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The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





 





 





VOL. CXL. No. 18. :

Whole Number 3641.





DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY,





MAY 3, .1913.





50 CENTS A YEAR.

$2 FOR 5 YEARS.





 





 





Maintaining Farm Fcrtility--VII.





.T the beginning I wish to warn

against that unsound doctrine

which urges the use of 'commercial



fertilizers as a sufficient means of main—

taining and increasing soil fertility. It is

not sufficient. It is merely a part of a

complex program which involves the use

of manures, either barnyard or green. as

its complement. Farming as a business

is on a safer foundation when the bulk

of all the field crops grown on the farm

is fed to live stock and morethan two-

thirds of the plant food returned to the

soil in the form of manure.



in some of the older agracultural sec-

tions of the east, as in the Chautauqua

grape belt of New York, and the. famous

Aroostook potato county of Maine, ma-

nure is actually one of the chief ends of

specialized farming. Chautauqua grape

growers are beginning to use more chem-

ical plant foods on their land and grow

stock foods for the purpose of securing

manure with which to maintain the pro-

(luctivitv of their Vineyard soils. The

Aroostook potato growers who frequently

use from 1,000 pounds to 2.000 pounds of

high-grade complete fertilier to the acre,

find it necessary to plow under a crop of

clover if they secure maximum results

from the use of fertiliers. Similar sys-

tems of crop growing obtain in many

ot‘her prosperous farming communities.



Commercial fertiliers increase the chem-

i/cals in the soil- to the amount applied.

To make gardens and lawns quickly we

haul good soils and spread over them,

but when it comes to the enrichment of

a. large field this would be more expen-

sive than abandoning it and buying more

land. It is also probable that if we

would figure on the scheme of buying

enough purchased chemicals to enrichen

it yOu would find it a good business

stroke to move away and leave it. Too

heavy additions of chemical plant foods

primarily to add to the store- of plant





food in the soil is not the object in ap-

plying fertilizers, because the percentage

0f enrichment is too small to justify the

expense. They should be ptit there to

feed plants and incidentally to make the

soil more productive in the future. In

other words, to help grow material for

fertilizing other crops. Has it ever oc-

curred to you that it is possible to grow

fertilizing material for future crops at

the same time you are supplying the es~

scntial elements of fertility to grow large

crops for markct '.’ llow can we obtain

humus and plant food with chemicals?

There is no mystery about humus. Some

may ask 110w about the first crop in a

soil deficient in humus. This can be ac—

complished by securing a good catch of

clover or grass or any other growth by

the use of fertilizers. Some of the most

unproductive land in the country has





been made profitable farming land by

liberal amounts of fertilizers. The liti-





mus material was secured from the fer-

tilizer, the soil and the atmosphere. The

chemicals of humus are all about us and

all we need do to secure them is to use

chemicals and tillage and get the balance

from the air, then we Will haVe the ma-

terial of our own for more of them and

if we secure one growth of humus-making

material we can keep tip the work until

we have our soils in good productive con-

dition. Farm manures contain large quan-

tities of humus, but what difference does

it make whether we grow it there or

haul it. If we can grow some of it on

the soil, why not grow it all there if we

can not make a profit from harvesting it

and feeding it to live stock on our farms.

The question of profit is the only consid-

eration worth while, since the man who

grows grasses and clovers proves that he

can secure humus that way.



One can take a pot of soil and burn it

until every trace of the organic matter

is gone, mix a complete fertilizer, place





a seed in it and grow a healthy plant.

Sweet clover seed can be scattered along

a creek or river in pure sand and grow

three feet high in as many months and

the roots will go deep down and appear

as healthy as in a richer soil, which

shows that humus can be had under ad-

verse conditions.



'l‘his is the way nature first began.

Seeds of low degree were planted. and

when she had stored up a small amount

of humus, plants came in until the sur-

face soil was full of it. During all this

time worms, insects and animals were

living and dying in it, until the surface,

soil was a iield of carnage, representing

the death of plants and animals. Nature

was slow but sure in ht-r workings and

We can adopt her mcthods and accom-

plish more in one year than she did ina.

century.



\\'e can apply to loads of stable ma-

nure to an acre of land and let it de-

compose and we can fill the soil so full

of grass and clover roots that they will

hold the sulfate soil together in tough

sods. it is possible to take almost any

poor so“, of proper drainage. give it good

tillage and ten dollars’ worth of high—

grade I‘trtilizers and the right kind of

grass sceib which are adapted to the lo-

cality, let it alone for a year and repeat

the treatment. when in a year and a

half from the time of beginning the

whole Sill‘fflm‘ soil to a depth of the fur—

row slice will be wrapped in a blanket

of vegetable matter and the soil particles

filled with tiny roots. In addition more.

than one—half of the chemicals will be

there free to build more humus material

in the future.



The question of the cost of improving

such land comes up. It is largc. but my

point is to show that it can be done. To

do it in ~the most practical and econom-

ical manner ('flt'h i‘aimcr must lay out

his own plan of management. The ques-





tion is can ‘we afford to pay interest and

taxes on land that shows a loss rather

than a profit each year, when the invest-

ment of a little money for fertilizer would

put it, in shape to produce profitable

crops. Cropping with chemicals requires

skill and ability and for the farmer who

is willing to deposit his surplus savings

in the soil it is the best investment in

the world.



The average ft‘nmer who U. es tOllllllC-r-

cial tertilizers on certain fields should

make a careful study of his soil and try

and discover the limiting element of fer-

tility. There. is always some one limitin:

clement and it is important to find out

just what it is. it may not be in the

land at all. but in the methods of soil

handling practiced by the man himsclf.

Again, the limiting element may be the

amount of moisture available to the

plants. Sometimes the. limiting chmmtt

may be phosphoric acid. No matter how

much nitrogen we have. if the soil is

deficient in phosphoric acid. we cannot

grow good, sound hay and grain, for the

simple. reason we do not have enough

niatcrial in the soil. A chain is no

stronger than its weakest: link. If the.

weakest link is a scant supply of vege-

table matter, thcn supply that. If, l~y

field experiments and experience we find

that it is phosphoric acid. then we should

supply that. if we have a muck. or

peaty soil. and the grain will no: grow

or li'idges, then we need potash. Always.

hear in mind that the, crop is nitasured

not by the total amount of plant food in

the soil, not altogether by its. physical

condition. but by the one essential ele-

ment that does not exist in the soil in

sufficient ammint to produce a maximum

crop. \Ve must know our farms and

study their needs if we make a success

with these purchased plant foods.



in regard to purchasing and home-mix-

ing of fertilizers we should find out what





 





 





 





l‘llillllmmumalt if





g ”3",





 





 





,Aséene Taken at a Recent Meeting of the North Grand Rapids Experiment Association.





 





(For Descriptlorr see Page 538).
'.





 





538-2





We want, then buy it of responsible deal-

ers. I mention responsible dealers be-

caUSe there are more crooked dealers

selling fertilizers, than there are manu-

facturers making it. Always go at it in

a business-like way and buy high-grade

goods, and pay for them on the basis of

the plant food they contain. The small

farmer can hardly afford to buy chem-





icals and mix formulas at home. It takes

too much time and he cannot do the

work properly. The farmer who uses





large quantities and has sufficient help

and facilities may be able to save money

by home-mixing, if he can buy chemicals

at wholesale rate-a. If you use commer-

cial fertilizers conduct experiments with

them and let the crops and soil tell you

when it pays to buy and what elements

are needed. This will increase the pur-

chasing pOWer of your dollars.





We make a serious mistake when we

apply commercial fertilizers too close to

the soil’s surface. My experience and ob-

servation shows that it is better to apply

these fertilizers before the ground has

been harrowed the last time and get them

thoroughly incorporated with the soil and

down where they belong before the crops

are planted or sowed. Much of the, coin-

plaint concerning crop failures. when

these fertilizers are used can be traced

to applying them to the surface of the

soil where they encourage the growth of

surface roots that pcrish as soon as the

dry weather comes and shuts off their

food supply.



l‘lant roots will grow toward their food

supply and when potash and phosphoric

acid becomes fixed in the surface soil

there can be no other result than a vig-

orous system of surface roots. This is

why so many farmcrs claim that it does

not pay to use thcsc chcmicals during

dry seasons. 1f the fertilizers are well

mixed with the soil down to a depth of

three or four inches there will be no

complaint about the crops burning up as

tln- dry weather comes in the summer. In

applying chemicals to grass land it is bet-

apply large quantities of the

mineral elements when seeding than to

apply small amounts to the, surface after

lllc land is seeded. The nitrogen may

safely be applied in the form of nitrate

sowed broadcast early in the





it‘l‘ 10





«v: soda

spring.

New York.

THE GRAND RAPIDS EXPERIMENT

ASSOCIATION.





W. MILTON KEIILY.





 





 





The Grand Rapids Experiment Associa-

tion was organized in February. 1912. It

is a local branch of the Michigan Experi-

lllt‘lll Association. It is intended to be

just what its name implies: an experi-

mcnt association. Each member is sup—

posed to conduct some experiment along

agricultural lines. The, Department, of

Farm Crops of the .-\gricultui'al College.

assists in planning these experiments. Its

agents inspect conditions of soil, furnish

certain seed, etc.



Lat year experiments were conducted

in testing varieties of corn. oats and po-

tatoes, and alfalfa plants for develop-

nn-nt of seed: also experiments with com—

incrt-ial fertilizers. At the end of the

year each member is required to report

Iilt‘ results of his experiment. This year

experiments will cover about the same

ground. but on a little larger scale.



The association meets monthly at the

home of some member. Lunch is served.

A program of music, recitations and talks

or discussions of local farm problems is

given.



The first page illustration represents the

members of the association with the teach-

er and scholars of the local school. Dis-

trict No. 10, Grand Rapids Township. The

meeting was at the home of Mr. T. H.

Bacon. four miles north of the city. -



At this meeting the experiments for the

year were planned. Prof. Shoesmith and

County Agent Skinner Were present to

assist.



The dues are fifty cents yearly. Half

of this goes to the state association. Each

local member is a member of the state

association. There is a good interest and

meetings are well attended. The organi—

zation is a success from a social and bus-

iness standpoint.—Secretary.



A FEW RULES SUGGESTED BY AN

“AVERAGE” HIRED MAN.





 





 





In regard to Mr. Edward Hutchins’s

article in your issue of April 5, I would

say that it leaves the impression that the

hired man is entirely at fault. I have





been an “average” hired man for several

years and I cannot see that this is at all





_ a one-sided question.

The hired man is not an infallible being,





THE MICHIGANFARMER





of course. He makes mistakes; but so

does his employer. ‘1 have performed

work contrary to the wishes of my em-

ployer many times, simply because of a

misunderstanding of orders or from hav-

ing received no orders at all in regard to

details and been censured because I un-

fortunately was not a mind reader.





Apropos of Mr. Hutchins’ rules, I think.





a few could be written and posted by the

hired man which would read something

like this:



1. Never tell the hired man what to

do; he might do it right, but cuss him

anyway.



2. Have all tools used every day stored

away. It gives the man exercise to get

them and put them back.



3. If the hired man breaks anything or

makes a miSIake brood over it and at-

tribute it to “cussedness.”



4. Do not: employ the golden rule in

your dealings with a hired man. It won‘t

work.



5. The hired man is of inferior clay

and his wishes or advice should never, on

any account, be consulted.



6. If the hired man loses any time

charge him up for it, but don’t say any-

thing about the overtime he works.



If more men who say so much about

the hired men and find fault with'thelr way

of doing, would take to treating them as

equals and praise what they do well.

there would be a great change in the help

system which puzzles so many farmers

today. A. F. ROOT.





 





RIVER FLATS FOR PERMANENT

MEADOW.





I have ten acres of river fiats that I

would like to seed for a permanent mea—





 





 





dow. Soil a black clay loam, is' tile

drained but overflows badly in the

spring. \Vould red-top be better than





how much would you

sow per acre? \Vould it be possible to

seed part of it with millet? If so. how

would you sow it, alone or would it be

better to seed it with oats?



llapcer Co. E. J. H.



Probably a mixture of redtop and lim-

othy would be as good a combination as

you could get for these river flats. Tim-

othy will stand a good deal of water

when it comes to overflowing, that is. it

can be covered for seVeral days with

overflow water if it finally drains off, but

it won‘t do well when it has wet feet all

the while. Of course. redtop will do bet-

ter in a naturally wet soil than timothy.

but you say this land is tile drained so

1 should think that timothy would prob-

ably stand it all right unless the water

stood over it too long in the overflow and

actually smothered it.



This would be a good place to raise

millet. but millet doesn't have to be put

in until late in the summer when your

danger of high water is all over with.

l have sown millet as late as the fourth

of July and got a splendid crop. If the

ground is moist so that it will come up

quickly it will make splendid hay. You

probably could sow it the last of June,

anyway. Your high water would be over

with by that time and there would not

be any question on this rich land of get-

ting a good crop of millet, which makes

excellent hay if it is cut early enough

and well cured.



You couldn’t very well raise oats in

this field because oats ought to be put in

early in the spring. If you delay sowing

oats till after the high water it will be

too late to get a good crop. I know of

many river flats that are planted to corn

every year. The corn doeSn’t have to be

put in until along the last of May or

first of June. Usually the high water is

over with by that time, but. of course,

it is a little risky because sometimes the

high water comes late, and makes it too

late for corn, but with the millet this

would be practically safe. and I should





timothy? If so.





think would make a good permanent

meadow. COLON C. LILLIE.





 





SEEDING MUCK LAND TO TIMOTHY.





 





I have a Piece of muck land that I wish

to seed to timothy, but it is quite weedy

and as I will be short of hay I thought

to sow millet this spring and as soon as

it is off the ground drag it well and sow

the timothy. ‘Will this be a good plan

and if so when should I sow the millet

and when could I expect to get the tim-

othy sown? “'ould like to have the tim-

othy get a good start this fall. “'hal:

kind of millet would you advise sowing?



Eaton Co. M. J. B.



As long as this land is quite weedy I

think it would be an excellent practice

to do as indicated. to first raise a crop

of millet and then refit the ground and

seed to timothy this fall. The weeds will

not grow this fall to interfere withthe

timothy while if sown early thisv'spring

they prOpably will and it would have to.





be clipped. and In spite of that would

retard the growth of the timothy. There

is plenty of time to grow a. 'crop of millet

and then get the land in condition to

seed to timothy this fall. For this pur-

pose I should sow the millet about the

middle of May. That will be Iearly

'enOugh. Millet can be sown from the

middle of May to the first of July and

make a crop. If you will sow it the mid-

dle of May you will get the millet off so

that you can fit the ground and seed it

to timothy the last of August or the first

of September, which will be sufficiently

early for the timothy to get a good growth

this fall. In fact, that Is about the very

best time of the year to seed ground to

timothy. COLON C. LILLIE.

FARM NOTES.

The Barnyard Problem.





During the Wet season last fall and the

excessive rains this spring I think that

most of the barnyards are in a bad mess.

especially where there is a large stock.

1 must do something with my yard and

am at a loss what to do with it. XVIII

tell what I thought of doing and Wish





someone would tell me what they have

done or what they think of the idea.

through the Michigan Farmer. Thought





of drawing off the soft stuff when it gets

dry down to the solid soil, which is a

foot and more in some places, then put

a tile drain through it about two feet

below the surface and fill the yard up

with either coal cinders or gravel about

eight or ten inches. Which Would be

best? Coal cinders would have to be

drawn seven miles, gravel 3% miles. The

soil is a dark clay and when wet gets

like putty. Ground is level, with a fall

of about three feet to 80 rods.



Huron Co. S. T.





The barnyard problem is a serious one

upon clay soils, particularly in a season

like the last. By removing the soft mud

from the surface and filling in with grav-

el or Cinders, whichever is more conven-

ient, a much firmer bottom will be sen

cured and there will be far less tendency

for the surface to poach up and get mud-

dy. It is doubtful whether a tile drain

should be put through this yard or not,

particularly if the trench were filled with

gravel. for it would permit the leaching

of plant food from the yard. If a tile

drain is necessary it would be prefer-

able, in the writer's opinion,-to put it

near the outSide of the yard. which should

not be tee large. and then by directing

the water from the barn roof away from

the yard by the use of conductors and

drains make It possible to keep the yard

1n reasonably good condition by the use

of some bedding material, which will be





found profitable if plenty of straw is

available. A, slight slope to one side

will provide sufficient surface. drainage





to keep the yard in good condition, pro-

vided a solid foundation of grayiel or cin-

ders is laid. . ‘



Alfalfa on Heavy Clay.





I have six acres of heavy clay which

is out of rotation. Sod was turned down

for corn. followed with beans‘, part of

which were plowed under, and then to

oats. also seven acres which was sod to

corn. which yielded 100 bu. per acre, fol-

lowed by oats which yielded 65 bu.; then

to beans which were plowed under and

again sown to oats. which were a failure.

Some manure has been added during this

time. Could alfalfa be sown? Kindly ad-

vise me what would be best to do. These

two parcels are in one field and would

like to crop them alike.



S‘hiawaSsee Co. L. W. D.





Alfalfa is well adapted to clay soils. In

fact. the writer has seen fields which were

seeded to alfalfa where the soil varied

from sand to heavy clay and where the

alfalfa made a much better stand on the

heavy clay knolls than on the sandy por-

tion of the field. Ordinarily a clay soil

will contain a larger percentage of lime

than a lighter soil and the only reason

why alfalfa might not do Well on this

kind of land would be‘ a possible lack of

proper drainage, providing the land is

level and good surface drainage is not

afforded. It is also true that alfalfa or-

dinarily succeeds better on a soil which

is well supplied with humus, and not-

withstanding the fact that it has been

repeatedly cropped the yields secured

from this soil indicate that it is not ser—

iously depleted in its content of vegetable

matter. and this fact is further insured

by the plowing down of beans and the

addition of stable manure. There would,

in the writer's opinion, be a good pros-

pect of success with the alfalfa crop on

this soil, provided drainage conditions are

reasonably good. - .



Eardlcating Dandelion: from Lawns.





Our lawn is becoming covered with

dandelions. I would like to know if there

is anything that will kill them.



Monroe Co. ' A. B.





About the only successful way to erad-

icate dandelions from lawns is to dig

them out. Spraying with sulphate oflr'on

will discourage their growth somewhat.

.but does not eradicate them.





 





\





MAY 3. 1913.. ‘





TILE DRAINING A LANE.





 





Have a “lane that has a. quicksand bot-.





tom which cuts on very bad during wet

seasons. Am thinking of tiling it cross-

wise, and would like to know whether

you think it would pay. If so, state 5129.

of tile to use and how far apart to put

each drain.



Sanilac Co. Sonscmamn.





My idea. would be that it would not pay

to tile drain this lane. If it is piked up

as you would a. road by plowing a back

furrow and then plowing again, or per-

haps taking a road grader would be even

better. and making a good pike and leav-

ing a good ditch on both sides, would fix

this lane so that it would not mud up in

wet weather. If it did then a coat of

gravel could be hauled on just as you

would make a road. It would be quite

expensive to tile drain it where it is to

be used for this purpose. Of course, tile

draining would fix it all right but it

would cost much more, and even when

it is tile drained it should be plked up

and have ditches on the side so that the

surface water could run off quickly to

make a good lane or a good read. If you

are going to tile drain it it would be bet-

ter to drain it lengthways of the lane if

you have got fall because it would not

cost near as much. You would have to

have several tile draine running cross-

ways of the lane. They ought to be about

four rods apart. Lengthways of the lane

one on each side of the lane, would be

sufficient and much more economical. For

this purpose three-inch tile would be

large enough.

COLON C. LILLm.





TILE DRAINING IN QUICKSAND AND

ON HILLSIDE.



I would like a little light on the sub-

ject of tile draining a piece of sandy

land. This sand is not very poor or light

and produces good crops in a normal

year. It is quite level and through the,

center of it is a strip that seems to be

cold and springy, and in a wet year this

strip produces nothing. This strip ls

about ten rods wide and 40 rods long.

Also on the north and west sides of this

sandy field it slopes very abruptly to—

wards a swamp. About half-way up this

slope water is seeping through most all

the time in a wet year and especially so

in the spring, being too wet to put grain

in. or anything else. How should this

slope be tiled? Y‘Vould concrete tile be all

right: how far must they be apart to make

a good job of it? The soil is a gravelly

sand and produces well in rest of field.



St. Clair Co. Suasomsnn.





SubScriber is silent on kinds of sub-

soil. Evidently on fairly level land four-

inch tile running lengthWise, three feet

deep, would repay the cost in one year,

or perhaps two years. Being sandy, and

conditions as stated, It should be done in

a dry time, for there must be more or

less quicksand. He does not state wheth-

er same can be drained down this slope

or not, whether one. drain or two. Tile

may be laid tight and safe on quite a

grade. Laterals may be put In to re-

move springy conditions. This drain

should be laid out and targets used; to

insure proper tile laying in quicksand

and caving conditions. Cement tile or

soft .tlle may be durable or may not be.

Glazed tile is considered permanent.



Lapeer Co. DITCHER.





 





THE FUNCTION OF THREE ELE.

MENTS OF PLANT FOOD.





Does potash produce. grain or straw?

Does phosphoric acid produce straw?



Ottawa Co. J. B. F.



Nitrogen is the essential life principle

of plants and is found in all the living

cells of plants. Its function seems to be

to produce new tissue, in other words,

produce luxuriant foliage. Plants that

are well supplied with nitrogen produce

a vigorous growth and have a healthy

green color. Phosphoric acid is found

largely in the mature seeds of plants. Its

function is to hasten maturity. Where

plants are so long in growth, late matu-

ring before seed production, it is a pret-

ty good sign that the soil is deficient in

phosphoric acid. IVhere the soil is well

supplied with phosphoric acid there is

abundant seed development. It tends to

produce early development. Potash pro-

duces the fleshy part of fruits and of

seeds and gives general stiffness to straw.

If the wheat plant has a. weak stem the

probability is that there ls-a lack of

sufiicient potash in the soil.



Of these functions of the essential ele-





'ments of plant food_ an eminent authority





says: “Nitrogen gives the stalk or body

of the growing plant, life, strength, and

vigor; phosphoric acid‘glves vitality and

health to the fruit of the plant, and pot-

ash gives body, tone, and strength to

yielding.”



.COLON C. LILLIE.





 





 





r





“-4 “‘0.





A
r





“-4 M..





 





 





 





MAY 3, 1913. ‘





THE, MICHIGAN FARM.ER





Factory Prices for the Asking-





How to Make A Lawn.





LAWN is the most important ele-

A ment of a landscape. ‘It is the



basisbn which all other effects are

produced, whether natural beauty or ar-

chitectural design. No home can be

beautiful without a well-kept greensward.

It matters not whether it be the country

dooryard, the few square feet of soil in

front of the city home, or the vast extent

of the wealthy estates and city parks.

The effect is the same. Green grass is

of great eSthetic value as well as of eco-

nomic importance. It adds a finished ef-

fect to the home surroundings and pro-

duces a soothing effect on the mind. The

farm home which is provided with a

beautiful lawn on which its inhabitants

can rest evenings has something of en-

viable value. Grass is nature’s own rem-

edy for all erosions. She abhors bare

spots and hastens to cover them over

with vegetation. If we assist her in so

doing by proper preparation of the soil

and sowing the right seeds, we are giv-

ing to our homes the first element of

beauty.



Must Take Things as they Are.



An ideal soil is one which is seldom

found where we want it. This is a factor

which, to a large extent, we are unable

to control. We have to make our lawns

on the soil which is found in our door—

wards. Even where. the soil is the kind

wanted it often is modified by the opera-

tion of grading. For instance, in digging

the basement the sub-soil is thrown up

and mixed with surface soil. Therefore

the problem before us is to convert not

the ideal but an abnormal soil into a suit-

able place for growing grass, Perhaps the

most important point to consider here is

the matter of water supply. This is the

most essential element of plant growth,

for through it the grass will get its food

supply of potassium, calcium. magnesium,

phosphorus, nitrogen and other necessary

elements. The soil should be able to take

care of the excess moisture during wet

seasons and also be able to supply stored

up moisture from its depths during

droughts. This factor is far more im-

portant than providing fertilizers of any

kind.



Treatment for Different Soils.



Clay soils make very strong lawn soils,

giving a dense sod and growing Kentucky

bluegrass very well. Their principal ob—

jection is the difficulty in preparing them

for lawn purposes and getting them in

good physical condition for seeding. Lim-

ing will help to loosen these soils, and or-

ganic manures are almost a necessity. It

is often advantageous to mix in a loam

or sandy soil.



Clay loams, when Well drained make a

good soil on which to establish a lawn.

They hold the moisture well. Silt looms

are ideally adapted, but must also have

good drainage and 'plenty of organic

matter.



Sandy soils are unsuitable for lawn pur-

pOSes. They require too much organic

matter and other fertilizers, and besides

will not hold water during dry periods.

A sandy loam is very good when under-

laid by a clay sub-soil. A sub-soil hasa.

strong influence on maintaining a, lawn.

The soil cannot be judged by the visible

surface only, for the depth of the surface

soil is very important. Those soils with

a strong clay sub-soil are better able to

maintain a good lown than those having

sandy subsoils. The sub-soil must be at

lcast six inches and preferably 12 inches

below the surface of the ground



Grass will not grow on a soil that is

not well drained. for then the earth be-

comes waterlogged, producing a wet, cold

soil, and the grass will die for lack of air

at the roots. This condition can be elim-

inated by laying tile in the subsoil: Hard-

pan formations are hindrances to the

movements of water and should be brok-

en up by sub-soiling or other means, as

good drainage, like a good water supply,

is absolutely essential for a good green-

sward. Drainage allows a. freer access

of air to the roots and favors proper bac-

terial activity.



Grading.



Grading is the most expensive operation

of landScape work, but is often necessary

for a good effect. Have the grade incline

away from the house to carry away sur-

face water. The ground should have a.

slightly convex rolling surface from the

base of the foundation to the road. This

increases. the apparent extent of the yard

by bringing the whole surface into view

from any one point. If there are any

irregularities, hills. terraces, etc., the

buildings will appear much nearer the





road. Do not attempt to build terraces

on your lawn. They are expensive, hard

to maintain, lessen the apparent extent,

and destroy, naturalness; you will have

difficulty in sodding them, and rains will

wash them down. Remember the best

effect is always produced by having the

grade slight and the surface smooth and

rolling.



Just a word as to the operations of

grading where cuts or fills are necessary.

If a knoll is to be cut off, remove the

top soil, cut down as far as desired, and

then replace the top soil. Otherwise you

are exposing the sub-soil on which grass

cannot grow. The same principal applics

to filling in. Remove the surface soil,

make the fill, and then replace the top

soil.



,4 Preparing the Seed Bed.



Seeds should be planted to a depth of

about twice their diameter. In sowing

small seeds, like grass. they must be

covered at an even depth and the sur-

face must be smooth. The surface seed

bed need not be more than an inch deep

but must be very fine. However, as the

plants send out long feeding roots the

soil should be well cultivated to a depth

of eight or ten inches. After plowing put

on some straw or leaf mold to prevent

baking. Then treat as you would a good

garden soil. Finish by a very fine rak-

ing, before but not after seeding. A good

time to sced is early in the morning or

in the evening, as there is the least wind

then. If possible, seed just before a

shower; otherwise the ground must be

rolled after seeding. Also, seeds will grow

better just after turning the ground. An

important point is to sow the seeds even.





A good plan is to sow north and south

and then sow east and west. This as-

Surcs an even distribution of the seeds





over all of the ground. Sow the seed in

the spring and then re-seed about August

20. About 50 pounds of seed per acre

will cover the ground well. .It is always

advisable to test the seed for germina-

tion bcforc sowing.



Great care should be exercised in the

use of fertilizers on a lawn. Ground bone





is probably best, and ashes are good for‘





they contain plcnty of potash. Nitrate

of soda is a good stimulant for the lawn

but should not be used strong and must

not come in contact with the foliage or

roots.



Kinds of Grasses.





June grass or Kentucky bluegrass.

known to seedsmen as Poa pratensis, is

undoubtedly the great American lawn

grass. It is adapted to all regions of the

eastern and northern part of the country

and west to the Mississippi, and thrives

best on a strong retentive soil with an

abundance but not an excessive. amount

of water. It has many of the character-

istics desired in a good lawn grass: fine

texture of leaves, grows close to the

ground. will not winter-kill, will stand

close clipping, spreads rapidly by un-

oerground rootstocks, will choke out most

other weeds, and produces a permanent

lawn. lts faults are slowness in starting,

and the fact that it will not do well in

shady places, on sandy Soil, or poorly

drained soil.



For the above reasons lawn mixtures

are sold by most seedsmen. These con-

tain seeds adapted for all purposes. For

producing a quick effect other grasses

are mixed with the Kentucky bluegrass.

English rye grass will do this and then

die out the second year. {cdtop (Ago-os—

tis alba) will give a good effect the first

year, is not so coarse as the rye grass,

and will be smoothered out the second

or third year by the blue grass. One-half

Kentucky blue grass. one-quarter redtop,

and one-quarter rye grass is a good mix-

ture to start a lawn with. This will re-

sult in a few years in 'a pure bed of

Kentucky blue gross. For very shady

places woodland meadow grass (Poa ne—

moralis) is advised, and for very sandy

places Rhode Island bent grass (Agrostis

canina). It has been the experience of

the writer to use only Kentucky blue

grass, if it will grow well where desired,

fer it produces a smooth velvety carpet





of grass all the same color. It is poor

practice to buy lawn mixtures from

seedsmen. If necessary to use more





than one grass at better practice is to

buy the seeds pure, and make your own

mixtures in the proportions desired.

White clover is used largely in these

mixtures and it produces 9. spotted effect

on the lawn; The same will be true of

almost any mixture.





Ingham Co. A. C. MASON.





 





3—539





 





on Genuine Witte Engines





 





   





"IE5 fered at actual wholesale prices.

EIIEIIIO > the asoline engine field for 25 years.

Book





have our own gas well.

You get the benefits.





 





 

 





special offer bulletin.

that will startle you. Remem ber.it’s your first

chance at an engine of quality. standing and

reputation at a small price. Mention size

needed or work to be done. Write at once.





WITTE IRON WORKS CO.





 

 

 

 





HE genuine Witte-conceded the best farm engine in America—now of-





highest prices or the Witte. Now you can get one at actual factory price—what

the dealer paid-and have the finest engine in your county.





Our Gas Well Saves You Many Dollars More





We do more than give you ordinary factory prices.

Power. testing. forge. foundry and heating fuels cost us nothing.

But you couldn't afford to own any other engine even if the Witte

cost twice as much—because an average of 1 cent for every horse-power per hour cut:

gasoline bills in half—pays for your engine in no time.



Every part guaranth S years—full rated horse power on minimum gasoline guaranteed too.

Built in all sizes from 1V2 to 40 h. 1)., every one tested to 10% overload.





WRITE FOR 60 DAYS FREE TRIAL OFFER





and complete, direct, factory price proposition with catalog and

We expose engine secrets in this bulletin ‘





2192 Oakland Ave, 4., '





   





Yes. this is the engine that has lead

Dealers have been getting the





   

   

 





 





   

 

 





   





We are the only manufacturers who





 

 

 

 

 





   

 





 





 

   

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 





[ha (”a @





 





The prOof of roofing

waterproofing.





Trinidad Lake asphalt.





Ask your dealer for Ccnasco.

on the roll.





New York

San Francisco





A ~30 ;‘





T’ S time to order

your Paris Green. If

you used last year Devoe

8c Raynolds Co.’s Pure

Paris Green, you’ll

probably be using it this

year. Results tell the

story.





Two well known sprays

are Devoe Arsenate of Lead

and Devoc Lime and Sul-

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Always specify Devoe brands

and get Dcvoe quality.





Devoe 8c Raynolds Co.

171 West Randolph St.



Chicago



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Largest makers of pure paints





 





III. Berlin Quart Our Specialty



‘ A WHITE package which insurel



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' Write for 1913 catalog show-



Ing our complete line. and ”cure



your BASKETS. CRATES. etc. .0

WINTER DISCOUNTS



“II IEIUI Hill" I0! '0"

Berlin Height... 0M0.





 





BeeHiveI. Sections. founda-





tion. Smokers. etc.

wan Band to: fully "warms

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Genasco Roofing

is made of i\ature’s everlasting waterproofer-





It is rain-proof, sun-proof, wind-proof, heat-proof,

cold-proof, acid-proof, and alkali—proof.

means also that it is expense-proof.





_ Look for the hemisphere trademark

_ Mineral or smooth surface—several weights.

leak Kleet is a patent fastener and watcrproofcr for roofing scams.

W rite us for Good Roof Guide Book and samples. free.





The Barber Asphalt Paving Company





Largest producers of asphalt. and largest

manufacturers of ready routing in the world.





Chicago





 





BEE SUPPLIES and BERRY BASKETS





M. II. HUNT O SON. 400 Gondlt 50-, LANSING. MIOIQ





 

 

 

 

   

   





 

   





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MO U N’I‘ GILEAD

CIDER PRESSES





Not the biggest profit. because they got

the most cider out of apples with the

least cost. of operatio. 36 years of

success hack of our guarantee to you,

We make a press for every pur-

pose. Also cine: evaporators,

applevbutter cookers. vinegar

generators, spraying outfits. etc.

THE IIYDRAI‘LIC PRESS MFG. CO.

131 Lincoln Ave. Mt. Gilead Ohio.





SEEDBEANIS





Spring Rye and Buckwheat.

Northern Michigan Grown.

ASK FOR PRICES.





TRAVERSE GITY Illlllllli 00.





Traverse City, Mich.





SEED BEANS





Isbell's Improved pea-bean: 1912 crop: harvested

f‘bone-dry": Holden germination test 98 : high yield-

ing; test nearlytii lbs: hand picked, ‘ree sample

prepaid. HUNT BR()S.. ’l‘oknnsha. Michigan.





SPRAYERs—light power s ra en on skidsl

. complete wit 2 orse engine

595 also some bargains in large machines slightly used

ln demonstrating. thoroughly overhauled and guar-

anteei, 8139 to .160. Get; our circular and terms.

RIMES MFG. 00., 431 River St. Lansing. Mich.





SEED POTATOES.





The Experiment. Station base our lu of fl 0 '

Walter lialiegh Heed Potatoes. Wri‘t’e sfor prawns.“-

Horticultural Division. East Lansing. Mich.





0Nl0N SEED ion SALE—100 lbs. yellow Globe

Denver 81 per lb

A. E. CRAMTON. Vassar. Michigan.

F WE CAN'T SAVE YOU MONEY. don't buy but

send for our Catalogue and see. Apple Trees 8c.

Peach 30. Cherry 80. Pear 150 and up. All kinds

of Shade Trees. Berry plants. Roses Privet. etc.

An Orange or Lemon lant that bear free with

order. ERNST NURSE IES. Box 2, Moscow, Ohio.





—Reid’s Yellow Dent: Earl L '

SEED CORN and White (Jan. GatheiyedaaEglrillys

Rack Dried Germination Perfect. Ask for 9am les

and catalogue. THEO. BURT a SON. Melrose, 0 io.





BITE CAI: DENT CORN—Fire dried. 99 '-

Wnation. $2.30 per bu. Bags free. Yield 13353.1:21’

GEO. E. LAPHAM. R. 8. St. Johns. Michigan.





SEED conu-sge- veer, p3... home



11. re 1' . .

Golden Fleece and Reg wediah Select. getateggiiid

for sample and Circular. .A. Bywater.Memphis.Mich.





-Green Mountain Pot t .



For Sale at blight resistor: 0“



fire-dried. COLON C. LIL IE,(‘oopenvillo. Mich.

—Michi an grown Early Yellow De



SEE” CIIRN TestedI over 90 7’». 31.50 per bushgl:



Address ED. HEITHE. R. No. 4. Pontiac. Michigan.





 

 





 





 





acre.





 





Berry Buketc and 16 qt. lbcr

board Crates. the beat yet. Also

two. three. and four quart bal-

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_ 540—4





 





 





 





HE salt that melts in



the butter makes the

butter that melts in your

mouth.





Fancy butter is mostly a matter

of cream. But don’t forget that it’ s

partly a matter of the right :alt.





Ordinary bitter salt handicaps

your butter; holds back or alters

its flavor.





Worcester Salt—without a trace

of bitterness—brings out the full

flavor. - Its even texture and uni—

form grains make it the easiest salt

to work into your butter.





W0 R C E STE R

SALT





The Salt with the Savor





Send us your dealer's name and

address and we will mail you, free

of charge, our booklet, Butter

Making on the Farm.”





For farm and dairy use, Worces-

ter Salt is put up in 14—pound cotton

bags and 28 and 56-pound Irish linen

bags. Good grocers everywhere



,1 sell Worcester Salt. Get a bag.

WORCESTER SALT COMPANY

‘ Larger: Pndurn: of High- Grad: Salt in the World





NEW YORK





 





 





 





"make good" because they're made good.

And they' ve been getting better every

year for 15 years If you want to be

trc rated right, order a Kalamazoo now.



We prepay freight. Get our catalog: It



tells the whole story. Address Dept.





KILAMAZOO TAIIK &. SILO I20.

Kalamazoo. Mlch. KanmC'y.Mo.

Mlnneapoll I. Minn.

lln. Ft. North. for.





 





FIRE-PROOF—EIIERLASTIIIG





OUR FREE BOOKLET tells why the

Guernsey is easy to erect and at low

cost; how best grade Ohio vitrified clay

hollow-tile. steel reinforced construction

renders it. absolutely proof against

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doors render it fire-proof. Tells why

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trouble. .AIzents wanted. Write for book-

let, guarantee and full details, FRI‘E

1103 Odd Fellow Bldg.

INDIANAPOLIS. IND.





 





Arc Flames

for Engine Power





From Elkhart Ma netos.

Make hot. shar flame origni-

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08in;





Elkhnrt Monufnctunn

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_ Pump Grind Saw

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Pluto mention the l'llclliznn Former when

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THE MICHIGAN FA‘RMER





gnmnimnmnmmmmmnmmmmnmlmmmmmummmums





Dairy.





SIIIIIIIIIIlllfllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIlliIIIlllllHlIllllllllIllIlIlllE

CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





 





GROWING INTEREST IN DAIRYING.





 





Perhaps the most marked change that

has taken place in the farming commu-

nities of this section, in. recent months,

may be found in the increased interest

in the dairy business. ‘Broadly speaking,

the farmers of Hillsdale county have

never shown much interest in dairying,

although of late, a thriving dairy center

has been established in Litchfield town-

ship. In the muin, farmers have kept a

few cows as a matter of COurse, and

have treated the butter business as a.

sort of side issue. Milk and butter for

family use was, of course, an important

essential, but beyond that, the head of

the houSe cherished some grave doubts

as to the profitableness of keeping cows.

In recent months, however, there has

been a rapidly growing tendency toward

increasing the number of cows and mak-

ing dairying a. more prominent feature of

farm work.



In attempting to analyze this innova-

tion and discover the causes of the torn

dency, several factors stand out promi-

nently. These factors may not apply in

all cases, but in general, one or all of

them may be considered as having had

an inilucnce in bringing about the change.

A study of the question shows these

agents to be as follows:



First. Probably more than any other

one thing. the introduction of the silo

has awakened interest in dairying. Ow-

ing to the fact that this section has en-

gaged for years, in sheep

silo was slow in coming. But since its

introduction, the. erection of the silo has

gone on apace, and now half the farms

possess one or more of these structures.

The feeding of cnSilugc has put a new

face on dairying, and awakened a new

interest in the industry.



SeCond. \Yithout doubt, the success of

the Litchficld co—operative creamery has

done much to awaken interest in the

business, throughout the county. The

line herds of Jerseys now owned in that

townShip, and the splendid showing made

have proved to farmers elsewhere, that

there is good money in dairying. For ex-

ample: \\'hen a patron of the co-opera-

tive creamcry received a check for $160,

from a herd of 11 Jerseys in a single

month, the farmers of adjoining town-

ships began to take notice. This herd

produccd 400 pounds of butter-fut which

501d for 40 cents per pound, bringing the

owner the sum stated. The quickcst way

to interest it man in any business, is to

show him the profits. and the Litchfield

dairymen have been producing the goods.



Third. Undoubtedly the introduction of

the cream separator has been an import-

ant agent in the promotion of interest in

dairying. The majority of farmers did

not like to send the milk to‘the old-time

creamery, and claimed that the waste

product which was Sent back was not

good to feed to hogs and calves. “'ith

the coming of the separator, this was

changed. The farmer can separate his

own cream, and the product that remains

can be used to advantage as in the days

before crcamcrics existed. Many farm-

ers who could not be induced to patron—

ize a creamcry under the old method,

look at the matter differently since the

coming of the cream separator.



In addition to the factors mentioned,

other minor agents have had an influ-

ence. In some cases, the annual ravages

of hog cholera and other diseases among

hogs, have been the means of turning

the attention to dairying. This is true

especially with the smaller farmers who

are seeking to relieve the strain of un-

certainty caused by frequent losses of

hogs which had been depended on for the

paying of obligations. They will keep

hogs in connection with the cows, if they

can; but if the hogs die, the cows will

remain and help tide over the emergency.

The uniformly high prices of dairy pro-

ducts of late, have also exerted an in-

fluence.



In regard to the effect of the new

movement on the industries of this sec-

tion, it is perhaps, too early to state with

definiteness. Should the tendency to,en-

gage in dairying continue to grow, it

seems likely that the industry will take

the place of sheep feeding among the

smaller farmers, although the large feed-

ers who do not seem to‘ be affected by

the movement. will continue to feed their





 





thousands of sheep as fOrmerly. An im-





, seen





feeding, the'





mediate result of the tendency may be

in the unprecedented high prices

paid for ‘milch cows. At the auction sales

of the winter and spring, $75 has been

the average price paid for cows, while in





many instances the price has gone very





close to the hundred dollar mark. As

was stated in the beginning, the tendency

to engage in dairying is the most mark-

ed change of recent months. Whether or

not a reaction will set in, after the high

tide of enthusiasm, remains to be seen.

Hillsdale Co. J. A. KAISER.





A Goon RATION FOR MlLCH cows.





 





I would like to know if my ration for

mllch cows is all right. I am feeding

the following: Silage, 35 to 40 lbs. per

cow; dry stalks, but no hay; for grain.

100 lbs. oil meal, 100 lbs. gluten feed.

100 lbs. corn meal, 100 lbs. bran, 250 lbs.

brewers’ grain. of which I feed each cow

about 8 lbs. a day, 4 lbs. morning and 4

lbs. at night. Feed is mixed all together

before feeding.



Lenawee Co. J. V.





At first one would say that there was

too much protein in this ration because

nearly all of the grains used are rich in

protein, with the exception of cornmeal,

but, on the other hand, when we con-

sider the roughage, nothing but dry corn-

stalks and corn silage. then we must

realize that more protein must be used

in the grain than as though we had clo-

ver or alfalfa hay in the roughage. I

think this is a_pretty well balanced ra-

tion. Of courSc, I would like a little bit

more variety in the roughage and if hay

should be added to the ration then one

could dispense with either the oil meal

or the gluten feed.





THINKIs’FARMERs THEMS’ELVES '

OUGHT T0 TEST CREAM.

0



There is considerable dissatisfaction

throughout the state with the tests of

milk and cream given by the creameries

and when the matter is entirely with the

creameries and the farmer has absolutely

no check or means of knowing that he is

getting a square deal, as is almost uni-

versally the case at present, this is not

to be wondered'at.



\\'hat is the remedy for

affairs?



The average farmer probably does not

feel himself competent for accurate test-

ing, even if he goes to the three or four

dollars' expense to procure a. Babcock

testing outfit. but if several could club

tOgether and get the outfit, and one prac-

tice until he gained the requisite skill for

accurate work, and then he do all the

testing, that would be a. solution of the

problem. Or if our state pure food au—

Ihorities would test samples, they could

now be sent by parcel post without very

great expense. and a comparison 01“ the

tests would show if any unfairness was

being practicul by the creumcries.



I make no charge that dishonesty is

rife in the land, in fact, as a class I think

the creamery people will compare favor-

ably with others, but if one does not

know no is getting his honest dues, there

is a chance for suspicion on his part.



It would certainly be for the interest

of all concerned that confidence be estab-

lished at once in the absolute accuracy

of our creamery tests.



Barry Co.





this state of





SUBSCRIBER.





GRAIN RATION FOR THE FRESHEN-

ING COWS.





 





 





Now that dairymen have little or no

fear of damage resulting from milk fever

and that there is a general improvement

in the feeding of cows during the “dry"

period, the proper kind of grain feed to

give the cows at such a time becomes an

important matter to many cow owners.

The following grain mixture contributes

the desired ash and protein for the re—

quirements of the developing foetus where

a suitable roughage is fed and is suffi-





‘ciently laxative to keep the cow in the





best physical condition—one and one-half

pounds each of bran and ground outs to

one pound of linseed meal. The above

amount makes a single day‘s ration for

an average sized cow, when She is not

supplied with an abundance of succulent

and nutritious pasture.



The cow should have silage and good

hay in connection with the grain. As in-

timated, an abundance of nutritious pas—

ture alone will supply the cow's needs in

most instances, but it should be remem-

bered that the early growth of June

grass meadows is not well supplied with

food elements, being mostly water, and

should be supplemented with a little

grain and good hay until the grass has

the required degree of substance to meet

the food demands of the cow’s body.



Wayne Co. Sussoruenn.





 





 





0 MAY 3, 1913..





Separators





Let me tell on one sure

thing; The eatrice is the

only standard separator

on the market that you

can buy atafair-play price.

A square deal—that’s what

you get when you buy a





B E AT R I C E

Cream Separator





Most dealers ask $100 up for a

high-grade separator. I paid $75

for my Beatrice. I don’ t think I

ever had so much cream separator

satisfaction.





Why, I can clean the bowl and

discs in [en than 2 minutes, with the

patented device furnished free with

the separator. They come out as

clean and as spotless as a new

penny and as sweet as a nut.





I figure I save the price .



of my Beatrice every

year by us close, clean

skimming. It’s the v,

easiest-running ma-

chine I ever bad

My repair bills have

amounted to prac-

tically nothing.

It‘s a sure-enough .

built-to-last cream sepa‘

rator.



Take Farmer Onswon's

advice. Get a Beatrice.

Get on the list ofsatil-

fied scpa- ,

ratoruscrs.

See your

dealer or write to





Till! BE TRICK

CREAM Y (20.

Chicago

Lincoln. Neb.

Des Molnes. lo.

Dnbnqne. In.





 

   





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

 





 





 

 





AMERICAN





SEPARATOR





THIS OFFER IS NO CATCH.

it Is a solid proposition to send,

on trial. fully guaranteed. a new.

well made. easy running separa-

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fnmlllea. Different from this pic-

ture, which illustrates our large

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a sanitary marvel. easily cleaned.

Gears thoroughly r0 tected

Western orders ill ad from

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In 0 the New Buttor- ,

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easy cleaning. close skim- -

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2269 Marshall Blvd. "W





 





 

 





 

   

 

   

   

 

 

 

 





 





Home Town: a Silo hooped

like a water tank. Kalama-

zoo Galvanized Door

Frame, Clear Cedar Doors.

Never require paint nor

insurance: is fire and frost

proof. Will be sold so that

It earns its cost before the





Buyer” «a... 6'Money

Cement Ellie Silo Co.

Ian-mo. WEAR
MAY 3. 1913.





WHAT Is (ENSILAGEUQQRN?





I desire to plant some ensilage corn to

mix with my common corn for growing

silage. I am told that there‘is an en-

silage corn that gets ripe as early as

the common corn and that the chief ob-

jection to most of such kinds of corn is

that they do not ripen early enough. Now

will you kindly inform me if’ I am cor—

rect about there being such an early va-

riety of ensilage corn and if so how could

I secure seed of same?





Hillsdale Co. E. C. '8.

Any corn grown and finally put into

the silo could be called ensilage corn. In





other wordS. ensilage corn does not differ

from any other com and is called such

only because it is finally put into the silo.

The varieties of ensilage corn. so-called,

are simply common corn that grows

farther south of us where! the seasons are

longer. This corn has got in the habit

of growing in these countries where there

is a longer period for corn to mature in

and is naturally more slow to mature.

“Then we bring that corn north and

plant it here before it becomes acclimat—

ed it doesn’t get ripe. Sometimes the

earliest ears will get ripe, and if we select

these and plant them, in a short time it

becomes acclimated and will then mature

The best corn for en-





in our latitude.



silage is the variety that does the best

in oue’s particular neighborhood. He!

wants corn for silage that will properly

mature; that is, it must get mature

enough so that the kernels are glazed

and the most of them dented. Then it





contains the,largest per cent of digesti-

ble nutrients, and to make the best qual—

ity of ensilage corn it should not be put

into the silo until it comes to this degree

of maturity. If you send into Ohio after

seed corn and plant it here you will have

to have a very favorable season in order

to have it get good and ripe. If you go

south into Kentucky or Virginia and get

seed corn and bring it up here and plant

it it will not get ripe the first season.

This corn grOWs larger than our native

corn. Some people call this ensilage corn

in distinction to other corn, when as a

matter of fact it is no more ensilage corn

than our corn is if we put our corn into

the silo. I should say. go no farther south

than northern Ohio for seed corn for en-

silage. Be sure that it will get fairly

mature in our season. A good variety of

our native corn planted thickly makes

the very best quality of ensilage.





 





 





HOW TO PREVENT A COW FROM

SUCKING HERSELF,





 





method of





is the most effective

herself?





sticking





TVhat

preventing a cow from





The cow in question is a good cow. one

that the writer would like to keep, for

awhile, at least.



Van Buren Co. R. S. I“.





The best way that I ever found to

break a cow of this bad habit is to get

what is known as a calf. weaner. You

can get it at the hardware store. It is

inSerted into the nOSe on the same prin—

ciple as the old-fashioned bull ring, and

this iron ring has great long sharp prongs

on it that hang down over the nose. It

doesn’t trouble the cow in eating to any

extent, but when she goes to suck her-





self these brads or prongs will hurt her

so that she soon gives it up. Of course,





you can have a halter made with brads

in it, but it is not as good. lleal long

prongs are needed or else the cows will,





continue to suck

these long brads





if they are persistent,

themselves; but with

they soon give it up.





WHAT TO USE WITH SKlM-MILK FOR

CALVES.





 





Being desirous of raising some calves

this season. and knowing the unsatisfac—

tm‘y results from trying to do so, on

separated milk, alone, I wish to ask

what I can beSt feed to get the best re-

sults and at the same time not so ex-

pensive as to make it unprofitable.



Lapeer Co. , L



There is nothing better, that I ever

found.' to mix with skim-milk for calves,

than fiaxseed meal jelly. Get the ground

flaxseed, not the oil meal, and then mix

this fiaxseed with water in the proportion

of one part fiaxseed meal to six parts of

water and put it on the fire and let it

come to a boil. This makes a jelly. Then

every time you feed the calf skim-milk

put in a. little of this flaxseed jelly,

which is very rich in fat and which will

take the place, to a very satisfactory de—

gree, of the butter-fat which has been

taken out of the milk. Don’t feed too

much skim-milk. If the calf is one of

the small dairy breeds don’t feed over

four or five pounds of skim-milk to a

feed; if of the larger dairy breeds then

you can increase this amount somewhat

in proportion to the size of the salf. As

the calf grows Older don’t keep increasing

the amount of skim-milk. Encourage it





THE MICHIGAN FARME'R





to eat groundoats or whole oats, shelled

corn, and clover hay, and other roughage

rather than increase the amount of skim-

milk. .





COW GIVES BUT LITTLE MILK.





 





I had a cow come in last Friday and

She does not give but about a teacupful

of milk to a milking. She eats and

drinks good and seems in good health as

far as I can see. \Vhat can I do to bring

her to her milk?



H. J. S.





Genesee Co.



I can give but very little information

upon this question. The cow may neve'r

come to her milk and nobody that I know

of can tell you the reason why. Mr. S.

does not say whether this is a two-year-

old heifer or an older cow and whether

she has done well formerly or not, but

1 think it makes but little difference. The

beSt way that I know of is to leave the

calf with the cow and let him suck the

row. If anything will bring a cow to her

milk that will. Then, persistent milk-

ing and stripping and kneading of the

udder, is the only possible way that an

extra flow of milk can be secured. Of

course, good liberal feeding of nutritious

foods will aid but sometimes this does

not work and the cow will not give

enough milk to pay, and finally dries up.



Once I had a two-year-old heifer that

was well-bred and she came in and we

never could get her to give enough milk

to pay for milking. I don’t know what

the trouble was. It probably was a case

of atavism, or reversion, tracing back to

a remote ancestor that didn't give any

milk and it could not be: overcome by

manipulation of the udder. Such things

rarely occur in young animals. If, in the

instance of Mr. 8., it is an older cow

probably something has been done to in-





5—541





 





A. straight from the .

shoulder message to

separat or buyers





Beware of separator salesmen who claim that their machine

is ”just like the De Laval” or ”as good as the De Laval”.





Such claims'are all absolutely false.

Such imitators juggle with words.





Instead of putting into their machine the experience and

the workmanship and the material

necessary to make a cream separator

anything like as good as the De Laval,

they find it cheaper and easier to

”claim everything” and make a

bugbair of - ”price” to keep the

buyer from discovering the mechani-

cal shortcomings of their machine.



They go on Barnum’l theory that

the people like to be fooled and they

don’t care how they get your money

just so long as they get it.





It is unfortunate that the sepa-

rator business should be burdened

with such unfair business methods

but. since it. is it behooves every

prospective separator buyer to use

care and good judgment in the

selection he makes.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





jure the udder so that the glands do not ,

sect-elk milk, or perhaps the cow has had 3

fever, the udder has been chilled by ly-l

ing on ice, in snow or on cold floors, or

something of that sort.





BUTTERMILK TASTE IN BUTTER.





 





 





I have been having trouble with my

butter and would like to ask you if you

could help me out on it. I am milking.

but one cow, (Jersey, six years old),

freSh one month ago. Every lot of but-

ter I have churned has ,had a strong

taste, something like buttermilk. lchurn

twice a week. Skim the cream when it is

two days old. Have been feeding the

cow cut cornstalks. These stalks have

not: been heated, for roughage, corn and





 





 





oats, half-and—hall‘, for grain, about two

quarts of feed.

Kent Co. E. J. S.

It is extremely difficult to make gilt-

edge butter from the milk of one cow.

You can’t churn often enough and You

won’t take proper care of the cream. I





don't believe anybody ever yet succeeded

in making a uniformly high-grade ot'but-

ter where they only had one cow. Some—

lllllQS you get it all right, and then again

there Will be something the matter with

the butter, and it almost invariably comes

from the fact that you have such a small

amount of cream to handle, have to wait:

so long before you churn, that it iSn’t

done as it should be.



Now the probability is that if the but—

ter has a buttermilk taste, the butter-

milk is not all washed out of it, and it:

still contains some buttermilk and that‘

is what gives it this taste. Cream should ‘

be churned at a temperature of 60 de-

grees or below, and it should be churned

until it forms in granules about the size

of kernels of wheat or a little smaller.

Then the churn should be stopped and

the buttermilk drawn off, after which

cold water should be used to wash the

butter. Put in some cold water—don't

use tepid water, it wants to be just as

cold well water as you can get. Other-

wise, when you turn over the churn the

butter will accumulate in large masses

and you can't get the buttermilk all out.

If you use cold water in washing it will





 





remain in the granular form. Put in

some cold water, turn the churn over

Once. Then draw off this water. Then





put in some more water, turn the churn

over again, and draw it off, and continue

to do so until the water runs away clear.

This washes out the buttermilk. Then

salt’ your butter, usmg as much salt as

you like or as your market demands.

You can next take the butter out and

leave it in the butter bowl and later re-

work it. This will certainly get all of

the buttermilk out of the butter and I

think it will have no objectionable taste.

Usually butter is not rel-worked, but is

taken, after being salted in the churn

and packed directly. Butter so handled

gives no buttermilk taste. But thorough

and careful was'hing Should be done in

order to get all of the buttermilk out be-

fore it is salted.





 





 

 





Look well to the demonstrated ability of the concern that makes

the machine to build a. good separator. Avoid buying a machine

whose makers have had little separator experience, or who are

constantly changing from one makeshift type to another.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Talk with separator users who have learned by experience.



The more you investigate the more you will find that there

is one and only one separator that stands in a. class all by itself.



It. was the pioneer cream separator in 1878 and it has been

first ever since.



You will find that more machines of this make are being sold

than all other makes combined.



You will find that 98% of the world’s creameries use it

exclusively. ’



You will find that every user of this machine is a. booster.





You will find that its makers are so confident of its superiority

that you may have a free trial of it alongside any other machine

and Judge for yourself as to which machine will serve you best.





This machine has over 1,500,000 satisfied users.





It will serve you best, save you most and last the longest.

If you want to be sure of making a. good bargain buy a





De Laval Cream Separator

THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR 00.





NEW YORK CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO‘ SEATTLE





 





 





 

 

 





 





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PERFECT AND PERMANENT.





And the only enclosed track that automatically

adjusts itself to lie close to the building.

LIGHT RUNNING. roller bearing,tandem trolley hangers, operate

inside of an enclosed track. Always runs easily, never binds.

Can’t get oil the track. Can’t be clogged by birds, ice or snow. Can’t be broken by

stock crowding through half open doors. Carries the heaviest doors. Lasts as long as

your building—always on the job. Costs no more than the ordinary makes.

Buy them at your dealer’s or write us for Free descriptive matter.

_ We make the famous LOUDEN Hay Tools, Sanitary Steel Cow Stalls and Sianchiona.

Litter and Feed Carriers—everything for the barn. Free catalog describes them all.

FREE. BARN PLANS SERVICE. lf you are going to build or remodel your barn. write for our free barn

plan service. LOUDEN MACHINERY 00.. 703 West Broadway. FAIRFIELD. IOWA.





 





 





1:353»





pal/at: fl = ‘ m





 





 





 





 





Handsome.illustratcd booklet giving 30

convincing reason. for buying the

powerful, low down, underslung, cut-

under oak frame, Appleton Silo Filler.

mailed free. Write for it to-day.





APPLETON MFG. (20., 420!





 

   

 

 





 





   





 





 





' _«_.,.,.:...; ., .
: Increased .

"M: Gasoline Cost:





II_II___5—IIIIIIIIr-———IIIIImm——





UNITEDTAESTIBES





offset high cost of gasoline





Never before in the history of motoring have

motorists received as much mileage from their

tires as they are getting today from United

States Tires.





The average mileage yielded by these tires has

been raised to a point from 25 to 50 per cent

above that ever reached by any tire maker

previous to the organization of the United

States Tire Company.





   

   

   

   

   

   

 





You men who drive in the country will be actu-

ally able to operate your cars for less money

this year than you have ever been able to do

before—ethis in spite of the continued rise in the

price of gasoline.





 

   

   

 





You will be forced to pay a 50 per cent increase

in the price of your fuel but you can save more

than this on your tire mileage.





 

   

   

 





This is the most important service that has ever

been rendered to motorists by any tire maker.

It will mean a saving of from forty to fifty dol-

lars to every United States Tire user.





 

   

   

 





But, bear this 1n mind—you can’t get this big

rediiction in tire expense-you can’t off- set the

high cost of gasoline Without using United

States Tires.





Cost no more than you are

asked to pay for other kinds





   

   

 





 





UNITED STATES TIRE COMPANY

NEW YORK





' United State: Pneumatic Tires er eMnnleed when filled wilh

air at ihc rcmmmcndcd pressure and clinched lo a rim buying

either one or both of lhe accompanying inlpeclion "amps.

Whe- filled will) any Iubalimle lnr alt or attached to any

othev rim- than than needed . out ‘uaranlee is withdrawn.





 

   

   

 

 





 





 





 





An lmperishable Silo





needs no insurance—because it is permanent. It

cannot burn; will not blow over; lasts a lifetime.





Built of Hollow Vitrified Clay Blocks





The most lasting material known. Blocks are air tight and moisture '

proof. They are glazed and keep silage sweet and palatable. No hoops

to tighten; no staves to paint. Never swells or shrinks. Attractive

in appearance—a silo that will improve the looks of your farm.





Any Mason Can Build an lmperishable Silo

Once up—it will last a lifetime without needing repairs.





I We have a 50 page illustrated book on silos and

' silage. Every stock owner should have it for its

valuable feeding information. It-

contains articles by prominent

writers, including Prof. Hugh



G. Van Pelt. Sent FREE on





\s.





 

   

   

   

   

 

   

 

 





 





 

   

 

 





   

 

 





 





 





_:..E l. HOG CATCHER





Catches an size with one null.

He walks out reely. Free circular.





BAILEY& PHILLIPS, Delavall, Ill.





- '6‘ " 89. 000 offered for certain inven- .

‘ ' (ions. Book "How to Obtain a Patent"

and “What to Invent" sent free. Bend

rough sketch for tree reportas to patent-

ability. Patents advertised for sale at

our expense in Manufacturers' Journals.





 





 





n bi ea

mount & CHANDLER. Patent awn 8%NEEMM 5.3;.“ gz'..,:m::9g;'1.m..

. V W 00800





Eat-hushed tary- Examiner. Free book is t





i U

" 1237 Its Sir—ea: Wuhinnoa D. c. 61. Pa ttemoa Civil 80 00 80h ooi, Rochester. N. Y.





8





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





MAY 3, 1913.





WWIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIWIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIE





IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII





 





A CAMPAIGN AGAINST WARBLES.





 





Inquiries describing the presence of

grubs or larvae in cattle have been more

than ordinarily common in the veteri-

nary department of the Michigan Farmer

during recent weeks. The .presence of

this harmful inSect pest is denoted by

little bunches along the back and sides

of the cattle just under the hide. gener-

ally with a small opening through the

hide through which the larvae can be

seen. It appears that this pest is on the

increase, since its prevalence in Ohio has

caused the Ohio Experiment Station au-

thorities to start a campaign against this

pest.



The efficacy of the remedy which is

always suggested in reply to inquiry with

regard to this pest will be better appre-

ciated when the life hiStory of thelinsect

is understood. The mature insect or fly

deposits its eggs on the hair of the cat-

tle, particularly upon-the legsvjust above

the hoofs. A greater or less number of

these eggs are licked off by the animal

and taken into the alimentary tract from

whence the minute grubs which hatch

from the eggs burrow their way through

animal tissue to a point near the back

and just under the hide where the larvae

stage is completed and the mature insect

ls again produced.



Obviously. if these grubs were all re-

moved from the backs of the infested cat-

tle by slightly enlarging the opening

through the hide with a sharp knife,

squeezing them out and killing them, the

prevalence of this pest would be very

greatly reduced, since the-number of ma-

tured insects would be very much smaller.



This method has been successfully used

by the Irish Department of Agriculture

and has resulted in a very substantial

reduclion in the prevalence 01‘ ox warble

flies in that country. Every farmer who

has noted the presence of this pest shOuld

make a thorough and systematic effort

to exterminate it. The campaign started

in Ohio Should be extended .to adjoining

states in a concerted effort to extermi-

nate the pest, or at least reduce its pre-

valence as soon as practicable.

NATIONAL SOCIETY OF RECORD AS-



SOCIATIONS TAKES iMPORTANT



ACTION.





 





At a meeting of the National Society of

Record Associations, held April 5, 1913,

at the Great Northern Hotel, Chicago,

111., the following business of great in-

terest to breeders generally was tran~

sacted:



First. A reSolution protesting against

the proposal to put meats on the free

list in the forthcoming tariff bill was

drafted, unanimously adopted. and cop-

ies of same were forwarded to President

\Vilson, Secretary of Agriculture Houston

and Congressman OScar \V. Underwood,

of the House of Representatives. Notices

were also sent to live stock breeders

throughout the l'nlted States, and an em-

phatic protest will be lodged against any

Such attempt to injure the live stock

breeding interests of the United States.



The work which the National Society

has been prosecuting to secure a more

suitable adjustment of the shipment of

pure-bred live stock in less than car-

load lots occupied most of the time of

the committee. Traffic experts appeared

and went into the existing railroad re-

quirements relative to such shipments in

detail, as a result of the investigation so

far conducted. It was decided to appeal

to the Uniform ClasSification Committee

of Railroads, representing the roads in

the Official, Southern and \‘Vcstern Class-

ifications, for the following concessions:



First. That the nn‘nimum weight re-

quired by the railroads for the shipment

of animals L. C. L. be left as it is in the

western classification and that the mini-

mum weight in the official and southern

classifications be made uniform with that

of the western classification. Present

minimum weights, and excepttms in the

Official and Southern classified ions. make

L. C. L. shipments cost shippers from

two to three times as much as they

would cost in the “'estern classification.



Second. That the railroads be request-

ed to cease issuing exceptions to the

classification, requiring attendants to be

in’ charge of live stock in shipments L.

C. L. and that no attendant be required





 





on any of the railroads L. C L ship-

:ments.





Live Stock.





flIIllIIIIIII||IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlI|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIflIfi -





IIII-IIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII





Third. That the liability assumed by

common carriers under their present lim-

ited liability live stock contracts, be in-

creaSed In the case of registered animals

shipped L. C. L. to $200 on horses, $150

on cattle, $50 on hogs and $50 on sheep.

with the understanding that shippers

inust present registration papers before

being permitted to ship live stock on this

contract.



Fourth, That where shippers voluntarily

desire to ship their animals at a. higher

valuation than specified in the regular

limited liability livestock contract, that

the increase in rate be made five per

cent per each 100 per cent increase, in

valuation or fraction thereof, instead of

27» per cent increase in rate per each 100

per cent of increase in valuation or frac-

tion thereof.



It * *



The reason for requesting that the pres-

ent liability which'the roads assume in

shipment of live stock be raised is be-

cause of the fact that the existing liar

hility amounts are far below the actual

market value of the animals. Existing

values are the same on the live stock con—

tracts as 20 years ago and in the interval

live stock has doubled in value. Ship-

ments of cattle or horses are rarely, if

ever, made in which the liability would

f:1ll within the present printed liability

for which the roads assume responsibility.



The recent decision of the supreme

court to the effect that the railroads

could not be held liable for an amount in

excess of that stated in the contract has

made this a most extremely important

question and it would appear that the

valuations we ask in the case of ship-

ment of live stock in L. C. L. are ex-

tremely conservative.



In regard to the last request made.

Would say that all the increase in rate

amounts to, in the case of animals that

are valued higher than the amount stat—

cd in the printed live Stock contract, is

insurance. The shippers are sending an

animal that is of unusual value, do not

feel warranted in bearing the risk, and

accordingly desire to ship the animal at:

the actual valuation, and are willing to

pay a fair increase in rate for the sake

of the inSurance which the road affords

them in accepting the animal at the

higher valuation. The experience of doz—

cns of men who have been shipping live

stook for more than 20 years can be ob-

tained on this point. The general con—

sensus of opinion is that the losses or

claims for damage in the shipment of an-

imals L. C. L. does not exceed one in

one thousand. It accordingly appears

that an increase of five per cent in the

rate for each 100 per cent valuation in

rate or fraction thereof is ample rate to

permit the railroads to carry‘this insur-

ance feature in the shipment of such

animals.



The National Society of Record Asso-

ciations furthermore decided, in the

event that the Uniform Classification

Committee could not make reasonable

Concessions on the points requested, to

carry the case to the Interstate Com-

merce Commission, and appointed a com-

mittee with instructions to proceed im-

mediately along this line.



\VAYNE DINSMORE,

Secretary-Treasurer.





 





INDIANA CATTLE FEEDERS’ CON-

VENTION.



The annual spring meclingmf the Indi-

ana Cattle Feeders’ Association has been

crlled to meet in Lafmette Indiana. at

10: 30 a. 111., F1iday,Mav 23,1913. A pro-

gram of special interest to cattle feeders

has been prepared. Prof. W. A. Cochel.

formerly at Purdue, but now at Manhat—

tan, Kansas, will give the principal ad-

dress. The experimental cattle now on

feed at Purdue Experiment Station will

be ready for market .It the time the con-

vention is held. These cattle have been

fed on different rations since last Novem-

ber. A complete record of the rest of

cattle feed consumed cost of gain, val-

ue of cattle, and profit or loss per head

in the different lots, will be presented to

the members of the convention. Every

person interested in cattle feeding is in-

vited to attend. Information can be se-

cured from the secretary, F. G. King, at

Lafayette, Indiana





 





The demand in the Chicago market for

some time past has ran strongly on fat

little heifers, which uSually sell much

more readily than fat steers. Only a few

years ago heifers were strongly discrim-





inated against by the packers and small -

butchers, who refused to buy them ex--





cent at discounts of from $1@1. 50 per 100

lbs. from prices paid for steers. -





 





 





 





 





 





 





\
‘or lower for the time.





MAY 3, 1913.





THE PIG EATING HABIT.





 





Noticing an item in The Farmer last

week where A. V., of Kalamazoo, has a,

sow that has this habit, will give my 'ex-

perience. I have had two different sows

that would do this and one of them would

eat a pig five weeks old: I did eVery-

thing that was suggested by.the Michigan

Farmer and individuals. Everything fail-

ed until we used the knife. I am of the

opinion, from my own experience, that

there is no cure, and if A. V.’s case was

mine that is what she would get.



The sow was a Jersey Red and ate $25,

worth of pig from one litter. She was an

unporfitable servant. The sooner you

kill her the less pigs she will eat.



Saginaw Co. B. V. CHASE.





LIVE STOCK NEWS.





 





 





'I‘he hog market has experienced some

recent bad set—backs, prices in Chicago

breaking in one day as much as 20@25c

per 100 lbs. It may be set down as an

almost invariable rule that when such

sudden big declines take place the cause

will be found in a marked falling off in

the purchases made by representatives of

eastern packing plants, for there is al-

ways a very good understanding among

the Chicago packers, who cease to be

rivals when filling their orders for hogs.

“'hile the trust formed by holding com-

panies has been broken tip, i'iValry be-

tween the former companies can hardly

be said to exist when making purchases

of live st0ck, and all stand firmly to-

gether in forcing down priCes. It is ever

the competition between Chicago packers

and eastern shippers that makes things

lively in the hog trade and sends prices

whirling upward at a pace that delights

owners of hogs. In behalf of the pack-

ers it may be said that hogs have ad-

vanced to leVels that render correspond-

ing advances in provisions a necessity in

order to prevent actual losses, and this

is actually one of the principal reasons

why eastern buyers have been at times

of late much smaller purchasers than

heretofore. The little band of Chicago

speculators who try to turn an honest

penny by buying straight consignments

of hogs and then reassorting them and

selling them by a classification at ad-

vanced values have been hit hard by the

sudden slumps in prices. suffering big

losses. ’J‘heir occupation is mainly a.

gamble, and in order to live, they must

make large profits on advances, or the

breaks would send them out. of business.

it may be said that the recent govern-

ment report on the hog supply of the

country and especially that part of it giv-

ing the supply of breeding sows in hog

growing states has exerted a weakening

iniluence on the hog market, although

time is required to restore the swine pop-

ulation of the t‘nited States up to cor-

responding numbers with the human pop-

ulation. There are more meat-eaters

than ever before. while the hog supply

is much smaller than several years ago.

Furthermore, there has bcen a serious

falling off in the exports of provisions

on accriunt of the unusually high prices

prevailing. However, there is nothing in

the situation ithat need stand in the way

of stockmen making their hogs first-class

before shipping to market.



There have been three years of liqui-

.lation of sheep holdings in the linitetl

States feeding districts, started by the

drought of 1909 and continued through

the two following years, so that today the

sheep supply of this country is seven

millions smaller than in 1909. The world's

sheep supply is gradually falling off, while

the" population and. demand for mutton

and WOol in all civilized countries are

increasing steadily. in this country the

population has increased about an equal

number of millions to the decrease in

sheep holdings. \\'ith all descriptions of

live, stock scarce and dear, both at home

and abroad, there is no danger of any

over—supply of sheep and wool in the

United States for several years at least.



Extremely high prices are paid all the

time for well finished lambs and sheep,

whether the market happens to be higher

It is a period of

greatly inadequate mutton production

throughout most of the country, Colorado

being the principal exception, and meat

eaters are forced to pay high prices for

choice cuts of lamb or mutton. In fact,

prices for beef, mutton and pork have

risen to such extremely high levels that

thousands of families are in great meas-

ure buying eggs as substitutes, the sup-

ply everywhere being liberal, while their

choice quality, as well as cheapness, rec-

ommend them to general favor. Lamb

is now classed among the luxuries. and

no change is expected for months ahead.



Sheep and lambs have continued to sell

at unusually high prices as compared

with most past years, even at times

when the market was breaking, and the

very small proportion of sheep and year-

lings sold extremely Well instead of

showing the former extraordinary dis—

count from lamb prices. Lambs have had

rallies from time to time because of in-

adequate offerings, but as a rule when

they begin to sell for around $9 or more

a reaction takes place,‘ for the dearness

of lamb cuts in the retail markets of the

country tends to lessen consumption,

Supplies have been largely made up of

‘olorado-Mexican lambs of handy weights

and they are great favorites with slaught-

erers. Feeding lambs are lower than

they were recently, floods having checked

shipments to Ohio and Indiana. The

close of last week saw prices largely 50c

higher than a week earlier, with wooled

flo‘cks selling as follows: Lambs, $6.50@

$9; yearlings. $7.25@8.25; wethers, $6.506)

7; ewes. $4.50@6.75; bucks, $5@5,75, Feed“-

er lambs brought $5.85@8, and shorn

lambs were quoted at $6.50@8. ‘





._... .. ”mam—W.





 





THE_MICHIGAN FARMER





‘\_._._.____.._._A.._,___._ we... . , ..- V.-.

.lquIIImmunuiununIIunImIImIIItIiIinmiiniiniiInnmmu-mmmmminn-munan-n-mun-ummumum-uuu-u-mmnmm





TJockson “Olympic"-$1500

Four cylinders, 35 horsepower; unit power plant; long stroke motor,

4% it 4%-inches; 1_15-inch wheelbase; 34 x 4-inch tires. Complete

equipment, including Disco starter. Black and nickel trimmings.

Electric starter and lights. optional $225 extra.





"'Mujeotic", four cylinders, $1975 "Sultonic”. oi: cylindeu. $2650





Jackson comfort more than





 





IIIIIIillHII‘IIIIilIIIIIII





7—543





Horse O’wners





Look to your interests and use

the safest, speediest and most

positive cure for ailments of

your horses, for which an ex-

ternal remedy can be used, viz:





GOMBAULT’S

CAUSTIC BALSAM





Prepared exclusively

by J. E. Gombault, ex—

Veterinarv Surgeon to

ghedFrench Gov ernmeut



u .





 

 





SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY 0R I'IRING.





Impossible to produce any scar or blemish.

The safest; best: Blister ever used. Takes the



lace of all linime ts for mild or severe action.



emoves all Bunc es or Blciiiishes from Horses

or Cattle.



Every bottle of Caustic Balsam sold is

VVarranted to give satisfaction. Price 81.50

per bottle. Sold_by druggists, or sent by ex-

press, charges paid, with ull directions for its

use. Send for descriptive circulars, testimo-

mals,etc. Address





in LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS COMPANY, Cleveland, Ohio





 





 





merely soft cushions





 





Jackson seat cushions are 10 inches



L. thick; they are tilted slightly

toward the rear. The seat backs

reach to your shoulders.





We believe in deep upholstery and

soft cushions; and we put them

in our cars.





But we know—by virtue of eleven

years of experiencchthat these

are not the beginning and the end

of real automobile comfort.





And we have done the best this

long experience has taught us to

put real comfort into Jackson cars.





The secret lies in engineering abil-

ity and engineering design.



Spring suspension, distribution and

'balance of weight,length of wheel.

base, wheel size, all influence the

car’s riding qualities.





IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIilll





Jackson wheelbase: are long; and

the wheel sizes are correctly pro-

portioned.





All that engineering ingenuity can

do to make the car ride easily.

has been done in the Jackson.





Your problem is to chose the most

comfortable’ car.





Write for the Jackson catalog and

dealer’s name.





‘5.

and keeps SHEEP free from fresh attacks.

Used on 250 million sheep annually. Increases

quantity and quality of wool. Improves appear-

ance and condition of flock. lf dealer can’t.

supply you send $1.75 for $2 packet. Shipments

can be made from New York City. Specially

illustrated booklet on "Ticks" sent. free for ask-

ing. a post, card brings it.





   





 

 

   





   

   





kLl. TIOKS





 

 

   

   

   

 





vm. coom & naruéws. cmcno. ins.

Dept. 23 64 W. Illinois 8|.





 

 





 





Then ride in the car and your prob-

lem is solved—for you will find

the Jackson car the most comfort-

able car you ever sat in.‘





Jackson springs are all full elliptic.

they ride 33 to 100 per cent eas-

ier than other types.





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I_mmmInuiuuuiimmillmiInunIimiluIImuIIlllimniimnmmiumm





JACKSON AUTOMOBILE (30.. I460 E. Main St" JACKSON. MICH.





\r—-—~——-—————_____._..—————————__.—_.____

tIIII





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, i





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Elkhart Vehicles and Harness d





have a world-wide reputation for high quality 7

and our prices have made them famous.





FORTY YELARS’





experience selling to the consumer means success.





 

 

 





MINERAL ‘

M'Tv'd- H EAVE\ _

‘ 15.2" REMEPY





   

 

 





will our. any coco or

money rolundod





$1 Package

, cures ordinary cases.

i Postpaid on receipt of price.

Agents Wanted

Write Io! descriptive booklet





 

   

   

   

   

 

 





Mineral “can Remedy 00.. 483 Fourth Ave.. Pittsburgh. Pa.





 





 

 

 

 

   

 





We ship for examination, guaranteeing safe





 





delivery, satisfaction and to save you money.



Catalog shows allstyles of pleasure vehi- -



cles and harness. pony vehicles and har- - ..



peels},1 spring wagons, delivery wagons K /’



an arness. . a 7

May we send you large catalog? V .\\‘



We also make the "Prau’ ’ Automobiles.



Elkliart Carriage & Harness Mfg. Company



Elkhort, Indiana





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





Don't. break your back lifting. Put. you engine to work.

Let it save you time and earn money driving an





Ireland Holst

Saves one man and two horncs. Strong,

henvy,durable, fully guaranteed. We al-

so build Drug Saws, Wood Saws, Shin-

gle Mills, Saw mills. Semi for literature.



Irehnd Machine at Foundry Co.,

33 Btnto BIL, Norwich, N. Y.





 





 





   

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 





igs keep all your farm animals in poor condition and rob yo

granite. Let me show you howtorid all your stockof these pests. I'll





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





8.3.7:".





“(61 p





 





1’"

Save

Your lambs





,. I‘ll stop your usual summer losses from worms.





 

 

 





tion than ever before. I‘ll do it at my tiSk—not

fail. I’ll do It with Sal-Vet.





   

   

 





 





"Sal-Vet" requires uddosing. no (1





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





better—gem faster-ma 9 you more mone . I‘ll

' . right. on your own farm at my risk before ygu pay.





\

\

h v

I-your ’33:“ god-‘1“: .1 II no

1' It 1





I

hon It arrives. I on I p loin:

auto-you won't owe me :ptgnénl‘zygxddfiou





 





 





   





/1 m Worms This Month





0 | “v

= . II 5

Lo :. - = [{1th now is the time the stomach and intestinaTworms begin to get in

, . -.I .I ’ the :- deadlywork amongyour flocks and herds. If neglected they will killoff yourlittlelambsand

‘ u of your whole season‘s stock

do it and PROVE IT or no pay.





 





- Your Pigs





. _ I'll promptly rid your stock of these

b100d'3110kmg. profit-eating. dangerous pests and put your animals in better summer condi- 33:43:33, {n gg‘g'czngtggfifi “‘3”

need not pay me a single cent if I '





The Great The Great Live 3313;. ”it‘ll? No ggfieggglledgor,

an .



Worm Stock i535; nI:evict-(120:3:ii"i;lsi‘i:ilk: 3"th liii)



. - 81' . — .



Destroyer Conditioner Shipments i... 63 daea'pi‘fiai"§3e





. ho



_ renching, no handling. no trouble at all h°"‘° ghe‘fi'“ “”‘e' “~““’ “

Simply place this wonderful medicated salt where all your stock can run to. dim- size pack-tree



itfrecly and THEY WILL DOCTOR THEMSELVES. You " '

will be surprised how the will keep in better condition-thrive





 





Send II_o Money—lust the Coupon

\ , Filmit the coupon at. right—tell nib-3:” mop head ‘9'





m are; use. it 2: .

t . ’ cancel 0 ’0





 

 





 

 

 





 





 





/m

*

I a 3 tot I commenced feed-

Ingnrlr? difnibofSnI-Vet,they began to

gain ash and now Oc£.3rd they are

, in perfect health And fetus they can

be. have used tobacco In large

uanlities and worm pow era of

t rec different kinds and they did



a v e no good. J. A. ALEXANDER



Manila Hill Stock Farm



cw Harmony, Ind.

"Before getting your “Sal-Vet"





I had lost thirteen of in best hogs

but since feeding "Sa -Vet." 1 id





 





(Signed) GEO. MOREN

n 1 Pittsburg Kansas





40”) ,, 2.25:100“) . '

PRICES: 2001§s.$$9; 300113.333





based on 1 lb. of Sal-lhlet {or each

sheep lb





0 can come without breaking reg-





 





 





o



0 snouzv a. run. Pros.



,I THE 5.8. l-‘EIL comm!



’0 Dom. MF5 snaclovolond. 0.

Ship me enough Sol-Yet to lost my stock 60



O .333}: "glgzhltgellflai'd‘atyghm glfifigd‘g;





for it If I does what you claim. If it does not.

you no to concel the chme





prove it.





 





 





 





 





1- if it I "f ‘. amen

. , . . SIDNEY R. FEIL. Fun. 0

it 4;”. I'll! s. a. ran. co.. m. Chem. .o’Shf' 9;, q," M

tux-o- Boot-MP v. Cleveland 0. I M” y‘ .

No. of Sheep ...... . Hoga.--.-..0attl¢ ...... Horses-ms
544—8 ’





The Michigan 'Farmer

Wind 1843.

The Lawrence Publishing Co.





Editors and Proprietors.

I: St. West. Detroit Michigan.

39 to 45 Co anlrnomc MAIN 4625. '

New Your: OFFICE—41 Park Row.

0 OrrICE—OOO First Nat'l. Bank Buildin .

85%;:st Ornam—lOll-lOlb Oregon Ave.. N. E.





. . LAWRENCE............................President

Eng i LAWRENCE....................Vice-President.





E.'H.' Houen'ron..........................Seo..'rreu.





 





 





I. R. WATERBURY



0. E. Y()UNG....-... Associate

BURT WERMUTH.. . Editors.

ALTA LAWSON LITTELL................ .





 





E. H. HOUGHTON.... .... ......aniness Manager





TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:





One year, 52 issues.... ....50 cents

Two years, 104 issues.... . .. .. .......l.00

Three years 156 issues.. . .................. 1.25

Five years, $0 issues .............. '. .................. 2.00

All sent postpaid.



Canadian subscriptions 500 a year extra for postage.



Always send money by draft. poatomce money order.

registered letter Or by express. We will not be! re-

sponsible for mone sent in letters. Address all com-

munications to, an make all drafts checks and post-

oflioe orders payable to. the Lawrence Publishing Co.





RATES OF ADVERTISING:

40 cents or line agate measurement, or 05.60 per

inch. eachpinselrtion. No adv't inserted for less than





31.3) or insertion. .

037' o lotter , quack doctor or swindling advertise-





ments inserte at any price.

Entered as second class matter at the Detroit. Mich-





igan, postomce.

COPYRIGHT iela





by the Lawrence Pub. Co. All persons are warned

against reprinting any portion of the. contents of

this issue without our written permission.





 





 





 





WE GUARANTEE to stop. THE MICHIGAN

FARMER immediatly upon expiration of time sub-

scribed for. and we WI“ pay all expenses for defending

any suit. brought against any subscriber to The Mich-

i an Farmer by the publisher of any farm paper,

wgh ich has been sent after the time ordered has expired.

prov idin due notice is sent to us, before suit is started.

Avoid gurther trouble by refusing to subscribe for

an farm paper which does not print, in each issue a

do nite uarantee to stop on expiration of subscri -

tion. T e Lawrence Publishing 00.. Detroit, Mic





DETROIT, MAY 3, 1913.





 





 





CURRENT COMMENT.





.—.__





Arbor Day has for

Arbor and Bird Day. many years been a



fixed institution in

Michigan, it having become the custom

for the chief executive of the state to is-

sue a proclamation setting aside one day

for the planting of trees and for the

suitable observance of the event in the

schools of the state. Governor Ferris has

sought to broaden the educational value

of Arbor Day as an institution ill the

state by designating May 9 as Arbor and

Bird Day in the following proclamation:



The tremendous commercial value of

forests is fast coming to be appreciated.

Effort is being made throughout the Uni-

ted States to conserve what remains and

so far as possible, rcforest large tracts

of territory. Trees have a value other

than commercial. They are friends to

man and beast. “'ithout friends man is

a forlorn creature. Every choice tree that

is planted not only blesses this genera-

tion, but graciously blesses coming gen-

erations. . _



Birds. too, have an economic value in

the distribution of plant life and ill the

destruction of harmful insects. They also

have ll higher value. Literature abounds

in allusions to birds, their nests: songs.

food, flight. migrations. plumage and hab-

its. On account of their beauty count-

less numbers of our winged friends have

been killed to meet the ruthless demands

of faShion. May the fathers and moth-

ers and their children of today use their

best efforts to preserve and perpetuate

the lives of our useful and be'iutiful

birds. Love for birds is akin to love for

man.



Thcfore, I, V‘Voodbridge N. Ferris, Gov-

ernor of the State of Michigan, do hereby

designate Friday, May 9, A. D. 1913. as

Arbor and Bird Day. :llld do request that

this day be observed by all schools. pub-

lic and private, and other educational in-

stitutions by the planting of trees for

beautifying school grounds and parks, and

by conducting suitable exercises for pro-

moting the spirit of protection to trees

and birds.



In this matter, in which Governor Fer-

ris has taken the initiative, the co-opera-

tion of the people of the state. and par-

ticularly the country people, should be

forthcoming. The economic value of birds

to agriculture is becoming better under‘

stood each year and more and more

species‘are included among those of eco-

nomic value as their habits become bet-

ter known. There is a strong sentiment

for the more adequate Protection of even

game birds throughout the rural sections

of Michigan. It is well that an appecia-

tion of the economic as well as the senti-

mental value of birds should be called to

the attention of all the people. and par-

ticularly the school children of the state.



An illustration of what a public spirit-

ed citizen can do toward educating the

public in this direction has recently been

afforded by Mr. Henry Ford, of Detroit,

who has imported over 500 specimens of

English song birds of economic as» Well

as sentimental value and liberated them

upon his Wayne county farm, with a view

of establishing them here under natural

conditions. Vile cannot know too much

about our bird friends, and if we will just





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





take a little time to think about it we

will .be surprised how few of them we

really know when we see them. Let us

welcome the addition of Bird Day to the

Arbor Day program and do our part to-

ward making it a permanent institution

in Michigan.





Comment was made

One Week Farmers’ in these columns

Schools. during the winter

with regard to the

popularity and success of the One Week

Farmers’ Schools which were held in con-

nection with some eighteen of the high

schools in the state in which a, course in

agriculture is given. Recent information

from Ohio shows that similar week

schools were held in nearly fifty counties

in Ohio last winter and that they were

well attended and ‘proved very beneficial.

These schools were not intended to take

the place of Farmers’ Institutes, but rath-

er to add weight to the good work that

is done in the institute.



Lasting from Monday until Friday,

these Schools give opportunity for a. more

complete discussion of principles of bet-

ter farming than can be had in the one

or two—day meetings. It is announced

that provision was made by-the Ohio

Legislature for the holding of more week

schools of this kind in that state during

the coming winter. Undoubtedly this

work will also be extended to Michigan,

at least as rapidly as the number of high

schools having courses in agriculture are

increased, but it is probable that these

week schools will also be inaugurated in

other places should a general interest in

them become apparent.





In recent issues of the

Corn Contests Michigan Farmer notices

Popular. of a number of corn con-

tests being conducted in

different parts of the state have been

published. In addition to those being

conducted by regularly organized Boys’

Corn Clubs, by lermei‘s‘ Clubs and

Granger, some of the county institute so-

cieties are promoting corn contests at the

present time. In all of these liberal

prizes are offered to the boys who grow

and exhibit the best sample of corn.





The educational value of this work is

far reaching and cannot be measured by

results seen at these corn shOWS alone.

The farm boy who is interested on his

own account in a contest of this kind

is bound to gain much in information

and inspiration with regard to the possi—

bilities which agriculture affords to him.

not only from a material standpoint but

as well from the standpoint of an inter-

esting voéation. The success of the boys’

and girls’ clubs in the south is notorious

and the future effect of this movement

upon agriculture in that section of the

country is bound to be great.



The popularity which this form of con-

test is attaining in Michigan speaks well

for the future of our Michigan agricul-

ture. So many people are taking the in-

itiative in this work in different commu-

nities of the state that the general or-

ganization of .the state along this line

will be compaartively easy. Such an or-

ganization is planned to be directed by

the Department of Agricultural Education

at M. A. C. in co—operation with the

county Commissioners of Schools through-

out the state.



However, every community which on its

own account promotes contests of this

kind which will stimulate the interest of

the boys and girls of that community in

agriculture for its own sake is taking a.

step in the right' direction toward con-

serving the future of Michigan’s great

and varied agricultural industry.





As noted in last week’s

The Work of the issue, the Legislature

Legislature. completed its active

work on. April 26, the

final adjournment occuring one week

later to permit time for the enrollment

of bills passed during the last days of

the session and their presentation to the

Governor. Notwithstanding this compar-

atively early adjournment of the Legis-

lature, very much important legislation

has been enacted by this body. more

than 200 bills of general lr‘nportanoe to the

people of the state having been enacted

into law. It is impossible to review these

in detail in the space at command in this

issue. We must be content to touch up-

on a few of the most importance to coun-

try people, leaving the others for special

comment in their proper classification

during the 90—day interval which will

elapse before they go into effect. The

following are among the bills which will

be of most immediate interest to our

readers: .

Requiring produce‘ commission .mer-





chants to secure a‘stateiicense to 'do bus;

iness and providing for the cancellation

of licenses upon proof that they are not

doing business on the square.



Making it unlawful to feed to animals

or fowls flesh of any animal that has died





of old age or sickness, or to feed dis-'





eased offal. .



Providing that no calf under four weeks

old can be Sold for human consumption.



Requiring shipments of table grapes to

be securely packed in eight-pound bas-

kets with the name of. the grower and

shipper marked thereon, so that decep-

tion in packing can be traced to its

proper source.



Forbidding the OWners of merchandise.

securities, service or other commodities

offering to sell the same by advertise-

ments which they know to be untrue.

deceptive or misleading, under pain of

fine 0r imprisonment.



Providing for uniform prices for school

books in all districts. Book publishers

must file with the Superintendent of

Public InStruction copies of all text books

they intend to offer for sale in Michigan,

together with the wholesale price for

each book. In selling to dealers or to

districts that have free text book laws

they must not charge more than the list

price at which the books are sold in oth-

er stateS.



Requiring candidates for certificates to

teach in, district schools to take an ex-

amination in agriculture as well as other

subjects before the county board .of

school examiners.



Requiring that in every public school

of the state not less than one—half hour

of each week shall be devoted to teaching

the pupils kindness and humane treat-

ment toward animals and birds, and the

important part they fill in the economy

of nature. _



Permitting boards of education to pay

the transportation of pupils of the eighth

and lower grades to near-by schools.

Heretofore they have had this power to

send pupils to high schools only.





Requiring railroads to transport live

stock in car loads at an average speed

of not less than ten miles per hour.





Giving the Railroad Commission greater

power for the regulation of telephone ser-

vice and rates, permitting no company to

raise rates without showing to the Com-

mission that a raise is necessary to pro-

duce a reasonable profit. Also requiring

promoters of new companies to Show that

same would be a public convenience be-





fore they are given 'the authority to build.





To apply Interstate Commerce Com-

mission requirements to state shipments

and making the initial common carrier

responsible for loss or damage to goods.



Revising the geneml primary act, abol-

ishing the enrollment and the 15 percent

requirement and making primary and

registration day the same.



Providing for the election of national

committeemen and state committeemen

of political parties at primaries.



Providing methods by which public

officers may be recalled in accordance

with the constitutional amendment adopt-

ed at the spring election.



To allow the formation of county agri-

cultural departments and the employment

of agricultural experts upon vote of a

majority of the electors of the county.



Permitting boards 0f supervisors or the

boards of several counties acting jointly

to levy a special annual tax of not to ex-

ceed $2,000 to advertise the agricultural

advantages of the county, encourage im-

migration. etc.



Allowing townships upon referendum to

return to the pathmaster system of car-

ing for highways



Providing for the organization of co-

operative business organizations. on the

plan recently describe-d in these columns.



Authorizing a trunk line system of 4.000

miles of state roads with an initial ap-

propriation of $500,000.



Amending the good roads law providing

for flexible standards of width and cor-

responding graduation of state rewards.





Many other acts of general importance

and interest were passed which will be

briefly reviewed in general classifications

in future issues, as above noted.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





National.





Fruit growers of Oceana county have

completed the organization of a co-opera-

tive buying and selling association.



Missouri is having trouble with fire in-

surance companies doing business in that

state. Recent legislative enactments have

placed such obligations on insurance con-

cerns that 182 companies have given no-

tice that they will refuse to continue do-

ing business within the commonwealth.

Now the state supreme court has issued

a temporary injunction restraining the

company from terminating the contracts

now in hires and the companies have

been asked to come into court and ex-

plain why .the injunction should not be

made permanent.



Final reports from the mine disaster

near Finleyville, Pa... where a disastrous

explosion occurred last Wednesday, was

completed Monday morning and the fact

is established that 97 persons were killed

in the disaster.



The public schools of Pittsburgh are in

chaos due to the strike of the children.

who are protesting against the retention

of S. L. Hester as superintendent of the

city schools. 'Recently a serious charge

was-made against the superintendent and

now, because of this, 40,000 pupils are re-

maining away from school and declare

they will continue to do so until the sup-

erintendent has been retired. The mem-

bers of the. board of public instruction

are defiant in their attitude toward the

public. declaring they will retain Heeter

regardless of the public clamor.



An appeal is being made by the Na-

tional Federation of Musical Clubs, in





\





MAY 3, 191g. .





convention at I Chicago. for -the general _





teaching of music in public schools. They

believe this will have a. refining-“influence

on the. moral tone of the rising genera.-

tion and serve to eliminate much of the

ragtime music that is now so popular.



A mistake that may have proved fatal

to a. number of congressmen and senators

occurred at Judith Sound, 90 miles south

of Washington, last Friday, when the ofli-

cials stationed on the U. S. yacht Dolphin

were fired upon by gunners on the Moni-

tor Tallahassee, whose crew mistook the

yacht ‘for their target. A 12-inch shell

passed over the stern of the yacht and

cut one of the ropes of her rigging.





James Bryce, the retiring British am-

bassador to the United States, bid his

American friends good-bye in New York

last Friday night. Ambassador Bryce has

done. much to cement the friendship of

England and the United States and is

greatly loved by the American people.



Secretary Garrison is adviSing arrange-

ments for more efficient training of the

army in times of peace. He favors the

concentration of troops at a few big posts

in order to give them instructions in

larger tacticial measures and thereby to

increase their efficiency.



During the firSt 27 days of April eig‘ht

lives were lost in Detroit alone through

automobile and motor cycle accidents.



Of the,219 candidates for entrance to

the Naval Academy at Annapolis. only 46

are reported to have passed the entrance

examinations. This is the smallest per-

centage to qualify in the history of the

institution since the entrance examina-

tions became obligatory.



Reports from New York state that Dr.

Friedmann, the German investigator who

has received much attention here because

of his claim to having discovered a cure

for tuberculosis, has sold the rights to





private, parties who. with himself, will'





provide for the establishment of several

sanitoriums throughout the country.



The Fourth American Peace Conference

begins at St. Louis on Thursday of this

week.



Secretary of State Bryan has gone to

California to present to the Legislature

of that state the attitude of the federal

government with regard to the alien.

land laws now being considered by the

western commonwealth, the subject mat-

ter of which the federal official believes

will conflict with the treaties between the

United States and Japan.



Another break occurred in the levees

of the Mississippi river at a point 12

miles north of Ferriduy, La. The water

pouring through the ruptured bunk cov-

ered about 900 square miles of valuable

farming land. Approximately 20,000 peo-

ple Were driven from their homes.



Foreign.





An earthquake shock was felt in east—

ern Ontario. at Montreal and in northern

New York last Monday night. Although

buildings were swayed and windows brok-

en in many instances, there is no report

of loss of life as a. result of the dis-

turblince.



Federal troops that were recently or-

dered to proceed to the state of Chihua-

hua, Mexico, to enter an active cam-

paign against the insurgents there have

mutinied and are reported as having

taken their commander. General Salzar,

prisoner. Traffic through the territory

has been discontinued by the railroad

companies for the time being.



A crisis is threatening in China as a

result of the assassination recently of

General Sung. The government, of the

Province of Kiang-Su has addressed to

the government at Pekin corerspondence

which seeks to show that the assassina-

tion was sanctioned by President Yuan

Shi Kai. The correspondence also alleges

that former provincial president Sung Yat

Sen had a plan matured for making Gen-

eral Sung president of the republic.





In spite of the attempted coercion of

Montenegro by the great powers of Eu?

rope, the little country has finally suc-

ceeded in capturing Scutari, an impreg-

nable fortress belonging to the Turks. The

occupation of this point by the Monte-

negrins is disadvantageous to Austria and

now,the ambassadorial conference has

the delicate question before them of de-

ciding whether the European powers

shall coerce Montenegro into giving up

her prize or whether Austria shall be

left to act alone in compelling the evac—

uation of the fortress The question re.

quires to be decided during the current

week.



A riot took place in Lisbon, Portugal.

Sunday night. Several outbreaks were

simultaneously precipitated in different

parts of the city, but t‘he disturbance

having been anticipated, and the govern-

ment was prepared‘ to thwart the at-

tempt.



It seems from reports received here

that the Chinese parliament is hopelessly

divided upon the question of making a.

$125,000,000 loan according to the five-

power plan. The body at present is in

a complete deadlock over the question.





THE WEXFORD BOVS’ CORN CON-

TEST.





T-he Wexford Boys’ Agricultural Club

has issued an announcement for the corn

contest in 1913 to be conducted by that

organization. Over $200 in cash prizes

Will be given, aside from a number of

special prizes which have been offered by

public spirited citizens. The contest is

open to any farmer boy not more than

18 years old. who must under the rules,

plant an acre of corn. care for and har-

vest it himself and make his own selec-

tion of exhibit ears. He is not permitted

to have any-help except in-plowing and

must carefully follow all instructions and





keep an‘accurate account of items of ex-' ‘





pense., observations on experiments in

connection with his work, etc. He is also

required to prepare a written account of

his crop and make an exhibit at-the an.

nual corn show. ~
.-__\ ,_,M, .





 





 





 





 





 





LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?

INFORMATION





 





 





 





 





,1}? ‘1',

to},





 

 





 





   

   

 

 





 

 





NAZI;





1843





 





 





‘Ihe FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





 





 





This Magazine Section forms apart of our paper twice a month.





Every article is written espec1ally font and does not appear elsewhere





 





The Domestic Affairs of King Bubo.





the dtsttht about HCed' s wood This



magnificent growth of beech and

maple timber, known as the .“sugar

bush,” Was situated about a mile, as the

crow flies, from the village of Millvale,

and was one of many such forests which

went far to enhance the value and beauty

of the outlying farmland. The. winter

had been open, with little snow. and the

feathered inhabitants of the Woods, the

ones that remained throughout the year,

had decided that spring was coming ear—

lier than usual. There were times, 110w—

ever, when she seemed to tarry on her

journey, but the last day of .lanuary the

weather was so warm that the snow had

all thawed from the fields. Indeed. it was

so mild that a painter in the village took

advantag of the weather to prime over

the woodwork on a little brick church

then in the course of crmstruction, a.

most unheard-of thing for the time of

year. Towards noon, being an observing

person, he glanced bcyond the cornice he

was painting and saw a lied—shouldered

hawk sailing leisurely northward in the

blue, probably bound for some distant

woodland.



Old BttbO, the Great llorned owl. who

was king of the forest. usually began his

home-making about the middle of Feb-

ruary. lie had long held the scepter in

the “sugar bush,” and anyone living

within the distance of a mile from the

royal forest might have heard a com—

manding “\Vlto. who-o who—o wlin—o-o"

come through the frosty air as Bubo did

sentinel duty all through the long winter

nights. To the smaller feathet ed people

of the foreSt his notes came as the voice

of a terrible giant seeking their lives,

and they stirred uneasily on their percltes

and cheeped and trembled with fear.



The very evening of the day the paint-

er saw the lied-shoulder, littbo and his

mate chose for their domicile a nest in

a large sugar maple that had been the.

home of a pair of hawks the year before.

The following week Mrs, Bubo warmed

up the nest for the reception of the eggs

which, two in number, were almost the

size and color of heus’ eggs. They took

turns 011 the nest, relievingc each other at

regular intervals, and when Bubo was off

duty his hooted challenge fairly made

the woods ring. But things did not go so

smoothly for long. The weather, which

up to this time had been very mild, be-

came suddenly cold. Northwest winds

that cut one’s face like a knife and al-

most took the breath away, blew steadily

for about two weeks, while the thermom-

eter registered around zero most of the

time. The owls hugged the nest des-

perately, flattening themSelves so as to

be exposed as little as possible to the

biting wind, and only a pair of “horns”

could be seen above the edge of the nest.

Then came milder days, when the chick-

adees and nuthatches made cheerful mu—

sic as they searched for insects,‘and the

owls could relax a little from their vigil.

But this did nOt last long. The sky soon

became overcast, the temperature rose

for a time, and it began to rain. It had





SPRING promised an carlv .-1r1iv.1l to





'not rained long, however, before the wind





veered to the north and the rain changed

to large, moist flakes of snow. These

pelted steadily down for several hours,

covering everything with a blanket of

white. Then, the weather growing cold-

er, the snow began to freeze on to every-

thing it touched. Bubo sat stolidly

through it all, and when the storm abat—

ed large pieces of frozen snow stuck to

his feathers. “'ho could but admire the

COurage of these brave birds, who expose

themselves almost unprotected to the rig-

ors of the cold northern winter, at which

time nature has decreed they shall begin

their nests?





But better times were coming. Old Sol





was climbing higher each day, and the





An Instructive Tale of the Great Horned Owl.

By L. CLAIRE HULBERT





light snows from the hillsides and unex-

pected places were quickly melted by his

genial smile, raising high the hopes of

the. forest people. and especially of Bubo

and his mate. A few days later, along

about the first of March, the eggs hatch—

ed. and then there was much hooting and

hunting 011 the part of the parents to

supply fresh meat for the homely, fuzzy

owlets. The baby owls were awkward

and ungainly, with large heads and feet,

and were covered with white down.

Later this became thick and warm and

took on buff-colored bars which made

them appear somewhat like Barred Rock

fowls. One evening shortly after dusk,

when'the sharp crescent of the new moon

could be seen low in the west, Bubo-

sailed noiselessly through the woods and

alighted on a tall stub at the edge of a

brushy clearing. A short distance away

Sat 3. cotton-tail rabbit, leisurely strip—

ping some tender bark from a small pop-

lar, when the forest was startled by a.

loud “VVho—o who-o who-o-o" which

seemed to come from every direction at

once. Bunny gave one nervous jump,

and then “froze" in his tracks. Bubo

was too quick for even the faintest sound

or motion to escape him and the next

inStant his strong, sharp claws pierced

the back of the hapless rabbit. Bunny

gave one agonized squeal, and as he was

borne swiftly away the cruel talons sank

deeper into his body, causing him to

cease his struggles long before the nest

in the maple was reached. The baby owls

were coaxed to eat small pieces of the

rabbit’s flesh at first, but soon they ac-

quired sucn healthy appetites that they





would eat a_mouse or a sparrow whole,

afterward casting 11p the indigestible

parts, as is the habit of these birds.



The smaller inhabitants had just cause

to fear old Bubo who levied such a toll

on their numbers to supply his family

with fresh meat. Before the young owls

had .devoured all of one offering another

was brought, until the nest showed the

remains of two rabbits, a crow and a

partridge, several sparrows and smaller

birds, besides a dozen or so mice, some

of which had fallen over the edge and

lay about on the ground at the roots of

the tree. The crowns were lottder in their

resentment than any other birds of the

forest, and whenever one of them spied

old l-iubo in one of their last year’s nests.

in which he usually spcnt the daylight

hours, he immediately set up such a

vociferous cawing that soon all the crows

of the neighborhood were congregated at

the spot. Lining the treetops at a re-

spectful distance. they would bcrate him

with the choicest invcctive in crow lan-

guage. All this uproar, howcvcr, only

caused Bubo to open his half—closed eyes

and look about. as be well knew that not

one craven crow in the lot dared come

near him.



One line sunshiny morning a pair of fat

red Squirrels that sat facing each other

on the ventilator shaft of the sugar

shanty, were startled by the rattle of

wheels and the sound of approaching

Voices. There had been a light freeze

during the night and the sun coming out

warm and bright made ideal sugar weath-

er, so the owner of the sugar bush had

decided to begin tapping. Accompanied





Iiiil3Hill!|llHilllllllllllllillllliiilllIlliiliilllliiliiilliiIii!lHil|liilIHillilliiilliliiiilillilillHilIiiiilililIHHIIIHHHHIHHIIliliiliiiiili‘i Hillhl‘Illi‘l'lilltltlllil‘llll Il‘.H1':‘i1lil1‘1':il|illltl ltl‘ ““‘ottilltllilllitlillilllltl

OVENBIRD-A FAMILIAR WARBLER SOMETIMES CALLED “NIGHTINGALE.”





 





 





 





 





 





 





The Ovenbird, or Teacher—sometimes also called Golden-crowned Thrush——is

among the largest warblets found in Michigan. It is frequently mistaken for a.

thrush, this being due. in the opinion of the state’s most careful bird student Prof.

Barrows to its heavily spotted and streaked breast and sides, its golden- brown





stripe through the middle of the crown, and to its terrestrial habits.





The name





Ovenbird is said to be derived from the dome— shaped neSt which it builds late





~in May or early in Tune, the sttucture being Sunken in the ground and carefully





roofed over with leaves and grasses, in the mannex of an old- fashioned oven.





The nest is so cleverly concealed that it is seldom disturbed.





Its ringing song of





“teacher, teacher teacher” has been well described by Burroughs, but aside from

this it has a delightful carol which is frequently heard when the bird is descend—

mg rapidly from a considerable height, and a still more beautiful song which it

sometimes utters at nightfall while coutsing 1apidly through the trees of" the





forest.





The remarkable sweetness and p0we1 of this iast mentioned song are be-





lieved to be responsible for the bird being called “nightingale” in some sections.





by his son he soon appeuel in the edge

of the woods and drove up to the shanty.

Opening the door which had been closed

for a year. and scaring the red squirrels

so that they disappeared within the roof

with a chatter, they secured the neces-

saty materials and were soon at work

tapping the maples. Bubo watched them

carefully as they came towards his home,

bttt decided to quietly await dun-lop-

ments. Soon a jar was felt in tho nest

as they tappcd the tree and hung; on a

bucket, but Bubo stayed on the nest and

soon the tuppcrs passed on, so intent at

thcit' work that they did not see the home

above their heads.



.\s days passed the weather became.

warmcr, lcavcs appeared on the elms and

maples, and the bluebirds, song sparrows

and larks sang cheerily from every bush

and fence post. The young owls had be-

come nearly as large as their parents,

and littbo Iit't‘llit‘li that they could lcaVe

the 111st in a few days, which they no

doubt would be glad to do. But



“The best laid plans ’0 mice (111’ men



Gang oft a-gley,"

and they left sooner and in a different

manncr than their parents had planned.



A mcmbcr of the Audubon Society of

the distant nictropolis had come to the

village to study the habits and sci-tire

photographs of the bird life of the region.

He was passing the “sugar bush" one

day when the loud cawing of several

crows attracted his attention. tin cntcr—

ing the woods he found, as he had sur-

mised, that Hub.) was the cause 1‘ the

uproar. and, looking about, soon discov-

ered the nest. The young owls were so

large now that they could be plainly seen

from the ground. having badly outgrown

their nest. After securing his camera

and LL hclpcr, the bird man climbed to

the nest, where he was greatly amused

at the reception given him by the young-

sters. Thcy rcsentcd the intrusion by

opening wide their mouths and hissing,

then bringing their bills together with a.

snap that was very funny. They were

quite droll and always faced the camera,

thus making yet" good subjects. but they

pchisted in backing away, and chcral

times nearly fell over the edgw of the

nest. Just as the bird man had finished

taking their picture the largest of thcm

did fall chr the edge and dropped nearly

to the ground. where he clutched a limb

and hung, head downward, until l‘>€ sc‘titti

by the helper. Then as the bird man \1 as

removing his apparatus the other owl,

evidently not wishing to remain alone,

backed right off the nest and fell to the

ground, where he was rescued and placed

with the other owl upon a large stump.

On reaching the ground the bird man

laughed heartily at the half-sleepy, half-

defiant look on the countenances of the-

young owls and decided to take another

picture of them Where they sat upon the

stump. llaving secured this, the dis-

turbers started for home. leaving the fun-

ny baby owls staring sulkily at their

Strange surroundings.



At first Bubo and his mate booted their

disapproval of such proceedings from the

nearby trccmps and snapped their bills

so vigorously that they could be heard a.

dozen rods; but after a while, seeing that

they could not frighten these strange in-

truders away, they had flown to another

part of the woods where soon a great

uproar proclaimed the fact that they had

been discovered by their enemies the

crows. Returning at dusk Bubo found

his babies sitting on the stump and con-

cluded that the bird man had meant no

harm; however, he did not like to have

his family affairs meddled with, so that

night he coaxed the young owls to fly, by

easy stages, to a swamp in a. distant

part of the wood, and the place in which

their first days were spent knew them no

more.
l

1

e

i. _





546—10'





THE MICHIGAN“ ‘FA‘iRMER'





MAY 3, 1913. '





 





TH E BOY’S PROTEST.





When a fellow knows every bird's nest

In the. fields fer miles around,

Where the squirrels play in the sunshine,

Where the prettiest flowers are found;

Where he knows a pair of roblns

That willfly to his hand for crumbs,

He hates to be penned in a schoolroom, .

And he’s glad_when Saturday comes.

There’s a bee-tree on the hillside,

But I’ll not tell anyone where;

There’s a school of trout in the mill-

stream,

And I want to go fishing there.

l know where an oriole's building,

And a log where a partridge drums,

And I’m going to the woods to see them,

As soon as Saturday cames.

They shouldn’t keep school in the spring-

time,

When the world ls so fresh and bright,

When you want to be fishing and climb-

mg.

And playing from morn tlll night.

It's a shame to be kept In a schoolroom,

Writing and working out sums;

All week it’s like being in prison,

And I’m glad when Saturday comes.





WHEN JENNIE SPENT THE SUMMER

’ WITH us.





BY ORIN E. (‘ROOKEIL





TVitli tail tipped up at a. ridiculous

angle and throat bursting from the flood

of song that poured forth, Jennie hailed

a cheerful welcome from the top of the

back fence that made me pause in my

work of planting the family garden. Jen-

nie had just arrived‘ from the south where

she—or was it he?—liad spent the winter.

Apparently the new arrival came alone,

but whether it was Mr. “'ren or Mrs.

\Vren who first appeared upon the scene

I have never been quite sure.



It rquired no further urging to remind

me of the gourd that I had carefully put

away in the barn the autumn before for

Jennie's particular use. A few moments

later I had brought it forth and fastened

it in a convenient tree, where it looked

so inviting that I felt certain I need not

resort to the classmed advertising col-

umns to secure a tenant.



Before night Jennie diseovered the

empty domicile. “'itli many bursts of

song and impetuous quirkings of her tail

she darted repeatedly in and out of the

entrance, evidently entranced with the

little bungalow she had found for rent

on Cherry Tree Heights. But one lone

wren in a gourd, situated even so de~

liglitfully as this, seemed altogether too

lonesome a proposition. and Jennie began

making little trips of inspection through-

out the neighborhood in search of Mr.

“'i‘en or Mrs. \Vren—as the case may

have been—to share Love's sweet para-

dise.



In a day or two a mate was found and

the task of furnishing the little home was

begun. Innumerable small sticks and

twigs were carried in—so many in fact.

that a number of them remained project-

ing out the door. But even with a part

of the furniture left standing on the

front steps, housekeeping operations with-

in were begun in earnest.



About this time Jennie discovered a

pair of English sparrows to have taken

possession of an abandoned woodpecker's

hole in a neighboring tree. Evidently

these new-comers were considered quite

undesirable as neighbors, and a deter-

mined efl'ort was made. to induce them to

cancel their lease. The method adopted

to bring this to pass might well be cop-

ied in many of the affairs that annoyand

perplex grown-up humans. There were

no brick-bats or harsh words iluiig over

the back fence. No warrants were served

by bird policemen. No eviction proceed-

ings were begun before Magistrate Owl.

Instead of resorting to such violent means

Mr. and Mrs. \Vren simply took up posi-

tions before the front door of the neigh—

boring habitation and deliberately sang

Mr. and Mrs. Sparrow out of house and

home!



In this little episode the power of song

was amply illustrated. At first the spar-

rows tried to chase their annoyers away.

but this was soon found to be ineffectual.

The larger birds speedily put the trim

little wrens to flight, ‘but as soon as the

sparrows returned to their nest Mr. and

Mrs. \i'ren returned to their serenade.

With tireless zeal Jennie and her mate

delivered themselves of a burst of song

about every fifteen seconds, which, after

a time. must have become about as tire-

some to Mr. and Mrs. Sparrow as the

continuous operation of an organ grinder

before one's own door.



l Not being able to keep their serenaders

at any effective distance Mr. and Mrs.

Sparrow determined to go about their

business of setting up housekeeping as

though there wasn't a wren in the neigh-

borhood. For a time they worked in-

dustriously, carrying straws and feathers

into the woodpeckers hole. But the ev-





 





erlasting serenade was beginning to get

upon their nerves and at length they

ceased operations and sat about on the

limbs of the tree, as dejected looking a

pair of English sparrOWS as one ever saw.

Two days more of constant serenading

and the sparrows took their departure

for other parts. Song had triumphed.

The neighborhood was spared these un-

desirable citizens.



As soon as this victory for the commu-

nity had been effected Jennie and her

spouse went back to their own house-

keeping affairs. The days lengthened out

and summer came. Increased activity on

the part of both birds indicated plainly

the care of a growing family. Had one

any doubt as to the efficiency of birds as

insect destroyers one had only to keep

count of the bugs and flies of various

kinds that found their way—undoubtedly

much againSt their will—into the gourd

in the cherry tree.



In time the untiring, zeal of Mr. and

Mrs. Wren began to show results and

little heads that seemed to be all open

mouths ventured to peek out the door

at the great, wonderful world. Then there

came, a day when Jennie and her spouse

refused further to feed the full-grown

babies in the gourd. All daylong the

parent birds flitted about a neighboring

pear tree singing quite as busily as they

did when they put the sparrows to rout.

And all day long little wrens crowded to

the door of the bungalow and poked

their heads out the entrance, begging for

a bug or two to appease their gnawing

appetite. But Mr. and Mrs. Wren were

obdurate. Not another bug or fly would

they catch for anyone but themselves.

Their sons and daughters must make a

start for themselves in the world. So





they sang and sang from the nearby tree‘-





and let the pangs of hunger induce the

members of their family to venture forth

into the world.



It was six o’clock'next morning that

the GXOdUS began. The eager. struggling

youngsters finally pushed the one of their

number nearest the door out ‘lnto the

world. A few strokes of his untried

wings and he had scrambled up the side

of the gourd and perched himself on the

top. A moment more he was climbing

up the trunk of the tree—using both wings

and feet in his undignifled effort to get

a start in life. Almost sooner than it

takes to tell. he had found his footing on

a twig. and next was flitting from limb

to limb, his little bill snapping viciously

at such files as he found in his path. The

eldest son of Mr. and Mrs. “‘ren was al-

ready making his way‘in the world.



By seven o'clock the bungalow on Cher-

ry Tree Heights was empty. nine young

birds having ventured out the open door

to life in the great cruel world. For a

day the trees about the yard were filled

with little wrens trying to get their bear-

ings. Then we saw them no more. Be-

fore night, however, two of them met

tragic fates. One fluttered into. the poul-

try yard'where an old mother hen pounc-

ed upon it and tore it to pieces. Another

was captured by a. Blue Jay, that blue-

coated pirate of the air. and its head

torn from its body with one swift stroke.

.It is to be hoped fate was more kind to

the rest.



As for Mr. and Mrs. Wren, they loiter-

ed around the place for a few days; then.

finding time hanging heavily upon their

bands, they moved some newfurniture

into the woodpecker’s hole and began the

task of rearing another family.





llillillillilllllllll“llllllilllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllillllIUIlillllllllllillllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||IIIIIHIIIIll[HIIIHIIllllIIH|ll“IlllillllllillllllllllllllllillllllllillillllIIllilllilliIHill“IIHIIUHIIIIIIIHHI





Jane Hepburn’s Legacy





By CHARLOTTE BIRD.





the house that Mr. Galpin. the



lawyer, had arrived from his office

in Holbrook to read the will and that the

heirs of the late Jane Hepburn were to

assemble in the back parlor of the deso-

lated home. Accordingly. the little com-

pany were filing solemnly in and ranging

themselves stiffly on the green plush up—

holstered chairs and sofa. Here only a

few hours earlier the mistress“ body had

lain in state, and with long faces these

same people had sat in a group near the

casket, while the clergyman read the

burial service.



But now the casket was gone and the

furniture had been pushed back into the

usual places and the room had been thor-

oughly ventilated. Only the big bunch of

carnations in the glass vase on the

piano was left to suggest that anything

out of the ordinary had taken place. Out

of their stiff walnut frames-011 the walls

the enlarged photographs of other de-

parted Hepburn connections looked down

benignly upon the scene as if they

loved it.



The bereaved heirs of the late Jane

llepburn were not unconscious of the

cheerful reflex from funereal depression

to considerations relative to the well-be-

ing of ordinary life. One cannot always

mourn, and the taking away of even a

beloved sister would make no vital change

in the even tenor of their daily exist-

ence.



“With all her good qualities, Sister

Jane had her peculiarities." impartially

reminded the plain-spoken Mrs. Stowe in

:1 low voice to her sister, Mrs. Lake. They

were just entering through the wide dou-

ble door. “In some ways she was about

as queer as they make them. I wonder

who is goin’ to git the pyanah.”



“Sister Jane had ailieart of gold.”

championed the brown-eyed, meek-aired

Mrs. Lake. “She was always a good sis-

ter to me. And she was tenderness itself

to anything in distress.”



“Oh, she was good-hearted, —’s far as

that goes.” agreed the wiry and plainly

dressed first speaker. Then, noticing the

lawyer, she gave a solicitous dab of her

hand at smoothing her faded brown hair.

drawn tightly back in a little knot from

her sharp-featured face. By now the

two had reached the sofa and seated

themselves side by side near Mrs. Batesd‘





THE word had gone the rounds of





the third siSter. Mrs. Lake lifted her.





two-year-old boy, the youngest of five.'

to her lap.



“I’ll be plagued to goodness, if there

ain’t that cat agin’——~a nosln’ around in

here as big as if it was folks too.

Sca-a-at there!” In her fldgety, house-

wifely efforts to eject theblack and white





feline intruder Mrs. Stowe held out her

skirts and continued to shoo. “There,

Alice, the critter has gone under your

chair.” '



Mrs. Bates sprang to her feet and the

united efforts of the two soon frightened

the animal out of the front door.



“I’ve put her out a dozen times if I've

put her out once.” informed Mrs. Stowe

generally as she returned triumphantly

to the sofa.



“It seems as if the poor thing almost

understands.” reflected Mrs. Lake in a

pitying tone. -



“She’s got a. litter of kittens out in the

woodslied. Jane had her good points, as

‘I have said, but her foolishness about

cats I never could abide. Such a hand

as she was for the critters! \Vhy. the

first time I come to see her after she took

down sick, if she didn‘t have them cats

in her bedroom closet—and folks a com-

in’ in all the while. “'ell, I soon fixed

that: I hiked ‘em straight out into the

woodshed, where they belonged." and

Mrs. Stowe's thin jaws snapped together.



“Pretty cold out there for tender young

kittens, isn’t it?" tentatively suggested

Mrs. Lake with a shiver.



“ ’Twon’t hurt ’em any, I guess-just a.

lot of cats. So what's the odds?"



“Cats can feel as well as people," re-

minded Mrs. Lake, rather pointedly for

her. But in the family Mrs. Lake's opin-

ions were not too,seriously regarded. She

was the poor member of the Hepburn

family, the one to whom the other more





prosperous sisters gave their cast-off





clothing and nicked dishes. Her husband

was the pastor of a struggling church in

Holbrook whose salary was as limited as

his children were numerous. On the con—

trary, Mrs. Stowe’s .husband was the

working owner of many broad and fertile

acres, while Mrs. Bates's position as wife

of the leading dry-goods merchant in the

town made her the aristocrat of tli'b

family.



Mr. Galpin, meanwhile, stood waiting

with one hand thrust deep down in the

pocket of his sacque Coat and the other

braced on the oak center table on which

lay the Battenburg centerpiece under the

big Bible. His face wore a quizzical,

amused expression. The unassuming Mrs.





‘StOWe had certainly not aimed to attract





the notice of an auditor. Yet Mr. Gal-

pin appeared to find 'her remarks inter-

esting if not illuminating. But that may

have been because her talkativeness was

delaying the purpose of the meeting.

“Are all the heirs here?” The lawyer

looked questioningly at the brother,Ezra

Hepburn, who had just slipped in and

taken a chair near Mrs. Bates. It was

the instinctive tribute to the only other





OLD MAY-DAY cusroms.





 





3! MRS. M. B. RANDOLPH.





Way back in merry England,

Long, long, Mays ago, ,



Kings and queens and lords and ladies

Made a jolly show,



Prancing through the wettest places

Round and round they flew,



Scrubbing off their royal. faces

In the early dew;



Let's hope they got them good and



. clean—



Lord and lady, king and queen.





Then just before the May day.

Thirty yoke, or forty, strong,



Soft-eyed oxen come a-wendlng

\‘Voodland ways along,



Hauling in their forest plunder—

May-pole, smooth and straight and



high;



Loud cheers rent the air asunder



When the village green drew nigh:





\X’ide horns hung with fragrant blossoms,‘





Glossy necks with garlands gay,

Picturesque the long procession

\Vindlng through the sunny day.

Long outgrown the ancient custom,

. Years ago quite obsolete.

But in candor you’ll allow it

"l‘was a fair one hard to beat.





Again, before the May day

Merry strollers came

From the woodland, bearing branches

Fer the damsel and the dame;_

O’er the doorway of the vixen-—

Though just why I cannot say-—

An alder bough must be suspended.

For a hint, it seems, intended -

To suggest more gracious way.





O’er the slove’n’s lintel.



Branch of nut-tree must be hung;

Maybe cause the careless squirrels

In the autumn days had flung

Husks and shells and little twiglets



Most untidyingly around,

Making messes most unsightly

On the fragrant ground:

This hint was read by passer-by.

And made, no doubt, some brooms to fly.





O’er little sweetheart‘s doorway

A birchen 'bough was Seen.



Just why, again. I cannot tell you

Tlnless 'twas fresh—and green——



Like her suitor blushing

Along the village street;



Now wasn’t this neat notice

Something dainty and complete?



Telling swains who stopped to read it

They might as well pass on,



For another lad had entered

May-day race and won.





 





man present. Receiving an affirmative

reply, with his strong white fingers Mr.

Galpin drew the wings of the sliding door

together. ‘



A solemn stillness fell upon the little

company. “Ahernl” was the official pre-

liminary to speech befitting such an im-

portant occasion. “By the reading of the

will on the afternoon of the funeral itself,

we do not wish to seem in irreverent

haste. But some of the heirs live at

considerable distance and their return in

a week or two, perhaps through unpleas-

ant weather, might work them hardship.”

Here the united glance of the three sis-

ters reSted on Ezra who had driven thirty

miles to the funeral. “To me." Mr. Gal-

pin went on, “Uhis has appealed as de-

sirable, especially, since the will of the

late Miss Jane Hepburn has some—pe-

culiarities, whose adjustment may well

require time and a second calling togeth-

er of the witnesses." -



A sigh passed through the group of

listeners.



“\Vith these preliminary remarks I

shall now pass to the reading of the

will."



A thin sunbeam broke through the west

window and fell upon the golden hair of

the'minister’s wife and revealed the soft

cowLick on the left side of her forehead.

Her little boy had (ll-Opped to sleep and

she shifted his position so that he might

lie comfortably in her arms The ‘suc-

ceeding stillness was broken by the rattle

of stiff paper. as the lawyer deliberately

drew the important document out of an

official looking envelope and unfolded its

impressive length.



Presently upon straining ears fell the

reader’s_ even, sonorous voice as he read

the following:





I. Jane Hepburn, of Holbrook, in the

County of Trent and in the State of

Michigan, being of sound mind and mem-

ory, do make, publish and declare this

to be my Last Will and Testament in

manner following, viz: ‘ ’



First. I direct that all my just debts

andfuneral expenses be paid in full.

_Second. I give, devise. bequeath to my

Sister, Mary Stowe, wife of Matthew

Stowe, my horse and carriage and two

thousand dollars in money.



. Third. Likewise I giVe to my sister,

Eliza Lake. wife of Andrew Lake, my

home, except the furniture.



Mrs, Stowe glanced meaningly at Mrs.





Lake. There were compensations even-





‘in the removal .of a beloved if eccentric





sister. Now they, were both safe.

Fourth. To my sister. Alice Bates,





wife of James Bates. I will my household

effects and two thousand

money.



-“So, Alice. you are a goin’ to git the





(Continued on page 548).





dollars in





 





. '6fv
‘W'





 





--+





 





MAY 3, 1913.





THE MICHI





 





From Latexl‘to MotorTruek Tire.





discovery of America by Columbus,



rubber or caoutchoue was known

to the South American Indian. As far back

as 1500, Pincon, the Spanish explorer,

told of these Indians, of the dense forests

bordering the banks cf the great Amazon,

who tapped the caoutchouc trees and ex-

tracted a milky fluid. He did not explain'

its use. Columbus noticed natiVes play-

ing ball wit-h a curious substance grown

in the primeval forests and prepared ac-

cording to native ways. Little did the

Spanish explorer of the sixteenth century

dream what an important part these im-

mense forests were to play in twentieth

century commercialism.



In 1770, Priestly, an Englishman, found

that this milky white fluid, when hard-

ened, could be used in effacing pencil

marks, and in the early part of the

nineteenth century Hancock discovered

that caoutchouc could be used in the

manufacture of articles of dress. A few

years later Charles Mackintosh, aScotch-

man, rendered two fabrics waterproof by

uniting them with a solution of rubber in

coal naphtha, hence the name “mackin-

tosh” for the waterproof coat.



Discovery of Vulcanization.



Not until about 1839, however, 10 years

after the advent of the mackintosh, did

Charles Goodyear. an American, discover

the method of vulcanization and make

rubber lit to take its place among the

most important commercial products of

the world.



The recent increase of rubber-tired ve-

hicles, and the introduction and develop—

ment of the automobile for pleasure and

the motor truck for commercial uses, have





CENTURI‘ES ago, long before the





increarfed enormously the mark’et for

crude rubber.



In 1898 the price of crude rubber. owing

to the demand created, suddenly ”ad-





vanced. Some years before, it had been

foreseen that possibly the supply of South

American gum would run out, and

through the efforts of American and Eng-

lish planters, seeds were shipped to al-

most every tropical climate, and culti-

vated rubber trees were grown with suc—

cess. The. best rubber, however, still

grows wild in the forests on the Amazon

and, according to experts who have in—

veStigated the matter. the supply will

more than equal the demand for some

years to come. in the meantime, rubber

plantations are Springing up in many

tropical countries. Some of these are

already large producers of high-grade

gum, and the future of the supply of raw

material seems assured.



The number of vehicle tires manufac—

tured annually is increasing by leaps and





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Crude Rubber as it comes to the factory.

1. Ceylon Crepe. 2. Manihot Biscuit.—

3. Soudan. 4. Fine Para. 5. Ceylon

Biscuits and Sheets. 6. Cameroon. 7.

Massai Strings. '





 





pose, these grooves beingcut in herring-

bone fashion diagonally around the tree,

with one main groove cut vertically down

the center like the main vein in a leaf.

The latex (sap or juice) of the tree, from

which the rubber is taken, flows from

these veins and down the central one in-

to a little cup at the bottom of the main

vein.



\\'hen the cups are filled they are col-

lected and brought into the rubber camp,

where the latex is coagulated by means

of smoke. This is done by the use of a

paddle which is alternately dipped into a

bowl of the latex and then revolved in

the smoke from a wood or palm—nut. lire.

This smoke seems to have a preservative





 





GAN FARMER





machine called a “cracker.” The crack-

er consists of two large rolls covered with

pyramidal projections which revolve very

close together, at different surface speeds.

It is a powerful machine, and as the

gum is fed between the rolls the projec-

tions tear it to pieces. During this proc-

ess a. continual flow of water from per-

forated pipes plays on the rubber, and as

it goes through these rolls repeatedly the

water gradually washes away most of

the foreign substances.



This gum is shoveled into boxes and

taken to what is known as a. “washer.”

This also consists of rolls, buts the pro-

jections are relatively small and the rolls

are nearer together. The work of re-

moving the foreign matter is completed

here, and in addition the gum is “sheet-

ed out." Sheeting is accomplished by us-

ing warm water as the washing finishes.

The. heat is just enough to make the

gum sticky so that from 15 to 25 pounds

of rubber a sheet 18 inches wide, several

feet long and 3-16 inch thick results.

These sheets are then dried for from three

to four weeks.



Mixing the ingredients.





Mixing the crude rubber with the com-

pounding ingredients is the next step.

liach of the constituents of a 100-pound

“batch” is carefully weighed and taken

to the milling room. Here the rubber is

warmed and softened, before the com-

pound is addcd, by passing it between

the warm rolls of :1 machine similar in

design to the washer, but much larger

and with highly polished walls. The front

roll revolves more slowly than the back

one and the gum soon forms an envelope

around this. The compound is sprinkled

on the gum, a little at a time, and is

gradually worked in by the constant

kneading effect of the rolls on the Soft-

ened gum. Finally. the rolls are opened

a little and the, stock cut away in slabs

about one-half inch thick.



Once again it is allowed to rest—this

time 48 hours—when it is ready to be

shaped for the rolls. In the case of rub-





bvr heels, pieces of suitable size are cut

from the. milled stock, but, in making

solid tires, where the length is many





times the other dimensions, it is neces-

sary to make use of what is known as a

tubing machine. This resembles a meat

chopper on a, large scale, with a die op~

ening in place of the small holes. This





turns out a continuous length of rubber ‘





of proper cross-section as long as the

milled stock is fed into the other end.

Then follows the weighing of O'H'h tire,

cementing to the base band, laying in

the mold, solting the mold. and placing

the whole in a boiler heater where the

heat for curing is supplied by steam.

of time required to “cure”

tire of medium

Taken from the heat-





The length

or ”vulcanize” a

about three hours.





 





 





The Finishing Room in one of the large Modern Manufactories of Pneumatic Tires.





bounds, and just now rubber men are

watching the development of the com-

mercial truck, confident that in the next

few years it will be fully as spectacular

as has been that of the pleasure type of

automobile.





. Para is Finest Quality.



Rubber-producing trees, shrubs, etc..

are found mostly in northern South Am-

erica, Central America, Mexico, Central

AfriCa and Borneo.



The finest rubber obtained is fine Para,

gathered in the AmazOn regions of South

America. Selecting a rubber tree. the

natives cut V-shaped grooves in the bark

with a special knife made for the pur-





~





effect on the rubber, as well as drying

it out and causing it to harden on the

paddle, each successive layer of the latex

causing the size of the rubber ball or

biscuit to increase. When a biscuit of

sufficient size has been thus coagulated,

it is removed from the paddle and is

ready for shipment to various countries

where rubber products are manufactured.





Crude rubber, as it is received at the

factory, is more or less dirty, sand, leaves

and twigs sometimes constituting as high

as 40 or 50 per cent of the weight. These

foreign subStances are removed by Wash-

ing the gum, one or two tons being soak-

ed in warm water and then taken to 3.





er it is cooled, removed from the mold,

trimmed of the rinus at the line of con-

tact of the halves of the mold, and the

tire is ready for shipment.



Chemistry Plays its Part.



Tire manufacturers have had to be

chemists, inventors. analysts and keen

observers of conditions as well as mere

craftsmen. They have had to establish

their own precedents, to solve problems

of construction and service that men have

never faced before. It is a long step

from the Amazon jungle, where natives

slash, trees and gather the sap, with

chattering monkeys and brilliant parrots

as an audience, to the sturdy rumbling





 





 





 





11—547 '





 





The Healthy Root

Of Ajax Mileage





The product of an unhealthy-

root will soon wither and die.





An automobile tire of poor qual-

ity will soon give way and you

will ’not get the service out of

that tire that you pay for.





Quality is the healthy root of

long tire mileage. Thus the

root of our 5000 mile guarantee

is Quality.



For the past eight years we

have been giving tire users a

bonus of 1500 tire miles at no

higher cost than other standard





5000 Miles





Drop us a postalfor Boo/clot ”Figures

That Don’t Lie” and name ofncurcst

Ajax dealer.





AJAX-GRIEB RUBBER C0.

1797 Broadway New York City





Factories: Trenton, N. J.





 





Guaranteed (in writing)





 





 





(59)





 





 





 





size is ‘





l





 





 





Wear This Collar a Week





ll" any of your friends know that itis a

waterproofed collar; or if. for any reason

whatever, you don‘t like it we will refund

your money. A real Troy-made collar-—

stitched. laundrcd. starched and ironed.

Then waterproofed by our patented process.

A damp cloth cleans it instantly. Not. a.

rubber or celluloid “imitation” collar.





Write us for complete catalog. Or send

250, mention name, size and brand of your

favorite collar. and we'll mail you an

Ever Clean (‘ollar of the same style.

Write us today,





Price. 25 cents a Collar.





EVER CLEAN COLLAR 00.

34-34“: Street, Brooklyn, New York





DU YOU NEED FAHM HELP?





We have on our listanumber of men wishing to

obtain employment on farms. Many of them are

without experience. but; they are able-bodied and

willing to work. If you can make use of such help

write for an order blank. 8 are a. philanthropic

organization whose object, is to assist, and encourage

the Jews to become farmers. We charge no commis-

sion to employer or employee. Address.



\Vestern Agency of The Jewish Agricultural

and Industrial Aid Society of New York. 704

\V. 12th. Street, Chicago, Ill.





WANTED—SALESMEN and SALESWOMEN





Hundreds of good positions now openfpaying from ".00000

to 35.000.00 a year. No former experience required to yet one

of them. We will teach you to ho a high grade Traveling

Salesman or Saleswomun by mail in eight, weeks and assist.

you to secure a. good position where you can earn good wages

while you are learningr Practical salesmanship. Write today

for full particulars, and testimonials from hundreds of men

and women we have recently placed in good positions; also

list. of good positions open. Address (nearest other) Dept. 213

National Salesman’s Training Association. Chicago.

New York, Kansas City. San Francisco, New Orleans. Toronto,





 





 





 





 





‘ATANTED FOR U. S. ARMY—Able-bodied. un-

married men. between ages of 18 and 35; citizens

of United States. of good character and temperate

habits. who can speak. read and write the English

language. For information apply to Recruiting

Officeri 212 Griswold Street. Detroit, Mich. Heaven-

noh B ock. Saginaw, Mich., lot: and Saginaw Streets.

Flint, Mich. 144 West, Main Street. Jackson. Mich.

Huron a Quay Streets. Port, Huron, Michigan:





YoUNG MA tailor made suit. Just for showing it





to your friends? 0: a. fill -on Raincoat F i



you use 35 a. day for a litt e spare time? 33113325



figgugiffml you a.l steatdylv job? thxiite at once and get

u samp es. s y as an is wond rf . .



BANNER TAILORING 00.. Dept. 3216. C‘hllgggg.





would you accept; and wear a. fine





 





booklet. X 892 tells how. Write today—NOW





BUVERNMENT Positions are easy to get. My free

EARL HOPKINS, Washington. 1). c. '





 





W“ITEI Amen or women. on or spore time. to secure

futon-motion for us. Experience not neces—

sary. Nothing to sell. GOOD PAY. Bend stump for par-

tlcuiors. Address I. I. l. A.. lndlonopollo. Indian-





 





‘ When writing advertisers please

mention The Michigan Farmer.
548—12 .





 

 

 

 





. . :. -_|“""J.v ; h





"N.





' A welcome add





Sparkling with life





Refuse S





 





any time—any place.





Delicious

Refreshing

Thirst-Quenching





Demand the Genuine—





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





3......





The Best

Beverage

under the

Sun—





 





lthIl to any party-—





   

 





and wholesomeness.





 

 

 





 

 

   

   





At



Soda

Fountains

or Carbonated

in Bottles.





ubstitutes.





 





THE COCA-COLA COMPANY, ATLANTA, GA.





Whenever you see an Arrow think of Coca-Cola.





 





 





Pure Leather





VER 90 % of all shoes sold for less





$4.00 contain substitutes for leather in





the heels, counters and soles.





Why pay pure leather prices

for such shoes when you never

know they are adulterated

until you wear them and find

them unsatisfactory. 15°“-



There is one way to be sure you are getf

ting an honest leather shoe. Simply ask for

“Star Brand" shoes with the star on the

heeland the name on the sole.



"Star Brand' is the largest selling line of

shoes 1n the world Over seven million pairs



Don‘t

having'





the name of the nearest merchant who





.mnuracruarns





Be Sure You Get a





ay leather prices for paper shoes.

tar Brand” shoes. Nearly 20 ,000 good merchants sell them.

just go into ANY store but hunt up the “Star Brand." dealer or write to us for





l'Si‘ar Brand Shoes Are Better





Runners. JOHNSON 6 RAND»





 

 





Shoe





than





   





’ SOLE \.

/ i. LEATHER

COUNTER





 

 

 

 





jSDlE LEATH Ell HEELSl





LEATHER so 5 “taproot conu- ecrnrm mural





sold during 1912. Eve pair is honestly

made of good leather. 0 substitutes for

leather are ever used.



“Star Brand" shoes are made 1n over 750

styles—in all the different leathers—for

men women and children. Ashoe to meet

every demand. both as to style and grade.

Always ask for and insist 61pm:



on't





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





sells them.





   





1106‘ international ShoeCo . 51.1.9115.





 





 





more terms this season.

Job this summer.





become salesmen

sons. town boys (l7 years 111)), college or high

Costs nothing to investigate—it may pay better than you think.





chance to earn part of it while you study.

“ork, testing. operating and relishing—work on

stationary engines.





Learn a Payi





at an established Tractioneering School—theonly one of its kind

Fifteen thousand Gas Tractors will be_ sold tins

graduated less than 200 tractioneers Since January ist.

Get interested now and figure on a good





A Tractioneer’e Work is inter





Hie Pay is Worth Having.





Tractioneer’s get $75 a month to $10 a day





As operators or experts for tractor companies they travel.

Almost anyone can learn—farmers. farmer’ 8





Six to seven weeks required to finish course h





Diploma.





(O. I. GUNNESS. Supt.)'





Thorough lectures—practical





erms begin May 12 and

Special athletics in summer—baseball, lake sports etc.

Correspondence Courses too—write at once to

INDIANA SCHOOL OF TRAGTIONEERING

Pine Lake Av...





119 Trade Now





 





year. but we have

Only two





eating ——





in busy seasons.

Many





school students.





sre. Tuition low-





 





both traction and ‘1





 





J une 16.





 





LePorte. Ind.





 





u||7MJ





Genuine Innuendo-1mm etch-om. wane Iehol requeiru on their





[only nil-bio tin-keeper and n Ilwh thuvili in» n liledme. loomed live on

teed seven jewels, bnquu hdnprlng. punt regulator,

ulldomllvu- march-mow.





ll, heaped and gum

km Fitted in henvy or medium weight





'1 botheounnd mil nheolntel ygnuenteedforflOy-m. Tend





 





 





m an :11 b 1 quid r ll"yin

oeugentn “'1“, 0 yard pot or

this ndvenheuont'i ”a“ mantel will!» 0 y" um



em station gd‘nrnnrud or money "Ended. Send today. Add".





R. I. DHALMIIS G 00.. 535 Dune-MCI showcase.





truck that is revolutionizing traffic in the

cities of the world. ‘



Much study has gone into this fasci-

nating phase of the development of a.

commercial age. Automobiles and motor

trucks are really locomotives. They run

without permanent steel tracks (and are

therefore practical) only because the rub-

ber tree, grown in the tropics, and its





blood, congealed and compounded, finally

makes a cushion for wheel rims thou-

sands of miles away.





JANE HEPBURN’S LEGACY.





 





(Continued from page 546).





pyanah,” reminded Mrs. Stowe in a stage

whisper. “I had an idea. 1:111 along you

would be the lucky one!"



Fifth. '10 my brother. Ezra Hepburn,

I bonus-1th my lot on Main sheet.



Lastly. I heieby revoke all

wills by me at any time.



Upon deaf ears fell the closing of the

will. Mrs. Stowe and Mrs. Bales ex-

changed satisfied glances. Regarding this

will they had shared each other’s confi-

denccs and each was well acquainted with

the other’s anxieties.



As Mr. Gulpin ceased- reading, almost

as one person the company heaved a

sigh and shifted their positions to relieve

strained muscles. In short, everybody

was pleased. Sister Jane had made as

senSible a will as anybody need wish——

except that Mrs. Bates would a little

rather have had the horse and carriage.

while Mrs. Stowe would have appreciated

the silver coffee pot, her mother’s set of

old china, and she could not help regret—

ting the piano.



But the placid-spirited Mrs. Lake would

have changed nothing. She felt the grat-

itude which saw in her gift only her

first choice. She now had 11 home in her

own right and, for the time at least,

that was heaven enough.



Yet Mr. Galpin made no move to go



away. Neither did he sit down. To make

his voice carry above the babble of eag-

er, contented chat he had to raise it. “I

stated in the beginning, you recall,” he

succeeded at length in making himself

heard, “that there was some—~ah—pecu-

liarity about this will. In fact, it has a.

codlcil. and for the reading of this codi-

cil the time does not seem— all—ripe. ”

“A. codlcil1’ and Ema Hepburn turned

pale.

“Now isn’t that for all the world like

Jane!” fidgeted Mrs. Stowe. “Just like

a cow that gives down a pail of nice rich

milk and then ups and kicks it over.”





“.Iane never did do anything that was

expected of her,” complained Mrs. Bates.

“Why couldn’t she let well enough alone?”

“You—you c-couldn’t give us any sort

of a hint—so that we could arrange our

business accordingly?” suggested Ezra

Hepburn as he moiStened his dry lips.

“That would certainly be contrary to

the wishes of the legator, and I must

comply with the conditions.” Mr. Galpin

appeared quite sociable; he even took a.

chair as if in a visiting mood. '

A restless air prevailed which made one

or two look upon the rest with something

bordering upon envious suspicion. But

happily this did not last long. The strain

was relieved by the merry shout of chil-

dren’s voices and the sound of little feet

scurrying over the carpet in the adjoin-

ing room. Mrs. Stowe again, heard. one of

those troublesome kittens. Then the slid:





former





 





ing doors were thrust back and, bursting





” MAY 3. 1913.





into the room, the excited cavalcade

mingled with the grown people.



“Mother, see what we have found in

Aunt Jane’s woodshed.” and Edwin Lake

held up a. frantically crying kitten.

“There is a whole nestful of the softest,

fuzziest little things. I am going to take

this maltese, and Erma wants the white

one, and Jimmie says he’ll take the





 





Equipment for Washing Raw Rubber before entering Processes of Manufacture.





tiger.” Edwin thus called attention to

the other children who were in possession

of the rest of the kittens.



“Say, mother, shan‘t we

home with us?”

“P-Ie-a-s-e!"



“Hus-s-s-h. dears!" and Mrs. Lake held

up a restraining hand. She was visibly

embarrassed. The assembled uncles and

aunts clearly betrayed their disapproval

of such noisy, ill-trained preacher's chil—

dren. Their own children were so dif-

ferent.



“Say, mother. shan’t we take them all

home and have them for our kitties?”

repeated the boy. “See how beau—u-utl—

ful they are!”



Mr. Galpin alone appeared to enjoy

the scene and he chuckled with delight.

But it was a well—known fact that his

boys ran all over him.



The flushed Mrs, Lake reminded:

you thought, dears, that maybe someone

else might like Aunt Jane’s kittens?

Maybe your c0usin Lettie Hepburn there

would like to take one home with her,

or your cousin Ruth Stowe.”



But Lettie shared the family indiffer-

ence to‘ward the feline tribe. Her nose

went up as she replied, “I can’t bear

catS.” And Ruth was equally cold to the

proposition. .



Lettie's father sustained her, laughing-

iy: “We don’t go much on cats at our

house. When the rats and mice get too

thick, I put out a little rough on rats and

that fixes them."



“Aw, Eliza, if your Childem want them

kittens, fOr l)it.\”s sake. take ’em right

along,” spoke Mrs, Stowe for the rest.

“it'll save killin' 'cm most likely, for I

guess Alice feels about cats a good bit

as I do.” .



“I would rather give my time to Some

homeless child," replied Mrs. Bates with

a. virtuous air.



“La, Alice, I never had an idea that

you had any liking for ch1idren ” said

Mrs Lake with a pleased look. “I know

of a little darling, that you could get. And

the good that Min-could do that child!"



But apparently Mrs. Bates did not ’hear.



Mrs. Luke Ilushed warmly. This lack

of response threw her back upon the old

subject: “If somebody doesn’t look after

theSe friendless animals, they will perish.





take them

persisted Edwin.





“Have





Since no one else will do it, I will. I

don’t know that we shall be much

poorer."





Mr. Galpin‘s eyes twinkled but no one

noticed. As no one found it worth while

to answer, Mrs. Luke resumed: “Sister

Jane loved her cats almost as if they had

been human. \l'c take her other property

willingly enough, even if her pets are

left to starve. Yes, lldwin dear, see if

you can’t find a basket somewhere and

make a nice nest in it. W'e shall take

all the kitties, for we must not separate

the little ones from their mother.” 1.»



Again with a glad shout the children

scuttled out and their voices echoed from

the direction of the woodshed.



“Dear ime, Eliza,” remarked Mrs.

Stowe, “you are about as bad about cats

as Jane herself."





-.._.. 4. L... «WV





 





i

i

1
Ii“: ’4'“





-~ muomsf ’ THE'MICHIIGAN-FARMER _ 13—539





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





, The amused expression on Mr. Galpin's m 1

face melted into that of his official dig-



nity. Again he smile to his feet. With ~ *



his soberest look he inquired: “Do Iun- .



derstand correctly, Mrs. Lake, that you ' . .



voluntarily assume the care of the late ,



Miss Jane Hepburn's cats?" 0- 1m- u lres



She saw his gray compelling eyes fast- _

ened upon her. “I have Just said so, .

she agreed. ‘



.. p..- 1 0 0/0 Overmze

once 61- these assembled witnesses your

voluntary intention to adopt and care for

the late Miss Jane Hepburn’s cats?"



Each pair of eyes was strained on the

lawyer’s face; each pair of ears heard '

his words. But no brain took in their H D 7

A - 0w 0 e or em



1' Mrs. Lake, already nettled by the cold- ' .

; ness of the rest toward her departed sis- _ .

' 1:21: fijoztiiré‘jzfgteg 13‘: 51:33; "9;; You ask, perhaps, how tires like One process alone costs us a mil- H

on not like Mr. Galpin’s' making sport these can be-sold at Goodyear prices. lion dollars yearly more than processes

of her. “I have said that I mean to take , _ . ll d /

1 them and give them a good home,” she The utmost In tires—the final 1‘68““ genera Y use 0

hinclsively agreed. “I have no objection . . o .

to the rest hearing the statement.” 0‘: 14 years 0‘: betterments. How are such tires—tires that give

u . ,° ’ ° ' 0

That being the case, the obstacle Is Tires that cant rim-cut—tires 10 such mileage—sold as low as Good-

removed from the immediate reading of _ s ‘ a)

_ the comm," Whne the, company stared, per cent oversize. / years. Let us tell you.

again Mr. Gnlpin solemnly unfolded the -

legal document and stood up before the

cum an . “I shall now read the codicil . o

n; the vyvm," he began. Our Cost cent, out of which must come The Endence



To the_person. or Demons, who volun~ .W h . ld' l the interest on millions Of . .

teer to giVe a home to'my cats, to feed e are t e W01" 5 argest . l . Cl Th. This [5 shown by the fact

and comfort and cherish them, I be- . . . capita anCStC . 18 year, ‘

queath the afore—mentioned cats. As com- tire bUIldCTS- WC bUlld almost d . that Goodyears far outsell the

Densation for the time, trouble and ex- ' . . ll Wth OUl‘ re LlCCd prlces9we

Sense involved, I bequeath to such pcr- as many tires as any 0t Cl‘ two do not expect to exceed that. rest, after 2’000’000 have been

.on, or persons. my home and three thog- plants combined d

sand dollars in money, this amount to e - use .

deducted equally fl‘OllIVlI the Sbeduestlsjnof O f . 0 Those are thC reasons Wl'lY‘

the afore-mentioned :iry towe, ‘ za . - -



Lake, Alice Bates and Ezra Hepburn. .ur actorles are new ur tires “kc these can be 501d Oursales last yearwcre larger



Itf mole 2i?“ 2“§o"2"5§§ms§”€é $353512: eqmpment '5 modern. We at the Goodyear prices. than the previous 12 years put

un em 0 e o , . ., '

let the bequest be divided among such have inventedawealth of labof. h

volunteers in proportion to the number . . L P 0 tOgCt Cl’.

ofdcaitls teach Dersgn,t noti krtlowing of this savmg machinery. We employ ower rlces Th , h 1 f .

co c . as agree 0 a 01). _ -



In witness whereof I have hereunto set - effiuc‘ncy experts. Of course tires can be mad at S t e res“ t O te-Stlng

my hanci/Iandh Sfaltfi“ this twf’lty'fofi“t‘d‘ e these tires on hundreds of thou-

day of are n 8 year 0 our or - . - -

one thousand nine hundi ed and ten 0‘" cap'tal co“ '5 cxceedmg' t0 COSt less' Tues can be 501d sands of cars. Men have proved



Jane Hel’bm‘“ ly low, due to small capitaliza- 3‘ half our prices, yet pay a -



Mr. Galpin then read the testimony of . lar er rofit enormous savmgs.

the witnesses to this extraordinary in- F101]. g P ' Th N R. C f

.t' t. B t before he lad finished, - e o- [m- ut eat“ '

9 mm?" ‘1 q, 1 Grade for grade, our cost of But tire cost means the cost . . re

the babel of discuseion broke out. . ,1 G ends rim-cuttln com lctel (



“Well, womdnvt that take you." ex- making must be far below the per ml 6. oodyears cost far g . P . IV.

claimed Ezra Hepburn in an incredulous rest. less per mile than any other The 10 Per cent OVCI'SIZC, Wlth

Voice. . , . ,



“I am ashamed of her,” snorted Mrs, ' . tire that s built. / , the average car, adds 25 per,

Bates. “She has made a regular laughing our Profit cent to the tire

stock of herself—and of us." milca 8



“Like her, though, for all the world,” Then our profit g ' '

declared Mrs. Stowe. “That's the old is kept at the mini- You Willscc these

maid of her. Well, the horse and buggy T . l l h

will come in handy when I want to drive num. 0 assure savmgsc ear YVV. C“

to town and Matthew is usin’ the other you of this, every you test these “res. .

horiteslo'ok lik a case of Iov me love year we advertise



“ s e e .



r O . u

my cats." laughed Mr. Galpin, good—na- our pl‘OflES. In N0_le-Cut Tires w'lltefBorfllIxecioo: V ,

turedly. “Her idea was that those who times past this DI'O' year if: 00 E lull. .

' reall cared for her, would consider her - . . . year c i ion. e s

5 cats}: wan ms he escaped from an at_ f“ has 31’6“ng With or Without Non-Skid Treads all known ways to

mosphere which had become charged. around 8/? per economize on tires.

‘ Mrs. Lake shrank into the corner of

the sofa. with an air of one who 'had been THE GOODYEAR TIRE 8r. RUBBER COMPANY, AKRON, OHIO

. caught at something mean. Yet how lBranches and Agencies in 103 Principal Cities More Service Stations Than Any Other 11”

i could she help her Sisters peculiarities? We Make All Kinds of Rubber Tires, Tire Accessories and Repair Outfits

ll Something like this question must have Mun Canadian Office. Toronto. Cub—Canadian Factory. Bowmanvilie. Ont.





 





 





 





 





passed through Ezra’s mind, for before

he departed he said kindly, “I expect the L

next time I come to Holbrook, you and





(1083)

‘ Andrew will be living here.”





As e.}}§I.°"yu§ikiéy’;;rfiilffd.h“§rinfi‘ii’ fill; Let Me Pay The “That roof is





the rent of the parsonage will help us V . .

considerably.” P 0 st a g e T 0 Y o "-0 n ' nOt galng to

cost as much





'1





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





The sisters, too, started h'ome. “There’s

no use in layin’ up anything against you I 7 

for what Jane has done," added Mrs. ‘ y lg ree 800k iv ,, ' as I thought”

Stowe bluntly to her adieux. “I’ll be in _,

one of these days to help you get





straightened up. There will be a heap of 5 C6 rta ln- teed





work to do.”





 





I “Let me know and I’ll come tOO,” sug- . v' > 01:01in Certified Durability Guaranfrzd

gested MFS- Bates- “Maybe you W1“ have ‘ , . Roofin in Rolls an '

: some sew... .0. n... children." - $25 00 TO $40_ 00 .« » , ,, .. w

w Mrs. Lake’s face beamed her heartiest . 4, “ " The users of this modern, easy-to-lay

thanks at the real generosity of her sis- 0" Your New Bu ‘: , Certain-teed Roofing are saving thou-

ters. A. z , ' sands of dams—on every roll and crate of

AS She Closed the (3001‘ behind the last SP1fietlp§is§yvs he’ II] Siave 3701:1525 to $49 on; gdenujne/ ( ' \‘j, ' , 1’ Shingles IS a ce—_7'_—taln‘ teedlabel of Quality

1 . t' she went to et the cats p c ory. s I: wort a posta to 11 out? '. , , _ _ fl

( :91; lngft one 11 t t pb d rived Is it worth a postal to see the 140 styles of vehi- , , .~ 3' 15 year guTantee 0f urability.

. Vi 110 , a er a ’ were no 0 9 ep , cles and complete line of harness all shown in 1 .. _. - Get our N BO k

,‘ S: of their good home. - Phelps’ new book Is it worthapostal to learn ' 1/ _v ' u CW 0

. l i . the reasons why.167.000 other people bought _ ' Modern Building Ideas and Plans'h—

,4 , , BOOK NOTICE. , p , ‘ v. It would ordinarily sell for fill—but as it

‘ . " _______ , - " illustrates the use of our Certain-teed

l ‘ . Ceresota Cook Book, published by the ‘ Ralf”! on all kinds model_ City

3 ' Northwestern Consolidated Milling Co., ' " ~ ~ " factory, and farm buildings, w;

E MinneapOIiS. Minn, is a 32~pa_ge phamp- vehicles? Phelps sells direct from his own factory—on .. ,, ,c t offer it to you at 25c. We prefer to

let With an indexed list of recipes for the 30days’ Free Road Test—2 years guarantee. You , - '7' f ' . have you go to your lumber. hardware

9 making of all kinds of appetizmg pastry, keep all the middle profits—you take no risk—every! ‘ , . , , ' ' orbuildinz material dealer. who will

as well as bread, and in fact everything , thingis clearlifihotographed and accurately tie-C \ , - < ‘ gladly gctyouacopyFrec. if you

of which flour is an ingredient It also scribed and guaranteed. Why not get '_ write us. enclose 25c to cover cost.

has space for the writing or pasting in ‘ _ Pbelps’ booksoyoucancomparewithothers. ‘ g , Museum mailing.

of other recipes so as to make a complete Phelps pays postazelf VP“ write “‘5'.“ 1°” i ~- I

’ reference book. In addition it contains tor or postal. Just say ‘Send Book. V. ‘ ' ‘ . u

valuable cooking suggestions. Write for I. c. nmmmouo Winsome. 00. ‘ ‘\E' ‘~ / ‘ . Imam Ii.‘iliiln::'p:ll'a,

‘1 . a copy of this valuable household book, Staloniz Columbus, Ohio ' N '” 0" PanamWI Mama-cm“.





 





 





 





mentioning the Michigan Farmer.
THE MICHIGAN FA'RMER





MAY 3, 1913.





 





 





t_o Send; You

This Book of





Vehicle Bargains





Before you buya buggy, surrgt y, wagon or

vehicle of any kind send a postal for the

color illustrated Sears- Roebuck Bargain Book

of V chicles.



Compare our quality and prices with

others, then buy where you get the most for

every dollar. Pro1e to yourself that you





Save $35% to $502.0





when you buy from us. And remember,

the Scars- Roebuck reputation for fair

and square dealing and the Sears- Roebuck

guarantee of perfect satisfaction or money

back” makes this the safest place' 1n the world

to send your order. Sc nd us a postal today.





Please ask for Vehicle Book No. 75M63.

Address

Sears, Roebuck and Co. Chicago





15992





is our remarkably.



low price for this

' Metal Auto Seat

Buggy Ovcr49.000

sold. Others ask

$85.00to$5000





“A ,.





r—jS—u —-.mLE,





‘lllV





 

 

 

 





 





 

   

   

   





 





 





You shut out all the rain when

you button a





FISH BRAND REFLEX

SLICKER





This design shows you why.





 





See those edges turned back, or Re-

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buttoned they catch all the water that

runs in at the front and conduct it to

the bottom.



Sold everywhere at $3.00

SATISFACTION

GUARANTEED.



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BOSTON

Toimsr Canadian Limited



Toronto 5|3





 





 





 





 





 





   

 





2‘31





   

 

 

 





17—5 QUALITY PAINT





 





"TC :9



11.1.11 , DIRECT T0 101111;.

PM)“ mi Save 500 on Every Gal-



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To introduce in to readers of

The Michigan Farmer we will

send you our regular $1.75

grade of



Ready





WILSON’S PREPARED PAINT to Use





For on] $1. 25 per gallon in lots of six gallons

and overy Frol M Prop-Id (East of the Mississippi.)

We are manufacturers selling direct. to the con-

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ostal for information about our special tria

0 er and handsome 35 color card.





The Wilson Paint 6': Glass Co.

548 Main Street. Cincinnati. 0.





Reference—First National Bank of Norwood. Cincinnati.





\\





 





 

 





 





   





HARTSHORN

SHADE ROLLERS-





Bear the script name of

Stewart Hartshom on label.

Get. “ Improved." no tacks required.





Wood Rollers Tin Roller:

'26 ASSORTED” 9081 Milli. 11......





ad on receipt]: of cents.

silver. BER-Tub.“ DECK.” Charlotte. menus“.





and 100 Gold





 





 





 





 





 





$6111.11] 21113 Her Needs?





A“: . Home; ant) Ehew ere





 





 





   





 





 





Don’t Take Yourself too Seriously.





OMEN are so constantly accused

of a lack of humor that I sup-

pose a fresh mention of the fact

column will fail to provoke a

of interest. But really, the more

I study the hurried, worriedfnervous

women. including myself, about me, the

more I come to the conclusion that a

large part of the trouble comes because

we all take ourselves and life too ser-

iously. Life is a serious thing, in a way,

but to the average person who reads

these lines it isn’t such a. tremendous

thing that we can't afford to stop and

laugh as we go along. There are very

few of us W110 have Such an important

mission in life that we must make all

things bend to it, as we are told the few

great ones have to do. Most of us have

accomplished our life’s work if we earn

an honest living, do our duty by our-

selves and friends. and keep smiling.





YVhy. then, does it seem such hard

work for the average woman to lake life

easily? VV'e all seem to be imbued with

the idea that the things of our little

sphere are of such vast importance that

the whole universe waits upon our ac-

complishments. To get the washing out

on Monday is of so great importance that

we can’t put it over to go on a picnic

with the children. If a thunder storm

comes up just as we get the clothes

ready to carry out to the line, we burst

into tears, when the sane thing would be

to laugh at the joke 01d Jupiter Pluvius

has played upon us.



The; things in which we are interested,

they are of such vital importance to us.

We fail to see that they scarcely even

interest anyone else. We fo1get that

there are billions of us" in the world

and that each one of us is firmly con-

vinced that we are the center of the

whole thing. If we sat dowu occasionally

and looked at it in that way, wouldn’t

it tickle our sense of humor? “'hen we

stop to think how we must look to the

One looking down on all of us, doesn’t

it seem a joke to be so intensely serious

about the business of living?





W





in this

glimmer





H





I have two neighbors who perfectly il-

111Strate the beauty of making a joke of

things. Both have been recently wid-

owed, and neither has any too much

money nor too good health. One makes





light of her misfortunes and refuses to,





talk about them. If you even hint at

sympathy she tells you a good joke she

just read in the paper and gets up a

hearty laugh some way. If she has a

twinge of rheumatism she laughingly

says she has been living too high, and

makes light of the whole thing. To her

there is enough sorrow in life without

dwelling upon it, so she. makes as little

of everything as possible, and laughs her-

self out of her ills and blues.



The other woman wraps her troubles

about her and refuses to be seen without

them. She is always just a little more

widowed than anyone else, just a little

sicker than you could ever have been,

just a. bit harder used by Fate. She

thinks it is wicked to make a joke of

your trOubles, but can see no sin in mak-

ing other people unhappy by mourning.

If she could take herself less seriously

and look for something to smile at, her

health would be better and everybody

about her happier.



Most of the tragedies in all our lives

are imaginary ones, for real misfortunes

seldom come to the folks who honestly

and patiently do their best. VV'hy not,

then, laugh at those things that seem

mountains? From the other fellow’s

viewpoint our path may lie level and

clear. When the fire doesn’t burn, and

the bread refuses to rise, and the baby

knocks the milk pitcher over and Johnnie

tracks in mud, things do look blue, I'll

admit. But they won’t change color if

you treat them as dire calamities, while

treating them as a joke just naturally

makes them fade away completely. .Be-

sides; husband and children are so much

'happier when you laugh than when you





cry that their happiness alone should re-.





pay you for your forced mirth.

It would be a good thing for the av-





erage woman to copy after the men of

the family. Life is never so serious to

a man that he can’t stop long enough to

laugh and have a good time. Why should

women be so convinced that the world

would stop moving if they stopped to

play? Let us do our work with a con-

science, but with a. conscience that un-

derstands there is a time to laugh as

well as to weep.

DEBORAH.





.__-





MAKING ORNAMENTAL USE OF THE

HUMBLE CASTOR BEAN.





 





BY MAE Y. MAHAFFY.





By all too many the humble castor bean

is considered quite toq plebian to deserve

so prominent a place as it fills in the

accompanying illustration. However, the

writer has always admired its luxuriant

foliage, and when moving late in the

spring into a new, barren looking home,

with no hopes of starting a majority of





 





 





 





 





vines, this old-





shrubs or

fashioned plant was relied upon to fill the

breach, and by its rapid growth and rich-





the popular





ness attracted a great deal of favorable

notice. It requires but little attention if

the seeds are given a warm spot in rea-

sonably rich soil. The porch in this in-

stance faees east. Anyone who has little

time to devote to plants and shrubs can-

not do bettcr than to invest in the. eas-

tor bean seeds if they desire splendid and

speedy results. A hedge of these. plants

forms one of the most charming shields

or breaks, too.





BEAUTIFYING WASTE PLACES.





 





BY CHARLOTTE BIRD.



surrounding nearly every

home have some unsightly spot which

requires special thought 1o make whole-

some and presentable. Especially, when





The grounds





winter yields place. to spring,‘d0 we find

the earth littered with Wieckugc from

cold and storm. One can but wonder





where all the trash has come from.



Usually the most Considerable unsightly

spot is the back yard. In shameless

frankness the ash heap flaunts its ugli-

ness with old tin cans and bits of paper.

These must be promptly hauled away.

Then the whole premises must be care-

fully raked, if not actually swept, and

still there will be things in plenty to do.



Nature appears to feel the injury

wrought to the earth’s beauty by winter

and it hurries to cover up all signs. It

quickly carpets the ground with grass,

conceals plowed rough places with weeds

and trains vines over old fences and

buildings. For these purposes nature

uses the best material at hand. But na-

ture’s material is not always the best.



If nature is helped in the benefieent

process of beautifying the earth, the good

work can be done far more efliciently.

There is no convincing reason why the

back yard of one’s home should not be

as clean and attractive as the front one.

The cost is too little to be considered.

The seeds need not cost more than 25 or

50 cents and woodbine ay be found free

in our woods. The government supplies





0





flower and vegetable seeds for the mere

asking and its aim is to supply only the

best. Yet, of course, the more money is

spent, the rarer will be the flower dis-

play



Though it may not be necessary, the

back yard can be enclosed with a. bolt of

chicken wire netting which will keep out

all the chickens. It is a fact only too

well knowxi that flowers and chickens

cannot live in the same enclosure. Or

perhaps the netting might be used to

confine the chickens within their own

limits. Beside this wire netting flower

beds may be made and otver them a.

luxuri0us growth of nasturtiums or sweet

peas could be. trained and thus the place

be transformed into a scene of rare beau-

ty. The world 'is a busy place for most

of us, but a. plenty of enthusiasm will

find time and means to carry out some

such measure.



Permanent vines like the rambler rose-

bush or the clematis paniculata. should be

trained over the porches. As such vines

give shade and privacy, they vastly e11-

hance the attractiveness of rhe. porch as

a place for rest or social chat in the af-

ternoons or evenings.



The posts for the clothes line may just

as eaSily be made to support an orna-

mental vine as to be allowed to stand in

their naked ugliness. If nothing finer is

available, then the common morning glory

vine should be mode to cover old build—





ings and unsightly fences 01‘ be trained

over Wire netting as a screen. Even the

stable yard can 1hns be Fr'l‘GC‘llGd off.

Then, when the blossom season comes

with all their varying beautiful colors,

these morning glory vines will be glo-

rious. And every morning for a long





time their cheering beauty will repeat

itself.



The letter box, a particularly naked

looking object somewhere near the front

of the house, 'should be beautified with

vines. perhaps nasturtiums, while a wood-

bine planted at the foot of a dead tree

will transform it into a thing delightful

to see. An old stone pile with earth

scattered freely among the stones is an

ideal spot for a nasturtium bed. Plant

the seeds on the east side and the vines

will run all over the stones. And, if the

flowers are regularly picked, their bright

sunshine colors will be a mass of glory

all the days till frost comes.



A mass of bushes, surrounded every

summer by a ring of straggling weeds, is

never a cheering sight. Instead of the

Weeds, it might be encircled with a bed

of sultana 0r nicotiana, both of which if

well watered, will do well almost any-

where. They are both almost perpetual

bloomers, the sultana bearing pink, red

or white flowers and the nicmiana, white

trumpet-shaped blooms. The latter. es-

pecially in the evening, has a fine rich

perfume which makes it desirable as a.

flower near the porch to be enjoyed mes

in the evening.



Thus, if one has a genuine love for

flowers, with a labOr which will come as

almost play, the home grounds may be

turned into a Scene of joy and beauty,

and at the same time, of bodily health

and spiritual uplift. But the influence

does not end with the home. Even those

who merely pass by are helped and go

on their ways with a, healthier and more

mOral life. “'9 can never really benefit

ourselves without at the same time help-

ing others. The moral and spiritual

worth of beautiful flowers llOlnngS to the

things which we cannot measure. Thus

whoever beautiiies his home grounds, is

:1 public benefactor, perhaps a more ef-

fective one than if he should perform

some deep of fame.





HOME-MADE FLY TRAPS.





 





 





BY ELLA E. nocxwoon.



Of fly traps there are several varieties'

now on the market. One of these which

any handy man can make is of fine wire

screen about the shape and size of a,

nail keg. It is braced with four wooden

strips which serve as supports. At the

bot-tom these extend an inch or so to

form legs which hold it up from the

floor. Inside at the lower edge is fast-

ened .a cone made of the Wire, fitting

neatly all around the circumference of
MAY 3", 1111.





the‘ trap. The tip of this cone is cut off

leaving a 'small ‘hole’ at its extremity. Ov-

er the top of...th’e trap, a tight-fitting cov-

er is placed, something that will prevent

the. 1111111110111 getting out once‘ they are

safely inside. , Place this arrangement

near the back door... scatter some sugar

orother attraction underneath and leave

it to do its work. .



This device is .not patented and is ver

effective. On a scaller scale these may

be used in the kitchen or elsewhere about

the house.





 





KEEPING THE FAMILY WELL.

BY E. M. KIES.



One of the wisest things I have been

able to do as head of the household “in

doors." is to watch for the first symp-

toms of illness, and take measures for re-

lief before the disease became seated.



I had a. home-made bath cabinet con-

structed with clothes bars. covered with

blankets, that I placed the patient in

when la grippe or pneumonia threatened.

“'ith the feet in a pan of hot water and

an oil heater burning, the temperature

would run very high and with the head

above the opening in the blankets, the

entire body would soon be drenched in

sweat and the head cool. After a hot

bath the body was sponged quickly with

cool water and the patient went to bed,

to awaken well on the road to recovery.

One shivery patient stuck his head un-

der the blankets to warm himself more

quickly, and as my back was turned on

the scene of action he fainted and fell off

the chair. I presume it was a hotter place

than he dreamed of inside the cabinet,

but no bad results followed.



Another member of the household, who

had deVeloped catarrh away from home

sleeping in an unveniilated room, was

soon restored by a change to a diet of

fruit and fruit juices. once a day, and

sleeping in a large room with open win-

dows, well covered and with soapstones

at his feet.



There is an old saying that at 45, one

is either a fool or a doctor. And there

are several grains of truth in this. After

an attack of illness one can sum up with

comparative accuracy the causes that

lead up to the attack even if they cannot

tell what is the matter. One member

had something much like a stroke of

apoplexy’ after a day of exposure, follow-

ing several days of heavy working and

careless eating. “'e drew the line on

similar circumStances. and insisted on

an ennema of hot water from a fountain

syringe, to clear the boWels, and resting

quietly, with very light diet for a few

days.



Hired help often have ailments that

can be cured in a single night, which, if

allowed to work their course. would cause

suffering and loss of valuable time when

help is sorely needed. One man ate

peaches for an entire day, While helping

me peel for canning and then after sup-

per took a cold bath. If I had stopped

the bath or given an emetic promptly I

come] have saved a week's sickness and

a doctor’s bill. Another man who worked

by the day and boarded at home was

prone to have evening attacks of “heart

trouble” that frightened the family and

sent me many a hurried mile after a doc-

tor. That was before the days of tele-

phones. Finally learning from the doctor

that there was no‘ organic trouble I

bought a few cents worth of bromide of

potassa and when an attack came on,

administered small doses occasionally for

an hour, when all would be well. “Then

the good wife was told that an over-

crowded stomach was pressing the heart,

she cooked lighter suppers and health be-

came the rule.





Life has become so complicated that,





without a knowledge of sanitation and

hygiene one can unconsciously run tre-

mendous risks. A neighbor living in town

had a farm in the. country, from which

she had daily supplies of milk, eggs,

fruit, butter, etc. The tenant had ty-

phoid. The milk was divided somewhere

in the tenant house, and a part taken to

town for the neighbor’s use. She made

a dainty custard of junket tablets. One

condition of its being a success was that

the milk should be only just warm, nev~

‘er scalded. The family partook as had

been their wont. Some days later the

married daughter, a college graduate and

a professional vocalist. became very ill

with typhoid, and died. Her husband

was also taken ill, but turvived. The

hired girl had a hard time, but lived. A

younger son lingered for weeks, finally

recovered. to succumb to 'consumption a

little later as a result of the fever. Yet

if this mother had understood the danger

and acted upon it all this might have

been spared.





1 11 1: M11; 111—11 .111 11.1 M 11-





.— It is utter folly to laugh at the germ-





theory, as many do, and any head‘ of a

household who neglects to take a good

health magazine and profit by the hints

she may gain, may pay the price in

sorrow. .



More is required of the home-maker

thanlof any college professor if she lives

up to all that she might in shaping home

conditions, so that the best thing. and

the. bent only, come into the lives of her

dear ones. Anything that makes her

life broader and acquaints her with the

latest results in science and health. is

cheap at any price.



The location of the Outhouse may spell





_ disaster to the household, and yet with





a few large galvanized pails and a barrel

of road dust it may be made safe. if

cleaned frequently. The well may tap a

stream that drains the barnyard and yet

be as clear and sparkling as nectar, and

as cold as ice and taste fine, too.. But

a still that costs a few dollars may stand

on the kitchen range and turn to steam

and condense to water again, all these

impurities being left out. Or the water

can be tested by a simple chemical proc-

ess that will show the organic matter

and reveal danger. Truly, “we are living,

we are dwelling in a grand and awful

time,” and the house mother must meas-

ure up to the times if she would do all

she wishes for her family.





EOME QUERIES.





Household Editorz~VVhat is the cause

of heavy bread?—Young Cook.



Heavy bread may be caused by using

too much water for the flour. poor yeast,

or not enough of it, or by not kneading

the bread enough or giving it enough

time to rise and bake. Think over how

you made your bread, and decide which

(if these things makes your bread sour.

Bread should be allowed to rise until it

has doubled its bulk, and should be bak-

ed for nearly an hour, or until the loaf

gives out a hollow sound when tapped

lightly on the top.



Household Editorz—ln boiling meat

should it be cooked fast or slow?—A. B.





Boiled meat is usually -best simmered.

Put the kettle on the back of the stove

and cook gently for a long time. In this

way the meat becomes tender and there

is not so much change no:- loss. In boiling

rapidly the water passes away in steam

and much of the good of the meat is

10st, which in slow cooking is retained in

the stock.





FASHlO—NS 13; MAY MANTON.





Our large FashiOn Book—containing 92

pages illustrating over 700 of the season’s

latest styles. and devoting several pages

to embroidery designs. will be sent to any

address on receipt of 10 cents.





 





 





 





 





 





Na. 7710—Bust supporting corset cover,

38 to 48 bust.



No. 7729—Infant’s nightgown, one size.

\Vith or without protective extension on

back with long or short sleeves.



No. 7742—Fanc-y yoke nightgown, small

34 or 36; medium 38 or 40; large. 42 to

44 bust. With straight or pointed sleeve

edges.



No. 7575—Chlld’s overalls or creeping

apron. one size.



No. 7719—Men’s

breast.



No. 7715—Infant’s empire dress, one

size. With long or short sleeves, with or

without trimming on skirt.



The above patterns will be mailed to

any address by the Fashion Department,

of the Michigan Farmer on receipt of

ten cents fur each. . \





pajamas, 34 to 46





 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





'—

The Cook-Stove





is the most used implement

on the farm, yet—





 





' All the old-time discomforts of the

cook-stove—its dirt, its ashes, its fill~

ing and refilling, its feverish heat,

its uncertain baking, its delays and

its expense—are now spared house-

wives who know the efficient.

economical





some farmers’ wives are content-and

some husbands are content to let them

—put up with the out-obdate, back-

breaking, ne rve racking, work -





making coal range, for washing and

ironing and cooking.





 

   





Oil Cook-stove





Uses oil. At two-thirds the cost of

gas and one-half the cost of gasoline.

Lights in a second. Intense blue

flame. No odor.



Write now and let us send full de-

scriptive booklet and give the name of

your near-by dealer who handles the

NEW PERFECTION and will gladly

demonstrate.





STANDARD OIL COMPANY

(AN INDIANA CORPORATION)





COOK BOOK 5

STANDARD on. COMPANY :

'cuo :



Please send me your 72-page Cook Book I

—-I enclose Sc in stamps for mailing. :

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Name ................. . .................... g

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R. ED ..................................... g

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Part-office .................................. I





 

 





 





 





 





CGhe only Roofing

Jou can afford to use





Face the roofing problem fairly and squarely.

Can you afford a roofing that requires constant

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roofing it is an expensive proposition in the long

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Roofing expense ends for all time when you use





 

   

   

 

 

 





 





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Comes in rolls, in flat sheets, and in built-u p form.



. . Sold direct if your dealer can’t supply you. Write our

nearest Branch for sample of the wonderful Asbestos Rock

and Book No. 2940





H. W. JOHNS-MANVILLE CO.





Albany Cincinnati (0 . Minneapolis Pittsburgh

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THE CANADIAN H. W. Jonss-kawus Co., Lian—Toronto, Montreal, Winnipeg, Vancouver. 9003





,RANGER mgICYCLES





ave puncture-proof tires. impor rampton roller chains. imported



English flanged sprockets. English featherweight steel mud guards. imported Brampton

pedals, motor style saddles. bars and grips, and other distinctive features sensed by no

1 other bicycle. No effort or expense has been spared to make the ‘Ranger" the

World‘s Best Bicycle. Improved factory methods and greatly increased output for

1913 enable us to make a. marvelous new price o1rer. Something very special to the first



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WE SHIP 0“ ‘PP OVAL without a cent in advance, to any person.anywhere

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gull“! ll

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Red Cross Dynamite





PPER view shows how big stumps are

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into indlin wood. At the same time.



subsoil is thoroug y broken up. creating the



est conditions for maturin crops. Lower



view is the $800-per-acre ce ery crop grow-



ing on former stump land. in less than a year

or c caring. ‘





FREE BOOKLET





Explains how to safely and profitably use

Red Cross Dynamite for blasting stumps and

boulders, tree planting. ditching, subsoiling.

excavating, road-building, etc. rite for

name of'nearest dealer. or expert blaster, and

Farmers Handbook No. 1 .





DU PONT POWDER CO.,

WilnfingtomDeL





Pioneer Powder Makers of America

Established '802





 





 





 





 





 





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“BETTER BUILDINGS” contains val-

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you how to secure the lowest rates of

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COMPANY

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V “in, '—

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. ' or t ay.

.11:- Jm; Fenders“





1.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





RANSPORTATION facilities alone



I will not grow farm produce; yet



it avails little to grow farm pro-

d’u’Fts without having the facilities for

marketing them. It is the purpose of

this series of articles to discuss the means

by which food products are taken from

the farmer to the consumer, and the cost

and effects of each step in the distribu-

tion of farm produce, in order to get a.

picture of what adaptations the middle

eastern farmers and the eastern cities

will have to make in order to meet ex-

isting conditions and methods.



The big fact that should never be lost

sight of by those interested in farms or

in consuming farm products is that the

farmers in the Atlantic states have at

their doors practically one-third of the

population of the United States. This

means that there should accrue to farm-

ers in these states certain definite advan-

tages over farmers farther to the west.

It is the purpose of this paper to get at

some of the factors in the price of farm

produce in order to determine whether

steps can be taken that will secure a rea-

sonable advantage due to their location

at the door of the largest urban popula-

tion of any sections of the country.



In getting at this question, the first

factor that must be clearly kept in mind

is that the prevailing prices on all farm

produce are made by nation-wide and, in-

deed, by international forces So far as

wholesale prices are concerned. the Mich-

igan farmer is competing, not only with

the farmers in each and every one of the

other eastern states, but with the farmers

of the newer and richer regions in the

Mississippi Valley and far weSt, and, in-

deed, with the farmers in Argentina,

South Africa, Europe, ASia, and in all

parts of the world. The place that the

Michigan farmer takes 01' can take in

shaping vvholosalenn'ices for farm pro-

duce is indeed very small. The forces by

which prices on farm products are thus

kept practically uniform throughout the

l'nited States and the commercial world

are fourfold: First, the practice known

as diversion of shipments; second, the

comparatively low cost of trans-conti-

nental and oceanic transportation; third,

the use of cold storage; and fourth, the

methods uscd in arriving at market quo-

tations on farm products.



Influence of Diversion of Shipments.



The large place that interstate freight

transportation plays in mobility of trans-

portation of food stuffs and in getting





 





articles from all states and all parts of

the world to places where there is the

greatest local demand for them is re-

vealed by the fact that the receipts from

freight transportation in the year 1910

alone totaled 351.418.000.000. The grand

total is due, not to the fact that the rate

of transportation on any given product is

relatively high (for a bushel of wheat

may be sent from Chicago to New York

by lake or by canal for a. little over five

cents. and by all rail for but a fraction





 





 





over nine cents), but to the vast amount

of freight tranSported. This dev010pment

of intra-stute, inter-state and transconti-

nentul freight has placed the Kansas 01‘

Colorado farmer much nearer to Phila-

delphia than the farmers of Harrisburg

were a quarter of a century ago.

Moreovm'. a custom has arisen whereby

the advantage that might otherwise come

to the local eastern farmer, due to in-

creased demand or shortage of supply in

the neighboring farms, is overcome by

the facility with which farm products

from any section of the country may be

sent, even after transit has started to a

point offering a more favorable market.

This method is called diversion of ship-

ment or selling in transit. If a. car of

cattle, for instance, is consigned from a

Kansas shipping point to Chicago, it may,

by telegram, be unloaded and placed on

sale at Kansas City or at Omaha, should

prices at either of these places indicate

greater returns from the probable, price

upon arrival at Chicago. Grain billed

through from the Nebraska or Minnesota

farm to points in the middle west or to

Philadelphia, and other coastwise points

may be, by telegram, diverted on almost

any day, to any other point in the United

States. Thus, should prices be higher for

any reason in Pittsburg or in Harrisburg

or in Philadelphia, the car w0uld be di-

rected to that point in lieu of going on

to Chicago or to New York or to Boston

or other points where the local prices

were not so high. That is, in the days of

the telegram the. Pennsylvania, producer,





Distributing Food Products.





By PROF. CLYDE L. KING.





because of his location near the larger

cities, or because of a local stringency in

supply, would have little advantage over

the Kansas producer, so far as the whole-

sale price is concerned.



The selling in transit plan is used in

shipping fruit by rail from California or

other southern or southwestern points.

Two of the diversion points most fre-

quently used are Council Bluffs, 1a., andl

a point known as Minnesota Transfer, a,

freight yard between St, Paul and Min-

neapolis. A car of fruit or vegetables en

route from a southern state may be sent

on order, to Potomac Yard, a freight

transfer point on the Potomac River, op-

posite Washington, D. C., or at some oth-

er diversion point. At each of these di-

version points, a representative of the

commission firm, be the firm a New York,

a. Chicago or a Pittsburgh firm, opens the

cars, inspects the contents, and reports

the results by telegraph or telephone to

the commissiOn office which. in the mean-

time, is keeping iISelf well informed of





 





 





 





market conditions in all of the different

cities of the United States. The

at the diversion point then receives 01‘-

ders as to the final destination of the car.

Typical diversion points for such ship-

ments are Kansas City, St. Louis and

Chicago. Hence, if there is a scarcity of

fruit and vegetables in any city in Penn—

sylvania, and prices there seem most

favorable. the car is ordered to that

point, and any advantage that might ac-

crue to the local farmer due to his loca-

tion is largely, if 110i wholly, lost.



A similar method is used in diverting

trans-oceanic shipments to points Where

higher wholesale prices may be secured.

For instance, a cargo of wheat, corn.

barley or other farm produce is thus con-

signed “for orders" to some port in the

British Isles. such as Queenstown or Ply-

mouth. .»\ftcr the vessel starts, the ex—

porter tries to secure a purchaser zit the

best available market. l‘pon arrival at

port of first destination, the vessel re-

ceiVes orders to embark :it once for a

given port where sale has been made.

\\'lien it is remembered that the United

States exports yearly from seven to 28'

per cent of its domestic grown wheat (on

an average 25 per cent), and Wm to 10

per cent (on an average of five per cent)

*of its domestic grown corn, it will be

seen what this method means in the way

of securing the most favorable price for

farm produce and in making the price on

foodstuffs practically a. world price. This

method applied to incoming fruits from

our southern ports will deprive the local

eastern fruit or produce grower of any

advantage that may accrue to him as a-

result of greater local demand or a de-

creased lOCIll supply.

High Local and Law



Rates.



A second factor in fixing a nation-wide

price on farm products is the relatively

small cost of interstate transportation as

compared with the high cost of local

transportation. It costs the United

States seventy—three million dollars an-

nually to haul its produce for only 12 of

its main crops from farm to shipping

point. The! average cost of hauling a

ton of farm produce per mile is from 25

cents up. That is. if the Michigan farmer

has to haul a great distance, or does not





 





Interstate Freight





have at hand adequate transportation

facilities, his transportation charges will

readily amount to more than the total





transportation charges of the Kan-

Colorado farmer who sells in the

some market. The average cost of haul—

ing produce from farms to shipping

points in the United States as a. whole

ranges from seven to 44 cents per 100

pounds, with an average of 11 cents. The

mean rate on grain. flour and provisions,

through from Chicago to Liverpool by all

rail to seaboard, and. thence by steamer,

is 19 cents per 100 pounds, and if brought

by lake and canal to the seaboard, and

thence to Liverpool by steamer, the rate

is not far from 15 cents per 100 pounds.

That is, it costs but four cents per cwt.

more to get farm produce from Chicago

to Liverpool than it does to get it from

the farm to the shipping point. In other

words, in fixing nation—wide. market quo-

tations on farm produce, this disadvan-

tage of the western farmer because of

his distance from the market is slight,

indeed, so far as transportation from a

shipping point to market is concerned. In

this field, the only advantage that the

eastern farmer can secure over his west-

ern competitOr, therefore, is in decreasing





i'uil

HIS 01‘





l





 





MAY, 37.1913; . A





snmsns' iii’iiscrofif. fl

CATTLE. ‘





—Horses. cattle, sheep. swine‘andl

For sale poultry, nearly all breeds. Sires





. 8 th West Miohi an Pedigreod Stock,

32221;? eiiivid Vgldodinsn. Seo'y.- reas..Paw Paw.Mioh.





Aberdeen-An us. .





Herd. consisting of Trojan Ericas. B ackbirds and

Prides. oni . is headed by Egerton W. the GRAND

CHAMPIO bull at. the State. West Michigan and

Ba City Pairs of 1912 and the sire of winners at these

Falls and at INTERNATIONAL, Chicago, of.

1912. WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionia. Mich





GUERNSEY BULL CALVES,

YORKSHIRE PIGS. Good Stock.





 





‘ HICKS GUERNSEY PARII. Saginaw, W. 8.. Mich.





.IUEBNSEV BULL GAL

013845.? 604 1





 





-Six dams have



yearly records

22. . 518. 44 418 lbs. of butter respectively.

bargain prices. G. L. WIGENT. Watervliet, Mich.





B ll . read for service. Large

10 no" Guernseg Ygrksshire yhogs. the best _.vet

Come or write. J HN EBELB. R. 0. Holland. Mich.

GUERNSEYS—Bull calves. rez.. tuberculin tested. Splen-





did breeding. Moderateprices. Windamoro Farrn.\\'ster-

viiet. Mich. J, K. Blatchford, Auditorium Tower, Chicago. lll.





seafront) BULLS roii SAL A... Poland





 





China Hogs.

LLEN 131108.. Paw Paw. Michia’an.





HATCH HERD HolSTEINS‘i‘li‘é’ifiifiiif’siiZ‘i?

enable prices. HATCH HERD. Ypsilanti. Michigan.

HOIOE Bull Calves from A, R. O. dams. Sired by





our herd sire whose dam and aire's dam each made

over 30 lbs. in 7 days E. R. Cornell, Hou‘eil. Mich.





 





ill FEW CHO“? fif’”‘s‘i‘x’i""ff‘”fi‘.383‘ 3232?:





agent .





GREGORY &. BORDEN. Howell. Michigan.





FOR SALE—HOLSTEIN Bllll. CALF





Born June 5, 1912 sire a son of the KingDof the

Pontiaos from a daughter of Hengerveld ‘ eKol.

Dam of calf. an . . . daughter of Sadie Vale

Concordia's Paul DeKol, her darn amlb. imported cow.



ED. 8. LEWIS. Marshall. Mich.





OLSTEIN BULLS—well bred, at reasonable prices.

HBarred Rook Chickens from 15 years breeding. Good

W. B. Jones. Oak Grove, Mich.





 





 





 

 





Purebred Registered





layers eggs 15 for $1.



ill OLSTEIN CATTLE

f'l’ The Greatest Dairy Breed



Sand for FREE Illustrated Bookish



Holstein-Friction. Asso.. Box I64, Brattleboro.Vt-





“Top-Notch” Holsteins.





Yearling bulls all sold. Choice bull calves from 2 to

7mo.oi , _of fashionable breeding and from dams

with oflicial .milk and butter records for sale at

reasonable prices.





Mopuasou nuns co.. Howell. Michigan.





Holstein Bulls





3 to 8 months old,





$75 to $300





Don’t buy until you get our

pedigrees and prices.





LONG BEACH FARMS,





Augusta, Kalamazoo Co., Mich.





Service Bulls and Bull calves





Sired by Johanna Gorcortlla Champion,





whose sire's dam and dam’s dam average 34.06

lbs. butter in 7 days. average fat 4.67 % Also cows

and heifers bred to him. I can offer you bulls at

bargain prices. Try me and see, and do it quick.





L. E. CONNELL,

Fayette. - - -





Bigelow’s Holstein Farms





Breedsvillo, Mich.

Have for sale several fine young

bulls out of cows with high official

butter and milk records.



Send for circular.





FAIR. LAWN FARM





Offers the following young





iiolsiein Friesian Bull





Prince Sarcastic—





Fine in form and breeding. Beautifully marked.

Sure to please you.





REED '5‘ KNOWLES. Howell, Mich.

REGISTEREI) "MSTHN -HOBART W.FAY.





. Mason. Michigan.

Farm right in the City. Only few minutes from Jackson

and Lansing. electric cars from both Cities every hour.





 

 





 





 





Ohio.





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





Butter Profits





You ought to get more butter

profits. Jersey Cattle mean

more butter profits. because

they yield more butter fat at

less net cost of keep than any

other breed.





THE JERSEY





excels in beauty of dairy type. She is a

persistent mllker. Jerssyaare easily accli-

mated. They live long and tree healthy.

They mean steady butter ro ts. Write

now for Jersey facts. Free or the asking.

“8310A! 1333!! OAI'I'LB 01.03

824 w. 88d It. New York





   

   

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 





 





 





BUTTER BRED “Eggfi‘éffnl‘l‘s

CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Silver Creek. Allegan County. MlchiganJ





(Continued on next page.)
:MAY 3, “1913.





his cost of hauling to a shipping point

and in more skillfully sorting and other-

wise adapting his output to peculiar lo-

cal needs.



Effect ‘of Cold Storage.



The third factor in making for a. na-

tion-wide wholesale price on farm pro-

duce is cold storage. The butter pro-

duced in June and July is held for sale

during January and February. <ggs laid

during the early spring months are held

for sale during the winter months of the

year following. The risk in cold storage

is due to the. fact that the period of

greatest scarcity, January and February.

is followed so closely and abruptly by the

period of maximum supply, and by the

uncertainty of the time of this change

owing to the influence of the weather.

This makes for stability of prices not

only for one locality as compared with

another, but for one season as com-

pared with another, and hence again ,the

natural advantage of the eastern farmer

is counterbalanced by the greater fertil-

ity and productiveneSS in other regions.

Eggs can, under proper refrigeration, be

brought from a farm six days distant by

fast freight to a city in better condition

than the eggs brought in on a warm day

from a farm six or ten miles from the

city. From November to February is the

period of short supply and high prices.

\Vithout cold storage the dairy business

would have to be recognized.



Influence of Crop Reports.



The fourth factor making for. fluidity

and acceleration, and thus for nation—

wide stability in market prices for farm

products, is the method by which crop

reports are issued. It is upon the basis

of these reports that the produce ex—

changes in the'primary markets of the

United States base their prices, both on

current productions and on futures. In-

formation as to crop conditions is secured

by the Bureau of Statistics of the United

States Department of Agriculture—the

most highly organized crop reporting de-

partment in the world. This Bureau has

about 50 statisticians and clerks in the

city of \Vashington, 15 to 20 special trav-

eling reporting agents outside of “'ash-

ington, a state agent paid for part of his

time in each state of the Union, 3.000

county correspondents. and 30.000 town-

ship and voluntary correspondents, giv—

ing voluntary service as crop reporters.

The Bureau thus secures at least four

classes of reports as to acreage, condi-

tions, etc., of each group.



The reports by the state agents and

by the special traveling agents are sent

directly to the Secretary of Agriculture.

and deposited in a safe until the crop—

reportlng board meets on a stated crop-

reporting day. The reports from county

and township correspondents are sent to

the Statistical Bureau, Where they are

assembled and averaged. The summar-

ized results are placed in the secretary's

safe until the crop-reporting board is in

session. On what is known as report

day, the statistician, with four assistant

statisticians and agents. receives the four

classes of reports in a meeting behind

closed doors. From these four classes of

reports, the board arrives at state aver-

ages and totals, and national averages

and totals as to crop conditions, includ—

ing the leading facts as to acreage and





condition of each crop in each and

every locality. At a stated hour, this

report is sent world-wide by telegraph





and telephone. The primary markets,

such as. New York, Chicago and New

Orleans, use these reports as a basis for

market prices. To this national crop re-

porting agency is now being added an in-

ternational crop reporting agency. It is

proposed that this agency have head-

quarters at ROme, in the new Interna-

tional Institute of Agriculture, which has

already a Bureau of Agricultural Statis-

tics collecting world-wide data and sup—

plying these facts to the 49 adhering

countries. This would make a world-

round stable price for all farm products.



Each of the great produce exchange

concerns has also its own crop reporting

agents at work, not only in this country

but in all other countries as well. Thus

prices of farm products are based on

crop conditions, not only in every section

of the United States, but in every section

of the world. Thevinfiuence of local pro-

d'uction in any given state in the Union,

that is, in fixing prices, is relatively

small.



It would be difficult to over-emphasize

the far-reaching effect of these four

agencies of food distribution upon the

value- of Michigan farms, upon the Out-

put-or these farms,‘ upon the prices re-

ceived by Michigan'farmers and upon

the prices paid by the city consumer. It

is their perfection and extensive use that

have-made it possible for Iowa farms to



' ———’W—~— .





 





T-H-E MICHIGAN FARMER





increase $2,600,000.000 in value, from 1&90

to 1910. while Pennsylvania farms, in the

same period, increased but $200,000,000.

Through their 'development and use, the

western farmers and the farmers of

South America and Russia have been

made as potent a factor in fixing the

price of farm products in Michigan as

are the Michigan farmers themselves. Of

the potatoes eaten in Philadelphia, more

are grown in Russia than in Pennsyl-

vania. This is brought about by the de-

velopment of oceanic shipments. By the

time the output in Pennsylvania or-

chards, gardens and farm is marketable,

the city consumers throughout the Com—

monwealth have long been supplied with

exactly those articles, at relatively slight

transportation costs, and with little de—

terioration, from Texas, Florida and oth-

er southern fields, orchards and gardens,

and Pennsylvania farmers do not get, as

they once did, "early .market" prices.



There have been two unfortunate ef-

rects from this national development:

(1) the city conSumer has lost sight of

the value of a prosperOus surrounding ag-

ricultural community, and (2) means of

local distribution have been over-empha-

sied. The last half of the nineteenth cen—

tury has been characteried by a phenom-

enal perfection of national agencies for

distributing farm products economically

and directly to the best wholesale mar-

kets. Can the early twentieth century

perfect a system of local distribution at

all comparable in its effectiveness to this

national system?



(The above is the first of a series of

articles by Prof. King based largely upon

a study of controllable factors in the dis-

tribution of farm produce. made under

the direction of Mayor Blankenburg, of

Philadelphia. It is the good fortune of

our readers to have the privilege of care-

fully reading these contributions which

shOuld aid in getting men to view the

problems of marketing with greater in-

telligence and broader sympathiesE—Eds.)





 





APPLE PUBLICITY CAMPAIGN.





 





A movement is on for the general ad-

vertising of apples as a fruit that should

enter more largely into consumption by

the American people. Apple distributors

from all parts of the country are partici-

pating in the scheme. They feel confi-

dent that the work will be of value not

only to the trade, but also to the pro-

ducer inasmuch as agitation should per-

haps even double the quantity of apples

used in the country. The promoters of

the scheme point to the advantages gain-

ed to the citrus fruit business by a well

planned advertising program, and they

are confident that under proper manage-

ment a similar scheme fitted to the mer-

its of the apple should bring equally as

desirable results to the latter fruit.





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





 





Ottawa 00., April 21.--For the past

week the weather has been dry, and so

cold that ice has formed on water every

night, this proving a setback to wheat

and clover. A number of acres of oats

have already been sown. and during the

coming week, a good share of them Will

be sown in this section, if dry enough to





work. The disk barrow is coming into

favor more every year, so that now but

little plowing is done for oats on corn





stubble land. A good warm rain at the

present time would start everything grow-

ing in fine shape. The agitation of the

tariff has caused wool to drop to 150 per

pound. This will discourage many farm—

ers, so that they will go out of the sheep

business, because wool cannot be grown

for 15c on land that is as valuable as it

is in this section. Young pigs four and

live weeks old are selling for $4 each, and

breeding sows from $2.") to $35.



Livingston 00., April 20,—The weather

has been more favorable of late and farm—

ers are pushing their work along rapidly.

Not many oats sown yet, but the next

few days will see them go in rapidly.

This being a dairy section farmers are

beginning to realize the necessity of a.

succulent feed in the ration for their

cows and as a result there will be more

silos erected this year than ever before.

Help is very scarce and wages asked are

almost prohibitive and as a result farm-

ers are investing more and more in labor

saving tools. HorSes are higher than

ever, good ones bringing from $200 to

$300. Not much produce going to market

at present.



Ohio.



Wayne 00., April 21.—The spring has

been very cold and wet. It began rain-

ing on March 23 and rained for three days

and nights, causing a great flood in all

low lands,.and drizzled on for three weeks

with but little sunShine. The flood caused

a great deal of damage, driving some

people out of their homes. At this writ-

ing the weather has moderated somewhat

and farmers are busy with plowing and

some sowing oats. The ground is still

pretty heavy and soggy. Wheat looking

fair. New seeding has stood the winter

good. Pasture is growing slow, it not

being in condition for stock to be turned

on yet. Stock in general came through

the winter in good shape. Eggs, ‘15c.





 





 





Jack of All Trades

Kerosene Engines





More





 





Kerosene (Coal Oil) can usually be

bought for less than half the price of

gasoline and a Jack of All Trades

Engine will develop as much power

on a gallon of kerosene as on a gallon

of gasoline.





Why Buy Gasoline?





Besides their great economy these en-

gines are ’easy to handle, safe, strong,

durable. Always ready for service. Every

one guaranteed. Sold at remarkably low

prices for high grade engines.



2, 4 and 6 h. p. Horizontal: also 2, 4 and

6 h. p. Vertical. Other types up to 500 h. p.



Write for Catalog No.DT 601





Fairbanks, Morse & Co.





Chico: :Dotrolt

Fairbanks Scales, all and Gasoline-Engines, Pumps. Water

Systems: Elecirlc tight Plants, WindmlllsfFeed Grinders





.elsuomm





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 





 





   





'IllllIIHHHIIIIIIHIIII‘





 





PRESSURE on ' =3:

THE roar LEVER “”515";

T , / J33





     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





or u: . / _

KRAUS 'l'l’fi CULTIVATO

moves both wheels and shovels instantly to the right or

left. 18 Zuldcd and held in position entirely by the two

foot levers attached to the pivotal axles making it unequal-

ed for working in crooked rows, and avoiding cnd hills.

Cultivate: on Hillside: as easy as on

' level Ground

Width between gangs and depth of shovels regulated

without. stopping The KRAUS cultivates thoroughly

where rigid axle cultivators cannot be used. Operates

easily. The horses furnish the power-ail the driver

needs to do is to steer.»





 

 

 

 





Built for Wear and Work.



Made in high and low wheel and

Kraus Pivot gang. Also Clipper

Hammock Sent. Steel frame.

Malleablc iron castings. Simple

in construction. least number of

parts and all easy to get at. Noth-

ing to ct out of order. Ask for

the KB US; accept no other.

Write us for free catalogue.

AKRON CULTIVATOR 00.

Dept. 65 AKRON, Olll





17—553





Dairy Bred ShorthornS‘iizsg‘i’;

at present. J. B. HUMMEL. Mason. Michigan,





' —Ln C “21 H Milk 0

“I"! Slimlhoms Mili‘fieozrdfof :fi‘giws keegz.





No stock for sale at present.

W. W_ KNAPP. H. No. 4. Watervliet. Mich.





Scotch Shorlhorn Bulls and Holler: For Sale.





W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.

SHEEP.





REGISTERED HAMPSHIRES s

1 fine Ham. 3 Ewes i9. 3 Lambs. all for

C. D. WOODBURY, Lansing, Mich.

Article sent. free





“BREED UP YOUR SHEEP" ,0 an). “1de

pARSONS, iiT’ltfofs'l‘f" Man of the East."





rand Ledge. Mich.

Hog. Ramobuilloi Sheep. Pure Brod Poland China





HUGS and PERCHERON HORSES. 2% miles

E. Mon-toe. on G. '1‘. R. R. and M. U. R. J.Q. A. COOK.





SHROPSHIRES G DUROCS





KOPE-KON FARM. Kinderhook. Michigan





“00$.





' ' —A Desirable Bunch of Sowa of

Dumas & “Gloria: Either Breed due April and May.

M. T. Story, R. R. 48 Lowell. Mich. City Phone 55.





BERKSHIRES





stock. ELMHURS



' ' ' —Best breeding: best; ty 8.

OWCM "alarm: Berkshlr” Satisfaction guaranteped

or money refunded. 0. S. BARTLETT. Pontiac, Mich.





BERKSHIRE BOAR PIGS





Short of room and will sell fall boars at. $15 to $26 for

quick notion. J. W. CLAPP. Novi. Michigan.





CHESTER WHITE '58“ AN“





_ , AUGHT-

ERS of CHAMPIONS and GRNAD CHAMP-

IONS. S rin pifi now weaned and ready for ship-

ment. B NNIEB AE FARM. Algonao, Michigan.





 





 





 





Choice spring boars and elite.

riced to move quick. Farmers

STOCK FARM. Almont. Mich,





-Essex pigs, 6 to 8 months old, from

For sale Michigan’s oldest herd. Save money by

buying while youn . Send for catalog and low

prices. E. P. 0L VER, 804 Oak St... Flint. Mich.





0 I 0 —Big growthy type. last fall gilts and this



- . 0 spring furrow to oiIer. Very good stock.



Scott No. 1 head of herd. Farm 36 mile west. of depot,

OTTO B. SCHULZE. Nashville. Mich.





0. I. C. SWINE riceon Spring





Pigs. airs and trios. not akin. ave a number

of sorvxce males of good lays? Write me describing

of your wants. A. J. COR N. R. No. 2 Dorr. Mich.





Write me for





O

50" WEIGHED 932 LBS. -

A 23 MONTHS O D . i





E

IONIA GIRL





I have started more breeders on the road to suc-

cess than any man living. I have thelargest and fin-

est herd in the U. 8. Every one an early developer,

ready for the market at six months old. I wont to

£1300 one hog in each community to advertise my



erd. Write for my plan,“How to Make Money from



.3088.” 0. 8. BENJAMINJLNoJ 0 Portland. Mlo'h.





 





 





   





and Save Big Money





Send for amazing low

factory-price on enuine

Edwards Steel ingles.

The beat. wood shingles

an repared rooting 8

MIL . yet. cost much less.

And we pay freight 1





Edwards Shingles





are guaranteed rust-proof. fire-proof. lightning-proof and

weather-proof—due to our famous Tightcote Process. Na

painting, no patching, no hiring mechanics-can‘t] man can

quickly lay them. Made in big sheets ready to put on over old

roof or sheathing. Every Edwards root is guaranteed against

lightning by a $10,000 Guaranty Bond. Over 100,000 Edwards

roofs in U. 5. Made by biggest sheet-metal maker in the world.

Postal sent. now brings Catalog 567 and Special Factory

Prices by return mail. Give size of roof it you can. (83)





The Edwards Mfg. 00.. 517-567 lock St., Cincinnati. 0.





Power-house on wheels





Carries its own line shaft, pulleys belt tight-

ener and Pump Jack. Equal to any Job anywhere,

at my desired speed.





GILSON W





Engines deliver 100% service. Useful in more

-. . - ways than any other engine. Gil-



son Engines range from 1

to 27 lip—coat. 032.60 u .

W r i t e or



particulars.





Gilsoangm.

I v“ 64 Park St.

“If. Port Wash-

' (at: ington, Wis.





   





 





   





 

 

 

 

 





‘—





 

 





 





 





 





 





—Black grade Percheron Stallion will be

For sale three years old in June. in thrifty grow-

ing condition and now wei he 17 . Will make a

ton horse. KARL WOHLBE G, Port Huron. Mich.





Breeders’ Directory—Continued.

FOR SAL —JERSEY BULL CALF.





ready forlifiht service, from

high class ancestry. WATERM





WATERMAN AN,

Meadowland Farm, .D. 6. Ann Arbor. Mich,





 





' —Registered Jersey Cattle. tuberculin test.-

Forlsale ed: bulls and bull calves: heifer and heifer

calves; cows with Register of Merit and Cow Testing

Association records. IRVIN FOX. Allegan. Mich.





 





Extra choice bred gilts, service boars

and spring piss. not akin from State

Avondale Stock Farm. Wayne. Mich.





O. I. 0.





Fair winners.

0 I G’s—all sold. Orders booked for Apr'i

' ' and Maypigsof thechoicestbrocdlng.

C. J. THOMPSQN. Rockford, Michigan

, — .-

0. l. 5. All soldhvnll book orders for





March pigs.

ALBERT NEWMAN. Mariette. Michigan

ins pairs and





0 l C’s—Bred sows. March

0 0 tries. Buff Rock 828 8150 per 15.

FRED NICKEL R. 1. Monroe. Michigan.





0 C —Regist.e_rd Boar, 2‘25 lbs. A few



. 0 0 bred gilts of extra quality.



GEO. P. ANDREWS, Dansville. Ingham 00.. Mich.

9 —All



00 I. C s ready,a





es. growthy and large. Males

001:0 select from. Attractive ricee



on young smell. H. H. JUMP. Munith. lc .

”UROC_JERSEYS—Fall and Spring boars from

prize-winning strains. Bows

all ages. SPECIAL BARGAIN in summer pigs.

Brookwater Farm. .D. No. 7. Ann Arbor. Mich,

—Fanc.\‘ fall ilts forsale.





MILES ILL SOLD BUT 0" JOHN . 1.1.100”,





Station A, Bay City. Mich. Route 4. Box 8 .





 





 





 





DURUCS BRED SQWS all sold. Service Boers $40

to 350. January pigs ‘12 to 815, either sex. Satisfac-

tion guaranteed. F. B. Cook. Route 2, Stanwood. Mich.





DUROC JERSEYS—IRE!) GILIS FOR SALE.





CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings. Michigan.

DUHOG JERSEY Gills-18.53%.59' ii‘hieuifl 3&2“.

I pay the express. J. H. BANGHART. Lansing, Mich.





—B W

MILAN” CHINAS 333‘. Eifii‘i'iefin‘iiiflfi‘é’:





Prices right. \ W. J. HAG-ELSHAW. Augusta, Mich.





Buller’s Big Bone Poland chinas





We have a few nlce fall boars, also some blg sows

bred for fall fan-ow. Our hogs are all cholera proof.

J. C. BUTLER. Portland. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





Big Type Poland china Pigs are; sits... ii“



Rocks, 51 per 15. ROBERT NEVE, Pierson. Micii'. '

Large Type P. B.‘hi‘§8iif't.lii.°h.i§:.3‘ fifth?

and Oct. pigs that. have size. bone and quality. Writé





your wants or come and see. Expenses paid if not as re-

presented. Free livery. W.E. Livingston.Parma.Mioh.





PolAND CHINAs—Either sex. all ages. Some-

P. D. LONG. R. No. thGui'gngioogaaids? 33$?ng

P. C. MARS AND SOWS‘L‘}"°iii'$i‘nilE%‘l





A. A. WOOD & SON. Saline. Michigan.





 





Lillie Farmstead Jerseys

(Tuberculin tested. Guaranteed free from Tuber-

culosis.) Several good bulls and bull calves out of

good dairy cows for sale. No females for sale at

present. Satisfaction crammed"



COLON C. . Coononvulo. Mich.





Jors.ys—guol‘lli‘ll 03:12” At?! service. bred for

. d h

Breakwater Farm. . . D. No.91?AnncowsAai-rll>or, Migho.





Scflch & SWIM! I." Bull calves 4 to 7 months old,





also oun cows d he'fe

bred to Bright. Sultan. W. Kylie UILLAIin. Chillso:

Mich, )1 mile E. of Davis Crossing on A. A. B. R.





 





 





 





 





LARGE Yorkshires~Cholce breeding stock. all seen.

not akin. from State Fair prize-winners. Pedi-

grees furnished. W. 0. COOK. R. ‘2 Box 22.Ade. M‘ch.





MAMMOTH YORKSHIRES‘Ifi‘iZ‘i‘i‘Z" Pei?" ififi‘lTJSg





furnished. CRIBBS BROS. Watervliet. Mich gen.





illllo Farmstead YllllKSlllllEs





Spring bred slits all sold. Gilt- bred for next August I

feign-om. Sogtelnber pigs either sex. pairs and tries

no a n.





rdero bo ted f i i .

COLON c. L‘iLLideSJ-‘hiie. Mich





 





\
e

p

i



\





0: cat's-2-3%





. No. 2 corn was 82c per bu.





 





5541—18





EIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|||Il|IIllIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIQ





_ Markets.





   

   





 





GRAINS AND SEEDS.





April 30, 1913.





Wheat—Although prices have been de-

pressed somewhat during the past week,

the conditions influencing the wheat mar-

ket are essentially the same as seven

days ago. The bearish news comes large-

ly from this side. while the strong fea-

tures of the market are supported from

abroad. Reports of crop conditions in

the states continue very flattering and

promise a record breaking crop. The

only disturbing element at the present

time is a few minor reports of the Hes—

sian fly and chinch bug in the far south-

west. It must be remembered, however,

that much damage can come to the

growing crop between now and harvest

time. In fact, the depredations ofinsect

pests usually show up more prominently

a little later in the seaSOn than at pres-

ent. This possibility, with the strong for-

eign position of the market, makes hold-

ers of wheat hopeful of the immediate

future trend of the market being favor-

able to sellers. The foreign strength is

due to the competition of England and

the continent for cargoes from the west-

ern hemisphere, the probability of war

between Austria and Montenegro, the re-

duction of the exports from Argentine

and to the immincnce of a general strike

in the South American country which is

likely to tie up transportation facilities

there. No. 2 red wheat was sold on the

local market a year ago at $1.18 per bu.

Detroit quotations for the past week are

as follows:





NO. 2 No. 1



Red. White. May. July

'l‘hursda‘y . . . .1.09 1.08 1.09 94%

.IPriday ....... 1.09 1.08 1.09 941/2

Saturday ..... 1.08 1.07 1.08 94

Monday ...... 1.08 1.07 1.08 94

Tuesday ...... 1.073’ 1.06% 1.07% 93%

\\'ednesday 1.07% 1.06% 1.07% 9334





Chicago, (April 29).-No. 2 red wheat,

$1.073.“ May, 981m; .luly, 921,3,0 per bu.



New York, (April 29l.—No. 2 red wheat

$1.13 f. o. b. afloat: May, $1.007“ July,

331.00%; Sept, 990 per bu.



Corn—This deal is slightly weaker than

seven days ago and quotations show a.

fractional decline. The influence of wheat

was undoubtedly the greatest factor in

effecting the change since there exists

a normal demand and the receipts at pri-

mary elevators are very light, due to the

busy season on the farms which prevents

farmers drawing grain «to the market.

On Tuesday. Liverpool showed strength

and helped support the bull side of the

trade. One year ago the local price for

Detroit quo-





tations for the past week are as follows:



No. 3 N0. 3



Cox n. Yellow.

Thursday .............. . . . 57 5

Friday . . . . . ...... . ........ 57 58

Saturday ................. 561/3 571/2

Monday ................... 561,6 571/2

Tuesday .................. 561/6 571/;

\Vednesday . . . . . .......... 57 58



Chicago, (April 29).~‘May, 55c; July,



55-3.;c; Sept, 561/2c per bu.





Oats—This grain rules about steady

with last week, the quotations on Tues—

day being identical with those on the

same day of the previous week. Locally

there is only a small volume of oats

changing hands and the elevators here

report only 28,330 bu., Tuesday as com-

pared with 82.065 bu. on the same day a

year ago. The delayed seeding is abull-

ish factor. The price for standard oats

for this date in 1912 was 63c per bu. Quo-





tations for the past week are as follows:

No. 8



Standard. White.



Thursday ................. 381A; 37%:



Friday ................... 381/2 371/2

Saturday ................. 38 37

Monday ................... 38 37

Tuesday .................. 3 37



Wednesday .............. 381,6 371/2



Chicagti. (April 29l.—May oats, 3464c;





July, 3436c: Sept., 341,60 per bu.



Beans—Bean values have advanced an-

other 5c during the past week. There is

scarcely anything doing in the deal. no

reports of transactions being noted on

the local market. Immediate. prompt and

May shipments are now quoted at $2.10

per bu. at country points.



Chicago, (April 29).~“The margin of

bean values has narrowul down during

the past week. The best grades have

declined slightly, while the poorer kinds

are up a little. Pea beans, hand-picked,





fancy, are quoted at $2.35602.40: choice,

$2.30612.35: prime. 55220617225; red kid—

neys, $1.906I‘2: white kidneys, $2.50 per

bbushel.



Clover Seed—The demand for seed

from country places has subsided and

there is practically nothing doing upon





this market. Values are maintained at

last week’s level. Cash seed, spot is

quoted at $13.25 and prime alsike at $13

per bushel.



Tolcdo, (April 29).—Spot clover has

been marked up 50 the past week. the

present quotation being $13.45; October

is quoted at $7.50; alsike is 10c higher

at $13.20 per bu.



Timothy Seed.—-The only change in the

quotation for prime timothy seed that

has occurred in some time happened this

week when an advance of 5c was noted,

30 bags having sold at $1.75 per bu.



Rye.——-The demand for rye from country

loading points and distilleries continue

and the price shows an advance for the

week of 1%c; No. 2 rye now being quot-

ed at 6415c per bu.



Barley.——(Milwaukee).—-'Malting brand

is selliu ”on the local market here at





'52@70c er bu., as to ‘quality.





EIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIII||l||||Ill|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHII“WINE. ]





 





THE-"(MI 6 HI 6 A N FW-A R ME R”





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





Flour.—Jobblng lots in 1,5 paper sacks

lbs. as follows: Best patent, $5.50; see-

are selling on the Detroit market per 196

0nd, $5.20; straight, $5; spring patent,

$5.10: rye flour, $4.60 per bbl.



Feed.—Detroit jobbing prices in 100-

b. sacks are as follows: Bran, $21;

coarSe middlings, $21; fine middlin-gs, $27;

cracked corn, $22.50; coarse corn meal,

$22.50; corn and oat chop, $21 per ton.



Hay.———Ch0ice grades higher; others are

steady. Carlots on track at Detroit

are: No, 1 timothy, $14.50@15; No. 2,

$126013; tight mixed, $13.50@14; N0. 1

mixed, $126013 per ton.



Chicago—Prices are off since a week

ago. Choice timothy, $16@17.50 per ton;

No. 1, $146015: No. 2 and No. 1 mixed,

3512506013350; No 3 and No. 2 mixed, $10

6012; clover, $7.506012.50.



Straw.——Steady. Carlot prices on wheat

and oat straw on Detroit market are $8

8.50 per ton, rye straw, $96010 per ton.



Chicago—All grades steady with last

week. Rye, $850609; wheat, straw, $6.50

607; oat straw, $7607.50 per ton.





DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.



Butter.—The break in values which has

been expected for some time came at

,this week’s opening when Elgin declined

3c. “'hile at most points receipts show

some increase they are not in excess of

those for same period a year ago, and the

sharp decline is in part ascribed to the

large proportion of under—grade product

incident to the “between hay and grass”





 





season. Dairies and packing goods are

unchangedvin the local market. Detro1t

jobbing prices ' rule as follows: Fancy





creamery, 310 per lb; firsts, 29%c; dairy,

24c: packing stock, 22c.



Iilgin.-—Market firm at 30c.



Chicago—Creameries here went off 4c

on Monday and everything seemed to fa-

vor buyers. However, a steady feeling

now exists with dairies and packing stOck

showing a tendency to recover losses.

Quotations are: Extra creamery, 291/260

300; extra firsts, 29c; 'firsts, 271/36728c;

seconds, 2660261/2c; dairy extras, 29c; firsts

27c; seconds, 25c; packing stoCk, 1260

241/3c. as to quality.



New York—Steady with values about

on a par with other markets. Quotations:

Creamery extras, 303/ 6031c; firsts, 3060

30%c; seconds, 29@29%C; state dairy,

finest, 301/20; good to prime, 296030c;

common to fair, 276028c; packing, 22@250

as to quality.



Eggs.—The demand for good stock for

stOrage is taking care of the choicest of

the current heavy receipts, and holding

markets firm all around. At Detroit

current offerings, candied, and cases in—

cluded, are quoted at 1814c per dozen.



Chicago—Offerings here are not up to

those of a year ago and, with a consid-

verable proportion of these going into stor-

age direct. this market is very firm and

prices are fractionally higher. Miscel-

laneous receipts, cases included, are

quoted at 17146017340; do., cases returned

161/2601714c; ordinary firsts, 16@17c; firsts

171/;(01‘8c; storage packed, firsts, 183,460

19c per dozen.



New York—Firm with values showing

slight advances. Fresh gathered extras,

2161.211/2c; fresh gathered storage packed,

firsts, 206021c; western gathered, whites,

206211/20.





Poultry.—No change this week. Offer-

ings so light that prime stock would





probably command a slight premium over

the quotations. Quotations are: Live.—

Spring chickenS, 171/26018c; hens. 171/260

18c; No. 2 pens, 126013c; old roosters, 12c;

turkeys, 196/200; geese, 1560151/20; ducks,

18677200 per lb.



Chicago—Generally quiet with tendency

in direction of lower values. Ducks and

geese both quoted lower. The quotations

on live are: Turkeys, good weight, 15c;





others, 100; fowls, good, 161/2c; broilers,

$350607 per dozen; ducks, 16c; geese,,

full feathered, 10c; do., plucked, 76080





per lb; guinea hens, $4 per dozen.

Cheese.—New York flats and brick are

quoted lower. ‘Vholesale lots. Michigan

ilatS, new. 131/2601“; old, 161/26017c; New

York flats, new. 141/36015c; old, 1760171/20;

brick cream, 131560140; limburger 186019c.





VeaI.——ln small supply and stronger.

Fancy, 1260121/2c; common. 96010c.





Chicago—Market recovering from the

slump under light supplies. Prices have

regained last week’s loss. Fair to choice

806i110-lbs., 126i‘13c; extra fancy stock,

131/2c; fair to good chunky, 111/360120.





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





 





 





Apples. This fruit is steady with the

movement fairly satisfactory. Detroit

quotations now are: Fancy, per bbl.,





$250613; ordinary, 75C60$1.50 per bbl.



ChicagO.———The best grades of apples

are firm at the recent range of values.

Common kinds more slowly and are hard

to place. Standard winter varieties. $260

4 per bbl. for the best grades.



Potatoes.—Potatoes show a little more

life in that there is a better demand but

the market is quotably unchanged. Mich-

igan stock in car lotS, 4060420 per bu.



Chicago—“rim receipts cut down to a

reasonable volume, i1. fact, below what

they were last year and two years ago,

and with the offerings of new potatoes

rather light, the local market for pota-

toes showed a better tone and sales were

made at values above thOSe quoted last

week. Fancy Michigan stock, 356040c per

bu; best Wisconsin, 336042c; Minnesota,

3060380 per bu. x





WOOL.-





 





Boston.—Although it is approaching the

season of the year when dealers prepare

for the incoming clip of wool there is

scarcely nothing in the line of wool trad-

ing going on, the old clip being prac-

tically sold out except for a few grades.

and the new crop' is not finding dealers

out seeking it. A few transactions have

been made, both in the west and in the





'best grade selling at 55c per bu.





fleece states, but the exchange prices





'are.unreported, leaving one at a loss to





know what the range" of values are. An-

ticipating the passage of the free-wool

schedule woOl buyers are putting foreign

wools in bond to be taken out, when the

duty is off. Users of wool in England are

careful not to run short of raw material

because of an increased American de-

mand which has made London sales ac-

tive at firm prices.





RETAIL QUOTATIONS.





Detroit Eastern Market—About the us-

ual amount of business for the season

was being transacted on this market

Tuesday morning, although the variety

of offerings was quite limited. Potatoes

constituted the bulk of the produce and

were. moving only fairly well with the

Onions

have advanced because of a decrease in

number of loads and are now selling from

70 to 850. Lettuce is coming a little

more freely and finds buyers at 75 to 85c

per basket. Radishes of undesirable qual-

ity were offered at 5c per bunch. Beets

(old) 256135c per ha; eggs, 22c per doz.

Loose hay is steady at $166018 per ton.





GRAND RAPIDS.



About 50 loads of farm and garden pro~

duce were offered on the city market

Tuesday morning and prices were as fol—

lows: Lettuce, 11c; cabbage. 30c per bu;

parsnips, 35c; apples, 900; potatoes, 45c;

pieplant. 406045c; asparagus, $1; spinach,

$1 per doen bunches. Hay is $1 per ton

higher, selling at $116014. The egg mar.-

ket is steady at 171/2c to the country

trade. Veal calves are worth 101/2@13c;

dressed hogs, 116011§4c.





THE LIVE STOCK.’ MARKETS.





Buffalo.

April 28, 1913.

(Special Report of Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central’Stock Yards,

East Buffalo. New York).



Receipts of live stock here today as

follows: Cattle, 170 cars; hogs, 100 dou-

ble decks; sheep and lambs, 70 double

decks; calves, 2500 head.



\Vith 170 cars of cattle on the market

here today. and 31.000 reported in Chica-

go, we have to quote our market from 25

6040c per cwt. lower than last Monday,

and, in fact, in some instances we saw

cattle sold fully 500 per cwt. lower than

last week. At the close of the market

there are at least 30 loads of cattle unsold,

weighing from 1150 to 1350 lbsgaverage.



\Ve quote: best 1350 to 1500-lb. steers,

$8.50608.75; good to prime 1200 to 1300-

lb. do., $8608.40; good to prime 1100 to

1200-lb. do., 557.856.08.25; coarse plainish

1100 to 1200-lb. do., $7.25607.75; medium

butcher steers, 1000 to 1100, $7607.50;

butcher steers, 950 to 1000, $7.25@7.75;

light do., $6.75@7.25; best- fat cows, $660

7: butcher cows, $5605.75; light do., $4.25

604.75; trimmers, $325604; best fat heif-

ers, 5572560775; medium butcher heifers,

$6.50607.25; light do., $6.25606.75; stock

heifers, 5555060625; best feeding steers,

tie-horned, $7.25607.75; light common stock-

ers, $550606; prime export bulls, $72560





7.50; best butcher bulls, $675,607.25; bo-

logna bulls, $6606.50: stock bulls, $560





5.75; best milkers and springers, $656080;

common kind .10., $356050.



Vt'e had a liberal supply of hogs today,

footing up 100 double decks and with 60,-

000 reported in Chicago, our market Was

much lower. Mixed hogs sold at $9.15

generally; yorkers, $9.15609.20; pigs, $9.25

((09.30; some heavy weights down as low

as 9c; roughs, $8608.10; stags, $7607.75.

Trade slow throughout the day, and the

close was easy with some unsold. Chi-





cago prices very low. and if we have

anything like fair run here tomorrow,





looks much like IOWer prices. *



The sheep and lamb market was slow

today, with prices about 15c higher than

the close of last week; mOSt of the choice

lambs selling for $8fi‘8.15: sheep, $62560

650. Look for about steady prices the

balance of the week.





\I'e quote: Choice lambs, $8608.15; cull

to fair do., $5605.75: yearlings, $7607.25;

bucks, $4604.75; wethers, 5562560650;





handy ewes, $57566: heavy ewes, $55060

5.75; cull sheep. $3614.50; veals, choice to

extra, 89.506110: fair to good, $7.50@9.25;

heavy calves, $450606.





 





Chicago.

April 28, 1913.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Received today ......30.000 58.000 25.000

Same day last year..24,817 57.429 13.937





Received last week..48,422 118,661 80,651

Same week last year.49,086 146,621 71,124

Another. week opens with extremely





large live stock offerings, and at a late

hour only a few steers had changed own-

ership, sellers quoting reductions of from

1561725c, while butcher stock was called

only fairly animated at declines of 1060

15c. Hogs experienced an average de—

cline of 25c, with slow sales at $82560

8.75 for inferior heavy packing hogs to

prime light shipping lots. these being the

lowest prices recorded in a long period.

Sheep and lambs were slow in finding an

outlet, and sales were largely about 100

lower, some lots being off 15c, while

some prime flocks went at steady prices.



Hogs marketed last week averaged 244

lbs, compared with 230 lbs. one year ago,

246 lbs. two years ago and 228 lbs. three

years ago.



Cattle sold extremely well during the

first part of last wetk. the receipts being

unusually small on Monday, but weakness

set in on “’ednesday, when 22,441 head

arrived. and further declines occurred on

Thursday, despite a Small run. However,

sellers did not do so bad as might be

supposed, provided their. cattle came in

before the big drop, and the bulk of the

week’s transactions in beef steers took

place at a range of $7.90@8.90, with lots

of' Monday sales at $9 arid several lots

bringing. $9.25. The common to fair light:

weight steers sold at $7.25@8.25, with





 





MAY 3.’ '1'9’13.‘





good to prime little yearling steers taken

at $8.50@9 and a free trading in butcher-

ing COWS and heifers. at $5.15@8.75, with

sales of cutters at $4.60@5.10, of canners

at $3.30@4.55 and of bolls at $5.50607.85.

There was no large showing, of heavy

beeves, and all accounts agree that no

large numbers are left in feeding dis-

tricts, most stockmen having taken ad-

vantage of the high prices-to get them

marketed before the usual summer dis-

crimination against heavy steers starts

in. Neither has there been any large sup-

ply of fat cows and heifers, and it is be-

coming clear that most farmers are

adopting the sensible policy of retaining

their good. breeders with a view of rais-

ing cattle for the market. The stacker

and feeder traffic was only moderate at

best, the general activity of farmers in

their spring work, together (with the dear-

ness of such. cattle, combining to limit

the demand. Stockers brought $65060

8.10, with very few going around top fig

ures, while most of the feeders with heavy

weight brought $7.25608.25. Little could

be done in stock and feeding heifers be.-

cause of the meager offerings, “prices rul-

ing at $6606.75. Liberal supplies or calves

were shipped in from the dairy districts,

as usual every spring, and there was a

good demand on the basis of $4.756o9.25

per 100 lbs. for coarse heavy to prime

light vealers. Milch COWS sold sparingly

at $556085 each. _ ‘



Hogs have had rallies in prices on some

days during the past week, but the pre-

vailing tone of the market lacked firm-

ness as a general rule, as is very apt to

be the case in periods when the eastern

shipping demand is lacking. However,

this outlet was very good at times, and

then prices moved up. Local packers took

a bearish attitude, as usual, and on days

when prices were headed in an upward

direction several of them stayed out 043

the market. Prime light hogs continued

to sell the highest, as they were the fav-

orites with shippers, with butcher weights

ranking next in prices and extremely

heavy packing hogs going lowest of all.

The offerings usually averaged satisfac-.

torily in quality, with average weights

much heavier than early in the year. Corn

is plentiful and cheap, and owners of

thrifty young hogs can make no better

use of their corn than by converting it

into pork and lard. In spite of the de-

clines in prices for hogs in recent weeks,

they are still selling much higher than in

former years at corresponding dates. 1910

excepted, while corn is much cheaper

than it has been in most former years. In

Iowa great things are expected from the

appropriation of the leigslature for stamp—

ing out hog cholera. At the close of the

week hogs brought $850609, with only

one top sale, while pigs went at $7608.90

and throw—out packing sows at $81061)

8.35. A week earlier the best hogs went

at $9.30. . ~



Sheep and lambs Show great rallying

power as a rule after considerable breaks

in prices, although it has been found im-

possible to put values for prime lambs up

to the highest point of the season. as

_there are limits for prices for lamb meats

in the retail markets of the country.

\Varm weather has been responsible for

bringing about a complete change in re-

lation to the desirability of clipped flocks,

and whereas a few weeks ago the pack—

ers were discriminating against such con—

signments, now they greatly prefer them

to wooled lots. Lambs are c0mprismg

the great bulk of the receipts, and ‘fat

yearlings, wethers and ewes sell extreme-

ly well. There are no large supplies of

live muttons in sight, and high prices

seem assured for months ahead. The past

week was a good one for sellers on the

whole, the shipping demand being better,

and sheep and lambs were largely 156025c

higher, wooled, stock closing as follows:

Lambs, $6.50@8.90; yearlings. $7.15607.90;

wethers, $6.25607.35; ewes, $6607; bucks,

5552560625; feeder and shearing lambs,

$625608. A few spring lambs brought$12

per 100 lbs.



Horses had a good demand last week,

there being a large attendance; of buyers

from various points, and farm chunks

sold freely on a basis of $140 to $215 per





head, With desirable pairs of such ani-

mals weighing from 2.400 to 2,550 lbs.





wanted at $350 to $425, while good farm

breedy mares sold freely at $235 to 285

per head, their weights ranging from

1,350 to 1,550 lbs. Inferior to fair horses

brought $85 to $125, and sales took place

0 saddlers at $125 to $275, while drai‘ters

were salable anywhere from $235 to $275

for desirable ones. with extra heavy

fancy ones worth $300 to $350. Chunks

weighing from 1.250 to 1,350 lbs. were sal-

able at $185 to $250.





 





 





Up in South Dakota cattle have been

pretty extensively shipped to market, and

many feed lots are empty. Stockers are

held at from $6607 Der 100 lbs. and feed-

ers at 87608.



On the Kansas City cattle market in

the first quarter of the present vear

Kansas bought 500 cars of feeders more

than. in the same period last year: Mis-

souri 400 cars more and Iowa and Illinois

each about 300 cars more. All former

price records were broken in March. when

stock cattle both below and above 900

lbs. in weight brought $8.50 per 100 lbs.



The provision by the Iowa le islature

of $35,000 for use immediatelyg in t e

manufacture of serum and for preventgoln

of hog cholera is expected to accomplish

great things in that important hog-grow-

ing State. Iowa has a good-sized spring

pig crop this year. and it is believed that

such ravages of hog plague as those. suf-

fered last year will cease.





TELL YOUR FRIENDS

We will send the Michigan Farmer every

week from the time order is received to

Jan. 1, 1914, for only, 25 cents. If you

can secure four or more of these 25 cent

subscriptions write us for list of valuable

articles we give you for your, trouble:
_.—“-(" _ .





 





MAY 3,~ .1913. a.





THIS 15 THE FIRST EDITION.





 





In the first edition the Detroit Live

stock markets are reports or last week;

all other markets are right up to date.

Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock markets

are given in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi-

tion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early than they do for Thursday’s

Detroit Live Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that eflect.





 





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





Thursday's Market.

,April 24, 1913.

Cattle.



Receipts, 1545. Bulls steady; all other

grades dull and 10@15c lower than last

week..



We quote: Best steers, $8@8.50; steers

and heifers, 1000 to 1200, $7@7.50; do. 800

to 1000, $6.75@7.25; do that are fat, 500

to .700, $6@7; choice fat cows, $6.50@6.75;

good do., $5.75@6.10; common do., $4.50@

5.10; canners, $3.75@4.15; choice heavy

bulls, $7@7.25; fair to good bolognas,

bulls,.. $6@6.50; stock bulls, $5@5.75;

choice feeding steers, 800 to 1000, $7@

7.25; fair do., 800 to 1000, $6.25@6.50;

choice stockers, 500, to 700, $6506.35; fair

Stockers, 500 to 700, $5.50@6; stock heif-

ers, $5@5.50; milkers, large, young, me-

dium age, $65@75; common do., $35@50.



Spicer & R. sold Sullivan P. Co. 3

cows-av 1043 at $6.25, 3 do av 1117 at

$6.90, 3 do av 1073 at $6.60, 6 do av 1028

at $6, 2 bulls av 1370 at $6.50, 11 steers

av 868 at $7.60, ,3 heifers av 753 at $7, 11

butchers av 936 at $7.25, 4 heifers av 680

at $6.25; to Breitenbeck 14 butchers av

1017 at $7.60; to Nagle P. Co. 2 bulls av

1675 at $7; to Hammond, S. & Co. 2 do

av 1210 at $6.75, 4 heifers av 700 at $7;

to Hall 8 stockers av 762 at $6.50; to

Nagle P. Co. 1 bull weighing 1280 at $7;

to Hammond, S. & Co. 1 do weighing

1240 at $6.75, 1 do weighing 1050 at $6.50;

to Mason B. Co. 15 butchers av 921 at

$7.65, 1 steer weighing 800 at $7, 2 do av

975 at $7.75; to Kamman B. Co. 8 steers

av 790 at $7.35; to Heinrich 8 do av 1104

at $7.80; to Newton B. Co. 2 do av 1160

at $8.25, 7 cows av 900 at $6.50, 1 heifer

Weighing 850 at $7.25.



Haley & M. sold Newton B. Co. 5

steers av '814 at $7.15, 1 cow weighing

1010 at $6.50, 1 do weighing 780 at $5, 4

do av 780 at $4, 1 bull weighing 800 at $6,

1 steer weighing 910 at $7, 7 do av 1090

at $8, 5 do av 732 at $7.75, 3 cows av

1083 at $6, 2 cow and bull av 1010 at $6;

to Sullivan P. Co. 6 steers av 908 at

$7.30, 2 bulls av 740 at $6.75. 2 heifers av

665 at $6.25, 4 steers av 855 at $7.25. 2

cows av 830 at $5.25, 1 heifer weighing

610 at $6.50, 7 steers av 973 at $7.75; to

Nagle P. Co. 2 cows av 1100 at $6.25; to

Kamman B. Co. 13 steers av 970 at $7.65;

to Bresnahan 4 stockers av 443 at $5.80,

1 heifer weighing 750 at $7; to Breiten-

ibeck 1 cow weighing 880 at $5. 4 cows av

810 at $4.30, 1 do weighing 1040 at $5.50,

1 do weighing 890 at $5; to Nagle P. Co.

2 cows av 1080 at $6.25, 1 do weighing

'840 at $5.75, 2 do nv 1130 at $6.25, 2 steers

av 1085 at $7.60, 2 do av 1140 at $8; to

Schuman 16 butchers av 903 at $7.50; to

Breitenbeck 3 do av 810 at $7, 5 cows av

i960 at ‘$5.25; to Sullivan P. Co. 2 do av

'1130 at $6, 2 do av 835 at $3.75, 1 heifer

weighing 760 at $5, 1 do weighing 720 at

$6, 8 butchers av 861 at $7.25; to Mich.

B. Co. 2 steers av 1200 at $8.35.





l' Bishop B. & H. sold Sullivan P. Co. 3

cows av 1077 at $6.50, 11 steers av 662 at

$7, 4 cows av 880 at $5. 8 do av 1041 at

$6.75, 3 do av 717 at $6, 1 bull weighing

1300 at $7; to Thompson Bros 1 canner

weighing 740 at $3.75: to Hammond, S.

&





Co. 1 cow weighing 690 at $3.50. 4 $





cows and bulls av 927 at $5.75; to Casey

3 cows av 866 at $4.50; to Parker, W. &

Co. 23 butchers av 772 at $7.40. 22 do av

935 at $7.75, 20 do av 769 at $7.40, 4

steers av 807 at $7.4 heifers av 700 at

$6.50, 1 bull weighing 1200 at $6.75, 2

cows av 1085 at $5.50, 2 heifers av 785

at $7.25, 3 bulls av 1197 at $6.75, 21

butchers av 791 at $7.10; to Hammond, S.

& Co. 6 do av 820 at $7.35. 3 do av 610

at $6.50, 1 bull weighing 1320 at $6.75, 2

cows av 1170 at $5.50, 8 do av 1106 at

$6.50. 3 do av 1073 at $4.50, 5 do av 1012

at $6, 2 do av 920 at $4. 1 bull weighing

1160 at $6.75, 1 ox weighing 1580 at

$7.25, 7 cows av 1034 at $5.50; to Nagle

P, Co. 19 butchers av 987 at $7.85; to

Sullivan P. Co. 3 cows av 900 at $6.25, 1

do weighing 940 at $4.50, 1 bull weighing

1160 at $6.75; to Breitenbeck 20 steers av

980 at $7.50; to Hammond, S. & Co. 2

cows av 1060 at $6.75, 1 heifer weighing

920 at $6.



Roe Com. Co. sold Nagle P. Co. 10

cows av 1130 at $6.75, 3 steers av 1266 at

$8.50; to Wyness 1 cow weighing 1010 at

$5.50; to Kull 6 steers av 771 at $7.85;

to Breitenbeck 6 cows av 1005 at $5, 1

do weighing 930 at $4; to Newton B. Co.

11 heifers av 756 at $7.25, 4 cows av 1022

at $5.25, 4 steers av 870 at $7.25, 25

butchers av 920 at' $7.60; to Bresnahan

1 cow weighing 860 at $4.50; to Nagle P.

Co. 1 bull weighing 1200 at $7.25: to Sul-

livan P. Co. 12 cows av 1105 at $6; to

Thompson Bros. 2’ do av 825 at $4, 12 do

av 1010 at $6.25, 2 do av 1125 at $6; to

Sullivan P. Co. 1 bull weighing 1250 at

$6.75; to Newton B, Co. 20 butchers av

733 at $7; to Kamman B. Co. 12 do av

812 at $7.50, 4 do av 750 at $7.25, 3 steers

av 900 at $7.35; to Nagle P. Co. 5 cows

av 1196 at $7; to Hammond, S. & Co. 1

bull weighing 1040 at $6.50, 1 do weigh-

ing 1080 at $6.50; to Bresnahan 2 cows

av 920 at $4, 2 bulls av 490 at $5, 3 cows

av 775 at $4, 6 butchers av 576 at $5.75;

to Hammond, S. & Co. 1 bull weighing

1080 at $6.50. 3 cows av 860 at $5.35. 8

steers av 806 at $7.50. 28 do av 760 at

$7.25.; to Hall 4 feeders av 795 at $7.25;

to Sullivan P. Co. 13 steers av 1025 at

$7.75; to Rattkowsky 7 cows av 977 at

$6.10, 1 bull weighing 1000 at $7.255 to





 





THE MICHI





Nagle P. Co. 3 steers av 1183 at $8.15, 3

do av 990 at $7.65.

Veal Calves.



Receipts, 855. Good grades 500 higher

than last week; others steady. Best, $9

@950; others, $5.50@7; milch cows and

springers steady.



Roe Com. Co: sold Mich. B. Co. 8 av

125 at $8.50; to Nagle P. Co. 3 av 155 at

$9; to Sullivan P. Co. 1 weighing 140 at

$7, 4 av 145 at $9; to Nagle P. Co. 8 av

125 at $8.50, 3 av 170 at $6.50, 4 av 145

at $8.50, 8 av 120 at $7.50, 24 av 135 at

$8.50, 5 av 125 at $7, 15 av 135 at $9.25.



Sandal] sold Nagle P. Co. 10 av 132

at $8.75.



Spicer & R. sold Nagle P. Co. 3 av 145

at $9.25, 9 av 140 at $9.50, 1 weighing 110

at $8, 1 weighing 140‘ at $9, 50 av 145 at

$8.75; to Goose 3 av 140 at $9.25, 1 weigh-

ing 110 at $8; to Newton B. Co. 7 av

140 at $9.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Thompson Bros.

27 av 130 at $8; to Sullivan P. Co. 10 av

130 at $9, 5 av 125 at $8; to Goose 35 av

128 at $7.50, 20 av 130 at $7.50; to Nagle

P. CO. 5 av 125 at $8.50, 9 av 138 at $8.75,

3 av 150 at $9.25; to Parker, W, & Co.

6 av 130 at $9, 2 av 125 at $8.50, 2 av

120 at $9, 4 av 145 at $9.25, 1 weighing

130 at £59.50, 4 av 145 at $9.50. 3 av 120

at $9, 6 av 135 at $9.25; to McGuire 6 av

135 at $8.75, 12 av 120 at $8; to Ham-

mond, S. & Co. 8 av 110 at $7, 19 av 125





at $9.50; to Newton B. Co. 44 av 135 at-





$9.25; to Sullivan P. Co. 5 av 125 at $8,

12 av 130 at $8. 17 av 135 at $9; to Mc-

Guire 6 av 165 at $9, 6 av 140 at $8.75.





Sheep and Lambs.





Receipts, 4204. Market steady at VVed-

nesday and last week’s prices. Best

lambs, $7.50@7.75; fair to good lambs,

$6.75@7.25; light to common lambs, $5.50

@650; yearlingS, $6.75@7; fair to good

sheep. $6.25@6.50; culls and comm-on,

$3.50@4.50. .



Haley & M. sold Nagle P. Co. 200

lambs av 65 at $7.25. 72 do av 85 at $7.60.



Vaughan Bros. sold Sullivan P. Co. 26

lambs av 60 at $6.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S. &

C0. 14 lambs av 60 at $6.75, 13 sheep av

105 at $6; to Sullivan P. Co. 12 lambs av

65 at $7.50, 17 d0 av 67» at $7.50, 73 do av

58 at $5.50, 11 spring lambs av 48 at $10;

to Mich. B. CO. 54 sheep av 90 at $5. 42

do av 95 at $5.25. 14 do av 120 at $5.50;

to Nagle P. Co. 31 lambs av 70 at $7, 80

do av 75 at $7.35, 162 do av 67 at $7.30;

to Bray 176 do av 73 at $7.25. 49 do av

48 at $4.50. 63 do av 55 at $5.50: to

T‘hompson Bros. 30 lambs av 55 at $7.25;

to Hayes 27 do av 45 at $4.50; to Swift

& Co. 260 lambs av 78 at $7.75; to Ham-

mond, S. & Co. 14 sheep av 115 at $4.50.

4 do av 120 at $6; to Sullivan P. Co. 10

lambs av 61 at $6.50, 40 do av 55 at

$6.25, 39 do av 53 at $6.25, 10 do av 48

at $5; to Young 48 do av 68 at $7.35, 13





'Sheep av 100 at $5.50.





Roe Com. Co. sold Nagle P. Co. 56

lambs av 65 at $7.50, 4 sheep av 155 at

$5.50; to Barlage 31 lambs av 55 at $6,

8 sheep av 80 at $5; to Hayes 39 lambs

av 50 at $7.



Spicer & R. sold Mich. B. Co. 31 sheep

av 92 at $5.10. 7 do av 140 at $6. 5 lambs

av 75 at $8, 9 do av 60 at $7, 39 do av

50 at $8, 5 sheep av 70 at $4, 85 lambs av

60 at $6.75, 50 do av 55 at $6, 51 do av

60 at $5.75, 183 mixed av 58 at $4.85.





ogs.



Receipts, 4805. No hogs sold up to

noon; packers bidding steady to 5c high-

er; looks as below: '



Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers. $8.90@'8.95; pigs, $9; mixed, $8.90@

8.95; stags one-third off.



BishOp, B. & H. sold Hammond. S. &

Co. 2110 av 180 at $9, 670 av 250 at $8.95.



Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 425

av 190 at $9, 75 av 220 at $8.95.



Haley & M, sold Parker, W. & C0. 450

av 180 at $9. -



Spicer & R. sold same 360 av 185 at

9.





Friday’s Market.

April 25, 1913.





Cattle.

Receipts this week, 1743; last week,

1816. Market steady at Thursday’s

prices. Best steers, $8@8.50; steers and





heifers, 1000 to 1200, $7.50@8; do. 800 to

1000, $7.25@7.75; do. that are fat. 500 to

700, $6607; choice fat cows. $6.50@7; good

do., $5.50@6.25; common cows, $450615;

canners, $3.50@4.25; choice heavy bulls,

$7617.25; fair to good bolognas, bulls, $6.50





606.75; stock bulls, $5.50@6.25: choice

feeding steers, 800 to 1000. $6.75@7.50:

fair do., 800 to 1,000. $6.25@7; choice





stockers, 500 to 700, $6.50@7; fair do., 500

to 700, $5.65@6.25; stock heifers, $461.5:

milkers, large, young, medium age, $65@

80; common milkers, $356950.



Veal Calves.





Receipts this week, 1064; last week.

1206. Market strong at Thursday’s

prices. Best, $9@9.50; others, $5@8.50.





Milch cows and springers steady.

Sheep and‘Lambs.



Receipts this week, 4850; last week.

4367. Market steady at Thursday's

close. Best lambs. $7.50@7.75; fair to

good lambs, $6.50@7.25; light to common

lambs, $5.25@6.25; yearlings, $6.75@7:

fair to good sheep, $5.75@6.25; culls and

common, $3@4.25;Hspring lambs, $10@11.





ogs.



Receipts .this week. 6132; last week,

8148. Market 50 higher than on Thurs-

day. Light to good butchers, $9.05; pig

$9.05; mixed, $9; Stags one-third off.





WeWaanAY&STIlAW





We get the top price on consignments. make

liberal advancements and promptremittences.





Daniel McCaiirey’s Sons Co.





PITTSBURC, PA.

Reference. 'uhiubn'l‘nut Company. or any bank in City





' ‘ Ship your eel-load lots to us.

HAY THE E. L. .RICHMOND CO"

Detroit. - Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





GAVN FARM‘ER





For several good reasons—





Ist and September Ist. and

any bank.





mercial importance.





thirteen times the amount

the bonds.





upon application. by.





Engineers

Michigan Trust:Building





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





19—555





BMW?

'l





Why do we seal: to interest the public in $100 bonds of the

AMERICAN PUBLIC UTILITIES COMPANY?





1.—Because the investment is a safe one. the bonds being amply

secured and the principal protected by a sinking fund.



tier—Because the investment now. of $100511 this matter. will insure

a return of 6% upon the money invested



8.—~Because at any time the purchaser needs money. the bond is

an excellent collateral to be given the bank.



4.—Because the element of speculation is eliminated. ”No matter

what the market fluctuations may be. the purchaserhwill receive

100 cents to a dollar when the bonds mature.



5.—Because the interest is paid regularly semi-annually. March





the coupons will be honored by





6,—Because the company is ably and conservatively managed. and

operates modern gas. electric light and power. and steam

heating plants in 14 thriving cities of industrial and com-





7.—Because investigation will show that the earnings of the

Company. after all expensesflof operation have been paid. are





necessary to pay the interest on





Full information and earning reports will be cheerfully furnished





Kelsey. Brewer 8:" Company





Bankers





Operators

Grand Rapids. Michigan





.__J





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





at only

cariots of 30,

of 2% for cash.





Bond (11-

reottome. E. J.





   





draft or money order ayable to me. Or you me sen ,

I moire prompt shipment. Don' delay. Get the benefit of this big money saving ofi‘er,





FOGARTY, Warden, Dept. 3399, Michigan City, Ind.





Save Money on Twine





Buy your twine direct from the manufacturer.

Save all dealers' and jobbers’ and agents’ profits.

best guaranteed binder twine :—the only twine with the

guarantee of a state back of it. The State of Indiana guarantees

this twine to you. Every ball of Indiana State Twine is guaranteed

to be equal in length, strength and evenness to any other standard

twine. It isinsectproof. Thereisabsolutelyno better twine on the market.





Indiana State Twine Only 3





Send your order direct to me and get all the twme you want at this ex.



tremely low price. You can have your choice of standard twine, 500 ft. to the pound.



90 per lb.: or you can have sisal twine 500 feet to the pound. at onl 90 per lb. _



You can order any amount from 50 lbs. up to 30.000 lbs. and get it. for 90 per b. .t. o. b. Michigan City. On

(IX) lhs. equal to the low bed rock price onl 8940 peril). f. o. b. Michigan Cit-v. Send cash.





Get the





   





ankable note due September , 19 Discount





   

   





 





 





 





FIELD PEAS





nothing better for making a big lot of feed. Also

Soys. Vetch, Rape, Reid's Yellow Dent Corn, etc.. and

the best Alfalfa that you ever saw. Write for samples.





0. M. SCOTT & SON, 166 Main St. , Merysvilleflhio.





WEEDLESS ALFALFA





is what we try to furnish our customers. Free samples

will show that we come pretty near doing it. All

other field seeds. Also Field Peas Boys. Vetch. Rape.

Pasture Mixtures. Reid's Yellow Dent Corn. etc.





OTMTSCOTT & SON,66 Main St. , Marysville, Ohio.





EG ENERATED Swedish Select Recleaned Oats at

75c bu. Fine Yellow dent seed corn $2 bu. Bags

Free. JOHN LOHMAN. 8r., Hamilton, Michigan.





F O R SAL E‘i‘fr‘iii ”fife‘iflb’ffi’i. i‘





“I O. JACKSON, No. 719 Rex St. South Bend. 1nd.





YELIJADW BENT SEED CORN‘nolili‘ngh 5353:?





. J. BRADLEY. Augusta, Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





F0 R SALE—Hand Picked American Wonder

Pea Beans. Very great yieldere.

Address. CHAS. ARMSTRONG. Luther. Michigan.





FARMS All] FARM llNDS

F08 SALE UH EXGHANBE





0UR NEW YORK IMPROVED FARMS—are great

. bargains at present low prices, Send for free list.

McBURNlu‘Y (£00.. 703 Fisher Bldg" Chicago. Ill.





80 ACRESIchoice farm and fruit. land, Benzie



County. Michigan. Good house and

burn. Home orchard planted. Two large springs.

Muetsellatonce. MUR AY AOKLIN,Darling,Mi5a.





 





 





 





 





 





' and unim roved lands in Delaware.

F.dl|° Farm: diverslfie farming live stock. de-

licious fruits and ideal homes. For information

address, State Board of Agriculture, Dover. Delaware





FARMS WANTED‘Xzasg‘sigl’:“has:

scribing property. naming lowest rice. We help buy-





ers locate desirable property FRE . American Invest-

ment Association, 3 Pa ace Bldg, Minneapolis. Minn.





 





 





FOR SALE—Choice dairy or general farming proposition; 268

acres; 3 miles east on Willinlnshurg road, 20 minutes from

the capitol. Well improved. Plenty water. wood, fruit and 3

dwellings. 200 acres cultivation and pasture. Sate investment.

Owner's eddrevs, B. D. Johnston .1 Sons, Richmond, Va .3. 2.





FOR SALE AT BARGAIN!





News aldin Dee Tillin M hi , N t

to our ao’u. houdnuou FTRnllse. Delmigapmd





CASH FOR YOUR F’ARM





I bring buyers and sellers to ther. Write me if

you wanttobu . sellortrede. tablished 1881. Frank





 





 





 





Cleveland. . Adams Express Bldg” Ohlceso. Ill.





 





 





 





A EnT‘—217 ACRES. 6 miles Botha, beauti-



' fully situated on lake. 118 acres culti-

vated. All tillable. Black loam. fenced. crossfenced.

Excel out water. 2 miles school, house, stable l2, hon-

house. granary,etc. Snap 817 per acre. $1500cash,

balance arren ed. About this and other bargains

write George rents. Herald Block. Calgary. Alberta.





McClure - Stevens Land Co.





Succelsors to A. J. Stevens At Co. Established 1883.

Farm. Fruit and Stock Lends. We own 20,000 acres of choice





 





unimproved lands in Giedwin and Clare Counties. Sold on

easy payments. Interest 8 percent. Write for information.

Gledwin -:- Michigan





 





MOIE'_M‘K|"E F‘HMs—l.) states; 810 to 850 an acre;

. . live stock and tools often

included to settle quickly. More in productive land

near good markets here than the same money will



urchaee elsewhere on earth. Get. ;the facts. Big



llustrated catalogue No. 36 free. E. A. STRO UT

FARM AGENCY. Station 101, Pittsburg. Penna.





MARYLAND W acres. stock and grain

. I farm, level and free from

stone, land in agood state of cultivation. 7 room house

in good condition, nice shade. several outbuildings,

several hundred fruit. trees. borders on country road.

free delivery, good location. wed nei hbors lenty

of good water. Prim 32w 'rite to .. B. blocs,

Real Estate Broker, 211 N. Division, St..Baiisbury. Md.





Western Canada Farm Lands.

, , , , . ,- .

The Canadian Pacific Railway easygrgra‘a‘gg:

ing lends throughout Alberta and Saskatchewan.

l’rices 811 to 820 per acre. $2000 loaned by company for

improvements, also 81000 loaned for live stock. Set-

tlers ‘have20 years to pay. A splendid opportunity to

start in profitable farming. Special cheap excursions

weekly from Dotrmt and Chicago. You must see and be





satisfied before buying from us. Write for particulars.





6. P. R. land Dept. Hammond Bldg, Detroit.





Literature will be sent to any-

one interested in the wonder-

ful ~ Sacramento Valley, the





richest valley in the world.

Unlimited opportunities. Thousands of acres available at

right prices. The place for the men wentingehome in the finest

climate on earth. Write to a public organization that gives

reliable information.





iiisi--§:z.:a::ii§f‘fllllFURNIA





FOR INFORMATION AS TO LANDS IN





The Nation’s

Garden Spot-





'I'IM'I' GREAT FRUIT and TRUCK

- GROWING SECTION-

along the





Atlantic Coastline





. RAILROAD





in Virginia, North and South Carolina

Georgia, Alabame and Florida, write to.

WILIJUR HoCOY. E. N. CLARK.

A. J; l. Agt. for Florida. A. t l. mu. for Virginia

Alabama. Georgia, and the Carolina,

Jacksonville. Fla. iimington. N. C.
556—20





 





 





ill





or green.





the cost of repairs.





Roofmgs

NEPDNSET roofings are a

fire protection. leak-proof

and long lived. Anyone can



ythem. NEPUNSET Paroid



oofing is for general use.

NEPUNSET Proslate Roof-

lng is an ornamental roof-

ing for dwellings. Attractive

colors.





Are you going to buildl’

and weatherproof.





BIRD & SO





(F. W. BIRD & SONl





lllllllllllllllflllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllllllfllllflllllMIlllfllflmflflllflflfllfllfllllflflfllmmmmmWW





=!l





remarkable economies.





Est.

1 795





THE MICHIGAN l-FAsRMiER





. v.35“ ‘

Roofing As Attractive in Price

-—As in Color





You’ll admit this roof looks attractive—in distinctive colors of red

But for most home builders its chief attraction lies in its

Let’s begin with its first cost.

Proslate Roofing costs less to buy than good shingles. Greatly reduces

No shingles to split, crack or “curl up.”

her, the shingles of today aren’t the shingles of 20 years ago.

NEPDNSET Proslate Roofing makes a water-tight blanket.

all, resists fire—is “spark-proof.”

is worth all its cost.





Building Papers

If NEPnNSET Waterproof

Building Papers are built



' into walls and floors. the

building will be warmer. will

cost less to heat and will

last years longer. Recom-

mended by architects. engi-

neers and building owners

everywhere.





Figure the {swing on , '





your buddm





 





NEPaNsET

Remem.





And best of





Its protection from fire-hazard alone

Its first cost is its only cost, too.

afford NOT to have NEPaNsET Proslate Roofing on your roof?





NEPDNSET





Waterproof Building Products





Can you





Wall Board





NEMNSET Wall Board

is a scientific product which

takes the place of lath and

plaster; comes in sheets 32

inches wide. Remember. it

Is the only wall board with

waterproofed surfaces that re-

quires no further decoration.

Anyone can put it up.





Write for valuable Information about modern ways to waterproof





New York Chicago

San Francisco





Send for samples. free booklet and name of nearest NEPUNEET dealer.





652 ‘Neponset St., East Walpole, Mass.





Washington

Canadian Plant: Hamilton, on.





Portland, Ore.





 





Illllllllll I‘lllll





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





After spring cleaning

comes the time for S-W Family Paint





This household paint is specially prepared

for the painting of cupboards, shelves,

woodwork, kitchen chairs, tables and

other furniture. It produces a durable

oil-gloss finish that can be washed

without injury. And it is all ready for

use. The woman who goes over her

house with this paint after spring clean-





 





ing is going to have an easy time keeping

things spick and span-for the rest oftlle year.



Send for our new Portfolio of Plans

for Home Decoration.

the many other Sherwin-Williams

Finishes and the part they play in

making the home attractive. We will

send it free, on request.





It tells about





SMEPMMNJVWJLMMS

lei/N73 é MMNISHES





Best dealers everywhere. Address all Inqulrles to The Showin-Wllllams 00.,669 Canal Rd.. Cleveland. 0.





 





When writing advertisers please mention The Michigan Farmer





’ lime,





Practical





   





SPICES—(Continued).



BY FLOYD W. ROBISON.



Nutmegs and Mace.

As is the case with a great many oth-

er food products and particularly some

so-called accessories‘ to food products,

nutmegs are adulterated chiefly with a

low-grade and inferior product Which,

so far as identity is concerned, is in

reality a product of the nutmeg tree. The

nutmeg is native to the islands of the

Malay group. It is the fruit of a. tree

which grows from 20 to 35 feet in height.

The fruit itself is globe-shape and eon—

sists of two nearly equal halves wvercd

with a somewhat fleshy crimson colored

membrane. This membrane, when prop—

erly cured, is known as mace, and the

spherical fruit underneath constitutes the

nutmeg of commerce.



Why Nutmegs are White.



It has been the practice for a great

many years to coat the nutmeg with

which process is known as liming

the nutmeg. Just the exact reason for

this is not apparent. except that the

claim has been made that liming the nut-

meg prevents the activity of insects.

However, at the present time there is

quite a quantity of the true nutmeg on

the market that is not coated with lime.

TheSe, therefore, are quite brown in ap-

pearance, and should one be given brown

nutmeg when buying from the grocer, ‘he

should remember that they are reully

purer than the ordinary nutmeg which is

white in appearance, due to a coating of

lime.



Nutmeg contains a peculiar volatile oil

which gives the aroma and flavor to it.

The chief adultcrant of nutmeg is the

substitution of the so—culled Macassar

nutmeg. It is, in truth, a variety of nut—

meg, but it lacks very much the agree-

able flavor and aroma and much of the

pungcncy of the regular nutmeg. Socom-

m0n has becomc the substitution of Mn-

caSSar nutmeg llaut we may, we believe,

quite properly style this as adulterntion,

though the chief consideration in buying

Whole nutmeg is the detection of wormy

and mouldy fruit. Buying nutmeg whole

instead of ground, one may be able to

defied; the presence of wormy and mouldy

fruit, but this assurance is not sio easy

with the ground product unless one has

full confidence in the source of the pro-

duct.



Nutmegs Contain Starch.





Leach states that in Massachusetts,

wheat and cocozlnut shells have been

used as adultcrants of nutmeg. One





characteristic of nutmeg is the presence

of starch, and this finding is of value to

the analyst in differentiating the ground

product from mace. Mace contains no

starch when in the mature state. It has,

hOWOVeI‘, a dextrine-like product which.

when treated with iodine, colors similar

to the products containing dcxtrine, while

the characteristic reaction of nutmeg

when treated with iodine is the blue col-

oratiOn for starch.

Standards.



The standard adopted by the Associa-

tion of Official Chemists for nutmeg is

as follows:



Total mineral matter, not more than

five per cent; crude fiber, not more than

10 per cent; non-volatile ether extract,

not ‘leos than 25 per cent; insoluble min-

eral malter‘, not more than 0.5 per cent.



The standard for mace is: Mineral mat-

ter, not more than three per cent; crude

fiber. not more than 10 per cent; non-

volatile ether extract, between 20 an 30

per cent.



The chief ndulterant of mace is what

is known as Bombay mace, which again

is a species of mace, sometimes called

wild mace, but it lacks nearly all of the

characteristic valuable properties of the

true mace.



The. detection of adulterants, such as

re-inforcing of these products With fixed

oils is not an easy determination, but re-

quires some considerable technical labor-

atory skill. The chemist relies on the

iodine number and the refractometer

largely in identifying the use of foreign

oils.~ (Continued next week).



TUBERCULOSIS.



Tuberculosis affects practically all do-

mestic animals, and wild animals in cap-

tivity. Among domestic animals it is

most prevalent in the following order:





 





 





Cattle, hogs, horses; very rare among





[El|lllIllll|IllIIll|IllllllllIlllllIllIlllIIllllllllllllHlllllllllllllllllllllll|IlllIlllllllllllIIlllllflllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





 





 





MAY 3, 1913.,





ill





llllllllllllll llll





 





' Science."





Elllllllllll||Illlllllllllll|lllllIllllIllIllIlllllllllllll||lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllilllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IlllllllllllIllIllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllll|lIlll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllg





sheep. Chickens are also very suscepti—

ble and the disease is becoming serious

among poultry in some sections.



Tuberculosis prevails very extensively

among pure-bred cattle and city dairy

herds, to much less extent among ordi-

nary farm cattle, and is rare among

range cattle. Statistics show that the

diseuse has greater prevalence with poor

conditiOns of stable sanitation.



Structure Affected.



This disease may affect practically any

portiOn of the animal‘s body except the

horns, the hoofs and the hair. It is a

very common error to think of tubercu-

losis only as a disease of the lungs. It

may occur in the interior of the bones,

ut joints, in the brain, the spinal cord,

and in a great variety of inaccessible and

unexpected places,



' Tuberculin Test.



The only accurate means of detecting

tuberculosis is by the tuberculin test.

This test is very reliable, but not infal—





lible, when good tuberculin is honeslly

and intelligently used. “'hen animals

are tested and react, but show no evi-





dence of lubcrculosis on examination of

the carcass. there are always two possible

explanations. (l) the disease may exist

to a very slight extent, or may exist in

remote parIS, like boncs, bone murrow.

or joints, or in the spinal cord, which are

not ordinarily examined. l2) an animal

might dlzvclop :1 I‘cver on the set-mid day

or the test. due to other causes, and this

fever might be mistaken for a tubercu—

lin rezlclion. \\'ith the possible failures

all cousidcrcd, we can still c-‘simt 0n col"-

l'cct results in more than 96 per cent of

the properly made tests.

The Tuberculln Cow in Relation to Human

Health.

Three things have become quite plain

in the course of a world-wide study of





the l'clalion bctwccn human and bovine

lubcrculosis. (1) that tuberculosis is a

columon disease among cattle. (2) thut





there are constant opportunities for trans-





fer of any possible infection from cutlle

to people. (32) that man is at least sux-

('Pptlblc to bovine infection.





There can be

berculosis is a





no question but that tu-



vcry common disease

among cattle of all breeds and all classes

excepting range cattle. Neither can there

bc any question but that wherever tuber—

culosis exists among cattle on :1 farm it

also. as a rule, exists among the hogs on

the same farm. A few years ago, the

chief of our Federal Bureau of Animal

lndustl'y reported 400,000 accepted tuber—

culin lests collcclcd during a period of 13

years from all over the l‘niled Slutcs,

with an aVerage percentage of reactions

of 9.2:”) per cent. If H“ the cattle of the

l’nited States could have been tested at

that time the average percentage. would

have been lower because no range cattle

wcre included in those figures, and they

probably did not include a fair proportion

of cmnmon grade farm cattle.



it is well known that tuberculous cattle

may have the lungs affected in such a

way that the diseased areas connect with

tho bronchial tubes and windpipe; also

that the udder may have diseased urcas

communicating with the milk ducts. It

is also well known that such cattle may

have tuberculous ulcers upon the lining

membrane of the intestines and that they





'may swallow material coughed up from





the. lungs and thus easily infect the bow-

el contents.



There are, then, at least three waysin

which a tuberculous cow may give off tu-

berculous germs; in the spray that is

thrown out in coughing, in milk and in

the manure. Such contamination of milk

is a disagreeable thing to think about,

but it is, nevertheless too important to

be ignored. It is cVillently posvilllel that

the milk can be contaminated with bo-

vine tubercle germs either from within

the udder or from dried manure on the

udder, flank or toll.



There can be no reasonable question

now that the most serious source of hu—

man tuberculosis, particularly for older

(hildlen and adults, is the advanced case

Of human tuberculosis in the home: It

has beenlsatisfactorily shown, however,

that man is at least susceptible to tu-

berculOus infection from cattle, and that

tuberculosis among young children, due

to germs from cows, is sufficiently com-

mon and serious to make it necessary to

recognize the tuberculous cow as an im-

portant element of danger.—Minnesota.r-





Extension Bulletin No. 32—Reynolds.
21—557





 





 





MAY 3', i913}

gmmmmmImIIinIImumlmmmmlmmuunnuunmmmuuumnnmmmml[Humming

2 Poultry. -

gill”IIIIIIlllIlIllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII—Ffl;





TIMELY FEEDING SUGGESTIONS.



During the first 24 to 36 hours newly

hatched chicks do not require food- At

that time warmth is of greater import-

ance. ‘



When feeding has been begun give a.

little food every two hours during the

first week. After that time feed every

four hours until they are a month old,

then three times a day. Chicks do not

eat much at a time but they eat often.

Feed them at regular times, and do not

omit a meal.



Keep a box of fine charcoal, small grit

and dry bran before them all the time,

and upon the floor of the coop sprinkle

fine sand,in cut clover and alfalfa leaves.

Give them fresh water in something that

will allow only the beak .of the chicken

to become wet. Do not let the chicks

walk in the water. Keep the coop and

yards dry.



A prepared chick feed, if properly bal-

anced. contains bone, muscle and feather-

making properties, and can be fed for

the firSt two or three weeks with splen-

did results. Just give them What they

will clean up nicely.



Stale bread that has been dried in the

oven and then rolled fine and moistened

with milk or water—enough to make the

mixture crumbly—is good.



Hard-boiled eggs are good if you let

them cook long enough. Sprinkle a. little

fine sand on the eggs before feeding.



Never feed raw corn meal stirred into

water or milk. It causes bowel trouble

and usually conSiderable loss. Corn bread

dried and rolled fine, is a good change.

Never feed sloppy food. Have it dry and

crumbly.



After the third week any wholesome

food can be given with good results.



Be sure to keep all feeding and drink-

ing dishes clean. \Vash and scald them,

keep coops'and yards dry, warm and

clean, and you will have no trouble.



When you see the chicks busy and

scratching it is a Sign they are happy

and thriving.



YOu can’t neglect the chicks while they

are growing and get good breeding stock

by feeding them well a month or so be-

fore laying. Give them plenty of feed,

good care and clean houses and yards at

all times.



Do not put chickens hatched at differ-

ent times together. The older ones will

crowd out the younger.



Give the chicks plenty of shade on warm

days. .



Chicks hatched this month will lay in

November if you care for them right.



Spray the coops often and the henhouse

once a week, and continue to do so

through the warm weather. Dissolve 14

oz. of corrosive sublimate in a pint of

hot water, then add 1 oz. of carbolic acid.

Stir this into two gallons of kerosene.

Keep it well stirred and spray coops,

roosts and 'houses with it several times

during the summer, using it generously.





 





IN ANSWER TO

Hatching Geese.



I would like information about the

hatching of geese in an incubator, es-

pecially with regard to temperature, time

and moisture required.



Newaygo C0. 0. G. W.



You can hatch goose eggs in the same

way you can hens' eggs. All they re-

quire is a uniform temperature ‘of about

102 or 103 degrees. Any common incu—

bator that will hatch the one will hatch

the other, but it takes 35 days for the

eggs of geese to hatch. or, in other

words. that is the period of incubation. As

is well known, hens’ eggs require only

21 days. Handle them just the same as

you would hens’ eggs with the exception

that they must be kept in the incubator

35 days.



Hens Roost on Nests.

My hens seem bound to perch on top





INQUIRIES.





0f the nest boxes in daytime. 'Is there

any way to prevent this?

Allegan Co. J. H.





You can easily keep the hens from

roosting on the nests in day time by

building a cover over the nests and hav-

ing it so sloping or slanting so that they

can’t stand on it. If this cover prevents

the hens from going on the nest to lay,

you can fix the nests so they must be

entered from the side or front, putting a

walking board up. in front and having a

slanting board with cleats on leading up

to the walking board.



. COLON C. LILLIE.





 





Act as my agent.

.trip to California.

San Fran





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





1 4%

‘-=-‘ «(Elim-





.i-éflhuk ill

”a





\





-\"‘%"'Inum ‘





s





ii





/" {f





g"





 

 





stockmen had to let the hogs follow

100 lbs. $5.00; 25-lb. pail





will send





It you are not satisfied beyond a shadow of doubt that it has cured Quanta. A Bitter sto-

ECQ your chicks oi gapes. cholera. legwearinessI arid tzlée “(ke'lthe Hgigficgi’: Agg’e‘s‘fi:

‘ dealer is required to refund your money. lAl s. c. mm or Anhtgmamnflsepuc:





 





 

 

 





Dr. [less Stock Tonic puts horses, cattle, hogs and sheep in the pink

of condition. After the long winter on dry feed stock need a tonic. Besides, Dr.

Hess Stock Tonic saves feed by increasing digestion.





possible to save a part of this by strengthening the digestive organs.





FREE, Dr, Hess-(MD. D.V.S.) will at any time prescribe lordyour ailing animals iree'ol charge If you





 

 

 

 





 





Young Chicks





At this time, when millionsand millions oilittlechicks,turkeys



and ducks will be incubated into the world, every available human



agency will be employed to combat the deadly influences oiGapes,

Cholera, indigestion, Legweariness and hundreds of other fatal poultry

diseases. Success depends upon your ability to conquerthese diseases.

Dr. Hess (M.D., D.V.S.), just twenty years ago, was puzzlingover this same

proposition and the prescription shown herew1th is his solution. It represents





IlIl. HESS POULTRY PAN-A-GE-A





Dr. Hess Poultry Pan-

a-ce-a contains:

An





Potnclum Nitrate.

Ellmlnant.



Nu: Vomlca. A Nerve

Tonic





 





and no one can dispute the absolute. positive value of the remedy for

the above-named poultry diseases. because the best authority on earth

recommends them. Don't lose your flock alter it arrives—insure and

protect the lives of your little chicks with poultry Pan-a-ce—a.



Our Proposition. Feed Poultry Pan—a-ce-a all spring and summer.





 

 

 

 





express prepaid. 40c); 5 lbs. 60c: 12 lbs. $1.25; 25-lb. pail $2.50.





Except in Canada and the extreme West. hgfifififlph‘m- Am°°d





er.





 





. Iron (Red Oxide). A



DR. HESS & CLARK 0323.1 3“l':°ili... A“

“ a0 a e



Ashlaml, Ohio lining; and h i.





 

 





 





Sodium Chloride. An Ap-

petizer and Cleanser.

Under the supervision of



Dr. Hess (M.D.. D.V.S.) the



above In carefully com-



pounded nnd blended with



Just enough cereal meal to



make a perfect mixture.





 





   





 





 





By the old methods of feeding

the steers in order to save some of the grain wasted through non-digestion. lt is

Sold on a liberal money—back guarantee.



Send 2c for





 





   

 

 





 





$1.60 (except in Canada and extreme West and South).

Dr. Hess Stock Book.





   

 

 

 





 





him full details. Mention this paper an send 2c stamp, 96-page





Veterinary Book also free.





 

 





!N$__ TAN T lOUSE KILLER KILLS llGE





 





bred to lay. Eggs





 





 

 

 





Eco «

They must be furnished with





to make satisfactory growth of muscle.





9883- .





5c. 50c. 31 up. After the third





ofuteed consumed. 25c. 50c. Si.





25-lb. Pail

Your money back if it fails."





Philadelphia





0 o o

, 111g icks 1gb .

the right kind

In quick growth and early maturity. Rush those cockerels to market-





able size and turn them into cash before i

completely developed and ready to fill thglligggsffllth





paw Baby Chick Food





contains just. the necessary ingredients to lve

weeksthe best. possible start. at. a cost of 1% perfltljllrtlkt?m1





”ft/ts? Poultry Regulator





in the ration to aid digestion and make the greatest gain for every pound

. $2.50.





Our products are sold by dealers everywhere. or





PRATT FOOD COMPANY

Chicago





gaday Barred Rooks, from record layers.





. per 15. Eggaday Poultry Ranch. Marshall. Mich.





E

$1





 





E E —Bnrred Rock. first few mated with ckls.

823. ggsdirect from Bradley Broa..$3 per 13. Utility

flock. $2 per 15. A. A. PATTULLO. Deckerville. Mich.





 





of material if they are

bone and feather. Profit lies





 

 





 





0R SALE-Eggs from prize winning R. C, R. l.Reds.31.50 per 15.

Eggs from standard bred fawn A: white Ind. Runner Ducks.

white eggs strain. $1.50 per la. Coy G.Brumm. Nashville. Mich.





 

 





Get the pullets

(all and winter





 

 

   





 





QILVER LACED. golden and whiteWyandottes. Eggs

L for hatching at. reasonable prices; send for circular.

Browning's Wyandotte Farm, R. 30. Portland. Mich.





S.C.R.R. COCKERELS FOR SALE—5353133.





Elmer Smith. R. 2. Box 52. Redford. Mlcll.





8. I). ll. Minorca Ilockerels and I'. ll. Fall Pigs.





Satisfaction guaranteed. R. W. Mills. Saline. Mich.





' ' ‘ Barred Rock, R. I. Reds. Mimi-

Pnze WInnlng moth Pokinand I. Runnorducks.

Stock for sale. Eggs :1. $2. $3. per set. Utility $5 per 100.

EMVVOOD FARM. R. R. No. 13. Grand Rapids. Mich.





   





the first three

In ores and bags.

mix





   

 

 





 





   





week





   





 

 





 





   

   

 





 





 





 





Coot only one-t-

mnde—light. easy to handle. opens both

are furnilhod com“:





oxc t the hon

sub 3 M3... Six Tram





 





‘Iylnviuo‘nqm from 5 to m Inch“. so mall l

30 Days Frec‘l'n'al and ‘





5 Year Guarantee _

Catalog shows both complete Gates ;

Ind inst the Stool-mt prices you can’t afford

can sam'mxmaa a3.“ -. . : .

Alvln V. Rowe. Pros.

mu MANUFACTURING co.

665 m 83.. calm Ill.





 





 





 





$





g9 FOR THIS

— DANDY GATE





These gates are not

a special lot built down

to a low price. but are

full of the same qual-

ity. satisfaction and

durability which can

be obtained in any of our

triple-galvanized. M3!!-

cnrhon stool





Iowa Gates





The filling of this serviceable and ornamental gate is

extra close diamond mesh. Gate has strong frame, pat-

ent latch, etc. Comes in all sizes; plain and fancy tops.

Style E Farm Gate. illustrated below, is another

leader sold at a much lower price than asked for other

gates of its kind. Painted or galvanized. All sizes.

The best lumber dealer in . your town has these

fates on sale. If you don‘t know his name, write us

or booklet. name of dealer. special prices. etc.





IOWA GATE 60., 57CIay 8t" Coda:- Fallo, In.

I?





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





- as much as ordinary iron. wire or gas pipe

gates. but last twice as long. Neat in appearancr—best and strongest gate





between eight angle stool uprights and double truss braces. guaranteed never to can.

Cost Loss ThanAlI Wood Gata—LmtSTimesas Long

ready

Page}? oolf~l

Improved Elevating Attachment permits the are to be ruined full loud:





 





ORPINGTONS—Are winter layers and money



makers on the farm. Eggs

from record layers. Bufl'land Whites. $2 for 30, 86 for ll .

BROOKDALE ORPING’I‘ON FARM, Hillsdale. Mich.





COLUMBIA Wynudottes. Winners at Chicago,Grand

Rapids. South Bend and St. Jose h. Stock and eggs,

RICHARD SAWYER. Benton arbor.





AK KNOLL POULTRY—Silver and Partridge

Wyandottes and Ind. Runner Ducks. E3 in for

sale. E. H. &J.A. COLLAR. Coopersville. Mic igan.





 





Michigan.





 





 

 





ways. Boards are double bolted





 

 





 





 

   

 

 





ROSE COMB BROWN LEGHORNS from Mild. Square Garden

Winners. eggs and duyuold chicks our 5 ecialtv. Also Ilium.





bohnn. 'tththe la hlch

«my - 300° ." cod Claudia Betta. 1 lllsdule. Mil-ii.





in; hinge feature-numb:

moo Brace.





Pekin Duck eggs.

a gate: extra strong.





 





   





TANDARD BRED POULTRY R. I. REDS either comb. Show

canon-under. Indtonwing overflow. quality eggs $2 per I5. Fancy $2 per 30. Runner AZ lloucn

duck eggs $1.50 per 12. At. geese eggs $2.50 per 5. All lllnlle'l





free to you. Micll. dent seed corll $2 per bus,

FRENCH FRUIT & POI'LTRY FARM, liudi‘nguin, Michigan.





RYSTALWHITE()RPINGTONS--Excellentlaying

strain. eggs at half price. Breeding stock at

greatl reduced prices after May lat. Mutinglist. MRS.

WILL S HOUGH, Pine Crest Farm. Royal Oak. Mich.





LILLIE FARI’ISTEAD POULTRY





B. P. Rocks. R. I. Rods W. Le horn e

for $3.50 RIB





 





 





 





 





 





 





. and S. C.

for sale. 15 for $1: 28 for $1.50: 50

COLON O. LlLLIE. Coopersville. Mich.





HITEROCK. S. Q. WHITE LEGHORN. BLACK

Spanish and Indian Runner duck eggs, 1:3. 31.2.3:





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





30. 2; 50 ii; . ". . ‘ '



Fweuvurv‘fimtm Dimléromhc . 3 S» 100 to G N. BUR’l. ()akwood. Olilo.



. '. "rep“ ' AMMOTH BRONZE TOM TITRKEY‘ ~ ' I '

:fi: 8817831“ Prices—13c per rod up M from 10 lbs. to 35 lbs. each. according 1% agg'g‘l‘i'lg

piflwri'” Get our new iencebookbelore Turkey Eggs. $3for10. A. E. ORAM'I‘ON Vassar Mich

Wfififidfi’" youbuylencelorthut-b ' ' ‘



W pail p" r; dc. Sheep, Hoar. Poultry. Etc. F . . —VVI 't



- a w ‘wn Fence and Gates awn and While Indian Ilunner Ducks ..,}.'.,?°’i§



euo imoncy—' h'h e f 1. W. . ‘ , ,‘ - '.

quality. Mnilv youm‘iorBi‘FeglgeeBzggfin 93! 885 01's E POMEROY. BX‘OVIDCIC}. Michigan.





 





Dql. 49 THE BROWN FENCE U WIRE (10.. CLEVELAND. OHIO





BEE SUPPLIES





Send your name for free cutnlo .

5. J. GRIGCS a co.. 23 N. Erie sufl‘oledo. 0.





II. II. II. I. IIEII EGGS.$1.50PE815. POSIPAIII. .

BUELL BROS. Ann Arbor. Mlclilgan.

Whll. w andofles—Isgnowgvhifio. W'interlnyingstrnin‘.

circular.’ David Ray. gigsll‘gies: T311013 $p§ielgndtifiolld 3311.1.)





WIIITE WYANDOTTEgfimf“ Winter m...





' E f -

circulars now ready. L. M. OLDS. Ifsifgnlllfclllllgg:





WHITE lEGnonNS_:1¥Y£?§k%fl Strain". stock





Maple City Poultry Plant. Box 0-. gdlliimcum free'





rlotte. Mloh.



' —Noted for size. vi d -

\IIIIIa Wlandofies dual... 191. c.3512? .2:i."’?..

February. A. FRANKLIN SMITH. Ann Arbor. Mich.





 





 





 





 





POULTRY.





INGLETS BARRED ROCKS—Birds of uality and

size. Cock weighs 11 lbs. and cockorels that head

selected pens. Eggs $1 ‘30 for Also choice Bronze

Turkeys. eggs 8 1.50 for 10. Ten years a breeder. Plain

View Farm. J. W. Salinrd. Prop.. Romeo. Michigan.





 





 





ARRED BOOKS. S. C. Reds. We still have a few

good Red Cockerols for sale at $2 apiece. E go for

hate lng. OSTRANDER BROS. Morley. lch.





 





DOGS.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Fox. Coon. Skunk





CHICKS—We ship thousanda.difi'erent varieties. gowns Full Illllllllg and Rabbits. FEIIIIEIS





prices right. Now booklet just out. free. end20 stamp. VI. . LECKY. Holmesville. Ohio





 





 





«wit ‘ , '-wiu--§}E‘-.i'---o- gigging-Qty” “£333,113?

Iwill send you pre aid.

F u R $ 2 the most wonderful lttle

WASHING IMGIIIII

ever made. Re In rice 83.50. Easy tooperoto—tho





children will I: Ink 1: fun. It. is absolutely guaran-

. and if not satisfactory money will be returned.

and earn big commissions undo

ALICE C. PAGE. Call Bldg"

. “Everybody knows me."





FBEEPORT HATCHERY. Box 12. Freeport. Mich,

_ FOX AND WOLF HOUND

EGGS BARRED ROCKS [31%;833923 T233312] of the best English strains in Amer-sl-





w. o. COFFMAN. R. No. 6, Benton Harbor. Mich. 0“: 4° yem 9‘ "‘9‘109 “1 Weeding

White Egg Strain Indian





these fine honn a for my own sport.

WHY PAY M0RE? Runner Duck Eggs 3115:0112.





I now 0361' them for sale.

L. J. BLAKELY. Route 2. New Baltimore. Mic igan.





 





 





Send stamp for Catalogue.

‘I'. I. IIUISPE‘III. SIIiIIy. Jackson 60.. lo.





 





 





When writing advertisers

mention The Michigan Farmer.





--B (111 k.WhlteW , 'l 8 led C

teas Bazaar gifiymra‘ferallraaim P‘ “6





settings. Mrs E. SHOP. Lake Odom. Mich.
THEIMICHI‘GAN FARMER





MAY 3, 1913.





 





HEWO

BELGIAN S





”N E'W'IMPORTATION





We have given more than a quarter

century to importing breeding and dis-

tribution of the Belgian horse. We

handle no other breed and believe we

have now in this new importation of

stallions and mares a clan of horses

that will please you. and all are for

sale at prices not equelled_by anyone

in the business when merit is consider-

ed. Will be pleased to have you ask

about them and to visit us at any time.





H. & H.WOLF





Wabash, Ind.

HEWO STOCK FARM





 





 





 





 





Saginaw Valley Stook Farm





Importers of





Belgian and Percheron

Stallions and Mares.





Formerly of Decatur, lndlana. 15 Years lmporlers.





   





 





alllllllllllllllll|ll||Illlll|lIlllIIlllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||l|l||l||||ll|||l|IIIIIIIIIIE

E - —

g Veterinary. E

5%”llllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllll||Illllllllllllllllllllllll||llllllllllIlllllllllllll||llllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIE





CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.





Advice through this department is free

to our subscribers. Each. communication

should state history and symptoms of the

case in full; also name and address of

writer. Initials only will be published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to someone else. When

reply by mail is requested, it becomes

private practice, and a. fee. of $1.00 must

accompany the letter.





 





 





Closure of the Milk Duct—I have sev-

eral cows that seem to have teat trouble,

one teat becoming infected after anoth-

er; both old and new milkers seem to be

affected. J. G., Reed City, Mich.—

Your cows suffer from an inflammation of

the mucus membrane of the milk duct

and the disease first starts at external

opening and may gradually work up to

udder, causing a narrowing of the milk-

canal through teat. If the constriction

is only at the outlet, it may be opened

with a teat opengr or sharp pen knife,

cutting, of course, in two directions. The

opening may be kept from closing by us-

ing a feat plug or by a spring dilator.

Inject the following solution into teat,

which is made by dissolving 2 grs. per-

manganate of potash in half a pint of

clean boiled water. In my practice I fre—

quently dilate teat with a sound and this

seems to work very well. The hand of

milker should be immersed in a two per

cent solution of carbolic acid; besides,

the udders of cows and teats should be

waShed with the same lotion. Kindly

understand the milker usually spreads

this infection from one cow to the other.



\Vorms.—I have some pigs that root a

great deal, standing on their heads, and

i think worms are the cause of this trou-

ble. WV. 0., Cassopolis, Mich—Give your

pigs fluid extract of spigelia and fluid ex-

tract of scnna, equal parts. and twice a

day until they purge, then the worms will

be pretty much killed. One—half ounce

is a dose for a pig that will weigh from

100 to 200 lbs.



Navel Infection—There is a great loss

in this locality by little pigs dying. ‘\\'hole

litters of them die When only a few days

old. Could you give me any light as to

the cause of this trouble. and suggest

treatment for sows that are due to far-

row in a short time? l4]. F._ Birming—

ham, Mich—As you doubtless know, pigs

are usually kept in very filthy places;

everything being favorable for a young





 





 





Just arrived with an extra good importation

of stallions from 2 to at years old, which we

offer at very reasonable and attractive prices





with guarantee the best. If you come with

cash or baukable paper we will try our best

to sell to you. We have our selling cloth on

every day in week. Write your wants or

come and see us.





ELI SPRUNGER I: SON, Prone.

Bell Phone 292 I J—Z. Saglnaw.w.s. Mich.





BUSY





EVERY DAY





SHOWING





STALLIONS





SELLING





AT THE





LOW DOLLAR





SEE THEM AT





GEO.W. SOUERS & SONS.





HUNTINGTON. INDIANA.

(Stallion Service Book, 10 cents.)





A. A. PALMER 6: SONS





Open the season with the finest aggregation of





PERBHERD Stallions





and Mares



they have ever oflered to the breeding public.

60 Head to select from.



P. 0. Holding. Mloh. R. R. Orleans.





PERCH ERO N S





bred for utility as well as show quality. Stable

includes several international Winners. Young

stock for sale. me. or writ

B. F. ANDERSON. R. No. 1.





 





 





 





 





 





e

Adrain, Michigan.





 





42 registered Percheron Stallions coming

For Sale one y or old. Both grays and cod large





fellows. M. A. BAY, Okemos. Mic can.





.. «mains... ,. -, .. “gamma-





 





pig to absorb infective germs through the

navel opening and that is why I think

the young pigs are (lying. If the navels

of youngpigs are not treated after birth,

the pen and bedding should be as clean

as possible. Paint the navels of every

young pig with iodine, then apply one

part iodoform and 20 parts boracic acid

once a day until their navels are healed.

The sow should be kept clean.





RheumatiSm—Leg \Venkness.—I would





like to know what is wrong with my

hens; they show lameness, first in one

foot then in the other; finally they are





unable to walk and soon die. The trouble

seems to be in the bottom 0f foot. Mrs.

M. B., \Vaterloo, Mich—It is possible that

your chickens injure their feet on roost-





lng pole or the coop yard may be fil-

thy, and infect them. llip the foot in

one part chinosol and 250 parts water





two or three times a day and give each

chicken one-eighth of a grain of salicy-

late of soda. at a dose three times daily.



Partial Paralysis—Three weeks ago I

went to feed my cows, I found one of

them down and unable to get up, but

with assistance we put her on foot; since

then she has not been down or if she did

lie down has gotten up without assist-

ance. ller appetite is very poor. W. E.





 





 





 





 





..._ an...“ “a...





N., Leetsville. Mich—Give your cow 1 dr.

potassium iodide, 1 dr. fluid extract nux

vomica and 1 oz. fluid extract gcntian at

a dose as a drench three times a. day.



Mare Does Not Come in Heat—I have

a seven-year-old mare that raised colts

before I bought her; bred her last

spring, but she failed to get with foal.

\Vhat can I give her to bring her in

heat? I also have a brood sow that does

not come in heat. R. L., Snow Hill,

Md—Give your mare ] dr. ground nux

vomica, 15 grs. powdered cantharides and

a teaspoonful of powdered capsicum at a

dose in damp feed three times a day.

Give your sow a teaspoonful of powdered

capsicum at a dose in feed three times

a day. Both the mare and sow will per-

haps come in heat as soon as the warm

weather sets in.



Apoplexy—Paralysis of Lips—I‘Vhile

pulling a load in a snow drift one of my

horses seemed to stagger and fall. after

that the lips appeared to hang as if they

were paralyzed. He seems to have par-

tially recovered. but when walking stag-

gers and wabblcs considerable. This horse

is also blind and wind-broken. I have

owned him three years and he has been

a very good worker. J. H. H” Alanson,

Mich—Give your horse 2 drs. potassium

iodide, 1 dr. potassium bromide and 1dr.

ground nux vomica at a dose in soft feed

three times a day. He should be fed no

clover or dusty, musty, badly cured fod-

der of any kind.



Pigs Have Thumps.—I have a sow with

a litter of pigs and one of the litter took

thumps when only a week old and died

and since then one more died from the

same disease. I have been feeding the

sow skim-milk and'corn; now I would

like to know what causes thumps and

What will cure it. C. C. V'., Niles, Mich.

——Thumps is frequently the result of in-

digestion or due to a diseased condition

of the heart, a spasm of the diaphragm





 





is sometimes confounded with palpitation

or organic disease of the heart. Acute

indigeStion may cause thumps and this

form may develop when the animal has

not been exerted. However, in your

pigs, I believe they have heart trouble

and cannot be treated successfully. You

will perhaps lose no more, but I advise

you to change the sow’s feed. It is al-

ways good treatment to give stimulants,

such as alcohol, whiskey, digitalis and in

some cases small doses of nitro-glycerine.

I also suggest that you change this sow’s

food supply, keep her clean and make

her exercise.



Obstructed Teat—Caked Quarter.-I

have a cow that came fresh two months

ago that has a growth in one teat mak-

ing it impossible to draw milk through

it without the use of a tube. The quarter

of udder seems quite hard. Mrs. M. S.,

Montague, Mich—Apply one part iodine

and 20 parts fresh lard to udder and teat

once a day. Give her 2 drs. potassium

iodide at a dose three times a day.



Heifer Fails to Come in Heat—I have

a heifer past two years of age that has

never been in season. Can you give

treatment to bring her in heat? G. A.

XV, \Vatervliet, Mich—Your 'heifer may

never come in heat. Give her 1 dr. of

ground nux vomica, a teaspoonful of

powdered capsicum and 15 grs. powdered

cantharides at a dose in feed two or

three times a day. .



“'eak Back—I have a cow 13 years old

that I have to help up twice a day. At-

ter she is up, she seems to be quite

strong, but appears to be some sore in

feet and back. J. A; 1%., Allegan, Mich.—

Give: your cow 11/3 drs. ground nux vom-

ica and 4 drs. acetate of potash at a

dose in feed or water as a drench three

times a day. Apply one part turpentine,

one part aqua ammonia and four parts

olive oil to back twice a day.



Sprained Stifle Ligaments.~Some three

months ago my more strained stifle. caus—

ing great lameneSS and after blistering

with cantharides and lard once a week

for four weeks she is some better. but

not able to work. \Vhat can be done to

make her improve faster? T. H. L.,

C(mpersville; Mich—Apply one part red

iodide mercury and ten parts cerate of

cantharides to stifle once a week.



“eaves—Bruised Hip.——l\Iy 14-year-old

mare has heaves and is much distressed

when working. After jumping a fence

and falling my mare has been lame, after

working all day she holds leg up as if

suffering pain, but after a night rest she

comes out next morning sound. J. 8.,

Memphis. Mich—Feed her no clover or

musty fodder, very little bulky food and

give her 1/2 oz. Fowler's solution at a

dose in feed three times a day. Your

other mare bruised her hip and will be

benefited by being rubbed with qual parts

spirits of camphor and alcohol twice a

day.



Cmigh—Rheumntism.—I have a 12-year-

old more that has been troubled with a

cough for several months; has some dis-

charge from nostrils; she is also sore and

stiff and her joints crack whenever she

starts to walk. J. H., Yale, Mich—Give

1161' 1/2 oz. licorice and 1/2 oz. ginger at a

dose in feed three times a day; also give

her 1 dr. sodium salicylate at a dose in

feed three times a day.



Scrotal Tumor.-I have a two-year—old

colt that has a bunch in scrotum and our

local Vet. tells me he is not ruptured.

This bunch decreased in size during cold

weather, but lately it enlarges. L.

M., Nashville, MiclL—VVhen he was cas-

trated the cord united to skin of scrotum

and a tumor has grown on end of cord.

The only remedy is to cut off end of

cord and wound will soon heal. This is

not a dangerous operation, but it should

be done before hot weather sets in. '



Chronic Muscular VVeakness—Chorem—

I have a nine-year-old mare due to foal

in a few days which appears to_liave a

weakness of muscles of fore arms. After

a heavy pull her muscles jerk and trem-

ble considerable; this tro'uble has exist-

ed for sever-.11 years. E. .\., Reed City,

Mich—Rubbing her fore leg with alcohol

two or three times a day will palliate

this ailment, but she will never get well.



Bog Spavin—Thoroughpin.—Two months

ago my horse went lame, at which time

a puffy swelling appeared on fore leg and

outside of liOck joint. Have. applied blis-

ter, but neither-lameness or swelling has

disappeared. S. M., Grand Haven, Mich.

Apply equal parts tincture iodine and

spirits of camphor to bunch once a day;

or apply one part red iodide mercury and

eight parts cerate of cantharides once a

week. There are also reliable advertised

remedies for this trouble.



Infectious .~\b,ortion.——I have a cow that

has calved twice since Christmas and her

last calf soon died. My other cows on

same amount of food are doing well. The

teeth of this cow are all loose, and our

neighbor told me to split her tail, put

salt and pepper in it, then wrap it up

with a cloth and if she continued to get

worse to bore. holes in her horn and put

turpentine in it. F. B., Freesoil, Mich.—

\Vet the hind parts of your cow with one

part coal tar disinfectant and 20 parts

water—or apply one part bichloride mer-

cury and 1.000 parts watermor one part

carbolic acid and 49 parts water daily.

Give. her 1 oz. fluid extract gentian, 1dr.

fluid extract nux vomica and 1/3 oz. fluid

extract cinchona at a. dose in feed or as

a drench three times a day.



Infected Udder.——I have a nine-year—old

Jersey cow that drOpped her calf April 3,

which has a whole lot of udder trouble.

One-quarter of the bag is very much in-

flamed and enlarged. IV. 0., Three Riv-

ers, Mich—Give her 1/2 oz. fluid extract

of phytolacca at a dose three times a

day. Also apply one part fluid extract

of phytolacca and five parts glycerine to

bag twice a day. If her bowels are cos-

tive, give epsom salts.



Indigestion—Have a calf seven weeks

old that bloats after eating or drinking

separator milk. I put a little lime water

with each meal. .N. 8., Mt. Clemens,

Mich—Put a teaspoonful of bicarbonate

soda in his milk with each meal. 0r give

15 grs. salicylic acid with each meal.‘





 





 





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Puts you—or your boys-in the big paying,





 





fast growing business of baling hay! 'Net

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Our special terms to responsible peop e at you

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Gas Engine on Same Truck



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The Sandwich has a simple timectried self feeder

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Beats every ordinary pressfrom 2 to 8 tons dsil .

tons are an everyday Job for the Sandwich;

often 80 to 40.





Thls Book FREE

Write today for post-

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w





 





In" . Council-Ila": . ms Kins-s Ci Mo.





 





 





 





You (lanft Cut Out aaoaaaoaasss





. will clean them of! permanently, and you

work the horse same time.

blister or remove the hair. $2.00 per

bottle. delivered. Book 4 E free.

ABSORBINE, JR., liniment for

Rup-

urged





 





Does not





mankind, reduces Varicose Veins

tured Muscles or Ligaments, Enl

Glands, Goitres, Wens, Cysts. Allays

pain quickly. Price $1.00 and $2.00 a bot,-

tle at druggists or del v red. Will tell you more

if you write. Manufactured only by





W.F.YOUNG. P.D.F..268Temple St..Sprlnafield,Mdsa.

nu unrest nun BEST no: or ‘





WELL DRILLING





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_ have been making

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Austin Manufacturing 00., chicago.

one fina-





Fllll SALE m. o. Belgian Stallion





Sound and right in every way. Also a 3-year-old

JACK. Or will trade for other live stock and real

estate. Address W. G. Himmelwright. FrankfortJnd.





 





 





 





Mention the Michigan Farmer

when writing to advertisers.
‘ \l"





MAY 3, 1913.; _





EllllIlililllllllllllllllllil|lII|lIllIlllllllllllllIIillIllllllIlillIlllIllllllillllIlllilllllllillillllllllllllllllilllfl .





2 Farmers’ Clubs





LEI!“lillll|lllllIllIIlllllillllllIll!llIIllllIllilllflllllilllllllilllllllllilll||IlllllHillIiillillllilllillilillillllgij





OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIA-

TION OF FARMEBS' CLUBS.





 





President—Jas. N. McBride, Burton.



Vice-President—C. B. Scully, Almont. ‘



Secretary—Treasurer—Mrs. .C. P. John

son, Metamora.



Directors—C. P. Johnson, Metamora;

H. W. Chamberlain, White Lake; Wm.

T. Hill, Carson City; Jerry Spauldlng,

Bedding; R. J. Robb, Mason; J. F. Re-

main, Flint.



Address all communications relative to

the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C.

P. Johnson, 'Metamora, Mich.





Associationai Motto: .

The skillful hand, with cultured mind,

is the farmer's most valuable asset.





 





Associationai Sentiment:

The farmer, he garners from the soil

the primal wealth of nations.





 





WHAT THE LOCALNCLUBS ARE

DOING. ..





 





The Rives and Eaast Tompkins Club,

of Jackson County.—This Club holds 12

meeting during-the year at the homes of

the members. An August picnic is the

special feature. The Club numbers about

70 members. The entertainment com-

mittee is among the standing committees

of the Club and the social feature of the

organization is emphasized. The Novem—

ber meeting is a benefit for the chaplain,

who is the local pastor. This Club holds

a Club fair in October which is always

a succeSSful event. This is held in the

town hall and the proceeds from same

are used for charitable purposes, having

for‘ some years been donated ' to the

Friendly Home of Jackson. The Club is

growing, due to the efforts of the young

people who are a special committee to

solicit members. Outside Speakers are

secured upon some occasions, and alto-

gether, the Club is in a prosperous con-

tlition.



The Progressive Farmers Club of HMS-

dale County.—This is a new Club, organ-

ized in January, 1912, the membership

being made up of former Ohio farmers

now living in the vicinity of Litchfield,

Irlillsdale county. This organization works

hand in hand with the Jersey Cattle Club

of that section, and the Litchfield Farm-

ers’ Club. The membership is limited to

25 familieS. Twelve meetings are held

during the year, while once a year all

three of the above mentioned Clubs hold

a. common meeting.





WILL PROMOTE CORN CONTEST.

At its last meeting the Tuscola County





 





Association of Farmers' Clubs decided to





promote a corn growing contest for the

boys of the county and have the corn

on exhibition at the Round-Up of Farm-

ers' Institutes next January. A commit-

tee of three, consisting of F. A. Turner,

Godfrey Montei and C. \V. Smith. was

appointed to supervise the work and

make. all arrangements for the contest.

This is a most practical special feature

of Club work and one which should tend

to promote the interest of the young peo-

ple in the organization throughout the

county. The-outcome of this movement

will be watched with interest by all who

are interested in the Farmers' Club move-

ment of the state.





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





 





A Good Life the Best Memorial.—The

Odessa Farmers‘ Club met Saturday af-

ternoon, April 12, at the home of Mr.

and Mrs. Charles Begerow, northeast of

It was well attended considering





town.

the bad roads. A good program was car-

ried out. The president, M. L. Foght, had





charge of the meeting. The roll call was

responded to with answers to the ques-

tion, “How I may help the Farmers?”

The fiI‘St subject discussed was “In what

Wny can a public spirited citizen leave the

best memorial to his town?” “The most

essential thing is to live a pure, upright

christian. making no wilful mistakes;”

“Put into practice the Golden Rule;”

“One ounce of reSpect is worth more than

a pound of friendship;” “Since Ionia

county has gone dry several public spirit-

ed citizens talk of going out of business,

their closed doors would be the best me-

morial they could leave to their town;”

“A good name is better to be chosen

than great riches;” “Applying our fi-

nances to public libraries and schools is

a good memorial;" "Serving the peOple

through public office for private gain is

not a memorial at good.” The‘ next sub-

ject was, “Which furnishes the. greater

inSpiration, looking backward 0r looking

forward,” and was ably discussed.

“Looking backward or forward depends

largely upon the age of the individual and

what the past life has been;" “if in look-

ing backward we find we have failed it

inspires us to do better and press on to-

ward the mark;”_ “Hope in the future is

a. great inspiration;” "Looking back over

a life of usefulness is an inspiration to

do more in the future." A song, “Heav-

enly Sunlight,” was sung and the meet-

ing adjourned. A bountiful supper was

served and everyone felt: .well repaid for

being presentifieporter. .. . _.





men named S—-——.





 

 

 





ElllilliHI|llllllllllllllillllilllllllllillllllllIlllilllllllllllIlllllllillllllllIlllllIlilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfll





Our Motto—“The farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved.”





THE MAY PROGRAMS.





||l|





 





Suggestions for Second Meeting.



A story, read or told.



Improved Methods of delivering milk,

by a man and woman.



Character song.



Work of the Travelers’ Aid Society and

similar organizations for assisting strang-

ers, a paper.



Ought we to use Time on our soils? If.

so, how much? Where get it? Answered

by three men.



Humorous recitation.



Roll call responded to by each giving

experience with an unpleasant piece 'of

work.





Self-serve refreshments in charge of





OCEANA PATRONS HEAR HELPFUL

PAPERS AND TALKS.





 





Oceana Pomona _met with Sylvan

Grange on Saturday, April 19, and prob-

ably no previous meeting of the organi-

zation was more successful or more high-

ly enjoyed. The weather was just a bit

too fine to insure a large crowd, as the

spring here is very backward. However.

the attendance was fairly good.



“Agricultural Education” was discussed

in three excellent numbers, Miss Nettie

Burke, who furnished one of these pa—

pers, delighting the audience by a recital

of the progress of her pupils in element-





ary agriculture during the present school

year. She told how they had begun by

studying the simpler forms of life, and

gradually step by step moved forward.

She told of a series of experiments, easy

but very interesting, by which she had

taught the pupils how water rises in the

soil, how plants obtain food and mois-

ture, and the importance of seed testing.

The story of the propagation of plant life

on the earth and the perfection of color

and flavor of fruit through ages of evo—

Iution was extremely interesting. The

boys and girls in her classes had been

taught grafting and had produced some

very good specimens of this work. They

had found time during the year to study

the types and breeds of farm animals.

and animated discussions had arisen from

time to time, in class, as to the compar-

ative merits of the pure—bred and the

“scrub.” She said, “Nothing that I have

ever done in the way of teaching, in oth-

er lines, has proven so interesting as this

new work in agriculture." \Ve can but

wish that Miss Burke’s excellent address

might have been heard by every school

commissioner and every rural teacher in

the state.



Bro. E. Long told us how to produce

cheap pork. Bro. Long is a very suc-

cessful hog man and he has found out

how to feed cull beans to the best advan-

tage, mixing them in just the right pro-

portion with other grain. He says he has

produced hogs the paSt winter at prac-

tically ,three cents per pound alive. Of

c0urse, we must remember that .there has

not been a time in many years when cull

beans! were to be had at the exceedingly

low price for which they could be bought

this winter, and probably the time will

not soon come again.



Brother Frank Evans is ”a live wire”

in the Grange. He always fills his place

full. On this occasion he took us to some

points of interest in the west. We went

with him through Yellowstone Park and

he made it all so real that we could al-

most see and hear the wonderful geysers

play, and feel the boiling water sprink-

ling our faces. While he told us of the

thinness of, the crust of the earth in

places. and the danger of going through

and being roasted alive if one attempted

to travel without a guide, we ac-

tally pressed the floor hard with

our feet to assure ourselves that we were

in the pleasant church, in one of the

finest locations in Oceana county. and not

out in “The Yellowstone” treading on dan-

gerous ground. We. went with him next

to the great lumber region, and as he told

how they move those wonderful trees, and

of the man who mops the track with oil

in order that it be as slippery as it can

be made, the hair would have stood up

on the head of the writer. if there had

been hair to stand. This is a great fruit

county, but Bro. Evans‘s story of the

prune industry in the Santa Clara Valley

makes us feel rather small.



And finally, I would tell of Sister Wood-

man’s address which followed, but one

Should hear her in order to feel and

know the ,value of her addreSSes. She

has a. message. Get her, and give her

time to speak to the minds and hearts in

Your Pomona and in the community out-

side t‘he order.



A delightful contribution to the pro-

gram was furnished by the children of

the school in the community, consisting

of recitations, songs, and a flag drill. This

is the first time that the children have

been invited to participate in our Po-

mona programs, but it will not be the

last. The coming of the children into our

open meetings interests those in the

neighborhood who are as yet outside the

order, and the plan should be tried in

many other places.



Oceana POmona will hold a big rally at

Hart in August, and Past Master Hull

will be asked to deliver the address.



W. F. TAILOR.





 

 





r & Ligh





WJ‘





Never Before ‘1']! Never Again

_A_ Roofing Offer Like This!





' We have only a. limited amount of this Corrugated Iron

Roofing at this price. It is brand new, perfect, first-class in every

respect, but light weight. We bought it at a forced sale and must sell

it quick. Sheets 22x24x154 inch corrugation. Our wrecking price is

only $1.25 per 5 uare. delivered F. O B. Cars Chicago. On this Item

I only Lot No. A. 3. 700. We cannot. pay frei hirat. this unheard of price.

’lplfis is not galvanized, but laok‘SteeI Roofing. rite for our special





Buys Best

° ' ' on Galvanized Roof-

Freight Prepa'd pr'ces ing. The lowest prices

ever ofl’ered in the history of Roofin We must move





 

   

 

 





 





 





 





PerlOO Sq.Ft.





 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





 

 

 





 





. ROOFING





our surplus stock on all of our roo ng. materials. We have absolutely “smashed”

prices on every kind ofroofing material. This is your opportunitv to _buy what you need at a

remendous saving. We lntendto malntainour Iendershipus the largest. "direct to consumer" Roofing

Material Concern on earth and we defy any competitor to meet our prices.

w w M on any and ever kind of roofing,

e "I save You oney siding or ceiling. I you are thinking of

re-roofing your house, barn, granaries, poultgy houses, etc., write us and. we Wlll give

you the benefit of our years of experience an our best adv1ce as to the kind and qual-

ityyou should buy. We have full stocks of Plain Flat. Corrugated,.Stand1ng Scam and V"

Crimped sheets, suitable for all covering purposes—Roofing, Siding, Ceiling, Lining, etc.

Metal Roofln are best and chea est in the long run. easiest to ay, longest life, non-absorbent:

fire, water an lightning proof: 000 or in Summer warmer in Winter: do not. taint: rain water; with

ordinary care will last; a lifetime. The unequalled buying ower. made ossible by our perfect. buying





prganizaticinkand lour 8‘ . 00.003 Capttfial Stank—goo ea it. possible

1 or us to p 0 up t ese “snaps" an pass em one 0 you.

Gum ROOFING '



800K FREE





mm m Write Today for Free Sample





.

i

. l

‘ Wrecklu “"9"" : Tell us kind of building and size, also ask for our speclal low

Deva‘iZ We!” : frolxllt plld prices and clear, easily understood roofingprop-

i

u





 





 





osltion, including our BINDING GUARANTEE which, for twenty ears.

has protected every purchaser. Your money back if any goods all to

meet our representation. Don't tail to send coupon for Great Free Roofing Book.





Ghibago House Wreckingco.





Dept. K. 42 Chicago —





_ Send me. free._vmn~

Roofing Catalog.

~,





Nam -.-





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Address ......................___





.aasaeei .« “he

'1





mil? “ o

w “9% “Farmers’ Pride





AGeneral Purpose Special Price $ 9 6 7





 

 





\I‘ -





Saddle That Fills for March

Every Need. and April





Seldom is an opportunity offered-to buy a good saddle at

a low price, and never has so fine a saddle as our ”Farmers' .

l’ridc" been altered at anywhere near the price we are quot- (73“?

mg, Just another example of Sears, Roebuck and Co.’s li‘ié

policy of distributing dependable merchandise at prices 5%

based on production cost plus one proiit. , -C

This is the way we make it: 2%; ~

TREE—iBlg-inch, Morgan style. SEAT—Half leather covered, roll I"

steel loirkbaand hokrn: sitircepskfin cant e. (

coverm rs, ma 'mg to 53 ' STlRRUP. ' ’l,

die easy on the “0555 back. full lengtliTgAEuSJIg/é liegfidlcerssmgfiz' 9‘

SKIRTS—21 inches long. inches wide, 1H2 inches long, at- {l

‘ RIGGING—Doublc cinch rigged, tached; 3-inch Texas bolt stirrups. 5'»;

with l~inch tie straps to tie; 4- Weight of saddle. about 13 pounds; n}-



inch soft hair cinches. packed for shipment,about 20 pounds. 4‘ T?





No. 10W35130214 Price.........................$9,67 git?





 





 





 





 





 





I

#0.

Send us an order for either or both of these items and we will ship promptly. Your ’3ng

, money back if you are _not pleased. Take advantage of these low prices now, as hides {(53121

' are scarce and leather is steadily advancing in price. This is an opportunity that will ’94.)

f, not be presented again. Our comp'etp line of exceptional values in harness. saddlery @733:

- and accessories In shown In our beautifully Illustrated Bil-pace Special Harness Catalog. 539:5.

Write “Harness” on a postal card. sign your name and address and we will man .534?"

you this catalog postnaid. Act now and send us an order and save money. 35,3‘9'/

M: .

19.41.13,





66 9' is still a 0th r iik‘é'f

Our Mansfield Farm Harness Sm, bfimfn {203%

strong._serviceablc double farm harness worth almost twice the price we ask for it. '

Followmg are the specxficatlons:

BRIDLES—%-inch short cheeks, round side PADS—Flat harness leather, felt lined; drop hooks

. b- reins. sensible blinds. nickel spots. and tenets; nickel spots; folded beilybantls: ll/A- Q

,3 LINES—4% inches wide. 18 feet long. inch hip and back straps: scalloped safes, -

HAMES—Wood, iron bound, square staple: cruppers buckled on; Cooper‘s trace caz- "

Moeller hame tugs, jointed Concord clip at. tiers, nickel spotted on outside.

tachments; lI/g-inch breast straps and max-

- tingalcs, with collar straps.

{113‘ TRACES—l’i/i, inches wide, Moeller clip cock-

(





eyes.

WRiIMhMINiSEXC buckles.

c g t, ac e for shipment, about 80 pounds.

N0. l08435567'fl1 Price, without

collars.. ...... ..... $32-79

We guarantee this saddle or Immen- tu give

you satisfactory rem/ire.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 





Sears, Roebuck and Co.

Chicago, Ill.





 





 





D [CKELMAN Extra . HEAVY c.0PPER CABLE

“Cluster" Metal Tile Lightning Rods





Cheaper Than Wood or Slate Guaranteed Over

100 Percent Better Than Either : “ ' 93 9‘" °°'" P“"°





70 Per Fool





nirocl to you

lie Middleman





If goods when received are not satisfactor '



' 3, return

them at our expense. when we will refund every

aoélevzgfioghp’g: pat Lgttus know your requirements.



we w " > -

structione for installinag. m “I“ cost you. Full in





   





 





 





 





 





Poeitivelynproof against fire, Iightnin , windstorms

or rust. it perfectly tight with Ice and flange

No water can seep through. 0 soldering—just.

hammer and nails. Cost 0 laying will noltiLefiiceed





Illerunnn' ll Lightning Rod Co.,Dept. M, South Belilnd.

25 cents per square. .Made from DICK AN

EXTRA best. quality open hearth platen. If you





ll) PROPERT

want a perfect roof at a ow cost. put on N OTI c E Over F‘Ol’tyv 0:115ng





DICKELMAN EXTRA 33,11,238 833%th wastfd every year in the

"CLUSTER" eHINGLEs ing .nd-checul... 8:”??3. PAINT





If your'dealer does not handle them write us di- so called high grade mixed

root—don’t accept any cheap substitute. agdtlgfeaoigure c‘hplking ofgead and oil. Fully 90 per

i u too ossonn e savedb th

DIGKBIB%AGI:rgl::lgifgzyegwghcolo MPANY ownen, Write toting; 13.3.1311]; insfgigiyatlog {littlpggg

We also make Cormated.V-crim£ed and Roll Roofing. Paint 3'9“" I” '9' «A Wm" Which Wm 5%“;0?‘ 32?:

Ask for catalog on Dl‘lOOI. other point- ure liable to come oil. We sell vou direct;

and save on from 400 to 600 1);:- allon. Address

,A‘lNT





BEAUTIFUL man 0 A08 USERS C .

25 Souvenir POSTCARDS lepton” 10° 7°7UgionTru-t3idx- D 01?. Mlch.‘





 





 





 





 





ctr

_— 'l’fll nlm oo. wunAmu. n. J. muss—mm“, Itch. sc. Loull. Io.
/





 





 





. .n . g ‘ » . .



32;»? (331!” % . How many, many times has this big, enerous, helpful Book of

are?” C“ ”(1., , Ward’s been your compamon in a pleasant our of shopping llkC'thls

in???“ ' gr '1' ' ——under some friendly old tree or in a sequestered shady nook.



2 Off in the big city miles and miles away; over the smoky railroad, amaddening crowd is

- , (.9: gamut; rushing helter-skelter through stuffy stores of over-priced goods and berldermg assortments. '



f 3’1")" 4; But here how free you are to choose, how comfortable, how at your best to do your best.



M ~ \ 4 Doesn’t it seem a beautiful, natural, wonderful thing that millions shop from Ward’s



. 59:” ‘Cu” in just this way every day and that to farm, home and countless firesides, the bounty of





('ng .3, f: the world is given with an honesty that bespeaks the highest economy.

. 7‘; q ‘i’t’fl Enter this delightful shopping scene—come and sit under this sheltering, friendly tree

5*? "3'59" 717/“ by sending today for the big 1913 catalog of Ward’ 5 free for the asking. Address Dept. V-ll





“’6' W MONTGOMERY WARD £9: COMPANY





Eort Worth. Tex.





Chicano





 





 





 





Kansas City





33‘





j / IA"! iillfl/





221/" f '0,





 





 





//

//,

//"/ .7 \l





X s P





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S'a'ves Halfthe Cost of Hrvest





Simple, strong durable, always in order. Works





 





in all soils at various depths, hillside and level.





Does not cut the potatoes—misses

none—leaves the potatoes clean on

the ground. Vines do not interfere

with the working of the -\

Dowden Digger. '

The ‘Dowden Digger is ful-

ly ranteed — fast. clean

an durable. Thousands in

use all over the world. It’s

the D1 that meets every





if?“ ' ' oont free





 





5 Year Guaranteed Bu

At-1/2- Rgail Pri





_ You take no risk when you buy a buggy

from us. We guarantee it to please you, and to be a bigger

value for your money than you can get anywhere else, or you

needn’t keep it. Reference; 5. ill. Natl. Bank, EastSt. Louis,lll.



Mutunl Buggies. Surreye. Wagons. etc., are

hendlomegt,mostltylieh vehicles

ne guaranteed 5 years. We sell

direct at wholesale prices—end save you $25.00 to

$100.00. Write [or crlalot and delivered prices.



. MUTUAL HARNESS at $5.85 per setup: double



, $14.10 up; work harness $19. up, ellzenuine leath-

er: highest quality; Fullyflulnnieed 25 “150% cheaper than retail. Catalog Free.



mess ureeco" Station 51





 

 

 





the highestquolit

(1 built. The only





 





IMAGE 6 BAR

or Stations! E.





 





b: rlto us today ’ 3.x 3313 Elm Street, PPMI'IO m, la. 1' MUTUAL CAR





 





CC





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





ggies





,‘

“"L'éfmaV‘I—‘e '





 





sewn on APPROVAL.





 





27 Bed Monroe 81., Chicago. I