@Ii 7U L15” ,3. . ~.\~>\ \\ \\ \\ \h ._——"’ “recur E D WEEKLY. 4/ [WU/[r %////7, 6 \ em \mw . «\kaw \\\\\\\\\t\" I// W \\v The Only Weekly A—gricult ural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State. VOL. CXLI, No. 16. ; Whole Number 3665. DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, OCT. 18, 1913. 50 CENTS A YEAR. 32 FOR 5 YEARS. T is often remarked that we are not I farming as our forefathers farmed. We might properly add that we are not thinking as our forefathers thought. We have- far different problems to solve. Our forefathers followed along in a. well beaten path and imitated the prac- tices of those before them and around them without tracing effects to causes. Their methods were empirical and not according to any plans suggested by scientific knowledge. They put their time and effort into their farming, and if in return they were favored with good crops they considered themselves success- ful farmers. If conditions on their farms were unfavorable and their crops were not good their neighbors pronounced them failures. After long periods of years of raisin: crops and selling them off the farms, the yields of grain rapidly diminished. A feeling of alarm was universal for the prospects of future profits on the outlay of labor and Seed had vanished. To get relief some ”pulled up stakes” and moved to the frontier where bright prospects were again before the-m. It has been my privilege to meet pioneers who have mov- ed from their so-called “betterments” to a new portion of country, four different times. They were soil robbers, living by waSting the virgin endowments of the soil, until through age, and lack of more fields to injure by actual abuse, they have passed from the stage of action or set- tled down to deplore the fact that “farm- in’ is not what it used to be.” The more stable and thoughtful ones bought out their neighbors’ “betterments” and applied themselves to the, task of rejuvenating and improving the condition of the injured and partially worn out soils. Stories of improving the worn out soil, by sowing clover, and rotating the crops, were believed, and the plans were adopted with considerable success. Farmers generally cOngratulated them- selves with the idea that they had learn- ed the “art of farming.” Up to the time that the Michigan Agricultural College was established the plan of applying scientific knowledge to farming was not seriously considered, except, perhaps, by a limited number of men who lived in ad- vance of their age. Things proceeded well for a time. The CIOVer acted as a soil rejuvenator when plowed under, and was valuable as a for- age crop where live stock was kept and manure returned to the soil, which was also an aid in maintaining soil fertility. But alas! farmers failed to get a catch of clover and the rotation was broken up too often. The cause for the failure of the clover was not well understood. Our good Dr. Miles said that the land had become “clover sick" and farmers would have to wait until the land would again endure the clover. \Ve were frightened from other sources by the, statements made that the avail— able nitrtogen in the soils would, in a short period of time, be exhausted, and our farms would be but a barren waste. But the investigator, Hellriegel, who had the curiosity of a small boy with a watch, pried open the works of the fauna and flora of the “invisible kingdom” of life, and di5covered that the nodules on the roots of the legumes were the home of bacteria that gather nitrogen from the atmosphere, and that clover which was considered valuable as a. forage plant would carry with it nitrogen to the soil, both as a green manure and in barnyard manure. The investigators were disappointed in many trials. Clover refused to grow in some soils, which by analysis they found were sour; and like a mother of a child with a sour stomach, who would give a dose of lime water, they applied lime to the soil, which worked well as long as the food for the bacteria in the soil lasted. They soon found that the bacteria relish- ed starches and sugars, which are car— bohydrates. Sugar was applied to the soil with varying results. “'hen applied in. the winter it did no good: then ap- plied in the summer the crops responded. But sugar is costly food for the farmers to feed the little workers in the nodules on the roots of the legumes. By seriously thinking the matter over the reason why the Englishman who plows under a crop of sweet turnips can get a catch of clover began to dawn upon them. Analy‘n‘is proved that decayed tur- nips were rich in starch, just the kind of food needed by the bacteria, the reason why the farmer who sows clover with rape gets a catch. and why as far as rape is sown in the fields of spring oats and. barley, the clover gets root and “stays,” as the farmers express it. They begin to see that the sheepmen who sow turnips on their lght, sandy soils, seed to clover and pasture, with sheep to stamp down and compact the soil while they enrich it with their urine and droppingS, get a catch of clover and begin to build up their poor, worn out lands, have given too much credit to the sheep. The ex- creta from the roots of the turnips, and subsequent decayed portions of the tur- nips themselves furnish the food needed by the bacteria that live in the nodules on the roots of the clover and carry to the clover roots the nitrogen that stimu- lates the growth of the young plants, and thereby aids in not only getting a , Turnips, Rape and Clover Seeding. “catch,” but aids in buildng up the soil, preparing it for the production'of other crops. If, by the employment of members of the cabbage and turnip families, we can avoid intcruption of the clover crop in the rotation, we will have gained an im- portant point; and if we can insure a. growth of clover in the worn out and thin soil, we will be able to take the first step toward rejuvenating and making valuable many of what are now worth- less spots on the surface of the earth. Rape and turnip seed may be made val- uable agents that Will assist us in coax- ing representatives of the “invisible world” to perform the important task of extracting nitrogen from the bountiful supply in the air, and make it possible for several individuals—of the human fam- ily to exist where only one exists now. \Ve have reason to thank the investigator, Hellriegel, for “taking the works apart,” so to speak, and showing us some of the sccrets of the abyss of nature, which will be of inestimable value in solving many serious problems in the future. Wayne Co. N. A. CLAPP. EXPERIENCE WITH SWEET CLOVER. I have sown sweet clover during the past four years, in a variety of ways, at different seasons, on hard clay, sand and muck, on good and poor land, and find that, sown in the Spring with shallow covering, or no covering at all, it has all done well, with the exception of that sown in the pasture. That came up and looked fine for a while, but the stock grazed it so closely that it soon disap- peared. Four years ago sixteen acres were seed- ed to clover, using equal parts of June Normal, as compared with 65.3 per cent for the Country, a Michigan is Strictly in the “Corn Belt." @enasco THE TRINIDAD-LAKE'ASPHALT WW3 Just as oil in harness- leather makes it pliable and keeps it from cracking, so the ‘ natural oils of Trinidad Lake asphalt preserve Genasco Roofing against the drying-out of wind and weather. The oils of Trinidad Lake asphalt are put there by Nature—and put there to stay. The oils 1n roofings made of substitutes for natural asphalt are put there by mam—and they soon dry out. Genasco lastingly waterproofs all your roofs. It saves you money in the end. Ask your dealer for Genasco. And you get the Kant-leak Kleet in every roll of smooth surface Gcnasco—makes roofing doubly easy to lay and waterproofs the seams without cement. Write us for the Good Roof Guide Book and Samples. The Barber Asphalt Paving Company The largest producers of asphalt and largest manufacturers of ready roofing in the world PHILADELPHIA San Francisco T New York - » i ff.” HAD: “AF Us PM of‘ Harvest a 160 acre crop from 120 acres. This sim- ple, reliable machine does it. Outs or shreds the stalk while husking the ears. GUARANTEED size for size under equal conditions of operation. to do more and better work with less power than any other machine huskerin existence and to be eas- ier and safer to feed and to operate. Our Husker Book tells all about it. Send for free copy today. APPLETON MFG. CO. 520 Fargo 5L, Batavia, lll. HEESEN FEED COOKER makes money for the farmer—fattens pigs and keeps all stock sleek and well. Doubles the value of raw feed. Made in two parts only—a strong cast iron caldron kettle and seamless sheet steel jacket. ”Your Cooker paid for itself on one lot of pig‘s—I had no milk for them.” says C. J. WEISENBERJGER. Iowa. Cooked feed prevents hog cholera and other diseases. The Heesen Cooker 18 strong, simple, quick heating, everlasting. Write Today for Prloo and New Ottor. HEESEN BROS. 8- 00., Box 101 , Tecumseh, Mich. Cast Iron Tank Hoators, Hog Troughs. Stone Boot Nous. oto. Root Your Silo With Steel . The Economy Galvanized Stool Root is se- curely nailed to rafters which adds strength to the silo. It is permanent— easy to put on. When connected : mum-3 with a grounded wire protects 4 ' your silo from lightning. The V \ 9’5”“. c.6130 mm 10 Size“ 0! be“ mm" Economy Root fits silos of all constructions. Wood 1-5.“ ”Booklet on'FodsaMflan-u" cement hollow tile, brick or steel. It's cheaper an re durable than w.ood Write for illustrated folder “u ""'""' °"' ’°'"' "‘"u‘" $31101" sun mum 2: ll. ThirdSMBES WJM .- SAVE HALF YOUR MONEY I not have the best when you can buy them 3113:1011 low.unh unheard-of Factory Prices: ; SIER sroves "0°ch m HEATERS made of thohlchol oe‘gdha'l" anal. beautifully an. . pm . 1 h Bel mfi'fififin by: Two Hinton Dolhrno _ FRO matter where mo live you can try I "- ainyo-r m hon-$30 clay: without I W'Iexpenoetoyou. clan-Ive . labile Hoosier Stove to buy “m. Win ‘ nel. " SHDMAYtu-mm u THE MICHIGAN FARMER clover and alsike. To the whole was ad- ded 40 lbs. of hulled sweet clover seed of the white variety, which was gathered from the roadside. The seed was sown with cats and altogether made a. good stand and was cut for hay early in June the following season. While all made a. good growth the sweet clover was six or more inches taller than the other clovers. The hay cured in good shape and was all eaten by the stock, as well as any hay we have ever fed. Four acres of this land was plowed at once after taking off the hay and harrowed about once a month until the 15th of August, at which time it was seeded to alfalfa without any farther inoculation, and on examination it was found to be well inoculated. Last spring we seeded eight acres with oats, using 12 lbs. of clean, hulled sweet clover seed to the acre, both being put in with grain drill. This we thought was nearly a failure until after the late rains, as but few plants appeared, but of late it is thickening up in good shape, which goes to show that it must have been covered t00 deep. We find it will make a good growth where alfalfa or red clover will fail. We also find that by cutting when about 18 inches high it makes fine hay and is not hard to cure. Stock eat it as well as any hey we have ever fed and do well as to both flesh and milk. It having the same habits as June clover, no one has anything to fear, as it will not become a pest, although the writer was report- ed to the highway commissioner for spreading a noxious weed. In no case has inoculation of any kind been used, but in some cases it might have done better had it been inoculated, the color at first being a light green, but later it became dark. By cutting in June when the hay crop Should be cut. cut- ting with a high stubble, it soon comes up and will make a good growth to p10w under or will make a crop of seed. ”We have nearly four bushels of fine hulled seed which we expect to sow in the Spring. Hillsdale Co. W. G. BOYD. STORING SEED CORN. One of the essential conditions which makes for good seed corn with the prop- er per cent of germinaton is good stor- age conditions and this condition is just as important, or nearly so, as the selec- tion of the seed cars. In order that this last statement shall not mislead anyone I will explain it somewhat. If one has picked out very good ears and ones that come up to the standard or ideal that he has set for himself, no matter how poor the conditions of storage over winter, SOmc of the kernels will grow, and if they do they will reproduce ears of corn of the desired type but the chances are that thcre will not be a good stand if the co:n has not been well kept. 011 the other hand, poor or mediocre ears, if kept in favorable storage candi- tions will give a good percentage of ger- mination but the plants produced will not be up to the standard. In the seed we want good germinative power and the ability to reproduce a plant which shall be vigorous and of the same type as the parent kernel. In our selection from the plants in the field and then working over the individual ears which have been husked from selected seed-plants, our main object is to pick out individual ears which are of the desired type and con- sequently will transmit their desirable characteristics to their offspring. Now storage has to do only with main- taining the germinative quality of the seed. It does not increaSe nor decrease the inheritance of the kernels, for that is already determined. The case is some- thing similar to that of an Asiatic king who had. a mare from which he wished to raise a beautiful colt. Thinking to make the colt more beautiful, he had the mare bathed with wine and costly oint- mentS, but to his disappointment, the colt which was produced was just an or- dinary colt and no more beautiful than the mother. In other words, he was not able by any manipulation of the mother to increase the inherited tendencies of the colt, and so it is with the corn. The finest of storage conditions cannot make undesirable ears bring forth ideal plants. Store Seed Corn In a Dry Place. After the ears selected have matured on the stalk, they are husked and al- lowed to cure in the field for a few days; that is, until a large part of the excess moisture has evaporated. oration has continued as far as it will under field conditions, the corn may be stored for the winter. The storage conditions for the win- After evap- ‘ OCT, 1'8, 1913. ter are the essential ones to be looked after. Perhaps during the early fall the seed ears may be left in the corn crib or some other convenient outbuilding bUt at the approach of freezing weather they should be taken to some warmer place where they will not freeze. One can readily see that ‘the expansion of the kernel caused by the freezing of the water contained in it, will crack the ker- nel. If this crack is made in the fall, the chances for a good stand when the corn is planted are diminished. There is probably 110 reader of the Michigan Farm- er who has not seen kernels of corn which seemed to have cracks in the sides, An ear in which kernels of this sort predominate is not a very good in- dividual to save for seed. Just as soon as a crack is made into the horny part of the kernel, just so soon is there an avenue made by which the spores of mold can reach a portion of the kernel where they can get at work and they do not let the opportunity pass to get into the kernel. As long as the hull is on the kernel, there is no danger from molds for we have none in Michigan which are able to bore their way through a perfectly sound hull, but cracks make a convenient entrance. One can readily see that if this crack is made in the fall by the freezing of the ear, the mold has all the time during the warm days in the winter to work and will probably destroy the germs of a great many kernels. Es- pecially in the fall, the kernel is moist and this moisture taken together with the natural sweetness of the inner part Of the corn kernel makes a sweet solu- tion which is an ideal place for fungi to work. So we see that it is very import- ant that the seed ears are not allowed to freeze. Kiln Dried Corn Not Desirable. . While Seed corn should be kept dry it Should not be kiln dried; that is, it should not be dried by artificial heat. When corn is placed under the warmest of natural conditions, it will get just so dry and no more. There is always a. little moisture which will not come and this is called residual moisture. When this residual moisture- is driven out—and it can only be driven out by vartifical means, the chances for perfect germina- tion are greatly decreased and the prac- tice of placing seed corn in an oven and driving out the- moisture in this way is not considered to be a very desirable thing to do. , Of course, it goes without saying that the corn should be put somewhere and hung in such a manner that the rats and mice cannot get at it. One convenient way of storing seed corn is by means of a 2x4 about four feet long. through which twenty—penny spikes have been driven at such distances apart so that the butt of an ear may be stuck on each spike. “'hen this is suspended from the ceiling of a drying room, we are quite certain of having good corn to plant in the spring. To sum up, then, the value of seed corn depends upon the type which has been selected and the way this corn is stored; being sure that the corn does not freeze and that it is not placed in an excessively dry room. ' Ingham Co. I. J. MATHEWS. CONCRETE FOR A PRESSURE TANK. Kindly advise through the Michigan Farmer if a pressure tank can be made of concrete that will give satisfaction and if, so how? Mason Co. J. C. G. It is possible. from an engineering standpoint, to build a reinforced concrete pressure tank for a pneumatic water system. The writer does not consider it advisable, however, unless the builder is backed by experience in reinforced con- crete construction. Plans for this con- struction suggest a tank not to exceed five feet in diameter with reinforcing of One-half inch steel rods running both lengthwise and around the tank and properly spaced, of course. To inSure air tightness the inside is painted with hot parraffin. This method was found to be extremely difficult and unsatisfactory by the writer. If an attempt is made to build such a tank it should be of con- crete, amply reinforced and arOund an inner tank of heavy galvanized iron to insure air tightness. It is doubtful then if it can be done cheaper than the cost of a steel tank of equal capacity and strength. Mich. Ag. 001. H. H. Mussnmun. The spread in prices for matured hogs in the Chicago market has narrowed ma- terially of late, but little pigs are selling at a big discodnt from hog values. Prime light hogs are topping the market, with scant offerings frequently. .‘a‘ "MW" OCT. 18, 1913. SOIL AND FERTILIZER QUESTIONS. Fall Plowing. We intend to do some fall plowing this year and would like to know which crops benefit most from fall plowing. Also is it late enough for fall plowing? Kent Co. , C. J. S. Except in rare inStances, if I coald do the plowing in the spring just when it ought to be done, I never would do any fall plowing. It is undoubtedly a better practice to have the ground covered by a. growing crop if possible, certainly with the living roots in the soil during the fall and winter and early spring, than it is to have the groiind bare. These growing roots are taking care of all the soluble nitrogen in the soil that is liable to be leached out by excessive rains. These growing roots in the soil prevent erosion on land that is subject to erosion. Take quite rolling. sandy, gravelly land that is fall plowed, if we have an open winter and quite heavy rains in the winter time it is liable to gulley and wash and much damage be done. On the other hand, if this land is covered with clover and grass or some cover crop, like rye or sand vetch, this prevents the washing or ero- sion. But we can’t do all this work in the spring just when it ought to be done. It is impracticable to try to do it. The sea- son in the spring for getting crops into the ground is short in this climate and if one attempts to do any considerable amount of farming it is practically im- possible to plow all the land in the spring and get it into crops in time. If you wait too late for plowing and the season is at all dry, you lose so much moisture that the crop lacks moisture, especially the dry season all summer. It is risky business. For instance, if one wants to grow a crop of beans. Now one of the best places to put a crop of beans is on a clover sod. It would be much better for the land if you could wait until May, the middle of May or the last of May, to plow this land. The clover then has made quite a growth and turning it un- der you are adding high grade vegetable matter to the soil and increasing the humus content, which everybody admits is an excellent thing to do on all of our lands that have been farmed for any cousiderable length of time. On the oth- er hand, if you wait until the last of May to plow ground for beans and it comes off dry or is dry, the clover has already taken a vast amount of nloistui‘e from the soil, and if the weather continues dry the ground is liable to be so devoid of moisture that you can’t grow a profitable crop of beans. This is so with any late sown crop. Had this land, however, been plowed in the fall and then disked or harrowed early in the spring to form an earth mulch, this would have saved all the sub—soil moisture and the land would have been in splendid condition for the bean crop when it was time to plant it the first of June. This land, however, if it is rolling and sandy soil, might have waShed in the winter time and been in— jured in this way. “’e are between two evils in this respect, and we have got to use our judgment and do that which is the least. Taking everything into consideratiOn, I Would do all the fall plowing that I had time to do, that is the safest way. We may lose a little bit by the leaching of the soil; we may lose a little bit by ero- sion, but we will get our work in shape so that we can get our crops in in the spring. we are taking no risk about the conservation of moisture, and, taking ev~ erything into COllSltlel'flllOll, one year with another, it is the safest and the proper thing to do. Of course, on real rolling lands perhaps it wouldn’t do at all to fall plow, and it might pay to plow por— tions of the field'that were level and leave the side hills and that sort of thing to be plowed in the spring so that they would not wash if We had an open win- ter. If we do not how: an Open winter; if frost comes early and locks up the soil, and the ground remains frozen all winter there Wouldn’t be any erosion ev- en on rolling land. But you know what the weather conditions are in Michigan. We are liable to have an open winter with no frost in the ground for long in- tervals and heavy rains in the winter time. and then erosion raises havoc with our land. Fall plowing can be done ter the first of September. be done before that time fectly satisfactory. The plow is to plow when you have time to do it. Do it thoroughly. On heavy clay grOund another reason for fall plowing is that turning up the subsoil in the fall any time af- It could even and be per- time to fall ~. THE MICHIGAN FARMER. " and leaving it bare all winter, the action of the frost and the elements tends to pulverize this soil and tends to set free some of the inert plant food. Heavy land, too, is not as liable to wash by ex- cessive rains as the lighter, sandier, gravelly soils. Clay land, however, some- times settles down by excessive rains in the winter time and becomes somewhat puddled so that it is almost as much work to fit it in the spring as it would be if you plowed it. Nevertheless, you don’t run the risk of losing all of the subsoil moisture if the land is fall plowed and then harrowed or disked early in the spring, as one can work the land nicely. The Value of Lime In Leached Ashes. Will Mr. Lillie answer the the question as to whether hardwood ashes will cor- rect soil acidity? If so, how much should be applied per acre? \Vexford Co. T. W. N. The lime found in leached ashes is just as valuable as the lime found anywhere; in fact, it is more valuable, pound for pound, than ground limestone or marl, because it has been burned and the car- bonic acid driven off. In other words, it is caustic and will neutralize the acidity better than ground rock, which is not caustic. The only question is how much lime remains in the leached ashes? \Vhen ashes are leached much of the potash and much of the- lime is dissolved by the water and taken out of the ashes. Now the value of these ashes depends upon the thoroughner with which they are leached. Ordinarily, leached ashes con- tain a sufficient amount of lime and pot- ash so that they are well worth, hauling. You not only get the lime that is left after the leaching but you also get a perceptible amount of potash in these asheS, which is a valuable plant food also. Unless you have to haul the ashes t00 far they are well worth the hauling, although I would not want'to pay very much for them. If there is any consid- erable amount of these ashes it might pay you to send a sample to the experi- ment Station or to the Michigan Farmer experiment lalnun-ttories, and ascertain the per cent of lime and potash in them. Then you will know more about theil‘ value. Nobody can tell without a. chem- ical analysis anywhere near the amount of lime and potash left in these ashes, because no one knows the thoroughness of the leaching. COLON C. LILLIE. 'AN OPEN WELL. DEEPENING If one was on the ground and could find out all about the quicksand bottom in G. S.’S well which he desires to deep— en, it would be easier to advise him. “hat is commonly called Quicksand is apt to be a mixture of water sand, some stone, streaks of clay, a little real quick— sand, and more or less water, If there is plenty of water on top, one or two crocks (enameled tile) could be sunk in the bottom. The tile must be smaller than the well, say not over 21/; ft. from outside to outside, and be left a little above the bottom of the brick to prevent the sand getting away from be- hind the brick and causing it to cave, and the space behind the crock or tile must be kept full of dirt above the bot— tom of wall all the time the tile are being sunk and afterward. If there is much water two tilc would be enough and the bottom one ought to have a little gravel in it to help hold the sand down, so there would be only about three feet of clear water in the well. When sinking the tile stand on the top of the first, working the dirt out from under the bottom with a spade or shovel and keeping the tile as near perfectly straight up and down as you can. Keep the tile down as tight in the sand as you can. To remove the sand make a well scoop by nailing a piece of sheet iron or steel on a board fitted for a handle, and have the point slightly higher. than it is where it is nailedon the board so it will act as a dipper in case there is much real quicksand in the mixture. otherwise leave it about square with the handle. Should the water go down, a still smaller tile might be sunk inSide of the larger ones, the same as they were inside of the wall. Another way would be to get No. 90 point and some pipe and drive it down to the bottom of the quicksand, put on your pump and keep it going until it pumps clear water, otherwise the point will get clogged with quicksand, If there is much coarse sand or gravel I would use this last plan, or combine the two, so as to have my pump valves in the water and not have to prime the pump. One and a quarter inc-h pipe would be all right for this purpose. Isabella Co. F. G. SMITH. 3—-—335 Easy on Man and Team Low Down Short Coupled There is no argument as to the value of the Manure Spreader, neither as to the saving in time and labor nor in the increase in yield, resulting from proper spreading of fertilizer. The most profitable investment you can make is— The Flying Dutchman Spreader A Steel Frame, Low Down, Close Coupled, Endless Apron Spreader, of the most modern construction, greatest convenience and lightest draft. Easy to Load—The top of the Box being only 42 inches high, it is easy and quickly loaded, without that back-breaking lift. Runs Easy—The box being higher in front than in rear, the apron runs down hill, giving lighter draft—you know it’s easier to pull a load down hill than up. it is also equipped with Roller Bearings—reducing friction. Wheels Under the Load—Just where they should be to secure the lightest draft—most convenience in turning and plenty of traction power on the rear Wheels, without the use of lugs. Clearance—The Endless Apron has 18 inches between its lowest point and the ground—6 inches more than most others. Steel Frame, Steel Wheels, Steel Beater, Chain Drive No other Spreader is so strong and well built. The Apron runs on three sets of steel rollers, safely carries 5,000 pounds without sagging. Easy to Handle—One Lever operates the entire machine—a boy can handle it as well as a man, with no chance of breaking the machine. Being close coupled, it is convenient around the barnyard. ~ We also build the MOLINE SPREADER which is of the same general construction, except it has a Return Apron. Ask your Flying Dutchman Dealer and Write Today for our Handsome Spreader Booklet and 1914 Flying Dutchman Almanac FREE. MOLINE PLow Co. Dept. 26 MOLINE, ILL. Che 'Remx'ngron Cuba bag afctu Bottom Ejection; Solid Breech; Hammerleu; Safe HAT'S the use of a repeating gun that throws the shells, smoke and gas- es in the way of your aim? That's the question that started us working on the Rcm‘ington-UMC Bottom Ejection Pump Gun—the only gun of its kind on the market, and used by thousands of gunners all over the country. Solid Breech, Hammerless. Perfectly Balanced. Three lnbuilt Safety Devices—accidental dis- charge impossible. Simple Take-Down—a quar- ter turn of the barrel, without tools. Find the dealer who is taking the lead in arms and ammunition“ He specializes in Remington“ MC-—thc Ecrfect shooting combination. and most advanced thing nown to the shooting fraternity. Remington Arms-Union Metallic Cartridge Co. 299 Broadway 9 New York IS THE B E ST WHAT If you lnSlSt hard enough on Cypress Lumber and Shingles, your local dealer will provide them. (If you insist hard enough.) ‘ i IT’S UPTO YOU— for your own sake, not ours Suppose you READ UP on Cypress: The Cypress Booklets areFREE. (They'rethe Standard reference work on LumberValues) LUMBERJFOR THE FARM? 50. Cypress Mirs’ Ass’n. 110 Hibernia Bank Bldg" New Orleans. La. Please send me the books, FREE, marked in the following squares: E] New Silo Book, Vol. 37. (Plans) [:I Barn Book (4 plans) Vol. 4. U Farm Needs Book (8 plans) Vol. 20. D Carpentry Book (12 plans) Vol. 36. CI Shingle House, Vol. 29. (Plans) Cl U. S. Gov't Report on Cypress. R.F.D Sin In Thur“ 336—4 ’I/I/z/ WflWJ‘W WWI/##4##, ////////// ”g” l'.’ ’. ". v.3 J; “13“.. 4% . Q; Save 50:: a Garment till \\.\u\' s“ . The saving on every single garment of Hanes Winter Underwear is just fifty cents. because it is really wort every cent of a d and the Hanes Union Suits are worth twice as much, yet they sell for a dollar. The frills are all left off and the warmth and strength and wear are put to the very limit very piece of, \\ . ”'3'. v o— v . . m.mm,»~r_wl _ . ' .d’.’ i a ELA S736 KNIT Degwm- .. with g quality of material an.“ ,ivorlmamhip used with a i :» generous hand. Then, there “ are these exclusive features . to make Hanes Winter Uncle egg; the better underwear: the 9 collarette that fits snugly aro ~e3 \— gs“ _ . neck and keeps in the warmth; reinfoiced shoulders that make the i v arrnent stay up where it belongs; the im- proved wrist-hugging culls that can't stretch and gm sturdy waistband and, last and best, §, WM on 5 . g . c: I”? z // a I t ’35: 3 s . the unbreakable seam ~ \ I \ , \ § . n at Won't rip. ' gou get your mafney back or a new garment if it does. 2, o to the dealeg '\ your nearest tdwn who sells Hanes Winter Underwear . d look it over§. §Compare it w;~ any underwear sold for a hall-dollar and then you'll she why Hams? is better. if your dealer doesnt sell 5'- / games/write to; us got the name § one who dies. ‘\ s s s l s \ h P. :1. rgANES ian'rmc COMPANY \ . s § § Winstcgn-Salem, N. C. CLOTHCRAFT You can be Fitted at the Clothcraft Store ‘ ‘7 HEN you try on a Clothcralt ready—for—service suit, note how snugly the coat fits againts your collar, even when you stoop or bend forward. Note that both sides of the coat-front hang straight and smooth in any position. of th Note the good lines and graceful “set" The suit looks right and feels right. Clothcraft Clothes retain each garment. This correct fit is also a permanent fit. eir shape until worn out. The artist drew the pic- ture at the right from a living model. Then the model was photograph- ed, as shown atleft. The clothes are good-looking in both pictures——they will be as good-looking on you. F you are critical we inVite you to be con- vmced. It Will be as much to your advantage as to ours, as you'll agree when you sce the attractive patterns in Clothcraft Clothes, their good tailoring, and the comprehensive guarantee that goes with every suit. Clothcraft Clothes sell at $10 to $25. \Nith every suit is a. definite guarantee of all-wool1 first—class workmanship, satis- factory wear and service. No other line at those prices is so guaranteed to you. Write us for an introduction to the nearest Clothcraf t Store. We’ll also send the new Style Book and tell you about No. 4130 Blue Serge Special—the best all-round suit we can make at $18.50. THE JOSEPH & FEISS COMPANY Founded 1846. Oldest Makers of Men's Clothes in America. 623 St. Clair Avenue, N. W. Cedar! T he Photograph T H E, M I c H I on N FLA—R MIE‘R I I .mmmmumuummunuummuummlmluuulum:"mammalmannalulmmmmmammalunwmuummumummmwm ' Practical =7. FERTILIZERS AND MANURES. RY FLOYD W. Ronni-tort. The Usual Fertlllzer is a Complete Fer- tlllzer. It is customary in the manufacture of commercial fertilizers to provide for a. content of nitrogen as well as for phos- phoric acid and potash. It has been but a comparatively few years that the real status of the nitrogen supply has been at all understood. Within the memory of some of our best agricultural chemists the prospect of a nitrogen shortage was very real and an exceedingly unpleasant pOSSibility to contemplate. On the con- tinent among many of the more promi— nent agricultural and physiological chem- ists there seemed very slight possibility of any escape, from the consequences of a loss of available nitrogen in the soil. Farms were being depleted in fertility; the nitrogen thereof was leached by wat- er from the soil and by evaporation into the air; the reduction of organic matter by means of fire and other destructive agents combined seemed to bring un- comfortably near the time when there would no anger be any available nitro- gen for crop production. I The Microbe Plant. One may imagine with what delight, therefore, came the discovery of I-lclrle- gel, that there was a plant which through its activities as host permitted a second— ary plant to live upon its roots, and Which had the power of transforming the nitrogen of the air from the gaseous condition back into a condition in which it could be used for plant growth. This discovery of the nitrifying bacteria, as it became afterwards known, was a great relief to scientsts who had become al- most frantic through the fear of the ar- rival of a time when nitrogen would be no lOnger available for plant growth. Even Bunge, that celebrated German phyb‘iologcal chemist. had begun Seri- ously to think of advocating a public method of the disposal of animal and human bodies as well so that the element ’1 of nitrogen contained therein would be made available instead of being set free in the atmosphere. Mit'h the discovery of the microbe plant, as it was called, by Helriegelflthe science of agricultural chemistry took a new hold on life and agricultural chemists breathed easier. since then the workings of these tiny microbe plants have been studied more in detail and their influence upon plant growth has become more apparent to man. It is Not Necessary to Buy Nitrogen. “’e do not give great attention, there- fore, at the present time to the nitrogen content of manures except that by a proper manipulation in crop rotation the neceSsary nitrogen must be provided for. We would not be understood as saying in its finality that no economic consider- ation is given to nitrogen for nitrogen is still, and probably always will be, the most important factor as far as plant growth is concerned. It is more expen- sive in commercial fertilizers, and it is more expensive in any other available form. Nitrogen is a very peculiar ele- ment. It occupies, so to speak, the ex- tremes in nature. In its most abundant form, that is, as free nitrogen in the at- mosphere. it constitutes practically four- fift'hs of the volume of the atmosphere and in this condition it has its most passive existence. It ' will not sup- port combustion; it will not support life; it is inactive. and it does not support tself readily to combination with other elements. Its very name, when pursued to its root meaning signifies inactivity. On the other hand. nitrogen in another form constitutes one of the most power- ful explosives known to man. It is the nitrogen in nitroglycerine, in gun cotton, and in dynamite that makes these pro- ducts ;so powerful in their activity. Again, in another form nitrogen consti- tute-s one of the most deadly poisons known to man. Prussic acid, otherwise known as hydrocyanic acid, undoubtedly owes its exceedingly peculiar and poison— ous properties to the nitrogen which it contains. We find again. that nitrogen in the form of egg albumin, lean meat, gluten of flour, cheese and the like, is the most valuable constituent of food- stuffs and in certain gaseous“ forms, in combination with oxygen, it has certain yery decided aenesthetic properties which llElllllllllllllllllllllllllllllflllllllllfllflllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllIlIllHllfllllllfllllllfllllfilllllllllfillllIllIIllllllIllllllllIll|llllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllmlllllllllllllllllllllllflllllllflllllllllllllllllllllllfi ' ‘ OCT. 18. 1913. Science. mnmmum mnmmmm make it extremely valuable in surgery. Nitrogen is- a Very Expenslve Element. In commercial manures we find nitro- gen again to be the most expensive in- gredient of these manures and so we say that nitrogen Occupies a unique position in the universe and is, of course, of very great economic importance. One might easily realize that before the discovery of the microbe plant which has the pow- er of, we say, transforming the nitrogen of the air into nitrates where it is avail- able for plant growth, that scientists might with reason view with great con- cern the removal of nitrogen from its more valuable form as food material, or as available plant food material, into its mOSt inactive form as free nitrogen gas. It is this action that takes place every time a plant is burned; every time ani- mal matter, decays; and every time through wasteful processes the animal manures are allowed to dissipate. The discovery of the nitrifying bacte- ria. has .made it possible for the farmer in well directed agricultural industry, to preserve the nitrogen supply on his farm. An intelligent rotation of crops, there- fore, means the keeping within the the optimum quantity of the all essential nitrogen. So when we assume the intel- ligent use of farm manures and the well directed employment of commercial fer- tilizers, with a preper crop rotation, we do not worry for the supply of the nitro- genous constituents on' the farm. We may, therefore, in discussing the amount of fertility removed by crops, leave out of consideration for our purposes, the clement nitrogen and confine our atten- tion to the other two very important con- stituents, namely the phosphoric acid and the potash. LABORATORY REPORT. Feed Definitions. The Association of Feed Control offi- cials of the United States have formu- lated definitions for some of the more common feed stuffs that come as by- products in the manufacture of other articles, Some of these are: Cottonseed meal is a product of cotton- seed only, composed principally of the kernel with such portions of the hull as is necessary in the manufacture of oil; provided that nothing shall be recognized as cottonseed meal that does not con- form to the foregoing definition and that does not contain at least 36 per cent of protein. Cracklings are the residue after par- tially extracting the fats and oils from the animal tissue. If they bear a. name descriptive of their kind, composition or origin, they must correspond thereto. Digester tankage is the residue from the animal tissue exclusive of hoof and horn specially prepared for feeding pur- poses by tanking under live steam, dry- ingunder heat, and suitable grinding. If it contains any considerable amount of bone, it must be designated digester meat and bone tankage. Distiller’s dried grains are the dried residue from cereals obtained in the man- ufacture of alcohol and distilled liquors. The product shall bear the designation indicating the cereal predominating. Flax plant by—product is that portion of the flax plant remaining after the sep- aration of the seedyand the waste fibre and a portion of the shives, and consists of flax shives, flax pods, broken and im- mature flax seeds and the corticle tissue of the stem. Good cottonseed meal must be finely ground, not necessarily bolted, of sweet odor, reasonably bright in color and must contain at least 36 per cent of protein. Grits are the hard, fiinty portions of Indian corn without hulls or germ. Hominy meal, hominy feed or hominy chop is a mixture of the bran coating, the germ and a. part of the starchy por- tion of the corn kernel obtained in the manufacture of hominy gritsfor human consumptiou. . Malt sprouts are the spmuts of the barley grain. If the sprouts are derived from any other malted cereal, the source must be designated. Meal is the. clean, sound, ground pro- duct of the entire grain, cereal or seed. which it purports to represent: Provided, that the following meals qualified by their descriptive names, are to be known as, viz.: soil' OCT. 18, 1913. \ SANDWICH (solid steel—money maker r Motor Press Puts ou—or your boys—in the big pa . ng, fast grgwing business of baling hay! yiNet rofit $18 to $22 per day," write Swartn & fiensch’. Dixon, 111. Other hustlers making $200 to $300 net profits monthly. And these men are using the Sandwich! Friction clutch stops press instantly Simple as A.B.C. In Iml down; Our special terms to responsible peep 9 et y start with little money. And you pa from your profits. Unless we knew the Sandwrc WilI make you stacks of ready cash. we could not sell this way. Gas Engine on Same, Truck Here’s the most complete _hay balmg outfit in existence. Full power is driven from engine to press by heavgesteel roller chain. 'It does away with slipping Its. The Gas Engine .Is the best quality—hopper cooled type—gear driven mag- neto-4, 6. , and 10-horse power. ' The Sandwich has a simple time-tried self feeder and a big feed opening. great wmdrow baIer. Beats every ordinary press_from 2 to 8 tons daily. tons are an everyday Job for the Sandwxc ; 25 “‘8“ 3° ‘° 4°- This Book FREE _ Write today for post- paid copy of this amaz- ing storyof profits others are making. And if you are interested in Horse Power Presses, let us tell you about our large line. Address ' . .. 1 ”us a ”h." indium: C° ‘ 3.... «$2.36. .1 Warran'lcd to give satisfaction. GOMBAULT’S CAUSTIC BALSAM A safe, speedy and positive cure ior Curb, Splint, Sweeny, Capped Bock, Strained Tendons, Founder, Wind Puffs, and all lameness from Spavin, Ringbone and other bony tumors. Cures all skin diseases or Parasites, Thrush, Diphtheria. Removes all Bunches from Horses or Cattle. As a HUMAN REMEDY for Rheu- matlum, Sprulns, Sore Throat, etc., it is invaluable. Every bottle of (Inn-tic Balsam sold is Warranted to give satisfaction. Price 81.50 per bottle. Sold by druggists or sent by ex- press, charges paid, with full directions for its use. Send for descriptive circulars, testimo- nials, etc. Address THE LAWRENCE—WILLIAMS COMPANY, Cleveland. Ohio. Nelson Submerged Tank Heater NOTE CONSTRUCTION—M .... .0... .. waste. All passing under the water. Indisplensable to all farmers. Pays for itself in two mont s with two cows. Burns straw. corn cobs. all rubbish, coal & wood. Ashes removed in a few seconds without disturbing the Heater. Heats water with one-half less fuel than any other Heater. Let us send you a Heater on two weeks free trial. just as we have to thousands of others. This heater is now in use in thirty states. and Canada. It not sold by your dealer, do not neglect sending for catalog and prices, now while it is fresh in your mind. postal will bring our catalog and testimonials from seventeen states free of charge. ‘ NELSON MFG. CO. 18 Wall St. Deer-field, Wis. 1 I» SAVE YOUR CORN ‘ ’* ; 4 ‘ THE FREELAND CORN CRIB is absolute roof against rats. mice. birds and re. ads of perforated galvanized sheet steel. is practically indestructible. Cures corn perfectly. Easy to erect. Write for illustrated catalog of sizes, prices and all details. Pioneer Manufacturing Company, Middlebury, Indiana. - MINERAL . “9139”“. hog/8%}! EAVE a 04, yearsREMEDY Bokiet I I Q free 85 HEAVES .. . k e OUREB any case or money refunded a Ififimfi OURES ordinary cases. Mineral Heave Remedy Co.. 463 N. Fourth Ave.. Pittsburgh.Pa "st your ad. in the Michigan Just say Farmer" when writing advertisers ’ THE MICHI FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS. Alfalfa vs. Timothy Hay. Will you please give me the feeding value of alfalfa and timothy hay? “'exford Co. W. G. W. Alfalfa hay contains the following di- gestible nutrients: Protein 11 per cent; carbohydrates 39.6 per cent; ether ex- tract 1.2 per cent. Timothy huy contains: Protein 2.8 per cent; carbohydrates 43.4 per cent; ether extract 1.4 per cent. The relative feeding value depends somewhat upon the kind of animal to which it is fed. Using as a basis values given to the different food nutrients in a recent De- partment of Agriculture bulletin, Viz., protein $067 per pound; carbohydrates $006 per pound; fat $.01 per pound, al- falfa hay would beworth $20.16 per ton as a feed for live stock, as compzircd with a. value of $9.44 per ton for timothy hay. For feeding horses timothy hay has perhaps a higher relative value, but there is little question that alfalfa hay is worth twice as much as timothy boy for feeding ordinary farm animals. Sheep Racks for Hay and Grain. I would like to hear from someone through The Farmer how to build a sheep rack for feeding hay and grain to brecd- ing eWes. Genesee C0. IV. A. H. Combination racks which may be clos- ed to keep the sheep away from the feed which is being put in, whether hay or grain, are about the most satisfactory for a breeding flock; One of the simplest forms is a. tight bottom rock about two feet wide. Cross pieces and side posts of 2x4's should be used to ini~‘ure maximum strength and upright boards about eight inches wide placed on the inside to form the grain trough in the botiom. Another board about the same width to retain the hay about a foot abovo the first is gen— emlly used and it is better to cut the tops of the upright 2x4’s on an angle and nail another board to this angle in order to make the rack a little flaring at the top as a couvcnience in putting in the hay. Then another board should be ar- ranged in 8. Slot made for the purpose in such a manner that by the use of a lever and a small rope attached to the board in the middle and running over :1 pulley it can be used to raise or lower {his board in such a manner as to permit the sheep to put their heads in the rack or not, as desired. V A little ingenuity will aid any man in making such a rock from this dcscrip- tion, which will be entirely satisfactory. Onc end of the rack should, of course, open on a. feeding alley with a gate or closed end at the other exti‘cmc of the rock, which may be composed of one. two or more sections, as is convenient or desirable. FORAGE CROPS FOR SWINE. The profits in hog raising come largely through posturing. The Iowa Expci‘imcnt Station in Bulletin No. 136 reports the results of cxperimcnts with forago crops for swinc. It was found that the grazing an acre of profits from alfalfa in 1911 was, with com at 50c and hogs selling at 5c, $65.99; hogs at 60, $97.09. The cost pcr 100 pounds of pork was but $2.88. In 1909 the profit was $23.62 with hogs at 50 and $46.39 when'hogs sold at 6c. In 1909 clover, when grazed with hogs, returned a profit of $32.34, hogs of 5c, and $57.07, hogs at 60. In 1910 the clovcr pos- ture rcturncd $28.82 and $51.20 with hogs at 50 and 6c. In 1909 rape returned $27.50 and $47.47 With hogs at 5c and 60, respectively. In 1910, $37.51 and $68.64. In 1910 sweet clo- ver returned $42.07 and $74.50 with hogs at 5c and 6c; in 1911 $23.46 and $39.50. Oats pasture returned $15.33 and $33.53 with hogs at Sc and 60 respectively. In 1909 0:118, Canada field pens and rnpc re— turned $22.83 and $43.86, hogs at 5c, and 6c. In 1911 three different lots returned $53.45, $39.52 and $64.64 each with hogs at So. In 1909 the returns from blue grass were $15.23 per acre with hogs at 5c and $31.85, hogs at Go. In all the trial corn was fed and charg— ed at 500 a bushel. Land rent was charg- ed at $6 per acre. All costs of producing the crop were figured in. Some meat imeal was fed. This was charged at 21/2c [a pound. Live Stock. sI—‘IIIIIHIIIHIlllllllllllllllll|IIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIHIIlllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllIIIIHHIIIIHIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIllllllHlllllIIHIIIlllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIHIIIIHIIIllllllllllllllllllllllh—rfi. GAN FARMER Alfalfa proved to be the most satisfac tory. It furnished pasture the most con— stantly of the crops tried. Sweet ClOVeI‘ was satisfactory the first year but grew too rank the second year. It is necessary to keep in mind that some grain needs to be fed the hogs in addition to the forage. \thn the pus- ture is alfalfa, corn is a good grain to use. North Dakota. W. C. PALMER. PREPARATION FOR MATING. Success with the ewes and lambs dur- ing pregnancy and lambing in no small measure depends upon the state of health of the ewes previous to and throughout the mating season. Ewes depleted in vitality and in low physical condition are Very likely to give a great deal of trouble at mating time and during the pregnant period. Nursing ewes are very apt, even under very favorable manage- ment. to become reduced in flesh during the summer months as the draft upon their system is heavy and nurture is gen- erally deficient in nutritive value. The most profitable ewes in the flock are most likely to be the most depicted in physical vitality as they have carried the heaviest portion of the load in rearing the lamb crop. The flock in the fall always varies widely in flesh condition, due largely to individual ability of ewes t0 suckle their lambs. The most prolific ewes are invar- iably the ones to SllOW evidence of low flcsh on account of their convext food into nourishment for their young. Tho-“c cwcs, although lacking in fine appearance and thin in flcsh, arc the most profitable and valuable members of the flock and descrve the bcst of care preparatory for muting. It is a common practice among flock owners to look upon thin ewes as unpn'nitable and unhcalihy, but this is not true with ewes that pos- Fess :1 strong tendency toward milk pro- duction. Some ewes naturally appear thin in flesh, but with brooding stock this is rather to be looked upon as a desir- able characteristic, To give cach individual in the flock the best possible opportunity to recruit rap— idly preparatory for mating care should be exercised to Sort the thin ewes from the better fleshed ones and put them on a pasture where they (on be given :nldi— I “'11ch a large number. tional attention. of ewes are run together the lc-ss aggres- sive ones are very apt to be crowded out and impaired for the next year's nScful- ness. Abundance of highly palatable and nu- tritive posture in the full is thc most practical and economic moans 0f pro-pur- ing the ewes for mating. (100d pasture at this season of the your is, of course, hard to obtain, unlcss l‘orcthought has been exercised to have some form of for— age growing spccially for this purpose. Thin ewes recruit very rapidly on good posture, much more So than when fed large quantities of grain. I’nsturc is also the most natural means of preparing cwcs for muting as it opcns the sysicm and promotes physical activity of all ports of the body. I have invariably had Ilcticr success with en's-s at brccding time whcn recruited on second growth pasture than whcn conlincd turo and fcd at grain ration. \Vher'e con- ditions are favorable I would much ruth- cr rccsuit once on good pasture without groin than aticmpt to supply It groin ra- tion to supplcmcnt posture growth. Flock owncl‘s :lrc not all so situated that they can manage their flocks as they Would likc. thcrcl‘m'c 1111th mnkc the best of the conditions as the are found. \\'hm'c plenty of good posture is 1101 at hand a grain ration of one-third each of old corn, outs and whcat brnn is excel— lent. It is not advisable to iced heavily on corn git this time and cL plement steel that keeps hlm hardy; ~ . - , , . . Even if you have a preference 1 . , Farmer, 00,000 .25 .25 to be considered. XV hen the skim-milk is about waking up he's read to et arge, b01d figuies and hands to tell Columbia Missouri fed to calves or hogs here is a side line you up yourzaay' If you 1:31;e togbe the time by in the dim light 0f — '— . ‘ ‘ ,' . 7 H . A m r . ' \ i) x that “.310“‘.“g mt‘O 11101193- “1th an wakened gradually, he’ll ring little asotgénédrggnls as fit for the parlor 1’04b’h‘88 $4335 84'91 increasing dairy. held ready 11101193’ may short rings every other half-minute . ' These publications areconceded to be the be scarce at times on account of the for ten minutes. If you’re a hard If your Jeweler hasn’t him, send authoritative farm papers oftheirindividuai payment of running expenses, but the sleeper and need a strong dose, he'll a money order fOI‘ $250 to Westclox. fields. For further information address young stock is becoming worth more sing out with a long, Vigorous, full La Salle, 111-: and he'll come any- GEORGE W. HERBERT, Inc. each day. More property is being ac- five-minute ring. Either way, you where in the States by parcel post, Western Reprgsfillléflgg’ éiiertising Bldg" ,quired and usually one does not realize can Shllt him Off at any point. prepaid. WALLACE G RICI‘lARDiiON l the profit he actually is making. Often 20,000 jewelers are necessary to He hears thisimprint,"'Made in La. [ Eastern'Repi-esentative.41'Park'Rggé,’ a farmer starts in with a few cows, take care of the demand he's created Salie, Illinois. by Westclox.” which ' NEW YORK CITY- raises the calves and in a few years has for himself. He’s made a. World’s is the best alarm-clock insurance a herd worth hundreds of dollars. Little Record asasuccess. you can buy. by little the stock has accumulated until = Al N I E I ’ it represents a value of no small propor- - ‘ . * tion. .r. . Other advantages of dairying might be FARM FE "G E The Largest and 308‘ I:an 0' At once a few men, who are hustlers, for soliciting. No experience necessary. 4' INCHES HIGH 2| Road M achlnery The work is dignified, healthful and mentioned, but it is not necessary. Farm- ers gradually are beginning to appreciate 100 other styles of . . . . . Farm, Poultry and We have been making it for over35 years. instructive. In writing Ewe refer- its value and importance. Modern meth— $168 arer 1lloeingesteusgieglf agddput into prac— fIl’JaWIfllcf‘oeBCitng digct CENTS Everything‘fgr Blood Buildintgh. Elbe-Blast ences and also state Whether you have a. ce. e su c airy generally on a .uvo- e- ompany in e ‘ us mass m e s can be measured by the extent to which dealer's-pro t-pnoes. Our A non ImprovediMachmery. Send for hand- horse and buggy of your own. Address large catalog is free. . 1. ll t ted l ~FREE. . this is done. L. J. HAYNES. 5mm nos. 3,, name... in: russi’liliili wsiiiinlanom viiiilliinv 00.. cmcmo 307‘ J- F» 0'“ Mich!!!“ PW". Dom" . «vs. a: ‘ w Am-.. ,9...” 340—8 The Michigan Farmer Established 1843. The Lawrence Publishing Co. Editors and Proprietors. 39 to 45 Congress St. West. Degolt, Michigan. TELEPHONE MAIN Ls . NEW YORK OFFICE—41 Park Row. . CHICAGO OFFICE—604 Advertising Building. CLEVELAND OFFICE-10111015 Oregon Ave., M. J. LAWRENCE ............................. President M. L. LAWR .................. Vice-President E. H. BOUGHTON ..................... .....Bec.-Tre'as. I. . WATERBUBY ........................ .. . 0. E. YOUNG ................................. Associate BURT WERMUTE. ...... Editors. ALTA LAWSON LITTELL.... .... ..... E. E. HOUGHTON ........... . ......Business Manager '5 TERMS OF SU BSCRIPTION: One year. 62 issues ................................ 50 cents Two years, 104 issues.................................$l.00 Three years. 156 issues125 Five years. 26) issues..... .. ....,.2.00 All sent postpsid. ' Canadian subscriptions 500 a your extra for postage Always send money by draft. postoflioe money order, registered letter or by express. We Will not be re, sponsible for money sent in letters. Address all corn. munications to. and make all drafts checks-and post. office orders payable to, the Lawrence Publisblng 00. RATES OF ADVERTISING: 40 cents er line agate measurement. or $5.60 per inch. eachpinsertion. No adv't inserted for less than 1.!) er insertion. ' 07‘ o lottery. quack doctor or swindling advertise ments inserted at any price. . , Entered as second class matter at the Detrott. Mich- igan. postomoe. ' COPYRIGHT new by the Lawrence Pub. 00. All persons are warned against reprinting any portion of the contents of this issue without our written permission. DETROIT, OCT 18, 1913. CURRENT COMMENT. The material pros- Mlchlgan’s Agricul- perity of a state tural Prosperity. from an agricultur- al standpoint de- pends upon the total amount of agricul- tural products available for sale after supplying the ‘home needs of the farms. The stability of the agricultural prosper- ity of a state depends upon the variety of agricultural products grown for sale. “here there are only one or two sources of cash revenue to depend upon, these are likely to fail from causes beyond hu- man control, with disastrous results so fur as: agricultural prosperity is con- cerned. Michigan fortunately has a large va- riety of agricultural products which are grown on a commercial scale. Our ag- riculture is. as varied, if not more so, than that of any other state in the Un- ion, but with the great variety of pro— ducts which are grown on a commercial scale, it is rather remarkable that our state should stand at the top in the total production of so many of them. ‘ Michigan will this your, for the first time in its history, be first in the produc- tion of potatoes, if the figures given in the September crop report are verified by final estimates of this season’s crop. According to these figures, which are given herewith, Michigan grows 9.5 per cent of the total acreage of potatoes grown in the I’nitcd States, her crop showing an aver-age condition on October 1 of 69 per cent of normal. Only One state has a larger percentage of total acreage and that is New York which has 10.1 per cent, but the average condition of her crop is but 59 per cent of normal as estimated in the October report. This would, by comparison, make the total yield of potatoes in Michigan greater than that in New York, which was the only State which exceeded our total produc- tion last year. By the sumo. methods of comparison, we find from the crop esti- mates given in October report that no other state will reach Michigan's total production of potatocs this year. Thus Michigan will be first in the to- tal production of potatOes, which means that Michigan farmers will have more potatoes to sell this year than the farm- ers of any other state. Last year Mich- igan’s potato crop approximated 37,000,000 bushels. \Vith the high price which will result from a comparative short crop this year the caSh income to Michigan farm- ers from this source will be large. Michigan is; also first in the production of beans, the production of this staple cash cr0p being above six million bush- els for the state, as compared with some- thing like three million bushels for New York, her closest competitor, and about one million busihels for California, which is third on the list. Michigan is also first in other lines of production of less im- portance, including such a staple crop as rye, and a number of minor crops such as chickory, celery. and peppermint oil. She is: also a good second in many oth- er lines of production. In the matter of sugar beets, for instance, she will prob- ably displace California for second place this season, having been such a close THE MICHIGAN FARMER' ‘ competitor in former years as to make the honors doubtful. In the matter of fruit production, Mich- igan is well up to the top. Michigan is also becoming a great dairying state, while her stock feeding industry has be- come a highly developed specialty in many sections. As a grain producing state, Michigan is not as prominent as in her pioneer days, but the production of grain is not a small factor, as will be seen from the am: report published in this issue. It is a matter for congratulation that Michigan’s agriculture remains prosper- OuS at a. time when many other states have been handicapped by unfavorable conditions. Surely Michigan farmers may well compare their opportunities with those of the farmers of other states, and in every case where this is done there will be an undoubted inclination to sing the praises of “Michigan My Michigan.” Some interesting Cause and Prevention figures have been of Fires. compiled upon the returns of 14 in- surance companies in Massachusetts for: the five years including and just preced— ing 1905. These reports cover a total of 1,428 fires, and aggregate a loss of $392,087.79. Of contributory causes, light— ning heads the list for the number of fires, viz., 405, although the aggregate loss is less than from some other causes, being but $44,563.32. The next in im— portance of known causes is of a largely preventable nature, including chimneys and defective fines, which caused 273 of the above number of fires, with an ag- gregate 105s of $53,972.45. Next comes incendiaryism with 99 fires and an ag- gregate loss of $53,972.45, while oil stoves, lamps and lanterns follow closely with 95 fires, and an aggregate loss of $91,638.71. Stoves and furnaces with defective pipes, etc., caused 52 fires with an aggregate logs of $10,325.25. The combination of children and matches caused 24 fires and an aggregate loss of $4,278.56. Smoking abOut buildings caused 14 tires, with an aggregate less of $2,329.22. Other causes of fires which are wholly preventable were brush and bonfires, which caused 14 fires, ashes in wooden receptacles which caused six fires. The use of tires in out- side appliances, as portable boilers and broodcrs, caused a like number of fires, while‘ rats and matches were also given credit for six fires. Out of this total number, fires causing an aggregate loss of $147,439.04, were attributed to unknown causes. I It will thus be seen that a very consid- ezable proportion of the element of dan- ger of fire could be eliminated by proper precaution on the part of the property owner, while the loss by fire could be further reduced to a minimum by the precaution of having at hand simple ap- paratus for fighting fire, such as barrels and buckets of water at points in build- ings, to be used for no other purpose, the water being replenished from time to time, and ladders should be placed at different points to be used only in cases of emergency and, perhaps as an added precaution. the use of a good chemical extinguisher which should be convenient- 1y placed for use in an emergency. Too much precaution cannot be taken to avoid danger and loss from fire, and this is the proper season of the year to think about such precautionary measures. The season of danger from lightning is prac- tically over, but the real danger is in- creased by the coming of cold weather when the house must be artificially heat— ed and when with the advent of Short days artificial light is necessary for a longer period of time. On November 1 the reg- Migratory Bird ulations established for Protection. the protection of migra- tory birds in the United States willgo into effect. This is the date set for the operation of the proclamation of the President, issued by authority of a recent act of Congress. The regula- tions have been carefully worked out through the Department of Agriculture, and will for the first time place a large number of migratory and insectivorus birds under federal protection, thus plac- ing federal restrictions on some five mil- lion habitual hunters in'the United States. In the enforcement of these regulations the federal authorities will co-operate with the state game wardens in carrying out the provisions of the law. The fed- eral authorities also hope to have the support and assistance of the public and of public spirited sportsmen in making the new law a success. AmOng the birds protected by the reg- ulations are the brant, wild duck, goose, swan, cranes of various species, rail, sev- eral kinds of shore birds, pigeon, dove, wild pigeon, bobolink, catbird, chickadee. cuckoo, flicker, flycatcher, grosbeak, hum- ming bird. kinglet, martin, meadow lark, night hawk, nut-hatches, oriole, robin, Shrike, swallow, swift, thrush warbler, whippoorwill, woodpecker, and wren. The regulations for the enforcement of the law divide the country into tw0~ zones, as follows: The breeding zone comprises 25 states lying wholly or in part north of latitude 40 degrees and the Ohio river. The wintering zone com- prises 23 states and the District of Col- umbia, lying wholly or in part south of the above. mentioned line. A perpetual closed season is put in force on all mi- gratory birds on the waters and main streams of the Mississppi and Missouri rivers. Spring shooting of migratory water fowl is eliminated by these regulations. The general open season for water fowl in the northern zone is from September 1 to November 16. On rails, coots and gallinules, from September 1 to Decem- ber 1. In Michigan the open season on these birds is from September 16 to De- cember 1. 0n woodcock the open season in the northern zone is October and No- vember. The open season for shore birds is from September 1 to December 16. All shore birds except black-breasted and golden-plover, Wilson, or jacksnipe, and yellowleg, are protected until September 1, 1918. A closed season is also estab- lished on wood duck in a number of states, including Michigan, until the same date. . The regulations prohibit hunting of all migratory game and insectivorous birds from sunset to sunrise and establish a. perpetual closed season on the catbird, Chickadee, grosbeak, humming bird, mar- tin, meadow lark, bullbat, robin, swallow, thrush, whippoorwill, and Woodpecker. The establishing of federal regulations, relating to the protection of migratory birds is an important step, particularly in the conservation in our insectivorous birds of economic value to agriculture. It will also simplify the problem of state legislation relating to the protection of migratory game birds. The elimination of spring shooting is undoubtedly a. move in the right direction and one Which will command the approbation of all true sportsmen, as well as naturalists and economists. The difficulty in formulating state laws to this need has been the lack of uniformity in state legislation on this point. A difficulty which federal con- trol will eliminate. The inauguration of federal control in the protection of migra- tory birds is: a matter for congratulation to the farmers of the country as well as to every lover of bird life. ' - Having become con- Our' Crop Reporting vinced from trying Services. the plan on a small scale that direct in- formation from farmers in various 'parts of the country regarding crop and mar- ket conditions was of great value to Michigan farmers, we have recently ex- tended that Service in our paper. This service not only gives the reader a good idea of general conditions in other agri- cultural states besides Michigan; but also gives him an idea of probable future mar- ket cenditons. In addition, it enables us to keep in closer touch with the market conditions throughout the country, and check up all estlmates of crop production in an effec— tive manner. In illustration of this point we will refer to an error in the official copy of the October crop report relating to Wiscousin’s potato crop, which was given as 49 per cent of normal for that season of the year. The September fig- ure for the crop was 83 per cent of nor- mal, and our advices direct from VViscon- sin farmers indicated that there had been plenty of rain in that state and that the potato crop was good, while the official report on the corn crop indicated that there had been no destructive frost which would materially injure the potato crop. Thus it seemed certain that an error had been made in transcribing the figures for VVisconsin’s potato crop. In footing up the averages this was also apparent, hence we concluded to wire the Depart- ment of Agriculture, calling attention to the apparent error. In reply we received the following wire: "Corrected figures for WisconSin Potatoes 79." This instance illustrates the value of a. crop reporting service such as we have inaugurated in the Michigan Farmer. It enables the reader to follow more closely the crop conditions throughout the coun- try and enables us to keep a better check on theSe conditions and thus render him more valuable service by this means. We mil ' V OCT. “18. 1513. 1., bespeak for this crop reporting service a careful reading, inasmuch as it is care- fully collected and at no small expendi- ture of effort. HAPPENINGS 'OF THE WEEK. A gang of professional bomb throwers have been arrested in New York City. There were eight members in the gang and they are alleged to have been terror- ‘ izing the city for several years past. The information leading to their arrest was obtained thrOugh confessions. A collision between a trolley car and a New Haven east bound passenger train near Westfield, Conn, resulted in one fatality and ten other persons being ser- iOusly injured. Three persons were lost and 14 others injured in a tornado which swept four counties in north central Nebraska Oct. 9. A large amount of property was de- stroyed, but for warnings sent ahead of the approaching storm, the loss of life would undoubtedly have been much greater. Fire destroyed a six-story milling plant at Kansas City, Mo., October 10. The loss is placed at $600,000. Timothy L, VVoodruff, formerly lieut- governor of New York state, died last Sunday night, following a stroke of pan alysis two weeks previous. ' Bishop Charles D. Williams, of the Episc0pal Diocese of Michigan, in an ad- dress in New York expressed his belief in the possibility of a union of the chris- tian churches .of the United States. He illustrated the probable course -of this change, by an analogy between it and the history of the formation of our country from the original 13 colonies. The world’s base ball series, played be- tween the New York Giants of the Na- tional League and the Philadelphia Ath- letics, of the American League, resulted in a. victory for the latter team, which won its fourth game and a victory, Sat- urday, October 11. Waters of Gntun Lake were turned into the Panama Canal on the afternoon of October 10. The dyke that held back the water during the construction of the canal was blown out by dynamite, the charge being set off by President Wilson while seated in his office at Washington, C. A Slide at Curcuracha has filled the canal for 600 feet and it is estimated by the engineers that it will require most of the time up to January 1 to remove this 2,000,000 square feet of earth. On October 10 Yuan Shi-Kai was inau- gurated first president of the Chinese Republic. The ceremony cf inauguration was performed amid great splendor and the customary eastern hrilliancy. The affair took place at Pekin, in the interior of the Taiho Paluce. Affairs in Mexico have assumed a grave State. The Mexican Congress has been t‘issolved and 110 members of the Cham- ber of Deputies are under arrest, while Senator Dominguez. who on September 22 delivered a speech before the legisla- ture denouncing the Huerta government, was found assassinated two days later, it is believed by the agents of Huerta. An election has been planned for on October 26, but it appears that it will be impos- sible to so restore order as to hold the electiOn on that date. It is not known at present if this change in affairs will af- fect the policy of the state department at Washington towards the Mexican situa- tion or not. - The ocean liner Voltunro perished in mid-ocean last Friday. The loss of life is now placed at 136 persons. Five hun- dred and twenty-one others were saved by life boats of ships brought to the ill- fated craft by wireless. Those lost were drowned as they attempted to board life boats in the heavy seas, the small boats being dashed to pieces against the sides of the steamer. The ship’s hull, now floating in the path of trans-Atlantic liners, Will remain a menace to naviga- tion. STATEMENT OF THE OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT, ETC., of the Michigan Farmer, Published week- ly at Detroit, Mich., required by the Act of AuguSt 24, 1912. ‘ Name and Post-office Address. Editor, I. R. Waterbury, Detroit, Mich: Managing Editor, M. J, Lawrence, VVash- ington, . C.: Business Manager, F. H. Houghton, Detroit, Mich; Publisher, Law- rence Publishing 00., Detroit, Mich. Owners, (if a corporation, give names and addresses of- stoekholders holding One per cent or more of total amount of stock); M. J. Lawrence. \Vashington, D. C. M. L. Lawrence, Cleveland, Ohio. P. T, Lawrence, New York City. Nellie Lawrence Parsons, Cleveland, Ohio. Citizens Sav. & T. 00., Trustee, Cleve- land, Ohio. George Lomnitz, Guardian, Cleveland, hio. Mrs. G. B. Rogers, Cleveland, Ohio, Lillian Cotton, Cleveland, Ohio. E. D. Pope, Cleveland, Ohio. R. M, McConville, Cleveland, Ohio. E, H. Houghton, Detroit, Mich. G. .I. Munsell, Detroit, Mich. Known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders, holding one per cent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or other securities: None. EDGAR H. HOUGHTON, Secy. (Signature of editor, publisher, business manager, or owner). Sworn to and subscribed before me- this eighth day of October, 1913. WM. VAN DYKE. Notary Public, Wayne County, Mich, (My commission expires August 7, 1914). (Seal). 'I-‘lfii “l“ Hi ‘LO LITERATURE POETRY HISTORY an? INFORMATION ,7 T—h—is Magazine Section forms a part of our paper every week. Marble Quarrying in Vermont By OREN- E. out the world; in fact, not long ago a salesman representing one of the largest cancerns handling this stone in the Green Mountain state circled the globe on one of his business trips. Yet, less than seventy years ago the farmers of the Otter Creek valley used to pasture their cows on land that could not now be purchased at any price, and as they did so they grumbled at the poor pasturage— for the outcropping of the marble de- posits were so numerous in places as to vERMONT marble is known through- render the land anything but desirable for dairy purposes. At last. however. there came a day when a man who knew an opportunity when he saw it happened along. In his mind’s eye he pictured the immense beds of marble which these outcroppings in- dicated. Today, at the same spot where the farmers grumbled at the poor pastur- age one can look into the deepest marble quarry in the world where men, working four hundred feet below, appear no larger than pigmies and from whence millions of dollars in stone have been taken. All up'and down the course of Otter Creek, which in Revolutionary days was the thoroughfare for the Indian tribes- which ,wished to strike into the interior southeast of Lake Champlain, marble in abundance is found. The greatest ac- tivity in quarrying, however, is at West Rutland, not far from the New York state line, and at Proctor a few miles north. This latter point is the acknowl- edged center of the marble industry of this country and is often spoken of as the Carrara of America. The quarrying of marble is an interest- ing process. Nowhere has the inventive genius of man worked greater wonders m the way of handling a product than in the means employed in taking the depos- its of limestone, which nature has buried beneath the green hills of Vermont, and converting them into products that serve a, thousand useful and ornamental pur- poses. The stone comcs out of the quar— ry in great, unattractive, rectangular blocks weighing many tons; it leaves the finishing mills in a highly polished state that pleases the eye and appeals to the aesthetic taste. In the various stages of the work of bringing this to pass is util- lzed the technical Skill of the engineer; the ability of the trained artisan; the artistic sense of the best Italian stone workers; the power of electricity and the machinery. results wrought by intricate CROOKER In visiting the deep quarries at; West Rutland one must clamber down almost as many steps as are found in the Wash- ington monument. Once at the bottom one finds the channeling machines pound- ing away in ceaseless din, cutting the rock into great slices, These machines run back and forth on rails, and, by means of drills driven downward into the Stone with great force, a slit is cut to any desired depth and length. Electric drills are used to bore into the rock in a horizontal direction, and by means of wedges driven into the holes thus made the marble is detached from its bed and is ready to be lifted by powerful cranes Every articleis written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere. 97w FARM BOY an? GIRL SCIENTIFIC one MECHANICAL A Gigantic In finishing large marble pillars Marble Monolith Undergoing the Finishing the stone 1s ‘turned" quite the same as though it were a piece of Process. in an elcctiic lathe and wood. The illustration moun ted shows one of the largest single marble monoliths ever made in this country. ' it ..,- Surface Openlng of the Deepest Marble Quarry in the World. This quarry, hundred feet deep. situated at West Rutland, Vermont, is between three and four Tradition has it that the land upon which it is situated was so full of stone out-cropping that the man who owned it about three quarters of a. century ago traded It for a decrepit horse with which to leave the country. Quarry Openlng at: Proctor, Vt. Steps on Quarry Wall show how Marble has been taken out Layer by Layer. to the surface, after which it p es to the mills to be sawed into blocks or slabs. This, too, is an interesting operation in which sand, running 'atcr and a saw made of soft iron but without teeth are utilized. The rough block 0f marble is placed under a set of saws which are so adjusted that the whole stone is i‘llt up at one time into slabs and blocks of varying thickness. By means of p iwc;ful machinery these saws are operatcd hili'k and forth against the :tonc while a. stream of water, containing sand in sus— pension, pours constantly over it. The sharp edges of the sand cut into the soft Stone as the strip of iron works the small pieces of silicon back and forth against it. Many hours are required to cut through a block of stone in this way, but after four thousand years of marble working no better or speedier method seems in sight. This process is substan- tially the same that was used by the early Greeks with the exception that machine power has taken the place of hand power. After the marble is sawed into slabs or blocks it goes to the finishing mills to be worked up into the specified sizes and to receive the polish with which all are fa- miliar. No two patterns in the stone are ever exactly the same and it is most fascinating to watch the huge buffers give the polish to the stone that brings out the hitherto hidden lines and trac- mgs. It is in the_finishing shops at Proctor that one gains a true idea of the magni- tude of the marble industry centering at this point From the countless monu- ments and markers to be. seen in all stains of completion it is easy to under- stand why Proctor has been called the grcatest tombstone center in the world. (vcr 100.000 individual stones for the marking of graves were shipped from this pOint in 1911. One usually finds many large public monuments in process of finishing in the l’roctor shops. And it is not unlikely that some special order of significance will attract one’s attention in this department. ()ne of the most interesting things of this kind within the past few years was the finishing of the huge columns which now adorn the facade of a building re- cently completed in Independence Square, Philadelphia. Each of the fourteen pil- lors is approximately thirty feet long and three feet eight inches in diameter and Weighed thirty tons when finished and ready for shipment. They are the larg- “from . my...” you” » man-ram. THE MICHIGAN FARMER. 1,“ - 'oo'r. 18. 1918. An acre of peanuts will produce three times as much pork as an acre of corn. Yet peanuts are rais~ ed by the same methods of tillage as corn, and instead of depleting the soil, as corn does, they enrich it. At the Arkansas experiment station an acre of peanuts made l,250 lbs. of gain on hogs, while an acre of corn made only 436 lbs. And l.250 lbs. is not an extra good showing. Mr.Wright of Lufkin.Texas pastures his hogs on peanuts and makes (500 to 1800 lbs. of pork per acre! Along the Cotton Belt Route in Arkansas and Texas peanuts slone pay big. J. M. Jones a farmer who lives 8 miles from Joncsboi‘o, Ark., sold 8953.32 worth of Spanish peanuts and peanut hay from 10 acres. Land that will yield big peanut crops can be bought now at $25 to $30 per acre. Peanuts is just one of the money making crops of Arkansas and Texas. When you get fineland at $15 to $30 per acre: when you have a mild short winter and don’t have to stall feed stock: when you get all the rain that any crop needs (40 to 50 inches), you’ll make big money. no matter what you raise. With good roads, good schools, close markets, phones, rural delivery. churches, etc.. you don’t have to sacrifice any social advantage in Arkansas and East Texas. Books by a farmer—free! We got a practical farmer to travel all along the Cotton Belt Route and talk with the farmers themselves, get pictures of their farms and their personal statements. Because he was a farmer this man knew what you wanted to know about these sections and he tells you in these free books—showing scores of actual photograph pictures of the farms he visited. You must not miss seeing these books. Send me your name and address on a post card today. 5. W. LsBesnme, Gen’l Passenger Agent. 1726 Pierce Building, St. Louis, Mo. Low Fare Excursions via . Cotton Belt Route on lst and 3rd Tuesdays each month. - Ask me about them. write! . -a.r drums. ‘ in my ears night and day. ’Ihey are perfectly com- ' for-table. No one sees assures Ear mu them. Write me and I P"- NW- 8.8;” will tell you atrue story N°- 9°“ -how I tdeaf and how I made myself best. A dress Artificial Ear Drum Co. 3 .2. WAY, 0 Adelaide St... Detroit. ‘1‘- A BRAND NEW AGENT LIGHTER , Novel wstch~shaped Lighter. Operated with one hand;givos an instantaneous light ' every time. No electricity, no battery. no “ires no explosive; does an ay with mat 'hes. Lights your pips. cigar, cigarette, gas jet, etc. Dandy thing for the end of your chain. Tremendous seller. Writs quick for wholesale terms and prices. G.(l.llrnndt lllfg. (‘o.. 148 Dunne St..N.Y roman kerosenelun orlanternlhsnfromeectricity . or an, HlTE FLA E BURNERS [iv-.- A soft while I' In innl to three ordinary lsrn s. No MANTLE 0 BR AK. Safe and Reliable. li his every user. 55 lo$l5dsily. [Everybody buys. AGE NT Write quick forfsrticulnrs and territory. Cumplele ample pastpai 35cm, stamps or coin, 3 for $1. Money back if not satisfactory. ltlfo Finns um 00. 39 can or. um um. Ii» The Largest and Best Line of SCOTCll PLAID SKIRTS Delivered to your door by partial post prepaid at manufacturer‘s prices. Skirts well made and guar- anteed in every particular. A light weight skirt for 82.50: heavy weight 33. xaotly the same as retail for $5 and $6. Money back if not perfectly satisfied. send at once for free samples of goods to select from and blanks for measurements. THE DETROIT SKIRT WORKS. 501-502 Hodges Bldg" Detroit. Mlchlusn. LOOK HERE! Do you wanl a Elli MARKER? I will out your name neatly on Brass (one inch lot- ters) and send to any address. postpaid. on receipt of % cents. if more than 10 letters in name 2 cents for each letter extra. and all orders to A. H. BRAUNLICH. Ida. Mich. WeWill PayYou $120.00 to distribute religious literature in your community. Sixty dsyg' work. Experience not required. Man or woman Opportunity for promotion. Spare time may be used. International Bible Press,540 Winston Bldg.,Philsdelphis GOVERNMEII FARMERS mm M... 9,3 monthly. living quarters. Write. OZMENT, 17 F, 8t.Lonis. Mo~ est marble monoliths ever made in ‘this country. They were finished (in an elec- tric lathe built especially for the pur- pose, being handled in much the same way that a wooden pillar is “turned” on a. wood lathe. Much of the finer detail work in the finishing department of a marble concern is done by hand, skilled marble workers from Italy being employed in many cases. Some of the best workmen of this kind are mere boys, and it is often diffi- cult to say whether one of these lads, or the grey—haired man working beside him, is most adept. By HOWARD The trouble started when Ike Middle- tOn threatened to wallop Jerry Maxwell because Maxwell had bruised the Middle- ton dog with a brick. Maxwell went be- fore Justice I’oindexter and swore out a warrant, charging Middleton with dis- turbing the peace. The town marshal went down to Middleton’s to arrest Ike. but when he got there Ike couldn’t be- found. The m’arslial asked the neighbors what had become of Middleton and they told him to go and look in the Middleton well. In the Middleton well was Ike Mid- dleton. There he wa; seeking refuge from the police. The town marshal begged. suggested and then demanded that Middleton come to the surface and be arrested, but Mid- dleton refused, and for several hours he succeSSfully defied the marshal and his two deputies, but finally the officers se- cured a block and tackle and. by lasso- ing the obstreperous refugee, they hauled him to the surface and dragged him to the “cooler,” which was the official name of the town jail. As soon as it became- known that Mid- dleton had been brought to the surface Jerry Maxwell was for dismissing the charge of “disturbing the peace,” and lodging the more serious charge of “re- sisting arrest” against the prisoner. Ac— cordingly the first warrant was destroyed and another sworn out. It was a case in which the whole town was intereSted. Judge Ripley, of course, had to represent the people, because he held the responsible position of city at- torney, and the matter of defending Mid- dleton was left to Attorney Caleb \Vaters who had practiced law but a. short time. \V‘hen Judge Ripley learned that there was a case on the docket he was hilar- ious. The judge was the prize lawyer of them all. He had formerly been on the circuit bench, but at the time the Mid- dleton case came up he was living in semi-retirement. He tried a case for the town once or twice a year and dabbled in private practice once in a while for the fun of the thing. He was not compelled to make his living by the law profession, be it understood. and as a consequence he was always agear to tackle a job that looked as interesting as'the prospect of prosecuting Ike Middleton, As a matter of fact. Judge Ripley had won several dozens of cases from Attor- ney Vi'alters and he hankered to get at the young attorney again. Be it likewise known that \\'alters feared Ripley and dreaded to take a case when Ripley lizid the other side of it. Ripley usually won his cases frOm Walters on fine points of law" that the young attorney had not yet learned, and each defeat was accompa- nied by a roasting from the venerable judge who took delight in poking fun at the somewhat timid and inexperienced disciple of Blackstone. “I'll set this case for trial at 10:30 Tues- day forenoon," said Justice l’oindcxtei‘. “Attorney Caleb \Valters will appear for the defense and Judge Ripley will repre- sent the people of the town.” Judge Ripley strode out and went to his office. During the next few days he did not bother his head with the Middle- ton case. He made it a point never to try a case until he got to it. Not so with Walters, however. He went to his office, hauled down the code and started to read. He got all the iii— formation he could find" that had any bearing on the case, and then he inter- viewed the prisoner six or seven times. “I hate to go into court with this case,” he exclaimed on the morning of the day before the trial, “because Ripley will be on hand to make himself disa— greeable again. He will haul me around over the coals until he gets me muddled up in regard to the facts, and then he’ll NOt all marble is suitable for struc- tural or ornamental purposes. There- are marbles—and marbles! Rutland county has all kinds—some so coarse and granu- lar as to be of little use for anything but ‘building purposes, while some is so fine grained as to crumble at the least pres- sure. Marble comes in'all colors, due to the'carbonaceous matter derived from the minute forms of sea life that are respon- sible for the formation of these beds of limestone. At Vi'est Rutland many of the different colors are found side by side in layers—pure white, mottled green, grey, greyish white and various other tints. lllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllll||lll|lllll|IllllllIlllIllilllllllllllllllllllllllIll|lllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllll||l||Illllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllillllllllllllllllll In Default of Appearance. C. KEGLEY run in some new point of law, succeed in making that dunderhead of a. justice believe it, and I’ll lose- the case as sure as you are a. foot high.” On Tuesday morning Walters reached his office bright and early. He marked eight or ten reference bookS, hunted up a lot of complicated sect-ions of the code. worked himself into a red-hot frenzy over the Middleton case, and then sat down and awaited the appointed hour. Over in Judge Ripley’s office all was serene. The judge blew big rings of black smoke frOm a heavy cigar, chuckled to himself over the prospect of fiaying the young attorney. and paid little atten- tion to the time of day. Shortly after ten o'clock \Vzilters gath— ered up his ‘law books and journeyed down the street to Justice l"oindextei"s office. He thought that by getting there early he would have a chance to get over his uneasiness before the case was called to trial. Once or twice Judge Ripley glanced at his watch, :ibsentmindedly, ‘but it only said nine o'clm-k, and be 101ch back in his easy chair and lit a fresh cigar. \Valters glanced at his watch, after he had been waiting for some time. and he noticed that it was nearly 10:30. He arose and moved around the court room uneasily. Judge Ripley indulged in a short nap and when he awoke he looked at his watch. It was exactly 9:30. He arose. went out on the street, bathed himself in sunshine for a few minutes, and then started up the street in the direction of Justice Poindexter’s office. “The case of the town of Jayville againSt Ike Middleton was set for 10:30 o’clock on Tuesday morning, and that hour has arrived," remarked \Valters, addressing the justice. “The prosecut- ing attorney is in default of appearance, and, if it please the court, we pray that the case be dismissed on account of de- fault.” Justice Poindexter, who had the open doeket before him, was making an entry in the book while Walters was' speaking. A moment later the door opened and Judge Ripley walked in. “Vi'ell, I see the attorney for the de— fense is on hand,” remarked the judge, “and we might as well proceed to try the ease of the town of Jayville vs. Ike Mid- dleton, hadn’t we?” “That case.” remarked Justice Poin- dexter with an air of unconcern, “has gone by default, because you were not here at 10:30 o’clock.” “Is that so?" mused Judge “\Vhat time have you now?" Justice Poindexter and Attorney \Valt- Ripley. ers produced their watches. The hands of both timepieces had gone past the half-way marks between the tens and~ elevens. Judge Ripley then pulled out his watch and looked at it. The minute hand indi- cated 9:30 o’clock. The judge didn’t say a. single word. He just turned on his heel, sauntered out and went up the street, twisting the stem of the watch that he had neglected to wind the night before. “De man dat don't trust anybody." said Uncle Eben, “is mighty liable to figure out moral responsibilities in a way dat'll prevent anybody f'um truStin’ him.” “What has become of the big man who used to beat the bass drum?" asked the private of the drum-major. “He left us about three months ago.” “Good drummer, too, wasn’t he?” “Yes, very good; but he got so fat that when he marched he couldn't hit the drum in the middle." ~ THE WEATHER CROKKER. BY CHARLOTTE BIRD; Now has come that seas-on of the year when the dolorous voice of the weather croaker is heard in the land. Regularly every autumn, as regularly as the birds migrate to a more genial climate, he raises his voice in the “hearing of whoever cares to listen. Frequently he gets him- self in the newspapers and so enjoys the enlarged audience. It makes no differ- ence whatever how the results of his previous forecasts have turned out, again with each season we tremble before his warnings of evil. He himself has for- gotten, and nobody else a year afterwards reminds us of what that old Mr. Jones prophesied last fall, and blow lovely after all the winter turned out to be. Often the weather croaker is the ”old- est inhabitant;" in fact, this is usually the case. He has discovered nature’s deep Secrets, he feels, as none of the younger generations can hope to under- stand them. He has been taught by the squirrels and the beavers which, this year, are building their nests a. good month in advance of the regular .time; this, he declares, is an unfailing harbinger of an early, long winter; they are build- ing them thick, which is a Sure sign that the winter will be cold and bitter. These findings are supported by the revela~ tions of the brezistbone of the Thanks- giving turkey, which this year is solid bone instead of being half gristle. And so on. These signs, he assures you with a. wise wag of his head, rarely or never fail. Ah, he knows a lot more about the weather probabilities than any of those half-baked weather bureau observers, and he is not too modest to intimate as much to you. Now the most sensible minded of us stand in greater or less awe of this wiz- ard of weather foresight. \Vhen with an air of conviction the seasoned weather r-rouker assures us that “judging from all signs the approaching winter is going to be long and cruel," we feel a shiver of fearsome anticipation travel up and down our spineS. A lively imagination immediately calls up a state of affairs which wood and coal will hardly be ade— quate to relieve. We think of flower beds, fruit trees and grain fields destroy- ed, and of the weary time before they, can be restored; our thoughts dwell pity- ingly 0n the poor, and our own physical discomfort is not forgotten. Very likely the weather croaker has not intended to create all this mental dis- turbance; nevertheless, he has done it and is far from regretting the importance which he has thereby acquired. And, if he so disturbsthe mature and seasoned. what about his influence on the young and inexperienced? Happily, their fresh, wholesome outlook on life in some meas- ure saves them. Yet the influence of the weather croaker remains not good but bad, for why should we be induced to run ahead to meet any unpleasantness? \Ve should none of us take the weather croaker too seriously but use our God- given penetration and value his forecasts for just what they are worth. If in a. inoui'nful tone he foretells frost for Sep- tember, it is an altogether safe predic- tion; September is the month for frosts. If he aSSures us that it will be cold in October, that also is the month in which we may expect winter‘s first knock at our doors. Nevertheless, winter Often glowers at us in October only to repent and hide his face all through November. Very often the weather croaker is not a person of great influence in any other fields. Perhaps in his young and middle years he has never had any great stand- ing as to his opinions. The really im- portant person has other things to think and talk about. To an insignificant life mere added years cannot lend the weight of real dignity. So why should we allow a person of this character for one mo—; ment to overshadow our peace and con- tentment, whatever he may choose to say on any subject? His faith in this world’s beauty and goodness has been blunted; his anticipation of good things still to come, chilled. To him a beautiful day is just a weather-breeder. When :we come down to the bottom of things, this is merely his method of win- ning attention, appreciation. His weath- er prophesies‘are but his obvious, yet perhaps unconscious, striving to save himself from being laid irretrievably on the dreaded shelf. So we may look kind- ly upon his foibles and- treathim gener- ously. But let us not allow' him to steal from us one blessed moment of life's sweet joy and beauty. ,_ a, '“z I l 'l ,s was... -. “fivv .. we,“ OCT. 18, 1913. THE MICHIGAN‘IlF-ARMER An Earnest Invitation. By ALICE A. LARKIN. If there's anybody looking For a chance to go to ride With a team both safe and gentle, And a driver true and tried. We will gladly give them welcome, And we’ll take them anywhere; We will charge but very little, So don’t bother ’bout the fare. If you haven’t any money, I expect an apple tart Would enable you to travel In our big and roomy cart. If your work is not too pressing. \\'e will take you to the brook. “here you'll haVe a chance for fishing \\'ith a pole and line and hook. We might have a. little picnic. So perhaps you'd better bring Cake or pie or even cookies, Apples, nuts or anything. If you think you’d really like it. Then I guess we’d better start: We will have a jolly outing In our big and roomy cart. lllllllllIIHIIlIllllllllll||Illlll|lllllllllllllllllllHHlilllilllllllilllllliIlllillllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllilllllIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllilllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllll THE FIRST SPEECH. BY EARLE W. GAGE. “Hurrah!” cried William iLawrence, rushing into the house like a hurricane, “I’m on the affirmative. The boys are all as mad as March hares about it, I can tell you.” “Why, what for?" said Rose, coolly, as she continued to paste her scrap-book. “\Vhat for!” echoed IVilliam, with a look of an older brother who pities a sis— ter’s ignorance; “why, to think Iim put on the question instead of one of the rest. There hasn’t a boy in our class spoken in the Lyceum yet,” added he jerking his sister’s elbow by way of pointing the remark. “I suppose that you know that, don’t you?” “I know you don’t talk grammar," re- turned Rose, “and I know you have made me drop a great blot of paste on my bOOk. See- here!" “Well, don’t fuss. Just reach the big dictionary, won’t you? I’m going to read up from the foundation of the world down to the battle of Island Number Ten. Where’s Plutarch's Lives?” “Do tell me, have you got to speak on ancient history?" said Rose, looking up. “Of course not, child. Question reads, ‘Resolved, that the fear of punishment has a better effect on mankind than the hope of reward.’ I argue that it has. I think exactly the reverse, mind you; but when we make speeches we do it for the Sake of argument, you see.” “Do we?” laughed Rose. “Vt'ell, I sup- pose the fact is, that you want me to help you write your speech; that is what you were going to say, isn't it?” “Me?” said \Villiam, in dignified amaze- ment. “Great help you would be! You can write ‘moonlight’ pieces and such nonSense for the Lyceum paper; but what do you know about logic? Now, you see, this sort of thing jUSt suits my turn of mind, Rose. I’m going off into the library, and don’t let anything or anyone disturb me till supper time. I shall write like a. telegraph, for my mind is in the- poten- tial mood, present tense.” Rose pressed her lips together just in time to prevent a provoking smile. She remembered certain “compositions" which had been wrenched out of his head like sound teeth. William locked himself in the library I and tried to collect his thoughts. In the course of an hour the exultant expression h'ad left his face; he began to look puz- zled. “O, bother this writing!” sighed he. ”I can’t piece the sentences together without making an ugly seam. If I could get a Start now! It's like a. spool of thread; if you begin right, it will unwind ever so easy; but I can’t get hold of the end.” Two hours later. William’s speech, which he had intended should be an iron chain ,of argument. bedecked with flOW- ers of rhetoric, where was it? Farther off than ever. His thoughts would not come at all; they believed in state sov- ereignty and paid no respect to the fed- eral hand. “Look here. Rose,” said W'illiam next morning, looking rather sheepish, “you girls have a knack of fixing things up. I’ve got ideas enough; fact is, I’ve got too many. All that plagues me is, what to do with them. Suppose I tell you what to write and you write it? Now, that's a good girl, Rose; I’ll do as much for you ‘ some time.” Rose kindly refrained from saying. “Just as I expected,” and took the pen- cil and paper from her brother With a pleasant Smile. “Now,” said “'illiam, greatlyrelieved to find he was not being laughed at, “I Want the speech to be real sound, you know, and sort of eloquent, too. I mus! get in s0mething about Demosthenes, (.r some of those fellows, and that golden— mouthed what's his name? Something about the settlement of America, and scaring the Quakers. Put in that Bible. .Verse, ‘Don't spare the rod or you'll spoil the child.’ Say it's an awful thing to bring children up to expect presents in- stead of whippingsfithere's the point of the argument, you know—and wind off with some poetry, it won’t make much difference what.” “\Vell, William Lawrence.” said Rose in despair. “I should think your brains had been churned! You‘ve been chasing great ideas about till you’re dizzy, that's what it is. Now sit down and let‘s talk about it awhile before we begin.” William obeyed in humble state of mind, very much ashamed of himself for appealing to Rose, who was only a girl, and (lid not understand logic, yet very grateful to her after all. Fortunately, she seemed to understand his confused ideas far better than he did, and in due time they had composed what \Villiam regarded as a. sensational speech, commencing with, “Mr. President.” and ending with a few lines from Milton. “Now, Rose,” said William, “that’s just about the thing. ideas, didn’t I? I’ll learn it by heart, and See if I don’t deliver it with a grand f10urish. There’s a great deal, you know, in the gestures. It’s enough to make you ache to see how stiff some of the. fel- lows stand when they speak. They get scared, I suppose.” But William exulted too soon. are very brave before they ever have. a tooth out, and boys are very brave be- fore they have ever tried to speak in public. William thought he was not afraid of anything, but when called out to speak he felt as if the joints in his body had all turned to hard wood and would not bend. He heard a suppressed titter from the little boys, and the eyes of the audi— ence seemed to prick through his nerves like needles. Everybody took a savage pleasure in his misery, that was plain. Oh, to think he should have ever laugh- ed at boys for being stiff when they couldn’t bend! He made his bow to the erng side, But I found the People ‘ 11—343 We Have Told 15,000 Girls and Women How to Make Money This Year Notbycanvassinghorbeingagents: not by getting subscriptions for 7726 Ladies’ Home Journal, but in scores of ways unknown to the average person and by staying right at hOme. Two women do nothing else on T56 Ladies” Home lemma/’5 ecli— torial force but just put them- selves into the positions of other women who want to make money and don’t know how, and then tell them what they can do and hOW they can do it. It is a regular personal service that we have back of Tée Ladz'ey’Home Journal and at the free disposal of any reader or subscriber. It is called“WhatCan I Do?” Bureaus, and 15,000 girls and women wrote to it this year and were answered: not in print or in the magazine, but in direct, personal, confidene tial and helpful letters by mail. For years we have been finding out how clever girls and women have made money in unusualways, and this information, bought and paid for, we pass on to others without charge. A booklet, “The Story of 600,000 Invisible Hands,” tells some- thing about this service. A postal- card request will bring a copy. A year’s subscription to The Ladies’ Home Joumal, by mail, costs $1.50, or it may be bought from any Newsdealer or Boy Agent at 15 cents a copy. THE CURTIS PUBLISHING COMPANY INDEPENDENCE SQUARE PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, haw-Jaw “Esau-+1.... me.w “as... 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These Two F ree Books Will Assist You Acme Quality Painting Guide and “Home Decorating"—the names suggest what is in the books. They are books you will want to keep handy for reference. Filled with illustrationsin colors, and the helpful suggestions show the wide variety and econom of Acme Quality. Now is painting time, so write for these books today. if you don't know the Acme Quality dealer in your town, write us for his name. ACME WHITE LEAD AND COLOR WORKS Dept. AA, Detroit, Mich. Boston Pittsburgh Birmingham Lincoln Portland Chicago Cincinnati Fort Worth Salt Lake City San Francisco Minneapolis Toledo Dallas gpokane Loo Angelea St. Louis Nashville Topeka aooma San Diego Buy the Carly Farm Shoe Right Now Wears like iron-feels like silk. The CADY is the ideal shoe for fall and winter farm wear, because it is built extra strong, and practically proof against water, slush, snow and dirt. Made from top to toe of genuine solid leather—“Tull Hide,” special tanned— no pastboard insoles or cheap materials in the CADY. Wears like iron, yet is pliable and easy on the feet. Our best workmanship, seams stoutly reinforced. Thick extension sole, whole vamp, Blucher style. Outside counter pocket. Full bellows tongue that keeps out water, dirt, etc. Black or chocolate color, same quality. Ask your Dealer for the CADY Shoe. If he hasn‘t it, write us and we will see , that you are supplied. THE CADY-IVISUN SHOE 60., CLEVELAND, OHIO. CADY Look fer this Trade Mark on the shoes you buy W Cleveland COLEMAN LIGHTS LAMPS AND LIGHTING SYSTEMS Most Modern and economical lighting plants ever ofl'ered. Over 500,000 now installed ‘ on Farms. in Churches. Town Homes, Stores, etc. Made for any building, room h oroh. yard or drive. Make and burn their own lie—no batteries or engines to ,__ use with—no wicks to trim. no chimneys to clean. ill only onoea week. Clean onl once a. ear. 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Show goatmi it sells itself. Experience not necessary. 220 St. Francu A... ma...- ,x...... “message, .322“ a m... ... WW”M¢*MM‘JH¥WMMI rd-“WM-riaw. m . .. .... THE MICHIGAN FARME‘R and turned his back to the president. “Mr. President,” said he in a whisper, turning right-about face. “Mr, President, sir,” repeating the words in a hoarse voice that sounded to him as if it came from some other boy’s throat. "Mr. Lawrence,” replied the president, smiling encouragingly. But if William had been trying to get possession of a rainbow or a flash of lightning, he could have caught either of them as soon as one word of his speech. V‘V’hlther had it fled? Five minutes ago he had it by heart. "Mr. President,” he began in despera- ‘tion. “I will ask to be excused," thought the poor boy, "and then rush out of the house and hide where nobody will ever set eyes on me again.” But Rose, meet- ing his glance, nodded with a smile that said, “Don't give up, William." She did not seem to be ashamed of him. And Rose’s friend, that wicked little Fanny Warner, was whispering and laughing to somebody, and William,was sure she was saying, “That’s what I call a smart boy." Cruel joke! William’s pride was touched in a mo-~ merit. The speech would not come back to him, to be sure, but he was determin- ed'to say something. “The question is—ahem—Mr. President, ‘Does the fear of reward have a greater effect on mankind. sir, than the hope of punishment?’ I contend that it has. If I was in the army, Mr. President, I Should want to be promoted, I hope, and that would help me some, but I tell you if I got into a. fix, sir, as the men did at Pittsburg, and wanted to back out, the fear of being a coward would make the fight come, and I wouldn’t give in; no. not if I died for it! They shouldn’t have it to say I run! ' “Now, Mr. President, I've forgotten my speech, and if it wasn’t for the fear of getting laughed at I wouldn’t have said a word. You might know I didn’t speak for hope of getting clapped! That's all I’ve got to say, sir.“ nut “'illiam did get clapped most heartily. And next day when he showed his teacher the elaborate speech which never was spoken, Mr. Garfield declared that, in spite of the closing verse from Milton, he liked the off-hand speech bet- ter, because it was a great deal more natural and not at all farfetched. THE GIFT OF CONVERSATION. BY LOU D. STEARNS. Not everyone is born a good, or even a fair conversationalist, but it is the height of folly to sit back with folded hands and mourn over the gift life has denied. There is nothing that cannot be, in a measure, acquired if one but briilgs to it live desire coupled with persistent, steady work from day to day. It is easy to say “forget yourFelf;” “be a good list- ener;” “draw others out;” but before you an successfully do any of these you must by sheer force of habit, build a founda- tion on which to stand. In other words, you must stock up the empty store-room of your soul, or brain, as it may be, thus supplying the power that is lacking, or perhaps merely lies dormant. Lack of conversational ability comes from various causes—shyness, lack of ob- servation of everyday happenings, of knowledge, of the power to sift the in- teresting from the irksome, and often lack of real interest and sympathy with the world at large. For all these defects there iS‘ one common remedy—cultivate the mind, and the heart. Go about it systematically. Force an interest, if you do not feel it. I‘Vhen you rise in the morning, as regularly as you comb you hair, go over the happenings of yesterday. Think of some incident that had a human appeal. Think until you find it, even though it was only seeing the lit- tle snow birds twittering in the cold. Af- ter a bit you will find yourself watching through the day for these human touches, and loving them. Don‘t forget when you meet your neigh— bor to store up what he says, either of joy or pain, and ask about it the next time you meet. Go for a walk every day and when you come in sit down by yourself and see ‘how many things you can remember that im- ressed you. Go over them in detail, aloud if it is nothing more than watching a thirsty horse taking a drink. Bit by bit you will see more things, and describe them better. Read the daily paper; then see how many thing you can remember that have a, human interest value. Itemize them aloud, giving as full an account of each as possible. Find something you do not quite grasp—a new invention. discovery, 1 OCT. '18, 1913. THE GOLDEN CHAIN. BY DORA H. STOCKMAN. A pink rose-petal, fragrant, sweet, 1t lay within his big brown palm— His smallest finger could have crushed The tiny hand, as. soft as down. So weak and helpless, but to beat The air in protest seemed a task; Yet thOSe small baby fingers clutched And held within their mighty grasp The loving heart-strings of a man, A man whose every living power Would gladly serve and sacrifice— \Vork——pray—and plan for every hour That this, his child, flesh of 'his flesh, All he had hoped, and longed, might, be. Upon life’s ladder, ,step by step, To lift him up, and then to stand With straining nerves and muscles taut To bridge the broken rung, and span The gulf fixed by the hand of Fate That separated from the man He might have been. Hope whispered "Through this, thy son. thou llv'st again." Thus fatherhood eternally Walks through the childhood fields of Spring, Plucking once more its blossoms, fair, Youth's strivings, and in his battles win; Then when the chain of life, worn thin, Is snapped, and useless turns to clay, A living link, this son, fills in his place That binds him to the Future Day. So on through Time inscrutable By love’s divine instinct command The Golden Chain of life is forged “’ith lliinkdby link, a brown and rose-pink an . a bit of historical, or political news. Go over it sentence by sentence, with your dictionary at hand. Look up every word you are not quite sure of. Keep at it un- til it is clear, and you can sit back and give an intelligent account of it in your own wordS. Beginning with Sunday, make a list of the most interesting things you read or learn through the week, as they come up, and on the following Sunday go over it, describing each one before starting a new list. Talk of things and events, instead of people, whenever possible; don't drag yourself and your ills into the conversa- tion. Memorize little witty sayings-hu- morous stories—and learn to tell them in as few words as possible. Train yourself to bring them in when they fit, and be~ fore you know it you will find yourself able to 00nverse not only with ease, but enjoyment, because you'have broadened your outlook until it has become both in- telligent and kind. SMILE PROVOKERS. Miss Smart—Have you ever been through algebra? “Yes, but it was in the night and I didn't see much of the place. “What's the matter with your wife? She's all broken up lately.” “She got a terrible jar.” . “What has happened?" 2 “\Vhy, she was assisting at a. rummage sale, took off her new hat, and somebody sold it for thirty-five cents.” At the hay market a couple of farmers stopped to talk crops and horses. “Are you in the market for a. good horse?” asked one. “Always ready to dicker,” the other answered. “Ever see that little bay mare of mine?” “I think I know the critter.” “How’d you like to own her? She’s yOurs at rock bottom price." Gathering up his lines preparatory to leaving the spot the other farmer re— plied: “\\'ell, John, I’d buy her this morning but I hate to bust a dollar." It was while on maneuvers, and a. sol- dier was being tried for the shooting of a chicken 0n prohibited ground. i “Look here, my man," said the com- manding officer to the farmer who brought the accusation, “are you quite certain this is the man who shot your bird? Vi’ill you swear to him?” “No, I won't do that,” replied the can- ny yokel, “but I will say he’s the man I Suspect of doing it.” “That's not enough to convict a man!" retorted the commanding officer, consid- erably nettled. “What’s raised your sus- picions?” “Well, sir,” replied the sturdy farmer, as 'he slowly mopped his forehead with his bandanna, “it was this way. I see 'im on my property with a gun: then I heard the gun go off; then I see ’im put- ting the chicken into his knapsack: and it didn’t seem sense nohow to think the bird committed suicide.” I r i i . L.‘ "'-_b""“"~"'“i .~ / T'HE‘MIC'HIG'AN FARMER 13—345 OCT. 13, .1913. " \fia \. E 6‘\ \‘EE ‘9 t \2 , F, A '$ W in? T) p ' - “ .UHM I], Hm mm» i ii uwmuuma'yn ‘ T %y‘ '- ‘ Th uni . new 4W, llmglii; m ,l‘.,,“ 3 i) ”‘ 465%" it ,1 my mm 9W -\ .‘.._ _ The Mitchell 1914 Line is being produced by Engineer John W. Bate, the man who created the Mitchell car, and the famous Mitchell Bahy Six. After a year’s rest he re— turns to Racine to place the Mitchell in a .rtronger porzz‘ion than it has ever occupied. This Means for the Mitchell Car for 1914 The Mitchell Little Six is the most logical value on the market. It is a six—cylinder car of aristocratic design. electric self-starter and generator, electric lights and all modern conveniences and sells for the reasonable price of The Mitchell Big Six is very much the same design as the Little Six. It has sixty horse-power, 144- inch wheel—base and seats seven passengers. It has EqUipment Of A” big tires and the same splendid finish throughout as the Little Six $2,350 Mitchell Models likewise the same fine equipment. Price, - - Electric Self-Starter and The Mitchell Four has 120 inch wheel-base, forty horse—power and seats five Gammon passengers. It is a splendid family car for little money. It is equipped $1 595 Electric Lights.. precisely the same as the two sixes and sells for - ~ — - 2 Speedometer“ No matter which one of the Mitchell cars you select, you will make an investment. Mohair To and Cover. . . . . Rain Vision, Ventilating You have Bate’: word for it. You have our word for it. And the serum that lies Quick Action Wind- behind it is ten times better than a guarantee. We are going to make you like the car, Eshiefil. I _ like us and like the agent you deal with. In all respects this is to be a Mitchell ’ma emovabc Rm“ year and you will love Double Extra Tire Carrier. The Car You Ought to Have at the Price You Ought to Pay Bair Bow Holders. License Plate Bracket. Electric Horn Electric Exploring Lamp. of? ~‘i ' “ . “v “" “ €11}: . . \ .0. Complete Set of Tools. Pump Jack. All included in list price. Prices F. O. 3. Racine IIIIIfllllllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 80 Years of Faithful Service to the American Public it i ‘ 7:1 Mn... LittlSiX$1,895 The Original Mitchell Engineer Again at the head of the Mitchell-Lewis Motor Company—a matchless line for 1 9 14 The Mitchell-Lewis Motor Com- pany, with unlimited capital at in command, has surrounded Mr. Bate with the best facili— ties and the finest factory that it is possible to build. It Will back the car with the most liberal Semn'ce- Policy for car ownerr that the business mind can conceive. Quality—Efficiency—Long Life Eighty years of faithful service to the American public is the Company’s Guarantee It has fifty horse power, 132 inch wheel-base, five passenger capacity. It has along, low, rakish streamline body, is luxuriously upholstered, is equipped with _ _ _$1,895 Features of 1914 Mitchell Left Hand Drive. Center Control. Tungsten ‘Steel Valves. T-Head Fully Enclosed. Long Stroke Motor. Rayfield Carburetor Gravity Gasoline Feed. Roomy Streamline Body. Timken Wheel Bearings. Full Floating Rear Axle. Big Tires. Luxurious Upholstering. Nickel Trimmings. Demountable Rims. Jiffy Quick-Action Side. Curtains. Prices F. O. B. Racine g. g o 344—12 A Bright as 3 New [Dollag N =’ .gpm 4; Ml 1| 5 1 . . .\i‘\ mull!" ,ulllllUllHlllllUlIlll"ml'ii W :1 ARVELOUS what a lot of sunshine a little paint can put into a room and into the home. The same old furniture can be given an entirely new look, and don’t for- get that it is a lot cheaper to repaint the old than to buy new. Best of all, you can do the painting and fixing up yourself. For instance, there is the bed up in the boys’ room—boys are hard on furniture, anyway—but with ACME OUAZITY Paints, Enamels, Stains, Varnishes you can cover up the scratches and make things look as good as ever. So you can go through the house. In this room, tint the walls; in that, put on bright enamel over the old varnish. The hall floor, maybe, shows wear, or, in the kitchen, floor paint is needed—it would lighten your work tremendously to have the bare floor painted, because so much easier to keep it clean. These Two F ree Books Will Assist You Acme Quality Painting Guide and “Home Decorating"——-the names suggest what is in the books. They are books you will want to keep handy for reference. Filled with illustrationsin colors, and the helpful suggestions show the wide variety and econom of Acme Quality. Now is painting time, so write for these books today. if you don't know the Acme Quality dealer in your town, write us for his name. ACME WHITE LEAD AND COLOR WORKS Dept. AA, Detroit, Mich. Boston Pittsburgh Birmingham Lincoln Portland Chicago Cincinnati Fort Worth Salt Lake City San Francisco Minneapolis Toledo Dallas S kane ngelea St. Louis Nashville Topeka acoma San Diego Buy the Carly Farm Shoe Right Now Wears like iron—feels like silk. The CADY is the ideal shoe for fall and winter farm wear, because it is built extra strong, and practically proof against water, slush, snow and dirt. Made from top to toe of genuine solid leather—“Tufi Hide,” special tanned— no pastboard insoles or cheap materials in the CADY. Wears like iron, yet is pliable and easy on the feet. Our best workmanship, seams stoutly reinforced. Thick extension sole, whole vamp, Blucher style. Outside counter pocket. Full bellows tongue that keeps out water, dirt, etc. Black or chocolate color, same quality. Ask your Dealer for the CADY Shoe. If he hasn’t it, write us and we will see that you are supplied. THE CADY-IVISON SHOE 00., CLEVELAND, OHIO. CADY Cleveland Look fOr this Trade Mark on the shoes you buy W COLEMAN LIGHTS LAMPS AND LIGHTING SYSTEMS , Most Modern and economical lighting plants ever offered. Over 500,000 now installed ‘_ on Farms. in Churches. Town Homes, Stores, etc. Made for any building, room orch. yard or drive. Make and burn their own as—no batteries or engines to so with—no sucks to trim. no chimneys to clean. Still only onoea week. Clean on] once a ear. Always ready to light. Give rich. mellow, cheerful light—one is equal to Z) oi lamps, No glare. no flickehiust a soft. steady, brilliant glow. 300 Candle Power At One-Third Cent Per Hour. Onl onegsegggsthsvtsplsiiio‘fhtercsene lighting; 38 {lagoon cheaper than electricity. 5 times .90 esp . average one a 0 cents r . 8 f can't be filled while burning—nothing to break—never hadpxn gagigsion. lutely a 9— Guaranteed For Five Years. Over 100 styles to chose from. Beautiful fixtures of simple. graceful outline. No ex- ensive piping—no tearlnfilup floors or walls—no dirt. no trouble. Complete Coleman ystem put in almost any ome in ion than 1 day. Send for free literature or, better still. send us size of buildings or rooms you wish to light and we will forward you free of charge a complete lighting plan with detailed descriptions andIoost. Write nearest address. Make Money This Wlnior. THE GULEMAN LAMP BOMPANY $rl'.£:‘::.::.f‘:‘:.t*:.¥;’:.:.2::sb°a...°il:.: l005 Summit St., Toledo, Ohio. L Prospect. Every Lamp its own Salesman. Show it and it sells itself. Experience not necessary. 220 St. Francis Ave. , Wichita, Kansas. Got agency in your locality. Write at once for Catalog and W‘- ‘o-olo price list. . \ THE MICHIGAN FARME“R and turned his back to the president. “Mr. President." said he in a whisper, turning right-about face. “Mr, President, Sir,” repeating the words in a hoarse voice that sounded to him as if it came from some other boy's throat. “Mr. Lawrence,” replied the president, smiling encouragingly. But if William had been trying to get possession of a rainbow or a, flash of lightning, he could have caught either of them as soon as one word of his speech. Whither had it fled? Five minutes ago he had it by heart. “Mr. President," he began in despera- tion. “I will ask to be excused,” thought the poor boy, “and then rush out of the house and hide where nobody will ever set eyes on me again." But Rose, meet- ing his glance, nodded with a smile that said, "Don't give up, William.” She did not seem to be ashamed of him. And Rose’s friend, that wicked little Fanny Warner, was whispering and laughing to somebody, and William,was sure she was saying, “That's what I call a smart boy.” Cruel joke! William’s pride was touched in a mo-~ ment. The speech would not come back to him, to, be sure, but he was determin- ed to say something. “The question ls—ahem—Mr. President, ‘Does the fear of reward have a greater effect on mankind, sir, than the hope of punishment?’ I contend that it has. If I was in the army, Mr. President, I Should want to be promoted, I hope, and that w0uld help me some, but I tell you if I got into a. fix, sir, as the men did at Pittsburg, and wanted to back out, the fear of being a coward would make the fight come, and I wouldn’t give in; no, not if I died for it! They shouldn’t have it to say I run! ' , “Now, Mr. President, I’ve forgotten my speech, and if it wasn’t for the fear of getting laughed at I wouldn’t have said a word. You might know I didn’t speak for hope of getting clapped! That’s all I've got to say, sir." But “'illil-lm did get heartily. And next day when he showed his teacher the elaborate speech which never was spoken, Mr. Garfield declared that, in spite of the closing verse from Milton, he liked the off-hand speech bet- ter, because it was a great deal more natural and not at all farfetched. THE GIFT OF CONVERSATION. BY LOU D. STEARNS. Not everyone is born a good, or even a fair conversationalist, but it is the height of folly to sit back with folded hands and mourn over the gift life has denied. There is nothing that cannot be, in a measure, acquired if one but brings to it live desire coupled with persistent, steady work from day to day. It is easy to say “forget youI‘Felf;” “be a good list- ener;" “draw others out;" but before you an successfully do any of these you must by sheer force of habit, build a founda- tion on which to stand. In other words, you must stock up the empty store-room of your soul, or brain, as it may be, thus supplying the power that is lacking, or perhaps merely lies dormant. Lack of conversational ability comes from various causes—shyness, lack of ob- servation of everyday happenings, of knowledge, of the power to sift the in- teresting from the irksome. and often lack of real interest and sympathy with the world at large. For all these defects there iS‘ one common remedy—cultivate the mind, and the heart. Go about it systematically. Force an interest, if you do not feel it. When you rise in the morning, as regularly as you comb you hair, go over the happenings of yesterday. Think of some incident that had a human appeal. Think until you find it, even though it was only seeing the lit- tle snow birds twittering in the cold. Af- ter a bit you will find yourself watching through the day for these human touches, and loving them. Don’t forget when you meet your neigh- bor to store up what he says, either of joy or pain, and ask about it the next time you meet. Go for a walk every day and when you come in sit down by yourself and see 'how many things you can remember that im- ressed you. Go over them in detail, aloud if it is nothing more than watching a. thirsty horse taking a drink. Bit by bit you will see more things, and describe them better. Read the daily paper; then see how many thing you can remember that have a, human interest value. Itemize them aloud. giving as full an account of each as possible. Find something you do not quite grasp—a new invention, discovery, 4 clapped most. OCT. 18,. 1913. THE GOLDEN CHAIN. BY DORA H. STOCKMAN. A pink rose-petal, fragrant, sweet, It lay within his big brown palm— His smallest finger could have crushed The tiny hand, as.soft_as dowri. So weak and helpless, but to beat The air in protest seemed a task; Yet those small baby fingers clutched And held within their mighty grasp The loving heart-strings of a. man. A man whose every living power Would gladly serve and sacrifice— VVork—pray—~—and plan for every hour That this, his child, flesh of 'his flesh, All he had hoped, and longed, might be. Upon life’s ladder, ,step by step, To lift him up, and then to stand With straining nerves and muscles taut To bridge the broken rung, and span The gulf fixed by the hand of Fate That separated from the man He might have been. Hope whispered ”Through this, thy son, thou liv'st again." Thus fatherhood eternally Walks through the childhood fields of Spring, Plucking once more its blossoms, fair, Youth's strivings, and in his battles win; Then when the chain of life, worn thin, Is snapped, and useless turns to clay, A living link, this son, fills in his place That binds him to the Future Day. So on through Time inscrutable By love’s divine instinct command The Golden Chain of life is forged \Vith ifnkdby link, a brown and rose-pink an . a bit of historical, or political news. Go over it sentence by sentence, with your dictionary at hand. Look up every word you are not quite sure of. Keep at it un- til it is clear, and you can sit back and give an intelligent account of it in your own wordS. Beginning with Sunday, make a list of the most interesting things you read or learn through the week, as they come up. and on the following Sunday go over it, describing each one before starting a new list. Talk of things and events, instead of people, whenever possible; don’t drag yourself and your ills into the conversa- tion. Memorize little witty sayings—hu- morous stories—and learn to tell them in as few words as possible. Train yourself to bring them in when they fit, and be- fore you know it you will find yourself able to couverse not only with case, but enjoyment, because you have broadened your outlook until it has become both in- telligent and kind. SMILE PROVOKERS. Miss Smarthave you through algebra? “Yes, but it was in the night and I didn't see much of the place. ever been “\Vhat's the matter with your Wife? She’s all broken up lately.” “She got a terrible jar.” “What has happened?” “Why, she was assisting at a, rummage sale, took off her new hat, and somebody Sold it for thirty—five cents.” At the hay market a couple of farmers stopped to talk crops and horses. “Are you in the market for a good horse?” asked one. “Always ready to dicker," the other answered. "Ever see that little bay mare of mine?” “I think I know the critter." “How’d you like to own her? yours at rock bottom price.” Gathering up his lines preparatory to leaving the spot the other farmer re- plied: “Vs’ell, John, I'd boy her this morning but I hate to bust a. dollar.” She's It was while on maneuvers, and a. sol- dier was being tried for the shooting of a chicken on prohibited ground. \ “Look here, my man,” said the com- manding officer to the farmer who brought the accusatiOn, “are you quite certain this is the man who shot your bird? Will you swear to him?" “No, I won’t do that,” replied the can- ny yokel, “but I will say he's the man I Suspect of doing it.” “That's not enough to convict a man!" retorted the commanding officer. consid- erably nettled. “What’s raised your sus- picions?” “Well, sir," replied the sturdy farmer, as ‘he slowly mopped his forehead with his bandanna, “it was this way. I see 'im on my property with a gun; then I heerd the gun go off; then I see ’im put- ting the chicken into his knapsack: and it didn't seem sense nohow to think the bird committed suicide.” / / T‘HE'MIC'HIG'AN FARM-ER 13—345 7 mil/[Intuit 4 unmanSfi/tu } WIJ “3311"“ h l ' . V \KM‘ ,r' § } mm will!” ' J73 1:);t m A Mi \ .unfl" “mm-“i. mum it" 3 ‘ i i‘ 4.. 1p \mlltmm E 3'“ .i\\ ‘ ., [MM mm mm) \ ii)! 1' Il‘ \ in 9' ‘ J14} M) Hi) : Til/3.2 \ \\ (a \ - /. \ -‘ ‘ ' i ’1 , fl 0 z x ‘3 a 4 1:. —‘ ‘n.‘ *4" 221-. , "‘ «Ave/"'2, 4,34,. // [3-3 _ I ’ IllllllfuCI/M I Wuwflii ’ gs P g' 1:2.) ,5 . . I ”I. . I 44/‘5«1}‘///’/’.Ave 'D /4_._\__ J The Original itchell Engineer / 1' The Little Six $1,895 Again at the head of the Mitchell-Lewis Motor Company—a matchless line for 1914 The Mitchell 1914 Line is being produced by Engineer John W. Bate, the man «who created the Mitchell car, and the famous Mitchell Belay Six. After a year’s rest he re- turns to Racine to place the Mitchell in a .rtronger position than it he: ever occupied. ‘It will back the car with the most liberal Service- The Mitchell-Lewis Motor com- pany, with unlimited capital at m eemmafla’, has surrounded Mr. Bate with the best facili- ties and the finest factory that it is possible to build. Policy for ear owner; that the business mind can conceive. This Means for the Mitchell Car for 1914 A Quality—Efficiency—Long Life Eighty years of faithful service to the American public is the Company’s Guarantee Generator. passengers. It is a splendid family car for little money. It is equipped $1 595 Left Hand Drive. _ Electric Lights.. precisely the same as the two sixes and sells for - - — - , Center Control- ‘ Speedometer. Tungsten .Steel Valves. The Mitchell Little Six is Equipment of All Mitchell Models Electric SelfiStarter and Mohair Top and Cover. Rain Vision, Ventilating Quick Action Wind- shield. Extra Removable Rim. Double Extra Tire Carrier. Bair Bow Holders. License Plate Bracket. Electric Horn All included in list price. Prices F. O. B. Racine IIIIII'IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII inch wheel-base, five passenger capacity. the most logical value on the market. It is a six-cylinder car of aristocratic design. The Mitchell Big Six is very much the same design as the Little Six. It has sixty horse-power, 144 inch wheel-base and seats seven passengers. It has big tires and the same splendid finish throughout as the Little Six, $2,350 likewise the same fine equipment. Price, — — The Mitchell Four has 120 inch wheel-base, forty horse-power and seats five No matter which one of the Mitchell cars you select, you will make an investment. You have Bate’: word for it. You have our word for it. behind it is ten times better than a guarantee. like us and like the agent you deal with. year and you will love The Car You Ought to Have at the Price You Ought to Pay And the service that lies We are going to make you like the car, In all respects this is to be a Mitchell Electric Exploring Lamp. .~ so“? {- ‘o ‘ ‘3" s‘ \\ on: ‘ ‘ ‘0’ Nickel Trimmings, Complete Set of Tools. . _ Demountable Rims. Pump Jack. Jiffy Quick-Action Side. . . . ~ , s \ ‘ . ‘ ,. \ \ a ‘ . 18’ U. 0‘ k. \Ra m. i. 80 Years of Faithful Service to the American Public It has a long, low, rakish Streamline body, is luxuriously upholstered, is equipped with $1 895 electric self-starter and generator, electric lights and all modern conveniences and sells for the reasonable price of - - - ’ It has fifty horse power, 132 Features of 1914 Mitchell T-Head Fully Enclosed. Long Stroke Motor. Rayfield Carburetor Gravity Gasoline Feed. Roomy Streamline Body. Timken Wheel Bearings. Full Floating Rear Axle. Big 'I‘ires. Luxurious Upholstering. Curtains. Prices F. O. 3. Racine 346—14 LARGESWKERS HEA TINGEE‘Z Coozmvc ,flPPLIANcs's IN THE I'VOIQD c ‘o/a’ by First- c/ass Dealer: Every where THE/MICHIGANSTOVE COMPANY DETROIT -——— CHICAGO WWII at new FALL CATALOG now being mailedr free. It is an excellent Guide Book of New York and Paris wearing apparel for women, children and men. See Catalog for Parcel Post, Freight and Express Free Delivery terms throughout the U.S. Just write us: "Please send Free Catalog No.32." NEW YORK $25 to $75 Easily Saved On the Kalamazoo Furnace Blue-Print Get our direct faclory [Jr-[rm Heating Plans and the Kalamazoo Offer FREE before you close a deal for any kind of a heating plant. Nobody can give better quality or service —nobody can save you as much in price. Cash or Credit —30-Day Free Trial 360-Day Approval Test and $100,000 Guarantee Anybodvcan install the Kalamazoo Furnace. _. ~ Our experts will guide you. Just send rough sketches of your floor plans and we will mail you Blue - Print Plans ,‘ free—designed specially ‘v for your home. -' Don’t miss the Kalamazoo offer by any means. Write today for Catalog No. 909- Kalamazoo Stove Co. Alana/acturers Kalamazoo, Michigan We make I full line ofStores, Rnnzcn, Gas Stoves end Furmees. We have 8 oetnloga. Ask {or the one you went. *ifii ‘A KGleGZQQ 822 M Direct to You" i3!“ Gives 500 candle power. Casts no shadow. Costs 2 cents per week. Makes and burns its own gas. Over 200 styles. Every lamp warranted. No dirt. No odor. No grease. Agents wanted. Write for catalog, now. THE BEST lIGHT CO. 280 E. 5th St., Canton, 0. Quilt Pattern”- Every quilter should have our book of 450 designs. containing the pet- tiest, queerest, scarcest. most. gro- tesque patterns.froin old log cabin to stars and puzzle designs; also crazy stitches and Cat. All postpsid, for six 2 ct. stamps (or silver dimelzii for 25c. LADIES' ART 00., Block 87. St. Louis. Mo. When writing to advertisers please mention The Michigan Farmer. “new rr ‘ L» r' -‘. ‘ 1 mnqnmmmwvnus nai-uiuM-‘vmwnuuhr Home“ 4..“ . 'THE MICHIGAN FARMER At Home, A Willie]; anbchr Needs ant) Elsewhere % When Seeking is Not Finding. APPINESS. The thing we all H want, yet never get so long as we run after it. It is the one thing in life which comes to us when we deliberately turn our backs upon it and go after its twin, duty. I know two women who fittingly illus- trate the peculiar way happiness has of conferring her company upon us humans. One woman is determined to be happy, no matter 'what the cost. and spends her every waking moment in following the paths she imagines lead to the abode of earthly bliss. According to popular, but fallacious notions, she has everything to make her happy. To begin with, she has health, or did have until she tracked happiness so relentlessly her nerves gave out. She has money to gratify every whim. Servants do‘ the work of the house and wait upon the children. She has carriages and autos to whiSk her where she will. Her name appears on boards of charity and as director of sun- dry prominent clubi“. She is dined and wined by thcse supposed to be the great ones of the, town. Books, music, then- ters, paintings have become so common as to cease to even interest. Yet she is not happy. Never was there a more discontented woman. Each morning finds her signing for something new. She scans books and magazines and papers in Search of new ideas, but seldom does she find one that interests her for a day. Her home, beautifully furnished as it is, bores her so She. hurries out in the morning as soon as she can dress, and returns usu- ally only in time to dress for dinner at night. Her children annoy her so greatly that she never can endure more than five minutes at a time of their company. She is restless, dissatisfied, always seeking something new, yet never finding the thing that will gifl her peace. Excite- ment. and yet more excitement, is her Shibboleth, and friends and relutivcs are laying bets on how long it will be before she burns up of nervous frenzy. She is seeking happiness with all her might, but so far has found nothing but disor- dered nerves and an irritable temper. Just back of her lives a little woman who hasn't time to think of whether she is happy or not. She has a snug little home which she must keep clean; two children who must be washed and fed and started to school at eight o‘clock each morn; a husband with tubercular tendencies who must be fed just the right sort of food, and prevailed upon to rest just the requisite number of hours if he is to avoid a breakdown. Then there is a garden to tend, and such a garden, chickens to feed and the usual grind of housework, washing, ironing, sewing, mending, baking, mopping, canning. pick- ing, lnrd rendering and all the other small tasks which women know without telling over. Not much there to make for happiness, one says. Yet that woman is the happi— cSt creature you would wish to know. l—lcr happiness comes from forgetting her- self and doing for others. Sweeping and (lusting are not tasks to this woman, they are pleasures, because a clean house is essential if her fumily are to have the beSt in life. and the best for them is all she asks. And that garden, really to hear her talk of it you would think she discovered the art and science of raising vegetables. The department of agriculture has sup- plied her with bulletins on raising every- thing that will grow in thisclimate, and she has studied them with a purpose. She can tell you just what soil is neces- sary for the best growth of each plant. how near together they can be safely planted, what enemies in the bug family to watch for and how to circumvent them should they appear. She brags about the weight of her tomatoes and the length of the cucumbers with as much anima- tion as a fisherman shows when he tells you about the one that got'away. Her chickens, too, are just as thoroughly Studied and they are quite the most re- markable fowls in captivity, if you can believe their proud owner. Each egg is inspected as proudly as her neighbor would inspect a new diamond, and with ten times the pleasure. Gardening and chicken misng are as absorbing to this little woman as card clubs and charity 3 balls are to the other, and a thousand times as soul-satisfying. And she is happy because she has chosen service for others instead of self— seeking. It is many, many yea'rs since it was said, “He that seeketh his life shall lose it.” But it still holds true. He that seeketh Self shall be deprived of peace, but happiness is awaiting the one who goes seeking the good of others. DEBORAH. lll||Illlllll||ill|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllll[llIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllillllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllililllllllll Beauty Hints That Are Better Left Alone By HILDA RICHMOND. OST of the daily newspapers, as M-well as the magazines exclus- ively for women, now run col- umns of advice to anxious inquirers as to improving health, complexion and ap- pearance, but there is a vast difference as to the advice given. It is always in— teresting to read the beauty talks, but more interesting than the general direc- tions for making the face or form more attractive are the letters from subscrib- ers and their answers. It is always safe to disregard the advice of any but com- petent experts, and if the advice bears certain remarks even the most unlearned may know that it is safe to let it alone. Conscientious doctors and others who know what real beauty means are not breaking into print to bring trouble and distress to their fellow mortals. SOme years ago Women were advised by quacks to pinch the skin of the face to make it firm and unwrinkled, and many of them rushed wildly into this businer without knowing the results. It is fztiily easy to find those women nowa- days looking like old babies with their heavy, hanging flesh and poor complex— ions. Especially did the eyes suffer, and many a victim of this advice now has bulging ”bagS” under her eyes that never would have been there had she not pinch- ed and pummeled the delicate flesh that nature was taking revenge. If there is anything a woman should not do it is to tamper with the muscles about her eye. About the same period women were ad- vised to bite their lips to make them rosy, and the lip biters are also carrying in their faces the marks of their folly. Lips chewed by the teeth become thick and purple and ugly. but occasionally one sees the old recipe making the rounds to dclude women. A few years later came the fad of put- ting snme sort of drug in the eyes to brighten them, and as it result many good eyes were permanently ruined. Along with the bright eyes, made bright with drugs, came the hair bleaching and the putting on of various compounds to make it grow. This was followed by ex- cessivc huir washing so that it was no uncommon thing for women to bathe their locks twice a week. Some of the. “thin” hair of the present is the direct reSult of too much washing years ago. But the present fads are. just as in- jurious as any we have outlived, and it doesn’t take an expert to pick them out. If any woman is doubtful as to the result of the experiment let her consult her family doctor, and he will very soon be able to tell her the truth. The innocent and harmless remedies usually have their roots in directions for bathing, diet, cx- ercise and healthful sleep and living, while the harmful ones resort to drugs and dopes for beauty. \Vhen a recipe for a face wash calls for cucumber jolly made at home, buttermilk washes, good fruits applied internally and externally even an amateur knows they are harm- less. But when prescriptions for unknown drugs are given freely without any per- sonul knowledge of the case except what comes through a brief letter, then it is best to pass by on the other side. One of the most harmful fads of the present is the reduction of flesh as advo- cated by people who should know better. No woman should ever try to reduce her flesh except by work, Without first con- sulting a competent physician. The con- dition of her heart or some other organ of the body may make it positively dan- gerous to get rid of the flesh, and es- pecially to get rid of it in the manner prescribed by a reckless adviser in a pa- per. One woman who tried a recipe for getting rid of “a pound a day” almost “got rid" of herself and became so home— ly and so irritable and so starved that she was in a dangerous condition. This particular treatment consisted of taking nothing but lemon juice for a. certain period, and when she was forced to aban— don the experiment Fhe was a fright. Now lemon juice sounds harmless enough, but a steady diet of it for sev- eral weeks will almost ruin the stomach, and will bring on worSe evils in many in- stances than an excess of flesh. And when the treatment for reduction of flesh is finished, so to speak, the vic- tim will put on fieSh all the more rap- idly and will find that nature takes re— venge in a. permanent way. One woman who perspircd through a blistering sum- mer in a sort of union suit made of table oileloth, who sat till she was weak and txembling in hot baths and who starved herself down to the desired 140 pounds, found in just a few weeks that the oil- cloth and the faSting and the baths were all for naught unless she kept them up, for she was rapidly putting on flesh even with a diet that did not satisfy her crav- ing for food. Circumstances forced her to give up the treatment for lack of time, and now She vainly wishes she had ”let Well enough alone" for she is much heavier than ever before and is still put- ting on ficsh. It is dangerous business to induce prespiration until it causes weak— ness, though free prespiration is one of the healthiest things in the world. Diz- ziness, nausea, trembling and faintness ought to warn any woman that she is doing the wrong thing, no matter how much she may want to become thin. So every “beauty talk” should be care- fully scrutinized before its doctrines are accepted as genuine. Harmful drugs, violent massage. starvation and other evils should never be tried, for they will surely work qut the opposite. There are hundreds of women over the land who could, if they would, give their experi— ences with beauty advice, and who now c1rt‘y in their fates and forms the marks of hurtful directions. If hard work, sen- sible exercise, good food. plenty of sleep and personal cleanliness can not make the anxious beauty seeker lovely, then be sure she can not rub the beauty on or rub the ugliness off. If in doubt about a course of treatment consult the doc- for. It may be a little humiliating to Confess thut one wants to be better look- ing, but not half so distresSing as to go through the rest of one’s natural life with baggy. ugly skin, ruined eyes, irri— table temper, caused by indigestion or too much fat brought on by trying to get rid of it. If anyone doubts this let her look at the unhappy victims in every public place and then form her conclu- sions. The homeliest women in the world are not those to whom nature was unkind, but those who have tried to im- prove upon the good old dame’s work and have used the wrong methods. Not only is this the opinion of physicians and common everyday folks, but of the real beauty dectors—the honest ones—them- Selves, so it must be true. Heusehold Editorz—I saw where one 01’- the readers of the Michigan Farmer re— quested recipes for pieplant. It is too late for this year, but I will send her one she can use for next year. .. .q- ~——. OCT. .18, 1913. WINTER PRESERVATION OF SUM- MER BULBS. BY CHARLOTTE BIRD. Dahllas. At the north, as soon as the frost comes, dahlias should be taken out of the ground, the tops cutoff and the soil and roots thoroughly dried. Then they should be placed on a swing shelf or somewhere else above the damp floor of a frost-proof cellar. It is well to allow considerable soil to adhere to the roots so that the tubers may not suffer from dryness. But if the tubers are bare, it is well from time to time to examine them and, if they show signs of wilting, to sprinkle them with a little water. . Early in the spring the tubers should be placed in boxes in the house and started. When the ground is warm enough, the clumps may be divided and planted outside. But in separating them one must be careful not to break off the sprouts because a tuber without asprout will not grow. Amaryllis. In the matter of bIOOming the amaryl- lis seems to have a will of its own. A bulb will not bloom in any case till it is three years old and then not till it is good and ready, perhaps not till it is seven or eight years old. Then some spring it will take the notion and bloom with a blillizint profusion which will atone for all its delinquency. And when it does bloom, it is likely from year to year to keep it up. And there is nothing more satisfactory. So, if any of you have an amaryllis which dOes not bloom, do not throw it away, but cultivate the sweet virtue of patience and you will lmvelyour reward. The culture of the amaryllis is of the easiest, though in the fall and winter it requires some Special management. In the summer it should be planted in the garden where the sun may shine on it freely. But, if it is to bloom the follow- ing spring, it must be dried off in the fall or late summer and taken out of the ground. The drying down of its top leaves is necessary for it to bloom the following season but they will not always dry down. After the bulb is well dried, it may be put between layers of cotton and placed Where it will not chill. Summer bulbs should not be exposed to a temperature lower than 50 degrees. ()r the bulb may be placed in very dry earth of the proper consistency in the pot where it is to grow and set in the cellar. This is really the more convenient way, because in winter it is not always easy to get just the right kind of earth. Late in the winter or early in the spring the bulb will start to grow, usu- ally, almost the first thing throwing up its flower bulb. It should then be brought to the light and watered. From now on its growth will be most rapid and in two or three Weeks it will be crowned with a glory of blossoms. Later in the season, if the bulb is very fertile, it may bloom a second time. Tuberose. The tuberoSe may be treated similarly to the amaryllis. Only, its blooming sea— son is in the fall or late summer and it might be set away in its crock till its bulb ripens. In the spring it should be brought out to the light. But it muSt not be planted in the garden till the earth is warm and all danger of frost past, other- wise the tlower—germ will be chilled to death. Tuberous Rooted Begonia. The tuberous rooted begoniaralso should be allowed to dry off in the fall. It should be kept between layers of cotton or somewhere else which will insure an oven temperature not lower than 50 de- greeS. Early in the spring it should be started in pots in the house and should not be planted outside till the earth is warm and all danger of frost gone. It likes a shady, moderately damp, not moist, situation; if kept moist, it will rot off. This plant is not as well known as it deserves to be. Its cultivation is easy and it is one of the loveliest of flowers. . Gladiolus. Like other tender bulbs gladioli should be taken up in the fall and stored in a dry, warm place for the use of another season. One must not wait till the bulbs have become chilled with frost. Caladium. The caladium should be treated simi- larly to gladiolus. All this may seem like taking consider- able trOuble. But we can have no pleas- ure withont paying for it in some form. And there are no lovelier flowers than those which grow from bulbs. THE MICHIGAN "FARMER , 15—347 POPCORN EDGING. BY MAE Y. MAHAFFY. Household Editorz—Will you kindly ask May Y. Mahaffy to give full directions for making edging to match band called “Pop Corn Stitch,” illustrated in your columns several weeks ago? Directions for making bank were given, but not for edging.—~lteader. To make the popcorn edging illustrated in The Farmer of August 23, chain as long a strip as is necessary to edge the article at hand. Or, if preferred, single biitches may be taken right into the edge of material. Second Rona—Chain 5 with which to turn, and double crochet into 3rd stitch of first row. Chain 2, and double crochet into 3rd stitch in advance, and so on across the length, making a series of open blocks, the usual fillet background. These are the only rows that run all the length of the work, each scallop being then com- pleted by itself. Third ROW of First Scallop—Chain 2, and double crochet six times into the open block last made; turn the work in the hands and slip stitch into the first of theSe double crochet stitches. turn work again, chain 1, and double crochet into double crochet of previous row, thus com- pleting the puff or popcorn stitch and the square at the same time. Now make three open blocks in those of previous row and in like manner. Then make an— other puff in the next open block, but in- stead of turning the work after slip stitching chain 2 and proceed with the fourth row of the scallop, making a puff in the open square, then one open square, and another puff. Turn again after mak- ing the slip stitch in puff and finish the scallop by making a puff in the remain- int,r open square, completing the square as in those of the second row, and Se- curely fastening the thread underneath. S ‘cessivc Scallops are made in like fasl‘i‘igxr the thread being knotted securely each '1110 in beginning and ending. Some workers prefer to chain or single stitch back on the wrong side of the work to the starting point for a new scallop, rath- cr than break the thread each time. This is entirely a matter for individual de- cision. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE TO IMPROVE ITS SERVICE FOR WOMEN, David F. Houston,’ Secretary of Agri- culture, has already planned to ad- dress a letter to the women members of 50,000 farm households throughout the United States, requesting‘them to give him information as to how the Depart- ment of Agriculture can best serve the needs of the farm women. This inquiry results from the receipt of of a letter addressed to the Secretary in which the writer said: “The farm woman has been the most neglected factor in the rural problem and she has been especially neglected by the national Department of Agriculture." This letter was written by a broad- minded man so thoroughly in touch with the agricultural and domei=tic needs of the country that his opinions have great weight. In the letter referred to women are invited to give individual answers to the letter or to discuss the matter in their church societies or women’s organizations and submit answers representing the com- bined opinions of the women of their en- tire communities. The answers are re- quested not later than November 15, and this date is set because it will give the women time after harvest to consider the matter and discuSs it with their women neighbors. The letter will go to about 20 leading farms in each of the 2,800 counties of the l'nitcd States. Their answers, it is ex- Iwcted, will represent the views and opin- ions of upwards of 500,000 farm women, and the answers will be carefully consid- ered by the specialists of the department having to do with that branch of agricul- tural activity. SHORT CUTS T0 HOUSEKEEPING. Did you know an old wooden churn dasher makes a convenient pounder on wash day?—N. M. K. l‘ieplant Relish.-—Six bowls of pieplant, four bowls of sugar, one pound of English currents, two oranges. Cook half an hour, turn into jelly cups, cover with paraffin when cold. Another way we like it is: One egg, half cup of sugar, one cup of pieplant out fine, one and one-half tea- spOOns soda, one cup sour milk. Stir real stiff, put in pudding dish and steam one ‘hour. To be eaten with sugar and milk. -—Mrs. F. H. C. ”[IYou “‘1'!” ‘1‘ ‘ 1121" I 1"."1h'111111111‘111 111111:i 111‘” ”1111111111111“ 11:- 1'11“ 11 ll" ‘1 1111‘ ll 1111.. “We Have Pleased One Million Women —We Can Please You Too The new enlarged Philipsborn catalog will save money for you,as asit has for more than one million other women. Our New Style Book Free To Every Reader! One copy is reserved for you-all you have to do 13 to send a postal for it. Won’ t you do yourself the favor and write for it today-Now? The New Philipsbom Building L353] is built on the solid foundation of satis- fying the American woman—serving her faithfully, year in and year out—not; spontaneously with ‘ catch’ bargains—but con- sistently and continu- ously—~with {calval- 35:13:33?“ ant FOO“ «we; F0 0 en 00 isfactory serv- {grad BARGAINS Taken At Random ‘2. From Our Thousand Different Styles A beautiful French sCamry set lined with Skinner" s satin ....... $3. 90 aAn all- lined Ladies’ Persian Bocgcslg ...................................... A harlodsome Corduroy skirt for ............ 1.98 A lnew Full model Flannel waist ............... "67 A new stylish. long coat Sultfor ................... 8. 98 etc" etc., e.tc AS4330 Extremely fashionable Imitation pony skin doth. coat. Deep cut/’19 and cut away f.ront Very rich ornament trimming foashzonuble silk braid with numerous Pendants large silk braid buttons. Colors- Black only with black sateen linings to match. Sizes, Bust 82- 4/5 in. $598 Length 5:5 in. Price Prepaid E ach and every garment is sent you. ALL CIIARGES PRFI’AII) BY US and backed by the I’hllipsborn Guarantee, which means money back immediately—same day the goods are received. Now With all These Aduntage:,Yours for One Penny. Won’t You Pleue Write for This Catalog ‘Today? PHILIPSBORN The Outer Garment House Dept. 72N Corner Van Buren & Peoria Ste. co H When stubborn burnton crusts and grease are hard to remove try Old Dutch Cleanser. It quickly and easily LOOSENS AND REMOVES THE HARDEST DEPOSITS Everything that ordinari- ly requires hard rubbing, quickly gives way to its extra cleaning powers. Many other use: and Directions on Large Sifter Can—10c DON’T BE WITHOUT It When Writing to advertisers you saw their ad. in The lease state that ichigan Farmer. WWW‘1-usmsv« 1~*M.m‘, 4., . .1. a. .. THE MICHIGAN FARMER OCT, 18, 1913. ififififll. llIIIIII Lightning Never Damaged a Building Roofed with Kanneberg Steel Shingles "We Pay the Freight" Many buildings are burned by lightning. but never one protected by Kannebcrg Steel Shingles. They are weather-proof. heat and cold-proof. perfectly embossed and make a handsome as well as the most economical roof you can buy. You can lay them quicker than wood shingles and they last longer. look better all the time. and cost nothing for repairs. They do not rot. curl. crack nor fall off like wood or slate. Many Kanneberg roofs are still in service after l5 or 20 years. Our patent lock joint is absolutely water-tight and allows for expansion; nail heads are protected from the weather. We supply special nails, free. Kannebcrg Shingles are full 28 gauge steel. galvanized or painted. and come singly. eight to a sheet. or in clusters on one sheets ft.x2ft. Every shingle is backed by a money-back guaranty to measure up to sample. ~ showing designs. send for catalog sizes and styles of shingles and corrugated roofing and siding. Get samples of our shingles and our low prices before you buy any roofing. Give size of roof; this may lower cost. We pay the freight and sell direct to you. saving you middleman‘s profit. Kanneberg Roofing & Ceiling Co. E .rtabh'shtd 1886 - ‘ 129 Douglas Street Canton. Ohio Easy To Put On , i l Every mouthful of unground ‘ feed your stock eats means a waste of 25 to 30%. Would you let that amount rot in the field unharvested? No! $294": Then GRIND IT on a J: inlllfl 2., WF/ V. V ’ 0R IDE - i ' u s'sND I-‘on CATALOG ’ We also build Samson Wind Mills, Pump Jacks. thud Grind- ing Mills for Poultry Raisers. Gasoline Engines. Ensilage Cut- ters and Brass Candlesticks. STOVER MANUFACTURING CO. 311 Ida-Invenue, FREEPORT. ILLINOIS Sand for Free Book on Cleaning and _ Grading Grain. Then ask for the size 7‘ machine you want. send 81.00 and I'll ship 1914 Model Chnthum. freight pre- paid. with special screens and riddles for all Grains, Grasses and Weed Seed where you live. Give it a month's hard test. It not satisfied, send it back and get your 81. If satisfied. pay me any time before 1914. CHATHAM Grain ,5 Grader and MANSON ‘Hnndlesallgrains and I an CAMPBELL grass seeds; takes out. c e er weed seed ; separates mixed grains; leaves big, pure seed. Over 300,- 000 Chstlmms in use, and every owner satisfied! Write a postal now for my FREE copyrighted book, "The Chnthnm System of Breeding Big Crops;" descrip- tion, price. terms. etc. Address nearest office. Dept. MANSON CAMPBELL 00. Detroit, Kansas City. Minneapolis ‘ . Made for PUMP GRlNl) SA nardllse. Wood Mills are Beat. Engines are Simpel Feed Grinders. Saw , Frames, Steel Tanks .. __ _- .. CATALOGUls "Kl ' AGENTS WANTED Perkins Wind Mill & Enxlne Co. Eet.1850 lab sum 51-. Mielnwnln, Ind. . r Will: a OLDlli 8A IIINB. 9 C0398 qONI min ia'fit’g'l‘llll’ROVKll ENTS. First order secures sgepcy. Folding Sawing Mach. Co.. 161 VI. Harmon St“ Chicago. Ill. Farm Commerce. EllllllllllllllllIllIII|llIIIIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllll|lIIllllllllilIIIl[IIIlllflllllIlllllllllllIlllllllllllllilllllllllillIIIllllllllIll|llllIll!IIIllIlllllllllllllllllllillllllIlllll|lIllllllIllllllllIllIlilIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilfl Ell“|[ll||IllIlllllilllllllllllllll|IIllllllllll[HII|lllllllll|IllllllllllIllllllllllll||lllllllllll||Illl|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|HI||Illlll“I|lllllllllll|llll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllIIIlIIIIIIHIIIII[Illlllllllllllllllllllllllllfi Observations on MERICAN methods of shipping sev- A eral important staple foods by freight are decidedly wasteful and this waste in money adds materially to the cost of food. Several specialists of the Department of Agriculture have been conducting investigations into shipping conditions in the United States and as a result they are convinced that in sev- eral particulars the systems used by Uni- ted States shippers are far less ec0nom- ical than those employed by foreign ship- pers, notably in Germany. The specialists find, in several in- stances, that food is started on long freight journeys in such condition that heavy freight charges must be paid on elements which have to be taken out of the food at the. end of the trip before it can be used as food. One of the heaviest wasted freight items is the, freight paid for the transportation of excessive mois- ture in corn. and in potatoes to be used for stock food or in the manufacture of starch. In Germany the culls and faulty potatoes, which in this country are thrown away, are dried so as to remove all excess water and then shipped to var- ious points for stock feed purposes. This practice of drying potatoes for stock feed and uses in the arts has not gained great headway in this country. As a result the culls commonly are thrown away and Starch is made from potatoes only when there are excess crops which make them available at a cheap price which permits of shipment to the factories. Potatoes in their natural state contain upward of 70 per cent of water which has no special nutritive value. Long shipments of po- tatoes, therefore, in their natural state are not practicable, whereas the Ger— ‘mans who have dried out the excessive water find it practicable to ship the dried product. The waste water now being shipped in corn in the l'nited States, according to the estimates of the specialists, has a serious bearing on the actual cost of corn, and also is one explanation for the great shortage of cars at the corn ship- ping seasons. The specialists find, for example, that the American people are ‘paying freight on 436,683 tons of water in Shipping their corn from the producing sections to the market. This means that at a time when there is a great shortage of cars, there is the equivalent of over 14,556 freight cars of 60,000 pounds ca_- pacity loaded with water which is re— sponsible for the enormous losses result- ing from the deterioration of shelled corn before it is finally consumed. Figuring a car length at 40 feet, this means that each year a. train 582,240 feet long, or over 110 miles, not counting the loco- motives, is engaged in nothing more prof- itable than hauling water from a few miles up to a thousand miles in the- case of corn shipped to the seaboard points from the central corn producing area. Exactly how much excess freight this represents cannot be accurately deter- mined, but as the freight rate on corn is about one per cent per ton mile. it can be seen that this hauling of useless water in corn adds materially to the cost of the product before it reaches the- consumer. A study of the average moisture con- tent from the receipts of corn for Bulfi- more, Chicngo, St. Louis and New 01‘- leans shows that from June to October the average moisture content of corn re— ceived ranges from 12.9 to 14.1 per cent. This corn, which has been stored in cribs and allowed to dry out. is, therefore, be— low the moisture content of 15.5 per cent which is the maximum moisture permitted by the new proposed corn grades for No. 2 corn. During the months from Novem- ber to April, however, the moisture con~ tent ranges from 18.5 to 20.2 per cent on an average for corn, so that all corn re— ceived at these great corn markets dur- ing these six months contains an average of from three to 4.5 per cent more water than is permitted for No. 2 grade com. This means that in every bushel of corn from one and two-thirds pounds to two and one-half pounds of useless water is shipped on the railroads. Using the ac- tual averages of excessive moisture, and -- no I - SendforFreoc-me-EMSI‘WWE“"9“me disregarding the special shipments where the moisture content may run as high as Shipping Corn. .. 27 per cent, the specialists find that the excess water shipped amounts to the equivalent in weight for 15,595,800 bushels of corn. The presence of this excessive moisture in corn not only adds to the net cost of the corn after it is delivered but pre- vents the producer who ships corn over the moisture limit from having his corn graded as grade two, and consequently compels him to accept a grade three or lower, with a. correSponding reduction in price for his produce. Moreovor corn with an excessive moisture content is liable to deteriorate in storage. Many corn dealers, therefore, on receipt of the corn have to dry out the excessive water. although others store the moist corn and do not dry it out until it shows danger of deterioration. They hope to get rid of it in its original conditiOn without the necessity for drying it. Many of the big elevators in the central markets now have machinery for drying out excessive moisture. Com- paratively few of the smaller collecting elevators have these drying machines, and the only method of drying corn DOS- sessed by most producers is storing it properly in cribs. Corn shipped during the summer months. therefore, has hada chance to dry out in the crib, but in the cold and wet months crib drying is not very effective and corn shipped during these months generally has ,1 moisture content about NO. 2 grade. Because of the moisture in such corn, few country buyers will buy corn from farmers ex- cept as No, 3 or No. 4 grade. If it grades better, the buyer, and not the producer, gets the benefit of the better rating. Un- der the present system the farmer has no way of determining the actual grade of his corn in his crib, and having brought it to a shipping poini could not afford to return it to his bins. There is, however, a movement in communities where co-operativc production is being established to inaugurate a system where- by farmcrs can have their corn graded at the. c.ih and thus determine Whether or not they will sell it. before they have hauled it to a shipping point. The ques- tion of moisture content and the tre- mendous waste in freight paid on water that is later dried out of the corn has not heretofore. according to the special- ists, received the attention it deserves. The question is particularly important because of the annual Shortage of cars at the big corn moving seasons. TheSe specialists point out that if more atten- tion was paid to the growing of early maturing varieties. or if all corn were dried down to No. 2 grade, it would bulk less and weigh more per volume, so that more actual corn cOuld be packed in each freight car of any given capacity. This, they figure, would make available. throughout the period when excess mois- ture is shipped, nearly 15,000 additional freight cars for moving corn or other freight. Besides the extra freight on the water, the presence of excessive mois- ture in corn under certain conditions causes the corn to spoil and frequently leads to claims and expensive lawsuits between shippers and the railroads aris- ing from such losses. OTTAWA COUNTY CELERY MEN UNITE. The celery farmers living near Hud- sonville have organized, with the follow- ing officers: President, N. De “'ecrd; secretary, Henry Geerits; treasurer, Otto Dykema. The membership includes 150 farmers, or practically every celery grow- er of that section, and they are building a. warehouse 36x80 feet at Hudsonvilie, at a‘cost of $3,500. It is a frame building with cement basement and sheet steel roof and has railroad siding for ship- ments. Onions and potatoes may also be stored in the basement. The members will bring their celery to the warehouse for sorting and boxing in a uniform man- ner. with experts to grade and label the product and the association mark will be a guarantee of quality. The warehouse facilities will also permit of storing the crop until the market is ready for it. The association has just decided on a uniform package for use this year, and it will be! what is known as the “Muskegon Box." Recent rains have greatly helped this season's crop, so that it will almost reach an average yield of 300,000 to 400,000 crates for this district, averaging about 85 cents a. crate profit to the grower. Heretofore each farmer has been doing his own marketing and results were us- . ually unSatisfactory due to lack,of grad- ing, packing and marketing methods. Un- der the new plan it is intended to give Hudsonville celery an enviable name and the best possible show in outside mar- kets. Celery farmers around Zeeland and in other sections are already talking of forming similar co—operative associations. Kent Co. A. GRIFFEN. ESTABLISHING A CREAMERY. Mr. Magnusson, of Delta, county writes asking for suggestions on establishing a. creximery, stating that the farmers of his vicinity are interested in such an insti- tution. Just as soon as the dairy interests of the community will warrant itIthink the proper thing to do is to establish a cream— ery. That is the only proper way to make butter, in a co-operative way. In this way you can produce the butter in com- mercial quantities which will warrant you in shipping it to the best dairy mar- ket. Not only that but you will make butter of uniform quality, which en— hances its value very much. \Vhere but- ter is made by a thousand different peo- ple it lacks uniformity, and will not sell for as high a price as if all this butter was made at one creamery by an expert and has the same quality and uniformity. My opinion is that it is always better to establish a purely co-operative ere-am- ery. Don’t have a. co-Operative stock cumpany. Many of the co-opcrotive stock companies have gone on the rocks finan- (-inlly, simply because the Stockholders could not agree or because the people lacked confidence in the stockholders. The way to do is to get everybody who owns cows interested in the creamery and this can be done only with a purely co-opera- live plant. (‘Iinvan the country. Get the number of cows that each man will fur— nish. Get him to Sign a contract that he will furnish the milk from a certain num- ber of cows for a certuin period of time. three or four years at least. Then hor- row the money and build the plant if you get a sufficient number of cows guaran- teed. to warrant it. Then have it under- stood that one—fourth or one-half a cent a pound from every pound of butter-fat that is delivered :it the creamcry is laid aside to pay the indebtedness, or to pay for the plant, Then the expenses of man- ufncturing are deducted and the balance is to be divided among the patrons. In this way the farmers get every cent that belongs to them. COLON C. LILLIE. MILK AND CREAM TESTED FREE. Our subscribers are finding the free milk and cream testing service 0f real value, and they are SO pleased that let- ters of commendation are coming to our desks. The fact that Dr. Floyd W. Robison is supervising this work, puts it: on an ab- solutely reliable basis. Remember, the testing is done free for any subscriber to the Michigan Farmer. The directions are very simple: Put sample of milk or cream that is satisfac- tory to you and the buyer, in wide- mouthed bottle, enclose bottle in mailing case and send by parcel post to Michigan Farmer Laboratories, 674 VVo’odward ave- nue, Detroit, Mich. If you cannot provide bottle and mail- ing case, we have arranged with a. large concern to provide a mailing case for six cents and a case and bottle- for ten cents in stumps. \thn asking for mailing case and bottle address Michigan Farm- cr, Detroit, but in sending the sample of milk address it to Michigan Farmer Lab- oratories, 674 “’oodward avenue, Detroit. That the shortage in beef may be partly overcome by the use of national forests for grazing purposes is pointed out by a bulletin just sent out by the forestry department service in VVaShing- ton. During the past summer 9.500.000 domestic animals were grazed in the na- tional forests without injury to forest or watershed protection. Many more an'-— mals can be accommodated, says the bul- letin. The prevalence of hog cholera in Iowa and other middle western states has re- sulted in forcing enormous numbers of pigs on the Chicago market, many of them being healthy, but with many cf.ses of sickness in their neighborhood, owners lost no time in getting rid of them, fear- ing that the plague might affect them at any moment. On a. recent Monday about 10.000 mere pigs reached the Chicago stock yards, and by far the greater part showed no indications of sickness. an... .- 31} a?“ a... r. . “Ax/-4...” ..W'4fl a view -5 .1 -‘r. «urn- ' I‘u'. «- .. '> a... . 13:0“. 1.. 1... g! l (l ,i .7. > -«;...,i-..vu.w»-«—-'- “We. a w aw ._ a can“ . ‘1’. na- v. . flourlng mills v OCT. 18, 1913. MICHIGAN *CROP REPORT. . ..-——The estimated yield of wheat iiiwttliiatstate is 16.15, in the southern, central and northern counties 16 and in the upper peninsula 22‘ bushels per acre. The estimated total yield for the state, sections and counties Will be g1ven 1n the November Crop Report. The total number of bushels of wheat marketed by farmers in September at 84 is 143,504 and at 86 ele- vators and to grain dealers 121,416 or a total of 264.920 bushels. Of this amOunt, 192.461 bushels were marketed in the southern four tiers of counties, 52,431 in the central counties and 20,028 in the northern counties and upper peninsula. The estimated total number of bushels of wheat marketed in‘the two months, August-September. is 150,000. Forty- eight mills, elevators and grain dealers report no wheat marketed in September. The per cent of acreage sown this fall as cOmpared with last year is 93 in the state, 89 in the southern counties, 98 in the central counties, 96 in the northern counties and 102 in the upper peninsula. The average date of sowing wheat in the state is September 19, in the southern counties the 22nd. in the central counties the 17th and in the northern counties and upper peninsula the 16th. Rye—The per cent of acreage sown this fall as compared with last year is 93 in the state, 89 in the southern counties, 92 in the central counties and 99 in the northern c0unties and upper peninsula. Barley—The estimated average yield per acre in the state is 25, in the south- ern counties 22, in the central counties 26, in the northern counties 27 and in the upper peninsula 32 bushels. Oats.—-The estimated average yield per acre in the state is 30, in the SOuthern counties 25’, in the central and northern counties 27 and in the upper peninsula 47 bushels. Corn.—The estimated average yield in the state is 32, in the southern counties 30, in the central counties 35, in the northern counties 34 and in the“ upper peninsula 38 bushels per acre. Potatoes—The estimated average yield in the state is 87, in the southern coun- ties 69, in the central counties 98, in the northern counties 95 and in the upper peninsula 165 bushels per acre. Beans—The estimated average yield in the state is 12, in the southern counties 11, in the central counties 14, in the northern counties 13 and in the upper peninsula 20 bushels per acre. Sugar Beets.~The estimated average yield in the state and central counties is 10. in the southern counties 9. in the northern counties 11 and in the upper peninsula 13 tons per acre. Buckwheat.-——The e'Stimated average yield in the state and northern counties is 15, in the southern counties 13. in the central counties 14 and in the upper pe- ninsula 27 bushels per acre. CROP AND MARKET NOTES. Michigan, Livingston Co., Oct. 6.—Recent rains have been very beneficial for wheat and have kept pastures fresh. Fall grain is nearly all sown. Beans were secured in good condition and many that have threshed are selling for $1.75 per bushel. They are yielding from 15 to 20 bu. per acre and of very good quality. Corn is nearly all cut but the yield will be light owing to the dry season. Genesee Co., Oct. 9.—-Fine weather for fall work has characterized the past few weeks. Corn is mostly in the silo and root crops are fast being secured. The high price of hay tempts many to sell this early in the seaSOn. Alfalfa is win- ning more and more friends and this year has witnessed many successful stands. The dairy cow reigns supreme in the section around Flint, and alfalfa and ensilage cause a broad smile on the countenances of dairymen generally. Tu— berculin test is compulsory for herds supplying milk in the Flint market but the ruling has been complied with cheer- fully as a general thing. New York. Genesee Co., Oct. 4.——A frost on the morning of September 15 killed all tender vegetation, with the exception of that which was on high ground where the drainage was good. All corn was damaged; also late potatoes and late beans; also some limas and tomatoes in- tended for the canning factory. The drouth which began in June, continues. We had a rain. however, on September pastures and the ger- mination and coming up of fall sown grain, the latter of which is fine. The price of all live stock remains very high. Farms change hands very little. The prices asked discourage many prospective buyers. Following are the prices paid by dealers, not the retail prices: Butter, dairy. 300: creamery 34c; pork, dressed, 12c; live 81/20; eggs, fresh, 28@300; spring chickens 160 lb; fowls 14c; lambs 120; wheat 92c: bu; oats 450; beans, medium, $2.15; pea $2.10; red kidney $3; red mar- row 33; hay, loose, $10@12; potatoes 75 @90c bu. 21 which helped Pennsylvania. Perry Co., Oct. 4.—Past tw0 weeks very rainy: most of seeding done. Some farm- ers plowing for next year's corn crop. Since the rain fields are looking as green as in May. Not many silos in this coun- ty. Hogs not plentiful; cattle scarce and high in price. Eggs 30c; butter 29c; wheat 850; wages 75c per day, and board; farmers are liming and using commercial fertilizers. Lanecho Co., Oct. 4.—Corn all in shock and some early husking done; crop good. Selling at $1 per bbl. Potatoes largely sold, price 700 per bu. Hay is being held for higher prices: Hogs scarce and cor- respondingly high. Veal calves high. Cows scarce and high. Milk $1.40@1.75 per cwt; eggs 320; butter 310; young chickens 16c. Wheat seeding in full swing. Apples very scarce. Farmers K THE'MICHIGAN FABMER, generally opposed to 50 million road bond issue. Tobacco in barns. _ Lancaster Co., Oct. 6.—-Tobacco all har- vested. Potatoes are harvested and very scarce. Tomatoes plentiful; cabbage is scarce; sweet potatoes half a crop; sweet corn half a crop; field corn three-fourths of a crop. Wheat seeding done. Turnips scarce; apples one-fourth crop. Wheat yielded fair and rye not a half crop. Montgomery Co., Oct. 6.~The weather is fine. Had no frost yet to hurt any- thing except light frost Sept. 16. Corn nearly all cut and some started to husk. \Vill be a fair crop. Fall seeding done, which is mostly rye, but some wheat. Markets: Choice timothy hay 75c per cwt; meadow hay 40c; wheat $1; corn 92c; oats 54c; rye 700; potatoes 90c; eggs 360; chickens, dressed, 20¢ per lb; home- made butter 35c; creamery 36c; hogs, dreSSed, $12; veal calves $10. Erie Co., Oct. 7.—Weather very warm today, temperature 80 degrees. Two days’ rain last week; conditions have been such as to allow farm work to be well advanced. “'heat is being sown and the acreage is Small. Corn cutting is nearly done. on account of severe frost Sept. 14, which froze corn that was not ripe. Many new silos have been erected this season and the filling of them has be— gun. Oats selling at 45c per bu; buck- wheat is being threshed with a fair yield, selling at $1.25@1.60 per cwt. Po- tatoes selling at $1.25 per bu, with light crop. All kinds of stock high. Prices of all produce high. Laborers are scarce and demand a high price. Wages range from $1.50@2 and board, considering the prices of produce and stuck and every- thing in general, a wave of prosperity is felt among the farmers. Ohio. Brown Co., Oct. 6,—The long drouth. has been broken by a few showers which have caused the pastures to look well. Corn is all cut and the wheat mostly all sown. Tobacco crop is very light and looks as though the price -will be high. Hancock Co., Oct, 6,—Weather very wet, almost impossible to get wheat sow- ed. Corn not nearly all cut. Fodder en- tirely spoiled by a very severe frost on Sept. 22. Clover seed threshing delayed by heavy rains. Much of it growing in the bunch. Seed making from two to three bushels per acre. Fall pastures very good; stock looking fine. Many ‘hogs dying from cholera in this county. HOgs still holding up well in price. Many will feed sheep this year in preference to cattle on account of high prices of feed- ers. W'heat 87c; corn $1 per cwt; oats 390 per bu; cloverseed $6 per bu; butter 22c; eggs 260; old chickens 12c; spring chickens 16c. Greene Co., Oct. 6.——VVe have had sea- s0nable weather the past month. Frost 0n the 23rd caught a large acreage of corn uncut, moSt of it out of danger, ‘liowever. Tobacco was thought to be badly injured at first. but did not prove to be so bad as feared. Wheat sowing is nearly completed, the bulk of it having been sown between Sept. 15 and October 6. Some is showing up nicely. About average acreage sown. Hog cholera has broken out in several places in the coun- ty, the worst for several years. Corn 70c; wheat 88c; clover $5.50; hogs 81/50; eggs 25c per dozen. Sandusky Co., Oct. 22 killed all vegetation. Corn crop light and mostly cut since frost. Potatoes very late and poor. Cabbage almost a failure on account of dry weather and 2.—-—Frost of Sept. worms. Seeding three weeks late, small acreage. Too dry in August and Sep- tember; too much rain now. Apple crop very light at $1 per bu; potatoes 90c; wheat 90c; corn $1 per cwt; oats 40c; rye 60c; old hens 120; young chickens 14c; eggs 2812; butter 28c; hogs BEDSIéc. Wayne Co., Sept. 29.——The weather has been fine through the month of Septem- ber with two good showers of rain and a killing frost on the morning of the 23rd, freezing the corn and everything. Corn was nearly ready to out before the frost. the majority of it being ripe. Vt'heat is pretty nearly all sowen, some up nicely and some still to sow. Corn cutting is pretty well under way, in general a pret- ty fair crop. Cattle very scarce and high, hogs also. Hay, No. 1 timothy, $12.50 per ton; wheat about 8'8c per bu; oats 45c; corn 900; butter 28c. Indiana. Shelby Co., Oct. 6.—VVheat is nearly all up and looking exceedingly well; a. startlingly general use of fertilizer was evident everywhere. The yield of clover seed is conceded to be much below nor- mal, and the threshing is not much more than half finished. Corn is a very poor crop indeed, but it is not ready for mar- keting at this time pop corn is yielding well. Sweet and Irish potatoes are very short. Sorghum acreage is small. There is an abundance of apples, pears, and peaches. Prices: Corn 650: oats 35c; Wheat 87c. Rush Co., Oct. 6.——Lnrge wheat crop of last season is cause for extensive acreage being put in this fall. Young wheat looks O. K. Corn is maturing rapidly and certainly .will be a bumper crop. Trees are breaking down from excessive weight 0f fruit. Tomatoes were hurt by big frost. There is a bountiful supply of nuts of all kinds excepting beech, of which there are none whatever. Not much rain. Recent cold snap which lest- ed t‘hrOughout one week produced first we of the season. Birds are going south daily. - Elkhart Co., Oct. 2.——Rainy weather for the last week. Farmers are through sow- ing wheat and are making apple butter, digging potatoes, and attending mer- chants’ home-coming celebration. Pota- toes are yielding fair and are selling at $1 a bushel. All stock high in price. Good cows are selling from $75@100. Illinois. Marion Co., Oct. 5.—Early September rams solved the water problem and im- proved the pastures, but made the har-‘ (Continued on page 350). -right‘in every particular. and “dirt" cheap to a R 0 0 Fl N G SAL MMM... worth of every make and kind of brand new, dependable roofing now be— in offered at such remarkably low prices, that; we ask all in need or who contemplate buying to hesitate placing orders until they get these remarkable Bankrupt Prices. This lot consists of every known make of rooflng—Galvanized,2%c per sq. ft.: Corrugated Steel, 1,140 per sq. IL: Rubber Surfaced Ajax Roofing 620 per square, etc. We now own the Chicago House Wrecking Company and incorporated for $10,000,000; this tremendous purchase is the first. results -—nothing like it ever before attempted by anyone. Every dollar’s worth of the roofing guaranteed brand new. Every quality. Write for free samples and remarkable prices. . HARRIS BROS. COMPANY Dept. 351- 43 “ Ghlcoxo. Ill. BREEDSVILLE, MICH- Have for sale fine bulls'out of cows with high official butter and milk records. PRICES $100 to $200, all grandsons of King Segis, King of the Pontiacs and DeKol 2nd, Butter Boy 3rd. 0r trade for re inter-ed Percheron o o t. s o r 8 registered Holstein cows, 6 with . . 0.1Rooords; I herd bull 4 yfiaars old out; of 31 lb.:dam; FOR SAL mares. 2 young bulls with A. breeding; 2 young Mammoth S anish Jacks. 17—349 ' ‘ ' 00min 2 cars old. bred flogisisrod Holstein Hunter .0 on. 5. .3... b... b... 1. in Mich..to freshen Fob.lst.Exoellent breeding and form. 5250. Write for pedigree. llobnrt W. Fay, Mason. Mich BUTTER BRED JEESE‘éfBé‘” CRYSTA L SPRING STOCK FARM. Silver Creek. Allexan County. Michigan. JERSEYS—Bulls calves bred for product- ion. Also cows and heifers. Brookwator Form. B. l". D. No. 7. Ann Arbor. Mich. I Lilllo Farmstead Jerseys (Tuberculin toned. Guaranteed free from Tuber- culosis.) Several good bulls and bull calves out of good dairy cows for sale. No females for sale at: present. Satisfaction guaranteed. COLON C. LILLIE. Coooenvflle. Mich. FUR SALE—Jersey Bull Call Dam's 2- ear~old record 8610 lbs. of milk, 513 lbs. butter in months. Sire's dam'a record 10550 lbs. of milk. 6041bs. butter in one year. WATERMAN a WATERMAN. Ann Arbor. Mich. The Jersey The Jersey gives richer milk and more butter than any other known breed. at a lower keeping cost. She does it continuously and rsistently. Her milk and butter ring better prices than the product of any other dairy breed. That’s where quality does count. Jersey facts free. Wnto now. We have no cowa for sale. AMERICAN JERSEY CATTLE CLUB 334 W. 23d Street, New York —Begieterod Jersey Cattle tuberculin test- For sale ed: bulls and bull calves; heifer and heifer ’oalvea: cows with Register of Merit. and Cow Testing lotion records. IBVIN FOX. Allognn. Mich. —Bulle from 8 to 12 months 9 Shoflhorl‘ls old. Best of breeding. Write for pedigrees. W. W. KNAPP, Howell, Mich. 3 Choice Shorthorn Bulls For Sale. 7 to9moa. old. Baton bred. Registered. Call or write to J.E. TANBWELL, Maple Ridge Farm, Mason. Mich. horthorns—A few bulls from 6 to 9 mos.,'sired byfn grandson of Whitehall Sultan. also choice females. Frank Rohnabaoher. R. F. D. 2, Laingsburg. Mich. Milli, BREIl SHORTHOHNSBfaBifiJSiSTi $113366: . B. HUMMEL. Mason. Michigan. F0" SALE—6 Shorthorn Bulls. 7 to 12 mos. sired by grandson of Whitehall Sultan. also choice W. B. McQuillan. Howell or Chilson,Mioh. SHEEP. llelaines and Me'rinoflii‘éffeiifo'sii’é‘é‘fifill‘ialieea‘fi greatly reduced prices. 8. H. Sanders, Ashtnbula 0. oxronn RAMS AM) was shifts? Address B. F. Miller or Geo. L. Spillane. Flint. Mich. OXFORDS—HEGISTEHED BlMS,D|FFEREIHGE8 812 to 815 each. B. B. HEAVEY. Akron. Michigan lhreo-lear—Old OXFORD and SHHOPSHIRE Ham: or sale cheap. Parkhurat Bros, Reed City. Mich. females. GEO. B. PA DEE. Gallon, Berrien Co., Michigan. SHEEP FOR SALE IN CARLOAl) LOTS. BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY. PARKHURST BROS. Reed City. Michigan. CATTLE. fifg-Ggiamgb'fl'lei Sheep, Pure Brod Poland China Aberdee nun-Angus. E. Morgdle. on EF'IQIEFRBSIE $8§§§LSQ E‘CCIOIES Herd. consisting of Trojan Ericas. B ackbirds and Prides. onl . is headed by Egerton W. the, GRAND CHAMPION bull at the State, West Michigan and Bay City Fairs of 1912 and the sire of winners at these Fairs and at THE INTERNATIONAL. Chic 0. of 1912. WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionla. lch. GUERNSEYs—Rog. Tuberculin Tested. Winder— moro Form. Watervliet. Mich. J. K. BLATOHFORD. Auditoriun Tower. Chicagolll, roadyfor service. Large. thrifty Guernsey Bu“ top notoher. Write today for de- scription and price. G. A. Wigent. Waterviiet. Mich. Guernsey Bull Calm For Sale. 3m°mbé3§°g§$ grades. W. D. KAHLER. Corey. Mlchlgan_ HEREFORD BULLS Ellll SALE 8153:3333 ALLEN BROS" Paw Paw. Michigan. Purebred Registered HOLSTEIN C A TT L E The Greatest Dairy Breed Sand for FREE Illustrated Booklet: Holstein-Friction, Auo..Box I“. Brottleboro.Vt. l Holsteln Bull ............ $900 I Holstein Bull............$|oo 3 Holstein Bulls ......... $200 I Holstein Bull ............ $250 Our sire is brother to 3 world record cows. The dams are choice with large A. it. 0. records. Quality considered these are very cheap. LONG BEACH FARMS. Augusta. (Kalamazoo Co.) Michigan. A FEW CIOICE Holstein Frieoian Bull Calves for Sale. A. B. 0. Shock. GREGORY & BORDEN. Howell. Michigan. —reaeonable rioes. choice re - For sale istered HOL TEIN smns. tea y for service. HATCH HERD, Ypsilanti. Mich. Buy A World Record lolstein Bull NEXT TIME. We haveZ with 75% some blood of 3world record cows. Great. bargains at 0250 each. LONG BEACH FARMS. Augusta. (Kalamazoo Co.,) Mich. “Top-Notch” Holsteins. Choice bull calves from 6 to 10 mo. old, of fashion- able breeding and from dams with oflloial milk and.butter records for sale at reasonable prices. MOPHERSON PAR"! 00.. Howell. Mlohluln. ' ' 8 years old. fresh, with bull "0?“le Home” 00W calf. by one of the boot bnl sin Miohi an. Mostly white, very large and attractive. exce lent breeding. rite for pedigree. J. E. ABRAMS. Lawrence. Michigan. "01.31”" nu”- riced ri ht. Write or better come and see. 1:. . CORN LL. Howell. Michigan: Bull Ready For Service. A grand son of Pistol-tie Hengervelds Count. DeKol, and out of Bertha Josephine Nudine. This is an almost faultless individual. Guaranteed ready for service. Bred. built, and quick buyer. Also 7 good cows, one fresh—the others yet to‘freshen. The above would make a fine herd for some one. $1950 will buy‘the bunch. I... E. CONNELL. Fayette. Ohio. ' is offering more and better The IDKICSIde Farm Shropshire Sheep than ever before. All stock recorded. Write us what you want. HERBERT E. POWELL. Ionic. Mich. Citizen's Phone. SHROPSHIRES figfii’l'infi‘filfiailé‘fiiip‘iiéfl C. J. THOMPSON. Rockford. Michigan. HROPSHIRE RAMS. Registered. Six-ed by Imp. Minton ram. Quality for grade or registered flocks. Also some young ewes. Prices right. WILLIS S. MEADE, Lapeer. Michigan. Prize two-yenr-old Shropshire R 1912. 131mm 2nd Also ood yearling Rams and Eggs for E. E. LELA D a SON. Ann Arbor. Michigan. REGISTERED SHHOPSHIRE‘RW‘ “d “’9 ‘°"-“" Breeding of the boat. Harry P?ttd$,nfifigsizloen. ”Kim: MAPLESHADE FARM SHROPSHIRES Reg. yearling and mm lambl. 25 ewes a d 15 lambs. WM. P. PULLING tkSON, ParmafIMiohlgen'x': sale. ' -—2 and 3 yr. old rams d neg- “7093th good lamb rams. wo‘dlll 853111113335: type. Geo P. Andrews. Dnnaville, Ingham Co., Mich. d . . SHQPSHIHE lElllllllG Ead‘fiifiié’il £2311: . E. MORRISH. Flushing, Michigan. SHBOPSHIHE RAMS lllll [WES Flill SllE. DAN BOOHER. R. 1. Marion. Michigan. H008. ' ' —A Desirable B h f ”"1008 & VIClorlas Either Breed d‘dgcA rtll ngdwfiagf M. T. Story: R. R. 48 Lowell. Mich. C‘lty P11011056. Berkshire Boar—£32.?“Singbiiéfi‘il'éngrglmsm A. A. ‘PATTULLO. R. No. 1. Deckerville. men; nrnxsnmrs 0...... b... “.2“; am mm... was ffih?‘iti.§..{“ifi§if Beautiful Young BERKSHIRE SW 5333,! $33,833 out. of a daughter of the World's Chem i Longfellow. Price $50, worth $100 P‘iggnexggzl'nsieir $15 each. C. D. WOODBURY. Lansing. Mich. ' —-Bpring and summer ' . ' 011.31”. Whll's your want... Price andrggsliznrlghut? Meadow View Stock Farm. R.F.D. No.5.Hollan ,Mioh. —BIG GROWTHY TYPE. L t 0‘ I- 0- stock. either sex, pairs not akin.uVersyp:dn stock. ’Bcott No. 1 head of hard. Farm 56 mile west of depot, OTTO B. SCHULZE. Nashville, Mich. —MARCH and APRIL PIGS. t O. I. C. growthy kind. with plenty olflebbginef No cholera ever on or near farm. Satisfaction guaranteed. A. NEWMAN, R. 1. Mariette. Mich. ll.l-.ll’s.—laking Orders for Sept. Pigs, "two?“ FRED NICKEL R. No. 1. Monroe. Michigan. —Bred ilts all sold, OI II c. SWINE have a o_ of Sprfing pi? on hand. Will book orders for Sept. pigs. 80 my Krloe on pairs and trios not akin. . J. 0RDON’ R. No. 2. Don. Mich. WRlTE US Your Wants For Reg.'Chestor White Swine. Holi- teln Bulls. Shropshire She-3p Lamb Rams. Sept. pigs now ready for shipment. RAY B. PARHAM, Bronson, Mickie-n. (Breeders’ Directory continued on page 333.) 350—18 E iiiIllliiiIliiiilliiIliililiilliillllillillIliiiilliil|IllliilliillllliilliiliiillliiiIIIlllillliiIiiiilllllliilillilllg‘fii Markets. Eliilliiiiiill|llliiiiIlliill|lliiilIIlililliiiiiil|illIlliiillllllliiil|ii|Iliiiil|il|iiiiiiI|illllliiililHiIIlllilullfi GRAINS AND SEEDS. October 14, 1913. Wheat—Values had a Slighlt trend downward and new rule a fraction below last week’s figures. The bearish feeling was largely the result of foreign news since here receipts are restricted by farmers holding back their surplus for better quotations. Spring wheat is in good supply but there is a liberal short- age in the winter kind. A year ago No. 2 red wheat was $1.11 per box. Quota- tions for past week are: No.2 No.1 Red. White. Dec. May. Wednesday . . . . 941,44 9414 95% 99% Thursday ...... 9414 941/1, 951/2 991/2 Friday . . ...... 94 94. 951/; 9914 Saturday . . .. . . .94 94 9514 991/1, M0nday ..... .. Tuesday . . . . .931/2 931/2 95 99 Corn.—With the shortage in the corn crop becoming more and more evident to the public, the feeling among dealers 15 Strong and values have held steady the past week. The price is now nearly 100 above that of last year, it being 64c then. Quotations of the week are: No. 2 No. 2 Mixed Yellow. Wednesday ......... . .. ..... 721/, 7314 Thursday ................ 721,4 7314 Friday ........ . . . . . . ..... 721/, 73 14 Saturday ................. 721,; 7314 Monday .................. .. Tuesday .................. 721/4 7314 Oats—This deal continues steady with corn. Offerings are not liberal. Demand is fair. Quotations: ' Standard. White. Wednesday 431/“. 43 Thursday ................. 431/3 4?. Friday ..... 431/2 43 Saturday .......... ..... 431,42 43 Monday ............. .. 'Tuesday .................. 431/: 43 Beans—Prices show a reaction of 100 from last week‘s reduced values. Qual— ity of the new beans is fine. Cash beans for immediate and prompt shipment are now quited at $1.90; ()Ct., $1.90; Nov., $1.70 per bu. Chicago—(Oct. 13).—Market is firm. Quotations are: Pea beans, hand-picked, choice $2602.10; red kidneys $2.40@2.50; white kidneys $3 per bu. .Rye.—Thc rye market is dull with no change in values; cash No. 2 quoted at 68c, which is last week's figures. At Chicago cash No. 2 is quoted at 661/260 67c, which is last week’s quotations, Cloverseedr—There is a fairly good yield of common seed, although it is ap- parent that trade will readily absm‘b sur— plus. Prime October is now quoted at $7.75; Dec., $7.75 per bu. Sales of Oc- tober alsike were made at $10 per bu. ’ Alfalfa Seed.—Prime spot nominal at $7.50 per bu. Timothy Seed.—This market is lower, with prime spot selling at $2.40 per bu., which is last week’s figure. FLOUR AND FEEDS. Flown—Jobbing lots in 1,5 paper sacks are selling on the Detroit market per 196 lbs. as follows: Best patent, $5.40; sec- ond, $5.10; straight, $4.90; spring patent, $5.10: rye flOur, $4.60 per bbl. Feed.-—In 100-lb. sacks, jobbing lots: Bran, $26; coarse middlings, $27; fine middlingS, $29; cracked corn, $27; coarse corn meal, $31; corn and oat chop, $27.50 per ton. Hay.—Condition of deal is.unchanged. Carlots on the track at Detroit are: No. 1 timothy, $16@16.50; standard, $15@15.50; No. 2, $14@14.50; light mixed, $15@15.50; No. 1 mixed, $13.50@14. Chicago—Good market. Demand good for timothy particularly. Supply light. Choice timothy quoted at $151.506T20 per ton; No. 1, $18.506119.50; No. 2, $1761) 17.50. New York.~—Demand good. Prices high- er. Large baled, No, 1 timothy, $22; standard $20.50; light clover mixed $1961) 20; heavy mixed $166018 per ton. 'Straw.—Dctroit.——Steady. Rye, $8@9; wheat and oat straw, $7607.50 per ton. Chicago—Quotable higher as folloWS: Rye, $7108; oat. $650607; wheat, $6606.50, New York.——Higher. New rye straw, $1961.20 per ton. DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS. Butter.—Lower values and general eas- iness at all points except Detroit. Here quotations are nominally unchanged but lower prices are looked for before the end of the week. Quotations now are: Extra. creamery, 31c per lb; firsts. 30c; dairy, 23c; packing stock, 21c per lb. Pilgrim—Market firm at 291/30 per 1b., a decline of 11/2c from laSt week. Chicago.~—This market weakened before last week’s close. the better grades de- clining 11/20 and under grades 1c. Mar- ket barely steady at the lower range. Quotations are: Extra creamery 29c; cX- tra firsts 27%fii280; firsts 2561:26c: seconds 2461‘241,4_.c; ladies 231/36.02%; packing stock 221/90 New Yorkfioreameries dull and heavy with prices a shade lower. Dairies un— changed but packing goods tend toward lower values. Quota-tionS: Creamery ex— tras 301/260310: firsts 286030c; seconds 251/gfl271/pfi‘: state dairy. finest. 2914.61730c: good to prime 27((7’28140: common to fair 2460261/30; packing 2161‘24c as to quality. Eggs.——The egg situation shows little change from last week. good stock com- manding outside figures at all points. 'lihe local market is firm at last week’s ad- vance. Current offerings candied, quoted at 27c per dozen. THE MLC‘HI‘GAN FARMER J Chicago;——Market steady; no“ 'change' in quotations. Quotations: are: Mis- cellaneous lots. cases included,.,17@25c; ac- cording to quality; do.. cases returned, 16%@24%c; ordinary firsts, 22@23c; firsts 2561'26c; refrigerator stock in good de- mand at 2360231490 for April firsts. New York.—Market quiet but former values well suStained. ‘Offerings com,- paratively light. Storage supplies firmly held. Special grades of refrigerator stock aze now quoted at 27c. Other quotations are: Fresh gathered extras 3360350; ex- tra firsts 31@32c; firsts 28@30c; western gathered whites 3061/40c per dozen. Poultry.—Liberal supplies of chickens last week drove prices down a fraction, but the market has cleaned up fairly well. Best quality ducks are 1c higher. Quotations; Live—Springs 13%60140; hens 1361/131/2c; No. 2 hen-s 1061112c; old roosters 1061111c; turkeys 17@18c; geese 11@12c; ducks 14@16c. Chicago—Although offerings are heavy this market continues in- good condition. the only price reduction occurring on medium quality chickens, while springs, turkeys and ducks are quoted higher. Quotations on live are: Turkeys, goo-d weight 20c; others 120; fowls, general run 121/2c; spring chickens 14c; ducks Ill/260130; geese 8@13c; guinea hens $4@ 6 per dozen. Cheeses—Steady to. firm at last Week’s figures. XVholesale lots, Michigan flats, 1561151A3c; New York flats, 1761;171/2c; brick cream, 17@171,éc; limburger, 141/2@15c. FRUITS AND VEGETABLES. Applesm—Offerings larger and prices are a little lower. Good grades $3603.25 per bbl., while poorer kinds, which constitute a large proportion of the bulk, are sell— ing around $26,112.50 per bbl. At Chicago values rule from $2.50@5.25 per bbl., No. 1 Jonathan’s selling best. Bulk apples are selling best now. Fruit is not keeping well. Grapes.—Delawares and Niagaras 20c per 4-lb. basket At Chicago the market is fair with 1eceipts small. General quo- tation, 19611220 for 8-lb. baskets. Pears—Fair supply and selling at $1.50 6111.75 per bu. for Bartletts. Duchess at $3.25613.50 per bbl. Potatoes.——l’)eal is unchanged and prices steady. Quotations: In bulk, 606165c per bu: in sacks‘, 606170c per bu. At Chicago trade rules steady. Receipts last week 495 cars; previous week 575 cars, and corresponding week last year 440 cars. The demand is good with Michigan stock going at 6061.650 Cabbage.—Steady at last week’s figures. Good quality quoted at $2602.25 per bbl. PRICES ON DETROIT EASTERN MAR- KET. There was the usual number of farm- ers' wagons on the eastern market on Tuesday morning and buyers were plenti- ful enough to keep values about steady with last week’s quotations. Potatoes were offered in about the same amount with good grades selling at about 80c per bu. Cabbagcs are more plentiful, with white selling from 40611500, and red from 6061650 per bu. Apples are ruling from 75c@$1.50, the majority of the offerings being very poor in quality and selling around the lower figures. Pears range from 9006055125 per bu'; quinces $2.50; lettuce 40611450; endive 45c; peppers 800 6111; pie pumpkins 500 per bu; celery 25 6135c large bunch. Loose hay is being offered more freely, averaging $156118 per ton. THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS. Buffalo. October 13, 1913. (Special Report of Dunning & Stevens, New York Central Stock Yards, East Buffalo, New York). Receipts of stock here today as follows: Cattle 260 cars; hogs 110 double decks; sheep and lambs 100 dOuble decks; calves 900 head. “'ith 260 cars of cattle on our market today, and an influx of Canadas, of the good weight grass cattle: this kind sold from 15617250 lower; the good fat Ohio and Indiana cattle sold about the same as last week. The market was about 10 6115c lower on all butchering cattle that were fat. and common grades of cattle sold anywhere from 25@50c per cwt. lower. \Ve quote: Best 1350 to 1500-lb. steers, $8.506?8.75; best 1200 to 1300-lb. do. $8.25 6178.50; beSt 1100 to 1200—lb. do,$86?8.25; coarse and plain weighty steers, $7.25@ 7.50; choice handy Steers, 1000 to 1100, $8618.35; fair to good do, $7.25@7.65; grassy 800 to 1000-1b. steers, $650607; best cows, $650,616.75; butcher COWS, $5626; cutters. $4.2561)4.50; trimmers, $3.7561‘3x85; best heifers. $725,607.75; medium butcher heifers, $6.256E6.50; stock heifers. 34.5061) 5; common stock heifers, $4694.25: best feeding steers. $7607.50; fair to good do $625,606.50; common light stock steers. $5615.25; best butcher bulls, $650627: best bologna bulls, 3352560575; stock bulls. $5 615.50; best milkers and Springers, $70617 80; common to good do, $506060. Hog receipts. today totalled up about 110 double decks. “'ith light receipts at all western markets. and good demand here. trade was 10@15c higher on the best grades. while pigs and lights sold from 2561.500 per cwt. higher. It was gener- ally a one—priced market for the yorkers and mixed $8.90: few choice heaviesland- ing at $9: light yorkers $8.5061‘8.75; pigs $8608.50, as to weight and quality; roughs $8608.25; stags $7607.50. The sheep and lamb market was active today, but prices on lambs was 106015c lower than the close of last week: most of the choice lambs selling from $7.156? 7.90. Sheep market steady. Look for little improvement in prices the last of the week with moderate receipts. ‘Ve quote: Choice lambs. $7.256D7.30; cull to fair do, $6607.15; yearlings $55061) 6; bucks $3603.50; wethers $5695.25; handy ewes $4.75@5; heavy eWes $4.50@4.75; cull sheep $3@3.50; veals, choice ,to extra $11 @1150; fair to good $10@10.50; heavy calves $5.50@8. ' Chicago. Cattle. Hogs. Sheep. Received today ......21,000 30,000 45,000 Same day last year..27,204 28.068 43.299 Received last week..48,963 146,050 192,637 Same week last year.53,666 104,513 203,576 The week opens with activity in cattle restricted to fat kinds, which are firm, but others are slow, prices being largely a dime lower. Hogs are active and a. dime or more higher, sales ranging at $8608.75. The hogs received last week av- eraged but 207 le., compared with 213 lbs. 21 week earlier, 231 lbs. 9. month ago, 228 lbs. one year ago, 209 lbs. two years ago, 261 lbs. three years ago and 228 lbs. four years ago. Sheep and lambs show no marked change, but choice lambs are selling at stronger prices. A sale is re- ported of 1,200 Montana 90—lb. feeding Wethers at $4.60. ' Cattle were marketed much less freely last week than during the preceding week on account of the sharp breaks in prices, and the early days saw consider- ably higher prices for desirable offerings, with the highest figure for fancy steers and heifers seen this year. By \Vednes- day afternoon the demand became slack, packers having supplied their most ur- gent wants, and the market lost its ad- vance. The bulk of the steers sold dur- ing the week at $8.10@9.30, the‘ ordinary to fair light-weight grassy kinds bringing $7608.25 and the best claS-s of heavy beeves and handy little yearlings going for $9.256119.55, only one sale being made at the top price. Good, fat cattle sold at $9 and better and a medium to good kind at 3583061895, while butchering cows and heifers sold at $4.80@9.45, with cut- ters going at $4.25@4.75, canners at $3.25 614.20 and bulls at 55485617810. Note- worthy sales of cattle embraced 24 head Of 1136-lb. Hereford, Shorthorn and An- gus steers at $9.55, 26 heifers averaging 1041 lbs., including four steers, at $9.40, and 66 Angus heifers averaging 909 lbs. at $9.45. There was a fairly large trade in Stockers and feeders, prices advancing and afterward declining. Stockers sold at $5.75617.60 for inferior to prime lotS, feeders at $675618 and stock and feeding cows and heifers at $5607. Calves sold as usual at $56,111.75 per 100 lbs. and milch cows cows at $50611110 each. The close of the week saw nearly all cattle except the better class selling 1560200 lower than .a week earlier, shipments east having shown a marked decline. Best calves brought $11.25. Hogs suffered several sharp declines in prices last week that enabled buyers to secure supplies at the lowest figures re- corded since early in June. receipts being liberal, especially on Monday. There was a falling off in quality, and the percent- age of little pigs from the cholera-strick- en sections of Iowa was extremelyiarge. There was a wide-spread feeling among traders that the packers were bent on forcing hogs to a lower level for the win- ter packing season. The range of prices stood the narrowest of the season, but pigs had to sell very low, especially the lightest weights. Provisions had a fairly large sale, and there was a large call for hogs and pigs for the big fresh pork trade. Published statistics showed that stocks of cured hog products in the five principal western packing centers on Oct. 1 amounted to 31,000,000 lbs. more than a year earlier, despite a decrease of over 51.000,000 lbs, in September. Lard stocks were about 25.000 tierces heavier than‘ a. year ago. Medium butcher weights top- ped the market, with light hogs selling at a discount. On the low day top price for hogs was $8.55, with a rally Saturday, when hogs brought $7.75@8.65, compar- ing with $7.95@8.90 a week ago. Pigs closed at $4@8, boars at $150633 and Stags at $8.25@8.55. Throwout packing sows brought $7607.75. Best prices were paid for hogs weighing from 210 to 250 pounds. Lambs and sheep were marketed much more liberally last week than a week earlier, although much less freely than a, short time ago. when supplies were ex- ceeding all records. There was a fairly active general demand, but the market was uneven, with prices weakening at different times. As is the case nearly all the time, the feeder trade was the most mliable by far, and such stock sold well at steady values most of the week. NATIONAL CROP REPORT. The Crop Reporting Board of the Bu- reau of Statistics (Bureau of Agricultural forecasts) of the United States Depart- ment of Agriculture estimates. from the reports of the correspondents and agents of the Bureau. as follows: For the United States: Condition Oct.1. or at time of harvest. car. 18. 1913. CROP AND MARKET NOTES. (Continued from page 349). vesting of cowpeas a precarious occupa- tion. A great deal of corn has been cut for fodder and ensilage. Owing to the dryness of the ground very little wheat was planted this year. The apple crop is good. Prices range from 300 per bushel for Ben Davis, to 75c bushel for Minklers and Winesaps. As the corn crop in this county was practically a failure, many farmers are laying in a large supply of bran for winter feeding. There is almost no market for mules. Champalgn Co., Oct. 3.———T'r.e exceSSively dry summer has shortened the corn crop to about half of last year’s crop, orabout three-fifths of an average crop, or 28 to 20 bu. per acre in this vicinity. Corn is out of way of frost now and look for average quality. Weather is ideal at present for maturing same, and look for reasonable early husking. Late rains have been beneficial for fall plowing and pastures have become green but too late for pasture of any benefit. Some five per cent of last year’s old corn held by farm- ers for higher prices. All farm work pro- gressing reasonably well. Wisconsin. Clark Co., Oct. 1.—VVeather fine; had some rain lately; just enough to make- plowing a little easier. Corn ,has all been put into the silo or shock. Potatoes will go 300 bushels per acre, selling at 5061600. Threshing all done and grain was very good. Hay is scarce. Butter 28c; eggs 200; oats 45c.‘ Cattle selling at a Ivery high price. Pasture is good for this time of the year. Land has been changing hands quite a little lately and prices are goingup. Missouri. St._Louis Co., Oct. 10.-——P0tatoes are about half a crop, being cut short on ac- count of drought in August and Septem- ber. They are worth 90c. Eggs from farmers 35617400; hay scarce: oats 4060 45c. Very few silos in this county. Corn on upland half a crop and on bottom land three-quarters of a crop. Garden truck fair, all showing the result of the past drought. No frosts to date; weather very sultry, 87 degrees. Iowa. 'Osceola 00., Oct. 6.-—Have had several light rains since Sept. 6 which have re- Vived blue grass pastures again after having been all dried up for several weeks. XVinter wheat sprouting after ly- ing dormant about two weeks Last Spring's seeding of clover good. but tim- othy all dead on account of drought. People, in general, will finish plowing and stack threshing this week. Some will commence husking corn this week but the majority will start next week. Hog cholerais still prevalent but very few farmers escaping this dreaded dis- ease thus far. North Dakota. Adams Co., Oct. 3.—Been very dry sea- son, with steady heat, but drouth is now broken by good rains. No damaging frosts up to date. Threshing done and yield poor. TVheat 3 to 12, cats 10 to 35. barley 6 to 12, flax 4 to 10, and winter rye about 10 bu. per acre. All cultivated Crops very good. corn fully matured but acreage small, potatoes average crop and very good quality. Farming changing from small grain to corn and live stock. All live stock high: local prices: ,VVheat 70c; flax $1.27; oats 300; barley 57c; rye 43c; potatoes 50c. Kansas. Smith Co., Oct. 11.——A nice rain on the 9th of September broke the continued drouth and hot weather. This rain brought up all of the early sown wheat and put plowed ground in fine shape to work down. On the 23rd of September about 2.5 inches of rain fell. The above rains and the recent ones will give the large acreage of wheat sown this year a. fine start. Alfalfa will make abundance of fall pasture. Report of Smith Centre markets; for Tuesday the 7th: “'heat and corn 750; eggs 22c; butter 18@30c; hens 8c; springs 9c; cream 29c. MariOn Co., Oct. 10.—Vi'eather warm. with frequent rains. \\'heat and rye are making fine growth. Some paStures have been restocked. No seed on Kaffir corn. No weather to cut and cure it for fod- der. Some corn fodder spoiling. Feed is becoming cheaper since the rains came. Alfalfa is growing fast, and there will be some that will get tall enough to out again. Everything brings. good prices at farm sales Milch cows $456095; hogs low- er. Good inquiry for hogs and stOck calves. Corn from car 790; oats 50c; p0- tatoes and cabbage being shipped in. Po- tatoes $1 per bu; cabbage $1.50 per cwt; apples retail at $2.40 per box. Acreage, 1913. P. Ct. 0f Crops. 1913. 1912. IO-yr. Condition Sent. av, 1. 1913. 1912. Acres. Corn ......... 65.3 82.2 80.6 657.1 99.8 106,884,000 Buckwheat .659 89.2 84.2 75-4 100.0 841.000 Potatoes .....67.7 85.1 76.4 69.9 99.3 3,685,000 Tobacco ..... 76.6 81.8 83.1 74.5 93.4 1.144.500 Flax ......... 74.7 83.8 78.5 74.9 85.1 2,425,000 Rice ......... 80.3 89.2 87.5 88.0 114.0 824,100 Apples ...... 46.6 ' 67.8 54.1 47.7 The yields indicated by the condition 0f crops on Oct. 1. 1913. or at time of harveSt. and the final yields in preceding .VE‘m‘s, for COmparison, follow: Yield per acre. 1912. 1908- Crops. 1913a. Final. ' 191-2 av. Bus. Bus. Bus. Corn ........... 22.2 29.2 26,5 Buckwheat 16.5 22.9 21.0 VVte. potatoes. . 86.7 113.4 96.1 Tobacco, lbs... .7660 7. 5.5 822.3 Flax ........... 8.7 9.8 8.2 Rice ........... 30.9 34.7 33.7 a. Interpreted from condition reports. _ T I” +5 +5139 8‘ TOtal production in 32) ,“j if”) millions of bushels. 8 8 8 23.1.3 1912. 1911. 237: a: ‘3 1913.1. Final. Final. 5. '34 E E CL. 2.373 3,152 2.531 +0.9 14 19 . 18 —6.7 319 421 293 -——-1.8 877 963 905 +1.9 21 28 19 ' +5.0 25 25 23 —7.4 +1... -. ._.._----._..’___ OCT. 18, 1913.. THIS IS THE FIRST EDITION. first edition the Detroit Live StlirékulI/Iearkets are reports of last week; all other markets are right up to date. Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock markets are given in the last edition. The first edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi- tion Friday morning. The first edition is mailed to those who care more, to get the paper early than they do for Thursdays Detroit Live Stock market report. You may have any edition desxred; . Subscrib- ers may change from one edition to an- other by drapping us a card to that effect. DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS. Thursday’s Market. October 9, 1913. Cattle. Receipts, 1389. Market dull at Wed- nesday's and last week's prices on all gradeS; local meat trade Very had. We quote: Extra dry—fed steers and heifers, $7.50@8; steers and heifers, 1000 to 1200, $7@7.50;.do 800 to 1000, $6.50@7; grass steers and heifers that are fat, 800 to 1000. $6.50@7; do 500 to 700, $5.50@6.25; choice fat cows, $6; good do, $5.25@5.50; common do. $4.25@5; canners, $3@4; chcoice-heavy bulls $6.25@6.50; fair to good bOlognas, bulls, $5.50@6; stock bulls.$4.75 @525; choice feeding steers, 800 to 1000. $6.75@7; fair do, $6.25@6.50; choice stock- ers, 500 to 700. $6.50@6.75; fair do, 500 to 700, $6@6.25; stock heifers, $5@5.50; milk- ers, large, young, medium age, $65@85; common milkers, $40@50; extra fancy, $90@110. Roe Com. Co. sold Kamman B. Co: 6 butchers av 945 at $6.50, 1 cow weighing 1000 at $5, 4 heifers av 765 at $6.75; to Sutton 12 stockers av 596 at $6.25; to Applebaum 6 butchers av 491 at $5.75; to Newton B. Co. 1 cow weighing 870 at $4. 4 cows and bulls av 945 at $5.25. 9 cows av 1180 at $4.75, 2 do av 950 at $5.25; to Taylor 13 feeders av 1000 at $7.25. 3 do av 730 at $7.25; to Mich. B. Co. 5 butch- ers av 634 at $5.50, 2 cows av 1000 at $6.50, 2 do av 1045 at $5.75, 1 bull weigh- mg 1500 at $6.25; to Hammond, S. & Co. 7 cows av 990 at $4.25: to Sullivan P. Co. 7 steers av 1037 at $7.25; to Newton B. CO. 5 cows av 998 at $5. 1 do weighing 690 at $4; to Goodwin 4 do av 982 at $4.75; to Grant 3 butchers av 590 at $5.50; to Thompson Bros. 1 cow weighing 1000 at 4. Sfiicer & R. sold Sutton 1 bull weigh- ing 620 at $5.50; to Newton B. Co. 5 cows av 854 at $5.50, 2 butchers av 790 at $5.50, 2 do av 1135 at $6, 1 heifer weighing 480 at $5, 4 cows av 932 at $4.75, 2 do av 820 at $4. 2 do av 1065 at $4.25; to Baldwin 1 heifer weighing 760 at $6.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 2 bulls av 1255 at $6.35: to Hammond, S. & C0. 1 canner weighing 630 at $4. Haley & M. sold Breitenbeck 8 cows av 991 at $4.75, 2 do av 910 at $4.75; to Sweet & C0. 7 feeders av 716 at $6.75, 15 stockers av 656 at $6.25, 3 do av 520 at $6, 2 do av 655 at $6.50. 4 do av 592 at $6.25, 4 feeders av 732 at $6.60; to Hammond, S. & Co. 2 bulls av 1345 at $6, 3 heifers av 853 at $6.50, 4 cows av 1025 at $4. 20 butchers av 920 at $7.35, 20 do av 897 at $7.35; to Bowersox 2 feeders av 800 at $6.80, 2 do av 805 at $6.75, 3 cows av 1010 at $6.25. 2 do av 800 at $6, 5 feeders av 736 at $6.75. 2 do av 790 at $6.75; to Newton R. Co. 2 cows av 1100 at $5.35, 5 do av 986 at $5.60, 3 do av 1043 at $4.50, 6 do av 1105 at $5.50; to Mich, B. Co. 2 bulls :iv 825 at $5.50, 1 do weighing 1450 at $6.50; to Mason B. Co. 17 butchers av 713 at $6.05, 10 do av 940 at $7.25; to Grant 8 do av 602 at $6, 2 do av 540 at $5.25; to Bresnahan 3 heifers av 723 at $6; to Breitenbeck 4 cows av 1025 at $4.60. 2 do av 875 at $4.40, 12 steers av 956 at $7. 1 cow weighing 860 at $4.50; to Cooke 6 steers av 1000 at $7.50; to Hammond, S. & CO. 1 bull weighing 1600 at $6.35; to Bowersox 2 feeders av 780 at $7, 1 do weighing 710 at $6.60; to Cook & XV. 6 steers av 881 at $7; to Hammond, S. & Co. 1 bull weighing 1180 at $6, 1 do weighing 1780 at $6.50 Veal Calves. Receipts. 452. Market $10@11; others $6619.50. Spicer & R. sold Mich, B. Co. 2 av 230 at $8.50, 6 av 170 at $10, 2 av 130 at $10, 4 av 145 at $10, 1 weighing 190 at $8.50, 4 av 150 at $10. Haley & M. sold Youngs 6 av 155 at $5. 4 av 160 at $10. 7 av 250 at $5, 2 av 145 at $10.50, 3 av 180 at $10.50, 2 av 240 at $10.50, 5 av 195 at $5, 1 weighing 190 at $9, 1 weighing 130.at $10, 1 weighing 170 at $11; to Mich. E. Co. 26 av 150 at $10.25. Roe Com. Co. sold Mich. B. Co. 7 av 160 at $9; to Goose 5 av 225 at $5.50, Sheep and Lambs. Receipts, 7121. Good lambs 15@250 lower than on Wednesday; common and sheep steady. Best lambs, $7; fair to good lambs. $6.50@6.75: light to common lambs, $5.75@6.25; fair to good sheep, $3.75@4.25; culls and common. $2.50@3. Bishop, . & H. sold Sullivan P. Co. 86 lambs av 58 at $6, 95 sheep av 105 at $4.10, 3 do av 95 at $3, 58 do av 80 at $2.75, 27 do av 60 at $6; to Nagle P. Co. 42 lambs av 85 at $6. 199 do av 85 at $7.25; to Hammond. S. & Co. 18 sheep av 104 at $4. 14 doav 80 at $3, 44 do av 108 at $4, 11 lambs av 57 at $6, 133 do av 75 at $7, 20 do av 65 at $6; to Young 29 lambs av 70 at $7.25, 26 do av 70 at $6.75, 338 do av 83 at $7; to Hammond, S, & Co. 63 do av 75 at $7; to Rattner 29 sheep av 85 at $3.75; to Sutton 152 lambs av 60 at $6.25; to Sullivan P. Co. 14 sheep av 90 at $3.25. 67 lambs av 50 at $5.50; to Nagle P. Co. 158 do av 80 at $7; to Costello 38 do av 55 at $5.50: to Park— er, W. & Co. 78 do av 75 at $7; to Sulli- van P. Co. 13 do all 65 at $6.50; to Fitz- patrick Bros. 72 sheep av 125 at $4, 43 steady. Best, 'rHE MICHIGAN FARMER lambs av 80 at $7; to Hayes 39 do av 65 at $6.35; to Hammond, S. & Co. 37 sheep av 120 at $4; to Young 56 lambs av 70 at $6.75; to Nagle P. Co. 57 do av 75 at $6.85, 34 do av 65 at $7, 107 do av 70 at$7. Roe Com. Co. sold Hammond, S. & Co. 41 sheep av 73 at $3.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 11 lambs av 68 at $6.50; to Mich. B. 00.338 do av 80 at $6.75, 37 sheep av 125 at 4. Haley & M. sold Newton B. Co. 70 lambs av 75 at $6.75, 13 do av 80 at $7, 20 do av 70 at $7; to Youngs 69 do av 80 at $7, 63 sheep av 105 at $4. Taggart sold Mich. B. Co. 71 lambs av 70 at $6.75. Spicer & R. sold Thompson Bros. 17 lambs av 75 at $6.75, 28 sheep av 90 at $3.80; to Hammond. S. & Co. 15 do av 100 at $3, 18 do av 110 at $4: to Sullivan P. Co. 18 do av 100 at $3.50; to Thompson Bros. 21 lambs av 50 at $6, 19 do av 55 at $6.25; to Young 35 do av 80. at $7; to Mich. B. Co. ‘8 do av 80 at $6.75, 15 sheep av 110 at $4; to Young 18 do av 115 at $4, 42 lambs av 75 at $6.80; to Mich. B. Co. 28 sheep av 105 at $4. Hogs. ReceiptS, 5481. None sold up to noon; looks dull at Wednesday's prices. Range of prices: Light to good butch- ers, $8.35; pigs, $6@7.50; mixed, $8@8.35: heavy, $8.25@8.35. Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker. W. & Co. 1207 av 180 at $8.35, 817 av 160 at $8.30, 310 av 170 at $8.25, 103 av 140 at $8.15. Haley & M. sold Hammond, S. & Co. 560 av 180 at $8.35, 190 av 160 at $8.30. 150 av 150 av $8.25, 107 av 135 at $8. Spicer & R. sold same 317 av 180 at $8.35, 150 av 160 at $8.30. Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 510 av 180 at_$8.35, 60 av 160 at $8.15, 70 av- 160 at $8.25. Friday’s Market. October 10, 1913. Cattle. Receipts this week, 2520; market dull. We quote: Extra dry-fed steers and heifers $7.50@8; steers and heifers, 1000 to 1200, $7@7.50; do 800 to 1000. $6.50@7; grass steers and heifers that are fat, 500 to 700, $6.50@7; do 500 to 700, $6606.50; choice fat cows, $6: good do, $5.25@5.50; common do, $4.25@5; canners $3@4; choice heavy bulls, $6.25@6.75; fair to good-bolognas, bulls, $550606; stock bulls $4.75(a5.25; choice feeding steers, 800 to 1000, $6.75@7.25; fair do. 800 to 1000, $6.25 ((06.50; choice stockers. 500 to 700. $650617 6.75; fair do, 500 to 700, $6606.25; stock 1438; last week, heifers‘, $5605.50; milkers, large, young, medium age. $65@85; common milkers, $40@50; extra fancy, 310062110. Veal Calves. Receipts this week. 536; last week, 600: market steady. Best, $10@11; others, $7@9.50. Sheep and Lambs. Receipts this week, 7858; last week. 6720: sheep steady; lambs dull. Best lambs, $6.75@7; fair to good lambs, $6.25 @650; light to common lambs; $5.25@6; fair to good sheep, $3.75@4.25; culls and COmmon, $2.50@3. Hogs. Receipts this week. 4892; market 5c higher. Range of prices: Light to good butch- ers, $8.35@8.40; pigs, $7@7.50; mixed, $8@ 8.40; heavy, $8.25@8.40. Maple Syrup Makers, Thr- experience of thousands proves the Champion Evaporator ‘ 1 , 312.2213; 2:333:15 "m" ‘ 5179; last week, bility. It will save you labor. lime and fuel. Maberial and satisfac- t.on guaranteed. Write for catalog. stating number 0 trees you tip. Champion Evaporator 60., Hudson. 0. Write today for our free Trap. pers’ Book—tells you all about how to increase your catch, and inside facts about how to get the most money out of furs. Best book for trappers ever published” No up- to-datc tra pers can afford to be Without it. ' Ourco dential information 18 very valu- . able and will be sent to you_ monthly during the season—it means big money to trapper-s. All of the above free for the asking. Address _\ ,» ,JA.1 r? a 'p” 11’! 320 AC R E HOME STEADS 16 O ACRE HOMESTEAD!) u .r: CIYV . .N/ tips 320 ACRE HOMESTEADS There are still millions of acres of government land in Mon- tana to be homesteaded. It is good land, too— land that will grow from 30 % to 50 % more Wheat, Oats, Barley, Potatoes, etc, to the acre than the best cultivated farms in the Middle West and East — proved by U. S. Government crop reports. These homesteads in some counties are 160 acres and in others 320 acres each, adjacent to the new transcontinental railway. Homestead Residence Period Reduced A recent act of Congress reduces the period of residence on homestead land from five to three years and permits a five- months’ leave of absence each year. Your Opportunity Is Now Montana needs homesteaders—men with limited capital to take up sections of land and transform them by cultiva- tion into wealth producing areas. Grasp this opportunity for independence now—remember that the early settler catches the largest profits. Low round-trip homeseekers’ excursion tickets are on sale on certain dates via the CHICAGO Milwaukee & St. Paul RAILWAY H. W. STEINHOFF, D. P. A., 212 Majestic Building, - O. E. SHANER, Immigration Agent 750 Marquette Bldg. Detroit. Michigan. GEO. B. HAYNES General Passenger Agent CHICAGO Running Water in House and Barn at even temperature Winter or Sum— mer at Small Cost. runs FDS'A; for New. N .1»:r Squaw ‘3‘ w t. ‘ I‘f'lrif; you .0") n :1 ol It in actual use Do it New Acrmotcr 00., 1144 S. Campbcil AV.. Chicago Acrmotor 60.. 2d and Madison Streets, Oakland, HERTZLER a: 200K Portable Wood Guaranteed 1 year. Cheapest and hen —only .10 saw to which ripping table can be added. Operates easily. Got catalogue now and save money. No middleman's profit. We: 0 Zach 00.. Box 23 , Bdlevulc. 1’s. l2;;houy. Made also in four er sizes up to 5 12 shown are. , . 80 Days Free Trial .3“... ,3: may I saves in cream. on brin I Free cst- . slog folder and "direct-from~ actory" offer, / . ,, manufacturer and save half. [121 / ALBAUGH-DOVER CO. 2269 Marshall Blvd. CHICAGO ' and all other furs will be high this season. I trap ed from ' ’ X I. ABRAHAM . :21: ILHau' Sh, Dept. 160 Stmflo. 1890 to 1899, the year started in business and I know the SK U N K hardshigs a trapper has to go HIP OUR FURS thru to be successful. Why not _ this season to a man who understands the business from the trap line to the finished garment. I am that man and I want cu to have my free price lists which contain reliab 6 information and quotations that any man can understand at a glance. JAS. P. ELLIS, 35-37 Mill 81., Middletown, N. Y. Formerly 137-139 W. 29th St.. New York. WeWaanAY&.Sl_ll_A__W ' ~ fl _ We get the top price on consignments. make liberal advancements and prompt remittances. Dania] McCaiirey’s Sons Co. PITTSBURC, PA. Reference, Washington Trust Company. or any bank in city. GET READY FOR THE RAW FUR SEASON Mail us 3 ate] with your name and address now and we wil keep you posted on the Bow Fur Market. A. SUSKIND 8: CO. '59 wes‘ 24‘hs Stu, ' "I Yl GISVI WANTED-Competent and reliable working ‘mangfilrt for IaiodOl'zi dim-y farm. h ectves yon oonrc 0 men. {ginfihilseému Box 488. Detroit. Michigan. Potatoes. A plea. We pay highest market price for car 10 s. The I. L. Rlchmond c... Doll-on. Mlch. Responsible representatives wanted. Michigan White Cedar FENCE POSTS GEORGE M. CHANDLER. Onaway. Mich. FOR SALE—«At Olnrh’ston. Mich" 2 GASOLINE 0 ENGINES. Fairbanks Morse. 10 and 3.. H.P, in good working order. Cheap if taken at once. Address. 398 Helen Ave.. Detroit. MICI-L PORTLAND CEMENT PAVINGICO. Farms and Farm Lands For Sale —In whole or art.320 acre So th M" ‘ For Sale farm. 6. soil, buildingillangrilenclgflg§ per acre. 0.8. Schsirer. 214 Dewey Ave.. Swissville, Pa. IOHIGAN Potato. Fruit and Dalr F M and Terms to suit Purchaser. Wriyte gdiglfrggl’ill?g ture. ANDREWS 8: TUCK. Sidney. Michigan I _ _ 4 Farm at Auction 2%.‘555 01321;? B. F. GILLETT. n. 3. Eaton Rapids. Mich. ' ——Ricb, dry. riverside far I d, FOR SALE Gladwin 00.. Mich. 3720315; alfoig‘ivrgi’ Sec tracts, 88. ARNOLD, 614 W. 117 St.. Chicago, Ill. OR SALE—Extra good farm, 174V acre . 2 h F barns, silo. water. timber, orcha‘rd alfglfa. (1)1238; 13111111 and gravel ?oil. nfasr Jatcksonfiand electric car. conveniences ora p snsan . pro table 1- . H. 0. Richardson, 707 W. Washington, Jackflifl, with}: GASH FOR YOUR FARM I bring buyers and sellers to other. Write me if on want to buy. sell or trade. bli h d 1881. E. Cleveland. 948. Adams ExprossaBldsgf Chicugfalllllk. ~—Two-story. 9-room house, two la 148 Acres barns 24x40 and 36x50. APPLES? FEARS, CHERRIES. 3 MILES TO RAILROAD TO N. 34 mile to school. must go. $3300 art. osah‘ Hall‘s Farm Agency, Owezo. Tioga 0.. N. Y. BefiiiiT'PfllllllY 80 Truck Farms with nice homes. near Richmond. Send for our list. We have just what. you want. Address Cgsgelmgn 6: Co.. 1018 East Main St. Richmond. Va. MICHIGAN FARMING LANDS Near Saginaw and Bay City. in Gladwin and Midland Counties. Low prices: Easy terms: Clear title. Write for maps and particulars. STAFFELD BROTHERS. 15 Merrill Building. Saginaw, (W. 8.). Michigan, ' and unim rovedl d ‘ ' Fu‘lll. Farm: diver-sill tannin-:1 sill: 3387.931 licious fruits and ideal homes. For information address. State Board of Agriculture, Dover. Delaware. 2.000 manshasirresrrdszzisstzii mailed free. NEWELL A. KNAPP. Rochester. Ohio. FARMERS—We are Ipaying 5 cents above the nuclei ctr-cit Market for now- Isld shipped direct tone by express. W i for in omatlon. It. will pay you. American Butter Cheese 00.. 31-33 Griswold 81‘... Detroit. Hick. —8mall consignments from pro: , __ EGGS, Etc- ducers in Michigan bring cevry attractive prices. 9 Returns day 0 arrival. Refer to Don or Bradstreet. Zenith Butter h In 00.. 855-50 Greenwich St" low Yorh.l.Y. Ogomaw Co., Mich., Cut Over Hard Wood Lands. Adjacent‘to Rose City on D. it M. B. R. for sale cheap. For particulars address. JOCOB SCHWARTZ. Saginaw. Michigan. McClure - Stevens La n d C o. Succuson to A. .1. Stevens 71 Co. Established 1883. Farm. Fruit and Stock Lands. We own 20,000 acres of choice unimproved lands in Glsdwin and Clare counties. Sold on only payment... IntoroetG percent. Write for information. Gladwln. Michigan. 352-20 You’ re really dry Fish Brand Not a dressy "near" water - proof. but a roomy. comfort-givin service coat that wil protect you through thick and thin in the wettest weather. $3 .00 33.11:, I, We print plainly on every label ”I SATISFACTION G UARANT E E D and we mean it «OWERS ldenalified 6|: 5 am: A. .l. Tower C0,. 5‘ 2‘“, BOSTON FISH BRA!“ fret!“ og Tower Canadian Limited. Toronto LET US TAN YOUR HIDE. ' Cattle or Horse hide. Calf, Do Dee orany kind of skin with hair orzf‘ur 01:. We tan and llnleh them right : make them into coats (for men and women). robes.rugs oi' gloves when ordered. Yourfur goods will cost you less than to buy them, and be worth more. Our Illustrated catalog gives a lot of in- formation which every stock raiser should have, but we never semi out this valuable book except upon request. It tells how to take of! and care for hides: how and when we pay the lrelnht both ways a about our safe dyeing pro- cess which is a tremendous advantage to the customer, especially on horse hldea and call slrlno: about the fur goods and game trophies we sell. taxi- dermy. etc. If you want a copy send us your correct address. . . The Crosby Frisian Fur Company. a 571 Lyell Ave.. Rochester, N. Y. TRADE F, , Fix Your Roo You can make the old worn-out tin, iron, steel. felt or gravel roof give you as much service as a new roof and you can double the life of that old shingle roof. ROOF-Fl Cures Roof Troubles and keeps them cured. Cost slight. One coat does the work. In black and red. Ready for use. Absolutely guaranteed to do the work. Write at once for the free Roof Book. Address 6. E. CONKEY 00., 3333 Woodland Ave., Cleveland, Ohio. Phelps’ 1914 Storm Buggy AlaSavlng of $25 to $40 Phelps exceeded all previous ef- orts with his classy Split Htpkory Buggy. You_can ride in comfort—free from Wind, colduor storm. Double strength glass wm- dows—rubber cushioned—can’t rat- tie-can be opened on four aides H. c. PHELPS 80-Day. Guaranteed 2 """n' Road Test Free. 167,000 Phelps , customers to date. Mail. ‘ postal today for money saving offer. Address ’ ll. 0. Phelps. Pres. Station 82 Columbus. Ohio Special Introductory Price Now's the time to fix up that leaky roof. before winter,and while you can get Galvo brand Rubber Roofing at this specml introductory price. , \- Think a! it, .’ ,__, _ 108 square lost of the best one-ply 65c roollng ever made, per roll.................. REE Nails and cement Furnished Free F No Better Roofing At Any Price Galvo Brand Rubber Roofing will stand the test. No roof- ing made superior. It is quickly and easily put on to last. FULLY GUARANTEED. Will withstand any climate and weather. No special tools or experience needed to apply it. Any- one can lay it quickly and perfectly. Figure how much needed and send order in today. If heavier grade is wanted 108 Sq. Ft. Two ply 850 108 Sq. Fl. Three ply 81.06 We also handle a fine line of other roofing materials: Red and Green Slate and Flint Surfnosetc. Write for catalogs and prices. CENTRAL ROOFING It SUPPLY COMPANY 1501.1 8. Sang-men Si. Dept. 3| 7. Chicago. in, FALL PLANTING lS gliST‘igiigi’Jigiiiiiifii . r glidAp‘lgiiet's. nggla. ftfi'ogdtalogeggbngdlang cider $2: $3,111,532 Ernst Nurseries, Box 2, Moscow, 0. Pulverized Lime Rock an ship in carload lots in two days after ordor lsvvroed’eived from Muskegon and Benton Harbor. write for prices direct to you. LAKE SHORE STONE 00.. Mllweukee. Wis GUGUMBEH SHOWERS TAKE NflTIGE. fV sear and vicinity met in the Town gall bg’iiezisa‘iid lggally organized an association that shall be u E MICHIGAN CUOUMBER Any cucumber rower oorrespon with . 7,Vassar. Mich. k own as T GBOWERS ASSOCIATION. wishing further information ma I A A. SCOTT. Secretary. THE, MICHIGAN FARMER RESULTS OF FERTILIZING STRAW- BERRIES. A careful analysis of the relation of commercial fertilizers to the strawberry plant and its fruit thrOugh actual tests extending over three years, has been made b‘y the experiment station of Mis- souri, and the following paragraphs give the concluSions arrived at by the inves- tigators. It would be well for Michigan growers to compare these results with their own experience and observation. Acid phosphate used alone at the rate of from 150 to 440 pounds to the acre, has, in five trial soils out of six, given a. profitable increase in the crop. The one soil in which it was not profitably applied was a. much richer one than is generally used for strawberries. In six trials out of seven, acid phos- phate used in combination with either sodium nitrate or dried blood has increas- ed the yield over that obtained when either of these latter substances .was used alone. In the one case where it did not increase the yield, the fertilizer was ap- plied in the spring and the nitrogen caus- ed an exceedingly rank plant and weed growth so that little could be told as to the effects of the phosphorus. Acid phosphate used in combination with either sodium nitrate or dried blood has increased the yield over plots receiv- ing no fertilizer, in only two cases out of eight. Acid phosphate used in any practical quantities has no injurious effect on the plants, even when it is spread on the foliage. Potassium has in no case shown con— clusively any increase in the yield of strziwberi'ieS, neither has it apparently affected the color or quality of the fruit. Like sodium nitrote it is injurious to the plants when applied on the foliage in small quantities or near the plants in the soil, in large quantities. Nitrogen in the form of either sodium nitrate or dried blood, when applied in the spring before the crop is harvested, has in every case given very injurious resultS. It causes excessive plant and weed growth, and greatly reduces the yield of fruit. While the berries are larger, there are fewer of them and they are soft and have poor color and quality. “'hen the season is dry at picking time, the berries 0n plots fertilized with either sodium nitrate or dried blood wilt much worse than do those on unfertilized plots. Nitrogen either in the form of sodium nitrate or dried blood applied a year be- fore the crop is harvested has given an increased yield over unfertilized plots in only one trial out of nine. \Vhei‘e sodium nitrate or dried blood are applied in small quantities during early summer one year before the crop is harvested, they do not cause excel-‘sive plant or weed growth the fulmwing spring. However. when dried blood is applied, say 300 or 400 pounds to the acre, even a year before the crop is har- vested, it tends to cause excessive plant grewth, and to reduce the yield and cause the berries to wilt worse during droughts at picking time. The use of stable manure on the field at any time after the plants are set seems to have the same. injurious offer-t, though stable munui'e used on another crop a year or two before the land is set to berries seems to benefit the strawber- ries in some cases, at least. Sodium nitrate spread, even in small quantities, on the foliage or in Consider- able quantities in the Soil near the plzinl, will kill it. Dried blood does not have this harmful effect. COVERING POTATO PITS. Sometimes it is well, and even neces- sary, to place some of the Irish potato crop in a pit made above ground. This takes a great deal of dirt which has to be taken down- in the spring. When We are placing the straw on the pits we put just a little next to the potatoes then all the dirt that we think is necessary. Then very near to the outside We place a heavy layer of straw. This method keeps the potatoes well, we think. -“"hen uncovering time comes we take this out- side straw off with shovels then hitch to ’the bank scraper and haul the dirt gill"llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||||llllllllllllllllIll|lIlllllllllllllllllllllllIll!|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllE Horticulture.- duhuuuuuuuuuuuhnuuhuuuuuuuuhuuunuuuuuuuuuuuuuuumuuuufi down from the pits in a hurry. Two men, one scraper and a team, will uncover a large number of bushels in an hour. An- other help is to dig a trench in a well- drained location a couple of feet deep and about two and one-half feet wide, into which the potatoes are dumped. They are piled above the ground 16 or 18 inches and over this the straw and dirt are put. In such a pit three or four times the potatoes can be covered with the same amount of straw and dirt re- quired in the ordinary pit. Ohio. R. E. ROGERS. VEGETABLE GROWERS’ CONVEN- TION. The sixth annual meeting of the Vege- table Growers’ Association of America. was held at Toledo, 0., October 1—3. The attendance was fully up to former years. In the forenoon of the first day the mem— bers were welcomed by Mayor Brand “’liitlock and George Rogers, president of the Toledo Fruit and Vegetable Growers’ Association. In his annual address, President II. F. Hall urged centralization of effort. He thinks the association should decide up- one one or two definite lines of action and devote all its energies to that work. He suggested a campaign for larger mem- bership and the encouragement of co— operative Selling agencies, improved transportation facilities, uniform laws governing weights and measures. the or- ganization of local and state growers' as— sociations, co-opei'ation with the experi- ment stations and the U. S. Department of Agriculture. Prof. A. D. Selby spoke on “Plant Dis- eases.” Since soil sterilization has been practiced greenhouse men have been solv— ing their own problems to a large extent. Ageing culture, as well as intensive cul- ture, means increase in plant diseases. Before the advent of soil sterilization plant diseases were common and so ser- ious as to threaten crops. One of the most essential preventive means of com- bating plant diseases is to practice prop- er Sanitary methods. In the opinion of those present steam sterilization is prac- ticed more commonly than formaldehyde sterilization. Lettuce drop and rosette survive in the soil from one season to another as resting spores. The bacteria. of the fusarium wilt of tomatoes survives in the soil. Nematodes of cucumber and melons are carried over winter in the soil. Faulty nutrition may explain some unusual troubles, such as uneven ripen- ing of the inside and outside of tomatoes. For outdoor crop, sterilize soil in seed- bcd and rotate crop to keep free of soil infesting diseaseS. To overcome foliage diseases use Bordeaux mixture, except for mildew, for which lime and sulphur is to be preferred. Lime and sulphur are not effective on tumuloes and potatoes. Dr. \V. A. Orttm, of \Vasliington, D, C., talked on recent progress in control of plant diseases. The question as to wlietli— ei' celery covered with Bordeaux mixture is dangerous to cat has received consid— erable attention by the department. The concluSion reached was that it would re- quire the eating 0f 23 pounds of unwash- ed celery at one time to be at all dun- gei'ous. One important means of over- coming diseases with Sullle plants. such as bcans, for example, is to get seed from disease resistant plants. Much good is being accomplished through the co-oper- ution 0f the Federal Horticultural Board and the U. S. Plant Pathologists in the mutter of keeping dangerous new (liti— ouses from being introduced into this country. In the discussion it was stated that in the case of celery blight spraying, to be effective, must begin before there is much development of the disease. Sprayed cel- cry will keep better in storage than un— sprayed. Dr, Orton said it is uncertain whether celery rust spores varry over in the soils. Report from parts of New York, Pennsylvania, Michigan and Ohio indicate an average crop of late celery except at Kalamazoo and some places in Ohio where the crop is Short. Prof. Forbush showed and told how es- sential birds are in keeping the insects under control. By supplying a few sim- ple bird houses and doing a. little feeding in winter he showed how easy it is to get beneficial birds to gather about the home, orchard, and garden. OCT; 11, 1913. Prof, Gossard gave an illustrated lee- ture on “Insect Life." Besides using in- secticides judiciously he advocated en- couraging the development of natural en- emies. When in doubt as to the identity of any insect send specimens to the ex- periment station for identification. “Co-operation was the subject for con— sideration Thursday forenoon. C. W. Waid called attention to the fact that there has been a decided change in the feeling among gardeners as a class relative to co-operation. Twenty—five years ago it was an unknown quantity, today local organizations are quite common. Com- munications were read from several or- ganizations in which was stated some- thing of the work ac00mplished and the methods used. Judging by the experi- ence of these organizations, successful co-operation requires some definite, well defined object. If the organization is a selling agency it should be established on a business basis with sufficient capital to properly take care of the business and with a competent, paid manager at the head of it. There should also be a care- ful system of inspection. Above all, a. spirit of co-operation among the entire membership is essential, Some of the things which co-operative organizations may have as their object are sociability; educational purposes; leg- islative matters; to better approach city officials on certain questions; to lease, rent or purchase market places or stalls; to buy supplies; to sell produce; co-ope-r- ation with the U. S. Department of Agri- culture and the State experiment sta- tions; to advertise their produce; to 0p- pose anything which may be to their detriment and to encourage anything which will benefit the growers as aclass. Prof, Paul \Vork, of Cornell University, Spoke on “Local and State Organiza- tions." He said the value of the vege- table products of the l‘nite-d States in 1910 was $417,000,000, while that of all other horticultural products was about two and one-quarter million dollars, and tree fruits $140,000,000. This industry is not going to decreaSe in extent. Selling organizations must be built from the bot- tom. If we need the help we must de- mand it. Experiment stations must be urged to do more for the vegetable grow- er. The Connecticut state organization has asked the experiment station to put a man on their staff to work for the market gardeners’ interests. Friday morning Dr, Coffey, of the Ohio Experiment Station gave a talk on ”Soils." He said that many people- con- Sidered dirt too common to betworthy of study. The soil is a living medium in which activities are always present. The low forms of life found in the soil are de- pendent on organic matter for their food. The moisture supply of the soil is often the governing factor in crop production. Of the ten elements necessary for plant growth seven come from the- soil and three from the air; we must fertilize soil as well as crop. Growers should endea- Vor to select varieties and strains of veg- etables suitable to the soil in use. In the discuSSion Prof. Lazenby suggested that it might be a good plan for this and oth- er organizations to ask the railroad offi- cials to ship fertilizers free to encourage increased freights on crops. It was re- ported that they ship manure out of St. Louis at a low rate. Mr. Thompson, of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, talked on “ Muck Soils for Gl‘cenlwut‘c.” In a test carried on at the department last SO‘IStin pure muck taken from the East Limi. N. Y., muck fields gave a better yfe‘d of lettuce and cauliflower than any other combination of sells used. Muck added to the regu- lar greenhouse soil increased the- yield of lettuce in every instance. Several prac- tical growers told of having used muck successfully in the forcing of vegetables. \V. J. litterskzimp, of Princeton, Ind., was elected president; H. F. Thompson, of Massachusetts, vice-president; Samuel \V. Severance, of Louisville, Ky., secre- tary, and M. L. Ruetenik, Cleveland, 0., treasurer. Permanent committees were provided as fOlIOWS: (1) Transportation; (2) next meeting place; (3) membership; (4) pub- licity; (5) nomenclature and new Varie- ties; (6) weights and measures, The Vegetable and Fruit Growers’ As- sociation and Business Organizations of Toledo provided most excellent facilities for holding the meeting and the very best of entertainment. The sessions were well attended until the very last. There was a small but excellent exhibit of veg- etables put up by the Toledo Market Gardeners. The meeting was one of the best the association has held and the fu- ture for the organizations looks bright. 4-.“ W“ .._ «A< aua-na. “__.w‘. ll""" OCT. 18, 1913. lllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllmlllilllillllllllllllfi E .‘J a" Veterinary. E so;llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll—EIF; CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. s. Advice through this department is free to our subscribers. Each communication should state binary and, symptoms of the case in full; also name and address of. writer. Initials only Will be published. Many queries are answered that apply to the same ailments. If this column is watched carefully you will probably find the desired information in a reply that has been made to someone else. \Vhen reply by mail is requested, it becomes private practice, and a fee of $1.00 must accompany the letter. Occult Spavin Lameness.—I have an eight-year-old horse that has what is called a blind spavin; he was affected in same joint two years ago and the treat- ment I gave him seemed to effect a cure. Can anything be done that will effect a permanent cure? L. F., Grand Rapids, Mien—There are two causes for spavin. one hereditary predisposition, the other exciting, such as concussion, sprain or injury of some kind to hook point. In the treatment of spavin it is important to give the horse absolute rest in order that the diseased portion of joint may anchylose and unite into a solid; other- wise, a recovery does not take place. Ap- ply one part red diodide mercury and eight parts cerate of cantharidcs every ten days. After the blister ceases to act. apfly vaseline, instead of lard to soften scabs before they are washed off. Shoulder LanieiiesS——Stiff Neck—I have a horse 22 years old that went, Lime in left shoulder some two months ago. \\'as able to use him for five weeks, but for the past three weeks he has been unfit for use. The muscles of neck are stiff making it difficult for him to put head down. A. C. Schoenhalz, Hamburg, Mich.——Mix together equal parts turpen- tine, aqua ammonia and raw linseed oil and apply to shoulder and rigid muscles of neck every day or two. An abr