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{The CHIS/"Weekly Agricultural,Horticultural, and Live Steek Journal .in the State.





 





VOL. CXLI. No. 11. l

Whole Number 3660.





DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, SEPT. 13, 1913.





50 CENTS A YEAR.

:52 FOR 5 YEARS.





The Labor Problem on. the Dairy Farm





IMPLIFYING the farm labor is one



of the most vital problems confront-



ing the dairyman today. No doubt



the attitude of farm labOr toward the



dairy cow has been a big factor in bold-



ing back the development of the dairy



business on many farms. The reason for



this is not so hard to find as many dairy-

men and farmers have contended.



The test that brings all labor together



on the same level f0r comparison is the



amount of money it will pay for a certain





number of hours’ work. The average

dairyman begins work at four or five

o’clock in the morning and finishes at





seven or eight o’clock in the evening. Is

it any wonder that the farm hand shies

at dairy cows, alarm clocks and lanterns?



Much has been'written on the problem

of securing good dairy help, therefore, it

will be my purpose to mention a few

things regarding shortening the days and

making more efficient use of‘ the help

when once secured. In the present day

of business activity when the term effi-

cient management is being applied to all

of our large industries, it would seem that

the application of this same efficiency to

the dairy farm might well be Considered.



Coupled with the right use of labor on

the dairy farm is that of having a con-

venient arrangement of buildings and

fields and easy access to implements, tools

and horses with which to work. How

easy it is for a farmer to spend 15 or 20

minutes a day traveling betWeen the dairy

barn, horse barn, milk room and tool





house where nine-tenths of this time

could be saved had a little forthought

been given when building the various

houses and barns so as to place them near

together. The same thing holds good in

all parts of the farm. Some farms pre-

sent greater difiicultics than others, ow-

ing to the size of the fields and the gen-

eral topography of the land. Another in-

stance is where cattle are driven from the

pasture nights and mornings. It may

take someone only five minutes to do this

each time. but this 20 minutes a day, and

for six months or more in the year counts

up into a very large item, and if this

time were put on some productive enter-

prise it would Show a different result on

the farm books at the end of the year.

So often little thought is given to this

efficient use of time that the day’s work

could be materially shortened and not in-

terfere with the management of the stock

and crops.



One of the characteristics of the Well-

managed dairy farm is the growing of

crops that will distribute the labor evenly

throughout the season. This applies not

only to man labor but to horse labor as

well. Of course we must take into ac-

count the weather conditions as a few

days of rainy weather will often double

the work that should he done in the next

few days. Such conditions have to be

met in the best possible way.



(my prominent dairyman says that al-

though he had made plans to raise noth-

ing but corn silage and alfalfa, with a





few acres of small grain, he did not see

how it was going to work out, for the

reason that the two crops would not fit

together on the labor schedule. If he em-

ployed enough help and teams to care

for a sufficient acreage of these two crops

at that period of the year he could not

furnish work for all of them the rest of

the year. The amount that one can grow

of each of tin-so crops is a little more

than one~half as great as if the labor on

them canic at different period-9, or even

if the labor on the. first cutting could

come at a different time. Sometimes this

difficulty can be overcome by growing a

cash crop in the rotation or growing a

larger acreagc of winter grain. The same

holt‘: true, in regard to regulating the

number of cows giving milk at the busy

season of the year.



Convenient systems of watering the

cows and washing the. dairy utensils

greatly facilitates the work of handling

the herd and kccping things clean and

sanitary. if we stop and figure the hours

spent in watcring cows on the average

dairy farm we find a woeful waste of

time. Such things can be remedied and

must be if dairymcn make the- most effi-

cient" use of hired labor. XVater in the

dairy barn and milk mom is just as nec-

essary as it is in the factory, and what

factory could show a profit if all the wat-

er used by their boilers had to be hauled

from some distant spring.



In the mixing of grain feeds a lot of

time can be saved by balancing up the





feeds in large bins and mixing them thor-





oughly so that they will be ready when

needed. By buying and mixing several





tons at a time the work of hauling and

mixing can be done at times when the

men and teams are not needed in the

field and a number of minutes' time each

day will be, saved. All of these things

count mightily in cutting down the length

of the day and they do not decrease the

amount of work accomplished during a.

year.



The hauling of manure direct from the

stables to the, field saves a lot of time

during the rush of spring work and makes





the work far more pleasant than when

the cows are allowed to run in a filthy

yard and wade in manure up to their





knees when turned out in the yards.



“'eighing and testing each cow’s milk'

and keeping~ a record of‘ the food she

consumes can be greatly simplified by

setting aside one day each month and

having the Scales and milk sheets ready

so that the Work can be done quickly and

accurately. Some dairymen object to this

work because, it takes too much of their

valuable time. but if these men would

make a critical examination of their own

management they would find where they

were losing enough time each day to

make up a complete milk record.



On many dairy farms the milking ma-

chine simplif'ics the labor. For the two-

man dairy it scarcely reduces the amount

of labor required in milking if we take



(Continued on page 218).





 





 





 





Good





 





 





and Profit Derived frOm the Dalrv Farm.
214—2





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





' SEPT. 13, 1913.





 





Inproving Corn by Plant Selection.





MONG the farmers of Michigan.

A there are three ways of securing

corn for seed, which are: Selection

from the corn in the crib previous

to planting time, selection of cars at

husking time and selection of seed corn

when the plant is yet standing. All of

these methods have points in their favor

and we wish to carefully consider each

of them and then follow the one which

seems to us to be the best suited to our

conditions. . .

Crib selection Lessens they Yield.

Experiments have been tried and it has

usually proven out that of all the meth-

ods of selecting seed corn, that of pick-

ing from the crib is the least desirable.

There are good reasons fOr thinking this

to be the case. When we select the ears

from the corn that is in the crib. we us-

ually select the largest ears and when it

comes right down to it, probably the ear

that we select as our ideal of a seed ear

is one that has grown alone on a stalk

of corn which has been the only one in

the hill. In other words, this ear of corn

has had a great deal more food than the

others and is therefore larger.

Moreover, the corn which is selected in

the spring has usually been weakened by

the frost for experiments lead us to be-





lieve that after corn has been frozen its

vitality has been weakened. So we find

that seed corn selected in the spring





from the corn crib is not the most desir-

able for planting a field from which we

expect to harvest a maximum crop of

either corn or silage.





Selection at Husking Time Considered.



A great many progreSSive farmers still

select their corn for seed the' following

year from the corn as it is being husked

in the fall. The good ears of the right

size and shape are thrown out to one

side and are picked up separately and

saved for seed. This is a much better

plan than crib selection but in a meas-

ure, ittis open to the same objections. Of

course. the danger of weakening the seed

by freezing is eliminated for the seed

corn will not be subjected to freezing

weather, especially when it contains much

moisture. But on the other hand. the

person who does the selecting from the

plant, takes no notice of the plant on

which the ear grew but considers only

the individual car. He does not notice

at about what height the ear was pro-

duced or whether it was pendant or not;

neither does he look to see if it is the

only one which grew on the stalk and if

he were so inclined he could not tell if

the plant was the only one which grew

in the hill. Yet, if the matter were look-

ed after carefully, the husker is able to

tell all of the above items accepting the

last one, from the plant when he is husk—

ing the corn. -



We feel that this point of telling wheth—

er an individual plant had an advantage

over the others or not is so important

that we can not afford to ignore it. We

do not want to plant as seed, an ear

which is large because it has been in

very favorable conditions. \Ve feel sure

that a surer way of getting an increased

yield is to plant seed from an ear which

has grown large under unfavorable circum-

stances, showing that it has the power

of making better use of its food than its

fellows. The case is nearly identical with

that of cattle. Two cows may stand side

by side, get the same care and feed, but

Still one cow will produce a great many

more pounds of butter-fat and milk in a

year than the one which stands beside

her. So with the two corn plants, both

may have identical conditions of food and

moisture, still one is able to mature two

good sized ears of corn while the other

one is able to mature only one. I’ntil re-

cently we have not been accustomed to

thinking of plants in this way but the

time is fast approaching when we must

pay as much attention to the selection

of our seeds as to the breeding of our

cows and other farm stock. The stock

must have food and before they can have

that, we must raise the crops.





Individual Plant Selection is Best.



Of the methods for seed selection in

vogue at the, present time, the method of

selection from the individual plant seems

to have the most points in its favor.

With this plan, we are able to select

those cars which have not had undue ad-

vantage and are of good size and pro-

portions. 'We are also enabled to select

an car which is pendant and properly sit-

uated on the stalk.



In judging 0f the Size of an ear of corn

for seed. we look for one of the proper

size which will mature all its kernels in

our growing season. If .we see an ear





which is bare at the tip, it is a sure in-

dication that that particular plant was

too late for our conditions and that it

could not mature all its kernels. On the

other hand, we do not wish to Select an

ear which does not use up all of Our

growing season in making its growth. If

a plant matures its seed before the 15th

of September. it is too early for our con-

ditions, while if it has not yet ripened at

that date, it is too late for our weather

conditions as our fall frosts usually come

at abOut that time. Sélect a cylindrical

ear rather than a tapering one, if it is

possible to tell. If it is not possible to

tell from the exterior, do not tear down

the husks to find out.



The next point to be considered in in-

dividual plant selection is the height at

which the ear is produced. If the ear is

too high up on the stalk,, the summer

storms and winds are more liable to cause

the corn plant to lodge. Further than

this, the plant with an ear produced high

up is usually a late maturer. High ears

seem to indicate late maturity. “'e are

just as particular not to select an car

which has been produced too near the

ground for such ears are liable to be

broken off by the corn harvester and

thus wasted. An ear produced. say about

two or three feet from the. ground, will

prove desirable.



The last point which is to be consid-

ered in individual plant corn selection is

the attitude of the ear. Some argue that

the ear 'which stands straight up is best

while others argue that the pendant ear

is the most desirable. There is one thing

sure. the car which stands straight up

surely has a cob which is excessively

large, in fact, so large that the weight of

the grain is not sufficient to cause it to

droop. Most authorities favor the droop-

ing ear because it shows a small cob and

a weight of grain which makes the ear

pendant at ripening time. Moreover, the

pendant ear by its attitude shuts out the

nater of the fall rains thus precluding





the possibility of the molding of the

grain.

Now is the time to go out into the





corn field and select those plants which

come up to the requirements. Tié a red

string on those plants which have ears

of good size and proper proportions; prop-

erly situated on the stalk, not too high

and not too low; and with the ear pen-

dant. These plants should be allowed to

ripen in the field. Cut around them with

the corn binder or leave them standing

when cutting by hand. ,



Ingham Co. I. J. MATHEWS.





FARM NOTES.





 





Late Cutting of Alfalfa.



I have a N0. 1 field of alfalfa. It is

one foot in height. I wish to know if I

can cut the alfalfa at this time of the

season without any damage to the same:





that is. will it get suflicient growth for

the winter?

Bay Co. A, S.





Just .how late it is safe to cut alfalfa

is a. question upon which we must exer-

cise our own best judgment. The best

authorities claim that it should not be

cut so late that it will not get at least a

foot of growth before winter. Some ex-

pert growers maintain that in a season

which starts rather late, as the present

growing season did. it9 is better not to cut

the third crop, even though it reaches a

suitable stage before frost comes. VVide-

1y different conditions, both as to weath-

er and the growth of the plant will be

noted in different seasons. This year the

second growth of alfalfa was slow in

starting, at least in the writer’s locality,

and where the second cutting was taken

off at or near the middle of August it

does not promise to make a growth suffi-

cient to make it safe to harVest another

crop.



Some growers delayed the second cut-

ting until Well along in August and with-

out any question this alfalfa should not

be out again this year. In other locali-

ties where weather conditions were some-

what different the problem will be a dif-

ferent one. Alfalfa that is now a foot

high if at a suitable stage for cutting

might make sufficient growth to give

the stand a good protection during the

winter. But it should not be cut until

the new shoots start at the crown, oth-

erwise it will be weakened and would be-

come a more easy prey to unfavorable

winter weather conditions. It would be

the writer’s opinion that if this alfalfa

reaches that condition by the middle of

September it would be as well to harvest

it. Otherwise it would be better to leave

iton the ground as a winter protection.



There seems to be no‘gener'al rule to





follow with the alfalfa crop at any stage

of the game. The matter of winter pro-

tection is apparently no exception. Last

year the writer cut an old stand of al-

falfa the first of October with the result

that it Winter-killed badly, as did other

pieces in the same county which were

cut at about the same time. In another

locality, however, a field cut equally late

lived through the winter perfectly and

made a fine early growth this spring. As

a. general proposition, however, it is

doubtless better not to cut the alfalfa too

late in the fall, since it is the consensus

of opinion that a liberal growth left‘on

the ground over winter protects the plants

from freezing out to some extent. It is

a fact equally generally conceded, how-

ever, that when alfalfa reaches a stage

when it should be cut, or when the new

shoots have started at the crowns, that

it seems to imprOVe rather than harm the

plant to cut it, and it is here that a nice

degree of judgment is required to choose

the better of the two courses in a. situa-

tion like that deSCribed by this inquirer.

NEBRASKA AND KANSAS CROP CON-

DITiONs.



The states of Nebraska and Kansas.

and to a considerable degree. parts of

Missouri, Oklahoma, and western Iowa,

have been suffering this year from an ex-

ceedingly severe drought, accompanied by

abnormally high temperatures. The rain-

fall for the growing season of the corn

crop has been from four to eight inches

below the normal rainfall for the period.

In fact, there are many parts of the dis-

trict in which there has been no soaking

rain since the first half of June, although

in May and early June the rainfall was

in some places. above the normal. Com-

bined with this lack of rain there has

been a terrific heat and an excessive dry-

neSs of atmosphere which between them

have dried out the moisture from the soil

and from the crops to a very high de-

gree. At Lincoln, Neb.. for example. there

were nine days in July-in which the tem-

perature at the weather bureau reached

100 degrees or more, while so far in Auga

ust (until the 27th inclusive) there have

been 14 days when the temperature

reached this height. Temperatures of 105

and 106 were reached several times and

109 was reached one day. These are all

shade temperatures and do not. of course.

represent the heat at the surface of the

ground in bright sunlight nor in the corn

fields when the sun was shining. The hot

weather has, of course, brought on the

usual crop of stories of more or less au-

thenticity (all requiring, however, a grain

or two of salt) with reference to cooking

eggs in the sunshine, hatching of chickens

in storage rooms, etc. The fact remains,

however, that over most of the southern

half.of Nebraska the corn crop will

scarcely reach one—third of the normal.

many fields being a total loss, while the

Kansas corn crop will probably be even

less than that of Nebraska. The portion

of Nebraska lying north of the Platte riv-

er suffered comparatively little from the

drought, the rainfall having been nearly

normal over much of this region. Along

the Missouri river south of the Platte and

in scattered localities elsewhere the corn

was only partly injured. In the main

drought-struck localities in some places

the corn is so badly burned that great

doubt is expressed as to its value even

when cut .up and put into the silo. How-

ever, a large part of the crop can prob-

ably be used for this purpose and the

more progressive farmers are cutting their

corn now and filling their silos.



Another feature that is causing consid-

erable worry is a shortage of pasture

from now on throughout the fall. Ai-

ready many farmers are having to feed

their stock and for this reason. in view

of the high price of hay (on account of

the shortage of that crop), many cattle

and hogs are being rushed to market in

condition rather unfavorable to bring good

priceS. It is to be remembered that the

farmers forced to do this are receiving

rather low prices for theirstock in view

of the glut in the market. These low

prices, however, do not seem to be .re-

fiected at all in the price of beef and pork

as paid by the ultimate consumers. Prob-

ably the largest portlon of this meat will

be stored by the packers and not put on

the market at present so that the ones

who will profit by the present conditions

are not the farmers, who produced the

animals, nor the consumers who ought, if

any one, to profit by the glutted market

but the packers. as is usually the case.





 





Another reason for sending stock to mar-

ket at this time is that in many parts of

Kansas. especially, the ponds and streams

have dried up and in some places the

wells also, so that it is impossible to wat-





er the stock. Local rains have alleviated

this condition somewhat here and there,

in Kansas, but as yet there have been

lacking the heavy, long continued soaking

rains which alone can bring the water

supply back to the normal.



In spite of all of these unfavorable cir-

cumstances the condition of the farmers

of these states is not at all the desperate

one that they experienced at the time of

the drought of 1894. In that year the

growmg of alfalfa had not become so

widespreadas now so that shortage of

feed was far worse. Then, furthermore,

wheat and oats, especially the former,

were not grown very extensively and the

crop of .these, too, were poor. The farm-

ers of southern Nebraska and Kansas

were then practically one crop farmers.

that crop being corn. When this crop

failed there was nothing to fall back on.

That thing has changed, however, in the

past 10 or 15 years. Nebraska had this

year, 'in spite of the drought, the largest

wheat crop on record and the oat crop is

close to the record as well. The early hay

was an immense crop‘ so that there will

probably 'be very little actual suffering

among the farmers, and there will be no

necessity for the organization of relief

stations and the-taking up of subscrip-

tions to prevent starvation as was done

very extensively 19 years ago. Indeed, in

spite of the loss of the corn crop and fall

hay, the farmers of Nebraska and Kansas

may be still looked upon as extremely

proSperous. It may be that there will be

less automobiles sold this year in these

two states than last year. and, of course,

that will affect Michigan, but inasmuch

as NebraSka has the highest number of

automobiles per capita of any state in

the Union or of any country in the world

with Kansas as a close riVal for this hon-

or. it is possible that these states can

afford to go a little slow in this matter

for a year. .



The effect on the Michigan farmers will

probably be felt in two ways. In the first

place, the price of corn will probably be

much higher than last year, for this

drought affected corn not only in the

states mentioned but also as far east as‘

the state of Indiana. Next spring there

will be a shortage of good reliable seed

corn, since in many cases the corn is so

dried out that its germinating property

will be greatly impaired. On the other

hand. there will not be much danger of

loss of viability owing to lack of maturity

at time of harvest, for the hot weather is

maturing the corn early. The second point

will be the increased prices for hay. Of

course. hay is a commodity that cannot

be shipped in bulk very far but for these

farmers that use compressors and market

their hay in Chicago there ought to be

quite 1 marked increase in the price of

hay within the next few months. There

wiEl probably be an increased price also

in the cost of alfalfa seed, for the bulk

of the Michigan planted alfalfa seed is

from Kansas and Nebraska. Alfalfa plant-

ers this summer and fail and next spring

should pay particular attention to the

quality of the seed as there is likely to be

a considerable quantity of shrunken seed

placed on the market, the seeds not hav-

ing filled out properly in some cases ow-

ing to the hot weather and lack of mois-

ture. It would be highly desirable indeed

that the farmers make home germination

tests of all alfalfa offered them.



Of the lessons to be learned from the

drought the most striking is (probably)

the advantage of diversification, i. e., not

placing the whole dependence upon one

crop, for it was this that has saved the

farmers of Nebraska and Kansas from

prospects of starvation for the next 10 or

12 months. Another point is the great

value of alfalfa under such conditions. Of

course, in dry weather the alfalfa did not

make such large crops of hay as usual

but it is probably the only crop that did

produce hay except in very favorably

situated low lands. Furthermore. it was

not killed out, while in many cases other

crops were destroyed. This year also, as

in previous drought years. the farmers

who cultivated just as late as they could,

even at the cost of injuring part of their

corn plants, have demonstrated that the

keeping of the soil covered with dust

mulch is the surest way of retaining the

moisture that is in the soil. However,

on some of the very hottest and driest

days it has been shown that even when

the soil is sufficiently supplied with mois-

ture the evaporation of water from the

leaves of the corn plant is sometimes so

great that the plant is unable itself to

draw the water up from the ground as

fast as it is given off. Fortunately, how-

ever, such days are comparativelyxfew so

that the greatest loss is simply from the

lack of moisture in the soil.



Mich. Ag. Col. Enum- A. Bussmr.
SEPT. 13, 1913.





EXPERIMENTS ON KENT COUNTY

FARMS.





 





The North Grand Rapids Experiment

ASsociation, which includes in its mem—

bership 30 of the leading farmers in ter—

ritory north and east of Grand Rapids,

are working along lines of improved ag-

riculture. The August meeting was held

at the home of B. A. Bobinnette, in the

Peach Grove district, with Prof. Shoe-

smith, of the M. A. C., and J. H. Skin-

ner, feddral farm manager for Kent

county, in attendance. Lunch was serv—

ed at noon and then followed an auto-

mobile tour, with visits at farms of eight

of the members. Another meeting was

held August 26 at Vinecroft, the home

of IV. K. and J. Pomeroy Munson, when

further details were made regarding an

exhibit at the West Michigan State Fair.

The Munsons have a field of corn that is

striking testimony to the value of test-

ed seed. The land is the same, the cul-

ture the same, and the plot of tested

and selected corn stands above the oth-

er, without a hill missing, while results

from the crib corn, even though the seed

looked full as good as the other, were

ragged, with whole hills missing and

growth unhealthy.



Interesting experiments are being con-

dcted by the members with varieties of

corn, potatoes, wheat and other crops.

and in the use of fertilizers. Results

from commercial fertilizers have not been

so good this season on account of the

dry weather. The association plans on

making an educational exhibit at the

Grand Rapids fair, next to the agricul-

tural college show, the result of each ex-

periment to be told by placards.



Kent Co. A. GRIFFEN.





LILLIE FARMSTEAD NOTES.





Fall Plowing for Wheat.



Some experiments have been made late-

ly by the Kansas Experiment Station to

determine the proper time to plow for

fall wheat. These experiments/go to show

that early plowing is much better than

late plowing. For instance. ground that

was plowed the 15th of July yielded twice

as much wheat per acre as ground that

was not plowed until the 15th of Sep-





tember. Other plots were plowed at dif-

ferent times after the 15th of July and

in every instance the early plowed plots

produced the best yield of wheat. Pro-

gressive farmers all over the country

realize, and have, that early plowing is

better for wheat. For instance. where





oat stubble is to be plowed for wheat it

ought to be plowed as soon after the

oat crop is harvested as possible. This

gives one time to work the ground and

get the ground settled or the surface

thoroughly settled, forming capillary con-

nection with the sub—soil, and a good

seed bed prepared for the wheat plant.





" Ground that is plowed and barrowed

over once or twice and immediately sown

is not characteriStic of a good seed bed,

and unless conditions are very favorable

for this sort of work the yield will be

light. \Ve would all expect light yields

of wheat if we plowed the ground over

and sowed at once. Nevertheless there

are condiitons which change this some-

what, and that is the trouble with farm-

ing. Last year I had a field plowed in

June. I intended at first to put it into

beans, but it got so late that I wouldn't

risk the beans, so we finished plowing

it, worked it a little through the sum-

mer when we had time and then sowed

to wheat laSt fall. Now actually, the

wheat on that field wasn’t as geod as it

was on fields that were plowed the first

of September, and this was contrary to

the teaching of the experiments of the

Kansas Experiment Station. \Ve had 10-

cal conditions in Michigan last year,

which would overcome almost entirely the

early plowing, and that was excessive

amounts of rain. I think there is more

in getting the seed bed compact than

there is in the. bare idea of early plow-

ing. If you plow the ground late but

have the tools to thoroughly pack the

ground down it doesn’t make as much

difference. It is the loose, deep seed bed

where you get no results. A compact

sub—soil with fine soil on top, making a

perfect seed bed, is what counts, and it

doesn’t matter so much when it is plow-

ed if y0u can only get theSe conditions.

That’s my observation.



Then again, diSking Stubble before it

is plowed is a benefit. Why? Because it

makes it possible to get this perfect seed

bed in less time and with less labor

than as though it is not disked. When

you disk the ground thoroughly before

plowing, disk it both ways, and cut it all

to pieces, you have fine dirt thrown into





THE MICHI





the bottom of the furr0w. 0n the other

hand, if you don’t disk it you have a lot

of stubble and‘ coarse clods turned into

the bottom of the furrow. Now it takes

time. You can’t fit that ground with

tools and make a good seed bed and have

capillary connection with the subsoil.

There is nothing, only just time, the ac-

tual settling of the earth, and it takes

rain to settle that ground down and make

a“ good firm seed bed. On the other hand,

if the ground is disked you will have :1

lot of loose dirt and you plow this to the

bottom, the soil plows up like a garden,

it doesn't take so much work, the crev-

ices are all filled, and you can form the

connection with the subsoil very much

more easily. Then a good amount of

rolling and harrowing will make a fairly

good seed bed. But my idea is that one

should never sow wheat on freshly plowed

ground without very thorough tilling.

Take the time to barrow it and roll it

and disk the ground, and get it thor-

oughly settled down, compact, and just

a few inches of fine mellow dirt on top.

Then it won’t make so much difference

if you did not plow it early, if you will

only get this condition of a good seed bed.





Harvesting White Beans.





This is the first year in a number of

years that we have had any white field

beans. A number of years ago I got it

into my head that I would raise beans in

a rotation. I believed them to be a good

crop. But I struck a bad year. It was

a cold, wet spring. IVe got them in late.

“'8 couldn’t half till them becauSe the

ground was too wet. Then we had bad

weather in harvest, and half of them

Were cull beans. A few years after that

I tried it again and I struck just such a

year again. Our soil is, not uniform and

the beans don’t ripen evenly. -\\'e have

different kinds of soil in the. same field.

On the clay, which holds the moisture

better the beans continue green, while on

the sand they get ripe. That year was

a bad year for beans. They got wet and

we had lots of cull beans, and I sold the

bean puller which I had bought and made

up my mind that I would not try to grow

any more beans. But I got the fever

again this year. I put in 12 or 13 acres

of white beans. Not being used to plant-

ing the crop with our drill we didn’t get

the beans quite thick enough and conse-

ouently we were bothered a little too

much with weeds, in fact, the field is

woody. But we had a splendid year on

our land for beans and I have got them

harvested and they are hauled in under

cover without any rain on them at all,

and while I won't have a big crop I am

going to have a small per cent of cull

beans this year. I bought a bean puller

again this year to pull those beans with

and I don’t think I shall sell it. because

I am going to try beans again next year.

Ilarvcsting beans is, in one respect,

making (-lovcr hay. It is not such a ser-





ious job if you have good weather. It“

you have got bad weather you are up

against a stiff proposition. '





This year we had

could





ideal weather, there

not be any better. The ground is

dry, the beans are ripe, we haven't had

any rain after they were pulled. I had

men fork four rows together in little piles

preparing for rain. I thought then if it

rained all we would have to do would be,





to turn these pilcs over. But it didn‘t

rain and we. didn’t have to turn them.

and we hauled them. and they seem to

be in excellent condition. And the fact





is it hasn’t cost so very much to harvest

these beans. It didn’t cost any more to

plant them than it would to plant corn:

it hasn’t cost any more to cultivate them

than it would to cultivate corn, and the

harvesting was simply nothing compared

to the harvesting of corn. If 1 get as

much out of them as I would out of a

crop of corn, then this year I am ahead

on raising beans. I raised these beans on

contract for $1.75 a bushel. Some people

think beans will be higher than this and

some people think, they won’t be worth

as much. One thing sure is that I won’t

have to worry about the price, they are

sold already, and that’s a good deal with

the farmer because it makes one’s hair

turn gray more, worrying about the price

and the fluctuation of the market than

it does in growing the crop. If farmers

could only contract all their crops at a

decent price this busineSs of farming

would be simplified very much, and that’s

the way it ought to be. The farmer ought

to have something to say about the price

of his crops. One way to do this is to

grow crops under contract and when the

farmer has an opportunity to sell his

crops in this wayhe ought to be willing

'to meet the purchaser half way.

he knows just what he is doing.

COLON C. LILLIE.





like ,





Then '





GAN FARMER 3—215





 





 





 





 





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Have You Any Bush or Bog Land?





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





”on,





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Sow now for Fall and Spring Pasture and for next, season’s

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5335;?” If you have any bush or bog fields, or parts of

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if you have any other





disking that here



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VETERI A” Y REMEDY





Always [tenable-

Sun-e In Beadle.





 

   

 

 

 

   

 

 





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CAUSTIO BALSAM IS THE BEST





Your Gombault's Caustic Balsam is the best

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TORONTO, ONT. OLEVELANO, OlllO.





 

 





   





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KEEN 1mm: @217





‘VI’I’H fall so close it. would be wise to look around and see what new tools you

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Whatever you buy—hand saws. braces. bits. pianos. etc—be sure they bear

the famous Keen Kutter trade mark. That mark is your guarantee of quality,

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Keen Rutter tools and cutlery of all kinds are noted for their line edges.

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T‘HE MICHIGAN FARMER





SEPT. 13. 1913.





The SheepIndustry and the Farm.





in America, wool was the principal



commercial product of the flock and

wool growing became a highly developed

industry. This was largely the result of

natural conditions. The pioneer 'wool

grower was far removed from the centers

of population of the country and trans-

portation facilities were meagre. Wool

was a relatively valuable product and the

item of transportation, though expensive,

did not take a. large proportion of rev-

enue from the wool crop.





At that time it would have been im-

practical to develop the mutton industry

to the present proportions even'had there

been a demand for mutton which would

warrant it. But that demand did not ex-

ist. The American people were :‘slow to





IN the early days of the sheep industry





develop a taste for mutton which would-





create a large demand for that product.

On the other hand, there did exist a

great demand for wool for manufacturing

purposes, hence the marked development

of the wool producing industry was the

natural result of prevailing economic con-

ditions. The result was that the farms

of the country were covered with flocks

especially bred and fed for economic wool

production.





The Effect Changed Economic Conditions.



But with time there came a change in

economic conditions which made the wool

industry at leaSt temporarily unprofitable.

Cheap lands in our great west and large

areas of free ranges were devoted to wool

pr0duction, while similar lands in Aus-

tralia and South Africa were devoted to

the same purpose, with the result that

there was an over production of fine wools

and prices for this staple product drop-

ped accordingly. This led to the gradual

importation of English mutton breeds of

sheep which had been highly developed in

a country where mutton was more gen-

erally appreciated as a. food.





With the introduction of these English

breeds it followed as a natural result that

they were crossed to a considerable ex-

tent upon the native American merinos,

with the happy result that feeding lambs

of the very best quality were produced

and by this means a demand was gradu—

ally built up in the American centers of

population for this toothsome meat. Fol-

lowing closely upon this new development

of the mutton industry in America came

the ascendancy of statesmen who believ-

ed that the American wool producing in-

dustry no longer needed protection and

the removal of the tariff on wool finished

the economic change which had already

begun and from that time on, notwith-

standing the fact that a protective tariff

was again placed upon wool, wool grow-

ing never attained its former importance

in the sheep industry of the country and

mutton production became the greater

factor in the maintenance of sheep upon

American farms. But in this period of

transformation it naturally followed. that

many sheep breeders became discour-

aged and, believing that the- industry

woulu never again be a profitable one,

sold their flocks and Went out of the

sheep raising business.





Variable Prosperity a FactOr In Every

Business.



With the revival of the industry under

new conditions many Of them again pur-

chased smaller fiocks and engaged .in

sheep raising, but the foundation which

was the result of many generations of

careful breeding had been sacrificed and

it: required years to establish as profit-

able flocks as could have been built upon

the foundation already at hand but for

this natural tendency of mankind to

abandon a line of production which for

the time being was at low ebb in the rise)

and fall of prosperity, to which every

line 'of production seems ever to be sub-

ject as though controlled by natural laws.



Again we will see repeated the eco-

nomic conditions which closed the scene

of the decline of the wool industry in

American 3. generation ago. Since it be-

came a foregone conclusion that the tar-

iff on wool would be materially reduced,

and later as it has appeared a. certainty

that wool would be placed upon the free

list, very many sheep breeders have be-





come discouraged and sold their flocks,‘





notwithStanding the increased demand

for mutton. This tendency has been so

general that, despite the fact that there

is an actual scarcity of sheep in the

country at the present time, sheep of all

kinds have been forced upon the market

in numbers which have .kept this division

of the live stock market relatively low,

except for feeding lambs of the very best

class, and that at a time when all other





meat producing animals are bringing rec-

ord prices in all markets of the country.



The Sheep a Permanent Institution.



Just as surely as there has been a re-

turn of low ebb in the tide of prosperity

in sheep raising, just as certain will there

be a. reaction and again these same men

will be found seeking to correct their er- 5

ror by again purchasing foundation stock!

for sheep raising. No sensible man can}

for a, moment believe that an animal of'

such great economic importance as the!

sheep, which has contributed so largelyl

to the support of man from the earliest,

history‘of the human race, will suddenlyl

go into “inn0cuous desuetude.” Farmers:

may change in their attitude toward the

sheep, but the sheep will remain an eco~

nomic factor in the affairs of men. Wool

will continue to be- a necessity for the

production of clothing for mankind and

with the modern development of business

ethics and the tendency toward govern-

ment insistence upon the purity of the

products; sold under names which have

come to be synonymous with quality in

the public mind, there will undoubtedly

be enacted in the not distant future leg-

islation which will compel the marking of

goods which contain shoddy or other wool

substitutes in a manner which will plain-

ly indicate to the purchaser just what he

is buying and this undoubtedly will again

stimulate the wool producing industry to

no small degree.



Then with the advance in the cost of

production of other meats and the con-

sequent advance in price to the con-

sumer, which is bound to be continuous

no matter what tariff legislation may be

enacted. there will be an increased de-

mand for mutton and a consequent rise

in the tide of prosperity in the sheep in—

dustry. It would then be the part of

wisdom for the farmers of the country to

devote a little more time to the study of

present conditions and how to better them

in a way which will be a present benefit

to the industry, and so be in a position

to reap the larger profits which the fu—

ture certainly offers, than to abandon an

industry which still compares favorably

with others, and shift to some new line

of production only to find conditions no

better and to return to their old policy

later on with the attendant sacrifice

which always accompanies such changes.



Farmers Should Eat More Mutton.



But how, the reader may ask, can the

farmer accomplish this result? One way

in which he can accomplish it is by con-

suming more mutton upon the farm.

From time immemorial pork has been the

standard meat grown and killed for home

consumption upon the farm. Except where

it is done through co-operation with one’s

neighbors it is impractical to use a car-

cass of beef in the farm home, but it is

entirely practical to consume the meat

from a. sheep in a fresh condition during

a large portion of the year in the average

farm family.



Reference to the market pages of this

paper will show that fat .sheep are sell-

ing at about one-half the price per pound

which hogs bring in the same market;

and that they bring only about two-thirds

as much as is commanded by beef ani-

mals of inferior quality. Unfortunately

the demand for mutton in America has

been built upon the choicest cuts of lamb

and mutton has been largely neglected,

but there is no better eating than good

mutton, a fact which is attested by the

high development of mutton breeds of

sheep in England, where that meat is

better appreciated than it is in our own

country.



If every one of the more than 200,000

farm families in Michigan adopted this

plan of adding mutton to the dietary of

the family it would not only take a large

number of sheep to supply this demand,

but it would at the same time add need-

ed variety to the meat die-t of the family,

and hence would be beneficial in other

ways besides purely economic ones. But

considered from an economic standpoint

alone here is one opportunity of helping

the sheep industry at. a time when it

needs help and at the same time saving

the pocket book. a practical argument:

which should appeal to every farmer.





 





 





WANTED.





 





At: once. a few men who are hustlers.

for soliciting. No experience necessary.





Good salary guaranteed and expenses '





paid. The work is dignified, healthful and

instructive. In writing give references

and also state whether you have a, horse

and buggy of your own. Address Box J.

F.. care Michigan Farmer, Detroit. Mich.





 





« .zmpmfm‘tr. s.-‘r-“.‘.~V~"’ . . . ~ .
'5!





THE MICHIGAN-"FARME'R 5—4217





SEPT. 13., 1913.





FINISHING THE PIG CROP.



T00 many farrners make the mistake at

this season of the year of attempting to

finish pigs which have been confined in a

pen or dry lot on immature corn as the '

sole grain ration. This is not good prac-

tice as a violent change in the ration can-

not but produce digestive disturbances

that weaken the system to an extent .

which makes it peculiarly susceptible to in-

fectious diseases if same are not actually

caused by such methods of feeding.



If the pigs have been on succulent pas-

tre with only a light grain ration they

may be turned into a corn field with a

little supplementary feed with entire safe—

ty, as is practiced where corn is “h0g-

ged down.” Under all other conditions

. the change from a previous grain ration

l to new and immature corn or soft corn



should be made gradually. In fact, in

feeding any kind of live stock a, gradual

L change should always be made in the ra-.

E tion where changes are necessary, as, if

i ‘ the health of the animals is not perma-

‘~ nently affected by violent changes, as is



i sometimes the case, there will be an in-

* terference with their thrift which will

make a noticeable reduction in gains and

a consequent financial less to the feeder.



This matter of violent changes in the

ration is one which is not given sufficient

consideration with any kind of live stock

by the average farmer but it is perhaps

given less consideration with the hogs

than with any other kind of live stock,

the impression apparently being that the

hog is a natural scavenger and can live

on almost any kind of feed with equal

facility. It is just as essential, however,

to use good judgment in feeding both





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





awmn:-verl;“." , .< .,





‘ $1650

—buys extraordinary value





in IMPERIAL “34”!





'In purchasing your automobile you are out to get the best motor

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power, the best comfort and the lowest possible upkeep in the car you purchase.

IMPERIflL “34” is, therefore, the car you want, because nowhere for the

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Your Money Buys—





“..MW. . .





Seat Springs. Cushions and Upholstery—the kind that you find





4‘.‘





 





 





 





 





growing and fattening hogs as in feeding



any other kind of live stock if maximum



results are desired.



SEE THE LIVE STOCK AT THE STATE

FAIR.





 





One who visits the Detroit live stock

market forithe first time will be sur-

prised at the Door quality of cattle which

form the bulk of the receipts. Good mar-

ket types are relatively scarce and there

is a great predominance of ill-bred and

poorly finished individuals. There is un-

questionably a great chance for improVe-

ment in the quality of beef cattle mar-

keted from Michigan farms. The dairy

herds are a better type and yet there is

here a vast opportunity for improvement

which would net many dollars to their

owners. In the sheep department there

is also a big opportunity for improve-

ment, though it is not so marked as in

the case of the cattle. The average of

the hogs marketed is of far better qual-

ity, yet an improvement in breeding as

well as in methods of feeding would here

add not a little to the profit derived from

this branch of farm production.



TVhat the. average farmer needs is a

higher ideal as to the type of live stock

which should be bred and fed upOn his

farm, and there is no place where this

needed viewpoint can be secured so well

as by making a careful study of the live

stock exhibits at the State Fair. Here





the highest type and quality will be found '

exhibited in every department and a care- !





 





 





of the Michigan Farmer Anatomical

Charts. This chart illustrates the horse,

cow, sheep, hog and fowl, the perfect

animal, the bones, the muscles, the blood

system and the internal organs, also giv-

ing the name and location of each bone,

muscle, and vital organ. Dr.. Fair, our

veterinarian, recommends the use of this

chart and believes it will help you great-

ly to make your questions better under-

stood and alSO enable you to better un—

derstand the answers.



This chart is only one of the features

of our six-page collection of charts which

also contain maps of Michigan, the Uni-

ted States and the world, and many other

valuable features. The entire collection

will be sent postpaid, for only 300. The

Michigan Farmer, Detroit, Mich.-—Adv.





A simple. accessible motor of 4% inch bore and 5% inch stroke—

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A U m‘t Power Plant—combining clutch transmission, motor and

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ElectricSelf Starting and Lighting System that is positive, simple





and fool proof. it will always start your motor. You can depend on it.





See Them At the Fair





Visit the Imperial booth at the Mich.State Fair and see for yourself the merits of our cars. A courteous

demonstrator will point out just why they are “Izonext car: :elling at 1mm! prim. "



Don't select your car until you read our 1914 Catalog. Write for Catalog D today. It contains Specifications

for Imperial “34" and other cars that comprise our line. We Will send the catalog immediately and see that you

meet our dealer in your locality.





IMPERIAL AUTOMOBILE CO.





to get out of order.





Factories — Jackson, Mich. i





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





‘ If ".“d‘ " - / \ . , I



_ p F P -/ BIC t” IloYourOwn Shredding

ful study of theSe exhibits cannot but lead I up ’ ' ' ‘ W'th R th l

to the forming of a higher ideal by an ' ‘I' 'd i ' ~ 7] (i b l a osen a



. _. . y. . -. I Q lusts easdyto [u y Ian . ,A

farmer who becomes interested in them. . .. “at": p ,f It] ff 6 i ( M

Fan , ; ‘ . - I. y . e cc y e ective un er . l ’ " "

S CY DOmtS are 13811] ”)5 Of minor COrl- E=!:Lll:.i. .F ' .p allconditions.becauseit’sa No l Cyc one ‘ .~.

equence so far as farm production is ... Eiaiitg"7;3":* .y i=4" .4. ONE-"PIECE FENCE ‘ M

* concerned, but type is of great conSe- O TROUBLE at_aII W§S¥§§E§ lg-.:ml.él .«m; .- a. M \' SOLD 0“ TBIAL _ '

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greatest use of food consumed, and these Pittsburgh Perfect" Fence s§§§§§ln~~~~.. . ‘Ns "' .. g ' I. i

are closely related factors which Should over hills andthroughvalleys. y§§~§=l§l§§:‘...i.l M 86:35: Corn Husker and Shredder

be carefyny studied by every patron at Itcontains no Single, separate \Qflllaa“~ - .v 1 ‘ 4M“ _. Made for farmer's own use: only6to 8 H. P. re

the coming State Fair, to the end that Wire. The JOlntS are t§§“~‘~‘~‘.‘ h. quired. We also make three larger sizes requiring

h.e may get the greatest possible educa— WELDED BY ELECTRICII ! ‘ ‘\§§§§§‘i~' 7 “lull ‘ . 7 (1315232 gifr'alxigdifiaxisillnkteldgcfiftlgin limiiiidifociuiiiigh

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ing study Of these exhibits. gigoasansgovngcst anél most durablb fencey ggoduced nmwhxge? acn§§\“l~i J“ l' . ‘ EOSENTH‘L can" HUSKEH cg" 8" 2' "Hunks“ WIS

ousol any”. 8 BEST. _ \\\ “III“ . _ We also make Rosemhal reed Cutters and 5110 Fillets

__ “Trev: :pfilogxuelment frfeehslittigs thzrpan dltf- M§\’\i‘llfmlllii~

‘é'pn 0 cs n slzcuo ’I urg er‘cc " I; ‘_ ‘. > w I“ - ‘ ;

A VALUABLE REFERENCE. ” Eiffiitikfis’é‘i‘i‘szww' “m“ ““m' ”M“ ”w §§i\'ll“liir“ . The Largest and Boot Line at



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Vice given in the Michigan Farmer, every WMeIeGBIM’sfisphyedhsold thebul fence made haltil‘ ' q oa ac Iner

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illustrated catalog—FR L





somely El‘.

THE AUSTIN WESTERN ROAD MACHINERY 80., CHICAGO





KENDALL’S The old reliable remedy for

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DEE: IEAXAL





Make Fall and Winter

Dairying More Profitable





HERE are special advantages in using

a good cream separator during the fall

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The milk from cows long in lactation is

hardest to cream.—-and likewise hardest to

separate with an inferior separator.





Moreover. cream and butter prices are

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or a poor separator counts for most.





Then there’s the sweet. Warm skim-mill:





for stock feeding. alone worth the cost of a

separator in cold weather.





There is surely no reason to delay the

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See your local De Laval agent.





THE DE LAVAL

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Harrie Stalls

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Cream Separators

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_ Write for free

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R. ll. DlSBROW.

Dept.3‘

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SAVE YOUR CORN





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When writing advertisers please

mention The Michllan Farther.





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 

 

 





 





 





 





 





   

 

 

 

 

 

 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER=





glllllllllllilIllllilllllillIllIllllillllIlillmllilllllllilllllliiilllllllilililllIlll|ll|Illlilliillillllllliillllllllllg





Dairy.





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CONDUCTED BY COLON c. LILLIE.





 





FREE MILK! AND CREAM TESTS.





 





The sale of milk and cream on the





’ basis of its butter-fat content is the best





way to market these dairy products. In

this way, and in this way only. can the

dairyman get an equitable price for his

product. But if one makes inquiry of the

dairymen in any community where milk

or cream is sold on a butter-fat test

which is made by the purchaser, he Will

find a more or less deep seated suspicion

on the part of— many dairymen that they

are not getting a fair test in all cases.

Some are emphatic in their declarations,

While others appear to be simply doubtful

regarding the accuracy of the tests made.



As a means of providing an assurance

to Michigan Farmer subscribers that they

are getting pay for every pound of but-

ter-fat sold in this way. the Michigan

Farmer has decided to offer to make tests

free of charge in. all cases where there is

any dispute or suspicion with regard to

the accuracy of the test upon which these

products are sold. These tests will be

made under the supervision of Dr. Floyd

W. Robison, editor of our Practical

Science Department, upon receipt of sam-

ples taken at the same time and under

the same conditions as the samples on

which the product is sold and the result

of the test will be reported to both buyer

and seller.



This offer is made, not with a view of

inciting suspicion or dissatisfaction with

milk tests, but rather with a view of al-

laying such suspicion. The fact that the

producer can have a test made under

theSe conditions will make the buyer

more careful in securing accurate tests,

while the means of determining Whether

a suspicion is well founded or not will

often. in itself, allay that suspicion,



Detailed directions with regard to tak-

ing and shipping samples of milk or cream

for such tests will be published in the

next issue.





MUTUAL. DAIRYMEN’S ASSOCIATION

MEETS.





 





The Mutual Dairymen's Association, of

Detroit. Mich'., held its first annual picnic

at Belle Isle, Saturday, August 30, with





about 500 enthusiastic members in at-

tendance. The morning was spent in

sight-seeing about the Island. In the af-





ternoon they liStened to a fine address by

Mr. Albert E. Jack, secretary of the Milk

Producers' Association, of Chicago, Ill.

He gave some very interesting informa-

tion in regard to their work. and in an-

swer to a question stated that their asso-

ciation in March. 1913. secured a raise of

23% cents per cwt, for the six summer

months, April 1 to October 1, and that

this raise netted the farmers $1,500,000

at a cost of about $2,500 for the expenses

of the association.



Mr. C. Hunsberger. secretary of the

Grand Rapids Milk Producers' Associa-

tion, was also present and told of the

good they had accomplished in the past

year—R. B. Cummings, Sec.





DAIRY NOTES.





 





Don’t Give up Red Clover.



Clover or alfalfa hay and corn silage

should be the basis for the rations for

dairy cows in the state of Michigan. Of

course, We want the cows to eat other

things many timeS, shredded corn fod-

der, pea and oat straw, some years oat

straw. and that sort of thing. but the

dairyman is in line to make the most out

of his dairy farm and his- dairy herd if

he will plan to have a sufficient amount

of clover or alfalfa hay and corn silage

and feed the cows all they will eat up

clean every day that they are kept in

the barn. that iS. every day when there

is not an abundance of pasture. If he

has some waste land that he has to de-

vote to permanent pasture owing to the

fact that it cannot be tilled, then, of

course, he must utilize this land. and

that is all well and good, but if he has all

level, tillable land, then he had better cut

his pasture down to the minimum. And

I believe it would pay to haVe nothing

only an exercise yard. and not attempt

to pasture any field, and depend upon

clover hay and,corn silage for the basic

or roughage foods the entire year.



Alfalfa.

Of, course. very much is being said now





 





 





daysabout alfalfa. and this is well. It





is a wonderful plant. We want to get it

Started. But thousands of farmers will

not have a sufficient amount of alfalfa

hay for their cows and their other stock

for years to come. Farmers are so con-

servative, so slow to get into new things.

Then alfalfa doesn’t make a booming suc-

cess with everybody the first thing. You

have got to learn something about it.

It is on the same principle as many peo-

ple trying to raise sugar beets at first.

They didn’t make a success of it be-

cause it was a new crop and they-

didn’t know how to handle it, and

so it is with alfalfa. Alfalfa is an exact-

ing plant. You haVe got to have the soil

conditi0ns right and then you have got

to handle it right or else you will make a

failure out of it. You must do things

just when they ought to be done with

alfalfa.

The Crop Rotation.





When you do this,

good stand of alfalfa, it is worth more

than red clover. But it doesn’t fit in

then so well into a rotation with Michi-

gan crops 515 common red clover. Com-

mon red clover has been abused. “'hat

I am afraid of is, that so much talk about

alfalfa will overshadow red clover so that

people will neglect it. If they do they

are going to make a serious mistake.

Red clover won’t yield as much in a sea-

son, of hay, as alfalfa. Red clover isn't

quite so rich in protein as alfalfa. But

red clover will grow every year in Mich-

igan; there isn't any question about that.

\Ve know it. We have tried it. It is in-

digenous to this climate. If your soil

isn't sour, if you soil is prOperly drained,

if your soil contains plant food, you can

grow red clover‘and it will grow luxu-

riantly. Why, it will grow as well as

any weed if it has half a chance. And

now don't allow this talk about alfalfa to

overshadow and cause you to neglect

commOn red clover. We want our hay

mows filled full with either alfalfa or red

clover. Until we get the alfalfa let’s

have the red clover.





Feed All Cows wlll Eat.





We should not stint the amOunt of red

clover or alfalfa hay and corn silage we

feed the COWS. Just have one rule,

and that is to feed them all they will eat

up clean. I don't care much whether you

feed them twice or three times a. day.

Twice a day is enough if you will only

give them enough of it. If you will cut

red clover just before it is in full blos-

som and cure it properly, the cows can

eat all that is necessary. We haven't got

enough of this this year to feed twice a

day and we have got to substitute pea

and oat straw for one feed a day. We

are doing that now, since we threshed

the peas and cats. The c0Ws eat the

straw this year well, because it is of fine

quality. I believe a ton 0f the pea and

oat straw that we have just commenced

to feed this year contains as much food

nutrientS, that it is as palatable as the

clover hay was last year. Last year the

clover hay grew in a superabundance of

moisture. It was sappy, watery, it didn’t

contain the food nutrients, the dry mat-

ter that it ought to contain. And so the

straw last year was practically worthless

for anything but bedding. You couldn’t

hardly coax the cows to eat the pea and

oat straw last year. It was soaked and

resoaked in the rain. It grew with too

much moisture, in the first place, and

then when it came to get wet three or

four times in curing it. it was practically

worthless as a food. But this year it is

entirely different. The season has been

the driest that we haveever known.

\‘l'hat straw we got is prime. We had

good weather to cure it in. It didn't get

rained on at all. We cut our peas and

oats at just about the right time. They

weren’t over-ripe. They were cured with-

out any external moisture :It all, and

thres‘hed. and the straw put in the barn.

and when we feed pea and out straw now

the cows eat it better than they did clo-

ver hay last year.



While We may want the cows to eat oth-

er things for roughage, other than clover

hay and corn silage. yet we shOuld de-

pend upon clover hay and corn silage as

the basic roughage foods. We need clo-

ver in the rotation. One trouble Will be

with alfalfa if we get to growing it, we

won’t plow the land often enough. We

Will leave it down to alfalfa. And then

the rest of the fields where we raise corn

and Wheat and oats, potatoes and other

crops will do without the red clover

crop.



Now we can not hope to maintain

permanent agriculture without growing

clover or alfalfa in the rotation. We

haven't yet learned to use alfalfa in a.

rotation of crops and we must and should

depend upon red clover. It improves the





and you get a





 





’





SEPT.. 13 , 1913.





physical condition of our clay subsoils.

It aids vegetable matter of the highest

order to the soil. It, like alfalfa, hasthe

power of getting nitrogen from the at-

mosphere and it enriches the land in the

total amOunt of nitrogen. We must not

give up red clover. If we do we are go-

ing to rue the day. It is a wonderful

plant for our latitude, and while We be-

come interested, and should become in-

terested in alfalfa, don’t let this intro-

duction of new plants cause us to slight

common red clover which has done so

much, and is doing so much, and is capa-

ble in the future of doing so much for

Michigan agriculture.





THE LABOR PROBLEM ON THE DAIRY

FARM.





——~——_





(Continued from first page).





into account the time required to wash

the machine and keep it in geod condition

from one milking to the next. Providing

the two men were milking from 28 to 40

cows the milking machine would do away

with the necessity of employing a third

hand. At least that has been my experi-

ence with milking machines.





Another factOr that simplifies the labor

in handling the dairy herd is to have the

young stock and dry cows in pastures or

stables apart from those giving milk.

Young stock are a nuisance in the pas-

ture with the milking herd for they are

continually causing trouble while driving

the cows to and from the stable and es-

pecially when they are allowed to run in

and out of the stable at milking time.

Dry cows that are heavy with call" are

also better off away from those giving

milk. The running and crowding going

in and out of the stables and gates does

them no good, and it only makes addi-

tional work in cleaning out the barns

when they are allowed to track out and in.



The work of caring for the young calves

is simplified by staiting a bunch at about

the same time along during the fall 01

Winter so that they will be large enough

to go out to pasture along in July and

August. In this way they can have more

attention when young and they will be

in good condition to thrive with very little

special attention by the time field work

demands the dairyman’s attention.





The silo simplifies the soiling problem

by doing away with the necessity of

growing, cutting and hauling green crops

to the stable to feed during the summer.

There may be times when green feed can

be profitably utilized, but even then it is

better to cut and feed the regular field

crops than to depend upon a few patches

of catch crops to supply the cows with

succulence when the pastures begin .to

deteriorate. On the farm where corn,

oats and peas, clover and alfalfa grow,

one does not need to devote a lot of time

to growing soiling crops. The best green

crops and the best winter cropsare the

same.





One of the mOSt important factors to be

observed in caring for and feeding dairy

cattle is that of kindness and regularity.

Being strongly occult by nature the dairy

cow judges human nature with amazing

accuracy. She becomes accustomed to

her caretaker and when a stranger ap-

pears to milk and feed her there is sure

to be a falling off in her milk yield. If

you think you can fool the highly devel—

oped dairy cow, by putting on the clothes

of the man who feeds and milks her reg-

ularly, you are greatly mistaken. These

animals have lived for many years as

close companions With man, and much

Wisdom has been inherited by them. You

may be able to fool them a little with

sweet clover and mixed feeds, but never

on human beings. The men Who feed and

milk are either friends or enemies. For

their friends, who have a kindly word and

an understanding heart, a herd of dairy

cattle will respond wonderfully well; but

for a. man who dislikes cows and treats

them cruelly there is trouble ahead. A

herd of dairy cattle can be trained to a.

high degree of intelligence (some draw

the line between intelligence and in-

stinct), that will greatly facilitate and

simplify the work of caring for and feed-

ing them.





New York. W. MILTON KELLY.





‘Alfalfa in many sections west in the

salvation this year of the live stock feed;

er. Where their corn has been ruined.

they'have good crops of alfalfa for feed-

ing and While it will not make a steer fat

it at least keeps him in strong condition

and the addition of a little corn purchas-.

ed from a community where drought did

not do its worst. will enable many Kan-

sas and Nebraska feeders to furnish the

market this winter with some good beef.
SEPT.13,1913. - . THME MICHIGAN-FARMER - 7—219 ,





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a JIM “I:





- Locomo—

The Standardized Modern

Dairy Barn Equipment





i Every farmer, dairyman, dealer, and manufacturer appreciates the benefit derived from the adoption of a standard for



X any manufactured article. The standardization of any device means that it is made according to the model approved,



l indorsed and recommended by the majority; that every part is interchangeable and made to a standard size; that the

material used is the best for each respective part; and that the article has been found of sufficient value to merit the ‘





indorsement of a majority. -



Standardization with regard to Louden products, means more ‘than the usual sense of the term. In addition to

possessing all the requirements, the Louden barn equipment embodies other features. The Louden factories hate been

systematized—efficiency-ized—that every part be made correctly and the very best.



Standardization has made a wonderful change in the products. It has made possible better quality for a given outlay

and when you purchase a Louden product, you may do it with the full assurance that you are receiving the greatest value

that a labor-saving systematized factory can produce for the money.





Louden’s Standardized Cow Stalls and Sanitary Equipment





Costs less than that made of lumber, yet is stronger, more comfortable for the cows, more sanitary, and lasts longer.



Frees the barn from germ-breeding places—has no cracks, crevices, or square corners, and malleable dust proof fittings are used throughout.

Cuts work and time of feeding and cleaning to minimum and thus reduces expense. Insures greater flow of milk because the cow is more

comfortable. It is strong enough to support the barn—made of 1% inch steel tubing—~yet does not retard ventilation. Instead it greatly increases

the efficiency of any ventilating system. Prevents cows from injuring each other.



Standardized Spring Balance Mangers, all but automatic in operation, always in repair and insure individual feeding. They are made of

heavy galvanized steel, not bent or folded, but reinforced with heavy iron and steel tubing frame.



Louden’s Standardized Spring Balance Manger Partitions operate perfectly with concrete mangers; are made with heavy iron frame and

heavy galvanized sheet steel; operate same as Louden spring balance mangers; and insure against over or under fed cattle.



Louden name plates are made of sheet steel and cannot be destroyed by horns of the cows, as is the case where glass or celluloid is used.

Louden individual manger water basins provide for pipe connection or hand watering.





Louden Standardized Equipment saves time, labor, feed, and money, and increases profits and insures perfect sanitary conditions.





Lo‘uden Standardized Litter and Feed Carriers





Operate easiest, last longest, cut feeding and cleaning labor in two. You can’t overload the Louden Carriers—not even with wet con-

crete or gravel. You can raise forty times as. much with a Louden Carrier lifting device. The strong worm or screw gear is the most powerful

gear known to mechanical science. The Carriers are perfectly balanced mechanically.



O erates on steel track or cable, makingconveyance ten times easier than pushing the wheel-barrow. It is always out of the way. The

swivele truck makes it easy to round sharp curves. Box of Litter Carrier is made of heavy galvanized steel with angle iron frame. Thoroughly

seasoned wood and metal covering is used on Feed Carriers. Frames are of steel tubing with malleable connections. Material used, the best

for each respective part and every part made to a standard size.



Louden Carriers reduce cost. Save labor and increase the profits. They soon save enough time, labor, and feed to pay for themselves.





Louden’s Standardized Stanchions





* Perfectly sanitary, health preserving, disease preventing—dust and germ proof. Strong enough to hold the biggest bull, yet so light they do not annoy

theextremely nervous animal. Made of steel tubing or with wood lining, and swinging lower end, they give cows greatest comfort. Align the cows, thus assur-

‘ ing clean cows and stalls. Are adjustable and made in six difl’erent sizes and weights—one for every

Louden Stalls Saved Cattle—Supportanundred Tons bovine. “U” shaped bottom permits cut-out in manger curb, giving the_cow greater freedom by

Thelarge barn on the Otto Baum farm near Kewaskum Wig allowmg her to place her throat Wlthln ten inches of manger floor when lying down.

consin. collapsed a few days ago, when filled with hundreds of Costs the Same as a Halter—Lasts Ten Times as Long

tons of bay. The mow floor dropped to the top of the thirty





Louden Stalls and bull pen. There, the weight of the mow Louden standardized Bird-Proof Barn Door Hangers





floor, the hay in the mow, and the upper part of the structure,





a

"I~

'





-“ I .'

Sasqwmia/é

.réngnosk.' *"’





 





 





9





Q1123.





was held, and the cattle in the barn at the time, were saved ‘ ' ' ’



from even the slightest injury. The damage to the thirty odd h' dOperate made] steel 1tubing. tCattle }can t push the door down. Attached to the barn by double

stalls and bull pen will not amount to one dollar. The equip, mge connectlon, t e trac IS away rom t e weat 1er and buds and Will never become clogged. The

ment cost about as much as one good cow. Carrlers have roller bearing wheels. 71162] cost less, are attached, more easzly, mm. like magic and last





 





 





 





longer. Insist that Bird Proof Hangers are listed in your bill of material. They fulfill every requirement.

illIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII ‘





 





I . . . '

I Louden Machinery Co.,233 Broadway, FarrfieldJa. : 300 Tlme and Labor Savers for. Barns

: Without cost to me sendbookletorinfbrmation checked below. : This Company is the pioneer maker and for 47 years. the largest manufacturer of time and labor

I . . I saving barn equipment. Louden’s Hay Carriers, Hay Slings, Hay Forks, Pulleys, Hay Carrier Track,

:. . ......... Dairy Barn Equipment : Barn Door Hangers, Feed, Ensilage and Litter Cagriers and 53mg. Sgalls and Stanchions are Ignown the

, - - world over. Every article manufactured has een stan ar me -every part is interc angeable.

:» ' ‘ ' ' ‘ ‘ ' ' ‘ .Litter and Feed Carriers : Louden’s products annually save farmers and dairymen thousands of dollars.

' .......... Barn Plans and Information ' '

'.' . . : Ask Your Dealer About Louden .

: Gomg to build a barn? ................ . ......... : GOOdS—If He Cannot Tell You Let our Architects Plan Your B

' Going to remodel the barn? ..................... I w FILL IN THIS COUPON A corps of successful architects is retained to aid

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0 c o c I I a I o o . o'. o . .ca 8 ............... orseS vice of these men is fee. rite us Your needs if u

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I NAME . , . I Makers of 300 Time and Labor Savers for the Barn present barn If you lntend '50 remodel.

: o o. announce-GOOQ-yoncooso ......... - OurArchitectS devote antheirtimetobarnplans and

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¥-—-"""'.""'-"""lllIII-IIIIIII Minn.;andFairfield. 1a.. and Camdmn Factories.
P





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220—8





;T HE MICHIGAN FA RM E'R‘





 





SEPT: 13. 1913. "





 





The Michigan Farmer





Established 1843.

The Lawrence Publishing Co.





Editors and Proprietors.

39 to 45 Con 038 St. West. Detroit. Michigan.

ELEPHONE MAIN 4525. -

an Yon: OFFICE—41 Park Row.

Oercsoo Onion—604 Advertising Building.

CLEVELAND Osman—10114015 Oregon Ave.. N. E.





 





 





   





M. J. LAWRENCE..... ........................Presldent

M. L. LAWRENCE.....................Vioe-President

1:. n. nouonrou..........................seo.-Tre_as.

I. a. warnaeunv.



0. E. YUUNG ........ .. Associate

BURT WERMU'I‘H.. . Editors.

ALTA LAWSON LITTELL .......... l





 





 





E. E. HOU‘GHTON..................Business Manager





 





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mnniontione to. and make all drafts cheeks and poet.

omoe orders payable to. the Lawrence Publishing 00,





 





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COPYRIGHT 19I3

by the Lawrence Pub. Co. All persons are warned





against reprinting any portion of the contents of

this issue without our written permission.





DETROIT, SEPT 13, 1913.





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





 





 





 





 





At a meeting of the

Important to Bean Michigan Bean Job-

Growers. bers’ Association held

in Grand Rapids this

week, President Vi'elch Of that organiza-

tion advanced a new idea in relation to

the marketing of this important Michigan

cash crOp, by zidvoeating the joint action

of bean buyers and growers in the fixing

of the price after the crop is harvested

with monthly advances to cover the

shrinkage, interest, insurance and other

expenses incidental to holding the crop.

What action the bean dealers may take

in response to this suggestion is problem—

atical, but there is one point in connec-

tion with it Which is worthy of the care-

ful conSideration of Michigan bean grow-

ers, and that is thebenefit which would

accrue by effecting a working organiza-

tion covering the entire state and includ-

ing every bean grower in the state so

far as possible.



There has been not a little dissatisfac-

tion among bean growers with regard to

the operation of the uniform rules of

grading adopted by the Michigan Bean

Jobbers Association and observed by its

members in the purchase of this staple

Michigan product. notwithstanding the

fact that the bean dealers have contend-

ed that such standardization of Michi-

gan's product has increased the demand

for Michigan beans in the world's market

and thus proven a benefit to the bean

growiiig industry of the state. If the

bean growers of the state were well or-

ganized it would be easily possible to ad-

just this and other differences between

bean gr0wers and bean dealers in an

equable manner without in any way in-

terfering with the uniformity of the pro-

duct, which is undoubtedly an advantage.



Such an organization could also more

effectively deal with the problems which

are of primary interest to the growers.

yet which affect the marketing phaseof

the problem very materially. One such

opportunity for effective work lies in the

possibility of eliminating the use of seed

beans affected with anthracnore and oth-

er fungous diseases and thus materially

bettering the average quality of the Mich-

igan bean crop and enhancing its value

to a corresponding degree. In several

of the. ,counties which have taken advan-

tage of the farm management service and

employed a county agriculturist, the prop-

osition of selecting clean and uninfected

seed for next year's planting will be made

the subject of a special campaign this

fall. Local and state organizations of

bean growers would simplify this prob-

lem greatly and there is no other way in

which the profit from the Michigan bean

crop could be more greatly enhanced than

through the elimination or minimizing of

the damage incident to the presence of

this class of bean diseases. ‘



But important as this work is, the ben—

efits which would ultimately accrue in

the marketing of the crop are equally im-

portant. With an effective working or-

ganization bean growers would certainly

in a better position to have a voice

in price fixing than they are at present.

In fact, at present they have no voice

whatever in this important factor of their

business.





Address all com. _





Without knowing and carefully study-

ing all the details of any scheme which

might be worked out by the bean jobbers

as a result of Mr. Welch’s suggestion,

bean growers cannot well determine'the

feasibility or desirability of such a plan,

but with an effective working organiza-

tion of their own they would be able to

evolve plans of their own and "would be

in a position to treat with the organized

bean dealers or seek other avenues of

marketing their crop as seemed most de—

sirable. To secure satisfactory results,

however, such an organization should be.

state wide in character and include prac-

tically every man who grows beans on a

commercial scale, and it would be the

part of wisdom for interested bean grow-

ers to take early initiative in bringing

about such an organization. We should

be glad to have the views of representa-

tive bean growers of the state on this

point.



, In other columns

Michigan’s Prosperous





of this issue will

Agricultre. be found an arti-

cle relating to





crop conditions in some of the states of

the middle west and many items describ;

ing the crop conditions in a number of

the most important agricultural states of

the country, as well as the official crop

report of Michigan for the current month.

A comparison of these various sections

as represented by these reports cannot

but convince the most skeptical reader

that Michigan is an exceptionally prosper-

ous agricultural state. XVith our exception-

ally wide diversity of agricultural pro—

ducts there is not a single general crop

failure in the whole list and most of the

staple crops average up with the figures

of former years. In this diversity of pro-

ductsfihere is an insurance policy of

prosperity for Michigan agriculture.



In‘sections where the main dependence

of farmers is placed upon one or two or

more crops these may be poor and the

situation becomes most discouraging. But

with a great diversity of agriculture there

can be no such thing as a general crop

failure even under unfavorable weather

conditiOns.



The many reports from different Sec-

tions of the country, published in this and

succeeding issues, should be carefully stud-

ied by every reader of the Michigan

Farmer, to the end that he ,may be thor-

oughly advised of agricultural condi-

tions as they exiSt in other sections of

the country and plan his oWn business

campaign accordingly. It would, for in-

stance, appear that over large sections of

the country the late potato crop will be

very poor, which is an indication that

when harvest time comes the surplus for

sale will be small in many sections, while

in many farm communities potatoes will

have to be shipped in for home use. Like-

wise, there is prospect ihat a normal

acreage of winter wheat will not be sown

this season, on account of unfavorable

weather conditions for plowing the ground

and fitting the seed bed in the dry areas.



These and other deductions will be of

value to those readers of the Michigan

Farmer who carefully study the crop re-

ports which will be a prominent feature

of future issues during the late summer

and fall. Such a course will not only

fortify the reader with knowledge which

will be of value to him in a business way

but will go far toward making him satis-

fied with Michigan from an agricultural

standpoint.



The announce-





Educational Opportunities ment by the

for Farm Boys. Michigan ‘Ag-

ricultural Col-





lege of a two-years' winter course in ag-

riculture, which will consist of 30 weeks

of special training for farm boys, in ad-

dition to the regular academic course and

short courses previously offered, affords

another educational opportunity for the

farm boys of Michigan, of which many

should avail themSelves. This is an age

of education and with the keen competi-

tion of modern life, in which efficiency is

everywhere becoming the slogan, the lack

of an adequate education is a serious

handicap in every walk of life. With the

application of modern science to agricul-

ture constantly increasing fhis is perhaps

more true in the business of farming than

in almost any other line of work.

Formerly it was the accepted idea that

anybody could farm and that a technical

education was not essential to the high-

eSt success on the farm. That idea has,

however. long since been abandoned by

all thinking people and it is. impossible

for the boy who intends to follow farm-

ing as a business to have too good a tech-

nical agricultural, education. But if he

cannot spare the time or the means to

take a full college course in agriculture,

he can perhaps spare the time in the





'in special





winter season and the small amount of

money which it would cost to take the

two years’ winter course offered by the

agricultural college. If not he surely can

afford to take some of the shorter courses

departments of ' agriculture,

which will better equip him to make a.

cess of his chosen business.



‘ t is now the season of the year for

those who would enter the full course to

decide this point quickly, and it isle. good

time for those who cannot do this to be

thinking about taking advantage of the

winter courses offered, to the end that

these educational opportunities which the

State of Michigan offers its farm boys

may not be wholly neglected.





Michigan Farmer head-

Call when at the quarters at this year’s

State Fair. State Fair will be at a.

building recently erect-

ed for the purpose, which is located be-

tween the first and second cattle barns

in the live stock exhibit section. Sub-

scribers are invited to call at our build-

ing while at the fair and every subscrib—

er who can possibly arrange his affairs

to do so should attend this year’s State

Fair, which premises greater educational

and entertainment possibilities than any

like event in the history of the state.





THE WORLD DOES MOVE.





 





For centuries it was a question as to

which moved—the earth or the sun.



Most of .us, however, are agreed that,

in the matter of human progress, the

world is moving. ‘



What a change machinery has made in

the harvest field in a generation. We

might almost say that we farm no more

as our fathers farmed than 'they farmed

as the Egyptians of old.



Those who have recognized the import-

ance of keeping up with the times have

profited by their enterprise. Let us sug-

gest that important new machines and

implements are coming out every year.

You will find them announced in the ad-

vertising columns of the Michigan Farmer.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





National.





The United States Department of Jus-

tice recently begun proceedings for the

dissolution of the Reading Company’s

control of the coal mining and coal car-

rying railroads. This is known as the an-

thracite coal combination. The Reading

Railroad Company, with its subsidiaries

and allied corporations, is charged with

violating both the Sherman anti-trust law

and the commodity clause of the inter-

state commerce act in an attempt to

monopolize the production and transpor-

tation of anthracite coal. It is said that

this combination controls 63 per cent of

the unmined deposits of anthracite coal

and markets. about 30 per cent of the an-

nual supply.



Engineer A. B. Miller, of the White

Mountains Express, a fast passenger train

on the New. Haven Railroad in Connecti-

cut, which collided with the second sec-

tion of the Bar Harbor express on Tues-

day of last week, killing 21 and seriouSly

injuring 40 others, has admitted that he

was oiling the engine and failed to notice

the danger signals. The officials of the

road admit that the signal system is also

at fault, the so-called “banjo" signal sys-

tem On this portion of the line not yet

having been replaced by the. semaphore

system recommended by the public utili-

ties commiSSion last December.



Representatives of the American Bank-

ers’ Association appearing before the

Senate Committee on Banking and Cur-

rency, while approving many points in

the administration currency bill, plead for

minority representation on the proposed

reserve board to avoid abuses or mis-

takes in its administration.



Dr. Francis Devereaux Clarke, Super-

intendent of the Michigan School for the

Deaf,, and Grand Master of the Michigan

Lodge, F. & A, M., died suddenly of heart

failure at his home on the institution

grounds at Flint, September 7. '



Harry K. Thaw is still making a legal

fight against deportation from Canada.

The populace is taking a strong interest

in the case and apparently the public

sympathy is with the prisoner.



Principals in the copper country strike,

including representatives of operators,

miners and military authorities, held a

conference with the Governor at Lansmg

early this week, which conference was

called with a view to the settlement of

the strike grievances if possible. At the

mines labor organizations are preparing

to "picket" thOSe having shafts in opera-

tion. The striking miners are being giv-

en encouragement and promises of sub-

stantial aid from other departments of

organized labor. _



The funeral of former United States

Justice Henry Billings Brown was held at

Detroit on Monday of this week. Hon.

Edward Douglas White. Chief Justice of

the U. S. Supreme Court. and for 13

years a colleague of Justice Brown on

the federal bench. attended the funeral.



Fifty-two railroads operating iii-the-

east will file compiled schedules for a pro-

posed advance of five per cent in freight

rates on all commodities except grain and

coal, with the Interstate Commerce Com-

mission. The propoSed changes will be

based on the present first—class rate be-

tween New ‘York and Chicago. At the





request of the Commission the railroads





will await an investigation by the Inter-

state Commerce COmmission which will

enable it to. pass on the reasanableness

of these rates. Something of the extent

of the task is indicated by the statement-

that there will be a car load or more of

these tariffs compiled .by railroads in

eastern territory. which haVe been com-

piled and printed at an aggregate expense

of close to $1,000,000 to the railroads.





This .has been "Made in Detroit" week.

All kinds of Detroit manufactures have

been shown in down town store windows

and booths as a means of familiarizing

Detroit residents and transient visitors

with the extent and nature of Detroit's

manufacturing industries.





Early returns from the election in the

third congressional district of Maine in-

dicate the election of John A. Peters, re-

publican, over Wm. A. Pattangall, demo-

crat, by a moderate majority, with Ed.

M. Lawrence, progressive candidate, a.

poor third in the race. Considerable in-

terest is attached to this election as the

first held in the country since the stren-

uous campaign of last fall. Returns in-

dicate that the vote of the democratic

candidate varies little from that given

President Wilson in the same district.

while the progressive vote dropped off

about 50 per cent from that of last faiL





Foreign.





A government transport has been sent

to the Mexican coast to bring away re-

maining Americans desiring to leave that

country, in accordance with President

Wilson's recent warning. In view of the

fact that the ‘authorities have been warn-

ed against the possible consequences of

flying an American flag on this mission

the transport will sail under the Red

Cross flag. Of the 10,000 Americans in

Mexico when the recent warning was is-

sued it is estimated that only about 1,000

new remain on Mexican soil.





A public demonstration was participat-

ed in by 15,000 people in Tokio. Japan,

following the assassination of Mortiaro

Abe. director of the political bureau of

the Japanese foreign office. The speakers

who headed the demonstration denounced

the Japanese diplomacy in connction with

California and China and insisted that the

insult to the Japanese flag should be wip—

ed out. The manifestation is considered

an evidence of popular resentment against

the ministry in its treatment of the Cali-

fornia and Chinese questions.





MICHIGAN cnop REPORT.





 





Wheat—The average estimated yield in

the state is 16.14, in the southern coun-

ties 15.41 in the central counties 16.50,

in the northern counties 16.29 and in the

upper peninsula 24 buShels per acre. The

quality as compared with an average per

cent is 95 in the state, central and north-

ern counties, 91 in the southern counties

and 97 in the upper peninsula. The total

number of bushels of wheat reported mar-

keted by farmers in August at 79 mills

is 168,270 and at 81 elevators and to grain

dealers 132,507 or a total of 300,777 bush-

els. Of this amount 226,126 bushels were

marketed in the southern four tiers of





counties, 64,906 in the central counties

and 9,745 in the northern counties and

upper peninsula. The estimated total





number of bushels of wheat marketed in

August is 750,000. Sixty—one mills, ele—

vators and grain dealers report no wheat

marketed in August.



Oats—The estimated yield in the state

is 28.71, in the southern counties 23.82, in

the central counties 33.53, in the northern

counties 32.63 and in the upper peninsula

42.45 bushels per acre. 'The quality as

compared with an average per cent is 90

in the state, 85 in the southern counties,

96 in the central counties, 97 in the north-

ern c0unties and 100 in the upper pe-

ninsula.



Rye—The estimated average yield in

the State is 13.97, in the southern coun-

ties 13.30, in the central counties 13.31,

in the northern counties 14.64 and in the

upper peninsula 23.15 bushels per acre.



Corn.-—-The condition of corn compared

with an average per cent is 84 in the

state, 75 in the southern counties, 96 in

the central counties, 94 in the northern

counties and 98 in the upper peninsula.

The condition one year ago was 73 in

the state, 79 in the southern counties. 61

in the central counties, 71 in the northern

counties and 72 in the upper peninsula.



Beans—The probable yield of beans

compared with an average per cent is 78

in the state. 72 in the southern counties,

79 in the central counties, 88 in the north-

ern counties and 96 in the upper penin—

Sula. One year ago the probable yield

was 78 in the state, 81 in the southern

and northern counties, 71 in the central

counties and 77 in the upper peninsula.



Peas—The estimated average yield in

the state is 18.10, in the southern coun-

ties 17.20. in the central counties 15.85, in

the northern counties 16.76. and in the

upper peninsula 28.50 bush per acre.



Potatoes.——The condition of potatoes

compared with an average per cent is 72

in the state. 61 in the southern counties.

82 in the central counties. 84 in the

northern counties and 88 in the upper pe-

ninsula. The condition one year ago was

88 in the state and northern counties, 91

in the southern counties, 78 in the cen-

tral counties and 101 in the upper penin-

su a.



Clover Seed—The condition of clover

seed compared with an average per cent

is 80 in the state and southern counties.

81 in the central counties, 79 in the north-

ern counties and 92 in the upper penin-

sula. The condition one year ago was 79

in the state, 78 in the southern counties,

81 in the central and northern counties

and 96 in the upper peninsula.



Live Stock—Live stock; hogs excepted.

is reported in fair condition: correspond-

ents report hog cholera in the following

countieS: Barry, Branch, Calhoun, Cass,

Genesee, Gratiot, Ingham, Ionia. Jackson,

iLenawee, Livingston, St. Joseph and Sag-

new.
‘17Ie FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?





LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an? '





\w





 





1 V





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





INFORMATION W M@§593§ MECHANICAL

, PUBLI ~





 





 





 





 





'l—‘hTs Magazine Section tomis a part of our paper every week. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere.





Life Story of’ a Michigan Pioneer.





Only from these favored few, comparatively speaking, whose memOr-ies span the allotted term of man—three score and ten—can we glean first-hand knowledge

of a generation now fast disappearing. Their lives were filled with anxieties and trials—likewise with joys and triumphs—not appreciated by the present genera-





tion, and our thankfulness for the sturdy men and Women who led the vanguard of civilization should only be, marred by the unwelcome conviction that the world

Of the few remaining, each has a life story in which there is much that is





 





will not see their like again. Many of them ave long since passed to their reward.

* worthy of record. Such a story is that of Mr. James A. Symes, pioneer resident of Sparta township, Kent county. We present the story in Mr. Symes’ own words.





home on our own lam.1' At last, at nine o‘clock at night,

the corner of the land which father had bought was

reached. It was the north half of the southwest quarter,

and the southwest quarter of the south half of section

26, town 9, north, range 12 west, in the county of Kent,

afterward known as the township of Sparta. Camp was

Struck in a sheltered spot on the north side of the hill.

The cattle were turned loose to feed and rest; a long

pole was arranged, beneath which a cheerful tire soon

blazed. Suspended from the pole were pots and kettle

and our first supper was prepared.



The next day was the day of our independence and we

celebrated by making,)‘ a tour of discovery. We found,

down the bank by the creek, a beautiful spring of Spark-

ling water. It has ever since been known as the “cold

Spring.” Ncai‘ it father built the first house in the town—

ship, and ovcrit be erected a milk-house wherein mother

carried on her dairy operations during the summer

months \Ve also found "the much coveted basswood

Sprouts. and intrying to make the whistle I cut my

finger. (in the sixteenth day of that same month i had

my tit'th birthda .



Father felled revs, cut and titted logs for the new house





it was on the third of July in the year of our



Lord 1845—there might have been seen—had there

been anyone there to see—a large yoke of oxen hitched to

a lumber wagon The wagon was piled high with furni-

ture and household utensils. Near the front end of the

Wagon box, upon a rude seat consisting of a board rest—

ing at either end upon spring poles supported at the ends

by iron hooks, sat a woman and man child. The woman

was my mother.



The j0urney that had commenced in the early morning

was nearing its close, for night was now coming on, and

the road had become merely a blazed trail made by the

surveyors.



Beside the oxen, axe over shoulder, strode a sturdy

young Englishmanimy father. The axe was necessary,

for frequently there had to be removed barriers of under-

brush, sometime the trunks of fallen trees, to give pas-

sage for the team and wagon. The oxen were tired and

hungry. \Vith all the necessary delays it had been a

long day's drive and now for the last three miles the road

had to be out ahead of the team.



The forest consisted of beech, maple, elm, basswood





ONE mid-summer day—to be exact about the date,





 





 





 





 





 





 





The and hauled them to the site near the

i ' I i " spring. Invitations were sent out and

everybody came to the raising, but not

enough men were secured, in a radius of

three miles. to raise the house more than

breast high, only seven men coming to





and other flora of lower Michigan.

herbage comprised a gorgeous array of

flowering plants in full blossom, inter-

spersed with leeks. ferns and many for-

age plants, the whole constituting a sore

temptation to the hungry cattle. for be-





sides the oxen there were two cows and the first bcc. After two weeks another

a yearling: Father had his hands full trial was made. This time elCVen men

were secured, same (willing a distance of





keeping them all in line.

The boy at my mother’s side was tired,

. cross and peevish. The mother, full of

I high hopes and bright visions of the home





six miles, and the house was built nine

logs high. Father and a neighbor put up

the rafters, which were made of saplings

'hcwn on one side, as, indeed, were the

cross—beams and sleepers—Min fact, every

part of the building in which natural tim-

ber could be used.



“’hen the roof boards were on there

was a long tedious wait, for father found,

on going to Grand Rapids for shingle.

nails, that there were none to be had.

That village. was growing very rapidly and





she and her husband were to carve out of

the virgin forest, tried to comfort the lad

by telling him that we would soon be on

our own farm, and that there we should

find some basswood that would be easy to

whittle, out of which he could make a.

whistle. The Wife and mother also tried

to encourage the weary pioneer by such

remarks as, “John, we will soon be at





 





 





 





 





 





‘ \Ir a.

«. ~:‘ v“)

, 5 we





. a\ Q.

" ,\ “r:

X ‘ sag 1‘-

‘ ‘1‘ 1.





a .

NH .._





 





 





 





 





 





 





Explanation of Cuts.—-The hoto-en a sfr m a recent hoto ra h of Mr. and Mrs. SymeS- The views reading from left

D gr vure above the group of farm views i o D g D whip-grafted by Wm. Wylie, the following year,





i to right, are as follows: 1. Two trees of the original a le orchard; seeds lanted in 1845 by MT. Symes’ mother; .



;to R. I. Greening; carrying a fair crop of fruit this ‘yeaIIJ'P 2. The old barnl—j—built n 1849 and re-shingled 40 years later. The silo IS a comparatively recent addi-

tion. 3. The comfortable farm home, representing the rewards of a useful and active life. 4. House marking the spot on Which MI‘. and MI‘S- Symes began

home-making, and Where their children were born and reared. 5. The modest village home to which they have recently retired.
222 --10





the supply had been exhausted, the base

of supply being Chicago and transporta-

tion slow-by sailing ve‘ssels across the

lake and flat-bottomed barges up the riv-

er. After two weeks a second trip re-

sulted in the nails being secured.



Then father was taken sick; had the

ague—the real, old-fashioned kind, the

kind that "burns and freezes, bakes, and

shakes.” The nearest doctor was eleven

miles away and his visits were a fort-

night apart‘. Father's bed was placed in

the most vsheltered corner of the house

and a bark roof built over it until he fin-

ally wore the disease out.



In the meantime the family larder had

run d0wn to the point that there were

only a few/potatoes left. When the writ,—

er of this story cried for bread and his

father said; "fMotlier, why dOn’t you give

the child some bread?” she, brave heart,

not wishing to worry him, said, “Oh,

baked potatoes are better for him." But

relief came in an almost miraculous way.

A near neighbor—a bachelor—who had

bought an _,‘,‘Veighty” only a half mile from

us, was just moving in. Mother heard

the “chuck"‘of his wagon and, being as-

sured of “his arrival, started with her

pail to borrow some flour. She had never

seen the man, but she had a strong faith

in humanity and in God who has promisn

ed never to forsake His children. She

found the wagon-load of goods partly un-

loaded. A barrel of flour was there but

no owner. After delaying as long as she

dared, and calling several times without

getting a response, she, upon her knees,

asked God to guide her and to forgive her

if what she was about to do was a sin.

Then she broke in the head of the bar-

rel and helped herself to a pail of flour,

with which she made her boy some bread.



The owner of the flour, Mr. Martin-

dale, proved to be one of the best of

neighbors. What should be said of him

may, with equal truth, be said of all of

those early settlers; not one of them

would have failed to divide his last meal

with a needy neighbor. Mr. Mzirtindale

explained his absence at the time of

mother's visit in this wise: He had bought

his team in Grand Rapids and when he

unhooked the tongue chain his steers

started back home. He had to chase

those cattle nine miles before recapturing

them.



Father succeeded in clearing a small

plot of ground—about three-quarters of

an acre—and sowed it to wheat. The re-

turn was 26 bushels.



Vi'e made maple sugar the next season,

but the process made it a. slow, tedious

job as we had nothing in which to boil'

the sap except the pots and kettles used

for the family cooking, in addition to one

dive-pail kettle. However, when 50 lbs.

of sugar had been made father carried it

on his back to Grand Rapids and traded

it for another kettle which he lugged

home. We were 13 miles from Grand

Rapids and this incident is a striking

sample of the privations and hardships of

the early pioneer.



Mo-e land was cleared and planted; ev-

erything grew and produced bountifully

that was planted in that virgin soil. All

timber was burned on the grOund, except

the straightest grained ash or oak. which

was made into rails with which to fence

the farm.



The original price of this lillld was $1.25

per acre. Now, after 68 years, it is, with

improvements, $100 an acre, but associa-

tions and remembrances make it vastly

more valuable to me. Every foot of this





ground is hallowed with recollections of

my boyhood days, for among my most

cherished memories are the knoll Where





deer would sometimes halt and look down

upon those strange things—the cabin in

the wilderness with its smoke curling

from the old stick chimney, and the open

door with strange live things gazing out

at them; the pool in the creek where I,

with a bent pin, caught my first Shiner;

the place where the threshing floor was

built; the site of the sugar camp around

which cluster so many sweet reminis-

cences; the “old swimming hole" and the

log in the middle of the stream that I

used to call my Crusoe Island; the thick-

ets where I used to hunt the grouse and

partridge; the bank along the creek where

grew the wild plums, black haw. moose-

wood. spice bush and witch hazel.

Father bought me a. double-barreled

fowling piece when I was ten years old.

Small game was very plentiful and I ad—

ded considerable to the family larder by

bringing something from the woods al-

most every time I went to seek the cows.

Being a mason by trade, my father

found quite a little to do in that line, es-

pecially after the settlers began to build

more substantial homes. Mother and I,

with at man during the summer season,

carried on the farm. It was- aproud day





T as M IfC'H 1 GA N FARM E R





in 1849 when the big bank barn was rais-

ed, the first in the township. It had a

strong hardwood frame and is still stand-

ing, a monument to the honest ability of

the carpenters and maSons of those daYs.



Part of the land seemed to father to be

suited, both as to soil and location, for an

orchard and he set it out to apple trees.

The trees had been grown from seed that

my mother planted the very first season

we were on the farm. This was the first

orchard in the township and some of. the

trees are still bearing, having been graft-

ed. Many years afterward I found that

the higher ground was quite well adapted

to the growing of stone fruits. Peaches

and plums have been grown quite suc-

ceSSfully and cherries grow so well that

I have christened the place “Cherry Hill

Farm.”



After attending the common district

school during the winters, at the age of

20 I commenced teaching. Finding, how-

ever, that my health Would not stand in-

door work I abandoned teaching and turn-

ed my energies to farming. On the 25th

of March, 1863, I was married to Eleanor

M. Ballard, a beautiful young lady three

years my junior. Our wedding tour con-

sisted of a trip to the sugar bush. We

tapped 600 trees that year, and for sev-

eral years We celebrated the return of the

event by “sugaring off.” The sixth anni-

versary was celebrated by the advent of

our oldest living daughter, Angel May

having been called home at the age of

two years. On the thirtieth anniversary

many of our very dear friends gathered

at our home on the farm, leaving many

kind words and choice remembrances of

the occasion.



During the years of 1862 and '63 my

father built the large Stone house which

is still the main farm residence. It stands

on the rise of ground about 15 rods from

the highway, defying the tooth of time,

a fitting emblem of his craft and integ-

rity. Mother and father have both passed

over the mystic stream. Practically all





of the old neighbors are gone; one, who





is 92 years old, still lives several miles

away with a daughter.

comes to see me and we‘ enjoy talking

over the old times. Boys and girls, com-

panions of my early days, are nearly all

dead. None of them remain on the old

farms, the scenes of their early lives.



We, too, have moved into' the village

but still own'the farm. I have no desire

to sell it as I feel that I am too advanced

in years to think of embarking in any

other business and I am still intensely in-

terested in all that pertains to the farm

and farming. In fact, I reserved 10 acres

of fruit land, and gardened on part of it,

where the peach trees winter-killed, last

year, raising several hundred dollars’

worth of truck. The farm is leased to a

good tenant for a cash rental. My policy

has been to keep all the live stock that

the farm would support, and the contract

with the tenant calls for that and the

frequent seeding to clover in short rota.

tion. '



We have given up the farm home solely

on account of church and social privileges

and the modern home conveniences which

it would be hard to install in the country.



On the approach of our 50th anniver-

sary, last March, we sent invitations to

relatives and friends, about 75 of whom

gathered at our home in Sparta to help

us celebrate the event. A delightful lit-

erary and musical program added greatly

to the pleasure of the occasion; excep-

tionally interesting features were Carle-

ton's “Golden Wedding,” and a biograph-

ical sketch and history of the early days.

Kind neighbors brought for “the bride

that was" a beautiful gold watch, while

“the groom" received “a rocker with a

mission." Many other beautiful and ap-

propriate remembrances came from near-

by friends as well as from those in other

states, and the numerous kind and sincere

expressions of congratulation were ex—

tremely cheering, making us wish to pass

other milestones on our earthly pilgrimage.





lllllllllIlllllllllllllIlll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllmlllllImill!llllilllllllllllllllllllflllllllllmmllflllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllll|IIIllllIllIIIlllllllIll"Ill“ill!Ill|Illlllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





Rose of Paradise Valley.





By PEARLE WHITE MCCOWAN.





Paradise Valley. Barren and des-



olate, it was far from what its name

implied. Down among the hills the little

town huddled, just a few weather-beaten

“shacks" of houseS, with the usual north-

crn accompaniment of a “bowery.” two

saloons, and a general store with fly-

specked, finger-marked windows.



A wagon was drawn up before one of

the little “shacks,” and two men were

carefully carrying out a little pine box

which they gently deposited in the wag-

On and then climbed in themselves and

drove away. One of them held in his

hand a red geranium blOSSOm. He would

lay it on the little grave when all was

completed. There were no other flowers.

l‘aradise Valley folks didn't have money

to spend for flowers—not even on such

occasions as this.



Inside the house tw0 or three women

moved with noiseless steps about the

rooms, tidying up a bit here and there,

and glancing uneasily at the white-faced

woman on the bed. It was her child that

the men had just carried out to the wag-

on—the third that had gone that way in

less than four short years, and she—the

mother—not yet nineteen.



Even the peculiar blessedness of rap-

proaching motherhood had been largely

denied this child-woman. Her hungering

Spirit had been fed only on husks and

pain and diSCOuragement. For, when for

the first time her young spirit had begun

to soar with natural joy and wonder, she.

in her intense longing for sympathy, had

dared to breathe a little of this new-

found mystic joy to Mother Stone, her

husband's mother. But the smile of de-

rision that had followed, and the quick

passing on of her little attempt at confi-

dence to her sisters-in-law to be made

light of, had caused her cheeks to burn

with shame and her lips to close tightly

with the resolve never again to voice such

Sentiments to any living soul. To her

husband she could not turn. He was

rather more chagrlned at the thought of

another mouth to feed, and the work that

Rose would be unable to accomplish, than

otherwise. So the persistent little thrills

of joy were hugged tightly within her

own being and hidden from all others as

something of which she should have been

ashamed. But in her heart of hearts she

was not ashamed. She was glad—glad.





And then had come the disappointment.

Just one weak little cry—then silence,





S OME satirist must have christened it





and a tiny form borne away to the little

cemetery on the hill.



So when for the third time the mother

love had been stirred within her, her heart

was filled with fear and trembling, and

then fate—in derisive mockery, or was it

mercy?——allowed this little One to live for

three whole days. Three days Of wild,

hungering, pent-up mother-love, and then

it was all over once more. Only another

milestone to mark the pathway of her

life.



Slowly RoSe Stone came back to life

and its interests. Youth throws off its

sorrows easily, and hers was not a brood-

ing nature. In four weeks she was pick-

ing up potatoes until her back was well-

nigh breaking. In six weeks she was

managing one end of a cross-cut‘saw, her

husband at the other end. On Saturday

nights she danced until past midnight and

passed her poor little jokes and slangy

witticisms with more than usual bril-

liancy, to the great delight of her admir-

ers and the chagrin of her less popular

sisters-in-law.



Things had apparently settled back into

the old ' routine—apparently but not

quite. For some time the jeers of the

girls had been growing more annoying,

Mother Stone's nagging more exasperat-

ing, and Amos' utter unconcernedness

more unbearable. And one day, in a

passionate storm of rage and resentment,

she ran away from it all and hired out

as assistant cook in a lumber camp some

twenty miles distant.



That third babe, the child that had

lived for three days against her breast,

had awakened a womanhood that had

failed to respond to all else. She was no

longer a child to be trampled upon and

bent according to their several wills. She

was an independent human soul with a

life to live or mar. Indications just now

pointed to the latter. '



She worked well and conscientiously to

earn her pitiful littte wages, and flirted

outrageously and brazenly. It was as

though she had flung away all the re-

sponsibilities of wifehood. Daring, irrev-

erent and defiant, and more beautiful

than ever, she received the rough homage

and unqualified admiration of those north-

ern woodsmen.



News of her frequent conquests reached

Paradise Valley, and Amos, angered and

humiliated by the taunts of his people

and the rude jests of the men. and urged

by a loneliness in his own heart (for even





He sometimes '





’ sum. 13', 191:.





. r , . ' s .

AN OLD BUREAU DRAWER.





BY 15.1.. K. w.





In an ancient bureau drawer,

All along the years now passed,

Relics of both peace and war

Thoughtlessly have oft been cast.





Tumbled in conglomerate mass,

Here are trinkets—tops and toys,



Marbles, stones and bits of glass—

Once the source of childhood joys.





Here’s a charm and chain of mine,

Useless, ’mong the refuse thrown;

Once to me superbly fine,.

Now, di5carded and outgrown.





Buttons! buttons, not a few



In this bureau drawer are stored.

Some corroded, some like new,‘



In a wild; promiscuous hoard.





Here is one. known but too well,

On its face an eagle wrought;



Much of history it might tell,

Much of war, and battles fought.





One, among the rubbish cast,

Mutely speaks of years remote.

Taken at a time long past

From our, grandsire’s overcoat.





And our grandson, full of vim,

Threw a button in today,



Torn so recklessly from him

While engaged in boisterous play.





Thus, these trifles represent

Generations as they pass;_

Each and all the store augment,

Adding yearly to the mass.





’Mong all these. from first to last,

Naught We find worth seeking for;



Still, fond memories of the past

Hover ’round this bureau drawer.





 





men like Amos Stone may be lonely) set

out to “talk some sense into her." As

Well talk to the hitching post as to her at

this time. But it didn't matter; she saw

him coming and, snatching coat and scarf

from a nail, ran out of the house and

down one of the numerous winding roads

into the depths of the forest.



For ten minutes she pushed blindly on;

then the faint far-a—way whistle of a

locomotive struck on her senses and an

idea came into her head. She was near

the railroad, and by floundering through

snowdrifts and stumbling over logs and

underbrush she managed to reach the

track just as the engine rounded the curve

half a mile away. The scarf, hastily un-

wound from her head. served as a flag,

and in a few moments she was seated

~within a dirty car and steaming away

from the camp——and Amos.



There had been no hesitancy about flag-

ging the train. The rules of the L. & N.

E, (only a little lumbering spur branch-

ing off from the main. road) were very

elastic. Aunt Lidy Ann, the Irish cook

at one camp, had been known to flag the

train merely to charge ”the whole bloom—

in’ crew” with the importance of bring-

ing her home a teakettle when they re-

turned next day from the Junction.



Rose paid her fare to the Junction (she

had luckily placed her little purse in her

cloak pocket that very morning, intending

to Send'into town for some needed arti-

cles of clothing) and then lay back and

tried to plan. Once at the Junction, what

should she do? PuSh on to another lum-

ber camp, Or go to the city and try to

find work? (Oh, poor tempest-tossed

child, the lumber woods has temptations

galore for such as you, but the city holds

infinitely more).



But even as she tried to plan the train

made a longer stop than usual at one of

the little clearings, and, seized by a sud-

den impulse, Rose hastily snatched up

her scarf and left the car. The buildings

were old and unpainted. There wasn't

even a store, but at the largest of the

houses there were white muslin curtains,

and plants, and at the door a pleasant-

faced woman stood and called out a

cheery greeting to a child across the way.

It was to this woman that Rose went.





(Surely God was leadin her).

Her inquiry for wor brought» prompt

and glad response. “Well, now, who'd





ever thought such luck would come to

me. and this mornin', too, when I’m clane

up to my ears in work?" ejaculated Mrs.

McDowell as she closely scrutinized the

fair yOung face.



“Come in. come in," she continued in

her cheeriest tone. “Vi'hy sure, an' I'll

give you somethin' to do, jest as quick

as you’ve rested a mite and warmed yer-

self a bit here by the fire."



So Rose was soon busily engaged help-

ing. Mrs. McDowell. This was not a

lumber camp prOper, that being about

five miles distant, and as there was to

be only a. small cutting of logs at this

place, for'various reasons it had not been

deemed wise to take a woman cook out:

there. One of “the boys" cooked their

“pertaters” and meat. and washed and

wiped their dishes, but to Mrs. McDowell,



(Continued on page 224).
SEPT. 13, 1913.





TO A LITTLE MAID.





 





BY ARTHUR W. PEACH.





es with winSOme beauty

Esliver shining through,

Dreaming not of magic

Years will bring to you

W'hen, as you grow older,

A lover comes to woo——

Ah! if I might some day

Be that lover true!





As I watch them .brightly

Looking into mine

\Vith a little lovelight .

Just for friendship’s Sign,

I vow that I would shield them

From all that’s dark to view,

If I could only always

Be thy lover true.





Though we often stumble

As we go life through,

Love I hope will lead you

\Vhere rough spots are few;

I wish that I might ever

Guide you sure and true;

But you—ah, me—are seven,

And I am—sixty-two!





 





OLD FRIENDS.





 





BY LOU D. STEARNS.





Johnny had been to the circus. His

hands were dirty,’ his cheek had a big

smudge across it, his hair was rumpled

and his shining new quarter had been

exchanged for pop-corn, lemonade and

peanuts. But his eyes were like stars

and his red lips were all a—smile.



“\Yell,” his mother asked, as he came

dancing in, “were you disappointed, son?”



His eyes grew even bigger. “Oh, no!”

he cried. “Mother, did you eve-r go?”



She nodded. “I expect,” she said, “you

saw a lion?” .



“Yes—sir-ee.” Johnny threw himself

down on the rug by Rover. “Not one,

but four of ’em,” he declared excitedly,

“and they growled and growled until your

back got all sort of creepy. You know.”



He crossed his arms under his head.

“You ought to have gone, too,” he said.

“They had three rings, and something

was going on all the time. You couldn't

begin to see it all. My eyes felt all

twisted trying to keep track of ’em.

There was the funniest clown, mother,

and it seemed as if he was looking right

at me all the time."



His mother smiled. “I suppose,”

replied, “you saw lots of animals also.

always liked the animals best.”



“Oh, yes.” His breath came fast.

“There were tigers and bears, and ele-

phants that looked as big as the side of

a house. I tell you. I’d be afraid to meet

one of them on the street.”



Mrs. Day nodded appreciatively. “They

are pretty big,” she said, “and strong,

tom—Strong enough to lift a man with

their trunk, or kill him with their tasks;

but they are generally very obedient and

can be taught to do many things, even to

picking up so small a thing as a pin.”



“He must eat an awful lot," wonder-

ingly, “to grow so big."



“He likes leaves and branches of trees,"

his mother replied. “and when he is





she

I





THE "MICHIGAN FA‘RM'ER





his eyes were just like fire.

OWn him." ,



Rover gave a soft little whine and began

to thump his tail vigorously.



“You old chump!” cried Johnny,throw-

ing his arms about him. “You’re jealous.

Why, I wouldn't swap you—not for every

one of ’em, horses and all!”



He snuggled his head against the shag-

gy coat. “Old friends—are~—best," he

droned; and the next minute he was faSt

asleep. '





I’d like to





THE FIELD OF STARS.





BY 2. I. DAVIS.

Half way between the north and south

poles runs an equator that divides the

sky into northern and southern hemis-





 





 





 





“Lemm





 





tial hemisphere makes it revolutions. Ev-

ery twenty-four hours the Dipper makes

a circuit of the pole.



There are seven planets—Venus, Jupi-

ter, Saturn, Mars, Neptune, Uranus and

Mercury. Some mistake these for stars.

because of their brightness.



Planets are dark bodies that borrow

their light from the sun. Stars are like

our suns and shine only by their own

light. Only four planets are visible to

the naked eye. Neptune and Uranus can .

only be seen through a telescope. Mer-i

cury is so near the sun that it is almosti

invisible to the ordinary observer.



Capella, a star of the first magnitude,

and one of the twenty brightest stars, is

visible every night during the year and

is only forty degrees from the center of





e He'p.”





 





Only a few of the stars south of

Among

Rigel,





pheres.

the equator are visible to us.

those, the best known are Spica,

Antares, Sirius and Formalhaut.

Out of the millions of stars that are

moving through space there are twenty





which are classed by themselves because





of their superior light. Nearly all of them

have individual names. Each one has its

appointed place in the heavens, and they

are all knOWn as‘fixed stars.



Comets come and go. Meteors flash be-

fore our eyes and then are gone to re-

turn no more. The moon waxes and

wanes, but the stars remain unchanged

throughout the years,



Each one of the twenty fixed stars is

the leading one in some figure of either





one of the celestial hemispheres. The

Great Dipper is a constellation of

which we are more familiar, perhaps,

than any other. One reason is that it is





eaSily seen on a clear night in every sea-

son. lt contains one of the brightest





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





. Having Fun on the Farm—Mr. J. M. Purdy, of Livingston County, and his Inter-

. estlng Family of Nieces and Nephews.





 





thirsty he draws the water into his trunk

and then pours it into his mouth. But

what else did you see. my son?“



“Oh,” eagerly, “there were wolves, and

bears, and monkeys. And, oh," Sitting

very straight, “at zebra, mother. My

eyes, but he was great! All black and

white stripes, And didn’t he gallop and

prance! VVhy—seemed as if all four of

his feet came off the ground at once, and





 





 





stars in the firmament, with the excep-

tion of the brightest twenty.



This well known-figure is a part of a

still larger constellation known as the

Great Bear or Ursa Major. Seven is call-

ed a perfect number. The Dipper is out-

lined by seven principal stars.



Careful observation will enable one to

locate Polaris or the North Star. It

marks the place around which the celes-





the revolution of the hemisphere above.

Authorities have declared that it is one

of the most brilliant in the north. It is

more prominent during the early part of

the evening in August and hangs like a

jewel in the sky through the fall and late

winter. It is the evening star during

October and its appearance above the

horizon Occurs just as the sun is setting.

Its color is similar to that of our sun, a.

rich yellow. Although its light travels at

the rate of 186,000 miles a second, it re-

quires forty years for its beams to fall on

the earth.





A TIPPLER AMONG THE BIRDS.





 





   





] l-‘-223





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613‘





 





 





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E : rgarkl BOSTON

aid 03 T C (1'



”SH Bids!m fm 1.32331, i303;





 





 





TWO PRICES





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Why not buy the Best when you can

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surpass anything ever pro.





 

 





”07





 

 

 

 





n





 





BY ORIN E. CROOKE'R.





Birds, as well as people, have bad hab-

its. One such habit, which converts cer-

tain otherwise useful birds into a menace,

is that of puncturing the bark and sup-

carrying tissue of trees in order to get at

the juices and the soft giclTy-likc cambium

wor vital. cell—forming material ~w‘i1ich

lies outside of the wood proper-and in-

side of the inner bark. The Woodpeckers

constitute the only'family of birds guilty

of this deprcdation, and only a small

group of them carry this

point where it becomes a real source of

injury. These are the sapsuckers, three

varieties of which are found in this coun-

try, although only one of them. the yel-I

low-bellied, is widely distributed both east





The sapsuckers are real tipplcrsflboring‘

holes through the bark of growing treeSi





in order to sip the sap that gathers in'

them. An individual of the yellow-bellied

variety was once obserVed to remain

within a yard of some of its holes in a,

maple tree from 10 a. m, to 5:00 p. m.

drinking the sap at frequent intervals.’

Incidentally, he probably picked up a

good many ants attracted by the sweet-l

ish liquid which collected in the punc-

tures, but his chief concern appeared to





l



1



be the sap. i

Probably there. is scarcely any orchardl





or yard that does not contain several

trees that show the marks of this bird.

Oftentimes his so-called “gimlet holes"





will be found so numerous as to have ac-

tually girdled the tree. l-le attacks fruit

trees, elms, maples, oaks—almost any‘

tree, in fact, that strikes his fancy. The

damage he does because of his tippling

habit is so extenSive that experts believe

he cannot by any means consume enough

injurious insects to make the balance

swing in his favor. And in this regard he

is in a class‘quite by himself, since the

other woodpeckers have been demonstrat-

ed to eat enough insect enemies, both of

fruit and other trees, to much more than

compensate for their borings in the limbs





 





v fiN—vo





habit to the,





and west of the MissiSSippi. i





 

 

 

 

 





duced. Suva enough on I

single stove to buy your

winter's fuel. Thirty dnys

free trial in your own home

. before. you buy. Send postal

'- tod‘ay for large free

catalog and riceo.

W" State St. Marlon. Ind.





SHINAWAR Direct from Manu-





iaciurerio Consumer





You can save money and get. the greatest assortment

of FINE CHINA to select. from. if you write to us

about. our new plan of selling china direct. to the user.

Chamber Sets. Toilet Sets. Dinner Sets. Break-

fast Sets—everything different from what you can

buy at home. and none but. the best. Write today.





HOFF G MARTIN,

Crockery Denlen, 123 Englewood Ave.. Detroit, Mich.





 

   





Hoosier Stove Co.





 





 





 





Young Man — Would You [locum

and wear a fine tuilormagle suit: just for showmg It

to your friends? Or a slipon raincoat free? Could

you use $5 a day for a little spare time? (Perhaps

we'can give you a steady Job at good pay). Then

Write us at once and get beautiful 3am les, styles.

and an offer so ood that you can hard y believe it.

NNEB TAILORIN 09.. Dopt. 494 . Chicago





 





 





 





Ontario Veterinary College





Temperance Street. Toronto.

Affiliated with the University of Toronto

under the control of the Department of and

Agriculture of Ontario.





College Ro-opons October Int, 1913.

N. B.-—Calondar on application.



& A. GRANGE. V. 5.. M. Sc . Princlpnl/

‘ ANTED FOR I’. B. ARMY—AbIe-bodied. un-



married men between ages [8 and 35; citizens of

U. S. or have first. papers; of good character and

temperate habits, who can speak. read and write the

1mg ish language; good pay. food. lodging. clothing

and medical attendance free. For information apply

at BecrmtlnfiStahon, 212 Griswold St.. Detroit, Mich.

Heavenrich. lock, Saginaw, Mich. 144 W. Main St...

Jackson. Mich. lst & Saginaw Sis, Flint. Mich.





Huron dz Quav Sta, Po t. H , M eh. 28 N. S ‘

Biz. Pontiac, Michigan? uron K aglnaw





[EARN





 

 

 





 





 





 





 





Business. Bhorthand, ’l‘ea<hing, Engineer-





 





ing. etc. Tuition Free. Board a. d

52.60 a week. Books rented. Opens Oct. '7,n 02°51?

HUMBOIJYI‘ COLLEGE. Humboldt. Iowa.





 





 





 





10 Days FREE





Our new 1914 Vacuum Cleaner nothin b



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gotabli-Suéauon (doublewOWcr), posltgivclay 22333068

Jr an germs. Guaranteed 5 years. Sent to you



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v express prepaid. We want no m ' ri -

‘ Don t cost {cent to try it in yougniigni: 810332;:-

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‘ s. A Paola! Card brings our spacial clef.

Warner V-cuum Cleaner Co.

boat. 28. Manolo. lndlaul
You can snake the old worn-out tin, iron.

steel, felt or gravel roof give you as much





aerv as a new roof and you end

the life of that old shingle roof.





RO0F_ Cures Root





Troubles





and keeps them cured. Cost slight. One coat

does the work. In black and red. Ready for

nee. Absolutely guaranteed to do the work.

Write at once to: the tree Roof Book.





6. E. BOIKEY I}... 3339 Woodland AV... CM“ 0“.





 





 





 





 





 





 





Crush ear corn (with or without

ehgcks) and grind all kinds at

gr a.





Stock Tho-Iva Best

on around Food





Bomber Hills are differently con-

etructed from others. um rpm-tn;

—Iundyto o Pte In 10 sizes





 

   

   

   

   

 

 

   

   

 

 

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

 

 





   





 

 





Sweep Gri





ol val-

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D. N. P. BMIIIR co.

South Bend. Ind.





WEBER l





FOUR-CYLINDER, 35 II. P.





 





 





 





 





 





TRACTOR “a ' l



The sensation of the

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I_‘ I’— I

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from llill in this etetefloweetprices.

lo salesmen. Established over 80

years. Write for full lculue.

BRUNS POWD R CO.

1"!!! MAINE. INDIANA-





 





All.

MODERN





 





Imrnovt- sail-Bearing

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THE MICHIGAN FARMER





“Doll” Cement

Fence, Posts





 





For Farm and

Vineyard Use

Six "D6 A" Posts Made at Once





Cort Less Than [6 Cent: Each.

During spare time you can soon





 





snake all the poets you require.

“D&A" Concrete , Posts are ...

strongest. cheapest best, a





 





permanent investment. and any

farmer can afford to buy the



"D&A" at our low dinette-you prices. or

several can club together. Make “D&A“ Posts

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use ‘ D&A" Molds. So will you.





We GUARANTEE every "D&A" Mold: sells

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Box 126, Three Rivers, Mich.





DICKELMAN Extra

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Cheaper Than Wood or Slate

100 Percent Better Than Either





 





 





 





 





   

 





 





 

 

 

 





   





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Positively roof against fire. lightnin . Windstorm

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EXTRA best quality olpen hearth plates. It you

want a. perfect roof at a ow cost put on





DICKELMAN EXTRA

“CLUSTER” SHINGLES





If your dealer does not handle them‘ write us di.

root—don't accept any cheap substitute.

DICKBLMAN MANUFACTURING COMPANY

65 Oormley 81.. Forest, Ohle.

We also make Corrugatod,V-crim d and Roll Roofing.

Ask for catalog an prices.





LOOK HERE! Do you wani a Bill MlllliEll?

l I will out your name neatly on Brass (one inch let-

ters) and send to any address. poetpeld. on receipt

of 25 cents. if more than 10 letters in name 2 cents

for each letter extra. Send all orders to J

A. H. BRAUNLICH. Ida. Mich.





BU SHEL C RAl'I'ES‘S‘e'fifiafi'éf‘





O. S. BUSH. Mason. Michigan.





 





 





 





‘ ii McCormick Husker and

For Sale—One six ro





 





A $50 MACHINEM$19





New Model with Bell Bearing Head and Stand—Automatic Tension

Release—Automatic Lift Drop Heed—High Ann—Oak or Walnut Table.





:f For $7 extra we will send. the $19 machine with automatic lift in a hand-

i





We prepay freight to any freight station east of the Mississippi River, or

You cannot afford to buy a machine until you have l

I sent for our handsome illustrated free catalog, printed in colors. . y

’ . THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, Michigan. .I





 





 





Shredder in Ad condition. newly painted

price 8160. J. M. MoPABREN, Rapid City, Mich.





 





 





We Pay the Freight

8"“ ow 90 Days’ Trial





All



new model, im-

Michigan Farmer

machine has cam

take up, giving

better control of the

thread and makingabet-

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backwards will not break

the thread. It has high-

est arm, disc tension, au-

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with loose band wheel,

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fluaranteed for 20 Years.





and money refunded if not satis-

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Our

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sewing

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first-class in every particular,

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Same machine wlthoutthe au-

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and trunksof trees, which we all know

they do to a considerable extent.



Unless one is fairly well versed in bird

life one should not undertake the destruc~

tion of the capsucker members of the

woodpecker family. It is possible in so

doing to innocently slaughter useful spe-

cies. Still, it is not difficult to identify

the sapsuckers. If one lives east of the

Rocky mountains there is but one species

with which to become familiar. This is

the yellow-bellied variety, and he is read-

ily told by two characteristics, one of

which is the red spot on ‘the front of his

head, reaching from bill to crown; the

other the black patch on his throat. In

addition to these distinguishing marks the

male has a red splotch under his chin—~

just forward of the black spot already

mentioned. The yellowish tinge on the

belly is not ordinarily distinguishable ex-

cept at close range.



The great majority of woodpeckers seen

about one's orchard and lawn are not

sapsuckers but useful species which,

while they may bore a hole in a tree or

help themselves now and then to fruit or

grain, destroy enough injurious insects to

more than make full compensation for

the damage done to the trees.





PR‘ESERVING AUTUMN LEAVES.





 





' BY CHARLOTTE BIRD.



The season of frosts is at hand, when

the leaves of our forest trees will be

painted in their most gorgeous hues. If

these colors could only be preserved as

they shine on the trees—the reds, the

yellows, the russets, the olive greens!

But. after all, green is quieting, as a.

color with which to live the whole year

around, it is probably preferable.



Not all parts of the United States know

these rich (autumn leaf-colorings—only

those places where the brisk frost catches

the leaves in their freshness before the

natural dimness of decay has set in. In

places where the frost comes very late,

or not at all, there is a gradual fading of

the leaf without any beauty and it finally

drops off.



To a large extent, however, the autumn

leaves, with all their loveliness of color—

ing, can be preserved, and for h0use and

table decoration in winter nothing could





ROSE OF PARADISE VALLEY.

(Continued from page 222).





at home, fell the lot of baking for the

camp. Thus every day the supply team

came in empty and went back loaded

with fresh loaves of bread and pies and

cookies and cakes, for it was Hiram Mc-

D0well’s boast that men in his camps

“allus had good feed."



Rose’s respect and admiration for Mrs.

McDowell increased with each successive

day. Uneducated and illiterate, this wom-

an yet possessed a fineness of spirit and

a. strength of character that appealed

strongly to the girl with her still un-

formed ideals. Instinctively she modified

her slang, (Mrs. McDowell, though un—

grammatical in speech, was seldom

slangy) and, though the men who came

in from the camp from day to day were

gruff fellows, Rose somehow felt that they

also came under the Spell of Mrs. Mc-

Dowell’s influence and made their jokes 3.

little less coarse and punctuated their

conversation with a few less oaths when

they were within range of her ears.



Early in the first week of her stay the

youngest of Mrs. McDowell’s sons came

tramping in for a night at home. A

slight, wiry, curly-headed youngster of

sixteen, with laughing eyes and a mas-

culine duplicate of his mother’s cheery

voice.



A few days later two others came in—

and Rose was conscious of a sense of dis-

appointment. She had half expected—oh,

well, what had she expected anyhow?

They were no worse, no better, than oth-

ers she had known. All, products of the

lumber camps. (A mother doesn't have

much chance to mold a boy’s future, when

at three or four years the father, and

others of like caliber, teach him to swear

because it sounds funny, or to strut

about with a pipe in his mouth for the

amusement of the “gang.” Most likely

at ten or twelve he can take his quib

with the rest Of them. and at fourteen or

fifteen he’ll be proud of his ability to rip

out oaths that would startle many a con-

firmed blasphemer, besides being able to

drain his glass with the ease of an old

toper).





Another week rolled by, and another,





'and another, and Rose learned many a





lesson in self control and fortitude from

the kindly Mrs. McDowell with her Sound

common sense and wisdom. The young-





 





.est son had not been in since that first





saw. 13, 3.91:. p





.be more harmonious and. beautiful. At





Christmas and other festive seasons it is

possible tohave them in‘ abundance and

at a cost of time. labor and money 8.1-

most too inconsiderable to reckon.



.For preservation, no leaves could be

more beautiful than our common gorgeous

and ever-varying maples; no two leaves

are ever exactly alike, But the sumach,

and also some blackberry and dewberry

leaves, are particularly beautiful. The

latter may be found in lovely wreathes on

their own stems and might be preserved

so. Que who has a keen. searching eye

will find many beautiful leaves.



The leaves which it is desired to pre-

serve should be gathered as soon as the

colors have developed in all their beauty.

They should be prepared at code by lay-

ing on a smooth, firm surface and care—

fully smoothing them out. Then on a.

moderately warm iron smear paraffine

plentifully and pass the iron carefully

over the leaves on both sides; every part

of the leaf must be covered with the par-

afi‘lne. This will give the leaves a beau-

tiful polish and also serve as a. coat of

protection; it will preserve the leaves in-

definitely in all their original beauty.



Some people like these leaves with a.

frost finish. This can easily be given by

sprinkling powdered alum over the still





warm and soft waxy par-affine coat. Many'





others, however, will prefer their leaves

more nearly as nature has colored them.



After the leaves have been prepared

they should be shut up in an airotight

box to await the occasiOn of their uSe.

This will keep them from becoming brok-

en and will still further preserve their

beauty. When ready to use, the leaves

may be made into wreaths or arranged on

the walls or table in any fancy shapes

desired. '



In these days of the high cost of liv-

ing, when everything tends to the prac-

tical and the material, even the beauties

of nature are turned to money account.

To one living Within reach Of a city mar-

ket, autumn leaves, prepared according

to the directions given, would command

an unlimited financial return. On ac-

count of their superior adaptability in

decoration, and also their attractive col-

oring, they might easily be preferred to

the mistletoe or the ubiquitous holly.





llllllllllllllllllllIllMilllllIllllllllIllIlllllllIlllllllIlllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllIllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllIIIlllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllIlllIllllllllllflllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll llllllllllllIlllIlllllllllllllllllllllll





week, and Rose felt instinctively that his

mother was growing anxious. Her eyes

ll€ld an uneasy look when his name was

mentioned. .

Then one day they brought him in and

laid him on the bed. lie had started to

walk home and had fallen in the road,





and there. the supply team had found

him. Someone had broken the rules

again and smuggled whiskey into the





camp—and this was one of the results.



An hour later the father happened in.

Himself a drinking man, one who boast-

ed that he could take his whiskey

straight, and keep his head, 'too, he’d

never been drunk—in the sense in which

this boy was drunk—in his life. One 'by

one he’d seen his other sons in like con-

dition, and finally his hopes had centered

on this one, their youngest——who some—

how was different, more like his mother

—;md with blind, unreasoning hope he

had tried to believe that this demon

curse 0f the north woods would paSS his

youngeSt by. So in the wild passion of

his rage and disappointment he made the

air blue with blasphemy. The mother,

her mute white face bearing testimony to

her own breaking heart, was very tender

with him now. It takes a wonderful dis-

comment to understand that when the

heart of a man of his stamp is sorely

wounded, he can only take refuge in

greater oaths and more terrible profanity.



That night, while tears streamed down

her cheeks, Rose thanked God that her

own three baby sons lay over in the little

cemetery on the hill. She felt, for the

first time, that it was better so.



Two days later, her heart still boiling

with the injustice of it all, in a moment

of stormy indignation brought on by sev—

eral most exasperating oaths from one of

the younger McDowells, the question that

had been trembling in her heart for days

came out.



“Mrs. McDowell," she burst forth, in

passionate resentful tones, “How' in the

world do you stand this? I couldn’t. I

wouldn’t!” She stormed and stamped her

foot in impotent rage. “I’d cut and run,

and leave the whole bunch of 'em.”



But the look that the older woman cast

upon her, as she stood silent and reSent-

ful after her outburst, caused the hot





blood to mount quickly to her cheeks

while a mingled sense of shame and de—

fiance rose within her.



“Ef the Lord gives you a home,” said

McDowell slowly, meaSuring her





Mrs.





 





3.4





 





 





 





i

l

l
3,4





““9





 





 





 





 





I

I

r

l

I

l





. the parting,





SEPT. 13, 1913:





words, “and~ folks in it to take care of—

and they—they—donft do jest as you’d

like to hev‘ ’em.” she hurried chokingly

on, “it won't help matters eny for you to

‘cut and run'. It's your place to—to ’stand'

by the ship—and that’s what l‘m agoin’

to do. Thar shan‘t nobody ever say that

Mollie McDowell has shirked her duty. As

long as the Lord gives me strength and

health I'll do my part—and that’s to DPS-Y

and hope—and keep this home agoih'.”



Awed and silenced by the magnificent

courage shining through this woman’s

suffering, Rose turned away and went to

work,'but she kept those words in her

heart and pondered over them for many

a day. Then one morning she electrified

her employer by the simple straight-for-

ward announcement, “I’m going home to—

morrow. I've been thinking about what

you said, and I’m going back ‘to keep

my home agoin’ to.”



She had not mentioned home before,

and if Mrs. McDowell had had her sus—

picions she had kept them to herself.

That is due of the .traits of the lumber

woods people. They take a man—or a

woman—for what they are worth and ask

no questions about their past. But now,

at a kindly inquiry or two, Rose’s w-‘~ole

pitiful story came tumbling out. The

uncengenial husband, the nagging moth-

er-in-law and tantalizing girls, her hopes

her dreams, and her three little ones—all

the pent-up trials and joys of years pour-

ed forth for once into understanding, sym-

pathetic ears. And Mrs. McDowell, in

her kindly wisdom, advised, encouraged

and strengthened. Then finally, just at

she pressed her own well—

worn little teStament into Rose's hands,

and kissed her and wished her well.



Thus it was that she who had gone

out in angry rebellion came back again,

determined to do the task that God had

appointed unto her to do. Thus it was

that Amos, returning from late chore-s,

saw a light in his own window where for

weeks there had been darkness, and, go-

ing to investigate, remained at first to

chide and blame, and later to set him

down by his own fireside to smoke, while

a comfortable sense of peace stole over

him. ‘



Of course her old tormentors renewed

their sneers and their revilings with more

than usual vigor, for now they had her

desertion to throw in her face. as well as

her youthand inexperience. But through

it all she strove earnestly to preserve her

own dignity and kindliness. How long

she would have held out God alone

knows. But He; in the infiniteness of

His wisdom, and knowing the frailty of

human hearts, when the torture was

growing almost too strong sent just the

steadying influence that her young heart

needed.



It came about through another of those

tragedies with which the north Woods

country abounds. A young Ohioan had

come the year before, with his wife and

two young children, and homesteaded a

piece of land a few miles back from Par-

adise. Failing to raise their year’s sup-

plies from off the little clearing, he had

been obliged, like many another settler,

to seek employment in the lumber woods.

Here, unused as he was to woodsman‘s

methods, he had miscalculated somehow

—a log had rolled and he hadn't jumped

quite quick enough. “'hen they brought

him in, all crushed and lifeless, his wife's

heart. always weak, had suddenly ceased

its beating also.



80 two little children were left alone,

and the cry of their desperate need

reached Rose’s Hungry mother heart. Op-

position and antagOniSm of husband and

relatives only served to strengthen her

purpose. The children came—and found

a warm place in her heart and home. She

mothered them, and loved them, wisely

and well, and time itself proved the wis-

dom of her work.



Today if you drive through Paradise

Valley you will perchance notice one

house where the scanty curtains are a





little whiter, the yard 3 little cleaner. the '





grass a little greener,- and even God’s

sun seems to shine a little brighter as it

touches the red-brown hair of a woman

who gazes tenderly after two half-grown

children trudging sturdily away to school.

The old world’s a little better. Paradise

is a little cheerier place to live in, two

young souls are coming on to useful

lives—and all because one woman, in

spite of lack in others. determined to do

her part and “keep her home agoin'."





 





A POSSIBLE REAS-CN.





. BY JOHN E. Donsnn.

A pygmy mind. working in narrow groove.

May sometimes distance giants intel-

lectual;

Its smallness makes

eflectual

In dodging obstacles it Cannot move.





- \





its efforts more





 





THE M'ICHI





'GAN 'FhRMER





-

“‘1





. To Save Blow-Outs





II On No-Rim- Cut Tires We Spend $ 1 , 500 Daily

' No Other Tire Maker Does That





13—225





1





i

i





 





 





~ saved tire users millions





shaped like inner tubes.

road conditions.





doesn’t wrinkle.





This “On-Air Cure,”—done to save

blow-outs—costs us $1,500 daily. And

no other maker employs it.



It is one of the three features—used

in No-Rim-Cut tires alone—which have





It is one of the three reasons why

No—Rim-Cut tires far outsell any other.





All these tires are final-vulcanized on air bags,

They are cured under





Cured in this way-on elastic air—the fabric

Every inch shares the strain.





rubber rivets.

izcd en masse.





No





of (10113“ With clincher





rim-cutting ruins





accountants.





No





Then the whole tire is vulcan-





Then rim-cutting is made impossible by a

method which we control.





is proved by careful statistics gathered by public





We save all that ruin.

trol is the only satisfactory way known to do this.





In No-Rim-Cut tires you get these three fea-





 





 





In no other tire is this thing





done to prevent tread separation.





Rim-Cutting





tires—the hooked-base tires—

almost one tire in three. This





And the way we con-





Extra Price





tures which no other





 





All other tires are

vulcanized on iron cores

alone. The fabric often

wrinkles. See the pic-

ture. This wrinkled fab-

ric shares no strain, and

that leads to countless





blow—outs.





Loose Treads





Tread separation near

the breaker strip is an-

other costly ruin.



We use for this strip

—at the base of the tread





ric wrinkles unless tires

are cured on air. ‘ is

wrinkled fabric hon no

strain at. cl .

main cause of blow-outs.





   

   

 





.u: l}





. Illilllll





Thicshows how the fab-





hot's the





maker uses. You save

blow-outs, save loose

treads; and you end rim-





cutting completely.





Yet these tires now,

because of mammoth

output, cost you no extra

price. No standard tire

made without these fea-

tures costs less than No-

Rim-Cut tires.



That is why No-Rim-

Cut tires hold the leader-

ship of Tiredom. No





other tire in all the world





 





 





 





—-a patent fabric which

is woven with hundreds





 





 





of quarter - inch holes.

The tread rubber is forced

down through these





 





Gooofiiéglz





No-Rim-Cut Tires





With or Without Non-Skid Treads





has nearly so many users.





And you will be one

of this army of users

when you once make a

mileage comparison.





Our dealers are every-

where.





 





 





holes, forming countless





Branches and Agencies in 103 Principal





THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY, AKRON, OHIO

More Service Stations Than Any Other Tire

We Make All Kinds of Rubber Tires. Tire Accessories and Repair Outfits

Main Canadian Office, Toronto, Ont—Canadian Factory, Bowmanville, Ont.





Cities For Sale by All Dealer:





(1337





 





 





 





Two Year Course in Agriculture





Odered at the





Michigan Agricultural college





Thirty Weeks of Special Training

for the Practical Farmer.





Work Begins November 3, I9I3.





No Entrance Examination.

Candidates must be at least 17 years of ago.





Total cost for 15 weeks need not exceed $100. Excel-

lent equipment and. laboratory facilities. Our in-

structors are specialists in their respective lines.



3000 young men have taken advantage of our Short

Courses in A riculture.



For Circu ar givin

coming this work. on also





Regular Courses,

Beginning September 22. which include

AGRICULTURE, ENGINEERING, HOME ECONOMICS,

FORESTRY, and VETERINARY MEOIDINE, address



President .I. L. Snyder,

East Lansing, Mich.





FertilizerSalcsmenWanlcd





Thoroughly reliable. energetic, competent sales-





com lobe information con-

atalog of our





 





Ohio. Mon accustomed to handling tomor- pro-

forred. Well established lino. Advancement and

permanent position to right parties. Write ago.

experience. references. “lax-y expected and full

particulars in first. letter. Address



SALES MANAGER. Box 334. Michigan Former.





In and Noun Innis at (loco Nails ll; frail:





I! you need the none I can show you how to make it.

w. n. noon. on in. Avenue. Detroit. meal.“





 





 





men, to cell fertilisers in Central Michigan and‘





Samp’s WagOn Loader





Is a money and labor saver. for the Farmer and City



Contractor. This Loader will load u manure. sand



and gravel. with the combination of ork and scoop,



there are a number of 1. see on in use now, they

ive plea-foot. satisfaction. and also strictly guaranteed

or w ich they are intended.





MORE AGENTS WANTED.





Write for circulars and particulars.





Bills. 8. 8MP, 2 Forest In" Ilolroil, Mich.





YOUR MONEY “It? 5%





if invested with this Society. Interest paid





 





 





 





semi-annually. Lot ushave your name and

address and we will tell you of the advan-

tages offered by this Society which has been

doing business for over twenty years.



The Industrial Savings Society,





219 Hammond Bldg" Detroit. Mic .

I. ROY WATERBURY. Pres AUSTIN N. KIMMIS. Secy,





 





ALE or EXCHANGE—Old established hardware and

in lenient business with 313:5!) ug-to-date build-

ing w ich can be bought or rent . I .nve owned and

run the same for the past. 12 years. Business has grown

better each year, no old stock. will take some land

it put in at saleable prices. you deal with owner. ood

reason for selling. I". N. Sharp, Ossinn. Wells 00.. nd.





FIRMS All] FIHN [AIDS

_ Hill SALE llll EXEIIAIGE





FOB Sale—Form of 76 mu, no mileo from Detroit, large nine

room house. 8 bun. hog. com and hen hon-ea, rich loom

soil,“ bargain prions-u term. Prod lilac. New Hudson.Mich.





cur IE! 19.55.53.” IIII. ....M;;.“‘...:°°3.iz°..3

borne. M of

addicts loBurnoy t 0.3.?“ Hand-Bldg" ChicogoJll





 





 





 





 





MICHIGAN FARMING LANDS





Near Saginaw and Bay City, in Gladwin and Midland

Counties. Low prices: Easy terms: Clear title. Write

for maps and particulars. STAFFELD BROTHERS.

15 Merrill Building. Saginaw. (W. 8.). Michigan.





 





' and unim loved lands in Delaware.

FN‘hl. F'm‘ diversifl turning livo ctock. de-

licious fruits and ideal homes. for information

oddrcso. State Bond of Agriculture. Dover. Delaware.





Other Business Forces This Great Bargain





79% acres: 7-roozn house: paper-ed, painted, also

two large barns: fruit. 12 acres wood and timber.

watered best. 2% miles to railroad town. M mile

school. $1210. if each. HALL'S FARM AGENCY.

Owego. Tiogn Co.. New York.





NEAR TRAVERSE CITY 120 ACRES





Water frontage. Fruit and potato section. Good build-

ings and stock all go. 1 am gettin too old to farm.

Price right. L.A. InnisJ'IZ Griswold t..Detroit,Mich.





F0“ SAL -Blt?:-Acr(ta Fati'm. lg) cullltivated‘.l :mnll

am 0 we or. we a. goo or o

lO-room house with collar. 32144 basement born argd

other buildings. on good road. 1 mile to school. church

and store. A bargain because owner is old and has

other interests. The buildings are worth the

price. J. M. McFARREN. Rapid City. Mich.





Ogomaw 00., Mich., Cut

Over Hard Wood Lands.





Ad'aoent to Rose City on D. &M. R. R. f

ohdap. For particulars address. or sale





JOCOB SCHWARTZ. Saginaw. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





Hickory Grove Farm—$5 per acre. One mile from

' village. railroad and cronmcry. 177 acres. 30 cores

timber. some nice fields. Mince spring watered

pasture: tilloble. Good ton zoomed house with fur-

nace. telephone. bestopring water piped into kitchen.

Largo lawn. fine diode. largo born. cox-out door. lilo-

running water that will hoop milk from Mini or

sawmirndsimwmma-r..." reels-as

. rm . we



Ontfltono boy this ”coon. Now 5





of stock ill r mo . linker.

Iguroo. galleriigorathm and tool:

J. A. Converse. owner. I. . Alba. Eord 00., Pg.
SEPT. 13, “1913.





 





I





 





.‘l,ll.i.' Hlll





 





 





Mr. Thoughtful: ‘ ‘Hello, Anty!

D’ye see what I’m doing?

Making a Fireless Cooker for

Mandy. My landl—-we won’t

have to keep a fire for any-

thing any more, what with

cooking in this contraption

and doing washing and all the

other work with Fels-Naptha

Soap and cool or lukewarm





water.





Mandy buys Fels-





Naptha by the box.”





The Weekly





wash is the hard—

est work a woman

can do unless she

uses Fels-Naptha

Soap and makes

her work easy.





Fels—Naptha





works best in cool

or 1 u k e w a r m

wat e r-—-Dissolves

grease, makes dirt

disappear, takes

out all kinds of





stains.





Soap the





clothes well, put

them to soak for

30 minutes and

you, need do no

hard rubbing and

no boiling, be-

cause there is no

dirt left to need it.





Easy directions





are on the red and

green wrapper.





Better buy it by the cartOn or box.





Fels G: 00., Philadelphia.





 





‘ I





 





El-





PlH





 





 





 





 





 





 





HE most successful‘man I ever



knew has jst died. Now that; he



is dead, we are all agreed on that,

though when he was alive we looked up-

on him as a sort of failure. He never

made much money, in fact, he was al-

ways losing money in some unprofitable

venture, or through paying the bad bills

of some relative who got in over his head

and then either whined for help or de-

parted .between two nights.



He was a newspaper man, this success-

ful one. But in the office he wasn’t con-

sidered a star. Even the cub reporter

with two Weeks’ experience spoke to him

patronizingly and considered himself a

much more valuable man on the staff.

This older man never did anything to call

attention to his work. He never “broke

into the first page” with a sensational

story of murder or divorce or political

scandal. The stuff he wrote never caus-

ed anyone a heart ache and was never

considered worthy a No. 1 head. His ac-

tivities were confined chiefly to market

reports, to be buried on the ninth page

and read only by men who wanted to see

if their broker was going to demand a de-

posit. As a side line he wrote obituaries

and lodge notices and similar “dead stuff”

that was really not worth the while of a

real, bright, up-to—the-minute reporter,

the other boys would tell you. ,



He never had any lively stories to tell,

or any new slang to spring or any com-

plaints to make of the chief or the sal-

aries or the ventilation or anything else.

All he seemed to be able to do was to





get down on time every morning, work

faithfully all day until there were no

no more assignments, turn in copy that





was accurate and well written and have

a good word for everybody.



He was no more startling out of the

office than in. Just a plain, quiet, un-

Obtrusive gentleman. He never married

and had handsome, sturdy sons and

daughters, He lived- quietly with his

mother, trying to make up to her for the

loss of her husband and her other chil—

dren. He humored her, cared for her, loved

her and, at times. endured her. Every

day at the same hour he called her up

from the office, to the great derision of

the other men who were quite too busy

and important to bother about their

mothers during working hours. in short,

while he lived, we never thought much





 

 

 





The Most Successful Man.





about him, except as a good-enough-sort-

but-awful-slow.



But after he died. That was when we

began to think. Why, he never said an

unkind word to a soul in the office! The

boys talked it overand not one could re-

member that he ever was cranky, ner-

vous, irritable or upset. And it wasn’t

all negative goodness. One by one they

told of the little things he had done for

them. This one had a story to tell of

the time the dead man came to him when

his baby died, and how much his under-

standing helped. That young boy stam-

meringly told of the way he was brought

to his senses when he thought it would

be smart to drink occasionally and found

that the occasions were coming all too

often. Another told of the money that

‘had been quietly offered to him when the

whole family had been sick for months,

and which, by the way, he had never

paid back. Little by little it came out,

the quiet way in which he had done good

to all.



“And we weren’t really decent to the

old chap,” said one. “I’ve snubbed him

time after time, even after accepting fa-

vors from him."



“So have we all,” joined in another,

“and do you remember what he used to

say to excuse it? ‘I guess Jack’s break-

faSt didn’t agree with him this morning.

He never called our rudeness by its right

name, always got over it by saying we

were sick.”



From outside of the office similar stor-

ies came to us. Everywhere we heard

of his gentleness of spirit, his silent un-

derStanding of human ills, his broad char-

ity, and unruffled serenity. We heard,

too, stories of his self-sacrifice; of the

girl he loved and let go away because his

duty was to his mother; of the trip to

Europe he gave up because his nephew

needed the money to finiSh college; of the





college career he gave up himself, be-

cause someone must earn the family

bread. These and many more stories





came to us, and we sat with bowed heads

and shamed faces thinking of the slights

we had put upon him.





“He was the best

but yet he. wasn”t

roughest—spoken man

everyone agreed.



That is why I call

cessful.





man I ever knew,

cliui‘chy,” said the

in the office. And





him the most suc—

DEBORAH.





Illllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllll|l|ll||IllIIll|Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllll|llIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilIlllllllllllllllllllllllll

Long Lines and Quiet Colors Feature the Fall Suits





By A.

A distinct change. both in colors and

cuts, mark the new fall suits. The gaudy





hues which no one liked but every wom-

an thought she must choose because they

were modish, have given place to sober

colors, and the loose, baggy blouse coats,

becoming to no one, are supplanted by

garments with long trim lines.



Blue is the color first sliown by the

modiste-s when you call for a suit, though

there are shades of brown and taupe

from which to choose. The old stand-by,

navy blue, is last choice, coming after

raven blue, a new shade called Dorothy

blue, which is almost a black, and the

lighter, peculiar shade called Copenhagen

or French blue, according to the store in

which it is shown. Prune, wistaria and

a new green are included in the colors,

and will be chosen by many women who

have grown tired of blue.



A novelty in suits is a coat of plain

cloth worn with a chceked or plaid skirt,

the coat usually having cuffs and collar

of the same material as the skirt. These

are for later wear as the skirting mate-

rial is of the heavy plaid cloth which lin-

ed the storm coats of the past two sea-

sons and the golf capes of departed mem-

ory. They will be chosen only by women

who can afford two or three suits, as

they are only suitable for rough wear,

and not for church or real “dress-up” oc-

casions. For the girls’ school suit they

would be serviceable and smart.



The really smart coat is a. delight to

the woman who can wear it, the slim

one. It is long and straight and cut aWay





 





L. L.

from the front to a point in the back

which reaches to the knees. The back





is in an unbroken line in the smartest

garment, without belt or buttons at the





waist. Many are cut away from the

bust, and have only one button, while

others have twa or three buttons, and





faSten to a point just above the waist.

’l‘he skirts are draped, sometimes in front,

sometimes at one side, sometimes at

both. The higher priced skirts are slash-

ed on the sides, but usually are so cut

that the slash may be sewn up if it is

not desired. Many of the coats are fur-

trimmed, some only with collar and cuffs





of fur, and again with a band facing the

fronts as well as the cuffs and neck

piece.





A stunning suit seen in one shop is of

blue brocade cloth, brocade effects by-

the-way, being good in everything. The

coat was severely plain, tapering to a

point in the back only 18 inches from the

bottom of the skirt. At the waist were

backward turning small pleats, two on

a side, to give a little fullness. Three

smoked pearl buttons faStened the front.

The skirt was plain and scant. the front

draped by means of three small tucks

which Were caught in the left side seam.

These tucks might be taken out and the

extra length cut off, making the skirt

plain for the woman who dislikes draped

effects. Such a suit is especially good for

the slim woman who looks best in long

straight lines.



For the woman a bit stouter came a

suit in absolutely the same- material, but





sauce through a fine sieve.





with a skirted coat. One large button at

the throat and one at the waist fastened

the garment, and in the back there was

a trimming of braid at the belt, and six

small buttons in two rows down the skirt

of the coat. Cuffs and collar of near seal

completed the trimming. The'skirt was

slashed slightly on each side, and was

draped at the left, but the seams could

be sewed up if one did not like the slash-'

ed effect.



More elaborate was the coat with a suit

of pebble cheviot in. French bl‘ue. This

was skirted, and had cuffs and collars of

pony and trimmings of bits of pony skin

and soutache braid fromthroat to belt.

A navy blue whipcord had cuffs and a

throw collar of black fur, and a skirt

draped on both sides and caught with a.

large button.



In the two-cloth suits one of the best

looking .was of brown. The coat was a

plain brown cloth, cutaway, but only

reaching half-way to the knees in the

back. ‘Vorn with it was a brown plaid

skirt, black lines forming the plaids. Cuffs

and collar of the plaid were shown on

the coat, which was finished with round

buttons.



More striking was a suit which had a

draped skirt of irregular brown and cream

small checks. The coat was a seal brown

in plain cloth and had cuffs and collar of

brown velvet. It fastened with one but-

ton at the bust and from there was cut

away to a point reaching almost to the

knees in the back. A blue suit had the

coat of heavy whipcord, and the skirt a

large plaid in three shades of blue. The

cuffs and collar of the coat were of the

same plaid.



The style of the separate coats for win-

ter wear is forecast by the coats in the

fall suits. They will be cutaway affairs,

mostly, with long shoulders and collars

that may be buttoned tightly about the

throat or laid back to show a deep open-

ing. They come in full-length, seven—

eighths and three-quarter lengths, and

are fur-trimmed or plain, belted or loose,

so that all may have a choice. The cloths

are rough, as is everything really smart,

chinchilla, boucle, zibeline, cheviots and

whipcord’s, having ousted the sm00th fab-

rics. The same colors seen in suits are

good, blues, browns, greens, and checks

for general utility wear. There are start—

ling effects in green, canary and vivid

reds. Four of the-“e novelties in one win-

dow attracted every passerby. One was

of old rose, one of salmon pink, one of a

vivid Irish green and one of canary. They ,

were three-quarter, cutaway coats, with

long sloping shoulders, and velvet collars

and cuffs in self-colors. White metal

buttons trimmed the green and canary

colored garments; the old-rose coat had

cloth covered buttons, and the salmon-

pink affair showed buttons of red! In

striking contrast to this gay quartet was

a full length coat of cinnamon brown

chinchilla fastened across the chest and

at the waist with two clusters of three

buttons each. This was a handsome,

practical coat, good for wear on any oc-

casion.



Young girls and children copy their el-

ders in colors and clothS, but the coats

are straight fronts instead of cutaway.

There are coats for four-year-olds of

dark—blue chinchilla, boucle and zibeline

and similar garments for the twelve-year-

old sisters. '



\Vhatever you buy, whether Suit, coat

or gown, you will make no mistake in

buying rough goods. Brocades are seen

everywhere, in wools, silks and velvets.

Even our old friend, rep, is brocaded

and shown in blues, wistaria and tan for

winter dreSses. There are one tone bro-

cades in red, brown and taupe, called

monotone brocades. Eponge, which, by—

the-way, simply means sponged, is shown

in all colors for dresses and light suits.



GRAPE AND PUMPKIN BUTTER.



Take fair sized golden ripe pumpkins,

pare and slice into rather long lengths to

avoid burning or scorching in the kettle,

Boil a whole day, if possible, the longer

the better, as the pumpkin will be of a

finer texture when long boiled. Pass this

A Next procure

tame grapes; if these are not to be had;

wild grapes are nearly as good and may
SEPT..- 13,‘ 1918.





be fauna along woody streams. Wash

and stem these‘andi‘boil until thoroughly

cooked;.pourithe whole when done, into

a muslin bag and-drain and‘ squeeze the

juice- from: theipulp‘s and seeds. If the

pulps are desired firth-e sauce they should

afterwards be passed through a collander

to remove the-seed, but nothing is gained

by adding them.



To one gallon of the cooked pumpkin

add one gallon of the cooked grapes and

eight to 12 pounds of granulated sugar.

Add the sugar when the two are thor-

oughly mixed and when very hot, in small

quantities, stirring the while; simmer

slewly about two hours. While still hot

season t’o~suit; Ground cinnamon bark is

preferred by most as a flavor and one

ounce per gallon is ample. Stir this all

through and put in cans or crocks. This

Will keep as well'as apple butter if thor-

oughly cooked and that is the main point

to be observed. One may use more or

less sugar, as desired. The pumpkin be-

ing naturally quite sweet neutralizes the

acid of the grapes to a great extent So

that not nearly as much sugar need be

used as many would at first suppose.



This is cheaply made as the cost is for

sugar only and can be made by those

who cannot readily procure apples, cider,





etc. It has a flavor distinctly its own, not

flat, but spicy, rich and all right-G.

A. R.





———-———_.f.~—

THE USE OF WATER IN SICKNESS.





 





The use of home remedies in the treat-

ment of ordinary sickness is not new.

Only a generation or two back it was

seldom indeed that recourse was had to

calling a doctor. This is true today in

the more sparsely settled districts.

in the cities people are too prone to

magnify every ache and pain and to at

once call in a physician.



This unnecessary expense and trouble

can be done away with by intelligent

treatment with the simple appliances

found in every home. Plenty of fresh

air, exerciSe, proper diet and the practice

of hydrotherapy will solve nearly any

medical problem.



Thevalue of the water treatment lies

not so much in the fluid but rather in

its being the most convenient and efli-

cacious means of applying cold or hot to

any part of the body.



Where sickness is accompanied by pain,

compresses afford a speedy relief in many

caSes. Indeed suffering may often be

stopped before there would be time to

dress, go for the physician, and, if it is

at night, to have him put on his clothes

and come to the bedside of the unfortu~

nate one. Modern science has learned

that the blood heals, and the heat has a

wonderful effect in drawing blood to a

place where it is needed, while cold will

send it away from a congested area. A

combination of the two can be used in

many ailments with great success.



Hydrotherapy, or the treatment of dis-

ease by application of water, has been

developed into a science by modern re-

search and experimentation. Certain pains

are allayed- by hot compresses, others

yield more swiftly to alternations of hot

and cold ones. Thus toothache, earache

and neuralgia are best helped by hot

alone. For plain backache, revulsive hot

and cold compresses are given to the

spine. For pain in the stomach from gas

caused by indigestion, hot and cold ap-

plications are indicated, supplemented

with a hot footbath.



Acute suffering from pain in the region

of the vermiform appendix is not uncom-

mon, and in this condition some remark-

able successes have been achieved by

home remedies. The first thing to do is

to put an ice bag over the seat of the

trouble. Then a hot hip and leg pack is

given to divert the blood from the con—

gested area to a portion of the body

where it will do no harm and thus re-

lieve the inflammation.



This treatment is given as follows:

Place a single blanket under the patient,

over this place a double dry blanket to

extend from the waist line down to and

including the feet. Over this place a

double blanket, wrung dry from boiling

water. Over this place a single dry

blanket. On these have the patient lie

down, wrap the dry and hot Wet blankets

snugly around the patient and cover with

other dry blankets. If there is pain in

the abdomen wrap one or two ice bags

in a cloth and place under the pack next

to the skin over the seat of pain. Keep

ice cold compresses to the head during

the entire treatment and an ice bag to

the heart. Allow the pack to remain



.from 15 to 30 minutes and on removing

it rub your hand repeatedly wet in cold

water over ,the surface that has been





But'





 





‘ THE MICHIGAN FA‘RMER





heated. An alcohol rub is also excellent

after this treatment.



For a headache. an ice bag or a‘ fre-

quently changed ice compress should be

applied to the back of the head and an-

other over' the sides of the neck. At the

same time, hot fomentatIOns should be

given to the face, extending over the





ears. The fomentation cloth should be

covered with two thicknesses of dry

cheesecloth to protect the face. The fo-





mentation should be renewed every five

minutes, for from 10 to 30 minutes. Af-

terwards cool the face with a short cold

compress. This will be especially effec-

tive in a congestive headache, which is

accompanied by a flushed face and throb-

bing vessels.





HOME QUERIES.





Household Editor:—What are Brussels

Sprouts and how are they prepared for

the table? They grow up like cabbage.

-—-F. M. M.



BruSSels sprouts is a species of cab-

bage, and is cooked much the same. Pick

of: the wilted leaves and soak in salted

water an hour. Then boil rapidly until

tender, in salted water. allowing a half

teaspoonful of salt to every quart of wat-

er. Finish as you would cabbage. either

creamed or with a vinegar dressing. Or

the sprouts may be tossed in melted but-

ter in the frying pan.



HouSehold Editorz—At what age would

you begin to discipline a baby?—Young

Mother.



As soon as it was born. “DiScipline," at

that age, however, is simply training in

regular habits of sleeping and eating.

This should continue right through and

baby should be taught from the begin—

ning that he can not have his own way

simply by crying and making a fuss.

When he grows old enough to creep

around and' get into mischief he can be

taught to keep his hand off forbidden

things by holding them for a few minutes

when he is "naughty,” or by tying a

handkerchief around one every time he

touches something he shouldn’t. If you

insist on obedience for the first four or

five years you will have little trouble at-

terwards. The only way is to have a

system and adhere to it. Do not forbid

the child to do today, what you will let

him do tomorrow.





Household Editorz—VVhat

hard sauce?——Mary K.





Butter and sugar creamed together. It

should be in the proportion of a half cup

.of butter to every cup of sugar. Flavor

with nutmeg. This is fine on hot boiled

rice.





is meant by





FASHIONS BY MAY MANTON.





 





Our large Fashion Book—containing 92

pages illustrating over 700 of the season's

latest styles. and devoting several pages

to embroidery designs. will be sent to any

address on receipt of 10 centS.





w





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





.79: '—





o. 7931—Double-breasted blouse, 34 to

40 bust.



No. 7947—Tucke'd blouse for misses and

small women, 14, 16 and 18 years.





No. 7926—Semi-Princesse gown. 34 to

44 bust.



No. 7941—Two—piece draped skirt. 22 to

30 waist.



No. 7932—Four-lpiece draped skirt, 22 to

30 waist.



The above patterns will be mailed to

any address by the Fashion Department

of the Michigan Farmer on receipt of 10

cents for each.





 





15—227





 





 





r





 





 





I Belong to One Club





100,000 Girls ‘





 

 





Yet Few KnowAbout It _





The girls have a gold and

diamond badge: every girl in the

club makes money: some make

over a thousand dollars a year;

And yet, broadly speaking, few

know about this club: the hap-

piest, brightest and most

prosperous club of alert girls

anVthrc in America, perhaps.





Where is this club? It is

attached to Tfie Ladies" Home

Journal: a part of the personal

service that is back of the mag-

azine, and has made it, as some

one said:“not a publication but

an institution.”





The Club is called simply “The

Girls’ Club.” Its motto is as unique

as anything about it: “With One

Idea: to Make-Money.” It has a

girl manager at the head of it, and

every year she writes to and keeps

in direct touch with these 100,000





girls.





 





Unique, isn’t it? Good to know about

it, if you are a girl, or have a girl.





Each month the club has a regular

column in T fie Laa’z'ey’Home Journal.





If you are a girl, young or old, and

are interested in this club’s “One

Idea,”g send a letter of inquiry to





THE GIRLS’ CLUB

THE LADIES’ HOME JOURNAL

INDEPENDENCE SQUARE

PHILADELPHIA. PENNSYLVANIA
228—16





_E





éFarm Co





TH E M Lot-11 GAN FA RM ERg





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mmerce.





LEI“llltltIllltlIIl||||lllllllllllllIllltllIt]!I||tlll|tllllllltlltIltttll||l||It|lltlltlllllllllltllltllllllll|lllll|llllll|Illlllltlllllllltlllltt||Illlllllllllltllll|||lttlItllttllllltlltl|IllltllIllllI||IlilllttltlIllIII||IlttlttlIIHIIIIIIIINIIIIIIIIE





Farm Storage for Perishable Products.





farmer’s business has been receiv-



ing more attention, the matter of

providinga suitable place for the holding

of perishable crops has become a much

more discussed theme among tillers of

the soil. Farm journals are frequently

21Sked for plans for such a structure; at

farmers’ gatherings the subject is con-

stantly coming up and in planning im-

provements of farm buildings the progres~

sive farmer seldom overlooks the need for

such storage.



The growing interest is probably due

in a large degree to a keener understand-

ing of the factors that go to fix the prices

of farm products. In these days with

such a variety of means for gaining in-

formation, not only the dealer but the

grower, and the general public as well,

have come to know that it is a poor time

to sell when everybody else- is selling, and

that it is a good time to let products go

when the consuming public is getting

anxious for them and the supply is run-

ning short. Knowing theSc and ether ele-

ments that influence the trade, producers

have generally decided that they can deal

with greater independence if they are

provided with storage facilities.



Now the advantages of having an effi-

cient storage house are various. In the

first place, a good house saves products

that otherwise might deteriorate to a.

point where they could not be marketed;

as a corollary to this, it enables one to

put his perishable crops on the market in

much better condition. Secondly, the

house. if properly equipped. reduces the

cost of caring for the crop. \Vith tables,

carts. packages. etc.. at hand men can

pack fruit better and at less cost per unit

than where these things are provided in

the usual temporary quarters. in the

third place. help can be employed it? a

house on inclement days. which aids in

keeping more efficient help around. and

because of this greater efficiency and

continuous working a much larger amount

of work is done by the force. But the ad-

vantage that has moved so many to build

Storage room for perishable products is

the elimination of the necessity of selling

when the crop is being harvested. All

who lat-k storage facilities are selling

then, and there include all but a very

smtll per cent of the growers, which

means that prices at that time rule low.

By holding in the storage the producer

can wait till gluts are over and prices

have advanced. and in normal years they

do advance to where the seller can realize

a good margiirfor the trouble and ex—

pense of storage. There are other rea-

Sons for having these houses, but theSe

are the usual ones that urge men to pro-

vide such srtuctures.



From time to time diffm‘ent storage

houses have been deScribed in these col-

umns. JuSt now we recall the illustrated

article describing the efficient house of

Mr. Farnsworth. of Ohio: the basement

used by Mr. Perry, of Oakland county.

and Mr. Smith's storage. of Kent county.

and there have been others described

that furnished ideas to our readers. “’0

are glad at this time to give a general

description of the storage plant belonging

to the Empire, Lumber Company. of Lee-

lanau county.



This storage, which is 403480 feet on the

ground, is a two-story structure. The

basement is used for the holding of pro-

ducts and the main floor is equipped for

packing and for the storage of crates,

barrels, and other materials. The base-

ment is built of cement while the upper

Sttl‘y is of Wood.



In the construction of the basement,

durability and proper insulation were kept

in mind. The first aim is gained by us—

ing cement liberally; in fact. the entire

basement is enclosed with cement walls.

The side walls are dOuble. The outSide

thickness of cement is 12 inches thick

and the inside one seven inches thick. Be-

tween the two there is a seven-inch air

space. This air space serves to modify

the temperature within, keeping it ‘down

during warm days and up when the

weather becomes cold. Between the base-

ment and the packing room overhead the

aims mentioned are secured by the fol-

lowing method of construction: Named

from‘fioor above to ceiling below, there

is first. a double floor with building paper





SINCE the marketing end of the





between, nailed to 2x12 stringers. Imme-

diately beneath theSe stringers is a two-

inch layer of solid cement, below which

is a layer of sawdust four inches thick,

and this in turn is held in place with an-

other layer of solid cement ‘also two

inches thick. Repeating for clearness, the

floor is composed of double flooring, an

air space, a layer of cement, a layer of

sawdust and finally another layer of ce-

ment. This leaves nothing but cement to

be exposed to the dampness of the base-

ment, which gives assurance that there

is nothing to decay in the presence of the

fruit stored there and the sawdust and

the air space practically prevents radia-





tion through the floor.





The owners inform us that the base-

ment will accommodate about 3,000 bar-

rels of apples. which they believe will

greatly assist them during the harvest

period of most seasons and aid them in

obtaining higher values for their fruit.



Concerning the cost of the building the

owners gave figures in round numbers.





say, when he sells some of his stock or

farm crops, that he is certain he _-is get-

ting paid for every pound of the article

sold? A great many times a farmer has

a few fat hogs or one or two steers to

sell to local butchers, Or perhaps a neigh-

bor‘ comes over and wants a load of hay

or grain. He has no scales on the farm,

so he guesses at the weight of the article

sold. But he can never be certain that

his guess is anywhere near right.



Now, this method of selling is surely

not good business. The man stands too

much of a chance of guessing the weight

of the article sold too low. Or, in selling

something to a neighbor, he may guess

too high, and this is not fair to the buy-

er. In ordinary cases, the buyer as well

as the seller is not practicing right bus-

iness methods when deals are made in

this way. In dealing with butchers, how-

ever, the seller is always at a greater

disadvantage than the buyer. The butch-

er really buys by weight, though by esti-

mated weight, hence from his point of

view he is qiute justified in suggesting

that the animals he buys be “lumped

off.” For, of course, after he gets his

stock where he can weigh it, he does so,

and thus he is able to check his esti-

mates and so becomes skilful. On the

other hand, the farmer remains in bliss-

ful ignorance as to whether his estimate

was near the mark or not. Occasionally,

perhaps, the butcher may have been de-

ceived in his judgment as to the weight

of the animals bought, but this don’t





 





 





 





 





 





Apple Storage House Built by the Empire Lumber Company, Leelanau County.





The total capital required for completing

it being $3,000, while $1,200 of this amount

was required for labor and the remainder

for matei'ials.



The basement is entered at the west

end by a wide driveway at the sides of

which are ventilating openings. From

these openings the air circulates on each

side of the building toward the east end

where there is an air chamber that takes

the air up to the roof, at which point it

passes out. No ice storage or freezing

plant is used.





VALUE OF SCALES ON THE FARM.



“Lumping things off" is a relic of the

past times when only the rich could af-

ford Scales. At the present time, when

a few dollars will buy scales that can be

depended upon to do good work, there is

no excuse for dealing by guess work. The

price of good farm scales is very reason-

able. There are various makes and any

of the standard ones will do accurate

work when set up properly and then giv—

en good care. _In many neighborhoods

several farmers have clubbed together

and bought a pair of large scales, of five

or six tons capacity, and set them up at

a central point where all can weigh their

stock and grain crops without much loss

of time. Each farmer saves some money

by this arrangement and at the same

time has the use of scales of large ca-

pacity.



It does not mean a loss of Self-confi-

dence for the farmer to sell all his pro-

ducts on a weight basis. It is no more

than good business policy for the farmer

to know what he is doing at all times,

without any guessing. But: how often

can the farmer without scales of his own





happen often: he takes pains to be on the

safe side in the majority of his deals.

And so it is the farmer who is almost

always the loser.



“'hen hauled to the markets all grain

and Iivo stock are Weighed-01} the deal-

er’s scales. So in these cases a pair of

scales is necessary in order for the farm-

er always to be on the safe Side. ‘Vhile

there certainly are many honest business

men who would not knowingly cheat on

weight, if they had the best opportunity

in the World to do so, still there are a

few dealers in every community who Will

not hesitate to take advantage of the

farmer whenever they can. In every

instance it pays to guard against this.



Sometimes the grain dealer or stock

buyer is wrongly accused by some farm-

er of cheating on weights when he is not

guilty simply because that farmer

thought he was capable of guessing very

near the correct weight of his load of

produce. Now, no matter how dishonest

the dealer may be, it is not fair to him

to charge him with crooked dealing on

such evidence as this. Grain will vary

so much in weight even when taken out

of the same. bin, that the most competent

perSOn cannot come very near to the cor-

rect weight of a given load. The use of

a home pair of scales alone justifies any

man of ever accusing his dealer of giv-

ing short weights.



Aside from the above mentioned uses

of farm scales, there are almost daily

occasions for the farmer engaged in live

stock raising on a large scale to weigh

some of his animals. In feeding stock if

the feed does not bring a corresponding

return, the loss to the farmer soon be-

comes serious; a reliable pair of scales,

if properly used, will help greatly to solve





 





SEPT. 13. 1913.





these problems. Scales let the farmer

know exactly what he is doing, both dur-

ing the time of feeding and on the day

the animals are marketed.



Indiana. W. F. PUIRpUE.

WHEN THE' WORLD’S WHEAT CROP

‘ IS HARVESTED.





 





“How much of the world’s wheat crop

is harvested each month of the year?"

was asked recently of the Bureau of

Statistics.



To answer this question, estimates have

been made based upon the average pro—

duction in recent years and the usual

progress of harvesting operations in the

various countries of the. world. These

showed the following percentages: Jan-

uary, 5 per cent; February, 1 per cent;

March, 3 per cent; April, 7 per cent;

May, 4 per cent, June. 15 per cent; July,

34 per cent; August, 26 per cent; Sep-

tember, 2 per cent; October and Novem-

ber combined, less than 1 per cent; and

December, 3 per cent. .



In the United States about 19 per cent

of the crop is harvested in June, 46 per

cent in July, and 35 per cent in August.



From these estimates it would appear

that almost no wheat is harvested in Oc-

tober and November, and that the world

harvest season really begins in Decem-

ber, when operations start in Australia

and South America, enlarge in January,

and are practically finished in February.

Operations begin in February in India,

and increase in activity through March

to April. In April operations begin in

such countries as Persia, Asia Minor, and

Mexico. The falling off in May is due to

the nearne-ss to completion of the Indian

harvest, and the season’s crossing the

‘Mediterranean from North Africa to

southern Europe, where harvest does not

become active until .Iune. In June, July,

and August about 75 per cent of the crop

is harvested. The season progresses

Steadily northward during these months.

By September harvest operations are

nearly completed. Scotland, Northern

Russia and Siberia. and Canada do a lit-

tle harvesting in August. l'ractically no

harvesting is done in (r: -. ?_»-r.



If the world wheat crop be regarded as

about 3,600,000,000 bushels, the estimates

above would indicate that about 108 mil.

lion bushels are harvested in December,

180 in January, 3 in February, 108 in

March, 252 in April, 144 in May, 540 in

June, 1.224 in July, 936 in August, 72 in

September. Of course, the percentages

and quantities will shift slightly from

year to year, as the seasons are early or

late and as production in a particular

latitude is large or small. The above es-

timate, however, may be regarded as





'fairly typical.





TO ORGANIZE A CO-OPERATIVE EL-

EVATOR COMPANY.



Initial steps were recently taken at

Caro. Mich, to organize a co-operative

elevator company. About. 50 farmers

gathered at the court )10use August 20.

considered the advisability of‘ such a.

move'and then appointed a committee to

investigate the several questions involv-

ed and report at a later meeting. Dur-

ing the discussion there appeared to be

an unanimity of opinion on the question

of making the organization purely co-op-

erative and not a stock company. There

is a growing sentiment among producers

in regard to thhe manner of organizing

mutual busineszs associations for the plan

Which provides, after a fair interest is

paid upon the capital invested in a co-

operative concern that the men who put-

ronize the business should receive the

surplus earnings pro rated according to

the amount of busmess done by each.

This seems to be the feeling among the

Caro farmers. They will hold a meeting

later to consider the recommendations of

the special investigatiOn committee.



NO MORE LOOSE MONEY COLLEC-



TION FROM BOXES.



The postoffice department has just is—

sued an order warning patrons of rural

routes against leaving money in the box—

eS. Hereafter coins must be tied in bun-

dles or inclosed in envelopes whenever

the patron of a rural route wants stamps

from a carrier and leaves the necessary

amount in the wayside box.



“The attention of the postmasters at

rural delivery offices and of rural car-

riers,” said Fourth Assistant Postmaster

General Blakslee, “is again directed to

the fact that rural carriers are not re-

quired to collect loose coins from rural

mail boxes. Patrons must inclose coins

in an envelope, wrap them securely in

paper, or deposit them in a. coin-holding





 





 





 





 





mom. .7;
“mu—y... n’fiV‘. j ‘





 





 





SEPT. 13.' 19131





receptacle so they can be easily and

quickly taken from boxes and carriers

will be requircd’to lift such coins. and

when accompanied by mail for dispatch,

attach the requisite stamps.”





 





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





 





Mecosta 00., Sept. 8.—Corn is looking

fine; best crop in several years, nearly

out of danger from frost. Largest acreage

of beans ever planted in . this locality,

mostly ready to pull. and a‘fine crop. The

potato crop is a fair yield, but less plant-

ed than in previous years. Threshing is

nearly done; oat crop best in years, go-

ing 30 to 40 bu. per acre. Prospects are

good for the second clover crop, although

weevil has done much damage on heavy

ground. Apples are a good crop, but no

peaches.



Lapeer Co., Sept. 6.—VVeather hot the

past week. We are much in need 'of a.

good rain at present for the benefit of

pastures and wheat seeding. Pulling

beans is what we are at now. Some

fields of corn are about ready to cut.

while other fields need two weeks yet.

Sugar beets and carrots are doing finely.

Good demand for cattle at good prices.

while hogs are lower. Not much action

in the market for sheep. Buckwheat

crop promises good. Quite a large acreage

of wheat will soon be in and not much

rye. Spring seeding of clover and tim-

othy meadows are doing fine for dry

weather.



. Pennsylvania.



Erie 00., Sept. 5.——Weather exceedingly

warm, with drouth in this section; 80 per

cent of wells are dry. Growing crops are

Suffering for the want of rain. Pasture

very short. Oats and wheat are being

threshed, with wheat a half a crop; oats

yielding from 40 to 60' bu. per acre: hay

an average yield, selling at $10 per ton.

Buckwheat about half a crop, owing to

intense heat with lack of moisture. Prices

of horses. cattle and hogs ranging same

as in previOus months; fruit an average

yield. bringing good prices.



Lancaster Co., Sept. 5.—Crop averages

as follows: Wheat. per acre. 28 bu; cats,

50 bu: rye, 30 bu; corn half a crop; pota-

toes half crop; fruit extra good crop; to—

bacco three-fourths of a crop;



Perry Co., Sept. 5.—Dryest summer in

50 years; corn being cut, 50 per cent be-

low average; apples 10 per cent of a crop:

potatoes small. and not half a crop. Many

fields sown to buckwheat will not be

worth cutting. Fairly good hay crop, this

season. Oats very short. but good in the

head. ”Wheat not yielding as good as in

some former years. Garden truck al—

most a total failure. Pears are plentiful;

peaches 40 per cent of a crop. Unless

rain comes soon a small acreage of wheat

will be sown, quite a lot of plowing yet

to do. Butter, 26c: eggs, 26c.



. Ohio.



Allen Co., Sept. 4.—Have been getting

rain all around us but in immediate vi-

cinity of Lima have not had any for sev-

eral weeks. Corn is a good crop. Early

planted corn ready to half shock. Oats

nearly all threshed, yielded fairly good.

Wheat is being threshed except that in

barns or stacks. Threshing is the order

of the day. Early potatoes are a fair

yield. Late potatoes look good but, like

all other standing crops, are suffering for

rain. Produce and grain all stand at fair

prices. Country butter. 26c; eggs, 22c;

potatoes. new, $1@l.10; wheat, per bu.,

86c; corn, per cwt., $1.05; new oats. per

bu., 38c; rye, 58c; barley. 450; No. 1 clo—

ver seed, $7 per bu; alSike, $10 per bu;

hay. timothy, $10; clover, $6.50; mixed,

$9; baled 52 more per ton.



Union Co., Sept. 5.—Dry weather is the

order of the day here for August and in

fact, all summer. Pastures very short

and brown. Corn crop very short. Hay

crop good and of extra good quality.

Threshing all done. Oat crop very light.

probably 25 bu. per acre. Wheat extra

good and good quality, yield about 20 bu.

Rye fair. about 12 bu. per acre. Just be-

ginning to fill silos. Local prices as fol-

lows: Wheat, 81c; corn, 650; oats, 37c;

eggs. 24c; country butter, 220; Creamery

butter, 31c.



Guernsey Co., Sept. 5.—Had tw0 fine

rains about Aug. 20-21, after four weeks

of drouth. No rain to speak of since.

Corn is hard hit by it and ears are short,

Threshing nearly done; wheat about an

average of 15 bu. per acre and oats 20

bu., perhaps. Very little fruit, except a

small crop of raspberries and a good crop

of blackberries. Hay short and light.

Corn almost wiped out On the creek val-

ley by July flood. Most plowing done for

about average acreage of fall wheat. Will

be an average crop of clover seed. Stock

scarce, prices high. good steers selling as

high as $85@90. Cows reach $100. Fat

‘cattle, 7c; hogs, Sléc; sheep. $2.50@4.

\Vool sold for 20@22c lb; plenty pasture,

but needs rain. Mines and mills working

steadily and labor help scarce. Cambridge

and Byesville are our good home markets.



Hancock Co., Sept. 2.—-\Veather hot and

dry at present; corn ripening very fast.

Will be about two-thirds of a crop. Pas-

ture getting short. Stock looking fairly

good. Clover seed threshing just begun.

Yielding about 25;. bu. per acre. The

largest acreage in years. Not much fall

plowing being done for wheat on account

of it being too dry and hard. Many cat-

tle being shipped in from Kansas City to

be pastured and fed this winter: quality

very good. but high in price. Not many

horses changing hands at present. Wheat

and oat threshing flniShed. New wheat.

85¢ per bu; oats. 37c; corn. $1.05 per cwt;

rye, 58c per bu; butter, 22c: eggs, 21c:

old chickens, 12c; young chickens, 15c

per lb. .



Brown 00-. Sept. 8.-—-—The long drouth

has caused a shortage in pasture and

made the earliest corn harvest in years.

Too dry to work at wheat ground. The

extended drouth spoiled the finest pros-

beer for corn we ever had. Oats turned

out poor. Wheatfairly well. Potatoes.

are very scarce.





THE MICHIGAN-'FARME‘R'





Indiana.



Eikhart Co., Sept. 4.——Very hot and dry.

We have not had any rain for three

weeks. Corn is going to be a fair crop.

A large number of farmers are putting up

silos. Late potatoes will be almost a fail-

ure. Apples and peaches are a fair crop

this 'year. Also plums and grapes. Farm-

ers are busy plowing for wheat, cutting

corn and filling silos, ’



Jay Co., Sept. 8.——Weather extremely

dry. Fall seeding and plowing delayed.

Wheat acreage would be extremely large

if conditions were favorable. Corn is good

in this section, some are cutting and fill-

ing silos, which are quite numerous this

autumn. Some are shocking and some

hogging it off. Threshing all done. Clo-

ver seed crop extra good, some hulling

six bushels per acre. Cattle scarce and

very hard to pick up. Hogs are in fine

shape all through this section. Sheep be-

ing sold off to accommodate pasturage.



Illinois.



McLean Co., Sept. 4.—This has been a.

very dry season; oats averaged about 35

bu. per acre; corn will be the poorest we

have had in years in this locality, think

35 bu. will be a good average and it is

drying up very fast. Lots of fruit here

but poor quality on account of dry weath-

er. Too dry for fall p10wing. Pastures

dried up and farmers are feeding green

corn.



Perry Co., Sept. 4.-—Drouth continues.

Wheat crop good, corn poor prospect.

Oats poor. Hay short. Stock peas look

'good. Wheat, $1; com, 850; eggs, 22c;

potatoes, short crop. $1.20 bu; have had

but two good rains since June 1. Water

getting scarce in places.



Marlon Co., Sept. 8.—After one of the

worst droughts on record Marion county

is facing a serious proposition. Corn,

with the exception of bottom land, is a

complete failure, except for fodder. Oats

were very short, and of an inferior qual-

ity. Cowpeas and millet are doing well.

Many farmers are completely out of stock

and drinking water. and water hauling is

the order of the day. Many wells and

cisterns are being dug. The apple and

peach crops are good, but pickers are

scarce.



Missouri.



Polk Co., Sept. 2.—-The drouth contin-

ues, and pastures are almost as bare of

vegetation as the public highway. Corn

has made more than was anticipated a

month 330. although there are some fields

that will make little grain. There are

some fields that will average 20 to 25 bu.

to the acre. Practically all is being put

into the shock or silo. Many new silos

have been built. All straw is being baled

and cared for. and there will likely be

enough feed to carry stock through the

winter in fair shape. ,At public sales

cows have sold well considering short

crops, but horses have been a drag, like-

wise stock hogs and brood sows. Eggs

are selling at 10c and hens for 9c; corn

and wheat, 85c; timothy and clover hay

$16 per ton.



Kansas.



Smith Co., Sept. 6.-——The month of Aug-

ust was one of the hottest and driest

that Smith county has ever experienced.

On the 28th of July about .18 of an inch

of rain fell and during August is record-

ed a slight shower on the 12th and 28th.

For 26 days the thermometer ranged from

100 to 110 degrees, with hot winds blow-

ing from the south and southwest almost

every day. There were about 20 clear

days with none entirely cloudy. The Sol-

omon river is the lowest ever known, and

many of the creeks and wells are going

dry. All vegetation is suffering from lack

of moisture. The wheat crop was good,

oats yielded fair, the first cutting of al-

falfa was heavy, and a second crop on

the lower land. If rain would come soon

alfalfa would yet make pasture this fall.

The stock is in good condition and can

be kept that way with supply of hay.

silage, corn fodder, straw, fall wheat pas-

ture if rain comes in time to bring it up.

and the abundance of last year’s corn

crop. The dry Weather is not confined to

Smith county or Kansas by any means.

\Vith former good crops the people are

prosperous and this year will soon be for-

gotten with the other dry years that have

passed and gone.



Nemaha 60.. Sept. 6.—No rain here

since June 4. Oats and wheat made good

crops. but corn and fruit a complete fail-

ure. Water for stock getting very scarce.

Some cattle being shipped on account of

short feed and water. Hay crop light

and selling for $15 per ton. Some corn

stored, selling at $1 per bu. Potatoes

one-half to one-third of a crop. No veg-

etables raised. Farmers all busy cutting

corn up as fodder and putting it in silos.

It is from two to four feet high. It is

about all the feed there will be to get

through with. The average heat here

daily is 98 to 100 degrees in the shade.

Now too dry to plow for wheat. Cream,

240; eggs, 100; butter 350; wheat, 700.



Nebraska.



Dodge Co., Sept. 5.—Hot and dry: the

weather has injured the corn crop. ‘Vheat

a good crop. made from 30 to 40 bu. per

acre, and oats made 45 to 50 bu. Prices,

wheat, 75c: corn, 68c; oats, 360.



Saunders Co., Sept. 5.—August has been

avery warm month. 100 degs. for 17

days. Corn half a crop; oats and wheat

a good crop: apples a good crop. Pas-

tures are short; potatoes a short crop.

Very dry to plow for fall wheat.



Pierce Co., Sept. 6.—There has not been

any rain in the month of August to do

much good. Small grain is not turning

out well. Oats from five to 30 bu. per

acre; wheat from two to 10 bu. and rye

a out the same. Hogs are being sold off

cose. A good many dying with the

cholera. Not many cattle going to mar-

ket. Hay is all put up. with a fair crop.

Pastures are dry; cattle look fairly well

yet, but will have to be fed soon. Leaves

on the trees begin to turn. Fruit crop is

light. Potatoes small. Local markets:

Wheat. 700; rye. 540; com, 62c: oats, 34c:

barley. 40c; hogs. $7; butter, 20c: 6823.





14c; butter-fat. 25c; potatoes, $1.40.





 





The Michigan Agricultural oouego





Offers for solo the following pure bred





LIVE STOCK





Three yearling anboulllet "ml. 1 yearling

Oxford ram. 1 yearling Shropshire tom. 2

Hereford bull calves. beside 4 Berkshire. 4

Yorkshire and l Duroc Jone boar pigs. all of

spring lorrow and old enong for fall service.





BASH ill BAGS





Turn your old bags into money. We buy them in

any quantity. sound or torn. at a liberal price and

pay the freight. Write for particulars and state

number you have. Reference: Citizen's Bank.



Iroqouls Bag 00.. 449 Howard 8t.. Buffalo. N. Y.





H06 FEED SHEA .‘flcléllf‘fié‘i".

EG. Percherons. Shorthorns. Shropshiree and





Dome Jerseys for sale cheap. as of my borne

burned Aug. 9th. M. A. EBAY. Okemoe. Michigan





F O R S A L E’ififii‘fiiéfi.”‘i‘§ iii 33%?





CARL SCHMIDT. Moore Park. Mich gnu.





IIEEDEIS’ DIRECTGIY.

CATTLE.





Aberdeen-Angus.





Herd. consisting of Trojan Eri B aokbirds and

Pridea. onlfi. is headed by Egerton . the GRAND

CKAMPIO bull at the State. West Michigan and

Ba City Fairs of 1912 and the sire of winners “those

I mend at THE INTERNATIONAL Chic . of



12. WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionia. ch.





Guernsey Bull Calf“?l.°“..i“.£.‘a“‘.§§°°fié“ :

A Gee Dandy. G. A. WIGENT. Watervliot. Mich.





GUERNSEYS‘S‘ZE; T3533“lw‘3.°33ii§t. ”life's".

J. K. BLATCHFORD. Auditoriun Tower. Chlmlll.





llEllil-‘illul Imus l-‘illl SAL m Pound





China Hogs.

ALLEN 83.08.. Paw Paw. Michigan.





A FEW ClillCE F2‘°§?f.."‘i’.'“£ ‘33" 3322?





GREGORY a BORDEN. Howell. Michigan.





"Top-Notch” Holstolns.





Choice bull calves from 6 to 10 mo. old. of fashion~

able breeding and from dame with official milk

and butter records for sale at reasonable prices.

"WHIRSOI FAI" 00.. flown“. llama-n.





Purebred Registered

H OLSTE IN GATT LB

The Greatest Dairy Breed

W M 1m W Bookie.

flolotein-I‘rlodon. Anon Box I“. hetfloborth.





“0LSTEI —-Bull Calf sired by best eon of



Pontiac Butter Bo . Dam in ulster

by some sire to Soowo who have omci butter records

aver-gin over 21 lbo. butter in 7 days. Price 850 for

quick 0 or. C. D. WOODBURY. Lancing. Mich,





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





1'1 —229





—Bulls from 8 to 12 months

9 Shorthorns old. Belt of breeding.

Write for pedigrees. W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Mich.





Mllil llllED 8H0lllllillll we. all? ‘iw‘l'lLQ's‘l’o‘li

J B. HUMMEL. Mason. Michigan.

, —6 h l .

WI SALE afgkglnwgltél'mllkslficgnfilgmtg;

. B. McQuillan. Howell or Ohilson, Mich.





 





females.

"—2 . 1) 'ct l

For Sale “”8 3 “thorn Buns by v: or Rob n





a Son of Victor Linwood an International





Winner. JOHN SCHMIDT. Reed City. Michigan.





3 Choice Shortliorn Bulls For Sale.





6 LOB mos. old. Bates bredn Re latex-ed. Call or writoto

J.l. TANSWELL. Maple Bl Farm. Mason. Mich.





H005.

' —A Desirable Bunch of Sow: of

”in” ‘ rm“ Either Breed due April and Me .

M. ’1‘. Story. B. B. 48 Lowell. Mich. 0 ty Phone .

‘ Choices ri Pi ,elthor sex.

Pm iimi Berkshire: .. regarded we... for

dwription and prices. A. P. Kuhn, Lakev‘low. Mich'





 





' -bred for July farrowing.also a choice

‘ "uh“: 8" lot of Sprin Pi e for sale. Either

cox. A. A. PATl‘ULLO. R. climax-ville. Mich.





emu]. “flu—Spring and summer pi write us

your wania. Price and qua ity right.

Meadow View Stock Form. B. F.D. No.5.Holland.Mlch.





o l c —!IG GROWTHY TYPE. Last spri



- 0 - stool. either sex, pairs not akin. Very

stock. Scott No. 1 head of hard. Farm 5‘ mile west

of depot. 0110 B. SCHULZE. Nashville. Mich.





o I c —MARCH and APRIL PIGS. the long

0 0 I growthy kind. with plenty of bone.

No cholera ever on or near farm. Satisfaction

guaranteed. A. NEWMAN. R. l. Mariette. Mich.





 





 





 





o I C! —ail cold. Orders booked for April

| I s and May pigs of the choicest breeding.

C. J. THOMPSON. Rocktord. Mlchlcnn





9 ——Bred sows, March 1 nine a d

0. '0 C s trios. Bull Book icmnafllwrfii.

FRED NICKEL B. 1. Monroe. Mlchltnn.

9 —- .

o. I. c s All es. growthy and large Malo-





ready. 00toeoloctfronl. Attractive rice.

on young stock. 11. K. JUMP. Munith. Mic .





 





 





 





\THIS





I 0.100. ‘*





82w wtlcnto 932 as. ‘ .





23 MONTHS 0 D

‘loma GIRL





I have started more breeders on the road to Ino-

oeel than 811$!an l iving. I have thclargeet and lin-

oot herd int 9 U. 8. Every one an early developer.

ready for the market at six months old. I want

£2.” one hon in each community to ‘ mu. my

d. Write for my plan,"lIow to Make Money from

Host.” c. s. IIIJAIII.R.Io. I o Porn-n4. Ill-ll.





 





—Brod its all sold.

9- 'I c. SWI" haye' ‘ o_ of Spring

plgs on hand. Will book orderl for Sept. plus.

get my Krioe on pairs and trioe not akin.



. J. GORDON R. No. 2. Don. Mich.





 





liokioin Flinsian Callie. 2.3%: °’ :“Eo'u‘ifléi

quality not quantity. W. B. Jones. Oak Grove. Mich.

liillSlEII BULLS Efia‘°ll°flf°°w§£"£“‘lb€§€

come andoee. I. . CORNELL. Howell. Michigan.

C ' . '

FOR sum. .3”... amaze:

Also good Dairyman wanted. Enquire of ERNEST le.





Bigelow’s Holstein Farms





Broodoville. Mich.

Have for sale several fine young

bulls out of cows with high official

butter and milk records.



Send for circular.





Bull Ready For Service.





mnd son of Pietertje Hengervelda Count

DoKol, and out of Bertha Josephine Nudine.

This is an almost faultless individual. Guaranteed

right in every particular. and “dirt" cheap to a

quick buyer. Also 7 good cows. one fresh—the

others yet w:freshen. The above would make a

fine hard for some one. $1950 will buy the bunch.





L. E. CONNELL, Fayette, Ohio.





 





 





 





 





—reuonable ricoa. choice re -

For Sale labored n01. TEIN stalls. rea y

for service. HATCH HERD. Ypsilanti. Mich.





EC. HOLSTEIN COW—4 years old. fresh. m-lb.

A.B.0.dnm. Sire.aon of Pontlno Butter Boy—56 A.R.

0. daughters. 2 above lbs. Exce%tional broodinfim

delivered. worth more. Hobart . Fay. Mason. ich.





Buy A World Record Holstein Bull





NEXT TIME. We have 2with 75% some blood of 3world

record cowe. Great bargains at each. LONG

BEACH FARMS. Animate. (Kalamazoo 00..) Mich.





 





—2-yr. -cld Jersey Bull—Dani's 5- 1'. -old reco

For 38'0710551 lbs. milk. 5131bs. fat. sol lbs. butter:

Sires dam s record—12997 lbs. milk: 600 lbs. fat. 706 lbs.

butter. 2-yr.-old full eioter'e record—$10 lbe. milk. 435

lbs. (at. 513 lbs. butter. All authenticated. kind.

sound. sure. Waterman A Waterman.Ann Arbor. Mich.





Lillie Farmstead Jerseys

(Tnboronlin tented. Guaranteed free from Tuber-

culosis.) Several good bulls and bull calves out of

nooddniry cow- for sale. No females for sale at

present. Sou-faction nun .



00140]! C. . Coomvlllo. Mich.





BUTTER BRED ”pom‘li‘éffé‘“





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Silver Creek. Allegan County. Michigan.





JERSEYS—Pm“ “five” brM-for Dioduot-

Brookwotor run. of)? 1). N33. 791:. {lgorllelilfi’orlli





 





 





 





 





—Begisl.erod Jersey Cattle. tube lin test-



535.S'1..‘.:‘;.s‘r.:w.““.°r's h°i‘%.{33ih°é{°'

: c or an on



Annotation records. IBVIN FOX. Alleglxl. Miclllg.





Notton Farm, Grass Lake, Mich.

Aflow youngJ’erley Bull Calves at wto 845 each.





"in ”MI“ 00': and “El“ For sale. of good





“kl t l .

John Borne! c SOn. Grand Ledge. filich. "8323.,"





 





 





 





 





 





——8 ring boar-from prize-win.

Dunc-Jerseys .33... strains. 8.... .n .3...

Brookwator Farm. R. F. D. No. 7. Ann Arbor. Mich.



—Havc a few bred ilts.

”mac Jersey nous and spring boars. arize-

winning strain. W. C. TAYLOR. Milan. Mic .





 





 





——‘5 High Class 8 ring Boar's. Ex-

Durocs cellent qualitylang Breeding. Write

or come and see. J. C. BAR EY. Goldwater. Mich.





lime imays—liolhing Bul Spring Pig: For Sale.

CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings. Michigan.

10 TYPE DU BOOB—March and April Beam. ready





for service. Pairs not akin. Also Shro ire

llama for sale. F. J. DRODT. B. No. 1. Monroe. lob.





 





 





 





nuroo Jerseys For Sale—Three fall boars. also cpl-in

pigs. either sex' .of finest brooding and individun

quality. John Mchccll. Station A. R Ajay City M lch.





”LAND CIINAS‘Jm 3.32;“..3‘lumm





Prices right. W.J. mommw. Augusta, Ml’olli





 





 





Choice l.ol oi Spring Pins’p‘fié‘mmfi’f





L. W. BARNES it SON. yron. Bhinwoeeo 00.. Mic .





LARGE STYLED POLAND CHINAS—Spring and

summer plgs. Alec Oxford bucks and buck lambs

ROBERT NEVE, P' M





Butler’s Big Bone Prolific Poland cllnas





Big boars ready for service. weigh up to 250 lbs. not

fat, from big prolific sows that not only (arrow big

litters but raise them. Write for what you want.





J. C. BUTLER. Portland, Michigan.

"LAN” cnlnAs—Eiither sex. all use. Some-

2. 1). LONG. 12. No. smell-5n ”litigant $0.323:





l'. c. ulncu lln mm Has-.3533. ‘83:.‘33‘2533





to please. R. W. MILLS. Saline. Michigan.





”BEE "PE ,. c. FALL Pm all sold. Have the





_ . . _ greatest bunch of

a ring 9188.1 ever raised. Eight cows farrow .

me or write. Expenses paidlif not satisfied. Free





livery from Pal-ma. W. E. Livmgston. Pox-ma. Mich





P. C. BOARS AND SOWS‘M“ ‘m' ‘1’“

A. A. woon a SON. calling).y 1111953333.“

350 BIG TYPE MULE poor EGGS—All safe to:-

on





sale. Prolific and hard . Best breed! M' '

Also Ponloo. J. DUNLAP. xM.wullanl):por|§ 6 io‘





 





at close prices. xenon. ich.





 





 





 





 





ORKSHIRE Swine—We have so 6 '

Ypigs now ready for sale. Write fofdiscll-fpotigglainnd

prices. OSTRANDEB BROS. Morley. Mich.





 





ORKSHlRE SWINEfYonng boars ready for service. Also

eprlng fermwed gilt. and Aug. fol-rowed pig: for one.

Pairs not akin. (ll-70. S lchLLEN. Grand Lodge, Mich.





IMPROVED LARGE YORKSIIIRES





Sow- nnd gilts bred for September and Octobo

flu-low. Service boars. P' 31 read r

and prices upon application.” I ages. 3 ing





W. C. COOK. R. 42. Ada. Michigan.





lllliil Farmsleall YORKSHIBES





Spring bred gilte all sold. Gilt- bred f xi; It

1 30 I' piss either sex. p2}: oand‘ '15?“





Min 3:3 booked

. on It . '

comN c. mm? 3.333%... Mich





Mention the Michigan Farmer





 





4. .whon writing to advertisers.
230—18





ITi'é lll!illllillllIllIllllllIIIlllilllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllilllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllkfl





Markets.





Ell”IllllllllllllllIlllllllll|||llllllll||llllllllllllllIllilllilllllllllilllllll|llI|llIIIllI|lllllllllllHllllllllllllil

GRAINS AN D SEEDS.





September 10, 1913.





Wheat.——The wheat market was uneven

during thetpast week in anticipation of

government figures regarding small grain

crops. There was a general feeling that

the report would .be bearish, which caus-

ed a slow market. The report showed a

slightly larger crop than had been pre—

viouSly intimated. The final estimates on

the spring wheat crop indicates a total

yield of 243.000.000 bushels, which with

the final estimate of the winter crop

makes a total of 754,000,000 bushels of

wheat in the country. Telegraphic news

indicates that there has been rain in

portions of Oklahoma and Kansas whicn

would facilitate the preparation of the

land for wheat, although the strong spots

in last week’s market were due largely to

reports from the dry area that plowing

for wheat had been impossible in many

sections. The winter wheat movement

continues small, being less than one—half

that of a year ago and primary receipts

are small. One year ago No. 2 red wheat

sold on this market at $1.07 per bu. Quo-

tations for the week are as follows:





   

   





 





No. 2 No. 1



Red. 1Vhite. Dec. May



Thursday ..... 95 95 93 1.04



Friday .. .. 951/3 95% 98% 1.04

Saturday .....95 95 981/, 1.031/2



Monday ....... 951/2 95% 9‘8 1324. 1.04

Tuesday .... . .95 95 981,4 1.031/2

\Vednesday ...95 95 98% 1.03%,

Chicago, (Sept. 9).—No. 2 red wheat,

931/2 «1941/20; No. 3 red, 9261930; Dec.,





Sill/2c: May, 961/4c per bu.



Corn—The corn market is still advanc-

ing, the governmcnt estimate of the cur-

rent year’s crop being 2,351,000,000 bushels,

which is slightly larger than previous es-

timates but not enough to have any ef-

fect on the market. One year ago .10. 3

corn sold on this market at Slc per bu.





Quotations for the week are as follows:

No. 3 No. 3

Corn Yell708w.

Thursda ' ................ 77

Friday y ................... 771A; 781/2

Saturday .......... , ....... 771/2 781/2,

Monday ................... 78 ) 79

Tuesday .................. 781/2 79

\Yednesday ............... 78 79





Chicago. (Sept. 9).—No. 3 mixed, 761/260

78c; No. 3 yellow, 76%;;(qr78c; Dec., 74c;

3 av, 7512c )er bu.



IO‘atSr-j'l‘hils market has advanced dur—

ing the week in sympathy with corn.

Primary receipts of grain are compara-

tiVelv small. One year ago standard oats

sold ‘till this market at 351/20 per bu. Quo-





tations for the week are as follows:

N0. 8

Standard. White

Thursday ....... 44 4311/2

Friday ............ . ...... 4:) 44/2

Saturday .................. 45 4:1 /2

Monday .................. 451/; 4:)

Tuesday .................. 451/2 4;

\Vedncsday .............. 451A; 4.)

Chicago, (Sept. Sir—«Standard oats, 44





61441,“: No. 3 white, 43414-ic; l.)ec., 4599c;

May, 4833c per bu. .



Beans.~’l‘his market has remained at

last week‘s nominal quotations. Immedi-

:itc and primary shipments are quoted at

$1.80; ()ct., $1.87; pcr bu.



Chicago. (Sept. 9).~—No change has oc-

curred in local bean values. l’ca beans,

hand-picked, choice, are H‘till'at $1.906!)

1.95 and red kidneys at $1.65@1.80 per



s l. '

buRlyg—Jl‘here has been a decline of 20

on this market which equals the gain_0f

the previous week, quotations now being

70c for cash No. 2. At Chicago there has

last weeks





been a slight advance over _

quotation. cash No. 2 now being quoted

at 681/.6169c, per bu. . ‘ 1



M this grain aie





r .—<. notations on

thtB»:a'ienye as) last week, good sainplesSell-

ing at 313061150 per cwt. .-\t (,hicago

lii‘iccs on the. better grades .have advanc-

cd. present quotations ranging from 60o)

:-lc llt'l' bu. .-\t Milwaukee this grain has

also advanced, malting grades now sell-

in}: at mmSm- 1101‘ hit. .



Clover Seedswl‘riccs still remain at low

range owing to the prospect of a good

yield oi cIchr seed in many sections.

l’.imc October is now quoted at $6.95;

lit-tn, $7.05: March, $7.15 per bu.. with

sample seed selling at as low as $6416.00,

()ctober alsike is quoted at_ $10.22,. At

'i‘olcdo, October clover seed. is quoted at

$6.75: March, $7; March alsike. 610.15 per



s .]_

1)u'l'llhothy Seed.#Quotations

from last week, prime spot

at’$2.60 per bu.





unchanged

now selling





 





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





Flown—Jobbing lots in 1A; paper sacks

are selling on the Detroit market per 196





lbs. as follows: Bcst D;lt(’11t.‘$5.402 sec-

ond, $5.10; straight, $4.90; spring patent,

$5.10: rye flour. $4.60 per bbl. .

Feed—In 100—lb. sacks._ jobbing lots:

h'an, $26; coarse middlings. 32A; fine

iniddlings, $29; cracked corn, $31: coarse

corn meal. $31; corn and oat chop,





.27.:10 ier ton. _

1: Hayl-Yalues continue. to rise, a 500 ad-

vance bé’inf-r noted this wek. Carlots on

the track at Detroit are: No. 1 timothy.

$166,106.50: standard, 33154171550; N0.N20, $134





@1450; light mixed, $14.50o15;

mixed. 3313506914.





Chicago.-~—Easier under liberal receipts:

quoted $1 lower. Choice timothy quoted

at $18.50@19 per ton; No, 1, $17.50@18;

N0. 2, $15@16.



New York—Market continues firm and

well cleared of high grades of timothy.

Outlook favors more liberal receipts.

Large baled, No. 1 timothy, $21@22; stan-





T H E ~M~:‘I.C H I GA IN *FA RM E R





dard,~$20@20.50; light clover, mixed, $19@

20; heavy mixed, $17@19 per ton.

Straw.—Detroit.—Steady. Rye, $8@9;

wheat and oat straw, $7@7.5O per tori.

Chicago—Quotable as , folloWs: Rye,

$7.50@8; oat, $6.50@7; wheat, $6@6.50.

New York—Dull. New, rye straw, $17

per ton.





DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.



'Butter.—Outside markets show less ac-

tivity this week, but a scarcity of good

butter locally has placed Detroit prices

about on a par with those ruling at other

points. Elgin appears to be holding last

week’s big advance, being reported firm

and unchanged, but New York and Chi-

cago are comparatively quiet. Extra

creamery, 30c per lb; firsts, 29c; dairy,

21c; packing stock, 200.



Elgin—Market firm at 30c per lb.



Chicago—Market quotabiy firm for

fancy makes and dull for other grades.

Quality of offerings averages only fair,

a considerable proportion scoring below

900. and the demand. as compared with

a week ago, is slow. Quotations: Extra

c:'eamery, 30c; extra firsts, 28((1)29c; firsts.

2661271/gc; seconds, 241/2@250; ladies, 231,;

@24c; packing stock, 22c.



New York—While the general range of

values is a trifle higher than a wek ago,

prices are firmly held on the best quali-

ties only. Ordinary to choice stock is

steady, but under grades are quiet. Pack-

ing stock in good demand. Creamery ex-





 





tras, 301/2612310; firstS, 28@30c; seconds.

25%@27c; state dairy. finest, 29@291,éc;





good to prime, 261A;@28c; common to fair,

23((7‘26c; packing, 2061/231/20 as to quality.



Eggsr-Eggs are very strong in all mar-

kets, the fact that current offerings are

still made up, in large proportion, of

mediocre to poor stock being reSponsible

for the difficulty which dealers experience

in filling orders. The local quotation on

current receipts is 1c higher than a week

ago. Current offerings, candied, quoted

at 231/2c per dozen.



Chicago—Good eggs continue firm at

slightly higher values. but the percentage

of desirable qualities among the offerings

is still too small for the good of the

trade, dealers being obliged to draw on

storage supplies to fill orders. Quota-

tions run about as follows: Miscellaneous

lots, cases included, 1561/22c. according

to quality; do., cases returned. 141/269

211/2c; ordinary firsts, 19(1‘21c; firsts, 2361)

231430. Refrigerator stock in good demand

at 22c for April firsts.



New York—Desirable

cleaned up at values

above thOSe of last week.

for such stOck but rather indifferent as

to medium and lower grades. Storage

supplies firmly held. Fresh gathered ex-

tras, 29fi'3lc; extra firsts, 27@28c; firsts,

25fl226c; western gathered whites, 246E310

per dozen.



Poultry.—The range between springs

and hens continues to lessen, the former

having an advantage of only 1%c this

week. Other kinds unchanged. Market

steady. Quotations: Live—Springs, 170

per lb; hens, 151/2c; No, 2 hens, 1169120;

old roosters, 1061110: turkeys, 17@18c;

gee°e. 11fl12c: ducks, 14fi'15c.



Chicago—'Fowls and chickens declined

at this week‘s opening under exceptional-





qualities closely

averaging 1@2c

Market strong





ly heavy receipts. Quotations on live

are: Turkeys. good Weight, 19c; others,

12c: fowls. general run. 131/20; spring

chickens, 16c; ducks. 14c; geese, 8@11c;

guinea. hens. $4615 per dozen.



New York. Market irregular, western





 





chickens 10 higher: fowls l/zc, lower. Fresh





dressed western chickens, 18((1‘24c; fowlS,

1414.6119c; turkeys, 186i'20c.

Cheese—New York flats and brick





cream are higher. while limburger is off

1c. 1Vhole5'ale lots, Michigan flats, 131/209

14c: New York flats, 16@161/2c; brick

cream, 17®171/2c; limburger, 141/2@15c.





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





 





Apples—In liberal supply and steady.

Now being quoted at 50063311 per bushel.

and $2013 per bbl.



Grapes—Rather scarce and firm. Del-

awai‘es and Niagaras quoted at 40((845c

per 8-lb. basket.



Peaches.——Supply

ing as to quantity. Market firm.

range from $1011.25 per bu.



Plums—in rather light supply and firm.

Quoted at 312561150 per bu.



Pears.~l’lentiful and selling at $1.256?

1.50 per bu. for liai‘tlctts.



PotatoesfiSupplies show no material

increase and many of the offerings are

small and undesirable. imported tubers

are ouotcd at ”50612.60 per 21/2 bu. sack.

l’ci' bushel. 850W“.



Tomatoes—Values

ings increase. Demand

grown, 506180c pcr bu.



CabbageseeStcady. .lood quality quoted

at $2.25012.50 pcr bbl.





disappoint:

Prices





somewhat





offer-

llome-





declining as

good.





WORTA‘ND RAPIDS.





 





Much retailing in a small way directly

to consumer Was done on the city market

Tuesday morning. l’eaches were in good

supply, selling from $125612 per bushel;

plums brought $1611.50; Bartlett pears.

$1; apples. 75c@$1: grapes, 911.2561‘150 per

dozen baskets. Cantaloupes ranged from

$1671.25 per bu; tomatoes, 5001770c; ‘pota—

toes, 90(‘(1‘3‘1 The egg market is un-

changed. Creamery butter is up one

cent. The mills are quoting grain prices

as follows: \Vheat, 900; oats. 40c; rye,

60c: buckwheat, 650; corn, 79c; beans,

$1.50.





THE L—IVE STOCK MARKETS.





Buffalo.



, September 8, 1913.

(Special Report of Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, New York).

Receipts of stock here today as fol-

lOWS: CattlE'. 210 cars; hogs. 85 double

decks; sheep and lambs, 70 double decks;



calves, 1000. head.





 





With 210 cars of cattle on our market

here today, and 25,000 reported in Chica-

go, our market on all grades of butcher

cattle >was fully 15@25c per cwt'. lower

than last week. There was perhaps a.

half a dozen loads of weighty cattle here,

not near so good quality as last week’s

cattle, and COnSequently the price consid-

eration, while 25@30c below last week,

didn‘t show that much difference in the

value of the cattle. The market was dull

and draggy all day, and at the close there

was a good many common and slippery

cattle unsold. '



We quote: Best 1350 to 1500-lb. steers,

$8.75@9; best 1200 to 1300—lb. do., $8.50@

8.75; best 1100 to 1200-1b. do., $8@8.50;

coarse and plain heavy Steers, $7.25@7.75;

choice handy steers, 1000 to 1100, $8@8.25;

fair to good do., $7697.50; grassy 800 to

1000-lb. steers, $7@7.35; best cows, $6.50@

7; butcher cows, $5.50@6; cutters, $4@

4.50; trimmers, $3.25@3.75; best heifers,

$7.50@7.75; medium butcher heifers. $6.50

((97.25; stock heifers, 5552561575; best feed-

ing steers, $7607.35; fair to good do., $6.50





(06.85; common light stockers. $6606.25;

best butcher bulls, $6616.50: best-bologna





bulls, $5.25@5.50; stock bulls. $5@5.50;

best milkers and springers, $70@80; com-

mon to good do., $50@60.



Our hog market today was 10€P15c low-

er on everything but pig weights; this

grade about steady. Receipts were quite

liberal and the quality not good. Pack-

ers bought their hogs all the way from

$9.20@9.60; heavy weights, $9.20, and the

handy mixed grades at $9.50@9.60; york-

ers sold from $9.55@9.65; light yorkers at

$9.25@9.50; pigs, $8.75@9: light and skip-

py kind $5696; roughs, $8608.25; stags, $7

((37.50. Trade closed strong, and outlook

appears good for balance of week.



The sheep and lamb market was active

today, with prices about the same as the

clob‘e of last week; most of the choice

lambs selling from $7.75@7.90; yearlings,

$5.75@G.25. Look for about steady prices

the balance of the week with moderate





receipts. , '

\Ve quote: Choice lambs, $7.75@7.90;





cull to fair do.. $6657.50; yearlings, $5.75

@6.25;bucks, $3€L3.50; wethers, $5@5.25;





handy ewes, 3545060475: heavy ewes, $3.85

@4; cull sheep, $3603.50; veals, choice to

extra, $12€r12.50; fair to good, $10@11.50;

heavy calves, $55068.





 





Chicago.



September 8, 1913.



Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Receipts today ...... 24.000 37,000 33,000

Same day last year..20,574 28,220 30,490

Receipts last week...55,474 133.032 151.280

Same week last year51,691 153,142 133.678

Total year ago ...... 45,098 98.679 134,629



Twenty-four thousand cattle arriving

Monday proved 3,000 in excess of expec-

tancy and included a big crop of Kansas

and Missouri light and middle weight

steers from dry pastures While there were

2.000 range cattle also. Natives were

scarce and held Steady with last week’s

closing while medium to good went weak

to 10c lower and it was largely a flat 10c

lower trade for common and medium na-

tives. This put latter sorts down 25@30C

from the rates paid a week ago. while

good to choice showed a 156125c decline.

Top was made at $9.10 and a small show-

ing of trades was noted above $8.80. Bulk

of fat beefsteers sold at $8.25fi?8.75, in—

cluding a fair quota of yearlings. Top

yearlings went at $9. Common light Kan-

sas grass steers sold to killers at $66061)

7.35. Butcher stock held last week’s

closing basis and calves went weak to 25c

lower, tops at $11.50. Feeder cattle crop

was largest in many weeks past and

fresh declines of 1069150 were registered.



Hog arrivals of 37,000 fell below the an-

ticipated volume and prices went 10@15c

higher than last week’s closing, light

weights topping at $9.40 and prime heav-

ies made $9; poor to good heavy packing

grades sold at $7.55@8 and mixed pack-

ing made $7.706’L‘8.30 with a fair to choice

butcher class at $8.40@9.25.



Sheep and lamb marketiiigs were 32,000

for the Monday trade and general values

held steady to 100 lower than last week's

closing level. Choice range lambs sold at

$7.60 and fair to good natives brought $7

617.40.

topped at $4.10. Feeding yearlings sold

at $5.50 and feeding eWes at $3.60. Feed—

ing lambs made $7



Too many medium to good native steers

spoiled the price situation last week. Chi-

cago market closed 150125c lower, heavy.

good to choice grades being off most and

fat yearlings least. \\‘eak i‘iiiish followvd

a firm opening. the demand in early

days having been broad. Excessive

supply at Kansas City. even though it was

largely a feeder run proved a bearish in-

fluence. That market had 95,000 cattle

for the week. a new record. and there

were 229,000 arrivals at six chici‘ markets

of the west. Chicago with 55,500 showed

indstly a “beefy” run. Fati- steers were

in big proportion and the range crop

small. Mean acting beef trade in the cast

was a factor in weakening the market,

though there is no prospect of continued

short beef call since cooler weather of

late September should cause a revival of

conssmer trade. The trade looks bullish

on prime steers. They are growing scarc-

er, and predictions that $10 will be paid

before the end of September are freely

made. Top last week was $9.25 and abig

lot of choice heavy steers sold at $8.85@

9. Bulk of medium to good 1,200 to 1,350-

lb, grades, and also yearlings, brought

$8.15@8.60. Common and plain natives off

grass sold down to $7.50@8. Range steers

topped at $8.10, bulk at $6.75@7.25. Na-

tive cows and heifers declined 25@4OC in

sympathy with steers. and bulls were 30

@50c lower, bolognas showing the most.

break. Calves went down 50@750 from

recent record prices. Feeder cattle sales

were steady and a broad Indiana and

Ohio demand prevailed for light stockers.

Native cows sold at $4.75@7.25. heifers up

to $8.25 and most lOts at $6.25@7.50. Can-

ner cows brought $3.25@4 and good cut-

ters went at $4.65. Bulls ‘Sold mainly at





$5@6.25 and choice up to $7.25. Calves





\Vethei's sold up to $4.60 and eweS.





SEPT. 13, 1913.





made $10.50@11.75 on the close but at the

high point sold up to $12.50. Feeding catr

tie sales were within a range of $5.50@

7.85, trashy thin stockers going below $6

and bulk of plain to good stockers at

$6.25@7, while only fleshy strong weight

steers sold at $7.50 and above.



Hog market closed on top, prime lights

landing up to $9.321/2 against $8.75 at the

week’s start. Prices advanced 35c on an

average from Monday to Saturday, the

country having unloaded a heavy crop

the former day, but thereafter supplies

were light and brisk packer and shipper

demand was shown for all good grades.

Best ClaSSeS had most advance, however,

a, considerably wider price spread being

shown at the finish than was in force a

week previous. Packers were good buy-

ers of all above common big packing

classes. Latter grades had mean demand

due to a dull trade in lard. At the finish

it took choice big hogs to land at $8.65@

8.80 and the regulation heavy packing

grades sold at $7.75@8.10 with a rough

sort down to $7.40@7.60. Pigs sold up to

$8.75 for choice and mixed weights at

$5.50fi650. Sick pigs were again con—

spicuous in the supplies. Stags Went at

$8.25fl8.65 and boars at $3.50@4.25.



Big marketings of sheep and lambs

last week forced prices sharply lower,

lambs taking a 4060500 break and sheep

25643400. This applied alone to the fat

stuff, however, a broad demand for feed-

ing stock holding thin classes at previous

week's baSis. Packers claimed to be load-

ed up with product and that eastern de—

mand was short, hot weather being a

factor in reducing consumption. Sheep

acted better than lambs, largely becaUSe

of feeder demand. country buyers outbid—

ding packers for some of the w'ethers.

\Vestern sheep sold to feeders at $4.25@

4.60 and yearlings feeders went up to

$5.60. Range wethers sold at $4@4.60 and

natives up to $4.50. with a cull class at

5532561375 and cull to best native ewes

brought $2.50fi4. Breeding ewes, $3@5.25;

native lambs sold at $6@7.50 and common

to choice range lambs at 36.500.37.80.





NATIONAL CROP REPORT.





 





Corn—Condition. 65.1 per cent of a

normal compared with 75.8 per cent Aug.

1; 82.1 per cent on Sept. 1 last year, and

80.9 per cent the average condition on

Sept. 1 for the past ten years. The indi-

cated yield per acre, estimated from con-

dition reports, is 22 bu., compared with

29.2 bu. harvested last year and 26.5 bu.,

the average yield 1908-12. On the planted

area, 106,884,000 acres, it is estimated the

final total production will be about 2,351,-

000,000 bu.. compared with 3,125,000,000

harvested laSt year and 2,351,000,000 bu.

harvested in 1911.



Oats.-C0ndition, 14 per cent of a nor-

mal at time of harvest, compared with

73.7 per cent on Aug. 1; 92.3 per cent at

time of harvest last year, and 79.3 per

cent the average condition .at time' of





harvest for the past ten years. The in-

dicated yield per acre, estimated from

condition reports, is 27.8 bu., compared





with 37.4 bu. harvested last year, and 29.7

bu., the average yield 1908—12. On the

planted area, 38,341,000 acres, it is esti-

mated the final total production will be

about 1,000,000,000 bu., compared with

l.~il8,000,000 bu. harvested last year, and

922,000,000 bu. harvested in 1911.

Buckwheat.-—Condition, 75.4 per cent

of a normal on Sept. 1, compared with

85.5 per cent on Aug. 1; 91.6 per cent on

Sept. 1 last year, and 87.0 per cent the

average condition on Sept. 1 for the past

tt‘llr years. The indicated yield per acre.

estimated from condition reports, is 18.2





bu., compared with 22.9 bu. harvested

last year and 21.0 bu. the average yield





1908-12. On the planted area, 841,000

acres, it is estimated the final total pro-

duction will be about 15,000,000 bu., com—

pared with 19,000,000 bu. harvested last

year and 18,000,000 bu. in 1911.

Baileys—Condition, 73.4 per cent of a

normal at time of harvest, compared with

74.9 per cent on Aug. 1, 88.9 per cent at

time of ~harVest last year, and 81.1 per

cent the average condition at time of





harvest for the past ten years. The iii-

(llt‘tl‘i‘ed yield per acre, estimated from

coiiui..i.n iepoitS, is 23.2 bii., compared





with 29.7 bu, harvested last year, and 24.5

bu, the avoage yield 1908-12. On the

planted area, 7,255,000 acres, it is esti-

lliiiit‘il the final total production will be

about 108,000,000 bu., compared with 224,-

trootoi) bu. harvested last year and 160,-

000.000 bu. harvested in 1911.



i’oiatoes.+C(iii(lititiii, 69.9 per cent of a

normal on Sept. 1, compared with 78.0

per cent on Aug. 1, 87.2 per cent on Sept.

1, last year, and 79.4 per cent, the aver-

age conditiOn Sept. 1 for the past ten

years. The indicated yield per acre, es-

timated from condition reports, is 88.1

bu., compared with 113.4 bu. harvested

last year, and 96.1 bu., the average yield

harvested 1908-12. On the planted area.

3,085.000 acres, it is estimated the final

total production will be about 325,000,000

bu., compared with 421.000.000 bu. har-

vested last year and 293,000,000 bu. har-

ve>ted in 191.1.



Hay.—A preliminary

total production of hay

000,000 tons, compared

tons harvested last year and 55,000,000

tons harvested in 1911. The quality of

the hay crop is estimated at 91.7 per

cent, compared with 92.4 per cent last

year and 92.1 per cent, the average for

the past ten yearS.



Apples—Condition, 74.7 per cent of a.

normal, on Sept. 1, compared with 52.2

per cent on Aug. 1, 67.9 per cent on Sept.

1, last year, and 54.4 per cent the average

condition on Sept. 1 for the past ten

years.





estimate of the

places it at 63,-

with 73,000,000





Book Notice.





Philip of Texas. By James Otis. The

last volume of the popular Otis Pioneer

Series for children’s reading, told as if

narrated by the hero himself. Cloth,

12mo. 153 pages, illustrated. Price, 350.

American Book Co., Chicago.





 





 





‘ 5...?“ *_.;*--
em. 13.91913: '





runs is THE Finer sornou.





 





In the first edition the Detroit Live

Stock Markets are reports of last week;

all other markets are right up to date.

Thursday's Detroit Live Stock markets

are given in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi-

tion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early than they, do for Thursday’s

Detroit Live Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that eaect.





 





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKET‘.





 





Thursday’s Market.

Septmeber 4. 1918.

cattle.





Receipts, 997. Market steady at Wed-

nesday's prices.



We quote: Extra dry-fed steers and

heifers, $8; steers and heifers, 1000 to

1200, $7.25@7.75; do. 800 to 1000, $7@7.25;

grass steers and heifers that are fat, 800

to 1000. $7@7.25; do. 500 to 700, $5@6;

choice. fat cows, $6; good do, $5.50@5.75;

common do, $4.50@5; canners, $3@4.25;

choice heavy bulls, $6.50; fair to good

bolognas, bulls, $5.75@6.25; stock bulls,

$5@5.50,; choice feeding steers, 800 to

1000, $6.75@7.25; fair do. 800 to 1000,

$6.25@6.75; choice stockers, 500 to 700,

$6.50@6.75; fair do, 500 to 700, $5.50@

6.25; stock heifers, $5@5.50; milkers,

large, young, medim age, $60@85; com-

mon milkers. $40@50.



Spicer & R. sold Sullivan P. Co. 4

butchers av 980 at $6, 1 cow weighing 950

at $4; to Breitenbeck 1 bull weighing 870

at $5.75; to Deck 18 feeders av 736 at $7.10.

6 stockers av 590 at $6.50, 4 do av 480 at

$5.12; to Rattkowsky 3 cows av 960 at

$5; to Kamman B. Co. 12 butchers av

832 at $6.25; to Mich. B. Co. 25 do av

922 at $6.65, 3 steers av 900 at $7; to

Kill] 1 steer weighing 710 at $6.75; to

Clough 4 do av 772 at $6.50; to Rattkow-

Sky 1 cow weighing 570 at $5.50; to Sul-

livan 1”. Co- 1 bull weighing 480 at $5.25,

2 do av 1485 at $6.25, 1 do weighing 1120

at $6, 2 do av 660 at $5.50, 4 cows av 1012

at $5.75, 1 do weighing 850 at $4.50. 2

steers av 635 at $5.75, 3 cows av 876 at

$4.50, 4 do av 980 at $6, 1 do weighing

950 at $4.-



ROe Com. Co. sold Breitenbeck 5 cows

av 974 at $5, 1 do weighing 1000 at $4.25;

to Rattkowsky 5 do av 1040 at $5.50; to

Mason B. Co. 1 bull weighing 900 at $6.

3 cows av 1053 at $5.75; to Torrey 10

stockers av 456 at $6; to Kulow 9 do av

446 at $6; to Goodwin 3 COWS av- 873 at

$4.50: to Mich, B. CO. 2 bulls av 910 at $6.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Fish 1 stocker

weighing 540 at $6.50. 3 feeders av 783





*at $7; to Sullivan P. Co. 1 bull weighing





640 at $5.50, 5 cows and bulls av 1020 at

$6. 4 do av 1140 at $6.25, 1 cow weighing

910 at $5, 2 do av 985 at $5.25, 1 bull

weighing 480 at $5.25; to Mich. B. Co. 7

steers av 900 at $7.40, 2 cows av 1185 at

$6, 2 do av 935 at $5, 6 do av 985 at $5.75;

to Spencer 6 do av 926 at $4.50; to Brei-

tenbeck 8 butchers av 764 at $6.75, 4 do

av 657 at $6, 4 steers av 920 at $7. 4 cows

av 900 at $4.50; to Cooke 4 steers av 1090

at $8; to Sullivan P. Co. 5 bulls av 482 at

$5.75; to Goose 5 butchers av 430 at $5.35,

2 do av 640 at $6; to Parker, W. & Co.

1 steer weighing 1020 at $7.75; to Duff

2 stockers av 500 at $6.50, 4 do av 675 at

$5.45; to Mason B. Co. 6 butchers av 700

at $6.50; to Hirschleman 7 do av 750 at

$6.65: to Sullivan P. Co. 8 cows av 785

at $5. 7 butchers av 631 at $575, 3 cows

av 866 at $4.75, 1 steer weighing 900 at

$7.25, 6 butchers av 750 at $5.85, 3 do av

800 at $6.50, 3 do av 923 at $5.50; to Kull

22 steers av 820 at $7.10; to Marx 3 do

av 677 at $6.25; to Bresnahan 12 butchers

av 530 at $5.90; to Austin 3 stockers av

777 at $5.35; to Parker, W. & Co. 4 cows

av 895 at $4; to Thompson Bros. 3 do av

197 at $4.50.



Haley & M. sold Breitenbeck 2 heifers

av 845 at $6.50. 1 cow weighing 910 at

$4.50; to Grant ,9 butchers av 536 at $5.90.

3 do av 666 at $6.35, 2 cows av 1005 at

$6.25; to Sullivan P. Co. 4 bulls av 482

at $5.25, 10 butchers av 820 at $6.65, 2

cows av 1075 at $6.25. 1 bull weighing 960

at $6.25, 2 butchers 211575 at $5.25, 8 do

av 576 at $6, 1 cow weighing 1100 at $5.60,

2 bulls av 610 at $5.25, 2 do av 700 at

$5.50; to Applcbaum 2 cows av 1040 at

$5.65, 3 do av 907 at $4.75; to Goose 6

butchers av 408 at $5.50; to Fish 1 steer

weighing 880 at $6.75, 2 stockers av. 645

at $6.75. 3 do av 680 at. $6.75. 2 do av 665

at $6.65: to Kull 7 steers av 814 at $7, 1

bull weighing 920 at $6, 5 heifers av 632

it $6.50; to Hammond, S. & C0. 2 cows

av 925 at $3.75, 2 do av 955 at $4.25; to

Mich. B. Co. 1 bull weighing 1050 at $6;

to Ludwig 1 stocker weighing 600 at $6.

12 do av 562 at $6.50, 12 do av 530 at

$6.30: to Mich. B. Co. 1 steer weighing

920 at $7, 1 bull weighing 1760 at $6.50;

to Applebaum 1 heifer weighing 710 at





.5650. 2 cows av 770 at $5.15: to Cooke

7 butchers av 736 at $6.40; to Snow 24-





stockers av 448 at $6.25.



Allington sold Ludwig 18 stockers av

700 at $6. _



Weeks sold Newton B. Co. 13 butchers

51v 807 at $6. ‘



Same sold BreSnahan 6 heifers av 505





at $6.

Allington sold Marx 3 cows av 937 at

$5.60, 5 steers av 780 at $0.65. ’

Veal Calves.





Receipts. 385. Market steady. Beat.

$11@12; others, $6@10.75.



Spicer & R. sold Parker, W. & Co. 1

weighing 250 at $10. 2 av 135 at $12. 4

av 150 at $12. 3 av 206 at $10. 3 av 156 at

$11, 1 weighing 170 at $12. 2 av 160 at

$12. 2 av 205 at $11.50; to Mich. B. 00,. 1

giggling 340 at $8; to Goose 2 av 290 at



Haley I: H. sold Applebaum 3 av 326

at $8: to Newton B. 00. 3 av 186 at $11.

5 at I” at $11.50: to Parker. W. & Co.

1 weighing 300 at 88. 9 av 100 at $12; to

Goose ," av 210 at $10; to Mich. B. 00.4





" $7; fair to good lambs, $6.50@6.75;





.





llllllllfllllmlllll





hmmmmmc





   





:: $31310 It ‘9. 2 av 240 at $10. 5 at 135 gflflflmlfllI““ll"IllI"llIIIHI"Ill"ll"llIIllINlllllllllllllllllllllmll"m“ll"I"ll"llllllllllllllmmL"

— . . .

ing :70 at $6.50. 3 av 210 at $9.50; to D t [I I y ~

Parker, W. & Co. 13 av 160 at $12, 6 av = e erl a .

gogge 614 “3250 at $6.75, 7 av 225 at CONDUCTED BY w. c. FAIR, v. s.__

' ’ av 1 5 at ‘11'50' to Thompson Advice through this department is free





Weeks 'sold Burnstine 4 av 155 at $12.

Bishop, B. & H. sold Rather 1 weigh-

210 at $11.50, 1.weighing 160 at $12. 5 av E ,

165 at $11.50, 1 weighing 130 at $11.50; to "

BrOS. 6 av 155 at $12; to Mich. B. Co.

1 w i hi . to our subscribers. Each communication

8 g "g 220 at 39’ 4 av 155 at $11’ to should state history and symptoms of the





11 ‘

S“ ”a“ P' .3110. 9 av 15° at 311‘50' case in run; also name and address of

6°? 30d LambS- , writer. Initials only will be published.

Receipts, 5995. Market steady with Many queries are answered that apply to

Wednesday. Lambs 50@750 lower than the same ailments. If this column is





Best lambs, watched carefully you will probably find

light the desired information in a reply that

to common lambs, $5@6.25; fair to good has been made to someone else. When

sheep, $3.75@4.25; culls and common, $2 reply by mail is requested. it becomes

3. private practice, and a tee of $1.00 must

Spicer & R sold Hayes 13 sheep av 60 accompany the letter. »

at $4, 41 lambs av 60 at $6.50, 16 do av . _

65 at $5.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 52 do av Chrome Cracked Heels—stocking.—My

75 at $7, 37 do av 50 at $6.25; to Costello three-year-old colt had scratches last

24 do av 50 at $6; to Hayes 3 do av 45 at spring and on account of having to drive

$5.25; to Mich. B. Co. 27 sheep av 100 at mm in fluid roads it took quite a While

$4.25, 88 do av 76 at $6.75; to Thompson to heal_soreS. Since getting over this at-

Bros. 40 do av 65 at $6.25; to Young 85 tack his hind legs have stocked, when-

do av 70 at $6.65, 10 do av 45 at $5.50. ever he stands a few hours in stable. Qur

Haley & M. Sold Bray 143 lambs av 75 local Vet. gave_me some medicine to glve

at $7, 96 sheep av 105 at $3.75; to Mich. mm. but it failed to make any impres-

B. Co. 17 do av 125 at 34; to Newton B. snon. R. B.. PigeOn, Mlch.——lee him a

C0, 62 lambs av 73 at $635, 60 do av 65 dessertspoonful of Donovan’s solution at

at $7, 18 sheep av 80 at $3.75, 4 lambs av a. (1050 1“ feed three times a (1%”? 3190

80 at $7, 25 do av 58 at $6, 91 do av 75 give a teaspoonful of powdered nitrate of

at $7, 34 sheep av 115 at $4_ . potash once 0r _tw1ce‘ a day, and apply

Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P. Co. one part carbollc sold and nine parts

22 sheep av 100 at $4, 14 do av 90 at $3, glycerlne to sore heels once or twice a





12 lambs av 48 at 5, 31 do av 67 at 6.50; ay.

to NewtOn B, C06 147 lambs av :5 at Barren Cow.—I have a valuable Hol-





6.65 4 shee av 105 a .75; 0 Ha es stein cow ten years old. that gave birth

:1 lambs av p55 at $6, 3% 3‘: av t57 at £6; to calf Jan. .7, 1913. She came in heat

to Thompsou Bros. 61 sheep av 90 at about the middle of March, bred her to

$3.60; to Calkins 37 do av 85 at $3; to a very sure bull, came in heat again for

Nagle P. Co. 26 do av 100 at $375, 69 several times; bred her three different

lambs av 65 at $6.75, 17 do av 75 at $7. “.mi’s ‘0 first bull- the“ “’0“ her three

39 do av 75 at $7, 6 sheep av 115 at $4: different times to another good bull. The

to Mich. B. Co. 28 do av 90 at $4, 24 do last time I bred her she continued in heat





av 100 at $4 62 lambs av 73 at $6.50. 19 about six days and fell off some in milk





, yield. L. J. B., Clio, Mich.—She suitors

do av 60 at $7' 14 do av 50 at $6' 40 do av from an acid condition of genital tract.





1' . . _



$12723}: g'7%0}01§h1:%)b:va£1%5d23435235‘s“ Dissolve 1,4, lb. bicarbonate soda in two

Roe Com. Co. sold Barlage 40 lambs av quarts of water and m-leCt her daily. Be

60 at $7. 15 sheep av 90 at $2.50, 41 do av sure to 'l‘JeCt her three 01‘ four hours be—



105 at $4; to Hammond, S. & C0. fogamatlmglher. . - - -

lambs av 85 at $7. vlcu ar ameness—Partlal Dislocation

of Stlfle.——I would like to know where my

HOQS- mare is lame. She has shown lameness

None sold up to noon, Off and on in one fore quarter for the

prOSpects as foumvs; past two years; shoulder is not sweenied

Range of prices: Light to good butch- and does not seem to be sore. Our local

ers, $8.75@8.80; pigs, ”@325; mixed, $8.75 Vet. thought lameness might be in lower

@330; heavy, $350; stags one—third of, part of shoulder, foot is somewhat fever-

Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker. W. & Co. 35h. DOIntS toe and drags foot when back-

600 av 180 at $8.80, 310 av 170 at $8.75, ing, but does not drag foot when travel-

475 av 180 at $8.70, 210 'av 150 at $8.50. lng; I forgot to mention that this mare

Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 250 13 “1 f0&1- I also have a four-year-old

av 190 at $8.80, 100 av 160 at $8.75. mare that has a locking of stifle occa-

Splcer & R. sold Hammond, S & Co. snonally Whfin standing in stable, but neV-

64 av 190 at $8.80, 120 av 160 at $8.70. er shows It When OUt doors or in har-





Haley & M. sold same 210 av 190 at ness. F. B. M., Breedsvllle, Mich—I am

$8.80, 140 3" 165 at $8.70. inclined to believe that the lameness is





in cofiin joint and she will be benefited by

applying lanolin (wool fat) to hoof once

a day and blister coronet evory week or

ten days with one part red iodide mer-

cury and eight parts estate of catharides;

or you may use any one of the blisters





last week; sheep 25c lower.





Receipts, 2491.





 





Friday’s Market.

September 5, 1913.

Cattle.





Recei ts h' k. '

1447. pMarlfrelts :2:de 1132' $551-$232 that are regularly advertised in this pa-

prices. _ per. Now, in chronic cases of this kind,

“re quote: Best dry-fed steers and I sometimes find it necessary to remove





heifers, $8@8.50; steers and heifers, 1000 abo‘” One “‘“h 0‘ the nerve °" 8““ Side

to 1200’ $7.50@7.75; do. 800 to 1000’ $6.75 of fore leg, either above or below fetlock

@725; grass steers and heifers that are Joint and if the lameness is in foot, it will

fat, 800 to 1000, $6.75@7.25; do 500 to 700. ”’“eve he“. ,



$6@6.75; choice fat cows, $6.25@6.50; good Coffin Jomt Lameness~Shoulder Weak-

d0., $5.50@5.75; common do, $4@5.25; can- "egg-"F“ the Past “V0 years my “"59

ners, $2.506“: choice heavy bulls, $6.25@ has been lame ln_left fore foot or shoul-

6.50; fair to good bolognas, bulls, $5.75@ der and I would like to know what to do.

6; stock bulls, $4.50@5.25; choice feeding ““d “0 enlargement Shr‘m‘age 0‘ fever

steers, 800 to 1000, $6.75@7; fair do.. '800 and When he went ”me he WW“ Start

to 1000. $5.25@s.75; choice stockers, 500 to’f’“t ”meet” 5mm“ and the“ grow lame’

700. $6.50@6.75; fair stockers, 500 to 700, and after a 5m" Fer“ come 0‘" appar'

$5.75@6; stock heiferS, $4.50@6; milkers, ently sound. My opinion is that the trou-





. ble is in coffin 'oint but h m b l in

large, youn , medium a e, 6 @8 ; m- - J ' e ay e a e

on ilkeri, $40@50. g $ 0 5 0° in shoulder. For the past four months he





has been altogether too lame to be used.



Veal Calves. A. P, T., Burr Oak, Mich—If you have



Receipts this week, 429; last week. 343. not already done so, blister shoulder with



Market steady at Thursday’s prices. Best one part powdered cantharides and four



$11@12; others, $6@10.50, gents fresh lard three times a month; also



Sheep and Lambs. is er coronet with one part red iodide



Receipts, this week, 6811; last week. {nelrcury and four parts “i“ I am I-m-jSt



4940. Market steady. Best lambs. $ : lggzzefsstoaggllexe gag; Cite Of coffin Jontlt



fa' ., . ' , . _ e necessary 0

1" to good do $6 50@5 75' hght to com nerve him before he will go sound.





mon lambs, $5@6: fair to good sheep $3 50



. . - Abnormal Heat—On August 4, m heif-



@4- culls and common. 32-50@3- er dropped her first calf. seeminglyyclean-



ed'properly, but she has remained in heat

r ' last week. quite a portion of time since; but for the

3.316. market 20c higher. past few days while running with my oth-



Range of prices: Light to good butch- er cattle she appears quiet. Her milk

ers, $9; pigs, $8.25; mixed. $8.90@9; heavy flow is large and so far as I can tell, nor-

$8.75@8.90; stags one-third 01f. mal. C. R, Troy, Mich.—Doubtless



_————.— she has recovered from a mild inflamma-



D. B. Zimmerman, of Pennsylvania. “9“ 0f ovaries, uterus and vagina and

the largeSt individual operator in cattle Wm perhaps get w1th calf When bred. Give

in the United States, whose purchases in her two tablespoonfuls bicarbonate soda

recent years in Mex1co and in Texas have and a teaspoonful. powdered nitrate 0f

run upwards of 100.000 head. is a lead- potash at a dose in feed two or three

an: tbullbog1 the future.l of the market. ”22:32532" Chronic COugh M .



a pro 3 y exp ains is extensive pur- ‘“ . "— y nine-

IchaseS. . He bgugiht 621,003 Mexican cattle Efnacréolgegoff gafigl‘fifggmgffFlaséhsmmg‘

ast spring an ippe t em in Texas to V - I ‘0“ occa«

kill the splenetic fever tick and later Slonally, espeClally if mUCh dUSt is blow-





awn... .. Kansas m... wm

:‘ggtTleiraarléOtrfot bgtgilggtgo ti: 01:23:; litillee that his trouble is .in throat, but I have

United States for another decade at a suspicion that his trouble wxll termi-





least," Mr. 2' r _ nate in heaves. E. A., Big Rapids, Mich.

cage the 0thégigiaeyman remarked at Chi *Apply to throat one part turpentine. one





“In my home state, -

Pennsylvania, hardly a farmer raises a £30221nodal?pelvixrirtiliaylbra?googfidpggcttasaigitrlf

steer calf but every fall and spring thou- ally apply iodine ointment. Give him a

:andshof them go into the markets to deSSertspoonful of Fowler's solution and

uy t m steers to feed. They re the fel- y, 02, of powdered licorice at a dose three

lows, along with tens of thousands of oth- times a day, Give a dessertspoonful of

er farmers east of the Missouri river. g]yco-her0in (Smith) at a dose thre

who are creating high cattle prices. They times a day, e

will not raise a few cattle of their own. Worms—We have a calf that has a

The western range production is short. good run of second crop clover and tim-

Its going to be shorter this year than othy, also fed milk night and morning

last and another Year we will see the but she does not seem to thrive She is

most acute beef shortage this country has thin, coat rough and seems to be insane

ever had. Free meats from South Am- after green corn. R. P.. Midland Mich.—

eriea are not going to affect the Ameri- Give her 30 81‘s. powdered sulphate iron.

can cattle growers' market. South Am- and a dessertspoonful of ground gentian

erlca has not the surplus supply which at a. dose in feed two or three times a

would be required in face of our grow- day. Also let her have plenty of green

lng population, to efl’ect a. decline in the corn. She should also be well salted and

prices for our range and corn-fed beeves." ted some ground oats.





Hogs.

Receipts this week, 3134:





 





 





, 19—231





MapleSugalMakels

N 0 W





IS THE TIME





 

 





to It I M uncaring. If



1:...“ first; as

V



the market. bui.’ the I. I. L. Write us for cattle.



and prices. lentioo Michigan Farmer.





Warren Evaporator Wits" Warren. 0.

. PUIP GRIND SAW an:

Wood Hills In Best. Engines are Shpel

Feed (killers. Saw



Fro-es. Steel Tub ,-





CA‘I’m” "II





 

   

   





“I.” WAIT“





Perb'H—k





Mb — “'0 Will.





Save

Don't rah-duds or fields. Send odoy for tree

illustrated catalog of wheels and wagons.

[Iconic m c... 85 II- 80.. Quincy...





 





 





ESMEAN HARVESTERS





If you are in need of a Bean Harvester

now is the time to buy. Get a. Lehr and

you will be well pleased. It is well built.

Easy to operate and fully adjustable.



Don't wait, but write today for prices. Allin“

THE LEHR AGRICULTURAL 00.,

0.0!. I. FREMONT OHIO.





FARMERS, ATTENTION!





Aeonplete stock of Dynamite. Powder and Blast?

in; Supplies is carried at our magazine

Di. Your Ditches. Plant Your Trees

and Blow Your Stumps with Dynamite

Write for prices and booklets.





llstlll Powder 0... Trusted concrete lldx..ncmll,llcll.

Pulverized Lime Rock





We can ship in carlood Tote in two days after ordor

is received from Huekegon and Benton Harbor.

Write for prices direct to you.





LAKE 5H0!!! STONE 00.. "Nanak... Wis.





We Want HAT 81 STTTAW





We ten-hemp prieeon was. make

liberal odnnoeme to and prompt remiss-noel.





Daniel W’s Sells Co.

HTTSIUIG, PA.

Moron“. W-hingb- I‘m-t m. or who-h in on.

4“ m “in. “Mrs: it:





FARMER Oficial e to





new-laid ”chipped directto us by express. Write no

for information. t will pay you. American Butter

& Choose 00.. 31-33 Griswold Stu Detroit. Inch.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





-8noll consignment- tron

. EGGS, Etc. dnoers in Miehigenbring so?

attractive prices. Returns day of arrival.

. Refer to Don or Bradstreet.

Zenith Butter I In 00.. 855-59 Bruntlehst. lot You-LL!





 





for car lo The E. L. Richmond a... DO“...





H Av Potatoes. moles. We pay highest market price

Illoll. Responsible representatives wanted.





 





Breeders’ Directory—Continued”.

SHEEP.





IT PAYS TO BUY PURE DIED SHEEP

0F PARSONS. "the sheep man of the eastz"

I sell and ship everywhere and pay express

charges. I will start one man in each two.

Write for club offer and descriptive price list.

Shropshires. Rambouillet. Polled-Delaines and-





pARSON OXFORDS. R 1





Grand Ledge. Michigan:





' —Yearling and ram lamb- tnoln Chan: ion

flock of Thumb of Mich. Also select rk

Ihil'o swine. Elnhnrot Stock Farm. Almont. Mich.





SIRE? FOR SALE IN CAILOAD 101‘s.





PABKHU‘RST 8808.. Reed Cit]. “low.





Boga 61711060in Shop, Fun BM Poland Chin

B





S and PEBCHEEON HORSES. 25‘ mil“

E. Monica. on G. T. R. B. and M. U. B. J. 0. A. 000K.





Y entire flock of Mutated Bamboulllot

Sheep for sale at. a bargain. Both sexes and all

ages. IRA B. BALDWIN. R. F. D. 6. Hastings. Mich.





‘ in oflering more and better

The we F‘m Shro ire Sheep than ever

before. 11 stock reoorded. rite us what you wont

HERBERT I. POWELL. Ionia. Mich. Citizen's Phone.





HKOYSKIIE nus. Registered. Sired by Imp. Milton run.

Quality for grade or registered floch. Also some you“

ewes. Prices right. WILLIS S. MEADE. Lepeer. lichignn.





 





 





T“ II‘ 2nd Prize two-yoer-old Shropshire Rams 191‘:





Also year! Reno and

sole. E. E LELAEBdt SON. n Arbor. Michigan.





EIGHTH” sumnfllflfnf'“ ““1 "“3 “m”

Buodlngofthohut. Eon-y rmmflffitfmpgi:

“WRITE III: “I Elf: “I SILL

DAN 300m 1:. 1. Marion. Michigan.



Writ. baton





.

has—Good one. cheap. .

110% more rad”: W? W





 





chi on.

Summon run! I. mayo-‘3 old. and?”





of? "fl MM». ”3'3: um
2327—20





 

 

 

 





Harvesting a Magnificent Crop of Western

Canadian Oats— Yield 115 Bushels





—— as usual

WesternCanada’ sCrops onTop!





So big profits are practically certain for Western Canada

farmers this year. OUR CROPS WERE NEVER BETTER

THAN NOW. And don’ i: forget what an enormous crop

we had last year.



Come and take up FREE or LOW PRICE LAND—

richest soil on earth. Raise the finest and biggest yield

grain you ever saw. Money here in stock—horses. dairy

and beef cattle that are champions of the earth, hogs

that bring immense profits. sheep, poultry, all these make

wealth in Western Canada. A farm home and inde-

pendence await you here. It will pay you to obtain

official information about all this.





fiiil‘s’i’h‘ili Books-F REE

Let us show you how you can trade each wornont were you now





all about our good markets. railroads. fine towns. schools. churches.





Western Canada. GAIN A FORTUN

FREE Homesteads and Low Price R. R. Lands. The Canadian





and your farm will pay for itself.





Opportunities. Crop Statistics. Openings in 0Grouimi 'l‘ owns. etc. Send a few

lines now. right away. to any one of the to lowing officials:





W. R. MOTHERWELL,

Minister of Agriculture, Minister of Agriculture,

Edmonton. Alberta Regina, Saskatchewan

N.A. THORNTON. Colonization Agt.. W. P. HlNTON. C.P





Canadian Pacific Railway, Grand Trunk PacAific R11. .,

Chicago. Ill.





DUNCAN MARSHALL,





W. D. SCOTT.





It. L. FAIRBAIRN. G.P . _

Supt. of Immtgratwn.





Canadian Northern Railway,

Toronto. Ontario





 

 





own for ten rich virgin acres that will yield you enormous crops. Learn

homes—best of all learn how YOU can make five to ten times the

return in money farming HERE thafiéou are now making. Come to





Government' Is making free grants of 160- acre homesteads to every adult

male applicant. Or you can buy land near railroad. $11 to $30 an acre for

finest grazing, mixed farming and grain lands—20 years in which to pay





and Official Information FREE.

Write for Illustrated Booklets rFree Booklets. Map‘ Pmofs of





Winnipeg. Manitoba





ttawa. Ontario





 





 





 





 





$600 to 5990 gives you a Weds-Worth light general

utility tractor suitable for your farm—large or small.

Tested and proved in actual farm work. Will go any-

where horses can, and do many times as much work.

Light weight—does not pack soil, sink into soft

ground, or injure roads like heavy machines. Never

gets tired. Eats only when at work. Best and cheap

est power for plowing. harrowing, disking, harvesting.

haying. building roads logging, spreading‘ manure.

hauling produce to market and doing other horse illing jobs.

Better t an stationary and portable_ engines for operating

threshers, ensila e cutters, feed grinders, pumps,_ wood

saws, electric lig t plants and other machinery requiring

power. Reducesg cost by doing more work with less help.





Get the Book of Tractors—Free





Learn how Wadsworth Tractors operate on

kerosene, which' Is cheaper, safer and ives

more wer per gallon than gasoline. ow



aso operate on gasoline or distillate,

so you don’t have to rely on one fuel.

How any boy old enou h to trust with a

team can handle any adsworth Trac-

tor. Handlest tractor ever built;

made better than they have to be.

A sure investment for any farm-

er. Six sizes-6 to 18 h.



Our free booklet tells the

whole story—send for it today.





Detroit Engine Works

1021 Jefferson Ave.

Detroit. Mich.





 





 





NIAGARA SEED Wl'l EAT





acre. and will stand the most severe winters. re-

clesned at $1. 50 per bushel bags 250 extra. cash with

order. no order see [£th smaller than 5 bushels

WOODCOTE STOC





GOEING WHEAT. A hardy variety of bearded

red wheat. Stlfl straw Never lod es. Very produc-

tive. Ihave rown it for ears.

and price.





—Our prices are the

yihflfilllmr‘hls 2581; 23332.33? i321: YOUR APPLES





and plants. Bend for catalog at once and order for





iilhyuffi‘glirnstNurseries,Box Z,Moscow,0.





 





FABMER "“5

NOTICE

Be sure and see our exhibit



at the Michigan State Fair.



Main Building.



llIE Vllllii SEED 00., Mschanicsburg, Ohio.





A white bald wheat that will yield 50 bushels per





FARM. Ionia. Michigan.





SEED WHEAT





rite for sample

OLON C. L LLIE. Coopersville. Mich.





 





Ask for our





 

 





WILL NET YOU :- _ f

MORE MONEY , - iglhgg





 





SEED WHEA





yielding beardless Aariety. Send today for circular. mm o! prrsrun. “ppm .





Gold coin Seed Wheat. cleaned, baldi) 1913N cro Kover LB. Parquhu- 00..





After you have installed a

Efgdyfizg Monarch Hydraulic Cider





Press. We are the largest





 





WALLACE BROS" Bay Shore. Michigan.





butter cookeis, erspora;

tors, (2th., in the country.





 





43 bu. per acre. bl389 Ltd.Box108,York,Ps.





 





 





 





free. Muncytown Stock Farm. elat bRock.o Mich. -....... . _





   





 

 





.. .‘0.’1:Y:'g€‘2.91fl‘





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





When you have learned that crops feed from the soil just as

. animals feed from the crops isn 't it reasonable that there is a

' "r - - limit to the amount of plant food In the soil, and that with

- - continual cropping the time must come when the soil



‘3 will lack a sufficient amount of one or more of the

2.. essential elements of plant food to make its

“cultivation profitable. _ [Soil surveys and

‘ . experiments conducted by state and



' , nation have proved that the

0"":~ .. average soil-of the Central



’ and Eastern states are

deficientin the el-

ement Phos-

phorus.





Rock ~

Phosphate ‘ ‘- '

is offered to the

farmers of this sec- ..

tion only after many ‘

years of careful experiments

by the leading Agricultural Col- ' 7.7‘

leges had guaranteed the truth of this

statement: “When properly used in an

intelligent system of culture and crop rotation

Rock Phosphate is the most economical, and

the only rmanent source of Phosphorus." The ,

investment of 1.00 per acre per year in Rock Phosphate will not only restore





the Phosphorus removed In the crops but will Increase the fertility Of the soil till max- A

imam crops are possible. Let us send you literature and prices. Mention this paper.





. S 551:.

s’E’iE ””‘i’ “WE" fi M ”r CWA‘L ff ’0 .“S~





" .- “COLUMBIA: TENN.





vi may; or





.- 1:}.





       





   

 





 





t2 ‘Vv',





TH E MIC H;I'G;A N: :F A R M ER;-

aéllllllllll|l|l|||||llllIllll|lllllll|||IlllIllIllI|IIllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lIlllIIlll|Ill"lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllll|III||ll|lllIIl!|II|ll“.IlIll|llll|llll|IIlllll|llI||||llllllNil|IllllllllllIlllIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIHIE





Horticulture.





ORCHARD NOTES.





 





There is one plum which the San Jose

scale does not seriously injure, and that

is the Wild Goose. But that is not a

good reason why northern fruit growers

should plant it. If the scale does not

want it, who does?



The Wild Goose is a name which car-

ries confusion with it. The term is best

known as applied to a variety of native

plum. Had it stopped ‘with that there

might have been no objection to it, but

it did not. It is also the name of a fam-

ily or type of plums, so the result is con-

fusion. The ‘Vild Goose is a family of

plums consisting of several varieties of

which/she most important is the IVild

Goose, a. condition of affairs which is

continually resulting in mistakes.



V‘Vhile some varieties of the lVild Goose

type are found among northern plums,

the family for the most part belongs to

the central region. Farther south is the

Chickasaw group, which is classed as

distinct- from the Wild Goose. These are

the distinctions made by pomologists,

though the public does not always go to

this trouble, but is, in reality, more con—

cerned with varieties than with families.



In the centr districts the “’ild Goose

variety is of commercial importance. It

is medium in size, bright red and pretty

on the outside. In regard to the inside,

there is silence. But as it comes early it

is tolerated for cooking by those who are

hungry enough for plum sauce. So it has

a place on the early fruit market in

northern cities.



But the “'in Goose variety is‘not to be

recommended for planting in northern

orchards. The tree is hardy enough for

the fruit district about the great lakes,

but the fruit is not early enough to com-

pete with southern plums, nor good

enough to be given a place beside the

northern varieties. Compared with Japs

or Domestics it is very inferior.





The inferior quality is not the only

objection to the \Vild Goose plum. The

type has the fault of the native American

plums in being self-sterile. Plant one

variety alone and the probabilities are

that there will be little fruit harvested.

The trees may bear a full crop of blos-

soms, but little fruit will be set and that

will mOStly drop early. Two or more va-

rieties should be planted and these such

as have an affinity for one another. This

will explain why some of these native

varieties have never borne well. There

are no varieties of the right sort close

enough at hand to pollenize the blossoms.

They will continue sterile till there are

trees of the proper sort at hand.



The sterility of the plum has been giv-

en careful study by American orticul—

turists and is now well understjgd. Va-

rieties have been tabulated till ow it is



possible to tell at a glanceAWhat kinds

should be planted together. Such infor-

mation is of no little importance to. the

beginner in plum growing.



It is not alone the native American va-

rieties that are prone to race suicide.

The Japanese varieties havo an inclina-

tion in the some direction. Such a state-

ment will sound strange to those who

have seen the heavy crops borne by

Abundance or by Burbank trees. The

fruit sometimes loads the branches till it

looks as though there were soarcely room

for another plum. Even the cun-ulio is

not able to thin the fruit enough. More

than half drops off and then there is too

much. A little sterility would be welcom-

ed by the owner who has to pick off two-

thirds of the green fruit in order that the

remainder may be of some size. To be

Sure, those are the two most important

of the Japs, but there are many other

varieties and some of them are benefited

by cross pollenation.



The European or Domestic plums are

not usually given to sterility, but are

quite able to take care of themselves

when planted alone. Yet even with them

it is better to plant more than one va—

riety. It seems to be a law of nature

that plants are more responsive to the

pollen of another variety than to their

own. The rule may be carried a step

farther and apply to individuals of a va-

riety. A tree standing alone is not usu-

ally as productive as when there are two,

even of the same variety. Of course,

there are exceptions, and many of them.

Sometimes a tree standing alone will

make a record for potency that is rarely

equaled, but these are the exceptions

that do not: diSprove the rule. Freaks





 





SEPT. 13, 1913.





 





filllIll|||lIIllIIlllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IllllllIllllllllllllllllIHIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IIHIIIIIHIll||llllllll|III|IlllllllllllIII!llllllllllllllllllllllllHIE





must not be taken too seriously, whether

botanical or human.



Besides the families into which plums

are divided there is a long list of hybrids

which have been produced by crossing

these types. Such varieties are as much

inclined to sterility as their parents, per-

haps more so. Usually, these varieties

are not of commercial value, except in





limited localities, but some of them are .





large and of excellent quality. They are

adapted to the home orchard of the plum

fancier rather than to the commercial

grower, though those who grow fancy

fruit will find among them varieties which

are profitable, as well as a pleasure to

grow.





Oakland Co. F. D. WELLS.





ERADICATION OF PLANT LICE ON

CABBAGE.





 





 





Such a season as the one we are ex-

periencing now is one in which plant-

lice thrive and do a great deal of dam-

age. Plant-lice are especially present

during dry cool seasons‘ because Such

conditions are not conducive to the

growth and rapid multiplication of their

natural enemies. The larvae of the lady-

bird, (often called lady-bug), feed on

plant-lice and seem to prefer thiS‘diet to

any other and «so the 1ady~bird should be

a welcome guest in the cabbage patch

and should never be destroyed.



If one goes into a cabbage patch and

finds the leaves curled up, he may be

reasonably sure that plant-lice are at

work and if the leaf is unrolled' he. may

find three or four of these insects. In

fact, I have found leaves curled and this

curling seemed to be caused by a very

few lice while other leaves completely

covered with these insects were not

curled.



Tear off a cabbage leaf badly infested

with plant-lice and notice that there are

plant-lice of all sizes and colors. The

predominating color is green but some of

the adults may be brown. If we disturb

these tiny creatures, it will be seen that

they are covered with a white powder

which shakes off when they are dis-

turbed.



The reader will soon begin to wonder

how these lice get from one plant to the

other as they seem to have no wings. In

this insect we find an example of one

which has both winged and Wingless gen-

erations. The winged lice are the ones

which Survive the Winter and in the

spring the old louse lays her young, alive

and Wingless. For this reason we seldom





see any plant-lice eggs on the leaves:





Soon this Wingless generation reproduces

and gives rise to winged individuals, and

so on until wmter or an unfavorable Sea-

son approaches, when winged individuals

are again produced to withstand the

struggle. These creatures have sucking

mouth parts and are harmful because

they SUl'k the juices from the tender

leaves of the cabbage and other eco-

nOmic plants.

Remedies.



Since the plant-life have sucking mouth

parts, the application of an arsenical

would be of no avail towards killing the

pests. On the contrary, we must apply

as a spray, some substance which will

kill by direct contact such as strong

soap solution or kerosene emulsion.



The soap solution may be made by

dissolving one pound of hard soap in five

or seven gallons of water. The ingredi-

ents to be used for the making of kero-

sene emulsion are hard soap, one-half

pound; water, one gallon; kerosene, two

gallons. Dissolve the soap in hot water;

take from the fire and while still but add

the kerosene. Pour the liquid back and

forth from one pail to another for five

or ten minutes till it becomes a creamy

maSS. If made properly, the oil will not

separate out on cooling.



For killing plant—lice on foliage, the

kerosene emulsion should be diluted with

10 to 15 parts of water. Either spray

will rid the cabbages of plant—lice and

save all affected plants. These remedies

will auso eradicate the creatures on oth-

er plants besides the cabbage, as the nas-

turtlum, etc.





Ingham Co. I. J. MATHEWS.





The fruit show at the State Fair will

afford an excellent opportunity to study

varieties from the standpoint of perfec-

tion. as grown in different sections of the

state. .
HOG CHOLERA.





 





History of Cholera.



Hog cholera has been recognized as a

specific, contagious disease of swine for

about a hundred years. The first authen-

ticated outbreak in this country occurred

in 1833, when large numbers of hogs in

Ohio died from a disease which answers

the description of hog cholera as we now

know it. _ .



This highly contagious disease has caus-

ed the loss of millions of dollars annually.

It has been estimated that the losses dur—

ing 1912 reached fifty million dollars. One

state alone is said to have sustained a.

loss of ten million dollars from this dread

disease in 1912. Although the heaviest

losses from this scourge have been suf—

fered in the corn-belt states, Minnesota

has been losing large numbers of hogs

from cholera during the past few years.

especially in the southern counties. Min—

nesota has gradually been taking a place

among the pork-producing states, and

cholera has increased in proportion to the

increase in her hog industry. The im-

portation of hogs from infected localities

of other states has played a prominent

part in the spread of the disease not only





in this state. but all over the country.

Cause.



Cholera was for a while attributed to

several different kinds of germs found in

the bodies of sick or dead hogs, but about

eight years ago veterinary bacteriologists

in the employe 0f the Bureau of Animal

Industry of the Department of Agricul-

ture, investigating the diseaSe, came to

the couclusion that hog cholera was not

really due to any of the hitherto known

organisms, but that it was caused by a

germ of some kind which had never been

identified up to that time. The germ is

So small‘it will pass through the pores of

the finest porcelain'filters made, and has

never been seen even with the most pow—

erful microscopes used. Other facts bear

out the truth of this conclusion. The

cause of the disease is classified as a

filterable virus and usually spoken of as

Such. MeaSles and scarlet fever of hu—

man beings, swamp fever of horses. and

foot and mouth disease of cattle, are oth-

er diseases caused by filterable viruses.



, Precautions.



Besides the actual cause of the disease,

there are other factors which must be

considered from a hygienic standpoint. in

the prevention and control of the disease.

If the vitality of a hog is weakened by

being kept in poor quarters, by being im-

properly fed. or by being infested with

parasites of different kinds, there is less

chance to ward off infection. It is, there-

fore, of the greatest importance that the

hog pens and yards be kept reasonably

clean, well ventilated and drained; that

proper attention he paid to the feeding,

so as to inSure the animals a wholesome.

well-balanced ration; and that watch be

kept for evidence of parasites, such as

lung worms, lice and mange mites.



Symptoms.



While the symptoms of hog cholera are

quite characteristic. they may vary con-

siderably in different animals, outbreaks

and looalities. Hogs that are susceptible

to cholera usually show signs of the dis—

ease in from one to three weeks after

they have been exposed to infection.

Sometimes no symptoms are noticed, but

one Or more hogs die suddenly without

warning. The others will follow, showing

some or all of the usual symptoms.



Loss of appetite is the first Symptom

usually noticed. The animal may lag be-

hind the rest of the herd, show little or

no desire for food, and drink large quan-

tities of water on account of high fever.

When he walks he has a staggering gait,

and is very unsteady in his movements.

especially in the hind legs. When he

stands still. be frequently braces himself

against a post or another hog, and often

stands with the hind legs crossed. Diarr-

hea may be noticed but it is not always

present, as the animal may be constipat-

ed, depending greatly on the kind of feed

it has been receiving. Neither constipa-

tion nor diarrhea alone is enough to indi-

cate the presence of cholera. The eyes

are frequently inflamed and discharge a

sticky mucus. which tends to glue the

lids together. This is uSually seen only in

those hogs in which the disease runs a

rather chronic course.



Redness of the skin is often noticed.

especially in white hogs. The skin behind

the ears, under the belly, and along the

flanks is most frequently aflected. As the'





Science.





animal gets weaker and death approaches

this reddish coiOr changes to a purplish

tinge. Coughing is often noticed, due to

the lungs being affected by the disease.

However, it should be remembered that

lung worms, dust and a number of other

causes frequently give rise to a cough

when cholera is not present. Vomiting is

sometimes observed, and indicates an in-

flammation of the mucous lining of the

stomach. In slowly progressing cases this

may go to the further stage of ulcers.-

tion. Bleeding from the nose is some-

times seen just before death.



With the continued loss of appetite and

diarrhea, the hog rapidly loses flesh and

the flanks become quite sodden. The hog

frequently stands with the head down,

the back arched or humped, the tail

hanging llmply, the hind legs crossed.



If the temperature be taken, the ther-

mometer will usually show quite a high

fever, up to 107 or 108 degrees Fahrenheit.

The c0ur5e of the disease varies. The

first animals stricken in the herd usually

die very soon. As the disease progresses,

the later cases do not die- so rapidly and

some hogs may develop a chronic form

of the disease, and may not die for Sev-

eral weeks. Some may even recover, and

such hogs are rendered immune against

the disease for life—H. Preston Hoskins,

Ass't. Veterinarian. Minn. Sta.



(Continued next week).





LABORATORY REPORT.

Filters vs. Pure Water.





Will you kindly help me with a bit of

information? This town empties its

sewage into the bay and takes water

from the same bay. I don’t like to use

the water. What I wish to ask is this:

Can I make a filter that will do to purify

all the water I want to use, and if so,

will you tell me how to do it? Or must

I buy a filter instead of trying to make

one; or won't a filter do at all?



Grand -Traverse Co. M. G. G.





The writer of the above question sure-

ly asks a very pertinent one when he

takes up the question of the use of wat-

er from a point near the outlet of a

sewer.



T’Ve do not know from his question

whether the current is- such in that par-

ticular part of Grand Traverse Bay that

the sewage is invariably carried in an

opposite direction from the intake, but

we should be inclined to look with some

considerable skepticism upon any idea

which suggests the use, for general

drinking purposes, of water from Grand

Traverse Bay, if a considerable quantity

0f sewage is in turn dumped into this

bay, unleSS we were sure, as stated

above, that the natural currents take

proper charge of the sewage.



We do not know of any satisfactory

filter which can be used to properly pur-

ify the water. The writer has not been

willing so far to accept any filter on the

market which has come to his attention

as giving good results. In your particu-

lar caSe we should advise that water

used for drinking purposes be boiled.

This will destroy any pathogenic organ-

isms present and if properly and care-

fully cooled will not be found unpalata-

le. The writer has uSed boiled water

in his own family for over tw0 years and

while it is an inconvenience and an an-

noyance without question. still the feel-

ing of safety that is carried by this pro—

cedure we feel amply repays us for the

trouble to which we go It is too bad

indeed that in a country that abounds





 





 





With such water as does the Grand Tra-





Verse region it should be necessary to

look with suspicion on the water Supply

of any single place. Grand Traverse Bay

ought to furnish a pure water and if it

is not doing so because it is being pol-





CATALOG NOTICES.





 





 





"The Chatham System of Breeding Big

Crops,” is the title of a handsomely il-

lustrated pamphlet published by the

Manson Campbell Company, of Detroit,

Mich. This fully illustrates and de—

scribes the Chatham devices for grading,

cleaning and separating seed grain, and

seeds of all kinds, as a means of, increas-

ing the production of farm crops. Every

reader who is interested in this important

subject should send for a copy of this in-

teresting and instructive pamphlet.



Bulbs and Seeds for Fall Planting are

listed in a handsomely illustrated catalog

sent upon application by D. M. Ferry &

(30., Detroit, Mich. All interested in flow—

er culture should get a copy of this,



Webster's Secondary-School Dictionary.

Full buckram, 8vo, 864 pages. Contain-

ing over 70,000 words, with 1,000 illustra-

tions. Price. 81.50. American Book 00..

Chicago.





 





N





21—233





 





 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 





’ ‘ At Detroit

Sept. 15-20





 





Michigan State Fair





Mammoth Exposition of tho Volvo-vino Shu'o‘

Industrial and Agricultural lamb.





$100,000 in Premiums and Purses





Somo of tho mony Intorootlng Attractions: .



CONQU EST OF THE AIR. Korn’s Giant Tractor

Biplane will carry passengers on daily trips to the

clouds. Practicability of the air machine at last

demonstrated. Thrilling nd instructive.



HORSE SHOW. All the spectacular features of

the Eastern Show Rings. .

manship. High stepperS. Chariot Contests.

thi worth while every evening. ’



AnSTO RACES. Most powerful machines. Worlds

most famous pilots. Oldfield, Mulford, Burman.

Tetzlaff, Disbrow, Endicott. Competitions, and not

merely exhibitions. Electrical timing Devices used

lnsurin authentic time.



SPECglAL ATTRACTIONS. WORTHAM &. AL-

LEN’S enormous circus. N0 fakes. Clean. whole-

some entertainment. Music by WEBERts Prize

band every Afternoon and Evening. .Thrillmg fire~

works display. Live stock competitions and pa—

rade. Gigantic exhibit of Michigan game birds in

wooded surroundings. . .



RACING PROGRAM. Grand Circuit Races. With

$40,000 in purses. Vi’orld’s greatest Pacers and Trot-

ters. Foremost Reinsmen. “Pop" Geers, Murphy.

Cox and many others.



ACCOMMODATIONS. Tented City with all Sleep-

ing Comforts and Properly Policed. Hospital and

Rest Tents for the women folks and little ones.



, 50 Con“: Children. 25 Cults.

$2331.83} 2%Nponlng Day. Children 10 Cents.





Plan Your Vacation in Detroit at the





Michigan State Fair

Sept. 15-20, 1913.





Some-





absolute satisfaction.





Sensational feats of horse-‘





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

 

   

   

   

   

   





Michigan’s GI'CEIICSI Fair.





“ Elephant Head ” Rubber Boots

are Selling Ten Thousand a Day ,





Ten thousand a day means this famous brand is givizifi

. Out-selling



. _ . others—means that it is the strongest,

‘ toughest boot the farmer can get.



Made by the largest rubber company in





the world, is proof that behind this popular

boot is an organization that leads the others.





 





“-NSOC ET





 





AI





 





to science.

-made of extra strong duck.





Head ' '





 





 





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





-—reinforced at every point.





All the bestdealers carry “Elephant

Brand Rubber Boots in all

lengths and you can depend on them

to carry the best of everything.

WOONSOCKET

RUBBER C0.

Woonsocket, R. I.





Insist upon “Elephant Head" Brand Rubber Boots.

Made of the purest, finest gumoement known





 





D: SEND





S





 





CERTIFYING





.16 .

A‘SZ





BACKED BY CERTIFICATES FROM UNITED'STATES TREA

THEY PROTECT POSTAL SAVINGSBANK F





AVAIL YOURSELF OF THIS PROTECTION





 





 





FOR OUR BOOKLET’BONDS oroun counrRY“





BONDS SENT TO ANY BANK OR EXPRESS

COMPANY SUBJECT TO EXAMINATION





THE NEW FIRST NATIONAL BANK COLUMBUS-OHM
TH E ,M 1-0, HI GA N:-FA RM ER-





 





 





 





234—22. .7 ’ ~ VSEPT.1_3, 1913.

SHERWIN-MLL/AMS Poultry and Bees.





PAINTS a VA RNISHES





 





The weather wears out your wagons and imple-

merits faster than usage does—ii you let it. The

way to prevent it is to paint—not with odds

and ends, but with paint carefully made of





' weather-resisting materials. scientifically ground and





mixed. , Such a paint is





Sherwin-Williams Wagon and Implement Paint





it spreads easily, covers well and sticks tight—adding years to the life of





your wagons and farm machinery.





For every surface about the farm there is a specially made Sherwin-Williams

paint, varnish or stain. it you want to know just what to get for iyour barns,





your house, your floors, your woodwork or your furniture, and just





OW to use





it, write for our booklet, “Paints and Varnishes for the Farm." We mail it free.





The Sherwin-Williams Company 669 Canal Road, Cleveland, 0.





 





 





 





u.





 





 





 





 





RunningWater





in House and Barn at even





   

 





mer at Small Cost.

Send Postal for New Water Supply .1

Plan. it will bring you lOO pictures

of it on actual use. Dori Now.



Aermotor 00., 1104 S. Campbell Av., Chicago

Aermotor 00., 2:1 and Madison streets, Oakland,





 

   

 

 

 





 

 

 





 





Money back or a new roof if it de-

teriorates or rusts out. No painting

'or repairs required. Our Indemnity Bond pro-

tects you. Costs no more than ordinary roof-

iiig., Write for big illustrated book FREE.

The American Iron Roofiné Co.

Station G ELYRLA, (mm.





WANTED.





At once a few men, who are hustlers, for

soliciting. No experience necessary.

Good salary guaranteed and expenses

paid. The work is dignified,_healt-hiu-

and instructive. In writing give referl

ences and also state whether you have a

horse and buggy of your own. Address

Box J. F., Care Michigan Farmer, Detroit.





WANTED—Men and women for Government

-positions. Examinations soon.

I conducted Government Examinations. Trial ex.

amination free. Write, OZMENTJN R. St, Louis.





 

 

 

 





 





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





POULTRY.





 





Barred Rock Cockerels and Hans, Bargain Prices

W. O. OOFFMAN. R. No. 6, Benton Harbor, Mich.





BARGAIN 5 Best strains S.O.VV.Orpington



' breeding stock at greatly re-

duced rioes. also half grown cockerels and pulleta.

Mrs. illis Hough, Pine Crest-Farm, Royal Oak.Mich.





 





‘ ‘ ' Barred Rock. R. 1. Beds. Main-

Prlze Winnlng mothé’ekin artid ligtlltiitnnérducllag.

fit it! lo. E 3551.82. . Perse . lly. per. .

rcrihwbrdi) FAR‘iM. R. R. No. 13. Grand Rapids. Mich.





OLUMBIA Wyandoites. Winners at Ohicago,Grand

Rapids, South Bend and St Jossflih. Stock and eggs.

RICHARD SAWYER. Benton arbor. Michigan.





 





ILVER LACED. golden and whiteWyandottes. Eggs

for hatching at reasonable prices: send for circular.

Browning's Wyandotte Farm. R. 30, Portland. Mich.





LILLIE FARHSTEAD POULTRY

iiiféufif"? Parl'nriea‘is'igiigbzo'ww‘roxéedl‘s‘ci” e"

COLON c. LILLm. Ooopereville. Mich.





' —N ted for size, vigor and can pro-

Whllfl WyandOHes diiiction. 1913 circular ready_ in

February. A. FRANKLIN SMITH, Ann Arbor. Mich.





 





 





 





 





DOGS.





HOUllllS FOR Hllllllllghfié’flsfifi“ FENBETS





Send 2c stamp. W. . LEOKY. Holmesville. Ohio





FOX AND WOLF HOUNDS





of the boat English strains in Ameri-

ca: 40 years ex erienoe in breeding

these fine hound; for my on sport.

I now offer them for sale.



Send stamp for Catalogue.

I. DANISH“. Slim, inhe- c... In,





 





 





 





Don’t lattice Get

"old of Your flock





--to breed, Cause endless irrita-

tion and all manner of skin dis-

eases and sore spots. Take quick

steps to .

get rid

of lice.





Dr.

lies

lNSTANT

LOUSE KILLER





Kills Lice. Kills them quickly—

surely. Sprinkle and rub it

thoroughly into the feathers.

Put it in the dust bath, sprinkle

it in the laying nests, roosts and

cracks. Instant Louse Killer

also kills lice on farm stock,

bugs on cucumber, squash and

melon vines, cabbage worms,

slugs on rose bushes, etc. In

sifting-top cans. 1 lb. 25c; 3

lbs. 60c. Except in Canada

and the for West. If not



at your dealer's, write us.





Dr. Hess & Clark

Ashland

Ohio .





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 

 

 

 





E .





Anchor direct '

in earth. Flexible

line posts. Stiff corners. .- ‘.

No concrete and no special tools. "1’ ?

CARI!) STEEL POST co. ' , "

Isa-10th Sh, Chicago Heights. Ill. '





 





 





1‘ £33 Your Log Cut Oil





you would insist upon the wound

being carefully dressed and cared

for: why not give the same care to

the minor injuries of daily occur-

rence? The danger-of blood poison-

ing is as rent in one caseas in the

other. Use OXALBIT L for dressing wounds, it

is an antiseptic dressing that has merit and is

so” by mail ODIY. Price 36 cents Money returned





 





 





if “03 satisfied. OXALBITOL C0" Housed-Ia. Pl.





 





 





twin TELEGRAPH—Pet‘h‘s‘n‘siitz‘.“°‘





-Westom Telezraph School. Eau Claire..Wis.





 





INTEREST IN POULTRY STEADILY

GROWING.





 





When we speak of poultry on the farm

nowadays we mean keeping hens and

raising chickens. . Because of certain con-

ditions, other kinds of poultry are not

raised in such quantities as in former

years. The possibility of suceeeding with

turkeys seems to grow less and less each

year, as favorable conditions are few and

different diseases, notably blackhead, prey

upon them, so the good farmer’s wife

who has been depending upon her tur-

key money for Christmas time is fre-

quently obliged to look elsewhere.



One of the men who dispense poultry

information from offices high up in one

of the skyscrapers in New York city,

gravely remarked a short time ago that

poultry keeping on the farm is not a pay-

ing business, that there is too much ex-

pense for feed and labor. It is clear that

Such a remark could only come from a

man who has had more experience in

keeping poultry with his pencil than by

coming in actual contact with it in a

practical way.



It must be admitted that each and

every hen were to have all that she con-

Sumes charged up against her, and if all

thesteps taken in looking after her were

to be paid for at going prices. the outlook

would not be flattering. But on the farm

grow grasses which the hens nip off;

grains are raised which the hens eat, and

it is safe to say that they do not get

their share of credit according to the

profits which they return. Much of the

labor is but an incident in connection with

other duties, and when the money comes

from the sale of poultry products it rep-

resents the prices at which the feed and

labor were sold. Much of the feed picked

up by the hens costs the farmer nothing

and the hens should be credited with be-





Eiiig an actual benefit to the place, for





they are cleaners of things which would

otherwise be a detriment, and the income

from them is a benediction of blessings

that bring comfort and actual happiness

to the family.



Signs of Advancement.



Among evidences that poultry on the

farm pays, we notice that upon many

farms in all parts of the country im—

provement is steadily‘licing made in the

equipment for poultry keeping. On ev-

ery hand we see better licnhouses, bet—





fillllll||Ill!IllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHlllll|||llllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllll||llllllllllllllllllI|lllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IllllIll!IllHlllllllIllllllHillllIllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllIllllllllllllllfi





intense interest taken by farmers’ wives

in the problems of feeding hens for best

resmts. Instead of the hens being com-

pelled to shift for themselves, gathering

what they can find or steal from the

growing crops Which are within easy ac-

cess, they are-fed such feeds as are re-

quired to make bone, muscle, feathers

and eggs. In other words, the bodily

needs are considered and a sufficient

amount of food furnished to sustain the

body, with a liberal supply left over with

which to make the eggs. By keeping

Pure-bred hens of the laying strains of

the.breed selected, and feeding carefully

and continuously, a supply of eggs is had

during the larger portion of the year.





These are reasons why we may take

pride in What has been accomplished by

the poultry'raisers of the country. In

taking the census, the professional poul-

try breeder cuts but a small figure. The

products, from flocks kept on the farm

count for about all that is to be reckoned

in the final summing up of the year’s

proceeds. The income from the flocks of

poultry during an entire year aggregates

upwards of $700,000,000, a sum only sec-

ond to the income from the dairy cows of

the country, which exceeds $800,000,000.

Let us be not deceived by the pencil

farmers, for we know whereof we speak

when we say that poultry raising 0n the

farm, if well managed, is not only profit—

able but one of the farm’s best paying

branches.





\Yayne «Co. N. A. CLAPP.





 





EVERY FARM SHOULD HAVE SOME

BEES.





 





Bee-keeping is one Of the most inter-

esting rural industries. Ghee commenced,

it continues to please {llltl increase until

you find that you are deriving no small

Jucome from this source every season.

For money invested, bees are much bet-

ter dividend payers than the farm itself.



There are thousands of acres of excel-

lent bee pustui'age going to waste annu-

zilly, also many orchards and clover fields

that would produce a much larger and

better crop of fruit or Seed if bees were

in their locality in sufiicient numbers to

effect perfect fertilization.



How to Make a Start.





I advise the buying of bees in your

own locality. Block or brown bees in





 





'. .fli’”~";





 





 





 





A Farm Apiary which, though





ter parks and runs for the hens to spend

the days in, more attention paid to se-

curing a supply of pure water and to

furnishing shelter from the burning sun

in summer. More attention is being paid

to cleanliness in and about the houses,

and a rigid warfare is being waged

against pziriiSites and diseases that an-

now and would destroy if they were not

held in check by means known to be ef-

fective.



Another evidence is the appearance of

the flocks themselves. In the place of

dunghill hens that had but little to rec—

ommend them, except that they were hens,

and crOSs—bi'eds of all colors and varying

characteristics, there are flocks of pure-

bred hens, all of the same calm and dis-

tinguishing characteristics, all bred for

the purpose of making the most of the

feed they consume and yielding in return

a generous supply of eggs. In many cases

we find the flocks all Plymouth Rocks,

Rhode Island Reds, or Wyandottes, breeds

from which broilers can be profitably

raised, or good—-sized, plump chickens

for the general. market.



Still another evidence of profit is the





 





neglected. Pays its Owner Well.





   





boxes may be purchased in most locali-

ties for $2 to $4 per colony. These may

be quickly changed to the more profitable

and gentler race—the Italians—whenever

you wish. '



Care should be taken when moving the

bees to your place. Take off hive cover

and tack a wire cloth over entire top of

hive. If weather is cold, stop up on-

trance entirely, but if it is warm weath-

er, cover the entrance with wire cloth.

’l‘hen nail cleats on sides of hive (use nails

that won’t go through into the inside)

to hold parts together, and cover the en-

trance so as to be sure that all bees are

in the hive. Use an easy riding Vehicle

for hauling the bees and drive so as to

avoid any sudden jerks or drops, as comb

inside the hive is liable to be broken.



When safe at home, the next thing is

to transfer them into the more profitable

modern hives, if they are not in good

ones that are up-to-date. New hives can

be bought in the flat, five in flat box,

and, by having one set up as a pattern,

you can nail them up and paint them

yourself.





Shiawassée Co. N. F. GUTE.
Farmers’ Clubs





Elm"lllllllllllilillllllliillillill|IillIilllllllllllHlllHlillllilllIllllllIll|llHlllI||IIillHlIlllHlllilllmllafl





OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIA-

TION 0F FARMERS' CLUBS.





iliililliillllillllilllllillE;





 





President—Jae. N. McBride, Burton.



Vice-President—C. B. Scully, Almont.



Secretary-Treasurer—Mrs. C. P. John-

SOn, Metamora.



Corresponding Secretary—Mrs. Wm. T.

McConnell, Owosso.



Directors—C.” P. Johnson, Metamora;

H. W. Chamberlain, White Lake; Wm.

T. Hill. Carson City; Jerry' Spaulding,

Belding; R. J. Robb, Mason; J. F. Rie-





man, Flint.





 





Associational Motto:

The skillful hand. with cultured mind,

is the farmer's most valuable asset.





 





Associational Sentiment:

The farmer, he garners from the soil

the primal wealth of nations.





 





 





 





Illlllliill





Ll‘sulllilll|lIl|IIIIIIIl|Ill|Hill|illllllllilillllillllllillllllllll|ll|IlllllllllllI|llllIIIIlilllIillllilllllllllllllllllfl .





Our Motto—“The farmer is of more





consequence than-the farm, and should be





first improved."





 





THE SEPTEMBER PROGRAMS.





Suggestions for Second Meeting.





Song by children of the Grange.



Roll-call responded to by each member

mentioning the name of some person

whose home he passes on way to Grange,

who does not belong to the Grange.



How did you start in life- for yourself?

Answered by two men and two women.



Shall father and mother move to town

when they cannot work as they once did

and children are grown? Why, or why

not? ’



Some things a retired farmer and his

wife may do for their community. Dis-

cussion.



Short farce.



Light refreshments, served by the

“bachelor girls" of- the Grange.





 





 





 





Paying Engine Combinations





       





We've made it easy to piclc out your engine and the machines. that you'll run

with it. We have mast of the machines you'll need, in sizes to fit your engine—

and we have just the size of engine you'll need, from U4 to 35 horsepower, gasoline





OUTSIDE TALENT FOR THE CLUB AMONG THE ““5 GRANGES-





PROGRAM.





—_





 





Calhoun Has New Subordinate—About





 





 





Perhaps the most valuable influence of

the Farmers’ Club upon any community

lies is its educational influence upon the

members of the Club. Through the dis-

cussions which occur in the local Clubs

the members learn to express their

thoughts logically in public, which in it-

self is a most valuable acquirement and

one which too many farmers as well as

too many people in other callings have

not had the opportunity to cultivate to

an extent which would make them eith-

er fluent or logical talkers.



We believe that in the Farmers’ Club

will be found as many men, and women,

too, for that matter, who are able to give

forceful and logical expression to their

ideas as would be found among a sim-

ilar number of men and women in 211-

most any other calling in life which does

not, from its very nature, develop this

faculty. But for best results in an edu-

cational way, as well as along with the





~ development of a better faculty for the





expression of ideas. there should be a

corresponding development of ideas.





Too often the ideas expressed in discus-

sionss of this kind are based upon pre-

conceived opinions without regard to the

fact that a more careful study and pains—

taking investigation of the subject under

discussion might ofttimes lead us to

change our ideas very materially. By

way of illustrziticm, the writer will refer

to a very well remembered incident in his

own experience. ’



The Farmers’ Club of which he was a

member was honored by the presence of

a man who had long been identified with





. the Club work and was known throughout





the state as a leader in this line of work

At the time of his visit be had also been

honored with a responsible public trust

and naturally was asked to address the

Club along the line of the duties and re-





sponsibilities which that trust involved. C





Now, the writer had very strong precon-

ceiVed ideas upon this same subject, and

notwithstanding the fact that he knew the

visiting gentleman to be a man of the

highest integrity and a student who was

undoubtedly far better informed than

himself upon this particular line of

thought, at once plunged into the discus-

sion and tuck issue with the visiting

speaker by the expression of very radical

ideas—preconceived ideas, of course. It

So happened, however, that a few years’

later the writer found himself in identi-

cally the same position that the visiting

speaker of the Farmers' Club of which he

was a member was in upon that occasion

and the reader may be assured that it did

not lighten the force of the criticisms

which were made of his position upOn

similar issues, to remember that he, him-

self. had expressed the same radical views

and the same harsh criticism upon that

former well remembered occaion.



For this reason it will be profitable to

have outside talent appear frequently up-

on the program of. the Farmers’ Club,

since this Will insure the bringing of fresh

ideas into the discussion and the expres-

sion of different viewpoints from those

held by the members and which have

probably often been heard in the Club.

This cannot help but have a broadening

influence upon the members and be a

strong factor in the development of their

ideaS, particularly along lines involving

questions of public welfare.



There are also other reasons which are

worthy of consideration why it is profit-

able foy- any organization of this kind to

frequently employ outside talent in its

discussions. which reasons will be pre-

sented in a future article upon this topic.





an month ago the preliminary steps look—

ing to the organizatiOn of a Grange at

Partello, Calhoun county, were taken by

Deputy Master C. J. Miller. and Saturday

night, Aug-23, saw the completion of the

effort, Partello Grange being added to the

rOSter under especially favorable condi-

tions. Partello being located near the

county line, the patrons of Charlotte

Grange, of Eaton county, and of Rice

Creek Grange, of Calhoun county, united

in helping along the formation of this

Grange. These and other neighboring

Granges have volunteered to exemplify

the various degrees for the benefit of the

new Grange in the near future. Deputy

Miller, assisted by Mrs. Miller and sev-

eral from Rice Creek and Charlotte

Granges, inStalled the new officers as

follows: Master, E. H. Luff; overseer.

Mrs. E. H. Luff; lecturer, Grace Thomas;

steward, G. W. Allen: assistant steward,

V. Thomas; chaplain, E. C. Schneider;

treasurer, W. C, Butterfield; secretary,

Ivah Oxby, R. F. D. 5, Olivet; gatekeep-

er, Clyde Bahmer; Ceres, Mrs. Bessie Ox-

by; Pomona, Hazel Keating; Flora,

Gladys Allen.



Gratiot Pomona held a highly successful

meeting with Arcadia Grange, Saturday,

Aug. 23. Among many excellent program

features may be mentioned a, very in-

structive talk on “Flower Gardening," by

Mrs. Francis King, of Alma. She said

that the greatest reward in flower grow-

ing is found in the work itself. Then she

told of their garden club in Alma and its

work, extending a cordial invitation to all

to be present at its next meeting. Speci-

mens of gladioli. which had been grown

by members of the garden club, were

shown by Mrs. King, some of which had

attained a height of more than five feet.

She also presented packets of seeds from

her own garden to the ladies present and

was given a vote of thanks by the Po-

mona for her helpful contribution to the

program. State Master Ketcham held the

close attention of the patrons for more

than an hour, his talk being full of sug-

gestions for more progressive Grange

work. Every Grange, he believes, should

plan to take up some line of work which

will benefit its membership and the com-

munity in an educational, social or finan-

cnal way, and then strive to carry out

that plan. He especially urged that the

Grange begin the use of the parcel post



. D. for delivering produce, holding

that a general rational use of that system

will spell the beginning of the end of the

high cost of living.





THE GRANGE IN OTHER STATES.





 





State Master VVolcott, of Kentucky, has

recently resigned. due to his desire to

make a tour of foreign countries for the

benefit of his health. For a period of 40

years Master VVolcott has been active in

promoting the interests of the organiza-

tion in his state.



Oregon State Meeting.——The meeting of

the State Grange held in Oregon during

the month of May found the state with a

total Grange membership of 10,182. Twen—

ty-nine of the state's 33 counties are now

organized, COntaining a total Of 188 sub-

ordinate Granges in good standing. A

class of 118 received the sixth degree, and

the delegates chose Monmouth as the

place for holding the next annual meet-

ing. Among the most important of the

questions considered and acted upon at

this meeting the following may be men-

tioned: Favoring the use of soldiers from

the regular army in the protection of the

national forests; favoring a state indus-

trial school for girls and the introduction

of the study of domestic science in the

public schools; favoring the loaning of

United States postal deposit. money to

holders of real estate at four per cent on

half the appraised value of the land. The

committee on legislation reported in favor

of abolishing the state senate. and this

resolution brought out considerable dis-

cussion, but when the vote was taken

only 11 votes in opposition to the propo—

sitiOn appeared. An amendment to the

by—laws was proposed to the effect that

the referendum privilege should be grant-

ed to the members of the Order on ac-

tions of the State Grange on any measure

that might come before it. It was dis-

cussed at great length and was finally

adopted.





COMING EVENTS.

O





 





 





Pomona Meetings.

Clinton 00., with Wacousta Grange.

Wednesday, Sept. 17.





or kerosene.

plete outfit for you. Just for example:





Size of Engine Machine;

IX h.p. up . . . . . . . . Rumely Pressure Pump

Rumely Pump ack

mo.Saw. tc.

3h.p.up. . . . . . . . . RumelySaw-Ri

Rumely Grain ump





3-5 h.p. . . . . . . . . . Rumcly Sheller No. 2

6 h‘E' . . . . . . . . . . Rumely Baler, Junior

4% .p. up . . . . . . . Rumely Feed Mi -

8 h . . . . . . . Rumely Baler—Standard





.p. . . .

6-l0 h.p. . . . . . . . . . Rumely Sheller No. 4B

I5-35 h.p. . . . . . . . . Rumely Silage Cutter.



Also Bigger Engine Bigger Rumely Machines





Send for u The All-Round Power Plant". Ask our

dealer in your town for the CaoPull Data-Book or the Olds

Engine Data-Book. or a special book on each other machine.





RUMELY PRODUCTS, CO.





(Incorporated)

Power-Farming Machinery





Battle Creek, . Michigan.

La. Porte, r = Indiana.





Consider these suggestions~then ask our dealer to make up a com-





 





 





Tractor Combina-

tions too. a GasPull

or OilPull Tractor.

l5 drawbar. 30 belt

horsepower. wit h

Rumely Corn Shell-

er, Advance Husker-

Shredder. Rumely

Hay Baler. Advance

Silage Cutter.



This boy could

learn to run our trac-

tors. So could you.





 





 





- 793





 





 





 

 





Tile Your Farm!





Don't put it of! any

longer. You are losing

0: hundreds of dollars





 

 





oughly tiled. Hun-

dreds of farmers are using

@1006 file Ditchers





to dig tile trenches. Work in any soil. The price

is Within reach of an; farmer having 20 acres or

more to tile. Write or full information.





The .Ieschke Mfg. Co. Box 111





   





Bellevue, Ohio





 





 





“aluminum. "lUlB.





EQUAL To fmrsriuro SPRINGS





in prmmple, quality of steel and grade

of workmanship—in fact. made in a large

auto spring plant—Harvey Bolster Springs can

not be excelled for resiliency. durability and

appearance. Get a set and save many dollars

. hauling your perishables. Beware of ..



substitutes. “





"may Spring 00.. 752 115 St. hollows. *





 

 

   

   

 

   





 





 





Michigan White Cedar





FENCE POSTS





GEORGE M. CHANDLER. Onaway. Mich.





 





 





i ’ ”4». WSImiGRuaaER .Co. .

CATALOG FREE-DEPT. 19 LA CRESCENT: MINN.





 

 





 

 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





specifications.





Cypress Barn Book





Containing Free Plans for 4 Barns





Framing details are so full and com-

plete that any home carpenter can

build from them. Then there areprint-

ed speczfications covering all materials

and labor—all you need for a FIRST

CLASS JOB. Yours for asking.





It 2°: V 0/. 4, .

C ypreu Pocket Lz'érary





This FREE Book Contains:





(1) Plans for 28-cow-stable,with milk

room ,feed and manure carriers,modern

ventilating system,economicalarrange-

ment, and two silos attached—the fam-

ous Even Temperature" sort.

plans and specifications for building.

(2) Trussed, Self-Supporting Roof

Barn of medium size, with silo built in

the bay. Floor plans and framing details—four drawings, elevations, etc.



(3) _ A 40-Auo-Fsrm Bun—convenient. practical and adapted to small farm or as an

auxxliary barn on large farm. Four drawings. elevation and floor plans. '





(4) 8-Horse Stable—four drawings that show exactly how to build. Material and work





Full





 





 

 

 





GET THE BOOK





These Barn Plans. details and specifications are

the product of a leading firm of farm architects.

and they know the business. You will agree to

this when you see the Book. Better write tonight,

sending the coupon. No money or Stamps.





50. Cypress Mfrs’ Ass’n.

"0 lilbernla flank Bldg" New Orleans, La.

Please send me copy of the “BARN





BOOK,” Vol. 4 CYPRESS Pocket

Library, FREE. no obligations on me.





 





Southern

‘ C y p r e o s

Mfr’sAoo’n.





   





 





   





R.F.D





T9'"”





 





 





State .
i

7!

s





l





-4.

Fr ‘*





i Kalamazoo Stove Co.. Manufacturers .





:?m%°?$i§dl:i§éfi Gas StovesD‘

‘ I—I-I_I_:—I---I





J;





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





ET'the Stove

You Want the Most





Kalamazoo Prices. and Time





Payments. Make It Easy





We’ll show you a saving right at the begin-

ning of $5 to $40 on first cost of your stove.

That is the money that goes to the storekeeper

and to the traveling man if you buy at the

store. It‘ means that no matter what stove you

buy, you may have it shipped to your home,

freight paid on





30 Days’ Free. Trial

360 Days’ Approval Test





And more than that, it means that your

trial of the stove is backed up by a big

company and by a $100,000 Bank Bond.



Put up to insure you an absolutely fair



deal. No





 

 

 





dealer c a 11 New



. o f f e r y o u

,, backing like ;,; K [Modern

that, now, aamazoo

can he? gneen

ange





 





Base Burner





Cash or Easy 'l‘erms





Remember that we give you terms that will

enable you to use the stove while you are pay-

ing for it. We make it easy for you to buy.





We are Equipped to Ship Your

Stove the Day Order ls Received





In every way we can serve you better,

save you more money than any other stove

company in the world. We are equipped to j

do it. We have been doing it for years.

We want to save money for you and give .

you better stove service. I;





Save $25 to $75

On Your Furnace





We sell you the Kalamazoo Furnace at the

same liberal Kalamazoo terms. Long free trial,

year’s approval test. careful instructions making

it easy to install. Blue print plans free: you can

save big money doing your own installing and

it’s easy with our plans.



Kalamazoo Furnaces are backed by our $100,-

000 bank bond. They are made for homes,

school houses, churches, and other public

buildings.





Ask for the Free

Furnace Book





it you are thinking of

installing any kind of

a heating system. It

will enable you to get

at the bottom on fur-

nace cost and give you

a world of furnace in-

formation.





Eveerear

Sees Kalamazoo hnprovements





In Ranges, Oaks, Base Burners. Gas Stoves, Furnaces, we

are in the lead. The Kalamazoo Oven Thermometer makes

baking easy. The new Kalamazoo Glass Oven Door is win-

ning praise from housekeepers everywhere. In your Kalama-



- zoo you get the best of everything—the best that the most

skilled stove men in the world can make for you.



Stoves for everyone. Big stoves and little stoves, for hard

and soft coal, coke and wood.

All of the best. all sold on the

generous Kalamazoo Direct-to-

You plan.





The Book of

400 Stoves





tells you the whole story. It fills



you full of stove information, gives you all of the inside

stove secrets, so that no matter where you buy you can

buy better. We want you to have this book. It shows you

more stoves than you could see by visiting twenty stores.

And a postal card will bring it free.



Write now, while you are thinking of it. Just a card ad-

dressed Kalamazoo. Stove Company, Kalamazoo. Mich..

and say you want catalog No.113 .



Tell us if you want the Special Furnace or Gas Stove

Book. They are also free. Get the

story. Write at once.





Kalamazoo Stove Co.

Manufacturers

Kalamazoo, Mich.



We make a lull line at Stoves. Ranges.

Furnaces and Gas Stoves. We have three

catalogs. Please asktor the one you want.





 





 





 





 





i





. i \n. _

ihfll‘xm \m- , '

‘ k . ‘m .





 





 





Kalamazoo. Mich.

paid your Big Catalog

e 39





I



. e free and osta e

Please send in days’ trial, 360 I

I





N . 113, with full pagticu are 0 t

da’ys' approval test, basy Payment Plan.





Name............ ....................





 





 





.Whatl ' _

Name Go

Means to You.





EARS AGO the Kalamazoo Stove Company began manu-

facturing stoves in a small factory in Kalamazoo. The.

factory was small, the capital limited.





The company had two things to distinguish it from hundreds

of other small factories that have ventured into the stove

business and gone on the rocks.





The heads of the company were counted the best stove‘

builders in America. Not the best stove sellers, but the best

stove makers. '





And the Kalamazoo men had something else. They had a

faith in the people that was the“joke” of the stove industry.

They proposed to sell every stove they made on 30 days’ Free

Trial and a year’s Approval Test. They said to the people—



“Here, you take the stove we have made, set it up in your

house, use it. If it isn’t the greatest stove bargain you ever

saw, send it back and we’ll pay the freight both ways and

return all your money.”



Other stove makers grinned. They gave Kalamazoo six

months to live. They didn’t think any company selling on that

liberal basis would last long enough to be real competition.



But the ”Direct-to-You” Stove Factory began to grow--

and kept on growing. It kept on making fine stoves, ranges,

gas stoves, oak heaters, and finally furnaces, and sending them

out for the approval of the people. '





   





ODAY Kalamazoo Stove Company is the wonder of the

whole stove industry. The company’s faith in the people

has proven a magnet drawing stove buyers by the hun-A



dreds of thousands.





And today, as at the beginning, the Kalamazoo Stove Como

pany is a company of stove makers, not salesmen.





Today the stove world is again looking toward Kalamazoo.”

People are looking to Kalamazoo for ideas in beautiful stove

design, for suggestions in new ways of fuel saving, for stove

men to man other stove factories.





From being an experiment, the Kalamazoo Company has

sprung to leadership in the whole stove world. From having

just faith in the people and a remarkably generous open-handed

sales plan to recommend it, the company has come into a

broader leadership. Today, Kalamazoo quality of material,

Kalamazoo design and Kalamazoo finish is standard through-

out the stove world.





And today, as at the beginning, the Kalamazoo Stove Com?

pany puts its faith in the hundreds of thousands of Kalamazoo

Stove users and in the millions of Americans that will be

Kalamazoo users in the future.





The company comes to you, the buyers, Without slick

salesmen, with a giant stove factory, with a splendid trained

force of stove makers and, as at the beginning, says to you—





“Forget the salesman’s talk, forget this talk. Get a Kala-

mazoo Stove Catalog and select the stove or range you need

and like from among the 400 shown; then have it sent into

your own home, on free trial, freight prepaid, and decide for

yourself.” ‘





ALAMAZOO Stoves are really sold in the factory, when

the workman puts in extra time to make the stove right

so it will stand the free trial test. They are sold in the



designing room, where our trained artists work and study to

get strength and beauty" into design. They are sold in the

foundry, where the brawny workmen use a higher grade mix-

ture in the castings than does the company which has smooth

salesmen to cover up the workingman’s carelessness.





And most of all Kalamazoo Stoves are Sold in the American

home, where the woman and the neighbor woman, the father

and the children can pass judgment on the stove in use, know-

ing that if it isn’t up to the Kalamazoo advertisements and

Kalamazoo High Standards, they are free to send it back to

Kalamazoo, freight collect, and keep every penny of their money.



The Kalamazoo Stove men publish a wonderful book of stoves. In it

is every kind of stove you may want, and at surprising prices. It is the

same kind of a book (with new design and new stove information) that

started hundreds of thousands of other people on the right stove way.



We want you, who read this paper, to have that book. We want to

tell you this big honest stove story. A postal card will bring it. Ask for



‘ Catalog No. 113. '





 





 





 





StreetNo.orRural Mam..." “ , o 0 And The Kalamazoo Stove Co.

T0wn.......... .......................................‘-..... a GI“ Gas Manufacturers

State... Trade Mark tOVES Kalamazoo, Michigan





 





if (mustered





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- ,,. --. , . . ........~... . . a





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