voncxu. No. 19. i

Whole Number 3668.





 





The Only Weekly Agricultural,





a,





I” 74”, /W





 





 





Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, NOV. 8, 1913.





 





50 CENTS A YEAR.

82 FOR 5 YEARS.





ittleStories About Big Farmers.





How One Young Man Launched Into a Successful Truck Farming Business.





HOI’LD you happen to be the owner

S of anold swamp pasture and notice



a mysterious stranger driving cattle

through your vicinity you may have cause

to be alarmed. If he drives up to your

farm and talks about renting your pas-

ture a few days the chances are he in-

tends to steal your land. One Orleans

county New York farmer was the victim

of a smooth, young drover who rented his

pasture to allow his cattle to recuperate.

When it. was time to drive the cattle





[along he threw the owner of the land into





the throes of surprise by offering him $24

per acre for the swamp land. It required

but little talking to close the deal.



Amazement became epidemic in the

neighborhood when it was rumored that a.

young drover, by the name of Austin, had

bOught the old swamp and made plans to

import 6,000,000 pollywogs as the founda-

tion for. a herd of French bull frogs, and

the old swamp was to be a breeding farm.

“Those yOung fellows will be importing a.

flock of Jersey skeeters next to furnish

food for their peSky bull frogs and then

we 01d residents will have to get out.”

remarked “Squire" Martin, as he witness-

ed to signing of the deeds which trans-

ferred the property to F. \V. Austin.



This incident merely suggested that if

you have a few acres of swamp land do

not sell it until you know something‘con-

cerning its value. Years ago farmers re-

garded low swamp land as practically

worthless; merely a breeding place for

mOSquitoes and bull frogs. Today fortunes

running into inestimab'ie millions are be—

ing harvested from the bottom of these

rich swamps. Instead of being looked up-

on as waste land, truck growers find it

of the greatest value in growing highly

organized vegetable crops. Commercially

much of this swamp land is acquiring a

standard value of from $500 to $1, 000 per

acre.



In about five years of agricultural wo?k,

visiting many successful farms, the one

observation that impressed me the most

was a visit to the truck farm operated by

Mr. Austin. To become better acquainted

with 'the farm and understand what the

young man has done with it, one must

know something of the man himself.

When a boy he worked on farms and for

produce dealers; then he became a cattle

buyer. He made some money, but dis-

covered that he was in a. game where the

expenses were eating up the profits. To

compete with other buyers he had to be

content with relatively small profits. But

his bump of shrewdness was developed at

a rate that put bigger ideas 11'1 his head.

His days were spent searching for cattle

and his nights driving them, figuring and

planning. It was a mighty good school in

studying human nature, meeting business

problems and mastering them. But he

was not content with a drover’s life; he

wiShed to get into something Where the

profits were. larger and where he could be

at home more of the time. Finally it

dawned upon him that farming was the

business in which these objections were

fewest; he decided to become a farmer.

Oneof his friends was making a great

success on reclaimed marsh land. He

searched widely to find some swamp land

of a silimar nature. Eventually he found

the old swamp he had dreamed about.

"Here," confesses Mr. Austin, “I had to

use ‘3. little strategy in approaching the

owner of the swamp regarding the pur-

chase. Finally, we closed the deal at $24

per acre.. My shipment ofvpollywogs was





lost in transit so I decided to clear and

drain the land and raise vegetables.

“The first problem was to secure the

capital necessary to develop the property.

I had undertaken a propOSition too big to

handle with my resources. I interested

some of my friends; We organized the

Medina Vegetable Company and began

business. It cost us about $150 per acre

to clear and drain the land, but by getting

some. of it in shape to produce crops, we

have been able to clear and drain other

fields at times when our help and teams





land is cleared sheep are used to clean

out the weeds and small sprouts'. The

close grazing puts the land in good shape

to be, plowed. Mr. Austin, who still has

a fondness for stock, drove to the further

end of the farm to show me his flock of

weed exterminators and sprout killers. He

said: "Four years ago I bought 300 sheep,

nearly all with lame for $3.50 per head,

about 400 lambs have been sold at from

$3 to $5 per head, about 200 old sheep at

$4.50 per head and 80 ewes are left. Pret—

ty good profits in View of the fact that I





 





A Big Field of Celery Growing on a Reclaimed Swamp Truck Farm.





were not busy with the crops. This plan

of clearing and draining the land at

times of the year when our help and teams

were not busy has worked so nicely that

we are trying to buy some of the adjoin-

ing land at $250 per acre. I have put in

about five years of strenuous work get-

ting things or'ganized, but we are getting

in a position to make some money from

the farm this year.”



The drainage of this muck land is pro-

vided by open ditches that flow into a.

deep main ditch which has a fall of eight

feet to the mile. The first year after the





have used them to clean up the land and

utilize waste feeds.”



All the land is plowed in the fall; the

aeratiOn of the soil and freezing and

thawing during the winter and 'spring

tends to dissolve the peat into muck more

rapidly than when the land is plowed in

the spring. In plowing muck land a steel

mouldboard plow cleans better than the

chilled iron. Potatoes are the first crop

planted on the new land; the yield varies

from 100 to 300 bushels per acre under

the same soil, tillage and fertilizer con-

ditions. Mr. Austin uses but little lime.





 





 





 





 





Sorting Carrots to the Quality Demandedrby a Discriminatlng Market.





He uses a complete high grade fertilizer

carrying four per cent nitrogen, eight per

cent potash and seven per cent phos—

phoric acid which costs iim per ton in

carload lots. By spending $10 to $15 more

per acre for the high—grade fertilizer the

crops start better, make better growth

and mature earlier than is the case when

only potash, or potash and phosphoric acid

is applied. The cost of 1,600 to 2.000 lbs.

of fertilizer being relatively .1 small item

compared with the cost of preparing the

ground, seeding, cultivating, harvesting

and marketing the crops.



Mr. Austin has had many obstacles to

overcome It cost $2.500 to build a stone

road from the farm to the state road. The

cold storage plant in Medina cost about

$30,000, but considerable of the space is

rented to fruit growers and commission

dealers who operate in that section. Mr.

Austin figures that storage and shipping

facilities should represent from 20 to 30

per cent of the investment. He said:

“\Ve couldn’t run our business success-

fully without our storage house. Some--

times it is impossible to get cars when

we want them, besides by holding the

produce it is many times possible to get

much better prices than would be the case

if we had to put it on a glutted market. So

many small truck growers have to move

their produce as soon as it is harvested

that it has a demoralizing effect upon the

fall and early winter markets. I wouldn’t

invest ten dollars in a truck farm unleSS

I had storage facilities for my produce.”



Four acres of land is equipped with ov-

erhead irrigation and used chiefly to start

young plants and test out the merits of

close culture of celery. Next year the

system is to be extended to an adjoining

six acres which will be used for the close

culture of the celery crop. \Vithout the

irrigation it would be very difficult to

grow young plants. \Vith plenty of water

the cost of starting the celery plants does

not exceed $20 per hundred thousand. The

watcr is pumped from springs on the farm

by gasoline cngincs.



At the farm is a large shed where the

vegetables are gathered, graded and pack-

ed A machine cuts the tops off and runs

the onions into crates, doing tile work of

about eight men. The il‘ isn'atiru shows

the Italians at work biggii; g cairots for

market; each bag contains 1011 pounds and

has the firm's name attatrnd Mi Aus-

tin recognizes the i'aci tl1.:: when a crop

is ready for market. the Work of packing





and grading is an important item; that

produce of good quality, well grown,

properlv paukul and gladed, with the





grower’ s name on the pack rec strengthens

the market and increases the demand fOr

his particular product. In the large city

markets quality and individuality usually

commands a premium.



In discussing the various

and varieties. Mr. Austin said: “YVe find

that the Yellow (llobor Danver onion is.

the best adapted to our soil and climate.

\Ve buy our seed of a friend of mine who

has Spent several 3ea1‘s in perfecting a.

high yielding stiain of this \aiiety of on-

ions which will exccl in y eld. quaity.

size, color and general appearance. “’0.

have~lost thOusands 0f dollars experiment-

ing with poor seed, and find that the only

satisfactory way of getting good seed is

to buy it frOm men who conduct a rigid





crops, yields





selection of specimens from which they

produce seed. Onions yield about 800

bushels to the acre on this farm and





prices average about 60 cents per bushel.





. new» ~1—
THE. MICHIGAN FARMER





NOV. 8, 1913.





 





 





 





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' market varieties for our conditions.





We grow about 40 cars of Bigger Big Bos-

ton lettuce and find it one of the best

The

prices average about $1 per box. The

Golden Heart Self-blanching celery is the

best variety of celery. This year’s crop





'.wili be about 50 carloads of about 200





crates to the car. Most of our sales have

been at $2 per crate. Carrots are one of

our best crops. This year’s‘ crop aver-

aged 1,200 bushels per acre on 20 acres.

The average prices are about $10 per ton.

All of our celery and carrot seed comes

from France; we have tried the Danish

seed but the results have been unsatis-

factory. Next year we will have 80 acres

of onions, celery, lettuce and carrots. This

year we only had 65 acres under cultiva-

tion to these crops; the sales will amount

to more than $50,000. Most of the produce

is shipped to New York, Philadelphia and

Boston, although we have sold a number

of cars of celery to Chicago and other

western buyers."



All of the help employed on this form

are Italians. Mr. Austin said: “The Ital-

ians are the best laborers I can get for

the trucking buSiness. I have tried out

all kinds of help. but I can take my gang

of Italians and do more work in a season

than I can with any other laborers. They

are the best men I have ever had for

grubbiiig, ditch digging and opening up a

piece of land. I have worked with these

men five years and in this way we have

become quite familiar with their lan-

guage, so I have obviated in a. measure

the trouble of having them do just the

opposite of what I tell them to do. As a.

whole, my experience with Italian help

has been very satisfactory indeed, and I

would advice anyone who cam get a good

man from the north of Italy to get him,

and I believe that when you can make

him understand what you want, you will

be satisfied with his labor. He is one of

the most faithful, conscientious laborers

we have; and, although he may be a lit-

tle suspicious at first, as soon as you gain

his confidence he will trust you implicitly.

I think it is a wise thing to get more of

the Italian labor out into the country.

They will come if people will build them

little houses. rciit hem two or three acres

of land and give them employment.”



It requires both practical and scientific

knowledge to achieve success on a big

truck farm. One must be practical, in-

teligenl and ambitious, giving clue im-

portancc to climate, location, soil. mois-

ture, seed. fertilizer, cultivation and mar-

keting problems. The tendency of the

times is toward specialization, as vegeta-

bles can be produced at less cesl per

acre when grown in large quantities. Such

a grower is recognized in the market, and

his produce sought for by buyers. Fur-

thermore. when grown in this way the

crops reach a higher degree of perfection,

due to a more thorough knowledge of their

needs and careful attention to culture

than is possible where a. wide variety of

crops, each needing special care, are

grown. Celery, lettuce, onions, and car-

rots well packed and sold in carload lots

will sell readily at good prices, while poor

truck, improperly packed in small quan-

tities, goes begging at prices which pay

no profit to the growers. Mr, Austin has

combined the practical with the scientific;

he is a successful truck grower.



New York. W. MILTON KELLY.





 





INSTEAD OF FALL PLOW-

ING.



For the past two years I have disked

my corn grOuiid for oats, instead of fall

plowing, as has been my custom for a.

number of years. Last year my yield of

outs was 53 bushels per acre This year

the yield was 40 bushels per acre, which

was about as good as the average in this

Section, as this season was not as favor-

able for oats as it was last. \Vhile it is

hard to tell whether the yield of cats

would have been any better, if the land

had been fall plowed, yet I believe there

is an advantage in fall plowing on such

Soil as my farm is composed of, as the

subsoil is clay, and by plowing quite deep

in the fall, and mixing an inch or two of

the clay subsoil with the top surface, it

seems to have a beneficial effect on the

wheat which is sown in the fall after the

cats. And when plowing the oat stubble

for wheat it is easier to plow to a fair

depth when the same land had been fall

plowed, than when the oats were sown

when a disk was used. Anoth’er'advan-

tage in fall plowing. there is less weeds

in the cats, and less corn stubble on the

Surface to bother the drill. So far as

labor is concerned in fitting the seed bed,

I cannot say that there is very much dif-

lfei‘ence. This season I have gone back





DISKING





 





 





 





to the practice of fall plowing for the

spring oat crop.





Ottawa Co. JOHN JACKSON.





 





FARM NOTES.





The King System of Ventllation.





I would like to ask a few questions re-

garding the King System of ventilation

in barns. Should the air intakes be on

the inside of the barn or on the outside?

I am compelled to put the fresh air in-

takes on the west and east ends of my

barn (36x70), for I have an 8-ft. concrete

wall on the north side, and the south side

is completely filled with windows and

doors—no place for an intake. On the

west end of the barn there is a 4-ft. con-

crete wall. What should I do here? Have

the intake start near the ground on the

Outside, run it into the barn just above

the wall and then extend It to the ceiling

on the inside. or run the intake up on

the outside of the barn and have it come

in just below the ceiling? How many in-

takes do I need and how large, when the

ventilator fines are 18 inches in diameter

and nearly 50 feet high? There are two

Hues—one on each end of the barn. I

have 19 head of cattle and six horses. Do

you think these are sufficient?



Oakland Co. H. R. J.



It makes no difference whether the air

intake ilues are located on the outside or

the inS'ide of the ham or in the wall it-

self, so long as the aperture into the Sta-

ble is a sufficient amount higher than

that on the Outside of the stable to pre-

vent the warmer air of the stable from

passing down through it. In some cases

where double windows are used in abuse-

ment stable the intake fiues are made in

the casing between the windows, and

fines of this kind seem to answer every

purpose. It is better, however, to have

the intake fiues on two or more sides of

the stable. in order that those on the side

from which a strOng wind is blowing may

be closed or partially closed during very

cold weather, although this is not essen-

tial if they are properly constructed. This

would be less essential if the intake fiues

extended nearly to the ground on the out-

side than if they opered on the outside

above the four-foot wall and on inside of

the stable at or near the ceiling, although

this latter arrangement would be quite as

efficient as where the intake flues are

located in the window casings. The in—

takes should have an aggregate capacity

equaling the capacity of the outtake fine,

and the proper capacity of the‘ outtake

flue will depend upon its height as well

as upon the number and kind of animals

kept in the stable. Prof. King laid down

the rule that where the outtake flue has

a- height of 30 feet, the aggregate capa-

city of outtake and intake flues should

provide not less than 30 sq. inches per

head for horses and cattle. Each 10 feet

.more or less in height, within reasonable

limits, is estimated to make a. difference

of six square inches in needed capacity

’per head. Supposing the outtake fiues to

be 40 feet high, to measure up to Prof.

King‘s standard, 24 Square inches in cross

section capacity would be required for

Pat‘h animal, or a total cross section area.

of 576 square inches for the 25 animals

to be kept in this stable. Supposing the

two outtake fines of 18 inches diameter

are square, they would have a total cross

section area of 324 square inches, or a

little lees than two-thirds the ideal for

perfect ventilation as described by Prof.

King. There is no doubt, however. that

with ventilating ilues‘ of this capacity a

stable would be ventilated much better

than would be possible by means of any

other system of ventilation without t00

great a lowering of the temperature of

the stable. In case the two flues already

in do-not prove adequate, another can be

added later.



Methods of Handling the Spraying Mlx-

ture for Potatoes.



While the matter is fresh in the minds

of all, I shall be grateful for the experi-

ences of others, who have actually used

Bordeaux mixture on large areas of pota—

toes, regarding the easiest way of having

handy in the field and of getting the Bor-

deaux into the 50—gallon horse sprayer.

Where one is spraying 12 to 15 acres a

day the having the spray handy in the

field or of returning frequently to the

house for it, is quite a problem. Would

also like experiences relative to putting

Bordeaux into horse sprayer most easily

if hauled to field in tank.



Otsego Co. R. D. B.



The writer has found it most convenient

to prepare the Bordeaux from stock mix-

tures at each filling of the sprayer, ad-

ding water in the field to fill the sprayer.

The stock mixture is made by dissolving

the copper sulphate in water, making a.

saturated solution. which will be about

three pounds of the copper sulphate to a

gallon of water. The lime is slaked to

the form of a thick paste. A cask of each

ingredient is put upon a platform wagon.

together‘ with several barrels of- water

and driven to the field. In filling the





Sprayer sufficient of the lime is diluted





,with about half enough water‘to fill the





sprayer tank a the required amount of

the copper sulphate solution is added by

measure, then sufficient water is added to

fill the sprayer. We have found this to

be the most satisfactory method under

our conditions, but as the inquirer states.





this would be a good time for an exchange.





of experienlces on this subject through

the columns of The Farmer, to the end

that we may get at the easiest method of

accomplishing this task next season.

Eradicatlng ereworms.



Will you advise me as to the best time

to plow a 10-acre field which until last

spring had been sod for 10 or 12 years?

I raised a. fair crop of beans and pots.-

toes, also some garden truck on it this

year, but had to harvest it\early as the

Wireworms were beginning to destroy the

crop. What would be the best crop for

next seaSon that the worms would be

least apt to destroy? I would like to SOW

barley on it next season but was afraid





the worms would destroy it. The soil is

clay loam.

Sanilac Co. E. E. S.





Late fall plowing will aid in eradicating

wireworms, since the larvae are thus left

more exposed to unfavorable soil and

weather conditions and fewer of them

survive the winter. As to crops which

are best to grow on infested ground,

those which are distasteful to the pest,

such as buckwheat as a grain crop, or

rape sown for pasture, will suffer less

from their ravages. The land should be

cropped at least three seasons to thor-

oughly eradicate this pest, as it requires

that length of time for the insect to com-

plete its life cycle. After the pest is once

eradicated greater freedOm from its rav—

ages will be secured if the land is devot—

ed to a comparatively short crop rotation.



Old vs. New Beans for Seed.



Would you please tell me if beans

grown in 1912 would do to plant in 1914?



Sanilac Co. A. V.



There is no doubt that beans of good

quality grown in 1912 would germinate

and give reasonably strong plants if plant-

ed in 1914, provided they had been kept

under favorable conditions. But good

sound new seed of all kinds is to be pre-

ferred to that which has been kept over

from one season to another, othercondi-

lions being equal. ‘

MARKET REQUIREMENTS IN BALED



HAY.





 





In your issue of August 16, on page

127, there is a letter from I. J. Mathews,

of Ingham county, on baliiig and market-

ing hay. AlthOugh this answer is long

delayed I wish to comment on some

points of his letter which I consider ex-

ceedingly weak and not based on facts.



Mr. Mathews said the south used large

bales and the east small. I have made

a special study of this point and know

that the reverse is true. He also said

that hay put up in small bales with small

feeds were more marketable than large

ones. This statement to me is very much

like saying that they don't know anything

about their business when they offer from

fifty cents to two dollars a ten more for

the same grade of hay put up in large

bulcs with large feeds.



My uiidersuinding of the matter is that

the eastern dealer pays more for the large

bales because he knows that they are or-

dinarily made in a box press that takes

large feeds, and the hay is not so badly

broken, as the larger the feed the less it

is broken.



Another point in favor of the large bale

is, that with the ordinary form of bale.

the larger it is the less surface ‘will be

exposed to bleaching and discoloring, that

is, in proportion to the amount of hay in

the bale.



His talk about a press feed being just

enough for a horse is a little flimsy when

we know that one man will feed three

times as large a. feed as another.



In many parts of the country alfalfa is

fast becoming the leading hay. It is a

well knowu fact that the leaves and blos-

soms Of this hay are the best part 'of the

food, and that these shatter off extremely

easy. To separate it into small feeds

means in a greater degree the loss of the

best parts of the food. Therefore, the

man that wants to feed stock should cer-

tainly insist that the alfalfa he buys

should be baled with large feeds.



Illinois. J. A. SPENCER.





 





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The, book is character»,





 





 





 





 





 





I:
'worry so much about weeds.





NOV. 8, 1913.





son. AND FERTILIZER QUESTIONS.





 





Compostlng Manure and Weeds.



Manure drawn direct' from the barn and

Spread on the field will cause more foul

stuff to grow. Now, what I want to

know is, whether there is enough differ-

ence in the two kinds of manure as a

fertilizer to balance the cost of labor to

destroy the weeds? It is an evident fact

that something will have to be done to

destroy the weeds, as I don’t think a.

crop will grow in the weeds, as it has

been demonstrated to me this summer.



Shiawassee Co. L. T. V.



I certainly tried to make it plain in a.

former issue of the paper that I did not

believe in composting manure. I certainly

don’t think it will pay any farmer to

compost manure for an ordinary practice.

The manure would have to be very care-

fully and thoroughly composted in order

to destroy the weed seed, and I don’t be-

lieve they would all be destroyed anyway.

Again I don’t think that L. T. V. need

There is no

trouble in getting rid of weeds on a farm.

You can destroy weeds just as well as

you can grass. We plow down a meadow

covered thick with grass and by cultiva-

tion kill all of it, and so we can plow

down a crop of weeds and by cultivation

kill them all. There is no use in worrying

about weeds; there is nothing about them

to worry about. Of course. they are a.

nuisance ‘and many times we don‘t like to

keep cutting them up. file like to have

clean fields of intertillage crops and that

sort of thing, but some weeds persist in

growing. Ilowever, good thorough cultiva-

tion and a good rotation of crops Will

keep down any and all kinds of Weeds so

that they are no particular bother. Don’t

be afraid of weeds. Professor Beal used

to tell us at the Agricultural College that

weeds sometimes were good things; if it

wasn’t for the weeds people would not

cultivate as often as they ought to to get

the best reSults. ’l‘he weeds make them

do this or they would destroy the crops,

and I think he was right.



I should say, draw the manure out as

fast as it is made andspread it on the

land where you want it. Then you save

the manure with as little loss as possible.

As I explained before, sometimes it is ab-

solutely impossible to draw this manure

out and spread it on the land. The land





is so soft that you can’t get onto it, or,





the snow is too deep, or something of that





sort. Sometimes: in the summer time the





summer accumulation of manure lC‘illlllOt‘





be spread on the ground, because the

ground is covered with crops. In such in-

stances as thew. then, a compost heap is

admissible and the manure can be drawn

out and put in a large pile in some con-

venient place out of the way and then

just as soon as the opportunity comes so

that one can do so, spread it on the land

and get it where you want it.

, Variation in Corn Plants.



Will you please tell me through your

paper what causes large stalks and not

so large ears accordingly and perhaps

Within four feet Will be a small stalk with

a large car. Is it something the soil is

lacking? Also, how would it be to plow

ground and sow on phosphate in the fall

for oats the following spring?



Lapeer Co. J. R. M.



All living things, both plants and ani-

mals, vary. There are no two living things

exactly alike. In reproduction of living

things, both plants and animals, there is

none of the progeny exactly like the par-

ents. There is always something just a

little bit different. In fact. all the chance

there is for improvement almOst in breed-

ing is this great law of variation. Plants

vary. Animals vary. The skill of the

breeder is manifest in selecting variations

which are improvements on the parents

and then propagating these superior in—

dividuals.



Besides the ordinary variation which

We see on every hand, s0metimes we have

abrupt variations, which are called sports

or mutantS. Sometimes these mutants

are a great improvement upon the indi-

vidual and sometimes they are the re-

verse. Now it is up to the breeder to

select when you have a mutant, which is

a sudden or marked variation from the

origirlhl, that is superior to the original, to

try and perpetuate it. This is more eas-

ily done in plants than it is in animals.



Now to get down to the question, why

one plant of corn grows large with a

small ear and only a. few feet from that

another plant smaller has a larger ear,

nobody can tell the reason. That is be-

yond human knowledge. The probability

is that it is not in the soil. The proba-

bility is that the soil was practically the

same and contains the same plant food.

This variation comes from the inherited

peculiarities of the plant. Mr. Burbank

I think Would tell us that where some

stalks of corn grew large with small ears





it would show that in the previous history

D





THE MICHIGAN yFARMER





of this corn it had grown under certain

conditions which favored the growth of

stalk rather than the growth of ears.

Since then it perhaps has been grown

under different conditions, conditions

whch favored the growth of ears and not

so much stalk, and this cropping out of

this tendency is this inherited character-

istic. If you select your seed from these

kind of stalks you might improve the va-

riety of corn for ensilage, but you w0uld

not for yield of ears, and the reverse if

you select the other kind. .

Applying Fertllizer In the Fall.



I don’t think it would pay to apply fer-

tilizer in the fall. Fertilizer is concen-

trated soluble plant food and I wouldn’t

apply it until I was ready to sow the crop

or nearly ready. It is all right to apply

it a week before.



COLON C. LILLIE.





Tile Draining a Swamp.





As I intend to do some tile draining

next spring, I would like to ask a few

questions. In draining a. swamp how

QIOSe should the tile drain be laid to the

higher ground? Also are cement tile last-

ing? I have a cement tile machine and

intend to make them myself. Is four to

one about right? Any other suggestions

you can give me in making and laying

them will be greatly appreciated.



Tuscola Co. SUBSCRIBER.





Subscriber should lay out his under-

drain about three rods from Outside of his

swamp. This should catch water coming

from upland after hard "scuds.” Even

if a swamp be well drained the danger

of damage to a crop is greater on the

outside, because at times, the water rush-

es down pell mell into the swamp. Gen-

erally speaking, muck will absorb nearly

its bulk of water. \Vater will run through

muck quickly. \Ye think an underdrain

laid out three feet deep around the swamp

and one through the center would be sat-

isfactory, if it contained from four to six

acres; perhaps lateral drains for certain

low places would be necessary.



Subscriber has an experimental task.

should he try tile making. Cement made

four to one would generally do; however.

it is a cut and try task. Cement tile has

to be cured as well as made. His tile

should be at least five inches, and six

inches wOuld do better work. Muck land

is generally flat and larger tile should be

used to make up the loss of proper fall.



Laying Tile in Quicksand.



I would like to know if quicksand or

white sand SubSOil can be tile drained

without filling up the tile. I have about

five acres of low land that has about a

foot of black top soil and below that it is

quicksand or white sand. I was thinking

of laying two four—inch tile and want to

know if that would drain it without fill-

ing up. Could you give me the average

cost of four-inch tile?



Ottawa Co.





DRAINAGE PROBLEMS.





SUBSCRIBER.



Tile laying in quicksand is the most

difficult kind of under draining. Chose a

dry time for the work. \‘Vater in sand is

the chief source of trouble. Undoubtedly

there will be caving conditions, and tile

will have to be laid up grade. Have the

county surveyor, or someone doing such

work, lay out the drain. Then when it

caves in you will know the proper grade

by using targets.



It would seem better to have a six-inch

tile for the outlet, running some into low

ground about four rods, then keeping this

distance in with four-inch tile each way

around. This, however, depends on the

form of land to be drained. A drain

through the center of a round piece, with

laterals, would not be as effective for the

reas0n that the overflow would seep in

quicker if drained around.



Drain tile vary in price. Six-inch tile

from 60 to 70 cents; four-inch from 30 to

40 cents a. rod.



Lapeer Co.



“If some of these foreigners would get

out on farms they would do better. and

the cities would be a lot better off,” R.

E. Culver, a farmer of Missouri, re-

marked as he, stood in a railway station

in Chicago a few days ago, as he watch-

ed a group of Italian immigrants. “It

does not take a big farm to make money.

All one has to do is to uSe whatever land

he can get. The thing to do is to build





it up by putting all the waste back on

the land.” Then Mr. Culver told how he

has made a run-down farm of only 100

acres pay for itself in five years, besides

supporting his family and adding im-

provements that have doubled the value

of the farm. “I haVe 14 pure-bred Jersey

cows that bring me in $15 a week. I feed

them all the grain and hay they will eat.

and bed them in fresh straw every night.

All the feed is grown on the farm. I

keep hogs also. These, with mules and

chickens. eat all the feed grown. I nev-

er put corn on a field but one year. I

follow it with small grain. I bought the

land for $50 an acre, and recently re-

fused__$g0_ an»acre for it.”





DITCHER.





 





 





 





 





 





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THE SOUTH BEND WATCH CO” 11 MarkeiSt., South Bend,lnd.





 





t0wn. He’ll explain to you why

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SEE HIM FIRST!





Before the fertilizer salesman arrives, go to your dealer and explain to him that

. you will not buy 2 per cent. goods that contain only 40 pounds of Potash

Show. him that modern, profitable fertilizers contain from

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Write us for Free Book with



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Write for prices.

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42 Broadway, New York





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Write for cata-





 





 





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renewal. Be sure to use





UNIVERSAL 2‘3; “3;;





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um writing advertisers natio- Iicblul I'm





THE MICH'IGAN FARMER





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Practical





 





[i





   





MANURES AND FERTILIZERS.





 





BY FLOYD w. RomsoN.

The Compost Heap.



In discussing the various methods of

the disposal of farm manures and the

utilization of waste products, we have

mentioned, somewhat briefly it is true,

the compost heap as one very desirable

means of conserving the fertility on the

form. There are very few farmers who

have a sufilcient realization of the merits

of the compost heap. Thcy huvc, heard

it mentioned in furmcrs' institute lectures

and have perhaps read some particulars

relating to the compost heap but aside

from market gardeners and more particu-

larly proprietors of greenhouses, there is

not a very extensive acquaintance with

this method of handling the farm ma.-

nures.



Thcre are many decided advantages in

the employment of the composting of ma-





» nures and there are likcwise many excel-





lent possibilities connectcd with this man-

ner of manure disposal.

Certain Advantages of the Compost Heap.



Our attention was first-culled to the

pOSsibilities of the compost hcap, perhaps

from the writer’s contact in boyhood days

with a man who had made quite a suc-

cess in market gardening. We had bccn

taught to bclicvc that such stuff as wccds

and other foul stuff on the farm wcrc of

absolutcly no consequence and wore to

be burned and deStrOyed as soon as pos—

siblc. Our first lesson in the composting

of manurcs came from this old market

gardcncr who had pructiccd for some time

the working into the compost: heap of all,

M practically all, of the weeds and foul

stuff grown upon his place.



If the compost hcap is properly prepar-

cd there need be no concern that the

mixing of weeds and grasses and othcr

foul stuff will result in an incrcnscd weed

production the following year" for the

disintegration of these organic products is

uSuaily quite thoroughly accomplished in

the well prcparcd compost heap.





Compost and the Sandy Soils.



The compost heap is perhaps most ad-

vantageously related to a sandy soil. Most

farmers are familiar with the fact that

it is difficult to secure an economic addi-

tion of fresh barnyard manure to certain

types of sandy soil. The result of the

addition of fresh manures to such soils

has been that the soils in question have

a. stmng tendency to spccdily burn out.

as it were. when fresh mnnures are used.

On such soils the experiment of the use

of the compost heap has been employed

with very decided success. Of course,

when the soil is very light and sandy

there can be no great effect produced

from the employment of fresh manures

because they so speedily dry out that be-

fore decOmposition can set in in the soil

the manure has been dehydrated. or de-

privcd of its water, and there remains in

the soil in a state of quite perfect pre-

servation, in which condition the manure

can be of no service whatever to the soil.

Composted manure being so thoroughly

disintegrated and much more thoroughly

decomposed becomes of very great im-

portancc in such a case.



How to Prepare the Compost Heap.



To prepare the compost heap it is well

to figure on some convenient Spot and

turn the soil up for a depth of perhaps

one-half foot, leaving a trench around the

outside to prevent the accumulation of

water. Then spread OVer the surface soil

thus thrown up a layer of three or four

inches of coarse manure or straw. This

layer of coarse material is for the pur-

poSc of absorbing any final seepage from

the heap above should there be an ex—

ceSSive amount of rain after the prepara-

tion of the compost chap. The barnyard

manure may then be spread over the top

as in the preparation of a stack of hay

except that it should be quite firmly

trodden down all over. It: is well to then

throw a layer at soil of perhaps one inch

in thickness over the top of this to be

followed again by another layer of ma-

nure gently spread over the whole top of

the heap. This may go on then until the

compost heap is of the desired size and

then it shOuld be rounded smoothly like

a stack on the top. Cover over entirely

with two or three inches of soil so that

the sealing of the manures, etc., inside

is perfect.



The change which takes place in the

interior of the compost heap is ofa chem-





 





ical nature and decomposition and fer-





NOV. 8. 1913'.





Science.





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mentation very quickly proceed, with the

result that most of the organic matter

present is reduced to a much more avail-

able condition and eventually the same

becomes thoroughly rotted out. Of course,

this process is accompanied by a gradual

settling of the pile and care should be

taken that no cracks in the surface of

the soil thr0wn up over the outside ap-

pear. If cracks appear they should be

filled with dirt to prevent loss of nitrogen

during the process of fermcntation.





Composting Manures Hastens Decompo‘

tition.



By the composting of manures it is

found that the substance therein which

ultimately becomes converted into the

humus in the soil seems to take up this

change ever so much more rapidly than

is the case when they are placed on the

soil in their fresh condition. This, as we

have stated before, is cspccially to be

desired when the problem is the fertility

of sandy soils. At the same time, one of

the advantages is that the coarse parti-

cles which lnv.iriably find their way into

the manure heap are disintegrated and

made of more use. There is a reduction

in the bulk of the material making it

ever so much easier to sprcud on the

farm with the manure sprcudcr than or-

dinary manure.



During the process of decomposition the

organic nitrogen products become broken

up and thereby thcsc nitrogen constitu-

cnts of the protein compounds are renv

dcrcd more completely soluble.





Disposal of Weeds and Leaves.



(me Very dccided advantage of the com-

post hcop is the advantage which it offers

for thc utilization of the ‘wceds and foul

grasses and other stuffs which accumu-

late in quantities on all farms. We think

it wouid be a decided advantage to get

these products together in different parts

of the field or in different fields, where

thcy may be uscd in the preparation of a

compost heap for Unit particular field.

In this way all of the rank weeds which

DOW are 8. source 0f annoyance Oil the

farm can be worked into the compost

hcnp whereby, due to the fermentation

and. decomposition processes going on,

their vitality is dcstroycd and they may

thus return their basic fertility to the

soil. Leaves, of which thcrc is such an

accumulation on most farms, may be em-

ployed in the compost heap to a decided

advantage, and while it is the custom in

most places to either allow these to be

blown about by the winter winds or to

gather them together and burn them,

either practice is too wasteful to think

of its being followed out on any of our

well regulated farms. it seems to be

true, and we think that the prevention of

the waste of farm manures and the utili-

zation of the waste products on the farm»

go. as it were, hand in hand with the

most approved form of sanitation upon

the farm and it is with both points in

view that We urge a better acquaintance

among farmers with the advantages of

the compoSt heap. There is a certain

amount of refuse on the farm which we

are somewhat in doubt as to the advisa-

bility of its employment in the compost

heap. In material that is affected with

scab and other diseases, such as the scab

of potatoes. etc., We do not feel sure

about their use in the compost heap. The

eradication of the diseases is, we think,

of greater importance than is the utiliza-

tion of the waste, and therefore in such

cases we would suggest the careful gath-

ering‘ together of such material and burn-

ing it.



The compost heap presents the follow-

ing points 0f vantage:



1. It is adesirnblc way to prepare

barnyard manure for light soils.



2. It is a good way to prepare the ma-

nure for any soil.



3. It is an excellent pan for reducing

bulky, coarse manure.



4. Leaves and weeds may be utiized

in the compost heap to advantage.



5. It prevents waSte of manures.



6. It is a vauable adjunct to farm san-

itation.



_._—-—-d

WANTED.



At once, a. few men who are hustlers,

for soliciting. No experience necessary.

The work is dignified. healthful and

instructive. In 'writing give references

and also state whether you have a. horse

and buggy of your own. Address Box J.

F., care Michigan Farmer, Detroit, Mich.





 





 





a... ._ _ ___,
a... ._ _ ___.





 





 





 





NOV. 8, 1913.





iL:





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Live Stock.





THE'MICHIGAN FARMER





 





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MARKETING THE LAMBS.



Differences of opinion prevail among

flock owners relative to the best time to

market, the lamb crop to insure the, great-

est. piotit at the lowest cost of produc-

tion. All tiock owners are not situated

alike in regard to the solution of this vital

problem. Some farmers engaged in sheep

giowing are in position to withhold their

crop uiitli late and market during the

early winter months. while others less

favorably situated must sell off pasture

in the fall. Early and late marketing of

the lambs both have their advantages and

it is largely a matter of how the tloek is

li'izinaged which results mtth pi'olitably.



'l‘he tlock owner who is in position to

hold his lamb crop until late in the fall

or into early winter has the advantage of

disposing of a quantity of grain and

roughage at a slight 1'iroiit over its mar-

ket. value, and also the. manure gained is

of great value. in maintaining soil fertility

and inert-axing crop production. This ad-

vantage to the flock owner who is in po~

sition to gain its benefit is highly worthy

of consideration as it utilizes the tioek to

assist in inciez’ising the pi‘odtiction of both

grain and roughage on the farm which ul—

timately results in lower cost of mutton

and wool production.



The, liock owner who is not in position

to hold his lamb crop and must dispose

of it off pasture some. time during the fall

months has the advantage of selling his

season’:—' crop at a time. when the cost of

production is at the minimum. as greater





gain at lower cost can be secured from

pasture than any other source itjarly





i'all maikcting also has the advantage of

imi‘u‘oving the pasture condition for the

breeding Iloek pieparaiory for the mating

\\'here conditions are such that

and supplementary feed the short





KPH Still.





pasture,





it is not only prudent but. advisable to

9



market the lamb erop during the early



fall. I have practiced both methods. of





marketing lambs and found that l'nilll un-





der pioper management haVe their ad-

vantages.

Marketing the lambs early in the fall





necessitates special attention

to feeding early in the, season to put the

crop in marketable condition. As a rule

fall pastures begin to decline rapidly after

the. month of September and unless spe—

cial thought is directed to supplying some

additional feed the lambs will not gain

as rripittly as thev ought to command the,

1th market price. \Vhere attention has

been already paid to i_',iowinf.,r supplement—

al forage for late fall pasture, the prob-





oI'I' past Ill e





but is practically solved insofar as pas-

ture is eoncerued, However, the flock

owner who has neglected this necessary





preparation must direct his attention to

feeding dry roughage.



On the average farm where Sher-p a’re

maintained there is generally some way

of furnishing new pasture by either

changing the, sheep to another pasture or





else renting some pasture of a neighbor.

\Vhere fields are well fenced stubble

lands and new seedings will furnish a





limited amount of pasture. without injury

to the latter. Some farmers think it ma-

terially injures new seed’ng to pasture it,

but if done judiciously no great harm (“an

ic~'uit. 'l‘lie harm comes, howm’t'r, when

the sheep are, allowed to remain too long

on the seeding and crop it too closely,

Moderate, posturing of new seeding does

no injury providing the seeding has se-

cured a thrifty start.



it is not certain when the market will

be, the highest, early in the fall or during

the. early winter months I have sold

lambs for a cent more a pound the first

of October than the last of December, but

of course, no two seasons are alike. As

a general thing I think that one, is safe

to rely upon as good a market after the

holiday season is over as any time until

toward spring. when there is invariably

a strong demand for well finished mut-

ton. If the flock owner is in position to

winter his stock and fatten for the spring

market he can generally depend upon a

little better price than in the fall. How-

ever, I have found that from 80 to 100

days of dry feeding is about as long as it

pays to feed lambs and with ordinary

well grown lambs this ought to be long

enough to put them in first-class condi—

tion.



\Vhether or not the lambs are market-

ed early in the fail or held into the win—

ter months supplemental feed should be

supplied during the fall to assist pasture





and encourage rapid bone and flesh for-

mation. Unless the pasture is unusually

good the lamb crop will be apt to decline

rather than improve. A ration of half

corn (old) and half oats makes a very

palatable and nutritive grain ration for

growing lambs in the fail. This ration

can be fed in troughs in the pasture twice

daily with very profitable results.

Shiawassee Co. LEO C. ‘REYNOLDB.





A SUBSTITUTE HAY CROP FOR

HORSES.





 





\Ve lost our seeding this year, and our

hay this year was so thin it would not

pay to leave it another Year. is there

anything we could raise next year that

would make fair feed for horses? _



Kent CO. ‘ J. S.



C. J. S. will find that if he sows a field

of oats rather thickly and then cuts them

when they are in the milk and makes

them into hay like timothy or clover,

he will have a good substitute for hay

for his horses Horses will do well on oat

hay. If you will mix some (‘anada field

peas with the oats you will get a better

quality of hay, and horses love it dearly.





You can also raise llungarian grass or

millet, and if it is cut before the seed

gets ripe when it ought to be, it makes





a splendid bay for horses. Soy beans and.

eowpeas also make good substitutes for

hay. The trouble of it is when a man

sows or oats and peas, he is liable

to let them get too ripe. and harvest them

and thresh the grain. \\'lieii you do that

the food nutrients of the plant go into

the seed and the straw is comparatively

a poor feed. If the crop, hoWever, is cut

when the grain is in the milk before the

nutiiinent has gone into the berry then

you will have a buy that is quite as val-

uable as timothy. Barley or wheat or

rye can be cut for hay in this way before

the grain matures, and, properly cured.

it makes a good substitute. If one hasn’t

land that will produce a good crop of oats

and has good corn land, by sowing corn

very thick in rows and cultivating it, get

it tiiick enough so that it doesn’t form

scarcely any ears, and if this is cut up at

the proper time and Well cured it makes

good 11in for horses in the winter time,

or any time, for that matter. It

might wrong for one to cut down a

good piece of wheat when it is in the

milk and make hay, and yet it would

make splendid hay if harVested at this

time, and in tome countries wheat hay is

quite popular and





tillls,





other





lcok





quite common.

Comm (3. LILLIE.





LIVE STOCK NEWS.





llemoval of the tariff on cattle has re-'





Suited in bringing in large, supplies of

stockeis from Ontario, and during the

month of September about 20.000 entered





this country by the door of Buffalo, and

a large part went to I’enn’ylvania feed-

ing districts. 'I‘lil‘l‘e is a big demand in

markets of the l'nited States for stockers

for roughing through the winter and plac-

ing on grass during the following sum-

mer months.



> The lllinois Experiment Station Of

(‘hampaign. where there. is under way a

BIO-day cattle feeding demonstration, has

again proved the economic value- of silage

in fattening beef cattle. il. l’. Rusk.

professor in charge of the experiment.

says that the cheapest gains by the herd

were made by beeves that Were fed shell-

ed corn. cottonseed meal and silage. lie

says the most rapid gains Were made bv

the lots that received alfalfa in addition

to this ration. lllinois Experiment Station

as well as lndiana, Missouri, Iowa and

other western stations, have all demon-

strated in recent years that silage as a

supplemental feed reduces the cost of

beef gains. The work of the experiment

stations along,r this line has resulted in a

great increase in the use of silage in beef

production.





The cattle trade of Chica 0 is es ci l-

ly animated in the fat littlegyearlingeclailss

of both steers and heifers, these having

been sold recently at the highest prices

of all the offerings. It does not require

nearly as many cattle to fill the wants of

the trade as in former years. when cattle

and beef sold at much lower prices, and

whenever fairly large numbers of cattle

are shipped in, lower prices are prettv

Sure to. follow. There is a moderate call

for chotce heavv beeves for supplying the

beef requirements of the hotel and res-

taurant trade, but as a rule heavy steers

are the first to sell off Sharply, while fat

yearlings are the first to advance and the

last to sell off. The commoner and me-

dium lots of steers, cows, heifers and

bulls move up and down in accordance

with the offerings. but they are all the

time bringing much higher prices than a

year ago. An exception to this is found

1,2 lprime beef steers. which were abnor-



a y scarce a car a .

$10-50@11. 3 go, and sold at





U





r





.- ../. . 1’

”d of“ ‘





l

’l\





’l 5. . x ,

“II/’W/x/I/Wfi'...“





They are five-shot





you don't get him quick.





six years of producing





 

 

 





 





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Bauer hide! The Remington Cub.

carry an Auloloadcr





 





C

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BEFORE you buy a big game rifle, by all means

ask your dealer to show you the Remington-





UM C A uloloadi'ng R (fies.





repeaters—operated by the





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299 Broadway





 





Disinfect

Your Pens





00 profit is absolutely dependent on hog



health. You can't market heavyweights

irozn carelessly kept pens. II you would

fiain the inost_rcturn ioriccd and labor'spcnt,



can all premises germ-tree and hygienic With

occasional applications of Dr. Hess Dip and

Disinfectant. This is a guaranteed germ and

vermin killer as well as a powerful dcodorizer

and disinfectant. It reaches down into cracks

and crannies where lice and other vermin hide

and quickly ends them. But more than this,





Dr. Hess [lip and

Disinfeclani





sprinkled about the hog pens and sleeping quar-



ters materially lessens the liability of hog cholera



and other contagious diseases. It



also meets; the Government require-

ment for sheep scab. it is non-

poisonous, non - irritating. an d

makes an efficacious dip for

cattle. sheep and swine. Cures

dog mange and eczema. Nothing

like it to sweeten sewers and out-



houscs. One gallon makes 70



to 100 gallons of solution. ‘

Dip book tree—send for 11.





DR. HESS In CLARK

Alhlond. om.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

 





     

   





 





 





 





_ . M'- ' a .

Cation Sud Meal fiiéhe.é“2l§§i‘e *tifi‘ii.£f.“.25i.





 





Ask price. Free Booklet. Bartlett 00.. Jackson, Mich.





Go Right





Trade-Mark





 





 

 

 

 

   

 

 





3 New York

l

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SA V E- At It '



Mr. II‘VM Shaw, of Dublin, Pr...

writes: 'i'lroy ('hrnncnl 00.. H'agiiam-

ton, N. Y. -— I used one bottle on the

wrung ltnee ; it has straightened the



- leg. Send another bottle. so to; IV”!!!

cure the foot. By the results obtain-d

caused the tulle of two bottles. '_I"" for

epnvin and the other for curb; in both

raises it. brought the results, 11.1: t‘er-

\uinly the greutuet medic-tool ever med



“ie (Drlginated the treatment

of horses—~Undcr _Si ned Contract

to Return Money if (cmedy bails.



OUR LATEST Save-The-llorse BOOK is our 18



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[ROY CHEMICAL C0.. “Commerce Ave., B'mghamlon, N. Y.

Druggists everywhere sell Save-The-

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Lem. 32.3.} per 100 lb. bag. Agents wanted.

GliA‘ES A; DIARSIIALL. Antwerp. 0.





 





But Conditioner

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Carrolllon. :-: Mo. llnlu Stock Yards. Chicago





 





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YOU CAN CARE FOR A

HUNDRED COWS WITII





LOUDEN DAIRY





BARN EQUIPMENTS

msm THAN A DOZEN wrrnour ram.





Your cows will give enough extra milk to



pay tor the equipments in a few months. On



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a? this increase was 21%.



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See them at your dealer‘s or write us for

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Write for our FREE PLANS SERVICE .





 





 





‘0! your new barn, or tor remodeling your

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237 West Broadway, FAIII‘IELDJOWA.





 





 





 





l





Experl Stock Brewer’s Secret

Now Open ln Every Farmer.





From every part of the country. re—

ports are coming in of the almost magi-

cal results obtained from feeding horses,

Cattle, and other stock, on pure cane m0-

losses. The U. 8. Government has known

of this method of feeding for some time,

and in several branches of the service,

after careful watching of results, it has

been proven that horses will fatten

quickly on this diet, grow a fine, glossy

coat, and do much more work than on or-

dinary rations.



It is equally good for cows, and other

stock. Nothing has been found that will

fatten cattle so quickly, or keep them in

a healthier, milk-producing condition.

Hogs and sheep fed by this method will

bring top market prices.



The method of feeding is Simple, as it

is necessary only to mix the molasses

with water, in proper proportions and

sprinkle on the ordinary feed.



It is now possible for any reader to try

this method of feeding without risk. A

pure feeding molasses, carefully tested

for this purpose, is sold under the name

of Buckeye Feeding Molasses, by W. H.

Edgar & Son, 642 Lafayette, Blvd., De—

troit, Michigan.



They make a liberal offer to every read-

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this new method of feeding without risk-

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gilllIllI|||llllIlllllllIllllIllll|Illlllllllfllllllllllllllll|llllIllllllllllllllIlllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllg

s - E

Da1ry.

~ElllllllIlll||Illllllll||llllllllIllllllllllllIlll|Ill|IlllllllIllllIlllllllllllllIll|IllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllE





CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





GRAINS T0 FEED TO SUPPLEMENT

SHORT PASTURE.





 





As the pasture is growing short now, I

would llke to know what grains to give

my milch cows to get the most butter—

fat. As winter comes on I will give them

cornstalks for rough feed.



Van Buren Co. Sunscmnmn.





M0st any grain fits in nicely with short

pasture. I don’t think there is anything

better than corn and oat chop, that is.

com and oats mixed together and ground

into meal. If you haven‘t got these you

can buy them. They make an economical

feed in connection with pasture. On the

other hand, wheat bran or middlings are

good also.



You don’t need food quite so rich in

protein on pasture as you do on dry feed

because the pasture grass is richer in

protein than the dried hay, but cottonseed

meal, gluten feed and dried brewers’

grains—any of these products rich in pro—

tein—are good to feed on pasture. They

are pretty concentrated, - however, and

ought to be mixed with some other feed

to reduce the cost. For instance, if you

can buy cottonseed meal and mix this

with corn meal and ground oats it makes





 





 





 





 





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AMERICAN SEPARATOR C0. BAINBBR‘llIIB'gfl'. v.

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as AMERICAN

will: CREAM

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A. SUSKIND 8: 00.

u. v. City.





159 West 24th. St., a





a splendid ration.





As winter comes on your cows ought

.to have something for roughage besides

cornStalks, not that cornstalks are not

good, but there isn’t variety enough. They

Ought to have corn silage, a succulent

food in the ration to take the place of the

succulent grass. They ought to have

clover, or alfalfa hay, because these foods

are richer in protein than cornstalks. If,

however, you haven’t anything but the

cc-rnstalks for roughage then, to get the

best results. you must feed a liberal grain

ration rich in protein. Here is where oil

meal, cottonseed meal and gluten feed

come in to balance up a ration If you

could mix cottonseed meal, or oil meal,

.with wheat bran and a little ground oats

or corn the combination would make an

excellent thing to balance up so deficient

a ration in roughage as cornstalks.





WHAT FEEDS TO BUY.





IVill you kindly advise in regard to feed

or my Holstein cows? I will have plenty

of whole corn ensilage and out and wheat

straw. The most of the clover hay will

have to be bought. I can buy feeds as

follows: Corn meal, $27 per ton: corn

and cob meal, $24 per ton: bran, $24 per

ton; middlings, $27 per ton; patent dairy

feed, $26: distillers’ dried grains. $32:

cottonseed meal. $32; alfalfa hay. $32; clo-

ver hay, $11; cornstalks, 4@5c per bundle.



Sunscmnnn.





With clover hay at $11 per ton, taking

into consideration the price of other feed,

I think you can afford to buy enough clo-

ver hay so that you can feed your cows

one feed a day in connection with your

.corn silage and your oat straw. My ex-

perience is that you won’t be able to get

very much good out of the wheat straw.

It makes good bedding and can be util-

ized that way and it may be well enough

to pass it through the manger, but cows

that are fed for good production will not

eat very much of it. Oat straw, however,

where the cats were cut before they get

dead ripe, will answer for one feed a day.

Now with silage twice a day all they will

eat up clean, clover hay once a day and

[oat straw once a day. you have a very

[good ration so far as the roughage is con-

'cerned. It is somewhat deficient in pro-

tein and this should be kept in mind when

you are making purchases for your grain

ration.



I‘ndoubtedly for the prices named you

_cnn get a pound of digestible protein

,lcheaper in cottonseed meal than in any

other product, and I would suggest that

‘you buy cottonseed meal. wheat bran, and





 





 





corn meal as your grain ration. Feed the

cows two pounds a day of cottonseed

meal equal parts by weight. Now, of





course, the best way is to carefully in-

crease the cow’s grain ration- after she

freshens until you get up to her limit.

I’i‘hen you find out that an increase of

grain does not bring an increased produc-

tion of milk, stop increasing the grain.

Not only that, but cut down the grain

ration a little bit be10w her maximum or

you will be wasting mOney. If you want

to feed by rule, if you can't do the feed-

ing yourself, and try to get some rule

whereby a hired man can feed the cows

and do it fairly satisfactory, the old Dan-

ish rule of a,pound of grain per day for





 





every pound of buter-fat produced in a

‘week is a very good one, especially for

Holstein cows. Or you can feed them a

pOund of grain for every four pound of

milk which they produce in a day. That

is another rule. But unless you have

well-bred dairy 00ws I doubt if you can

use as much grain as this with the great-

est profit.





CULL BEAN MEAL VS. COOKED

BEANS FOR COWS.





\l’ill you advise me through your val-

uable paper, if ground cull beans are as

good as cooked ones for milch cows? I

also Would like to get advice about mak-

ing a balanced ration for milch cows:

have plenty of corn silage, (corn would

have husked two crates per 64 hill shock),

some clover straw, clover hay, cornstalks,

cull beans and ground rye. Would it be

advisable to buy some other grain or feed

to make a good ration? Should the cows

be fed twice or three times a day?-



Manistee Co. F. D.



If the cows will eat the bean meal it is

just as good for them as the cooked

beans. Cooking will not add any to the

food value of beans. Cows don’t have to

have their grain cooked in order to di-

gest it. Some people claim that the cows

eat the beans better after they are cook-

ed. but my notion is that you have to ed-

ucate the cows to eat cooked beans at

all. I never tried to feed any cooked

beans to cows, but I have fed some bean

meal. and this, mixed with other grains,

is readily eaten by the cows. With this

limited experience I should say that the

best way to feed cull beans to cows is to

grind the beans and feed the same as any

grain. It is barely possible that after you

have educated the cows to eat the cooked

beans that they would be more appetiz-

ing and they would eat more of them. I

know this is so with hogs. Hogs won’t

eat raw bean rrieal, they will almost

starve firSt, but you cook these beans and

they eat them quite readily, but you don’t

have to cook them to get cows to eat

them nor do you need to for sheep. They

will eat them raw.





I should feed all the corn silage the

cows will eat up clean night and morn-

ing, one feed of clover hay a day and one

feed of cornstalks, or straw, or bean pods.

Then for a grain ration I would use’ cull

beans. 3. little of the rye, and I would

prefer some ground cats or corn meal,

this to give a little better variety and to

make it more appetizing. If I had plenty

of cull beans I would make that one of

the principal ingredients of the grain ra-

tion becauSe they are cheaper than other

grains. To get a good grain ration

mix oats and rye and corn together equal

parts and grind it arid then mix as much

of the ground bean meal with this as yOu

can get the cows to eat readily. I would

not object to having half of the ration

bean meal if you can get the cows to

like it.





WHAT KIND OF CORN FOR EN-

SILAGE?





What kind of corn would your experi-

ence recommend for ensilage corn for

this latitude? Wishing bulk, a suffiment

amount of grain, something that will ma-

ture sufficiently. How about Red Cob

Egsilage, Holden Mammoth, Yellow White



Ignia Co. N. T.



I don't think that red cob ensilage corn

or Eureka enSilage corn, or any other

com that is grown too far south, is the

best kind of corn for ensilage for Mich-

igan. Where corn is so late that it does

not properly mature, it does not contain

the food nutrients that it should. It is

deficient in total dry matter. There is no

use in puting a whole lot of bulk into a

Silo if it doesn’t contain the food. That

is what we are after—the largest number

of pounds of dry matter per acre. YOu

take corn where the seed is grown in Vir-

ginia or the Carolinas or way down in

the southern states, and bring it up in

Michigan and plant it, and it: usually is

just silking out before frost comes. This

corn has been in the habit of growing

where it has all the time necessary and

it doesn’t hustle enough in Michigan to

mature. Y0u take this corn and gradu-

ally bring it north and it will adapt itself

to the climate and finally you can, by se-

lection, get this same corn so that it will

properly mature and ripen in Michigan.



On the other hand, if we get seed corn

north of us for this climate it has the

habit of growing thickly and maturing

quickly. but it doesn't grow large. Now

there are the two extremes. avoid both of

them. I would say that the latest com

that will properly develop is the best kind

of ensilage corn for any given locality. It

Is not necessary for ensilage corn to get

dead ripe. You don’t want it dead ripe





for en8ilage, but you want the majority

of it glazed and starting to debt. 'The

earliest of it is probably ripe enough 50

that you could Save seed, but the ma-

jority of it is just nicely glazed and dent-

ed. Put- it into the silo then. Then the

whole plant contains the largest per cent

of digestible nutrients, and that is what

you want. Therefore I would recommend

that you get your seed corn south of you

but do not go too far.





Now there is not so very much differ-

ence in the variety of corn. If you get

seed corn from extreme southern Michi-

gan or northern Indiana or Ohio, or go as

far south as southern Indiana or southern

Ohio and get your seed corn for ensilage

you will do Well. We know from experi-

ence that this kind of corn will rarely

ripen the first year sufficiently so that it

pays to crib. To be sure, many of these

cars will get ripe but the majority of them

are not safe to crib. there will be lots of

soft corn. -But it grows wonderfully large

and produces a large amount of roughage.

If you get your seed from Indiana, or

Ohio, and plant it next year and then

select out the earliest ears, those that get

ripe enough So that they will produce

seed, use this next year and perhaps the

following year, and so on until it gets too

early for silage, when you will need to

make another importation of seed It be-

comes a little bit dwarfed. so to speak, in

its growth. One can then go two or three

hundred miles south of him and get seed

corn again. That. I believe, to be the

best variety of corn for ensilage. That,

I believe, will produce the largest amount

of food nutrients per acre.



Now again, any good corn grown in

Michigan, corn that has grown here for

years and years, and ripened here, makes

splendid ensilage corn. It makes ensilage

of the highest quality. You can’t prob-

ably get quite so much to the acre but

what it lacks in quantity it makes up in

quality, and I should say select the larg-

est. thriftiest growing variety of corn

that you know of in your neighborhood

and plant it for ensilage.



I am positive that people don’t, as a

rule, plant their ensilage corn thick

enough to get‘ the best reSults. Did you

ever stop to think that if a stalk of corn

hasn’t any ear on it or a very small ear

that there are more food nutrients in that

stalk than there is in another stark where

there has been a big car developed. The

nutrlment of the plant goes into the ear.

If you plant this corn so thick that only

small ears develop you do not decrease

the total of food nutrients. You are short

of ears but you have got the food nutri-

ents in the stalk, and by growing them

thick in this way you can get more tons

to the acre than y0u can where planted

thin. At one time I advocated eight

quarts of seed corn to the acre for en~

silage, but now my belief is that we had

better plant twelve or fourteen quarts of

seed corn to the acre. Sometimes in an

extremely dry year this may be so thick

that it will dwarf the corn, you can’t get

moisture enough, but this is exceptional.

Ordinarily it will grow tall and big and

you will get more tons to the acre. You

won't get so many ears but you will get

the food nutrients in the stalk if you don't

get them in the ear.





JONES DISEASE.





 





This Summer we had three cows at-

tacked by what is known by veterinarians

as Jones disease. It is a sort of dysen-

tery, and yet a different kind of a dy-

sentery than I ever saw before. Nothing

seems to check it, only temporarily. They

Say it is due to a germ. The disease is

so named because a veterinarian by the

name of Jones discovered the germ. It

is something absolutely new, at least in

this section. So'meone just recently, how-

ever, has fOund a means of vaccination

or innoculation against this, but the moSt

up-to-date veterinarians didn't get onto

the practice until my three cows died.

These were good cows. “’as this an ac-

cident? I can think of nothing elSe. No

one knows any way of preventing it and

until just recently no one knew anything

about curing it. We never had anything

like it before nor since. None of the

other COWS show any spmytoms of it at

all. Of course. if we ever have another

case. which I hope we shall not, we will

try the new remedy.





COST OF PRODUCING A—QUART OF'

MILK.





“'th is the cost of producing a quart

of milk'.’



Jackson Co. C. R.



The cost of producing a quart of milk

will vary with different herds of cows.





 

 

   





 





s
NOV. 8, 1913.





One herd may produce milk on the aver.-

age of two cents a. quart and another one

might produce it for five or even six

cents a quart. It is all a question of the

cow and the dairyman. The dairy au-

thorities of Ohio took considerable pains

to look this matter up by getting an av-

erage as near as they could for the whole

state, for all the cows, under all condi-

tions, and it seemed to cost a little bet-

ter than four cents a quart on an aver-

age to produce milk in Ohio This is

simply the feed and care cost and does

not take into consideration the cost of

marketing. 4





THE MODEL COW STALL.





 





 





Have recently moved and constructeda

basement under barn and should very

much like to so arrange it that I could

keep from six to ten Jersey cows. I would

prefer to tie animals if it could be done

in such a manner that they would not

get littered up while lying down. The

floor will be cement. Should there be

a gutter at rear of cows? Give length and

width of stalls, height of manger from

floor, etc.



Tuscola Co. D. C.



In building model stall how wide should

it be? What width of manger? How far

from floor should we commence rack?

Haw wide should rack be at bottom?



Sanilac C0. J. R. McK.





Briefly stated, the model cow stall con-

sists of a cement manger four inches

deep on the side towards the cow, and

two feet wide. Then the farther side of





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





doesn’t matter much where y '1 tie her.

After she is once broken to her stall no

matter how you tie her or where you tie

her she will step up and lie on this bed,

otherwise she has got to lie across the

edge of this 2x4. Some cows at first

don’t knowany better than to lie right

across this 2x4 but after a. while they get

onto it so that they lie on the bed and

they are kept comfortable and clean. Now

a manure gutter is not a part of the

model stall. In fact, it has nothing to do

with it but it is convenient to have a

gutter in which to scrape the manure to

get it out of the way.





DAIRY NOTES.

Accidents.

The old saying is that accidents will





happen in the best regulated families, and .





I think this old adage will prove true

when applied to dairying. Accidents will





 





happen in the best managed dairies, at'





least, accidents keep happening in my

dairy, not every day, but occasionally. Not

more than two months ago a cow came

up at night from the pasture with her

hip capped; that is, the cap at the end of

the hip bOne was knocked off. Of course,

cows recover from this after awhile. but

she was lame for two or three weeks so

we couldn’t let her run with the herd. She

finally got better and now limps but little.



But it damaged her. We had her in

the test for the register of merit and this





 

   

 





 





 





 





 





........3.fl'. .".-.v.......r‘ 7‘:

I

, HM HANGER I :

x I

t‘

.JW.‘Q 0,1:

t .

., t i

i

an. ”Jag... . 4L

I

retain new: .. . ..‘ '

. .-.

11

I

3(-





 





 





 





Plan of Model Cow Stall. showing position of gutter. adjustable 2x4,"anil alley/r





also arrangement of mangers, and dimensions of parts.





One partition studding is





shown to aid in an understanding of the general plan.





 





the manger from the cow next to the feed

alley is built up four feet, and 28 inches

from this cement feed floor we start the

bottom of the hay manger. The bottom

of the manger is narrow, being only eight

inches wide. It is made of a 2x8 piece.

Then the hay rack is made by nailing

slats to this 2x8 and having them slant

back towards the cow at an angle of 45

degrees and long enough so that the top

of the manger is about 21/; feet wide

on top. Below the hay manger on the

alley side is an opening to put in the corn

silage and the grain. Some have a lOOSe

box manger which pulls out, and in which

the ensilage and the grain are deposited

and then the box is shoved back in again,

but in our stable we do not have this

box, simply leave a space about six inches

wide. Then we can put the ensilage in

with an enSilage fork and grain in with

a Scoop shovel very handily and it makes

less work than it does to have the box to

pull out and put back again.



Partitions are made between the stalls

by having a scantling run from the top

of the hay manger back to the floor.

These scantling reach the floor about sev-

en feet from the edge of the feed alley.

Of course, there is nothing very particu-

lar about this but this is about right.

Each cow stands in a stall by herself.

This prevents cows stepping on the ud-

ders of their neighbors and injuring their

teats.



Now the philosophy of the model stall

is simply this. When the cow is eating

out of the lower manger notice where,

she stands with her hind feet. Then

put a 2x4 edgewise just in front of her

hind feet across the stall, Now this space

between this 2x4 and the ensilnge manger

should be filled up with bedding. If you

can’t get the bedding to stay in there any

other way wet it thoroughly or mix clay

with it. fill it up. Then the cow has a

bed to lie. upon. Now the idea of having

the hay manger slant back over the cow

is to cause her, when she is eating hay

from the manger to back away from

her bed and her droppings don’t soil the

bed. \Vhen she lies down she must step

up and lie on this bed which keeps her

clean. You can tie the cow with a halter

to the bottom of the hay manger. You can

tie her with a chain around her neck and

stapled into the side of the manger. It





accident caused her to shrink so in milk

that she is entirely out of it for this pe-

riod of lactation. There is no particular

place to lay the blame, it was simply an

unavoidable accident, and we will have to

suffer the consequences.





Another good cow got her teat injured.

it looks as if she stepped on it in getting

up. but how she did it is more than l can

see On one Side of the teat the hide is

all scraped off and it extends over the end

of the teat so that the scab practically

closes up the opening. It is a very sore

thing. You have to take that scrap off

from the end of the teat every time you

milk, and the cow resents it. You can’t

blame her. She doesn't know any better. It

is getting better now, but a cow in this

00ndition will not give a normal flow of

milk. She is a fresh cow and may prac-

tically recover from it, and yet I doubt it.

Any little thing like this in th% beginning

of the period of lactation simply gets the

cow out of sorts and, she doesn't do as

well as she would if the accident had not

happened. I wish I knew how to prevent

all of these accidents, but I haven‘t learn-

ed yet, and I doubt if I ever will, or any-

body else.



Price of Dairy Products Affected by the

Drought.



There is no doubt but what the. drought

this summer over a large part of the

country has made short forage crops.

Hay is abnormally high at the present

time in most sectimis of the country. The

corn crop is short. at least so far as for-

age is concerned. and it is so with other

crops. This certainly has an effect upon

the price of dairy products. .\t Grand

Rapids the milkme-n have raised the price

of milk to eight cents. leally this ought

to have been done before. because eight

cents a quart is not too much for good

clean, marketable milk. I don't know

Where the consumer could get more for

his money than good wholesome milk at

Eight cents per quart. Everybody is ex-

Decting high prices for butter and high

prices for cheese this Winter, and i think

that their expectations will be realized

because there is an actual scarcity.

Dairymen are hedging. They are getting

rid of their poorest cows. Feed is worth

as much, and more, to sell, than it is to

feed. '





 





 





79—419





 





With butter



at the present

high price



every ounce



of cream counts





Cream is more than ever a most valuable commodity these

days, and it is doubly important that not a drop be wasted or lost.

If you are still using a. ”gravity” setting method you are

losing a quarter of the butter-fat in the skim-milk while the

gravity cream is not worth anywhere near as much as the better





quality separator cream.





If you are using any other than 9. DE .LAVAL separator the

advantages of the DE LAVAL over other separators at. all times

are greatest at the season when milk is often cool and cows are old





in lactation.





A DE LAVAL





Will Save Its (lest by Spring





Then why delay the purchase of this great money and labor





saving machine.

during the Winter.





Put it in now and let it save its own ”cost

Even with only part of your cows in milk it





will at least half do so and by next spring you will be just so much





ahead .





While if you wish you can buy 3. DE LAVAL machine





on such liberal terms it will actually pay for itself.

Let us send you a DE LAVAL catalog—making all these facts





plain.

You have but to ask for them.





The new DE LAVAL handbook on Dairying goes With it.





THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR C0.





NEW YORK CHICAGO





SAN FRANCISCO





SEATTLE





 





 





 





 





Run on Kerosene—Cut Fuel Cost in Two





Ellis Engines run on gasoline. kerosene or any fuel all without extra equipment. 0n kerosene th

more power than other engines on gasoline. Do more work and save you 50c on the 7 7

dollar in fuel. Strongest, simplest en ines made—only three working parts. The 12 ‘

h. p.. two cylinder opposed engine wi do any work requirin

ow first cost. low cost to run. easy to operate.





vibration.





 





have patent throttle, giving three engines in one. Force-feed oller.

automobile muffler. speed-changing governor and many other exclu-

sive features. Run either way—reversible while running. Buy die

and save money. We pay freight, 10-year guarantee,

30 days free trial. Write for new catalog showing 1913 Models with





ELLIS ENGINE 00.. 110 Mulleit St. Detroit. Mich.





special prices.





rcci from facto





 

 

 





ey give





   





gtrom Mtolfih._p. No ‘j





 





aboolutly

locality where we are not. now represented so don't. delay.

give name and address of your nearest dealer.



WYKES 8- Co . Mlch. Sales Ants., 401 Godfrey Bldg., Grand Roplds. Michigan.





HAMMOND ,5,





DAIRY FEED





SPECIAL INTRODUCTORY OFFER





. 1000 Lbs. Absolutely Free fl

MORE MILK FOR LESS MONEY. If not already on sale in your town write us for sample and

convincin testimonials from large dairymen and let us explain our bong-tide oil'sr of 1000 lbs. feed

res for a. little of your (so-operation. This special 0381' is restricted to one feeder in each





 





 

 





State number of cows you feed and





 

 





 





 





Have That Fur Robe or Coat Rep aired

Before it gets COLD WEATHER.





We repair and furnish ’new Fur for any kind of Fur

Coat or Robe at a very reasonable price and we do it

Write us for any estimate on your work, or

better still, send it along, we will treat you right.



' BLISSFIELD ROBE & TAN C0., Custom Tanners, BLISSFIELD, MICHIGAN.





Good too.





 





 





 





WHAT i351???





LUMBER FOR THE FARM?





 





 





 





CYPRESS, of Course.

(Because it LASTS.)





Probably your local dealer has it; if

319?: he will get it if you refuse all



' - substitutes and keep insisting

‘ on “The “food Eternal.”





Free Booklets tell about Cypress.

. There are 37 free vols. in that

standard reference work, the

Cypress Pocket Library. Help

yourself to them.. COUPON

HEREWITH. Clip It and ship it.





 





50. Cypress Mfrs’ Ass’n.

nu. Hibernia Bank Bldg. New Orleans. La.



Please send me the books. FREE,



as marked in the following squares;

New Silo Book,V01. 37. Free Plans.

Barn Book (4 plans) Vol. 4.

Farm Needs Book , (8 plans) Vol. 20.

Carpentry Book, (12 plans) V01. 36-

Cypress Shingles. Vol. 7.



'U. S. Gov’t Report on Cypress.





DECIDED





 





R. F. D

State





TOWL
-‘ .‘wn.’.»»'4-‘£-4





420—8





The; Michigan Farmer





Established 1843.





The Lawrence Publishing Co;





Editors and Proprietors.

39 to 45 Congress St. West. Detroit. Michman.

TELEPHONE MAIN 4525.

New Your: OFFICE-41 Park Row.





in use OFFICE—604 Advertising Building.

SLE‘VELAND OFFICE—101L105 Oregon Ave.. N. E.





 





 





 

 





 





 





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by the Lawrence Pub. Co. All persons are warned

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WE GUARANTEE to stop. THE MICHIGAN

FARMER immedietly upon expiration of time sub-

scribed for. and we wiflflpey all expenses for defending

any suit. brought egni any subscriber to The Mioh~

igan Farmer by the publisher of any farm paper,

which has been sent after the time ordered has expired,

providing due notice is sent to us. before suit is started.





DETROIT, NOV. 8, 1913.





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





 





 





 





A communication from

our Washington corres-

pondent quoting from

recent utterancos of Dr.

A. D. Melvin, Chief of the Ilurcau of An—

imul Industry of the Department of Ag-

riculture, affords some interesting side-

lights on the development of the live

stock industry in that part of the world.

It will be remembered by readers who

have roiiflé‘d the editorial comments of

this paper, that Dr. Melvin has been on

It tour of investigation in South America,

in which the live stor-k industry of South

American c0untrics was made the object

of special inquiry.





Scuth American

Live Stock.





One surprising bit of information gican-

ed from this report of Dr. Melvin's state-

ments since his return to the United

States is that cattle slaughtered for ex-

port in Argentina are raised and fattened

entirely on alfalfa pasturcs. These pas-

tures support the cattle thc year arOund

without any supplementary feeding, ex—'

cept in occasional times of drouth or in-

vasions of locusts. In this connection Dr.

Melvin is (“edited with the statement that

alfalfa is not being grown nearly as. ex-

tensively as it could be. and that the ex-

tension of the area. devoted to this for-

age plant will depend very largely upon

the prices received for the cattle grown

upon those pustures. Because of recent

satisfactory prices, the present tendency

is to convert a portion of the area now

devoted to grain into alfalfa pastures,

since cattle raising is considered much

more certain and suitable than grain pro-

duction when the prices for cuttle are re-

munerative. Regarding the prices re-

ceived for cattle Dr. Melvin stated that

at the time of his visit, cattle dressing

820 pounds sold for $74.80. gold. This

grade of beef he states to be of high qual-

ity. and is at the present time selling in

England at from eight to nine cents per

pound wholesale. The Argentine cattle

are stated to be of very mur-h better qual-

ity than those from any of the other

South American countries, the Brazilian

cattle plainly showing strains of East In—

dian origin. It would thus appear that

the business of beef production in Argen-

tina is capable of considerable increase

under favorable prices, although the

slaughtering of cattle is sufficient at pres~

ent to prevent a rapid, increase in pro-

duction, being fully up to the limit of the

available cattle. But from the fact that

alfalfa has been substituted for old range

pastures in the greateSt cattle raising

country in South America. and that the

slaughtering of the stock is carried on

under rigid inspection, as stated by Dr.

Melvin, it will be necessary for the cattle

breeders and feeders of this country to

follow up to date and improved methods

in the production of beef in order to main-

tain the SupremaCy of the home market

in future years. However, as previously





pointed out, the immediate future seems

to be bright for our cattle feeders. and it





,





_'I‘.H E MICHIGAN ,F'ARMER





does not seem likely that the opening of

our markets to South American beef will

do more than check further advances in

the price of this necessity to the consam-

er. \Vhat the future holds. it is, of course,

impossible to tell, but it will certainly take

some time to accumulateaworld surplus

of beef cattle through the growth of the





industry in South America, and as for





our country. statistics for recent years

point to progress in the other direction.





The majority of right

How to Help a thinking people generally

Good Cause. agree regarding the things



most to be desired for

the betterment of society, but they often

differ very radically as to the best means

of furthering the desired end. The ques-

tion of morality is one Of these “rocks"

upon which the current of wholesome

pulic opinion is too often split into small

divisions which work at cross purpoSes.

Today the popular thing among a large

class of speakers and writers on this and

related subjects is to advocate the dis-

semination of knowledge, both in the home

and in the school, which will tend to en-

lighten the youth of the land on subJects

related to personal and public morality

and the future well being of the race. but

in a. manner directly opposed to the “old

school’j ideas. In this idea- as usually ad-

vanced there is so much of sordid sug-

gestion that old-fashioned people are re-

pelled by the idea. There is, however, a.

common ground on which all should be

able to meet, which is so well defined in

a preclamation recently iSsued by Gov-

ernor Ferris, in which he calls the

attention of Michigan people to “Pur-

ity Sunday," as designated by the Inter-

national Purity Congress. that we take

pleasure in reproducing it. The Gover—

nor's proclamation follows: ‘



The Seventh International Purity Con-

gress will convene in Minneapolis, Minn.,

November 7 to 12, 1913. Sunday, Novem—

ber 9. has been designated “Purity Sun-

day.” the purpose being to create and

crystallize intelligent sentiment against

the greatest evils of our time, and to di~

rect this stirred conscience into safe and

sane action for the annihilation of com-

mercialized vice and the promotion of

social and personal morality.



Every state in the Union is expending

vast sums of money for the purpose of

caring for its imbeciles, epileptics. luna-

tics, paupers and criminals. This is a.

commendable characteristic of modern

civilization. In recent years- the perti-

nent question has been asked: ““’hy

not give careful attention to the source

of these unfortunates?" Every child has

the divine right to be decently born. So—

cial and individual purity together with

physical and mental vigor constitutes a

secure means of making this divine right

possible.



The people of our great 'state must be

awakened. They must come to an ap-

preciation of the full meaning and im-

portance of a. single standard of virtue. if

they are ever to banish white slavery and

kindred crimes from society.



0n Purity Sunday let all the clergymen

of all of the churches appeal to all of the

people in behalf of that purity which

Christ taught. Emphasize the positive

side 0f personal righteousness. Much that

is printed in books and proclaimed from

the platform, in relation to sex problems,

is true, yet positively pernicious. Knowl-

edge in itself does not always make for

virtue—it may make for vicious conduct.

Therefore. awaken and arouse a. love for

purity. It is the sunlight of righteous-

ne5s that the youth of our land must have

if they are to grow into the fullness of

noble manhood and womanhood.



This is indeed common ground on which

all should be able to agree and a common

cause in which all shOuld be able to work.

Let us also teach, by personal example

as well as by word of mouth, that it pays

to lch clean, wholesome, useful, noble

lives from an immediate and practical

standpoint, as reflected in the satisfaction

derived from living, as well as from the

more spiritual or altruistic standpoint.





Just the other

day a successful

professional man

was heard to re-

mark that when he was choosmg a ca-

reer, he would far rather have chosen the

profession of agriculture than any other.

in fact, he prepared himself for that call-

ing by taking an agricultural course up-

on the prospect that his father w0uld be

In a position to provide him with a farm

after his education was completed. His

plans were changed. however. because of

the fact that his father met with finan—

cial reverses and was unable to provide

him with the farm after his agricultural

education was completed, for which rea-

son he earned the money to take a supple-

mentary college course. and prepared him-

self for another profession in which the

has been eminently successful. He had.

however, apparently never quite recover-

ed from the regret that it seemed neces-

sary for him to change his plans. It

meant a. long uphill struggle to attain





Agricultural Opportuni-

ties for Young Men.





success‘in the profession which he‘ on-

tered, and the rewards have been well

earned by him.



Believing that not a few country young

men, as well as young men who have not

been reared upon the farm. hold similar

ideas with regard to the opportunities op—

en to them along agricultural lines, we

have planned to publish in the Michigan

Farmer a series of articles relating to the

success of young men who have chosen

agriculture as their calling, but who, like

the successful professional man above

mentioned, had no prospect of securing

a farm in any other way than through

their own efforts. True, this has taken

ClOSe applicationrand hard work on their

part, but not more so, we believe, than

was the case with the professional man

above mentioned or a. host of others of

which his case is typical. The thing which

it is. desired to impress upon the Young

men on the farms of Michigan by this

means. is the fact that there are oppor-

tunities just as attractive for. the suc-

cessful pursuit of agriculture as for suc-

ceSs along any other line, whether it be

business or professional in character.





Having come to an appreciation of that

fact, any young man is far better preL-

pared to make a proper choice of his life

work than if he fell into the common er-

ror in thinking that success in life de-

pends upon the business or profession

which he chooses, rather than upon the

pers0nal qualifications and characteristics

which he either possesses or acquires.





Reference has fre-

Boys' and Glrls’ Clubs. quently been made



in these columns

to the boys’ corn clubs and the girls' can-

ning clubs which have been so largely 0r-

ganized and successfully conducted in the

southern states and which are becoming

increasingly popular in the. north, includ-

ing Michigan. So successful has been

the development of this idea. that the

work is apparently to be broadened along

other lines. As an evidence of such a

tendency, comes the news 0f the organ-

ization of boys’ pig clubs in two or three

of the southern states. This is really an

offshoot of the boys' corn club idea. In

this work the An'mal Husbandry Division

of the Department of Agriculture is co-

operating with the Farmers’ Demonstra-

tion Office in the Bureau of Plant In-

dustry.



The aim of the organization is to not

only encourage an increased production

of swine in the states where the organi-

zation has been started, but to also en—

courage the keeping of better bred pigs

than are being raised at present in these

localities. Indirectly, of course. this work

is a means to the end of reducing the

high cost of living, which is everywhere

the slogan of the economist these days.





There is no doubt that any educational

movement which will direct the attention

of farm boys and girls to the possibilities

of the industry with which they are so

familiar, will prove beneficial. Competi-

tive work along any line will also inspire

the young people with a desirable degree

of zeal in their efforts. As has been

pointed out, however, the factor of eco-

nomic production should never be lost

sight of in this educational movement.

and for best results, economy in produc-

tion should properly be given a. high val-

ue in the score card by which the results

secured by the youthful competitors are

finally scored.



TAKES THE PAPER FOR THE AD-

VERTISING.





 





Once in a while one of our subscription

men meets a farmer who admits he takes

the paper not only for the reading mat-

ter, but for the advertising as well.



We view that as a compliment. The

publisher. the reader and the advertiser

all constitute a trinity of interest in a

farm paper. and the interest of one can-

not suffer without all suffering. We are

proud of the fact that the Michigan Farm-

er attracts a high class of adVertising

patronage, and that these advertisers find

it profitable to be represented in the

paper.





HAPPENINGS OF THE. WEEK.





Natlonal.





Considerable interest is being aroused

over the bill passed by the United States

Senate and now before the House. which

provides that all passenger boats be pro-

vided with sufficient life boats and other

life saving equipment to accommodate all

paSSengers. The Dominion of Canada will

in all probability adopt rules similar to

those contained in the bill now before

the United States Congress. The owners

of passenger boats on the great lakes are

protesting vigorously on the grounds that

the requirements of the bill are such ”as





 





 





NOV; 83 1913.: i" ‘:





would apply; to ocean trafiic where routes

are long and it is difficult to ‘reach har-

bors in case of accident; but on the great

takes this condition does not prevail, and

the boat owners believe they are war-

ranted 'in opposing the measure. They

feel that it is particularly restrictive with

regard to the excursion traffic and ferry

serVice. '



The United States Good Road Associa-

tion will hold a convention and exposition

at St. Louis, Mo., November 10-15.



The income tax, which constitutes one

of the unusual methods of raising money

instituted by the American government.

became effective last Saturday, and it is

expected that from this source millions of

dollars will be brought into the public

treasury.



The federal grand jury sitting in Toledo.

returned indictments against 20 persons

last: Thursday afternoon; 12 were charged

with breaking into railroad cars. five with

white slavery, one with embezzlement

two with bootlegging, and one with break-

ing into a postoflice.



A shake—up has occurred in the post

office at Detroit. and many of the old em—

ployes have been lowered in rank and

have had their salaries reduced.



As we go to press. the great political

fight in New York state is being settled

by the voters. The campaign has been a.

bitter one. with the Tammany forces ar-

rayed on one side and a fusion ticket on

the other. Both sides predict success.



The falling of a brick warehouse at

Hartford, Conn, is believed to have killed

seven persons, while four others. fatally

injured. have been taken to hospitals.

The buiiding toppled onto the roofs of

adjoining wooden tenement h0uses. and

the victims were in the latter buildings.



A street car strike is on at Indianapo-

lis, the men Walking out last Friday. On

Sunday when an attempt was made to

move the cars by strike breakers. rioting

ensued, and many shots were fired by

Strikers and policemen.



Elections are held Tuesday in the states

of New York. Maryland, Virginia, and in

all municipalities of Ohio and Indiana.



The circuit court of 'Wa-yne county 'will

begin its third week of work in an en-

deavor to select a jury for the trial of

Alderman Glinnan. of Detroit. The ef-

fort to secure jur‘ymen was advanced

very little during the past week.



Because of an apparent desire on the

part of the strikers in the copper dis-

trict of upper Michigan to conduct the

strike peacefully, General Abbey and Gov.

Ferris are contemplating the withdrawal

of state troops and leaving the responsi-

bility of preserving order in the hands of

local authorities. There was a large par-

ade of strikers at Calumet, Sunday, but

no violence was reported. .



Chas. G. Gates. son of the great finan-

cler, died at Cody, Wyoming. last week

and was buried in New York Sunday.



The local option situation in Clare coun-



ty will be investigated by the state dee

partment, charges having been filed to

the effect that the law is not being en-

forced by the sheriff and prosecutor.

_ A preliminary conferencce of persons

interested in the production of alfalfa will

be held at the Sherman House, Chicago,

December 2, for the purpose of effecting

a permanent organization for a national

alfalfa congreSS in connection with the

Panama-Pacific Exposition at San Fran-

ciSco in 1915.



Complaints have been filed ’with the

governor of the state against Prosecutor

Shepherd, 0f Wayne county, in which it

is asked that the latter official be‘re-

moved. In an unofficial statement, the-

prosecutor declares that thecomp‘laints.

are the product of efforts on the'part of

agents of Alderman Glinnan. now on trial

in the Wayne County Circuit Court,

charged with misconduct in office. ,



A barn containing 32 horses burned last-

Friday night- here in the city. Only five

of the animals were rescued the remain-

ing 27 being destroyed in the flames.



. The Department of Agriculture has just‘

issued a statement, showing highly satis-

factory results from the workings of the

28-hour law designed to prevent cruelty

to animals in transit for markets. numer-‘

ous transportation companies having es-

tablished additional unloading and feeding

stations. It is also stated that while the

federal meat inspection law has no au-

thority to prescribe how to slaughter an-

imals, the government co-operates with

others working to prevent abuSes. Stun-

ning before bleeding is especially recom-

mended, as stunning causes concussion

if the brain and instant destruction of

consciousness. Stunning previous to‘ble‘ed-

1g meets the demands of humanitarian

sentiment and of hygienic requirements.



In arranging. to make a valuation of

the railroads of the country, the inter-

state cemmerce commission has divided

the country into five districts, each one

containing approximately 50,000 miles of

railway lines.



Foreign.



The administration remains silent on



the Mexican situation. Which is appar-

ently as muddled as it has been during

the past many months. The election

seems to have been a farce. at least no

tangible reSLiits haVe been reported. It

IS expected, however. that developments

of some definite nature will be forthcom-

lng in a week or so.

. There will be an election soon for fill-

ing five seats in the British House of

Commons. Owing to the strained rela-

tions between the different parties. and

the small working margin of the liberals

the elections will be fought earnestlv by

both sides. "



A_ competition for endurance flying

which extended over a period of six

months was recently closed by awarding

the cup to Marcel G. Bindlejonc. a'

Frenchman. who flew from Paris to War-

saw by way of Berlin. 3. distance of 933=

miles in 13 hours.



Three representatives of the ChineSe

government have arrived in thi '

for an yspection of United St‘a es mints.





/

.1





a ,2,r-.3~‘y ii.





.qountryf T





.
LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?

INFORMATION





 





 





 





 





‘I7Ie FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





E:





This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper every week.





Every article is written especmlly for it and does not appear els ewliere





 





 





rieties of the birch tree. These



trees are valuable for their beau-

tiful, close-grained wood, which, being

Susceptible of high polish, is a prime fav-

orite with furniture makers and cabinet

workers. The one best known in the

northern part of the [’nited States is

Betula papyifers, sometimes called white

birch but better known as the paper or

canoe birch. There is. another variety

which also claims the name of white

birch, and the two are much alike.



The paper birch simetimes attains a

height of 70 feet. The bark is light in

color. a silvery gray or white, curiously

marked with spots and lines. This bark

can be removed in paper-like layers, hence

the tree‘s familiar name.



The birch branches are very slender,

"so slender that they scarcely cast a

shadow,” some writer has said. Tapering

to a point the leaves are notched. finely-

cut, and flutter in the faintest breeze.

About the tree there is a marked grace,

a sense of aloofness from the work-a—day

world. To the poet Lowell this was tim-

hiity, for he said, “The birch, most shy

and ladylike of trees.”



L011gt‘ellow‘s “The Song of Hiawatha”

has familiarizcd American school children

with the tree. it is in that upper lake

region, where the mythical

the Nations"





NORTH AMERICA has several va-





“Delivercr of

came to his own,





that the





 





 





The Birch Tree.





By HOPE





DARING.





 





tree is seen at its best. To some of us

it is associated with the restful Summer

days when, with the birch tree overhead,

and the blue of the lake stretching away

to a. misty horizon line before us, we have

dreamed our dreams. Longfellow says;

“From the overhanging branches,

From the tassels of the birch—treeS,

Soft the Spirit of Sleep dchended.”

but to us the gift of the tree is peace.

rather than sleep.

It was to the birch tree that Hiawatha





turned first when he went about the

building of his canoe which was, in the

Ojibway tongue, a “Cheemaun.” His plea





was:

“Give me of your bark, 0 Birch- Tree!

Of \our yellow bark, O Bir-ch Tree!

Growing by the 1usl1ing iiver,

Tall and stately in the valley.



The young wa1rior had to repeat his re-

quest, and he reinforced it by the re-

minder, becatu‘e that was “the Moon of

Leaves” (May),



“Lay aside your white-skin wrapper,



For the summer time is coming,



And the sun is warm in heaven.



And you need no white—skin wrapper!”





 





Slender Young Blrches Growing Near. the Water’s Edge on Beaver island.





The tree, in the words of the poet,

"Rustled "in the breeze of morning”

and bade Hiawatha take what he desir-

ed.‘ At last, with the aid of other trees,



the canoe was finished.





“And the forest's life was in it,

All its mystery and its magic

All the lightness of the birch- tree.’





It was on “the smooth limit of a birch—

tree” that Hiawatha. taught his people the

art of “picture writing," enabling them

to record the deeds of their warriors and

to write:





“Songs of war and songs of hunting,

Songs of medicine and of magic





Among the legends the (Ijibway moth-

ers used to tell their children was one

conceining this tree. It has already been

stated that the beautiful bark of the birch

was curiously marked with spots. The

little Ojibways were told that once this

bark was smooth and unmarked. Nanah-

boozhoo—the same mythical personage

whom Longfellow called Hiawatha—was

cooking his solitary dinner in the forest.

He had shot a big bear and was very

proud and satisfied. As he turned the

slices of meat roasting over the coals he



thought how, when he reached the vil-

lage, lit would send somt of the braves

hack to wheie he had left the c1rcass of

the hem, that they might (any it home.

Such work was not for himsthe great

Nanahboozhoo. Just then a sI-owl disfig-

ured his face, and he looked upward to

see» what caused the noise that so annoy-

ed him .\1 last he di. <(“'"41\(le(l that the

tops of the two birch trees brtween which

he had built his the came torether. The

noise he heard was one rubbing against

the other.



“Stop that, you

commanded with

ferocious scowl.



The noise was continued. Nanahboozhoo

hastily (lambered up one of the trees and

tried to pull the tops apart. In his ef-

forts 11is hand was caught between the

two tops. The pain brought a cry from

the warrior’ s lips but he quickly hushed

it fearing lest the trees might tell of his

lack of fortitude. At last, after he had

Suffered greatly, he succeeded in freeing

his hand and scrambled down to the

ground. Then he cried out with rage;





birches!” the Indian

another and a more





were slinking away through

already gone me far for an

off with them

roasting over





two wolves

the forest,

arrow to reach them, and

they had carried the merit

the coals.



Nanahboozhoo trembled with anger. “it

is all your fault, you crying birch trees!”

and with a stout stick he beat the trees

until the bark .was bruised and scarred.

Until this day the bark is marked from

the beating given.



The moral?‘ If the 1‘Ijil'1way mother

drew one, it was doubtless that the de—

termination to have one's own way often

brings pain and trouble. Today, as one

dreams under the fluttering





the birches,





 





 





Splendid Specimens of the White Birch

Seen Near Bay View, Mich.





leaves whisper the message that pain and

suffering may “work their perfect work”

and add to a life’s grace and beauty.

“Out of the woods my Master went,

And He was well content.

Out of the woods my Master came,

Content with death and shame.”





lllliiillillliililiiiillilllilllillililllllliiillllilliilll|lillilllillilllilliiill|Illiiilliililllllillliiiiilllilllil‘Ii|illlllIIiIliiiilllllllillililllilliif||Illilil||||l|llllilliiilllilliilliliiillllliiiilillilliillililllliiiilllllillllllililliillliiiiillliiilliiliiliiiiiliiiiii iiiiilllilllliillillillliliillllllililliillillllllilllliliiliih l|iiiiilliiiiiiliilllllllillillliii|illliillilllllllliliiliiiltiiiililiiilliillliillliillI‘IiiiH3IIIIIIlillllilll|ilililiiiilliliiiiiiiliiiIIiiliillilliilIIi!Iiiillllliiiilliiiiiilliiiill





The Story of Platinum.





with gold and silver, both of which



have come' down to us from re-

mote antiquity. Savage tribes, even, are

found possessing articles rOughly made of

gold. Platinum, being much rarer and

more difficult to separate frOm impuri-

ties. has not been known or used to any

considerable extent until comparatively

recent times.



In the year 1735 a Spaniard named La

Tone, a member of a French scientific

expedition reported its discovery in Peru.

It was not considered of any paiticular

value, howevei, until about the 3ca1 182 0,

when it was found in the gold washings

of the mines in the ITral mountains. The

Russian government, recogniz’ng its qual-

ities, coined three-ruble pieces of the

metal, whic'h immediately opened the eyes

of the scientific world to its value. It is

interesting to note that the metal used

would today be worth six times the face

of the coins.



The name platinum is a modification of

the Spanish word “plata,” meaning sil-

ver. Thus the name by which we know

it today has been handed down from the

original diacoverer Peruvians called it

“platina del pinton, ” while the Malays of

Borneo have a name for it which trans-

lated into English means literally “frog

gold." The significance of this name is

not obvious. An Englishman tried to

name it “polyxene,” a Greek word mean-





PLATINUM is a new metal Compared





By CHARLES





H. CHESLEY.





 





ing “guest of many,” indicating its char-

acteristic of being foundin company with

other metals, such as gold, iridium, os-

mium, ruthenium, rhodium, paladium,

etc. This name, however, did not super-

sede the older platinum. Miners in Cali—

fornia and Australia call it “white gold."



Less than 5,000.000 ounces of pure plat—

inum have been mined since its discovery,

while more than 100 times as much gold

has come to light in the same time. Of

this amount about 90'per cent has been

found in the districts of Nizhne-Tagilsk

and Goroblagodatsk in the Ural mountains

0f Russia. South America has produced

perhaps 250.000 ounces, while Smaller

quantities have been found in Australia.

Borneo and Canada. Our oWn country

at the present time produces perhaps 400

Ounces yearly, and this is obtained as a

by-product of the gold washings of Cali-

fornia, Nevada and Colorado.



Platinum usually occurs in small flakes

or nuggets in sandy drift and along river

bottoms, and is always obtained by the

placer miner. In Russia the land of pro-

duction is owned by the nobility and





farmed out to peasants who ar‘o allowed

to mine a stated amount per year. Much

sand and several metals are found with

the crude platinum. The best quality. as

it comes from the pans of the placer min-

er. is 75 to 85 per cent pure. This crude

platinum is treated by chemical processes

to separate it from the impurities, after

which it is melted in a furnace capable

of generating a temperature of at leaSt

3.600 degrees, Fahrenheit. After melting,

it is poured into ingots, which are sub—

jected to great pressure, while still at

white heat, to solidify the particles. It is

then rolled into plate or drawn into wire

as desired.



The character of platinum is such that

in several particulars it stands in a class

by itself as compared with other metals.

It has a greater specific gravity than any

other known substance excepting iridium

and osmium, its two native brothers; its

melting point is so high that most metals

volatilize at a point where it starts to

melt; its co-eflicient of’ expansion is re-

markably low; no acid but aqua regia can

attack it; it is impervious to the corro-





sive action of oxygen and other gases; it

is untarnishable; combined with iridium,

its hardness is almost absolute, and it al-

most cOmpletely defies the elements. All

these qualities, combined with its capaci-

ty for taking a brilliant finish, make it

the ideal metal for jewelry.



Pure platinum is too soft for certain

uses, but, properly alloyed, it becomes

one of the hardest of substances. Iridium,

which is always found with pfatinum. is

the natural metal for this purpose. Though

much rarer and of greater value, yet it is

the only appropriate alloy. The addition

of 10 per cent iridium makes a metal

harder than 14-carat gold, while 20 per

cent makes a Subject that will practicallv

wear forever. Iridio—platinum is the al—

loy used for jewelry, and at present prices

1s worth something like $50 per ouncec.

This is about eight times the price of the

same metal twenty-five years ago. As

additional uses for it have been discov-

ered the price has steadily advanced. and,

unleSs larger deposits are found the val-

ue will increase with each year. It is only

just beginning to be recognized as a me-

dium for the maker of art jewelry to ex-

press his ideas. Of late, however. it is

being used more and more for this pur-

pose. Certain it is that an object made

of iridio-platinum is as nearly indestructi-

ble as anything made of metal can be.



The cost of a piece of jewelry made of

platinum will be considerably more than
422—10





for one made of gold. not only because of

the higher price of the metal but be-

cause of the increased cost of working

it. FOr obvious reasons it is much hard-

or to work than gold or silver.



Platinum is worth at the present time

more than four times as much as gold. It

is also more than twice the weight of 14-

carat gold, so that a jewel of platinum

weighs half as much again as one the

same size made of the yellow metal. This

feature also adds to the value of the

jewel, so even though the value of the





THE MICHIGAN FA‘RMER





metals, pennyweight for pennyweight, is

in the ratio of abOut one to f0ur, the Val-

ue of the material in the finished product

is nearer one to six.



Perhaps the greatestevidence of the

worth of platinum may be found in the

fact that the nations of the civilized world

have adopted it to make the standards

for weights and measures. It was con-

sidered the most durable metal and the

one available material that would remain

unchangeable through the ages of the

future.





2.11IllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllilIllllllIllllIl!lliillllilllllllllllllllllllliilllllIlllllllllllllllllllilllIllilllltillllllIl|lillillllIIllIl|IllIl|lllllllllllllllllllllllilllIllllll|||lllllHillElllllllllllllllllllllllill[Ill|llllllllllllllllllllllll





Unto Thyself Be True





By CHARLOTTE BIRD.





over the crowd. His artistic in-



stinct had led him to this village

horse saie With eager eye he took in

the young six—foot auctioneer on a dry-

goods box—his cowboy but, his enthusias-

tic face and eloquent gestures.



The visiting artist quietly drew a pen-

cil and notebook flom his pocket and set

to work. A quick, clever stroke here. a.

telling one there, and the details of the

scene had been transferred to the page

before him. So absorbed was he that he

(lid not notice the attention which his

rare employment was attracting. Then a

jovial bass voice over his shoulder re—





ROGER PERRY cast a curious glance





marked: “He has got Sile all right, ha!

ha! ha!”

“Well, by gosh!” exclaimed another,





preSsing forward. “Wouldn’t that git

you!“ and he, too, laughed aloud.



The thickening crowd around Roger de-

tracted attention from even the shouting

auctioneer; clearly his privacy was at an

end. Besides, this publicity was not to

his liking; the unflattering liberty which

he had taken, might be resented. He clos-

ed the notebook and put his sketching

outfit back into his pocket. His interrup-

tion, though, would make'no vital differ-

ence, because he had his salient points

already and the rest he could safely trust

to his memory. He turned and his clear,

honest gray eyes looked into those about

him—laughing eyes, awed a little in the

presence of such amazing ability in any

mere human being.



As the embarrassed Roger withdrew, he

heard same one inquire: “Who is the

guy? Where does he hail from?”



“He‘s Lucy Butler’s fellow from down

east somewhere,” came the answer as

readily as if it had been learned from

some book.



“Ah, that is the lay of the land! Some

swell, eh?”



“That’s about the Size of it, I guess.”



After this the most egotistic curiosity

could not have tempted Roger to remain.

lie had a good sketch in his pocket,

though, and he was thankful.



Yet Roger was in no hurry to develop

his sketch. . Since the failure of his pic-

ture in New York a month before a men-

tal and spiritual paralysis had held him

d0wn by its dead weight and every im-.

pulse of creation came to his brain still-

born. He had spent almost a year lov—

ingly painting his “Dawn," confident al-

ways that it must convey to others the

beauty so clear to his own soul. Yet the

picture had failed. Then for him also,

somehow it had become cheap and shal-

low the grave of his highest hopes. On

a less scale this had been his experience

with former pictures. Perhaps it would

always be so; perhaps his 00y muse did

not intend that he should ever wear the

laurel. Ten whole years out of his best

manhood had been sacrificed to this vain

pursuit. The thought sickened him, gave

him an impulSe to break something,





 





With a profound self—pity he reviewed

these years of sacrifices and privations.

This result after the glorious vision of

succeSs with whiCh he had started—this

tantalizing, maddening pursuit of a mere

elusive shadow! As reasonably seek the

fabled pot of gold at the foot of the rain-

bow!



As a plain business man, by now he

might have had a fat income, with a

beautiful home and an automobile. Other

men less gifted and ambitious had all

these things and more, and were har-

assed by no vain ideals. “Yes, better a

prosperous grocer than an unsuccessful

artiSt!” he decided with conviction “I

have won Lucy from her other suitors

and now, by Jove. I’ll support her.”



This reflection brought Roger to Lucy’s

home. He turned up the clean cement





walk which, straight as an arrow's flight,





out the velvet lawn in two. His fastidi-

ous eye took in the conspicuous tower at

one corner of the ambitious brick house.

This, with the many useless gables be-

trayed the vulgar aim to lead the fashion

iather than interpret lines of beauty. All

was staringly new and orderly and com-

monplace; no vines, no trees, no moss-

grown shingles. Mr. Butler had

and he was Lucy’s father, but these did

not lift his architectural taste above crit-

icism. Roger wondered why money and

artistic taste were so seldom united in

the same person.



It was a prematurely warm day in

April, dreamy, hazy and with vague inti-

mations of an impending thunder storm.

In the porch parlor Roger‘s pleased eyes

discovered Lucy herself With a bit of

fancy work. As he mounted the steps,

their eyes met in a smiling, trustful

glance. She waved him‘to a big arm

chair near the stand which held the mag-

azines and a fern in a pink and green

jardinierre.



“Never mind, this will do,” and Roger

sank down on the edge of the porch fac—

ing Lucy, The faint pink mounted to her

cheeks.



“You have had a nice walk?” she asked

rather solicitously.



“Very nice. And I got a, good sketch.

Do you know this fellow?” Thus speak-

ing, Roger produced his notebook and

tossed it into her lap.



“Know him, of course,” she laughed.

“You have got Silas Graham to the finish,

even to the wrinkles where the leather

band puckers in the crown of his hat.

And you have caught the spirit of the

scene." She gazed at him in admiring

silence while he. indifferently flicked his

shoe with a twig he had picked up.



With something approaching proprietor—

sbip the artist‘s betrothed leafed through

the book and looked at the other sketches,



Meanwhile, he sat absently noting the

rounding chin, the shell-like ear and the

strongly marked nose, and approving of

the peculiar blue of her dimity frock

against her clear pink and white skin.



“It is wonderful, such a. gift,” and her

soft brown eyes were lifted to the level

of his face. “It has something holy.”



“Oh, I don’t know,” he sighed depre-

catingly With Lucy he never shared his

diSCouragementS. Presently he said:

”Lucy, dear, I am going to speak to your

father this evening.”



She visibly started and the pink of her

cheeks deepened into a blush. “It may

be as well,” she spoke in a low voice.

“But father is a plain business man, y0u

know; he understands very little of art."



“Perhaps I can lead him to understand

it better,” at which suggestion from her

lover the girl‘s eyes took on a lovely

sheen.



That evening, accordingly, the trim,

alert young artist tremblingly but un-

flinchingly followed the neat, smooth-fac-

ed, prosperous—looking middle-aged busi-

ness man to the porch. He noted that

Mr. Butler’s clothes were of the same

shade of gray as his whitening hair. He

c0uld not look at Lucy’s father just now

but he leaped into the subject with a,

direct question.



Mr. Butler sank into an easy chair; he

looked flushed and worried. His fluency

with a vital question might argue shal-

lowness of affection,adeficient estimate of

life's deeper meanings “Aheml” and the

father used an impressively long time in

drawing out his snowy handkerchief and

wiping the moisture from his brow “You

——you have talked with my daughter?”





“Yes, sir; we are both of the same

mind.”

“Just so. Ahem! What, may I ask,





have you to—to offer my daughter as

your wife? Can you support her—give

her a. good home?"





money‘





ROger winced. These questions betray-

ed the cold-blooded financier, the Philis-

tion, and involuntarily a. slight contempt

arose in his heart. “I hope—I expect—to

give her one of the best of homes—in

time,” he stammered.



“Ah, in time! Now, Mr, Perry, you

must see for yourself that that is not very

definite,” and Mr. Butler’s white, stubby

fingers drummed the arms of his chair.

“The question is, what can you do for a.

Wife now?”



Again Roger blushed. “My material

means, Mr. Butler, I confess, are mainly

prOSpective. But I have a reasoaable hope

that—”



“That is, your assets hardly justify you

at present in assuming the responsibility

of married life. Your business, Mr. Per,-

ry, I understand, is to paint pictures. Do

you expect by that means alone ever to

gain a competency?”



The sensitive young man’s ears caught

Mr. Butler’s disapproval. He saw in the

man before him one whose only gauge of

success was the amount of visible hoard

one had collected. “I may never win

what one would call riches,” he honestly

admitted. “But in time comfort will come.

Success, Mr. Butler, is no affair of mere

dollars and cents.” In the younger man’s

tone also was something which the less

acute ears of his hearer c0uld afford to

ignore. .



“Money is the visible sign .of inner qual-

ities.” emphasized Mr. Butler aloud.





_“W'hy don't you adopt some business by,





which you may be sure of a compensation

fer your time and labor?” The practical

father’s question wasl definite and clear-

cut, like that of a3 an who carefully

stakes out his course beforehand and then

steers accordingly.



“Why not?” the diseouraged Roger si-

lently pondered. “God knows. I am heart-

ily sick of this pinching poverty and this

mocking chase after a will of the wisp.”



Mr. Butler resumed: “If you and Lucy

are bound to have each other, I might

make a place for you in our banking

business. I like you—personally. I have

no son of my own and, if you are faith-

ful, with yOur natural quickneSS you

should some day be able to step into my

shoeS. You and Lucy could prosper then.

Now this painting business— I frankly

own, I do not like it. Pictures are very

nice and all that—in their places. But

they can never take the place of bread.

I am a plain, practical man myself and I

prefer a son-in-law capable of doing a.

man's work in the world.”





Roger was thinking intensely. Here





was an escape from his difficulties. “Mr.

Butler,” he answered preSently, “I’ll—I’ll

take you up on your proposition.” No,





his grudging muse should not hinder. “I

feel the need of some remunerative em-

ploymentvon Lucy's account, especially,

I need a home.”



“Now I hear the voice of a. man; begin

tomorrow, if you like.”



The tw0 parted with mutual good will.

Going into business, Roger threw aside

his sketch of the horse sale, soon to be

forgotten except by those who recalled his

extraordinary cleverness.





Time passed. Each moment in the pro-

cession of official hours found Roger at his

desk, quick, cheerful and eager to conquer

the difficulties of his new work. With

pleasure Mr. Butler silently noted the

young man's faithfulness and spared him-

self no pains in teaching. Roger was cer—

tainly succeeding.



Presently, if Roger found his duties a

bit prosy, he hinted no complaint and the

time passed with surprising rapidity. And

he was relieved of all money anxieties. In

the evening he was always at the Butler

home, frequently in time for dinner. Lucy

appeared radiantly happy. Roger was

gay and, naturally, their mood was re-

flected upon the spirits of the sobered

parents. The happy family spent many

hOurs together. Roger looked upon him-

self as already established in the house-‘

hold. He was suffused with the atmos-

phere of Mr. Butler's fatherly pride and

the love of the domestic Mrs. Butler,

content to take her opinions secondhand

from her husband.



By the end of one blissful month Roger

began to find the rigid bank routine with

its regularity of hours and long rows of

figures a bit depressing. What was more

disturbing. though, was the stirring of

life where he had imagined all dead or

at least 'quiescent to the point of easy

mastery. But he would not be buffeted

by every whim; there could be no turning

back nOW, Then was not Lucy worth any

sacrifice? .



Late May found the trees in their new

leaves, the air sweet and exhilarating.

Each day, as Roger walked out. into the





Nev..8.19i3..fl. ~





glory of early morning, he opened his

arms and expanded his chest that he

might more deeply inhale all this 11""9

beauty. He longed for an enlarged ca-

pacity to take beauty in. Then, when he

must shut himself inside the bank and,

instead of dreaming of bird songs, green

grass, blue sky, grind away at dry ac-

counts—then for him life paused and

would not go on again till he found him—

self once more free to wander in God's

own world. All the lovely time between

his intervals of freedom was wasted,

thrown away!



Still all this was rank sentiment; he

was now indentured to a practical. com-

mon sense life. He w0uld yet strangle

these visionary longings and come to

something in the world. Thus he return-

ed ,to his distasteful tasks.



So matters stood on that day when

Roger was thrown from his bicycle and

had his arm broken. The sympathetic

Butlers at once invited him to their home,

till he should recover. He steadfastly re-

fused to make them so much trouble.

though in a day or two his evening visits

he reSumed. In short, he had found it

imperative to be alone that he might

dream, commune with his soul, mature

the persistent images which hovered in

his mind. So urgent had the creative

impulse grown that more than once his

injury came to him in the nature of a.

masked blessing. He escaped to the

woods and spent blissful hours upon his

back under the trees reveling in his com-

plete surrender to the magic of nature.

In the open country his Soul expanded un-

der the wide reach of unobstructed sky,

till it came into vital touch with the In-

finite. After such a day he returned to

Lucy absent—minded and incomprehensi-

ble. Yet he was more tender than ever;

his soul was warmed and thrilled with

the love of the universal which attends

every act of artistic creation. And Lucy

was a part of the universal life.



Roger’s impulse to paint had ripened

into a passion. That his musings might





take definite form one day he leafed

through his sketch-book and came upon

his picture of the horse sale.- With fran-





tic haste he sought out his colors“ and

brushes, is palette and mahlstick and with

all the old relish set to work. How lucky

that it was his, left arm which had been

broken! _ Once again he could really live

—till his healed arm should force him to

resume his bread and butter struggle in

prison. ’



Never before had Roger Perry painted

with such facility as in this race with his

healing arm. Every victory, wrung in his

tedious struggle with technique. every

line suggeStion from the work of the

masters, favored him and the rapidity

with which he matured his conceptions,

made him anxious as to their artistic val-

ue. His rest from art work also had giv-

en him strength and freshness. All day

he worked and grudged the loss of a mo—

ment. Only when relaxation became im-

perative did he hasten to Lucy.’ In un-

restrained freedom his spirit soared in

its own element. Lucy may have won-

deredat' his buoyant air, for not even

she shared his secret. In it her father

would have discerned a deplorable weak-

ness while Lucy would have discovered

no new virtues. ‘V’Vith a definite result a

plenty of time would remain for an-

nouncements and applause.



At length, Roger could no longer pre-

tend inability to resume his bank duties.

Perhaps Mr.9 Butler already suspected him

of an unmanly indulgence of a physical

ill. But every day the idea of returning

to the bank grew more hateful. There

was some alleviation. though, for his

horse sale. now finished, had been sent

to New York in search of a buyer. One

more throw of the dice could do no harm.



On the morning set Roger returned to

his commercial work. His appetite for

painting had only been whetted; give up

his pictures now he really could not. So

he would get up every morning and en-

joy a few precious hours withhis art be-

fore the prostitnting of his manhood to

mere money-getting.



Thus daily at nine o‘clock. when a min-

ute or two late he stepped into the scene

of his daily toil, his brain still remained

in the grasp of the tyrant idea with whose

expression he had just before been strug-

gling. This swam so insistently before

his eyes that he hardly saw the papers

before him. Thus he never caught Mr.

Butler's gaze turned questioningly upon

him nor imagined the older man’s grow-

ing doubt.



With time, however, it‘ sifted-into Rog-

er’s self-centered mood, that Mr. Butler

was not wholly pleased. One day things

suddenly came to a head. Mr. Butler. per-



(Continued on page 425).





 

 





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NOV. 8, 1913.





THE FIRST SNOWFLAKES.





 





BY FANNIE HOSNE‘R.





The first flakes of November‘s snow

Fell from a low gray sky.



They slowly fell, as loath to leave

Their cloudland home on high.





The first white flakes, they ventured down

Like aviators bold.



The grass was green in sheltered nooks,

The trees were red and gold.





Adown beside the garden fence

A sweet wild aster grew.



And shivered as it felt the snow

Garess its petals blue.





Those fairy flakes: they kiss your cheek

And leave a parting tear.



But seen? to breathe, “My child. be good,"

Before they disappear.





The children clap their hands in glee.

They love the fieecy snow.



They wouder when the ice will hold

And when their sleds will go.





I view the crystal flakes of white

IVith something of a sigh.



It brings to me a vivid thought—

How quickly months slip by.





It seems but yesterday I heard

The firSt sweet robin sing.



And found. close by a woodland brook,

The first wild flower of spring.





But spring has passed. and summer, too,

And autumn’s at its noon;

And yet it seems as though the snow

Had almost come too soon.

TRAPPING THE UNSUSPICIOUS

MUSKRAT.





BY GEO. J. THIESSEN.





The muskrat is trapped early in the

season, as a rule, yet its fur is not prime

until in spring. By prime. I 1118.11] of

first quality. And it is a fact that a large

percentage of all the pelts are taken by

beginners each year, simply because the

animals are easy to trap.



If one will walk along the edges of a

creek, river, or pond, in all probability he

will see some large flat tracks in the

mud and occasionally a mark which re-





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





beaver, otter, muskrat, etc., will dive for

deep water when caught; if the chain of

the trap is so fixed that it will not only

permit them to reach deep water but will

guide them to it, the weight of the trap,

in the came of the smaller fur bearers.

will drown them. Hence, the sliding-wire

device is nothing more nor less than a

wire or pole having one end staked on the

bank and the other in deep water, so that

the ring on the trap chain will slide freely

upon it. >



Find a muskrat slide. At the foot of

it place a trap in about three inches of

water. In case a sliding-wire device iS

not used, stake the set where it is deep

By deep, I mean at least a foot 01' two—

J'ust enough to drown the animal. This

is one of the simplest methods of trap-

ping the muskrat and. by the way, one of

the mOSt succeSSful also.





I prefer three inches of water to cover

my traps for in most cases the animals

are caught by the hind legs when the

water is of this depth. This reduces the

chances of escape. If the water is too

deep, build up with stones and mud until

it is just right. Another simple set is

made by placing traps at the. entrances

to dens or houses.



Early fall is the time when it is easiest

to catch the muskrat. It is Very busy

at this time of the year, laying in food.

etc. for winter. During cold weather

these fur bearers are extremely difficult

to take. owing to the fact that they do

not go about much.



The musquash—the Indian name for

muskrat—may be attracted by bait, such

as apples, corn, carrots, beets, parsnips,

etc. In fact I (‘onFidcr parsnips best, be-

cause of the pungent odor which these

vegetables have. They will draw the ani-

mals a long distance. A good method of

taking them with bait is to place the de-

coy on astick about ten inches above the

water, where it is shallow. A trap placed

near by completes the set.



Strange as it may seem. these small fur

bearers are very curious regarding white





 





 





 





I





A Bright City Lad and his Miniature Corn Field.





Life in the heart of a great city imDOSes a heavy handicap upon the young-

ster who has a natural liking for the soil and for growing things. The above pic-

ture tells the story of a six-year-old Baltimore lad, Leonard K_ Hirshperg, Jr, by

name, whose. desire for a corn field was not to be thwarted. Although everw bit

of yard space had been paved with cement, it was his own idea that a box of soil

would suit his purpose and he accordingly prOcured a 2x4-ft. soap box in which

when properly filled with ‘earth. be planted several hills of sugar corn. The plant-

ing was done in May and so careful andconstant were the attentions of this young

corn grower that fully developed ears were taken from his field in September,





 





 





 





sembles a half of the Miter “S.” Further

Search will reveal the fact that paths,

more commonly known as slides, are to be

found along the banks. If in a pond or

lake, mud houses can be discerned rising

from the shallow water; if in a stream

dens can be located along the banks.

These are invariably signs of the pres-

ence of the muskrat.



Small traps should be used for taking

theSe little animalS. I prefer the N0. 0

although many use a. No. 1. The smaller

traps Will not break a leg bone so easily

as a larger one, and the fact of the mat-

ter is, the users of large traps are the

ones who usually find feet in their sets

instead of pelts. There is a way, how-

ever, to secure every muskrat caught-and

that 'is by using the sliding-wire device.

This-device, is merely a method of 'fast-

ening which is used not only for taking

the muskrat, but for :11? other aquatic an-e

imals. Water animals, such as the mink,





paper and cloth. If a hit of it is placed

near a trap, often several fur bearers are

taken with this simple set.



Very often a pumpkin placed in shal-

low water and surrounded by Several

traps will prove an ideal method of tak-

ing the muskrat, especially if the stakes

may be driven in deep water. I have

caught as many as three animals in a

night with a pumpkin as a decoy.



I would not advise the amateur to try

taking the muskrat with a land set. for

he will not have great success at it. Very

frequently paths to corn fields may be

found. places which seem to be ideal for

SetS. And yet a few experiments will

convince the beginner that he will do

better by placing all his traps under

water.



Common sense should be used in choos-





ing a I)‘llt. If corn fields are near, try,

apples, etc. Do not select any vegetablel





that Is handiest, for if you do the chance;





11—423





 





 





 





 





 





r All Told





265 Thousand Women





rote to Us





The Last 6 Months





Over a quarter of a million!

And every letter was quickly

and fully answered: not in

print, but in personal, helpful

and confidential letters by

mail.





Twenty-one of the Editors on Tfle Ladz'es’

Home journal/3“ staii do this work: each





an expert in her or his line, whether it is'





Fashions, Needlework, Household, Mil—

lincry, Music, Babies, Books, Religion,

Building a House, Home Parties, Church

Sociablcs or Confidential Ailairs. It makes

no diflcrcncc what the question is, an

authority is there to tell you what you

want to know: Josef Holmann about the

Piano, Hamilton W. Mabic about Books

and Reading, Lyman Abbott about Re—

ligion, Jane Addams about Human Bettor-

mcnt, two expert woman doctors about

Babies, and so on.





For 20 years 77%: Ladz'es’ Home Journal has

been building up this personal service back

of the magazine: a personal relation be-

tween thousands of women and the editors,

so that the magazine has nOt remained a

thing of type and paper, but has become a

personal, living help in the lives of hundreds

of thousands of women.





 





ot a penny is ever charged for this serv-

c. It is at the free disposal of every reader





of 7726 Laa’z'ey’ Home Journal.





A booklet, entitled “The Story of 600,000

Invisible Hands,” tells something about

this service. A postal-card request will bring

a copy.



A year’s subscription to The Ladies’ Home Journal,





by mail, costs $1.50, or it may be bought from any

Newsdealer or Boy Agent at 15 cents a copy.





THE CURTIS PUBLISHING COMPANY

INDEPENDENCE SQUARE

PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA





 





 





 





 





 





 





\
424—12





,. i‘ , Write for





 

 

 

 

 





 





‘ That’s the name

,_ of the beautiful

/.". .



\ girl on the





 





—.-r \. I I, [I

25/3 (,I i I'

"11914



Calendar





” \ (Size, 13 x 32 inches)





Send your name and

address and a 2c stamp

(it pays part of the

postage) and we ’ ll

send you' Free and

postpaid this beautifully litho-

graphed and perfect reproduc-

tion of the oil painting

I'Betty,"palnterl especially for

us. 1914 calendar is attached.

FREE

Coca-Cola booklet enclosed.

THE COCA-COLA C0.

Atlanta. Ga. .,





Get A Iianadian Home





In Western Canada’s

Free Homestead Area





The Province of gas several

Manitoba “grams:

tricts that afiord rare opportu~

nity to secure 180 Acres of

excellent agricultural land FREE.





For Grain Growing

and cattle Ilalsin





“if this Province has no superior

.- j and in profitable agriculture shows an

.- unbroken period of over a quarter of a





n my.



Perfect Climate: Good Markets: Rail,

ways Convenient: Soil the very best. and

social conditions most desirable.



Vacant lands adjacent to Free Home-





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER‘





are you will have but a small catch at

the end of the season.



Very frequently small, shallow ponds

may be found along rivers, streams, etc.

These will usually be connected by nar-

r0w passages, made by muskrats. As a.

rule, places may be found that are deep

enough for traps; if not. it is very easy

to scoop out excavations. Sets placed

along these paths always give good

results.



When an animal is caught, remove its

pelt just as soon as possible. Aside from

the fact that the skinning is easier, it

pays in dollars and cents. Many furs,

which otherwiSe would be prime, grade

as “trash” because they have been left

on the animal for days. The majority of

hair-slipped skins, in my opinion, are the

result of this negligence. By “hair-slip-

ped,” I mean those pelts from which the

fur may be easily pulled out in bunches.



Dry the pelts in a cool place—never

over a fire. Do not use salt or other

preparations on them. Place the skins

flesh side out, using tacks. if wooden

stretchers are employed, to keep the hides

in place. The tails of muskrats are of no

value. Do not try to skin them.





 





ONLY ONE.

BY LOU D. STEARNS.



“I wish,” said Donny, looking up from

his lunch of bread and milk, “that I had

a thousand dollars.”



“And what,” his mother inquired. draw-

ing a pan of cookies from the oven,

“would you do with it, son?"



“I’d get a turkey ’most as big as a.

house. and a whole lot of pumpkin pies,

and—and—oh, a twenty-pound box of hon-

ey, and candy, and nuts, and everything,

and go give everybody a Thanksgiving

dinner."



He reached t0ward the plate of steam-

ing cookies. “Can I?” he begged.



She nodded. “You haven’t a thousand





 





 





steads may be purchased and also in the

older Districts lands may be bought at

reasonable prices.



For Further Particulars. address





 

 

 





M. V. McInnes

Detroit, Mich.





or write Superintendent of immigration.

Ottawa. Canada.





 





 





Farms and Farm lands For Sale





100 ‘cr. Faun—Half mile from Milford. Mich.

Fine location. Good buildin . Price

sixty-five hundred. Address. B. B. CLARK. fiilford.





NEW JERSEY FARMS F0” 3“ ”moses-





Near good markets-

Oomp's Farm Agency. 147 E. State St... 'l‘renton.N. J.





 





 





 





' and nnim rovod lands in Delaware.

Full" Farm‘ divereifle farming, live stock, de-

licious fruits and ideal homes. For information

address. State Board of Agriculture, Dover. Delaware.





FARMS—«5084mm dairy farm. 2 miles north

of Ann Arbor. 480-acre stock farm,

4mlles from Lansinfi Several smaller farms near

Lansing. Adress J. . TOWAR, East Lansing. Mich.





new YORK

FARMS slams” acacia?





McBUBNEY a 00.. Fisher Bldg.. Chicago. Ill.





BUY A F ARM—In Montcalm or Kent County



where it. pays to farm. All sizes

and prices. Come and see for yourself. MICHIGAN

FARM HOME COMPANY. Greenville, Michigan.





MICHIGAN FARMING" LANDS





Near Saginaw and Bay City. in Gladwin and Midland

Counties. Low prices: Easy terms: Clear title. Write

for maps and particulars. STAFFELD BROTHERS.

16 Merrill Building. Saginaw. (W. S.). Michigan.





 





 





Are the best anywhere. and

lowest priced. We show and





 





 





 





F s | —In whole or part.320 acre Southern Michigan

or a e farm. Good soil, buildings and fences. $80

poi-acre. 0.8. Schnirer. 214 Dewey Ave..Swissville. Pa.





Ogemaw 00.. Mich., Cut

Over Hard Wood Lands.





Adjacent to Rose City on D. a M. B. R. for sale

cheap. For particulars address.

JOCOB SCHWARTZ. Saginaw. Michigan.





 





 





70 A *Eight-room house, barn. 50x30 with

cres basement. corn house, hen house. cp-





plefi. pears. grapes. . School near, farm. $2000, $800

cash. balance long time!) percent interest. .

Hall's Form Agency. Owezo. Tlogn Co.. 1‘. Y





 





, a a

t s urprismg—

how cheap good farm lands can be

bought in Virginia at present. Fertile . ’

terms and fruit lands on railroad

$10 an acre up. Write for list



and information.

1". H. LaBaums, Agrl. Agt.

Norfolkdv. Western Ry.. Room 221

N. &W. Ry Bldg, Roanokc.Vn. '





 

 

 

 

 





 

 





 





Stock. Tools and Crops





250 Acres. S8000. Easy Terms.

James Wilson. Ex. Sec. of the U. S Dep. of Agricul-

ture. after personally inspecting New York State

farms. said: “Hereafter when a young man with a

llew hundred dollars asks where he can engage in

tanning to the best. advantage I shall ask that

hobo directed to the possibilities existing throughout

New York State." his money-making more New

York State valley farm carries 60 cows. cuts 90 tons

hay. rich deep soil for general crops. fruit in abund~

once. wood for home use: 60 ft barn ties up 50 cows:



10~room house: close to village and school. if

taken now price includes 29 choice Jersey cows. bull.

32yonrllnge. all machinery. tools and crops for .

part cash. picture of house and barn and full details

are on page 3. Fall List Strout's Biggest Farm

Bargains: write today for your free copy. . .

STROUT FARM AGENCY. Station 101, Union Bank

Bldg. Plttsburg. Pa.





 





17 6 Jefferson Ave l





,dollars, Laddie Boy," she replied. “and

you cannot give everybody a Thanksgiv-

.ing feast. But how about doing what you

ican? There is old Mr. Day to begin

iwith.”



Don's face fc'i. “He is only one." he

’argued, “and Mr Lee said yesterday in

Sunday school, you know, there were loads

and loads of folks who wouldn’t have any

Thanksgiving dinner at all. One wouldn’t

help out very much, I’m sure."



His mother went on filling her cooky

pan for the oven. “if I hadn't a thing

for Thanksgiving." said she, “I think I

would be pretty glad to have somebody

decide that just one counted, if I happen-

ed to be that one. VVouldn’t you?"



Don‘s eyes began to shine. “You bet

I would." he cried. “\Vhy, ma! \Vhen we

boys lost our train last Saturday and had

to go without supepr until nine o'clock I

was most starved, and it felt—” he hesi-

tated, “well." he finished, “it didn‘t feel

good. After all, eVerybody’s just one,

aren’t they, ma?"



She agreed, with a smiling nod. “And

when that one happens to be you," she

said emphatically, “it makes quite a dif-

ference whether someone remembers or





{Ox-gets.”

His eyes dropped; then he. looked up

inquiringly. “\Vhat’ll we do?” he asked.

Mrs. Dcan considered. “I will give a.

plate of turkey and potatoes.” she an-

nounced. “You will have to do the rest.”





“But.” he faltered' “how—how——"



"You know, son.” she interrupteugrave-

ly, “that I have to count pennies, oven

for us two. There is no big father to

work for his man-son, you see. But, Don,

there is the pumpkin pie I always bake.

and the little dish of plum pudding and

cranberry sauce, the few nuts and ap-

ples and the cookies. I am going to give

half of my share to Grandma Dane. If

you want to divide yours with Mr. Day, all

right. We can share what is left.”



For a mOment here was silence while

Don lookcd thoughtfully down at the floor.

He did love pumpkin pie and plum pud-

ding, and besides—“but,” he argued, “we’d

be hungry, then.”



“Oh, no,” she replied cheerily. “There’ll

be the turkey. son: and plenty of pota-

toes, and bread and butter. \Ve wouldn’t

have quite so many goodies, but we are

not alone, you know—~0r old, or sick.”





She turned to the sink and began to

wash her baking dishes. and Don crossed

to the window and began drumming on

the glass.



“Do you think I ought to?” he asked

slowly

“It would be kind, dear,” replied his

mother. And then, all at once, Don re-

membered how Mr. Lee had finished his

Sunday talk.



“The boy who is kind.” he had said.

“especially if he has backbone enough to





 





put others before himself and practice a.

little denial now and then, is on the way

toward the very best sort of manhood."



His head came up with a jerk; his

shoulders stiffened. “Ma,” he said, cross-

ing to the sink, the light of real manhood

in his eyes, his boyish face full of a hap-

py glow, “Can I go now and tell him he‘s

to have Thanksgiving sure this year?"





BIRDS IN WINTER.





 





BY J. A. KAISER.

That birds are the farmer's friends has

been proved beyond all question. That

the decrease in the numbers of some

species, and the practical extinction of

others, has been detrimental to the farm-

er’s interest is also an established fact.

Were all bird life to become extinct, the

farmer would be swiftly and decisively

beaten in the battle for existence. The

teeming insect life that is kept in check

by birds would multiply a million fold and

devastate the land. . Birds are the natural

enemies of insects and weeds, and insects

and weeds are the natural enemies of

man. It is probable that even hawks and

the larger owls, the outlaws among the

feathered folk, do more good than harm,

though it is not in their behalf that this

article is written.





Since birds are necessary to the success

and prosperity of the farmer, it would

seem but fair and just that he care for

and defend his friends in time of need.

In winter, when the snow lies deep and

the Frost King reigns supreme. it is of-

ten di cult and sometimes impossible for

birds to obtain the food necessary to sub-

sistence. A handful of grain. a few

crumbs from the table, a few cracked

nuts, or a bone with meat on it, will cost

but little and may save some bird from

starving. The farmer who has'the rare

privilege of feeding a flock of quails that

have been driven to the orchard or barn-

yard in search of food may engage in a.

profitable investment, for the quail has

bee" found one of the most beneficial of

all our birds. The passing of a '-w pro-

hibiting forever the slaying of this useful

and inoffenSive bird wouid be a step in

the right direction.



Although the majority of our birds go

south in winter, a considerable number

remain. Barring the English sparrow.

which is an old—world product and always

with us, our most common birds in win-

tcr are: the blue jay. the nuthatch, the

downy woodpecker, the gold-flinch, and

the chickadee. All of these frequent the

orchards and dooryards and may be eas—

ily fed. Last winter the writer kept a.

supply of cracked hickory .nuts outSide

the living-room window, on the window

ledge. The first day, the sharp eyes of a.

pair of blue jays detected the nuts; after

that the birds came daily for their food.





And now that I have mentioned the

blue jay, I cannot refrain from saying a

word in his defence. Many people regard

him as a thief and a murderer, but while

he sometimes robs the nests of other

birds. his depredations are not frequent

nor wide spread, and the good that he

does more than balances his evil deeds.

In summer, when all our song birds are

here, we coald well dispense with the

blue jay. But when the migratory birds

have flown he rises into prominence and

becomes a familiar part of the scenery.

His call sounds welcome now, and he

lends life and color to the gray November





landscape and the snowy wastes of

winter.



' If chickadecs frequent your place in

winter, which is more than likely. they

will appreciate a few crumbs or a bone

hung from a. near—by tree. The wood-

chopper who takes his dinner to the





woods and builds a fire by which to eat

it, enjoys the society of the chlckadees

who are sure to be on hand to share the

mid-day meal. “'ho that knows the

chickadee does not love him! Tiny though

he be, he defies the worst storms and

severest frosts of winter. He is the em-

bodiment of pluck, endurance, and hardi—

hood. His familiar and characteristic call

rings as merrily as though the June sun

were shining, And. in his rarer moments,

the Chickadee can Sing—a lisping, tink-

ling, silvery song that is as sweet as it

is short.



Although our birds in winter are by no

means so conspicuous or numerous or

musical as the' birds of summer. yet we

would miss them sadly, and old scenes

would no longer seem familiar. These

hardy feathered folk typify the eternity of

the life that Sleeps beneath the ice and





snow. They break the monotony and

give vivacity and color to the winter

landscape. Let us care for and defend





the birds fOr utilitarian reasons if you

will, though I like better the man who





 





NOV. 8, 1913.





u ‘ ”99





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m. i





Farmer or Far ntserts

a: marinarafixza: Ff"



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Tremendous seller. Write

quick for wholesale terms and prices.





C.G.Brandt Ifg. 00.. 148 Duane MN.





rw‘o PRICES





Save $8.00 to $22.00 on

Hoosier Ranges

and Heaters





Why not buy the Best when you can

buy them at such low unheard—of

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before you buy. Send postal

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catalog and prices.

It" State St..|!arion. Ind.





   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





. candle power. one-third cents per hour. A

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1001 Summit St. Toledo Ohio.





 





 





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I a. k e 8 126





GDVEHIIEII FARMERS UNITED mom], 1»...





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FOR SALE OR TRADE FOR FARM





A stock of Boots and Shoes. $4000 stock. Repair shop

0. V. PRATT. Homer. Mich.





which pays the nut:





 





 





1*





'I
\





 





w ‘7 a... wwv‘ ~ ..





 





 





 





NOV. 8, 1913.





cares for the birds because he loves them

and feels akin to the wildness and free-





l'dom which they represent.





 





UNTO THYSELF BE TRUE.

(Continued from page 422).





emptorily summoned his protege into his

private office and with an unmistakable

frOWn accused: “Reger, you have made

a mistake—~a very serious mistake.”



“I am sorry,” apologized the contrite

young man, struggling to come down to

earth.



"‘But being sorry will not mend mat-

ters.” The bank president had reined in

his impatience a little too long not to be

in danger of overdoing his rebuke.

'Roger stood silently fingering the pink

edges of a blank checque book which lay

on the desk. W'ith Lucy’s father he must

be respectful.



, “The trouble is, Roger, that lately your

head has seemed to be full of cobwebs."

Mr. Butler scoided. “If you ever come to

anything in the banking business, you

muSt keep your mind on your work.”



Roger inwardly groaned and then re-

belled. “’hat right had any man thus to

shackle his mind! “Mr. Butler.” he flam-

ed out, “you demand the impossible. I

cannot nail my mind down to such work.

I am bigger than such work—too much

of a man.’ The work is not worth it.”



“The work not worth it, huh!” scorned

the older man after him.



“No, sir!” thundered Roger, with all his

newly found dignity up in arms. “Why,

Mr. Butler. such a life as y0u lead here

is not living. To me it is slow death; it

is hell,” and his fist came down upon the

desk with a force which made the

checque book leap. ”I love your daughter

and, God knows what it costs me to give

up. it is like pulling out my heartstrings."

and the Quick tears filled his eyes. “But

this simply cannot go on; it stifles all the

best that is in me.”



The seasoned business man stared at

the young visionary. He looked admir-

ingly at the slim. well-knit figure and the

face uglow with a. lofty emotion which he

could not sound. In spite of Roger’s ab-

surdity Mr. Butler had never before been

Sn impressed with his higher qualities.

Only the more deplorable was it that so

much devotion should, be wasted on such

utter folly. “So you give up?” A regret

cropped out in the older man’s tone.



“I cannot help it, Mr. Butler. I must

do the work for which I was created.

That, you see, is not the work of a bank.

I must go back to mypictures, or I shall

fail in everything. Failure in everything

is the penalty of the one who disregards

a high call.”



“Such fine talk is all foil de roll," spoke

Mr. Butler with the assured authority of

riper Years. Yet as his fat white hands

Smoothed his gray hair behind his ears,

he conceded: “But maybe there is some—

thing about it which l do not. understand.

Maybe there is."



“No, you do not understand." agreed

the artist somewhat sadfy. "And [might

explain from now till the crack of doom

and you would not understand,” and the

speaker’s arms vehemently sawed the





”air. "That is the queer thing about it—





the not being able to make other people

underStand, who have not themselves liv-

ed through the experience."



“Vi"ell. well, I am sorry,” and the bank-

er appeared softened. “I confess, Roger,

that I like you. If you would only give

your mind to it. you might yet become a

successful business man. But if that is

not—”



“Heaven preserve me!" loger broke.

out. "I sincerely regret my failure and

the trouble it has cost you. i shall quick—

ly pack my few belongings and return to

New York. My. art work imperatively

calls me.”



“Your art work!" Again Mr. Butler’s

laugh betrayed his ingrained dislike to

the idea of an able-bodied man content-

edly painting pictures and treating such

employment as serious work. How wou‘d

Lucy bear this disappointment? \i'hy

should this misguided enthusiast ever

have come to disturb the tranquility of a





. once happy home!





On his own side Roger carried away an

undiminished contempt for the man who

by holding the disk of a dollar before his

eye. could allow it to blot out all the

glory of the shining sun.



“Lucy, you are a trump!” exclaimed the

delighted lover after he had heard her

anSwer. .“After this you can go on be-

lieving in me?”



“Roger, dear, I have always believed

that you could become a famous painter.

My disappointment came. when you gave

up art to go into the bank.”



“‘Really? Then you knew me better

than I 'did‘mysel .” - -





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





IMPORTANT T





to Roofing Buyers





“I felt that it was a. mistake.- But you

and father had agreed.”



“Well, well; and you still expect me to

succeed?”



“My opinion of yOu, dear, remains un-

changed. I still expoet you eminently to

succeed," and her look proved it. '



“But if you have to wait—perhaps for

years yet?”



“I shall still have my Roger unspoiled.”



“Then, by Jove', I will succeed. If I

could only take you with me now! I need





the stimulation of your constant pres-

ence.”



She repressed a sigh. “It will not be

long,” she cheerfully declared. “YOur





success may come at any moment.”



“You are my good oracle.” and he ten-

derly kissed her. “Now I must run

along. I’ll be around again this after-

noon.”



On the way to his rooms Roger stopped

at the post office. He ran his eye hun—

grily over the addresses of the three let-

ters in his hand. \Vith a nervous trepi-

datiOn he tore open the one from New

York for he had never really ceased to

anticipate his success from the direction

of the great metropolis.



Ah, from Holgate, the picture dealer to

whom he had trusted the destiny of his

“Dawn” and a few minor pieces and had

lately sent his “Village Horse Sale.” His

eye hurried over the page and then he

almost shouted. W'ith such news the must





return to Lucy. His rooms were too

cramped for a man with such a big

emotion. For an absurdly happy hour he





and Lucy sat on the porch conferring and

planning.



“Stay to luncheon,” urged Lucy. “What

will father say!”



Mr. Butler came home at noon and

found the two still on the porch. Vi’ith a

cool nod the head of the house walked

into the passage and hung his hat on the

tree. in mock so‘emniiy the lovers fol-

lowed him into the dining-room and the

family sat down at the board. Mrs. But-

ler was the personification of maternal

serenity but a s’gn from Lucy kept her

Silent. Presently, Lucy’s cheerful voice

spoke: “Father. you are. a dear. So to-

day I shall serve you the sauce of some

rare news."



“Well?" interrogated Mr.

without enthusiasm.



“Roger here has a letter from New

York. While we supposed that he was

nursing a broken arm. he was painting

like a hero at a picture whose inspira-

tion he got here in our own little Hill-

crest.”



Again, at mention of Roger’s profession

Mr. Butler froze.



The amused Lucy went on: “Some time

ago he sent his ‘Village Horse Sale’ to

New York and today he has news of its

purchase. Some rich man, born and

reared in a village. saw it. took a fancy

to it and bought it on the spot.”



Silence on Mr. Tlutler’s part.



“The sale of this picture and the things

said about it, attracted attention to his

‘men’ and now that also is sold and—~for

how much do you guess father?”



“Aw, come!" Mr. Butler was visibly

relenting.



As her father refused to stake his rep-

utatfor. for worldly insight, Lucy contin-

ued. “The two pictures have brought our

modest artist the snug sum (if—well,

enough to keep him out of the poorhouse

for awhile. And commissions are bound

to follow. So, you see, Roger has been

set upon his professional feet.”



At last Mr. Butler spoke: “Roger. my

boy_ I hope that T um a fair m'inz. l aim

to be a fair munfiand l congrutu‘ate you.





Butler but





Your way of succeeding is not mine but»





it may be just as good. But—why. man

alive. are people such dum fools as to

pay enormous prices for—just pictures—

to hang on their walls! Yi’ell. you can

outdo me of raking in the cash."



“i wish to give my wife as good a home

as she is leaving." and the lover’s tone

was a little too pointed.



“By all means,” agreed the complacent

father.





 





RUINATION.





 





BY W'ALTER G. DOTY.





”Guess they ain’t much use 0' tryin’.

Might as well give up an’ stop.

\‘Vith the ’taters all a-dyin’

An’ the barley half a crop:

An' the worms is et the cabbage,

An’ the hay’s a poor Success.

Well. good riddance to bad rubbage.

Might as well give up, I guess.’





But they raiSed the price of barley

Till it went ’way out of sight;

And potatoes, late and early.

Were about ten cents a bite.

And the hay! Why. gold was cheaper;

Say. the price would make you faint;

And the farmer bought a reaper.

And the old barn got some paint.





 





i

I





l

i

l





 





We here announce the greatest sale of every

kind of Roofln we or on one ever presented.



This lot cons 5153 of all k min of metal rooflngs,

siding and ceiling in V. crimped, standing seam

and ornamental ceiling, both painted and gal-

vanized covering, besides very large quantities

of Ready Asphalt Roofings. such as Rawhide,

Ajax, Rubber Surfaced, Flint,Tebble or Marble

coated—~in short. practically every known kind.

Every foot-every piece. of this roofing, either

steel, or the kind known as Ready Roofing, is

brand new.just as it comes from manufacturers.

Not a piece of it has ever been used—it’s all

new. fresh. perfect stock. Just. .name your

brand and we will quote you Freight Prepaid

Prices that will provothe big savings you make.





How Thooo Prlcoo Aro Pooolblo





Don't think that just because our roofing

prices are so far below any you ever heard of

that there’s something the matter with the roof-

ing. Don i; let any dealer tell you that. his roofing

is better grade or will wear longer or look

better—it won‘t! Just Compare our Samples

with any other roofing offered on. Then try to

beat our prices—you can’t. o challenge any





13—425





doulor or any manufacturer in the United States

to quote you prices on roofing. quality for qual-

ity, that can equal ours.



Twenty years ago as the Chicago House

Wrecking 00., we started this business of bgz-

ingup Bankrupt, Receivers' and herifl's’ Sales. o

idea was so successful that we soon became own as the

World '3 Greatest Price Wrecker:._ We've. been smash-

ing 'ces ever since. This roofing Itself 15 part of ne—

een enormous purchases snapped u no for spot

cash atscosttho enables us to 9.35 l nlon to you at

these amazingly low prices. Supp y your nee now cyan

though you lay it aside for future use—the big mvmg

will warrant anticipating your roofing needs for all time.





Capltal Increased 'l'o $10,000,000





This vast capital assures our beiu able to buy any big

stock bar sins for s t cash at smas ed prices—no mat-

ter how hi the stoc . You reap the benefit by buying

from us at 12 savings which our_tremendous urchases

enableusto offer you. Thefihmago House reckin

Company now owned by Harris Bros. Co. is known a

over the world for square, honest dealings. We

lutely guarantee every representation we make. No

need to hesitate about_buying from us—we positiveli

guarantee corn lets satisfaction. Our enormous stoc‘

includes everyt ing on need for _the home, farm or busi-

ness. You can buy rom us at big savings for. present:

and future because our wonderful busmess position en-

Iblel no to quote you





 





BANKRUP





Prices Lower Than Ever Before





Corrugated Stool

Roofing, Por Sq. Ft. 1 1/4¢ D

We are pricing brand new, per ect corrugated steel





roofing as low as 1% cents per square foot—a price here-

tofore unknown. Be sure to write for free samples.





Golvonlzod Steel 3 B

Roofing, Por Sq. Ft. 4



11' heat ade, specially coated, ma _o o specially pre-

p I steeflf superior unlity. Practically rust proof and

will last a life time. Fu 1 size sheets. Besxdes corrugated,

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Priced as low as 2% cents Eer- amour-e foot—an unheard of

price for this grade. Sen for roe samples.





Rubbor Surfocod





' Roofing, 108 Sq. Ft. 62¢





We will furnish the very highest quality of Ready

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prices unequaled anywhere. Let us quote you complete

prices. Price includes neceloary cement and caps to lay.





In The History or This Business





Nevenbeforo have you been able to participate in such

a sensational, price-smashing roofing sale as this-the

opportunity of your life-time 0 buy any style roofing at:

a mere fraction of its real value. Lots include every





known kind of SteelI

Corrugated Iron, Ready

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g; opposite items that interest you, tear out thisad-

l In your name and address below and mail to us.





HARRIS BROS. 00., Dept. 43

35th 8: Iron Strooto, CHICAGO





YOUR NAME ..... . ............ ....... .........





 





ADDRESS .............................................u.n





 





 





 





1:15 Best Light





 





 





. \//;

axe/MM





 





For but rooulto

use Perfection Oil





to; Any Home





 





Any authority on ‘eye-mat-

ters” will tell you that kerosene

lamps are best for reading and

studying. And the Rayo is the

best of all Oil Lamps.





d0





Lamps





now light three million Ameri-

can homes—the best evidence

of their superiority.



Let your dealer demonstrate

and explain. Illustrated book-

let tree on request.





 

   

 





Standard Oil Company, Chicago





(AN INDIANA CORPORATION)





 





 





WHY NOT HAVE BEST LIGHT ?





Steel Mantle Burners. .Odorless '

Smokeless. Make coal oil produce gas—3

times more light. At dealers or prepaid by

us for 25c. AGENTS WANTFD





sml MannaLightnationalistic, o.





KEEP YOUR RECORDS for 10 YEARS





Foster a Farm Account Book, compiled by Farmers. Keep com-

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ple and only. no lmnkkbt‘plll‘.’ knowledge required Write for

sample pages. Agents Wanted. Foovor'o Form Accounl

Book Co.. 807 Haydon Building, Columbuo. Ohlo.





 





 





Summit Knit-Nek Vest





 





 





 





\thn you drive or work outdoors you need clothing

that will keep you warm but still allow you to move





around with case and comfort.





The Summit Knit—ch Vest was “designed

to do just this—~it’s made for the man who works





or spends his time outdoors.





The patented wool Knit—ch and wristlets,

together with the leather—lined body and leather

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and wind.





You’ll appreciate these features, and should

see them before buying your winter clothing.





Send today for our interesting style book





and give your dealer’s name.





Guiterman Bros.

360 Sibley Street.





ST. PAUL, MINN.
Mrs. Wise: ”Look here,Anty,

I want to show you how easy

it is to do my washing. I cut

this piece of garden hose just

the right length to reach from

the faucet inside, to my tubs

out here. See, it runs right

out the window. I can fill

my tubs without any trouble.

And best of all, my fire’s out,

the kitchen nice and cool and

I’m washing with cool water

because I use Fels—Naptha

Soap. I’m nearly done now—

and it’s just a little after ten ! ”



Anty Drudge: HYes, and I

see you buy Fels-Naptha by

the box, too—you’re certainly

a. clever woman.”





Fels - Naptha is





 





 





 





 





 





 





“ ,4‘!: y





man miller Needy





.oAtaiiomelano Elsewhere





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Have You Found Your “Calling”?





 





UMAN nature is queer. looked at



in any light. And one of the



queerest streaks about us humans

is our inability to see the perfectly ob-

vious, when the aforesaid obvious is right

in our very homes.





Sir Launfal set us the example. You

remember how he looked all over the

world for the Holy Grail and came back

at last to find it right at his own gate.

And since his day how many of us have

gone everywhere seeking our calling.

when the Master had already placed our

work before us. The work he has for us

is so ordinary that we can't quite make

up our minds that it is really the thing

for which we are called, and it is only

after many wanderings and bitter disap-

pointments, that we come back home at

last to take up with contentment What we

overlooked when we started out. Too

ll’lally of us are like the young man who

thought he was “called” to preach, but

found out later, as an anxious aunty had

suggested, that “it was some other noise

he heard.” All too often We mistake the

“noise” of ambition or a desire for the

limelight for a direct" call from the Al-

mighty.



I have in mind a woman physician

whom I can not but feel has become con-

fused as regards her calling. She is mar-

ried and has one little girl, but her duties

are not in her home. She is a member

of every prominent woman’s club in the

town and state, and is always in attend-





 





more than a soap.

It. is an easy, cool-

water, no hard-rub—

hing way to do all

kinds of work. It

dissolves dirt so that

when you come to

wash clothes you

don’t have to rub,

rub, rub up and down

on the washboard

until your knuckles

are sore and your

clothes worn out.

Just put the clothes

to soak for 30 min-

utes in cool or luke-

warm water with

Fels-Naptha Soap

and the hard part of

your washing will be

done for you.



Never boil clothes

washed with Fels—

N aptha Soap. Just fol—

low thc directions on

the red and green

wrapper.





Better buy it by the carton or box. ‘

Fels G: 00., Philadelphia.





‘TsTNAPlH l-





 





   





 





 





 





 





 





 





ance at big meetings. She is a convincing

speaker, and her speeches on the duties

of mothers and on child culture would

bring tears to your eyes. You positively

feel abused when you think how far short

of the. ideal you measure. She is keenly

interested in girls’ protective leagues and

urges her audiences to clean up on dance

halls, moving picture shows and similar

resorts of vice. I have wept to think of

the advantage her daughter had in being

trained by so noble a woman, but that

was before I met one of her neighbors.

Of course. so talented a creature could

never be expected to spend her time

training her own child, so the child goes

untrained. Half the time there is not

even a maid in the house to watch what

she does while her mother is out, and

what she does is a caution. There is no

one to sew for her, no one to mend her





clothes or to teach her to mend them

herself. She is a small bundle of untidi-

ness, pinned together with safety pins,





except when some of the neighbors feel

sorry for her and sew her up. Do you

agree with me that that mother has mis-

taken her vocation?





Another woman with two small sons is

a. great church vworker. She teaches a.

boys’ class, leads the young people’s meet-

ings, bakes for all the sociablcs, enter-

tains the visiting clergymen and belongs

to every woman’s society in the parish.

She feels that she is “callet” to do this

work, that she is eminently fitted for it.

She does do it Well, but in the meantime

her home work goes undone. The house





 





is untidy and uninviting, except when a

crowd of church folks from out of town

are. to be entertained. I-Ier boys are neg-

lected while she studies the lesson to

present to her class. Husband and chil-

dren have a lean and hungry look be-

cause she is so busy baking for the

church she seldom has time to get a

square meal for the family. NOW church

work is all right with limitations. But

the limit, as with every other outside

Work, should be placed at that point where

neglect of home work begins.





Another woman is called to write. The

great public is just hanging on the words

which flow from her pen, and her ideas

are to overthrow the present social sys-

tem and bring about the reign of justice

and equality. It matters not that heart-

less editors can not see it that way and

manuscripts return With sickening Sud-

denness. She writes on, while her house

goes undusted, windows unwashed. stock-

ings undarned. children untaught and'hus-

bank unnoticed. Her calling is not for





 





this. but for the world. .





Perhaps it is, but I can not help won-

dering why, when the work is placed

right under our noses, we are not to feel

that this is what we were called to ‘do.

Here is sweeping and dusting and churn-

ing and baking and mending and sewing

to be done. and who else is there to do

it? If I am the only one around who can

do it why isn’t it a pretty good sign that

this is my calling? Writing or Speech-

making or singing or playing would be

Vastly more exciting, no doubt. But in

the end We will find, like Sir Launfal,

that the grail was all the time at home.



DEBORAH.





MOTHERS’ EXTENSION WORK IN

DETROIT.





How many mothers who read this page

have a. daughter in Detroit? It may be

she has come here to study in One of the

many educational institutions. Or per-

haps she has come because the family in.-

come can no longer Stretch enough to

cover all the needs and someone must

go to work. “'hatever the call which

brought your girl here, two things are

sure your mother heart is anxious and

your daughter is homesick an heartsick

many a time during her first lonely days.



\chld it comfort you to know that

there are. women here who would gladly

help your girl if they knew of her? The

city is so big and there are so many

strangers that the women who would help

can not always tell just what girl needs

cheer unless she makes herself known.

And all too often the girl does. not know

to whom to turn. To meet just this con-

dition the Twentieth Century Club

through its health committee has organ-

ized a motherS’ extension league whose

work it Shall be to befriend girls who are

strangers in Detroit.



If your daughter is one of these and

3'011 want to feel that someone here is in-

terested in her, will you write the Health

Committee of the Twentieth Century

Club. Columbia and \Vitherell Streets,

Detroit, and explain conditions? The

women in charge of this work want to

get in touch with every strange, home-

sick girl in the city. Let them know

about yours. ‘





 





PROVED PUMPKIN PLANS.

BY MARY CLAARK.



If the pumpkin is a good, ripe one, cut

it in two, remove seeds, and bake in the

oven until thoroughly cooked. If not

very ripe, it will be better to cut in small

pieces, and boil. Don’t think it is done,

as soon as it is tender, but boil it for

several hOurs, being sure every bit of

water has evaporated. Let get thorough-

ly cold, then make your pics. If eggs are

scarce, use a tablespoonr‘ul of ilour or

corn starch, instead, and if the milk is

good and rich, the pies will be almost as

good. Green pumpkins make fine pies it

cut into Small, thin pieces, and made like

apple pies.



Preserves.



Cut pumpkin into inch aquares, and to

nine pounds of pumpkin, add six pounds

of granulated sugar and let stand over





night. In the 1n0rning stir carefully, and

put on stove in large vessel. Cook slowly,

until pumpkin is clear, then add one





pound of seedless raisins, and a sliced

lcmon. Cook a few minutes longer and

put in crooks.



Sweet Pickles.



Peel and slice, then boil till tender,

drain, prepare vinegar, sugar and spices.

as for any other sweet pickles, and when

boiling add pumpkin. Let boil slowly a

few minutes then seal while hot.



Pumpkln Butter.



Boil pumpkin thoroughly. all day, if

possible, then add sugar, spices and sor-

ghum to taste (the sorghum may be

omitted), and cook slowly on back of

stove for several hours, or all day.



lmltatlon Peach Butter.



Take equal quantities of boiled pump-

kin and stewed tomatoes: rub through

colander, boil together an hour or more,

then season to taste with ground cinna-.





 





 





men and about three-fourths as much

sugar as pumhkin and tomatoes com-

bined. Boil slowly, till thick and clear,

this is fine.



Dried Pumpkin.



Cut up as for cooking, then string on

stout strings, and hang near cook stove

till thoroughly dry.



Pumpkin Leather.



Boil pumpkin down as dry as possible,

spread on plates and dry in oven until

thOroughly dry. To use, pour boiling wat-

er on and let stand till soft. Then pro-

ceed as with fresh pumpkins.



Pumpkln Jelly.



Cook as for pie, season to taste, with

salt, Sugar and spices, spread on plates,

and keep in warm place until almost dry,

then put on bread-board and knead. This

takes .out all air spaces. Pack in a stone

crock, pounding it down with wooden po-

tato masher. Sprinkle Sugar over top and

keep in cool, dry place. For each pie use

one heaping taDIeSpoonful of the jelly, and

proceed as with fresh pumpkin. Sprinkle





sugar over space where the jelly was re- '





moved.

not keep as well as the leather.

SOME NEEDS OF OUR RURAL

SCHOOLS

BY KATE BAKER KNIGHT.

A community may be sadly in need of

some change or improvement and rest





 





This makes fine pies, but will‘





Content in icnci'ance of the fact, but let





it once awaken to its need and want the

thing badly cnough, and it usually gets

it. One thing the people of Michigan

have needed long, and that is, improved

conditions in the rural schools. The

schools belong to the people, and the peo-

ple can have what they want. But the





truth of the, matter is, the majority of

people know very little about their

schools. They do not know what they do





want or what they should want. This is

110t due, to any natural incapacity on the

part of the aVcrage citizen, but it is due,

rathcr, to his indifference to the matter.

What will solve the rural school prob—

lcm is a community fully awake to the in-

tercsts of the school. It is a condition

that cannot be brought about in a, day“

no educational process can be—but it is

now \x'cll under way. Many agencies are

being brought to bear upon these conscr-

vatiVe centers, and some day we shall see

the rural Schools of Southern Michigan

falling into line with the consolidated and

the centralich Schools of some of the

counties of Ohio, Indiana. and Illinois.

Last summer the lecturer of our state

grange sug estcd that shortly before the

annual sochool meeting the local granges

give topics bearing on school problems a.

place for discussion on their programs.

it was an excellent idea and if carried

out might have done much to have awak-

ened an interest that would haVe raised

the standard in more than one district.

in this connection let me add that there

should be a stronger co-operation between

the grunge and the rural school. The

grunge is intended to be, and Should be, a

strong educational factor in a, community.

If it is not so it is failing to live up to its

privilege. I know of a wide-awake grange

in \Yayne county that fairly made over

three district schools, the grange drawing

for its membership from these three dis-





tricts. \Vhat man has done, man can do

whim-c. Local granges, let us awake.





\l’hen We have realized this ideal, a.

community sensitively awake to the in-

terests of the school—the minor needs

will have been cared for, but as we have

not reached that goal there are several

things which we can do of a, practical

nature to benefit our schools.



We need more enlightened and

efficient school boards, and we should

haVe them. No man or woman has a.





moral right to accept a position on a‘





school board unless he is sufficiently in-

terested in school affairs to give them a

fair amount of decent and prompt atten-

tion; Perhaps among my readers are sev—





more





1





 





eral who are members of school boards“;





How many of you, may I ask, attended

the meeting for school officers in your

county last year arranged by State Super-

intendent of Public Instruction? The pur-

pose of these annual county meetings, to

quote from the state superintendent, is
...,__fu__'





 





 





 





my. s, 1913.





"toe-integrate rural school administrative

intelligenceand to enrich such intelligence

by co-operation-and- interchange." As a

special inducement to. the director to at-

tend, 'he is allowed two dollars, if he cares

to pressure bill for it.



Again, school officers, how many of you

make your teacher walk from one board

member’s home to another at the end of

each month to get her order signed so

that she may draw the salary that she

has earned? Why, I even heard a man

offer as a recommendation when suggest-

ing another for a position on the board.

that his candidate lived near‘the other

two members, and if he were elected, it

would be very convenient for the teacher

to get her pay.



I supose it would not be practical to

suggest that members of the board visit

the schol and learn of its needs, but it

certainly would be helpful to the teacher

to know personally the officers of her dis-

trict, so it might aid if the wives of the

members were to visit the school.‘ meet

the teacher and invite her to their homes.

I think it is a mistake not to know the

person who deals with our children, hence

what has been said about visiting applies

equally as well to' all patrons of the schol

as to members of the board. If you want

the teacher to feel interested in your

child, show her that you have enough in-

terest in him yourself, to visit the place

where he spends nearly half of his waking

hours.



The bulk of the work of the board falls

upon the director and he should be chosen

because he is Suited fer the position, not





because he is the only man willing to take





the place. I believe that all directors

hope to secure a good teacher, but unless

a man is willing to get up and hustle for

one. the chances are he takes up with

what the efficient officer leaves. In the

schools of Illinois, I have known of more

than one board member going 40 miles to

get on track of a good teacher—business

men they were, to. The tradition of the

district School is that the teacher seeks

the school. Now why should our officers

select from the half dozen only who may

chance to apply? Why not stir around

and find the best ones? Only recently I

heard a director say: “We didn't have

much to choose from this year, as there

were only three applications.” That man

is paying taxes every year for the sup-

port of our state and our county normals

which turn out trained .teachers. Many

of them will come for $50 a month to our

rural districts, and if they don't prove

worth $45 a year more than an untrained

teacher, then are our normals laboring in

vain. Graduates can frequently be se-

cured for that, and a good trained teacher

at $450 is exceedingly cheap. while a poor

one at $360 is a criminal extravagance.



If normal graduates are not to be se-

cured, we can at least insist that our

teachers have some further preparation

for teaching than a high school diploma.

The normals are open six weeks every

summer and our best rural teachers who

are unable to attend college throughout a

sdhool year, are taking advantage of these

Summer Sessions. The improvement of

their work in spirit and in method attests

the value of such a course.



When we get the right kind of a school

board it will demand a. trained teacher in

sympathy with farm interests, with some

knowledge of the work which we hope

the children are to do later in life, and

one who will co-operate in the interests of

the community. That sounds almost too

good to be true, but it is the ideal to-

wards which our leading educators are

working. “'hy not show our appreciation

of their efforts in our behalf by creating a

greater demand for such teachers?



Kalamazoo State Normal has a depart-

ment especially for the preparation of

students for rural work. It has taken a

district scc‘hool adjoining the city for a.

training school, placed the brightest and

most capable critic teacher to be Secured

at its head, and given every student-

teacher an opportunity to see real teach-

ing done, as well as a chance to do some

practice work under an experienced lead-

er. Here, too, a course is required in the

essentials of agriculture and also in do-

mestic economics, so that a teacher is

prepared to lead the farmer's h0y and girl

to find an added interest in the things of

the farm and in the work of the farm

home.



That there is a demand for this line of

study is showu by the fact that a text-

bok on “The Elements of Agriculture”

wasplaced last year by the Superintend-

ent of Public Instruction on the list of

reading-circle books to be read by every

Michigan teacher during the year. This

is a step-in the right direction and all

up-to-date instructors should be making





T‘HE- MICHIGAIN’ FARMER





W§§§§Wmmwmw :Yw .





some practical use of it. Such teaching.

will give to our boys and girls a. greater

love for farm life and a deeper respect

for the pursuit of agriculture, because

they can see in it a scientific side, and

realize that it may be made as respected

a. profession as any.



What is your teacher doing along this

line, Mr. School Officer? You have a.

right to know. Indeed, I’m inclined to

think it is your duty to know.



I have only one more plea to make, and

that is for better conditions in and around

our school buildings. If we cannot bring

ourselves to believe that much would be

gained by uniting two or more adjoining

diStricts and having a centralized school,

then let us do something to improve the

c0nditions in our separate districts. \Vhy

should not the country Schoolhouse and

grounds be as good as the best farm home

of the district? We are inStalling modern

methods of heating and ventilation in our

homes, and yet our district schools de-

pend upon the same means for warmth

and comfort that they had 30 years ago.

We have relied too much upon books as

a means of keeping the boy satisfied with

the farm, not realizing the value of things

in his education. XVith the character of

the country schoolhouse and grounds must

rest one of the possibilities of making

country children better satisfied with

country life.



Then, why not bring some of the vines

and bushes and blossoms that glorify our

roadside to the school grounds and teach

our boys and girls to enjoy the beauties

of' nature? It will vitalize the work of

the rural school and at the same time give

the children finer ideals of life. Nothing

is more inSpiring than a grove of magnifi-

cent trees, and yet think of the utter

bareness of the school grounds in your

district and in mine! We believe in the

educational value of a noble tree. Then

why not imitate nature and plant a group

of trees next Arbor Day? What a change

could be made in the next 20 years in the

appearance of the school grounds of

southern Michigan, if all school officers

and teachers would live up to their op-

portunity.



Country people can have better schools

with attractive surroundings when they

are willing to give more of their time.

more of their thought, and more of their

money for them. There is no other way.

It is for the people to decide.





FASHIONS BY MAY MANTON.





 





Our large Fashion Book—containing 92

pages illustrating over 700 of the season's

latest styles, and devoting several pages

to embroidery designs, will be sent to any

address on receipt of ten cents.





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





With long or elbow sleeves.



No. 7983—Long waisted b10use in Balk—

an style. 34 to 40 bust. With elbow or

long sleeves.



No. 7682 Empire house gown. 34 to 42

bust. With three-piece skirt. perforated

for walking length. with elbow or long

sleeves. chemisette that can be made low

or high. with or without collar.



No. 7833—Three-piece skirt, _22 to 32

waist. With draped or plain front, with

round or straight corners.



No. 7507—Four-piece skirt, 22 to 32

waist. With high or natural waist line.



The above patterns will be mailed to

any address by the Fashion Department

of the Michigan Farmer on receipt of 10

cents for each.





 





 





 





15—427





}





\i:





\\\\§\\\\ \\\\\ \\\\\





\





Serviceable

Table Cutlery





Your wife will be proud to display her table

cutleryand carvers if they bear the famous

Keen Kutter trade mark. Any article

bearing that mark is recognized as the

limit in quality.

Keen Kutter tableware is made of the

finest cutlery steel. Knife blades and . \\

fork tines are firmly set into han- &

dies that do not loosen or crack.





KEEN [(11775]?





Table Cutlery and Carvers





are made in many styles and are priced moderately. Be sure to see the trade mark be-

fore buying. That is your guarantee of satisfaction or money back from your dealer.





" The Recollection of QuaIiURemains Long After the Price in Forgotten. ’ '

Trade Mark Registered. -E. C. SIMMONS.

If not at your dealer's, write us.





. Simmons





at





Philadelphia

Toledo

Minneapoli-

Sioux City





\ \ ,1\\ (/41 . , . <.

\\\\\\\ . ” - V “seas-3.2m:





Do Your Own Butchering

This Fall—It Will Pay





Good, pure, well-seasoned country sausa e—city

peo 1e are just crazy to get more of it. nstead

of 8 ip mg all your hogs on the hoof, do your

own bu chering and get retail prices for the meat.

Sausage IS easy to make, and there is no danger

of spouing when you use an





- ENTERPRISE





Sausage Siuiier and lard Press

Cylinder Bored True





with the patented corrugated spout. Makes sausage that

keeps because it stuffs casmgs free from air bubbles—the

only machine that fills casings perfectly. You will find it a

great convenience to own an Enterprise Meat AND Food

Chopper—a machine especially made for chopping

meat. Chopping is done by knives—an exclusive

Enterprise device. Insist on - ~





‘g‘w'rp





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





your dealer showing you these

machines. Their advantages

are so greatyou cannot afford to

he put off With substitutes. Say



Enterprise," and insut upon it.





 

 





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





8 quarts. ' '

4-95.. Joponnod. $5.50.

Tinned and Joponnodp





Invest 4c in a 200~recipe book for your wife. Handsomely illus-

trated and full of splendid suggestions for the table and

.kitchen. We have just printed a new edition of this book,

‘The Enterpristng Housekeeper." ’

All slumhond. «





mu ENTERPRISE MFG. co. or PA. zit?“ fit?”

Dept. 48 , Philadelphia, Pa. 1"- 31° may “in.





When wanting Fruit or Wine Pro-m, Cherry or Raisin 3“- 10‘ mid” Size.

. Seeders, Coffee Mills, Bonn Mills, etc. . it it worth Ho 22 21550' 31

i W10 to m that they are stamped Enterprise. ' $4."? '0'





 





 





r ”1/





4/2 0]) ///%/j//

/ /





/ / 514/

From This Big Stove Book—400 Styles ’4 1/

Save $5 to $40 ‘





, //

// / g



Why not get the Kalamazoo Catalog before you ever think of going



out, to look for a new stow? Get your pick of 400 styles, flne big



base burners—glass oven door ranges—small coal and wood heaters-



any kind you want with a greater line to choose from than 30dcalers



can show you. Think of it! Bcttcr bargains-more of them—every



one guaranteed with a $100,000 hunk bond.





Factory Prices—Cash or Credit i

30 Days’ Free Trial—AYear’s Approval Test





That’s the Kalamazoo ofl’cr. No matter where

you bu don’t miss reading our catalog. Learn

why alamazoo quality has won over 250,000

customers. Every home should have this book.

No matter whether you are ready to bu a ,

new stove or not, send for our catalog. ‘10

will bylad to mail it free. Maybe you can

times. our old stove and save fuel with

a new alamazoo. Your stove shi ped

frei ht pre aid, same day our oroer

ar vcs. all a postal Ndw and

Ask tor catalog £0.11: ,

Kalamazoo Steve 60., Mfrs. ' , , . , ; , .-

Iamazoo, Mich. ‘ , ' l ,; ///7

/, ,





Wankel full linoolstovol. Rang", 44%] I // ”2/ /////A/ , , ,,.

0 An (i

(i - i.

/

//





, amassing: ,_ ,

, I. . “humouuyouwuu, A Kalama o H \

// I 1' ' ' . Direct to You elite,





\\\\\\\\\\\Vx\‘ .\~» <





\\\\\\\





\\





\





\\





 





When Writing to Advertisers please

mention the Michigan Farmer.
428—16





Wear the

Invisible Rubbers





 





‘





7:2.

DJRJIIFIE-l -'





 





.DRI-FCDT





Waterproofing for Shoes





Your shoes are water-tight at a frac-

tion of the cost of rubbers. They look

the same as before and wear better.



Apply two or three times a season.

Good for black or tan shoes.



Get it at your shoe dealer’s. If he

hasn’t it, send us his name and we’ll

supply you. 25 cents a can; in Canada 35 cent:



FITZ CHEMICAL CO.

763 Broad Street





 





 





When it rains





do you depend on

a "-ahower proof"

or do you Wear a





- Fish Brand

_/'/ Reflex



5' S l i c k e r

j// and enioy the rain he-

_. / cause you're ry an

2: I comfortable? Made for

75/ rough and ready ser-

1‘ vice. an so water-

-‘- proof that not a drop

3 reaches you even

through the openings

-‘ between the buttons.





'6 The Reflex Edge does it.

t



.. $3.00 an:



Satisfaction Guaranteed





A. J. Tower Co. ”"1““! «OWER’S





ways



BOSTON by this ;

Tower Canadian Limited mark Em

Catalogfne WW B





 

   

   

 





9 1 a Toronto





LET US TAN

YOUR HIDE. '





Cattle or Horse hide, Calf, Dog. Deer

orally kiiid oi skin Willi hair or iur on.

We tan and llnlsh thorn rigM- . make

them into coats (for liltii and women),

robes rugs 0r glows \\ hen ordered



Your fur goods will cost you less than

to buy them. and be north mole. Our

Illustrated catalog gives a. lot of in

formation which every stock raiser

should hav e, but we never send out this

valuable book 8106. pt; upon requtst.



It. tells how to take oil! and cam for

hides: how and who. n we pay the trelght

both ways, - about our sale dye ing pi o

cess whic h is a. tremendous advantage

to the customer. especially on horas

hide. and call okina- , about the iur

goods and game trophies we sell, taxi-

dcrmv. etc. It you want a copy scnd us



_ youi com ct address.

The Crosby Frisian Fur Company.

571 Lyell Ave" Rochester.N .l’.





SAVE HALF THE LABOR





in sawing wood. You can

do this and at the same time

out more wood in a given

time than in any other way



by using





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





   

 





SAWING MACHINE





Table is mounted on grooved rolls, moves easily

--cut oisaw is down instead otagiiinst the oper-

ator as in old style machines. Must be seen to

be appreciated. We also in iiiufacture Drag Si iws Saw and

Shingle Mills. Get our prices on Canvas lleltinz;

they will on rprioe tyou:M aBend for prices and full in-





formation.

lllEUlili MACHINE & kFlilllillliY CU. “338M“ Sinai Norwich N. V.





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

     





save draft —- save repairs.



Don’t rut roads or fields. Send : oday for free

illustrated catalog oi! wheels and wagons.



Electric Wheel c... 35 lam 81.. Quincy, Ill.





 





WI IIIAII OUR

non





HIGHEST 'I’IWITIIYOU

PRICES rimmed

e FOR ' ..





' FURS





Bo Juliana- ‘ln.. IEI’IIII’





 





 

 





 





Phillipsburg, N. J.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





approximately 331/3 per cent higher

than the price for 1913 and many

who held their beans sold for much less

on the later market than they could have

received earlier. \Yet Weather made a

great deal of trouble for bean growers and

dealers. Car after car of beans were re-

ported soft and unmerchantable when

reaching destination. Many bins of beans

in farm grzinaries deteriorated and were

almost a toial loss. “Burns bairns dread

the fire" is a phychological buSiness fact,

and breaking the market or starting a.

panic is, or comes from, a state of mind.



If you were :1 market gambler and knew

theSe conditions what could be a more in-

viting opportunity to sell or offer to sell

beans, perhaps 100 carloads, at a price

about 20 cents under the then market.

The way this is done is to quote beans

to the wholesale grocers at a lower price

than the dcalers are quoting, and it is

but natural that the grocery trade either

gives orders for beans at those prices, or

at least does not accept the offers made

by the elevator men who have the actual

beans and have paid their money to the

bean growers. This in trade parlance is

“selling short.” The elevator men are the

first to fecl the depreciation of the beans

already bought and unsold and a most

natural result is to drop the price to a

safety margin. If beans are dropping in

price, the grower thinks it well to sell or,

as the market words are. “gets from un-

der" :1 further full in prices, and the pan-

ic originating in a cold blooded calculu-

iion of “reaping where he had not sown,”

has run its cycle and the loss falls large-

ly on the grower. If some “small fry”

rogues were to take toll of the farmer’s

bciiiis out of his granary, say five bushels

out of every hundred, the farmer would





I AST year‘s beans started on a basis





 





 





Ffilllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllll||l|||||Illl|Illlllll||l|Illlllll|Illl|llllllIllllililIlllllllllll|llllllllllllllllIIIllllllllllllllIIllllllIlllllllllllllllll llllI|HIIllllllllllll||IllllIlllIllllllllllll|||llllllllllllll||IllllllllllillilllllllllIlllll-i.





Farm Commerce.





Lil—:iIllllllllllllIHlIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll‘llll lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllll‘llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll 'llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllj





Advises HOlding Beans For Better Prices.





Illllilllill





 





official gathering of a few farmers recent-

ly who discuSsed these matters pretty

much as has been written here. There

have been some things done which pre-

vented the apparent COming panic as the

l‘eSult of the speculative bear movement

which still needs the active co-operation

of farmers, Viz., conservatively marketing

the. crop.



It will require approximately 12 to 14

million dollars to handle the bean crop,

which is a considerable sum of mono"-

The elevators and banks plus the farmers

makes a strong combination but when the

support. of the market is withdrawn by the

farmers by dumping beans on the market

when prices fall, it is apt to strain the

elevators’ credit and when he, too, un-





NOV. ‘8, 1913.





loads the, price still further drops.





I'nder normal conditions the farmers'





who grow beans in Micliig-in could fix the

piice of beans compensatory to them and

commensurate with their real valuefThere

Should be a. county (:ii'giiilizaiion of

growers who would select delegates to a.

slate association. The county association

would mzike careful estimates of acreage

and yield. The state association would

tabulate, compare and consider the crop

conditions of the whole country and de-

termine the price for the. crop. probably

with a monthly :ulvancc during most of

the season to cover interest. shrinkage.

etc. '\\'ere it possible to get such an or-

ganization at work this year the price of

beans could be put to $2.00 at once for it

is the consensus of the trade that such

a price would be, and is, justified now.

\\'hilc no one knows just'wlmt the Sher-

man anti-trust law is. szgress has ex-

pressed its opinion that appropriations

made for the attorney generol’s- office shall

not apply to farmers’ associations. And

again. it is doubtful if fixing the price of

a crop after it is grown, win-n it cannot be.

increased or decreased, is in restraint of

trade. .lAs. N. MCBRIDE.





Illll|llllll||llllllllllllIlllllllllllillllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllillllllllllllllllllllll l{.1111.llllllilllllll'llllllll‘lIII!" i1’”H||IlllllllllllllllIHHIHIIIIIIIIIIIHHI

How To Orgamzmga Co—operative Creamery.





First call a meeting of all the farmers

in the locality and arrange to have a.

dairymzin from the Department of Agri-

culture or a state official present to give

general information on creamer}; organ-

izaiion.



Determine the number of cows within

a distance of six miles in every direction

from when: the c czin‘yiei is to be located.

Fiom 400 to 600 cows, depending on local

conditions, are necessary to insure success

for the creamery. '



.\ committee Should be appointcd to as—

iez'tain how many cows there are and at

the same time have the farmers express

themselves ‘JS to how many shares they

will take at say $25 This expression on

the, part of the faimers puts no legal ob-

ligation upon them to take the shares but

you have a basis upon which to judge

your future proceeding. If you have a.





 





 





 





There were thousands of bushels of

chards this year, and there are thousands of people in (ur own cities who would





reasonable price. Experience causes us

the plan of direct selling.





gladly have paid a reasonable price for this fruit.

cause the marketing system would not offer enough to pay the farmer to harvest;

and a large per cent of the conSumers

same marketing system demands exorbitant prices.

sumer would dodge the system and become acquainted in a business way one

would get paid for his work and the other would get what he wants and needs at a





 





fruit that went to waste in Michigan or-

The fruit was untouched be-

will eat no fruit this winter because that





If the farmer and the con-





to believe more and more thoroughly in





 





be saved the trouble of marketing those

taken, but the speculator takes this toll

by hearing the price, selling short and

then aSks the farmer _to deliver his toll to

the market.



The facts as to the bean crop this year

are that the. old crop was well cleaned up

and this year‘s beans go on a bare and

anxiously waiting market. The crop in

New York is light and also on the Pacific

Coast. This lezivcs the field to Michigan

with a crop not over large. In fact, the

estimates since threshing began can be

somewhat curtailed. The quality of the

crop is excellent, an item that adds to

palatability and consumption. The bean

growers seemed to fare well in the read-

justment of the tariff since the rate was

reduced only from 45 cents per bushel to

20 cents, and “free beans” are only told

of to mislead and lower the price,



In the dietary role the more especial

competitors of beans—potatoes and meats

—are high, in fact, much higher compar-

atively than the beans at $2.00 to the

farmer; which price under normal appli-

cation of the law of supply and demand

would now prevail. There was an un-





 





 





sufficient amount promised, say one-half

or two-thirds of the amount needed, you

are Safe in going to the expense of form-

ing a legal organization. Write your sec-

retory of state and 21st for the blanks and

information necessary to form a creamery

company. When you have obtained the

papers showing that you are a legal or—

ganization you are ready to issue stock to

those who have signed their names to the

organization agreement and to sell to

others.



The strength of the organization de-

pends on the number of farmers having

f‘hares, therefore, make it a p0int

to sell to as many farmers as possible.

The selling of shares is often a, difficult

aSk but efforts spent along this line con—

tribute greatly to the ultimate success of

the creamery. In selling shares take

either cash or a note from the purchaser,

thus relieving the organization of the

binder. of paying interest. Use the notes

as security to borrow a sum equal to the

combined amount of the notes and have

the Sum bear no more interest than the

notes.



Put a. limit on the number of shares





which can be. held by any one share-

holder. keeping in mind lhat there must

be enough shares for gF-l‘irl‘al distribution

in the territory Surrounding the creumery.



Insert in your by-lawsu regulation that

gives each shareholder only one vote and

not a vote for every share. Also give in

your by-lawx an article ihzil' makes the

dividends payable on the .unount of bui-

ter-fzit delivered to the creamei‘y by the

shareholder.



In selecting officers for the association

let: the stockholders use their best judg-

ment in the sclcction of men who are the

best fitted for the respective places.

Choose a president who will preside over

the meetings in a fair and unbiased way.

Select for :i secretary and manager a man

who has the confidence of all, one who

does not become confused or excited over

a little trouble. Select a treasurer and

board of directors who will take an inter—

est in the wo... and perform such'duties

as come before them.



Put the, secretary and treasurer under

a suitable bond. This is not {1 matter to

be neglected and it should not be looked

on as distrusting those ofi‘icers, but as a.

measure that is used in the conduct of

all good organizations where a. conSidcr-

able quainiiiy of money is handled. Let

good business judgment characterize all

transactions, the electiOn of officers, the»

contract for building, the placing of the

machinery and the management of affairs

after operations have commenced.



Better Avoid the Professional Promoter.



There agencies and conditions are well

understood when investigated and the

farmers who contemplate starting a co-

operative creainei-y have as examples hun-

dreds of successful plants to patern after

in building up a successful Ci'eiimery.

There are also hundreds of examples of

badly started and poorly operated cream—

eries that have failed and these serve to

exemplify things that should be avoided

in starting the new organization. It is

the rule, with but very few exceptions,

that the farmers who take the word of a.

professional crcximery promoter instead of

relying entirely on their own efforts or

that of state dairy authorities, spend from

$1,000 to $10,000 more than what is neces-

sary to start such a creamery and this is

only a small loss compared with the in-

jury it does the dairy industry in that 10-

cality and the retarding influence it has

on the industry in nearby locations. \Vhen

such a. promoted creamery fails it follows

that the farmers who started it could

have well afforded to have spent a little

money to send a representative to other

places for information, but the past has

shown that this information is seldom

sought. To meet this condition many

states have, through the Dairy Depart—

ment of their State Agricultural Colleges,

made provision for assisting in the organ-

ization of co-opcrative creameries and to

further improve them after they are in

operation. In many of these same states

there is a dairy commissioner with depu-

ties who co-operate with the colleges in

this work so that instead of the farmers

themselves carrying on costly investiga—

tions along these lines, the state has pre:

pared more accurate and valuable infor-

mation on this matter than the farmers

themselves could obtain.



These general statements and sugges-

tions for organizing a co-operative cream-





.ery have been prepared partly for the

purpose of co-operatlng with the states
’_.





 





 





' ing those prices.





(Nov. 8, 1913.





that are giving assistance along this line,

but mainly to supply information to those

who are unable to secure it elsewhere. It‘

should be remembered that this informa«

tion can be greatly supplemented by a.

representative from the state or federal

dpartment who should be present at some

at the first meetings held for organizing

the co-operative creamery. The appar-

ently insignificant details in establishing

such a creamery are‘ too often slighted

and an experienced man and one who is

disinterested in the financial proceedings

0f the creamery can give valuable assist-

ance. Those contemplating the organiza-

tion of a co-operative creamcry should

not hesitate to call for this assistance.





BELIEVES THE FREE TESTING OF

CREAM A GREAT THING FOR

FARMERS.





 





The Michigan Farmer has started a



good movement in their free testing of

cream, if my experience is like that of

others. About August 1, 1913, I felt that

1 was not getting a square deal from the

Creamery to which I shipped my cream.

1 accordingly sent a sample of a ship-

ment of cream to be tested. The report

on sample verified my suspicions. Their

teSt showed about five per cent more but-

ter-fat than the creamery test. After

that I sent sampies from every can I

shipped and found that I was being de-

frauded out of from one and One—half to

three per cent. The last shipment was

six per cent below the test given me on

a subsequent shipment to a different 00n-

cern. .

My concluSion is that one creamery

company operating in this state has 50

cents to $1.00 of my mOney for every can

of cream shipped them and as I received

$90 for my September cream, you can

easily see that I was defrauded out of

about $10.



“'hat this company has done to me they

are doubtless doing to all their patrons

and it would seem as if something might

be done to correct such a gigantic fraud.



A. FARMER.





arket Notes.





 





Crop and M





Sanilac Co., Oct. 25.——-Our sunshiny and

balmy days of fall have turned to rainy,

i‘ogy weather. with a few flakes of snow.

Such has been the case for the last ten

days. But, barring a few fields of pota-

toes and perhaps one-fourth of the corn

not taken care of, the work requiring dry

weather is done. Fall plowing both tile

and open ditching and straightening up

the fields in general, are the work of this

time. Bean threshing is about completed

and the yield even smaller than expected

and about 50 per cent of the crop already

marketed. A larger amount of rough feed

in the country, perhaps more than there

is stock to consume it. Markets are:

Wheat 85c; oats 36c; beans. hand-picked,

$1 80.; potatoes 500. Hay market is about

the same.



Livingston Co., Oct. 25.—We are having

ideal weather conditions and farmers are

improving it by getting their corn husk-

ed. Our first snow came on the 23rd, but

only lasted a day. About the usual

acreage of wheat and rye was sown this

fall. Beans are being marketed quite

freely at about $1.75 per bu. There has

been an unusually large acreage of clo-

verseed harvested and it is well filled.

Potatoes only a fair crop.



Northern Isabella and Southern Clare

Co.'s, Oct. 27.—-—Thls has been a very fine

fall for the farmer to get his work done

but hired h is a scarce article. Corn

husking and ii plowing is the order of

the day. Corn is a good fair crop but the

fodder is badly frosted. Bean threshing

is nearly done and a majority of the

farmers are selling their beans as soon

as they are threshed. Potatoes are a fair

crop and bringing 50c per bu. Not much

hay is being marketed at the present

time. Cattle of all kinds scarce and high.

Lots of horses for sale and few buyers.

Prices: Eggs 25c; butter 24c; wheat, No.

2 red, 84c; wheat, No. 1 white. 84c; oats

35c; rye 61c; beans. hand—picked. $1.75.



Ohio.





/,.



Ashtabula Co., Oct. 27.~—Thunderstorms

in fall and winter are of occasional oc-

currence in this section but a thunder-

storm and a snow storm at the same time

are not so frequent but it was a treat we

had here the 24th. It was a winter pic-

ture wth a summer accompaniment. The

wet snow doing much damage to tele-

phone wires and trees, especially in the

peach belt. Potatoes about half dug, and

selling for 7-50; milk $1.70 per cwt., with

skim-milk returned; eggs 300; butter 300.

No cloverseed is raised in this section.

No hog cholera has been reported in the

past six months. Farmers are busy get—

ting ready for winter.



Medina Co., Nov. 1.-—There has been

considerable rain for the last month, mak-

ing fall plowing for corn possible, a prac-

tice farmers are following more and more.

Not all the potatoes are dug yet, and but

a small portion of the corn crop is huSk-

ed. Wheat is in excellent shape. Price

of pork low'er, 7%@7%c; sheep selling

very low; dairy cows high; eggs 35c; but-

ter 32c; potatoes 75c.



Darke Co., Oct. 22.—The farmers have

reasons. both for being satisfied and com-

plaining in this section. The corn crop

is about one-half husked and is not a

very good crop. Some buyers have of-

fered 60c per bushel for the new grain

but very few of the farmers are accept-

Wheat looks good. Ap-

ples were harvested in a short time ow-

ing to the light yield. They are finding

a market at $1 per bushel for the average





 





‘run. Tobacco is nearly all cured, Dealers





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





offer from eight to ten cents, but farm-

ers are not selling at the figures, they

being of the opinion that higher prices

will rule later.



Clermont Co., Oct. 25,—Some rain fell

this week. Most of the fall-sown grain

is up and looking fine. Everyone is shuck-

ing corn, which is about half a crop.

Help Scarce. Hogs are being shipped to

market. Most of them are offered in good

condition. No loss is reported from dis-

ease so far. Hogs 7@81,/2c; corn 920 bu:

wheat 90c; chickens 14c; butter 28c; eggs

25c. Plenty of chickens being sold; eggs

Scarce.



Madison Co., Oct. 28.~—The cool damp

weather has delayed the corn husking and

also caused some damage as the crop was

somewhat unmatured when the heavy

frost occurred at start of cutting. The

cloverSeed crop is about all threshed and

of average quality and yield. The wheat

is going into winter quarters in fine con-

dition. A large acreage was sown and it

looks very promising, with fine growing

weather at present. Many public sales

are advertised, stock generally high.

Horses from $220@275; cows from $50@

100; hogs 8c; sheep 8c; lambs from $4617

6.50. Grain prices at present are: Corn

65c; wheat 860; oats 400; rye 650: pota-

toes $1; eggs 27c; butter 30c. Poultry.

especially turkeys, are not plentiful.



,lndlana.





Shelby Co., Oct. 31.——Weather is cool

and damp. Corn cutting done and shred-

ders are hard at work. Wheat is green.

PaStures continue remarkably good. The

roads are in fair condition. No cholera

among hogs yet but it is in neighboring

counties and may be here soon. Cattle

are scarce. Rabbits are apparently more

plentiful than at this time last year.

Some diphtheria in schools but not ser-

ious.



Rush Co., Oct. 31.——We had some pret-

ty rough weather and snow this week an]

a great deal of cold drizzling rain. Sev-

eral buildings not completed and cement

work unfinished. Many farmers are get-

ting light and power from adjacent trol-

ley lines. Turkeys are, somewhat scarce

and are selling for 17c. Other prlc‘es:

Ducks 12c; geese 10c; hens 12c butter

260; eggs 27c; cattle $8.50; hogs $8.25;

sheep $4.



Wlsconsln.





Clark Co.,, Oct. 31.—-The weather has

been cloudy and dull for the last two

weeks. Had some snow lately with some

cold windS. Plowing about half done;

winter grain look real good. Hay selling

at $13 per ton; butter 30c; eggs 28c; hogs

100 dressed; chickens 96L12c. Farmers

are shipping their own stock and are get-

ting very good prices. Milch cows go

from $506i80. Horses are also high and

range in price from $175@300.



Missouri.





Vernon Co., Nov. 1.——Winter has Set in

early; had two snow storms to date. We

had snow before fr'bst. Wheat is in fine

condition for winter. Corir oats, wheat

and rye are being Shipped in here and are

selling as follows: Corn 800; oats 48c;

wheat $1; rye 85c. Some sickness report~

ed among stock owing to the mouhly fod-

der being fed. Not many siloes in this

county but last year’s drouth has been a.

boost for the SIIO man here.



Nodaway Co., Oct. 31.——‘\’Vinter began

with a hard freeze, but better weather

now prevails. Markets remain unchang-

ed during the past month. Sales are

very common here at present. Sales are

having a difficult time finding places to

work the coming year. Some wheat is

Still being sown. Corn was a poor crop,

but fail pasture is extremely good. Fall

work is well along. and in a shrort time

there will be very little for the men to

do in this section. Water is very low and

the roads are fine.



Kansas.



Cowley Co., Oct. 30.—Unusually cold

weather has injured late prairie hay and

alfalfa. Few fields of kaffir matured and

feed will be scarce and of poor quality.

Shipped in corn is selling at 85c; home-

grown 75c. “Ilieat 'and rye pasture good.

Many fields being pastured now.



DickerSOn Co., Oct. 27.—Fine rains and

good growing weather prevailed the last

month. A slight snow storm and light

frosts did but little damage to vegetation.

Alfalfa and late feed is being cut. Stock

is being pastnred on early sown rye and

wheat and stubblefields. Wheat in fine

condition; also fields of alfalfa sown af-

ter the late rains Milch cows Selling at

$706180. Hogs $7.50 per cwt. Horses are

cheap. Butter 300; eggs 25c; corn 80c;

hay $156120 per ton. Potatoes and apples

shipped at $1651.25 per bu.



Finney 00., Oct. 29.——Have had several

hard freezes this month. The first frost

fell the 10th and the first freeze came the

night of the 17th. Some of the farmers

are still sowing wheat, while some wheat

fields are looking fine and green. Several

of the farmers still have fields of maize to

be headed yet. Have had few windy days

this month.



Nebraska.



Saunders Co., Nov. 1.—-Corn husking is

in full blast. The average yield will be

about 35 bu. The quality is good. “heat

has never been in better condition. Pas-

tures are good; stock is in good condi-

tion.



Dodge Co., Nov. 1.——The weather during

the first of the week was raw and cold,

but it has changed to Indian summer

during the last two days. Farmers are

anxious to get the corn out in good sea-

son. Yield from 30 to 40 bu. Prices are:

Wheat 730; com 640; oats 34c; hogs $6.75;

butter-fat, delivered, 28c; eggs 39c; but-

ter 30c.



Dawson Co, Nov. 1.——0ctober was cool

and dry. Only a small per cent of the

usual acreage of winter wheat has been

sown. The leaves haVe mostly fallen

from the trees, and at present we are en-



(Continued on page 430).





 





Needs More Farmers





To Energetic, Ambitious Men, Montana

Offers Greater Opportunities Than Any

Other State in the Union





There are millions of acres of fertile land awaiting the plow

to convert them into the finest grain land in the world. With

only a small part of its vast area under cultivation, Montana has

become, both for quality and quantity, the greatest grain produc-

ing state in the Union.





United States government reports show





that Wheat, Oats, Barley, Rye and other grains run double the

yield per acre that of any middle western state—on land costing

about one-third that of middle west land.





Take Advantage Now





Cease being a renter. Take your savings and buy a farm in Mon-

tana. Land prices are low and you are assured of the best of





climate, richest soil and splendid crops“





Low fare round-trip





homeseekers’ excursion tickets are on sale on certain dates





CHICAGO





Milwaukee 81 St. Paul





RAILWAY





Secure full information from the undersigned. We will tell you

where your experience should find its best opportunity and

where not to go, and will also send you descriptive lit-

erature, containing maps and much valuable data



as to crom and yields, etc.





H. W. STEINHOFF, D. P. A.





every month, via the





2l2 Majestic Bldl.





- Detroit. Mich.





0. E. SHANER, Immigration Agt.

750 Marquette Bldg.

GEO. B. HAYNES, Gen’l Pass. Agt.

CHICAGO





 





 





75 Young, Tuberculln-lesled, lleg. Holsieins. 75





These comprise the offerings in





Fred Bachman’s Second Public Sale,

‘ Azalia, Mich., Nov. 20,1913.





In the Sale will be:





Forty beautiful heifer calves, many of these sired

by a grandson of Colantha Johanna Lad.



Fifteen splendid yearlings and ten 2-yr.-olds, all

soon due to freshen, and the most of them in calf

by a double grandson of Woodcrest Pietje.



Several granddaughters of King of the Pontiacs,

heavy in calf by a grandson of King of the Pontiacs—a

strong King of the Pontiacs combination.



Sale will be held on the Bachma i- r ' ' . , '

the'VVabash also Ann Arbor R. R. n (3:111:31??th (Ill): §%:f£chfiglflrg$ilr\llgilirfi till;





Sale, get off at. stop Alston, on the Ann Arbor, less than half mile from farm.

Send for catalog. Prescott. of the Hastings Bureau will manage the sale.





COL H. L. PERRY,





CHAS. TOMPSON, gAuctioneers.





FRED B'ACHMAN, Azalia, Mich.





 





GREAT MIGTION SALE

NOVEMBER 19





of 5 IMPORTED CLYDESDALE and PERCH-

ERON STALLIONS. Including the Clydesdale

Stallion Manaton [9986] (13619). winner of many prize-

In Scotland and America, being first. at Detroit Fair,

1912, and weighing 2150 lbs. .8810 will be held at. the

farm, 12 miles from Detrort by trolly: take trolly

car at Pitt BL, Windsor. Oars stop at Maidstone.





JOSEPH PHILLIPS. Maidstono. Ont.. Canada





AUCTION SALE





Of Horses and other Pro erly

2}»; miles Southwest of Orleans, Ionia 00.. ichlgan.

W ednesday Nov. 2, 1 9 l 3.



21 Head. of High Grade Percheron Horses. including

six Registered Brood Mares. Daisy No. 72927, Queen

No. 62140, Florence No. 47835. and many others just. no

good. 'lerms; 12 Months time on a roved notes at 6%.



WM. J. WARNEPIE. Proprietor.

SLYE 6: KELNER. Auctioneers.





 





IEARN Aucnonmmc ..w....-.G.......

School and become

Independent with no capital invested. inter term

ogens December Sim—following International Stock

8 ow. Write today for free catalog. JONES NAT'L

ROHOOL’OF AUGTIONEERING. 14 N. Sacramento

Blvd. Chicago, Ill. CAREY M. JONES ‘Preo.





 





l





WANTED.





At. once a'few men that are hustlers, for solicitin .

No ex erlenoe necessary, The work is dignifie .

health 111 and instructive. In writinggive references

and also state whether you have a horse and buggy

of your own. Address Box J. 1“,. Michigan Farmer.





 





. one, i§”§"‘é‘é’"cufi°l‘





l3, BONDS YlELDlNG4Z‘SZ PAYABLE SEMI

o BACKED BY CERTIFICATES FROM UNITED STATES TREASURY 0

cemmmc THEY PROTECT POSTAL SAVINGS BANK FUNDS,





AVAIL YOURSELF OF THIS PROTECTION _





D SEND FOR OUR BOOKLET“.

<' BONDS SENT TO ANY BANK OR EXPRESS

COMPANY SUBJECT TO EXAMINATION





SA?





 





l





 





THE new FIRST NATIONAL BANK comma-pm,





r





BONDS or OUR COUNTRY" D





S
430—18





ElllllllllilillllllllIllilllllllllllllllllIllIlllllllllllIlllllllllillllllllllIIII|lIIllIIIlIIIIIIlllllllllllllllllllllllfl





Markets.





Eillllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllilllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllll|IlllllllllllllHllllllllllIl—fi

GRAINS AN D SEEDS.





 

   





 





November 4. 1913.

Wheat—Trading has been on a higher

basis the past week, prices showing an

advance of nearly 2c. The high point was

reached last Friday, since which time

fractional declines have occurred. The

news argues for at least maintaining

present prices. Farmers are delivering

very sparingly in both the southwestern

and northwestern states, receipts at pri-

mary elevators running far below those

of a year ago. Canada is also delivering

less Wheat to the transportation compa-

nies, which fact causes a noticeable firm-

ness in the English and continental mar-

kets. Restricted shipments are. reported

from Russia, while lndia’s crop and the

conditions in Argentina both augur for

the bull side of the deal. The chief bear-

ish feature of the trade is the lack of de-

mand for cash grain, millers taking only

what they need for immediate use. The

flour trade is slow. One year ago the

price of N0. 2 red wheat was $1.08 on the

local market. Quotations for this week

are:

No. 2 No. 1

Red. XVhite. Dec. MaY.

lWednesday ....941/2 941/2 95% 991/;

Thursday .. ..94‘/2 94% 95%, 991/2





 





Friday ........ 9.3 93 961,; 99%

Saturday . . ....94-'i.’t 94% 953,; 99%.

Monday ....... 94%. 943; 951/, 991/2‘

Tuesday ....... 941/2 941/2 95 991/4



Chit-ago, (Nov. 4) No. 2 red wheat





941/13fi1931éc; Dec, 847,440; May Stir-4c.

Corn.—This market has improved with

wheat, values running above those of a

week ago. Many sections that formerly

Were exporters of this grain will have too

little this year for their own needs anl

will draw upon outside sections. Husk—

ihg has been delayed on account of rains

and cold weather. The visible supply

Shows a decrease of nearly a. million bu.

One year ago the price for No. 1: Corn was

62c on the local market. Quotations are





as follows:



N0. 2 No. 2



Mixed. Yellow.

\Vcdnesday . . . . . . ........ 74 75

Thursday ................ 74 in

Friday .................... 7 75

Saturday ................. 74 75

Monday .................. 741/2 75%

Tuesday . . . ............... ”4%,





t , 15%

Chicago, (Nov. 4).—No, 2 corn 72%@

730; Doc. 691,5;c; May 7014(-; .luiy 69%0

0ats.——Tliis cereal f‘aile.l to make ad-

vances in face of the stronger markets

for wheat and corn. At the‘present time

there seems to be a fairly good supply.

which with the demand running slack,

causes an easier feeling in the trade, and

the consequent reduction of values. One

year ago standard oats were quoted at

350 per bu. Quotations for the past week

are:





Standard. White.

Wednesday . . . . . .......... 43 42%

Thursday . ............... 43 42%

Friday ..... . .............. 43 421,5

Saturday ................. 43 42%

Monday .................. 421/2 42

Tuesday ................ 42 411,52

Chicago, (Nov. 4).—No. 2 white oats





4233c; Standard 405301141134c; Dec. 37%c;

March 41536.



Beans—Further reductions are noted in

the price of beans. There has been fairly

liberal selling by farmers, many of whom

are perhaps influenced by the experience

of a year ago, when they lost money by

holding. Conditions this year are quite

different. and it seems to be the general

opinion among those best informed that

values will advance later. Most of this

year's crop will grade high and is at pres-

ent in good conditimr which, with the

shortage in the crop should make the

outlook favorable to those havirg beans

to sell. Immediate and Nov. shipments

are quoted at $1.80: January at $1.90 per

bushel at country points. At Chicago the

market is steady with pea beans hand-

picked, choice, ducted at $2.1503220; com-

mon 1515043175; red kidneys, choice, 353((3

3.10 per bu.



' Rye—This cereal declined 20 the past

week and the fade is quiet. N0. 2 is

quoted at 67c per bu.



Barleyp—At Chicago barley is quoted at

53((1‘80c per bu.. while Milwaukee quotes

the malting grades at from 6441. 81c.



Cloverseed.—»\'alues continue steady,

and the, trade is firm. l’rimc spot is

quoted at l‘ictrOit at $8 per bu: Dec, $3;

March $8.10. l’rimc alsike is steady at

$10.50 ]i(‘l‘ bll. At 'I‘OIOGO, Ileceniher and

March are. quoted at $3.30 and prime al-

sike at $10.70.



Alfalfa Seed.—i\larket is steady, with

prime spot quoted at $7 23 per bu.



Timothy Seed.~~—i\lal'ket steady at $2.50

per bu. for prime spot.





FLOUR AND—“FEEDS.





 





 





Noun—Jobbing lots in 1,4, paper sacks

are selling on the Detroit market per 196

lbs. as follows: Best patent. $5.30; sec-

ond. $4.90; straight, $4.50; spring patent,

$5.10: rye flour, $4.60 per bbl.



Feed.—In loo-lb. sacks, jobbing lots:

Bran, $25; coarse middlings, $27: fine

middlings, $27; cracked corn, $31; coarse

corn meal, $30; corn and oat chop, $26.50

per ton.



Hay.—A firmer tone prevails in this

market and prices are up 500. Carlots on

the track at Detroit are: No. 1 timothy

316506317; standard 315506316: No. 2

5514506315: light mixed $15.50@16; No. 1

mixed $13.50@14. ,



Chicago—Offerings liberal and demand

fair with nrices; steady. Choice timothy





to





THE 'MI-CHIGAN FARM'ER





quoted at $18@19 per ton; No. 1, $16.50@

17.50; No. 2, $15@16.



New York.-Prices rule about steady.

Large baled, No. 1 timothy, 22; standard

$20.50; light clover mixed, $19@20; heavy

mixed, $166318 per ton.



Straw.——Detroit.—~Steady. Rye, $8@9;

wheat and oat straw, $7@7.50 per ton.



Chicago—Quotable as follows: Rye

$8@9; oat $6636.50; wheat $6@6.50.



New York—Steady. New rye straw,





.$19@20 per ton.





DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





Butter.-—The local market holds very

steady. the sharp advance at other points

and the subsequent irregular and unset-

tled conditions not being felt here. Quo-

tations are: Extra creamery 30c per lb;

firsts 29c; dairy 23c; packing stock 210

per lb.



Elgin.——Market firm at Bic per 1b., an

advance of Inc over last week.



Chicago.——Demand is largely confined

to best makes and extra. creamcry is the

only grade showing a price change dur-

ing the week. Undergrades show conSid-

erable accumulation and in someon-

stances are dull and draggy. Quotations

are: Extra creamery fill/go; extra firsts

291/2@30e; firsts 26%«327c; seconds 23@

2315c; ladies 22%(323c; packing stock

211/20 per lb. '



New York.——This market. too, is 11‘-

regular. the situation being much the

same as at Chicago—top qualities in de-

mand and higher, others slow to lower.

Quotations rule as follows: Creamery

extras 32@33c; firsts 271/gfi330c; seconds

24%«327c; state dairy, finest 30@31c; good

to prime 27@29c; common to fair 23@26c;

packing 21@23c as to quality.



Eggs.——Strictly fresh stock continues

scarce at all points. Loeally the demand

is good and current receipts are quoted

1c higher than laSt week. Current offer-

ings, cases included, quoted at 30c Der

dozen.



Chicago—Ali grades quoted an aver-

age of 2c higher than last week, With

market generally steady. Fresh-laid and

fresh~gathcred stock commands outside

quotations while mixed held stock. which

constitutes the bulk of the receipts, IS

somewhat slow at inside figures. Quota.-

tions are: Miscellaneous lots, cases in-

cluded 2561‘29c, according to quality; do.

cases returned, 241A;@281/zc; ordinary

firsts 2643280; firsts 30((y3ic; refrigerator

stock in fair demand at 25@25l/2c for AD-

ril firsts.



New York—This market is strong,.the

better qualities advancing 3634c Since

this time last week. Under grades rather

irregular. Quotations are: Fresh gath-

ered extras 3Sfi1:40c;extra firsts 35fi1‘37c;

firsts 33(u34c; western gathered whites 33

((1)48c per dozen.



Poultry.——Because the larger dealers

failed to clean up the market since the

recent heavy run of receipts prices for

chickens have gone down. Other poultry

remains steady. Quotations: Live—Springs

12@13c; hens, 12((3121/éc; No. 2 hens, 9(a)

10c; old roosters 9(d10c; turkeys 17@18c;

geese 13@14c; ducks 156316c. ,



Chicago.——Notwithstanding the heavy

receipts of the past fortnight an active

demand has thwarted any attempt .to

slaughter prices. Turkeys are off 2c and

chickens a fraction. Geese are higher and

ducks steady. Quotations on live are:

Turkeys, good weight, 16c; others 12c;

fowls, general run. 12c; spring chickens,

1215c; ducks. 116314c; geese, 8@13%c;

guinea henS, “50636.50- per dozen.



Cheese.——Market rather quiet, values

unchanged. Wholesale lots, Michigan flats

15((3151/2c; New York fiats, 1761117150; brick

cream, 1763171/2c; limburger, 141/2@15c.



Veal.—Rather scarce in the local mar-

ket. Demand moderate. Quotations are:

Fancy 121/2(u}13c per lb;,common 10((311c.



Chicago.——Littie doing in this market,

light receipts meeting an indifferent de-

mand. Quoted as follows. Good to choice

9061.100 lbs., 1461.14l/zc; fair to good, 60@

90 lbs., 11%6313V2c.





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





 





Apples —Moving freely at better prices.

Quotation-“‘2 Snow $4634.50; Spy $35063

3.75; (ireen'ng $3.50((33.75; King $350634;

Twenty-ounce $3.50@3.75 per bbl; No. 2

$1.75@2.25 per bbl; bulk$1.25611.50 per

cwt. Al Chicago there is a firmer feel-

ing and only moderate offerings. Barreled

_:-,oods are moving more freely and at firm

quotations. Values rule from $2.50fi‘3.25

pet bbl., No. 1 Jonathan's selling best.



Grapes—4n 8-ib. baskets sales are made

at 320. At Chicago the market is higher

with receipts small. General quotation,

:126334c for 3-11). basket.



Pears ——I{iefers, 75c03$1 per bushel.



PotatOes.—Since quite a little stock is

coming in slightly frosted the range of

prices has widened. The feeling among

farmers and dealers is bullish for cheap

potatoes seem impossible. Quotations: in

bulk 606370c per bu: in sacks 65€1>75c per

bu. At Chicago the receipts are about

equal to requirements. and market re—

mains steady at last week’s prices. Mich-

igan stock is going at 70@750.



Cabbage.—Steady at last week’s figures.

Good quality quoted at $2632.25 per bbl.





 





PRICES ON DETROIT EASTERN MAR-

KET.





 





Former prices were well maintained on

the Eastern Market Tuesday morning.

There was a fair number of farmers and

buyers were plentiful enough to keep

prices firm. The offerings consisted large—

ly of apples and potatoes. The fruit grow-

ers continue to offer a large number of

windfalls, and this practice is holding the

price of apples down. the range extending

from 500633150. Potatoes were in fair

supply with the average offerings quoted

at 850 per ha. Pears 90c@$1 per bu;





spinach 50c; carrots 50c; peppers 50c;

cauliflower $1.25; parsnips 75@90c; pie

pumpkins $1; turnips 50c; squash 60@

70c; onions $1.50; eggs 400; chickens $1.25

per pair; celery 350 per large bunch.

Loose hay is not coming to market at all

freely, while value continue to range from

$15@18 per ton.





’ - GRAND RAPIDS.





 





 





Potatoes are leaders on the city mar-

ket this week, with prices around 65@70c,

Reports of shortage in the crop are com—

ing in and many tubers will be held for

higher prices. The' egg market is firm at

30c; dairy butter Steady at 23c. Hay is

selling at $17@22. The mills are paying

as follows for grain: \Vheat 90c; corn

74c; oats 40c; rye 580; beans $1.70. Dress-

ed hogs continue at 101/2@111,éc. In live

poultry, fowls are quoted at 110; ducks

10c; turkeys “@160.





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.

November 3, 1913.

Buffalo.

(Special Report of Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, New York).



We had 320 cars of cattle on sale to-

day, 23.000 reported in Chicago; our mar-

ket, quality considered, was just about

steady with last week. In fact, there

was no really prime cattle on the market

of the heavy weight. The best handy

weight butcher steers and heifers sold

full strong with last Monday and in some

instances 100 higher. At the close there

was perhaps 30 or 40 loads of stockers

and feeders unsold and three loads of fat

Ohio cattle that came in too late.



We quote: Choice to prime heaVy na-

tive cattle, $8.50@8.75; anything strictly

prime and corn fed would bring more.

Best shipping steers, Canada, $8.25@8.50;

fair to good weight steers, $7.50@7.75;

fair to good shipping steers, $7.50@7.65;

plain weighty steers, $7@7.50; choice to

fancy yearlings, $850639; good yearlings,

$7.75@8.25; best handy weight butcher

cattle, $7.75@8.25; heavy fancy fat cows,

$6636.50; choice to prime fat cows, $5.50

@575; good butcher cow's, $5.25(w5.50;

common to good cutters, $4434.25; can-

ners, 233.506.33.90; prime to fancy heifers,

$7.50@8; best heifers, $675637; medium to

good heifers, Mite/6.50; best feeders, $6.65

((1)7; fair to good feeders, $6636.25; best

stOckers, 35625642675; good stockers, $5.75

@625; common stockers, $4.75@5; best

butcher bulls, $6.25@6.75; bologna bulls,

351541625; Stock bulls, $5@5.75; best

milkers and springers, 3575612100; medium

to good, $45@60.



\Ve had a liberal supply of hogs today,

totaling 175 double decks. The demand

was good and prices 10((315c lower on all

grades but pigs, $8.25 took the bulk, with

a few selected mediums at $8.30@8.40;

pigs and lights, $7.75@8; roughs, $7.50

generally; stags $6.75@7.25., Market clos-

ed easy with a number of loads of late

arrivals unsold.



The sheep and lamb market was active

today; prices 250 lower than the close of

last week; mentpf the choice lambs sell-

ing from $7697.10. Look for shade higher

prices on lambs the last of the week with

moderate receipts.



We quote: Choice lambs, $7@7.10; cull

to fair, $5.50@6.90; yearlings, $5.25@5.75;

bucks, $3653.50; wethers, $5165.15; handy

ewes, $4.40@4.50; heaVy do, $4.25@4.35;

cull sheep, $3@3.50; veals, choice to ex-

tra, $11.50Q312; fair to good $10@11; heavy

calves, $5.50@8.





 





Chicago.

November 3, 1913.



Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Received today ...... 23,000 38,000 52,000

Same day last yearl.15,791 18,935 32,052

Received last week..66,166 144,697 192,784

Same week last year.59,265 121,739 133,316

Cattle were in excellent general demand

today at steady to 10c higher prices,

plenty of sales showing an advance, in—

cluding females and bulls as well as

steers. Hogs were largely 50 lower early,

with a top of $8.25, and before the close

packers were paying 10c lower. Hogs re—

ceived last week averaged 207 lbs., com-

paring with 225 lbs. a year ago, 203 lbs.

two years ago, 244 lbs. three years ago

and 228 lbs. four years ago. Feeder lambs

and sheep sold at steady prices, but mut-

ton flocks were called a dime lower, be-

cause of the large receipts. Eastern mar-

kets were lower, and this affected the



(‘hicago market.





(‘attie were greatly depressed in val-

ues last week by the great increase in the

receipts, with a particularly bad market

Monday, when a run of 33,545 head caus—

ed a quick decline of 15((325C, only fancy

yearlings and a few prime heavy steers

(*Scaping the break. There was a good

supply for \Vedncsday, when 19.000 head

showed up, the receipts including 100

cars of canncr cows consigned dirt-ct to

packers from Buffalo and Ohio river ship—

ping points. There was no superabund-

ance of good cattle that day, however,

and they sold .at steady prices, but medi—

um and common grades were irregularly

lower. Beef steers sold during the week

largely at 3377563925, the commoner class

of light-weight grassy steers going at

$6.75@7.75 and the best class of yearlings

at $9.25@9.75, there being a fresh high

record for the best. Pretty good to strict—

ly prime cattle of strong weights brought

$8.50u'9.50. while medium lots of steers

brought $8 and over. Butchering cows

and heifers had a slow outlet at sharp

declines in prices, sales ranging at $4.65

637.90, a few prime heifers bringing $8@

8.50. Cutters brought $4.15@4.60, canners

$3.25@4.10 and bulls $4.75@7.75. The big

decline in prices for stockers and feeders

that placed them on the lowest level of

the season resulted in a greatly increased

business, stock steers going at $475613

7.25, feeders at $6@7.50 and stock cows





NOV. 8, 1913.





and heifers at $4.75@6.60. Calves hada

fair sale at $4.75@10.75 for coarse heavy

to prime light vealers, and milch cows

sold at $60@11‘0 each. At the close of the

week the great bulk of the cattle, the

best excepted, sold 25@35c lower than a.

week earlier.



Hogs met with more favor from ioeal

packers and smaller butchers last week,

and there were recoveries from the re-

cent big decline in prices, although the

market was apt to be uneven. Usually,

early trading was mostly in hogs of the

better claSS, and after buyers had ab-

sorbed the cream of the offerings, the

coarser lots were purchased, the latter

failing to show any great amount of ac-

tivity. There has been a. narrowing ten-

dency of prices of late, and it promises

to become still narrower in the near fu-

ture. “little feilers" selling to better ad—

vantage than heretofore. Pigs and under-

weights continue to comprise a. large per-

centage of the offerings, however, and

choice heavy hogs have brought the high-

est priceS, hogs weighing fiom 300 to 320

lbs. being among the market toppers. The

light mixed class failed to do as well as

the little pigs weighing from 50 to 90 lbs.

on some days the latter moving up on

one day at least 25c. Hogs closed the

week with sales at $7.45638.30. comparing

with about the same prices a week ear-

lier, pigs going at $5637.70, stags at $8@

3.48 and throwout packing sows at $6.75@



Sheep and lambs were marketed freely

last week for so late in the season, with

a Monday run of 67.695 head. However,

there was a good demand from slaughter-

ers. shippers and feeders. and after a

sharp decline in prices the opening day,

due to the excessive supply, rallies in val-

ues took place. Fat lambs sold especially

well, being comparatively few and in

strong demand. but fat sheep also sold

freely at rallies from early declines. The

receipts from the ranges of Montana and

other states included an extremely large

representation of feeders, and many of

them were extremely thin and light in

weight, Selling at prices far below those

current for choice feeders. Because of

the existence of scab in Indiana feeding

districts, the federal authorities cause all

feeders to be dipped before going to that

state. At the week‘s close lambs sold at

$5.25@7.65, yearlings at $5636, wethers at

$435635, ewes at 3525063455, and breeding

ewes at $4.25fl‘5.50. Feeders bought range

lambs at $5@6.65, yearlings at $5435.40,

wethers at $4634.50 and ewes at $3633.75.



Horses were in fairly active general de—

mand last week, the call being mainly for

good and choice grades of heavy animals.

while the coarser horses moved off slow-

ly. \Vagon horses and good little chunks

usually sold quite well, and expressers

Showing quality were fairly active at

steady prices. Some. excellent horses car-

rying good weight brought $250 and up-

wards, but fair to pretty good horses were

bought for $200 and over.

rugged chunks were sold at $175@200, and

it was reported that they went danger-

ously near their country cost. . There was

scarcely any inquiry for the inferior and

blemished animals at $75fr3100. and horses

of the prime extra heavy draft type at

$300@350 were offered sparingly.





 





 





CROP AND M7tRKET NOTES.





 





(Continued from page 429).

joying an Indian summer. The corn crop

is very light, the yields ranging from five

to ten bushels per acre where not irri-

gated. The majority of spring pigs and

many cows have been sold, owing to the

Scarcity of corn and other feeds. Farm-e

ers’ Institutes will soon begin. Agricul-

tural high schools are being introduced in

this section. The prices for all agricul-

tural products are high.



Scotts Bluff, Oct. 27.—The weather has

been very cold but no snow has fallen.

Threshing is about done. Sugar beets are

about three-quarters harvested, and will

be the best crop in five years. Many

fields will yield 20 tons per acre. The

potato crop is all harvested here, and

they are selling at $1 per cwt.. f. o. b.

sacked. Range stock is doing fine on the

splendid fall pasture. Beef steers are

about all shopped out. There is a large

amount of alfalfa hay being shipped from

our gownf at grices ranging from $96310

per on . o. . Some lam '. , '

hands. 1 is changing



Cass 00., Oct. 27.—\Ve have had three

to four inches of rain, putting soil in

good condition. Although the sowing was

delayed ater than usual an increased av-

erage of winter wheat was sown, consid—

erable bei g sown in standing corn. Have

had some fi‘eezes and cool weather. Husk-

ing corn is in progress the yie‘d so far

being about one—third of a normal crop.

Stock of all kinds in good coudition.

PriceS: XVheat 75c; corn 65c: oats 40c;

cattle 31/2fi37c: hogs 7@714c; butter 25c;

butter-fat 30c; eggs 20c.



Colorado.





Weed 60., Oct. 30.~—October has been a

very disagreeable months. Several rain

storms and several snow storms occur—

ring. It froze one-half inch of ice at

times. This made slow work for the

threshers. who have about two more

we‘eks’. work. “’heat was pretty good

but price is low. $1.17 per cwt. Two weeks

of beet digging yet. All crops were very

good: lots of water and rain all year.

PriceS: Hay $106312 per ton: corn $1.80

per cwt; butter 35c: butter-fat 38c: eggs

30c. Very few hogs raised here. price

$8.25 per cwt; land $100fi3300 per acre.





Farmers have been marketing enormous

numbers of little pigs and young hogs be-

cause of the widespread prevalence of hog

cholera in various states tributary to the

Chicago stockyards. and they have been

sold at extremely low prices compared

With those obtained for matured bacon

hogs, the latter being much sought after.

Eastern shippers have been good buyers

of light and medium butcher-weight hogs

in the Chicago market for several weeks.





SOme good. ‘
' NOV. 8, 1913.





THIS IS THE FIRST EDITION.





In , the first edition, the Detroit Live

Stock Markets are reports of last week;

all other markets are right up to date.

Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock markets

are given in the last edition.-The first

edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi-

tion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early than they do for Thursday's

Detroit Live Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that effect.





 





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Thursday’s Market.

October 30, 1913.

Cattle.

ReceiptS, 1609. Market dull and 250

10wer than last week on all grades but





 





bulls, canners and feeders, which are

steady.

We quote. Best steers and heifers, $7.50





@775; steers and heifers, 1000 to 1200,

$7.25@7.50; WNW, $6.75@7; do

that are fat to 700, $5.50@6.50; choice

fat cows, $5.75@6; good do, $5.25@5.50:

common cows. $4.25@5; canners, $3@4;

choice heavy bulls, 5562542650; fair to

good bolognas, bulls, 35.75606; stock bulls

$4.25@5; choice feeding steers, 800 to 1000,

$6.75@7; fair do, 800 to 1000, $6.25@6.75:

choice stockers, 500 to 700, $6.25@6.75:

fair stockers, 500 to 700, $6@6.25; stock

heifers, $4.50@5.50; milkers, large, young,

medium age, $75@80; common milkers,

$406260. '



Haley & M. sold Wagner 8 stockers av

675 at $6.60; to Mich. B. Co. 9 butchers

av 876 at $6.50, 25 do av 977 at $6.75, 14

steers av 954 at $7, 6 do av 650 at $6.10;

to Hintz 7 stockers av 494 at $5.50. 8 do

av 600 at $5.75; to Bresnahan 26 steers av

1128 at $7.25, 3 butchers av 703 at $6. 3

do av 823 at $6.25; to Sullivan. P. Co. 2

cows av 1063 at $5.50, 2 do av 770 at $4;

to Curtiss 8 feeders av 847 at $7: to Kam-

man B. Co. 18 cows av 1165 at $5.95: to

Breitenbeck Bros. 14 butchers av 924 at

$6.70; to Parker, W. &. Co. 9 steers av

772 at $7, 49 do av 947 at $7; to Newton

B. Co. 5 cows av 1242 at $6, 1 do weighing

1000 at $5.25. 8 do av 1071 at $5.75. 4 do av

1025 at $5, 1 do weighing 970 at $4; to

Applebaum 2 heifers av 785 at $6.30, 4

cows av 1105 at $4.75; to Rattkowsky 4

bulls av 832 at $5.25; to Bresnahan 25

butchers av 1053 at $6.90: to Mason B.

CO. 6 cows av 1143 at $6; to Hertler 15

stOckers av 730 at $6.50, 3 .10 av 613 at

$6, 12 feeders av 1010 at $7.10; to Heinrich

14 steers av 974 at $6.75; to Rattkowsky

6 cows av 1040 at $5.50.



Spicer & R. sold Gerish Mkt. Co. 27

steers av 1096 at $7.60; to Slider 16 stock-

ers av 629 at $6.50: to Newton B. Co. 1

steer WC, whing 790 at $6: to Breitenbeck 1

null weighing 1120 at $6: to Truesdall 10

feeders av 730 at $7; to Sullivan P. Co.

3 cows av 863 a"; $4. 2 steers av 840 at

$6.70; to Mich. B. CO. 3 butchers av 917

at $5.75; to Hammond. S. & C0. 1 bull

weighing 1650 at$ 6.50; to Stadler 4 stock—

ers av 607 at $6.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 2

heifers av 715 at $6.75, 6 canners av 900

at $4, 2 bulls av 1265 at $6.25; to Rattkow-

sky 2 cows av 910 at $5.50, 3 do av 870 at

$5.25; to Bresnahan 24 steers av 1019 at

$7.20, 22 do av 1130 at $7.20: to Sullivan

P. Co. 7 do av 1147 at $7.10; to Bresnahan

10 butchers av 580 at $5.75. 7 bulls av 640

at $5.25; to Grant 17 butchers av 630 at

$5, 2 steers av 975 at $6, 6 cows av 828

at $4.90, 4 heifers av 870 at $6.75; to Riley

5 feeders av 752 at $6.35, 2 do av 830 at

$6.25; to Heck 9 do av 920 at $6.75, 10

stockers av 635 at $6.35.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P. CO. 3

cows av 924 at $4. 4 butchers av 932 at

$6.75, 2 bulls av 1415 at $6.35. 2 cows av

855 at $4 1 steer weighing 830 at $6.50, 3

cows av 857 at $4, 2 do av 1065 at $6, 4

do av 1057 at $5.50. 3 do av 870 at $4. 2

do av 1020 at $4.50. 5 (lo av 1160 at $5.50,

4 do av 967 at $4.25, 2 do av 1025 at $4.25,

3 do av 1010 at $5.30, 5 do av 1032 at $5.

1 bull weighing 1280 at $6, 1 do weighing

700 at $4.75. 1 do weighing 1420 at $6; to

Parker, W. & C0. 2 cows av 1070 at $5.50,

11 steers av 960 at $7. 24 do av 1012 at

$7.25. 19 do av 1124 at $7.50. 1 do weigh-

ing 930 at $7. 34 butchers av 640 at $6, 2

steers av 1100 at $7.25; to Applebaum 2

cows av 965 at $4.75: to Kamman B. Co.

1 heifer weighing 1020 at $7, 3 do av 813

at $6.60; to Bl‘esnzlhzin Jr, 5 (10 av 768 at

$6: to Rattkowsky 5 cows av 870 at $4.75,

2 do av 1095 at $5.25, 6 cows and bulls av

995 at $5.60: to Mich. B. Co. 18 butchers

av 830 at $6.25; to Goose 3 cows av 927

at $4.60, 4 do av 840 at $4.35; to Hintz 34

stockers av 581 at $6.10: to Kamman B.

('0. 3 cowx av 923 at $5.75; to Rattkowsky

5 cows av 1000 at $5.25.



Roe Com. Co. so‘d Breitenbeck 2 cows

av 950 at $4.50; to Kamman E. Co. 11

butchers av 925 at $6.60; to Sullivan P.

Co. 1 cow weighing 910 at $3.50; to Goose

9 do av 1031 at $4.80, 8 heifers av 420 at

$6; to Stadler 9 stockers av 600 at $6; to

Rattk0wsky 4 cows av 1062 at $5.30; to

Mich. B. Co. 1 steer weighing 800 at $7,

to Mich. B. Co. 2 cows av 950 at $6,

2 cows av 800 at $4.50, 11 do av 846 at

$4.80, 9 butchers av 998 at $6.50, 9 do av

615 at $5.90; to Grant 1 steer weighing

890 at $6; to Mich. B. Co. 6 cows av 1008

at $5; to Sullivan P. Go. 23 steers av 960

at $6.75; to Kamman E. Co. 20 do av 823

a§3g6.60; to Jones 26 feeders av 819 at

$. .



Veal Calves.



Receipts, 589. Market steady. Best,

10@11; others, $7@9.50.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. & Co.

4 av 155 at $10.50, 3 av 170 at $11, 3 av

140 at $10-50. 19 av 150 at $11; to Sullivan

P. Co. 1 weighing 120 at $10.50, 5 av 165

at $10.25, 2 av 180 at $9.75. 3 av 150 at

$11; to Nagle P. Co. 3 av 160 at $11. 3 av

150 at $10.50. 2 av 125 at $10.75, 2 av 130

at $10.50, 3 av 165 at $11, 4 av 155 at

$10.50; to Parker. W. & Co. 27 av 140 at

$10: to Burnstine 1 weighing 280 at $6.50,

2 av 110 at $8 13 av 150 at $10.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





Spicer & R. sold Parker, W. & Co. 5

av 145 at $11, 7 av 140 at $11, 16 av 150

at $10.60, 7 av 140 at $11; to Goose 9 av

140 at $10.75.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts, 8402. Market, opening dull at

Wednesday’s prices; think will close trifle

lower. Best lambS, $6.75@7; fair to good

lambs, $6.50; light to common lambs, $5.75

@625; fair to good sheep, $4@4.50; culls

and common, $2.75@3.



Spicer & R. sold Mich. B. Co. 31 lambs

av 73 at $6.75, 12 do av 77 at $7, 49 do av

65 at $6.75, 11 sheep av 105 at $4.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. & Co.

72 sheep av 85 at $3.50; to Sullivan P. Co.

15 lambs av 48 at $6.25, 16 do av 55 at

$6.50, 37 sheep av 110 at $4.25, 14 lambs

av 50 at $6.25, 14 do av 55 at $6.60, 5 sheep

av 100 at $4.25, 22 lambs av 55 at $6.35;

to Thompson Bros. 12 sheep av 90 at $4.

11 lambs av 65 at $6.75; to Nagle P. Co.

198 lambs av 80 at $7, 56 do av 70 at

$6.90, 49 do av 70 at $7, 185 do av 85 at

$6.75, 29 sheep av 115 at $4.40, 75 lambs

av 70 at $7; to Hammond, S. &. Co. 45 do

av 68 at $7, 44 sheep av 95 at $4.50, 14 do

av 105 at $4.50. 5 do av 85-at $3.25. 99

lambs av 75 at $7, 34 do av 55 at $5.35: to

Nagle P. Co. 86 do av 70 at $6.90, 175 do

av 75 at $7, 107 do av '85 at $6.75, 80 do

av 80 at $7, 45 do av 77 at $7, 14 do av

50 at $6.20; to Sullivan P. Co. 65 sheep

av 135 at $4.35, 25 lambs av 50 at $6.25:

to Parker, W. 8; Co. 17 sheep av 90 at

$3.50; to Ratner 25 do av 95 at $4: to Sul-

livan P. Co. 45 sheep av 120 at $4.25. 22

sheep av 90 at $3.25; to Hayes 27 lambs

av 50 at $6: to Sullivan P. Co. 60 doav

50 at $6.25; to Nagle P. Co. 21 sheep av

90 at $4.40, 20 do av 85 at $2.75; to Young's

52 lambs av 83 at 86.75. 10 sheep av 122

at $4; to Fitzpatrick Bros.'15 do av 85

at $3.25.



Haley & M. sold Mich. B. Co. 68 sheep

av 125 at $4.25, 15 do av 105 at $4.25. 17

lambs av 55 at 86.25, 19 do av 60 at $6.50,

6 sheep av 130 at $4, 72 lambs av 58 at

$6.50; to Newton B. Co. 88 do av 75 at

$6.90; to Young 110 do av 88 at $7, 36 do.

av 60 at $6.25, 192 do av 80 at $7; to Har-

land 25 do av 70 at $6.75; to Newton B.

CO. 88 do av 75 at £6.90.



Hogs.



Receipts, 8588. None sold up to noon;

prospects 5@10c higher than on Wednes-

day.



Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers, $8.05@8.15; pigs, $7.25@7.60; mixed,

$8.05@8.15; heavy, $8.05@8.15.



Spicer & R. sold Hammond S. & Co.

725 av 190 at 88.10, 40 pigs av 125 at $7.50.



Haley & M. sold same 750 av 190 at

$8.10, 550 av 180 at $8.15.



Roe Com. C0. sold Sullivan P. Co. 525

av 185 at $8.15.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. & Co.

3150 av 170 at $8.10, 1015 av 210 at $8.15,

1017 av 160 at $8.05, 540 av 140 at $8.





 





Friday’s Market.

October 31. 1913.

Cattle.



Receipts this week, 2085; last week,

1516. Market steady.



We quote: Best steers and heifers,

$7.50@7.75; steers and heifers, 1000 to 1200

$7.25er7.50; do 800 to 1000. $6.75@7; do

that are fat, 500 to 700, $5.50@6.50; choice

fat cows, $5.75@6; good do, $5@5.50; com-

mon do, $4.25@5; canners, $3@4; choice

heavy bulls, $6.25@6.50; fair to good bo-

lognaS, bulls, 85.754176; stock bulls, $4.25

(114.50: choice feeding steers. 800 to 1000,

$6.75@7; fair do, 800 to 1000, $6.25@6.75;

choice stockers. 500 to 700, $6.25@6.75;

fair do. 500 to 700. $6656.25; stock heifers,

$5625.75; milkers, large. young. medium

age, $70@80; common milkers, $40@60.



Veal Calves.



Receipts this week, 739; last week, 614.

Market steady. Best, $10@11; otherS,

$7@9.75.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this week_ 9710; last week,

7100; market steady. Best lambs, $7; fair

to good lambs, $6.50@6.75; light to com-

mon lambs, $5.75@6.25; fair to good sheep

$4@4.50; culls and common $3@3.50.





ogs.

Receipts this week. 12,187; last week

9552; market 5@10c lower.

Range of prices. Light to good butch-

ers, $86i‘8.25; pigs, $7@7.50; light yorkers.

$8@8.05; heavy, $8@8.05.





LIVE STOCK N EWS.





E. M. Hastings, Sales Manager, Lacona,

N. Y., writes: "Granddaughters of King

of the Pontiacs are always at a premium.

Therefore, the Bachman sale, to be held

at Azalia. Mich., Nov. 20, is entitled to

special attention, as its offerings include

some of the granddaughters of King of

the Pontiacs bred to a grandson of the

same sire. It will be noted by the adver-

tisement in this issue that the Bachman

sale is the second in the series. Mr. Bach-

man tells us that the offerings comprise

a fine lot of individuals, and judging by

their breeding and the fact that all are

of good ages, it would Seem that they

must prove a desirable purchase.



The Meridale herd has been-making

milk and butter in Delaware county. New

York, for the past 25 years. The herd has

grown, in this quarter of a century, from

11 head of grades to about 350 thorough~

bred Jerseys; while the area. of the farm

has increased from 30 to about 1,800 acres.

Yearly authenticated testing was begun

at Meridale Farms, located in Delaware

county, N. Y., January 1. 1909. In 1910

there were 52 cows in the herd which had

qualified for the Register of Merit on year-

ly tests, their average product being 6.949

lbs. of milk. 413 lbs. of butter. In 1911

there were 97 of them. with an average

yield of 7.596 lbs. of milk, 462 lbs. of but-

ter. In 1912 they numbered 117, and their

average yield stood at“ 7,624 lbs. milk. 471

lbs. butter. This year there are again 117





cows with authenticated yearly records.

but their average product has arisen to

7,894 lbs. milk. 509 lbs. butter per cow for

the year and in this average are included

26 two-year-olds. .





 





ADDITIONAL VETERINARY.





 





Cracked Heels—My 14-year-old horse

went lame in left fore leg four Weeks ago.

Leg swelled badly, broke open in sev-

eral places under fetlock, soon spread

over leg and lately the other leg is sore.

I called a Vet. who called it mange caus-

ed by an insect. He gave me two kinds

of medicine, one to apply, the other to

give, and said he would be much better

in two days and he soon recovered, but

legs are swelling lately. I am inclined to

belieVe his kidneys are sluggish. His

feed consists of ciover hay, corn fodder

and some new corn. C. E. W., Otsego,

Mich—He had an attack of cracked heels

(scratches) and if you will apply one part

carbolic acid and ten parts glycerlne to

sores they will soon heal. Give him a

dessertspoonful of Fowler's solution and

a. teaspoouful of powdered nitrate potash

at a dose in feed two or three times a

day. His bowels should be kept open.



Indigestion——Impure

horse not 19% than 20 years old which has

good teeth. eats plenty, breaks Out in

sores and fails to lay on flesh. J. G. W.,

Battle Creek, Mich—Perhaps you should

increase his food supply and give him 1,4

oz. Donovan‘s Solution at a dose in feed

three times a day. Salt him well and

exercise him daily.



Paralysis—Feeding Hens—One of my

hens seems to have, 10st use of legs and

I would like to know if she has paralysis.

I am told that I over fed her. Mrs. E.

J. H., Fremont. Mich—Kill hen. she

will not get well. If she was too fleshy

high feeding may have caused her loss of

power. You ask how to feed your hens.

Feed cracked corn_ oats, wheat, some

meat scraps and let them exercise and

hunt part of their food supply.



Vertigo—Blind Staggers.——I haye a.

mare that has had three sick spells late-

ly, showing the following symptoms: First

throws up head, wabbles some, drops

down on hind quarters and after each at—

tack. she appears weak. Her appetite 13

good and she does not seem sick. Now

is this a dangerous disease and can it be

cured? A. B., Montrose, Mich.——You are

perhaps overfeeding her; exercise her

daily, keep bowels open and active, also

give 1 dr. ground nux vomica, 1,4 oz. bi-

carbonate soda and 2 drs. potassium bro-

mide at a dose in feed three times a day.

If she is fleshy, reduce her.



Sore Teats.—-One of my cows has had

sore teats all summer; now several of my

herd are in much the same condition and

I am afraid it is a contagious ailment. A

Subscriber. Milford, Mich—Alpply one

part permanganate potash and 200 parts

water to sores once daily; also apply one

part blchloride mercury and 500 parts

water once a day. One part carbolic acid

and 10 parts glycerine is another useful

remedy to finish up with.



indigestion—COugh.——Heifer came fresh

five weeks ago and has given 20 qts. of

milk daily, until laSt Sunday; since then

only one quart and I can't account for

it. I bought and had a calf shipped to

me two weeks ago, Since then it breathes

much like a broken—winded horse; be-

sides. it coughs. 'D. K. W., Kendall,

Mich.~—Change feed. give 1 lb. epsom

salts, one dose only, also give 1 oz. of

bicarbonate soda, 1 oz. charcoal and 1

oz. salt at a dose in feed three times a





day. She may need exercise.





', Write Us First ffimpgigiggf

Highest Prices for Furs

g: ufy any'quantigyzevery kind, Send



ay or rices an s '



Mule-charms. 124 11.11.353.13 “flux?





PUMP GRIND SAW 33:93:





Wood Mill: on But. Engine are Sillpol

Food Grinders, Sow

From, Stool his





CATALOG“ rm

ABII‘I‘B WANTID





PorkimWiudMiIl& .4 '





 





 





 

 

 

 





 





 





 





136 null or.





Mhhowah. Ind, . . . .

LOOK HERE! no you want I “6 MARKER?





I will out your name neatly on Brass (one inch let-

ters) and send to any address. postpald. on receipt

of 25 cents, it more than 10 letters in name 2 cents

for each letter extra. Send all orders to



A. H. BRAUNLICH. Ida. Mich.





 





 





 

 





Biood.—Have a ‘





19—‘431





Prof. Jesse Beery’s





introductory Course in





Horse-Trainin





It you own 3 horse or



colt. or are Interested



in horsestill send you



1%: Introductory Course I



on



junvinu “Wren the um.

um new teaching others the



secreteofmy-uooooooeotam- PM. W



or and trainer of horses. Kill! 0! Horse-Trainer.





The Beery System of Horsemanship





enable: any man or womn to duplicate my muvolous feet-

of horscmonlhip. It is simple, practical and humane.





Every Horse Owner Should Know

how to train a colt. how to cure kickers. when. biterl.

halter-pullers. trickstorl. runowoyl. etc. How to tell du-

pgnition o! o horse at o glance. How to make viciou-

one. metal. gentle and valuable.

Success of Boory Students

My graduates are doing wonders. Many making 81.2%

to 33,000 a year. training and selling, at. home or trav-

eling. I Show the way. Write for Free introductory

Course and. Prospectus now. Tell me about your horse.





' Free Coupon





. Prof. Jesse Decry

Box 42 Pleasant lllll. Ohio

Please send, without cost or obli-

tion. the Beery Introductory Course in Horne-

raining and your Prospectus.





 

   

 





 





 

 





 





 

 





 





 

 

 





 





Name ......................................... ...





Address ..........................................





 





 





 





 





BELGIANS

They Are Here!





H. & H. Wolf, importers of Belgian





Horses exclusively, advise old and

Drospective patrons that their new 1913

importation is now in their barns. It

is in all respects by far the most se-

lect lot of horses of this breed that.

have ever been stabled in their barns.

Big, weighty, typey drafters of quality

all through, that challenge comparison

with the Best Anywhere. A select lot

of mares, too. Get our terms and Guar-

antee. This will interest you as much

as the horses.





Hewo Stock Farm





Wabash, Indiana

More than/a quarter c ury

with‘ the 8111??





 





 





 





 





   





It lies within your power to wipe





Cow Abortion





out of your herd and keep it out.

Use Dr. Roberts’ Treatment. Apply it

yourself. Properly applied, it never fails

I. to stamp out this disease and



o





   

   

 





clean the herd. Saves lives of

calves. Write at once to





David Roberts





Veterinary Com an

9641 Wisconsin ML. WAIIEIII’A. Wis.y





IIIHZDEIS' DIRECTORY.

CATTLE.





   

   





 





 





l'T'l‘lE GEM HATGHERIES





l and BROODERS cost only me. each. Over

2 200,000 now in use. Send stamp for catalo .

F. smut. mum! EXPERT. Inrrlunvll‘lo. Illlnu .





MIBHIEAN FARMS and FARM LANDS





For sale or trade: reliable information furnished on

any port of note. If you wish to buy. sell or trade.

wt





“to .I. D. BUTTERFIELD. 521 Hammond Bldg” Dllrlll





WeWamHAYwnAw'





_ We get the top price on consignments. make

liberal advancements and prompt remittances.





Daniel McCailrey’s Sons 60.





PITTSBU RG, PA.

Reference. Washington Trust Company, or my bouk in cl”.





 





 





 





 





Potatooc, Apples. We no! 111311001; market price

for on loads. The l. L. Richmond c... Dom".

lloh. Responsible representatives wanted.





2.000 FERRET: 12316;?”{2’a’l’3i3d65‘322‘i‘n3‘é3’0t

mailed free. NEWELL A. KNAPP. Rochester, Ohio.

FARM! ‘330117'3 3:53:64 51103:; “13.3.25?

ma om- Ihippod direct con. by W l





for Information. It: will pay you. American Butter

& Choc-o 00.. 31-83 GMold 81‘... Detroit. Mich.





 





 





Aberdeen-An us.

Bord. consisting of Trojan Erioao. B aokbirds and

Pridos. onl . in headed by Ecol-ton W. the GRAND

OHAMPIO bull at the State. West Michigan and

Bay City Pairs of 1912 and the siren! winners at those

Fairs and at THE INTERNATIONAL. Oblong. of

1912. WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionia. fell.





GUERNSEYs—Reg' 'l‘uberculln Tested. Winder-

moco form, Watervliot. Mich.

J. K. BLATOHFORD. Auditoriun Tower. OhiomJll.

ready for service. Largo. thrift ‘



Guernsey Bu“ top notcher. Write today for thy-

scription and price. G. A. Wigent. Wotenliet. Mich.





 





 





Purebred Registered





HOLSTEIN C A TT L B



The Greatest Dairy Brood

Semi for FREE Illustrated Booklets

Holstein-Frieda. Auo..Box I“. Brottleboro.Vt.





 





Fun s‘lE—-Registered Holstein bull 18 mos. old.

Alon bull calves. Excellent breeding.

TRACY F. CRANDALL. Howell. Michigan.





A FEW CIOICE Holstein Erie-inn Bull Colvee

for Sale. A. R. 0. Stock.



GREGORY & BORDEN. Howell. mmgan.

IGISTERED HOLBTEIN BULL 2 months old.

Moulywhito.excellent individual. Out of 131b.A.R.





0. dam and by bull of fashionable breeding. :60 do-

livorod. Write for pedigree. Hohnrt W. hymn... um.





llaglshinnlwnno 6183213333527428‘352933





 





. B. EAVEY. Akron. Michigan.

(Brecders' Directory continued on page 433 ‘
FARM SETTLEMENT

on 3400 acres lnS.W.Eenrqiu-

selected and approved bYAgr. Dept.





CENTRALOfEEURGIA RT





The Central of Georgia Ry. has con-

tracted with the owner of the best

available tract along its lines to sub-

divide and sell at reasonable prices

on terms of one-third cash. balance

in 3 years at 6%. Most of the farms

have half or more cleared land.

F arms sold only to white farmers in





Farms of 25

to 200 Acres





If you want a Southern farm home, this

is your opportunity. Write today for

descriptive pamphlet and book Ala-

bama and Georgia. the Home-Seekers’

Opportunity That Was Overlooked.”





J. F. JACKSON. Agricultural Agt.

Central of Ca. R .

, 259 W. Broad St. Savannah. Ga.





 





 





UntaWdo -





Disk Tools for Intensive Tillage





There isn’t a farmer in America but

who should own at least one CUT-

AW'AY (CLARK) disk harrow or plow.





Over 100 Styles and Sizes





Ask us about the DOUBLE ACTION ENGINE

HARROVV. the DOUBLE ACTION—REGULAR.

the DOUBLE ACTION—EXTENSION HEAD—(for

orchard work). the SINGLE Acrxon—Rncut AR.

the SINGLE ACTION—EXTENSION HEAD—(for

orchard work). the BUSH AND Boo PLOW. the

CORN AND COTTON HARROVV, the RIGHT LAP

PLOW, the CA1 IFORNIA ORCHARD PLOW, or the

one—horse barrows and cultivators. whichever

it may be that you need. Ask your dealer to

Show you a CUTAWAY (CLARK) machine. Do

not accept a substitute. \Vrite us for catalog.





The Cutaway Harrow Company

Maker oft)” original CLARK dirk harrowr and plow:

992 Main Street, Higganum. Conn.





 





 

 





 

 

   





BOOK FREE Th d. k

“The Soil and ‘ f0: ,3 5.3:;

lntenaiveTiIIa “1'—





 





 





. ‘. .i/ ., g

A Florida Home .. -

Thousands of ersons are dreaming and plan-

ning to own a ittlefarm some day. Are you one

of them? A home with a grove. truck farm, and

poultry yard in Florida 'means independence.

Success is easier than failure. Let us help you

locate right. Illustrated booklets and “Facts

about Florida." FREE.





FLORIDA EAST COAST RY. 0’

J. E. IlGRAHAU.V.-Pres.. or UNIS lAIEOI.Northwestern

Room 119 City Bldg.. Agent. Room 119 10.) West





-THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





THE OVER-LOADED FRUIT TREE.





 





In taking an inventory of the accidents

that may befall the fruit trees, one can-

not overlook the question of over-loaded

them In making surveys of orchards the

Observer is surpriSed at the large num-

ber of trees that have main branches, or

whole halves, broken down. \Vhere fruit

growing is a real part of the farmers bus-

ineSS the accidents from overloading cur-

tail to no small degree the value of the

orchard products. These accidents nat-

urally happen on years when fruit is

plentiful, and consequently work for a

greater shortage the following seasons

when a. scarcity prevails and prices rule

high. The matter is also of importance

in that theSe trees usually die earlier than





 





their unharmed neighbors, leaving vacant

places in the orchard, places that give





 





 





St. Augustine. Fla. Adams street, Chicago. Ill.





MAPLE SYRUP MAKERS!





The Grimm Evaporator /§l





used by principal

maple syrup makers

everywhere. Sav-

ing of time and fuel

alone will pay for

the outfit. Write for

catalogue and state

number of trees you

tap.



GR] MM MANUFACTURING 00.





169-621 Champlain Ave" N.W.. Cleveland. OhIO.





Pulverized Lime Ro‘ck





We can ship in carload lots in two days after order

is received from Muskegon and Benton Harbor.

Write for prices direct to you.





LAKE SHORE STONE 00.. Milwaukee. Wis.





 





 





 





   

   





 





. ' 5 7»- WSMITHGRUBBERfiO. .

.anag-u pr. 19 LA CRESCENT." MIN '





 





 

 





When writing to advertisers please

, mention The Michigan Farmer





 





little if any returns after tho trees are

gone. since the little Openings cannot be

[otherwise utilized while the orchard

'stands.





Overloaded orchards are usually to be

found on farms where the orchards are

not given good care. To this statement

there are exceptions, of course, but care-

ful observation will show it to be the

rulc. The uncured for orchard will not

produce much fruit for a few years, Or

until it has accumulated vitality to ovor-

come its natural handicaps, and have

some to spare, when it will under favor-

able circumstances develop an'enormous

number of buds into fruit. \Vhen the

fruits are small the weight is readily

borne by the trees, but as pulp and seed

enlarge the weight inc1eases until the en-

tire strength of the limbs is used. Then

some windy day the damage follows.



But not always do theFe nccidcnts oc-

cur on stormy days. The writer recalls

being in an orchard one morning and no-

iticing a beautiful Snow apple tree that

was overloaded with fruit. That after-

noon he had occasion to pass by the tree

again and the branches were fullcn to the

ground. as the one in the accompanying

illustration. Yet the day was very still.



But storms are an added cause. since

the twisting and shaking of the weighted

limbs may tear wood liSsuc that would

lhold if only the weight of the fruit was

‘to be supported. Storms being of ex-

ccedingly variable intensity it is difficult

to know just how much weight the trees

ought to be allowed to carry. But since

thcre are fewer of the severe Storms one

must use h;s judgment and operate so

that the loss to him will be brought to

a. minimum.



Now to reduce the loss from this cause

to a minimum there are more than one

practice to give attention to. A careful

watching of the amount of fruit growing

on the tree and the removal of any sur-

plus would almost entirely obviate the

necessity of considering other means;

still the method of heading and the style

of pruning the trees and the system of

bracingr the branches. add considerable to

the strength of the plants to carry crops.

And these precautions should be added

to that of thinning the fruit.



Bracing the branches is not a common

practice except, perhaps, with a few old

trees showing a tendency to break down.

However, some orchardists do the work

systematically by going through the or-

chard when the trees are young and tying





 





 





Elllllllllllll||llIll||llllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllll||l||IlllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllll||llllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllll|llllIllllIlllllll|lll|lIIllllllllllllllllllllllllg





Horticulture. ,





El|||lllllll|||IIllllIllllll|Illll|lllllll|lll||lllllllllll|IllllIlll||||lll|llllIlllIlllll|llllllllllllIlll|lllllllIll||lllIllll|lI||llllIllllllIlllllIlll||lllllllllll||l||l||l|l|llllllllllllllllll||l|ll||||l||||Illllll||Ill|||Ill||lllllllllllllllllllllllfifi





 





together small branchces in such a way

as to grow a living brace to each main

limb. This practice aids in building strong

trees.



The style of pruning is another feature

that weakens or strengthens the trees. If

the tops are not allowed to grow far out

away from the trunks then the branches

will hold more fruit Without breaking.

How to prune to secure this end is the

art of the real horticulturist.



The formation of the tops when the

trees are yet small determines much in

the ability of the tree to withstand the

tests of time. If the main branches leave

the trunk at practically the same level

there is increased danger of an accident

some stormy day, while if the branches

start at different levels the insurance





 





 





The Usefulness of this Tree has been Prematurely Ended by Overloading.





against risks of overloading is amplified.



\Vlth these tasks should go the thinning

of the fruit, that gradually growing prac-

tice which is becoming popular wlth all

progressive fruit men. By taking care

that the trees do not USc all their vitality

for the production of a bumper crop in a.

season when fruit is cheap and saving it

for growing a fair crop in :1 year of scar-

city it will enable the trees in a term of

years to carry a' large amount of fruit

without endangering them.



Like the attacks of insects and other

posts, the way to prevent trees from

breaking down is to give care that will

cnablc them to stand against the demands

made upon their strength.





STORING CABBAGE FOR WINTER

‘ USE.





 





It is often desirable to store cabbage

for home use in the winter and decaying

cabbages give off such an unpfeasant odor

that it is a very objectionable practice to

store them in the cellar. In those fum-





ilies whore sauer kraut is relished, the

oue-“tion of Storing cabbage is easily

handled, for it can be stored as sauel‘





kraut but, where this diSh is not liked, it

is ncceSSuI‘y to store the cabbage in some

other way.



If cabbages can be stored out of doors,

they keep in better condition. besides re-

moving the unpleasantness of storing in—

Side.



it is :1 practice with many farmers to

dig trenches about eight or ten inches

deep, and wide enough to hold three or

four cabbage heads. The cabbages are

pulled after cold weather sets in and af-

ter placing a small amount of straw in

the bottom of the trench, the cabbziges are

set in with the heads downward. Then

the ditch is covered with dirt, leaving

just the cabbage roots sticking out. In

the winter when a cabbage is needed for

dinner, it may be easily obtained by dig-

ging away a small amount of the dirt sur-

rounding the root and then the cabbage

can be pulled out.



There are several

method of storage.

reason stated above. the cabbage keep

better out of doors. It is a well known

fact that as SOOn as these crops get dead

ripe. they start to decay and go “down

hill.” Now the longer one can keep them

in a ripening state, the better they keep

and the less danger there will be from

rotting. It is for the same reason that

cabbages areoften stored for winter while





advantages of this

In addition to the





NOV. 8. 1913.





they are yet very green. They go on

maturing in storage and the colder the

storage conditions, the slower is the ma-

turing process. Slight freezes and thaws

do not hurt the eating qualities of cab-

bagee—r-it is the alternate hard freezing

and thawing which does them the harm

and so if they are eight or ten inches be-

low the grOund, they are out of danger of

hard frosts and so far below that they

will not be affected by the winter thaws.



The very fact that the heads are kept

cool tells why they would be less liable

to rots. Since the cabbages are placed

with the heads downward, all the rain or

moisture is conducted downward off from

the head, not into it. If these vegetables

are stored in this manner and near to

the house they are very accessible and

may be gotten and prepared as easily as

when they are stored in the cellar.



The advantages of outdoor storage for

cabbage are: l. The elimination of foul

odors from the cellar; 2. the vegetables

will keep better and longer, and 3, they

are costly gotten and prepared for meals.



Ingham Co. I. J. MATHEWS.





FALL WORK IN THE GARDEN.





 





about the country in the late

fall. after the frosts have killed all the

tender plants, I have been much inter-

ested in noting the condition of the gar-

dens, so much so, in fact, that I am mov-

ed to write a few paragraphs of advice

out of the fullness of many years of ex-

perience. So many seem to think that

no mcrc work is necessary after the pass—

ing of summer, except to garner the har—

Vest, and the litter of vegetable tops.

Weeds and vincs is left to be cleared up

next spring when time is limited and mo-

ments are precious.



Some conlcud that the weeds and vines

serve us a mulch and help to conserve

the. fertility. Be that as it may, I have

practiced the method of clearing away all





Riding





surplus weeds und Vines and placing

them on a compost heap, where with a.

mixturc of muck and leaves the fertiliz-





ing o-lcmeuts are prepared to be returned

to the soil a year later. So when any-

vine has ended its period of production it

is promptly rcmoVed. So far as possible,

no weeds are allowed to go to seed, and‘

in this way fewer weeds appear euchi

year. I think few gul‘dcners appreciate

how much labor can be saved in this way.





l





My garden is covered with a layer of

manure from the cow barn after every-

thing.r is removed, and this is plowed un-

dcr in the spring. leinc; exposed to the

action of thc clcmelltS all winter rots the

manure and iriakes it much more readily

:iccrssible as plant food than new manure

would be. Vegetables like parsnips and

sulsii’y are covered with coarse strawy

mauurc- lo guard against alternate freez-

ing and thawingr during the cold months.

The llglvor of tho roots seems consider-

ably improved in this way. Straw and

litter from the stable also serves as an

excellent c-‘vve'ing for the strawberry and

asparagus beds, as well as the autumn-

sown spinach. In the spring all the

coarse matm‘iul should be raked away and

will help to build up the compost heap.

The material of this compost heap is an

excellent fertilizer for sweet corn and has

givcn line results with melons and squash

as a supplcmcnt to the stable manure.



In the small fruit patch, all dead canes

are cut away in the fall, not too close to

the ground, but no dry branches are left.

Leaves may be allowed to collect about

the blm-kbcrry and raspberry bushes and

will serve as some protection against the

frosts of winter. Some of the tenderer

shrubs- :md rose bushes of the border are

wound in straw and burlap, and I am well

repaid by the beautiful flowers each year.



Aside from the added production, and

the ease of cultivation directly traceable

to this fall work in the garden. it is

worth something to me to have my neigh-

bors say as they drive past, “How nice

his garden looks.” Ti'hen the garden is‘

near the public highway and close to the '

farm buildings, it adds much to the at-

tractiveness of the place if the plot is

kept neat and clean.



New Hampshire. C. H. lCHESLEY.





The Potash Industry

new book recently published by German

Kali “'orkS, Inc.. 1901 McCormick Bldg,

(‘hif‘zlgo_ in. This book gives a historical

sketch of the potash industry, together

with illustrated sketches of mining and

manufacturing processes, and statistics

regarding the output of potash salts and

the consumption of same in the different

countries of the world. The importance

of potash to agriculture is made the Sub-

ject of a special chapter. while in the li-

lustrations comparative yields with and

without use of potash are shown. This

book is sent free by the above firm to

readers of this paper.





is the title of a





 





A.
21—433





“FENCE





-M ..

“or“?





Nov. 8, 1913.





fl!lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllll llllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllL:E .-





P11





in

l

x.





 

 

 

   





Veterinary.





ailllllllll||lllflllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll

CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.





 





 





Advice through this department is free





     





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

   

 

 





our subscribers. Each communication or - ,\_,,-_,



Sigma state hiStory and symptoms of the Q Steel Wire h, . ,Ifl

case in full; also name and address of . i m 77' r l,

writer. Initials only will be published. ll If W 1d 1) El t c ot .<.,..,...._k._,_.:,\

Many queries are answered that apply to 1:. e a! y ec rlc1 y . > _ , ."".‘f‘:’" m

the same ailments. If_ this column lS .; Thesearethe reasons why ”Pittsburgh Perfect" "3,, ~51 74'4”

watched carefully you» will probably find .:: Fence an. n" "on”. The wire. the galvanizing, c’ “A M“ -

the desired information in a reply that the methodofconstruction. make "Pittsburgh Per- 1 _ fig“; 1. _



, 4 has been made to someone else. When fect“ the strongest, best looking, most lasting, :l , N



reply by mail is requested, it becomes effective and satisfactory line of fencing produced j: r/ , (I, . ,



private practice, and a fee of $1.00 must anywhere. It is the easiest to Stnpg._becau5e 415 E._ Ty, ’1

accompany the letter. ‘ acne-piece fence. the electric weld JOlnlngoté‘lse 2111:: : i‘i . ., if 2





 





permanently at every contact point. . _

spread the stays, nor can they lift the fabric, and L '

stock can‘t break it down for all strains and shocks v

are resisted by its whole surface.





 





if





y.

4P

dl'





Rheumatism.—F0r many years I have

been a reader of the Michigan Farmer





 





' iii





 





{'6 'Al')' “





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





him a dessertspoonful of powdered nitrate





'





and get much valuable information from r: The . .. . n

- - - - . great popularty of Pittsburgh Perfect

It" In_ watching Veterinary column I fall I Fence surely promptsA you to thoroughly investigate

to notice Slmllar 03595 to my Ill-year-pld "3‘: it. We want you to; so write t y for our latest .

driving horse which is lame in right hind Egg catalogue (sent free), which tellsuhow to test wire A ,

leg. only part of the time. After a drive 5"“. for yourself. and shows the many Pittsburgh Per- )3“?-

and when allowed to stand still, he shows ,5: feet“ Fences for every FIELD. FARM. RANCH. .-._. All"

some lameness starting. but soon recov- $1 -LAWN. CHICKEN. POULTRY and RABBIT ‘ ‘ “.‘W/

ers. Have had two local Vets. examine {5' YARD and GARDEN. ;..v’/'//

him; one of them located trouble in stifle, g Sold by Leading Dealers Everywhere r-A—b . //' ,A

other treated him for hock joint lame- '* _ . :

- ness. The treatment Web have applied PII ISBURGH STEEL CO. AS: %

fails to make im any etter and is

hock is free from blemish. B. P... Slmfw— “ PITTSBURS’H, PA. A A

burg. Mich—I am most inclined to believe ”Buzz: {Injurb'rghcrfiffid ”WWII: dBarbs ed Wg'eé . '_I A

'. na's . '.o ive e an _ in; r prong o . “

this a case of rheu 1 ti m and if s g Wire;'l'wistd Wire: “kph“. Wm: Bale ““W‘llw‘k"'¢..}fl§ilidmw~ (fl/WW)“; l/

x ‘ ~\-. . ll I

‘V .





 





 





 





 





of potash at a dose in feed three times a

day until kidneys act brisk, then give. the

medicine less frequently. When not giv-

ing the nitrate of potash. give 2 dr. doses

of sodium Salicylate twice or three times

a day. I suggest that you ascertain if

right hock is not warmer than left, and if

so the lameness may be caused by syno-

vitis. For an ailment of this kind. you

will obtain fairly good results by giving

the horse rest and apply one part iodine

and ten parts fresh lard to hock every

two or three days.



Chronic Stocking ——I have a seven-

Vear-old horse that has swollen leg and I

am told it is a case of farcy. Part of

time leg is about normal. but stocks con-

siderable when not exercised. C. B. (1..

Hurtland, Mich—An animal of this kind

should be fed sparingly of grain when

idle and not exercised. besides it is good

practice to give them some exercise every

day. Also give him 2 drs. potassium io-

dide at a dose in feed twice a day and

occasionally give a dessertSpoonful ‘of

powdered nitrate of potash to_ke_ep kid-

neys active. After exercise it is good

practice to bandage leg in cotton, leavmg

bandage on a few hours.



\\'eakness~—Indigestion.—-—During‘ early

part of summer I bought a large cow and

she has never been as active as my oth-

er: besides. she gets up with difficulty

and keeps thin. Her appetite is poor; she

is about nine years old. H. J. L.. lnkster.

Mich r—Givc your cow 1 oz. ground gen-

tian. 1 oz. ground ginger and 1 oz. of hi-

carbOnate soda at a dose in each feed:

besides. give her 1 Jr. ground nux vom-

ica at a dose in feed three times a day.

This medicine can be given all at the





same time.

Fungus I'nder Belly—“’art.—We have

colt that has a raw





a three—year-old .

bunch under belly and I have applied





carbollc lotion, dusted on burnt alum. also

applied salve without apparently doing

any good The bunch is now as large as

a iman’s fist and bleeds some. R. Vb.

Central Lake, Mich.——-I am inclined to be-

lieve that this fungus or warty growth

should be cut off and in order to stop the

bleeding, if there is much. burn the parts

with a red hot iron—or apply Monsells

solution of iron. or tie a silk thread

around blood vessel which Will stop the

hemorrhage. Kindly understand the colt

will not bleed to death if this is not done.

Apply equal parts powdered alum, oxuie

of zinc and boracic acid to wound twice

a day.



ChrOnic Bronchitis—I have a cow six

years old that has fallen away in flesh,

has poor appetite and a choking cough.

She seems to have difficulty in breath-

ing. She has been running on grass and

fed dry corn fodder. but she does not do

well. W. E. S , Nevado. Mo.—~She should

be tested with tuberculin for she may

have tuberculosis and if so might as well

be destroyed for she will prove unprofit-

able for dairy purposes and it will not

pay to feed her. Give her 1/2 oz, glyco-

heroin (Smith) at a dose three times a

day; also give her 1/2 oz. Fowler‘s solu-

tion at a dose three times a day.



Bloody Milk—Cow gives bloody milk

from both fore quarters of udder, but she

appears to be in perfect health. W. H.

A... Fennville, Mich—\Vhile stepping over

fence. doorsill. some hard substance, she

bruised both fore quarters of udder, Now

if you can remove the cause she will get

well Without treatment. In some. cases

it is brought on by over-feeding. Or a

blow from a. dairyman; however, most

cows injure their own udder. Apply one

part tincture arnica and six parts water

twice a day. Furnish her plenty of bed-

ding and milk her with care.



Mammitis.—Our local Vet. who has been

treating the udder of my cow tells me

that cow has injured bag. OneWQuarter

only affected. She first gave bloody milk.

then milk and flakes of matter: we have

been drawing off this fluid through a

milking tube. The teat seems to be sore

and bag quite caked. G. T. L.. Gage-

town. Mich.———You will obtain fairly good

results by applying one part iodine and

15 parts fresh lard to caked quarters once

a day. Also give her a dessertspoonful

of hypo-sulphite soda at a dose three

times a day. Most of these troubles are

due to exciting causes. Therefore a re-

moval of the cause is a great aid in effect-

ing a cure.



(Additional Veterinary on page 431).





 





 





Breeders’ Directorye—Continned.





Bigolow’s Holstein Farms





Breedsvlllo, Mich.

Have for sale several fine young

bulls out of cows with high official

butter and milk records.



Send for circular.





“Top-Notch” Holsteins.





Choice bull calves from 6 to 10 mo. old. of fashion-

able breeding and from dams with official milk

and butter records for sale at reasonable prices.





MOPHEISON FARMS 00-. Hounll. Mlohlnln.





Bull Ready For Service.





A grand son of Pietertje Hengervelds Count

DeKol. and out of Bertha Josephine Nudine.

This is an almost faultless individual. Guaranteed

right in every particular. and “dirt" cheap to 8.

Also 7 good cows. one fresh—the

others yet to freshen. The above would make a

fine herd for some one. 31950 will buy the bunch.





L. E. CONNELL. Fayette, Ohio.

BUTTER BRED JEPSfingELLS





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Silver Creek. Alteran County. Michigan.





FOR SALE

20 months old Joggey Bull





MEADOWLAND F M

Ann Arbor. Mich.





 





 





 





quick buyer.





 





 





 





Waterman & Waterman.

—Bulls calves bred for product-





JERSEY ion. Also cows and heifers.





Breakwater Farm. R. F. D. No. '7. Ann Arbor. Mich.





For Sale—Jersey but! calves. sire Count'c Torono

No. 91581. .10. Barred Rock cockerels and

Bronze turkeys. Peter H. Douma. R. 2. Holland. Mich.





Llllio Farmstead Jerseys

(Tuberculin tented. Guaranteec. free from Tuber~

culosil.) Several good bulls an: bull calves out. of

good dairy cows for sale. No .emalec for sale at

present. Satisfaction arnnteec.



COLON C. . Cooper-ville. Mich.





 





 





 





 





For Sale—Registered J arsey Cattle. tuberculin test-



ed: bulls and bull calves: heifer and heifer

calves: cows with Register of Merit and Cow Testing

Association records. IRVIN FOX. Allogan. Mich.





I _

Dairy Shorihorn Bull For Sale hillwimiiieioii‘a

Red. A sure breeder of extra good calves. Always been

kind. Knapp. Watcrvllet. Mich.. R. F. D. «l.





2 Yearling Shorlhorn Bull: For Sale—2.11.3333.

White Hall Sultan. W. C. OSIUS. Hillsdale. Mich.





Dlllil BllEll SllOlllllOllll





J. B. HUMMEL.





 





 





 





—Batoc bred bull 'i-rno.

old for sale. Price 3100.

Mason. Michigan.





—B 11 f

9_ Shorthorns all. s £338.? limit?

Write for pedigrees. W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Mich.





2Handsome yearling boars. 3Splendid fall gllts.4

Spring pigs. ' '

($019171 ever on the





Ties; Pence Staple: Poultry Netting Staples: Regular Wire

m Nails; _ \ \





. Galvanized Wire Nails: Large Head Roofing

"Pittsburgh Perfect" Fencing.





ling;i llamoliuillei Sheep, Pure Brad Poland Chin

B S and PERCHEBON HORSES. 2% miles

E. Morrice. on G. T. R. R. and M. U. R. J. Q. A. COOK.





SIIROPSHIRI‘. RAMS. Registered. Sircd by Imp Minton ram





Quality for grade or registered flocks. Also some young





ewes. Prices right WILLIS S. MEADE. aneer. Michigan.





REGISTERED SllllllPSlllllE‘E.a“:2:£.‘3.2iii? $5.22:

Breedingof the beat. Harry Potter. Davison. Mich.





MAPLESHADE FARM SHROPSHIRES





Bog. yearling and ram lambs. 25 ewes and 15 ewe

lambs. WM. P. PULLING & SON. Parma. Michigan.





Registered Shropshire Hams.





81;") each: 3 yearlings: 4 2-year-olds; will also trade. for

good one. (not used.) 0. E. WINTERS. Augusta. Mich.

A few choice rams priced





SHROPSHIRE right. for immediate shipment.





C. J. THOMPSON. Rockford. Michigan.





SHRUPSHIBE YE‘m-lfla Good ones. priced to sell.





W. E. MORRISH. Flushing. Michigan.





SHRDPSHIHE RAMS Illll EWES FOR SALE.



DAN BOOHER. R. l. Marlon. Michigan.

[1008.



llurocs & ViclorlaFhfiéfi’fiiézdfiiz‘l‘m‘ii filial?



M. T. Story, R. R. 48 Lowell. Mich. City Phone 55.



Berkshire Boar—32.5”Eingbigéfi‘iléngislfliiié‘?



A. A. PATTULLO. R. No. 1. Deckervllle. Mich.





BURGESS'S SERKSHIBES, MlSlEflPlECE Slllllll

THE L





ONG SQUARE KIND





 





 





and two- year-old Rama.





 





 





 





 





 





Papers and pedigrees furnished. No

farm. Prices Reasonable.

O. HULBERT. Mgr. R. 4. Big Rapids. Mich.





 





INGLESIDE FARM‘si’iffidps’fi‘iiiicii‘i





cogs bred to choice rams for $15.00 per





head.





ERBERT E. POWELL. Ionla. Michigan.





 





' —Spring and summer pigs, write us

shad“. Whlles your wants. Price and quality right.

Meadow View Stock Farm. R.F.D. No.5.Rolland.Mich.





o l 0 -BIG G'ROWTHY TYPE. Last. spring

a - a stock. either sex. pairs not. akin. Very good

stock. Scott No. 1 head of herd. Farm )4 mile west

of depot. OTTO B. SCHULZE. Nashville. Mich.





0 I C —MAROB. and APRIL PIGS. the long

. o I growthy kind. with plenty of bone.

No cholera ever on or near farm. Satisfaction

guaranteed. A. NEWMAN. R. 1. Mariette. Mich.





 





 





ll.l.8's.——laliing Orders for Sepl. Pigs. ”P333.“





FRED NICKEL R. No. 1. Monroe. Michigan.





 





0 I C! ~Boars ready for service. Aug. pigs, all

0 0 of right type. 'I pay express charges.

GEO. P. ANDREWS. Dansvllle. Ingham 00.. Mich.





~Bred gilts all sold.

0- II c- SWINE have a. No. of Spring

pigs on hand. Will. book orders for Sept. pigs.

got. my [price on pairs and trios not akin.

. J. GORDON R. No. 2. Don. Mich.





RITE US Your Wants For Reg. Chester White Swine. Holc-

tein Bulls. Shropshire Sheep Lamb Rains. Sept. pigs now





 





 





3 Choice Shortliorn Bulls For Sale.





7 tonos. old. Batesbrod. Registered. (‘all or write to

J.E. TANSWELL. Maple Ridge Farm. Macon. Mich.





Fun s‘lE—B Shorthorn Balls. 7 to 12 mos. sired by

wgrandson of Whitehall'Sultan. also choice

. B. McQulllan. Howell or Chilson, Mich.





 





females.





 





 





SHEEP.





I I _ ' v

Bolton: and Norma: S“:£§’.‘:Z°'連.“.'i:¥‘ial‘§“ii

greatly reduced prices. S. H. Sanders. Ashtabnlo O.





 





 





' —Yearlinu and ram lambs fro Oh i

lucid.” flock of Thumb of Mich. Aimmseieo'iniagfk'i

Elmhurst Stock Farm. Almont. Mich.





0XFORB RAMS AND EWES non SALE at





. farmers prices.

Address B. F. Miller or Geo. L. Spillane. Flint. Mich.





Throa-lear—llld OXFORD and SllllllPSlllllE llams





For sale cheap. Parkhurst Bron. Reed Oitv. Mich.





For Sale EXP BS. 30 llog. llams. Prices lilghl.





llll

DoGARMO. Muir. Michigan.





shire swine.





 





 





 





ready for shipment. RAY B. PARHAM. Bronson, Michigan.

and Fa] Pigs and





0. I. C. SPRING Bil/IRS Red Polled Cattle.





JOHN BERNEB. & SON. Grand Ledge. M101).





0. I. ll. SPlllllli BOIHS and FILL ”6833:5353:





MAPLE LEAF FARM. R-I. Deford. Michigan.





 





 





\THIS





30" WEIGHED 932 LBS.

A 23 MONTHS 0 D





“ IONIA GIRL





I have started more breeders on the road to cuc-

cenathnnnn manliving. Ihavc thalargest and tin-

est hard in t e U. 8. Every one an early developer.

ready for thomnrkat at six months old. I want to



lace one hog In each community to admtine my

9rd. Write for my plan,“Howto Make Money from

noun. 0. I. "NAIII.I.I0.I 0 Portland. Itch.





 





 





IT‘PAVS 70 IUV PUII "ED SHEEP 0F PARSONS,

the cheap man of the out." Shropshlros. Rambouillet.

Polled Delalnea and Parsons Oxfords. R. 1 Grand Lederilich.





For Sale. of the lar e growthy

numc 1.30, 30".: type. also 2 Reg. orcheron





Stallions Lynch}. M. A BRAY. Okemos. Mich.





 





lighter-ed Merino Rams For Sale.

0





AR FROST & SON. Armada. Michigan.





 





DUROO JERSEYS—Spring boars of the big type. a

few from cherryKina.tho 1912 International champ

ion. at. prices that will sell them.'-_W.(‘. lelor. lull-JIM!





 





uroc Jerseys For Sale—~Three fall boars. alsoppri

pigs. either sex; of finest. breeding and indiVidua

quality. John McNiccll. Station A. R 4.Bay City Mich.





 





I have a few choice young breeders

Improved cIICSlorS of April farrow. either sex





Twenty years a. breeder. W. O. Wilson. Okomos.Mich.





nunocs—Sti High Class inimuned boars ready" for

service. Special prices for 30 days. VI rite

or come and sec. J. C. BARNEY. Goldwater. Mich.





Ii‘. TYPE‘DUROCS—March and April Boats. ready





er serVice. Pairs not. akin. Also Shropshire

Rams for sale. F. J. DRODT. R. No. 1. Monroe. Mich.





Duroc Jerseys-20 Spring Boar: Ready to Ship.





CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings. Michigan.





DUBUCS. Good Enough to Ship Without the Money.





KOPE 'KON FARM. Kinder-hook. Michigan.

—Spring boar a from prize-win-

”BMW-Jerseys nlng strains. Sows all ages

Brookwater Farm. R. F. .No. 7. Ann Arbor. Mich.

ESSEX PIG —We are olIering just now

some very choice young





Essex Pigs. No better time to not something good at

reasonable prices. E. P. OLIVER. Flint. Mich.





POIAND CHINAS‘ESS ic'ii’i‘ffhx‘fn‘ln‘ifii





Prices right. W. J. HAGELSHAW. Augusta. Mich.





Poland Bhinas and Single Bomb While leghorns.





. DI. WING & SON. Sheridan. Michigan.





POLAND GHINAS





The Large Prolific Kind

3:932:90? SPRING BOARS

At Farmers' Prices.





ALLEN BROS





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Paw Paw. - - Michigan.

ARGE STYLED POLAND OHINAS—-Sprin and

limbs





summer pigs. Also Oxford bucks and buck

at. close prices. ROBERT NEVE. Pierson. Mich.





n. o. moon tlll) tPllll Hos-Ella. comma

to please. R. W. MILLS. Saline. Michigan.

——-P l .

FOR SALE .3.‘X§ni’lfl.“.%£°i>ii..§ifl{§€

G. W. BOLTON. R. No. 11. Kalamazoo. Mich.

ronnnn CHINAS‘Sfiiiffl§§.°‘p“.‘l‘;i:;“.l’;fiiz

L. “. BARNES & SON, Byron, Shlnwasse 00.. Mich.

BIG TYPE P. C-‘fiiimrift‘irgmi’fi‘n’fii‘vi‘éii’fi‘ii

A. A. WOOD & SON. Saline. Michigan.

goblin) camps—Pliny an :l‘ as. has:





. D. LONG. R. No. 8. Gran Rapids. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





ARGE STRAIN PROLIFIC POLAND CHINA

.HOGS—Two choice full readings. the best lot. of

spring pistol ever raised. 5 sows farrowod 49 pigs.

11. O. SWARTZ. R. 37. Schoolcraft. Michigan.





Butler’s Blg Bone Prolific Poland Chinas





Big boars ready for service. weigh up to 250 lbs. not



fat. from big prolific sows that: not only furrow big



litters but raise them. Write for what you want.

J. C. BUTLER. Portland. Michigan.





llllGE TYPE P. 8. FALL PIGS 8.93.... bun... 0.





3 ring pigsl' ever raised. Eight sows fan-owed 86.

ome or write Expenses paid if not. satisfied. Free

livery from Pa ma. W. E. Livingston. Par-ma. Mich.





' ——Piga fur-rowed l A t. f

tar” YorkSllllas prize winning :i‘took‘tsngor 9:3:

JONES & LUTZ. Oak Grove. Michigan.





IMPROVED IARGE YORKSIIIRES





Bowl and gilta bred for September and October





 





 





all sold. Have the





 





fan-ow. Service boars. we all ages. Breeding

and prices upon application.

W. C. COOK. R. 42, Adl. Mlchlkan.





 





:5 BIG TYPE MULE FOOT FOGS—All ages for

sale. Prolific and hardy. Beet breed for Mlchlgnn.

Also Ponies. J. DUNLAP.Box M.Williamcport.. Ohio





 





ORK‘SHIRE SWINE—Young boars ready for «nice, Also

. spring farrcwed gilt- and Ann. fan-owed purl for late.

Puirl not akin, GEO. S McMULLEN. Grand Lodge. Mich





YGRKSIIIRE SWINE‘Q.§%?.1°§3§§§.”?§FJRE§





sale. OSTRANDER BROS. Mot-lei. Mich.





lllllo Farmstead Yorkshires





Spring gilts. splendid ones. Fall pics. either sex.

Hilts bred for Snrlmz furrow.

EOLON C. LILLIB Cooperlville. Michigan.
434—22





 





fillllllllllillllllllllll|lllIlll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllliIllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllillllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllillllllIllIllIlllll|IllllllllIllll'ill|||Ill|||ll|lllllllll|Illlllll|lllllllIlllllll|llllllilllllllllllllllllllllll’i‘ifi





ATTENTION DEMANDED BY THE MA-

TURING PULLETS.



“'e now find the early pullets laying or

showing indications of about commencing

egg production. Their Singing, the red-

dening of their combs and‘the frequent

visiting of nests are all sure signs of early

laying. But these indications alone are

not sufficient to insure a full egg baSket

the coming winter. The maturing pullets

must be carefully handled lest they be

given a setback. You can make or mar

a good winter layer at this time. Good

food and good care will produce excellent





results, while, on the other hand, negli-

gence will do harm.

Not later than November the young





stock should be put into winter quarters.

The pullets should be in their winter home

several weeks before they commencec lay-

ing» If they are interrupted after they

commence to lay by being changed about

from one pen to another, the unfavorable

surroundings and the excitement inci-

dental to being moved will check the yield

of eggs for some time. Fowls get accus-

tomed to their home and do not care to

be changed about. Therefore, to secure

ter home early and keep them there.

best results get the layers into their win-

One must exercise care in feeding the

maturing pullets. \Yhen taking them

from the range some are likely to put

them on heavy winter rations at once in

order to induce egg production. Now, I

am not in favor of making such an abrullt





change. “other make the change grad-

ually and thus prevent the fowls from

getting out of condition. (in the other





must be guarded carefully. On the other

llillltl, Flilllc poultryment, especially begin-

ners often fail to get a good egg yield in





early winter because they are not liberal

enough in feeding the maturing pullets;

they fail to realize that the pullets at





this time. require, a large amount of food.

They are, and should be, hearty eaters It

is when their appetite fails and they do not

pear to care whether they eat that iron-

ble may be looked for. Give them all the

food they want but make t‘hem work for

it and they will be in the best of condi-

tion. At night, especially, should they

have all they want. A little food left over

at this time will not do any harm, In the

morning, however, they are kept slightly

hungry. just enough so to encourage them

to work. \\'ei'c they given a full meal in

the morning they would most likely spend

the day in idleness.



Some may urge that liberal feeding will





get fowls into an overfat condition. I

have yet to find this true with growing

pullets. In my opinion, no matter ‘how





much food they consume they will not put

on excessive flesh. All the food they con-

sume will tend to develop muscle and

frame. It is only when pullets have main-

tained their growth, and egg production

has not yet commenced, that we may ex-

pect surplus food to produce fat.



Sonic breeders consider pullets the only





profitable winter egg producers. Yearling

hens. if rightly handled, will also prove

prriiitable layers during and after the





Yearling liens, if not

the previous





month of January

puShed for egg production

fall, usually molt early and are in fine

Condition for egg production in January.

The eggs they produce will be worth many

times the cost of the food the hens con-

sume. Hens, however, if confined during

the winter will be, more likely to get over-

fat than will pallets. and must therefore

be forced to work for all the food they

get.

Indiana.





HEXAGONAL POULTRY HOUSE.

Advantages In a House of Such Unusual

Construction.



It sometimes happens that the most

desirable location for a poultry house is

one where a building of the usual type

would detract from the surrounding build-

ings and mar the appearance of the place

—-a reason why the one described here-



with was erected.



In the first place it is a compact build-

ing: it has six sides and area equiva-

lent to one ten feet wide and twen-

ty-seven feet long. By consulting the

floor plan it will be seen that there is a

feeding alley, yet it takes up but a small

portion of floor space and that none of

the compartment doors are far from the

entrance, :1 great convenience in feeding,





O. E. HACHMAN.





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





glilllllllllllllllllllllllIllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllll!lEllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllliilll|llllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllIlll||lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillE





Poultry and Bees.





lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





cleaning, etc. The plan shows four com-

partments, but by putting in a single

door, straight across in place of the two

farthest from the entrance, one-half of

the whole space can be used as a single

pen, while there will be two pens remain-

ing for breeding purposes.



The posts for the inside doors run from

the floor to tie beams above and they are

used to support the partitions, which are

made of two strips of one-inch mesh poul-

try ne'tting two and one-half feet wide

with a six-inch board at the bottom.

making the total height five and one-half

feet. Two strips of netting are used be-

cause it is easier stretched than the wide

netting.



The doors are house Screen doors, and

they may be culls of the cheapest kind;

if oiled with linseed oil occasionally they

will last for years and they make a light,

serviceable door. A spiral door spring is

used to keep them closed and no other

fastening is necessary.



There are five windows which slide in

grooves at both top and bottom, the op-

enings in the building being made in the

center of each of the five sides, the sixth

being used for the entrance door. These

five windows make a house with no dark

corners and the sunlight can penetrate

to the fartheSt corner, yet at no time will

there be a flood of sunshine to overheat

in the middle of the day.



The window sash are made

from the ordinary sash (see cut). The

outside frame is extended so that there

are really two sashes in one. (me-half of

the sash is provided with cross bars for

12 19x12-inch panes: the other half is

without cross bars, in which can be tack-

ed cheesecloth. The opening in the build-

ing is equal to one—half the. width of the

entire sash, so that it may be closed

wholly with the glass or wholly with the





different





with a. bevel square properly set to begin

with all pieces are cut to that bevel and

it is not so difficult as the appearance of

the building would indicate.



Huron Co., 0. F. M. Lu'r'rs.





EXPERIENCE IN OUTDOOR WINTER.

ING OF BEES.



The bee-keeper who tries to winter bees

on summer stands in any form of a hive

other than a chaff or double—walled hive,

will, in my opinion. lose more in the value

of bees than the extra expense he would

be at in making chaff hives of some kind.

I think that some form of hive that can

be used to advantage in summer should

be used. This thing of having outside

winter cases to set over hives is decidedly

a disadvantage in many ways. When win—

ter is over they cannot be used about the

apiai'y to any advantage whatever, but

the bee—keeper must have a house or oth-

er shelter for them or they will become

warped and weather beaten, and will last

but a few yeara‘. The use of a summer

and winter chaff hive certainly overcomes

many of these objections.



After years of experience with chaff

hives, used in connection with sawdust

cushions over the top of the brood cham-





ber, I have become convinced that there‘





is nothing better for wintering bees on

the summer stands. 1 winter my bees on

summer stands with very little loss. They





have plenty of good stores, plenty of

young bees, and, properly packed, I be-

lieve in late brood rearing so that the





hives will be full of young bees at the be-

ginning of winter. At least this is my

plan, and my bees winter nicely.



“'ith too small an entrance in a damp

climate, you will be sure of moldy combs

and more than the ordinary number of

dead bees. The trouble becomes aggra-

vated in the coni‘se. of the winter by the

clogging of the entrance with dead bees.

Let the full entrance be given as in sum-

mer, and clean the dead bees from it ev-

ery few weeks.



During heavy storms in winter it fre-

quently happens that hives are entirely

buried in snow. \Vhile the snow is light





cloth, or it may be closed with a portionand porous, air will penetrate it and reach

of both, or left entirely open, at the wiilthe entrances of the hives, but should the





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





I

l

l

l

I





DOOR





x/





 





 





ALLE





 





.1000 _ R

Noxfhfll/Wa





WINDOW





 





 





PERCHES j

J





 





 





wmoow.

FLOOR PLAN.





Diagram Showing Floor Plan and Window Construction of Hexagonal Poultry‘ House.





of the poultryman; thus it will be seen

that the question of window ventilation

can be controlled and .varied to suit the

weather conditions by manipulating the

sliding sash.



The roof slopes from all the six sides

up 5nd toward the center where there is

~‘an Opening about 12 inches across; this

opening is provided with a movable cover

which can be opened in slimmer. allowing

the vitiatcd air to pass out freely; in fact,

it acts as a chimney to the openings be-

low, although there is no draft upon the

fowls.



The perches are used without dropping

boards and are about two feet from the

floor; one end resting on the glrt that

supports the window sash. the other in

the wire netting of the partitions, they

are removable and there is little chance

for vermin to conceal themselves.



I find that this type of building suits

my purpose better than the long type; it

is easy to keep clean and free from ver-

min; it is convenient to work in; it is

easy to build yard fences, as they run out

in all directions from a common center;

all parts of the interior can be seen from

the entrance without going inside to dis-

turb the fowls.



The cos: of such a building is little, if

any, greater than other kinds, the differ—

ence being mostly in labor. Everything





is cut on the bevel except the siding, but





snow become crusty, or ice form at the

entrance, the bees would be in danger of

Fuffocating. It is well to have all hives

facing southward, so the sun can Shine

on the entrances of hives, thus assisting

in keeping them free from ice. After a

heaVy fall of snow 1 always sweep in front

of the hives, leaving the snow banked

around the other three sides, as it will do

no harm there but will help to keep off

the prevailing winds.





Bees will take an Occasional flight dur-

ing warm days in winter, and sometimes

many are seen. lying dead on the snow,

but such are generally the old ones that

are easily chilled and fail to get back to

their hiveS. Such losses are not serious.

Even when snow is on the ground, and it

seems a pity for so many bees to fly and

drop on this white sheet, I find that it is

the colonies which take the most lively

flight that winter best, and I have paid

particular attention to this fact.



New Jersey. F. G. H.



Duck raising is one of the most profit-

able branches of the poultry business.





 





 





Fermented honey, unless it is actually

soured, can usually be returned to a very

good quality by simply heating it to evap-

orate the gases that,have formed in it. I

have often done this, and used the honey

afterwards. ‘





 





 





NOV. 8.





l





 





“BETTER put on this



Stephenson Under-

wear for traveling—I’ve

washed it and it’s just like

new—No! Never a darn

needed. Feel how soft

and comf’y it is. I’m go-

ing to buy it every time

for you because it’s sub-

stantial, buttons well sewn

on, and the stitching is

just perfect. I know it by

the label”: .



TEE. ...§.§.Qll





UN 91:12er i





“stun, sumo“ ‘





No. 905—‘Union Suit. Royal Rib: gray tint:

worsted mix. a combination of Territory Worsted

Yarn and Strict, Good Middling Cotton Yarn; the

collarette is hand made to prevent stretching and

sagging so common in heavy-Weight Union Suit

neckbunds; button holes reinforced; all seams re-

inforced to prevent ripping; cuffs attached by a

six-thread flat scam; the shoulders are sloped in

the. cutting and made elastic by reversing the

webbing at that particular point; wide flap crotch

which covers completely, making it. satisfactory

and very convenient; heaviest and warmest gar-





t. :11 k t 1 th ic‘e.

"“i‘t‘.3'1.fffi‘f’..e...‘.’f...‘f.‘3'......... $3.00

Other numbers as low as SLOO per garment.

Write for Interesting Booklet on Underwear





Stepheruon Underwear Mills, South Benchlnd.

Product Sold to Merchants Only





RE Write today for our free Trap.

pers’ Book—bells you all pbout how



abotgt how to get the most money out 0



Best book for trappers ever published. No 0





increase your catch, and inside facts

. l"

io-dabe tra gets can afford to be Without it.





 





   

 

   





   





urn.



Our con ential information is very valu-



'. able and will be sent to you. monthly



» during the season—it means big money



to trappers. All of the above tree for

the asking. Address





I. ABRAHAM





\fl





   





 





 





 





,1 213 ".miIISlq Dept. 160 Submit. Mo.

and all other furs will be high

this season. I trapgod from

11590 to l899, the year started



in business and I know the





K” N KS hardships a trapper has to go





thru to be successful. Why not. SHIP YOUR FURS

this season to a man who understands the business

from the trap line to the finished garment. I am

that. man and I want you to have my free price lists

which contain rehab 0 information and quotations

that any man can understand at a glance.



JAS. P. ELLIS, 35-37 Mill $1., Mlddletown, N. Y.



Formerly 1 37-139 W. 29th St.. New York.





—We will sell Rabbits for you

to good advanta 8: also poultry.

veal and genera farm produce.

Twenty~five years in Detroit. in





the one store assures honest. dealings.





CHAS. W. RUDD & SON, Detroit, Michigan.

POULTRY.





 





 





 





 





 





Barred Bock Cockcrcls and Hans, Bargain Prices



W. O. OOFFMAN. R. No. 6. Benton Harbor. Mich.

B d R . R. . . '



PRIZE WINNING assay. lgsvkspricels. R236 Ingigii





Runner and Pekin ducks. 36 per trio. Oirc lur f .

EM WOOD FARM. R. R. No. 13. Grand Bapilds. Misha.





OLUMBIA Wyaudotteo. Winners at Chi ,6

Ba ids. South Bend and 8t J one h. Sm§fi°ndt§3§£

RICH RD SAWYER. Benton Ifarbor, Michigan,





PIN'E CREST WHITE ORPINGTONS won at State

Fair lot. and 3rd cockerel. list and 3rd hen and

let. pullet out of seven entries. Stock for sale.

Mrs. Willis Bough. Pine Crest. Farm. Royal Onk.Mich.





ILVER LAOED. golden and whiteW d M .

S for hatching at. reasonable prices; milling cigciliLl‘g:

Browning s Wyandotte Farm. R. 30. Portland. Mich.





LILLIE FARHSTEAD POULTRY

B. P. Roch. R. 1. Beds. (1 B. . W. Log]:

for sale. lb for 31:” 10‘: Sl.50:050 for .53" on.

OOLON 0. LILLIE. Coopenvllle. Mich.

HITE WYANDOTTE COOK R

U» layers and thorou hbred stfikngii-gm Wax-Sig:

wants. A. FRANKLI SMITH, Ann Arbor. Mich. ‘





WHITE LEGHORN cocxrrrLs-‘iitizf





Maple City Poultry Plant. Box 0.. Charlotte. Mich.





 





 





 





DOGS AND FERRETS.





FOX AND WOLF HOUNDS





of the but. English strains in Ameri-



Sagan“? ex glance in breedin.

no can a or m



I now 083: them for sale., on sport.





Send stun) for Cats] .

1. I. uuumu. limo. inn-3‘33: no.





Hilllllls Fill! HUNTING F°§a§°§fsi§i§$““ FERRET:

Send 2o stamp. W. E. LECKY. Holmesville, Ohio.

FERRETs—a SPECIALTY. Best Rat and

tor prices. 0. M. sfiiiig “E°’ii..l.':l.‘3.“oili%‘f
THE M'ICHI‘GANFAR'MER 23—435





NOV... 8,. 191s-





 





 





 





L [m|mullimilmiliillIllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||||Illllllllll|Illlll"llllll”lllllllllllllllllllllllllfl Ellllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IIlllIlllllllUlllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllg

vii—“Farmers Clubs”g Grange. g ,

g g g g AMERICAN STEEL & WIRE C0. 5

Emma]IllnuillllilllIll]lllllllllllllllll|IllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllfi Ell"|llllllI[Illll|IllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllIIllllllllllllllllIllllllIllIlllIlllllIlllHIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllg





Our Motto—~“The- farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should be





Address all communications relative to

' first improved."





the or nization of new Clubs to Mrs.

P. Johiason, Metamora, Mich,





0





Thoroughly





 





 





 





A PAIR OF GOOD MEETINGS. a





 





Associational Motto: ‘ . .

The skillful hand, with cultured mind, Western Pomona Considers Variety of



‘ ’ l abl as et. TOPICS-



is the farmer s most va u e 5 Ottawa, otherwise known as Western,





 





CLU B FAIRS.





Pomona met with Conklin Grange last

month and reports a good attendance re-

gardless of unfavorable weather and

roads. After a dinner which belied re-

ports of unsatisfactory crop conditions in

that section, Master N. B. Spencer called

the afternoon session. The roll—call re-

sponse was in answer to the question,

What is the greatest need of the times?”

and brought many good Suggestions. One

brother thought that the abolition of the

liquor traffic is the greatest need. Others

thought we are much in need of good

roads, of honest, upright and unselfish

men for officials and of granting to wom-

en the right of suffrage. “How to supply . . . _ .

our COWS with feed when pasture is HE Amerlcan Steel & Wire Company is the first to





i331: wifiihoii‘fil‘iiffué’é’ ofrfieféiil’i‘ develop a THOROUGHLY GALVANIZED WIRE.



£3,801, 5,23,“: geosotd r3553: disfiggsfiéflfi It has a. thicker coat, a quality more refined, and a



XéaieigigbgrfiiifflgbihStESSE‘ingrEfies‘iitfitR? deeply adheswe contact of the Zinc and the steel that solidly

unites the two metals, highly flexible Without injury, and

having a finish and weather resistance unequalled—a

t/zoroug/zly galvanized wire.





A New and Decided Advance in the

Manufacture of Wire for

Woven Wire Fences





 





" The Washington Center Farmers’ Club

' held their thirteenth annual fair October

9, at the home of Mr. and Mrs. C. N.

Curren. The weather looked somewhat

threatening in the morning but by noon

there were abOut 175 people gathered to-

gether for a pleasant day of visiting and

sight-seeing. Two large banners stretch-

ed across the buildings announced that

all were welcome to the. Farmers’ Club

Fair. Flags, bunting, crepe paper and

autumn leaves converted the inside of the

building into a bower of beauty. A tent

was erected for the poultry and some very

fine birds were on display, also a pal?

of white rabbits. Every department was

well filled. There were over 200 entries.

The diSplay of apples, potatoes and corn

were eSpecially good. A Hubbard squash

weighed 22 pounds. Mr. Mette brought

a cabbage weighing 131,5 pounds, also a.

very large pie pumpkin. Mr. Crowell

showed a pumpkin which weighed 35

, pounds. The fancy work department was

' well filled, there being a large doll dress-

ed in an outfit made from a dress and

" skirt over 100 years old, being all sewed





 





A Galvanizing of Great Durability, Originally Developed and to'

be Found only in the American Steel & Wire Co.’s Fences





 





good roads brought out a lively discus-

sion. Vi'hile Pomona Grange does not

claim to have settled the matter, still the

main sentiment seemed to be that the

county road system is all right if we

could get good, unselfish, competent men

for commissioners and overseers.



Bro. Spencer, in a very able laik_ de-





steel wire, we searched out the reason

for this spasmodic super-excellence, and

round it to be the chance combination of it





There are wonderful records of super-

extraordinary efficiency, such an an auto

tire lasting 30,000 miles: a pair of shoes,





 





by hand, also the embroidery done by s. ho embershi in th Gran e



hand. it showed very artistic needle nigEebienefiiv anperson in {his life ework. 156 suit of clothes or a wagon showing as- high state ofperfrctz'szn the finest detail,



work. Mrs. Ackley, of near St. Johns, spoke of the sociul and educational .ad— tonishing durability; two ships built ex- ofman,metlmds, machinery and malrrials.



had it on display. The canned fruit, jel- vantages of the order and how the latent actly alike. one being vastly better: or a We then mastered these fickle elements



lies and grains of all kinds all deserVe abilities of members are developed by certain piece of woven wire fencing ap- of chance by the employment of a tre-

mendous manufacturing organization





parently indestructible under long years

of severe trial.

Years ago. in making and galvanizing





meeting together and exchanging ideas

upon the current topics of the day.



At the evening session Bro. Courtright

described the workings of the employers‘

liability law and 110w it affects farmers.

“'hile farmers were Supposed to be ex-

empt from the effect of this law, yet if

the hired man is injured while running a

binder or mower. or ‘





special mention.



About 11:30 President Long called the

meeting to order and after opening exer—

cises appointed the different committees

for acting as judges in different depart-

ments. After dinner people gathered to-

gether, some in groups and some viewing

the exhibits until they were called to-

gether by the photographer, who took

several pictures of the crowd. waiters,





and brought them under control for





steady and continuous production.





We now announce the final completion of our facilities

for the extensive and permanent production of this thoroughly

galvanized wire. We shall use it in the manufacture of our

celebrated woven wire fences—-the AMERICAN FENCE,





in erecting or repair-

ing a building, the farmer can be held for





mothers and babies. The interest in the damages, from the fact that this law

fair seems to be increasing every year classes Such work as mechanical labor. the ELLVVOOD FENCE the ROYAL FENCE the

and this was one of the best the Club has Myrtle Brown and Anna Sivers gave ’ - ’





ANTHONY FENCE, and all our other fences.





They cost no more than other fences.

and considering the extra large and [wavy

wires used, and the exclusive use of new

thorough galvmu’zing, makes them espe-

cially attractive as the best and cheapest

fences.





many good suggestions in regard to the

improvement of rural schools. They urg-

ed all districts to endeavor to get their

schools into the ”Standard Class” as pre-

_—— , scribed by the Slate Sup‘rintendent of



Public InstructiOn. Bro.‘ L. C. Root, of



Allegan, gave an interesting address on

‘ "General Improvements.” He portrayed



Add New Members—The Salem Farm the great transformation for the better

ers’ Club held its October meeting at the that has come to the farming class dur-

new and commodious home of Mr. and ing recent years, and stated that in his

Mrs. Irving Johnson. After the bountiful opinion the Grange was the prime factor

dinner, which the Salem ladies know so in bringing about this change. The liter-

well how to prepare, an excellent program ary and musical numbers furnished by

was rendered. Mrs. Mae Atchinson ren- ConklinvGrunge added much to the pleas-

dered a recitation entitled, “The Golden ure of the program.





ever held.



The November meeting

the Cottonwoods with Mr.

C. Long, Nov. 13.





will be held at





and Mrs. W. These fences are adapted for all field,





farm and poultry uses, and possess

superior structural advantagesin quality

of steel and fabric. Dealers everywhere

throughout the country display these

fences and will quote lowest prices.





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





FRANK BAACKES, Vice Pres. and Gen’l Sales Manager

AMERICAN STEEL & WIRE COMPANY





NEW YORK . CLEVELAND PITTSBURGH DENVER





CHICAGO





with THE AMERICAN STEEL FENCE POST cheaper than wood and mo3'd300





Barn,” dealing with the new laws of sani—

tation ‘now in force. Also speaker did not

favor the silo, but kept to the older meth-

od of feeding good grain, hay, etc This

topic was discussed by the Club, most of

the speakers favoring the use of the silo,

An interesting reading was given by Mrs.

Kate Smith, entitled, “The Two Clocks.”





Eaton County Combines Business

Pleasure.



In the commodious home 01’ Delta Mills

Grange was held, during October, a meet-

ing of Eaton Pomona Grange which. in

many respects,was the most successful in

the history of the county Grange. Every





durable. Send for booklet of uses.





 





 





   





Business Farmers





 

 





 

 

 

   

   

   

 

 

 

 





section of the county was represented,





 

 

 

 

 

 





assaults





A humorous 'recitation was giVen by Mrs.





 





DeWeyFarley entitled, “.A Clean Shave.” some subordinates sending good-sized Know that n p," 3‘0 grind m.

A paper was read by Mr. Chas. Ross, on delegations. All seemed determined to , feed at home. There in a bi.

Grind, ear oern shelled Profit in chanzinc corn and





make the‘most of the social side without

in any way allowing the business of the

meeting to suffer. The first duty of a.

POmona Grange is to assist struggling





the “Farmer as a Business Man,” The

l writer mentioned many methods whereby



the farmer could put his work upon a

more business-like basis, such as buying





grain into higher priced teed.

--After grinding your own supply,

make money grinding for your

neighbors. For thorough work gel





oorn oats, rye, wheat, bar-

ley. nfllr oorn,oott.on



corn inshuoks, sheaf onto.

or any kind of gram~ coarse,

medium or fine. The only





 

 

 

 





housing farm tools; plenty of oil, and an





inclination to use it. This was a very





I

practical and helpful Paper. Club next Granges call on them It was also de " lino

. ‘ . _ ‘, on In... WritoToday forF e is k1 -

discussed how to get good catch of .clo— cided to invite Barry c0unty patrons to 1" W Writofogcntulogand “‘3 "l““l’lehim 0“ {eeglngg zrfizd‘iixvs.

* vel. Led by Mr‘ Johnson. Resolutions pay a fraternal visit to their Eaton coun- K") any information desired. The Star Manufacturing Co.

rec 311D¢pot StuNew Lexington.0hio





were read on the loss of a dear member

of the Club, Mrs. Geo. “'hiteman, by

chairman of committee, Mrs. Alice Lane.

The subject of a reading course was





 





President Clara Nichols. Devotional ser-

vices conducted by Mrs. May “'hite. Af-

ter partaking of a bountiful dinner meet-

ing again came to order “How I would





run the farm if I were a man” was the was endorsed bV the

. ' - , clad guannm—ls-dny money-

title of a talk given by Mrs. Ransom. anona' HOn, 13' 8' Pray was GEECted ‘1 backtrisl. Size-20.020H.P.- is absolute roof rgainst rats. mice.

' and' . tad-y imbue-Mos. birds and re. Made of perforated





who convinced all present that she would

have made an‘ ideal farmer. “How I





condition of the American farmer which

was enJOyed by all. J. E. Lowcock had

charge of question box consisting of nine





Granges was brought up and it was de-





cided to have members of neighboring





ty brethren during the coming winter,

and a committee composed of Hayes

Tieche, of Northwest Kalumo Grange,

A. D. Kenyon, of Oneida Center Grange,





lution from Charlotte Grange urging that

the State Grange return to its former

method of electing its officers and ex-

ecutive committee.





to represent the Pomona at State Grange.

It was also decided that the Pomona

would again issue a year book and a com-





The program. which was in charge of

the lecturer, Mrs. Bernice Curtis con-

tained many pleaSureable and entertain-

ing features, among which may be men-





 

 





 

 





for cash, where cash will buy the most; Subordinates in any way possible. VVhiie ~11 - 11 id d

setting your price upon your own crops, reports from all points were reasonably git): dldohbiewotrof Ii-‘i‘iid‘: S F d C . d

and so get some of the profits in this satisfactory the matter of taking some , emorburrs- Be 8 * tar ee ‘rln 81-5“

time of :scarcity instead of giving it to the steps whereby a little missionary work 1 SIX SIZES Madeln sizes and styles to suit

other man; cutting oats green for feed; might be done in behalf of the weaker Emu, operated” Never "0"! need findpurpoae- They

. t l. . choke. Fullyguar- do good work quickly. Built





, ..,, anteed. Especially along simple lines for hard use.

m”... g..- ..... Each mill is fully guaranteed.





M





 





DUPLEX Ill I van. N.

In 303 Springfield. Gill.





 

 

 





 





   

   





AMERICAN





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





~ gun-no sprockets-only three moving

. parts - portable - light Weight - great

power—starts easily at 40 degree: below

zero—complete. rcndy to run-chil-

dren operate them -f>-yesr iron-





whlot shows how Sandor. will b. mom

to you.





     

 





 





   





 





brought before the Club. No action tak- :- x. .

» _ and Willard Upright. of Charlotte Gran e, ,1] rmcc¢

ggperNevivaeggggi'tivnt/am'coaiiiiintlt‘fexes' MIT} Were appointed to take charge of the mgt- ““5“” M” Y“ s""”"’ 633/39 INGOI IRON Roan"

and Mrs Irving Johnson ‘Mr and. Mrs. t9." The b‘Tcounty meetings held la“ '"VESfigatetheSANDOW /.~. M

b . - . ' " Winter in which near] ' a thousand mem- 4x oney back are new roof if it de-

Ira Soper. Closed With muSic. ‘ , . . y , K - on: 'e'ieriorates or rusts out. 'No painting

, bers paitxcmated have not been for ot- erosene Siailonary ENGINE . - ‘ -

H th Lad W I F __ . . g . or repairs required.0urIndcmmtyBond ro-

°W e _ Ies 0” d arm. The ten and everyone is anx10us for a repeti- tects o C ts ‘ p

Northeast Venice Farmers’ Club held its tion of this pleasant eve t R l - 1”“n‘°“k°."°.’°“° ‘00.“ “W "”1““ in; ywuatefos bhogiorcthanorodomaryreef-

i October meeting at Sunnyside Farm with of thanks to those individn'l eSOiduthES '“iiihiiéiffiLfllli”wlli.‘3§?‘c‘iiiiififf I e Amgacgllrgfirittsgf? dkCF

Mr. and Mrs. Chas. Everets on Thurs- . . ~ I . u“ S outs e t e oq p i direction—ti) ottlo ov- 8mm m n 0'

i dav Oct 2-; Meeting 'called t 0rd b ”we" “ho “SS‘Sted ‘“ the recent "better S‘r'ifainnitgiimied .peed‘wnm‘uoa '6 EL “‘omo'

, , . x . 1 . ' ' - n " ‘-

0 e1 3 liables contest were adopted, and a reso- while ranging—noonuu—no "um—mo





GUARANTEED FOR 30 YEARS





 





 





udestructible.

Easy to erect.





Our lpooial udvertidng propo-

sition Ive. gel one—half coat of Int





would keep house if I were 8. woman.” . " ‘

was next, by C{"60. Lawcock. Dennis Kil‘ "hittee or three was aDDOIDted t0 have \‘ 6:11.!on “’03:?”le (230;) catflogo‘aizm'pflc“ and “idem”.-

~dea gave an impromptu oration on the C arge 0f the work. IMMMAW-vow’n!“ PM“! Manufacturing Company,





 





 





 





 





Middlebnry,





 





Swarmai





$8952





 

   





SAVE YOUR CORN





THE FREELAND CORN CRIB





galvanized sheet steel. is practically

Cures corn perfectly.

Write for. illustrated





Indiana.

The Largest and Best Line of





quegtioiriis which brought out some very t ed

goo scussions. Several good literarv I0“ an amusing play given b the I

and muSical numbers were enjoyed. Club members of Oneida Grange. yOther Eifii‘afgafiym 0‘?

adJOUTned to meet With Mr. and Mrs. Granges COntrlbuted musical and literary togi'vosamtscuon. i “7}

Gem Koon the second Thursday in No- numbers and the program closed with all a""“"" "M“ “I; W h b k' if 35

’ ’ e ave een ma mgi or over years.





Shipped on when



on trial. Fu guar-



nnteed. Bend or Bi

. c





 

 

 





address by Prof. -W. H. French. of M. A.

C.. the keynote of whose theme was that

the child from the farm should be taught

to respect the calling of its father. and

his ideas on the teaching of agriculture

in the public Schools were heartily en-

dorsed by those present. .





vember.——Cor. Sec.





Everything for Road Building. The oldest

Company in the business with the Latest.

Improved Machinery. Send for hand,





somslv illustrated catalog - FREE.

TIIE AUSTIN WESTERN N010 MACHINERY 00., ERIC!“

FOR SALE—At Olarkstou. Mich. 2 GASOLINE

ENGINES. Fairbanks Morse. 10 and

32 H.P,Ar&nood Working order. Cheap if taken at once.

:-





d ens. 398 Helen Ave.. Detroit.

HIGH. PORTLAND CEMENT PAVING 00. k





The Milford Farmers’ Club will enter-

tain the Oakland County Horticultural

Club'at 10:30 a. m., Saturday, Nov. 8, at

Milford when A. M. Bullock of Lapeer

will give an address on “Supplying Or-

chard Fertility.” and W. D. Flint, of Novi.

will speak on the “Efficiency of the mo-

tor truck for fruit growers.”





 





MEN OF IDEAS And inventive ability should



.. write for new "Lists of Needed

Inventions. Patent Buyers and “How to Get Your

Patent and your Money." Advice In“. RANDOLPH

& (30.. Patent Attorneys. Dept. 6’1, Washington, D. O.





. Kalamazoo Co., with Schooldraft Gran e

in Woodman hall, Wednesday, Nov. ng





 





 





+
“Some of our neighbors have lost all all right and I consider that it keeps the ‘60 days these ho ed

~. . _ , . , gs weighed over, 150 lbs., lo b

of then pigs, and some of ours Were not digestive organs in good condition and and they are the best hogs I ever owned. thggougfifieaégebgglii $6203?“ out





doing well either, but since feeding "Sal- does. better work generally than many I will never feed an remed 0th than V '

Vet’ to them, they are doing fine.” other remedies." ‘Sal-Vet’ hereafter.”y K4. széOBS, BEN A. BAtquff‘Itll‘i/Ivlllll'e' Mich

lSlgNBARbER BROS., CHAS. PETT, Muskegon, Mich. Box 56, Moorestown, Mich. " "“ i





, x.

' “ “There is no ' uess-so’ with ‘8 a‘l-:_.e_t‘.'

.. Rte. 2, Battle_Creek, Mich. . I have over 300 hogs_and suffered ev- “My pigs were full of worms, and did Results are So agparent that thesie i: no

N After. \all , other remedies had failed, ery year on account of worms. Some of not thrive at all. After feeding ‘Sal-Vet’ room for doubt. —' My cows increased one-

Sal \ ct destroyed the worms in one of the hogs did not weigh over 75 pounds SO a short time, I was convinced that it is a third in milk at the end of the first week’s

mil' horses. It surely does the busineSS I dec1ded to try ‘Sal-Vet.’ In less than wonderful worm destroyer. It was not use.” H. E. FARRAR, Spruce, Mich.





t O P Yo u I“ ;   _

Losses Fromwoflfls ., .  .  





l’ll Prove It or NO Pay—





— — —



F YOU will fill out the coupon below—tell me how many head of stock you have, I'll

ship you enough'Sal-Ve't to last all your stock 60 days. I’ll do this entirely at my risk

and Without asking a Single penny of pay in advance. All I want is the privilege of



provmg to you right in your own barnyard what I have proved to thousands of other

farmers. I want to show you how to rid your stock of worms—how to make all your

farm animals grow faster, thrive better, keep healthier, put on more flesh on no more

_ feed—make you more money. You can’t afford not to accept this remarkable offer.





. . , .. . 1“,...- v\\\‘\\\:. .,

‘ . \ ' W\§\ \\\\\\\\\





   





 





   





 





 





 

   

 

 

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





"





it





 





\. ‘.‘.\\‘l “3‘

\w“ ' OPE Great ill/E $100K

Conditioner





.‘\

The Great ' \‘\\\\\

WORM Destroyer

is the biggest boonito stock owners ever discovered. It is a wonderful medi-

cated salt which rids farm animals of their greatest enem1es,—the deadly

stomach and intestinal worms. It kills and expels these blood-sucking, life-sapping parasites and

makes farm animals sleek, thrifty, healthy, flesh-building money-makers and greatly lessens the

danger from hog cholera and many other diseases. Read these letters— ,

"The_benefit which my horses, cattle and sheep derived from the use of ‘Sal-Vet’ is such as to make it

almost indispensable.”—A. L. Martin, Director of Institutes, Dept. of Agriculture, Harrisburg, Pa.





“Your ‘SalvVet’ has done all that you claim and perhaps more. Hog cholera has been all around

me and I have not had one Sle hog. I cannot praise ‘Sal-Vet’ too highly, and I do not hesitate to recom-

mend it to all hog raisers."—A. O. Kellogg, Troy Grove, Ill.





L’Ll Feed Your Stock 9““ ”a”





Before You Pay





Just as I have for hundreds of thousands of other farmers who sent me the coupon. Send no

money. I don’t ask you to risk one penny. Tear off the coupon below, mark down the num-

ber of hogs, sheep, horses, cattle and mules you own, give your name and address and ship-

ping station and I’ll send you enough Sal-Vet to last all your stock 60 days. You simply pay

the moderate freight charge when it arrives and at the end of 60 days report results. Tell

me what Sal-Vet has done for you and if it don’t do what I claim—if it fails to rid your stock

of the dangerous stomach and intestinal worms I’ll cancel the charge—you won’t owe me

a penny. It is no trouble to feed Sal-Vet. Being a salt animals like it and run to it freely.





Thfll Doctor Themselves





It requires no dosing, no doping, no drenching, no starving, no trouble at all

Surely then you can’t afford to deprive your stock of this great blessing—

you can’t afford to turn down this liberal offer when many Agricultural



Colleges, prominent breeders and hundreds of thousands of farmers



will tell you it pays to feed Sal-Vet, especially since you can try it



at my risk and without a penny of pay in advance.





Sidney ll. Foil, Pres, THE S. ll. FEIL COMPANY.

um Mfg. Chemists. Dept. MP cleveland. 0.





 

 

 





 

 

   

   

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





 





R e a What SAL-VET

Users Say:



“Hog cholera broke out all around here,

but not one of my hogs became Sick. I can- .

not praise ‘Sal-Vet' sufficiently, and I do not heSitate to





recommend it to all swme raisers.”—J. E. Strobil,

Rt. No. 1, Box 15, Lohman, Mo.





“Have used ‘Sal-Vet’ on two_ of my horses and notice

a marked improvement in their condition. They have

passed a large number of worms and are now pgcking

up in flesh.“--Wallace W. Case, Rock Hill, N. .





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 

 

 





 

   





 

 

 





   

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





. \w ‘2

it»

>





as“

W

:\





   

 

 

 





a\





   

 





 

 

 





   

 





 

 





' ui'fili





 





Ll 1’





 





 

 

 





   

 

 





 





/ .\ \\\§





w

\‘. ,4—





,___ A.

--

.-



I ll-

II



II





"-

n

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I’





n'





 





“I am a large user of ‘Sal—Vet’ and we have a





 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





 

 

 





 

 

 

 





 





 





     





 





 





L large flock of Shropshire sheep, and our farm is, as

l 5 ' you might say,_sheeped to death: we are not bothered

‘l . ' in the least with worms. Out of 191 lambs that we

will" ' ' had drapped this year. we lost only one, and that death .

fl‘l ‘ ‘ was {not caused by worms.”-—Henry L. Wardwell.

“,II=,; . ' ' Springfield Center, .N. Y.. Ex‘President of American

Stilt!" J u S t t h e O u 0 n Sim... Am‘

5 - . ————

‘gfl‘giigi , V P “I honestly believe that the hundred pound keg of

fl fl ‘a‘b . 'Sal-Vet’ .whichI fed, paid me a profit of $75.00.“—R. J. A.

' 'fl ‘ s I

"":':"' ‘ - .- Swafford, Litton, Tenn.





 

 

 





 





   

 





“As soon as the ‘Sal-Vet’ was received, we began feed-





 





\





':\\\\\





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 

   

 





   





~ . i . a \\s\ mg it at once to our sheep. that had been dropping off



SIDNEY ll. FE“. Pres. V " , ‘ gr¢® \\\\\\“ with no warning whatever. Am glad to say that we



THE 3' n' FE'L 60' \\\\\\\\\_ . have lost only one Since that day, but no more. Horses,



nephur H-l-ia Cleveland. 0'. " ‘ ‘ \\\\\\\\\\\\\\ ‘ hogs and‘gaiitl? haveddlone sfplenctlidly SltlilICt'; haying ffreg

‘ ‘ v - ‘ access to a - e an am ree 0 say a never a



Sh”) me enough SB] Vet \\\\\‘\\' . better success with any preparation, than I have had





   





to‘ last my stoclcb‘O days. I _.

Will pay the freight chargesrt

when it arrives, agree to repo ‘ 4

results promptly in 60.da.ys and ‘ l/‘q”

at that time .pay for it if ‘it does



what you claim. If it does not, you





with yours.”——J. l3. Burrows, Decatur, 11]., Director 19th

Congressional District IllinOis Farmers’ Institute.





' 401bs.,$2.25; 1001135., $5.00; 2001bs.,

P R I c E s $9.00; 300 lbs., $13.00; 500 lbs, $21.12.

Special discount for large quantities. No orders filled





 

 





-\.\\

\\%\\~

A





\





   





 

 

 

 





   





 

 

 

 





 

 

 





are to cancel the char e.

g ‘ less than 40 lbs. on 60-day trial offer. Never sold in

. fl . bulk; only in Trade-Marked Sal-Vet packages. 60oda

\ trial shipments are based on 1 lb. of Sal-Vet for eac





 

 

 

 





hog or sheep and 4 lbs. for each horse _or head of cattle.

as near as we can come Without breaking regular pkgs.





Name........................................ ‘é‘;





0/ / [V

P. 0I0I0IOIUC.."...°......Oll.IOCOOOCIIICIV‘DUOOC... %V

43°





Trade-Mark





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

   

 

 

 

 





on uy , a 150 5.

‘ Dh ’t 12; “E In th _ {“Sal”



t at. et t e origina gene . ,



' ' ' ’ ‘ Mr. Fell ion Re latered Pharmacist. a graduate of the Clevelnn .

Sh‘flplng stances-00.000.000.000;onsta'euuoooooooaoooo ‘ gme sal'lgefi‘pi'e arfioniy School of Phan‘nnoy “d Of the National Institute of Plum. 3 >

. o y ”18.5- ' e‘ . 0" anu' He has been engaged in laboratory work for more than 25 years ,2 ;



. facturing Chemists. Cleve- and Wes formerly assistant to Dr. Nathan Rosewater. former ,« .1.

land, Ohio. Don’t be de- Chemist or the Ohio State Dairy and Food Commission. tor mmy ‘





years has been engaged in compounding veterinary remedies.





 





Number ojsheepI-oocoooouoooooooI90oHOgSoonooOIIoolonoloooo ceiVed by imitations.





cattle""""“"""” DooooooooooloncHO’S‘So IoooaooleooIoOIlOIIOIOIOOI\





vw

32‘!“ 9‘12.» . <v'_ .