The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





 





 





VOL. CXL. No. 15. l

Whole Number 3638.





DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY APRIL 12, 1913,





50 CENTS A YEAR.

$2 FOR 5 YEARS.





 





 





ject of making pork at a small cost



to the producers, there are .several

factors which should be taken into ac-

count. One of the items which cost most

at the present time is the labor, feeding

and caring for the hogs.



If we follow the: plans in vogue with

some of the up-to-date breeders and pig

raisers, We will bestow a good deal of

expense on the preparation of some of

the feeds in_the. way of husking corn,

hauling ‘au'the feeds to the mill, pay for

grinding and giving a ration of mixed

feeds, balanced according to the books,

which means a considerable outlay for

labor. It is often the expense for labor

that precludes the laying by of liberal

profits._



Some Old Style Methods.



1 am aware that many would hold up

their hands with horror if I were to hint

that some of the hog





IN considering the very important sub-





Making Pork Cheaply.





otherwise have been wasted, allowed to

eat shack if it were plentiful, and finally

confined in the pen and fattened for mar-

ket. In the corn-growing portions of

the country it was customary to hog

down the com, allowing the hogs to har-

vest their own grain which was to fat-

ten them for market.





It will be seen by the processes de-'





scribed that the outlay for labor was

small. Even if more labor had been be~

stowed on the hog business, the cost

would not have been large for the pre-

vailing summer wages for “hired men”

was but $12 and $13 per month. During

the War of the Rebellion the prices by

a depreciated currency, made the outlook





tage of pig raisers of today. I refer to

the plan of compelling the pigs to gather

a part of their feed if possible. Such a

c0urse reduces the cost of maintenance

and growth, and tends to promote the

health, strength and vigor of the pigs

themselves, and consequently insures a

greater profit to the raisers.



There are some things we have learned

that are firmly fixed in mind. One of the

things learned is that it costs more to

produce pork on grain alone than when

part of the feed is grass, clover or rape.

Another thing we have learned is that

the gains when pigs are compelled to

subsist on the grasses and clovers alone,

is too slow to be profitable under present





ket value and the character of the feed

as to profitable results, should be con-

sidered. At present market prices, corn

and oats are the cheapest of the feeds,

but as such a mixture contains too large

a proportion of carbohydrates, the ele-

ments that furnish heat and energy to

the body, and not enough protein, the

elements than promote the growth of

bones, muscles and vital organs, we will

suggest that an equal amount of wheat

middlings be used with the corn and oat

chop. In such a mixture there is a bet-

ter balance of the nutrients, making a.

cheaper and better feed, for better re-

sults can be obtained. Another advan-

tage gained by using the middlings is

that it adds to the palat’ability of the

feed, a point that should not be over-

looked.



If such a mixture of feeds be soaked

12 hours in water, and if skim-milk, but-

termilk, dishwater or





 





raisers of fifty years

ago ‘could discount our

modern, systems of pork

production as far as low

cost is concerned. We

have the advantage of





improved breeds with

which to operate, and

yet we are often too





lavish with the outlay

of feeds which are cost-

ly and labor which is

expensive. The secret

of producing pork cheap-

ly lies in selecting such

feeds as are not only

cheap in price, but easy

to obtain as far as 1a-

bor is concerned.



The hog raisers of 50

years ago had whatwe

call the old style breeds

which to operate, such

as the Irish Grazier,

Byfield, Polish, Red Rus-

sian, Big China, mon-

grels and mixed breeds.

Some of those hogs car-

ried ponderous names

that only survived their

day and generation. As

railroads Were not plen-

tiful, one characteristic was absolutely

necessary; each and every hog must have

strength of bone in the leg sufficient to

carry the fattened body to market. The

process of growth of the pigs was neces-

sarily slow, as it was the custom to com—

pel the hogs to subsist on such grasses

as they could find in the pasture fields

and woodlots in the summer, eat of the

shack (acorns and nuts) in the fall, and

were given just a living ration during

the winter. The second summer they

were allowed grass again, and the

process of fattening for market was be-

gun in the fall by allowing them to

glean the grain fields of what grain would





 





 





whey can be added be-

fore feeding, all the bet--

ter, it will be in a form

to be relished and will

be easily digested. As

to moisture. I will say,

make the feed just about

as thick as it will run.

if too thin and sloppy

the pigs get too much

water, which will throw

them out of shape,

make the kidneys work

too hard, and they will

not thrive well.



if pigs are fed of such





feeds twice per day,

morning and evening,

only as much as they





Will eat up clean readily,





they will eat of grass

and clover all they can

hold twice per day,

t‘orenoon and evening;





will lay in the shade or

pen the rest of the time,





 





enjoying life, because

t h e y a r e making

growth and heavier

weights rapidly. I will





 





A Suitable Grain Ration on Pasture





seem different, but reckoned by the stan-

dard of a gold basis, prices did not ad-

vance. The costs for feed in those days

were small to the farmers for the hogs

were compelled to gather their own living





while growing, and in many instances

gather their feed while fattening for

market.





Plan Now for the Season.

‘Vhile it is not my intention to urge

pig raisers at the present time to copy





the old-time methods of raising hogs for





market, for conditions have changed

greatly, yet there are hints which are

well worth remembering, and the meth-

ods can be adapted in part to the advan-





Makes for Economy in Pork Production.





day conditions. The best results are ob-

tained when the pigS'can get all the grass

and clover they want, and at the same

time are fed a moderate and yet pal-

atable grain ration twice, and in some

instances, three times per day.



The spring of the year is a good time

to plan for a needed supply of green

feeds. If there is not a sufficient supply

of grasses and clovers to meet the needs

of the pigs, sow some rape for them to

run on. Sow some peas for them to

gather. They enjoy such work and pay

well for the privilege of doing it.



The Grain Ration.

In selecting the grains used, the mar-





suggest that young piss



be. given a noonday



lunch of either whole corn or a feeding

of the regular mixture. When pigs are

small their stomachs are not large enough

to hold feed enough to last them 12 hours.

By using skill and good judgment in

making pork from young hogs, we can

grow the pigs to, popular market weights

in less than one-half the time that the

farmers of 50 years ago did, and what is

more, the meats from our young hogs

are sweet, tender, juicy and palatable,

just what the exacting consumers of to-

day demand. There is but little demand

fOr the old style hard side pork. It is

the intermingling of the rat and lean



(Continued on page 46-1).





 





 





 





 





 





’ M





 





A Good Supply of Horne-Grown Corn Is an Important l'-'actor -In MaxlmumkProfit fr0m P





 





a





 





 





ork Production—1912 Crop Grown by M. Krum, of Calhoun County.
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THE MICHIGAN FARMER





TILE DRAINING IN HARDPAN.





 





I have read much in the Michigan

Farmer about drainage. but the land to

be drained seems to be different from

mine, so I am writing for information.

My soil is a black, sandy loam, under-.

laid with fine‘ whitish clay and sand.

which forms a. hardpan that holds the

water from sinking away. The hardpan

is from six to 18 inches below the surface

soil and the ground is very level with

none too much fall for draining. In the

spring and fall, and in summer when

we have heavy rains, the surface soil be-

comes a quagmire and remains wet so

long that the land has become cold and

sour and produces but very little. A

neighbor who had a small pond with soil

similar to mine. thought he would tile

dra n it, soin a dry time he had it sur-

veyed. laid the tile and filled the ditch,

and behold, when the rains came the

pond resumed its former size and re-

mained to gladden the lives of toads and

bullfrogS. My neighbor dug down and

found that the tile were open but the

fine clay and quicksand would not let the

water soak 0r penetrate into the tile and

run off. To lay tile on my land the

ditches would have to be dug in this

hardpan to get the tile below the plow.

Does anybody know whether it would

work to fill the ditch over the tile with

the surface soil; would that let the

water soak through and into the tile?

Will someone who has had a like expe-

rience please give us their views?

Oceana Co.





This is, the first time I ever heard of

laying tile in any soil where they were

properly laid and water couldn’t get into

the tile, the soil of such a consistency

that it prevented the water from enter-

ing in between the ends of the tile, and

I am inclined to believe that there is

some other reason instead of this. In my

own mind I am almost pOSitive that this

must be the case. I have laid tile in all

kinds of soil seemingly, and I have never

had any such experience as this. The

only way to tile drain this land is to just

Simply cut through the hardpan and put

your ditch down at the proper depth and

pay no» attention to the hardpan, and if

you do and have sufiicient full so the

water will run, and lay the tile properly

you will find that the tile drains Will

drain the land and do it nicely.



lf I had a field like this I believe I

would try breaking up this hardpan with

dynamite. I think it would be an excel—

lent place to try dynamite. It would

probably crack and break this hardpan

so that much of the water would pass

through it, and drain into the tile very

much quicker than if it was not broken.

I believe it certainly would pay to try

dynamite on a portion of the field. J. B.

doesn‘t say what the condition of the soil

underneath the hardpan is. If it is an

open porous soil perhaps all that would

be necessary would be to break this hard-

pan and let the water get through it

when the sub-soil, if porous enough,

would take care of the moisture, but if

not it certainly would go into the tile

drains. If you laid the tile drains four

rods apart and then would use dynamite

between .the drain it would certainly

break up this hurdpan so that there

would be no question but what the water

could get to the drains. .



When one digs a ditch for a. tile drain,

lays the tile, and puts the soil back in,

it is almost impossible to put the soil

back in the same way it was taken out

and the surface soil and the sub-soil is

all mixed up together, and I don’t see

how it could in any way prevent the wat-

er from getting into the tile.



I w0uld expect some of this fine whit-

ish clay, so-called, would pass through

with the water through the openings of

the tile into the tile and then would pass

out of the file by the running water.

This will do no harm and will open little

channels in the soil so the water would

afterwards pass out more rapidly.



COLON C. LILLIE.

MORE ABOUT ALFALFA IN OSCEOLA

COUNTY.



I would like to answer Hon. 'W. H.

Schantz, who asked about my method of

growing alfalfa, through the Michigan

Farmer, for the benefit of others as well.

since I believe we all ought to try al-

falfa, as all will appreciate after they

have fed it to stock of all kinds.



I had a five-acre field, well manured.

before planting to potatoes the previous

year, and worked well before sowing to

alfalfa at the rate of 12 pounds per acre

with a nurse crop of one bushel of cats

to the acre. I cut the outs for grain and

had 34 bushels per acre. Part of the

alfalfa was blown off, which ‘I reseeded

the next spring in the same way and

now have a good stand on the field. The

same Spring (1912) I sowed seven acres

more; four acres on potato ground, where

I have a. fine stand, and three acres on

winter rye where I narrowed the seed in

with a spikeétooth barrow. I will not





 





try this again, hOWever, as the stand is;

not good and the plants are much small-

er. I used no inoculation whatever, but

every plant seems to have the right col-

or. My experience with alfalfa is, have

the ground well fitted, free from June

grass, well manured a year previous, and

sow about May 15_ with a nurse crop of

oats or barley. ‘





Osceola. Co. S. UPKEs.





 





BEAUTIFYING THE FARM BY PLANT-

ING FOREST TREES.





 





It will soon be time to plant trees and

this state has wisely set apart a day for

this purpose. But the trouble is, so many

fail to observe Arbor Day. A great many

farms could be improved in appearance

if a few forest trees were planted in the

lawn and around the dwelling, and also

along the roadside. For a shade tree

there is nothing more beautiful than the

sugar maple and with a little care they

grow quite rapidly. It seems but a few

years since I planted some sugar maples

On our lawn and by the roadside, and

now we are_making all the syrup we

need from sap gathered from these same

trees. And not only that, but for a num-

ber of years we have enjoyed much pleas-

ure sitting or lying in the hammock un-

der the shade of these beautiful trees,

which no money COuld buy.



Where trees, such as the maple, etc”

suitable for transplanting cannot be ob-

tained on the farm, they can be purchas~

ed of almost any nursery. It is advisable

not to plant, forest trees that are over

two inches in diameter, because larger

trees are more apt to die. The worst

enemy of the sugar maple is the borer,

which attacks the tree near the base. and

the only way to get rid of these pests is

to dig them out with a piece of wire or

a small blade of a knife. The borers

should be looked after the first and sec-

ond year after the tree is planted. After

a tree begins to grow vigorously the bor-

ers will not trouble it much. The first

year especially, after a forest tree is

planted, fine straw or some other mulch-

ing material should be used to keep the

roots moist. It is also a good plan to

nail a couple of narrow strips of boards

together in the shape of a letter V, and

fasten this to the south side of the tree

to protect it from the hot rays of the

sun. In closing, let me urge every farmer

to plant a few more forest trees this

spring, and You will never regret _it.



Ottawa Co. JOHN JACKSON.





 





MAKING GOOD ROADS WITH THE

ICING DRAG.





 





Gradually farmers are beginning to ap—

preciate the value of the King drag as

one of the best and Cheapest ways of

producing good roads. In Erie county.

Pa., it has been used to some extent. al-

though not so universally and systemati-

cally as it should have been for best re-

sults. Prizes for good roads have been

awarded to every district where it was

used, the roads in these districts being

characteristic by being better the year

around, although previously they were

no better than roads where the drag was

not used.



The King drag is so simply and cheap-

ly constructed that many farmers think

it is no good. Road dragging does not

mean going over the roads with an or-

dinary farm narrow, an impression that

many farmers have, but with a device

made of split logs with a straight edge

and drawn at an angle. It is called the

King drag from the name of the invent-

or, D. Ward King, of Missouri, who has

done much for the cause of good roads

by the development of this idea.



A good road is one that has a hard

surface and sheds water quickly. The

King drag makes such a road, if used at

the right time. Mud puddles start from

small depressions in the road. Water

collects here, mixes with the soil and

makes mud. The hole gets bigger and

deeper with every rain, and when there

are a number of such places, poor roads

are the result. The King drag ,keeps

these holes filled and in time elevates the

center of the road bed so that there is

a gentle slope in each direction to the

ditches on either side. When the rain

falls the hard sloping road bed sheds the

water and as there are no depressions in

the surface for the water to collect there

will be no mud puddles. The water runs

away before it has time to mix with the

soil and even in unfavorable weather

roads always are in good condition.



Frequent use of the drag is much

more effective than extensive use only a.

few times each season. A stitch in time

saves nine, is as true in road work as

it is in everything else. One week’stime





APRIL 12. 1913.“





in repairing roads extending, through the

season will be more effective arid ac-

complish more good than a month's time

when the work is done at one time and

the roads totally neglected the rest of

the year.



The most favorable time for use or the

drag is soon after a rain. Roads ought

to be gone over at least twice a month

during the season. Beneficial effects may

not be so noticeable at first, but the

improvement is gradual and permanent.

Slowly the center of the road bed will be

elevated, the surface hardened and 8006.

drainage provided, which is the most im-

portant essential for good roads.



The scraper makes a road uneven and

rough and fills the center of the road

with sods and loose eaarth, thus forcing

traffic to one side. Rains wash the dirt

back to the ditches and the working has

little or no value. The effect of a good

road drag is just the opposite, keeping

the roads good all the time. A road

drag can be operated cheaper and is

more effective than a road scraper.



Penm L. J. HAYNES.





GROUND MOLES.





 





In the issue of March 29 inquiry is

made in regard to moles. Last season

we treated sweet corn and peas by coat-

ing the seed with pine tar, with fair suc-

cess, to prevent its destruction by moles

or field mice—which?



The Department of Agriculture assured

me some years ago that moles never were

guilty of destroying seed of any kind,

but the fiield mice following in the run-

ways of the mole did the damage. The

moles surely destroy many destructive

grub worms; and they also eat quanti-

ties of earthworms, which are very ben-

eficial to the farmer, but if they are

guilty of Only furnishing runways for the

field mice to use in the destruction of

our seed corn and peas, perhaps they

should be protected.



Some time before you are ready to

plant, dampen your seed corn and peas.

Let them stand, say over night,

add about a tablespoonful of pine tar to

one quart of seed, and stir well to dis—

tribute the tar evenly over the surface

of the seed. If seed is not well coated

add more tar. When ready to plant roll

theseed .in plaster, air—slaked lime, or

sifted ashes and it can be handled quite

readily.



Some say add kerosene to seed, but I

should expect this would prevent germi-

nating unless used very sparingly.



Barry Co. SUBSCRIBER.





 





DRAINING MUCKI LAND.





Have some land on which the muck

is four to eight feet deep, with plenty

of fall to drain well. I have been told

it would not pay to drain it, as where

muck is so deep it' is leachy and costs

more to fertilize than the land would be





worth. Land is easy to clear, being

lightly covered with pole willows and

other soft: timber. mostly small stuff.‘





\Vould also like to ask about using ce-

ment tile on this kind of land.

Jackson Co. L. P.





I would not consider four to eight feet

deep muck. There are many swamps

with muck known to be much deeper

which are producing good crops each year

without the use of fertilizer, although

when cropped for several years an appli-

cation of stable manure is found to be

of benefit. Fer best results deep tile

draining is found to be necessary, as a.

Sheet of water will lay at the bottom of

the tile which will make the land cold

if too close to the surface. Tile laid

four feet is not too deep if proper fall

can be had. If muck is light and flaky

it will not produce well until it rots. Cul—

tivation and exposure will hasten the de-.

composition. There may be leachy muck

but none known to the writer.



Cement tile have not given satisfaction

in all cases. The fault may be in the

material used, the mixing or the amount

of water used in making.



Hillsdale Co. W. G. BOYD.





PLANT TREES BY THE ROADSIDE.





 





Mr. VVashburne did not tell us in his

recent article if he tolerated any shade

trees along the-roadside. I have seen-

places in the Province of Quebec where

there was apparently 500 acres with not

a bush or tree growing upon it. We are

not in favor of making a park or forest

of cultivated fields, but‘ think that one

or two trees in a. ten-acre field improves

the looks of a farm.



Livingston Co. 0. H. HILL.



The Michigan Farmer at the new rates

of 50 cents a year, $1.00 for two years,

$1.25 for three years, and $2.00 for five

years costs less than one cent per week.





 





then.
APRIL :12, 1913.





 

   





 





FARM NOTES.





Sowing Rape with Oats.



Will yOu please tell me how much rape

seed should be sowed to the acre? Also.

if rape can be successfully drilled With

oats?



Clinton Co. » C. N.



Rape can be sown with oats and will

make a considerable amount of forage

after the oats are harvested, depending

upon the Weather conditions. In a fav-

orable season a large amount of feed will

be produced. About four pounds of seed



‘ should be used per acre, permitting it to

fall ahead of the drill hoes when drilling

the oats. The only objection to this plan

is that sometimes the rape grows up

large enough in the oats to make consid-

erable green stuff in the butts of the oat

bundles. In this case, however, the oats

can be threshed directly from the field

or at once after drawing to the barn or

stack.



Sowing Red Top with Timothy.



I have a field of rather low ground

which I have seeded to clover several

times. The clover will come up and

grow well the first season but always

heaves out during the winter. The ground

this spring is covered; with clover roots.

I was thinking of seeding it to timothy

and red top. as I never have sown any

red top I wish to get some information

in regard to sowing it. Should I fit the

ground the same as for other seed? What

time of the season should I sow it, how

much'seed to the acre? Shopld it be

sown broadcast and harrowed in? Can

the red top and timothy be sown togeth-

er? Can any of my brother farmers

suggest any kind of grass that would be

better than red top and timothy? It is

a. gravel clay loam on the river bottom,

I think some quicksand bottom, usually

water within three to four feet of the

surface. Would orchard grass do well on

Such land? Should the red top be sown

with or without any other crop?



Kalamazoo Co. _ . C. W. D.



red top is often sowu with timothy on





 

   





‘t kind of land and alsike clover may

b profitably added to this combination

a it will not heave so badly as other clo-

v and will endure a more moist loca-





ion. Where a thick seeding is desired

six pounds Of red top and six pounds of

timothy are sown per acre, or if alsike

clover is used in this combination three

pounds of alsike, four 'pounds of timothy

and four pounds of red top should be

sufficient. Orchard grass is not so well

adapted to this sort of land as to upland.

This combination of grasses can be best

own in the spring as soon as the soil

an be well fitted. Of course, one would

at get a very profitable crop the first

eaSOn as it takes these'grasses a con-

siderable time to get well established.



Sand Vetch In Michigan Agriculture.





,W you please give me instructions

about owing vetch? I have a sandy hill

of abou “five acres. \Vouid it be advis-

able to grow it as a spring crop for hay





and how would you manage in sow-

ing it'?

\Vayne Co. E. A. L.





The common hairy or sand vetch grown

in Michigan is sown in midsummer about

the middle or lat'ter part of August in

combination with rye. .Vetch being a

vine, the rye will hold it up so that it

can be harvested as a forage crop the

following season. There are a number

of varieties of spring vetch, which, how-

ever, have been little grown in Michi-

gan. At‘ the Ohio Experiment Station

they did not give nearly as satisfactory

results as the winter vetch and are not

recommended.



S’tabie Manure for Beans.





I have eight acres of quite heavy clay

which has been run some for two years.

Two years ago I manured it very heavily

and planted it to corn. Last spring I

cultivated and sowed to oats, This spring

I want to manure it again and plant it





to beans. Will the manure injure the

beans? Some say it will rust them.

Genesee Co. A. P. C.





There is some foundation for the more

or less general opinion that stable ma-

nure applied to bean ground tends to

promote fungous diseases, which are des-

ignated under the common name of rust





in this inqiry. This might be particu-

larly true if the manure were made in

part from the feeding of bean fodder





from a crop which had been infested

with anthracnose or other fungous dis-

eases. In any event, the presence of the

manure would tend to promote a more

rapid development of the fungus where

the germs were present in the seed or

soil. Also, beans being a leguminous crop

do not require an excess of nitrogen to

make a vigorous growth and the appli-

cation of considerable quantities of stable

manure might tend on some soils to pro-

mote a heavy growth of vines rather

than a liberal setting of pods, unless the

stable manure were supplemented by an

application of mineral fertilizers.

However, on ground that has been

cropped continuously for several years,

it is beneficial to add vegetable matter

to the soil and a lightdressing of stable





manure under these circumstances would,

in the writer’s opinion, be beneficial rath-

er than otherwise to the bean crop and

certainly to the soil and succeeding crops.

Both experimental data and. the experi-

ence of bean growers, however, point to

the use of a limited amount of mineral

fertilizers rather than stable manure for

the bean crop, but much would depend

upon the condition of the soil. If there

was a heavy growth of oat straw there

probably is enough nitrogen in the soil

withOut the addition of stable manure,

but if there 'is‘a deficiency of humus it

might be used with profit.

Cowpeas vs. Beans.



“'0uld cowpeas be good for seed grown

in Van Buren county? \Ve would like

to try a crop this year in preference to

beans. \Vould you consider it a profit-

able crop and would it be better for the

soil and leave any nitrogen in ground?

Also w0uld there be a ready market for

Michigan grown seed?



Van Buren Co. L. E. G.



The early varieties of cowpeas would

mature in southern Michigan if they are

planted for seed-growing purposes. How-

ever, only northern grown seed should

be used as otherwise a crop could not be

matured. There would doubtless be a

good market for Michigan grown seed

either by selling direct- to those who de-

sired same for planting or marketing

through seedsmen, although the market

would not be as stable as for beans. The

cowpea is a leguminous crop like beans.

and is principally valued as a soil im-

prover where plowed dOWn for green ma—

nure. Where_ a seed crop is matured,

however, there would be no more bene—

ficial effects upon the soil than where a

crop of beans is grown for the same

purpose.



Crops for Muck Land.





Have four acres of muck which is from

six inches to two feet deep. \Vhat kind





of seed would be best to sow on this

for hay? What time of year is best to

sow it”? Also have a piece of drained





muck grown up to June grass on which

I want to grow onions. \\'hat can I use

to prevent cutworms from bothering?

\\'ouid an Open ditch drain land of this

kind better than a tile drain?





Kent Co. L. L.

A good combination for this land would

be timothy, redtop, and alsike clover.





About four pounds of each of the former

and three pounds of the latter sown in

the spring without a nurse crop would

insure the best stand of these grasses.



Fall plowing followed by early cultiva-

tion in the spring is the best remedy for

cutworms, but' Where this has not been

done the use of poisoned bran mash

scattered over the surface before the

plants come up will kill many of the

worms, and on small areas of garden

crops this plan may serve a good pur~'

posef



A well laid tile drain is as efficient as

an open ditch where it can be laid at a

reasonable depth.

THE DISC VS. THE CUTAWAY HAR-



ROW.





 





Which is the most practical and the

best general purpose harrow for pulver-

izing heavy sod, and also for loosening

up ground in the spring before plowing,

the whole disc or the cutaway disc?



Berries Co. D. \V. I’.





My experience is that the cutaway har-

row will dig better in sod ground and on

hard clay ground than the disc harrow.

The reason is because of the fact that

not such a large part of the surface of

the discs rest on the ground at the same

time with the cutaway as‘does with the

disc harrow, the disc harrow being a

continuous blade. Something, of course,

has to do with the size of the discs, the

smaller the discs the better it will go into

hard ground; that is, a 16-inch disc is a

better machine to dig in hard ground

than a 20-inch disc. On all ordinary

ground either one will do good service.

You will find that it will be quite difficult

to dig up a good stiff sod with either a

disc Or a cutaway barrow. It will have

to be loaded pretty heavy and you will

have to go over it a number of times be-

fore you dig it up very thoroughly.



COLON C. LILLIE.





BOOK NOTICE.





 





 





“The Gasoline Engine on the Farm,”

by Zeno Putnam, is a practical compre-

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John Deere





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Write for “0-D" Book No. Q p3.

MOLINE, ILLINOIS





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Find On

and enhanced land values.





Spiceland, Ind.. Oct. 15, 1912.



I am well pleased with the ma-



chine. although this was not. a dry



season. I have 20 ‘1: more com on

tho iield broken with it.



E. D. GORDON.





Monmouth, 111.. Apr. 27, 1912.



I plowed 40 acres with a gang

plow to the ordinary depth and

30 acres with the Spalding Deep

’l‘illing Machine to a depth of

15 inches, cutting a. furrow about

12 inches in width. At this width

and depth, 1 consider it; of light.

draft.



This field was put in corn, all

tended and cultivated the same.

the onlv difference being that the

ground plowed with the Tiller was





soil.





much easier to get into condition



for seeding, due to the manner in



which the machine pulvcrizcs the



The yield of corn per acre



was as follows:



Ground plowed with Gang Plow,

ordinary depth, 24 Bu.



Ground plowed with Spaiding Ma-

chine. 15 in., 61 Bu.



I will admit that the above results

sound unreasonable, and have had

a hard time realizing that. it. was

so, but wish to say that the above

results were not gained through

guess work. but. by actual weight.





Although this was not a very good

year to get results





The Cause

and Effect of





Deep Tilling!





Spalding users—on a thousand farms—are reporting their increased crops

Below are a few such reports—many more are

waiting.r for your inspection in our Experience File. All these men read

about the Spalding Deep Tilling Machine a year or so ago and realized

then and there that they didn’t have any time to waste, so they got busy

and now they can report as they do.





plowed the





r. I. BROWNELL. board plow.

Delphi, Ind.. Dec. 13, 1912.

the corn.

from deep





Why Shouldn't You?

Spaiding Dept. 65, GALE MFG. _ CO., Albion. Mich.





spring plowing, I saw a. marked

difference in the potato crop on

land deep tilled to that. on land

ordinary way;

difference being In favor of the

Spaiding Deep Tilling Machine.



W. 0. SMITH.





Valley Mills, Ind., 8.26.12.

The Spalding Machinepieasesme

very much. The way it; mixes and

puiverizcs the soil is wonderful.

The yield of the part. plowed

with the Deep Tiller is 30% greater

than that. plowed with the mould-

The deep seed bed

seems to prevent. extremes of

weather (wet. or dry) from injuring





H. O. MOORE.





the





 





 





 





 





What to do.





ing Soil-Problems





( Soil Dept. )





ASK FOR PRICES.





 





Nassau street, New York.





SEEDBEANS





Spring Rye and Buckwheat.





Northern Michigan Grown.





TRAVERSE GITY MILLIIII 00.

fiTravoroo City, Mich.)





SOIL ANALYSIS—F REE !





TO USERS OF OUR FERTILIZERS

IN OHIO. INDIANA and MICHIGAN





Write for our “Soil Chart”—~it tells you





for the trade.





THE OHIO STANDARD CHEMICAL co.





Dealers wanted—those interested in solv-





TOLE DO. OHIO





 





to benefit your soil.





perimental station advocate its use.

for prices, samples and free booklet.





The Sololo lime a. Simona, Delaware, 0.





A‘iiIiIGIILTIIIIAL LIMEI





Now is the time to place your orders for the





Strongest Limo in Ohio





The Government and ex-
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Steel With and

Spline-[Dowel





 





The 1913 Saginaw

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more rigid.more solid.



Add these features

to the Well-known Sag-

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recognize the tremen-

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lidity of the Saginaw

Silo. -



The All-Steel D00

Frame, heavy and

rugged, is a bed-rock

framework to build to.



The Inner Anchor

provides a perfect means of distributing

“the hold" of the anchoring cable.



\The Base Anchor makes the Silo im-

movable on the foundation.



The Spline-Dowel in t e r l o c k s the

staves. making a rigid wall. A Silo

should have at least two Spline-Dowel:

to each stave.



The Angle Sleel Rib prevents the

“cave in." It would be necessary to bend

ed ewise the horizontal flange on the Rib

be ore the Silo wall could collapse.



Did you ever hear of a Silo better con-

structed — more solid -— more rigid -— as

immovable as the Saginaw?





Don’t Forget to Get

Our Silo Book





Doubtless you have intended to get our free

Silo Book No. 42, but something happened and

you forgot. Better send a postal right now and

have this fine book in your home by return

mail. You‘ll find it decidedly different from

the ordinary Silo Catalog. It contains a

wealth of interesting. money-making ideas for

flairymen and stockmen. You don't need to

write a letter—just a postal will do. (60)





THE McCLURE COMPANY





(Formerly FARMERS HWY WAGON 00.)





Saginaw, Mich. Des Moines, lowa Cairo, ill.

Minnesota Transfer. Minn. Fort Worth, Texas





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





a





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Dairy.





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CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





HillilflfllliillllllllllliilllliiE

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CEMENT FOR STABLE FLOORS.





 





I Would like Mr. Lillle’s opinion on ce-

ment floor for horses and cattle. I am

going to put floors in my horse and cow

burn this spring. I intended to put ce-

ment under horses and then plank on

top. I don’t know whether cement would

be a good cow floor or not.



Alcona Co. E. B.





Cement floors are all right for both

horses and cattle. It isn’t practical to

put in any other kind of floor. “Iced is

expenSive and it doesn’t wear well, and

besides, it is impossible to make a good

sanitary stable with a wooden floor. I

am aware that there is a notion abroad

that it isn’t good for horses to stand on

a cement floor but I don’t think there is

anything in this at all. My horses have

stood on a cement floor now for the last

six or seven years and I have neVer seen

any injurious results. Of course, a ce-

ment floor for a horse stable or for a.

cow stable as well, ought' not to be

troweled dOWn so that it is real smooth.

It is a splendid thing to smooth it off

with a wooden trowel instead of the

metal trowel. This leaves the surface a

little bit rough so that horses don‘t slip.

Once in a while, of course, in the winter

time when horses come in with snow on

their feet a stable floor is pretty slippery

and yet. if it is smoothed off with a wood-

en trowel when it is made, or perhaps

just before it sets, if it is swept thor-

oughly with a steel broom, that leaves

the surface so that it isn't too smooth.

\l'hcn this is done there is no particular

danger of horses slipping and there is

nothing in the fact that it injures their

feet to stand on a cement floor.





 





 





 





 

   

 





 





 

   

 

 

 





' l

Use KEROSENE Engine Free.

Amazing “DETROIT" Kerosene Engine , '

chipped on 15 days' FREE Trial, prove: ’ '

kerosene cheapest. safest, most power-

!ul fuel. if satisfied, pay lowest price

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not, pay nothing. No wane, no evapo-

ntion, no explosion from coal oil.





Gasoline Going Up!



Gasoline i s 9cto15c higher than

coal oil. Still going up. Two

pints of coal oil do work of three

pints gasoline.





Amazing “DETROIT"





—only engine running on cool

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‘ 7i nders can-





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gears—no valves—~the utmoatin simplicity. power and strength.

Mounted on skids. All sizes. 2 to 20 h. p., in stock ready to

ship. Engine tested before crating. Comes all ready to run.

Pumps. saws. threshcs. churns. separates milk, grinds feed.

shells corn. runsliome electriclighting plant. Prices (stripped),

$29.50 up. Sent any place on 15 days' Free Trial. Don't

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“ ET IT." Thousandlin use. Costs only postal to find out.

‘If you are first in your neighborhood to write. you get Special

Extra-Low Introductory price. Write! ’ (





There is another notion abroad, and

that is that if cows lie on cement floors

they are liable to haVe garget. I don‘t

ithink there is anything is this. It may

be that cows that never were accustomed

to a cement floor and they wcre put on

a cement floor it might at first cause

some inflammation of the udder, because

a cement lloor certainly does take away

some heat from the body. but thousands

and thousands of cows lie on a cement

floor and they do not have garget, so

certainly after they get used to it there

is no trouble about this. So far as per-

sonal experience is concerned, I know

nothing about cows lying on a cement

floor, because we have a model stall and

this model stall provides a straw bed for

them to lie on so that the udder and, in

fact. no part of the body comes in con-

tact with the cement floor. But the ma-

jority of cows are kept in stanchions and

the majority of them are kept on cement

floors and there are no bad results.





 





138

Detroit Engine Works. 149 Bellevue Ave., Detroit, Mich.





 





FRESH PURE AIR

FOR YOUR BARN.





Will keep it dry and at an

even temperature.



The best and most economical

way to provide this ventilation

is to place‘on your buildings a





Buckeye All-Metal

Cupola - Ventilator





The Buckeye not only does the

work but lasts the longest. It is the

only Cnpolo—Ventultor made entirely

of metal having a heavymetal base.



A handsome weather vane mounted

with horse, cow, sheep or hog free

, - -- with each one.



f? ow or prospective builder should have our

hCINUI book, The Ventilation of Modern Faun Bulld-

lngo. It is free. "'r’ite today.



THE THOMAS a ARMSTRONG CO. 28 KILSthondomo.





 

 





 





 





 





 

 





 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

   

   

 





 





 





 

 

 

 





A Grout Horo- Story





ATE and QUEEN





By Prof. Jesse Beer-y





Surpasses tho_fumous “Black Beauty’

“Kate'j a victim of poor

handling is Vividly contrast- .

With Queen" who was

more fortunate. Yo u

sympathize with one—

reioice with the other.

Prof. Beery has woven into this in-

tensely interesting story, man valu-

able suggestions for handling ones

-a resultof a lifetime's experience.

Thousands praise it. Sells for 500.

but a limited number on! will

be sent for the names an ad-

dressee of 5 horse owners and

100 to cover postage and pack'g.





Prof. ease

Box 577 Pleasant 0.





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





DRINKING BOWLS FOR COWS. WILL

A CREAM SEPARATOR PAY?





.__._..__.





Are there drinking bowls for cows on

the market. which can be connected to

one—inch piping? I saw them in Ger-

many, they had drop covers to keep

straw or hay out. The COWs seemed to

know right away to lift‘ covers with their

nose. I saw your answer to a question

some time ago. but therein you did not

state where they could be bought. 1 also

would like to hear your opinion about a

cream separator on the farm. \Vould it

pay to buy one where a good creamery

is near, about two miles, and neighbors

to make up a good creamery route? In





other wordS, would we make enough

more with a separator. over the other

way, to pay for the extra work involved





at night and morning?

Shiawassee Co. J. V. A.





There are two or three different firms

that manufacture drinking bowls like

those described by J. V. You will find

them advertised in all special dairy pa-

pers and in many of the general purpose

farm papers, at certain times of the

year. I have such bowls in my own cow

stable and am pretty well pleased with

them. You have a small tank at the end

of the stable and then put all the bowls

0n a level with this tank and it only

takes one float valve to gauge the water

in all of the different1 bowls which are

connected by inch pipe. Each one of the

bowls has a cover that drops down and

keeps the straw and dirt out of the bowl.

The cow readily lifts this up with her

nose when she wants to drink.



Of course, it is a little work to turn





 





 





 





 





Ensilage Cutter





and En ino You Gan Own.

Cute and elevates ten per day for-lees than 81. Address





a separator by hand and separate milk.

and many people who have cream sepa-

rators have a small gasoline engine to

run them with, but they can be turned

by hand. There is some compensation,





ECONOMIZII. Box .6. Honda. Michigan lbowever, for the extra work in running





TH E :M IC H I G‘A‘N»6FA‘R MER





the separator. You don’t have to haul

the milk to the factory and back every

day. The cream can be sent to the fac-

tory eyery other day,

week, and only a small amount of it has

to go. This amounts to considerable

when the roads are real bad. Then again,

there are no milk cans covered with sour

milk and buttermilk to waSh. Besides,

this the warm skimmilk from the sep-

aratbr is the best food for the calves and

young pigs. Of course. when you send

the whole milk to the creamery it is sep-

arated and the skim-milk brought back.

In cold weather this is usually sweet

when it gets back but in the summer

time it is usually sour. The young calves

and pigs don’t like the sour skim-milk as

well as they do the sweet skim-milk. I

don’t know but what it is just as good

f0r them after they get used to it. but it

is a hard matter to keep them drinking

sour milk. They don't like it. This fac-

tory skim-milk is likely to be contami-

nated with milk from t‘ubercular cattle

on other farms, thus endangering your

stock by that method. There is. there-

fore, a good argument for the use of the

separator on the farm.



On the other hand, there is an argu-

ment in favor of sending the whole milk.

The trouble is, when we use the separa-

tOr on the farm We are not particular in

sending the cream regularly. Many times





we put it off until the cream is in

poor condition, and consequently the

creamery is not able to make first-class





butter out of it, and when it goes to

market they don’t get as good a price

f0r it. When you send the whole milk

that has to be sent every day and it is

always received in good condition and

the creamer-y can make“ onrt'he average

a much better product. But if we will

take good care of our cream, keep it cool

and sweet, and deliver it to the factory

sweet, then a good product can be made

from gathered cream. One has to decide

this question for himself. “'here a milk

hauler goes by the door and all one has to

do is to milk the cows and set the cans

of milk out on the platform it certainly

simplifies matters a good deal. Never-

theless; even here the producer must ul-

timately pay for the additional expense

of carrying the skim—milk to the factory

and returning it; and if one has to draw

his own milk to the factory then it makes

considerable difference. Of course, where





you send the cream it doesn’t cost as

much to haul it as it does the whole

milk.





 





POTATOES FOR MILCH COWS.





 





\Vill you please tell me whether pota-

t‘oes can be fed to cows giving milk, to

any profit or not?



Berrien Co. J. G. F.



Potatoes are just as good a feed for

milch cows, and even better than mangel

wurzel beets. They are about on a par

with any kind of roots. The chemical

analysis of potatoes is as follows: 1.1

per cent of digeStible crude protein; 15.7

of digestible carbohydrates; 0.1 per cent

of digestible fat. Now mangel wurze.

beets contain only 1.0 per cent of digesti-

ble protein, 5.5 per cent of digestible car-

bohydrates, and 0.2 per cent of digestible

fat, consequently according to the chem-

ical analysis the potatoes would be w0rth

more than mange] wurzel beets, and I

don’t see any reason why they are not.

Of course, potatoes are usually worth

more for human food than they are fed

to cows. but in a year when potatoes are

exceedingly cheap, many times large

quantities of potatoes are fed to milch

co‘ws.



One mistake people make in feeding

them is that they feed too many. Pota-

toes are cheap and they want to get ri.l

of them and they feed the cow more than

she ought to have. The cow ought not

to have over a peek of potatoes at a

feed. This amount might be. fed perhaps

twice a day after the cow gets accus—

tomed to eating them, but if fed in rath-

er moderate quantities they are appetiz-

ing, and have a succulency which assists

in the digestion of the dry matter in the

ration, and in every respect they are just

as valuable as manger wurzel beets.





There is some little danger, of course,

in cows choking on potatoes unless the

cows are tied in separate stalls. For

instance, if a man would go into a pasQ

ture field and throw down a basket of

potatoes and the cows would all run up

and grab them, they would probably un-

dertake to swallow the potatoes before

they were chewed, but in the stable.

where each cow is in a stall by herself

and no other cow can molest her, there

is Very little danger in choking. It might

be safer, however, to cut them in two

with a. spade before they were red.





Or three times a,





Our patented device leaves the

mileage s fitless and peggotly

uni . can as a new .

Look at these prices! 550 to 000

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pounds capacity— ; 960 to 1000

pounds capacity 75. Why my

more ? There’s no better mach ne.

For the first time in separator

history 'you are offered an effi-

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Then. on close. clean skimming the

Beatrice beats them all. It will pay for

itself in cream saved in a single ear.

Ask our-dealer. Or write In or free

boo eta and full Information.

BEATRICE enemy COMPANY

Chicago llncoln, Heb.

Del Homes. la. Donnie. la.





Save i“‘25 toi’40 ~





Buy Your LAST

Separator FIRST





If you have never owned a

separator don’t buy care-

lessly. only to find that you

need and want a. really good

machine. If you have a worn

. out or unsatisfactory sepa-

rator. let your next be a life‘-

time investment. Get a





. Great Western





*—

' first instead of! “work-

ing up to it." Get our free Art:

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Handling Milk. 8 own best

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$ 1 0 to $ 1 5

more per cow per ear. Our

‘ book tells how. rite for it



at once. Address





Rock Island Plow Co.

245C Second Ave.. Rod: Island, [IL





 





 





   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 

 

 





 





 

   

 

 

 

 





SlLOS Last! If?





_ Construction _is right, material

is right. Only Silo made with full-

length. structural steel door frame

heavily galvanized after the rivcting. Not

a crev ce exposed to rust. Choice of seven

kinds of wood. lnflexible guarantee. We

prepay freight. Catalog shows man more

fine points. write for it “in. Md?!” [$30.





KALAMAZDD 'I'AIK a. SIM) co.





Kalamazoo. Mich. mu City. Mo.

Minneapolis. Minn. lo. Ft. Worth. Tom





alamagoo,





 





Only silo made with the" com-

. bined featurel. Doors on Bingel.

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THE E. W. ROSS CO.

3 14 Springfield. Ohio





 

 





 





 

 





illlllllmli .

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OF A SILO

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. ,- We Have It. Investigate.

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BOURBON SILO CO.

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H MAIN FEATURE

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Easily made, easily erected. Molded from .



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cum a nu: 3450,35.





M. i!





 





 

   

   

   

   

 





 

 





 

 





,4 ' "





ALWAYS nation he MICHIGAN [ARIES

when "I are writing «advertisers. -
1. APRIL 12, 1913.





COW BARN CONSTRUCTION QUES-





TIONS. .



5‘5? We would like some questions answer-

'- ed on barn construction and wish you

would kindly submit. to your readers





who haVe built up-to-date barns and

greatly oblige us. First, should cows

face a center alley? 2nd. what is the

DI‘ODer width for a barn with a double

row of cows? 3rd, if cows face the wall

is it best to. have the center alley wide

enough to‘drive through with a spreader

or is a .carrier system more desirable?

4th, is a gutter back of the cows neces-

sary? The writer would have the alley

enough lower to do away with a gutter

and would like to know what objection

there would be to this plan? 5th, is a

stable under the barn or a one-story sta-

ble attached to the barn, most desirable?

6th, is there any material on the market

that can be incorporated in the concrete

to form a platform for the cows to stand

on which will do away with the objection

to the cows lying on the bare concrete?

7th, in providing a barn for 50 cows is

it desirable to have calf and bull pens

t or sh0uld these be in a separate barn?

8th. is a bucket system in the barn de—

, . ‘. Sll‘able or should the cows be turned out:

~ for water each day?

Menominee Co. N. B.



I will give my opinion with regard to

these various questiOns about cow barn

construction in the order in which they

occur in N. Bros.’ letter.



First—I do not think it best for cows

to face a central alley. I would prefer

to have them stand in two rows in the

cow stable but have them face the out-

side. My reason is this: It is much

cheaper to handle the manure from the

cow stable if the cows face the outside

and have an alley between the cows so

that you can drive through with the ma-

nure spreader. This is an easy way to

handle the manure. Then again. I do

not like the idea of the cows breathing

into each other’s faces. I think it is a

good way of communicating disease, es-

pecially tuberculosis. If the com: stand

facing the outside and you have the King

; .system of ventilation. the pure air in-

.takes are just in front of the cows and

they get the fresh pure air as it first

enters the stable. Another reason for

having the cows face the outside is that

the hay chute above can be on the out-

side of the barn and out of the way. If

your feeding alley is in the center of the

barn then your feeding chute would be

in the center of the barn and it is in the

way in the storage part of the barn

above.



Second—The proper width of the cow

stable for two rows of cows is 36 feet.

This gives a broad alleyway between the

cows and a feeding manger in front of

the cows four feet wide. This is wide

enough so that one can pass through with

i an ensilage car and it is plenty wide

l enough for feeding hay. There is no

objection to having a cow stable 38. feet

or 40 feet wide if you want it so, but it:

isn’t necessary. You could have it more

than 36 feet wide and then increase the

width of your alleys accordingly. You

could have your broad alley between the

two rows of cows a little bit wider, and

it would do no particular harm. It might

be better to state that 36 feet is the

minimum width to give a satisfactory

amount of room.



Third.~ll‘ the cows face the outside a

good plan where one’s system of farming

will permit, is to have the alley between

the two rows of cows wide enough so

that you can drive through with a ma-

nure spreader or manure truck and put

the manure directly into these recep—

tacles and draw it out to the field. In

this way'you only have to handle the

J manure once. The other way, if you

I have a litter carrier, the litter carrier is





 





 





 





loaded and pushed out of the barn and

into the manure truck or ma-

nure spreader. It perhaps saves a little

time to load it direct, and especially

where one has sufficient manure at each

cleaning to make a, load worth getting

the horses ready and taking the manure





dropped





to the field.

Fourth—A gutter back of the cows is

necessary if you keep the cows in





stanchions. If you have the model cow

Stall a gutter is not a necessary part of

the equipment. There is no particular

objectiOn to having this passageway low-

er and have the cows stand on a plat-

form except that the platform cannot be

kept as clean. It is more liable to be

wet with the liquid manure.

ple have this driveway gradually round-

ed or sloped off into the gutter and don't

have a square—edged gutter. In other

words, the driving alley between the two

rows of cows is shaped like a well con-

structed road, rounding off to the gut-

ter. There is no objection to this what-

. , .y' . ever. On the other hand, I can see.no

‘ - objection to the gutter. The cows will



~ stand on a platform is order to keep

themselves clean. Now it doesn’t make





 





 





 





Some peo- ‘





any difference whether there is a ditch

behind them or whether the whole drive-

way drops, the advantage would seem to

be the same. -



Fifth—I think that a cow stable under

the storage part of the barn, that is, to

have the cow stable in basement or

first floor of the barn and the storage

part above, is preferable to having the

cow stable separate and distinct, largely

on account of the cost of doing chores.

I am aware that some people will argue

that it is more sanitary to have the sta-

ble away from the storage part of the





barn. Then the h‘ay is brought in as

needed. On the other hand, it is much

easier to throw the hay down from

above into the feeding alleys. The cell-





ing sh0uld be tight, or the floor of the

barn above the COWS should be double-

boarded. It is better, of course, to have

the cow stable sealed besides. Now when

this is done there is no chance for any

of~the foul odors 0f the cow stable going

up so that it in any way injures the fod-

der above. This is certainly true where

a King system of ventilation is properly

established. There are very little bad

odors in the cow stable with this system

in proper working order. Another im-

portant consideration is that it costs

considerable more to build a stable sep-

arate from the storage part of the barn,

and I do not believe it is necessary. One

can have just as sanitary a stable and

have the storage part of the barn direct-

ly above as he can to have it separate.

By putting in windows on all sides of

it you can have it well lighted and you

can ventilate it just exactly as well,

while the first cost of building is consid-

erably less and then the cost of doint.r

the chores afterwards is much reduced

by having the two combined.



Sixth—There is nothing that l know

of that could be mixed with the cement

and not injure its wearing power that

would take away the qualities that are

claimed to injure the cows that stand

and lie on a cement floor. Personally I

don't believe it injures them because

there are thousands and thousands of

cows that have nothing but a cement

floor to lie on and they do well and are

perfectly healthy, no harm seemingly

comes from it.

cow stall then the cow has a bed about

four inches deep to lie on and she doesn’t

come in contact with the cement floor

at‘ all.



Seventh—I don’t think that bull stalls

ought to be in the cow barn. I think

the bull pen ought to be outside of the

barn and to be in connection with a fair-

ly good-sized yard. 1 don‘t think that

bulls ought to be confined in stanchions

and tied by the nose. I would have it

so that they would have a good shelter

and would have no door to this shelter

or stable, but let them run in and out

as they chose. Good strong stanchions

can be made in this bull pen or hull barn

or whatever you choose to call it, so that

you can fasten them when you desire,

but ordinarily I would let them run in

and out as they wished. There is no

objection to having calf pens in the same

barn if you have room enough. but with

a herd of 30 cows I would prefer if pos-

sible, to have a separate barn for the

calves. and I would have this made into

small box stalls so each calf could be in

a pen by itself and not have to be

tied up.



Eighth—I think that the bucket sys-

tem of watering cows is desirable. I

realize that there is some objection to it.

but taking everything into consideration

I believe that it is advisable tohave it

in the barn. I don’t believe that it is

the best thing to be compelled to turn

the cows out to drink in all kinds of

weather. Most of the time it would be

all right, but there are days, and some-

times several days at a time, when cows

giving milk ought not to be out doors.

One is not prevented from bringing the

~cows out of doors for exercise in suitable

weather because he has a watering de-

vice in the stable, but by having this

system he is not forced to turn the cows

out when the weather is not suitable.



To ENCOURAGE PRODUCTION OF



PURE-BRED STOCK.





 





Officials of the Department of Agricul-

ture are strongly in favor of encouraging

and [assisting raisers of pure-bred cattle,

in establishing herds that are absolutely

free of tuberculosis and to which the

department can certify as such. This, it

is believed, would greatly stimulate the

eradication of the disease and at the

same time to a. great: extent prevent the

constant spread of the disease and its

introduction into many clean herds

through the purchase of pure-bred stock.





If you could use a model‘





 





 





Save Their Cost

Every Year of Use





If you are thinking about buying a. cream separator, and have

only a small amount of ready cash to invest, don’t be tempted_to

put your money into one of the so-called “cheap” machines.



hard-earned money for a Hcheap,” trashy

machine, when you can buy a reliable

De Laval upon such' liberal terms that

it will more than save its cost

while you are paying for it.





 





When you buy a De Laval you have

positive assurance that your machine will

be good for at least. twenty years of service,

during which time it. will save every possible

dollar for you and cam its original cost over

and over again.

If you purchase the so-called ”cheap”

' separator, you must pay cash in advance

and then take the chance of the machine becoming worthless

after a year or two of use, to say nothing of the cream it. will

waste while it does last.



More Do LaVal machines are in use than any other make.

There is a reason. Be sure to sec the local De Laval agent and

SEE and TRY a De Larval before you buy any cream separator.





The new 72-page De Laval Dairy Hand Book. in which important dairy questions are

ably discussed by the best authorities. is a book that. every cow owner should have.

Mailed free upon request if you mention this paper. New 1913 De Laval catalog also

mailed upon request. Write to nearest otlice.





THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO.





NEW YORK CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO SEATTLE





 





 





Save Big Money





 

 





0" CREAM Summons?





-—aml Get a Bigger, Better

Machine—Guaranteed a Lifetime





We want to send you our big, new Separator

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ust think of it! A full size 2003b. ca ac' “ ‘ .

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bearings bathed in oil; easy to turn; all can't drip on floor; sturdy frame.





60 Da 3’ FREE Trial





Send for our Free Cata og today. See for yourself the money

you save—see how we gladly put: any stze Maynard on your farm

——let you use it, two whole months—then. if you are not:



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prices over quoted. Sending for boo does not obligate you In any way.





The Charles Wllllam Stores, Inc.





Dept. A17 6 Pine Street, NEW YORK CITY

Quick Shipment from New York, Chicago & Kansas City





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—- SENT 0N TRIAL





jMERlCAN





SE PARATOR ”1





Thousands In use isfaction justifies





our investigating our wonderful offer to

urnish a brand new, well made. easy run-

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Skims one quart of milk a minute, warm or cold. Makes





 





 





 





 





 





arator for only $15.95. . , . .

thick or thin cream. Different from this picture. which illustrates our low priced





large capacity machines. The bowl Is a sanitary marvel and embodies all our





latest improvements.





Our Twenty-Year Guarantee Protects You





Our wonderfully low prices and high quality on all sizes and generous terms of

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and we for yourself what a big money saving proposition we will make you. Address. - ~





AMERICAN SEPARATOR co., Box 1061, Bainbridge, N.





   





 





Please mention the Michigan Farmer when you

are writing to advertisers and you will do us a favor
KEE





They balance perfectly.





Long





 

 

 

 

 





 





Xv. '-





n , ,





zinge-

{1'





 





 

 

 

 





Spring’s Here—

. Spruce Up Your Lawns





It's time to cut the grass around your house and outbuildings—

time to trim and [now and spruce up your lawn and surroundings.

9'". Here are the tools you need—grass scythes, lawn trimmers, lawn

mowers,hay forks, etc—all members of thefamous Keen Kutterfamrly





KUTTER





Garden Tools





You can work faster and easier and longer with Keen Kutter

tools than you can with ordinary kinds, because Keen Kutter

tools are made to work will) the worker—to cut clean.





Keen Kutter quality is backed by the Keen Kutter trade

mark and that is your lasting guarantee of absolute

satisfaction or money back.





"The Recollection of Quality Remains

fter the Price is Forgotten. ”

Trade Mark Registered.





If not at your dealer’s, write us.

SMMONS HARDWARE C0.. Inc.





St. Louis.

Toledo, Minneapolis. Sioux City. Wichita.





Lawn er

o.

Prioo$2.50





 





 

 





 

 

   

 





 





 

   

   

   

 

   

   





—E. C. SIMMONS.





   

   

 

 





New York. Philadelphls.





 

 





 

 





Grass Book





\ name‘s.”

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2a

‘23,,

a (A, 4 '

ff ‘ ’





 





 





 





Save Your





T’S UP TO YOU to say what thresher will thresh your grain this

You worked hard to grow and harVest





z' season. It’s your grain.

it. You pay your thresh bill.



fit that will waste your grain.

[you should have it.





It will do your job quicker.





tlon.





other farmers of Andover. S. Dak., A.

Crawford, Texas, say:

saving and we want no other."





Have your threshing done this year

It will save your titres/z bill.





Nichols & Shepard Co., Battle Creek, Mich.





Builders of Threshing Machinery, Engines and Oil-Gas Tractors





 





You have worked hard for a profit and

You cannot afford to divide it with the straw pile.

Your good business judgment tells you so.





Every bushel that goes into your straw pile is money right out of your

(pocket. You can save the amount of your thresh bill by hiring a





Red River Special





V to do your threshing. It will save more grain for you. It will waste less of your time.

It will clean your grain better.

is the only thresher made which uses the only true and sure method of separa-

It beats the grain out of the straw just like you would do with a pitchtork.



The Big Cylinder, the “Man Behind the Gun," the patented Grate and Check

Plate and the Shakers which toss the straw up and beat it like you do with a

pitchfork, save all the grain for you, whether it be wheat, oats, rye. barley. peas.

rice, alfalfa, timothy, or any other grass seed. _



J. J. Porter and nine other farmers of Geneseo, Kas., Wm. Bronner and four





“The Red River Special does the best work in grain





Write for proof.





Thresh Bill





You cannot afford to hire an out~





It will pay you. It





J. Weber and twelve other farmers of





with a RED RIVER SPECIAL.





 





 





m FREE BOOK 0N





ALI-'ALFA





HOW TO GROW IT ON YOUR LAND





“Alfalfa—Wonder Crop,” is the title of a new book

inst issued by us. It contains a fund of priceless

information on alfalfa growing secured from many

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worth many dollars to the farmer interested in

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Don’t put it off—write for free book today.





GALLOI" Milt-BOW!“ 60.. BOX 8443 WATEllLOO. M.





 





-~ 1918!!!!»-

hr

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will net more money

for you than any other

investment y o u c an

make. 10 bbl. to 400 bbl.

per duly. makers

of app e buttercoolters.

evaporators, etc.





A. B. rnnoum co., um, Box ms. York. 1's.

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This book is ,





 





Fleese mention the I‘Ilchlno Penn-r when:

wrltl-s to advertisers.





 





Mr. Farmer—





Lot this new seed potato be your profit getter;





The Northern Russett,





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READ THIS OFFEltz—We will send you by

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Read this ad. again. It means money to you. Write

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Potato Specialists.





Northern Scott 00., Box 28, Grand Rapids, Mich.





SOY BEANS





We have tested every promising variety of soy

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WING SEED 00., Box I42 Mochanlosburz. Ohlo.





SEE” com—A trio of Reg. Delaine Sheep to

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Jackson 00. WhiteOap at next. ununl corn show.





D. E. TURNER. Mosherville. Michigan.





Vegetable “and Flower Plants





in variety for ardenere and other! All





 





 





 





 





 





 





THE MICHIGAN F'ARMERA





F crtiliZing the Garden.





_or with manure.





 





 





 





We Americans are beginning to give

more attention to the garden—a. fact

largely due to our increasing population,

which makes this adjunct to the farm

and to the city lot of greater commercial

importance and more substantial satis-

faction than it was in the earlier days of

our history. Because of this larger at-

tention which the garden is receiving

more questions are being asked on how

to handle the garden soil, and chief

ameng theSe is the interrogation, “how

shall we fertilize the garden?”



The object to be accomplished is a two-

fold one. In the first place, plant food

must be added and then the soil needs

to be put in condition to deliver this and

other food already there, to the root

system of the crops. In other words. the

object is to bring chemicals together in-

to the great laboratory of the soil where

they are properly prepared and made in

dilute solutions for the plants to assim-

ilate. Both of these aims are important.



The most economic way of securing

this double purpose lies in a combination

of organic and chemical materials in the

soil. By organic materials is meant barn-

yard manure, old sodS, leaf mold, green

manure, etc., and by chemical materials

is understood the commercial fertilizers

of commerce. Students are now general-

ly reCOgnizing the fact that the largest

crop returns are obtained from these

commercial fertilizers when the soils are

supplied with a eonSiderable quantity of

organic matter or humus. The ferment-

ation of this organic material stimulates

chemical activity thereby hastening the

preparation of the foods furnished. by

the chemical fertilizers. for the plants.

Instances have been related where prac-

tically no effect was noted from the ad-

dition of the commercial materials to

the soil, because. as it was believed, of

the scarcity of organic matter. It would

seem, therefore, that for the garden, es-

pecially where intensive methods are

practiced. we should add both organic

and chemical substances for building up

and maintaining the soil.



Sources of Vegetable Matter.





There are a number of ways in which

vegetable matter may be added to our

garden soils and the one to employ is

the one that local conditions make the

most economical. Barnyard manure is,

of COurse, the common source of humus.

and none of this material should be al—

lowed to go to waSte. Because of the

conditions under which garden plants

grow, however, the manure ought to be

comp05ted before it is put on the soil.

Another source of vegetable matter is

leaf mold. This may be gathered from

the woods or parks and composted alone

Old sods may be piled

up and allowed to decay, and when so

handled furnish a valuable supply of

humus. Another way and one that is

gradually growing more popular, and that

promises in the future to be among the

most common sources of humus supply,

is the plan of growing green crops and

then turning them under to incorporate

the vegetable fibre with the earth. Some

one or all of the-Se methods are available

to every gardener and should be given

careful consideration when outlining a

program for fertilizing the garden patch.



Sources of Commercial Fertilizer.



There are three elements that should

be kept in mind when selecting the com-

mercial fertilizers: These elements are

nitrogen. phosphoric acid and potash.

Where large amounts of vegetable matter

are added, a fourth chemical should also

be included and that is lime.



While in field operations we can de-

pend. to a very large degree, upon le-

guminous crops for the addition of nitro-

gen to our soils, in the garden we must

rely more upon the foreign materials ad-

ded. The most common commercial

source of nitrogen is in nitrate of soda

which material can be added to the gar-

den at the rate of 200 to 300 pounds per

acre, preferably applying it in about three

applications at intervals of from three to

six weeks, the first application being

made just previous to planting the seeds.

Other sources of this element are dried

blood and tankage.



PotaSh is needed in more liberal quan—

titles on the garden than for field crops

since it is required in the formation of

leaves, for which many of our garden

crops are grown. Probably the best form

in which the element is obtained is muri-

ate of potash. which is usually applied

at the rate of from 200 to 300 pounds per

acre.





 





. trons.

1 nd 6 . . . .

g “Mfr-O as. rovtvn Prloewhist free £2: J





used, and where wood is burned the





Sulphate of potash may also be’





ashes from the stoves or furnaces make

a cheap yet splendid form of this elee

ment for fertilizing.



The third constituent, phosphoric acid,

is supplied in phosphoric rock and var-

ious forms of bone preparations. These

materials may be applied at the rate of

about 200 to 400 pounds per acre.



' Mixed Fertillers.



On the market there are a number of

mixed fertilizers, especially prepared for

garden purposes. and since the enactment

of laws providing for the inspection of

fertilizers and their strict enforcement

by those having that duty to perform the

general public is protected against sale

of worthless mixtures and can buy such

preparations «safely. Where one has a.

small garden especially, it is more c0n-

venient to use the mixed fertilizers. From

the-analyses on the packages in which

these mixtures are delivered one can de-

termine the quantity of the different ele-

ments added to his soil through their use.



A Specific Example.



Here is how one might proceed to fer-

tilize a quarter acre of ordinary garden

soil where decomposed barnyard manure.

nitrate of soda, and a mixed fertilizer are

available. Six loads of the manure are

spread over the soil and turned under.

Then 300 pounds of a mixed fertilizer

analyzing about four per cent nitrogen,

eight per cent phosphoric acid and 10 per

cent potash are broadcasted on the soil

and thoroughly harrowed in. Then 35

pounds of nitrate of soda are sown on the

soil just before the seeds or plants go in,

{mother application from four , to six

weeks later and perhaps a third around

the middle of July, the second and third

applications being drilled along the rows

of plants and not broadcasted as the

mineral should not come in contact with

the plants.



It may become necessary to overcome

the acid condition resulting from the de-

composition of the organic material in

the soil. This the gardener may do by

the addition of lime, which material com-

bining with the acids forms salts that

are neutral in their effect upon the plants.

Not only does the lime do this, but it has

a tendency to make a clay soil more por-

ous. and, on the other hand, to cement

together sandy soils. ends which work to

the improvement of both types.



By combining the two methods of soil

enrichment here mentioned, we believe

that the highest satisfaction will be se-

cured from the farm garden. since soil so

improved will not only grow the largest

amounts of garden crops, but will be a

large factor in producing these (if the

highest quality. “'ith garden crops con-

tinuous. rapid growth is essential, and

this will be accomplished only when the

land is in such mechanical condition as

to hold a sufficient amount of moisture

and such an abundance of plant food ele-

ments as to amply supply every need of

the growing crops throughout their de-

veloping period.





SPRING STRAWBERRY NOTES.



March 18, the melting of the snow had

progressed sufficiently to permit us to

examine our strawberry plants. Of

course, we knew they were all right, nev—

erthcless, it was impossible to resist the

impulse to go over to the bed and have

a look at them. They were found to be

in as nice a condition as when the mulch

was applied last November. The snow

hud melted from about half the beds,

that portion the least protected by the

woods. The fall of snow was exception-

ally light the past winter. and the length

of the season of snow was short. In the

sheltered place occupied by the plants,

the ground has at no time been bare of

snow, since last December, when it came

for good, but the accumulation was

small; the ground is frozen underneath,

a condition unprecedented in this location.

It is not probable that the plants have

suffered any injury, however, under their





 





covering of straw and leaves, which was





applied in view of just such an emer-

gency, as well as to prevent the greater

injury of “Sugar weather.” The leaves

of the plants still have that same green

freshness of the late autumn. and this

freshness and vigor will be retained till

these old leaves have been replaced by a.





new growth; but from this time till set-





tied weather comes and freezing of the

soil ceases, unprotected strawberry" plants

will be growing less and less vigorous,

and by the time the growth is renewed

only a small portion of their former vigor

will. remain. ’ M. N. EDGERTON.





.

‘n.
7 .

APRIL 12, 1913.





SELECTING VARIETIES OF STRAW-

BE‘RRIES.





 





The strawberry is quite susceptible to.

A variety will be agreat,

success in one kind of soil and apparent- .





soil conditions.





ly be a failure in another.



The short time in which we can get

seedlings to bear and give US results

makes the introduction of new varieties

almost as frequent as the debut of fu-

ture society belles during the social

season.



These two things make it hard for the

grower of strawberries to keep up to

date on the matter of varieties. We have

no means of knowing whether a new

variety which deserves all of the high

praise its originator and introducer gives

it, will be a Success on our place until

we try it. On account of the suscepti-

bility of varieties to soil conditions,

equally good growers of strawberries will

disagree as to which of the standard va-

rieties are the best. So it is hard for

One who is conscientious in the matter

to give advice along this line.



We have found, hOWever, that varie-

’ties may be classified into three types

according to the character of the

growth. These types each have their

soil preferences; ' .



For the lighter strawberry soils noth-

ing will do better than those varieties

which belong to the class of which the

Uncle Jim or Dornan is typical. While

varieties of this type do well on the mod-

erately heavy soils there are none that

will do as well On the light soils as they

will. Varieties of this class have a large

glossy leaf which is quite wrinkly and

is of a mottled green color. The berry

is of irregular wedge-like shape and often





furrowed. It is generally soft and of a

rathcr mild flavor. The plants are good

runner makers.





For the good loamy normal strawberry

soil nothing will do better than the ber-

ries which belong to the class of which

the Senator Dunlap is the leader. Va-

rieties of this class do well on a larger

range of soils than any others, and

therefore- our most popular varieties are

in this class. However, on the light

soils the berries will run small and on

the heavier the plants will go to runners

considerably unless care is taken to keep

them cut back. These varieties gener-

ally have a medium size, of good color

and flavor. The plants are productive.

The old standard Wariield also belongs

to this class as does also the newer va-

riety called the Buster.



For the richer and heavier soils we

have the class to which most all of our

fancy varieties belong. They produce

large plants of dark glossy foliage. The

plants are poor runner makers. The

heavy soil will help them overcome this

difficulty to an extent. The berries are

large, of handsome appearance and of

good quality.



We will find varieties which will be

hard to classify. For such and to de-

termine aceurately what varieties do

well On the soil on which the commercial

patch is to be set a trial bed is of great

help. This should, of course, be on a

soil similar to the one which the large

patch is to be. Twenty-five to 50 plants





THE‘ MICHIGAN FARMER





/

J

j





it"

l





 





By R. E. Olds, Designer





use 190 to avoid the risk of flaws.

We use a $75 magneto, big brakes

and Springs,'a doubly heated car—

buretor, a centrifugal pump. And

not an engine goes out until 48

hours have been spent in five rad-

ical tests.





Reo the Fifth, without these ex-

tremes, would cost in the building

$200 less. But in the next five

years repairs and upkeep would

cost you several times that much.





I Know





These are things I know. I

have learned them from tens of

thousands of cars in my 26 years

of car building.





After 26 years of ex-

perience, I tell you a car

for the average road

ought to be built like this.





' 7





Overcapacity





The builder must know the

needed strength. Then he must

add at least 50 per cent, as we do

in this Reo the Fifth.





He must know his steel—have it

made to his formula. Then

analyze it twice to make sure of it.





He can’t test gears with a ham-

mer. He must, as we do, use a

crushing machine of 50 tons’ ca-





pacity. ‘

These extra precautions cost





this concern two million dollars

per year. We are not spending

that without knowing the need of

them. '





Not Enough





Tires are expensive. But over-

size tires are essential to low up-

keep. We use 34x4.





Roller bcarings cost five times

as much as common ball bearings

cost. But the right car must have

them. In Reo the Fifth we use

15, eleven of which are Timkens.





We save by efficiency—by build-

ing all our own parts. We save

20 per cent by building only one

model. Then we spend all those

savings on hidden parts. To give

you a car which, year after year,

will serve you as well as when

new.





Drop forgings are costly, but we





R. M. Owen & Co., General Sales Agents for Reo Motor Car Co., Lansing, Mich.





Canadian F actory, St. Catharines, Ont.





30-35

Horsepower

Wheel Base-

1 12 inches

Tires-

34 x 4 inche. ‘

Center

Control

15 Roller

Bearing:

Demountable

'ms

Three Electric

Light;

190 Drop

Forgings

Made with

5 and 2

Passenger

odies





 





 





of each kind to be tried out is all that,





is necessary for such a patch. As new‘

varieties appear they can be bought in

small quantities and tried out. If they





do well enough plants for setting in the

large patch to make a good start can be

dug from the- trial patch. In this way an

economical start can be made in new

varieties which are always high-priced.

Van Buren Co. F. A. WILKEN.





ABOUT—THE SPRAY NOZZLE.





 





Each year fruit growers are acquiring

a little more knowledge on what the re-

quirements of a good spray nozzle and

its appurtenances should be. The nozzle

should give a fine, well-distributed spray

for most of the work but, for example,

after the blossoms are fallen and we

wish to drive the spray solution into the

calyx end of the fruit, a coarser spray is

necessary. To fit this dual purpose var-

iable nozzles are most desirable. They

can be changed quickly to meet the need,

enabling one to cover the lower branches

with a mist spray and then to change to

a coarse spray that will reach tall

branches. A nozzle will do its best work

when the solution is forced through at

about 200 lbs. pressure. Spray rods from

four to eight feet long are becoming pop-

ular, the longer ones are being abandon—

ed by the most careful men. It has been

learned that the-average man will get as

close to his work with the shorter rod

'as he will with the longer one and do it

easier; -





 





 





 





Rough-Road





 





 

 





Top and windshield not included in price. We equip this car with mohair top. side curtains and slip cover. windshield.

gas tank for headlights. speedometer, self-starter. extra rim and brackets—all for $100 extra (list price $170).

(Gray & Davis Electric Lighting and Starting System at an extra price. if wanted.)





   

 





Q





Look below the frills when you

buy a car. All modern cars are

attractive. Find out what the

maker hides.



A one-summer car is built very

differently from a car that is built

for keeps. If you want an honest

car—a car that endures—watch

these inner features.





N ‘ew Control





Reo the Fifth has our new con-

trol. All the gear shifting is done

with one center rod, entirely out

of the way. It is done by moving

this rod only three inches in each





of four directions.





There are no levers to clog the

way of the driver. Both brakes

are operated by foot pedals. And

this car, like all the leading cars,

has the left side drive.





A 17-coated body, nickel trim-

lights, genuine

leather—all the luxury you want.





mings, electric





 





Write for our catalog and we

will direct you to the nearest Reo

showroom. They are everywhere.





Rea the Fifth





The 1913 Series





 





 





 





 





7 ‘,‘_3\\\'.\\\ir‘uQP

it"





HERE IS YOUR OPPORTUNITY



To Buy the Famous Kelly unlity



Peach and Apple Trees at low rices.

In order to introduce Kelly Quality to growers in all sections of the country, we make very

special] prices on all orders for Peach and Apple Trees received immediately. This will give every

fruit grower in the land a. chance tofind out for himself that Kelly Quality is real Quality; that,

Kelly Varieties are Money Makers. Write at once for catalogue and take advantage of this offer. .





KELLY BROS. NURSERIES 59 MAIN STREET, DANSVILLE, N.Y.

You‘ll Never Regret Planting Kelly Trees.





 





 





PEAGH & APPSLEWJMREESsilliiiflgi





Raspberry Plan“: #53685... VI. A. ALLEN & SONS, 0......





BIG 3““ noox FREE GRAPE VINES





Just out. Contains _

Gooseberrles and Curl-Into. Best varieties Send [or





92 pages of valuable and useful information with d finest grade of stock Guaranteed true FR EE

. . ‘ an . -

prices on implements and ALL KINDS OF SEEDS Prepared to meet the demands of large and BOO K





including Alslke, Alfalfa. Crimson, White. Red and small rowers and countr estates. Largest

Sweet Clover; Timothy. Grass and Field Seeds). Ba!" growegs of grape vines and, small fruits in the country.

ley. Seed'Oats. Seed Corn. and! a complete line of '1‘. S. HUBBARD 00., Box 41.. Fredonia, N. Y.

Vegetable and Garden Seeds. Simply send your

name and address on a postal to





THE HENRY PHILIPPS SEED 8- IM-

PLEMENT 00., Dept. G.Tolodo, Ohio





wants. Catalog free.





 





 





v—IOO varieties—82 per 1000.

SlI‘anlefl'Y Plants Early and late seed pota-

toes. asparagus roots. All asgood as grow—at bargains.

Catalog free. J. G. PRE TAGE. Allegan, Mich,





BEE SUPPLIES and BERRY BASKETS





 





Bee-Hives, Sections. Foundn- Berry Baskets and 16 qt. "half

tion. Smokers. etc. Beeswax board Crates. the best. yet. Hot-

wanted. Sand for fully illustrat- Bed Sash ma 9 of cypress. Send





ed catalog. for bucket catalog.

M. H. HUNT O- SON. 400 Condlt 8h. BANSING. MIG".





   





 





 





 





of Vegetable

Seeds





Get this for your kitchen

garden. For 16c pastpaid. Worth 35c.

Sure to please. 1 package each :

Cabbage C t Cucumber

Lettuce Radial:

Above collection and six big pack- 25c

ages of choice flower seeds ......

2 packages in all.

or send 300 and we fltld the wonderful New

Earlirst Red Riding Hood Tomato—alone sells

at 15c. Catalog and Premium List. FREE.

I , ~ 2‘ John A. Salzer Seed 60.. 13580.8": Si..taCrosso,WIs.





FOR SALE.





gamma? Rat! iClofiex; Seed. true to name.



reen 01111 a n o atoes. re tbl’



131:1ch Victor Oats. a great. feigedian 0133:.“ resistors.

Wins 8 White Cap Corn. thoroughly acclimated.



flradried. COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersvllle. Mich





F WE CAN'T SAVE YOU MONEY. d ’

send for our Catalogue and see. Anglet TtigéabS‘ht

Peach 30, Cherry 8c. Pear 150 and up. All kinds;

of“ Slagggg'grgis,L erry plantahfloses Privet. etc.'

emon an t. t. b f

order. ERNST NURSEPFIES. B0? 2. Edadscolis? cilia):





"Al’s—Reg. Swedish Select and Im

best yielders. Also SEED CO



Clover. Timothy and GARDEN SEE



catalog free.





 





 





. American. Two

£1.8th Policemena

THEO. BURT c SON, Melifiigfigli‘ii).





EGENERATED Swedish Sale is R

R 750 bu. Fine yellow dent. seed3 coiget‘Znhiipnfiagg

JOHN LOHMAN, Sn, Hamilton. Michigan.





EED CORN—Early white cap dent. E d i d ' I

over 100 bus. to acre. 81 per bus. on engorxdgr bill-81y?

DR. . S. LAYTON. Ypsilanti. Michigan





Free.





4
: fire protection. leak-proof Building Papers are built isascientific product which

E and longiived. Anyone can into walls and fidors. the takes the place of lath and

g iaythem. NEPnNSETParoid building willbe warmer. will plaster; comes in sheets 32

E Roofing is for general use. cost less to heat and will inches wide. Remember. it

E NEPUNSET Prosiate Roof— last years longer. Recom- is the only wall board with

5 ing is an ornamental roof- mended by architects. engi- waterproofedsurfacesthatre-

5 ing for dwellings. Attractive peers and building owners quires no further decoration.

g colors. everywhere. Anyone can put it up.

E Are you going to build? Write for valuable information about modern ways to waterproof

E and weatherproof. Send for samples, free booklet and name of nearest NEPDNSET denier.

BIRD & SON (535' 9 651 Neponset St., E. Walpole, Mass.

[F . W'. BIRD & SON] Row York Chicago Washington Portland, Ore.

San Francisco Canadian Plant: Hamilton, Ont.

lllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllIlllllllllilllllllllllllilllllllilllllllmlllllllllllllllililliliiilllllllllllIllllllllllllllllliillllillllllllllllll





   





 





   





 





Buy Roofing

For What It Protects





 

   





é ' Let’s have a little cold-blooded reasoning. You’ve got

- several thousand dollars’ worth of perishable property under

E cover. A little dampness—a trickle of rain—might cost you

5 more than the price of a dozen roofs. Same next year. In 20 years one

E good roof will protect a fortune. In one year a poor roof may destroy it.

E Now—can a roof be too good? Is it a thing to bargain about—to

E buy with narrow-minded economy? .



When you can secure for only a little more the absolute protection

5 —the posxtive insurance—which NEPDNSET Paroid Roofing gives, can

5 you afford to experiment with cheap, bargain roofings P

E

=

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a

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E

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5:”.

E





 

 





NEPDNSET





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Waterproof Building Products E:

Wall Board g

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NEPnNSET Wall Board





Building Papers

If NEPUNSET Waterproof





Roofingo

NEPDNSET roofings are a





 





 





THE MICHIGAN ‘FARMER ’

Essential Factors in the Breeding Herd. '





money from herds of registered

breeding swine. One, the men who

are gifted with the natural ability to se-

lect breeding stock and look after every

detail that will add to the welfare of the

animals—the other, the men with the de-

termination to study and labor until they

acquire knowledge and understanding of

the business.



How to secure and control excellent

types is a problem. Many of the best

herds. created by genius, have passed

into oblivion through the inability of their

owners to hold them up to the _high

standard that had been attained. “’hen

the herd approaches perfection the great-

est care and skill are required, for hav-

ing reached this point there is always a

tendency to degenerate. Many of the

most skillful breeders of swine have been

deceived by certain crosses, and it re-

quires study and observation to detect

any error in time to prevent its extend—

ing. Whether this tendency is due to

the attainment of the breeder’s ideal and

then a relapse, or to the exhaustion of

the animal due to inadequate feeding,

bad breeding or unfavorable environment

is an intricate question. ~



ngh Ideals Essential.



During the past three years it has

been my privilege to visit a number of

the leading breeders of swine and to

make a study of the blood lines of the

best animals. In discussing the various

phases of breeding with these men I

find that they all have high ideals in

their minds of animals superior to ones

that they now have in their herds. The

men who are the most successful are the

ones who have the highest ideals of ani-

mal form which they are trying to pro-

duce in their matings. Without such an

ideal they could not have made progress.

The ideal comes before the real. The

plan of building is in the builder's mind

and drawn out on paper before the build-

ing is commenced. The man is always

greater than any of his works, and he

must have clearly defined in his mind

the thing to do before he can work to

any good purpose. If a breeder does not

have in his mind what an ideal animal

is, he will secure it only by accident.

It requires thought and study to bring

about the desired results in.breeding.

Coupled with all this, there must be a

natural love for the work, for unless 8.





TWO classes of men are making





 





 





FLE El





RETURN APRON ENDLESS APRON

AND LOW DOWN





     

 

 





 





a boy can

run them.

Apron works

over chilled roll-





euod, runs in oil; ere. Wide sent,

wood or steel wheels. comfortable foot rest.





Appleton Manure Spreaders always give long service; spread even,

pull easy; because they are perfectly designed and honestly con-

structed. An Appleton Manure Spreader is a profitable machine

for you to buy. its use keeps your land healthy and in highest pro-





   

 





 

 





tumour".-

and worm gear

apron drivo,en-





 

 

   





 

 

   





 





 

   

 





 

 





man has a natural love for the helpless

creatures which an all-wise Providence

has placed under his care. no matter

how perfect they may appear, he regards

them as merely a commodity to be re—

produced or bought and’ sold in the open

market.

The Importance of Good Slres.



High-class breeding boars are essential

in building up a herd of registered swine.

Much of the success attained by many

breeders can be traced directly to some

famous sire. One of the most famous

breeders of Berkshire swine living today

is known by the animals which he has

bred and shown from one great breeding

boar. The boar himself was famous as

a show animal and his pigs and descend-

ants have been prominent in every lead-

ing show on this side of the Atlantic for

the past twenty years or more. If a

breeding boar is found that meets the

requirements for mating with the sows





 





, ductive condition—that means paying crops. Write today for F lee

« Catalog illustrating and describing our l0 styles.





   





in his herd he should be retained as

long as his pigs are desirable.





 





   

 





A complete line of machines in stock in your territory.





APPLETON MANUFACTURING C0., 220 Fargo St., Batavia,





   

 

 





Ill.





 





 





Hy-Rib Concrete Silos





Economical in material and labor cost. absolutely waterproof. amply

reinforced against every strain, Hy-Rib Silos answer all your require—

ments. No forms required—you can easily erect your own _5110. In

general use for years Without a single failure.



A Fly-Rib Silo, 14 x 30 ft... including foundation, walls and roof

requires 40 bbls. of cement and is yards of sand} and gravel; can be

erected in ten days. Lasts indefinitely.



For barns. houses, sheds. tanks and all other farm structures Hy-Rib

makes rigid concrete walls, roofs. partitions. etc.. without the use of forms.





Complete Silo Catalog Free.

' Contains useful information. illustrations, testi-

. monials, etc—also examples of other farm build-

fjngs. Tell us what you plan to build and receive .

this valuable book. free, postpaid. Write today





TRUSSED CONCRETE STEEL CO.

883 Truoood Conoroto Bum. Detroit. Mich.





mun MONEY'lli 5%





if invested with this Society. Interest paid

semi-annually. Let us have your name and

address and we will tell you of the advan-

tages offered by this Society which has been

doing business for over twenty years.





 

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 





 

 

 





   





KAHN

Building

Products





 





 

 

   





dfifidfidfidd





   

 





 





Pump Grind Saw

,_ no: iron HARD usn



Wood Hills are But

Elf-es are Simple

Food Grinders. Sow

Prunes. Stool Tub





CATALOGUE. FBI!

ARIN“ \VAK'I'ID





Pubwiflllll





 





   





 





 





The Industrial Savings Society,’ “l1: 231.519“.

219 Hammond Bld¢.. Detroit. Mich. “I'M lid.





 





Small Breeders Should Buy Tried Sires.



Men with small herds must work to a

disadvantage because they are compelled

1:0 buy fresh blood more frequently than

those who are carrying on two or more

lines of breeding and who have the nec-

essary number of breeding animals re-

quired to neutralize fresh blood before it

is introduced into certain families of the

herd. Such men would obtain surer re-

sults by buying some boar that had been

used in another herd until he had prov-

en his ability to produce the right type

of pigs when mated with good sows. In

this way a man is able to see from a

boar’s offspring what kind of a breeder

he is and to judge accordingly whether

he is a desirable animal to use in his

own herd. The practice of buying un-

tried sires and placing them at the head

of a herd of a few sows cannot be too

strongly condemned.



ngld Selection of Sows Necessary.



A rigid system of selection should be

practiced among the sows. Many sows

are unfltted, either from lack of size.

from faulty conformation or from lack of

vigor and constitution to be retained for

breeding purposes. The selection ought

to be enforced with equal rigidity. either





 





I. BOY WATIBBURY, Pros. AUSTIN N. KIKHIS. Soc].

\





APRIL 12. 1913.





in selecting sows from within the herd

for breeders or buying them from other

breeders. Inferior sows constantly pull

down the average of the herd. The herd

can not be built up to a high standard

unless none but the best animals are

kept for breeders. It is a mistake to try

and build up the herd in number and sac-

rifice quality. Real progress begins when

every animal that is to be retained for

breeding purposes is required to pass a

critical examination.

Good Feeding as Important as Good

Breedlng.





Good feeding is necessary to insure

success with a herd of pure-bred swine._

Heredity is a peculiar force. We can

use it to do some things, we can head it

off toprevent it doing other things we

do not want, and frequently it does





,things that no one can account for. Much





that appeals to the eye is caused by

what goes in at the mouth. Good breed—

ers who have made a success are good

feeders. Feed is not all for there are

many hogs that would not make desir-

able breeding animals under any system

of feeding. It is the writer's opinion

that food has been fully as important as

blood in the development of the best

herds of swine. Unless a young animal

is well cared for and properly fed its

good qualities are never developed. Un-

less the animals are properly developed,

systematic selection is almost impossible.





Housing and Exercise.



Sunshine and outdoor exercise are the

indispensable rights of animals of all

kinds. Poorly ventilated hog houses and

lack of exercise Soon result in sickly,

weak constitutioned breeding animals.

Pigs should be allowed to‘rustle some so

that they may develop stamina and trait

of character. But this does not mean to

compel them to endure exposure and neg—

lect. It is better to avoid extremes in

either direction. Good warm houses and

plenty of exercise when the weather is

favorable are what is needed to build

up that superb vigor so characteristic of

the best class of breeding swine. Success

and fame are reached only through

breeding a class of animals that‘ possess

individual merit which differentiates them

from the great maSs of animals of the

breed to which they belong.



New York. W. MILTON KELLY. é





FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS.





 





Grain Ration for Fattening Ewes on 1

Pasture.





V‘tht grain or grains would you advise

our feeding to finish ewes on blue grass

pasture? These ewes iambed in January

and February, will wean their lambs by

the middle of May on dry feed, and will

be turned on blue grass pasture about

that time. “'e expect to shear them on

pasture about the first of June. and

then we expect to feed them grain, we

had thought once a day, probably in the

evening. TheSe are western ewes and

weigh from 80 to 90 lbs. “That grain

would you feed? How much 'to a feed-

ing? “Vould you advise once a day and

in the evening? We have but a very

little corn, and are offered cull beans at

very attractive prices ($15 per ton). We

have on hand a quantity of Old Process

oil meal that cost us $31 per ton. This

matter is of considerable importance to

us as we are thinking of finishing some

1.200 ewes in this manner. What ration

of beans would you advise feeding dry

ewes, same kind and weight as above,

together with clover hay and corn silage

containing a goodly quantity of corn?

\X'e have some oats, bran and oil meal

that we might work in with this feed.

“'e wish to finish a car load of these

dry ewes at once for the market.



Osceola Co. E. M. P.



Under present economic conditions it

will doubtless pay to feed these ewes a.

grain ration on blue grass pasture, since

grain is now comparatively cheap. Ex-

periments have determined that the cost

of gain in sheep is about 47 per cent

greater than for lambs and as the price

of the finished product: is also lower it

will not pay to put as much high-priced

grain feed into finishing this class of

mutton as is the case where feeding

lambs. It would be better to keep these

ewes on dry feed after the lambs are

weaned until their milk flow has been

dried up before turning them to pasture.

The grain ration which should be fed

should be lessened at that time and grad-

ually increased on the pasture, say from

about one-quarter of a pound of grain

per day to about three-quarters of a.

pound per head per day, or possibly a.

little more at the finish of the feeding

season if a good finish is desired. al-

though if the blue grass pasture is plen-

tiful it will be more economical to length-

en the feeding period and secure a. great-
' APRIL "‘5‘, 1913.





MAKING PORK CHEAPLY.

(Continued from first page).

that has the sweet flavor that gratifies

the taste.



As to the profits, we have reason to be-

lieve that there never has been a time

before when the margins of profits from

feeding were as large as at the present

time. At the present market prices for

feeds, and the prevailing prices for hogs,

if good judgment is' used in feeding, it

is safe to calculate on a 100 per cent

profit on the outlay for feeds. It is worth

the while to give the pigs a good deal of

consideration, and bestow upon them all





er proportion of the gain from‘ this nu-

tritious feed.



As to the kind, of grain to feed, the

cheapest grain which will give the de-

sired results is, of course, the best. The

writer’s experience, however, does not

favor an exclusive ration of cull beans

for sheep on pasture. In one case

where a, rather poor quality of cull beans

v are fed at the rate of about one-half

Mind per day per head, to sheep of

bout the size mentioned in this inquiry,

rather frequent attacks of stretches were

noted among individuals in the flock, as

is quite apt to be the case when badly





 





cured grain or even forage is fed to the attention and care that will be nec-

sheep. With a better quality of cull essary to secure the best' results from

beans this difficulty might not be en-g them.



countered, but even at $15 per ton for Wayne Co. N. A. CLAPP.

beans it is the writer’s opinion that it ——





LIVE STOCK NEWS.





The Cloverland Cattle Congress was re-

cently organized at Marquette, with the

following officers: President, A. T. Rob-

erts; secretary, John D. Mangum; treas-

urer, B. W. \Vright. Vice-presidents

from each of the counties of the upper

peninsula will be chosen later. The con-

gress will hold its first exhibition in con-

junction with the county fair in Mar-

quette, Sept. 2-5, and if successful w111

continue its shows in different counties.

Prizes will be offered to exhibitors from

all sections. The congress is one of the

firSt movements to be launched. in ac—

cordance with a resolution adopted by

the Upper Peninsula Development Bu-

reau, the purpose of which is to encour-

age the holding of cattle shows in con-

nection with county fairs.



The third annual horse show held at

St. Louis, Mich., under the direction of

Dr. D. T. Kemp, Roy Caywood and John

Stewart, was a success the display/prov-

ing that Grat‘iot county has many fine

animals. I’ercherons were exhibited by

the following owners: Roy‘Caywood, Os—

car Wolf, Vern Colburn, George Boyer,

George Cummings, Orlo Simmons, George





would be profitable to mix them with at

least an equal amount of corn, since at

present prices the corn should not exceed

$20 per ton delivered at Michigan points.





So far as the protein feeds mentioned

are concerned, such as oil meal and bran,

it would not be economical to use these

feeds for feeding sheep of this age on

pasture, for the reason that less protein

is required in the ration for sheep of this

age than is the case with lambs. These

sheep have already gotten their growth,

frame and muscle, and the gains must

be largely made up of fat added to the

carcass, hence it is not necessary to feed

for muscle and bone development as is

the case with growing lambs, and a ra-

tion much wider in its nutritive ratio can

be profitably used.





As to the number of feeds of grain per

day, if it is desired to finish them on the

minimum amount of grain, one feeding

per day would probably be the most prof-

itable when the labor of feeding is con- £13211}; Sti‘lilheangil‘bIaTKS and ,leflek

.~ .- o s . ' e y escae owners we :

S“"”“‘ If more g‘am than the amount s E. Gould and Mr. Davidson. Belgian

suggested is fed, however, it would DFO'D- horses were shown by \Villis Smock, Os-

ably be better to divide it into two feeds. car \Volf, Frank Frisbie and Robert So-

‘ val. About 30 fine carriage horses were

also displayed. The parade started at

1:30 p. m. and was led by the city band.

All the horses were gaily decorated and

made a fine showing. .



The situation in the cattle markets of

the country is so mixed that many stock-

men are ill doubt as to what course to

pursue in regard to preparing cattle for

the future market, and many farmers





 





In compounding the grain ration for

ewes of this class when being fed a

roughage ration of corn silage and clover

hay, a larger percentage of cull beans

could be safely used. and by way of

variety some of the oats which are men-

tioned as available might profitably be





/

/’





”'I'HE-’M*I€"H"IGAN FARMER





 





\lllh

.





.i'll'. .

“ill/i“;-

"will"

if!

”I'll ll

I l‘ h I!

/ at“ {'1’





SI





W" An Indiana Silo will pay you one hundred

per cent. interest every year, without risk or





 





9—465





711's bank/vary;



[00% interest

' :s and insures,

year/hreslmmf





Your savings bank ‘pays three or four per

cent. interest per year on time deposits and

taxes amount to half as much as interest.





 

   

 

 





_ gamble. Our easy buying plan permits you

to apply this interest to payment for the





 





 

 

 

 





silo. The





 





I”





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





*:“lll:;.."





'lll'lllylllii‘lii?‘i\l ‘ u

. IKI'KNJAU , ‘

iii/ll

till I





It

// M,

\l ‘H





\





Mflm ,





figg





lNgifih/K





not only pays the biggest dividend but it

gives you free insurance for your live stock

‘ and feed. When pastures dry up beneath

the August sun and when winter snows cover

the meadows, the Indiana Silo insures you'

a great reserve of fresh succulent silage to

, draw upon. This is more valuable than

money in the savings ‘bank because every

day is dividend day. What you take out of

'. the Indiana Silo in the morning you get

back with interest in the evening milk pails.

Your hens reward you with abundance of





 

 

 





 





cali





 





RITE tod





our catalogue and

a free copy of the

book “Silo Profits,”

which is the story of the

Indiana Silo as written by

scores of owners of In-

diana Silos.

for the name of our rep-

resentative in your 10-





And





ty.





“You buy an Indiana Silo-

but it pays for itself.”





eggs and your steers take on weight at a

minimum of cost. Your hogs grow fat

while your neighbors are shipping half fin-

ished pork to market because of lack of

proper feed. '





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





ay for





If you want quick returns on a small in-

vestment with no risk, no worry and no dan-

ger of missing a dividend, order an Indiana

Silo today. W'e will make delivery to suit

your; convenience.





THE INDIANA SILO COMPANY





Factories:





Anderson, Ind. Des Moines. In. Kansas City, M0.

382 Union Bldg. 382 Indiana. Bldg. 382.5ilo Bldg.





ask us





 





 





 





 

 





 

 





 





mixed with the beans, but for the reas-

ons above mentioned it is questionable

whether it would be profitable to add

bran and oil meal to this ration, with the

clover hay and beans, which contain

sufficient protein to make a sufficicntly

well balanced ration for the fattening of

this class of sheep.

Causes of Abortion

Can you tell me what is the cause of

ewes losing their lambs before time? Is

it the feed? I am feeding bean pods and

corn in the bundle. The corn was soft

so I did not husk it, but fed it all to-

gether. Some of it molded a little in the

stack. What should I feed with bean

pods to make a balanced ration? My

sheep are in good flesh.

Sanilac CO. D. W. P.





have thus far failed to refill their feed

lots. Others have purchased more or less

freely, but a majority have not secured

nearly as many cattle for fattening as

in former years, ,this being due ill great

part to the lack of anything like normal

offerings in the Chicago and Missouri

river markets. It could hardly be ex—

pected that at such a time as this, when

finished beef cattle are bringing unprece-

dentedly high prices and feed of all kinds

is unusually plentiful and cheap, the av-

crage farmer would care to sell off his

stock only partly finished, and the only

Strange thing is that there are as many

stockers and feeders offered as there have

been. And when there are any heavy

feeders of decent quality on the market

the chances are strong that the packers

will pursue their usual policy of securing

them by outbidding country buyers. Look-

ing at the whole matter from the stand-





in Ewes.





Abortion in ewes may be caused by ppint of the aVerage farmer, who has

. . y p enty of feed and no cattle, it would

moldy feed, and in this case the molded seem that the right course of action





corn may have been the exciting cause.

Also, some breeders have had trouble

with weak lambs from feeding an ex-

cessive amount of bean pods in the ra-

tion, although we have never heard of

abortion reSulting from this cause. A

far more fruitful cause of abortion is to

be found in improperly arranged stables.





would be to take advantage of the weak

spots in the stocker and feeder market

and to place buying orders with a first-

class live stock commission firm in one

of the leading markets of the country.

The biggest crop of corn ever grown left

ill the fields the greatest. amount of

roughage farmers ever owned, and it

cured ill excellent shape, so that steers

which cost at the start as feeders from





It’s the





,nol.





 





 





Don’ labor with hand shears

way. Don’t have aching. swollen wrists. Don’t scar

and diaflgure your sheep with uneven shearing and

spoil the wool with second cuts.

omoothly and qulokly in one unbroken hlonllot with a





Stewart No. 9 Ball Bearing

Machine





operated sheorln machine

over devised. Hos ball bearings In every pcort where

friction or wear occurs. Has a

head of the latest

Complete, including four combs and tour cutters

ot the celebrated Stewart quality $11.50. an In!

Iro- yoor duly. or: send ”and we will ship 0.0.D. for

balance. Sunken-n Gunmen. Catalogue of Sheep

Shearing and Horse Clipping Machines FREE.

CHICAGO FLEXIBLE SHAFT co.





Shearln





most perfect hon





impro





oSollo Avo.





 





ondjot longer. hotter wool that "



wull bring tho highest price. '

Youconeosily not from 15o to 20° more on



sheep you shear with 3 Stewart No. 9 Moehlno.





 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





ll PAYS lo'OGLIP





Homes. Mules and Down. They ore

healthier and render better service.

When the heavy coat that holds

the wet sweat and dirt is removed,

they are more easily kept clean.

look better, get more good from

their feed and are better in every

way. The best and most generally

used clipper ls the





Slewafl Ball Bearing

Clipping Machine





It turns easier, clips foster and

closer and stays sharp longer than

any other. Gears are all file hard

and cut from solid steel bar. They

are enclosed. protected and run in

oil:llttle friction

little wear. H as

six feet of

. new style

easy run-

ning flex-

ible shaft





   

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

   





 





' ool





 

   





 

   

 

 

 





 

 

 

   

 

 





 

 

 





. in the old, hord,swea.ty





 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 





 

 





Take off the fleece





 

   

   

   

   





 

 

   





ball bearing shearing .

ved Stewart pattern.





   

 

 





 





 

   

   

   

 

 

 





CHICAGO. ILL-





 





$7Gn7.50 per 100 lbs, have since then

eaten a big cut into their cost. Lower

corn prices at the elevators as compared

with last year have made the disposition

of the farmer’s corn crop by the way of





\Vhere the sheep are obliged to jump

over a high sill in getting in and out of

the stable, or where the door into the

stable is a narrow one, so that the ewes





are crowded against the sides in the rush Itghe c'attlehrolute a mugh surer means of

.7 , ringing lgl prices Or the corn, and

to get thFOllgll 1‘, abortion may become the farmers who have had droves of





quite general in the flock from these thrifty young hogs feeding behind the





causes. In this case it would be wise to Icatttlle hav?1 lnagc lots of money. Recent-

. , . . and y .lere_ as cell quite a demand for

discontlnue feeding the moldy c01n chmce light-weight stockers at high





substitute some oats for grain if avail-

able, ora mixture of corn and bran, which

will make a very suitable ration with

bean pods and hay or good corn fodder

for roughage.



The Cheapest Grain Ration for Horses.





Kindly advise me as to the most eco-

nomical horse feed to purchase this





Clay, Robinson & Co. Say in their week-

ly Live Stock Report: “’Jfaking lndiana,

Ohio and Michigan as a whole, there are

as many pigs as one year ago,” according

to our hog salesman at EaSt Buffalo.

“The supply of brood SOWs is normal. It

is true that in some sections hogs have

been practically cleaned up by disease,

but in other sections there is enough in- .

crease to offset this. I never saw such a





 





 

 





is the





the liver





or write us





prgfigAnimal Regulator





Sprains, bruises, stiff





muscles, are quickIfo’flflg‘Liniment The best family liniment.





cured by applying



“Your money back if it fails.’

PRATT FOOD COMPANY, Philadelphia, Chicago

h





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





   





time to give your horses, cattle, sheep and hogs





It promotes digestion,



' . and so saves feed; keeps



and bowels active; insures health, and increases profits

25C, 50C, $1; 25-11) Pail, $3.50





   

 





 





   

 





ood for man and beast

Booklet FREE at dealers,





   





.259, §0cL$l





 

 





   





   





 





 





 





scramble for shoats ill the country as

now. Most owners are reluctant to part

with their young swine. I know of some

sales of shoats‘at $96010. Unless the un-

foreseen happens, there will be no liqui—

dation of either pigs or shoats in the

east. There is plenty of corn and own-

ers are confident that prices for hogs will

stay high. This will be a hog-making

season. East Buffalo should be getting

fairly good runs of hogs around May 1.

The supply of cattle, both thin and fat,

is the smallest in many years. Reflecting

the big decrease in the supply of sheep

and lambs in the east, is a falling off of

around 300 double decks a month at

East Buffalo from one year ago. And

last year was featured by light supplies

of ovine stock.”



The season is close at hand when the

dairy sections of the middle west will

market their spring calves in liberal





spring to feed with mixed hay as rough-

age. Also how to keep ground feed in

ton lots. I haVe lost some every year

from mold or heating and am afraid to

purchase in quantities.



Grand Traverse Co. N_ S. P.





At present prices for corn and oats it

is doubtful if one can compound an effi-

cient ration more cheaply than by the

mixing of these grains with the addition

of a small amount of oil meal to feed in

connection with mixed hay.





Where one has trouble with ground feed

heating, this difficulty will be obviated

by putting it in a large bin or spreading

it over the floor where there will not be

so great a bulk of it together, and stir-

ring it over with a shovel should indica-





 

 





 





 

 

 

 





irom us.





needn’t too





[A





   

 

   





L' ,MUT AL CA





 





tions of heating be found.





   





numbers.





 





You take no risk when

We guarantee it to please you.

value (or your money than you can get anywhere else, or you ' -..

8. [11. Natl. Bank, EastSt. Louis,lll. “; .

Mutual Buggies, Surreyg. Wagong' etc., are Kt, .

Ieatquality.hondoomelt.mostntyiiahvehicles





p it. Reference,-





tho his





 

 

 

 

 





 





4 a only





.1 \ direct





$100.00. Wt!





 

 





er: lli best quality;





at wholesale prices—end save you $25.00 to





MUTUAL HARNESS It $5.85 or set ' d bl

$14.10 up; work harness $19. up.pnll zcn‘il‘irie locum:





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





you buy a buggy .





and to be a bigger





 

 





 





   

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





   

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 





   

 

 

   





I ..\ , "$52. f“:‘

WW" 'fl\\‘7(’

Wk “an





L 44

SENT ON APPROVAL.

FullyGuor-nleed 25 to 50% Cheaper than W

RRIAGE G HARNESS MFG. . no.0: . roe. Write today.

or Slnllon 51D. I32 N. Wabash Ave.. Clfigidjifiuonflp 3' St. hm" Ill.





 

 





 





   

 





 

 

 





lino guaranteed 5 years. We sell

to for catalog and delivered prices.
466—10 . :4 ‘





TH E' M- I C III on N~~"~*F~A RM E is ~





w; ‘ ,.~;.;‘ gin—Rm 13.1913.-





 





: o. While in hams-Yrirmud' can. but

BRUCE w. BR WN. mpg: n’. go. apeMayvilIe. Mich.





Indian Iiunnor Duck [3 *tnavgmlgprsaggk'

.33e 82.76.44e so. . Satisfaction uaranteed?

| n‘lfimy BENING. Elkhart. ndlana.





ARRED BOOKS. S. 0. Reds. We still have a few

cod Red ckerels for sale at 82 a iece. Efis for

bungling. OS RANDER BROS. orley. lch.





CHlCKs—We ship thousands. diiferent varieties.

prices rfilt. New booklet Just out. free,

FBEEPORT EATC RY. Box 12. Freeport. Mich_





-Bui’t Plymouth Rock E ..

For sale Great lasyii‘ihg. grim-winning stggiBn.

MRS. H. WILL IHARBI . il bank. Adrian. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





Tile Your Farm





with a Cyclone Tile Ditching Machine and

end your ditching troubles at once. When

you’re through with the work on your land

on can earn many dollars by cutting ditches

or your neighbors. The -





yclOpe





PRIZE WINNING PARTBIDGE WYANDOTTES.

Stock for sale. Eg $1.25 er 15. 8'! or 100,

o. B. HAMILTON. ii. 530. '





oocxsnns FIIII SALE—iv‘i’ft. insurance

Wyandottes 81 each. Also e for hatchingflfl for 15.

84 per 1(0. 0. D. STUAB . Riverside. iohigan.





CRYSTAL WHITE ORPINGTON r





——15. r d . d . .

$538 11838??? in‘éedi'egi'i‘aifinifltfigdm. high.

EGGS BARRED ROCKS—dirt: ‘g‘ieEEiE‘LE-‘ii

W. o. OOFFMAN. s. No. 6. Benton fiarbor. birch.

g gaday Barred lloclisJ’éfii .‘e‘soifi’i.E.“i‘.?





per 15. Eggaday Poultry Ranch. Marshall. ich.





3. turgis. M ehlgan.





 





 





 





Tile Ditching Machine





-cuts tile drains quickly. easily. cheaply:



—cuts 300 to 400 rods of ditch in a single day;



—saves its cost every 10 days you use it:



—is guaranteed to live up to all our claims

and save enough in cutting drains to new

for the tile you put into them;



—price places it within reach of the average

farmer. '



You know the benefits and advantages de-

rived from tile drainage. Don’t put the

matter off any longer. Hundreds of farm-

ers are using Cyclone Ditchers to‘ dig their

ditches. You ought to get busy with a Cy-

clone at once. A Cyclone will do for you

what it is doing for hundreds of others.





Write A Postal





for full information that explains how you

can make and save money with a Cyclone

Ditcher. Address





THE JESCHKE MFG. CO.





 





 





E E s—Earred Rock. first few mated with ckds.

383. 88 direct from Bradley Bros..33 per 13.Utility

flock. $2 per 15. A. A. PATTULLO. Deckerville. Mich.





 





OR SALE-~Eggs from prize winning R.C.R.I.Reds.31.50 per 15.

Eggs from standard bred fawn a white Ind. Runner Ducks.

white eggs strain. $1.50 per 13. Coy G.Brumm. Nashvuls. Mich.





81LVER LAOED. golden and whiteWyandottes. Eggs

for hatching at reasonable prices; send for circular.

Browning’s Wyandotte Farm. R. 30. Portland. Mich.





8.0. R. It. COCKERELS FOR SALE'ESESFJ.





Elmer Smith. R. 2. Box 52. Redford. ich.





S. 0. II. Minorcafiookmls and I'. c. Fall Pigs.





Satisfaction guaranteed. R. W'. Mills. Saline. Mich.



' Barred Rock. B. 1. Reds. Mam-

Pflze Winnlng moth Pekin and I. Runner ducks.

Stock for sale. Eggs $1. 5‘2. 33. per set. Utility $5 per 100.

EMWOOD FARM. Ii. R. No. 13. Grand Rapids. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 

 





 





Puro Brod Partridge Ilyandoiio Eg rag-:8 pgg'lfi Bellevue,

A. O. FREEMAN. 9 Oak St.. Ypsi anti. Michigan. Ohio





 





ORPINGTONS—Are winter layers and mrfiney

from record layers Bum?:g%5iii€§a.§l21€ioif%5?§é for fig?





. '

BROOKDALE ORPINGTON FARM. Hillsdaio. Mich. Don '1 PIIt It 0'",





but send for

book now.





 





 





Ra ids. South Bend and St Jostlafh. Stock and eggs,





OLUMBIA Wyandottes. Winners at Ohioago.Grand

BIOH RD SAWYER. Benton L





arbor. Michigan,





 





 





 





AK KNOLL POULTRY—Silver and Partridge ANTED FOR U. S. ARMYvale-bodied. un-

Wyandottes and Ind. Runner Ducks. Eggs for married men. between ages of 18 and 35; citizens

8518- E. H. &J-A COLLAR. Coopersvrile. Michigan. of United States. of good character and temperate

habits. who guns fak. read and writ: till? Eng‘lish

LYMOTH ROCK EGGS FOR SALE. G d 'i t anguage. or n orma on app y o ecrui Ing

P layers 15Ufor ODGRGOIII§HKG50 for twg0 d‘dllnalgal: Qmfi‘ztg 21: GSTIBWOM Eiffel? agtroighlliphu Islgavetn-

. RT . G E . d' , ‘ ' , rm oc . aginaw. c .. an aginaw roe-s.

MRS A H R L E 00 “Oh Michigan Flint. Mich.. 144 West Main Street. Jackson. Mich..

Huron & Quay Streets. Port Huron. Michigan.





 





 





OSE COMB BROWN LEGHORNS from Mad. Square Gardm

winners. eggs and day~oid chicks our 8 scialiv. Also Mam.

Pokiu Duck eggs. Claudia. Bette. lllsdnle. Mich.





 





ARMERS. KEEP YOUR ACCOUNTS. You can

have an actcurl-ilzt: aogount oftrhmh ineofie axfil outlaly.

. ' . w r. i .



“ND/inn BRED POULTRY a. l. REDS either comb. Show cm “gym; by g; rings?!“ m9; "Fiomérg. (32:23:);

qua”! 0“" 52 W ‘5- Fancy ‘2 Per 30- Runnerakwen Diary an Record '. Endorse byhlghest riculturnl

duck eggs $1.50 per 12. At. geese eggs $2.50 per 5. All mailed Authorities. Half price to intmduoa “ now thy-

fr°° to yo“ M‘Ch- dent “ed 00"“ 32.1“?" ““3- self". Send50cents for it today. J. B.Werlinsky.

FRENCH FRUIT & POULTRY FARM. Ludington. Michigan. Publisher. care. REIN do SONS. Houston. Texas.





 





 





HITE BOOK. 8. 0. WHITE LEGHOIIN. BLACK

Spanish and Indian Runner duck eggs. 15. 81.23:

30. $2; 5033; 100, :5. G. N. BURT. Oakwood, Ohio.





wnmz WYANIIIITTEE5ih?ti§i§fiii&tiini





circulars now ready. L. M. OLDS. Ypsilanti. Mic .





 





 





WHITE lEGllORNSJWyC‘m“ Strain". stock The Incubator that Gives





ehix & eg . circular free. .

Maple City Poultry Plant. Box 0. (fiariotte. Mich. Years 01 Hatching SCI'VICC

, Write for catalogue of high-

Whih w dfldolles_N0m'd for size. “801' and 68 pro- class. low—priced machines.

I duction. 191 circular rea in Sizes run from 504333 to 800-

February. A. FRANKLIN SMITH. Ann Arbor. ich. egg capacity. You can inspect

. A l d M k l d thesetincubat‘grs at‘liliealeé‘b In

— pri an ay coo ere san e gs our own. ew sen you



Willi. wllfldoflfl for sale. March 1st. Send for 13 his name and address.

circular. David Ray. 202 Forest Ave.. Ypsilanti. Mich. 1113 [AMA & 331“)“ C0.



Ind.





soorhm 3%.. 1.150111“.

LILLIB FARHSTEAD POULTRY

B. P. Rooks. R. I. Reds. and 8. 0. W. Leghorn eggs

for sale. 15 for 31:” for 81.50: 50 for $2.50.

COLON O. LILLm. Coopersville. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





.55 Still Buys





World’s Champion





[Ill-Egg Incubator





Double cases all over;

best copper tank; nursery. self-reg-

ulating. Beat loo-chick hotrwater

broader. $4.85. Ordered together,

$11.50. FreightPal (ll. of Rockies).

No machines a 1 - - p _.

any price are .-





Houuns F0" HUNTING Fongolo‘ankunk FERRETS better. Satisfaction guaranteed.

b . - 0...,

Send 2c stamp. w. E. LIEDCKY?Hdlzfnesville. Ohio 22333232254. flyfigfififr‘:





FOX AND WOLF HOUNDS IIIIICiillncuhaIano..W “more.





f -_ . . _

3.363 3332.192?!”iligifiguiii‘iigé’é‘iii‘g 14o EGG INCUBATOR

5‘ and 140 CHICK BROODER





these fine houn s for my own sport.



I now oiIer them for sale.

The incubatoris

California Red- g::h$ 1 0

wood. covered





Send stamp for Catalogue.

I. II. IIIIDSPETII. Sibley. Jackson 60.. Mo.

/ with asbestos and galvanized —— .

iron; has triple walls. copper tank;





‘Vhen writing to adver- nursery; egg tester. thermometer ready

itse rs please mention the .. .‘tiifii‘.’°w‘?t.’€.l.¥i:é€.‘33;b“§f§

Ml Ch l gan Fa rm er Ironclad Incubator Cm. Deni. 65 IIacIneJIls.





1.2.5. in Incubator 9.“! Broader 2:.“ slo __- ,





Wh pay more than our rice? \ If ordered to ether we send



9—1; hot machines for only 31 .00. and pay freight 0 ar es East of Rookies.

Hot water. double walls. dead air sglace between.doub e glass doors.coppe

tanks and boilers. self-regulatln . ursery under egg tray. Incubator and





 





 





 





 

 

 





DOGS.





FOR SALE—Scotch Collie pu pies of good

. breeding. $3 an $4 for quick

sales. G. R. JONES. Sherwood. Michigan.





 





 

   

 





 





 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





 





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-:~.:.:"‘-‘It';fi’: J

‘kfl—‘éa‘é; ,- - . .;





 

 





 





. l Broader shipped com late with ermometers. lung‘s. eggtesters~readyto

0 use when yonaFet them. mmmnM—so 3 ml.‘ cube to finished in natural colon show!“ the

locking high {trade 9 items Redw l r used-mot painted to W!" interior material. If you will cougars our

‘ mach use with other! 08 at anywhere mar our price we Will eel sure of your order. Don't buy un you do.

duly-you’ll save money-4t to investigate a ore you buy. Send for FREE catalog . or land In your orderand lave time. '





It‘vfia'é‘il‘d'fiyf‘iiofiti‘fiiy:ua wrsconsm INCUBA'I'OR co., 801126. Raclne:WIs.i





WHY INGIIBATIIII GHIGKS DIE





The book entitled, The History of White Diarrhoea. or why incubator chicks die. will be

sent absolutely free by return mail. to any one sending us the names of 7 to 10 of their friends

that use incubators. This book can save you 8100 this summer. It describes White

diarrhoea or bowel trouble. The cause and tells of a cure. BOOK ABSOLUTELY FREE

FOR. THE NAMES.





RAISALL.REI1EDY 00., BLACKWBLL. OKLAHOMA.





 





EHIIIIlllllIIlllllliII|IIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIHI||IIlWilli"ifllllllllllllllllllIllilillllfl

2 Poultry.

31% lllllllllIllllflilllIIIIiI|IIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllllilllIlilIIIIIIIIllllIIIliIlIII||IIlllllllllllilillllllllll"HEW—Er?"





A HANDY, INEXPENSIVE HATCHERY.





 





Last spring I used a couple of easily

constructed coops for my sitting hens and

feund that they save lots of work in a

busy time. I am therefore sending de-

scription and rough sketch of one of

them, which is designed to accommodate

six sitters. It has a length of 9 ft. and

a width of 6 ft.. the sides, ends and par-

titions being 14-inch boards. As shown

in the cut, there are five partitions which.

in connection with the ends. form six

compartments. each of which is 18 in.

wide and 6 ft. long. At one end of each

of these compartments is placed the nest,

thus giving a row of nests extending

across the front of the coop as it is pre-

sented in the illustration. The nests are

protected by a hinged cover. In my case

I used a single board for this cover, but

it is advisable to cut this board as shown

in the illustration so that any one of the

nests may be reached without uncovering

the others. Across the rear of the coop

is a similar hinged cover which comes

into use at feeding time. the food and

water receptacles being placed at that end





‘ ‘ ¢\. \ v,

“‘§.\§~‘:-:‘\‘\ ‘1‘





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of the narrow compartments. The sur-

face between these two hinged covers is

covered with poultry netting.



Such a hatchery may be placed in a.

quiet part of the poultry house but it is

better to locate it in some other build-

ing if weather conditions are such that

it cannot safely be placed out of doors.

I have had no trouble in getting broody

hens to take to the nests in such a coop.

They cannot see each other. and yet each

has a runway for exerciSe and feeding.

Vi'ith two such hatcheries it is possible ‘to

set a dozen liens at one time. and when

they hatch a few of the best hens will

take care of the whole lot of chicks.



Tuscola Co. Mrs. Y.

METHODS THAT HAVE BROUGHT



SUCCESS WITH TURKEYS.



Having had over ten years’ experience

in raising turkeys, I can possibly advance

some ideas of value to beginners as well

as to those already familiar with some

of the discouraging features of the bus-

iness.



First of all, I will say that there is

very little in breed. I have met with

both success and failure with the Bronze,

the black. the common grey and with

crossbreds. The White Holland I have

never tried, therefore can say nothing

for or against that breed. I am partial

to the Bronze. 01‘ “mixed Bronze” (part

Bronte), because of the handsome plu-

mage and the satisfactory weight of the

mature fowlS, the young gobblers at sell-

ing time often weighing 20 to 25 lbs.



The best time to‘have turkeys hatched

is from the end of the first week in May

to the middle of June, as then long warm

days are to be expected and flies and

grasshoppers begin to be plentiful. If

hatched too early the cool mornings and

evenings, with the long fast of the night,

weaken the little poults, and every little

weakening lessens their hold on life.



Hen turkeys should not be fed too lib-

erally during the winter, or at any time.

If allowed plenty of range they will be

healthier and more apt. to lay at the

proper seaon. They may lay fewer eggs.

but the poults will be hardier than if the

laying season is forced by pampering.



Combating the Poults' Enemies.





Lice are the p0ults' most persistent

enemies and they seldom survive the at-

tacks of lice when very young. hence‘





 





every precaution must be taken previous





 





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to hatching. I sprinkle the mother tur-’

key‘s feathers and nest with dry sulphur

several times while sitting, and remove

the little ones from the nest as soon as

they are dry enough. I then annoint—i

not too liberally—the feathers of the old

turkey, principally those under the wings

and the long thigh feathers. with kero-

sene. I then feed her well and turn her

out for a. day or a night before giving

her the little ones.



Bowel trouble is the next great enemy.

and I have never known a'young turkey

to ‘survive lt.’ It does not pay to dOCtOI‘

them. Overfeeding, dampness and. I

think. ,a hereditary tendency to the dis-

ease are the causes; also, I might add.

the raising of turkeys on the same spot





“of ground year after year. The safest





thing to do is' to remove every drooping

turkey from the brood as soon as it is

noticed and give the rest a fresh clean

spot of ground. and a new house. if pos-

sible, I have saved some in this way

when the whole brood seemed afii’ected.

Never allow a sick turkey to drag around

and eat and drink with the well ones.



A little copperas in the drinking water

helps to keep them healthy, and dry feed





—-such as cracked wheat. oats and toast—





ed hominy—should be given them as soon

as they are old enough. I feed hard—

boiled eggs for the first few days, then

add biscuit moistened with sweet milk,

and gradually the grain after the first





 

 

 

 





 

 





 





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week. Never give little turkeys sloppy

feed 0r raw corn meal. Onion tops, chop-

ped fine and mixed with toasted corn

meal moistened with sweet milk, make

an excellent feed for them. Give plenty

of fresh pure water; keep them out of

(lamp houses and damp rainy weather,

but do not be afraid to turn them.out in

a little dew if the weather is warm and

the sun shines. The dewy grass is good

for them and they can pick it easily be-

fore it becomes dry and tough.



LaSt. but not least, be sure your houses

are varmint proof and do not set them

against a fence. since weasels usually

follow fences and are capable of squeez—

ing through very small places or fashion—

ing an underground route.



Pa. A. R. SIBLEY.





PARASITES ON BROODY HENS.





 





During the incubation period the sit-

ting hen is very prone to become infest-

ed wiih parasites, not only giving her a.

very uncomfortable time of it while on

the nest, but afterwards becoming a men-

ace to the chicks. To prevent this con-

dition it is good practice to Occasionally

give the lien. nest, and eggs 3. good

sprinkling with pyrethrum. as this will

drive the pests away if it does not actu-

ally kill them.



In addition to this, a good dust bath

should be placed convenient to the nest,

so that the hen can easily clean herself

during the time she is off the eggs. The

presence or absence of insect pests on a.

broody hen makes all the difference be-

tween a fretful and a contented mother.



Canada. W. R. GILBERT.





 





Aged Hens not Profit Yieldera—At the

Maryland experiment station 60 White

Leghorn hens, in three successive years.

laid an average of 171.3 eggs the first

year, 149.1 the second and 115.1 the third

year. The profit per hen the first year

was $2.07, $1.61 the second and 90 cents

the third year. All of the five hens

which produced 200 eggs and over. laid

their first egg in November, whereas of

the fowls producing 100 and un‘der only

3.7 per cent laid their first eggs in No-

vember, 44.4 per-cent laid the first egg

in January, and 13 per cent laid the first

egg in February. The shrinkage in «\egg

production during the third year proves

conclusively that hens of this age are be-

ing maintained at a' serious financial loss.





 





 

 





«. '--« n. ‘9“.9?“ - in

as has...
APRIL 12, 1913.





' Practical





E

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E

E

E





 





EllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||IllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllll||lllll|||ll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllE



PREPARED INFANTS' AND INVAL- M i t Per Clan;é

osure .



IDS, FOODS' Ismileb‘ extract ................ . . . . . 4.45



u now w- nomson- Pioielss‘“.f‘3??‘ff’}.f.‘ii.?iif?i:::;::::‘i%i§i



Concomitant with the placing on the Mineral matter .. ._. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.60



market 0f specially prepared Cereals’ ]S\/[t'aixl‘{Ch ..... (.1. . It; . .). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.3;

. 1 sugar ac se ..... ..



breakfast fOOdS and the hke’ there have Cane sugar ......................... 36.34





appeared many varieties, and two or

three distinctive types of prepared foods

designed particularly for, in one case, in-

fants and young children, and in the

second place, invalids suffering from pe-

culiar forms of mal-nutrition diseases.



These prepared infant foods have most

of them been designed with the idea of

either taking the place of human milk,

or acting as a supplement thereto. In-

valid foods have been prepared for the

purpose of furnishing palatable and nu-

tritious foods which are not incompata-

ble with the peculiar disease with which

the patient is suffering.



Some Are Meritorious.



Some of these foods in both classes

have considerable merit; many of them

in both classes are entirely devoid of

merit, and in some instances, instead of

being corrective, and at least not incom-

patible for the specific disease, are quite

the reVerse, and if taken or consumed in

any appreciable quantity whatsoever,

would tend to aggravate the very disease

or condition they are advertised to miti-

gate.



The uSual form of analysis to which

most food materials are subjected would

fu‘itnish very little index of thcrcal char-

acter and value of these foods. Some of

the best work from the analytical point

of view which has been done on these

products has been performed in the lab-

oratory of Internal Revenue of the Can—





adian government, followed at times by

some of the various experimental sta—

tions of the United States. Mctlill. of

Ottawa, published in Bulletin No. .30. a





tabulation of the various so-callcd infant

foods from which Leach has selected some

of the more typical ones which we will

make mention of here.

Two Classes of Infant Foods.



, The infant foods have been briefly di-

vided from an analytical point of View

into two classes. The first class we will

call the “milk foods,” meaning by this,

foods which conSist in part, at least, of

milk; and second, “farinaceous foods.”

which consist in the major, of some of

the cereal grains.



AmOng the milk foods, we have a class

known as malted milks, the best known

of which, are perhaps Ilorlick‘s, Mellins‘

Food, Nestle’s Food, and many others of

like type. An analysis of llorlick’s shows

the following contents:



Per Cent.

Moisture ..... .55





.u-.....o..o-on--....





Ether extract ................ . . 1.4]

Soluble in water and alcohol. . . . . . . 63.87

Proteids ........... ..... . 14.00

Mineral ingredients ....... . ........ 2.57

Starch ...... H 15.68

Maltose ...... . .......... . ........... 4.0.00

Cane sugar ......................... C{.00





This analysis gives no mention of lac-

tose which is the sugar typical of milk.

This must have been neglected in the

original analysis for we are quite certain

that I-Iorlick’s contains considerable lac-

tose, or milk sugar, which would, of

course, be the evidence needed to confirm

the presence of milk. lt is our impres-

sion from a study of Tlorlick’s made sev-

eral years ago, that this product contains

a considerable amount of milk. Likewise

the maltose present shows that it con-

tains a considerable quantity of malt or

malted starch. The presence of 15.68 per

cent starch would indicate that the malt-

ose was largely derived from the malting

of wheat flour rather than from mixing

in pure barley malt, in which event, of

course, there would be practically no

starch present. It is evident from the

analysis, therefore, that Horlick’s Malted

Milk consists is the main of a mixture

of malted cereals, such as malted flour

and milk, all of which is evaporated or

reduced, 'either before or after mixing,

to a dry condition in which it is placed

on the market.



Mellin’s Food is another preparation

which has won considerable merit as an

infant’s food. An analysis of Mellin’s

Food indicates the following composition:





Per Cent.

Moisture ................ 4.72

Ether extract ................ . . . . . . trace

Soluble in water and alcohol ........ 82.00

Proteids ...... ’ ..... ' ......... .... ..... 10.10

Mineral matter ..................... 3.50

Maltose sugar ....................aOto60





An analysis of Nestle’s' Food shows the

following composition:





’not think a diet strong





x» \





 





“ Science.





Farlnaceous Foods.

Farinaceous foods frequently show a

considerable amount, likewise, of maltose

but no milk sugar, showing that they are

similar in some respects to the prepared

breakfast foods, in that practically the

only change they have undergone is in

the conversion, or partial conversion, of

starch into malt sugar. 0f the farina-

ceous foods. one of the most valuable

which has come under our observation is

known as Robinson‘s Barley. Its analysis

shows the following composition:

Per Cent.

....... 9.4





MoiSture . . . ., ............. . . . . 0

I‘ItIlE‘l‘ extract .......... . ............. .40

Soluble in water and alcohol ....... . 2.01

Proteids ........... . . ............. 7.46

Mineral matter ....... . . ............ .94

Starch .............................. 78.66





From this analysis it will be seen that

this product has undergone practically

no manufacturing change whatsoever. It

is almost pure barley flour and has not

undergone any malting whatsoever. The

direction on the package prescribe that

it shall always be used in connection

with milk, and being an unconverted

starch, it is, of course, imperative that

the directions given. which are for the

purpose of making the starch soluble,

should be implicitly followed. An infant,

surely should not receive raw starch, but

if the starch is heated carefully to co—

agulation, the cellular structure is broken

up and the starch is rendered more or

which condi-





 





in





less completely soluble,



tion it may be mixed. with milk for in-

fant feeding with great promise of suc-

cess.





Infant foods have played a very import-

ant role and have assisted vet-y material-

ly in providing a variety of ways for the

nourishment of infants when the use of

the mother’s milk seems incompatible.

Generally speaking, there is no prepared

food which can be. made to take the

place of the mother’s milk, but very fre-

it becomes absolutely necessary

to resort to some other food. and these

various products are valuable. at least

in tempering the transfer from the moth-r

cr‘s, milk to cow’s milk. \\'e have known

several instances in which even mediticd

cow's milk did not seem to be satisfac-

tory, and in these cases, some of the

prepared foods have of necessity been

used and with quite satisfactory results.

Some infants have thrived well on Hor-

lick's Malted Milk, while others have not

made satisfactory progress on Horlick’s,

and yet have gotten along nicely on Mel-

lin’s Food or Nestle’s Food, or Robinson's

Barley in connection with, cows’ milk, and

the reverse. This serves to show how

important a factor is the individual idio—

syncrasy. Likewise evaporated milk has

proven of great value when some of

these other preparations have failed ut-

terly. (Continued next week).





intently





 





 





LABORATORY REPORT.





 





d





I have been much interested. in the

Practical Science series of articles. \Vhat

diet would tend to cause brittle arteries

and a condition leading to apoplexy, and

what diet would tend to prevent this con-

ition? Would the diet indicated rem—

edy an anemic condition, viz., strong in

iron and lime tend to prematurely age a





person?



St, Joseph Co. L. P. F.



The condition described above which is

commonly known as hardening of the

arteries, if not due to faulty nutrition, is

constantly aggravated by it. We have

knowu many instances of relief from

this condition due to the presence of a

laxative in the diet, and would suggest

that an effort ’be made to regulate and

systematize the diet to provide the re-

quired laxative material. Such a diet

might very well include in liberal quan-

tities almost any of the fruits, and par-

ticularly a. liberal quantity of figs,

prunes, apricots, etc. A very good habit

to form is the drinking of a liberal quan-

tity of boiled hot water, from half to

three-quarters of an hour before break-

fast, and on retiring at night. Grape-

fruit for breakfast is very good. We do

in natural iron

and lime that is selected from vegetables

and fruits containing these ingredients

in considerable quantity would tend to

prematurely age a person.





 





 





'THE,,,MlCHIGAN FARMER-





llllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllIIllllllllIlllllll||llllllIlllllll|llllll|llllllllllllllllllllllll|llIIIIlllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfl





 





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The K-r-i—t Farmer

knows gasoline engines





That’s why he bought a K-r-i-t. That’s why there are four thousand

K-r-i-t farmers whose names and addresses we can give you.



The K-r-i-t Motor was designed and built as it is, for the K-r-i-t farmer.



The K-r-i-t farmer knows what a motor must do to render service

and be Worth his investment.



He knows the sand, the mud, the hills. the hauls of his country—he

knows that the motor is the heart, the lungs, the breath, in fact, the very

life of every car.



The K-r-i-t Motor more than any other feature of the K-r-i-t is respon-



_ sible for those four thousand K-r-i-t farmers. ,





5Why the K-r-i-t Motor is the Farmer’s Meter





The valves are enclosed and interchange-

able and the valve tappets adjustable.



Motor is water cooled by thermo- syphon

system aided by ball bearing fan; the mo-

tor is lubricated by splash feed from crank

case with sight feed on the dash. ‘



These are the more important mechani-

cal features which make the K-r-i-t Motor

sturdier, tougher, more durable and more

powerful than any other motor of its rat-

ing in the world.



That’s why the K-r-i-t Motor makes the

K-m-t the farmer’s car.



Let us tell you what four thousand farm-

_ . ers say of the K-r-i-t Motor, also let us



The entire bottom of crank case is easily bring the K-r-i-t out to your farm.

reangvable for adjustment of connecting Make us prove what we say.

1’0 earmgS. I



9;: Krit Motor Car (30., 1608 Grand Blvd., Detroit, Mich.





0





gas @231





~' unum





Because the entire .K-r-i-t power. plant

is assembled as. a unit and the cylinders

cast “en bloc", insuring a solid and rigid

motor. _ .



The pistons carry four compressmn rings

and are lapped into the cylinders to insure

perfect fit and maximum compressmn.



The crank shaft is drop forged from spe-

cial steelwith one and three-quarter inch

ball bearings. . _



The connecting rod bearings are 50%

over size thus avoiding excessswe wear.



The cam shaft is drop forged from spe-

cial alloy steel. The crank case is cast

from aluminum. increasmg the strength

but reducing the weight.





 





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3. e’ _

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.InmnlLlniL -:~—‘

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- ‘ I===—





Milli-iii" 7 __u_liIII.:'a I





 

   





Mow-fl"





in)" IQ Model “KT" $900, fully equipped ‘2... 2;:





 





100..\° Tire Quality





Quality actually determines tire mileage and every

Ajax Tire we build represents 100% quality.





To skimp on quality would mean a reduction in

mileage and the Ajax written guarantee, definitely

secures to you 5000 miles tire service.





That is why we concentrate on quality rather than

on quant’lty of manufacture.





For eight yearswe have guaranteed quality while

others have claimed it.





Quality has been the underlying secret of Ajax service

in the past—your strongest guarantee for the future.





@E K

TIRES





Plain Tread Non-Skid





 





Guaranteed

In Writing

for

5000



MILES





Guaranteed

In Writing

for

5000

MILES





Drop us a postal for Booklet “Figures That Don’t Lie”

and name of nearest Ajax dealer.





AJAX-GRIEB RUBBER COMPANY

1797 Broadway Nengork City





 





 





 





Trenton, N. J.





Factories:





 





 





 





 





 

 

   

 

 

 

 





 





THE MRGEST AID BEST UIIE 0F





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MACHINE Ry in America. We





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lotion G nnmu. OHIO.
468—12 ' ’





The Michigan Farmer

Established 1841.





The Lawrence Publishing Co.





Editors and Proprietors.





39 to ‘5 Con St. West. Detroit MIME.

ILIPHONE mm 4626, '





. Nrw Yon: Omar—41 Park





Bo .

CHICAGO armor—600 l‘irst at’l. Bank Buildi .

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M. J. LAWRENCE......... ......... .. ........ President

M. L. LAWRENCE.................... i -P id t.

E. n. HOUGKTON.....................X.€?Se:?Trg=s.

I). Ii: gagggBUBY A it



. . .............. .. ssocae

BURT WEBMUTH............ .

ALTA LAWSON er'rmm... . .. W} Emma

E. H. HOUGHTON........... ..... ..Business Manager





 





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by the Lawrence Pub. Co. All persons are warned

against reprinting any portion of the contents of

this issue Without our written permission.





 





 





 





 





 





 





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DETROIT, APRIL 12, 1913.





CURRENT COMMENT.



The sixty-third Con-

The New Congress. gross met in special



session on Monday

of this week, pursuant to the call of

President Wilson, for the specific purpose

of a revision of the tariff, although the

way has been left Open for the consider-

ation of other important problems which

are pressing for congressional attention,

should time be left for further, action

when the tariff problem'is disposed of.

For the first time in a score of years

Congress has assembled with both houses

in control of the democratic organization

and with a democratic president to aid

in shaping its policies and approve its

acts. In view of the important work

which this new Congress is to undertake

at once, a brief review of the personnel

of that body from the standpoint of polit—

ical affiliations will be of interest to the

reader.



The membership of the House of Repre-

sentatives is larger than that of previOus

congresses, due to an increase of mem-

berShip from 396 to 435, which became

effective on March 4th last. This in-

creased membership, together With a.

sweeping change in the political fortunes

of many of the old members at the last

national election, gives this Housealarger

proportion of new members than has oc-

curred in any Congress of recent years,

there being 154 new members. Also many

old time and familiar figures will be miss-

ed in the roll call of the present House.

The democratic majority in the House is

a large one, the membership affiliated

with this party numbering 288 as com-

pared with 144 who are designated as re-

publicans, which, however, includes per-

haps .i Score of congressmen who have

affiliated themSelves with the progressive

organization which appears in Congress

for the first time at this session. With

three. vacancies this makes up the total

roll of the House of Representatives. In

the Senate the democratic margin of con-

trol is much smaller, the total party

strength in that body being 51. as com-

pared with a combined republican and

progressive strength of 45.



“'hile it is the professed intention of

the leaders of the dominant party in Con-

gress to push the tariff revision bill as

rapidly as possible, there is certain to be

much debate with regard to the several

schedules and the session is likely to be

a long one. Even the most optimistic of

the leaders do not prophesy that the

matter will be disposed of earlier than

late in July. A tentative revision of the

seVeral tariff schedules has already been

prepared by the leaders and will be sub-

mitted to the party caucus directly upon

the completion of the organization, and

within a week the tariff debate in the

House, which will first consider the

schedules, will have begun. Already many

of the essential details of the proposed

tariff changes have been published but





 





 





 





as~ they are tentative “09088418,.0nlthe,

will refrain fromcommenting upon them.





until they are formally before the Helms

for action. -



With the assembling of Congress it had

not been finally determined whether the

proposed revision would be made in a.

single bill, or schedule by schedule in sep-

arate bills, although it is said that the

President and the party leaders in the

House favor the former method, believing

that a general tariff bill could be passed.

It is probable that a general bill conform-

ing to the ideas of the leaders could be

passed in the House with the very sub-

stantial democratic majority in that body,

but it is certain that more difficulty would

be encountered in the Senate. where sec-

tional interests would necessarily be pro-

tected by democratic senators, thus mak-

ing it probable that compromises would

be necessary to pass any general tariff

bill through that body.



As abovo noted, the proposed tariff

changes will be reviewed in detail in fu—

ture issues. These changes include rad-

ical reductions in tariff rates all along

the line and a change in their method

of application from a specific to an ad

valorem basis wherever this-change is

practical. It is also proposed in the ten-

tative agreement to place many articles

on the free list, including raw wool and

some other agricultural staples, which,

hOWeVer, will be discussed with‘bther

details of the proposed tariff changes in

future lSSlleS.



It is probable that the tariff reduction

will be greater than would have been the

case had not the amendment to the con-

stitution empowering Congress to levy an

income tax for national revenue become

operative through the approval of a suffi-

cient number of states. In order to make

up the' deficiency in the revenue which

will result from the cutting of the tar-

iff, it is proposed by the present Congress

to enact an income tax, the tentative

plan of which contemplates a graduated

tax of from one to four per cent on in-

comes derived from any source to the

amount of $4,000 or more per year, it be—

ing estimated that this will provide a.

revenue of something like $100,000.000 per

annum, while experts have asserted that

the revenue proposed in the tentative

agreement on tariff schedules made by

party leaders will result in a deficiency

of something like $80,000,000 per year, as

compared with present tariff revenue.



It is indeed fortunate that while the

democratic Congress is preparing to make

history which will decide the future polit-

ical fortunes of that party, the people of

the country are calmly awaiting results

with no disposition to become excited or

panic stricken over the outcome. This

is as it should be. The condition of the

country 11nd its business is vcry‘dlfferent

from that which obtained two decades

ago when the Wilson-German bill was

allowed to go into effect by President

Cleveland without his approval, and there

is apparently little danger of a recurrence

of the business depression which was co-

incident with that change.



There are features of the. proposed tar-

iff changes which would be repugnant to

the best interest of Michigan agriculture,

but it should be remembered that as yet

they are simply tentative proposals, and

that notwithstanding the prestige of the

men who are advocating them they have

not as yet been enacted into law.





There is an encour—

Agricultural Credit aging prospect that

lnvestigatlons. the movement toward

the establishment of

an adequate system of rural credits in

this COuntry may develop into a more

definite proposition in the not distant fu-

ture. This subject has been given con-

siderable attention in our columns during

the past two years, when it first began

to be discussed by the more advanced

rural economists of the United States.

Our readers have been kept informed

with regard to the various agencies which

haVe been working toward that end and

the public and official support which has

been given to the movement.



This movement really had its inception

in the publicity given to the growth and

extent of organized rural credit in Eu-

ropean countries by the International In-

stitute of Agriculture with headquarters

at Rome. It was fostered officially by

«ax-President Taft, who started an inde-

pendent investigation through' the Ameri-

can ambassadors in European countries.

It has also been encouraged by the oflls

cial action of organized bodies interested

in agriculture, notably, the Southern Com-

mercial Congress. which took the initia-

tive in a movement to send an American

commission to investigate the workings





     





‘





N a‘F‘A’RrM-E



Of the European system, which commis-

sion' Will begin its. investigations next

May. Following in the same work Pres-

ident Wilson, has appointed a special

commission of men prominent in the

agricultural field to conduct an investi-

gation into European agricultural credit

systems and co-operative organizations.

The members of this commission are:

Senator Fletcher, of Florida. President

of the Southern Commercial Congress;

Senator Gore, of Oklahoma, Chairman of





 





the Senate Agricultural Committee under





the new Senate organization; Congress-

man Moss, of Indiana, Chairman of the

Agricultural Appropriation Committee of

the House; Dr. Clarence J. Owens, of

Maryland, Managing Director of the

Southern Commercial Congress, and for-

merly President of the Southeastern Ag-

ricultural College of Alabama; Kenyon

L. Butterfleld, of Massachusetts, Presi-

dent of Amherst College, and a well-

knOWn former Michigan man; Dr. John

Lee Coulter, of Minnesota, the govern-

ment's expert on agricultural statistiCs;

and Col. Harvie Jordan, of Georgia, Pres-

ident of the Southern Cotton, Growers'

AssociatiOn, and former president of the

National Farmers’ Congress. '



This commission will co-operate with

the American commission above mention-

ed, which has also been given a semi-

ofl‘icial status by Congressional recogni-

tion, having been directed by Congress to

submit a report ”of its findings to that

body. '



Some statistics recently pre-

The Milling pared by the Bureau of Sta-

lndustry. tiStics of the Department of

Commerce and LabOr throw

additional light upon the decadence of

the small custom mills of the winter

wheat states. As this subject is one

which has evoked considerable interest

from Michigan Farmer readers from time

to time, a brief review of certain features

of these statistics would perhaps be of

interest to the average reader.



The census data upon which these sta-

tistics are based show that in 1909 there

were 23.652 mills in the country, more

than one-half of which, or 11,961, were

custom mills. These custom mills, how-

ever contributed but a small per cent to

the total value of milling products, their

aggregate output being valued at $55,-

115,553, or 5.9 per ccnt of the total value

of the manufactured output of all mills,

which total amounted to $938,699,958.



Of the merchant mills, as differentiated

from the custom mills, more than three-

quariers were engaged chiefly in the

milling of wheat flour and other products

intended for human conSumptiOn, the

value of the product of these mills being

$832,790,364, or 88.7 per cent of the total

for .all mills combined.



An explanation of the decadence of the

small custom mills over large sections of

the country is found in the fact that the

milling industry is one in which the cost

of the raw material constitutes a very

large portion of the total value of the

products. The total cost of raw material

used by all mills in 1909 was $813,891,347,

which represented about 86.7 per cent of

the total value of the manufactured pro-

ducts, leaving $124.808,611 to represent the

cost of manufacture and profit on the in-

vestment.



The mills of all classes gave employ-

ment in 1909 to 88,849 persons, of which

46,467 were wage earners. The amount

,puid for salaries and labor was $35,167,-

693. The quantity of, grain ground was

872,950,743 bushels, the bulk of which was

wheat and corn.



The modern concentration of the mill-

ing industry is shown by the fact that

138 mills, or 1.2 per cent of the total of

the merchant mills, manufactured pro-

ducts valued at $1,000,000 or over in 1909.

yet the small percentage of mills of this

class manufactured 36.1 per cent of the

total products of all mills for the year.



The same year the small merchant mills

that manufactured products valued at

less than $20,000 constituted 51.2 per cent

of the total number of merchant mills,

yet the value of their products amounted

to only 6.2 per cent of the total, while

72.6 per cent of the total value of milling

products for the year were turned out by

establishments having a year’s product

valued at $100,000 or over.



It is interesting to note that these sta-

tistics show a considerable variation with

regard to the survival of the small mills.

In Pennsylvania, for instance; the larger

mills owned by corporations amounted to

only four per cent of all milling establish-

ments and contributed only 27.4 per cent

to the total of products, thus showing in

that state the farmers particularly must

still patronize the custom mills in secur-

ing products for home consumption to" a





 





greatemx'tsm than wrisrlitrue in on... wheat; .





producing states.





 





z





 





r





 





Even 'th





Public Sentiment. sentiment may be ap- H





patently crystallized

on any subject this is no Sure indicatlmi

of what may be the record of its expres-

sion at a general election. Notwithstand-

ing the fact that the vote on the con-

stitutional amendment providing for

equal suffrage at the November Election

was very close, the earlier returns on the

same proposition re-submltted at the re-

cent April election seem to indicate that

this proposed amendment has been lost

by a substantial majority, and that not-

withstanding the fact that the friends of

the measure believed thai it would stand

a much better chance of passing at the

spring election when the country vote

would be relatively stronger than would

be the case at a general electiori, such

as that at which it was last submitted.





Not less baffling is, any attempt at the

analysis of the wet and dry vote in some

of the counties where this question was

submitted at the Spring election. Genesee

county, which has before been under

local option but went wet by a small

majority in 1911, is indicated by the early

returns to have gone dry at the recent

election, while Emmett county; which

‘two years ago voted for local option ap-

pears.by the early returns to have re-

verted to the wet column



V’Vhile the early returns, as above not-

ed, indicate that the equal suffrage

amendment was lost. incomplete returns

would indicate that most. if not all, of

the other proposed constitutional amend-

ments were carried by very substantial



ajorities



‘What influences may operate to change

public sentiment in so marked a degree

upon questions which have been lOng be-

fore the people are impossible of analysis,

but where the same propositions are sub-

mitted to practically the same electorate

at succeeding elections, or where but a

brief period of time has elapsed, the

marked variation in results would seem

to indicate that public sentiment is a.

constantly variable factor,

during its period of crystallization,1 al-

though its ultimate expression will al-

ways savor of the wisdom which makes

our form of government “of the people,

by the people and for the people," the

most popular and SticceSSful in the world.





The reader who does not

Don’t Lose the carefully look over the

Benefit. advertising columns of

the publications which

come to his table is losing something of

the benefit which he might derive from

same. In the field of agriculture there is

no better way to keep in touch with the

improvements which are constantly being

made in agricultural machinery and

equipment than by carefully looking over

the advertisements in each issue of your

farm journal In this way the reader will

not only keep in touch with the improve-

ments which are constantly being made,

but will as well acquire a considerable

fund of useful information regarding dif-

ferent types and kinds of farm equip-

ment which, while it may not be of im-

mediate value, will be found useful at

some later date when it becomes neces—

sary to increase or supplement the farm

machinery along any particular line.



In case one is immediately interested

in any line of equipment which is given

publicity through the advertising columns

of his farm journal, a letter or postal

card will bring literature which will tell

him more about it, and by getting and

comparing literature of this kind any

man will be much better posted on the

latest and most approved devices, and

better qualified to purchase intelligently

and in a manner best calculated to sat-

isfy his needs. Truly, it is good econ—

omy to study the advertising columns as

well as to carefully review the reading

columns of your farm publication.





LEGISLATIVE N EWS.





As the legislative

many of the bills which have been under

consideration in the committees, are con-

sidered in “committee of the whole" and

put on final passage in the two houses,

so that the record of legislative accom-

plishment is more apparent to the ob-

server. During last week, the fourteenth

of the legislative, session, many bills

passed both houses, a number of which

are of considerable interest to country

people.



One of these was a bill to allow any

county to establish an agricultural bureau

that will employ expertassistance to help

solve the agricultural problems of the

farmers within the county, with the pro-

vision that a majority of ,the electors of

the county must first approve the estab-

lishment of such a bureau. . , . .



Another bill of general public interest





 





; influence. ’ ‘





particularly '





session advances,
. ‘ w.





- APRIL 312, my





 





* I



'- was an amendment to the school law.

permitting any district to. bond up to 10

per cent of the assessed valuation of

property within the district 'for erecting

and equipping schoolhouses, with the pro-

viso that all such bond iSSues must be

submitted to a vote of the electors with-

in the district.



Another bill pertaining to schools which

was passed during the week, was one pro-

viding that when pupils complete the

eighth grade work before they are six-

teen, that being the age at which com-

.pulsory attendance at school ceases, they

must either continue to attend school un-

til they are sixteen years of age or se-

cure a permit to enter any kind of eni—

ployment.



Another bill in which a large propor-

tion of the public will be interested is one

forbidding the drinking of beer or liquor

on steam or interurban cars, except in

cafe apartments.



A bill which will be of particular inter-

est to sugar beet growers was passed

providing for state supervision of the

testing of sugar beets Where farmers are

paid for their beets according to the per-

centage of sugar content. Under this law

Prof. Kedzie, of M. A. 0.. State Analyst

Shannon and Experiment Station Chemist

Patton will work out a plan, and the

State Dairy and Food Commissioner will

designate two chemists to supervise the

testing at the factories. These men will

have authority to order the dismissal of

any factory inspector whose work does

not comply with the state regulations.



An amendment of the tax laws was

made providing that when any person

presents a deed of recently transferred

property at the county treasurer’s office

~ for a certificate that all back taxes have

been paid. the teasurer shall certify on

the deed that it was presented for that

purpose. The bill further provides that

if -the treasurer overlooks any tax items

and the property is afterward advertised

for sale for the collection of unpaid taxes,

the owner must be notified and given an

opportunity to redeem the property for

the amount of actual legal charges

against it.



A gun license law was also enacted im-

posing a license tax on all hunters ex-

cept those hunting in the counties where

they live, this exemption not applying to

deer hunters. Another game bill enacted

limits deer hunting to one in a season.

The open season for deer hunting is also

shortened to the period between Novem-

ber 10 to November 30. Non-resident

hunters are permitted to ship one deer

out of the stale. This bill also makes

minor changes in the law covering the

shooting of birds and permits bear to be

killed at any season of the year.



Along the same line was a bill permit-

ting the taking of dogfish, carp, sheeps-

liead and other obnoxious fish from the

inland waters of the state with seins un—

der certain regulations.



A number of other bills of; minor or

sectional interest were passed; also some

covering elections, one of which requires

proof sheets of ballots to be sent by reg-

istered mail ten days before primary day

and election day to all candidates whose

names appear on such ballots as a pre-

caution against the mis-speiling of names

and the consequent discrimination againSt

such ballots in the canvassing of election

returns. A corrupt practices act was

also passed to limit the amount which a

candidate can spend to secure nomination

or election to public office.



A bill which will be of particular inter-

‘est to‘all veterans of the Civil “'ar was

an appropriation bill to pay the expenses

of all veterans, now living in Michigan.

who fought in the battle of Gettysburg

on July 1, 2 and 3, 1863, to the Gettys-

burg semi-centennial next summer.



Other appropriation bills were one car-

rying $187,500 for general repairs and

special purposes 'at the Jackson prison,

and one carrying $100,000 for a revolving

fund, corresponding to a working capital.

to be used ”in establihing industries on

state account to employ convict labor

that cannot be longer leased to contract-

ors under the law.



Several amendments were made to the

state banking law, regulating the amount

of loans which banks can legally make

and prescribing the conditions under

which they may make certain classes of

investments.



Two important propositions which were

finally defeated last week were the pro-

posed constitutional amendment for the

short ballot and the bill for uniform text

books in all schools, both of which failed

of passage in the House for the second

time at this session and cannot, under

the rules, be again considered.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEKL





 





National.





At the opening of the special session of

the sixty-third Congress on Tuesday, an

old custom was re-established by Presi—

dent Wilson, who went in person before

Congress to read his message, setting

Iorth the purposes for which he has call-

ed the special session. This practice was

followed by Presidents Washington and

Adams only; since their time the chief

executive’s message has merely been de-

livered in writing.



Up to the time of going to press the

outcome of the election held in Michigan

Monday is only a onjecture, but the early

returns indicate that all the amendments

to the constitution except the extension

of suffrage to women, carried. and that

the republican state ticket will perhaps

lead the others.



There will be eStablished at the Univer-

sity of Michigan this summer a course in

embalming and sanitary science.



Manufacturers along the river front at

Grand Rapids are fearing loss from the

floods. The river at that point has al-

.ready reached the 12 foot mark and with

the crest of ‘the high water still above

the city there is grave concern regarding

the probable outcome, conditionsindicat-





 





The National Drainage Congress, which

is in session at St. Louis this week, will

aonsider the proposition of flood preven-



on. '



A fire \in the Oliver Motor Truck Com-

pany’s plant at Detroit resulted in a loss

to the building and contents, estimated

at over $10,000.



The city of St. Louis, Mo., is discussing

the proposition of adopting the plan of

selling eggs by the pound instead of by

the dozen.



For the past 16 years an assoeiation in

the city of Philadelphia has had charge

of gardening vacant city lots for the sup-

port of charity enterprises and the report

on the city charity contributions shows

that this association has exceeded all oth-

ers in the amount of help actually ac-

complished.



The. state of Oklahoma is considering

the proposition of appropriating $1,500,000

for the erection of a state capitol build-

mg.



Heavy sentences were given four per-

sons found guilty in the United States

District Court of Detroit for violating the

Mann act, a federal statute framed to

prohibit the taking of women from one

state to another for immoral purposes.



The municipal bus service of the city

of Detroit has failed thus far to succeed

financially, the deficit for the first 30

days of the service amounting to nearly

$60 per day. The common council, how-

ever, has extended the time of the trial,

hoping that experience and increased pat-

ronage will reduce the amount of the

deficit.



The silk workers’ strike at Patterson,

N. J., assumed serious proportions last

Saturday when it seemed that the police

department would be unable to cope with

the situation. In all 175 strikers were

arrested on that day.



Victor L. Murdock, congressman from

Kansas, has been chosen by the progres—

sive party as a candidate for speaker of

the house. Congressman Underwood, of

Alabama, is the democratic candidate

who will be selected after Congress has

convened.



J. M. Frost, of Muskegon. wa'; elected

president of the Michigan Schoolmasters‘

Club at Ann Arbor, last Friday. The

vice-president is Gertrude Breed, and thc

secretary-treasurer is J. P. Jocelyn, both

of Ann Arbor.



A strike of motormen and conductors

tied up street car traflic in the city of

Buffalo and along the Niagara frontier

Sunday. The officials of the railway an-

nounced that strike breakers will be im—





ported and hope to resume traffic soon.

A bitter contest is anticipated. The

strikers demand better pay, asking for





increase of from five to seven cents

a re-urrangement of working

of their labor





an

an hour,

hours and a. recognition

union.



Foreign.



Henry Lane \‘Vilson, American Ambus-

sador to Mexico, has been suddenly plac-

ed in a precarious light before the Amer-

ican public by the declarations of Senora

Madero. widow of the late president of

Mexico. She declares that Ambassador

\Vilson is morally'rcsponsiblc for the as-

sassination of her husband February 22.

Her charges have been filed with the

state department at \VaShington,



The war between Turkey and the allies

appears to be moving contrary to the

wiShes of the Ottoman government. Last

week Adrianople was captured by the

allies and in other fighting districts the

Bulgarians and their allies have been

pushing the Turkish lines back toward

Constantinople.



The Japanese government is protesting

against pending land legislation in Cali-

fornia aimed at Japanese farmers in that

state. It is now knowu that a similar

protest was made against legislation of

the same kind in VVaShington, which was

quietly refracted through the action of

former Secretarv of State Knox.



The little kingdom of Montenegro has

been attracting considerable attention

from all parts of the world. She, as one

of the allies in the struggle against Tur-

key, has planned a campaign against

Scutari, which territory lies next to the

little kingdom. but the occupation of

which might prove a detriment to some

of the other powers, particularly Austria.

Presumably because of this interest of

Austria, the great powers have been ap-

pealed to, and now protest against the

occupation of Scutari, and :1 blockade of

the forts of the kingdom has been or-

dered and effected Despite the demands of

the powers and the presence of the war-

ships, it is reported that the little coun-





try will continue in her proposed military .





campaign.





CATALOG NOTICES.





 





 





The Larrowe Milling 00., Woodward

and Palmer avenues, Detroit, Mich. will

send literature relating to their special

trial offer of Larro-Feed, a specially pre-

pared dairy feed, which is backed by a

guaranty of security in the reputation of

the firrfi which manufactures and dis~

tributes it. Dairymen should write at

Once for literature regarding special trial

offer, mentioning the Michigan Farmer.



Marlin Repeating Rifles and Shotguns,

manufactured by the- Marlin Firearms

Co., of New Haven, Conn., are fully il—

lustrated and described in a 130-page cat-

alog issued by this company. This full

line of repeating rifles and shotguns in-

cludes guns for every kind of use and

describes the parts of same as well as

the ammunition used in them. Mention

the Michigan Farmer when writing for

this catalog.





Corn Contest in St. Joe County.-—The

St. Joseph County Y. M. C. A. offers $50

in prizes in a corn—growing contest open

to all boys of the county, 12 to 18 years

old. Walter Gospill, of Sturgis, is en-

rolling contestants.





THE MICHIGAN .FARMER

ing as severe a noodles occurred in 1904 V I

,when a heavy loss of property resulted.





 





 





 

 





 





   





wiggfifigfigmk Prom Against

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LIGHTNING.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





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x 2 ft. We send you special nails, free. There is no better roofing ,0 “02%;?

or siding for any building. ’0 57 ”Ceiling:

f d ' . ' nd styles. Ask for sample 0 “ ““83 -

send for catalog shingllcgnasnglzgist aour rock-bottom prices on '9' Canton, 0M0

shingles and on corrugated roofing and siding before you buy any 0' Please send cata.

roofing. We sell dircct. saving you middleman’s profit. Orders . log and sam ple

shipped day received and we pay the freight. .9 shingle.

o

KANNEBERG ROOFING & CEILING C0. '0' N ‘

- h. . amt. ........... ....

Established 1886 57 Douglas SL, Canton, 0 no o’

h."" .w.v1 ’V‘VA .V‘A 57“! Address ....................... . ............ ,.





 





You can have

Running Water in

your House and

Barn, at even tem-

perature Winter or

Summer, at Small





 





 

 

 





asking for

Supply Plan.





Send Postal

New ‘Wate r





It will bring you a Hundred





Pictures of it in actual use.

Do It Now.





Aormotor 00.,1144 8. Campbell Ave, Chicago





Aermotor 00.. 2nd and Madison Sts., Oakland, Cal.

Aermotor 00., 1213 W. 8th St., Kansas City, Mo.

Aermotor 00., 332 131: St., North, Minneapolis, Minn.





 





Make Your Own Drain Tile





Makes tile 3 to 8 inches in diam" 12% inches long. One man or boy operates it by hand

or power. mo tile per day by hand. 1.200 by power. Tile thoroughly cured by patent

process. No tamping or use of pallets. ThlS machine and tile used by Experiment Sta-

tions of Agricultural Colleges and the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. 5,000 farmers hgve

doubled the yield of land by underdramage, and saved 75% of cost by using our Machine.

, You can do the same. Save cost of haulmg and breaking. Make perfect

tile $3 to $5 per thousand. MACHINE SOLD DIRECT FROM FACTORY

II s :

Box 307 . ST. JOHNS. MICH-





 

   

   

   

   





TO YOU. TEN DAYS’ FREE TRIAL SEND NOW for 36-page Illustrated

Catalogue. Tells you about great benefits of underdrainage, how to take

levels and met grades. make and lay your tile at low cost.





Imam calm TILE MACHINE co. .





 





 





Please mention the Michigan Farmer when you

are writing to advertisers and you will, do us a favor
Mrs. Modelfarm—“Well, Anty

Drudge, now tell me what you

think of our farm, and the

way we do our work? You see

I always keep plenty of

Fels-Naptha Soap on hand!”



Anty Drudge—“I never saw a



finer, better-kept farm. Every-



thing is so prosperous looking.



But I’d expect no less of a sen-



sible woman like you. Your



home looks like a Fels-Naptha



Home always looks!”





Every woman

who wants to feel

well, and look

young, should use

F e l s - N a p t h a

Soap. It saves

half the labor of

housekeeping.

Does the work

in less than half

the time, and bet-

ter than it was

ever done before.



Fels-Naptha S o a p





does the best work in

cool or lukewarm





 





 





water, without hard

rubbing and scrub-

bing. It cuts grease,

makes clothes white

and sweet, china and

glassware glisten, and

pots and pans shine.





Follow the directions on the Red

and Green Wrapper.





Fels & Co., Philadelphia.





 





 





SAVE MONEY 0N. BHINAWAHE





Buy direct from the manufacturer and save 50 it on

your ohinaware. Greatest assortment of dinner sets.

breakfast sets. etc. to be had anywhere. Nothing but

the BEST china sold through our new “Manufacturer

to Consumer" plan. Write us now. TO-DAY.





EUREKA CHINA 00., Dept. ll, 223 Arch St, Sunbury. Pa.





 





 

 

 

   





   

 





hairs & Tricycles ‘\ g .

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- “.- Worthington Cd. @1'3





 





 





 





 





. v





THE MICHIGAN FARM/ER





EIllllllllIllllllllll|IllllIllllIllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllIlllllllIllIlllIlllllIll||||lIllHI|llllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllll|IlllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||llllllIIlllIllllllllllllllillllllll”NINE





 





Women and Her Needs.





_ At Home and Elsewhere.

$1llIll”||IllllllllllllllllllIllllllll||||l||IllllllIlllllllllllllIllll||Illll||llIlllllllllllllllIllllllIllllllllllllllllllll||llllllllllllllllllI“llIll”ll”llIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||IllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHlllllllll fi





 





Tllllllllllllllllllllll





If You Must Work Do It Right.





OST of us have spells of wishing

Mthat we could be exempt from

work; we don’t actually dislike

work, but we wish we didn’t need to feel

that we must work or starve. \Ve sigh

for a land of ease and plenty where we

could 1011 in easy chairs, while servile

lackeys jumped to anticipate our slightest

wish. Or perhaps our dream is of a.

country where food and clothes grow on

bushes and drop down for us. so that we

need not even have the bother of pluck-

ing them. These are "spells of wishing,”

not our ordinary frame of mind. To most

of us there is joy in honest work hon—

estly done, and in our better moods we

feel sorry for those poor humans who are

exempt.



But the sorrow I feel fer those who do

not have to work is as nothing to the

wrath I feel for those who do have to

work, and then won’t do it right. My

experience with help since I have been

a housekeeer has led me to believe that

there are more girls and women who don't

know how to do things right, or won't do

them right if they can, than there are

the other sort, those who know how to

do their work and would be ashamed not

to live up to the best that is in them.



I have been a housekeeper seven years

and in that time I have had 77 different

washwonicn. Of the 77 only two got the

clothesclean, and they tore off so many

buttons it was almost as much bother to

put the clothes in shape as it would have

been to do the washing. One of these

women had a conscience. She was hon-

estly trying to do the best she could. She

was the only one of the 77 who showed

in any way that she considered right

living had any connection with honesty

in work.



I was taught to work by an old-fash-

ioned mother, who never for a moment

(-oiinienuiiced slipshod ways of working.

Each dish had to be carefully freed of

crumbs and particles of food and piled

in neat stacks before the dishpans could

be gotten out. Plenty of hot soapsuds

for washing and clear hot water for rins-

ing was the rule. The dishes were not

fine, but they had to be clean and shin-

ing and woe to the luckless girl who dar-

ed put a plate away with a streak across

it, or a knife and fork that was not rub—

bed perfectly dry.



The waShing was almost a sacrament.

Each garment was turned inside out in

spite of the grumbles of daughters who

couldn’t see any sense in turning pillow

slips wrong side out when you washed

them, just to have to turn them back on

ironing day. Not a speck of dirt was al-

lowed to remain in a single article, and

if one got by the first rubbing, clean suds

had to be made and the garment rubbed

again. The hanging up was a work of

art. I was for hanging them up any old

way just so they got on the line. Mother

had ideas about symmetry that annoyed

me. The clothes must be hung up by

families, the sheets together, the pillow-

slips, the table cloths, towels. etc., each

in a group. I sometimes rebelliously ask-

ed if a towel would iefuse to dry if it

happened to be hung on the line with the

aprons, but was promptly squelched with

the remark that so long as I lived at

home I would have to do things right.



The ironing was just as much of a fine

art. The clothes were dampened over

night, rolled tightly, and without wrink-

les, and covered in the basket. Then the

irons just hot enough not to scorch, the

great work began. As I remember it





. there was only one way of the board that





was the right way to lay a given garment.

The pillowslips were lain lengthwise with

the hem t0 the left and the seam to-

wards the ironer. Any other way was a

sacrilege. Each piece had to be ironed

dry, no matter howrdamp it was to be-

gin with. and creases and folds must come

just so and so. Any slighting was not

tolerated for a minute, for honest work

was a religous rite in our family.

Sweeping and dusting were the same.

There were no slighted corners nor tops

of tables dusted while the legs went un-

noticed. Bed-making was a work of art.

The wide hems always to the top, the

under sheet right side up and the top

sheet right side doWn. Quilts and blank-





\





ets were well tucked in, there was no

kicking out at the foot when mother

made the beds or saw that we did them

right. All through the house there was

a right way, an honest way, to do a

thing, and Heaven help the one who

didn’t do it that right way.



\\'e used to groan mightily at the time.

“'e knew girls whOSe mothers weren’t

so “fussy,” and we couldn’t see just what

difference it made if we did plump un-

scraped plates in the dishpan, or reverse

the sheets occasionally. We couldn’t see

it then, but we see differently now. \Ve

were being brought up in habits of order

and neatness which have not only meant

more dollars in our pockets when we

worked for other people, but have saved

us dollars since we have cared for homes

of our own. Every thinking person knows

that a thing properly cared for far out-

lasts one that is neglected. Garments

half-washed and poorly ironed, not only

look badly on the wearer, but wear 039*

quicker than those which are properly

cared for. Then the girl who is allowed

to be ”sloppy” in the work that she does

during the formative period of her life,

will go into the world with careless and

slip-shod habits. If she works for others

her lack of thoroughneSs will keep her

from going to the top, and if she marries

and keeps her own home, they often work

to her husband’s financial detriment.

The money which he might otherwise

save he all too often must speiid'io re-

place things which her carelessness

ruined.



The mother with no money often la-

ments that she can not give her children

“a start." Let her teach them to work

honestly, which means thoroughly, and

she will have given them the best "start”

a human being could have. '



DEBORAH.





WHERE LIES THE BLAME?





 





 





BY ELLA E. ROCKWOOD.





‘DIIIDESPREAD awakening to the



fact that the nation is in the grip

of a vice so vile as to be almost

unbelievable is calling out many ideas

as to the cause. lnvestigutions to the

end of determining this are not lacking

for support from all right-thinking people

and it is devoutly to be hoped that not

only the source, or sources, but also a

remedy may be found.



A low wage among working girls may

be in part responsible, yet it would be

unjust to place the blame wholly with

employers.



Environment plays an important part

in the welfare of girls as Well as of ev-

erybody else in the world. Conditions and

circumstances entirely aside from any

pecuniary consideration are alone re-

sponsible for many of life‘s failures. A

girl kept under the guidance of wise par-

elils may never go wrong while the some

indvidual without that wise oversight

which any young person should have dur-

ing adolescence might turn out very dif-

ferently. Remove all restraint and it re-

(1uires a level head indeed, to pi'escrvc

blameless the life of a young person who

looks at the world as a plaice to him: a

good time. And restraining influences are

sometimes necdful for those who have

not the excuse of youth, those who are

as we express it, “old enough to know

better.”



All who have arrived at years of matu-

rity mus‘t realize that it is dangerous to

allow too much liberty and freedom of

action during the formative period, for it

is then that mistakes are most liable to

occur.



Lax methods of parental government

are at the bottom of many a wrecked

life, and the man who pays an insuffi-

cient wage is not the only one to blame

for the moral downfall of his girl em-

ployes. He is right in charging that the

parents have a prior responsibilty in the

case. It is for them to know where and

with whom their daughters spend their

hours of employment, those idle, recre-

ative hours which are by far more dan-

gerous than the hours of honest labor.



In the case of the girl who yields to the

lure of the tempter, away back at the

beginning should have begun the training





 





 

 

 





 





APRIL 12, 1913.





Tiz'AiNEi) NURSE

Rem-rks about Nourishlng Food.



“A physician’s wife gave me a pack-

age of Grape-Nuts one day, with‘ the

remark that she was sure I would find

the food very beneficial, both for my own

use and for my patients. I was particu-

larly attracted to the food, as at that

time the Weather was very hot and I

appreciated the fact that Grape-Nuts

requires no cooking. . , '



“The food was deliciously crisp, and

most inviting to the appetite. After

making use of it twice a day for three or

four weeks, I discovered that it was a.

most wonderful invigorator. I used to

suffer greatly from exhaustion, headaches

and depression of spirits. My work had

been very trying at times and indigestion

had set in.



“Now I am always well and ready for

any amount of work, have an abundance

of actiVe energy, cheerfulness and mental

poise. I have proved to my entire satis-

faction that this change has been brought

about ,by Grape—Nuts food.



“The fact that it is liredigested is a.

very desirable feature. I have had many





remarkable results in feeding Grape-Nuts _





to my patients, and I cannot speak too

highly of the food. My friends constantly

comment on the change in my appear-

ance. I have gained 9 pounds since be-

ginning the use of this food.”



“There’s a reason.” Read the little

Book, “The Road to Wellville,” in pkgs.



Ever read the above letter? A





new one appears from time to

time. They are genuine. true.





and full of human interest.





 





3 great features





Overhead-valve Motor—more

power and speed. Rear Spring

Suspensiondielical expansion

type, insures comfort. Spring

Fork absorbs vibration.



Model H "Lightweight" g



Model K “The Big 4"



Model M " li.p."



Model I.



Get the details.





" win"





\Vrile' today .





’ rns Porn MANUFACTURING co. ’ ’

491 capitol Ave.. Hartford. Conn. ,





Pore-Hartford Automobiles _ 1v, -

o





 





C umbia. and Pope BicyCles %’ M" :

'-,.. w 53""; t

.' 1} I, [62





. , 13:7. 1‘ _ , i,\

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ALBERTA





The Price of Beef





8 Iligli and so is the Price of cattle.



For ears the Province or

4 ALlllzTA, Western Canada).

was the Big nching Country.

Many of these ranches today are

immense grain flelds.a.nd the cat-

tle have given place to the culti-

vation o wheat. oats, barley and

flax, the change has made many

thousands of Americans, settled

on these plains, wealthy, but has

increased the price or live stock.

There is splendid opportunity now to get a





0 FREE nomasrrnn or no ACRES





(and another as a preemption) in the

newer districts and produce either cattle

or grain. The crops are always good. the

climate is excellent, schools and churches

are convenient and markets splendid in

Manitoba, Saskatchewan or Alberta.



Send at once for literature, the latest

information. railway rates. etc.. to





M. V. McInnes

176 Jefferson Ave. ~

Detroit, Mich;





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





 





or write Superintendent of Immigration.

Ottawa. Canada.





 





FOR lNFORMATlON AS TO LANDS IN





The Nation’s

Garden Spot-





'I‘IIA'I' GREAT FRUIT and TRUCK

GROWING SECTION—

alo n g th e





Atlantic Coast Line





RAILROAD





in Virginia, North and South Carolina,

Georgia, Alabama and Florida, write to

WILBUR McCOY.

A. & I. Agt. for Florida.

Alabama, Georgia,

Jacksonvnle. Fla.





E. N. CLARK.

A. & l. Agt. for Virginia

and the Caroliuas,

Wilmington, N. c.





to be sold from factory

direct to you; as a starter

we offer you a beautiful

8300 Piano for only $200, a





snap. For particulars address at once Box 227. Brighton. Mich.





Trained Nurse Wants Children to Board





private home. 1320 24th St" Detroit. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





When writing advertisers. please

mention The Michigan Farmer.





 





 





.- ooh.





 





 





- 5" tar-u—





’.:-‘w~»e- »
.~ no».





 





 





 





. «ta—u “w“

I





_ bread,

with this and one merely buttered With_





‘ APRIL '12,. 1913f ‘





which would have formed a bulwark of

defense. Ignorance stands a. DOOI‘ show

when the appeals of affection or passion

are to be met and dealt with. Forewarn-

9d, many a girl might have WithStOOd

temptation and thereby maintained her

purity. For * forewarned means being

forearmed against any foe.



Too many mothers hesitate to talk with

their daughters concerning this question.

They have the idea that to do so robs

them of their innocence. Vain delusion!

Instead it gives others an opportunity to

poison the mind by misrepresentation and

evil suggestion. ' For the girl is usually

told by her older mates long before the

parent awakens to the necessity of do—

ing so.



0f one thing I have long been convinc-

ed. I am sure fewer girls would fall into

evil ways If properly warned of the con-

sequences before the temptation arrives.

At least they would be better prepared to

withstand it.





 





FOR THE COOK.





 





Date Pie.



One large cup of dates, stoned; put in

a kettle with enough water to cover and

cook until soft; then add one egg, one

small tablespoon flour, two tablespoon-

fuls sugar, one cup of rich milk and a

small piece of butter; bake with one

crust. When cooked, beat the whites of

two eggs. put on top and brOWn in the

oven.



Green Butter Sandwiches.





Chop watercress, parsley 0r nasiurtium

leaves very fine and stir into the but-

ter. Other green butter sandwiches may

be made by taking three tablespoonfuls

of cooked cold spinach, two tablespoon-

fuls of butter, one tablespoonful‘ of cap-

ers, chopped very fine. Put all those in-

gredients Into a mortar and pound to a

smooth paste, adding salt and paprika

to taste. The spinach should be passed

through a sieve before using: then when

the mixture is thoroughly blended pass

through a sieve again and spread on the

using one slice of bread spread





butter that has been beaten to a cream.

“1, 2, 3, 4" Cake.



One cup of butter, two cups of sugar,

three cups of flour, four eggs, nutmeg.

Bake until a deciiate brown.



Chocolate Buns.



One cup sugar, two tablespoons of but-

ter, creamed, half cup of cold water. one.

and one-half cups flour, one teaspoon of

baking powder, pinch of salt. two eggs.

four tableSpoons chocolate, one teaspoon-

ful vanila; bake in moderate oven.



Lemon Icing.



One cup powdered shgar. juice of one

lemon, beatien until perfectly smooth.

It may be necessary to add a little water

in order to make it soft enough to spread

smoothly.





HOME QUERIES.





 





Household Editor: —How do you tell

when fat is hot enough to fry fried

cakes?—Cook.





When the fat begins to smoke drop in

a bit of bread. If it browns in one min-

ute, the fat is hot enough. This test ap-

plies t‘o any uncooked food you Wish to

fry.



Household Editor:_T’Vhich is best for

my family, oatmeal or a wheat breakfast

food?——Anxious Mother.



That food is best for your family which

they can best digest. You can tell what

that is better than anyone else. Oat

meal contains more protein and fat than

wheat, but its excess of fat often makes

it more indigestible than wheat prepara-

tions. It is safe to say that more people

can digest wheat easily than can digest

oatmeal. However, your family, or some

member of it, may prove the exception

to this rule.



Household Editor:—-—For the sake of an

argument, will you please tell me which

is right and why: “She lit the lamp,”

or “she lighted the lamp?”— A.



Either form is correct, as “light" is both

regular and irregular. “She lighted the

lamp." the regular form of the veb, is

given preference by one authority, but

either is correct.





HOME-MADE FURNITURE POKISH.





 





One ounce of beeswax, half an ounce

«f casthe soap and one pint of turpen-

tine. Pare the soap and wax, put them

into a quart bottle and add the turpen-

tine. let it remain for 24 hours and





‘ shake the bottle to mix the ingredients.





Next day shake well again and fill the

bottle with water. 0n the following day

it should be of the consistency of thick

cream, and is then ready- for use.





L' .- L} -.





 





THE MICHIGAN F‘A'RMER





SHORT CUTS TO HOUSEKEEPING.



A stiff scrub brush is a great conven-

ience on wash day for scrubbing the ob-

stinate dirty places on wristbands, col-

lars, overalls, and even kitchen aprons.

—Mrs. R. B. 0.



Have you ever cut squares of butter

paper and kept them hanging within easy

reach to grease the tins on baking day?

—R. B. C.



When a fibre water pail begins to leak

a coat of varnish over the inside will ren-

der it again impervious to moisture and

give it a new lease of life.4E. E. R.



San silk is much nicer for darning than

darning cotton. It wears better and one

can darn faster with it. —A E. L.



To prevent frosting from becoming hard

too soon, and to give it a nice flavor, add

a piece of butter about the size of a

hickory nut to the frosting as you make

it.—Mrs. J. J. O’C.



Small screw eyes which may be pur-

chased at the hardware store for five

cents a dozen are small conveniences that

help toward neatness and despatch. The

butter bowl, the broom, the mop, the

scrub brush, the fly spat'ner, 21 ruler. etc.,

may be hung by them.———Mrs. R. B. C.



Encourage a close friendship between

the family cat and the fowls in the poul-

try yard. Teach puss that chickens are

not to be chased and that she must on

no condition venture inside the nests.

When the chickens have learned not to

fear her she can prowl about at her

pleasure and rats and mice will give the

chicken coop a Wide berth. to the great

saving of mashes, grains and even eggs.

~L. M. T.



“'e have observed that many of the

insect pests troubling ferns may be col-

lected and trapped by cutting a potato

in two, burrowing out a hollow in one of

the cut surfaces and placing the piece,

cut end down, on the soil about the plant.

The tender raw potato appeals to the

appetites of the pests about which they

gather, when they can be caught and

killed.





FASHIONS BY MAY MANTON.





Our large Fashion Book—containing 92

pages illustrating over 700 of the season's





 





latest styles and devoting several pages

to embroidery designs, will be sent to any;

address on receipt of 10 cents. I

' I





 





:\\\\vl .., «j \





, 7.

Y!-





 





 





 





 





No 7666—Girl’ 5 side piaited sailor dress,

8 to 12 year-R. With body and skirt in

one, round or square collar, long or short

sleeves; 2% yds. 36 in. wide with 8’ yd.

27 in. wide fox collar and shield 5 yds.

of braid is needed for 10- year size.



No. 7662—Gir1's apron with yoke back,

4 to 8 years. With high 01‘ square neck,

long or short sleeves, with or without.

pockets and saSh ends; 21,5 yds. 36 in.

wide isneeded for 6-year size.





 





 





 





 





No. 7658-—One buti‘on semi- -prin“°°s

dress, 34 to 44 bust. With five- gored

skirt and over- lapping fronts that may

be closed at either side, 5% yds. 36 in.

wide, with 3/, yd. 27 in. wide for trim-

ming, is needed for medium size.



No. 6838—Boy’s blouse suit, 2 to 6

years; 214 yds. 36 in. wide, with % yd.

of contrasting material any width if belt

is seamed at center back, 154 yds. with-

out seam is needed for 4- -year size.





No. 7472—Boy’s suit, 2 to 8 years; 31/4

yds. 36 in. wide, 35 yd. 27 in. wide for

collar, 4 yds of braid is needed for 6- _

year size



The above patterns will be mailed to

any address by the Fashion Department

of the Michigan Farmer on receipt of

ten cents for each.





 





 





II





t»





 





Dandy 72-page

C o o I: B o o k

mailed Free to

any address on

receipt of five

cents in stamp:

to cover cost of

mailing. Se 11 d

for it today.





 





The Comforts of the City Kitchen

Brought Home to they Farm





Install a NEW PERFECTION Oil Cook-Stove, Madam, and imme-

diately transform your kitchen into a City Kitchen,

venience and efficiency afforded by gasoline or gas but will: one-t/zz'rdto

The handy Cabinet Shelf makes it an all-the-





ane-lzalf less expense.

year-'round cook-stove.





New Per ection





WICK BLUE rLAnflI:





Oil COR-stove I.





is a wonder. Eliminates the dirt, dust

and delay of using coal. More heat

units than gas or gasoline and minus

their odor. Perfectly safe.



Lights on the instant, producing a

true blue flame. Boils. broils, bakes,

roasts or toasts.





Handy to get at. Easy to operate.





STANDARD OIL COMPANY





(AN INDIANA CORPORATION)

CHICAGO, 11.1.. (95)





 





 





”I





i "I //II

/II"I II-IIIII -/'/





 

 





The sink, the taps, the kitchen

cutlery, the cooking utensils,

the floors and the woodwork—

all need Old Dutch Cleanser,

if you wish them kept spotless

and hygienically clean. Old

Dutch Cleanser routs out the

grease, grime, water stains and

rust in a jiffy. Does it with-

out a fuss or a muss. Does it

economically—a little goes a

long way. Keeps the hands

soft and white — free from

kitchen stains.





 

 

 

 

   





Many uses and full directions

on large Sifter Can -— 10c.





 





Write for book-

let which illus-

trates and de-

scribes all mod-

els of the NEW

PERF E C TI ON

Oil Cook-Stove

as well as full

equipment.





 





 





with all the con-





 





Two minutes to install. No flue nor

stove pipe.



Equipped withthenew oilreservoir

and indicator; and with or Without

portable oven, cabinet shelf,odorless

bro1lcr, special toaster, aluminum

pan cake griddle.



Cost—surprisinglysmall. Ask your

dealer for demonstration and prices.





 





 





D





BONDS .‘j‘YIELDING 4/»5/ PAYABLE SEMI'YEARLY B





BACKED BY CERTIFICATES FROM UNITED STATES TREASURY





CERTIFYING. THEY PROTECT





POSTAL SAVINGS BANK FIINDS





AVAIL YOURSELF OF THIS PROTECTION





SEND





sop OUR BOOKLETrBONDS OF OUR COUNTRY





BONDS SENT TO ANY BANK OR EXPRESS

COMPANY SUBJECT TO EXAMINATION





THE NEW FIRST NATIONAL BANK cow-«sumac.
THE MICHIGAN fFARMER“





 

   





APRIL? .12, 1913.





 





Raises the





for itself.





The MONITOR DRILL cannot be

weedy or cornstalk ground, and its draf





Dept. 26





MOLINE,





MONITOR DOUBLE DISC DRILL

Increases the Yield





Saves 20% of the Seed





Hundreds of farmers have carefully tested out the MONITOR DOUBLE

DISC DRILL and i_n every ga__se have foundthat, it increases the yield,

usually from three to seven bushels to the acre—raises the grade and saves

at least 20% of the seed. It will actually save its cost in a single season.





THE MONITOR WAY IS THE ONLY RIGHT WAY





It deposits the seed on the downward turn of the disc—at the bottom

of the furrow—in two rows, one inch apart and covers it with m_oist s_o_il

and not dry top earth as is done by other drills.





Owing to its uniform depth the seed all comes up at the same time—

npens evenly, insuring better grade—increased yield with less seed—it pays





Our FREE Illustrated Book on Monitor Drills will interest you. Write for it today.

The Flying Dutchman Dealer in your neighborhood

sells Monitor Drills. Look him up.





MOLINE PLOW COMPANY





SOLD BY HOME OFFICE AND ALL BRANCH HOUSES





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





Grade





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





clogged in any soil, mud, gumbo or in

t is one-third lighter than any other.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





ILLINOIS





 

 

 





 





 





 





 





Saginaw Valley Sleek Farm





Importers of





Belgian and Percheron

Stallions and Mares.





Formerly of Decatur, Indiana. 15 Years imporlers.





   

   





 

 

 





 





 





Just arrived with an extra good importation

of stallions from 2 to 4 years old, which we

offer at very reasonable and attractive prices

with guarantee the best. If you come with

cash or bankable paper we will try our best

to sell to you. We have our selling cloth on

every day in week. Write your wants or

come and see us.

ELI SPRUNGER d- SON, Props.



Bell Phone 292 I J—2. Saginoirv.w. S. Mich.





DUNHAMS’

PERCHERONS





are today as for the past

forty-seven years the





. B-E-s-T-

Fresh importation. Cat-

alogue FREE





DUNHAMS. Wayne, Du Page County. Ill.





TWO PERCIIERON STUDS, CHEAP.





One imported 13- year- -old, we ighs 1800 lbs., in breed- ,

n condition. One registered ve-year-old. weighing

in show fit. Both hhorses are black with star. Sound.

m$boned' .and gotters of big, uniform colts. rifistered

Butler. Portland. Mich. Bel phone.





F O R SA L E 3,13,23‘3’93"





PERCBERON STALLION





Chapelle No. 62940





Sire Olbert.Si1-e of dam—Calypso. A black weigh-

1800 lbs. Bred by the M1chigan Agricultural

Ono lose, and owned by





A. A. PALMER & SONS, Beldlng, Mich.





PERCI‘I ERON S





bred for utility as well as show quality. Stable



includes several international Winners. Young

stoolkf or sale. Come. or write



B. ANDERSOJS. R. No. 1.Adrain. Michigan.





F0“ :‘lE-‘l Relistered Pfroheron Sgallion. Gray,





 





 





 

 





ri ht,fron1 heavyT stock. Pri ced for quick sale





 





HEWO

BELGIANS





NEW IMPORTATION





We have given more than a quarter

century to importing breeding and dis-





tribution of the Belgian horse. We

handle no other breed and believe we

have now in this new importation of

stallion: and more: a class of horses

that will please you. and all are for

sale at prices not equalled by anyone

in the business when merit is consider-

ed. Will be pleased to have you ask

about them and to visit us at any time.





H. & H. WOLF





Wabash, Ind.

HEWO STOCK FARM





BUSY





EVERY DAY





SHOWING





STALLIONS





SELLING





AT THE

LOW DOLLAR





SEE THEM AT





GEO.W. SOUERS & SONS,





HUNTINGTBN, INDIANA.

(Stallion Service Book,10 cents.)





 





 





 





 





 





fine you registered Clydesdale Stallions



Gale roni years old. In the sprin some



will make ton horses with lots of qual lit good

action. Must sold before 0 d April.





 





UR present wasteful method of

0 marketing farm products, neces-



sitating a horde of middlemen, is

really the farmers’ fault, for by judicious

co-operative selling they could weed out

nine-tenths of the middlemen, get better

prices for their stuff and enable consum-

ers to live more cheaply. It is strange

that farmers have neglected to unite for

co-operative buying, shipping and sell-

ing, for to no other class is organization

so necessary.



Ideal Conditions for Butchering.



Perhaps in no other commercial activ-

ity which farmers might engage would

co-operation work so much to their ad-

vantage as in the conducting of small

packing houses. There is no sense what-

ever in shipping cattle a thousand miles

to slaughter them, and then perhaps ship

some of them back in the form of'dress-

eld beef into the country where they were

fed. Aside from the saving in expense,

and aside from the matter of keeping

the price of meat down to a reasonable

figure for the consumer’s benefit, thus

enabling him to buy more meat, this co-

operative butchering by farmers would

give us better meat. Loading and ship-

ping long trains of excited, feverish cat-

tle hundreds of miles, during which they

are tormented with thirst and with the

rate at which they travel, as well as

With the strangeness of the experience,

then dumping them out of the cars at

the stock yards into pens and perhaps

chasing them from one pen to another,

and finally crowding them wildly down a

long chute where the butchers with mur-

derous knives wait to take their lives.

all has a tendency to injure the quality

of the meat.



Every hunter knows that venison is

sweeter and better if a deer is still-hunt-

ed and shot in the woods, than if it is

shot in front of hounds after a hot chase

which has thrown it into a fever of ex-

citement. Not only does the venison

still-hunted, taste better, but it keeps

better,. for when a deer has been chased

by hounds a. long time and then killed

the temperature of its body has been

raised so high that it requires but a

short time for the meat to spoil when

butchered in the woods, with no immedi-

ate means of icing it. Of course, beef

is put in cold storage as soon as dressed,

and there is no opportunity for it to

spoil, but there is no doubt about the

mcat’s being damaged by the feverish

condition beef cattle have been thrown

into by being shipped to market.





The ideal place to kill cattle and other

food animals is on the farm where they

were fattened. It is impracticable, of

course, to have a packing house on ev—

ery farm, but conditions under which all

animals are to be killed should approx-

imate those on a good farm. The ani-

mals should not be rendered frantic and

feverish by long railway journeys. They

should be raised and fattencd within a

short driving distance of the packing

house, and they should be driven on foot

to the slaughtering place and allowed to

remain there in pastures or groves, and

well fed a few days before they are

killed. If all food animals were killed

under these conditions our meats would

taste better, and be better in every way.

It would not take so much saltpeter and

other preservatives to cure meat if ani-

mals were killed when they ale in a. nor-

mal condition.



Economy in lsloated Establishments.



Instead of having great packing houses

in Chicago, St. Louis, Kansas City, Oma-

ha, and other large cities, there should

be small ones conducted by farmers’ as-

sociations in every large town which has

an ice factory. Meat could then be butch-

ered much cheaper than at present, and

the saving in freight would benefit both

the seller of live stock and the consumer

of meat, for a part of the saving in

freight would go to the farmer in in-

creased prices for his stock, and a part

to the consumer by lowering the price of

packing house products, while the rail-

roads would do more business than now,

in handling a larger quantity of it, for if

meat were cheaperthe people would be

able to buy more.





 





 





3 years old in une, weig t , sound

%. me or write. ELove.B .,3 Howell, Mich.





 





F. A. PETZ, Capac. Michigan.





 





El





 





ElllIllIllllIlllllllIlll[IlllIllilllllllllllllllllllllillllIlllllllilllllllllllllllllilll|Illl|llllIllIllll|lllllilllllllI||IllllllIlllllllil|||lllllllllllllilllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllIllllIlll|lIlllllillIlllIIllllllilllllllilIlllllllllllllllllllillllll=

Farm Commerce.

Ell|lll|llllllll]lIll]ll|IlllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllIlllllllllllllllllIlllll||lllllllI]llllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllE





Possibilities of a Farmers’ Packing House

By I. MOTES.





A thickly settled community of well-to-

do farmers surrounding a good-sized town

could surely induce their merchants to

establish 'an ice-factory if there was not

one already in operation, the farmers

taking part of the stock. This ice fac-

tory need not be near the business cen-

ter. It could be located on the outskirts

of town where insurance rates were low,

and where land was cheap. There should

of course be a cold storage plant near

the ice factory. The beeves, calves,

hogs and sheep could be killed on sur-

r0unding farms, if need be, within two

or three miles of the warehouse then

hurried to town and put in cold storage.



The farmers owning a controlling inter-

est in the ice fatcory could dictate the

price at which ice should be sold to them,

and owning a controlling interest in the

cold storage warehouse they'could dictate

the prices to be charged near-by farm-

ers for dreSSed beeves or quarters, hogs,

etc., kept in their vaults. These individ-

ual farmers could then kill a beef or hog

at: home whenever they wished, and put

it in cold storage and use it for home

consumption, or sell a part, of it to local

butchers, just as suited the requirements

of the owner’s family.



A Good Location.



Such an enterprise could be conducted

successfully if established a mile or two

in the country, for with good rock roads

3. haul of a mile or two with a load of

ice or dressed beef would be a matter of

no more moment than a drive of the

same length along macadamized city

streets. Certainly the ideal place for a.

slaughter house would be in the country

a mile or two, with the ice factory and

cold storage warehouse on that side of

town. This would rid the: tOWn of the

packing house odor, and it would be of

great benefit to the farm on which it

was located.



Perhaps nothing would build up a poor,

run-down farm quicker than the estab-

lishment of feeding pens and a small

slaughter house on it, for the refuse,

waste matter in th:l carcasses of beeves

and other animals could be turned back

to the soil to its tremendous advantage.

Dried blood is one of the finest fertiliz-

ers, being largely nitrogen. It is also

line as stock feed, so it nught bring a,

price as stock feed which would make its

use as fertilizer too expensive. but there

would be waste matter which could be

utilized in no other way, and this could

be applied to the. land.



It w0uld pay any farmer

deal of cattle and some poor land, even

though living near a packing house, to

slaughter his cattle on his own place and

then haul the dressed beef to the cold

storage warehouse .1 mile or two away,

rather than drive his cattle 10 the pack-

ing house and have them killed there. in

the former case he would get the benefit

of a large portion of refuse matter turn-

ed back to his soil. while at the some

time he would be benefited by the near-

ness of the cold storage plant.



A Superior Product.



A small packing house of this kind

could supply all the wants of local butch~

ers, which would be of considerable vol-

ume in a town of 5,000 to 25,000 people,

and it would be convenient for farmers

killing an animal occasionally for home

consumption. Such a packing house lim-

iting its output to local needs and local





with a good





offerings of cattle, etc, for butchering,

could be run cheaply, and whether it

slaughtered 50 cai‘tle a day or a half-





dozen, it would be a dividend paying in-

stitution.



In the butchering of hogs the small

packing h0use and its near—by cold stor-

age warehouse would be a great conven-

ience to farmers and the local grocers

and meat market men, for it would make

possible the killing of hogs under about

the same c0nditions as obtain now on the

farms of intelligent hog raisers. Any man

knows that c0untry-cured hams, shoul-

ders and bacon are better than the same.

grade of meat from present day packing

houses. These packing house products

are too heavy with saltpeter and other

preservatives to please the good judge of

meat. A middle-aged man cannot help
l.

l

l





 





 

 

 





11:311. 12, 1913.:





thinking that present day packing house

products are not as good as they were

25 and 30 years ago. Some allowance

must be made for a man’s heartier appe-

tite in his youthful days, but even taking

this into account we cannot help think-

ing that more saltpeter is used now than

30 years ago, and that more brown sugar

was used then than now. Who can for-

get sugar- -cured bacon and hams he ate

30 years ago, when a boy or a young

man? If such meat' is cured now in. the

great packing houses it doesn’t reach the

average consumer.



The farmers’ packing house could cure

its bacon, hams, salt pork and other pro-

duct's of the hog more nearly like they

are cured by the intelligent hog raiser on

his farm in winter, and with a cold stor-

age plant near by the killing could be

done at any season. A farmer having a

half—dozen or a dozen hogs could drive





Ithem to the near-by packing house and





sell them, whereas now he must have a

car load in order to ship to the packing

house in the city.



With the small packing house close by

a farmer could regulate the number of

his hogs to the amount of his feed. If

his supply of feed ran low in January he

could sell off his largest and fattest hogs

a dozen or so a week, thereby conserving

his feed. If a farmers’ associationowned

a cold storage warehouse the hog raiser

with a limited amount of feed could put

all the meat possible on his hogs by the

first of January and then kill them and

keep the bacon in storage until later in

the winter.



It pays, where a farmer has plenty of

home-grown feed, to carry his fattening

hogs through until February or March,

perhaps, before killing them or sending

them to market, but if your feed is run-

ning short it might be better to force





.your hogs forward during November and





December, when they can run in the corn

and potato fields, orchard, pasture and

other fields, and then,kill them and keep

the bacon for a fancy price in the spring.

carrying nothing through February and

March except brood sows and boars.

TheSe early killings of medium-sized hogs

make better, plumper, sweeter hams and

thinner, more streaked breakfast bacon

sides than the heavy meat’ killed later in

the winter.





 





IMPROVING BUSINESS EHTICS.





 





How an improved standard of business

ethics may be promoted in the public and

private produce marts of the state and

country, was brought to our attention by

an incident occurring on the Detroit East-

ern Market last Tuesday morning. An

officer of the market attracted a crowd of

interested producers as he made a care-

ful measurement of a new type of crate

that one of the producers was offering

apples in. The crate measured less than

a bushel, and while the owner apparent-

ly had purchased the crate, with others,

innocently of the fact that they were not

up to standard in holding capacity, he

was prohibited from using them for the

displaying of produce for sale on any of

the public markets of Detroit. The officer

kindly advised the farmer to return the

crates to the manufacturer, requesting

that crates of the proper size be given in

exchange. What this particular man will

do with the crates we are not aware; but

the lesson to those who saw the incident

and repetitions of like incidents before

others, will impress upon the minds of

sellers an anxiety not to be caught with

short measures. And sooner or later this

state of mind will be brought to the at-

tention of manufacturers, who are con-

stantly watchful to produce things that

people wish to buy, and these manufac-

turers for business reasons will make and

advertise their crates and measures to

be standard—all of which, together with

the better sat’sfaction and the apprecia-

tion of the buying public, must hasten

tht. time when honest measure and hon-

est weights will be quite universal.

ITEMS ON MARKETING FARM PRO-



DUCTS.



Over 50 of the leading fruit growers of

Mason county met at Ludington recently

and discussed the need of a cannery in

that city. Prospects are bright for es-

tablishing such a plant there.





Wish Protection Against American Fruit.





The Fruit Growers’ Association of Brit-

ish Columbia has appealed to the Cana-

dian parliament for protection against

the competition of American fruit, asking

that the tariff be raised from 15 cents a.

box to 20 cents, the latter being the tar-

iff on Canadian fruit shipped into the

United States. The western states have





 





 

 

 

 





inferior fruit in the great Canadian north-

west and have put considerable fruit that

would not carry to the eastern states, in-

to that territory. The British growers

feel that they have a better right to the

trade and have made the appeal to their

government for a. higher projected market.





Hope to improve Marketing Conditions In

St. Louis.



An organization has been affected by

producers about the city of St. Louis,

Mo., for the purpose of bettering condi-

tions for the distribution of their pro-

ducts. They organized a marketing bu-

reau by which they hoped to bring the

producer in closer touch with the con-

sumer. The preliminary formalities, to-

gether with the election of officers, were

completed March 21.



Florida Dealers Have Finally Gotten



Together.



At last the Florida citrus handlers who

for a. number of years have been waging

an expensive competitive warfare, seem

to have gotten together. Last week a

meeting of the many interests was held

at Tampa at which time a central bureau

for the collection and dissemination of

crop and market news; was established

and a movement for the general adver-

tising of Florida fruit, as well as for re-

ducing the number of middlemen through

whose hands the fruit must pass, was

launched. By the latter move the mem-

bers of the new association hope the pur-

chaser may be given better service and

the producer more money for his product.

The members seem determined to make

the bond of Organization strong enough

that the concern may stand the stress of

severe opposition.



Butter Market Affected by Flood.



Quotations for butter run up to the sen-

sational price of 43 cents in New York

city during and immediately following

the floods in the central states, but are

now gradually settling back to its former

level around 34 cents. The floods prevent-

ing shipments from the west, caused a

temporary shortage and the inability of

other eastern markets to get supplies

from producing sections forced the de-

mand here above what the local call

would have mounted it. The incident had

the advantage of cleaning up much infe-

rior butter that remained in the hands

of dealers. There is still a. scarcity of

good grades.





 





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





 





Livingston 00., April 4.—The weather

the later part of March and thus far in

April has been very unfavorable for

farmers. So much rain has prevented

them from getting on the ground and

very little has been accomplished. Re-

cent heavy winds have done considerable

damage to small buildings, orchards, etc.

Wheat and new seeding has come through

the winter in fine condition. Fat stock

has been selling at almost prohibitive

prices. Not much grain moving to mar-

ket. Help will be very Scarce this sea-

son. Farmers are offerings the highest

wages for good help.



Emmet 60., April 5.—~Snow went about

the middle of March; much rain during

the last half of the month. Streams are

swollen and fields flooded, with bad wash-

outs in the roads, in many instances.

Wheat and rye came through looking

well, also clover seedings. No farm work

in, progress, and it will be impossible to

do anything in the way of fitting ground

for crops fer some time, even though

there is no more rain.



Kalkaska 00., April 7.—Weather con-

tinues unfavorable for farm operations.

freezing and thawing, with occasional

flurries of snow, causing considerable

damage to clover. Fall grain in a normal

condition. Farm products not bringing

satisfactory prices with the exception of

meats and butter-fat. Stock in good con-

dition, owing to an abundance of cheap

feed and reductions in holdings.



New York.





Genesee Co.., March 27.——Rain for near-

ly a week. Nearly all the cold weather

came during February and March. A

splendid quality of ice was obtained last

month. On the whole, a very open win-

ter. Physicians and veterinarians kept

busy. Grain looks very good, considering

that it had only a few weeks of protec—

tion during the winter. Auction sales

plentiful. All kirkis of live stock selling

very high. Farms not changing hands

much now'. Land in most cases is being

held much above actual value. Prices of

produce uncertain. Many farmers not

making good. Following are the prices

offered by dealers, not the retail prices:

Butter, dairy, 26@28c; butter. creamery,

37c; pork, dressed, 100; pork, live, 75cc;

eggs, fresh, 18@20c; chickens, live, 15¢

per lb; turkeys, live, 20c per lb; ducks,

live, 18c per lb; lambs, dressed, 14c;

wheat, $1; oats, 40c; potatoes, 450; beans

pea, $1.90 per bu; beans, medium, $1.90;

beans, red kidneys, $1.95; beans, red mar-

row, $2.05; hay, timothy, choice, 0n track

$17@17.50; No. 1 clover mixed $12. 50@

13, oat and wheat straw. $9@9. 50; fat

steers, $7. 25@9; fat cows, $6@7. 25; choice

fat heifers, $7. 25@8.





 





 





You should read in next week’s issue

of The Farmer a suggestive article re-

lating how a community of farmers' suc-

cesfully conducted a co-operative laundry.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





found quite an outlet for much of their





 





 





 





 





 





 





F0" SALE—Blacmrclfi‘gfitndsltéllliwon ¥ri aldbier I? I

“1‘9 good work horse inD " 1





ayment: aborgain if

taken soon. WM. BI





11. Johns. Michigan.





 





' —-with one or more sons to work on dairy

Marmd Man m... m.}.3....... Steady employ-

ment. GEO. STRONG. lSoul: Rockwood. Mioh1gan.





BlEEIIEIlS’ Dill-SCH)“.

CATTLE.





—-Horcec. cattle. sheep. swine and

For sale ”Wiggly: nearly all breeds. Sires





 





 





 





17—473





 





—-B lls ready for service. bred for

JOI‘SOYS pilloduction. Also cows and heifers

Breakwater Farm, R.F. D. No. 7. Ann Arbor. Mich.



" -Nostock

Dairy Bred Shorthorns .0. .,...,

at. present. J. B. HUMMEL. Mason. Michigan.





' -—L C ttl H a Milken.

Dal” Shorllllll'l“ mdigfiecEaSr aellvcyows kept.





No stock for sale at present.

W. W KNAPP B. No. 4. Watervllet. Mich.





Sooich Shorlhorn Bulls and Heller: For Salo.





W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





exchan South W an Pedigreed Stock —

Asc'n.. avidWoodmnn. ScMo'iy. agrees. .inin.Mich. SHEEP,

REGISTERED HAMPSHIREss

Aberdeen-An us. 7111neRam.3E\\es&3LamI1s. .11.... $50

0. D. WOODBLRY Lansing. Mich. -





Herd. consisting of Trojan Ericas. B ackbirds and

Prides. 01:101. is headed by Egerton W. the GRAND

CHAMP bull at the State. West Michigan and

Ba CityI Fairs of 1912 and the sire of winners at these

Fa mend at. THE INTERNATIONAL, Chicago. of

1912. WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionla. Mich .



—-One of foremost dairy





AYR. S H I RE breeds: young“ bulls





and bull calves for sale. Berkshire swine pure



bred. Michigan School for Deaf. Flint. Mich.

GUERNSEY BULL CALVES, .



YORKSHIRE PIGS. Good Stock.



HICKS GUERNSEY FARM. Saginaw. W. 3.. Mich.



f .

10 lleg. Guernso ¥3lfghi33dyhogit '%£L‘°%e.{"§%i’

Comeor write. J HN EBELS 0 Holland. Mich.





HEREFIIRII BULLS FOR SAI. 833511333





ALLEN BR08.. Paw Paw. Michigan.





IIA'I‘CH IIEIIII IIOISTEIN 1%8‘3135h‘123





enable prices. HATCH HERD. Ypsilanti Michigan.





HOICE Bull Calves from A. R. O. dams. Sired by

C our herd sire whose dam and sire a dam each made





over 30 lbs. in 7 days E. KCornell. Howell, Mich.





A new Cameo... Horseman Ba“ 3:112?





GREGORY & BORDENS.a Howell. Mlchlgan.





NR SALE—IIIILS'I‘I-IIN BULL CALF





B J 6 5,1912 sire a son of the King of the

Pgilililiaosmfroma a den htcr of Hengerveld DeKol

Dam o calf. AILO ' daughter of Sadie Vale

Concordia sPaul nDeKol, herdam 1.2011) imported cow.

[3 .LEWIS. Marshall. Ml ch.





 





Purebred Registered





H OLSTE IN CATTLE



The Greatest Dairy Breed

Sand for FREE Ills-mud Booklet

Holstein-Fried“. Mo., 301 I64. Brnttlcboro.Vt.





"Top-Notch" Holsteins.





Yearling bulls all sold. Choice bull calves from 2 to

7 mo. old, of fashionable breeding and from dams

with official milk and butter records for sale at.

reasonable price





MOPHEISON SPARKS 00.. Howell. Mlohluln.





Service Bulls and Bull calves





Slrod by Johanna Boroordla Champion,





whose sire’s dam and dam's dam average 34.06

lbs. butter in 7 days, average fat 4.67 % Also cows

and heifers bred to him. I can ofl'er you bulls at

bargain prices. Try me and see. and do it quick.





L. E. CONNELL,

Fayette. -





Bigolow’s Holstein Farms





Brccdsvillo, Mich.

Have for sale several fine young

bulls out of cows with high oflicial

butter and milk records.



Send for circular.





FAIR LAWN FARM





Offers the following young





Holstein Friosian Bull





Prince Sarcastic—





Fine in form and breeding. Beautifully marked.

Sure to please you.





REED 6: KNOWLES, Howell, Mich.





LONG BEACH FARMS,

IIOLSTEIII BULL GALVES





WORLD RECORD STOCK. from $75 to $250

Augusta.(Kalamnzoo Co.) Mich, F. S. Kcnfleld. Prop.





 





 





Ohio.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





L ' { ——Yearl1n and ram lambs from Chem ion

"cos ors flock of ‘humb of Mich. Also selm 1; wk

shire swine. Elmhurst Stock Farm, Almont. Mich





“ oxronoowu SHEEP "‘l’.31%¥.lpilli..:‘:in.‘l‘:‘:.

PARSONS, nigger. 91.230: onino LEooE, Mlon.





ling. llamobuillei Sheep. Pure Broil Poland China

HUGS and PERCHERO HORSES. AZKO miles

EMorrice. onG.1..R R. and NM U. .J. Q.A 00K.





SHROPSHIRES (3 DUROCS





KOPE-KON FARM. Kinderhook. Michigan





HOGS.





 





 





 





 





' ' —A Desirable Bunch of Sows of

”moss & VICIOIlas Either Breed due A 1‘11 and Mfg

M. 1‘. Story, R. R. 48 Lowell. Mich. ity Phonefg





brooding: best. type.





Quick Motoringl Berkshires—3°“ ammo... ............d

or money ref ed. 0. S. BARTLETT. Pontiac. Mich.





“‘ THIS





30W WEIGHED 932 I35.

A 23 MONTHS O D

‘ noma- GIRL





I have started more breeders on the road to sho-

oess than any man living. I have the I argost and flu-





 





est hard in theU S.Every one an early developer.

ready for the market at six months old. I want to

film one has in each community to advertise my

erd Write for my plan.‘ 'How to Make Money from

Page." 0. 8. BENJAMIN. R.No. I 0 Portland. "loll.





 





 





‘N Write me for

00 I. C. S IN rice on Spring

Pigs, pairs and tries. not akin. ave a number

of serv1ce males of good in?“ Write me describing

of your wants. A. GORD .No. 2 Dorr. Mich.





 





o l c Extra choice bred gilts. service boars

I I I and spring p1gs. not akin from State

Fair winners. Avondnle Stock Farm. Wayne. Mich.





 





o I c I —ull sold. Orders booked for April

I I s and May pigs of the choicest breeding.

C. J. THOMPSON. Rockford. Michigan





0 l C) —All sold. will book orders for

o 5. March pigs.



ALBERT NEWMAN. Mariette, Michigan

0 l (:95 -—Bred sows, March 138 pairs and

tries. Bufl' Rock 8251.1501361'15.



FRED NICKEL R. l. bionroe, Michigan.

0 l C —Boars all sold. A few 311128 of



0 extra quality. bred or op



GEO. P. ANDREWS. Dansville. Ingham 00.. anoh,

0 I C’s—All ageing growth and large. Males

ready. mtoselect rom. Attractive rices



on young stock UMP Munich. Mic .





 





 





 





 





 





0 l c —1 extra quality last March gilt Wt. 395 Ibe~



due to farrow April 14th. fprice $123 Bred

to Scott No. 1. Grand dChampion. terested write.

Otto B. 501111129. 54 mile west of depoIt, Nashville. Mich.





—F l

BURN-JERSEYS p39... tithifé‘itréiiif" £132.52

all ages. SPECIAL BARGAIN in summer pi

Brookwater Farm, R. F. D.No. 7. Ann Arbor, Mic .





MILES ILL 80'. 0 WI ONE—“3'3"“ 1.11 12%?608122





Station A. Bay City, Mich. Route0 4. Box 81





 





 





 





F or sale—A few first:1 class fall gs of

Illiroc Jerseys both sexes, weight150.lbs to £1011)...

pr1oe $25 each. M. A. BRAIL. Okenios. Michigan.





DUROCS BRED SOWS all sold. Service Boats 840

to 850. January pigs 812 to 31.”), either sex. Satisfac-

F. B. Cook. Route 2. Stanwood. Mich.





 





tion guaranteed.





DURIIC JERSEYS-BED Gills FOIl SILE.

CAREY U. EDMONDS, Hastings. Michigan.

DUIIOII JERSEY entrant" FAVE $35832”.

Ipay the express. J. H. BANGHART. Lansing. Mich.





POLANII CIIINAS’ESJi mamas“ Hm“





Prices right. W. J. HAGELSHAW. Augusta. M1ch.





 





 





 





 





HOLSTEIN BULLS—well bred, at reasonable prices

Barred Rook Chickens from 15 years breeding. Good

layers eggs 15 for 81 W. B. Jones. Oak Grove. Mich.





 





REGISTERED HOLSTEIN HEIFER CALF two

weeks old dark markings. very nice extra good

breeding. one hundred dollars delivered at y our ex recs

oflicc. write for pedigree. Hobart W. Fay, M880D.‘ ioh.





-——Llargest in Michigan. Bred ilts

Large Typo P- ll. d, have some good pt.

and Oct. pigs that. havle sizlc. bone and quality “into

your wants or come and sec. Ex ensea paid if not as re-

presented. Freeliv.ery W. E. L vingston. Parmn. Mich.





A BIG 1YPE POLAND CHINA BOAR—Cheap or

’ will exchange for now. few Ii ht “eight.

gilts loft. ROBERT NEVE. Pierson. Michigan.





 





 





THREE FlIlE REG. HOLSIEIII HEIFEIIS ifirri‘élene‘ififi

June. Nicely marked and from very choice stock.

Will take four hundred dollars for the three. They





cramming two years old. J.B .Steerc, Stanton. Mich.





BULL CALVES





Offered by YPSILAND FARMS. Yawilantl. Mich.

Home of Milk and Butter State hiamp ons.





BUTTER snap JERSEY .1;er





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK %‘AR

Silver Creek. Allegan County. Michigan.l





FOR SALE. GHEIP"8E€.‘%€1.J°’1“2‘?’ “'11.?30521'3





fellow from a dnsm psoducin over 500 lbs. butte

in9 months. 0.8 .BASSET’I‘? Kalamazoo. Mich. r





 





 





 





—Re istercd Jersey Cattle tubero Iin tect-

For saled ed a and bull calves. eifer agd heifer

calves: cows with llReai filter of Merit tnnd Cow Testing

Association rcoords. RVIN FOX. Allcflan. Mich.





Lillie Farmstead Jcrcc c

wail£vow Gbflfifii; gill from “bet.





cal calve- out of

resent. Satisfaction m

p COLON NC.





 





 





 





'cmclcc for solo at

.Coonclcvmc. Mich.





 





 





POLAND CIIINAS‘iiiiiiS' at. :l‘ 28?: $2123:





P. D. LONG, R. No. 8. Gran Rapids. Michigan.





I’. C. BCAIIS AND SOWS“;"°£§$Z;.§EE§





A. A. WOOD & SON, Saune.y Michigan.





ARGE Yorkfshires—Choice hreedin at k. l

L not akin. from State Fair prize-$13361: 13:3.»

.COOK.R R.42 Box 22.6.1“. M oh.





—long ones weigh

““9. lililhsllfl. ””1339 31%“ “131161111551";

WATERMAN, Ann Arbor. Mich” Meadowland Farm.





mAug. fnrrcwed lltaf -

Yorkshire Swine 1... 3,... .9... an: smug; 3.3“;

Champion York and n beat carom “913

'8' 1119 Show at E. Lansing. J an

.MoMULLEN, Grand 1.0.1.2. Michigan.





Lillie FarmSload YURKSHIBES





Spring br Hilts all ”111.611“ b cd f M

furrow grit ember pigs either cola. 1121;103:116.“th





n“ "c“OLOWC. TILL? “£33,..‘mue. Ml“





Mention tho Michigan Farmer

when writing to advertisers.





grees furnished “KC
ill





Markets.





lilillilllllllllililllillllllllilllilili||||lllillIiillIllllllilllllllilllllillllllllll|lllillllllllilllliiiilllliillll

GRAINS AND SEEDS.





d ': éiilllllllilllillilllililllillliilllllllll|Illllllilll|lililllllillllillilllllliiIIlliiilllIillllliillllllililililliiiiil





 





April 9, 1913.





Whoat.-——Cash wheat and May develop-

ed strength the past Week and the av-





erage prices ruled 3c above those for

the previous week. The advance was

gradual, reaching its highest point on

Monday, following which a slight reac-

tion occurred, due to the government

crop report which placed the growing

crop of the United States at 11 points





above the crop conditions for the same

time in 1912. Among the considerations

operating to pi'UtillCc higher values was

the arrival of the period of greatest dan-

ger to the growing crop, not only from

unfavorable weather. bttt also from iii-

sect pests. There. is some talk already

of the appearance of the chinch bugs in

Kansas and other western states. More

or less acreage will also be abandoned

because if winter killing and the recent

floods, Tie position of the cash deal has

shown some improvement and in the

nortl'iwcstcrn states the movement of

grain from the farms to_prlmary elcvai~

ors has fallen off considerably and for-





eign markets continue to show strength.

()ne ycar ago the price for No, 2 red

wheat was 81.01% per bu. Detroit quo-

tations for the past week are:



No. 2 No.1



lied. \\'hitc. May. July.

Thursday .109 1.08 1.091;, 93%;

Friday ....... 1.10 1.09 1.1014, 94

Saturday ..... 1.1011- 1.091/;- 1.1034 91

Monday ...... 1.12 1.11 1.12 941.5,

’l‘ucsday ..... 1.115,, 1.1011,. ring 93:»,

\\'cdncsday . .1.12 1.11 1.12 941,;



Chicago, t.\pril 81.» No. 2 red wheat,





510401108; May, 92c; July, 9015c per bu.

York, t.\pril 81.~ .\'o. 2 red, $1.13

afloat; May, 99c; July, 8734c per





New

1'. o. b.

bu.



Corn—Prices improved here in harmony





with those of Wilcut. Wet weather t'tlll-

tinues to prevail oycr .1 large portion of

the corn belt and roads are in bad

shapc so that t‘armcrs arc unable to de-

liycr corn in any quantity. The stocks

in country elevators haVc, as a result,

been largely rcduccd. l'rituary receipts

Monday amounted to 110.000 bu. One





year ago .\'o. 3 corn was selling at 76520

per bu. on the local inarkct. llctroit

quotations for the past Week are as fol-

lows:





No. 3 No. 3

Corn. Yellow.

Thursday 54 55

Friday ..... 531/5), 541,4,

Saturday . . . . ........ 541,2 551,2

Monday . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541,12, 55%.

'1‘ucstiay ........ . . . . . ..... 55 56

“'ednesday ....... . ....... 551,; 561/3

Chicago, t.\pril 8).—~r.\'o. 2 com, 56@





Mtge; No, 2 yellow, 50g57c; May, 5514c;





July, 56c per bu.



Oats—This deal advanced with wheat

and corn. There has been fairly liberal

selling of outs in some of the larger





ltcports from France show the

condition of the winter oat crop there to

be substantially the same as a year ago.

One year ago the local price for standard





markets.





oats was 601,3c per bu. Detroit quota-

:ions for the past week are as follows;

No. 8



Standard. \Vhite.



Thursday ................. 371,2 301,:



Friday .................. 37!,» 3131p



Saturday ................ . 371,9 361,2),



Monday ................... 3713 3032

Tuesday .................. 38 37

“'ednesdaty .............. 38 37



Chicago, (April 8).—No. 2 white, 37@



37m; standard. 36g Sofie; May, 351,50;





July, 343’5C per bu.



Beans—Beans lost the Sc advance made

a week ago, during the past week but

regained this loss again on Tuesday.

Trading is not actiVe. Beans were sell—

ing on the local market a year ago at

$2.42 per bu. Immediate and prompt

shipment are now quoted at $1.95; May,

$2 per bu.



Chicago,

curred in -bean

The market is





(April Si.——.\'o change has oc-

quotations at this point.

slow. Pea beans, hand-





picked, fancy. quoted at $2.20’o2.25; do.

choice, $2.05’u‘2.10: primc. 81.801118511'cd





kidneys, $1.750} 2.25; white kidneys. $2.60

@275 per bu.



Clover Seed.—The past week has been

a really active one in the clover seed

deal. and because of the lively demand

prices have gone up over a dollar for

common seed. Alsike shows an advance

of only 25c per bu. Cash seed is now

quoted at $13.23 and prime alsike at

$12.75 per bu.



Toledo, (April 81.—Common seed shows

a substantial advance in price, cash be-

ing exchanged at $13.70 per bu. and

April at $13.50; prime alsike, cash, $12.00

per bu.



Timothy Seed—This deal is unchanged

with trade moderately active. Prime spot

sold TueSday at $1.70 per bu.



Toledo, (April 81.~—Cash timothy seed

rules a little lower than last week, now

being quoted at $1.70 per bu; Sept., $1.95

per bu.



Rye—This cereal rules a fraction high-

er than last week. The government crop

report indicates the condition.of the

growing crop for the first of April to_be

but one-half point abovethe condition

on the first of April, 1912. No. 2 rye is

now quoted at Sol/fie per bu.



Chicago, (April 8).——No change in quo—

tations; No. 2 rye, 60%@61c per bu.



Barle .—Chicago. (April 8).—Quotations

for 111i: grain range from 46@68c per

bu., the highest figure being 3c above

the top limit ft“ lasr week.





FLOUR AND FEEDS.



Floun—Jobbing lots in 1,4 paper sacks

are selling on the Detroit market per 196

lbs. as follows: Beat patent. $5.60; sec-

ond, $5.20; straight. $4.90: spring patent,

$5.10: rye flour, $4.60 per bbl. .



Feed.—-Detroit Jobbing prices in 100-

1b. sacks are as follows: Bran. $23:

coarse middlings, $23; fine middlings, $27;

cracked corn, $22.50; coarse corn meal,

$22.50; corn and out chop, $22 per ton.



Hay.——l"oor roads have reduced offer-

ings and prices are improved with the

demand fair. Cariots on track at Detroit

are: No. 1 timothy, 814(101450; No. 2,

$11.50@12.50; light mixed. $13@13.50: No.

1 mixed. 15116111250 per ton.



Chicago—Market higher, largely due

to cutting off of deliveries. Choice timothy

magnate per ton: No. 1. 151550001650;

No.,2 and No. 1 mixed, $146915; No. 3 and

No. 2 mixed, $106011; clover, $5.50@10.50:

alfalfa. choice, $17@18; do. No. 1, $15@

16 per ton.



Straw.—Steady. Carlot prices on wheat

and out. straw on Detroit market are $8

$8.50 per ton; rye straw, $8@10 per ton.



Cliicago.——1iiglier. ltye, $8.50fti)9.50;

wheat straw, $6@6.50; oat straw, $6.50@7

per ton. ’





DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





 





Button—The expected decline in Val-

ues began early this week and the drop

was sharper than had been anticipated,

lClgin showing a loss of Sic. All markets

were affected. but as stocks were clean-

ed tip readily at the lower range a rally—

ing tendency soon asserted itself. Lo-

cally, all grades of creamery are 3c. lower

but other kinds are unchanged. Detroit

jobbiug prices rule as follows: .lt‘ancy

creamcry. 330 per lb; firsts, till/dc; dairy,

2-lc; packing stock, 22c.



Night. Market firm at 32c.

market all kinds are





(‘ilit‘llg(l.‘“"lil this

quoted lower, and dealers' anxicty to

meet the views of buyers is due to the





fact that a considerable proportion of the.

offerings are unsatisfactory as to qual-

ity. li‘cclilig is steadier, however. than

earlier in the week. Quotations are: Ex-

tra crcamery, 34c; extra tlrsts. melamine;

firsts, 310(‘32c; seconds, 29(11‘30c; dairy ex-

tras, :l2c: firsts, 28c; seconds, 25c; pack—

lug stock. 12m 241/3c as to quality.



New York.» This market came back

strong after Monday‘s drop. and is now

tirm at a good advance over last week's

figures. Quotations are: Creamery c):-

tras, 37c: firsts. :i5‘v.’_.(u‘:liil,§c: seconds, 34

(it‘lli'icz state dairy, good to prime, 82th

34c: common to fair, 27((031c; packing. 20

61240 as to quality.



Eggs— rltlverywberc

in’ a stronger position than a week ago,

due to continued good demand for im-

mediate consumption and to thc disposi—

tion of buyers to store surplus offerings.

Locally prices have improvcd slightly

during the week. .-\t lletroit current of-

t'crings‘, candied, and cases included, are

quoted at 180 per dozen.



Chicago.—~'l‘his market is very firm de-

spite increasing receipts. .-\ll grades are.

fractionally higher and fresh gathered

stocks, packed for storage, are in good

demand. Miscellz‘incous receipts. cases

included, are quoted at 17(4117-‘iic: do..

cases returned, litiggzli‘uc: ordinary

firsts. ltiil,,(uch; firsts, 17lfitt‘t‘17lfic; Ston-

age packcd, tirsts, 18340.



New Yorkr—li‘irm: values practically

unchanged. Fresh galhercd extras, 20%;,

«mile: firsts, lill-gftfmlc: fresh gathered,

storage packed, firsts, 1915(1‘20c; western

gathered. whites, 19(11‘210.



Poultry.»~lleccipts limited and feeling

firm in all markets. Locally there has

been no change frotu the extreme values

which ruled laSt week. Quotations are:

l.ivc.——~Spring chickens, 17!:é61118c; hens,

17%(1‘18c: No. 2 hens, 150: old roosters,

12c: turkeys, 196t‘200; geese, 15((D151/éc;

ducks, 18(f2ilc per lb.



(‘hicago.—-Last week’s advance on fowls

and spring chickens did not hold. Dc.-

mand sutlicicnt to absorb all offerings

at steady prices. The quotations on live





eggs appear to be





are: Turkeys. good weight. 15c: others,

10c: fowls. good. 17c: spring chickens,

ch: ducks. large. fat, 18c: do.. thin, or-





dinary, 1501116c: geese. full feathered, 120;

do.. plucked, 8&3‘10c per lb: guinea. hens,

$4 per dozen.

CheeserwAll

lots, Michigan

old. 1611307170;

new, 1601‘161-(301





lower. VVhOiesale

new. 13%.(17140;



York flats,

old. 1867181530: brick

cream. 145T141éc: limburger, 1860190.



Veal.~~l"tetroit.-l’rices recovering from

a marked drop late last Week, due to an

oversupply. Fancy, 13@1~ic; common,

1167120



Chicago.*l\1arket improving. a. slump

late last week having placed values on 8.





kinds

flats.

New





materially lower level. Fair to choice.

8067110 lbs, 11@12c; extra fancy stock,

121éfi13c; fair to good chunky, 10%@

111;.c.





WOOL.





Boston—There is very little to say re-

garding the wool market due to the fact

that dealers here are winding up the

season to get their bins ready for the

new clip. Thus far little attention has

been given to the 1913 product, presum-

ably because future conditions of the

market are more uncertain than ordinary

and also because farmers are holding

their crop at a good figure. Sales from

the stores here were small this past

week. most of them being remnants.

Prices were about steady with former

values. At the English auctions at Lon-

d0n sales were active and the offerings

sold readily at steady prices for most

grades.





 





 





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





Apples.—Trade is improving at last

week’s Values. Detroit quotations now

are: Fancy, per bbl., $2.50@3.50; ordi-

nary. 75c@$1.50 per bbl.





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





 





Chica'go.——-Fancy grades are steady

while lower kinds are sold at. buyers’

prices. Standard winter varieties, '82@

4.50 per bbl. ‘ _ '



Pdtatou.-\\'ith a majority of the large

markets showing an improvement in the

potato deal last week, the local market

took on a little better spirit but since a

weaker tone developed from as increase





of supplies. Values remain unchanged.

Michigan stock in car lots, 43@45c per

busheL





Chlcago.——Although better conditions

prevailed last week, hoavy supplies Mon-

day depressed the trade and brought





lower values. Fancy Michigan stock. 43

@450 per bu; best VVisconsln, 40@45c;

Minnesota, 4360450.





New York—Plenum] and easy. West-





ern stock, $1.85@2 per 180-11). bag.

DETROIT nus-nut. PRICES.





 





Detroit Eastern Market.-—~In most lines

this market was as satisfactory as it has

been for some time past. The amount

of produce was well up to the average

Volume for the season and prices are

fair. Apples are ruling a little higher

with the best grades being sold at around

$1.25per bu. and from there down to 500.

Potatoes are steady at: 55c. for good qual-

ity. Cabbage is plentiful at 20¢ per bu.

other quotations: Carrots, 25c; parsnips,

25c; celery root, 40c; turnips (small), 40

((11300; rhubarb, 25611350 per bunch. Loose.

hay is selling slowly at $16@18 per ton.





Grand Rapldo.





The annual report of the city market

superintcmlent shows total receipts for

the past year were nearly $9,000, a gain

over the previous year despite bad weath-

er and light crops, of $378. The market:

will reopen April 15, many stalls already





having been taken. l'lairy butter is 10

lower this week. The egg market is

steady owing to the large demand for

storage purposes. No. 2 red wheat is

worth $1.04; oats, 30c; corn, 55c; beans,

$1.50. Potatoes are in better demand,





though prices are not much higher, rang-

ing from :iOfutzl5c. liay is steady at $10

((1111 per ton.



THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.



Buffalo.

April 7, 1913.



(Special lleport of Dunning &. Stevens.



New York Central Stock Yards,



liIuSt Buffalo, Ncw York).



Receipts of stock here today as follows:

Cattle, l40 cars; hogs. 100 double decks;

sheep and lambs, 75 double decks; caIVcs

1,000 head.



'\\'iih 140 loads of cattle on our market

here today, and 28,000 reported in Chico-

go, we, have to report an active cattle.

market at strong 1001.150 per cwt; higher

on all good grades than last Monday.

Everything- well cleaned up at the finish.



\Ve quote: Best 1:150 to 1500-1b. steers.

888067015; good prime 1200 to 1300-lb.





do.. 88.7501‘885; good to prime 1100 to

1200-lb. do,, 982501850; coarse, plainish,

1100 to 1200—lb. do.. $7.25@7.85; medium

butcher steers, 1000 to 1100, $725608;

butcher steers. 950 to 1000. $7.25@7.75;





light do.. $0.75fi‘7.25; best fat cows, $6.50

6:17.25; butcher cows. $5.25fgi'6; light (10.,

84.50/115; trimmers, 83.756714; bcst fat heif-

ers. $7.7Mr8.50; medium butcher heifers,

86.75617; light (10., $6096.40; stock heifers,

8525611550; best feeding steers, dehorned

$7.25@7.50; fair to good do.. $075607;

prime export bulls, “25617.50; best butch-

er bulls, $6.75fl725; bologna bulls, $5.75@

6.50; stock bulls. $5635.50: best milkors

and springers. $65@80; common to fair

kind do.. $406050.



We had a liberal supply of hogs today.

footing up 100 double decks. Fair receipts

at all western markets. and with just a.

limited demand here, market was but lit-

tle changed from the close of last week.

Packers did not pay over $9.50 for any-

thing, while shippers bought their light

grades at $9.50(¢E9.55: pig weights up to

$9.60: roughs, 88.2567850; Stags, $7.50@8.

Trade closed rather quiet and about 25

double decks going over unsold. mostly

on hold orders. Our market about in line

with other points, still it will be a. hard

fight with the number of holdovers to

get much reaction for a few days.



The sheep and lamb market was ac-

tive today: prices about steady with the

close of last week. Most of the choice

lambs selling from $9.40@9.50; heavy

lambs, $8.606F8.75. Look for about steady

prices the balance of the week.



“'e quote: Choice lambs, $9.40@9.50;

cull to fair do.. 3175000925; yearling weth-

87.506118:





ers. 885067875: yearling ewes,

wethers. 8750611775; handy ewes. $7.25@

7.50: heavy ewes, $7607.25; cull sheep,





$3.50@5.50: bucks. $4605.25; Veals, choice

to extra, $10@10.50: fair to good, $6@9.50;

heavy calves, $4.50@6.





 





Chicago.

April 7, 1913.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Ii’eoeived today ......28,000 40.000 20.000

Same day last year..18,973 41,879 19,107

Received last week..39,651 167,803 82,316

Same week last year.40,880 104,135 88,777



Cattle opened very slow this week, with

too liberal a. supply for Monday, and

prices were off 10c generally. some lots

looking 15c lower. Today’s hog market

was a lively one, prices being a dime

higher for the best light weights, with

heavyhogs showing less advance. Hogs

sold at $8.70@9.40. The average Weight

of hogs marketed last week was 241 lbs.,

compared to 232 lbs. 3. month ago, 221

lbs. a year ago, 237 lbs. two years ago

and 226 lbs. three years ago. Sheep and

lambs Were in strong demand at firmer

prices. and it was thought that before

the day closed some prime offerings might

sell higher.



Cattle have been received in such small

numbers in recent weeks that slaughter-

ers last week took hold much better than

usual. competing with each other ’for fair





supplies, and prices pursued an upward





Sir-an; 172, 1913.





course, nearly an kinda sharing in the

advance of 250 or more. A large share

of the beef steers crossed the scales at

$8@8.80, with choice to fancy heavy

behaves bringing $8.80@9.20, .while the

commoner class of light steers went at

87.25678. with good to prime yearlings

taken at $8.40@8.85. There was the cus-

tomary strong demand for fat. female cat-

tle, with sales of butchering cows and

heifers at $5.10@8.50, while cutters

brought 84.50605, cannera $3.50@4.45 and

bulls $6.50@7.60. There were good buying

orders on the market for stockere and

feeders, but many of them went over un-

filled, as the limited offerings resulted in

putting values higher than most country

buyers were willing to pay. With feed-

ers of much weight. bringing from $7.30@

8.25 and stockers held at 86.500118 for in-

ferior to prime offerings. many stockmen

regard prices for desirable stock as alto-

gether too high, and most of them do not

feel like stocking .up with an inferior

class of cattle. Stock feeding heifers are

wanted, and a good many would be pur-

chased but for the limited numbers of-

fered, prices ranging fI‘Om $5.60@6.60.

Calves were marketed much leSs liberally

than a year ago and sold much higher

than in most former years, although much

lower than a short time ago, coarse heavy

to rime light vealers fetching $4.75@9.25,

wit late sales at $8.75 for the best. Milk-

ers and springers had a very limited de-

mand at $506085 per head for ordinary to

choice cows, with inferior cows mostly

sold for slaughtering. The prospects for





the cattle market appear good for high

prices, because of the unusually small

number in feeding districts. .but warm





weather may be expected to check the

call for heavy beeves.



Hogs keep on mounting higher and

higher week by week. with frequent sharp

advances in prices, the market being gov-

erned by the shortage in the country's

supply at a period when hog meals are

in unsually large demand on account of

the. extreme dcnrncss of beef and mut-

ton. 'l‘ho insatiable. requirements of the

fresh pork trade. absorb the greater part

of the hogs. especially those of light and

medium weights, and the result is that

the. packers are unable to increase their

depleted stocks of lard and cured meats,

this applying to all

points. The, official statement of Chicago

stocks of provisions shows that they ag-

gregated on April 1 only 112,178,312 lbs”

compared with 118,213,939 lbs. one month

(.nrlier and 107,827,539 lbs. a year ago. 01’

course, reactions are inevitable from time

to time. and sharp breaks last chk fol-

lowed the rise, that carried prime light

hogs to $0.70, the highest point yctreach-

cd since. the market began its upward

course. The hogs of choice light weight

suitable for closing up into fresh pork con-

tinue to go highcst of all, with selected

pigs of strong weight also bringing high

values, while, medium weight hogs sell

next to those of light weight, with heavy

packing lots lowest of all. As the week

advanced prices broke first becase of tile.

greatly increased receipts, many delayed

consignments showing up, and Saturday’s

sales ranged at 88.556119le compared with

$8.85fii‘9.40 a. week earlier. pigs closing at

$6.756‘t‘910 and stags at $9.1?W219AO.





MICHIGAN CROP REPORT.





 





VVheat.»The condition of wheat on

April 1 in the state was 82, in the south-

ern counties 8:1, in the central counties

79, in the northern counties 80 and in the

Upper Peninsula 94. The condition one

year ago was 84 in the state, 79 in the

southern counties, 88 in the central coun-

ties, 90 in the northcrn counties and 94

in the Upper Peninsula.



The average depth of snow on March





15 in the state was 2.97 inches, in the

southern counties 1.22, in the central

counties 1.28, in the northern counties





3.44 and in the Upper Peninsula, 17.54

inches.



011 March 31 the average depth of snow

in the state was 0.91, in the southern

counties 0.09, in the Central counties

0.04, in the northern counties 0.07 of an

inch and in the Upper

inches.



The- number of days protection to

wheat by snow in the state was 11, in

the southern counties 9, in the central

counties 10, in the northern coun'ties 13

and in the Upper Peninsula 27.



In answer to the question, “Has wheat

during March suffered injury from any

cause?" 113 correspondents in the south-

ern counties answered “yes” and 110

"no,’ in the central counties 67 answered

“yeS” and 41 “no," in the northerncoun-

ties 47 answered “yes” and 37 “no.” and

in the Upper Peninsula 3 answered “yes"

and 14 “no.”



The total number of bushels of wheat

marketed by farmers in March at 77

flouring mills is 51,804 and at 87 elevat—

ors and grain dealers 28,528 or a total

of 80,332 bushels. Of this amount 54,732

bushels were marketed in the southern

four tiers of counties, 16,805 in the cen-

tral counties and 8,795 in the northern

counties and Upper Peninsula. One hun-

dred and twenty-fivemills. elevatOrs and

grain dealers report no wheat marketed

in March.



Rye—The average condition of rye in

the state is 87, in the southern counties

88, in the central and northern counties

85, and in the Upper Peninsula 95. One

year ago the condition in the state was

'89, in the southern counties 86, in the

central counties 90, in the northern coun-

ties 92 and in the Upper Peninsula 94.



Meadows—The average condition of

meadows in the state, southern and cen-

tral counties is 90, in the northern coun-

ties 87 and in the Upper Peninsula 96.

The condition in the state one year ago

was 87, in the southern counties 83, in

the central counties 91, in the northern

cfuntles 93 and in the Upper Peninsula





3





Live Stock—The average condition of

homes in the state is 96. Cattle, sheep

and swine 95. ~ .





the western storage .





Peninsula. 10.19 '





a“...
mu;





m .....,





 





 





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THIO Io THI m7 'IDlTlON,





m the Detroit Live

an mort- of int week:

my W23: "“5 “l’ ‘° at“?

' p ' ve oc mar o I

a Rival h tho lint edition. The first

a lion in m ThurIdoY. the last coi-

tlon mm m The am odlttou is

mailed ”mm core more townie

our they do tor Tim I

gotta“ . 0 Buck mkot report. on

my how an edition desired. Subscrib-

er. an, than one edition to on-

otbor by flopping no a can! to that effect.





DITMIT LIV. OTOGK MARKETS.





Titanic-y'- Market.

Avril 10, 1918.





Receipts, 1124. Market active and 150

250 higher than last week.



We quote: Beet dry-fed steers, $8.25



€78.50; floors and heifer», 1000 to 1200.

$7.60@7.85; do. 800 to 1000. $7.50@7.75:

do. that are fat, 500 to 700. 1650:0750;

choice fat cows, $6.50@7; good do.. $66

6.25; common do.. $4.50@5; earthen-3.33.75

@425; choice heavy bulls, $7; fair to

good bolognas, bulls, “@650; stock bulll,

55.50016; choice feeding steers. 800 to

1000. ”@750: fair do. 800 to 1000. $6.50

@575; choice smokers, 500 to 700, $60

6.75; fair (10., 500 to 700, 557560625; stock

heifers. $505.60; mllkere. large, young,

medium age, $600975; common milkers,

$35@50. '

‘ Bishop, B. (a H. Bold Sullivan 1". Co.

1 cow weighing 900 at $5.50, 8 do uv 950

at $5.50. 2 hulls av 835 at $6, 2 steers

av 945 at 87.50. 23 do av 927 at $7.25, 2

do av 840 at $7.25, 2 bulls uv 7:10 at $6,

4 cows av 895 at $6.75, 1 do weighing

1040 at $5.50: to Newton 8. Co. 12 steers

av 727 at $7, 12 do av 946 at $7.20. 2 do

uv 885 at 87.50, 2 do av 885 at $7.50, 5

cows nv 870 at $5.76. 2 cow and bull av

950 at $6.50, I cow Weighing 1120 at

$6.75; to Thompson Bron. 4 canners av

850 at", 4 cows av 782 at $4.75, 2 do

uv 815 at $4; to Mich. 15. Co. 1 do Weigh-

ing 1100 at 3‘, 191111" weighing 1910 at

$6.50; to Goose I cow weighing 1000 at

$4.50. 3 steers av 666 :11 $6.90; to Austin

3 stockers av 460 at $6, 1 bull weighing

550 at $5.50; to Sullivan P. Co.,3 butchers

uv 640 at $6.50, 1 cow weighing 1090 at

$5.50, 3 bulls av 1320 at $6.50. 3 steers av

690 at $7, 4 do av 962 at $7.75; to llam-

mond, S. & Co. 3 cows av 937 at $5.50.

26 cows av 1034 at $6.85, 11 steers uv 968

at $7.65, 4 cows avv 1080 at $6.75; to

Breitcnbcck 7 do av 900 at $5.50: to

Thompson Bros. 2 cows av 1095 at $6.50,

2 steers av 1000 at $7.75. 13 do av 723 at

$7, 2 cows av 910 :it $4.20.



Splcer & R. sold Sullivan 1’. Co. 3 steers

av 1057 at $8, I cow weighing 820 at 94.25,

3 cows av 998 :11 $5.75, 2 heifers av 7'50

at $7; to Newton R. Co. 22 steers av 725

at $7; to Rattkowsky 4 do av 11:10 at

$7.80; to Kull 5 cows av 1078 at $5.50, 2

steers av 565 at $6.50; to Hammond, S, d:

Co. 5 do av 828 at $7.35, 2 cows av 1010

at $6.35. 2 bulls av 825 at $6.35; to Nngie

P. Co. 13 steers av 1010 at $7.90; to llam-

mond, 8. & Co. 4 do av 795 at $7.40; to

Mich. B. Co. 15 do av 1092 at $8, 5 do

av 886 at $7.75.



Rae Com. Co. sold Kamman R. Co. 16

steers av 896 at $7.50, 10 cows and bulls

av 1147 at $6.65, 9 steers av 1086 at 37.75.

1 do weighing 550 at $6; to Hammond, H.

K: Co. 2 cows av 915 at $4.60; to Parker,

W. & Co. 23 steers av 1130 at $8.25, 22

do av 935 at $8; to Mich. B. Co. 19 do av

1079 at 38; to Newton B. Co. 6 cows and

bulls av 1060 at $6.75. 7 cows av 914 at

$5, 12 do av 960 at $6.75.



Haley & M. sold Thompson Bros, 2

steers av 660 at $6: to Sullivan P. Co. 4

cows av 960 at $6.25, 1 canner weighing

780 at $4.25, 4 butchers av 570 at $5.35,

2 cows av 930 at $6.30. '1 do weighing 900

at $5, 10 steers av 982 at $7.45; to Mich.

B0. 00. 9 do nv 861 at $7.80, 1 do weigh-

ing 940 at $7.25; to Nagle P. Co. 2 do av

1100 at $7.85, 1 bull weighing 1.150 at

$6.75; to Mich. R. Co. 12 butchers av 735

at $7.10, 3 do av 830 at $7.10, 6 steers-av

708 at $7, 19 do av 820 at $7.50, 2 cows

av 850 at $5, 7 butchers av 750 at $6.10,

11 60 av 694 at $7.35, 3 do av 577 at

$6.50, 2 cows av 925 at $5. 2 canners av

7'85 at $4.25. I bull weighing 940 at $6; to

Thompson Bros. 1 canner weighing 470 at

$4; to Sullivan 1’. Co. 4 cows av 955 at

$5.25, 2 cow and bull av 980 at $6.50, 3

steers av 920 at $7.50, 2 cows av 1120 at

$6.25, 8 do av 1045 at $6.10, 2 do av 865

at $5, 3 do av 987 at $5.35, 4 steers av

820 at $7, 3 cows av 943 at $5.35, 2 can—

ners av 770 at $4, 1 steer weighing 890

at $6.25: to Hammond. S. & Co. 3 butch-

ers av 907 at $6.50; to Kuil 15 steers av

931 at $7.65; to Mason B. Co. 6 do av

633 at $6.50, 16 do av 817 at $7.50, 1 do

weighing 770 at $6.75: to Sullivan P. Co.

5 heifers av 7903?. $6.50.



Glenn sold Mich. B. Co. 3 bulls av 1370

at $6.50, 2 heifers av 855 at $7.25, 2 cows

av 1005 at $6.25.



Lowenstein sold Hammond, S. & Co.

12 cows av 1097 at $6.15.

~Croft sold name I cow weighing 1250 at

$8.50, 1 boil weighing 1520 at $6.50. 2

heifers IV 760 at $6.50. 4 butchers av 800





at . .



Weeks sold Parker, W. & Co. 2 cows

turns” at $5.50, 10 butchers av 665 at

$6. .





Veal Calves.





Receipts, 822. Market $1 lower than

last Week; trade slow on common grades.

Best, 89.50610: common, $6.50@7.50; milch

com and springers strong.



Spicer & R. sold Parker, W. 8: Co. 1

weighing 190 at $12: to Applebaum 2 av

125 at $9, 3 av 130 at $9.50, 1 weighing

130 at $9. 3 av 129 at 89.



Roe Com. Co. cold Rattkowsky 3 av

180 31!; $0.50; _to Nagle P. Go. 3 av 150

at . '

tFIéddrell sold Newton B. Co. 3 av 120

a .



Glenn sold Inch. B. Co. 2 av 115 at 89.



Haley a: M. sold Mich. B. 00. I weigh-

ing no at $7, 12 av 186 at 810.25; to

Patr 6 av 140 at $10.25. 8 av 140





ownky

at§10 6nv130at9;toDGoooe'lov





l





 





145 at $10, 1 weighing 220 at $6; to J.

60086 1 weighing 170 at $6.60, 1 weighing

160 at $10, 5 av 125 At $10, 1 weighing

130 at $6.50: to Mich. B. 00. 6 av 140 at

810, 17 11V 1“ at 88.50. 6 av 105 at $8, 14

av 140 at $10.25.



Bishop. B, & H. sold Applebaum 19 av

115 at $9.25; to J. Goose 10 av 146 at

$9.50, 1 weighing 360 at $6.50, 2 av 125

at $10, 3 av 230 at $5, 1 Weighing 170 at

$8: to D. Goose 15 av 135 at $9.50, 1

weighing 130 at $10, 2 av 185 at $10.; to

Nogle 1". Co. 4 av 120 at $8, 25 av 1:15 at

810: to Sullivan 1’. Co, 14 av [30 at $9;

to Rattkowsky 2 av 140 at $8, 3 av 150

at $10; to Burnstlne '8 av 150 at $9.50, 8

av 140 at $9.50, 4 av 105 at $8, 18 av 135

at $10; to McGuire 2 av 125 at $9, 13 av

130 at $9.50, 2 av 145 at $10, 10 av 141 at

$10, 2 av 120 at $8, 2 av 125 at $8.



Sheep and Lambs“



Receipts, 1997. Market 2503M higher

than last week. Best lambs, $9®9 25;

fair to good lambs, 38.50619; light to com-

mon lambs, $7008.25; ycurlings, $8508.50;

fair clip shccp, 96.50717; clip culls and

common, $4,50dp550; clip yearlings, 38.



Bishop, B. & ll. sold Swift 8: Co. 228

lambs av 82 at $9.40; to Nugle 1’, Co, 604

(10 av 80 at 99, 28 do NV 70 at $8.60; to

Bray 112 do av 75 at: $8.75, 95 do av 80 at

$9.25, 36 do av 70 8038; to Sullivan 1’.

Co. 9 do av 55 lit 88. 4 ohcep av 90 at

$4.50, 15 lambs av 55 at $0.25; to Parker,

“7. &. Co, 25 sheep av 45 at $7.10: to

Mich. R. Co. 13 do av 77 at $8.50; to

Newton R. Co. 30 do av 76 at $8; to Coc-

tello 5 clip lambs av 47 at $5: to Mich.

B. (To, 1 buck welghing 130 at $5.50. 2

lambs av 60 at $7.50, 1 buck weighing

120 at $5.50, 1 sheep weighing 170 at

$7.50, 25 lambs av 75 at $9, 174 do av 80

at $9.25, 1 sheep weighing 150 at $6.50, 4

do av 130 at $5,, 87 do av 109 at $7; to

Sullivan 1'. Co. 15 lambs av 85 at $9.25,

19 do :iv 50 at $7; to llarlagc 14 do av

70 at $8.54.



Spiccr &. it. sold Sullivan P. CO. 37

lambs av 90 at $9.



‘lluley & M. sold Pairowsky 1 sheep

weighing 100 :11: $6, 1 lamb weighing 90 at

$9, 9 do {iv 45 at $7.



Jackson sold l'urker, W. & (,‘o. 6 sheep

nv 115 at $4.50. 10 lumbn av 110 at $8.75.



Roe Com. Co. sold Mich. ll. C0. 122 clip

lambs av 75 at $8.20; to llaycs- 17 do av

65 at $7. .



Glenn sold Mich. B, (To. 59 Limbs av 65

at $8.50, 14 do 21V 55 :11 $7.



Hogs.





Receipts, 8995. None sold up to noon;

looks as follows:



Range of prices: Light to good butch—

(‘l'H, 99.255195"); pigs. $9.35; mixed, $9.25

((4930; sings one-third off.



Haley & M. Hold l‘urkci', VV. 8: (To. 110

(IV 160 at $9.30, 230 av 200 ill $9.25, 9‘)

pigs av 145 at $9.35.





Spicei‘ & R. sold same 250 av 160 at





$9.30, 250 uv 200 at $9.25.



Bishop, ll. & ll. sold llummond, S. &

(‘4). lOIO av 200 {it $9.25, 510 .‘iV 150 at

$9.30.



lloe Com. (to. sold Sullivan 1’. (Yo, 10





av 205 at $9.35, 125 uv 190 at $9.30, 200

:iv 200 at $9.25.



Bishop, B. & ll. Hold Nc’wton B.

196 av 180 at $9.25, 47 av 150 at $9.30.





(70.





 





 





LiVE STOCK NOTES.





 





The Texas cattle feeders are depending

largely on cottonseed mcal and hulls for

fattening their stock. Cotton is the main

crop, with kafir corn grown, the Soil be—

ing best fitted to the kallir variety.



Bologna bulls huvc bccn bringing in the

Chicago market the highest prices on

record, sole; ranging at 56.1061/650 not 100

lbs., according to their grading, while fair

to choice butcher bulls brought $660617

and even higher. Sausage material has

been in urgent demand.



Feeding cows and heifers are having a

good demand in the Chicago market, and

many more than are offered could be dis-

posed of quickly. The demand for breed-

ing female cloak of the better class is

strong and constantly increasing, and

some good shipments have been made

recently to Ohio. Farmers are coming to

the conclusion that the time to start in

breeding beef cattle is here,



Hogs were never better rent payers

than they are now, and many farmers

regret that they are not better supplied.

They have been headed upward for so

many weeks that owners seem to think

there is no limit to the rise in vulues,

and there is danger that some will hold

on too long. W'hllc it seems not at all

unlikely that considerably higher prices

will be seen later, the part of wisdom

seems to be to market swine whenever

they are ready to come, making them

weigh at least 250 lbs. per head. Pigs

and light hogs that are healthy and

growing satisfactorily should be retained

until well matured. They will undoubt-

edly return good profit for their keep and

care. The country may be expected to

remain greatly short of hogs for months

to come, but well along in June there

promises to be a considerable marketing

of old sows that will help the packers to

increase their lard output considerably.

Hogs hava advanced now about $2 per

100 lbs., and the corresponding rise in

provisions tends to check consumption to

a certain extent, but fresh pork is hav—

ing an enormous sale. This creates a

big call for the lighter hogs.



There is an unprecedented demand? in

the southwest for stocker cattle, and

greatly inadequate offerings have put

prices up to the highest level ever re-

corded, even thin old cows bringing prices

never before dreamed of. Runty old

Mexican cows have sold near El Paso

recently at $25630 per head, and better

ones are held for $50@60. Texas cattle





are greatly in demand for northern graz- retail mgrketmen of the country have

ing and sell quickly from $5@10 per head but a limited call for fancy cuts of

higher than a year ago. Several days lambs, because of the high prices they





ago a sale was made of 2,700 steers that

were under two years of age at $50 for

delivery in June, and a. Pennsylvania man

has made a purchase ofcattle aggregat-

ing in value $1,400,000, which is spoken





are compelled to ask, while their cus-

tomers ask for mutton of good quality.

which is offered at lower figures, although

'even mutton is away up over former

Prior to Easter there was a





years.





 





GAN .F'ARMER





of as the largest sale ever made in San

Antonio. These cattle are intended for

maturing in»the territory tributary to

Kansas City, Omaha and Chicago, there

being 18.000 year-lingo costing $30 per

head and 20.000 two and three-year-olds.

Everywhere farmers are restless, being

deeply anxious to buy cattle to fatten,

and by the time that the pastures are

well started the demand will nuluraiiy

become still greater. As has been the

rule all along for many weeks, supplies

of well-bred stacker and feeder cattle are

greatly inadequate and sell no high that

paying the extreme prices is regarded as

dangerous by conservative stock feeders.





Reports from Idaho are that lamblng

has begun in some parts of the state,

and ilockmoeters are having good luck

with their lambs. Farmers are begin-

ning to feed more sheep than heretofore,

figuring that it puys much better to feed

their alfalfa hay than in ship it out. The

freight rate on bay has increased so much

in recent yours that less hay is shipped

out of Idaho than formerly.





Condlllous in the Chicago market for

beef cattle are peculiar, the popular de—

mand centering strongly on 11. medium

class of cattle that do not come too high

to suit the beef trade. High costing

steers can he sold to only a limited ex-

tent, and they would not be selling any-

where near ihclr present priccs With: it

not for their cxti‘cmc scarcity. The

greater part of the beef stccrs now com-

ing on the murkctzu'e sold \vvlthinui'ange

of about 750 per l00 Hm, wlili cattle fed

from 60 lo 90 days dressing much better

than in former ycai'S. This is accounted

for by the great abundance and cheap-

ness of corn and other feed and the un-

usual iulluccmeut afforded by the high

prices for for stock to makc them good

in quality. l’cnturcnome smokmcn are





paying film-y prim-s for heavy feeders,

with late sales as high as $8528.25, while

ilanhed bccl’ cattle were selling around

98.50019.



There are powerful reasons for the

boom in bugs, with the Chicago packerr

inking slucc January 1, about 200,000





 





fcwm' hogs than for the some period L'mi

ycur. Of late, cacli Hlli’t'tll‘dlllg chk it

has been the highest hog mnrkct of rip:





your. A good April rise in [ll'll'l‘H is mix

pcctcd. A full in prices 115.1119 lust. lllllif;

l;X[I(’,(‘l.(jd, :llid owncrs were Ilchl‘ morc

hopeful concerning the future of thc

market.





So for us can bc sccn now, cvm'ytliing

points to a good Wool market, and firm

pi'lccs for the clip sccm ccrialn. in the

Houston market recent sales have bcen

m‘ddté 01' 111%th at 24013“: pci' pound, 140'-

i'lmry zit ifi’ulec; 'l‘cxus. lots at 1501.240

and California at ”fit/241'. Growers in

limb :irc i'cporiwl on holding out. for bei-

ici' icrms, while shearing in Arizona l-i

progressing, and s-lwcpmcn arc asking

20@2lc for the clip. castcrn buyers refus—

ing to pay thcsc figures. Reports: from

Glasgow stoic that there is :1 strong dc—

mand for wool :11 advanced prices, while

the opening of the second ucrlcs of :iuc—

tions in London was at. a. further rise in

prices that amounted to from 5110 per

cent.



Clipped lambs arc showing up in the

markets in gradually lnorcasing num-

bers and sell well or otherwise, accord-

ing to their weight, Just as is the case

with wooled stock, hi:;l.V_Y weight; being

strongly discriminator! against by buy-

ers. “”001 taken from Wyoming wethcrs

has been ‘sold in the Chicago market re-

cently for 220 per pound, and several big

clips of lamb wool have been sold at {cod—

ing?' stations near that city at the same

price.



Veal is now classed as a luxury, with

recent sales of prime light-Weight live

veal calvcs in the Chicago market as

high as $12 per 100 lbs. The calves hail

from the dairy districts, and a 125-”).

vealer has been bringing us much as a

Texas cow did 15 years ago. There Was

a large demand for choice veal for the

Easter holiday trade, with not near

enough offered to satisfy the demand.

Throughout the western country farmers

are saving their calves for the restora-

tion of the beef cattle industy.



The west and southwest have more hay

than they can use, and stockmen of NC-

braska and lVyoming are long rm hay

and short on cattle. \Vhere cattle are

owned, buy feeding is bcing carried on

cxtcnsivwly, but winter herds are the

smallest ever known since the cattle in-

dustry become firmly established. and

late reports say that contracts for spring

delivery of stockers are only large enough

to replace a fraction of the range sup-





 





plies.

Sheepmen in the country around San

Angelo, Texas, are counting on one of





the largest lamb crops known during the

ihi'm» months beginning with the middle

of Mill‘f'll. it is stated that over 150 miles

of wolf-proof fences have been construct-

ed in that region this Season. and stack-

men throughout the oncho country are

engaged in restocking their big ranges

with both sheep and goats.



Sheep and lambs have continued to sell

at much higher prices in the Chicago

market than in other years, even after

sharp breaks in prices for prime lambs

from the highest figures of the season.

Maintaining values for handy wgeight

lambs. which are the great favorites with

the slaughterers, is apt to be a difficult

matter when the quotations climb to $9

((59.25 per 100 lbs., or even higher, even

with the greatly ‘inadequate offerings, and

much of the time of late fat Wethers,

ewes and yearlings have shown firmness

when lambs were on the down grade.





 





nail-nun We... Thousand.

ynghtpricu. flofl-afovthomn mt:- nhomluhlnul





::::: WMG‘L





‘.:'.:.'" Sun-em.





19-475





strong demand for prime lambs for the

trade at that time, and owners had in

many cases been holding their best

llocks for that time. Since then there is

no unusual demand, and so long on pres-

ent high prices remain there will not be

anywhere near a normal demand. How-

ever, most of the sheepmen are in com-

fortable financial circumstances and are

not obliged to hurry up shipments, but

Elke their own time and ship conser-

vutlveiy, taking caution against over-

stocking the market.



When his policy of buying hogs on a.

rising market was questioned by a. bearish

fellow packer, the late G. F. Swift once

replied: “i never made a dollar on the

hugs i didn’t kill." For months the liv~

ing packers in Chicago stood back and

operated cautiously, trying to prove that

the country had plenty of hogs buck, but

the opposite was the fact, and meanwhile

custom packers sccurcd a liberal shore

of thc hogs received in that big market.

Meanwhile a short crop of spring pigs

In expected, and considerable time will be

nut-lessor)! to bring back thc hog supply

of the country to its normal position. The

country is shooting ahead wonderfully in

populatmn all the time, while it is rain-

ing less hogs than some years ago.

Farmers Shauld saw: every good brood

How and lose no time in raising hogs for

the market.





 





_

-—-





We WaniHlYi’i—Slfllw





We set the top price on m note

liberal advancement and mount mitt-noon.





Daniel W: Son to.





P717830 IO. PA.

Iota-once, Wuhlu‘on ‘l'mu m, or ”but law:





HAY





FARMS Mill Hill UllllS

Hill SALE [ill EXBlliEE





ow VIRGINIA Piano-0:33.352?“





Write Minion & Conxpony. Richmond. Vlr.





"“1 M ~Gnrdcn coat of the Gulf Coast. Write

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Walton Count edition. GEO. K. AHMEH, 'ro-

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and unim raved land- in Doinwuu,



FUfi'C Fm divonibenf farming live mock, do.





liciouu fruits and ideal home. or information

addrem. State Board of Agriculture. Dover. Delaware





 





 





 





 





 





Ship you: attend bu to as.

THE B. L. RICHMOND 00..

Detroit. - Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





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. Nothin to sell. . n s mp or para

gorilla“. Address In. S. I. A.. Indianapolis. Indiana





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





Mr. Bagley, ticket agent and telegraph

operator for the P. D. & Q. railroad at

Bingham, stepped out onto the station

platform and gazed anxiously‘ about.



The depot at that hour was deserted

and Mr. Bagley walked to the end of the

platform and peered up the street toward

the village.



“Pshaw,” he muttered to himself in a

disappointed tone. “Just when some-

thing important comes up and I can’t get

away myself, there is never another soul

within shouting distance—~”



A youthful whistle interrupted his solil-

oquy and he wheeled about to see ap-

proaching from the other direction a.

small boy who dragged his feet wearily

through the duSt of the road. The young-

ster, apparently obscessed by the heat

and monotony of the day. seemed to be

bravely trying to drive off the oppression

by whistling a tuneless air,



“Hi there, Johnny,” yelled MnBagley.

“Come here. I’ve got a job for you.”



The boy paused, pushed back his straw

hat and gazed at Mr. Baglcy rcsentfuliy.



“\Yhut do you want?” he demanded

crossly.



“I want you to skedaddle down to the

Eagle office and tell Pete Higgins to come

down here right away. I’ll give you five

cents if you hurry.”



“I’m on,” answered Johnny promptly.

"(live me the five cents first.”



“There you are," said Mr. Bagley as

he iosscd out the coin. “Now go like

Nancy llanks, will you?”



Johnny at once proceeded 10 give a. fair

two—legged imitation of the famous marc-

by disappearing down the street in a

small whirlwind of dust.



Ten minutes later l\II‘. T’ctcl‘ Higgins.

owner and editor of the Ringham \\'eekly

Ivluglc, arrived at the depot on his bi-

cycle.



“What’s the row this time?” he in-

quired: as he dismounted from his wheel

on the shady side of the depot where Mr.

Buglcy was awaiting him,



“(if course, you underStand that this

is liable to cost me my job if it gets out,"

began the agent dubiously, “but being a

citizen and taxpayer of Bingham and in-

terested in the welfare and progress of

the town, I, felt called on to bring your

attention to a very important, not to say

deplorable, move about to be made by

the predatory monied interests that are

invading our little city.” '



“Any information imparted to me will

be held in strictest confidence—at least.

so far as anyone discovering the source

of such information,” the editor assured

him.



“Of course I knew that, but I just

wanted to tell you,” Mr. Bz’igley apolo-

gized. as he produced a slip of yellow pa-

per from his pocket‘. “Here’s a telegram

that came a few minutes ago. addressed

to that civil engineer, Osgood, who has

been around town for the past two wecks

in the interest of the new electric road.

It seems to contain considerable informa-

tion and as Mr. Osgood went away on

the 12:45 for a couple of dayS’ business

trip to Batavia, and other points along

his proposed road, as he informed me

when he bought his ticket, I knew there

wasn’t any hurry in getting it up to the

hotel where he stops. Just look it over

and tell me What you think.”



Mr. Higgins perused the telegram with

interest. It read:



MI‘. Chas. Osgood,

Care Hotel “hiker,

Bingham, Michigan.



\V‘ut‘crfall will solve traffic problem.

Everything 0. K. now, YVill be with you

Monday to complete arrangements for

power plant.



GENE CLARK.



“So they are going to build a Down

plant on the site of the old waterfall,”

said Mr. Higgins musingly. “ll'ell, well,

who would ever have thought it?”



“But we ain’t going to let them. are

we?” Mr. Buglcy burst forth indignantly.



“YVhy not?” asked Mr, Higgins, in sur-

prise.



“thy, ain’t that: waterfall the chief

beauty spot of the whole town!” ex-

claimed the agent. “There isn’t another

town this side of Niagara got as pretty

a waterfall as ours! Right in the princi-

pal part of town, too!”



“By jove, I believe you are right!” 'ex-

claimed the editor. “VVhen you come to

think of it, that waterfall is a mighty big

adquisition to our town. It certainly





 





shouldn’t be despoiled to the detriment





The , Waterfall.





By Howard Dwight Smiley.





of the community and the gain of the

trusts.” '



“Of course it shouldn’t! We ought to

do something about it right away!”



“I’ll go right down and see Clyde Cort-

right,” said the editor. “He will tell us

what to do.”



Clyde Cortright, city attorney for the

town of Bingham, was in his office when

Mr. Higgins arrived and the latter lost

no time in apprising him of the situa-

tion.



“lVe’ve got to do something to prevent

this,” he concluded.



Mr. Cortright smiled and shrugged his

shoulders.



"I can’t see what you are going to do

to prevent it,” he said.



“Why, stop them, of course.

owns that property, and~—"



“But the town doesn’ttown' it,” inter-

posed Mr. Cortright. “The Missoula In-

terurban Company bought up that prop-

erty several months ago for the purpose

of erecting a waiting room.”



“IVhy that’s so," exclaimed Mr. Hig-





The town





gins. “I had forgotten."

“Yes,” nodded Mr. Cortright, a trifle

wearily. “Everybody forgot it but me, I





guess The trouble with this town is that

it is too dead or indifferent to take ad-

vantage of its opportunities. An outlay

of a few hundred dollars would have made

that property into one of the prettiest

little parks in the state; but this town

is altogether too mercenary; that waterfall

has been here much longer than the town,

and it is indeed a very pretty piece of

Scenery, but. there isn’t a citizen in the

town who has shown even enough inter-

est to cut down the. weeds on the lot.

They deserve to lose it.”



Mr. Iliggins admitted that there was

much truth in this—fi'Om an editorial

point of View. “I’ll write that up,” he

decided. “The people need to be awak-

cnec.”



“You’ll have to get a hump on your-

self,” said Mr. Cortright dryly. “That

telegram Bugley look the liberty to ShOW

you states that they will conclude ar-

rangements for erecting a power plant

next Monday. If you do anything with

them at all you will probably have to

either buy back the property at a big

advance in the, price, or furnish them

with a. better site for their plant.”



Mr. Higgins’ paper wentiopressa day

earlier than usual in order to meet the

pressing emergency. The front page was

embellished with a five-deck scare head,

three columns wide, topping a red-hot

article which detailed at great length the

outrage about to be perpetrated upon the

town by a. soulless corporation. and urged

strongly that something be done imme-

diately to stop it.



The article had the desired effect.

\V‘ithin three hours’ after the paper was

off the press an indignation meeting was

called at the town hall in which nearly

every citizen participated, and where var-

ious ways and means, were discussed for

averting the tragedy. It was Mr. Cort-

right who offered what seemed to be the

only plausible suggestion.



“Gentlemen," said he, when called up—

on to air his views, “it should be quite

evident to you that the advent of an

electric road into our town is of ines-

timable benefit to the property owners

and tradesmen. “'e should really try to

lend a hand toward making everything as

convenient as possible for the company,

instead of opposing it. It will be neces-

sary, I understand, to erect an electric

power plant at this point, and if that is

the case we can hardly blame the com-

pany for selecting what seems to be the

moat advantageous place.



“Since this matter has been brought to

my attention I have given it considerable

thought and it seems to me that the old

Perrin mill site on the Kalamo river

would be a much more desirable place

for the plant than would the waterfall.

As many of you know, there is a sand—

stone outcropping at that point which

runs across the country at right angles

with the river'in such a manner as to

form natural sandstone abutments on

each bank and a hard stone bedrock, mak—

ing the site an exceedingly convenient

place to erect a dam that would generate

a much higher water power than w0uld

the waterfall. .\ V



”Now I suggest that the townspeople,

if they are still interested in retaining

their beautiful little waterfall, buy up the





 





 





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'The C. A. Edgarson Mfg. Co.

50] Main Street. sulrley, Man.
V “Am 12, “iota?” “

Perrim‘l’l‘oll'efly and. diet it in exchange

for the waterfall property. You would

doubtless have to make further conces-

sions, ad the waterfall prOperty is many

‘the most convenient place in town for

an interm'ban depot. I further sugSeSt

that the town grant the company the

privilege of erecting their depot at the

end of the property with the understand-

ing that they use the balance of the land,

including the waterfall, as a public park,

to be maintained at their expense, and

to be properly graded and set with shade

trees, shrubbery, cement walks and

seats. It seems to me that they would

accept this proposition, as it would be a

distinct advantage to them as well as to

the town.”



Mr. Martin,- who had come into pos-

session of the Perrin mill, site through

the foreclosure of a. mortgage several

years before, arose prOmptly as Mr. Cort-

right concluded. He agreed substantially

with everything the attorney had said,

and magnanimously offered to part with

the property at a. price far below its real

value if the town cared to buy it by pop-

ular subscription. He would set the price,

he stated, at the very low figure of five

thousand dollars. _



The uproar that greeted this last state-

ment surprised and grieved Mr. Martin.

That his generosity shOuld be received

with such derision hurt him more than

he could express, he told them. After

long argument, however. he stated that

he would himself subscribe two thousand

dollars toward the enterprise, leaving

but three thousand for the others to

raise.



The others, who comprised one hundred

and fifteen of the' leading citizens and

business men of Bingham, were literally

paralyzed into action by so unprecedent-

ed a move on the part of old “Tight-

wad” Martin as actually letting go of so

huge a sum as t’wo thousand dollars. and

within half an hour the balance of the

purchase price had been subscribed in

sums ranging from ten dollars up to fifty.





Mr. Charles Osgood. civil engineer for

the Missoula Interurban Co., did not re-

turn to Bingham until late Sunday night.

He went directly to the hotel from the

depot, asked for his mail at the desk,

receiving several letters and the telegram

that had started the waterfall disturb-

ance. and then repaired to his room with-

out talking with anyone. He was there-

fore entirely ignorant of what had trans-

pired during his absence from the town.



He was up at four o’clock next morn—

ing and, without waiting for breakfast,

he aroused the night man at the livery

barn, hired a horse and buggy and drove

out of town in an easterly direction.



At 9:26 that morning two men dropped

off the train from the east and at once

repaired to the hotel, where they inquir-

ed for Mr. Osgood, only to be informed

that he had not been seen that morning.



A few minutes later, however, Mr. 0s-

good drove up, turned his rig over to the

hostler and entered the hotel, where he

greeted the other two heartily.



”I’m sorry to have kept you waiting,”

he apologized, “but I have been out look-

ing over that property and making cal-

culations all the morning. I thought I’d

better’ start early when there was no one

around. Come right up ‘00 my room where

we can talk matters over in private.”



The other two follOWed him upstairs,

but they were hardly seated in the room

when there came a knock and Mr. 0s-

good waiked to the door and opened it.



Before him stood Mr. Higgins, the edi—

tor, and Mr. Cortright, the attorney,

heading a committee of about a dozen

of Bingham’s leading citizens.



“What can I do for you, gentlemen?”

asked the engineer in surprise.



"We have called to confer with you on

a matter of great importance," answered

Mr. Cortright. ”If you can spare a. few

minutes of your time We will be greatly

obliged to you."



“But I am engaged with these gentle-

men just now," objected Mr. Osgood.



"I understand,” answered the attorney.

“If I am not mistaken, they, too, are

representatives of the Interurban Com-

pany, and will be interested in what we

have to say.”



“Very Well, come in,” invited Mr. Os-



good, graciously.

, In a very circumspective manner Mr.

Cortright went over the situation. He

did not state definitely that the towns-

people knew the company intended erect-

ing a power plant on the waterfall site,

but he pointed out! to them that while he

fully appreciated that the company own-

ed the site and could therefore do as

they pleased inthe matter, still the peo-

ple of the town were loath to lose 50

beautiful a piece ofscenery. .





 





*WTHE‘MTCHIGKN‘FARMER‘





"To that end," said the attorney, "we

have called on you with an offer that

if you will reconsider your present plans,

the city will gladly present the company

with a. much more desirable building site

for their power plant, namely the Perrin

mill site, if in return the company will

agree to turn the waterfall site into a

public park, with certain stipulations, it

being understood that they reserve

enough of the east end of the plot for

depot purposes. '





“If you care to accept this proposition

I have with me a deed to the Perrin

property, and the park contract as well,

and it you have the power of attorney

to act for the company we can conclude

negotiations now as well as at any

time.”



The engineer and his cOmpanions list-

ened to this address with silent but

growing amazement. ‘When the attorney

had concluded Mr. Osgood shot a quick

glance at one of the others, who gazed

back at the young engineer with an ex-

pression of quizzical amusement. After

a moment’s hesitation he nodded and the





engineer at once arose.





“Gentlemen,” said he, “this is the most

remarkable prOposnion I have ever list-

ened to. but, as Mr. Clark, our general

superintendent, seems to agree with your

ofier I most heartily accept it in the

name of the company.



"We will be only too glad to accede to

your Wishes in regard to the park, and,

as I have spent the entire morning in the

vicinity of the Perrin mill property and

fully appreciate its adaptability for a

dam site, I can assure you that we Will

be most happy to accept it as a present

from the term, and can further assure

you that a large dam and power plant

will be erected there with all possible

expediency. Mr. Clark and I are ready

to sign the papers with you at any time

you say.”



Mr. Cortright. with an expression of

great relief, promptly produced two legal

looking documents from his pocket and

spread them out on the table. In fifteen

minutes they had been signed and wit-

nessed.



"It is a saurce of

to have this matter





great pleasure to us

so amiably and sat-

isfactorily settled,” said Mr. Cortright.

”I am sure we all thank you from the

bottom of our hearts.”





“It seems to me that the pleasure

should he on the side of the Missoula

Company,” answered the general super-

intendent. “As a matter of fact, you

seem to have anticipated our every move.

Vile had fully intended turning the water-

fall property into a park exactly along

the lines that you have laid down in

your contract, and we have for some

time been considering the purchase of

the Perrin mill property. Our Mr. Os-

good has been making a quiet investiga—

tion of the site and its possibilities be-

fore putting the proposition up to the

owner. It is really the only available

site for a dam for fifty miles up or down

the river.” "



If the Interurban men noticed the ex-

pressions of blank amazement that over-

spread the faces of the visiting commit-

tee they gave no evidence of it. Mr. 05-

good now. spoke, laying his hand on the

shoulder of the third of the Interurban

party who, until now, had remained si-

lent and in the background.



“By the way, gentlemen,” he said, “I

almost overlooked introducing you to our

new traffic manager, It is probable that

the business men of your town will have

occaSiOn to meet him more or less in the

future and it would be well for you to

become acquainted. Until he took charge

of the post a. few days ago, traffic affairs

on all our lines were in a very congest-

ed condition, but, thanks to his able

management, matters in that line are

now rounding out nicely and we antici-

pate but little trouble in the future. This,

gentlemen, is our new traffic manager,

Mr. B. F. Waterfall.”



One might easily have heard the pro-

verbial pin drop for a bloek away for

several minutes after Mr. Osgood con-

cluded his introduction. The Eagle edi-

tor was the first to recover himself.



“Vl'aterfall will solve traffic problem!”

he chanted, apparently to himself. “Wat-

erfall will solve irafilc problem! Why,

sure!" Mr. Higgins brightened up, ad’

vanced to, the traffic manager and seiz-

ed his hand, shaking it heartily. “Pleas-

ed to meet you, Mr. Waterfall! Welcome

to our town! Have a cigar! You’re the

most illuminating individual I’ve heard

of since Billy Patterson got hit!"



And it is possible that the traffic man-

ager is still wondering just what the edi-

tor meant at that.





 





VALLEY





Eastern.

ontanay





 





‘ The unusual.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





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with every new settler.





759 Marquette Bldg.





. /

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This rich agricultural district, 150 miles long and 20 miles

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Lands near the railway are rapidly being taken~ up and them

\ are now 22 thriving towns within the valley.





' Land prices are yet low with a steady upward tendency as the

country develops. Land taken this year will increase in value





. Good deeded lands sell from $15 to $25 per acre. Title to 160-

acrc homesteads can be had at the end of 14 months’ residence





and upon payment of $1.25 per acre.





This land produces large yields of wheat, oats, barley and flax.

Rye and alfalfa are also successfully grown on the bench lands.





Investigate Now





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April 29—Round-trip homeseekers’ excursions on the first and

third Tuesdays of every month via the .





CHICAGO





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RAILWAY





Literature and!!!” information may be accuxdfrec [mm





H. W. STEIHHOFF. District Passenger Agent

212 Majestic Bldg“ Detroit, Mich.





0. E. SHAN ER,—lmmlgntion Agent





GEO. B. HAYNES

General Passenger Agent





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Get your spring suit at the Clothcraft Store.

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you

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THE JOSEPH & FEISS co.

Canals





 

   





 





 





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This Man Made cool





Ten years ago, at the age of 60, S. Y. Allen

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'Splendid country for general farming and stock





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EARL HOPKINS, Washington. D. c.
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THE MdCHI‘iGAN FARMER





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EJ—l'llllllllIllllllllllllIIIIIIllIll"llllllllllllllllllllllIllIllllllIlllllIIll||llIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllLElEE



0 E

- Veterlnary. g

fill!“[llll||||IIIllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||Illll||Ill||||IllIllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi





CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.





Advice through this department is free

to our subscribers. Each communication

should state history and symptoms of the

case in full;~also name and address of

writer. Initials only will be. published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to someone else. When

reply by mail is requested, it becomes

private practice, and a fee. of $1.00 must

accompany the letter.





 





 





Unthrifty Horses—Wormss—XVe have

seven work horses that are fed nice,

bright clover hay and oats, but none of

them are thriving as well as they should.

I am anxious to put them in good con-

diton for spring work. I am certain

nearly all of them are troubled with

worms. L. K., New Lathrop, Mich.»~Mix

together equal parts by weight, powder-

ed sulphate iron, ground gentian, ginger,

fenugreek and salt and‘give them each

a tablespoonful at a dose in feed two or

three times a day. It would be no mis-

take to examine their teeth for some of

them may need floating.





Imperfect Udder.——I would like to know

what is wrong with my cows; two of

them fail to gve milk out of one quarter

of udder, but the quarter is not nflamed

or hard. C, B., Holland, Mich—Your

cows suffer from a conditon of udder that

is not attended with any inflammatory

trouble, but the quarter that gives no

milk is functionless and will be benefited

Somewhat by active hand-rubbing. Give

them each :1 dessertspoonful of powdered

nitrate potash at a dose in feed twice a.

day for ten days and hand-rub udder

twice a day.



\Varbles.—~Some of our young cattle

seem to be affected with grub in the

back and I would like to know What you

recommend as treatment for such cases.

W. H. \V., Belding, Mich—A sharp pen

knife should be used in making the holes

in hide a little larger, then the grub

should be squeezed out and killed, then

apply boracic acid to wound once a day.

Give each a ieuspoonful of sulphur at a

dose once a day and apply tincture. iodine

to bunches three times a week.



Enteritis—SpasrnS.—Ilave lost several

sheep which show symptoms of nervous-

ness, twitching of the ears, eyes roll back

in socket and they usually turn 10 the

left, fall and struggle, but when lifted up

they will eat. The firSt one took sick

two weeks ago, but now appears all right,

except she staggers and has rather poor

use of left side. The others have all

died and were notsick more than three

days. The last one that died had alamb

about three hours before she died. in

all caSes they have spasms and full to

the left. These sheep have becn fed corn

silage, clover hay, corn fodder and shell-

ed corn and have had plenty of exercise.

On opening them, everything appeared all

right, except small in‘testises which were

inflamed and had turned black. E. S..

C., llolme, Mich—I am inclined to be-

lieve some, if not all, the trouble comes

from feeding silage. A change of feed

will aSSist in preventing others from sick-





ening. Mix equal parts ground gentian,

ginger, cooking soda and salt and give

each sheep at tenspoonful at a dose in





feed twice a day.



Nodular Inseam—Ventigo.——Some of my

sheep have died lately showing the fol-

lowing symptomsa: Dizziness, frothing at

mouth, holding head high in air and then

die. They are all in fair flesh, have been

fed a little grain and cornstalks all win-

ter, and many of them are pregnant. I

am at a. loss to know what causes their

death. F. \V. C., Schoolcraft, Mich—It

is p05sible that they die the result of

forage poiSOning, or they may die the

result of nodular disease. affecting the

bowels. Give 5 grs. powdered sulphate of

iron, 1 gr. quinine and 1 dr. ground gen-

tion at a dose in feed three times a day.

They should be well salted and a change

of food will help them.



Hogs Cough——Choking—V\'orms.-—Sevcr-

al of my hogs are troubled with a cough

and I would like to know what can be

done for them. I thought they had a

cold and I called our local Vet’s atten-

tion to them and he prescribed for the

hogs, but they are much the same as

before treatment. They wheeze and choke

on the first mouthful or two they take,

fall back, hold head high and breathe

hard. I have fed these hogs plenty of

grain all winter, but they have not grown

and gained in weight much, but have just

about stood still and held their own.

have fed them worm medicine without

good results. L. L. G., Middlevillc, Mich.

———If you will warm their feed they will

soon have less trouble, cough loss, and

feel better. Give each hog a teaspoonful

of the following compound powder at a

dose in feed three times a day: Ginger.

genltian, cinchona and bicarbonate of

soda, mixed thoroughly. I also believe

a change of feed advisable. Their bowels

should be kept open.



Deep Milking Mare.—-—I have a mare 12

years old that had twin colts last June;

one died a few hours after it came, butI

raised the other and weaned it last No-

vember. The mare is milking yet and

although I have applied spirits of cam-

phor to bag, she still gives milk. J. T.,

Nessen City, Mich—Feed your mare tim-

othy and oats, and work her daily and

she will not give much milk. Milk her

out partly every two or three days.



Indigestion—My horse has had two at-

tacks of indigestion within the past ten

days and I would like to know how to





 





prevent it. H. K. Prosper. Mich—Care-





ful feeding has more to do with, prevents

ing indigestion than anything else; .how-

ever, you had better give her 1,5 oz. of

ground ginger, 1/2 oz. cooking soda, % oz.

powdered charcoal at a dose in feed two

or three times a day.



Nervousness.—-I have a. six-year-old

mare that does not drive pleasantly when

in heat and I would like to know what

can be done for her. She appears to be

in heat nearly one-half of the time and,

of course, it is quite unpleasant to use

her. ’1‘. R., M'unith, Mich.—-—Either have

her spayed or breed her.



Stifle Weakness—I have a Percheron

filly that will be three years old this

spring, a bunch came on each stifle when

she was two days old and she has never

recovered. The cap seems to slip out

then back to place Without causing her

much inconvenience. I blistered both

legs and the treatment helped one joint

but not the other. J. T., Amadore, Mich.

—Her stifle trouble is the result of neg-

lected navel; had you treated the navel

at birth and for a few days following,

she would have been sound today. Apply

one part red iodide mercury and ten

parts cerate of cantharides three times

a mOnth.



Indigestion—VVeakness.—My nine-year

old mare has bash in an .unthrifty condi-

tion all winter, although well fed and

not worked much. Our local Vet. floated

her teeth. B. ‘W., Port Hope, Mich—Give

her 1/2 oz. Fowler’s solution, 1/2 oz. fluid

extract gentian at a dose three times a

day. Feed her all the oats and well-

cured mixed hay she will eat.





Stringhalt.—I have a six-year-old horse

that stood in the barn at little mdre than

usual this winter and now when he comes

out he raises hind leg high, as if stepping

over something. After he walks a short

distance his action is same with both

hind legs. J. ._J., Sunfie-ld, Mich.—

Your horse suffers from milk attacks of

stringhalt and will be benefited by hav-

ing your Vet. operate on him. I have

little faith in drugs for an ailment of this

kind. .



Brood Mare Stocks—Stopping Milk

Flow—My seven-year—old mare is due

to drop her colt in a manth, and she

stocks in both hind legs. 1 would also

like to know how to dry and lessen milk

flow of mare that recently lost her colt.

IV. G. H., St. Clair, Mich.——Give your

mare 1/2 oz. fluid extract buchu at a dose

in feed three times a day. She should

have daily exercise, and light work will

do her no harm. Feed mare timothy hay





and oats and she will not give much

milk. Milk her part dry every day or

two.





\Vorms.—I have a mare that has not

been in a thrifty condition for some time

and I would like to know what to give

her. She has a ravenous appetite and

passes a few worms. I need her to do

spring work. V. G. S., Gaines. Mich.—

Increase her food supply and give her a

teaspoonful of powdered sulphate of iron

1,1. oz. ground gentian and 1/2 oz. Fowler’s

solution at a dose in feed three times a

day. '



Thin Mare—I bought a. mare last spring

that was thin and she has never put on

much flesh, although she is fed hay and

oats. She is only nine years old and I

would like to know how to build her up.

.T. C. 8., Chase, Mich—Her grinder teeth

may need floating. Increase her grain

ration and give 1 dr. ground nux vomica,

1/: oz. gentian and 2 drs. fenugreek at a

dose in feed, three times a day.



Rheumatism.——I have a brood mare due

to foal soon which is dropsical and stiff.

A swelling under belly leads me to be—

lieve she has dropsy. Her legs stock.

she drags hind toes and wabbles in hind

quarters. She has been in barn nearly

all winter and had little chance to ex-

ercise. S. B. G., Newaygo, Mich—Give

her 1/2 oz. fluid extract buchu at a .dose

three times a. day. Feed her some roots

and exercise her daily.



Sprained Hock—My 17-year-old horse

injured leg last fall and a hunch ap-

peared in hock joint which resembles a

bog spavin. Several blotches came on

legs and his kidneys did not act free

enough. D. R., Central Lake, Mich.—

Apply one part tincture iodine and ten

parts vuseline to bunch in hock once a

day. Give him a dessertspoonful of Don—

ovan’s solution at a dose in feed two or

three. times a day.



Leucorrhoea.—I have a mare that is 12

or 14 years old which seems to be heul—

thy except having vaginal discharge. She

throws off a sticky mucus which adheres

to hips and tail and I have been thinking

of breeding her. H. '\V. B., l’arma, Mich.

Dissolve 1 dr. permanganate of potash in

one gallon of tepid water and inject her

daily. Give her 2 drs. powdered sulphate

iron at a dose in feed three times a day.

She. will not get with foal until discharge

ceases. She should be well fed.



\‘Veakness.——I have a draft colt coming

three years old, that had a bad attack

of distemper last spring and when I work

her She pants badly. E. T. R., Fenton,

Mich—Give her 1 dr. ground nux vom-

ica and 3 drs. Fowler’s solution, at a dose

in feed three time_s a day. He should be

fed no clover or musty fodder and not

too much bulky food.



Malignant Sore.———A large tumor came

between fore legs of my brood mare and

our local Vet. cut it out, but before long

it commenced to grow again and is now

discharging pus. W. S., Evart, Mich.—

Apply one part iodoform and ten parts

boracic acid to sore twice a day. I have

frequently obtained good results by in-

jecting tincture iodine into sore daily for

three or four days. ‘





Had» to Return Money.

F. B. Cook, Stanwood, Mich., who has

advertised Duroc hogs writes as follows:

“My advertisement, which you ran for

four weeks, has sold me entirely out of

brood SOWS. I have had to return six

money orders. Please change my adver-

tisem " ' '





 





 





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will give you. power at low cost. You

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tea w on on want t.

fiurnely-Gdn : ready: flu a 13:13:33;

gobs—en every-clay money-maker. ’

to rpn~eeey to handle—comes parallel

stationary or slrid-mounted—IA to 6:;



.p. A small size attached to a





Rumely Pump Jack





pumps water for you. at low cost, uickly.

and when you want it. Then hit it to a





Rumer-Olds Saw Rig





and lay in a handy supply of wood in

spare moments. You can't imagine

ow many ways you can use this engine

till you have one.

Send for Dafa-Baoh—en flue Rumer—OIJJ

Engine, No. 344,- on Ramely-OIds Saw Rigs,

No. I .- on umely Pump

Jacks, No. 436—ade the name

of our neared dealer.





RUMELY PRODUCTS CO.

(Incorporated)

Power-Farminguachinery



' C tile 0 . .

HomeaonioeieiliPli‘i-Ig: ind. 70'





 





Wm”





 

 

   

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 





 





 





 





Jack of All Trades





Kerosene Engin





 





 





Kerosene (Coal Oil) can usually be

bought for less than half the price of

gasaline and a Jack of All Trades



ngine will develop as much power

on a gallon of kerosene as on a gallon

of gasoline.





Why Buy Gasoline?





Besides their great economy these en-

gines are easy to handle, safe, strong,

durable. Always ready for service. Every

one guaranteed. Sold at remarkably low

prices for high grade engines.



2. 4 and 6 h. p. Horizontal: also

611. p. Vertical. Other types up to



Write for Catalog No.DT 601





Fairgfinks, Morse & Co.





g Detroit

Fairbanks Scales. Oil and Gasoline Engines. Pumas, Vials!

Systems? Electric Light Plants. Windmillg‘l‘eeli Grinders





4 and

. p.





 





 





 





 





Simple

Compact

Efficient





WA __





Practically runs itself. Ver



few parts, all standardized. all

easnly accessible. Takes little

floor space. H.P. rating guaran-

teed. Made especially for the farm.





 

     





 

 





 





 

 

   





 

 





 

 

   

 

 

 

   





\\\m





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\s~

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AIR-COOLED ENGINE





is frost-proof—no water works to freeze

up. Runs smoothly and quietly. Doesn't

Vibrate itself apart: makes no loud noise to

drive you weary. Will be with you as long

as you need an engine and solves for good

the farm. engine question. In all sizes.

.Postal brings speciai offer—Write today.





¢ nus snowmu ElBlliE &. mm to.

338 mm in. Lansing, Iicll.

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Run On Coal 011





Ellis Engines give more power on coal oil than

other engines on gasoline. You save toe on the

dollar in el. Stronges simplest engines made

—only three working New two—cylinder 12

H. P. engine does we requiring to it H. P. All

Bills En be run on o distillate or





 





can





any fuel oil without extra eq pment.





.,j’. have pateniflirottle chi-(three .

minimum-W Ile more: "

I -0 DVD!"

either my, reversible while :1:

sins. Guaranteed 10 yea

r!

uy

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T H E VM I (3 HI

Emummnummmmnnmmmmnumuuuumlminmlimnmmmmmnmmummg





g Grange.





LEIlllllllllllllllllllllllll|Ilillllillill|Illlllll|llIlll|ll|lllllllH|llillIIllllllllilllIlllIllillIllililllllllllllllllfi

,Our Motto—"The farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved.”





llllllllllllllflllllll





 





INGHAM POMONA STUDIES CORN

AND ALFALFA.





 





Threatening skies, muddy roads and

washouts did not prevent a goodly num-

ber of patrons, representing'nine of Ing-

ham county’s subordinate Granges from





attending the March Pomona meeting

held with Williamston Grange. Williams-

ton is one of Ingham’s oldest subordi-

nates, having enjoyed an uninterrupted

existence since its organization in the

year 1872. About 100 Pomona members

enjoyed the banquet prepared by the sis-

ters of Vi'illiamston Grange and, after a.

short business session, the patrons re-

paired to a nearby church where an open

session was held.



The master of Williamston Grange,

Bro. Leon Webb, in an excellent address

of welcome, referred to the opening words

of the program, “The earth seems wak-

ing from her long, long sleep,” and spoke

of the problems and uncertainties which

confront the farmer at this season. He

said that present conditions in agricul-

ture demand the inauguration of better

methods, and that the farmers of this

country must soon meet conditions which

the people of the old world faced years

a 0.



8“Improving and increasing the yield of

corn,” was the subject of an excellent

address by Mr. Potts, field agent for M.

A In briefly covering the selection of

the seed and the preparation of the seed

bed, Mr. Potts declared it to be a mis-

take for any farmer to plant crib corn;

likewise to depend entirely upon hls

neighbors for his seed. Neither should

he secure seed from the south, as such

corn is almost certain to fail to mature.

Then followed a description of the points

to be taken into consideration in selecting

seed ears, advising that the Selection be

made from standing stalks in the fall

and the ears carefully and thoroughly

dried befofe extreme cold weather. He

also mentioned the effective work being

done by the numerous corn clubs which

have been organized in almost every

county in the state. This talk was sup-

plemented by a practical demonstration

of the seed testing system devised by

Prof. P. G. Holden, 9f Iowa, which was

given by his brother, E. A. Holden. It

was the so-called rag doll system, which

has proven very popular in the schools,

being not only simple and practical, but

reliable.



“SOme good things from new books"

was the subject of a pleasing review of

current publications given by Sister E.

A.- Holden, which was followed by a talk

on alfalfa growing in Michigan by Mr.

Potts. He stated that the farm crops

department at the college receives more

inquiries regarding alfalfa than any other

crop, and declared it a mistake for farm-

ers to assume that alfalfa will grow up-

on land ihat will not grow other, crops.

The plant is not adapted to sour, wet

soils, and in this connection Mr. Potts

spoke of the use of lime, its action on

soils, the various sources from which it

may be obtained and the quantity used.

He advised having the seed examined as

a protectiorl against such enemies as

tumble weed, dock, etc. Sowing alfalfa

with wheat or any other nurse crop, he

declared has not proven very successful

in this state, although some farmers haVe

succeeded in raising quite a. quantity of

seed. The quality of the hay will be im-

proved by cocking it before drawing, but

this is not always posaible because of

scarcity of help. Alfalfa makes good pas-

ture for hogs, and the hay is a good feed

for dairy cows, fattening cattle or hogs,

and even for work horses and sheep. Al-

falfa clubs of ten members or more have

been organized in all parts of the state.

The Pomona then passed resolutions

cOmmending the excellent work of Presi-

dent Snyder and the faculty of the Agri—

cultural College. Music for the meeting

was furnished by Wheatfield Grange, and

the next meeting will be held with Locke

Grange some time in June—Mrs. E. J.

Creyts, Lect.





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.



A Mid-summer Rally is already being

talked of by Grand Traverse patrons, the

plan being to have the Granges of Benzie,

Antrim, Leelanau and Kalkaska counties





_participate if possible.





Almont Grange, ofLapeer county, at a

recent meeting voted to a5k the present

legislature to make legal provision for

setting apart from the county road system

any township that will bond itself for

four per cent of its assessed valuation

for the. purpose of building good roads.



Hesperia Grange, of Newaygo county,

recently entertained Pomona. under dis-

couraging circumstances, bad roads pre-

venting attendance from more than a

half dozen of the subordinates of the

county. Illness in the home of the lec-

turer also threatened the success of the

program, but that indefatigable worker,

known to many Michigan patrons, Sister

Mary RobertSOn,,came to the rescue, with

the result that an excellent program was

rendered. Hesperia is one of the hust-

ling Granges of that section of the state.

it having recently organized a degree

team in addition to receiving 11 applica-

tions for membership, tw0 reinstatements

and one member by demit.





 





OOMI NG EVENTS.





Charlevoix 00., with Peninsula Grange.

Thursday April 17. -





 





 





 





 





 





‘GAN FARMER





@IflllllllllllllllllIlllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllIIllllllllllllllllIIIIIIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll[Hill





Farmers’ Clubs _





 





 





EllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIlllllHHIUUIIIIIIIIIIHII|IllllllllllllllllllllIlll|||IllIllllllll[lllllllllllllllllllllllllfifl





Address all communications relative to

the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C.

P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.





 





YEARLY PROGRAMS.



The Hadley and Elba Farmers’ Club.—

The yearly program of this Club is a

very tastily gotten up booklet, printed

on tinted paper with suitably colored ink,

the cover of which simply bears the name

of the Club, and the title page the name

of the Club, the date of its organization,

which was 1899, and the year for which

the program serves. The following page

is devoted to a schedule of the monthly

meetings, which, from October to April,

inclusive, begin at 10:30 a. m., and from

May to September at 1:30 p. m., the

meetings being held on the third Thurs-

day of each month. The music for each

meeting is arranged by a committee. The

next page gives a list of officers and the

one following it the order of business for

the Club meetings. Each of the succeed-

ing pages is devoted to the program for

one month, the fiscal year beginning with

February. Roll call is answered in a

manner suited to the season and one or

two questions are named for discussion

at each meeting. Readings are also as-

signed 10 different members while the

music, as above noted, is arranged for

each month by a committee. Opportunity

is given for the introduction of questions

of the hour under the head of current

events, which appears on a majority of

the programs. Special fcalurcs are a

Children's Day in June. Michigan Day in

July, a Union Picnic with the Lapeer

Farmers’ Picnic in August, a Club Fair in

October and an Oyster Dinner in January.

Altogether, this program is well calculat-

ed to maintain the interest in the month-

ly meetings of the Club and to serve as

a. reference to them throughout the year.





 





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





Discuss Equal Suffrage.-—The Assyria





Farmers’ Club, of Barry county, was very ‘





pleasantly entertained by Mr. and Mrs.

George 0. Kent, Saturday, March 22. On

account of the very bad roads only about

75 were present. President Horton call-

ed a short business session, after which

dinner was served which was up to the

usual standard of excellence. The main

feature of the afternoon program was an





address on “Woman Suffrage," by Mrs.

W'm. Charles, Jr., wife of the editor of

the Bellevue Gazette, who said in part:





”\\'e have no quarrel with the men, for





it is not their fault that we have never

had the privilege of voting. The time

has never been right; people are just





awakening to their sense of duty, and

there have never been women capable of

taking hold of the movement. That age

is coming; it is the age of progression.

Men have been doing things for genera-

tions before us and no wonder they are

so much more capable than women. In

cities there is a large force of society

women who have been wasting time and

energy in frivolous pastimes heretofore.

but who are now becoming awake and

who will be a strong force for suffrage.

If suffrage should carry this April and

women are given the privilege of voling,

do not think there will be 21 millcnium

and everything be so good. That is not

our only cry for the ballot: we want it





because it is just. And do not think

this movement is working against the

men; it means we will both work to—





gether and then, and not till then, will

much of the trouble of the country be

cleared away.” This was discussed pro

and con by several members and visitors

and after listening to recitations and

musical numbers the meeting adjourned.

Ruth E. Cargo, Reporter.



Discuss Topics of the Hour.—The March

meeting of the Burton Farmers’ Club,

of Shiawassee county, was held at “Av-





ondale," the pleasant country home of

MI‘. and Mrs. M. L_ Peterson. The top-





“Initiative, Referendum and Recall,"

were assigned respectively to Mcsdames

Clapp, Peterson and Gerber. The ladies

said woman suffrage is the only kind of

politics they are interested in at present

and called for help on a visiting member.

Clayton Cook, who gallantly came to

their aid and made the topics most com-

prehensive to everybody. “Pensioning

School Teachers" was another topic dis-

cussed. A majority of the Clubs, it was

declared, are opposed to the movement,

believing in paying more wages. “San-

itation in the Rural Schools,” Miss Eth-

eiyn Peterson’s maiden effort was full of

good things, especially her idea about

providing a more sanitary drinking ap-

paratus than the old water pail. “Was

the County Official Justified in Criticis-

ing the Farmers’ Clubs’ Resolutions to

Repeal the Present Tax Law?" E. B.

Putman gave a most convincing and sen-

sible talk on this subject. Explaining

why this is the best and most just law

ever enacted and unless the Farmers'

Club had something better to offer, the

ofl‘icial’s remarks were in good form. The

April meeting will be held at the home

of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Schultz.——Re-

porter.





i052





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





23—479





Engines ’

Sold Direct





to You at

j, . ,_ j FACTORY

60 Days Free Trial—You Run No Risk

The Witte is conceded the best engine

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user. Any size from 1% to 40 horse-power





all tested to ten per cent overload. 61

special advantages.





And You Now Pay Only

FACTORY PRICE





We cut out all dealers—their profits go

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our low factory cost. We have no power

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well: testing heatingdighting fuel. all free.



Take a 60 day trial. B vs year guarantee.

Write for book, "How to Judge a. Gasoline En-

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NOW, telling us sine engine you need.



. WITTE IRON WORKS CO.

2191 Oakland Ave. Kansas Clty. M0.





The WI TTE

Cuts Gasoline

Bills in Half





   





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





   





 





 





 





ll. . ,

l .

l ‘ w... ::::::;;

I. ’0‘ u Via“; 1-1

H Mn: 53:: . iii?

I wr‘V‘Hw‘ ”5: L '

I1 ”HH’A" ”Hwy SELF

. 3’45“: Eépfi RAISING

/. ”Swag? GATE

- 94¢ COMPARE

Compare the big extra





   





 





size frame, the heavy. all No.9

Peerless Fence Filling and the





Galvanized Coating

of the Peerless Gate to the light, flimsy

frame. small wire filling and the paint

covering of the ordinary gate.

YOU CAN SEE A BIG DIFFERENCE

If there is no Peerless dealer near you

send for our big fence and gate catalogue

before buying your spring supply.





Peerless Wire Fence Co.

213 Mich St. Adrian, Michigan





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





These gates are not

a special lot built down

to a low price, but are

full of the same qual-

ity, satisfaction and

durability which can.

be obtained in an ' of our

triple-galvanize , high-





”Bates ,-





 





 





 





 





Iowa





The filling of this serviceable and ornamental gate is



extra close diamond mesh. Gate has strong frame, pat-



ent latch, etc. Comes in all sizes; plain and fancy tops.

Style E Farm Gate, illustrated below, is another



leader sold at a much lower price then asked for other



gates of its kind. Painted or galvanized. All sizes.

The best lumber dealer in your town has these

ates on sale. if you don‘t know his name, write us

or booklet, name of dealer, special prices, etc.





IOWA GATE CO., 57 Clay St" Cedar Falls. la.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





I

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..-,.. N - . w -~.'.= « - "t~;-.“"'w- - Hill

u 3:}:- °-- a- (Mill: i'

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OI' ”mm! prepaid. COW

,7 fl = d: Bargain Prices—13c per rod up

V CC! I book beI M

”V‘fiwfidfii youggyfizegrflmeeaat-

W P" ’4 tie. Sheep. Ho“ Poultry. Etc.

V“ /' Also Lawn Fence and Gates

W H ' ‘

quality. fifig’fih‘ei'gfsxsmw





 





Dept. '49 THE BROWN FENCE O WIRE 00.. CLEVELAND, OHIO





FARM FENGE





4| lNcHES HIIH

100 other styles of 2'

Farm, Poultry and



GENTS

dealer’s- rofit— rites. Our

large c'iitaki’g is free. A no”





Lawn Fencing direct

from factory at save-the-

KITSEIJANBROS. Boxm lim' III





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





V'r/Ix/I/ * ,

2“?” 7%

5'" // I . / I _

I " ¢ 5 / 3 v ‘-

x/ll Iii/l/ll/IléI/I/Ill/llfl

y 'n- o ence

pays to buy. Get our new book.

convincing proof of quality and

sensationalnew low prices.

. EMPIRE FENCE ..

> I sold directfrom factory. (rel

prepaid—23 styles to choose from-

. magmas“. Write us aposialflow iorolero

8 ”at to. no a. House at. “finalist.
HELPS has been making buggies for 12 years. Up to date he has made and

sold 167,000 Split Hickory Vehicles. Phelps publishes in his big buggy

catalog and Phelps says in every one of his advertisements that his saving



on any buggy he builds is $25.00 to $40.00 according to the style.



If you are interested in' buying a buggy now or in the near future, it is a





 





do more harm to Phelps’ business than Phelps could ever possibly undo;



Twelve years ago when a man said he could save you $25 to $40 he did not

have to prove it the way he has to prove it today. When you read this adver-

tisement in this paper or in any other reputable paper, you know that the man

who makes the statement has got to back it up.





 





~

:' ~ 1»



«has; W!



f.’ W ‘





.5:»"\‘. “n .. ~





This big 1913 book is full of news about buggies. It shows 140 different

builds and the kind of satisfaction he gives his customers as you possibly can. models. If you could take the time to go into every dealer’s store in your nearest





Very good thing for you to find out just as much about the kind of buggy Phelps

big town and then travel around and go

into every store in twenty other towns, you

would not see the up-to-date line, the splen- helps Has Made





didly finished line, the beautifully equipped ld t D

line, the absolutely guaranteed line that you d S

find in Phelps’ book—his big 1913 Buggy an o 0 ate





Phelps Won’t Sell His Buggies Except

_ On 30 Days’ Trial -





He won’t offer any other terms. Phelps has no salesmen on





 

 

 





the road. He has no dealers in an town. All his bug- Book. . B '

gies are described in his big 3catalogue of “Split Without doing any traveling around, 1 67,000 uggles

5‘ without putting yourselves in the hands of

any dealer or any dealer’s clerk, you can sit down at your leisure and look at 140

photographs with detailed descriptions of the best buggies that are built today.

Twelve years ago it would have been a wonderful privilege for any man who con-

templated buyinga buggy to be able to get a great big comprehensive book like this.





Hickory Vehicles.” If Phelps sold a buggy that

nroved unsatisfactory and the buyer had to

keep that buggy and use it day after day,

when he was not satisfied with it,

when he didn’t like it, he could





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Phelps





Phelps ofl’ers. After you get this information, after you see these prices and

read the detailed explanation as to how Phelps can save you $25 to $40, then

go to any other buggy manufacturer, go to any dealer who sells buggies at

retail prices—go to any man that knows anything about buggies that you have

faith in and see if you have not got more information out of this book than

from anyone you talk with. See if you haven’t a bigger conception of what a

fine, well-equipped, up-to—date buggy should be than anything your dealer has





in view; than anything any other man you talked to knows about.





Whether you are interested





Shows 1 4O , .

Different Models 3%

In thls 1 9 1 3 300k. rey— Carriage Phaeton __





Spring Wagon -—- Made to

Order Models—or a full line of high grade harness, you will save time and

energy by getting this book NOW and posting yourself on all the buggies





I ,\





plit Hickory     n





. In my big 1913 book I explain point by point

from the very first operation in making a buggy

to the very last finishing touch just how I spend .

the money on materials and on the making and

just where I save you the $25. to $40. You can read





this for yourself in my book. It is no secret. There is



no mystery. It is plain, and on top of all that, any man to whom I ship any buggyI build Made to Order,

or any other style, after testing that buggy on the worst roads for 30 days and he finds any cause for dis—

satisfaction, I want that man to return my buggy and I want to pay his money back and stand all the freight.

I have sold 167,000 buggies to date and have thousands of customers who

have bought their buggies from me for the last twelve years. I do not want

a customer who buys one buggy and is not sure when he needs a new

buggy that he will write H. C. Phelps.





I Save You $25 to $40





Remember I have bought the stamps—have paid the

postage—my 1913 book is ready to mail you. I simply

Want to write your address on the envelope. Send me a.

postcard so that I can get this book to you by'early mail.





H. C. PHELPS





PRESIDENT .5 _

The Ohio Carriage Mfg. CO.

Station ‘32 Columbus, Ohio. I A ,

largest Factory in theWorld Selling Vehicles Direct to Consumer ' ' \1-





\





l9 el 2/ \





SPLIT HICKORY :

' SPECIAL __,





 





 





     

 

 





   





about “six ‘years ago, and it has, given ' Dear Sin—I received my buggy all 0.





In Constant Use Six Years. ' ifl' constantfuse ever since. Am using _ , _

Covington, Va, Feb. 26, 1912. t e same buggy today. - . . - Jpertect satisfaction, andhisfl in very’good 'K, and likepitfine, far better than I"’ex-

H. C. Phelps, President, ‘ .'-' ‘Yoursrespectfully, A:- C. SIZER. ‘ shape yet. ‘YOurs truly, J. E. PERRY» pecte‘di' - I think 18837661320 or $25. It ’is 3





The Ohio Carriage Mfg. 00-, IxUsefd .Six Years andfln‘Good;Shape:‘-» . . SaVed~$20.00 or $25.00}



Columbus, Ohio. North Taxewell.‘Va.,gJune;20,~ 1912. ; .Pittsboro, "N‘:",C., May 8, 1912. that’ I can do for you, I will do With

Dear Sirz—I bought a buggy of you The Ohio Carriage Mfg. 00., Columbus, 0. H: C.—Phelps, President, pleasure. "



about six years ago, which I have had Gentlemenz—I bought a buggy of you The Ohio Carriage Mfg. Co., Colur‘nbus,0. Very truly yours, Wm, PERRY.





just simply'flné and strong. Anything.