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The Only Weekly Agricultural,





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wEEKLY.





 





Horticultural,





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and Live Stock Journal in the State.





 





 





VOL. CXLI. No. 24. i

Whole Number 3763.





 





DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, DEC. 13, 1913.





50 CENTS A YEAR.

$2 FOR 5 YEARS.





 





the weather was dark and threat-

ening. during the first four days of

the International,





NOTWITHSTANDING the fact that





there was a very large





pattendance of live stock men and farm-





ers from all parts of the country who

came to see this greatest of live stock

shows. And they were well 1e-warded for

their enterprise, as the show was every-

where conceded to be the beat in the his-

tory of the International, not only in the

number of entries, but as well in the av-

erag e quality of the exhibits.



“'hile there was no abatement of the

usual interest in the individual fat class-

es and the breeding classes, there was a

noticeably increased interest in the car-

lot classes on the part of the crowd.

This was perhaps in. part due to the ap-

parent fact that a larger proportion of the

patrons of the show were stockmen and

farmers than has ever before been the

case and would indicate that they are

carefully studying the feeding situation,

especially as related to cattle. Veteran

feeders were to be found everywhere

among the crowd, while conversation with

many interested students of the earlot

claSSes indicated that they were carefully

studying the exhibits at first hand with





a view of engaging in the cattle feeding





business for the first time. The writer

is gratified to report that among the lat-

ter class he interviewed several who have

invested in conSiderable blocks of north-

ern Michigan land, with a View of engag-

ing in the feeding business. Thus this

year's International will doubtless have

a more beneficial effect upon Michigan’s

live stock industry, as well as that of the

entire country, than has ever before been

noted, since there is no place where the

important factors of type and quality and

finish can be so effectively studied as in

the exhibit pens and sale rings of the

carlot classes at the International.



In the carlot classes the Angus breed

won even greater lzturels than at any

previous Show, notwithstanding the fact

that they have been such consistent

winners in past years. The grand cham-

pionship in this class was won by an ex-

ceptiOnally fine load of “baby beeveS”

exhibited by Escher & Ryan, of Irwin,

Iowa, who also won the premier honor in

this class in 1911 and who have to their





Again the Grand





The





credit the, remarkable record of having

won firsts or championships at eleven In-

ternational shows in claSSes which they

have entered. The grand champions were

an exceedingly‘mellow, well finished and

even load of yearlings which won the

honor over such excellent competitors as

to clearly indicate, as did most of the

awards in this year‘s show, that the

younger cattle are the favorites with the

judges, other factors in the competition

being equal. This conclusion was given

the scan-'1- emphasis from the fact that

of the champions by ages, which are alone

eligible for competition in the grand

1111:11111'111111ship class, the closest competi-

tors for the plcmier honor Were two-

yonr-olds of the same breed and exhib-

ited by the some firm, and they were

very worthy competitors indeed. Also,

the champions in the, three-ye: , lass

were Angus steers. exhibited by V. M.

Scott, of Paris, 111., and were typical of

the best in three—ycar—old form. Thus

no strife of breeds and little of breeders

or feeders could possibly have entered

into this competition. and the result holds

more than an ordinary lesson for the. cat-

tle feeders of the country. When “baby

beef" wins in competition of this: kind it

is certainly sufficient evidence that it can

hold its own in the sale pen with any

kind, and with the additional fact that

cheaper gains can be made on the young-

er animals the economic conclusion

should be easily reached by the cattle

feeder who is a student of the economic

phases of the feeding business which

constitute the greatest factor in the suc-

cessful development and prosecution of

this business on any farm.



In this connection the method of hand-

ling thcse great cattle from start to finish

will be of interest. They were calved in

March, April and May, 1912. They ran

with their dams on blue grass» pasture

during the summer and were weaned

early in November, at which time they

averaged 450 lbs. in Weight. And right

here is an important-factor in the mak-

ing of their enviable record, as in this





I





International.





 





weaning process they sustained no shock

or check in their growth and never

mourned the change or slhrunk a. pound.

This desirable end was accomplished by

constructing a “creep” in the pasture,

through which the calves had access

during the summer to a pen in which

they were supplied a. grain ration of shell—

ed corn and oats mix'ed, which grain they

early learned to like and eat with a rel-

ish. Libe1‘a1 feeding of this grain when

they were weaned kept them just as well

nourished and satisfied after separation

from their dams as when they were suck-

ing them. and they kept right on grow-

ing. During the winter they were grad-

ually accustomed to a heavier ration until

they were got on "full fecal" of home—

grown grains, the only supplementary feed

pulchased being molasses. This feed is

deemed of especial value by the veteran

feeders who won this coveted honor for

the reason that it causes the cattle to

drink more water than they otherwise

would and that this causes them to make

more rapid gains Another interesting

fact in connection with the feeding of

these cattle is that eat hay was used as

clover hay ordinarily would be as a fac-

tor in the roughage ration, the Clover

seeding having failed in that portion of

Iowa last year, and naturally oat hay has

the unqualified indorFement of these ex-

perienced feeders as a substitute for clo—

ver hay when the latter is not available.

They also place emphasis on the factor

of variety in the ration for best results

with feeding cattle. as well as inducing

them to drink plenty of water.



The grand champions ave1ag ed 1,130

lbs. in weight, and were purchased in the

sale ring at $13. 271 per cwt. by the repre-

sentative of a loeal hotel. They brought

at this figure $149.72 each, or a total of

$2,245.87, after having won a total of $855

in prizes. This price, while under the

record of last year, was considered satis-

factory and relatively higher as compar-

ed with the general market, since while

the grand champions of the 1912 show,

also Angus yearlings, brought $14, the





top price in the open market at that time

was $11.25 per cwt, as compared with a

top limit of $9.60 for the week this year.

This is a gratifying comparison, since it

represented the approximate value of

these cattle in the open market, as evi—

denced by the sale of the “finite exhibit

of Angus yearlings at $13 per cwt., while

the Esoher & Ryan two-year—old Angus

steers which won the reserve champion-

ship sold at $11.80 per cwt., and Scott’s

first—prize three-year—olds, also contend-

ers for the grand championship brought

but $10 per cwt., thus again demonstrat-

ing the market superiority of baby beef.



Notwithstanding the sweeping victory

of the Angus breed in the fat claSS cham-

pionships it would be unjust not to men-

tion the great showing made by the other

beef breeds in the carlot exhibits. W'hile

none could criticize the excellent work of

the judges, the patrons of the show were

divided in their admiration of the Win-

ners and the magnificent exhibits of

Shorthorns, .llcrefords: and Galloways,

very many of which would have been not

only easy but notable winners in any

other ring. \\'lhilc no one who saw with

an apprcciating eye the wonderful qual-

ity of the winners would say a word dc-

Iogatory to them. the best informed 0b-

servers could not do less than, divide the

credit for the honors between the breed

and the skilled and experienced breeders

and feeders who exhibited them, and

while all patrons of the Angus breed may

well be gratified and proud of the victory

scored by their breed at this year’s In-

ternational, patrons of the other beef

breeds need feel no chagrin or discour—

agement at the showing made by their

favorites at this greatest of live stock

shows in which utility is the final arbiter.



As a matter of fact. although the An-

gus breed carried off all championship

honors in the carlot fat classes, the Here—

fords beat them out in the number of

prizes won. 111 the yearling class the

blacks won first and second prizes, the

third and fourth going to Herefords. In

the tw‘o-year—old class an Angus entry

won first while the second and third

prizes went to llercfox‘ds and fourth to

a fine load of Angus-Hereford crossbred

cattle. This pen attracted much atten-



(Continued on page 532).
530-2





2





T H .E MI :6 H IGAN "‘ EA RMER .-





VVhat;is‘.°-Profit in Farming.





 





In Lillie Farmstead Notes in the is8ue of November 15, pages 438-439, of the





Michigan Farmer, Mr. Lillie says:

tion for farming." * " '*





“Last year there was an actual 105s





"It has not been a profitable year in this sec-





in farming.”





Considering that Mr. Lillie owns a farm of adequiate size, according to farm man-

agement experts, and considering that he is perhaps Michigan’s leading agricul-





turist, is this not discouraging testimony and is





it not sufficient to make most





thinking young men desire more to secure service with some corporation or the

public service—jobs paying salaries. with a chance of promotion- and perhaps a

civil pension coming later, rather than taking up the more or less isolated life of





a farmer,





with uncertain remuneration and no chance of pension.





but only a





prOSpect of being a heavy contributor to other fellows' pensions, and usually not





much vacation.





In order that we Imay more definitely get at this question of prof-





its in farming in Michigan, will you not have Mr. Lillie give more definite figures





of his farm operations giving acreage. inventory,

classified as to source, as crops, dairy. etc.





means by profit in farming.



St. Joseph Co.



T is a fair and interesting question to

I ask, "What is profit in farming, or



how much profit is there in farming

at the present time?" Most of the so—

called profit in farming is simply wages

earned by the farmer and his family. If

a man worked in a factory or automobile

shop he would get wages for his labor.

And so with the farmer. He should get

wages for the manual labor he performs.

The manufacturer first deducts the labor

and ot'h'd' expenSes and then he figures

the interest on the capital invested. The

capital itself ought to earn this. And ov-

er and above that. if any. is profit. Farm-

ing ought to be figured in the same way.

For instance, in my own care. I figure

that my farm and equipment is worth

$30000. I have got 289 acres of land.

good buildings and plenty of them, I am

well supplied with tools, and have a heavy

investment in live stock. It is really

worth more than that, but I put it down

for that because you must put it down for

something if you are going to keep books

and have an inventory. Now if I could

turn this property into money and get

$30,000 and put that out at intereSt I

would have no trouble in putting it out

at six per cent. I could invest it in bonds

or in real estate. There are lots of op-

portunities where one can invest capital

and get it to earn six per cent, Now

why Shouldn't it be required to earn Six

per cent in farming, and from a business

standpoint and as a bufinesg proposition

have I any right to say that if I have

$1,800 over and above the actual expenses

of the farm that there is that much profit

in farming? My 5530.000 investment has

then simply earned six per cent or what

it would earn in any other investment,

and I ought to haVe over the six per cent

interest on the investment to get any

profit. I will admit that my.case in farm-

ing is very much different from the ordi-

nary farmer. I have outside business that

takes a lot of my time and energy and I

don’t pretend to do manual labor on the

farm, but I do pretend to give it super-

vision. Il'hat that supervision is worth

I do not know. I am satisfied that if I

would give up writing for the Michigan

Farmer, for instance, and several other

things that I do, and settle down on the

farm, get up at five o’clock in the morn-

ing and work with the men as I used to

do, that I could save about two men’s

wages. NOW I would earn that much

money, that would be what I would get

for labor. If I was sufiiciently strong to

do this labor and the supervision also,

which would take part of the night. then

I ought to have pay for that. But. never-

telcss, the $30,000 that I have got invest-

ed ought to earn me six per cent inter-

est over and above my labor. I would

figure that if it was doing that and I only

got $1,800 over and above expenses, that I

got little or nothing for my labOr on the

farm, because my capital would earn

$1,800 if I had it out of the farm and in-

vested in something else.



Two or three years ago I told Editor

Waterbury that I was interested in trying

to demonstrate that farming is a profita-

ble business. You remember that he

wrote an editorial on this one time, so

that the idea made an‘ impression upon

him, and be practically agreed that the

average farmer didn’t get interest on his

investment and good wages for the labor

that he and his family performed, and I

don’t believe he does. But yOu say you

know of men who are getting ahead on

the farm. Yes! So do I. I don't calcu—

late I am running behind at all. But

these men who are getting ahead are men

who are physically strong, and mentally

also, and they do a whole lot of hard

work. and that is figured as profit in

farming. If‘ those same men worked for

some manufacturer Where they could use

their strength and their'energy, they

would get mighty good wages also: Not

only that. but the farmer’s family assists

materially. If he has got growing chil-





dren'they many times earn good wages.

Many a boy 15 or 16 years old takes the

place of a hired man, and this is not fig-

ured in. What he'earns is figured as so





expense account, and receipts,

Also have him explain what he





L. P. T.

much clear gain, and really it is. But

when you are figuring farming as a bus-

iness proposition it ought to be charged

against the business, as it would be in

the manufacture of automobiles or boots

and shoes, and why shouldn't it be in

farming?



Of course, an increaSe in live stock,

perhaps an increase in soil fertility, ought

to be taken into consideration in the

profits of farming. Certainly if a man

raises a bunch of nice calves or colts or

pigs or anything of that sort and doeSn’t

dispose of them so that he turns them

into caSh, they are really so much in-

crease in the inventory of the farm and

will figure as profit in farming, provided

you have made wages for your labor, in-

terest on the investment, etc., besides.

But where one has to build a new fence

or where one has to repair an old fence,

or repair buildings, or anything of that

sort, he can’t figure that as profit, be-

cause that is current expense. Those re-

pairs will have to be made again in the

course of a few years. And that is an

item of expense just as much as the hired

man's wages. we might say, and is not

profit. Also the natural wear of the tools

should be taken into consideration. be-

cause they wear out. It is none too much

to charge off ten per cent every year for

the actual wear of the tools. If one buys

new tools, of course they must be added

to the inventory, but the real value of

farm tools in the inventory ought to be

reduced ten per cent every year for wear.



Then, again, it is not fair to figure

farming as a business for one year or for

two years‘. “'e ought not to figure the

profits in farming for less than a five-

year average, and it would be better and

fairer to figure it on a ten-year average.

A renter knows that it does not pay to

rent a farm for one year, because it may

be a bad year and he may lose out. He

may be worse off at the end of the year

than he was when he started. Every-

thing may be against him. He knows

that it doesn't hardly pay to rent a farm

for two years, because we may have two

poor years in succession, although we

rarely do. But no man should rent a

farm as a buSiness proposition if he can

avoid it, for less than five years, and then

if he takes the average for five years it

will be a fair average for the profits in

farming. But a five-year average is not

as good as a ten-year average. Seasons

change and this makes the farmer‘s profit

change.



Now in my notes referred to by L. P.

F., I stated that last year there was an

actual loss in farming. I meant, of course,

on my farm. \l'e nearly drowned out.

I think t110se that kept track of Lillie

Farmstead Notes read my wail of woe

more than once. Now this year we did

better, but it was extremely dry. If we

could haVe had one or two good rains in

the summer the whole thing would have

changed. We are short on forage crops.

No crops yielded as they ought to, be-

cause there wasn’t moisture enough. Now

the probability is that next year it will

be better. It always has been that way,

and while I cannot tell this year about

the profit, because it isn't figured up yet.

and won’t be until next May, I am confi-

dent in my own mind that there is very

little actual profit. But it must be un-

derstood in my farming that every bit of

labor has to be paid for. I have no grow-

ing boys, nobody to help me. Everything

must depend upon hired men, and when

I pay the labor bill, which comes to over

$3,000 every year, and the other expenses,

and then make interest on the invest-

ment, the actual profits in farming d’wln-

dle. especially in had years.



COLON C. LILLIE.





ERADICATI NG QUACK GRASS.





 





Kindly advise as to best method of

eradicating quack grass. SUBSCRIBER.





Quack grass can be eradicated by any

method of clean culture which prevents

it from making any appreciable growth

above ground. as this will starve the

roots and finally kill them. It has been





found by investigation, however, that the

underground stems or root stocks 6!

quack grass have different 'habits of

growth under different conditions, being

deepest rooted and most vigorous in cul-

tivated fields. In meadows and pastures

which have been in grass for several

years these underground stems are found

to be very much closer to the surface,

practically all of them occurring in the

first two or three inches of surface soil.

W'hen in this c0ndition, if the sod is

plowed in the midsummer as shallow as

practical, say about three inches deep,

and kept well worked with a disk harrow

until fall, this sod will be cut into small

sections, which will be so thoroughly

dried out that the roots will be practically

all killed. Then if this field is again

plowed at a good depth in the spring for

a cultivated crop, there will be very little

if any, quack grass. make its appearance

in the crop. This is probably the least

expenSive method of ridding the land of

.this pest, but as above noted, the same

results can be accomplished by any meth-

od which will prevent the growth of the

grass above ground for a sufficient length

of time to starve the roots.





 





A WORD FOR GOOD ROADS.





 





A few months ago the writer contribut-

ed to these columns, an article on the

crushed stone roads of Fayette township.

In view of the facts that such roads are

comparatively unknown in the country

districts of Michigan and that many

farmers oppOse the plan on the grounds

of expense, the publication of a recent in-

terview with a prominent Ohio farmer,

would seem pertinent. No attempt will

be made to quote verbatim, the conversa-

tion in question, but simply to disclose

the fundamental facts.





In way of explanation, let it be said

that the Ohio man is a. well-to-do farmer

of Paulding county. In the matter of

good roads this county is wonderfully

progressive. All of the principal roads

of the county are made of crushed stone,

and in some cases, practically whole

townships possess nothing but this supe-

rior kind of highway. Owing to the fact

that stone for the work cannot be obtain-

ed in Paulding county. the crushed ma-

terial is shipped in, and the cost fur each

mile of road is around four thousand doi-

lars—nearly twice as much as in Fayette

township where the stone are procured

and crushed in the immediate locality, In

spite of this disadvantage, however. the

Ohio man was unreservedly and enthusi-

astically in favor of the stone roads.





In discussing the good roads question,

the man from Paulding county said:

“Without a doubt our new crushed stone

roads have done much to increase the

value of our farms. Land now sells in

my neighborhood for from $150 to $225

per acre. If a farm happens to be lo-

cated on a cross road not yet rebuilt, the

price of the land is much lower, for peo-

ple have learned that no kind of dirt road

is equal to stone for the drawing of heavy

loads of farm produce. I would hesitate

for a long time before selling my farm

at any price, if it were to mean removal

to"a locality not yet improved by the

construction of stone roads. I have help-

ed to construct these roads in my own

township, and am now reaping the ad-

vantages. I feel that what I have spent

in time and money, is returning to main

increased value of my farm and in better

traveling facilities. IVhen I wish to mar-

ket my produce, it is done with ease and

expedition unknown in former days."





In a nutshell, the foregoing is the ex-

pression of a farmer living in a section

noted for its good roads. It would be

well for Michigan farmers who oppose

the system to ponder over this testimony

which is the result of mature experience.

Many Michigan roads may not need im-

provement so much as did the heavy

roads of Paulding county, but it is put-

ting the case mildly to say that they

need it bad enough. It is true that the

owners of automobiles profit by these im-

proved highways, but it is also true they

are helping to pay for them. It is true.

too, that in the last analysis the greatest

benefit goes to the farmer. It is he who

drawa the heavy loads to market, and it

is his property which is raised in value

by the road improvement. For farmers

to oppose these improvements, is to say

the least, an exceedingly short-sighted

policy. Better roads—good roads— are

surely coming in Michigan. The move-

ment is wide-spread and inevitable. Let

the farmers of each community put their

shoulders to the wheel 'and help along a

movement which will benefit them most

of all. The man who sighs for the good

old days when the road tax was worked





DEC- 13, 1913.





‘3‘





out , under no system at all. is looking-.2 ;

back 'to a condition that has passed‘ford ‘-





ever. The memory of those newly work-

ed roads, however, piled high in the mid-

dle with earth and sod fOr half the sum-

mer, will long linger in the minds of those

who were compelled to endure the hard-

ship of traveling over them. The good

roads movement is practical, progressive,

economical. Let us lend a hand.

Hillsdale Co. J. A. KAISER.





 





NOTES FROM OGEMAW COUNTY.





 





At the Farmers’ Institute held at West

Branch, December 2-3, the 36 students of

agriculture in the high School attended in

a body. Also the county normal class of

14. The farmers are generally in a cheer-

ful frame of mind. A mortgage for $5,500

has just been placed to secure a loan of

like amount on an '80-acre farm. As far

as your correspondent could learn this is

the highest valuation ever given an 80-

acre farm by money loaners in this

county.



A great many potatoes have been ship-

ped from this place this year, 50 cents

being the prevailing price.



Beans are bringing $1.70 per bu. The

pea business, which once flourished here,

seems to be much on the wane. Money

loaned at the banks to farmers at seven

per cent. County just voted to bond for

$75,000 to build roads. Majority, 80 in the

vote of 500,—A. B. C.





WHY BOYS LEAVE THE FARM.





 





Boys should have the greatest freedom

to select a lifework for themselves. They

may have talents Which favor them for

some particular "calling. If they have

such talents they will discover them

about as soon as anybody. I well remem-

ber a time when a playmate and myself

were speculating in futures. I preferred

to be a farmer. He said that he wanted

to be a gunsmith. Raising his hands up

before his face to imitate the holding of

a .gun, he said he believed he could make

a gun that would shoot right to the mark.

He proved in after life that he did not

overestimate his- ability in that respect.

A father should strive to bring about

such a state of feeling between himself

and son that the son can leave home

without embarrassment, and can come

back without embarrassment. Should he

be determined to go, let him know that

he has your well-wishes. After he has

seen some of the world, and found out,





contrary to his expectations, that every-»





thing which his hand touches does not

turn to gold, he may be glad to get back

onto father's farm. Should he expect to





meet with a cold or indifferent receptioni





when he proposes to come back. he prob-

ably will not make the proposal





The most effective wOrk can be done





with children when they are quite young;





1





They have everything to learn and thew

look upon their parents as the possessor.





of great wisdom and knowledge. Get

their confidence and they are easily led.

I feel sorry f0r the man or woman who

cannot be interested and amused at the

development of intelligence in a child.

Get interested in their peculiar idea of

things which tJhey see around them. I

well remember when a playmate had a.

spot picked out on the back part of his

father’s farm where he was going to build

a store and a. tavern. I once knew a lit-

tle girl who, after studying up the situ-

ation around home, Said to her mother,

“We could get along without pa all right,

only we need rhim to work.” A little boy

was once talking about things which he

saw around him, in a very unlearned

manner, and his father said to his moth-

er, “Doesn’t that boy know better than

to talk in that way?" The boy was un-

learned in many things but he was not

so ignorant that he did not know that his

father’s remark was not intended for a.

compliment.



Most men have tender recollections of

Mother. She was their constant compan-

ion during the years when their minds

were developing, and they lave received

impressions which will influence their

whole lives. Many a man is on the old

farm today who is held there by Moth-

er’s influence.





Branch Co. 0. A. annmm.





 





IMPORTANT.





 





If your subscription to the Michigan

Farmer expires soon it is important to

send your renewal at once. Send $2.00

fOr five years, 31.25 for three years, 31.00

'for two years or 60 cents for one year. Or

in this issue you will find some excellent

clubbing offers that will save you money

on your reading matter.
DEC. 13, 1913.





 





'17“ H E. . MIC H IGAN F AR M E, R.





Why We Should Rotate Cr0ps—N‘o. 2.





If we were to state the absolute facts

in regard to the desires of the pioneer

farmers of this country, we w0uld be

compelled to say that the inherent desire





, of the most of them has been to follow





one crop farming. Some of them are good

judges of land suited to raising different

leading crops. They look for certain in-

dications and characteristics in soil. and





'say that it is good wheat land, or good~





corn land, as the case may be. It is their

custom 'to remain in a portion of country

Only as long as thé‘ land will profitably

produce their favorite crop and then

move to newer portions of country. Such

a. course has been pursued. and is ‘being

practiced, until according to the govern—

ment reports, more than three-fourths of

the wheat consumed in the United States

is raised by the single crop system.



Agriculturists and political economists

have sounded the notes of warning, and

yet the process of what is called “soil

robbing” is being carried on. In Minne-

sota and the Dakotas we have what some

have rpleased to call them, the “profes-

sional wheat raisers,” and others call

them “soil Skimmers.” In the corn belt

where nature bestowed an abundance of

vegetable matter On the surface. and the

prairies are a vast expanse of sediment

and decaying organic matte, there we have

the corn growers who, for a life time

have but tickled the surface of the ground

with the plow, planted the seed, and the

whole expanse of country has laughed

with abundant harvests The people of

the whole country have been blessed by

the abundant crops of corn, for it has

been cheap and could be utilized for feed

at every‘ point reached by our railroad

systems.



But the end of single crop raising

seems to be near. In the Dakotas to use

the common expression, the soil has

hardened, and it requires much more mo—

tive power to turn up and loosen the soil

than formerly. The crops have dimin-

ished and they resort to the old plan

spoken of in Holy \Vl‘l‘t, “let the land

rest." The decaying vegetable matte: near

the surface in the soil is nearly used up,

and it refuses to bring forth abundant

crops. The large quantities of nitrogen

that was present in the virgin soil. which

neutralized the poisonous substances ex-

creted by the wheat roots, is nearly cx-

hausted, and there are indications of a

feeble rather than a vigorous growth of

the wheat plants. Similar conditions pre—

vail with some of the heavy clay lands of

Michigan. The potent remedies are rais-

ing on Such soils, .lune clover and alfalfa,

keeping stock and returning the manure

t0 the land, regular systcm of crop rota—

tion, and carcful methods of cultivation.



Many of the farmers in the corn belt

have adopted a system of diversified

farmii g, making the keeping of live stock

or dairying the leading branch of their

business. Keeping of live stock calls for

the clovers as a forage feed, which neces-

sitates a regular system of rotation of

crops. Instead of the desolate looking

condition that is an accompaniment of

one-crop farming, buildings have been

erected and a general air of comfort and

prosperity prevails.



\Vhen one—crOp raising prevails there is

a condition in the soil similar to that of

fatigue with men. After several hours of

hard labor there is in the circulatory sys—

tem an accumulation of torn down or

worn out tissues, which has accumulated

faster than the phagOcyte corpuscles. or

scavengers of the blood, could clear out.

Rest must follow, and it is during the

hours of sleep that this waste matter in

the blood is disposed of largely through

the cutaneous system and the renal se-

cretions. After a night's slccp, the cir-

culatory system having been cleared of

all waste material, the individual feels

refreshed and is ready to take up the

rounds of labor.



Some of our modern experimenters

have placed in a wire container dirt rich

in plant foods, and put it in the surface

of the ground. This gave the- dirt. in the

container precisely the same conditions

rthat prevailed in the ground surrounding

it. They planted wheat and it grew with

usual vigor. After growing a few weeks

they pulled it up and planted in the con-

tainer more wheat, and it made only a

sickly growth.



In the same dirt in the container cow-

peas were sown which made a good

growth. After a few weeks the cowpea

vines were taken out and more cowpeas

planted. but the second crop was. not

successful. It was like the second crop

of wheat. Potato seedlings were put in

the- container and they grew well. After





the potatoes wheat was again planted in

the container and it grew to perfection.

The conclusion arrived at by the Uni-

ted States Bureau of Soils, is, that the

excreta of plant roots is poison to the

plants of the same kind. After producing

one kind of a crop the soil needs rest, or

a change of occupation. In the case of

wheat, farmers give the land a rest by

summer fallowing, after which the wheat

grows abundantly. Lime, freezing and

working the ground has given it an op-

portunity to free itself of the poison.

Some contend that the elements re—

'quired for the different crops: are so dif-

ferent that after one crop has taken its

needs, another kind of a crop can be

utilized to take its needs, and so on. But

according to the chemical analysis, a





'crop of wheat and oats take nearly the





same quantities of nitrogen, phosphoric

acid and potash. Oats do not succeed

well when sown repeatedly on the same

ground. Corn will succeed itself better

than the other crops, and it takes almost

as much nitrogen for a single crOp as

both the wheat and oats. and more than

as much as both of the phosphoric acid,

and almost twice as much potash as both.

It is not always the lack of plant food in

the soil that causes a diminution in the

yield. It is often poison excreted from

the roots of the preceding crop of the

same kind. Some crops, like oats and

sugar beets, leave a poison in the soil

which is injurious to and retards the

growth of some other kinds of crops.



Encouraged by the results obtained by

the German investigatorswho had dis-

covered the toxin in man and animals

which they call the “germ of fatigue,"

the'Fedcral Bureau of Soils set the ex—

perts at work to see if it is possible to

know what. if anything, constitute the

germ of fatigue in sterile soils. Great

numbers of samples of sterile soil was

gathered from all parts of the country.

Both Sterile and fertile portions of soil

were examined. In all of the portions of

sterile soils examined the compound di-

hydroxystearic acid was present, but was

not present in the fertile soils.



\thther the compound mentioned is

the germ of fatigue in soils or not, the

experts do not Secm to be ready to state

positively, but they did set themselves

about the task of finding something to

dissipate or neutralize it. The clement

nitrogen was found to be prcciscly what

is needed to prevent the gathering of the

dihydroxystcaric acid and if applied very

promptly neutralizes it. If the farmers

practice applying barnyard manure, and

using clovcr in the rotation, they necd

ncvcr fear the approach of this germ of

soil fatigue. If from abuse of the soil by

constant cropping without applying barn-

yard manurc. or rotating with clover the

soil becomes stcrile. the remedy is easily

found in the manure and clover. There

has becn, and probably will be, cases in

the future, where the nitrogen being so

thoroughly cropped out of the soil, that

in order to get clover started, the. use of

barnyard manure or nitrogen in some

commercial form must be, resorted to.

\thn it is possible to secure a growth of

clover, the task of building up fertility

in the soil is not a difficult one, if the

plan of stuffing the soil with organic mat-

ter is consistently followed.



Thc Federal Bureau of soils found an-

other substance in some sterile soils

which they call cumerin, which is not

neutralized by nitrogen or potash, but is

readily dissipated by the nae of a small

quantity of phosphate salts.



The results obtained in both cases are

precisely what those who believe that the

capabilities of plants to gather their food

in the soil, depends upon the balance of

thc mineral plant foods in the soil natur-

ally cxpccted. If the acids are super—

abundant. stmicthing must be. used to

check them and restore the proper bal-

ancc. If the alkali elements are too abun-

dant, thcn an acid plant food can be used

to restore the propcr balance between

them, and then the processes of growth

goes along in a normal manner.



All of the experiments made at the

different experiment stations, and the re-

sults crystalized by the Federal Bureau

of Soils, tend to prove the wisdom of ro-

tating crops in such a manner as to use

the “manure from farm animals on the

land and at the same time make clover

one of the crops in the rotation. By fol-

lowing Such a course in a consistent

manner, the danger of meeting any trou-

ble from the germ of fatigue in the soil

can be deferred for very many years. If

keeping all the stock on the farms that

can be well fed were more general, and





regular systems of rotation followed, pros-

perity would be more universal on the

farms, and there would be less money

wasted on commercial fertilizers, for in

very many instances the results would

prove that the costs would exceed the

value of the increase in the crop.

Wayne Co. N. A. CLAPP.





 





CORN SHOW FOR ST. CLAIR

COUNTY.





 





On November 21-22, we held what we

beieved was the first corn show ever held

in St. Clair county. This corn was se-

lected by the children in the rural schools

and most of the schools in this county

were represented, but in some sections

of the county, weather was not favorable

for a good crop of corn and so naturally

the parents did not want their children

to send in corn.



This county cannot be classified as a.

good corn, county, but, nevertheless, we

had a large number of samples of the

very best corn. The object in holding this

fair was to get the children interested

in corn club work throughout the county,

in view of organizing corn clubs in this

county next year and also to ascertain the

kind of corn and the quality which is gen—

erally grown throughout the county. FrOm

the number of samples which we receiv-

cd I believe we can rightly assume that

over half of the corn grown in this coun—

ty is the Yellow Dent, the “'hite Dent

and White Cap comes second. with the

Flint varieties third and the Strawberry

Dent fourth. All of the corn which was

shown at this fair was the very best

available in the reSpective sections and

judging from the corn received there is

a great deal grown in St. Clair county

which is. badly mixed and should be

eliminated. Much of the corn is very

small, and large yields cannot be

expected from such varieties. Out of

about 400 samples of corn we decided that

there were only 50 samples which deserv—

ed a place in the agriculture in St. Clair

county. The Flint samples were very

good and I believe far above the average

of Flint corn grown.



Prof. V. M. Shoesmith, from M. A. C.,

judged this corn and Dr. Eben Mumford,

spent a day with us and on Saturday af-

ternoon he gave a very interesting talk

on the advisability of securing good seed

corn. to the farmers.



Liberal prizes were offered and the

children took a great dcal of interest in

this fair because it was for them, and

the parents apparently took as much in-

tcreSt as the children. About 1,000 farm-

ers visited the fair during the two days

and a number who had not been very fa-

vorable with this agricultural movement

became interested also. This is only the

beginning of the formation of corn clubs

in this county and ncxt year we expect

to have a number of boys who will grow

an acre of seed corn and this corn will be

a great deal better corn than was on ex-

hibit at our corn fair this year. \Ve are

going to furnish the children with good

clean seed of uniform type and so all of

them will be started on the same basis.

The prize winners in the various classes

follow. The prizes, which were cash,

ranged from one to five dollars.



Yellow Dent—First, tuth Schaenzlin;

2nd, Jennie McCartney; 3rd. Isaac Hil-

lock; 4th, Merl Fritz: 5th, Margretta

Dunn; 6th, Cecelia ’l‘ebeau; 7th, Walter

Fritz; 8th, Hazel Dreschler: 9th, Alice

Lawler; 10th, 'leper Donahue: 11th, Clark





McDonald; 12th. Mabel lireschlcr; 13th,

Fcnton Low; 14th. Florence Cuhours.



\Vhite Cap and “bite—First. Glen Bar—

rett; 2nd, Dorothy t‘rocker: :ird, Richard

Scramlcr; 4th, George Tripp: 5th, Clar-

ence David; 6th, ()tto Schroeder; 7th,

Linne Dane; 8th. Ellen YOung; 0th, Dudley

Field; 10th, John llillock.



Strawberry Dcnt.—-Fii‘st. Elliott Folk-

erts; 2nd, Myron Moak; 3rd. Morley Bon-

ney; 4th, Mark Lashlirook; 5th, Gerald

l’emblcton; 6th, \Valter Fritz; 7th, Rus-

scll Boulis; 8th, Fred Parker.



Flint—First, Dwain Dunsmore; 2nd,

Gertrude Shanahan; 3rd, Franklin Cowles;

4th, {tisscll Easton; 5th. Thelma Fahs;

6th, Fred Kurz: 7th, Earnest Stager; 8th,

Justice Dominan: 9th. Linden Rhode-

man; 10th. Hulda LaBuhn; 11th, Fred

Bruch; 12th, Frank Freegei'; 13th, E.

Lowell.



Sweepstake—First, Carl Stein; 2nd,

Ruth Schacnzlin; 3rd, Glen Barrett.



Pop Corn—First, Irvin \Vuest.



The approach of winter has brought

large numbers of partly fattened cattle

from Wisconsin, Minnesota and northern

Iowa to Chicago and other western mar-

kets, owners showing an anxiety to get

their stock caShed in before bad weather

Sets in, and priccs reached lower levels,

with even the best class of heavy beeves

participating in such reductions in val—

ues. Year-lings and fat butcher stock are

apt to show the most activity, but de-

mand for nearly all descriptions of cattle





fell off to a marked degree, as usual, dur->





ing Thanksgiving week, when nearly ev-

ery family eat poultry.





 





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Winter courses in Agriculture





Ofi'ered at. the





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Jan. 5 to Feb. 27, 1914.





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Dated at. Hastings. Mich. Dec. 9, 1913.
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(Continued frOm First Page).

tion, not only on account of their good

quality'but as well for their peculiar

and uniform marking, having the color

and coat of the Angus and much of their

type, with the white head markings- of the

Hereford and the poll of the black breed.

In the three-year-old class the Angus

breed won only first, the three other

prizes all going to Hereford entries.





In the Hereford exhibits there were

two cariot exhibits which merit special

mention from the fact that they not only

won the American Hereford specials for

yearlings and two-year-olds, and first in

their class from the Southwest District,

but were as well shown as feeders in 1912.

thus showing that prize winning feeders

are the material from which prize win-

ning fat steers can be made with the

right kind of care and feed. The year-

lings in this class were exhibited by J.

G. Imboden, of Illinois, and the two-year-

olds by Notre Dame University.



The Shorthorns landed a championship

in the feeder division, the sweepstakes

prize in this carlot class going to “Al.”

Neal. of Colorado, on a fine load of

Shorthorn yearlings.



In the cariot sheep contest the western

lambs Were easy winners, the champion-

ship honors going to a very fine load of

western lambs, bred and fed by Knollln

& Finch, of Soda Springs, Idaho. Their





» quality was of a character to speak vol-





umes for the- lmprovement of mutton

type in western lambs and their finish

was a credit to thefeeders. A Michigan

entry in this claSS strongly commended

by the judge was the top of two loads fed

and exhibited by E. G. Read, of Richland,

Mich. who won the grand championship

last year. Another entry seriously con-

sidered for the high honor was a load of

westerns, fed and exhibited by Miss Lois

McFadden, of Flossmooor, Ill. VVlille the

CEil‘lOt exhibits, of native lambs were not

up to the high standard attained by the

westerns. they were good, and here again

Michigan was a close competitor for first

honors. The first premium in this class

went to a well—finished load of Shrop-

shires bred and fed by Miles & Reese. of

Eavnsvllle, “’15., while Wm. Conley, Jr.,

won second on a load of shorn grade

Shrops, and Henderson & Brunei‘, of

Hickory, I‘a., got third on an entry of

shorn grade DorSets. '



In the cariot hog classes, in which there

were an unusually large number of en-

tries, the championship was won by I. D.

King, of Burlington, Kas., on a load of

Berkshires in the 350-lb. class, a load of

Texas Poland Chlnas being second in this

class.



In the individual fat classes the entries

were more numerous than ever before,

andthe individuals shown were fully up

to the high International standard set in

previous years. The grand championship

in the steer class was again won by a

grade Angus, this time a two-year—old

that was last year’s reserve championship

calf. This steer, Glencarnock Victor 2nd,

was exhibited by J. D. McGregor, of

Brandon, Manitoba, who won the cham-

pionship laSt year on Glencarnock Victor,

bot'h winners being from the same dam.

A cut of this grand steer, together with

a description of the methods used in fin-

ishing him will be published in the next

issue.



In the fat wetlher class Canada also

scored a victory with the Campbell en-

try, a grade Shropshire yearling of won-

derful breadth and quality. The same ex-

hibitor won last year on a pure—bred

yearling ShrOD.



Both grand championships in the fat

barrow class were won by Poland Chinas,

exhibited by John Francis & Sons, of Ill-

inois. The grand champion barrow was

18 months old and weighed around 550

lbs. His chief competitor was an Iowa

Berkshire of about the same weight and

quality. the deciding factor being the

dressing percentage.



The breeding classes in all departments

were well filled with entries of Superb

quality, while the horse show was a mag-

nificent spectacle in itself, and the even-

ing entertainment features drew the usual

large crowds, all contributing to the gen-

eral opinion that this year’s International

was the “best ever."



A summary of the championships in the

different classes, all of which are not

available at this writing, will be published

in the next issue, tOgether with a brief

account of the breed meetings held dur-

ing the week and other information re-

garding this greatest of live stock shoWs,

gleaned from the maSs of results as of

greatest interest to the reader.





 





’.





DEC. . 13; 1913'-





‘ LAMB SHOW AT THE LIVE 8700K

MEETING.





 





A wether lamb show is to be 'held at

the Twenty-third Annual Meeting of the

Michigan Improved Live Stock Breeders’

and Feeders’ Association, January 14-15,

1914. Three prizes will be offered for the

best lambs, either pure-bred or sired by

pure—bred rams of each one of the fol-

lowing breeds: Sou'tlhdown, Shropshire.

Hampshire, Oxford, Dorset, 'Rambouiiiet.

Cotswold, Lincoln, and Leicester, mak-

ihg in all 27 prizes to be competed for by

native lambs. Three prizes will also be

offered for the three best black-faced

western lambs, and for the three beSt

white-faced western lambs, and for the

threebest white western lambs.



For each of the above prizes the asso-

ciation will put up a. handsome riben,

and the. State Breeders’ Association rep-

resenting some of the breeds will un-

doubtedly offer very liberal prizes for the

best lambs of their breed.



For the three best lambs in the show.

all first prize lambs competing, the As-

sociation will give a gold medal to the

first, a. silver medal to the second. and a

bronze medal to the third.



Following the show on foot. which will

be held Wednesday, January 14, the

lambs will be slaughtered and all entries

compete in a carcass contest, January 15,

and fer the three best carcasses, gold,

silver and bronze medals will be awarded.



The carcasses will be disposed of by the

officers of the Association and returns for-

warded to exhibitors, or the carcasses re-

turned, as exhibitor may desire,



Judges from out of the state will be

secured and will pass on the merits of

the lambs from a market standpoint.



No entrance fee will be required. but

exhibitors must become members of the

Association by paying the annual dues of

one dollar. All entries must be in the

hands of the secretary before December

15, 1913. Exhibitors will be limited to

two entries in any one class or breed.



All entries will be fed, cared for, and

slaughtered by the Association, the only

expense to the exhibitor being that of

shipping his animals to the secretary at

Lansing.



The Barrow show last year was a. de-

cided success and we sincerely hope that

breeders will take advantage of this op-

p0rtunl-ty to demonstrate to the public

that their favorite breed is not only the

best on foot but dresses out the best

carcass.



In addition to the above the Michigan

Hampshire Association will give prizes of

five, four and three dollars for the first,

second and third prize Hampshire lambs.

If the best black-raced western lamb

should be one sired by a pure-bred Hamp-

shire ram, the American Hampshire As-

sociation will give a prize of ten dollars.

If the three best lambs in the Show are

Hampshires the American Hampshire AS-

sociation will give prizes of five. four and

three dollars respectively for the first,

second and third prize lambs.



For further information address;



GEO. A. BROWN, Sec’y,

East Lansing. Mich)





 





LIVE STOCK NEWS.





 





Continued liberal marketings of hogs in

Chicago and other leading markets of the

country has made a low scale of values.

and recent prices were the IOWest seen

since last February. With an extremely

large propOrtlon of hogs of very light

weights in the daily receipts, such offer-





ings were strongly disoriminated against'





by buyers, while pigs have shown de-

clines of from 15@25c per 100 lbs. in the

Chicago market on some recent days. '

Numerous belated buying orders for

feeding lambs have been placed with live

stoek commission firms doing business in

the Chicago stock yards, including many

such orders from Michigan farmers, as

well as orders from parts of Ohio, New

York and other states, but the lateness

of the season renders it simply impossi-'

ble to fill orders with anything like

promptness. Meager offerings have ran

the prices for prime feeding lambs up to

$7_ per 100 lbs., the favorite weight run-

ning .from 45 to 50 pounds. This demand

promises to continue through December,

with no increase in available offerings.





Horses were in better demand than us-

ual last week, with numerous eastern

buyers present, including some from

Maine, and prices firmed up forthe bet-

ter class. There was no auction after

Wednesday, the stables being turned over

to the home show in connectiOn with the

International. The best class of heavy

drafters ruled firm at $300@350 per head

and upward, with few offered, while good,

but lighter, drafters sold at $235 and up-

ward. Chunks weighing from 1260 to

1450 lbs. brought $185@275, and little

southern chunks weighing 900 to 1100 lbs.

brought $126@160. Inferior old horses sold

slowly around 875@100, and drivers were

salable at $125@225. .





 





 





 





J.
DEC. 13, 1913,





g"llllllllIlllllllll||Illl|llllllIllll|IIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIllllIllI|IIII|IIlIlllIlllllllllllllllllllllllgr





 





Dairy. ,





nil|llllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllll||Il|lllllllllllllllllllllllE

CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





BEST GRAIN RATION FOR GROWING

HEIFERS.





I have someheifers two years old next

spring and coming in at that time, and

some that will be one year old then. Will

Mr. Lillie give me the cheapest and best

grain ration out of the following grains

or feeds: Oats, ground, corn meal, bran,

oil meal, cottonseed 'meal, gluten feed,

corn and cob meal. For roughage I have

mixed hay, cornstalks and straw. They

are grade Holsteins and rather small.

Could you giVe me an idea about how

much grain to give them to a feed?



\Vayne Co. M. A. T.



\Yith plenty of mixed hay and corn-

stalks and oat straw for a change, you

have a good roughage ration for young

growing heifers. It would be a nice thing

of course, if you had corn silage, you

cannot get a better succulent food, but

you can get along without it. If you had

mangle wurzels, or turnips, or something

of that sort to give them once a day, it

would be a great benefit also. XVith a.

liberal allowance of roughage young

growing heifers do not need a great

amount of grain, although I think it is

profitable to feed them a small amount.





\Vith the grains mentioned I think that

taking everything into consideration, corn

meal, ground oats, and wheat bran, equal

parts by weight, would make probably

the best ratiOn that you could feed the

heifers. I don’t like to feed oil meal and

cottonseed meal ‘to yOung growing ani-

mals liberally because they are unbal—

anced food products. There isn’t enough

ash in them. Ground corn and oats are

a splendid ration for growing animals. It

you will add a little bran to increase the

protein to balance up your roughage which

is a little bit deficient, the ration will be

aImOst ideal. Of course, if these heifers

were dry cows, if they had reached their

maturity, had fully developed and were

simply dry, it would be a. different propo-

sition, but they are growing animals.

They have got to have a suflicient amount

of protein in the ration to do this. They

could get along fairly well on just simply

the roughage if they have plenty of hay,

but they would have to eat so much more

of it, that at the price of hay I believe it

would pay to give them a little concen-

trated feed and not quite so much rough-

age. \Vheat bran is one of the best

grains that you can possibly feed young

growing animals. It keeps their bowels

in good condition and there is plenty of

ash and mineral matter in it. The only

objection is that everybody thinks it is

so valuable that they are willing itO pay

liberally for it and this makes it high-

priced. If you didn’t want to feed quite

so much bran you could cut out part of

the bran and put in a little gluten feed

in the place of it.



Now as to the amount to feed, they

don’t need a heavy grain ration. \\'hen

we get our young cattle up in the fall we

commence by giving them just a handful

of grain and feed them that way for a

week or two and then gradually increase

it until we are giving them two or three

pounds of grain a day, and this in addi-

tion to all the roughage they need is

sufficient.





 





 





OAT AND PEA SILAGE.





\Vishing a little information from some

good authority, I aSk you a few questions

in regard to oat and pea silage, the an-

swers of which will be appreciated very





much. _I)o oats and peas make good

silage? \Vill it keep as well as corn

silage? How many tons can one expect





per acre on land that will yield 50 to 70



bushels of oats, depending on the season.



\Vhat amount of seed of each per acre?

Clinton (30. G. G. D.





Oats and peas can be made into silage

and put in the silo when they are green.

They ought to be run through an ensilage

cutter and out fine. No crop like this

will make as good ensilage as corn, be-

cause they are hollow stemmed, and they

contain a large amount of air. The prob-

ability is that when you put them into

the silo they wouldn’t contain a sufficient

amount of moisture so that they would

settle and pack as well as they ought to,

and I would think it advisable that if you

make silage out of them that you run a.

stream of water in at the same time.

But they are not as good a silage crop as

corn. Not only that, but they can be

made into most excellent hay and it is

better to put the corn crop into the silo

and make the peas and oats into hay and

feed them dry in that way. They will

take the place of clover or alfalfa hay,





I H E WM IC H IG-A N F A-xR ME R





and I should much -» prefer to do this.

Make the peas and oats into hay and put

the corn into the silo. However, if you

must put them into the silo be ’sure and

put them in before they get ~too ripe; be

sure that there is plenty of moisture, and

be sure that they are well tramped, and

they will make fairly good Silage. With

a heavy crop ‘of peas and oats you ought

to have five or six tons of green stuff to

the acre. _ '



Sowing peas and oats for silage' or for

hay, you ought to mix the seed equal

parts by measure, that is, 60 lbs. of peas

to 32 le. of oats, and then sow two and a

half or three bushels per acre. If you

make them into hay, cut them when the

oats are in the milk. Don’t wait too long.

Make them as you would clover hay. Cut

them down and rake them up and put

them in crock_s and leave them until they

are cured and then draw them in and

you will haVe excellent hay.



HAY FOR HORSES BUT NONE FOR



COWS.





 





I have plenty of wheat straw, oat straw,

hay and oats for my horSes but none for

the cows. 1 have about 2,000 baskets of

corn, plenty of stalks and about 30 tons

of corn silage. Have eight cows, six heif-

ers, and six spring calves Have chance

to get 350 per basket for the corn and

take dairy feed in return. I am feeding

the dairy cows and heifers silage twice

a day with cornstalks- at noon and about

1 pound of oil meal and plenty of straw.

Is that enough? I am feeding the milch

COWS silage with cottonseed meal, dairy

feed, and about a half pound of oil meal

night and morning and stalks and straw





at noon. Can I improve on this ration?

I am selling milk.

Kent Co. G. H. T.





In the winter time farmers’ horses. us-

ually do not have to do any more than

enough to have good exercise, and there

would usually be more profit in feeding

the straw and cornstalks to the horses

and giving the hay to the cows that are

giving milk, rather than to feed the cows





that are giving milk the straw and the

houses the hay. But 1 am well aware of

the fact that most people think’ the





horses must have the best there is on the

farm anyway, and it perhaps is all right.

If you only give them what hay they will

eat up clean and provide a grain ration in

proportion and they can eat some of the





straw as well, these will make an eco-

nomical ration for the horres.

Iloweycr, l have seen farmers that fed





their horses altogether too much feed in

the winter time when they were doing

nothing. It was absolutely a waste of the

feed. The horses were not as well off as

they would have been if the had a

lighter ration. A horse in the winter time

doing scarcely nothing at all, don‘t need

the food that he does in the summer time

when he is working hard. He ought not

to haVe so much.



()n the other hand, a cow giving a good

flow of milk ought to have a good liberal

ration, because she is working. She is

“in the harness" every day. She converts

her feed into milk. You sell the milk and

get the money. One can afford to feed a

good dairy cow a liberal ration of well

balanced foods, and, in fact, that is the

only way to get very much money out of





her. If you scrimp her she will take care

of herself before she produces a maxi~

mum flow of milk.





I think the ration for dry cows is a very

good one. The one pound of oil meal is

rather low and a. few weeks before they

came fresh I believe I would gradually

increase this to two pounds, but when

they come in then, of course, they will

have to have even more.



\Vhere you are feeding quite liberally

of oil meal and cottonseed meal, as you

are, I doubt if it would pay you to trade

your corn for dairy feed. 1 know noth—

ing about these dairy feeds from actual

experience because I never feed them. I

have heard some people recommend them.

But we know exactly what corn meal is

and we know that~it is a good concen-

trated feed, and if I did not have corn

silage made from the whole corn and had

to feed cornstalks, I would like to feed a

little corn meal with the cornstalks so as

to have the entire corn plant as a part

of the ration. and I am of the opinion

that if you would keep the corn meal in

place of the dairy feed and use it with

your cottonseed meal and your linseed

meal that you would get just as good re-

Sults as you will with the commercial

feeds. Your cottonseed and oil meal are

very rich in protein and they will help

balance up a ration of corn meal, straw

and cornstalks in good shape. The idea

of a ration for cows giving milk is cor-

rect. You are feeding feeds that are rich

in protein to balance up the feeds rich in

carbohydrates. The only suggestion I

would make is to feed corn meal in place

of the dairy feeds.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





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In return for one little drop of oil

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passed over good jewelers' counters

for Big Ben and his brothers.



A Big Ben battalion. over 3,000

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Things move with a will when

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in the middle of his call. if you wish.



He is built in alive town for live

wires. And his best work has been

on the farm. Before-breakfast chores

are started right on time when Big

Ben time is set. He never oversleeps.

He runs on time. rings on time and

stays on time.



If our jeweler doesn‘t sell Big Ben.

sen a money order for $2.50 to his

makers— Westclox, La Salle. 111. He

will come to your house by express

or by parcel post. all charges prepaid.





 





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What a pleasure to see the rich yield of your best





milkers !





But how about the poor milkcr; have you given

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Chances are some part of her





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Healthy cows can use all their vigor to perform the

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Alberta. have produced wonderful - ~

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THE'laMICHIGAN «FARMER





Annual State Horticultural Meeting





 





The forty-third annual meeting of the

Michigan State Horticultural Society,

which was held at Traverse City, Decem-

ber 2-3-4, was a decided success from ev-

ery standpoint.



The value of the program was apparent

from the very beginning, for one of the

nflrst talks given was one of the most val-

uable given before the society in years.

The place of meeting was in itself inter-

esting and was a good illustration of the

newer religion, the practical and applied

Christianity. The building was that of.

the Central Methodist Church, in which

were rest rooms, a. gymnasium, shower

baths and other things of interest to its

younger members. The attendance at all

sessions was very good but would have

been better if it had not been So difficult

for those in the southern part of the

state to get there. The interest mani-

fested however, was of the very best and

there were spirited discussions on all

subjects.



No one subject predominated in inter-

est, which is unusual at such meetings.

Among the most prominent given atten-

tion were the subjects of spraying, thor-

oughness in spraying, pruning, market-

ing and advertising. The good interest

shown all subjects is probably due to the

fact that each speaker had his subject

well in hand and had a message of value

to present.



The meeting was opened with a talk

by E. O. Ladd, of Old Mission, on the

history of fruit growing in the Grand

Traverse district. He stated that the first

apple trees were from seed sown by the

Indians. The first nursery stock was

bought from a New York nursery and

planted in 1860. His experience showed

him that Baldwins and Greenings would

not do well in low places in that regiOn

but that Duchess would. He traced the

development of the fruit industry there

from the old methods, such as banding

for the codlln moth, to the present scien-

tifically deveIOped methods.



Mr. B. J. Case, of Sodus, N. Y., follow-

ed Mr. Ladd. His talk was meaty with

good thought and suggestions. He stated

at the opening of his address that we

knew but little of our buSiness and after

ihe got through it was apparent to those

in attendance that his statement was true

in most cases. His talk was so full of

valuable suggestiOns that an attempt to

mention them in the short space avail-

able would not do them justice. In a

future issue this talk will be given in full

detail.



Opening the session in the afternoon,

A. J. RogerS, of Beulah, gave an inter-

esting talk on orchard fertilization. He

compared the reSults of different experi-

ment station tests and gave the value of

the various fertilizer materials He sug-

gested that Cultivation later than mid-

summer would produce late wood growth

which would be harmful. In the discuS-

sion one man brought out the value of

sweet clover as a cover crop, in fact, he

had found it better than vetch for that

purpose. Mr. Rogers favored millet as a

cover crop and also suggeSted plans for

test plots by which one could determine

the fertilizers the orchard needed.





Harvesting and Packing.



W. G. Farnsworth, of I’Vaterville, Ohio.

gave a valuable talk on the harvesting

and packing of fruits. He stated that

we should prepare for the harvesting

time when we set the orchard. Varieties

should be selected so as they will not rip-

en at the same time. The trees should

be headcd low and the old trees should be

headed back to make picking easier and

less expensive. Twenty-foot ladders were

the longest used in this orchard. Thin-

ning he found to increase the quality of

the fruit and saved time and expense at

harvesting time. He preferred padded

baskets for picking as he found that the

fruit was less bruised than when picked

in bags. The time of harvesting depend-

ed upon the market. If for local market





or than for a distant market. If possi-

ble, Mr. Farnsworth never picked when

the Weather was hot and muggy. If he

did, he always put the fruit in crates and

left it in the packing sheds to dry and

cool. Honesty in packing, using attrac-

tive packages and advertising were very

strongly urged by Mr. Farnsworth. In the

discussion of this subject many interest-

ing things were brought Out. Grading

machines and the Sulzer law being the

most prominent. A discussion of pre-

pared Bordeaux, llme-sulphur, soluble

sulphur and other sprays was also inter-

esting. The general opinion was that pre-





 





the fruit could be left on the trees long- .





pared} Bordeaux was not advisable. Fav-

orable results with the soluble sulphur

were given. Home-made Bordeaux was

recommended for grapes and Russet ap-

ples. Lime-sulphur was the cause of

green Russets which would not sell as

well on the market as those with the

characteristic russet skin. Lime-sulphur

was preferred on apples, sour cherries

and European plums. Self-boiled lime-

sulphur was recommended as the only

safe summer spray for peaches.

Fruit Laws.



In the evening Mr. Smythe, of Benton

Harbor, explained the laws referring to

packing, which. were passed and put in

force during the past season. The great

trouble in enforcing the laWs, he stated

was the lack of power and public senti-

ment to back them up. He urged great-

er publicity of the laws and cited in-

stances showing the great need of putting

t-heSe laws in action. He also mentioned

the weaknesses of the present nursery

and orchard inspection laws, and after the

subject was thoroughly discussed Mr.

George Hawley was appointed as a com-

mittee of one to draft resolutiOns sug—

gesting changes in this law. These reso-

lutions and comment upon them, will be

given in a later issue.



Prof. Pettit, entomologist of the Agri-

cultural College, showed views of and

described the relatiOn of bees to fruit

growing. He also showed slides of the

tent caterpillar which has been quite- ser-

ious in the northern part of the state.

Prof. H. J. Eustace, horticulturist of the

college, also presented lantern slides of

Orchard and plant diseases which were

both interesting and instructive.



Mr. \V. D. Bugley, of Old Mission, op-

ened the Wednesday morning session with

a paper, “Fruit Growing on Sand by at

Sandy Farmer.” His talk showed what

grit and sand in a man will accomplish in

bringing a veritable sand dune to produc-

tiveness and profit. He did this by

chucking humus into the sand hills, and

then using other fertilizers. He started

by throwing cornstalks on the land and

turning them under. This he followed

with rye and later with vetc-h. While Mr.

Baglcy has accomplished much on this

land, he admitted that he would have pre-

ferred to buy land more fertile.



Prof. Eustace followed with a talk on

the future of the cherry indUStry. He

gave figures of the number of Montmor-

envcy cherry trees planted in the region

around Traverse City and also, by fig-

ures, suggested the size of the probable

rrop in a few years. It was plainly

shown that 3,000 or more pickers would

be required to pick the crop whicn would

have to be moved in about ten days. He

Suggested to the people of that vicinity

that they had a problem which they

should give serious consideration.



Financial Report.



During the business session which fol-

lowed, the financial report showed that

the society had a permanent fund of $81,-

000, of which $7,600 was of the T. T.

Lyon memorial fund, and $500 of the life

member fund. The interest on this amount

and the sum received from annual mcm-

berships 'has not been enough to carry

on the work of the society as has been

desired. During the time when the soci-

ety received the state appropriation nu-

merous auxiliary societies were organized

and through them a large number of

members at reduced rates were taken in.

So. While the society has a large mem-

bership the receipts from this source

have not been large. After some discus-

sion a motion was made and carried

which stated that only members of the

society be admitted to the meeting.



The strongest horticultural societies in

this country are run on this basis, and

they have found that their membership

has been held to normal and even in-

creased by this plan. The fact that meet-

ings were free -to all made it such that

many did not appreciate the programs.

The list of speakers the society chese has

often been superior to those of other like

societies where a higher membership was

charged and members only were admitted.



Election of Officers.



The election of officers which followed

resulted as follows:



President. J. Pomeroy Munson, Grand

Rapids; secretary, C. E. Bassett. Fenn-

ville; treasurer, Robert Smythe. Benton

Harbor; executive committee, Frank A.

Wilken, Detroit; 0. E. Ladd, Old Mis-

sion; J. E. Merritt, Manistee.



All of the above were re-elected ex-

cept the last two. Who are new members

on the executive board.





DEC. 13, 4 1913.





The. students speaking’ contest opened





the afternoon session. Without exception

the subjects were well selected, practical

and Well given.~ It‘ was very difficult for

the audience, who were the judges, to se-

lect the winners. The decision of the

hearers was as follows:



1st. Ernest Hart, of Rochester, N. Y..

whose subject was, “Does it Pay to Ren-

ovate Apple Orchards?”



2nd. J. A. Petrie, Kalamazoo, Mich..

who spoke of the shot-hole fungus of the

cherry.



3rd. A. L. Coons. Lowell, Mich.,whose

topic was, "Market preferences.”



The students‘ judging contest was won

by J. A. Petrie, with I. R. Notteware, of

Bellalre, second, and H. S. Bird, of Lan-

sing, and A. L. CoonS, tied for third.



Of the growers exhibiting at the fruit

ball, A. J. Rogers, of Beulah, got first

prize; E. W. Lincoln, of Greenville, sec-

ond, and F. H. Hemstreet, of Bellaire,

was awarded third.



The chief speaker of the Wednesday

afternoon session was Roland Morrill, fa-

mous for peaches, of BentOn Harbor, who

spoke on the present status of the peach

industry. In his very able presentation

which was interspersed with many terse

philosophical truths, he showed that in

Michigan we had nothing to fear from

competition of other peach growing dis-

tricts. Statistics showed that in the ag-

gregate, this state was heavily in the

peach business, but individually it was

not. He said that the Elberta. reigned

supreme in the peach business and wher-

ever it could be grown successzfully this

industry became of commercial import-

ance. The time of ripening of this va-

riety in this state gave us the advantage

over other parts of the country as that

time is the. usual canning time for the

housewives. Mr. Morrill made a special

plea for honesty in packing so that the

state could maintain an eager demand for

this fruit.



Banquet.



The annual banquet was held IVednes«

day evening in the church gymnasium

and was in charge of the ladies of the

church. After a m0st excellent physical

feast, Mr. R. H. Sherwood. of IVatervliet.

as toastmaster, started a mental feast in

which sense and nonsense were delight-

fully mixed. Mr. Sherwood is a born

toastmaster and the- list of speakers he

presented held the interest of those pres-

ent for over two hours. One thing Strong-

ly apparent, was the loyalty of the Trav-

erse City people who responded to toasts

to their part of the county. Such a. home

spirit is to be commended. When every-

one gives a boost something has to move

for the betterment of the locality.



Mr. Case, of New York, responded to

the toast, "Associated Effort,” and took

biblical times to illustrate the value of

such effort. Prof. Eustace spoke of the

Agricultural College and urged that all

be friendly to that institution. He invited

friendly criticism as well as encourage-

ment. Mr. Hart, a student at the college,

spoke on the subject of unified effort. In

his talk he paid high compliments to

Prof. Eustace and his ability as an ad-

visor and teacher. At the close of his

toast Mr. Hart called on the M. A. C.

men present to give the college yell, which

certainly well illustrated unified effort.



Mr. Farnsworth asked that we give

more attention to the human factor in

agriculture and strongly urged that we

give more attention to the most import-

ant crop of the county, the boys and

girls. Mr. Roland Morrill gave a short

sketch of his early experiences in the

peach business, which was full of value

and interest.



It was only after Mr. Sherwood accused

him of eating peas with his knife and

thereby giving the plant breeder, Mr.

Burbank, the inspiration to breed a.

square pea that Mr. Bassett, our Secre-

tary, consented to say anything. After

coming back at Mr. Sherwood in good

form he urged improvements in ourselves

and our way of doing things.



(Continued next week).





TROUBLE DEPARTMENT.





 





Inasmuch as the Michigan Farmer de-

sires to be of service to fruit grower and

farmer, we will gladly answer questions

on any phase of fruit growing; indeed. we

will deem it a pleasure if we can be of

assistance in solving any of the perplex-

ing problems which may appear in the

daily work of the fruit grower. Mr. Frank

A. Wilken, who has for the past eight

years been in charge of the South Haven

Experiment Station and who is now on

the Michigan Farmer staff, offers the

benefits of his practical and scientific

experience in fruit growing to subscribers.





 





 





“a-“
DEC. 13, 1913.





'THE' MICHIGAN ‘FARMER





AHSucccssful Orchard Renovator.





Old orchards of about fifty trees are

numerous. They are found on most all

farms, where they usually have such a

menial pOSition as being an eyesore to

the farm, serving as a place for some of

the farm “junk,” or as an exercise place

for hogs and other farm stock. “'ell car—

ed for and profitable farm orchards Of

this size are scarce, undoubtedly because

most people believe them too small to

bother with or too far gone to bring

back. So when a big success of this kind

is found, it is worthy of mention.



Frank Howard, of Be-rrien county, has

made such a success. When he bought

his farm it had the usual farm orchard

on'it which had about 54 trees in it. con-

sisting of Baldwins, Spys, ireenings and

Russets. Like most orchards of its kind,

it was a hopeless case, but Mr. Howard

is a firm believer in the possibilities of old

orchards and in the saying, “\Vhere there





reference to spraying, may seem too in-

tense [or the general orchardist to follow.

It might be a matter of argument as to

whether the extra sprayings he puts on

give enough difference in results to pay

for the trouble and expense they make.

However, when a man can show the re

sults Mr. Howard can, it leaves little

room for argument. as results are the

most convincing things a man can pre-

sent, The least that can he said of Mr.

Howard's method is that it pays better to

err on the side of being too thorough——

if such a thing is pessihle—than it does

to be just a little careless .in the work.

During the ten years~—1{|01-lSilO inclu-

sive—Mr. Howard‘s apples brought him

over $6,000, or a little more than $100 per

tree, and during the past seventeen years

his orchard has never failed to produce

a crop. Except in 1901, when his crop

amounted to 121 barrels, the figures have





 





 





A Strict Application of Scientific Principles to Production Brought Unusual Success

to Mr. Howard, of Berrien County.





is life there is hope,” so he started im-

mediately at the process of renovation.

As a result, 'he has made thg orchard

“come back,” made it pay him a good

profit, and has- brought fame upon him—

self iu the fruit district of the south-

western part of the state by his accom-r

plishment.



His first procedure was to give the or—

chard a heavy pruning. Ile~ literally'prun-

ed the daylight into the trees, many of

'the tops being cut back ten to twelve

feet. In this he took especial care to

make all of the cuts slanting so that the

water would drain off. and then thor-

oughly painted all the larger wounds.

This was a wise precaution on his part,

as due to the heavy cutting he did, many

of the wounds would otherwise have rot-

ted back. Water sprouts started freely

the first year; these he kept well thinned

out, leaving only those which were well

placed for branches. It was an average

of three years before most of these new

branches started bearing.



On the subject of spraying, Mr. How-

ard is a crank. . It was this fact, though,

that made it possible for him to get such

good results from his orchard. Like other

successful orchardists, he realized that

spraying is the most important factor in

both orchard renovation and the growing

of good fruit. For the first few years of

his orchard work he sprayed four times.

\Vhile he got very good results from that

number of sprayings, he wanted still bet»

tcr, so he increased the number of appli-

cations to seven, and during the past

nine years, he has sprayed eight times

each year. Mr. Howard is very particu-

lar about getting his spray on at the right

time, and will leave all other work to be

on the job when that time is at hand.



The usual lime-sulphur scale spray is

applied early in March. This is followed

by two applications of copper-sulphate

before the blossoming time. After the

blossoms drop, arsenate of lead alone is

used, as Mr. Howard believes that there

is little use for a fungicide at this time.

Ten days later he uses the lead and Bor-

deaux mixture. Other sprayings follow

at intervals 0f about two weeks. For the

control of the second brood of the codlin

moth he sprays twice, the first time

about August 1, and the second about

two weeks later. Mr. Howard has not

used lime-sulphur as a summer fungi-

cide, as he has had very satisfactory re-

sults With Bordeaux mixture.



Mr. Howard’s methods, especially "with





never been less than 225 barrels per year,

and have run as high as 732 barrels. This

maximum crop was raised in 1911, and

brought $1,830. For 1012 the crop was

2in barrels, netting $300, and the past

season's production was 500 barrels. which

netted him $1,325. The crops for the past

three years were from only forty trees,

as a few years ago Mr. Howard had to

cut out some of the old timers. A fact

that he should be proud of is that his ap-

ples have averaged him 90 per cent No.

1. One tree produced a crop of 281,9

standard barrels of apples in 1011. This

illustrates the productive possibilities of

old trees under good care.





The results Mr. Howard has attained

with his old trees show the possibilities

that are hidden in old neglected orchards,

and strongly suggest that many of us are

neglecting our opportunities by not tak-

ing care of these old farm orchards. It

also stands as an object lesson of what

perse-Verance and thoroughness can ac-

complish.





Cives or chives are not often seen in

the garden now, though they were com—

mon ennugh at one time. They are as

easily grown as grass. All that is re-

quired is to set them out and leave them

to care for themselves. They start to

grow as soon as spring opens and are not

long in pxoducing an abundant supply of

tender leaves which have, the llavor of

a mild onion.

rioty of ways. in soups, salads. or raw

like young onion tops. The top only is

used, the bulb being #111111] and unfit for





They can be used in a va-





anything except for propagation. Cives

make a pretty plant for a border. Grow-





ing thickly together, as they do, the tops

furnish a mass of pleasing green from

spring till fall. During the summer there

is a yield of pretty purple blossoms which

make cives worth growing for ornamental

purposes alone. A little ground devoted

to cives should give a good account of

itself.





Oakland Co. F. D. WELLS.





 





BOOK NOTICES.





 





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Gaylord Coulter. Ph.D. Cloth, 12mo. 480

pages, illustrated. A high school book

about the fundamentals of plant life and

about the relation between plants and

man. Price, $1.20. American Book Co.,





Chicago.





 





 





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South Bend Watches are hand-

some in appearance. too. Mod-

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And don’t forget to write for our

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pointers you ought to know.





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(199)





 





 





 





The Merrill 3. Morley Wa

Use an Eclipse Sxéra Pump.

Used by the U. . lgcpart- ’ "

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construction is perfect.

Illustrated catalogue free. '

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Station 6 Benton Illrhnr. Mich. ‘

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A natural fertilizer for soils deficient

in Phosphorus. Write for free book-

let A-12 and delivered prices.





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When Writinc to advertisers please mention The Michigan Farmer.
536—8





The Michigan F armer





W18“.





The Lawrence Publishing Co.





Editors and Proprietors. .

39 to 45 Congress St. West. Detroit. Michigan.

Tmmosn Hunt 625.

NEW YORK OFFICE—41 Park Bow.





Oalcnoo OFFICE—604 Advertising Building.

CLEVELAND OFFICE—101L101!) Oregon Ave.. N





 





........ ....President

......Vice-President





M. J. LAWRENCE...”

M. L.

.. ”Bed-Tress.





LAWRENCE ...... ..........

I. H. HOUGRTON.... ..





I. R. WATEBBUBY....................nun}

0. E YOUNG ?Associnte





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n H. HOUGHTON..................Buelnesl Manager





 





 





TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:





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Canadian subscriptions 50¢ a year extra. for postage

Always send money by draft. postoffice money order,



registered letter or by express. We will not be re.



sponsible for money sent in letters. Address all com.



municstions to. and make all drafts oheoksysnd post.



oflloe orders payable to. the Lawrence Publishing Co.





 





RATES OF ADVERTISING:



40 cents per line agate measurement. or $5.60 per

inch. each insertion. No adv't inserted for less than

$1.20 or insertion.



(1:? o lottery. quack doctor or swindling advertise-

ments inserted at any price. _ .



Entered as second class matter at the Detrmt. Mich-

igan. postofiice.





COPYRIGHT l9l3

by the Lawrence Pub. Go. All persons are warned

against reprinting any portion of the contents of

this issue without our written permission.





 





 





 





WE GUARANTEE to stop THE MICHIGAN

FARMER immediatly upon expiration of time sub-

scribed for. and we will pay all expenses for defending

my suit. brought against any subscriber to The Mich-

igan Farmer by the publisher of any term paper.

which has been sent after the time ordered has expired.





providing due notice is sent to us. before suit is started;





 





DETROIT, DEC. 13, 1913.





 





 





 





YOUR OWN TRADE PAPER FIRST!





 





This is the season when every farmer

Should select his reading matter for the

coming year. During the next few months

he will have more leisure time to devote

to reading and study them during the bal-

ance of the year, and that time should

be improved to the best possible advan-

tage. If it is so improved it will add to

the profit, not only of next year‘s funn-

ing campaign, but to the work of suc-

ceeding years as well, thus making the

winter season. from the standpoint of ac-

tual results, the most productive in the

Way Of remuneration for personal cffort

of all the year for the farmer who works

with his head as well its his hands. In

preparing for this season of study the

first step should be to subscribe for your

own trade paper, the publication which

devotes its energy exclusively to the needs

of the farmers living in a limited field of

circulatiou, thus making the matter pub—

lished of immediate and certain interest

to the fnrmet's in that pi'cscribcd terri-

tory. The lilichigan Farmer is a trade

paper published exchwively for Michigan

farmers and devotcd entirely to their in-

terests and needs it concentration which

is impractical for the paper seeking gen-

eral circulation throughout the country.

It will contain only matter of interest to

Michigan readers. and helpful to them in

the study of Michigan agriculture. It is

the Michigan farmer‘s owu trude paper,

and the 50 cents invested in a year‘s sub-

scriptiori will be the best investment any

Michigun farmer can make with a View

of increasing his profits or bettering his

prospects for the coming year.





 





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





A n important ac-





Sheep Breeders Tackle tion was taken by





the Dog Question. several of the

national s h c, e p



breeders’ associations at their meetings

held at Chicago last week, in the ap-





pointment of a joint committee to con-

sider the dog problem und rccoinmend

adequati- legismtion which will be sought

in the several states. A joint committee

of this kind, composwl of men represent-

ing the several national sheep breeders'

associations will not only bring to the

solution of this vexed question the ex-

perience of different states. but will, as

well. form the neucleus of u powerful in-

fluence in forcing desirable and uniform

legislation on this subject in the several

states where the sheep industry is con-

stantly menaced by the dog nuisance.

The depredations of dogs have ever

been a menace to the sheep industry, and

they have seemed to increase, rather

than decrease, under modern conditions.

Under our lawS. as under the laws of





most states, partial compensation can be

secured by the owner of shcep which are

killed by dogs. but this is secured only

after much delay and difficulty and then

does not compenPute the owner of the

flock for anything like the damage done.





T H E MIC H I GA N FA KM E R





Nor "does it bring back the sheep. and in

too many cases it does not even dispose

of the dog or dogs responsible for the

damage. Various remedies have been sug-

gested and laws have been proposed for

the betterment of present conditions, but

they have been ineffective because there

was no united influence behind them.

This movement will supply that force and

should enable the sheep owners of the

cOuntry to secure the passage of laws in

the several states which will afford ade-

quate protection for their flocks.



Preventive, rather than remedial meas-

ures are needed, and until these are ap-

plied through adequate legislation, sheep

owners will be morally justified in apply-

ing direct and effective preventive treat-

ment to trespassing degs.





Another important

Live Stock Freight action taken by the

Bates. national breeders’





asr‘ociations meet—



ing in Chicago during the International,

was the pledging of funds, as suggested

by the National Association of Record

Societies, for the presentation to the In-

terstate Commerce Commission of a- pe-

tition for a Change in live stock rates and

shipping contracts, particularly as relat-

ed to less than ctirload shipments. Under

present rates and regulations shippers are

required to sign a contract in which the

animals shipped are given a nominal val-

uation in order to get the minimum rate

for shipment. If full valuation is given,

the rate is automatically increased to an

amount which is out of all proportion to

the item of insurance against accident

necesfarily assumed by the carrier, and

the additional rate bccomcs a heavy bur-

den 0n the shipper. In tho past the courts

of several states have held that inasmuch

as this constituted a forced or compul-

sory contract it was not binding as

against loss from accidental injury for

which the carrier was responsible. Re—

cently, however. the Federal Supreme

Court has held that the contract is bind-

ing and that no more than the stated

valuation can he recovered in the event

of loss from any cause.

In View of this final

the 121w as applied to the present live

stock shipping conti'act the national

breeders’ associations have pooled their

interests in an attempt to get needed ac—

tion by the Interstate COmmerce Com-

mission to relieve this condition. This is

but another example of the benefits to

be derived from effective organization. It

is quite certain tllllt individualishippers

would find it much more difficult to se-

cure a needed reform of this kind than

will the association 0f the organizations

with which they are affiliated. \Vliut

true in this case is equally true in any

other line of effort in which farmers may

be interested. The “answer" is more

effective organization all along the line.





interpretation of





is





The tendency of the

day toward organi—

zation is perhaps

more clearly shown

in the organization of associations to pro-

mote certain staple crops, than in any

other line of agricultural effort. During

the progent year at least two such organ-

izations have been successfully launched.

The first of these was the National P0-

tato Associzvtion. organized to promote-

an improvoment in every phase of potato

growing and marketing. This organiza-

tion was headed by men of national rep—

utation in this line. which gave it a

standing which has been productive of

early results. Already Michigan potato

growers have organized an auxiliary os-

sociation, as reported in a recent issue of

the Michigan Farmer, and beneficial re-

sults seem sure to follow in our state,

where the potato is an important cash

CI‘OD.



Last week a similar organization was

effected at a Inccting in Chicugo to pro-

mote thc growing of alfalfa throughout

the country. This is called the National

Alfalfa .lrowers' Association, and well

known farmers and educators are includ~

ed in its list of officers and directors.

Among the directorate are included the

names of Dr. Eben Mumford, State Loud-

er of Farm Management and Field Stud-

ies. and Colon C. Lillie, of Michigan. The

aim of this organization, according to the

constitution adopted. is “to create a more

gencral interest in the growing and use

of alfalfa; encourage its study as s. for-

age crop. and that its great value to; farm

conditions in the United States may be

more fully understood; to determine mere

economical ways of handling and feeding

alfalfa, and to hold meetings that will

encourage and better alfalfa growers."

These are certainly worthy objects, and

much good sh0u1d come from the activi-

ties of an organization of this kind.





N atlonal Crop Asso-

clations.





It is a matter for congratulatir ) that





the farmers of Michigan will gain a; dim

rect benefit from two national organiza-

tidns of this kind which have been pro-

moted within the year. That such a ben-

efit will accrue can hardly be doubted by

anyone who has an adequate appreciation

of the relation of these two crops to the

prosperity and perpetuity of our agricul-

ture.



One of the interest-

ing features of the

recent meeting of

the Michigan State Association of Farm-

ers' Clubs consisted of an address by a

representative city “thinker" and a talk

by a. representative farmer in the same

class. Each speaker was entirely frank

in his expression as to how the average

man in his claSS viewed those in the oth-

er class, and how he looked at some of

the Problems which are of interest to

both, but which are viewed from different

angles by each.



The unbiased listener to these address-

es and the discussion which followed

them, could not but be impressed with

the fact that class differences of opinion

between intelligent people are more gen-

erally due to a misunderstanding of the

premises than to a difference in the stan-

dard of honesty or righteousness of the

people themselves. It is a good thing for

people as a class, as well as individuals

to have an occasional opportunity to see

themselves in the other fellow’s mirror.

The reflection will have a. wholesome, if

not altogether pleasing effect.



Perhaps in the ultimate solution of the

problems of distribution, which are now

engaging the attention of producers and

consumers alike. some plan will be evolved

which bring these two great economic

classes into closer touch and enable each

to better appreciate the difficulties to be

met and overcome as well as the advan-

tages enjoyed by the others. Any agency

which will bring thinking city people and

progressive country people together and

contribute to a better common under-

standing of each other’s point of view

on economic, social and civic problems,

will be helpful toward their right solution.

It is undoubtedly a good thing for the

members of any farmers' organization to

Occasionally listen to the views of their

city brother, and vice versa.





“As Others See Us."





In another column of

this issue the ques-

tion, "W'hat consti-

in farming?" is asked. and

answered from the standpoint of one

prominent farmer. Just now this question

is engaging the attention of the Bureau

of Farm Management. of the U. S. De-

partment of Agriculture. and a survey of

rcpresentative farms is being made in

different sections of the country to de-

tel‘minc. if pussiblc, whether the average

farm returns a profit, and if so. how

much. This survey has included a num-

ber of farms in a representative Michigan

community, and while the results have

not yet been made public it has been in-

timated by some who are familiar with

the situation that they will not be alto-

gether flattering to our agriculture.



If, when viewed from the standpoint of

the average farm, farming is not an

especially profitable business, this Should

be no cause for discouragement. Neither

merchandising or manufacturing or

commerce. In fact, there are a greater

percentage of absolute failure-s in other

lines thun is the case with farming. yet

thcre are many notable successes as well.

The same is true with farming. profit in

which dcpendS, perhaps to an even great-

er extcnt upon the personal equation. not-

withstanding the many factors involved

over which the farmer has no control.

This is. indeed, an intereSting stud and

one which each and everyone of us can

pursue with profit.





Profit in Farming.





tutes profit





is





HOW MANY DO YOU KNOW?





 





Here is a little lesson in advertising

and phychology.



Turn through this paper and see what

percentage of the advertisers you have

ever noticed before. Mos-t of them have

been appenringin this paper for some

time. many of them for yearS.



The things we see casually make little

or no impression upon us. Most of these

advertisements have pasSed under your

eye at some time. but have left no mark

on your memory.



Try the suggeStion and see what is

your percentage of acquaintance.





 





Now is a good time to send in your re-

newal order for Michigan Farmer, as your

order can be- given more prompt atten-

tion than during the big rush about Jan.

1. Make your order for five years—4t is

only $2.00—end it will save you the trou-

ble and expense of remitting each year.





 





. 45.:

*5 5





D‘Eigny’ 1913"" i A





 





«Anemone or. THELWEEK:





National.





Wireless telegraph is probably to be

credited with another saving of human

life. On Sunday morning 197 persons were

taken from the steamer Rio Grande by‘

the steamer Swanmore of! the coast of

Virginia while the former boat was on

fire and thought to be in great danger.

The Swanmore was brought to the dis-

tressed vessel by means of a. wireless

message.



Three men were slain in the copper

strike zone Sunday morning. While the

assassins have not been apprehended it is

the general opinion that their crime was

instigated by agitators and Several ar-

rests have been made. The victims were

shot while sleeping in a boarding house.

They were employed by the mining com-‘

panies.



Montgomery Ward, mum-millionaire,

and father of the mail order business,

died at his home in Highland Park, 111..

Sunday, following an injury sustained on

a running board of an automobile two

years ago. He was 70 years of age. His

continuous fight since 1887 to keep the

Chicago lake front free from occupation

by cemmercial concerns, and as a. place

of beauty. won him the name of “Watch.

dog of Chicago’s Lake Front.”



There are reasons to believe that the

state of'New Jersey will establish an

innovation in progressive legislation by

inaugurating a new state board of rev-

enue for the purpose of revising the tax-

ation methods of the state and placing

the spending of the funds under the

management of experts. The scheme will

be carefully watched should the Legisla-

ture of that state adopt the plan in its

present form.



The cold wave was felt keenly over the

north central states Sunday. At Chicago

the temperature dropped 32 degrees. ac-

companied by high winds and snow.

Cleveland again suffered from the bliz-

zard. the wind reaching a velocity of 48

miles an heur. Fortunately most of the

boats on the great lakes were in port.



Texas residents along the Brozas val—

ley have suffered from floods the past

fortnight. It is estimated that from 700

to 1000 persons are homeless as the result

of the high waters. The cold wave has

intensified the suffering.



It has been decided by the treasury de-

partment at “'ashington that only such

persons as come under the provisions of

the income tax law will be required to

make a report to the government on the

amount of their income. The officials do

not deny their right to ask all persons

to make reports. but agreed that such a.

procedure would entail too much unnec-

essary and expensive clerical work.



The big snow storm which swept Col-

orado laSt week has been unequaled in

the memory of the oldest citizens. From

different sources it is reported that 40

persons have died the result of exposure

and other causes indirectly due to the

storm. The snow ranges from three to

eight feet in depth. Traffic of all kinds is

at a standstill. There is prospect for a

coal famine. Schools, theaters and busi-

ness in general have been suspended.



Col. Theodore Roosevelt; who is making

a tour of South America, arrived in Bu-

ciios Aires December 4.



“'hile affairs in Indianapolis are some-

what relieved from the hardships brought

on by the strike of the teamsters of that

city. matters between the drivers and

their employers have not been adjusted.



Foreign.



Mrs. Emmeline Pankhurst, the English

Suffragette. who recently returned to

England from a lecture tour of the Uni-

ted States and was arrested upon arrival,

has again been released following a hun-

ger strike.



Last Week the rebels of Mexico cap-

tured Chihuahua, the capital of the Mex-

ican state by the same name. After driv-

ing the federal forces from the citya com-

mand was directed to capture the entire

federal army before the latter succeeded

in reaching the border of the 1[,"nited

States. This rebel success. together with

others. seems to make the situation in

that country more favorable to the rebel

following, a. conclusion that is further

Substantiated by reports that Huerta is

preparing to leave the country on short

notice.



Political conditions in Germany are dis-

turbed. Recently the government failed

to secure the confidence of the rcichstag

by the overwhelming vote of 293 to 54.

This attitude of the legislative body will

probably mean the downfall of Chancellor

Hollwcg and his government.



Earthquake shocks have again been

felt in the province of Aymareas. of the

southern part of Peru where a month ago

200 lives were lost during a series of MS-

turbances. Details of the extent of the

latest shock have not been received but

it is believed that further loss of prop-

erty and lives has resulted.



Elections are to be- held in Santo Do-

mingo, December 15, and there ‘is some

apprehension on the part of officials at

\Vashington as to the posSJible outcome of’

the bitter political contest now on.



The situation in Ireland seems to be

increasing in seriousness. It is claimed

that both the Ulster and the Irish adher-

ents are preparing for the worst, and to

keep a better hand on the situation the

British government has issued a procla-

mation prohibiting the importation of

arms into the island. On the other hand,

the acceptance by Premier Asquith of the

Suggestions of Sir Edward Carson—that

the settlement by the government will not

be humiliating to Ulster. that Ulster’s

treatment will not be different than that

meted out to other parts of the United

Kingdom, that Ulster may retail full pro-

tection of the imperial parliament and

that the home rule bill must not be such-

as to lead to the ultimate separation of

Ulster from Great Britain—the accept-

ance of» these suggestions is counted 3

long step toward the peaceful settlement

of the political crisis now awaiting the

definite action or the administration.
g:

:





 





 





 





Maga





LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY ma

INFORMATION





 





 





a





, _ __ .. . , . .. .L ...._.-.,....- -....._.._..-._..._._.__._.___._—~_





 





ine Sectio





a





 





 





‘17": FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC «ma

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





 





 





'l‘liis Magazine Section forms a part of our paper every week.





Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





 





 





Finding a Fortune in Fly Farming.





By HOWARD C. KEGLEY.





probably be called if her plan had

not worked out successfully. Dream-

er she was, no doubt, for that is what

new-departurists are generally termed.

Certain it is, thOugh, that when Miss

Ximena McGlashan, a California girl of

18, laid aside her Normal school diploma,

abandoned her plan to teach, and under-

took butterfly farming, she started some-

thing exceedingly worth while and uncov-

ered a surprisingly rich "pay streak."

Miss McGlashan took hold of the idea

June 1:"), 1912, and on the first day of the

following month she shipped 1,500 moths

and butterflies, and received $75 for them.

During the next ten weeks she shipped





a IRCASTLE architect she would





 





Method of taking Moth in Cyanide Bottle.





10,400 specimens to market at a flat rate

of five cents each. That lot added $52

to her bank account.



Numerous markets for butterflies have

developed Since this little California girl

went into the business, but she sells

nearly all of her output to one customer—a

a wealthy eastern physician who is re-

puted to have the largest and most val-

uable private collection of butterflies in

the world. This man has offered Miss

Aft-Glashan, for her 1913 crop. more than

an average bank' president‘s salary.



Since the day this little butterin farm-

erette set out in pursuit of winged beau-

ties with which to capitalize her ranch,

high up on the side of. the Sierra Nevadas,

she has converted her ener-

gies into profits which have

averaged over $50 per week,

and this year her Weekly in—

come, is seems certain, will

be nearly twice that amount.

Moreover, since she took up

the business her efforts have

been so noteworthy that hun-

dreds of people in all parts

of the country—mot only

'here, but in Europe, too—

have adopted the idea, and

many have already establish-

ed themselves in the business.



"Fly" farming might have

come into its own long- ago

had not the few who knew

how to handle the winged

beauties bottled up their in-

formation and kept it hidden

from the outside world.

When Miss McGlashan tack-

led it she sought expert ad-

vice. Failing to get it, she

went to the library and bor-

rowed “Poole’s Index,” the

“Butterfly Book" and the

“Moth Book.” With these





Female Moths are fed‘ Plant Leaves while Laying Eggs





Examining





Feeding Larvae in Bottles, Jars,





 





 





 





 





Eggs in Test-tubes to see if any have hatched.





 





in Paper Bags.





authorities at hand she made a quick t'X-

cursion into butterflyland. It didn‘t take

her long to solve the mysteries of the

game, and. she is now “one too many” for

the entomological few who were her

stumbling blocks in the beginning. Also,

she has found it pleasant and profitable.





As soon as she found that the idea was

worth while this girl began passmg the

good word along. Too generous to keep

a “fat find” to herself, she gave many in-

terested persons the key to her success.

and today there are ambitious butterfly

farmers all over the land. In the past

ten months Miss McGlashan has received

letters from 860 people who have de-

clalred their intention of going into the





 





Packing the Butterflies for Shipment.





business. in one morning‘s mail, not a

great while ago, she received letters from

interested parties in Mississippi, Missouri,

Arkansas, New Mexico and. far-away

Italy. Also a. money order for a parcel

post shipment of specimens.



’lflieorctit-ally, “lly” farming~ sounds like

an occupation doomed to disaster in any

place less sacred and Ft‘i‘liltit‘d than the

(latticn 0f lCdvn. hut in rial hot it is

Dl‘iulli‘dl in every phase.





MiSs )lct'llashan's farm i> a smni-pcr-

pendicular hit of acreage, mile—high. and

W011 suited for an airship union depot





site, insofar as altitude is concerned. Last

winter there were eXt-iting‘ ski-races and

Olljtll'aiiie ice-skating tournaments in the

valley below her hearthsidc,





 





 





Boxes and Barrels, offering various Plant Foods to learn Preference.





and outside lllt' walls of her

buttci‘lly incubator house

three feet of snow lay on the

ground for many weeks. So

it is perfectly safe to say that

what this young woman has

aet-omplishrd in California

others can do most anywhere

south of Baffin Bay.



Moreovm‘, the enterprise

offers almost unlimited p08-

sihilities. livery fence cor-

ner, pond—edge and hog—wal—

low in the land affords its

butterflies l‘lVi‘l'y orchard

has its moths. lilundrods of

specimens lurk in every vale,

on every hill, and it is pos—

sible for enterprising persons

to convert this hitherto wast-

ed material into perfectly

good money. Briefly, Miss

McGlashan hands over the

key to her success, in a par-

agraph:



“There isn’t much to be

made by catching butterflies

and selling them. One muSt
538410 ,





farm theta-for profit. Catch hundreds

and raise hundreds of thousands!"



The wisdom of her words is evident, for

the average female butterfly deposits from

100 to 300 eggs during its laying period.



By day Miss McGlashan catches “flies"

with a net. She gathers eggs, larvae and

cocoons from trees, flowers and shrubbery

at night. Female “flies" she distinguish-

es from males by the shape of their bod-

ies. The female is round, and fat with

eggs. The body of the male is slender,

and ordinarily terminates with a tuft of

feathers.



Stocking the farm is a simple task. It

may be done quickly by the sugaring

process. .



Mixing one quart of stale lager beer,

one quart of dark brown sugar and one-

half pint of Jamaica rum, the butterfly

farmer takes a whitewash brush, or an

old broom, and starts over her sugar

route along the Truckee river, smearing

the mixture on trees, fences, stumps and

out-buildings. White cloth, sugared and

tacked to trees, will often attract speci-

mens which cannot be caught in any oth-

er way. Summer and early fall are the

best seasons for sugaring.



As dusk deepens the farmer begins

searching for “files." which term includes

both butterflies and moths: If there is

much wind the “flies" will seek the shelt-

ered side of their haunts, so it is well to

note the direction of the wind before sug-

aring a route.



The main things needed in sugaring are

cyanide bottles, entomological forceps, a

carbide miner‘s lamp, and some paper

bags.



Take a strong bullseye lantern, ap-

proach the sugaring district at nightfall,

blind the “flies” with the light, and then

capture them by holding a wide-mouthed

cyanide bottle under them and tapping

them on the head with the forceps until

they fall.



Cyanide is a powerful anaesthetic, and

in such cyanide bottles as any druggist

can rig up or such as can be easily home-

made after the know-how is extracted

from a butterfly book, the “flies” can be

carried for about 15 minutes, at the end

of which time they must be removed, else

they will succumb. It is well to have

one big bottle for a “morgue.”



After capturing numerous specimens,

pour them upon a paper and s0rt them.

Place the damaged females in paper bags

for breeding purposes, liberate the dam-

aged males, and imprison the perfect

specimens in the “morgue" for sale stock.



The work of mounting specimens is

easy. Sheet cork or linoleum may be

glued into cigar boxes, and the “flies"

may be fastened therein by means of

long, entomological pins manipulated by

'the forcepS. Never handle a specimn

by hand. To do sowill render it unsal-

able. Pack the cigar boxes with excel-

sior so they will ship safely.



To catch caterpillars at night, spread

newspapers or sheets under the bushes

and beat the greenery with a stick. Place

the catch in jars and assist them in tak-

ing nature’s course to butterflyland.



Captive female butterflies will lay only

when confined in gauze or paper bags con-

taming their particular kind of plant food.

Females should be fed each day with bits

of dried apple soaked in honeyed and sug-

ared water. Moths will deposit their eggs

inside any box or bag. Place the eggs in

test—tubes kept securely corked, and ex-

amine Inicr0scopically each day. Being

impervious to cold, the eggs will keep for

a long time. They should be kept in a

cool place during the winter months, so

that they Will not hatch until their plant

foods are ready for them.



Caterpillars will breed in a fruit or

candy jar or a big barrel over which cloth

can be stretched. Three inches of dirt

or leaf mold should cover the bottom of

each such caterpillar hatchery, and suit-

able plant food should be fed to the lar-

vae each day. Some will eat one thing

and some will choose the opposite. Intro-

duce into the test-tubes, jars or barrels,

bits of various kinds of plant leaves till

their favorite food is discovered. Then

feed that. The reading of a book on but-

terflies. the exercise of common senSe in

handling “flies” and eggs, and the pa-

tience to experiment for a few weeks,

will make a butterfly farmer out of any

earnest amateur.



.Says Miss McGlashan:



“Scientific study is not necessary at

first. SOme very successful “fly” farmers

do not know the names of the insects

they capture. At my home, nearly 7,000

feet above those whoare on the level, I

developed “flies” into a’profltable enter-

prise. Dollars may simply be plucked

. from bushes in my line of work. Master





[‘T H [E’ M $1 CHIG‘





the financial and experimental, side of the

industry, and-study‘the- Scientific side of

it during the winter, when your stock is

hibernating."



Last fall when three feet of snow put





her farm in cold storage, Miss McGlash-'





an had more than 20,000 moth and but-

terfly eggs stored in the cellar. They

hatched last spring. She has taken-more

than 100 larvae from a single bush in ten

minutes, has caught as many as 600

“flies" in a night, and has hatched more

than 500 “fly" eggs in a day. On her

mile-high farm she raises several kinds

of butterflies and one variety of beetles

that bring $5 per specimen.



Any druggist. or an entomological book

will explain the making of a cheap cy-

anide equipment. The remainder of the

“fly” farmer's outfit is inexpensive, and

easy to acquire. A “net” may be made

with a loop of number nine wire, a tin

ferule and a bamboo handle, and a net

made of bobinet or other light, gauzy

material. The cost of a butterfly-farm-

ing outfit is summed up as follows:





Material for net ..... , ....... .........$ .10

1 sq. foot inSect cork for boxes. . . . . . .25

1 gal. sugaring mixture ...... . . . . . . . . .50

1 pair entomological forceps. . . . . . . . . . .50





'1 pound of lantern carbide. . . . . . . . . .10

1 dozen small test tubes for eggs. . . .. .25,

1,000 entomological pins . . . . . . .. 1.25

1 Baldwin miner's lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.00





Total





Where to find a market for “files" is

the easiest question to answer. Miss Mc-





.Glashan could sell all of her crop to one





buyer if she chose to do so. Last win-

ter a justly-famous Philadelphia depart-

ment store paid 50‘ cents each for 500

winged beauties to liberate in a. window

display of dress goods. The big tourist

hotels gladly buy specimens to liberate in

their dining-rooms on special occasions.

Fashionable society clamors for them to

use in decorating for various kinds of

social functions. Jewelry manufacturers

buy them by the thousands for use in

making ”butterfly jewelry," and “files"

for this purpose need not be absolutely

perfect, either. Aside from the markets

herein mentioned, colleges and prepara-

tory schools purchase countless speci-

mens for laboratory work.



Butterfly farming threatens to develop

into a very extensive as Well as profitable

business. It is practically a “new wrink-





le” on the face of the earth.





 





Peggy to the Rescue.





By ALTA LAWSON LITTELL.





 





kicking a frozen clump ‘of earth sav-



agely as he hurried along to school.

“Just let ‘him come late once more, that’s

all. Just let him.”



“\Vhat did father tell you about taking

care of your shoes,” reproved Peggy,

“and what’ll you do if he is late?"



“What’ll we do?“ threatened Jack.

“You just wait and see what we fellows’li

do. We’ll lay for him after school and

settle with him. Here' we’ve missed our

Friday half-holiday for four weeks new

just on account of that Hunky being late

a morning each week. \Vhy can’t he

come on time like us Americans? He

knows we’ll get the half day off if no one

is absent or tardy; we boys explained it

all to him. Yet he just deliberately loses

it for us every week. We might forgive

him once or twice, but this thing has

gone far enough.”



“Oh, Jack, you wouldn‘t hurt him would

you?” pleaded Peggy, anxiously. ”He

looks scared all the time. Besides, you

know what Miss Goodrich said about Am-

erica’s being the home of the oppressed

and the melting kettle of the natiOns."



“Oh, no, we won't 'hurt him any," jeer-

ed Jack“ “VVe’ll just give him a sack of

candy and a bouquet and ask him if he

won't please try to do better next time.

XVe’ll make that young foreigner think

that oppression is out of date with us and

that we don’t intend to be downtrodden

by fellows that can‘t get to school on

time. What business has he here, any-

way, in Bud Simmons’s home?”



“He isn’t to blame if Bud Simmons’s

father lost his farm,” said Peggy. “You

know father said if Bud's father had been

as thrifty as this foreigner and hadn't been

swapping horses all the time he never

would have lost the farm."



“Well, anyway, we’re not going to lose

anot-her half—holiday on that Jo Konarz'

account,” said Jack. “America for the

Americans, I say." He raced off shout-

ing, "Hi, there, Bill,” to a boy who had

just come out of a farm house ahead of

them, entirely forgetting that his own

grandfather had left County Cork just 60

years .ago with his extra socks tied up in

a handkerchief.



All through the day’s session Peggy’s

eyes kept wandering to the stolid faced

Jo who 'had just come among them. He

was the one strange element in the school

and the children could not get used to

his odd ways, broken English, and the

way he shrugged his shoulders and spread

out his hands when he could not under-

stand them. In fact. they had made no

particular effort to understand him or to

make him understand them. Wibh the

heartlessness. of extreme youth they sim-

ply ignored him. partly because he was

foreign and partly because they resented





IT’S the last time,’ said Jack darkly,





his being there in the place of their dear-

1y beloved' Bud Simmons. Peggy. alone,

had grasped dimly the meaning of the

talk Miss Goodrich gave on America’s op-

portunity, and wondered if there was not

some opportunity for actionright there in

the Eaton school.



She, Watched Jo stump off down the

road at night, his impassive face giving

no sign that he saw the dark looks of the

boys or heard their shouts of “Hunky,"

“Beet-Weeder," “Spoil-Sport." Peggy

and a few of the girls tried to stop the

shouts but for the most part the girls

urged the boys to “get even.”



“I suppose the boys wouldn’t kill him.”

mused Peggy. “they wouldn't even dare

to hurt him very much, but they might

scare him SO he wouldn’t come to school

and it would be too bad for him not to

learn our language. I wonder if I could

do Something. You’re always reading

about someone doing something in a

story, but when it comes right down to

doing it, that’s another story. I wonder

if I talked to him if it would do any

good? Jack said they explained to him,

but I know how boys explain to each

other. I'll bet they told him they’d blimp

his head if he was late again, and that

scared him or made him mad SO he

doesn’t care. Women and girls are ever

So much more tactful,” she concluded

sageiy. “I believe I’ll try."



W'ith this virtuous intention Peggoty

broke into a trot.



'But Jo. on looking over his shoulder

and seeing a girl running after him, took

to 'his heels and soon disappeared in his

father's barn. Peggy, though distressing-

ly timid at.heart, never flinched from a

thing she had decided she ought to do,

and was not to be beaten. She turned

into the yard, called Jo two or three

times and. when he did not come out.

knocked on the kitchen door which she

had so often entered when Bud Simmons

lived there. The door opened a crack and

Mrs. KOnarz peered out.



“Good morning—I mean good after-

noon," said Peggotty, politely. “I called

to ask why Jo can’t get to school on

time?”



But Mrs. Konarz only stared and gave

the shrug with which Jo so often favored

the schooL '



“Stupid,” thought Peggy; "I knew she

couldn’t speak a. word of American, and

there’s that Jo peeking out at me through

a crack in the barn and I supp05e- he

won’t budge a step till I leave. Yes, he

shall, too,” she vowed determinedly. “We

Americans have never been beaten yet by

foreign rebels and I'm not going to begin."



Turning to the barn she pointed and

said, “Jo." Mrs. Konarz evidently un-





derstood that her son was within and

could serve as interpreter, so she opened





,.

I





*DEC'. 13.193. , .,





the door and, poured forth’a flood or lan-





guage. that left Peggy standing in brea’th-w





less admiration and brought Jo‘ sulklly

forth. Then, having further addreSsed

her son at length, Mrs. Konarz slammed

the door apparently well-satisfied with her

efforts.



Now that she was face to face with the

boy, Peggotty didn’t know how to begin.

She had never talked to him, for, though

she was determined enough once she had

made- up her mind to a thing, she was

naturally shy. She almost decided to

offer him the apple left in her dinner pail

and take to her heels. Then she'COnsid-

ered how silly that would be and stood

her ground. “Why can’t you get to school

on time. Jo?” she began.



Jo regarded her stupidly and shrugged

his shoulders.



“Dear me, now he’s going to be con-

trary, like he is with Miss Goodrich

sometimes,” thought Peggy. “I know he

understood me, and he’s just got to an-

swer."



Then began a battle ‘of wills, the deter-

mined, quick—witted little American girl,

against the ignorantly stubborn, slow-

m-inded Hungarian lad. Jo, suspecting

a plot in everything, fearing everyone of

this alien race, was determined to- say

nothing which would incriminate him.

Peggy, anxious to save this boy a drub-

bing if she could do it, was determined to

show him that 'he must get to school on

time. More than once Peggy. exasperat-

ed by Jo's stubbornness and the irritat-

ing shrugging of his shoulders, was on

the point of giving up and letting the bOys

settle with him. But she had a strong

streak of that same stubbornness herself,

and was enough of a dreamer to want to

carry out those vague ideals which had

been planted by Miss Goodrich's earnest

talk on the duty of America to her adopt-

ed children. In the end, the better

trained mind conquered and it was avery

much excited Peggy who dashed into her

own kitchen an hour later to explain her

tardiness to her mother and Jo’s similar

failing to Jack, all in the same breath.



”He has to milk eight cows and his

father is sick in bed and there’s the pigs

and the horses to take care of. I stopped

to see why Jo was late to school, mother

dear, and if you boys dare to touch him,

I'll have father tend to you, so there!”

she panted. “You ought to be ashamed

of yourself to pitch into a poor bOy who

is anxious to learn our language and only

has cabbage soup to eat at night, Jack

Ryan.

to know.”



“Aw, how did we know he had so much

to do," said Jack crossly. “He never

talks to us.”



“I guess he talks to you as mudh as

you talk to him," said Peggy. “I’ll Set

the table as soon as I wash my hands,

mumsy." And, humming “My country,

'tis of thee.” Peggy hustled about the

kitchen making up for lost time.



It was with much satisfaction that Peg-

gy heard Jack- at the ’phone as she dried

the supper dishes. .



"I say, Bill, we’ll have to call off that

battle with the foreigner,” he said. “Peg

stopped there tonight and he's in bad

luck. His father is sick and he has all

the chores to do. Don’t get anything to

eat but cabbage soup, either, Peg says.

Can you beat it?"



There was a pauSe; then, “Sure I could

help with_the milking. You call up some

of the other fellows and we’ll meet there

tomorrow morning at seven o’clock. That

ought to get him around on time. So

long.”



"Well, we're sure of one Friday after-

noon," mused Peggy in the kitchen. And

she dried the dishes with a satisfied

smile.



_ Editor’s Note—This is the first number

in a series of young folks’ short stories.

Make the acquaintance of thOSe interest-

ing characters. Jack and Peggy, prepara-

tory to enjoying the second number—a.





Christmas tale-Which Wil .

next iSSue. 1 appear in the





 





 





THE GREAT GIFT.





 





BY ARTHUR w. PEACH.

Theresislfa gift that each must give him-

e .





Gold cahnot buy it for it has no price'

It does not fade with ’

.earth years; it makes of



For one who has it a small paradise.





Wise is he who gives himself this gift

When he .15 young, for joy it can impart

To all his life and others who know him:

It is a. simple gift—a sunny heart!

_ _

CHANTIOLEER AND SIR REYNARD.





 





BY Anonzo man.





Who closes eyes. ill luck will sure b id

When he should keep them open;etbu$;:

Worse luck attends on him who opens





W de

His mouth when he should keep it shut!





 





 





 





 





What is this country for, I’d like -





~....,.-..-,, ,.,.a 7 /.,._





. 7",,“ a“...

I
‘ Corn-stalk





 





DEC. ' 13, 1913.





Furniture for





THE M:1c.H._I.GA.N».F.A RMzEsR -

Doll’s House.





By IMARGARET P. BIGGS.





The doll house and its furniture brings

to mind a very happy time when we were

children on the farm. It was in the fall

of the year, while the corn was being

husked and the stalks drawn to the barn

for winter use, that we children busied

ourselves taking off the three or four top

joints. FrOm this we cut the tassel and

stripped off the leaves; then with a ruler,

a sharp knife, a paper of pins and a small

piece of hardwood we commenced the

making of our doll furniture. If the stalks

are still green and juicy it is best to dry

them thoroughly to prevent the shrinkage

common to all unseasoned material.



The ruler is neceSSary that every piece





 





 





stalks for rockers, or by making the back

a little higher and putting on arms.



With this material you can make al-

most any piece of furniture. \Ve made a,

bedroom set and put on the dresser a lit-

tle mirror that swung on pins.



W'itli a little ingenuity and a number

of cocnstalks you can soon furnish a

doll’s house. The materials are easily

gotten, for no farm is without corn, and

even in the- small city gardens many peo-

ple have a small corn patch. Pins are the

easiest to work with, but small splinters

of wood or pieces of toothpicks make

more attractive furniture.



Children eight and nine years old can





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





   





 





 





(g)





be cut to exact measurement. The sharp

knife is used for cutting the stalk. and it

is very essential that the material he cut

evenly, else your furniture will not stand

straight. The hardwood will serve as the

cutting b10ck. The pins are used to fast--

en the pieces together, and also decorate

the articles.



About the first piece of furniture need-

ed is a chair. \‘i’e will assort the stalks

and get the materials as nearly of a size

and color as we can. For the common

chair, cut two pieces 4 in. long and ten

pieces 2 in., four 17;, in. and one 21/2 in.

long. Now take your 4-in. pieces and put

a pin through the middle of each, 21;, in.

from the end intended to be uppermost,

as indicated at (a) in the accompanying

illustration. cht put one of the 2-in.

pieces lengthwise on the pins, being care-

ful to run the pins straight through the

stalk, as at (b). This ties the two 4—in.

pieces together; then put two pins through

the 4-in. pieces where the 2-in. piece is

fastened. as at (c); (this means that two

pins in the 4—in. piece must cross. or come

very near each other, and it requires

careful work to keep from splitting the

stalk); now run two 2-in. pieces on these

pins and your chair looks like to); pin

these sides together with another 2-in.

piece and you have (d). The next step





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





do this as Well as grown-ups. Just try



it. A set of this furniture would gladden



the heart of any girl at Christmas time.

SPICE, THE SHOPPER.





BY 1“. PEI/TON \VIlITE.





 





Spice and Allspice were two puppy

brothers belonging to \\'ally \Valker.

They were fat and round and soft and

black and silky and looked as much alike

as two peas in a pod.



I know you're asking this very minute

how they came to have such queer names,

and I’m going to tell you right away, for

I'm sure you’d never guess in an age and

a day. It was because they nipped and

bit \Vally—Sometiines making the tears

come in his eyes—with their wee sharp

needle baby teeth, just the way cloves,

ginger, pepper and the other spices nip-

ped and bit his tongue. Oh, no, 1 don‘t

mean to say the puppies ever bit \Vally’s

tongue, though I haven’t a doubt they

would have had they been given the

chance.



“What's the matter?” inquired Mrs.

“'alker as she noticed \Vally rubbing a

little mark left by a puppy tooth.



“It stings like spice,” complained the

boy.



“Suppose we call him Spice," laughed





 





 





 





 





Spice, the Shopper, learning to carry his Market Basket.





(e) is to put the front legs in place. and

these are the 17g-in. pieces. Your chair

will then be very shaky and dilapidated.

Now pin your 21/2-in. piece across the top

of the backs, allowing the ends to project

1/8 in., (f). The next move will be to

fasten the legs together With the rounds,





‘placinguthe ones on the Sides a little lower





than the ones at the front and back (this

will make the chair firm and strong) and

you have (f). Now with two pieces in the





seat and two in the back, as in (g), Your.





plain chair is completed. This style of

chair is the simplest and easiest made.

You can vary the style by using bent





his mother; YVally laughed, too, and

thought it a very good name.



“But what shall We call the other pup

—he’s all spice, too!"



“Call lhim Allspice,” advised Mrs. VValk-

er, And then you may be sure \Vally did

laugh.



But I'm quite forgetting the story I

started to tell you—how Spice learned to

shop and the funny trick he did one day.



While he was still a young dog Wally

taught him to carry a basket, one of

those. small grape baskets. Of course, at

first he wanted to chew the handle and

tear it to pieces. But his master scolded





 

 





 





[’4

.J »,





Q; We Buy It By The Box





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





—for Christmas!

—ior 85 cents!





WRIGLEY'S





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most any dealer for

85 cents a box of

twenty packages.

.Get this long-

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W» that helps di-\

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costs less than

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by the box!





Be SURE it’s





 





 





CAUTION!





The great popularity of the clean,

pure healthful Wrigley '3





is causing unscrupulous persons to wrap rank

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care inserting the above caution solel ' > - '

us that they have been deceived by imitatioifiiliii-gitgicitig‘d; (53:83:23 liliflfiii’gbggnilvfig llvvliiltclrsz.





\i\

\s“'





‘\\. ‘





‘\

. -\\‘\\\‘\





 





11—539





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TH E .M:I c HarosAtN-r





him and took the ,.basket. away from him

each time he acted badly, so the dog soon

knew v'what was expected of him.





Whenever any of the family went to

market Spice was usually invited to go

along. .“Want to go to the store?” Wally

would ask him, and Spice would wag his

tail—a dog’s way of showing pleasure—

and hurry to the back porch for hisbas-

ket, which was kept on a bench where he

could reach it.



Once Jane, the maid, put the refuse

from the vegetables she was cleaning for

dinner into the basket, intending to dump

the waste into the- garbage can later. Mrs.

Walker wanted something from the store

and sent Wally for it. Of course, W'ally

invited Spice to go with him. The dog

scampered in great haste to the bench

for his precious basket. It was full to

overflowing, even the handle was covered

up. Though he pawed and whined and

nosed it, he couldn’t get a good hold.





Wally was waiting at the front door and

whistled for the dog to hurry. Poor

Spice! He rushed to his master and gave

a. little yelp. But Wally didn’t understand

and made him go back.



Catching hold of the basket with his

teeth the dog managed to drag it to the

front door, leaving a trail of potato peel-

ings, tomato skins and corn husks behind

him. Jane was quite out of sorts, but

Mrs. Walker said the dog should not be

punished. He had done the best he knew,

which was what he had been taught

to do.



But not long afterward Spice did a

trick that no one had taught him. Dur~

ing the hot August weather the Walker

family ate very little meat. Everyone

seemed to forget that a dog likes a big

bone now and then to sharpen his teeth

on. A bone is as good for a. dog’s teeth

as a nice hard crisp crust of bread is for

your own. It keeps them firm and strong.



Each morning Spice, carrying the little‘

basket, trottedI to market, following 010se





F ‘A' R M E" K



at the heels of,Mrs.-' Walker: and Wally.

gAs usual they Went to the grocery store

first. "But what was this? Spice didn‘t

know what to make of it. Why didn’t

tthey go to the shop next' door where the

:man..in white apron and. coat put brown

paper packages in his basket? The dog

knew‘Well enough those brOWn papers

held meat. Knew, too, that some of it

belonged to him; yet he never nOSed

them, or stopped to talk to other dogs

on the way home. Sometimes a strange

dog would try to stop him, but a. deep

growl usually warned the intruder to

be Off.



Several times Spice tried to lead the

way to the butcher shop but was always

called back. However, one morning when

Mrs. Walker was buying some corn and

showing Wally how to tell when the ears

were fresh and good, Spice slipped away.

They whistled and called, all to no pur-

pose. Just as they started for home the

dog came tearing out of the butcher shop.

He hurried to his master and dropped the

basket at his feet. In it was a. brown

paper package.



The butcher stood at the door of his

shop, laughing heartily. He said the dog

came into his place and followed him

about while he was Waiting on a. cus-

tomer, whining and making a great fuss.

At last the butcher wrapped up a bone

and put it in the basket. Away went

Spice.



Mrs. \Valker said she thought the dog

could be taught to go to market himself.

So the next day she wrote a note, wrap-

ped it about a. coin, put it in Spice's

basket and sent him 'out with it. Sure

enough, the dog went directly to the mar—

ket, returning shortly with the meat in

the basket.



Little boy, little girl, if you should ever

happen to be in “'ally VValker’s. neigh-

borhood and met a big black dog, all by

himself, carrying a basket in his mouth.

you may be pretty sure that it is Spice,

the shopper.





lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllIHllllllllllllllllllllllll|HlllllllllllllllllHIHIIIllllllllllllllllllllI!lllllllNIHllHHlmllllllIllimllllllllllmlllllllllllllmll”IllllIHHlHHHIHHllllllllHL'IIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllllllll





THE CHRISTMAS TOY SHOP.





 





BY ALICE J. CLEATOR.





Now is the time when shops are grand

Like open doors to fairly-land!



And glittering gayly ’mid them all

Are toy-shop windows wide and tall.





The here the children’s steps grow slow

And pause-«and Stop—~half hours—~or. so.

And some look up with eyes alight,

And some with faces: wistful, white.





Such trains of cars that look at you

As if about to say, “Choo! Choo!”

Such Teddy bears, the “finest made,”

“Imported"—just the proper shade.





Such kangaroos and elephants,



And pigs that squeal and bears that

dance!



Such woolly lambs and tigers, too,



Enough to stock a. nursery “zoo.”





And dolls whose outspread arms would

say,



“Please take me home with you today!”



And “Kewpies ” too that “can' t be beat,”



And everything that's cute and sweet!





0, yes, the shops a1e very grand,

Like open doors to fai1y- land!



But, 0, the dearest of them all



Are toy- -shop windows, wide and tall!





 





A PLEA FOR THE CHRISTMAS TREE.





 





BY F. A. 'VV.





The Christmas tree, robcd in all of its

glory of tinsel and tin, pop corn, fruit and

candles, is dressed in its funeral gar-

ments. The Christmas songs and the

shouts of joy are part of its funeral ser-

vices. Words of praise and songs of idol-

ization constitute its obituary. In a short

time it will be cast upon the dump

heap as a useless thing, a thing that the

housewife is glad to get out of the house,

and the evergreen will be green no more.



That this tree, which nature builds

slowly but lastingly, which is kept cloth—

ed in her summer greenness as a reminder

that the silent life is not dead but sleep—

ing and for protection to the wandering

or homeless animal or man, should be cut

off from further service by the clip of the

ax does not seem in keeping with the

spirit of the holidays. That this stately

tree should be taken from its natural en-



vironment to man ’5 house, there to be be-

decked with glittering and glistening foi-

bles, does not seem becoming.



The joy the Christmas tree brings is

not an appreciated one, and is only the

icy of days. Rather let it serve as a per-

petual Christmas tree, dressed in its hol-

iday clothes of white—-the symbol of light,

purity and joy—and the green which sig-

nlfles hope and immortality.

more stately every year. Let it serve to

mankind years of joy and of protection

from the icy blasts of winter and the hot

rays of the summer sun. And when the

day comes that it should fall, let it give





It grows '





the temporary but appreciated joy of

warmth to the cold and suffering; or, for

longer use, let it be shaped by the hand

of man into shelters from the angry

weather for his kind and his kine.



Trees are getting scarce. The school

yard needs one; the door yard needs one,

and the road side needs one. Let the work

and pleasure of cutting the tree, stealing

it into the house unseen by the children,

setting it up and——in stocking feet, with

whispered voices and quiet motions——

trimming it after the children have been

put to bed and have gone to sleep listen-

ing to tales of Christmas mythology, be

devoted to placing trees in needed places

where they will stand as almost everlast-

ing monuments of pleasures and ener-

gies expended.



The symbol of the winter holidays, the

Christmas tree, like the symbol of our

patriotic holiday, the fire-cracker, is dan-

gerous. Both keep the city fire depart-

ments busy and help to fill llOspltalS, and

both will be discarded when we all under-

stand the true spirit of these holidays.

and when we understand that, as now

observed, they are destroyers of human

and natural resources.





 





LITTLE FARM FABLES.





 





BY AUNT QUILLIA.





 





False Praise.



A yearling colt and a young mule that

lived on the same farm became exceed-

ingly good friends. As neither had ar-

rived at the working age they were al-

most constantly together in the pasture.

If Jim found an unusually sweet and ten-

der stretch of grass he would call out in

a delightful little whinny, begging his

friend to come over and share it with

him. Jack sometimes did the same, hali-

ing his companion, however, in a very

strange unmusical voice.



At this the colt, being of a fine nervous

organization and sensitive to all impres-

sions, would sometimes inwardly smile,

but at the same time would say, “Poor

Jack! he can’t help it. and though coarse

of constitution he is really kind at heart

and, being the only young equine on the

place, he is all the comrade I have.”



One day he- heard some boys, who had

come dowu from the city to spend a part

of their vacation on their uncle’s farm,

making fun of Jack.



“Yes," said one of them in reply to

his brother’s criticism, “Yes, his ears are

enormous. all right, and his build is clum-

sy, but that voice, Tom, that takes the

cake! I believe it would wake the seven

sleepers, whatever that may mean." '



At this both‘ boys roared and passed

out of sight going toward the woods

where the wild raspberries grew.





‘ DEC. 13. 1318.;





And now. more than ever, were Jim’s"

-sympa‘thiee aroused Debating within

himself how he could best heal his





friend’s wound in case‘he', too, had over-

heard the remark, he resolved to be a.

little false in his attempt to comfort him.



Going over to where Jack was content-

edly nibbling the grass, he began: "I





don't know that you “heard’me call a few‘

moments ago as my voice- is so weak and





feeble. Indeed, it sometimes seems to me

more like a little tremulous squeal than

anything else, reminding one of nothing

so much as that of the screech-owl who

visits the oak over yonder of nights. To

be sure, my young miss seems to like it,

and always takes my nose in her hand

when I whlnny. But that is all the com-

pliment I ever receive. Now with you it

is different. You can be heard all over

the pasture, or the farm for that matter,

and I have noticed that people invariably

seem transfixed at the sound of it; for

instance. those boys who just passed.

Nature certainly hasfavored you in the

compass, tone and quality of your voice."



Jack, naturally conceited, felt immense-

ly flattered over these remarks and from

that day forth began to bray as loud and

as frequently as possible. If his young

master appeared with carrots for them,

up went his bray, completer drowning

the whinny of his friend. No sound came

to his ears that he did not feel called up-

on to answer, from the crowing of a 000k

to the Whistle of a distant engine. In

short, he became an unmitigated nui-

sance, disturbing all other stock as Well

as the farmer's family night and day.



So intolerable did he become at last

that his owner, in desperation, sold him

to a lumberman, who carried him off to

the woods.



And now Jim was left alone.

deed, did he miss poor, simple Jack.



One day as he was feeling more lonely

than usual his mother came- over to

Where he was, saying, “My'son, I am

sorry at your mistake. You are not sup-

posed to possess moral sense, but you

should have some horse sense. Even some

men have a little, for I heard our master

say, ‘Praise a fool and you water his

folly.’ "





SMILE PROVOKERS.





 





“No; I don't care to run for office.”



“What can they rake up on you? You

never did anything criminal."



“No, but I had a lot of poetry printed

when I was a youngster.”





 





,The Doctor—“Mrs. Brown has sent fer

me to go and see her boy, and I must

go at once."



His \‘i'ife—“VV'hat is the matter with

the boy?”



The Doctor—“I don't know, but Mrs.

Brown has a book on ‘\\ nut to do Before

the Doctor ComeS,’ and I must hurry up

before she does it.”





 





A Centralia man found it advisable to

put ,on a. ragged suit of clothes in order

to repair some machinery, After he had

finished he went home to dinner. He met

a trump coming out of his front gate as

he went in. The tramp mistook him for

a knight of the road. He held up a warn-

ing "hand. “Duck it——retreat," cautioned

the tramp. “I’ve just tried her and she's

a regular bear-cat.” But the lord of the

manor marched right in.





 





They were telling how Well they could

shoot and Tom Dawson recalled a duck

hunt in which he had brought down live

birds with one shot.



“Talk about shootin’,” began old man

'I‘ilford. “I saw Jim Ferris do a mighty

neat piece of work one day. His wife was

puttin’ out the washin' and she was

complainln' about the pesky sparrows

makin’ dirt marks on the damp clothes

with their feet."



“'They're thick as bees round here,’

says she. ‘There‘s seven of ’em sittin' on

the clothes line this blessed minute.’ "



“ 'I'll fix ’em,” says Jim, takin’ down

his shotgun which he allus keeps loaded

with fine bird‘shot. He tiptoed to the

door, took aim and—”



"Killed every one of them sparrows,"

broke in Dawson.



“You’re wrong.” corrected Tilford calm-

ly. “He never teched ’em, but when his

wife took in the washin’ she found she

had three pair of openWork stockin's and

a fine peekaboo shirtwaist."





 





$2.00 WELL INVESTED.





 





If' your subscription to the Michigan

Farmer expires soon, you can not get

more for $2.00 than by sending it for a

five-year renewal.« Or send $1.25 for

three years, $1.00 for two years, or 50

cents for one year.





Sadly, in- ;





 





‘~‘~.,

O.
'r H E M41 (2 H51 ‘G A‘N’





'D





mm] Hg} Needy





Homehnb Elsewhere





FARMER





V‘—





 





 





 





 





 





 





HAVE been asked 'by one of my read-



ers to write a toast to old age. Some-



how it seems hard for me to do,

though why I don’t know. Five years’

service on the staff of a daily paper

ought to fit one to write on any subject

on demand, from higher criticism to the

tango. But someway, old age eludes me.

And it is not that I have not been think-

ing of it, either. I have even dreamed

about it since that day a year ago when

I found the first gray hair, and six months

later found the proverbial seven.



Not that I dread old age either. A beau-

tiful old age is the one bright thing in

life to look forward to. If one could only

be sure of its being beautiful! But so

many of us reach middle life without

thinking about old age at all, or consider-

ing whether ours shall be beautiful or

ugly. And then when we are forty it is

such a hopeless thing to attempt to make

our later years the sort we want, if we

haven’t been planning'for them all the

way up.



Now by beautiful I may not mean what

my readers picture. A beautiful old age

does not mean to me an age of ease and

indolence- and freedom from all care what—

soever. Indeed, such an old age would

be to me the very opposite 0f beautiful.

Far I can not imagine any beauty in a

life devoid of activity or reSponSibility of

any sort. By a beautiful old age I mean

the age which has learned calmness, dig-

nity, poise, charity, sympathy and under-

standing, to which younger and more har—

assed folk may turn for counsel that will

be safe and sane. And to reach that end





one must travel by the road of relf—con—K





trol, a highway that so few ever find and

those few stumble upon so late in life.



I am glad that the ideas about old age

have changed so greatly in the past few

years. Why so short a time ago as when

I was a girl being Old meant to be en—

tirely out of it. ‘Vhen a woman got old

She was expected to step down and out

in her own home, to accept the rulings of

her owu children. She was not to Wear

pretty colors or stylish clothes or to pay

any attention to her hair or nails; teeth

she usually had lost long before and now

must put up with the store kind. She was

not expected to take any interest in this

world, her “conversation was to be

above." Religion was the only thing she

might express an interest in, “the way-

faring man, though a fool,” might under-

stand that. But as for politics, suffrage,

higher education, eugenics, modern plays

and danceS, those subjects required a

strong mind to understand them. 03d

men, too, were quietly thrust to one side

by their sons. No matter what the years

had taught them, the sons knew better.



Now, how different. Our old men and

women of today do not give up and sub-

mit to being shoved to one side by the

rising generation. They keep abreast of

the times, and they keep their hold on

affairs until the Grim Reaper forces them

to give up. Better to wear out than to

rust out, is the motto of the modern

old folks, and it is this motto which

keeps them perennially young. I know

a great many men and women who are

old so far as years go, and of all that

number I know but one who is really old.

He is a man who decided when he was

45 to let his daughter support him. He

stopped work, sat down by the fireplace

at home and browsed over the daily pa-

pers and cheap magazines. Idleness did

its work. It was not long before he had

slumped from a clean, vigorous man into

a slovenly old dotard who would not

change his linen unless compelled to do

so by someone of stronger mind. Today

at 65 he is practically an imbecile, just

through inactivity.



On the other hand, the beautiful old

folks I know are the ones who have gone

on working. Many could long ago have

stopped so far as-enough of this world’s

goods were concerned. And they have

eaSed up a bit and taken time to enjoy

some of the good things of life their hard-

ly earned money can buy them. 'But they

have never for one moment admitted that





 





Tost t_o_£)1dAge.





they had any right to step work, to stop

fighting, to pamper themselves just be-

cause the years are creeping upon them

They have kept buSy, and in keeping

buSy they have kept happy and content-

ed, and being happy they have kept

young in heart.



They have lived, and having lived they

are ready to counsel the younger ones

who are just trying to learn how to live.

And the counsel always begins with the

warning to self-control; control of appe-

tites, paSSions. ambitions, all three beau-

tiful when mastered, but dragons when

they become masters.



I have the ideal old age constantly be-

fore me. My one wish is to reach it.

Unselfish, yet not slavish; meek, yet dig-

nified; patient, yet insisting upon justice;

slow to anger, yet filled with righteous

wrath at evil; always busy for others. but

neglecting in no way the personal wants;

saddened at the present want and suffer-

ing, yet confident of God's ultimate tri-

umph; temperate in speech, dl‘eSS, food

and drink; keenly alive to the present

without deriding tJhe past; ready to ac-

cept new truths. active, cheerful, sane,

beautiful. To this old age may I attain,

as it has been reached by one before me

—my mother.



DEBORAH.





CHRISTMAS DECORATIONS.





 





BY MRS. JEFF mvrs.

IRST of all, have the Christmas tree

P if you possibly can manage to do

so; no matter how small it may be,

the children will appreciate it and look

back upon it when they grow up, with

many fond memories.



Select a room that is shut off from the

main living room and parlor for the tree.

By this arrangement the house is not

made untidy by the inevitable clutter, the

tree can remain as long as desired and

the children may enjoy it to their heart’s

content.



Unless you can have colored electric

lights, it is much safer to do without

tree lights. The tree can be made very

bright and attractive by brightly colored

glass balIS, “icicles" and other bright

glass ornaments.



It isn’t alWays the surest way to the

pleasure of children to do everything for

them. They like things best sometimes

in which they have had a hand them—

selves. Half of the fun of a Christmas

tree lies in the decoration, so the children

should not be excluded. One family found

out this truth fOr themselves, and solved

the secret of prolonging the Christmas

spirit in the home by the follOWing plan.

The family consisted of the parents and

three children. two girls ten and twelve

years old, and a boy of eight. The long

days of waiting before Christmas were

filled with pleasure for the children in

making decorations for the tree. These

were easy to make and varied in charac—

ter, and were quite as effective as the

boughten ones. They strung red and

white pop corn, cranberries, peanuts, and

made candy holders from gilded paper,

and t-arlton. They pasted paper chains.

and cut out bells, heads, figures, etc.,

from old fancy post cards, and decorating

these with tinsel glued on, they were

quite as pretty as similar ornaments sold

for five cents each.



When the time came to trim the tree

this duty was left to the children who did

it the day before Christmas. At six

o’clock Christmas Eve the door was open-

ed and the parents were asked to come

in. The children’s handiwork on the

trimmed and lighted tree burst upon their

vision for the first time. Only the pres-

ents for the parents, which were on a

table covered with a white cloth beside

the tree, were given out at this time. The

children did not enjoy the tree any the

less the next morning, when all marched

into the room and their presents were

distributed, having been later arranged

on the lower branches and on the same

white table.



This greatly simplified the day, too, for,





 





   





the parents having received their presents

the day before, Christmas Day was left

entirely for the children as it should be.





Try this plan, and you will see that your r





children’s interest in the tree will increase

fifty-fold.



A charming wall decoration is to sus—

pend wreaths of holly or other greens at

alternate heights, 3 short, a long, and a

short, etc, by double loops of Christmas

greens hung from picture hooks on the

molding.



People usually have boxes storcd away.

and certain kinds, like handkerchief, col-

lar, glove and candy boxes will suit many

gifts Remnants of wall paper may be

bought cheap, and the covering of the

box is not hard work. Library paste is

best for this purpose. Another idea is to

cut out figures from crctonne or other

cloth and paste them neatly on the white

box. These pretty boxes are prized by

the recipients, and will be useful after

Christmas is over.



A simple Christmas centerpiece can be

arranged with three immense sticks of

white and red striped candy. Arrange

them as a tripod and tie together with a

big bow of red ribbon. Fill a small, fancy

dish with Christmas bonbons or nuts and

raisins. place it beneath the tripod and

surround it with sprigs of hoIly.



A horn of plenty makes a very attrac-

tivc centerpiece for a Christmas table.

The horn may be made of hoops, the

largest at the mouth of the horn, the oth-

ers growing smaller at the pointed end.

Lengths of wire run across the hoops; ar-

ranged so that the hoops will stay in

position, or slender strips of wood may be

used. Cover with bright colored cambric,

and decorate with gay ribbon. Around

it pile Christmas greens. The horn must

be literally full to the brim with gifts and

greens.



Another pretty scheme for the Christ-

mas table is made of pine cones. Around

the support, woven of farily strong wire.

pine cones are grouped, each cone fasten-

ed to the support with fine wire to form

a basket. '\\'ithin the basket to conceal

the wire outlines, pine is arranged, af-

fording a charming background for the

pure white of the freshly popped corn,

piled high in a. deep dish placed in the

center of the improvised basket. A single

sprig of pine tops the center of the pile.

A star outline of pine, grouped uniformly,

completes the decoration, which is unique

and beautiful.



An old but a good hint is to use raffia

instead of ribbon for wrapping Christmas

gifts. It is much less expensive and quite

as pretty, and strong enough for outside

strings of packages sent by mail.



Ice cream for the Christmas dinner, or

for the children's Christmas party is of-

ten prettily served in new. tiny flower

pots. A way to vary this idea is to place

a raisin, or nut in the hole in the bottom

of the pot before putting in the cream,

and after grating sweet chocolate over

the top to look like earth, stick a piece of

evergreen in the ice cream to stand for a

tree. Decorate this tree with bits of

tinsel or red ribbon.



CHRISTMAS GIFTS FOR THE WOMAN

WITH LITTLE LEISURE.





 





BY L. M. THORNTON.





T any ten-cent store purchase a

A small bell-ornamented child's har—



ness and remove the bells. Using

bright crimson yarn, not too fine, crochet

the harneSS part, using the purchased

one as a pattern. Fasten the bells to the

yarn and you have a gift much prettier

than any you could purchase for many

times the price.



For Tom or Fred or Harry.



The boy with his first watch, whether

he be 12 or 20, likes to keep it in good

condition. Make him a small Chamois

bag in which to keep it nights. Cut the

bag just large enough to hold the‘watch,

embroider his monogram or the initial of

his last name on the front, and button-

hole the edges together with silk of the

same shade as that used for the initial.

Brown or leather color are especially

pretty.



A Math Sachet.

For friends to whom you want to give





 





 





\\





eI





//4_.





. IJIh

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Mayer Yermla Cushion Shoes

are worn by people for com-

fort and relief from troubles

due to sensitive feet. A soft

quilted sole is built' in so as to

conform to the lines of the

foot and absorb the jar of

walking. Resists dampness-

cool in summer, and warm in

Wintero





HONORBILT

SHOES





Mayer Yerma Cushion Shoes are

made in a large variety of styles for

men and women—and are neat and

dressy. Durable shoe quality is in-

sured because they belong to the

Mayer Honorbilt line. Either for

relief from foot trouble or for solid

comfort wear Ycrma Cushion Shoes.

WARNmG—Bo cure and look for the

Mayor name and trade mark on the

sole. If your doalor cannot Iupply

you, write to In.



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for man, woman and chu-





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* grocery order: Toilet Soap, worth 25c, only 11:

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Tea, 39c; 40c Baking Powder, 17c and





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3—613. FEATHER BEDS 36-35





Ventilated and sanitary. Made with absolutely

new. clean odorless and dustless feathers. Cover-

ed in 8-02. A. C A. ticking. l’air oft} lb. pillows.

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toel Mantle Burners. Odorleoo

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something inexpensive, and yet not a.

handkerchief or box of letter paper, try

a moth sachet which is easily made, use-

ful, ornamental and new. Secure small

Japanese paper napkins of dainty colors

or holiday brightness, fold each in the

form of a sachet and in it place several

layers of white cotton between which you

have sprinkled the moth powder. This

powder is made by adding 20 drops of oil

of cedar to one ounce of prepared chalk

and mixing it until thoroughly combined.

Tie the sachets with pretty ribbon and if

possible send in a holiday box that closes

rather tightly.

For the Housewife.



A pretty blank b00k in which she can

write her favorite recipes makes a gift

any housewife would be glad to receive.



For the Young Girl.



An ordinary purchased gift seems to

lack the “Christmassy” flavor, but as a

present for the young girl nothing is,

nicer than a pretty pair of silk hose. Try

embroidering her monogram or initial on

the top of each stocking, or if you have

the time, a scattering of daisies over the

instep and front of the ankle.



A Dainty Hat Bag.



For the friend who travels make a

pretty bag of black heavy-weight taffeta

silk, using one of the bags that comes

frOm your milliner's as a model for size.

In the hem at thetop draw a silk cord

with which to close the bag after it is in





use, and about three inches below this

hem work the owner-to-be's initials in

bright Silk. On train or boat one never





knows how to keep a pretty hat from be—

ing spoiled by soot and dust, but safely

ensconced in this bag it can be laid in

the rack above the owner's seat out of

the way and sure to be none the worse

at the end of a hundred-mile journey.





 





A ONE-PIECE APRON.





 





BY FLOY SCIIOONMAKE'R ARMSTRONG.



This pretty and easily made apron re-

quires one and one-fourth yards of polka

dot percale m‘ lawn. lilda‘e the apron with

scalloped embroidery trimming, called

sticker’s. braid, which comes in colors 011





 





white grOund.

the color of the dot in your apron ma-

terial. l’ut a narrow facing almig the

waist line. The apron may be short or

10 g, to suit the fancy of the maker or

the person who is to wear the dainty

article.





and select a inaid to match





CHRISTMAS HINTS.





 





BY MRS. MAY PEINTNER.





IlY not remember Some children



‘I‘/ this Christmas who get presents



from no one else‘.’ For quite

small children, picture bloeks. are nice and

can be made at home. I use small pic-

tures of animals, llowers, birds, etc. Cut

out and paste on small \VOiliit'n blocks the

same size as the picture.



The nicest washcloths- 1 ever used were

some given me last Christmas, made of

six thicknesses of whitt- 1n<1squito netting.

White merc'erized cotton was crocheted

around the edge with a buttonholc stitch.



Very cute little baskets for the children

can be made by cutting around large

oranges. only leaving enough for handles,

then scrape out the inside, fill with candy,

or nuts, or cherries. etc.



\Vhen making chocolate fudge add two

or three tablespooni‘uls of juice from ap-

ple sauce. This makes a, very pleasant

flavor.



A perfume bag to keep moths away is

made as follows: One—half ounce each of

cloves, nutmeg, caraway seed, cinnamon,

and three ounces of orris root. Grind to

a fine powder and place in small bags.

These bags placed in clothing or drawers

will impart a very pleasant odor and keep

moths out.



The children will appreciate this honey

taffy. Pour over a pint of white sugar

enough water to dissolve it; add four ta-

blespoonfuls of strained honey. Boil until

hard enough to crack. Pour out on

greased pans and let remain until nearly

cold. Then pull on a hook



In making drawn- work collars, I do not





...TTH. E; M'I C.H I G A N .





use embroidery hoops; instead, after pull-

ing, the threads, I sew firmly to a. piece

of stiff cardboard, then cut away the card

from beneath the threads and you have

it ready for work and firmly stretched.

Do not remove until entirely finished and

your collar will be- perfect.





HOME QUERIES.



DireetiOn for a baby’s crocheted jacket

have been received for Mrs. T. V. W.,

and will be forwarded to her on receipt

of a self-addressed and stamped envelope.



Household Editor:—~\Vill you kindly tell

me how to clean grease spots out of tan

dress goods, serge? l have tried to get it

out with chloroform but it spotted it and

did not take out the grease—Mrs. E. P.



\Vash the dress as you would any wool-

ens, with warm water and a good wool

soap. If it is a good quality of serge, the

waShing will not harm it. The serge in

small boys’ suits washes like cotton.



Household Editor:—How do you make

bread-sticks?——C00k.



Take a bit of your bread sponge and

beat into it the stiffly beatcn white of one

egg and two tablespoonfuls of butter.

Stir stiff, take up small portions of it,

form into little balls and roll out on the

board with your hands until about a half

an inch thick. Let rise and bake in a

hot oven.



Household Editon~About 110w large

should a little pig be for roasting for the

ChriStmas dinner?—Molly B.



Choose a pig about three weeks old.



Household l’ilditorc—‘Vill you please tell

me how to remove a prune juice stain

from a dark blue messaline waist?—

IVIrs. J. IV.



You had better send the waist to the

cleaners. I have never been successful in

any attempt to remove stains from silk.



Household Editorz—I am troubled with

cock—roaches in my house to quite an ex—

tent. Have tried several so-ealled pre—

ventives, either to kill them or drive them

out, and have not met with success. I

would like to inquire, as a subscriber, if

any person has been troubled with c0ek-

roaches and has found a sure-shot rem-

edy, one that kills or destroys thEm or

drives them out forever? If anyone knows

of any remedy that will permanently de-

stroy them I would like to know it.—

l~l. T. M.



Write to the Department of Agriculture

at \Vashington for a bulletin dealing with

the pests.



Household Editor:—C‘an any of your

readers please ,2ch a pattern for a cro-

chet bed spread? “'hat must we do to

get rid of weeds and have a nice lawn ?—

Mrs. M. \V.





 





FASHIONS BY MAY MANTON.





 





Our large Fashion Book-containing 92

pages illustrating over 700 of the season's

latest styles, and devoting several pages

0 embroidery designs, will be sent to any

address on receipt of ten cents.





 





 





 





 





No. 8057—Fancy blouse,





34 to 44 bust.

With low or high neck, short or long

sleeves, with or without peplum.



[\lo. 8048—Fancy blouse, 34 to 42 bust.

“'1th low or high neck, with or without

under sleeves.



INo. 8061——Draped evening coat for

misses and small women, 16 and 18 years.



No. 8038—Tw0-pieee skirt, 22 to 30

waist. To be made of one or two mate-

rials, with or without train.



No. 8047I—Two-piece Skirt, 22 to 32

walst. \Vlth train in square or pointed

outline or in walking length, with or

rithout tunic, with high or natural waist

me



The above patterns will be mailed to

any address by the Fashion Department

of the Michigan Farmer, on receipt of ten

cents for each





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THE MICHIGAN FARMER. Detroit.'Mich.





 

   





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~ counties.





1i ';'.:-‘

DEC 13.19.13:





Imummummmummmiuuuummm:





gFarmers Clubs



E . . . ';. . .; :‘



MIWWWWWWWWWWWWWIiillimmfluumml”Ililllililll

THE ASSOCEAjiONAL MEETING.





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'the twenty-first Annual Meeting of the

Michigan State Association of Farmers'

Clubs was held in Representative Hall in

the Capitol building at Lansing on De-

cember 2-3, 1913.



The meeting was opened promptly on

schedule time by President McBride, the

morning session on Tuesday being devot-

ed as usual to the routine work of pay-

ment of dues cnd presentation of creden-

tials and resolutions. The appointment of

c0mmittees was scheduled for this ses-

sion, but the president asked for more

time to acquaint himself with the dele-

gates and learn who waspresent. The

afternoon session opened promptly at

1:30; the music for this session was pro-

vided by the pupils from the School for

the Blind at Lansing. Following invo-

cation, the report of the Associationai

Secretary was given by Mrs. C. P. John-

scn,.whioh was in partas follows:



“The Farmers' Club movement is stead-

ily gaining ground. and your Secree

tury has only cheering messages for you.

Last year we reported 114 Clubs,from 28

Brighton, 'Livingston county.

Groveland, Oakland county, and Surprise,

Saginaw county, failed to survive the

winter that gave Oxford, Oakland county,

new life; Nervell is reported in the most

prOSperous condition in many years, and

we gladly report Arbor, “'ashtenaw coun-

ty, Climax and Tean, Kalamazoo county,

Bedford and South Albion, CalhOun coun-

ty,.Burton, Genesee county, Erie, Monroe





county, Peach Grove, Kent county, Pro-

gressive of Victory Township, Monroe

county, Farmers' Home Improvement





Club, Roscommon county, Standish, Are-

nac county, and Alpena county, making

a total of 120 Clubs representing 35 coun-

ties, Jackson leading with ten clubs, close-

iy followed by Livingston, Shiawassee

and Oakland with nine each, Calhoun

seven, Washtenaw Six. Lenox and Ches-

terfield of Macomb county, have the larg-

est enrollment recorded to date, 185, and

Asayria, Barry county, the largest aver-

age attendance of 102. Bedford and South

Albion have already joined the State As-

sociation, and We trust the others will

soon do so.



Many requests for copies of the consti-

tution and by-laws and information on

organizing local Clubs haVe been answer-

ed promptly, and we note with DieaSure

the increaSing popularity of the Farmers’

Clubs as social, cosoperative and educa-

tional factors of rural life.



Very flattering reports come from Ken-

tucky and South Carolina who requested

information and literature on Farmers’

Club work from the Michigan State As-

sociation, and very special mention should

be noted of the co-operation of the coun-

ty experts in Club lines. H. G. Smith. of

Alpena, repOTts a Club in his district.





Charleston Township Junior Club and

the Ingham County Club Boys' Corn Con-

test are live issues in their respective

communities.



The work of the last year has been

strenuous with the extra mailing liSts for

the equal suffrage campaign, and it looks

now as if the women will have to fight on

this line more than one summer.



’The new financial basis is proving more

successful than we dared hope, and the

results “look good” to the executive board,

17 Clubs who paid by December 1, $69.80

netting $58.00 as compared with $34.00 at

the old rate of $2.00 per Club.



The annual reports were mailed April

10, and there are still some copies on

hand. The U. S. Department of Agricul-

ture requested a complete file of annual

reports, and 13th to 20th inclusive were

forwarded at once. Should anyone have

one to 12 inclusive, and willing to send

them to the library, the department will

be very grateful.



The 'Farmers' Club page of the Michi-

gan Farmer grows more intereSting every

year, with the revieWs of the Club work

in other states and the local Club reports.



Tuscola and Shiawa5see County Asso-

ciations are doing good work, Looking

Glass Valley Club maintaining a one lec-

ture course, and some Club‘s trying the

co-operative buying and selling plan.



The death angel has visited our ranks,

41 having passed to the great beyond.



YOur secretary has written all delin-

quent Clubs, with a result of $24, 1912

dues '



The followinl statistical table is based





 





‘for their, products.





,, THEMICHI G A N9 F A .RL’M E R





on returns from. report blanks--returned

December 1: ’ ‘ '1 ‘ If L



‘ One hundred and twenty’active mem-

bers in state; 4,320‘ members; 3.384 mem-

bers one year ago;689 meetings held dur-

ing year; 45 average attendance; 16 Clubs

use yearly programs; 15 Clubs have Club

fairs; 14 Clubs have temperance meet-

ings; 41 Clubs have picnics; 40 Club sec-

retaries take the Michigan Farmer; 41

Clubs sent delegates to annual meeting,

1912; 84 Clubs returned 1912 report

blanks; 72 Clubs paid 1912 dues.



The first number on the afternoon pro-

gram was an address, “As the City Man

Views the Country Man,” by H. M. Nim-

mo, editor of the Detroit Saturday Night.

Mr. Nimmo approached his subject with

the utmost frankness, referring as the

probable reason for his invitation to ad-

dress the meeting, to an editorial pub-

lished in his paper after the last annual

meeting of the Association, in which it

was referred to as “A Rural Salvation

Army,” which title was applied to the

organization becauSe it discussed and

passed resolutions relating to matters

pertaining, in Mr. Nimmo's opinion, en-

tirely to the local self-government of cit-

ies. He then painted a vivid picture of

the country man in the aggregate, in

which the main points were that he is pur-

itanical in his views of social affairs and

liberal in everything but money, the in-

ference being that 'he was always ready

to adviSe his city cousin and others out-

side of his OWn sphere, with regard to

the proper conduct of their affairs. Mr.

Nimmo’s VleVVS were presented in the

spirit of kindness rather than criticiSm

and, due to his tact, were received by his

hearers in the spirit in which they were

given.



In order that both sides of this propo-

sition might be presented, the next num-

ber was, “As the Country Man Views the

City Man,” this response having been

assigned to Hon. A. B. Cook, of the Ma-

ple River FarmerS’ Club. Mr. Cook was

unable to be present, but the subject was

ably handled by Mr. C. B. Cook. of the

same Club, who thought that the criti-

cisms on both sides were very largely and

very generally due to a lack of prOper

understanding and appreciation of each

other on the part of both city and coun-

try men, and that it was most desirable

that they should get together in an at-

tempt to solve the questions in which

both are vitally interested. particularly

the economic questions which relate to

the high cost of living. This fact was

emphasized by the statement that while

government statiStics show that the farm-

ers of the country last year received a

total of something like six billion dollars

the consumers paid

something like fifteen billion dollars for

the same products. He cited numerous

examples which had come under his own

observation, illustrating the misunder-

standing of this situation by city men,

who are inclined to believe that the farm—

ers are getting rich, as a result of the

advance of the prices to consumers.



As Dr. Mumford, in charge of the Farm





Management and Field Studies for Mich?





igan, who was to have addressed the

meeting at this session could not be pros-

ent until a later session, considerable

time was devoted to the two,talks above

summarized, after which the president

appointed the regular committees, closing

the afternoon session. 3

TueSday Evening Session.



The president‘s address was as uSual

the opening number of the Tuesday ev-

ening session. President McBride's ad—

dress was of a character to impress his

hearers with the fact that he has been a

deep student of affairs and to inspire

them with renewed zeal in their work for

the betterment of mankind and the con-

ditions surrounding human life, He made

a strong point of the fact that the coun-

try and the cities are interdependent,

throwing much additional light on the

subject of the afternoon's debate. As re-

lated to that discuSSion he stated that

one common mistake of city people was

that they do not understand the soil prob-

lem. They have too frequently and too

generally regarded the production of crops

from the soil in the same light as they

have mining, except that they have con-

sidered the fertility of the soil an inex-

lhaustible resource. They forget, or do

not think, that every crop which is har-

vested and sent to the city is just that

much fertility taken from the land, and

that to preserve the fertility of that land

an equivalent or fertilizing elements must

be returned to it.



In touching upon the important crim-

inal problem, President McBride empha-

sized the fact that the farmer’s share of

the cast of caring for the criminal classes





of the state is entirely out of proportion

to the country's contribution to crime.

He well stated the fact that while the

saloons and other similar evils are proper-

ly city and town institutions, the right of

the farmers of the state to have a voice

in the matter of their pepetuity and

conduct can hardly be denied in the face

of the fact that the cost of the crime

which they produce is entailed on the

whole population.



In speaking of the future, President

McBride referred to the accomplishments

of the past as a reason why we should

take courage. Touching upon the high

cost of living he stated that the farmers

Were interested in this problem as well

as the city people, because they, too, have

to live. He commended the various forms

of assistance which have been extended

to agriculture by the banks, COmmercial

clubs and similar organizations. Alto-

gether, his addreSS was one to inspire his

hearers with optimism and he showed his

appreciation of the dignity as well as the

importance of agriculture by the state-

ment that the farmer who grows a per-

fect crop of grain or an improved domes-

tic animal is an artist.



At this point a transposition was made

in the order of the program and Mrs. XV.

H. Taylor, of the Ingham County Farm-

ers’ Ciub, read a paper entitled. “Side

Lights on Farm Life,” which we hope to

summarize in a future issue.



The next number on the program was

one in which those present had an imme-

diate and practical interest. It was an

address by Hon. Lawton T. Hemans.

member of the state railroad commission,

on the subject, “About the Telephone

System.” The burden of Mr. Hemans'

address was that in this line of commer-

cial activity the problems involved would

be simplified and the cost of service re-

duced by combination instead of compe-

tition. He belicves that the ultimate so-

lution will lie in the division of territory

between the strong companies in such a

manner as will enable a single company

to serve a given territory. He said that

at present there- are 1,277 corporations sup-

plying telephone service in Michigan. and

that while the Railroad Commission has

been censured for promotingmergers it

is the dream of the commission to see a

single telephone company in each neigh~

borhood, with an unprohibited inter-

change between them. Mi‘. Hemans ad-

vanced the theory that increased rates

were due to competition rather than com-

bination, and that where two companies

are competing in the same field they will

be found charging an excessiVe rate in

communities where they occupy the field

alone. He mentioned public hearings

which are to be held in different sections

of the state with a view of eliminating

undesirable competition.



“Our State Charges who have Violated

the Law.” was the subject of the closing

address of the session, delivered by Chap-

lain Lowthe-r, of the Jackson State Pris-

on. “The Manhood of Michigan can save

the boyhood of the state if they will stop

being selfish long enough to do it,” de-

clared the speaker, who thinks that every

red-blooded hey can be won back to right

living and good citizenship if the right

man gets him. He believes that the State

Industrial School is adding to the toll of

crime in the state. This is not due to

the management, which he thinks excel-

lent, but to the system of unloading boys

who have not had home training, onto

the state, herding them with others of

vicious mind and then expecting them

all to come out of that environment as

good citizens. In the prisons he declares

our system to be equally at fault in that

comparatively innocent first offenders are

herded with lhabitual criminalsmboys

with moral degenerates. After stating

that society provides the conditions that

send men to prison, the speaker askcd the

pertinent question, “\Wiat is society go-

ing to do to give them a chance?” Re-

ferring to the conditions which exist in

cities and towns he said that “\Ve need

to do much in the cities, but it is a c0untry

problem, too. for it concerns the welfare

of Michigan.”



Wednesday Morning Session.



This session waS, as usual, the busi-

rcss session of the meeting. The morn-

ing hours were devoted to the usual

“Conference of,Club \Vorkcrs," which was

conducted by Mr. C. P. ReynoldS, of the

Maple River Club. The session, however,

lacked the value which has characterized

those of many former meetings for the

reason that many of the delegates showed

an inclination to digress and discuss gen-

eral topics at such length that the time

did not suffice for a report by all of the

delegates present regarding the work of

their local organizations.





15—543





Following this conference came reports

of committees, resolutions being adopted

with such freedom that space will not

permit their publication in full. Briefly

summarized, the sense of the action tak-

en was as follows: ,



State Affairs—Pledging an intereS-t in

the working out of reforms made possible

by the adoption of the initiative and ref-

erendum; asking that the Railroad Com-

mission be made a public utilities com-

mission; favoring a law guaranteeing

bank deDOSits; favoring extension of the

recall to cover judges; favoring the es-

tablishment of a “court of conciliation"

for the settlement of disputes without

court trial; favoring free text books to

and including the eighth grade, and a re-

duction of the number of grades in com-

mon schools to six and in high schools to

three; favoring a tonnage tax; favoring

referendum vote in counties on policies

and appropriations for road building; re-

affirming declaration of principles made

at 1912 mecting: favoring a compulsory

spraying law for fruit trees.



National Affairs.——Indorsing administra-

tion’s course in Mexican problem; re-

questing support of senators and con—

gressmen for the Lever Bill; indorsing

the Newiands Rivcr Bill; favoring reduc-

tion of foreign postal rates: favoring col-

lection of inheritance taxes by federal

government; favoring national aid for

good roads; favoring government owner-

ship of expresS, telephone and telegraph

as adjuncts to pOStal service; commending

work of National Popular Government

League.



Temperance—Pledging unstinted aid

and encouragement to the local option

movement and expressing the ultimate

desire for state-wide and national prohi-

bition.



Miscellaneous.~—Favoring the appoint»

ment of a committee to co-operate with

like committees from other farmers’ or-

ganizations in the outlining of a plan for

the bringing about of rcforms by means

of the initiative and referendum; favor-

ing the establishmcnt by the State Board

of Agriculture of a \Voman‘s Bureau of

Home Management.



Club Extension—inasmuch as this is a

matter for actiOn by the Clubs them-

selves, we give the text of the resolution

reported by the committee on Club Ex—

tension and adopted by thc convention in

full as follows:



\Vhercas, we believe that good could be

accomplished by more systematic work

along the line of connected programs or

continuous topics. .



Resolved, we can recommend the yearly

program to every Club in the state and

urge- upon all to accomplish as much

i'iOllg‘ this line.



Also, we believe that one of the great

needs of the Farmel‘s’ Clubs of our state

is enlisting the young people in Club work

and that in this alone lies our future suc-

ceSs. therefore we rccommend.to our

Clubs that you inaugurate- Boys' and

Girls’ Clubs in your territory, holding an

exhibit in the fall with suitable prizes or

rewards, and we recommend that this

State ASSOi-iation authorize its executive

committee to provide for an exhibit at

our unit annual schion, this to be made

up of corn grown by the boys‘, and sew-

ing or cooking by the girls. We would

rccommcnd that committces be appointed

by cat-h Club on such important subjects

as alfalfa, Silos, fertilizers, spraying, hog

cholera, domcstic Science, or any other,

and that it be the business of the com-

mittees to keep themselves posted on all

new valuable information along their re-

spective lines. and report the same to

their Clubs at Stated times.



We belieVe that our Association could

do no better w0rk than to aid Dr. Eben

Mumford, in his work of placing county

experts in the different counties of Mich-

igan.



We believe that Club life would be

quickened and more delegates sent to our

State Association, and a stronger bond

welded between the local Clubs by a visit

at least once a year of some officer or

director of the Association, therefore we

recommend that we urge each Club to

write our aSS-istant secretary as to which

is the nearest officer or directOr available

and have them sent to address that Club

on some phase of Club work, the actual

traveling expenses of the officer or di-

rector to be borne, one-half by the local

Club and one-half by the State Associa-

tion.



Election of officers resulted in the re-

election of Hon. Jas. N. McBride as pres-

ident and Mrs. C. P. Johnson as secre-

tary-treasurer. A full liSt of the new offi-

cers and a report of the two remaining

sessions of the evening will be given in

the next issue.
as» ‘i





 





 





\ ' I ‘

o v u . . r

l x , 4 , {/m \

h . p” ‘ a w





Mr. Tate, near Camden, Ark. says:

"We make 63 bu. of corn an acre

here. There is all the native hay

we need and splendid pasture.

Lespedeza is found everywhere.

Bermuda will not dry out or freeze."





Within a radius of two miles of Mt. Pleas-

ant.Texas. there are 200 ever-flowing clear

water springs and the finest Bermuda

range you ever laid eyes on—think of the

advantages 1})”: for dairying.





On accountof fine pasture, etc.,pure springlwater.

well drained land and mild climate,milk and but,

ter can be produced for 40 percent less along the





Cotton Belt Route





in Arkansas and Texas





than anywhere else. Yet these dairy products

bring higher prices in the local small town mark.

ets, there, than northern farmers getin such cities

as St. Louis and Chicago.



When you can get fine corn land at $15 to $35 per

acre; when you have a mild Ishort winter and

don’t have to stall feed stock; when you produce

milk and butter at the lowest cost and sell them

at the highest price; you can make big money‘

In Arkansas and East Texas you would have

good roads. good schools. close markets, phones,

rural delivery, churches. etc. '





Books by a farmer—free!

We got a practical farmer to travel all along the

Cotton Belt Route and talk with the farmers

themselves, get pictures of their farms and their

personal statements. Because he was a farmer

this man knew what you wanted to know about

these sections and he tells you in these free

books—showing scores of actual photograph

pictures of the farms he visited. You must not

miss seeing these books. Write today! .





E. W. LaBeaume, General Passenger Agent.

826 Pierce Bldg., St.Louis,Mo.

@l





   

   





   

   

   

 

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Low Fare Excursions via 1

Cotton Belt Route on let and



3rd Tuesdays each month. .

Ask me about them. write! ‘





fl





about how to get the most money out of urs.

Best book for trappers ever published” No up-

» to-date tra pers can afford to be Without it.

Our co dential information is very valu~

able and will be sent to you. monthly

, during the season—it means big money

. to trappers. All of the above free for

“ the asking. Address





‘ I. ABRAHAM

213 N. Main St" Dept. 160 St. Louis. Mo.





LET US TAN

YOUR HIDE. '





..



Cattle or Horse hide, Calf, Dog. Deer “1

or any kind of skin with hair or fur on.

We tan and llnleh them rlght: make

them into coats (for won and women).

robes, rugs or gloves when ordered.



Your fur goods will cost you less than

to buy them, and be worth more. Our

Illustrated catalog {:1ch a. lot of iii-

formation which every stock raiscr

should have, but we ncvcr send out this

valuable book except upon i‘cqucst.



_It tells how to take off and care for

hides: how and when we pay the lrolght

both ways : about our safe dyeing pro-

cess which is a tremendous advantage

to the customer, cspecially on horse

Dildos and call skins: about the fur

goods and game trophies we sell. taxi -

dcrmy, etc. If you want a copy send us

your correct address.



The Crosby Frisian Fur Company. ~-

571 Lyell Ave. Rochester. N. Y.





Egg: FURS Raw





Immediate Cash Payment and an





honest sort is What we guarantee.

That is why the old trappers and fur dealers ship

their furs to us. Our motto is “A square deal to all.

Send at once for our Price List.





ROSENBERG BROS.,

Dept. 3.. 97 Jefferson Ave., Detrolt, Mloh.





 

 





{ON

65113





 





 





“\s





gmpms





Write today for our free Trap-

pers’ Book—tells you all about how

increase your catch, and meals facts





 

 





 





 

 

 

 





   





 





 





 





 





 





We Pay Highest Prices Ior





RAW FU RS





We give liberal assortment and prompt returns.

WRITE FOR PRICE LIST. It is ready.

A SUSKIND 8: 00.,



l 59 Wed 25th 51.,





New York.





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMERQ





Ell!”ill|IIlllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllIII|lIllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllll|llllllllfllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllll.





Farm Commerce.





 





Ell||lllll|llIllllllllllll|IllllIlllllllllllIlllIlllllllllllll||l||lllllllllllllllllllllllll|||Illllllllll|I||||lllllIlllIlllllllllllllIllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllé”





Lllllll lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllFell





Why Market by Parcel Post.





HE greatest co-operative business



institution ever brought into ac-



tivity is the parcels post recently

inaugurated by the people of the United

States. Here about 100,000,000 members

participate in the benefits of the institu-

tion. It compasses a territory reaching

half way around the world from east to

west, and frOm Alaska. on the north to

Panama on the south. Within that terri-

tory it uses nearly all modes of trans-

portation—stcamship service, railroads,

electric lines, auto trucks, wagons, motor-

cycles, the rural carrier’s rig, stage coach,

puck horse, etc. It connects every farm

in the country with every cottage of the

great cities, and the hamlet of the east

with the mountain home of the west. And

notwithstanding the fact that the limits

of service have thus far been closely

restricted partially to allow the machinery

to become adjusted to the demands and

partially for other reasons, the volume of

business done is enormous.



Now the American people, as a people,

haw: sympathy for the little fellow. Out

of this sympathy grew the battle cry of

colonial days where the sentiment was

that “men are born free and equal.” The

same spirit was expressed in the sixties

when the slave was freed. \Ve are even

now trying to loosen the grip of the trust,

of powerful money interests, and decapi—

tute the political boss. But in spite of

this sentiment here is a business institu-

tion, eno.mous in its scope, that every

citizen of the country, and particularly

the rural residents, should patronize.



They should do this. in the first in-

stance. because its use will tend to give

the little fellow equal advantages with

the big follow. It furnishes a system of

distribution that trcats all alike. It pat-

ronizes no clique, allows no rebates, cur-

lies at c():~'t or thereabouts, and in every

way tends to equalize advantages among

men. It is, in other words, “for the

people.”



And the farmers should use the system

because it belongs in port to them. The

representatives of tho people constitute

the board of directors. as it wore, of this

great co-operutive business enterprise. By

taking advantage of its scrvice, men are

“mindingr their own business,” helping

themselves, and also, their neighbors. The

greutcr the amount of business done the

cheaper goods can be carried. The way to

lower the l‘utcs for carrying packages by

parccl post is to patronize the system.

If there is a surplus from the Service,

that surplus will need to bc used for some

public purpose and thereby lessen the de-

mand for moneys from other sources. The

people are bound to benefit by the in-

creased business done by parcel post,

however we figure it.



Then. again, the parcel post method of

distributing goods is convenient. if you

send a Christmas turkey to a patron in

the city via the post office route you hand

it to the agent of the parcel post at your

door 21nd another agent of that same sys-

l(‘lll hands it to your customer on Twen-

ty—iil‘st Strect, or wherever he lives. It

not only reaches from town to town but

from home to home. Such a system is

quite near the acme of perfection so far

as reaching out to the people goes.



And it is economical. Some mathemati-

cal genius will dispute this, but it is so

ncvcrthcless. The greatest mathema-

tician of business problems is Mr. Expe-

rience. llc takes into consideration. some

of the little items of account that the or-

dinury geinus overlooks, and Mr. Experi-

ence has been found reliable—so much so

tliut other means of distribution are be-

ing forsaken for the way lie points out,

and he says, “Use the parcel post.” You

sce, he has analyzed the entire problem

and by properly crcditing the parcel post

system with the service of taking the

goods from the farm directly and giving

to the consignee personally, he gets fig-

ures' decidedly favorable to the great co-

operative institution.



But there are further reasons for the

farmer's support. “'hile he may feel that

now the limits of the parcel post are too

narrow for giving him the service he

wants, it must be remembered that the

service is to become a very important

means of trading. It is predicted by men

in close touch with the service that dur-

ing the season of 1914 there will be band-





led fully 1,000,000,000 parcels. And this

is only the beginning. Here is what is

coming: Vl’hile it has not been officially

announced, yet the writer has been as-

sured that the limit will be raised from

the present limit of 20 pounds to a limit

of 50, and possibly 100, pounds during the

coming year. Does not that sound opti-

mistic to the man Who raises chickens,

produces eggs, butter, apples, meat, milk,

cream, honey, molasses, small fruit, can-

ned fruit and vegetables? This selling of

farm products by parcel post is a. habit

we should certainly establish.



Furthermore, the organization of the

parcel post system is being perfected

along business lines. Take, for example,

the changes that are being made in the

methods of delivery at Detroit. Up to

the present time all deliveries have been

made from the central office. This in

many instances has occasioned delay and

increased expense, especially in the deliv-

ery of parcels to certain sections of the

city. Postmaster Nagel, of that office,

stated to us that plans are now well ma-

tured whereby parcels will be directed

from the depots to the sub-stations with-

out going through the central office, and

from the sub-stations the goods will be

delivered to the people. This is one ex-

ample of many showing how the- men in

charge of the work of the greateest co-

operative institution are trying to make

it serve its members along careful and

sensible business lines.



Simplicity is also one of the attractive

features of the parcel post system, and

bccause of this the farmers should en-

courage it. Aside from the fact that the

goods must be carefully packed in order

to be carried safely, and to prevent in-

jury to other parcels, the clerical require—

mcnts of the plan are very simple, so far





DEC. 13, 1913.





as the shipper himself is concerned. It

is devoid of the usual “red tape" of the

ordinary common carrier. Furthermore,

the farmer has been accustomed to the

same plan in the posting of mail matter,

all of which commends the system to

him. V



Another feature that should not be ov-

erlooked is that parcels may be insured.

A mailable parcel on which the postage is

fully prepaid may be inSured against loss

in an amount not exceeding $25 on pay-

ment of a. fee of five cents, and $50 on a.

payment of ten cents. Insurance tags are

used for the purpose of insurance, and

may be obtained on application at the

post offices. This» feature of the parcel

post plan shOuId give shippers the utmost

confidence in this method of distribution.



Finally, there is another argument that

should appeal strongly to a. certain class

of producers, and that is that the parcel

post will enable them to produce a high

quality of goods where now it is necessary

that they endeavor to produce a large

bulk, regardless of the quality. It is the

superior quality of goods that encourages

consumers to secure their supplies direct

from the country. If they can secure

direct from the farmer apples much su-

perior t0 the ones they can buy at the

grocery for the same price, they are 'cer-

tainly going to seek further shipments

from that farmer. It is the same with

eggs, butter and "other products. Now in

the selling of high-class products, one is

disposing of the skill uSed in the produc—

tion of these products, as well as the ac-

tual manual labor required, and it has

always been found in the industrial and

mercantile world, that products requiring

skill to produce always demand the larg-

est premium of profit. \Ve maintain,

therefore, that the farmer who takes ad-

vantage of the parcel post method of get-

ting products to the consumer, opens the

way to the production and distribution of

this class of goOdS, and thereby improves

his opportunity for receiving a greater in-

come from his labor.



These are some of the reasons why the

farmer should use the parcel poet. In

succeeding issues we shall Show how (lif-

fel‘ent kinds of products should be pack-

ed to insure safe shipment by this meth-

od of distribution.





llll|||llllllll|lllllllllllillllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllINHHlllllllllllIllIIllIll|IIHHIIIHHIIHHHHIllll!lllllHllllllllllHHHII]lliillliiJllillllllllllllllllllllllilllllllillllllllllllllllllllllilIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIHIHI





CITY MARKETS OF MICHIGAN.





HF. city market which was opened



I late in the fall at Jackson is prov-

ing unusually successii‘ul and in



some rcspccts at least stands at the hood

among the municipal markets of Michi-

gull. Jackson is a compact city of over

30,000 people, with rich farming lands

stretching out in all directions. A cen-

tral site for the market has been chosen,

and right here is where many ciiics make

mistakes. The Jackson market is acces-

sible from two streets, is close by the in-

terurban freight depot and is easily

reached from all the city car lines. A.

market master has been placed in charge,

also a board of governors, and these men

are right on the job every day. The

Ju‘ckson daily newspapers are boosting the

city market in every issue. One reason

why this market succeeds so \vclldoubt—

leSS lies in tho fact that you can get

almost everything there#fresh iish,

meats, vegctablcs, groceries, etc—while

in Grand Rapids and other markets the

offerings are confined almost wholly to

fruits and vegt-tubles. You can get all

kinds of‘relishes, home-made baked goods

and home-made candics, on the Jackson

market. One plucky farmcr’s wife drives

eight miles to the markct every lVedn‘es-

day and Saturday with baked goods,

bread, rolls, chicken noodles, cscalloped

potatoes, baked beans, etc. Prospects

point to more active competition in the

meat busincss during the winter. Several

farmers who know how to cut. up meat

will open stalls and retail their own stuff,

dividing the middlcmun's profits with the

city consumer. The Jackson market is

not an early morning affair with proc—

tically everything over by 7:00 a. vm., a

time when city people are scarcely out of

bed, but continues thrOugh the day, and

on Saturdays, the big day, is Open until

10:00 1). m. Telephones are being installed

for the convenience of patrons. The mar-

ket master is taking many orders for po-

tatoes from persons desiring their winter

supply and these are turned over to the

farmers who, as a rule, will deliver the

goods at the homes. Fresh eggs and but-

ter are always in good sup 1y. Jackson

papers stated that thousands of chickens,

ducks, turkeys and geese would be on

sale the Saturday before Thanksgiving,

and as a result there were over 200 peo-

ple on hand shortly after eight o’clock

and the poultry was cleaned up early. The





 





attendance thatday is estimated at 2,000

people. Juckson. consumers are finding

that getting the city market; habit is not

only attractive financially, with better

stuff at lower prices than the stores of-

ford, but that thcre are health and secial

(‘Ullsl(lel‘2ltl()lls. People get together so-

cially and the communal life of the city is

strengthened. The exercise in. the open

air is also beneficial.

Markets in Other Cities.



L'pper peninsula towns are waking up

on the market proposition. A centrally

located Site at Manistique has been of-

fcred free of expense for public market

purposes and city people say that it now

is up to the farmers of that section to

bring in their stuff.



l'nder direction of the Commercial Club

of Ironwood, an old-fashioned “bee" was

held in that City October 16 to clear and

grade :1 site. for the farmers’ market on

upper Suffolk street, near the ”Miner‘s

home." Sheds are being built by the

city, with other accommodations for farm-

ers and thcir rigs.



\\'ork on the new market building at

Flint is now well under way. It will be

a modern structure built along sanitary

lines and easily cleaned by flushing the

cement floors. Rows of Sheds have been

completed for further accommodation of

farmers” rigs. The location is on Smith

street, near the cit‘ watcrwoi‘ks. A rail-

road siding will )e extended to the

market. 4 A. GRIFFEN.





_..._—____.——_ B





.How TO SEND SAMPLES OF MILK.





 





Many make the mistake of sending

samples of cream or milk to the Michigan

Former oflices instead of addressing them

to the Michigan Farmer LaboratOries, 674

W'oodward avenue, Detroit. By having

the samples dclivered directly to the lab-

orutm-ies they arrive in better condition

for testing.



Our new subscribers may not know that

the Michigan Farmer will test milk or

cream free of charge for them. Follow

these directions: Thoroughly mix the

cream or milk by pouring from can to

can three or four times, take enough to

fill a 4-02. wide-mouthed bottle, enclose

bottle in mailing case and send by parcel

post to Michigan Farmer Laboratories,

674 Woodward avenue, Detroit. We fur-

n‘islh a suitable bottle and mailing tube

for 10 cents in stamps. Send order for

those to Michigan Farmer, Detroit.





 





 





 





w-__‘,..._ ~-<—“......_N... “Jammy-up...
._ 3"“ _ . h..."





 





 





DEC. 13, 1913.





Crop and Market Notes.





Michigan.



Branch 60., Dec. 1.-—December flnds us

with some corn yet in the field. The

yield is about 25 per cent. short,'owing to

drouth and fodder hurt by fall rains. Corn

selling at 30@35c per basket. Buckwheat

poor crop here, as hot dry weather pre-

vented filling. Price $1.65 per cwt. Po-

tatoes a light crop and selling at from

40@65c. Wheat selling at 90c, but many

farmers are having to feed their wheat

owing to the presence of loose smut. Clo-

ver seed was fair yield and quality good.

Beans large acreage but poor yield, av-

erage under 12 bu., selling at about $1.75

per bu. Beans ripened very uneven, mak-

ing them hard to thresh. Not much stock

being fed owing to short corn and hay

crops. As a whole this season was only

ordinarily favorable for the farmers in

this locality.



Washtenaw 00., Dec. 2.—The weather

at this date and for the past week has

been warm, wet and foggy and for the

last three days it has rained most of the

time. Corn husking is at a standstill and

a good deal of complaint of spoiling fod—

der. The year just past has been, from

the farmer's viewpoint, both good and

bad. Crops have made an average of 60

to 65 percent of a normal yield but the

price being in instances that much bet-

ter than average, farmers are perhaps

financially about as well off as in better

crop yielding years. Milk, hogs, pota-

toes, hay, eggs and apples in the order

named bring to the farmer the largest

part of his revenue. Milk on 31/2 test

brings $1.80 per cwt. Hogs, dressed $10;

potatoes 75c@$1; hay $15; eggs $350; ap-

ples $1611.25. in its larger aspects I

should pronounce it a successful year.



Kalkaska Co., Dec. 2.——The seaSon has

been moderately satisfactory, all crops

except hay have made normal returns

Prices have ranged higher than usual at

this season. Hay is $l8@20; other rough-

age is abundant as herds of cattle have

been reduced on account of high prices.

Ordinary milch cows are selling at $50@

80; spring calves $156218; lhogs on foot

7@8c; potatoes 45c now, have brought

65c. Beans, white $1.70; butter-fat 33c;

not much grain sold except buckwheat,

which is $1.50 per cwt; eggs 25c; poultry,

turkeys 15c; chickens 864 12c; warm, with

considerable moisture.



Shiawassee 00., Dec. 1.—-I-Ieavy fog

with prevailing southeast winds indicate-

-ing storm. Very little rain the past two

weeks. Farmers are availing themselves

of the opportunity of doing a large

amount of plowing. The corn crop nearly

taken care of. Plenty of potatoes in the

farmers“ hands. Beans are moving slow-

ly. Local prices: Beans $1.65; wheat

880; rye 60c; oats 39c; cloverseed $7; bar-

ley $1.10; potatoes 600; butter 300; eggs

300. Lambs are beginning to arrive for

feeding. No cattle.



Livingston Co., N . 29.—The season of

1913 has been a ‘irly successful one,

notwithstanding the unfavorable climatic

conditions. In fact. it seems remarkable

that crops have yielded as well as they

have. Wheat yielded well and is of line

quality. Oats were a fair crol), beans

were a little below normal in yield, but

the fine quality more than offset yield.

Potatoes were a fair crop, and corn was

the best in years. both as to yield and

quality. An unusually large acreage of

clever seed was harvested, and it is fair-

ly well filled. “'heat never looked better

than it does this fall. Farmers are diS-

posing of their beans at $1.75 per bu.

Live hogs are selling at $7.35 per cwt..

butter 30o; eggs 35c; wheat 92c; potatoes

550 per bu; rye 57c; oats 400; hay, baled,

$12@14 per ton. .



Arenac Co..—At the present writing the

weather is fine and warm. Fall plowing

is the order ‘of the day. Corn husking is

practically all done. Bean threshing not

all done as yet. Auction. sales are nu-

merous and well attended. Good cows

going at $75@85; horses have good de-

mand; young stock very high. Wheat

850; oats 35c; potatoes 500; beans $1.60;

hay $8@12 baled; chickens 7111100; butter

27c; eggs 26c.



Monroe 60., Dec. 3.—\Veather has not

been suitable to care for the corn crop.

It has been raining almost steady for the

past four days. Corn in the field is bad-

ly damaged; however. the moisture is

favorable to the wheat and grass crops.

Potatoes are bringing from 80QL1900Z and

the majority of the crop is already mar-

keted. Much hay and grain are now

being sold. Loose hay, No. 1 timothy, 15

quoted at $14@15. and No. 2 timothy at

$11. New corn $1.07 per cwt; oats 45(1)

470; Der bu; wheat straw $76010 per ton;

dressed hogs 9@100; veal 12l@14c; fowlS,

live 12c; dressed 13@l4c; turkeys, live

17c; dressed 20c; pork sausage 13@14c.

Cows are high, ranging from $60@125 per

head. Milk $1.90 per cwt. Farmers gen-

erally consider the past season a favor-

able one, with returns well up to that of

former years.



Penn:ylvanla.



Eastern Crawford 00., Dec. 2.—VVeath-

er mild. grass growing. stock doing fine.

Farmers plowing and a nice lot being

done. All told. 1913 has been a prosper-

ous year, crops were shorter but. prices

were higher. Farm produce about all

cleaned up. Some hogs being marketed

at $7.75. Turkeys all picked up and only

a. few dairymen furnishing winter milk.

which commodity is bringing $1.75 for

four per cent. Weather favorable for new

seeding. also wheaémwhich looks fine.



0.



Columbiana 00., Dec. 2.———\"Ve have been

having very changeable weather during

the past month but the farmers have had

a good chance to get their work done and

most of them have taken advantage of

the fact. There were a good many pota-

toes to dig after the big snow we had two

weeks ago but they have all been taken

up. Butchering is now the order of the

day althougih some are delaying on ac-

countof the warm weather. Taking the





THE. MLCsHiGAN FAVRMER.





weather conditions and everything into

consideration the farmers oi.’ this county

have had a pretty good year. Local mar-

kets: Eggs 400; butter 300; chickens 120;

hogs have been coming up a little, new

$7.70; potatoes are 70c; grain has been

about the same.



Lancaster 00., Dec. 1.—We are having

a week of rainy and foggy weather. No-

vember 30 was quite warm. Farmers

have considerable corn husked and the

ground is so wet they cannot haul it.

Corn about half a crop, price 60c. Hay

two-thirds of crop. $14 pa ton; apples

one-sixth of a crop, $1.25 per bu; pota-

toes very light crop, $1 per bu; wheat

good. 910 per bu; outs of good quality and

two—thirds of a crop. selling at 450 per

bu. Farmers are not having much to

sell except wheat. “"hat hogs there are

are being shipped. partly because corn

is not plentiful, but also for fear of the

cholera. Fat hogs sell at $7.25. Not as

many cattle being fed as last season.

Milch cows are not plentiful and are

high, from $30@90. Butter 300: eggs 40c;

chickens 10@12c per lb; turkeys 18c and

retail at 250 per lb. Help very scarce.

Quite a number of hogs 'have died of the

cholera.



EastwoOd 60., Dec. 3.—VVe could hardly

call 1913 a successful season. although





.corn was fairly good. The rest was hurt





by the extended drouth more or less.

There are not many cattle or hogs being

marketed now. The warm rainy season

has caused the late wheat and rye to look

well and has caused the pastures to

green up and will save the farmers a

large am0unt of feed. Corn 80c; wheat

950; oats 45c; butter 25c: turkeys 160.



Medina 00., Nov. 26,—The potato crop

was about 40 per cent of normal. New

seedings and wheat are in excellent shape

and old meadows are faily good. There

is a scarcity of feed in farmers‘ hands for

their own conSumption, wheat being the

only surplus grain for sale. About half

as many hogs and lambs are being fed as

usual. Following prices being received:

Hogs 714C; chickens 11@12c: hay $12.50;

wheat 90c; potatoes 750; butter 31c.



Highland Co., Nov. 24.—Potatoes about

one—fourth of a crop. Condition of mea-

dows 75 per cent. “'hcat and rye good.

Grain and feed in farmerS’ hands very

short. Good many hogs and cattle being

fed in this part. “'heat 85c; corn 600;

hogs $7.25; cattle $5.50@6.50 per cwt.



Ashtabula ‘30., Nov. 22.——\Varm, mild

weather here this week. the temperature

going as high as 72 on the 19th. Every-

one is improving the good weather by

plowing and husking corn. Spme are

complaining of mouldy corn. Not much

butchering done yet: lots of sales now:

new milch cows in demand at fabulous

prices. Some farm property changing

hands. Poultry. 100: turkeys. 2068

23c; pork 71/zc: dairy butter 300: eggs 34c;

potatoes 700; oats 40c; wheat 850: back-

wheat $1.50 per cwt.



Sandusky 00., Nov. 20.——It is nice and

warm now after a record-breaking bliz-

zard. Show is all gone and farmers are

pushing corn husking and fall work. Corn

not very good in quality and not over

half husked. \Vheat looking extra good.

But little rye sown. Meadows best in

years. This has been a great clover year

for seed and young clover. Plenty of

rough feed. lots of cattle being fed. Farm-

ers holding most grain and bay for higher

prices. Hog cholera forcing hogs on the

market. Potatoes all sold at 750-1850 and

were a light crop; hay $12fl15: wheat

90c; oats 38c; new corn 72c per cwt: rye

60c; chickens 961100: turkeys 15c: eggs

35c; butter 300; lambs $15066.



lndlana.





Tippicanoe (30., Dec. 2,—The weather

has been very damp and rainy for the

last two weeks, making it lmDOSSlble for

the farmers to finish corn husking. This

year’s crop production was not as suc-

ceSSful as that of last year but the farm-

ers will have plenty of feed for consump-

tion during the winter. On the whole,

we cannot consider 1913 a very success-

ful season for the farmer. The second

growth of clever was short but it yielded

good. “Wheat 87c; clover seed $8.82; al-

sike $10.50; corn 650,: timothy $13: oat

straw $6; eggs 33c; butter 27c.



Jay Co., Dec. 1.-—-At this writing it is

warm and raining and has been for a





week. There is still much corn in the'





shock, the warm weather and continued

dampness Ilias hindered somewhat in the

cribbing. Some danger to riVer bottom

corn if weather still centinues. This sec-

tion produced the best corn crop for years

making up and more for the extra. short

oat crop. 1913 has been a very success-

ful year for farmers in this section. A

small loss was occaSioned by a hog chol-

era epidemie among a very few herds.

Not much grain moving to market. just

enough to meet current expenses and

taxes, and surplus for which they have

no room. Some hay moving to market

but the late fall and abundance of fodder

keeps the price way down, noW $8.500,

12 50; cattle feeders are feeding some

silage: cattle prices show a decided drop.

Hogs have sold for 91/00 during the sum-

mer but are quoted at 71/4c now. Much

cream is marketed to the creameries.

wagons chasing all over the country for

it. \Vheat 87c: oats 350; rye 57c; new

corn 75c: butter 23c; eggs 34c.

Illinois.



Champaign 60., Dec. 1.—Very unsea-

sonable weather: we have had two weeks

of constant rain and the. whole month of



(Continued on page 546).





YOUR MARKET AND YOUR

METHODS.





 





In a Very suggestive article which will

appear in this Department of the Decem-

ber 20 isSue of the Michigan Farmer, W.

Milton Kelley shows why the man who

markets quality goods must grow and

handle them carefully. While the article

deals largely with fruits and truck crops

the principles involved reach out to the

marketing of other farm products. mak—

ing it a contribution that should be read

by every tiller of the soil.





 





 





 





To:

“Look Beyond the

End of Your Nose”





grandfather used to say. A Florida fruit

grower remarked that he had to go to Cal—

ifornia to learn that he had been wrong for

twenty years. The potato growers 01" Elaine

get hints from Colorado; the apple men

learn from the orange growers how to co-

operate. Here’s where the national—farm-

weekly idea comes in. If you want to get

your long-distance lessons in money-making

methods without spending carfare, look

beyond the end of your nose and get the

national-farm—wcekly habit. The big Na-

tional Farm Paper is The Country Gentleman.





 





WE BRING THE BEST FARMS TO

YOU. If you had the money and time

wouldn’t it help your farm if you traveled

about the country, looking at the best

farms of their kind in the Lnitcd States?

We propose not only to bring the best farms

to you, but to bring to you the BIEN be-

hind the bcst farms; let them tell you the

secret of their success. The Best Farms I

Know is a series of articles written by men

who do know. This one series alone is worth

more than the $1.50 (less than three cents

a week) you pay for T he Country Gentleman.





 





TEN DOLLARS DIINUS ONE DOLLAR

FIFTY EQUALS WHAT? Service. One

of our editors said the other day, “ Here’s a

Check for $1.50 for a year’s subscription ac-

companied by a technical question that will

cost us ten dollars for an expert to answer.

Where do we get off?” The answer 'as

easy: We don’t get off; we get on. And

that’s why we’re getting on. Service. Our

three hundred thousand weekly circulation

from a little more than nothing two and a

half 3* *ars ago shows that we are getting on.

It’s service. Nearly three—score experts are

at our call to answer any question you may

ask us about your business of farming. It’s

free, in The Country Gentleman.





 





NOTHING SUCCEEDS LIKE FAILURE

if you have wit enough to escape the other

fellow’s pitfalls. “’e’re one of the few

farm papers that publish failures—~in live-

stock, poultry, fruits, field crops, farm

financew—or lack of finance. \Vc don’t pub-

lish hard—luck stories; just failures, with

reasons why. F ailurcs show you the road to

success. T hcy’rc in T he (bunny Gentleman.





 





THE FARMER’S “’IFE IS THE BIAIN-

SPRING OF THE FARIVI. And we’ll

never let that ‘mainspring run down for

want of new ideas. Clothes, cooking. ero-

cheting, clubs—they’re all wound right up

to the minute. And the pin-money sugges-

tions——cliickens, eggs, bees, flowers—are

timed to the season of every woman’s needs.

You’ll lighten your labors if you r and the wom-

an’s department in T he Country Gentleman.





 





Everything about. the BUSINESS of farm—

ing you will find in THE COUNTRY GENTLE-





MAN. Five cents the copy, of all newsdealers;

$1.50 the year, by mail.





THE CURTIS PUBLISHING COMPANY

Independence Square Philadelphia, Penna.
. -‘u‘. 32-x.





o: .1; tea...





546—18





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GRAINS AND SEEDS.





   





EM“





 





December 9, 1913.



Wheat—Substantial gains have been

made in prices during the past week, and

the market appears to be firmly establish-

ed on the higher levels. About the only

real bearish news is the excellent condi-

tion in_which the growing crop is going

into winter quarters; outside of this ev-

erything seems to favor higher prices.

Canadian exports have practically ceased

for the year and receipts in the Ameri-

can northwest are much below those of

a year ago. in Kansas and other south-

western sections, much wheat is being

used for feed, the shortage of the corn

crop making it more economical to feed

wheat than maize. \Vhile England is bid-

ding for Russian cargoes, the demand for

wheat on the continent is sufficiently

large to absorb practically all of the ship-

mentsi from the Black Sea district. Ar-

gentina is having changeable weather,

but even With fawn-able conditions, the

export surplus cannot be large, and the

quality is inferior. India has enjoyed

better weather the past few days, but

there is little hope of reviving the al-

ready much damaged crop. Australia is

also asking higher prices for the cargoes

she is sending out. The advance in prices

for the week amounts to nearly 3c. One

year ago No. 2 red wheat was quoted at

$1.05 per bu. Quotations on the Detroit

market for the past weck are:



No. 2 No. 1



Red. White. Dec. May.

\Veilnes‘day .. 99 99 99 1.04

Thursday ....1.00 1.00 1.00 1.05

Friday ....... 1.00%; 1.001/2 1.00%; 1.051/2

Saturday .....1.00%; 1.001/2 1.001/2 1051/2,

Monday ....1.01 1.01 1.01 1.06

Tuesday ..... 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.06



Chicago, (Dec. 9).—No. 2 red wheat,

980; Dec., 8855c; May, 921,4,c pcr bu.



Dorm—There have been consistent gains

in the corn market the past Week. l’riccs

show a full cent advance. Colder Weather

has made shelling and grading of corn

possible in the heavy producing districts,

which acts tennml‘ai'lly as a bearish lli~

ilucnce, enabling farmers to deliver. The

shortage, hothcr. is being kCcnly felt,

and while substitutes are being used as

liberally as possible, corn values promiSe

to be maintained at or abUVc the present

level for some time to come. Many

farmers are marketing their live stock

rather than feed corn of such high value.

One year ago No. 3 corn was quoted at

480 per bu. Local quotations for the past

week are:





No. 2 No. 2



Mixed. Yellow.

\Vednesday 69 71

Thursday .......... 691/2 71%

Friday ........ 691/2 711/2

Saturday ........ 691/2 711/2

Monday . ........ 70 72

Tuesday ............. . . . 70 72





 





Chicago, (Dec. 9). No. 2 corn, 72%c;

Dec., 70%c; May, 701,130 per bu.



Oats—This cereal has also advanced,

present figures being 1c above those of

a Week ago. Dealers appear anxious for

this grain, believing that at present fig-

ures it is a good buy as compared with

corn and other feeds. Primary receipts

are small, and the visible supply decreas—

ed nearly three—quarters of a million bu.

One year ago standard oats were quoted

at 370 per bu. Prices for the past Week





are:

No.3

Standard. White.

Wednesday .............. 43 42%

ThurSday ................ 431,4 43

Friday 44 .431/z

Saturday 44 43%

Monday ..... 44 431/2

Tuesday 44 43%





Chicago, (Dec. 9).—No. 3 white oats,

4111161421140; Dec., 39%c; May, 4215c per

bushel.



Beans—Elevators are reported to be

pretty well loaded up with beans in the

heaVy producing districts and consequent-

ly are not anxiously bidding for addition—

al supplies unless they can get them at

a safe figure, which accounts in part for

the reduction of quotations the past week.

immediate and November shipments are

quoted at $1.85; .lanuary $1.90 per bush~

el. Chicago reports an easy trade at

lower prices. l’ea beans, hand-picked,

choice. ale quoted at $2.15; Common

$175602; red kidneys, choice 3526560205

per bu.



Rye.—This cereal rules steady. N0. 2

is quoted at 66c per bu.



Barley.—At Chicago barley is quoted at

7:361178c per bu., while Milwaukee quotes

the limiting grades at from 56@780.



Cloverseed.—1‘)ealers are anxious for

seed and the demand has boosted prices.

’rime spot is quoted at Detroit at $9.40

per bu; Dec., $9.40; March, $9.50. Prime

alsike is steady at $11.10 per bu. At To-

ledo, December is quoted at 359.52% and

prime alsike at $11.40.





 





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





Flour. Jobbing lots in 1,4; paper sacks

are selling on the Detroit market per 196

lbs. as follows: Best patent. $5.30; sec-

ond, $4.80; straight. $4.50; spring patent,

$5.10: rye flour, $4.60 per bbl.



Feed—In 100-lb. sacks, jobbing lots:

Bran. $23; coarse middlings, $27: fine

middlings, $27; cracked corn. $31; coarse

corn meal $30; corn and oat chop $26.50

per ton.



Hay.——Better grades lower, ordinary

kinds steady. Carlots on the track at

Detroit are: No. l timothy $166,916.50;

standard “56915.50: No. 2 53145061115: light

mixed 815691550; No. 1 mixed $135060“.



Chicago—For choice grades of hay

there is an active depend and too little





 





(N





THE MICHIGAN F114..M,~R:_





stock; while lower grades are in large

supply and move slowly. Choice timothy

quoted; at $186919 per ton; N0. 1, $1661)

17; N0. 2, $1461.15.



Straw.-—Detroit.—Easy. Rye, $8638.50;

oat straw, $6117.50; wheat straw, $6.50@

7 per ton.



Chicago—Quotable as follows: Rye

$850619; oat $7617.50; wheat $650607.





DAIRY AND FOUL—TRY PRODUCTS.





 





Butter.——The local market continues

steady with prices higher on good grades

but lower on packing stock. Quotations

are: Extra creamery 330 per lb; firsts

31c; dairy 23c; packing stOck 18c per lb.



Chlcago.—Market very quiet. There is

some demand for first-class stuff but

poor butter goes begging. Extras are

scarce which makes it hard to hold prices

for this grade. Quotations are: Extra

creamery 330; extra firs-ts 31611320; firsts

2661289“; seconds 221/361240; ladies $2261)

22%c; packing stock 206020150 per lb.



Elgin.——Market firm at 350 per lb. which

is a lo advance over last week.



New York—Market conditions for un-

dergi‘ade stuff deplorable. A steady de-

mand for good grades with prices slightly

higher. Quotations are: Creamery ex-

tras 3561‘361/2c; firsts 276t33c; seconds. 2361.





.261/2c; state. dairy, finest 30611132c; good to





prime 2661290; common to fair, 22611250;

packing 206121c as to quality.



Eggs—Egg prices are lower although

both receipts and demand are relatively

good. Current receipts of fresh stock is

quotable at 350 per doz.



Chicago—Due to colder weather the

market is steadier. Receipts of fresh eggs

increasing but dealers have to rehandle

every lot to satisfy fancy fresh egg trade.

Prices are slightly lower. Quotations:

Miscellaneous lots, cases included, 2661)

32c, according to quality; ordinary firsts,

28611l0c; firsts, bid 32c, and held higher;

refrigerator stock steady at 25956925910

for April firsts.



New York—On account of high prices

consumption has materially fallen off. He-

ceipts of fresh laid stock from the south

is increasing and will probably bring

prices down. Quotations are: Fresh gath-

ered extras 396p4lc; extra firsts, 3761i38c;

firsts 3561136c.



Poultry.——’l‘urkeys are in demand as the

dealers are anticipating a big Christmas

trade. There is a good demand for all

kinds of poultry at present prices. Quo-

tations are: Live.—Springs, 14611141430;

hens 1364131/20; No. 2 hens 961110c; old

roOSters 96110c; turkeys lQQ/Zlc; geese.

1361.14c; ducks 14c.



Cliicago.——.V1arket is fairly good. Large

supply of springs brought price down MIC.

Old chickens in fairly good demand. The

demand for turkeys is moderate with

prices unchanged. Quotations on live are:

Turkeys, good weight 15c; others 12c;

fowls, general run 131/20; spring chickens

12%;0; ducks 1161113c; geese 860121/2c; gui-

nea hens $6 per dozen.



Cheese.-—Market steady with values

unchanged, Wholesale lots, Michigan flats

1561/151/2c; New York flats, 1760171/2c; brick

cream, 17611171/2c; limburger, 141/2@15c.



VeaI.—Colder weather has steadied the

market. Prices slightly higher on fancy

veal. Quotations; Fancy 131/;61114c per

lb; common 106111c.



Chicago—Market steady. Supply is

meeting demand. Prices are unchanged.

Quoted as follows: Good to choice, 9061)

110 lbs., Lil/2611140; fair to good, 60611900

lbs., 111/260131/20.





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





 





Apples—Prices firm and market active.

Quotations are: Snow $4614.50; Spy $461)

$4.50; Greening, $3.50@4.50; King, $4.50@

4.75; Steele Red, $5695.50 per bbl; N0. 2,

$2.25@2.75 per bbl; bulk $1.25@1.50 per

cwt. At Chicago prices rule firmer under

a moderate demand." Values for country

packed rule from $3.50605.50 per bbl. N0.

1 Jonathan‘s selling best; Spies are $3.75

614.25; Baldwins $350614.



Potatoes._i\lore favorable weather has

resulted in a firmer tonc, with prices

steady. Demand is fair. Quotations as

follows: in bulk 6061650 per bl]; in sacks

706175c per bu. Receipts at Chicago are

small which. with the cooler weather has

advanced quotations and encouraged deal-

ers to take hold of the trade. Michigan

stock is higher at 6861 ’(:’.c.



Cabbage.—Steady at last week's figures.

‘xood quality quoted at $2602.25 per bbl.

The demand is fair at Chicago with offer-

ings light. Quotations range from $161)

1.25 per bbl. for white, and $1.50@2 for

red.



Onions.——Market remains unchanged;

prices for native stock at $2.25 per 100—lb.

sack. The Chicago market is well sup-

plicd and son‘.cwhat wcak with Michigan

and Indiana stock quotable at $1.25@1.40

per 6561170 lbs..



PRICES ON DETROIT EASTERN



MARKIET.





 





Market was small Tuesday morning.

Enough buyers were present to take the.

offerings quickly at firm prices. l’ork is

now being delivered and held at $11 per

cwt. Potatoes are steady at 85c: apples

at $1611.60 per bu: cabbage at 60617900:

celery is moving freely at 30c per bunch:

chickens. dressed, 20c lb; butter 35c.

Loose hay is not offered liberally and the

prices range from $156918 per ton.





GRAND RAPIDS.





 





The poultry-anarket starts out firm this

week, with demand good. Chickens, live

Weight, are, bringing 101/261711c: ducks 11

6012c; geese 10c; turkeys 14@15c. Dressed

hogs are worth 101/3617110 JObbers are

quoting eggs at 3469360: dairy butter at

25c. - Greenhouse growers are getting 7c

for lettuce: 15c for parsley and 250 for

radishes. No change is noted in the po-

tato market. the local price running from

60@65c. Wheat is worth 96c: oats 400;:

com 770: white beans $1.60; red kidneys

$2 per bu.





v





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.

December 8, 1913.



. Buffalo.



(Special Report of Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, New York).



Receipts of stuck here today: Cattle,

200 cars; hogs 140 double decks; sheep

and lambs, 88 double decks; calves 800

head.



\‘i'ith 150 loads of cattle arriving

today, our market was in good shape for

the best grades'of handy weight cattle;

in fact everything fat. showing good qual-

ity, sold strong 106115c higher than last

week. All other grades selling steady to

strong. Market closed fairly active with

about everything sold.



We quote: Best 1350 to 1450-lb. steers,

natives, $8.506118.75; one extra load holi-

day cattle, $9.15; best 1200 to 1300-lb.

steers, natives, $8.256‘118.50; bot 1100 to

1200-lb. steers, natives, $7.7561»8.15; coarse

and plain weighty steers, naitives, $72561)

7.50; best Canada steers, 1350 to 1450 lbs.,

5582560875; do 1150 to 1250 lbs, $72561)

7.75; choice handy stee;s, 1000 to 1100

lbs, $8618.50; fair to good steers, 1000 to

1100 lbs., $7.256117.75; best cows, $650697;

butcher cows, $5.256125.75; cutters, $4,256?

4.75; trimmers, $3.256p3.75; very common

old rims, $2.756L3.25; best heifers, $7.15

6117.60; medium butcher heifer-ST, $6.356?

6.85; light do. $5.85@6.35; stock heifers,

$5615.25; common light heifers, $4694.25;

best feeding steers, dehorned, $7.25@7.50;

fair torgOOd do, 9565060675; fancy stock

steers, $6.50; best do, $5.75@6.25; common

light do, $5.25615.50; best heavy bulls,

$6.756_17.25; best butcher bulls._ $650607;

bologna bulls, $5.756U6.25; Stock bulls,

common to good, $5606; best milkers and

springer, 557561100; medium to good, $50

61 70.



“'9: had a liberal supply of hogs today

but with good demand all classes s'old

higher. About everything, Outside of

roughs and stags, selling at BC per 113.

A few selected medium weights 3. little

more. ltoug’lis sold from $7617.50; Stags

from $6617. Market closed steady and a

good clearance was made.



Tin- lamb market was active today;

prices steady with the close of last week.

Choice lambs selling from $8.1561?8.25.

Close strong. Sheep active, prices about

100 highcr than the close of last week.

Look for steady prices on lambs balance

of chk.



We quote: Choice lambs, $8.156118.25;

cull to fair do, $550618; yearlings, $6611

6.50; bucks, $3.50@3.75; wethers, $52569

5.50; handy ewes, $5615.25; heavy ewes,

$4.7561»~l.85; cull sheep, $350614; veals,

choice to extra, $11.506112; fair to good

55106111125; heavy calves, $550658.



Chicago.

December 8, 1913.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Received today ......25.000 42,000 38,000

Same day-last year..l9,108 32.994 40,635

Received last week...51,391 204,064 129,662

Same week last year.75,712 187,045 157,074



The week starts off with a lively de-

mand for cattle and prices for the various

classes averaging fully a dime higher.

llogs are up on an average all of a dime,

with sales at 557-4091797162 and $8 expect-

ed. The best pigs of good weights are

bringing around $7.40. Hogs marketed

last week averaged 213 lbs-., comparing

with 226 lbs. a year ago, 213 lbs. two

yeazs ago, 232 lbs. three years ago and

218 lbs. four years ago. The sheep and

lamb market is actch and largely 10c

higher, with best lambs bringing $7.90.



Cattle started off weak and largely 10

6115c lower on Monday last week, with a

Very good supply for these times and a

fecling among buyers that the good of-

ferings of cattle from the big stock show

would make a bad market. Then there

were numerous offerings of fat cattle in-

tended for the show that were rejected,

and these Were added to the offered lots

on the open market. But the receipts on

subsequent days proved so moderate that

Monday’s decline in p:ices was recover-

ed two days later, and an additional small

advance took lilziCt' later, with a strong

demand. The week's sales of beef cattle

were largely at $765619, with farily large

sales Monday at $9.056119.60. the choicer

class of little yearlings going at $9@9.60,

and the better class of heavy steers at

$8.506y9.10. The commoner class of light-

weight steers brought $6.50(QI7.50, while a

fair to medium class went at. $7.60618.20

and pretty good lots at $8.25 and over.

Cutters went at $~i.3061)4.80, canners at

$3.256p425 and bulls at $5607.90. The

trading in stOckers and feeders was fair-

ly large, considering the limited supply

and advancing prices for desirable cattle,

stock steers going at $5@7.60, with fancy

little yearlings weighing around 615 to 680

lbs. taken at 557.45.607.60, While weighty

feeders sold usually at $6617.60. Stock

and feeding cOWs and heifers brought

$4.7561.6.85, and superior stock calves sold

at $690619 per 100 lbs, {1 lot of fancy An—

gus steer calves that averaged 453 le.

going at the top. The calf market was

animated at $565111?) for rough heavy

lots to prime light vealers, with light of-

ferings. Milch cows were scarce and firm.

with sales at $606095 per head. a big Hol-

stein sclling the highest. The future mar—

ket for beeves of good quality looks. prom~

ising. and owners should finish their hold-

ings carefully.



Greatly increased receipts of hogs day

after day last week tended to hold in

check the recent increased rallying power

of the market, notwithStanding a very

good local and eastern shipping demand

much of the time. and lower levels of

prices were reached. buyers taking an in-

dependent stand. Owners contemplating

marketing hOgs from now on should use

extra care in ascertaining the most fav-

orable time for doing so. asking the ad-

vice of a reliable live stock commission

firm. as well as exercising their own

judgment. for it is probaly only a ques-

tion of time. after the rush toshin is ov-

er, when much higher prices will’ pt'evail

for good, matured swine. The hogs re-





,. 1 . ~ 131130.13. 1913..





ceived are still largely of light weight.

there being ’a‘ liberal percentage of pigs

and underweights, and for this reason

these offerings have to go at a large dis—

count, while choice heavy lots are bought

up first, these bringing substantial pre-

miums over all others. The consumption

of fresh pork is as large as ever, making

a quick outlet for light hogs and pigs, and

there is an increasing cash demand for

provisions at better prices than prevailed

some time ago. Combined stocks of pro-

viSions in the five leading western mar-

kets on Dec. 1 aggregated 137,603,200 lbs.,

comparing with 130,368,603 lbs. a month

earlier and 108,089,904 lbs. a year ago. Af-

ter the best hogs had fallen to $7.75, a.

reaction set in that left prices at the

week’s close at $7.25@7.90 for ordinary

light to prime heavy lots, with sales of

pigs at $5607.25 and throwout packing

sows at $7617.40.



Sheep and lambs have been placed in

the predicted stronger position recently,

the shutting down of the rang shipping

season resulting in removing this compe-

tition, and much reduced supplies of live

muttons have ran prices up all along the

line, sheep and lambs Selling at good

values when offerings were good in qual-

ity. The character of the demand has

not changed much, and killers are dis—

criminating against flocks of lambs or

yearlings that average much more than

85 lbs. It is very late to look for consid-

erable offerings of feeders, and any de-





sirable flocks of these command very high





prices. Prospects for the future of the

market appear bright, but stock must be

fat to bring proper returns. Lambs ad-

vanced during the week to $8, weakening

later and closing on Saturday at $6607.85,

with feeders quoted at $6696.90. Year-

lings closed at $5.7561‘6.85, wethers at

$4.65615.50, ewes at $3.25@4.75 and bucks

at $3.50@4.





 





MICHIGAN CROP REPORT.





 





Wheat—The condition of wheat as

compared with an average per cent is 98

in the state, central and northern coun—

ties, 94 in the southein counties and 102

in the upper peninsula. One year ago the

per cent was 90 in the state and

southern counties, 88 in the central

counties. 91 in the northern counties

and 97 in the upper peninsula. The total

number of bushels of wheat marketed by

farmers in November at 92 ilouring mills

is 113,130 and at 92 elevators and to grain

dealers 70,395 or a total of 183,525 bush-

els. Of this amount 133,096 buShels were

marketed in the southern four tiers of

counties, 36,107 in the central counties

and 14,322 in the northern counties and

upper peninsula. The, estimated total

number of bushels of wheat marketed in

the four months, August November, is

2,750.000. Sixty—two mills, elevators and

grain dealers report no wheat marketed

in November.



Rye—The condition of rye as compared

With an average per cent is 96 in the

state and central counties, 95 in the

southern counties, 97 in the northern

counties and 101 in the upper peninsula.

One year ago the per cent was 92 in the

state. and northern counties, 93 in the

southern counties 91 in the central coun-

ties and 96 in the upper pcninsula.



Fall Pasture—The condition of fall

pasture as compared with an average per

cent is 95 in the state, 92 in the southern

counties, 94 in the central counties, 98 in

the northern counties and 104 in the up-

per peninsula.



Live St001<.—The condition of live stock

throughout the state is 97 for horses, cat-

tle and sheep and 94 for swine. Crop

correspondents report hog cholera in the

counties of Berrien, Branch, Calhoun,

Cass, Clinton, Emmet, Hillsdale, Ingham,

Jackson, Kalamazoo, Lenawee, Macomb,

Mason, Menominee, Ontonagon, Saginaw,

St. Joseph, \Vashtenaw and \Vayne.





CROP AND, MARKET NOTES.





 





(Continued from page 545).

November more 01‘ less rainy, but as the

corn was less than half a crop nearly all

husked now. but none has been market-

ed yet. I hear of some spoiling in cribs

on account of the Very wet and warm

weather. Ordinary years-10 to 15 per

cent of corn has- heen marketed by now.

Grass green in pastures, and ground is

full of water: roads nearly impassable;

temperature 55 degs. now and has not

been below 40 for the laSt ten days. NOth-

ing being marketed by farmers now and

will not be until it freezes and the roads

get better. In general, the season has not

been very profitable one for farmers, very

light crop of everything owing to the dry

summer. Corn 570; oats 36c.



Marion 00., Nov. 28.-Owing to the

mild fall, the pastures remain good. Ev-

en the late—plated wheat and grass are

growing nicely. As corn is scarce, hogs

are rapidly being butchered off for home

we The roads are in poor condition.

Many apple orchards are bcing cut down

in order that peach trees may be set

out. The chief products marketed are:

Hogs 7c; chickens 10c; eggs 35c: butter

30c; geese 961110c. “’hile 1913 has been

a very poor year in some reSDects, yet an

extra good yield of fruit has done much

to offset its ill effects.



Wisconsin.



Polk 00., Dec. 1.—-\Ve have had foggy

weather and rain every day for about

two weeks. Farmers are busy plowing

every day and Will be about done if this

Weather Strays a few days more. Farmers

have plenty of feed on hand: corn shred-

ding is about done now, and corn turning

out good. A few carioads of hogs are

now ready for market but farmers are

holding them for higher prices. Hogs

are selling at about 70; beef 5c; eggs 37c:

butter 36c. Potatoes were damaged by

the first freeze up we had but they are

selling at 45c per bu. Farmers wishing

to buy apples here at the stores have to

pay $5.25 per barrel for any of the winter

varieties. Farmers are holding all their





grain for higher prices. Oats 34c; barley ,





46c; wheat 90c.
DEC. 13, 1918.





THIS ‘IS THE FIRST EDITION.





 





Stock Markets are reports of last week;

all other markets are right up to date.

Thursday's Detr‘oit Live Stock markets

are given in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday. the last edi-

tion Friday morning. . The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early then they do for Thursday's

Detroit Live Stockmarket report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that effect.





 





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Thursday’s Market.

December 4, 1913.

Cattle.





Receipts, 1309. Market strong at Wed-

nesday’s and last week’s prices.



We quote: Best stéers and heifers,

$7.75@8; steers and heifers, 1000 to 1200,

$7.25@7.75; do 800 to 1000, $7@7.50; do

that are fat. 600 to 800, $6.25@6.75; do

500 to 700, $6@6.75; choice fat cows, $6@

6.25; good do, $5.50@5.85; common COWS,

$4.50@5.25; canners, $2.50@4; choice heavy

bullS, $6.25@6.50; fair to good bolognas,

bulls, $5.75@6.25; stock bulls, $5@5.25;

choice feeding steers, 800 to 1000, $6.75@

7; fair do, 800 to 1000. $6.50@6.75; choice

stockers. 500 to 700, $6.25@6.50; fair do,

500 to 700, $6@6.25; stock heifers, $5.50@

6; milkers, large, young, medium age, $75

@105; common milkers, $40@60.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P. Co. 26

steers av 968 at $7.50, 3 heifers av 783 at

$6.75. 1 cow weighing 900 at $5.50. 3

butchers av 820 at $6.50, 2 cows av 890 at

$5.25, 1 do weighing820 at $4, 3 butchers

av 890 at $5.50, 6 do av 593 at $6, 3 cows

av 990 .at $5.50, 2 do av 1080 at $4,.19

steers av 1003 at $7.36. 1 cow weighing

1230 at $6, 1 heifer weighing 590 at $5,

4 COWS av 930 at $5.65; to Parker, W'. &

Co. 28 steers av 88“: at $7.60, 23 do av

1000 at $7.70. 3 c0ws av 1017 at $4. 1 bull

weighing 1270 at $6. 1 do weighing 740 at

$5, 9 cows av 999 at $4.25, 4 do av 1012 at

$5.25. 1 canner weighing 800 at $3.60, 18

butchers av 915 at $7, 2 cows av 970 at

$5.25; to Mich. B. Co. 2 cows av 1085 at

$6, 28 butchers av 802 at $7, 1 steer

weighing 780 at $7, 24 do av 1027 at $7.90,

23 do av 1074 at $7.50, 22 cows av 1011 at

$5.85; to Gerish Mkt Co. 25 steers av

1038 at $7.85; to Raflhborn 7 stockers av

650 at $6.50; to Bennett & S. 9 stockers

av 631 at $6.25; to Kamman B. Co. 7

butchers av 841 at $6.60; to Bennett &

S. 13 stockers av 600 at $6.25; to Bresna—

ban 7 stockers av 553 at $5.25, 19 do av

562 at $5.60.



Haley & M. sold





 





Goose 5 cows av 1020

at $5.30. 1 do weighing 920 atl $5, 2 bulls

av 880 at $5.85. 2 canners av 840 at $4;

to Sullivan P. Co. 1 bull weighing 860 at

$5.75, 1 do weighing 1160 at $6, 3 COWS av

1133 at $6, 1 do weighing 1150 at $5.75, 2

heifers av 750 at $6.75; to Kamman B.

Co. 7 steers av 870 at $7.25, 6 do av 671

at $6.35; to Kull 9 do av 958 at $7.10; to

Goose 2 oxen av 1375 at $6.50. 1 cow

Weighing 1000 at $5.50, 6 butchers av 743

at $5.50; to Mich. B. Co. 10 do av 1020

at $7, 5 do av 816 at $6; to Mason B. Co.

2 steers av 810 at $7. 5 do av 650 at

$6.35, 3 do av 700 at $6.40; to LaBoe 14

stockers av 620 at $6.50; to Marx 2 cows

av 1030 at $5.50, 3 steers av 703 at $6.10.

5 do av 902 at $7.20; to Applebaum 5

butchers av 470 at $5.50. 7 do av 721 at

$6; to Heinrich 3 do av 793 at $6.75, 3 do

av 1040 at $7.50, 1 do weighing 950 at

$7.25; to Henschleman 6 do av 645 at

$5.25, 11 do av 682 at $6.30, 4 do av 460

at $5.75; to Thompson Bros. 2 oxen av

1515 at $5.50, 1 cow weighing 850 at $3.50,

5 cows av 964 at $5.50; to Marx 16 stock-

ers av 880 at $6.70; to Lachalt 2 cows av

950 at $5.50, 4 heifers av 662 at $6.50.

Spicer & R, sold Rattkowsky 7 cows av

844 at $5; to HammOnd. S. Co. 2 do

av 955 at $4; to Kull 4 do av 915 at $6. 3

bulls av 880 at $6, 1 heifer weighing 720

at $6.75; to Kamman B. Co. 6 butchers

av 806 at $6.75; to Rattkowsky 1 cow

weighing 750 at $4. 6 do av 933 at $5.50;

to Sullivan P. Co. 6 butchers av 825 at

$6.25, 1 canner weighing 660 at $3.75; to

LaBoe 5 stockers av 722 at $6.50; to Sul-

livan P. Co. 3 butchers av 633 at $6.25,

3 cows av 1060 at $6. 2 do av 940 at $6.25;

to Thompson Bros. 8 butchers av 931 at

$6.75, 4 do av 967 at $5, 3 do av 333 at

$4.25, 6 cows av 768 at $5: to Heinrich 11

steers av 840 at $7.50; to Goose 7 cows av

1000 at $5.60; tso Rattkowsky 1 cow

wel hin 1300 at 7.

Rfie (glom. Co. sold Mich. B. Co. 12

butchers av 822 at $6.80, 2 do av 880 at

$6, 10 do av 1020 at $7, 5 do av 816 at

$6. 8 do av 690 at $6.40, 1 bull weighing

1450 at $6, 7 steers av 911 at $7. 5 do av

544 at $6.50, 12 butchers av 718 at $6.40.

1 bull weighing 680 at $5.50, 1 do weigh-

ing 1520 at $6.25, 11 butchers av 592 at

$6; to Applebaum 5 do av 489 at $5.25.; to

Goose 4 cows av 900 at $5.50. 1 do weigh:

mg 1030 at $4, 5 do av 822 at $0, 10

heifers av 582 at $5.25; to Kamman B. Co.

2 steers av 885 at $7, 1 do weighing 950

at $6.26; to Goosa 9 butchers av 602 at

$6, 1 heifer weighing 550 at $5.25, 10 do

av 544 at $5.50; to Rattkowsky 3 do av

610 at $5. 1 cow weighing 980 at $5.25, 9

do av 980 at $5.36, 5 butchers av 452 at

$5.50, 1 bull weighing 1160 at $6, 2 do av

710 at $6.50; to Schumaker 6 stockers av

596 at $6.25, 9 do av 600 at $6.25; to

Breitenbeck 5 cows av 952 at $5: to Bird

3 stockers av 453 at $5.75: to Kull 9 steers

av 968 at $7.10; to Goose 2 oxen av 1375

at $6.50. 1 cow weighing 1000 at $5.50, 6

butchers av 743 at $5.50; to LaBoe 4 do

av 786 at $6.35, 14 stockers av 661 at





.60.

$6 Veal Calves.





Receipts. $4895.10 Iggarket steady. Best.

' others . .

$1lS’picer & R. sold Burnstlne 5 av 120 at





$10.15, 1 weighing 180 at $10, 1 weighing

150 at $11.60. 4 av 165 at $11: to Parker,

W. & Co. 1 weighing 320 at $7. I weigh-

in 130 at $9, 9 av 140 at $10.60, 3 av

145 at $11, 4 av 140 at $10.25, 18 av 136

at $11. ' .





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





Roe Com. CO. sold Sullivan P. Co. 2 av





_ '175 at $9.50; to Rattkowsky 7 av 175 at

In the first edition the Detroit Live.





$6; to Burnstine 2 av 140 ‘at $9, 7 av 175

at $11, 1 weighing 120 at $7, 3 av 150 at

$10, 2 av 100 at $8, 1 weighing 100 at $8,

1 weighing 180 at $11.



Haley & M. sold Newton B. Co. 1

weighing 160 at $11, 3 av 150 at $11; to

Rather 2 av 170 at $9; to Mich. B. Co.

4 av 156' at $11, 1 weighing 120 at $11, 1

weighing 150 at $10, 13 av 150 at $11.



Bishop,.B. 8; H. sold Hammond, S. &

Co. 3 av 165 at $11; to Sullivan P. Co. 7

av 160 at $10.75, 8 av 155 at $10, 2 av 320

at $8. 6 av 160 at $10, 2 av 170 at $11;

to Parker, W. & CO. 4 av 145 at $10.75,

3 av 140 at $9, 1 weighing 250 at $6, 3 av

100 at $7.50; to Rattkowaky 1 weighing 160

at $7.50. 5 av 145 at $10.50; to Mich. B.

Co. 2 av 160 at $10.50, 1 weighing 140 at

$10; to Parker, W. & Co. 29 av 140 at

$10.50; to McGuire 19 av 130 at $11, 2 av

145 at $10.50, 2 av 135 at $10.75; to Mich.

B. Co. 4 av 145 at $11, 2 av 135 at $10.75.





Sheep and Lambs.





Receipts, 6467. ‘Market steady with

Wednesday; 25@40c higher than last

week. Best lambs, $7 50@7.75; fair to

good lambs, $7@7.35; light to common





lambs, $6@6.75; fair to good sheep. $4@

4.50; culls and common. $‘2.50@3.



Spicer & R. sold. Costello 17 lambs av

37 at $5, 48 do av 45 at $6, 20 do av 48

at $6.50, 21 do av 45 at $6. 32 do av 60 at

$4; to Kull 9 do av 85 at $6, 11 do av 70

at $7; to Dold 20 do av 65 at $7.60; to

Young 12 sheep av 110 at $4.50; to Mich.

B. Co. 33 lambs av 80 at $7.50. 27 do av

70 at $6.50. 5 '



Roe Com. Co. 5 1d Sullivan P. Co. 30

lambs av 72 at $7.25. 32 do av 65 at $7; to

Thompson Bros. 15 sheep av 115 at $4.25,

10 do av 100 at $3.25. 10 do av 105 at

$3.25, 29 do av 125 at $4.10; to Sullivan

P. Co. 7 lambs av 85 at $7.25.



Sandall sold Nagle P. Co. 416 lambs av

75 at $7.50.



Haley & M. sold Parker, W. & Co. 71

lambs av 85 at $7.60; to Mich._B. Co. 40

do av 65 at $7.65, 23 do av 60 at $6.85. 5

sheep av 95 at $4, 5 lambs av 100 at $7.50,

24 do av 80 at $7.75, 10 sheep av 98 at

15 do av 100 at $4.25, 4 do av

to Newton B. CO. 15 lambs





Bishop. & H. sold Swift & Co. 64

lambs av 83 at $7.70, 156 do av 75 at $7.75;

to Nagle P. Co. 12 sheep av 95 at $3.25,

22 do av 120 at $4.25. 16 do av 95 at $3.50,

34 do av 100 at $3.75; to Sullivan P. Co.

51 lambs av 60 at $6.50, 15 do av 57 at

$6.50. 5 sheep av 125 at $4.25, 5 yearlings

av 80 at $5.50; to Young 93 lambs av 5

at $7.10; to Dold & Co. 15 do av 85

$7.75. 59 do av 73 at $7.75, 54 do av

at $7.50; to Hammond, S. & Co. 50 do

77 at $7.60, 115 do av 80 at $7.60. 11

av 58 at $6.50. 47 sheep av 120 at $4. 9

av 150 at $3.50, 36 do av 95 at $4.25,

do av 50 at $6.50; to Parker. W. & Co. 20

lambs av 80 at $7.76, 32 do av 70 at $7.30;

to Mich. B. Co. 38 do av 45 at $5.25; to

Goose 27 sheep av115 at $3.90; to Nagle

P. Co. 130 lambs av 75 at $7.60, 8 do av

65 at $7.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 12 do av 65

at $7, 33 do av 58 at $6.75. 19 do av 50 at

$6.50; to Nagle P. (‘0. 20 do av 55 at

$6.75, 15 sheep av 125 at $4.25, 14 do av

110 at $3.25: to Sullivan P. Co. 28 lambs

av 85 at $7.35, 13 do av 55 at $6.50; to

Hammond, S. & Co. 36 sheep av 100 at

$4.25; to Mich. B. Co. 28 lambs: av 50 at

$6; to Nagle P. Co. 445 do av 80 at $7.65.





Hogs.

Receipts, 8401. Market 10@15c lower

than Wednesday or last Thursday.

Range of prices: Light to good butchers,

$7.40@7.50; pigs. $7.25: light yorkers, $7.40

@750; heavy $7.40@7.50.

Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 245

av 200 at. $7.50, 450 av 190 at $7.45.

Spiccr & R. sold Parker, W. & Co.

670 av 200 at $7.50, 60 av 175 at $7.45.

Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S. &

Co. 3500 av 200 at $7.50. 1017 av 190 at

$7.45. 515 av 160 at $7.40. '

Friday's Market.

December 12, 1913.





~ Cattle.

Receipts this week, 1617; laSt week.

778: market steady. We quote: Best





steers and heifers $7.75@8; steers and

heifers, 1000 to 1200. $7.25@7.75; do 800 to

1000, $7627.50; do. that are fat, 600 to 800,

$6.25@6.75; do. 500 to 700, $6@6.75: choice

fat cows, $6@6.25: good do, $5.50@5.85:

common cows. $4.50@5.25; canners. $2.50

@4; choice heavy bulls, $6.25@6.50; fair

to good bolognaS. bulls. $5.75@6.25; stock

bulls, $5@5.25: choice feeding steers, 800

to 1000, $7@7.25; fair do. 800 to 1000. $6.50

@675; choice stockers, 500 to 700, $6.25@

6.50: fair do. 500 to 700. $6676.25: stock

heifers. $5.50@6; milkers. large, young,

medium age, $80@100; c0mmon milkcrs,

$40@55.

Veal Calves.



Receipts this week. 713; last week, 440;

Market steady. Best, $11@11.50; others

$8@10.50.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this week, 8786; last week.

6030; market steady. Best lambs. $7.65@

7.75; fair to good lambs, $7@7.50; light to





common lambs. $6@6.75: fair to good

geep, $4@4.50; culls and common $2.50

3.





Hogs.



Receipts this week, 11.886; last week.

9,273; market 10@150 'higher.



Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers, $7.60; pigs, $7.25@7.50; mixed. $7.55@

7.60; heavy, $7.55@7.60.



Market Note.

. There will be no market at these yards

Christmas Day this year.





.._.__._.._____



J. B. Kendrick, of Wyoming. believes

that under fair conditions. the country's

supply of beef cattle may be expected to

return to normal proportions before many

years. In former years he has marketed

as many as six hundred cows. but last

year he reduced such shipments to 200

head. selling off only the'older and less

desirable cows. Mr. Kendrick says there

is still plenty of grass and hay in north-

ern Wyoming. and conditions for the win-

ter look promising.





gIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIE





Veterinary. g





IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII||IIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII||IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIfi:

CONDUCTED BY W. .C. FAIR, V. S.





Advice through this department is free

to our subscribers. Each communication

should state hiStory and symptoms of the

case in full; also name and address of

writer. Initials only Will be published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to someone else. When

reply by mail is requested, it becomes

private practice, and a fee of $1.00 must

accompany the letter.





IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII





I





 





“'ounded Fetlock.—I have a horse that

lacerated fetiock and I have applied bor-

acic acid ointment, prescribed by local

Vet., but I would like to have you pre-

scribe a healing remedy. I. C., Hights-

town, N. J.-—Apply one part iodoform and

10 parts boracic acid to wound daily and

cover sore lightly with oakum and ban-

dage. I am not familiar with the formu-

la of liniment you inquire about.



Chronic Fistula of \Vithers—VVorms.—-

I have a six-year-old mare that has been

troubled with fistula of withers for the

past six months and I would like to know

the best treatment. Her general health

is good and she is not lame. Have an-

other 12-year-old mare that is troubled

with worms. she is thin. but has a good

appetite and I would like to have you

give formula for condition powder. W.

T. H.. Tarrytown, Md.———In the treatment

of fistula, it is usually necessary to do

some surgical work; therefore I advise

you to have her treated by a Vet; or ap-

ply one part iodoform and four parts bor-

acic aicid once a day. This medicine

Should be put to bottom of cavity and

give her a deSsertspoonful of Fowler’s

solution at a" dose twice a day. Mix to-

gether equal parts powdered sulphate

iron. ground gentian, ground ginger,

ground nux vomica and fenugreek. Give

a tablespoonful at a dose tWO or three

times a dary.



Spinal Meningitis—I wish to ask you

for information regarding a sickness that

seems to have broke out in our horses.

I had three 'llOI‘SeS die with it and the

fourth one is down. One Vet. calls it

spinal meningitis and another one calls

it paralysis of the muscles and nerves.

Now I would like to know whether it is

caused by grazing on low ground or

drinking spring water, and whether it

will pay me to treat such cases. If they

get well, will they be able to work again?

This disease seems to come on suddenly

and when the horses get down. they are

unable to stand on hind legs, but sit up

like a dog. Their legs move much like

a 'horse trotting, and when we lift them

up they wabble and often fall. One horse

was taken sic-k Friday and we helped him

up, but when up, could not remain stand-

ing long without assistance and he died

the next morning. Some four days later

another one took sick and for eight weeks

I had him in slings hoping to pull him

through, but he died. N. T. Gib-

sonia, Pa.—Your horses suffer from spinal

meningitis and very little can be done to

relieve an animal suffering from it. The

infective germ is perhaps in either their

drinking water or the food they are eat-

ing; therefore, I suggest a change of feed

and water. When a horse- recovers from‘

an attack of this disease they are slow

in recovering and seldom good for much.

In conclusion I might say that this is us-

ually a fatal sickness. Give 1 dr. ground

nux vomica, 1 dr. potassium iodide and

30 gr. doses of quinine three times a. day.

Alcoholic stimulants do some good.



Ringworm.—Two of my yearling steers

have sores on neck and shoulders about

the size of a 50 cents piece of silver and

I would like to know what it is and if

they can be cured. They show no symp-

toms of sickness so far as I can tell, but

they rub themselves. H. J. D., James-

town, N. Y.——I am quite sure your cattle

suffer from ringworm and if you will

paint the sores once a day with tincture

iodine they will soon get well. After the

itching ceases apply. one part oxide of

zinc and four parts vaseline daily.



Bruised Knee.~—I have a cow with soft

painless bunch on knee. and I believe it

was caused by lying down on knees to

reach food. She stands on cement floor

and I have seen the cows struggle to

reach feed that had been thrown Out of

feed trough but am not p0sitive it was

caused in this way. W. K., Meadville.

Pa.-—I believe you are right, for I treat

many cows that injure their knees in the

manner you mention. Put plenty of bed-

ding under her knees and apply equal

parts tincture iodine and camphorated oil

to bunch three times a week.



Old Cow Died of Paralysis—I had a

cow 14 years old freshen Oct. 1, turned

her out to pasture soon after calving—the

weather was quite chilly, she stiffened in

both hind quarters. moved about very

little. and in 24 hours got down. Next

day she got up without help, drank con-

siderable spring water. ate some grass.

but by night she was down and unable

to get up. The next day I hauled her to

barn and when she laid on right side she

was fairly comfortable, but it distressed

her when on left side. She became quite

helpless and remained down, but suffered

no pain. After being down four weeks,

I hoisted her up with sling, but as she did

not help herself any and was apparently

growing no better. I killed her. Our local

Vet. tells me that she suffered from after-

blrth paralysis. I did not keep her in the

sling long and neighbors tell me that if

she had been kept in it for a few days,

she might have recovered. Do you think

I made- a mistake in killing her? W. C.

K., Chesanlng, Mich—The only mistake

that you made was in not killing the cow

earlier. She no doubt took cold, resulting





 





19--547





in congestion of spinal cord which re-

sulted in paralysis of hind quarters. In

my practice I usually destroy them if

they show no improvement in ten days.

it would not help her recovery to have

placed her in slings, unless she was able

to stand erect alone. .



Cow Slayers—I have a cow that slob-

bers and grits her teeth, ears lop down

and she is not thriving. I examined her

mouth, found her teeth rather sharp, but

every one sound. \Vhen she eats she

chews very slowly and does not drink as

much water as she should. “2 S., Ubly,

Mich.—Give her 1 oz. ground gentian. 1

oz. bicarbonate soda and 1 dr. ground nux

vomica at a. dose either in feed or as a

drench three times a day. Feed her dry

meal instead of slop.



Choking—Spasm of Larynx—Epileptic

Fits—I have a pig about three months

old that has been thriving fine until re-

cently when he commenced to eat, he

suddenly became nervous, front feet and

head began to jerk and shake, then he

backed up and fell over in a sort of fit.

but soon recovered and commenced eat-

ing as if nothing had happened. I feed

him milk, middlings and corn and am

afraid of my other pigs becoming affect-



(Continued on page 549).





 





a





IIIWaanAYMTRAW





We get the top price on consignments. make

liberal advancements and prompt remittances.





9

Daniel McCaiirey s Sons (20.

‘ PITTSBURG, PA.

Reference. Washington Trust Company. or any bank in city.

FARMER —We are uying 5 cents above the

Official etrolt Market for new-

laid 9 go «hipped direct tone by express. Write us

for in omntlcu. It will pay you. American Butter

n Cheese 00., 31-33 Griswold at" Detroit. Ilch.

' Wh le 19 C i ion Ho so.

Enumfulluflm. 1,030.3? .3333... ”.1“...

potatoes. poultry and rabbits. Quick returns.





COW PEAS WANTED





I want to buy Cow Pens and Boy Beans. Send son: ion

with lowest price. L. 0. BROWN, Laurence.





—A 300 quart milk business. Bu

For sa|° milk at 3 cents per quart (31.50 poi

out.) and sell for eight. Profit 5 cents. Investigate

this prom tly. Horses. II no. complete equipment.

all for $1 . $1000 cash. I: once garments. Address

owner. D. O. CURTISS. 406 Isaac . Lansing. Mich,





Farms and Farm lands For Sale.

VlLlllliLE 81001 and “All Film 53:33.13?“





Write A. M. D.. Irwin. Va. care Bolling Stock Farm.





LEGANT MICHIGAN FARM~200 acres. all fenced.

g orchard $17,000 in buildin 8. 812.000 down.

Write for particulars. J .A. Rockwoog. HastingaMlch.





FOR SALE—75 Acre farm 30 mi. from

; . Detroit near Gd. River M.

rich loam soil. lot 0 nine room house. 3 barns. other

outbuildingsifood enoes.llcvel.well drained. a bargain

at 86“”. ED MILES. New Hudson, Michigan.





BUY A FARM-In Montcalm or Kent County



where it pays to form. All sizes



and rices. Come and sec for ourself. MICHIGAN



FAR HOME COMPANY, reenville. Michigan.

‘ and unim rovcd lands i D l



Fm". Firm diversifle in: .8373:





fornii

llclous fruits and ideal homes. #02 info:- ti

address. State Board of Agriculture. Dover. 953.3:





' ' ' -—Prioos right. Terms

vug‘nl‘ Farms for sale reamngblo, Soil for.

tile. Mild climate. best markets. We have forms from

6 acres to 5000 acres. Write for our free illustrated

Catalog. Southside Realty 00.. Inc, Petersburg. Va.





MICHIGAN FARMING LANDS

Hour Saginaw and Bay City. in Glndwin and Midland

Counties. Low prices: Easy terms; Clear title. Writ.

for maps and particulars. STAFFELD BROTHERS.

15 Merrill Building. Saginaw. (W. 8.), Michigan,

2500 ACRES out. over hard wood land near



Rose City. Mioh..on D. A" M.R.R.espocially





adsxtedfor stock and fruit. raising. d rose,

J COB SCHWARTZ. Saginaw. Michigan.





MICHIGAN FARMS and FAIIM LANDS





For sale or trade: reliable information furnished on

any part of state. If you wish to buy. sell or trade.

wr





...‘,° J. n. numnnELu. 521 Hammond slug. nomn





~10-room house. two barns 30140. 26x40

154 Acres granary. hog house. ice house. milk

house. all condition. Apples, lums cherries

and pears, undred thousand saw lum er. 2 miles to

railroad town and milk shigpln station to New

Xfik City. . part can . IIALL’S FARM





ENCY. Owcgo. Tiogn CoH New York.

ARMS dvégggRiL F ARM 8

an ‘ l

vmmrp the rau'i‘di'flri





POULTRY CENTER of NEW J ERSEY. Health‘

ful climate.





_——f





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Bend for our FARM CATALOGUE

100 0 FR UI’I‘, Poumiuf





. AYO

A ENCY in SOUTH JERSEY. 1076 Dress!

Bid... PHILADELPHIA. PA.. or VINELAND. NEW JERSEY.





CALIFORNIA.





Not fiction but proven facts. Twont

FAIBMEAD. California. will support shamans

means fortune. I know man who bought twent

acres four our! age. paying 8625 down. Crops paid

balance. 8 your produced 82.000 and he could sell

for 10,000, 0 snow—no ice—no floc no cyclones—

cat 9. hogs and chi hens on green food all the you,

I will take your Mic luau farm in exchange. Special

excursion in January at 810 less than regular tare.





r. r. TOMS. 21 Mcan Bldg. Detroit, Mich.

I8 Money Making Farms





0 Truck Forum 6 t Farm: 4 Stock

mm 820 acres each. located in 8 heart 0]; the “gig

and Fr t Belt of the South near the Gulf Gout.

ell 111; Climate: growing season m days

rainfa , no irrigation: can grcduoe 2 and acro

age temperature in winter 4 . in summer 79': e ovation





 





v

ova 000 foot above us level; all kinds of Garden 1‘

flow- to perfection as well a: ran en.

a 8 I,

o





0 rape

"'3 v

grit: .34 we, 3% “relic? as;

$8.0 you one of theoe forms on my terms.

8800 on Stanwontgluymmm These

13:. WEonn. Price- ann ‘l'oriu.





? .Boxu. Booefllll.N.Y.
5:18—20





 





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TH.E:MI;,C1HIG,AN

.Turning Honey CrepsInto Cash.





FARMER





Experiences of a Young Bee-Keeper in Developing a Market.





Some men are natural born salesmen,

while some attain a certain degree of

ability as salesmen by practice who may

not be gifted in that direction. very much

naturally. Then again, there are some

who would never attain any success as

salesmen if they tried ever so hard. To

these latter I would say that it is best to

sell your honey to some man who can

handle the whole lot at once. It requires

less salesmanship to. do this than to retail

it out. If you take a bee journal, or a





‘good agricultural paper, which you cer-





tainly ought to do, you can easily find

out what the market is, and if your hon-

ey is up to the standard you will have no

trouble in selling it.



The other two principal ways of dis-

posing of honey are to sell to the retail

dealer or direct to the consumer.



In selling to the retail dealer one finds,

perhaps, more need for good salesman-

ship than when selling direct to the con-

sumer. This is because of the fact that

the retailers make a business of buying

and selling, are practicing it every ,day

and are, as a result, highly proficient in

this line. Before you sell to them you

111qu know just what you want for your

honey, what points of merit you can

claim for it, and be able to show them

that there is a chance to handle it at a.

profit. If you can prove this to them,

to their satisfaction, they will usually try

it. And right here let me caution you

about II mistake many make. Don’t urge

u customer to take too much at a time.

Sometimes you might induce a merchant

to take on a stock of honey that he could

hardly scll in the muse 'of a year, and

perhaps congratulate yourself on the big

sale you have made, but it will usually

prOVe the most unprofitable one you have

made. lloncy will keep in good condi—

tion only a few months unless handled by

someone who understands it, which nine

out of ten merchants do not. Generally

if a merchant gets II lot of honey on his

hands which becomes candied or other-

wisc out of condition for ready selling,

he will soon become disgusted with the

whole business and the next time you

will find it hard to sell him at all. Better

sell him a small order at a time—enough

to last him a few months—and then be

ready to supply him again at the close of

that period. However, you will find some

big dealers who understand handling it

so well that it is safe to sell them a

year‘s supply at once.



Selling Direct to the Consumer.



But if one is a good salesman, and has

the time, the best way of all is to sell

direct to the consumer. As I have had

pretty fair success along this line, per—

haps some of my experiences may be of

help to others.



Several years ago, when I first came

into this neighborhood and commenced to

sell honey, I found that the principal bee-

kecper here was selling his honey at

from five to six cents per pound. We

were both running for extracted honey,

principally, but I also produced some

comb honey and found that it was sell—

ing for about tcn cents per pound for the

host grade. Such prices were not profit-

able and, further, they were for below the

markets outside.



At that time I knew nothing about how

to ship my own honey at a profit, so I

had to figure out a way to sell here and

get something near what it was worth.

I knew that if I could claim no merit for

my honey that the honey of others did

not possess I could not sell it for any

better figure. So the first thing I did was

to take a lot of pains in producing a su-

pcrior article, allowing it to ripen thor-

oughly on the hive, getting my comb

honey as nicely finished as possible. etc.

The first year I had a lot of trouble in

selling as I had put the price at eight

cents for extracted and 12 cents for

comb, which was two cents above the

prices asked by my competitor. However,

I managed to sell a pound or two in a

place, occ'aSionally. and I soon received

repeat orders from these people. As I

had only a small crop I managed finally

to dispose of it all. The next year I rais-

ed the price to nine cents, and my com-

petitor, taking advantage of the price I

had made, aISO raised one cent. Comb

honey was also advanced a little and I

found much less trouble in selling than

I had the year before. At present I am

selling around home for ten cents. where

the customer furnishes or return. the

cans, and, although the other man still

sells for eight, I find that I can sell in

four out of five places I visit. The bal-





ance prefer to buy the other honey at

the lower figuze. This I consider much

better than if I had tried to get the trade

by underselling my competitor.

Enlarging the Consumptlve Field.



However, this trade I haVe managed to

secure from the other man‘s territory,

which territory I really had as much right

to as he, is the smallest part of the gain.

The real gain is in the customers who

have not been in the habit of buying

honey at all, many of whom thought they

did not like it, and many more who

thought they could not afford it. Many

of those who thought they did not like

honey at all I have persuaded to try" little

samples of the different grades. \thn I

have found agradeihey like I have tried

to remember which grade to Sell them

and some of these are among my good

customers now. To those who think they

cannot afford it I explain that, while hon-

ey has four times the food value of beef,

pound for pound, it sells for less money,

and that if used in the place of butter it

will go as far and costs less. Also that

it is economic-.11 to use for sweetening

purposes in baking, etc., as such baked

goods keep fresh much longer than when

sweetened with sugar. As to the matter

of health, I explain that while honey has

all the great food Value of sugar, which

exceeds nearly all other foodstuffs, it is

even better than sugar from the fact that

it is pro-digested by the bees, making it

much easier on the stomach. T'his proc-

ess» of pre—digestion which goes on in the

honey stomach of the hue, converts the

cane sugar of the nectar into the grape

sugar of the honey. As cane sugar is

actually poisonous to the system while

gIape sug {ll‘ acts as .‘L natural producer of

heat and mice without any of the bad





DEC. 13, 1.913.





effects that often go with the consumption

of sugar, it is evident that honey is much

healthier than sugar. .



How I Reach the Distant Consumer.



In the course of time my honey busi-

ness outgrew my home market and I be-

gan to look for a larger one. As a be-

ginning. I made an exhibit at the \Vest

Michigan State Fair and sold honey from

the exhibit direct to the consumer, also

in larger quantities to dealers, which lat-

ter was not delivered until after the fair.

The- honey from the exhibit was sold to

consumers at about the same price

they would have had to pay their dealers,

and as I gave them a fancy article they

were always Well pleased. At the same

time I secured a much better price than

I could have done in any other way.



Since that time I have sold a large part

of my honey in this way. The premiums

usually pay all expenses of the trip, etc.,

and I sell a lot of honey at extra good

prices. I have not only exhibited at Grand

Rapids but also at Detroit and other large

fairst



The honey for this purpose is put up in

several ways to suit the- various needs of

consumers. Some is carried in the large

60-lb. cans, some in gallon cans and some

in five and 10-lb. pails. The rest of it is

in glass jars bearing a neat label, mostly

in pound and half~pound sizes.



In selling honey in this way one of the

main requisites is to have it look tasty

and neat, for lhoney may be ever so good

but if not put up in a tasty manner it

will not sell. In Grand Rapids I have

.1 customer who keeps my honey in the

house all the time, and as he is well ac-

quainted there he sells an enormous

amount of honey for me.



Many other ways of selling direct to the

consumer will suggest themselves to the

wide-awake producer, and in nearly all

cases can be made to work to the advan-

tage of both producer and consumer.



Mecosta Co. L. C. WHEELER.





 





CARE OF GEESE IN WINTER.





 





Geese will shift for themselves when

forced to do so; but they do much better

when given some attention all the year

around, especially during the cold months.



\Vhen geese are not fed regularly and

are otherwise neglected, they will not lay

as many eg"s. when the laying season .11—

lives, and the eggs Vi Ill not hatch as u 011

as they should. It is not necessary to

build expensive houses, but they should

be given 2L dry comfortable place to stay

at night. A large shed, or, in fact, al—

most any kind of ill] old building that is

not in use, may be converted into a

“goose barn." .\n open shed is not quite

the preper place for geese when the mer-

cuIy gocs down to zero.



The writer once turned an old sheep

shed into a winter house for a flock of





geese. This Shed. which was a sort of

“lean-to," built at one side of a large

barn, had no floor, but the ground was





always dry. It was clean to begin with.





A door was hung and two small windows





put in. All open spaces in the Siding

Wcre closed with pieces of lath for a dis-

tance of five feet from the floor. This

kept the cold wind from blowing directly

upon the g*(l‘.He On cold blustery (luvs





the geese were kept indoms all day as well

as at night. They soon lucame so accus—





tomed Io being driven to shelter that

they leanch to go of their own accord.

We kept the earth floor Well covered with

straw and litter from the barn. The old

sheep rack was used for roughage, such

as clover, 'siluge, etc, when no gross

could be found in the fields. A water

trough was placed inside of a rack at one

end of the shed.



A goose will eat almost anything that

cattle, hogs» or sheep will eat except

coarse hay. They like whole heads of

clover; also wheat and outs in the straw.

They seem to prcfcr raw food to any kind

of cooked mashes, although they will eat

cooked vegetables when the latter are

thoroughly mashed End then mixed with

raw corn meal and bran.



It takes some time to get geGSe accus—

tomed to any new ration. They like to

eat what they have been used to eating.

However, if they cannot have their usual

ration they will gradually become accus—

tomed to the new, when, as a rule, they

will eat it with great relish.



Raw turnips and other roots, chopped

rather small and mixed with bran and

corn meal, make an excellent ration.

When silage is fed, no vegetables are re-

quired. Some grain, either whole or

ground, must be given several times a.

day, for best results.



We feed the geese grain twice a day—

morning and evening—with! some sort of

green stuff 01- roughage to nibble at “be-





tween meals,” when they are housed in

winter. Sometimes the grain is whole

and sometimes ground. “hen the latter

is used, “'0 find it a good plan to add

some cut clover, steamed, or some raw

chopped cabbage, turnips, apples or any-

thing of this nature that they will eat.

\‘I‘e usually feed whole corn in the even-

ing. Somctimes this is fed dry, and

sometimes it is put into a shallow trough

and covered with water, or, rather, the

water is poured in first. Geese like to eat

whole corn out of water. \Ve always take

the chill off the water when the weather

is very cold.



Geese require grit, such as coarse Sand,

oyster shell, etc. We also provide plenty

of charcoal and coal Cinders.



Ohio. ANNA W. GALLIGHE‘R.



CAPACITY OF HENHOUSE, BEST



LAYERS, ETC.





 





I have a good chicken house 12x16 ft.

and will add a sleeping apartment to it.

How many hens can I profitably keep in

this house \Vould spring pullets be as

good to lay as older hens this winter?

\‘i hat bleed of hens is best for laying?



Shiawassee Co. E. M. A.





The numbcI of hens depends somewhat

upon the construction of the house. If

it isvan open-front affair, insuring an

abundance of fresh air at all times, it

will be suigcicnt to allow 4 sq. ft. of floor

space per fowl. Even a little less would

probably answer in this case since the

space you mention is only to be occupied

by the hens during the day when the air

and sunshine can be let in freely. \Vheth-

or the fowls are of a large or small breed

must also be taken into consideration,

but, roughly, it may be said that the

house, under the conditions described

above, should accommodate about 30 hens

of the medium or so-cullcd general—pur-

pose breeds. If the house is of the clos—

ed type, vvitvh ruther inadequate facilities

for ventilating, a larger allowance of lloor

space must be made. Before the advent

of fresh—air poultry houses it was cus-

tomary to allow from 5 to 6 sq. ft. of

floor space per fowl. Now some users of

open-front houses are giving not more

than 3% sq. ft.



Pullets that were hatched as early as





April or May and so cared for as to make '





steady growth and development should

be laying now and, with proper feeding,

should prove excellent egg producers

throughout the winter. They can hardly

be expected to do as well as hens of last

year’s hatching but should prove far su-

perlOr to older hens.



There are many good laying breeds.

The Leghorns are generally credited with

being the most prolific layers but there

are strains of many other breeds which,

in the long run, are equally satisfactory,





 





 





 





 





 





.....
I





DEC. 18. "1513.





V‘s-r13: BINARY.





 





(Continued from page 547).





ed. F. H. M., St. Louis, Mich.-——If you

will feed your pigs warm leDDY food in

shallow trough, they will not choke and

home this fitty condition, occur. Give

some ground gentian in their feed, a tea-

spoonful to each pig three or four months

old, once or twice a. day.



Mule Has Sluggish Kidneys—I have a

five-year-old mule which for about a year

has been bothered by spells with weak

kidneys and a portion of the time the

urine is thick and cloudy; besides, she

does not pass enough water. I have

thought she showed the effects of pain

before urinating. I have given her medi-

cine which gave relief for a few weeks.

but I would like to know what you pre-

scribe as a. remedy that will effect a per-

manent cure. B. F. W., Ludington. Mich.

—-It will be necessary for you to give yOur

mule some medicine occasionally to stim-

ulate kidneys into action. Buchu is a.

mild and useful diuretic, but it is too ex-

pensive; therefore you had better give a

teaspoonful of powdered saltpeter at a

dose two or three times a day for a few

days, then occasionally give it when you

believe it necessary. Also give a table-

spoonful or two of cooking soda. at a dose

in feed twice a day.



Cow Gives Bloody Milk—I have a ten-

year-old cow that freshened one week

ago which has given bloody milk. This

cow gave bloody milk a year ago when

she came fresh. T. B., Sullivan, Mich.—

Feeding too much nutritious food to some

cows has a tendencyvto cause them to

give- bloody milk; however, it can gener-

ally be traced to an accident, at which

time the udder is bruised. Make an ef-

fort to ascertain the cause, then remove

it and she will get well. A little blood in

the milk will do no harm. Apply one

part tincture arnlca and eight parts cold

water to udder three times a day.



Elephantiasis~0hronic Lymphangitis.——

I haVe a 13-Year-old horse that had an

attack of farCy some four years ago and

it left one hind leg enlarged; since then

the leg seems to have increased in size

and at different times opened and dis-

charged pus. “'henever this horse has

sore neck he is ugly to handle, we have

to rope him and he occasionally falls down

while resisting us. If you can give me

any advice that will benefit him, I shall

be glad, for he is a. useful work horse.

S. E. G... Chilsnon, Mich—Your horse first

suffered from lymphangltis and has doubt-

less had frequent attacks since, it being

a chronic ailment, it is doubtful if treat~

ment will benefit him much. After the

leg becomes very large, the- animal al—

ways has difficulty in getting up, when

down. Give him a dessertspoonful of

Donovan’s solution three times a day and

a. teaspoonful of powdered nitrate of pot~

ash. His bowels should be kept open, he

should have daily exercise and some vas-

eline applied to skin to soften it.



Sprained Tendon—Fistula.~——I have been

watching the veterinary column for some

time for a remedy for my eight-year—old

mare. The tendon of her right hind leg

is badly sprained. She is able to work

about half of the time. I have blistered

it severely, applied liniment; have also

had her shod with high heel. All my ef-

forts have failed so far. except affording

her temporary relief. She also has two

openings in between jaw bone, so when

medicine is injected in one opening it

comes out of the other. I also think

some of it passes into the mouth. I do

not know the full history of this case.

Have injected iodine, but it fails to do

much good. Would I dare use- concen-

trated lye? O. McE., POmpeii, Mich.——-In

my practice I always fire a tendon of this

kind and invariably obtain much better

results from it, than from c0unter—irrl-

tants and blisters. Have her fired by a

competent Vet. and give her 60 days rest

and I believe she will stand up and do

ordinary work the balance of her life. A

fistulous tract with two openings is al-

ways difficult to heal and before you can

obtain a. union of the parts you will have

to cut our sinews by applying a. caustic,

either pack it with burnt alum 0r sul-

phate of copper; or, if you can‘open skin

between the open ends and make a raw

sore, then it will heal. This case really

requires the attendance of a veterinary

surgeon. Packing with powdered alum

might effect a cure; however, it is doubt-

ful. You should not use concentrated

lye.



Bone Spavin Lameness.—I have a. lame

horse, one Vet. said the lamenese is in

hip joint, the other, locates it in hock and

says swollen joint is caused by poor cir-

culation. The leg stooks and it all works

out with exercise, except hock joint. The

joint cracks when first taken out of sta—

ble and he shows lameness for a short

distance. C. H, L., Carsonville, Mich.-—-I

am almost inclined to believe the lame—

ness to be in hock joint and if you will

apply one part red iodide mercury and

eight parts lad to entire joint every week

and give him rest, I believe he will re-

cover. Give him 1 dr. sodium sallcylate

at a dose in feed twice a day.



Mange—My cattle have some kind of

skin 'diseaSe mostly affecting head and

neck. They do not appear to itch, but

rile disease appears to be spreading. D.

T. K., Bellalre, Mich—Apply one part

sulphur, one-half a part carbonate potash

and three parts fresh lard to sore parts

of skin every day. Give a teaspoonful of

sulphur at a dose in feed twice a day.



Obstruction in Teat.-—-I have a cow that

came fresh the first of the month and

one of her teats has a. growth in the up-

per part which makes it impossible to

milk her without the use of a milking

tube. What can be done to remove the

obstruction? B. M. H.. Fowlerville.

‘Michr—In my practice I invariably cut in

and remove bunch of this kind: however,

an operation of this kind must be-done

right and under septic measures, or else

you will have trouble in healing wound;

‘ besides. a stricture of teat canal may fol-

low. Try applying one part iodine and





i'rH-E-‘MIcHiGA-N FARMER





eight parts fresh lard to test directly

over bunch every day or two.



Wart on Teat.—In reply to my question

how to remove a wart from a. cow's teat,

you advised me to cut it off. I do not

like to do this if it can be otherwise re-

moved. Two years ago I wrote you of a.

like growth on the teat of another cow,

calling it a. toumor, and was adviSed to

use a preparation of iodine with lard,

which removed it, but I have forgotten

the formula. The present growth is as

large as the end of my thumb. J. H. K._,

Okemos, Mich.—--By applying one part

iodine and eight parts lard every day or

two, or applying lunar caustic every day

or two, you will‘be able to remove the

bunch. Why don’t you tie it off with a.

silk or linen thread tightly pulled around

its base?



Weakness—We have an eight-year-old

collie bitch that for the past year has

had some sort of kidney trouble. She may

be all right for a month and then for a

week or two, or even more, urine will

leak from her as if she had no control of

her bladder. She eats well and seems

healthy otherwise. Mrs. G. H. H., Plain-

well, Mich.—Give her 5 grs. urotopin and

one—sixtieth of a. grain of strychnlne at

a dose three times a day.





 





LIVE STOCK NEWS.





 





Prof. W. J. Kennedy, of the Iowa State

College, says: “Hog cholera cost the

country almost one billion pounds of meat

last year—enough to supply ten pounds

to every man, woman and child in the

United States. The bearing of this upon

the cost of living is apparent. The- loss

in Iowa alone amounted to 150,000,000

lbs. of pork. This year the less will be

still greater. Iowa farmers will lose $20,-

000,000 because of the disease."



It is generally expected that with se-

verely cold winter weather, the awful

ravages of the hog cholera will be stayed.

In past years it has raged the worst dur-

ing the months of September and Octo-

ber. In west central Illinois farmers re-

port that the careful use Of serum has

worked wonders in checking the malady.

Reports come from Iowa that the state

serum factory plant. recently built at a.

cost of $20,000, is now behind a month

and a half in furnishing serum to farm-

ers, having pens for handling 1,000 pigs.



A. J. Lovejoy, the president of the_In—

ternational Live Stock Exposition, lives

on his large farm in Roscoe, Ill., where

he is mainly occupied in breeding Berk-

shire hogs. He is widely known as one

of the celebrated swine breeders of the

United States.



An extremely important effect of the

removal of the United States duty on

wool on the first day of December is

found in the extensive purchases of sheep

made recently by Western Canadian

sheepmen for breeding purposes. It is

learned that one big breeder in the north-

western province of Alberta purchased

quite recently 24,000 head in this country,

while several flocks ranging from 30,000

to 40,000 head have been acquired within

the last few weeks by sheep ranchers of

Saskatchewan.



About 75,000 Texas calves have been

moving from the breeding districts of

that state towards the feeding districts

of the corn belt, Illinois, Indiana and Ohio

receiving most of them.



'Most of the good beef cattle imported

from Canada under the new tariff law

have come from the province of Alberta,

and most of the Ontario cattle brought

over were thin stockers or poor canner

COWS that were painfully thin. Canada

has a. very short supply of beef cattle,

with none that can be spared for ex-

portatlon.





3 HIE YEIBLIIO BULLS!





1 towhrgeormmn not

cor us 1' o y s o .

of Johanna. Decolontho 6th Ind out of





~nus Concordia Chomp-

ion. No. 60575. A cap of the 24th volume

of the Holstein Fri 1: year book with

eech of these bulls.





Pri It". to I ck bu .

L. a. 0053's: Lqui‘oyo’tg, Ohio





 





"Top-Notch" Holotolns.





Choice bull calves from 1 to 3 old. of fashion-

oblo breeding sud from demo w th oncisl milk

sud butter records for solo at ”enable prices.



“OPHIIGON FARMS 60.. Nowell. Mlohlnn.





A “w CIOICE 3°] “1 ’l'i ion Bull .1".

GREGORY b Bong§$%owgl.nmochlg. g3."





“In“ FDR": ofler ohcioel bred young Holstein

altos to l! each, with all pa rs.

s, o. ammonia s N. as. n.5, Ypsilanti. loh.

' -J!'wo ode heifers float! ms k d o

"“lean to hogan in J anus” for 6 «5113‘s:-

istcred bull calves priced to sell.

offer-so





llavey. Akromle .

KORN-El. STOCK FARM Hon“... “fiii‘l‘l





month. old for 3100. E. B. CORNELL. Howell. Mich.





Hagnifloonl Holsloln Bull call For 8an





Two months old. B 25 lbs. butter bull: dam. the A.

11.0. 00





 





w Houwt'e . DeKol Albino. None finer.

Seven-eighth w its. Yellow skin. y 8'15.

ROUGBMONT FARMS. Detroit. Michigan.





 





z CHOICE BOISTEIN BULL GALVI'B—By . producing Son of

Pontiac Butter Bey when-dam Bellsof Trev-no hos s r



of 30.11 lbs. butter in 1 ds s. Fine individuals. Priced for

quick sols. Address. Kl m IAIN. Kslomuoo. Mich.





21 +549





0 I -8 tin Boers all sold. full igsro yto

we; 3'. to restrain labile;





0 I 0 n. lsimd loan“ 3 “‘4 mm clot

0:1! 'VIOw Jigs-m. N. E. Webergggp. loy‘all 3.1..‘3ll’o1'i:





9 -Lest :1 hours ll sol



O. l. C S. A 111.3103.“ film :nd 1111

on head. OTTO B. SCHULZ . Ono-half

0 west of Depot. Nashville. Michigan.





RITE US Your Wants For Reg. Chester White I'll”.

Bolsteiu Bulls, Scotch Collie pups. Sept. is! now

ready for shipment. BAY B. PARllAl. Bronson. hills-II.





o I c-wgiuo olstoi Bul Golf. Bf. B. and

.....-- .. new .. .. on...





1. Monroe.





 





" lONlA GIRL





I hlvo started more breeders on the road to suc-

cess than uniman living. I have thelsrgest and Eu-





0 U. 8. Every one on early developer.





on hood in t

I want to





ready for the market at six months old.

Elmo one hog in each ‘ to advertise my



erd. Write for my plon.“lIow to aim Money from

Eon.” Q. ‘- IIIJIIIN. filed 0 Portland. “loll.





 





 





Iloroo iomy Boar: f3.“°.lt°’.“€.;’aiz°:i§i

Btollions Lyn-old. u. A. 135’“.- o moo.

1 been. spring furrow.





ich.

00000 .0





 





 





Iaplo lone HoFlsiorol Morll Hord‘gf'i'giff‘ljfii





tuberculin Jersey Cattle of all egos or on e.





IBVIN FOX. Prop» Allow. Michigan.





 





The Jersey





The Jersey gives richer



and more butter than



any other known breed. at a

lower kce ing cost. She does it





continuous and persistently.



fiat milk an butter ring better



prices than the product of any other



breed. That's where quality



does count. Jersey facts free. Write

now. We have no cows for sale.





AMERICAN JERSEY CATI‘LB CLUB

' 314 W. 23d Street, New York





 





 





BUTTER BRED “Eii‘gfi‘éfr‘fii‘”

CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK r‘ABM.

Silver Creek. Allegan County. Michigan.





JERSEY 43“" on... bred for 3.0.1....





ion. Also cows (1 eifers.

Breakwater Farm. B D.





. F. No. 7. Ann rbor. Mich.

Lllllo Farmstead Jerseys

(Tubercullu tested. Guaranteed free from Tuber-

culosis.) Several tgood bulls and bull calves out of

deiry cows r sale. No females for sale 08

present. Setisfsction sranteed

COLON c. umfi.





coooE-wuio. noon.

Dill" Mill! Sllnllllllllll 3:37.539 $03336:

J. a. mum. Mason. Michigan.





 





 





—Bulls from 8 to 12 mo the

9 . Shorthorns old. Best of breedxilng.

Write for pedigrees. W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Mich.

________—__——————-———





SHEEP.

son SALE at





OXFORD RAMS AND EWES formers 9.1....





Address B. F. Miller or Geo. L. Spillm. Flint. Mich.





lhroo-lur-Olli OXFORD and SllHlil’SlllliE Hams





For sale cheap. Parkhurst Bros.. Reed City. Mich.





 





 





 





DIMEIS’ DIRECTORY.

CATTLE.





Ab rdeenhAn k ”a d

Herd, consi of Trojan cu. so b r In

Prides. on] . is a by erton W. the. GRAND

CHAMPIO bull a the fits . West Michigan and

Ba City Fairs of 1912 and the sire of winners as see

Fa round oi: THE INTERNATIONAL. Ohlcsfi, of

1912. WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionla. loh.





AY RSHlREs—Oue of the foremost dairy breeds,

Bull calves for sale. Write for de-



deeoription. Michigan School of the Deaf.Fliut,Mich.

GUERNSEYS—Beg. Tuberculin Tested. Vin-dor-

mon 'll’lll. Watervliet. Mich.



J. K. BLATOHI'ORD. Auditoriun Tower. Chicago.Ill.

IGIBTEBED GUERNSEY BULL—Ei t months





old. First check for $60tnkes him. One ve months

0'15. quality for $50. G. A. Wigent. Watervli'ot. Mich.





U5.





Purebred Registered





HOLSTEIN CATTL E





The Greatest Dairy Breed

Sand for FREE Illustrated D ” ‘

Holsteinorriesian, Auc..Box I64. BtettleborcNt.





Bigelow’s Holstein Farms





Breedsvlllc, Mloh.

Have for sale several fine young

bulls out of cows with high official

butter and milk records.

Send for circular.

FOR SALE‘iP'émmfiiltfféi‘ifiififii‘;

onus. rowmas. r’nnkl . Oakland 00.. Michissn.





Wanted 6 Registered Holstein Heifers





Fromltoz yesrs old. Send pedigree with prices.

0. E. WINTERS. Ausuotu. Mich.





 





T‘PAVS TO BUY Pull IIID OHIEP 0P PARSONS,

' the sheep men of the east." Shropshires. Bombouillet.

Foiled Dclsiues and Parsons Oxfords. ll, 1. Grand LodgeJilich,





ling. Hamobuilloi Shes , Pure Brod Poland chins

H GS and PERCIIE ON HORSES. 2% miles

E. Monica. on G. T. R. R. and M. U. R. J. 0. A. 000K.





 





P 1.1 shlso’fi‘léltl‘fi'

x. r B ns . . .

Gauss! mwsl‘mmra. a. °shopgora igsn.

Fancy bred Duroc Jerseys—Boers s Gilts of spri &



summer ferrow. Good individus s at reasons 19

prices. John McNiooll. Station A. B BsyO 151. Mich.





DUROC JERSEYS—Spriuglbo rs of the big type. a

few from charm/King the 912 nternational champ

ion. at prices that Will sell them. W l‘. ToylorJlll-mllieh





 





ounces—36 High Class immuned boots ready for

eel-Vice. Specie] grices for 30 days. Write

or come and see. J. 0. BA NEY. Goldwater. Mich.





IG TYPE DUB OSv—Msrch and April 3 Y8. ready

in service o to skin. Also ghro shire

ems for sole. 1.1. DROD’I‘, a. No. 1. Monmfioioh.





Boron Jerseys—10 liming lloars Hugh Slilp.





CAREY U. EDHON Hastings. ichlgon.





000008, Good Enough lo Ship Wilhoui lilo om.





ROPE .‘KON FARM. Kinderhook. moms-m.





nuroc.Jerseys—n fins boot s from prize-win-





n strains. 80 I ll

Breakwater Farm. 3. l'. O. No. 1. Ann Idol. M131?





POLAND ClllNAS—ilair’fil‘. lli’fitimui‘.“ ‘11. ”we.“

Prices right. W. J. HAGELSHAW. Augusta, Mich.

PO LAND CH INAflé‘é’alfifRé“



uneven way and immune 086. I ship 0.0.1). and regis-

ter free. write at. once: m. Wefl‘le. Goldwater,Mich.





Poland China: and Hoyle Comb Whilo loghorns.

B. M. WING a 80 . Sheridan. Michigan.

GLAND CHINA—Spring. Summer and Fall pigs.





from large prolific sow litters up to 16. S em 1

ROBERT says. Pierson, 311.313.





ABGE STRAIN PROLIFC POLAND CHIN

EGGS-Two choice fell yearliugs. the bee. lot :0





rl I

if. 3‘.‘ (MilAdd?’i‘i‘il'sifofiicififii’fi‘lcilig’éfi:

I P l'fl '

BUTLER 8 BIG BONEx1’55thei‘gé‘flifhli‘fifiagrfifii





ing after you get them. Big boon read for service.

Sow- bred for spring furrow, fall pi All at farmers'

Prices. They don t breed them any test. A breeder

or,over 20 years. J. C. BUTLER. Portland. Mich.





P. 0. llllllli lll0 lPlllL ”081323. ’83:.53‘3323





to please. 8. W. MILLS. Saline. Michigan.



FOR SALE—{1:315:01 ithina Bogrsi. March

1' arrow. '



G. w. BOLTON. B. No. l1. Kolomlogffligglll





—Oh

POLAND CHINAS .ni’.i.°.".'.°£°'p'.’12l‘l'.’”fii’





u





L. w. BARNES e son. Byron. Sbiowsuo 00.. M‘lch.





' —Tho Large Prolific Kind.

Poland elm“: have spice lot of spring boar-avg:

ALLEN BROS. Paw Paw. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





prices on boars.





 





 





 





 





 





 





farmers prices.





 





INGLESIDE FARM’é’é’fib‘ps‘fi‘iii‘iifl

ewes bred to choice rams for £15.00 per head.

HERBERT E. POWELL. Ionia. Michigan.





lsolvo bred lso-yoor—old Shropshire Eve: for solo

W. E. MORRISB. Flushing. Michigan.

A few choice rams priced





SHROPSHIRES right for immediate shipment.





C. J. THOMPSON. Milford. Michigan.





mono cums-geo- ..., .u o... 8......

.. D. We 3- No. a. ail. ”idiot host‘s:





urge Type P. O. Largest in Mich. Bo

L Am bookin orders for Bred Gilts. 0:39.31305'35

sas- weighs 845

xwuses field if not satisfied. Free

. E. lvingstou. Perms, Mich.





Biz Desmoins. at est B or i U. .

lbs. at 19 months. ° “ 8 °'

Livery from Per-ma.





' ——Pi tori-owed i

large Yorkshires wit”. mm... fo$¥“i.§.‘.i‘i$

ONES & LUTZ. Oak Grove. Michigan.





 





H008.

Dunc: &VlOlOTlIS—fi1?“uablo Bunch of flows of

M. '1'. Story. 3. a. 48 Mh:;lfr§?cteA .il‘iififid‘fiii:

“Emmnfis 011m tspring boars and gilts.

stock. uLanns'l's'rOOK $2h°u$lll§onififigf

110 mm ooins it‘ishzisrsais'as'3a?

A. A. PATTULLO. Dockerville, Michigan.

—B

O. I. c- SWINE 11:32 hall: O?"Sp.l?i‘1llé





pigs on hand. Will book orders for Soft. pigs,

80 in.





my Krice on pairs and trios not a

. J. GORDON B. No. 2. Don. Mich.

' —Sprin and summer ‘1’.

OllOSllll' 'hll.s your waits. Price ond‘r’lttfhii'i’yrl-igh‘ls‘.a

Meadow View Stock Farm. R. F.D. No.6. Hoiland.Mich.

- h

[I'm Ml": I eve sfew choice 701:1: breeders





of April furrow, . or sex

Twenty years c breeder. W. 0. Wilson, Okemos, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





o l 63-611“ bred for Mn. end Apr. furrow. Aug.

1 1 El . All of right 8 Ipsaoex rose.

GEO. P. A REWS. Dsusv1llo.'.‘ nghom .. Mich.





0. l. C.—-.8p;iing 15(1):: gigolo}. Hes sign: lot of

skin. Lengtxiylgrfiice 110.9315. re a 1mm!





 





 





ad 0 herd. (Will

wol‘h K can when unsure.) A. Newman. 3. 1. Harlot“. Mich.





AM

Cl





 





so. as...





. s- «m

I. B. CIALIBIS I 00.. 5383mm 3L. CHICAGO.





BIG TYPE own too '

350 sole. Prolific sndhnrd . BesTtIlooroodGBTOAr‘llim :21.

Also Ponies. J. DUNLAP. x M.Williomsport. 0 io‘





MULEFOOT HOGS roa BALE,





Both

.11 ages. (3. F. BACON. upon. 31.31.1333?“





Mu]. F.“ "u’—All ages for sale. Bi growthy,

roll 0. rflt bl.h ,

for what you Wang G. o?1i’nio£ov$?ll§li.‘g§l§





FOR SALE YORKSHIRES





Boar pigs, Aug. farrowed. from large litters.

MEADOWLAND FARM





Waterman a Waterman. Ann Arbor. Mich.





yonl‘snlll SWINE—A few choice boars left.

sale. OMANDER 31:836‘81111flfg. f§1ggf°k

YOtRKBHIRE Swine-Boats and gilts all sold. Aug.





snowed pigs. airs not skin. to l .

priee on tries. Geo. E. McMullen. GreggaLgdgggglgfig





YO R K S H l R E S

323-151: fillangm‘léiddprlfirtrmvd £§g§§°ork§$

tombomOctober and November pigs. rices reasonable.



W. C. COOK. R. 42, Ada. Mlchlglll.





llllio Farmstead Yorkshiros





I splendid ones. Fell pigs. either sex.

2m 6. 1.1





”5% % ville. meme...





When writing to advertisers please





 





mention The Michigan Farmer.
559—22 9





50c





for

Underwear i‘

is. Enough





 

 

 

 





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zzlrinlnum‘mmp)

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1





     

 

 





   

 





 

 

 





III/x2”,

I ,

”04‘.





//





 





§





(gr, that will fit.





héft will last, that will wQ





ifor giliall-dollar. §lt will hold its sligpéfand it won’t rip gt“ the seams. This

ugderwear has *thclusive leatureaiztha. .‘make it the bestg‘inderwear buy thatgx





. §

get wmier underwear t





You efii





/,,,

474.4%





3“





. \\





Here they 're: the elastic colliirette that hugs you?





‘ier crossed a co§nten



neck and keepsgimt the cold; ithg-j‘inproved culls at won't stretch; ‘e

g ‘ \\ Q‘ “‘ ' . § 9



reinforced slyou‘loErs that cant stretch or sag. p l‘ils fine underwghr is





\\\\\

* ss“\\\\\\. \\ s“





 

 

 

 

 

 





     





 

 

   





P. H. HANES Kigrrrmc

COMPANY





Winston-Salerfi, N. c.

§





§ s“‘ § \\ ,.\\

\

s“\§\\\\\ I \‘

\“ \\‘

§ss Qt \ ELA 577 \ \. NIT

. $ \\‘ \\\a.. ‘W

9 . l \ ‘

\\\\\\\:‘ .. “ygthstfig Unbred‘gcable Seams

\ \ WWW \



. \\\\\‘ \\\\\\\\ . \

\W®W\\§ that can't up, If th‘eyfido, you get a

\W\\\\\\\\\\ new garlflgflt‘fOY-‘y0¢\ money back.



g.‘ Thisls ”an»::§bsoll‘ile§guarantee and

50c .- _ _ _ _ J ' \““‘\\‘\\\‘\ . \\



8 §\\ .' ;. smeans busmessx The dealer



\ \ - ..-:.;.'.»

Garment § ;®«e ;: in your. gneare , town who

§ i {i carn¢§‘-°““Hanes { inter Un-

\ _' .

$1.00 § 2 :: derwear 1s a go‘gd man to

\, .

Union @‘k i: now. If you can§t find him,

Suit 5 ; send to us for his ziame.



n:

l l





 





\





 





'L-———~--

\

\





 





 





 





SUMMIT





 

 

 

 

 

 





VEST





Winter’s outdoor work is a pleasure in one

-. of these warm, comfortable and light-weight

garments.



See how comfortably the patented Knit-

Nek fits around the throat—not a bit of cold or

wind can get in.



The leather-lined body and leather sleeves

protect your arms and body.



Can you imagine anything more comfortable?



Your dealer has your size, or write to usfor our

interesting style book—it will help you make a





selection.

Guiterman Bros.

360 Sibley Street :: ST. PAUL, MINN.





 





 





 





 





Takes Heavy Lifts Out oi Butchering





One man can easily swing up a

SOD-pound butchered hog, without

straining his back, if he uses a





Safety

Hoist





Enables one man to change wagon boxes,

lift gas engines and handle heavy loads

easily. It elevates, lowers, locks and un-

locks with one rope only. Holds load at any

point. Heavier the load—tighter the grip.



No. 3 (illustrated )—Capacity one ton. $2.75.

One of a dozen sizes. 400 pounds to 4 tons. .



See your hardware dealer or write today

for FREE BOOK.





HALL MFG. COMPANY

802 Cedar. Street, Monticello, Iowa





 





 





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





@IIIIIIHHIIIIIIIIIIIIIJIIIIllllllllll|||Ilillll|Illilllliil|lllllllllllllliilllliiillilliililIliiiilllfllllilillllll|IllllllIllilllIlilliiilll|ill|Iiililliillillliiillililli Illlilill|IlillllliiiilllllilllililliiiflililIliilllillllllliililillillillilllfil





 





Practical





lEllllIiilill|liliill|Ilililll|li|||lillIIIlililllliiil|lli|IiiiiIIIII!||Iiil|Ililillllliillll|IllillIllillllillliiilliliiilliilllii

EGGS AS A FOOD.





BY FLOYD W. ROBISON.





(Continued from last week).

Average Per Cent of Good Eggs Too Low.

As We stated in our previous discussion,

there are only between 50 and 70 per cent

on the average, of. all the eggs marketed,

that will grade N0. 1. From 30 to 50 per

cent of the eggs are divided among the

other four classes: Dirty eggs, No. 2,

cracked eggs, and rotten eggs. With

proper care in the production of the eggs,

the class called dirty, and also No. 2,

could have been included with grade No.

1, and with more care in the handling it

seems as though the percentage of crack-

ed eggs could have been materially less-

ened. From four to 20 per cent loss due

to the cracking of eggs in packing or in

transit is a pretty heavy toll to pay for

careless handling.



if this Loss were Prevented How would



it Affect the Market?

It is interesting to contemplate what

an effect it would be on the egg market

and possibly on the price to the consumer

if this 25 per cent, or even 10 per cent,

of eggs which, through the result of care-

lessness, graded lower than No. 1, could

be included as No. 1 and hence, being

marketed, have their effect on the egg

consumption. “e do not think that there

will be enough eggs under any condition

marketed in this country for a number of

years to in any material way lower the

price to the general consumer but in

more remote American cities, such as New

York particularly, or even in cities like

Detroit, the cost of eggs to the retailer is

too much to warrant a healthy stimula-

tion of the markct. Too many families

go without eggs because the price is pro-

hibitive, whereas if enough eggs could be

marketed to hold the price 10 per cent

lower, a much greater consumption of

eggs would, in our judgment, take place.

The Producer ts Much too Blame for Egg

Deterioration.



There is no use denying the premise

that most of the blame for egg deteriora-

tion rests with the producer himself. XVe

have just the same battle to combat in

egg production that was prevalent in the

production of dairy butter. It is now Well

known that the greatest menace to the

dairy industry is the one, two or three-

cow dairies. In an exactly analagous way

the greatest menace to the egg industry

in this country is the small flocks of

chickens kept as an incidental feature of

farming on the majority of American

farms. In this respect it is no secret

among business men that the average

farmer is the most prodigal of business

men, and if an ordinary business were

conducted with the same degree of waste-

fulness and inattention to busmess» details

that prevails on many of the farms, it

would mean ruin.



Large Poultry Units will Solve the

Problem.



There was a time not very far distant

when the dairy butter that was sold was

in sufficient quantity to entirely control

the market on butter, and thcre was no

greater variety of product in existence

than dairy butter. A consumer in the

city, buying butter, one day had abso-

lutely no idea of what kind of a product

would be served to her the next day un-

der the general term butter, and it was

not until there became organized cream-

ery associations and local creameries

whore farmers brought their milk to be

made into an average community product

by an expert butter—maker that butter

began to take its proper place among

marketable products. This same condi-

tion exists in relation to egg; today. The

whole difficulty, we venture to say, over

the question of quality arises principally

because of this c0ndition which We have

described. The solution seems at hand.

It is the creation of larger poultry farm

units and consequently the increased at-

tention to poultry and egg production as

a. business that is going to be the solution

of the dilemma.



Egg Producers Must Take Pride in their

Business.



There is no excuse for the marketing of

a class of eggs called dirty eggs, neither

is there an excuse for the marketing of

a class of eggs called No. 2. There is no

consumer who will not pay more for good

sized eggs than for those that come soiled

and of all sizes, to her hand. We think

then, the first requisite in egg production

is the selection of a standard, staple





 





 





breed of fowls in exactly the same'way





DEC. 13, 1913.





 





Science. * _





iiilliiiilliiilllililiiillIiillllliliiililllIllillllilililillliilliililiiiililillliiiiillillIliillliiillllllilllllIlllillllllfl

that we maintain that the first requisite

in dairying is the selection of a standard,

staple type of an animal.



The egg business carries with it, of

necessity, a pOultry marketing business as

well, for there comes a time in the growth

of the young chicks when it becomes de—

sirable to maket all of the males of the

flock and this may become a source of

considerable profit if taken up in the

same intelligent way that we are advocat-

ing in the handling of eggs. It is now no

longer a secret that egg production is not

diminished by the absence of males from

the flock. In fact, a non-fertile egg, oth-

er things being equal, has much better

keeping qualities than does a fertile egg.

An unfertile egg will become stale if kept

a long time but it will not develop rots

and the peculiar other phenomena, such

as blood rings, etc., that are common

causes of egg deterioration in ordinary

market eggs.



Prompt Marketing is Essential.





After attention has been paid to the

details of egg production, the fowls have

ample room for exercise, and have clean

nests and opportunities for keeping them-

selves clean and in good health, the next

requisite is the prompt marketing'of the

eggs. Of course, with our ideas of hand-

ling of fowl there will be no lost nests

and no opportunity for the one who gath-

ers the eggs to come suddenly upon a

nest containing 12 or 14 eggs that he did

not knew existed. Prompt marketing will

reduce materially the percentage of stale

or bad eggs. Another vicious practice

which has done much toward keeping the

egg business an incidental business. has

been the system prevailing in many

places of using eggs as a sort of cur-

rency. Merchants buy eggs, expecting the

seller to take his pay in merchandise at

his store. In this way,‘ because of the

fact that he wants the business of the

producer he will pay for the eggs without

regard to quality. In other words, he

will pay the producer by count instead of

rejecting the eggs which are inferior or

often bad. The egg business should be a

cash business: just the same as the milk

business iSv a cash business, and only

those eggs which are valuable should be

purchased or they should be graded ac-

cording to their quality.



The Cold Storage of Eggs.



It used to be quite a common practice

among farmers to put down eggs, as it is

called, or pickle them in some way dur-

ing the fluSh of the season so that they

could be used or placed on the market

during the off season. These eggs as a.

rule, are very much inferior. A new sys-

tem has arisen in this country to take

the place of this procedure. This is the

cold storage system. This System has

been made to take the blame for prac-

tically all of the inferior eggs which are

now on the market. It is very common

to hear a consumer enjoin the market

man that he must not under any cir-

cumstances furniSh him with cold storage

eggs. In the mind of the ordinary con-

sumer cold storage eggs are inferior eggs.

\Ve think that the companies Operating

the cold storage houses are not blameless

by any means in this matter, for all too

frequently eggs have been held in cold

storage when they had materially depre-

ciated in quality and then Suddenly the

market was flooded with this class of

eggs so that the popular opinion of the

meaning of cold storage is an opinion for

which the cold storage Operators them-

selves are in a. considerable degree too

blame. \Ve think cold storage is one of

the factors helping to an intelligent and

proper solution of the egg marketing bus-

iness. The time to place the eggs in cold

storage .is when they are fresh. Eggs

which have begun to deteriorate are not

fit to be placed in cold storage, for no

system of storage or preservation will

make a bad egg good. The best that can

be hoped under ideal conditions, is that

deterioration may be checked and not

permitted to go further, but as soon as

a fermentativc- process has started in an

egg, or an enzymic change commenced,

cold storage will not entirely check the

same and such eggs invariably come out

of cold storage worse than they were

When they went in. If, however, eggs of

good quality are put into storage when

perfectly fresh those eggs, if properly

cared for and put upon the market when

they should be upon the market, will be

much better by far than any of the ordi-

nary eggs which are commonly designated

by the term “fresh.”
.DEC. 13,. 1913. I _'





All





mullummmmumuuwwmmnmlmI1mmmlmmummuufl





Grange.





Eumimmmml 1:. -



Our Motto—“The farmer is of more

consequence than'the farm, and should be

first improved."





lilill‘ll





lllltilllllllllllllh





 





THE DECEMBER PROGRAMS.





 





Suggestions for Second Meeting.



Music.



Down-to—date question box on foodsand

feeding. (Members number about the hall

and odd numbers ask questions for even

numbers to answer). '



Review of 1913 in notable public events.



Christmas poetry, by children and oth-

ers.



Music. . .



Roll call, reSponded to by each givmg

a motto. .



Christmas exchange of good WlSheS.





NATIONAL GRANGE NOTES.





 





The biennial election of officers resulted





in the choice of the following: Master,

Oliver Vi'ilson, Illinois; overSeer, W. H.

Vary, New Yorkr lecturer, G. W. F.





Gaunt, New Jersey; steward, F. C. Ban—





croft, Delaware; ass‘t steward, J. A.

Sherwood, Connecticut; chaplain, A. P.

’Reardon, Kansas; treasurer, Mrs. E. S.

McDowell, Massachusetts; secretary, C.

M. Freeman, Ohio; gate keeper, C. L.

Rice, Minnesota; Ceres, Mrs. Richard

Pattee, New Hampshire; Pomona, Mrs.





J. C. Ketcham, Michigan: Flora. MrS- J-

A. Peckham, Rhode Island; Lady Ass't

Steward, MrS. H. Harland, Idaho; mEm-

ber of executive committee, A. B. Jud-

son, Iowa. .



The proposed amendment to the consti-

tution to the efiect that subordinate

Granges must hold at least One meeting

each month, and at least six regular or

special meetings per year, received favor-

able action by 12 State Granges, while

two voted against it As the amendment

did not receive the neceSSary two-thirds

vote, it was lost. - .



The Grange decided to retain $100,000 i

the treasury for permanent investment,

and to use the surplus, after expenses

are paid, for Grange organization at the

rate of not over $2.000 for present Grange

states, and $5,000 for states not now or-

ganized.



In regard to taxation the Grange de-

clared for-uniform tax laws in all of the

states to prevent tax dodging from one

state to another. '



Last year a resolution creating a Bu-

reau of Informatioa. with the secretary of

the National Grange at its head, was

adopted. In response to a circular letter

to the secretary of each State- Grange in

regard to this, the State Granges of Illi-

nois, Iowa, Nebraska and Ohio reported

that they had voted to establish such bu-

reaus. New Jersey did not think the

plan suited to their needs, but they were

doing some co~operative work. Maryland

reported no information bureau, but sent

a copy of a trade notice sheet which they

were uSing. Kansas reported that they

had been working along this line, had

been gathering information from all over

the world as to oo-operative movements,

and were looking for a man to head this

bureau who knows something of agricul-

tural economics, but more particularly of

the commercial operations of the country,

marketing problems, etc. They have also

been





trying to put growers in corres-

pondence with buyers, and in this way

have assisted in the sell'ng of several





hundred cars of apples, com ard alfalfa.

Michigan reported the appointment of a

special deputy who stands ready to go to

any community and assist in the organ-

izat-iOn of co—opcrative selling associations

for the marketing of such farm products

as can be handled in carioad lots.





Secretary of Agriculture Houston ad-

dressed the Grange on one of the early

days of the meeting, his subject being

“The Organization of American Agricul-

ture.” In sizing up agricultural condi-

tions he stated that less than 40 per cent

of the cultivated land in the United

States is reasonably well cultivated, and

that less than 12 per cent is yielding

maximum returns. He regretfully refer-

red to the fact that we have ceased to be

a nation exporting food products and are

becoming dependent upOn foreign coun-

tries for the necessities of life, but con—

tended that we have not reached the limit

of our output from the soil—as a matter

of tact have not reached the end of the

pioneer stage. So absorbed have we be-

come in building up great industrial cen-

ters that we have neglected and failed to

think of the very foundations of our in-

dustrial existence, and he declared that

the same business sense and organizing

genius that have placed the nation in the





THE MIC H IGANL FARMER’V,

Special Bargain Combinations.





We have arranged here a. list of special bargain combinations which





front rank of industry must be invoked

to'the benefit of agriculture.

for the high cost of living and the mea-

gre production of the soil, he contended,

lies in the correction of the existing chaos

and consequent wastes resulting from

faults on the part of the farmer in the

growing and handling of his products;

from the machinery of distribution, in-

cluding physical equipment and physical

handling; from the manipulation of mid-





dlemen who perform no useful and neces—'





sary service; from ignorance on the part

of the consumer of the character of the

supplies which come to his table; from

jealousies which exist in many states be-

tween state agricultural commissions

and agricultural colleges and the cou—

sequent duplication of work in many

10ca1ities. As an instance of the Depart-

ment’s endeavor toveliminate waste, the

Secretary stated that in the estimates

just submitted to Congress it has been

recommended that the distribution of or-

dinary vegetable and flower seeds be dis-

continued and that part of the $300,000

heretofore devoted to this purpose be used

to procure, progagate and distribute

among the people, new and valuable seeds

and plants. He is clearly opposed to the

multiplying propositions, touching the

much discussed question of rural credits,

which conceive the farmer to be a men-

dicant and a subject for special legilation,

but will lend his support to any proposi-

tion which will assist in creating condi-

tions and machinery which shall enable

the farmer, on a similar credit founda-

tion, to secure his money at the same

rates as any other class in the communi-

ty. He detailed the plan of investigation

in the field of marketing which the De-

partment has under way, and closed with

a strong plea for co-operative action and

rural organization.



Memorial services were held Nov. 15 for

the following preminent members of the

order who have died during the year:

0. H. Kelley, founder of the Grange, who





died in February; Robert Eaton, maSter

of Illinois State Grange; David L. Rus-

sell, past muster \Yashington State





Grange; Levi Booth, past master Colora-

do Stute Grange; Richmorid Coles, past

master New Jersey State Grange; Sam-

uel A. Houston, past master “'est Virgin-

ia State.Grange; Sister Adams, wife of

Samuel E. Adams, past master National

Grange; Sister Patterson, wife of B. C.

Patterson, paSt master Connecticut State

Grange.





 





HOME-COMING AND THANKSGIVING.





MEETING.





 





On, Saturday, November 22, the fortieth

anniversary of ‘Williamston Grange, of

Ingham county, was observed by a Home-

coming and Thanksgiving celebration par-

ticipated in by about 100 present and for-

mer members and their friends. An ap—

propriate Thanksgiving program was ren-





dered in the forenoon, the feature of

which was a talk on “What has the

Grange to be thankful for?” by John





Dexter. Crop yields in this part of the

country, as compared with those in other

parts, were mentioned, as were the gen-

erally favorable weather conditions here

and our dependence upon that higher

power which shapes and directs all things.

Bro. Dexter also commented on the

growth of the Grange and of the good

effect of teat-hing agriculture in public

schools. All these he summed up in an

able manner as blessings which we farm-

ers enjoy. A sumptuous chicken-pie din—

ner was served at noon upon tables beau-

tifully decorated with yellow and white

Chrysanthemums and maiden—hair ferns.

The afternoon program was given over to

the home-comers, Master Leon E. \Vebb

making the welcoming address in which

he. reviewed the history of the Grange

from its inception, described its early

struggles far existence and characterized

it as the greatest organization ever start-

ed for and by farmers. The response was





made by Stanley Clafiin, of Locke Grange. ‘





who spoke particularly of the Grange’s

good influence in keeping boys and girls

upon the farm. The roll call of the first

Grange was given by Mrs. Margaret

“'ebb. There are only nine members

living and two of these—Mrs. Amelia

\‘I’ebb and Mrs. Margaret I‘Vebb—were

present. The roll of old members was

called by A. E. Andrews. Mrs. Amelia

Vl'ebb thanking the present Grange, in the

name of the charter members, for the in-

vitation to this meeting. The roll of pres-

ent members was then called by the sec-

retary. “The Product of the Grange”

was the subject of the last talk. deliv-

ered by Past Master W. T. Webb, who

told of the organization of the Grange in

the basement of the Methodist Church in

“'iiliamston. Its first master was Bro.

John Grimes. At times there were only

a few members but those few kept strug-

gling to keep the Grange together. Then

he showed how a Grange is a great help

to a community. s0cially, financially and

educationally.

politics into the organization it can op-

pose what its members do not want from

the Legislature and by approving desira-

ble measures can become a factor in gov—

emment. A few musical numbers closed





this program and a meeting which will.





long be remembered as the most enjoya-

ble held by this Grange—Hazel Pfelfle.





The remec‘. y '





Without bringing partisan,





 





23e-551





 





will save you considerable on your reading matter.

tutions of other magazines which are the same price can be made.

must take the entire combination just as it is.



club from the club list if none of these suit you.





substi-

You

You can make up your

Each paper of a com-





No





bination can be sent to a different address, thus making it possible to

divide a. combination among friends or relatives as Christmas gifts. A

good publication makes an excellent Christmas gift.





 





No. 1





THE MICHIGAN FARMER...-. . .$ .50 -

THE AMERICAN BOY..... .. .. .. 1.00 .





Regular Price, one year each. . . . . . 1.60





OUR PRICE ONLY $1.00





No. 2





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. . . . . .5 .50

AMERICAN SWINE HERD. . . . . . .50

."HAND BOOK ON THE SOW". . . .50





Regular Price, one year each. . . . . , 1.50





 





OUR PRICE ONLY 75c





No. 3

THE MICHIGAN FARMER... . . ..3 .50

COLLIER’S WEEKLY . . . . . . . . . . . 2.50

DELINEATOR ......... 1.50





Regular Price, one year each...... 4.50





OUR PRICE ONLY - $2.75





 





No. 0-





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.... .l. .50

MCCALL’S MAGAZINE. _. .... . . . . . .50'

McCLURE’S ...........a.., 1.50

Regular Price. one yer mm”... 2.50





OUR PRICE ONLY $1.95





No. 10





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.. .. .3

AMERICAN SWINE HERD. . . . . .

HAND BOOK ON THE SOW.. .

POULTRY POINTERS. . . . . .. . . . .

WOMAN'S WORLD. . .. .......... .35





Regular. Price, one year each. . . . . . . 2.35

OUR PRICE ONLY $1.10





No. 11





THE MICHIGAN 'FARMER.... .5 .50

THE MUSICIAN.‘-¢.Anettecaococc 1-50

MCCALL'S MAGAZINEOoOCOOOlo o. 0



AMERICAN BOY...........,.... 1.00





Regular Price. one year each. . . . . . . 8.60





OUR PRICE ONLY $2.40





00,00-





.50

.50

.50





 





No. 4





THE MICHIGAN FARMER ...... $ .50,



THE WOMAN’S HOME COM.

PANION ......N... 1.50



AMERICAN MAGAZINE .... . . . . . . . 1.50





Regular Price, one year each. . . . . 3.50





OUR PRICE ONLY $2.75





W No. 5





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. . .. . .3 .50

FRUITBELT ......... .



POULTRY POINTERS. . . . .. . . . . . .50

WOMAN’S WORLD............'.. .85





Regular Price, one year eabh. . . . . . . 1.85





OUR PRICE ONLY $1.00





 





No. 6





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. . . . . .5 .50

MCCALL’S MAGAZINE. . . . . . . . . . . .

POULTRY POINTERS . . . . . . . . . . . .50





Regular Price. one year each. . . . . . 1.50





OUR PRICE ONLY $1.00 ,





No. 7





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.. ....s .50

AMERICAN BOY................. 1.00

LADIES’ WORLD ...... 1.00





——





Regular Price. one year each. . . 2.50





OUR PRICE ONLY $1.60

No. 8





No. 12





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.... ..s .50

AMERICAN SHEEP BREEDER. 1.00

POULTRY POINTERS.. . . . ..



WOMAN’S WORLD.............. .35





Regular Price, one year each. . .. .. . 2.35





OUR PRICE ONLY $1.50





A No. 13





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.. . . . .0 .50

YOUTH'S COMPANION. . . . . .. . . 2.00

LADIES‘ WORLD................ 1.00





———





Regular Price, one you each. . . . . . . :50





OUR PRICE ONLY $2.75





No. 14





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. . .. . .3 .50

ANY ONE DETROIT DAILY

(except News) ..... W. 8

WOMAN’S WORLD.. . . .. .. .. .85

POULTRY POINTERS. . . . . . . . . . . .50

FRUIT BELT ........... .r........ .50





...—

Regular Price. one year each . . . . . . . 4.35





OUR PRICE ONLY $2.60





No. 15

THE MICHIGAN FARMER. . . . . .3 .50





ANY ONE GRAND RAPIDS.

DAILY... ........... .

WOMAN’S WORLD ..... .......a. .35

POULTRY POINTERS.. .. .. .50

FRUITBELT........ ...... .50





Regular Price, one year each. . . . . . . 8.85





OUR PRICE ONLY $230





 





 





 





 





 

 





 





 





   





 





 





 





.50 .





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. . . . . .5 .50 No. 16

i ' ~



EQIISI‘EE'RVEI’IG‘KEEKLY - - -- .. ' ' ' ~ 3-3: THE MICHIGAN FARMER. . .. ..c .50

AMERICAN BOY” " " ”"" 1'00 MCCALL’S (and Pattern).. .. .... .. .50

................ . TODAY'S (and Patm).'...’.... .50

Regular price. one year each. . . . . . . 5.00 Regular Price, one year each. . ... .. 1.60



OUR PRICE ONLY $2.85 ' OUR PRICE ONLY 95c.



. n , I Seml W'eekly Newspapers I r

'0 lgan armer s _ u Is I Journal. Detroit. Mich................... 1.“)119 7”



Weekly Newspapers '



For the benefit. and convenience 01 our subscriber-I Blade. Toledo, Ohio... . %% 1 g 35)

we have arranged the (allowing list. of spam on which Commoner, Lincoln. .Ncbu ---------------- 1 00 1 00 n-

we can save them money. Besides t 9 money, they Enquirer. Cincinnati. 0...... 00 } 00 a

save ageltrouble and expense of sending each order £2$€lgewfilgwscgfizggo (W) ----------------- i 00 1 05 60

so u 8" " .................n.-



bX‘PLA‘NATION—Tee first column is the regular Cattle. Sheep. Swine. Poultry. etc- I

802112333338 pgl’lge grad:efg‘rhfrvgzg'esmsubgc’fipmxtg American POUR“! Journal, Ch icumo. (In) 1 00 l a) .75 .

both theother paper and the Michigan Farmer. American POUR” Admc‘wf” . S-‘Tawse' 1 50’ 89 398 ’

third column gives the price at which the other 2mm???“ gh999h3'%9 der- .91 ”3330 (111).. 2811 #3 35 .

impermaybe adéledawhen threshor more are ordfred. 1332,2333? eggfwefim SEE,“ (“‘3’ “mm“ 1 '75 1 45 1 00



price Is no 3 ven In t is co umn as us. . . ‘ . """"" i

Example: We will send the Michi an Fafimer and £1135}? 52;?“ rfficfifib figslez-hm)’ 1% $36 is;

azirgfiisanlsiaima {sad-E .5.- a. a Greens m 6...... n schemata: 33 w! a»

his“ W ”- .... we" ... We ..., 2,8 Existential“ Elli New» “ i 00 i (if 1 55

ccriberg‘tthg‘hglll’lgg fiz’gge’: they are r a an ' Jersey Bulletin. Ind ianap ulna. Ind. (w) 1 (”135 90

YEfAl’tcéu rams; thg MICHIGAN FARMg’aRrrTIERggE Kimflbgl: 9 Dairy Farm or, II uterloo, la. 1 (Il’l 05‘ 75



an act or a ere one car a mo 0 e .- ............ . ......................... . ,

second coluuiu price.p or the ichigan Faé'mefi' 5 ggfiig’fkggggmdmhgo “ifil‘l-(xggfmfi‘. ('11.) 1 g l gl lag

giamuMAdgr-gés all: 9211(1))! figl‘i‘irzfpl“ 0 0‘ er goufiry gointera’gulamg. zloi) gielis..." % gig; SA;

', - ‘ ou ry ucoosc, ring 9 , .( .. .‘

our gigglsrdem to the Mich’nn Farmer or through ‘ Reliable Poultry thurnal. QuincyfljllJm) 50 80 35



We will take your order for any publication you sw‘fidBfgfigf" Journal. Induuflp‘m‘ 50 80’ .

"at whether“ 10, not. wme {or mm. . . 35



NOTE.—So long “II a subacrlléer let on mg; list to; PopuIar Magazines. ‘

one or more years 6 may or or a any 111 an ' ' .



' Publications at third column price. 80 til“ 8 “"98 ggfgggné‘emgms I? 383“). (m).... gig é $212513

of five year subscriber does not. lose the advantage 0f Everybodys Ma. azine N Y Ci’t'HIm) H 1 501 60 l 15

the redacted prioeféf he wants any other paper next Etude, Philade phia a' (n3) " 1 50 1 60 1 15

year or eyeara er. , ' ‘ ' '

Subscriptions ordered to Canada require POSMG‘G- £11331: 3;; “$352136 11:?” g gggdfngf’” 1 $41 8.8 1 3);,

Write for rate: unless outage in known. in that 0859 Musician, Boston Mass (In ’ 1 50 1 55—1 10

Include wtth order. ostaae on Michigan Farmer. People's Home Journ al.’ N. Y'bmdxb 5W 85 40

alone to Canada Is 1 cent per week. peamn'g Magazine. New York (it)... (myrm 1 55 1 10



1 Red_Book Magazine Chi cage, III. (111).. 1 50 l 55 1 10



NAME OF PUBLICATION See exp 8118- Renew of Reviews. ’N. Y. City. (m)...... 3 (X) 3 (I)



' tion above. Ladlec' or Honchold. l l

D Ii . . ' . ......m ‘

may. (a a Week) on n. F. B. only. I s U D3.I2§3§?§I.NY.¥Jagy‘.t<ym lm’mMJIZZI. 1 % I g 1 3

Free Press. Detroit........................ 2 502 so . Housewife. N. v. City. (m)................ 50I 80 35

Journal. Desi-om... 2 50 2 50 Ladies 'World. New York City.....,.. 1 00 1 00 so

Tiles. Detl'O‘lt ..... 2 oo 2 00 McCall'- Ilnune. N. Y City. (m)...... SDI 85 40

Herald. Grand Ba ids..... . . . 2 50 2 00 MOthOI'I MIG” E1 [11. III. (In) . . ...... 1 50’1 55 l 15

News. Grand Rep: , Mich. 0011 75 Modern Priscilla. oston. Mun. (m).... 1 00d ‘5? 80

Press, Grand Bap ........ 2 0) 2 25 Pictorial Review N. Y. City. (111).... ...... 1 00:1 40 95

Courier-Herald, Saginaw. .. 2 50 2 25 Woman 8 Home Com ion. N.Y.Olty. m l 50 l 00 l 15

News Saginaw. . ., z 002 25 Woman World. Chicago. (m).... ........ 25 00 15

grazing Bay City. Mich. . . . g 3 2 3’5, Religious and Juvenile.



gauges“. Tgie‘aar'zsn'grzz::.':::::::::::: oo 2 05 W ?.%"5D°“1‘."".l“f>‘* uni-... 1 on 1 00 gg

3:1“; “rm“- “‘°""""“"" 2 °° 2 0" Little Fn ks. sham. MEL. '(mI'JTBIIII ”0% g 1 00

00k 1 Newspapen Young People's Weekly. Elgin. Ill. (WA 75 951 50

. World. N. YClty 100 1 20 75 Youth! Oomvanlon. Boston. Mass. 200 25200



_ . _ :2 .
552—24





Book-‘7‘?





H.

, . "ill“ “10.1.1.5”.

. . I

l‘ ' '. I .

"'iroil‘lllli'liwl‘hul-m'i‘





_ _ w ,a.

Hil‘pjilrl . AlfmeIw“.





This WIMEMMM after 26 can still of

good service to 834, Stone? onu‘uoomgf Mug





WIT E glollrs





Kerosene, Gasoline & Gas

You can now own an Engine for

less than you can do without one.





Look at These Prices!





2 114’. 839.45; 4 ll-P. $75.50: 6 ll-P. $99.35:

8 ll-P. $149.90; ll ll-P. $218.90; 20 ll-P, $389.50

Other Sizes. up to 40 ll-P. Proportionally Low.

Btationary,Portable, Skidded and Sawrig styles.

Standard for 27 years. Why pay two prices for a

ood engine or take chances on a poor, or doubt-

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Book Free arrange to try any gn-

gine. Costs you nothing to be sure or If





our selection, even if you don’t pick IV

Z W TE. earn the inside of the dad ’0

engine business and how to judge ‘ 89

engines for yourself. an



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my Latest and Best Offer by E

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O .



Ed. ILWllle Engine Works T5-





 

   

 

 





 

   





 





2195 (lakland Ave. Kansas chla.





 





Learn from our Free book

LIVE STOCK

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GROUND [FEED

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I A money-saver—fat-



tens pigs. lice s flock



1 sleek and Wei . Pays



for itself by doubling



food value—prevents

hog cholera. too.





Strong. simple. quick-

haating. Low price-

write today





Heesen Bros. & Co.





Box lill Tecumseh. Mich.





 





 





 





 





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incenis l’er Ilod





wire Double

2 to '1. how

for





compare

TH! BROWN FENCE &





“mu FENGE





 





 





 





 





 





 





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I ‘ [\‘7\‘>>,V ’

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Store Your Fruit and Vegetables

In a Concrete Cellar





When you store your fruit and vegetables this winter. do you’

expect to lose part of them by freezing P Not if you have a con-





crete cellar, properly constructed of ,

‘ ETOI‘RTIAN II





UNIVERS caucus





It will be warm, dry and moisture proof; will not rot or crack. In such a store.

house your vegetables and roots will keep without decay, and be protected

from rats and mice



Send for our free illustrated 160 page book,“Small Farm Buildings



of Concrete.” It is full of practical information for the farmer,



and contains instructions for building concrete structures.





Universal Portland Cement Co.





   





 

 





 





   

   





CHICAGO PITTSBURGH MINNEAPOLIS

. _ eurlt Bu.» Bull

1,: wfl'lul’nanmis‘aiufl humiliated and}: lined”





 





 

 





   





0 ./

Weatherproof is expense-proof

Trinidad Lake asphalt makes roofing astingly tight against rain.

sun, wind, snow, heat and cold.

This is the everlasting waterprooier of Nature. We use it to make





reinvas:g‘© 'I'I'I EifR‘INIDfDil-AKfiTASPflAL





Because it gives absolute protection Genasco is economical roofing—





it costs less in the end.



Ask your dealer for Genasco. Mineral or smooth surface. Look for the hemisphere

trademark. The Kant-leak Kleet is in every roll of smooth surface Genasco. It water-

proofs seams without cement and prevents nail-leaks.





The Barber Asphalt Paving Company Philadelphia

- INQF Yorléan Franciscghicaco





 





   

   

   

   





 





\ Largest producers in the world

of asphalt and ready roofing





   

   

 

 

 





 

 





 





 





 

 





.Ic 1' 0'





(I





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





Cost only one-third as muc as ordinary iron. wire or gas pipe .

gates, but last twice as long. Neat in appearance—best and strongest gate .

made—light. easy to handle. opens both ways. Boards are double bolted



between eight angle steel uprights and double truss braces. guaranteed nmf to one. - .





Cost Less Than All Wood Gates—Last 5 Tillie: as Long

fiszEsfssméwstews”: wire" is‘ "19*“ 8““: rm...

two niece mulleab a blazes. Bis 'l‘ria'agulhr iii-ii:- aficun'm"§§.€.1‘3§3:i°u3n2.





ufi.v.no“,p,.., Improved Elevating Attachment pol-min the no. to a. mind mu hnzth

—-——___ f . and to swing our snow.





rain 6 to 80 inches. so small stock

30 Days Free Trial and " 7.;





5 Year Guarantee

Catalog shows both complete Gates

and just msgsfiglrsgt 22k“ sail: “gagged



‘tri-l mdlrzwmwxamfi of", m 2

Alvin V. Rom. Pros. .

DWI: MANUFACTURING co. '

665 Home 8L. Galeelmrg III . ‘~





 





 





 





 





;





 





 





 





m i VL:





 





4| INCHES HIGH

100 other styles of 2'

Earm, F‘Poultry dandt



awn encmg has

from facto at save—the- GENTS

dealer’snp t-prices. Our A IIOII

large catalog is free.





 





 





 





muslin nos. Box Hollands. as





 





 





I Michigan White Cedar ' THE SMOKE! Winn SPLIOER‘

’ ' Wraps large eternal! wire





‘ ' in narrowest space in

. woven fence. Sample by

ma - st paid 50c. A cute wanted. Free illulw





GEORGE M. CHANDLER. Onaway. lion. tra circular. A. B. 3.031800. LebanonJ}





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 





Direct From the Facto





and keep the dealer's profit in your own

pocket. We sell you at exactly the same

price as your dealer would have to pay us.

We protect you with





Our Guarantee





that every sheet must be perfect, full Weight

and brand new or it doesn’t cost you a cent.



It pays to buy this kind of roofing. While

we sell it to you for the some or less money

than ordinary competive quality roofing, it is

much cheaper in the end. Besides





We Pay the Freight





and our price list shows exactly what your roof-

ing would cost laid down at your railroad sta-

tion. Send today for catalog and samples re.





The Ohio Galvanlzma' ' & Mannheim] Company





27AMSL.Niles. Ollie

Manure Spreader $6 4L5

Prices Slashed! , Up





My low direct-from-factory prices Will

save you $26 to $50. My prices on complete

sgreaders. $64.75 to $79.50. Attachments only

3 9.50 up. Think of it! Prices never before

equaled. Lowest ever made! write today—act

quick. These special prices good for 60 days only.





., ”'1‘" ’ -

A\\\m\o 30 Days Free Trial

, Backed by a, $26,000 legal

o nd. Five year warranty.

0.000 Galloway spreaders now in

use. Proved best by actual test.

“of (#31: my gatalog tfind spelcial 1913



‘5 0 er an owes '

. WRITE TODAY—ERecc‘l’aNgms.

WILLIAM GALLOWAY CO.

189 Galloway Station («9) Waterloo, lows)





New Scientific No. 20 Mill





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





Heavy steel legs and steel

hop er. Most efficient

an strongest small

pastor mill ever built.

ill rind cob corn

shelle corn oats an

. all other small rains to

' any desired are e. from

hominy feed to meal.





Fully Guaranteed 1





Equipped with flywheel.

00 d rolled steel shaft,

end thrust ball bearing

and 8-inch high carbon

grinding plates.



Two sets of plates fpr-

nlshed With each mill.

Adapted tor use in any locality. We stand back of

every claim we mlke for it. Write for descriptive catalog.





THI BAUER BROS. 00., Bill 508 Snilngllclll. 0M0





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





Reasons Why You Should





2 0 investigate the SAN DOW





Kerosene Siaiionary ENGINE





It runs on kerosene (coal oil). “saline.

alcohol or distillate without change of

equipment—starts without cranking-—

runs in either direction—throttle gov-

erned—hopper cooled-speed controlled

while running—no cams—no valves—no

gears—no sprockets—only three moving

_ parts — portable - light weight — great

- D power-starts easily at 40 degrees below

zero—complete. ready to run-chil-

dren operate them -b-year iron-

clad guarantee — 15-day money-



’ back trial. Sizes 2 to 20 E. P. t

read a postal today for free catalog.

which shows how Sandor! will be useful

to you. Our special advertising propo-



' slilon saves you one-hall cost of first

engine sold in your county. (167)





i. i. ‘ Detroit Motor Car SnpplyCo.

164 Canton Ave, Detroit. Mich.





   





 





 





Catalog and facts from 00mm and Tile Deal. 1 9

“LAMAZOO TANK & SILO C0" “calm, Mich.





 





 





no ii ' . our IIAMn

10 hours. Send [or Free catalog No. E44 showingylow price and

LATEST lngOVItlilRN’l‘S. First order secures agency.



Folding Sawing Mach. Co..lGl W. Harrison St. Chitin. Ill.





 





 





 

 

 

 





Portable Wood





.- .SAW





Guaranteed 1 year. Cheapest and beet

—ouly $10 saw to which ripping table

can be added. Operates easily. Get

catalogue now and save money. No

middleman's refit.





Battier 6 Zoo! 00.. x 23 , Belle'llle. Pa.





. . MILLS

d flwfim t





t . hm. ‘ -



Corn with :Iiuelia and all . .

.‘ wr’ \ aroma. (Also make 10 sizes of belt mills)

‘_\ Fall-Booklet on‘Tesds and Us..."

. D.N.P.Iweber 60.. South lend. hi.





 





       

     





 





 





Mntlon the Michigan Farmer





 





when writing to adveriler‘ae.