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The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





 





VOL. CXL. No. 23. i

Whole Number 3646.





DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, JUNE 7, 1913.





50 CENTS A YEAR.

52 FOR 5 YEARS.





The Place of the Automobile on the Farm.





a great many farmers approach it



from a purely economic standpoint,

comparing the cost of transportation by

the automobile with the cost of traVeling

with a horse and carriage, for instance,

or with the use of trolley or steam cars

where same are available for contemplat-

ed or needed trips. While economic con-

siderations should not, of course, be left

out in deciding the question whether or

not to purchase an automobile for farm

use, yet comparisons like those mentioned

above are evidence that the person who

makes them has failed to consider at

least one factor of this problem which

argues strongly for the use of the auto—

mobile upon the farm.



One of the chief objections to farm life

in years gone by has been its isolation;

the lack of social advantages and other

broadening and educational influences. It

is true that modern inventive genius and

commercial development have done much

to relieve these conditions on the farm.

The development of the railways and the

many trolley systems,

the introduction and

general adoption in ru-

ral communities of the

telephone, the develop-

ment and extension of

free rural mail delivery

has placed before the

farmers all the up-to-

date news of the outSide

world, and these devel-

opments have, to some

degree at least, relieved

the farmer from his

former isolation. All of

these things have had a

most beneficial influence

upon farm life and have

broadened the farmer’s

point of view to a very

marked degree. To

some extent they have

taken him away from

his restricted environ-

ment; at least semi-0c—

casionally, and he has

gotten a broader view

of how the other half of

the world lives.



But of all these broad-

ening influences there is

none which is more im-

portant than the auto-

mobile will be when that

vehicle comes into gen-

eral use upon the farm,

as itlis bound to do, in

the writer's opinion, at

no very distant date.





IN discussing the automobile question





herds of considerable repute in an adjoin-

ing cOunty. In a single day these two

men covered more territory, saw more

cattle and doubtless made more satis-

factory purchases by using the automo-

bile as a means of transportation than

they could have. done in three days or

even a week, by depending upon the

horse as a means of transportation. Thus

they secured an economic benefit which

is typical of many such which will ac—

crue from the use of the automobile in

facilitating transactions for which the

necessity may arise upon the farm. For

example, this neighbor also finds a prof-

itable use for his auto in delivering his

milk to the shipping station during the

busy season.



Also, there are other

accruing from the use

upon the farm which

measured either in dollars

comparison. There are

sions for making a. needed trip





cconomic benefits

of the automobile

cannot readily be

or cents or by

frequent occa-

to town





to get repairs for machinery or supplies

Frequently where this is





for the home.





to the meetings of the Grange or Farm-





erS’ Club. Occasionally also, there is a

special incentive to speed, as when a

neighbor summons aid in case of fire, or





there may be times when in case of sick-

ness or accident, the automobile may find

use which its owner would not think of

measuring in mere dollars and cents.



To return, however, to a. consideration

of the more purely economic phases of

the automobile for farm use; it is prob—

ably true that while there are many eco-

nomic benefits derived from the automo-

bile, aSide from those above mentioned,

yet these are upon the, average farm, not

so great but that the automobile should

still be classed as a luxury rather than

a. necessity. \Vhile this fact should be

taken into consideration in contemplat-

ing the purchase of an automobile, yet

it will be found one of the 1no~t appre-

ciated luxuries in which a similar invest-

ment could be made, by every member of

the family. There is also no doubt but

that the members of the farm family are

entitled to and will be benefited by such





 





this is not the best or most legitimate

11Se of the automobile upon the farm.

a moderate use of this vehicle for the

pleasure Of the family is most desirable.

It places them in touch with the beauty

spots of the country at reasonable dis-

tances from their home, it enables the

wider exercise of sociability among their

friends and proves a most enjoyable lux-

ury for which the economic benefits that

may be derived from the ownership of

an automobile will almost, if not quite.

pay maintenance cost.



If used with a desirable degree of mod-

eration and good sense, as supplementary

to rather than to displace the horse as a.

means of transportation upon the farm,

the automobile will find a profitable

place upon (very farm, wher'c the invest-

ment can be reasonably well afforded,

while the maintenance cost will not be

high if the owner devotes the necessary

time and energy to gaining a fall under-

standing of the mechanism of the ma-

chine and takes a proper degree of in-

terest in seeing that it is all the time in

the best of condition.



The writer has owned

and used an automobile

for a year and would

not willingly do without

one, after taking careful

stock of the year‘s ex-

perience. The economic

benefits derived from its

use have contributed

largely toward t h e

maintenance cost, while

the plcasurc and recrea-

tion enjoyed arc count-

ed chcaply secured at

the balance of the ex-

pense account. This

Seems, also, to have

been the experience of

the many farmer auto

owners with whom the

writer has talked.



XVith the present gen-

eral interest in the bet-

terment of the country





roads. and with a flat-

tering prospect of na-

tional aid of, and (.(,_

operation with, the

States in permanent

road building, the auto-

mobile will become still





more useful on the farm

and more farmers will

avail themselves of its

advantages. hence the

prediction that ere long

the automobile will be

considered a necessity





 





 





This consideration is rather than a luxury on

if”? mentioned because Automobiling on Beautiful Country Drives is a Most Delightful and Appreciated Recreation. 1h" farm.

1t 1s-out51de the range The auto truck, too,





of economic comparison. The horse can-

not compare with the automobile in its

range of useful employment as a means

of transportation. Nor can the steam

cars, or the trolley cars, as they are re—

stricted to the zone of their operations,

while the man who owns an automobile

is free to choose his own radius of travel,

within reasonable limitations, and is thus

possessed of means of extending his ed-

ucation along various lines and at the

same time avail himself of an undoubt-

ed economic benefit difflcult to measure

'either by comparison or in dollars and

cents.



To illustrate the writer has a. neighbor

who has an automobile. He desired to

secure a new sire to head his dairy herd

and started out in company with anoth-

er »man who .Iwas similarly situated and





visited a.” considerable. number of dairy'





a considerable distance a half day’s time

is required during the busy season, when

with an automobile the trip could be

made at noon while the horses are eating

or in the evening after the day’s work in

the field is done, and be a source of real

recreation and pleasure to the entire

family instead of an irksome but neces-

sary journey. The saving of time in such

matters, Which can be accomplished by

the use of the automobile as a. means of

transportatiOn is an important factor,

the money value of which is hard to es-

timate when help is as scarce as it is at?

present. It might mean the timely plant-

ing of a crop or of securing it in good

condition when harvested, and thus prove

an economic benefit which would be

many times the actual wage value of the

time saved.



Then there are occasional long trips





a luxury to a greater degree than those

in almost any other occupation or habit

of life. To the man who can afford the

investment, the automobile will thus very

properly appeal strongly and the time

will doubtless come when it will be con-

sidered almost a necessity upon the well

equipped farm, instead of largely or even

partly a luxury as at present.



If we concede, then, that the automo-

bile has a place upon the farm, let us

consider what that place is. Unfortu-

nately, like many new hobbies, the auto-

mobile becomes almost an obsession

to some, and especially while it is some-

thing of a novelty they feel that they

must be going somewhere all the time,

and thus often neglect important duties

and increase the maintenance cost of the

machine to a degree by aimlessly riding

about to gratify the speed mania. While





\





will find a constantly ingjeasing use on

the farms of Michigan, particularly the

farms [ivorably located for the direct

marketing of their products in adjacent

cities. By this means, and with the ad—

vent of better roads, the radius of direct

marketing may profitably be increased to

at least double its present limitations and

the profit of a large number of farmers

thus largely increased Quite a number

of farmers in this county who sell their

products on the Detroit market have

found it profitable to substitute auto

trucks for horses in drawing same, es-

pecially since the main roads running out

from the city have been permanently im—

proved. Here, again, the saving of val-

uable time, always an impor ant consid-

eration on the farm, is a his economic

factor.





Oakland Co. A. R. Familia-
634—2

HINTS FOR THE BEGlNNER ON THE





CARE AND OPERATION OF

' THE AUTOMOBILE.





 





There are many essential little points

about the care and operation of an auto-

mobile, which, could the novice properly

understand and appreciate at the outset,

would save him not only much future an-

noyance, but oft-times considerable in the

maintenance cost of his machine. One

of the first essentials in the life of any

machine is proper lubrication. Some au-

tomobile manufacturers publish an oil

chart showing just where their machine

should be oiled, with what kind of oil and

how frequently. This is a very good plan

and one which more manufacturers could

f0110w with benefit} to their patrons. Lack

of proper lubrication means rapid dete-

rioration and a largely increased expen-

diture for new parts to replace those un-

necessarily worn from this cause. For

this reason the novice in automobile op-

eration should take pains to get reliable

information from manufacturers or agents

upon the matter of lubrication and make

a careful study of his machine from this

standpoint.



Next to the matter of lubrication, the

manner in which a car is operated by the

novice will prove the biggest factor in

the degree of satisfaction secured from-

it. The beginner should always drive

slowly, even on good roads, until the op-

eration of the car becomes a matter of

instinct rather than thought, as by so

doing accidents will not only be avoided,

but also damage to the transmission gears

from inexperienced handling- in the chang-

ing of speeds. Care should also be taken

to let the clutch in very slowly in start—

ing and to apply the brakes gently when

needed, and this habit will become fixed

by driving uniformly at low speed while

learning to operate the car.



This will also effect a great saving in

the Wear of the tires as will also slow

speed, eSpecially in turning corners and

in negotiating ruts, while the driver is

learning. Rapid starting and the making

of quick stops by the sharp application

of the brakes are very hard on the tires,

as is running on slippery roads without

the use of chains since. when they are

spun around or slid along on the ground

the friction will rapidly wear the rubber

or Strip the composition from the fabric

of the casing.



The appearance of an automobile should

be considered in its care, and in order

that it may be preserved as long as pos-

sible the mud should not be allowed to

remain on the paint any length of time

before washing. Then if carefully washed

and polished a maximum 0f good appear-

ance will be retained.



In the making of adjustments the be-

ginner should exercise considerable care.

There is a tendency to experiment. too

much, although every automobile owner

should learn at the earliest practicable

date how to adjust the carburetor to get

a maximum amount of power from a

minimum amount of fuel. Other ad-

justments will be more simple and easily

mastered. But it is better to go a little

slow in experimenting until one has gain-

'ed sufficient. experience to be sure that

he is doing the right thing.



The beginner in driving an automobile

has a great deal to learn and has gone

far toward learning it if he appreciates

that fact fully. but by studious applica-

tion the needed knowledge will soon be

acquired. The above word of caution is

sounded simply to insure that a mini-

mum of damage will be done in the ac-

quiremcnt of this necessary knowledge.



Wayne Co. C. T. H. B.





CARE OF AUTOMOBILE TIRES.





 





It is invariably found that the men who

get the most out of their tires are the

ones who are most careful about keeping

their tires inflated to the proper pressure.

They are the ones who do not ova-load

their tires, who do not allow them to

stand in grease and oil, who do not run

in car tracks or over rough roads—in

short, the men who take care of their

tires are the ones who profit.



It is impossible to estimate what the

mileage of a tire should be simply be-

cause you can not reduce human care to

a common denominator. Every man

drives a car with a different degree of

care. And road conditions play a large

part in determining tire life. A tire that

would last long on smooth city asphalts

would deteriorate much more rapidly if

driven upon rockycountry roads.



However. if given the right degree of

care. tires under all conditions every-

where would last much longer. When

men shall have learned to appreciate the





'r H E MI 0 Hgl GA- Nv F‘AR-MJELR - '





finer points of their-OMAN the finer





points of their tires, itrwin mark agreat





day for the automobile industry. For

then, men will put oil in their gears, and

air in their tires, and the petty motor

car annoyances, which are, for the most

part, avoidable, will be done away with.

There will be no dissatisfaction with the

motor car.





Ohio. 0.. M. STADMAN.





 





 





FARM NOTES.





 





Applying Fertilizer to Potatoes.



I wish to put in about eight acres of

potatoes this year and as I have bought

a fertilizer (one ton) analyzing 2:8:10. I

would like to know which is the best way

to use it. I covered three acres with

manure at the rate of 12 loads per acre.

The other five I intend to use the fer-

tilizer on. Now would it be best to sow

fertilizer before planting the potatoes,

and work the ground up good, or go over

them afterwards with a drill and sow

on each side of the row of potatoes? I

intend planting them with a horse plant-

er; Would a spring-tooth barrow work

the fertilizer in good enough for planting

by running it shallow. How many

pounds is best to sow per acre in either

of the ways stated? The soil is a medi-

um sod and a good sand swam.



Oakland Co. W. W.



Where large amounts of fertilizer are

applied to potatoes, it is considered bet-

ter to apply part of it to the ground

broadcast and part in the hill at.plant-

ing time. Where a. moderate amount,

such as is proposed tense in this in-

quiry. is used many are now advocating

two applications, one in the hill or by

the side of the rows at planting time and

a later application distributed in the same

manner after the potatoes are up. In

the writer’s opinion, however. it makes

very little difference so long as the fer-

tilizer is applied and well mixed with the

soil. There is an opportunity for an in-

teresting experiment. When the fertilizer

is applied to that portion of the field

which has had no stable manure let it

lap over on that portion where the stable

manure was used. using it at the same

rate per acre. It is a well known fact

that commercial fertilizer gives best re-

sults when used in a supplementary way

With stable manure, and this will afford

a compariSOn between the portions of the

field where stable manure and fertilizer

and both are used.



Rye as a Green Manure Crop for

Potatoes.



What do you think of plowing down

green rye and planting to potatoes on

medium soil?



Leelenau Co. F. J. B.





While a good clover sod would be a.

much more satisfactory place to plant

potatoes, yet a crop of rye can be ad-

vantageously plowed down as a crop for

green manure for the potato crop, if it is

not allowed to get too. far along toward

maturity before plowed. Also, if the

ground has been previously cropped in

the rotation the rye should be Isupple-

mented by a liberal application of com-

mercial fertilizer in order to insure a

good crop.



Sand Vetch for Forage and Green

Manure.



I have been a reader of your valued pa-

per for the last five years. I would like

to ask in regards to a field of rye and

winter vetch which I sowed last fall. It

is looking good now and I want to know

when is the best time to cut it for feed.

I have been advised that the right time

is juSt when the rye is in the milk, but

thought it best to ask through your pa-

per. Also, how is the best way to handle

it in curing and how does it compare in

food value with clover and timothy hay

for cattle and horses. After I cut this

crop for hay, when would be the right

time to plow the vetch under for fer-

tilizer?



Newaygo Co. D. R.



For best results in using sand vetch as

a soil improver, the crop should be plow-

ed down the latter part of May or first

of June after sowing, as in this manner

it will add the greatest amount of vege-

table matter to the soil as well as

nitrogen gathered by the vetch plant

through the nodules that grow upon its

roots in common with all legumes. It is

for this purpose that vetch is most com-

monly used and has the largest place in

Michigan agriculture. It has been found.

however, by some growers that where

the crop is cut for hay comparatively

early in June it will make a second

growth which can be used for this pur-

pose later in the season. Consequently,

where the crop is to be cut as a forage

crop, it is better to cut it comparatively

early as it will make more palatable hay

and will at the same time be more valu-

able in adding vegetable matter to the

soil than would be the case if allowed to

more nearly reach maturity before being

cut for hay. The hay is rated high in

digestible nutrients. but a mixture of

vetch and rye would not be as valuable

or nutritious hay as mixed clover and





n‘





7timothy, than which there is no better

roughage for live stock. It should be

handled the same as clover or mixed hay.

and preferably cured in bunches or cocks

for best results.



- Sand Vetch vs. Millet.





What crop should I sow about June 10

for a green manure crop to be platted

under for corn next spring? Soil is sandy.

loam, clay sub-soil. .I had thought of

Hungarian millet or buckwheat, or how

would rape do? Would like to sow what.

I can get most plant food from. Any ad--

vice through your paper would be appre-

elated.



Cass Co. Sunscmsnc. -





The sand or hairy vetch commonly

grown in Michigan is a winter vetch, and

for best results should be sown with rye

in August. to be cut for hay or plowed

down the following year. Millet would

make a better catch crop for hay, al-

though it is not the best source of forage

for horses If fed to horses it should be

cut and cured before the seed forms to

any extent.



Plowing Sod Ground for Spring Crops.



How should corn land be broken up?

Will the habit of “cutting and covering,”

which, in reality, means covering a few

inches of the furrow not turned over,

have the effect of damaging the soil?



Gd. Traverse Co. Susscnmgn.



The "cut and cover" method of plow-

ing is not a desirable one to follow, large

1y for the reason that where the furrow

slice breaks over a vacant space is left

at the bottom of the furrow, which inter-

feres with the capillarity of the soil.

Neither is the exceedingly fiat furrowde-

sir-able since it requires more labor to fit

porperly for crops and the continuous

blanket of sod at the bottom of the fur-

row also interferes to some extent with

the movement of the soil moisture until

it becomes thoroughly rotted. The most

approved method of plowing is .to turn a

clean furrow, the edge of which laps a,

little on to the furrow last plovéed. Then

if a plow is used which gives a rather

abrupt turn to the furrow the ground

will be quite thoroughly pulverized and

will work up much better as the corner

of the furrow slice will furnish the dirt

to fill the little interstices and will give

a better seed bed for planting the crop.



The relation between the method used

in plowing and the yield of the crop is

largely one of the control of soil mois-

ture; anything which interferes with the

natural movement of the water in the

soil being detrimental to the crop and to

that extent to the soil itself for the

season.



Cowpeas vs. Sand Vetch for Green

Manure.



I have a piece of light mud which has

been pastured for two years. I intend to

plow it this spring and sow to cowpeas

or vetch and plow those under when still

green for manure late in summer and at

the same time sub—soil this ground.

Which would be best for green manure?

I want to plant this ground to berries

next spring, and will also use some lime

in spring and barrow it in.



Ottawa Co. J. D. K.



For spring planting cowpeas or soy

beans would be a better legume for green

manuring purposes than vetch. The

winter vetch commonly grown in Mich-

igan should for best results, be seeded in

August with rye and plowed down the

following spring when it reaches its max-

imum growth.





SOIL AND FERTILIZER QUESTIONS.





 





The Second Application of Fertilizer to

Potatoes. ‘

I have bought a horse potato planter

with fertilizer attachment. Have planted

and sowed 350 lbs. of fertilizer. Now the

question I would like to have you answer

is, will fertilizer put on top of potatoes

when they come through the ground burn

the potatoes, as I want to use 300 lbs.

more?

St. Joseph Co. M. L.

I do not think it would be right to put

the fertilizer right onto the tops of the

potatoes. If these tops are covered up

with earth, as I understand M. L. intends

to do with his potato planter. I am not

sure that it will injure them, but I should

prefer putting it on both sides .of the

row. I know~ it is a common practice in

many potato sect-ions to plant the pota-

toes and then when they are just push-

ing through the ground to use the potato

planter as a potato hoe and throw the

dirt up over the potatoes. This kills all

the weeds, protects them from bugs,

makes them come up through again, and

is a splendid practice, but it is better

to put the fertilizer on both sides of the

row, and most of the potato planters dis-

tribute the fertilizer in this way. My

potato planter, for instance, distributes

the fertilizer in two small streams, one

on each side of the row of potatoes, and

this is the way that it does when we

plant the potatoes. The fertilizer is not

put right on 'top of the seed but On each

side or it. Then, when the potatoes begin





 





'5 .nmn ,7, 1913‘.





to come up and wefw‘an‘tgm put on a



second application the. fertilizer is dis—



tributed in two small mine on on»:



side of the row and covered ppm the .

disks which follow... This, I think, is the



correct way to make the second Applica-



tion. If. howev'er, your potato planter

puts _the fertilizer all in one, stream di-



rectly onto the plant I would try andrig



some attachment which would scatter this



fertilizer or which would throw it to either



side. I think you could do this by using



a piece of tin or sheet iron bent so that



the fertilizer coming out in a single



stream would be deviated on both sides



of the row of potatoes and then covered



with your disks which follow.





The Best So” for Sugar Beets.

What class of land is best suited to

sugar beets? How much seed per acre

Should be sown? What is an average





crop? Would like all the information we

can get].

Maine. J. C. H.





Undoubtedly the very best soil for sug-

ar beets, is a rich clay loam with, a good

per cent of humus in it. It don’t want

to be wet land. It don’t want to be dry

land. 'But it wants to be soil containing

a suflicient amount of clay so that it is

quite retentive of moisture during a

drought. Broadly speaking, you can grow

sugar beets Successfully on any soil that

will grow corn successfully, and yet some

of the good corn land is a little bit too

light, it doesn’t contain clay enough for

Sugar beets. Some land that is a little

bit too light for sugar beets could be put

in condition to raise this crop success~

fully by adding a good amount of vege-

table matter to the soil, which fills in

the spaces between the rather coarse

particles of soil and enables the soil to

hold moisture. The sugar beet crop

takes a. lot of moisture. An average crop

of sugar beets is eight to nine tons of

beets per acre. Some people, however,

succeed in growing 15 to 20 tons per

acre. Like the corn crop or the potato

crop or, in fact, any other crop, the basis

for a good yield is a good stand. Vacant,

places in the row cut down the yield

more than anything else. The Germans.

recommend one square foot of land for

each growing beet. Suppose we are lib-

eral and allow one and two-thirds square

feet for each beet. Then one one acre

of land four rods wide and 40 rods long

planted to beets in rows 24 inches apart

and thinned to 10 inches in the row, or

20 inch rows thinned to 12'inches, we

would grow more than 26,000 beets. Now

throw out 2,000 of these for mis-shapes

and we will still have 24,000 beets left.

If these 24,000 beets should grow to only

one and one-half pounds apiece we would

harvest from this one acre of land 36,000

pounds, or 18 tons. of beets. This would

seem to be possible on every farm, and

yet the average farmer doesn't get any-

thing like this stand. Should the beets

average two pounds. and certainly this

would not be a large beet, this kind of

stand would give 24 tons per acre. And

yet, as I have said, the average yield of

sugar beets is only eight or ten tons, and

it largely comes from the fact that we

haven't got a good stand. The question

is how to get a good stand. Practical

beepgrowers are agreed that it is neces-

sary to take considerable pains in pre-

paring the seed bed. The ground wants

to be firm and solid and fine on top. One

beet grower that I talked with said that

the land wants to be packed enough so

that when the horses are putting in the

beets that their feet won‘t sink into the

soil. If they sink into the son then the

ground is not packed firm enough. The

beet seed does not want to be covered

very deep.- A half inch is deep enough if

you can get them covered.



Speltz and Emmer.





I have read Mr. Lillie’s articles on

“Speltz vs, Emmer,” in recent issue of

Michigan .Farmer. He does not give all

the information I desire. He 883’s there

is a difference between speltz and em-

mer. A well known Jackson seed house

says there is no differences Mr. Lillie

deals with emmer more exhaustively than

he does with speltz and gives the feeding

value of emmer very satisfactorily. Will

he kindly give me the feeding value of





speltz, its adaptability to our climate,

e c..

Eaton Co. F. J. C.





Speltz and emmer both belong to the

same family as wheat, but each are sep-

arate and distinct plants. By some they

are said to be the same but they are not,

although they look much alike. Emmer

is porbably better adapted to the dFYer

regions than speltz. Spelt'z is probably.

better adapted to ordinary conditions in

Michigan than emmer. though some of

our drier soils may be better adapted to.

emmer. They have about the some feed-v

ing value. I refer you to the Encyclo-





pedla of) American Agriculture. Vol. I. ..

COLON C. LILLIE.





page 664. ‘ '





 





 

   





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{.MTE 7-; .1939,:.





BIDDING NEW LAND OF STUMPS.





 





To the new-comer upon most of the

cut-over lands of this state the clearing

of the ground of logs and stumps offers

an appalling spectacle of hard work to

be done. Now, really, if this were all to

be done by hand even a young man would

grow gray haired in his endeavor to clean

up a. 100 acre farm. Thanks to the age

of progression and invention we do not

have to endure the hard work-and priva-

tions that our forebears did when they

sliced a home from the wilderness; in-

stead, we have the modern stump ma-

chine, whereby one good work team on

the end of a sweep exerts as much pull-

ing power as does tWO of the heaviest

Baldwin locomotives on smooth steel rails.

We also have dynamite of any strength

we desire for the work. And where one

don’t satisfy us with the work done, we

unite them, and the big stumps come out.



Only occasionally some monarch stump

five or six feet in diameter, with roots

almost straight down, as many of these

huge pines grew, offers an impediment to

new ground clearing. The bulk of the

stumps, that is, the greatest number of

them on any area, that has been cut from

15 to 25 years may be pulled readily with

a chain, or logging or skidding tongs and

team, simply hook over the top of the

stump, and go ahead, the tongs are best,

as they are quickly adjusted and, after

pulling, the stump may, without unhook-

ing from it, be drawn quickly to the

nearby heap. It is best to pull in the

spring while the soil is still moist and

loose, but yet firm enough to hold the

team.‘These stumps really average small,

running from pole or grub size to about

18 inches in diameter on an average.

These are principally pine, hemlock, ash,

elm, oak and birch. The hemlock, ash, elm





THB“‘MI?CHIG%NE FARM‘ER





rather too large for the ordinary team,

for With one or more block pulleys fixed

at convenient places, one can draw or

haul logs, stumps, etc., from any direc—

tion within a radius corresponding to the

length of the cable to one central heap

where all may be piled. These outfits,





"and there are several good makes. 'come





at from $50 to $200, with everything com-

Dlete, $150 will get a machine that, with

dynamite to loosen, will pull any stump

in Michigan if properly handled.

Gladwin Co. G. A. RANDALL.





IMPROVING OUR POTATOES.





 





The potato tuber was not known and_





utilized as an article of food by the civ-

ilized world until after the discovery of

America by Columbus. The potato with

corn, both natives of this country, con-

stitutes America’s chief gift as valuable

cultivated farm crops to the world. Al-

though it is but 400 years since potatoes

were adopted as an article of food, their

popularity has spread until they are a

cultivated crop and utilized as far as

civilization extends.



Although the potato is looked upon as

a. neCessary article of food, and the crop

one of the most profitable crops that is

raised on our farms, the improvement of

the different varieties has not, as far as

I am aware, been taken up in a syste-

matic manner. We have been taught

that old varieties “run out,” when the

truth of the matter is, we have, by in-

judicious management, run them out. We

have not proceeded in an intelligent man-

ner to even maintain the desirable char-

acteristics of productiveness and good

quality. We have been chasing after new





kinds as though somewhere in the, dark

recesses of the abode of the originators

they had turned out, or had





of varieties,





 





 





 





 





 





Remains of a Monarch of the Forest on Farm of Viggo Jorgenson, Montcalm Co.

0





and birch are short lived and not many

offer very great obstacles in the way of

pulling, all rotting their roots off in 15

to 25 years, (about the lengt‘h of time

this country has been cut over), but the

pine and many of the oak still have roots

as green and firm as the' day their

trunks, years ago, were cut. Many of

these large pine stumps occupy much more

ground or space when pulled than before,

in fact, they are much like an iceberg

in this respect, one-third above and two-

thirds submerged. To get rid of these,

usually holes the size of a stick of dyna-

mite are bored a short distance where

the wood offers the most resistance, and

one—quarter to one-half a charge is then

inserted and fired, when they break into

portions so that a team may handle them

readily. Various methods are employed

to reduce them in si"e for convenience in

handling but where they can not be

drawn directly to the heap this seems to

be as good a way as any. One must

make a large heap, the bigger the better,

to burn them well, as pine, although full

of pitch, is a queer wood to burn, an

isolated log or stump will fairly roar with

heat, burning over the outer surface and

then as suddenly go out, but when piled

in a convenient depression or hollow of

the ground in large heaps they will all

burn, leaving few ashes. for pine makes

but little ash when burned. All the sog-

gy, wet stumps and logs should be piled

upon the heap last, as the drier material

below will eventually burn it all when

fired. , . . .



It is best, however, when buying





to get a puller ample to haul the largest





stumps from the soil and with something

like 300 feet or more of special three-

quarter inch pulling cable, then with one

setting only, an acre or more of ground

can be stumped before moving again. The

puller is also convenient to pull extremely

large, weathered logs to the heap; logs





discovered, the kind that would meet our

most exacting demands.

The Correct Theory.



It has been my privilege to help in

bringing forward and developing some

excellent varieties of potatoes. A few of

the Beauty of Hebron were sent to me

the next year after they were brought

from the mountains in Peru. It only re-

quired a few. years of selection of the

best eyes from the. best specimens of the

wild breed to develop a kind of potato of

good shape, and good quality, that was

very prolific. At firSt they were small.

warty, prongy tubers, undesirable in

appearance and general characteristics.

\Ve bred away from the warts and

prongs, and soon had one of the best va-

rieties for garden and general market we.

have known. The Potentatc was, at first.

very much like ground nuts of good qual-

ity but a light producer. By “breeding

up” in size we soon had a variety that

has, by its inherent vigOr held a promi-

nent place among the good ones for an

all-the-year potato for family use, but

not generally a heavy yielde’r.



Instead of proceeding with groups of

eyes, whole potatoes, made up of good,

bad and indifferent characteristics, like

whole litters of pigS, we should under-

take the improvement of any variety of

potatoes by the use of good judgment in

the selection of the best eyes from the

tubers which are nearest] our ideal of

What we wish to produce. The eye is

the unit for the beginning of operations,

and should be taken as a bud from which

to grow a new stalk, on which/we may

expect will appear ‘-rbers that will be a

good imitation of the parent tuber. The

strongest and best pig in the litter w1.l

maintain the characteristics of the breed

much better than the small, weak ones,

that exhibit to a. marked degree, the in-

ferior characteristics of some of the near

and some of the remote ancestors. The





same is true with the buds (or eyes) on

a good potato, the strong buds or

sprouts, have the greatest amount of life

and vigor, and consequently will main-

tain the best characteristics of the va-

riety, and under favorable conditions,

will make decided improvements.



After potato seed has been cut, it

should be spread in a light, dry place to

allow the cut surfaces to callous and the

Sprouts to start. If one wishes to make

an attempt at beginning to improve his

variety, after the seed has been cut a

few days, it is the proper time to select

the best sprouts from the best specimens

of some: of the seed cut. \Vith a knife

cut out all the weak eyes, or sprouts, and

leaVe the flesh of the tuber to nourish the

strong eye. Select a spot of ground

where conditions are not only good, but

very good, and plant each eye in a hill

by itself. Give the potatoes in the seed

plot the best of care during the summer,

and when digging times comes, notice the

result. All the potatoes in the seed plat

will not be great, but it is safe to ex-

pect- that a noticeable improvement will

be made, and a start toward maintaining

the good qualities of the variety planted

will be discovered. as well as the possi-

bilities of improvement. If .the plan is

tried and followed, year after year, the

productiveness of a good variety can be

greatly improved, and the potato raiser

who “breeds up” his own seed, will be

able to produce more abundant crops, of

better quality, than will be possible if he

chases after the new varieties which are

praised by speculators.



Wayne Co.





N. A. CLAPP.





LlLLlE FARMSTEAD NOTES.

I am short of silage this year. There

is such a small amount of it left in the

silo that we are not goingr to try to save

any of it until the drought comes, be—

cause I am afraid such a small quantity

WOuld spoil, and consequently we are

going to feed it once a day until it is

entirely used up. That will leave me

without any silage for dry weather in

July and August. To take the place of

this I am raising ten acres of sweet corn

for the canning factory, and the early

sweet corn will come in so that we will

have the stalks to feed, I think in the

place of silage, and later on we will have

the stalks of the larger variety. I hope

this will furnish succulency so that I

will not miss the silage as much. Last

year was a. poor corn year and I did not

get the growth of ensilage corn that I

usually do and consequently I am short.

1 am, however, putting in more acres

this year and hope to have enough SO

that there will be plenty of silage. The

dairy farmer certainly wants plenty of

corn silage and plenty of good clover or

alfalfa hay.





 





 





Severe Frosts.



\Ve have been having very severe frosts

in May. For a week at a time there was

a. frost every night. Some nights it froze

quite heavy ice on water. Clover and al—

falfa, wheat, peas, and even willows that

grow in the pasture, are severely cut by

the frost. Wheat on sandy land is af-

fected quite severely. How serious it will

be. however, no on can just say. Some

plants of alfalfa are cut back severely,

and some clover also. It is a wonder,

however, that these plants have stood the

freeze as well as they have.



Late Cutting of Alfalfa.



Everybody who has had anything to do

with alfalfa advises not to cut it late in

the fall, that it should go into the win-

ter with a good growth. My neighbor,

however, who had a new seeding of al-

falfa, cut it late last fall and fed it as a

soiling crop to his cows. I told him at

the time that he was running a great

risk of injuring the alfalfa. He thought

it wasn‘t good enough, however, to keep

anyway. But the mild winter did not in—

jure the alfalfa, even though it was cut

down close at freezing time last fall. It

has come through the winter and is mak-

ing a splendid growth this spring.



It has been t00 cold and is too cold

now, May 26, to plant corn. We have our

work in hand so that we could have

planted quite an area. of corn had I

thought the weather warm enough, but

it has been so cold that the grd‘und is

cold and I am afraid that the corn will

not do well. and so we are waiting until

warm weather. I don’t believe in plant-

ing the day of the month, I believe in

waiting until the temperature is right.

One cannot plant one year the same date

that he does another. Of course,_ if there

should come heavy rains now it might

delay planting so that we wOuld lose in

that way, but I am going to run the risk

and wait until the Weather gets a little





’ “’ 3—635





l a





warmer before I put the seed corn into

the ground. We will keep on working

the land and get it in better condition.

Some fields we have harrowed and disked

several times already.





 





ERADICATION OF DANDELION.





Please tell me if you know of a liquid

that will kill dan'delions or another weed

we call toad plantain in lawns. Ours is

getting covered with it and woud like to

know What to do to stop it if we can.



Saginaw Co. SUBSCRIBER.



Since the dandelion is becoming so

prevalent in most every laWn it becomes

necessary to use some method whereby

its growth can be checked. There is only

one way to get rid of them and that is

by keeping them from going to seed. I

know of one party who dug out all of

the dandeliOn plants in the lawn, the

next year they came back as thick as

ever.



I have been experimenting for some

time with different Compounds and will

give the chemicals used that gave the

best results. On one plot a spray was

used, consisting of six pounds of iron

sulphate to ten gallons of water. After

the hot sun beat down upon the growth

it turned the dandelion dark colored and

killed the tops. The roots of the dande-

lion were alive after this first spraying,

but as soon as they sprouted another

spraying was given and killed the whole

plant.



In another plot a spray consisting of

four ounces of sodium arsenite and ten

gallons of water was applied. This mix—

ture did very well in getting rid of the.

dandelion but the grass and any vegeta—

tion present was affected. The grass

came up in a short time however. \V‘here

large areas of dandelions exist these two

former methods are to be used.



Ordinary orchard heating oil was ap-

plied to the crown of the plant by the

use of an oil can. This method is slower

in action but it is very effective. The

leaves turned brown and finally the whole

plant died. .-\ still quicker and more ef-

fective material is crude carbolic acid.

A small amount of this applied to the

crown of the plant killed the root and

leaves within five or six days. The grass

was not injured. \\'here only a few

plants are scattered in the lawn these

two substances are to be recommended.

By keeping after every new dandelion

that may appear and by Using one of the

above chemicals the dandelion plant can

soon be eradicated from the lawn.



Indiana. J. C. KLINE.





 





GENESEE COUNTY ALFALFA CAM-

» PAIGN.



The alfalfa campaign was staged un-

der the auspices of the (ienesee County

Crop Improvement Association and the

Farm Crops Department at M. A. C.,

from Tuesday, May 20, to Friday, IVIay

23, inclusive.



Professor V. M. Shoesmith was pres-

ent all the time and spoke at an average

of two, sort of round-up meetings, a day.

The remainder of the time was spent

with individual farmers on their farms,

looking over the ground with them, test-

ing their soil as to acidity, etc.



The weather was a drawback to the

work, as it was rainy every day. In spite of

this fact, close to 400 interested men were

reached with the “Gospel of Alfalfa Rais-

ing.” These men in every case were

representative farmers of the community.



A strong effort was made to impress

on everyone the necessity of four funda-

mental principles for success with alfalfa.



1. Selection of proper soil and seed.



2. Necessity of a sweet soil, use of

lime. ,



3. Preparation of a firm seed'bed, free

from weeds. Seeding in early summer

without a nurse crop.



4. Inoculation, by use of soil from old

alfalfa field or sweet clover patch, or the

nitro cultures furnished by the college.





One important discovery made during

the campaign was that nearly every Soil

tested responded to the litmus test for

acidity, indicElting the necessity of lime.

It is hoped that all the farmers seeding

alfalfa in Genesee county will try out the

effect of lime on a part of the field at

least. That is the only sure way to de—

cide as to the beneficial effect of liming.



On the whole the campaign was a de-

cided success as it fulfilled the purpose

intended. A conservative propaganda .of

the usefulness of alfalfa, and the princi-

ples of its culture. To reach farmers

who would make a success of the cm!)

and in that way demonstrate its Value as

a crop for the‘ Genesee county, farmers

to raise.





Genesee Co. W. H. PARKER.
“THE MICHIGANNFARMER 4





 





‘*‘i‘l=' ‘ “ ? «A'QIIUNE 7,- 1918a





 





 





What Salt Is in It?





Your butter may just fall short of

the perfection that commands the

highest price.



Ordinary salt fails to bring out

full flavor.





The fine, even grains of Worces-

ter Salt melt right into the butter.

Its absolute freedom from bitterness

insures that full and complete savor

and tastiness which command the

highest market price.





WORCESTER

SALT





The Salt with the Savor





Send us your dealer 3 name and address

and we will mail you, free of charge, our

booklet, “Butter Making on the Farm.’





For farm and dairy

use, Worcester Salt is

put up in 14-pound

cotton bags and 28 and

56-pound Irish linen

bags. Good ocers

everywhere sel Wor-

cester Salt. Get a





bag.





WORCESTER SALT COMPANY

Lav-gm Producer: of High-Grade Salt in the World

NEW YORK





New Sim 3661:“





|ITIi]3]3‘





It's full of valuable infor-

mation for every farmer

and stock raiser. Tells all

about the special and

exclusive features of the

famous

INDIANA 81140



Twenty-Five Thousand in

use. Write and learn why

it is best and cheapest and

get our New Silo Book Free.





INDIANA SILO COMPANY





The largest makers of Silos in the

world. Address nearest



82 Union Bids. .. Anderson. Ind.

552 Indiana Bldg., balance, Ia.

552 Silo Bldg” Kansucity, lo.





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 





 





 





There are many

superior features

in the





Nappanee

Silo Let us tell





you about



them



Reliable Agents Wanted.

“Buy a Nappsnee



and get. 3 micron



llappsnoe lbr. & Mtg. 00..

315 to. Madison 81.,



IAPPAIIE, INDIANA.





   





 





SlLOS Last'





Construction is right, material

isncht. Only silo made with full«

length, structural steel door frame

heavily galvanized after the riveting. Not

a crevice exposedto rust. Choice of seven

kinds of wood. Inflexible guarantee. We

prepayfreig ht. Catalogshws manymore



hepdnfiwdteiorltm “”30





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Walk. “filth!"





A ROOF "3" PROOF mu

WIND LIGHTNING RAIN





We manufacture the world's best Steel Booting in

loll (hp-Punt! standing-sans and V crimp. Gal-

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Itwillpsy you to send for catalog and prices. Free.





no. HMS IIOI & STEEL scones 60. In, 0.

WILD... Your ores-ion and burninoqulle‘Lflam





 





   

   

   

 





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Dairy.





|ill|IllillmlllllIWMWHWWMWIWWHWIIIIWIW

CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





WIMWMWII





aumnmnnwmuuuummm.





 





DAIRYING ON THE SMALL FARM.



The propriety of undertaking to carry

out a dairying business upon a small

farm is a question that has presented it-

self, and is constantly presenting itself,

to that large class of farmers who have

but a few acres ’of land. The advantage

that the dairy business offers in making

the fertility question easy of solution,

brings this question of keeping c0ws up-

on a small acreage. back again and again

even after it has beensummarily discard-

ed from the mind, and because it touches

a vital point in our agriculture and also

for the fact that in connection with this

vital relation it brings to the farmer an

attractive income when conducted along

economical lines, the proposition will ever

be a live 'theme for discussion.



In considering the practical features of

the problem, the first to present itself is

that of pasturage. But you can hardly

afford to pasture good land that can be

easily tilled, so build a summer silo and

pasture yor rough land. if you have any,

if not, so much the better. You can

grow more feed in a corn field than in a

pasture, twice over, and haVe enOugh left

to pay for the labor besides. Get alfalfa

growing just as soon as you can on some

field on that 40 acres, and plan to fit an-

other field for this valuable forage plant,

in a few years. Corn ensilage, clover.

and alfalfa, with a little grain purchased,

will enable you to keep a fine little dairy

on the 40-acres farm. I have spoken of

the man with only 40 acres in order to

make it clear that nearly every farmer

can own a dary if he is so disposed. For

the man with 80 acres or more, the prob—

lem is easier. He can operate a dairy,

and devote a part of his area to some

other purpose if he wishes to do so.



It often happens that the man on the

small farm has little to do in the winter.

In the summer he works too much, but

in the winter he eats too much and

works too little for his own good. Caring

fOr a herd of cows is not hard work. It

is a pleasant task for the writer. and he

can not see why any man should not pre-

fer to have employment of this kind

rather than to be idle for the greater

part of each day, and not relish the food

which he comes to eat, more from habit

'than from necessity.



The dairy on the small farm will not

be a large one, and it is all the more

necessary that it should be composed of

the right sort of cows. \i’e seldom stop

to think that the cow that will yield her

owner a profit of $50 annually above the

cost of feeding her, is worth more money

to him than 50 cows would be that would

produce only a dollar each, above the

value of their feed. We are looking for

the net profit——the value of the finished

product, above the cost of the feed that

the cow has eaten. We want the cows

to furniSh something more than 3 mar-

ket at home for the products of the farm.

We want a profit out of the business. and

we can have it if we will breed the right

sort of cows.



The man with a small dairy can not

afford to keep a scrub herd. If he has

only six cows, and they yield him a profit

of $50 each above the cost of feeding

them, he has an aggregate of profit

amounting to $300. If he has 50 cows that

produce an average of $5 each above the

cost of feeding them, then he has a

profit of only $250. Which herd would

you rather have?



The man who keeps ten cows as good

as those in the first class, will have an

annual profit above the cost of feeding

them of $500. That is to say, he will sell

his hay and grain and ensilage to his

cows, for which they will pay him the

market price, return him fertilizer enough

to pay for the labor and give him a profit

of $500.



That man is not worrying over scabby

apples or potato blight this summer. He

is happy for his bills are paid, and when

the boys are old enough he will send

them to the M. A. C. and the cows will

pay for that, too.



Too many men with small dairies seem

to think that they'can get along without

practicing the methods of the “up-to-

date dairyman." This is a. mistake. The

man with a few cows needs just as good

a sire as the man with a. large dairy. _ He

needs to feed just as carefully andvas

yiiberally. He may not be able to own





 





 





nil-'11». hu

particulars. . 0‘! o . owner. Hosea. Mich:





and keep a. sire, but he can join a. co-





operative breeders’ associatlon. and how:

the use of as good an animal as it is

possible to buy.



Speakln of the sire reminds me that

a few years ago a neighbor of mine pur-

chased a. young hull of a breeder in the

southern part of the state. When the

animal arrived he was not: in very good

condition, and was hardly as large as We

felt that he should ‘be at his age. He

grew rapidly, however, and became in

time a very fine individual. He was kept

until a large number of heifers were re-

lated to him and the need of another bull

was felt. About that time we formed

our breeders’ assodatlon, purchased oth—

er bulls. and “Old King" was slaughtered.

He brought about $50 at the market and

now it has come to light that “The goose

was killed that laid the golden egg.” One

of his daughters began the last year at

the age of a year and ten months and

has finished with 315 pounds of fat to

her credit. Another. a three-year-old at

the beginning, has made in the year 510

pounds of fat, while another still has

done almost equally well. We can not

bring “King” back to life,’ but we can

learn a lesson from this occurrence. Had

this splendid animal been owned in a.

co-operative association, he would have

been kept ‘longer and his real worth

would have been known before it was too

late.



It is greatly to the advantage of the

man who is dairylng on a small farm if

he lives in a community where the prac-

tice of dairying is general. It is harder

for one man to do these things alone

than for a community to work together

to this end. It is ‘a bit of good fortune

for a man to live in a progressive neigh-

borhood. But someone must make the

start in those not now progressive.



Finally, don't be afraid to try dairying

on a. sma‘ll farm. If you keep the right

kind of cows, and care for them properly

they will market your produce at the

highest price, they will pay you a good

profit besides. They will furnish you

just enough work during the winter for

your own good, and keép you thinking

while you work. Your boy, too, can join

yOu and use his mind as well as his mus-

cle, in your business. For the more you

think, and the more you read, the more

will your work amount to and the more

likely will that boy he to stay on the

farm after you have finished your labors.



Oceana Co. W. F. TAYLOR.





WILL BARNYARD DRAINAGE SEEP

INTO A SILO PIT?



Is there any danger of getting a silo

hit so low that the drainage from the

barn will work into it?



Kent Co. L. M. S.





There is not very much danger of an)“

thing of this sort. Of course, if the land

on which the barnyard is located is wet

land and holds moisture to any great ex-

tent and the silo should be empty for a.

considerable portion of the year, espec-

ially the wet portion of the year, the

pressure from the water in the soil will

gradually seep through the cement lin-

ing of the silo. There isn't any ques-

tion about that. It will seep into cellars.

It seeps into empty cisterns, and. of

course, into a silage pit to a considerable

extent. However, when the silo is full of

ensllage there is no danger of this be-

cause there is pressure from the inside

as well as the outside, and the water can-

not be forced. through the cement lining.

But this will not occur to any great ex-

tent and will not, I am sure, occur to a.

Sufficient extent to damage the silage

perceptibly. However, it is always bet-

ter to have to build the silo entirely

above the ground. Then you won't have

to throw the silage out of the pit. It is

a good deal cheaper and easier to elevate

the silage with machinery when filling

than it is to throw the silage out of the

pit by hand.





 





DISPOSITION OF LEFT OVER SILAGE.





 





If you can advise me what disposition

to make of my silage which I will not

get fed up when the time comes to refill

silo, I will thank you very much. Last

year I had about five tons left and filled

new corn silage on top of the old. This

year I will have about the same amount

left in Silo when time comes to fill. I

am sure this will be well preserved, but

thought it might contain too much acid.

by allowing another new filling to be

placed above it. H. L M.



The only thing to do with left over sil-

age is to simply keep it in the silo and

fill the new cutting‘of ensilage on top of

it. If it should be removed from the silo

it would all spoil. Just as loan as it

comes in contact with the air _1t will

sour. In this respect it is just like can-

ned fruit. When' you open a can of fruit





it wants to be used up within a reason-

able length of time or else it will all

spoil. A small amount of silage, like five

tons. unless one has a very small silo, is

a difficult amount to keep. The silage

ought to be three or four feet deep in a

silo anyway, and thoroughly packed in

the bottom. Then there is but little ex-

posure to the air and the silage is so well





packed that the air cannot penetrate it. '





and only a, small layer of it will spoil.

even if left several weeks in the summer

time. If one is feeding out of the silo

when the new corn is ready to put in, so

that it is all fresh, there will be no trou-

ble about the silage keeping, because no

air can get to it. If this small amount

of silage was good last fall when yOu

filled on top of it, it will be just as good.

next year as it was this year, because, if

fruit will keep one year in a can it will

keep two years or more. In fact, there

is no limit to it. So I would not think

there would be any trouble if you are

feeding out of your silo all summer long

and just get down to the amount of sil-

age you had left over last year and it is

all fresh and in good condition, which it

undoubtedly will be, I don’t think. there

will be any danger from loss if you fill

on top .of it again with fresh silage and

keep it until the next year. In fact, this

is the only thing that you can do. I

don't think it will contain a higher per

cent of acidity than it does now.





COMING TO MICHIGAN TO PURCHASE

HOLSTEINS.





I w0uld like this fall to buy two pure-

blood Holstein cows, two heifers just

bred and a bull calf old enough to use

on these females. I want A. R. 0. stock

with very good records. I want this

stock for the foundation of a dairy herd.

Now we have nothing in this line in this

state. Do you think I will make any

mistake if I come to Michigan or VVis-

cousin and buy and ship to this state?

Can I do any better in Michigan than

I could in Vi’isconsin? Do you think the

change of altitude would have any bad

effect on the stock? Would you advise

me to buy a less number to start with?

About what would I have to pay for this

stock? I will build a good stable this

year and hope to build a silo next season.



Colorado. . P.



I think this would be a splendid way to

get a quick start with Holstein cattle. If

one would purchase four registered fe-

males, and good ones, he would have a

foundation herd which would grow into

a splendid herd in afew years and give

him some surplus quickly to dispose of

to help pay the expense of starting the

herd.



I don't think that you would make any

mistake in coming to Michigan to buy

your I—Iolsteins. There are just as good

Holstein cattle in Michigan as you can

find anywhere in the world, and we have

some of the most progressive breeders of

Holsteins you can find anywhere. They

have got good stuff. You will make no

mistake when you come to this state af-

ter the better class of Holstein cattle.



I do not think the change in climate

from Michigan to Colorado would be any

particular detriment to the cattle, pro-





viding, of course, they are properly housed ,





in Colorado as well as they are in Mich-

igan.



Of course, if you purchase a. less num-

ber of females to start with you would

not have to invest so much money. It

all hinges on the amount of money you

can invest. On the other hand, if you

bought a fewer number it would take

you longer to get a commercial herd.

With regard to price, I am unable to say





what you would have to pay, so much

depends upon the quality. If you get

cattle of fancy breeding, that is, cattle

from high producing families, you will





have to pay good prices. Holstein cattle

are on the boom, and they have merit.

Consequently when you buy Holsteins

now you want to have a pretty “long

pocketbook" or you can't get a very big

herd.





A Chicago paper works off this valu-

able information on its readers: "That

raising stock on a scientific basis is more

profitable than that of the old way, was

testified to by Guy P. Phillips, of Illinois.

who, besides raising many farm products

buys a few Holstein cows and fattens

them for the market."





cm.





American Sheet and Tin Plate Com-

pany, Pittsburgh, Pa... send an illustrated

booklet entitled, “Copper in Steel, the In-

fluence on Corrosion.” In th booklet

will be found information of value with

regard to the many experimental tests of

rooting material manufactured by this

company, with a view to overcoming the

deleterious effects of corrosion. It is fully

illustrated and will be found a. valuable

booklet for those interested in roofing

materials.

the Michigan





 





Farmer.





 





 





Write for a copy. mentioning





 





 





1

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l





—.;~c-—-: -__‘ ..._ ._.—._——-~_.____.__, ,_ A__.I, ,_~_.~_‘__ A





W‘s, ' -





1

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,
a

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JUNE 7, ‘ 1913.





‘ " INDIVIDUAL . RECORDS.





 





Individual records on the dairy farm

are becoming more and more avnecessity

than a fad as some would class them only

a few years ago. The dairyman of today

is waking up to the fact that unless he

can make a reasonably good profit from

each cow something is radically wrong in

the management of the dairy herd.



A dairyman must first put his enter-

prise on a strictly business basis, and

that can only be done by keeping records

of each individual cow. The working

tools necessary are a spring balance milk

scale, daily and monthly record sheets,

and a. Babcock tester. The milk from

each cow must be weighed at each milk-

ing and the same recorded on the record

sheet which is nailed in a convenient

place in the barn. Then he may set a

certain day of each month to take a sam-

ple of the night and morning milk from

each cow. For instance, samples could

be taken the fifteenth of each month in

the evening. Completing the work on the

morning of the sixteenth. It is advis-

able to allow two cubic centimeters for

each pound of milk produced from each

cow night and morning to get a fair sam-

ple. A monthly test is considered a fair





2 .





.4





THE MICHIGAN; FARMER





will soon commence to rust; and rust is

at all times to be avoided if you would

have first-class milk products. If this

tendency shows in a, single spot, carefully

remove the first traces with wood ashes

or some scouring soap, and especially

guard against moisture in future.



The test of what feed a cow shall be

given is growing more and more to be,

not what she will eat but what ‘a person

should eat. Distillery slop and other pro-

ducts which we would not for a. moment

consider fiit to be taken into the human

system are by no means fit food for the

cow that is to transform her food into

milk. She is in reality a. great chemical

laboratory, but without the powers of the.

alchemist, who strove to change the has-

er metals into gold. She cannot trans-

form impure products into pure ones; and

food that is spoiled must be kept out of

her reach.



The general enforcement of pure food

laws is making more complete renovation

among dairy circles than in any other

part of the farm; and while some of the

rules laid down by so—called specialists

are scarcely in accordance with those of

the practical farmer, there are others

which contain hints of value. And in any

general reform it is a great deal better





 





 





 





 





Dutch Belted Cow—Buttercup and Her Calf.





sample for the whole month. The num-

ber of pounds of milk each cow produces

must be added separately at the end of

the month to find the total number of

pounds of milk produced in that period.

This amount is multiplied .by the per

cent of butter—fat to determine the

amount of butter-fat made. For instance,

if a cow gave 875.6 lbs. of milk a month,

testing 4.2 per cent fat, she will produce

36.7 lbs. of butter-fat. Furthermore, he

must keep a record of the feeds fed to

each individual cow to get the cost of

production and subtract that and other

items 0f cost from the returns to get the

net pi'ofit. '



This will seem to some men an unnec-

essary amount of work; but unless the

dairym'an does this he will never know

the individual cows that are sending Tom

and Dick to college. At the end of a

few months a close investigation of the

figures will readily show which cows

must be disposed of.



The dairyman must know the records

of the individuals to know which calves

to raise and surely he would not -raise

the calves from the unprofitable cows if

he knew what he was doing. Of course,

it is taken for granted that a man to do

this, will have a pure-bred sire at the

head of his herd from some of the well—

known dairy breeds, such as Holstein

Friesians, Gurenseys, Jerseys or Brown

SwiSs. By this method he will raise the

production many times above the cost of

a pure-bred sirc.



A farmer who expects to make a suc-

cess of his work must know which cows

are paying a profit on his money invested

or in other words, which make a profit-

able market at home for the crops on the

farm. “'0 can class the dairy cow as a

manufacturing plant, for a dairy cow of

the right type will convert the roughage

from the farm into a valuable dairy pro-

duct at a far greater profit than the crops

on the market today.





North Dakota. U. J. DOWNEY.





 





 





DAIRY NOTES.





 





Thoroughness should not end with the

washing and scalding. It is quite as es-

sential that they be thoroughly dried un—

less the period of usefulness is wilfully

curtailed. In summer they may be sun-

dried; but in the winter months this

thorough ‘airing is not practicable and

more care must be given to the hand

process. If allowed to remain damp they





to be at the head than in the roar of

the procession.



The dog which persists in running at

the heels of the Cows is an abomination.

When it is young there are various suc—

cessful devil-cs for training it to stay in

its place; but when the wrong habit is

acquired it is apt to persist, worrying the

animal and making it mad. .-\nd then

when milking time comes, you find fault

because the cow is so nervous and ir~

ritable.



SOme wonder why farmcrs sell their

milk and buy butter, even though thc

first-class article may be rare. It is but

another application of the \\'cll testcd

principle-anything can be done cheaper

on a large scale; and SO the home butter

making, with its attendant trials and

hardships, is in many places a thing of

the past—at least during the summer

months.





Penn. B. L. I’UTNAM.





 





THE SALE OF DAIRY CALVES.





 





The Chicago market received during the

month of April much smaller supplics of

calves than in the same month of last

year. It was the time for marketing

spring calves from the dairy districts of

the middle west, and the decreased ship-

ments are largely accounted for by the

fact that good heifer calves arc. being rc-

taincd by dairies, while many of the

steers with beef blood are being sold as

stock calch, there being a much greater

demand than in former years. \\'ithin a

short time numerous sales of stock

calves have been reported at $761,787) per

100 lbs, good ones bringing $7.50 and up-

ward, and more could be disposed 01’

readin than are obtainable. The best

light-weight veal calves are particularly

good money-makers, veal being classed

among the; luxuries these times.





BOOK NOTICE.





 





“The Farmer of Tomorrow," by Fred-

erick -Irving Anderson. In this volume

the author has sought to bring together

a popular consideration of the two funda-

mental factors affecting the business of

farming. First, the floor space of the

American farmer in terms of land, and

second, the resources of the land itself in

terms of soil fertility. The work is di-

vided into nine chapters, is printed in

large type and contains over 300 pages.

It is bound in cloth and can be secured

through the Michigan Farmer offices at

$1.50 net per volume. Published by the

MacMillan Company.





 





 

 





 





Be Your Own Judge





We cannot believe that there is a sensible man living who

would purchase any other than 3. DE LAVAL Cream Separator

if he would but SEE and TRY an improved





for his own use





 





Simply ask the DE





buyers who





DE LAVAL machine before buying.

It.is a. fact that 99% of all separator





do SEE and TRY 3. DE LAVAL





machine before buying purchase the DE

LAVAL and will have no other separator.

The 1% who do not buy the DE LAVAL

are those who allow themselves to be in-

fluenced by

genuine separator merit.



Every responsible person who wishes it

may have the Free Trial of a DE LAVAL

machine at his own home Without advance

payment or any

LAVAL agent in your nearest town or write





something other than real





obligation whatsoever.





direct to the nearest DE LAVAL office.





The new 72-page De Laval Dairy Hand Book. in which important dairy questions are

ably discussed by the best authorities. is a book that every cow owner should have.

Mailed free upon request if you mention this paper. New 1913 De Laval catalog also

Write to nearest oilice.





mailed upon request.





THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO.





NEW YORK





CHICAGO





 





SAN FRANCISCO SEATTLE





 





 





/////////

#4”





Feed two sacks (fl!)





 





821 Gilloopio Bldg.





//‘///





// . .

’ 'Véfl





 





@

The Ready Ration

For Dairy Cows ;





The only feed that’s guaranteed

to produce more milk and keep

your cows in better condition.





Here’s Our Trial Offer





Go to your dealer (it he can't supply you.

write us) and get. as many sacks as you want.

lbs.) to any one cow—watch

results two weeks. especially the second week.

If LurroJeed does not. lease you. take the un-

used sacks back. No c arse will be made for

the two sacks used in the trial. _

merit of Lnrro~feed or no sale. Youtake no l’llk.

Large Free Sample by parcel post on request.





THE LARROWE MILLING COMPANY





///"





   





 





   

 





'e prove the





DETROIT. MICH.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





AMERICAN





SEPARATOR





THIS OFFER IS NO CATCH.

It is a. solid proposition to send.

on trial. fully guaranteed, a new,

well made. easy running separa—





m 1k; making heavy or light

cream. Designed especially for

small dairies. hotels and private

tamilies. Different from this pic-

ture, which illustrates our large

capacity machines. The bowl is

a sanitar marvel. sully cleaned.

G e :1 rs horoughly rotected.

Western orders fll ad from

Western points. Whether your

Dairy is large or small, write

us and obtain our handsome

free catalog. .vAddreu:





toir for $15.95. Skims hot or cold .





 

 





 

 





 





 





   





V ”1’MIIIIIWII/





 





 





   





.1





wo Months’

FAR E E Test





wonderful separntor

a wonderful price.

ngeet. “no risk"trial—

ongest guarantee.

Warrantod a Lllotlmo

against defective mood-l or

r k man-





   





5's





   

 





m

E?

'1





   

   

 

   

   

 

 





 

 

 





ermin-





B .



cal for our lib-0e Segarator Catalog an ace .5 L,

for yourself wh t V f

or; !s easier to c can. easier ‘

untilypu at our 60 Daun' Frau .

Made In our larger size: up 600 lb. capa- ‘

city shown harem" sold at low pricea,a|l nar- .,

antud a lei-tum. Send or cats 0 a .





DapLA l 7 . no t.

Shipm'ta from NewYork.ChIcn¢o, KansnaCity





rl‘x

; I





. \‘d

l





 

   

 





 





 

   

   

 





 





 





Yes sir, I’ll save you $35 to $50

in the first coat alone on the best,most modern. .

most sanitary and closest skimming cream a“ _

separator ever built. When you buy the lIlI-l‘iv '

M3153, /





New Galloway Sanitary a y-





-you pay Just one small profit above -

actual cost of materials and labor. Why pay

any dealer $85 to $110 for an inferior ma-



chine. Buy direct and save one-half. Get my





Special 1913 Offer and

90 Days FREE TRIAL





tent of thin machine ri ht on your form.

he new Galloway unitary slums to a trace gears

run In OIL-easg to run-—eany.t.o clean. Sold alrect.

Backed by $25 00 bond. Write for new catnlogfnnd

Ipectnl 1918 pfl'er that will help you get our mic Ina

partly or entirely Without cost In the en .erte today.





WM. GALLOWAY COMPANY . >

183 Galloway Statlon. Waterloo. 10. 468





 

   

   

 

 

 

 





   





 





.”





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





' Every G o o d

’ ' D a 1 ryman’s

Pride ---



A clean comfortable

,. cow. housed in a can-

itary barn. You’ll be

. ,prouder of your barn

" after it is equipped

with





HARRIS.

talls& Stancluons

They never wear out.

never get out of order.



The simplest and most. service~

able devices of their kind. A comfortable cow

gives more and better milk. This means big-

ger profits from your herd. Write for our

Illustrated Catalog

Tells all about our labor saving FREE

barn equipments. Ask for it on a post card today.





The Harris Mtg. (20.. Box 150 Salem. Ohio





 





 





 





 





 





Chicago





 





 

 





53:221.. Cream Separator

Easy to Run, Hard to Wear Out





BEATRICE CREAMERY COMPANY

Lincoln. N ob.

Dec Moinoo. In. Dubuque. In. I

. u I: II I II"





AMERICAN SEPARATOR co. mustn‘t...





 





   

 





 

   





 





 





WA»

".'.'.' 3. ~_-_.;.'-.

Easily made, easily erected. Molded from .' a, "

cement With an inexpensive mold right on . .

your-farm by any farm hand. Makes a silo .

like rack. frost and the proof. ’

tight. We also sell guara file slim III '





 





ready to put together. .Eithur silo bi In .'

saver. WdteEffiglgooklet N kl“ 2-2.5, .'





on-
Pay me- less

{Jet moltc Value





 





.-

V





Gasoline, One ‘and Oil





Sizes 1% to m. Massive-d mount-d.

(skids a trucks.) A. With detachable

cylinders. vertical valves, and other features

of H ‘ 'Shnl-It no entzne can be

res y i -grnde. ta WLtho‘ u cranking.

run wig“ watching. 24 hours a by.

Cheaper power. per hone. than others give.





0

Buy Direct Pro. hem

— — —



5-H” GUAM?



.0 DAY? FREE TRIAL



Bold to save you desiers’ profits, and give you

lowest tact prions ever known tor strictly 11

standard eng ass of proven worth. No reason. e





terms refund if on can’t all cub. Get my

great new book. REE, with is est prices.





in. "I mnE’ ‘a'l'n‘omuuin ::E.:.°.

KAI.“ cm. HICOOURI.





 





 





 





 





 

 





Let My Pumping

Engines Do the Work





‘ Yes, sir. Get a Galloway Pumping

Engme Outfit. Put it to a 90-day test on

your farm. Use it to run the churn, cream sep-

arator, washing machine, pump or any small

machine on your place. Then if you don't say it s

the best little engine you ever saw in your life,

you can ship it back. ’ll refund our money amine



the freight both ways. 132,??? '1)? higéafier'B—Blivteherooh



e

3121:: 3615:0119th 33.53% youubezt ilt‘l lgov". Write me bogey.





Get My Special Offer and Prices





Do it today. Only $24.75 for a 1% h. p. "Boss

of the Farm" pumping engine; You can’t afford to wait

for your windmill to blow down or a calm, hot

day when you have to do all the pumping fora ‘

lot of stock by hand. Be pared Get my spe~ :

cinl pum engine catalog an 826 to $60 on our on. r.‘

zine ondpjo n my ll. of over 80.000 anti-lied lie ‘1



9cm. no today. Don't outit

ou'll need an engine in the next few weeks. lt'llw ,-

zr itself the first month. Get In! Ipeclnl 1918 I _

0""- Addflfli Wm. Galloway. Pres.





   





 

 

 

 

 

   





.33





   

 





DON’T CUTOUT





 





 





Live ‘





mourn. came F‘l‘EDERS’ eon.

wanton.





 





, The Indium Cattle Feedem’ Convention

iis an event looked forward to by laun-

dreds of cattle feeders in that state.

:Twice annually are gathered in conven-

tion the most progressive and enthusias-

tic stockmen of the surrounding dia-

t'ricts, to renew acquaintances, to discuss

cattle feeding, and to inspect the experi-

\mental cattle fed at Purdue Experiment

Station.



The Sixth Annual Spring Convention

‘Was held in Lafayette, Friday, May 3,

1913. and was one of the most enthu-

siastic meetings of the organization. The

attendance was 50 per cent larger than

at any previous convention held.



The meeting was called to order at

10:30 a. In, by President Maurice Doug-

las, Flat Rock, Indiana, who, in his in-

troductory remarks stated that the last

few years have been the most prosperous

in his experience with the cattle feeding

business. His faith in the future of the

industry is well attested by the fact that:

he is now erecting at considerable cost a

feeding plant of sufficient capacity to ac-

comnmdate several loads of cattle.



The results of the feeding trial at Pur-

due which had been completed, were dis-

cusscd by F. (i. King. The cattle used in

the trial had been prchased locally and

on the Chicago market. All lots except

lot seven were valued at $6.65 per cwt.

at the beginning of the trial. Lot seven

was valued at $6.90 per cwt.



The cattle in lot two were fed a ration

of shelled corn, cottonseed meal and 010-

ver hay. They gained in 180 days, 432.5

pounds per steer at a cost of $0.34 per

cwt. gain. The selling value of the cattle

on the Chicago market as placed by

Messrs. J. T. Alexander, of Chicago, and

Allen Becler, of Indianapolis. was $8.40

per cwt. This leaves a profit of $4.29 per

steer without the pOrk produced. or $11.16

per head when pork is included.



The cattle in lot four were fed shelled

corn, cottonseed meal, clover hay and

corn silage. They gained 435.3 pounds

per head, the largest gain of any lot in

the trial. The coSt of gain was $8.16 per

cwt. The selling value was $8.35 per cwt.





 





 





a SHOE BOIL. CAPPED

HOCK or BURSITIS. ‘0





will remove them and

leave no blemishes. Cures

any pufl‘ or swelling.

Does not blister or remove

the hair. Horse can be

worked. $2.00 per bottle

delivered. Book 6 K free.





RBINE R. the antise )tic lini-

ABSD J ment for Ilnankind.

For Boils, Bruises, Old Sores, Swell-

ings, Goitre, Varicose, Veins, Varicos-

ities. Allays Pain. Price $1 and $23.

bottle at druggists or delivered. Will





 





tell more if you write. Manufactured I





only by

w. F. YOUNG, P. ll. F.. 268 Temple 8L. Sprlnxfledl. Mass.





L‘L. I



E Ne . N E



‘ up on gasoline, kerosene. distillate, ~ ., ,_'

. any cheap fuel oil. Cost less to run—

' develop more power. Patent throttle

. gives Iliru angina is our. Many other

. exclusive lectures—guaranteed 10

' years—we pay freight—30 dnyr' {rec ,

' trial. Send Ior catalogue today. '

_ Ills tube 00. illlrlm 8L. loin”, Iloh. . ,-





fartlett’s little Pig Meal





The Best Growing Feed on the Market.

Csrbohydrates...............80 to 83 per cent.

Protein . . 9 to 12 ”





 

 





   

 

   

   

 

 





 

   





 





 





 

   





Ether Extract . 1% to 256 "

Ash .2 to 2% ”

Moisture. only.............. 3 to 4 “.

Crude Fibre. only.......... 1 “





NOTE: ~Almost no crude fibre. This mean: no waste. A

wholly digestible feed. Wet up with milk this feed is

luperior to anything on the market as a. little pig GROWER.

it's s bone and muscle food. Consists of a carefully com-

pounded formula. of selected whole wheat. (no flour taken

out) barley and corn grits. well sweetened. thoroughly

cooked—dried. finely ground. it's absolutely free of screen-

ings. foul stuff or dirt of any kind. It‘s I line clean meal-

very point-bio and good enough for human food. All young

animals like it. and thrive on it. It's worth your investi-

gation. Prim—iOO-lb.befl. $1.75; 200 lb... $3.40; 500 lbs.,

88.20; 10001bl.. 816; lbs.. 331. Send for trial order.



Money back it not satisfactory.

J. E'. BARTLETT 00.. Jackson. Mich.





 





 





 





 





1, lest conditioner

. . lxpelle





., Death to Heaven

. . “Guaranteed or lone Book.”

Coughs,0ismper,1n mention.





unusual? 21?:





The profit per lot was $8.65 per steer, not

including pork, and $18.50 per head, in-

cluding pork produced. -

Lot six was fed the same as lot four,

except the clover hay was replaced by





 





oat straw. The rate of gain was px-acticr

ally the same and the cost of gain was

reduced 42 cents per cwt by the use of

the cheaper roughage. The selling value

of the cattle was the same in lots six

and four. The profit, not including pork,

was $10.42 in lot'six, and $19.05, including

pork.



Lot three was fed shelled corn, cotton-

Seed meal and corn silage. The rate of

gain was 2.29 pounds daily per head. with

a cost of $8.08 per cwt. The selling val-

ue of this lot, however, was so low that

the profit was not as large as when Some





 





form of dry roughage was fed in addi-

tion to the silage and grain. The selling

value was $8.25 per cwt.. and the profit,

not including pork, $7.76 per head, and

$15.41 per steer when the gain on the

hogs was included as a part of the feed-

ing operation.



Lot five was fed the same as lot six,

except that more cottonseed meal was

fed. Four ands daily per 1,000 pounds

cwt. was.fed in lot five and 2 and a half

pounds in lot six. The rate of gain was

2.32 pounds daily per head. The cost of

gain was $8.56 per cwt., the selling price

value was $8.35. The profit per head was

$7, not including pork, ahd $15.06 per

head when this item was considered.



Lot one was fed the same as lot six.

rexcept that soy bean meal was fed in-

stead of cottonseed meal, The cattle re-

ceiving soy bean meal tended toward

“looSeness” and did not relish their feed





 





 





drumstr' or rent poatpsid.

mm common-u





 





as much as those receiving the cotton-

seed meal. The cost of gain was $7.89

and the selling value $8.20 per cwt, in

this lot. The profit was $7.95 per head,





.not including pork, and $15.82 per steer





when this source of profit is considered.



Lot seven contained the heaviest steers

in the 70 head when started on feed.

They received no corn for the first 70

days. They were then full fed on the

same ration as lot six. They made a.

daily gain of 2.20 pounds per head at a.

cost of $7.92 per cwt. The profit in this





THE M'icmosn FARM'ER'

- ~ ‘ 'vmmmmmmmmmmm





Stock.





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llllllWWllllfllWllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllflllllllllllIlllllllllllllIllflfllllflflfllflflflflllmmlmmflfllmfimmmlllllllllllllllfllllllllflll[filling





mumumllli





lot was $8.12 per steer without pork, and

$16.95 per head with the pork.



After inspection of. the cattle by the

visitors, lunch was served in the iudglng

pavilion. This was followed by a (115-

cussiou of “Beef Production in the Corn

Belt.” by Prof. W. A.*Coche1, of Mark

nation. Kansas. The personal popularity

of the speaker made his remarks especial-

ly impressive. Prof. Cochel traced the

progress of cattle feeding through its

history in the United States and showed

that it had been the tendency of. eco-

nomic condition to force the growing of

beef cattle to the cheaper lands. This

has developed the feeding in the corn

belt of cattle raised on cheaper lands. He

believes that beef making has a great

future. He says: “Land values have no

influence in the profits derived from the

fattening of cattle for the market. Just so

long as the land is not too valuable to grow

corn. clover and alfalfa, the fattening in-

dustry can be followed. There is little

difference in the feeding value "or a bushel

of corn that has grown on land worth

$200 an acre. as compared with that

which was grown on land worth $40 per

acre. Fattening cattle is simply a means

0! marketing the crop which has been

produced. The feeder must determine

whether this route is more profitable than

the elevator.”



The speaker then gavo ample and con-

vincing evidence showing that the last

seven years have seen handsome profits

from cattle feeding. Not only did his

figures show a profit from handling cat-

tle, but the utilization of roughage and

conservation of soil fertility have such a

profound influence on farm economics

that “in all countries and through all

times a consistent production of beefcat-

tie has made their owners prosperous,

their farms more fertile, and has result—

ed in the best citize..s that can be pro-

duced." F. G. KING,



Sec’y Indiana Cattle Feeders' Assn.





VETCH AND RYE HAY FOR HORSES.





 





 





I see in the issue of the Michigan

Farmer dated May 24, under the heading

of “Feeders’ Problems,” that a reader

asks a query in regard to feding vetches

and rye hay in horses.



My experience of this may be of in-

tcrcst.



I have fed vetches and rye bay for sev-

eral years now, on my farm in England,

but have never done so in America. but

that fact would have very little to do

with the results'obtained.



I have always found the mixture made

an excellent, and in my opinion, very

nutritive article of food; ‘eSpecially so, if

there is a rather larger proportion of

vetches than rye in the mixture. and care

is taken to cut the crop early, before the

rye gets old and tough.



My system in England is to sow the

mixture 011 disked or harrowcd wheat

slubbles in the beginning of September,

in dry weather, and then roll the crop.



Soon after the first shower, the young

crop may be seen on the mOVe, making

a fair amount of growth before winter.



During the cold weather the crop re-

mains xnore or less stationary, as regards

growth, but on the approach of spring.

it makes a rapid growth, until the vetches

are beginning to flower in May, which is

the time that I cut the crop.



Part of the prop I find very useful for

“soiling" to dairy cows or horses, taking

care to bring the horses on to it grad-

ually.



All that is left OVer, I cut for hay.

which is fed to the horses in the wint’er,

and they not only thrive on it, but ap-

pear to be very fond of it.



I have not fed the hay to cows much,

as I have always considered that the

somewhat tough stalks of the rye are

more suitable for horses; if, however, one

wished to feed it to cows, I see no rea-

son why it should not give good results.



In making the hay, rather more care is

required to get it well cured, than is the

case with grass hay, as there is more

probability of it becoming musty, if tak-

en up in a damp condition. .



The presence of the vetches in the hay

gives the feed a high albuminoid ratio,

and I have found keeps stock in fine con-

dition, when judiciously fed, in conjunc-

tion with other kinds of to . -



I suppose that the crop would be sown

and treated in a somewhat different man-





, m 1. on

her from what I have; mm, but the

results obtained in fiddling to stock should

be the am in host countries



lease Co. B. is". L. macgw.



Wm

CATTLE. ANE MM VS. BEANS ANQ

3351".

m



Would like your advice as. to the prof-

its one could make flattening cattle and.

hogs, as compared with raising bea s

and beets. Have 200 acres with eta 0

room for 40 head of cattle, and a silo of

1.20 tons capacxty. About how many

acres of corn would it take to wxnter 4.0

head of two—year-old steers? Have fit

800d strong land of heavy nature, a 0

low pasture. About how many boss could

I handle successfuuy to run after that

many cattle? I would figure on another

silo ifthis proposition was profitable. Al-

50,. what would make a 800d balanced

ration of grain with corn ensilare for

fattening cattle?



Shiawassee Co. SUBSCRIBER.





It would be extremely difficult for one

to tell which would be the most profit-

able, cattle and hogs, that is, live stock

farming, or beans and beets. As a mat-

ter of fact, it would depend largely upon

the man and, of course, upon environ-

ment, the kind of farm which one had,

the nearness to factory or market. and

all of those things must be taken into

consideration. Beans and beets are con—

sidered two of the most profitable crops

in Michigan. 011 the other hand. cattle

and hogs at the present prices are profit-

able. My idea would be to not make any

sudden change in my system of farming.

It I was growing beans and sugar boots

and wanted to introduce cattle and hugs

I would do So on a small scale. feed a

few steers every winter. You can pick

up feeders and try it out. If you try to





raise your Own calves then you are in.





the dairy business. which is another prop-

osition. because it will not pay to keep

cows just on purpose to raise calves. but

you must milk them and dispose of the

milk in some way. If you can raise good

crops of beats and beans you can raise

good crops of corn and clover, which are

also stock foods. Now it would be better

for the farm if you have a rotation of

crops with corn and clover. beets and

beans, in your rotation. Then you“ can

keep cattle and hugs to consume the corn

and the clover. It would be better to

have this variety of products rather than

to confine oneself to cattle and hogs.

which is pure livo stock farming. or to

beans and beets. which is farming en-

tlrcly without live stock. General farm.

ing is not as great a risk as specialized

farming, and one can keep up the fertil-

ity of the farm better. It is a more slm<

ple thing to keep up the fertility of the

farm when one keeps live slock in con-

nection with ’the growing of other crops.



Ten tons of corn silage to the acre is

only a fair crop, and if your silo held '120

tons then 12 acres of corn would fill the

silo but it is possible to raise considerable

more than 10 tons of silage to the acre.

If the corn is put into the silo yoh will

not need to feed many hogs to follow the

steers because there will be very little

if any, undigested corn. Hogs following

steers in feeding are used and must be





used where dry shock corn is fed. be-'





cause there much of the corn paSSes

through the steers undigested and would

be a total loss if it wasn't for the hogs

that follow. Vthn the corn is put into

the silo practically the whole of it is

digestible and hogs would starve to death

after silage-fed steers, so that if you

ralse hogs you will have to provide some

other kind of feed for them and feed them

the corn direct. As you have some land

that is suitable only for pasture it would

seem to me the best thing for you to do

would be to keep at least a few cattle in

connection with your bean and beet

farming, but I would work into it grad-

ually. In fattening steers on corn silage





one of the very best grain rations that ‘





can be fed, especially during the early

part of the fattening period, is cotton-

seed meal. This furnishes protein. They

ought also to have clover hay. Bean

pods, if the beans are gathered and har.

vested when they should be, also make

a good roughage. Then, later on in the

period of fattening you can add corn meal

to help finish them. off, but I would feed

cottonseed meal during the first stages

and, in fact. continue it during the whole

fattening period but at the last stage of

fattening, or the finishing of the steers.

1 would add corn meal. Of course, you

can feed the steers shelled corn but they

will not digest the whole of it and then

hogs might profitably follow, but if you

have not made a. practice of having the

hogs follow the steers it possibly would

pay to grind the corn and feed the corn

meal. Then there would be little or no

waste in feeding it. ' '

COLON C. LILLm.
J-UNE 7, 1913.





I





THE MICHIGAN 'FARMVER





 





FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS.





 





Grain Ratlon for Pigs on Rape.





I have about 20 young pigs not yet

weaned and as I wish to make them

grow as fast ,as possible with the least

expense. I have two acres of rape up

now and intend sowing 2% acres, more in

about a week so that I can alternate

them as fast as it is eaten off. I have

about two acres of cloverwhich I Will

use, too. Now is it advisable to feed

grain and What kinds with this for pas-

ture? Will not have much milk but

would like to know if the commercial calf

meal will take the place; if so how should

it be fixed and in what proportion? Is

middlings and corn meal good for grow-

ing'pigs? Should they be fed a. thin slop

three times a'day or oftener at first?

What would be a good balanced ration to





get good results? Will not spare any ex-

pense for feed that will bring quick re-

sults.



Oakland Co. W. W. L.





Pigs should have. a liberal grain ration

when on rape or any other green forage

in order to make satisfactory gains.

There is nothing better for the base of

the ration than fine wheat middlings. A

little tankage and some corn meal can be

fed with this profitably, using not over

10 per cent of tankage as compared with

the corn meal and making these feeds a.

small factor in the ration at first, gradu-

ally increasing them. 'The pigs should

not be weaned before eight or ten Weeks

old where skim-milk is not to be avail-

able as a factor in the ration. The writ-

er has never used commercial calf meal

for this purpose and has no data. as to

whether it would be a profitable addition

to the ration or not.



A Fattening Ration for Hogs.





Will you please tell me how to make a.

balanced ration for hogs to fatten and

also for pigs, without corn? Have oats.

barley, rye, wheat, and will have some

milk for pigs.



Montana. A. J. M.





None of these goods are as good fat-

tening foods for hogs as Indian corn. If

you have no Indian corn, of course you

will have to do the best you can with

the foods on hand. Barley is the best

one of the grains for this purpose, and 'I

would recommend for fattening hogs to

feed barley and rye in the proportion of

two parts barley to one of rye and grind

them together and feed the hogs all they

will eat up clean three times a day. They

will fatten all right on this ration, but it

would be better if you had a part of the

ration corn.



How to Feed Wet Brewers’ Grains.





Having contracted for about 21/; tons

of wet breWers’ grain I would like to

know how to feed to hogs and cattle.



Kalamazoo Co. M. M.





Wet brewers’ grains can be fed in

much the same way as corn silage. _ That

is, you can feed them alone or you can

feed them mixed with other grains and

other foods. As a matter of fact, you

ought to have dry roughage, hay or straw

or cornstalks to feed in connection with

them anyway, the same as you Would corn

silage. You can feed corn meal or ground

oats or ground barley in connection with

wet brewers’ grains and it would be bet-

ter‘ to place this extra grain ration on

the wet brewers’ grains. Put the brew-

ers’ grains in the manger, then put the

meal on the brewers’ grains. In this

way they are mixed together when the

animals eat them and I think you would

have better digestion than you would if

you fed the grain alone and then fed the

brewers’ grains alone. For hogs they can

be mixed up with the other foods in the

form of a, slop by mixing milk and water

or wheat middlings or corn meal, or any-

thing that you wish to fed in connection

with the brewers’ grains. Mix them in

the form of a thick slop and feed them in

that way.



Growing Pigs Without Skim-milk.



On account of sending my milk to the

condensary this year, I am somewhat at





'a loss as to how to feed my little pigs.





I have plenty of corn and oats on hand

and can get other feeds, such as oil

meal, wheat middlings, and beans. '



Tuscola Co. F. J. L.





It is impossible to have pigs make the

most rapid and thrifty growth where

skim-milk is not available as a factor in

the ration. However, pigs can be grown

quite successfully without skim-milk if

they are not weaned too young. Pigs

should not be weaned before they are

eight or ten Weeks old and should have





a run on good clover pasture, but if this.





is not available they should be given

some tender, green forage each day.

Then, by feeding a slop of fine middlings

and a little oat meal, at first with the

hulls sifted out and later by adding corn

meal and a little tankage to the ration,

very good results will be secured. A lit-

tle oil meal can also be added to good

advantage, but bran is too coarse a, feed

and contains too much fibre to be profit-

ably made a' factor in the ration, of the

small pigs. -It will require much skill in





/





feeding to get a good growth without the

milk, but by the use of proper judgment

in-feeding, excellent results will be se-

cured from such combinations of feed as

above suggested.





LIT/E STOCK NEWS.





Quality and weight of recent receipts

of cattle in the Chicago market did not

indicate any excessive supplies of big

bullocks in feeders’ hands, and while it

is known that Nebraska'and Kansas will

have fair supplies of that description to

ship to market, any repetition of the

unsatisfactory market conditions of two

years ago is regarded as wholly unlikely.

\Vhile the summer season is one usually

when big, fat cattle are discriminated

against by slaughterers on the whole,

there is always some call for them to

satisfy the high-class restaurant and

hotel requirements of the eastern sec-

tions of the country, but what owners

of these beeves should guard against is

throwing too many on the market at one





 





time. it is usually advisable for country

shippers to ignore sudden sharp ad-

vances in prices, when they take place.





as they are often brought about by the

packers for the very purpose of starting

a big run of cattle to market, so that

buyers can break prices and load up

their own terms. Looking backward,

many stockmcn can recall the disastrous

condition that prevailed two years ago,

when many big steers brought from $6

(@0125 per 100 lbs., these prices failing to

pay for the corn they had eaten. Of late

much the strongest demand in the Chi-

cago market has centered on light—weight

steers that could be purchased for me-

dium prices, with a good call for fat cows

and heifers also. Several days ago a.

sale was made of 38 head of prime year-

ling heifers that averaged only 501 lbs.

at $9 per 100 lbs., the highest price on

record for such baby cattle.



\Vas-hington Leavitt, head cattle buyers

in the Chicago market for Swift & 00.,

who has been traVeling throughout the

east of late, has returned and exm'essed

the opinion that tariff reductions will not

effect such radical changes in prices as

many people have been fearing. lle fails

to see that evil effects Would follow free

meats at a period when the whole world

is facing a shortage in beef cattle that

cannot be adjusted for nearly a decade.

The Mexican cattle, he adds, are adapted

only for the canned meat trade and feed—

ing purposes, while the southwestern and

western cattle ranches will want all the

Mexican importations of cattle which can

be made for several years. The supplies

of Canadian cattle are too small to at-

fect the market for bceves on this side

of the international boundary line, even

should cattle come in duty free, accord-

ing to Mr. Leavitt. }le remarks that

.»\rgentian, as well as Canada, faces a

cattle shortage which is as serious as

that of the United States, and the Can-

adians will have to produce many more

boeves before their shipment to this coun—

try could seriously inlluence American

priceS, while our country" fast growth in

population calls for a marked increase in

the beef output. Seven or eight years of

beef production gain in Argentina is re-

quired before that country can hope to

produce enough surplus beef to supply

its broad European demand and at the

same time export enough beef here to

have a strongr influence, on the price of

the American home-grown beef. Of

course, Mr. Leavitt looks at these mat-

ters from the packers’ standpoint.



These recent hot days serve to remind

stockmen and country shippers 0f hogs

that the time of the year is here when

increased care in attending to the mov-

ing of hogs in cars to market is essential

in order to prevent losses of hogs in tran-

sit from the heat. The first appearance

of hot weather is usually marked with

the greatest mortality to big, fat lard

hogs in transit, and it is false economy

to load too many hogs in a car. Better

give the occupants of the car plenty of

room. for every dead hog means a big

loss in there times, and it is also of im-

portance that the cars be well cleaned

before loading, while a good bedding of

sand or cinders is a gflod thing. \Vhen

the weather becomes extremely hot get

a big chunk of ice and suspend from the

top of the car.



Recent sharp breaks in prices for cat-

tle in the. Chicago and other lading mar-

kets of the country should Serve as re-

minders to stock feeders that cattle well

matured should be shipped out as soon

as possible, for there is no telling how

much lower the market will go ulti-

mately. \Vhile marketing matured beeves

especially those of heavy weights, it is

most unwise to sell off cattle prematurely

at a time when the pasturage of the

country is so unuSually promising, while

corn and other feed is so cheap. In fact,

most farmers who are so fortunate as' to

own well-bred, thrifty young cattle fully

realize this and are holding back cattle

on the feeder and stocker order. Hence,

the great scarcity of such offerings in the

market and their unusual dearness, re—

cent prices being dangerously high.



Senator W. A. Drake, the well-known

sheep and lamb feeder of Colorado, esti-

mates that 1,425,000 head of sheep and

lambs were fed in Colorado and the North

Platte country during the season now

nearing a close, divided as followszNorth-

ern Colorado, 550.000; Arkansas Valley,

600,000; North Platte country” 200,000;

San Luis Valley, 75,000. These are the

largest feedings in these districts report-

ed for several years, although the same

country has in times past fed in the ag-

gregate 1,750,000 during a single season.

The Colorado and North Platte

feeders have been experiencing the most

satisfactory season ever knowu since the

Sheep feeding industry was established

there, nearly everything having been in

their favor ever since the beginning of

the season.





sheep a





alllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllIllllllllllllIlllllllllIllllllHIlllllllllllllllllllllllllg

s . - g

e Veterinary. g

all|IllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllilllllllfi





CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR,- V. S.





Advice through this department is free

to our subscribers. Each communication

should state history and symptoms of the

case in full; also name and address of

writer. Initials only will be published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired informartiOn in a. reply that

has been made to someone else. When

reply by mail is requested, it becomes

private practice, and a. fee of $1.00 must

accompany the letter.





 





 





Lameness.-——My nine-

year-old horse went lame in right hind

leg three months ago. Starts out of sta-

ble or after standing still a short time,

very lame, but soon travels almost sound.

This Same horse has a habit of kicking

partition when eating grain. B. J., Roth-

bury. Mich—It is possible that he bruises

leg when kicking and if it is prevented

he might go sound. \Varming out of his

lameness indicates incipient bone spavin.

Apply one part tincture iodine and three

parts camphorated oil to hock joint once

or twice a day.

Laminitis—Contraction—I have a more

which has been foundered on corn and

has shown foot soreness, with some con-

traction since last fall. She is quite

lame at times, travels groggy and I am

inclined to believe ‘the trouble is in her

feet. Our local Vet. wanted to nerve

her. but before doing so prefer to have.

your advice. \\’. H. M., \Vayland, Mich.

—.»\pply one part red iodide mercury and

ten parts cerate of canlharides to coro—

nets in front three times a month and

stand her in wet clay two hours daily. it

is not always good practice to nerve :1

flat-footed horse that has been founderi-d.

Lymphangitis.—I have a six—year-old

mare that our Vet. believes to be incur-

able. She seems to have a loss of appe—

tite, swells in hind legs and is verylen-

der on inside of thigh. “'ould it be pru-

dent to breed her? F. G., Belding, Mich.

——l~ligh feeding and no exercise is the

cause of her trouble. and I know of no

reason why she would not make a fairly

good brood mare. Keep her bowels open

and exercise her every day. If she has

another attack foment swollen leg with

warm water and aVoid applying linimcnt.

If she is not in foal when the attack

occurS, give her cathartic medicine.

Vertigo—Spinal Paralysis—I have a

yearling colt that seems to be weak in

legs, staggers and wabbles when walked.

lie is now in pasture, appears to be life-

less and acts dizzy. ll. K.. Bad Axe.

Mich—Give the colt 1/2 dr. ground nux

vomica. and 1/2 dr. potassium iodide at a





Occult Spavin





dose in feed three times a day. If he

shows no improvement in two weeks.

gradually increase dosage. You will ob-





tain best results by giving nux VUlnIl‘fl,

full doses should be given; but as soon

as you discover any twitching or jerking

of muscles. reduce dose.



Enteritis—Medical Action of Nux Vom—

ica.~—My yearling filly had been on grass

for a month when I noticed her sick; she

acted droopy, stiff, had fcver. Her legs

stocked some and she had considerable

bowel pain. Our local Vet. treated her

Thursday and Friday and she died Satur—

day noon. \Vhai is the nature of nux

vomica? If it is given to a horse and

don’t go through him, iSn't it sure to kill

him? G. B., Butternut, Mich—Your filly

died the result of enteritis (inflammation

of bowels), caused, perhaps, by taking

cold. Nux vomica acts as a nerve tonic,

stomach tonic, stimulates respiration, se-

cretion, appetite and digestion. It also

increases bowel action. It also stimulates

and exalts all the functions of the spinal

cord, but does not affect the brain di—

rectly. Toxic doses cause trembling and

twitching of the voluntary and involun-

tary muscles. Very large doses may par-

alyze the cord as from a blow. and al-

most cause instant death. The symptoms

and mode of death somewhat resemble

those. of lockjaw, but are, of course, more

suddenly developed, more intermittent

and more rapidly fatal. I do not believe

that your colt suffered from drug poison-

mg.



Indigestion—eCow freshened May 15; in

good health, but only gives about a quart

of milk. Ceased lactation only about

three weeks; udder flabby, eats well, and

seems all right. \V. T. K., Farmington,

lVIich.——Give her enough epsom salts or

fresh grass to open her bowels, and hand

rub udder twice a clay, is about all that

can be: done to increase her milk yield.

A change of food is always advisable in

these kind of cases.



“'Ounded Leg—Stocking—Valuable Six

months old heifer calf got front leg badly

our six weeks ago; Wound healed fairly

good, leg remains thickened three times

its natural size and the other leg is some

swollen. P. P. A., “Ulyne county—(live

your calf 60 grs. powdered nitrate of pot-

aSh and 10 grs. potassium iodide at a

dose three times a day and a ly equal

parts extract of witch hazel d water

to swollen legs twice a day. ,



Partial Loss of Power—I have a sow

that seemed to lose use of hind quarters

ten days after she farrowed. but has a

fairly good appetite. E. G. H., Maybee,

Mich—Feed her no corn, but some oats

and oil meal; also give her 2 ozs. of cas-

tor oil and 2 ozs. of olive oil daily until

she purges fairly free. Also apply one

part turpentine, one part aqua ammonia

and two parts olive oil to back once a.

ay.



Rheumatism.~0ne week ago my six

weeks old pig lost the use of his legs and

is unable to get up. He seems to suffer

considerable pain. Have been feeding

white middlings, boiled potatoes and tur-

(Continued on page 651).





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Horse Owners Should V30





GOMBAULT’S

CAUSTIC BALSAM





The Great French Veterinary Remed .

A SAFE, SPEEDY & POSITIVE CU .





Prepared exclusively

b . E. Gombault, ex-

eterinarfi' Surgeon to

the Freuc Government

Stud.





 

   





 





 





 





SUPERSEIIES All. CAUTERY 0R FIRING.





Impossible to produce any scar or blemish.

The safest. best Blister ever used. Takes the



lace of all liniments for mild or severe action.



emoves all Bunches or Blemishes from Horses

or Cattle



As 8. HUMAN REMEDY for Rheu-

matlsm, Spralns, Sore Throat, etc., it;

is invaluable.



WE GUARANTEE that one table-

spoonful of Cuusuc Balsam Will produce

more actual results than a. whole bottle of any

linimcnt or spavin cure mixture ever made.



Every bottle of Cullstlc Balsam sold is

Warranted to give satisfaction. Price $1 - 50

per bottle. Sold by druggists or sent by ex-

press. charges paid, with full directions for its

use. Send for descriptive circulars, testimo-

nials, etc. Address





THE LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS COMPANY, Cleveland, Ohio.





KEEP IT

HANDY





You can never tell when a horse

is gomg to develop in Curb, Splint,

Spavln, Ringbone or lameness.

Yeti: is bound to happen sooner

And you can’t afford to

keep him in the barn. Keep a. bottle of





Kendall’s Spavin Cure

handy at all times. John Sayer of 324 Bronson

Avenue, Ottawa, Ont., writes - I would not be

without Kendall s Spavln Cure at any cost.

us a. priceless liniment for

both man and beast.





 





 





 





 





   





   

   

   

 





   

 





 

 

   

 

 





 

 

 





 





 

 





Get Kendall’s Spawn

Cure at any druggist’s.

I] per bottle—o‘for B5.

“Treatise on the Horse"

—tree—or write to





Dr. 8.1. KENMLL no

«but: Falls. Vt. 0.8.].





, MINERAL

. "a '"o's-HEAVE .

annual?





 

   

   

 

 

 

 





331% Package OUREB any case or money reminded.

Pack-go OURES ordinary oases. Mineral Halve

Remedy Co.. 463 N. Fourth Ave.. Pittsburzhma
640—8 . 5...,





The Michigan Farmer

Enubliahed 1.43.





The Lawrence PublishingCo.





Editors and Proprietors. _

39 to 45 Confro- St. West. Detroit mm.

ILIPEONE mm 455. '





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Olncseo Omen—m l‘ Nst'l. Bulk Buildi .

Oman—ML Ore-on Ave.. N.





 





 





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L B. WATERBUBY..." ........ ....}





 





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DETROIT, JUNE 7, 1913.





CURRENT COMMENT.





On another page of





.s- ...-s...





U0





-eo.ss .... .... vc-s eeee see.





80!! LITTELL....

.....anlne- Its-seer





 





 





 

 





 





 





 





 





Co-operative lnstitu- this issue appears

tions Fail. an article by that



able agricultural



writer, W. Milton Kelly, in which it is





reported that certain co-operative ven-

tures in western New York have come to

,grief because of inefficient, or fraudulent,

management. The reading of this arti-

cle together with the recent failure of a

co-operative grain elevator at Shepherd.

Michigan, brings to the attention of stu-

dents of marketing problems certain

matters that cannot be too strongly im-

pressed upon, nor too wi’ely published

among, those who undertake a part in

Co-operative institutions. And first it

should be stated that a broader insight

into affairs is required on the part of the

Individuals who become members of a

co-operative enterprise than where bus-

iness is done after the usual method. In

culling upOn several members of a cer-

tain co—operative concern the author was

astonished at the misunderstanding by

the parties regarding the organization

and conduct of the business. There Were

scarcely any two who had the same idea

of matters pertaining to the institution.

Each one, of course, was confident that

a better price was being paid for his pro-

ducts through the co-operative concern

but aside from this he could give no defi-

nite information. It‘ seemed a revelation

to many when it was pointed out that

the manager might use the monies pro-

vided by the stet-kholders to pay a high-

er price for products than his sales of

those products would warrant, and that

ultimately such an appropriation of funds

would lead to the failure of the concern,

but that for the moment it would popu-

larize the manager with the members.

An instance will illustrate: A member

of a certain co-operative elevator who

had a good standing with the manager,

sold beans that could not be disposed of

elsewhere at a price that returned to

that member enough to cover all he had

invested in the concern. The manager

could not dispose of these beans at a.

price that would cover their cost and the

difference was, of course, paid out of the

funds provided by the stockholders. i. e..

the stockholders unconsciously contribut-

ed this difference to this particular mem-

ber that the concern might handle his

poor beans. Under such patronage the

institution failed. Had the elevator been

a private concern the loss would have

fallen upon the owner; but here it help-





ed to destroy an institution that was de-‘





signed to improve the marketing condi-

tions of the community. In other words,

if a man is a member of a co-operative

institution he must see to it that he

deals honeslvaith that institution, for

in every instance where he falls to do

this he weakens the foundation upon

which it is built.



The illustration, above given suggests





TH E .M‘I‘cHIGAN FAR-M ER,





mum of cost .‘for maintenance these" roads?





.9. second matter that ought to concern

every person identified with these con-





‘éerns, namely, the choice of a manager





not only with business ability along the

line Undertaken by the organization, but

also with moral qualities that will put

his transactions above question. ‘It is

absolutely necessary to heme loyal memé

bers when working together in business.

interests, and no one thing. will con-

tribute more to this end than having the

business tranSactions conducted by ' a.

man of the highest integrity.



These two thoughts lead to a third—-

one ‘that was not’ forgotten by the fram-

ers of the federal constitution a century

and a quarter ago—which is, that the

different elements should have a check

upon the whole business of the organi-

zation, the same as each of the different

departments has a check upon the other

departments in our federal government.

To this end we believe~that co-operative

organizations Will not be generally suc-

cessful until arrangements are made that

will provide for regular auditing of the

books and business of the concern by a.

public accountant who will render, not

only to the manager and directors, but

also to the stockholders, a statement of

the condition of the affairs at the end

of, say each quarter, and be ready to

make special reports on any matters per-

taining to the business conducted. A

conscientious manager would welcome

such an arrangement in that it would

keep him in the proper light before the

members, while'the workings of an un-

Scrupulous one would be detected before

he had done a large amount of damage.

It would .also go far toward holding

those who have undertaken the venture

to remain loyal during times of stress. In

all, the members would be informed, the

manager would be protected and every-

one would be educated along lines of bus-

iness—an item that should not be over-

looked when listing the benefits of a co-

operative institution to a. farming com-

munity.



These are a few matters that are sug-

gested by the failures of the concerns

referred to above. We believe they are

vital to co-operative organizations and if

they are carefully heeded fewer institu-

tions of this nature will fall.





A report from New

York is to the effect

that the State Highway

Commissioner has de-

cided not to continue the expensive build-

ing of permanent roads until a way has

been found to build roads that will stand

up in service.



It has been found that crushed stone

or macadam roads built in that state de-

teriorate rapidly under modern conditions

and it has been established that after a,

contemplated expenditure of one hundred

million dollars in permanent roads it will

be necssary for the state to expend

twenty millions a year for maintenance.



This report states that the highway

commissioner will appoint an advisory

board of engineers who will investigate

the problem of adopting a durable type

of road before any further extensive pro-

gram of road construction is adopted.



This result is quite in line with Mich-

igan’s experience in localities where there

is a heavy automobile traffic upon the

highwayS. Special examples could be cit-

ed in many sections of the state to

prove this contention.



For instance—two miles of macadam

road built on the Grand River turnpike

just outside of Detroit'about four or five

years ago has been several times resur-

faced at large expense and is not now in

good condition. The macadam road built

between Lansing and East‘ Lansing has

never been in a satisfactory condition

since it was completed, and the one at-

tempt made to repair it was a failure.

Late last summer a Motion of macadam

road was built in Oakland county on the

Saginaw turnpike and as a precaution

against its deterioration the surface «*3

cemented with a coal tar or asphalt prep-

aration. \Vith but one winter’s wear the

surface of 'm's road is full of holes and

is consequently scarcely better than the

neglected gravel road which it replaced.



In some sections of the state, notably

in the northern counties and upper pe-

ninsula, macadam roads h given good

service, but in all localities where auto-

mobile trafi‘lc has, formed a considerable

percentage of their use they have not

given adequate returns for the money in-

vested in useful service. This is another

illustration of our frequently repeated

statement that in all sections of the state

where gravel can’be secured atany rea-

sonable cost it is the best material for

building permanent roads, since the first

cost is much cheaper and with a mini-





The Good Roads

Problem.





may be kept. in' good condition. at 9.111

times. It. is a. mistake, however, to build

roads of any character and neglect their

later care. ' -



‘ There has been much dis-

cussion regarding the cred-

it problem during the last

two years which, as read-

ers of the Michigan Farmer know, has

resulted in the sendingof an official Am-

erican commission'to Europe to study the

co-operative credit plans which are in

Operation in European countries. This

commission is now in Europe making a.

thorough study of the proposition, prep-

aratory to making a complete report: to

Congress and furnishing such information

as may be needed for the establishment

of a permanent working organization to

promote the rural credit propaganda in

this country.



This preliminary work could probably

be done at no more fortunate time than

at the present. It appears that pending

tarifi legislation or possible industrial

causes which are not apparent to the

casual observer have had the effect of

restricting the loans of banks to a. con-

siderable extent. We are informed

through reliable sources that in some of

the very best agricultural counties of

central Michigan farmers are unable to

get any but short time accommodations

at the local banks and are making loans

from private capitalists at what seems to

be an exorbitant rate of interest under

present conditions.



In these counties farmers are now mak-

ing mortgageloans and paying a mini-

mum of seven per cent interest, while two

years ago it was difficult for the same

capitalists who have furnished the money

to make loans in the same territory at

fiVe per cent. One man who recently

made a. large loan of more than. $10,000

at seven per cent stated that if he had

the money to place at the present time

he could easily get eight per cent and he

believed a. bonus could be secured which

would make the loan net close to ten per

cent.



It is not apparent, as above stated, to

the casual observer why there should be

any such advance in interest rates as a

result of any present economic condi-

tiOns. Farm products are cheaper than





Rural Credit

Problem





for some years, consequently less money





is required to move the crops on that ac-

count: also the bulk of last year’s pro-

duction is now marketed and there would

seem to be no present commercial activ-

ity which would make large demands up;

on the surplus capital of the country, con-

sequently we have no choice to in-

terpret the present scarcity of money and

prevailing tendency to advance interest

rates in any other way than as a. result

of caution on the part of financiers

against a possible financial stringency re-

sulting from pending tariff legislation.



This is another argument for the adop-

tion of some adequate credit system in

this country which will make it possible

f0r farmers needing additional operating

capital to make loans upon the best of

all securities at a reasonable rate of in-

terest.



It is also an argument for financial

legislation which will make the surplus

resources of the country more liquid and

more readily diverted to the sections of

the country where they are needed. Such

a system, could it be devised, would

largely obviate the hoarding of money by

banks and would generally tend to in-

crease the public confidence in the sta-

bility of the country’s business.





Several inquiries have

The Local Option been received from

Vote. subscribers for infor-

mati ' with regard to

the vote cast for and against local option

in the 12 counties in which this proposi-

tion was submitted at the spring election.

As a means of giving them official infor-

mation upon this subject we have se-

cured from the secretary of state the fol-

lowing tabulated report of the returns

from the county clerks in the several

counties which gives the ’total vote for

and against this proposition in all of the

12 counties in which it was submitted,

with the single exception of Calhoun,. in

which county returns are now- in the

courts as a result of litigation:





County. , For. Against.

Calhoun (litigation) ......

Clinton, dry .............. 2848 2462

Emmet, wet ............ -..1728 1978

Genesee, dry ........... 6339 6271

Huron, Wet ...... . ....... 2760 3575

Iouia, dry ............. .. 4142 - 3663

Iosco, wet ............ 726 967'

Jackson. wet .......... . .5792 6821

Lenawee, dry. ...... ,......5978 5197

Montcalm. dry ............3339 3196‘

Sanilac, dry ..... .. ....... 8809 3208

Tuscola, wet ...3406 8031





 





 





.Nstlenal. ,

Palmer, eat-United States





Thomas ' w.

senator ' for Michigan. president -

Chicago world's” fair, r’ex-minist'e'r' togpatilils

donator of Palmer‘Park to Detroit, and;

one of Detroit's best known citizens. died'

at his residence near Palmer Park last:





Sunday morning.- in his ‘eighty-fourth‘

year. The well-known philanthropist and

able statesman's last- illness dates from

two years ago when his automobile was

wrecked by an electric car and he was

thrown to the street. sustaining severe

bruises and being badly cut, from which.

time be has been slowly failing. His life

was closely linked with that of Detroit,

which, grew from a mere village of 2,222





residents to a. large city estimated at





525,000, during his lifetime.



The Michigan State Firemen's Associaq '

tion is in session at Cheboygan this week. '



The annual reunion of the survivors of

the Fourth Michigan cavalry will con-

vene in Lansing the seventh of this

month. ,



Citizens of the village of Leonard are

fighting in the' courts to keep the officials

from granting a license for a saloon re-

cently favored by the council. A tem-

porary injunction has been issued and the

effort is now to make it permanent;



A summer college for naval recruits

has been opened at Newport, L. I., for

the purpose of giving cadets instruction

along different lines of naval engineering.



A committee of the United States Seu-

ate is now taking testimony looking to-

ward the establishment of the fact of the

existence"of an organized body working

in the Senate for the purpose of modi-

fying the present tariff bill. '



The society of automobile .engineers.

with delegates from many countries, is‘

in sesaion in Detroit this Week. These

engineers declare that the automobile

and auto truck business is now just in

its infancy.



Senator Ransdell, of Louisiana. made a

plea for keeping a tariff on sugar in the

Senate Monday, in which he declared that

to remove the tariff entirely would vio-

late the pledge of the Baltimore conven-

tion and would destroy legitimate ind-us—

try by playing into the hands of the so-

called ‘sugar trust." Senator Ransdell

1s a democrat.



The trial of George A. Newett at‘Mar-

quette, charged with slander by Colonel

Theodore Roosevelt, was suddenly ter-

minated last Saturday when Newton tes-

tified that they could find, after a thor-

ough investigation, no person who would

go on the stand and testify that they had

ever seen the Colonel drink to excess.

The court al10wed the plaintiff nominal

damages.



Tw0 workingmen Were drowned at Bat-

tle Creek, Sunday evening, when they

attempted to change seats in a rowboat

in which they were riding.‘



A total of 42 amendments to the federal

conStitution has been asked for by 'dif—

ferent senators and representatives dur-

ing the present session.



Two men were killed and two severely

injured when an interurb-an car struck

the automobile in which the men were

riding, at a crossing south of Lansing

last week. The men were enroute from

Bay City to Milwaukee.



W. W. Ramsey, who has been connect-

ed with the J. 1. Case T. M. Company,

of Racine, Wis, since 1893. was recently

made general sales manager of that con-

cern to succeed C. F. Farney, who be-

comes assistant treasurer.



That information may be had to direct

the Senate committee in the drafting of

a monetary bill to place before the na-

tional Legislature, a list of 32 questions

has been. sent to bankers and economists

in all parts of the country for answers.



The treasury department reports that

there is a. daily increase in the export

of manufactured products from this coun-

try as compared with the corresponding

months of 1912. For the first ten months

of the fiscal year ending with June‘of

1913. the total increase amounts to about

$500,000 a day, or $154,000,000 for the

full period. The greatest increase is in

finished products.



Representatives of 55 railroads which

includes 85 per cent of the railroad track-

age of the country. were in conference

with the interstate commerce commission

last week, going over matters pertaining

to the making of a physical valuation of

all the roads of the country.



The United States Senate has author-

ized a committee to investigate the al-

leged charges that the companies fur-

nishing armor plate for the United States

battleships have combined, and also to

report on the feasibility of the govern-

ment establishing a plant for the manu-

facture of armor plate.





Foreign.





The chamber of deputies of Uraguay

has enacted a law providing for an eight-

hour day for workingmen. .



General Hsu, commander of an im-

portant detachment during the recent

revolution in China. was killed by a bomb

sent him thrOugh the mails May 25. Gen-I

eral Hsu was a close friend of Presidentw

Yuan Shi Kai. ' , . -.



Forty tribesmen were recently hanged



at Serra Leone on the west coast of Af-

rica after being convicted of the ‘prac-

tice of cannibalism. The men were mem- r",

bers of a secret, society that has been

giving the government much trouble.

' Nicaragua is working hard to effect ar-w

rangements with the United States .for‘

the construction of; a second canal be—,

tween the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. In





_the opinion of Dr. Castrillo, Nicaraguan'





minister to this country. who has devot-—

ed much of his political activity in the ..

interest of the project. a canal across,

Nicaragua will becomes commercial nec- ‘





.ssity for the country, 'in that it will 'res’





duce. the shipping dilutioe bemoan ‘thfiz‘:





'Atlentic and, Pacific pom ebthe’ United





States by 2,000 miles. as compared with

the Panama ,route. ‘ " ‘ »
LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?

INFORMATION





 





 





 





 





‘17»: FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?-

MECHANICAL





   





 





 





 





 





 





This Magazine Section iorms a part of our paper twice a month. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





 





 





The Present-Day Sailor of the Lakes.





By H. M. SULLIVAN.





daily papers and articles have fol-

in our magazines

about the deplorable condition of our

merchant marine. Writers have grown

pessimistic, and orators have waxed elo-

quent, over the supposed fact that there

are not enough capable seamen to man

the boats of the American navy in time

of war.



This state of affairs may be true of

American shipping on salt water, but if

the panic-stricken writers and orators

will turn their eyes toward the great

lakes and notice the boats, and the sail-

ors that man them, they will be com-

pelled to modify their opinions.



On these lakes ply hundreds of steam-

ers that rival in size, speed and luxury

the steamers that ply the ocean. They

are manned by men the equal, if not the

superior, in intelligence and ambition of

their salt water brethren. The wages

and conditions of labor are such that a

fine class of intelligent and ambitious

young men are attracted to the life, led

on by the assurance of speedy promotion

to the deserving. There is little room

for the loafer and “bum.” Here. on some

of the largest boats, are captains who

but a few short years ago were deck-

hands, while coal—passers, by their own

exertions, 'become chief engineers in a

comparatively short period of.time. The

position of captain or engineer is no sine-

cure, for harbor pilots are unknown and

the way some of these skippers handle

a six-hundred-footer in a narrow channel

is little short of marvelous.



The quick dispatch in loading and un-

loading leaves but little time in port, and

so the engineer must be wide awake in-

deed to get the necessary repairs fin-

ished so as not to delay the boat, as that

means a loss of money to the owners.

When one sees a steamer arrive in port

With ten thousand tons of iron ore in her

hold, and, within four or five hours. leave

entirely unloaded, one can understand

that the engine-room is no play~house or

lounging room. During the time in port

all necessary supplies, including food,

fuel, oil, paint and numerous other arti-

cles, must be put aboard and stowed

away in their respective places.



Although the work is hard and the life

oftentimes arduous, owing to the living

conditions, the ever-changing scenes and

the hope of advancement, it attracts a

great many bright young men. By no

means are all of these from the ports on

the lakes, but a, large percentage of the





COLUMNS have been written in our





lowed articles





best sailors in both departments, the nav—

igating and the engineering, are boys

who were born and raised on the farm,

some probably never seeing a large body

of water until they took their first trip.

Probably a majority expect to go back to

stay some day, and many a captain sails

through the night dreaming of the day

to come when he can settle down with

his family, and pictures in his mind’s





the steward the heads of their respective

departments and responsible for the effi-

ciency of the men and machinery under

their control.



\Vhen one starts the sailor life he must

start at the very bottom. Pull or friend-

ship will not supply the knowledge that

he must gather for himself. If he de-

sires to work up to captain, he applies

to the second mate for a position, or, in





 





 





 





f _

fl 93th"





 





 





 





 





Officers’ Dining Room on a Modern Freight Boat.





eye the peace and tranquility so different

from his present mode of living. Some of

them own farms and spend their short

winters ashore there.



There are three separate and distinct

departments on the freighters: The nav-

igating, called by sailors the “forward

end;" the engineering department, known

as the “after end,” and the commissary

or cook’s department. As the captain,

besides being responsible for the naviga-





.tion of the boat, is supreme at the for-





ward end, so are the chief engineer and





the vernacular, a “sight” as deck~hand.

if his appearance is satisfactory he is

shipped, after signing articles. Here he

is known by various titles. such as deck-

er, deckeree or, to quote the articles,

“ordinary seaman.” He puts in an ap-

prenticeship the length of which is gov-

erned by his ability to learn and the

space of time before a vacancy occurs.

He handles lines, passes coal, scrubS,

paints, and if the mate is inclined to be

overly industrious he scrubs that paint

off and paints it over again. His hours





are regulated solely by the necessary

work to be done, but usually he gets

about twelve hours a day to himself. By

and by a vacancy occurs and, if he has

made good, he is promoted to watchman

or lookout. At this job he. has charge of

the Scrubbing gang during the day and

is forward as lookout when on night duty.

His hours are six hours on and six hours

off, there being two watchmen on each

boat. \Yhile at this position a chance is

given him to learn to steer, and often-

times, if capable, he may relieve the

wheelsman for a short time.



Some day a vacancy occurs in the next

step up and he is again promoted, this

time to wheelsman. He stands six-hour

watches and steers the boat while run-

ning. \Yhile in port he does splicing or

some of the finer work in painting. and

is allowed to work over the side on stag~.

ing. lie is now rated an able scaman

and is as high as he can get without a.

government license.



l1" he is industrious and ambitious dur-

ing the period of apprenticeship, as it

were, he will procure books and through

other aids in the study of navigation pre-

pare himself for a better position. XVhen

satisfied that he can pass the] examina-

tion he presents himself before the gov-

ermnent inspectors to take it. If he is

duly qualified and passes. his coveted

license is granted him and he is permit-

ted to accept a berth as second mate.

In this position he stands a watch of six

hours on and six hours off during the

time the vessel is running, and is sta-

tioned at the stern and assists in steering

the boat on reaching port.



After one year in this position he is

qualified to take the examination for a

first-class pilot's license which, when

passed, permits him to have charge of a

watch and to be second in command. Af-

ter mOre experience at this he Steps to

that long-looked-t‘or and coveted place on

the bridge—a captaincy. Here he is su-

preme while the vessel is running. Al-

though the responsibility is great and

the work, especially in rough weather, is

wearisome and nerve-wracking, his for-

mer experience should enable him to ac-

quit himself [acceptably and to win the

approbation of employers. Should he

show special executive ability he may

finally be promoted to the position of

shore captain where he oversees all the

boats of the fleet.



So much for the forward end, but if

the young man is mechanically bent he

will prefer the engine-room as the scene





 





 





 





 





 





one of the Modern Steel Freighters which Furnish Employment and a Comfortable Home for Many Ambitious Sailor Lads During Navigation on the Lakes.
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' 642—10 ‘z x 5 - ‘r.





of his labor and the post of chief en-

gineer as the goal to be scught. Here

he starts as coal-passer. After he has

learned to spread and pull a fire, and how

to keep up steam, he applies for a posi-

tion as fireman and, if a vacancy occurs,

he gets the job. Here the hours are

varied. On some boats they are three

hours on and six hours off; on others, six

off and six on. The work likewise var-

ies. Some boats steam hard and the work

is so laborious that every man can not

stand it; others have automatic stokers

and the work is much easier. After ex-

perience in this capacity. the time of

which varies according to his ability or

the vacancy occurring. he is transferred

to the engine-room as oiler. Here is

more responsibility, but the work is eas-

ier, although to a novice the whirling

rods and revolving shafts make it seem

impossible to oil certain bearings. After

he gets his hand in, however, he goes

about the huge engine, oiling here and

feeling a bearing there, as if it was the

easiest thing to do. The oiler must

watch all parts of the machinery and see

that everything is running right. After

three years as oiler or fireman he is per-

mitted to take/the examination for as-

sistant engineer and. if he has studied

well, a license is granted him for some

of the smaller boats. After one year more

this can be enlarged and after another

year a chief’s license can be taken out.

The examinations are very difficult and

almost require a technical education, but

when he attains to the hight of his am-

bitiOn early hardships are forgotten.



V‘Vhile the young man is thus striving

to reach his goal. he is as well, if not

better, paid than if he worked ashore.

He draws from $37.50 per month as deck

hand. up to $200 as captain or chief en-

gineer. This is exclusive of his board,

and the conditions of his living equal

those of a good boarding house. The

menu, rivaling that of a good hotel. of-

ten causes surprise to the uninitiated be—

cause of its variety and quality. The au-

thor has known men to quit a boat be-

cause the size of the oranges they had

for breakfast did not meet their approval.

There are two dining-rooms aboard each

boat, one for the deck hands and firemen

and the other for the rest of the crew,

but the bill of fare is substantially the

same. A room containing running water

is allotted to each two men. and the beds

are kept furnished with clean linen, so

one can readily understand why such a

life attracts the intelligent and the am-

bitious. Only the industrious could stay,

as there is no room for the lazy or in-

dolent. If the reader could take a trip

up the lakes on a freighter he might bet-

ter understand this. Let us take a speci-

men trip, a sample of those taken by

hundreds of sailors every year.



The boat loads hard or soft coal at

some port on Lake Erie. After the load-

ing, which takes perhaps six or eight

hOurs if the coal comes fast enough for

the automatic loader which takes a car

of coal high up into the air, turns the car

upside down and pours its contents into

the hold of the boat. the hatch covers

are put on and battened down. On some

of the newer boats this is done by 'steam,

but on all the older ones this means work

for the deck hands. Soon the clanging

of a gong is heard down in the engine-

room and is immediately answered by

one on the pilot house, showing that the

engineer has heard the signal. The lines

are quickly cast off the deck and the big

steamer slowly leaves As soon as the

harbor is cleared the speed is increased

and the steamer heads in her course up

the lake. During this time the hose is

taken out, the pumps started and the

decks washed down that everything may

be clean and neat. The sailors off watch

turn into their berths and the trip is on.

The next day Detroit river is reached

and, after a couple of hours’ steaming,

Detroit is passed. Here the sailor's heart

is made glad by news from home in the

shape of letters brought to the boat by

the marine carrier, who comes out in a

small row-boat and. after. getting a line

aboard, sends letters and newspapers up

in a bucket to the waiting crew. On up

the river, up Lake Huron for about 24

hours into the St. Mary’s river to the

"Soc.” Here are located the locks and

all hands are called to handle lines go-

ing through, as care must be used that

no accidents happen. Through the 800

up into Whitefish Bay, then out into the

great Lake Superior, the largest body of

fresh water in the world. Land is quick-

ly left behind and is not sighted again

until half way across the lake. where

Keweenaw Point comes into view, only to

quickly vanish astern. Then Duluth is

sighted and soon the vessel makes her





 





way through the ship canal, into the har-

bor and up to the docks. '



Here, as s00n as the boat is tied'up,

the hatches are taken off and immense

clam-shell buckets are lowered into -the

hold, only to quickly reappear tilled With

coal. Here a day or two is required to

unload; the boat is then taken over-to

the orefiocks, where long spouts leading

from huge pockets full of ore are low-

ered and the ore pours swiftly into the

hold. To load 10,000 tpns requires up-

wards of two hours; then the steamer

heads for Lake Erie again. But, coming

down, all is not as quiet as it was go-

ing up. A breeze has sprung up and

grows into a gale, while Lake Superior

rises in its majesty as if it would over-

whelm the ship that dares ride On its

bosom. On board the boat all are busy.

Movable articles are fastened, and every-

thing is made snug and tight. Engineer

and oiler, in the engine-room, redouble

their watchfulness that nothing may go

wrong and imperil the safety of the boat

and the precious souls it carries. For





hours and days the battle goes on. The

captain stays on the bridge, directing the.

course, to assure himself that all will be

well. All things must end, and so, if all

goes well, Whitefish Point is sighted and

the steamer rounds into shelter, to the

relief of the crew. and the old lake has

been cheated again.



ThrOugh the locks again, and down over

the same course, the boat reaches its

destination, where the crew is paid off

for the trip. Owing to the dispatch in

loadingand unloading, the sailors do not

get much chance to spend their wages

unless they quit the ship. Dealers in all

kinds of clothing, tobacco and other ,ar-





ticles come aboard and readily dispose of”)





their stock.



So the sailor goes on through the eight

months of navigation. each trip resemb-

ling the other, yet each holding some new

experience, until the frost,king takes

hold and the ice blocks rivers and har-

bors. Then the sailor goes home to his

family to remain, impatiently, until the

opening of navigation in the spring.





IlllllllllllllllllllllllUllllllllllllllIllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllIllllllllillIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllHilllllllilillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHill"Ullllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





If F avorably Impressed.





By HOWARD DWIGHT SMILEY.





Mr. Eaton, city editor of the Gazette,

slammed up the telephone receiver and

called loudly for his assistant.



“We've got a cracking good story to-

night, Charlie,” he began when the other

arrived at his desk. “I’Ve just had a long

distance call from our circulation man-

ager, Hasenack, who is over at Bronson.

and he tells me that he has just found

out that there is a young financier com-

ing here tomorrow to invest one million

dollars in our town if he is favorably im-

pressed.”



“Phew!” whistled Charlie. “That sounds

like the real thing, doesn’t it? Did Jim-

my give any details?"



"There’s the trouble. He didn't seem

to be able to get very many particulars.

Says that circumstances are such that it

won’t do to interview the man just yet.

but that he knows he will start for here

tomorrow and he will endeavor to get ac-

quainted with him in the meantime. and

’phone me if anything new turns up.”



“Didn’t he even get the man’s name?"



“Yes, it is E, P. Ellis. That is the

name signed to a written statement which

the man made to the effect that he in-

tended investing the million, and which

Jimmy now has in his possession."



“It'll make a peach of a story,” said

Ogle thoughtfully, “but we haven’t much

to work on. Don't know where the man

is from or anything else.”



“Well, we can Dad it out by going over

the best prospects for new business ven-

tures in the city.”



“That‘s right! V‘Ve’d better call up

Dave Lewis; he’ll know better than any-

one else where the good investments are,”

suggested Charlie.



Mr. David D. Lewis was president of

the Business Men’s Association of Com-

stock, and a man who took a lively in-

terest in everything that tended toward

the welfare of the city. The editor, act-

ing on Ogle's suggestion. lost no time in

getting him on the ’phone.



“I’ll be down to your office in fifteen

minutes," came Mr. Lewis’ voice through

the receiver as soon as he had been ap-

prised of the situation.



He was there in ten. It was evident

that he had retired for the night when

the call came, for he arrived at the office

minus collar and tie. with unlaced shoes

and disheveled hair. .



“What’s all this you're telling me?"

he cried as he hurried up to the city edi-

tor’s desk. ”VVhere is this man and when

is he 00ming?"



Mr. Eaton went over the situation again

as thoroughly as he could with the de-

tails at hand, and ventured a guess that

the investor would arrive in the city next

day on the noon train, and would, in all

probability, be accompanied by Hase-

nack.



“Are you going to print this story to-

night?" inquired Mr. Lewis.



“Sure we are! It'll make a peach of

a. scoop!" cried Eaton enthusiastically. .



“But why don't you wait till they get

here, so you will know something defi-

nite?" expOstulated Mr. Lewis.



“We can’t," answered Eaton. “The pa-

per goes to press at. three in the morning

and they don't get here before tomorrow

noon at the earliest. and by that time it

will be cold news."



"But can't you see that you are liable

to make a bull of the whole thing? If





the investor arrives in town and finds

that his coming has been anticipated and

heralded- all over the state he’ll be mighty

likely to get sore right on the start and

quit us cold. Million-dollar investors

don’t come trotting around our burg ev-

ery fifteen minutes, and we can't afford

to lose any.”



“Well, there’s SOmething in that." ad-

mitted Eaton dubiously. “Of course, we

don’t want to do anything that would be

detrimental to the city, but I certainly

hate to lose-that story.”



“You don’t necessarily have to lose it,”

answered Lewis. “VVe’re the only ones

in town that know he’s coming and I

won't tell.” '



"The Telegraph’s an evening paper and

they'll beat us to it," pointed out Ogle.



“Which is the more important to Com-

stock—that we get a million-dollar in-

vestment or the Gazette gets a story?"

inquired the exasperated Mr. Lewis. “I’ll

endeavor to keep this away from the Tel-

egraph people, but whether I do or not,

you've got to lay low and help us land

that capitalist." '



II.



Mr. Lewis, Eaton, Charlie Ogle, to-

gether with several members of the Bus-

iness Men’s Association. were at the de-

pot next day when the noon train pull—

ed in. _



An hour before the arrival of the train

Mr. Eaton had received a telegram from

Hasenack, wired from White Pigeon, a

town abor: half way between Bronson

and Comstock, where it was necessary

for the passengers to change cars, in

which he had briefly stated that he had

made the acquaintance of the gentleman.

whom he was now convinced was travel-

ing incognito, as he had given him the

name of Dan Warner.



The reception committee saw the pair

drop off the smoking car platform and

make their way through the crowd to-

ward the exit. Mr. Eaton was the first

to approach them, and he greeted Hase-

nack with an effusion that was obviously

simulated.



“Mr. Eaton permit me to introduce you

to Mr. Warner.” said Hasenack as soon

as he had returned the editor's greetings.



Mr, Eaton simulated great surprise and

embarrassment. He started violently as

he faced the young financier and apolo-

gized profusely for ignoring him in the

first place, much to the other’s amaze-

ment.



Mr. Lewis, followed by the rest of the

reception committee, approached the trio

and were quickly introduced by Hase-

nack. Mr. Warner seemed to be quite

overcome by the warmth and delight

with which each man greeted him.



“I am quite at a loss to account for

this most unusual cordiality toward a.

stranger who has never visited your city

before, gentlemen," he said. -



“We aim to treat every stranger tha

tarries within our gates in precisely this

manner,” Mr. Lewis assured him. "Be.-

sides that, you were escorted here by one

of our most rising and energetic young

men."



Mr. Hasenack gave the garrulous one

a warning poke in the back, while Mr.

Warner turned a wondering look on

Lewis.



"My acquaintance with your Mr. Hase-

nack camo about through my asking him





.dered as he replied:





 

 





 





/ ' .





. 4, » any _. 1"; “JUNE 7,493.. .





THE NEW. Spoon-row.





 





at” can. H. SPURWAY.





They say the cost of living

Is going awful high,

Because there’s less production,-

Of things we need to buy.

They say We’ll soon have famine;

And something must be done,

To regulate conditions,

Or there will be some fun.

But thereYs no cauSe for trouble,

There's no need for much alarm.

Just educate the farmer,

And_he’ll educate the farm.





Q





Some try to teach the farmer

A way to raise more grain.

By telling of the plant food.

And how to save the rain.

They confident-1y tell him

Exactly how ’tis done,

And then expect the battle

To be entirely won.

Why don’t they grasp conditions;

Why can’t they see the charm

01 educating farmers and

Let them educate the farm?





Some try tofill the farmer

With many “don’ts” and “nots,”



And try to educate him

By hypodermic shots.



‘They can not see thattraining

Comes slowly and with toil,



But fire away, both night and day.

About fertilizing soil.



The farm is leSs .than farmer,

And we can do no harm



If we educate the farmer

And let him educate the farm.





The time is here for action.

The opportunity is ripe



For us to do a lot of good

By putting up a fight



For good schools for the farmer,

Free from political mandates.



For agricultural education,

The kind that educates.



So let us band together

And dispel all the alarm,



Let us educate the farmer,

And he'll educate the farm.





 





for a match to light my cigarette. One‘





would naturally think by all this cordial-

ity that my coming had been anticipated

and that a welcoming committee had

been appointed to greet me.”



Henry Lucas, the “Fruit Belt Drum-

mer." as he was familiarly known to his

friends, somehow felt that they were ov-

erdoing this welcoming stunt and stepped

into the breach in an endeavor to get

matters on a more natural footing.



“Not by any means, sir,’ he assured

Mr. “'arner. “We did not anticipate your

coming, but, to tell the truth, Mr. War-

ner, your name is not altogether unfamil-

iar "to Us. I, for one, recognized it in-

stantly when we were

haVe heard of you frequently and have

read your name in the papers. Believe

me, we are more than delighted to wel-

come so distinguished a guest to our

city.”



The young man appeared to be pleas-

antly surprised by this news. He bowed

modestly as he replied: “Gentlemen, it

is indeed a pleasure to learn that my

fame has preceded me. I was not aware

that I had become so well known to the

American public."



“Men of your genius can hardly hope

to hide their light under a bushel,"

beamed Henry Lucas, feeling that he had

made a happy stroke. “Now. Mr. War-

ner, if you will kindly step into Mr. Lew-

is’ car we will escort yOu to the hotel.

Of course it is understood that you are

to be the guest of the city during your

sojourn here." .



Mr. Warner bewil-

“i am sure I can-

not see why you should entertain me. I

never met any of you gentlemen before

and—” he paused as if struck by a sud-

den thought— “why, come to think of it,

you are treating me exactly as you would

a millionaire who had come here to in-

vest his money," he added with a twinkle

in his eye.



“If such a man should come we would

certainly endeavor to favorably impress

him with the possibilities of our city."

Mr. Lewis assured him.



Mr. Warner seemed about to make fur-

ther protest, then suddenly changed his

mind and said with a quiet smile: “I

will.accept your' hospitality. gentlemen.

and I thank you very much. I am now

ready to accompany you to the hotel.”



‘ III.



As soon as Mr. Warner had been es-

corted to his rooms in the Bur-dick House.

in charge of a bellboy. who had been in-

structed to see that his every want was

looked after, the reception committee re-

tired in a body to a corner of the Bur-

dlck cafe to get more thoroughly organ-





looked absolutely





,ized, as it were.





"Now let's have your story. Hasenack,"

said Mr. Lewis, when they were seated.

“Well, you pee, I was stalled in Bron-

son over night and was sitting alone in

(Continued on page 644).





 





introduced. I





.1’





 





I
.1





 





I





 





 





 





i

1





 





 





 





JUNE 7, 1913.





The Present





/





The Whittier birthplace without a bare-

foot boy is not to be thought of, and a

barefoot boy it has at the present time——

not a \Yhittier lad, however, but a rep-

resentative of the E121 family, three gen-

erations of which, many years ago, Inter-

married with the Whittier family.



The little fellow who, during the pres-

ent time, is filling the honors of this of-

fice is Clayton Monroe Ela, whose grand-

father and grandmother Ela have been





put in charge of the farm by the VVhit-r





tier Home Association, which has the

place in trust. After Mrs. Ela has shown

the many visitors the interesting rooms

and relics of the old farmhouse, Master

Clayton often shows them the outside at-

tractions—the brook, for example, where





THE MICHI





BarefoOt Boy.





. By ALICEMAY DOUGLASS.





no.1‘d rather have them than'anyone else.



They understand the poems better than



any other class and recognize what they



see the more. \Vhen the ninth grade is



studying ‘Snow Bound’ they come here.



1 try to have eVerything for the children



as it was in the poet’s boyhood. I put



nuts on the hearth and I build the fire



as it was built then:



"The oaken 10g, green, huge and thick,



And on its top the stout back stick;



And knotty firestock laid apart,



And filled between with curious art



The ragged brush; then. hovering near,



We watched the first red blaze appear.



Heard the spark crackle, caught the

gleam



On whitewashed wall and sagging beam



Until the old, rude-furnished room



Burst, iiowerlike into rosy bloom,





 





The Present Barefoot Boy.





the genuine barefoot boy waded. and

Job’s Hill, to which the poet thus alludes:

“\\'ith the red lip redder still





Kissed by strawberries on the hill.”



It was upon a rainy afternoon that I

made Clayton’s acquaintance and in the

Ela kitchen of the \Vhittier birthplace—

the little room which serves as both kitch-

en and dining-room for the present occu-

pants of the historic building—that which

was the woodshed 0f the original home.

The genuine kitchen presents its original

appearance and is set apart for the sole

benefit of sight-seers, who pay a dime as

their admission fee into the house.



“\Vhat does Clayton find to do?” I

queried, and his grandma answered: "lie

plants, he rides the horse to cultiVaIe.

he feeds the chickens and brings in the

wood in the wheelbarrow and piles it up

as the \Vhittier boys used to, as it say51

Snow Bound:



“\Ve piled. with care, our nightly stack

01‘ wood against the chimney back.”



“Tell her What you do," said the

sweet-mannered grandmother, whose pres-

ence so well fills the home of the poet’s

gentle mother. “Tell her that you have

ten bantams and three kitties.”



“And I will give you a kitten to take

home,” offered the lad.



“I am afraid I couldn’t take one,” I

answered, “for we have guinea pigs and

the cat might catch these.



“And he goes on the trolleys to Haver-

hill to the Burnham school,” continued

Mrs, Ela, “and where is your knife?”

Then she explained: “One of the visit-

ors gave Clayton a quarter and he went

to town with grandpa‘s team to spend it

for something which he could keep. There

were many beautiful things in the store,

but he chose a jackknife with a chain

that it might not be lost.” This he

showed me with no little pride.



“\Vhat do the visitors have to say to

you?” I asked.



“Lots of them say to me, ‘.-\re you go-

ing to write poems?‘ and I say. ‘1 am

going to be an artist.‘ Then they give

their addresses to grandma and tell her

to send them one of my pictures as soon

as I begin to make them.”



“IYhen parties come here evenings I

have the house lighted with candles,” ex-

plained Mrs. Ela, “and Clayton goes

down the road to meet them with one of

those old-fashioned lanterns.”



“Yes, I have seen one,” I said.



“Formerly no parties came evenings,

for they thought it would be too much

trouble for me to keep the house open

for them, but I told them to come Just

the same, and now they will hold exer-

cises in the kitchen—read Whittier’s po-

ems and so on. .



"Some ask me if I do not dread to

have~ the children come and I tell them





(I’hoto Copyrighted by \\'.





L. Bickum).





While radiant with a mimic flame



Outside the sparkling drift became.



And through the bare—lmughed lilac tree



()ur own warm heart seemed blazing

free.”



And this reminds me that there is

more to see in the Snow Bound kitchen

than in any other kitchen in the country.

Here are the chairs, tables and dishes

used by the \Vhittier family, the warm-

ing pan, the footstool and other articles

of old-time use and, most interesting of

all, the desk upon which the youngr poet

wrote his first poems. “'hile I was ex-

amining them. Mr. lila came into the

room, bringing a little shoesomeone had

recently given him. It had been worn

by \Vhittier when he was a very young

lad and it had been remarkably Well pre-

served. Its parts were put together by





means of little round pegs.

Clayton was making whistles from

branches of willow, which had grown





H.-. u -..





GAN FARMER





than to outlive the days of his childhood

——moreover, ought there not always to

be a barefoot boy upon the Whittier

birthplace?



As I bade farewell to my young friend,

I could but think how well pleased the

gentle poet would be if he knew that his

place upon the old farm was being so

admirably filled.



The Elas were the first settlers of Hav-





n





erill and many years ago, as 'already

stated, the Ela and Whittier families in-





termarried for three generations. Clay-

ton’s father is very proud to think that

he has three little boys to keep up the

Lila name, as well as a dear little girl.





A DISCOVERY.





BY JULIA RAMSEY DAVIS.



Little Ralph was spending the summer

with his grandparents on the farm. He

was from the city, and there were so

many new sights. and sounds, that he

was ltcpt busy asking questions, and his

grandparents, and I‘ncle John, were kept

busy answering them.



The sitting hens fascinated him a. good

deal. He would peep at them every day,

and ask his grandmother if it was almost

time fer them to come off with little





'chickens.





grandmother?” he.

saw them, all end-



“They look like

heads pushed





"Aren't they funny,

said the first time he

died up on the nests.

Jig balls of feathers with

down in the middle.”



But his special pct was a young tur-

key gobbler that delighted in strutting

around the barnyard. Ilis grandmother

said one day: “llalph, that is the turkey





I am going to have for our 'l‘hanksg iving

dinner. Momma, papa, and you will be

with us that GUM"





One evening lialph discovered this tur-

key roosting, balanced on the high ridge-

pole of the wood-house.



“0h. I’ncle .lohn!" he cried, “do come

and make our Thanksgiving turkey come

down. I know he can't hold on all night,

and when he gets to sleep he will let go

and fall off.”



“Why. {alphfi’ said l'ncle .lolm, “he

doesn‘t have to hold on. \Vlien he sits

down, his claws shut up by themselves,

and he couldn’t fall off if the wanted to

until he stands up. Come and peep at

the chickens on their roosting poles, and

you will understand better how it is.”



Ralph went with I‘nclc John to the

henhouse, and saw the longr rows of cud—

dled-up chickens. with their feet curled

tightly around the roosting poles.



“That is a mighty funny way to sleep,”

Said l-lalph, “I'd think they would get

tired, and let go.”



“But they can’t let go,’ explained

l'ncle John again. “Tomorrow I want

you to notice a. chicken or turkey when

he walks and lifts his foot high. llis

claws will close together the same way

they do when he sits on the roost. Didn’t





 





 





 





 





With the Firemen in the Engine-Room of a Lake Freighter.





 





upon the place, and he made two for me

to take home to my little nephews, who,

by the way, having never before seen

such rural trinkets, were more pleased

with them than with the “Teddy Bears”

1 brought back from the same trip, and

the six-year-old gravely asked if Clayton

would always remain a barefoot boy. He

knew that the first barefoot boy had

grown into a man and a poet, but sup-

posed that the present one knew better





you ever notice your mother’s canary on

its perch?”



“Yes,” said Ralph, “but I didp’t worry

about him, for-I knew he wouldn’t get

hurt if he did fall from a low perch like

he sits on.



“My!” exclaimed Ralph, after again

looking at the chickens, “if I could hold

on like a chicken, I would climb a tree.

walk away out on a limb. and roost there

myself, these warm nights.”





. , ., 11—643,

MEMORY IMPROVED





Since LenvIng OII Coflee.





 





 





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31 min! I. boasts.





The beautiful young graduate

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_—__... -





A FUN CLUB FOR COUNTRY'GIRLS.





BY HI LDA RICHMOND.





It is a Reading Circle that aims simply

to amuse the members. There is not

enough pure fun in the lives of country

girls at beSt, and whoever attempts to

foist history and essays and tragedies up-

on the girls who meet once every month

.or two weeks kills 0!! the club in the—

very beginning. Be sure you stick to the

-reading that contains pure fun, and avoid

as you would the plague all trash and

cheap story books. As examples ot\whole'-

some funny storieS. take the “Story of a

Bad Boy." by Aldrich. or “Mrs. VViggs

of the Cabbage Patch," or “Miss Minerva

and William Green Hill."_by Frances

Boyd Calhoun. By taking turns any of

these beaks may be read in two after-

noons. and will furnish amusement for

young and old. They are wholesome.

laughable stories, and dozens of others

equally as good might be mentioned.

“'hlle all the girls are busy with needle-

work or crooheting one reads aloud, but

the work will be often laid down because

laughing will interfere with it. Many of

the poems by Carleton and Riley will set

a group of girls laughing and talking. and

give them pleasant thoughts for weeks to

come. There is no limit to the range of

books that give the best kind of amuse-

ment. One group of girls laughed and

laughed over Vi’anner’s “ My Summer in

a Garden," and they also enjoyed “Tile

llctiectionrs of n Married Man,” by Rob-

ert Grant. though it is popularly supposed

that young girls could get nothing out of

either volume. The truth of the matter

is that they are written so charmingly





IF FAVORABLY IMPRESSED.





(Continued from page 642).

the writing room of the Hotel Farr mak-

ing out my report when this young fol—

low came in and sat down at the same

desk.



“I paid no attention to him until

asked me to shove along a pad of tele—

gram blanks that lay at my elbow. I

did this and he immediately picked up a

pen and wrote on one of the blanks, which

he tore from the pad and folded, smiling

as he (lid so.



“There was something about him that

attracted me and I watched him out of

the tail of my eye. After a moment‘s

thought he laid down the first blank and

wrote again on another. which he folded

and placed in his pocket. Shortly after-

wards he got up and left the room.



"A little later I happened to want some

paper to do some figuring on and looked

about the desk. The only writing mate-

rial there was the telegram pad and asl

reached for this I noticed the folded

blank that Mr. “'arner, or Ellis, which-

ever he is,'had evidently forgotten when

he left .the room. Having a natural news-

paper instinct and curiosity I opened the

blank and read the contents. Here it it."



Jimmy Hasenack took his pocketbook

from his coat and extracted a slip of pa.-

per which he handed to Mr. Lewis. who

immediately opened it and read aloud to

the others: -



I am coming to Comstock to invest one





million dollars if favorably impressed.

E. P. Ellis.





“Is this all the evidence you have?” he

inquired.



"It’s all I could get," answered Hase-

nack. “Seems to me it is enough, how-

ever, when we consider that he prac-

tically admitted his reason fer being

here, at the stat-ion.”



“Humph,” grunted Mr. Lewis. "This

telegram doesn’t prove much of anything.

It is 'neither dated nor addressed, and, be-

sideS, how do we know that he means

our town?”



“There is but one Comstock," answer—

ed Jimmy. “and, besides, didn’t he come

directly here next day?"



“How did you find out he was coming

here?” asked Mr. Eaton.



"Heard him asking the hotel clerk

about the trains the night before; also I

had this telegram."



"Well, there must be something in it."

decided Mr.’ Lewis "It doesn't seem rea-





he





 





sonable that any man should be writing





JUNE»7. 1913.





that no one, old or young, can resist the





humor or them. ' .



“The “300810! Sclmohnaster," u g we

book to begin. on, since few people can

be found who do nOt laugh over Bud and

Miranda. “The Hoosier School Boy," by

the same author, is entertaining but not

so funny. "Rebecca" was read in one

little Circle: anyone who has laughed over

this beautiful story will understand why

the girls called it “delicious.” It was the

first book read by the flVe neighbor girls

together, and it seemed to open a new

door in their lives, allowing them to look

out upon a. vista of enjoyment hitherto

closed to them. The girl who skims over

a book a week can never understand the

joy of slow reading with a. group of

friends, while apples and popcorn and

nuts make the rounds and a little work

is accomplished with needles.



Often short stories gleaned from various

sources are "full of honest fun, and they

should not be passed by. Many of them

will stand reading and re—reading. In my

youthful days “Harper's Young People"

filled our lives with joy and fun. and

many of the stories I laughed and cried

over in those days are as fresh in my

mind as though I had read them yester-

day. Then in turning them over in ma-

tured mind, I can see that each one had

an uplifting tendency, whether funny or

serious, and I am glad that they are

still fresh and capable of bringing the

smiles through all these busy years.



You need have no dues. no constitution.

no officers—nothing but a, desire to read

stories and books that are pure and

wholesome, and that will bring the hearty

1- of girlhood. You will find your

outlook broadened. your lives made sweet—

er and the world a more cheerful place

to live by resolutely sticking to your

one purpose to have good times together

reading sweet humor. And more than all

you will find out how much good a smile

does in the world. There is much danger

that young girls will giggle too much.

but none whatever that their smiles and

low, rippling laughter will annoy anyone.

Make yOur Reading Circle 11 place where

fun reigns supreme, and always be sure

it is the right kind of fun.





1IlllNHlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIllllllllllilllllllllllllllHlllllllllllllIHHIHHHIHHIillllllfillH3l5H!lif!HHHHM!HIll“IllHlllllllllllllililllllllllllllllllllllllIIIll“Ill!IlllllIHHIHHIll“llllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





such telegrams as this if he didn’t have

something definite in mind."



“At any rate,” put in‘ Henry Lucas.

"we can't very well back up now, nor can

we come right out and ask Mr. V‘Varner

to explain things. “'e're up against a.

funny proposition and all we can do is to

sit tight and await developments. It is

very possible that he will come out into

the open of his own accord in a. day or

two, and in the meantime we’ll have to

continue the entertaining stunt as we’ve

started out to do.”



IV.



For the next few days Dan Warner ap-

parently llild the time of his life. He

was wined and dined nightly, made the

guest of honor at theater parties and

balls, invited into the most exclusive cir-

cles and made much of generally. all of

which he entered into with spirit and in-

terest, notwithstanding that he seemed

to be of an exceedingly retiring and mod~

est nature.



And yet, in spite of the fact that he

receivcd almost COnstant attention from

the members of the B. M. A., both indi-

vidually and collectively, and that he

was given daily drives about the city

with two or more members. who took

great pains to point out to him, in an





offhand manner, of course, the most de-'





sirable building sites for factories and

other plants. and while he seemed to

take a lively though silent interest in all

new schemes discussed by members of

tile association. he did not at any time





come forward to offer any suggestions or '





iniimations as to his own ideas and in-

tentions.



This condition of affairs continued for

one week and then one morning Mr. War-

ner informed his friends that on the

morrow he would conclude his visit and

return to his home in New York City.

“'hile' he expressed great appreciation of

the treatment tendered him by the mem-

bers of the B, M. A.. and others, not one





word did he utter about investing one

million dollars or any part of that

amount.





When Mr. Eaton received this news he





rushed immediately to Mr. Lewis' place





of business and held a frantic interview

with that gentleman.



"We've got to do something!” he cried.

"Here we've practically turned this city

upSi'de down in our efforts to convince

this capitalist that Comstock is the real

goods and we haven't been able to get a.

yip out of him! What do you suppOse is





 





 

   





 





o

i
1 1‘ Jun/Iii. an.





the matter with the. man?‘ Leah’t see





hawbemhdpbemgfamflyimprm-





“ed ma- the m warn treated him!”





"It seems as thaw he ought to be.”

answered Mr. Lewis. “We've been forc—

ed to remain silent on the subject. of his

million for fear that he might take of-

fense if he knew we had been next to his

game all along. It looks now as if we

would have to take the bull} by the horns

and so after him bare handed."



”How are you going to do it?”



“Well, we‘ll have to give him a fare-





well dinner tonight and make him show-





his cards. We’ll get the boys together

this morning and fix things up so as to

be ready for him One thing is certain,

Mr. Warner isn’t going to leave this burg

without giving us some notion of what

his intentions are. if I can help it.”



The farewell banquet was a grand suc-

cess—that is. so far as the dinner was

concerned. Every member of the B. M.

A. and the Gazette editorial staff were

present, and each did his utmost to make

the occasion one that would long be re—

membered by the guest of honor.



Mr. Warner appeared to be in unusually

good spirits and entered into the occa‘

sion with a. vim that was exceedingly

gratifying to the others; they felt that i!

he continued in such good humor they

would have little difficulty in carrying

out the plan that had been concocted

among them that day.



After the banquet table had beenclear-

ed and cigars lighted the real business of

the evening began. Mr. Lucas, the “Fruit

Belt Drummer," who had been selected,

because of his verSatility, to open the

game, left the room for a moment and

returned with a suitcase from which he

took several large blue prints and a num—

ber of typewritten specifications, laid

them out on the table before the guest

and proceeded to set forth, in his most

elaborate style, the great possibilitiesztnd

profits of erecting a new paper mill on

the south bank 'of' Portage creek, 1111 in-

vestment that would necessitate an out-

lay of not less than $200,000.



He was followed by Mr, Lewis, who

had in mind a project for a new cement

plant in the vicinity of Lake View, which,

he believed. should be enormously profit-

able to the investor. This cement plant

could be put in operation, he believed,

for not over $150,000,.



One by one ,the ‘different members of





the B. Iii. A. arose and luid before Mr.

\Vnrner schemes to invest his million—

in fact. it would have taken/ten millions





to cover the projects they set forth that

night. They were giving him plenty of

latitude.



And through it all the million—dollar

possibility listened and watched with rapt

attention and examined with interest all

the plans that were submitted for his in-

spection. Not once. however, did be open

his mouth in either Comment or sug-

gestion.



“And now. Mr. “firmer," began Mr.

Lewis, when the last plan and specifica-

tion had been gone over, “we would like

to have you tell us what you think about

all this.”



“I think that you have some excep-

tional opportunities for the investor,” 21.n-

swei'ed 1\£[r. VVau‘ner



“But what we would like to k110w,M1‘.

\‘Varner, is, are you favorably i111p1'1vs.s:ed?”



“Impressed with what?" asked the

young man.



“With our city and the opportunities

for investment that it offers."



“Gentlemen, I can't understand why

you are talking this way to me." Mr.

'Wa'rner expostulated. “As I have said

before, you are treating me exactly as

if I were a millionaire.”



“\‘Vcll, to get right down to brass tacks.

we know you are a millionaire and that

you came here to invest a. million if fav-





orably impressed," put in Henry Lucas

suddenly.

“Who, me!” gasped Mr. \Vm‘ner in un-





disguised amazement.



"Yes, we’ve known all along what your

intentions were and, as we‘ve been do—

ing our best to impress you favorably.

we feel that we‘re entitled to your views

before you leave town.”



“\Vhere on earth did you get the no—

tion that I am a. millionaire?” asked the

very much bewildered young man.



“We don’t like to confess that one of

our number pried into your private af-

fairs,” answered Mr. Lucas, “but such is

the case. Jimmy, will you pimse pro—

duce that telegram?"



Hasenack passed the paper to Mr. War—

ner. who read it with a puzzled elm-res-





' 510:1.





“This is my handwriting all right. and

pertains to a subject that I have had, in





THE,MICHIGAN FARMER





mind for some time. How did you come

into possession of this paper. In. Base-

nae-k?”



“’You wrote that in the writing room

of the Hotel Firr,

It on the desk.” answered Jimmy- “I





discovered it after you lefl- and took the,





liberty to read it, and later apprise my

friends here of your intentions.



A sudden light of understanding burst

upon Mr. VVnrner and he rose to his feet

chuckling.



“Gentle-men,” he announced, “this is

one of the most remarkable coincidences

l have ever encountered. I want to as-'

sure you right on the start that; this de-

ception was entirely unpremeditated on

my part—J hardly know how to explain—

but, gentlemen. i am not a millionaire,

nor even the thousandth part of at mil-

lionaire.”



“What was your idea of writing that

telegram then?” demanded the indignant

MI'. Lewis.



“Please allow me to explain,” pleaded

Mr. Warner. “You see, gentlemen, I am

a. jOurnalist; a magazine short story

writer. I have been knocking around

this section in search of local color and

fresh. plots, and it was while sitting in

the hotel that night that an idea. for a

story popped into my head—the idea of

a man who came to a town like Com-

stoek to invest a million dollars if favor-

ably impreseed.





“I immediately looked about for some-





thing to jot the idea down 011 and as the.





telegram pad was the only stationery 011

the desk I requested M12 Hasenack to

pass it along to me.



“As he did so it struck me that it

would be a good idea to have my mil-

lionaire send a telegram to the town 3.11-

nouncin-g his intention, and I immediately

wrote out this telegrum. which E signed

'E P. Ellis,’ that being the first name

that popped into my head. This I tore

from the Dad and laid to one side while

I jotted down the rest of the plot on an-

other blank. It is evident now that when

I placed this last blank in my pocket I

overlooked the one with the telegram

written thereon, leaving it on the desk,

where Mr. Hasenzrck found it. immedi—

ately jumped at the wrong conclusion and

started this rumpus.



“The one thing about my plot that puz-

zled me more than anything else was

just how would a man be treated who

came to a town to invest a million dol-

lars. I had never been a millionaire and

was entirely ignorant of the sensation.



"However, you have cleared that part

up for me in a most Siltlslectul‘y manner.

i did not have the slightest suspicion of

why you were treating me like :1. king

and, under ordinary circumstances. I

WOuId not have accepted your hospitality

so readily, but I was dumtounded at the

way things were working out and deter-

mined to keep still and see it through and

find out if possible what it was all about.



“I have ‘much to thank you for. my

friends, for I can now write my story

much more accurately than if I had had

to rely wholly on my imagination."



Ten minutes later the members of the

B. M. A. and the editorial staff of the

Gazette were filing sadly out of the ban-

quet room. Not one had a word to say

except Mr. Lewis. who turned to the

writer just before they parted for the

last time.



“\Vhe‘n you get that Story published 1'

wish you would send me a copy of the

magazine. I want to put it





this legend:





to land 'em, either.’ ”





 





SMILE PROVOKE RS.





 





Mr. Sptfggs (gentlyl—“My dear. aBos-

ton man, was shot at by a burglar,

his life was saved by a button which the

bullet struck. "



Mi's Spriggins—“W’ell, what of it?”





Mr. Spriggins—“Nothing. only the but- i





ton must have been on.”



"How many of these sheep got out of

here?"’askea the angry firmer.



“I don’t know,” replied the new" hired

man. rubbing his eyes. “After I had

watched five or six of ’21:). jump over the

fence, I seemed to lose the count. for that

always puts me to sleep.”





 





“Is your Mississipm River very much

larger than our Thames?’ asked an Eng—

lish lady of a western visitor.



“Larger?‘ answered the westemer:

“why, Ma’am. there ain’t enough water

in the whole 01 the Thames to make a

gargle for the mouth of the Mississippi."





at Bronson, and left,





i





in 81 gold"

frame and hang: it on my office wall with ,

“There’s a sucker born ev-{

ery mmute and it doesn‘t take a gutter:





and'





 





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“I.





 





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Rank 6 Trust lids” Savannah

final 1! Mg. Mania





 





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Alfalfa and lm Stuck —"”





Is the combination that has madbmlth!

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140 Acres F“ $36....“ “.3“

in Futile boss 6 31

New York 130 acres cultivateiconvenient buildin a;

easy terms to the right. buyer and it taken imme-

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Co-Operat‘ion When it is Most Needed.





0-OPERATION is a great word

‘ ‘ now-adays. Big business likes to



uSe it in place of that other and

more sinister word, monopoly. Financicrs

insist that they are not striving for ab-

solute control of their own line of goods;

they simply co-operate because co-opera-

tion works out for the best interests of

all parties concerned. and is the best

thing for the dear public.



Farmers are urged to form co-opera-

tive selling associations to secure better

prices, and buyers in the city are urged

to form co-operative buying leagues for

the same purpose. Churches co-operate

to an extent not dreamed of 20 years ago;

charitable organizations co-operate, la-

borers co—operate under the name of la-

bor unions and housewives have begun to

co-operate in their housewives’ league.



Everyone co—operates but the family.

Here, where it is needed most, co-oper-

ation is the unknown quantity and moth—

er or the maid—of—all-work struggles with

a burden which might be simplified by

a little simple (to-operation.



In the majority of homes in America

there is but one pair of hands to do all

the work. The husband must hurry off

to his work in field or shop, the children

are off to school or to play, according to

age, and mother is left alone to bring

order out Of the chaos in which the

majority of homes are plunged in the

early morning hours. As I write these

words. at sl:00 a. m., thousands of women

are wearily trudging about setting the

htuse to rights, putting away a book or

a paper here, bending there to pick up

a garment or a pair of shoes which have

been left just where the owner took them

off. Or she is, pcrchance. clearing away

the breakfast table and wondering what

to prepare for the noonday luncheon,



Suppose co-operation were to be tried

in the household. Mother's labors would

be almost cut in half. If.each adult were

to put away his paper or his book when

he finished with it and each child should

put away his own toys. it would take

each individual about one minute. With

six in the family mother Would be saved

five minutes by that one simple trick.

and no one knows how many steps, while

the individuals who waited on themselves

w<~uld never miss. the time.



Suppose at the end of the meal each

one arose, stacked his own dishes and

carried them to the kitchen. The work

would be play to the family, but it would

save mother five jOtlrneys back and forth

from kitchen to (lining—room. The oldest

clllltl might be delegated to carry all

food to the cellar for one week, the next

to bring everything up for the meal. If

it was distinctly understood that this

was to be the child's work there would

be no friction and the mother immensely

relieved.



Each person could pick up his own

bedroom, if mother insisted. It takes only

two seconds longer to hang up a night-

gown in a closet than it does to step out

of it and leave it on the floor, or at best

pick it up and throw it on the bed. And

the clothes for the day's wear might be

put in place as easily as they are now

thrown about if the family decided to co-

operate. .-\nd how much better for five

persons to bend once, than for one per-

s0n to bend over five times in five min-

utes taking care of someone else’s be-

longings. How much saner for five per-

sons to lose two minutes each a day,

waiting on themselves, than for oneper.

son to lose ten waiting on others.



Co-operation is not tried in the ma-

jority of households because the mother

does not insist upon it. "‘It is too much

bother to teach children,” they say. “I

would rather do it mySelf than have them

around in :the way.” Many women will

not let anyone else clear away the table

because no one can do it to suit them.

lThere islatcertain sacred way of picking

up th‘e'siiw‘ier, a certain spot in which the

plates-must set in the kitchen and an-





other for the cups and saucers which no

one knows but the housekeeper. And if,

by any chance, a dish should get out of

its accustomed place the housekeeper

wouldn‘t get over it f0r a week. It al-

ways seems queer to me that so many

women can’t see how silly it is to prefer

precision to a rested back.



Isn’t it better to have Johnny carry

out the dishes and pile them all in a.

heap, helter-skelter, and think he is help-

ing mother, than to do everything your-

self and let him grow’up with the idea

that he has no part in the work of the

household. Besides, you might sit out

by the table in a nice, comfortable rock-

er and ttll him just what to do a few





times, until he had learned the beauty of "





neatness.



“'e have a rule in our household that

the boy who hasn’t time to hang up his

clothes before he goes out to play, must

come in and take care of them and then

sit for 20 minutes. It doesn't take avel‘y

bright child to see that it is better to

take three minutes in the beginning than

to lose 23 minutes later. The rule hasn’t

always been enforced. It grew out of

hearing a friend tell how her 30-year-old

brother litters the house and leaves ev-

erything for the, sisters to pick up.



“\Vher'ever he eats an apple he leaves

the core, on the table or a chair, if there

is one, on the floor if there is no better





place. We pick up banana. skins from

one end of the house to the other.

Matches and cigar ashes go onto the

floor whenever he happens to want to

smoke, he would never bother to look

for a tray,” says this sister. “He isn‘t





intentionally mean and untidy. lie was

the baby and mother and the whole fam-

ily waited on him hand and foot. You

would think that now he might see how

sclfiSh his carelessness is, but he‘doesn’t.

And so some woman must keep on pick-

ing up after him to the end of the

chapter.”



[It was after hearing this that co-opera-

tion began to be the rule in our family.

If it were the rule in every household the





tired-out mothers would find a chance

for rest and readng each day that now

they never get.



DEBORAH.





 





BY MAE Y. MAHAF‘FY.





DAINTY PIN CUSHION TOP.

MAJORITY. of needleworkers are

familiar with shadow work, but





1 k combining it with ordinary hem-





stitching is out of the ordinary, and, as

in the case of the pincushion shown re-





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suits very satisfactorily. The cover

measures 11x4 inches, with an additional

inch allowed all around the fringe. A

row of hemstitching is placed around the

cover, so that the threads may be drawn

up to this point for the fringe, thus giv-

ing the essential finish.



One inch in from the fringe at either

side, other rows of hemstitching are plac-

ed lengthwise of the cover. Through the

center, and midway toward either end

two, rows of hemstitching, an inch apart,





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cross these long ones, dividing the cover

into squares and oblongs. In the six

small squares thus formed double crosses

are worked in outline stitch, while in the

four larger squares eightpetalled daiSY-

like figures are wrought in the shadow

stitch, with small solidly embroidered

disks in the centers. The shadow work

is made by herringboneing lengthwise of

each petal on the wrong side, the stitches

taken through to the right side being

kept on the stamped outline. If one pre—

fers an underlay of linen may be applied

in lieu of this shadow work, the edges

being buttonholed or overcast.



Made of sheer materials this cover is

charmihg over a colored background, such

as yellow, blue or pink, there being just

enough open work to bring out the design

effectively.





 





BEAUTY AND UTILITY.





 





BY CHARLOTTE BIRD.

Across our big back yard an automo-

bile drive is being built to the stable.





Now in itself an automobile driveway is

not a thing of beauty and spiritual uplift.

J.ut I mean to see whether it cannot be

so treated that it will not look ugly and

sordid.



This back yard last year was plowed

and roughly cultivated as a big general

garden. But. now with this driveway

cutting it in two and making the rather

difficult plowing still more difficult, it

seems likely enough to lie fallow and run

to a. rank growth of weeds. But that is

where I come in. In this back yard I

intend to see that something else than

weeds has a chance to grow.



In the planting of this back yard I ex-





pect to make this driveway the starting

point. As soon as it is finished, with

stakes and strings I shall fence off a





wide strip on each side to warn trespass-





ers that something has been planted

there. Then, close. up to the driveway on

each side I shall sow a row of carrots.





The. carrot leaf is graceful and it grows

in such a way as to make it an ideal bor-

der plant. And why should not a border

plant have some practical utility as well

as its beauty? Parsley is another lovely





border plant which serves this double

DUI‘DOSe. ,

About 18 inches outside the carrot





rows I shall plant on each side a single

row of corn and nasturtiums, aboutthree

grains of corn and two of naSturtiums to

a hill. The corn must remain in single

rows, otherwise the shade 0f two or more





rows would hinder the thriving of the

nasturtiums. They tell us that nastur-

tiums will grow and produce an abund-





in the poorest

is not true. A





ance of beautiful flowers

soil, which, by the way,





» ...-.~...,.,,..,.,..;





medium soil is best for nasturtiums. But,

like the corn, nasturtiums must have the

full sunshine.



On the outside of the south row I am

inclined to think that I shall plant a row

of African daisies. The color of the flow-

ers would make a pretty background for

the cucumber and squash vines which will

probably form the foreground which faces

the street. Thus this part of the kitchen

garden may be as beautiful as any flower

bed.





Now these crops will enable me to sat-

isfy my love of'beauty and in the proper

season will replenish the menu of my din-

ner table. The carrots will look pretty

out of doors, they will supply me with an

abundance of material for garnishing the

dishes on the table and they will enrich

the soup’or furnish a vegetable dish.



The foliage of a growing stalk of corn

is very handsome; our familiarity with it

alone hinders us from always recognizing

the fact. And when blooming nasturtiums

are running all over it, it is indeed a.

charming sight. And the brilliant flow-

ers in no way injure the quality of the

roasting ears which will grow just the

same. But ground enough must be al-

lowed for them to grow to perfection.

Then the nasturtium also has its prac-

tical uses. The leaves make very good

fillings for sandwiches. The seeds make

a delicious flavoring for cucumber pickles.

And they are used also in some sOups by

the epicures who cannot get the more ac-

ceptable capers.



The test of the garden will be planted

in the regular way with the usual things.

But the treatment of the prominent drive-

way will give the whole distinction.





 





 





SOME PORTIERES THAT MAY BE

MADE AT HOME.





 





RY IRMA I3. MATTHEWS.



Everyone who comes from the east to

California seems to admire the portieres

that are made from the buds of the

eucalyptus tree and the live oak acorns.

The former could not be obtained in the

eaSt so there is no use in describing them

but it is of the latter that I wish to

speak. Of course, you have no live oak

acorns in the east either, but there are

other kinds and there is ‘no reason why

they would not make as attractive por-

tieres as the others.



Gather the acorns when they fall and

boil them well. The boiling is to kill the

insects that may be inside the acorn and

spoil the finished Work if this is not

done.



To string the acorns I use a good-sized

darning needle and a stout carpet thread.

You will also want some colored beads,

these are, sold here by the pound and

cost from 75 cents to $1.00 a pound.



Now you are ready for work. String an

acorn then a bead and an acorn until you

have four acorns on the string, then

string three beads between the fourth and

fifth acorn. Twelve acorns makes a good

length for the grill and the three beads

should be after every fourth acorn. ex-

cepting at the end of the strings Cut the

thread, leaving enough to tie well, and

begin at the top again. String two

acorns then the three beads, then two

more and pass thread through the center

bead of the first three beads on the first

row, then two more acorns and three

beads and two more and thread through

middle bead again. Do this until you

reach the bottom where the threads

should be tied together and left to tie, the

long strings to. At the top the two

threads are tied to a curtain ring to slip

over the pole.



The next row string two

catch into middle bead, then two with

three beads between and two more and

catch into middle bead. and so on to the

end. Continue this until you have from

24 to 28 rings on according to the size of





acorns and





the doorway where you wish to hang

them. You will find the top part to be

composed of squares, two acorns each‘

way.





Then strings may be strung, an acorn

and a bead alternating, and tied on.

These may be simply graduated, or may

be, as many are. five strings on a side

the same length, then five quite a bit

shorter with just short string of two or

three acorns each in the center.



Any color bead may be used but those

that I haVe seen that were the most

beautiful. were made with amber heads,

the long cut variety for all excepting the

center bead that the string goes through

in the squares, and this was a round

one. Of courSe, any color or combina-
u- ‘1'





pooh of colors that‘anyme fancies is all

' right. - ‘





These are certainiywell worth the time

and trouble for they are very pretty and

sell in the We Stores here for from $25

to $35 a set. '





_______._'_————-—-—-—-

THE KITOHE N SPATULA.





 





Br GHABWTB man.



In later times one article of kitchen

work has been developed which, at least

under its present name, was unknown to

our mothers, and that is the kitchen spa-

tula. Yet, in the finely tempered, old—

fashioned steel table knife an excellent

substitute was known. But silver-plated

table cutlery having come in, the steel

cutlery went its way. After all the old

knives were worn out, their substitute as

aworking utensil was bound to come into

use. This the teachers of domestic science

have hailed and introduced to the rest

of the world under the name of a.

spatula.



The spatula is a‘ thin, rather broad,





- very flexible steel blade like that of a





knife, but without any cutting edge. It

has had various sorts of handles, but

one with an open handle every speck of

whose surface can be reached with soap

and water, will prove the more sanitary.

This kind of handle will also permit of

the spatula’s being hung on a nail with

the cooking spoons.



The spatula is used to scrape out the

last mite of dough from the bread pan

or the batter from the cake bawl, that

it may be saved with the other good ma-

terial. For cooking vessels it performs

the same useful service. It is used also

to scrape the sugar, butter, or egg from

a cup after the respective measurements

have been made for a cake. For several

purposes this last is desirable. First, it

saves valuable food material which. in

the course of time would amount to a

great deal. Then it saves the proper pro-

portions of the cake ingredients which

has an appreciable effect on the outcome

of the cake; last, it keeps the dish water

clean, which is indispensable to clean,

shiny dishes. In another way the spa-

tula saves the dish water, because it is

the finest thing in the world with which

to scrape the table plates after a meal.

It searches out every corner of a plate or

pan.



The spatula contributes in other ways

to sanitary cooking: one can use it most

acceptably in mixing pie crust or biscuit

dough. With it one chops the shortening

through the salted flour, which should

have also a. little baking powder mixed

in, until the materials are well blended.

Then very cold water is poured in gradu-

ally and with the spatula brought into

contact with all the flour mixture. How-

ever careful one may be to wash the

hands thoroughly beforehand, this method

is certainly cleaner than to mix the short-

ening and flour directly with the hands.



An ingenious housekeeper will Very

likely develop other uses for the spatula.

But even with the uses above, the kitch-





Ven spatula has an important place in ev-





ery well-ordered, up-to—date kitchen. And

its present reasonable price brings it

within the reach of all.





 





 





THE DAIRY LUNCH.





 





BY BESSIE L. PUTNAM.



The dairy lunch has come to be a. reg,-

ular feature in the best city restaurants,

and is growing in favor every season.

The country girl who lives on a public

road frequented by automobiles may gain

a generous patronage from residents of

near-by towns who prefer this form of

refreshment to the conventional picnic

lunch, besides making glad the long dis-

tance tourists who come‘her way.



A neat blackboard will serVe as bulle-

tin board, if the publicity of the local

paper is not desired. Small tables under

a great tree or on the shaded porch will

be preferred to regular dining-room ser-

vice, and a bouquet of wild flowers as a

centerpiece should not be omitted. Bread

and butter sandwiches, sweet milk, but-

termilk, and berries served with cream

will always be relished if daintily served.

With telephone connection, cake and ice

cream may be added to the menu by

Special arrangement.



Remember that certainty as to the high

quality of your products should be your

greatest asset. “Bad luck’ with a single

baking of bread may mean bad luck to

your business for the rest of the season.

“The same yesterday, today, and for-

ever,” is the motto which gets and holds

patronage. As‘yonr reputation becomes

established, parties will make it a point

of happening along at lunch time: and

even though some of them may not come





downright ugly and cross





' ""TH‘E"MICHI"GAN FA'EME‘R“





twice in a Season, their assurance of

30041 values will induce their friends to

hunt you out.





 





HOME QUERIES.





 





Household Editor:-—Please publish in

the Michigan Farmer. the following ques-

tion, with the answer, and oblige: What

is a. good way to can asparagus?—-J. H.



Pack fruit jars as full as possible with

tender young asparagus broken in inch

pieces. Fill to overflowing with cold

water, put on the rubbers-and lay the

tops on the jar. Then set in your wash

boiler on a bed of hay or straw and pour

cold water into the boiler until it comes

halfway up around the cans. Cover the

boiler closely and boil steadily for one

and a. half heurs. Then see that each

jar is filled to overfl0wing, using one jar

to fill the rest; tighten the covers as

much as possible and set to cool where

no draft. will strike the cans. VV'hen cold,

tighten the tops again and keep in a.

cool dark place.



Mrs. D. L. McM.——V\’e can not give the

names of manufacturers in this column.

If you will send a self-addressed and

stamped envelope, repeating your query.

we will endeavor to give you the desired

information.



Household 'Editorz—How do you pre-

serve pineapple?—‘{. Y. Z.



Cut the pineapple in slices, remove the

covering and the cores and arrange in

layers in a preserving kettle, using pound

for pound of sugar. Of course, sprinkle

each layer of fruit thickly with sugar.

Let stand over night and in the morning

simmer gently until the fruit is tender.

Arrange the fruit carefully in the hot.

sterilized jars, boil the syrup five minutes

longer, fill the jars to overflowing and

seal





Household Editor:—Can you uSe cocoa

in place of chocolate in frosting?—M. M.





Yes, but the frosting Will not be quite

so rich. Use a quarter cup of cocoa. in-

stead of two squares of chocolate.





LETTE R BOX.





 





This One Believes in ln-born Sin.



Household Editor:—In the Michigan

Farmer of March 22 a mother asks the

question, “Do you think a -hild is ever

xithout some





reason? I mean, is it just is nature to

be cross?" In your reply you say: “I

do not think a, perfectly well, normal





child is cross,” etc, and give a lot of

remedies to try, which I suppose are all

tried before this time, with no success.





Now, I say some children are naturally

born mean, and mean to the extreme.

And it is just as natural for them to be

mean as it is for them to breathe or eat.



The best way I know to improve the

natural disposition of such a child is to

teach it in infancy that it is a subject

and not a tyrant.



In order to do this and always to keep

control of the child, it is necessary to

apply mild, but rigid rules and never fail

to enforce them. Never tell a child to

do or not do anything and not require

prompt obedience, with once telling.



Of course, we have to endure the

meanness of the young infant until it is

old enough to know who is “boss.” and

it will learn that at a very young age.

Then it is time to apply the “positive.”



If a child persists in crying spells,

without cause, as many of them do, it

may be turned face downward across the

attendant’s lap and held there quietly

until the crying stops. Then immediately

let it up. When the next “spell" comes

on repeat the Operation and it will not

take long until the remedy will be in-

stantaneous. In each case tell the 0f—

fender to stop crying. and in a short time

the words will 'be sufficient without the

“turn down."



As children become older they may be

taught obedience by always requiring

obedience on. all occasions. \Vhen it be—

comes necessary to apply a punishment

to compel obedience it can often be done

by letting the child wait at meal time

till the rest of the family have dined. Or

some other equally harmless punishment

may be applied. In case a child has

been allowed to go a lcmg time ungov-

erned it may be necessary in some cases

to apply a painful punishment that it

would not risk having repeated. Much

more could be written on this subject. but

this is sufficient for the present—S. K. M.



In Answer to Maria B. Topping.



What in the world do you take us

farmers' Wives for? You talk to us as if

we were the scurf of the earth. “Com‘b

our hair and wash our faces.” as if the

farmer’s wife was the only one on earth

that ever washed her face or ever needed

it. I will wager Miss, or Mrs, Topping,





 

 

 





whichever you are. that you never lived l

on a farm or know anything about farm.

work. I have been a farmer’s wife for

20 years and as far as combing my hair

and washing my face is concerned. it

gets it 365 days in the year and in the

morning, too. ‘



As for better looking farmers’ wives, I

think, as a rule, when they get their tags

on they can come up to the town people

any day. if not to the city ones, who de—

pend on nothing but their day's wages

and spend every cent. they make as

they go. , ’



I dOn’t know what you mean by trim-

mer ones, but I suppose you mean the

little ones. Now there is where I say

the farmenmakes his mistake. I have

watched the process for 20 years and I

notice that the farmers with this kind

of wife either move to town in a few

years or have to hire half of their work

done out of the house. Now when you

compare farmers’ wives with blooded

stool: or thoroughbred chickens, I say

why doesn’t a farmer choose a farm wife

the way he chooses his farm horses? Get

one suitable for the work? What would

you think of a man if he hitched his lit-

tle light driving team to the plow and

expected them to be put through thick

and thin?



You say we farmers’ wives “grub.”

Now I have always lived on a farm and

have lived in three different states and

have lived among all kinds of farmers.

but I fail to find any who seemed to

think farm life was “grub,” or very few

who would change the farm life for city

or town. Don‘t talk “grub" to the farm-

er's wife of today. She is far above such

talk and it is the city sister who has to

squeeze and pinch the pennies, not the

farmer‘s wife—~11 M.





 





FASHIONS BY MAY MANTON.





 





Our large Fashion Book—containing 32

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The above patterns will be mailed to

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Mrs. Dairyfarm—“I declare, I

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easy way I can wash all these

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But Fels—Naptha. Soap just

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Anty Drudge—“I told you so!

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F els-Naptha S o a p

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works best in cool or,

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Just follow the directions an M8

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Fl"

j‘ll





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pm





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m , over: will In soil or





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\M elective.

. Sold by Dealer- or

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manna-man. WIT.





A Letter to Wm. Lambert,





 





 





reference book upon a wide range of ag-



rlcultural topics. Published by the Mac-



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e .





mmmue,u,





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.T H" E MICEH EGAN . fires Ram- E a





 





JUNE. 7, 1918-





 





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ElIlllllllllllIllllll|lllllllllll[HillIlllllllllll||IllllIlllllllllll|||Illllll|||lllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHllllII1llillllllllllllllllllllIllllllIIlllIlllIIIIIIllllllIllIlllIlllI|||llllIllllllIllllIllIllllllllllIlllIllllllllllllllllllllllfl,

F arm ommerce.

Ell“|llllIIll|lllll|IIllllllllIlllllllllllllllllIIIlllllllllllllllllIllllllilllillllllllllllllllllllIII||IIlll|IlllllllillllIllllllllllllllllll|ll||lllllllll|Illll|llIlllll||lllllllllll|llll|lllll|IllllllIlll||||Ill|||||IllII|Ill|Illlllllllllllllllflllllllélfi—





Marketing Problems in Western N. Y.





Note—We believe a farm journal does

its readers and the public the greatest

good when it brings uncolored facts and

theories the result of broad observation

and carefully studied experience, to them,

and that is the very aim sought by the

publishers of the Michigan Farmer. Even

though it may not be the most popular

thing to do for the moment we are confident

that such a course will win out in the

long run. We asked Mr. Kelly to make

a study of the New York storage situa-

tion and report his conclusions to us.

This he did in the following article. The

report is not written because of its liter-

ary merit but to bring a note of warning

to those Who would enter blindly into

comprehensive schemes of marketing, and

in thisconnection Mr. Kelly’s letter of

‘atransmittal will be of such interest to

our readers that we are compelled to





publish it in connection with his report.

—Eds.



Mr. Kelly’s Letter.

My Dear Mr. Wermuth:





\Vhen I started out to look up the ma-

terial you, asked me for I thought that

I could find just what you wanted, but

unfortunately the two places I had in

mind are in financ‘al troubles just now

and there is nothin very pleasing to say,

however, I have written up what.y0u

will find a fair statement of the Situa—

tion. It is rather disappointing to find

things in such a condition, so soon after

the representative of the Country Gentle-

man had pictured them So flatteringly.

There are several storage houses that are

owned by farmers, but they are not in

any sense co—operative plants, simply

stock companies and store fruit for any-

one at the same price, which varies from

35 to 40 cents per barrel for apples and

other produce proportionately. .In fact,

most of the grOWers seem to think there

is ample storage facilities and that the

charges are moderate.



I am sorry not to have been able to

find just what you want. but know that you

will appreciate this more than any over-

drawn statements about imaginary plants.

I am beginning to believe that some of

the farm papers prefer fiction to truth,

for I have visited several farms and as-

sociations and found that they had been

greatly exaggerated by writers 'who eVi-

dently knew little about the things they

were sent to investigate or wanted to

make good with a rush and please their

firms. If I am correctly informed, Maine

is one of the few places where fruit is

stored and handled co-operatively. Trust-

ing that this may prove of interest to

you, I am,



Very truly yours.

W. MILTON KELLY.



T seems unfortunate that at a. time

I when the air is filled with talk of co-



operation we should have our enthu-

siasm chilled by reports of dishonesty and

douliile-dealing on the part of managers

of these co-opei‘ative undertakings. but

in View of recent experiences in this sec-

tion of the country, a little discussion of

this phase of the problem may prove of

interest to many farmers who are con-

templating co-operative movements.



At the request of the editors of the

Michigan Farmer the writer spent some

time studying the workings of these or-

ganizations in western New York. One

of these co-operative buying and selling

exchanges has received a great deal of

'editorial attention from the agricultural

press. together with flattering accounts

written by correspondents who have vis-

ited the manager and written up attrac-

tive articles to encourage the game of

co-operation among farmers and fruit

growers. Some of these articles have

made highly interesting reading matter

and have undoubtedly encouraged many

farmers to get together and organize

similar exchanges. However, this 'ex-

change seems to be another example of

the too common failure of the co-op-

eratiVe induStry. It furnishes a good ex-

ample of the necessity of great care in

the selection of competent and honest

maha&rs for such undertakings.





Beware of Tying up to Outside Interests.



In the first place, farmers should go

slow about taking up with movements

initiated by outside schemers who have

an axe to grind. The very fact that such

papers as the Michigan Farmer are

seeking to encourage co-operation among

farmers is sure to cause outside interests

to insinuate themSelves into movements

initiated by farmers themselves for their

mutual benefit. In every case where

some slick organizer starts out to organ-

ize a co-operative scheme among the

farmers of some particular locality we

can make up our minds that he has some

interest in the business that is opposed

tolthe welfare of the members of the

organization. Such men have qualities

that fit them for leadership, but as soon





as they find their way into the manager-

ship of farmers’ organizations they lead

the movement to ruin. These facts de-

mand farmers’ attention, because at this

particular time many crooks are finding

it unusually 'easy to ply their trade

among those who are on the eve of

adopting extensive systems of farm co-

operative organizations. We must learn

to recognize these schemers when they

appear, and to make examples of them

when they are discovered. \Ve should

welcome honest effort on the part of

farmers whose end is not to gain control

and lure the members from their purpose

or cheat them of the possible benefits

now within their reach through properly

managed co—operative organizations.

Examples of lnefficlency.



To show how this exchange of which I

write Worked, I am going to show an ac-

cOunt sales rendered to 3. Monroe county

grower of choice Elberta peaches. This

grower shipped 1,420 baskets of No. .1 E1-

berta peaches and received $276.19 net.

At the time these peaches were shipped,

dealers were paying 35 to 40 cents per





 





basket at the car door. Another item,

given more in detail, is as follows:

148 crates apples sold at $1 $148.00

Charges at New York......$3 .

Packing charges at 200 ..... 29.60

CartOns and crates at 30c.. 44.40

Three per cent loading ..... 3.33

Five per cent c0mmission.. 5.54

$120.01

Net proceeds ........ $27.99





The crates mentioned above contained

two bushels each packed in cartons. The

296 bushels of apples in this shipment

had been sorted out of 160 barrels as

delivered by the grower. The selected

fruit, therefore, brought the grower less

than ten cents per bushel. Those are

facts, not colored to make interesting

reading matter to influence our readers

to plunge blindly into co-operative

schemes before giving the matter careful

study and attention.



Cold Storageset Shipping Points.



At various shipping stations through-

out the western New York fruit belt

large cold storage plants afford ample

facilities for handling the fruit crops.

These plants are owned largely by indi—

viduals and stock companies, a large part

of the stock being in the hands of grow—

ers and farmers. A careful canvass of

the territory showed that there are no

ieally co-operative cold storage plants,

the consensus of opinion held by promi-

nent fruit growers and truck farmers is

that the present facilities are adequate,

and that the reasonable charges of the

owners are as cheap as could be provided

by co-operative organizations. (These

plants would be willing to furnish ample

storage room to co-operative organiza-

tions at as reasonable charges as they

could build and maintain their own

plants). A few of the larger growers

have. combined and erected fruit storage

houses f0r sorting, packing and grading

their own fruit and truck crops, but such

storage houses Without artificial refriger-

ation have not prOVed as satisfactory as

is the case in Maine and Vermont where

the climate is not so changeable.



At Lockport, N. Y., the writer inter-

viewed Mr. C. \V. Hoag, who has a. large

storage plant and several fruit farms.

Mr. Hoag, said: “I am a. believer in co-

operation and better methods of picking,

packing and marketing our produce, but

under the present economic conditions

this question can not be worked out suc-

cessfully by large co-operative organiza-

tions. \Vhy, this year we could not get

suffiCient help to gather our big crops of

fruit, to say nothing of picking, packing

and grading it as it should be to com-

mand fancy prices. Some of those fel-

lows who are suggesting ways for us to

secure better prices for our fruit do not

realize the tremendous amount of fruit

we are growing. “'e have several small

fruit stations that load as many cars of

fruit as some of the western states we

hear so much about through the maga-

zines and farm papers. I know it seems

queer to some of you gentlemen who live

outside of the fruit belt to hear our side

of the case. but it is a fact that 25 per

cent of our peach and apple crops were

left on the ground the past season. We

just c0uldn’t [get fiie help at any.price.





Again, so many of the large orchards are

worked by hired help and tenants that

it is practically impossible to start any

successful movement towardbetter sys-

tems of picking, grading and marketing

the crops; the main object of every grow-

er being to sell his fruit on the trees in

the fall, so that the problem of market-

ing, insofar as the grower'himself is con-

cerned, is one of getting .the most money

out of the buyers and shifting the re-

sponsibility of picking, grading and mar-

keting upon his shoulders. I have-pa-

trons who put'their fruit in my storage

plant in the fall and have my men do the

grading and packing during the winter.

Of course, this means a big loss and ex-

pense and they pay quite a sum for stor-

ing apples that are unfit for market;

however, they prefer to hire my men

rather than bother with the work them-

selves. Now, Mr. Kelly, you have asked

my views of the situation as regards

packing and marketing the apple crop in

this locality. In the first place, the gen-

erality of agricultural correspondents and

editors seem to harbor a belief that New

York and Michigan apple growers and

shippers are not as good business men as

those of Oregon and Washington. Now,

in my business I am associated with sev-

eral gentlemen who have large interests

in Oregon and Washington orchards, and

also in this state and in Michigan. These

men know the game from A. to Z; they

are not advising New York and Michigan

fruit growers to practice the methods in

vogue in Oregon and \Vashington. In

the first place the older and larger trees

in the orchards of New York and Mich-

igan prohibit the thinning of the fruit,

and also prevent it coloring as deep as

is the case in the younger orchards of

Oregon and “'ashington. Then we have

right at our very doors an immense trade

that demands cheaper apples for cooking

and canning purposes. and if we sort out

every really choice apple it reduces the

value of the barrel so much that the bal-

ance must be sold at a great sacrifice.

Of late years the box as a package for

apples has come into prominence, and

one hears of very high prices being ob-

tained for apples so marketed. It is only

natural, then, that many growers have

looked with favor upon it and have adopt-

ed it without‘knowing of its disadvan-

tages as well as its advantages. The

average orchard owner is constantly per-

plexed by this problem of which is the

better package to use, and. therefore, be-

fore giving my opinion of this subject of

marketing apples it will be well to ex—

plain my views of the matter from var-

ious commercial and economic stand-

points.





Boxes vs. Barrels for Packing.





“For many growers it would be asheer

waste of money to use the box package,

and for others to pack their choice, high-

ly colored fruit from their young trees

in barrels would be to neglect the golden

opportunities presented by the use of the

box. In general, the main distinctions

between the box and barrel are that the

barrel is the cheaper package and is

meant for apples that go to the general

trade. while the box costs more and is

the package for the fancy trade. The

use of the box for inferior and unattrac-

tively colored apples is not economical,

just the same as the use of the barrel

for the finest quality of dessert fruit. In

brief, there is no best package. Circum-

Stances and conditions must necessarily

govern the selection of the package.



“I have had a great many years' ex-

perience handling New York apples, be-

sides I now have more than 15,000 boxes

of \Vashington apples in my storehouse.

I have tried packing in boxes, but it

takes so much value off from my barrel

stook that I find it unprofitable. Some

of our orchardists who have young trees

and practice intelligent methods of cul-

tivation and spraying are growing and

packing just as attractive fruit as the

weStern growers and find no difficulty in

securing as good prices, but this is an

individual problem and any man who will

take the pains to put up his fruit in fine

condition need not seek a co-operative

organization to find good customers for

all he can produce and market. What

we need is some fixed standard of pack-

ing and grading that will keep the rot-

ten, cull stuff off from the market. So

long as growers can not see that their.

best interests lie in the endeavor to pro-

duce a better grade of fruit no co-oper-

ative organization‘ on earth can help

them out of their present troubles.’f

Transportation will Limlt Western Fruit



Growing.



At the hotel at Rochester, N. Y., the

writer interviewed a traveling freight

agent of a large Western system. This





agent gave out a véryinteresting inter-

view before he knew that the writer was

drawing him out fOr publication.'He said:





“‘The development of the fruit growing





industry in Oregon and Washington was

sure to depend largely.upon the ability

of the railroads to cope with the situa-

tiOn, and that it was his judgment that:

within the- next few years the roads

would not be able to supply cars and

equipment to move one-half of the fruit

produced in that part of the country at

the proper season. The railroads simply

cannot afford to go to the necessary ex-

pense for new equipment to move the

fruit crops from that section at the

proper season and have the equipment

stand idle during the balance of the year.

This may not sound reasonable to many

people who are unacquainted with the

transportation facilities of that country,

but it is, nevertheless, a factor that we

shall be compelled to reckon with Within

the next five or ten years. "This addi-

tional business é‘oming at a time of the

year when other business is taxing our

equipment is sure to result disastrouly

to the fruit growing interets of that sec-

tion. You can.easily imagine what the

result will be when some of those gigan-

tic enterprises come into production with-

in the next few years. I have had an

opportunity to study these transportation

facilities in the northwest country and

look upon this problem as one of the

greatest agricultural and transportation

problems of the day. I know of several

eastern capitalists who have become

shaky and are cutting up their large or-

chards into smaller farms and selling out.

This is not becauSe they lack confidence

in the fruit growing industry in the

northwest, but because they realize the

great break that is sure to come as soon

as the railroads are unable to cope with

the situation.”





New York. W. MILTON KELLY.





THE 1913 APPLE CROP.





 





There seems to be the very best of

reasons for the careful handling of the

apple trees that the remaining fruit be

properly developed into a salable product.

.The fact that a big crop was grown a.

year ago augurs for a smaller crop this

season~the buds not having a good

chance to grow in many apple sections

because of the strain of the heavy crop

on the vitality of the trees. This, from

the reports coming in, appears to be the

situation in the northwestern states

where there is early evidence of a short

crop—many sections believing that it will

be less than 50 per cent of last season’s

yield. In the central and eastern states

the early varieties were damaged by

frost over a large area and in some sec-

tions the cold nights did damage to the

later kinds. In other places, there is

complaint that the trees are wanting

moisture, a condition that will handicap

the growing of a big crop. Then some

help should come to the trade from the

cutting short of the early shipments of

small fruits from the south and the

shortage of citrus fruits from Florida and

California where untimely frosts reduced

the quantity of salable goods. In all,

conditions would lead one to believe: that

apples ought to be a good price this fall

and that those who have any chance for

fruit should do what they can to make

the apples good.





 





COM'MISSION ADVISES. PUBLIC MAR-

KET FOR MT. CLEMENS.





 





The commiSSion selected by the council

of Mt. Clemens to investiagte.the propo-

sition of establishing a city market where

farmers can come and offer their pro-

duce for sale direct to the consumers, re-

ports as follows:



Would the public buy goods any cheap-

er on a market?



We could not answer this question in

all caSes. It must be understood that

conditions, scarcity, time of year, supply

and demand, all these things must affect

prices to the consumer, but we think the

chances are in favor of cheaper prices.

Besides the opportunity of buying your

provisions from a large number of farm-

ers, you would have a large selection to

pick from. Competition among the farm-

ers would be strong, and naturally fair

prices would prevail.



We have interviewed a great many

farmers on the question of a market

place in this city, and they all say about

the same thing. “Give us a place in your

city, a market place, where we are we]-

come, where We can show and offer fOr'

sale the stuff we grow. At present We

are obliged to stand on the street Where

but few people see us, or we must ped- -
3

l.





 





 





 





 





 





\





s





‘looking fair. _

‘meadows making a fair growth.





; JUNE . 7, 1913.





die our stuff from house to house. Farm-

ers must have a market for the sale of

their products and they will naturally so

to the place that offers them the best

inducements.

tained market place in this city would

in time get all the farmers in this vicin-

ity to come to our city to sell their pro-

ducts, and in return they would buy

from our merchants the goods they need.



We have spent considerable time get-

ting the opinions of the different mer-

chants in regard to a market place, and

we believe 80 per cent are in favor of

establishing a market place. Some of the

grocery keepers are oppOSed, saying it

would injure their business. We think

possibly this may be true, but on the

other hand, we think in the long run,

they would benefit with the rest of the

city. '



In the city of Chatham, we interview-

ed all classes of business men, bankers,

butchers, druggists, Clothiers, shoe stores,

hardwares, and grocery keepers, and they

were almost unanimous in saying the city

of Chatham could not, and would not,

do without its public market.



We think a. public market is the one

thing needed to get the farmers in the

habit of coming to our city to do their

trading.





EXTENSIVE FRUIT GROWING.





 





 





A. A. Lasch, of Nebraska, aspires to be

the greatest fruit grower in Leelanau

county, Mich. He has just completed the

Setting of 7,000 fruit treesand now has

a total of 35,000 trees in his three or-

chards. He proposes to continue making

settings until he has a total of 50,000

trees, with an orchard area of about 1,000

acres. One of his orchards is at Lee’s

Point, and covers a quarter section. A

second orchard is in the neighborhood

of Northport and covers 200 acres of land.

His third orchard covers 80 acres.



Mr. Lasch is planning upon putting up

a. warehouse and storage building at the

switch that he may ship his fruit in car

load lots as the market warrants. Last

year he sold at five different points and

was successful in getting good prices. He

is working up his own selling organiza-

tion so that he will be independent of

the usual commission men and large buy-

ers. His specialties are apples, cherries,

and peaches. He favors the Duchess and

Vi'ealthy apples, the Windsor and Mont-

morency cherries, and the Eiberta peach.

This spring he set 600 Hyslop crab apple

trees with the expectation that they will

bring him a bigger return per acre than

any of his other fruits...





 





 





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





Delta C0., May 25.—-It has been very

cold and wet here this spring. Seeding

not all done yet and lots of fields so wet

the teams can not get on them f0r a

Week. Fruit trees not yet in blossom.

Potatoes selling for 30@40c; eggs, 18@20c;

butter, 300; hay, $15 a ton.



Sanilac Co., May 20.—Rather dry weath-

er for growing, especially oats and bar-

ley on very high land. They are badly

in need of rain. Pasture‘is fair, but hay

is very short for this time of the year.

A large acreage of beans will be planted

this year and cool dry weather gives

people a good chance to get a good seed

bed ready. Corn all planted; in some

fields is peeping through. The last heavy

frost was the night of May 25, ice form-

ed to quite an extent. Those who claim

to know say that all small fruit is prac-

tically ruined but apples have not suf-

fered badly. The 1912 bean crop has

been a disappointment so far_to .those

who still have them. as the price 15 not

very large and considerable. waste, some

altogether spoiled from mOisture.



Pennsylvania.



Erie Co., June 2,—VVeather has been.

very cool, with some heavy frosts. Nights

very cold, with some rain. Recent frosts

have done considerable damage to fruit.





Corn nearly all planted; oats looking

good; wheat looks fine. Old and new

meadows are very good. Season about





two weeks earlier than in 1912. About

all of the early potatoes planted; pota-

toes selling at 35@400. Spring pigs from

$6@8 per pair. Butter, 320; eggs, 18c;

veal calves, Sc, alive. Horses and cows

sell at sight. Good prospects for farm-

'ers in general. .

Ohio.



Wayne Co., May 25,—The weather has

been cool and wet with a frost and freeze

on the 11th, freezing nearly all the fruit

in this section of the county. Wheat '13

Oats growing fine. Grass

Corn

Some coming





planting pretty well done.

Butter, 28c;





up and some to plant yet.

eggs, 17c.



Hardin Co., May 22.—Corn planting is

well under way through our section of

the country, but there is some ground to

plow yet. It has been very dry and

seine have given up for want of rain;

can not fit the 'ground after it is plowed.

The cats. do not cover the ground yet and

nealy the first of Jane. Some wheat and

rye looking fair, but is rather thin on the

ground. We ‘had a hard freeze about two

weeks ago. which froze lots of fruit, but

I think there is plenty left. Berries now

in bloom and look fine. .





   

   





We believe a well main- ‘





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





“033 SM nuns





Iooltod up by

03 yooro cl onporionoo

Tho Boon lo tho only machined this typo shot

to coal with oteci cutllllt £9013!”-

wor dice. and steel tru Other

moehlnco of this typo are furnished with cool

iron ousting montoo, cool iron blower diu.



stool equipment mokoo tho Boo-



ood the moot reliable and duroblo

ollo Illlng mochinoo on tho market. Strong

oloimo mode for strength, enmity. durabil-

ity and one in reading. All tor_loroo cot-19o





ilo E. W. loos Co., M114 Weill. nine





 





 





 





 





2-year—old heifers Ereifigiln deems wig: 3.1;.“

so I e ype a to rig. All are heavy producers althou h ,onl to h e b

They are cogable of making good records if given the opportunisty y 9 W av een



. All animals over six months wil





F. W. SAVAGE, Boliovillo, Michigan.





condition and of

oiiicially tooled





bogino ct





 





PERCHE CNS





bred for utility as well no chow unlity. Stable

includes several international w nners. Young

stock to: coo-Io. Como. or write



B. I". ANDERSON. R. No. l. Adrain. Michigan.





FOR SALE om Belgian Slallion





Sound and right in every way. Aloo o 3-yeor-old

JACK. Or will trodo for other livo stock and real

estate. ‘ Address W. G. Himmolwright. Frankfort. Ind.





WANT To BUY lured Hglstoin

H. H. WEB.





hci or calves o

breeding. W.





TZ. Woootor. 0 .

nmns' IIIEC'I‘OIY.





 





 





CATTLE.

Aberdeen-An us.

Herd. consisting of Trojan Ericas kbirdo and





ac



Prides. onlyi. l8 headed y hereon w. the camp

CHAMPIO bull at. the State. West Michlgnn and

Bay City Pairs of 1912 and the sireof winners at those

Fairs and at THE IN HEN TIO L. Chicago, of

1912. W00 K FARM. Ionln. Mlch.





GUERNSEY BULL CALVES,

YORKSHIRE PICS. Good Stock.

lions Gurus“ rm. Soginow. w. S..Mich.





10 log. sunrise listing“. 1°” "MW-

Come or write. J





 





 





Luge



ego, the boot .yet



EN EBL‘LS. R. 0. Holland. Mich.

GUEBN SEYS—Bull colvoo. res" tuberculin looted. Splen-





did breeding. Moderate pricoo. Windonnm Form.er-

vliet. lick. J. K. Blotchmrd. Auditorium Tower. Chicago. Ill.





HEREFORD BULLS NR SALE ml’nmogs

ALLEN BROS" Paw Paw. Michigan.

CHOICE Bull Calves from A. R. O. dams. Sired by



our hard one whooc dam and site’s dam each made

over 30 lbs. in 7 days E. ll. Cornell. Howell. Mich.

A FEW CIOICE fi?"§°§2."’l’;‘“§ 369 3233”?





GREGORY & BORDEN. Howell. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





OLSTEIN BULLS—well bred. at reasonable prices.

Boned Bock Chickens from 15 you- brooding. Good

layers eggs 15 for 31. W. B. Jones. Oak Grove, Mich.





“Top-Notch” Holotoins.





Choice bull calves from 2 to 8 mo. old. of fashion-

able brooding and from damn with oilicial milk

and butter records for sale at reasonable prices.

IOPHEISON PAR“! 00.. Howoli. Mlohlgln.





. ' 'i moo. old. Monti while. Sire h 10

m “ill" A. r. 0. daughter; his site as A. it? o.

tors 4 above ll) lbs. in. on A. R. 0. cow with 5

A. , O. cistern. $15. HOBART W. FAY. Mason, Mich.





Sonics Bulls and Bull calves

Sim by Johann corcordla common,





whose site's dam and dnm'o dam average 34.06

lbs. butter in 7 days, average int 4.67 % Also cows

and heifers bred to him. I can offer you bulls at

bargain prices. Try mo and see. and do it quick.





L. B. CONNELL,

Fayette. - - -





Bigolow’s Holstein Farms





Broodovlllo, Mich.

Have for sale several fine young

bulls out. of cows with high official

butter and milk records.



Send for circular.





THIS HOLSTEIN BUL





WIS:S red by best son of PONTIAC BUTTERBOY.

Dom has official record of 24 lbs. nei-vr.-old. 90 lbs. milk

a day. Price 8100. C. D. WOODBUBY. Lansing,Mich.





IIA'I'CI HERD IOIS'I'EINS’A‘Sdi‘é‘ifl“ £312“.





onoblo prices. HATCH HERD. Ypsilanti. Michigan.





HOLSI EIN BULLS.

3008th old.“ to m. Don't bu until you

at our pedigrees and ricco. LON BEA H

ARMS. Auguota. Kn nmanoo 00.. Mich.





BUTTER BRED “Epingii‘éffi’é‘”

' CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Silver Creek. Allegnn County. Michigan.





 





OhSOo





 





 





 





 





Liliio Farmstead Jerseys

(Tubomulin booted. Guaranteed froo from Tuber-

culosis.) Several good bulls ant bull calvoo out of

"in sale. No ..cmnleo for onlo at





“d albeit? '3’ a...

proocn . a no on ran ..

COLON C. 1.111%. Coomvillc. Mlch.





For Sa!c—Rogistcrod Jersey Cattle. tuberculin toot-



od: bulls and bull calves: heifer and heifer

calves: cows with Register of Merit: and Cow Testing

Association records. VIN FOX. Allegan. Mich.





FOR SALE—“mm? BULL Ci...



y for light. service. from

high class ancestry. WATERMAN WATERMAN.

Moodowlnnd Farm. RED. 6. Ann Arbor. Mich.





Jersey Cows and Heifers

To reduce the hard we will 901125 head of females at. at-

trnctlvc prices. Bloch Meadow Farm. Royal Oak,Mich.





 





 





 





—Bulls ready for sofiice. bred for

JOI'SCYS production. Also cows and heifers

Brookwnter Form. B. 1". D. No. 7. Ann Arbor. Mich.





Mill} BLED SllfllllllfllIISZl’ilfilsgi? $“Jilcg's'i‘o‘6:





. B. HUMMEL. Mason. Michigan.





' —-Largc Cattle—Heavy Milken.

.II" ShthS Milk Records of all cows kept.

No stock for solo at present.



W. W. KNAPP, B. No. 4. Water-diet. Mich.





 





 





 





SHEEP.





' —Yearlin and ram lambs from Chum ion

blush” flock of 'l'humb of Mich. Also select Berk

shire swim. El mhurst Stock Farm. Almont. Mich.





 





 





T PAYS TO BUY thorou hbred sheep of PARSONS.

“The Sheep Man of the ‘ " R. 1. Grand Ledge.

Mich. (WI-mo for descriptive price list.) I pay express

charges. Oxfordo. Shropshiroo. Rumbouliiot, Policd ”chino.





 





Fill SALE—IIOIS'I'I'IIN BULL CALF





Born June 6, 1912 site a son of the Ki ‘ of the

Pontiaos from a dim tor of Hengerveld Kol.

Dam of calf, an A. . 0. daughter of Sadie Vale

Concordin'o Paul DcKol. he: dam amlb. imported cow.



ED. 8. LEWIS. Marshall. Mich.





Purebred Registored



I'I OLSTE iN GATT LE



The Crootoot Dolry Brood

Md





. w [of FR” Boobl‘

Holstein-Friction. Loco" Box I“. Icoltloboco.Vo.





 





llog. Ramboillli Sloop. Pun Brod Poland China





H068 and PEBCEEBON HORSES. 2% miles

E. Morrioe. on G. T. R. R. and M. U. R. J.Q. A. COOK.





SHROPSHIRES £1 DUROCS

ROPE-RON FARM. Kinderhook. Michigan.

H005.

—-A Desirable Bunch of Sows of





“In.“ & “Child: Either Breed due A ril and May.

M. T. Story. B. B. 48 Lowell, Mich. ity Phone 55.





 





 





 





GDIPLETE DISPERSION SALE OF HOLSTEINS





On Thursday, June l9, i will offer at Public Sale my

Entire Hard of 53 purebred Holstein-Friesian Cattle.





This herd consists of 27 choice females of milking nemzfimlaeliggn and 13 heifer calves. Four of the





ready about. June

o._m. Write for catalog.





Octal





0. records up to .





he cows are large animals in good





i be tuberculin tested if desired. Sale





 





..« we... as 1.,





17 -—649

BERKS“ I R ES‘fit’t’o‘z‘l‘mfifiF‘fi" i3“:





odor eligible. served and ready for oorvioo. Some

he we]





bred KW boars ready tor service.

F. D. & E. F. 0 EY. Imlay City. Mlehigaa.

. . ' —Beotbroedi :beott'j

Quick flalunn Iorkslnm. s....i...io.{‘%....n...a"°

or money rerun ed. 0. S. BARTLETT. Pontiac. Mich.





 





' —bred for July fortowingmlso achoioe

Hoarllng 89' lot of Sprln Pi for 0. Either

sex. A. A. PA'I'I‘ULLO. R. 0.1 ckorville.Mlch.





 





—Big wthy type. last fall gills and this

0‘ 1‘ c. sprigéofntrow to 0301'. Very clock.

Scott No. 1 head of herd. Farm is mile west of defiot.



OTTO B. SCHULZE. Nashville. mo .

0 O





C’s—A FEW BRED SOWS FOR

C -

GEO. P. ANDREWS, Dan-ville. Inghom 00.. Mich.





SEPTEMBER FABBOW

0. I. C. SWINE w'm N 1“





rioo on Spring



Pigs. in and trioo. not akin. vs 3 number



of co co molco of good 12% Write me doocrlbing

J. 603 ,





of your wants. A. B. No. 2 Don. Mich.





 





THIS





' 011.033





80" “SIGNED 952 L33.

23 MONTHS 0 D-





" lONlA GIRL





Ihovoolortod morcbrocdcrsontho road econo-

oooo than mgman living. I have tholnrgost and flu.

cot hard in t e U. 8. Every one an early developer.

ready forthc market at six months old. I wont to

glass ono hog in ouch community to advertise my



crd. Writo (or my picn,“fiow to Make Money

Hogs." c. o. lllJAflll.l.llo. i 0 Forum. ligh-





 





 





o I c I —olI sold. Orders booked for April

I O s and May pigs of the choicest brooding.

C. J. THOMPSON. ockford. Michigan





9 ’ —Bred sows. March igs pairs and

O- I. C s trios. Bull Hock gs8150 per15.

FRED NICKEL B. 1. Monroe. Michigan.

9 —All '95. growthy and large. Male.

00 I. C s madyfim to select from. Attractive ricos

on young stock. H. H. JUMP. Munith. Mi

—March pigs read to ship. the long

0. In c. growthi kind with plenty of bone. at

farmers prices. A. N WMAN. R. 1. Mariette. Mich.

nunoc JERSEYS—Fall and Spring boots from

' prize-winning ctr-inn. Sows

all ages. SPECIAL BARGAIN in summer i

Brookwnter Farm. R. F. D. No. 7. Ann Arbor, 3&3:

——Fnll Gilts bred or o 11.





”UN“: ”'8" Spring pigs pairs not a in.





F. J. DROD’I‘. B. No. 1. Monroe. Michigan.





MILES ILL SOLD Bl" (JIFF‘EE’H‘ESI' ii'c‘izi‘b'offi





Station A. Bay City. Mich. Route 4. Box 81.





DUROC JERSEYS—BLED BILLS Fllll SALE.





CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastlnlfl. Michigan.





DUROC JERSEY SPRING PIGS of either sex for

sale, Pairs not. akin, also 2 Reg. Percheron mom.

2 years old, both greys. M. A. BRAY. Okemos. Mich.





"HAN” CWNAS‘iim‘. Shi‘imsfiiimm





Prices right. W. J. HAGELSHAW. Augusta, Mich.





Butler’s Big Bone Poland Goinas





We have a tow nice fall boars. also some big no:

bred for fall far-row. Our hogs are all cholera proof.

J. C. BUTLER. Portland. Michigan.





' ' ' at close prices.



Big Typo Poland China Pigs no... big has...“ E???



Rocks, 51 per 15. ROBERT NEVE, Pierson, Mich.

—Largest in Michigan. Bred ilts

Lflige Iype P. c. all sold. have some cod pt.

and Oct. pigs that have size. bone and quality. Write

your wants or come and see. Expenses paid if not as re-

presented. Freelivery. W.E. Livingston.Parme.Mioh.

—Either sex. all ages. Some-





NLAND CRIN thing ood at 3 low price.





P. D. LONG. R. No. 8. Gran Rapids. Michigan.





P'f' MARS AND SOWS‘Liméifiifilfl





. A. WOOD & SON. Saline. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





 





LARGE Yorkshires—Choioe breeding stock. all ageo.

not skin, from State Fair prize—winners. Pedi-

grees furnished. W. C. COOK, R. 42 Box 22.Adn. M'ch.





Lillie Farmstead YORKSHIHES





Spring bred gilts all sold. Gilts bred for next August

furrow: Se tember pigs either sex. pain and twice

not akin. rdero booked for 9 ring i





 





 





COLON c. LILLIE oopo‘l'ogslllo. Mich





 





, /





\~.

5;\





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





thmfioo.





Arthuzofloilo'wggsflonument. N. Mex. writeome—“Was losing 3 to 5 sheep a.





if hmbofrom wot-no ’1‘

m roach. "Sol-Vol" I





11le





Sol-Vet is nwmmnng medicated

salt. which farm nimals can run tattoo-

Doo'ron imsnvns





thtquondthuw-onoorly





ly and . It ro-

uii-eo no dosing no starving. no

amount notrou leto iced.





themselves-Dam





d-olv





nil blocs no . owo, r . — 'Wno losing lambs right along until I

“More. Vuwriho—“Snl- ct" oovod no l‘thoo “I ‘ t It." . Woodotock

in our 1 bovolcot "no.” J. Amtm". nugeysii L, W" "I



who. to





 





8on1! No Honey—Just The Coupon

dune Ital it uriv- and





' “Mandala!





ng-fi anrmmmsnracmcflamur ,Wilblo.m





?/ feed Your Sfoc/r





L. \ 3 ‘

“#\\““bl|’}“p4 - 1,. ,

ewe/”237%”.





 





‘ll





0

VII Stop Your Worm Losses—i1! Save You- Sheep and Hogs-Make .‘.'::'. Money .. ._..-..i .a'. “.3 handrail?

l'l provo to you what I have proved to thouoondo o! fol-morn If you will iuot ocnd Inc tho coupon today "nude-“ch: Sd‘v“ Puk-

is:-was?!98.3.‘iatl‘ililiiiliféa .. w .

, Minn writa—“Bdoncuoing “Sal





lambs w'ere d ' t th I

d g Sol-Votwllldomg I ”o'$t&:’;:ecrtwoevery day. After





p Your Losses ioo—l'li Prove It Before You Pay. i’ll Prove it Or lip Pay





Sol-Vetcosto only 1-120! 3 cent a day .

r animals.“ snake trifle

in o

it nilotodojuoi; what! 0133.."





roou

lb. m l". M couifion" "'You on to mileage“? ‘ M not.





   





mayo-rifle.





forhogor

le





 

   





 





( ~





gran-nu

' diam

“Mm chiml'li canoe





[If/’4 // I} \‘l‘\\[ ‘

eve/6‘5» on“ /





-Vct"





apical-1;“ ofotockmbovonnd '

.11: '33:; ”mam m.‘°".o'P.0.





 





 





1‘ . . ' .‘ ,‘A

:1 ‘iy n \\ "(la ‘

nullity/ya



E





E'I/z





 

 

 

 





 





,_ - . 40 Ibo. 26- l

m Prices. ,5. 2.01.5: so 3% 32;.





is; 500 ibai. 321.12.

min





ages. Shipment for 60 dnv tri

Within 30 days “.iihbili‘ifi.‘hl§’¢' °....i‘ s‘l‘m? i:



- ~N8l7. each horse or hull of conic. =

nonr_ on we 0|." conic within bye-k-

mg regular size packages.





’ "slum I. run. has.

THE S. R- H“. CO.

more for 6’ 00"“ 6-7-I3 Chm. 0-

° " «EnWFSmemm'ym’l “mu“ l

'm’l'i'; Ic'lr'ict m "a“ co_ d”it?”l 'm M





lost hulls a number





 





 





 





Noon





 





 





' Shipping Sea State_.__

No. of Sheep-..-.. Hoa- ....... Cattle ....... Harm"-.—





“any
656418





mIlllllllllIIlllIIllIllllllIIlllIlIllIIlllIlHIIIllllllllllllIIIlIlIIlIlIIIIIIlIIHillIIIIllllllIlllllllIIIIlIIlllllIlIllfl





Markets.





ElllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllII|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIlIlllIIllIlllllllllllllllHllIlllMINE

GRAINS AND SEEDS.





June 4, 1913.

Wheat—During the closing days of

May the wheat market showed unsteadi-

ness and while prices worked to a lower

level the uncertainty which attended the

dealing was such as to make sudden

changes in either direction to be expect-





ed. Both sides of the trade claimed ben-

efits from the weather. Actual drought

conditions in the southwest was the main

factor for the advance on Saturday while

the decline Monday and Tuesday resulted

from a fall of moisture in some of the

sections suffering from lack of rain. In

western Kansas it is reported that there

will not be a third of a. crop. There are

reports of damage by the Hessian fly and

chinch bugs although it is believed that

the injury has not reached the extent it

did in former years. The spring wheat

region is counted upon for a bumper

crop which makes it necessary for deal-

ers to reckon with all the mishaps that

may occur during the development of the

crop. Abroad conditions are about steady,

except that heavy cargoes are afloat to

supply foreign demand and this had a

depressing effect upon Liverpool Tues-

day; however, the fact“ that exports were

double the primary receipts in this coun-

try should augur as a bullish condition.





lIJlllIllllllllIlH





   





 





One year ago the local price for No. 2

red wheat was 551.15% per bu. Quotations

for the past week are:

No. 2 No. 1

Red. \Vhite. July. Sept.

Thursday . . . .10034 1.08%.; 92%,» 921/2

Friday ..... , ..........

Saturday . . . . 1.10% 1.09%; 93 14 931/2

Monday . ..... 1.08%; 1.071/2 921/4 9214

Tuesday ...... 1.07%: 1.061/2 921/; 9214

Wednesday ..1.061/2 1.05%. 911/, 913/,

Chicago, (June 3).——N0. 2 red wheat,

$1601.04; July, 911,40; Sept., 907,30; Dec,





927/90 per bu.



New York. (June 3).—July, 991,550; Sept.

97%;c per bu.



Corn.—Af1er a continuous advance run-

ning over the past few weeks this market

has experienced a reaction corresponding

with the change in wheat values and

now rules on a slightly lower basis than

prevailed a week ago. In the corn belt

there have been liberal offerings of corn

by farmers now that they have their

spring work well up to date. On TueS-

day of this week the tone was easy, buy-

ing being moderate at Detroit, but in

Chicago an increase in the demand from

shippers and manufacturing industries

on that day gave the trade a firmer foot-

One year ago the price on the De-





-mg.

troit market was 77c per bu. for No. 3

corn. Quotations here for the past week

are:

No. 3 No. 3

Corn. Yellow.

ThurSday ,591A,» 611,5

Friday ......... ..

Saturday .. 591/2 611/2

Monday 59 61

Tuesday .......... . ..... 581/2 601/“,

“'ednesday 57 61

Chicago, (June 3).——-N0. 2, 581/46v59c;

No. 3, 58@59c; July, 58%c; Sept., 5924c;

Dec., 571,40

Oats—There is a reflection of the

downward change of the other two ma-





jor cereals in the market for oats and

the ruling prices on Tuesday were a cent

less than those of the previous week. It

is predicted that the demand from rural

points will grow as the season advances,

since farmers seem to have sold shorter

than they should and are now making in-

quiry for supplies to run them through

till the new crop is ready. One year ago

the price for standard oats on this mar-

ket was 57c per bu. Quotations for the

paSt week are:





No. 8



Standard. White.



Thursday 42% 41%



Friday ......



Saturday .......... 421/.» 41%



Monday 421/2 411/;

Tuesday ........ 42 41

Wednesday ...... . . . . . . . . . 42 41



Chicago, (June 3).——-N0. 3 oats, 39C;



standard, 401/2 6r411/2c; July, 391/30; Sept,





38%.;c; Dec, 391/2c.



Beans—As was stated in this depart-

.ment last week the looal market is doing

nothing in the bean deal and the nominal

quotations published by the board are

the same as a week ago, or $2.05 per bu.

for prompt and June shipment and $2.10

for August.



Chicago, (June 3).——The advance in bean

srices a week ago has not been sustain-

ed except for the kidney varieties. Any

improvement in prices seems to call out

heavier offerings which react upou quo-

tations. Pea beans. hand—picked. are

quoted at $2.35; choice. $2.30; prime,

$2.20; red kidneyS, $2, and white kidneys

$2.50 per bu.



Clover Seed.—The Detroit market is

doing nothing. At Toledo cash seed is

lower while future offerings rule higher.

They are quoted at $12.05; October and

December, $9.20.



Timothy Seed.—At Toledo this product

is quoted at $2 for prime cash and $2.10

for September. The cash price is an ad-

vance while September is lower.



Rye.—,—This trade is quiet with local

quOtations a fraction higher than a week

ago, cash No. 2 being quoted at 64c per

bu, ,At Chicago the same grade is quot-

ed below last week’s figures, or at 621,é@



c er bu. -

63Bagleyr—Thiswgii‘iajnAtisngbstantirally the



as last --- . , . , cago erange

same wee bu.. while at Milwau-





is‘ from 50@67c ,, ,

kee it is from £96 8c per bu.





 





THE i Mi 0 HI c"; in F AF; MF F‘





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





Flour.-—Jobbing lots in 1,5 paper sacks

are selling on the Detroit market per 196





lbs. as follows: Best patent, $5.70; sec-

Ond, $5.20; straight, $5; spring patent,

$5.10: rye flour, $4.60 per bbl.





Feed.~'~Detr0it jobbing prices in 100—

lb. sacks are as follows: Bran, $21;

coarse middlings, $21; fine middlings, $27;

cracked corn, $25; coarse corn meal,

$22.50; corn and oat chop, $21 per ton.



Hay.—There is no change in values on

the local market. Michigan's old mead-

ows appear to be. coming on very poorly

and many have been plowed up. New

seeding looks promising. Carlots on

track at Detroitare: N0. 1 timothy,

3514506015; No. 2, $12@13; light mixed,

$13.506L14; No. 1 mixed, $126013 per ton.



Chicago—No change is noted. Choice

timothy, $186018.50 per ton; No. 1, $15.50

61716.50; No. 2, $136D14.



Straw.—Steady. Carlot prices on wheat

and oat straw on Detroit market are $8





8.50 per ton, rye straw, $961.10 per ton.

Chicago—Steady. Rye straw, $9@10;





oat, $7697.50; wheat, $6.5061x7 per ton.

DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





Butter.—Improvement in quality of re-

ceipts is regarded as reSponsible for the

better condition of the market at all

points. An advance of a full cent at El-

gin has been followed by similar gains in

some of the big markets. Local prices

have not changed but a stronger feeling

prevails than in some weekS. Detroit

jobbing prices rule as follows: Fancy

creamery, 27c; firsts, 251/2c; dairy, 22c;

packing stock, 20c per lb.



Eight—Market steady at 28c.



Chicago—The advance here has been

slight but has embraced all kinds and

grades, and the market seems in a strong

healthy state. Quotations are: Extra.

creamery, 27%0; extra firSts, 261/2c; firsts,

251/;c; seconds, 241/20; dairy extras, 261,230;

firsts, 25c; seconds, 24c; packing stock,

1265220 as to quality.



New York—This market is reported

quiet under an advance of nearly a full

cent over the quotations of a week ago.





Quotations: Creamery extras, 281,460

281/2c; firsts, 271/269280; seconds, 266v27c;





state dairy, finest, 271/,zc; good to prime,

266(27c; common to fair, 2460251/20; pack—

ing, 20613211/§c as to quality.



.Eggs. 1C gs that have the quality are

still commanding good prices in all mar-

kets, but the gradual falling off in qual-

ity which always occurs as the weather

grows warmer is affecting quotations at

some points. In the local market a de-

cline of 1c is noted, current offerings,

candied. being quoted at 19c per dozen.



Chicago-Strictly fresh stock suitable

f0r storage commands an advance over

last week’s figures. All other grades are

quoted lower. Miscellaneous receipts

cases included, are quoted at 1661717c; do.

cases returned. 151/26316c; ordinary firsts,

173,40: firsts, 18%0; storage packed, firsts,

22c per dozen.



New York—Steady and practically un-

changed. Fresh gathered extras, 2260

23c; fresh gathered storage packed, firsts

201/260220; western gathered, whites, 20

6i23c per dozen.



Poultry.~—Markets generally are quiet.

Local conditions have seen little change

in the past week. Quotations are: Live—

Broilers, 306F32c; hens, 16%60170; N0. 2

hens, 126E13c; old roosters, 11@12c; tur-

keys, 1761118c; geese, 126013c; ducks, 17@

180 per lb.



Chicago—Chickens and ducks fraction-





 





ally higher. Market rather quiet. Quo-

tations on live are: Turkeys, good

weight, 15c; others, 10c; fowls, good,





131/26i‘16c; spring chickens, 286D32c; ducks

14613141/gc; geese, full feathered, 91/JC; do.,

plucked, 761.80 per lb; guinea. hens, $4

per dozen.



Cheese.——Steady. TVholesale lots, Mich-





igan flats, new, 139563140; old, 161/2

@170; New York flats, new, 14%@15c;

old. 17617171/2c; brick cream, 14@141/2c;

limburger. 1860190





Veal.——Firm; choice stock higher. Fancy

13617131/2c; common, 1063110





Chicago—Firm and 1c higher under

light offerings. Fair to choice, 8060110-

lbs., 131/2617141/2c; extra fancy stock, 15c;





fair to good chunky, 13@131/2c.





 





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





 





Apples—The demand for apples ex-

ceeds the supply and sellers are getting

their own prices. Detroit quotations are:

Fancy, $4605; ordinary, $3634 per bbl.



Chicago—The best grades of apples

are firm at last week’s advanced values.

Standard winter varieties, $350606 per

bbl.



Potatoes.—There was a reaction in the

potato deal this past week resulting from

the influx of offerings following recent

upturn in values. Receipts at most im-

portant centers were of larger volume,

but the belief is entertained by dealers

that these heavy offerings means the end

of farmers‘ holdings and that values will

again advance to new high figures for the

season. Local prices are down 5c. Mich-

igan stock now selling at 60@65c per bu.

in car lots.



Chicago—Market easier under heavy

receipts and values are lower. Quota-

ti0ns range from 50@55c per bu.





WOOL.





 





 





A slight increase in the activity of buy-

ers throughOut the wool producing sec-

tions of the coantry is about the only

new information that this trade has to

offer. While buying is by no means as

liberal as it usually is at this season, it

does show some improvement and the

farmers appear to be more reconciled to

the prevailing values so that contracts

are easier to make, although it must be

stated that the prices at which the deal-

ers are getting the wool are a shade

higher than these men claimed they could





give a fortnight ago. In Michigan rep-

resentatives of the manufacturers are

paying farmers from 18@20c per lb. for

medium grade, with about the same

range obtaining in Ohio and. Wisconsin.

At Chicago the market is dull and un-

washed mediums from bright sections are

quoted at 186;)20c; half-blood, 16617180;

common, 166017c. , _





BRAND RAPIDS.





 





About 175 (loads of fruit and farm pro-

duce were offered on the city market on

Tuesday morning. Home-grown straw-

berries made their first appearance this

season, W. H. Cheyne. of Georgetown,

bringing in a few crates which sold for

$2.75 per 16 quarts. A number of loads

of old potatoes were in sight and sold

readily at 55@65c. Pieplant brought 40c;

asparagus 60@65c; spinach 50c. Hay con-

tinues at $116213. Eggs a trifle higher

than last week, bringing 181/40. Pea beans

are up 10c, being now qt oted at $1.60 to

farmers. W'heat is worth 1.03; corn, 620;

oats, 42c. ,





THE LIVE STOCKI MARKETS.





Buffalo.

June 2, 1913.

(Special Report of Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, New York).



Receipts of stock here today as follows:

Cattle, 150 cars; hogs.» 110 double decks;

sheep and lambs, 53 double decks; calves,

2000 head.-



XVith about 150 cars of cattle on our

market here today, and with 23,000 re-

ported in Chicago, and the market there

quoted full 100 per cwt. lower, all cattle

on this market weighing 1200 and above

sold from 10@20c per cwt. lower than

last week, in fact, more of them 200 per

cwt. lower than 10c per cwt. lower. At

the close of the market. however, about

everything vas sold and the market

closed steady at the decline.



\Ve quote: Best 1350 to 1500-lb. steers,

5581561840; best 1200 to 1300-lb. do., $7.85

61820; good to prime 1150 to 1200-lb. do.,

$7.7561‘S.10; coarse and plain weighty do.

3575060775; good to choice handy steers,

$780618; medium butcher steers, $78563

8; light common butcher steers and heif-

ers, 51372563750; best fat cows, $675637;

good butcher cows, $6606.50; light do.,

$5.506i6: trimmers, $4604.25: best fatheif-

ers. $750658; medium butcher heifers.

$7.606F785; light and common do., $67563





7; stock heifers, $661650; best feeding

steers (lehorned, $7.506i 7.75; light and

common stockers, $550626; prime heavy





bulls, $7.50607.60; best butcher bulls, $7.25

607.50; bologna bulls, $675697; stock bulls

$550606; best milkers and springers, $75

@100; common kind do., $406555.



Our market was liberally supplied with

hogs today, about 110 double decks.

Good receipts at all western market‘s did





not have much effect on prices today, and"





the general market was full steady with

Saturday's beet time. and trading active.

All good grades selling at 90; roughs,

$750608; stags, $6617 Market closed full

steady, and the outlook for the near fu—

ture appears fairly good.



The sheep and. lamb market was slow

today, with prices about 15c. lower than

the close of last week; most of the choice

handy lambs selling from 3371560725.

Lambs weighing 856?.00 lbs. very slow,





$675607. Best wethers selling mostly at

$6; ewes, $5635.35, owing to weight and

quality. Look for about steady prices





the balance of the week.

We quote: Choice lambs, 5371560725;

cull to fair do., $4637; yearlings, $6656.50;





bucks, $3624.50; wethers, $575606; handy

ewes. $5605.35; heavy ewes, $5635.15; cull

sheep, $3634. Veals, choice to extra,

$10.25@10.50; fair to good, $86510; heavy

calves, $4.50@6. Advise caution in buy-





ing calves weighing over 174 lbs; buyers

discriminating against that kind.





 





Chicago,

» June 2, 1913.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Received today ...... 22,000 48,000 24.000

Same day last year..15.096 31,110 18,437

Received last week..47.566 121,731 86,554

Same week last year.42,048 145,697 68,442





This week opens with a better demand

for cattle than usual, and desirable offer-

ings are ruling firmer, with some sales

that look a little higher. but heavy beeves

are slow. Hogs start off barely a nickel

lower in spite of the liberal supply, with

one car load of prime medium weights

taken at $8.821/2, and $8.80 the virtual

top. Hogs received last week averaged

242 lbs, compared with 232 lbs. one year

ago and 24.3 lbs. two years ago. The

really fat’lots of live muttons are going

at steady prices, but the receipts run

much too largely to grassy flocks that

are selling slowly at declining prices.



Cattle weakened in values last week

because of more liberal offerings at a.

time when trade requirements did not

warrant such an increase, and the bulk

of the beef steers crossed the scales at

a. range of $7.50@8.45, with the better

class of corn-fed steers bringing $8.35@

8.90 and the commoner lots of light steers

fetching $7607.75. The receipts were dis-

tributed very unevenly, with over 23,000

head arriving on Monday, causing a gen-

eral break of 1065150. fat handy weight

steers and fat cows and heifers except-

ed: A similar decline took place on VVed-

nesday on another too generous run. Me-

dium to good short-fed steers sold at

$780608, and fair to good lots of cattle

brought $8.05@8.30. with a very good call

for desirable little yearlings at $8.25@

8.90 and not enOugh offered to go around.

The proportion of heavy long-fed cattle

has been growing less for some weeks,

and the time has arrived when these are

in poor demand, the inquiry centering in

a good class of light and medium weight

cattle. Butcher stock has sold almost

invariably well, with a good demand for

cows and heifers at $5.15@8.75, these cat-

tle having failed in. recent Weeks to share

in the break in steers of 3. correspond-





.... . . .JUNE 7' 1913' .





ing class. Cutters went at $4.60@5.10,

canners at $3.35@4.55 and bulls at- $5.40@

7.65.‘ As compared with a year' ago, all

kinds of cattle are much ‘higher,- the>

choicer class excepted. The stocker and

feeder trade was as large as could be

expected with the limited offerings and

comparatively high prices asked for de-

sirable lots, stockers being quoted at $6@

7.85 and feeders at $7608. The calf mar-

ket was extremely sensational, the great-

ly insumcient offerings resulting in an-

other boom in prices that carried. veal~

calves up to $9.75@11 per 100 lbs.. with

sales all the way down to $5.506D8 for the

heavier lots. Milkers and springers had





a much better demand at $50@100 per'

head, springers selling especially freely.





A rally in cattle prices on Thursday left

the best yearlings as high as ever at

$8.90, but the best heavy sold at $8.65.





Hogs have been marketed more freely

for a week past, but the demand was cor-

respondingly good, and fair advances in

prices took place on several days, the

offerings being needed for the large fresh

meat trade and for manufacturing lard

and cured meats, stocks of which in

Western warehouses are unusually low.

The market of late has shown a much

firmer undertone than was shown several

weeks ago, and the prevailing belief is .

that hogs of good quality are going to

Sell satisfactorily through, the summer

months, although after the marketing of _

heavy sows gets fairly started these will





doubtless sell at the customary large

discount. The present percentage of good

light hogs is comparatively small, and





these sell readily at a good premium over

the numerous heavier hogs. Eastern

shippers continue to compete for the bet-

ter class of light and butcher weights.

Provisions have had large advances in

prices in recent weeks, and packers are

cutting up hogs at good profits, although

they cost much more than in former

years, 1910 excepted. The close of the

week saw hogs sell at $8.40@8.85, the top





being 220 higher than a week earlier.

Pigs brought $6608.65 , and vstags $8.85 a;

9.15. Throwout packing sows brought





357.706.08.25.

Sheep and lambs were marketed freely

mOSt of last week, fed lambs comprising





the great bulk of the offerings, with

gradually increasing receipts of spring

lambs. Most of the springs were shipped





from the south, the big packers getting

most of them from their buyers stationed

in Louisville, the great mart for Ken-

tucky and Tennessee lambs. Fat fed

lambs had to be. only medium in weight

to sell to advantage, as buyers discrimi-

nated severely against heavy lambs, no

matter how good and fat. Nearly every-

thing came to market clipped, the sea-

son for wooled stock being over. The

general market was extremely weak. buy-

ers insisting upon concessions, and sales

were made all around at materially re-

duced prices. The southern crop of

spring lambs is a good one. Fewer ewes

were bred than a year earlier, but more

lambs were saved owing to a more fav-

orable season. Sheep and lambs have

been selling much lower than a year ago.

At the close of last week most lambs,

yearlings and wethers were 250 lower

than a week earlier, some showing more

of a decline, while ewes and bucks were

off 5068750 Spring lambs sold at $66.09,





and shorn flocks sold as follows: Lambs,

$561760; yearlings, $5.35@6.25; wethers,

$4.256125.75; ewes, $3605.25; bucks, $3.50@





4.50.



HorSes are no longer as active as sev-

eral weeks ago, but on some days there

is a very good demand for good business

homes at well maintained prices. How-

ever, the demand is so uncertain that

frequent bad breaks take place in prices,

esDecially for the common and medium

grades. Recent sales were on the basis

of $85@125 per head for the less attrac-

tive animals, with prime extra heavy

drafters scarce and salable at $300@350.

while farm horses were neglected at $125

60225. Farm mares of good to prime qual-

ity were quoted at $2306D285. Chunks

that weighed from 1,250 to 1,450 lbs. were

worth $185@275, with better and heavier

horses selling at $280 and over.



a





LIVE STOCK NEWS.





 





The states comprising the great corn

belt have been marketing lots of fat cat-

tle, their average grading being as fine

as was ever seen, not excepting even the

years long ago when it was quite com-

mon for the farmers of Nebraska and

Kansas to use their corn for fuel and



en corn brought only five cents per



bushel in the western parts of Iowa. All

last winter corn worth around 40 cents

per bushel was fed freely to steers, and

it has been the common remark that poor

grades of beef are as scarce these times >

as it was plentiful a year earlier. Large

numbers of fat beeves have been reach-

ing the Chicago stock yards of late that

were fed on corn from eight to nine

months and dressed around 60 per cent.

Not only was the last crop of corn abun-

dant and good in quality, but the last

Winter season was mild and helped to

make cattle fat on less corn than usual.

By the end of June these cattle. will have

been marketed, and thereafter grass cat-

tlewill comprise a large share of the

marketings at various points.

_ Late advices from -Argentina say that

live stock growers are materially increas-

ing the production of prime cattle and

breeding is becoming more extensiVe than

ever before, encouragement being fur-

nished by the strong demand for meats

from European importers.



Samuel Allerton, the veteran packer

and all-around farmer and stockman,

urges the necessity for a large increase

in the production of beef cattle through-

out the United States. He says Illinois,

Indiana, Ohio, Wisconsin and Iowa can

double their production of cattle and at

the same time increase their grain crops,

providing they practice modern approved

methods of farming and stock raising.
puck markets. on report!

~08: other mm on light up to “to.





 





.. .l. »"i'lil 1‘ ,,~

In :the first edition the Detroit Live

of last week;





Thursday’s Detroit 0 whats

are given in the last edition. The first

tion is mailed Thursday, the last ed1-

m The first edition is





mmlrtunthoydofor'l'hm's

Detroit - an Stock market report. on

may have any Oditioa desired. Subscrib-

ers may change tram one edition to en-

othor by doom as a. card to thstoaoct.





DETROIT Liv: o‘rocK MARKETS.





Thursday’s Market.

May 29, 1913.





 





cattle.





Receipts, 754. Market strong at last

week’s and Wednesday's prices.



We quote: Best steers. $8.25; steers

and heifers. 1000 to 1200. $7.75@8; do. 800

to 1000, $7@7.50; do. that are fat, 500 to

700, $5.50@6; choice fat cows, $6.25@7;

good do..'$5.75@6; common do., $5155.50;

canners. $3.75@4.25; choice heavy bulls,

86.501117; fair to good bolognas. bullS. $6

@625; stock bulls, $5.25@6; choice feed-

ing steers, 800 to 1000, $6.75@7.25; fair





1 do., 800 to 1000, $6@6.50; choice stockers,





500 to 700. $6.75@7; fair do., 500 to 700,

$5.75@6.25; stock,heifers, $5616; milkers.

large, young, medium age. $60@70; com-

mOn milkers, $30@50.



Bishop. B. & H. sold Kamman B. Co.

20 steers av 1045 at $7.75; to Sullivan 1‘.





CO., 16 d0 av 1047 at $8.10. 1 bull weigh-_





ing 1150 at $6.50; to Rattkowsky 1 cow

weighing 830 at $5.65; to Sullivan P. Co.

6 do av 1086 at $6.25. 1 do weighing 800

at $5; to Newton B. CO. 1 bull weighing

1550 at $6.50, 6 butchers av 733 at $7.15;

to Mich. E. Co. 3 cow's av 1050 at $6. 6

butchers av 730 at $7.15. 1 cow weighing

890 at $5, 1 bull weighing 1380 at $7; to

Sullivan P. Co. cows av 825 at $5.50;

to Newton B. Co. 23 steers av 1158 at $8;

to Hammond, S. & Co. 3 do av 1213 at

$8. 2 heifers av 760 at $7.25, 1 cow weigh-

ing 1100 at $6.50, 1 bull weighing 1120 at

$6.50, 28 butchers av 93?. at $7.60; to

Rattkowsky 9 cows av 911 at $6, 2 do av

660 at $4.50. 4 do av 992 at $6.50. 1 do

weighing 910 at $5. 2 do av 980 at $5.50:

to Mich. B. Co. 1 cow weighing 930 at

$5.60, 2 do av 950 at $5.60; to LaBoe 3

steers av 715 at $7.25. 1 do weighing 770

at $6.25; to Strong 4 stockers av 525 at

$6.25, 1 do weighing 550 at $6.60: to BreS-

nahan 2 steers av 1245 at $7.50, 1 bull

weighing 1370 at $6.50.



Spicer & R. sold Bresnahan 2 heifers

av 660 at $6.75. 1 bull weighing 570 at $6,

3 heifers av 777 at $7: to Mason 12. Co.

20 steers av 973 at $7.55, 2 steer and bull

av 900 at $7, 5 steers av 1092 at $8: to

Sullivan P. Co. 3 cows av 950 at $53"). 3

do av 1060 at $6.25. 1 do weighing 960 at

$5. 5 cows and bulls av 1056 at $6.15: to

Hammond S. & Co. 1 canner vwighing

780 at $4.25; to Newton B. CO. 11 butch-

ers av 872 at $7.40, 1 cow weighing 1120

at $5; to Heinrich 19 steers av 1046 at

$7.65; to Mich. B. C0. 1 cow weighing

1000 at $6, 1 steer Weighing 1420 at $8.50,

7 do av 996 at $7.65.



Bennett & S. sold Newton B. Co. 8

butchers av 813 at $6.90.



Same sold Bresnahan 3 canners av 750

at $4.25, 2 heifers av 640 at $7.



Haley & M. sold Newton B. Co. 6 cows

and bulls av 960 at $6, 2 bows av 995 at

$5.50. 1 do weighing 860 at $5.50, 1 do

weighing 1200 at $6. 1 bull weighing 1330

at $6.75, 5 steers av 826 at $7.55, 3 do av

843 at $7.50, 3 butchers av 920 at $6.75;

to Breitenbeck 2 cows av 780 at $5.50. 1

do weighing 1010 at $5.75, 1 do weighing

870 at $4.75, 1 bull weighing 1030.:1t$6.75.



Roe Com, Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 1

bull weighing 1270 at $7. 2 do av 1180 at

$6.75; to Newton B. Co. 2 cows av 1370

at $6.50. 1 do weighing 1100 at $6, 18

steers av 951 at $7.75, 2 do av 925 at

$7.50; to Kamman B. Co. 6 butchers av

931 at $7.25. 5 cows av 954 at $5.75; to

Newton'B. Co. 27 butchers av 702 at

$6.85.



Veal Galvoo.



Receipts, 932. Market active 25@50c

higher. Best, $10@10.50; others, $5@9;

milch cows and springcrs steady.



Haley & M. sold Hammond, S. & Co.

7 av 160 at $10, 2 av 130 at $8.50, 9 av

155 at $10; to Newton B. Co. 6 av 190 at

$7. 24 av 150 at $10. 3 av 100 at $7, 9‘av

140 at $9.50; to Parkerpi’i'. & Co, 11 av

125 at $10, 11 av 150 at $10, 9 av 150 at

$10; to Mich. B. Co. 45 av 140 at $10; to





-Barlage 2 av 155 at $8. 5 av 130 at $10.





ROe Com. Co. sold Mich. R. Co. 12 av

150 at $9.25; to Nagle P, Co. 14 av 150

at $10; to Sullivan P. Co. 2 av 130 at

$10. 1 weighing 110 at $8. 9 av 150 at $10.



Groff sold Burnstine 27 av 150 at $9.50.



Carmody sold Sullivan P. Co. 1 weigh-

ing 190 at $10, 1 Weighing 120 at $7.



Sandall sold Mich. B. Co. 15 av 150

at $9.



Eppler & W. sold same 3 av 150 at $10.



Long sold same 3 av 130 at $10.



Spicer & R. sold Mich. B. Co. 4 av 135

at $9.50, 6 av 125 at $9.50. 11 av 150 at

$9; to Applebaum 7 av 140 at $10.25, 3

av 140 at $8.75; to Newton B. Co, 15 av

150 at $9.50, 2 av 90 at $7; to Goose 10 av

145 at $10, 1 weighing 140 at $10; to Ap-

plebaum 9 av 150 at $10; to Goose 4 av

140 at $10; to Costello 8 av 130 at $9.30,

4 av 135 at $9.30.



Bishop, B. d: H. sold Hammond, S. 8:

Co. 22 av 140 at $9.50. 3 av 125 at $9, 5

av 160 at $10; to Mich. B. Co. 5 av 108

at $7.50; to Parker. W. & Co. 34 av 140

at $9.50, 20 av 145 at $9: to Mich. B. Co.

4 av 125 at $9.50: to Applebaum 2 av

95 at $9: to Newton B. Co. 14 av 145 at

$10. 1 weighing 130 at $9.50: to Thompson

Bros. 3 av 150 at $7. 11 av 130 at $9.50;

to Sullivan P. Co. 5 av 140 at $9.25. 7 av

150 at $7.75. 2 av 200 at $10.50. I weigh-

ing 100 at $8, 7 av 145 at $10. 12 av 130

at $9.50, 1 weighing 280 at $6, 20, av 140

at $9.75: to McGuire 9 av 150 at $10, 12

av 145 at $10, 15 av 140 at $10. 5 av 160

at $10.25: to Nagle P. Go. 9 av 150 at





, $10; to: Rattkowsky 14 av 145 at $10, 1





THE. MICHI





Mavmatfl.fl;tofich.&0a

2 av 105 at $8.50, 11 av 160 at $10.25.

Sheep and Lamb.



Receipts, 1311. Market steady; grass

grades ; go slow on them. ‘Best dry-

fed lam s, $7.50@7.75; fair lambs, $6@7:

common lambs, $4@5; spring lambs,

@10; fair to good sheep. $5@5.50; culls

and common, $2.50@3.50. .



Bishop. B. & H. sold Mich. B. Co. 51

lambs av 105 at $5.35, 10‘do av 72 at

$3.50, 16 do av 106 at $5.25, 6 do av 113

at $5, 14 spring lambs av 55 at $9.50, 14

sheep av 110 at $4.75; to Parker, W. &

Co. 66 lambs av 65 at $7; to Nagle P. Co.

262 lambs av 80 at $7.40; to Newton B.

Co. 50 do av 70 at $7.25; to Sullivan P.

Co. 14 do av 55 at $5. 15 sheep av 90 at

$5.50; to Mich. B. Co. 25 do av 105 at

$5, 5 do av 100 at $4.50, 8 do av 90 at $6,

11 lambs av 65 at $5, 5 sheep av 90 at $5,

7 do av'125 at $5, 8 lambs av 75 at $6.75;

to Sullivan P. Co. 11 spring lambs av 60

at $9; to Fitzpatrick Bros. 81 sheep av

95 at $5.50, 16 lambs av 80 at $7, 6 sheep

av 125 at $5.25. 25 lambs av 75 at $7.75,

21 sheep av 100 at $3. 8 spring lambs av

50 at $10; to Sullivan P. CO. 29 sheep av

90 at $5.50.



Haley & M. sold Hammond, S. &. Co.

8 sheep av 107 at $4.50, 11 do av 115 at

$5.25; to Newton B. Co. 19 do av 105'at

$5.50; to Barlage 26 do av 90 at $5.25, 6

spring lambs av 55 at $9.



Spicer & R. sold Newton B. Co. 19

Sheep av 90 at $5, 11 spring lambs av 54

at $9, 33 lambs av 70 at $7.25, 9 sheep av

90 at $5.50; to Hayes 42 lambs av 50 at

$5.50; to Mich. B. Co. 7 sheep av 85 at

$4.50.





Hogs.



Receipts, 5996. Market 100 lower than

last Thursday; steady with Wednesday.



Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers, $8.60@8.65; pigs, $8.65; light yorkers,

$8.60@S.65; stags one—third off.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. & Co.

4100 :IV 190 at $8.60.



Same sold Newton B. CO. 510 av 170

at $8.65.



Haley & M. sold Hammond. S. & Co.

460 av 170 at $8.60.

$8S‘sncer & R. sold same 600 av 180 at





Roe Com, Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 425

av 180 at $8.65, 180 av 200 at $8.60.





 





Friday’s Market.

May 30, 1913.

Cattle.



Receipts this week, 934; last week, 986.

Market strong at ThurSday‘s prices. Best

steers, $8@8.25; steers and heifers, 1000

to 1200, $775698; ”do. 800 to 1000. $7@

7.50; do. that are fat, 500 to 700, $5.50@

6.50; choice fat cows, $625617; good (10..

35.75616; common (10., $5645.50; canners,

837561425; choice heavy bulls, $6.50@

6.75; fair to good bologna bulls. $6416.25;

stock bulls. $525636; choice feeding steers

800 to 1000, $6.75@7.25; fair do, 800 to

1000, $661650; choice stockers. 500 to 700.

$6.25@6.50; fair stockers, 500 to 700, $5.75

((06.25; stock heifers, $56116; milkers, large,

young. medium age, $60@70; common (10..

$356455.



Veal Calves.



Receipts this week, 1309; last week,

1196; market steady at Thursday's close.

Best, $9.50((110; others, $5@8.50; milch

c0ws and springers steady.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this week, 1689; last week,

2063. . Market steady at Thursday’s

prices; go slow on light grass spring

lambs and common grass sheep and

lambs. Best lambs, $7.50; fair lambs,

$6.50@7; common lambs, $5616; fair to

good sheep, $5455.50; culls and common,

$3014; spring lambs, $8@10.



Hogs.



Receipts this week. 8668; last week,

6723. Market 5@10c higher than on Thurs-

day. Light to good butchers. $8.70; pigs,

$8670; mixed, $8.65@8.70; stags one-third

o .





 





 





Forty head of Hereford .buils ‘and

cows, carefully selected for -American re-

quirements, were shipped a short time

ago to an Illinois purchaser, it being the

first importation from'England to the

United States in 12 years.





 





VETERINARY.





(Continued from page 639).





nips. None of my other pigs seem to be

affected. .1'. C. H., Hampden, Mich.—

Pigs that 10se the use of their body are

usually fed too much corn and not enough

oats. oil meal, grass and roots. Change

1115 feed and give him 20 gm. sodium sal-

lcylate at a dose three times a day. His

bowels should be kept active.

Barrenness.——I have a young sow that

has never shown any symptoms of being

in heat but she is in perfect health; I

thought perhaps I might not have no-

ticed her when in season. Is there any

drug that I can give her that will make

it more easy to detect? B. J. M.. Battle

Creek, Mich.~Let your sow associate

with boar and give her ten grains pow-

dared nux v0mica and 20 grains capsicum

at a dose in feed three times a day.

Heart Disease—Fowl Cholera—I have

recently been losing a great many fat

hens with a disease I am not familiar

with. Symptoms seem much like cholera

only that the fowls’ head remain red and

when the chicken is exerted. they fre-

quently drop dead. My fowls are very

fat. have reduced their diet to barley

and wheat and oat screenings. R. B. .,

Wayne county, Mich.——It is possible that

your fowls die of fowl cholera, if so they

must have- taken it from food they have

ate or you may have bought. a bird that

had it. F0w1 cholera is a contagious dis-

ease and it is not unusual for it to go

through the entire flock in a week or 10

days and most birds die after a few days’

sickness. The crop is usually distended

with food and appears paralyzed: great

thirst, great weakness and abundant dis-

charge of excrement and the body tem-

perature is usually 109 or 110 degrees F.





GAN .FARVME'R





TI. comb m m in brig-ht hue

and 5mm pale and bloodless. I am

somewhat inclined to believe that your

chickens die of heartdisense and not of

cholera. Vaccination cannot be recom-

mended as a. preventative. Give your

chickens equal parts ground cinchona.

ground gentian and ground zinger. A

teaspoonful is dose enough for eight or

ten of your fowls. It is possible that you

would sustain less loss if your entire flock

was sold for food purposes.



Foot Soreness.—-I have a mare that is

stiff and sore in both fore quarters. She

is inclined to change from one foot to

the other and points some; her shoulders

are also a little flat. After she is driven

a few miles her soreness seems to par-

tially leave her. J. M.‘W., Evart, Mich.

—-Give her a teaspoonful of powdered

nitrate of potash and 60 grs. of sodium

salicylate at a dose in feed two or three

times a day. Apply one part turpentine.

one part aqua ammonia and four parts

raw linseed oil to coronet in front and

atrophied shoulders every day or two.



Looseness of Bowels.—W'e have a mare

that is inclined to have too much bowel

action when driven on road. I had her

teeth dressed, also given her medicine

prescribed by our local Vet. W. C. M.

Breckenridge, Mich—Give her a tea-

spoonful of powdered sulphate iron, 8.

dessertspoonful of powdered catcchu and

two tablespoonfuls of ground ginger at a

dose in feed three times a day. Re-

member, feeding and watering and driv-

ing slew has a whole lot' to do in correct-

ing this ailment.



Worms—I have a horse that is trou-

bled with worms 2% inches long by about

1-16 of an inch in diameter, and I also

notice some small worms clinging to rec-

tum. L. I., Byron Center, Mich—Give

your horse one pint of raw linseed oil

and a tablespoonful of turpentine—one

dose only; also give a tcaspoonful of pow—

dered sulphate of iron and' 1 oz. ground

gentian at a dose in feed twice a day.

Drop 1/2 ib, of quassia chips in a gallon

of rain water. boil until it reaches to a

half gallon; strain and inject some. of

this tea into rectum every film or three

days. The bowels should first be washed

out with soapsuds.



Spinal Paralysis—Last February my

mare went wrong and appears to have

partially lost control of her hind parts.

She reels and sways, but does not ap-

Dear to be the least bit sick. Our local

Vet seems puzzled with this case. R. T.,

Leslie, Mich. Give her 1. dr. ground nux‘

vomica and 2 drs. potassium iodide at a

dose in feed two 0r three times a day.

She. should be. turned out where the. hot

sun will shine On her back.



Hip injury-My 11—year-old 1.400-lh.

mare was hurt when foaling some four

weeks ago; since then her left hip has!

gradually reduced in size. C. M. H..

Remus, Mich—Apply equal parts turpen-

tine. aqua ammonia and olive oil to hip

every day or two. If she is lame she

should not be worked.



Blood Poison—I have a mare that has

been troubled with abscesses on left hind

leg and she also appears to have. loin

and kidney trouble. When dowu she has

trouble to get up. She took sick two

weeks ago, before that time she was in

fairly good condition. A. J. C., Chatham,

Mich.——Give your mare 1,4 oz. fluid ex-

tract buchu, a teaspoonful acetate of pot—

aS‘h and 1 dr. ground nux vomica at a

dose in, feed two or three times a day.

Apply spirits of cumphor to her loin

twice a day and apply iodoform to sore

on leg once or twice a day.



Collar Calls—My eight-year-old mare

has sores on neck and I have been un-

able to heal them. I have been applying

peroxide of hydrogen and zinc ointment.

This mare is also troubled with worms.

W. B.. Pierson, Mich—A hard sitfast sit—

uated on the shoulder or on top of neck

should always be cut off. A raw open

sore, heals best when antiseptics and as-

tringent remedies are applied. issolve

1,4 lb. acetate of lead. 3 07.5. sulphate of

zinc. 3 ozs. of carbolic acid in a gallon

of water and apply to sores three times

daily. Give your wormy horse 1 dr. of

sanionine at a dose three times a week

for two weeks.



Chronic Looseness of Bowels.——About

four months ago I bought an eight-year-

old horse that is troubled with what ap-

pears to be a chronic looseness (not

purging) of the bowels. I do not know

how long he was so before I got him.

\V. 0. Chelsea, Mich—Change his feed

and have his grinder teeth floated; _dr1ve

him slow. Give him 1 oz. ground ginger.

2 drs. powdered catechu and 1 dr. pow—

dered sulphate iron at a. dose in feed two

or three times a, day.



Nail» Puncture—I have a cow that

stepped on a rusty nail early in Febru-

ary. The sore only heals up on outside.

then breaks open again. Have been us-

ing carholic acid to cleanse it out and

then injected iodine. P. M.. Akron.

Mich—Apply one part bichloride mercury

and 250 parts water to wound twice a

day and apply iodoform daily. Are you

sure the foot is free from foreign bodies:

a portion of nail or snag may be in font.



Congestion of Lungs—My. hogs com-

menced to sicken some five weeks {12'0

and Since then several of them cough.

breathe fast, and I opened one that died:

found lungs congested. Have been giv-

ing all of my hogs cholera medicine late-

ly; since then none haVe died, but some

Of them begin to act dull. W. T. I-I..

Ionia. Mich—Your hogs may Suffer from

swine plague; however. if they did you

would be likely to find inflamed patches

in kidneys and bowels. as well as lungs.

Perhaps you had better continue giving

the cholera remedy if you believe it is

helping them. I suggest that you change

their feed, prevent them wallowing in

cold dirty water. Give eachof them 4

gm. of quinine at a dose three times a

day.



Partial Loss of Power.—I have a sow

that seems to have partially lost control

of hind quarters; when down is unable





 





to at up without assistance. W. D.,

Walgz, Klein—She should be fed no corn,

but teed her oats, oil meal, tankage and

grass. Also give her 10 drops of fluid

extract nux vomica and 15 yrs. potas-I

slum iodide at a dose in food three times

a day. Also apply one part turpentine,

one part aqua ammonia and four parts

olive oil to back once a day.





 





 





A VALUABLE REFERENOE.





In connection with the veterinary ad—

vice given in the Michigan Farmer, every

reader can uSe to excellent advantage one

of the Michigan Farmer Anatomical

Charts. This chart illustrates the horse.

cow, Sheep, hog and fowl, the perfect

animal, the bones, the muscles, the blood

system and the internal organs, also giv-

ing the name and location of each bone,

muscle, vein and organ. I)1'. Fair, our

veterinarian, recommends the use of this

chart and believes it will help you great-

ly to make yOur questions better under-

stood and also enable, you to better un-

derstand the anSWers. ,



This chart is only one of the features

of our six-page collection of charts which

also contain maps of Michigan. the Uni-

ted States and the world, and many other

valuable features. The entire collection

will be sent postpaid, for only 300. The

Michigan Farmer. Detroit, Mich—Adv.





uubm’smsiwm

In:





amen,





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





 

 





 





 





 

 





Boy because it .

makes a man of

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You clean your barn with half

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See the OADY FARM SHOE dealer in your

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C A D Y

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Appleton-Goodhue Windmills will pump your watel'cconQ

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years. For a nominal Sum we will Insure for 5years

against cyclones, tornadoes, anything but neglect.



Why experiment; buy a simple, sturdy, safe, self-oiling,

self-governing Appleton Goodhue outfit.





FARM POWERS





When the wind don’t blow you will need an Appleton



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THE MICHIGAN FARMER





' Practical





THE MAINTENANCE OF' FERTILITY

AND THE WASTE OF FARM

MANURES.





 





BY FLOYD W. ROBISON.





Some Possible Objections to Barnyard

Manure.



The first step to be taken in the main-

tenance of farm fertility and in the re-

tention of a good productive capacity in

the, soil is the use of and the prevention

of the waste of the natural farm ma—

nures. There are, we will admit, cer-

tain disadvantages in the employment of

faim manures on the farm. There is

likewise a limit to the amount of farm

munures which may be employed in the

production of a maximum crop of grain

producing plants. There is, however, ex-

cepting on exceedingly rare occasions,

no danger of the American farmer reach-

ing a point in the employment of farm

munui'es where much attention must be

given to the caution just mentioned.





\Ve haVe- known a. number of instances

in which farmyard manures were employ-

ed locally in excessive quantities. So

marked was this that a maximum crop

of grain could not be produced because

of the rank growth of stalk and leaf and

on certain Foils because the crop grew to

such proportions that the root was not

strongr enough to hold it upright.





In certain soils which have a loose

muck—like texture there is need at times

of a caution regarding the excessive cm~

ploymcnt of ordinary barnyard manures.

\\'e are conscious, likewise, that the re-

pcatcd use of barnyard manures without

bciugz,r supplemented with other fertilizers

does tend to promote a “phosphorus hun-

ger” in the soil. But the difficulty of

most farmers does not lic in these direc-

tions. In most cuscs there is not nearly

a sufficient amount of barnyard manure

to properly nourish the soil on that form

and to retain the immediate productive

capacity to its maximum. Curiously

enough, it is on such farms, as a rule,

that we find the greatest waste of farm

manures.



The Role of the Absorbent in Preventing



Waste.



The prevention of the waste of farm

manui'es necessitates a study of the char-

acteristics of farm manures and the pre-

vention of the waste must begin in the

stable where the manure is produced.

Naturally, therr'fore. the kind of absor—

bent to use should be given very careful

consideration by the farmer. \Ve think

there is no better product than ordinary

straw liberally used. A liberal use of

straw as an absorbent mcuus, as well,

comfort for the stock in the barn. \Ve

are not in sympathy with a movement

which compels cattle and horses to lie

on a hard cement floor without any bed-

ding whatsoever, and we are not at all

certain that such a requirement is neces-‘

itatcd in anyway by sanitary conditions.

A sufficient amount of clean straw to

give comfort to the stock will be ample

to act in the capacity of an absorbent.

“"9 think by using straw several things

are accomplished at the some time. “'0

think, first. we will place comfort of the

animal: stcond, cleanliness; third, the

absorption of the liquid manurcs, and

fourth, the utilization in a very desirable

way of the straw from the crop, thus con—

serving its nutrients in a very effective

manner.



Liquid Manure is of Greatest Value.

We huv‘; already shown that the liquid

portion of the manure contains the great-

est quuptity of fertilizing: constituents

because it replcscnts that portion of the

food which has been digcstcd and on

most foods the digested portion repre-

sents the major portion of the food.

Likewise this liquid excrement rep-

resents that portion of the food which is

most immediately available. The nitro-

gen content is in soluble form and unless

trapped will escape in a large degree as

ammonia gas into the air. This will not

occur if a liberal ouantity of straw is

used in the stable. Th:- phosphorus. like—

wise, in the liquid manure, is in a highly

soluble form and if conserved will be

placed in the soil in a condition very

favorable for plant growth. In the ab-

sence of a liberal allowance of straw

there are various other absorbents which

maybe used to advantage in preventing

the waste of the liquid manures. In some

dairy stables the use of a deep gutter

facilitates the retention of the fertilizing





 





. Metal Stack Cover co., 27 s. Domain-ease Chicago





irrélllllillIllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllfl





 





JUNE 7, 1913.





 

 





Science.





ElllllllIllll|IlllllllllI|llHillHIllHIlllllllll'll|IllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHIIllllllllllll|lllllllHIllilllIllllIll|Illllllll|IllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllIIHHIIHllllllH“llllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllflllllllllllllllw





ingredients, and where straw is not abun-

dant, or sufficiently abundant to act en-

tirely as an absorbent, dry earth may be

used in the gutter to advantage. In some

stables fine» sawdust is likewise valuable

particularly if the manures are to be used

upon very heavy soils which will be im-

proved by any material of this nature

which assists in opening up the soil and

encouraging aeratiOn.

Gypsum as an Absorbent.



“7e have not believed in the employ-

ment of gypsum as an absorbent in the

stable. It has been advocated and used

to a Considerable extent but to us it has

not seemed to have the trapping powers,

that are needed in the stable to prevent

the escape of ammonia, that other absor-

bents possess.



A Good Place fer Acid Phosphate.



In connection with the use of barnyard

manures in the soil it seems very desir-

able to use other fertilizers and partic-

ularly phosphatic fertilizers. If a reu-

's0nable amount of phosphate fertilizer is

used with barnyard manures there need

be felt no apprehension whatsoever as to

the creation of a phosphorus hunger in

the soil. There has been some prejudice,

as we have explained from time to time,

against the use of acid phosphate in the

soil and there is some ground for this

prejudice, but at the present time thcre

seems to be no alternative as acid phos-

phate is almost the only phosphate which

is commercially available. 11' acid phos-

phate is used as an absorbent in the sta-

ble it will perform this office to a much

better advantage than will (my other ab-

sorbent that we know of with the pos-

sible cxr-eption of straw. The acid fea-

ture, of the acid phosphate seems to act

quite satisfactorily us :1 trap preventing

the escape of the ammonia and in turn

the alkaline, or ummoniode nature of the

liquid excrement stems to ovcrcomc to a.

very marked degree the objection to the

use of acid phosphate when employed

alone. At the present time, because of

the intrinsic phosphate value of this ab-

sorbent it actually builds up in a Very

valuable way the barnyard manure. The

use of acid phosphate, therefore, as an

absorbent in the stable accomplishes three

very desirable ends:



First, prevents the waste of ammonia.

in the manure.



Second, removes the objections to_ the

acid feature of acid phosphate.



Third, conveys direct benefit because of

the phosphoric acid which acid phosphate

contains.





LABORATORY REPORT.





 





Testing Soil.





\Vill you tell me how I may test my

soil to see if it has lime in it, or what

kind of acid to use to see. if we have

marl in our lakes or soil?





St. Joseph Co. J. C, K.





The best way to test a soil to see if it-





has abundant lime is to start a small

portion to clover or alfalfa. If a good

stand is secured there will usually be

found to be plenty of limc. This test is

about the bust 1hnt can be applied for

clover and alfalfa are the best indicators

of lime, in :1 soil. of which we know. If

you suspect marl, get a little muriatic

acid at the pharmacist’s and DOur on a

little of the marl. when a very vigorous

cffervcsocncc or foaming and bubbling

will occur if there is any appreciable

quantity of mar].





BOOK REVIEWS.





 





"Milk and its Products,” by Professor

lienry H. \Ying, of Cornell I'niversity.

This is a new edition of Prof. \Ving‘fs

popular volume under the same home and

brings the matter treated in the various

chapters up-to—datc and includes addi-

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duction of milk, certified milk, and ice

cream manufacture. No dairyman’s lib—

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this authoritative book. Round in cloth,

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E

fl=lll|lllllllllllflflWllUfllllfllllllWllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllmllllfi

KE EP TH E YOUNGSTERS GROWING.





 





It matters very little whether chicks

are hatched early or late, unless they are

wanted for winter layers. If one is prop-

erly equipped for the business. there is

as much profit in late chicks, nowadays.

as there is in early ones. And, no mat-

ter when or how they are hatched, the

most important part of the business is to

keep them growing. A chick that is

stunted is of very little value.



Sometimes it is not easy to determine

just why the chicks refuse to grow.

There are various reasons for slow

gr0wth, such as gapes, indigestion, mites.

lice, etc., to say nothing of the small

chicks that are trampled by the larger

ones and crowded out at feeding time.

Overcrowding and poor ventilation are

very common causes of loss in incubate:-

chicks. Overfeedlng is bad, but under—

feeding is worse. A great 'many people

who consider themselves good hands with

poultry overlook the small details, with

the result that their poultry is less prof-

itable than it might be.



There are very few who pay any at-

tention whatever to the grit supply, and

yet it is of as much importance to chicks

as to other DOultry. One reaSOn why so

many chicks die of bowel trouble is that

they cannot find enough sharp grit' to

grind their food. Gravel such as that

which is so plentiful along creek banks

is no good at all. Sharp coarse sand and

the commercial chick grit will give good

results. If chicks cannot be induced to

eat enough grit, which is sometimes the

case, it is advisable to feed either cor ‘4

grains or ground grains. As a rule, I

feed small grains mixed with cracked

corn in a dry state. but have had very

good success with boiled feed. I have

even cooked commercial chick-feed. Sev-

eral years ago I lost some valuable chicks

by feeding too much dry feed (overfeed-

ing has always been my failing) and, al-

though the feed contained plenty of grit,

they refused to eat enough of the latter.

Then I tried boiling the feed and that

was the end of the trouble. Not another

chick died.



There is no better feed for growing

chicks than cracked corn and whole

wheat, boiled together. These grains give

good results when fed dry, also. but there

is more danger of overfeeding. A chick

can eat all the cooked grain its crop will

hold with no danger of indigestion, while

if the same quantity of dry grain is con-





sumed regularly, with an insufficient

quantity of sharp grit. the chances are

that indigestion will follow. a





Chicks of different sizes should never

be fed or housed together. The smaller

ones are always the “under dogs" at feed-

ing time, and they are apt to be other-

wise abused. .



It is a good plan to have all coops and

houses enclosed with poultry netting.

Then each separate bunch of chicks can

be fed unmolested. Of course. they should

not be kept yarded except when abso-

lutely necessary. If large grassy yards

are provided it is best to keep the chicks

yarded until they are old enough to have

become accustomed to their roosting

quarters. Or, when the weather is cool,

it is sometimes advisable to keep chicks

yarded, especially in the morning when

the dew is heavy. Wandering around in

the cold dew-covered grass will kill little

chicks about as fast“ as anything I know

of with the exception of lice and gapes.

However, these usually go together. If a

chick is lousy it is more liable to take

gapes, because either lice or mites will

soon weaken a chick to such an extent

that if it is not killed by them, it is an

easy prey to gapes or some other disor-

der. Therefore, be careful to guard

against vermin.



Sometimes chicks will become lousy in

spite of all efforts to prevent it if there

are lice on the premises. This is es-





pecially true of hen-hatched chicks. If

the hens are lousy, or if the chicks are

kept in a houSe which has been recently

occupied by other fowls they should be

closely watched. It is never advisable

to use an old. henhouse for chicks unless

it is kept clean and kn0wn to be free of

rice. Not'even then, if still occupied by

other fowls. A mistake that is too fre-

quently made by beginners is that of al-

lowing hens to set and hatch chicks in

the henho'nse" or wherever the rest of the

flock stays.

mites in the house. the sitters soon be-





- come regular louse traps.





If there are any lice or_





   





 





TH E‘ Mrc Hie: N 1‘ F A R ME R





If these. hens

can endure the torture until the chicks

hatch (which is sometimes impossible)

the lice will then desert them far “pas-

tures new." A very few of the large lice

will kill a. little chick or turkey in short

order, that is, if they begin operations

while the fowls are very young. When

the wing feathers of young turkeys either

hang dOWn or become ruffled and uneven.

it is an indication that they have lice.

There are other symptoms, such as diz-

ziness and a' pale withered look about the

head and feet. A little olive oil. occas-

tor oil, will kill lice and not injure the

chick it carefully applied. Never use ker-

osene or lard, and be sure to keep chicks

in a shady yard after applying the oil.

They cannot endure strong sunshine. Re-

member, also, that in summer all of the

poultry needs shade.

Ohio. ANNA W. GALLIGHER.





KEEPING A GOOD-SIZED FLOCK.





 





A southern Michigan subscriber has re-

cently sent to the writer the following

questions: Can I keep 500 hens on six

acres of land? Can I feed and house

them so as to make the flock average 250

eggs per day the year round? How large

a. house will I require?



He can easily keep this number on six

acres and have enough ground to raise

part of the grain for them. If it is good

corn land. he should be able to raise 150

or 200 bushels of corn, or 60 or 70 bush-

els of wheat. Three acres will give the

hens a good range, and not crowd them.

Not that much would be neededto give

them good pasturage. Many a chicken

fancier will raiSe 500 chickens on an acre

of ground, and do it well, too.



We hear considerable about the 200-

egg hen, and some chicken enthusiasts

assure us that they have whole flocks

that‘ will average 250 eggs to each hen.

for the year. I am so skeptical about the

accuracy of all such claims that I shall

have to be shown. I have hens that will

lay that many eggs. but only a few. In

fact, my opinion is that that prolific kind

is pretty scarce. Doubtless there are a

few in every first-class laying strain of

hens. But as to a whole flock—that is a

vastly different thing. A flock that av-

erages 150 eggs to every hen is a good

one, better indeed than most farm flocks.

This party wants 250 eggs from 500 hens.

or 1821/2 from every hen for the year.

We'll. if he can get' that average from 500

hens he will be doing well.



He will have to have a first-class laying

breed, and he will have to attend pretty

closely to his knitting in the feed and

care business. I Po not say he can nOt

get it. I think it is possible, with excel-

lent skill in breeding and handling the

flock. If he makes the trial. I hope he

will let us know how well he has succed-





ed. Or if any of our readers have done‘

experimenting along this line, we shallbe-





glad to have them tell us, through this

department, what they have learned.





Now as to the house for the 500 hens.

If I were going to keep 500 hens on six

acres, I should have three or four houses

for them, and have them scattered about

over the land. This method would insure

better sanitary conditions. That number

of hens is too many for one building. If

this party is going into the poultry busi-

ness that extensively, he will need to

equip his plant with good buildings, if he

is to get the best results from his ef-

forts. Just any kind of shacks will not

answer the purpose; and crowding the

hens into an insufficient space will work

disaster. On stormy days in winter the

hens should be kept indoors, and that

means that they will need scratching

space. Every henhouse should have two-

thirds more space for a scratching room

than is required for a roosting place. One

hundred hens in one building is enough,

and it should have at least 300 square

feet of floor space. That means a build-

ing something like 30 feet long and 10

feet wide. It need not be an expensive

structure, but it should be well made and

comfortable for the fowls.



If the hens are to have fenced-in runs

the houses could be made in one contin-

uous building, with alternating roosting

and scratching pens. and thus the hens

be kept in separate flocks. I am speak-

ing here of houses arranged to secure,

health and egg production from the flock.

If the hens are to run out in all kinds of

weather and the houses to be used merely

for roosting places. as is the case on

many farms. much less floor space will

be required. I have given three square

feet of floor space per fowl, but many

poultrymen want {our square feet. and-

even more.





Ohio. Glio. D. BLACK.





 





 





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selected pens.





 





 

 

 





Lice Murder Chicks





d, check laying. stunt growth. ruin

the plumage. torture the hens

PRATTS LICK KILLER

(Powdered) murders lice and no





page ultryc m b P’“ 11

po 0 7 ma

Get Pro? Profit-ohm Booklet





 





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_

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BANDING FOR CODLING MOTH.



Banding was one of the methods used

in our early attempts to control the cod-

ling moth, our most important apple pest

and an insect with a history. There are

records of this insect from 200 years be-

fore the Christian era. Cato mentions

both the apple and apple worm, so we

know the two have been associated for

some time. Since then, all along the line

of the march of human progress we find

mention of him. It has been only within

the last century that we really got him

classified and started warfare against him.



At first we tried to scare him away by

hanging moth balls in the tree or by

smudging the orchards with ill smelling

compounds. We tried lanterns set in pans

of oil as traps and using molasses and

vinegar as a bait. We also plugged the

trees. with substances which were sup-

posed to be detrimental to the moth. This

method of the times of witchcraftery is

still used by certain money ambitious in-

dividuals who make a small (7) charge

for their scientific (1’) work. The worst

part of it is, they still find plenty of

suckers.



,.As we were coming out of the dark

ages of codling moth control we came to

to the use of banding as a method of

warfare. It was an efficient method in

its time. A fairly large per cent- of

worms were caught by this method. But

shortly after Dr. Riley found that paris

green was good to give to potato bugs

he found that it was equally good to give

to apple worms. and since then, banding

has been relegated to the background

except for scientificpurposes.



There are three important things neces-

sary for good results in spraying; time,

thoroughness, and materials used. Thor-

(.ughntss is a personal matter. It is a.

thing which is hard to impart to others,

or vice 'versa. Formulas 0f materials to

use can be had from any sources but the

most reliable and up-to-date formulas

can be had from the experiment station.

The proper time to spray causes the most

trouble.



Time for Spraying Varies with Season.



The spraying calendars of the experi-

ment stations give as nearly as possible

as printed directions can, the proper time

but there are changes in the conditions

of the seasons which make variations in

the time of spraying which printed direc-

tions can not allow for.



The various results we get in control-

ling the codling moth by spraying at the

same time each year regardless of the

differences of the season show us the im—

portance of spraying at the proper time

and the need of a method of determining

that time. For this purpose the old-

fashioned banding becomes popular again

and becomes a valuable adjunct to

spraying.



How to Determine the Time to Spray.



The method consists of putting a band

of burlap around the trunk of the tree.

An old burlap sack folded about three

thicknesses is the best. It should be

fastened to the tree by one headless nail

about the middle of where the two ends

lap. By so fastening the band can be

taken off for examination and replaced

Without drawing the nail.



This band serves as a hiding place for

the moth when it spins its cocoon. These

cocoons are gathered by cutting off the

piece of burlap 0r bark to Wlllt‘ll they

are attached and then placed in a cage

made of a dish with a little earth in it,

over which is set a lantern globe whose

tOp is closed by a piece of mosquito

netting.



The cage should be placed where the

temperature is the same as outdoors and

care should be taken to place it where

the sun will not unduly affect its .tem-

Derature.



The time for spraying is determined by

the emergence of the moth from the co-

coon. Ten to 14 days after is the proper

time, the shorter time being used for the

second brood and. the longer for the

spring brood. About two days after she

appears the moth lays her eggs. These

hatch into worms which enter the apple

in about eight or 10 days. The time for

spraying should be taken from the ap-

pearance of the first moth, not the later

ones.



To get the time of the second or Aug-

ust brood the bands should be put on

early in June. They should be examined





 





occasionally from the first of July on

until cocoons are found.



0 determine

first brood the bands should be put on

early in September of the preceding year

as the apple worm spends the winter in

the cocoon stage, although it does not

change to the chysalis stage until the

next May.



By using this method we have found

great variations in the appearances of the

moth. The past two seasons well illus-

trates this. For 1911 the proper time

was about July 25, while for 1912 it was

August 15, for the second brood, and

there was a difference of about a week

and a half between the first broods of

those two seasons.



\Ve also find that there is considerable

difference between a place on the lake

(Michigan) shore and one inland, a place

15 miles inland being a week earlier.



It is not necessary for everyone to car-

ry out this method. One man in a vicin-

ity. is all that is necessary. He can, by

putting notices in the local paper, give

others the advantage of his work. It is,

however, advantageous for each one to

do the work himself because it Will give





him an excellent opportunity to learn

more about the codling moth. It is a

good thing to kn0w something of our

enemies.





Van Buren Co.





SUMMER PRUNING.





FRANK A. WILKEN.





 





|



Will you give in the Michigan Farmer

the effect of pruning apple trees after

they are in full leaf. I moved on a farm

where the trees have been neglected and

did not get a chance to prune all of them

before the buds started. One of my

neighbors said he always pruned his trees

in June and they did not bleed. I never

heard of pruning trees at that time so I

am writing for your advice.



Delta Co. I. C.



There is a belief among some of our

leading fruit grmvcrs that better results

would follow if a much larger proportion

of the pruning of fruit trees was done in

June. Summer pruning has a different

effect upon trees than pruning during the

period of rest. “'hen the trees are dor-

mant the cutting away of branches tends

to increase the amount of woody growth.

while if done in June this growth is

checked. Because of the generally ac-

cepted statement that the production of

wood and the production of fruit are op-

posed to each other, the conclusion from

the above is that pruning in the actiVe

period of the year, i, e., June, induces

larger fruit production; and this conclu-

sion appears to be tolerably well sup-

ported by practice. The summer pruning

of trees from five to ten years old is fre-

quently practiced to stimulate early bear-

ing and where old trees are sparing in

production the same method is sometimes

followed.



In the case Of the inquirer the policy,

we believe. should be dictated largely by

the condition of the trees. If they are

vigorous and have made good growth

then there would be little or no danger

zesult from pruning now, and the prob-

abilities are that a larger yield of fruit

would accrue. On the other hand, if the

trees lack vigor, show little life and are

making only a nominal growth it would

be unwise to do anything that would re-

strict further development and, there-

fore, the pruning under such circum-

stances, ought to be delayed until the

trees are dormant.





 





 





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of the United States, flags of all nations,

rulers of the world, Panama canal, all

our presidents, and several other features

too numerous to mention. .



These charts have been Sold mostly for

$1.00 or $1.50. They will decorate and

instruct in any home or office. We offer

them at this price to quickly get rid of

them and after our present stock is ex-

hausted no more can be had. Remember

the price is only 30c, while they last.

Send your order to the Michigan Farmer,

Detroit. Mich—Adv.





 





Free "





Your farm is worth twice

successfully.





 





 





mation on planting, harvesting, a





   

 





Treo‘





Tree’ ’

Seeds





Taylor Street, Chlcago





your free offer.





His Town---.





 





For Summer Sowing





 





Our Free Seed Offer is made for a short time,





good only until August 1, 1913, to enable you to sow a test "

patch of Alfalfa on your farm this summer. Sow it according to our direc-

tions and learn how to make this Wonderful Crop succeed on your land.





Just mail the coupon and we Will promptly mail the

sample of seed, enough to sow a square rod, together with our latest and

best booklet: “Dickinson’s Alfalfa Facts.”





money to you, but It Is free for the askljg.





. ‘ h l -

\ C‘P'ne booklet right away, before t e p ant





IT STANDS LONE" Succeed coupon Tada 2





The Albert Dickinson 00., Sales Department, 38X





Please send me a test lot of " Pine_'l‘ree” Alfalfa Seed and your booklet, as pet

I agree to plant the seed this year according to your instructions.





My Name is ........................................................ R. F. D. No ...............

Town ........................................ County ........................ State .............





y Dealer’s Name is ________________________________________





Ifalla Seed





 





as much if it will grow Alfalfa





   

   

   

   





This booklet gives full infor-

nd feeding Alfalfa. It is worth big





   

   

   

 





Send for the free seed and





   





ng season has passed by.





Mail £13





   

   

   





 

   

   





   

   

 





 





 

   

 





Slat»





 





The _ easiest

Afincstumyto





 





.\ I-s.\’ ' A“ \ V





No one will ever use “W

a liquid sprayer who

has once used the i





.‘CHAMPION bUSTeg’





The Champion works faster—dusts two rows

at once—as fast as a man walks. Weighs on]



six pounds. Simple to operate, any farm han ,

even a boy can use it. It gives better results,

at less expense—in time and material used—

than an other machine. No water to carry.

Least anger because the poison is kc t at

a safe distance. Price $8.00. If your ocal

dealer can’t supply you, we will ship direct on

receipt of price. Guaranteed satisfactory.





0! large acreage. use the Beetle Duster.

Duh four rows a fast a a hone walla.





Write for literature to





LEGGETT & BROTHER . ‘

301 A Pearl Street. New York City





 





 

 

   





kill bugs!





A " “I“; 'I . ‘.J -_ u

“ . u u p; . 7 _

i. at ,1 I ‘ «yawn rfl‘ ? r, \'5’

5" /A “" "" u‘isir "n “A "' 9; v._ '- ‘03,:3

.: n: , .1. -\ flit?” ‘\ 531‘?- E] ,3, Q





J





 





 





fl Will pay for it-

self first season.

Best Orchard

Ladder made

and only one

thatwillstand

secure on side

hill or un-

even ground.

Easy to set,

. _ 1i ght {and

strong. Automatic lock,

improved hinge and bracket.

6-8-10 and 12 foot heights.

Sold on five days free trial.



Ask your dealer to show it to you,‘

or write for our Ladder Folder.





II. 8. IIODIJIIIS, Dept. 2, Orleans, Mich.





You Can’t Grow ALFALFA





if your soil is "sour" or acid. To secure a sue

cessiul “catch” the soil must be limed. Write us

TODAY for special prices on the genuine mag-

nesian lime rock direct to you in sacks or bulk.

We ship quick from Muskegon and Benton





 

 

   

   

 

   

   

 

 





 

 

 





 

 

 





 





 





'\





   

   

   

   





 





 





 





S O Y B EA N S‘hfi‘gifeni‘v‘ii‘ifiiéi





at attractive prices. J. W. B SMITH, Adena, Ohio.





Harbor. Send for sample and booklets.





LAKE SHORE STONE C0., Milwaukee, Wis.





 





 





THE MICHIGAN

FARMER.





DETROIT. HIGH.





 





and addresses, and the Watch will be

Easiest thing you ever did. The Mich

now you only” charge 50 cents, (less than

neighbors that you are after a watch you

Start right away,.' the sooner you start

your pocket and telling you at a glance

[the day. Send your order to THE





 





 





 





 





» o

the three of them and send us the $1.50





BoyS, here is the best chance that ever

was offered to get a good time-keeping

watch without it costing you a cent.

Read this over and then get busy, if you

haven’t got the watch as good as in

your pocket in a. couple of hours, it's be-

cause you don’t want it bad enough.



The watch is the real thing, 16-size,

nickle case, stem«wind and set, second

hand, fine watch movement, and keeps

absolutely correct time. It’s fully guar-

anteed and if you don’t hammer tacks

with it or take it apart, in fact, if you

will treat it as the friend it will prove

rto you, the manufacturer will keep it in

repair for one year without charge.

That's fair, isn’t it?



HERE IS HOW YOU GET IT.



Go to three of your neighbors who are

not subscribers to The Michigan Farmer,

or whose time has run out, tell them that

you willhave sent to them the Michigan

Farmer_(thebest farm paper in Ameri-

ca), every week for a year (52 copies) for

my 50 cents. Collect 50 ‘cents from

you colljectrtogether with the three names

sent tovyOu at once, post paid. -

igan Farmer used to be $1.00 a year and

one. cent a week), and by .tellingthe

will likelyulget the first threeyou ask.

the scarier you have‘tihe Watch ticking in

the hour, the minute, and the second of

MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, Mich.





i





A Watch to be proud of for Every Boy that Wants One ‘





a;





 

 





ni-
Wm; 7, 1913. .





THE MICHIGAN F-A’R'MER.





23—655 ,





 





gmmmmmmmMmeg

Gran gt?-





ElllllllllllllllllllIllIIIIllllllmliillllllllmimllmmlllllIlllllllllllullllmmmflllllllllfllimnmfl

Our Motto—“The farmer is of more





cOnsequence than the farm, and should be

first improved."





THE JUNE PROGRAMS.





 





State Lecturer's Suggestions for First

Meeting.

Song.





Roll-call responded to by each- giving

experience with a pleasant piece of work.



Recitation, “When June gets here.”



How to make some piece of home or

school apparatus for play.



Do sugar beets increase soil fertility?



Song.



The most attractive part: 1.

township. 2. Of my county. 3.

state.



Pantomime or dialogue.





Of my

Of my





BIRDS I SAW ONE DAY.





 





(Paper presented at meetings of Leon-

idas Grange and St. Joseph County Po-

mona by Helen Lucile Taylor, and pub-

lished by request).



The subject of my paper was to have

been. “Birds I have seen in the spring.”

but if I kept to that subject I would have

to come to many Grange meetings to

read it. So I have taken the liberty of

changing it to “Birds I saw one day in

the spring,” and think you will find them

many.



To begin, my husband was to blame for

my playing truant that day—running away

from my household duties. “Look." he

cried at the breakfast table, “at that

bird in the garden! Did you ever see

one SO blue?"



“Oh, an Indigo Bunting! Right in the

garden!” I exclaimed; “I must go and

See it."



I hurried out and followed that vivid

bit of blue through meadow and field, it

ever flitt'inngust ahead of me. until at

laSt it soared away in the distance. Then

I turned to"retrace my steps, but the

glorious morning was all about me—the

rosy east, the fragrant air. the joyous

out-of—doors, and. above all, the bird

music.





”The robin and the bluebird, piping loud,

Filled all the blossoming orchard with





their glee.

The sparrows chirped as if they still were

proud

Their name in holy writ should men-

uioned be.





The hungry crows, assembled in acrowd.

Clamored their piteous cries incessantly,

Know who it was that said

Give unto us this day our daily bread.”





I could not resist this "call of the

wild.” "Just through the orchard.” I

thought, and with a guilty feeling of

work left undone I started for the open-

air concert holding forth there.



The Orchard oriole was 'the first that

met my eye. He is sure to be found

here, for he makes his home in the or-

chard. He is not so conspicuous as his

cousin the Baltimore oriole. His coat of

chestnut and black is easily overlooked

among the green leaves but his voice is

richer in tone and finish, as though he

had taken of a greater master. He lives

chiefly on insects and saves us many a.

juicy apple.



A cheerful repetition of song callsd me

to another part of the orchard where I

knew I would find the red-eyed vireo

flitting from branch to branch searching

for worms and singing continuOusly, but

I must look long and searchingly for him,

he is so small and his coloring is so in

harmony with the foliage. But finally I

find him, a little olive green bird, very

inquisitive, ‘peering beneath each leaf to

see what is there.



But now rich bird music calls me at

the foot of 'the lane—sad music that

speaks of beauteous stories of long ago,

rich‘music, like grand opera, melodious,

Spiritual. I hurried to see the





“Bluebird atilt upon top-most spray.

Flooding with melody the neighborhood."





I never can quite define the bluebird's

song, so sweet, so sad.



Here I hear the plaintive cry of the

meadow lark. "Won’t you be my sweet-

heart?” I heard a small boy interpret it.

and isn't it a pleading. plaintive cry? I

wandered up to see this meadow lark but

it impolitely turned its back to me. They

will ever do that, seeming to know that

their yellOW breast, with the black cres-

cent encircling it, is a conspicuous mark.





Now a happy, jolly, rolicking ~song





makes me cqnsciious that Bob 0' link has C





taken possession of the wheat field—Bob

0’ link, the happiest of birds. At the

head of the lane the clarion can of the

flicker sounded. I’ll admit now that all

thought of home and neglected duties was





gone and I was lost in the joy of follow-





 





 





ing these birds. The flicker is a bird of

many names, high-hole and yellow-ham-

mer being the most common. He busily





hunts for ants on the ground. then files





up with a swish, the yellow under his

wing making him easy to. identify.



Now Ibear the brown thrasher’s beau-

tiful carol at the edge of the woods and

I enter them to get a view of him. The

brown thrasher seems associated with my

childhood, for ’twas then I found his nest

in brush piles and fence corners and

learned to know him. His song is the

most beautiful of songs, and his hearing

the‘ most distinguished. He appeals-to

our higher emotions.



I hear a new song and know it to be

that of the Kentucky cardinal. ‘I count

it a red-letter day indeed when I see the

cardinal. It is a bird of the south and

only an occasional species comes north.

The cardinal is the only Wholly red bird

we have in North America. It is a beau-

tiful bird and a. pleasing songster.



From the cardinal to the red-headed

wood-pecker is a far cry, yet the red-

head is'an interesting bird to watch.

Look at this one now excavating a nest

from that hollow 'tree. What a car-

penter he is, and how hard he works!

But his mate must help; she must do her

share. He works until, with a series of

drum-beats he calls her, while he flies

away to rest; it’s turn and turn about

until the nest is completed. The wood-

pecker has no musical voice.



And thus I wander on, feasting my eyes

and ears upon these birds until, growing

weary, I sit down upon a. knoll to rest.

Immediately I experience the greatest

joy of all the day as a dainty little bird

alights upon a bush before me—a veri-

table fairy bird. I recognize it as the

Myrtle warbler, and in its coat of yellow

and black, brown and white, it presented

such a bit of exquisite loveliness that my

soul stirred with delight at the sight of

it, and I exclaimed, “Now, Lord, let Thy

servant depart in peace.”



As I wandered homeward my mind was

all engrossed with these “ballad singers

and troubadours," and I wondered why

we farmers, whom they work so hard

to help, are so indifferent to them. Why

must they have so many enemies—the

man with a gun, out: to kill something;

the Small. boy with the slingshot; the

house cat; we could help prevent this de~

struction if we would.





”Do you ne'er think what wondrous be-

ings these. .

Do you ne'er think who made them or

who taught

The dialect they speak,

Y‘Vhere music alone is the interpretation

of thought

\Vhose household words are

many keys

Sweeter than instrument of man e’er

wrought

“'hose homes in the tree—tops even



Are half-way houSes on the road to



heaven.”



Let us encourage the birds. Let us

strive to gain knowledge of them, their

ways and habits. Let us put up nest

boxes for them and, above all, learn to

appreciate the great benefit they are ever

conferring on mankind.





songs in





 





In Honor of Veterans.——Bellevue Grange,

of Eaton county, made a Memorial Day

observance of the first meeting held in

the hall which it has recently leased.

Four of its members were Civil war Vet—

erans and these were given seats of hon-

cr in front of a flag-draped window. One

of the veterans made the principal talk

of the afternoon—an intensely interesting

sketch of the war from the firing on Fort

Sumpter to the surrender of Lee. He

also expressed great satisfaction at the

evidence of the obliteration of sectional

feeling which has‘been seen recently in

the provision made by the government

for entertaining, at the field of Gettys-

burg this summer, not only Union but

Confederate veterans. Several patriotic

songs were sung by the Grange choir and

there were clever recitations and read-

ings, while Master S. W. Burleigh and

Willard Follett united in giving a memo-

rial address on the history of the local

Grange and the members who have car-

rled forward its work, mentioning es-

pecially those who have passed away.

Mrs. Charles Lynd was elected secretary

of the Grange to succeed Mrs. James E.

Ward, who as Miss Ethel Reed. served

the Grange several terms, but whose re-

cent marriage changes her home to Eaton

Rapids. .





 





COMING EVENTS.





Pomona Meetings.

Jackson 00., with Henrietta Grange,





Friday, June

Joseph Co’s (joint





 





Branch and St.

meeting) at Bronson Grange hall, Satur-

day, June 7. State Master Ketcham and



H. Bramble, speakers.

Washtenaw Co., with

Woodman. state speaker.

Grange. Tuesday. June 10. Hon. Jason



Ingham Co., with Locke Grange, Wed-

nesday, June 11.



Wayne Co.. with West .Road and Wil-

low Granges. in Willow Grange hall, Fri-

day, June 13.





Manchester





EellIllIlllIll|IllIIllIllll||lllIIIlllllNlllllllllllllllllllmmmllmmffllfllflllflfl





: Farmers’ Clubs





WillilllmIWWWIHHHMIWWMIlllllllllllllllllllllIlllllli’]





OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIA-

TION OF FARMERS’ CLUBS.





President—Jae. N. McBride, Burton.



Vice-President—C. B. Scully. Almont.



Secretary-Treasurer—Mrs. C. P. John-

son, Metamora. -



Directors—C. P. Johnson. Metamora;

H. W. Chamberlain. White Lake; Wm.

T. Hill, Carson City; Jerry Spaulding,

Belding; R. J. Robb, Mason; J. F. Re-

main, Flint.



Address all communications relative to

the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C.

P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.





   





 





 





Anoclatlonal Motto:

The skillful hand, with cultured mind,

is the farmer's most valuable asset.





 





Anoclatlonal sentiment:

The farmer, he garners from the soil

the primal wealth of nations.





 





—.





THE SUMMER PICNIC.





 





It is not too early to begin plans for the

summer picnic. Already some of the

loeal Clubs are making plans for the

August picnic. This may well be made

the occasion for stimulating interest in

the Club, Very many Clubs make this the

occasion of a union meeting. two or more

Clubs uniting in a social day upon this

occasion, often with sports of some char-

acter and sometimes with a program in-

cluding a speaker of note who is secured

for the occasion. It is probable, how-

ever,” that so far as stimulating interest

in the Club is concerned, particularly

among the young people whom it is es—

pecially desirable to attract to them-

ganization, that Seasonable sports are

superior to any other feature which might

be added to the program. Everywhere

the national game of baseball finds its

patrons among the young people of the

country and there is no better drawing

card for an occasion of this kind than a

well matched game of baseball by the

young people of the different Farmers’

Clubs. In many sections other sports are

also placed on the picnic program. It

matters little, however, what the plan

followed so long as the desired results of

interesting the young people are at-

tained.



Unless the young people are in some

way interested in the Work of the Farm—

ers' Clubs it is with difficulty that the or-

ganization can be. maintained upon a

sound basis for more than a single gen-

eration, as many of the older Clubs in

the state have learned. “'hile planning

for the Summer picnic it will be just as

easy to add some feature which will be

of particular interest to the young people

and this phase of the work should not be

neglected in any organization. As soon

as the plans for the summer picnic are

made, corresponding secretaries are re—

quested to notify the Michigan Farmer in

order that a notice of the date and place

of the meeting, together with an indica-

tion of the character of the program may

be published in this department.





 





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





DO Not Favor Soil Expert—The month-

ly meeting of the Assyria Furmers' Club

convened at the very pleasant farm home

of Mr. and Mrs. Roy Moore, Saturday.

May 24. On account of the lateness of

the hour no forenoon session was held.

After the most excellent dinner. of which

about 80 partook, the Club was called to

order and sang, "Our Flag.” Several

recitations and musical numbers were

given, one being a male quartette, “The

Bulldog 0n the Bank,” being given by

four 'young men. “Does Barry County

need a soil expert?” was the topic for

the afternoon, led by LOuis Norton. The

idea of a soil expert is fathered and

financed by the consumer, with the one

main object of increasing soil production

to such an extent that the cost of living

might be lowered. The time is rapidly

approaching when the voice of the Farm-

ers' Club and the Grange will not rep-

reSent the country communities. City

people, or the consumers, are being per~

mitted to join these organizations and

even form them of themselves, which

means in time they will have the con-

trolling voice. Everyone must study his

or her own farm and by so doing he will

meet with better results than could be

brought by a college educated stranger.

This topic was thoroughly discussed by

several members and visitors of the Club.

The next meeting will convene with Mr.

and Mrs. Harry Mayo, Saturday, June 28.

—-Ruth E. Cargo, Reporter.



Hold Union Plcnlc July 4.—Peach Grove

Farmers’ Club. of Kent county, met at

the home of Mr. and Mrs. John Jelly.

Saturday, May 24, with 50 present. The

Club decided to hold a picnic, with the

North Grand Rapids Experiment and Im-

provement Association. in Richardson’s

Grove, on the banks of Grand River. on

July 4. After the business meeting a.





literary program of songs, recitations and

readings was given. The question of

marketing fruit was discussed. The lead-

ing thought brought out seemed to be

that of selling through the medium of

an association, having all the fruit um-

formly sorted and packed. Some thought

that would do for the large grower but

they did not think it would help the small

grower, only as it would give him more

chance on the local market. Some speak-

ers thought it would be a success with

apples and like fruits but not with

peaches. The idea seems to be growing





among farmers that the way to market





is by organizing and selling direct to the

consumer instead of to the middleman.

In the literary part of the meeting we

try to 'get the young people to do as

much as possible—M. G. Finch, Cor.

Sec.



In Humorous Vein.—The County Line

Farmer’s Club was very pleasantly en-

tertained in May by Mr. and Mrs. Mar~

tin Cole. The question for debate was.

ReSolved, That a good natured slovenly

woman is preferable to live with than a

neat scold. Mr. Tribe and Mr. Clark were

the leaders, Mr. Tribe having the affirma-

tive. did himself proud. Mr. Clark being

absent none of the other men cared to

defend the neat scold. The question box

brought out several interesting topics. The

question was quite thoroughly discussed.



Milk Inspections—The Salem Farmers'

Club held its April meeting at the Town

Hall. The feature of the day was an

address by Inspector Krehl. of Detroit.

on the subject of “Pure Milk." He gave

the dairy farmer much valuable instruc-

tion as to how to obtain this necessity of

life; told them of the best equipment, so

far as sanitary burns were concerned.

Said, also, the hem equipment may be

spoiled by poor methods. Cleanliness and

care must accompany all the methods of

obtaining and caring for the milk; equip-

ment was 40 points of success—but meth-

ods were 60 pointS. Said the reason so

much care must be taken with the milk

supply, especially in the. cities, was be-

cause it is the food of infants. Instruc-

tionszare also sent to the houses in the

city to instruct mothers how to care for

the milk after it reaches them. He also

said that whereas the former death rate

among infants had been one-third of all

the mortality, it was now reduced to only

one-sixth. This was an important and

helpful meeting.



Agricultural Toplcs.——The May meeting

of the Club was held at the pleasant and

commodious home of Mr. and Mrs. Walter

Bourns. This being the first meeting

held with. Mr. and Mrs. Bourns, an ef-

fort was made to make it a successful

one. and a very pleasant company gath-

ered to enjoy the social hour and the

best of dinners, after whichan interest—

ing program was given. Robert Ross

gave a chapter from his own experience

on “Homesteading in Florida.” This was

much enjoyed. A select reading on “The

Best Things," was given by Mrs. Anna

Thompson. The subject of how to get

a good catch of clover was discussed

freely. Herbert Smith thinks there is no

way like the old way of sowing in the

Spring with oats and using some com—

mercial fertilizer. The subject was dis-

cussed. “Will it pay us to have a man

come from M. A. C. to test the soil in

our fields?" Closed with music. The

June meeting will be held with Mr. and

Mrs. Sylvester AtchinSon.—H. C. T., Re-

porter.



Musical and Literary Fragrant—Cores-

co Farmers’ Club was right royally en-

tertained Mny 28 by Mr. and Mrs. Julius

Crosby and their daughter, Hazel, at their

beautiful home, the dinner being served

on their spacious lawn under the fine old

trees. Following invocation by the Rev.

Phelps, of Battle Creek, 100 members and

guests partook of the bountiful repnst.

The program for the afternoon was open-

cd by the Club singing “America," and

prayer by Rev. George Born, of Battle

Creek. A penny collection was taken.

which supplies funds for floral gifts to

Our sick members. "l‘hcn buglc calls by

Mr. Arms, interpreted by Hazll Crosby,

written by Mrs. Baldwin for the D. A.

H, were fine. The company wene well

entertained by music, both vocal and

instrumcntal, and several good litcrary

selections. There was no question dis-

cussed, but a short address by ltcv.





Phelps about missionary work, and a

few remarks from Rev. George Born.

who gaVo us “if," by Rudyard Kipling.





finished our program. Club then adjourn-

ed to meet June 25, in Marshall, with Mr.

and MM. Joseph Cunningham.——Mrs, R.

M. King, Cor. Sec.





CATALOG NOTICE—S.





 





The “Beetle” Potato Duster, a horse

machine for applying dry Paris green and

dry Bordeaux mixture to potatoes, and

Leggctl’s “Champion" Insecticide DuSter,

a hand machine for farm. vineyard. gar-

den or field use, are described in litera-

ture sent upon request by Leggett &

Bro., 301 Pearl St., New York.



The Imperishable Silo, manufactured

from vitrified hollow clay blocks, is fully

illustrated and described in a 50-page

booklet sent upon request by the Na-

tional Fireproofing Co., of Pittsburgh, Pa.

In it are shown all the details in the con-

struction of this silo which is so well

described by its name. In addition it.

shows a large number of silos in many

states and has many articles on the prof-

itable use of silage in feeding operations.

Write for a copy of this booklet, men-

tioning the Michigan Farmer.



“Farm Weeds and Farm Sanitation."

is the title of a pamphlet published by

the American Steel & Wire 00., 72 West

Adams street, Chicago. Ill. This book is

a treatise on the use of sulphate of iron

in farm sanitation, which includes the

eradication of weeds by spraying with

this chemical, the prevention of hog

losses through warding off diseases by

its use and the lessening of the fly nui-

sance by proper sanitation.
Name





State





 





Km n—“ID—_—-——





Let Me Pay the





 





Drawn Fxprrnlr for

Monty/mini [Var/1 éf' Co.

by Harry [lull





 





Cut out this coupon, sign and send it today to





Montgomery Ward & Company





Dept. Xell Chicago





Kansas City , Ft. Worth, Texas





(IVt have iriablirhpd in carh of above (mien. Send to paint mars." you.)





I would like to receive and look over your New Catalogue. Send me a copy without any cost





or obligation on my part.





TOWn





R. F. D.





 





 





 

 





 





Henry Hutt, whose beauti-

ful cover designs you have

seen on leading publications

such as The Ladies’ Home

Journal, Life, The Satur-

day Evening Post and other

national magazines, was

asked to give his idea of the

message of Montgomery

Ward & Company’s new

Catalogue. He said “I be-

lieve more young couples‘ha've been

able to start on their ‘honeymoons,

relieved of care throng the savings

made by 'buying through Mont-

gomery Ward & Co.’s Catalogue

than you can ever realize.”





So we commissioned Mr. Hutt to

convey this message to you because

we knew he was right.





Naturally the birds who are build-

ing their nests have no time to talk

about how they are doing it.





In after years many a contented young

couple write us saying how impossible

it would have been to spread out their

little available cash if they had not been

able to buy the furnishings of their new





homes so economically through the\





Ward Catalogue.





That is part of the joy of this great





business—but it is not confined to the

young people.





Both old and young are realizing more

day by day how much better it is to

conserve their dollars by buying in the

modern way through Bargaintown’s

great text ’book—‘our new Catalogue of

1000 pages.





Have you seen a copy of this great

book? Have you studied the hundred

thousand articles graphically pictured

and truthfully described.





If not, there is a copy waiting for you.

And it will be sent without a cent of

expense—except the cost of the stamp

spent in writing to us.





Simply sign the coupon on this page

and send it to us now.





This will be no obligation on your part

—except to look through its pages.





0 n Phelps’ 19135th Hickory Book 33.133332;l:':';:'°e:.:',:.°.el;:::‘:: Bifii’ififil‘ildéii‘i’ifi'}???'





 





Phelps‘ new book is a wonder. Grandest buggy salesman

ever sent out—biggest money saver you ever saw. Takes





the place of dealers. jobbers, travelers and other middle- “340011 just the vehicle YO}! other folks bought Split Hiclrory after 30 Days Free Road Test



men. Shows more fine buggies, surrles. phaetons, carriages. want. Le‘ my book prove It and? Years Guarantee. Don t you want the Phelps Book? Its

ELPS the best guide you can get, even if you buy elsewhere. It



will show you what’s what in vehicles and harness and





Just mail a postal-Phelps pays the





 





 





runabouts, carts; spring wagons and harness. than you to YOII- H- -

flan {in}? in 25 retail dealersbstoires iand quot? 1lowe; prices h

an t ey pay even when uy ng‘ 11 car— 0a ots or spot cas . .

Proves by actual photographs. that Split Hickory quality is years ahead. postage to you—and the book comes’by return mail—all free. Address





H. C. PHELPS, Pres. The OHIO CARRIAGE MANUFACTURING CO., Sta. 32 . COLUMBUS, O.





l‘ .-





 





 





 





Book shows many features not found in any other line of «a j

My 1913 prices save you $25 vehicles—tells why Phelps saves you $25 to $40. and why 167,000 ‘W‘ :3

A





tells you the right price to pay.





. 1





,,I/





eon