“a..." ,4 [all 753115 E / '///././?/’//Ir' //' g} W/z/W /,, _\\§\\ 9 :>~\\\ s?“ a. 6, 7 Q / ' ///// iii/’- The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State. VOL. CXLI. No. 3. i Whole Number 3652. ture, alaw for the control of the sale of» agricultural seeds now in effect, Act 389 of the Public, Aets of‘1909, was repealed and an entirely new law passed in its stead which will go into effect August 15. In view of the rather radical change in the requirements, it is desirable that all farmers as well as seed dealers, should study the provisions of the law. carefully in order to prepare themselves to be able to comply with its provisions. In order that they may -do so, the law is given below in full: Section 1. .For the purposes of this act, agricultural seeds are defined as the seeds of alfalfa, barley, Canadian blue grass, Kentucky blue grass, brome (awnless) grass, buckwheat, alsike' clover, crimson clover, red clover, white clover, field corn, Kaflin, corn, meadow fescue, flax, millet, oats, orchard grass, rape, red-top, rye, sorghum, timothy and wheat which are to be used for sowing or seeding purposes. Section 2. Every lot of agricultural seed as defined in section one of this act, which is offered or exposed for sale with-- in this state for seeding purposes in this state in lots of eight ounces or more, shall be ac— companied by a plainly written or printed statement in the English lan- guage stating, ex- cept where agricul-’ tural seed, as de- fined in section one of this act, is sold at retail from the‘ original package, and said original package being marked in accord- ance with the pro— visions of this act: 1. Name of ag- ricultural seed. 2. Name and ad- dress of person selling or offering for sale such seed. 3. The approxi- mate percentage by weight of purity or a T the recent session of the Legisla- freedom of such seed from foreign matter or from other seeds distin- guishable by their appearance. 4. The approxi- mate percentage by weight of contami- nation, specifying by name each kind present in greater proportion t h a n one per cent by weight of whole. Section 3. The Seeds of quack grass (Agropyron repens). Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense), clover and alfalfa dodder (Cuscuta epithymum) and field dodder (Cuscuta arvensis),,are hereby defined as noxious weed seeds. No person or persons, firm or corporation, shall by himself, his agent or representa- tive of any other person, firm or corpor- ation, offer or expose for sale or distri- bution for seeding purposes in this state, or sow or' cause to be sown in this state any agricultural seeds defined invsection. one of this act, containing a greater amount or ~proportion than one seed of anyor all 'of said noxious weeds to two thousand seeds of thervariety of agricul~ tural~ Seed 'sown, offered 'or exposed for sale; ' ' - » - Section 4. The percentageof purity of agricultural seeds requiredunder section @232" DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, JULY 19, 1913. The New Seed Law two of this act shall be based upon a test or analysis conducted either by the State Board of Agriculture or its em- ploye-s, or by the vendor of the agricul- tural seeds or his agents: Provided, That such test or analysis made by the vendor or, his agents, shall conform to the rea- sonable regulations which id board is hereby authorized and directed to pre- scribe or shall conform to the reasonable regulations or methods oftesting adopted or used by the Association of Official Seed Analysts Or the United States Depart- ment of Agriculture. Section 5. “'hoever buys or sells or sows agricultural seedS, defined in section one of this act for use in this state. for seeding purposes, may submit his sam- ples of such seeds to the State Board of Agriculture for examination and test of purity, and said Board of Agriculture shall cause such examination to be made or taken-in the presence of the vendoror parties in interest, or his or their agents or representatives, and shall be taken from a parcel, lot or number of parcels, which shall not be less than ten per cent of the whole lot inspected, and shall be thoroughly mixed and then divided into two samples and placed in containers, carefully sealed, and label placed on each container stating the name of the agri- cultural seed sampled, the name of the vendor and the date and place of taking such samples, and said labels shall be signed by said State Board of Agricul- ture or its agents; or said samples may be taken in the presence of two disinter- ested witnesses if the vendor or party in interest fails or refuses to be present when notified. One of said duplicate sam- ples shall be left with or on the prem- ise-s of the vendor or party in interest and the other retained by the State Board ‘ minimum r. . mi as promptly as possible and reported to the sender. For tests of purity, said board shall charge a fee of twenty-five cents for the examination of each sam- ple, which fee shall be payable in ad- vance. All moneys received as'such fees shall be paid to the State Board of Ag- riculture. . Section 6. The enforcement of this act shall be entrusted to theState Board of Agriculture, _Which is hereby authorized to appoint such inspectors, assistants and deputies as may be necessaryxto enforce “this act and is authorized in person or by its inspectorsror assistants. ,to take for analysis, .«paying the_« reasonable purchase price, a sample not exceeding four ounces in weight, from any lot of agricultural seeds offered or‘exposed for sale: Pro- vided, That saidrsample shall be drawn Officers of the State Agricultural Society, who Will Direct the State Fair at Detroit, Sept. 15-20. of Agriculture for analysis and compar- ison with the label required by section two of this act. Section 7. Tile provisions of this act shall not apply to: First, any person selling agricultural seeds direct to seed merchants or shipping to a general mar- ket to be cleaned or graded before being offered or exposed for sale for seeding purposes: , Second, agricultural see-d which is held in Storage for the purpose of being cleaned; . K Third, agricultural seed marked “not cleaned,” and held or sold for shipment outside the state only. " _ ' Section 8. .Whoever sells, offers or ex- poSes for sale within this state any agri- cultural seeds defined in section one of this act, without complying with the re-. ,clude 50 CENTS A YEAR. , $2 FOR 5 YEARS. quirements of sections two and three of this act, or whoever falsely marks or la- bels any agricultural seeds under Section two of this act, or Whoever shall prevent the State Board of Agriculturevor its duly authorized agents from inspecting said seeds and collecting samples as provided in section six of this act, or whoever shall otherwise violate this act shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon con- viction shall be lined not more than one hundred dollars: Provided. however, That no prosecution for violation of this act shall be instituted except in the following manner: \Vhen the State Board of Ag- riculture believes, or has reason to be- lieve, that any person has violated any of the provisions of sections two, three and eight of this act, it shall cause notice of such fact, together with full specifica- tions of the act or omission constituting the violation, to be given to said person, who, either in person or by agent or at- torney, shall have the right, under such reasonable rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the. said State Board of Agriculture, to appear before said board and introduce evidence, and said hearing shall be private. 11‘ after said hearing or without such hear- ing, in case said person fails or re- fuses to appear, said State Board of Agriculture shall decide and decree that any or all of said specifications have been provcn to its satisfaction,. it may, at its dis- . cretion, so certify, to the proper pros- ecuting attorney l and request him to prosecute said per- son according to law for violation of this act, transmitting with said certificate :1 copy of the spec— ifications and such other evidence as shall be deemed necessary and prop- cr, whereupon said prosecuting attor- ney shall prosecute said person accord- ing to law. Section 9. There- sults of the analy- sis and tests of seed made by the State Board of Ag- riculture may, at its discretion be pub- lished in its reports. Section 10. The necessary expenses incurred in carrying out the provisions of this act shall be certified by the secre- tary of the State Board of Agriculture to the auditor general, who shall there- upon issue his warrant upon the state treasurer for the payment thereof, but‘ the total amount so paid in any one fis- cal year shall not exceed two thousand dollars. Section 11. The words "pers0ns," “vendor” and “party in interest” and “whoever," as uSed in this act, shall be construed to import both plural and sin- gular as the case demands, and shall in- corporations, companies, societies and associations. , . Section 12.» Act-number, two hundred: eighty-nine of the 'Public,Acts of nine- teen.l_iundred nine, and allggacts-or parts: 1 , . . 4 , I . . onsets; inconsistent; ».with'-‘ thee-provisions % 46—2 of this act are hereby repealed. In commenting upon the law, I would call attention to the following points: The carrying out of the law has been put into the hands of the State Board of Agricul- ture, as has been done also for the fer- tilizer and insecticide laws. This board has officially directed the botany depart- ment to take charge of the carrying out of the law and other provisions of the Act, and has provided for the appoint- ment of a seed analyst who will assume his duties August 15, or as soon there- after as possible. 'It will be noted that the analyses of samples of seeds are not to be made gratis any longer as there is a provision in the law that requires the payment of twenty-five cents for each sample of seed analyzed. Germination tests will only be made in very special cases as they can mostly be made with almost as satisfactory results by seed dealers and farmers themselves. The most important point to be consid- ered in the law is that only three or four kinds of seeds are mentioned as forbid— den, viz. Quack grass. Canada thistle and the two kinds of dodder. The pro- visions that they shall not be present more than one seed in two thousand means simply that not more than one seed shall be present in about the stan- dard sized sample that is used in making seed analyses. It must be understood that in the making of the seed analyses, it is impossible to examine all seeds in a sack or container. Accordingly, a sam- ple taken representing as nearly as possible, the average of the whole lot. It is carefully mixed and then a certain standard amount (this amount varying with the Size of the seed and being the same for any one kind of official seed an- alyzed) is taken and carefully separated into its constituents. If none of these seeds are found in such a sample, it does not necessarily mean that none of these forbidden seeds are present in the whole lot but it will be clear to my readers, I am sure, that whereas the analysis of hundreds, or even thousands, of samples might be possible, yet to attempt to ex- amine hundreds or thousands of large Sacks of Seeds, would be absolutely im- possible. At the express desire of cer- tain members of the legislature and other parties. the bill has passed prohibiting DOt only the selling of seed that contains these foul seeds but also the planting of seed for it is manifestly very illogical to forbid the seed dealer to sell such seed on the ground that he may thus assist in the spread of bad weeds while at the Same time, the farmer who has grown such seed and who cannot sell it, would be allowed to plant it and thus infest the neighborhood more than ever. In is addition to forbidding the presence of these seeds in amounts easily detectable by analySis, the law protects the buyer by requiring that every lot of seeds of one—half a pound or more shall be ac- companied by a label which gives the name of the seed, the name and address of the dealer, the approximate percentage of purity, and last, but not least, the percentage of impurities of all kinds that exceed one per cent. It is then for the buyer to deside when he has examined the label, whether he wishes to buy such seed that contains other weed seeds or not, the amount of these, when present. over one per cent being indicated on the label. It is an improvement over the present seed law where these seeds, in— cluding the four mentioned above, are permitted to the extent of two per cent and even then do not need to be adver- tised on the label. if a man, seeing that a sample of seed contains two per cent of buckhorn, (the amount allowed by the old law), still insists upon buying that seed, he does it at leaSt with his eyes open, although I cannot praise his judg- ment very highly. Aside from these first few paragraphs of the bill, the remainder is concerned particularly with methods of taking samples. methods of making analyses and of prosecuting violators of the law, points which do not concern the buyer of seeds, although they concern, in a very important way, the seller of seeds that do not conform to the law. Producers are taken care of in this law in that seed that is being held for the purpose of being cleaned before it is marketed or that is held in storage to be shipped outside of the state, is not sub— ject to the provisions of this law. This law is intended only to apply to seed that is to be planted in the state or that is sold or offered for sale within the state -for planting purposes. It is hoped that this law‘ will do away with that great .Swindl‘e perpetuated, unknowingly, 'It'be- lieve. by almost all departm'ent‘stores in this state, ..vix: that of selling trash aid- weedseeds at ten, or even five, cents T H E. M ion to. for""1'4“or 15Lounce‘ packages of whaus alleged 'to be layvn seed. When good Kentucky bluegrass (June grass) seed is selling at 25 to*30 cents a pound and white clover at 50 cents a pound. it is ridiculous to suppose that a package weighing almost one pound can be pre- pared and sold .for 10 cents or even five. cents and still contain good lawn grass, and yet there «are thousands of innocent buyers of lawn grass seed who invest in these packages of chaff and weeds every year and then wonder why they either get no 'crop at all or a crop of weeds. In the old law the limit of weight that could come under the ban of the law was one pound. Under the new! law, it will be eight ounces, which will neces- sitate the putting up of this trash in very small packages indeed if they wish to escape prosecution. In closing, I would seed after the 15th upon any lot of seed with suspicion that does not have a label on it conforming to the provisions of the law. It is not nec- essary that the label be a fancy printed label, but it must at least be legible and conform to the requirements of the law. If a man does not put such a lhbel on his seed that ought to be prima facie evidence that he is selling poor seed. Mich. Ag. Col. ERNST A. BESSEY. urge the buyers of of August to look FARM NOTES. The Corn Worm. I am sending you under separate cover several worms and some corn tassels in which they have been working. Are they the same that work in the corn ear 3. little later in the season, commencing at the tip and eating their way down to base of car? They are sometimes quite troublesome and I have found them when husking in the field. In Florida I have known them to practically destroy the crop. I am told by some that they are the cotton boll worm. Hillsdale CO. C. \l'. L. The specimen enclosed is undoubtedly the same worm which works in the silk and ears of corn later in the season, ordinarily known as the corn worm, throughout the corn growing states. It is, however, the same that is known as the boll worm when found upon cotton, and in some sections where it works in tomatoes it is called the tomato worm. When full grown this Worm is about one and one-half inches long, varying in color from pale green to dark brown, with longitudinal stripes of a darker shade of the same color. In the south there are as many as five broods of this insect during a single season and in lat- itudes as far north as southern Michigan there are as many as three. The eggs of the first brood are laid upon the leaves of the corn or sometimes upon the tassel upon which they feed. Some of the leaves enclosed with this specimen as well as the tassel have been fed upon, having many small irregular holes eaten through them, giving them a ragged appearance. The eggs for the later brood are laid on the silk, which they feed upon when hatched and later work upon the kernels. Later in the fall the full grown worms leave the ears and go into the ground to 'undergo the trans- formation to the matured' moth. while those not fully matured die and decay in their burrows, thus damaging the corn to some extent. The insect however, is not sufficiently plentiful in Michigan to make it a pest, except perhaps in garden patches of sweet corn, where hand-picking is about the only remedy. Our, system of rotatiori of crops prevents their becoming a ser- ious pest in field corn. Eradicating Canada Thistles. What is the best method of destroying Canada thistles which have become so generally distributed and little effort is made to destroy them? Hillsdale Co. E. C. S. The basic principle which must be em- DlOyed in the eradication of Canada this- tles is to keep them from producing any tops above ground. If this is done for a sufficient length of time the thistles must die, as without leaves throngh which to elaborate plant food they cannot live. The particular method by which this is done will depend upon the circumstances as to the extent of infested area, the ro- tations practiced on the farm, etc. Where very badly infested it may be necessary to resort to summer fallowing. Here re- sults can be gotten in different ways, but perhaps the eradication of the pest can be accomplished with least labor by the use of thistle sweeps on the cultivator, 'which will cut off the shoots just below the surface ,of the ground. "Another method advised by the Wis~ 'co‘nsin’ station is several successive plow- ing. which break: up the cross roots or "stalks-of the thistles, with cuitivations between. Where it is desired to grows. ‘A N .F A R7 M E. a- crop and eradicate thistles at the. same time, the ground should be plowed in the summer or autumn, as soon as the former Crop is removed, and then culti- vation practiced until the ground freezes. The next spring the ground should be again plowed, then cultivated thoroughly- until about the first of July. when it can be sown to millet or buckwheat, and thus obviate the necessity of letting the land lie fallow for an entire season with- out producing any crop. Or, if planted to corn or some other hoed crop, the thistle sweeps may be used in cultivation and the remainder of the plants kept down by hand-hoeing. Where the thistles appear only in small areas they can be covered with tarred paper and smothered out. Another method of eradicating thistles and at the same time securing a greater profit from the land is to manure the ground well and plow either late in the fall or early spring. Then give thorough .cultivation until midsummer and seed to alfalfa. Th‘e discouragement which the thistles will have received from the thorOugh cultivation the subsequent fre- quent cutting; as successinve crops of alfalfa hay are harvested during the sea- son, will effectually kill out Canadian thistles. This method has been tried by several members of the Wisconsin Ex- periment Association with entire success. Where only a few thistles appear in Scattered patches they can be cut off be- low the surface of the ground when in bloom and salt applied, or gasoline. crude carbolic acid, or a coal tar dip applied will effectually kill them. The methOd employed should, of course, depend upon local conditions, but the man who at- tempts to eradicate Canadian thistles or other similarly persistent weeds should appreciate the task that he has no easy task ahead of him and only per- sistence will bring success. Too often a campaign for the eradication of such pests is abandoned when success is al- ready in sight because the average farm- er is looking for too easy a method to secure the desired results. Cowpeas as a Catch Crop in Corn. Will cowpezis planted in the last culti— vation of corn make sufficient growth to pay to plant for fertilizer to plow under for oats? Van Buren Co. L. G. This method of using cowpeas for soil improvement is very generally followed in the south where the cowpeas are sown at the last cultivation of corn, either broadcast or, as is more generally prac- ticed, in rows rather close to the corn rows. In Michigan, however, the propo- sition would. in the writer's opinion, be a rather uncertain one, since. the cow- peas could not be expected to make a large growth while shaded by the corn and in most seasons killing frosts come almost as soon as the corn is cut. if conditions were very favorable for the quick germination and rapid growth of the young plants. profitable results might be secured and it w0u1d at least be an interesting experiment to try it out on a. small scale, using rye or rape or some other dependable cover crop on the bal- ance of the area. :7 THE DUST MULCH. If one turns over a board or scrapes away some straw lying upon the ground, the ground is seen to'be moist while the surrounding, exposed ground may be dry. If one scatters straw upon dry ground, it will be found in a few days that the dry ground has become moist. The up- per few inches of surface will be seen to have accumulated moisture. This mois- ture would have been given up to the air and thus lost to the soil had not the straw been applied. A layer of dry soil acts in the same way when applied to land. It is plain that this layer of dry soil can be applied to the land from the land itself, by the use of suitable ma- chinery. The dirt mulch can be applied with but little cost and because of this, and because it saves the moisture so well, it becomes of incalculable value to cultivated crops. After a heavy rain one observes the soil in the garden or in the corn field to .be packed and hard; by running over the ground with a cultivator, the packed soil is broken and a mulch is eStablished. The formation of the mulch prevents in great 'measure the loss of moisture. The loss of moisture is prevented by the stowage ‘of the capillary movement of water. It ‘would be much -the same if one were to cut off a lamp wick and fasten the two out ends by wires. Oil would not pass {-from one part of the wick to another. ~~Forming o. mulch on land. does not on- tirely prevent the loss of moisture but -; ""5 ' ' ’ JULY-19, 1913. the moisturesaved may amount to 50 per cent or even conSiderably more. There are several conditions that affect the dirt mulch. The deeper soil mulch'is the more effective but the deep soil mulch 'is mOre expensive to make and the deeper the mulch the more fertile soil there is . lost for the plants. A soil mulch becomes poorer with age and so it may have to be renewed occasionally. This is especial- ly true if a rain should come. Dirt mulches can be better made when the soil is .moist. N. D. Ex. Sta. L. R. WALDRON. LILLIE FARMSTEAD NOTES. As I stated in last week’s notes, I have seeded the ground where we raised early peas for the canning factory to soy beans and alfalfa. I was a little bit afraid the season was so dry that there would not be moisture enough so that either would germinate. While it is too early yet to know whether the alfalfa will germinate or not, the soy beans have germinated and are coming up. This gives a wonderful object lesson in the question of soil moisture. This ground, of courSe, was fall plowed. was harrowed this spring and' put into peas, The peas were put into drills 28 inches apart and were cultivated two or three times to conserve moisture and kill the weeds. Then they were harvested with a common bean puller. “’e had a little shower of rain just before it was time to harvest the peas. Then, by harvest- ing with the bean harvester we not only cut off‘ the peas but we stirred up'the surface of the soil and prevented evap— oration. After the peas were harvested we prepared the land by going over it with a disk harrow, and sowed the soy beans and there was moisture enough. which almost entirely came from the subsoil moisture, or moisture by‘capillary attraction, for these beans to germinate. They are coming up nicely. Another nice little shower of rain yesterday afternoon, July 8, will start this crop in very good shape indeed. I don’t think there is any question but what we will get a crop of soy beans for forage. It may be that it is so late that they will not mature so that we could harvest them for seed, but I do not care particularly about this if I can only get a crop of forage to mix with the corn to go into the silo. I have an idea that the alfalfa will also germinate and come along now on this field. If this is a fact then it is worth consider- ing. To raise a crop of early peas and then raise a forage crop afterwards is raising two crops in one season. The peas, if they do well, are considered a. profitable crop by many people who grow them, then if we can get a forage crop after that why this will be clear gain and will add to the sum total production of the farm and ought to add to the profit of it. ' - Wheat Harvest. This year again the wheat harvest has come on rapidly and the wheat must be out before we can finish the haying. I do not like this, I like to have the haying all done before we begin harvesting wheat, but it can't be helped. The hay is too ripe and we will lose some in qual- ity. but this is the case many times with the farmer. “'e must know what ought to bevdone and when it ought to be done, and we must do it at that time as near as we can, but many times We cannot do things just when they ought to be done. and then it is simply a. question of choosing the 'thing that should be done first. Hay will not deteriorate in value by standing a few days as‘much as a. field of wheat. The wheat will shell badly and we will lose there, and so the only thing to do is to let the hay stand and get the Wheat in shocks where it will not deteriorate any farther, and cut the hay afterwards. Our wheat has short straw this year, stands up nicely, is not overly thick on the ground, not overly large heads, but they are exceedingly well filled with a nice plump berry. It is going to yield well for the straw. The Hay Crop. Our hay crop is just a fair crop this year. The cold weather and the lack of moisture prevent e clover from grow- ing as tall as usual. One 20-acre field of clover which we have harvested yield- ed 33 loads of hay, fair-sizedloads Many times we have had 45 and 50 loads from the same area. and yet when We have had these larger yields it has always been on the old home farm, and this is 'on a fie-id away from the farm. The quality of the hay, \however. is excellent. We got it all in without getting wet and we got. this out just about the right stage of maturity'to make an excellent quality ~ of hay. 001.61»: C. LILLm. JULY 19, 1913. C AN EXPERIMENT WITH CEMENT FOR GRANARY FLOOR. As I noticed the question asked in your paper if cement is good for a granary floor, and as I have had some experience in this 'line, would like to explain through your columns what I did in regard to building a granary floor of cement, hop- ing it may save someone a good number of bushels of this hard-earned grain. In the first place I built a wall two feet high out of‘stone and concrete and filled in the center with stone and gravel up level with the top of the wall, then I put my concrete floor on this, so my floor was over two feet above the sur- face, which I thought would keep the moisture from drawing up to the grain. Before 1 put grain on this floor I let it get thoroughly dry, leaving the window open about six weeks.’ The grain kept good until hot weather camethe next year, and then the ce- ment commenced to steam and the grain to rot. I then furred this floor with wood strips; and laid a good matched floor on them. This gave an air space between the cement and grain and it is now prov- ing entirely satisfactory. I censider this a good way to build a granary floor as it is mouSe and rat proof and will never break down with the heavy weight of grain which is put upon it. Macomb Co. F. GROUT. HOW TO PRODUCE GOOD SEED POTATOES. During the ten years from 1901 to'1910, inclusive, the average yield of potatoes of both Germany and Great Britain was approximately 200 bushels—that of the United States not quite 93 buShels. Of the many causes which operate to pro— duce a low average potato yield in this country, poor seed, according to officials of the Department of Agriculture, is an important one. The American potato grower pays too little attention to his seed potatoes. The European growers, eSpecially those of Great Britain and Germany, pay very strict attention to the quality and quantity of seed they use. The question of what constitutes good seed is a. vital_ one, and possibly no two persons would fully agree in every par- ticular upon this point. According to William Stuart, of the Department of Agriculture, in Farmers’ Bulletin 533 on “Good Seed Potatoes and how to Produce Them,” just issued, the following factors play an important role: Pure seed from productive plants, not over-ripe, uniform in size and shape, firm and sound, with first sprouts just showing at planting time. Seed of such quality if furnished suitable cultural conditions will seldom fail to produce a remunerative crop. A conservative estimate of the increase that might be expected from the use of high-grade seed is certainly not less than 10 per cent. Such an increase based on the average of the past five years would amount to over thirty-four and one- fourth million bushels, having an approx- imate value of $21,000,000. Just _as an instance of the value of good seed potatoes, may be cited the case of T. E, Martin, of New York. Mr. Martin maintains a seed-selection plat from which all weak or imperfect plants are rigidly removed. At harvesting time the crop from the selection plat is sorted into two grades, “specials” and “selects.” The specials must weigh not less than 12 ounces each, must have Well-deVeloped Seed and stem ends, and, furthermore, muSt be true representatives of the va- riety grown, which is exclusively the Sir Walter Raleigh. The specials are used to plant the seed plat the ensuing seaSOn and the selects to plant the general field crop. The average production on an 18-acre basis for the past nine years has been 282 bushels per acre. The highest seasonal yield during this period was 417 bushels, and the lowest 233 bushels. These yields are being secured in a lo- cality where the general average is ap- proximately 150 buShels per acre. By far the simplest and most promis- ing means of developing high-grade seed potatoes is that of the tuber-unit and hill-selection methods. In the former a selection is made of well—formed and per- fect potatoes from the seed bin before planting time. These are quartered as dropped, a little space being left between each set of four, so that the grower can readily observe any variation in vigor and uniformity between the various units as planted. By marking those which ap- pear to be uniform in size, vigor, and type when the plants are still in vigorous growth the firststep in selection has been accOmplished. At digging time the product of each unit is separately har- vested, and a further selection made from the market units for size, shape and smoothness. These selected tubers should be numbered with both field and unit numbers, and separately placed in small sacks of cotton or burlap. The final ex- amination should consist of notes on the number and weight of merchantable tu- bers and their general size, shape and smoothness. From each of the units re- tained 10 of the best tubers should be selected. for the next season’s planting. The 10 selected tubers will give 40 plants for study the next year. The further conduct of the work will consist in the multiplication of the selected strains for field planting and the elimination of the weak plants. In the hill selection method the most promising plants are marked during the growing season and at harvesting time only those which give greatest promise are saved. Five tubers from each hill selection should be saved and planted the following season according to the tuber unit system as outlined above. All that is needed for the work is a collection of 12-inch garden labels, a small pair of balances, a sufficient number of suitable small sacks, and a safe place in which to store the selected tubers until requir- ed for the next season’s planting. XVashington, D. C. G, E. M. SPRAYI NG POTATOES. Potato growers have long realized that in seasons when blight is present spray— ing will check the blight and considerably increase the yield, but some growers have doubted that spraying is profitable on the average. Since blight does not appear every year, it is impossible to foretell it and hence determine the nec- eSsity for spraying, hence there is no reg- ular spraying in the belief that the ag— gregate gains will not repay the expense for a number of years. The 20-years’ potato-spraying experiments of the Ver- mont Experiment Station recently com- pleted answer the question as to the profitableness of spraying potatoes regu- larly in the affirmative and Show such a margin of profit therefrom that the subject should command the earnest con- sideration of all potato growers. The results of the work at the Vermont station show that Bordeaux mixture, even in years when no blight occurs, increases the yield of the plants to which it is ap— plied. This increased yield is always sufficient to pay for the cost of spraying operations. Spraying is to be regarded as an insurance that pays for itself. If the blight is prevalent, the potatoes, if thoroughly sprayed, are insured against loss therefrom; if the season is a dry one and no disease occurs, still the crop will be enough larger to pay for all the cost of spraying. In the experiments it was found that while the plants themselves from the Sprayed and unsprayed fields were of approximately the same size, the weight of the tubers early in the season was 24.8 bushels per acre in favor of the potatoes to which the Bordeaux had been applied. The results with iron sulphate copper mixture showed that Bordeaux mixture in which part of the copper is replaced by iron has as great a stimulating effect as does the ordinary Bordeaux. XVhether it is as good a, fungicide has not yet been proved. The increased yields from plats where the Bordeaux mixture was applied only to part of each plant showed that even here there was a. sufficient effect produced to manifest itself in a yield of 28 bushels per acre more than that ob— tained where the plants Were not treated. YOU HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY of getting one of the beautiful six-page Michigan Farmer Wall Charts for only 30c, postpaid, if you send your order at once. It is the finest collection of charts ever put together. Contains a map of Michi- gan, showing congressional districts, coun- ties, railways, etc., the latest 1910 census of all Michigan towns, 25 colored plates, showing the anatomy of the horse, cow, sheep, hog and fowls, and giving the name and location of each organ, muscle and bone. A treatise on each animal by the best authorities, treatment of com- mon diseases of farm animals, map of the ”world. showing steamship lines, map of the United States, flags of all nations, rulers of the world. Panama canal, all our presidents, and several other features too numerous to mention. These charts have been Sold mostly for $1.00 or $1.50. They will decorate and instruct in any home or office. We offer them at this price to quickly get rid of them and after our present stock is ex- hausted no more can be had. Remember the price is only 30c, while they last. Send your order to the Michigan Farmer, Detroit, Mitch—Adv. THE MICHIGAN FAR_MER : I It is like putting money in the Bank, to USE A'A'C’ FER TILIZERS VERY bushel raised in excess of the usual crop means that much gained and gives you a great advantage over those who farm by old methods and do not feed their crops . By building up the fertility of the soil you directly make more profit and at the same time increase the value of your farm. You gain at based upon the productiveness of the soil. Land value is Therefore both ends. fertilize and increase its productiveness. There is no money in poor crops or in poor fertilizers. Good high grade fertilizers are always the most profitable to use. We furnish Banner Dissolved Bone with 34% available phosphoric acid derived entirely from animal bone, not go wrong when using them. Write us and we will tell you more. agents for unoccupied territory under our consign- ment contract. The American Agricultural Chemical Co. Dept. D Detroit Sales Department, Detroit, Mich. Potash, 20% available, 4% actual Potash, 24% total phosphoric acid. Nothing better can be had for growing wheat. years and a great deal of money to find out how to make the right kind of fertilizers for all crops, and the farmer can- also Banner Bone Fertilizer with We have spent fifty We want Saves Halfthe Cost of Ha Simple, strong durable, always in order. Does not. cut the potatoes—misses none—leaves the potatoes clean on the ground. Vines do not. interfere with the working of the - Dowden Digger. The Dowden Digger is ful- ly guaranteed — fast. clean and durable. Thousands in use all over the world. It’s the Digger that meets every demand. Catalog sent free Write us today in all soils at various depths, hillside and level. rvest Works voun now if: 5% if invested with this Society. Interest paid semi-annually. Let us have your name and address and we will tell you of the advan- tages offered by this Society which has been doing business for over twenty years. The Industrial Savings Society, 219 Hammond Bld¢., Detroit. Mich. I. ROY WATERBURY, Pres. AUSTIN N. KIMMIS. Secy, New LEHR-BEAN HARVETEHS If you are in need of a Bean Harvester now is the time to buy. Get. a Lehr and you will be well pleased. It is well built. Easy to operate and fully adjustable. Don't wait, but write today for prices. Address THE LEHR AGRICULTURAL 00., Dept. M. FREMONT, OHIO. Real Bone and Potash ' In some sections wheat growers refuse to use any other phosphate than real bone. More wheat and a better stand of clover will be secured if the bone is balanced with Potash. used the more urgent becomes th Try 200 to 400 pounds per acre of GERMAN KALI NEW YORK-42 McCormick Block, Cnfcago Bank &. Trust Bldg, Savannah a: Vllllluy Central Bank Bldg" New Orleans ; Enpln 3161.. Atlanta 25 California St. San Franclscl The longer bone has been e need of POTASH a mixture of equal parts of bone and Kainit, or one ton of bone with 300 pounds of Muriate of Potash. See'that your dealer carries Potash. If he does 4 not, write us for prices, stating amount needed, 0 . and ask for our free book, “ Full Fertilizers." WORKS, Inc. BROADWAY 48—4 The Has stood the test. tux-ed completewith doors on hinges. bent. to fit the silo. and other features Furnished in Long Leaf Yellow Pine’ and Oregon Fir Backediby 63 years' experience. Special prices to neighborhood clubs. Made and guaranteed by The B. W. Ross 00., Box 14 Springfield. 0. II is thoroughly manufac- Hoops Refrigerator type of door. explained in cstslog. To Fill Silos Big Results with Small Power “The easy running features of. the Blizzard is what recommends it to local dairyiuen," says B. C. Welter & Co.. of Appleton, Wis. Small engines operate Blizzards of cod capacity. when: latter power would be nor: ed ifan otherfiller was used. Any engine of (5 to 10 H. .)--a size convenient for the regular work, is large enough for Bi . The B LI ZZA R D Ensilage Cutter ' ‘ d the kin of feed cutters. Easy I; tileetmggmlsgn to runnfi'ilr. Hasselffecd tabla. Almost runs itself. Takes work as fast ns-you can ive it. Elevatos to any height. in any direcfion. ever gets out of whack. Knives sdxusted while in o eratiran. Absolutely safeaulén :39!" set up. ounte or unmoun . u l' dCatan . (2) Why Sil- Free BOOKS 35'33' (3) "inflict UsersSsy." Any or all are free if you’ll write. THE J03. DICK MFG. CO. 143 8 ruse-revue 8!. Canton, Ohio THE-MICHIGAN FARMER RATIONS FOR‘ FATTENING RANGE LAMBS. At the Iowa station experiments were conducted to determine the relative effi- ciency of different rations for fattening range lambs. In these experiments 216 lambs were divided into six lots of 36 each and fed for four months on different rations. The results secured, interpreted in connection with previouSIy made prac- tical tests in sheep feeding, led to the following conclusions by Prof. John M. Evvurd, of the Iowa station: “First. That broken ear corn is most efficient for fattening. lambs. This is es- pecially true for a short fattening period of from 80 to 90 days.‘ The observations upon them lambs strongly indicated that to get maximum returns from the corn fed. oneshOuld endeaVOr to “keep. the feed j'u‘s‘t ‘a little bit better than the lambs.’.'. This really .means that. one should start on whole or broken ear corn, and after a month or twa when. the lambs indicate that they desire shelled _ corn. it should be given to them largely in that form. Finally when the lambs becomeiquite fat- and one wishes to keep them 30 days or so longer, it .may be advisable to finish on corn meal. The roughness seems to affect the method of corn preparation somewhat; the results indicating that ground corn is best on silage early in the feeding game. but be- comes less efficient later in the period. Alfalfa or broken ear corn started out best. then shelled corn Seemed to be relatively more efficient and finally at the close of the experiment. the ground corn lambs forged to the front. “Second. That silage as the “lone g roughness." is not an efficient shccp fccd. Previous trials have Strongly indi- cated that dry hay should be fed along with silage to lambs. The poor showing of these silage-fed lambs clearly indicates that Silage should be supplemented with a leguminous roughage, preferably alfalfa or clover. “'hen both silage and tho clo- ver are allowed, lambs will make more rapid and cheaper gains. The mortality is also less where the combination is used. Our practical feeding studies have taught us that silage is an especially good sheep feed; but that one should be careful not to depend entirely upon silage for the roughness. ' “Third. That alfalfa is a very accept- able lamb feed. More alfalfa should be rgrown in the corn bolt. We need alfalfa in the middle west because it is the greatest leguminous forage and hay crop for our conditions; yielding heavily of a. high quality of food stuff. “Fourth. That silage-fed lambs dress high but shrink quite heavily. The high dressing is due indirectly to the loss in shipping. The probabilities are that lambs receiving both alfalfa and silage would shrink much less than where silage New Silo Book FREE- lt's full of valuable infor— mation for every farmer and stock raiser. Tells all about the special and exclusive features of the famous INDIANA SILO » Twenty-Five Thousand in use. Write and learn why it is best and cheapest and get our New Silo Book Fm. INDIANA SILO COMPANY The largest makers of Silos in the world. Address nearest factory: 582 also Bld¢., Anderson, Ind. 5622 ndionsBldg., Des Moinss, lo. 582 Silo Bldg, Kansas City, Mo. Will Send us your name and ad- dress at once for our copy. earn about the si 0 door you can open and close _with one . am. Most convenient, and safest. Lets you keep silo door closed airtight protecting your n silage all year around. i The Hinge Door (Copyrighted) I and Lansing Silos 3 .Your choice odf two famous es. nge ladder~all steel 3°o§rbim circulating: guy—Billet steel hoopl- z I amt-es. - *Cetslogtellsnll. at: ' ‘ W Gen dOflasLincqlnmeb. "' ‘W‘ I ville. In. ‘ M1 mun. M n fun-.111. . Tomwik' . m, on 533mm. the Dept; 15 NW oz. 4 = I mmmsmuco. '\. is given alone.” THE STABLE FLY. A few years ago Dr. L. 0. Howard. Entomologist of the Department of Ag- riculture, startled the world with hissin- nounccmcnt that the common housefly should be renamed the “typhoid fly." be- cause it was one of the main causes of typhoid chcr in that it carried the dis- eaSc. from the sick to the Well. Now the Dcpartment of Agriculture is about to issue as Farmers' Bulletin 540 :1 report on the stable fly, by F. C. Bish- op of the Bureau of Entomology. Dr. Howard in transmitting MQ'. Bishop‘s manuscript to Secretary Houston, stated that the stable fly “is a pronounced en- emy 0f domcStic animals, frequently, as in the season of 19l2, causing much loss among cattle and horses. It also be- comes of great importance on account of its proved carriage of the discuss known as “infantile paralysis” among human beings, and of its suspected carriage of pellngra. ~It is important that stockmen and medical men Should know at an early date everything possible about this pest. ' ' There is little doubt that the stable fly is a potent factm‘ in disease transmis- “sion, though it has been definitely proven to carry only a few diseases. Among live stock there is no doubt that the tropical disease of camels} horses and cattle known as surra, is transmitted by this insect. Another related disease of wattle. .h9r5¢5,. and $1.38!). known as sou~ allllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHllHillHillilllilllllllllllllllllillllllillllillllllllllllflllllllmllllllllllllllllllllillllNilllrllllllllllllflllllflllHilllllllllllll"(IllllIlllllllIlllllllllllllllllllilllllIlllllllilllllflllilllllLEr ,. j r_ L g - L1vc Stock, 'filfllllflfllllllfllIll"llllllllllillIIlllIllllIllllllfiflllllllllllllilmllilllllllllllllllllliflllmllllllllllllllllllilllillIllllllllllfllllllHllHilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllUlllllllllHllllllllllHill!lllllflllllllllllllUllllHillulllllflllE~ ma. and still another malady of hogs and cats are carried in part, insect- In this country anthrax in do- mestic animals and man is also probably disSeminated to some extent by the sta- bly fly. Some investigators also consider it to be an agent of transmission of sop: ticemi’a in man and glanders in horses and other animals, and the disease known as swamp fever of horses is thought by some to be carried by this pest. Because'of the stable fly's fondness for. ‘ horsesrand cattle there is a greatly re- duced efficiency on the part of these an- imals when the attacks are severe. In the 1912 outbreak in Texas many dairy: men found that their output of milk‘ was reduced from 40 to 60 per cent. For Sev— eral months after the pest had abated the effect of the outbreak was apparent ‘in the .reduced' milk production, while horses and-mules in manycaSes lost from, 10 to 13 per cent in 'weight and cattle; which were fat enough for market in. many cases were so much reduced that they 'could not b_e-sold.' . While the housefly is fond of sweets and hence is easily caught in traps and on fly paper or through the agency of poisons is killed- outright, this is not the case with the‘stable fly, since it feeds almost exclusively on liVe animals, But traps have been designed ,to place in stable and barn windows and many flies may be caught in these; but the greatest hope of controlling the stable fly lies in breaking up his breeding place. Like the house fly, the stable fly lays its eggs in fresh manure and straw piles, while in the grain belt the straw stacks are con- sidered the inalienable possession of the stable fly. In fact, straw is the princi- pal breeding place for the fly. although there is no doubt that thousands or sta— ble flies develop in manure piles. More- over, such material is utilized extensively us a breeding place for the housefly and horn fly. Hence the proper care of all sorts of animal refuse is essential for successfully Combating the pest. Ma- nure should be hauled out and scattered at regular intervals, as is recommended for the control of the housefly, and any accumulation of straw or hay, especially adjacent to stables, should be disposed of, as these are often utilized for the breeding of the stable fly when larger accumulations of horse manure and straw are not available. It should be remembered that once the stable fly enters the house he will make at. once for the arms, legs or face of the people within, and not to the sugar or butter bowl. If he has previously bitten some sufferer from infantile paralysis he will carry the germs with him and Oculute all whom he bites, with this dread disease—a disease far more terrible in its consequence than typhoid, since the latter is now controllable to a great extent through the use of anti-typhoid vaccine, but infantile paralysis is either fatal or leaves the patient partially par- alyzed for life. ‘ \Yashington, D. C. G. E. M. A BRIGHT FUTURE FOR THE CAT- TLE INDUSTRY. The United States no longer has the former abundant supply of cattle raised cheaply on the open range. The 'range is being cut up and fenced off into farms or diverted to sheep grazing. There has also been a great increase in the price of corn and other feeds, which has made cattle feeding a risky and expensive un- dertaking, especially as for .‘l COnSider- able lime the priccs received were unsat- isfactory from the feeder‘s standpoint. For these various reasons cattle raising went into disfavor, and the present great- ly restricted supply is the result. The time has come when we must con- serve our meat supply and take steps to increase it, and at the present remu- nerati‘ve prices for food animals it is probable that this will be gradually ac- complished. Farmers generally. and es- pecially those in the corn belt, should take advantage of the situation to de- velop cattle feeding under the present favorable conditions. The south has great possibilities for the future as cat- tle—raising country. but the development of this industry there must await the extermination of the cattle ticks; which fortunately. is being rapidly accomplish- ed .by the joint efforts of the government and the states. - ‘ in-- JULY ' 19, 1913. Ill-ll .58 MP ' ; And. .lllsmfeoiani is a preparation entirely harm-j lessvto man and beast. . Its sole office is to kill disease! germs, correct impure conditions and destroy noxious insect life. .‘ It does these- things whenever and wherever it is used accord— ing to directions. It meets the . rigid requirement-ofthe United States = Government as 'an official dip for sheep scab. Its use on farm. stock. insures animal health and thus 3 increases livestock values. It > is an unfailing purifier for ‘ ionisinks, drains, sewers and , “ ~ outbuildings. There is no ~" ~ a certainty of profit instock‘ ' x farmingwithout—itsnses THE BEST ’lINIIIEN'I BI! PAIN KILLER Hill IIIE HUMAN BODY Gombault’s caustic Balsam IT HAS NO EQUAL i t ‘ -It i - F0? ing,so;tllil:; Sad POPIOOIIV SCI. healing and fgr sill Old and o as, H: les,or . . IIIO Worunds, Felons, Reliable Remedy. Exterior Csncers,Boils '0' Human $33: 03:: s Th t cwsrm BALsmlha.’ °r° r ea as Body 2° his... 0'10“ 0°“ Baekache I: rosin: (shall ions“ Neuralgia w s an a I as . a?! sustain a garlic": Sprains s noissnnus su stance - and therefore no harm sgra'n. can rfsult Ir'sm it: ”t Lumbago terns use. stsisies .. . lhorouulhuss mil:I curs D'Phtheria many 0 or c ram: ailments and it can he Sore Lu?gs used on any case that Rheumatlsm ”requires an climax: and aspiration \V' . . perfect “my. all St!“ Jomts REMOVE: THE SOREIIBS-vflflflififllflls MUSCLE: Cornhill, Ten—“One bottle Oouetle Bole-m di my rheumstism more good than $l20.00 paid in doctor'sbills." OTTO A. BEYILR. Price 01.80 per bottle. Sold by druulsu, or sent by us express prepaid. Write for Booklet B. The ”WREHCE-WILUIMS COMPANY. Cleveland. 0. SPAVlN CURE KENDALL —has saved thousands of dollars and thousands of horses. The old reliable cure for Spavin, Ringbone, Splint or lameness. For sale at all druggists. Price 31 per bottle, file: 55. ”Treatise on the Horse" free at druggists or write to Dr. B. J. KENDALL COMPANY, Eoosbu ; Foils, VI... ll. 8. A. 5 MINERAL. I _| '"o'l‘.$ HEAVE‘ fiarsREMEDY free 83 Package OURES any case or money refunded 81 Package OURES ordinary cases. Mineral Reeve Remedy Co.. 463 N. Fourth Ave., Plttsburgh.Pa. Best Conditioner ,. Death to Heaven “Gunranbeed or ‘ Money Back." .A\ v, - ~ .,'- Coughs Disteni r indigestion. - :AMM £le ’5’ ' ' g: 1.00 ercun ' ' ‘ " I NEWTON Slain-gen" eves: \» 6" At druggists’ or sent postpsid. mm [rum BO..IIII.£DI..II ATTACHMENT with corn harvester outs and throws in piles on harvester or in “ng' Mgglgigd horse 1 ith scorn n er. 1: every fifty“ shog: :23; w (I) with fodder binder. . J. D. Borne. Hsawell. Colo. writes. our son: Inn-ventu- Is all ye- slslln for it: out. tied and shocked 65 sores lollo. cone and a?" lost you." f Eestinflgnlelzagnd catalog free. show nix plot iron 0 arve r. Pnocnss m‘ . 00.. Dept. - u. Sauna. Kans. Ski you!"7 1:10;“in dfor Butt-tows Pattent no; Italic: . .0 , m , ,. I . landfwwmz mfi'm salami?!“ guanine. ‘ When writing to advertisers please mention The Michigan Farmer. JULY .19, 1913. gllllIilllilllllllllllllllllllllllm”lllllIl”llmllllililllllmllllIllilliilllllllIlllll"ill""llllillllmlllllllg g 2111‘ y . g gIIIIIIIHIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIilllllllIIillIIIllIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIilllllllllllllllllllllillillllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIE CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE. FEEDING FOR BUTTE R-FAT. When the average farmer first begins to take an interest in cow testing he us- ually writes in to the editor of his farm paper and‘asks this question: “Why are we told to cull out the cows that do not produce enough butter-fat? Why can’t a. good average cow be made to give richer milk by feeding her richer feeds? Isn’t that one of the claims made for certain prepared feeds?” It is not to be wondered at that when the dairyman finds by test that several of his cows are not paying for their board, he tries to correct this by feeding special feeds. It was believed for a lOng time by authorities that the richness of the cow’s milk differed at each milking according to what she ate, care given THE MICHIGAN FARM'ER HOT WEATHER ‘ the Ideal Time to Use a he changes his ideals so.frequently that before he attains one he has another be- fore him—it is impossible to keep his breeding operations apace with his new ideals. Another reason is that he gives too much attention to non-essentials and too little to essential qualities. A calf with a crooked horn is often discarded regardless of its fitness for dairy pur- poses. If a cow is a superior producer and healthy, she ought to make a mother of profitable dairy heifers. While it has been ascertained that conformation points to producing qualities, we should rather allow production itself to convince us of those qualities than the animal's confor- mation. “'ith well-established ideals and common senSe in the selection of mates the dairyman should be able, to at least, Improve his herd. PTOMAINE POISONING IS DUE FRE- QUENTLY T0 UNSANITARY PRACTICES. With the advent of hot weather comes an enormous increase in the consumption of ice cream and with this consumption comes the usual reported cases of pto- The Head of the Herd and his Son at Play, Breeding Stock Need an Abundance of Fresh Air her, the Weather conditions, etc. But it is now claimed by investigators that, while careful feeding and good care will increase the flow of milk, the percentage of butter—fat in the milk cannot be in— creased to any noticeable extent. The reaSon for this is that the char- acter of the milk is determined by the glands of the udder and not by the or- gans of digestion. Nature has made it so because if the milk changed .in com- position with every little change in milk- ing, it would be disastrous to the young dependent on such milk. From this known fact, we get the “one cow” rule for bot- tle babies because, as stated, the compo- sition of the milk of any one cow does not change perceptibly regardless of its care or feed. It should be borne in mind, however, ,that the value of the cow is not deter- mined entirely by the per cent of fat in the milk. The main thing is the amount of butter-fat produced. A cow showing a low fat test may, through a larger flow of milk, show a higher butter-fat record at the end of the month than the animal whose milk tests very high in fat. This, then, is the pivotal point. The flow of milk can be increased to a cer- tain extent through improved care and by proper feeding. Herein lies the value of the special feeds. They will not make the milk any richer but will assist the cow to give the largest pOSSible quantity of milk. So in the end, while the fat test has not increased, the total quan- tity of butter-fat produced is larger. If the dairyman is certain that the cow in queStion is getting proper care and is being fed plenty of the right kind of feed, that is all that can be done. If, un- der these conditions, she isn’t a profit maker, she’s a. “cull." Beef her as soon as possible. L. L. DEBRA. SECU RI HG DAIRY COWS. The only practical way to get dairy cows is to breed them. One takes a much greater chance in the dairy business if he depends upon purchasing cows to supply milk. But breeding to deVelop the herd to its highest possibilities is an art that is attained by few. Good breeders are as rare as good statesmen, and like true statesmen, they must have an ideal upon which they can look and by which they may be guided. The reason why the average m’an fails to secure desirable results from breeding his animals is that and Exercise. maine poisoning. Ice cream is a health- ful product and one of our cheapest and most valuable foods and there is nothing dangerous in the consumption of ice cream, provided proper conditions have been maintained in its manufacture. It must always be remembered that milk is an animal product and that in hot weather decomposition will set in in milk the same as in meat or any other animal product. In the decomposition of any animal product ptomaines are liable to be formed and if the product is then eaten, ptomaine poisoning results, which often causes gdeath and, in any event, very severetsiiffering. There are tw0 conditions under which ptomaine poisoning is liable to result in the manufacture of ice cream—one is caused by the refreezing of cream that has once been frozen and returned. It is quite a common thing in many rural districts for ice cream to be furnished church socials with the understanding that cream not used can be returned the next day. If this cream is refrozen, pto— maines are very liable to develop. The practice should be strictly prohibited by law. Dirty milk cans and dirty ice cream cans likewise, may develop ptomaines from the decomposition of old cream left in the cans. At nearly every railroad station in Michigan can be seen ice cream cans that are being returned to the man— ufacturer after the cream has been used and, in nearly every case, the can is un- washed, and on opening the same the fearful stench of the decomposition of animal matter reaches the senses. Acan in this condition when it reaches the fac— tory is almost impossible to wash and sterilize and if any part of this old mat- ter is left in the seams of the can, it is liable to inoculate new cream placed therein and ptomaines may generate and cause sickness and death. Every retail dealer of ice cream should thoroughly wash all empty cans before returning to the factory. The last Legislature passed a law pro- viding for a penalty of $100 for any per- son who reships ice cream or milk cans back to the factory without thoroughly cleansing them. This law will soon take effect and the Dairy and Food Depart- ment proposes to vigorously enforce the same and wherever ice cream cans are found unwashed at any station, prOsecu- tions for the violation of this law will be instituted. JAS. W. HELME, State Dairy & Food Commissioner. 5—49 . HERE is no time when the use of the DE LAVAL Cream Separator is so indispensable to the profitable production of cream or butter as during the hot weather of midsummer. The use of the separator at this season usually means the difference between a profit and a loss in dairying. g of butter-fat that goes to waste with any other method of separation and enables the production of a higher quality of cream and butter—fat than is otherwise possible. Moreover with 3. DE LAVAL the ad- vantages over other cream separators are greatest at this season because the separation is more complete and the cream heavier and more even in texture. easly and the capacity getting the work through more quickly. If you haven’t a separator you can scarcely afiord to defer the purchase of a DE LAVAL, or more It. accom- The' machines turn is greater, if you have a separator which is not doing satisfactory work there is no better time to discard it in favor of 3. DE LAVAL, first trying the machines side by side for your own satisfaction, which every DE LAVAL agent will be glad to give you the opportunity to do. See the nearest DE LAVAL agent at once or if you do not know him write us direct for any desired information. THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR 00. NEW YORK CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO SEATTLE /////, 4/: W ./,/,/, /////// The Ready Ration For Dairy Down The only feed that’s guaranteed to produce more milk and keep your cows in better condition. Here's Our Trial Offer Go to your dealer (if he can't supply you. write us) and get. us many sucks no you want. Feed two sucks (“it”) touny one cow—watch results two weeks. especially the second week. If Lorre-feed does not. lease you. take the un- used oncko back. No c arse Wl“ be made for the twa necks med in the trial. We prove the merit of Larro-feed orno talc. Youuke no rink. Large Free Sample by parcel pout on request. THE LARROWE MILLING COMPANY 821 Gilloopio Bldu. DETROIT. MICH. - ZN Ill L “‘8‘ - .;.-FRIEND Keepl dial and other innoct pub 03 of animals-in born or mire—longer than any im- tation. lined and endorsed Iinco 1885 by leading dairy- mou and fume". 31mm SAVES$20-00 - .' “ ‘ in milk and fluh on each cow in: singleooason. Haul! lorel, nope itching and pre- vent: infection. Nothing better to: galls. Killl lice and mitel in poultry housel. SEND $1 if your dealer can't lupply you. We'll I and enough Shoo-Fly to protect 200 cows. allo our 3-tube gravity sprayer without extn charge. Honey back it not anti-tummy. Name Express Ofllco , Booklet FREE. Special terms to “on“. wfit--I':.'-‘iy . . H I '0 / rW/gfic ‘\ '. ._-._-.:,-.-n-ts 3—.“ Shoo-Fly Mfg. 'Co., Dept. H, 1310 N. 10th St, "lilo. Iditox known £10m experience that Shoo-Fl! ll 0. K. i AMERICAN SEPARATOR THIS OFFER IS NO CATCH. it is a solid proposition to send, on trial. fully guaranteed. a new. well made. easy running separa— tor for $15.96. Skims hot or cold milk; making heavy or light cream. Designed especially for small dairies. hotels and private families. Different from this pic- ture, which illustrates our large capacity machines. The bowl is a unitary marvel, easily cleaned. G e a r s thoroughly rotected. Western orders til ad from Western points. Whether your dairy is large or small, write us and obtain our handsome ‘ free catalog. ~Addrou: AMERICAN summon co. Main. «.31. (leafless Churn and Butter Worker All sizes. For Farm.Dairy and Creamery. len Separator- es. Write for free .. pamphlet to . 1. R. B. DISBROW. Dept. 32. Owutonn, Minn. "make good" because they're Ill“ M. And they've been getting better every year for 15 years. It you want to be treated right, order a Kalamazoonow. We prepay freight. Get our catalog: it tells the whole story. Milt!“ Boat. 30. KILAIAZOO TANK &c SILO 00. , A l ' \ . r ( Barn Eqmpment gay i , ~ makes barn work easier. Our 1“ , a?“ Feed and Litter Carriers easily do t, . 'the most thorough work in the shortest *v: . -" time. 1 noble. investigate our Patented '5: everything. If you take pride in A clean. orderly Stalls and Stancliions Write for our large, Illustrated can! . contains many valuable ints. It full describes , oiled Free! r..." ‘ Please ask for it on a post card today. The Harris Mfg. Co. 250 , Salon-n. Ohio .. 50—6 The Michigan Farmer Established 1843. The Lawrence Publishing Co. Editors and Proprietors. 39 to 45 Con recs St. West. Detroit. Mulligan. ’ ‘nnnrnoxr: MAIN '25. NEW YORK mirror—41 Park Row. CHICAGO OrrrcE—GIM Advertising Building. CLEVELAND OFFICE—101L101!) Oregon Ave. N. E. M. J. LAWRENCE ............................. President M. L. LAWBEN E ...................... Vice-President E. H. HOUGHTON .......................... Bed-Trees. I. B. WATERBUBY............ ..........] 0. E. YOUNG.................. .. >Associate BURT WEBKUTH...” Editors. ALTA LAWSON LITTELL ........ -. ........ l E. H. BOUGHTON .................. 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COPYRIGHT I9I3 by the Lawrence Pub. 00. _All persons are warned ngamst reprinting any portion of the contents of this issue without our written permission. DETROIT, JULY 19, 1913. CURRENT COMMENT. 0n the first page of The State Fair. this issue we are pre- senting half-tone en- gravings of the officers of the Michigan State .-\griculturnl Society who will con- duct the state fair at Dctroit, September 15-20. These mcn need no introduction to those who have been exhibitors at previous state fairs. or to the great ma- jority of Michigan Farmer readers. The management announces that the premium list for this year's fair offers more attractive inducements for educational betterment along agricultural lines than have ever been presented in the 64 years of the society’s exia‘tence. Their official announcement states that there is not only more actual prize mon- ey offered than in any previous year of the history of the state fair, but that it is more uniformly distributed ‘SO that all branches of human endeavor will receive encouragement in the awards of the premiums. The premium list not only provides liberal incentives for the farm— ers of the state to exhibit the best of their agricultural products but money has also been set aside to educate the city man to a keeper appreciation of the best in these products. In short, an ef- fort will be made to make the 1913 state fair something more than a mere ex- hibition by introducing as many educa- tional features as possible. ProviSion is also being made for the better entertainment and greater comfort of fair patrons. More high-class free entertainment features will be introduc— ed and perhaps a still more important innovation from the standpoint of the visitors will be the installation of sani- tary eating parlors for the purpose of furnishing good food at a reasonable price. A new half-mile track will be built which will aid in the putting on of entertainment features for grandstand patrons. livery Michigan farmer who has any sort of products which would make a cneditable showing at the state fair, should write Secretary Dickinson for a premium list and plan to enter his pro- ducts as the means to the end of mak- ing this competitive Show of the greatest possible educational value from a purely agricultural standpoint. While the offi- cers of the society may do their best for the promotion of a successful fair it re- mains for the farmers of the state to come forward with the exhibits which will make it properly representative of Michigan’s great agricultural industry. In previous issues The Currency Reform we have given a Bill. brief summary of . the provisions of the new currency and banking reform bill and have discussed_the need of leg- islation along this line. In this issue we will comment upon some of the features of this bill not previously mentioned, and others which were changed in a slight measure from the original plan before the bill was introduced. This bill provides for the establishment of not less than 12 federal reserve banks, the capital of which is to be subscribed by the. national banks of each reserve _d.. THE, MICHIGAN FARMER [ district, pro rated: According to their cap-f ital stock, the capital stock of no re- serve bank to be less than $5,000,000. These reServe banks are each to be un- der the control of a board of directors of nine- members, three-of which are to be chosen by and for representatives ' of stockholders. Three other directors» are chosen by banks, but are to be repre- sentative of the ganeral public interest of reserve districts, while three members are to be designated by the federal re- serve board having control of all federal reserve banks. The federal reserve board has power to remove directors of Second class mentioned in case it appears at any time that such directors does not fairly represent the commercial, agricul- tural or industrial interest of his district. The directors of this class shall in no case be officers or directors of banks and shall not accept office as such dur—‘ ing their term of Service as officers of federal reserve banks. The federal reserve board, which will have headquarters at Washington, would under the terms of this bill consist of seven members, including the secretary of the treasury, the secretary of agri- culture, and the comptroller of the cur- rency as members ex—ofl‘icio and four members chosen by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. . . The bill provides that state banks or trust companies may become stockhold- ers in the federal reserve banks and en- joy the same privileges on the same terms as the national banks, provided they meet the same requirements, which is an important proviSion of the bill_so for as its possible benefits to the coun: try at large are concerned. The bill is designed to promote the welfare of agricultural. commercial and induStrial interests of the country, not only by having representatives of these interests upon the directorate of the fed- eral reserve banks, but as well for the rediscounting of commercial paper by the federal reServe banks. “'hile the federal reserve board is given the right to determine or define the character of the paper eligible for discount in the meaning of the act, the act limits such paper to notes and bills of‘ exchange is— sued or drawn for agricultural, indus: trial or commercial purposes and defi- nitely states that it shall not include notes or bills issued or drawn for the purpose of carrying 0r trading in stocks, bonds or other investment securities, ex- cept such notes or bills maturing in four months or less and secured by United states, state, county or municipal bonds instead of the simple endorsement of a member bank. which is sufficient for dis- counting other paper. In addition to the currency issue of $500,000,000 mentioned in our previous summary of this bill, the federal reserve board would under its provisions have the right to suspend reserve requirements for limited periods in times of financial stringency, whch provision, together with the provision for the rediscounting of commercial paper and the possibility of uSing commercial paper as collateral for loans in the form of the new treasury currency, are designed to provide the de- sired elasticity of the currency which is conceded to be one of the most serious shortcomings of the present system. There are many other important pro- visions of the bill which space will not permit us to review, but these ill brief are its features of greatest interest. It will be noted that the federal reserve board will be absolutely under govern— ment control while the federal reserve banks will be largely such through the methods of electing directors above out- lined. Those who do not favor this bill find their greatest objectiOn in this fact. So far as the bankers are concerned it is llllllOSSible to get an expression as to their views at this time. Some bankers of recognized ability have expressed themselves in favor of the bill, for which ‘reason some students have looked for a. “joker” of some sort. But of a number of bankers interviewed on the question few have cared to express an opinion upon it. TheSe comments have been published with a View to giving Michigan Farmer readers information upon this important question to the end that they may be to a slight extent, familiar with the pro- visions of this bill which 'will undoubt- edly be the subject of prolonged consid- eration and debate in Congress. You PAY LESS FOR ADVERTISED MERCHANDISE. The man who makes 50 suits of cloth- ing a. year must charge. more for each stilt" : than the man who" makes coo suits "of equal quality; The man, making 500? suits ' has less "overhead” expense per suit——such as rent, light, heat, manage- ment,» waste, insurance, eqllipment, etc. Therefore, as business grows, at least to a. cerain point,»net profits are‘ greater. and the Selling price can be reduced. Ad—. vertising,‘ by' creating a widespread de- mand all over the country, GGVelops a. business rapidly at a minimum of selling expense, and makes possible a lower price for an article of the same quality than it could be sold for by the manu- facturer who does not advertise. ‘This is one reason why it is good pol- icy to buy merchandise that is adver— tised in the Michigan Farmer in pref- erence to unknown brands. HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK. » Natlonal. Two men were run down and killed by an interurban car near Dearborn at eight o'clock Sunday night. The men stepped in front of the fast moving car and the motorman was unable to stop in time to save them from death. An lnterurban train ran into a second electric train at Vinewood Station, near Los Angeles, 08.1., July 13, killing 12 per- sons and more or less severely injuring 50 others. Four persons were killed and a score hurt Sunday night when a Baltimore & Ohio passenger train crashed into an in- terurban car at East Cambridge, Ohio. Two persons were drowned while fish- ing in Judd's mill pond east of Pontiac, on July 13. The third member of the party was rescued. Last week nearly 100,000 trainmen and conductors voted to go on strike unless their demands for increased wages are allowed. The vote has now been ratified by the general committee of conductors and trainmen. The committee, however, has agreed to defer action on the ques- tion of calling the strike until after a conference at Washington, the conference being called to reconcile if possible con- flicting proviSions in the new Landis and Clayton bills submitted to amend the Erdman act so that a bill satisfying both sides might be passed in time to avert a .strike if possible. The strike would affect all territory lying east of the Mississippi and north of the Potomac and Ohio rivers. ' ‘ Eight men were drowned when the sloop Alberta was capsized during a Squall in Black Rock Channel near Graves’ Har- bor, July 13. Six others were saved. Education extension work will receive a new impetus by the formation of an advisory committee of bankers and bus~ ineSs men who are to work in conjunc- tion with Minnesota's institutions of learning and who will aid some 2,500 per- sons, in acquiring knowledge that will lead to greater business efi‘iciency. The course will lead to “certificates in com— merce" which sh0w that the student has received the professional training which modern business requires. VHoward C. Chandler, a Detroit auto- mobile manufacturer, was instantly killed and his wife seriously injured when his automobile turned turtle at Pine Lake, in Oakland county. Monday afternoon. One person was killed and five ser- iously injured in an automobile accident at Parkersburg, W. Va., last Monday evening, caused by the steering wheel breaking and sending the machine over an embankment. A cloudburst near Zanesville, Ohio, Monday morning, flooded MuSkingum river and Duck creek. The waters ex-. tended far .out of the banks of these streams and threaten the destruction of much‘ property. A train was marooned at Stanleyvllle by the rapidly rising wat- er and it was necessary for the impris- oned paSsengers to cut their way through the roofs of the cars in order to escape. \‘l'ires are down and the railway traffic is so badly interrupted that communicat- tion with the affected district is almost completely out off. Mayor Marx, of the city of Detroit. has publicly announced that unless the D. U. R. aceepts the Frazer-Lucking-Marx street car plan that the company will be considered a trespasser upon the streets where franchises have expired, and they will be ousted. It is estimated that 200 factories will be affected by the cloakmnkers' strike at Philadelphia. The employes demand higher wages and a recognition of their union. Col. Mulhall, who recently made pub- lic a remarkable story regarding his ac- tivities in behalf of the National Asso— ciation of Manufacturers in national poli- tics. is now testifying before the Senate lobby investigating committee. He was on the stand for six hours Monday. in which time much information was se- cured. l’l’m. E. Beard. proprietor of a dairy farm near YpSilanti, was run down and killed by a» Michigan Central train last Monday afternoon. It was agreed on Monday to delay the formal opening of the tariff fight on the floor of the Senate from “'ednesday un- til Thursday of this: week. At that time the real fight on the provisions of the Underwood-Simmons bill will begin. Secretary of State Martindale has com- pleted pocket manuals containing the names of all elected and appointed state officers, members of Legislature, and the names and.addresses of all county offi- cers in the state- Copies of this manual are“ sent upon application to the: state department. . Secretary Daniels of the, navydepart- ment, has submitted to the government figures which prove the feasilibity of the establishment of a government factory JULY 19, 191.38%. fer manufacturing ,armor‘jplate. It is es- timated that such», a plant would cost $8,466,000 and - that ”it would 'save the gOVernment _$140 a ton on armor plate. The third' annual American road‘con- gres‘s will convene at Detroit on Sept. 29 of this year. It is anticipated that this will be the largest meeting in the history of the organization. Demorcatic members of the house of representatives are now in conference discussing the merits of the proposed currency bill. he Emmet county alfalfa campaign began at HarbOr Springs on Monday, the campaign continuing until \Ve'dnesday night. Foreign. M'exico’s resources have been wasted and her industrial enterprises paralyzed by the series of revolutions occurring in that country since the revolt of Maderio against the Diaz regime. Although the United States government has guaranteed to adjust all matters with the Mexican government where the claims of Ameri- cans are at stake, yet the usual delay in effecting such adjustments caused many American people who had mining, ranch- Ing and other interests in Mexico to re- main in_ the disturbed country so that they might personally realize on their property. This, most of them have failed in, and now they are fleeing to this coun- try, many at the expense of our govern- ment, that they might have the 'mere necessities of life. Not a few of these were engaged in profitable enterprises be- fore the series of revolutions began. The situation there at the present time has not changed, outbreaks occurring fre- quently, and political plots discovered regularly. Just last week such a plot to assassinate President Huerta, General Felix and General Blanquet was frustrat- ed by the arrest of a deputy and ten other persons. It is reported that from 12,000 to 14,000 German shipbuilders have walked out on strike at Hamburg. The war between Bulgaria and the combined forces of Servia and Greece continues. Reports are meagre and it is scarcely possible to learn the general movements of the armies. It is believed, however, that activities are reaching a crucial point and that decisive battles are imminent. STATE FAIRS. Iowa, Des Moines, Aug. 20-28. IV. Michigan, Grand Rapids, ept. 1-6. Minnesota, Hamline, Sept. 1-6. Ohio, Columbus, Sept. 1-5. Indiana, Indianapolis, Sept. 8-12. “'isconsin. Milwaukee, Sept. 8-12. New York, Syracuse. Sept, 8-13. Michigan, Detroit, Sept. 15-20. Illinois, Springfield, Oct. 3-11. M I c rim—XE. Cass City, Cass City. Aug. 19-22. Calhoun Co., Marshall, Aug. 25-29. Caro, Caro, Aug. 25-29. Gratiot Co., Ithaca, Aug. 27-31. 'N. E. Michigan, Bay City, Sept. 1-5. Huron Co., Bad Axe, Sept. 2-5. Marquette Co., Marquette, Sept. 2-5. Berlin, Berlin, Sept. 9-12. Charlevoix, East Jordan, Sept. 9-12. Elkton, Elkton, Sept. 9-12. Greenville. Greenville, .Sept. 9-12. _Thumb District, Port Huron, Sept. 9-12. Deckerville, Deckervilie, Sept. 16—19. 'Barry Co., Hastings, Sept. 16-19. 'Emmett Co., .Petoskey, Sept. 16-19. Cheboygan Co., Wolverine, Sept. 17-19. (lezippewa Co., Sault Ste. Marie, Sept. i Inter-state. Kalamazoo, Sept. 23-27. Lenawee Co., Adrian, Sept. 22-26. Manistee Co., Onekama, Sept. 23~26. 24Iggrth Branch, North Branch, Sept. .0ceana‘Co., Hart, Sept. 23-26. _Allegan Co., Allegan, Sept. 29-Oct. 3. Hillsdale Co., Hillsdale, Sept. 29-Oct. 3. Clinton Co., St. Johns, Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Copper Co., Houghton, Sept. 30-Oct. 4. Eaton Co., Charlotte, Sept. 30-Oct. 3. Imlay City, Imlay City. Sept. 30~Oct. 2. Otsego Co., Gaylord. Sept. 30-Oct. 2. So. Michigan, Benton Harbor, Sept. 30- Oct. 3. Alpena Co., Alpena. Oct. 1-3. Fowlerville, Fowlerville, Oct, 7-10. NORTHERN INDIANA FAIRS. Elkhart Co., Goshen, Sept. 9-12. Kendallville, Kendallville, Sept. 22-26. Bourbon, Bourbon, Oct. 1-3. Steuben Co., Angola, Oct_ 7.10_ DISTRICT AND COUNTY FAIRS THAT SHOULD BE WELL ATTENDED. The Big Gratiot County Fair and Races will be held at Ithaca, Mich. on above dates. It will be bigger and better than ever. Don't miss the biggest horse Show in the state. Ithaca is the center of the best agricultural county in the state.— A. McCall, Sec. The Deckerville Agricultural Fair and Races will be held Sept. 16-17-18-19. Al- though the Deckerville Agricultural Asso- ciation has always maintained a reputa— tion for one of the best fairs in eastern Michigan, the officers are sparing no ex— pense to make this the most successful one in‘ the history of the association. For particulars address, Jos. Dawe, See. The Elkton Fair has reorganized their association and is under new manage- ment. The fair grounds will be electric- lighted, which allows them to have a. night carnival, consisting of free attrac- tions, band concert and fireworks. The feature of this year’s events .l$..th.e guide- , léss "wonder; The only attraction ’of its kind ‘in the state. A noble horse‘actually scoring and going the full. mile without a. driven—A. T. Connell, See. The 1913 Northeastern MlchiganFair, the biggest and best fair in the state, will be held at Bay City, Sept. 1-2.3.4-5, Write for premium book. _ .- , » LITERATURE POETRY HISTORY an? IN FORMATION ”gym/ivéinWLY PUBLISH 77w FARM BOY an? GIRL SCIENTIFIC an? MECHANICAL This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper every week. Every article 1s written espec1ally for 1t and does not appear elsewhere An Interesting Old Scottish Castle. WAY in the north of Scotland A stands a very old castle, interest- ing because of its age and the fact that the centuries which have passed over it have only very slightly changed this hoary old pile. It is surrounded by tree-Q, many of them hawthorns of great age. The castle, a fine Specimen of the feudal baronial manor, is appropriately ap- proached by a narrow drawbridge, still capable of being raised and lowered. A stream runs along one side of the castle; it uSed to feed the moat, which still ex- ists, although now dry. The royal permit for the erection of Cawdor castle was granted by James II in 1454. There is a curious tradition that a wise man counseled the Thane of 021W- dor to load an ass with a chest full of gold, and with this gold to build his cas- tle at the third hawthorn tree at which the animal should stop. The advice was By IDA M. PHIPPS. the Campbells of Cawdor is “Long live the hawthorn tree.”_ It is predicted that their prosperity will end with the life of the old tree. Some years ago it was found necessary to raiSe the {lagstones covering the floor of this dungeon. It is said that the roots of the tree were found to be still alive. It seems wonder- ful that a tree could live under such con- ditions, with so little light and no Sur— face water. It is possible that the roots may reach the little stream outside the walls of the castle. A very battered metal—bound Coffer is shown in this old dungeOn as the original chest in which the gold was brought to the tree for building the castle. The top of the square tower, called the keep, may be seen rising above the out- The first Campbell of Cawdor was Sir John Campbell, third son of Archibald, second earl of Argyle, who married Muriel, heiress of Sir John Cawdor, who died in 1498. Muriel was married in 1510, in her twelfth year. The grim old keep of Cawdor is one of the most re- markable baronial edifices in Scotland, and among some sculptures on a stone dated 1510—the year of Muriel s mairiage —is carved a fox smoking a short tobacco pipe. Many of the rooms are hung with old tapestry, and a fine view of the sur- rounding country obtained from the battlements of the old tower, A curious feature of this old pile is a secret cloSet, built out from the corner of one of the rooms. The door to the is ‘8' Cawdor Castle, one of the few Ancient Strongholds of followed and the castle built around the tree. In the dungeon of the old keep the trunk of the hawthorn tree still re- mains. It is claimed that this wonderful tree is still alive. There is no evidence of life, but when I was asked to strike it, the sound was not like that of dead wood. Very appropriately the toast of side walls of the castle. The keep of a castle is the central structure, built in the courtyard, and serving not only as the stronghold in which the family lived dur- ing times of siege, but also as a store- house for supplies, and a watch tower. The dungeon is located in the basement of the keep. Scotland that Remain in a Good State of room is concealed by tapestry, but the closet is plainly visible from the outside as a tiny bay window. It may have for- merly been hidden by trees. Various uSes are conjectured for this secret clos- et—that it was used for hiding Jacobites and as a powdering room for dressing the hair and wigs of the period. There is a legend that King Duncan was mur- dered by Macbeth in one of the rooms of the tower, but as King Duncan was as- sassinated in 1040, and Cawdor castle was not built until 1454 there seems little basis for the legend unless a part of the structure is of greater antiquity than that built under the 1454 royal permit of James II. It has an unoccupied and de- serted look in contrast with other rooms in the castle, which is still used by the owner as a summer residence. The Earl of Cawdor is in the habit of bringing hosts of friends here for hunting and fishing in the Highlands, and it would seem that every nook and chamber of the old castle would be needed to accommo- date them, but there is no sign thit any— one ever sleeps in King Duncan s cham— ber. The lawns and grounds surrounding the castle are beautifully kept, and the earl Preservation. takes great pride in a herd of the original wild cattle of Scotland. They Were in an enclosure when I saw them, for which we were thankful, as they looked very fierce. Altogether Cawdor castle is the most interesting, romantic and satisfac- tory of all the old Scottish castles which I have seen. lllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllll|H|illllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllIHIllIHIll|Hill[HilllilIillllIllllllHIillHllIllHHIHIllllllllllilillllllllllHIHIHHIHHIHHHHIIIlllllllllllllllll|llII!lllIHHIII'HIIIHIIHHHIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllll lllllllllHIllllIIHHHIHIIIIIHHIIIIllHIIll“!Ill|IlllllHIHIIIHIHIHIIIHHI|lllllllllH|[Il|||lllIHHilHilllHlllHIllllllllllllllilllllllllllHlllllilHlllllllllllllllllillllllHHHiHillHHHIIHHHHIIHHIllHlHHHHHlHHHlHlHHl The Wards’_ City Property—By HARRIETL. FORD. "I saw Crandall today. He talked trade. Wants I should trade him that ten acres across the road for a house and lot he has in the city,” observed Mr. Ward to his wife as they sat at their evening meal. “A house and lot in the city,” exclaim- ed Mrs. Ford. “It can’t be much of a. place if that ten acres will pay for it.” “It wasn’t to be an even trade. His house and lot is worth a thousand d01- lars, he says. I only gave three hundred for the ten acres. He is willing to allow me five hundred for it in a trade. I’ll be making two hundred by the deal. That’s not bad, Louise. If we let him have the ten acres there’ll only be five hundred cash to pay him." ‘ “But, Eugene, how can we pay it? You know we owe quite a. bit on this place yet. It is all we can do to meet our pay- ment each year.” “I know. But that house of his rents for ten dollars a month. One hundred and twenty a year. That pays the in- terest, taxes, and some on the principal each year, so Crandall says. Why, the place will pay for itself in time. Not a. bad investment, I reckon.” “What does Crandall want of that ten acres? He has lived in the city so long that it isn’t likely that he will want to come out here to live.” “He does, though. Wants to build 61‘! it right away." “I would like Mrs. Crandall for a neigh- bor,” said Mrs. Ward. “Are you going to let him have it?” “I think so. I want to see the house first, however. I am going to look at" it tomorrow. If everything is satisfactory we’ll make out the papers next week. \‘i'ant to go with me tomorrow?” “Cannot possibly do it. Have got that canning to do tomorrow. If you are sat- isfied with the trade I think it very prob- able that I shall be.” Mrs. Ward was not particularly inter- ested in business affairS. She knew her husband was quite a hand to “clicker,” as he called it. So far those dickerings had made no difference to her, so she paid little attention to them. The place on which they were living was a, pretty little farm lying at the edge of a small village about eight miles from the city in which was located the house and lot of Mr. Crandall. owned the farm for several years, and the buildings were all in excellent con- Mr. Ward had! dition. The thirty acres which the farm contained had not seemed enough 'for Mr. Ward. so he had purchased the ten acres across from them a couple of years previous. He had paid cash for the ten acres, but still owed a few hundred dol~ lars on the place where they lived. Upon Mr. VVard’s return from the city the next day his wife asked him how he liked the place. “All right,” he replied. story frame house, three rooms upstairs and four down. Just right for a small family. Fairly good sized lot. The house is awful dirty, though.” “I don’t understand that. I thought Mrs. Crandall was a good housekeeper,” remarked Mrs. Ward. “Oh, they don’t live there themselves. This house is way over on the south side “It is a two- 52—~-8_ ., of the city. Crandall‘ lives right in the city." ”Have you 'decided to trade?” “Yes. I seen Crandall today. Told him I was ready to make out the papers any time he was.” In due time the papers were made out and the IVards became the owners of city property, Mr. Ward deriving considerable pleasure out of fancylng himself in- the role of a landlord. “Think of» it, Louise. Ten dollars rent money coming in every month. One hun- dred and twenty dollars a year. Isn't that fine? And the beauty of it all is that it comes without turning onc’s hand over for it. That's better than digging in the dirt like I have had to all summer long. It will seem good to get ten dollars for the asking. Wish I had three more just such houses to rent. \Ve could live like nabobs then.” Mrs. “'ard was not so sanguine con- cerning their newly acquired property. She promptly fell to wondering where the money was coming from to pay for it. \Vhen rent day came Mr. Ward an- nOunced his intention of going to the city after it. "\‘\'ill you have to go every month for the rent?” inquired his wife. “Yes. UnleSS I put it in the hands of a real estate agent. They are such sharks that I hate to do that. I’ll attend to it " myself.” “Did you get your rent?" Mrs. “'ard asked upon his return. “No. \Vhen I went to the house after it they told me they would not stay there unless the house was painted and the trooms papered. And tlipy want the wood-work stained and varnished. The man who lives there is a painter and He said he would do the So I told paper-hanger. work and let it go on the rent. him to go ahead." “How much will it cost?" “I don’t know. Ilc said he couldn't tell exactly. lie said he could furnish tne materials cheaper than I could get them, as he was in the business. So he is to furnish everything, and do the work, let- ting it go on the rent. You see it isn't going to cost us anything that way." In the course of a few Weeks Mr. “'ard went 1) see about it. A bill for seventy dollars was handed him. “\Vhat? Seventy dollars?” he exclaim— ed. “\\'hy, I painted and papered my lmuSe in the country this summer. and it is larger than this, and it didn’t cost half that amount." _ “The difference in wages in the city and the country account for that, sir," was the reply. “The paper you have on here is an in- ferior article. I do not like the painting, either. I am not at all satisfied with what you have done.” “I am sorry, sir. You did not specify as to the. quality of the paper you wished piit on. It costs as much to hang the cheaper grades as it does the more ex- pensive. It all comes to seventy dollars. If you will give me a receipt for seven months’ rent I shall be satisfied.” “What has been done-here is not worth four months’ rent." replied Mr. “'ard in- *(lign:intl:.'. “l’ll allow you that, however, 'giving you a receipt for it.” “I will not accept a receipt unless made out for seven months. I'll move first, and sue you for the full amount.” Mr. Ward hesitated. lie was not a- If this tenant I11 that rich man by any means. moved he might not get another. caSe he would lose the rent, stand the, cost of a lawSuit. and possibly have to pay the full seventy dollars in the.end. He could not afford that. So he made out a receipt for the seven months’ rent. 'For the next nine months nothing was done about the city property. Mr. \Vard was working hard on his little farm en— deavoring to make enough to meet his annual payments. Crops were not prom— ising. Late frosts had damaged the fruit. What vegetables he had for brought a low price. It was going t0.be extremely difficult to make enough to meet those payments “If only we could get some rent money it “nuld help out," he said as they were dismissing the prospect one day. “Why. there muSt be some rent due us now.” exolaimed Mrs. Ward. “There ix." he replied. “Two months, that’s twenty dollars. I’ll go down and see about it next week." 'But when he went to see about it he found that his tenants had moved. He also found that the- street in front of the property- was being payed and his share of the expense would amount to nearly one hundred dollars. “Even if we get a good paying tenant, it. I live so far away. grooms. ’a‘inount. of cost to you then you will know market * to pay up. Tacking up a “For . “Rent” sign. he went home. T a E MICHI GA N F A RM: E R..- , , it will take ten:- months‘ rent to pay for that pavement " he said lugubriously. “Yes, but when it is done I suppOse it will last for years.” “I should hopeso. ‘ That place isn’t paying its ownexpenses. What with the painting and papering, and now that pavement, we will have no‘money to pay on the principal this year, even if we do get a good tenant.” But they did not get the tenant. They were obliged to pay for the pavement out of money made from the farm. o-By the closest planning and the most rigid economy it was paid, as well as the in~ terest on both places, but any payment 011 the principal was of necessity deferred until another year. “Property in the city is a fine thing to have. ” observed MIS Ward, when he handed her the receipt for the $95. 60 paid on the pavement. “\Vhen we retire we’ll go there to live." ‘ “Yes, if we are ever able to retire," she retorted. For Several weeks that house on the south side stood vacant. “If we were living nearer the city I believe we could rent it.” said Mr. Ward. “I guess people don't care to rent of an out-of—town owner." “Then why don’t you get someone in the city to look after it for you?" sug- gested his wife. “I didn’t want to, but I guess I’ll have to." So he listed the house with a real es- tate dealer. After the agent had looked the place over he informed Mr. Ward that no desirable tenants could be had for the house unless it was cleaned and rc-papered. “I had that house papered and fixed up last year. I can't see how it should need it again so soon.” said Mr. Ward. “Have you been in that house since your tenants left?” inquired the agent. “No. I was over there. but didn't go inside." “\Vell, go over and examine it yourself. Sce if you think it is fit to live in." Mr. Ward drove right over. He found its condition deplorable. How people. in less than a year's occupancy of a house, could manage to put it in the condition that one was in, was beyond his com- prehension. The woodwork was marred and scratched, and exceedingly dirty, the paper black with coal smoke and torn in placcS, while the windows were so filthy that one could hardly see through them. He went back to the agent. “Did I misrepresent things to you?” the latter inquired. “Not in the least.” “Is it any wonder yogr house is with- out a tenant?" “No,” replied Mr. Ward. “When I went to the house to collect ‘my rent I found it closed and the key left with the people living next door. I did not go inside, for I supposed that human beings had been living there, and that it had been left in a habitable condition. I find I was mis- taken. I have been laying the tenant- less condition of that house to the fact that the owner lived out of town." “That would make no difference what- ever. Just put your house in shape t0 live in and you will have tenants." “I really don’t see how I can attend to And I don' t know who I could get to do the work." "‘\\'e keep a man in our employ to clean and paper our houses. If you wish, he will attend to this’one of yours?" _"‘Very well. ‘It will have t0_be done I suppose.” . .. , , _ :“You know the dimensions of the If you want I Will figure out the where you stand.” “All right. Go ahead.” - _After considerable figuring the amount was given Mr. \‘Vard. It was so much cheaper than his tenant had done it that he was agreeably surpriSed. He told.the agent to go ahead with the work.” In due time everything was in first- class shape again and the house was rented to a carpenter. For several 1n,onths.the .rent came promptly. Then the carpenter had the misfortune to fall from a scaffold and break his leg. He had but little money ahead. W'inter was coming on. Coal bills and doctor’s ex- penses, with their living. took all of the money, the man had when hurt. ,Not'hing was left for rent. By the time he was able .to go, to work again .they were so farbehind with the rent that they con- cluded it would be cheaper to move than So theymoved. By this time it was spring. » "Do you know what I have’ a mind to do?” said Mr. Ward to his wife after having received a letter from the real estate dealer informing of the. removal of his tenant'and the agent’s failure to col- lect the rent. _ “Go to the city to live Rent this farm. Grandall wants to take it. Will work it on shares, We can live in that south side house. I'll do teaming. A man with a team like mine can make more money in the city teaming, and make it easier than he can on a farm. We will have no rent to pay there. VVe’ll have a share of everything raised on this place. and that will help us wonderfully on our living. What I earn can go towards paying for the places.” So roseately did he paint things that at last his wife consented to leave the place and go to the city. They had hardly gotten settled in their house on the south side before Mr. Ward began to complain about things. It was so far away from the business part of the city that he could not do well with the team. It. was fully three miles from his home to where he could get work with the team. Then there was no barn on the place where he lived. He had to rent a barn some three blocks away, and that was very inconvenient. As long as he had to have a barn, why not rent a place over town, one more centrally 10- “JULY 19, 1913; Gated, With a barn with it? The; réntcf the house‘where they‘wore' living/would help on the rent of a place over town: They. would just rent this house and go -over town to live. “0, yes, the tent from. here'will help on a house: over there—4f We get any rent, " remarked his wife with a remem- brance of past experiences. Discouragement, thy name is woman. Did ever a .man get things all figured out comfortably‘ and to suit himself, but that some woman had to come along and re~ mind him of unpleasant occurrences, or say something discouraging. “Vl'ell, I am not going to stay here. that's settled. I’ll not live here a. day longer than it takes to find a place over town,” said Mr. Ward decisively. “This place will do very well for a man work- ing in some of the shops about heme. .But it never in the world will do for a man who has to do teaming. I am going to look for a house over town today." For the best part of a week Mr. Ward put in his Spare time hunting houses. Their boy. Arthur, a lad ‘or eight. was down with the measles, so Mrs. Ward could not get away to help in the search. Houses were scarce in the part of town where he wished to go. He almost de- (Continued on page 54). lillliillllililllllHilillllllillmllllilllillllllillllllllllllil[HilllllliliillllllllliillllllllilIlillililliilllllllllIllll"Hill!”Illlllllllmll|llillllIlllllllllilllllillillililliliillllllllllilililllillllllllllIlmllllilillllllIlliilliilillililililmiii The Lion in the Water Main. By EARL R. RICE. “Come on, Dave." said the boys who stopped at the front porch that after- noon. “You'll miss the best part of the circus if you don't see the parade." “I'd like to go awfully well." said Dave, “but I can‘t do it. 'I’ve got to be home all the afternoon.” “Mother won't let him go,” laughed one of them. ”Thinks he’ll get lost in the crowd!" “Catch me staying home Saturday af— ternoon with “The Far West’ in town,” sneered another. Dave flushed and for a moment the chatting had its effect. Then he braced up. ' “It’s all off today fellows,” he said, and walked toward the side entrance to his home. He went quickly, but be over- heard the remark as the boys. made off toward the avenue: “Dave is a sissy, or he wouldn't be tied up to that step- mother of his. I'd cut and run if I were in his piace. He's going to miss the best parade. of the season, to say nothing of~" Then the voice was lost in the noi:e of the street and Dave went in with the sense of his boy friends’ disapproval ad— ded to his own disappointment. Of course he wanted to go. He wouldn't have been the normal healthy boy that he was if he had not. But it would have taken something far more attractive than a parade of “The Far West" to have caused his desertion from home that day. The dark-eyed lit- tle woman whom he called ”mother." but who was not his mother, after all, had won a real place in his heart. She had brought tenderness and sympathy into his life and a real mother's love when he was a lonesome little chap of eight years. and, save as she gave him leave. he would not go. And this afternoon she was sick and alone, excepting the pres- ence of Baby Jim, and would be until six o’clock when Dave’s father would return. ‘ “It's too bad, Jim.” she said, as he came up to her room. “I’m so sorry!" "Never mind, mother," was the reply. “Perhaps you’ll be better after awhile. Anyhow,,there‘ll be another show." A little cry from the "adjoining room in- terrupted them. Baby Jim was still awake and calling for attention. He proved a little fretful, and Dave took him in hand. He amused him for awhile and at last had the satisfaction of seeing him fast asleep under the cool cover of his cab. Perhaps it was the cab which suggested it. Possibly the band music which just then floated in from the avenue had something to do with it. Whichever it was, Dave had an inspiration. Mrs. Engle gave her consent and shortly after Dave and his little charge went out on the Street. * To reach the Showgrounds Dave must pass the front of an extensive park. It was in his mind to go to the farther side of this park and from there watch the great wagons and possibly catch a. glimpse of some of-the animals. He would not go nearer for fear of meeting some of the boys, whom he knew would be sure to chaff him on Baby Jim’s account. But to his disappointment, when he reached the corner desired, nothing save a practically deserted street could be seen. The parade was over. The time for the afternoon program had come. and from the big tent came now and then the sound of its progress. He turned in at the corner entrance of the deserted park and made his way'down to a place nearer the point of interest in the show- -grounds beyond. As Dave prOceeded. wheeling Baby Jim before him, he had constantly to dodge in and out in order to pass the sections of the great city water mains which work- men had left in the par,k preparatory to using in new lines under nearby con- struction. There were hundreds of these sections, each four feet in diameter and weighing tons, in the park at that time. Some of them lay carelessly end to end for long distances. and others at right angles to them. 'Dave and his friends had found theSe massive iron pipes, in their scattered arrhy.excellei1t places in which to play hide and seek, and he was familiar with all the paths through them. But they had no attraction fdr him this afternoon and he passed quickly to the Side of the park. A fence, broken here and there, separated the park from the field beyond. This field, twenty rods across. and badly neglected, had grown rank with flreweeds and immense bur- docks. These reached as high as a man’s head and to see over them Dave mount- ed a section of the main. There the mus- ic came clearly to him, he could watch the surge of the tents, and catch even the low roars of the lions. Baby Jim, in his cart near the fence, slumbered peace- fully in the shade of the trees. Dave had been watching and listening with interest for perhaps a quarter of an hour when a movement in the weeds be— yond the fence attracted his attention. At first he thought it was the wind swaying their tops but its recurrence indicated something else. It continued and slowly advanced toward the fence directly beyond a gap made by a couple of broken palings. . “One of the boys has seen me and is slying up.” thought Dave; “or perhaps it's a dog. Whichever it is I'll surprise him.” he concluded and slid down off the main He stepped toward the broken palings, but stopped short by the side of Baby Jim's carriage. His heart gave a great jump, for he stood face to face with the biggest lion he had ever seen, its yellow eyes glaring at him from the shelter of the weeds, a yard beyond the fence. Dave was only a boy and his first im- pulse, naturally, was to dodge and run. This he could easily -have done. To scramble up to the top of the mainkhe had just quitted. and from thence to the branches of a tree,_ would have taken but a moment. He could have done it in the interval afforded by the lion’s surprise. But the' baby stirred and whimpered in '«p‘ . .‘ n.1,“... v—u-ny ya, - , a. .... . JULY 19, 1913. his cart and the lion’s eyes shifted from Dave to Baby Jim. As the great beast sank a little lower, crouching for the next move, Dave re- covered himself with a start. He shift- ed from left to right foot with a sidestep and drew the cart to one side, out of the lion’s line of vision. As the weeds and palings of the fence hid for a moment the flaming eyes, Dave’s next move was quick and daring. He leaped With all the speed of his young legs to the farther end of the section of the water main he had a moment before been perched upon and pulled Baby Jim, cart and all, into its open shelter. As he did so he heard the crash of palings, mingled with the angry growls, and he knew that the lion had bounded through the broken fence into the park. In the stillness that followed Dave could feel the hungry animal creeping nearer the open end of his place of refuge. He backed toward the farther end and waited. Bewildered for a moment, the lion came cautiously on the trail of his prey. Had he been in doubt where to find it, Baby Jim’s cry of alarm at being drawn into the half darkness of the main would have guided him. He thrust his head into the main and began to creep forward, his glaring eyes burning into those of the brave lad before him. But again Dave eluded the great brute. He stepped out into the open and bound- ed forward to the protection of another section. He. knew that the li0n would not spring at him while inside the nar- row limits of the main and he would have a chance if only he could play the game long enough and be quick enough between the sections. But that he must be quick he knew, for as he dodged into the sec- ond section he caught sight of his pur- suer coming out of the first. “‘ithout waiting this time Dave ran forward and through the main. He knew the lion would follow. He heard him en- ter behind him and trot forward. The lion's caution was wearing off and his THE .MIC.HI the lion—snatched the little fellow out and gave the empty cab a desperate push in the direction of the advancing brute, now barely a Section behind. It struck the great cat fairly in front, turned over on its side and lay a puzzling barrier to his further progress. The lion drew back a moment at the encounter and Dave, dropping to his knees, pushed Baby Jim through the nar- row opening before him. Flat upon his stomach he wriggled after, and, with a half second to spare, stood up outside as the tawny muzzle of the lion was thr 1st into the circular slit. Growling horribly the savage beast tore at the iron sides with his teeth and nails. With Baby Jim in his arms, Dave cir- cled the section in front and ran toward the park entrance. Half way out a man in the dress of an animal trainer, hurrying forward with a 10ng iron pike in his hand, stopped him. “Yes, sir,” said Dave, in answer to his queStion, “he’s back there now, in that big water main.” Under Dave’s guidance the trainer ap- proached the open end of the pipe by which the lion had entered the trap, loosened another section lying near and, with his pike, rolled it around to close the opening. This done, the runaway was a prisoner. An hour later he was back safe in his cage. Baby Jim, at the same time, was back safe in his mother’s arms. OUTDOOR BASKETBALL. BY W. F. WILCOX. In the west and south basketball is a popular outdoor sport. In the east and north it is confined to indoors. There is no reason why it should not also become more of an outdoor sport in the latter sectionS, though, of course, it could not be played out of doors during the winter as it is in the south and west. Here in the arid regions practically ev- ery school in the towns and cities is equipped with a basketball field and the Game of Outdoor Basketball—a Most Beneficialv Form of Exercise. pace was quickening! There was no time to spare in the open this time and Dave was glad that but a step or two away a section was lying at right angles to the one he had just quitted. He ran through it and into the next a few feet beyond. In his haste to enter this he had not noticed that it lay end to end with sev- eral others, and he was too far in to re- treat when this fact became evident. He was alarmed to think that he must run a long distance in the sight of the lion now closing in just behind him. But the lad became doubly alarmed as he passed one, two, three sections and no opening in'front appeared. Like a flash it came to him that the end ahead was closed by a section lying at right angles to the one he was in. He was caught in a trap, and behind came the ringing of the‘lion's claws on the floor of his iron prison. But Dave’s knowledge of these run- waYS stood him in good stead. He did not despair; he must get Baby Jim out. There might yetrbe a Way out, if only he could reach it. As he hurried on he re- membered that the rounded side of the main which now..'seemed to bar his pro- gress left an'opening‘on either side, dOWn near the ground, through which he could squeeze if given a moment of time. At least he could push Baby Jim out to safety. . _ ‘He jumped in front of the cart—thus far hé”'had kept himself between it and game is played the year round. Many of the country schools also have outdoor basketball fields. Games between schools are frequent. As an outdoor sport it has no superior. All may play it. It is not so rough or dangerous to life and limb as baseball. There is no damage to windows as in baseball. The weak as well as the strong play—girls as well as boys. In some of the schools the girls and boys have their respective fields. . \Vhen played in the open it is a most healthful sport, taking the players out into the Sun and pure air, and such ex- ercise is the best that can be designed. It exercises every muscle. It combines running and throwing, movements for both arms and legs. There is consider- able skill in the game, too. Passing and team work become a fine art like which there can be nothing in baseball. Throw- ing goals is calculated to develop many excellent qualities. There are penalties for fouling and rough playing, which base- ball lacks. All in all, it is one of the noblest; of sportS. The equipment is simple. Two back- stops are needed at opposite ends of the field upon which are hung the goals. The foul lines have to be marked off similar to tennis lineS. A basketball is needed. Whether in regular games or just prac— tice, it is a commendable exercise and should be inaugurated as an outdoor sport in all sections and seasons in which the weather conditions will permit. 5. 9—53 GAN FARMER Can make 100 mile anhour Yet safe in hands of 10 year boy The Excelsior, the fastest and most powerful of motor- cycles, is far the caries! controlled. Your hands never leave the handle bars. The clutch is controlled by the left-hand grip,the throttle by the right. The most powerful motorcycle engine ever made—obeys your slightest touch. Every Excelsior victory is made with a motor of this regular not]: design. You need never take the dust of any machine, on two wheels or four, riding on an ' Excelsior —the only motorcycle with complete handle bar control The Excelsior lasts for years. The machines of pioneer days still give good acnice. Its remarkable strength and endurance is proved in its racing triumphs. Exclusive Excelsior features such as the shock-absorb in: Kulnfort Kushion scat-post and spring fork make it easiest riding. Write for llluotroted Catalog and Dealer’s Name. Learn all the facts about the Excelsior-how it is lastcsnpcasicst riding. safest. "“‘ell’fibfpi'c‘ifif’w‘ gee \, Excelsior Motor Mfg. / E9 & Supply Co. Write today : , Dent. J , Chico” Best at Portland, Ore. Races, June 9, I913 Excelsior won six first- and one second out of seven events. An Excelsior four- horoopower single, which Ind run 68,000 miles In daily service, mode the miles In five minutes not .Jnteot “1:1an In class. {7. «a [1" 6’4 is" ’ ‘ (II V‘ \\ Ixeelslor Single. 4-5 h. p., price 200 Excelsior Twin. 7-10 h. 1).. price 250 The Best Beverage under the Sun- n.1, A welcome addition to any party- any time—any place. Sparkling with life and wholesomcness. At Demand the Genuine—— Soda Refuse Substitutes Fountains or Carbon- ScndlrFch kl. ' o c 00 ct ated m bottles. 53-A THE COCA-COLA COMPANY, Atlanta. Ga. A $50 MAc’iiiNEmR 0mm New Model with Ball Bearing Head and Stand—Automatic Tension Release—Automatic Lift Drop Head—High Ann—Oak or Walnut Table. We Pay the Freight arifflow 90 Days, Trial ll Our new model, im- proved Michigan Farmer sewing machine has cam thread take up, giving better control of the thread and makingabet- ter stitch than any other arrangement. Running it backwards will not break the thread. It has high- est arm, disc tension,’au- tomatic bobbin winder with loose band wheel, high lift for heavy work. Guaranteed for 20 Years. All . montnu mm" Ball-Bearing MENTS. V, stud puma" and money refunded if not satis- ’ factory after 90 days’ trial. Com- plete attachments, accessories and instruction book free. We COMPLETE guarantee this machine to be m EVERY first-class in every particular, , handsome in appearance and RESPECT. equal to any machine made. Same machine without the au- tomatic Lift for only $18, Goodi Machines as . Low as $12. as For $_7 extra. we will send the $19 machine with automatic lift in a hand- some cabinet frame. cow-Que - No? We prepay freight to any freight. station east of the Mississippi River, or south to Tennessee. You cannot afford to buy a machine until you have I sent for our handsome illustrated free catalog, printed in colors. THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, Michigan. 54~~10 ‘ 1 THE MICHIGAN, FARME’R' THE SEASONS OF LI FE-l—‘By GRACEVVAI‘ENES‘ THOMPSON. . ‘ As the sweet, fresh days of early spring-~ time Steal silently upon the sleeping land, Dispelling every ling’ring trace of win- er, As it with fairy’s wondrous, unseen wand—~— 80. came our infancy. As adown the glades and south-sloped hillsides, In forest glen and by the winding lane, The lovely flowerets spring; and as the sunshine Beams warm and glad, or softly falls the rain, \Vhile still the sun shines through Earth's tears That dry as quickly as they come, and leave no pain—— So passed our childhood by. downward As the gladsome days of light and beauty Flit by as lightly as on go—‘samer wings, Enchanting heart and mind with raptu- rous pictures Of Love and Life-mysterious. untried things— with half so eetness Approach the joys of which fair Nature Until unconscious grace and sin n;gs T'hen softer sigh the zephyrs, and the moonlight Sheds holier influence with the calm it brings— Thus glided youth away. As the summertime advances slowly I‘Vith now and then :1 day of storm and wind, But otherwise a peaceful restful quiet 'lhat moulds the thought and vivifies the mind. When, though resounds the city’s busy bustl e, In soft rep08e seems all the land en- twined; For e’en the sound of mowing, onward wafted By airy breath, and ever groping blind The thump of bats upon the window casement, The distant low of cows to call their kind, ‘ ’ . The hum of bees, diffuse a dreamy some- thing Throughout the air, that lulls; and all things find Sweet reFt—the song-birds croon a gent- ler Wooing— And man has found the peace for which he pincd— Like this our later day. While the last, prized days of summer linger, A soul-felt‘hush hangs over lake and field. \Vhile comes that grander sense of slow maturing That gilds the scene, by Autumn’s fin- gers sealed. The pathle‘ss forest, aged, yet still ma- jestic, \\ here huntsman’s riiie- note has never pealed; “here squirrels chirp, and serpents glide in silence; \‘Vhere wonders lie, to no man yet re- vealed, ls painted by an unseen artist, shading Reds and yellows in a stately, dark green field. The rural farms, well-tilled in earlier season, Long watched with care, their richest harvests yield; The nodding grain bends low beneath the ‘sickle; The orchard shakes from branches eld; Within the woodland sounds the fount- ain’ 5 music its ripened fruit. Unceasing, till by Winter’s cold con- gealed, And every doubt and weary, sad soul- yearning By Mother Nature’s loving hand is healed— Thus shall our old age be. Then upon the scene made ripe by An- tumn Descends the pall of Death and Earth‘s sad doom; o’er the rugged hills it hangs sublime. And where the meadow spread its gol~ den bloom; AcroSs the stubbly cornfields, scaxecrow, where the Alert and vicious, standing still; whele loom The lofty elms and noble oaks, unyield- ing Awaits the grim Death— hand. No splen- did tomb Is raised to hide the leaves that dead or J dying Lie all about from forest room to room The busy wood- folk seek their hibernat- mg. The howling of the wind, the crash and om Of falling trees, listener. Yet when white Winter dons his shin- ing plume. Beatified here where the year declining \Vith age, lies dead in glory, not in gloom— May thus our own rest be. arouse and awe the Illlllll|IlHilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllii'lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllUlIllllllllllIlll[Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll!llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllmllllllllilflllllllllllfllilllllllillflllllllllllllllflhllllllllllllllllllllllll THE WARDS’ CITY PROPERTY. (Continued from page 52). Spaired of finding one after he had look- ed for a week. “I found :1 house today,” he said one evening after newly a week and a half of fruitless searching. “It does not suit me. Nor do I think it will suit you. Houses over town. as good as the one we are living in, rent for eighteen and twenty dollars a month. I can't afford to pay over fifteen. so I couldn‘t get a good one. It was the best I could do, however.” “As soon :18 Arthur is able to be out we will move." replied Mrs. “am. In three weeks they were over \there. Mrs. “’ard shed a few tears as she look- ed the rooms over and placed the furni- ture around to hide the broken places in the plaster. It was very old-fashioned and sadly in need of repairs. The oWner refused to spend any money on it as he calculated tea‘ing it down the next year and building new. The rent they were paying was cheap for the location, but Llrs. \Vurd couid not help thinking of the homes she had left. “Think of it." she said one day after they had been there about a month. “\\'e own two good l1o11scs~ :1111l liVo in a shanty. “'hy, «1111' ('l1iclx'c11-hous1- in the country is better than this. Positively, this gives me the horrors." “If you 0:111 find anything around here any better for sixteen :1 month I’ll pav it. But I simply can‘t afford to go any higher,” replied Mr. “'ard. “\‘Vell, I’ll look armmd and see what I can do. I didn’t drive the tacks very securely in the carpets. If I can find anything I like lwttcr I’ll take them up again. for I’ll not st:1y hcro any longer than I can help it,” she exclaimed. “Now that we are living in town I’ll let you look after the renting of our house if you want to. You and go over Ward 011 the south side, know you can take :1 0111‘ there any time from here," Mr. Suggested. She had told him. while living in the country, that he was too easy with his tenant“, that he did not give them to understand they were to pay or get out, and that she wished that she might at- tend to the business end of that place of theirs in the city. So now she was quite willing to act upon this suggeStion. “I’ll do it,” shr- exclaimed. “And every dollar I get from the rent of that house shall go towards Daring rent on a place here.” She advertised in the papers for ten- ants. They wero to call mornings. Af- ternoons she went out looking for an- other house for themselves. “As soon as I get that south side house rented I shall have more time to look for a heuse for us.” she explained in an- swer to her hUSband’s inquiry as to how she was getting along house hunting. Quite a nunlber called in answer to her advertisement. She was not favor- ably impresSed with their looks. At last a man called who said he was working in the south part of town and was look- ing for just such a house. He looked honest and talked good, so she promised the house to him. He paid his rent and moved in. Then she started out in good earnest to look for :1 house for themselves. She did not go to any of the real estate deal- ers for assistance as she wanted to see What she could do about it herwlf. All day she walked .the streets looking for houscs. The next day it was the same. Each day brought her “home at night foot- sore and heartsick. She had not sup- posed that. in a place where houses seemed to be the main thing. it would be. such a difficult matter to find :1 suit- able one. If she found one that she lik- ed there was no barn, or the rent was too high, or they would not rent to any- one with children. She courageously kept up the search for nearly a month, by which time, with the home work that she was obliged to do, the walking that she was not used to. and the worry of it all, she was nearly sick. “I’ll not take another step looking for a house." she announced upon her return after a day of unusual disappointments. “i believe I have walked miles enough in the la>‘t three weeks to take me across the State. But l‘m through. This house is positively wretched. Actually, I am a>hamcd to be seen in the yard. I sel- (l17lll go out on the front porch I am so afraid some of my friends will happen by and see me. Then they’ll know that wc live in this miserable place. But I‘ll live here the rest of my natural life be— fore I'll walk another block looking for houses.” _ “Becoming resigned, are you? Soon you'll be going about here singing ‘A tent or a cottage—what do I care? They’re building for me a home over thcrc.’ ” said Mr. “'al‘d. “No, indeed. I'll not. For I do care a whole lot,” exclaimed Mrs. Ward. “\\'l1y, ~when I go to church Sundays.” and she would not give up the church-going for she must get away from the sordidness of it all once in a while, she declared. “YeS, at church when the ladies ask me where I live I tell them Lincoln Street, but I am careful not to give the number on Lincoln for fear some of them might take a notion to call.” “I‘Vell, l'll acknowledge this isn’t the most beautiful place in the world, but for the present what better can we do?" “No better. I see for myself how it is. \l’efll have to get along with this.” So they stayed where they were. Dur— ing the summer months the rent from the south side house was always ready when Mrs. “’al‘d called for it. But towards fall she would take a car over there, only to come back without any rent money. After several weeks of waiting and not a few ineffectual trips over there, she marched forth one day “clothed with de- termination,” as she expressed it, to get some rent or know the reason why. When she reached the house she found they were not at home. “They are gone on that excursion to- day." the neighbors informed her. She would have liked to have gone on that excursion herself, but she could not af- ford it. “I’ll be back tomorrow,” she told the neighbors. Bright and early the next morning she started back. She would catch them this time before they had a chance to get away. A car went within a few blocks of the house. As she was nearing the place she met the wife of their tenant. just leaving. Mrs. “'ard spoke to her, saying: “I was on my way to your home. Came to see about that rent. I was here yesterday, but you were away On that excursion. I suppose I can get the money today. It is long pnst due." "I know, Mrs. “'ard," she said very sweetly. “I was just going over town to get it for you. I’ll bring it over to you this afternoon " Mrs \Vard felt sure that she was not telling the truth. But she could do noth~ ing. It was useless to stop. She turned to go back, the woman walking along with her. “That is where my father lives,” she said to Mrs. Ward. pointing to a pretty place they were paSsi.ng. “A very pleasant place," observed Mrs. \\'ard rather stiffly. “Yes. my father is well 011'. He makes lots of money. See those new houses over there?” she said. pointing with pride to a row of new houses on another street. “He owns them. 'He is putting his mon- ey into houses to rent.” “\Vell, I would advise him to put no money in houses to rent unleSs he has better success in renting them than we do. Why don’t you rent one of your father's houSes?” “Oh, I don’t know. I suppose we could if we wanted to. My sister lives just across here. I’ve got to stop there. You needn‘t wait. I‘ll bring the money over this afternoon, sure." and she hurried across the street, leaving Mrs. “'ard to go on alone. “She didn‘t come, though." Mrs. “’ard said to her husband that evening as she was reciting to him the history of her trip. ' “Shall I tell you who I saw today?" inquired Mr. Ward when she had fin- fished. “Yes. “'110 was it?” “Mr. Crandall. He wants to give up our farm. “‘1‘“ let me have the 010115 for harvesting them if I’ll take the farm off his hands. He has a good position offered him here in the city that he is very anxious to take. Can’t take it though unless we will take the place back. What do you say? Want to go back?” 0h, joy! Of course she did. could they have it? “Right away. And he knows of aman who will take that south side house off our hands, too. “'ill pay us all that we’ve put into it. I believe I’ll let it go. I don‘t want to bother with it any longer. Do you?" “I should say not. Let him have it, quick. City property is all right for those wholike it. but a place in the coun- try is good enough for us.” she said with enthusiasm. “Oh. I’m glad we're going back, aren't you?” And he gently murmured,’ How soon ”Yes." .1th 19, 1913. A Sweet. - I crisp. Delicious . “Bite-TO-Eat” Post Toasties Dainty bits of pearly *white corn, perfectly cooked and toasted to delicate ”brown.” Usually eaten direct from package with cream. and sugar. Or sprinkle Toasties‘ over a saucer of fresh berries-— then add the cream and sugar —a dish to remember. Post Toastiesare sold by Grocers everywhere. a 1 1110mm “ammonium. .. 3331x3371. ’12 motor In lamps. dries, parts and rep-1:. for all makes of bicycles on. YOUR APPLES WILL m You MORE MONEY After you have installed I Monarch Hydraulic Cider tors, elm. in the country. ' A. I. I'm 00., title: 103.!“33. WANTED FOR U. 8. ABIY—Abl o-bollod. married men !“between a... Is and 36-, oitixonau of 01.3 or havefl {apex-31m. o 0 arm Inferno habits. w read and write the Eng sh lanfuage: good pay, food. lodging, clothing and median attendance free. For information apply at Rooruitlnéfltation. 212 Griswold 81th.“.Det1-oit Mich Hoavenrieh lock 18Saginaw. Mich. 4W. Main St. Jackson. Saginaw 838.. Flint. Mich' Huron & Quay hStaI? Port Huron. Mich. ZEN. Saginaw- Stu Pontiac, Michigan [BARN AUCTIONEERING‘Ifiéfi‘S3832?? with no onpitl invested. Write today for [m0 catalog of 121°, 11' 8 Greatest School of JAuctioneeriniz. Summer (111803 Jul 8th. JONES NAT'L SCHOOL 06F InAU TIONEEBING.14 N. Sacramento Bl.vd .. Chicano. Ill ' WANTED! At once a few men, who are hustlers, for soliciting. No experience necessary. Good salary guaranteed and expenses paid. The work 13 dignified, healthful and instructive. In writing give refer- ences and also state whether you have a horse and buggy of your own. Address 5011 .I. it, one Michigan Farmer, Detroit. 2 Ha ufe ARV Terr 1'53} N601111131; 11111151121150 (11.11.01. 1 1:1 11:1 SKUNK FARMING‘??$P$’§'3’° ,shoep. cattle or poultry. Requires less space an malloa taltaottart. 80nd! rtr i MON r n FARMING 00-130; 38%?«133‘1‘33 —H d LWANTED p$11“n."fiifi.i3§1?§§°.$§§”i Carey M. Jones. President. conducted Government Examln not. l.on Trial Bx» amlnation Free. Write, (lament. 17. B. St. Louis. Mr. FARM MAN JUST DROP ME A POSTAL I will give Ion liablel format) “ Money on Your odtweag” on touring? :38". this W3... M. mu 273 iii" ‘10.. 11.11.11; list. ' {3. M 1. am»... ..>~'M~o‘" - «1;. . .2. hi ”Mm-v- yaw” - THE‘ .MICHIGANQFARM'ER - l ’1) m VOIIIfll],£lIl(lHCI’ ' ana Elsewhere At Home {r Happy Memories VS. a Bank Account. OW much pleasure may we justly H' deny our children today in order that we may lay up money to leave them at some distant time in the "future? And for the matter of that, how much are~we justified in denying our- selves the pleasures and comforts of this world in order to amass a fortune for future heirs to quarrel over? Of course, no one has a rght to spend all as he goes along. leaving nothing to provide for old age or misfortune. But after we do that is it not better to spend the rest for things we can enjoy now in- stead of putting enjoyment off into the remote future when we will be too spent with Working. and penurious from habit to know how to enjoy? Are we not do- ing better by our children to simply fit them to take care of themselves and earn their own way and let them have the things young folks crave, than to deprive them of toys, books and the food they like so that we may lay up for the future? Two families of my acquaintance are working out the tw0 ideas, one to pinch and save all they possibly can, the other to save enough to ensure themselves in- dependence in old age, and live happily and easily as they go. The. first couple have really accomplished wonders: on their salary. They have paid for two houses and have all snug little bank ac- count about which, by—the-way, they con- stantly brag. The second couple, have not yet paid for the first home. and their . bank account is a rather small affair. But there is little 'of enjoyment in the first home. Expenses are figured on with an intensity that leaves little thought for higher things than money. So much is allowed for groceries, .and if the market prices go up for a few days the family is stinted for food so that a larger sum than is allowed for the table may go into the bank. It never occurs to the mother that in robbing her children of food she .more precious heritage than is robbing them of health, which is a. money. The husband is allowed just 15 cents a day for noon lunch. \Vhen one day the wife diacovered that he had actually ,spent ten cents more for a piece of straw- berry shortcake, the first of the season, she cut him down next day to a nickle So as to make things even up. Of course. magazines. books and music are extravagances not to be thought of lightly. A $4.00 velocipede for the small boy and a real doll cab for the girl cost too much. They might better have the money in the bank to fall heir to when father and mother pass out. The poor kiddies have to trust to the generosity of playmates for any rides they may get though their father boasts that he makes more money than anyone else in the street. At theother home things go a little easier. The family have the food they need, good nourishing, appetizing viands with occasional delicacies. The mother is not extravagant, she utilizes all left- overs, but she thinks. and rightly, that the human machine needs as thorough care as any insensate one. There are books and music. food for the soul, and the children have enough amusements to keep them contented. They are dressed with good taste in garments not more than one season out of date, and feel that they can hold up their heads with their mates. There is no extravagance. neither is _there such it striving to save that the home atmosphere is one of constant ten- sion. Everyone is comfortable both in mind and body and a moderate amount is laid by» each month for the future. Of course, only the future will Show which family comes out right. But it seems to me it is better to lay up a fund of happy memories for our future, than to provide a bank account out of great lllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllillllllHilllllllllilllllllllillllllllll|lilli2lllllllllllllllllllllllHIIIllllllllllllfillllllllllllllllllllllllllllll!lllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllIlliHllllllll!llllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllflfE!!llllllllllllllllllllllllllll WHAT TO DO WHEN YOU CAN’T SLEEP. BY ANNA RUTHERFORD. When one cannot. sleep because of having eaten too late or too hearty a supper, or being fatigued or worried, one usually knows the cause and the remedy is not far to seek. But my purpose is, to help those who are temperamentnlly poor sleepers; for I am one of that class myself, and my advise is based on per— sonal experience more than theory. I have learned, to a large extent, how to overcome that enemy to health, vitality and good looks, insomnia. First of all I will say, let drugs alone. Drugs to produce sleep are always dan— gerous, unless prescribed by a physician, and even then should seldom be resorted to unless one is suffering from some physical malady. Sleep is a habit. A very natural and beneficial habit, but one that can be badly broken up by in- judicious living and thinking. Poor sleep- ers are usually high-strung, nervous peo- ple with too active bodies or brains, or both, who are ambitious and inclined to neglect themselves. Sometimes they are ' very conceitedpeople who think too much about themselves and what others think of them. \‘i'hen you cannot sleep and find that your sleeplessness is becoming a habit, begin immediately to go slower. Curb your! ambition, leave .of all unnecessary work and learn how to rest. and your brain need repose and rest, but the trouble with most people who “can- not-sleep” is, they do not know how to rest. They, do not stop thinking, f plan- ining, worrying. and go tobed with ac- tive brains and only partly relaxed bodies {and then worry ~bec'ause‘sleep does not come. Perfect. relaxation 'ofv‘body and mind is the first essential. And? relaxa- ,whose wakefulness Your body, bitterness of spirit. DEBORAH. .tion of either ‘one helps to relax the other. There is one exercise, recommended by eminent physicians, which, if properly practiced, will he found very beneficial in more ways than in coaxing sleep. Stand erect. but without stiffness, arms hanging easily at the sides. Now very gently inhale breath through the nostrils, at the same time lifting the arms straight out at the sides. timing them so that when the lungs are fully inflated the thumbs touch above the head. Raise the face slightly at the same time toward the ceiling. Then without holding the breath, cxhale gently, sweeping the arms. hands together, downward and for- ward, so that when the exlmlation is complete they shall be again hanging easily at the sides. Extreme gentleness and slowness muSt be observed. avoiding all force and haste. Let the air flow into the lungs, don’t force it in. The more slowly and gently this simple exer- cise is practiced the greater will be the results. it will aid greatly in relaxing mind and body and allaying nervousness, even pain. “'hen wakefeulness is caused by a dull, sedentary life, more physical activity, outdoor sports and brisk walking are good. Slow outdoor walking and deep beneficial to those is the result of wor- breathing are very ry or fatigue. Too much food should not be taken and only such as is easily digested. Onions, eaten any way liked, or clear onion soup, have a sedative effect, also warm or hot milk at bedtime and a warm bath just before bedtime. Sometimes,_ when one has tried almOst everything else, chang- ing to another room or bed is helpful. or reversing one's position in bed and ele— jvating‘ head and .shoulders with several pillows. . ~ . Make yourself, comfortable in bed, in a cool room, and realize that the bed is %§ 1%? tea. 7) holding yOu, not you the bed. Feel as heavy as you can. Then don’t count or con dull sayings; you want to make the mind a blank, stifle thought. and this can be done with a little practice. But if thoughts persist in presenting themselves a mental repetition of the wordS, “Let go——relax—relax,” will aid you in relax- ing and letting go. Then if you cannot sleep don't worry over it, for any kind of worry will only prolong your wakeful— ness. Be content to rest and after a while Sleep will come. Do not go to bed t00 early when you cannot sleep and do not get up too early, unless you positively have to. Even a. short morning nap, when one has lain awake many hours of the night, is very refreshing. Above all. go to bed in a pleasant state of mind. One need not expect sleep if the brain is burdened with anxiety, wor- ry. jealousy, regret or anything else un- desirable. A clear conScience, a hopeful spirit and an optimistic View of life are powerful aids to sleep as well as to di- gestion and the general bodily health. THE BABY IN SUMMER. BY CHARLOTTE A. AIKENS. In New York city for years a. corps of doctors and trained nurses have been employed during the summer months to try to prevent the babies of the poorer districts from dying from the combined results of hot weather. city conditions on} parental ignorance and neglect. Through these and similar efforts the infant death rate in cities has been greatly reduced, especially the death rate from summer diSorders. It is believed much more might be accomplished if the mothers could be taught before the hot weather comes, the dangers that threaten the lives of their little ones, and how to avoid them. Cards and pamphlets in different lan- guages, with rules of guidance as to how to prevent summer disorders and what to do if they are threatened. are left with the mothers.‘ They are shown how to cleanse nursing bottles, are told Where to go for pure milk and how to care for it and prepare it; they are shown how to bathe the baby and clothe it and when to take it out-of—doors. etc. in Chicago similar methods are carried on, though not on such an extensive :cale. Mothers“ meetings are held where much wise, helpful. practical teaching is given. Associationsfor supplying certified milk for babies have been formed. In practically all large cities some such ef- forts are being made to save the babies. Some of the rules given to mothers of the poor in cities are quite worthy of being handed on to mothers who are not poor, in the country districts. For in- stance: Don’t rock and joggle the baby up and down. Don't give the baby a pacifier or com- foi‘tei‘. Keep the flies away from baby. “Pacifiers,” and “comforters,” it might bo added in passing. have been classed as “the devil’s invention." These are some of the rules and sug— gestions I‘tcmcmbcr there is nothing so good for the baby as the mother's milk. Don’t feed the baby anything else un- less told to do so by a doctor. Keep the bottle of milk in a cool place. Don't open the bottle before the baby is ready to be fed. Use a fresh bottle and a clean nipple for every feeding. Don’t feed the baby cold milk. Don't feed the baby too much or often. Don’t eat pickles or sour riurSing a baby. Remember, there is more danger in feeding too much than too little. Feed at regular hours and if the baby cries at other times give it cool boiled water. Don’t give it any milk in case of diarr- hoea but‘consult a doctOr at once. Don’t handle the baby too much. Let too foods when it alone. Don‘t pick it up every time it cries. Don't put too much clothing on it. Bathe it in a tub every day. Don't allow the baby to stay in a close room, but give it fresh air night and day. Don’t let the baby sleep in the bed with any other person. If there is no crib arrange chairs with soft covering over them. so the baby can't fall. If a baby is worth having it is worth saving, by following these rules. SOME L-ABOR SAVERS. BY MARY v. BLUE, The dustless dusters now on the mar— ket are a great convenience to the house- wife. These dusters pick up and retain every particle of dust, the dust is not shaken or beaten out but must be wash— ed out with warm water and soap. We have made several at home which are more economical than the manufactured article, and also do as efficient work. the only difficulty being they soil the hands while dusting. To make these dusters bu‘y ten cents worth of paraffin oil at the drug store and soak an old piece of flannel in it over night; in the morning hang in open air to dry, and you will have a dustless cloth with which to dust and polish fur- niture. “'hen the cloth becomes dusty wash in soapsuds. These cloths can be quhcd many times without additional oil. Old flannel cut into strips rugs, treated with paraffin oil and fast— ened in an ordinary mop handle. makes an excellent mop for hardWood floors. A mop dampencd with 'half turpentine and coal oil will keep a floor in good con- dition. A roll of different grades of sand paper in the kitchen will save time. It is very useful for scouring any article that is rusted, for removing burned substances from utensils and for keeping griddle and Skillets smooth. like carpet \ fivedrent vegetable brush is .‘l great aid in washing milk pails. All vegeta- blcs can be cleaned in half the time with these brushes, and thcy are excellent for Wlehing overalls, wristbands. and shirt collars. A high stool in the kitchen to enable the worker to sit and still have her arms above the table level, is :1 boon. Our kitchen table was much too small So we had tw0 shelves about six inches wide put on the back of it. On the low- er shelf we keep salt. pepper, soup, matches, a can for meat fryings, tea and coffee; on the top shelf we place the dishes when wiped. 0n them shelves we plat-c slate :is this is easily cleaned. The top of the table has :1 strip nailed around and is covered with zinc. \\'hcn ironing cover the irons on the .stch and they will keep much hotter. Tho irons will retain the heat much long— er if placed on a hot brick or soapstone instead of the iron stand. Asbestos mats costing only a few cents protect baking when the oven is too hot. Food on the stove may be kept from burning by uSing them. During an illness when hclp could not be procured our little daughter placed the potatoes in a wire basket, she removed the basket from the water and thus saved the danger in draininig. Place a wire fan inside the dripping pan. then scold dishes and remove wire pan from water. The dishes require no wiping. Many uses can be found, for a small vegetable press. A wide mouth funnel made to fit in a can pays for itself many times over in filling cans. A few moth balls put in each hill of cucumbers or melons will keep the striped beetles away and save the vines. These balls which may be had at any drug store cost only a few cents per pound and pay for themselves many times OVer. Placed in henS' nests it is claimed they are beam eficial in ridding the-place of mites-E. E. Mrs. Tenacre—“Deary me! John wants to buy another piece of ground and farm it! That means more hands at harvest time—more dishes to wash— Oh, I hate the farm!” Anty Drudge—“I know you are too tired out to realize what you are saying. But don’t bother about extra work. Here’s an extra helper, and one that you can always use. Fels-Naptha Soap will clean your dishes, wash your clothes and do all your work better and easier than ever before.” An extra help- er! That’s just w h a t F e l s - Naptha Soap is! It helps in all kind of ways, and makes all sorts of work easy. F orwashing clothes, cleaning greasy pots and pans, washing dirty floors—use F els- Naptha Soap, cool or lukewarm water, half the strength and time you are used to using and see how fine the results will be. Fels-Naptha Soap dissolves grease, makes stains and dirt disappear. Directions on the Red and Green Wrapper tell you how to make your work easy. . Fell & 00., Philadelphia. DAISY FLY KILLER ”WNW“- “' I tractl and Hill all . fllal. Neat. clean. 0'- mmental, convenient. cheap. I...” all IOIJOII. Made of metal, can't spill or tip over: will not soil or injure anything. Guaranteed eficctive. Sold by Dealer. or 6 lent prepaid for 81. um m. 150 Daub Av... Brooklyn. l. I. 1 Chairs &Tricycles " - N. For Inn“: all leu Worthington Co. it 5500018361.. W‘.. 0. THE” MICHIGAN_ FVAR,M.E_R FOU R CROCH ET PATTERNS. BY GENEVA M. SEWELL. Ribbon , Edging. Chain 8, turn. First Row—1 tr in the 3d and each of the following 3 st, 4 ch fasten with a. slip stitch at the end, turn. Second Row—~10 tr in the hole just Ribbon Edging. formed, 3 ch. fasten with 1 tr in the last st of previous row, turn. Third Row 3 ch, 4 tr in the hole just formed, 4 ch, fasten with a slip st, in the 4th tr of the scallop, turn. Repeat from the second row. This is a quickly made and very pretty edging where one wants to run a num- ber two ribbon. It is fine for underwear, and when made with coarse thread Will outwear several garments. Crochet Edging. Ch 4, turn. First Row—3 tr in 4th st of the foun- dation, ch 2, 3 tr in same place, turn. Second Row—3 ch, 3 tr, 2 ch, 3 tr in 2 ch. turn. Third Row~3 ch then shell (3 tr, 2 ch, 3 tr), in shell 1 tr in 3 ch, turn. Fourth tow—3 ch, shell in shell, 6 tr in lOop of 3 ch, 3 ch, 6 tr in same loop faStcn with a slip st in point of next shell, turn. Fifth Row—1 sc in each of the 6 tr, 3 ch fasten with 1 sc in first st of middle loop, 3 ch, fasten with 1 se in the sec— ond st of middle loop. 3 ch, fasten with 1 so in last st of middle loop, 1 so in each Crochet Edging. of the 6 tr, 1 ch shell in shell, Repeat from 2d row. This pretty edging is ch, turn. crochet cotton or wool for trimmings for a baby‘s clothing. Crochet Scallop. Ch 4 turn. First Row—Make a shell (3 tr, 2 ch, 3 tr), in last st of foundation. Turn. Second Row—3 ch, shell in shell, turn. Third Row-5 ch, shell in shell, 1 tr in 3 ch, turn. , ' Fourth Row—3 ch, shell in shell, 1 tr in 3 lovely made in ltr Crochet Scallop. in last tr of last shell (2 ch, 1 tr, in loop of 5 ch), five times, fasten with a slip st in the point of next shell, turn. Fifth Row—1 dc, 1 tr, 1 dc, in each loop of 2 ch, around the scallop, fastening with a slip st OVer each tr, shell in shell, 1 tr in 3 ch, turn. Repeat from second row. This quickly made edging is very nice for underwear or for children’s clothing. It may be made in heavy cotton or in yarn. If wished the tiny edge on the scallop may be made of some contrasting color, the white being slip-stitched back to where it will be used again. Fillet Lace. Chain 21. First Row—1 dc in 3d st of ch from hook, ch 2, skip 2, 2 do in next 2 sts, ch 2, skip 2, 4 do in next 4 sts, ch 2, skip 2, 4 do in last 4 sts. Second Row—Ch 2, 4 do in loop, ch 2, 2 do in loop, 2 do in 2 do, 1 do in dc, 1 do in top of ob at end of row. Third Row-~Ch 2, 1 do in dc, ch 2, 4 do in 4 dc, 2 do in loop, ch 2, 4 do in loop, ch 3, 4 do in same loop. Fourth Row—Ch 2, 4 dc under ‘ch 3, ch 3, 4 do under s'ame ch 3, ch 2, 2 do in loop, 6 do in 6 dc, ch 2,1 do in dc, 1 do in top of ch 2 Fifth Row—Ch 2, 1 do in do, ch 2. 8 do in ‘8 do, 2 do in loop, ch 2, 4 do under ch 3, ch 3, 4 dc under same ch 3. Sixth ‘Row———Ch 2, 4.dc under ch 3, ch 3, 4 do under same ch 3, ch 2, 4 do in loop, ch 2, skip 2 do, 8 do in 8 dc, finish like .4th row. Seventh Row—Ch 2, 1 do in do, ch 2, 6 do in 6 dc, ch 2, 4 do in loop, ch 2, 4 do in loop. Eighth Row—Ch 2, 4 do in loop, ch 2, 4 do in loop, ch 2, skip 2 dc, 4 dc in4dc, ch 2, 1 do in dc, 1 do in top of ch 2. Ninth Row—Ch 2, 1 do in do, ch 2, 2 do in dc, skip 2 dc, Ch 2, 4 do in loop, ch 2, 4 de in loop. This finishes one point. Second row. Coarse thread is the order of the day in all crocheting, and it has every point Repeat from JULY 19, 1913. snap dragons are gorgeous now from last fall’s plantingand so are the other things. Owing to the dry weather where I live, they have not done as well as might be expected in other Seasons, but they are doing the best they can. Ieal- culate that the bed will last three years without disturbing. Then I planted hardy phlox, much against. the advice of friends, and Chrys- anthemums, hardy gladioli, hardy sweet peas, pinks, sweet \Villiams, iris, peonies and other favorites. Not a great many of each and not in any attempt to ar- range them by colors or in any other way, but just a dear, old-fashioned confusion of plants such as my grandmother used to have. Then in the Spring all that was necessary was to scratch around the plants a little and strew the marigolds and other easily cared for annuals among the hardy plants. A busy woman has 110 business with a big garden nor with Fillet Lace. in its favor. It is easier to make and washes and wears much better than the fine laces that were so much in evidence 25 years ago. This fillet lace is very effective as trimming for the little guest towels so much in demand. it an insertion is wanted to go with it make both edges like the top one. it will be a little wider than the. lace but is very pretty. In fastening or sewing the lace to tow- els or pillow cases, they .may be hem- Stitched with a narrow hem or a simple roll hem may be used to sew the lace on with and the hemstitching be reserved for the lower edge or all the hems may be roll hems. This is a question of the individual taste of the maker. If you wish to introduce a touch of color in the work the heavy edge may be worked in with a delft blue. This is done by fastening in the blue thread at that end and when you have crocheted that far with the white, just drop it and take up the colored and finish the seal- lop and work back to where you dropped the white then drop the colored and take up the white again. This is something decidedly new and novel. A BUSY WOMAN’S FLOWER GARDEN. BY HILDA RICHMOND. The average farm can not support a formal garden such as many women would like to have, and yet it may have a few easily cared for beauties, if just a little time may be spared for the flower beds. Also it may be cared f0r by a very busy woman without aSSistance. provid- ed the plants and seeds are chosen wise- 1y. Autumn is the ideal time for the busy woman to make her garden, and when the spring work comes on with a rush and domestic help is impossible to find, she will have a mind at ease and the certainty of having a wealth of bloom all summer. By making a wise selection of tulips. hyacinths and other fall bulbs it is easy to “kill two birds with one stone” in fall planting. I dig up and fertilize my small plot well and plant my bulbs. I try to hold in from buying tee many, having just one dozen parrot tulips last spring, three dozen common ones, several bunches of “Easter flowers” and‘ other spring beauties, and all crowded together . rather more closely than the catalogues say. Some of the bulbs were given to me, and I was glad to get them in the fall for then the givers knew just what they were digging up, whereas some bulbs given other years turned out to be very undesirable things. ' After the bed was nicely made and in order, I proceeded to sow my pansy, snap dragon, petunia and balsam sedis. Peo— ple assured me that I was wasting my time, but I had seen these things come up in old beds year after year, so I rea- ~s'on'ed that it Would do no harm. My delicate plants that require much care. Such a garden would be a weariness to the flesh, whereas my little one neveris. There are many other hardy plants that might be set out in the fall and are just as easily cared for as the ones mentioned, but for fear of taking on too much I confine myself to a few varieties and no very large clumps of any of them. In this way we have flowers from spring till fall, and while there is not the beauty of the mass of foliage and flower there is the better beauty for a busy person, that of a. few well kept plants that she can care for without help FASHIONS BY MAY MANTON. Our large Fashion Book—containing 92 pages illustrating over 700 of the season's latest styles, and devoting several pages to embroidery designs, will be sent to any address on receipt of 10 cents. No. 7786—Box—plaited blouse, 34 to 40 bust. “'ith or without chemisette and under sleeves. No. 7881—Loose belted coat, bust. No. 7884—Semi-Princess dress for miss- es and small women, 14, 16 and 18 years. With three-piece skirt in cutaway or straight outline, long or short sleeveS, with or without chemisette. No. 7867—Girl’s Balkan dress, 6 to 12 years. With draped or plain ,belt. No., 7878—Child’s blouse dress, 4 to 8 yearS. With straight piaited skirt, short or long sleeves, with or without shield. The. above patterns will be mailed to any address by the Fashion Department of the Michigan Farmer on receipt _0t _10 cents for each... , 34 to 40 ’3 .____. _._..... ——-v-~uw- Min-sense»: .P‘ouurnv, ACTIVITIES. All of our breeding males have been placed in a separate fresh air house, some distance from the farm buildings, where. after, the first few days, they were given free range. A large outdoor self- feeding hOpper supplies them with grain food, dry mash, grit and oyster shell. Some may think they would do much fighting at first, but’ where quite a few are penned together they do not appear to bother in that respect in the least. We do this for three good reasOns. One is that the male birds will do better when kept by themselves out of the breeding season. The female breeders will also do much better. And last, but most im- portant of all, sterile eggs keep longer, especially in warm weather. . _ Saving Alfalfa Leaves. .1: is haying time, and one thing we have not overlooked to do, is to gather and safely store away in ZOO-lb. bran bags, all the alfalfa leaves that fall off in the handling and unloading of the hay. These dry alfalfa leaves are almost be- yond estimate in value as a winter green feed. There is nothing else that is any- where near as healthful and of as high feeding value. Last winter we tried a little experiment along this line, feeding one pen of chickens all the alfalfa leaves they wanted, while another pen was not fed alfalfa leaves. The result was, by} a. 'large percentage, in favor of the alfalfa- fed pen. The hens in this pen gave a much better egg yield. the fertility of their eggs was fully 25 per cent higher, the chicks proved stronger, and the gen- eral health of the fiOck was much better. The droppings of the alfalfa-fed pen al- ways had a natural color and consistency, while of the other pen just the opposite was true, the droppings always being more or less loose and of an unnatural color. There were fewer soft-shelled eggs from the alfalfa pen, and the color of the yolks was a nice, natural yellow, semething that is worth a lot to a man supplying a private egg trade. The gen- eral appearance of the fowis was such as to leave no doubt in anybody's mind that this pen was by far the more profit- able ‘in every respect. Making the Growing Stock Comfortable. Nearly all of the young stock is out in colony houSes on free range. In the lot we have for them this year there is a running brook and a small pond. They have all the free range, Water, fresh air and green grass they want. It goes without saying that they are doing-ex- ceptionally well. In fact, the first pul- lets, which were hatched early in Febru- ary, are just beginning to lay. From 200 of these early pullets we are getting sev- en to eight eggs a day. My reason for keeping 'these early pullets is to maintain the egg flow when the regular layers be— gin to moult.. By the time the hens and last year's pullets commence to drop off greatly in egg yield, these early-hatched pullets will be laying enough to prevent a deficiency. It is true that by October or November a large proportion of these early-hatched pullets will be moulting, and hence will not be very much better than hens as winter layers. Equipping the colony houses with roost- ing poles is a task which, in some caseS, ought'do have been done quite a while ago. IVhere growing chickens roost on the floor they are very apt to sweat and then catch cold. ‘Marketlng 'Young Stock and Eggs. The young cockcrels, when they weigh about two pounds, are caught off the range andiplaced in the fattening pens for two weeks. They are then starved for a day, killed by bleeding in the mouth, dry-picked, packed in ice and Shipped to market where 'we have all of this year been realizing 40c per lb. or more. But they must be well fattened, dressed, and of first—class quality to com- mand that figure. For fancy selected eggs we are at pres- ent realizing 350 per dozen. For common new laid eggs, between 27c and 30c. These eggs we ship in the regular 30- dozen crate, well packed. They are, of course. always fresh and clean and, in case of the fancy selected stock, all in- ferior ones are discarded. our market calls for a medium sized egg with pure Lwhlte, correctly Shaped Shell having no transparent spots Or other irregularities. We are also shipping some eggs by par- ; termed . mmmmumlmmlnmmmmmlm llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll ., lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi cel post, but with the present packages and method of packing there are always some complaints of broken eggs. It is my experience that we must have abet- ter package before this method of mar- keting eggs will become popular. The laying stock is doing exceptionally wall; from a fioci? of 500 layers we are at present averaging 264 eggs a day. Con- Sidering that we are not forcing them—'— feeding only a little animal food—this is good Work. Feeding too much animal food does not produce first-class table eggs of the very best quality. New York. F. W. Kazuntnn. MORE ‘ABOUT THOSE WAX MOTHS. In a recent Michigan Farmer an an- swer to my question about how to keep moths from entering hives was given. The writer said that moths do not enter where the colony is strong. At present we have one of the strongest colonies I have ever seen; they haVe lots of honey and the brood chamber is full: the colony is more like two strong swarms and we hope for a swarm soon. Yet in looking them over this morning I found wax moths between the frames and the sup- er. also below the' frames. The colony has. been transferred to another hive and I have carefully watched for moths all spring. I am trying Mr. Wheeler's plan ,of giving the weak colony just the amount of space the bees can cover. The bees of one colony ale a light brown with black stripes; the others are much darker—almost black. Clare Co. J. A. This appears to be an abnormal case. In all my experience, at least. I have never seen wax moths troubling strong colonies. However, it Seems probable that they entered the hive and laid the eggs when the bees were not so strong, and that the space between the top b'ars and the super, and between the bottoms of the frames and the bottom board, is very small. I think this correspondent will find that his bees will sufier no great inconvenience from the presence of the few moth worms that are able to keep out of their way in so strong a colony. However, it furnishes a breeding place and they should be gotten rid of. The easiest way to do this is to scrape them off the frames with a hive tool. or any other instrument which may be handy, and destroy them. To keep them from gaining another foothold. make the space about three-eighths of an inch between the top bars and the super, and the bot- tom should be at least seven-eighths inch below the frame. This gives the bees a chance to get at the worms to destroy them, and can be done by nailing strips on the bottom to raise it. If worms are found in the combs they should be taken out also. The description of the bees shows that they are what are commomy “black" bees. Mecosta Co. L. 0. WHEELER. .— THE BRAHMA. With all the different breeds of fowl that recent years haVe evolved, one that has been a favorite for many years still holds its popularity. This is the Brahma, especially the Light. which was the orig- inal of our two well-pronounced varie- ties. For a village fowl, or where con— fine-ment is needful, it still remains among the best, being unable to fly over even a low fence. Bred true to type, it is also one of the largest of domestic fowls, the standard for cock being 12 lbs. and for hell 9% lbs. No breed produces such large and handsome dressed poultry and it is largely grown for masters in those localities which cater to the particular markets of the larger cities. Since the Brahma. first appeared in this country, in 1845 or earlier, it has even been a popular breed at exhibtions and fairs; and, while other breeds have come and gone, this one has increased in popu- larity with the passing years. The rea- son for this is not hard to find. In addi- tion to the points mentioned above, it is very hardy, and he who cannot raise a. flock of Brahma chicks to maturity is a poor poultryman indeed. The little fel- lows seem to thrive in spite of cold, dampness and neglect, and while they are slow to reach maturity, they are much more sure than many other kinds. No breed has been used more largely in making new varieties. Size and hardi- ness. have been imparted to the different members of the Plymouth Rock and,Wy- andotte'families, and these qualities in the make-up of all the larger American T H E; M‘I CH IIG’A'N cFZA‘R ME R? ‘and' English breeds have‘ been 'imparted' ' by the Brahma. - The Brahma had its origin in India and was.imported to this country. from Lukipoor about 1845. It was known as the Gray Shanghai, and was first exhib- ited by Virgil ,Cornish, of Connecticut: These first birds were probably somewhat larger than the present standard, and the coloring considerably different. At a Boston show in 1850 it was exhibited un- der the name of Brahmapootra, from the river in India of‘that name, but not long afterwards the name was shortened to Brahma. The Light Brahma is considered among the good winter layers. Early—hatched pullets should begin laying in December and continue right through the cold weather. CroSsed with one of the Ameri- can breeds it produces the .ideal meat fowl. In its pure state some consider it too coarse when old, but the cockere-ls and pullets make the best table poultry. The Dark Brahma was originated by a Boston fancier. It is not quite so heavy as the Light but, having an infusion of Minorca blood, is'bred to lay a larger egg. It has never been so popular as the light, as it is considerably harder to breed true to color. A flock of Light Brahmas will show uniform coloring. but the Dark, not being so pronounced a type, will usually show a considerable proportion of poorly marked specimens. Careful fanciel‘s may breed the Dark fairly true to standard requirements, but amateurs will find the Light more satis- factory. The Dark is a beautiful fowl, but if one has not the time or interest to breed it true, and desires a fowl of the so-called Asiatic class, he can do no better than choose the Light Brahma. No fowl will make a better showing on the village or farm lawn, and they will not annoy the neighbors by wandering into forbidden gardens. New Hampshire. C. H. CHESLEY. WHEN TO INTRODUCE YOUNG QUEENS. IVe should give more attention to hav- ing young queenS. I find that often the colony that spring dwindles has an old queen. The bees do not seem to super- Sede their queens until the old one is failing pretty fast, and that generally is not soon enough. Young queens are also safest to head colonies for winter. The plan is conducive to the highest pros— perity of the colonies, and is consistent with securing the largeSt average yield of honey, since, besides giving them vig— orous layers, it generally keeps the pop- ulation together in powerful colonies. A queen may be introduced at any time, to a colony whose queen has been removed, by putting the new queen in a cage- in such condition that the work- ers will be perhaps 48 hours in eating away the candy to let her out. Gener- ally it will be successful, and it would be as likely to succeed at swarming time as at any other. Fdr re-queening there is no easier way than to remove the old queen in the evening and introduce her successor the following day by laying the cage on top of the frames under the quilt. The reason for not giving the new queen at the time the old one is taken away is that when the bees find them— selves queenless they become very much excited and are moving about very un- easily, as if in search of their queen. This search usually lasts about eight hours; then they become reconciled to their loss and do the next best thing by starting queen-cells. At this time there will be no trouble 'in introducing. Again, we often have a valuable queen that we cannot afford to take. any chances on losing. I know of no better plan of introducing to a colony contain- ing old bees than to place a feeder on top of the brood nest. give them a half pint of feed in the evening, and in the morning fill the feeder again and lay the cage on top of the frames, first removing all the candy except just enough to keep the bees out a few minutes. I have nev- er known a. Queen to be lost by this plan. A great many practice giving a valu- able queen to hatching brood. This is usually a safe plan, the only detriment being that too much time is lost before the bees are old enough to get down to business. If it is done in the fore hart of the season, the colony does not be- come strong until after the honey flow; and if it is done too late in the season. they are very liable to go into winter quarters with few young bees, and then you will have a. case of spring dwindling the following spring. New Jersey. F. G. HERMAN. l3+57 ‘ FOUND A WAY To Be Clear of Coffee TrouMeo. “Husband and myself both had the coffee habit, and finally' his stomach 'and kidneys got in such a bad condition that he was compelled to give up a good posi-- tion that ,he had held for years. He was too sick to work. His skin was yellow and there didn't seem to be an or- gain in his body that was not affected. “I told him I felt sure his sickness was due to coffee and after some discussion he decided to give it up. “It was a struggle because of the pow- erful habit. One day we heard about Postum and concluded to try it and then it was easy to leave off coffee. ”His fearful headaches grew less fre- quent, his complexion began to clear, kidneys grew better until at last he was a new man altogether, as a result of leaving off coffee and taking up Postum. Then I began to drink it too. “Although I was never as bad off as my husband. I was always very nervous and never at any time very strong, only weighing 95 le. before I began to use Postum. Now I weigh 115 lbs. and can do as much work as anyone my size, I think." Name given by Postum 00., Battle Creek, Mich. Write for booklet, “The Road to \Vellville.” I‘ostum comes in two forms. Regular Postum (must‘ be boiled). Instant Postum doesn't require boiling, but is prepared instantly by stirring a. level teaspoonful in an ordinary cup of hot water, which makes it right for most persons. A big cup requires more and some peo- ple who like strong things put in a heap- ing spoonful and temper it with a large supply of cream. Experiment until you know the amount that pleases your palate and have it sewed that way in the future. “There’s a Reason” for Postum.‘ llilllN HARVESTER tbeats them 311.0110 horse outs two rows. Carries go 11the shock. Worked b 1. 2 or 3 man. No don No twine. Free ’1‘ rial. 6 also make Stump Pule and Tile Ditt hers. Catalog Free. A gents Wanted. 0. G. B E N N ETT '& C 0.. Westerville. Ohio. To Kill Lice and Mites p on (owls and in the houses. POWDERED LICE KILLER T 35c tgnngestSli “Your money bogk itfsitklfegu" T PRA At all dealers, or T T‘T FOOD COMPA Philadelphia CELEB!) 8 His Hough Pine Crest Farm, Royal Oak. Mich- BARRED ROCK EGGS, $1 FOR 15. W. O. OOFFMAN. R. No. 6, Benton Harbor, Micd . R mum‘s A 25c and 50¢ per pack: T ISO-page poultry book 40b by mat B BARGAINS. .,Sasha‘ssfmallrs b d t. £29811!” Barred Rocks! (rt-:1!) rgcol'idyl Egg: and rmrrs LIQUID Lnge KILLER A Ilo Get Pratt. Profit-shoring Booklet oedvfirices, also half grown oookorels and pulleto. a per 15. Euadny Poultry Ranch. Marshall. Elliott. fiz Barred Rock, R. R d . M - Spmckgowignggngfl mgh‘g’ekin andII7 l}un€1’1esr 11.133. rsa. per set ti it 35 100. nmwoon “an“ R II. No. 13. Grand Babidsy‘lfiich. GOLUMBIA Wyandottee. Winners at Chicago. Grand Rapids, South Bend and St. Joseh Sto 1: atonann SAWYER. Benton arbor, oil/17:33:. SINGLE CGMB BLACK MINORCA EGGS at. $150 per setting. HMILLS Saline, Mich. INGLE’I‘S BARR!!!) ROCKS— Birds of unlit and Reine. Cock weighs 111 lbs. and oookorols$thatyhead selected pens. Eggs$ oOi‘or 15. Stock from hen that laid 240 eggs in year. 1Ten years a breeder. Plain View Farm, J. W. Ballard. Prop. Romeo, Michigan. ILVER LAOED. golden and whiteW d BS for hatching at reasonable prices; se’nadnfotfgfictliclg? Browning’ s Wyandotte Farm. R. 3), Portland. Mich: LILLIE FARHSTEAD POULTRY gil- Palm: £63.83..an for :1. 8030513- W' all." °"' COLON o LILLIE. Couponville. Mich. WHITE LEGHORNS“‘W{°k°“5tmn" Hem. Maple Oity Poultry Plant. 300100 0., 011123098: kfirlaclg. 'lllll Inmloiiu Snow Whit. Eggs-130.5 use so :3. price now. David Ray 202 Forest Ave., Ypsilanti. Mich. ll. g.flEl.LllillEBGS, 81.50PEll15, POSIPAID. R08" Ann Arbor, Michigan. "h“. w.ndo""—Notodn for 811115. vigor and pro' ductlo 3 February. A. FRANKLINn SMITH cfgngFbgr, liliohn DOGS. HOUdIIIS Fol llllllllfi ’1‘; °°°"~ mm“ FEllllEl'S mm!)- Rabbits. LEéiKY. Bolmesville. Ohio FOX AND WOLF HOUNDS of tho but En lid: train- in Ameri- ”flight; hone: (£0110an in breeding flu-0811 (got my own o 11:. now czar-hon than: to: :51 90 LLIUISPETII. 3mg. Jul.“ 00.. IO. When writing advertisers please mention The Michigan Farmer. , is s. 3‘- ' T H E 11015.1 (2 H lag AN . F AR ME R], ‘ ' JULY 13, 1913. , ... . A . _.~ . ,, z. «a: J” 1.3,”“1‘3. , .4. . 74”..” , - "*‘uaf ,,.‘ ”'55:; , I, 1‘ 'is-fl' . ' "~ ‘ gig“; ,..;._;=.~"-"'”~Zf"~‘?~ EllIllilIIlllllllllHliiiIllilllIIIIIllIlHIllHiIll|IIIIillIllIIIH|llill||illII|IllIllllllllillllllllllllillilliiilllllfil] ed at $9.95 per bu., with December the choice red .raSpberrie-‘I that sold for $2.75. Jul}r 1. Eggregalin8‘1272d4liwpo lbs, com-_, E _ ' ' ‘ ‘ -, 2 same. _ 4- . . - Gooseberries‘ are worth $1. ~'In the vege- pared with 321,192,000 lbs." 2, "year'ea’rlier. :5. - - '5 Timothy _Seed.—On the local market table line, new potatoes ranged, from‘ 60c Stocks underwent an :increase 013524378,- E. g timothy seed is advanced 5c to $2.60 per @125; cucumbers $1, peas $1@1.75, beans 000 lbs. in June, compared with an in- ; ar, e S g bu. for prime spot. At Toledo prime $3@3.25. Old hay is selling at $17@20,‘ crease of only 1,019,000 lbs, in the same 2 i . E cash is off 5c. now being quoted at $2.50, new hay at $14@17. Eggs are worth 17c; time last year. Fresh pork is still an ex- g. g 1while September is down 10c to $2.60 per dairy buttjer 22c. Vthgt is toi'f43to 81c ltfiretmely important itembin the hog mar- 'l§ uShel. . . ‘ and corn s quoted at c; oas c; rye e, its consumption eng very mucn [EllllllilIlliIIlllIlllillIIIIlllliiIillll|iIlllllilillllllllllllllllllllll||lil|lllIllll|IllllllllIlllllillHlllIllllllH - 45c; beans“. $1.60 ., .. greater than in most past years, because GRAINS AND SEEDS. July 16, 1913. Wheat—This cereal is decidedly weak- er. Quotations which are now on a new wheat basis for cash are off nearly 10c per bu., while September shows a de- cline of between 5c and Be. This bearish result is largely the outcome of crop con- ditions in this country. The weather has been favorable to the plant’s growth 0v- er a large portion of the spring wheat district, the winter wheat being prac- tically secured at this time. Several ex- perts have reported that chances for a fair crop of spring wheat in the north- ern states and in Canada are good and that unusual weather conditions will now be necessary to greatly restrict the yield. There are reports from a few points, however, of black rust. These reports come from both sides of the Canadian boundary line. The damage thus far does not amount to any influence on the wheat trade, but should the weather be such as to develop the fungus trouble, then the damage might ultimately be- come a considerable factor in making wheat values. The liberal manner in which farmers are marketing the new crop where threshing is in progress is shown by the primary 'receipts on Tues- day, which amounted to 1,191,000 bu., whereas a year ago the deliveries totaled but 485,000 bu. This is the important bearish influence in cash wheat at this time: The market is not entirely devoid of bullish sentiment, however. In Europe where crops reports have been fair, p0- ]itical conditions have overcome the ef- fect of a probable good yield and made the influence from that country slightly bullish. One year ago the price for No. 2 red wheat on the local market was $1.05%c per bu. Quotations for the past week are as follows: No. 2 No. 1 Red. White. Sept. Dec. Thursday . . . . . .96 95 90% 94% Friday .........94 93 ' 89% 93% Saturday ......89 88 88% 921/1, Monday ....... 89 88 89 93 TueSday ....... 881,5 87% 88 - ' 92 \Vednesday . . 891/; 88% 88% 92%, Chicago, (July 15).—l\'o. 2 red Wheat, new, 86@86%c; No. 3 red, new, 841,5@86c; Sept., 86%0; Dec., 893,4c per bu. (Dorm—The tendency of corn' isquite different from that of wheat. Values have not only been maintained underthe severe stress of the rapidly declining wlleat trade, but advances have actually been made, prices now being. one cent higher than they were a week ago. . The cash trade is strong because of a Scar- city of supplies. Then. too, considerable damage has been reported in Kansas and' Oklahoma. Hot winds and drouth are affecting the crop in that quarter. rIn the more humid states the conditions are mole favorable for a normal development of this plant. One year ago the local market was paying 750 for_No. 3 corn. Quotations for the past week are as, fellows: No.3 No.3 Corn. Yelldw Thursday W. 61 . 63 Friday .................... 61 63 Saturday 61 63 Monday . 61 . 63 1 Tuesday ........ 62 ‘ f 64., \Vednesday ....... . . . 1 . 62 ’ '64- Chicago, (July 15).—No. 12' corn/‘61???" 611/2C; No. 3 yellow, 60'%.@.61-.1/2‘c';;«.I-ulyf 60%;c; Sept, 61%c; Dec.,‘ 57‘%‘c~.per‘~fall's-eff oats—This cereal was“ unablieAtofstaglg, the influence of the wheat trade,,and hasf suffered a decline of 2c du_ring.the‘-'Wee;k.' The market has also been 'weakenedi-‘by . heavy receipts for this season of the year and also on account of improved prospects for the crop for states of larg- est production. One year ago the local price for standard oats was 64%0 per bu. Quotations are as follows: No. 3 Standard. White. Thursday ................. 44 43 Friday. .. 44 43 Saturday ................. 421/2 4.11/2 Monday 42 41 Tuesday ..... ............. 42 41 'Wednesday 42 41 Chicago, (July 15).—No. 3 white oats, 38%@39%c; standard oats, 40%@411/1,c; Sept, 39%0; Dec, 40%c per bu. Beans.—No change is noted here. Sup- plies are small and the demand is en- tirely ordinary. The. new bean crop is fair. Quotations are nominal; they being $2.05 per bu. for immediate and prompt shipment and $2.10 for August delivery. Chicago, .(July 15).—Bean values 'have decline at this point. All varieties are affected except white kidneys, they re- main steady. Pea beans, hand-picked, choice, are quoted at $2.121/2@2.15; red kidneys, $2.10; white kidneys, $3 per bu. Rye—Values in this cereal remain steady on the local market. The trade is dull and supplies small. Cash No. 2 rye is quoted at 640 per bu. At; Chicago values have advanced a fraction, No. 2 rye being quoted now at 63c per bu. Barley.-—No material changes are not- ‘ed in this product, at Chicago the range being from 48©63c, while at Milwaukee it runs from 54@63c per bu. "Clover Seed—Prime October clover seed sold here Tuesday at $8.30 per bu., which is‘10c above the price of a week ago. Alsike is quoted at $9.75 for August and $9.90 for October. both being advances over the previous week. Toledo ouota- tions are also higher. October is being contracted for at $8.55 and December at $8.60 per bu. October alsike is now quot- . others, ' 120: FLOUR AND FEEDS. Flour.—Jobblng lots in IA paper sacks are selling on the Detroit market per 196 lbs. as follows: Best; patent, $5.70; sec- ond, $5.20; straight, $5; spring patent, $5.10: rye flour, $4.60 per bbl. Feed.-—In 100-lb. sacks, jobbing lots: Bran, $21; coarSe middlings, $21; fine middlings, $27; cracked corn and coarse corn meal, $22.50; corn and oat chop, $21 per ton. Hay.—Va1ues steady. track at Detroit are: No. 1 timothy, $14@14.50; No. 2, $11@12; light mixed, $12.50@13; No. 1 mixed, $11@12. Chicago—Market firm at higher val- ues. Choice timothy, $15.50@16 per ton; N0. 1, $14@15; No, 2, $12.50@13.50; No. 3 and clover mixed, $9@12; clover, $8@ 12; alfalfa, $14@17. Straw.~—Detroit.——Rye, $9@10; and oat straw, $8@8.50 per ton. Chicago.—~Rye straw, $7.50@8; oat straw, $5@6; wheat straw, $5@6 per ton. Carlots on the wheat DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS. Butter.——The better feeling which seem- ed in evidence last week has disappeared and butter in general is slow and easy. Offerings continue to include an unusual proportion of mediocre stock. Elgin de- clined téc on Monday but local prices are holding up well. Elgin.~—Market steady at 26c. Chicago—The Week opened dull and lower; later the market was reported steady under a loss of ago from last week. Quotations are: Extra creamery, 260; extra firsts, 25@251,§c; firsts, 24@ 241/20; seconds, 22%(0231/20; dairy extras, 24%c; firsts. 231/20; seconds, 220; packing stock, 12@21c as to quality. New York—This market is easy, val- ues declining a full cent at the week’s opening. Quotations: Creamery extras, 261/2@27c; firstS, 251/2@260; seconds, 24@ 250; state dairy, finest, 26c; good to prime 2460251/20; common to fair, 22@24c; pack- ing, 2061;211/20 as to quality. Eggs.-—Egg values continue to decline, presumably due to uneven quality of re- ceipts. Local prices are off l/zc, current offerings, candled, being quoted at 170 per dozen. Chicago—Another fractional decline is to be recorded this week. Offerings lib- eral. Miscellaneous receipts, cases in— cluded, are quoted at 8(014c; d0., cases returned, 8@131/2c; ordinary firsts, 141/2@ 151/2c; firsts, 16617161/2c; storage packed, firsts. 1'7c per dozen. . New York—Good eggs in this market are commanding slightly better prices than a week ago. Fresh gathered extras, 24fil‘26c; western gathered, whites, 20@ 250 per dozen. Poultry.—The local market has enjoyed an eXcellent demand the past week and all, lines are firm, the only price change being in hens, which are fractionally higher. Quotations: Live—Broilers, 2560260; hens, 161/2617170; No, 2 hens, 12 . @130; old roosters, 11@12c; turkeys, 17(0) 18c: geese, 1268130: ducks, 156/7160 per lb. Chicago—All kinds higher except spring chickens ,which are off 10. Quotations on live are: Turkeys, good weight, 180: “fowl‘s, good, 16c;‘ spring chickens, 21c: ’ducks,- 13c; geese, 100; guinea .‘hen_S.Q-$4,per. dozen“. ,3 -. Cheese.—Steady.- Xthlesaule"lpts. Mich- igan . hats. 14:14 @iiac; , New York I flats. Moreno; ,brjck creamy“thrower-limbo;- i." hers? lustfiiwvi‘cn: : ; ' Veal-eLittle :zdoinasfj ".uqtatioii5.‘o.lsrgelii fiom'irial- . Fancy 113 2@1:1c; ficoiahmltm. _ ._ n. m; , FRUITS AND VEGETABLES. Apples.—New apples have advanced and are selling here at $1.75@2 per box, and $5.50@6 per bbl. Old apples are gone. Gooseberrles.—Higher at $2.50@3 per bushel. Currants—Lower. Ordinary, $2@2.50 per bu; cherry $3@3.50. Raspberries—Supplies more plentiful with values down. Red, $4.25@4.50 per 24-qt. case; ,black, $1.25@1.50 per 16-qt. case. Cherries.-—Good supply at $2.75@3 per bushel. Potatoes.‘——Market is firm with prices for the new crop ruling higher than last week, they being $2.75 per bbl. Cabbage.—New selling at $2.50@2.75 per bbl. Green Corn—500 per dozen. WOOL. Boston—The calls for wool have in- creased during the past week and a fair volume of business has been transacted. Prices have continued firm with a slight tendency against the buyer. Some ‘54;- blood and 1/.-blood Ohio fleeces were sold at 24c per lb. Western dealers are sell- ing more liberally 'than in former weeks. Among the domestic quotations. are Mich- igan and New York fine unwashed at 19@20c; delaine unwashed at 20@21c; 17g,- blood unwashed, 22@23c; %-blood un- washed, 23®24c per lb. GRAND RAPIDS. First Duchess apples of the season sold on the city market this week at 30@400 per half bushel. Tuesday morning’s mar- ket was biggest of the year, with 400 loads in sight. Sour cherries were in good supply, sellinE at $1@1.25 per crate. Black raspberries brought $2®2L25. Wm. Pearce, of Mill Creek, brought in some .-.'; Ito choice fill.i.éhed~"beéve‘s¥ Exercising of its cheapness compared with beef and mutton, and prime light hogs. sell higher than any other kinds. Prime hogs sold Buffalo. up to $9.30. last week, with sales all the July 14’ 1913. way down to $$8.60 for coarse heavy lots. s ecial Re ort of Dunnin & Stevens Stags sold at $9@9.50. pigs at $7.75@9.15 ( p p g ' and throwout packing sows at $8.10@8.55. THE LTVE STocKl MAR—Kare. New York Central Stock Yards, . . East Buffalo, New York). Sheep and lambs fluctuate Wildly in Cattle. prices quite frequently, in accordance Receipts, 155 cars; market generally W‘th the marketlngs and the requirements 10@15c higher. Good to prime heavy 0f the trade' and ”.15 frequently a good steers, $8.90@9.25; fair to good weighty deal of a Problem With a country shipper Steers, $8.60@8.85; best spring steers, whether he W1” make at 40t 0f money 01‘ $8.50@8.75; fair to good, $8.25@8 40; shifter a 1035- It I? the time for market- choice to fancy yearling- steers, mg the CrOp of this year's spring lambs, 8.75; best handy weight butcher steers, and these are movmg from the farms of $8.25@8.60; fair to good, $7.75@7.80;c0m- We middle west, a3, Well as from the mon to fair butchers, $7.50@7.75; best fat langes 0f Idaho, While Oregon ls ship- . . _ t ping fair numbers of range wethers and COWS» $6 75@7 25' 300d bu cller COWS’ $6@ yearling wethers. Limited numbers of 6.25; fai to 00d, 5.25a‘25."0; cutters, . $4.75@5; rcannegrs, $3.$l10@4c.50;0 old rims, graz’i‘g lambs have been malfeted and $3.25@3_35; fancy yearling heifers, $8@ sold promptly, and later on a blg demand $7.75@8; me- for feeders is sure to be witnessed, but dium to good, $7.25@7.50; common to fair it is “0t likely' that the' Off‘irmgs will be $6.25@6.75; feeders, $6@7.40; stockers “Where near enough- spring lambs .35 (1)6. 5. 11 , _ _ . ~ . ’ were salable late last week at $5.50@8.50, limits; ’tiosuoio.” 25@7 50’ mm‘ers' and native ewes at $3-25@5» yearlings at $4.50 @7.25 and bucks at $2.50@3.75. A big 8.50; choice heavy heifers, Hogs. , _ share of the lamb" came consi n d'r 5912;315:553,- 60y%ifér;nar§§%03@ggi¥83 He??? from Louisville t; Chicago pickirsx co: $9:65@9.75.’ . ~ ' 9 p ’ few good feeding lambs brought $6.50. Breeding ewes are in demand at $3.75@5. Horses had a poor general ‘demand last Sheep and Lambs. T o $56981? week, the customary midsummer depres_ Receipts, 20 cars; market slow. lambs, $8.25@8.40; culls to fair, ‘ion .. . , - . 5 DPeVallmg. and rlce‘ w ' 5y$§trlmggé siféggvsmo, wethers, $5..50@l well maintained, 50ml; 1’630_l§_leh§r:rég go ' ’ ew ’ ' ‘ ing at bargain figures. Chicago. — July 14, 1913.. CROP AND MARKET NOTES. Cattle. Hogs. Sheep. 18,000 Ottawa_ 00., July 14.—This has been a 23,606 comparatively dry season so far in this 88,719 section, because there has been no heavy 100584 rains since the beginning of spring. The ' lack of moisture has shortened up the hay crop, but other crops have "not seem- ed ‘to suffer any particular damage. Corn l_s_much ahead of laSt year and‘ now bids ialr to be a very good crop. \Vheat is all harvested and many fields promise a good yield. Oats will be a fair crop but Received today .....21,000 52,000 Same day last year..15,381 34,156 Received last week..31.376 116,724 Same week last year.40,981 118,217 The cattle receipts do not look very large for a Monday, yet the market is not very active, aside from butcher stock, which is selling freely at unchanged prices. Some of the steers are bringing steady prices, while other sales are about a dime lower. Hogs have been selling “ quite freely at reductions of 5@10c, with “9‘ a heavy One- “W are shorter in sales largely a dime' off. The’early' top gmwtthf strawihan usual for lack 0f Drice was $9.25, bllt later the best sold ram. but a"? We“ heofled- . at $9.15. Hogs received last week aVer— b“(arable hfly tO‘cut yetand it is drying aged 243 lbs., compared with 238 'lbs. ,a “P bad”: “9.19950“. why many farmers year ago, 230 lbs. two years ago a'nd‘24-i ate behind with their haying is because lbs. three years ago. Sheep and lambs -*the hoit dry weather, caused the pea CI‘Op were active at advancing prices, with not to 001113.911 With such, a rush, that farm: enough to go around and the receipts ers‘ had togdrop' all other work and bar. largely made up_of southern lamb‘s‘con- V?“ the ”Oil -v1',l‘he'Dea crop was an ex- signed to packers. Some choice Idaho tia g00d‘0neithls 5,9350", 50 the canning lambs brought $8.40 early. Some Califor- iactory at COODerSVllle was kept running nia range Wethers arrived” t9 Its full capac1ty night and (1337- SOme Cattle of the best class sell well below times 40 to 50 teams W0uld be waiting to the inflated prices of a year ago, while be unloaded. » - tlle commoner class sell much higher, as Genesee 00.. July 14-—CI‘OD conditions do stockers and feeders, although the re- ext‘epthnulIy favorable so far this year. cent tendency of grassy cattle has been All Spi'lngrcl‘ODS 100k well and are fur- dcwnward because of increasing propor- tiler advanced. than usual for this date. ti‘on's' of such stock marketed. Demand 90m in particular is much better than is much stronger for handy little fat cat— usual-s Beans also look fine. .Hay rather ile, especially for yearlings, both steers a light Yield and winter wheat ditto. and heifers included, than for other, kinds Oats. DTleSe abundantly. Prices remain of cattle, and this promises to continue, 3PM” as _19~St year with a- few excep- since the dearness of beef tends to make “9115- ,Dall‘y products are now declining demand . largest . for .. the lighter and Slightly ,. Road 1' improvement is going cheaper cuts of steaks. Canne‘rs and cut- steadily 011' In every townShip of the tcrs have awakened at last. in the -maI:- «county-2' Farm:~rhell) very scarce and kets of the country, and .this isparticr ,Wqu§_-hlgh-g _, . . .. . . ularly true of t-h'e'Kansas City, and‘,St.‘ Sa‘nllacfl (39:, July lit—Crop. conditions Louis markets, where liberal»'suppli-es 'of have ‘Cfiagl'ged’ Wonderfully- in the" last Isouthwestern‘_‘"~gr,a'ssér’s‘ have: been: Sh’ow- ‘tWO .wee‘ksm Soaking rainS_' have"'c‘:o'in'e ing up., Stockerspanddfeledeiys ~are,»_in'.d‘§:,;- ,anfl‘ftwmfid Elle ,Oiltfiffind barley in“ gobd ,ma’nd wlienover"‘pjrl:cjiajs happen tape ,lo ~-’ .fiéldsof cram . finely. headed .' out;.,-.lp,ros— . ler, for there' are still rfiany_pastures‘fhdtMPé-Ctsf”are:'31itnLtle lalbové'wtfie average. vafeflh'étféfarryi'hg thequStoma'l‘iy . nu moors: 33"89913‘41S:lc‘z‘okigig;one although th e=~s,tra'w ' but , much””0‘f'" the 'jtime intransactiomszarie -lst'notoyeryt,lo.ng;~ SQme, fifel'ds nearlyxre‘a'dy = .oheckéd"by tile '.1i,ig.h',.pri_ce§, -Jh'ése being. $9.99.?- ".35l9t5§§;are:1053311g good; beans relatively higher. than.in‘ices paidgtorigof'tif are also, stomps. rapidly- and a. large ' zl oqeaeelpiante‘dci : Farmers are not rush- .uly‘opefié‘d receipts of»c‘a‘ttle“‘havé“been". greatly reduced in numbers, and prices to be done; they are keeping that end have rallied, with sales last week largely 9f the work 11D 3150- The grain market 2.5617400 higher by Wednesday_ The bulk ls very dull for this time of the year. of the beef steers sold during the week Some old hay Still gOing to market at at $7.80@8.90, the commoner offerings of $9 per ton. Beans are worth $1.70 for light-weight grassy steers bringing $7.25 hand—picked; oats, 370; Wheat, $1; bar- ((08 and the best class of heavy long-fed ley, 900 per th; butter-fat, 26c; eggs. steers $8.90@9.15. Good steers brought 160 per dozen. -.. $8.60 and over, and sales were made of Delta 00., July 3—“ has been VGTY fair to pretty good short-fed lots at $8.10 warm, With lOtS 0f thunder showers for and upward. with medium to prime little the last three WeekS._ Oats and wheat yearlings taken at $8699.10. Demand for look good: potatoes rotted badly on low butchering cows and heifers was good at ground. There is a large acreage plant- $5@8.55, while cutters brought 84.4061) Gd: hay 100kS good. Timothy just in first 4.95, canners $3.35@4.35 and, bulls $4.50@ bloom. Spring seeding doing nicely. 8, little yearling bulls going the higheSt.' There was lots of alfalfa soWn here this So few stockers and feeders were offered, year. It is aim“ the first the farmers and prices were so much higher for good have tried. Potatoes retailing at 250 a lots, that little,business was accomplish- bushel; oats, 560‘: butter. 2569300; eggs, ed, stockers being quoted at $5.75@7.80 20@25c; hay. $18: strawberries, 10c her and feeders at $6.90@8, while stock and (it Apples Will hilt be more than half feeding heifers were worth $5.75@6.80. a crop on account of frost the 8th and Calves sold freely at $9.25@11 for light 9th of June. . vealers, with smaller offerings, and heavy Ohio. calves sold down to $5@6. Milch cows Carroll 00., July 7.—-—'F‘armers down here Were scarce and slow at $506985 per head. are busy haI‘VeStlng wheat and rye. but Hogs have actually surprised the men the crops are rather light this year. The who were most optimistic by their recent corn is growing nicely now. We got a remarkable advances in prices. Nine dol- nice shower last Friday and had'a storm lar hogs came" as a surprise. and then a. last Saturday that knocked several trees further surprise was caused by still fur- down and nearly all the wheat and rye ther advances in all descriptions. VVheth- shocks were blown over. Barley is grow- er they will go much higher is a matter ing nicely. . of general discussion, but thechances Florida. are apparently strong that the upward E‘scambla (20.. July 9.—As I am ‘an old movement of prices will be continued. Subscriber to the Michigan Farmer and Prices have reached the highest levels lived in Michigan the most of my life. scored since last April, and if there ever thought I would like to say a few words was a time when manufacturing pork in The Farmer in regards to the corn and lard for the market paid, this is that crop. The corn crop in the south is the time. Provisions have been sharing in best it has been in the five years I have the upwardlmovement of the raw mate- been here. Our corn that was planted rial, and big advances have taken place in March is now ready to be cut for the in recent weeks, leaving values far in ad-' Silo. The ‘cornstalks grow much taller vance of a year ago. this applying to here'than in the north. As 'soon'- as I pork, lard and ribs. etc. Stocks of .pro- get thls‘crop' off the ground, I am going visions are still much smaller than, a. to plant Mexican Junecorn and sorghum year ago, stocks in Chicago. Kansas City, to be put with velvet beans out for sil- Omaha. St.‘ Joseph and Milwaukee on age this fall.—O. W. J. _i.. 1,; There is con- . .r». a..- '4l,\"-..A ,.. _ . .. .. mg Playing very fast, as cultivating needs ‘ . JULY 19'; 1913.3 THEM I‘C'H 10 A N ' FA RIM ER: 154-59; , THIS Is THE FIRST EDITION. In the first edition the Detroit Live Stock Markets are reports of last week; all other markets are right up to. date. Thursday's Detroit LIVe Stock markets are given in the last edition. The first edition is -mailed Thursday, the last edi- tion Friday morning. The first edition is mailed to those who care more to get the paper only than they do for Thursdayfs Detroit Live Stock. market report; You may have any edition desired. Subscrib- ers may change frOm one edition to an- other by dropping us a card to that effect. 'DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.‘ Thursday’s Market. July 10, 1913. Cattle. Bulls and cow stuff are Receipts, 953. steady, handy butchers and good steers 15@25c higher. I‘Ve quote: Best dry—fed steers and heifers, $8.60; steers and heifers, 1000 to 1200, $8@8.15; do. 800 to 1000, $7.50@7.85; grass steers and heifers that are fat, 800 to 1000, $7.50@7.75; do. 500 to 700, $6 @675; choice fat cows, $6@6.25; good do $5.50@5.75; common (10., $4.50@5;~ can— ners, $3.50@4; choice heavy bulls, $6.50; fair to good bolognas. bulls, $5.50@6; stock bulls, $4.50@5.25; choice feeding steers? 800 to 1000, $6.75@7.25; fair (10.. 800 to 1000, $6@6.50; choice stockers. 500 to 700, $6.50@6.75; fair do, 500 to 700, $5.75@6.50; stock heifers, $5@5.75; milk- ers, large, young, medium age, $60@80; common milkers, $35@50. Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 1 cow weighing 1030 at $5.25,,I’2 do av 945 at $4.25, 11 butchers av 711 at $6, 3 bulls av 730 at $5.50; to Hammond, S. & Co. 2 bulls av 1150 at $6.35, 2 do av 1000 at $6.35; to Parker, W. & Co. 1'0 butchers av 605 at $6, 13 do av 591 at $6, 17 do av 660 at $6.35: to Rattkowsky 5 bulls av 412 at $5; to Goose 2 do av 435 at $4.85; to Nancy 2 cows av 820 at $3.50, 1 do weighing 860 at $3.50. 7 do av 884 at $4; to Kamman B. Co. 4 cows and bulls av 862 at $5.75. 8 steers av 720 at $7. 3 do av 840 at $7.25, 4 do av 590 at $6.50. 2 cows av 925 at $5.50, 3 do av 1120 at $6.25, 2 heifers av 805 at $7.50; to Ratt- kowsky 5 bulls av 448 at $0; to Ham- mond, S. & Co. 13 butchers av 463 at $5.75, 1 bull weighing 1440 at $6.50: to Mich. B. Co. 1 do weighing 740 at $5.50. 2 steers av 860 at $7, 2 cows av 765 at $4.25; to Parker, W. & Co. 20 steers av 1030 at $8.60, 1 bull weighing 1210 at $6.50. 1 do weighing 1200 at $6.50, 2 do av 730 at $6.25; to Sullivan P. 00. 2 cows av 1010 at $5.25, 2 do av 1050 at $5.50; to Newton B.~ Co. 4 do av 1092 at $6.50; to Brei-tenbeck 9 do av 1028 at $8.20. Spicer & R. sold Sullivan P. Co. 12 butchers av 664 at $6.25, 2 cows av 790 at $4.50, 2 steers av .840 at $7.25, 2 bulls av 875 at $6, 3 butchers av 860 at $5.65; to Kull 7 cows av 1014 at $5.25, 9 steers av 1100 at $7.75; to Mich. E. Co. 12 cows av 990 at $6. 1 do weighing 880 at $5, 25 butchers av 677 at $6.25, 1 cow weigh- ing 870 at $3.50; to Bresnahan 25 butch- ers av 553 at $5.85; to Goose 3 do av 390 at $5, 5 do av 326 at $5.50, 4 cows av 870 at $5.25; to Goodwin 5 do av 820 at $5. 3 steers av 603 at $6.25; to Hook 4 can- ners av 760 at $4. _ Haley & M. sold Mason B. Co. 6 butch- ers av 678 at $6.25. 8 cows av 935 at $6, 1 do weighing 1030 at $5, 8 butchers av 750 at $6.25; to Kendall 1 stocker weigh- ing 680 at $6.35, 1 do weighing 520 at $5.60; to Sullivan P. Co. 8 cows av 1025 at $5.65, 2 c0w and bull av 1215 at $6.25, 2 bulls av 575 at $5.50, 1 cow weighing 910 at $5.60, 2 heifers av 755 at $6.25; to Hammond, S. & Co. 3 cows av 783 at $4, 2 do av 755 at $4; to Baldwin 1 stocker weighing 650 at $4.50. 5 do av 340 at $5.60; to Kendall 4 do av 550 at $6; to Sullivan P. Co. 2 heifers av 690 at $6.75, 1 steer weighing 1140 at $8.25, 1 bull weighing 1440 at $6.50, 1 do weighing 660 $9 at $5.50, 2 heifers av 575 at $5, 4 steers av 725 at $7, 5 do av 730 at $6.70. 3 do av 640 at $5.25, 1 boll weighing 880 at $6; to Newton B. Co. 14 cows av 1025 at $5.85, 1 cow weighing 930 at $5.50. 13 butchers av 847 at $7.15, 1 cow weighing 1080 at $6.50. 1 bull weighing 700 at $6. 1 cow weighing 940 at $3.75, 6 butchers av 766 at $6.15; to Rattkowsky 1 cow weighing 930 at $5.25; to Schlischer 7 do av 821 at $6.10; to Mich. B. Co. 1 bull weighing 1430 at $6.50. Bishop, B, & H. sold Sullivan P. Co. 5 butchers av 698 at $6.35, 1 cow weigh- ing 950 at $4.50, 3 cows av 783 at $5.50; to Mich. B. ‘00. 5 do av 1066 at $6, 37 steers av 1140 at $8.25; to Breitenbeck 7 do av 888 at $7.40, 3 do av 583 at $6. 2 cows av 890 at $5, 1 do weighing 840 at $5, 1 do weighing‘1270 at $6, 1 do weigh- ing 1110 at $4. 2 bulls av 1190 at $6.25; to Bresnahan 2'cows av 985 at $5, 1 can- ner weighing 970 at $3.50; to Sullivan P. Co, 8 cows av 1025 at $5.40, 9 canners av 810 at $4, 1 bull weighing 1050 at $6.25, 50. at $9.50, 3 av 190 at $11; to Nagle P. ‘Co. 29 av 150 at $9.50, 11 av 175 at $10; to Goose 2 av155 at $10.50, 3 av 145 at $10.50; to Thompson Bros. 5 av 125 at $10.75; to Hammond, S. & Co. 14 av 145 at $10.25, 6 av 175 at $10.50, 3 av 130 at $9; ,to Parker. W. & Co. 25 av 150 at $10.25; to McGuire 15 av 150 at $10.75, 10 av 160 at $11; to Hammond. S. & Co. 2 av 160 at $9, 8 av 155 at $11, 9 av 165 at $10.50; to Parker, W. & Co. 15 av 155 at $10.50, 13 av 160 at $10.75. | Haley & M. sold Newton B. Co. 5 av 150 at $10, 4 av 135 at $9.50; to Mich. B. Co. 2 av 190 at $8, 9 av 150 at $10; to Newton B. Co. 2 av 145 at $10, 9 av 150 at $10; to Mich. B. Co. 3 av 125 at $10, 2 av 150 at $10, 3 av 185 at $8.50, 7 av 145 at $10.50. - Groff sold Burnstine 11 av 152 at $10. Roe Com. Co. sold Rattkowsky 11 av 180 at $9; to GOOSe 3 av 165 at $10, 6 av 200 at $7; to Mich. B. Co. 3 av 160 at $9. 17 av 155 at $10.50;, to Sullivan P. 00. 8 av 180 at $10, 1 weighing 160 at $8, 4 av 170 at $10; to Mich. B. Co. 4 av 135 at $10, 6 av 140 at $9; to Kull 2 av 125 at $10, 5 av 160 at $11; to Burnstine'Z av 120 at $9, 14 av 150 at $11, 15 av 155 at $10.75. Johnson sold Mich. B. Co. 6 av 140 at 10. Splcer & R. sold Parker, W. & Co. 3 av 180 at $10.75, 1 weighing 140 at $10.50: to Kull 6 av 165 at $10.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 2 av 150 at $10, 5 av 120 at $10.25; to Burnstine 8 av 150 at $10.50. Sheep and Lambs. Receipts, 1685. Lambs steady with Wednesday; sheep 10@15c higher; general market on lambs $1 higher than last week. Best lambs, $8.75; fair do., $7.75 @825; light to common do., $6@6.50; yearlings, $6@6.75: fair to good sheep. $3.75@‘4.25; culls and common,~ $275683. Bish0p. . & H. sold Mich. B. Co. 6 sheep av 120 at $3.75; 5 do av 140 at $3.25, 15 do av 90 at $3.75. 4 do av 130 at $3. 41 do av 90 at $3.50, 13 yearlings av 78 at $6.50, 8 sheep av 115 at $3.75, 9 sheep av 140 at $3.75: to VVasso 15 lambs av 55 at $8.25; to Newton B. Co. 18 do av 83 at $8.75, 28 do av 75 at $8.75: to Parker, W. & Co. 89 do av 55 at $8.50; to Young 21 do av 60 at $7.75; to Ham- mond, S. 8: Co. 15 do av 65 at $8.50. 92 do av 63 at $7.25, 15 do av 60 at $5: to Fitzpatrick Bros. 4 sheep av 115 ii". $3. 32 do av 100 at $4.25. 11 do av 105 at $4.50. 30 lambs av 70 at $8.75: to Thompson Bros. 14 lambs av 57 at $8; to Barlage 20 do av 60 at $8; to Thompson Bros. 33 yearlings av 90 at $7; to Fitzpatrick Bros. 18 sheep av 115 at $4; to Sullivan P1 Co. 25 lambs av 60 at $8.50. Spicer & R. sold Young 29 lambs av 50 at $6; to Sullivan P. Co. 23 sheep av 80 at $4; to Mich. B. Co. 18 sheep av 100 at $4, 44 lambs av. 75 at $8.50. Haley & M. sold Newton B. .00. 28 lambs av 68 at $8.50. 6 sheep av 110 at $3.75; to Mich. B. Co. 12 do av 100 at $3.50. 9 do av 135 at $4, 120 lambs av 66 at $8.50, 72 do av 58 at $8.25. 'Roe Com. Co. sold Hayes 47 lambs av 57 at $8, 3 sheep av 150 at $3.50, 29 do av 90 at $4. 40 lambs av 65 at $6; to Sullivan P. Co. 14 lambs av 75 at $8.50. 8 sheep av 115 at $3.75: to Mich. B. Co. 24 sheep av 80 at $4. 4 do av 85 at $4, 9 lambs av 65 at $8.50. Hogs. Receipts, 2705. Market 100 lower than on Vl'ednesday. but 15c higher than on 19.81: Thursday. Range of prices: Light to good butch- ers, $9.15; pigs, $9.15; light yorkers, $9.15; Stags one-third off. Roe Com. Co. Suld Sullivan P. Co. 320 av 190 at $9.15. Sundry shippers sold same 215 av 180 at $9.15. Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. & Co. 1271 av 190 at $9.15. Haley & M. sold Hammond, S. & Co. 185 'av 190 at $9.15. Sundry shippers sold same 275 av 185 at $9.15. ' &. R. sold same 160 av 190 at Friday's Market. July 11, 1913. tti Ca e. Receipts this week, 1034; last week, 915. Market steady at Thursday’s prices. We quote: Best steers and heifers, $8.50; steers and heifers, 1000 to 1200, $8@8.25; do. 800 to 1000. $7.50@8; grass steers and heifers that are fat, 800 to 1000, $7.50@7.75; do. 500 to 700. $6616.75; choice fat cows, $6.25@6.50; good do, $5.50@6; cemmon' cows, $4.50@5; canners $3.75@4.25; choice heavy bulls, $6.50; fair to good bologna bulls, $5.50@6; stock bulls $4.50@5.25; choice feeding steers, 800 to 1000, $6.50@7; fair do., 800 to 1000,6661) 6.50; choice stockers, 500 to 700, $6.25@ 6.50; fair stockers, 500 to 700. $5.75@6; stock heifers, $5@5.75; milkers, large, young, medium age, $60@75; common do. $35@50. Veal Calves. Receipts this week, 603; last week, 893. 6 cows av 1008 at $5; to Heinrich 24 _ steers av 1025 at $8.05, 1 bull weighing Market 75c@$1 higher. Best. $11@12: 1150 at $6.50; to Hammond. S. & Co. 5 others, $8@10. bulls av 1068 at $6.35; to Sullivan P. Co. 50609 and Lambs. 11 butchers av 975 at $6; to Parker. W. Receipts this week. 1728; last week, & Co. 1 bull weighing 1100 at $6.25. 9 butchers av 662 at $6. 2 COWS av 1045 at $5.50. 1 bull weighing 1100 at $6.25, 1 do weighing 1130 at $6.50 2 heifers av 970 at $7; to Thompson Bros. 22 cows‘ av 1101 at $5.85: to Newton B. Co. 12 do av 1002 at $5.85; to Parker, W. & Co. 1 cow weighing 940 at $4.50; to Mason B. Co. 2- steers av 935 at $7.50: to Parker. W. & Co. 2 bulls av 850 at $6, 2 cows av 925 at $4, 3 d0 av 933 at $5.50, 1 do weighing 1070 at $6.25: to Kamman B. Co. 18 steers av 1018 atl$8.10;‘ to ‘Hammond, S. & Co. 30 butchers' 'av 757 at $6.75. Veal Calves. ‘ Receipts, 544. Market very active on good stuff; 50c higher than Wednesday. $1 higher than last Week. 'Best, $10@11; others, $7@.9-50-" " ' ' Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P. >00. 1 weighing 170 at $1111“ 12 av 150 .at $11. 1 weighing 110 at $9, 13 av 150‘at $10.25; 5 av '150'at $10.50, 3 av 145 at $9.50, 9 av 1116. Sheep 250 higher; lambs steady. Best lambs,‘ $8.75; fair to good lambs, $7.75@8.25; light to common lambs, $6@ 6.50; yearlings,‘ $6@6.75: fair to good sheep, $4@4.50; culls and common, $3 @3.25. Hogs. Receipts this week, 3136; last week, 3608. Market steady at Thursday’s prices. Range of prices: Light to good butchers, $9.15; pigs, $9.15; light yorkers, $9.15; stags one-third off. Maintaining .flrm prices for cattle this hot weather is a very difficult matter, and it is possible only when Supplies are kept down 'to low proportions, for. high prices tend to check the consumption of} beef to aserious extent. The best beeves are apt- to sell off as readily as the com— moner kinds, and it seems extremely doubtful that last. year’s: fancy prices will be repeated this year. flullllilllllllllllllllilllll . milk. gmmliiflmfllfllilimiiillIIllllliiiilliIllililillflflllifliillllliflliiiiiifliiiiflliiiilillfliii Veterinary. lfliiiuiiiiifliilfliifliflfliilifliiliiiiflilililiflll|IllllililiililllliiiliillilililiillilliliiliilililliillliiliiiE CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. 8. Advice through this department is free to our subscribers. Each communication should state history and symptoms of the casein full; also name and address of writer. Initials only will be published. Many queries are answered that apply to the same ailments. If this column is watched carefully you will probably find the desired informaItIOn in a reply that has been made to someone else. When reply by mail. is requested, it becomes private practice, and a. fee of $1.00 must accompany the letter. lIlllllilliillliiiilllllllifi Overheated Mare—Mare Pants—“leak Heart—I have a fleshy more that was overheated last year; she is fleshy, is a very easy keeper and when doing light work pants badly. I feed her ground corn and oats and I forgot to say her mother dropped dead in harness. M. E” Woodland, Mich.——-Give her 15 dr. ground nux vomica, 542 oz. tincture arnica and V2 oz. sweet spirits nitre at a dose three times a day. Reduce her, feed less bulky food, wash her twice a day with tepid water and keep her bowels open. .Sore Tail.—Vl'henever I use my mare with crupper it seems to make tail sore and I would like to know What to apply. E. B. T., Belleville. Mich.~The crupper may not fit properly, or she may need independent bit attached to overcheck. Apply equal parts oxide of zinc, powder- ed alum and boracic acid to sore three times a day. Is it necessary to use crupper? Infected .Udder.—One-half of cow’s bag seems to be blocked and it is al— most impossible to draw milk from these two diseaSed quarters. J. lV., Memphis. Mich—Apply one part iodine and 20 parts fresh lard to blocked part of bag once daily. Give her 2 drs. potassium iodide at a dose twice a day. Asthmn.—I am interested in veterinary column and read it every week. Have a. sow that breathes rather short before she farrowcd and I find she is little better now. She is thin and unthrifty. J. G., Kalkaska, Mich—Give her ten drops of Fowler's solution. ten drops tincture lo— belia and 5 grs. chloral hydrate at a dose three times a day. Feed her less bulky food and keep her boWels open. Barren COWS—Contagious Abortion—I have found it troublesorhe to get some of my cows with calf and two of my cows calved two months too early. C. D., Mt. Clemens, Mich—If your cows have any vaginal discharge wash out vagina daily with the following tepid solution, made by dissolving 1 dr. permanganate of pot- ash in one gallon of clean water. Cows that abort are usually unprofitable for dairy purposes, they give nearly one- third less milk than it free from disease. Nasal Catarrh—Inclpient Heaves.—~Have a'six-year-old horse that has nose, head and throat trouble. He breathes much like a wind-broken horse. W. E., Rives Junction, Mich—Apply one part aqua ammonia, one part turpentine and four parts raw linseed oil to throat every two days; give a dessertspoonful of Fowler’s solution, a teaspoonful of tincture opium and a tablespoonful fluid extract gentian at a dose three times a day. Feed him IeSS bulky food. Fistulous VVithers.—I have-a four-year- old brood mare with six-weeks-old foal by her side. that has been trOubled with fistula of withers for the past eight weeks and remedies which I applied fail to keep wound healed. She has been bred again and believe she is in foal. B. 8., Gosh- en, Ind.-—-Put 1 dr. iodoform in gelatin capsule and drop it to bottom of abscess every two or three days. To clean off the puss apply peroxide hydrogen twice a day. Warts on Teats.-—-I have a five-year- old cow that has a great many warts on her teats and I have applied castor oil without results. Her bag was free from warts three weeks ago. G. \V. S., Brunt, Mich—Cut off those that have necks with seiseors or knife, or burn them off with lunar caustic, then oil sores with Olive oil. It is good practice to oil warts with oliVe oil after milking and scabby teats should be oiled with one part car- bolic acid and 25 parts vaseline twice a. day. Nervousness—Stone in Bladder.—My five-year-old horse took sick last Febru- ary; local Vet. treated him for nervous- ness; he seemingly recovered, but since then he- is inclined to leak urine. F. C., Oakley, Mich.— Give him 30 grs. of uro- tropin and 1 dr. potassium iodide at a. dose in feed two or three times a day. Premature Milk Flow—Have a valua- ble HolStein heifer due to freshen Sept. 1, which run in pasture lot some distance from here, but I found she was giving Took her up and she gives six quarts milk daily all on account of calf sucking her. Now I would like to know what to do, milk or dry her? A. W. ., Coldwater, Mich—Milk her, but feed her grain as Well as grass. Swollen Sheath—I have a horse with swollen sheath that has been treated by two of our local Vets. without success, and I would like to know what can be done for him? Nearly all this stocking exercises out of sheath, the parts are not sore and the glands of throat are also swollen. R. E.. Harrisville, Mich—It is almost impossible to effect a cure in such cases. Give 2 dr. doses potassium iodide two or three times a day. External ap- plications seldom do much good, especial- ly if the ailment is chronic. Arrun in pasture without being stabled is helpful. Infected Udder—Impaction.—-One of my cows has a hard bunch in back part of udder which may- be caused by an in- jury. for I notice a small wound. This same cow has a habit of holding head high and does it about as much when on grass as when fed dry feed: i’i'hen she has these attacks, she shrinks in milk yield. C. B., Sunfield, Mich—Apply one part iodine and ten parts lard to’ bunch every day or two. Give her epsom salts in one-pound doses daily until bowels loosen. ' Cow Gives Bloody Milk~—Weak Heart. —For the past two weeks one of my cows has been giving bloody milk. I also have a 13-year-old mare that pants badly during extremely hot weather and I. might say she did so last summer. J. H.. Redford, Mich—Apply one part tine- ture arnica and ten parts water to bruis- ed udder twice a day. Feed your mare less hay and more grain; also give her a. tablespoonful of Fowler’s solution, a tea- spoonful fluid nux vomica and a tea- spoonful tincture digitalis at a dime in feed three times a day. Abscess on Shoulder—Hernia.—-My 3- year-old colt has a soft bunch on shoul: der where collar rests and it seems to have air in it. I also have a young colt that has a small navel rupture and would like to know what to do for it. L. F. R., “'oodland, Mich—Open sack and allow serum to escape, then inject one part coal-tar disinfectant and 20 parts water twice a day. Leave colt alone and it may get'well without an operation. It should not be operated on before Novem- ber unless it is in pain. Garget—Indigestion—~Constipation. -— I have had trouble in keeping my cows' udders from Ctlltillg‘ and would like a remedy. Another cow has indigestion. \‘l'hat remedy shall I keep on hand to relieve cows of constipation? G. M.. Croswell, Mich—Careful feeding, cleanli- ness, plenty of bedding, good care and clean milking will partly prevent some of it. Give 1 oz. cooking soda and 1 oz. ginger at dose in each feed and it will help her. Keep on hand epsom salts and give 1 lb. when needed. R. T. 8., Williamsburg, Mich—Have a competent Vet. examine your mare—she may have glanders, for ulcers in nostrils is a suspicious symptom. We Want HAY8ISTRAW . We get the top price on consignments. mete lIbenl advanceme is and prompt remitbnoee. Daniel IleCaiircy's Sons Co. PITTSBURG. PA. _. W In 4- rmnl‘ - "oomph-IIIICHI ‘ Ship your ourlocd lots to us. THE E. L. RICHMOND 00-. 101113311. . Detroit. - M —We are ayin 50 above the FAR M ER Official etroigt Market for new-laid eggs shipped directto us by express. Write us for information. It will pay you. American Butter Cheese 00.. 31-33 Griswold St" Detroit. Mich. Farms and Farm lands For Sale F011 Till-Z BEST FARMS. 3.933 332212.23 Michigan. write E. N. PASSAGE. Plymou th,MIch. Ion it‘s-Irvflirguxg‘ulrnovm Fakglg—ero greet me ow . ' Mon UIINEY a 00.. 703 rung:- °§Idgu angof'ififm' FARMS F0! SALE 53131.556'213" h‘é’gz‘i’m in Saginaw Valley. ED. AHERN. Oheeanlng. Mich MICHIGAN FARMING LANDS Near Saginaw endlBey City. in Gladwin and Midland Counties. Low prIcos: Easy terms: Olenr title. Write for maps and particulars. STAFFELD BROTHERS 15 Merrill Building. Saginaw. (w. 8.). Michigan, ' ' and unim ro ed l FNTIII. Fm: diversified) fdmi “dent: P3373531 IioIous fruit-I and ideal homes. or information address. State Board of Agriculture. Dover. Delaware FARMS WANTED—We have direct buyers. Don't ' . pay commissions. Write de- mribImmpprty. naming lowest rice. We hel buy- ersloc desirable roperty Flt E. American {XII/est- ment Automation. Po ace Bldg. Minneapolis. Minn. CASH FOR YOUR FARM I bring buyers and. sellers to other. W 'te ' £0“ wanttobu . eellortrade. Egtsbllshed 1581. Fn'I-gnlkt . Cleveland. . Adams Express Bldg” Chicago, Ill. - ' —13 States, 810 to Money Making Farms an we, H.., M’m_ tools and crops often Included to settle uickly. More in productive land near good marks east. than the same money will purchase elsewhere on earth. Get the facts. B? illustrated catalog No. 36 free. It A. STROUT ARM AGENCY. Station 191. Pittsburg. Pa. COME TO TEXAS! Do'you want to change locati to I 4 are see an 3’3“ ”£53335“?- . goo an In t h for free and reliable infogmnticsxfugi Putnam"! Wea therford, e135: YOIIR CHANCI To our sum .. VIRGINIA dumping and increasing In WM Y Wattg'mg . m I‘ ‘ . . '4 Fume "figmv’mmom sm‘antyfif‘ur ti ultra-m % M H r outlaw I not. VlRfilan IAN M 4 Ganesha: be Wen-v I Quick. Goal. u..i‘$‘i‘.‘&1‘€. 1’5“.“ Garey lei Land Opening— ‘Beginning August 7, 1913. 3.600 acres in Bear River Valley, Utah. Low Price. Easy Terms, and Long Time. Also 9,000 Acres of deeded land in the Neponset Tract to be sold at low prices. Easy Terms. Long Time. ‘ Write for complete information. Sum- mer Tourist fares (lat class) daily. to. and including. Sept. 30. 1913, and Homemakers fares. (second class) hit and 3d abandon ofeach month. - R. A. SMITH, CM and Hill“ had. Uh Pull: hind Cm. lu- a“, "ll-I Pull: Idling. OMAHA. ’NBB. Chamber Commerce, 60—16 lmltmnma ' E Schooling Members of CO-OPERATIVE organization is a pure democracy. The members A rule. One has as much authority in deciding upon policies and in selecting men to serve the organization, as an- other; the character of the work done reflects back upon the membership, and the permanency of the society is deter- mined very largely by the type of men Who have joined hands and property in- terests. Accordingly, it is appropriate for Us to make a little study of the prepara- tion of the membership of such societies So that, although there are many phases wherein our information may be of little practical service, we may still be apprais- ed of certain conditions and values that will be useful during the process of or- ganization and afterwards. There are many reasons why men join co-operative societies. Some join because after carefully weighing the advantages and disadvantages of the institutions they conclude that it will be beneficial to themselves and the community and lend their support by subScribing. Some unite after being pursuaded at a rousing meeting addressed by magnetic speakers. Others are urged to do so by suave pro- moterS. Again, confidence in a friend or neighbor who has sanctioned the co-op- erative idea, leads still others into these societies. “'hile hoping for a position, seeking popularity, or desiring to create an additional market for goods are fur- ther reasons that actuate men to join these associations, and our list could no doubt be greatly lengthened if we had more complete biographies and knew the mental processes of men better. But with this catalogue of reasOns for joining co-operative societies before us We are confused. How will it he pos- sible to get together the men of a com- munity that are bred with, or have ac- quired, the qualifications that make them valuable as co—operatorS? As we see it, a large number of those in co-operative societies are there by accident. They have joined not because the matter has been carefully analyzed and the conclu- sion reached that marketing conditions would be improved, but for the reason perhaps that they have been told that it would do these things. And while some of the men who are led in finally become valuable men, and perhaps leaders, yet as a general rule those who permit them— selves to be blindly led into an organiza- tion are usually quite as easily led out again. But these very men are the ones who most need to co—operate. The lead— ers are usually able to solve their own problems but the men who follow, tvho need to be directed, are unprotected against the pitfalls prepared for the un- wary. So, since it is impossible to or- ganize a society Without such members and, if we could eliminate them, we would be untrue to the spirit of 00-01)- eration if we did so, and further, since every member has an influence in the conduct of the organization, the only safe road out of the dilemma is to pro- vide, in some manner, a school where all may be, instructed in the fundamentals of co-operation. The key to successful co-operation is liberal education. The soldier educated and disciplined in the ways of army life and tactics makes a much more depend- able man in the heat of battle than the raw recruit. Commissioner Rice, of the Michigan board of pardons has been mak- ing careful inquiry into the cause of crime and he finds that crime is far more prevalent among the uneducated than among those who have received a degree of schooling. This means that' informed men get along much better when associated than do uninformed men. So it is no unwise step to make provision for giving every person who expects to be a member of a co-operative organization, a course of study. Right here, in its foolish meanderings, the mind suggests that entrance examinations be required with questions covering the range of activities in Which the society is likely to engage; but while such a con-' dition would serve to place the organi- zation on a firm basis by giving it a. superior membership so far as intelli- gence may be concerned, it is open to the serious objection mentioned above, that many who most need the service of lllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllI|lIIIllIllllIllIlI|||Ill||lll|Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIlllll|llllIIIllllllllllllllllllflllllllllll|lIlIllIllIllllIlllIllIlllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfl’ Farm Commerce. llllllll|llll|Illllllllllllllllllllllllll|||Illll|Illl|llllllllll|l||l|Illlllllllllllllllli llIlllIlllll|lllllllllIll||llllllllllllIlllllllll|llllIllllllllll|IllIll||ll||IllllIllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllIllllllIllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfl THE MICHIGAN“ F’ARMER LJllllllllllllll Co-operative Societies. such a society would be eliminated. How- ever, the idea is a suggestive one and there may occasionally be instances where it could be used with justice and profit. But how shall we school our members and what should be the extent of the service. The answer may be Suggested by another question that is perhaps, just now, confronting the lecturers of Granges, the program committee of Farmers’ Clubs, and leaders of farmers organiza- tions of all kinds, and that is, what shall we have on our programs this coming season that will at once be interesting and valuable to our society? Here is the chance to make your farmer’s organiza- tion, your jGrange or your -F«armers" Club' ' handling the business at a profit. your school.‘ Then'all you need to do is to begin. You can study books, read and discuss articles appearing in farm journals and other publications on co-Op- eration, hold debates, assigh special themes for papers, or talks, and occa- sionally invite outside speakers to address the organization. Such a course followed more or less closely through a single winter, will lay a far better foundation for a co-operative organization, than a, passionate arrangement of the market- ing evils surrounding us,‘ by some pro- moter who arrives on the ground some afternoon and desires to have the com- munity organized and doing business so he can leave on a train that night to keep a similar appointment elsewhere the next day. Co-operation is a movement that is founded in the very hearts of men and it cannot be nurtured into be- ing in an instant. So if we are wise we will see that our organization is founded upon the rock of liberal educa- tion and not upon the sand of passion and prejudice. And we should use the means at hand to attain that schooling. llllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llIlllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllll||lllll|||lllllIllllllllll|||lllllllllllIllll||||Illllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllll|llIlllllllllllllllllllllllllll Attractiveness as a Factor 1n Marketmg Fruit. is a big selling factor in the fruit business. \l'hat is an attractive package? It is one that draws attention to the contents by the neat and pleasing manner in which the fruit is arranged, and so increases the value of that fruit. \‘Vhat is an honeSt pack? It is one that contains fruit of a uniform size and qual- ity, in a measure fully as large as the outside dimensions of the package would indicate. Many growers are doing fine work in the care of their orchards but when it comes to packing the fruit and putting it on the market, they are losing money by ’the inefficiency of their meth- ods. The fruit business must be carried on with the same careful management as other lines of industry and the producing of an attractive and honest package is the only sure road to success on the fruit farm. Last fall while visiting an inexperienced apple grower, we were Strolling through the orchard and met one of his hired men carefully facing off a barrel. “What is the object of saving all of those nice apples for the top?” was the first remark. THE honest and attractive package claimed with pride, “Every peach is a. beauty, not_a stung specimen in the lot.” We viewed with pleasure the stack of crates stamped to a commission firm not- ed for its square dealing and high quality fruit. The peaches had been graded with the greatest care and each one was wrap- ped in a piece of white tissue paper. They were neatly packed and these crates, containing six of the small oblong bas- kets, were selling for two dollars each. The crates held one buShel of fruit and the neighbors were selling the same amount, carelessly poured into bushel baskets, for less than a dollar. The grower paused from filling the packing tables and advanced his ideas re- garding the marketing of good fruit. “Yes,” he replied, “It certainly pays to give an honest pack. Several years ago when we Were packing most of our fruit in Climax baskets containing one~fifth of a bushel, many of the neighbors ordered baskets that were reduced to 51 capacity of one-sixth bushel. They figured that the market would never know the differ- ence, but you cannot fool the people very long. I went on using the regulation JULY 19, 1913. The ,‘gOOd packing-"13‘ the' solution to IDo‘you think that the best trade Will go out ,of their way to buy a bushel of peaches which have been dumped into the bas- ' kets like so many potatoes? They like to see fruit that has been kept fresh by being wrapped in a clean piece of tissue paper. The peaches have no chance to become covered with dust and the scrap- ing and bruising is greatly reduced. The extra dollar that they pay for the fruit does not mean as much to them as it 'does to me. It does not cost me 3. doi- lar to buy a six-basket crate and put my peaches up in style. I am not doing business for my health and do things right because I need the money." That man who was using ibusiness methods on his farm and was in favor of passing the Jayway Fruit Package bill which was carried last winter in the Mich- igan Legislature. He believes that every Michigan fruit grower should'send out a properly labeled package and approves of the penalty provided for any misrepre- sentation in the contents of that package. Does It Pay to Box Fancy Eastern Apples? The next grower visited was noted for producing fine Northern Spy and Grimes Golden apples. What do you think of the box for packing eastern apples?” was our first question. .“Well,” he replied, “The western growers made a big repu- tation for their box fruit because they put up an honest pack. If we use the box for only the beSt of our finest varie- ties and exclude all blemished and un- graded stock, the box is going to con- tinue as the carrier of first-class fruit. “"hen the farmer begins dumping all the inferior apples into the box with the hope that they will look better, he is only help- ing to destroy the reputation that has been made by the efforts of the western farmers. ,r I am boxing my fines Spies and Grimes Golden because I am shipping to a high- class trade and consider that the box makes about the neatest and handiest package on the market. The use of an attractive brand adds to the appearance of the package and will increase sales after the grower has built up a reputa- tion for that brand. The value of the box business is going to rest with the gr0wers and if they only box their best apples, the eastern orchardist will be able to compete with the westerner who The Bushel, Half-bushel and Climax Baskets are still Largely Used “\Vell.” he replied, “We pack as well as some of the people around here; we put three rows of nice apples at each end of the barrel and the buyer will pick off one of the apples on top and, looking under, he will see that they are fine. He will want to be absolutely sure so he will take one out frOm the second row. They will still look fine and he will never go any deeper than that." \Ve aSked him if it would not be better to put the good apples in the middle of the barrel and the poor ones at the end, as most people liked to be pleasantly sur- prised but disliked to be cheated. He re- plied that our reasoning sounded good, but that the boss was in the business to make money and had no time for senti- merit. The boss did not realize that he al- ready had a reputation among the buyers and received less per barrel for his fruit than they were paying to the man who was noted for honest dealing. Some day he will wake up to the fact that the bus- iness is not paying the maximum of profit and it will take a long time to build up the reputation that was thrown away earlier in his business career. Even the best looking package is only a business builder when it is backed up by honest packing. ‘ The Visit Where Honest Packing Paid. The farmer was working in the pack- ing shed with several of the hired men and they were putting up as fine a lot of Elberta peaches as the state of Mich— igan can produce. “Do you see those six-basket crates over there?” he ex- fifth-basket and found that the buyers knew the difference for many times my returns have been higher than the neigh- bors. I received good pay for the extra fruit in my full baskets and one commis- sion man told me that his customers were making a special request for the fruit from this farm. He has made me a fine offer to handle the entire crop but good fruit is always in demand and I have decided to look after the selling end of the game.” Selling Direct to the Consumer. V’Ve ventured to remark that it was probably a nuisance to look after a large number of small customers and no doubt he preferred to handle his crop as rap- idly as possible by selling in large con- signments. “No,” he replied, “I- have a lot of individual customers who have been ordering one or tw0 bushels of peaches every year for several years. We keep a card index of the addresses and as the customer pays the express. the only ad- ded expense is the'cost of inking a sepa- rate address on each crate. It is a pay- ing business because the public in general do not know where to obtain first-class fruit in any quantity, and 'if they hear of a man who has purchased something fine, they are anxious to own some of it. Every order brings another one be- cause every man has a friend who likes good peaChes and at least once a. year can Scrape up the money for an extra treat. I have quite a list of customers who prefer the Gold Drops and Bar‘nards for canning and they are depending on me tofili theirorders with those varieties. for Packing Michigan Fruit. the value of the honest has learned pack.” Individuality Displayed in Packing. The fruit farmer stamps much of his individuality on every package that goes to market and much of the success in packing will depend on the grower’s pride in only allowing the best to be shipped from his farm. There are sev- eral well defined styles of packages that are especially desirable for certain mar- kets. At the beginning of the season it is well to study the markets and decide on the packages that can carry certain grades and varieties of, fruit to the mar- ket where they 'will find the greatest favor. The crusade against false bottoms and short measures will be a help to the farmers who are putting up their paék- ages to meet the requirements of the best trade and it will eliminate the grower who has created a suspicion in the pub- lic mind by sending short packages to the market As soon as the crop can be estimated it is wise to get in the order for crates, baskets, and barrels. The rush order a. few days-before picking :time‘ causes con- fusion, and delays inr-the shipment of the packages to the grower often prevent marketing at, the proper time. A little co-operation ln‘the buying of the pack- ages has proven‘good business in. Some localities and wheredarge, consignments have been ordered through Special agents much‘money has been saved on the pur- chasing price and the cost of: transporta- tion is reduced. R. .G.‘ KIM}. . ‘a-MA“. I “Haw—«wands... ; JULY 19. 19137 umper C THE: MICHIGAN FARMER orn Crap—Short Hay Crop There’s Just ONE Thing for You to Do is buying Silos. :Groat- Chain of Five Factories Tokeep pace ‘with the big1 de- mand forSaginawSiIOs, we ave ,, - > . .w - shrinking and swelling of the slaves. gidgggilgsFI};chMgg/P{gg ,1: Siloil never evaporates, never dries out. cannot wash off or blister. ‘ I ' ‘ ' and the Silage is always sweet and pure. Sliciled Yellow Pine is the only rival of Redwood. . . ’ _ Think of itl——’A Siloiled Yellow Pine Silo—Hoops never need tightening—no trouble—no expense ~ TheSaginaw 8110 191103 the to .msin‘tain. ‘ . The Largest Order for Silos Ever Placed Mrs. Henrietta King, of Kingsville, Texas, one of the largest land-owners in the state, purchased. builtlike the tall steel sky- itself. Our factories are ocated to give the best‘service to the greatest number. This means economies in buying and rapid service in distributing. Think absolutely clear. A bumper corn crop means Silage at very low cost. A short hay crop means a high price for bay. The one - thing for you to do is tofeed Silage—~rich..sweet. succulent Silage, as it comes from the Saginaw Silo. And they’re buying SAGINA WS! Our five great Silo factories are running full blast. every point of the compass. Every owner is a booster for Saginaws. -' - absolutely unquestioned. Wherever Silos are sold, .thereyou will find the Saginaw. -'1-.—--.And Now--the REDWOOD Silo .. . For years we have been experimentin with all known woods available for Silo construction to g\ _\..l ' find one that will not shrink or swell. e’ve found it—IT’ S REDWOOD! ‘ We have provedbeyond doubt that Redwood will not shrink. swell or rat and is also fire-resisting. Last year we sold thousands of Redwood Saginaws .and every one is tight as a drum without being. touched by a-wrench. Redwood Silos need no paint. We are the largest buyers of Redwood in the world. - " n ‘ s - ' « ' ' ' II ‘ . Silmled Yellow Pine Siloiled Yellow Pine has Redwood qualities. _ Sildil1 by our patented process, permanently preserves the life of the Silo and eliminates the In addition it saves the heavy expense and labor of painting. Siloil preserves the wood 0 ' ' what this means to Silo buyers. 45 Redwood Saginaw Silos, aggregating $25,000—the greatest Silo order ever placed. Rush a Postal for Big Silo Book You order today—we ship to- morrow. At this time. when the failure of the hay crop has forced hundreds of farmers to send rush manufacturing and shipping fa- . 533129.13?“oi"."ré’i'éi'igof? {E}; T H E M c C L U R E C O M PA N Y (m... This book is big because .it has a big storay 1to tell. - ~ t ceaseless strivmg to build Saginaws better an letter. orders for Saginaws. these grea filled With solid facts about these wonderful wealth-producers. Everybody Orders are rolling in from Today the leadership of the Saginaw is The Redwood we use is air-dried and . Saginaw Silo Formerly Handy Wagon lio_ ‘ Built Like a Steel Sky-ac rapor- common wood stave Silo. All. Saginaws are STEEL- BU-ILT ' STAVE SILOS— scrapers. They have the strength of the steel and the quality of A story of victory after victory, won by the WOOd- , They remain ab‘ ‘Vrite for Book No. 42~—it's inspiring—it’s SOlutely “Bid: reS‘SUng the Postal brings book by return mail. Strain from Wind storms. The All-Steel Frame. with its Patented Angle-Steel Rib. Steel Door Frame. Steel Inner Anchor and heavy Base Anchor give the '. f silos in a . . . . . . . . ‘. giiaéédasyIGWSlfdidlEi it easily. Saginaw, Mich.; Des Momes. lowa,; Minneapolis, Minn.; Oalro, lll.; Ft. Worth, Tex- figfilrggdg’qgsw‘w'my- 3‘0"“ ' Pulverized Lime Rock We can ship in car-load lots in two days after order is received from Muskegon and Benton Harbor. Write for prices direct to you. LAKE SHORE STONE 00.. MIIw-ukoo. Wis. Michigan While cedar Folios Posis. GEORGE M. CHANDLER. Onaway. Mich. CHEAP FEED FOR HOGS Wheat. corn. barley. cooked. sweetened. flavored. toasted. prepared for man. Bells packaged 150 pound. Broken flakes make line pig feed—1 portein. Cheaper and better than corn meal or Mlddlings. Price $1.10 per cwt. Bend check for trial order. Satisfactory or money back. Ask for free booklet. J. E. BARTLETT 00.. Jackson. Michigan. For. SALE on TRADE (What you got.) Registered Percheron Stallion. black. 1756 hands high. weighs 1800 lbs. This horse is sound. good style and a colt getter. No use for him. He will make you ood money. Come ulck. J. CuBUTLER. Port and. Michigan. Bell P one. FDR SAL $2232.“. Belgian Stallion Sound and right in every way. Also a 3-year—old JACK. Or will trade for other live stock and real estate. Address W. G. Himmelwright. FrankfortJnd. WANT TO BUY Editiflefl‘ilsfli breeding. W. H. II. WERTZ. Wooster. 0 lo. BIHDERS’ DIREC'NIY. CATTLE. Aberdeen-An us. Herd. consisting of Trojan Erlcaa. B sckbirds and Prides. onl . is headed by Egerton W. the RAND CHAMPION bull at the State. _West Michigan and Bay City Fairs of 1912 and the siren! winners at these Fairs and at E INTERNATIONAL. Chicago. of 1912. WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionia. Mich. , . GUERNSEY BULL CALVES, YORKSHIRE PIGS. Good Stock. HICKS GUERNSEY I’d“. Saginaw. W. 8.. Mich. ' ' —R' h ' . . b ' . Guernsey Bull Calf pl: .3“..é..“..§"°€;‘:§. AIGee Dandy. G. A. WIGENT. Watervliet. Mich. GUERNSEYs—Reg. Tuberculin Tested. Wlndor- more Form. Watervliet. ‘Mlch. J. K. BLATCHFORD. Auditoriun Tower. ChicagoJll. Have 2 Reg. Guernsey bulls left. Ready for service. the very best breeding. cheap it taken soon. Guar- antee satisfaction. John Ebels. R. 10. Holland. Mich. HEREFORD BULLS F01! SALE 61333333 ALLEN BROS" Paw Paw. Michigan. HOICE Bull Calves from A. R. 0. demo. Sired by our herd sire whose dam and slre's dam each made over 30 lbs. in '1 days E. R. Cornell. Howell. Mich. A FEW ClllICIi i3$‘ls?l.‘.“2?“§.333' Salli“ GREGORY a BORDEN. Howell. Michigan. ' HOLSTEINBULLB-wrell bred. at reasonable prices. Barred Rock Chickens from 15 e breedi . Good layers eggs 15 for II. W. B. Jones): 3:: vagf‘Mich. “Top-Notch” Wolds. Choico‘bull calves from! “Sumo“. cl fashion. sblo procaine and trenchin- withbnoisl milk and butter records for sale at roasoublo prices. MOPHIIION rm; GO.- HOWOII. "I'm-1|. - l Purebred Registered H OLSTE IN CATTLE The Greatest Dairy Breed Sand for FREE Illustrated Bookish Holstein-Friction. Also" Box [64. Brotfleboro.Vt. IMPORTANT T0 HOLSTEIN BREEDEHS. If there is a breeder or a community of breeders in Michi an in need of one of the greatest BULLS of the G EATEST breed of Dairy cattle in the world. I wish to call your attention to the fact that I am oflerin FOR l8ALE. Pledge Duke De Kol Welsrii No. 435 7. He is a great breeder. ii. grand individua . Bred right. and guaranteed a sure breeder. sound and right in every respect. His dam ls Nancy Pledge Princess. Butter in 7 days. 32.39 lbs.; Milk in 7 days, 716.00 lbs.; Butter in 30 days. 132.81 lbs. ; Milk in 30 days. 3057.70 lho.; Come and see him and see his heifers. and be convinced of his worth. L. E. CONNELL. Fayette. Ohio. Bigelow’s Holstein Farms Breedsvillo, Mich. Have for sale several fine young bulls out of cows with high official butter and milk records. Send for circular. ”THIS HOLSTEIN BULL washircd by best son of PONTIAC BUTTERBOY. Dam has official record of 24 lbs. asl-yr. -old. 90 lbs. milk a day. Price 3100. C. D. WOODBURY. Lansing.Mich. HOLSTEIN BULLS. BLOB months old. 375 to 8300. Don‘t buy until you get our pedigrees and prices. LON r BEACH FARMS. Augusta. Kalamazoo 00.. Mich. ' 4 months old. Sire grandson of DeKol, HOISIBIII Bu“ 2d. greatest producers of 30-lb cows. Dam traces twice to Paul Beets DeKol. 101A. R. 0. daughters. $50. HOBART W. FAY. Mason. Mich. FOR SALE—0n Cornwell Farm. Clare. Michigan. Holstein new mllch cows. Also good Dalryman wanted. Enquire of ERNEST PIETZ. HOLSTEIN BULL~_1 yr. old. Sired by my famous Hersog Segis.deep in blood of Butter Boy & DeKols. $76. 0. D. Waterman. Grosse Ile. Wayne Co.. Mich. -——2-yr. -old Jersey Bull—Dam's S-yr. -old record For Sail—10551 lbs. milk. 513 lbs. tat om lbs. butter. Sires dam’s record~ . 7 lbs. milk; Bill lbs. fat. 706 lbs. butter. 2-yr.-old full sister's record—8610 lbs. milk. 435 lbs. fat. 513 lbs. butter. All authenticated. kind. sound. sure. Waterman & Waterman.Ann Arbor. Mich. O f , . lloilon Farm. Grass lake.lllcil. {infig‘szfggugfsgsfi ice of Sylvan 56% %the blood of Jubilee of Boisd Arc. Llllio Farmstead Jerseys (Tubercnlin tested. Guaranteed free from Tuber- culosis.) Several good bulls ant bull calves out of good dairy cows for so a. No ..emales for sale at present. Satisfaction naranteoé. 00110 Cooper-villa. Inch. o - BUTTER BRED JEP‘BSE‘SBHEII‘LS CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM. Silver Creek. Allezan County. Michigan. I.” s l ~‘Registered Jersey Cattle. tuberculin test- 9" a e ed: bulls and bull calves: heifer and heifer calves: cows with Register of Merl and Cow Testing lotion records. IBVI‘N FOX. Alisgsn. Mich. Jors . "Bani ready for service. bred for production. Also cows and heifers. Bmokwator Form. B. P. D. No. 7. Ann Arbor. Mich. FOR SALEPEZFIS dignifiufit 3335: GEO. c. BORCK. Grand Haven. Mlchlzan. FOR SALE eligible to registry, 2 months to one year; 1 registered cow and 4 grade cows in calf to registered bull, fine milkers—Bargains. Also a few Thoroughbred Duroc Jersey Sows and Boats. JOSEPH BAYNE Jr.. TWIN LAKE. MICHIGAN. ] - ollnl BllEll SlllllllllllllllSfi’a‘igls‘fiSf‘ it‘d-sis: J. B. HUMMEL. Mason. Michigan. SillililHOiill (illlLE“fiei?3.§i3§‘§§fi.f‘“lll$23133“? shire rams and ewes. M. A. BRAY. Okemos. Mic . ' ~—Large Cnttlohfleavy Milken. ”air, Silllrllioms Milk Records of all cows kept. No stock for sale at present. W. W. KNAPP. R. No. 4. Watervliet. Mich. SHEEP. lT PAYS TO BUY THOROUGHBRED SHEEP 0F PARSONS. "the sheep man of the east;" I sell and ship everywhere and pay express charges. I will start one man in each two. Write for club offer and descriptive price list. Shropsllires. Ramboui'llet. l’olled-Delaines and OXFORDS. R. . ARSON Grand Ledge, Michigad. ling. Ramoiluillel Sheep. Pun Bred Poland China HUGS and PERCHERON HORSES. 2% miles E. Morrice. on G. T. R. R. and M. U. R. J.Q. A. COOK. ‘ -—Yearling and ram lambs from Chain ion I-IICBSIUTS flock of Thumb of Mich. Also select Kerk shire swine. Elmhurst Stock Farm. Almont. Mich. SHROPSHIRES Cd DUROCS KOPE-KON FARM. Kinderhook. Michigan. H008. ' ' ———A Desirable Bunch of Sows of ”limos & “Ohms Either Breed due A rii and May. M. '1‘. Story. R. R. 48 Lowell. Mich. ity Phone 56. ' ' ' —B b d' : bestt . Quick Maiurln Berkshires 35$.gmofiiu...n{£a or money refun ed. 0. B. BARTLETT. Pontiac. Mich. ' ——bred for July farrowingmlso achoico A Icarlmg 30'! lot of Spring Pics for sale. Either Box. A. A. PATTULLO. R. 0.1Deckervllle. Mich. 0 I 0 —Big growthy type. last fall gilts and this a a 0 spring forrowto offer. Very Rood stock. Scott No. 1 head of herd. Farm 34 mile west of depot. OTTO B. SCHULZE. Nashville. Mich. ' 9 —A FEW BRED sows son 0. I. C 5 SEPTEMBER FARBOW. GEO. P. ANDREWS. Dan-ville. Insham 00.. Mich. o I -—all sold. Orders booked f r. A ril . I- c sandMayi fish 1 o P c. J. rucumn.p&kroidionmgedlw 9 —B . «O. I. C s trxieog ”33%“? 31231.35? FRED NICKEL 3:1. Monroe. lchlgan. 0 --All . ' growth and large. Moles - I. 03 “1.133 to select or Attrsoti 0 xi on‘yom stock. E. B. JUMP. Munich. lvloh. 0‘“ sow walonm 932 Lbs.- '. A 23 MONTHS O D ‘ lONlA GIRL I have started more breeders on the road to suc- cess than on man living. I have thelargost and flu- eat herd in t e U. 8. Every one an early developer. ready for the market at six months old. I want to glass one hog in each community to advertise my old. Write for my plan."Howto Make Money from H088." 0. 8. BENJAMIN. ml“. I 0 Portland. Mich. o I C! ——We make a specialty of O. I. C. hogs I .I on our farm. took all regis- tered in O. 1. C. Ass'n. J. R. WAY. Pompeii, Mich. -—I am offering filo-lb. O. I. C. S W INF. 8.... 1...... d... .0 furrow the latter glut of August and fore part of September. All w o are interested write me. A. J. GORDON. R. No. 2. Dorr. Mich. ”Bloc-JERSEYS—Fall and Spring boars from ‘ prize-winning strains. Sows all ages. SPECIAL BARGAIN in summer igs. Brookwater Farm. R. F. D. No. 7. Ann Arbor. ll ich. Duroc Jerseys—Gillie all sold. Spring pigs of the large and heavy boned type. Pairs not akin.Satisfaction guaranteed. F. J. DRODT. R. No. 1. Monroe. Mich. Duroc Jerseys For Sale—Three fall boars. also spring pigs. either sex: hot finest breeding and individual quality. John McNicoll. Station A. H LBay City Mich. lluroc lersoys—llolhing Bul Spring Pigs For Sale. CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings. Michigan. —B POLANI) CHINAS 33.31. lilfiit‘imwin‘iumm" Prices right. w. J. HAGELSHAW. Augusta. Mai‘celg: LARGE S’I‘YLED POLAND CHINA SPRING PIGS. Bows bred for fall furrow. also Shorthorn Bull calves at close prices. Robert Neve. Pierson. Mich. -E'th . . - gigolo» ClllNA also" “2;. :l‘risw its: 0 . LONG. B. No. 8. Grand Rapids. Michigan. LINE TYPE P. ll. FALL PIGS Sliifiégt‘ 1,1333%? s ring pics I ever raised. Eight sows farrowed 86. 9'39 or write Expenses paid if not satisfied. Free livery from Parma. W. E. Livingston. Parma. Mich. I’. C. WARS AND 50W “1"“ W ”9' “l’ed A. A. woon & SON. Sign? mifli’é‘lli’.‘ 350 BIG TYPE MULE FOOT HOGB—All a as for sale. Prolific and hard . B t 'g Also Ponies. J. DUNLAP. xiif.viliifi§§:pzi§€lhifig' LARGE Yorkshires—Choice breeding stock. all 339., not skin, from State Fair prize-winners. Pedi. greet: furnished. W. C. COOK. R. 42 Box 22.Ada. M‘ch. O’RKSHIRE Swine—We have some nice spring . pigs now ready for sale. Write for discription and prices. OSTRANDER BROS. Morley. Mich. Lillie Farmstead YORKSHIHES Spring bred gilts all sold. Gilts bred for next August fail-om. Be ttgnber pigdegther slex. psi" and trios no a n. 3 or U 1‘ 11‘ p‘fl' - COLON E. L ILLIE. Sooner-ville. Mich ' ‘ When writing to advertisers please mention the Michi gan Farmer. . - .. 62 -'18 lllllllllllllllllllg E Horticulture. THE: MICHIGAN FARM’ER., 3’ lllllllll||llIIllIllI|IlllllllIlll||IlllllllllllllIll|Ill|IllIllllllllIllll|IllllllllllllIllllllllllllillllllllll|llllIlll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllflllIllllllllllllllllllllllflllllllllllllfllllfllllllIlllHillllllllllllflfllflllllllllfllflllflllg E fillllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllIlllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llIlllll|llllIllIlllllllIllIllIIIlllllllillllIIIllIllIilllllllIllIHllllllllIllllIIllllIlllllllllllIIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi FIRE BLIGHT IN APPLE AND PEAR - TREES. The season is here when complaints are made of apple and pear trees being af- fected with fire blight. By this time the disease has extended down the limbs and t3 the leaves which have turned brown. It is these brown leaves that inform the owner of the trees that something is wrong and sets him to seek the cause and remedy. The blight is the result of work done by a germ that lives inside the stem. Be- cause of the tender buds at the end of the rapidly growing twigs the germ is able to break through the walls of the cells there and gain entrance to the in- ner part of the plant. Once inside the germ multiplies and the offspring move downward through the circulatory sys- tem of the sap—wood, or growing tissue. Whenever the germs become abundant the wood, bark and leaves die, possibly from the toxic effect of the refuse of the germ, or from the mechanical injury to the cells, or perhaps from both causes. Since they are more‘ tender, rapidly growing trees are more subject to attack by the pest. -Operating on the inside of the plant makes the control of this trouble difficult of accomplishment. Much effort has been put forth to find a convenient specific but it cannot be said that any has yet been diseovered. The above observation that rapidly growing trees are more SliSCep- tible to attack has led to the practice of leaving pear trees in sod where they will develop more slowly and form tissue of greater defensive powers because of the tougher cell walls This practice is mere- ly preventive. The only treatment that can be recommended after the trees have been attacked by the germ is to cut out all diseased twigs and branches. The cut should be made several inches below where the bark appears to be dead since the infection extends downward beyond where the wood and bark are killed. The wound made should be washed with a five per cent solution of carbolic acid and the limbs and twigs removed should be either burned or buried. It is good pol- icy to make systematic examination of the trees in the orchard f0r keeping down the damage from this cause. MELONS IN ANY EVENT. Pretty discouraging weather conditions for early planted melons and vine fruits in the line of dry cool weather, frosts and freezes up to the night of June 7, and that was fierce, but our melons (plants) were safe in boxes under the tool shed roof and now they are going on flourish- ingly just the same as though a freeze that made ice half an inch thick in the watering tub here at home, was never a fact of Michigan weather in June. but still way south, in Indiana, they had it and Were lucky after all. Corn and pota- toes will comc on and not be much later for the pruning that we couldn’t help. But to those melon and squash plants, some of them were almost large enough to “run,” when the freeze came, two days after this, in the evening, they were. taken to their future home in a field already carefully prepared for them and set flush with the soil, box, dirt and all. You see, melons are very susceptible to handling and their roots don’t like to be disturbed. We avoid this by sowing the seed in parafine-coated boxes, all gro- cers keep to put up mixed pickles, etc., in for their customers One can plant five to seven seeds in each and thin to two or three of the most thrifty plants at leisure, and then when really settled warm weather comes, out they go, green as leeks, each hill in its separate box ready for business. The paper, which is quite heavy and also oiled, keeps well, above the ground but soon soaks up when fully buried, so the roots of the plants strike through and grow as well or better than if originally plan'ted there. Then, too, here is another consideration. If one is careful no cutworms. etc., are in the prepared soil of the boxes, then by leaving a rim two inches all around the box, extending above the soil, no worms will subsequently cut off the plant stems. One bushel of baked soil (heated soil) Will fill 30 to 40 of these boxes, this heat- ing kills all weed seed, grubS. bugs, etc., and is easily done in an oven or out doors in any old receptacle capable of holding ‘ the boxes are filled. soil, afterwards it is left to cool down and thoroughly moistened through before It don’t take long and in a catchy season, in fact, any sea- son, pays well in the satisfaction of nice thrifty early plants to set, no matter what the weather conditions may be earlier. Gladwin CO. C. A. RANDALL. HOW TO PREVENT DESTRUCTION OF GARDEN SEED BY MOLES. I would like to ask if you know of any- thing that can be used in planting sweet corn and peas that will keep the moles from destroying them and not hurt the seed germ. We have a serious time try- ing to get them started and the moles will find them every time and it seems to be a loss of seed and time to plant them but we do not wish to get along without them. We have tried a great many things but to no avail. If you know of any preventive for it I would be very grateful for information. Van Buren Co. G. H. C. Where moles are quite troublesome, if the seed is dipped in any preparation that has an offensive odor, also an of- fensive taste, it helps some because the moles will not eat it so readily. A coal- tnr preparation or something of that sort will assist some. But it only takes a. few days f0r the soil to absorb the most of this tar or the moles become accuc- tomed to it, as it is not a sure preventa- tive. But it will help some. My experi- ence is that the best :way to do is to trap the moles. Get one of these spear traps, and just as soon as you see where a mole has been'set the trap over this runway, and by being a little bit per- sistent you will catch Mr. Mole and he will destroy no more garden seed. It pays to have one of these traps where moles are troublesome and keep it set all the while. I have had a trap'set in my lawn sometimes for a week at a. time and We could not get the mole, but finally we would get him. Moles are us- ually not very numerous. One or two will play havoc in a garden. If you can catch them it ends the trouble. COLON C. LILLIE. HOME GROUNDS, COVER CROPS AND CO-OPERATION DISCUSSED. The July meeting of the Oakland Coun- ty Horticultural Society was held Satur- day, July 5, at R. J. Coryell’s, west of Birmingham. On account of the extreme heat the meeting was held on the com- modious porch of the beautiful and sub- stantially built farm house. Mr. Coryell was the firSt called upon to give a talk on “HOme Grounds.” The ideas expressed were very prac- tical and sensible. Economy, beauty and harmony should go hand in hand. He said that it is not worth the While to make the care of the yard and lawn so burdensome that in order to keep them in good shape and looking well, one would be obliged to neglect the farm work. By carefully arranging the shrubbery around the outside, the horse mower can be used on the. lawn, which will save time and labor. He recommended red-top grass for the lawn as it recovers quicker than June graSs or the Kentucky Blue grass, after clipping or a drouth. The talk brought out some pointed re- marks from Joseph Graley and Harrison \Valters. Mr; Graley said he planned to have a man mow his lawn as often as once in two weeks and sometimes often- er. As it takes a man three hours to go over it once, and that it needs mowing ten times during the summer, it costs three days’ time to attend to the lawn, and he considers it time well spent. The young man, Ralph Coryell, who is a student at the M. A. C. gave an inter— esting talk on “The College and the Young Man.” He said that after one had learned the fundamental facts gathered from scientific instruction given at the College, a young man soon learns to think for himSelf. The College equips with practical instruction, inspires cour- age and confidence. In other words, it encourages self-reliance. Cover Crops. Prof. H. J. Eustace, of the M. A. C., was present and gave a lecture. The Subject assigned him was “Cover Crops on 3 Fruit Farm." In his preliminary remarks Prof. Eus- tace digressed from the subject assigned him to give same hints in regard" to the condition of the» various «fruit crops-- throughout the country. He Said- that the apple crop, with the exception of a. very few localities, will be a light crop this year. Pears will be a light crop. While there are not so many apples there will be proportionately more insects than last year. He emphasized the im- portance of doing a. thorough job at Spraying the‘last time. He said spray about the first of August and use plenty of good poison in order to avoid having wormy apples. Cultivation Recommended. Prof. EuStace said that too many or- chards are spoiled by being allowed to become sodded over under the trees. Mulching, if properly done, will help some but it is an expensive way of caring for the orchard as it costs a good deal for labor, and mulching material is also scarce and high in price. Cultivation is cheaper and can be more generally prac- ticed. “'hen .one cultivates under and between the trees they stir the soil, conserve the moisture by making a dust mulch blan- ket, release the plant food already in the soil and promote the growth of the treeS. By cultivating thoroughly the trees are allowed the benefit of all the plant food in the soil which leaves them untram- meled during the summer. They can grow new wood and get moisture enough to produce a crop of fruit. When suffi- cient growth has been attained then one should make a wise choice in selecting the right kind of cover crops that will check the growth of the trees to allow the new wood to mature before winter, make a mulch blanket for the winter, and furnish fertility f0r the use of the trees during the coming years. Different Cover Crops. The vetch is a valuable cover crop for sandy soils. The winter vetch is better than the spring vetch as it lives through the winter, starts to grow early in the spring, and should be plowed under as soon as one wishes to begin cultivating the orchards, The vetch is a legume, gathers nitrogen from the air, and adds greatly to the humus in the soil. Sow ‘about ,20 pounds of seed to the acre about the first of August. Mix with oats and get a good cover for the orchard. For heavy soils mammoth clover gives excellent satisfaction. It is also a nitro- gen gatherer and makes a good mulch to turn under in the spring. If one wishes to mix the clover and vetch, use 10 pounds of each kind of seed. Another combination is recommended, cowhorn turnips, mammoth clover, winter Vetch and oats. There are times when one does not de- sire to add to the plant food in the soil as the trees are getting growth enough. At such times sow oats alone about the first of August, and they will take the moiSture from the ground, check growth of wood, and make a cover for the ground during the winter. Co-operation in selling was discussed but no definite plants are settled upon yet. A plan to eliminate the dishonest peddler who only buys the low—grade fruit, be- cause he can get it at a small price, and sell it to the consumers and make a good profit is desirable. The consumers com- plain that it is nearly, if not quite, im- possible to get good Michigan fruits, fruit with a good flavor. It is because the right plan of selling has not been hit upon. The producers who properly sort their fruit and classify it ought to get to the consumers, but do not, because the consumers have become attached to the plan of buying from the peddlers. By organizing and co-operating in selling, the difficulties now met with may be over- come. If the consumers could be im— pressed with the fact that the highest grade of fruit is the cheapest. as there is so small a percentage of waste in it, a good point would be gained. Wayne Co. N. A. CLAPP. LIME-SULPHUR As A SUMMER SPRAY. For the past two years the Maryland Experiment Station has been conducting co-operative experiments on the neces- sity for summer spraying of peach and apple trees. The results of the spraying investigations as a whole lead to the con- clusion that self-boiled lime-sulphur 8:8: 50 is an excellent protection against peach scab, and the best treatment for rot in view of the risk of injury from Bordeaux” The self-boiled mixture. however, is scarcely effective against most apple diseases. Sufficiently diluted concen- trated lime-sulphur will control scab and rot of peach to a great extent but with some danger of foliage injury. A strong- er solution, say 1:40, is effective for most JULY 19, 1913.? apple diseases except. bitter rot but with some danger Of burning the leaf and fruit. It is net so good a ffingiéidé as Bordeaux but does not russet apples like the latter. Sulphocide used in effective strengths usually causes marked injury to foliage. The results obtained with atomic sulphur were too variable to be conclusive. Although arsenate of lead in the usual amount with lime-sulphur may cause some injury to peach foliage, it is believed that this is the most ef- fective- combination for controlling cur- culio. WATER! NG YOUNG TREES. When natural rainfall does not meet the requirement, and the weather be- comes both hot and dry, young fruit trees give the signal of distress. Some people who wish to do something for the relief of the tree dig the dirt away from the base, thereby forming a basin around the collar of the tree, and into this they pour a quantity of water. This method of ir- rigation helps some, but it is much bet- ter to dig a trench circling around the tree some distance from the base. The distance depending upon the size of the tree. By putting water enough into this trench to thoroughly soak the ground, the lateral roots are reached and much more good is done. After the water has been all taken up by the soil and the bottom of the trench is becoming dry, the trench should be filled with loose soil to form a mulch to prevent evaporation. Another good way to apply water where less labor is‘ involved is to dig a hole large enough to hold a .bucketful of water, about 20 inches from the body of the yOung tree, and over this hole keep a sack of hay to prevent evaporation. It will be necessary to fill this hole with water every few days, but the method will be found to be of great service to the tree during the dry summer weather. Unless one has an abundance of water for surface irrigation, the most economi- cal plan is the underground application. For yOung trees the first and second years after setting, a simple elbow made of ordinary galvanized sheet metal will give good service. This elbow can be made with one arm about seeven inches and the other arm 16 inches. This is set into the ground until the bend of the el- 'bow is 12 or 14 inches below the surface. and the outlet of the short arm within five or six inches of the tree’s tap root. When the hole is filled and the earth leveled, the top end of the upright arm will be above ground, and water is ap- plied by' putting it into this arm’s mouth. By this means the water is easily applied and it goes directly to where it is need- ed. It has been found that a little water thus applied does as much good as many times the quantity placed on the surface. These elbows cost but a little and mean the protection from droutll with a. very small quantity of water. This little elbow will fail to furnish the needed amount after the tree has reach- ed the age of three years and over, but a tree does not succumb so readily to a. drouth when it has reached that age and gotten itself well establisned. By keeping a good mulch around the base of the trees, evaporation will be greatly reduced. This mulch may be made of soil or of straw. If the mulch is made of straw one should see to it that it is held down sufficiently to not be blown out of place by the wind. All suckers (water-sprouts) should be kept pruned off, for they take up mois- ture that should go to the permanent tree. By rubbing the hands up and down the body of the tree when suckers are quite small they can be removed easily without making any scar. One thing well to remember when ap- plying water to the tree is to be sure that it contains no minerals that are likely to injure the little rootlets. It is better to use rain water if one can get it. If one must use the water from a well of which it is feared contains min- erals of injurious nature, it is best to pump the water into a little basin made on the surface of the soil, and let the water stand there one day and night be- fore using. This standing in an open pool seems to cause much of the mineral to become separated from the water. The water should be applied to the trees late in the afternoon, thus giving it time to become soaked into the soil befor'e the- mid-day heat returns. A. M. LATHAM. The Michigan, Farmer offers excellent articles 'in exchange for a. little.:time.' Write for list of articles and also-you will be informed how easily they ‘ are: earned." . .* ,‘_ 5. i, ‘4' a m ~‘r: u I my 19, 1913. T HEM I30 H I GAIN “FA" R‘M’E'R " 19—63 gumIIliumInuImumImmm"mumummmmmmmmnmmummg. s Grange. g lEllllllllllllll||Illllllllllllllllllllllllillllll|lllllllillIlllllllllll|IIIIIIIllIllllllllflllllllllllllflllllllllllllg Our Motto—“The farmer is of more consequence than the farm, and should be first improved.” THE JULY PROGRAMS. Suggestions for Second Meeting. ‘ Song, selected by Ceres. Review of one number of Grange MOnthly, by Secretary. Reading or declama'tion, “The country boy's creed.” We have contests f0r blue ribbon corn, pigs and cattle—why not for “better ba- bies?” Song. selected by Flora. National 5‘ What could the authorities of our near- est town or village do to make the town more attractive, or more convenient, or of more financial. advantage to country people who trade there? DiscussiOn. Are the town people or the farmers to blame for the late hours the stores are kept open on Saturday nights? “Chip basket." 'prepared by Woman's Work committee. 7 Song, selected by Lady Assistant Stew- ard. THE BROADXUNSELFISH CHARAC- TER OF THE GRANGE. The Grange is probably 'the most un- selfish of the many fraternal orders. It , strives to secure for its membership all .~ that the other orders do for their mem- bers, and then in addition, it tries to im- prove the general welfare of all engaged in agriculture. Most of the fraternal so- cieties concern themselves with the work of obtaining special advantages for their own members and stop with such efforts. 4' But it is not so with the Grange. It does all that it can for those who prove their 5» loyalty by the payment of annual dues and in addition it labors unceasingly to bring about conditions that will better the lot of all engaged in the agricultural profession. The ordinary lodge has nothing for the individual who is outside the chosen ' band, but the Grange tries to help the farmer who scoffs at its principles the same as the farmer who swears allegi- ance at the altar. The Grange is for all farmers, first, last, and all the time, and _ this despite the fact that all farmers are 1 not always giving their support to the ' Grange. But few orders are estabalishéd upon as broad and generous lines. Again the Grange is unselfish because it provides within its organization for the entire family. There is a pie. . for the husband, the wife and the children. Few of the secret orders admit women to the inner circle, into a share in the myS- teries of the institutions. In the Grange, however, woman is the full equal of man. He has no right or privilege that is not enjoyed by her. It is largely because of this fact that the Grange is so strongly in favor of the extension of the voting franchise to women. It has been found by actual experience, extending over forty odd years, that no harm, but rather much good, comes from allowing women to have the same advantages as men. The Grange takes children into full membership at the age of fourteen. Be- fore the children reach fourteen they are provided for by the juvenile Grange which is modeled after the senior organization and has its own officers and own secrets. For some years there was an active juvenile Grange in connection with Elk Lake Grange. Grand Traverse Grange takes care of the children by means of an informal Grange which is in charge of one of its ablest sisters. The activities of the Grange are many. It has broad aims and is interesting in its efforts. Few orders carry on as many different lines of work. The institution has no less than five distinct functions. or different kinds of work to which it gives its energies. These functions are, (1) fraternal, (2) financial, (3) social, (4) legislative, (5) educational. Along each of the five lines success has been achiev- ed, and in several instances the success has been exceptional. Gd. Traverse Co. R. H. ELSWoan. VISITING UPPER PENINSULA GRANGES. . West Lakefleld Grange meets in the «, . two-story town hall; its membership is I made up mostly of members of the Bry- erse family—parents. sons, daughters and their families. The farming land in this vicinity is. some of the best in all that region. Bro. and Sister Hollbrook made . my stay here one long to be remembered. The auto sent by. Gennfask Grange took me over to the hospitable home of re. and Sister Knaggs. “Kl.” as he is f miliarly called. has the pleasant smile . t at makes the stranger feel at home at once. Our meeting was in a, hall in the village and a good interest was mani- fested. From here we went with Bro. Stauffer to visit Portage Grange at Our- Norman tis. This is a. small band of patrons but theyare “filled with the spirit." Our stay was with Bro. Charlie McPherson. The meeting was not well attended on account of it being held the night fol- lowing the Fourth. The ride from Germ- fask to Curtis leads one through some ex- cellent farming country and also through a few miles of virgin forest. We left the .auto and walked about a half mile to a resort on the shores of Whitefish lake. This is another beauty spot and largely visited by southern resorters. On Sunday morning Manistique lake was so rough that we could not cross by boat and were obliged to drive over a. winter road around the eastern shore up to Helmer. This drive was truly weird, through swamps, over logs and through brush where the trail was barely visible. I was obliged to walk nearly three miles as the trail became impassable for a rig. On this loneSome walk I was cheered by the sight of the first deer, two of them crossing the road in front of me. Bro. Geo. Shady, of Columbus Grange, at Mc- Millan, met me here and I reached his home toward evening thoroughly tired. Our meeting was held in the hall at Mo- Millan. We elected officers and installed them and started a membership contest. From here I went by way of notorious Front lake, where I was held up for about six hours, to White Dale on the 800 line. At White Dale I was met by Master Reid, of Horton Grange, and delivered at the hotel in the little burg. The Grange hall, a neat, new building stands just a few steps from the shore of Gulliver lake. This meeting was very inspiring and Well attended. Bro. Reid took me sightseeing the next morning and about noon'we ar- rived at‘ the home of Bro. Carlson, lec- turer of Doyle Grange. Bro. Carlson and his daughter, Frieda, know how to make the strange deputy feel at home. Hull Grange is located in a SwedISh settlement, its membership being made up almost entirely of people of that na— tionality, but their love for and loyalty to the order is truly American. The meet- ing was held in their new hall, the pos- session of which completes an enviable record for a Grange only three years old. Master Davidson was quarantined in his home on account of measles and I am very sorry that I was prevented from meeting him. My next meeting will be with Buell Grange. F. KIEFER. NEARLY 100 NEW GRANGES. National Secretary Freeman reports the number of Granges organized and reor-, ganized from April 1, to June 30, 1913, both inclusive, as follows: Organized. California ....... Nebraska ........ 11 Connecticut . 2 New Jersey 2 Indiana .......... 2 New York ....... 5 [owa ........... . 3 Ohio ............. 6 Kansas .......... 9 OregOn .......... 1 Maine ........... 1 Pennsylvania ..12 Maryland .. 2 South Dakota . 2 Massachusetts 8 Washington ..... 6 Michigan ........ 2 West Virginia . 1 Minnesota ....... 4 “'isconsin ....... 7 Missouri ......... 2 Wyoming ........ 4 Montana ........ 2 — Total .......... 97 Re-organizcd. California ....... 1 \Vashington 4 Pennsylvania 1 —— Total .. ........ 6 A Marvelous Success.—-Chippewa county patrons held a rally at the Dunbar agri- cultural school near Sault Ste. Marie, on June 20. This school is admirably situa— ted about 20 miles out from the distin- guished city, but launches, autos and carriages bore to the school a great throng of people totaling a thousand or more. The school had just closed its year’s work and is now planning to erect dormitories and other buildings to sup- ply the needs of the institution. A pic- nic dinner was enjoyed in the woods and then a program of much merit was pre- sented. Brief addresses of welcome and responses were made. followed by im- promptu talks by several gentlemen and members of the faculty, after which Mrs. Olivia J. C. Woodman, of Paw Paw, gave an extended address on “The‘ Problems of Today and the Help the Grange can Give,” At five o’clock the people took their way back to their homes through a delightful wooded road Or by the river in boats. This was a great meeting and showed how earnest and enthusiastic are the patrons of Chippewa. Grange: of Seven Counties are expect— ed to affiliate in the holding of Kent Po— mona’s annual picnic at Grand Rapids on Aug. 13, resolutions asking for a union meeting of the Granges of Kent, Neway- go, Montcalm, Ionia, Allegan, Ottawa and Barry counties on that occasion having been passed at a recent meeting of the Pomona. COMING EVENTS. Picnics and Rallies. Montcalm—Gratiot farmers’ rally and picnic, at Sumner, Wednesday, July 23. State Master Ketcham, speaker. Kent county annual picnic at John Ball park. Grand Rapids. Wednesday, Aug. 13. WANTED. At once. a few men who are hustlers, for soliciting. No experience necessary. Good salary guaranteed and expenses paid. The work is dignified, healthful and instructive.” In writing gIVe references and also state whether you have a. horse and buggy of your own. Address Box I. F.. care Michigan Farmer, Detroit, Mich. @WllflllllfllllllfllllllfllIllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllllllllllllflflllllllfllllllfllillfiilf Farmers’ Clubs Elli!"ll|IllIllIlllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllIIlllllIlIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllgll OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIA- TION OF FARMERS' CLUBS. |IllIlllllllllllllllllllllll President—Jae. N. McBride, Burton. Vice-President—C. B. Scully, Almont. Secretary-Treasurer—Mrs. C. P. John- son, Metamora. Corresponding Secretary-Mrs. Wm. T. McConnell, Owosso. Directors—C. P. Johnson, H. W. Chamberlain, White Lake; Metamora; Wm. T. Hill, Carson City; Jerry Spaulding, Belding; R. J. Robb, Mason; J. F. Rei- man, Flint. Address all communications relative to the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C. P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich. Associations! Motto: The skillful hand, with cultured mind, is the farmer’s most valuable asset. Associational Sentiment: 'I‘he farmer, he garners from the soil the primal wealth of nations. LAND TITLE REGISTRATION IN OHIO. (Continued from last week). Now, under the system of registration of titles provided for in this new law, an owner may once for all have his title judicially examined and determined, and, if it is found to be good, a certificate of title is issued to him by the state, certi- fying that he is the owner of the land in fee simple and that there are no liens or incumbrances upon the same except such as may be noted upon the certificate. This certificate is made absolutely incon- testable and no one can thereafter ac- quire any interest in the land except in the manner provided in the act. After the title is once registered there is no further need of abstracts of title, comm- nations of abstracts or opinions of attor- neys. The Certificate itself is the abso- lute arid'conclusive evidence of the title. W tion is voluntary on. the part 02%ng lfiérs of land, and is secured by flllnfian' application in the common pleas or probate court of the county in which the land is located, to which all persons having any apparent or real interest or claims in or to the land are made par- ties, as well as all adjoining owners, and notice duly served. This application referred to an official examiner of titles who thoroughly examines the title and reports to the court upon it. If there are any matters of dispute they are then and there disposed of by the court after a hearing and the court renders a decree settling and determining the title. A cer- tified copy of this decree is filed in the recorder’s office and becomes the first certificate of title. A duplicate of this certificate of title is made out and de- livered to the owner. Everything that subsequently occurs affecting in any way the title- to the land ——as mortgages, judgments, executions, mechanic’s liens. suits, etc.,,—must be filed with the recorder and entered on one page of the registered certificate in his office. Nothing becomes a lien or af- fects the title until it is so entered. Any- one desiring to know the state of the title to registered land can therefore as- certain everything in reference to it by the mere reading of the registered certi- ficate on one page of which it will be certified who is the owner of the land and upon another page of which will ap- pear a notation of every lien and incum- brance ~outstanding thereon. The owner can at any time, for a fee of 50 cents, have his duplicate certificate continued down to date so that it will show everything that appears upon the registered certificate in the office of the recorder. This duplicate certificate'when so cOntinued to date by the recorder is all that the owner will need in case he desires to sell or mortgage his land, and a prospective purchaser or lender will need to do nothing else than simply ex- amine the owner’s duplicate certificate which is laid before him in order to as- certain with definiteness and certainty every material thing relating to the title. An owner therefore who desires to sell his land will execute a deed as now. which may be on the back of his dupli- cate certificate, and deliver the deed and his duplicate certificate to the purchaser, who takes the same to the recorder’s office. has the old certificate cancelled and a new certificate issued to the purchaser for the land, with all liens and incum- brances, if ’any. noted thereon which have not been, satisfied, in the deal. The purchaser will not have to consult law- yers with regard to the title, but anyone is who can read will be able to tell, from the cantinued duplicate certificate just the kind of title the seller has and what liens and incumbrances there are on it. If an owner desires to borrow money all he need do is to have his duplicate certificate continued down to date, present it to the lender and sign up the mort- gage. The lender 'will be able to tell without leaving his seat in his office Whether the title is good and what liens and incumbrances there are, if any, up- on lt, and the loan can be closed quickly as the mortgage can be drawn and sign- ed, and all this can be dOne with abso- lute sofety and certainty. There is a provision in the bill that the owner of registered land when ap— plying to the recorder to have his dupli- cate certificate of title continued down to date, may file with the recorder an affidavit that he, in good faith, is ex— pecting to close up a sale of the land or a loan upon it, naming the proposed pur- chaser or‘ lender. and asking that regis- tration in reference to that parcel of land be stayed for the period of 24 hours. Thereupon the recorder will enter on the registered certificate such stay and also note the same on the duplicate certifi- cate. The owner and purchaser or lender can then, during the 24 hours, close up their deal without any fear of other liens or incumbrances coming in ahead of them in the meantime. This is a particularly valuable feature to those who do not de- Sire to travel to the court house every time a deal in reference to land is to be- closed. Ohio. HUMPHREY JONES. (Continued next week). CLUB DISCUSSIONS. Alfalfa for Michigan Farms—The As— syrin Farmers' Club was pleasantly en- tertained by Mr. and Mrs. Harry Mayo. Saturday, June 28. On account of the extremely busy season only about 60 were present to enjoy the dinner, social hour and program. Aside from the mus- ical numbers, both vocal and instrument- al, and rccitations, Mrs Edna Olmstead read a paper on “The Power of Exam- ple." Children are great imitators; at an early age they imitate father and mother, thinking this must be right. But when they go out in the world temptations be- set them on every side and they forget this early influcncc. In some cases the example at home is not the best; thus it is so much worse for the child. If the child goes wrong, oh, pity the child, and not the parents. President, “'ilson bars liquor from the \Vhite House, the only prcsident, with the exception of President Hayes, in the history of our country, to do so. We are glad of this example be- fore the people of the l'nited States. We were disappointed in our speaker for the afternoon, Roy \Volf, a representative of the State Anti-Saloon League. also was unable to meet with us. However the time was instructively spent in discussing the alfalfa question. A. T. Shepard op- ened the discussmn and was followed by several members and visitors. They all agreed that it would be a great help to the Michigan farmer if he could raise alfalfa. Club adjourned to meet the fourth Saturday in July with Mr. and Mrs. Daniel Stumpf.—Ruth E. Cargo, Re- porter. Favor Pure-Bred Stock—The Norvell Farmers’ Club met June 21. at the home of Mr. and Mrs. H. H. Howlund, with a fair attendance. A. R. Palmer, of Jack- son, led in prayer and the Club sang “America.” Mrs. Frank Holmes gave a recitation and this was followed by a se- lect reading by Mrs. Beckwith. The ques- tion for discussion, “Should the produc- tion of pure-bred stock be encouraged?" was opened by an excellent paper by James Pierce. His paper was a strong argument for pure-bred stock, the pro- duction of which he believes should be encouraged. The substance of this paper will be published in a future issue. The question was generally discussed. All were convinced more and better stock should be raised, and the phrase, “Bred for a purpoSe.” was prominently empha- sized. It was decided to have a Club picnic at Willow Grove. VVamplers Lake, on the next regular Club day. July 26. A Big Summer Meeting.——The June meeting of the Deerfield Farmers’ Club was held at the residence of Mr. and Mrs. Bert. Jones, on Saturday, June 28. About 100 were present. Meeting was called to order by the president, Mr. Frank EatOn. Song by the Club: Prayer by George Killen; roll call by the secre- tary. and a song by the Ball Sisters, af- ter which the Club listened to remarks from Prof. Anderson, of the M. A. 0., subject, “The future possibilities of the farmer.” Mr, AnderSOH’s talk was fine and was listened to attentively. The Club then closed with a song by the Hall Bros. —-Mrs. C. F. Leonard, Cor. Sec. I ill [l|Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllll|IlllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllE Practical Science. , fi|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llll|llllIlllI||llllIllllllllllllll|lllllI|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi TU BE RCU Lows—(Continued). RY FLOYD W. nomson Suppression of the Disease. The first step in getting rid of the dis- ease is to find out how many of the herd are affected by it. This is done by ap- plying the tuberculin test. This will show a, larger or smaller number of the herd to be affected, and the proper course to pursue will depend largely upon the proportion of the reactors in it. Suppose that only a few cattle react, 15 out of 100, or in that proportion. In this case the reactors are first carefully examined, and if any of them show symp- toms of the disease by coughing, loss of condition, or any other of the signs by which the disease is recognized without the test, such animals should be slaugh- tcred. The other reactors should then be en- tirely separated from the healthy cattle. If possible they should be out in a sepa- rate building, but if this can not be done a tight partition should be built between the diseased and the healthy cattle and separate ventilation provided. The per- son who attends to the reactors should not go near the healthy animals, as he may carry the infection to them on his hands, clothes, or boots. For the same reason the feeding and watering must be done with separate utensils. \thn at pasture the reactors must not be put into a iield where they can reach across a fence to healthy cattle. VVhen— ever a calf is born among reactors it should be immediately separated from its mother and brought up by hand or on a healthy The calf is usually born healthy. but would soon catch the disease from its mother if allowed to remain with her. The milk from reacting cows may be used if it is iirst boiled or heated to a ('tl'\\'. point sufficient to kill the germs. This heating to a point less than boiling is called pastcuiizing. and is safe, provided all the milk reaches the desired degree of licat.aiid is kept there sufficiently long. For this it is necessary to keep the milk for 20 minutes at 149 degrees 17., or for five minute: at 176 degrees F. This system of dealing with tubercu- losis in a herd was, planned by Professor Bang, of Denmark, and has been very successfully followed in that country for It has the advantage of al— lowing the reactors to be made use of while a sound herd is being built up. Some time is required for the success- ful carrying out of the Bang systenm, and the owner must be prepared to follow it steadily and faithfully for the whole time that it is needed, which may be several years. During this time the healthy herd must be tested every six months and any reactors removed to the diseased herd. At the same time a sharp lookout must be kept for animals showing deiinite symp- toms of the disease. These, should be de- stroyed promptly, as they are the most dangerous source of infection. Dealing with a Badly Infected Herd. “'herc the test shows more than half the number diseased. a somewhat differ- ent plan is required than the Bang sys— iem. This herd is so badly affected that the non-reactois can not safely be con- sidered healthy. Many of them are sure to have been infected with the disease quite recently, so that the test fails to detect it. These will react at the next test, and in the meantime may develop the disease so rapidly as to infect others. This will repeat the difficulty occurring at the first test, and it would he a long and tedious process of weedinggbeforc even a small but perfectly healthy herd could be established. For these, reasons it is better to treat such a herd as if it were entirely dis- eased and to begin with the newborn calves to build up a healthy herd. The method from this point is exactly the same as the Bang system, except that as there are no healthy cows to‘ act as foster mothers the calves must be raised on pateurized milk. At six months old the calves are tested and reactors are transferred to the other herd. This plan was deVlSE‘d by a German veterinary sur- geon named Osiertag. and is known as the Ostertag Si’stem. It is very success- ful when carefully carried out. While getting rid of the disease by WhateVer system may be adopted, an animal should never be bought for the healthy herd unless known to be healthy. The tuberculin test should be applied. and animals selected from healthy herds. $01119. E'OZII'S. up ’ "L‘I‘Ei‘klll‘ UN; 1 \ ...t . \ fill ' 9"“ :J‘v'gy; {Q a‘llulm \ . . l ”at m t" u I {lid-i". L 1 ‘|'%“:¢l v ‘ l .Jllllllllllllllllllflllllllfllllllll l kernel. ; cats. 3 Grass g Drills E in a bed bility. catalog. of even 3 ing. mmmmmmmmwunnnmmm a?» ."‘l 5 ll TE E MIC HfIEG'v‘fifiNi ; 3"“ § - . “ K. fiumumnmn shoe or hoe furrow openers. Any that wear out replaced free. hoes made of special steel for dura- .Get posted on these new and / up-to—date grain drills. All fea- f/ , . tures fully explained in our latest ./\ T 0 get the right book be sure to . . ask for Package N o. 5 VB l E John Deere Plow Co. I C i . ! ’i \‘x , IWW“IllImmmlllmmflllllllllllllllllllllllnllllll'lllllllllln ' Inn“ In'in FARMEsV-~ a: » ,, ‘—‘. \ . — . .7 . IIIII|IIIIIII mlllllflllllI1llullllmlllllllllllnlllllllllllIIlllIlllllllllllllllllllllllullll , a-.. .iiu’,.:\ «ammonium Imminmniiu‘nmimnmnnuimmmimlii , ; ,. ‘ Hi [all]! . . . nun, "am-mu: IW ' ire .lu ”E‘fi lllllflfllfllllfllfll’ VAN BRUNT FERTILIZER DRILLS ~ Our adjustable gate force feed compels even seeding of grain without crushing or damaging a Plants anything from alfalfa to bearded Seeders furnished for all sizes. furnished with single disc, double disc; Disc Bearings run Guaranteed to last life of drill. Shoes and of oil. Learn the advantages eeding and correct cover- L by\ \ Moline, Ill. .stantly adjusted as desired. These drills- have fertilizer foods that do not choke. Knockers keep them clean. This is just what you want. Amount of fertilizer in- Buy a drill that fertilizes and plants with accurate FORCE FEEDS. fifih l 1.,//|’L \ 4A . a : J, .3 .L ‘ ~ .m x. , N 1911913. i l \ i ma} .“ 'I l l alumlllllllElllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllll Jllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll Fill Your Silo $23.55??? Over 63 Years Experience . Back of it. ROSS good investment before money. The E. ——reverses by wood non-explosive. non-c 6.to 15 h. p. 20—year silage famous—cuts “he Save 3‘ o 140 styles in i com lete line of harness. ‘ 167,000 Split Hickories now in use. pro t. You take no risk We wont to prove that out much We know they are so good that we 0 not feel it a risk to make this ofier. features have been added which you should know nboui before bqu a machine. Catalog explains all. It in free. . Ross 00.. Box 114 Springfield. 0. The Silo Filler With the Direct Drive “ . Wonderful improvements of 1913 l ' Ohio” eclipse anything ever before produced. One lever controls all movements I 7'88- sure. Self-fecdcr—with famous “Bull og" grip. Patented Direct Drive—Shear cut— | page on halftnch cut—50 to 250 tons a day—— eriment Stations everywhere. Guaranteed. I any big new features this year. THE SILVER MFG. co. - - _-—..—_..__ , Halal/M Machines are fully guaranteed Easily made, easily erected. cement with an inexpensive mold right on ' your farm by any farm hand. Makes a silo u like rock. frost and fire proof. positively air- '. tight. We also sell guaranteed tile silos all '~ xeady to put together. Either silo big money . saver. Write for booklet and special oficr. ‘ CEMENT a. TILE Silo Re i. Kalamazoo, Mich. Molded from -' CD. 9;; Si] Cheaper than wood. much easier to put on, 4 times as serviceable .1. —Can't rust. rot. leak - " not burn —- $10,000 In- I demnity Bond against you give up . Many new es friction. and increases cutting power and capacity. .; Fully'guarantecd. Cata- feature and our full line. Send forit now. Address .- l r alama _o_o CENTER-SHE'AR) ENSILAGE CUTTERS ' '- Only cutters made that efiect a positive shear-cut / / entire width of bundle. from sides to center of throat. .f This keeps bundles in middle of throat,greatly decreas- git Department 85 “ff; munuoo mm s. SILO co. ' ‘1 mums. men. (5;? lightning loss— come in sheets of IOQ shin- gles or more. ‘ Dead sheathing. Get Latest Factory ’Prices On EDWARD§ STEEL SHINGLES easy” to put on—just nail them 0 We. use the famous Tightcote Process and patent Interlocking Device. Made by biggest sheet metal makers in the world. Sold direct from factory. freight prepaid. Send postal for catalog 767 and get. our surprisingly low 3 price. by return mail. Give size of roof if possible. ! The Edwards Mid. Co.. 717-787 Lock SL. Cincinnati, 0. n old too or Largest Makers of Sheet Metal Products in the World. BRANCHES: Minneapolis. Minn. No.Kansas City,Mo. No. Ft. \Vorth, Tex. friction at finger logging. Enormous ton- P r o v e 5 its superiority wherever it goes. Makes light; shapely bundles. not loose bundles, works durability. "Ohio-cut” all crops. Used by Ex- Write for free catalogue, | fast. avoids acci- also send 10c for 264—page _ dents and endures. book. "Modern Silage . Little. draft, tre- ‘ Methods." mendoua p o w e r. .-‘ tors tremble. Salem, Ohlo A - _ - WRITE FOR BOOK Get best buggyhyou ever 1' e n Book shows 40. o i . ade~to-order S ht ickory Vehicles, also full and old direct to you, no middlemen a i30 Days' Free Road Test-2 Yrs. Guarantee Auto Seat Bug 'es, Runabouts nages. Spring this big free book at once no matter where even pays the postage so all you have to Carts, Car- ickories. Get on buy. Phelps 0 is send apost Surries. Driyin agons, etc.-all genuine Split or letter tonight. Address H. C. Phelps, President. 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Do itnow. 185 Galloway Station. save $5 0,“ $300 o . 3.1.5“ , I absolutely guarantee to save you $50 to Steam $300 (fin anly'tfaiilllovéaysgilasoliifie gngine.5 hMade it; ' om "- . . o . p. y amous . . engin Power El—z\(:vsitll'out: an) equa on the market—sells for $95.50 for Same Size costs Think of it! 0ver30,000 All sold on some. “Ml, free or I make youuund all giving satisfaction. 1311': that Direc . a/ l,‘ _‘ f —‘ ' '. t Pices Waterloo. low. ‘ mer at Small Cost. Plan. It Will bring you ‘00 pictures of it in artual use, Do it Now. Running'Water in House and Barn at even temperature Winter or Sum- nil Send Postal for New Water Supply “[10: "— Acrmotor Co., H44 5. Campbell Av” Chicago Acrmotor co., 2d and Madison Siren". Oakland. Papec Ensilage Cutters Cut silage perfectly, and at a very low cost of operation, Papcc knives cut smoothly and swiftly, They make a fine, uniform silage that is very palatable and nutritious, The combined throwing and blowing force that lifts the silage is generated from one fifth less power than is required by any other blower doing the same work. Mechanical perfection and high quality of material mean long life. no loss ofpower and low cost of operation. Our new illustrated catalog gives facts showing how “ The Wonderful Papec " will save time and money at cutting time. Send for copy today. PAPEC MACHINE CO. Box. 50 SHORTSVILLE, N.Y. 20 Distributing Point: in the U. 8. _ . un on gasoline, kerosene, distillate, .‘ any cheap fuel oil. Cost less to run— '- develop more power. Patent throttle ., gives flu-u angina: In on. Many other fr exclusive ledtures—gunranteed 10 f years—we pay freight—30 days' free I _’- trial. Send (or catalogue lodoy. a Ems Eula. co. iilllllol 8L. loin", Ila. 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