' V" «‘w’“ Ht-“ "- "l ,_..... M—M-- The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State. VOL. CXLl. No. 13. 2 Whole Number 3662. DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, SEPT. 27, 1913. Supplementing a Short Hay Crop. ARMERS and stockmen face an F acute and possibly disastrous scarc- ity of hay. Half-filled hay barns mean half-fed cattle, horses and sheep unless ample provisions are made to make the most efficient use of every ton of roughage produced on the farm. Such conditions awaken stockmen to a realiza- tion of the necessity for providing other means of carrying their animals safely thrOugh the winter. Fortunately in many sections where the hay crop is a failure there is an abundance of corn fodder. This can be made into palatable hay. In this form it can be cheaply and conven- iently stored for feed. W The modern shred- der transforms the coarse, bulky stalks into a more compact form that may be easily handled and fed in the manger, while it adds more than one-fourth to the intrinsic value of the fodder, both for feed and bedding. The practice of shredding makes great- er gains in years of hay scarcity, but once the practice is established in a neighbor- hood it is seldom abandoned when hay is plentiful. It brings much of the disa- greeable winter‘s work into the barns and feed yards and prevents the fodder from being ruined or left in the field. It costs quite a sum to shred a large acreage of corn fodder and the initial outlay for equipment will cause many men to nest—a tate before making so large an invest— ment. However, every neighborhood should have a shredder; several farmers co-operating in the purchase of a ma- chine and changing work at time may reduce the cash cost to a min— imum and save many hours of dreary work wallowing in the snow and mud while chopping out frozen cornstalks and moving them to the barn and feed yards in the winter. The saving of labor as well as the increased value of the stalks must be considered, together with the expense of the machine in getting at a just conclusion as‘to the profitable side of the initial investment. The cost of husking and shredding de- pends upon the proximity of the corn field to the barns and feed yards and the cost of labor in the different localties. Ordinarily the cost of the machinery and crew of three men, if hired, amounts to about the cost of husking the corn by hand. It costs as much to husk the corn by hand as preparing it by way of the husker and shredder. Therefore, if a man places any value upon his own labor he will find it more profitable to hire a shredder than to husk the stalks by hand, besides he will have the satisfac- tion of knowing that his fodder is insured against bad weather; the improved qual- ity of the feed is a direct gain for mak- ing hay of the fodder. These consider- ations are sufficient to make shredding pay when the corn is to be husked, but, perhaps, the greatest advantage comes from the use of the waste fodder for bed- ding material. .Many stockmen are con; vinced that it is worth almost as much for bedding as for feeding, especially when they have plenty of hay and silage. Shredded fodder has all the pith exposed to the immediate action of the urine in the gutter, and the general fibrous char— acter of the whole mass gives it an ad- vantage over common short cut fodder to use on hard floors. As a general prop- osition, it is more profitable for stock- men to grow corn fodder for bedding than to depend upon small grain crops primar- ily to furnish straw for bedding. In the laboratory tests at the Maryland station it was found that 2.8 pounds of corn sto- ver per day would be sufficient and equal to the following amounts of other bedding shredding . material used: Wheat straw, 3.3 pounds; sawdust from green logs hauled direct from exposed out-door piles and quite moist, 8.3 p0unds, and shavings from dry pine, three poundS. Anyone who has forked and spread manure full of long cornstalks will surely appreciate the val— ue of shredded stover in facilitating the work of cleaning up about the barns and feed yards and applying, the manure to the land. The animals bedded with the refuse fodder will keep clean and their hair will not be stained as much as when straw is used for bedding. In November and December before the extremely cold weather comes it is possi- ble to haul the corn shocks from the field to the barn and feed yards much faster than in late winter when the butts are favorable shredding may begin in Novem— ber as soon as the stalks are well cured in the shock. As a rule, the stalks will be ready for the shredder as soon as the ears are dry enough to Store safely in the crib. The leaves and husks should be neither brittle nor damp. The improved machines separate the shelled corn from the fodder, thus preventing it from heat- ing in the mow and spoiling. This shelled corn must be stored where it can be watched, if necessary, to prevent heating. It contains a large share of small and cracked corn but can be fed safely to poultry, sheep and hogs if mixed with feeds. sections of the country the prevail that corn stover little feeding value, other grain In many vns to comparatively idea has A Good CrOp of Grain—Oat Stack in Foreground is from 101/2 Acres. Three Wheat Stacks from 22l/2 Acres Threshed 758 Bushels. frozen faSt to the ground. Even when the weather is favorable one man can not work to good advantage loading and hauling corn from the field to the feeding place. The time required to harness a team and hitch on to a wagon or sled, and to open and close the gates and barn doors means a big loss of time and en- ergy. Then, too, there is a saving of time in feeding Shredded fodder if the mows or stacks are close to the feeding place. It cannot be pitched as easily as other hay, but a man can handle it very rapidly where it can be pushed with a fork along the barn floor and in the feed- ing alleys. If the weather conditions are (See Page 262). but experiments show that the quantity of digeStible ingredients in one ton of well—cured stover with 20 per, cent of water. and in onc ton of timothy hay are as follows: (‘orn stover, fiber, 353.7; fat, 13.5; protein, 53.1; nitrogen—free extract, 544.6; timothy hay, fibcr, 296.1; fat, 33.]; protein, 55.4; nitrogen-free extract. 553.6. Figuring on this basis if an acre of land planted to corn will yield, in addition to the cars, two tons of stovcr, and an acre of ’iiniothy on equally productive land will produce two and one-fourth tons of hay, we find that thc stover will contain about 1.930 pounds and the hay 2,111 pounds of digestible ingredients. Considering the <. o. Perforated Galvanized ,M “Lillie Farmstead." ' silOs With shredded 50 CENTS A YEAR. $2 FOR 5 YEARS. average weather conditions affecting both crops we find that the stover will furnish almost as as much food value as the tim- othy hay from a. similar area. If the above Iigu'rs are correct it is clearly to our interest to prepare thc <‘Ol'n stover so that we may rcalize its maximum feeding value. A few years ago the \Visconsin Experiment Station conducted an experi- ment with milcli cows. The cows were fed a grain ration and in addition all they would eat of cut and uncut stover. The corn was cut in inch lengths in a cutter which also shredded the coarse stalks. The first tWo experiments wcre conducted with Pride of the North, a me- dium dcnt variety, and the last with Stowcll's l‘lvcrgrcen, planted thickly. It was found that the cutting savcd 36 pcr cent of the stover in the first expcriment. 31 per cent in the second, and nine per Cent in thc third. From the above cx- pcriments it is safe to assume that shred— ding increases thc value of the stover fully 25 pcr cont. In feeding sh‘Y‘dded stover expericnccd fccdcrs of dairy cattle prefer that not over one-half of the total roughage ration should consist of the stover. Fed in such quantities the animals do not tire of the ration and it will give nearly, if not quite. as good results as an equal quantity of timothy hay. 1f possiblc to feed the sto- vcr along with silage it will be grecdily consumed by the cattlc and producc cor- rcspondingly satisfactory results. The following daily rations containing shrcd- dcd fodder are suggested for milch cows. 01" cmirso, these rations must be rcgulat- ed to meet the various nccds of the cattle which the practical fcedcr always under- stands. ’I‘hc amounts stated arc pcr head daily. RatiOns Containing Corn Stover. 1. “'heat bran, 3 lbs: gluten feed. 2lbs; linseed meal, 2 lbs; shredded stover, ‘9 lbs; hay, 9 lbs. 2. Brewcrs’ grains, 3 lbs; corn meal, 3 lbs; wheat bran, 3 lbs; corn stover, shredded, 8 lbs: oat and pea hay, 10 lbs. 3. \Vheat bran, 6 lbs; gluten meal, 3 lbs; silage, 3 lbs; shredded corn stover, 8 lbs. 4. Brewers’ grains, 4 lbs; cottonseed mcal, 2 lbs; stover bran mash, 30 lbs; bay, 6 le. Many farmers and stockmcn have had more or less trouble in storing shredded corn stover. Care must be exercised to do the work when the weather conditions are favorable. The writer has practiced cutting straw and sccond crop hay along with the corn stover to mix with the shredded fodder in the mow and on the barn floor. This is a grant help if the corn fodder is a little damp, and the whole mass is a vcry desirable roughage and ' helps to clean up the odds and ends of roughage before beginning to feed from the larger mows of hay. it is better, whenever possible. to get these feeds con- sumed early so that the cows may have the better roughage later in the winter and during the freshening period. For several years We have refilled our stovcr after feeding out a few tons from the top. This makes fairly satisfactory roughage and reduces the loss to a minimum. \Ve run the Shredded fodder through the regular cut- ting machine and keep an inch stream of water running into} the machine so that the fodder will pack more firmly in the silo. This enables us 'to store consider;- able of the fodder where we know it will be safe. By cutting the other stalks in with the oat straw and second crop clover we usually have enough such roughage to carry the cows along until THE {MICHIGAN FARMER l early the first of January. A little fore- 1 might during the early winter will save a vast quantity of good roughage for win- 1.: and spring when the cows need the very bestrhay the farm affords. Then, too, such feeds are never so good as they are immediately after they are harvested. New York. W. MILTON KELLY. Charactistics of An Ideal Seed Ear. seed corn is to increase the yield of shelled corn to the acre. It is of first importance, then, to know what (hriracteristics indicate the most produc- tive ear. Field selection, (outlined in a pre- vious article), enables the farmer to see the mother plants and the-environment from which his seed ears have. come, but its complete success demands a knowledge- (If the conditions which are the most likely to give the seed ears vigOi- and great productive power. In order to do this, the person making the selections must have a keen appreciation of the ear characters which indicate seed of high yielding power. Which will produce the more shelled corn per acre, the short or long ear, the heavy ear or the light ear, the one with the well-filled tip or the one with a bare tip, the cylindrical or tapering ear, one with rough or smooth indentation? Since no ear is ever found which is strong in all points, we must find out which of these characters should be the most sought after. good butt or a good tip, a good kernel or a symmetrical ear? The score card attempts to answer these ques- tions but in so far as we have been able to ascertain, the score card only points out and calls our attention to a good ear rather than showing us which car will produce the greatest yield when planted. The ear whose weight is the greatest. good symmetry, and a high shelling per- centage will not necessarily produce the higheSt yield when planted in the field. The ideals of the score card are those of the market rather than the farm, and are only estimates. THE chief purpose of selection of Shape. Every score card for corn which has been submitted calls for an car which is as nearly cylindrical as it is possible to get it. That is, the ear should not be decidedly tapering, but should carry about the same thickness from tip to butt. Prof. C. G. \‘Villiams. of the Ohio Experiment Station, seems to be the only experiment— er who has worked very extensively with corn trying to ascertain which will pro- duce the greater yield. corn from cylin- drical ears or corn from tapering ears. Eighteen tests were made and during the first and third years the cylindrical ears led slightly in yield but during the second and fourth years, the tapering ears pro- duced a greater yield. The combined av— erage shows a difference of 0.87 bushels per acre in favor of the tapering ears. However. one of the greatest arguments for the cylindrical ear is that the kernels are nearly of a size and will drop more evenly in the planter. A tapering car will always have deep kernels at the butt and shallow ones at the tip and this makes it impossible for a planter to drop such corn evenly. The best length of an ear depends very much upon the diameter. Some authori- ties lay it down as a rule that the length of an ear should be to its circumference as four is to three, or a ten-inch car should be seven and one-half inches in circumference, measured at one—third the distance from butt to tip. One should be ‘careful to avoid selections of the longest or shortest cars because those of about medium length have proven to be the beSt. We do not wish a seed ear which is long and slim. nor do we want one which is short and thick. The rule giv- en above will give an ear which is well proportioned. Of course, it would not be advisable to measure each ear but three or four might be measured and this would give a good idea of the general size of a seed ear. Size. Although the size of an ear of seed corn is very important. it is not all important. The largest ears are seldom the most de- sirable because they are apt to be coarse, irregular, and show poor quality. Small cars are no more desirable than large ones. Experience seems to indicate that ears slightly above the average in size Will produce the largest yields. We must not confuse size and weight. The heavier seed ears may usually be depended upon to give higher yields. The total weight of an ear seems to be a better criterion by; which to judge the productive poWer of an car than the Weight of shelled corn. provided this weight is due to reasonable length. circumference. and amount and density of grain and cob and is not found in a large immature ear. Tips and Butts. Professor Williams has also found that by the continued planting of. corn from ears having bare or exposed tips, the yield is lessened and such seed produces ears with bare tips. Therefore it~ is essential that the tip of an ear is filled out to the end and if possible, completely covered with kernelS. It is better to have an ear of good size and length, properly propor- tioned and bearing deep kernels well out to the end, than a short ear with a com- pletely covered tip. A show ear has a completely covered tip combined with the right size, shape and quality, but'such ears are very rarely found. The butt of an ear should be well rounded out with deep, regular kernels, evenly and compactly arranged around a cup-shaped cavity, whOSe diameter should be in the vicinity of an inch. We should look for an car which shows the scar where the ear was fastened onto the mother stalk to be about three-fourths of an inch in medium varieties. If the cob is too small, the ear may be blown off; if too large, it will be- hard to break off at huSking time. It is a safe assumption that clean butts mean careful selection and coarse, wide butts, poor selection. be- cause the quality of corn is strongly indi- cated by the butts. Relation of Cob to Kernel. What corn growers aim to do is to pro- duce an ear of corn whose cob is just the right size to mature all its kernels in the season for the given locality and it is figured that each ten miles one goes to the north diminishes the growing seaSOn by one day. The size of a cob is a good indication of the quality and refinement of the corn and the character of the ker- rels. A good kernel is one that is wedge shaped but not of‘the shoe peg style, which is common in dent corns which are produced on a large cob. A general rule is that each kernel should be about one and one-half times as long as it is wide at its widest part and an ideal kernel is the same thickness throughout. As to the germ what is desired is one showing great vitality. A germ which is badly discolored, black, blistered, wrinkled, or roughened does not Show the proper Vital- ity and may be more profitably fed to the stock than saved for breeding purposes. These kernels should use up all the avail— able space on the ear and at the same time present a closed exterior appearance. Many times we see seed ears which are very open and further examination of such cars invariably discloses the fact that all the available space on the cob is not utilized. The cob should be medium- sized—not too fine or too coarse. _A large cob indicates poor quality and poor se— lection. Such an ear usually dries out slowly and hence the vitality of the corn is often injured by freezing during the winter. On the other hand, the under- sized cob either bears kernels which Stand out fan-like. thus being easily shattered, or it has pointed kernels with narrow. \t-izened germs, the vitality of which is usually very low and questionable. The ideal seed ear should have well- filled butts and tips, and a cob of medi- um size, well filled with kernels which show a healthy, vigorous condition. If an car has a cylindrical shape, together with the above characteristics, it is also the type demanded for Show purposes. Ingham Co. I. J. MATTHEWS. A GOOD YIELD OF GRAIN. There seems to be a prevailing opinion that it is out of the question to get any of the old-time yields of wheat in Mich- igan. Mr. F. L. Becker, of Wayne c0unty, has proved during the last few years that by a. thorough system of intensive cultivation, and the application of barn- yard manures and commercial fertilizers, bountiful crops can be obtained. On September 25, 1912, 22% acres of oat ground were sown to wheat. The present season the crop was harvested and threshed. and yielded 758’ bushels, a little more than 331/. bushels per acre, reminding one of the days when summer fallowing was practiced, and the land was held under cultivation one year in order that it might produce an abundant crop the next year. During the spring of 1913 Mr. Becker sowed 101,5 acres of corn stubble grOund to oats. The seed had been treated with formalin for smut. He harvested and threshed 543 bushels, an average of 521,5 bushels per acre, which is a remarkable yield for the year 1913. Mr. Becker practices a regular system of rotation. Clover sod is treated to a coat of manure evenly spread with a ma- nure spreader. Corn follows the clover in the rotation and is well cultivated. Oats follow the corn. The ground is plowed and well fitted. About 200 pounds of a high-grade commercial fertilizer is ap- plied to the acre. The ground is again plowed as soon as practicable after the oats are harvested. and worked thorough- ly until seeding time. A high grade of commercial fertilizer is sown with the wheat in September at the rate of about 200 pOunds to the acre. The soil is what we call a heavy soil. the clay loam pre- vailing to a considerable extent. It will be seen that the practice is one of soil feeding and not one of soil rob- bing. The results certainly ought to be satisfactory. It proves that intensive farming with a liberal treatment of barn- yard manure, and a generous application of plant foods in the form of commercial fertilizers. insures a large yield of grain. On this farm a good deal of live stock is kept. Large quantities of manure are p“0duced and applied to the fields at a time of year when it will do the most good. The manure carries with it to the soil a good deal of vegetable matter taken away in the grasses and grains grown from the soil, but there is some waste. When animals are sold off the farm they carry phoephoric acid in the bones. When wheat or other kinds of grain are sold from the farm. considerab‘e quantities of phosrihoric acid are carried away. When a high grade commercial fertilizer is used. plant foods, such as have been previously wasted or carried away, are returned, and the production of crops goes on after the same manner as when the land was new. and abundant crops of grain are the result. \Vayne Co. N. A. CLAPP. THE STATE FAIR. The Michigan State Fair for 1913 was one of the most successful from the standpoint of exhibits of any which has ever been put on in Michigan. The grounds were improved by the laying of many hundreds of yards of new concrete walks and by the making of new perma- nent roads where needed to accommodate the vehicle traffic. The completion of the new dairy building also made that portion of the grounds more attractive, While well kept shrubbery, closely cut lawns and blooming flowers in artistical- ly placed beds everywhere lent a'scenic effect to the State Fair grounds which has not before been approached. With the completion of the general plan of the grounds and the experience of previous years to guide them. the management was able to place the exhibits to better advantage so far as the general land- scape effect was concerned this year than ever before. The arrangement oi’ the dif— ferent departments was such as to facil- itate the convenience of fair patron’s with- out in any way marring the landscape ef- fr-c't, and we have no doubt that patrons will agree that the Michigan State Fair grounds have been developed into an hd- mirably attractive and well adapted place for staging this big show. With every other factor favorable to making the State- Fair of 1913 most suc- cessful from every standpoint, favorable Weather conditions would undoubtedly have brought'out a record attendance. The week, however, was very unfavorable with hard rains on two days, and cloudy, threatening weather almost every morn- ing during the week. Notwithstanding this handicap, however, fair officials have announced that the attendance was am- ple to meet the expenses of the fair and wipe out the association’s floating indebt- edneSS. The. Departments. The exhibits were fully up to the stan- dard in all of the various departments and were in practically every case advan- tageously placed to make an attractive showing. In a number of departments the exhibits were both larger and more attractive than in most former years, not- ably the cattle department, which was exceedingly fine. The horticultural ex- hibit was also very good indeed, while the farm products exhibit was generally judged the best which has ever been seen at the Michigan State Fair. The exhibit of automobiles was large, as might be ex- pected at a Detroit fair, and there was a good exhibit of harness goods, but not a large vehicle exhibit other than automo- biles. The farm machinery exhibit was large and attractively placed, with a num- SEPT. 27, 1643. ber of new developments along this line which have not before been seen at a public exhibition. The educational exhibits were more plentiful than ordaniraly and included ex- hibits by the soils and horticultural de- partments of M. A. C. which were cal- culated to furniSh practical instruction along several' related lines. The Food and Health special train which was run over various Michigan railroads during the summer was stationed on the grounds so that fair patrons might receive the benefit of the instruction which it af- forded. A130 many of the exhibits in the main building were of an educational character, although not primarily made for this purpose. Cattle. The cattle exhibits at the State Fair were probably the best from the stand- point of quality which have ever been seen on those grounds, while the number of entries compared favorably with the best of former years. In beef cattle classes particularly, some of the best Show herds in the Country, and which have graced international show rings. were found among the exhibits, while leading Michigan herds were also in evi- dence. Fair patrons certainly had a grand opportunity to see the best in type and finish in individual-3 of the Shorthorn, Angus and Hereford breeds. The general purpose breeds, including Red Polls and Brown Swiss, were also well represented. while the dairy breeds were strong, in- cluding besides the leading breeds in Michigan fine representatives of Ayrshires and Dutch Belted cattle, the Holsteins. Jerseys and Guernseys, of course, being most prominent. Altogether it was a. Splendid exhibition of cattle and one which the fair patrons could profitably spend the whole week studying. Horses. The horse exhibit was not as large as in some years, but made up in quality what was lacking in quantity. The big exhibit of the show was that of Bell Bros, of Ohio, whose magnificent Bel- gians and Percherons attracted general attention for its size as well as quality.‘ Other exhibits of Michigan breeders were, however, very creditable to our draft horse industry, while in harness horses and ponies there was a very- good show- ing, the former including both trotting bred horses and hackneys. Hogs. This department was farily well repre- sented by Michigan herds, the show rings being filled by animals in exceptionally fine condition. The general purpose and lard hog breeds were most numerously represented, showing that this class of hogs still lead in favor, or that their breeders have more enterprise than the patrons of the strictly bacon breeds so far as putting up a fine show was con- cerned. While more hogs have been seen at Michigan fairs, it is doubtful if a bet- ter average quality was ever exhibited in the show ring. Sheep. In the sheep classes the middle wool breeds were the most numerous, with ex- cellent representations of type and qual- ity, while the coarse and fine wool ex- hibits were less numerous. Michigan- bred stuff made a good showing in com- parison with the show flocks of imported :tock which were seen in the classes for some of the middle wool breeds. Horticultural Exhibits. In this department the showing was particularly fine, the Oceana county show occupying the place of honor and earning general recognition for its extent and at- tractive placing. Midland county was second in the awards, and Berrien third. Many other counties, however, made a most creditable showing, including Jack~ son and Oakland counties, from which counties fruit exhibits have not hereto- fore been notable. The individual exhibits were equally attractive and so extensive as to properly maintain Michigan‘s repu- tation as a fruit producing state. Agricultural Products. This department of the show was the best that has yet been seen at the State Fair. It Was much enhanced by the plac- ing of Western and Eastern Michigan de- velopment exhibits on opposite sides of the hall, while different county and many individual exhibits made up the balance of the show. Certainly no man could view this collection of products without an inclination to take of! his hat to Mich- igan for the variety and quality of the products produced upon Michigan farms. Agricultural Implements. This department of theshow was'v‘vell filled with a great variety of exhibits. many of which were shown in operation. (Continued on page 266). ”who" w~ g... ills ' September. SEPT. 27, 1913. LILLIE FARMSTEAD NOTES. Sowlng Wheat when the Gr0und ls Dry. If one happened to meet a farmer in this section during recent weeks and got into conversation with him, the question always asked was, “When are you going to sow your wheat?” Almost invariably the reply would be, “After it rains.” One man said he was going to sow it On the 15th of September, rain or no rain, but nearly everyone says that it will be too risky to sow before it rains, and that would be 'my judgment. A good many years ago when I first began farming, we had an extremly dry September, and August, too, for that matter. The ground plowed up dry, there was no rain, it took an immense amount of tillage to fit the ground, it was dry as dust down as deep as plowed, and deeper. It came time to sow wheat. I sowed my wheat along in We didn't have rain enough all through October so wheat would ger- minate. Most all of the wheat was mold- ing in the ground and never came up at all. Some of this sowing that fall was on corn ground and I remember drawing some cornstalks off late in the fall after they were husked, and digging into the ground with a pitchfork and finding wheat that was just sprouting then, but it was weak. Some of it had molded. Now the consequence was that we had no wheat the next year that would pay for harvesting. And With this experience still in my memory I shall not sow wheat this fall until after it rains, and the ground is worked up well after that, and if the rain does not come until it is en- tirely too late to sow wheat I shall not sow any wheat at all but leave- it to put into spring crops, because I know that one time during my lifetimes we had such a dry fall that it didn’t pay to sow wheat. Now, of course, the old saying is that there are never tWo seasons alike, and I may get fooled this time. It might be that the man who sows his wheat without waiting for rain, will hit it just right. But, on the other hand, after such a dry spell as this we are liable to have when the rain does come, a regular downpOur that will turn all of this dust in the fields into mud and form such a crust that it will be almost impossible for wheat to germinate and come up at all. It will hammer the air all out of the ground and make it almost impossible for wheat to germinate. I have seen it do that. And not knowing what it is going to do, my judgment would be to wait. The probability is that we will have some time this month a sufficient amount of rainfall to wet the ground so that wheat will germinate. Then it won’t .take long to barrow the ground over with a spring- tooth harrow, loosen it up, and then put the wheat in. My observation is that it will make a more rapid growth, will be much more liable to make a good crop than it will if it is sown before the rain. It might look as though one lacked faith who argued that if rain didn’t come in the proper time that he would sow no wheat, but I think that my observation and experience will hear me out in this as nature does sometimes do things that are very much abnormal. There is not really a lack of faith. Nature takes heavy tolls sometimes, and if we can in any way avoid this it is our business to do it. I know it sets a farmer back, there is no question about that. It looks as if we had lOSt our seeding all through this sec- tion this year, and if we have it is a ser- ious blow, but nobody can help it. Farm- ing is a sort of gamble, anyway, and we have got to take chances. There is no other way to it. And certainly I w0uld rather see the seed wheat in the bin and the fertilizer and wait until next spring and put it into spring crops rather than to sow the wheat in this dry ground at the present time with no indications of rain. Not only this but the long distance weather predictions predict a dry Sep- tember, none too much rain in October, and a very cold November. If these pre- dictions should come anywhere near like this it will be a sorry time for wheat this year, anyway. But neither do I put much faith in these long distance weather pre- dictions. I have faith yet that there will be a good rain this month, that we can work the land up and get it in good con- dition to sow the wheat, that the wheat will germinate and come up. and make a. good crop for next year, and I am going to work on that theory. Clover Seed. Last year we had a wonderful second growth of clover. In many instances it would cut a ton and a half to the acre. I should have cut mine for hay but I had the barns full of the first crop and had no place‘ to put it. I knew it was poorly THE MICHIGAN FARMER filled but I thought I might/ get enough but of it to pay for saving it for seed. I made a mistake. Taking everything into consideration it would have been better for me had I left this growth on the ground to have been plowed down. But we don’t know this. Anybody can look back and see where they made mistakes, but the thing is to look ahead and avoid them. That’s where we are all lame. And the man that can do this best is the man that makes the greater success out of farming or out of anything else. The man who has the clearest vision of the future, or in other words, the man who has the best judgment, is the man who makes the most. The most of us haven't got this insight into the future so that we can avoid, many times, serious mistakes, and we have to put up with losses. Of course, there is a great deal of satisfac- tion in knowing that there are other peo- ple in the same boat, that is. other people lack this judgment the same as we do. This year, however, the second growth of clover is almost nothing. I have just been cutting one field for seed and it is so short that I don’t believe we can rake it up so that we can save any great amount of it. The heads are fairly well filled with nice plump bright seed. but the straw in some places is not over six. or eight inches high. We put on the clo- ver seed attachment which leaves it in windrows so that the horses won’t step on it and the machine run over it, and we haven’t get far enough along yet so that we have raked it up into windrows, but I am afraid that we are not going to get enough this year to pay for the trouble any more than we did last year. Last year we had too much, this year too lit- tle. Of course, there is no uSe in whin- ing and finding fault. Probably next year we will have a happy medium and a good second growth that will fill well and we will get a good crop. Nobody can bet on farming for a single year. We must take an average of several years. The New Seeding. The new seeding of red clover this year in this vicinity is the poorest that I ever saw on my own farm. On some of the higher, drier portions of the field one can scarcely find any red clover at all, and then you have to look very closely. There is a little there. When we get the fall rains, which undoubtedly we will, I am in hopes that a sufficient amount of these small plants will come on so that we will have a fair stand or a partial stand at leaSt, of red clover. If it doesn‘t we may have to put in cowpeas or soy. beans or peas and oats in portions of the field next spring in order to have a suffi- cient amount of roughage. If I lose my clover seeding this year it will be the first time in the history of my farming, and I haven't given up entirely yet, al- though it looks pretty doubtful, and cer- tainly if I have lost the red clover seed— ing it will be quite a setback and will be a. serious loss, and I will have to try and have a substitute of soy bean hay or cowpea hay, or peas and oats. Of course, if my 2“ acres of alfalfa that I seeded this year does well, and it is alive now, this will help out very much. If it should happen to be a favorable year for the growth of alfalfa next year and I could get three cuttings on 20 acres, it would be equal to 60 acres of hay, which would ' help me out wonderfully, and I may come out all right, but it makes one worry now. Here it is the very IaSt of August and no rain. \Ve have had two or three moderate showers this summer, but the ground is as dry as dust at the present time and no signs of rain. SUCCESS WITH SEEDING ALFALFA IN OATS. The writer saw a direct contradiction to the general idea about alfalfa seeding recently, on the farm of James Wood, in Green township. He sowed oats last spring on a piece of good heavy clay loam soil, seeding the same with alfalfa just the same as one would seed June clover, He had a good crop of cats, and has a fine, stand of alfalfa, the most even seed- ing I ever saw arOund here. On another piece of ground sowed the same way he ,has a poor stand, but only used half as much seed and the ground was poorer. Mecosta Co. G. W. DIETDERICH. ' WANTED. 'At once, a few men who are hustlers, for soliciting. No experience necessary. Good salary guaranteed and expenses paid. The work is dignified, healthful and instructive. In writing give references and also state whether you have a horse and buggy of your own. Address Box J. F., care Michigan Farmer, Detroit, Mich. Gone tre the days of haphazard Farm methods. Now farms are run on definite schedule. Moments are golden. Each farm is a big manufac- turing plant. Its employees, its ma- chinery,the soil itself—all are crowd- ed to fullest capacity. The saving of each moment counts in lowering production costs. . The farmer, more than the city business man, needs an accurate and dependable watch. , ‘ Your city man can better afford a make-shift. He is only a block away absolutely insures you against watch troubles. First. because of the way it's made. Second,because of the way it’s sold. We take six full months to build it. Then it must run 700 hours on trial and it is inspected Where Accuracy Is a Big Factor! y, /// //// /// \s §s\\\§ /// n // ,, M/ % /,, ////flfl/ \ from the repair shop. And he lives and works where public clocks face him on every hand. So, when his watch goes wrong, he suffers only slight inconvenience. . The farmer. on the other hand, is miles away from the watch doctor. Unless he bought it from a reputable jeweler and had it then and there expertly regulated to his personal requirements—his watch is going to run fast or slow. For regulation or repairs he must take it or send it in -—and wait! . a. The 99 Mesa we permitted the SOUTH BEND to be sold by mail. For only a jeweler—and a very expert one at tint—can properly regulate it to your person. So we have picked 15,083 jew- elcrs in the large cities and the small vil- lages of the United States to sell SOUTH B It N D Watches. 411 timesin the mak- ing. Finally.it must keep perfect time in a refrigerator and then in an electric oven. ’l‘hen,and then only, it is ready for Sold Only by Jewelers Each of the 15,083 knows this famous ice- proor, furnace-proof watch from A to Z. Each is,an expert in watch regulation. You can rely upon it that any SOUTH you. No condition to which your habits and environments can subject it can more severely test its "staying” qualities. Having produced, in the SOUTH BEND, the Master Time-piece, our next responsibility is to deliver it as such to you. This we could not do if ' BEND Watch sold to you by any SOUTH BEND dealer will give lilo—time satisfaction and service. This much—and more—we guarantee. Look up your SOUTH BEND dealer. Have him show you different SOUTH BEND models. Meanwhile. write us and get our free book. "HOW AND WHERE TO SELECT A GOOD WATCH.” THE SOUTH BEND WATCH CO.,9 Market Sh, SOUTH BEND, IND. SHE/i WIN- WILLIAMS Painting today saves rebuilding tomorrow. can buy a lot of paint for the cost of a new barn. Isn't it good judgment to keep the old barn from ruin by investing in a little paint occasionally? PAINTS a VA RNISHES You Sherwin-Williams Creosote Paint will preserve every rough-lumber building around your farm. It is well known that creosote, the especially noteworthy substance in this paint, will prevent decay. It sinlts into the wood and lends wonderful added strength to the life of the wood. Use it on barns. corn cribs. fences, out-buildings and shingle roofs. lt spreads well under the brush and wears long and hard. It: low cost will‘surprise you. This is only one of the great family of paints, stains and varnishes described in our booklet,"Paints and Vamishcs for the Farm." You need this practical. really helpful book whether you want to repaint your bath or merely brighten up a chair or table. We send it free. The Sherwin-Williams Company 669 Canal Road, Cleveland, 0. When writing to advertisers please mention the Michigan Farmer lccpme {Sparrows .yfgoutof your Barn Door HANGER Be rid of these pests and end your hanger troubles for all time by using L o uden’s Bird Proof Hangers \J Barn Door Always on the Job—can’t be clogged in any way, by bird’s nests, trash, snow, sleet or ice. It's the only Double Flexible Barn Door Hanger made—its track is flexibly hung to the wall and sWings out. releasing all accumulated trash. Made of the best steel. absolutely rust-proof. and will give a life-time of perfect service. Modemize YOUR barn with Loudeu’s Per- fect Barn Equipments—Loudes’s Junior Ha Carrier and Balance Grapple Fork; Loudeu I Feed and Litter Carrier-mend Loudeu's Sanitary Steel Stalls and Stanchions. They are all money makers on every farm. See them at your dealer's. If he hasn't them write direct to us. Catalog and valuable booklets sent FREE if you send us your dealer's name. Write today. Louden Machinery Co. 234 Broadway. O. ' Every G o o d D a i ry man’s Pride --- A clean comfortable I cow. housed in a sun- itary barn. You’ll be yprouder of your barn ‘ after it is equipped with HARRIS P5453” Stalls&Stancliions They never wear out, never get out of order. The simplest and most service- able devices of their kind. A comfortable cow gives more and better milk. This means big- ger profits from your herd. Write for our ‘ corn huskfi. Illustrated Catalog Tells all about our labor saving FREE l barn equipment. Ask for it on a post card today. ‘ The Harris My. (20.. Box 150 Salem, Ohio EASIEST RUNNING MILL A Duplex Mill requires 25% less power and will do twice as much work as any other mill of equal size. Grinds car com, shelled corn, oats, wheat, kaf- fir (xi-n, cotton seed, corn in shocks, sheaf oats or any kind of grain. There is no mill made that for speed and com- plete grinding equals the Kelly Duplex :. Grinding Mill { Easily operated. Never chokes. 7 sizes. Fully guaranteed. w Any power. Especially ad. npied for gasoline engines. FREE CATALOG- Duplax Mill a Mia. 00., Box308 Springfield, Ohio gé AMERICAN . 3 mm... CREAM . I5SFEBML FULLY 3:915 hashes 13131222: slant obtain our handsome free catalog. A AMERICAN smmon co. Ziieisai‘lédzft. y. FARMERS, ATTENTION! A complete stock of Dynamite. Powder and Blast- ing Supplies is carried at our magazine Dig Your Ditches. Plant Your Trees and Blow Your Stumps with Dynamite Write for prices and booklets. Austin Powder 00.. Trussed Concrete Bidg.,Deiroii,Mich. YOUR MONEY iii 5% if invested with this Society. Interest paid semi-annually. Let us have your name and address and we will tell you of the advanv [ages offered by this Society which has been dOing business for over twenty years. The industrial Savings Society. Hammond Bldim Detroit. Mich. AUSTIN N KIMMIS. secv, 219 T. ROY WATERBURY. Pres BASH iii BAGS Turn your. old bass into money. We buy them in any quantity. sound or torn. at a liberal price and 33:15“ you lhght. \{gii'te for ‘afliouhnfi alnkd state 11 ave. erence: tizen’s a . Iroqouls Bag 00.. 449 Howard St.. Buffalo. N. Y. ,. Michigan White Cedar FENCE POSTS GEORGE M. CHANDLER. Onaway. Mich. 'THEMICHIGANFARMER |. '=‘_JllillllililliliiillillliilliillllllllllillllllililllilllllillliilllliillilllllllllillillllliililiiliillliiilWINNIE Dairy. lllllllllllillllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllilllllllillllIllllllllllllllilIlllllllllllllililfliill CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE. == 5 E = = E E IE DAIRY NOTES. Canning Factory Waste for Cows. One trouble in' growing crops for the canning factory is that they have to be hauled to the market during the busy part of the year when one has much pressing work to do“ on the farm. We have just finished harvesting our sweet corn for the canning factory. It was a. light crop. On the best corn land for normal years there was scarcely any ears at all. The corn grew up about four feet high and never had an ear on it. I had the same condition in my garden with sweet corn. The grdund was plowed early, it was well fertilized, both with commercial fertilizer and stable manure. and with a normal season I should have had a splendid crop. both in the garden and in this field. One portion of the field runs down onto lower land on the creek bottom, and there I had pretty good sweet corn. Another portion of the field held the moisture better and I had a fair crop there. I picked about $20 worth of corn per acre and I have got the cornstalks left. \Vhere one hauls sweet corn to the canning factory he can haul the husks and cobs back if he can utilize them. Of course. durfrg a dry season like this with nothing green in the pastu‘c and no Silage. the corn husks come pretty handy. The cows like them very well indeed. even if they have turned a little bit sour. Last year. however, they didn’t like them. There was plenty of good fresh grass in the pasture and good corn silage in the silo, and they didn‘t want to eat the Last year we drew home a couple of loads of corn cobs after the corn had been, taken off and the hogs wouldn‘t eat only a few of them and the cubs spoiled on our hands and we had to draw them out and scatter them as ma- nure. This year we didn’t draw any cobs home but we did draw husks. Other people who got their lima beans in earlier on lrmd that didn’t hold the InoiSture as well as mine were harvesting lima beans at the some time. Many of them didn’t take their bean straw. home. lt had a kind of a rank odor and flavor and many cows don’t like them. The can- ning factory people wanted me to draw some of this straw home and put it into the silo and also feed some to the cows, and experiment with it a little bit, and so when we drew the sweet corn over we drew a load of huSks back when we could get them, and when we couldn't get them we drew lima bean straw. Now our cows this year ate the limri bean straw farily Well. At first some of them didn’t like it because it was somehting new. but they finally got to eating it. We put several loads of it in a silo and mixed corn hu°ks with it. The corn husks contain much more moisture and would help settle the straw down. “’hilc we were drawing off the sweet corn. of course, every day we would need a loud to feed the cows, and not put it in the silo, and the last day we hauled we left the wagons loaded and fed them out to the cows. Consequently the cows had all they wanted to eat fresh from the factory until today, when that was used up, and We have fed for the first time from the stuff that had been ensiloed. This on top of the silo was com husks. It had commenced to sour a little bit, eventually some of it on top, of course, would decay the same as it does on the top of the regular cormsilage, but it hadn’t been in long enough yet to spoil. Now the cows are so Well pleased with green stuff that they don’t turn up their noses at something that is a little bit off flavor if it is only green, consequently they ate these corn husks taken off the silo, and I am confident the balance in the silo will be in such condition that they will eat it up readily. If this is the case, and it would work this way every year one could afford to raise something for the canning factory because he wouldhave all of his Waste products come back to be utilized. He would simply sell the com and the beans, and have the cor‘nstalks and the corn husks, and the cobs, and the bean straw and pea vines to bring back. I really don’t think it would pay a man to go on purpose to haul these things away, even though they were going to waste at the canning factory. becauseit is a busy time of the year, but when you go down with a load and otherwise would come back empty,-it is a different proposition. and, my experience this year would warrant me in saying that it would pay anybody- who has live stock to feed when he hauls a load of something to the canning fac- tory to bring back‘ a load of refuse to feed. But I'll know more about this in the future. We have hardly had experi- ence enough yet so that one can say with any degree of positiveness with regard to the value of this stuffk ’ ' Dried-up Corn for Silage. The weather has been So extremely hot and dry lately that much of the corn in- tended for silos has prematurely dried up. Many people are wondering whether this will make good silage or not. Several have asked. My judgment is that this will make excellent ensilage if only a sufficient amount of moisture is put into the silo at the same time this dry corn “ is so that it will settle well and pack and ferment or heat. In fact, I know Very well it will not take anywhere near as much moisture to make this dried-up corn good silage, as it would if the corn had been cut and allowed to stand and become dry. because the stalks are not as dry as they would be if they had been cut. ' , Not only that, but this dry corn is of exceedingly good quality. When we have a dry your like this all of the forage crops while they lack in quantity, make up Some of this in quality. There are more food nutrients to a ton of food that is grown in a dry year than there are in a ton that is grown in a wet year, of hay or anything else, and there isn’t any question but what the proper place to put this corn is in the silo. Don’t cut it up and dry cure it when you have got a silo. Fill that silo. Get a barrel of water and elevate it so that you can have a faucet run a little stream into the blower part of the carrier and moisten this and you will have just as nice ensilage as you ever had. In fact, you will have bet- ter ensilage than you will have in a wet year when the corn is cut up with a Sufficient amount of its own sap, because you have got more food nutrients to the ton of fmlder in this fodder grown this dry season than you will have in fodder grown in a wet season. and when you come to feed it to the cows they Will re- spond with a more liberal flow of milk. It is good stuff if it is dry, and it ought to be properly taken care of, and it Will pay to do it. MICHIGAN COW HOLDS WORLD’S MILK RECORD. Word has been received of the estab- lishment of a new world’s milk record for Jersey cows, by Eminent’s Boss, owned in Houghton county. Mich. Her yearly record, under the supervision of the Mich— igan Agricultural College, shows a pro- -duction of 18,783 pounds of milk. testing 1,132 pounds, nine ounces of butter-fat. The former record, held by Jacoba Irene, was 17,258 pounds of milk. A GREAT DAIRY EXHIBIT. The advice of entries of cattle for this year’s supremacy is sufficient to enable us to say there will be a “battle royal” in the arena at the Enghth Annual Dairy Show in Chicago, The far east, the south- east, the southwest, the central west and the west have some great dairy cattle at all of the fairs and although many from different sections may meet at some Show or fair during the season, yet the ribbon winners in the different sections of our great ecuntry will not all meet until the National and from our mail we learn that owners, managers and herdsmen are gird- ling up their loins ready for mortal com— bat; they sniff the battle from afar and are grooming, feeding and coaxing their cattle to look their beSt. Another battle royal at this year‘s show will be in the creamery butter exhibit. It is said 600 to 800 creameries are going to exhibit and contest for the gold medal of the year. while the other dairy products exhibit will be much larger than ever before and the COmpetition close and keen. The con— ventions to be held by the cattle clubs, the milk dealers, the milk producers, the creamery buttermakers, the creamery managers, the ice cream manufacturers, the college men from the dairy depart- ments, the agricultural and dairy press, and the American Dairy Union promiSe a royal feast and the “Round Table” con-' ference at .whlch delegates from every walk of dairy life will sit. promises great good for the dairy industry. The exhibit conducted by the Dairy Division of the U.‘ S. Department of Agriculture greatly increased in its usefulness, is in itself worth a trip to the show. scar; 11.1913. " ‘- ..... DE LAVAL CREAM ‘ ; SEPARATORS' Make Fall and Winter Dairying More Profitable 7 I IHERE are special advantages in using a good cream separator during the fall and winter months. The milk from cowa long in lactation is hardest to cream.—and likewise hardest to separate with an inferior separator. .MoreOVer. cream and butter prices are highest. so that the waste of gravity setting or a poor separator counts for most. Then there's the sweet. warm skim-milk for stock feeding. alone worth the cost of a separator in cold weather. There is surely no reason to delay the purchase of a separator or to continue the use of an inferior one. A De Laval machine will save its cost by spring. and may be bought on such liberal terms if desired as to actually pay for itself meanwhile. See your local De Laval agent. 3“; THE DE LAVAL fill -‘- SEPARATOR C0. ,r .qu NEW YORK ,, " . , CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO SEATTLE MONTREAL WiNNiPEG DICKELMAN Extra “Cluster” Metal Tile Cheaper Than Wood or Slate Positively proof against fire. lightning, Windstorm or rust. li'it perfectly tight. with lock and flange No water can seep through. No soldering-Just hammer and nails. Cost 0 laying will not exec 25 cents per square. Made from ELMAN EXTRA best quality 0 n hearth plates. If you want a. perfect roof at a ow cost put on DICKELMAN EXTRA “CLUSTER” enINGLEs If your dealer does not handle them write us di- rect—don't accept any cheap substitute. DICKELMAN MANUFACTURING COMPANY 66 Gormley St.. Forest. Ohio. We also make Oorrugated,V-crim£ed and Roll Booting. Ask for catalog an prices. . PUMP GRIN!) SAW 5.”:qu Wood Mills are Best. Engines are Silnpei Feed Grinders, Saw . Frames. Steel Tanks fl. - CATALOGUE "I: AHINTS \VANTID Perkins Wind Mill & Engine Co. Est. 1860 - _ 135 Ina sr. Milli-wake. lad. SAVE YOUR CORN THE FREELAND CORN Cllll is absolute roof rcainst rats. mice. birds and re. ads of perforated galvanized sheet steel. is practically indestructible. Cures corn perfectly. Easy to erect. Write for illustrated catalog of sizes, prices and all details. H’ Pioneer Manufacturing Company, Middlebury, indium. ELE Steel OVJd‘efiggls‘ Save draft—save repairs. Don't rut roads or fields. Bend oday for free illustrated catalog of wheels and wagons. Iootric Wheel Co.. 85 Elm St" Quincy, Ill. Save Y The Largest and Best Line oi Road Machinery We have been making it for over 35 years. Everything for Road Building. The oldest Company in the business With the Latest Improved Machinery. Send for hand- v il ustrated cats. 0 —- somel. l l it FREE. THE AUSTIN WESTERN ROAD MACHINERY 00.. CHICAGO Genie—s5 Churn and .Butter Worker All sizes. For Farm.Dai ry and Creamery. #4.. .4 l *Jui- i ~lo~£~ a SEPT. 27, '1913. relation of live stock to our agri- culture is ever an important one. but perhaps more important at present than at any previous time in the history of our agriculture. This is true for many reasonS, perhaps the most important of which is that relating to the conservation and upbuilding of the fertility of Our Soils. Farm Fertility and lee Stock. While maintaining live stock upon the farm does not necessarily insure that the fertility of the farm will be materially increased, unleSs the soil management is of the best and supplementary fertiliza- tion is practiced, yet it does insure a greater degree of soil conservation than would be possible without the mainte- nance of the live stock upon the farm. This being true, it becomes a fundamental reason why every Michigan farmer should make live stock production an important factor in the management of his farm. When our soils were comparatively new and supplied with a considerable store of unavailable fertility, which was made available through cultivation, this was not a question of such immediate im- portance. At the same time our soils were not only supplied with the necessary elements of plant food in a more or less available form, but they also contained a much larger percentage of vegetable matter or humus and were in much better mechan- ical condition than is the case at the present time. This is quite as important a factor in soil fertility as is the actual presence of plant food, and one upon which the maintenance of live stock upon the farm and its management has an im— portant bearing. Where pastures are too heavily stocked and every vestige of grass is eaten off in the heat of summer and where the live stock is turned into the meadows after haying, and on the new seeding after harvest. the result may T HE question of the proper economic ' be actual depletion of the humus in the soil and injury to the mechanical condi- tion of the soil, even though the manure which is made upon the farm by feeding the stOck is carefully saved and applied to the soil. With proper management, however. this need not be the case and is not a legitimate reason for failing to maintain some kind of live stock upon the farm in the interest of the conservation of the Soil fertility. It is, however, a factor which sh0uld be taken into consideration in determining the kind and amount of live stock' which will be maintained and in the management of such live stock when this point has been finally settled. When viewed from the standpoint of con- Servation of soil fertility, then, there will never be a time in the experience of any Michigan farmer when this question of the proper relation of live stock to his general scheme of farming can be more profitably considered than at the present time. since there is need 'of both conser- vation of fertility and of humus in the soil of the average Michigan farm today. The lee Stock Situation. From an ecomonic standpoint the time is just as propitious for the consideration of this important problem by the average Michigan farmer. Conditions have been such as to reduce the amount of live stock maintained upon Michigan farms to perhaps the lowest relative point in the history of our agriculture. The same conditions have obtained the country over with the consequent effect of a general rise in values for practically all kinds of live stock maintained upon our farmS. This, in fact, has in itself operated to decrease the amount of live stock main- tained upon the farms of the country, since there is a general tendency to take advantage of a market which is higher than is ordinarily enjoyed, to sell as large an amount of stock as possible, and thus swell the income from the farm. Undoubtedly, also, prospective tariff leg- islation has been a further incentive to the selling of live stock which should have been kept upon the farms, while the rela- tively high price of feed, coupled with a failure of pastures over a large section of the country due to dry weather con- ditions, have been contributary causes to the depletion of the country's live stock supply to a point which threatens to make the future product fall below the demand for conSumption at even an advance over present values. It is the opinion _of.every well informed student of present condi- tions that live stock of all kinds Will con- tinue to bring higher prices than has ever before been the case in the 'history of ‘ THE MICHIGAN FARME'R LiVeStock and the Farm. our agriculture and that from an eco- ‘nomic standpoint it can be more profit— ably made a larger factor in the produc- tion _of the average farm than has here- tofore been the case. Hence with a dou- ble benefit in view of conserving and in- creasing the fertility of our worn soils and at the same time adding to the in- come of our farms, each and every Mich- igan farmer has a double incentive for making a more careful study of the prop- er relation of live stock to his farm. The Solution of the Problem. .Having reached the inevitable conclu- sion that live stock should be made a more prominent factor in the products of the farm, which is certain to be reached by the man who makes a careful study of this problem. its solution is but just be- gun. The special line of live stoek pro- duction which will be followed is quite as important a factor in the correct solution of the problem as is the conclusion that more live stock Should be kept. This is. however, an individual, rather than a gen- eral problem to each farmer and must be considered in connection with the other factors of farm management, such as the growing of cash crops. the adaptability of the farm to different lines of live stock production. the- available market, etc.. to say nothing of the personal tastes and preferences of the farmer himself which are quite important items in this general consideration. A Fixed Policy Best. This point in the problem is of greater importance than would be at first deemed by the casual student, since in order to be mOst highly successful any line of live stook production should be a fixed rather than a transient policy. This is true. not alone because of the fact that a change in lines of production is generally made only when the line abandoned is at the low point in the ebb and flow of its pros- perity. while just the reverse is ordinarily true of the new line of production estab— lished, but as well because the eXperience gained along one line is of the greatest value along that line only and the benefit which would be derived from it is lost by frequent changes in policy. For these reaSOns eyery farmer shOuld carefully consider the problem of what live stock he will make a specialty so that mistakes along this line may be avoided and this branch of farm production be placed upon the most firm foundation possible. Whether the deciSion be made in favor of horses, cattle, sheep or hogs it should be sufficiently well considered so that there will not be occasion for reversing it in the near future and every economic problem connected with the production and marketing of the live stOck selected as such special line of production should be most carefully studied to the end that the economic benefits may be made as pronounced as possible. The Industry Should be Developed 'Grad- ually. Having reached a decision upon these points, the question will naturally arise. how shall the person so deciding launch out into the chosen line of production. Right here is the test of good business management. Obviously every farmer in Michigan or the country cannot at once undertake to increase their live stock pro- duction to the capacity of their farms as the foundation stock would not be avail- able. Since, then, it is impractical for farmers generally to go into the live stock business on a large scale their best course is undoubtedly to grow into it more slow- ly, but on a more stable foundation, thus resulting in a gradual increase of live stock products which will not more than keep pace with the increase in the mar— ket demand and avoid an unwarranted expenditure for foundation stock. This problem as outlined is one of the great- est importance to the agriculture of Mich- igan and which every reader would find it to his advantage to consider most care- fully at the present time. “There’s a lot of hog disease all over the middle weSt and conditions are es- pecially bad in Illinois and Iowa. Still I don't believe all these hogs have cholera,” remarks Herman R. Hess, of Earlham. 10wa. “Years ago the cholera hogs emit- ted a sickening odor, but now only a small proportion do. Those are the ones I think have cholera. Cholera used to break out after hogs had been fed green corn in the fall of the year. Now its go- lng on all the time. Hogs with cholera usually turn purple under the shoulders and behind— the ears. But I think a great many of the sick hogs nowadays have lung trouble. Whatever it is, it’s con- tagious." I’ll Eliminate Your: Hog Troubles GILBERT HESS, B::::::$t'::’.‘:.~i:':..s..~.... / I .J-w'f" Dr. Hess Stock “ Tonic " .d/ usedregularly in the swill or drinkingwater ‘ l” andDr.HessDi andDisinfectantusedliber—i l all aroundthe oghousesandinthewallow wil make your swine virtually disease-' proof and expel the worms. Remember, the vi orous, well-developed, clean-kept hog is able to stan the ravages of these diseases far better than the weak, unthrifty animal. .It iS “the survival of the fittest” when hog disease IS rampant. In Dr. Hess Stock Tonic I have put every ingredient which my 25 years’ experience as a veterinary scientist and doctor of medicme tells me a hog requires to keep healthy. thrifty and tree from worms. Heed this—a fattening hog that is not given topics and laxatives is liable to come to trouble through overfecdmg and a clogged system, just the same as a human being would suffer who ate a thanksgiving dinner three times a day without laxatives. Dr. Hess Stock Tonic contains the tonics and laxatives essential to heavy- fed animals. I Absolutely Guarantee that Dr. Hess Stock Tonic will make your stock healthy, thrifty. free from disease and free from worms. If it does not pay you and pay you well. I have authorized your dealer to reiundyour money. Never sold by peddlers. I save the peddlers: salary, theup-keep of wagon and team and give you the benefit, which these prices prove: 25»lb. pail 81.60; loo-lb. sack $5.00. Smaller packages as low as 50c (except in Canada. the far West and the South). Manufactured by DR. HESS & CLARK, Ashland, Ohio 5—265 Dr. liess Poultry Pan-a-ce-a A splendid poultry tonic that shortens the moultlng period. it gives the moult- ing hen vnalily to force out the old quills. grow new feathers and get back on the job laying eggs all winter. It tones up the dormant egg organs and makes hens lay. Also helps chicks grow. Economical to use—a cnny’s worth is enough or 30 fowl per day. it lbs. 25c: 5 lbs. 60c; 25-"). pail $2.51. Except in Canada and the fai West. Guaranteed. Dr. Hess Instant Louse Killer Kills lice on poultry and all farm stock. Dust the hens and chicks with it. sprinkle it on the roosis, in the cracks and dust bath. Also destroys bugs on cucumber, squash and melon vines, cabbage worms, etc.. slu s on rose bushes. etc. omes in handy sifting-top cans, 1 lb. 25c. 3 lbs. 600. Except in Canada and the far West. I guarantee it. FRAME SILO, four drawings. ”Even Temperature” Silo. SMALL CONSERVATORY, four drawings, cheap to build. Book Free! Plans Free! Farm Outbuildings Plans ThatMasterfulBook,“CYPRESS FOR ALL FARM NEEDS,”Contains 8 SETS OF ORIGINAL ARCHITECTS PLANS for buildings on the farm, and the Book Is Free This Book Contains Full Plans and Detail Drawings for: LARGE S’I‘OCK BARN. 24 stalls,with Silo, 3 Drawings. GENERAL PURPOSE BARN,4 draw- ings—easy to build. "YANKEE" BARN, for SO-acre farm, two drawings. DOUBLE POULTRY HOUSE. two drawmgs, simple enough. DOUBLE CORN CRIB, two drawings. Needed on every farm. HOG HOUSE, two drawings. most practical ever designed. 1 Get ’Em! Clip out the coupon and send to us. we send the book gladly.‘ Also you may get the Barn Book, V01. ‘3‘ Carpentry Book. Vol. 36. “All Farm Needs Book" IS Vol. 20, and they have real, permanent value to_ you. Vol. 37 is the new Silo Book, and it is an authority on the subject. Better Clip and Mail Coupon Tonight Southern Cypre as Sn. Cypress Mfrs' Ass'n 110‘ Hibernia Bank Bldg. New Orleans. La. Please send me at once “Cy- Dress for All Farm Needs" Book, Vol. 20, Cypress Pocket Library. Free to me. I ' Mfr’s Ass’n. , Hibernia ank Bldg. New Orleans, La. State R. F. D.-—Town——.__.._.._ When Writing to advertisers you saw thelr ad. in The #- lease state that ichigan Farmer. ...... I THE MICHIGAN FARME-R - .Three Big Savmgs Which Men Get I In No-Rim-Cut Tires Alone You get all these things at no added price in No - Rim - Cut Tires. Here are three features—costly features —found in no other tire. save motorists .millions of dollars. d Features that That’s why they outsell any other tire made. Savmg No. I These tires make rim-cutting impossible. They do it by a feature which we control, and which can’t be successfully imitated. With old—type tires—with . clincher tires—rim-cutting ruins almost One tire in three. That is proved by careful statistics. Saving No. 2 We add to our tire cost $1,500 per day to give the ‘ ‘On-Air-Cure” to No-Rim-Cnt tires. We final- cure them on air bags shaped like inner tubes -— under actual road conditions. We do this to save the blow- outs caused by wrinkled fabric. No other maker does this, be- cause it costs too much. Savmg No. 3 We use a costly patent method to prevent tread separation. Loose treads have cost motorists millions of dollars. We have exclusive use of this vital protection, and no other maker employs it. No Extra Price Becmise of theSe extras, No- Rim—Cnt tires used to cost one-fifth more than other standard tires. Yet they that hundreds of thousands paid the saved so much price to get them. They became the world‘s favorite tires. Now our mammoth output has brought the cost down. Today you can buy them just as low as any standard tire. Tires with these features cost lack them. Why not get these savings? no more than tires which Our dealers are everywhere. Goon No-Rim-Cut Tires With or Without Anti-Skid Treads AKRC. ., OHIO. ii Main Canadian Office. THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO., Akron, Ohio Branches and Agencies in 103 Principal Cities-More Service Stations Than Any OtherTire FOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS We Make All Kinds of Rubber Tires. Tire Accessories and Repair Outfits Toronto. Outs-Canadian F actory. Bowmanville, Ont. London Address: Central House, Kingsway. London. W. C. (1350) J Be Safe! Don’t take chances with spavin, splint, . curb. ringbone. bony growths, sweliln ' or any form of lameness. Use the o d ' reliable remedy— KENDALL’S Spavin Cure Its power is testified to by thousands of users. At druggists '1 a bottle; 6 for 85. Ask your druggist for book, “Treatise on the Horse." Write Dr. B. .l. Kendall Co. Enooburg Falls, Vt. FEED MILLS GIVE BEST RESULTS Handy to operate, lightest running. Crush ear corn (with or Without shocks) and grind all kmds of small gram. . 10 sizes 2 to 25 H._P. capacity Gto 200 bushels. Conical shaped ’ grinders -- difi'erenl: from all others. Investigate. Write for Catalog that tells all about them. with .4. “ i “ iron 10. or about valuesof different. feeds and manures. D. N. P. BOWSHER co. South Bend, Ind. fi( )fi( 221:2! fi IIII Whip Ouilasls All Others A big claim, but we stand ready to prove it—and more. Red Rawhide Center Whips look better, have more snap. stand straighter, excel In all WlllD omts. becauseihcy are built around Re Raw- hide Centers. Our secret method of treat- ingkecpsout moisture. Ifyouwantprooj, send for the famous Westheld test. It IS the great eye-opener to whip users, and will save youfrom buying inferior whips. We will send you this proof free, if 'our dealer has not the facts. Ask him irst. UNITED STATES WHIP C0. Weslueld. Mass. o I" conditioner . Death to Heaven “Guarauteed or Money Back.‘ g ”WCoughs,Distempergludigrstion. ‘i, r' I I 50c, 1.00percnn. - NEWTON Sburgeforfleuvss. ‘ At drugglsu' or sent poatpnid. TH E STATE FAIR. (Continued from. page 262). As usual the gasoline engine was. much in evidence, both in its stationary form for farm power, and exemplifying the evolution of the farm tractor, a number of different new types of which were seen at this show. One would almost think that development had reached its limit along the line of equipment for the farm and farm home, but each year brings out many new devices for lessening the cost of p'roductiou or lightening the labor in the field and in the home. There is no better place to study these developments than at a State Fair, where the new things as Well as the old and reliable standbys are exhibited. Entertainments. The entertainment features of this year’s fair were fully up to the standard of previous years. The rain interfered with the racing program on two days but with the free musical features, speeches by leading men. lectures in the dairy demonstration building. together with fre- quent aeroplane flights. and the horse show at night, the whole program being finished with a magnificent display of fireworks. the free entertainment features provided ample diversion for tired fair patrons. Altogether the State Fair for 1913 was a most excellent show. the only matter for regret being that unfavorable weather conditions limited the attendance some- what. This, however, was a factor over which the management had-no control and it is a matter for congratulation that the attendance was so large under the unfavorable weather conditions which pre- vailed. The premium awards in the live stock classes will be given in the next issue. FEEDING COWS AND CALVES. A report has been received by the De- partment of Agriculture of some experi- ments conducted by the Kentucky Sta- tion in feeding dairy cows and calves. Eighty calves were employed in tests to determine the advisability of using calf nipples for feeding the young calf. “It required on an average for all the calves, 39% seconds for the bucket-fed calves to drink their milk, while the calves suck- ing their milk through the nipple required an average of two minutes and 21 sec- onds to drink the same quantity of milk. It was showu conclusively that during the first seven to 10 weeks of the calf’s’ life, they were more thrifty when fed through the nipple, which was due to the fact that as they suck the milk they mix it thor- oughly with saliva and take it slowly. Af- ter the seventieth day the nipple was no more effective than bucket feeding.” An experiment was made with 18 grade and pure-bred JerFey calves to test the relative efficiency of corn, fiaxseed, and whole milk. The average daily gains for the three lots were. respectively, 1.44 lbs., 1.26 lbs, and 1.38 lbs., and indicate that it is unnecessary to use high priced whole milk, or to purchase expenSive oil-bear- ing seeds, such as flexseed. to supplement skim-milk fOr calves that are two months old. LIVE STOCK N EWS. James Dobbs, of Medicine Lodge, Kas, is banking on high cattle prices for the next year at least. ln Barber county. “here be live“, Mr, Dobbs owns about 3.500 acres of good land on which he has raised a world of good feed this season. Besides that he also owns about 6,500 acres of land in Roberts county, Texas, where he rair'es considerable feed. “For- age fceds and the silo will solve this cat- tle problem in the Southwest country and do it right.” he says. “\l'lien we get the silos up and then devote mo:e time and acres to raising kafir corn and milo maize, we will find that the cattle business will be still better than it has been in the past few years when we all made money. 1 have kafir corn on my Barber county farm this season that will make ten tons of silage to the acre, which is not bad for an off season. I have corn that will make 15 buShels to the acre, which helps out, too. If converted into silage this would make enough feed to winter a large number of cattle but it is the kafir corn and milo maize that are the reliable feed crops which never fail. This year on my home farm 1 am building two silos which .1 will fill. They have a capacity of 300 tons each. They are built of cement, which I consider the most durable. When we look about, and remember the large amount of good feed Kansas farmers rais- ed last year, which. if it had been put into silos and held over until now would be of inestimable value, and save the farmers from sacrificing their stock, we at once grasp the situation, and realize what a great necessity these feed savers are. We simply cannot afford to take chances on getting through without them.” SEPT." 27. 1913. Pay me- less Get moreglalue; NM‘lmboaywmdl 1°“ ole yfi'uflihme In no II I. my latest reduce: PM Price. Direct to Users. ' I made the WITTE. the lender in useful- ness 2? years ago, when the gas engine busi- ness was in its swaddling clothes. I have kept it ahead ever since, as the thousands of my customers testify. WI'I‘I'E Engines Gasoline,Gas and Kerosene. Sizes 1% to 40 H—P. stationary and mounted, (skids and trucks) with detachable cylin- ders, vertical valves, and other features of merit without which no engine can be really high-grade. Start easily; no cranking; run without watching, 24 hours a day. Cheaper power, per horse“. than others give. Ely Direct From Factogy 60 Dnys’ Free Trial. 5—Year Guaranty. I give you lowest; facto prices ever known for strictly high stan srd engines of proven worth. No reasonable terms refused if you don’t wish to pay all curb. Get my new book. FREE. with latest prices. 0 ED. II. WITI' , “'Hafié'ifiiflgflléf' KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI. 1 Ask Only $1.. Send for Free Book on Cleaning and Grading Grain. Then ask for the size _, machine you want. send “.00 and I‘ll . ship 1914 model Chathsm. freight pro- » paid. with special scroons'snd riddles for all Grains. Grasses and Wood Seed where you live. Give it a month's hard test. I! not satisfied, send it back and get your ‘1. I! satisfied, pay me any time before 1914. CHAIIIAIW Grain ”ARBOR .Handlos all grains and OMPBELI' grass seeds; takes out weed seed : separates mixed grains leaves big. pure seed. Over 300.- 000 Chathams in use, and every owner satisfied! Write a postal now for my FREE copyrighted b00k. “The Chathsm System of Breeding Big Crops;" descrip- tion. price. terms. etc. Address nearest oflice. Dept. 60 MANSON CAMPBELL CO. Detroit, Kansas City, Minneapolis l Your Root You can make the old worn-out tin, iron, steel, felt or gravel roof give you as much service as a new roof and you can double the life of that old shingle roof. ROOF-Fl casts? and keeps them cured. Cost slight. One coat does the Work. In black and red. Ready for use. Absolutely guaranteed to do the work. Write at once for the free Roof Book. Address 8. E. CONKEY CO., 3339 Woodland Ava, Cleveland, Ohio. DoYour 01am Shredding With a Rosenthal No. l Cyclone SOLD Oil TRIAL Corn Husker and Shredder Made for farmer’s own use: only die 8 H. P. re quired. We also make three larger Sizes requiring 10 to 20 HP. 18 years in the field. Shredded corn iodderis natural food. \Vill keep cattle in health ulcondition \‘Vrite for catalog. State how many horse power you use llOSEllTilll. cOllll HUSKEII CO., Box 2, Millsulm, Wis We also make Rosenthal Feed Cutters and Silo Fillers flufawa Ask your dealer to show you CUTAWAY (CLARK) disk barrows and plows. Write us for free book,” The Soil and Intensive Tillage." The Cutaway Harrow Company 992 Main Street. Higznnum. Conn. Feed Grinders are guaranteed to do thorough and quick work. Strongly built: and easy running. Sweep and power mills in many sizes and styles. Illustrated Booklet about. feeding and grinding Free. Write today. The Star Manufacturing Company 11 Depot St, New Lexington, 0H0 - L... I E N G I N E t n on gasoline, kerosene, distillate, ." any cheap fuel oil. Cost less to run—- . develop more power. Patent throttle .' gives (in: engines is on. Many other - exclusive tenures—guaranteed l0 ' ta 73’. ears—we s Irei lit—30 do 'I .1... 5...: y . r ~° , ammo m. ; II. no. a. m no» It. lamina. ‘of its own. SEPT. 27, 1913.‘ THE MICHIGAN FARMER filllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllIllIllllIIllIl|llIIIlllllllllllllllllllllll|IlllIliumllllllllllmllllllllll|IllllllllllllllllllIlillIIlllllIIIllllllllllllllllllllll|Illllllll||IlllIlllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllll|lllllIlllllllllll”Milling E ' o o E E Practical SCI€IIC€. g Ell“IlllllllllllllIllllIlllllllIlllIllllllllllIlllllllIlllllll|IllllIlllllllllllllllIllIlll|IIIlllIllll|IllllilillllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllll|IllI|II|lllllIHl|lIlllIlllllllllllllIlllHlIlllllllllIIl|II|llIIIIIIIIHlH|l|lIlllIllllIllllllllillllllllllg HOG CHOLERA. Serum than for the virus, because the dose of serum is considerably larger. (Continued from last week). Inasmuch as the virus which is given f th D' contains the germs of the cholera, it ac- The gefrplieagfo hoge clifilgfs may be tually causes a mild attack of the disease spread in a variety of ways. It is not necessary for healthy, non-immune hogs to come in contact with sick hogs or cholera-infected premises in order to contract the disease. Persons may car- ry the diSease on their clothing or shoes; dogs, cats or birds may spread the in- fection. Treated or immune hogs may carry the infection from infected herds or pens although perfectly healthy them- selves. Stock cars that have not been thoroughly disinfected may be the means of spreading the disease. A herd may be infected by improper vaccination meth- ods, and instead of immunizing the hogs it may actually infect them with cholera, if not carefully and judiciously used. Preventlve Treatment. It has been recently discovered that well hogs may be treated (vaccinated) with hog-cholera serum so that they will not take the disease if exposed later. Such treatment is called immunization. This method of treatment has passed the ex- perimental stage and is now on a prac- tical working basis. There are several different methods for immunizing hogs or making them immune to cholera. Immu- nization consists in bringing about the presence of What are called immune bod- ies in the blood. They enable the animal to resist such cholera germs as enter the system. These immune bodies are preS- ent in the blood of hogs that have recov- ered from cholera. Such animals are sometimes called “immunes.” A hog that has been treated with hog cholera serum without exposure to chol- era at the same time, does not form any protective substances or immune bodies It is rendered immune for a short time (three weeks to two monthS), due to the presence of the protective sub— stances injected. Such treatment is known as the single or “serum-only" method. On the other hand, a hog that has been treated by the single method, and- exposed to cholera at the same time, will usually form its own immune bodies in its blood, sufficient to render it perfectly immune. The function of these immune bodies, or protective substances, in the blood ap- pears to be that of neutralizing or ren- dering harmless the cholera germs when they gain entrance to the hog’s body. )Vhen it is desired to make a hog per- fectly immune, and there is no cholera yet in the herd, it is‘ necessary that hog cholera germs be introduced into his sys- tem simultaneously with the serum, which protects the hog from cholera germs in- jected. This is accomplished by the in- troduction into the hog’s body of a small amount of viruS. Virus is the germ-lad- en blood obtained from a. hog sick with cholera. It is injected at the same time with the serum. but with a separate sy- ringe. By this method the hog is enabled to develop enough protective substances of its own to render it perfectly immune. This is known as the double, or "serum- virus” method of treatment. We advise single treatment for herds recently infected. From experience we have learned that it is not a good plan to use-serum in herds where the disease ,has prevailed for a long time, or where a. large part of the hogs have died. and Where many others are sick. Some dis- appointing results have been obtained by using the single method in unexposed herds, because the disease may be con- tracted six weeks later or in even less time, because the immunity conferred by the serum has died out. The double method may be used in herds in which cholera has just appear- ed, or in healthy herds in a locality where cholera has made its appearance. There is some risk of introducing cholera into a healthy herd by the double treatment. It muSt, therefore, be administered with extreme care, because when used care— lessly, it may have the bad result of caus- ing a large number of the treated hogs to develop vaccination cholera and thereby infect the premises. Even when used with extreme care, by experts, a small percentage of vaccinated animals (about two per cent on a large number) contract the disease as the result of the treat- ment. ‘In double vaccination both serum and ‘virus are injected at the same time but at different places with separate sy- ringes. A larger syringe is used for the in the hog treated, but the serum inject- ed at the same time serves to hold the disease germs in check and does not al- low them to get a foothold in the hog’s body. Most hogs will not show any effect from the double vaccination, but a few may refuse to feed about the fourth‘or fifth day, and then be all right in a day or so. ~ Sime hogs are much more susceptible to cholera than others. or. on the other hand. some hogs have much m0”e natural immunity against cholera than others. Herd after herd may be vaccinated by the double method without a single case of cholera developing as a result. Then a herd may be vaccinated by the same serum, and a number of cases of cholera develop afterward. This can be explain— ed in two ways: (1) these hogs may have been infected before the vaccination, but not long enough for symptoms of cholera to have developed; or, (2) the great var- iation in natural resistance possessed by hogs may explain these disappointing re- sultS. It will be seen from a comparison of the single and double methods that in the former the cholera germs present in an infected herd answer the same Dur- DOSe as the virus given in the double method. Instead of the hogs taking the germs into their systems in a natural way when the single method is used, they are actually inoculated with the germs when the virus is injected. What‘ to Do. (1). When hogs are Well and no chol— era is in the vicinity, we do not advise vaccination, provided every precaution is taken to prevent infection from entering the herd. Hogs should not be taken out of a healthy herd and sent to a show for exhibition purposes without being pro— tected with serum. It should also be remembered that a hog that has been to a show may bring back cholera germs to a healthy herd. (2).. Vi’hen hogs are well. and cholera is in the vicinity, the double vaccination is recommended. unless one is prepared to dispose of his hogs immediately. If hogs are to be kept, the single vaccination will confer only a short immunity. lasting from three to six weeks. Artificial pen ex- posure may be pratcticed. (3). When cholera has made its ap- pearance in the herd. hogs which are not extremely sick or in an advanced stage of disease should be treated imme- diately by the serum-only method. l‘ie- layed treatment will bring disappointing results. In case it is impossible to secure a ser- um immediately and the owner decided to send the hogs to market, this may be done. The following regulations of the Zureau of Animal Industry apply to hogs affected with cholera: (1). Hogs showing advanced, well— markcd lesions of cholera are condemned outright. (2). Hogs showing less extensive les- ions are not condemned; but may be ren- dered into lard under prescribed condi- tions. (3). Hogs that show only slight, limit- cd lesions on post-mortem examination may be passed for food, provided the car- cass is Well nouriShed.——H. Preston Hos- kins, Asst. Veterinarian, Minnesota Ex. Station. A VALUABLE REFERENCE. In connection with the veterinary ad- vice given in the Michigan Farmer, every reader can use to excellent advantage one of the Michigan Farmer Anatomical Charts. This chart illustrates the horse, cow, sheep, hog and fowl, the perfect animal, the bones. the muscles, the blood system and the internal organs, also giv- ing the name and location of each bone, muscle, and vital organ. Dr. Fair. our veterinarian. recommends the use of this chart and believes it Will help you great- ly to make your questions better under- stood and also enable you to better un- derstand the answers. This chart is only one of the features of our six-page collection of charts which also contain maps of Michigan, the Uni- ted States and the world, and many other valuable features. The entire collection will be sent postpaid. for only 30c. The Michigan Farmer, Detroit, Mich—Adv. The Merger of East and West “But there is neither East nor West, Border, nor Breed, nor Birth, When two strong men stand face to face, tho’ theyL come from the ends of the earth! ” —KIPLING. The telephone, by making communication quick and In the “Ballad of East and West,” Kipling tells the story of an Indian border bandit pursued to his hiding place in the hills by an English colonel’s son. These men were of different races and represented widely different ideas of life. But, as they came face to face, each found in the other elements of character which made them friends. In this country, before the days of the telephone, in- frequent and indirect com- munication tended to keepthe people of the various sections separated and apart. direct, has been a great cementing force. It has broken down the barriers of distance. It has 'made us a homogeneous people. The Bell System, with its 7,500,000 telephones connect— ing the east and the west, the north and the south, makes one great neighborhood of the whole country. It brings us together 27,000,000 times a day, and thus develops our common interests, facilitates our com- mercial dealings and promotes the patriotism of the people. AMERICAN TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMPANY AND ASSOCIATED COMPANIES One Policy ‘ One System Universal Service fl . l) odious/£2? Makes Every Gasoline Motor Worth More olarine .FRICTION REDUCING' MOTOP OIL Polarine starts to lubricate at the first turn 0 t c motor—even in winter, after standingfor hours at a temperature of zero. It maintains the correct lubricating body at any motor speed or heat, on the hot- test summer day. . _ lt penetrates to every part and gives It full protection. lt keeps friction at the no- wear point an thus obviates many costly repairs. And it serves in any type of motor —motor cars, motor boats, motor trucks. Don't spoil a good motor with poor oil. And don't iudge motor oil by appearance. The poorest oils may look as good as the est. Polarine is made by the World’s Oil Specialists after fifty years' experience with every kind of friction prob em. resent ay possibilities do not ermit of the mak- ing of any better oil. A 1 our vast facilities an resources are concentrated on Polar- ine. Get a can today. STANDARD OIL COMPANY (AN INDIANA conronarrom Maker: of Special Lubricatinl Oil: for hall“ Engineering and lndmtrial Work: of the World When Writing to Advertisers please mention the Michigan‘Farmer. ; romp) 4.. < .~.« 268—8 The Michigan Farmer Esmblished 1843. Th 6 Lawrence Publishing Co. Editors and Proprietors. 45 Co see at. West. Detroit. Michigan. 39 to “TELEPHONE MAIN 4525. . an Yong OFFICE-41Agark iBiow. B lldi g CHICAGO snot—604 verx- s n; u n . CLEVELAND Omen— 1011-1015 Oregon Ave.. M. J. LAWBINOEWN ............President 1!. L. LAWWBENOE.... .....Vice-Prenident E. H. EOUGHTON ........................ .-BBO.-TIB&B. I. R. WATEBBUBY.......................... 0. Ill. YUUNG.... Associate BUBT WEBMUTH..... m...) Editors. ALTA LAWSON LITTELL ................. E. H. HOUGHTON .................. Business Manager TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One yenr. 52 issues.... ........................... .50 cents Two yenrs. 104 issues ................................. 51."? Three yes 156 issues......................... ....].23 Five years, issues .................................. 2.00 All sent postpaid. Onnsdian subscriptions 500 a year extra for postage Always send money by draft. postofl’ice money ord-Ir, registered letter or by express. We will not be 'e, sponsible for money sent In letter-i. Ad tree-I all cost. munications to. and make all drafts checks. and post. oifice orders payable to, the Lawrence Publishing 00 . RATES OF ADVERTISING: 40 cents per line agate measurement. or $5.60 per inch. each insertion. No adv't inserted for less than 8 J) or insertion. . 0? o lottery, quack doctor or swxndling advertise: men's inserted at any price. . , Entered as secon i class matter at the Detroxt. Mich- issn. postofllce. COPYRIGHT I9l3 by the Lawrence Pub. 00. All persons are warned against reprinting any portion of the contents of this issue without our written permission. DETROIT, SEPT 27, 1913. CURRENT COMMENT. In the last issue ref- CrOp Prospects and erence was made to Prices. the fluctuation ‘of average farm prices for the aggregate of staple farm products during the past year. As noted in that comment the average farm price for sta— ple crops decreased considerably during the early part of the year, owing to the abundant production of last season in most staple crops. At present the aver- age farm price for staple crops is on the increase. due to the fact that unfavorable Weather conditions over a large pait of the country have decreased the prospect for a normal production of a number of staple crops. This fact is of interest and should be taken into consideration by the farmer who is a market student, in determining whether to sell a product as soon as it is harvested and in condition for the mar- ket or hold it for a future market on the prospect of getting a better price. This is a more important consideration with the perishable cash crops grown than with the grain crops which can be stored an indefinite period of time. both because fluctuations of the market for the per— ishable crops are generally greater than is the case with the grain crops and be- cause the perishable crops must in any event be sold within a fixed time. The potato crop which will soon be harvested is one of these and as potato jigging will become the work of the hour upon Michigan farms during October, the situation with regard to this crop is one which it will pay every farmer who grows potatoes on a commercial scale to study carefully. The national crop report for September places the average condition of the potato crop at 69.9 per cent of normal, which is l0 per cent below the average for the pat ten years, and a like falling off is indicated during Sep— tember. The October estimates will be more dependable. but from the tone of the crop notes which appear in this and previous issues from a wide section of the country, it would appear that only over a limited area will the late potato crop be up to previous expectations. Northern Michigan has a good potiiito crop, as has also \rVisconsin, but as a whole the potato crop prospects have un- doubtedly declined during September as compared with the estimates made on the first of the month. Hence the commer- cial potato growers ”would expect a price for their crop which is above the average for the ten-year period, even allowing for the chance that at digging time the yield should prove to be better than is anticipated. This is true because of the fact that over a considerable portion of the country there will be a demand for potatoes for farmers’ use where there is a complete failure of the late crop and in sections where enough potatoes are ordi— narily grown for home consumption as well as a few for sale in the local com- munity. 0f intereSt in this direction is an an- nouncement recently made by the fed- eral horticultural board that the quaran- tine against the importation of potatoes from certain foreign countries, including THE MICHIGAN FARMER - the British Isles, Germany, Austria, Hun- gary, Newfoundland, and the ISlands of St. Pierre and Mlquelon in the St. Law- rence river, belonging to France. This quarantine was imposed last year as a means of preventing the introduction into the United States of that dangerous potato disease known as the potato Wart, the potato chaker or black scab, which is now unknown in this country but pre- valent in the countries against which the quarantine has been imposed. The an- nouncement has juSt been made by the Federal Horticultural Board that this quarantine will be contin'ued indefinitely in order that the danger of the introduc- tion of this destructive disease may be reduced to a minimum. Incidentally this quarantine will also shut off the possibility of a commercial supply from the countries usually con- tributing to. our markets in times of scarcity, Canada being about the only remaining source of importation. With these conditions obtaining it would be the part of wisdom for commercial grow- ers to be in no hurry to sell their crop until their markets open at a satisfac- tory figure. The same policy would seem advisable with regard to other cash crops grown upon Michigan farms, since there would seem to be no over production along any line, and under these conditions conser- vative marketing will insure better prices for the products grown upon the farm and a larger share of the consumer's dol- lar to the grower than would be the case if the crops are marketed freely, permit— ting speculative buying and the holding of the products for an advance by deal- ers and middlemen. The sucoess of Pure Shoe Legislation. the pure food leg— islation in ad- vising the public as to just what they are buying in the way of food products has been such as to inspire manufacturers along other lines with the wholesome idea. of promoting similar legislation with re- gard to the products in Which they are interested. This sort of agitation has niturally emanated from the manufactur- er's who make a good product and. while welcoming fair competition, find it a ser- ious handicap to sell goods in competition with similar lines in which cheaper ma- terials are used as a substitute for ma- terial which the purchaser naturally ex- pects to be used in the manufacture of such articles. , The latest agitation for legislation of this kind is in favor of a pure shoe 'law which would require that when subSti- tutes for leather are used in the manu- facture of shoes this fact should be plain- ly stamped on the outside of the outer sole, or shank of the boot or shoe. It would seek to compel both manufacturers and merchants to sell the substitute for what it really is. This, of course, would apply to shoes or boots the outside of which is made of leather and the appear- ance is such as to lead the purchaser to believe that they are made throughout of genuine leather. This propored law would require that .if leather substitutes were used in the soles. insoles, counters or other parts of the shoes or boots the fact should be clearly designated by stamping same on the outside of the goods as above indicated. Such legislation has been introduced in sevcral states and has become a law in a few of them and a bill with these pro- visions as relating to interstate com- merce in shoes has been introduced in Congre‘s by Representative Oldfield, of Kansas. Any proposition which will aid the ulti- mate consumer in determining the gen- uineness and relative value of the goods which ht might purchase is commendable and should receive the support of the public generally. The pure food law has unquestionably been of benefit to the whole people in this way and there cer- tainly can be no objection to pure shoe bills and pure clothing or cloth bills, or in fact any legislation which will make it more difficult or impossible for dishon- e-st manufacturers or dealers to ‘sell adul- terated products of any kind as pure and genuine. The administration Progress of the Cur- currency and bank- rency Bill. ing reform bill which has been made the subject of frequent comment in these columns. was passed by the lower House of Congress last week. The vote was OVerwhelmingly in favor of the bill, being 286 to ‘84. It was not strictly a. party vote. some 24 republicans and 14 progressives joining with the democrats in voting for the bill, while three demo- cratic members voted against it. Inci- dentally Tsix Michigan congressmen voted» for the‘bill on its final passage. The progress of this bill as comparedwvith that of the tariff bill illustrates the dif- ference between a measure which has been framed along lines of broad public policy and a strictly partisan measure- such as. the tariff bill is conceded to be. While it is a matter for regret that tar- iff legislation cannot apparently be sep- arated from partisan considerations no matter what party may be in power, it is a matter for congratulation that upon an equally important matter of general pub— lic good partisan factions may get to~ gether and party lines be' to a large de- gree obliterated. It would appear to be practically certain that this action on the part of the House will insure the passage of a currency reform law at the present session of Congress. In commenting. upon Rural Credit and the investigation of the Co-operation. American Commission on Agricultural Co-op- eration so far as it related to investiga- tions of co-operative organizations in European countries. Senator Fletcher, of Florida, president of the commission, in his discussion of this topic at a recent meeting of the House of Governors in Colorado, emphasized the fact that in practically every case these organizations are voluntary on the part of the farmers and have not been directly fostered by the government. He stated. however, that since it requires credit to finance such co-operative organizations, they have in the south of Europe followed quite close- ly along the line of co-operative credit organizations in order that the collective credit of farmer members might be util- ized in financing the co-operative work. In other sections of the territory inves- tigated the farmers had been able to finance theSe co-operative undertakings wthout resorting to their credit. Itwas, however, noticeable that where thorough business co-operation is established in a farming-community the co-operative prin- ciples ‘seem to be accepted along broad lines and the ‘citizens of that community fall into the habit of co-operating upon general social and civic lines. From the senator‘s statement it appears that it is the belief of the commission that the organization of tic-operative business associations among farmers will be much more easily accomplished after an ade- quate system of organized farm credits is introduced. Such organization is more dimcult of accomplishment in this coun- try than among the farmers of Europe owing to the greater development of in- dividualism among American farmers. It is reasonably certain that the work al- ready begun will develop some adequate form 'of rural credit in this country and it is reasonable 'to suppo’c that once the tendency toward co-opet‘ation has been developed that such organizations will become more c0mmon along all available lines. But it is not always advisable to await general movement before profiting from the opportunities which are open along any line. This is true of business co-opera- tion as of anything ese and wherever the farmers of a community are interested in any one line of production they can prof- itably organize for the marketing of that product at least in a co-cperative way. With small‘beginnings of this kind it will become easier to inaugurate a general campaign toward more complete co-op— eration. A GREAT DEPARTMENT STORE. In the large cities, one may find great department stores, where merchandise of athousand kinds is assembled for inSpec- lion and selection. ‘ Yet. such a store is not more conven- ient. as a shopping guide, than the ad- vertising columns of the Michigan Farm; er. Here you will find hundreds of man- ufacturers, in all parts of the country, de- 3cribing and picturing their wares for your convenience. You can sit down in your own home and buy direct from a factory a thousand miles away, or you con go to your near- est town and find the things advertised. Advertising simplifies the matter of buy- ing goods and at the same time indicates the reliable and enterprising firms. HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK. ’ National. The funeral of Mayor Gaynor. of New York city, who died while enroute to Eu— rope, was held in the metropolis Monday 'and was one of the most imposing in the history of the great city. From all Walks of life, men, women, and children came to pay their last respects to their de- parted friend and executive. For mile! 0 the streets along which the funeral train moved, were packed. ' By a vote of 51'to one the New" assembly disregarded the defense of Gov. Sulzer, and authorized that his trial be proceeded with. Objection had beenmade by the attorneys of the governor that the impeachment proceedings had been au- thorized at a special session which was called for other purposes. The trial be- gins this week. . Lak’e traffic was disturbed by heavy winds and snow storms early this week. Anxiety for the Huronic with a number of passengers aboard, was relieved when she arrived long over-due, at the Cana- dian 800. The Tionesta is sheltered be- hind Isle Royal. Many boats did not at- tempt to make their schedules. Captain 0. W. Holdridge, of Barge No. 137, was swept from the craft and drowued Sat— urday night. The steamer Haddington. laden with coal, is stranded on the rocks at Gruybill Point and her crew left her at a time when the sea was rolling heav- ily and the boat pounding badly. The latest word from the mine operat- ors of the copper district of Michigan is that they will consider no plan for set- tlement so long as the Western Federa- tion of Miners remains in the field. The contention of the operators is that the organization has none of the interests of the local miners at heart but merely oc-, cuples the district here to gather dues from the men for conducting operations throughout the west. At the same time the operators declare that a settlement would be simple if the federation with- drew entirely. The refusal of the mine operators to arbitrate their differences with the strik-. ers has induced General Abbey, who is in charge of the troops. to order that the number be out down to 200 men, and to arrange with the sheriff of the county to undertake the protection of lives and, property. An injunction prohibiting pa- rades and picketing has reduced the dis-' turbances in the strike district. The United States revenue cutter “Bear," which makes an annual cruise to the outlying ports on the northern shore of Alaska is reported to have been caught between large icebergs near Point Barrow and threatened with destructiou. However, the crew, after working the boat through many dangerous channels, finally extracted .it and anchored in clear water. In order to facilitate the handling of parcels plans are being considered by the local p05t office for the establishment of stations in different sections of the city of Detroit for receiving and distributing this class of mail. An epidemic of diphtheria at Dearborn, Mlch., is now believed to have been checked by the vigilance of the health officers. Schools and churches have been closed and all public meeting: prohibited. No new cases have been reported the past» week and it is expected that the schools will open again next Monday. .The fruit growers of that part of west- ern Michigan touched by the lake tran- sits to Milwaukee are enjoying the re- duced rates caused by a freight war be— tween competing companies across the lake to the Wisconsin city. In spite of the fact that one of the companies against which the growers held grievances, im- aginary or otherwise. is now carrying fruit from some points across the lake free, the growers remaining loyal to a. competitor whose presence they believe will help them in the distribution of fruit in the future. The eighteenth annual session of the Michigan Methodist Conference closed‘in Battle Creek Monday. when the an- nouncements of appointments for the en- suing year were published. The canal which was constructed to remove the stagnant waters of Black riv- er at Port Huron, is reported to be fill- ing with sand and unless it is cleaned out the water will be unable to flow through by spring. In the death of George W. Bennett, vice—president and manager of the Wil- lys—Overland Company of Toledo, the au- tomobile industry loses one of its great men. He was a man of remarkable gen- ins and of rare organizing and executive ability. and largely through his instru- mentality was built up the great indus— trial institution which he served to the last. So well did he do his work that others can take up the tasks and carry them on without interruption. The thou- sands of friends and associates of Mr. Bennett th:oughout the country are in- cxpressably shocked. at his untimely death. Every man with whom he came in touch during his long and honorable busmess career will feel that he has lost a personal friend. Forelgn. It would appear that the reports of looting and uncivilized practices by the rebels of Mexico have not been over— drawn. The first report coming direct from the community of Durango which was sacked this summer, indicates that foreigners and those sympathizing with the federalists were subjected to untold outrageS, and that the town experienced a real reign of terror at the hands of the rebels. The situation in the Balkan district is by no means settled. The conditions re- sulting from the treaty forced by the powers just now appear to be quite as aggravating as those growing out of the differences between the several countries involved in the recent wars. At present there is trouble between Turkish leaders over, the rulership of Albina; Servia is greatly «disappointed that she did, ,not get a. port on the Adriatic, and now threat- ens to break the agreement to which she pledged herself, by starting aprogresslve military campaign along her borders: Greece is jealous, wants some of Albina. annexed to her territory, and has men in Ehe field to force this change if. pos- sibl , while Bulgaria has so far failed to sign peace with Turkey. All of which makes pence seem a great way off. garnet; on. _ orkf “ The): ‘ . _ __... ‘_,———————_’ l LITERATURE POETRY HISTORY (ma INFORMATION pUBLISH 5 j -:_ 15,, .‘lii' (Ag—2A\LAA\V\¥14Q “t ‘I7Ie FARM BOY «me GIRL SCIENTIFIC an? MECHANICAL This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper every week. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere. Johnny Appleseed, Apostle of Apple Growing. ORE than one hundred years have M now been thrown off the reel of time since Johnny Appleseed, the apostle of apple growing, scattered apple seeds throughout a wide range of terri- tory from Pennsylvania to the Mississip- pi. Johnny Appleseed lived in a. wild country, and in humility, yet his name has been immortalized, and we and fu- ture generations will be a long time for- getting the name of this great forerun- ner of the apple industry. Most every important person has the name of being eccentric, and we are told that Johnny Appleseed was also eccentric. I some- times think that each individual’s pecu- liar traits, which distinguish him' from every other person in the world, is the one thing, and only one thing, that causes him to be called eccentric. Of all the millions of people in the world, no two are alike. This little different trait, when observed by the observing, draws to one the descriptive adjective, “eccentric” So we will say that Johnny Appleseed was eccentric, but he was also benevolent. Johnny Appleseed, whose real name was John Chapman, was born in Spring- field, Mass., in the year 1775. About the- year 1801 he left MaSsachusetts, going to Ohio and Indiana. At this time immi- gration to those states was just begin— ning. In the territory between Massachusetts and Ohio, Johnny Appleseed was a fa- miliar figure. He saw the tides of immi- gration going to the west, and foresaw the need of fruit, and to this cause he (le- voted' his life. So, after gathering up all the apple seeds he could find in his native state, he would visit the intervening ter- ritory and scatter the seed, not permit— ting any family to lack enough to plant to provide them with a good orchard. As a result, thousands of apple orchards grew up in the intervening territory, and thousands of people were soon provided with ripe fruit, owing to the timely be- nevolence of this apostle of apple grow- ing. But, Johnny Appleseed made it a point to go in advance of civilization, and plant out acres of apple seed, that the little trees might be ready for planting by the time settlers came into the new territory. This he practiced extenSively in the states of Ohio and Indiana. When he had cleared up a small plot of ground, and planted his apple seeds, he would cut down timber around the plot as a protection, leave the spot and move on and on, planting little patches of apple seeds about in the forests. But you may wonder where this man obtained so many apple seeds. After he had reached the Ohio territory he would go back into Pennsylvania and get seeds from the manufacturers of cider; these were carried in saddle-bags, sometimes on his own back but more often on a poor looking pony. On one occasion he, was met on the Ohio River, below Pitts- burg, Pa., with two canoes lashed togeth- er, loaded to the limit with apple seeds. In the year 1808 his plantings amounted to over fifteen bushels of seeds. Throughmit the Ohio and Indiana ter- ritory he traveled on foot, and barefoot- ed at that. During the growing season his itinerary included the territory in which he had planted his seeds, and these he visited to ascertain if the growing trees really needed any attention. When the trees were large enough to transplant to the o'rchards, settlers had come into this new country, and they visited his nurSeries. Here he would let every vis- itor have all the trees wanted, accepting money, notes, old clothes or most any— thing in payment. The poorest caller who wanted trees was never turned away: he always saw to it that all received what they desired, whether they had money or not. As the new settlers came in, they found plenty of maples from which to draw the juice to make delicious maple sugar, and By ROBERT with the fruit from Johnny Appleseed's trees they were enabled to have apple sauce and other delicacies made from up- ples. No doubt many of our popular ap- ples today were originated by him. Various stozies have been told about the peculiar habits and dress of this pioneer of the apple industry. One per- son, who is not now living, declared that him .on many occasions he had seen wearing a tin pan for a hat. Ile was a. friend to everyone, and he ‘made it a steadfa-‘t rule to never pass anyone by who needed wearing apparel without di- viding his own scanty clothing with him. No one feared Johnny Appleseed. for ev- en the Indians had early learned to love him. Ile had a free pass to any home and to any section. Living entirely in S. WALKER. of water on his fire. Although he lived and traveled in the woods, he never car- iied a gun, and never attempted to kill birds or beaSts. One gentleman states that he never knew John Chapman to give way to revenge, and that he saw him at one time outrageously abused by a man much smaller than himself, but Chapman bore it all with meekness. He considered himself living as the primitive Christians had lived. ln his much valued works on the "Historical Collections of Ohio,” Dr. Henry Howe relates that one of the early itinerant ministers, preaching in Mans- field, 0., on the, public square, passed on to a passage not in the original plan of the sermon. At a certain point in the sermon he raised his voice to a high pitch and asked: "\Vhere is the Christian trav- J A Huge Apple Made of Apples—One of the Unique and Interesting Exhibits Seen at a Recent Apple Show. the wilderness, walking barefooted most of the time, Johnny Appleseed was swift on foot, and he is credited with saving the lives of many people, on one occasion, by running ahead and warning the set- tlers of an advance attack which was being made by the Indians. John Chapman was one of those good fellows who believed in keeping on good terms with both man and beast—in fact. all living creatures. His mercy for ani- mals was unmatched. It is well illus- trated in a story told of him when he was sleeping in the woods one summer night. It seems that Chapman had built a fire and as he was lying down resting, he noticed many mosquitoes falling into the fire, so he arose and dashed a hatful eling barefooted to heaven now?” Most certainly the minister expected no an- swer, but John Chapman happened to be in the audience and. raising his bare feet from a pile of lumber on which he was sitting, exclaimed, “Here he is!" It seems that Chapman had other du- ties, in addition to scattering apple seeds. In addition to growing apple trees, and scattering apple seeds, he made it a part of his business to distribute religious lit- erature free, which he carried with his New Testament in the bosom of his shirt. If Chapman had a good supply of books he gavethem out intact, but when his supply ran short he separated the leaves and chapters so that all received a D0?- tion. Johnny Appleseed, no doubt, outdoor life of primitive man, had ac- quired a fine constitution, and it is said that; he could chop more wood and girdle more trees ‘in a day than two ordinary men could do. Like many other great men, Chapman came to the end of life still in the bar- ness of his vocation, to which he had dc- voted his entire life. News reached him that cattle had broken into some of his nurseries in Northern Indiana, whereupon he made. a hurried {light to that territory to repair his tree—fences. On the way he encountered foul weather, but this did not stop him, and the prolonged exposure. brought on the sickness whicn resulted in his death. He died in St. .Ios‘ep'n town— ship, Allen county, Ind., March 31, 1845, and is buried about two and a half miles north of Ft. “'ayne, Ind. living the But that isn’t all. A monument has been erected to the memory of Johnny Appleseed in one of the bet utiful parks in Mansfield, Ohio, and his name has been engraved on the monument in .\sliland county, ()hio, erected in the. year 15382 to connnemorate the (‘opus massacre. a bor- rible and sad tragedy committed by the Indians just seventy years previous. finishes person. This humble. for our brief history of an but great. But let us, a moment, take a view of the indus- try which Chapman So nobly and honor- ably championed. The apple industry in the I’nited States is one in which every perSOn is interested. It has grown to be a great business, requiring men of more training to carry it to than law or medicine. It had grown to 6.0 million barrels in 18.00: it dropped to 28 millions in lflll and went up again to ~10 millions in the year 11"l2. SIH‘CPSH \‘i'ithout going deeply into the statistics 0f Hill'lc this country it may be said that the recent census showed up— wards of 130,000.000 trees in bearing and growing in more than 65,000,000 trees not of bearing age. In this connection it is of interest to learn that the geographic division of the country designated as the East North Central (comprising the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and \Visconsin) leads all other divisions in this respect, the number of trees in bearing in these states being reported as follows: Ohio, 8.504.886; Indiana, 5,764,821: Illinois, 9,- 000,627: l\lichigan, 7,534,343: “'isconsin, 2.430.222. The figures for trees not in bearing are as follows: Ohio. 2,438,246: Indiana, l.061,974; Illinois, 2,548,301; Mich— igan, 253.072: “'isconsin, 1,108,726. In production and value of crop. however, this division is second to the Middle At— lantic division \\hich includes the great apple states of New York with neirly 14. — 000, 000 trees, and Pennsylvanii with more than 10 000,000. In 1900 (the latest fig- ures given by the federal census) the combined yield of the East North Central states enumerated above exceeded 25,000.— 000 bushels, valued at more than $15,- 000.000. \\’hile the figures show that the apple industry suffered a decline near the close if the last century, there is abundant ev- idence that it is now strongly on the up grade and seems destined to assume a prominent place among the country's profit-yielding crops. In 1909 the esti- mated value of the entire I'nited States crop was $83. 231, 000, or only 11/, per cent of the total value of all crops. Today it is probably the most popular of American fruits, both at home and abroad. Indeed. during the. past decade, the exports of American apples have averaged nearly 1.500.000 barrels per year, the total value of last year’s exports exceeding $10.— 000.000. Thus we see that the apple industry in the United States is on a scientific basis and American apples are known the World over. Many of the foreign countries are eating American-grown apples, and many 270—110 localities hold apple shows each year, some costing as high-as $50,000 to provide for the exhibits. So in studying the lives of great men, let us remember Johnny Appleseed or John Chapman, and the great good he did in promt‘ting good for his fellow man. THE REVENUER. BY FRANK H. SWEET. When the defeated V’Villett strode down the mountain he did not go on to the town, as a chance obServer might sup- pose, but slipped quietly into the bushes as soon as he got beyond view of the cabin. Through them he wormed his way back again, upon his hands and knees, without the breaking of a twig or the stirring of a branch. When it grew dark he was lying at a point exactly Opposite the door. Soon after. he heard whiSpered voices about the cabin, and a flare of light shot through a suddenly opened door. \Villett crowded a little closer to the ground, breathing softly. A little while of waiting, and there came a dull. jarring sound that caused the watcher's 'hands to pat each other softly. This was his fourth visit up here in seven days. and the first that had brought him even a clue. It was well worth the risks and discomforts of night work to hear that sound. Almost continuously it came to him now. from the direction of the cabin. and yet not so clearly and unmiI-'takably as the short distance would imply. I‘robably that was owing to the thickness of the walls. But anyway, it didn’t matter. He knew the sound. There was no mistaklng that. Several times during the night he start— ed from his cramped position to go for- ward and investigate more closely; but in each case. before he reached the cabin. he heard low voices and footsteps, and once a hand fell upon the door latch. and he slipped back. Rut he had found What he wanted to know. and it might not be well to take unnecessary risks. Just as it began to grow light the 3:1"- ring sound ceased. and soon after there came a burst of clear. joyous singing from the cabin. Then the door opened and a young girl stepped out with a pail. The keen eyes of the watcher grew tender. “Lelia's going to get breakfast now,” he thought. "and is starting to the spring after woter.” He waited another half hour, until he saw the girl’s father come out and wash his hands in the basin on the bench. and wipe them on the towel that hung invit- ingly from a nail in the wall: then he slipped backwards into the patch beyond the screen of bushes and rose noiselessly to his feet. “They‘re going to sit down to breakfast now.” he thought, “and if I can walk up quietly while they‘re eating. maybe I can get a peep into the cabin. Odd I’ve never seen within since I was a kid, more than ten years ago. “'hen I’ve been around they always stay outside. with the door shut. It's a good night’s work I've been getting in all right." He could hear dishes begin to rattle, and started toward the open doorway quickly and noiselessly. But juSt before he reached there the girl appeared and looked at him smilingly. “My! Sam. but you're early.” she ex- claimed “You must have started 'bout midnight. An' look at the leaves stickin’ to your clothes! I reckon you come straight through the woods, an’ in a hur- ry. But never mind." a dancing light in her eyes: “you‘re just in time for break- faSt. Come right in." In a daze, with his mouth half open, Sum \‘Villctt followed her into the cabin. The girl's father was already at the tri— ble, shoveling large knifefuls into his mouth. .\t that moment came heavy foot- Steps outside. and the girl's two uncles, Lem and Mose, strode in. Both flashed surprised, balcful glances toward \Villett. but said nothing. Throwing their hats upon the floor they went out to the bench and washed noisily. then came in and pulled stools to the table and at once fell to eating. “Some time since you was in our house, Sam,” said the girl affably: “but we all ain’t made much Change, I guess—’cept the water cooler over there. Come an' look at it." She led the way to the water cooler on the opposite side of the room, evidently a discarded one from some railroad station. for it was of the regulation size and much battered and bent. At the bottom was the'faucet, which seemed the only part of the cooler not damaged. “Dad picked it up somewhere," she ex- THE 'MI'CHII'GAN .FAT'R»MER“ plained, “an' for a time ’twas right handy. Then it started in to leakin’." She turn~ ed the faucet idly, and motioned him' to‘ look in. . “’l‘op's off." she smiled. "Look over 'an see what we use it for now.”'. Willett looked over the top. The cooler was half full of old shoes and other odds and ends. "Handy for a catch-all.” the girl ob- served. “Now look around the room care- fully an' see if there’s a single thing dif- ferent from what 'twas when you was a boy an’ used to come here. An' look into t’other room, too. The door's open." Willett’s keen eyes swept over every detail of the room, and over the other one, where the door was open. Whatever else he might be. the man was no coward. But when he slid down upon the stool left for him at the table the man's face looked dazed. There wasn‘t concealment in the house for so much as a demijohn of corn juice. Moreover, the cabin was built upon posts, and was all open under- neath. And there was no loft, the rooms extending up to the hewed shingles. Ev— erything was perfectly bare and plain to the view. And yet—— The men took no notice whatever of him, and ate f0r the most part in silence. \Vhen Lem and Mose arose, Lelia’s fath- er looked up for the first time. “All done?" he asked. “Yes," Lem answered bluntly: “run the last lot off ’bout daylight. Be twenty barrels or more of prime on hand, I reckon. " ' “Prime ’taters ought to sell well a scurse year like this.” spoke up the girl quickly. “Hear what they're sellin’ for, Sam?" “No.” said “'illett. “I ain’t been in- quiring much about potatoes." “Nose p‘intin’ too much other ways, I s‘pose.” grunted Lem sourly, as he arose and left the room, followed by his two lu'othcrs._ Sam's gaze darkened a little, but he smiled as he looked at the girl. “Don’t waste much liking on me.” he said. "though my father was their best friend. and lived neighbor to them all his life. I suppose," after a few moments' silence. as she did not speak, “it's on ac— count of the business I’m In. But you and they don’t understand I'm doing it for your good, Lelia—yes, and for theirs, too." ' The girl threw out her hands sharply. with a sudden glint in her eyes, but did not speak. "I was ambitious,” Willett went on; “and after you and I promised to wait for each other, ten years ago, when you were only eight, I started off to get into something bigger than the mountains of— fered. I went to school. and in time rose from one job to another till I got into the revenue. Since then I've been making a hundred dollars a month, and often more. and now I've got enough saved up to buy us a nice home." “Made by sending your old friends to jail," commented the girl. “That's why Dad an' my uncles don’t notice you much. Your father was their best friend. like you say. an' they owed things to him. So they've kept their guns p’inted other ways so far. If you’d been anybody else you’d been dead long ago. I've been wantin’ to tell you this some time, Sam, but didn't seem to get a good chance. You're my own fourth causin. an’ we were boy an' girl playmates. an’ I'd hate to see you picked off for a meanness. If I were you I wouldn't come up here any more." "And you up here, waiting!" protested “’illett. with a laugh. "You're joking, Lelia. Besides, you don’t understand. I haven't Sent any of my old friends to jail, for I've been working off in other mountains till now. But it's notorious down in the office that a Whisky still is looated right here near your place. for \xe’ve got proof that liquor's been bought at this cabin time and timeagaln. and often fresh—not two hours made. We've had spotters up here. fixed as mountain men or negroes. and they’ve stood at the door and bought by the glass and quart and gallon, and one man got a ten-gallon keg filled and carried it away on his shoulders. And it‘ was newly-made, too. They all said they had to stay outSide, and the liquor was brought to them.” The girl was regarding him smilingly now; "Go on,” she said. "Well, it all accounts for my being here. ..Three or four men tried to locate the still, and failed. then I asked to be put onjthe job. as' I knew something about the place. You see. it would be only half—way Work to arrest yOur father and uncles and not find the still. Besides. there was another thing. The end was sure to come in a very short time. and the sentence would be an extra-hard one on account of your father and uncles being such old offend- erS. I have a little influence down there. too, and by taking them in myself, with evidence of.the still destrOyed, I could urge the sentence to be a good deal light- er. Maybe I could get them of! altogether by their paying heavy fines and promis- ing to behave themselves in future. So you see the very best luck they could have would be my handling the job. Also, there ‘isa thouSand "or so dollars in it, which would better come to us than go to others." ”You heard something last night," the girl said quietly. ""The leaves on your clothes showed you'd been watching." “Yes, I was right opposite the door,” candidly. “And I heard enough to go right on with the ca"e. The end’s come. Lelia, and it's best to face it just as ’tis. Of course you couldn't stay here with your father and uncles gone, and of course you wouldn't ‘Want to. \‘Ve’ll go down to the city and be married, and the thousand, with what I’ve got, will fit us out nicely. I’ll work the sentence down the best I can. and when it’s out maybe they can get into some business near us. or come back here—or perhaps they would rather go out west. I’ve heard that your father and uncles have bought'land out there. near where old Lige Peter’s son is located. We'll let them do whatever they like best, and I wouldn't wonder if the west would offer more chances. What do you say. dear. to being married now in— stead of waiting any longer. He rose from the table, but she stepped back a little. “Let’s look around first,” she said. “You’ve been tellin’ your side but didn’t say just what ’twas you heard last night. “'e’ll look round an’ try to find out what an' where that noise was. As to goin’ west. we have bought land out there on Jack Pelter’s recommend. He writes it’s a splendid section. an' wants us all to come. An’ now." briskly. “you search through the two rooms first, to see. if you can find so much as a spoonful of whis- ky, or any hidin' place. Oh. go ahead,” as he showed some signs of hesitation: “look just as dose as you can. I’d rath- er you would. Either we've got the stuff or we ain’t, an' it’s up to you now to prove it." VVillett nodded and went from one room to the other, searching every corner and crevice. pounding on the logs and even pushing his toes into the crevices and climbing up until'he could run his fingers along every projecting beam and stay above. In the main room he run his hand among the old shoes and other things in the water cooler, turned the faucet. and peered under the table and bunks, “Not a spoonful inside." he at last an- nounced, disappointedly: “but—" “No place under the house to hide any- thins—" "Oh. I know that.” Willett interrupted, with a sickly grin. “I‘ve searched dyer every square inch, and couldn't find a spoonful there. either. But—" "Never mind speakin' ‘buts’.” impa- tiently. “I'm givin’ you leave to look round an' find out everything for yourself now. Come." Outside. there was just hard, undis- turbed dirt for several rods around the cabin. From the back wall. considerably above one's head. ran a straight. heavy clothesline to a small shelf of broken ledge some five or six rods away. The line was covered its whole length with drying clothes, and Willett remembered that clothes had been drying there at all of his former visits. But then Lelia had a mountain reputation for her energy in washing clothes and keeping the cabin clean. After a thorough and unsuccessful Search of the ground around the cabin they went to the ledge. Beyond this was hard.’ level, unbroken ground again, The rocks offered the last possible hiding place for a still. and Willett climbed over and examined them carefully. a puzzled, dog- ged look coming into his eyes as the search went-on. But the rocks were just the same as he remembered them in his boyhood. with the same patches of moss and lichens clinging to them, and with damp mold and decaying leaves down in the lower crevices, as then. He thrust the end of a long pole into every crevice and hole large enough to receive it. and it was the same. Only one tree grew from the ledge, a knotty, gnarled hickory, to the top of which was fastened the clothes- line. The surplus length of the line was twisted around the tree, the end dr0pplng‘ down amOng the rocks. Willett searched and prodded about for a full half hour, then returned to the girl with lowering face. f' 8am. . .. ‘37.: 1913.. "So we all ain’t got any sun has; hid -- whisky nor anything you've been tryin to put on us' the girl said sarcasticaly “Of course, you’ll go back an’ tell eve: y- body so. “Not yet, ” shortly. “I’m going to have another search, and I’ll dig around for. a whole week next time if need be. If I didn‘t know there was a still here I'd swear there Wash t. But I do know, for I heard it.. Nexttime I’ll bring up some dynamite, and drop a few sticks among the rocks, and maybe dig some holes in the hard dirt round the cabin and drop in a few more’ ”How ’bout Dad an’ Uncle Lem an’ Uncle Mose?" queried the girl. “I shall bring up a dozen or-so men," doggedly; “enough to carry the thing through in spite of opposition. _I know what I want is here. and the only link left is to find it. But look here, Lelia,” his-voice softening, “you can see this won’t be a place for you any more. Why can't we be married at once? I’m in a position to help your folks a lot, and I can give you a mighty nice home, and— “V‘Vait till you come up next time," the girl interrupted. ”You' shall have my answer then. Looks like it might need a. heap of study.” It was a day's Journey from the cabin to the city where Willett must go for further instructions and reinforcement, .and there were men to gather and a cer- tain amount of red tape to go through with before he could start back. But it was not quite the end of the third day when he and a ddzen or more men moved quietly from behind the bushes and ap- proached the cabin. More evidences‘of sales had come to light, making it plain that this was an important center for. the distribution of illicit whisky-s0 much so that an adequate force was deemed nec- essary to break it up. There was no knowing how many friends of the moun- taineers might come to their rescue. “'illett led the way straight to the cabin, the door of which was open. But no girl was waiting to receive him now. As he went in, the first object to attract VVillett’s gaze was a large piece of brown wrapping paper stuck on the faucet of the water cooler. He snatched it off, and read: “Push the little-catch under the faucet so the water'll run. \Ve all left some to refresh you an’ your men, for you’re bound to be tired arter so long a tramp. Also it's too bad to blow up the ledge, which ain't to blame any. so go back be- yond the path an' down the hill twenty- five or thirty feet. an' you’ll find tw0 big rocks with a little openin' between them. Kick the leaves an’ rubbish away, an’ craw1 in. A few feet, an' the passage will be large ’nough for you to stand up an' walk in an’ it ll lead right straight back under the ledge. where you'll find what you're looking for. P. S.~—Dad an’ me'll start for the west soon's y0u get out of sight down the mOuntain. Dad’s loadin' his gun while I write this. Uncle Lem an' Uncle Mose will stay a few hours longer to deliver the twenty barrels or so of—taters. Some custome rs was out in the bushes waitin’ for them while you was here. No need for you to foller. We've got too much start. Jack Pelter ast me to marry him 'fore he started west. an' I said yes. Well go straight to his place, where he’ ll have a preacher waitin'. An’. anyway I never could marry any rev- enuer’ LELIA." With an exclamation that didn’t sound nice, VVillett slipped a hand' under the faucet and found a small projection, which he pushed until it moved. Instantly a stream of liquid ran out upon the floor, and the odor of_ it filled the room. Sev- eral of the men snatched up cups and sprang forward. “Don’t waste good whisky that way," one of them protested. “Let me get my cup under there, quick!” I’Villett dropped upon his knees and ex- amined the bottom of the cooler. The Tlucet did not connect with it at all, but with a small pipe that went under the cooler and ran up behind it and into the wall of the cabin. Willett did not need to go outside, for he realized suddenly that the pipe continued there as the clothesline. “Numbskulll” he exploded wrathfully. Why didn't I examine that clothesline when I noticed how straight it was! I might have known so many clothes would sag an ordinary line of that length. Bah!” Then, "Come. men, soon's you get your fill we’ll go back and find the hole. We can destroy the still under the ledge at any rate th0ugh it ll be only half a job with the birds flown. " BOOK NOTICE. The Barnard Language Reader. Marion D. Payne. Instructor in the Bar- nard Schools, New York City. This book for the first school year offers an inter- esting variety of material for dramatiza- tion. reproduction. and memory work. Cloth.12mo.142 pages illustrated. Price, 30 centS. American Book 00., Chicago. By, . was. He is only two years SEPT. 27, 1913. THE WORKER. BY CHAS. E. JENNEY. He has sweat for the serfs who have sulked or shirked; He has wrought for the rich who haVe never worked; He has plodded along when his health as 001'. , And librneptheir burdens who called him boor. _ He has sternly kept to his steady way When he wanted to stop and rest or play. You may call him a scab, or whatever you like: _ To the man who never went on a strike! He has done the things that had to be done—- As well as he could and as sure as the sun— Wasting no time, nor talk, nor powers For a raise in wages or shorter hours. Closed shop and the walking delegate Mean less to him than his dinner~p1ate. His faith he has kept; to his job he has stuck: Then here’s to the man who has never struck! Aye, thrice I would ask you to drink his health, And you can’t refuse, for you’ve shared his wealth; You have drunken his wine and eaten his bread, And he's offered you roof and warmth and bed. He has borne the whole earth, Atlas- like— This man who never went out on a strike—— Our country’s sword, and shield, and armor— Drink, standing all. to our sturdy farmer! THE LITTLE BROWN BIRD. BY LOU D. STEARNS. “Listen,” said Hazel. “To what?” asked Don. “Do you hear any birds singing?" re-V’ plies Hazel. Don listened. “No," he declared, “not a chirp. Why?” “ ’Cause,” said Hazel. “Mamma said if we did anything that wasn’t quite right while she was away a little bird would be sure to tell her.” Don put his head on one side and look. edup through the trees. “Not a bird,” he declared, “is in either of those trees. “’e can do 'just as we please. for a whole hour, Hazel." Taking hold of hands they raced to the far corner of the yard. In a small hollow in the road was a tiny mud puddle and Don eyed it with approval. “Let‘s wade,” he suggested. , “I'd rather make pies,” argued Hazel, pulling his sleeve, “and besides, Mamma said we were not to go outside the yard.” Don put his hands into his pockets and looked up and down the street. “She’ll never know,” he said; then, with a quick change, “I say, let’s try some of those apples under that big tree." ‘ Hazel drew back. Two red spots came into her cheeks, and she swallowed hard. She did hate to have Don think she was afraid. “But," she begged doubtfully, “you know, Don, Mamma was Very spec- ially careful to say we must not touch even one.” “Pooh!" he scoffed. “She won’t know, THE MICHIGAN FARMER and anyhow she only thought they'd make us sick. But they won’t, when a boy gets as big as I am,” and holding his head very high he sauntered across to the ap- ple tree. Picking up the hardest, green- est one he could find he bit into it, crunching it down as he had seen Ted Williams do yesterday. Then another. Chirp, chirp. With a thud. the third apple fell to the ground as a small brown bird spread its wings and soared up into the clouds, straight from the top of the very tree un— der which he stood. “Gee!” he cried. “Oh,” exclaimed Hazel, “do you really think a bird could tell?” “ ’Course not.” Don’s chest swelled with importance. “That’s just talk. Come on, let’s play croquet.” But soon Don’s cheeks began to burn and his head to ache. and he was glad to stretch out on the piazza in the shade; then, after a bit, he got up and, going into the house, laid down on the couch, while Hazel sat soberly beside, him. How thankful she was that she had not touch- ed the apples. She did hope Don was not going to be sick, and she was Very, very glad when the door opened and her mother came in. “‘Oh, Mamma." she exclaimed excitedly, 11—271 "Don’s sick!” Mrs. Gray crossed to the couch. She felt his hot head and brushed back his hair. Then she sat down beside him. “Son,” she said, “I’m sorry you forgot: what mother said about the apple-'.” 3 Don was too sick to reply, but llazel’s eyes opened Wide. “\Vhy, mamma.” she cried, “How did you know? You'haven't even asked!" Chirp, chirp. Outside the window a little bird flut— tered, its small brown body pressed hard ‘ against the screen. and Hazel’s eyes op-‘, ened still wider. “Donald Gray,” she ex- claimed, "whatever do you think? It’s the very same bird that flew out of that: tree!” I Mrs. Gray smiled. “I told you," she: remarked quietly, a little bird would tell.” THE SPEED OF BIRD MIGRATION. nY ORIN r: cnoon'E-n. l The distances which birds cover in. their migration flights have been made the object of interesting study by many experienced observers. It has been long known that some species of birds winter, in South America and breed near the Arctic Circle—necessitating a trip of sev- eral thousand miles twice each year. Quite-as interesting, however, are the results of observations which show the: number of miles that a bird travels in a? single night’s flight. It is evident that" to most of the birds this proceeding par—i takes of the nature of a leisurely pleasure I excursion rather than a break-neck racci against time. l The average daily advance of migra- tion northward in spring has been deter- mined by experienced ornithologists to be} I||III!IIliIIIIIIII||IIIIIll!|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIlllllllilI|IIIllIII!|IlliIlIlIIIIIHIIIIIIIllIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIHIHIIlIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIlIi|IIIIIllIIHllIIIIIIIIII||IIIIIIII|IIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIlllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIII . Marie and Dad-By RUTH RAYMOND. . THIS is Marie on her Shetland pony. Dan. Her big brother had the first ride, for he was up firSt, and now Marie will have a canter before break— fast. Dan is a very gentle and lovable pet. Grandpa bought him for the children and they do think he is the nic- est and best pony that ever old and has learned many tricks. Over in the Shetland Is- lands, where Dan’s anceS- tors came from, ponies are treated as members of the family and no doubt this is one reason that Dan is so gentle. Dan gets his living in the Summer on the lawn and in the lane that runs back to the brook where he has nice fresh water to drink. In winter Dan has a nice sta- ble. where he spends his nights ' and very stormy days, but he is a hardy lit- tle horse and is not very sensitive to cold. He has nice clean hay for his winter food, with a bran mash once a week. Of course, Dan likes sugar and apples when he can get them right out of the children’s hands. A Woman A Who Has Brought Up. Over 17,000 Babies And does it by mail and with such astounding success that doc- tors not only marvel how she does it, but concede that she has saved the Very lives of hundreds of babies. ‘ She hasamarvelously complete service that keeps her - in personal touch with the mother- of the baby, from month to month, for 24 months, and tells, every 30 days, exactly how to feed,drcss, wash and take care of the baby. She is Doctor Emelyn Lincoln Coolidge, the Baby Editor of Tne Lac/inf Home Journal, and it is through the personal service back of the magazine that this marvelous work is done with the mother readers Of Tue Journal. Of all the 21 departments of Tue Luo’z'oy’ Home Journal’: personal service this Baby work is unques— tionably the greatest and the most important, hundreds of mothers frankly crediting to Doctor Cool- idge the very lives of their babies. Just now Doctor Coolidge has over four thousand Luo’z'ey’ Home Journal babies under her charge; her total in four years has been over 17,000 babies. Each month Doctor Coo‘lidge has a reg- ular department in lee Luo’z'es’ Home Journal that tells about this marvelous work. And it is free to every reader: the most expert baby—health advice With- out a pcnny’s cost. ’ A booklet, entitled “The Story of 600,000 'Invisiblc Hands,” tells some- thing about this scrvicc. A postal-card request will bring a copy. A year’s subscription to The Ladies’Home Journal, by mail, costs $1.50, or it may be bought from any Newsdealer or Boy Agent at 15 cents a copy. THE CURTIS PUBLISHING COMPANY INDEPENDENCE SQUARE PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA Get I'll/'5 $2.512 Coat Without Cost To You .’ It’s lust the thing forfarm use; warm, weather-proof and just the right length for work. Will wear well. Has high storm collar which an be fastened snugly around the head,protecting ears, face and neck. It's double breasted and has large, roomy pockets. The regular price of this coat is #3. And the only reason we can sell anthat price is the fact that we make the cloth as well as the coat. Everything but the buttons is made in our own factory. Man- ufacturing costs are reduced to a minimum. But to introduce these coats we will sell them for $2.50 for a limited time. And we mean a limited time. Later the price must be $3.00. Get a Goal Without cost We have a very liberal plan where- by one individual in a community can get one of these coats withouta cent of cost. Write for details. Send today befo re somebody . else beats you to it. §_, We also make a full rigs- line ofhigherpriced coats. Mackinaw Coat Co., 3 921 Hearst Bldg., Chicago. Ill. Infants’ and Children’s SHOES That sell in stores for 81,00 to $1.50. we sell to you at half the price. mailed to your door. by Parcel Post. WE PAY THE CHARGES. u s . Wd‘rtl: sif’rio Our Price: Size‘2 to 5 a (no heel) 490 pair 3 Pairs for $1.40 Size 4 to 8 a (with heell61c pair 3 Pairs for $1.75 Button or Lace This shoe is of the highest grade leathers. finest work» manship and finish. Has patent leather vamp and fox- ing, with a fine plump leather top in ’I‘an. Black or Red. with or without hcel, and Button or Lace. In orderingr state size, color of quarter desired. Money must accompany Ol’rlt’l‘. Satisfaction guaranteed. or money refunded. HAROLD SHOE SUPPLY HOUSE READING, PA., U. s. A. Two Year course in Agriculture Offered at the Michigan Agricultural College Thirty Weeks of Special Training for the Practical Farmer. Work Begins November 3, Hill). No Entrance Examination. Candidates must be at least 17 years of ago. Total cost for 15 weeks noed not. ercood $100_ I‘lxcol- lent. equipment and laboratory facrlitios. Our in- struotors are specialists in their respective linen. 3000 young men have taken advantage of our Short lourfios in Agriculture. For Circular giving complete information Corning this work, and also Catalog of our Regular Courses, Beginning September 22. which include AGRICULTURE, ENGINEERING, HOME ECONOMICS, FORESTRY, and VETERINARY MEDICINE, address President J. L. Snyder, East Lansing, Mich. COB- ' hrd."<>‘,.' . LEIIIII 31‘2‘233’ ii‘friloinmge‘f“ ii‘éifdii‘fi‘fifiér t2.60 a week. Books rented. Opens Oct. 7. Come. HUMBOI.DT COLLEGE. Humboldt. Iowa. —P ‘t' LEARN TELEGRAPH °5§..'.fl’$2§3i§23.‘°6d North-Western Telegraph School. Eau Claire. Wis. WANTED FOR U. 8. ARMY—Able-bodied. un- married men between ages l8 and 35: citizens 0' U. S. or have first papers; of good character and min erste habits. who can speak. read and write the E ish language: good my. food. lodging. clothing on medical attendance free. For informationflply at Recruiting Station, 2.12 Griswold 81'... Detroit, ich Hoavenrioh Block. Saginaw. Mich. 144 W. Main St . Jack-on. Mich. lst. Saginaw Ste. Flint. Mich. Huron & Quay Sta, Port Huron. Mich. 2814. Bimini“! St.. Pontiac. Michisnn. ABEI‘I‘: W‘u [En—900d propooision. iExpei-iience not the Advertising & MunDopolByBakeilgtan bgiigii'ffilifi? T’HE‘MICHIG only about 23 miles. Considering that the average rate of "speed with which the smaller birds travel' is about 30 to 40 miles an hour it will .be seen that the average daily advance of these tiny mi- grants is not much more than half an hour’s flight. They do not, however. mi- grate every night. For several days, per— haps, they will linger in a given locality, resting and feeding—then in a. Single night they will cover many times the daily average mentioned. The purple martin which winters in Louisiana re- quires some 70 days to reach southern Manitoba but his actual migration flights are probably Only about 12 in number. averaging some 120 miles a night. It is undoubtedly true that flights of 200 miles and more in a night are extremely com- mon among certain species. while some of the stronger flying birds. such as ducks and geese. must cover more than this. Various conditions determine the time it takes a bird to make the journey from haunts. Geese move northward as fast winter quarters to summer breeding as they can find open water. Land birds are governed largely by the question of food supply. Thus the fly catchers, swal- lows and so on, never advance faster than the appearance if a generous supply of flying insects which permits an abundance of food. The. wood warblers do not ap- pear in numbers until our fruit and other trees are well in leaf and productive of a host of insect life upon which they may feed. And as the appearance of insect life is dependent upon weather conditions to a large extent. it necessarily follows that the wave of northward moving bird migrants followx a certain well defined lilne of average 1emperaturo~differont, of lcout'se. for different species but of such a degree as to warrant the existence of certain insect life upon which the bird depends Thus if birds did not loiter along the way they would outstrip the ad- Vunce cf Spring and get ahead of their food supply. THE SILVER VOICE. BY EARLE W. GAGE. Mary was not aware of the pretty pic- ture she made, standing in the door of her father's flower shop, with the blos- soms bunkerl bcliind her. and the feathery palms framing her fresh young girlhood. Her face was bright with joyous hope, for her father hall just consented to let her go on with hcr lessons in vocal music. They Were very expensive lessons, and .it required a great (19:11 of self-denial to Ransom had realized that meet thc demand; but olrl man a long head. and he fully this was by fa:- the best provision he could possibly make for his daughter's future life. lie bad no fortune to leave her; but experts in the. musical profes— Sion asSured him that Mary's voice. though not as valuable, as a fortune, would make her easily self-Supporting, when properly developed. It was a great voice. though not suited for the higher uses of the musical pro- lafle!‘ the culture was through with. fession. these musicians told him. and the- old Englishman promptly snubbed the suggestion; his daughter should ncvm- Ising on any stoke. he declared. no mut- gter what sort of a voice she might have But 'a concert was different and as :1 teacher, lhe would gladly see her make an honest living. “But ymr must be very careful, duughtcr," the father bud just advised her, as she was leaving his {louver shop 110 attend the muFicnl session of the :tenchcr; “music is a wonderful Work, but 1there is many it temptation for tho girls it" become giddy. as you'll later come to lknow; you must keep yourself dignified and not Show any boldness or forward- ncss." And then to the lesson of high tmor'ality the old Englishman added a lshrcwd caution: “You must always show yourself, a perfect lady, if you want ladies to trust you with their children." “Yes, father,” laughed pretty Mary. “I’ll keep my back stiff and straight, nev- er fear!” Then She stepped out to the Street and closed the shop door behind her. I A sound of discordant music made her ,wince; she would rather be struck in the face than listen to discordant music. Searching for its source, her eyes fell upon a pathetic sight; a veteran, support- ing himself. on one crutch, was playing on a battered violin. much in need of tuning, .Many stood waiting until he had finished; then she stepped up to put a bit of mon- ey in his cup. Mary’s money was only in small bits, and numbered not many; but this nickle meant that she would walk several hurried miles instead of taking the street car. The five cents echoed in an empty cup. “You have not been lucky A N" F A R M‘E R today, Captain.":‘ she said in a. gently Sympathetic ' voice. “No”, kind lady.” said the old soldier, in a discouraged tone. “I can’t play any- thing but‘ old-fashioned tuneS, and no- body cares to hear them." ‘ A sudden impulse wasborn in Mary’s heart. “I could gain him enough to let him take a day’s holiday, perhaps;” her face flushed like the dawn. and paled again; would this tell against her? Would ‘lt make her desired patrons» think she was not dignified? The girl shrank, back from her own impulses and inherited cau- tion pulled in the same direction. “Fath- er’s will might be such," she said to her- self, excusing her cowardlineSS. “it might cost me my opportunity to become a great and noted singer.”- So she started to walk along the street, but the sight of the faded uniform, the crippled leg, the sad face held her yet. “This is my chance to sing in the good cause.” she thought, and her heart leaped up. “What did God give me my voice for? I will use it for this poor child of His, and if I lose my career, I sacrifice it gladly!” "Here. Captain!’ The old man was about to put his violin up and move on. for returns were very poor, but the fresh hearty young voice arrested his atten- tion. “Play that last piece again,” said Mary, “and we‘ll make the people listen, and give their money. too.” The old man obeyed, meekly, for he hardly knew what else to do; he played the introductory bars. and a joyous sur- prise fiooded his Whole withered body as a high, flute-like soprano rose and soared above the noise of the street. on the sim- ple words of “Lead, Kindly Light.” He quite forgot that it was for money this beautiful young woman was singing, and that the money was for him; he merely rejoiced in his musical old soul at being a partner of this heavenly melody, and he played worthily, with a new skill and life. Mary, herself. felt the great joy of creating such sweet sounds; she recog- nized the new throb in the battered old violin. the new skill in the battered old fingers, and threw herself wholly into making the selection as beautiful as her gift would allow her. She fully realized that she had never sung so well before. \\'hen the song was ended she and the old stI‘crvt musician came back to earth with a slight jar. There was an cnthu.iastic crowd around them. applauding and pour- ing pickles and dimes into the old man’s cup until it was filled to the brim. But the performance was not yet end- ed. A mun, slight in figure, but well dressed. stepped forward from the crowd. “Let me have a try at the old fiddle, Cap- tain,” he Said with a deep, rich voice. Mary stood amazed. and turned as red as the summer’s rose with her great agi- tation. This—-the wonder musician of the country, wonder of wonders of the plat- form, known to every home of the land—- was the great Mantee Kerr himSelf. the renowned master of the violin, as well as a wonderfully equipped vocal instructor and writer of musical compositions. What could he be thinking of her, who had been so desirous of being among his stu- dents? \Vhat did he now think of her dignity and her self-mastery of cultural attainments? Did he believe she done the right thing or the wrong thing in the right place? Was he to place her in a sorry position before all these- strang- ers? Her heart was beating with great heavy bounds. The crowd was increasing in numbers. The old man, who had faced many a Stormy battle and strife for his country's cause, passed the old instrument to the master violinist. After a few turns of the keyS, and close observation with his keen car along the strings, he played in- troductory bars-t0 “The Rosary,” and as he opened the piece Mary took up the words, singing with that tender pathos and feeling which has gripped the great audiences of the auditoriums of the world many a time. The listeners fairly held their breath to catch every tone of the silvery, flute-like voice, blended with the mastery of the violin. In the great storm of applause that fol- lowed. Mary made her way out to the cleared sidewalk, but as she looked over her shoulder she beheld the master of the violin. with his felt hat held in his outstretched hand, taking up the offering for the old captain. And the total amount was wealth to the old man. keeping him from hunger and need for many a stormy day. But Mary was facing her father as she neared the edge of the crowd. Would he be angry because of her use of her voice in this manner? No reproof was to be hers, for he said. “Oh, Mary! The good Lord gave you a heart of gold to match the voice of silver! You have made bad , HERE'S a time for every- thing—a time to sow, a time to plow and a time to buy com- mon-sense underclothing. That time’s now, That underdoth. ing is Stephenson Underwear, than which, there is nothing better under the sun. More wool, more wear, more length, more breadth, more comfort, no scratch, no tear after washday, and every garment is guaranteed satisfactory to wearer. Look for this label: mun Sou, SOUTH BEND. IND. NDERWEA l 5: "sruev ensue” No. l05—-Nstursl my: flat web. made of Wool and Strict. Good Middllns Cotton; out. large and full and is built for wear; button holes reinforced: suspender tapes are double thickness of sateen and double stitched: waistband ls self-lined— that is-- there is a double thickness of wool fabric covering the vital organs instead of domet or some other cheaper facing; a strong muslin stay is in- sorted in drawer waistband to preserve the size. Drawers are gored at back to give shape and anus at the waistband, with ample seat room. full cut: properly shaped euti's both on sleeves and legs: the shirts are full length and are looped seamless at the shoulders. Drawers and $ 1 irts ..............................Euli. This garment will Wear equal to other mites usually sold at $1.50. Write for Interesting Booklet on Underwear Stephenson Underwear Mills. South Bend, Ind. Product Sold to merchant: Only Best granulated cane, If ordered with $50 worth of our other groceries. or 35 the. for $1 it with a $10 ocory order; Toilet Soap, worth 256. only 116 or 3 large cakes: 12 bars but 50 Nantha Soap,- 35c: 3 cans Baked- Beans with pork. 23c; 60c lea. 39c; 40c Baking Powder. 17c and 10,000 Other Big Bargains sold by us direct by mail to consumers at wonderful price reductions. on save middlemen's profits,iosses and expenses. Absolute satisfaction guaranteed _or {ourdmuoaefi back. GROCERY BARGAIN LIST FREE. on . It‘s free-just send . a postal. Chock full of rnoney-suvrng bargain offers. Let us show you how to cut your grocery bills one-third. Write now. Sand for Big Grocery Bargain List TODAY. fl & H. Walker, 4:139:35}ng BETTER Elli/NT 'rom/KEROSENE Beats TEN DAYS Electric F R E E Of Gasoline :2: , « SEND no norm Without sending a cent you can use this wonderful. economical oiillzht 10 days Free. then return at our ex- nso it not satisfied. Gives powerful white incan- eseent ll ght burns over 60 hours on one gallon Kero- schema-10M. No odor. smoke or notes. simple, clean. wog’ttexpllgddt Gurtuanteetg. We twant one person in sac cm i y 0 re or one mers o. 3:13;" Io-rtasav hFlllEIl raw. AGE HTS —ngen w o ease rtces and learn how to get ONE Fatal. WANTED Hake money evenings d upgr- time. One farmer cleared over $500 in 8 weeks. vs territory given. THE EQUAL SUFFRAGE GAME. Just the game for granges. lodges and clubs of all kinds. entertainingly great. A game that is vrtally in- teresting. Guarantee to produce volumes of laugh- ter or can be layed in a serious mood. An absolutely new game. omplete for 100. No further cost. E. L. nom'. 383 Van Dyke Ave” Detroit, Mich. W A N T E D Experienced farmer-to run alfalfa ranch in California in partnership with me. I invest halt money required to buy land and take one-quarter crops my shue. References as to honesty and ability required, I“. P. TOMS. 21 McGraw Bldg" Detroit. Mich. WANT: D—Msn and wife to take charge of Ranch. two hundred fifty acres under cultivation. Must be energetic. sober. honest. industrious and a tactical farmermnpable of handling men. Also ex er encod and capable of gettinc ml“- able results. tote salary, (Publications. exper once. roterenogs. Wife to do (:00 inc. German preferred, Address Gates" 1213 Center Avon Bay City. Mich. Mentlcn Itlclr. Farmer mu vrltlng to advcnlserc. ,.. ..-.-.im'.; 'your mark in the world, and all people shall be‘happy to relate this incident of ' ' SEPT; 27, 1913. one of the world's great singers, in days that are to come.” YEsTERoIAY's LUXURIES ARE TO- DAY'S NECESSITIES. BY EDITH CHILDS. Could our grandparents look in upon us would they not open their eyes in aston- ishment at the wonders all about us? During the early days of our nation peo- ple spun and wove their own clothes, rode behind oxen, cradled their grain. and hauled, with tedious labor over rough roads, their produce to market. However, as time passed the Icon. and the sewing machine appeared; the cradle gave way to the harvester, the lumbering oxen and the dog-cart to carriages and horses; the steam engine was invented. electricity was diScovered and the tele- graph and telephone, with other inven- tions. followed rapidly. From the time of the first riding ve- hicle and the weaving of cloth by ma- chinery, one luxury after another has been added until at present we have nearly everything possible to lighten labor and increase the enjoyment of life. The world, which was once a slow one, has been in- creasing its speed until now it moves with great rapidity. The cry of human- ity is hurry, hurry—if you cannot keep up with us, drop out. We have no need of sluggards. “Accidents fill the world with woe.” No matter, we continue to rush on at breakneck speed. The luxuries of the past are necessities of the present. The luxuries of the pres- ent will be- necessities of the future. while the luxuries of the future are still un— known. The farmer may milk his cows with pneumatic tubes, run the milk through a separator, send his cream to the factory and receive a check each week. The housewife increases her “bin money” by using a “wooden hen” which turns out thousands of motherless chicks. Gas and electricity are taking the place of .hand and horse power. Our barns. houses and streets are lighted with one or both. The power is supplied by private lighting plants or large companies. The farmer, too; may plow his fields with steam. gas or electricity. His grain is threshed by the same means. Then again, the housewife may employ them in wash- ing and ironing her clothing. Graphophones and pianos are found in almost every home. Books are in abund- ance but. alas, they are not appreciated. Public libraries are within reach of us all. The farmer takes his family to town or city in an automobile to shop or visit. to attend church or theatre. He keeps in touch with the world by means of the telephone, the magazine and the daily newspaper. New comes the greatest blessing, the biggest luxury of them all—the rural mall and the parcel post. How eagerly we watch for the mail carrier! He brings? news of friends, 01- lets us know what is going on outside our domain. XVe need not drive to town to shop but, by con- sulting catalogs and advertisements we can send our orders by mail or telephone I and. behold, the goods come to our very] doors. Time passes rapidly. Soon these luxu-I ries will be things of the past. Some- thing new will take their place. Can any- thing takc the place of gas and electric- ity. of the telephone, telegraph, rural mail or parcel post? Someday, perhaps, the farmer will ride from city to city in an :icroplane as he now goes in his automo- bile. Perhaps, too. some day we may talk with our friends by means of the wireless. Who can tell of the wonders yet to come? SMILE PROVOKERS. “Wise men llGQIlfltefltillly fools are cer- tain,” he observed in the course of a conversation with his tender spouse. “I don’t know about that,” she said. “Well, I am certain of it!” he exclaim- ed. And for a long time he was puzzled to understand why she burst out laugh- ing at him. A young lady who taught a class of small boys in the Sunday school desired to impress on them the meaning of re— turning thanks before a meal. Turning to one of the claSs, whose father was a deacon in the church, she asked him: “William, what is the first thing your father says when he sits down to the table?” ‘ “He says,~‘Go slow with the butter, kids; it’s 40 cents a. pound’,” replied the y Oungster. 13-273 m as I \ . i\ _ ‘ to ‘ ‘ \ >5~ - 3’ o ’ x __ '3? (# .— ‘—~————‘ ‘— ~ W‘ o 0 o .. o . o .u . ° 9 u ==== uni S. U . u nn H ‘ lm l '. IIII .l . . t l I I ‘ ' c ‘ ' i We Want to Ask a Question of the Fathers of Little Girls How will you leave your daughters if you should be taken away? If you should die before they are grown, have you set aside a sum of money for their education and clothes? . Of course they will have their share, but unless the farm is broken up, or the boys have money enough to buy their interest, they may not have any ready money. And a girl needs some money. If she expects to become self—supporting, she must have money to equip herself. Even to have’a fair chance at matrimony, a girl must have some clothes. 0 Are Your Daughters Worth Protectmg ? You are probably a careful man and a good farmer. You take care of your stock, and you insure your property. But your daughters—worth more than all your possessions -——are they not worth protecting? Even though you leave a good estate, it will probably be tied up in the courts for one or more years. And your own daughters might suffer serious inconvenience for the lack of a few dollars. There is one way to be absolutely sure that your children will be protected — a life insurance policv to be paid directly to them. Most good business men everywhere thus protect their families. F N ti 1 ’1: Insurance Company . armors a 0113 L1 e of America 20 East Jackson Blvd., Chicago, Ill. ’ _ Coupon for Free Souvenir JOHN M. STAHL Presrdent EDW. W. WICKEY Secretary My Name is ______________________ Souvenir Free “V ”mm” ------------------ . --------------------------- ~-----------~- A useful souvenir, with full information, will be sent 5mt ____________ R, R. you free, if you fill out and send in this coupon. Date of My Birth ---------- no.---.o.-------o-ooonno.-o-u..--.-..-n.p----u T1111 WHERE THIS SIGN’S DISPLA YED IS SOLD THE BEST FENCE MADE.. b lung]: Pepfe c t" /, 11 : o o o - ‘ $35.5 33 ; (gusts ,easdy to [ally [and I” 52%;; fan“ 1,? _ “b,“‘éx Perfectly effective under all . 11;:- .24 l- 4 i 3 l" conditions, because it 18 a w" . 5 . " ‘ -. , ,4 'x _ _ 0 TROUBLE at all ., ”-13? ‘jkib , 1 , 5» ONE PIECE FENCE t to quickly string “a, . %L . ‘-I;.«I i"! _;,,—- “ «t ’ , \ “Pittsburgh Perfect” Fence T5,. W1 ‘ ‘I’J \ i I; r . .H ‘ I IJIII - \ ’2 4.» over hills and through valleys. It. “a 1. 4‘ ~. Ky 1. contains no single, separate wires. t“ . I» I .\ j‘ ", The joints are ”A.“ _ . _ SQ R 1 = WELDED BY ELECTRICI I Y 5m: ‘ :Wj \ \ making a one-piece fabric without the extra weightof waste ”an. . [\ , wire. Made of special Open Hearth wire, heavxly galvan- tafirfi‘is : . ized with pure zinc. Strongest and most durable fence pro- “1 m, ‘ , r: duced anywhere. Thousands who use it say It’s best. “‘1‘,“ \ Investigate it, anyway. Read “How to Test Wire" in our “5,. ' new catalogue (sent free) which also shows the many different styles and \ sizes of “Pittsburgh Perfect” Fence for Field, Farm, Ranch, Lawn, Chicken, \ ‘ Poultry and Rabbit Yard and Garden. \ ‘M‘I'ISIURGH DIRFK‘I‘ E NCl Wire Nails: Large Makers of "Pittsburgh Perfect" . ized Wire: Hard Spring Coil Wire; PITTSBURGH STEEL CO. PITTSBURGH. PA. Head Roofing Nails; Pittsburgh Perfect" Fencing. Brands of Barbed Wire; Bright, Annealed and Galvan- Twisted Cable Wire: Galvanized Telephone Wire: Bale Ties; Fence Staples; Poultry Netting Staples: Regular Wire Nails; Galvanized ,. 7.. ”’l( I ’6'!‘ . S EN DTO-DAY FOR OUR 72 PAGE ILLUSTRATED CATALOG It ‘ves valuable information about all PLANET JR. labor saving implements. Write postal for it tic—day! S. L. ALLEN £4 00., Box "07 M. PHILADELPHIA I ' Young Man —- Would You Accent I and wear a. fine tailormade suit just for showmg is _ to your friends? 01- a slipon raincoat free? 01(3):“ you use $5 a day for a little spare time? For we can give you a steady Job at and pay . Then write us at once and get beautilu samples, gt and an offer so d that you canhard ybehgveit, BARN“ rm 00-. Dent- 494 . Mrs. Foolish: “Good evening, Anty Drudge. I’m all tired out— and my washing not done, be- cause my boiler sprung a leak. I’m just looking over this mail order catalog to see what kind to get for next Monday. This aluminum one seems nice, and ought to be light to lift.” Anty Drudge: “ No boiler full of water is light to lift. Order a box of Fells-Naptha Soap—save the money you’d spend for a boiler—and you ’11 be able to do your washing in cool or luke- warm water, with no hard rub- bing and in half the time, next week and every week.” If you use Fels- Naptha Soap the hard part of your work is done for you. Fels—Naptha works best in cool or 1 u k e W a r m w a t e r. Clothes washed with Fels- Naptha do not have to be boiled nor rubbed hard and your snowy, clean wash will be on the line in half the time it used to take. Soap your clothes well and - put them to soak in cool water for about 30 minutes. Fels—Naptha does all the other kinds of work just as well and just as easily. You will find directions on the red and green wrapper. Better buy it by the box or carton. Fels 6: Co., Philadelphia. ' 'dation. _——‘ #A‘Her Needs 3' At Home 61110 Elsewhere \\ .g——-—-——-—— ‘ The Joy of Living. that the new is changing. But one thing still remains which no ph01050pher has yet arisen to contradict, the idea that God curse-d the race when he ordained that man must earn his bread by the sweat of his brow. All dewn through the centuries we have talked of the expulsion of our foreparents from the Garden as the “curse.” \Ve consider the one who needs must toil day in and day out as unlucky, while the one who can live at his ease we speak of as a lucky chap. The girl who marries a man with money is the envied of her set, while she who weds poverty is commiserated or perhaps sneered at. But taking it by and large, the posses- sion of money in one’s youth is seldom a lucky thing. It is far better for the young man and young woman to realize how hardly the dollars are earned than to have them handed out for the asking by an indulgent dad. Often even in mid- dle age, the amassing of wealth brings trouble where harmony existed before. There was the case of John and Mary V‘Vaters. They took up new land in Mich- igan a few years ago, and started out with only an ox team, a few second-hand farm implements and a few household articles donated by anxious relatives. But they were young and stmng and very much in love and their possessions looked as fine to them as they appeared shabby to their friends. “'ith laughing faces and brave hearts they set about clearing up their fields, covered as they were with stumps and second growth timber. THERE is a lot in the old theology It was hard work. both indoors and out. John worked from 3 a. m. till 10 p. m. many a day, and Mary (lid nearly as well. For in addition to the work indoors She tried her hand at raising fancy poultry and berry—gardening, and even went out to help the neighbors in their busy sea- sons. There was nothing much but pri- vations the first fiVe years, for every cent that could be earned went into the farm for improvements. So there was no mon- ey for clothes and pleasures. and, in fact, no time to go to merry-makings had there been clothes. Yet there was a pleasure in it all, for both felt the joy of working, and both were filled with hope for the future. And their hope was not without foun- Their thrift and hard work told. They bought and sold wisely, and by the time the three children were ready for school, Mary could begin to _takc things a bit easier, and managed to save up enough money for her first real dress since her marriage. They bought more land and-were among the first to make money raising sugar beets Mary's fine poultry commanded top-notch prices and things began to come their way. The old barns and log house were replaced with substantial buildings. Trees and shrubs planted years ago. were now in their mature beauty. There was a good bank account, and John purchased an automobile \ “How nice that they can now enjoy life,” said everyone. “They certainly de- Serve it, for their early married life was hard enough.” - But strange to say, they did not enjoy life. \Vith the advent of ‘a hired girl in the house Mary felt she had a chance to develop nerves, which she accordingly did. She grew captious and fault finding. Nothing John did ever suited her. She studied books of etiquiette and began to try to correct John’s manners. John, thought his manners had been good enough for her for twenty years and he could see no reason for a change. She grew caustic and John and the auto took to leaving the farm in the ‘morning and staying away until Mary had gone to bed at night. He began dropping in at the saloon for a bit of something to brace him up after a tirade from his good wife. Eventually a “bit” didn’t suffice and be- fore many months the neighbors were bringing him home to Mary. A separa- tion followed and the old age of ease and enjoyment which the two had expected turned into years of heartache for the wife and wretchedness for the husband. Everyone had something to say about it, but no one placed the blame in the right place. Money was really at the bottom of it. Had they remained in circum- stances which would have made it neces— sary to Work Mary would not have had time to find, fault and John would have stayed right on the farm instead of run— ning off to the saloon. Work would have been their salvation. DEBORAH. LAUNDRY DAY HELPS. BY M'BS. JEFF. DAVIS. Many housekeepers look upon laundry work as hopeless drudgery. Of course it means an outlay of considerable time, and effort, but the burden can be greatly les- sened, and the work made much more satisfactory, by adopting a system that includes the smallest details. Get the best, most up-to-date laundry helps, and then give your tools and your work your careful attention. After you are through using your wringer, before covering it up until the following week, unscrew it. dry it the" ~hly, and Wipe it with a cloth moistened with kerosene. This is a splendid stain, and dirt remov- er. This may seem a small matter, but will greatly prolong the usefulness of your machine. ' The very best clothes-pins obtainable are none too good to uSe. There are sev- eral kinds on the market of the spring type, that are guaranteed not to rust, and are durable and practical. But if you prefer the ordinary wooden kind, it is best to throw them into boiling water before they are. used. They are less lia- ble to “yellow" when treated in this way. The clothes—pin apron made of strong ticking, turned up at the bottom to form two wide, but not very deep pockets, is a convenience well known, but often neg- lected. Your ironing board Should receive es- pecial attention. To withstand the con— stant wear and tear the covering should be made from the strongest and newest of cloth. ‘It will tnke less than a yard, 72 inches wide, so the cost will be only a trifle. This can be sewed up lengthwiSe and slipped on the board. For a protec- tion for this make a Smooth fitting cover of denim. This should never be off the board when not in use. The ironing stand should be clamped firmly to the board. This does away with the danger of its slipping and the irons falling to the floor. The irons must be kept perfectly clean to give the best service. This means they must be scrape-d clean of starch frequent- ly and rubbed over fine salt, or washed in soap and water and dried. Wax is another important adjunct. though care must be taken that this is wiped off with Cloth or paper before using on clothes. A great deal of wear and tear on the clothes can be avoided by the use of a small hand brush. Instead of rubbing the clothes on the wash board, lay the soiled spots on the board, rub well with soap, and scrub with the brush. When greasy pieces are washed add a. little kerosene to the water. This will help in removing the dirt. Rub soap on the worSt spots, and let the garment soak ' for a. short time in soapsuds to which the oil has been added, and then wash. To Remove Stains. Iron rust may be removed by applying salt and lemon juice to the dampened spots and placing in the sun, or near the fire. Make second and third application if necessary. Rinse thoroughly. For mildew give the discolored spots an application of common soap follOWed by one of starch rubbed in thoroughly. Lay the article in the sun for several hours. For peach stains wet the stained por- tion of the linen, cover it with cream of tartar and lay it in the sun. Every vest- age of the stain quickly disappears. Most fruit stains may be removed by stretching the material across the top of a pan, or other vessel, and pouring boil- ing water through them. Tea and coffee stains may be washed out with cold water. Blood stains will disappear if the stain- ed article is put to soak, at once, in cold or tepid water. Ink spots may be removed by an ap- plication of equal parts of citric acid and cream of tartar melted on a plate. Mix and rub over the stains, then wash care- fully. In almost all cases the ink will disappear at once without injury to the color. Stains that have been laundered many times require many treatments be- fore they yield. lf garments stained by tar or wagon greaSe are first washed in cold soapsuds the stains will be eradicated. For pitch stains first grease with lard, and then use soap and cold water. Turpentine will also remove such stains. To prevent the fading of ginghams, cal- icoes or lawns, dissolve a nickel’s worth of sugar of lead in a pail of lukewarm water. Then put the goods into it and let stand for three or four hours. nring out, dry, and press in the usual way and the colors will never .fade. This process shrinks the goods at the same time it Sets the colors. All black lawn, calico and pei‘cale dress- es, dark tan and dark blue one, should be dipped in starch in which a cupful of clear coffee, and a lump of white wax have been boiled. The coffee will give to the mateual the original dark color which is so often destroyed by washing, and the wax prevents the starch from sticking to the irons. For dampening clothes use a whisk broom and warm water. will be more even than if sprinkled in any other way, and the ironing facilitated. A folded turkish towel makes an excel— lent pad for ironing embroideries.‘ Rows of buttons may also be ironed on such a. pad, using the iron on the wrong side of the garment. A pad made from an old linen table- cloth is excellent on which to iron fine tucks. Make it twelve inches long and six inches wide, and six or eight folds in thickness. Stretch the tucks to be ironed over this, right side down, and when fin- ished they will be straight, and stand out nicely. RECIPES. _ Walnut Candy. Boil two cups of syrup with a teaspoon- ful of butter, and throw picked walnuts in as it approaches the candying point. Almonds can be used if preferred. To blanch the almonds, boil three minutes, then plunge in cold Water. Pumpkin Fritters. Be sure your pumpkin is a good solid meated one to start with. Cut in pieces without peeling, scrape out the seeds and shreds that hold them, cut the pumpkin in small pieces and boil with a cup of water to keep from sticking, until tender and nearly dry. This requires five or six hours’ slow cooking. Strain through a colander and to every teacupful add a. beaten egg, salt and sugar to taste and flour to thicken as stiff as for corn frit- ters. Drop by the spoonful into a kettle of boiling lard, and as soon as brown and light take out, drain and send to the ta— ble. Some cooks prefer to add a little cream to the pumpkin and more flour and egg. Charlotte Russe. Dissolve one—half box or gelatine in one- half pint of milk. Heat one pint of milk to boiling poiri't. Beat two eggs, one cup of sugar until very light, add these to hot milk, stir in gelatine. Cook just long enough to cook eggs. Have one and one-- half pints of nice thick cream whipped to a good stiff broth. When gelatine part begins to congeal beat lightly into the cream. Set to cool. Pound Cake. Six ounces of butter. one-half pound of sugar, four eggs, 10 ounces of flour, one teaSpoonful of baking powder sifted with flour. Beat butter to a smooth cream, add Sugar, beating very light. Now add eggs one at a time, beating thoroughly between each time. Add flavoring, lemon and a little mace, and mix the flour in The dampness- SEPT. 27, 1913.- nghtly, Bake in loaf pans in moderate oven. , , Baked Egg Plant. The egg plant should be dropped into boiling salted water and boiled until it feels tender on preSsure—about 25 min- utes. Halve it with a sharp knife, scoop out each center, leaving the sides about an ‘mch thick. Chop ‘the portion taken out, seaSon it well and mix with it an equal quantity of fine stale crumbs or part crumbs and some chopped cold ba- con. Refill the halves. dot the top of each with bits of butter and brown in quick oven. Hot Chocolate Sauce for Ice Cream. A chocolate sauce poured over ice cream congeals slightly and is a tooth- some combination. Boil one-half cup each of granulated sugar and water together for five minutes, then stir in slowly four squares or ounces of chocolate broken in small pieces. When the chocolate is all melted, add one-half teaspoon of vanilla. Keep the sauce hot by standing the dish in a pan of hot water. At serving time add one-half cup of hot milk. Serve in a pitcher or sauce boat. Broiled Mackerel. Soak the mackerel in fresh water over night. In the morning rinse in fresh water and dry. Place on broiler, brush the flesh side with butter, have it near the fire until nicely browned, turn and brown the skin side. “'hen brown re— move to slow heat, broil slowly, basting often with butter. Serve with lemon slices sprinkled with finely choppr‘d par?- lcy. Serve boiled potatoes with the mack- ercl and hot buttered toaSt cut int) inch strips while hot, and piled log-cabin fash- ion, three strips lengthways and three strips crossways, alternating on the plate to look like a little log cabin. Broiled Lamb Chops. Broil on a gridiron over a bright fire. Put a little salt and pepper upon each chop, and butter them before they go to the table. Lay thcm, overlapping one another, around a mound of green peas 01' mashed potatoes. Boiled Meat: Salt meat shOuld be placed at starting in cold water. If the meat is very salt. it is as well to soak it in cold water for a few hours beforehand. The water should be brought gradually to the simmering point, and the joint should be simmered gently, allowing from ten to 12 minutes to each pound of meat after the simmer- ing commences. The drawback to salt meat is that, as a rule, you cannot utilize the water in which it has been boiled. then you boil 3 large piece of beef to be cut cold, at first starting add onion and celery trimmingn‘. and let the joint get cold in the water in which it has been boiled, like a ham. Chicken Livers. Wash well to remove all blood. have butter well heated in a. skillet, drop in the livers. As soon as they touch the hut fat turn them and do this repeatedly to keep them from hardening on the out— side. The secret of good frying lies in turning them often. This keeps the sub— stance Soft and juicy. \Vhen the livers are fried season them with salt and pep- per and fill up the skillet with soup stock. if you like a thick gravy add a teaspoon of flour to the butter befoxe adding the soup. Another good Way to p1epa: e the livers is to Stick a clove into each one, sprinkle ground cinnamon and sugar over them and fly in sweet butter. These do not need soup stock, and are served on toast for those who have a sweet tooth. Cannelon of Beef. Chop two pounds of lean beef very fine; chop and pound in a iortar half a pound of fa tbacon, and mix with the beef, Sea— son with pepper and a little salt, a small nutmeg, the grated rind of a lemon, the juice of a quarter of it, a heaping tea- spoonful of parsley, minced fine; or it can be seasoned With an additional table- spoonful of onion; or, if no onion or pars- ley is at hand, with summer savory or thyme. Bind all there together with two eggs. wrap the roll in buttered paper, tie securely, then cover with :1-paste made of flour and water. Bake two hours. He- move the paper and crust. Serve it'hot with tomat osauce or brown gravy. This may be made from raw or underdone meat If the meat is not raw, but rare, surround the roll with pie crust. Bake and serve with tomato sauce, or any of the brown sauces poured in the bottom of the dish. Potato croquettes may be serv- ed around it. Coffee Whip. Place two tablespoonfuls of coffee in a pan and heat until hot, stirring all the time; turn at once into one pint of rich cold cream with two tablespoons of fine sugar and stir a. minute. Let it become cold, remove the coffee, and whip to a stiff froth. ‘ Devil’s Food. One cup of butter and one-quarter cup of sugar, three eggs, on’e-half cup of sweet milk, three ounces of melted choc— olate, one and three-quarter cups of flour, one and one-half teaspoonfuls of baking powder. Bake in a flat tin. LETTER BOX. Household Editorz—I wish to say a few words in praise of Deborah's article, “Till Death do us Part." I can truly say, “Those are my sentiments, too." There is no other subject on which I feel so strongly as on this one and if the writer 1f the article had known of the case which I Will cite. she could not have writ- ten more to the point. I know a dear little woman whose hus- band has found an “afiinity,” and left his wife and three beautiful children. This wife has always done all the work for the family except the washing and part of the time the ironing; has done all the sewing for the children, and nearly all of her own; keeps her home and her children in excellent shape, and is very trim and neat herself. People say her husband must be crazy to leave such a family, and, verily, it would almost secm so, but all I can say is that it seems to me he is very selfish and has no respect, much less love, for his family or he couldn't be such a de- spicable cur. Truly, there should be some tc‘rible punikhment for a. man who stoops to such things. To my mind, if a woman gives l:er pure young womanhood into a man’s keeping and in the course of ten years bears him three lovely children, there is rothing too gre:1t for him to do for her. I wish every man, husband or father, could read the article, “Till Death do us l‘art.”—~Mrs. A. F. F. HOME QUERIES. Household Editorz—If M. J. will cut pie- plant into small pieces, as for pie, and put in an eirthen or granite dish with a covering of such a dough as she would make for dumplings, steam till done and cat with sauce of butter, sugar and nut- meg or lemon, she will, I think, he pleas- (‘11 with the dish. A marmalade can be made in the proportion of two pounds of p'cplant, cut small, two pounds of sugar and two lemons or oranges, as liked, with seeds removed and rind chopped fine. Fuck all together until it will jell. Can be placed in glasses like jelly. A pine- -:'pple can be used with it if that fruit is liked. Pieplant and the elderberries which grow in most parts of the state, when cooked together, make a very good pie filling—M. K. Household Editorz—lf Ms. \Villiam M. will rinse her yellow clothes in buttermilk or sour milk and-then lay on the grass the will find they will bleach out white. Or she can rinse them out every morning and they will come white a great deal sooner.——Mrs. I. C., Defiance. TO SAVE FRESH MEAT IN SUMMER. Boil up what meat you wish to keep fresh just as if you were cooking it to eat at once. Fill quart jars with meat and finish filling in with water in which the meat was cooked. Add a pinch of salt (or about enough to taste). and screw on lid (just loose), and place in a boiler of water up to the shoulders of jars. Have a board or straw (or false bottom of any kind), in bottom of boiler on which to place jars to prevent tho-m from break— ing. NOW let boil this way three or four bouts, then take out and screw down tight. Tip your jar down and see if any 111' the juice escapes; if so, your jar will not keep unless remedied. Take a knife and pres the back against the edge of the lid until you press it down against the rubber enough to keep the air from escaping. Set in a cool, dark place- and when needed open and you have fresh Cooked meat. ‘ Here are a few ways to serve this meat. Breakfast Dish. Place in a frying pan and thicken with a little flour and water. Add :1 piece of onion, if you like onion flavor. Hash from Canned Meat. Mix half and half, meat and potatoes; one raw egg, well incorporated; a table- spoon of flour. also onion, if liked. Make in cakes or fry as a whole. The meat must first be chopped or run through a meat grinder, before adding ingredients. Mince pies may be made. or soup. or any dish liked. This is sometimes quite a saving as well as quite convenient in case a quick meal is desired. THE 'MlCHLG‘AN' FARMER Won’t You Spend One Penny to Secure the New Philipsbom Style Book, filled with the choicestdoveliest, most charming and exclusive Fall and Win- ter styles? Won’t you risk a minute of your t1me to get acquainted with the big Philipsborn Catalog --—book of athousand savings? Won’ t you respond to our message and learn how easy it is to save on your clothes allowance—11nd still be one of the best drested women in your town? Philipsbom’s New "Two Acre" Home at Your Service story mercantile palace is rcady to serve you better—more quickly—more efficiently than you have e1 or been scrxed before To make shopping a pleasure insteadot’atusk— To show you how your money will bring you the greatest real values and genuine satisfaction you have ever know 11. Read the Below Range of Prices: Ladies‘ and Misscs’ Coats ....................... $4. 98 to $1213.93 Ladies’ Furs ..................... Ladies' Fur Coats” .. Sweaters. Ladies' Lallies' Hats.- ,1 and Elisses’ Suits Ladies a111lMisses’Dresscs .................... Ladies' llaist~1.. Ladies’ and llisscs’ SI: 1'1ts. . ................ House Dresses, Kimonos ...... Petticoats ...................................... Girls” and (Mitch en’ .9 Foals ..................... B111/' 8 and Young Men’ .11 Clothing. .9 And a meat many 01/1121 110111. 1111191113 11' 1‘11; equally interesting bargains, a complete specialty store in prmt. XA101.$17.50 Guaranteed Seal Plush Coat for $10. 98 Nothing to Equal [his Value has Ever Been Offered Before. 52 in. long Lined With s1 '1! Iii-own gu .ll‘llllLl‘cd satin. Newest shape faultless workmanship and finish Sizes 'i2 to 44 bust. Our Special $10 98 “New Building” Bargain Price Misscs' Sizes: H to lo yr an (ill 50i111h15-1I11111.lti and ‘10 yrs. 0111,52 in.loug. Our Special ‘New Building" Bargain Price $10'98 Philipsbom—The Most Liberal House in Existence Your satisfaction is GUARANTEED or your money refunded and in addition to our low prices and liberal guarantee, We Prepay Express and Mailing Charges Everywhere There is a beautiful catalog reservedfor you. A Postal Will Bring It Free This Book of a Thousand Fasbions and a Thousand Javings. Don’ t Forget —Write For It Today! HELEPSI ()tiit‘r ()nr‘n10nt House p‘t 32 N. W. L (11‘1101‘ _ _1u (‘nt‘v Poorj it 1 Savewflootommon Hoosier Ranges and Heaters ‘ Why not. buy the Beat when you can buy them at such low unheard-oi before you buy. Send postal 3.02:, for large free .11. v: ‘T - ' and ‘ Hoosierstovot‘o. » 1'31" Statest..Marlon. Ind. Factory prices. Our new improvements absolutely Iurpass anything over pro- duced. Save enough on a single stove to buy your winter's fuel. Thirty days Station (} AMERICAN GUARANTEED FOR 3OYEARS O‘INGOT IRON ROOFIII Q.Money back or a new roof if it de- teriorates or rusts out. No painting 'or repairs required. Our Indemnity Bond pro- tects you. Costs no more than ordinary roof- ing. Write for big illustrated book I‘REE. e American Iron Roofing Co. ELmu, 01110. free trial in your own home prices. WANTE —Meu and women for Government positions. Examinations soon. Ioonducted Government. Examinations. Trial ex- amination free. Write, OZMENT, 17 B . St. Lou is. Have That Fur Robe or Coat Rep aired Before it gets COLD WEATHER. We repair and furnish new Fur for any kind of Fur Coat or Robe at a very reasonable price and we do it Write us for any estimate on your work, or better still, send it anng, we will treat you right. BLISSFLELD ROBE 8: TAN C0., Custom Tanners, BLISSFIELD, MICHIGAN. If you want a new stove don’ t \\ lit to save up the price. Order it at 02216 from the Kalamazoo Catalog. We will give you eisy payment terms and you'll never miss the money. You can’t find better quality. We give you the best t Your New StovNCW. Take 3‘0 8 Months to to be had in stoves and'rangcs and back our guaran- tee with 30 days’ free trzaZ—a year’s approval test—and $100, 001) Bank Bond. Write for Factory Prices that save $5, $10, $20 to $40 It would do your heart good to see the new Kalamazoo catalog—400 of the new- est styles-base burners, glass oven door ranges-fine wood and coal heaters etc. More than any 20 dealers can show you. bend a postal for it quick. You can save money in fuel by discardmg your old stove and installina’a new alamazoo Get the catalog and see in ship your ..1tove freight prepaid, the same day your order arrive: Ask for Catalog No. l1 3 Kalamazoo Stove Co.. Mfrs. Kalamazoo, Mich. We make a full line of ‘ A koloma , 021:: g... .. 61.33112: Ifl",\'d Din-Ni to ‘10” 1 ‘1’“ 11". threeeatalogu. Pleaseaak hr the one you want. 276- 16 j i I THE MICHIGAN FARMEVR. ElliIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIHIIIHI|IIIIIIiIIIIIIIIIllII|IIIIIIIII||IIIIIIIllIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIlllIIIIIIIIHIIIIIII||IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIE IIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIII ElllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|||||I|IIIIIII||IIII|||IIIIlIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllilIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIII||IllIllIIIIIIIIIIll||IIIIIIIIIIIIII!|Ill|IIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIII|||||Ill|IIHIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIllIIIIIIII|I||IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIEI Farm Commerce. 5 Distributing Michigan’s Bean Crop HE growing of the bean crop in all its phases has been from time to time discussed in the Michigan Eamon and it may be of interest to fol- low the crop in its distribution to the consumer. The Michigan Bean Jobbers’ Associa- tion, that is the association of elevator operators, occupies this field and in a somewhat different way than grains, that is, wheat, corn and oats, are bought and sold. With the beans the elevators are in some ways like a manufacturing plant preparing them for ultimate consumption. Wheat, for example, goes to the mills from the elevator, while with beans the process of cleaning, sorting and making the product ready for cooking is done at the elevators. The distribution of the beans is in cotton bags to the jobber, wholesale grocer, and finally from one bag to a carload to the retail trade. The standardization of grades seems necessary. In fact, before any two per- sons can agree on the merits of merchan- dise ”there must be some common stan- dard in mind. The “bete noire” of the bean dealer is Wet beans, just as the wet harvest that contributed to this cause was the evil thing to the grower. It is doubtful if the damage resulting from an excess of mois- ture in the bean can ever be rectified. That is, even if chemical changes do not occur and depreciate the food value. The heads of the leading concerns who prepare the delicious canned pork and beans res- olutely reque to receive or use anything but the best grade of beans for this rea- son. The added expense of canning, ad— vertising, etc., will not allow low grade stock to be used. The logic is that the occasional find of an inferior can is an expensive offset to public favor. Since the handling of beans through the elevator is so much slower than the hand- ling of grains and the distribution direct- ly to the trade in the sense that corn and wheat are stored in large central elevators and not sold to the ultimate consumer the bean market is easily congested and falling prices ensue. The law of supply and demand, not the wide supply and de- mand of production and consumption, but the Supply as limited by the ability of the producer and manufacturer to pre- pare for distribution, fixes prices. When their ability to prepare is exceeded prices slump. To use the common expression, the market is weak and the buyer is beariSh and to add to this a falling mar- ‘ket sometimes has the paradoxical effect of stimulating deliveries in order to “get out from under” before the price goes lower. Last year when the elevators were crowded there were seven hundred cars of beans ready to be thrown on the mar- ket when the Bean Jobbers’ Association took them over and held them off the market and avoided one of the most dis- astrous panics in beans and a great low- ering of prices from which it would have been hard to recover.’ While this con— certed action was primarily effective in saving the price of beans already bought it necessarily maintained the price of thousands of bushels in the bins on the farm. It is doubtful if there are any very ac- curate statistics, but in a general way Michigan produces 75 per cent of the common white beans of the United States. The crop brings in 10 to 12 millions of dollars to the bean growers annually and is one of the distinctly cash crops of this state. “’hen one understands the condi- tions of growing and marketing, it is lit- tle wonder that a prominent elevator man said that the farmers had the price mak- ing of this crop in their own hands. The conditions surrounding this year’s crop is about as follows: Last year’s crop is well cleaned‘ up. with everybody, from grower to retailer, heartily glad, for it was, as a whole, very unsatisfactory. There will be no European surplus since the Balkan war and a poor crop in Aus- tria are- definite and deciding factors. Meats of all kinds are high and, owing to the drouth will be higher. Potatoes are a short crop and the prices of meat and potatoes will be comparat'vely higher than beans have ever been since they became a commercial crop of importance. An- other small item is the expected high quality of this year’s crop which quality stimplates consumption, just as last year‘s inferior quality retarded consump- tion. This year’s crop is variously esti- mated at from six to eight million bush- els. The word “estimate” may mean a little more accuracy than the word “guess,” but any estimate this year is but a guess. Dry weather has cut into the yield in the southern counties, also anthracnose. The northern and eastern sections of the state in many places pi’OITliSe abundant crops of beans. The acreage is large and reaches into territory never before distinctly given over to bean production. Shiawassee CO. JAS. N. MCBRIDE. IlilIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllllllllllllIIIlIIIIIlllllllllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIli|IIIIIIIIIllIlIIlllIIIlHIIIIIIHlllIIIlllllllllllllillllllIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIHIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllI|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIII In Quest of a Special Market. ‘ T is a well known fact that in order I to get the most remunerative prices for various farm products, it is nec- essary to get a special market. We all know that in the case of fruits, butter, eggs and the like, the middleman gets a laz'ssu share of the profits which rightfully being to us. In order to obviate this difficulty We must reach the consumer. There are various classes of consum- ers. Some of them are willing to haggle for hours in order to get a reduction of one cent upon a dozen eggs. Others want you to carry their butter around to their dCor, weigh it out and want you to take less than the regular grocery price. It is this class of people which drives most farmers to sell to their grocery store. Even if the groceryman makes a 50 per cent profit off them, they are of the opin— ion that he earns it when selling to such a class of trade. But it should always be remembe“ed that there are people who will treat you right for the sake of obtaining farm pro- ducts which are perfectly fresh. It should also be remembered that this class is al- ways willing to put up theprice which will gIVe them such goods. “’ith these people, the small farmer,has a great chance to get maximum prices for but— ter. eggs, fruit, apple-butter, vegetables. lard, sansage, cottage cheese, and the like. His opportunity comes not only with his ability to successfully market his own goods; but he likewise has the chance to make money off“ those of his neighbor. A short time ago, I met a man who lives 15 miles from an Ohio city of 60.000 inhabi- tants. About 16 years ago he began to build up a private trade amOng the weal- thy reSidents of that city. He made one trip a week, taking his own butter and eggs along with some of his neighbors. Gradually, he began to raise strawberries and a little fruit. Now he ships his stuff by trolley, hires a buggy in which to make his final delivery. During the past year he received 45 cents for butter in winter and 35 cents in summer. ‘At the time I talked with him he got 13 cents‘per pound in excess of the regular retail price. He received proportionately high prices for eggs and the other products which he sold. Of course, he had to take care to keep everything up to a high standard but he was making big money at it. He (lid not think that he was demeaning himself because his customers treated him as they should. He receiVed cash for everything and the week’s marketing hardly required a day’s work. But for the man who is unwilling to do this house to house canvassing. there is still another means of reaching the high- grade and discriminating trade. Hotels and reS‘taurants are always willing to pay a little better than the ordinary dealer in order to get strictly gilt edge food pro- ducts. A cousin of mine. a dairyman, has a contract with a New York hotel which takes all his butter at most remunerative prices. I am told that this method of dis- posing of dairy products is very common among dairymen. My next door neighbor supplies a restaurant with cream at, a price that is 15 cents per gallon in excess of regular rates. - ' This is not all. The paying trade can be reached through the commission men, provided you have products worthy of special notice. A well known strawberry grower was lately telling me of his meth- ods. A few years ago, three and one-half acres of strawberries brought him $2.300. That’s a long tale. but the strangest thing about it is that it is true. Last summer, while his neighbors were getting from $2 to $2.50 for berries, he received $3.50. You will think less of my capacity for telling the truth when I tell you that he sent them to a commission house. The reason lies in this. He has grown strawberries for 18 years. He has become -a specialist and his berries show it. He pays two cents per quart for picking and has them picked the way he desires. He packs honestly and in the same kind of crateS. He sorts his berries. The crates containing the seconds are stamped with his number. The choice berries are put in good looking crates which bear the name of his farm. his name and address. He shipped to Pittsburg; but even in that large city his product has gained such a reputation that he always gets at least a dollar per bushel more than his neighbors who do not aim at the high-paying cus- tomers. Ohio. CLYDE A. WAUGH. MARKETING STORAGE APPLES. Apples which ripen in the summer and autumn require prompt attention. They should be immediately marketed, made into cider or evaporated. Provided they have been carefully picked, sorted, and packed, they will often remain uninjured by rots and ‘decay for several days, and may be shipped quite a distance with safety, but they must be handled with far greater dispatch than are the later apples. So it is usually rather unprofit- able for the farmer to grow early per- ishable varieties unless he has a home market to supply. One of the chief values of cold storage is that the farmer or seller is not at the mercy of dealers and he can market his fruit at a season when the markets are not flush. When one has early winter varieties, it often pays to hold them until the market becomes steady but it is hard- ly advisable to hold them after freezing weather sets in, as so many dangers are encountered. “'hen the fruit is in prime condition, other things being equal, it will bring the highest price as far as economy is concerned. There is no certainty of getting a higher price by waiting for an advance. The advance may come and again it may not. If the fruit has to be held any great length of time. it will require re-assort- ing to fit it for market, and many times the loss in stock will be greater than the gain in advanced price, due to rot or shrinkage. However, with the late va- rieties, they are usually ready to market at such a time When the trade is over- loaded. In this case, there is a chance to gain by holding the stock for a while until the glut is relieved. Most growers deem it advisable, if a paying market is at hand, even at small margins of profit, to get rid of the crop and thus avoid any losses which might be caused by rot or shrinkage; also the probability of the ad— ditional expense of re-assorting. Ingham Co. I. J. MATHEWS. SHIPPING FRUIT BY MAIL. The new parcel post rules may mean a new era for the fruit grower and for con- sumers in the cities as well. Growers of southwestern. Michigan. who are close to Chicago,'as well as other large and grow- ing.centers, have been trying out in a small way the shipment of peaches in small packages to private customers in Chicago with pleasing results and it is expected by next season the system will be perfected and a big trade will develop by mail. The middlemen in this case must look up other jobs. Growers will select suitable packages and. attractive labels and will work up mail order lists of custOmers, delivering the fresh fruit promptly at their homes, while the mon- ey that has been goingto‘the middlemen will be shared between producer and con- sumer. Postmaster Needham, of St. Jos- eph county, says: “The plan is practical. Chicagoans are always anxious to receive fresh fruit direct from the orchards and will pay a reaSOnable price for it. The farmer with an eye to business can find all the customers he wants in. marketing his fruit by mail. The parcel post is both safe and prompt in handling such busi- ness and the rate from this city to Chi- cago is comparatively cheap. There is no reason Why every grower should not take advantage of this opportunity. He has SEPT. 27, 1913 i not awakened to the possibilities'and when he does great velumes of produce will go through this lofilce to Chicago. ‘ In' making shipments the farmer should put up the product in light but firm packages so as to get within the lowest weight limit. W'ithin another season I look for a great boom in this class of business.” Kent Co. ’ A. GRIFFEN. DIRECT SELLING IS BEING ENCOUR- AGED. When these columns were being'used to impress upon readers the economy to be found in selling all the farm products possible direct to the consumer, we were a little anxious. We had the utmost faith in the principle of direct selling of such products as are ready for the consumer when they leave the farm, for we had giVen it an extensive trial beforehand, and the experience of a host of producers and consumers since testifies that our faith was not misdirected; but our anxiety is- sued from the uncertainty as to how the plan outlined would be received. Fortunately we were not disappointed. Many who see clearly the trend of events and undertake to warn and direct others who may be unable to see, or possibly less concerned.‘ are disregarded and even taunted for their zeal. The pathway along which the race has marched from the dark ages of the past to this present en- lightened era is dotted with such unSel- fish lives whose services were not appre- ciated till long years had passed. But in this instance results have come soon and in fuller measure than we had reason to hope. Not only has there been large numbers of producers and consumers brought together as the direct result of the publicity given the plan. but certain large express companies are now offering to assist in making the scheme more com- prehensive and effective. Should their promises be fulfilled great inroads will be made in the business of the middlemen. The plan of the express companies is to receive orders from consumers, forward them to producers who fill out the orders and express same to the consumers or- dering. The plan eliminates the middle- men. Producers can sell as individuals or as organizations and consumers may buy in either manner also. The express companies provide the way for getting the two classes together. While the idea is still new several companies have prom- lsed to give the scheme a thorough trial. In the event. however, that the express companies fail to advance the practice as far as they now anticipate, the producer and the conSumer of high-class goods es- pecially, are finding a new servant in the parcel post system which, since the zones have been extended, is meeting with such favor that its limitations ought to be still further extended and its cost reduced. Even under its present provisions a large number of Michigan producers are find— ing a very satisfactory avenue for mak- ing sales direct through its aid. The ser- vice is prompt. It reaches from the farm- er’s home to the consumer’s home and for these reasons the cost is not so ob- jectionable. Hence, for those products that can be handled the parcel post is a promising means of distribution. In all it seems that direct selling has a most promising future. ,The experience of practically all who have reported, indi- cates greater satisfaction than was ex— pected, and the favorable way in which the plan is appealing to the leaders of commercial activities nurtures hope for larger things to come. LIVE STOCK NEWS. Frank Hastings, manager of the S. M. S. Ranch, of Texas, brings the encourag- ing word that cattle shortage as it ex- ists in the United States now will be ov- ercome within the next few years. He Says: “Texas, the natural cattle breed- ing country of the world will be a prom- inent factor in the reconstruction. In the II. years I have managed the S. M. S. Ranch conditions were never more prom— ising in Texas than at the present time. In the last decade there has been 3 won- dcrful change but that change has been for the better. Cattle have been graded up, modern methods have been adopted and Texas now is capable of doubling its cattle output.” The “vest pocket” ranch- men, a term which Mr. Hastings says. is applied to the small outfits to distinguish them from the big ones, is going to cut an important figure in increased ,output. The “vest pocket” ra‘nchman, he says. is getting one to five sections of ground. On that he will be able to carry 100 to 125 head of cattle to the section, whereas, formerly only about 40 head were held. His method will be to raise forage crops. use silos and fatten cattle. 'I‘he demand for beef is Such that increased pro- duction is necessary, and while the prices will never be low again. the acute short- age now existin'g shows that it carries the elements of increased production. ‘ - ”fins.“ . :31 a . gfmnwflyto-m, “My. mm}, . . “Ne-m, ms sum. 27, 1.913.. ‘ FREE MILK AND CREAM TESTS. Every farmer and dairyman now sub- Scribing to the Michigan Farmer should know that he can get an accurate test made of his cream or milk, by Sending a sample to the "Michigan Farmer" lab- oratories, 674 Woodward avenue, Detroit, Michigan. - If you wish to avail yourself of this ser- vice, have a sample of the cream or milk taken that is satisfactory to you and the buyer, put it in a wide-mouthed bottle, cork tightly, enclose in mailing case and send by parcel post to the above address. (See page 240 of September 20 issue of ' The Farmer for further particulars). In case you do not haVe bottle and a mailing case we can furnish them both to you at cost, which is 10 cents in stamps, and this includes postage to you. Or we will send you mailing case alone for six cents in stamps. Remember, you can use any suitable bottle and mailing case if you desire. We have simply made arrangements with a. large concern to furnish the 'mailing case and bottles at cost for the convenience of our readers. It is the aim of the Michigan Farmer to be helpful to its subscribers, and we have instituted this service that our read- ers may have an opportunity to learn if they are getting a “square deal" from their cream or milk dealers. CROP AND MARKET NOTES. Lapeer 00., Sept. 21.——On September 13 a very hard fr05t occurred, which froze ice one-eighth of an inch in thickness. Corn, potatoes and other vegetation were damaged. Some corn was matured, while many fields were not. Lots of corn was out last week and some are digging out their potatoes before they are ripe, re— gardless of their green condition. Today, September 31. is a very cold change. nearly cold enough to snow. \Ve drilled in our wheat the 15th. There is lots of seeding to do yet which will be mainly rye. 'Lots of corn to out yet. Some are pressing their hay now. Lots of second crop clover has been left for seed which seem to be quite well filled. The apple crop, although very light, does not bring the prices it should. Clover and grass seeding very poor. Farmers upon thresh- ing the bean crop. do not find a very heavy crop but a nice Sample generally. Mecocta 00., Sept. 17.—A much needed rain came Monday evening and lasted un- til this morning. The late planted pota- toes will be greatly helped, but the ear- lier of the late crop are so far along that it is rather doubtful as_to whether they will be helped or not. Corn is nearly all cut. which is the best crop here in a. number of years, if ever so good. Beans are a. good crop. Not many winter ap- ples. Scarcely any live stock for sale at any price. Hlllsdale 00., Sept. lie—The dry weath- er which has predominated in this sec- tion since the last of May, still contin- ues. The drought is unprecedented in this county, in its prolonged and Wide- spread destructiveness—there being no crop during the entire season not affect— ed by it. A light rain, today, was Wel- comed by those who have wheat ground plowed, as it seemed doubtful whether or not the seed would grow. Owing to diffi- culty in plowing, less wheat will be sown than would otherwise be the case. Corn cutting came early, and using the splen- did showing of the last of June as a standard. the crop is less than half what it would have been had there been plen- ty of rain. New seeding has been de- stroyed, in almost every instance. In those townships where cabbage and to- matoes are grown extensively, the pro- ducts have suffered from the dry weath- er. The cabbage crop lacks but little of being a total failure. The tomatoes, al- though standing the drought remarkably well, are rotting by the hundreds of bush- els, before ripening, thus cutting_down the yicld to something like a third of what it ought to be, The rot is attributed by growers, to dry weather conditions. A falr~sized peach crop is being harvested, but apples for winter promise to be few, many of the winter varieties having al- ready fallen from the trees as a result of tatoes will be less than half a crop. Bee keepers in this section have done well this season, and the clover seed crop is the best in a number of years, the yield being heavy wherever there was a. stand of clover. Livingston 00., Sept. 22.—The weather for the past week has been very unfav- orable for harvesting beans but the largest share was secured before the rain. A heavy frost on the night of the 13th did much damage to late potatoes and corn as but little corn was cut be- fore the frost. There will be a fair av- erage of wheat sowu this fall. More silos have been erected than ever before. Farmers are beginnng to realize what a. wonderful feed ensilage is for cows and as this is a dairy county the near future will probably see more Silos in this coun~ ty than in any other in the state. Wisconsin. Pierce 00.. Sept. 16.——The small grain is nearly all threshed. Wisconsin has been blessed by more than normal crops in yield and quality. except 'm barley_ Our corn 'CI‘OD now in the shock without any touch of ”at: is ten per cent over the average. All root crops are good_ The early apple crops could not all be mar- keted. Much extra grass growth has been turned into money by feeding cows and steers. Sheep kept in too shady pastures THE MICHIGAN FARM'ER are below normal in growth and condi- tion. The cholera has not deStroyed the hog industry and most herds have not been affected. There- is a. disposition to pool many productions while buying in Car lots by‘nearby neighbors is the rule. The building of silos is epidemic. Con- crete being the leading material. Alfalfa fields are increasing in number. VViscon- sin is not subject to droughts but the experience of Kansas friends teaches even the Wisconsin dairy farmer that safety demands the planting of alfalfa. Wausahara 00., Sept. 17.—The severe drouth was broken by copious rains the 16th. This will yet benefit late potatoes, but some irreparable reduction in the yield already. Corn a good crop. Early sown buckwheat blighted badly, but late sown is filling well. Threshing nearly finished, and yield of oats and rye fair only. Good hay crop with a full harvest of cornstalks insures the carrying through the winter of a full 100 per cent of live stock. Ohio. Warren 00.. Sept. 15.———Cooler weather, but drouth continues; threshing all done; wheat an average crop; oats almost a failure. Pastures dried up; spring seed- ing of grass very badly killed. Corn cut- ting and clover hulling in progress; large acreage of clover; corn about 50 per cent of a crop; early potatoes 3. fair yield, late ones a failure. Apples about one- third of a crop but ripening and falling prematurely. Following are local prices: Corn $1 per cwt; wheat 88c; oats 43c; hay, timothy, $12; alfalfa, $18; potatoes $1; hogs $8; butter 270; eggs 250. Hardin 00., Sept. 17.—Have been havr ing some very cool weather the past week. Some frost in the marshes that froze the potatoes and corn some on the muck land. Corn will be a fair crop through here if frost holds off a few days yet. The early corn is being cut at pres- ent, and some seeding being done. nobody seems to be sowing any great amount of grain this fall and it is mostly corn ground to be sown. Some real estate changing hands in spite of the high price of land. Plenty of cholera in all directions. Cows in great demand. Eggs 23c; cream 31c; peaches $2 per bu. Carroll 00., Sept. 22.—Farmers starting to cut corn. Some of the corn has been “nipped” by the frost already. Not many pumpkins this year. There are still a few fields to be sowed to wheat and rye. The apple crop is rather poor this fall. The potato crop isn’t very good, it was too dry for them last summer. “'e are having pretty wet and cool weather. Indiana. Tipplcanoe 00., Sept. 21.-—A hail storm that passed through this section about the time the tassels were formed on the conrstalk, completely ruined the crop. Very few fully developed cars can be found. Silo filling was completed this week. Wheat sowing has begun and the late rains helped in germinating the seed. The apple crop was a good crop before the hail struck it but a great many ap- ples were injured and knocked off the trees. Eggs are selling at 23c; country butter 25c; spring chickens 140; old hens 13c; geet‘e 100: turkeys 16@17c; lard 12c; hogs $8.90@9.10; choice lambs. $4@7. Franklin 00., Sept. 22.——~Drouth broken, heavy rain the 20th; will benefit pastures and late vegetables only. “’heat thresh— ing over, yield about 20 bu..' quality good. Oat yield very light; potato crop almost a failure. Very little plowing done- for wheat. too dry. Corn cutting in pro- greé‘s; ripening very unevenly. Will be about half a crop, quality fair to good. Some wheat sown: mo7e silos being filled than usual; clover seed good, making about two bushels; acreage limited. Fruit crop a failure from severe freeze in the Spring. Hog cholera is abroad in, the county again. having broken out at the state fair at Columbus. N ebracka. Dawson 00., Sept. 17.—August was an extremely hot and dry month with hard.- ly any rain since July 3. Many silos have been built and filled and meet of the re- maining corn has dried up. This drouth is fully as severe as ihe one in 1894. Small grain will yield about a half crop. Alfalfa is about the only thing that is able to cope with the Weather. The mean temperature for the month of August was 77 dogs. compared with a normal of 72 dogs. for a 38-year average. Extremes were 103 deg“. and 49 dogs. Precipitation was .93 of an inch, compared with a nor— mal of 2.46 inches. Hitchcock 00., Sept. 16.—Crops have suffered from drouth but people have rais- ed enough for seed and feed and have plenty of roughness to take their stock through the winter. Corn cutting is done and silos are filled. Some fields of corn will make a. fair yield. Farmers are seed- ing wheat. YVe had a nice rain on the 16th of this month. The weather is turn- ing cool and we are liable to have frost any time. A number of public sales are held through the county. \that 71c; com 850; barley 600; hogs $7: eggs 15c; butter-fat 25c; potatoes $1.25. Cats 00., Sept. 15.—Weather is now cooler. The record for heat has been broken this year. nine days in July. 15 days in AUEUSL six days in September. above 100 degs. Hottest day 109 degS. on July 16. No rain since July 27. Corn crop very poor. Threshing mostly finished. ”W'inter wheat made from 25 to 50 bu. ”Spring wheat 10 to 20 bu. Oats 25 to 60 bu. Last cutting of hay light crop. Po— tatoes small and poor yield. Apples third of a crop. Pastures short, cattle are be- ing fed. Stock of all kinds look fair and in healthy condition. Silos are being filled and considerable corn being cut for fed. Local markets; Wheat 75c; corn, 750; oats 40c: cattle 3@5c; hogs 7@71;§c; hay, baled, $10: potatoes 90c: apples 75c; butter 25c; butter-fat 260; eggs 200. Kansas. Marlon 00., Sept. 15.——Very little corn (Continued on page 279). . Costs Little- Improves MHCI’ 0V8 1'. Varnishes colors. tint you want. you wish for. IXING-UP time around home—that should be the farm slogan now that the harvest rush is Woodwork looking a little dull; floors showing the hard wear they have received; upstairs that enamel bed needing a little touching up? Or perhaps you are wondering if you could not do over some old piece of furniture? Or how about taking OE that unsanitary Wall paper? Have you thought about the beauty of fresh painted walls? You can do wonders about the home, working at odd times, and you will enjoy painting if you use ACME ,‘W- QUALITY Paints, Enamels, Stains, Come all ready to use, in cans from half pints up, and such a splendid variety of You can find exactly the shade or If you want to get a few hints about home beautifying that are simple and practical, send for our free books, Acme Quality Painting Guide and “Home Decorating." These Two Great Books Free They tell you what to use and where, inside as well as outside the house, how much is needed and how to get the beautiful eficc ts These books are for the man or woman who expects to do or lookafterthe painting. Write for them. Acme White Lead and Color Works Dept. AA, Detroit, Michigan the llllllllllll” ‘ I r , WM: I!" I I I’ We Boston Nashville Spokane Chicago Birmingham 'lr‘acoma Minneapolis Fort Worth Portland . ou’s Da San Francisco . _..:> " 2- Pittsburgh Topeka so: Angcics . ' Cinc‘nnau ...incoln l‘ 018.0 ' Toledo Salt Lake City The Toughest, Strongest, Longest Wearing Rubber Boot, That’s + Why They Are So Popular Here is a boot made by the largest Rubber Company in the world, that you will find hard to peel, tear or crack. It’s made to meet every demand you at it to; and the satisfaction that it is giving t ousands of farmers is proof that it will satisfy you. There are ten thousand “Elephant Head” Rubber Boots being sold a day. {NSOCKET A ' A ' Insist upon “Elephant Head” Brand Rubber Boots. Made of the Best Grade of Fine Para Rubber. -made of extra strong duck. ——reinforccd at every point. All the best dealers carry “Elephant 'Hcad" Brand Rubber Boots in all lengths and you can depend on them to carry the best of everything. WOONSOCKET RUBBER CO. Woonsoclket, R. l. DRNN TILE Use NATCO Tile ~They Last Forever Farm drainage needs durable tile. Our drain tile are made of best Ohio clay, thoroughly hard d. replaced every few years. Write for prices. Also manufacturers of the famous NA’I‘CO IMPERISHABLE ‘ SILO, Building Blocks and Sewer Pipe. NATIONAL nu rnoo'rmc COMPANY. Fulton building rirrsnunc. PA. Don't have to dig 'em up to be Sold in carload lots. . 27414 ,, 278— 18 Ell“llllllililllllllllllll|lllllIIllllllllllllll|IllilllllIllllllllIlIlIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllllllllllifil‘l Markets. Ell"IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllll|lllllllIIIIll||l||Ill|Illli||I||||I|I|IlIllllll||III|UIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIII GRAINS AND SEEDS. ' September 24, 1913. Wheat—The market is a little easier than it was one week ago. Several fac- tors have worked together to bring about this result, chief among which is the heavy deliveries of spring wheat in the northwestern states and in Canada where primary receipts far exceed those for the corresponding period of a year ago. The Other factors are heavy offerings to the European trade by Russia, bearish news from Argentine and Australia and a lib- eral increase in the European visible sup- ply. There is also a small demand from millers who are not receiving liberad or- ders for ilour. On the other hand, the offerings of winter wheat in this country are unusually small. Michigan farmers as well as others. are very backward about marketing. They seem to believe that at present prices wheat furnishes the race with the cheapest food it can get and f0r this reason they do not believe that values can sag far below the present range of prices. There is also some un- certainty about the. political outlook as to letting Canadian wheat into this coun- try free of duty. a condition that is keep- ing many buyers out of the market and thus injuring the trade to the detriment of the sellers. One year ago the local price for No, 2 wheat was 351.05% per bu. Quotations for the past week are as fol- lows: No. 2 No. 1 Red. \Vhite. Dec. May. Thursday ““9411, 941/, 971,43 1.02%: Friday ....... 941,4 941/; 071/; 1.02%.: Saturday ..... 93 1% 93 34 961/; 1.01 1A; Monday ...... 931,; 931/; 96 1.01 Tuesday ..... 921/; 9231/; 05 1.00 Wednesday . ..92 92 941/; 991/9 Chicago, (Sept. 2:1).u-No. 2 red wheat, 91%6t‘93c; No. 3 red, 006102c; l)ec., 88c; May, 921/2c per bu. Corn.——'.l‘his trade is steady and values have not fallen below the lowest quota- tions of a Week ago. Frosts have been a detriment where the crop was late in maturing, but Michigan corn did not suf- fer to any great extent from this cause. The crop is being secured perhaps more quickly than usual. with the. majority of corn producing sections reporting a yield far below normal. The. price on this market one year ago was 740 per bu. for N0. 3 corn. Quotations for the past week are as follows: No. 2 No. 3 Yellow Yell,ow. Thursday ...... 771/2 77 Friday ........ . . . . ....... 771/2 77 Saturday ......... . . . ..... 771/2 77 lVIonday ..... . .......... . . 771/6 77 Tuesday .................. 77 761,5 Wednesday 76%; 76 Chicago, (Sept. 2:}).—No. 2 corn, 743/4617 751/2c; No. 2 white. 7561‘75%c; Dec, 717,1;c; May, 73c per bu. Oats—The basis of this deal remains on practically last week's level. (in the lo- cal market there is a fair demand for the cereal, while receipts are running light. Farmers are delivering the grain slowly. One year ago standard oats were quoted here at 38c per bu. Quotations for the past week are as follows: Standard. White. Thursday ................ 44 1/2 44 Thursday ............ 44 431/; Friday ..... ....... ........ 441/2 44 Saturday ................. 441/2 44 Monday .................. 44 1A; 44 Tuesday ...... . ........... 441/; 44 Wednesday ............... 441/2 44 Chicago, (Sept. 23).—No. 3 white. 411/2 6142c; standard. 421361‘1421/éc; Dec, 42%c; May, 460 per bu. Beans.—The market is unchanged and inactive. There is a mode-rate demand for the legume. '\\'hile threshing contin- ues throughout the bean producing coun- ties of the state, expected yields are not being secured. The quality of the new crop is good, however. immediate and prompt shipment are nominally quoted at $1.85 per bu., an advance of 5c over last week. Chicago, (Sept. 21:).sBean values have advanced and hand-picked pe-i beans, choice, are now quoted at $2602.10 per bu; red kidneys. $2.25612.30; white kid— neys, $3 per bu. Rye.—~Rye values sagged 11th the past week. No. 2 rye now being quoted at 68c per bu. At Chicago the price is a shade lower“. with the same grade quotel at 661/36167c per bu. Barley.wBarlny is in fair demand: one carload sold Monday at $1.50 per cwt. ..\t Chicago the price ranges from 60617 82c per bn.. while at Milwaukee the range is f om 6767.82e per bu. Clever- Seed—«Common seed suffered a decline the past week. while alsike con— tinues steady. Quotations at Detroit are for prime October seed, $680; 1190., $6.90: May. $7.05 per bu: October alsike $10.25 per bu. At Toledo prime cash is quoted at $7; Oct. $6.90: Dec. $6.95: prime al- sike cash is $11: Oct. $10.20 per bu. Alfalfa 'Seed.——Prime spot is quoted at $7.50 per bu. Timothy Seed—«Sales were made Tues— day at $2.50 per bu. for prime spot. which is 10c below the price quoted the previous week. FLOUR AND FEEDS. Flour.——Jobbing lots in 1,4 paper sack! are selling on the Detroit mnrknt ner 196 lbs. as follows: Best patent. $5.40: sec— ond. $5.10; straight. $4.90: snring patent, *5 1"; rvA flour, $4.60 per 11h], iTeam—Tn 100-lb. sacks. jabbing lots: Bran, $26; coarse middlings. $27; fine \ THE MICHIGAN:FARMERI middlings, $29; cracked corn,.$33; coarse corn meal, $31; corn and oat chop, $27.50 per t0n. ’ Hay.——Condition of deal is.unchanged. Carlots on the track ,at-Detroit are: No. 1 timothy, $16@16.50; standard, $15@15.50; No. 2, $146014.50; light .miqu. $15@15.50; No. 1 mixed, $13.50@‘14, . " ’- Chicago.—Good ,market. Demand good frr timothy pa:tic‘ularly. Supply light. Choice timothy quoted at $18@18.50 per ton; No. 1, $16.50fi11750; No, 2. 551561216. New York.——Market easy with prices a shade lower. BeSt demand is for good timothy. Larke baled. No. 1 timothy. $21; *ttandard, $20: light clover mixed, $19; heavy mixed, $17 per ton. Straw.——Detroit.—Ste-1dy. Rye, $8.6M; wheat and oat straw, $7617.50 per ton. Chicago~Quot1ble steady as follows: Rye, $7667.50: oat, $6606.50; wheat. $66.!) 6.50. New York.~rStcady. New rye straw, $17 per ton. - DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS. Batten—”Quotably firm” is the term much used this week in describing the butter market. Quotations show no ap- preciable change at any point. but there are evidences of considerable shading where goods are not strictly up to grade. Locally, all kinds are moderately active with the better qualities moving best. Quotations are: Extra creamery, 310 per lb; firstS, 30c; dairy, 220; packing stock, 200 per lb. .Elgin.-—Market firm at 310 per lb. Chicago—This market is quiet, more so than at last‘week's close. Fancy makes are reasonably firm and medium grades steady, while many of the lower grades are petty much neglected. Packing stock in good demand and there is a fair call for dairies. Quotations: Extra cream- ery. 31c; extra firsts, 29fi30c; fir ts. 251,!3 61 261/10; secondS, 24%6E25c; ladies, 231/267) 24c; packing stock, 22%61‘23c. New York.——An easier tone was appar- ent at last week’s close, ne-irly all classes (it stock showing some accumulations to be caLried over to this week. So far this week the market is holding steady, last week’s figures ruling. Quotations: (‘,.eamery extras, 326i321éc; firsts, 28156!) 31c; seconds, 266D271,éc: state dairy, fin— est, 306ii3lc; good to prime, 276L‘29c; c0m— mon to fair. 246j261/2c; packing, 206L24c as to quality. Eggs—Although offerings are showing something of an increase and some im- provement in quality at most points, de- sirable grades continue in good request at advancing values. The local market is unchanged. Current offerings. candied. quoted at 24c per dozen. Chicago.——Strictly fresh laid stock very active. All grades show an advance of 1612c but outside figures rule only on ex- ceptional lots. Refrigerators are up an- other 1/20. Quotations are: Miscellaneous lots, cases included, 1661.24c, according to quality; (10., cases returned. 151/269 231/2c; ordinary firsts, 201,!z61i22c; firsts, 241/26125c; refrigerator stock in good de- mand at 236‘23léc for April firsts. New York—“5th quotations averaging 16020 higher, this market is somewhat irregular owing to a tendency toward ac— cumulation of average and medium qual- ities. Storage stock steady. Fresh gath- ered extras, 33(m36c: extra firsts, 316D32c; firsts, 286130c per (102; western gathered whites, 2861;38c per dozen. Poultry—Supplies pretty well cleaned up at last week's close. Demand suffi- cient to take care of current offerings and the market is firm at former values. Quotations are: Live—Springs, 16c: per lb; hens, 153/20: No, 2 hens, 116012c: old roosters. 1062711c: turkeys, 176718c; geese, 1161120: ducks. 146115c. Chicago—Market again well supplied and business showing greater activity. Fowls. and springs are getting closer to- gether, the former advancing 1&0 and the latter losing l/zc. Geese are quoted 1c higher. Condition of market considered good. Quotations on live are: Turkeys. good weight, 19c; others, 12c; fowls, gen- eral run. 150; spring chickens, 151/2c: ducks. 1.4c: geese, 86113c: guinea henS, $4 (of. per dozen. New York—«Steady to firm: values are practically unchanged. Fresh dressed western chickens, 1961240; fowls, 13m 19%0: turkeys. 1867200 Cheese._Market steady. last week’s fig- ures ruling. “'holesale lots, Michigan flats, 131/2fi14c; New York flats, 166D 161,6,c: biick cream, 17@171/3c; limburger. 141/361‘15c. FRUITS AND VEGETABLES. Apples—Apples are scarce and the de- mand is inc‘eas‘ng rapidly. Good grades rule from $363.50 per bbl., while poorer kinds, which constitute a large proportion of the bulk. are selling around $2 per bbl. At Chicago values rule from $25060 5 per bbl. Market is firmer with supplies inadcrpiatc. Grapes.~helawares and Niagaras Ono‘- ed at 4061450 per peck basket. At Chi- cago the market is fair with liberal offer- ings. General quotation 10W17c for 8-lb. baskets. . - Peaches.——Supply is small and of infer- ior quality, hffll‘ket is St‘VianI. Prices range from $1.506il.75 for choice and $2 ("‘2 25 for fancy \‘Vest. Michigan stock. Chicago prices rule from $1.256T2 per bu. Plums.——ln rather light supply. Quoted at $1.30601.75 per bu. Pearswvl‘lentifitl and selling at $15063 1.75 per bu: for Bartletts. Clapp’s Favor- ite 75c@$1.25 per bu. Potatoes—Market is steady. are anxious as offerings scarcely meet current demands. Prices rule at 90c per. bu. Receipts at Chicago showed a sharp increase last week of 30 cars more than for the corresponding week of 1912. but the trade absorbed the offerings without sagging. Trade is fairly active with Michigan stock going at 85@90c per bu. Tomatoes—Cold weather increases of- Buyers . ferings. Demand good. 75c@$1 per bu. ~ _ Cabbage.—Offerings larger and pricesa. shade l‘o’wer. Goodrguality quoted at $2@ 2.25 per bbl. . . PRICES ON DETROIT EASTERN MAR- KET. Tuesday was a big day on this market. The cold weather is forcing nearby farm- ers and gardeners to harvest perishable stuff. a considerable bulk of which is coming directly to the stalls. The ac- commodations were inadequate, but the produce moved well at satisfactory val- ues in most lines. Many buyers were pre ent. Tomatoes were in such large suppiy that the recent high quotations ft r the semen were cut and the bulk sold between 600 and $1 per bu; green to- matoes ranged from 3560600; potatoes, scarce and inferior in quality, sold at 750 6L$1.10; onions $1.25; cauliflower $1.60@2; endive 50; lettuce 356ii40c; peaches $161) 2.25 as to quality; pears $125602; apples, :carce at $1601.25: melons 65c; celery 300 for large bunch: hay is coming in slow; loose timothy and light mixed selling from $14@18 per ton. GRAND RAPIDS. An attendance of 650 people, and 425 loads of fruit and farm produce,- is the Tuesday morning record on the city mar- ket. On the fruit side the peaches were prominent. with 75 to 100 loads in sight, and prices ranged from $1.25@2.25 per bu. Bartlett pears are practically out and other varieties bring 90C61/$1.25. The sea- ron of plums is nearly over and the later kinds offe'ed bring $1.256IJ1.50. There are still many grapes to come, though the season promises to be shorter than usual on account of short crop and inferior quality. Grapes Sold on Tuesday’s mar— ket at 90c6ii$1 per bu. On the vegetable side there were liberal offerings of to- matoes, with sales ranging from 750647]. Some loads of potatoes were in sight. with sales at 75672850. Other prices were as follows: Celery 150 per doz; beans $1.50; cabbage $1: lettuce 50c; beets 500; water-melons 50c; muskmelons $16i1.50. Hay is in light supply and sales are re- ported at $206124. Bean dealers are quot- ing $1.60 for pea and $1.80 for red kidneys to fa:mers in this territory. THE LIVE STOCK TIREKETS. Buffalo. September 22, 1913. (Special Report of Dunning & StevenS, New York Central Stock Yards, East Buffalo. New York). Receipts of stock here today as follows: (Tattle 165 cars; hogs 90 double decks; sheep and lambs 80 double decks; calves 1300 head. \Vith 165 cars of cattle on our market here today, and 22.000 reported in Chi- cago, all grades of cattle of desirable quality sold fully strong to 106v15c per cwt. higher than last Monday. At the close, eyerything was well cleaned up except a few little trashy odds and ends of stockersfi “'8 quote: Best 1350 to 1500-lb. steers, $8.756r9.10;\best 1200 to 1300—lb. steers. $8.506T8.75; best 1100 to 1200-lb. steers, $8.25648.65; coarse and plain weighty steers, $750697 85; choice handy steers, 1000 to 1100, 5582561875; fair to good (10., $727,614.75; grassy 800 to 1000-lb. steers, $7607.50; best cows, $,6.756u7.25; butcher cows. $5.756L650; cutters, $450605; trim- mers, 3537560425; best heifers. $75069 8.25; medium butcher heifers, 5565060725; stock heifers, $5605.25; best feeding steers $7657.25; fair to gOOd (10.. 5562561650; common light stockerS, $5.506i6: best butcher hulls, 21167566725; best bologna bulls. $550616: stock bulls, $5615.50; best milkers and springers, $706280; common to good do.. $506060. Receipts of hogs today were moderate, about 90 double decks on sale; trade ac- tive and 56(10c higher on everything but pigs. This grade sold a strong quarter lower than Saturday. Few strong weight hOgs, weighing around 300 lbs., sold from $9fi‘9.25. with the bulk of the 250 to 275- lb. average from 5592561940; light mixed and .Vorkers $9.456179.55; pigs as to weight and quality, $7.506i‘8.25; light from $85060 0; roughs. $8618.25; stags $6.506i7. The sheep and lamb market was active today, with prices about 10c higher than the close of last week; most of the choice lambs selling from $7-656D7.75; yearlings $550616: look for about steady prices the balance of the week with moderate re- ceipts. \Ye quote: Choice lambs. $7.65@7.75; cull to fair lambs, $6697.50; yearlings. $5.506i6; bucks, $3683.25; wethers, $561) 5.25: handy ewes, $4.506?4.75; heavy do.. $4684.25; cull sheep, $3603.50; veals, Choice to extra. 5512611250: fair to good (10., $10 6011.50; heavy calves, . $5.50@8. Chlcago. September 22, 1913. Cattle. Hogs. Sheep. Received today ....20.000 35,000 53.000 Same‘day last year..23.‘847 23,225 48.631 Received last week..41.785 109.612 187.022 Same week last year.50133 99.833 152,631 Shipments from Chicago last week at:- gregated 16149 cattle. 37,079 hogs and 65,690 sheep and lambs. compared with 15,842 cattle. 18.470 hogs and 34.789 sheep and lambs for the same week last, year, the sheep and lamb shipments last week consisting largely of range feeding lambs. Cattle today are active ard steady for ordinary lots, while the'better class are selling at prices that show an upward tendency' 'Hogs’are fully a dime higher. with a strong demand at $790629 25. and one early sale was made of prime light hogs at‘ $9.30. Owing to the greatly in- creased proportion of light hogs and mere pigs received last week. the average weight of the hogs received fell off to 217 lbs.. comparing with 231 lbs. a Week ear- lier, 235 lbs. 9. year ago. 219 lbs. two years ago and 259 lbs. three years ago. Home-grown,‘ 37' , surname. The sheep market is steady today, with a good demand, but while feeding lambs are in active demand at steady prices, fat lambs are weak to a dime lewer, the best price paid up to a late hour being $7.40. Range lambs show more steadiness than natives. Cattle were marketed during last week in such greatly lessened numbers that sellers were able to make better terms for themselves, and advances took place all along the line, beef steers moving up from 15@35c,. while cows and heifers were 356L400 higher and bulls 40@500 higher. Beef steers sold chiefly at $8619.15; the poorer class of light-weight grassy steers fetching $7.10@8.25 and the best class of finished Steers $9609.30. Yearlings that were fat sold as well as much longer fed cattle. topping the market at $9.20@9.30 and steers weighing but 807 to 822 lbs. bringing $9.20. Medium class steers went at $8.306i78.70 and good lots at $8.75 and oetter. while butchering lots of cows and heifers were active sellers at $4.90@8.25, scattering sales taking place of prime heifers up to 5585060880. Cutters went at $4.156D4.85, canners at $3.2561‘4.10 and bulls at $490608. There was but a lim- ited amount of trading in st0ckers and feeders, as they were offered Very spar- ingly and prices advanced considerably, stock steers being salable at $5.50@7.65 and weighty feeders at $6.756: 7.90, with a few fancy feeders held as high as $8. XVeste-rn range cattle arrived in only fair numbers and advances in prices took place, there being few of the feeder class on the market. Most of the range steers went over the scales at $6.356: 8.65. There was much talk concerning the importa- tion of 1.000 quarters of Argentine dressed beef at the port of New York, the largest quantity ever brought over. \\'ith the duty of 1%c added. it cost 12c per lb. Calves have been offered sparingly and only about 800 calves ariived last Tues- day. known as ”calf day" at the stock yards. Prices experienced a decided boom, and calves sold at $5.506i12 per 100 lbs., according to quality, prime light vealers advancing most. Milkers and springers SOld moderately at $506D100 per head, with no call worth mentioning for poor ones. Hogs had some good advances in prices last week as a result of very much small— er supplies after Monday, the best hogs moving up to $9.15. Eastern shippers and local speculators operated freely all the way up. but the local packers refused to follow the sharpest advances, and at times sharp breaks occurred the same days when early sales were decidedly higher than those made the previous day. At such times a good many hogs had to be carried over unsold to the following day. The offerings embraced much increased numbers of pigs, these cominz: from (lis— tricts where hog cholera is prevailing to a serious extent. and prices for these de- clined sharply on some days when choice matured hogs were either firm or even a little higher in prices. There was all the time an extremely wide spread in prices between the moderate percentage of prime corn-fed butcher hogs on the light-weight order adapted for the eastern shipping de- mand and the numerous offerings of heavy packing sows of a coarse kind, and the latter were firSt to weaken usually and the last to sell higher. Fresh pork continues in excellent demand. and so do provisions, despite their dearness. The close of the week saw hogs sell at a range of $7.80609.15, largely at $8.05fi8.70, with select packing and shipping lots going at 558.20.629.15: stags brought 3183061880, boars $1fi3.25. pigs $4608.25, and throwout packing sows $7607.70. The government order compelling boars and recently cas- trated stags to go to the grease tanks is responsible for the collapse in prices for these. A week earlier, hogs sold at $7.45 (($8.90. Lambs and sheep sold as well last week as could be expected with such enormous supplies offered, the Monday run breaking all previous high records and footing up 57,605 head, fully three-fourths of which were lambs. There was a large general demand. low prices stimulating the call for live muttonS. while the requirements for the feeder trade were as liberal as ever, with especially large demands from Michigan and Ohio. The ranges furnish~ ed heavy supplies of lambs and sheep, with a good show of fat yearlings. As has been the prevailing rule, all along the de- mand centered strongly in fat lambs rath- er than in sheep, and lambs of desirable quality brought prices thatcomp-ired fav- orably with past Septembers. The close of the week saw lambs selling at $5616.50. yearlings at $4.756P5.60, wethers at $4.25 604.75, ewes at 3525060440 and bucks and stags at $3653.50. Feeders bought range lambs at $6666.60, yearlings at “75685.50. 2336‘?ch at $4.156?4.50 and ewes at $2.50 (I . ;). Horses are now in such improved gen— eral demand. the best sellers being work- ers. and more of the better class than are arriving could be disposed of at stiff prices. Late transactions cover sales of the best class of draft horses at a range of $25067350 per head. while the poorer class of horses sold sparingly around $85 6:125. Chunks that weigh from 1250 to 1350 lbs. go at 5518568250, and a fair class of horses sells around 31150611175. Nice weigoners are wanted at $500 a pair. LIVE STOCK NEWS. Roars and freshly castrated animals are condemned by the Chicago local bureau of inspection. and boars are selling for only $1633 per 100 lbs, about all of them going into the grease tanks. The follow- mg order was sent from “'ashington: “Bears and Stags—In the ante-mortem inspection of swine under the meat in- spection law all boars which are sexually matured and stags which show evidence of recent castration shall be tagged U. S. subiect, .and hereafter such animals and their carcasses shall be handled as provided by the regulations.” ”WW.” , . .. ”II. ._ Ma- . ,. 'x ‘r ..._ «as..- -1 .a a. w “.w a“--_._ .. ..—»_‘..t ....*_. - ,_ who} _, .. _. em. :7, 191:. True lS'THE FIRST eon-Ion. . In the first edition the Detroit Live Stock Markets are rebons of last week; all other markets are right up to date. Thursday’s , Detroit Live Stock markets are given in the last edition.« The first edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi- iion Friday morning. The first edition is mailed to those who care more to get the paper early than they do for Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock market report. You may have any edition desired. Subscrib- ers may change from one edition to an- other by dropping us a card to that efleot. DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS. Thursday’s Market. _ September 18, 1913. Cattle. Receipts, 1412. Market steady; ‘good active trade. We quote: Extra dry-fed steers and heifers, $8.25@8.50; steers and heifers, 1000 to 1200, $7.50@7.75; do. 800 to 1000, $7627.50; grass steers and heifers that are fat, 800 to 1000, $7@7.50; do. 500 to 700. $6@6.75; choice fat cows, $6,716.25; good do., $5.50@5.75; common do., $4.50@5.25; canners, $3@4; choice heavy bulls, $6@ 6.50; fair to good bolognas. bulls, $5.50@ 5.75; stock bulls, $5@5.25; choice feeding steers, 800 to 1000, $7@7.25; fair do., 800 to 1000. $6.50@7; choice stockers, 500 to 700, $6.50@7; fair stockers, 500 to 700,. 85.506116; stock heifers, $5@5.50; milkers, large, young, medium age, $60@85; com- mon milkers, $40@50. Haley &. M. sold Sullivan P. Co. 8 butchers av 702 at $6.25, 2 bulls av 615 at $5, 4 heifers av 717 at $6.10; to Payne 1 stocker weighing 430 at $5, 2 do av 515 at $6.20, 16 do av 567 at $6.20, 5 do. av 526 at $6; to Newton B. Co. 1 bull weigh- ing 1150 at $6, 1 do weighing 930 at $5.50. 1 do weighing 1200 at $6, 1 do weighing 630 at $5.50, 1 cow weighing 1100 at $5. 1 do weighing 790 at $4, 2 steers av 640 at $6.35. 3 do av 1070 at $6.15; to BreitenbeckZCows av 960 at $4.90; to Sul- livan P. Co. 5 butchers av 1064 at $6.75, 21 cows av 1060 at $6; to Cushman 12 stockers av 624 at $6.50; to Bowersox 5 feeders av 740 at $6.70, 6 stockers av 657 at $6.40. 1 do weighing 760 at $7I 1 bull weighing 590 at $5.50, 1 steer weighing 800 at $6.70; to Stump 2 feeders av 750 at $6.75; to .Applebaum 5 cows av 884 at $5.30; to Mason B. Co. 11 butchers av 773 at $6.75; to Goose 1 bull Weighing 1400-at $6.65; to Thompson Bros. 1 cow weighing 1210 at $5.25, 1 do weighing 1210 pt $6.25; to Grant 5 bulls av 750 at $5.40; to Marx 1 steer weighing 1.070 at $7.25; to Ratt- kowsky 2 bulls av 750 at $5.50. 4 cows av 892 at $4.75, 2 heifers av 500 at $5.75. 4 cows av 1005 at $5.60; to Bresnahnnv 6 stockers av 561 at $6; to Mason B. Co. ‘13 butchers av 771 at $6.80. Spicer & R. sold Hammond, S. & Co. 1 cow weighing 700 at $3.50; to Mason B. Co. 7 butchers av 594 at $6.35,. 2 do av 525 at $5.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 1 bull weighing 400 at $5.25, 4 cows and bulls av 1000 at $5.50, 4 steers av 845 at $6.60; to Halley 3 cows av 863 at $4; to Sweete 10 stockers av 633 at $6.25; to Newton B. Co. 1 steer weighing 830 at $5, 3 do av 850 at $7, 1 bull weighing 1040 at $6; to Thompson Bros. 1 cow weighing 950 at $6.25, 1 canner weighing 780 at $3.25; to Mich. B. Co. 28 butchers av 893 at $6.35; to Bresnahan 7 do av 646 at $6.25; to Rattkowsky 2 steers av 1580 at_$6, 5 butchers av 696 at $5.75, 1 cow weighing 830 at'$4.50; to Thompson Bros 2 cows av 1075 at $6. 2 cow and bull av 1050 at $6, 3 bulls av 543 at $5; to Sullivan P. Co. 1 cow weighing 920 at $5, 3 do av 927 t . aRoe Com. Co. sold Sullivan_P._ Co. 2 cows av 785 at $5.25. 1 do weighing 920 at $4.50, 1 do weighing 950 at $5.50: to Kull 16 steers av 866 at $7: to Sullivan P. Co. 28 butchers av 668 at $6.60, 13 cows 32v 910 at $5.75; to Torrey 27 stockers av 494 at $6.05; to Stump 18 feeders av 822 at 7.25; $6.25; to Mich. B. Co. 5 cows av 1010'at‘ $5.65, 6 do av 886 at $5.80, 1 do weighing 900 at $4.50, 4 butchers av 655 at $6.50. 20 steers av 1075 at $7 85: to Rattkowsky 2 bulls av 1.450 at $6.65. 4 do av 817 at $5.65. 1 cow weighing 830 at $4.50. 7 butchers av 824 at $5.50; to Hammond. S. & Co. 7 canners av 864 at $4. 2 bulls av 1270 at $6. 2 do av 1315 at $6, 3 cows av 897 at $4; to Austin 12 stockers av 576 at $6.40: to Kimball 8 do av 637 at $6.40. Bishop. B. & H. sold Sullivan P. Co. 4 cows av 990 at $5.50, 1 heifer weighing 510 at $6, 1 cow weighing 1220 at $6. 3 steers av 810 at $6.65, 2 do av 955 at $6.25; to Breitenbeck 3,4 butchers av 691. at $6.35; to Bowersox 7 stockcrs av 630 at $6 40; to Kamman B. Co. 21 butchers av 836 at $6.90; to Bresnahan 1 bull weighing 750 at $6, 8 heifers av 604 at $5.25; to Bret- tenbeck 12 cows av 1002 at $5, 1 do weighing 860 at $4; to Newton B. Co. 4 butchers av 662 at $5.50. 1 heifer weighing 730 at $7. 2 cows av 1205 at $6. 3 do av 947 at $4 75; to Powersox 4 stockers av 602 at $6.75: to Hammond. S. & Co. 2 cows av 1050 at $4.25. 1 do weighing 900 at $4. 2 canners av 950 at $3.75; to Bros- nahan 7 heifers av 560 at $6.15; to Sulli— van P. Go. 3 cows av ‘827 at $6. 1 bull weighing 1130 at $62 to Parker. W. & Co. 3 COWS 3" 743 at $4 2 do av 1030 at $5. 2 50 av 84" at $4. 3 canners av 853 at SRJ75: t0 ThOmDSOTl RV‘OS. 3 hwitchers av ‘20 at $4.50. 3 do av 977 at $5.75: to Jesse 2 feeders av 730 at $6.50: to Mason B. ”0- 1 half?“ weighing 660 at $6.25: to Rattkowsky 3 butchers av 666 at $5.50; to Brown 2 stockers av 650 at $650; to Rattkowsky 3 cows av 1227 at $5.90 2 butchers av 745 at $5.50. 3 cows av 1073 ”t 35-30- 4 <30 8" 835 at $4.75: to Sullivan P. Co. 5 do av 1006 at $5.50. 5 do av 926 3+ $4.50. Bohm sold Bresnahan 12 butchers av 627 at $6. 1 bull weighing 590 at 55, Same sold Gerish 6 bulls av 965 at $6, 24 steers av 871 at $7.15. Veal Calves. Receipts. 368. Market good. steady: heavy and grass grades $1 lower than last week. Best. $11@12; heavy. $7@9; _ grass, $5@6. to JeSSe 12 stockers av 591 at . TrHE‘ MICHIGAN FARME‘R' Haley 85-11. sold Parker. W. .3. Co. 1 weighing 170 at $12, 4 av 155 at $12. 1 weighing 370 at $7, 9 av 165 at $12.50, 2 av 155 at $12.50, 23 av 250 at $7; to New- ton B. Co. 1 weighing 250 at $8, 7 av 175 at $12, 1 weighing 1 0 at $10: to Apple- baum 15 av 325 at $6.60; to Mich. B. Co. 1 weighing 140 at $12, 3 av 185 at $7.50, 2 av 210 at $11. Sandal] sold Kull 2 av 135 at $12. Smith sold Sullivan P. Co. 1 weighing 160 at $12.. Kalaher sold same 2 av 210 at $12. Roe Com. Co. sold Goose 6 av 150 at $11.50, 8 av 275 at $6.50. Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. & Co. 3 av 180 at $12.50. 2 av 180 at $12 50, 4 av_ 200 at $11.50, 2 av 170 at $12.50, 2 av 260 at $6, 8 av 155 at $12. 6 av 225 at $7, 1 weighing 140 at $12.50; to Goose 3 av 275 at $7.50. 2 av 335, at $8. 4 av 200 at $12; to Newton R. Co. 4 av 155 at $12; to Rattner 3 av 330 at $9; to Rattkowsky 6 av 300 at $8.75; to Kull 6 av 140 at $12, 1 weighing 120 at $11; to Mich. B. Co. 5 av 165 at $9.50. 8 av 150 at $12, 8 av 200 at 11.75, 11 av 210 at $11; to Thompson -Bros. 2 av 230 at $6, 5 av 170 at $11.50, 4 av 145 at $8.50. Sheep and Lambs. Receipts. ~4161. , Market active at last week’s and Wednesday‘s prices. Best lambs, $7@7.25; fair to good lambs, $6.25 @675; light to common lambs, $5@6; yearlings, $5625.50; fair to.good sheep, $3.75@4.25: culls and common. $2.50@3. Bishop, . &‘ H. sold Hammond. S. & Co. 10 sheep av 107 at $4.25, 15 lambs av 75 at $7, 12 sheep av 125 at $3.25, 8 do av 95 at $3, 7 lambs av 60 at $6. 17 do av 60- at $6, 26 sheep av 115 at $4.25; to Sulli- van ‘P. Co. 63 lambs av 75 at $6.75. 37 do av 80 at $7. 11 do av 67 at $6. 17 do av 65 at $6. 30 do av 55 Ht $5.75, 12 yearlings av 75 at $5.50: to Nagle P. Co. 14 sheep av 110 at $3.75, 20 do av 120 at $3.75. 16 lambs av 80 at $6.75. 33 do av 83 at $7. 18 do av 90 at $7, 62 do av 75 :it $6.90; to Parker, 11'. & Co. 94 sheep av 88 at $3.25: to Newton R. Co. 13 do av 105 at $3.60; to Kull 21 lambs av 65 at $7; to Battkow‘ky 12 sheer) av 115 at $4; to Young 97 shoe-p av 85 at $3.50: to Mich. R. Co. 64 lambs av 78 at $7. 62 do av 70 at $6.90, 38 do av 57 at $7; to Bray 62 do av 65 at $6.60: to Mich. B. (‘0. 26 sheep av 110 at $3.75: to Hammond, S. & C0. 44 lambs av 80 at $7; to Hayes 12 do av 65 at $6.75; to Sullivan P. Co. 39 do av 55 at $6.25, 8 sheep av 80 at $3: to Bray 106 lambs av 75 at $7: to Fitzpfi’lrick Bros. 68 lambs av 82 at $7 25. Haley & M. sold Hammond. S. & Co. 50 lambs av 75 at $7: to Newton B. CO. ’75 do av 75 at $6.90: to Goose 25 :heep av 125 at $3.75: to Youngs 89 lambs av 75 at $6.85. 81 do av 75 at $6.90: to Ham- mond, S. & Co. 46 do av 73 at 87, 4 do av 55 at $6; to Costello 40 do av 55 at $6. 96 do av 56 at $5.73. Roe Com. Co. sold Youngs 19 lambs av 80 at $7, 5 sheep av 120 at $4.25. Sandal] sold Hammond. S. & Co. 54 lambs av 78 at $7. Hogs. Receipts. 2367. Quality much better; generally 5617100 higher. Range of prices: Light to good butch— ers. $9.10; pigs, $8628.25; mixed, $8.75@ 9.10: heavy. $8 506178.85. Bishop. B. & H. sold Sullivan P. Co. 134 av 190 at $9. 33 av 200 at $8.90, 150 av 150 at $8.70. Roe Com. Co. sold same 175 av 190 at $9. 150 av 180 at $8.90, 85 av 160 at $8.50. Bishop, B. 7‘1: H. sold Parker. W. & Co. 710 av 190 at $9, 415 av 1.80 at $8.90, 150 av 170 at $8.85. 207 av 160 at $8.75, 110 av 160 at $8.50. Spicer & R. sold Hammond. S. & Co. 115 ziv 190 at $9, 40 av 200 at $8.90, 30 av 150 at $8.75. Haley & M. sold same 275 av 190 at $9. Rough and grassy hogs look bearish for future as packers are discriminating against these grades. Frlday’s Market. September 19, 1913. Cattle. Receipts this week, 1556; last week, 1621; market strong. \‘l’e quote: Extra dry-fed steers and heifers. $8.25.?v850; Steers and heifers. 1000 to 1200, $7.50@)7.75; do. 800 to 1000, $7627.50; grass steers and heifers that are fat. 800 to 1000, $7697.50; do. 500 to 700. $6@6.75; choice fat cows, $6696.25; good do., $5.50fi‘575; common do., $450635; canners. $3614; choice heavy bulls. $661) 6.50; fair to good bolognas, hulls, $5.50fu‘l 5.75; stock bulls. $5695.50; choice feeding i‘teers, 800 to 1000. $7427.25; fair do., 800. to 1000, $650407; choice stockers, 500 to 700. $650607; fair stockei‘s. 500 to 700, $5.75@6.25; stock heifers, $5605.50; milk- ers.,large, young, medium age, $606985; common inilkers. $406,250. ’ Veal Calves. Receipts this week. 434; last week, 500; market steady. Best. $116142; heavy, $7 ((79; common and graFS. $5@6.50. Sheep and Lambs. Receipts this week. 5337; last week. 8491: market steady. Best lambs, $7; fair to good lambs. 662560675; light to com- mOn lambs. $54116: vnarlings. $5605.50; fair to good sheen, $3.75@4.25; culls and com- mon. $250603. Hoot Receipts thi= wcck. 3340; last week, 4418; market steady. Range of prices: Light to good butchers. $9; pigs, $8.25; light yorkers, $850629; heavy, $850699. The northwestern range cattle supply still continues to prove a disappointment in point of quality. Early gathering was forced in many sections of Wyoming and Montana as result of smaller pasturage than rangemen enjoyed in previous years. This has meant a thinner class of steers from the larger outfits! However. small rangemen have not begun to ship freely as yet. They are hanging onto cattle with a view to getting every pound possible onto them and October and November are expected to bring the season's best qual— places, ity westerns. CROP AND MARKET NOTES. (Continued from page 277). produced here this season. Vi’eather is cooler but not enough moisture for fall seeding. No late cutting of alfalfa; no pastures. A light seed crop of alfalfa; prairie hay light, $14 per ton; potatoes .___. poor crop and poor quality, 90c per bu.‘ Many cattle and hogs shipped out on ac— count of scarcity of feed and the dry‘ weather. Enough cattle remain to eat all roughness. Corn being shipped in at 81560 per bu; oats 48c; wheat 80c. . Cloud 00., Sept 16.—-Weather cooler for three days now and local showers in but not enough to really amount to anything toward wetting things. only cools the air. Farmers bu:y cutting corn for silo, shock, and also some beginning to sow wheat but most of them are wait- ing for rain: Corn for this locality will make about ten per cent of usual crop. Wheat advanced 2c to 76c this week and short; bran advanced 35c per cwt. Many farmers were expecting to use shorts largely for hog feed this winter but the millers seem to have put a price on them that will stop much being fed. This vat of the country will hold over more cattle this winter than usual as there is lots of roughness and when there is a good corn crop most of the fodder is wasted. Feed is being sold now to ranchmen who will bring the cattle here to winter. Hay both alfalfa and native, is high and scarce; alfalfa seed a big crop, Trego Co., Sept. 15.—The long drouth in western Kansas was broken on Sept. 9 and 10 bya two-inch rain. The ground is in good condition for s’eeding. A few farmers have started sowing wheat but it will be several days yet before all the farmers will start sowing. Very little corn raised in this county this year and just enough forage for home consump- tion. A large number of silos have been built this fall by farmers who are going into the, dairy business. The potato crop was almost a failure on account of the bugs. Corn is worth 850; oats 500; hogs $7.50; butter 25c; eggs 15c; cream 29c; potatoes $1.40. Pennsylvania. leflln Co., Sept. 15.-—1Veather is ex- ceedingly dry and warm; crops suffering in this section; wheat an average crop; oats :1 little above the average. Corn is being cut, only half a crop; some clover seed being cut; pasture very short; ap- ples scarce. Crawford 00., Sept. 15.—The drouth and the eatly frost last Saturday night fin- ished the potatoes and corn. There will be but a Sinalll crop here. The farmers began to cut corn this week. ()ats are thrcshing 40 to 50 bu. to the acre. \Vheat is very poor. Apples are scarce. Cattle and steers are selling at a good figure. Butter, 28c; eggs, 260; oats, 42c. Pasture very poor. New York. Columbia C0,, Sept. 16.—Dry weather has caused much shortage in most crops. Apples about half a crop. Rye is one of the leading crops in this county but it was a light crop. Rye is bringing about 60(565c per bu. Rye straw is $14 per ton; hay about 551667.118, depending on quality. Local grain dealers handle western clip- ped oats and the local supply will not be adequate. MISSOurI. Lafayette 60., Sept. 15,—This county has a rainy spell after a long drouth. The wheat was good average, 20 to 25 bu.. but some Went as high as 35 and 40 bu. Threshing is almost finished; oats fair. Would have had a- bumper crop of corn if the hot winds stayed away; had enough moisture in the ground to raise a good crop. The early corn will go from 30 to 50 bushels per acre. Hog cholera is not known this year. Dairy cows are in the pasture yet. but were fed a long time; might have paSture after this rain again. The cowpeas will make a good crop; but- ter sells at 290. Better Land — Bigger Crops A certainty when legume cover crops are planted. FARMOGERM High-Bred Nitrogen Gathering Bacteria. For Alfalfa—Beans—Clovers -—- Peas— Vctcli, l'ltc. A $2.00 bottle will inno- culatc seed for one acre. Mail orders sent prepaid. Write for free booklet No. 1, BARF-THOMAS FARMOGERM CO. BLOOMFIELD new JERSEY We Want HAY &. STRAW . We get the top price on consignments. make liberal advancem ‘ is and prompt remittances. Daniel McCaiii-ey’s Sons Co. PITTSBURG, PA. "mace. Washington Trust Company, or any bank in Oi” Iv wSmall consignments from pro- __ _ EGGS, Etc? dncerfi in Michigan brinizeevry attractive prices. Returns day of arrival. . Refer to Pnn or Bradstreet. Zenith Butter 8 Ext (30.. 15 5-59 Greenwich St, New York.N.Y FARMERS—We {"9 Davina 50 above the Oflioial Detroit Market for Ffri-ngigfi silliipiifd avert to "a bv express. Write ne 0 . .w pay yon. American B tt Cheese 00., 31-33 Griswold 8*... Detroit. filel’i‘: & Potatoes. Apples. We pay highest market price for car loads. The I. l.. Richmond Co... 001"" well. Responsible representatives wanted FARM ACCOUNT BOOKS Keep your farm records. boo lets, easy to use and practical, 612:5 forkilznli’ig’f Antenna wanted. FOSTEB‘S FARM ACCOUNT BOOK 00.. 607 Hayden Building. Columbus. 01110- ...,,4..._4. _.. J.-. “V.“ a, mugs .:.-.. ' 19*279 For wet weather,— . s \ dry clothes conifort wear Tower’s A ish Brand ~ REFLEX SLICKER It is all you want. or can get. in a rough and ready eervice coat. Thoroughly waterproof and strong at every point. $3.00 1:9 ‘ at your dealer‘- > Satisfaction Guaranteed A. .l. Tower Co. “33%: TOWER: BOSTON bm§*¢i Tower Canadian mark UmitedToronto oi aCaiangfree WW LET US TAN YOUR HIDE. Cattle or Horse hide, Calf, Dog, Deer orally kind of skin WlLll hair or fur on. We tell and finish than right 3 make them into coats (for men and women). robes. rugs or gloves when ordered. Your fur goods will cost you less than to buy them, and be Worth more. Our clinch-led catalog gives a. lot of in- formation which cvery stock raiser should have, but we never send out this valuable book except u n request. It tells how to take 0 and care for hides: how and when we pay the freight both ways :about our safe dyeing pro cess which is a. tremendous advantage to the customer. especially on bone hides and ea" akin- about the fur goods and game troph es we sell, taxi~ deruiy. ctr“ It you want a copy send us your (‘orrccc address. . The Crosby hlslan l-‘ur Company. — 511 Lyell Ave" Rochester. N. Y. WANTED. At once a few men, who are hustlers, for soliciting. No experience necessary. Good salary guaranteed and expenses paid. The work is dignified, healthfu- and instructive. In writing give referl ences and also state whether you have a horse and buggy of your own. Address Box J. F., Care Michigan Farmer, Detroit. FARMS All] FARM LANDS FOR SALE (ill EXCHANGE . MICHIGAN Potato. Fruit. and Dairy Farms at Prices and Terms to suit Purchaser. Write for free litera- ANDBEWS & TUCK. Sidney. Michigan. ture. F0" s‘LE—New rich. riverside. farmland 120 acres. . Glarlwin 00.. Mich, 3720 Near Iiy. towns. Particulars, ARNOLD. 514 W. 117 Biz, Chicago, Ill, FOR SALE—77 Acre Farm. rich clay loam soil. New9room house. Large barn and other outbuildings. well fenced )6 mile from electric. Mrs. Fred Harms, R. 3. Mt. Clemens. Mich. One mile from city limits FOR SALE Saginaw on stone road. 170 acre. all under cultivation. no better sugar beet land in the United States. Price $100 per acre. W. C. CORNWELL. Saginaw. Michigan. —-to hear from owner who has good for wanIEd for sale. Send description and rid: Northwestern Business Agency. Minneapolis, inn. Bill IE! lilfll Hill: IOU. 3&9';3g“;.‘:°°‘.;'°”. barns. Finest schools. churches and roads. I" ' 6 address MoBurney & 00.. 703 Fisher Bldg.. Chicagloill MICHIGAN FARMING LANDS Near Saginaw and Bay City. in Gledwin and Midland Counties. Low prices: Easy terms; Clear title. Write for maps and particulars. STAFFELD BROTHERS. l5 Merrill Building. Saginaw. (W. 8.). Michigan. and unim roved lands in Delaware. fi'fhlo farms: dgvergifll htarmingir live stock, de- oous ru an 1 ea omes. or i f ti address. State Board of Agriculture. Doverlggzaas; Ogemaw 00., Mich., Cut Over Hard Wood Lands. * Adjacent to Rose City on D. & M. R. R. for sale cheap. For particulars address. JOCOB SCHWARTZ. Saginaw. Michigan. WIDOW MUST SELL ”acres, 6-room house. born. hen house hog house; fair condition. Plenty fruit. timber half pay for farm: wate line. 811 , half cash. HALL‘S FARM AGENCY. Owogo. Tlozo C0.. New York. McClure - Stevens Land Co. Successors to A J. Stevens .4 (:0. Established 1883. Farm. Fruit and Stock Lands. We own 20,000 acres of choice unimproved lands in Gladwm and Clare counties. Sold on easy payments. Intererte percent. Write for information. Gladwin, Michigan. 210 Acres, $900 Cash Cows and Machinery Included Splendid. Big, profit-paying farm thrown on market because aged. crippled owner cannot. care for-it: chance of a lifetime for a worker: everything ready for business; six cows. four heifers. hens. ducks, turkeys and all machinery thrown in; only x mile to store. post. office. school. etc.; 70 acres machine. worked fields. afriafiwatered pasture for 40 cows. cords wood. (X). ft. timber. 1500 sugar maples. 200 apple trees. other fruit: 8-room house. 40-ft. barn with running spring water to both. 36-“. horse barn With basement. other outbuildings: if taken now everything goes for . only :2 . balance Complete description of this and hund- reds ot‘ other good farms from 38“) up. page . was raiser-m “earr- . . . tation 101. n 0 Bank Building, Pittsburg. Pa. When writing to advertisers please mention The Michigan Farmer. 280-20 Paint Facts Worth Knowing How to Get Best Protection and Beauty at a Minimum Cost EFORE you aint this fall—and B every farmer as some need for paint every fall ——it will pay you to care- fully consider the progress made in recent years in the science of paint-making. ‘ In the old days we got a keg of white lead, some commercial linseed oil, turpentine and some sort of coloring matter, made a paddle out of a stick, and proceeded‘to make some “paint." No formula, but guesswork; and the appearance and protecting power of the paint was largely a matter of guesswork, too. But things have changed nowadays. Today paint is scientifically made, as accurately as a druggist’s prescription. For instance, in the making of Lowe Brothers‘ “ High Standard " Liquid Paint every ingredient is carefully selected and then submitted to chemical tests. Every part must be up to certain definite standards. These ingredients are then mulled and mixed by the latest rocesses, proven to give best results, judgedp by actual severe weather tests extend- ing over a number of years. Lowe Brothers have proved by these actual tests that the wearing and protecting qualities of paint depend greatlyupon fineness of grind- ing and accuracy in mixing. A shade too much or too little of any constituent may re- sult in faults in the paint. Careful, scientific testing has shown the exact ingredients and the exact proportion that produce a paint film of greatest strength and durability, thus giv- ing the longest life and greatest protecting power. This formula is then followed in making “High Standard" Paint. This is .why farmers everywhere, who have used Lowe Brothers “Hi h Stan‘dard” Liquid Paint have found that it as a greater adher- ing and protecting power, lasts longer, and is more economical than home mixed or any other paint. There is a “High Standard“ paint dealer near‘you who can supply you with any of our products. If you don‘t know who he is, write us and we will introduce you. There's a Lowe Brothers’ Paint, Varnish, Enamel or Stain for every purpose. Valuable Paint Books—Free Have the but looting farm buildings in your township- our booklets will tell you how—"Homes Attractive and How to Make Them"-—and “Guide to Farm Painting." Sent free to readers of this paper—Write today. The Lowe Brothers Company 499 E. Third St., Dayton, Ohio Boston New York Chicago Kansas City Lowe Brothers. Limited. Toronto. Cnnedl RunningWater in House and Barn at even temperature Winter or Sum-Q! Plan it ‘.1lllo(lng you ‘00 Dik‘url‘5 Do ‘i N‘.«. mer at Small Cost. Send Postal l: F New incr Sucoly .4 I! in .ltlum use Acrmoto' 00., 1144 S. Campbell Av., Chicago \ Acrmotor Co.. In and Madison Streets,0ak1and. Cal. POULTRY. Barred flock ilockmls and Hans, Bargain Prices W. C. COFFMAN. R. No. 6, Benton Harbor, Mich. PRIZE WINNING Barred Rocks, R. I. Reds. High P qamlitykgow prices. .500] Ingian R n or nd ekin uoks, per rio. oircu ar ree. Eh]! inl’OOED FARM, R. R. No. 13. GrandIRapids. Mich. OLUMBIA Wysndottes. Winners at Chicsg0,Grend 0 Ba ids. South Bend and St Jos¥ph. Stock and eggs. RICHARD SAWYER, Benton arbor, Michigan, ' buy Pine Crest Whlte H You walll Eggs "0“ Willler ORPINGTON pal“... the erfect egg machines. Write for prices. Mrs. illis Bough. Pine Crest Farm, Royal 0ak.Mich. ILVER LACED. golden and whiteWyandottes. Eggs S for hatching at reasonable prices; send for circular. Browning’s Wysndotte Farm. R. 30. Portland, Mich. LILLIB‘ PARHSTEAD POULTRY B. P. Books. R. I. Rods, and 8. C. W. Le horn em for ode. I5 for 31:3 for $1.50: 50 for .50. COLON O. LILLIE. Coopers-rifle. Mich. WHITE LEGHORN COCKERELS“V§ci§i3? Maple City Poultry Plant, Box 0.. Charlotte, Mich. While Mandolins—333%.?” “iii? 35:51 :i‘drgfi‘i "8; February. A. FRANKLIN SMITH. Ann Arbor. ich. DOGS. grinding: Hill Hilliilllfi F°:,;,F°f’.:i,§,§£,“ FERRETS 0! stamp. W. E. LECKY. Holmesville. Ohio FOX AND WOLF HOUNDS of. the best English strains in Ameri- ca: 40 years ex erience in breeding these fine houn s for my own sport. I now ofler them for sole. Send stamp for Catalogue. 1. I. flaunts. mm. Jackson c... In, Mention the Michigan Farmer when writing to advertisers. n. TH E MICHIGAN FARM-ER", Illllllllllllllllflllllfl. fill!”lllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllllIlllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llIIlllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllIIlllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi STATE FAIR’S GREAT POULTRY SHOW. Conditions in the poultry department at last week’s State Fair strongly suggested the need of larger and more up-to-date quarters for this branch of Michigan’s great annual exhibition. Although the fact is notorious that, upon the average farm. poultry has long—far too long— been regarded a minor and inconsequen— tial branch, the enterprise of poultry rais- ers and the interest displayed by the gen- eral public in rccen‘ years are surely placing the industry upon a plane which entitles it to greater consideration at the hands of fair managers generally. In no other department was there greater in- terest shown this year, notwithstanding the fact that the crowded condition most of the time, and the insufficient light and ventilation which the building affords, made it difficult to examine the exhibits with any degree of satisfaction. The SliOW,‘iIl the aggregate, was by far the largest that the management has ever been called upon to accommodate, taxing the ingenuity of Superintendent Coward and his assistants to provide makeshift quarters for the overflow. As it was. a considerable proportion of the waterfowl division had to be corralled in the rear of the building. The large annex, built a few years ago with the idea of accom- modating exhibitors of poultry manufac- tures, was full of poultry while the var- ious kinds of poultry appliances Were, for the most part, conspicuous by their ab- sence. In quality, too. this Show was second to none of its predecessors when consid- ered as a. whole. Some sections and classes were exceptionally strong in this respect, ’while nearly every class contained Speci- mens which would acquit themselves creditably in any exhibition of farm poul- try. The vast chasm which separates the m'Ongrel upon the farm where poultry “don‘t pay” from the high-Scoring pro- duct of the professional fancier, was well revealed by the presence of a few speci- mens which have proved unbeaten prize- winners in shows of interstate and na- tional scope, and the fancy values placed upon these fowls by their owners threw consternation into the ranks of owners of dung'nill chickens. Comparison of Breeds. Among the chickens the American class, which comprises the so-called general- purpose breeds, was again in the van as regards number of entries. Wyandottes led, the white, silver penciled, Columbian and buff being strongest. The Rocks were a good second. so far as numbers are concerned, and the white and barred va- rieties were among the noteworthy class- es of the entire Show as regards quality. Orpingtons were not as prominent as in preceding years and the R. I. Reds rank- ed fourth in numbers but stood very high in quality. The egg layers, in the aggregate, were nearly as numerOus as the general-pur- pose breeds, the Leghorm being far in the lead in this division, the W’hite Leg- horn class proving the largest and one of the best in the Show. There was also a good showing of buffs but the Brown Leg- horn class was disappointingly small. Nu— merous varieties of the Polish breed. a good showing of Minorcas (moStly of the- black variety), a. sprinkling of Houdans and of Hambui‘gs in a number of varie— ties made the showing of egg layers one that should have proven satisfactory to most admirers of these breeds. Brahmas again led the meat-producing breeds. with the Cochins a close second. ' There was also a good showing of Lang- shans but all of these classes were poorly grouped, making them Show to poor ad- vantage. Practically all of the breeds were represented in the pen classes, the entries here slightly exceeding those of last year. Grand Showing of Waterfowl. The entries of ducks and geese greatly exceeded those of any preceding year and included a greater proportion of good specimens of the various breeds than ever before. Among the ducks the pop- ular Pekin was most in evidence, some remarkably fine specimens being seen. Indian' Runners Were less conspicuous than in other years, but there were many good ones, while the ROuen, Muscovy. Cayuga and White Crested breeds showed up strongly. About a dozen specimens of 9-1 lllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllIlllllllllI|||IllIlllIllIllIllllllIllIlllllllIllllllllllllIllllHllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllll|llllIIlllllllll|IlllllllillIll|IlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllll|lllllllllllllll|IlllIlllllIIll!Illllllllllllllllllll Poultry and Bees. E l— llllllllllllllll the Blue Sweedish, shown here for the first time, attracted considerable atten- tion. What has been said of ducks as regards numbers and quality is also true of geese. There were few poor or even mediocre specimens. Toulouse, Embden, African and China were about equally strong and comprised the bulk of the show, an un- usual number of Canadian or wild geese proving an additional feature. Turkeys Make no Gain. There were few fowls of outstanding quality in the turkey division, the show as a whole being a very ordinary one and not above former years in numbers. Nar- rangansetts, which showed up so strongly last year, Were represented by a few specimens only. Some excellent \Vhite Hollands were there and a good number of the comparatively new Black variety. The Buffs or Bourbon Reds, still rather new in, this section, were prominent. but there Were few good specimens of the breed, while indifferent showings of the old reliable Bronze and of the Slate va- riety completed this section of the show. FALL CLEANING. Before the hens and puliets go into their winter quarters the houses and yards should be given a thorough cleaning. It is safest to remove perches and replace with new ones. However, if it is desired to use the old perches, they should be thoroughly saturated with coal oil and held over a fire until the surface is slightly charred. This is the surest meth- od of ridding them of vermin and germs. The inside of the house, and the out- side, too, for that matter, should be thor- oughly whitewashed. Fall whitewash- ing serves a double purpose in not only destroying insect life, but making the house much lighter, which adds to the comfort of the hens during the short, dark days of fall and winter. Old litter must be replaced with new material. The best litter is straw, but if this is not to be had leaves from the orchard or nearby woods will do very well. If leaves are used a good supply must be stored, since they are soon re- duced and must be replaced. The yards should be plowed and sowed to rye. Rye will stay green all winter, and will supply no little part of the nec- essary green food during late fall and early spring. Indiana. T. Z_ RICHEY. A PECULIAR TROUBLE. Do your hens and little chicks get dumpy, mope around and finally die from no apparent cause? Mine do, and I think I have found the trouble, but neither the cause nor the remedy. They get so they won’t even try to eat, and when they die they "are ‘as poor as though they had died of starvation, as indeed they have. It has been about'.f0ur years since I found what the troublelwas, and I have never'heard of anyone else having trOuble of the same kind but think it must be because they have called it SOmething else. Now I find the chick so affected invar- iably has the upper part of the bill grown long, forming a sort of hook, so that it is a hard matter for the chick to pick up its food. The others crowd and eat so much faster that the unfortunate one doesn’t get sufficient for its needs; it becomes weakened, gives up trying to eat and fin- ally starves to death. If I take them be- fore they have become too Weak, and trim the upper part of the bill to fit the lower, the chick will often recover. I have small chicks as well as mature hens troubled that way and I would like to know the cause, also whether there is any remedy other than the one I have mentioned. Our soil is sandy; our poultry have wide range and a variety of feed. While I am writing for information. at the some time I think perhaps some reader may find that what was thought to be some disease is really a case of starvation be- cause of a hooked bill. I have never had many such cases at a‘ time, but I have had a number troubled that way this year, more especially little chicks. I have helped but one or two. I think perhaps they get too weak before I do anything for them. . - Eaton Co. V. T. W. SEPT. 27, " 1918. PROPER CARE or HONEY, Comparatively few people know how to keep honey. It is' therefore advisable for the bee-keeper who is building up a direct trade to give his customers as much in- formation along that line as possible. The average city housewife will put honey in the cellar or into a refrigerator for safe keeping~—about the two worst places that could be found. “Honey is kept very differently from fruit. Good honey is thoroughly ripe when taken from the hive and will therefore not ferment unless it is placed in a cool. moist place. It has a great affinity for moisture, and comb honey, stored in a. damp atmosphere, will absorb moisture through the slightly porous cappings and become thin and watery. Its bulk will be so increased that it will burst the cells and ooze out. It may become so thinned that fermentation will set in. Cold is also detrimental to comb honey, causing it to candy in the cells. It seems strange to me that nearly everyone takes it for granted that honey should be stored in a cold place. If they would stop to think a. moment, they would know that the bees keep it warm, and the bees know how to keep honey. The warmer honey can be kept the better, so long as it does not get above 100 degrees F. When nectar is gathered it is thin and watery. The heat of the hive, aided by the manipulations of the bees, gradually reduces the nectar to thick, “ripe” hon- ey. When the honey is ripe the bees seal it over. That is their finishing touch which proclaims that it is ready for mar- ket use. \Vhile there is an excess of water in the honey the bees will not seal it over. They will leave it to evaporate. This process of evaporation is the ripen- ing process. As it goes on the honey gets thicker and heavier, until it has reached the proper density. Then, :18 al- ready remarked, the bees certify to its ripeness by sealing it over. Quality improves Under Right Conditlons. The first requisite, after taking it from the hive, is a good, warm room in which to store it. The object of this is to have it growing better‘and better, instead of poorer. Vi'hen honey is taken from the hive, that in unsealed cells is often so thin that, if the sections (are held so that the mouths of the cells are down, it will run out. However, by leaving it in a. warm room for three weeks or a. month, it can be handled as you please and not a drop can be shaken out. Fully capped honey is not as likely to become watery and sour as is that which is unsealed, and as unsealed honey in any part of the section makes that section more or less unsalable, it is always best, if possible, to leave all sections on the hive until they are fully sealed. . Honey should not only be kept in a. dry, warm room, but there should be enough ventilation in and about the room to carry off all moisture which evaporates from the honey, and the larger the ,pile of, honey stored in a room the greater should be the ventilation. It is not well to store comb honey directly on the floor, for where so stored the air cannot pass under the pile,‘and through lack of Such circulation the 'honey will become watery in a room that is otherwise dry and Well ventilated. Thoroughly ripened extracted honey should be at once put into bottleS, cans or barrels and scaled up tight. It will, of course, soon candy, or crystallize, but the flavor Will be retained indefinitely. and the honey can be liquified whenever it is needed for use. Care must be exercised in melting it that the flavor is not in- jured by the application of too great heat. or course the honey will not be burned if it is not heated hotter than boiling wat- er, but the application of so great heat as this rapidly drives off the flavor. Keep- ing the package closed and applying a. very gentle heat—never above 150 degrees -—is the better way. F. G. HERMAN. In a series of tests conducted by South Australian poultrymen to ascertain the relative weights of eggs of light and heavy breeds, one pen of Brown Leghorns and Six pens of White Leghorns failed to reach the prescribed standard of 24 ozs, while seven pens just reached it. Of 14 pens of Black Orpingtons only one fell short, with 221/2 oz., the highest weight being 26M.g oz. When the eggs of 61 pens of the light breeds and 28 pens of the heavy breeds were weighed 3% months after the first test, in both cases the gen- eral results showed a fall in the average weight during the period, tending to dis- prove the theory that the puilet that lays a small egg will develop the habit of lay- ing eggs of larger size. Veterinary. filllllllllllllllllllllIllllllIllllllllllIllillllllllWWWlllflllfllllllllW CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.__ vAdvice through this department is free to our subscribers. Each communication should state history and symptoms of the case in full; also name and address of writer. Initials only will be published. Many queries are answered that apply to the same ailments. If this column :is watched carefully you will probably find the desired inforrnartion in a, reply that has been made to someone else. When reply by mail is requested, it becomes private practice, and a fee of $1. 00 must accompany the letter. Sow Does Not Come in Heat—I am an interested reader of the Michigan Farm- er; have never failed to read veterinary column and would like a little advice re- garding my sow which had a litter of pigs last spring, but I have not been able to catch her in heat since. What do you advise me to give her or do for her? F. J, F., Temperance, Mich—Give your sow 30 grs. powdered capsicum, 60 grs. ground ginger and one-thirtieth of grain of strychnine at a dose in feed two or three times a day and if you can conven— iently, let her run with male. Bone Spavin.~—I have a mare that is quite lame in hind legs; a bunch is grow- ing on inside lower portion of hoek joint; neighbors tell me it is bone spavin. Now if she has a spavin how can I check its growth and remove bunch? B. G., Lake George, Mich—First of all you must un- derstand that either heavy pulling or fast driving, or concussion of some kind Dm- riuced the spavin; therefore, it will be necessary to give her rest or you should not expect her to get well. Clip off hair and apply one part red iodide mercury and eight parts cerate of can-tharides to bunch once a week; 01‘ you can safely apply any one of the spavin remedies that are regularly advertised in this paper. Umbilical Hernia—I am anxious to know what to do for my three-months-old colt that has navel rupture which is about the size of a hen egg. This bunch came on about a month ago. J. G., Hemlock, Mich—I advise you to leave colt alone until November and if this bunch has not then disappeared have y0u1‘ Vet. perform a surgical operation, which is usually successful. Melanosis.—About three years ago I bought a grey more that had a swelling on hind leg which I thought might be the result of water farcy, but it caused no lameness. About once a year this leg swells and these attacks seem to come on suddenly. I forgot to say that she is in foal and is 14 years old. C. M., Honor. Mich—I am somewhat inclined to believe that your mare has melanosis, an ailment peculiar to white horses. and as bunch is doing no harm, you had better leave it alone.’ If the swelling you speak of is the result of lymphangitis, which it may be. exercise her daily and feed her very little grain when not working. Unhealthy fowlS. —-I am writing to know if you can give me helpful advice in 'the management of my chickens. I have a flock of White Leghorns; most of them began to lose their plumage in May, combs darkened in color, they all showed more or less weakneSS and some of them after drooping around for tWO or three weeks died. Now my younger chickens seem to be acting much the same as the older ones that died. R. W., Onondaga, Mich—Your fowls should have a change of food. their premises thoroughly cleaned and disinfected and the soil on which they run should be cultivated in order to deStroy the bad effect of them living in their own filth. Their roosting place should be dry and free from damp. Mix with their food some ground ginger, ground gentian, cooking soda and a little powdered copperas should be dissolved in their drinking water. They should be well fed, plenty of sunlight and fresh air admitted into their roosting place. You Should also furnish them with a good quality of drinking water. Loss of Vision—Paralysis—Some of my hens become lame and partly or com- pletely lose vision. Furthermore. some of them seem to lose control of their muscles and occasionally tumble down, later on bowel trouble develops and they die. It is not unusual for them to dump around several weeks. then die. Some- of our hens have a rattling in their throats and the hens are about the only ones that are affected. F. S. F., Milford Mich ~—Your chickens doubtless suffer from an inflammation of upper air passage which is doubtless a catarrhal ailment, which will be greatly relieved by proper care :ind a proper food supply. Mix in their feed equal parts ground ginger. and bak— ing soda; also add a little saltwfive or ten grains of each is enough of medicine per day. It is needless for me to say that they should not be allowed to roost in a draft or live in a damp, filthy place. Their coops should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected and kept clean and you may find it necessary to change their food and water supply. James Mulvihill. of Cummings, Iowa, and owner of a farm of 800 acres, makes the prediction that prime beef cattle will advance by another summer to $10 per 100 lbs. He says in an interview. “Farm— ors will have to feed high- priced corn this fall, and will be demanding $10 for Ftockers bought at $7.75@8. The steers must be fed for about nine months and fed good. Stockmen should obtain $2 higher than they pay for the stockers. considering that they are fed on high- priced land and on high—priced corn. It really costs us from 50@60c per 100 lbs. to market them, shrinkage. commission, weight charges and personal expenses “eluded. T H *E éMiI-i‘C H LG A N Tile Your Farm with a Cyclone Tile Ditching Machine and end your ditching troubles at once. When you’re through with the work on your land you can earn many dollars by cutting ditches for your neighbors. yclone Tile Ditching Machine -—cuts tile drains quickly, easily. cheaply; —cuts 300 to 400 rods of ditch in a single day; ~—saves its cost every 10 days you use it; -—is guaranteed to live up to all our claims and save enough in cutting drains to pay for the tile you put into them: —price places it within reach of the average farmer. You know the benefits and advantages de- rived from tile drainage. Don’t put the matter off any longer. Hundreds of farm- ers arousing Cyclone Ditchers to dig their ditches. You ought to get busy with a Cy- clone at once. A Cyclone will do for you what it is doing for hundreds of others. Write A Postal for full information that explains how you can make and save money with a Cyclone Ditcher. Address ‘ '— THE JESCHKE MFG. CO. Don't put It off, but send for book now. BR EEDSVILLE, MICH. Have'for sale fine bulls out of cows with high official butter and milk records. P RICES $100 to 5200, all grandsons of King Segis, King of the Pontiacs and DeKol 2nd, Butter Boy 3rd. L00! HERE! Do you wanl a BIG MARKER? I will cut your name neatly on Brass (one inch let- ters) and send to any address. postpeid. on receipt of 25 cents. it more than 10 letters in name 2 cents for each letter extra. Send all orders to A. H. BRAUNLICH, Ida. Mich. I Have 100 Head of Yearling Steers FOR SALE—Also know of 8 or 1010311 of heavy feeder Hereforde. Angus and Shortho that I will fhelp buy lor500ts. per head commission. tome if in need of cattl e. HARE 1. BALL. Fairfield Iowa. "06 FEED GHEA ASK BARTLETT co., JACKSON, HIGH. w I d—Z) Registered Holstein-Friesian Heifers. an e under one year of age. No not. be from advanced registry cows. but, must be of good breed- ing and reasonable. W. K. Brninerd. Blacksburg. Va, IIIEEIIEIS’ IIIIECNIY. CA'I'I'LE . Aberdeen-An us. P110111. consisting of Trojan Erioes. B aokbirds and rideaonlst boa ed by Egerton W. the GRAND CHAMPION bull at. the yState West Michigan and Bay City Fairs of 1912 and the airenf winners at. these Fairs and at THE INTERNATIONAL. Chicago. of FARMER Fresh cows and heifers. Send for catalog. THE OCTOBER SALE. Slain Fair Grounds, llelroil, 0ol. l6, l9l3. 125 HOLSTEIN Cows and heifers 111 calf to richly bred sires. tested The best. blood lines of the breed represented. H. W. NORTON, Jr., Sale Mgr., Howell, Mich. "T WATCH FOR OUR AD. 21 --281 -—The Best Breed lor Michigan Dairymen. All registered and tuberculin- IN OCT. 4th ISSUE. $100 —Buys two choice high grade Holltein heifers, 2 and 4 months old. and one registered bull. 4 months old, not akin. all nicely marked, 55 white. 3.3. llenvey. Akron, lich. —reasonable choi Toe reg- For saIO isteredHO OprTIEIN 3111113 ready for service. HATCH HERD. Ypsilanti. Mich. Buy A World Record Holstein Bull NEXT TIME. We have2 with 75% same blood of 3world record cows. Great bargains at 8‘50 each. LONG BEACH FARMS. Auguste. (Kalamazoo Co. .) Mich. "Top-Notch” Holstelns. Choice bull calves from 6 to 10 mo. old. of fashion- able breeding and from dams with oflcial milk and butter records for sale at reasonable prices. IOPHEISON PARIS 00-. Howell. Michigan. 111.111. of Icon Roll: For Sale. “° ”“5“" quality not quality. W. B. ONES. Oak Grove. Michigan. d f 1101:1111 anus ”11.1. °£i§§§f°°wit°£££li§£££ come and see. .CORNELL. Howell. Michigan. Bull Ready For Service. A grand son of Pietertje Hengorvelds Count DeKol, and out of Bertha Josephine Nudi (15:38. (i This is an almost faultless individual. Guaran right in every particular. and dirt" cheap to a quick buyer. Also 1 good cows, one fresh—the others yet to“freshe11. The above would make a. fine herd for some one. $1950 will buy the bunch. L. E. CONNELL. Fayette, Ohio. BUTTER BRE JERSEY BULLS FOR SALE RYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM, Sllver Creek. Allegan County. Michigan. JERSEYS—BullsAl calves bred for product- 1on. Also cows and heifers. Brookwater Farm. R. F. D. No 7. Ann Arbor. Mich. Lillie Farmstead Jerseys (Tuberculin tented. Guaranteed free from Tuber- ouloell.) Several good bulls and bull calves out of good dairy cows for sale. No females for sale at present. Satisfaction guaranteed. COLON C. LILL ILE. Cooners ville. Mich. FDR SALE11332333E 5.53.9.8...“ 1! milk 513 lbs. butter in 11 months. Sire's dnm's record 10550 lbs. of milk Silt lbs. butter in one year. WAT ERMAN d: WAT ERMAN Ann Arbor. Mich. —Eeg1st( rod Jersey Cattle tuberculin test- For saleed bulls and bull calves: heifer and heifer calves: cows with RPgister of Merit, and Cow Testing Association records. IRVIN FOX Allegnn. Mich. Notton Farm, Grass Lake, Mich. A few young Jersey Bull Calves at 3271 to $45 each. Elf 11511 POLLED cows and 11111113 mistress: John Homer .5 Son. Grand Ledge. Mich. ate 4 I Off 11 II R - MIPIOShflIG Farm shInEsfl‘rz elm Tgxilgsnlggafn lambs and 259mm, (an be b.red Write for particulars. WM .PULLING & SON. Perms. Michigan. -—Blulls from 8 to 12 months 9 Shorthornswo Best of breeding. Write for pedigrees N.APP Howell. Mich 3 Choice Shorthorn KBulls For Sale. 7 toSmos. old. Bates bred. Registered. (‘all or write to DAIRY RREll SHORIHORRSZi’iiSEEISf‘ $1112.;de J. B. HUMMEL. Mason. Michigan. —6 Shorthorn Bulls. 7 to 12 mos“ sired by F0" SALE randson of Whitehall Sultan. also h i e females. WEB. McQuillan. Howell or Chilean,cM?cI1. SHEEP. FOR SALE. 150 Sheep-450 lambs Will make good Feeders or Breeders. Address UNITED STATES GYPSUM (30., ALABASTER, MICH. IT PAYS. TO BUY PURE BRED SHEEP O!‘ PARSONS, the sheep man of the east; ” I sell and ship everywhere and pay express charges. I will start. one man in each twp. Write for club ofier and descriptive price list Shropshires. Rambouiliet Polled- Delaines and R.1 pARSON gaggnfiidge. Michigan. Thm-Ioar-Old OXFORD and SHROPSRIRE Rams. For sale cheap. Parkhurst Bron, Reed City, Mich. SIIEEP FOR SALE IN CARLOAII HITS. PARKHURST BROS“ Reed City. Michigan. Rog. Ramobuillel Sheep, Pure Bred Poland China HOGS and PERCHERON HORSES. 2% miles E Morrice. onG.T .R. R. andM. U.R R.J Q. A COOK. ll'ering more and better The Ingleside Farm '12., .1111». ghee thano a. before. All stock recorded W¥1te 111, who? you want HERBERT E. POWELL. Ionia. Mich. Citizen’ 1 Phone. [death's-Yearling and ram lambs from Cham ion . flock of Thumb of Mlch. Also select erk shire swine. Elmhurst Stock Farm. Almont. Mich. SHROPSHIRES $31" enfl‘n‘i'xffémiifihp‘iit‘ifé‘ C. J. THOMPSON. Rockford. Mlchl gall. SHROPSHIRE RAMS. Registered. Sired by Imp Minton rum Quality for grade or mistered flocks. Also lame young 1912. WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionla. Mich. GUERNSEYs-Reg. Tuberculin Tested. Winder- l'erm. Watervliet.M1ch J. K. BLATOHFORD. Auditor-tun Tower Chicago, III. to dy for service. Luge. thrifty Guernsey Bl“ to: notch”, Write today for do. sorlption and price. G. A. Wigent, Watervliet, Mil-Le 11mm“ mus roll SALE 6.“..“33 ALLEN BROS” Paw Paw. Michigan. ewes. Prism right. WILLIS S. MEADE. Lapeer. Michigan. Prize two- year old Shro shi ISI Ifld 29d Also nood‘t yearIin 11E Barge artfdnfigvlgslglgr sale E. F LELAND nn Arbor. Michigan. REGISTERED SRROPSRIRE‘M “d "0' for. sale at Breedlnn of the best. Harry Pottifimlgla‘vam. ”Tiff; "Cg. Shropsml'fl—2 “(113 yr. Old ram; and some extra lamb raml. wool and m tton typo. Geo P. Andrews. Dansvillo, Ingham 00.,1‘Iich. SRRlIl'SlllRE IEIRLIIE %‘&$§°§§i§‘3 13255? c Flu-hm 3. Mia ran. A FEW CIIIICE fil‘fin‘fflf‘fih‘ii' 3&3 GREGORY & BORDEN. Howell. MI J. E. TANSWELL. Maple Ridge Farm. Mason. Mich. ‘ SHROPSHIRE RAMS Illll EWES FOR SALE. DAN BOOHER. R. l. Marlon. Michigan. —Good ones cheap. Write before “WINE" "NINA ..]5th for special pro Osition. ROPE KON FAR“ . Kinderhook. I! obtain. H005. ' ' ——A Desirable Bunch of flows of names ‘1 TICIUIIIS Either Breed (ice A ril and May. .T. Story. R. H.418 Lowell. Mich. ity P11011056. sired b best eon Beauw Young BERKSHIRE sow of Sta: filaster out of a daughter of the World' 9 Champion Prernler Longfellow. Price $50 worth 3‘00 Pi either sex. 315 each. 0.1).woo'DBUnY. Lane ng. Mich. —-bred for July farrowing,also a choice A Infill! 80' 101 of Sprin Pigs for sale Either sex. A. A. PATTI] LLO. B. o 1 Deckervllle. Mich. —Spring and summer pigs. write us clinic! "In“: \our wants. Price and qualit right. Meadow View Stock Farm. R F. D. No. 5. Bolton .Mioh. o L 0 -—BIG GROW'I HY TYPE. Last sprin - stock. either sefx. pairs not. akin. Very a stock. Scott No.1 11 ad of herd. Farm 5‘ mile west of depot, OTTO B. SCHULZE. Nashville. Mich. O I c ~M1nlon and APRIL Pros. the long 0 0 I growthy kind. with plenty ofbo No cholera everN on or near far r.m Satisfaction guaranteed. A. NHWMAN. l. Marlerte. Mich 30W WEIGHED 952 L38. A 23 MONTHS OLD % " IONIA GIRL I have started more breeders on the road to sue- coal than any man I lving. I have thelatgest and tin- est herd' 1n the U. S. Every one an early developer. ready for themarket at six months old. I want to ' Kline one hos in each community to advertise my art! Write for my plan, "Howto Make Money from Bogs. ” a. s. BENJAMIN. R. '00.] 0 Forum. Illoh. . o. I. c. SWINE—Bred gilts all sold. have a No. of Spring pigs on hand. Will book orders for Sept. pigs, get my price on pairs and tries not akin .J. GORDON .No. .Dorr. Mich. i1..| 0’ s.——laking Orders for Sept Pigs, ”$513.3.“ FRED NICKEL R. N.0 1. Monroe. Michigan. Home Jersey Rugs—Egiizpmzwbotfii‘?stilts: winning strain. (‘ JI‘AYLOII Milan.Mich. For Sale. of the large grou thy Duroc Jersey Boar; typo. also 2 Reg. Pore heron Stallionei 1- -yr. old. A. EBAY. Ukemos. Mich llumc Jerseys—25 Spling Boar: Rudy to Ship. CAREY U. EDMOND“. Hastings, Mulligan. High Class S ring Bears. Ex- Durocs—Z" cellont qual t) and Breeding. Write or come and see. J. O. BARNEY, Goldwater. Mich. —Spring boars from prize- win- MIMIC-Jerseys ninlg strains. Sows all ages Brookwater Farm.R.1.) No. .Ann Arbor Mich. PIG TYPE DUROOS— Marchk and April Boers. ready ) le' service. Pairs not ak1n.lAleo bro shire riamsi'orsale. FJ .DRODT. Ii. No.1 .Monroe. lch Duproo Jerseys For Sale—Three fall boars. also spring p.189 either sex: of finest breeding and individual quality. John McNicoll. Station A. It 4 Bay City Mich. POLAND cmmrm thousands? Pr1ceer1ght W. J. HAGELBHAW. Augusta, Mich. Choice lol oi S rin Pi S‘E“h°’ 1... L. W. BARNES it SON gin-019 Shiegasgrélccss MIMI. LARGE STYLED POLAND CHINAS— Spring and summer pigs. AIIO Oxford bucks and buck lambs ROBFRT NEVE. Pierson. Mich. Butler’s Big Bone Prolific Poland Chinas Big boars ready for service, weigh up to 250 lbs. not. fat from big prolific sows that. not only farrow big litters but Imisc them Write for what you wont. BUTLER. Portland. Michigan. Poland China Spring Bears and Sows of size, bone and quality. I ship c. o. (I. Write me at once. WM. WAFFLE, Goldwater, Mich. MILAN!) (11111111 {1113222211 :51 28.1: 3.212.: P. D. LONG. R. No. 8, Grand Rapids. Michigan P. B. MIRDH AND APRIL PIGS—$58 '83:.53333 to please. R. W. MILIS. Saline. Michigan. URGE IIPE P. 0. FALL PIG .11 “old H-vethe ‘ _ greatest bunch 5 ring p1gs I ever raised Eigh t sows farrowed 8%! at close prices. ome or write. Expenses paid if not satisfl livery from Par-ma. .E.Liv1n88lon. P111122. MEIR: ORKSHIRE Swine—We have so pigs now ready for sale. Write toftfisggetiggrggg prices. OSTRANDER BROS. Morley. Mich. RIG TYPE MULE FOOT FOG -— 350 sale. Prolific and hard. Best brags 1.3511 :10 e? :21: Also Ponies. J. DU NLAP ox M. Williamsport 0 io SPORKSHIRE SWINE—Young boars ready for service. Also spring fan-owed gilt: and A112. farrowed pigs for sale Pan-s not akin. GEO. S lllcllUILEN, Grand Ledge. Mich —Pigs farrowed 1 Large lorkshires m... winninn €1.31? ““iérii‘ifi‘ JONES 8: LUTZ. Oak Grove. Michigan. IMPROVED LARGE YORIISIIIRES Bows and gilts bred i‘orPSeptember and October furrow. Service boars ' and Wpriccea upon application. in all ages Breedmg COOK. R. 42, Ada. Mlchizan. Llwllie Farmstead YORKSHlllES Spring bred slits all Biold. .Gllta bred for next Auguet “01:0 akin. rderlboo p to e that sex. pain and tries CCOLON booked for :m LILLIE. .Eoooerlvllle. Mlch 282-3522 THE MICHIGAN" FARMEiR' ' SEPT. 27, .1913. .. llllllllll||l||lllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlll|Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||||l||||llll|Illl||lll||||l|l||Illlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll. lllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllIIll||lll||llll||l||lllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllL=E Horticulture. filllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllI|l|||lllllllllllllIllllll|llllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IllIllllllllllll|Illllllllllll|lllllllllllll|llllll|llllllIll|||l|l|||lll||ll||IllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll 1F. F The Importance af Careful Picking. of careful methods during the har- vest time but much of the work is often done by unskilled men and they should receive some instruction from the owner or' orchard boss before they are placed on the pay roll. During the rush season it is difficult to get first-class la- bor and the farmer must depend on two classes of pickers to do his work. When they first come to the farm some of them are poor pickers and the rest are very poor and the farmer must give them a few careful directions or the trees and fruit will suffer. It is simply a financial proposition to develop efficient labor and the better the workman, the larger the profit from the business. Avoid Mechanical Injuries. Mechanical injuries cause a premature rotting of the fruit and careful handling will reduce this loss to the minimum. There are many causes of mechanical in- juries, but the word that explains all the trouble is carelessness. Some pickers snatch a few apples from the tree by the handful and pull off fruit spurs at the same time. These spurs may scratch or puncture the skin of the apple and the opening is ready for the first fungous dis- ease that comes in contact with the fruit. The finger nails of the. pickers often do considerable damage when the fruit is grasped too tightly as it is removed frOm the branch. Even the slightest bruise may develop into a large dis‘coloration and very soon the tissue begins to break down and rot. This is very apparem in yellow varieties and careless handling has battered up the early yellow varieties on some farms until even the canning factory would not offer a price equal to the cost of produc- tion. On one farm about twenty trees of big FRUIT farmers realize the importance yellow harvest apples were ready for picking. It had cost the grower consid- erable time and money to spray, prunc, and cultivate these trees. The trees were heavily loaded and two boys from the neighboring town were given the job of picking them. They jerked the apples from the limbs without regard to the fruit spurs or stems and after dropping the-m in the picking basket with a thud, they were roughly dumped into buShel crates on the ground. They did not think to bend over to ease the fall of the fruit and nearly every apple received a serious bruise at some time druing the harvesting operations. These apples were not a fancy variety and could not expect to bring a high price on the market, but if the trees were worth caring for, the fruit was certainly valuable enough to handle in such a manner as to bring a just re- turn for the money and labor expended. “'hat was the. result with these early harvest apples? The farmer could not immediately haul them to town and they remained for several hours in the bushel crates in the orchard. It was a hot, sun— ny day and the fruit became. seriously spotted, showing up the slightest bruise that had been made by the careless hand- ling. The grower took them to the can- ning factory, which had been buying ap- ples, but the manager looked over the display apd refused the entire load and said that he could not use any more ap— ples His reason was simply that their bruised condition made necessary their immediate use and any delay in handling would result in serious loss. He did not wish to speculate on that load, or any other load of fruit from the farm of a man who had allowed his apples to be— come So bruised that they were not even desirable for canning. A little care on the part of the pickers would have saved a large part of the loss and they might have brought a fair return for the labor. Fancy apples cannot stand the use of mechanical pickers as there is danger of bruising and puncturing the skin and the stems are often pulled out, leaving an opportunity for the entrance of rot-DFO' ducing SDOI‘eF. Hauling to the packing house is also a source of injury and prompt transportation On a good spring wagon drawn by a steady horse, and guided by a careful driVer will do much to prevent serious injury. When to Pick Apples—And How. The apple is said to be mature when the the seeds tum dark brown but as the seeds cannot be examined, the picker must use his judgment and dependlarge- ly on the outside appearances. Early ap- ples should be harvested just as they be- gin to soften, unless they are varieties that soon become dry and mealy. In that case they should be placed on the market a few days before ripening time. Winter apples are the most important and they should be allowed to mature on the trees but never to ripen. When still too hard to be dented by thumb pressure, and be- fore heavy frosts appear, the late winter varieties should be in the packing house. Color is an important factor in deter- mining the market price of apples and some Western packing associations will not allow fancy red apples to be shipped from their packing stations unless 70 per cent of each apple is red. As the trees will not usually ripen their fruit evenly, this will require going over the trees sev- eral times before completing the picking. During the last two or three days, while the apples remain on the trees, the high color rapidly increases and some varieties do not show their best color until the leaves begin to fall and the sun enters to develop a more radiant blush. It is thus apparent that the market and the distance from the market should influence the time of picking. Fruit that is to be sold to a local trade can be left on the tree until it has taken on a high color and it will be more attractive on the market. “'hen apples are to be shipped a long diStance, they should be picked as soon as they mature and often they will hold up better if they are harvested a few days before reaching full maturity. The picking of apples is a simple 0p- eration to the skilled hand who was brought up in the business but it is awk- ward to the man who has never had any experience in orchard work. The farmer has to depend largely on men who have a limited experience and therefore he should spend some time in explaining and demonstrating the best way of doing the job. An hour spent in giving instruction at the beginning of the season will prove a good investment of time and the farmer will be repaid for his efforts long before the end of the harvest. Apples should not be pulled from the twigs as it jerks out the stems, but when the fruit is firmly grasped and raised at an angle to the twig, then quickly given a sharp twist, there is little danger of injury. The stem will snap smoothly from the spur unless the fruit is very green and if they will not break off eas- ily, it'is a sign that it is rather early to begin the harvest of that particular va- riety. There are many receptacles that are Suitable for gathering apples but the fun- damental principle is to get a pickintg contrivance that will not injure the fruit and can be hooked on the limbs. thus giv- ing the picker the free use of both hands. The apples should becarefully laid in the basket and special care is necessary when placing the fruit in the baskets on the orchard wagon. Fancy apples must be handled two at a time and never care- lessly dumped from one basket into an- other. Never pick up the windfalls on the ground and mix them in the baskets with the fresh picked fruit. The fallen apples are bruised and usually covered with dirt and the danger of rotting is greatly increased. Any infection will spread rapidly and if the fruit is placed in cold storage it may mean the destruc- tion of a large per cent of the fine fruit. The heat of the. sun warms the apples that have fallen on the ground and their keeping qualities are greatly diminished. Peaches Cannot be Shlpped After Ripenlng. The peach has the best flavor when it is allowed to ripen on the tree, but this is imposSible when the fruit must endure transportation to distant markets. Leave peaches on the tree as long as possible. depending on the distance to their final destination, and the cold storage facilities of the community where they are shipped, and the efficiency of the railroad or steamboat company in rapidly handling the shipments. The fruit must not be overripe 01‘ t00 green. and considerable experience is required to know just the right time to begin the harvesting of each variety. The Elberta is a firm variety and can be allowed to hang on the trees until much riper than a. soft fleshed vari- W ‘i. ‘\‘lli;"':"" "’1’,an ii; ., ‘\ WM ‘1...) Vi lh‘ 'lltl‘ w" W 1‘1 ' , ;.\\\\\\\ll tiri‘ in “We Kg“ 1,? \\\\\$\\WWWW Wig” West and Eastern land. may be homesteaded. H. 212 Majestic Bulldlng, - GEO. B. HAYNES, General Passenger Agent 1* ,1 V 1 WWW K \ \ ‘ WA“ V‘ '1 if N \WMMW lip‘gwifi; “lit .. Jet/lamp with \I n" I” W RV At Harves t Time See for yourself the giant crops Montana has pro-1 duced this year—the largest in the history of the state. Meet the people and learn first hand of the splendid opportunities that await you there. Montana is the greatest grain- producing state in the Union. Land costing less than one- -third will produce twice the yields of Middle There are also millions of acres of fertile Government Land that Low round-trip homeseekers’ tickets are on sale on the first and third Tuesdays of every month via the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Ry. Books that contain a fund of information vitally important to the man seek- ing facts about Montana and its opportunities will be sent free on request to W. STEINHOFF, D. P. A. Detroit. Michigan. 0. E. SHANER. Immigration Agent 750 Marquette Building CHICAGO Wanted— successful Farmers In the San Joaquin Valley, California. This great, valley in the heart of California yet; has room for over half a million men who will farm its fertile acres in the way they should be farmed. There is no room for the failure— no place for the man who can not succeed where he is. But there is a wonderful oppor- tunity for the man who has the success habit. Here is a climate that will grow all the products of the temperate zone, and many of those of the tropical. You have no long cold winters. Every day can be profitably spent in out-of—door work. Here is a soil which under irrigation is of surpassing richness. Here is ample water and all conditions of pleasant living in a well-settled land. We will tell you of the opportunities in gen- eral. We will search out for you just the kind of a location'yo'u are seeking. It might take you weeks or months and many miles of travel to find the spot that our knowledge of local conditions will direct you to at once. After you have found the spot we will send to you a man who knows this country thor- oughly, and if you wish he will tell you‘ the methods and crop rotations which are most successful here. All this service is free. It is part of the effort: the Santa Fe is making to let people know of the advantages along its lines. The railroad has no land to sell and no interest to serve but: your ultimate success here. What the San Joaquin Valley is, and what others are doing here, is told in our two books, which are free and yours for the asking. Then if you are interested enough to ask fur- ther questions, you will find me eager to an- swer. C. L. Seagraves, Genl. Colonization Agt. , A. T. &. S. F. Ry., 2295 Railway Exchange, Chicago FALL PLANTING IS BEST1332&’$%°§1im§2 lo. Peach Pear Cherry. and other Trees and 15:11“. Sand for catalog at once and order for 33.21533 Ernst Nurseries, Box 2 ,Moscow,0. 24 BULBS FOR 100. and Complete Trent-e on Bulb Culture, indoor. and out, and beautiful Catalogue- ALL FOR 10 CENTS. These 24 Bulbs, 8 each of 8 different , kinds, Tulips, Jonquils, G. Hyacinth: Iris, Freesius. ac” will make beautiful pot flowers for winter or lovely early spring flowers for the garden. Plant now. Our Catalogue of Hyacinthl, Tulips, Nar- cissus, Lilies, Hardy Plant: and rate winter- blooming planta FREE TO ALL. , John Lewis Chlldo, Floral Park, N. Y. “MONARCH” Cider Press . will net more money for you than any other investment y o u make. lobbl. to 400011131. per day. Also makers of apple buttercookers. evaporators, etc. A. B. FARQUHAR C0.. le., Box 108. York. Pa. 19 13 Illu- The season for picking beans 13 at hand, and we again call- your attention to our llllll &. Wildl Pickers Price $41.0.b. Vassar. .If you have no beans of your own to pick, earn a little extra money by, picking your neighbors. Send money or write for catalog to The Miller Company, Vassar, Illichigan. » - - Pulverized Lime Rock We can ship ir earload lots in two days after ordor is received from Muskegon and Benton Harbor. Write for prices direct to you. LAKE SHORE STONE 00.. Mllwaukoo. WI! SEED WHEAT GOEING WHEAT. A hardy variety of bearded red wheat. Stiff straw Never lod es. Very produc- tive. Ihave l'Owdl it for care. rite for sample and price. ON 0. L LLIE Cooperavillo, Mich. BU SHEL G R A TE S‘i‘éflfid‘i‘e‘i o. s. BUSH. Mason. Michigan. When writing} advertisers please mention The Michigan F armcr ‘ or. apple. oherr and omfigacea only practl'o fit if he ht r1 his and handled ri ht. Let us help you. 53:12:15: ninrketiiigg (nigger-1 well as in so lin trees. has taught: us which varieties are most. dependable under various con itlons. plum "161131 ‘8 33mg)? th Collins Orchard 0 08.11 or 0 al pmvBenl’fIllR J. COLLINS. Box 21. MOORESTOWN. N. . Longs Our stock of by the hundreds of thousands. Guide. tod each a ——It Bean Pickers i ‘SEPTKZ'Z. 1913. " .' ety like the Belle of Georgia. Hot, mug. 8? weather increases. the danger from Irot- - ting, and careful inspection should be. given the peach orchard to determine the daily condition of the various varieties. A sudden warm rain, with an increasing temperature, will hasten the deVeiopment of peaches so that every hour will mean money to the grower. At such a time it is necessary to be familiar with the con- . dition of the trees and rapid work is nec- essary to prevent serious financial loss. ‘Peaches cannot be shipped to a distant market if they show any soft spots and so it is necessary “to harvest the crop while they are still firm and just as the bluSIh is beginning to “show. The fruit will not mature evenly and it is neces- sary to go over the trees two or three times in order to ship all of the crop in the proper condition. Great care is necessary in handling peaches, as they bruise easily and will not stand rough treatment without ser- ious loss. The halfAbushel basket, or a -one-third bushel basket with one side curved to fit the body will make a satis- factory carrier for peach picking. These baskets can be strapped around the shoul- ders and held securely to prevent jost- ling. The fruit muSt be removed from the pick=ng basket with much care, or serious bruising will result. When Are Pears Ready to Harvest? Lift the pear, and if you are handling a specimen with a slightly changed co‘or and it readily snaps from the tree. than it as reached maturity. The Bart'ett may be picked before it has reached ma- turity and it will ripen into a fine flavored fruit. Most pears will become granular if they are allowed to, remain on the trees until fully colored, and after being placed in cold storage they soon become soft and mushy. The majority of varie- ties wiil be much better in flavor if they are picked before maturity and allowed to mature in the house. The pear is a dessert fruit and should be handled with as much, care as the peach or the apple. The stems extend out from the fruit in a way that makes them liable to breaking and this not only presents an opportunity for the entrance of diseases, but spoils the appearance of the fruit on the market. There are many problems in picking that cannot be solved by the inexperi- enced man and the fruit farmer should not send new men into the orchard without giving them some instruction that will enable them to do better work. The man of limited horticultural experience can- not do efficient work without practice, no matter how great his efforts. The farm- er should take plenty of time to teach his men all that he has learned about proper harvesting methods and it will pay well for the time expended in the instruction. Ingham Co. B. G. KIRBY. KEEP THE GARDEN SANITARY. At this season of the year it is quite common to find the home gardens throughout Michigan covered with potato and tomato vines, corn husks, and the like. In the control of diseases and in- sects that do damage to the crops of the garden, it is passible to do a great amount of good in the way of preventing the at- tacks of insects and fungous diseases the following year. by careful destruction of such garden refuse. In the fall, after the crops have been harvested, all of the refuse that remains on the ground should be gathered up and placed in a compost heap or it should be burned if found to be diseased or to have been attacked by insects during the sum— mer. Many of the garden insects find protection for the winter under any loose material that may remain in the garden such as refuse or old boards. Dead vines or leaves of plants are very often covered with spores of the diseases which affect those crops during the growing season, and these should be burned. as they pos- sess very little value as a. fertilizer. Ingham Co. I. J. MATHEWS. The plum curculio is easy to control if the grower already sprays for brown rot, as it is simply a matter of adding one and one-half pounds of arsenate of lead to 50 gallons of the fungicide and putting it on the trees one month after the pet- als fall. Peaches in full bearing can be sprayed for brown rot and the plum cur- culio at the same time using all three applications, for about four to five cents per tree, the expense varying with the cost of labor in the vicinity. The plum curculio will continue to do much dam- age in the fruit belt until better spray- ing methods are adopted to put the de- structive snout beetle out of business. EmmimuummmnmmnmnmuummmlwmlmmnnmnuuwuImuumlmmnlllfl ' Our Motto—“The farmer is of more consequence than the farm, and should be first improved." THE OCTOBER PROGRAMS. State Lecturer’s Suggestions for First Meeting. Song. A story—told by a woman. How can we help blot out the great “White Plague.” Tuberculosis? Discus- sion based on experience in sleeping out of doors. Prayer, “A Tuberculosis Day Prayer.” by Chaplain. ' Humorous recitation. Violin solo. A. sold rye for 80c a bushel to the vil- . lage merchant, who‘ in turn sold it to 13., who lives on a farm leSS than two miles from A. What remedy would you sug- gest? Discussion. Appointment of committees to visit schools. Some of the things I liked in this pro- gram today. Ciosing song. Suggestions for Second Moe-ting. Song. Reports of committees appointed at last meeting to visit schools. Duet. A “yarn.” “Methods of a successful farmer whom I know,” by three men. Reading, “Better Babies." “What are correct measurements for a child one year old?” Halloween stunts and refreshments in charge of “Surprise committee.” Music secured for this program by some member whom lecturer cannot get to “talk in Grange." THE DUTY OF A GRANGER. (Extracts from a paper read by Mrs. Willard Upright at a. recent meeting of Charlotte Grange). The Grange is not a living being. It is only at best an organization composed of just as many parts as there are members belonging. We cannot think that just joining this Grange and paying our dues finishes our obligation. Nothing of the kind. No success can be obtained by so doing. Each new member, as he joins the Grange, becomes a factor of it and each and every one have their work to do. I! II it t We need you and your work; not mere- ly your money and name on our books. That will not do anything. Sometimes a mere name will make people stop and listen, but back of that the person whOSe name was mentioned had done some ac- tive piece of important work before his name came into prominence. So do not sit by and do nothing, for we never gain anything that way. As long as we have joined the Grange we will infer that we have. had some purpose. whether social, legislative, educational or financial, but some definite purpose known only to our- selves. . t 4! It If your idea when joining was for the social part of the Grange, yOu knew where to go for a good time, for we are a very sociable people and have some fine times here, but we cannot do it all alone. nor can the Grange itself give the nice times; it must have some individuals that have worked and brought out ideas for entertainment, then fulfilling their ideas or bringing them to action. Now, you know beSt what would interest you, and why not put your hands and mind to work, and when you have some. ideas on social things jot them down in the mem- orandum book the overseer gave you at time of initiation, and bring them in. When there is a committee appointed on entertainment go to them with your book- let and they will have something to work from. . e t It *_ If you have joined for the legislative part of it and to help out the Grange in the good work it is doing, you must have some ideas of your own on what the Grange might to do, what it can do and what you, individually, would like it to do. Co-operation ought to do wonders for us, not only financially. but legisla- tively. Did not we let ourselves be known down at Washington during the reciproc- ity battle? I should say so. Have we not been heard for some ’time past? What have we done for our country and the people in it? Take rural delivery and parcel post for example. Each bill prob- ably originated in some one man’s brain and he spoke of it to someone else and it kept growing until it is full grown and we are reaping the benefits of the idea now. e y e on Take the educationalpart of it. If any .11“ HE MI; ea 1 GA N“ FA RM E R - have anything to say on this subject let them out with it. If they have any com- plaints to make let them make them, and the Grange will give censideration. If they have ideas, as I know we all have who have children. or have any remarks. to make, let us speak freely and not stand back in the collar and fume, as that will not accomplish anything. Now, for in— stance, if we do not like the increase in tuition let us speak of it with a resolu- tion and see what we can do. The first . thing we should do would be to investi- gate. If asked for, an investigating com- mittee of the Grange would'be appointed and they could find out the particulars. . t t t 3 Now the financial part of it. Co-opera- tion is a very important factor of this. To get best reSults we must co-operate. Not only that, but to get financial bene- fits from the Grange we must be at the meetings and, when these subjects come up, make our wants known. \Ve have had some members who joined the Grange and left it because they could not get the money benefit they expected. If the truth were known they were not at the meet- ings when twine and fertilizer and coal and the other commodities Were talked of. If they had been, and had made known their wants. they probably would have had their satisfaction. Or if they were there, they may have remained silent and never made known their wants. AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES. Interested in Silo FiiIlng.——At the meet- ing of VVashtenaw Pomona, held at Chel- sea. Sept. 9, the topic, “Best Method of Filling :1 Silo," appealed to the majority ”of members present. Phillip Broesamie told» how they fill silos arOund Chelsea. Their outfit consists of gasoline engine, two teams and six men, with two men in the silo to pack the ensiiage. Mrs. _Ben Kelly, of Ypsilanti, said their silo required a 20-h0rsepower engine, five teams and 13 men, and took a day and a half of work to fill, it. B. M. Hoppe thought that too many men, required too much labor for the housewives. However, he admit- ted that ensiiage is a good feed. One may feed it to cattle. horses, sheep, hogs, chickens, and he declared that some men like it. Whereupon the sisters suggested that its use upon the table might assxst in solving the high cost of living. Grand Traverse Pomona held its quar- terly meeting with East Bay Grange on Sept. 5 and 6. with representatives pres- ent from Long Lake, Peninsula, Grand Traverse and Williamsburg Granges. Geo. Arnold and wife, of VViiliamsburg. and Miss Lena Pepper, of Long Lake, were elected delegates to the State Grange meeting to be held at Flint in December. The subject, “How the Farms of this County May be Improved,” was given a thorough discussion, as was also the top- ic, "The New School Laws.” The Grange passed resolutions endorsing the proposed uniformity of text books for the county. A Children’s Meeting was held early in the month by Coopersville Grange. About 160 members and invited friends were present and listened with pleasure to the program, given by the children and young people, which was held in the. lower hall. Although many of them had never taken part in a program before, all did well and every Selection was worthy of special mention. After the program all passed to the upper hall, where the time was merrily spent in contestswhich had been previously arranged. until the announce- ment of supper. ' Farm Credits was the topic of chief concern at the meeting of Grand Traverse Grange held Sept. 6. Several members described symptoms of credit in use in European countries, reporting them to be quite successful. Conditions prevailing in this country were clearly brought out and it was the consensus of opinion that some method should be devised for pro- viding farmers with funds, through long time loans, to tide them over trying times and to enable them to prepare for future creps. Grain and Stock vs. Fruit.——Vermoni- ville Grange. at a recent meeting, dis- cuSSed the advantages of fruit culture at some length, some contending that Eaton county farmers might profitably give more attention to fruit raising and less to grain and stock farming. A majority of those present, however, seemed to look upon grain and stook as surer crops than fruit and therefore preferable for the average fat'mer. Fall Sale Yields Funds.-—Tanner Grange. of Manistee county, conducts an annual fall sale of ladies and children's readY- to-wear clothing, such as dresses, aprons, waists, underskirts, etc, as a means of raising funds. This year's sale was held several weeks ago, the affair being fol- lowed by a dance and the serving of re- freshments which considerably augment- ed the receipts. Ironton Grange lncorporates.—-—At the last meeting in August, Ironton Grange, of Charlevoix counay, became incorporat- ed and elected new officers for the re- mainder of the year. Plans were made for the annual plowing match which oc- curs late in September. o comm: EVENTS. Pomona Meetings. Eaton Co., with Delta Mills Grange. Saturday, .Oct. 18." Prof. French, of M. §.hc.,l will talk on ”Agriculture in Rural c 00 s.” ~ 23—283 filmHillHilliHill"llHiiHliiiiliiliililllliillliiiliiiliiillliliillliiilliiIHHlHIlliiiliiiiiIIIIIIIIIIIiiiIiiH EFarmers’ Clubs E |IlliliiHllfllilillilillillilHiliiliililllllliillilfliliilllllliliilIlilllliillliiliiillllllllllllllllliillillillllllgl OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIA- TION OF FARMERS’ CLUBS. President—Jas. N. McBride, Burton. Vice-President—-—C_ B. Scully, Almont. Secretary-Treasurer—Mrs. C. P. John- son. Metamora. Corresponding Secretary—Mrs. Wm. T. McConnell, Owosso. Directors—C. P. Johnson, Metamora; H. W. Chamberlain, White Lake; Wm. T: Hill, Carson City; Jerry Spaulding, Balding; R. J. Robb, Mason; J. F. Rie- man, Flint. Address all communications relative to the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C. P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich. @ Associationai Motto: The skillful hand, with cultured mind. is the farmer's most valuable asset. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETS. A meeting of the executive committee of the Slate ASsociation of Farmers' Clubs was held on the State Fair grounds last week and a tentative outline of the pro- gram for the next associational meeting was arranged. President McBride stated that the prospects were excellent for a most inStructive and entertaining pro- gram. MEMORY DAY SENTIMENT. A brief history of the Memory Day movement in Michigan was given in this department of the last issue, together with a poem expressive of the beautiful sentiment of Memory Day, which may be made the subject of both thought and ac- tion by every Club member, and for that matter by every citizen of the state. The Memory Day sentiment is in itself a beautiful sentiment and one which will enoble its possessor since it will enable him to not only cherish but emulate all that was beautiful in the characters of departed friends. The average person finds too little time from the hurry and cares of everyday life for the wholesome reflections which will be inspired by put- ting oneself in sympathy with the Mem- ory Day idea and sentiment. Consequent- ly the appropriate observance of Septem- ber 30 as Memory Day by devoting it to the care of the graves of the dear de- parted friends Will not only be a whole- some expression of our appreciation of their lives, but will as Well prove an in- spiration which will aid us in making our own lives more useful or our thoughts more sympathetic and our own acts more kind. Let us then. one and all, whether we are members of the Farmers’ Club or not, give a little time to such an observance of Memory Day, to the end that not only ourb‘clves but the community in which we live may be fittingly benefited thereby. WiII Hold Club Falr.~The Washington Center Farmers’ Club was held at Sunny Slope Farm with Mr. and Mrs. B. S. Gil- man, Thursday, Sept. 11-13. Meeting was called to order by President Long. Music by the Club. After reading of the mill- u‘tes, and miscellaneous business, Mrs. French. gave a very good report of the jomt picnic held in Clinton county Aug. 21, Greenbush, Essex and \Vushington Clubs joining. Roll call was responded to by naming a musical composer, A fine muSical and literary program was renu tiered. This ended the lust half-(lav meet- ings of the year, after which Ceike and ice cream were served to nearly 60. The next meetlng will be the Club Fair and chicken-pie dinner at “Riverside," at the home of Mr. and Mrs. C. N. Curren, ()ci. 9. “Music! That can touch beyond all else the soul that loves.” Open Club Season—After our summer vacation the Bust Arlington Farmers' Club met lit the pleasant home of Mr. and Mrs. George Hutchins. We were wel- coined by our host and hostess. assisted by their daughter and husband, Mr. and Mrs. Green. The forenoon was spent in Viewmg stock, visiting, and discussing farm work. Soon after one O'clock an elegant three-course dinner was served. There we llngered long, until our presi- dent,.Mr. Alfonso Cross, raised the gavel warning us that the hour had arrived for Clubwork. The program was as follows: Singing by the Club: roll call, notes on philanthropy; report of committee: col- lection for flower fund of five centS' pa— per. “Rest from \l’ork.” by Mrs. Blake- ledge. Talk, “Mothercraft and Philan— thropy,” and poem, “Defense of the Am- bulance,” Mrs. I. Monroe. chers fol- lowed m talk on philanthropy. Question for diseussmn: “Is it best for the farm- rers to have an expert visit the farm?" l‘here was quite a diversion on the subject. and many good points suggested. This concluded the exercises, but before leav- lng We were again treated to luscious melons. Then bidding good-day, to meet Dec. 11, with Mr. and Mrs. Monroe.— Mrs. Carrie J. Monroe, Cor. Sec. rm. u, 5y WI” ”,1 6| 5.. DWAV WILLIAM G , ALLOWAV Warenmloffmwv They are the best and cheapest salesmen in the world. They Will save you from $50.00 to $300.00 on Gasoline Engines; $35.00 to $50.00 on Cream Separators; $25.00. to $45.00 on Manure Spreaders and from 20 to 50% on hundreds of other articles for the farm, home and family. Yes, Sir; my catalogs are the best and cheapest salesmen on earth. And I can mail any one of them to you for considerably less than what a salesman ordinarily pays for a good Cigar— in other words, a two or three-cent stamp pays all _ the traveling expenses of my Catalog Salesman. My Catalog Salesmen show you just how Galloway Machines are made, the kind. of materials they are made of, the sort of high-grade, modern machinery used in their construction, and explain in simple terms our “Square Deal,” direct-from-factory, one—profit only, plan of selling. You’ll find all my statements and claims in “black and white” always before you. 'My Catalog Sales- men won’t bother you or take up your valuable time when in the field or at Work on some important job, but they are always at hand when you want to consult them. And best of all, they save you big money for they save you all the middlemen’s profits. When you buy of Galloway you pay JUST ONE SMALL MANUFACTURER’S PROFIT in addition to the actual cost of materials and labor that enter into the construction of the machine. It’s this “short cut”-—“direct from factory” plan of selling that makes it possible for me to offer you as high a grade 5 h. p. gasoline engine as there is on- the market today for only $99.50, or a com- plete manure spreader at only $69.50 and the new incomparable 500-lb. capacity Galloway Sanitary Cream Separator at only $42.50. Now, all you have to do to get the benefit of my tremendous money saving prices is to write for_ one of my catalogs. THEY ARE MY ONLY SALESMEN. Send for the Catalog you want today. I am making it easy for you to get these books—for all you need to do is Just fill in the coupon below, tear off and mail today, for catalog wanted—or just write me a postal. Now I am Going to tell You Some Inside Facts about My Business I haven’t any secrets about my business—the more my farmer friends know about it the better I am satisfied. My offices and factories .are always open for your inspection. Thousands of my farmer friends and customers visit our big chain of factories every year and see at first hand Just exactly the way we build our machines and examine the materials that are used in their construction; then go back to their homes more than ever satisfied that every statement and claim I make about Galloway Made Machines is true. I only wish every farmer in America could see just how Galloway Machines are made. If you could, my factories would have to be enlarged to ten times their present size (7% acres of floor space) and then couldn’t meet the demand. I know it. Because Galloway Made Machines have the merit—that is proven today by the fact that our satisfied customers (over 135,000) can be found in every state in the Union and in over thirty Foreign Countries. Seven years ago the name “Galloway” was practically unknown—today the “Sun never sets on Galloway Made Machines.” No big business is built by accident. It’s got to have something substantial back of it. Isn’t that a fact? Now, I’ve enlarged my line this year so that I can supply you with anything you want for the farm, home or family. My big 144-page Merchandise Book is chuck full of bargains on machinery and implements, household furnishings, rugs, carpets, tapestries, linolcuins, stoves, furniture, sewing machines, buggies, harness, washing machines, clothing for men, women and children, watches and jewelry—and many other lines—all selling at regular wholesale prices. Get my big General Merchandise Book and let me save you 20 to 50 per cent on the things you buy. It is the big catalog shown at the right at top of page. Write for it today. Just use coupon below. The Qply Way is the Galloway—Selling Direct from Factory to Farm m “_ . . . Let me prove it to you. I want to show you Just what a man can do for you when he Will sell you direct from his own factories to your farm. I want you to see for yourself what an amazing difference it makes in prices when you don’t have to pay a lot of middlemen’s profits. I want to show you how simple and easy it is to buy by mail the Galloway Way. With every machine backed by a 30 to 90—day Free Trial Privilegc a strictly legal five—year warranty on materials, printed in black and white, that goes out With every machine that leaves our factories—and a $25,000 Bond that guarantees you right at the start that we Will fulfill every claim and statement we make—Now, Just conSider this plan a minute. Read it over again. Then tell me—Did you ever buy goods of anybody where you had such a perfect guarantee of satisfaction back of_ them? Never! Then, best of all, 'I will make you practically any terms you want—on .any Galloway Made Machine—- terms that our competitors cannot equal and prices never before even approached by competition on strictly standard, high grade machines. That’s what it means to buy the Galloway Way—that’s why thousands of farmer busmess men Will tell you the “Only \Vay is the Galloway—Selling Direct from Factory to Farm.” Try it and be convinced. Write for the Catalog Salesman you want me to send to you today. Fill in c‘oupon below. The Famous Station- , ‘ " , fi """"" Here’s My New Low ary GallowayS II. P. 399% \~ We: —~ _','|' Price on the Gallo- 6951! Engine. New Low is “Egg? 3”" way No. A, 50-60 Bu. ’7‘ ilElAi‘ii’ '5 . ‘ , i 4 5, F , “ ‘ \; iii. Lari)“ 5 ,7 , ..w~>___f ' F. 0. B. Waterloo. Chico . r ' .. 1:- . F. o. B. Waterloo, Chic , PI'ICB NOW only . Kansas Cit or SLI’aulgo f.-,Pmmmu§l'fafillw ' 4. complete Spreader Kansas City or St. Pluralgo Your choxce of any Size or style ofv the entire 3 ‘ k 3‘- 3-11 ," 1.! ' And fight on top Of this remarkably 10‘” Galloway Line from_ 13/; h. p. to 15 h. p., mounted lT—:fi‘~“g‘jj‘“f”’f.,‘__',21"-"g price I will make you this absolutel unheard- or stationary, at prices to match this never-before- 30 D3 5. 5- ~- of offer. I will send you any one o my seven 80 Days: heard-0f price on my Famous Galloway 5 h. p. Free 12m“ ' \ ——e’_"‘~r styles of Spreaders to your farm and let you Free Trial Save $50to$300 Stationary Engine. Yes, sir; I’ll let you pick out gave $2.5m \ try it absolutely at my own TiSk WithOUt your 45 any one of my nine different models you want. I’ll let you test it any way you choose sending me one cent in advance 01' making any ballk deposit. All I 351‘ is our right on your own farm, at my risk. I want you to compare it point by point with any bank reference. This offer is open to any responsible person anywhere. ow, style or ’inake of gasoline engine on the market. and I don’t care \what the other engine that’s the sort of confidence I place in my unsurpassed Spreaders. Did you ever get an costs. Ill put. .any Galloway engine right up against any other engine made, absolutely ofier like this before from anyone? Neverl But I kHOW my Spreaders Will stand any test regardless of price, and let you keep the engine that suits you best. But, _remember, when you care to give them. My confidence is not based on my own judgment alone, but on the you bug of me I agree to save youvfrom $50 to $300, depending on the Size you buy. judgment of over 40,000‘satisfied Galloway Spreader customers. My new Catalog shows . an you_ beat that offer? l\everl You can’t. equal _it anywhere. And I’ve been my new, unequalled, low-down, semi—underslung spreader. Get it. making Just this sort of offer for years and my engine busmes's has grown by leaps and Now is the time to write me for I’ve made the most phenomenal slash in manure bounds every year. Why? Simply because I am givmg my customers a better engine for spreader prices in history. I’ve simply gone the limit. I’ve cut ’em clear to the bone. less moneydhan. any other 'concern in the country. \Vhen I sell an engine it helps me Yes, sir; you want my spreader p"ices before you consider buying any other Style or sell more right in that section. Remember, on my dii-eci-fi'om-faciory plan you must be make. Get my Spreader Catalog Salesman. Just fill in coupon. satisfied or your money “'1“ be cheerfully refunded and I will pay all the freight. You iiiléiecntioiiiSki>’i;i‘ai§:ei}e3iidpl-iooiagi (iii) £35111??? iiiéllsiiifggaooé’alfi)0£§ylg. yoeur complete $4250 That’s My New Direct-from-Factory Priceonthe , . . ., . l 1 ngln users. N ew Galloway Sanitary 500 Lbs. Cap. Separator Now, don’t be misled by other concerns making a lower price than 5 50 Buys a Complete Galloway 5 H. P. __ P this. Note first what the capacity of their machine is then note my price — ortable WOOd saWiné outfit and capacity. My SOO-lb. capacity machine is the smallest size I make That means Complete portable engine with detachable saw frame, and it‘s absolutely the smallest size it will pay you to buy. Then I make saw blade, saw guards, belt and belt tightener and 20x6