VOL. CXLII. No. 1.

Whole Number 3764.





 





The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock‘dournal in the State.





DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, JAN. 3, 1914.





50 CENTS A YEAR

52 FOR 5 YEARS.





rue Stories About Self-Made Farmers





How One Young Man Earned His Own Farm and Made a Notable Success of Farming.





to this country in mid-life to earn

for themselves a home and a com-

petence in this land of opportunity, the

subject of this sketch labored Witlh‘them

to that end until he attained the years of

his majority. Working on the home farm





BORN of English parents who came





in summer, or contributing his earnings





when he could be spared to help other

farmers in the neighborhood, to aid his

father in paying off the mortgage, doing

chores and working Saturdays for his

board each winter after he reached his

“teens" and attending the district sc'hOOI

which ‘is his only alma matter, this young

man arrived at the age of 21 years with

very limited resources. TheSe consisted

mostly of a. splendid physique, excellent

health and good habits, due to the busy

and useful nature of his boyhood. His

financial resources were limited to the

proceeds from a patch of cucumbers

which his father permitted him to grow

for himself the previous summer which,

like those preceding it, was devoted to

helping his father with the season’s work.



With this small capital, and a desire to

see something of the world, he started

out after the fall work was done on the

home farm, to make his fortune, as so

many young men have done from time

immemorial. Accustomed to farm work

and having little experience in any other

kind of employment, he first made for the

harvest fields ofnth-e corn belt and when the

huskinvg season was over followed Horace

Greely’s advice to young men by going

west, working at Whatever employment

Offered until hefinally landed on an irri-

gated alfalfa and dairy ranch in Nevada,

where efficient labor was paid high wag-

es, ‘but where, though perhaps considered

“worthyof his hire,” the laborer received

nothing further in the way of human

consideration. Tiring of the life, he re-

turned to his native state after some 18

months and spent the next five years

working for farmers in his old home c0m-

munity, where his services commanded a

premium above the “going,r wages.” Un-

like many young men with similar oppor-

tunities, he saved his money and at the

end of this period of his experience he

found himself in the possession of a tidy

bank account of some $1,050.



Then, at the age of 28 years, he mar-

ried and begun housekeeping On a rented

.fairm, his savings providing the means for

securing thenecessary equipment. And

right at this point this young man ex-

hibited 'the good sense and business abil—

ity which has contributed so greatly to

his later success. His father's farm was

a rather unproductive, rolling and broken

sandy soil. from which he felt that the

yield was m0st often not commensurate

with the labor expended. So in selecting

a farm for rental he made a canvas of

the country for miles around until he se-

cured at farm which was in good repute

from the standpoint of production, al-

though the buildings Were sadly out of

repair. Two years on this farm gave him

such an enviable reputation as aqhard

and efficient worker and good farmer that

he could practically make his own selec-

tion from the farms Which were for rent

in that and adjoining townships. Then

he moved to a better form with better

buildings ind made a still greater suc-

cess.



.But he was not satisfied. Working a

wanted farm is uphill business at the best,

and he was a hard worker and felt the

effect of-his ~work. Like many another

successful farmar- he beca‘mepf the opin-

iOnuthat he “cmi'rnake a living easier,"





so when opportunity presented itself to

go into other business he resolved to

make the change. Consequently he made

a sale and converted his accumulation of

property into cash, to find that the pro-

ceeds from his sale added to his already

respectable nest egg, amounted to ap-

proximately $2,500.



This amount he invested in a country

mercantile business of which he assumed

the active management. This was, to

him, an illuminating experience. What

he had believed would prove an easier

way of earning a livelihood and ultimately

a competence, he found to be a most c0n-

finin-g task, worrying his spirit and even

undermining .hi-s magnificent health. So,





The farm has been re-fenced, a windmill

has been erected from which water is

delivered though the house to concrete

tanks at the barn and the farm house is

now in the process of remodeling. Up-to-

date farm equipment has been added as

needed, some of the more expensive and

less used implements being owned in

partnership with a near neighbor. _In the

barn are to be found a new automobile.

a new carriage and a two—seated surrey

which will accommodate the whole fam-

ily—there are three fine children—aside

from the utility conveyances needed in

the conduct of the farm business. The

presence of these pleasure vehicles is a

good indication of the fact that this fam-





 





 





Farm Home and





 





 





 





notwithstanding the fact that the busi-

ness was successful and profitabie, W'hen

opportunJi-ty offered after two years he

’retired from it and inveSted his accum-

ulated savings in a small farm.



Here, again, he sought fur and wide,

with an eye to the quality of land rather

than to fine improvements, and purchased

the SO-alcre farm on which he now re-

sides, in Novi Township, Oakland county.

Because the improvements had not been

kept in a high state of repair he was able

to purchase this farm at $60 per acre.

Anfter investing in the necessary equip-

ment fer its operation he found himself

in debt $2,000 on the land. In three years

this indebtedness was paid. Since that

time many dmprovements have been made.





 





 





ily does not find farm life one of un-





mitigated care and labor, although here

business comes before pleasure, as it ever

must if success is to be attained. Also

a fine dairy herd of high-grade Holsteins

has displaced the aggregation of star

boarders 'with which the owner. of this

farm started dairying in a small way. As

an illustration of the difference in the

results secured from this herd and the

original cows, it is but necessary to state

that the owner’s October milk check

from eight cows, some of which Were

strippers, was $98.26, while the annual re-

ceipts from this small herd run consider-

ably over $100 per head. In shanp con-

trast with these results were the returns

from the ordinary cows which they dis-





~ '; ‘fse-lf-made farmer”





placed, from an equal number of which

the monthly milk check reached but $25

or $30. Instead of simply concluding that

the dairy business didn't pay, this novice

at the business studied the cauSe of the

low receipts and removed it by disposing

of the star boarders and replacing them

with good cow's as opportunity offered.

Every experienced farmer‘rwviil know that

it requires a considerable investment to

rehabilitate a run-down farm, even to

the degree above described, and to pro-

vide the equipment enumerated. The fact

that through his.own unaided efforts he

has been able to buy and thus improve

and equip this farm, and accumulate a

tidy bank account besides, at 40 years of

a", makes George Newbound, of Oak-

land vounty, an example of that type of

:0 common in Mich-

igan, which should prove an inspiration





‘ to the young their who would like to be





farmers if they only had the farms.



The most interesting part of rthis story

would be the details of how all this has

been accomplished by the subject of this

sketch. Space would not permit the print-

ing of these, were they all available.

Certain prominent factors of his success

may, however. be briefly menitioned. As

will be gathered from the above story,

Mr. Newbound engaged in the dairy bus-

ineSS for the first time after buying this

farm. Like most renters, he had been to

some degree a soil robber while working

rented farms, as is the inevitable result

under our present system of short and in-

definite tcnantry. But not so on his own

fulm. licre he has kept live stock to





‘ consume most of the roughage and grain





produced on the farm, although some

hay has been sold on the Detroit market

when hay was bringing a high price. As

a main factor in this contingent of live

stock dairy cows Were selected because

they would bring a constant and steady

income, a considerable part of which was

represented by his own lab'or invested in

their care. Besides the dairy cows some

young cattle have been fed almost eVery

year in order to utilize all of the avail-

able roughage and grain and Still retain

the fertility on the farm.



In addition to the manure thus made

Mr. Ncwbound has used (-onnncrclal fer—

tilizcr to some cxtt'llt in a supplementary

way. The fertility of this. nwtually good

soil has been conserved by this means

and by a judicious rotation of crops to

such good purpose that one field of oats

this‘year yielded over 70 bushels per





: were, and eight ncrm of ensilage corn re-





quired over five pounds of twine per acre





to bind it and iilled a 16x30 silo. Besides

this, six acres of corn was husked, and

this also was an excellent crop. Besides





the corn and out-4, barley is grown, be-

cause of its superiority as a crop with

which to seed the land to clover. Pota-

toes is the principal cash crop grown.

Formerly these, and sometimes the tim—

othy hay which was sold, were hauled

some 25 miles and Sold on the general

market in Detroit, but with increased

prosperity this practice has been prac-

ti'cazlly abandoned, and the crops grown

have been such as can be growu and

-marketed in a similar way by the aver-

age general farmer in Michigan. The ro—

tation used is a short one in which the

corn and potatoes are planted on clover

sod and followed by small grains, the

land being again seeded in the oats or

barley or, as is sometimes the case, in

wheat following one of these crops.

Formerly this husky young farmer did

nearly all the work on .‘this 80-acre farm 2"





i
' 2—2





himseif, which he was alble to accomplish

by efficient planning and management as

well as hard labor. This factor in his

success can be well illustrated by the

following incident. A visitor at his farm

during the early winter offered to aid'him

in his chores by cleaning out the cow

‘staible. He accepted the offer but in-

:tructed his friend on just how to do the

job. Many readers will doubtless smile at

this, but- there was a very good reason

for his method of doing this very com-

monplace task. The manure from the sta-

bie was piled in a carefully built conical

heap outside the stab-1e door, but away

from the eaves of the barn, instead of

being thrown out pro-miscuously through

a more convenient door which the former

owner of the farm had used for that pur—

pose. His instructions to his helper were

to place the manure all in a. certain in-

dicated place On the pile and pack it

down and Smooth it Off well with the fork

after the job was finished. His explana-

tion was that this took little if any long-

er than a more careleSs way of doing the

job and that when so treated the manure

would not freeze so that it could be haul-

ed out into the field at any favorable time

during the winter, thus conserving its

content of plant food and at the same

time getting the work of hauling it out

of the way before spring came. Right

here is a good hint for the reader who

thinks he can’t haul his manure direct to

the field in winter because the pile is

frozen solid.



Like many farmers who have attained

succesg on a small scale, Mr. Newbound

has had an ambition to own a large farm.

At one time he was on the point of sell-

ing his eighty at an attractive price, and

buying a larger farm. But upon reflec-

tion he decided that it would be more

snesible to improve his small farm to its

maximum limit and take life a little eas-

ier than it is possible for the “land DOoI‘”

farmer to do. So instead of selling the

farm he planted an orchard on the best

location and plans to add small fruits in

the future, as his two small boys get old

enough to take a hand in the farming. He

now believes that he has land enough to

provide his boys as well as himself with

a competence, unless they should prefer

to become “self—made men” in some oth-

er calling, when they shall have attained

their majority, as their father elected ‘to

be a ‘.‘self—made farmer,” and has at-

tained his ambition. In any event, his

children are certain to have the benefit

of educational advantages superior to

those which their father enjoyed. He has

felt the handicap of a very limited early

education, and is reslolved that his chil-

dren shall not have this obstacle to sur-

moun't. His appreciation of this import-

ant factor in the rearing of children is

attested by the pride with which he

speaks of the gratifying progress which

his oldest child, an exceptionally bright

little girl of eight years, is making in

her studies, a faculty which, by the way,

he frankly admits the child inherited from

her mother, a charming and capable lady

to whose ability and inspiration this

young man owes not a little in the at—

tainment of success





 





 





THE VALUE OF THE SKIUNK TO AG—

RICULTU RE.



A recent circular from the U. S. De—

partment of Agriculture gives the follow-

ing conclusions on the economic value of

the skunk to agriculture:



‘ “T‘he skunk,. which is-





 





represented





throughout the country by a number of,





Varieties, genera and species, is an ani—

mal of great economic importance. Its

sfood COnS'iSltS very largely of insects,

mainly of those species which are very

destructiVe to garden and forage crops.

Field observations and laboratory exam-

inations demonstrate that they destrOy

immense numbers of white grubs, gr.isS-

horypers, crickets, cut-worms, hornets,

wasps, and other noxious forms. The

alarming increase of the white grub in

some localities is largely due to the ex-

termination of this valuable animal .



”It is a matter of common observa-

tion where white grubs are particularly

abundant in corn fields to note little

round holes burrowed in the ground about

'hills of corn. These are made by skunks

in their search during the night for these

grubs. During the recent outbreak of

grasshoppers in Kansas it has been de-

termined that in many cases a large pro-

portion of the food of skunks consisted of

these grasshoppers.



“Some of the m‘ost destructive insects

in agriculture are such as do their work

bet-ow the ground and out of reach of

any method that the farmer can apply

and it is against many of these that the

skunk is an inveterate enemy.- Notwith-





‘praictically destroyed,





 

 





Q





THELMCHIGANrARME





Self-Made F armors.





RWS§





 





E is a Self-Made Man!” How of—

H ten we hear this expressmn ap-



plied to some successful profes-

sional man who started as a. poor boy,

worked his way through college and, with

the increased earning pOWer which was

really flhe result of 'the free educational

advantages afforded him by the state,

attained an enviable affluence along with

high rank in ‘his chosen profession. And

the term is rightly appllied, since only the

young man who, in the vernacular of the

day, is “made of the right kind of stuff,”

will be found in this small, thougih select

class of citizens.



We also hear the same term applied,

and probably more fittingly though per-

haps less frequently, to the young man

who has entered the emp10y of some bus-

iness firm in his youth and by constant

application to work, coupled w' h a vigi-

lant wa‘tchfulness in his emplo r’s inter-

est, has worked himself up to a position

of responsibility and truSt which carries

with it a satisfactory emolument. These

men owe their success to their own un-

aided eff‘orts in perhaps greater degree

than is the case with the class first men-

tioned. True, what others are prone to

refer to as fortunate circumstances, or

perhaps pure luck, may have been a fac-

tor in their advancement, but in its final

analysis this is generally but another

name for the ability to recognize an op-

portunity when it presents itself and im-

prove it without hesitation or delay.



Then there is another class to whom

we hear this term still less frequently ap-

plied—(the young men who have natural

business ability and, often unaided by

either education or training, win success

for themselves in the keen competition of

the business world by sheer force of per—

sonality and character, backed up by un-

itiring energy and close application to the

task before them. Yet, while we hear





men of this class designated less fre-

quently as “self-made men” than either

of the other classes above described, they

are really most deserving of the appella-

tion, since had their educational oppor-

tunities been broader or their early busi—

ness openings better, it is but a fair

presumption that their success would

have been proportionately greater. In

other words, they have achieved success

under a handicap which entities them to

greater credit.



But, when we think of it, it is a rather

peculiar fact that we rarely, if ever, hear

'this complementary phrase applied to a

farmer. Yet there are all around us

young men who have chosen agriculture

as a busineSS and who have achieved a.

notable degree of success under even

greater handicaps than have been sur-

mmed by the classes of men above re-

ferred to.’ Their very number constitutes,

perhaps, the reason why their genius and

ability has not received more general

public recognition. They are all around

and about us and, in order that every

reader may recognize them in his own

neighborhood, the Michigan Farmer ll‘lS

determined to cite a. few examples of

“self—made farmers," which phrase will

be less often a misnomer than the' other,

but more frequently used term. In fact,

it is a broader term than “self-made

man” in its generally accepted meaning,





since men to whom this phrase might be'





quite justly applied have frequently been

'heard to say that they had a preference

for country life and would have chosen

farming as their business if they had

only had a farm. But the class of men

of whom typical examples will be cited

in the series of articles which will be

pubiished under the above title did not

‘have farms. They have earned them for

themseCVes, henlee we have styled them

"self-made farmers.”





ll||lllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllll[IIIIlllllllllllIllll|IlllllllllllllllllIlllllllllHllllllllllllllllllllllllllllH||||||||Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll :Hllllll|lllllllllIllll||Illllll|l|ll’lllllIlllll|lllllllllillllllllllllllllll





standing all of thiS, there is probably not

an animal that is as ruthlessly slaugh-

tered as is this one, whereas it is equally

entitled to protection with,

so, than some of our birds which enjoy

this privilege.”



Some, years ago I had an experience

which fully demonstrated the correctneSs

of these conclusions. For two or three

years the tobacco worm, more commonly

known in Michigan as the tomato worm,

was quite prevalent in the potato fields

on my own and neighboring farms. These

worms have voracious appetites and

w‘ould quickly strip the leaves from the

hills on which they made their appear-

ance, with disastrous results to the plants

attacked. These ravages increased until

about the third year after the first visi—

Itation they became so numerous as to

necessiIt'a-te an attempt to protect the po-

tatoes. I had 13 acres of potatoes that

season and ‘tried to save the crop by the

laborious method of going through the

field and killing all worms discovered on

the vines about twice a week. Different

methods of destroying them were tried,

until finally we settled on the plan of

clipping them in two with sheep shears,

which was at beSrt a most disagreeable

and repulsive job. But, notwithstanding

our zeal and vigilance, the crop was

and our yield of

merchantable tubers was only about 25

bushels per acre.



But if we were unsuccessful in saving

this crop, we had help from our friend

the skunk, which practically exterminat-

ed the pest. Late in the season, after

the full grown worms which had eluded

our' vigilaince buried themSelves in the

ground and spun their cocoons, prepara—

tory to spending the winter in the puipal

stage and to emerge the f0110wing spring

as maitured moths to produce another

generation of the pests, we observed signs

that a new force had been en7i>ted in

their destruction. Little holes could be

seen burrowed in the grOund beside the

potato hills and many tracks of small

animals could be seen all through the

field on the soft grOund between the

r0ws. These tracks were most numerous

at one corner of the field adjacent to a

small] piece. of W'ood‘lanid. which was

known to be a ”good place to dig

skunks” by the fraternity which followed

that profession in the community, as

evidenced by the many pits they had left

without the bother of filling. Careful

examination of the tracks on freshly





stirred soil, together with other evidences.





left by the animals, left no doubt as to

the nature olf.t‘he "helpers.”

did sowed. a jdbihat few. of. these de—





if not more





And they:

.gular shape and filled in with stones or





stru'ctive insects have since been seen on

the farm and no damage was done by

them to succeeding crops of potatoes.

Skunks are a bad proposition in the

chicken coop, and are not particularly

welcome traveling companions when ac-

cidentally encountered in the highway

on a,moonlight evening, but this expe-

iience convinced me that'they were of

an economic vat'ue to agriculture, instead

of being simply a. public nuisance, as $0

generally considered, and I am glad to

see their good qualities given ofi‘icial

recognition.~ .

This oflicial recognition of the economic

value of the skunk to agriculture is par-

ticularly timely just now, owing to the

fact that the Bureau of Entomology of

the U. S. Department of Agriculture has

iSsued a warning to the effect that the

May beetle, the parent of the common

white grub, will be unusually prevalent in

the northern states during 1914. It has

been determined that the life cycle of this

insect covers three years of time, and

these beetles were unusually prevalent in

1908 and 1911, while the white grub did

great damage in 1909, and it is estimated

that in 1912 the ravages of this insect in

Iowa, Wisconsin and Illinois cofit the

farmers of those states not less than $7,-

000,000. If the skunks could be protect-

ed to aid our farmers in lessening a sim-

ilar loss this indirect benefit would be

many times greater than the value of

their pelts to the transient hunters and

trappers who are a greater nuisance in

many farming communities than their

unsavory victims are generally supposed

to be. ‘

Oakland 00. A. R. FA'BMER.





FLOOD GATES ACROSS STREAMS.





 





One of the greatest problems for the

farmer who has a stream running through

his farm, is to provide permanent line

fences across the stream.



A good water gate is .one that will give

the least resistance against the flow of

the waiter and not catch the drift, and

one that will return to its place in the

'fence after high waters have subsided

without having to be repaired every time.

Something is also wanted that Will turn

the stock, hogs as well as horses and cat—

'tle. The swinging waiter gate will meet

all of these requirements. This type of

gate is constructed as follows:



First, cut a good log from 10 to 12

inches in diameter, the length exceeding

the width of the stream by several feet.

Then make an abutment of logs on.each

bank of the stream; built up in a trian-





JAN. 3. 1914.





vast.





concrete. In these abutments embed the

ends of the log firmly. Now take pieces





of '2x4 oak Eleantling‘ that will ‘just reach’





to the bed of the stream? if the Stream is

narrow, one of these at each edge of the

normal flow of water and one in the cen—

ter of the stream wiil be sufficient, while

if the banks of the stream, instead of be-

ing abrupt, slope back gradually, other

pieces should be placed on each side, all

of-them to swing clear of the ground.

Bore a hole in the end of each of these

pieces and suspend them to the log with

chains, or wire. When these are in

place nail on strong slats, placing theSe

about six inches apart. If the slats are

put closer than this, the gate may choke

up with trash or leaves, especially in the

fall when trees are casting their leaves.



If preferred, instead of using a heavy

log as the foundation for the flood gate,

a heavy cable composed of several strands

of wire twisted together, may be stretch-

ed to large posts on each bank of the

stream. The gate proper is then con-

structed as described above. Either meth-

od of building will give one a good ser-

viceable ga-te, one that is light enough to

swing easily and rise and float upon the

surface of the water during a. flood, thus

allowing the drift to pass under, and as

the water goes down the gate will again

return to its normal position in the fence.



Indiana. W. F. Possum.

MUCK PRODUCED GOOD RESULTS



WHEN APPLIED TO SANDY SOIL.



In the Michigan Farmer of the 20th

inst, I note your Mr. Lillie‘s reply to

P. D. Q.. Me00sta county, with regard to

hauling muck fro-m banks of ditches to

his sand upland.



I am similarly Situated with regard to

soil as P. D. Q. is, except that my muck

land was ditched some years ago, before

I purchased the pIZace, and bears a. thick

June grass sod on top and the top is well

decayed, while the former owner had

farmed the sand year after year unitil

he .had exhauSted the humus on part of

it entirely and the sand had the same

effect of smothering crops that too much

water would.



Until I purchased this place four years

ago I had not done any farm work for

nearly 30 years, and have only been on

this one full season since, and have not

been able to do much experimenting, but

one year I had some of this muck hauled

from the bank along one of the ditches

and spread on a strip of the land which

was badly in need of humus, and it ap-

peared to benefit the crop considerably.

I was not on the place at the time and

my son did the work, so I am unable to

say how many loads were applied to the

acre and just what condition the muck

was in when he hauled it, but.it was

hauled in the winter and spring and

spread as hauled, was frozen more or

less after hauled, and I could see a no-

ticeable difference in the 'crop that sum-

mer where the muck was ,spread.



I do not consider that the muck has'a

fertilizing value at all compared with

good stable manure properly applied, b‘Ut

I do think that it is well worth the haul-

ing when as plenltful as on my place and

the work can be done in the winter when

other work is not crowding.



If I understand the matter rightly, Sand

loam is simply sand land "from which the

originalhumus has not been exhausted,

and the original humus was simply the





 





decayed matter of the forest, and .the-





muck of a swamp is the same except that

it haS'been in water and is not decayed

to the extent that it is in the sandy loam

soil, but as in my case it is partly decayed

it will lighten up the sand and furnish

enough humus so that I can get a start

to build up by green manuring more

quickly. ,





I expect to try the value of the muck





in improving the mechanical condition of

the sand next season, hauling this win—

ter to get the benefit of the freezing

and thawing in order to break up the

texture of the muck and help to correct

DOSsib—le acidity from too much water

souring it.



As I stated before, I have been away

from the farm for 30 years and it makes

up-hill pulling of it 'for me to get all of

the modern problems figured out, but I

think I will be able to pull through with

the aid of the MichiganFarmer and our

county farm demonstrator, whowby the

way, appears to be pretty busy on larger

interests, and only reaching us little

farmers with the twenties, in a rather

general way, although us “back to the

land.” city people .need more help then





the old timers with the big farms. How-,





ever, I am not kicking, I will get a bite

while they'get a. full feed. ‘

Kent- Co. ‘D.’ 'E. WHEELER.» ‘





o





”.6
JAN73T1914.





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





Winter Handling 'of Manure.





 





nure on the farm in the winter is



an important one. An old farmer

recently told me that he could, in nine

cases oult of ten. render good judgment as

to a farmer’s thrift if he knew how the

[farmer handled the manure supply of the

farm. At first thought; this seems rath-

er exaggerated but surely the ‘care of

the manure plays a veny important part

in soil fertility and as crops are largely

dependent on soil fertility and thrift is

dependent on crops of some sort or oth-

er, it would seem that 'the old farmer was

correct in his analysis of the situation. It

is a well knoWn fact that the most suc-

cessful fannksrs are usually those who

'take the best care of the manures pro-

duced on the farm.



The most conservativo estimates are

that by housing and storing manure in

'the very best .way, the losses are about

15 per cent, while with poor housing this

loss may get up as high. as 35 per cent.

’Robeiits estimated the average loss per

farm in the United States to be 33.3 per





T HE question of handling the ma-





, cent and this amounts to about $83.33 per





farm. Now if the loss is equal to $83.33,

this being one-third of the value of the

manure produced, rtlhe value of all the

manure produced would be $250. If this





loss can be reduced so that only 15 per





cent of the value of the manure is leaJch-

ed away, only $37.50 'would be loot.



Now if any one of us farmers should

'see a constant stream of pennies rolling

down that ravine back of the barn, we

would make all possible haste to dam up

this stream and get the money. About

the same thing is happening where the

raiinlwalter is allowed to run onto the ma-

nure heap and Ie’ulch it out, and the

leachings run away down the valley. As

with the pennies, the daily loss is very

small, [but in the course of a year the loss

assumes immense proportions.



It is not enough that the dung alone be

saved, for analyses show that the liquid

manure contains two-thirds of the total

amount of nitrogen present and four-

fii‘t-hls of the total amount of potash

sal-tS, while the dung contains practically

all of the phoep‘hlmtes. Oareful analyses

also show that a ton of complete manure

(both liquid and solid) contains approxi-

mately 10 pounds of potash salts, five

pounds of'phOSphaites and 10 pounds of

nitrogen. When we buy these elements

in a commercial fertilizer we pay about

15 cents a. pound for the nitrogen and

five cents 'a pound for the phosphates and

potassium salts. At this rating, the

nitrogen in a ton of complete manure

would be worth $1.50, the pomsh salts

would be worth 50 cents and the phos-

phates are worth 25 cents, making a. total

worth of $2.25 for a ton of complete ma-

nure. Whether a ton of this manure is

actually worth this figure When applied

to 'the land is quite another question;





some men say it isn’t, while others equa1-.





ly as good as authority say that a. ton of

complete manure is worth more than

this. '



Would it not be better economy then,

to 'SUVe as much of the liquid manure as

possible and to so handle all of the pro-

duct that it is worth the greatest possible

figure? I imagine every wide awake

farmer will answer “yes.” The condi-

tion which limits the amount of liquid

manure saved is the albsorbent or litter

used. Any organic materials, such as

straw, leaves or sawdust that will a‘b-

sorb the liquid manure and preserve it

unltil delivered to the land, is performing

a very useful service. The condition

where a farmer does not use any absorb-

envt is very deplorable for many reasons,

the main of which are that the plant

foods are not returned to the soil from

which they sprang and So year after year

the soil is depleted. I know that it is

very often a perplexing problem to get

bedding material, and where a. sufficient

amount of this material is not produced

on the farm one does not always feel that

.he can pay $8 or $10 a ton for straw with

which to bed his stock. A practice which

has been followed by some is that of

placing the horse manure in the trenches

behind the cattle and if one has never

tried this scheme, he has only to give it

a trial to become convinced that this is

a very effective way of absorbing the

liquid excrement cf the cows and one

would be surprised to see how much of

this liquid manure will ‘be absorbed by a.

very small amount of horse manure. I

heard somebody say. “this would not .be

sanitary.” It might be criticised from

the sanitary point of view where the

horse manure is left in the gutters while

the cows are being milked but I question





very seriously if this would not be very

much more sanitary than .to have cows

switching the milke'r with their tails that

have lain in the gutter when no absorb-

enlt is used. However, it would be an

easy matter to get around this objection

cfor the horse manure might be placed

in the gutter aflter the cows are milked

in the morning and cleaned out again

about five o’clock, or just before the

cows are milked at night, and a few

shovelfuvls thrown in after milking. Of

course, I know that where a great many

cows are kept and the horses are few,

this would be very impractical but for

most Michigan farmers who will read this

article, this method would be quite ac-

ceptable.



Now that we have decided to save the

liquid manure, the next thing is the dis-

position to make of the manure when it

is produced. Probably there is no better

way of getting out of this difficulty and

still save most of the plant foods than to

haul the manure directly to the field as

soon as it is prodwced. With many it is

possible to haul the manure spreader,

wagon or sleigh into the yard in such

a position that the refuse from the stables

may 'be placed directly on the vehicles

and when they are full it may be imme-

d‘ia'tely hauled to the field. 'Where ma-

nure is thrown about over the field the

liquid leeches down into the soil and the

dung is kept so cool that bacterial de-

composition can not take. place. When

(manure is stored or kept in a. pile, the

problem is to prevent leaching and oxi-

dation. Horse manure is warm, while

Icow manure is oflten spoken of as a cold

manure. Bacterial decomposition will sel-

dom take place in a pile of cow manure

blllt horse manure decomposes very rap-

idly but inasmuch as horse manure is

worth much more than cow manure, we

cannot afford to lOSe it. A very good way

of preventing this waste is to mix the

horse manure with the cow manure

which keeps the latter from breaking

down. and giving up its ammonia by

burning.



The most impontant part of handling

manure in winter is to preserve the liquid

excrement and so house or store the pro~

duct that the bacteria. cannot work on it

until it is put onto the land. The old

saying that “a dollar saved is as good

as a. dollar earned,” applies to the ma-

nure p-ile as well as to any other product

of the farm.





Ingham Co. I. J. MATHEWS.





EXPERIENCE IN APPLYING MUCK

ON SANDY SOIL.





 





 





I see in the Michigan Farmer of Dec.

20, that P. D. Q. would like 'to hear (from

parties who haVe used muck on sandy

soil. A few years ago I had a piece of

corn on sandy ‘gravelly land. I took the

corn off and plowed it, applied about 20

loads of muck to the acre, and sowed it

to wheat and seeded it down: I had a

'heavy crop oct‘ wheat, and the clover and

timothy grew so rank for three or four

years that it lodged down.



Tuscola. CO. R. A. WALDO.





 





SEEDING THIN LAND TO ALFALFA.





 





Kindly giVe me some information about

alfalfa. I have a piece of land which is

light and poor, and has been considered

too poor to be plowed. Am considering

seeding it to alfalfa Would this be ad-

visable and if so when would be the best

time to sow?



Kent Co. J. L.





Land that is in a very poor state of

fertility and practically depleted of its

vegetable matter or h-u'mus should not be

sown to alfalllfa witlh any expectation of

iprOfitalble results until its fertility and

mechanical condiltiOn has been improved.

Certainly land whlildh has been considered

too poor to plow could not be expected

rto grow alfalfa profitably, and disap-

pointment would be very apt «to follow

an attempt to seed it to alfalfa. The

better plan would be to plow this land

and sow it to a mixture of rye and sand

vetoh in August, turning this crop down

the following year as a green manure,

when it would doubtless grow a profitable

summer crop, especially if some mineral

fertilizer is used in a supplementary way,

and this treatment would at the same

time (put the land in a very much better

condition ‘to seed to alfalfa. with a. pros—

pect of su'cces-s. It is quite possible, too,

that it w0uld. be necessary to apply lime

to this soil in order to have alfalfa suc—

ceed upon it. 'It would at least pay to

experiment sufficiently to determine

whether this is needed or not.





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the rear axle.





   





The Spreader with the Beater





 





 





 





 





 





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Less than half the





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No shafts to get out

Only





 





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This book tells all about manure, how to apply it and how to double the value of

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Y building up the fertility of the soil you make more

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productiveness. There is no money for anybody in poor

crops and run down farms.



We furnish a fertilizer with 34% available phosphoric acid;





high grade grain fertilizer 2-12-3 and 20 4 analysis; half potash

fertilizer for muck land.





Farmers should learn the composition of fertilizer required

to grow crops on their different kinds of soil and how to use them.

We have spent fifty years and a great deal of money to find out

how to make the right kind of fertilizers—the kind that produces

results.



Write us, and we will send you a booklet on fertilizers;

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. of agriculture and stock feeding.





THE ‘MI‘CHIGAN F'ARME‘R





 





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Dairy. _

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fllI|IlllI|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|Il||lllI|llI|IlllIllIllllIllIlllIllIill||lllll|IIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll'fi"





CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





CLOVER HAY AND CORN FODDER

FOR ROUGHAGE.





 





/





I am feeding from one-half to full

blood Jerseys. Have clover hay and corn

fodder. Can buy from lo'oal dealer, m-id-

dli'ngs, bran, oil meal, ground corn, oats.

rye and barley. Please give me the most

economical balanced ration from above.

Cculd also buy dried beet pulp from the

sugar factory. I am feeding at present

equal parts by weight, midd‘lings, bran,

ground corn and outs, one pound for each

3% lbs. milk per day and all the hay they

will clean up night and morning, and

fodder at noon. How far am I off on

that? C. P. H.



This roughage ration, while very good,

is a. little deficient in protein. Clover hay

itself is just about a balanced ration,

containing the prdtein and the carbohy-

drates in the right, proportion for eco-

nomical digestion and assimilation. Now,

when you feed corn fodder, by which I

presume is meant cornstalks. that is, the

corn plant after the ear has been huskell

and removed, you feed a. material defi-

cient in protein. ConSeque'nltly the grain

ration must contain an excess of protein

to balance up the corn fodder. As has

been explained many times. clover hay,

Ibeing just about a balanced ration, would

be a splendid ration to feed alone if it

wasn't for its bulk. The cow cannot eat

sufficient clover hay to get food nutrients

enough to do their best and so we must

have a concentrated food in with this. I





consider your present ration a very good





one indeed. It is hard to beat for re-





sults. But I think, however, that you

could ohea'pen it by cutting out wheat

bran and wheat middlings entirely and





feeding two pounds of cottonseed meal a.





day. Then feed enough of the’ corn and

oaJt c‘h'op to get your required grain

ration.





As long as your raltion does not con-

tain a succulent food like corn silage, and

if you haven’t roots, like mangel‘m‘urzeris,

it might be a. splendid thing to buy

dried beet pulp and moisten it 10 or 12

hours before feeding so it will absorb the

water. 'This will, in a. measure, supply

you with a succulent food. The cotton—

seed meal is fed on this moistened beet

pulp. If you buy beet pulp you could

disrpenSe with the corn meal and feed as

many pounds of dried beert pulp as you

are feeding corn meal. I am inclined to

think that from an economical stand-

point it wo'uld pay you to make these

suggesud changes. However, I hardly

believe that you would get an increased

flow ofmilk, but you would get an equal

amount of milk at least with a. little less

expense, and that would make you more

profit, ant. certainly that is what we are

all looking after. I am quite positive that

beet pulp moistened 12 hours before it is

fed, is a. very appetizing food and has a

good effect upon the other dry foods fed

in the ration. It is a. well established

fact that cows having one succulent food

in the ration can digest and assimilate

the dry foods in the ration more eco-

nomically than they can Where all of the

foods are dry and without any succu-

lency. The s'ucculen-cy seems to have a

good effect upon the digestive organs of

the cow. It stimulates the flow of gas-

tri'c juice and, in fact, all of the diges-

tive fluids of the aiimenltary canal; con-





sequently the cow will eat more dry foOd





and digest and assimilate it more eco-

nomically if slhe has a succulent IfO'Od in

the ration.





 





HOW TO PREPARE A BALANCED

RATION.





-—-———-





Please tell me how to balance the ra-

tion for my cows. I am now feeding

heavy corn ensilage and shredded fodder.

Some of the cows are fresh, some give

only a small quantity of milk, and some

are dry. Also can you give me, or tell

me where I can find a. table showing

the different constituents of all feeds, and

What a balanced ration consists of?



03.55 Co. G. P. W.



It would scarcely be pOsSlible, in an—

swering an inquiry like this. to tell spe—

cifically the philosophy of the balanced

ration and how to make one. It is quite

a long story. It makes a lOng chapter in

a good-sized book. I would recommend

to G. P. W. that he buy a copy of Hen-

ry‘s “Feeds and Feeding.” It is a book

that ought to be in the library of every

man who is at all interested in the uplirft

In this





book the whole subject at balanced 11a.-





 





Fl ‘ K _ _

Jilly: 3. 1914.

tions is explained in a. very careful and

plain manner.



loan but briefly state the principle of





the balanced ration. Food constituents

necessary for us to consider in feeding

animals, are protein, carbohydrates and

fat. Protein contains nitrogen, and this

nitrogen goes to build up the vital tissues

of the body, and also to produce animal

products that contain nitrogen, like wool.

hair, and the casein in milk. Carbohy-

drates and fat are composed of sugar and

sltarch. They are used to keep up the

temperature of the body and they actual—

ly burn up to do this. Scientists have

the animal’sloody. Now scientists have

found that in order to have an animal do

its best it must have the- protein and the

carbohydrates in the right proportion. If

you feed a milch cow a ration that con-

tains too little protein there isn’t enough

nitrogen in that ratiOn to produce the

case. in the milk for a normal flow.

l'Ou could reduce the protein so much

that there would not be enough to build

up the vital tissues; of 'the body. Protein

is the expensive part of the ration and

coats more than the carbohydrates.

Therefore we don’t want to feed any

more protein than is albsolutely necessary

on account of the economy of the ration.

On the other hand, 'while the carbohy-

drartes are the cheapest, We don't want to

feed them in excess, because it would be

a waste. The animal wants carbohydrates

enough to furnigh heat and energy for

the animal functions. Careful experi-

menlts show that the dairy cow requires

for her normal existence for every 1,000

le. of live weight, 0.7 of a. pound of

protein. seven pounds of carbohydrates.

and 0.1 pound of fat per day. .1



Now when she produces milk, then she

must have more feed and her feed shOuld

be increased in proportion to the quantity

of the milk which she gives. For in—

stance, a cow weighing 850 lbs., yielding

40 lbs. of 4 per cent milk a. day slhould

have approximately 2.46 lbs. of protein,

14.51 lbs, of ccrbohydmtes, and 0.72 lbs.

of fat to keep up her body and to pro-

duce this amount of milk.



On looking up the analysis of corn

silage and shredded corn stover we find

that these foods are deficient in protein

and have carbohydrates in excess for a

balanced ration. A cow can not do her

boot on corn silage and stover alone. If

She could eat enough corn silage so that

she would get protein enough to give a.

full flow of milk there would be an ac-

tual waste, because she would be con-

suming more carbohydrates than neces-

sary, and these would actually be wast—

ed. Now_ the thing to do in this sort of





a nation is to purchase some food richer.





in protein than is necessary for a. bal-

anced ration, so that you will have a sur-

plus of protein in the concentrated food

to help balance up the deficiency of pro-

tein in the home—grown feed. Where





silage and shredded corn stover are used ~





as ta. roughage there is nothing better to

include in the ration than cottonseed

meal. You can not buy any food today

in which you can get a pound of digesti-

ble protein as cheaply as you can in col.-

tonseed meal. But cottonseed meal is a

very concentrated ration and I would not

like to feed enoug'h cottonseed meal to

balance this ration. I would not feed

over two pounds of cottonseed meal per

day to any cow. Then, for this sent of

al roughage ration I would also add

wheat bran. You could feed each cow

iiwo‘porunds of cottonseed meal per day

and then you feed her enoug‘h wheat

bran so that you are feeding a pound of

grain 'to every three or four pounds of

milk produced in a day, or you are feed—

ing three-fourths of a pound of grain for

every pound of butter—fat which the cow

produces in a week. If you will get Hen-

ry’s “Feeds and Feeding," and figure the

thing out carefully you will find out

probably that my recommendation is not

absolutely correct, but you must bear in

mind that this idea is simply a guide for

us. One 'animal differs from another—no

two are alike. And it is practically im-

Dossible to get a ration that will fit all

cows exactly. But there isn’t any ques-

tiOn but what the principal is right. A





cow must have the food constituents in:





a certain proportion in order to have an

economical: ration and enable her to pre-

duce maximum yields, and if you will

follow Haecker’s system of feeding cows

in proportion to the live weight of the

cow, the quality of the milk, and the

amount of milk which she produces, you

will find out that my suggestion is not

far out of the. way. It canine used with

the assurance that you are feeding a ra—

tion to your herd of cows that will give

you as economical results as you can

hope to get.





s.





 





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JAN. ‘3. 1914. '





THE CREAM TEST VARIES—HOW TO

CHECK UP YOUR CREAM BUYER.





 





Our cream buyer comes every week for

cream. tests it and pays us before he

leaves. What I wish to know is, Why is

there such a variation in the tests when

the milk and cream have been treated the

same each Week? One week the test

will perh-atps -be 43 per cent and the next

Week it will be 34 per cent. This has

happened SeVeral times. The man who

gathers the cream is working on a salary

so I cannot understand any motive for

giving wrong tests, which fact confuses

me the more. Could you tell me'how I

may get my cream tested?



VVexford Co. Mrs. D. E. M.





As suggested in this inquiry, we ex—

pect the cream tests to vary a little. It

is almost impOSsi'ble to so mix the cream

from a can that contains several skim-

min-gs and be so accurate in weighing ourt

samples, that they will test absolutely

alike. Then, too, the cream itself varies

from one Skim'ming to another—~the cream

separator is not always operated at the

same speed, and the milk is not always

at the same temperature. And there are

various other causes which might affect

the per cent of butter-Ifat in the cream.

For instance, when people get through

skimming they always flush the separator

ourt with water. This is correct, but it





must be watched closely so as not to_





allow too much water to run into the





* cream for this will reduce the percentage





of butter-fat. If you are very careful

about always stopping when the ‘cream

is out of the bowl and not letting any

water run into the cream receptacle the

cream should be quite uniform, but we

are all more or less careless and some-

times we let more rinsing water run in

than we ought to, and this, of course,

must affect the per cent of butter-fat in

the cream.



But when one is careful there ought

not to be such a. difference in the test

as D. E. M. stmtes. I should say that it

showed carelessneSS on somebody’s part.

Perhaps it is in skimming the milk in the

first place, or perhaps it is in the tester.

I do not know; I should take a dupli-

cate sample and have it tested by sOme

other disinterested party. Now for this

very purpOSe and for all instances like

Ithis, the Michigan Farmer has establish—

ed a new service bureau, for the very

object of testing samples of milk and

cream where farmers do not seem to get

careful and accurate testings. This ser—

vice was carefully explained in the Nov.

22 issue of the Michigan Farmer. For

those who did not notice that announce-

ment and subsequent ones, I would state

that it amounts to this: .Take a sample

of the cream you are selling. after the

manner indicated below, put it in a four-

ounce wide-mouthed bottle, enclose the

bottle in a mailing tube and send by

parcel post to the Michigan Farmer Lab-

oratories, 674 Wood-ward avenue, Detroit,

where it will be tested free of charge.

If you haven't a suitable mailing tube and

bottle, send 10 cents to the Michigan

Farmer, Detroit, Mich, and they will

send you a mailing tube and bottle all

ready to put the cream into. If you want

the mailing tube and the bottle returned

after you have sent a sample of cream

send five cents extra and they will be re-

turned for another sample.





Now, how should one get a sample?

\Vhen the man comes to test- your cream

if you have more than one can of cream

he will certainly stir the cream up well

and then take some out of each can and

put it in a bortitle and mix it up together

thoroughly. If you only have one can,

of course he must take it out of the one

in a bottle and





can. But he puts it

shakes it up thoroughly to get an even

distribution of the butter—fat. Then he





weighs out a sample of this cream on a

delicate 'pair of scales and tests it with

the Babc-ock tester to determine the per

cent of- burtte'r-fat. Now when he gets

his sample all ready for testing and takes

out his small portion of the sample to

test, you take the balance of the cream

that he has taken his sample from and

send a portion of it to the Michigan

Farmer and see how their test agrees

wit-h his test. If the man who does your

testing won’t allow you to have this por-

tion of cream it will look suspicious at

once. Of course, if he won’t allow you

to have a sample of this cream then you

go to work and take a sample in just as

near the same way that he does, that is,

by stirring up the cream well and then

taking out the sample, an send it by par-

cel post to the Michigan Farmer Labora—

tories, 674 Woodward Ave., Detroit, and

see how their test agrees with ‘the cream

buyer’s. If the man is honest and con-

scientious and is trying to do‘the fair

thing he will not object to this, he will,

rather, be glad of it, because if he is





'ter than cottonseed meal.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER

I





right and he knows that you have sent

a sample there and the test is corroborat-





' ed, then it places him albove suspicion.





WHAT TO FEED A YOUNG CALF IN

PLACE OF WHOLE MILK.





 





Kindly advise me what I ShOuld use as

a substitute for the lbutter-fa‘t taken from

the milk by the separator (for feeding a.

calf three weeks old. We cannot afford

to feed whole milk when butter is so

high. Also tell 'me the kind of grain I

sthuid feed this calf when he begins to





eat grain.

Montcalm Co. N. G.





This question has been discussed many

times in the Michigan Farmer, qu'ite re—

cently also, but perhaps N. G. is a new

subscriber. There is no need of feeding

a calf whole milk after it is two weeks

old. You can raise g‘Ood calves without

it, and nobody can afford to feed whole

milk when they can feed skim-milk and

some grain that will take the place of the

butter-fail: which the separator removes.

In fact, I am positive that where you

want to raise a calf for dairy purposes

the calf will make a better animal, is

more liable to make a good cow,. if it is

fed on other food rather than whole milk

after it is a week or two old. I don’t

think this rule applies for animals raised

for beef purposes, but for dairy purposes

I am positive that it does. Feed the calf

its mother’s whole milk unltil it is albout

a week old. Then gradually commence to

put in a little warm skim-milk from the

separator in place of part of the whole

milk. Don’t make the change all at once.

In two or three days discontinue the

whole milk entirely and feed a ra-tiOn of

skim-milk. Don’t make the mistake n0w

of feeding more skim-milk than you did

whole milk. Keep the ration down to the

same amount. If you go to feeding more

skim—milk than you did whole milk sim-

ply because it is. cheaper, you will make

a great mistake. The digestive organs of

the calf will become impaired.



For the grain to replace the butter-fat

use ground flaxseed, not oil meal, but the

flaxsced ground into meal before the oil

is taken out of it. Take a cupful of this

meal and six cupvfuls of water and put it

on the stove and let it come to a boil.

Stir until it makes a nice jelly. As soon

as you commence to feed skim-milk put

in a little of this jelly. At first a table-

Spononfiill, and gradually increase until

the calf has a gill of this fluxseed jelly to

a feeling. This is very rich in fat. Flax—

seed contains about 30 per cent of fat

and this will, in a large measure, take

the place of the butter-fat which the

separator has removed from the milk.



Now when the calf gets to be two

weeks old it will begin to eat a little bit

of clover hay, not much, but just a little.

11' will also begin to eat a little ground

oats. Maybe the first time you Offer it

ground oats it will not take it, but put a

taste into the manger or into the bottom

of the pail after he has drunk his milk,

and in a few days you will find that he

will begin to eat the ground oats, or a

little corn meal, or a little whole oats

or whole corn. Gradually you will get

him to eat clover hay, corvn silage, if you

have it, and some whole grain. But do

not increase the mess of skim-milk, al-

low the calf to. take his extra food in a

dry ration. If you are careful not to ov—

erfced on the skim-4m'ilk your calf will

get along nicely, be thrifty, and make a

splendid growth.





 





THE CORRECT PRINCIPLE.





 





Having read the Michigan Farmer and

taken much interest in that department

of inquiry and answers, I wish to ask a

few questions cOncerning feedinlg milch

CO‘WS a balanced ration. For roughage I

have clover and timothy hay mixed, and

corn fod-dcr. The grain feed will be com

and O'ltS ground with cottonseed meal or

linseed meal. SUBSORJBER.



l'sing cottonseed meal as a part of the

concentrated ration, with clover hay and

timothy hay, or rather mixed hay, and

corn fodder, is conreot in principle. Your

roughage is deficient in protein and you

have in connection with your ground corn

and oats a don-cent-na'ted food very rich

in 'protein, and you can get nothing bet—

As you have

no succulent food in the ration it might

be better to use, oil meal in the place of

cottonseed meal because it is a. little lax-

ative, while cottOnseed meal is juSt the

onpogite. If you will feed two pounds of

cottonseed meal a day and then a suffi-

cient amount of the corn and oat chop

to give each cow 3. pound of grain to ev-

ery three or four pounds of milk, from

three-fourths to a pound of grain to ev-

ery' pound of butter-fat which they pro-

duce in a. week, you ought to get good

results





 





 





 





. IIIIIIIlilll 37V

‘1 .





lliil





I!“

ll '





Kw I

q :ihi‘w

/





. I, 1.

W





 





ARPLE





TU B U LA'R

CREAM SEPARATO'





The possession of the world’s best is none

too good for you farmers and dairymen

who steadfastly strive to anticipate the

trend of progress. Knowing this we ask

you to bear in mindvthe fact that in pur-

chasing a SHARPLES TUBULAR CREAM

SEPARATOR you are investing in a life-

time of service and increased revenue.





Every separator made by us has fulfilled

all the requirements of durability, labor-

and-money-saving, and has increased the

production of butter-fat from each cow.

It has met the demands of the most critical

and exacting users.





Because we believe in its supremacy, we attach

to each machine the name SHARPLES—our

method of 1nsp1r1ng confidence.





,SHARPLES

M I LK a R





The SHARPLES MILKER has

made the dreams of dairymen realities.

Its eflicicncy is demonstrated by the

twice-a—day adjustment of the soothing

teat cup with the up-

ward sgueeze to the

teats of 100,000 ap-





preciative cows.





Ask for Catalog





THE SHARPLES





SEPARATOR (:0.

West Chester, Pa.





Chime, Ill. Sn Francisco, Ca].

Dull". Tens Portland, Ore.

Minneapolis. Minn. Ola-III. Nab.

Kun- City, Mo. Winnipeg. Can.





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

   





 





 





Toronto. Cu.





Agencies Everywhere.
THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





JAN. 3. 1914.





 





 





. . ‘7‘: .l 1 I ~

\\ \'

l l





Making Profit out

of Stoc





I want all you farmers to get this fact riveted in your mind regarding stock—that

the only animals that are paying you a profit are those that are digesting their teed—

bowels regular every day and absolutely free from worms.



And it is just at this very time of year when stock are not in that condition, because

they are cooped up. deprived of exercise and for the last few months have been on dry





\lll





 

 





GILBERT [-1555,

Dr. of Veterinary Science

Dr. of Medicine





feed. which does not contain the laxatives and tonics so abundantly supplied by grass. ’





Dr. Hess Stock Tonic





Aids Digestion





Makes Stock Healthy





Expels Worms





Being both a Doctor of Medicine and a Doctor of Veterinary Science I formulated

Dr. Hess Stock Tonic to aid digestion. make stock healthy and expel worms.



This scientific. 21-year-old preparation contains highly concentrated tonics that

improve the appetite and aid digestion. laxatives for regulating the bowels and





vermifuges that expel the worms.





Remember. it’s the cow in the pink of condition that fills the milk pail. the steer with

an appetite that lays on fat, the horse that enjoys its dinner that pulls on the bit. the

hog that 15 healthy and free from worms that gets to be a 200-pounder in six months.





Dr. Hess Stock Tonic will positively put your stock in these conditions.





So sure am





I that it will, that [have authorized your local dealer to supply you with enough for

all your stock and if it does not do as I claim, return the empty packages and get your





money back.





Dr. Hess Stock Tonic is never sold by peddlers—only by reliable dealers whom ou

know. I save you peddler’s salary and wagon and team expenses. as these p ces





prove: 25-1b. 1135151150; loo-lb. sack $5.00.

Canada. the far West and the South.





Smaller packages as low as 50c. except in





If not sold by your dealer, write direct to





DR. HESS & CLARK, Ashland, Ohio





 





llr. lless Poultry Pan-a-cc-a





A splendid tonlc that tones up the dormant

egg organs and keeps the hens scratching

an happy and laying allthrough the winter.

Shortens moultlng 0d and promotes

rapid feather growl . Nothing better to

make chicks strong and healthy. Cheap—a

penny's worth is enough to feed 30 fowl per

day. Sold only by dealers whom you know.

Never sold by peddlers. 15 lbs. 250; 5 lbs.

60c; 25-“). pa 182.50. Except in Canada and

the far West. Guamnteed.





 





 





llr. [less

Instant louse Killer





Kills lloe on poultry and all farm stock.

Dust the hens and chicks with it. sprinkle it

on the roasts. in the cracks or it Re t in the

dust bath the hens will distribute t. Also

destroys bugs on cucumber. squash and

melon vines. cabbage worms, etc.. slugs on

rose bushes. etc. Comesln handyalftlng-top

cans 1 lb. 250. 3 lbs. 60c. Except in Canada

and he tax- West. I guarantee t.





 





 





 





 





Feed will again be high in price'





Place your order at once for





Dried Beet Pulp





For a short time prices will

be same as last year, but every

year the demand is greater

than the supply so ORDER

NOW of your dealer or





T. F. MARSTON, l





 





 





 





.Why We Make a Contract to Cure

| Mr. W. o. FRALEY, 502 Fisher Sh, Salisbury,

N. 0., Mar. 27, ’13, writes: I used 2 bottles and

cured two horses and-one pony of bone/spavin

two year; ago andthey. are sduhd can. dollar. .





FOUR YEARS AFTER-STILL SOUND

Mr. H. G. PUTNAM, dealer in Cool, Danvers,





Bay City, E9 8., MIChigan- Mass, Oct., 6,’13, writes: Four years ago I





Michigan Broker for Manufacturer.





For sheep and cattle feeders

and dair men. Salvage grain.

oats. bar ey, wheat. and corn.





damaged in elevator fires. Bone dry and equal in

feeding value to other grain. For sale In earlobe direct

to feeders. The best feeders in Michigan have been

using it for years. Write at. once for sum loo and

prices. and information as to what experience feeders

think of it. “We save on your feed bill."



C. E. DINGWALL 00.. Milwaukee. Wis.





——A money saving proposition. Ask

Fo.‘ By-PIOdUCls ricos on Michi an Farmer Brand

Cotton Seed Men. . hi best. are e manufactured.

Linseed. Beet Pulp. luten. Brewers. Distillers.

Salvage Grains. Corn. Corn Flakes. Corn Meal. Mill

Feeds. Screenings. Cull Beans. Tanka 6. Meat. Meal,

Lump Rock Salt. Wholesale Flour, T 9 Bartlett Co.

Michigan's Largest Feed Shippers. Jackson. Mich.





HARNES WK own MAKE





land or Machine Iadc

Out of No. 1 Oak Leather. we guarantee them. If your

dealer does not handle them. write direct; to us.





sumoon HILL co. ltd., amouggggfigg;





 





 





 





 





 





Always mention the Michigan Farmer

when writing to advertisers.





sent .for Savothe-Horso for thoroughpin and

made a cure. _

Work almost every day smce on coal wagon.





The horse has done a good day’s





WE ORIGINATED the plan of treating horses

Ends. Sin“. what ”ti-“$.23 was. ..

em ' 011 I S no .1!) , .

will cos’t you nothing for advxce and there will



be no string to it.. ' . .. .



OUR LATEST SaveThe-Horse BOO]; is our 18

Years' Discoveries—Treating Eve Kind Ringl-

bone—Thoropin—SE'AVIN —an .—Shoulder,

Knee, Ankle, H00 and Tendon Disease—Tells

How to Test for Spavin; how to locate and treat

58 forms of MESS-mumbli- _



OUR CHARGES for Treatment ARE 0

ERATE. But write and. we will send our—BOOKI

—Sample Contract and Advxce—ALL FREE to

(Home Owners .and. Managers—Only).





ml CHEMICAL CO. 20 .the. Mani-J3;

Druulsts everywhere coll Save-Thee, .

Horse WITH CONTRACT, or we send;

by Parcel Post 9; ,Expreu, paid-k





Belt Conditioner





 





. 'Death to Heaves

“Guaranteed or non? Back."

Coughs.Dlawmper§ln lgeuiol.



l





MNEWTON'Sifigeififi‘éfi':

At. dmglata' or sent. postpaid.

‘ ml “It" CI.JI.£IO.IIII





 





 





eel/vie





Every gallon saves a bushel of grain.





price $7.00 per barrel (56 gallons). 1. o. b. Pennsylvania factory. Money back it not. satisfied after





80:13. ,





feeding half a barrel. Order quick.





WATI'LES 8: COMPANY,





- Try





.fim _.





I m-w. Mum





 





2952: some





 





Guaranteed pure cane molasses. Cut





(to)

Litchfield, Michigan





'-"' "w’m-n‘nwmr “mamas...“ M-»v~u_._..._.< u —~'.C. .r . ' ... w"... ..





{Twenty-third Annual





 





 





BREEDERS’ AND FEEDERS’

ASSOCIATION.





 





Meeting,

14-15, 1914.





Arrangements for the twenty-third an-

nual meeting of The Michigan Improved

Live Stock Breeders’ and Feeders’ Asso-

ciation are now complete. and with the

talent appearing on the various programs,

the coming meeting uhouid be the largest

attended and most enthusiastic in the

history of the association.



The wether lamb show will be judged

Wednesday morning, at 11 o’clock. by

Mr. David McKay, of Fort Wayne, Ind.





At 1:30 p. m. the meetings of the allied

breed organizations. all of which have

prepared interesting programs, will be

called to order.



The following associations will hold

meetings at this time: Michigan Horse

Breeders’ Association, the Shorthorn Hol-

stein, Jersey. Guernsey, Red Poll and

Hereford Cattle Breeders; the Duroc-Jer-

seY, Berkshire. and Poland China Swine

Breeders; the Merino. Shorpsh-ire, Oxford

and. Hampshire Sheep Breeders.



Several noted men from out of the state

will appear on the various programs and

it is sincerely hoped that our Michigan

breeders will give them a. large audience.





The first general meeting will be called

to order at 5 p. m., when Mr. A; T. Rob-

erts, of Marquette, will talk on “The Live

Stock Possibilities of the Upper Penin-

sula.” After the reports of the secretar-

ies and exchange of reminiscences by old-

er members, the State Board of Agricul-

ture will tender their annual banquet to

the members of the association.



The general meeting, Wednesday, Jan-

uary 15, will be called to order at 9:30 a.

m.. and the following program rendered:



Reading minutes.



Appointment of committees.



President's annual address: A. E.

Stevenson. Port Huron.



Profitable Swine Production: H. G.

Krum, White Bear Lake, Minn., Secre-

tary American Yorkshire Clu-b.



Farm Management as a Pure-bred

Breeders’ Problem, E. H. Webster, Fort

Atkinson, Wis, Associate Editor Hoard’s

Dairyman.



Noon recess. .



Meeting called to order at 1:30 p. m.



Feeding Sheep and Lalmbs. for Profit,

Prof. J. M. Evvard, Ames,Iowa, in charge

of experimental work, Iowa. Agricultural

College.



Election of officers.



Judging of CareasSes of Wether Lambs,

David McKay, Fort Whyne, Ind.



Awarding of medals to winners.



Not farmer and breeder in the stute wtho

expects to keep abreast of the times and

up to date in his chosen profession can

afford to miSs these meetings. Aside from

the topics which will be discusSed from

the platform, the knowledge gained, and

enthusiasm created, by rubbing eibows

with your fellow breeders, will more than

compensate you for the time spent at

Lam-lug, January 14-15, 1914.



Start the New Year right. Attend these

meetings. Profit from the experience of

your fellow breeders: and give them the

benefit of your work during the past

year. G. A. BROWN, Secy.





January





FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS.





 





Grain to Feed with Ensilage In WIntering

Steers.



How many pounds of silage, fed twice

daily, with roughage at noon. should be

fed to 650 to 700-lbfl steers to 1.2: through

the Winterin good shape? Vv'ould it go

economy to feed cottonseed meal on the

Silage, and about how much should be

fed to 650 to 700-lb. steers to get through

is' the red cob ensiluge corn and has very

libtle, if any, grain in it.



Shiawassee C0. SUBSCRIBER.



Experiments conducted at several ex-

periment station‘s indicate that it is prof-

italble to feed a small grain ration to

steers being run through the winter on

silage and other coarse forage. Experi-

ments have also been conducted to deter-

mine the amount of silage profitable to

feed to this kind of cattle. At the Illinois

station, calves weighing 500 lbs. Were

started on a rattiOn composed of 15 lbs. of

silage, 4 lbs. of mixed hay, and 2 lbs. of

grain, oats being fed in this case. By the

first of March. the silage ration had been

increased to 25 lbs. per day with no

increase in the hay and grain allowance.

Some dry forage should be fed with corn

silage for best results. and the nature of

the grain ration which will give .most





 





allllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllhlllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllIlllllllllllHlllHlllllllllllllllllllllllllIIllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHlllllllllllllllHllg

E E

lee Stock.

E ' E

filllllfllflllllllIllllllIllflllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllmlllllllllllllllflllIllllllllHllllllllllllllll|Illllll|I|IlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllll|llllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllifllllllllllllfi

MICHIGAN IMPROVED LIVE . STOCK econOmieal results will depend not a. little





upon the kind of forage used. If clover

or alfalfa. hay is available, this would

about balance up the nutritive ratio of the

roughage fed, 30 that a grain ration 00m-

posed partly of corn would be more eco—

nomical than one composed entirely of

nitrogenous concentrates, In any event,

not more than two pounds of cottonseed

meal per day should be fed, and if ClOVel'

or alfalfa hay is available, less would an—

swer every purpose in connection with

corn or corn and oats. These steers If

put on full feed to fatten them, WOuld

consume at least 15 libs. of grain per day,

and from one—quarter to one-half this

amount could be fed to them with profit

Where they are being run through the

Winter to finish on grass. The method of

combining the ration should depend

largely on the character of the roughage

‘fed, it having been determined that eco—

nomical Itsults can be secured with a nu-

tritive ratio as wide as 1:8.





Bean Pods for Colts.



Will you advise me if bean pods would

'be good to feed IMO and Uhree-year-old

colts once a day? I {have lots of them

and they seem to relish them. Their

main feed is timothy hay for roughage

and oats for grain ration.



Shiawaflsee Co. F. A. L,



As a general practice, bean pods are

fed mostly to sheep, and are highly priz-

ed as a forage for them. The writer has

fed bean pods to sheep with the best re-

sults for many years, but never tried

them for horses, and is unable to find

any cxpemimentul data on this subject. If

the bean We are bright and clean, how—

ever, it WOuld seem to be an entirely safe

proposition to make them a fact r in the

roughage ration for colts of the age men-

Fed with they





tioned. timothy hay,





would help to balance the roughage m-_





tion. and the fact that the colts relis'll

them is an added incentive to feeding

them, since palatability without question

adds to the efficiency of any ration.



Bean pods contain a relatively high

percentage of fibre, but probably not a

much larger percentage than timothy

hay, and this would not be a strong ar-

gument against their use in limited. quan-

titles in the ration for growing colts. The

greatest danger which might arise flrom

their use would'be the possibility of the

presence of molds which would be harm-

ful to horses. Corn silage has been dem—

onstrated to be a profitable feed for

horses w‘hen rightly used. but is fre-

quentiy a. source of forage poisoning

where silage containing mold is carelessly

fed to the horses. In fact, moldy or

musty feed of any kind is injurious and

sometimes fatal to horseS, hence it would

probably be expedient to exercise greater

(are in the feeing of bean pods to colts

or horses than in the use of other rough

feeds on this account.





Grain Ration for Colts.



W'oulld spring rye and oats, baled. be



good to feed to colts, or woqu it be bet—



ter to have these grains ground? What



will make them .grow- the. fastest, .oats

or corn?



'Gnand Traverse Co. F. R.





I’nd'oubtedly the best single grain for

colts is oats, and if heavy grains, such

as corn or rye. are fed, some other grain,

such as bran should be used to lighten

up same: or if fed in connection with

out", the grains should be ground together

and a little oil meal fed in connection

with thorn to balance up the ration by

the addition of more protein. Corn is not

a suitable grain feed for colts when fed

us the exclusive grain ration.





Barley vs. Oats for Growing Pigs.



VVIlIioh grain is preferable for growing

pig‘s after being weaned. barley or oats?



Lapeer Co. SUBSCRIBER.





Barley is more comparable to corn than

to cats as a feed for growing Digs. At

the Wisconsin station, Oats were found

less profitable Where fed alone than when

fed in combination with corn meal, one-

third oats to two-thirds corn being used

when grinding the meal. Oats when

ground with the hulls on contain too

much fibre for very young pigs. Mid-

dlings is the best grain feed for young

pigs When. first weaned, and if skim—milk

is available, corn meal or barley meal

may be used in connection with same,

using one pound of the grain, combined

with. one to three pounds of the skim-

milk for best results. Barley has -not

been found as valuable as corn, pound for

pound. as a. feed for fattening hogs, but

may be considered its ectral or even a
A~.,





JAN. 3, 1914.





superior single grain for glF'OWintg‘ Pigs.



wthile oats are, as above noted. most prof-



itably used in connection with corn, or



even barley.



MICHIGAN’S SHEEP FEEDING

DUSTRY.





 





IN-





 





Detailed information regarding every

shipment of live stock coming into Mich-

igan is sent to the office of the State

Live Stock Sanitary CommissiOn alt Lan-

sing. This affords accurate sta-tiSItics re-

garding 'the western sheep and lambs

brought into Michigan for feeding pur-

poses. According to a recent advice

from President H. H. Halladay, of the

Commission, the total: of such Shipments

between July 8 and December 8, aggre-

gated app-roximartely 200,000 head. This

number of wesrterns added to the normal

lamb crop from nearly 1,500,000 eWeS, as

shown by the last census, would make

1,000,000 head of sheep and lambs a. con—

servative estimate of the total yearly

volume of Michigan‘s sheep feeding in-

dustry.





FEEDING SHREDDED FODDER.



Every farmer who has had experience

in feeding shock fodder during the win-

ter, in all kinds of weather, knows that

it is an unpleasant task. The majority

of farmers feel amply repaidfor the work

and expense of shredding by the satis-

faction gained in having both fodder and

corn taken care of before bad weather,

and by the increase in value of the feed

and manure.



Shredded fodder is much more conven-

ient to feed than the shock fodder. The

time and labor saved in feeding the for-

mer almost compensates for the time and

labor taken in shredding it. A large quan-

tity of shredded fodder can be put into

a small mow and all feeding_is done in

the barn. There are no cold hands, nor

'heaVy unwieldy bundles to carry to the

stock.



Some care should be exercised in stor-

ing the shredded product, otherwise the

mass may heat and spoil soon after it

goes into the mow. It will keep more

safely when it is not tramped down; the

more solid it is packed the more liable it

is to heat. It is sometimes necessary to

have one or more hands in the mow to

it should not





 





diStribute it properly, but



be tramped. The fodder, being compact,

ferments slightly and sweats or cures

quite similarly to new—mown hay. It





should not be molested in any way, no

matter how hot the mass gets, until it has

gone through the sweat.



If horses are confined to a steady diet

of this roughage, a bushel basket full to

each animal at each feeding is considered

about the right amount to give. All of

this, particularly the coarser parts of the

fodder, will not be eaten, but if a suffi-

cient amOunt is provided so that the

coarser parts will be rejected, these parts

can be utilized in bedding the animals.



Indiana. W. F. PUIHpUE.





LIVE STOCK NEWS.





 





 





Chicago and other hog markets contin-

ue responsive to large receipts, and unless

eastern shippers take hold freely on days

when supplies are heavy, prices are pret-

ty sure to weaken. However, rallies oc-

cur as a rule after considerable breaks,

and the market does not display the per-

sistent Weakness that was so marked a

feature a few weeks ago, when there

seemed to be no bottom to Values. The

dearness of corn impels many stockmen

to market their hogs much earlier than

they would otherwise, and it. must be

confessed that the great 'mkage in

prices for swine since the high time of

the year has all along been the cause of

many premature marketings, whlle the

ravages of hog cholera have forced enor-

mous numbers of mere pigs on the mar-

ket, thereby making a big hole in future

supplies of matured hogs. Under all the

circumstances, owners of healthy young

hogs should hold them to maturity, pro-

vided they have suffic1ent feed for them.





4 Making a comparison with other years at





this time, it is found that hogs are still

bringing very fair prices._ The unusually

small percentage of chOice heavy lard

hogs results in a liberal premium being

paid for theSe offerings, With the lighter

hogs going at a marked discount.



Cattle have experienced s0me sharp de-

clines in prices at different times in the

Chicago market quite recently as a result

of increased offerings, Naturally, the In-

ternational Live Stock Exposition proved

an important factor in the market, as in-

tending purchasers of the choicer class of

beef cattle preferred to wait for the auc-

tion sales of show beeves. and then there

were lots of choice beeves thrown on the

open market, as they failed to come up

to the show standard and were rejected

by the “weeding committee.” Buyers in

the open market have continued to show

a. pronounced preferenCe for fat lititle

cattle“ yearlings being remarkably popu-

lar, and prime yearlings sold at a big pre-

mium over the prices paid for the choic.

est heavy steers.





7





_THE MICHIGAN FARMER





Charles Escher, the well-known stock-

man, of Botna, Iowa, says: “When the

International Live Stock Exposition was

started, 13 years ago, the steers exhibited





were nearly all three years old and

‘weighed from 1,600 to 1.700 lbs. No one

thought of showing yearlingS. Finally





one stockman thought of showing year—

iings. That was the beginning of the

handy-Weight cattle, and the decline of the

heavy kind. The steers shown then would

not have the slightest chance now.”





A fine record in cattle feeding was re-

cently made by G. B, Carpenter, the ex-

tcnsive cattleman of Iowa. who finished

the marketing of his season’s feeding by

the- sale in the Chicago market of 70

head of branded steers that averaged 1438

lbs. at $9.10 per 100 lbs. These.cattle were

the last of 577 head of dehorned branded

steers sold in that market since August

25. They were purchased as feeders in

the South Omaha stockyards last autumn,

costing an average of $6.82 per 100 lbs.,

their average weight at that time having

been 917 lbs. The average weight of the

entire lot when sold was 1382 lbs., and

they brought on an average $8.96. They

made an average gain of 465 lbs. per head,

and the net price of the entire lot was

$119.61 per head. But two steers out of

the entire lot were cut out and sold at

different prices from the main shipments.

The cattle are given the run on land that

is valued at from $100 to $125 an acre.





Visitors who attended the International,

in Chicago recently were greatly impress-

ed with the display of prime beeves fed

partly on silage. It has been thoroughly

demonstrated recently that silage has

five times as much food value as grass

per acre. By this method of fattening

cattle, the owners of high-priced corn

lands are able to make cattle feeding

very profitable.



A leading live stock commission firm

in business in Chicago, with branches in

all other leading markets, advises its

country patrons to divide up their cattle

shipments when they are feeding several

loads, as by this method it is giving a

better show for avoiding bad markets.

The- firm also advises stockmen to finish

off their cattle well, as a good market





’ for fat beeves is expected f0r next spring





and summer months, and the prediction

is made that good young cattle bought

for fattening at any time this month will

make good money returns. Next spring

such cattle are expected to be scarce.

and such stock bought now will put on

considerable weight during the winter on

cheap roughage, much of which would go

to waste otherwise.



It has been suggested recently by a live

stock commissiOn firm that owners of

large numbers of feeding cattle should

top out the best from time to time, as by

this means the others are given a better

show for getting fat. It is well known

that the bolder cattle are apt to crowd

away from feed the more timid ones

where feeding facilities are not of .the-

best.



Percheron grade mares have been pur-

chased in the Chicago market recently

for shipping to Georgia to be bred to

jacks for the high-grade mule market. A

carload of Such mares was purchased

there recently by a representative of the

leorgia agricultural college for this pur-

pose, and the buyer said that he expects

to return early next spring and buy four

or five carloads more. The southern banks

are in the habit of loaning money to the

planters for aiding them to buy mules

and plant cotton, and after the farmers

sell their cotton in the- autumn, they re-

turn the money to the banks.





Chas. Escher, the widely known Angus

breeder and winner of big prizes in the

International Live Stock Exposition in

Chicago in paSt years, makes the follow-

ing statements in an interview given in

the Drovers’ Journal: “Two years ago I

bought around 200 grade cows of just a

good kind, and have raised some Very

presentable oung stuff from them. which

will be rou ed through the winter, and

a year hence they will be fat, heavy

beeves. Thus far it has been a profitable

venture for me, since I am not worried

over high cost of feeding steers this sea-

son, having mine on hand already, and

they stand me COIlSldOl‘ablY'IESS than

would a high-class drove of feeder stuff

just now. My farms need the fertility

which cattle. grazing brings them, and the

Whole of Iowa is in need of more of the

same kind of farming. Cholera cleared

our section of hogs last spring, and the

farmers are going to raise a pig crop of

liberal volume before engaging in feeding

cattle on a big scale.”



Fat ewes have been furnishing cheap

meat to retail meat markets, but compar-

atively few retailers are in the habit of

lOWei-ing prices for mutton to their cus-

tomers in accordance with reductions

made to them. Many fat ewes have been

Shipped to market in recent weeks that

“(re kept on wheat stubble, and they had

a good sale invac'iably. The packers have

been availing themselves of every oppor-

tunity to load up with cheap carcasses of

mutton in their refrigerators, and not long

ago it was learned that one of the big

packing concerns had been freezing 25,000

head of cheap ewes for the western Can-

adian trade.



Because of the unusual dearness of corn

stock feeders throughout the country have

not wasted any in feeding to their live

stock, and they have been favored with

such a remarkably mild, pleasant autumn

season that stoek required much less feed

than in most years at corresponding pe-

riods. The result is that farmers have

economized in the use of corn an.“ have

more on their farms on the beginning of

winter than they had counted upon hav-

ing. Advances of. about 23c per bushel

over prices for corn at this time last year

will go a long wav toward making good

the shortage of 662,000,000 bushels in the





corn crop as compared with the crop‘





grown last year, and farmers who grew

fair-Sized crops this year are extremely

fortunate.





 





 





Course in





Horsemanship





 





 





Bad Habits





Cured

By Beery System





Refusing to lead.



Running away when hal-

ter or bridle is removed.



Getting fast in the stall.



Pawlng in the stable.



Pawing while hitched.



Growdm in the stall.



Fighting ulterorbridle.



Tender bitted.



Pulling on one rein.



Lugging on the bit.



Lungi'ng and plunging.



Refusing to stand.



Refusing to back.



Shyin . Bulking.



Afrai of automobiles.



Afraid of robes.



Afraid of clothes on line.



Afraid of cars.



Afraid of sound of a gun.



Afraid of band playing.



Afraid of steam en ine.



Afraid of- the tone of

shafts or harness.



Running away.



gjgkingbt 'kl

1 mg. n ng.



Hard to shoe.



Bad to groom.



Breaking stm a.



Refusing to old back

while going down hill.



Soaring at. boss or dogs

along the road.



Tail switchers.



Lolling the tongue.



Jumping fences



Bad to bitch to buggy or

wagon.





 





 

 





 





men owning





horses, who answer this advertisement, I

will positively send my introductory course

in Horse Training and Colt Breaking AB-





SOLUTELY FREE.





World’s Greatest System





of Horsemanship

Twenty-five thousand FARMERS and horse-owners have

taken my regular course and found that it does the work.

Even if you have only one horse. it will pay you to master

The Beery Course is the result of a





my wonderful system.





lifetime’s work as a tamer and trainer of horses.

“The horse has never been foaled





my students has said.





that Prof. Beery cannot handle."





Master Any Horse



The Beery Course gives

you the priceless secrets of

a lifetime—enables you to

master any horse—to tell the

disposition of any horse at





' sight—to add many dollars to





the value of every horse you

handle—and my students are

all good traders.





 





BEFORE TRAINING





My Graduates Are

Doing Wonders





A. L. Dickinson. of Friendship.

N. Y.. says: “I am working a pair of

horses that. cleaned out several men.

[got them for $110. gave them a few

43950113, and have been offered $400

for the air." Fred Bowden. R. R.

‘10. 2, eokuk. Iowa writes: “It's

worth many times its cost." I

have many similar letters from

aduates all over the world.





 





 

 

   

   





 





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





As one of





My record proves it.





Break a Colt in



Double-Quick Time!



You can do it by my simple,

practical.humaneeystem.There

is a lot of money in colt training.

Make 81,200 to 83,000



a Year



Many of my graduates are

making big money as profes‘

sional horse trainers at home or





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





traveling. I made a. fortune trav-

eling and giving exhibitions.You

have the same opportunity.





Send the Coupon





and get the Introducto§ Course in

Horse Training FR E. This

special offer may never be re-

peated. Act now. Tell me about

your horse.





PROF. JESSE BEERY

Box 42, Pleasant Hill, Ohio





 





   

 





 





 

   

 

   





 





 





Get It.





t!

)4





t





 





worse it got.





Mrs.





Neuralgia,





external applications.





65” Day Liniment 1

g





OU ARE SAYING TO YOURSELF.—

“If I only knew, of something to stop

that Backache—help my Rheumatism—cure my





Neuralgia, I would send and get it at once.”

Gombault’s Caustic Balsam will give you immediate

Relief. A Marvelous Human Flesh Healer and a never failing

remedy for every known pain that can be relieved or cured by

Thousands testify to the wonderful healing and





V .curing powers of this great French Remedy.

C _ soothe. heal and cure your every day pains, wounds and bruises.





Rheumatism and Stiff





Penetrates, acts quickly. etis





Mo. , says.-





Joints.





It has never failed me yet.





   

   

   

 





A Linimcut that Will





 

 

 





Combault’s Caustic Balsam:

The Great French Remedy





Will Do it





It Help: Nature to Heal and Cure.

perfectly harmless. Kills all Germs and prevents Blood Poison.

so good known as an application for Sores, Wounds. Felons. Exterior

Cancers, Burns, Carbunclcs and Swellings.

“I had a bcid hagdcwlth £011; iiunning sores on it.

use austic a sam and never needed a. doctor afte h .”

—Ed. Rosenburg. St. Ansgat, Ia. t t at

James McKenzie, Edina,

Caustic Balsam relieved me of goitre. My husband also cured eczema with it.

and we use it for corns, bunions, colds, sore throat and pain in the chest.”



A Safe, Reliable Remedy for Sore Throat, Chest Cold, Backache,

Sprains.

wherever a Liniment is needed Caustic Balsam has no Equal.



Dr. Higley, Whitewater, Win, writes: "I have been using Caustic Balsam

for ten years for different ailments. "



A liniment that not only heals and cures Human Flesh, but for years

the accepted Standard veterinary remedy of the world.



Price, $1.50 per bottle at all Druggists or sent by us ex ress re id.

Write for Free Booklet and read what others say. p p pa





me LAWRENCE WILLIAMS co. Cleveland. Ohio





~. ,





 

   





othing





   

   

 





The more I doctored the





 

   

 

   





“Just ten applications of





 

   

   





Whenever and





   

   

   

   





 





When writing to ad vet-tints please mention the Michigan Farmer
8—8





 





THE MICHiGAN FARMER





JAN. 3. 1914.





 





Do





 





 

 

 





 

 





 





\

H





't Pay Fr

1 h





min: ‘





“NIAG





 





t‘





indefinitely in any climate.

return.





the above.





Wfite today for full information and prices.

It W111 Day you to ask us to send our catalog on





Spraying Machinery and Accessories





We make quality machines with the power to put Spray

materials on properly. easy to handle and economical to operate.





eiWWa’ter





7Spray with i -





ARA\BRAND

« Soluble

’ Sulphur Compound





 

 





(in Powder For-m) Kb





Dissolves instantly in Cold or Hot Water.

Takes the place of and Is superior to Lime

a and Sulphur Solution for Controlling—-





San Jose Scale and Fungus Diseases





Also has Controlled Aphis at the same time.





The Best All Around Spray for Apples, Peaches and Pears





For nine years we have manufactured Lime and Sulphur solution. Three years ago we succeeded

in putting out this material in dry form. which has met with ALMOST UNIVERSAL APPROVAL

0? FRUIT GROWERS because it has the followinr-



Advantages over Lime and Sulphur Solution





1 A 100 lb_. Drum Soluble Sulphur Compound equals a 600 lb. bbl. of L. and

S. Solution. 1-6 the freight. N o leakage. Does not crystalize. Will keep

No barrels to break or



N? water to pay freight on.



Jose ScaleN in four days, sticks like paint, etc. Reports -



1 from the Government, Fruit Growers and Experiment

Stations covering a period of three years substantiate .





When you write tell us just what catalogs you want.





NIAGARA SPRAYER COMPANY





 

 

 





 

   





 

 

 





 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Controls San





 

   





Middleport. N. Y.





 





 





GOOD SEEDS





BEST [N THE WORLD.

CHEAPER THAN OTHERS;

In addition we throw in a

lot of new varieties extra

with every order. DUR BIB

FARM GARDEN SEED AND

NURSERY CATALOGUE is

now READY FOR you. it

is FREE. Write for it to-

day: also send address of

yourirlends and neighbors



buy seeds. Address





W



fliilllli's Sill] llfllllE

BOX 7 - g ,1.



' “ SHEHANOOAH, IOWA



(unetsr srrn OORiI crowns in THE worm)





Strawberries





\ummer and Fall Bearing) and

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Strawberries and all Small Fruit

Plants mean big and much: profits

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Hatching. Crates. Baskets. Seed Potatoes. etc. Best

varieties, lowest rice. 30 ears' experience. Free

catalogue isfullo valuable Il/ormation. Wrzte today.





L. l. FARMER. Box 480, Pulaski. N. Y.





 





 





 

 

   

 

 





 

   





ALFALFA





AMERICAN NORTHERN GROWN

Guaranteed to be Mpnre and tree from dodder. . 171"“

6161- sample onwhioh toe invite you to act Govern .



e do not handle Turkestan “Dwarf Alfalfa" or cheap

inferior Euro ean seed. We offer only the very best.

Our seed shou d produce hay at 860 per acre annually.

Can usuall furnish Kansas. Nebraska. Montana or

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CLOVER and GRASSES





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furnish grass mixture suitable for any coils.





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WING SEED 00.. Box 242 Mochaniosburg. 0.





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method. Our utifnlly

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the complete ello g 1y

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Kel plant farms_ln_0re-

gon, she and Michigan.

R. M. KELLOGG CO.t





Box 575. Three Rivers. list.





STRAWBERRY PLANTS I





- ' Vigorous northern stock. 36 varieties $1.65



‘ r 1000, also Raspberries. Blackberries.

rrant. Grapes. Aspara s. Early seed

; potatoes. A most value is illustrated

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Mental. Mich" Bohemian Nurserymau.

SWEET SEED. pure white and biennial

yellow. Prices and circular how





CLOVER. was when





 





 





 





 





 





 





   





 





Buy direct from our nurseries

and save 30 to 50 or cent agents'

c arses. Highes

apples. plums. pears. cherries,

peaches etc. inolndin the moat

rofitable J. H. . peach

tees. better quality. hardler. bet-

sari-ghipper. large; Eruit til“? E!-

e a- ropaga e lrec y , tom ,

Mr. Hale’s bearing orchards. WW 1" Stark

All trees are doubly guaranteed true to name.





' 120 ages. handsome-

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apricot trees. quinoee. grapes. blackberries reap.

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figures. Catalog sent only on request. rite today.





WILLIAM P. STARK NURSERIES





 





 





 





 





Statlon 07 , stark City. Mlaaouri '

Are I Necessity





SPRAYER and a lonom.





They save your crop, increase the yield

and improve the quality. Our Spray Cal-

endar shows when to Ipray and what

materials to use. Our “Spray" booklet

shows 70 combinations of





[IMAGE





   





 





 





 





Bucket. Barrel, Power and

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buy just what you

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‘ Box .

Grouioch. I. J.





 





 





 





 





 

 





Rigs (if

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tel-mold. calendar and

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lions; Address





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





at high pressure. Auto-





.l





Juniorhaduflpnyaa





 





rm FORCE PM (20.. 18 Ill]: 81.. Elmira.N.Y.





 





 





 





SPRAYING

RESULTS





DOUBLE





APPLE TREE CAN KER.





 





The term “canker” is a very pliable

one: it can be used to cover most any





[disease or trouble of the bark of a tree.





To the layman it means little when it is

mentioned, and therefore Often serVes as

a loophole for an expervt's ignorance. So,

if you should be asked what the trouble

with a certain tree is, and do not know,

just say “canker,” and the other man

will utter the usual half-enlightened,

“Oh,” and think you are wise.



As stated above, the term canker in-





cludes all troubles involving portions of





living bark. It may be cauSed by frost,

sun. blight or fungi of various kinds. Re-

gardless of- What the source of the canker

is, it is a. serious trouble to have fruit

trees affected with, as it restricts the

sap. Li; is often found on the trunks of

the tree, where it checks the flow of the

sap and the nutrition of the top of the

tree.



The blight canker is due to the blight

bacteria, and is recognized by the blighty

appearance of the affected portion, which

is the bluish black discoloration so com-

mon on lbliglh'ted limbs. The only possible

method of control is. to cut out the af-

fected portions and all blighted limbs

when they appear. The oultsy should be

made well back to the apparently healthy

wood, so as to make certain to get all

the bacteria. which might be working into

the healthy tissue. All wounds made by

this process of cutting should be disin-

fected with a weak solution of carbolic

acid or a. dilution of lime-sulphur at

about one to el-g'l'lit. This: is to prevent

the carrying of the disease from one place

to another.



Canker caused from the sun, common-

ly called “sun scald,” and injury from

frost will generally Show themselves on

the trunk of the tree, the sun scald usu-

ally being on the south. side of the tree.

Frost injury often does not Show itself

until some time after the injury is done,

as the cambium layer of the bark is the

part usually affected. After the growing

season starts, the outer bark w'ill sihrivel

and loosen and give the first outward

signs of the trouble. Cankers from either

of the above troubles should be taken

care of by cutting away all of the loose

dead bark, trimming the wound to good

healthy wood. Wounding of the tree by

farm implements or other cauSes should

be treated in the same way.



Several cankers are of a fungus source.

There is the rot canker due to leaving

rotten fruit hanging in the tree during

”the winter. The rot spores are carried

by the rain from the fruit to the limbs

below, where. the canker will appear. The

common New York apple canker is caus-

ed by the black rot fungus and the cank-

er so common in Illinois is caused by a

fungus of an unspeakable name. The

New York canker is described as enlarg-

ed sections of rOughened bark and with

the wood often laid bare. The dead bark

clings tightly to the decaying wood;

cracks appear later in the diseased part,

and the bark assumes a dark, charred

appearance. vT'he Illinois canker shows

itself in'a dark flaky roughness of the

bark. Under the bark will be found a

mottled appearance due to the intersper-

sion of healthy areas among the diseased





part8. In time the wood is affected and

will assume a brownish, unhealthy ap—

pearance.





There are no specific remedies for these

troubles. All that can be done is to cut

out the badly diseased parts an do what

can be done to encourage the vigor of the

tree. Some of the thrifty growing and

:11an varieties such as the Spy, are quite

reSistant to rot canker, while. others. such

as the W'agener, are quite susceptible to

it. Spraying will do much to keep cank-

ers from this source in check.



SYSTEMS OF STRAWBERRY CUL.

TURE.





 





 





The methods of strawberry culture are

many. They vary from intensive and

good mevtfiBds to poor and indifferent,

from growing a. single plant in a hill to

a, general field culture where plants are

a-l-lowed to run as they will. Although

some claim to have success with it, the

latter method is not to be recommended,

as it Savors too much of neglect.



‘ The first step toward improvement OVel'

this method is- the Wide maitted row,





 





gill“HillllilI|HillIlllllliiliillililHillHill|IlllIllilllIllHilllilllllilllfllllilllIllllllllllillHilllillllllllllllllllllllIlllHilllllllIIlllllllllilllIllllillillillllllllIiIilUlllllllllllillllllllllllIIIIlHillIIllIHHllliIlllllllillilillllilllg

g ' A - o ' E

a 4 E

Hort1culturc.

gill"lIIIilllIil|Iillllllll'lllllllllllllllllNlIlIiilIllllllllllllllllllllllllllIHII|Illll|lllI|IlIl|IllIlllllllllllillllilllll|IllllllillIHIIIllllIHIIlllIllllllllllllllllllIillllIIllllIllIllll|iilll||lIlllIlllll|llillllllllflllllllilillllllllllMINNIE





which is quite frequently used with suc— '





cess. For this system, the plants are us-

ually set about two feet apart in rows

three and a. half feet away. Varieties

which are poor runner makers, such as

the Marshall. are usually set close to-

gether in the row. The rows are allowed

to get from one to one 'and -a half feet

wide, which leaves about one foot Space

between the rows for the pickers.





This method is less intensive than the

narrow matted row, which is probably

the most popular method in use. It is

the happy medium between the two ex-

tremes of neglect and intenSe culture,

and is successful under a greater variety

of conditions .than any other system. It

is very similar to the wide matted row.

except that the rows are allowed to be-

come from six inches to a. foot in width.

This will leave more space between the

rows and therefore make less liable the

cruShing of the “hit by the pickers.

There is also generally an increase in the

size of the fruit over that of the wide

m'ait'ted rOst.



The hedge row and the hill systems are

the intensive methods of growing straw:

berries. and may be classed together as

are the matted rows. For either of these

methods, the plants should be set from

a foot to a. foot and a half apart in rows

a foot and a half apart. In the hedge

row system, the runners are allowed to

grow in the row only, and after the row

is filled, other runners are cut off so that

the row is only the width of one plant.

In rthe hill system none of the runners

are allowed to grow and the plants are

cultivated in hillsl. The runners being

kept off tends to conserve the energy of

the plant, which will be used for the de-

velopment of fruit buds and later for the

increase In size of the fruit.



What is known as the “Kevitt” sys-

tem is a form of hill culture, the differ-

ence being in the method of setting the

plants. Instead of being planted as sug-

gested above, the plants are put in beds

of five rows each, the rows being a foot

apart and the plants a foot apart in the

rows. Between the beds are alleys wide

enough for the pickers. Very large yields





have been grown by this system, and'





plantations have been productive for a.

number of years without a renewal of the

plan-ts. The fact that a single plant Will

be productive for several years is con-

trary to the general idea; however, the

conservation 0f energy due to keeping the

runners from growing makes it pOSSible.





None of the intensive methods should

be attempted unless it is the intention to

pull; a. lot of work in hoeing and cultiva-

tion. On account of the extra expense in

growing, a fancy market should be

sought if these systems are to be fol-

lowed. For this market, the higher qual-

ity varieties are the best. Marshall, Wm.

Bellut, Ridgeway, Bubs-ch and Glen Mary

are varieties of this type. From the

standpoint of growth these varieties are

also good for theSe systems, as none of

them are very great runner makers.

Without exception they need quite rich

soil to do well.



A summary'of the important points to

be given consideration if the hedge and

hill systems are to be followed are as

follows: Thorough work, good soil, plenty

of fertility, high quality varieties, and a.

market for high grade fruit. If proper

attention cannot be given theSe the nar-

row matted row or something less inten-

sive had better be followed.





TROUBLE DEPARTMENT.





 





 





Lime-Sulphur Freezing.



Will «freezing injure lime-sulphur.

There seems to be considerable dispute

about this among fruit growers.



Lapeer Co. F. B.



Lime-sulphur is not injured by even

Very severe cold weather. The writer has

seen barrels of it left out in the open all

winter, open up in apparently good shape

in spring. In tests which have been made

it has been subjected to artificial freez-

ing at 112 legrees below zero without any

injury. Lime-sulphur does not freeze

very easily. Mixtures which test about

32 degrees Beaume freeze at about five





degrees above zero and theSe testing 27"





degrees Beaume were found to freeze at

aibout 14 degrees F. Even when lime-

sulphur does freeze it does nOt freeze

hard, but becomes the consistency of

slushy ice. , . , '



Tlhe only bad eflfect which can come





s





MM.-.“ . .





.345
JAN. 8, 1914.





from freezing is the probability of the

barrels swelling or bursting. This will

admit air to the lime-sulphur, which will

cause crystalizati-On. Lime-sulphur which





"has become cryistxalized can not be used,





as it can not be brought inrto soluto-in

again. When crystal-iz'artion is present it

is better to nae t'h-e lime-sulphur which

remains in sol-utiOn, a little stronger than

usual.



Potting Plants.





Kindly tell me how to prepare the soil

for house plants, My plants are not do-

ing Well this winter. They have a sickly

yellow moliage, and I think the soil is at

ifault —Reader.



When plants are grown in pots they are

living under unnatural soil conditions. It

is therefore necessary to give special at-

tention to the soil used and the methods

of potting.



Probaibly one of the chief causes of

trouble is improper drainage. Three

things may cause trouer from this

source; planting .in too large a pot, wat-

ering .too much, or using soil which is too

compact and has a tendenlcy to puddle.

Because it is confined in the pot the root

system of a plant shOuld not be alll'owad

to have too much room but rather it

should be so that the roots wilhquite

thoroughly permeate the soil. Best results

can. be had iif the pot is just large enough

to have the soil surround the root mass

about two inches. If the pot is larger

than that, enough small pieces of stone or

pieces of broken pot should be put in the

bottom of it to take up the excessive

space in the pot.



The chief cause of silckly‘ plants in pots

is the lack of air to the roots. The three

conditions mentioned above Will exclude

the air from the roots. When there is

excessive moisture in the soil an acid

condition which is detrimental to the

plants will also arise.



The best soil for potting plants is» that

of a porous nalture. One-third tunf loam,

one-third 10an mold and one-third sand

makes a good combination for the first

potting. When plants are repotted less

sand and lead mold Should be used.



, Varieties of Fruit.



Wlhat do you consider the best sour

cherry beside the Mon1tmore11cy? What

are the best varieties of gooseberries and





red cunnnrts?

Illinois. J. F.





The variety of sour cherry next in pop-

ularity to the Monitmorency is the Rich-

mond. However, in some places the

Richmond is a. 8th :bearer and for that

reaSOn some prefer the Dyehouse which

ripens about Richmond time. This va-

riety is very productive but does not

produce as large a tree as the Richmond.

The Montmorrency has, however, a big

lead over other varieties as an all-around

cherry.



The best variety of gooseberry is un-

dlou‘bitedly the Downing. Houg‘hlton is

quite popular with many people, but it is

not as large although it is slightly more

(productive. The Portage is one of the

newer vafieties which has many good

features. It is a. large, handsome berry

which bears quite well. It would espec-

ially be adapted for fancy market pur-

poses. ‘



London Market and Victoria are the

best varieties of red currant. The Lon-

don Market is slightly larger than the

Victoria but is not considered quite as

vigorous. Wild-er and Prince Albert are

preferred by some and will do well when

the soil is fairly rich. Perfection, the

new Variety, is gaining firfiends every year.

It also needs rich sloti'l.





PRACTICAL TREE REPAIR.





 





 





Due to the fact that [we have come to

realize the importance of conservation,

tree repair work or tree surgery has re-

cently become an important factor in

horticulture. Because there was 110 pub-

lished work on this subject many tree

doctors have played upon the ignorance

of the public and charged high prices for

comparatively simple work. Therefiore,

“Practical Tree Repair,” a book by El-

bent Peets, of the Harvard University,

fills a long felt want It is a. good book

on a subject IfOl' which a book was want-

ed. It treats clearly and in an interest-

ing manner, all of the operations involved

in tree 1epz1ir Work. Tree structure and

manner of growth, woundS, the treatment

and control of boring insects, and rot

fungi are thoroughly discussed. Meth-

ods for filling cavities and the treatment

of cavities w'i-thout filling, are dealt with

in detail, as is also the prevention of

wounds, cavities and broken limbs. The

closing chapter contains notes 'on various

species of trees, of which the apple is

given considerable space As this book is

intensely practical it would be useful to

anyone interested in trees. Orchaurdisw,

Owners of land containing either a few

(trees. or a vwoodlot, should have it. To

those who wish to make tree repair work

a specialty it w-Ould be invaluable. The

numerous good illustrations add to the

value of the book. Published by Mo-

Bride, Nast & Co., New York City; 265

pages; price $2. 00 net.





 





THE MICHI'GAN FARMER





 





 





3'99 For $19..





Puls It On Your





I Clean and

Grade Your Seed Grain





 





 





 





You can n’t afford to plant common Seed

(and take chances on a poor crop. when I

am offering to scientifically clean and grade

every bushel of your Seed Grain for this spring’ 5

planting for one paltry dollar.



Here’s my proposition and if you are a smart

man you will write me before sunrise tomorrow:





Send me one dollar and I will ship you

FREIGHT PAIDb yMYS SELF thlsimproved

1914 Chatham Grain Grader and Cleaner, with

all equipment. Clean your Seed Wheat, Oats.-



ax. Barley. Peas. Beans, Corn, Grass Seed,

etc. Then PLANT those fine seed. AFTER

you have harvested a bumper crop. pay me

the balance of my low price. Not one penny

need you 11213.0 except the 31 until next Oc-

tober. And y October YOUR THAM



LHAVE MORE THAN PAID ITS EN-

TIRE COST IN INCREASED CROPS. Then

you '11 have it to work FREE for you the rest

of your life.





Your Dollar Returned





I only want the dollar as evidence of Igood faith-to



fitotect myself from mischievous box 5. Iafter 30 doys’



11rd test. you don' i: want my ntham." sendi back

at my expense and I will return the dollar.





A “Made-to-Order” Machine





Ever "Chatham" is practically a made- to-order ma-

chine. or I send you the exact and proper Screens.

Bid ddlea. Hurdles and Slaves to grade and clean every

Grain and Grass Seed grown in That’ a

the secret of my success. I won d not be the leading

maker of Graders and Cleaners if I had tried to make

my equipment fit. ten million farms. What. would you

think 0 a clothing maker whose suits were all one

also? Wouldn’ t. it be a miracle if he gave youafit. Yet





THE CHATHAM

Grain Grader and Cleaner





undies 10 Kinds of Seed Grain and Grass Seed





From Wheat. It takes Wild Oats. Tame

Oats. Cockle. 359 and Smut.



Cleans the lrtlest Flax. Has special

knocker and skimmer which prevents cloc-

sing. (Other machines choke up )



Takes Dodd denBa arn nYa rrdG ascend Foxtnll

out of Alfalfa and Mlllet“allckasawhlstle."



Takes Buckhorn from Clover.



Sorts Com for Drop Plante



Famous BEAN MILL. Handles all varle—

ties. takes out the SPLITS, Clay. Straw. etc.



Handles Peas as well as an Grain o1- Grass

Seed. Removes foul wee

shrunken. cracked and sick]

out all dirt. dust and chaff.

chatter. Handles 60 bushels



power or hand power. Easiest





   





our locality.

seed and all

grains. Takes

t is also a bully

er hour. Gas

r.unnlngmlll





all makers of Graders and Cleaners. excngt me. send

the same equi ment. whether you live in nine, Ohio

or Oregon. ey wouldn' 1'. do that. if they had my 41

yenrs' experience.





Extra Screens Free





I use. all together. 81 Screens and Slaves. I“:

usually requires 15 to 17 for the average fnrm

I select from the 81 After 41 years in the business

I am pretty sure to pick the exuct equipment needed

on your farm. If I shouldn’t. just drop me a line and

I’ll send yogr additional requirements. There will

be no charge for this.





Samples Graded Free





Maybe you haye some Seed Grain that on can't

clean or grade or separate. Send me a sump e. I will

purify it. and tell you how you can do it cheaply. No

charge for this.





Seed Corn Sorted





Mysblg Corn Sorting Attachment invented 2 year.

ago, agrent success. Twelve thousand farmers and

many leading Agricultural Colleges are using it.



is th 0 only machine I know of which scientifically

cox-to seed corn for drop planters.





New Book Ready





Send me no money now—inst 11 Postal. for the finest.

most complete Book on Seed Selection 1' ve ever writ-

ten. After the Book co mes. write me what. size ma-

chine you want and I’ll ship it. freight afirepnid, on

receipt of .00. Then clean and gra your Seed

Grain. If you write ay. you get. my Book by

return mall. ddress nearest, ofiice.





llanson Campbell company





0.111.150

Dotrolt Kama: City Mlnneapollo





 





Until You Get My Factory Price





on the Detroit-American Tongueless Disc—1' 11 save you

money—don‘ t pay dealers’ prices but send a postal NOW

for the greatest low price, long time, free trialofler

~. ever made on the original





Detroit-American Tongueless

It' s all steel—perfectly balanced—light weight-light.

draft—greater strength—absolutely guaranteed and

sold only on d

MANURE SPREADERS an

88 FrlieTXlalM (:1U1.'1"1v.6.'§01§6s5 a; requaljly

‘ t r — elvere —

bye: PrgceSiléa Esggpaififlg 31:25:52.1 (Seen tral and Middle

est





1“ -d 11

Big SBOtOk Free figbghgvgylng top men no





FRED C. ANDREWS





General Manager





AMERICAN HARROW CO.

1' 14100 Hastings St.. Detroit, Mich. A)





 





 





. Does more work with less draft and leaves a

'1 better surface mulch than any other cultivator made.

w It Works Right Up To Your Trees





» .,-~- “R?" Cultivating the entire surface beneath low brancnes

.z‘ . ”a ”‘2- without disturbing boughs or fruit. Write for cata-

' {I l" 12". logue and free book‘ Modern Orchard Tillage.”





lGl-IT DRAFTHARROW CO.» 606 Nevada Street, Marshalltown, Iowa





 

   





00

F?-





QLDVEIW





[INVESTIGATE-uflul oand Chev-pool WI

Alsike Glover and Timoth mixed. Full 1-8 alsike. a big

aln. Greatest hay an pasture com ination grown.

Wr to for Free Sample and 76-page catalo and circular!

describing this Wonderful grass mixture. eats anythin

on can sow and ridiculously cheap. We handle on1y be

{e sled recleaned seed guaranteed. Write before advance.

A. A. BERRY SEED 00.. Box 531. cloflndu. low-





MapleSugarMakers





NOW





IS THE TIME





 





 

 





 





to fit up for sugaring. If

you want the best and ,

handlest Evaporator on



the market buy. the I. X. L Write us for catalog

and prices. Mention Michigan Farmer.





Warren Evaporator WKS.. Warren. 0.





MAPLE SYRUP MAKERS!





The Grimm Evaporator





used by principal

maple syrup makers

everywhere. Sov-

in; of time and fuel ' "

alone will pay for

the outfit. Write for

catalogue nnd state

number of trees you





 





 





 





 





 





Know Before You Plant That Your Trees

and Shrubs Will Bloom as You Expect





Shrewd people buy merchandise from established houses—houses that will be in

business when they need service. Why should not a planter buy his Trees, Shrubs.

Vines. Roses, Bulbs and Seeds with the same precaution? How disappointing it is.

when your trees or shrubs have leaved out. to find something . _ ‘

Eu did not order—something you do not want.

ave you ever had this experience? Don’ 1: take

any risk when ordering. Buy direct ofthe pro-

ducer and at first cost. We have a reputation at

stake. Have been in business 60 years and

expect to continue indefinitely. You always

know where to find us. 46 greenhouses.





1. 200 192-page FREE Write for it today. It’s





- acres. Catalog interestingand valuable.

" Jrllllllll L H Illl ""-H H H

b 1' '

G -- €31.17 5 I'll-117%.: es

111 lilllli I lili 11111 I



“H Buy Direct and Save Half l

Deal with us the growers—not with agents. You 1

save half and get better trees. Whatever you want

for the Fruit Garden or Orchard—we have it.





A Big Supply of Apple and Peach Trees

Pear Plum Quince Che . G111 Vine Ornamental Trees

Rose's. Planfi, Best New Frulrg All :fethem filliest stock—true to name.





0111' 35years' reputation for square dealing is your guarantee e. We K 1‘

deal direct by catalogue only. ’a no Nursery like Green’sfor value.

0111' finely illustrated catalo Thrivevractlcu.m useful information on care

of trees. It’s free. _ ears with Fruits and Flowers” 01'

C. A. Green' 5 Book of Canni 11g Fruits sent free also. Write us today.





611nm NURSERY co. 30 mm s1. Ioeheoler.N.\'. .





 

 

 





 





 





 





 





I]

7





{Hill





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





:fl





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 





tap.

GRIMM MANUFACTURING CO.

619-621 Champlain Ave.. N. W.. Cleveland. Ohio.





The “Berlln '



\ QM...” lhe Whllo Basket

,Tl11t secures highs" prices for

your fruit Write for 1914 cata-

lop.r showing our complete lino

and secure your baskets and

crates 1111 WINTER DISCOUNTS.





The Berlin Fruit Box Co.

Berlin Heights. Ohio.





PURE FIELD SEEDS.





Clover. Timothy. Aliske. Alfalfa and all kinds of

Pure Field Seeds direct from producer to consumer.

Free from noxious weeds. Ask for samples.

A. C. HOYT & 00.. :-: FOSTORIA. OHIO.



—$1 for 1000





STRAWBERRY PLANT Guaranteed





no good as any one’ 9 plants. All kinds and everbearors

Catalog free. Allegan Nursery. Allegan. Mich.





 





 





 





Pulverized Lime Rock





We can ship in col-load lots in two days after ordor

is received from Muskegon and Benton Harbor.

Write for prices direct. to you.





LAKE SHORE STONE 60., Mllwaukoo, Wll.





OKLEY’S FRUIT PLANTS





.« Michigan’ 5 best, hardy, well rooted stock from

old established growers. All varieties of Straw-

no.€&§$EE§?e§u§$§§meefio 3""23‘3" m “M!"

e

mi TE FOR "C'ATALdE me"

I. N. ROKLEY'S WNURSERIES, RB. Bridgman, "Ich-





FRUIT "“1“" ""‘Y TREES





are necessary to start 3

paying omhord. We furnish chem true-to-nomo. direct from

numry to plnnter. at. wholesale prices. Ask for Free Catalog.





Celery City Nurseries. Box 113 Knlunuoo. Mich.





 





 





F8 TESTED SEED Gfllill





“my. :01va a... .11“Mli.1.11momcl tom" ’3.“

a lo Earl G

canto. BOO-mu. Ooh! Ind “3'91."





   





 





 





 





 





ogln

Wilts todoy. W. N. BOAR-FF, Box 61, New I’D-111115511...
10-10





The MiChigan “ Farmer

Established 1843.





. The Lawrence Publishing Co.





Editors and Proprietors.

39 to 45 Co St. West. Detroit. Michigan.

ELEPEONE MAIN 45.26





NEW YORK OFFICE-41 Park Row

CHICAGO OFFICE-604 Advertising Building.

CLEVELAND OFFICE—1011 1015 Oregon Ave" N.





M.J. LAWRENCE”

M.





 





. .. President

. ..Vioe- President





 





 





 





 





WOREN

E. B. HUUGH’I‘ON” ........... ....8ec.T— reas.

{)B. vgfi’SERBUBY... ......... .



. ‘ ‘ nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn s lllllllllll 0 mi“ be

PREVIEW?” dimmer-

ALTA LAWSON LI’I‘TIianL” ................. J

E. H. HOUGBTON ............... ...Business Manager



TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.

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Five years. 260 issues.

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Canadian subscriptions 500 a year extra for postage



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registered letter or by express. We will notbe re.

sponsible for money sent in letters. Address all com

munications to. and make all drafts checks and post-

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RATES OF ADVERTISING:





40 cents per line agate measurement. or $5. 6098

inch, each insertion. No adv' t inserted for less than

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olottery, quack doctor or swindl ing advertise-

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Entered as second class matter at the Detroit. Mich-

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COPYRIGHT 19l'4





by the Lawrence Pub. 00. All persons are warned

against reprinting any portion of the contents of

is issue without our written permission.





 





 





WE GUARANTEE to stop THE MICHIGAN

FARMER immediatly upon expiration of time sub-

scribed for, and we will pay all expenses for defending

any suit, brought against any subscriber toTheM i-oh

igan Farmer by the publisher of any farm paper.

which has been sent after the time ordered has expired.

providing due notice' 18 sent to us. before suit is started.





DETROIT, JAN. 3, 1914.





 





 





 





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





, Keen interest was

Potato Quarantine taken by potato grow-



Regulations. ers and dealers

, throughout the coun-

try in the recent hearings held by the

order of the Secretary of Agriculture re-

lating to the existing and proposed quar-

antine against the importation of foreign

potatoes. The reader will recall the facts

published in previous comments relating

to the quarantine effective since Septem-

ber 20, 1912, against the importation of

potatoes from Newfoundland; the isilunds

‘of St. Pierre and Miquelon, lOcuted in the

St. Lawrence River and belonging to

France; Great Britain, including England,

Scotland, Wales and Ireand; Germany,

and Austria—Hungary, in which countries

the destructive black scavb or wart dis-

ease of potatoes is kn0wn to be preva-

lent. Mention has also been made in

these columns of the order of recent date

extending this (111a111nt111e against the im-

portation of potatoes to include the rest

of' continental Europe and the Dominion

of Canada. The last mentioned order

(was issued fortWo reason-s, viz., the feet

that it was suspected that infected stOck

from other countries was finding its way

to this country through the ports of Bel-

gium and Holland, against which the

quarantine was not effective, and the fur-

ther fact that another serious potato dis-

ease kllOlWll as the powdery scab is prev—

alent in many sections of the countries

included in the supplementary quarantine

order.



The hearings ordered by the Secretary

of Agriculture opened the way for the

presentation of testimony relating to both

of these quarantine orders by all the in-

terests affected. The hearings were

largely attended and the testimony pre-

sented as summarized in a recent com-

munication from the Office of Information

of the Department of Agriculture will be

of interest to potato growers. This sum-

mary of the evidence presented indicates

that it was; Shown that the powdery scab

is a serious disease, greatly affecting the

value of infected tubers, for which there

is no known preventive treatment, such

as is now commonly used as a protoction

against 103; by our common scab of po-

tatoes, and that it infects the ground on

which the diseased potatoes are grown

for an indefinite period of time. This

disease may be introduced by the plant-

ing of infected seed or even by the use

of contaminated sucks or garbage waste

used as fertilizer or hog feed. The pow-

dery scab has become quite common over

large areas of eastern Canada through the

use of European seed stock and perhaps

to some extent through the other means

of communication mentioned.



Both during and before the hearing rep-

resentative potato growers from all parts

of the country and pathological experts

from all the' principal pota-to growing

states urged the maintenance of strict

quarantine regulations against the im-

portation of potatoes from infected dis-





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





triots. Practically» all the Opposition to

'the enforcement of the quarantine came

from a small number of importers or-

handlers of imported potatoes, while some

of the larger importers of'and dealers in

foreign potatOes indies/ted their willing-

ness to have a strict quarantine main-

tained provided the diseases under con-

sideration were of sufficient importance

to warrant such a. course.





The testimony given by foreign repre-

sentatives is also of much interes-t, par-

ticularly with regard to the opinions

brought out as to the serious nature of

the diseases. Canadian testimony admit-

ted the serious prevalence of the pow-

dery scab in the eastern provinces but ar-

gued for the admission of potatoes from

uninfected sections under proper regula-

tion. Perhaps the Canadian point of

View is best illustrated by the fact

brought out at the hearing that an abso-

lute quarantine is now maintained by the

Dominion against im-portations of pota-

toes from any European country; includ—

ing Great Britain. and Ireland, and

against the neighboring provinces of New-

foundlund.



The fact was brought out at the hear—

ing that examinations made at the ports

of Boston, New York and Philadelphia.

indicated that infected potatoes are com-

ing into rthe United States from Canada.

Belgium and Holland, neary 50 per cent

of infestation having been found in some

of thee shipments. Repre§entatives from

Belgium and Holland maintained that

these countries are free from the disease,

and explained the presence of disease in

shipments cleaning from their ports as of

probable German origin, due to the action

of unscrupulous dealers in the commodity

of shipping the diseased stock through

their ports. Evidence in the hands of the

Federal Horticultural Board, however, in-

dicaites that the disease does occur in

them countries as well as in France, Nor-

way and Sweden.



The resulting action of the board fol—

lowing this inquiry is, however, of

greater interest to the reader than the

inquiry itf'e'lf. This result is embodied in

two orders recently 13sued by the Secre-

tary of Agriculture relative to the lm-

portation of potatoes into the United

States. One of these orders temporarily

extends the quarantine order effective

since September 20, 1912, to include, in

addition to the countries against which it

was originally effective, all of continental

Europe and the Dominion of Canada.

This order became effective December 24,

1913, except that shipments covered by

consular invoices on or prior to that date

will be admitted up to January 15, 1914.

The other order provides for the admis-

sion of disease-free potatoes from unin-

fected districts under proper regulation

and inspection. '



While the order relating to the regula-

tions under which foreign potatoes will

'be admitted has not yet been issued, it is

understood that it will correspond with

the order relating to the importation of

nursery stock. This wiL'l mean that po-

tatoes cannot be imported without a per—

miit from the Federal Horticultural Board,

and that to be admitted pataitoes must be

certified by the government of the country

of origin as free from dangerous diseases

and insect pests new to or not now wide-

ly prevalent in the United States, and

must have been g: own in a district free

from the want disease and powdery scab.



This will involve arrangements with

foreign governments for a survey and

designation of disease-free districts. This

will require some time before importa-

tions of consequence can occur, although

the statement is made through Depart-

ment of Agriculture channels that, “It is

possible that, in the case of certain

'provinces of Canada, and certain coun-

tries and districts of Europe, the abso-

lute quarantine can be lifted in time to

allow the later movement of the present

year’s crop under regulation and inspec-

tiOn.”



It w‘ouid thus appear that reasonable

precaution will be taken against the in-

troduction of these destructive potato

diseases into the United States, but ow—

ing 'to the economic importance of the

diseases and the fact that diseased-pota-

-oes have found their way to this country,

in limited quantities at least, we shall

publish a. description of these diseases'in

an early issue of the Michigan Farmer.





No reader of the



The English Sparrow Michigan Farmer

Nuisance. will question that



the English spar-



row is an unmitigated nuisance, but it

appears that this knowledge is not shared

by some public spirited 'people who have

interested themselves in the matter of

securing better protection for Michigan





(birds.





According to a. recently publiShed

statement, the Kalamazoo Humane So-

ciety is considering the proposition of

initiating a movement for the repeal of

the sparrow boumty law and the placing

of that bird under the same protection as

that provided for other feathered inhab-

itants of the state upon the assurance of





'ita'secretary that his investigations show





that “the sparrow benefited mankind by

its destruction of insects” and “that the

belief that the bird is one of prey on crops

is a popular fallacy."



While this alleged movement does not

merit serious consideration for the reason

tht it is not likely to assume formidable

proportions, in a. state where most lay-

men are better informed regarding the

good and bad qualities of the English

sparrow than the gentlemam who is quot-

ed above appears to be, if we are .to

credit the assertions of our leading zoolo-

gi-sts on this question, it would not be

out of pliace to call general attention to

come phases of the sparrow nuisance

which are perhaps of greater economic

importance to farmers of the state than

his pilfering of grain and harmssing of

other and more useful birds. Modern in-

vestigators have become .convinced that

the English sparrow is an active agent in

the spreading of the'more dangerous in-

fective diseases prevalent among our live

stock, notably h'og cholera and the white

diarrhea of chickens. In View of this fact

it becomes all the more important that

a campaign of extermination should be

vigorously prosecuted against the pest.

It seems rto have been demonstrated that

the bounty law has done little more than

prevent the further great increase of the

pests, and that their extermination will

never be accomplished by this means,

and probably not by any other. In view

of this fact the repeal of the bounty law

might not be a great mistake, as it would

compel more interested farmers to give

individual attention to the sparrow prob-

lem, although undoubtedly the bounty law

materially reduces the number of the

pests bred in the cities. But it is quite

certain that the dream of extending pro-

tection to these feathered pests can never

'be realized by the Well meaning but de-

luded dreamers, since public opinion

would effectually prevent the enforce-

ment, if not the enactment, of any such

provision.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEKl."





 





National.





Christmas was a sad day for the people

Of Calumet, Mich. On the evening of the

24th w'hile exercises were being held in

Italian Hall, a false alarm of “Fire” was

given by some unknown person, which

'threw the whole audience. consisting

mostly of women and children, into a

panic, and in the stampede to reach the

exits 72 persons were killed by being

traimp'led to death while many others

were injured. The factions that had de—

veloped among the people because of the

strike suddenly disappeared through the

great sacrifice of life. Assistance is being

rushed to the unfortunate families from

all sections of the state. Fifty-nine of

the victims were buried Sunday.



Charles H. Moyer, president of the

VV-estern Federation of Miners, who was

conducting the strike in the copper coun-





. try of Michigan, now lies wounded in a





Chicago hospital. He and his co--worked,

Charles Tanner, charge that the miners’

president was snot, clubbed and dragged

through the streets of Hancock. Upon

this charge, they purpose to lay before

Congress a declaration showing a situa-

tion that calls for an immediate investi-

gation by a congressional committee. Gov.

Ferris resents the idea of federal inter-

ference in Michigan affairs, erecially un-

til the state has shown itself incapable of

lhandling the situation.



The fedexal government has won two

cases under the Sherman an'ti- trust law

during the lpili‘Jt fortnight without bring-

ing the offenders to trial. The American

Telephone & Telegraph Company and the

Western Union have voluntarily separat-

ed t-hcir organizations, as have also the

National VVrolesa-le Jewelers' Association

and the Association of Manufacturing

Jewelers. The government had filed

charges against these concerns, declaring

the organizations to be in restraint of

trade. Settlement was made in both in-

stances on motion of the defendants.



Despite labor disturbances in Colorado,

the occurrence of floods in Ohio last

spring, and the general complaint that

mines could not be worked to their ca-

pacity because of labor Shortages, there

was an increased production of coal in the

United States during 1913. The increase

amounts to somewhere between thirty

and forty million tons as compared with

1912 This fact is taken as an indicaition

that the industries of the country are

doing a normal business.



The U. S. public health service reports

that there are 119 cases of typhoid fever

in ”Michigan during the month of Novem-





During a flight at the Panama exposi-

tion grounds at San Francisco, Lincoln

Beachey looped the loop six times, t'hus

"breaking the world’s record for this feat.



Miss Mattie Williams died the result of

burns caused by the explosion of a. can

of gasoline at Alma. Mich'., on Christmas

morning. The gasoline can was mistaken





JAN. 3, 1914} ;





for one containing kerosene and the void-.-





tile". fluid Was used fOr starting a fire, the

accident resu'. ting.

Foreign.



. Information has reached W‘ashingvton

indicating that Great Britain and Ger-

many have entered into a commercial

alliance against the United States.’1‘his

opposition was first hinted at when these

two countries refused to co- -opera.te in

the Pan American ExpositIOn to be held

at San Fancisco in 1915. Further evi-

dence comes from South America, where

the United States financial interests have

been handicapped by aggressive European

capitalists. White the alliance seems to

have been instituted to prevent an exten-

sion of American markets in all quarters

of the world, the warfare will be most

acute in South America, where capital

is now being invested in large sums. It

is understood that the government at

\Vashingiton has instituted an inquiry to

learn more of the exact situation regard—

ing the combination to thwart American

enterprises abroad.



Mexican rebels are marching against

Ojinaga, where Huerta's troops are forti-

fied. This position lies just acrOSs the

river from Presidia, Texas. Although the

rebels are approaching the city through

a tortuous canyon where a few men could

hold a considerable army at bay, no at-

tempt has apparently been made by the

federal forces to interrupt the rebes' ad-

vance. The. wore-t the federals expect,

however, is a. siege which would not in-

volve great hardship, owing to the fact

that ample supplies can be secured from

across the river.



It is reported that the federal soldiers

of Mexico upon the exacuation of the city

of Monclovo, poisoned the wells without

notifying the citizens, and that as are-

Suit, more than 400 residents died. The

federals are also reported to have de-

stroyed considerable property in the vici-

nity of that city.



The :provinces of A0m01i and Hrokkeide,

Japan are suffering from the worst famine

experienced since 1869. The failure of

crops and fisheries is the cause for the

'lack of food. The government intends to

appropriate three million dollars for the

relief of the peasants, and also of the

banks in the affected territory.





MICHIGAN FARMERS’ INSTITUTES.





 





The following is a partial list of the

Farmers’ Institutes to be held during the

month of January:



County Institutes.



Presque Isle Co.,_Millersburg, Jain. 6-7;



Aipena 00., Long Rapids, Jan. 7-8; Al-





cona Co., Harrisville, Jan. 8-9; A-renac

Co., Standish, Jan. 10; 10800 00., Whitte—

more, Jan. 9-10; Glad-win C'o., Gladiwin,

Jan. 12-13; Eaton (30., Charlotte, Jan. .14-.

15; Mason (30., Ludington, Jan. 15-17;

Kalamazoo 00., Oshitemo, Jan. 16-17;

Clinton 00., Ovid, Jan. 16—17; C‘lare Co.,

Clare, Jan. 19-20; Osceola 00., Hersey,

Jan. 19-20;.Isa-bella 00., Mt.‘ Pleasant,

Jan. 20-21; Gratiot Co., Alma, Jan. 21-





22; MOntca'lm 00., Sheridan, Jan. 22-23;

iIngham 00., Mason, Jan. 23-24; Ionia 00.,

Portland, Jan. 23-24.

One-day institutes.



Leelanau 00., Empire, Jan. 2-3.



Allegan 00., Ohicora, Jan. 5; Leisure,

Jan. 6; Glenn, Jan. 7; Ganges, Jan. 8;

Saugatuck, Jan. 9; Laketown, Jan. 10;

Hamilton, Jan. 12; Salem, Jan. 13; Mon-





terey, Jan. 14; Hopkins, Jan. 15; Plain—

well, Jan. 16; Moline, Jan. 17.

Arenzic Co., Areniac, Jan. 5; Tuner,





Jan. 6; Maple Ridge, Jan. 7; Moore J'ct.,





Jan. 8; Sterling. Jan. .

Benzie Co., Honor, Jan. 5; Lake Ann,

Jan. 6; Inland, Jan. ‘7; T'hompson'ville,





Jan. *8; Frankfort, Jan; 9.



Calhoun 00., Albion, Jan. 5; Rice

Creek, Jan. 6; Convis, Jan. 7; Penfield,

Jan 8; Bedford, Jan. 9; Ceresco, Jan. 12;

Stanley, Jan. 13; Abscota, Jan. 14; Te-

konsha, Jan. 15.



Sanilac Co., Melvin, Jan. 6, Brown City,

Jan. 7; Mariette, Jan. 8; Snover, Jan. 9;

Shabbona, Jan. 10; Argyle, Jan. 12; Car-

sonville, Jan. 13.



Shiawassee Co., Morrice, Jan. 7; Maple

River, Jan. 8; Vernon, Jan. 9.



Hill-sdale 00., Camden, Jan. 7; Cam-

bria, Jun. 8; Jefferson, Jan. 9; Allen, Jan.

10; Lii't'c‘hzfield, Jan. 12; Mosherville, Jan.

13; Moscow, Jan. 14; North Adams, Jan.

15; VV‘heatland, Jan. 16.



Jacks'on 00., Sipringlport, Jan. 12; Tomp-

kins Center, Jan. 13; Rives Junction, Jan.

14; Henrietta, Jun. 15; Michigan Center,





Jan. 16; Norvell, Jan. 17; Parma, Jan. 19;

Hanover, Jan. 20; Liberty, Jan. 21' Na-

poleon, Jan. 22; Grass Lake, Jan. 23;

Jackson, Jan. 24.



Mason 00., Custer, Jan. 12; Riverton,

Jan. 13; Summit, Jan. 14.



Ingham 00., Leslie, Jan. 13; Stock-

brid-ge, Jan. 13,'evening, and Jan. 14;

Dansviile, Jan. 15-16; Locke, Jan. 20;





Hold, Jan. 21; Aurelius, Jan. 22.

Newaygo 00., White Cloud, Jan. 15;

Big Prairie, Jan. 16; Newaygo, Jan. 17;





Sitka, Jan. 19; Grant, Jan. 20; Ensiey,

Jun. 21; Bitei'y, Jan. 22; Hawkins, Jan. 23.

Cass C0., Dowanglac, Jan. 5; Volina,

Jan. 6; Jones, Jan. 7-8; Union, Jan. 9;

Adamsville, Jan. 10.

Midland 00., Smith Croesing. Jan. 6;

Poseyville, Jan. 7; Crane, Jan. 8; Homer,





Jan. 9; Midland, Jan. 10; Hope, Jan. 12;





Averill, Jan. 13; Geneva, Jan; 14; Cole;

man, Jan. 15.

'Ottawa 00., Zeeland, Jan. 12; James-





town, Jan. 13; Hudsonville, Jan. 14; Nun-

iba, Jan. 15; C-oopersv'ilie, Jan. 16;, Allen-

dale, Jan. 17.



Gladwin Co, Dale, Jan. 16; Grout, Jan.

17; Wager-ville, Jan. 19; Sherman Twp.,

Jan. 20.



Ciharlevoix 00., Bay Shore, Jan. 19;

Barnard, Jan. 20; Ironiton, Jan. 21; Penin—

sula, Jan 22; south Arm, Jan. 23; VVil-

son, Jan. 24.



Tuscola 00., Unionville, Jan. 6; Akron,

J.an 7; Richville, Jan. 8, Varisan‘, Jan. 9,

Fostoria, Jan. 10; MayVille, Jan. 12; De-

ford, Jan. 13; Cass City, Jan 14,





Livingston 00., Gregory, Jan. 17; Horn;





burg, Jan. 19.
2 ,, . .

Maynard. 1





‘ll~





.a





r

. *_ A _.._._.__..__._.

a





 





‘and so 'jealowsly no





—-





LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?

INFORMATION





 





 





WfiJVEL‘KLY.





D

195151.15 ”5





 





 





gallne Section





 





77w FARM BOY



an? GIRL

” SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





 





fis Magazine Section forms a part of our paper every week.





Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





 





The Alchemy of Human Life





tory—It-he human body-«the sercets of



cell life, which science has sought in

vain to reveal, are withheld from alien

eyes by effectual protective devices which

excite our admiration and inspire our ut-

most respect for their creator. Ever since

Pasteur, Koch, Lister and Virchow lifted

a Corner of this veil and gave us fleeting

glimpses of the marvelous germ life g0-

ing on within our bodies, scientists have

worked overtime trying to break down

the barriers and lay bare all the secrets

of life. Centuries of study and inVesii-

gation have merely revealed to us the

surface gold, as it were, of this remark-

alb'le urine of information wrapped up in

rtihe human organism.



It was a great achievement of science

when the old myths and superstitions

were stripped from our physiology, and

the different organs and their functions

were described and catalogued accurate-

ly. But even the new physiology is sub-

ject to changes and modifications as we

probe deeper into the mysteries of life.

We no longer attribute it to nature’s

lack of purp05e when we fail to com-

prehend‘the f-ull meaning and function

of Home unimportant organ, but ac-

knowledge°that the fault is man’s in not

probing deep enough. A glance at some

of the physiological myths or miscon-

ceptions of the past would indicate the

Weakness of our position in trying to hide

our ignorance under the easy assumption

that natulre had made a mitltake or had

'tlaui-led to make good in some particular

point.



There was the old Adam’s apple mis—





IN the w0r1d’s most wl'andenful labora-





conception,- which for ages held that this

peculiar protuberance in the throat was

a hook or fault of nature. But now we

know that this little lump in the throat

is in reality an important blood-storage

cistern which protects the brain from se-

vere blood presnure. Under great mental

or emotionul stress the heart pumps the

blood too rapidly into the brain for our

Well-(being, and tlhe little automatic stor-

age cistern intervenes to protect us from

apop‘lexy. It checks the sudden flow and

acts as a buffer for the brain. Likewise,

it serves as a feeder to the brain when

the flow of blood is below normal, port—

ing with its supply to make up any de-

finoiency.



The little semi-circular canals or chan-

nels in the bones of the head, filled with

a fluid lymph, were objects of scornfu'i

contempt for many years. and the near-

est approach to a comprehension of them

was that nature had failed to carry out

'her plan, or we had gradually lost all

power to make use of them as originally

intended. Bull; in the new physiology

these semi-circular canals are represent-

ed as very important agencies in making

life comfortable and safe for us. The

canals practically c'onstitute a spirit level

which enables us to keep our balance.

The lymph flOW'ing back and forth in the

canals informs the brain of the position

of the body, and without them it would

‘be impossible for us to realize when it

was tilted at a dangerous angle. Their

automatic operation always assures us,

without conscious effort, an equilibrium

of body to perform our daily work.



Even our perspilraltive or sweat glands





were so ignoranltly considered at one time

that it was looked upon as a. dangerous

symptom for a person to perspire freely,

and attempts were even made to c10se

tlhcm UiD artificially. Bult this safety

valve saves our life every time we run.

walk a mile, or perform any mental \"ork.

V‘V'inh'out these two and a half million

sweat glands ou-r temperature would rise

above the boiling point every time we at-

tempted to run around the block or to

walk a mile.



The emancipation from these physio:

logical myths has given us a clearer and

better appreciation of what the human

body is in its operation and functional

workings. If We cannot understand the

purpose of the little appendix vermi—

formiS, for instance, we are less inclined

to dismiss it as a freak or fault of na-

ture, and if we do not comprehend the

object of any other small organ in the

body it Would be a rablh man who would

condemn it as worthless and useless in

the economy of nature.



Physiologists have determined many

new and startling things in the function-

al workings of the organs that we Only

half understand today. There iS, for in-

stance, a remarkable little chemical ma-

chine in our stomachs engaged at all

times in manufacturing the most deadly

of poisons—hy'droc‘hloric acid. This dend-

ly poison, fortunately for our health, is

under absolute control, and is made in

exact proportion to the amount of food

taken into the stomach. It is estimated

that it is about one-fifth of one per cent

of the contents of the stomach, and this

quantity is just sufficient to destroy the





 





 





 





WALSH.





injurious microbes which enter with our

food. Without this chemical machine our

food w40uld poison us, and if the hydro-

chloric acid were manufactured in too

great q‘uantllties we would be immediately

poisoned to death.



Discoveries of new laboratories for the

manufacture of chemicals and poisons in

the body are constantly being made

through investigations. The liver is a

great chemical laboratory Where poisons

are made to (leStr‘oy germs which may

seek to pass through it. There is a chem-

ical laboratory in the mouth, and anoth-

er in the intestines which protects us

ai‘rom the inroads 0f outSide enemies. In-

deed, there are more kinds of chemicals

manufactured in our b-uiics than can be

found in an ordinary factory devoted to

their manufacture, and culch One has a.

duty to perform. Our physiology is at

fault if we do not know why certain

symptoms precede a ln-eak-down, in the

physical system, or why the body does

not begin to build up again after a spell

of sickness.



\Ve know that in the alchemy of life

there are hidden springs which gush forth

the true elixir of eternal y-ouvth. There is

rejuv‘enaltmn, rebuilding, re—rmaking, and

new creation going on continually. The

body is u self-sustaining and self-build-

ing machine which passes all under-

standing of the ordinary lalws of dyna-

mics and mechanics. How this life is

sustained and rebuilt is the marvel of

science. \\'e have been making some

pretty good guesses about the germ

life and cell life, and investigators are

hot on the trail of these mysteries.





The Last of the Original Hardwood.





HAT is declared to be the last

original hardwood timber stand-

ing in th e

Mississippi v all e y ,





known as the Makem-

son timber tract, is

now being cut. This

bit of timber is world

renowned and has

been visited by many

thou-sands of people

who have desired to

see what the timber

looked like that cov-

ered much of the Mis—

sissippi Valley two and

three generations ago.



Situated five miles

east of Dunvillc, 111.,

it was purchased over

eighty years ago by

the father of’the own-

er who has recently

died and whose death

permitted the timber

to be sold. The price

paid for the 400 acres

by the original pur—

chaser was not far

from two dollars an

acre. Owing to the

eccentricity of the

two men who have

owned it not a tree

has ever been cut and

the tract now offers a.

splendid illustration of

what th e country’s

natural resources,

when leflt undisturbed,

coupled with the in-

crease of population

will accomplish. The

Makemson tract will

net the heirs of those

who guarded it so long





less than a. quarter of

a. million dollars.





 





By ORIN E.





'splendid Ash Treea on’rhe Makemson Timber Tract.





CROOKER.





When the timber was sold a few months

ago at public auction the black walnut

brought over $61000;





 





r





a

.it‘

,“9'1





“0..





Sample'of Black Walnuts In Makemson’s “Wood Lot."





 





'flhe a‘Slh, hickory and

oak brought the total

sum thus alcquiz'ed up

1: 0 about $100,000.

There is still left an

immense amount 0f

maple which will bring

a good price, and the

land, when cleared——

as it soon will be—

Willi bring from $350

urplwards n n a c r e .

Sionie believe it wi‘l go

higher than this. since

other land in the near

Vicinity is selling at

$225 an acre.



The trees on [his

‘.‘wood lot.” as Hiram

Makmnson used to re-

for to his timber, are

of immense size. Some

of tin- black walnuts

are JS and 20 feet in

circumference. One of

them has been esti-

mated to cut $1,600 in

lumber. The ash trees

are almost as large,

while some of the

oaks are truly gigan-

tic. To a lover of

trees it is a sad sight

to see those mon-

archs of the forest

fall under the wood-

man’s axe and to

watch the sharp saws

«cut into the mammoth

trunks. Three years

have been given the

purchasers of the tim-

ber to clear it off. Af-

tter this the stumps

will be pulled and this

celebrated timber
12—12





 





r





JAN. 3, ~1914-.





 





tract, said by those who profess to know

to be the last original black walnut grove

of any size in the world, will be a thing

of the past.





Joe, A Brother.





BY BERTHA E. BUSH.





 





 





“Take care of Kiren, Joe."



It had been the dying mother‘s last

word. Kiren was a sickly little fellow

and Joe. though he was only two years

older, was so strong and steady that he

seemed a proper guardian.



There was a father, but he was a busy

man who did not understand children. All

that a mother does for a growing boy

Joe did for Kiren, and his heart thrilied

with loving pride as he looked at him

new, at twenty.



No one would think of calling Kiren

sickly any more. Tall and brilliant and

handsome, he quite eclipsed the older

brother whom he spoke of with affection-

ate tolerance as ”old Joe" and privately

considered a “slowcoach.”



It was more tlle contrast with Kiren

than anything elSc that made Joe appear

dull and glow. Kiren was 50 bright and

quick-witted. He made up his mind in

a flash and usually gave the effect of

making plans for both. It was because

.loe loved Kiren so much that he did so

much as Kiren said. His whole heart and

soul were bound up in his brother.



Noth'ing pleased him so much as praise

for Kiren. Kiren's chances were more

to him than his own. He never thought

of being jealous of Kircn’s greater pop-

ularity. He never resented being called

slow. He was a ploddcr and he knew it,

and Kiren, who did not realize how much

Joe had done for him, had come to pride

himself on his submission to this slower

brother and to make great plans for

starting out for himself in the spring.

But in the cold weather it was good to

stay with Joe. Joe was a master hand

at making things comfortable.



It was the winter of 1863-4, the coldest

winter in the recorded history of IOWa.

No one who lives in the clustered, well-

warmed houses of today can realize what

winter was like when the wind Elwerpt

down unchecked for a hundred miles or

so before it struck the shivering little

frame house built when every board and

shingle had to be hauled over unbroken

roads from fifty miles to two or three

times that distance.



Two years before there had been an

Indian massacre ill Minneb‘ota. At Es—

t‘hervillc, and some other little towns

near the border, United States soldiers

had been stationed to prevent an-

other Indian uprising. These soldiers

must be fed. To obtain provisions for

them in the depth of winter was a diffi-

cult thing. *



There was no railroad within two hun-

dred miles. All the supplies the govvern-

ment sent to them must be hauled across

a snow-covered, trackless prairie where

the drifts piled up as high as the upper

windows of a two—story house—«if there

had been any houses of such a size to

measure by.



.loe and his brother. and another young

man named Archer, formed a squad who

engaged in this work of hauling, travel-

ing together, and each driving a team

that drew a loaded hob-sled. It was hard,

perilous work all winter long; but on that

first of January, 1864, when men froze to

death sitting bolt upright with the reins

held in their stiffened hands, this team-

ing was as dangerous work as could be

found anywhere. As Joe looked about,

or rather attempted to look through the

whirling snow tllzlt day, he felt tllilt'he

would give all the money he had ealfied

to feel the right to lie by in shelter until

this unprecedented cold spell broke.



It was not that he minded the suffer-

ing for himself; but Kiren complained of

it, and anything that hurt Kiren hurt

.loe worse than agonizing pangs for him-

self. ‘



They were hauling three loads of shell-

cll corn, for the soldiers’ use, to Esther-

ville and had gone flOundering through

the drifts, cutting out a road before them

with shovels when it was otherwise im—

passable, for a week. The going had been

a matter of greatest difficulty but they

had kept at it heroically with Joe in the

lead and Kiren and Amber following in

the track he broke. All the while the

weather grew colder and colder until, on

that bitter morning, it was flfty degrees

below zero. There had been much snow-

fall and the snow was light.



“If a wind should rise now there’d be

the mischief to pay.” muttered Archer

looking through frost—whitened lids at





the piled up driftS. Even as he spoke





Tl—IE MICHIGAN FAR'MER





little puffs of snow began to slide over

the white surface. The wind was rising.

The snow rose higher and higher as the

wind rose. ,.



“From the northwest! And We’ve g'Ot

to face it!” groaned Kiren. “Joe, we

can’t go on in a. blizzard. Let's turn

back to the settlement and stay till the

'blow is over.”



He spoke in the persuasive tone that

had never failed to win Joe QVer to his

will. Joe did not reply quickly. It was

not his way to be quick about anything.

Archer and Kiren had begun to take it

for granted that their plan would be ap-

proved before he spoke. But when he

did speak they were astonished and an-

gry. FOr the first time in his life Joe

refused to yield to his brother's desire.



"No,” he said. “The government is

depending upon us to get these supplies

to the soldiers. W'e must go on with

them, if we can’t make mOre than a mile





a day.”



They argued. They reasoned. They

wheedled. But Joe was as firm as a

rock.





“He’s got the notion into his slow old

head that it’s a duty, and so he’s bound

to do it,” said Kiren, sarcastically. .But

Kiren never dreamed 110W hard it was

for his slew old Joe to resist his wish.

Desire and affection combined to urge

him to yield. Kiren was but a b0y of

twenty and not very strong yet, in spite

of his height. Suppose the hardSllips of

the attempt should bring hurt to him!

VV'hy was he bound to consider the wel-

fare of a company of soldiers—strangers

——rather than that of the beloved broth-

er who was dearer to him than life? It

was cruelly hard. Kiren’s wish to turn

back was but small compared with his.

But he had contracted to deliver the corn

at the first possible moment and he felt

that -he had no right to stop. stubbornly,

as the two younger boys thought, he

shook his head.



“Vi'e must go on,” he said. “But—" a

gain of comfort coming to him—“we’ll

reach Mickey Jackman’s grove tonight

and: there will be shelter.”



On and on they broke their way

through drifts more than waist high,

each hour’s progress slower than the last.

The wind increased to a gale. The snow-

flakes, sharp and stinging as tiny bits of

iCe, blew directly into their faces, pierc-

ing like needles. A blinding Whirl of

white hid all things. They could not see

so far as to their horses' heads. To sit

on the seat and drive was out of the

question. Each one walked and led his

horses. Joe, of course, was first, plung-

ing into Sinking drifts flhat seemed to

engulf him at every step.



There was not a land-mark anywhere.

The only way to judge of direction was

by the wind, which must be faced. Be-

hind Joe plodded Kiren, one hand leading

his horses and the other grasping the

hindboard of the bob-sled in front, for if

they should become separated they could

not see to get together again. Last came

Archer, leading his team and holding on

to Kiren's Sled. Again and again as he

wallowed through the snow, falling and

struggling up again, it came» to Joe that

he alone had brought the others into this

danger. Even the horses refused to ac-

cept his guidance willingly. They were

constantly trying to veer around and go

with the wind in-._!tead of against it.



On the struggled till darkness was at

hand. There was no sign, to Joe’s anx-

ious eyes, of Jackman’s grove with its

blessed shelter. It was useless to try to

go farther now. \Vith the reins over one

arm and the wearied horses too tired to

take a step without his guidance, even in

the way they wished to go, Joe made his

way back by feeling the side of the sled

to talk to the otherS.



“We'll have to camp here, boys," he

said cheerily, and Kiren never guessed

how anxious and troubled he was. Kiren

himself was still somewhat resentful, but

there was nothing like following old J_0e’s

say-so to get as much comfort as p0ssi-

ble. Under his directions they proceeded

to make for themselves the best shelter

that they could obtain, with the wind

‘howling like demons around them and

the cold so far below freezing that they

had 10st any way of estimating it.



They arranged rthe loaded bob-sleds in

a semi—circle against the storm, and in

this semi—circle they hitched the horses.

From a hardened drift they cut blocks of

frozen snow with their shovels and piled

them up as a barricade on the windward

side of the sled. Over these walls they

shoveled loose snow until they had made

a windbreak that w0uld have served fair-

ly well to keep them in comfort during

an ordinary winter day.



But this ‘had been no ordinary day. It

was the coldest recorded in Iowa.



“Look at that! Did you ever see the





like of that?" exclaimed Archer. “It’s





so cold that the horses won’t eat."





With unlimited supply of shelled corn '





before them, the horses stood without so

much as thrusting their noses into the

boxes.



It was the coldest time any of them

had ever seen and 'the night was Just

beginning. What should they (lo-through

its long, dark, bitter hours? Already the

drowsiness that precedes freezing was





beginning to creep into their chilled

bodies.

“Good-night, old fellow. I’m dead





sleepy. Wish you'd put an extra. blanket

over me,” murmured Kiren. Joe sprang

up in greatest distreSs. Well he knew

that to sleep in that cold meant death.

But how couid he impress it on the oth-

ers, already sinking away under its spell?



He shook thcm. Archer roused, but

Kiren still slept.



“Let me alone!” he multtered. Joe

s‘hook and pounded, and eVen brought the

stinging lash of the whip down on the

brother for whose sake he would gladly

have died.



“Wake up and shovel snow!" he cried.

”If you sleep. you’ll freeze to death.”



By sheer force of will he got them up

at last and out shoveling until the blood

flowed freely again through the chilled

limbs. Not a wink of sleep did weary

JOe dare to take. Not more than ten

minutes at a time did he dare to let the

others take. Archer, who was older,

roused to the situation, but Kiren had to

be kept from that sleep of death solely

by the efforts of the others.



“Why won’t you let a fellow sleep?" he

would ask, pite0usiy, accusing his broth-

er of cruelty and making dreadful threats

that wrung Joe's heart.



How the long January night dragged

out! A summer sun would have been

high in the sky before the down first

began to break, and the blackness to

change into gil'ayness, and the grayness

into whirling whiteness. And even after

daylight had come they dared not go on.

They had lost all sense of direction and

had no idea which way to go.



Where were they? There was no slight-

est landmark.

wlhich was east or west or north or

south.



“wait a while,” said Joe to the others

who were frantic to start out anywhere.

“At noon the sky will be lighter in the

south. Then We can tell.” _



Sure enough, after hours of waiting, the

blessed brightness appeared.



“We will ride t‘lie horses,” said Joe.

There was no possibility of hauling the

loads farther just now. "This must be

the way to Jackman's. Get on, boys!"





But he saw to his dismay that Kiren

was quite unable to mount a horse. \Vitll

a heart heavy as lead he lifted him upon

the horse bodily. Had his devotion to

what. he thought was duty sacrificed the

being who was dearer to him than life?



Again and again Kiren toppled over,

but Joe and Ardher managed to hold him

on. Then, as suddenly as it had come

up, the wind went down. Lower and

lower scuddcd the flying snow. Ahead

of them was the grove and, covered al-

most to the eaves, the house and barn.

They had reached safety at last.



If it was not too late! Joe looked

anxiously at Kliren; Jackman was out at-

tending to his stock; there was much to

do and he did not look up until, sound-

lessly, the three ghostly snow-covered

figures appeared before him. He started

back as if they had risen from the

ground.



“Howly Mither an’ where in the wor-

ruld did you come from?”



“From over there! VVe’ve been Out on

the prairie all night."



The pioneer threw up his hands in

amazed protest. “You never could. It's

not a livin' sowl could kape alive on the

prairie last night,” he cried, incredulous-

ly. But Joe had no ears for what he

might say. Kiren was reeling from his

seat on the horse’s back and Joe caught

him in his arms.



“Take care of the horses, Mickey!” he

gasped. Then he carried Kiren to the

house as if he had been a child.



The settler's wife was melting snow.

A great tub of ice water stood: on the

floor.



“I’ll take the tub out an’ make more

room,” she said hospitably, for the sin-

gle-roomed cabin was so small that

three men nearly filled it. ’



“No," said Joe, “We need that ice

waiter.”



He knelt dowu before the chair on

which he had placed Kiren and began

cutting off his shoes and stockings and

slitting the legs of his trousers. Not only

were Kiren's feet frozen, but his. legs to

the knees. Joe thrust themrinto iihe tub

of icy water, dipping it up and, pouring





There was no way to tell.





THE TURN OF THE ROAD.





 





BY ANNA STERNS.

It may be, a long way to the turn in 'the





road,

The pats may be rugged and heavy our

ea ,

Our hearts grown faint from hope de-

ferred,

And sad with needless yearning.





But some day, somewhere, the turn will





appear,



Then will vanish our weariness, doubt

and fear.



Our hearts will be fil-Zed with’joy and

cheer





And strength and hope returning.

The sky overhead may be leaden and





gray. -

The wind cold and chilling, and dreary

the dew;

Not a glint of sunshine across the way

To relieve the day’s dull seeming.





But a. rift in the clouds will some day

greet our View;



The bright eager sunbeams come strug-

gling through,



Giving glimpses beyond of the clear azure





blue ,

And a brighter tomorrow revealing.





Our hearts may be burdened with sorrow

and care,

Too sad for a song and too weary for





prayer;

Dismayed at the troubles We meet every-

)Where.

While our strength is Swiftly waning.





But some day, faint heart, comes a turn

in the tide;

God’s love is so deep, His mercy so wide;

Neither sunshine nor storm can forever

abide;

Each one, as we need, we’re receiving.





Then let’s travel joyously, blithely along,

With sometimes a prayer, and often a

song,

And always a lift for the weak in the

throng,

Till we come to the long road’s turning.





 





it over them. And he never knew that

his awn hands were frozen. He was so

'busy thinking of his brother that he had

no time to think of himself. -



But the ice water that drew the frost

out of his brother’s limbs drew it out of

Joe’s hands while he was working with

him. It was owing to this ready tub of

half-frozen water, doubtless, that no

amputations were necessary. Amputa-

tion would have been a most serious and

very likely fatal thing, for the nearest

surgeon was seventy miles away at Fort

Dodge. The skin peeled off from Kiren's

feet and legs comple ly, and he could

not put on his Shoes for three months,

but he. recovered and was in no wise per-

manently hunt by the experience.



Of course he could not go on; but Joe

never thought of giving up. He felt that

he was under obligation to the govern—

ment to get/chose loads to Estlllerville at

the first possible moment.



The bitter cold continued, though the

blizzard ceased; but the next day Joe

and Archer, with the owner of the cabin

to take Kiren’s place until they should

be able to hire a Uhird man for a driver,

i'hoveled out the loads of cornfhltched

the teams to them and went on in their

difficult way. In less time than would

have seemed possible under the circum-

stances, the loads were in Estherville and

were received with, joy by a. company of

soldiers uncomfortably near the famish-

ing point. _



Joe had not sacrificed his. brother in

doing what he held to be his duty. In:

stead he had won from him greater love

and appreciation than-ever before had

been his. Kiren had learned from this

experience. He never called his brother

a. “slowcoach” again. Instead his face lit

up at mention of Joe’s name in a way

that was good to see. He and Joe both

became successful and prosperous Iowa

farmers, and died, not a dozen years ago,

honored by all the—community.





 





TELL IT TO SOMEBODY.





 





BY FRANK H. SWEET.



“Oh, isn’t that. fine!” exfclaimed a girl,

her eyes shin-ing when she was told that

she had won the essay prize in the acad-

emy. Then, her. eyes" growing still

brighter, she added Quickly, “I must tell

Martha.” And She hu'ried away almost

on a run to the telephone to call up her

friend. .



Have you ever noticed how much of

your ambition and effort to succeed is

inspired by the thought, “I will tell her,”

or "I will tell him,” when victory is won?

A great deal of the world’s best work, the

Iw'Ork that requires skill and patience, is

accomplished through the stimulus and

encouragement of the thought, “I will

tell «it to someone,” when it is finished.



It may be a father or mother, a. broth-

er or sister, or some other relative, or a

friend, to whom we go with our story of

achievement But whoever it is, it is sure





5





 





arm‘s...





.

,..:samm;‘-‘ém*





" u—g’f’w“





ts
W., .M (an... « , ,

-





(A: ~ .





 





JAN. 3. 1914.





to be one who understands our efforts,

appreciates the difficulties of me work

and rejoices over every advance we make.

every victory we win. What an inspira-

tion during the long periods of training,

or during the long day’s work, to look

ahead and see the eyes of some friend

brighten and his voiCe gladden when he

hears how we strove and succeeded.



How it doubles the pieasure of an un-

expected piece of good fortune to have

someone to tell it to, someone who will

rejoice to hear the good news! It is a

pretty discouraging world for the boy or

girl, or man or woman, who has no one

to tell it to.



And should we not give that which we

love to receive? If we need a. friend to

sympathize and rejoice with us, to un-

derstand our work and be interested in

all that comes to us, then someone else

needs such a friend, and we should be

the one. It is not possible for any of us

to be keenly interested in everybody.

Some large-hearted people take an ac-

tive interest in a great many persons,

and furnish generous encouragement to

most of the young people they know.

Such peI‘SOns are a marked blessing to

any community.



Most of us cannot feel a deep interest

in such a large number, but all of us can

be interested in at least a. few. Not only

can we feel and freely empress a lively

interest in our own particular friends’

work and success, but We can select one

or two or three others, boys and girls,

who have not many friends—lonely

struggliers who have no glad listeners to

whom to tell their struggles and vic-

tories.



By getting acquainted with these boys

and girls, by (frequent inquiries as to

their work, their hopes and ambitions.

we may soon become keenly and sympa-

thetically interested in their progress.

And as surely as we come to feel that

way toward them so surely will they turn

'to us as the one to tell things t0. When

effort is hard and success seems remote,

they will struggle the more heroically be-

cause of the thought that it will make us

glad to hear of their success. And when

they win a point it will seem worth while,

because we shall understand how much

it means and be happy over it.



Be somebody to tell it to, even if you

can be it to only one or two or three. An

attentive ear and a rejoicing heart are

makers of courage and hope in the heart

of your friend.





 





THE LAND OF TODAY.





 





BY LOU D. STEARNS.





Dorothy Gray sat d'iS'consolately' on the

rug before the fire, her round chin rest-

ling heavily in the hollow of her pink

palms, her eyes fixcd on the dancing

flames. ’



Outside, the merry shouts of children

echoed from the opposite hill Where they

were enjoying the first coasting of the

year. Beside her, her new book of fairy

tales lay unopened, and PuS‘sy Purr beg-

ged unsuccessfully for a romp. All Dor—

othy‘s thoughts were with the children

outside.



But to all her pleading her mother

continued to shake her head. “No, dear,"

she replied. "FOr a little girl who was

indoors, sick, all yesterday, the house is

the place after the sun goes down. It‘s

cod and raw. You were out for an

hour. Tomorrow, if it is nice and bright,

you will have plenty of time for play, for

it is Saturday, you know. Visit with

Puss, and read the new book you want-

ed so badly.”



Dorothy leaned her head against the

easy chair close by, and a. big tear

splashed down on her check; then an—

other. “Oh, dear,” s'he choked, “I wish

it was tomorrow!”



'Mother Gray glanced up from her

work. "I know a girl," she said grave-

ly, “who has a bad habit of forgetting

today. She is generally either wishing

for tomorrow, or dreading it. The time

to be happy, little girl, is today.”



“But, Mohher—"



Mrs. Gray arose. “Dear," she Said

pleasantly, “if you cannot be happy with

your books and your dolls, and your cat,

I do not care to hear about it. I mus-t

go and prepare tea now, for Daddy’ll

soon be here.” _



Splash! A tear dropped dowu to the

clean. white apron this time. And then,

suddenly, a. queer thing happened.



The tongue of flame Dorothy had been

watching shot up straight and high,

stood quite still for a. moment, then

slowly wavered—swayed othis way and

tha-t—-—parted-—-and a queer little old man

stood in its place.



He was dressed in scarlet and gold, and

his long, white beard flowed nearly to





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





his feet. A high. peaked cap sat jauntily

.on his head, and in one hand he bal-

amod a long, slender rod that looked like

a bit of shining sun. His eyes were sharp

and mulling, and his face crinkled into

the brightest smile Dorothy had ever

seen.



He stepped forward: “I come from the

Land of Today," he greeted cheerily.



She gasped. ”Why." she exclaimed. “1

never heard of such a plaice!”



He thumped his stick vigorously and

it sent forth a shower of tiny sparks,

like bits of flame and gold. Stretching

forth his hand, he smiled: “That’s be—

cause you live in T0morrow,” he oh-uck-

led. Then, “Come." he invited, and all

at once she seemed to be floating softly

on a kind of pink, shining cloud.



At last it stopped and she found her-

self in the ost beautiful place she had

ever dreamed of.



Everywhere wers were blooming, and

birds and but erflies of the most gor-

geous colors (1 rted all about. The sun

was brighter t an she had ever seen it,

and the most w nderful little peOple flit-

ted about—working here, or playing

there; some studying and others reading.

But whatever they were doing every one

seemed haiprpy. No one frowned. Even

th0se who were working hardes't smiled

as joyfully ns thuse who played.



Then, quite suddenly. the sun went be—

hind a cloud and great drops of rain be-

gan to fall; yet in some strange way the

place seemed as bright as ever and no

one minded the rain at all—not eVen

Dorothy.



The little old man, who had left her

for a bit, came up just then. “What do

you think of the Land of Today?” he

asked.



“0h," she cried, “it's a beautiful, beau—

tiful place! But how can it be so bright

when it is raining, and there is no sun?"



“It’s the light from the hearts, child,”

he smiled.



Dorothy Smiled. “I wish I lived in

such a land," she cried.



"You can, if you will,” he nodded.

“You have only to keep happy and help—

ful today. \Ve don’t ilhin’k about what’s

coming tomorrow, but what is here 'tov

day. That‘s all the difference between

your world and ours.”



He waved his long, bright rod. “Try

it,” he urged, “and see,” and with a

jerk she was caught up on the cloud once

more.



Meow-ow—ow! Meow-ow-ow!



Dorothy opened her eyes as Puss sprang

into her lap. FUr a. moment she gazed

wonderingly about; then she gave the

waiting cat a grcat hug. Was it all a

dream” “You dear old thing.” she cried

energetically, “let's try being happy to-

(lny!” and as she stroked the soft coat

a Warm lirttle glow came into her heart.



The room seemed suddenly brighter.

Slhe drew in her breath with a little

gasp. “Puss! Pusu!" Slhle exclaimed,

gleefulily, “I do believe the dream man

was right! Why, just bugging you has

made it seem bright!”





 

 





 





DID YOU FORGET

To send your renewal. order for the Mic'h—

'lgan Farmer? Why not do it right now

while you think of it? Remember you

only inVest 50c for one year, $1.00 for two





years, $1.25 for three years, or $2.00 for. .

five years. '





 





LOST ARTS.





 





BY APOLLOS LONG.





Where are the pies o-f boyhood days,

That came to me in devious ways?



.\t dead of night, when all was still,

Holw oft I joyed to eat my fill



(if pumpkin pies my mother made——

That on the pantry shelves were laid,

Whore hungry boyhood’s fingers deft

Scooped pie, and empty tins Were left—

And then to bed, where sleep was sweet;

While in these days if I but eat



A single piece of pie for tea.



In dreams I frightful goblins see.



That torture sleep, nor take their flight

Until the morning’s golden light.





Now oft I question which to blame

.Are pumpkin pies still made the same

As those of old, or can it be



The change has only come to me?





I know that pumpkins grow as round



As those in olden times I found,



And later. when the knife cf eaves through,

Display the same deep golden hue,

Until I dream the pies shall be



Like. those my mother made for me.





Alas, but when the pies are made,





-How quickly does the vision fade;





No more, no more shall I behold



A pumpkin pie like those of old,



The art is lost—a. hand is laid



Upon my arm, I see displayed



A pie tin deep.'and twelve by eight,

That has been scraped as clean as fate.

Wife smiles, “my boy:” the tale is told,

My boy—a hungry twelve—year-old,

And has he slept a wink? You bet!

It’s eight o'clock, he's sleeping yet.





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





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Ejection 3 Matted





Safety. It’s lust the gun you want!





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It’s a light. quick- gun of beautiful proportions,superb-

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Barrel: 6 Quick Shots; Prou- utton

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Double Extractors: Toke-Down; Trigger and Hammer





 





13—13





mm ‘ . '

1>~\ , If you find 12 gauge guns and loads

' ' ”too heavy and a bit slow in an all—day

hunt, just get this splendid neW.





Marl in

16-61:. Hartlilrflm





Shotgun—

$24.50





_ Send 3c post.

5130 age for complete '

catalog of all Marlin _

repeating rifles and shotguns. .





fleflatfih firearm: a,





127 Willow St. New Haven. Conn.





M

MllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllflllllllll





 

 

 

 

 

 





, Write for

\ “Betty”





That’s the name

of the beautiful

girl on the





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





(Size, 13 X 32 inches)





Send your name and

address and 3. 2c stamp

(it pays part of the

postage) and w c ‘ ll

send you Free and

poatpaid this beautifully litho-

graphed and perfect reproduc-

tion of the oil painting

Betty,"painted especially for

us. 1914 calendar is attached.

FREE

Coca-Cola booklet cucloncd.





THE COCA-COLA C0.

Atlanta. Ga.





 





Too Steep—No

Sand Too Deep”





“Olympic Forty" $1385;

“Majestic,” a big four,

$1885; “Sultanic Six,” $2150.

Write for catalogue today.

JACKSON AUTOMOBILE CO.

1508 E. Main Street. JACKSON. MICH.

978 Woodward Ave.. Detroit. Mich.





 

 

 

 

   

   





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Lnuk! Head and Save Money





We have a big Stock of Apple. Peach. Pear. Cherry,

5t Plum trees, at 30 a rig. Shade trees. Berry lauts,

Roses. Shrubs. Etc. eed Corn. Potatoes Oats.

We were formerly at Moscow. but have better facili.

ties now to serve our Patrons, send for Catalogue,





ERNST NURSERIES. Box I. Eaton, Ohio.





BERRY PLANTS of all kinds: Strawberry, Block-



berry. Raspberry, Gooseberry,

Currants. GrapeiVines. Etc. a grow and ship noth~

In but first. class true to name. strong rooted, healthy

P ants. Warranted to Grow and of best varieties.

BRIDGMAN NURSERY CO. Cultural Catalog Free

Stahelin dz Son. Prop.. Bridgman. Mlch.. Box 66.





——At the annual meeting to be

held In the city of Hastings

on January 18. 1914. to oom-



- . . momahtono'olockA M





the members of the llflcli:

igan Mutual Tornado Cyclone and Windstorm Insur-

ance Company will yo 9 on amendments of sections 5

and 7 of the charter of the said company.

D. W. ROGERS. Sec.

Dated at Hastings. Mich. Dec. 9. 1913.





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





 

   

 

   





fl ‘5‘ _ . . _.





The opportunity of securing free home.

oteads of 100 acres each. and the low

priced lands of Manitoba. Saskatchewan

and Alberta, will soon have passed.



Canada offers a. hearty welcome to the Settler.

to the man with a family looking for a home:

to the farmers son. to the renter. to all who

wish to live under better conditions.



Canada’s grain ield In 1013 in the

talk of the world. uxurlant Grasses give g

cheap fodder for large herds. cost. of Elam: ;

and fattening for market is a trifle. 5



The sum realized for Beef. Butter. Milk and ’

Cheese will pay fifty per cent on the

investment.



Write for literature and particulars us to

reduced railway rates to

Superintendent of Immigration.



Ottawa. Canada. or to

Canadian Government Agent.





 

 





-‘ M. V. Haclnnes.

"G Jeiiorson Ammo.

Detroit. Mich.





 





 





Is: . WE SHIPWIPPBOVIL





u ‘ \ without a can! deposit, prepny the freight and

“8110‘" 10 DAYC FREE TRIAL.



L H“ ONLY 6081's one cent to learn out



unheard of into: and man/dour 2J0:



l on highest grade 1911 model bicycles.





W Heroin Pnlcissyazz:





 





,1}





 

 

   

 





\\ t V, . . l“ a pair of tires from anyone at any price

.\ “ \\ , . i . "until you write to: our large Art Catalog

\ Mal” V . ”,9? i“ and learn our wonderful preposition on

D i, I ,‘- if ’-‘ My first sample bicycle going to your town





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





l ,‘ ‘l‘llq. eve wherein

l‘ )5" ”DE“ “GENTS nagging big

«:- moucy exhibiting and selling our bicycles.

We Sell cheaper than my other factory.

TIRES, Cantor-Brake nu whoolo.

lamps. repairs and all sundries at half usualpn‘cu.

Do Not Wait; write taday for our ”trial o’er.

MEAD CYCLE 00.. DOD‘JV'I'I. CHIC





Choice Fish





Now being caught in large quantities daily.





Our price list is free. It will cost. you just 10.

tosenda postal card asking for it. You can't

make 8. better investment.





WISCONSIN FISHING C0.

Department Y. Green Bay, Wis.





' It 3:: Your leg Cut on





you would insist. upon the wound

being carefully dressed and cared

for; why not. give the some care to

the minor inJurias of daily occur-

rence? The danger of blood pmson-

mg as as great in one case as in the

other. the OXALBIT L for dressing wounds, it

is an antiseptic dressing that has merit and is

sold by mail only. Price 35 cents Money returned





if not satisfied. 'OXALBITOL (1).. W. 9:.





 





 





   

 





 

 





RA‘VJELI N0 4 .-.

»SALESMEN





You can learn to be a as] his ' 0'0 A

marl and be earning whilg- yotuq mini." efiggyrfig: 82!,

perlcnce required Write today for particulars “8‘:

of hundreds of good (Bushings and testimonials lrom

hundreds of our stu ents who are earning $100 to

ont . Address nearest oflicc. DethIl

National Salosmon's Tralning Alsoclfllon

Chicago New York Kansas City San Francisco





For lubricating oil and

paint. putting in entire

time or in connection





with other work. Good chance to increase your income.

Address The Harvey Oil 00.. Cleveland. 0. Dept. S.





WANTED—«Agents to sell Power, Pump and Field

_ . Sprayers through Fruit. and Potato

districts of Michigan. ' Good lay out. for active man.

Address Sprayers. cr. Michigan Farmer,Detroit,Mioh.





 





 





 





GOVERNMENT FARMERS “HEB fififilffiei .





 





living quarters. Write, ()ZMENT, 17 F. St. Louis, Mo.

BOUGH Bears Foxes. Minks. Ducks, Guineas.

and all kinds of birds and animals.





William J. Mackenson. Box 334, Yardley. Penna.





 





 

 





5 cents





’1'.





 





Railroad Watch





To Adv-run our busing-I, unk- nov Manda Ind introduce our analogue

. 0! Viral: burgllm we will send this elegamEaih-ood inch by mull pol! paid





- \. (0! ON LY 9 CENTS. Genrlomon’l lilo. fullniokel silver piston!





 

 

 

 





I VIAI

GUARANTEE





DRAlN TlLEI





 





3|th on ‘llll'lll





R. a. on urns & co- 538 So. Dearborn St, cmE'i'éo.





' Use.NATCO Tile-w'l'hey Last ForevefP





Farm drainage needs durable tile. Our drain tile are ma e o hes

Ohio clay. thoroughly had burned. d t I

replaced every few years. Write for prices. Sold in carioad lots.

Also manufacturers of the famous NATCO IMPERISHABLE

SILO, Building Blocks and Sewer Pipe.





5

«In, locomotive on dial, lever coop-mounuom wind and man: out. I perfect

timokuw and fully





mud (or 5 yous. Send this mum-mom to us

NT Ind vocab will be “at by return mull t paid.

or my refunded. Bond 96¢ todly. X:





Don't have to dig ‘em up to be





NATIONAL FIRE ’ROOFING COMPANYJ‘uItoh Building. PITTSSURG. PA.
Tommy Truckfarm: “Say, Ma, I’m

awful glad you’re done your wash.

I want a lunch to go fishing with.

Oh, what do you think—I was out

looking at the chickens and that

city girl pointed to a chicken and

ast me if it laid an egg what would





I do with it. I sez ‘I’d send it to





a museum. That chicken’s a

rooster.’ Ain’t you glad you heard

about Fels-Naptha Soap and can

get your work done so soon?”





Anty Drudge: “It looks to me like

you’re glad too. Fels-Naptha is

the friend of every one. I always

keep a box on’ hand so’s I’ll be

sure to have enough.”





The Fels-Naptha

way is the best way

and easiest way of

doing all kinds of

work.





The Fels-Naptha

way is the cool-

water, no hard-rub—

bing, time-saving

way. For the weekly

washing, for house-

cleaning, scouring

greasy pots and

pans, making china

and glassware glis-

ten, there is nothing

so good as Fels—

Naptha Soap in cool

or luke-warm water.





Full directions on

the red and' green

wrapper.





Better buy it by the carton or box.





Fels 6: 00., Philadelphia.





 





 





 





 





 





,

l





l





 





 





 





 





JAN. 3. 1914.





 





“4/.





37611181] 8113 Her Need?





At Home 8113 Elrew ere





 





ance who is a failure from a finan—



cial point of view. He is now past

middle life and has never made money,

so it is safe to assume he never will.

There are many more in the world like

him, and I should never think of singling

'him out for remark if he was not always

trying to explain his poverty. It seems

one time when he was a young man he

saw a chance to make a profitable invest-

ment. Instead of investing his savings at

once and. keeping still, he told a friend

he was going to invest tomorrow. That

night while he was counting his expected

wealth his friend cut in ahead of him,

snapped up the investment, and 'is today

worth thousands of dollars.



My friend has always charged his pov—

enty to his friend’s treachery. It has

never occurred to him that his own fail-

ure to seize opportunity when it1present-

ed itself is the thing responsible. He

doesn't even dimly suspect that he has

not in him the qualities which make for

success, clearness of visiOn, prompt ac-

tiOn, courage and aggressiveness. Nor

does he seem to know that the one lost

opportunity could not have kept him

down if he ’had had it in him to rise. To

the end of his days he will believe that

he remained a poor man because one

friend proved false.



On a par with him is 'a young woman

I know, a. music teacher who has never

lhad many pupils nor kept the few she

'had very long. She blames her failure to

the fact that her parents would not send

her to New York to study. Everyone else

thinks that had she been worth sending

to New York to the best teachers she

would have got there some way, even if

her parents could not have sent her.. She

is a failure because she lacks musical

ability, temperament, personality, the

things necessary -to make her a success—

ful teacher. She is a failure because she

was born one, not because she has not

had sufficient opportunities to make good.



Another woman WIhO is out of touch

with everything blames her unlhlappy life

on her bringing up. She has never been

happy, never been successful, has prac~

tically no friends, and is altogether about

as wretched a person as one would want

to meet. And she blames it all on her

mother, says her mother didn’t bring her

up right. No one can see where her

mother made any mistake, unleSS it was

in bringing her up at all. She really

doesn't seem to justify the effort. But

instead of looking wlvth‘in herself for the

cause of her unfortunate temperament,

she insists. that somewhere along the

years her mother did something she

shouldn’t, or did not do something she

should, and no one can persuade her dif—

ferernrtly.



I really haven’t much patience with

people Who are always blaming their

faults and failures on the other fellow.

To me it is a sure sign of weakness. The

big man or the big woman is as willing

to stand for his mistakes as to take

credit for his successes. If things go

wrong, instead of trying to throw the

blame elsewhere he will sit down and try

to see wherein he might have done dif-

ferently with better results. He will

profit by his mistakes and learn what to

guard against in the future, instead of

saying, “If SO-and-So had acted differ-

enrtly I would have been all right.”



In this class of weak‘lings I always

count the people who refuse to do what

they know they should because someone

in the church has not done right. Just

how the fact that someone else has done

wrong can excuse me if I copy after

them is a problem I have never been able

to solve. I should not feel justified in

killing a human being because, on various

occasions clergymen have yielded to pas-

sion and taken life. Why, then, should

I excuse my cheating in buSi-ness or lying

or short—weighting or swearing or doing

anything that is vicious on the ground

that some of the church 'folks I know

aren’t square? It can’t possibly matter

1to me what the other fellow does. If I





THERE is a man of my acquaint—





 





Wanit to be square I know how and I' can





Who Is to Blame for my Failures?





 





‘be, even if my neighbors aren’t. If I

don’t want to be I needn’t, but the fact

that someone else rwnsn’t square either is

no excuse for me. I am What I elect to

be, SUCCeSS or failure, slain-t o'r sinner, and

the conduct of friends or foes can not

alter me unless I will it.

DEBORAH.





Dainty Toilet Articles.

By MAY Y. MAHAFFY.





NE of the daintiest p05sible gifts

0 for maid or matron. which must



at the same time be inexpensive

and beE-peak the work of willing fingers,

consists of :1 pair of slizpvperr trees which

will keep the best party pumps in trig

shape when not in use. These trees, of

wooden ends, with flexible steel connect-

ing strip, are p-r'ocuIrable for five or ten

cents at almost any shoe store. The toe

and heel parts of wood are placed in the

toe and heel of the slipper, and the steel

arches urp according to the slipper’s





F





 





 





 





 





 





No. 1.





Slipper Trees.





 





 





 





 





ll 1'1

llllllllllllll V y





No. 4.





length. T1W10 yards of ribbon one inch

wide will be needed tocover the steel

port-ion nicely, and may be in pink, blue

101' any preferred shade. Divide the rib-

'bon, allowing half for each tree. Again

divide the .portion for one tree, and ov—

ercast it together on the right side, run-

ning the stitc’hes as nearly invisibly as

other side must be overcast while holding

the strip over the steel, and the ribbon

pushed along so that the fullness will be

evenly distributed. An extm. half yard of

ribbon will be needed for the bows around

each. The covered and uncovered tree

are represented in Fig. 1.



Figs. 2 and 3 show two collar protec-

tors, either of which may be fashioned in

a few minutes, and will be found just the

thing for use with coaits or fuirs Which

are likely to soil pretty neckiwear. N0. 2

is made of net one yard IOng and 12 or 14

inches Wide. Fold the net the long way,

and turn the edges together, overcasting

them carefully. Some prefer to darn in

.and out of the mesihes, and if this is done

the darninug must run \all around the

scent. The square ends are then gath-

ered up under crocheted roses or other





 





ornaments, finished with crocheted balls

or pendants. these add Sufficient weight

to the scarf to keep it in place after

folding it round the neck. If one is not

an adept at croc‘heting, small rosettes of

ribbon or lace will answer. The centers

may be filled with beadS, and strands of

beads dangle therefrom.





The other collar protector is made from

a yard of six-inch ri'blbonn, figured or

plain. The ends are pointed, and at the

center back a slash is cut across the rib-

bon two-thirds of the Way. From oppo-

site directions a few inches at either side

sloping cuts are made of equal length.

These give the ribbon 'an opportunity to

spread around the back of the neck and

over the shoulders instead of rolling up.

The edge is then finished with lace, held

just a trifle full, this lace running Hip

and down on Uh-e slashed portions as Well

as on the plain edge“.



A vanity bag is made of half a yard of

pretty ribbon three inches wide, or a strip

of silk of the same size answers for the

upper part of the bag. An extra oval or

round piece must be used for the bottom.

Gather the bottom of the bag and fit to

the bottom section. Remove the frame

from a tiny mirror, wrap it in narrow

ribbon of the col-or predominating in the

'bag, and fit this into the bottom of the

bag, which should be cut just a seam's

widttlh larger than the mirror. Stitches

taken through the ribbon—wrapped mirror

and into the bag proper will hold it

firmly. It is sometimes possible to pro-

cure mirrors with sautin backs, all ready

'to track into place. Others may be glued

into position. Lace edging t‘hen finishes

the top above a hem o-r facing arranged

for the gathering ribbon. If a powder

puff, or a bit of chamois scalloped or

Ipinked and tacked by French knots to a.

quarter if a yard of fringed ribbon, as in

Fig. 4, is rolled up and placed inside the

‘bag this little gift will be complete, in-

deed. Or, a circle of ch'amois may have

an edging of lace to match the top of the

bag.



A charming cover for a talcum powder

can is made from half a. yard of ribbon

as wide as the can is high. Machine

stitch a narrow silk tape on the wrong

side along each edge, and run with elas-

'tice just lalge enoumh to go a10und a can

very snugly. Join the riblbOn, and fin-

ish at either side of the top by numer-

ous loops and ends of baby ribbon of a

harmonizing shade. These are readily

slipped over, a can, the elastic holding the

cover in place, and when one can is emp-

tied i-t is only a moment’s work to trans-

fer the cover to a full one.



A cham‘ois and powder bag combined

ought to find a warm Welcome from any

man who has contracted the h‘ilb‘ilt of

shaving at home. ("l'OCllet a circular

[piece about four inches across, using the

single crodhet stitch, gradually increasing

just enough to keep the work fiat. a soft

white cot-ton serving as the medium for

work. Finish the edge with a small scul—

lop. Attach this to a circle of ohamois

of the same Size, stitching just back of

the scallops, and leavingr one side open

for the insertion of the powder bag. This

bag should be made of two circles of thin

:m'us-lin just a little smaller than the outer

cover, and be filled with good talcum.

Slip into the outer cover and overcast

the open portion. These overcasting

stitches are easily removed wlhen the bag

needs refilling, Or requires laundering.





An. attractive dresser set is made f1om

small figured creltonne edged with Cluny

lace or croc'.het Besides the scaaf there

should be a, square or oblong cover for

a cushion and a couple of round mats for

toilet bolttles. If desired, bags for laun-

dry, collars or 'hair combings may be

added.





 





THE “FRIENDLY CLINIC.”





 





Already the Twentieth Century Club is

receiving letters from mothers in the

country in response to the statement

printed in The Farmer a week or so ago

that the club was planning a committee

to befriend country girls. One letter asks

the charge for help. There is no charge

made for any service rendered. To quote

the chairman of the committee, Mrs. Geo.

P. Fr£13erz
1.5m; ‘A'





“was " ’

‘WWW





41.3“.th :‘





«Mir,





 





JAN: .3, 1914.





.—

v





“The :service is: given wholly. through

the spirit of sister-heed that should exist

between all women, hoping to lessen the

burden of mothers who must be parted

from their daughters, and at the same

time to have a watchful interest over the

daughter, to shield her as much as pos—

sible from the dangers of city life.’



The following leaflet is being distributed

throughout the city:



“The Twentieth Century Club of De-

troit, announces that it has established

a Friendly Clinic,v to receive any girl

stranger in’the city or otherwise, who de-

sires information as' to places to live, em—

ployment, or similar matters, who would

appreciate a general friendly interest.



“This clinic will be conducted by the

women of the club, and will be held dur-

ing the winter months, November 1 to

April 1, on Saturday evening, from 7: 30

to 8:30 o’clock, in the Twentieth Century

building, corner of Witherell and Colum-

bio streets, using the Witherell street

entrance.”





 





HOUSEHOLD ECONOMY.





 





BY FLORENCE BIBpWN.



At a recent gathering of women the

above subject was discussed and it was

interesting to hear the different opinions

as to the- meaning of the word economy.

Webster got the impression somewhere

that it meant “thrifty management: fru-

gality: dispOSition of things.” Mr. Web-

ster would have been greatly enlightened

on the meaning of this much abused word

had he listened to the discussion,



Much of the so-calledl'economy in the

Ihome is the greatest extravagance. For

instance, a woman will spend days and

weeks piecing up scraps of calico and

quilting them, and when she has the fin-

ished product will have a virtuous feeling

that she has saved the family a small

fortune. In the olden times it was true

economy to piece quilts, for the pretty

white spreads were- unknown and eVery

scrap of calico used in that way was

wisely used. Now one can buy a spread

that will look much better, waSh easier.

and last longer than a quilt and at less

cost tihan a quilt can be made. To be

sure, a spread does not quite ansWer the

purpose of a quilt, but since it has be-

come the custom to make light weight

comforts of white cheesecloth the bedding

is more satisfactory than in the days of

quilts. We are all proud of the quilts we

have inherited and look with wonder up-

on the dainty stitches, but we realize

that the day has come when it is the

lpoorest economy to spend one‘s time and

strength piecing and quilting them.



In many homes a false idea of economy

prevails in the me of old rubbers and

void lids on fruit jarS. The loss of one

good can of fruit would buy a dozen of

lime best grade rubbers and it would be

a small expense to get new covers when





needed. So many. complain of losing can~ ,





ned fruit, but there are a few simple

things to prevent this loss. First, have

perfect cans. When a new lot are-bought

test each one with water before putting

fruit in it. Some cans are made imper-

fectly and no amount of care will save

the fruit put into them. Use only new

rubbers, or if some old ones are seem-

ingly good, use two on a can and if the

fruit can be turned upside down and not

leak they will be all right. This is the

second point of importance. The third

point may not be so well known to house-

keepers. Many sorew down the lids af-

they they have stood awhile. This is a.

mistake, as several years ‘of experiment-

ing has proven. “'hen the fruit is hot

and the lid is screwed down the rubber

becomes warm and adheres to the can. It

stands to reason if this is broken when

the fruit is cold it is likely to admit air,

Another economical way to can fruit is to

put it up in hot water. Many kinds of

fruit keep better and have a fresher taste

than canned in the old way. Fill your

cans with fruit as it is prepared for or-

dinary canning. Place jar in pan of hot

waiter and put a silver knife or spoon in

the jar 'to keep it from breaking. Pour

'boiling water on the fruit and cover it

lightly with the lid; after standing ten





minutes pour this off and fill- up the can.





again with boiling water, put on rubber

and screw down top, and the work is

done. thulbarb, gooseberries, blackber-

ries. raspberries, kee-p perfectly canned in

this way, and with the two latter the

flavor is better if the sugar is not cooked

into the fruit when opened. It may be

'put in some little time before the meal

so it will dissolve. If you have never

tried this method. begin in a small way

with goosdberries and rhubarb and see

how easy it is and how good. It is 311-

most impossible to tell it from the fresh-

ly authored fruit.





THE MICHIGAN VFAR‘MER





,Eco’nomy" seems to be a much abused

word, for what is true ecommy for one

family is rank extravagance for another.

On the face of it one would think it true

economy for a woman to do her OWn

sewing. Let Us suppose a case. Mrs.

Green has a. family of five young chil—

dren. Would it pay her to take her time

and strength to do the family sewing,

when she has little taste for that kind

of work, and to add it to her already

long list of duties would mean a nervous

breakdown? No, it is wise economy for

her to hire her sewing and take a little

time each day for recreation, in the sense

of “re-«creationJ’ Mrs. Brown has asmall

family and was trained from childhood to

use the needle and sewing machine and

it is wise for her to hire washing and

ironing and do the family sewing.



One source of waste in the home is in

(feeding the family on left-overs that

should go to the chickens or p-igs. When

good material is put with questionable

left-overs to make it attractive it is not

economy. On the farm, food is not wast-

ed that is fed to the animals and often





. a much better table can be set with little





added expense by avoiding this form of

so-called saving. The French people may

be able to concoct appetizing and attrac-

tiVe dishes out of mere nothings, but the

art is in its infancy in America.



Town economy is a different pro-position

and consists largely in knowing where

to buy as well as what to buy. It is not

economy to buy cheap stuff with the idea

that a little skill in its preparation will

make it all right. Be sure the store is

clean w'here butter is bought. See that

vegetables are protected from dust and

dirt of all kinds when you select your

green grocer. When it comes to meats

be your own “inspector" before deciding

who shall furnish it f01- your household.



Housekeeping ought to be one of the

fine arts, not drudgery, but it takes

brains and their constant uSe to reach

this desired end. W’hen planning house-

'ho‘ld economy don’t leave yourself out of

the propOsition, but discard every plan

that saves material things at the ex-

pense of your own life and happiness.

“Better is a dinner of herbs and a cheer-

-ful woman therewith, than a banquet and

dyspepsia thereafter.” (After Solomon).



This is the time of year to take to

heart VVebste'r’s last meaning of economy

——“Disposition of things”—~get rid of as

many dust catchers and moth producers

as posgib'le and let the sunshine in on ail

you own. Let health saving be first and

other things will take their logical places.





 





LAUNDRY HELPS.





 





BY CASSIE C'BAIG.



Many Women complain of being so tired

on washday, from the housework and

washing also. There is a plan that works

admirably well. The day before wash

day (though most women prefer to wash

on Monday), bake your bread, make TJWU

or three pics, boil a pot of beans, fix some

kind of salad, stew fruit, if you haVen't

any canned, boil up some kind of meat,

if you haven’t canned meat, soup your

white clothes and put to soak, fill up the

boiler with water and cover up.



Then, on wash day, before you sit down

to breakfast, have “'hubby” heip put the

boiler on to heat and when breakfast is

over and the work d011e up in kitchen.

(leaving other work go for awhile), your

boiler of water is hot and you can begin

your washing. Rinse clothes out of cold

water and go ahead with 'white clothes

as usual. After you finish up with the

white clothes you can then sweep, make

beds or anything most urgent. \Vhen din-

ner time comes have everything in readi-

ness'and lunch at the usual noon hour.

After dinner, if you haven’t finished

washing yet, pile up your dishes, place in

dislh pun, cover with water and let stand

until after you finish your washing. Of

course, dishlpan should be piaced some-

where away from the flies.



After washing is all out, rest yourself,

and it won’t be much disgrace if your

beds do not get made until before going

to bed.



Ifyourneighbor ladies learn the day

you always wash they are not purposely

going to call on you. You will find. this

an enormous help.





 





HOME QUERIES.





 





Household Editorz—I found a real con-

solation in your article on keeping in

pie juice. and to find that all the new

kinks fail, like signs in dry Weather.

Even sticking pieces of macaroni into up-

per piecrust fails, which reminds me of

one of my hobbies when but.a little girl.

I used to stick hen‘s feathers into the





ground. expecting tojraise chickens.’ But

to return to pie. I glaze upper and un-

der crust with the white of an egg, on

the inside, of course. In this way fruit

pies will keep for days without SU-aklnq

through crust. I always mix flour 'with

the sugar in the bottom. Now comes the

really hard part, the baking. lf 1 can

manage to have the oven just not enough

to bake the crust thoroughly before the

filling begins to boil and then let the

oven cool, or at least watch clOSely so the

juice will cook very slowly. I have quite

good success. I hope We may hear more

on this subject—Middleaged Cook.



Household Editor. —-I inclose a recipe

for buns which my friends think me very

good; Three cups bread sponge, two ta-

blespoons lard, th1ee tablespoons sugar

mix and add flour enough to make like

salt biscuit dough. geese over top and

put in warm place to rise. When light,

turn dougih on floured board and mix ju5t

enough to prevent sticking to board, roll

and cut with large cup. Let rise and

bake in moderate oVen a light brown. We

like the Michigan Farmer veiy much, as

it contains much valuable information—-

NI B. C



Household Edit01.—I would like Some

of the readers of the Michigan Farmer

to tell me what causes the cream from

the separator to run thin. Since the frOSts

and wet weather my cream tests ten or

more points lower than it did last sum-

mer, and the cream Screw set just the

same as when it tested 40 m moze

have tried tightening the SCleW and low-

eIing it. but it seems to make little 01

no difference. Always put the screw

back in same position as at first. Would

the frost and wet feed make any differ-

ence? Last fall it acted just as it does

now but after awhile it was right again

Doe-s anvone else have such trouble?—

Subscriber.





SOME CLEANING mhisFoa QUIET

DAY&





 





BY ANNA RUTHERFORD.



Everyone knows how “things will ac—

cumulate, for nearly everyone has the

habit of putting away scraps. old hat and

dress trimmings, bits of lace and em-

broidery and odds and ends of almost cy-

ery kind of thing. Of courSc, they think

at the time that they will some day have

use for them. But much of the put-

away stuff one never has need for. and

the accumulation continues.



Sometimes one has need of something

she has a faint recollection of having put

away, but does not know where to find it

and will not take the trouble to search

for it. Possibly the put-away escapes her

memory altogether and she goes to the

expense of buying, whcn the ncedcd 21r-

ticle, as good, or better, than the newly

bought, is atready in hcr possession.





. Many a time has this been the case with





myself or some one of our family. We

would accidentally come across the need-

ed. and maybe forgotten article after its

place had been supplied.



Now I find a good plan is at the begin-

ning of the spring and fall seasons, during

rainy days, before the general house-

cleaning begins to have a thorough ov-

er—looking of closets, drauwei‘s, etc., and

“take inventory. as it were, of one's be-

longings, replace in order what may be

of service and discard the rubbish. Thcre

will always be plenty of this. And many

a stored-away thing that will never be of

service to the owner, would be gladly re-

ceived and made use of by some needy

person. I’oor children especially, always

appreciate bright-colored scraps, 01d fi-

nery, and often one has hidden away

many useful thin-gs that might be given

them. Hence it is positively wrong to

hoard things we do not need nor ever

will.



Old hat trimmings, such as good vel-

vot, \ribbon, feathers, etc, should be

cleaned and put by themselves, likewise

dress scraps and remnants of good lace

and embroidery. I find it convenient to

put such things away in hoxcs 11nd en-

velopes and label each. Have separate

boxes for buttons, hooks and eyes, 01d

wiiuleb‘ones. collar stays, etc., and one

for odds.



Muclh valuable time as well as temper

is often saved by keeping one‘s belong-

ings in orde1',-and as order is one of

God’s first lalWS, certainly orderliness

must be akin to godliness.





 





BOOK NOTICE.





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THE MICHIGAN' FA'RMER





 





N taking up the work where he left off

last week, Professor Hibiblard reiter-

ated the main thoughts in the ground



already covered, and said in addition



that:



Co-operatlve Companies Must Control



Memberships.



It is necessary that the orgavnizaitiOn

have control over its members to an ex-

tenlt w-here Ithe members must bind them—

selves to ”bring all their products to the

company. VViltihbu-t such an agreement,

disruption is the usual result which is

followed by failure, together with finan-

cial losses. or course, in such companies

as the telephone companies and mutual

benefit insurance concerns the member-

ships. are not regulated to any great ex—

tent but inasmuch as this is true, one

must consider that there is little co-op-

elation involved and they do compara-

tiVely 'l'itttle business as compared with a,

fruit-selling organizatiOn or a creamery.



An incident which will illustrate the

anove principle may he mentioned in a

rare arising in one of the most successful

fruit-selling cOmpanics of Wisconsin,

which had a great many members. One

community locusted back away from the

others had a very gOOd location and Were

enabled to raiSe the very first strawber-

ries» that were put on the market. Now

for the first few crates they could get a.

higher price than could be gotten by the

loo—operative association so they sold the

first crates to scalpers and then when

this outlet became unrelialble they took

their product to the organization ‘to sell.

Now this worked all right the first season

it was tried, but the following year the

presidenlt of the main company found out

that the people of this particular commu-

nity were planning on selling their pro-

duce this way and forming a smaller

«company tor themselves. So he hired a

buyer «to go into the community and take

all their early berries, but to get out of

the country before Saturday. Now all

are Iavvvare of the fact that the Saturday

market is a Very important one for he

*berry grower, for on Saturday {in espe-

cially close picking is made and the ber-

lries are gotten onto the market because

there is no shipping on Sunday. \V‘nen

this community found that their buyer

had gone, they could do nothing else but

to load up their wagons and take their

rberries to the co-operative warehouse. In

the meantime, the buyer had. paid the

growers by check and they had had these

checks cashed and the checks were then

turned over to the president of the co-

-co--operative company. There were in

his possession (when the firrm-ers drove up

with their loads of strawberries so when

he asked about 'the rberries they had

produced prior 'to these, and upon being

told that only a Ifew had ’been produced,

he had only to show them the paid

checks to show them that he knew what

they were doing. Then he formally noti-

fied them that they were suspended from

the company; that is, the company did

not agree to handle 'their products for a

year. But the company was in the habit

of buying from outsiders to a small ex-

tent and so the president bought these

berries art a very much reduced cost. Now

we can see that if the organization had

not been a strong one and the president

a very shrewd man, the whole plan

would have been overturned by the balk-

ing of these few patrons. It would seem

the-n, that a. co-operative scheme should

have its members bound by an iron-clad

agreement to bring all their produce to

be marketed through the central ware-

house. This gives the business more sta-

bility for the ddrnipany knows that it

will have something to sell at all times

and it also gives the member more secur-

ity for he knows that he can always find

a. ready market for his surplus.



A Co-operatlve Cheese Factory.



In Sh-elboytgan county, Wisconsin, there

are 103 cheese factories with 'a, yearly

output of sixteen million pounds of cheese.

All of the farmers keep Holstein cows

and keep about as many of them as their

land will support.



Conditions before Co-operation.



It will help us to judge the benefits of



oo-operative organization to see what was



their condition before and after they Were

united. Before onganization the patrons

of a creamery would meet. say once per





 





year, and hold a. sort of business meeting





. gill!!!”"Hillllillllllilllll"llllllllllllllllllllillll”"llll"”llllmllll"Hill"lll”llllim"I”mill"IIllllllllllI""Illlll|lIlllllllll""Hill!”ll”mull”II”Hum“IIlllllilllll”ill"IlIilliilllll"lllmlllllllllil"ill”!”Hing

E ' E

g1:31.11](3011111161136 5'

= , , e E

g . a

EHHHIIHIHHHHIHillillIlllillillllllIllIllilllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllillllIlllllllllliliIIIlllllilllllllllillllllllllllllillillllllllllilllllllllllillillll|IllIllllllillllllllllillllllluIllllllillllllllllllllIllIIii”lHillllllllllllllllllllfi





he Requisites of Agricultural ‘Co—operation.





 





at which they made an agreement with

a cheesemaker, often only verbal, to make

their cheese for one year at a cost of one

and a half or so cents a pound, The

cheesemanke-r owned the factory and all

the equipment. Now the peculiar thing

about the situation was that the cheese-

maker always sold the cheese, and his

books We're never audited. The patrons

merely took their milk to the tfactory and

mi return received their checks each

month, considering this their due return

from the cheese. -



Of course, there were both geod and

unscrupulous cheesemakers, but the con-

tinuation of such a practice usually proved

the downfall of the cheesemaker; that is,

he did things in time that he would not

have entertained when he first started in

the work. Since the c'heesema-ker had

agreed to give Plymouth prices for No.

A cheese and to stand good for all cheese

made that was not up to this grade, it

developed that he never sold any cheese

below No. A. The reason for this was

that if he had a lot of cheese that was

'full of pinholes, air bufbibleS, or was other-

wise of lower grade, the dealer took 110

pounds or so, (enough to make up the





same price that a. hundred pounds of No.-





A cheese would come to), and at the end

of 'the month, he would remit for a stated

number ‘of pounds of standard cheese.

The ch'eesemaker would simply apportion

the amount and write out checks [for his

patrons.



I “However, it soon. (became very noti e-

able that the c’heesemalrer antLgh ese





JAN. 3, 1914.





en‘Ou'gvh. to start the fire blazing. When

this manipulation of prices was COU’Pled

with the uanusiness-li'ke methods of the

cheesemake'rs, the milk producers were

very indignant indeed.



Organization and its Results.



Of course, all the Ifamners were inflam-

ed at. the manner in which they seemingly

had been fleeced and in a. short time they

called a meeting wt which some of the ex-

perts from the University at Madison

were present. The meeting was held in

a small opera house with a seating ca-

pacity of 7,000 and it was packed full and

more than full. It was decided to organ-

ize. The following February, 43 of the

individual creameries out of the original

103 had decided to form a federation of

unorganized cheese factories and they

thought they could be started into busi-

ness Iby April 1, with a. capital of $7,000,

which had been subscribed. When asked

what they were going to do without a.

warehouse or cold storage, the farmers

said the cold storage houses would just

as soon store their cheese as! that of the

dealers and with this they let the matter

drop. They had engaged a. competent

manager at $2,500 a year and when he

came on, the first question he asked was,

“Where are-your cold storage house and

warehouse?” When told that they had

none, he flatly refused to attempt any-

thing until these ibuildings were provided

tor, he well knew that he must keep his

cheeses for at least :1 Week, and perhaps

longer, until it could 'be sold in some dis-

tant marketS, «for the local dealers would

not hid. They would only sit by and

laugh while his cheeses were melting in

the sun if he had no cold storage. Of

course, these buildings had to 'be built

and art the meeting for this consideration

it was Very noticealble that much of the

enthusiasm formerly Shown had waned.

Fifteen thousand dollars were raised for

the construction of suitable buildings





and before they were completed it was





 





When sending products direct to consumers it pays to pack the products in





neat, attractive parcels.





Many farmers have extended their sales as far as they





are able to supply produlcts through the free advertising resulting from the use





of appropriate wrappers and packages.





 





dealer Were on very intimate terms and

that. it was the habit of the dealer to

send the chleesem'alkcr a Christmas pres-

ent each month," said Professor Hi‘bbard.

This present took the rfortm of a check

with a note merely saying: “Please find

eniclosed our check for $.....” Of course,

this money was not paid for cheese, so

patrons of the @aotory had no right to

share in it, but since they were sure that

their products made it possible lfor the

cheesemaker to have a “Merry Christ-

mas” every month in the year, they be-

came very diasati‘sfied. ‘



Another factor which contributed its

share to the discontent of the farmers was

the notion of the Plymouth Board. This

board sets the prices: on; Cheddar cheese

all through the West. Ilt is made up of

15 to 30 cheese dealers who meet each

Tuesday morning and bid on cheese, and

when they are real competitors, one can

see that their action in setting the price

of cheese wowld be quite just, but it soon

became evident that there were only two

or three bids made and these were rarely

ever raised 'by more than an eighth of a

cent or so. All the cheese is supposed to

he Sold on the board, but as a matter of

fact, only about one-tenth of the total

product was sold in this way; the other

nine-tenths was sold by the price brought

’by the one-tenith.



Now it happened one fine Mlay morning

in 11912, that the Plymouth Board met and

fixed the price of cheese for that week at

'12 cents per pound, [while the average

prices paid flor cheese for months past

had been about 15 cents a pound. There

was no reason why there Should be such

a slump in the prices paid for this pro-

duzct at that particular season of the year

and a. few moments later when a. milk

seller was walking down the street with

one of the dealers, the former casually

remarked 'to the latter: “Why didn't you





(fellows: reduce the price a little at a time





instead of reducing it so much all. at

once?” The reply was: “'I'lhat’s when; I

told the fellows.” 01' course, this was





necessary to borrow $7,000 more, making

a total of $22,000 invested. Now this

company is well under way and managed

by a competent man, it bids flair to be

one of the most successful cooperative

organizations in the field today. The

patrons are bound to bring all their milk

to the cheese factory for a. term of one

year, 'thus giving the business greater

stability. These 43 creameries have a.

total annual output of 8,000,000 pounds,

and this enahles the organization to get

customers in all the states of the union

if they so desire.



Now one of the interesting phases of

the situation is that the flarmers thought

that a. single man or grOup of men Were

fleecing them and getting all the profits

from the cheese manufactured. They

said: “We only get 13 cents a pound for

our cheese and when this same cheeSe is

.bought by the consumer, he has to pay

about 25 cents a pound for it, and we

want [the Scalp of the man who is getting

that extra. 12 cents.” Investigations were

conducted in which it developed that no

one was getting rich at the cheese busi-

ness. The d‘eallerswp-aid 12 to 15 cents a

pound for the choose, it was stored three

or four months and this cost about an

eighth of a cent a. month, the cheese was

then shipped to a commission man in Chi-

cago and he made less than. a cent a.

pound profit. In turn the product was

shipped to wholesalers who made a. profit

of something less than a cent a pound

and the retailer who finally sold the





cheese to the consumer made something'





like five cents a. pound profit, which would

not be excessive pay. for the trouble of

cutting it and handing it out in small

pieces. Also, the railroads had to be

paid for transporting the cheeses and

their rates were not excessive, so we see

that there was no single man getting any





great amount of profit when the cheese-





was sold through the regular channels of





trade under the old system at 25 cents -





a-pound. , '





it may easily be seen that under the ~





“a; ..__».f m, , I

R





.

-' mmflwfi"; mm
or





.





 





i





”W.-





was ..__ in.“ .

R





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a: , ‘:





 





 





 





 





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14P‘"“.l.“.9.9.





 

 

 





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When writingmto advertisers please

mention The Michigan Farmer.





'THE MICHIGAN, FARM'ER





above system of marketing. a higher

price can" hardly be paid for the raw pro-

duct. The benefits of co-operation must

largely accrue from the reduced cost of

marketing which leads to the statement of

ProfesstJr Hibbard that: “Co-operation

is a means toward a phase of marketing.”

The co-operative companies can reduce

the distance over which a product travels

before it reaches the market and also

reduce the number of hands through

which the product must pass.



The professor concluded his remarks by

saying that «co-operation cannot be rec-

ommended without an understanding of

the market conditiOns of the product. the

character of the people and adequate

facilities for competitiOn with other com-

panies of like interests. It is the con-

clusion of the specialist that with better

methods of marketing at least one-half

of one-third of the extra 12 cents made

on the price of retail cheese may be saved

for the producer.



This is given as an example but it is

not to be inferred that an organization in

one place and under a given set of con-

ditions can follow to the letter the meth-

ods of another organization and be sure

of success.



Ingham Co. I. Cf M.





GETTING NEXT TO THE RAILROADS.





 





What does it cost to ship a cnrload of

live stock to Buffalo, or 100 bags of clo—

verseed to Toledo? In the columns of

the Farm Commerce Department of the

Michigan Farmer for January 10, direc-

tions will appear on the most reliable

way of getting transportation information

and the value it may be in marketing

farm products.





lllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





Crop and Market N otcs.





 





Michigan.





Livingston Co., Dec. 19.——-The weather

is certainly fine and farmers are improv-

ing it by cleaning up their yards, cutting

brush and getting up their summer's

wood supply. There has been consider-

able fall plowing done. Nearly all of

the corn crop is secured. Stalks in very

poor condition, owing to the continued

wet weather this fall. More silos will go

up next year because the fodder was so

badly damaged this fall. Not much grain

going to market. An unusually large

number of light hogs have been mar-

keted this fall. The open winter has

been a. boon to farmers with little feed

as,,_sheep can even at this date pick

quite a. large part of their living.



Cass Co., Dec. 10.—Back in November

we had one of the worst storms experi-

enced in years, about ten inches of snow

falling. It has since gone off and the

fields have dried up so that the farmers

could start plowing on the 18th and the

weather continued fine until the 7th of

December, by which time the plowing

was well along, many of the farmers hav-

ing all their spring breaking done. They

are now busy hauling stove wood, which

is bringing $6 a. cord. The potato mar-

ket is down and the demand is light.

Hay is quoted at $13.50@15 per ton. Oats

55c; wheat 850; We 65c.



Southern Hillsdale Co., Dec. k—Farm-

ers have had a. satisfactory year. Crops

have averaged good and are bringing good

prices. The dry season cut the hay and

corn crops short but there is plenty of

buy to feed and some to sell, and a. great

deal more com than was expected. Quo-

tations: butter 25(ul35c; eggs 35c; milk

$1.90 per c-wt; hay $106b12; hogs 761‘7l/m

chickens Mimic; milch cows are selling

according to what they will produce the

most common at from $40@50. and good

grades which are known to be good pro-

ducers from 38063150. Very few calves

being raised except heifers from good,

stock. .



NEW Jersey.



'Morris Co.—VVeath~er very warm. Crops

for 1913 have not come up to the aver-

age 0f former years. Corn was poor, in

fact. half a crop. Wheat was fair crop,

as well as rye. Hay crop was short.





Prices: Corn 80c per bu; hay $156320;

rye 650 bu; wheat; 900; butter 35c; eggs

50c; middlings $30; bmn $28; cob meal





$20 per cwt; farmers are not selling any





grain. liTost farmers are buying feed.

Pennsylvania.

Perry Co., Dec. 16.—W’e cannot say





that the year 1913 was a successful year





in this locality. The farmers are now

selling some fat hogs at 110 per lb,

dresSed; sheep $4.50 per head; turkeys





190; chickens 11c; eggs 300. \Veather has

been like April. Plowing is about one-

f‘outh done for spring crops. Many farm-

ers of this locality are selling chestnut

W'00d from their woodlots at $3.50 per

cord. The wood is uSed for making a.

tanning extract. Millers here are having

trouble to get wheat as the farmers are

feeding the grain to their hogs.

New York.



Chautauqua Co., Dec. 18.—-—We have had

fine weather recently and the roads are

in such good shape that the dust is fly-

ing. Most of the farmers here are trim-

ming their grape vines, that work being

about one—quarter done at 'tl’llS date. The

wood of the vines has ripened well and is

much more plentiful than in 1912. At a.

recent meeting of the Chautauqua. and

Lake Erie fruit growers’ association it

was estimated that there were 6.300





 





acres of grapes in this locality that





ought to be dug out.

very many acres of new vineyards

set laSt spring, but the indications now

are that there will be a considerable

number of acres set in 1914. Growers

are holding meetings trying to get a fixed

price set for the 1914 crop. Prices for

farm products are: Corn $1.55 per cw't;

wheat $1.05 per bu: potatoes 80c; apples





There Were not





90c; eggs 400; butter 36@37c: hogs 100.

dresFed; veal 15c; chickens 124mm; tur-

keys 22C. The price for good milch cows





is out of reach. The mild weather has

saved on the feed bills.

Ohio.



Logan Co.—We have been having fine

open weather for the greater part of this

month‘. Most of the corn is husked; lots

of plowing being done. Wheat and rye

are looking fine. Hogs are being mar-

keted pretty freely now, clearing out

ready for winter. Not very many lambs

being sold just now; seems to be a lull

between grassers and corn-fed lambs.

Horse buyers beginning to get busy. Good

drafters bringing good money, $200flr300.

Prices are about as followsz Butter-fat

36c; eggs 300; hogs 7c; lambs $6@7 per

cwt; fa-t cattle $661370; hay $10@12.



Homer Co., Dec. 23.—Nice winter

Weather is now prevailing. Fall work is

unusually well along. there being no

snow. Most stoek is out on pasture yet.

\Vheat looks] fine. being fully 100 per cent

of a normal. The grain is selling here

at 95c per bu. Hay was but 75 per cent

of a normal crop and most of the crop

remains in the hands of farmers. Aver-

age grade is being sOld at $10 per ton.

Cloverseed was a good crop in this 10-

cality and the seed is being sold at SR

per bu. Corn was about 93 per cent of

a crop and is being sold now at 65c per

bu. Stock is not very plentiful and the

prices rule high. Cows are especially

scarce. Farmers had a good year. but

we do not see many of the city peop‘e

coming back to the country to lower the

COSt of living.



Greene Co.—T‘he past season has been

generally successful to most of the farm-

ers in this county. Hog cholera and a

short corn crop caused some losses to

the farmers. At the present time corn

is moat all husked and is selling at the

elevators at 600 per bu. \Vheat looks

well and because of the warm damp

weather of the past month it secms to be

growing away from the Hessian fly. Some

wheat is. being marketed at 930 per bu.

Cloversced is selling at from SEW/77.50 per

bu., according to grade. Some hogs are

still on feed and they are quoted at $7.25

per cwt. “'e shall have a local county

agent here next year, the preliminary 0r-

ganization now bcing effected.



Ashtabuia Co., Dec. 16.—Fine weather

prevails We have seen buttercups and

strawberries in blossom, something un-

ll-“u'dl for this time of the year. Every-

thing indicutcs a white Christmas. Farm

work about donc: farmer‘s getting up

wood and getting ready to sit by the

fire. VVithal this has been a prosperous

year for the farmers in this section. Not-

withFItanding the droutrh. the crops have

yielded plentifully. and the prices have

been fair. Surely we have no reason to

complain of the high cost of living and

the price of coal, and no dOubt the fol—

lowing ycar we shall see many miles of

macadamized market roads built in this

section. We are all Well satisfied, so let

“Riley” worry.



Carrol Co., Dec. 15,—The year of 1913

was not a very successful your for the

farmers down here. The hay crop was

very short. Farmers are about done

husking corn. Much of the, corn on the

bottom lands got frosted, hence thcrc is

lots of soft corn. Farmers have not much

of anything to Sell now. There has been

but little snow. Eggs 24c; butter 26c.



Shelby Co., Dec. 15.—Have had very

nice fall weather. Some fall piowing

was done. The bulk of hogs sold off on

uccount of cholera. SOme cattle fed.

few sold at present. Corn all husked.

few are cutting fodder. As the past sum-

mer has. been a fair seaFOn, the people

have hud a medium crop all through. Lots

of public sales. some land is changing

hands. Butchering is the present work.

Hogs 7@7%c; wheat 92c; oats 37c: corn

800 per cwt: chickens 9c; turkeys 1414c:

geese 9c; eggs 32c; butter 29c; cloverseed

$7@7.50.



Indiana.



'Jay Co.—VVea.ther conditions are ex-

cellent. Many think.it too warm for

wheat and expect it to die upon real win,-

ter Weather appearing. Much fall plow-

ing done, 100 per cent more than formcr

ycul's. duc probably to institute work in

the townships. Roads are full of autos

and boys and girls are expecting Santa

vial automobile this year. Not much

movement of grain to market. Slime hay

at $11: wheat 950; corn 7.70; outs 360;

eggs 30C; butter 22c; lard 120; potatoes

$1; hogs $7.25; cows $200185; sheep 2(1)

31/40; coal retailing from $4637.50. Mer-

chanvts are elated over trade prespects.



Allen Co., Dec. 18.—The farmers who

raised onions this year were fortunate.

The dealers are offering $1 per bushel

for them, and the farmers are reaping a

harvest. Potatoes and other vegetables

are plentiful, and the prices will hold

unchanged it is believed. Grain prices

remain firm. Millers are. offering for

wheat 950; Oats 38@500: corn 50@560.

Poultry prices remain firm. The farmers

are looking for better poultry prices be-

fore the holidays. Turkeys are now

bringing 18@19c per 1b, wholesale; chick-

ens 12c.



Laporte 00., Dec. 20.——~It has been fair

and pleasant all the week past. Corn

shredders have been running but up till

a week ago the fodder was damp and

the corn not very dry. Wheat is grow-

ing fine but is tender. The weather has

been mild, but much fog and mist pre-

vails. The conditions of the farming

business here is much better than usual.

small farmers seem to he in a more ad-

vantageous position than the large farm.





(Continued on page 18). ,





 





 





 





STEEL Shingles

or Wood???





Will you buy wood shingles, which





 





 





 





 





burn and rot, or Edwards Steel



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Will you buy wood shingles at a big price

from a retail dealer, or Edwards Steel Shin-

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The time to decide is now—before you

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Edwards Steel Shingles





Factory Prlcaa—Frelght Paid





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Send Coupon Below





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THE EDWARDS MFG. CO.

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Name





 





Address





LET US TAN ‘

YOUR HIDE.





Cattle or Horse hidc. Calf, Dog, Deer

or any kind of skin with hair or i'ur on.

We tan and "Mali them right: mnke

them into coats (for [MPH and women).

roln-s,rugs or gloves when ordered.



Your fur goods will cost you less than

to buy them, and be Worth more. Our

Illustrated catalog gives a. lot of in-

formation which every stock raiser

should have. but we never semi out this

valuable book except upon request.



.It tells how to take off and care for

hides: how and when we pay the lrelghi '

both ways :about our safe dyeing pro-

cess which is a. tremendous advantage

to the customer. especially on horse

hides and call skins; about the fur

goods and game trophies we sell. taxi-

dermy. «to. If you want a. copy send us

your correct address. ’

The Crosby Frisian Fur Company.



671 Lyell Ave. Rochester. N. Y.





 





- ln‘.--I-.II‘“‘“-q





 





 

 

 

 

 

   





 





 





Cuts from

both sides of

'limb and does

not b r u i so

the bark. ‘



We pay Bx»

press charges

on all orders.

. Write for

' circular and





RHODES IFC. C0. prices.

l 615 S. Division Avenue. GRAND RAPIDS, HIGH.





Alfalfa Book

of the alfalfa district -FREE

and are the lagesst handlers of





alfalfa in the , We sell best grade

seed‘at low price. Ask for Free Alfalfa Book-

let/3 .t gives complete instructions how to grow

Alfalfa to insure enormous profits





Also big catalog of all Garden and Field 8 ed Free.

nuswold 800d Co. 253‘s... 10th st. LI 9 8 N





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QUALITY TELLS





BEST STEEL MILL.





STRONGEgT STEEL TOWER. N0

long swig ere. Send for Cats.-

logue an prices of our





POWERAND PUMPING MILLS





°HELPS & BIGELO

Kmmux‘fll’ig. MILL 00..





ICE, FLOWS





6 sizes. prices $10.72 to 816.”

every plow warranted. Sent





RHODES DOUBLE OUT

trauma sums: . '





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We are

in the center





 





 





 





 





 





 





on trial. Also tools. Catalog

WI. [1. PRAY. Verbs-k, I. I.
18—18





.llllllllllllllIllllllllHllllllllllllIllllHIlHillllillHllllI”HlHillllllllllllllllllIlHHHlllllillllllllllllllllhfil





Markets. ..





=ii"illIlllllIllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIllllllllllllllllIIHillllllllill“IllllllllllIlllllllllHllllIlllIlE

GRAINS AND SEEDS.





December 30, 1913.



Wheat.—The usual holiday dullness

now characterizes the grain trade.

Farmers are delivering wheat in limited

amounts, but just now there is no buy-

ing pressure and consequently prices

range from steady to lower. Millers be-

lieve that a better demand for flour will

rule in the‘ near future which will im-

prove the outlet for cash wheat. While

favorable Weather is reported in Aus-

tralia, Argentine and India, news con-

firms the former estimates of shortages,

especially from South America. The bulls

do not seem to be discouraged by the de-

pression and there is confidence that a

stronger trade will prevail before the

winter is over. One year ago the price

of No. 2 red wheat here was 31.11% per

bu. Quotations for the past week are:



1





lllllllllllllllfill





E

E





 





 





No. 2 No.

Red. White. Dec. May.

Wednesday . . ”981,9 98 98% 1.03 9.1

Thursday ......

Friday . . . . . 981/1, 97%, 9814 1.0314

Saturday . . . . 9 97% 98 1 03





. 8 .



Monday .......981/, 97% 9314 1.0314

Tuesday .......98%, 97%, 9814 1031/;



Chicago, (Dec. 30).-—No. 2 red wheat,

9594c; Dec., 8894c; May, 901/20 per bu.



Corn.-—-There is confusion in the news

0f the corn situation. On Monday the

Chicago market was up 20 and closed

strong, While the Detroit trade was near-1

1y 2c lower. The trend of these two

markets in opp0site direction-s is partially

explained by the heavy receipts at De-

troit and the restricted supplies arriving

in Chicago. Much corn is said to be

damaged by the fall rains. Argentine re-

ports good prospects for its growing

crop. Visilble supply increased 3,307,000

bu. One year ago price for N0. 2 corn

was 480 per bu. Detroit quotations for

past week are:





No. 2 No. 2



Mixed. Yellow.

Wednesday . ............. 66 68

Thursday . . . ............. . . . .

Friday . . . . . .............. 651/2 67%

Saturday . ................ 651/2 67%,.

Monday ...... 64 66

Tuesday . . ......... 64 66





Chicago, (Dec. 30).—No. 2 corn, 69@

6934c; Dec., 69%0; May, 6814c per bu.



Oats.—-This grain 'has foliowed the

course of corn and wheat. Prices are

down a cent. There is a fair demand and





- moderate offerings. Visible supply shows





small increase. One year ago the price

for standard oats was 35140 per bu. De-

troit quotations for past week are:





No. 8



Standard. White.



, Wednesday . . . . . .......... 42 41%



Thursday ........... .. _

Friday .............. 411A» 41

Saturday ................. 411/2 41



Monday .................. 41 401,4;



Tuesday ................. 41 40%





Chicago, (Dec. 30).—No. 3 white oats,

390; Dec., 38%c; May, 405/30 per bu.



Beans.—Although thedemand for beans

continues slow, there has been some im-

provement the paSt week and prices 'here

are 5c higher. The local board of trade

quotes immediate and December ship-

ments at $1.80; January $1.85 per bu.

Chicago reports a small trad-e. Pea

beans, hand—picked, choice, are lower at

$1.90@1.95; common $1.60@vl.75; red kid-

neys, choice, higher at $2.821/3@2.85 per

bushel.



Rye.—This cereal rules steady. No. 2

is quoted at 670 per bu.



Barley.——At Chicago barley is quoted at

5079700 per bu., while Milwaukee quotes

the malting grades at from 54@75c.



Cloverseed.—A brisk demand for seed

holds prices on a firm basis. \Vhiie there

was a good crop, it is estimated that

over 40 per cent of it was ruined by the

rains. Prime spot is'quoted at Detroit

at $9.35 per bu; March, $9.45. Prime al-

sike steady at $11.25 per bu. At Toledo

December is quoted at $9.40 and prime

alsike at $11.05.





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





FIour.-Jobbing lots in 1/8 paper sacks

are selling on the Detroit market per 196

lbs. as follows: Best patent, $5.30; sec-

ond, $4.80; straight, $4.50; spring patent,

$5.15; rye flour, $4.60 per bbl.



Feed.—~In 100-lb. sacks. jobbing lots:

Bran, $22; coarse middlings, $27; fine

middlings, $27; cracked corn, $31; coarse

corn meal $30; corn and oat chop $25.50

per ton.



Hay.—All grades are steady. .Prices:

Carlots on the track at‘Detroit are: No.

'1 timothy, $1.5@]6; standard $146015; N0.

3, $126914; light mixed 3514601450; N0. 1

mixed $13@l3.50.





New Yorkvliay market dull. No. 1

timothY. 32050692150; No. 3, $156920;





clover, $1760.18 per ton for large bales.



Chicago—Lower. Choice timothy is

quoted at $17.5.06018.50 per ton; No. 1,

$15631650; No. 2, $136914.



Straw.—All grades rule steady. Rye

$86179; oat straw $7.50@8; wheat straw

$76178 per ton.



Chicago.»-Quotable as follows: Rye,

$7697.50; oat $7@7.50; wheat $6.50@7.



New York—Rye straw, $17@18 per ton;

oat straw, $12. '





DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





Butter.—The local market continues

firm for better grades which are scarce.

Prices on better grades are higher but on

common stuff it remains the same. Quo-

tations are: Extra creamery 35c per lb;

firsts 32c; dairy 21c; packing stock 18¢

per 1b. ‘ » '



Chicago—There is no change in the

butter market. The trade is quiet and





 





 





 





 





THE MICHIG





it is exceedingly hard -to get rid of the

poorer grades which are held for most

any kind of a bid. The prices are un—

changed. Quotations are:' Extra cream-

ery 36c; extra firsts 34@34%c; firsts 26@

300; seconds 22c; ladies 20@21c; packing

stock 12@20-c per lb., according to qual-





‘ity.





Elgin.——~Mar-ket firm at 35%,;c per lb.

This advance is due to a change in the

grading of butter here.



New York—Market remains firm with

prices albout ];éC higher. Quotations are:

Creamery extras 36l,é@371/2c; firsts 28@

341/20; seconds 24@27c; packing stock 19

@191/2c as to quality.



Eggs.——The IOcal egg market is steady

with prices 11/20 higher than last Week.

Current receipts of fresh stock is quot-

able at 32%c per dozen.



Chicago—There is a more Spirited

trading in the market this week. This

is due to the diminishing supply in Stor-

age and limited receipts of fresh stock.

Consumers do not take kindly to the

higher prices the traders find it necessary

to ask. Refrigerator stock has advanced

considerably in price, in other lines the

advance is slight. Quotation-i: Miscel-

laneous lots, cases included 27@32c, ac-

cording to quality; ordinary firsts 30@

301/2c; firsts 32%c; refrigerator stock is

steady at 30@301/2c for April firsts.



New York—The egg market is firm,

with prices about 3c higher than last

Week. Quotations: Fresh gathered ex—

tras 38%@39c; extra firsts 37@380; firsts

36@36%c per dozen.



Poultry.—There is a good demand for

chickens. but turkeys, ducks and geese

have declined in price. The general tone

of the market is firm. Quotations: Live.

—-SpringS, 15@151,éc; hens 14@141/zc; tur-

keys 20@21c; geese 14@15c; ducks 16@

17c.





Chicago—There has been a consider-

able decline in prices after Christmas on

all kinds of poultry. The supply is lib-

eral. However, the demand is expected

to improve and good trade is looked for.

Quotations on live are: Turkeys, good

weights, 18c; otherstc; fowls, choice

15%c; spring chickens 14c; geese 11@14c;.

according to quality; ducks, choice 141/2

@1150.





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





 





Apples.

change. Market active. Quotation-Fl:

No. 1, $4@4.50; No. 2, $2.25@3.50 pe'r bbl.

At Chicago there has been little improve-





 





AN FARM-ER“





the close everything Was sold and the

market closed steady: The weather here

being crispy it made the demand better.

than last Monday, and we think, if re-

ceipts are not too heavy in the near fu-

ture, our cattle market will now steady

up and We will have better demand and

strong prices from this time on. No

eastern buyers here for milch cows or

springers; market very slow on this kind.



Our hog trade was actiVe and higher

'On all grades today, owing to light re-

ceipts here and at all other points. Early

sales of everything, outside of pigs and

roughs, were at $8.30, and a’few handy

weight yor‘kers at $8.35; general run of

pigs and lights around $8.40. Roughs

$7.25@7.50; stags $6@6.50. Closing trade

was strong and looks like will have a

gOOd market the balance of the week.



The market was active today on handy

lambs and sheep, but dull on heavy

lambs. Prices quarter higher on handy

lambs than the close of last week.

Choice handy lambs selling m05tly from

$8.40@8.50. 'Heavy lambs continue very

dull, selling mostly at $7.25. We look for

510w trade on heavy lambs all the sea-

son. Most of the orders calling for

lambs weighing from 75 to-80 lbs. Look

for abOut steady prices on sheep and

shade lower on lamb; last of‘week, un-

less we have light receipts.



We quote; Choice lambs, $8.40@8.5_0;

heavy do, $7@7.25; cull to fair do, $5.50@

8; yearlings, ’$6@7.25; bucks, $3.50@3.75;

handy ewes, $4.75@5; heaVy ewes, $4.50@

4.75; wethers, $5.25@5.50; cull sheep, $3.50

@4; veals, choice to extra, $12@1'2.50;

fair to good, $10@11.75; heavy calves,

$5.50@8. ‘



There will be no market here on Thurs-

day, New Year's Day, and all stock re-

ceived will be cared for as usual.





 





Chicago.



December 29, 1913.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Receipts today ..... 22,000 35,000 22,000

Same day last year..21,124 41,761 30,019

Receipts last ‘week..30,542 120,103 73,311

Same week last year.24,516' 102.890 74.609

Hogs open this week 10@15c higher,

with a moderate Monday run and a brisk

general demand, the eastern shippers be-

ing good customers, after their purchases

of 30,376 hogs last week, these being





Prices are firm and without larger than those made during the pre-





v10us week. or the same Week last year.

Today’s sales took place at $7.60@8.15.

Hogs marketed last week averaged in





ment in the market. The demand 131a,. weight 208 lbs., comparing with 215 lbs.





from actiVe and supply liberal.

weather makes it easy to get storage

stock out. There is no change in prices.

Values for country packed range from

$3.50@5.50 per bbl. No. 1 Jonathan’s are

selling best; Spies are $3.75@4.25; Bald-

wins are $4@4.25.



Potatoes.—The local market is steady,

with slight increase in price.

fair. Quotations:

'bu; in sacks 70@75c per bu. for carlots.





Open a Week earlier, 219 lbs. one year ago, 212





lbs. tw0 years ago, 224 lbs. three years

ago and 214 lbs. four years ago. Cattle

are selling briskly at strong prices, the

run being small for a Monday. Sheep and

lambs are in moderate supply and in

strong demand. the choicer class being

10@15c or more higher, with a large per-





Demand is centage cf the offerings comprising half-

In bulk 65@70c per fat lambs from Iowa and Michigan. Prime





lambs brought $8.35, and' some fat heavy





At Chicago prices are better, having ewes 501d at $525»





made an advance of 5c and over. Demand

is moderate and is in excess of supply

available. Michigan stock is held at 63

@700.



Cabbage.——Steady at prices about 250

higher than last week. Good quality is

quoted at $2.25@2.50 per bbl. The de-

mand is fair at Chicago with steady

prices. Prices are unchanged. Quota—

tions rule at $1.75@1.85 per bbl. for Hol-

land, and $2602.50 for red.



Onions—On the local market prices are

steady. Quoted at $1.15 per bu. for ye1~

low and $1.40 per crate for Spanish. _At

(‘hicago domestic stock is meeting with

fair sale. Sacks 65@70 lbs., Michigan

grown, sell at $1.40@1.50.





 





PRICES ON DETROIT EASTERN

MARKET. .





 





There was a good market Tuesday

morning. Offerings were in fair supply

and buyers’ demands kept values on a

satisfactory basis. A better class of ap-

ples is now coming in and the average

values rule higher, the majority of the

sales being c10sed at prices ranging from

$1.25(wl.60. Cabbage is firm at 60@70c;

potatoes easy at 75c; carrots 650; onions

$1.25@1.40; eggs 45c. Poultry was in fair

supply and sold at good values; chickens,

alive 1679ch; geese. alive $2.25@2.60

apiece; turkeys, dressed 26fl29c; ducks,

dressed 220. Celery of fair quality, 50c

per large bunch. Loose hay is slow at

$166118 per ton.





GRAND RAPIDS.





 





 





December was a dull month for pota-

toes up to Christmas and since then

there has been a better inquiry from out-

side. LOcal dealers are paying 40c at

stations north of Cadillac and 450 at

Cadillac and stations south. The future

situation is not very encouraging in view

of foreign importations and with large

dealers letting go of their stock at this

time, as some of them are known to be

doing. the outlook for $1 potatoes is not

prOmising. The bean market‘is also in

the dumps, records showing a decline of

35c in prices since the market opened in

the fall. White pea beans are worth

around $1.60 now. DreSSed hogs are

bringing 9@91/20; live chickens 91/260101éc.

Fresh eggs are worth 2969310.





 





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





Buffalo.

December 29. 1913.

(Special Report of Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, New York).

Receipts of stock here today as fol-

lows: Cattle, 110 cars; hogs, 90 double

decks; sheep and lambs, 65 double decks;

calves, 600 head.

,With only 110 cars of cattle on our

market here today, and Chicago report-

ing 22,000, our market was slow, but the

prices were advanced from 15@25c per





cw-t. on all good quality fat stuff. At





Last week was broken by the Christ-

.mas :holiday, no business being carried on

in the stock yards, and as poultry largely

takes the place of beef and mu'tton at

that time, country shippers shipped in

cattle sparingly, fearing glutted markets

and slumps in prices. But, as so often

happens, they overdid it, and meagre runs

of cattle resulted in a good advance in

values for the greater part of the offer~

ings. A good part of the beef steers

went at $7.65@8.90, the commoner light-

weight, short—fed lots bringing $6.60@7.75

and the better class of heavy long-fed

cattle fetching $8.65@9.25', with the best

yearlings taken at $9@9.30. Two excep-

tional sales took place, including 28 fat

1,350-lb. steers at $9.50 and 18 fanicy

1,207-l'b. Angus yearlings at $9.60, such

offerings fail-ing to show up most of the

time. Pretty good steers of heavy weigh-t

sold at $8.30@8.60, and a medium class of

steers sold, at $7.80@8.25. Butchering

lots of cows and heifers had a good out-

let at $4.75@8.50, few choice lots being



- offered, While canners went at $3.25@4.10,

cutters at $4.15@4.70 and bulls at $4.75@

7.60. Calves sOld brisk'Iy when desirable

in quality, the better class of light veal-

.ers bringing $10@11 and common to good

heavy weights $5@8.50. The trade in

stockers and feeders fell off materially,

with prices averaging higher for good

cat-tie of this class. Stockers Went at $5

@725 and feeders at $6607.50 for inferior

to prime lots, while stock and feeding

cows and heifers brought $4.50@6.50.

Miich cows had a small demand at lower

average prices, sales ranging at $55@85

per head. The prospects for the market

for fat cattle appear bright, but it is

known that stockmen have large numbers

of warmed-up cattle they intend to ship

in during the next few weeks, and these

[promise to go at relatively low values.

The week’s general advance in cattle av-

eraged 15641250.



Hogs were marketed last Week in

greatly reduced numbers, as was expect-

ed during the holidays, and prices under-

WEnt sharp advances, With a good de-

mand, especially for the choicer consign-

menlts. As uSual, the small percentage

of nice heavy weights resulted in their

selling at a good premium. while the bet-

ter class of light-weights had to go at a

discount, although the difference in values

was smaller than some weeks ago. In

fact, the extreme spread in prices for

’liogs is greatly narrowed as compared

with tihe summer season, and a spreading

out again is not expected, at least in the

near future. The bane of the market is

the persistence of stockme‘n in shipping

in stock prematurely in. order to avoid

'feedinglunusually high-priced corn dur-

ing the winter season. For the present

winter! packing season the western mar-

kets haVe received so far much larger



supplies of hogs than for the correspond-

ing period last year. and it does not re-

quire great foresight to look ahead and

see that the future marketing of





hogs Will fall off correspondingly and

force higher- prices for well matured

hogs. The consumption" of fresh and our-





. permit.





‘ 1

JAN. 3, 1914. ’





ed hog products continues large. T-hel

Week cldsed with hogs selling at $7.50@8,,‘

compared with $7.35@7.75"a week earlier,=

while pigs cIOSed at $6@7.50, bhrowout

packing sows at $7.20@7.60, stage at $8@

8.25 and‘boars at $2@3.‘~50. The best light

‘hogs brought $7.85.



Sheep and lambs joined the procession

last week, advancing sharply along with





cattle and hogs became of the greatly ,





reduced receipts from all feeding districts.

Fat handy lambs led off in activity‘and

in tihe upward movement, selling at the

highest figures recorded in a. long time,

but fat yearlings and sheep also moved

up sharply, with an excellent demand.

Feeders sold freely when any wore to be

had, most of these flocks consiSting of

warmed~up lots from near-by feeding

districts. Recent returns on Well finished

live muttons have well repaid their own-

ers, and it seems a. great mistake for'

clheepmen to keep on returning so many

half-fat flocks to market, thereby cheat-

ing themselves out of good profits. Most

of the feeders offered consist of lambs.

Prime lambs sold up to $8.35, the highest

price reached since July, and fed western

ewes advanced to $5.25 for the best, the

highest price touched since in a long

time, while prime wethers were the high-

est since June. A reaction left prices 'at'

the week’s close as follows: Lambs, $5.75

@825; feeding lambs, $6.35@7.10; year-

lings, $5.75@7; wethers, $5.25@6; ewes

$3.50@5.25; bucks, $3.50@4.





 





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





 





(Continued from page 17).

ers- since they have no labor expense to

take margin of profit.

Illinois.



La Salle 00., Dec. 23.——We had a snow—

fall last night abiut four inches deep.

Some sleighs are out today, but going is

not very good. The snow should be fine

for the Wheat and if it stays on should

prove a blanket of protection against se-

vere cold that might come and which

would be injurious to the wheat if bare.

Fruit buds are not hurt. There should

be a good crop next sea-son. -



lowa.



Osceola Co., Dec. 20.—In general 1913

has been a pretty good season. True

enough, farmers lost mostly all their hogs

and small grain crops were not as good

as in former years, but the corn crop

made up for it by its large yield, 40 to

60 bushels per acre, and good prices

about 55c now; has been as high as 63c,

and about one-quarter of it is marketed.

Oats 320; barlery 500; wheat 75c; potatoes

75c; eggs 24c; butter-fat 300; chickens

10c. Public sales become quite frequent

nowadays, and cattle and hogs being ex-

ceptionally good prices, especianlly hogs

that have been doulble vaccinated. At

one sale gilts brougiht 22c per lb. Horses

do not bring the prices that they will to-

ward spring. Machinery can be bought

cheap.



Missouri. '



Vernon 00., Dec. 19.—We are having

a. beautiful winter here thus far, with a.

good deal of cloudy weather and some

rainfall. The wheat is in fine Shape and

making splendid winter pasture for flhe

stock. Corn is 75@80c per bu; oats 50

@550; hay $12@.15; eggs 28c; butter 26c;

calt'tlle $5@6; hogs $6.50@7; sheep $5.



Kansas.



Smith 00., Dec. 19. It commenced to

lrain Thanksgiving eve, and continued

cloudry with rain until Dec. 6, the amount

lfalling being about 5.5 inches. This is

tihe longest rainy season known for a

long time. Winter Wheat now looks the

best in years.’ Weather is still warm and

it is now raining again. Some Wheat is

being sold at 750 per bu. This year has

been hard on those who did not plant

wheat and who sold off their surplus corn

of last season, but most have enough

corn left over with a little to sell. Land

to rent is scarce. Fat steers are $8.25@

8.50; hogs $6.75@7.



Finney Co.—~The year 1913 has been a

poor crop year, but a fine year for stock

raisers;~ cattle are still on the pastures.

Have had very little snow. Alfalfa hay

selling at $13 per ton; prairie hay $10@

12; hogs 7c; butter 300; eggs 40c; wheat

85c; turkeys 120; most all the grain has

been sold. Wi’icat fields are 100king fine

and green as we have had a wet fall;

haVe had no zero wealther.





Nebraska.





Pierce Co.—Crops were not of the best

in this county the past season, weather

being too dry. Farmers are» conServative

about selling themselves short of feed.

W'hemt is raised but little here and selling

at 85c; oats a small crop and selling at,

38c; cOrn also p00r and quoted at 60c;

butter 300; cream 260; what hogs have

not been taken by the cholera are going

at $7 per cwt; cattle $8, and but few

being sold.





 





Colorado.





South Weld 00., Dec. 15—November

weather was fine for the farmers to fin-

ish harvesting their sugar beets, also fOI'

plowiing and planting fall grain. Rye and

wheat both got a good start. December

began with a snow and snowed m0st of

the first five days, 45.7 inches falling,

blocking roads and fields. The ground was

not frozen and the farmers are feeling

pretty good for the prospects for another

year’s crop; soil and lakes will have

plenty of water. The mail carriers have

not been on their regular routes since

Dec. 3. The year 1913 was a. very good

one for the farmers here, althOug‘h prices

are fixed by the factories. The yield was

larger than for several years. Factories

pay for tomatoes $12 per ton; for green

beans $1.75 per cwt: sugar beets, by the

test, $5@6.75 per ton; cucumbers $1.10

'per cwt; peas $42 per ton: cabbage 30c@

$2.50 per cwt. Local :marget: Eggs 400;

butter 350; butter—fat 400. Everything

sold here now “but the 1A, sugar beets

which the farmers had to silo and which

will be delivered as soon as roads will
a5





" “5*"‘*’"“5~3“« 1545‘“? flairfsrfibhw





 





., r pwsaéiiécm'e, gram-H





-:. my}.





‘7‘ Jinx»; W,“ s ..





.11"





\





 





-





‘do av 843 at $7.65,





JAN. 3. 1914.





THIS Is THE LAST EDITION.





 





In .the first edition the Detroit Live

Stock Markets are reports of last week;

all other markets are right up to date.

Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock markets

are given in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday. the last edi-

tion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the





THE MICHIGAN FARM‘ER





Haley & M. sold Costello 39 lambs av

70 at $7; to LeVy 31 sheep av 125 at $4.50;

to Nagle P. Co. 289 lambs av 75 at $8;





to Parker, W. & Co. 163 do av 70 at,

$7.90; to Nagle P. Co. 42 sheep av 95 at

$4.25, 30 lambs av 85 at $7.50, 9 do av

105 at $7.75, 30 do av 65 at $7.50, 24 sheep

av 100 at $4.50.



Bennett & S. sold Sullivan P. Co. 28

lambs av 81 at $8.



Bigelow sold same 49 lambs av 70 at





paper early-than they do for Thursday's $7 80





Detroit Live Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that effect.





 





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETC. .





Thursday's Market.





Janary 1, 1914.



. Cattle.



Receipts, 1366. Market steady atiWed-

nesday and last week's prices. 1



We quote: BeSt steers and heiers, $8@

8.25; steers and heifers, 1000 to 1200, $7.25

@7.75; do 800 to 1000, $6.50@7; do that

are fat, 500 to 700, $6@6.50; choice fat

cows, $6@6.25: good do, $5.25@5.75; com-

mon cows, $4.50@5; canners, $3@4.25;

choice heaVy bulls, $6.50@7; fair to good





bolognas, bulls, $6@6.25; stock bulls,

$5;25@5.75; choice feeding steers, 800 to

1000, $6.75@7.25; fair do, 800 to 1000.





$6@6.60; choice stockers, 500 to 700, $662

$6.50; fair do, 8500 to 700, $5.50@6; stock

heifers, $5@5.75; milkers, large, young,

medium age, $70@90; common milkers,

$40@55.



Bishop. B. & H. so‘d Sullivan P. Co.

3 cowa av 1033 at $5. 3 heifers av 790 at

$6, 3 steers av 823 at $7. 2 do av 1275 at

$8, 4 do av 887 at $7.30, 1 cow wgh 1030

at $5.25, 4 do av 990 at $5.50; to Ratt-

kowuky 5 do av 982 at $5, 2 do av 1150

at $6; to Newton B. Co. 6 steers av 1000

at $7.50, 6 COWS av 1050 at $5.90. 2 do av

990 at $4. 18 butchers av 880 at $7.40, 5

do av 766 at $6.75, 5 do av 995 at $5.75.

2 heifers av 760 at $4.75. 1 cow wgh 750

at $4: to Kull 10 steers av 1026 at $7.85.

6 cows av 986 at $4.25. 8 butchers av 996

at $6.25; to Sullivan P. Co. 6 cows av 983

at $5.50, 6 do av 853 at $4.25, 5 cows and

bulls av 1012 at $6.10. 3 cows av 903 at

$4.25, 5 steers av 994 at $7.50. 7 cows av

1100 at $5.75, 2 do uv 815 at $7, 8 do av

780 at $6, 1 bull wgh 1180 at $6.25, 4 can-

ners av 812 at $3.75, 8 butchers av 1018

at $6.25, 4 do av 1005 at $7.60, ‘7 do av

936 at $7.50, 4 cows av 992 at $5. 3 steers

av 1073 at $7.50, 9 butchers av 1118 at

$6.25; to Mich. B. CO. 7 cows av 911 at

$5.75, 2 heifers av 650 at $4; to Kull 1

bull wgh 1700 at $7.



Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 1 cow

wgh 840 at $3.50, 1 do wgh 830 at $4, 8

do av 1040 at $5.25; to Applebaum 12

butchers av 360 at $6. 1 cow wgh 1030

at $5.25; to Kamman B. Co. 10 butchers

av 751 at $6.65, 1 heifer wgh 640 at $6.50;

to Kull 2 steers av 860 at $6.40; to Ratt-

kowsky 2 cows av 990 at $5.65; to Goose

8 cows av 1056 at $5.35; to Mich. B. Co.

3 heifers av 783 at $6.25, 4 cows av 947 at

$5.35, 1 do wgh 1080 at $6.50, 5 butchers

av 810 at $6.90, 1 buil wgh 1780 at $6.50;

to Kamman B. Co. 8 ox-en av 1325 at

$6.85; to Bresnahan 2 canners av 835 at

$4.50. 1 do wgh 720 at $3.75. .



Haley & M. sold Hirschleman 3 heifers

av 883 at $6.60, 3 cows av 943 at $5.50; to

Applbeaum 7 (10 av 971 at $5.15; to

Mich. B. Co. 3 steers av 1057 at $7.25, 3

13 cows av 1040 at

$5.75; to Austin 1 bull wgh 650 at $5.73;

to Goose 2 oxen av 1295 at $6.25, 2 cows

av 955 at $4.65, 1 do wgh 920 at $5.25. 2

bulls av 760 at $5.75; to Breitenbeck 1

cow wgh 1030 at $4.25, 5 do av 900 at

$4, 1 bull wgh 1020 at $6: to Kull ‘12

steers av 908 at $7, 5 do av 606 at $6.60;

to Newton B. Co. 5 do av 1096 at $7.85,

[1 cow wgh 1130 at $5, 2 bulls av 1375 at

$6.25, 2 cows av 1000 at $5.40, 5 butchers

av 716 at $6.85, 2 steers av 980 at $7.40.

4 do av 715 at $6.50; to Sullivan P. Co.

7 butchers av 970 at $6.65; to Remick 2

cows av 1060 at $5.10, 4 do av 1162 at

$5.80; to LathrOp 6 stockers av 611 at

$6.15. 6 feeders av 853 at $7.



Spicer & R. sold Bresnahan 1 cunncr

wgh 690 at $3; to Mason B. Co. 5 butchers

av 740 at $6.25, 2 (10 av 755 at $5.50, 4

Steersav 845 at $7, 1 cow wgh 910 at

$5.50, 1 do wgh 1080 at $5. 6 do av 1150

at $5.75, 14 butchers av 904 at $6.90. 1

bull wgh 1740 at $6.90, 1 steer‘wgh 1000

at $7.50, 1 cow wgh 900 at $5, 6 butchers

av 711 at $6.25, 2 do av 655 at $6.50, 2

cows av 900 at $4.50, 1 (lo wgh 880 at $5;

to Sullivan P. Co. 2 do av 1030 at $4.25,

7 do av 1038 at $5.75, 2 butchers av 1310

at $6.25, 1 heifer wgh 650 at $6.25; to

Breitenibeck 29 butchers av 890 at $6.40.

26 steers av 903 at $7.35; to Kamman B.

Co. 27 do av 981 at $6.50; to Newton B.

(to. 29 butchers av 864 at $6.25; to Miller

10 stockers av 590 at $6; to Rattkowsky

5 cows av 872 at $5; to Bresnahan 8 do

av 750 at $3.75; to Newton B. CO. 4

butchers av 830 at $6.75, 5 do av 838 at

$6, 4 cows av 950 at $5.25, 6 heifers av

741 at $6.75, 28 butchers av 726 at $6.50,

3 do av 707 at $6; to Hirschleman 21 do

av 800 at $6.40; to Fry 10 do av 790 at

$6.40; to Case 8 stockers av 526 at $5.50.



Veal Calves.



Receipts, 582. Market steady.

$11.50@12; others, $8@iO.50.



ROe Com. Co. sold Mich. B. Co. 3 av

230 at $10, 1 wgh 140 at $11, 1 wgh 140 at

$11.50, 1 wgh 160 at $8, 1 wgh 140 at

$11.50.



Bennett & S. sold Sullivan P. Co. 7 av

140 at $11.60.



Sharp sold Mich. B. Co. 15 av 140 at





Best





0.75. -

$1Sandail sold same 1 wgh 120 at $8, 3

av 140 at $10.50, 2 av 136 at $11, 1 wgh

310 at $8.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receiptfi. 7118. Market steady. Best

lambs, $8; fair to good do, $7.60@7.85;

light to common do, $6.75@7.25: year.

lings. $6.25@6.50: fair to good sheep, $4.50

@4315: culls and common.‘33@8.75.





Roe'Com. CO. sold Nagle P. Co. 76'

lambs av 83 at $8; to Hayes 34 do av 55

at $7; to Newton B. Co. 38 do av 70 at

$7; to Suilivan P. Co. 15 sheep av 110 at

$4.25; to Barlage 43 sheep av 95 at $4, 22

lambs av 73 at $7.50.



Sharp sold Mich. B. Co. 90 lambs av

105 at $7.65, 21 sheep av 90 at $3.50, 78

do av 73 at $4.60.



H098.



Receipts, 8125. Market steady at Wed-

nesday’s prices; all grades $8.



Bishop, B. & H, sold Hammond, S. &

00., 4000 av 190 at $8.



Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 550

av 200 at $8.



Haley & M. sold Parker, W. & Co. 310

av 195 ill: $8.



Spicer & R. sold same 280 av 200 at $8.

$7.80. .





§'_J_='IllllllllIlllllllll'l|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIHIIIIllllllll|IllllllIIllIIlllIlll“IIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllgE

2 ° E

e Veterinary. g

3%|Illllllll|||IlllllllIIlllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllll|IllllllllIllIll"IllllIIilllIllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi





CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.





 





Advice throng?! this department is free

to our subscribers. Each communication

should state hiStory and symptoms of the

case in full; also name and address of

writer. Initials only will be published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to someone else. When

reply by mail is requested, it becomes

private practice, and a fee of $1.00 must

accompany the letter.





 





Irritated Eye—My six-year-old mare

has been troubled with sore. eye for

some time on account of an oa-t chaff

lodging in it. I am inclined to believe

that the chaff is still in eye. for there is

a watery mucus discharge coming from

it. S. K. M.. Vestaburg, Mich—The

chaff has penha-ps left eye, but it yet re-

mains irritated. Dissolve 20 grs. of ace-

tate of lead, 2 grs. morphine in 4 ozs. of

water and apply to dye twice a day; also

blow a little calome‘. into eye every day

or two.



Indigestion—Worms—Feeding Copperas.

~l have a gelding six years old which

appears to be in a run—down condition.

He has a good appetite, almost an on-

natural one; he seems never to get

enough feed. His hair is rougih and

stands on end most of the time. He

grits his teeth a good deal, at times his

kidneys seem most too free, moving five

or six times a day, but they don’t bother

all the time. How much copperas can be

fed to a horse safely and for how long?

E. F. G., Thompsonville, Mich—Mix to-

gether equal parts of ground ge'ntian.

ground nux vomica. ground wormseed

and salt—give a. tablespoonful at u do—‘e

in feed three times a. day. The dose of

copperas for a horse is from one-half to

2 (11's., but 1 dr. is about right and it

should ‘be given in feed two or three

times a day and it may be kept up for

six or eight weeks, witihout doing any

particular harm. It is not good practice

to give any one drug for too great a

levnlg‘tih of time. .



B-lind staggers—1 have a gelding 14

years old that has been in pasture nearly

all summer; commenced working in Oc-

tober and in November, while plowing

he had an attack of blind staggers, and

a. week later had alnollheir bad attack.

I have owned him eight years and he

never had a sick spell until these came

on him. W. H. S., Ferry, Mich—Your

horse's liver and stomach may not be

performing their normal function. Change

Ihis feed, keep bowels open and exercise

him every day. Give 20 grs. 0f calomel

and 1 dr. bromide potash at a dose in

feed twice a day for three days, then give

two t'ablespoon‘fufis of cooking soda, the

same quantity of salt in feed twice a

day. If his bowels are costive, you had

better give him a cathartic; 7 drs. of

aloes, 1 dr. ground ginger, 1,4 dr. ground

nux vomica, one does only.





theumzitlsm.——l have recently taken in

trade a gelding 12 years old which ap—

pears some-What stiff. He has no visible

defects of limb. foot. wind, or fewer so

far as I can tell. Hard roads do not

seem to affect him more than sof-t ones.

He pulls wefl without urging and does

not li'mber up much from continuous ex—

ercise. R. G. B., Coloma. Mich—Your

horse has doubtless some soreness in





joints and will be benefited by giving-





Ihim 1 dr.- salicylate of soda; V, dr.~potas—

sium iodide and 17. dr. powdered colchi-

cum at a dose in feed three times a day.





Loss of Aopetfie—J the a theifer calf

seven months old that mmem‘s to have

no appetite and inshand of growing. stands

stll-l. M's. C. W.. Montague, Mich.—GlVe

yiour heifer a taiblesnoonfnl of fluid ex-

tract gentian. a dessertspoonful fluid ex-

tmclt cinohona and 2 (irons fluid extract

mux vomioa at a dose and as a drenclh in

some water three times a day. Give her

any kind of food she craves.



Tooiihache.——'l‘rwo weeks ago Holstein

cow fed on clean corn fodder and en~

silage, fell off in milk and refused to eat

coarse fodder. She chews her tongue.

slobbers and will thrust her nose out.

Open her mouth wide and hold it so for

several seconds the lower jaw- will

quiver. Two different Vets. have exam-





nnd anything wrong. At first we had

two degrees 'of fever and ru-men was

:hard. We gave epsom salts and medi-

cine to reduce fever. Her bowels seem

normal. fever has abated and aside from

the uneasy mouth she appears comfort-

able. but eats almost nothing. Appears

eager for food, will t-uke a mouthful of

'hay, chew it a little and drop it out of

mouth. Will eat a very little ensilage,

but refuses ground feed. We are now

giving tonic and using a medicine for her

mouth. Is it possible there is something

lodged in her mouth or throat that, while

it cannot be found causes these symp-

toms? Could her teeth be ulcerated and

still escape detection by the Vets? Aifter

two weeks on very little feed she does

not appear emaciated or greatly weaken-

ed. A. L. L., Goldwater, Mich.—I am

inclined to belieVe that one of her teeth

pains her, either from decay or neural-

gia. It is only by close observation that

you will be able to locate the trouble

right away. Hot applications have a ten-

dency to soothe tihis ailment and by giv-

ing her warm food and tepid water, she

will be relieved.



Nasal Catarrh.——My Barred Rock hens

have a disease that affects the head. One

side of the head w'ouid swell up, causing

eye to close and they breathe as though

they had cold in head, nostril on affected

wide runs a little watery fluid, but, after

a week they get over it. They eat well

and do not seem to be very sick. These

chickens have free range in the daytime,

with a warm, Well ventilated coop free

from drau-ghts at night. They are fed

wheat and corn, with mashes and scrap-

pin-gs from table, and plenty of pure

water. D. R. T., North Star, Mich—Sim—

ple ca'talrrh is one of the most common

diseases of birds, and I do not believe

that your poultry suffer from infectious

oatarnh. This ailment is best overcome

in preventing birds to exposure or to cold

und dampness or drafts of air. fix to-

gether one part salicylate of soda, one

part hy'po-sulp'hite soda, two parts sul-

phate of iron, four parts ginger and four

parts ground genti'an root and give 4

vgrs. daily either in one dose or divided

in two doses mixed with feed until they

recover. It is needleSS for me to say

that if the birds are well fed and kept

in a vigorous condition, they will soon

throw off this cold in the head.



J. A., Laingsburg, Milena—For y‘Oung

pigs that have worms, give equal parts

ground genrtian and salt in their feed

twiCe a day.



Tuberculosis of the Liven—My hens

fake sick, set around, refuse to eat.

combs turn purple color. and on examina-

tion after death I find the liver unusu-

ally large and full of White pus, and I

would like to know what causes their





death. We have been giving them sul-

phur, saltpeter, antimony and coal oil.

J. G., Bay Port, Mich.——I am quite sure





your chickens die of tulbercufiosis and as

you know. it is a contagious disease; be-





(Continued on page 21).





Save $50 b.5300





I absolutely guarantee to save you $50 to





$300 on any Galloway gasoline engine. Made .in

sizes from 1 3-4 hhp. to 15 h. p. My famous 5 11.9. engine

--without on can on the market—sells for $99.50 for

the next 60 days only! Buy now! Same size costs

$226 to $300 through your dealer. Think of it! Over30,000

Galloway engines in use today. All sold on same, liberal, free90

Day Trial 0 er I make you-and all giving satisfaction. isn't that





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





   





proof enoubl _ I

Get My Catalog and low Direct Prices

Write me before you buy any ' . .. z’ '

other style or make. Get my cata- j mg)“, , »

logund low direct price on the .. ,i ‘

famous Ga oway line of frost-

gzoof, water cooled engines.Free

twee Departmental: your dis-

m- .smr 1.: entries

gggfibm. all“ . Do ltuow





WILLIAM GALLOWIV COMPANY, ~

185 Galloway Station. Waterloo. low.

TONIC " positively pre-





SAV vents Cholera, Cough.

and other hog diseases.



I» H E I sell the receipt (any

.dnmlutcnn fill’itkwlth





_. full instructions for-

51.00 and with it I give

a little book of50 pages

containing 140 ofthebest

tried and tested Stock Receipts for Horses,

Cattle Sheep, Hogs. and Chickens ever prin-

ted. l guaranteed this Tonic to prevent

Cholera and other hog diseases. Money

If not entirely satisfactory. Keep hogs

in healthy condition during winter and you

xvii] have no trouble next spring and summer.

onus. of, prevention is worth a cum!

cure.” Just enclose a dollar bill. also

publish Dr. Chase's Last and Complete Re-

ceipt Book. for which I want agents.





P. B. DlCKERSON,

Duk- 2 Detroit. Michigan





WeWani HAY &. STRA





“the top priceon consignments, make

‘ liberal advancaments and prompt remittances.





Daniel McCaiirey’s ’Sons Co.

PITTSBURG, PA.





Reference. Washington Trust Company, or any bank in city.





 

 

 





 





 





My “ExcaLmon HOG





 





 





l9--19

mania as?





,1, ‘ Bowsheerllsoften reduceth’:





cost 1 udlngo e-

mo “Elbey milfht 111nm





half Thztg

use

~ measuremen-





ri-‘i BowsH E R

.;;‘ ,;\\2;::FEED M l LLS





J-ltfi” . (Soldwlhuwltidww)

. or



' :85 “thumb is. "3’

£1; iqugzg'zs n. . Also tween





era.

Fill-IE 52" .392? mu“.

\- D.I.P.Iowslnr0a mums-d.





   

   

 

   

   





 

 

 





 





   





 





 





TSAVE HALE THE LABOR





sawing wood. You can

do this and at the same time

out more wood in a given

time than in any other way

by using





   





 

 





SAWING MACHINE





Table ll mounted on grooved rolls, move: easily

—out allow in down instead of against the oper-

ator u in old style machines. Must be seen to

be appreciated. We also manufacture Drag Saws Saw and

Shingle Mills. Get our prices on Canvas lleltl 3

they will surprise you. Send for prices and full n-

formutlou. "Ask about Hoists."



llfillll MAM I F0080" 60. 33M Sinai Moll ll. 7.





264 Page BookOn





 





 





 





 





1913 copyrighted edition new

"Club Most complete work on this

subject published. Used as textbook '- c





by m an F Agricultural Colleges.



Gives the acts about Modern Silage

Methods-tells just what you want



to know. 264 pages—indexed—over 45 illustra-

tions. a vast amount of useful information boiled

down for the practical farmer. Tells “How to

Make Silage"—"I-Iow to Feed Silage"-“How to

Build Silos"—-“Silage System and Soil Fertility"

—"Sllage Crops in Semi-Arid Regions.” All

about ‘ Summer Silos" and the Use of Silage in

Beef Production. Ninth Edition now read .

Send for your copy at once. Enclose 10c in co

or postage stamps and mention this paper. C _

Silver Manufacturing 00., Salem, Ohio





J.





 





 

 

 

 

 





 

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   





J.-¢a-...,,





«00 Q





Consist of 99.9% pure, open hearth



iron. This, combined with perfect galvanizing,

enables us to givo you a roof um will lull Over

3 quarter century experience is back of I" our

products, which include corrugated, v-orim ed

and roll Rooting besides shingles and 0: er

natal specialties.



Write for FREE CATALOG



Offer: many valuable roofing suggestions. Ex-

plains"Dlo eimun uallty"o.nd guarantee. Molt

- good dealers sell “ ex" Rooting. Write in Today.





' DICXELMAN IOOFlNG CO. DIM. 30 FOREST OHIO





. PUMP GRIND SAW fiffifl



7 Wood Mill: are But. Engines are Simpel

Feed Grinder: Saw

Fumes. Steel lash





CATAWUII n3:

AGIN'I’I WANTID

Perkins Wind Mill &

Engine Co. “.1880





lab run at.





 





9,;





 





   





 





 





BUSH“. “AW‘fiwffiflkfiiifiwf‘ilfdfig





for sample and prices. 0. S BUSH. Mason. Mich,





Farms and Farm lands For 8an

SEL . F S.

983.538.593.53533:irriiiiiatrifig:





F dunim roved lands in Delaware

. rim: aliversifl farmi ll '

liolouu fruits and ideal h n‘ u "'0“ '





 





 





 





 





omen. For infor ti

address, State Board of Agriculture, Dover. D9553:





—60 A N

Hill SALE 011 RH" outfall. pl’ilr'if‘il‘rfllé’ofi'.

treasurers eastern “r W

Box 948. McConnell. Stephenson Col.)'1(i)illll§§3

N EW YORK {gfiefgggioem do show and

, ev

FARMS and summerfr’Asl‘ry'fozhllits‘l:





QIcBURNEY half m:- , ,





.MICHIGAN FARMING LANDS





Near Saginaw and Bay City, in Gladwln and Midland

9:31:12:- 133W igloo? Eons 391111;; Clear title. Write



a an pa on are. ELD BROTII .

15 Merrill Building, Saginaw. (W. 8.). Michigan.ERS





 





Are the best an where. and





 





 





-We will sell Rabbits for you

to ad advent e: also poultry.

van and genera farm produce.

Twenty-five years in Detroit. in





the one store assures honest dealings.





CHAS. W. RUDD 8: SON, Detroit. Michigan.





Widow Must Sell This Money Maker





190 acres. Good house, two porches. fine water Two

I) so ft.. 20:40 a; silo 13:34 rt; milk houl'e. hog

house. infinity: )6 mile to school, Owner will incl min

to uni buyer 14 young Holstein cows. A bargain for

a hull: er. Price 37.000: cash $3.000. balance time 5%.





Hull’s Perm Agency. Owego. Tiogu Co. N. Y.





 





FARMERS 380$" 63331511233323°$$€

laid l ped (1 tone by express. Write us

can Butter

31-88 Griswold 8t" Detroit. men.





all ireet

for inlormstign. It will pay you. Amer!

& Cheese 00..





l l .

Grins. Full" 6 00.. $231?" 32.3? 33" $961





 





inedhervmouth and teeth and failed to J





potatoes. poultry and rabbits. Quick returns.





Farms in New York





"THE EMPIRE STATE." a In or divi n I

than others. because soil is boll an‘d imprgv‘lng.

Unlimited markets are near. so ools villages. trunn-

portation. make life worth livin‘g. Wide selection of

co lll described and pr oedl bit, illustrated



a





 





oho

catalog mailed free b Secret N . -

en'iAeooslutlon of our Yogiyséte. 011533315





Silos‘hn'd Silage
THE MICHIGAN FARMER





JAN. 3. 1914.





 





' ‘ It ,/ m:\l

Don’t 8 not Dollars

Into the Strawstack





SAVE the grain. You worked

hard to prepare the soil—to plant—

to harvest. You wouldn’t spill grain

out of a sack or throw it out of a bin

—why let it go into the stack?





Hire a





lied River Special

It Saves the Farmer’s Thrash Bill





Most all threshers depend upon grain

to drop out. The Red River Special

beats it out.



The Big Cylinder throws the straw.

chaff and grain against the‘ ‘Man Be-

hind the Gun. ” This takes out 90% of

the grain. The grain goes through—

the straw goes over. then shakers beat

the st ra a.w



iInsist: upon hiring a Red River Spe

c :11



Write us for “Thresher Facts”—

mailed free.



Nichols 8: Shepard Company

(In continuous business since 18.58)

Builders of Thrashers, Feeders, Wind

Stackers, Steam Engines and

Gas-Oil Tractors

Battle Creek. Michigan





 





 





' ._ Pure-Bred

' Chickenspucks.





Geese. Turkeys.

also Incubators. Supplies and Collie

Dogs. Bend do for large Poul ultry book

Incubator Catalog and Price L.ist

H. H. HINIKER. Box 53, Manksto.Mlnn.





2, 56 BHEEDS Chickens, Ducks. Geeseand

Turkeys. Hardy. northern

raised, pure bred oi finest plumage. Fowls.

eggs and incubators at lowest prices. Amer-

ica's greatest poul ry term. Send 4c for large,

tine 19th Annual atalog and Poultry Book.

I. F. HEUIEIT 00.. BOX 807 MANKM'O Milli.





 





 





 





 





POULTRY.





 





MB .ankeys—Lsrge with fine plumage. Toms .6, Hens

$4.1ndien Runner ducks. A few choice Silver and

Partridge Wyendotte cockerels. Collar Bros..Ooopersville. Mich.





lillllEll BOOK GOGKERELS'h‘toO? .3?be gilded?

A. A. WOOD & SON. Saline. Michigan.





BillllEll nocl nucleons-m?” .311: £11.23:





Winners for 10 years. J. A. Barnum. Union City. Mich.





Barred Rock cockerels, Hens and Pullels.





W. C. COFFMAN, R. No. 6. Benton Harbor. Mich.





 





 





 





 





PLYMOUTH Rock cockerels 5 lb. to 11 1b., according

to age. Price $2t 0 $8. Mammoth Bronze Tom Turk-

eys 8 lb. to 35 1b.. according to age. Price $8 to $25.

Eggs in season. A. E. CRAMTON. Vassar. Mich.





 





PRIZE Wililillifi Barlritzd Igooks. Ii. 1. Rgdds. I Igigh



. w r cos. 1 n

Runner and Pekinqdlgcksy NSS-orier xtrio. circularnfrge.

EMWOOD FARMJi 3 Grand Rapids. Mich.





OLUMBIA Wyandottes. Winners at Chicago. Grand

ids. South Bend and St Jose h. Stock and eggs.

RIOHXRD BAWYER. Benton arbor. Michigan.





LILLIE FARHSTEAD POULTRY





BMPRocks.RIBeds. and8.0.w.WLhornegp

for sale. ii) for 81:” for $1.50: 50101- ..50

COLON C. LILLIE. Cooper-swine. Mich.





 





 





‘ FEW "onE of those pure bred Bose Comb White

leghorn Cockerels at $1 each. Order

quick. A. R. LEVEY.R .23. Elsie. Michigan.





Full Blood, lloso Combed llhode Island lied





Cockerels $2 each. Elmer Trim. lilan. Mich.





 





ILVEB. GOLDEN and WHITE WYANDOTTES.

White Stock Especially good. send for circular.

Browning' s Wyandotte Farm.ii .30 Portland. Mich.





_ f '

8. L WYANDOTTES 3:'%‘i..”3lim‘if§“d333.‘“§2°§§Zif

Satisfaction guaranteed. 1". E. Oowdrey. Ithaca,Mich.





 





INE CREST WHITE ORPINGTONB—Fifty early

pullets from prize winning stock. excellent layers

Three and five dollars MRS WILLIS Hi )UGH.

PINE CREST FARM. Royal Oak. Michigan.





 





WHITE WYANDOTTE COCKERELS from heavy

layers and thoroughbred stock. :2 up. Write

wants. A. ANKLIN SMITH. Ann Arbor. Mich.





Wlll'l‘ll LEGHORN cocxrnrts-‘lsz‘sf'





Maple City Poultry Plant. Box 0.. Charlotte. Mich.





 





 





 





DOGS AND FERRETS.





Fox and Wolf Hounds





oi lhe besl Engllsh slram 1n imonca

40 years experience' in breeding

these fine hounds for my OWn

sport. Save your pigs sheep and

poultry. Send stamp for catalog.





T. B. HUDSPETH,

Sibley. Jackson County. Mo.





_ h .

COLL“! PUP 3:21:1iie‘lul‘éel‘f .1frilgl‘ltu321

heel drivers. G. A. IGE ..Watervliet Mich.





lllllllllls Fill! llllllllld M.”°§l3°fi’§6 8““ FERRET:





Send 20 stamp. W. ECYK Y. Holmesville. Ohio.





 





 





 





:4

a

E

E





Hatching time will soon be here and

the preparations for a new crop of chick-

ens will have to be made. Before the

incubators were in common use hatching

time did not start until spring, or rather

until the hen decided that it 'was time to

get ready for a 21-day sit. But now we

can set the starting time at a certain

date, and all that we have to do to set

the incubator is to scratch a match and

[light the lamp. This could be done any

time we are of a mind to, and hatching

n‘ow often starts when there is snow on

the ground and when it is still quite

lfroslty around the edges in the morning.





The above sounds quite easy, odesn’t it?

But, Mother Lamp has no instinct; she

does not know when to get off from the

eggs to give them an airing nor does she

know how to regulate he.“ feathers for

the proper amount of heart and moisture.

N0 incubator ever made is equal to the

old hen. But—well, it is the two buts

which -we wish 'to discuss here.



When conditions in-Side of the hen get

in proper shape she comes to the conclu-

sion that it is time to “set,” that is, if

she ‘is of the “settin” kind. If she is not,

it is supposed that conditions on the in-

terior do not get in proper shape for the

“setting” notion. We have not as yet

found any system by which we can tell

just when this “sctting” notion is to take

effect. \Vhen we see her On the job then

we know it, but not until thou, and ev-

en then We are not sure whether it is

going to last 'the necessary length of time





 





or not.



Hens, like people. are notional, and we

can never tell whether Biddy is going to

take a liking to a door knob and endeavor

to. bring it up as her own, or hot. Even

with the best care Biddy can give them,

knobs never become a respectable {10ck





5th DAY .

IOth DAY y

l5‘th DAY

lgth DAY





HEN EGG





of chickens. Also, some hcnS, like some

people, are obstinulte and would rather

quit the job than be moved tn :1 comfort-

alble nest from a. barn beam or some oth—

er sigihltly place. The whole trouble is,

that all liens are not good sitting liens,

and the joy of going around the neigh-

borhood to buy good bl'Omly hens and

then getting them used to a. new nest is

not one which is oftcu sought. But a

good slitting lien who will be put where

you want her and will “stay put" is the

best incub-unlor to batch a small lot of

chickens some time in Man-11 or April.

But if it is desired to 'llilltcll a large lot

and early in the SienF'On it is almost nec-

essary for u person’s own we'll-being to

save him work, to use an incubator. To

produce curly spring chickens or early

winter layers the broody hen cannot be

waited for.



Although the incubator people are not

in 1the business for love, the poultry

world owes them a debt of gratitude for

lthe prcsvnt progress in the poultry busi-

ness would not be possible without their

warse. They have studied and planned

and have, us a result, brought forth a

machine which will carry on a natural

process nearly as well as a living thing.

Incubation has been brought down to a

science.



Artificial incubation. although it has

made its greatest development during the

past few years is not a thing that is new.

It dates 'back as far as we have record of

any human activities. In Egypt egg ov-

ens were common and large numbers of

eggs rwere ahantched by them. But it rhas

been the preSen-t generation which has

thoroughly studied the principles of in-





 





cubation and the present incubator is





llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllIllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllll1illlllllllllllllllllllllllll||IllllllllllllllllllllllllIllIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllE





Poultry and Bees.

filllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllll||llllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|Illlll'llllllllllllIllllIlllllllllllllll||lll||||l||l||llllllllllllllllllllWINNIE





The Hen and the Substitute Sitter.





lllllllllllllllr





 





therefore something- comparatively new.



VV'hrile incubators are made according to

the best of the present knowledge and

will undoubtedly be improved as 'we learn

more of the principles of incubation re-

sults in hatching will vary considerably.

This is because the THICUlb'aAtO'I‘ has no in-

stinct and the operator has to uSe his

judgment instead. The differences in re-

Sults are not due to 'the machine but to

the differences in the judgment used by

the operators. Instinct needs no knowl-

edge to guide it but judgment does. Often

the luck of judgment is. due only to the

fact that the opel‘aior does not follow ex-

plicitly the instructions of the manufac-

turer. Some little detail in the instruc-

tions is not given proper ayttenrtiOn. The

makers have given the matter much

study and attentiOn and know best; how

to run the machine they make. So, only

those who know Illiorougihly the princi-

ples of incubation should deviate from

the rules. There may be atmoep‘heric

conditions. w'hich would make it necessary

to vary from the rules some. The run-

ning of inculb-aitorsv in high altitudes may

differ slightly fro-m that in low altitudes.

If 'a'fltel' Ifollowing thoroughly the rules

«without success the operator should write

the makers adising them of local condi-

tions and they will give suggestions ac-

cordingly.



There are four things necessary for

successful incubation; the proper regula-

tion of heat, moisture and ventilation,

and the proper amount of turning for the

eggs. \Vhile essential, the turning of the

eggs can easily be taken care: of. The

regulation of the heat, moisture and ven-

tilutiOn are the most serious problems to

contend wirth. If t'herc is not Sufficient

moisture the air spuce in the eggs will

become too large and if a hatch results





7th DAV ’





lOth DAV

l3‘th DAY

20+hDAY'





26th DAY





DUCK EGG





out all the chicks will be weak. The ac-

companying illustration shows the amount

of air space necessary at different pe-

riods of incubation for best results. Di-f-

fercnt mukcs of incuibzutors have various

methods of controlling these eSs'enitiwls

of incubation and for that reason alone

it is very necessary to follow the in-

structions going with them, to the letter.



Very often we become unduly discour-

aged with our results in incubator work.

“'0 feel that there has been a great waste

when we find a fairly large percentage of

the eggs unlrattched, but we thing nothing

of it if we should find three or four of

the 13 under the hen beyond recall. The

per cent of unhatohod eggs may be the

same in both cases, but the large number

in the Case of the incubator makes the

loss seem more serious.



As far as the individual chick is con-

cerned, it does not care whether it has

been botched or incubalted, as long as

either process has been carried on prop-

eriy. It seems as happy in the nursery

tray as under lliortlier Hen, and if Mother

Hen is lousy it may even seem hop-pier

in the nursery tray.



Now is the time to give this matter

consideration. It takes considerable time

to make a selection of the incubator de-

sired. Catalogs of the various incubator

manu-falcturer-s should 'be sent for and

studied. Besides the descriptions of the

incubators offered for sale, these cata-

logs convta-in valuable information on poul-

rtry raising. It never pays to wait until

the last minute to do a thing, something

is liable to cause a delay which would be

disadvantageous Now is the time to look

into this incubator business if you are

going to at all.





ost ACCIDENTS are





I we to, Care/93311955





 





Q

3 STATISTTCS prove that the ma-

jority of accidents could have



been prevented by a little fore-

thought. -



There 1s no longer any excuse for

a horse floundering or falling on

icy streets, sustaining sprains and

bruises, perhaps becoming perma-

nently or even fatally injured.





Red Tip Calks





present a safe. easy way of sharpenin

that assures absolute safety to horse an

driver. They are. one Ill and quickly ad-

justed and once in or stay in. wearing

sharper with use.



Do not confuse RED TIP callrswith imi-

tations. l: for and insist upon the RED

TIP and you will get the boat. Booklet 0

Cells why. Send for it.





HEVERSLIP MA UFACTURING CD.

NEW BRUNWICK. N.c.





YOUR MONEY... m” 5%





if invested with this Society. Interest paid

semi-annually. Let us have your name and

address and we will tell you of the advan-

tages ofiered by this Society which has been

doing business for over twenty years.

The Industrial Savings Society,

219 Hammond Bldg.. Detroit. Mich.



I. 11011 WATERBURY. Pres msrm N. xmms. Secy,





"Jimmy. Always Give

100 Cents’ Worth for

Every Dollar You Get”





That’s what my father said to me when I

was a kid—and t at’ B What I’ in doing when

I send you my Belle City hatching outfit.

276. 000 users will tell you so.1’m giving

you more, when you compare my





. ...}... 8 Times

Presldsnt world’s

Champion. "at“





with any other incubator. reg-“diesel of so.

My Belle City has won Eight World’s hem-

pionshlps. Thousands have made 100 per Home Test

cent perfect hatches. Send! or my New . F lg ht ‘

Book, “Battling Facts.” It tells of big "9 B I:



money making successes. A postal brings Prepaid East of 06 I0.

ittoyou. My low price will surprise you. Allowed that inr beyond





llm llohan, Pros, Belle city lncuhatorto.. Bot 14.naclno. Vila





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





   





' Months"





   

   





 





Free Service





No matter what incubator on may be using.

£011 are entitled to theC Cyp are Go. Books on

o ultry Free. Write at once for list. Alsoget





Free Personal Letters

and 24-4-Page Catalog





Contains eight hel ful Che. tors—describes

Cyph h.ersCo Specie ties. A dres





CypherslncubstorCo. .Dept. 35 Buffalo.N.Y.





Mankato Incubator$7£_2





A high grade hatcher,

direct from factory to user. Has

red wood case, triple walls, asbestos

. lined. copper hot water tank, se it

. , re later, “nursery“ high lggs. safe-



tam . f8. s m e a

plenum?“ r.use Mor’iey b’icd'émm A"

tee. u18y erie nce Brooders for 120

chicks 52. 65!). Kat 240 chicks $4. 00 and 1111.

Write for bigfree catalogu ue.





Mankato incubator 60.. Box 727 Msnkato. Minn.





 





 





 

 





 





 

 





l30

EGG





 





 





 





llZ-PAGE POULTRY BOOK





 





 

 





cats 0g at once. Describes

many new.ezclueweim movements In this year' a

PRAIRIE STATE

Incubators and Brooders

Also contains about 60 p as of valuable poul-

.' figures?“ “*1 f“: 22%;“- trier"?

0 home 0W. —‘

aposbtal H‘tasspw l'i‘flndiyenow 'e. 0“[1)





Prairie State nlncuhstor Co.. I 23min St.. Homer City. Pa.





[92 [acute for

[9.19 Broader ”65*." .





   

   





 

   

 





   





 

 

 





 

 

 





 





   





direct.

sitcoms llclllll'ol co., Box 1118' Enema.





YOUR IIEIIS EELS _a_"d Fanciers





should t the FREE POUL-

Youn FAR" TR 00K and Cataslo xe

written by ROBERT

well known throughcuxt

Youn "OHEYW America. Atte 25 Years

With Poultry. 1‘It tells How

to Malta Most From lugs

and Hans tor Marketer Show. contains Pleluras oi





 





AMEITTTJ?S"€A.§3EST: ”L‘fiiin tgrbTNdUdimli‘ifd

AND escapees—32.25 0348 each. Write today.





Robert Essex Iscabstor C... 113 lissry St. Buffalo. N. Y.





 





 





 





 





3» «.3 -

L.





'fimtfi.

o A . .





 





3m
2b .0; -





' m l a

. m 1.





 





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JAN. 3', 1914.-





(Continued noun-pagan).

sides, the milk from a. tubercular cow if

fed 'to chickens or hogs is apt to giVe

them tuberculosis. Besides, chickens

that pick up expectorated mucus from

people may contract the diSease. As. the

disease is incurable, it is needless for me

to prescribe treatment.



Eczema—I have a young Shepherd dog

which became imitated in groin and the

disease, whatever it is, seems to .be

spreading. O. 0., Bailey, Mich—Give

y‘Our dog 10 drs. bicarbonate soda at a

dose three times a. day and dissolve 1/. lb.

liyip'o-sulphite of soda in‘ a. gallon of

water and apply to sore pants two or

three times a daY-



Indigestion—d have a horse that was

nil good condition until 'he was put in

pasture early last \fall; since then he has

lost flesh and is very much out of condi-

tion. I. B., Remus, Mich—Increase your

horse’s grain ration, feed four quarts of

carrots once a day, instead of six quarts

at a feed twice a day. Groom him well

twice a day and give a tablespoonful of

FOiner’s solution, two tablespoonfuls of

grOund gentian and two ta‘blespoonfuls

of bicarbonate- of soda at a dose in feed

tWO or three times a day.



Eczema—I have always received good

advice from your veterinary column, I

would' like to have you prescribe for a

puzzling ailment. My four-year-old mare

injured pastern, 'the skin first became

rough and cracked open, then I applied

lard and gun powder, also gall cure; then

I employed our local Vet. and 'he called

it eczema and applied equal parts sul-

phate of zinc and boracic acid lotion;

later we .applied blue‘ vitriol and water,

but none of these remedies seems to af-

fect a cure. E. W'., Yale, Mich.-—Apply

Peruvian balsam twice a day and give a

tablespoonful of Donovan's solution at a

dose in feed three times a day.



Lumbag0.——41 have a. 12-year-old mare

that has had a sort of soreness and stiff-

ness in back for the past 'two years and

:1 have thought that she might have

rheumatism. Our local Vets. fail to do

her much good. When down she gets up

with some difficulty. W. E., Woodland,

Mich—Give your mare 2 dis. of sodium

salicylate at a. dose in feed three times

a day; also give her a dessertspoonful of

powdered nitrate of potash in feed once

a day. Are you sure that she 'has not

been foundered? ...



Chronic Navicular Disease—I have a

12—year-old mare that has contracted fore

feet, is quite lame in right and my "horse-

slicer tells me that she has coflln jomt

lameneSs. C. B. M., Lansing, Mich.—'—Ap-

ply lanolin Ito hoofs once a day and blister

coronet every ten days, using either. Icer-

ate of cantharides or any of the blisters

that are regularly advertised in this pa—

per. The fore feet shOuld be kept mOist

and she should have daily exercise.





Out of Condition—I have a ten-year-

old gelding whOSe water is thick, coat

stands out straight; he is low in flesh

and I have given him saltpeter without

helping him. J. H. C., Mayville, Mich.—

Groom your horse well twice a day, keep

him warm, keep stable clean and well

ventilated; also give him a. teaspoonful

of powdered sulphate iron, a dessert-

spoonful of powdered fenugreek, a table-

sp00nful of ground gentian and the same

quantity of bicarbonate soda at a dose

in feed three times a day. He Should

be fed some roots as Well as plenty of

nutritious other feed. One drake to each

eight or ten du0ks is about right.



Fistula of Withers.——Last July a bunch

appeared on withers of my eleven-year-

old mare and later bunch [was lanced.

allowing pus to escape and this discharge

has kept up ever since. My Vet. treats

this ailment once in every five days by

injecting a. serum and we wash shoulder

once a. day. P. T., Grand Rapids, Mich.

——I have considerable confidence in poly-

valent bacterin treatment, for I have ob-

tained fairly good results by its use;

therefore, I advise you to let your Vet.

continue the treatment. You may advise

him to apply one part iodoform and ten

parts boracic acid and this medicine

should be put in a gelatine capsule and

forced ‘to bottom of abscess and allowed

to remain there.



Partial Dislocation of Stifle.—_—I have a

three-year-old colt that 'has stifle trouble

and occasionally his leg seems to stiffen

so much that he drags toe on ground and

is unable to raise foot. E. T. S., Em-

mett, Mich.—-The patella (cap) slips out

of position and while out it is impossible

for colt to flex leg. Pull foot forward,

puS'h stifle back then push cap into posi—

tion. Clip hair off and apply one part

can'tharides and eight parts lard which

will blister. This blister should be re-

peated every ten days untll the ligaments

of stifle strengthen sufficient to hold cap

in p0sition. It is always good practice

to stand a horse of this kind in a stall

with fore feet three or four inches lower

than hind ones; this assists in keeping

the bone. in its place.



Colts COugh.——Colts haVe a bad cough;

what would be good for them? F. B.,

Traverse City. Mich—Mix together equal

pants muriate ammonia. ginger and licor-

ice and give a dessertspoonful at a dose

in feed three times a day. If their throats

are swollen, apply one part turpentine.

one part aqua ammonia and three parts

olive oil. once- a day for a few days.



Swollen Stifle.—Have a colt six months

old that has a-lump on stifle and I would

like to know what to apply. I have been

advised to Mister, 'but as he is not lame

or sore, I hesitate until hearing from

You. H. W. M., Davison. Mich—Apply

equal parts tinctured iodine and cam-

phorated oil to bunch once a day.



W. H., Pearle, Mich—Give your cow 1,5

oz. fluid extract gentian, ye oz. fluid ex-

tract cinchona, a tablespoon-ml of salt

and % oz. Fowler’s solution all: a dose as

a drench in a quart of water three

times a day. Feed her whatever kind of

food she craves: howeVerL clover. well

cured corn fodder and. roots are perhaps





. the best food you can feed '1101‘.





THE" “MICHIGAN FARMER





 





BELGIANS

They Are Here!





H. & H. Wolf‘ importers of Belgian





Horses exclusively, advise old and

prospective patrons that their new 1913

importation is now in their barns. It

is in all respects by far the most se-

lect lot of horses of this breed that

have ever been stabled in their barns.

Big, weighty, typey drafters of quality

all through, that challenge comparison

with the Best Anywhere. A select lot

of mares, too. Get our terms and Guar-

antee. This will interest you as much

as the horses.





Hewo Stock Farm

Wabash, Indiana

More than a quarter century

with the breed.





 





 





GUERNSEYs—Bcg. Tuberculln Tested. Winder-

mcrc Form. Watcrvllet. Mich.

J. K. BLATCHFOBD. Auditor-lull Tower. Chicagolll.

A VERY CHOICE EOLS’I‘EIN BULL CALF for calo.

from a 30 lb. bull and a 21 lb. dam that is from a





sister of a3240 lb. cow and has produced an 1885 three-

year-old heifer. Hillcrest Farm. Kalamazoo. Mich.





' —-Sircd by Albina Bouts Butter

"Oklaln all" calns Boy No. 93124 a, double grand.

son of DeKol 2nd's Butter Boy 3d. holce stock with

good A.R.O. backing. W. B. READER. Howell. Mich.





ROLSTEIN BULLS AT FARMERS PRICES





Six-ed by one of the best bulls of America.

LONG BEACH FARM. Augusta. Kalamazoo Co..Mich.





BEGISIEBED HOL8lElll 5:51b3%§.?§.fi'§§o‘lots’f’ofi

delivered. Free cafe arrival guaranteed.

pedigree. HOBART W. FAY. Mason. Michigan.





“Top-Notch” Holstolns.





Choice bull calves from 1 to 3 mo. old. of fashion-

able brooding and from dams with oflcial milk

and butter records for sale at reasonable prices.



MOPHERSON FARMS 00.. Howcll. Mlohllln.





Purebred Registered





HOLSTEI N C A TT L E

The Greatest Dairy Breed

Sand for FREE Illustrated Booklet;

Holstein-Friction. A:so..Box l64. BrattleborONC.





Bigelow’s Holstein Farms





Broadsvillc, Mich.

Have for sale several fine young

bulls out of cows with high official

butter and milk'rccords.



Send for circular.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Metz Bros,

Niles, Mich.





We have a fine lot of imported and

American bred





Percheron Stallions





on hand and we can sell them for less

money than any other importer. Write

us your wants.



METZ BROS.. Niles. Michigan.





JACKS Md MULES





Raise mules and get rich.

18 Jack and Mule farms un-

der one management. where

can be seen 420 head flue

Int 6 Jacks. Jennys an

Mu as. 14 to 1'1 hands high.

Good once. Stock guaran-

teed. Write for p r i c e 8

today. Address

KREKLER'B JACK FARM



West Elkton. Ohio.

Branch barns. Clinton. Ind.





Tr§ It

30 aye

at OurRisk.





cfl





FEEDING

w. n. MOLASSES





EDGAR &. Sill,

1232 Lafayette

Blvd" Detroit. Mich.





I have-... .. .. .head of

tuition“ .. .sheeo.... .hozs





 





 





 





   

 

 

 

 





Mail this

Coupon

Today





and ............ horns. Send me

your trial proposition to prove thnt

Buckeye Feeding Monuscc will benefit

all of them.





Name.... .... ...... .... ..R F.D....





........Stufo.... . .





P. O......... .... ....





 





 





‘





Buckeye mfl'n Hog {Houses





make hog raining easy. They insure the litter

against disease, are always dry and warm. Easily

Lost a , , moved and kept clean. 6‘2 feet

Life ' long. 4 feet high, with many um.

Time . quc. patented features.





Write for Catalog Today





' . Fully describes complete line of metal

specialties. Sent free on request





Thomas 8: Armstrong Co..

15 Main St, London.0hio





PUBLIC SALE OF MULE FOOT HOGS





Jan. 27. 1914. at Findlay. Ohio. 60 head of bred

cows and gilt: selected from America's 1913 champion

show herd. For catalog and information. address;

LONG BROTHERS. - ALVADA. OHIO.





BREEDERS’ DIRECTIDRY.

CATTLE.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





3 FIRE YEARLIIG BULLS!





1 Son of Sir Jolie Johanna. out of an 18th 3-

year-old daughter of Sir M cy Hui-tog Posch.



2 Sons of Johanna DeColantha 5th and out of



A. R. O. dams.



5 Bull Calves. by Johanna Concordia Champ-

ion, No. 60575. A copy of the 24th volume

of the Holstein Friesian year book with

each of these bulls.



Prices right to quick buyers.





L. E. CONNELL. Fayette. Ohio





. .

Iii-on FARMS senescence. ’:::i8.1i‘3§:;;

S. O. BATHFON a SON, R. F. D. 5. Ypsilanti. ich.





KORN-EL srocx FARM conscience

months old for 3100. E. R. CORNELL. Howell. Mich.

H 0 LSTE I N cgv'fiai‘i‘iisfi’i'éinlfi'er 35:523.?

ready for service. $100. James Martin, Howell. Mich.





Magnificent Holstein Bull Call For Sale





Two months old, B 26 lbs. butter bull: dam. the A.

R.0. Cow Houwtje . DeKol Albino. None finer.

Seven-eighths white. Yellow skin. Only $75.





ROUGEMONT FARMS. Detroit. Mlchlgan.





 





 





 





Maple lane lleglslor ol Merit Hord‘gf‘l‘fiiifig‘i‘fg

tuberculin tested Jersey Cattle of all 8 es for sale.

IRVIN FOX. Prom. Allegan. lchlgan.





BUTTER BRED JEPSE‘éfBé‘LS

CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Silver Creek. Allegan County. Michigan.





JERSEYS—Bulls calves bred for pioduct-

ion. Also cows and heifers.

Brookwater Form. B. F. D. No.7. Ann Arbor. Mich.





Lillie Farmstead Jerseys





(Tuberculin tested Guaranteec. free from Tuber-

culosis.) Several good bulls and bull calves out of

good dclry cows for sale. No .lemnlec for solo at

present. Satisfaction stigmatized.



COLON C. LILY. . Cooper-ville. Mlch.





nun llllEll sunninonn a: harassment.





Bhorthorns. J. B. HUMMEL. Mason. Michigan.





—Bullc from 8 to 12 months

9 Shorlhorfls old. Best of breeding.

Write for pedigrees. W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Mich.





SHEEP.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





' —Ycarlin and ram lambs from Champion

LUIGCSh" flock of humb of Mich. Also select Berk-

shire swine. Elmhurst Stock Farm. Almont. Mich.





lhroo—loar—Old OXFORD and SHHOPSHIBE Rams





For sale cheap. Parkhurst Bros. Reed City. Mich.





 





 





T PAVS 1'0 SUV PURE DIED SHEEP 0F PARSONS,

"the sheep man of the out." Shropsliircs. Rambouillct.

Pollcd Deltinei and Parsons Oxfords. R. 1. Grand Ledgg. Mich.





ll

E





 





cg. llamobuillel Sheep, Pure Bred Poland China

H GS and PERCHERON HORSES. 2% miles

. Morr‘ice. on G. T. R. R. and M. U. R. J. O. A. COOK.





 





INGLESIDE FARMfé’é’fibsps'fiih‘t‘é‘f

ewes bred to (males rams for $13.00 per head.

HERBERT E. POWELL. Ionia. Michigan.





 





0 C —two boars weighing 200 lbs. $20

0 o . each. One extra fine boar 330.

C. J. THOMPSON. Rockford. Michigan.





[1005.

once: &. VlfilOBllS 5.3%? 3£3i2%’§.32k"€§.'§.5%?





STORY FARMS. Lowell. Mich. City Phone 55.





 





 





 





 





ABERDEEN-ANGUS





Herd. consisting of Trojan Eric“. Blackbirds. and



Prides. only. headed by BLACK UALITY .



a. bull of exceflz'lonal individuality and merit. A few

bulb do.





your

~ 'SI'OCK FARM. Ionla. Mloh.

AY RSHIREs—Onc of the foremost dairy breeds.

Bull calves for 3310. Write for do.

duoflptlon. Michigan School of the Deaf.Fllnt,Mich-





GRADE GUERNSEYS FOR SALE.





2 half bloods, 5 your: old. fresh. each giving



over 30 lbc....... .... ......J 75 each.

1 94 blood. 3 yearn old. giving 28 lbs. 6 ...... 86

l x I. 4 0. C. I‘ m 1b..





 





cult-I





l K " 2 year- old fresh in February... 86

1 15-16 blood. 2 years old, fresh any do ...... 100



A splendid opportunity to get a cow at a price

below real value. Inspection lnv ted. Winder-more

Farms. Watcrvllot. Mlch.. Clint Bishop. Supt. Farm

located 3 miles north. )5 mile west Wstorvllet. Further

pcrtlculgs from



J. K. latchford. Auditorlug ToworLChlcc . Ill.





 





A row mica fifi’b‘l‘i‘t'“i'“i’33‘ 8:53:

GREGORY 8 BORDEN. Howell. Michigan





1 f d '

Two "lune Bo‘ns a: géhggggetortglogefgheargrghot?

A. A. PATTULLO. Dcckervllle. Michigan.

0. l. C. SWINE—2:33 .3193? o?"sp“;’.'.§’g

pigs on hand. Will book orders for Sept. pigs,





got my Krice on pairs and trios not; akin.

. J. GORDON R. No. 2. Don. Mich.





 





' —Spring and summer pigs. write us



(illllSlIl’ thcs your wants. Price and quality ri ht.



Meadow View Stock Farm. B.F.D. No.5.Hollcnd.M oh.

I have a few choice youn breeds



Improved chad": of A ril furrow. sit or sol;8



Twenty years a breeder. . O. Wilson. Okemos.Mich.





 





o l G’s—Giulio MAG]? for 1:11:11. and Ami furrow. Aug.

' ' . 0 1' g y 0. pay ex r688.

GEO. P. Aid; EWS. Dcnsvillefgngham 00.. lch.





o l c -8pring boars all sold. Have a fine lot of



0 0 0 airing guts. Sept. (pig. ready to ship. not

akin. Lengt y Prince No. 381 1. sad of herd. (Will

wcigh K km when mature.) A. Newman. 3. l. Mal-lotto. Mich.





o I c —8 ring Bout-c all sold. fall lgs ready to

I I - chi. also a few choice red 0 led heifers.

JOHN BERN n a son. Grand Bone. Mich.





 





 





21 —21





' J I —18. 6 and 4 months. for



0. In 0. ”0:5th Ina“ sale. Prices reasonable.

Oak View Farm. N. H. Weber. Prop. Royal Oak. Mich.

9 —Lust spring boars all sold.



0. I. C s. A fine lot. of fiilts and fol

Di on hand. OTTO B. SCHULZ . One-half

m 0 west of Depot. Nashville. Michigan.





 





RITE US Your Wants For Reg. Cheater White Swlnc.

Holstein Bulls, Scotch Collie pups. Sept. pig- now

ready for shipment. RAY B. PARHAM. Bronson, Mlchlgcn.





o I c—Swlne. Holstein Bull calf. Bf. R. and

. I - White Leghorn Okla. Write me your wants.

FRED NICKEL R. No. 1. Monroe. Michigan





 





g\





O

sow WEIGI'IED 952 Les.

, A 23 mourns om





‘ lONlA_GIRL





I have started more breeders on the road to suc-

cess than any man living. I have thelargest and En-

est herd in the U. 8. Every one an early developer.

ready forthc market at six months old. I want. to



lace one hog in each community to advertise my

crd. Write for my plan.“Howto Make Money from

Hogs.” G. 8. BENJAMIN. R.No. I 0 Portland. Mich.





 





 





For Sale. of the 151- e growthy

lluroc Jersey Boar: ...... .1... 2 1...... ......“

Stallions 1-yr.-old. M. A. BRAY. Okomos. Mich.





nunocs—Bpring pigs all sold. Full gigs either

sex. Prices reasonable. 8.0. S ‘AlflLMAN

CHERRY LAWN FARM. B. 2. Shepherd. Michigan.





Fancy bred Duroc Jerseys—Boats dz Gilts of Spring &

summer furrow. Good individuals at reasonable

prices. John Mchcoll. Station A. R 4. Bay City. Mich.





 





nunocs—36 High Class immuned boars ready for

service. Special ricec for 30 days. Write

J 0. BAR)





or come and see. NEY. Goldwater. Mich.





DUROO JERSEY BRED GILT: :Kfi'Ji’i'i'oicnulgaifgl

blood lines. W. C. TAYLOR. Milan. Michigan.

10 TYPE DU BOOB-March and April Bouts. ready





for service. Pairs not akin. Also Shro shire

dams for sale. F. J. DRODT, R. No. 1. Monroe. loh.





DUROC JERSEYS—20 Bred Bill: for Sale





CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings. Michigan.

”Ukocs—Foll yearling sows and spring gilts, bred for



March and April furrow. bred to two of the

best bred boats in the “ate. Also a few boars. (all are im.

mime.) Come or write. H. G. KEESLER. Ccaaopolia. Mich.





DUBOBS, Good Enough lo Ship Wilhoul lho Monty.





KOPE KON FARM. Kinderhook. Michigan.





-—8 l b r . .

Dunc-Jerseys ..l’;§‘i....3:2.' ’33.??? 22.2.

Brookwater Farm. R.F. . No. 7. Ann Arbor. Mich.

POLAND CHINAS_ Both western and Home

Prices right. W. J. BABIEE-SHEXW?IAEB;;S£P M‘igcelg:

UllllE TYPE I’- 0. firfi‘élsbi‘é‘i’lififi“ it? Bfié’é‘i‘éfi





i

Young Hadley. Big A Wonder and Pig Defender.

H. O. SWARTZ. Schoolcraft. Michigan.





Poland China: and Sinslc comb Whllo loghorns.

B. M. WING & 80 . Sheridan. Michigan.

POLAND CHINA Editorial!





G. W. BOLTON. R. No. 11. Kalamazoo. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





' —The Large Prolific Kind. We

Paland Ghlnas haveanico lot. of spring boars at.

farmers prices. ALLEN BROS. Paw Paw. Mich.





 





BUTLEB'B Big Boned Prolific Poland Chinns. Grow

big. kee easy. mature early. ready for market in

6 months. by? Because we've bred them that way

for 20 years. Buy a bred sow or some igs now. and





 





make more money. 50 bred sows. 100 fal pl 5. Poland

China history free. J. C. BUTLER. Portlgud. Mich.





 





‘ ——Sows bred. also summer and fal‘l i .

POI and chma from In , rnlific sows. Barred fioecfik

cockcrcls. 81 each. R0 E T NEVE. Pierson. Mich.





P. c. lllllllll All ll’lllL “8812523. ‘83:.23‘333‘5



to please. R. W. MILLS. Saline. Michigan.

__ 11 ~. .



POLANI) CRINAS 3.2::smoothies:





L. W. BARNES & SON. Byron. Shiawasae 00.. Mich.





 





 





 





30 Poland China Full Pigs—Good ones from immune

sows 810 and $15 each. while they last. Bred sow

sale Fob. 26th.send your name for catalog if you want to

buy Big Types With Quality. Wm. Wnlilc, Goldwater-.Mich.





 





_E' h . _ .

I‘DLAND CRINAS at? as :9 no. in:





P. D. LONG. R. No. 8. Gran Rapids. Michigan.





 





Large Type P. O. Largest in Mich. Boats all sold.

Am booking orders for Bred Gilts. Come and sec

Biz Desmoins. largest. Boar in U. S. of age weighs 845

lbs. at. 19 months. Expenses aid if not satisfied. Free

Livery from Parma. '. E. ivingstrn. Purina, Mich.





 





' —I’igs far-rowed in Au .t. 1’

Large YorkShlres prize winning ctock.gllgor 913':

JONES & LUTZ. Oak Grove. Michigan.

FOR SALE.





MULEFOOT HOG Bo... 3......





all ages. C. F. BACON. Milan. Michigan.





 





 





—All ages for sale. Bi th ,

Mllle FODl Hogs prolific. profitable, healgth‘i‘rféWi-ig’e

for what you want. G. C. KREGLOW. Ada. Ohio.

350 BIG TYPE MULE FOOT HOGS~Amerlca‘c





Champion Herd. Prolific. hard . Best. f M‘ 11.

Also Ponies. J. DUNLAP.Box M.Wil'liamspo:;. Ollicio





' FOR SALE YORKSHIRES





Boar pigs. Aug. fan-owed. from large litters.

MEADOWLAND FARM

Waterman & Waterman. Ann Arbor. Mich.





—A. .

WRKSIIIIE SWlN s éfifd’fi’ififiabi’g‘ 33?;

sale. OSTRANDER BR 8. Morley. Mlc .





ORKSHIRE Swine—Boats and gills all sold. Aug.

farrowed gigs. finite not akin. for sale. 8 8013]

price on tries. co. . MoMullen. Grand Ledge. lch.





YORKSHIRES





The is: e. long-bodied. heavfy-boncd rclific kind

Bows an alibi; bred for spring arrow. 68 head of Bop

tomber.October and November pigs. Prices reasonable





W. C. COOK. R. 42, Ada. Mlchlgcn.





lilllelarmsloadlorkshiros





8 ring guts. splendid once. Fall pigs, either cox.





 





 





 





0 Its bred for 8 rin fax-row.

COLON c. LIELIE Cooper-villa. Michigan.
22—— 22 .





Practical





THE PROBLEM OF SUPPLYING MILK

TO THE CITY.





 





BY FLOYD W. ROBI‘SON.



One of the most trying problems with

which the dhzirymen have to deal is the

supplying of market milk to the city. N'ot

lonly is it trying from the commercial

point of view, that is the various prob-

lems invdived in the actual marketing of

the milk, but it is also a very peculiar

business because of the peculiarity of the

market which they supply.



The Problems of City Life.



It cannot be maintained that the rea-

son the commodity, milk, is so criticised

'by health officials and from a standpoint

of cleanliness, Ullalt on this account the

producers of milk have a second-rate alp-

‘preciation of sanitary factors. It is true





"tha't the peculiarities surrounding farm





life have not been such as to compel the

«forced attention to sanitary problems that

has been necessary in 'tihe cities because

of the exceedingly compact manner in

which people live in the urban commu-

nities “When one stops to think of a con-

dition where from 100,000 to' 500,000 and

to 1.000,000 people live together in the

space of a very few square miles, it

seems indeed strange that there are not

more problems arising in the relationship

of these individuals one to the other that

makes such living almost impossible. It

is ’by no mean-s an unusual thing for rural

linlhalbitants lin icommlun-itie-sl in Which

there are only two or three families per

square [mile at times to find it exceed—

ingly difficult to get along in their every-

day affairs. If such a condition existed

in the city it may be readily seen that

urban life as it is understood now would

be impossible.



I‘t has been necessary for people to

learn to get along with each other in the

cities in order for community life to exist

but it is no easy matter when one begins

to realize the various problems involved

in daily life in the city. Farmers are

prone to complain of unfair treatment

they ‘get in the marketing of their pro-

ducts in town and particularly is this the

cake in the relations which exist between

the producer of milk and the city con-

sumer.



Producer and Consumer Must Learn to

Get Along with Each Other.



Let us View for a moment some of the

conditions that cxiFIt in the city. Little

is gained by our banding ourselves to-

gether, producer against consumer—«con-

sumcr against producer. A proper un~

(lemstand‘ing of the difficulties as they alp-

Ipe-avr to each party will do much towards

prompting a spirit of co-operation which

is albrolutely necessary to the proper

working out of any such problem. First

of all, lelt us arrive at one basic, funda-

mental Illicit—this is, that as far as our

dealings are concerned we must accord to

the city man and the country man alike

'the same desire for just dealing and fair

play. In the last few years, since so

much 'has 'been done toward improving

'the quality of the food supply of the

(-ountry, consumers have been too prone

to reason and argtle that a manufacturer

whose products do not come up to a cer-

Itzrin standard is himself wilfully guilty of

misconduct, or at least some impropriety.

My owu observations in this matter have

convinced me that manufacturers and

producers of articles of food, as M'ell as

merchants generally, have in their ranks

just as great a [percentage of individuals

who are striving to perform their duties

in a righteous way as have individuals

‘in other lines of endeavor.



An Illustration.



\Vhen first I visited a. large city, Ohi-

«ago, I became very much iinlpreSIsed

with a COmlition which had never come

to my alttentiOn before. It seemed to me

that I had never seen. so many cripples

in my life as I saw every dary in going to

and from my work on the streets of Chi-

cago, and I wendered if city life was re-

sponsible for this directly, or if crippled

individuals made a special effort to get

to the city to live. On thinking this

matter over, another thought forced it-

self to my attention, namely, that per-

haps I had never seen before so many

people together in one Com-paratively

small territory. The city of Chicago has

nearly as many people living within its

confines as are spread over the whole

state of Michigan and when I began to

wonder if perhaps there were nolt as





many cripples in the whole state of Mich-





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





Elllllllllll|Illllllllll||lllll||||Illl|llllllll|||llllllllllllllllllllllllllllll[llllllllllllllll||llllllllll||IllllIllllllllIll||||||Illlllllllll||llllllIllllllllllllllllllll. Ill|llllllllII|lllllllllllllllllIllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllfl





 





‘ Science.





[Ellllllllllll|lllllllllllllll|||l|lll||ll||llll|llll|lllllllll|lllllllllllll|lllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllIIlll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIll|Illllllllllllllll|IllllllllllllllllllIII|llIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllgflj





iga‘n as I was seeing daily on the streets

of Chicago, it then Occurred to me that

probably there was no greater percentage

of cripples in the city’s population than

in the rural communities.





As Others See Us.



I have had many persons ask me why

it is «that manufacturers of food products

seem to be so guilty of attempting to

foist inferior and adu-lvterarted foods upon

the public. At the same time many peo-

ple in the cities have asked why it is

that the “(honest farmer,” as he is fre-

quently called, is guilty of being so dis-

honest in his transactions with city peo-

pic. It seems to me that all of these

questions and observ-av‘tions are parallel

to my observations of'the percentage of

crilpples in the c'ilt~y's population. We take

our View of humanity from an exceeding-

ly small number of examples which have

been forced to our individual attention

and consequently such observations are

not reliable. We think and believe that

there are just as large a. percentage of

lhonest, righteous manufacturers of food

plroduuclts as there are in any other walk

of life, and we think the average would

not be much different from the average

in any other line of human endeavor; we

tlhlink there are juSt as large a percent-

age of honest, relialble producers of milk

and other farm commodities as there are

in any other business of life, either in

the country or in the city. The pecu—

liarity of this observation is that the

consumers in the city are more particu-

larly interested in the slhortcorfiih’gs of

the producer in the country because they

are wholly interested in that particular

and peculiar shortcoming; the same way

with the farmer and the dairyman deal-

ing with the consumer. He is interested

not so much in his own end of the tran—

saction as in the criticism which he feels

is unjustly meted out to him when his

product reaclhes the city.



Co-operation. -



The proper way for regulating a con-

dition which is necessary is for 'bhe pll“0-

dulcer and the consumer of milk etc-alr-

rive at that same degree of understand-

ing which exists among people generally

in the city because without it city life is

impossible. The consumer therefore must

understand and be appreciative of the

many problems confronlting the dairyman

in the production of a milk of a high de-

gree of purity and excellence. The pro-

ducer in the country at the same time

should bear in mind, [with an idea of per-

fecting his business thereby, the peculiar

difficulties and problems Which beset the

consumer in using in their family the

milk produced on the farm. «



In the first place, producers are deal-

ing with an exceedingly perishable ar-

ticle of food—perishable becauSe of its

composition and being exceedingly prone

to conltaminlalti'On because of the manner

in which it must be produced .and the

‘lnnny difficulties involved in transporta-

tion of tlhat article of food from the pro-

ducer to the consumer.



The Transportation Period.



Milk is different from any other com-

mod'ilty marketed. There is probably no

single article of [food that is so neces—

sary as milk, and used as it is, We will

say, in. the city of Detroit in over 100,000

families twice and three times per day,

the exceedingly vivtall hold which it has

on our homes is very readily apparent.

Flarmlens have not realized that consum-

ers are confronted with a. problem in

«this manner. They say regaL'ding any

one sample of milk, “Why, my family

has lived aJll its life on this milk. Why

should it not be suitable for the families

in the city.” They forget entirely that

that milk as used on the farm is used

within a comparatively short time in-

deed, from the time of its production,

and that there have been no opportunities

for the development of any Contamination

that might exist beflore it is consumed at

the home. On the other hand, the city

patron is at the end of a long line of

transportation involving sometimes 18 or

more hours before this product is given

to their families.



Mllk Is Different.



lit the product transported were pota-

toe-s or other farm products it would

reach the consumer’s home in a condition

not greatly different from that in which

it left the produlcer, but when the con-

sumer’s ram-lily attempets to use this

commodity, milk, it is an entirely differ-



(Oouvinued on page 23).





 





 

 





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//////





 





 





 





 





 





,\ :~

~//) ’.\\ \( “"





The Threshold of Life





What are your boys going £9 do?





 





They will grow up to be either city or country boys.

The chances of your boy owning something and being

an independent man Is the big hope of your heart.

In Montana there are millions of acres of land waiting to yield thou-

sands of dollars in profits to hustling, hard-working young men.

Far better your boy be a successful farmer than one of the thou-

sands of poor city clerks. Montana is your boys' opportunity-for

independence. Land that costs from one-half to a third less, yields

double per acre that of Eastern and Middle-West land. Climate is



’ delightful—there are good schools and churches and everything

that makes for a happy community life.





Send for literature descriptive of this country and _telling of the experiences

of others who have taken advantage of the opportunities offered them -address





Chicagolk’lilwaukee & St. Paul Ry.





. W. STEINHOFF, D. P. A.

' 2l2-Malestlc Building, Detroit. Mich.

GEO. B. HAYNES H. F. HUNTER; General

General Passenger Agent 613 Railway ExchangeAcen'

hlcago Chicago





   

 





 





   





Run on Kerosene — 6c for 10 Hour-sf.





Ellis Engines develop more power on cheap lamp oil than other engines do on high- ' 4—

rlced gasoline. Will also operate successfully on distillate. petrol. alcohol or gasoline.

tromzest. simplest, mast powerful engines made ; only three working arts. No '



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Elva patent throttle, giving three engines in one: force-feed oller; automobile type muffler;

bull-bearing governor adjustable while running and other exclusive features. Run either

way—reversible while running. Best engines for farm work. electric lighting, irrigation

and light tractors. MAKE US PROVE SIT—Every engine sent. on 30 days'

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all SIZES. single and double cylinder, menu a big saving to you. Thousands of satisfied

users. Write for big new 1914 catalog and special discount. prices.



ELLIS ENGINE 00., 110 Mullett Street, Detroit, Mich.





   

 

 

 





 

 

 

   





 





 





Sold by W eight





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-sROOFINGr.





Made from the well known APOLLO Best Bloom Galvanized Sheets.

and s eciall adopted to all classes of farm bulldlngfl. APOLLO Booting

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and reasonable in cost Sold by leading dealers everywhere. Send for

free booklet "Better Buildings," giving plans and full information.





AMERICAN SHEET AND TIN PLATE COMPANY, Pittsburgh”.





KELLY DUPLEX Games Business armers





.‘nfl

we“ Running Mill Made. Fully C teed J , Know that It: pays to grind thq





feed at home. There is a his

Grindl our com, lholled corn, out...





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seed, corn in chucks, alfalfa},





r After grinding your own supply.

cheat outs, or any kind of make money grinding for YOU!

grain. Bugger has a doublé neighbors. For "101011211 work gel

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of mill. We furnish extn St F d C .



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groin cm! on com at the' ‘

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All Crops ThriVe In Virginia

' No excessive cold in winter or long. dry spell in summer. Aver e rainfall 45

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Corn. wheat, oats and other cereals, all legumes, tobacco, alfalfa. large and small

hit and golden truck thrive equally well. Near to the big markets with quick transporta-

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up on Pong pavilions. Maps. tn. bomueekerc' excursion rates. etc" on request.

. . a cum .1! Ages; am "

Room :21 a aw.n§si¢$nu1§&¢ “N ‘wmiidfriiirxgva If-





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ran. -3. 1914.





   

 





an;

E

E.

s

g

s:





rarmers’ Clubs





lElllllllllillllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllflilllllllillllUIIllllllllllllillllilliifllllllllllmmllmililllllfij



Address all communications relative to

the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C.

P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.





 





SIDE LIGHTS ON FARM LIFE.





 





Paper read at the annual meeting of

the State Assaciaticin of Farmers’ Clubs,

by Mrs. W. H. Taylor, of the Ingham

County Farmers’ Club.



(Con-tinned from last week).



Great conporaltions are finding out that

it pays to keep their employes in good

spirits and some of them are making

provision for the comfort of those work-

ing for them.



One of the great railroads of the coun-

try recently sent out this statement to

its men: “Cultivate the art of living

with yourself as you are and the world

as it is."



This nation 'once had a strenuous pres-

ident who always explained his good

health by saying, "I like my job.”



I am a firm believer in woman’s rights

~——bu.t not by way of the ballot.



'Dhe right I' ask for our country

housewives is that of conveniences. I

believe if more attention was given to

modern conveniences in our country

.homes, there would be less discontent

among the family.



VV-hen the country woman visits her

city cousin, she finds conveniences in her

kitchen that, c0nsidered necessities, too

often are unknown in the farmer’s home.

She :uhen goes back to the farm thinking

.how much easier life is in the city.



But why not have those comforts in

our homeS?



I read a statement a. shOrt time ago—

by the way, that was in the Michigan

Farmer—What the farmer’s wife lifts on

on average the week through, a ton of

water. This was called drudgery, and

perhaps it is. But this part of our work

could be made much easier by a little

thoughtfulness.



When Itihe water is piped to the barn

to save the good man’s steps, a few. feet

more Of pipe and a little added expense,

will bring it into the house; and if a

water tank and faucet in the kitchen is

not a. thing of beauty, lat Certainly is a

joy forever.



The country boy, as he comes in from

a hard day's work in the dirt and dust

of the field, will thoroughly enjoy the

comforts of a bathroom, and think that

life is really worth living on a. farm.

Country homes can Ibe heated and lighted

nearly as easily as the city ones; and

everything that makes for comfort for

the farmer and his family also makes for

contentment, and we will have a happy

company of people ready and willing t.)

feed the whole Iworld from the products

of their brain and hands.



When we used to come to the old home

in the countryfor a, vacation of a Week,

or possibly ten days, we were the envy

of our friends because the husband could

leave the desk and get away for a few

days. They seemed to think we were

the only ones that ever had a vacation.

But since living on a farm we have dis-

covered thut we have many more vaca-

tion days than when in the city, and do

not have to ask someone if We may

leave the place for a little while.



Do not think I am advocating the neg-

écting of the farm, for I know as well

as you, that eternal vigilance is the

price of success on the farm, as well as

elsewlhere; but we do not need to be

slaves to our work and think we can

never leave it.



That is one of the best things of our

profession, crops will grow, after we have

done our part, if we are not there to

watch them every moment, and we can

so arrange our work that we can take

an occaSional day or' half-day and get

away to enjoy something else. '





change of work is a. rest. One .of :the

'most heipful things to be said of four-L





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





A day in the city is a change, and





Farmers' Clu’bs is the chance it gives us

of meeting people and exchanging ideas,

and having a. pleaSan-t time. We cannot

mingle with other people without having

something new to think about, and a

rested mind helps to give us a rested

body.



Some time during the year we can

leave the children to care for the farm

and take a little vacation that will do us

good for being away, and them good for

having the responsibility of the home.

Any farmer, if he will only think so, can

'have a. week's vacation any year by tak-

ing it a little at a. time and enjoying

himself every time he has a. few hours

recreation.



Nothing pleases our city friends, when

they visit us, so much as for us to say.

“There is the horse and buggy, take it

and go for a drive.” but too often we,

who can go more often than they, do not

take advantage of our privileges. but

sit at home and envy the man that has to

ride on the street car. One of the farm-

er's best a8sets, and the one he values

least, is the beauty'we have all around

us in our work.



We decorate our homes to make them

attractive; our schoolhouses are hung

'with pictures of beautiful scenes, art and

architecture vie with each other in pro-

ducing the beautiful.



We stand enrapt before a wonderful

pairuting where some artist has tried to

.put a. bit of nature on canvas. But when

we see the original every day, we take

it like the air and the sunshine and do

not realize our blessings.



Fro-m the first green in the spring, till

winter covers the earth with her montle

of snow, thereis a continuous panorama

of beautiful pictures around us all the

time, if W'e will only li‘ft our eyes and

look at them while we work.



Some people can only see so many days

of hard work in'a field of waving grain

-or blossoming clover. But there are beau-

ties there that no artist can picture.



Have you ever tried, while riding

Itihroug‘h the country, to count the differ-

ent colors and notice how each one

blends with the others? Even a brown

plowed field makes a. pleasing background

for the brighter colors of the fields and

forest. A field of alfalfa. that we have

driven past many times the past sum-

mer has bee-n as beautiful as a picture.



One of iihe prettiest sights we see in

the early summer are the blossoming

trees.



The pure white of the plum and cher-

ry intermingle with the pink of the

peach; and the apple orchards with their

'malgnlilficent bouquets of varied colors

form a picture fit to hang in memory’s

art gallery.



A story is told of two men meeting in

the woods and one asked the other, “have

you noticed the beautiful sunset?” The

other replied, “o, I was looking for my

cow.”



I fear too many farmers in looking for

the cow forget to see the beauties of the

sunset.



We should teach our children to See

the beauties all around us and help to

create in them a IOVe for nature.



A little garden of flowers is a pleasant

change for the bqu housewife and the

child that loves the plants and blossoms

has. something to hold him to the farm.



The great throng of feathered song-

sters around our homes, form a choir

invisible, whose sweet music soothes our

tired nerVes and gives to the people of

the country a longer lease on life.





“God made the country, and man made

the town;



What wonder, then, that health and vir-

‘tue, gifts



That can alone make sweet the bitter

draught



That life holds out to all,



Should mOSt abound



And least be threatened



In the fields and groves.”





HilllllllllllllllIlllllflllllllllllllll EllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllIlllllillllllllIllllllllllllllilllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllHIIlllllllllillllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllIllllHillIlllHlHiillIINllIIllllllllli|HiHIHIHHIIIHI|IIIHIIllllllllllllllll





THE PROBLEM OF SUPPLYING MILK

TO THE CITY.





 





(Continued from page 22).



cut article than was consumed by the

family of the producer. It is the same

milk, it is true, but in spite of the very

best methods of handling this product,

wlhatever contamination it may haVe re-

ceived at any time before transp rtation,

and which was probably not at all ap-

parent to the family of the producer has,

through a period of incubation lasting

during the entire time of transportation,

changed entirely its nutritive character.

Toshow that there is no hostility be-

tween the consumer and the producer in

this :matterfiwe‘have simply to state that

;..,v .1... r. » -. a; ,- " 3





it is an almost universal opinion of peo-

ple living in the city that one of the de-

sirable features of spending a vacation

period in the country is that they may

haVe the advantage of the pure milk, as

they term it, that is produced on the

farm. This milk is no purer than the

same milk is when transported to the

city, but by consuming it in a. fresh con-

dition the contamination is not so ap-

parent and neither is it so objectionable

as in this same milk which has been

changed because of the activity of var-

ious organisms which, through the long

period of transportation have been en-

abled to incubate and throw off their un-

desirable secretive eXcre'tive products in-

to the milk





EllllllllllIIllIlIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIN||Illllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllIlllllllllllllllilllllll|lllllllllllillllllllllllllfl





E Grange. E





Ell|llllllllIIIlllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllIlllllIlllIlllllllllllllIlllflllllllllllllllllmlIlllllllllllillillullfl



Our Motto—“The farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved.”





 

   





 





 





THE JANUARY PROGRAMS.





 





State Lecturer's Suggestions for First

Meeting.

Song, Sing," No. 54, Grange

Melodies.



Installation of officers.



Song, “installation Ode," No. 29, Grange

Melodies.



Reports of State Grange: 1. Statistics

and work accomplished. 2. The open

programs. 3. Decorations, hospitality of

hosts, entertaining features, etc. 4.

Grange plans for 1914.



Roll call, responded to by‘ each naming,

in one word. the thing he or she thinks

the Granges of Michigan should work

hardest for this year.



Song, “Parting Hymn,"

Grange Melodies.





“Mefl‘rily





NO. 22, in





THE STATE GRANGE MEETING.





 





It is custoinary, at a meeting of the

State Grange, to receive the reports of

rthe numerous standing committees on the

diesing day, thus: making it, in reality,

the most important of the entire meet-

ing. This year several 0f the committees

completed their work on the preceding





day and their reports were received on

Thursday afternoon before beginning the

memorial exercises. Credit for being first

‘to report belongs to the committee 0n

public utilities, of which J. C. StaffOI‘d

was chairman. lt renewed the allegiance

of the Grange to the principle of govern-

ment ownerShip of public utilities, and

repeated last year’s endorsement of the

work of the present railroad commission,

recommending that its hands be upheld

and that the widest publicity be given to

all of its actions. In this connection the

committee repeated last year‘s suggeS-

tion that the State Grange executive

committee have made a digest of all of

the rulings of the railroad commission

and presented at the annual meetings of

t‘he Grange. It also recommended that

the state constitution be amended to pro—

vide for municipal ownership of telephone

service, and that the present Bayliss law

be so amended as to facilitate the organ-

ization of co-operative telephone com-

panies, all of which were concurred in by

the delegates.



The committee on transportation of-

fered no specific recommendations but

suggested the need of better accommoda-

tions for waiting passengers along some

of the electric and steam lines of the

state.



Consolidation of schools, with the state

aiding in defraying the expense of con-

solidation, was favored by the committee

on education. It also favored vocational

training, the granting of teachers’ certi-

ficates only to persons having at least six

weeks' training in a nOrmal school or

similar institution, the opening of rural

sdhoolhouses as social centers and larger

appropriations for the Agricultural Col-

ege.



The committee on temperance asked

that the Grange get behind the move-

ment to demand an amendment to the

federal constitution providing for the pro-

hibition of the manufacture and sale of

intoxicating liquors, a hearing on which

demand was conducted in \Vashington on

Dec. 18. ‘ It also urged that subordinate

Granges increafie their activity in local

option contests and endorsed the work of

the Anti-Saloon League, pledging it the

continued support of the Grange.



The work of the last day of the meet-

ing) opened with a report from that

branch of the executive committee known

as the sub-cmnmittee on legislation, of

Which H. F. Baker ,was chairman. This

report briefly described the activity of

the committee in support of desirable

measures and in opposition to undesirable

ones during the last session of the legis-

lature. It recommended that this com-

mittee be instructed to employ assistance

in preparingand presenting to the people,

through the initiative, the following well-

known Grange measures. 1. An amend-

ment to the state constitution removing

from the recall the exemption of judicial

officers and changing the percentage rev

qu-irement so that the legislature may fix

it at less than 25 per cent. 2. A specific





tonnage tax based on the output of

mines. 3. The Torrens system of land

transfers. This recommendation receiv-





ed the unanimous concurrence of the del-

egates. .



The committee 0n home economics sub-

mitted but one recommendation. It was

to the effect that the State Board of Ag-

riculture be petitioned to establish at M.

A. C. a woman's bureau of home man-

agement similar to than: maintained by

Cornell University.



Practical co-opcration continues a very

vexed problem and the committee having

this matter in charge did not attempt to

go fartiher than to offer a few suggestions.

One of those was that a thorough cam-

paign of education as to the nature and

practicability of the so-called Rochdale

system be inaugurated by the lecturers'

department of the Grange; that mean-

while the subordinate Granges endeavor

to evolve a. workable plan of buying and

selling co-operatively, and that the ex—

ecutive committee be empowered to em-

.ploy wlhatever assistance is deemed nec-

es y by the contract agent in the con-

duct of the Grange oo-operative depart-

ment, all of wihiclh received approval. The

general report of the executive commit—





sbonding for same,





. 23—23





tee. which followed this, brought out the

'fact that a special deputy was apDOi_nted

last summer to assist Granges demring'

to organize co-operatlve associations. It

appeared, however, that few Granges

have, to date. taken advantage of the

proffered assistance.



The committee on taxation asked the

Grange to stand back of the State Tax

Commission in its efforts to secure the

assessment of all property at its true caSh

value. It favored the imp0sition of a tax

on ore. graduated according to value; the

continuation of the present law governing

the taxation of motor-driven vehicles; the

amendment of the laws providing a. mill

tax for the university and other state in-

stitutions to conform to the general in—

crease in valuation, and a credit taxation

law which shall be uniform and fair to

all, as opposed to the present mortgage

tax law. The last two propositions pro—

voked some discussion but the report was

adopted as preSented.



The recommendations offered by the

good roads committee awakened the keen'

est interest and some of these were di; -

cussed at length. A pr0p0sition to have

county road commissioners elected by

boards of supervisors, and to have all

bills audited by the respective boards.

was rejected by the delegates. The rec—

ommendations which were given approval

were: That all roads built in any county

under the state road syStem be equally

apportioned among the sevel‘a'll town-

Ships; that funds accruing from the pres-

ent automobile tax be expended in build-

ing roads for general public utility rather

than in the construction of trunk lines;

that the bonding law of 1909 be so

amended as to give supervisors authority

in the matter of bonding; that the Grange

is opposed to the state building roads and

but this is not to be

construed as opposition to state aid in

road building, and that one member in

each subordinate Grange be designated

to study road problems under local condi-

tions and report to the good roads com-

mittee at next meeting of the State

Grange.



The committee on resolutions submitted

a proposal that the interest rate on pos-

tal savings be increased to 3 per cent un-

der condition that these funds be made

available to farmers, in the form of long—

term lOans, at 31/2 to 4 per cent. The

Grange concurred. A resolution designed

to prevent officials of the Grange fro-m

holding public office was declared out of

order because in violation of the consti-

tution of the Grange. The committee

favored the encouragement of crop-grow-

ing contests for rural boys and girls, and

the creation of a stale agricultural com-

mission.



The high cost of living, declared the

committee on agriculture, is largely due

to poor distribution of food products. It

recommended that Granges and individu-

als make a greater effort to reach the

consumer directly through the House-

wives’ League and similar agencies and

that a. close study be made of tlhe most

desirable methods of packing and grad—

ing; urged a wider use of the parcel post

in marketing products; declared the big

packers responsible for unstable condi-

tions in the live stock markets and asked

that Congress, througlh legislation, en-

deavor to cure the present indifference of

the railroads in the matter of supplying

cars to country shippers. The committee

also asked the Grange to authorize the

purchase, by the executive committee, of

a Suitable corn trophy to be annually

competed for by subordinate Granges at

the state Show conducted by the Mich-

igan Com Improvement Association, and

this also was given approval.



Endorsement of the Lever bill now be-

fore CongreSS. and of the proposition to

establish a woman’s bureau in M. A. C.,

practically sums up the Work of the com-

mittee on agricultural college, while the

report of the committee on forestry, which

immediately followed, contained no speci-

fic recommendation. -



A one—‘weerk school in each county for

the benefit of farmers was thought de-

sirable by the committee on agricultural

extension. This report also strongly com-

mended the present system of farmers'

institutes and the work of the Agricul-

tural College.



Several amendments submitted by the

committee on State Grange by-laws were

adopted. One of these provides that

counties may select dates for holding an-

nual county conventions provided date

chosen is not earlier than August 15 nor

later than the first Tuesday in October;

another adds State Lecturer to the list

of officers- that are nominated by Grange

primary, and the executive committee

was instructed to have published, at ear-

liest possible date following the primary,

the names of candidates nominated.



'The matter of representation in the Na-

tional Grange was brought in by the com-

mittee on instructions to National Grange

delegates and the former position of

Michigan State Grange upon this import-

ant question was unanimously re—af-

firmed.



The work of the meeting closed with

the report of the committee on legislative

action which touched upon several ques-

tions which had already received c0nsid-

oration, notably the tonnage tax and the

Torrens system. Other propositions given‘

approval were: Favo'ring compulsory ar-

bitration of labor disputes; employing

short—term prisoners in preparing stone

from state lands for highway building;

CO'mlDUIsory spraying of fruit trees af-

fected with San Jose scale or their de—

struction; compelling commiSsion men to

adopt a. system of triple memoranda, and

the granting of the right of franchise to

women.





COMING EVENTS.





 





PomOna Meetings.

Wayne Co., with HarmOny Grange. at

Romulus, Saturday, Jan. 10. Dr. E’ben

Mumford, state spea’ker.
Our Great 1914





 





Money Down





I Here is the Greatest Sale ever advertised—the opportunity you

have long sought for—a chance to buy staple lumber and building

material—Roofing. Wire Fencing. Furniture and Househol

Goods of every kind and descripstion, In fact, Merchandise at every

nature. at unheard of low price



We are determined that the Spring of 1914. will be the most suc-

cessful in the history of this Great Company. and the Wise man

will take early advantage of the great bargains shown in this ad-

vertisement.



You can order a complete carload of building material from us

Including everything you need to construct and equip and we will

ship it to you. without one cent cash in advance.



All we want to know is that the money will be paid no as soon as

the material is received unloaded and checked up.





Lumber Prices S-m-a-s-h-e-d





Yes, we mean smashed. Absolutely

nusted to pieces. That‘ s our policy. We

quote prices on lumber that will positively

, save you big money. If you will send your

. lumber bill we will send you a freight paid

T ‘ ' price that will mean a saving to you of



‘j from 30% to 50%. Every stick is absolutely

I 9/;- first class. brand new and fully up—to-grade



_,/such as you would buy from any reputable

house in the United States.





We have determined that the year

of 1914 is going to be the Banner

year in our great lumber depart-

ment. We have on hand 20,000,000

ieet of high-grade lumber suitable

for the construction of Buildings. no

matter ior what purpose intended.



I Come to our great yards in Chicago



and let us show you this stui! ac-

Itually in stock. No other concern

'1n the world has a more complete

Istock of everything needed to build.

whether Lumber, Shingles. Struc-

tural Iron, Plumbing. Heating.

Doors or anything else that you may

need. Do you know that lumber is

getting scarcer and scarcer every

year? Yet our prices are lowest and

will continue so until our stock is

gone. WRITE TODAY.





Shin__g__les A_t Bi__g SLving





n n



_ -We have a specla __I_ia Plumbing. Heat-

T‘u. ‘ lot on 000 000 cm 2 ing.

l0 inch C lcar Shing-



IIII‘I les on which we are

1 making anexception-





 





;





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





h





-' work of all kinds.





Free Building Book





A ZOO-page Book

of Bargains in

lviiiiwork, Build—

ing material of

all kinds includ-





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





 





Roofing. Hard- BI k i h,

I ally low price 0‘32 80- :l‘vam'. W'lgflbl‘teerfcan ItndNo :r%s1!:elive

Order by LOL No. MS- 40 builder should be wi out it. I! Is Free.





ROOFING PRICES SMASHED!





Galvanized Steel Roofing Is Fire, Water and lightning Proof





We bought 20.000 squares of

this Corrugated Iron Rooting.

which we oficr at this remarkably

low price. It, is new. perfect, and

first-class. but light weight. The

sheets are 22 x 24 in. x l / in. cor-

rugatcd. Our price of $1.25 per

sq. is i. o. b. cars Chicago.



When ordering this item Spec]-

fy Lot No. CD-700. This is not

galvanized but black steel roofing.

Write us today for our special FREIGHT PREPAID PRICES on new.

galvanized roofing. We are oriering prices lower than ever before offered

in the roofing business. Galvanized roofing at 82. 75 per square and up.

Ask for free samples. We can iurnish anything needed





 





 





per 100 sq. ft.

buys best

steel roofing





     





s





CHICAGO HOUSE WRECKING C0.





 





 





THE GREAT PRICE WRECKERS





susrrs me:





\





   





\WI .3.“ ROOFING





PRICES





\. EV





PRICE





/ \ .

/ ‘ . 5.... .





L/LUMBER BUILDIN IER

PRICES T PRICES





Now operated under the name oi





HARRIS BROTHERS COMPANY





OR 22 years the CHICAGO HOUSE WRECKING COM-

PANY has been well and favorably known to the public. Dur-

log all these years the four Harris Brothers have been the execu-

tive officers and owners and ior that reason have finally decided



to operate under the name of HARRIS BROTHERS COMPANY.



There is no change in our business, except that in the future the

tour Harris Brothers will advertise and sell their goods. heretofore

advertised and sold under the name of the CHICAGO HOUSE-

WRECKING COMPANY. under the new name of HARRIS

BROTHERS COMPANY.





Why We Are Called the Great Price Wreckers





Consider what becomes of the stock oi goods, when a manufac«

turer or big retail merchant goes bankrupt or “ busted " as the saying

goes. It is estimated that about ten thousand merchants annually

meet with business disaster—this is why our company exists. Ii the

stocks are sufficiently large and the goods are new and desirable. they

find their natural way to our great forty acre plant for distribution

at a. small added profit. to our thousands of customers, who in this

way get the benefit 01’ Wonderful bargains. In many cases our

prices do not even represent the original cost of production. We

stand ioremost in our line. We recognize no competition. That' 5

why we are called "THE GREAT PRICE WRECKERS.





O_u_r Binding Guarantee





We guarantee absolute and complete satisfaction. There is no

hal 1 way about this g‘uarantee. Every urchase you make from us

will be exactly as represented and you w ll be satisfied in every way

or we will make such lust amends as are within our war. We wi ill

take back any unsatisfactory article at our ireig t expense both



ways and refund your pu urchase price. We reier as to our respon-

sibility to the publisher of this or any other publication or any bank

or express company and to the public at lame.





We Sell Practically EverythiLg





Our stock includes practically “everything under the sun." It's

in truth. irom a needle to a locomotive. No matter what your vo-

cation. or what position in life you occupy. or what your business, or

how great a merchant you are. you have use for us, and we have the

goods that you can buy from us to a decided advantage. The quicker

you learn to recognize this fact. the sooner you will be “ putting

money in your pocket."



Our stock includes Building Material Lumber. Roofing. Sash.

Doors, Millwork . Wire and Fencing. Hardware. Plumbing Material.

Heating Apparatus and Su ppllcs, Furniture. Household Goods.

Rugs. Stoves and everything needed to furnish or equlplyour home.

your club or hotel. It includes Groceries. Clothing, ry Goods.

Boots and Shoes, F urnlshing Goods and every single articley to clothe

a man. woman or child. It includes Sporting Goods. Fish in Tackle.

Hunting Outfits. Tents. Guns. Harness and Vehicles. Jewe ry. Sew—

ing Machines. Clocks: also structural iron needed in construction of

buildings. bridges. etc. Machinery. gasoline. gas and electric power

outfits. In fact you cannot think of a single manufactured article

that we cannot supply you at a saving in price. Let us convince

you—it means but little eiiort on your part to prove the truth of all



esay. Write us today for our Catalogue and literature. Flu in

the coupon shown below.





 





 





 





 





_I! THOUSAND P__AGES 0F BARGAINS





-Write us today for a neogy of our G_-r—eat— Big Spring

Price Wrecker now oi! e press. It! is the most

stupendous Book of Bargains ever produced. It

contains a thousand pages of matter true to life

and describes the merchandise we are offering for

sale so gllain and correct that you will experience

no trou le in making your selections.



It is a wonderful book of Bargains and can be

used every day of your Buyin Life. You need it

whether you are a customer o ours or not.



WRITE US TODAY.





8 Bu s the Material

759 to lyluild This House





This Is Our House. No. 6A





rooms and bath. home. The bilglgest

bar rgain in the world. Copied an

all over the U. 8.. but our price and qual-

ity cannot be equaled. price is easily

50per cent below local hdealer 1! prices.





Immediate shipment right from our Chicago

stocks where on can comeand see it lead. .. ,

ed. OMONE¥Y DOWN. :2 oo bu a per-

fectN Blue Print. Plans, complete speci catlons ‘

and detailed descriptlve material list. with a ‘ > '

refund of $1. 54” if you do not like them.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





Our House No. 6A

original M e t h o a 8 serum. INFORMA rum i





We are the originators ofa If you intend building, you Will '05.

system of selling practically .noney it you dou' t write us at once. Tell

complete Houses direct to the us what you want. We will answer you

consumer. at a great, saving. promptly and give you valuable informa-



We eliminate all ill-between tlon regarding building. Send rough pen-



fits. We sell and ship direct cil sketch showing the kind of house you

a? on from our own stocks. want. We will make you afreight paid price

feat care and study has that will save you big money on material

been given a“ 0111' Plans. necessary to build same Every“! ck first class.

Economy is the watch-word I: you ‘g‘ing. to mak en§$2°¥vllili$tffi

ials _ wr e us w a ey are. a

both “1 mater and con you to save money on your purchases.





 





structlon.

No We No Loss Our FREE BOOK OF PLANS

Our Book of Plans con-

!!!- was‘” talus 120 Rages of dlilerent

uarantee kinds of uildings. Every-





0 u 1' Binding .

both as to quality and quan- thin from a 2 room Porta-

tity goes with every sale ble ouse for $141.10 to the



Write us for letters from finest kind of a residence.

£80018 in KOUI‘rom vicinity who Houses are co m p 1 etc! y



ave bougt us. We illustrated sho w 1113 the

have thousands of munsolicited floor plans. prices. etc.

imoniais. And it's free.





Wire and Fence Prices Smashed!

Barb Wire Less Than 20 Per Rod





New Galvanized. heavy weight barbwiro. ut

subponl reels about 100 lbs. to the reel. Lot 2- D-

ipteri100 ht [butstéssi’ (galvsinizedtu barbw wire.



W B a e. I a I

rodstoreegl. 2- pgiuflmrbs. Eat l21:05-28. per “Leif-Elias?





‘W__I___RE NAILS P__e_r Keg, $_1___. 28





 





 





 





   





 





 





”Ali

_ii—- 000 kegs. put up 100 lbs.—— to the keg mixed. a-_-—ll kl

ether. regular nails. such as made by nail factories:1 (181%);

of -CD 33 price per keg, 31. 28. 1.000 kegs of 10 penny- weight.

regular new wire na HS, 100 lbs. to the keg. while they last. pen

I keg $1. 85 .erte for our free Wire and Fence Catalogue. Gives





TATS’ valuable information to any land owner. F111

in the coupon below.





 





 





 





 





in Roofing. Siding 01' Ceiling.





620 For 108 Square Feet Buys _Best Rubber

Surfaced “Ajax” Roofing

Here again we show the lowest risen 33:111. . ..





 

 

 





known for roofing of quality. Th .

surfaced roofing we are offering is our oncwply j

"‘axA brand, and the price includes ncccs- W1.





lETTERS FROM CUSTOMERS





Smooth Galvanized Wire Pcr100 Lbs. ,



win is suitab}e for fences, stay $1 13

res. grape v use or or an or-



dlnary purpose where wire is I’lscd. '





This galvanized wirel is irregular in length—it, .

ranges anywhere from 50 to 250 it.$1. 13 is our





Brice for No. anuge. Other sizes in Brogorfltion. A;





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 





sary cement and cups to lay it; this price is

1.0 .b. Chicago: at 850 per square. we pay the IAJAX .

freight in full to any point East of Kansas Room»!

and Nebraska and North of the Ohio River. I (



rovided your order is for at least 3 squares.

grices to other points on application.





tains 3 to 4 ieces to the .

Read Koo us. which we offer 'at prices eas ypBO

cent Below regular notations. Write today {or free psamples and

Roofi ng Catalog. I' In the coupon.





ill. i3 This Coupon





 





 





   





 





 





 





$1.000. 00 Saved

[I Everything arrived in good condition.

on the building: also heating plant and bath-

room outiit about $1000. 00 as this kind oi‘. lumber

would be very dear here.

Signed (LEWIS YOUNG. Pennsylvania.

$100. 00 Saved

I am perfectly satisfied. Don't be backward in time.

referring to me

you agreed to.

material. and a better house.

(Signed) JOHN J. DUNN. Ohio.

Satisfied With Furnace

The furnace I got from you is perfect in every





1 saved $700. ()0 and also got better





I saved

Black Corrugated Rooting from





filed condition today. as the





a barn next Spring and am





for you have done more than





rom me. '





 





 





 





Used 12 Years and In Good Condition

Some 10 or 12 ye hrs ago. I bought quite a dbill of





painted it twice since I laid it. an

day it was laid.

ease send me your catalog. as I ex eat to put up



coking or something

for a roof as good as that bou ht

(Signed) W. W. ST DDARD Ohio.





Will Order More

mdpleased to say the roofing all here and in

splen id shape. Allow me to congratulate you on

rompt delivery. You will receive more orders

(Signed) D. DUOELLO.





Recommends Our Paint





from youi last.





15c EEE__ Rod _B_uy_s H__eavy _ogF __gncin





Here is another one of our

remarkable bargains. A good

heavy fence. bo oug ht from

lOhio 338038? ialctorgy. pgrfect-



e or o 11 ~

eral farm Plurposes. 26 in. high. square 1110831551130 ugeIIn

suitable s ze rolls. Lot 2-CD- 31. or rod 150.

Other heights in re ortlon. Staples 1001 s 8175.





———_P_.P___._..___

R555. hhihiinl READY mitt: PAINT





ou, and only

it is in just as





 





for 30 years the foremost paint man in

America. His picture has appeared on

over 8 000 oans.and his name is known

from ocean to ocean. Paint of quality is





For

a...





   

 

 





   





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





I Huh I Intouldi not Ilelevritzagcohlyollrlgegillilgevreg§ I have “aged yr?“ Pxéefmier Paint. ‘3 $1 318%” at. hllal‘ s ecialt E lion has our stro est t

on 6 5 Dr 06- m mos here ort e as our ears an n t etter YM- V9" 83 n suaran ee.

:Mllgs BRZTHERSf 00 62:)“ fell” 3’ t ]Chlf1:‘°e it is to install it. they would not be without it. for €11“. climate .8... anydpé‘ilnt I can bu 'lll‘mm mat- rfteagyM ixiefiziiarn‘lc Paint at560 a galion wlii“ outgazt

6 race 008 6 O 0WD 038.03 M ' . . . anyslm at an ouwan t;



333‘ “E‘urkmsquaw Oppositethegatglogsgou wish) (Signed) HENRY D. CHARTER Canada. ter what the price (Signe ) A wan) lorida. m a us or new High" am I“; :3“ ”Manama emu”;

( atalog of Buildln valuable paint book ever lpublished sent Send coupon

5?'°°;B“;“t‘“ D 1;“: m s‘ s_13 _a__uvs COMPLETE B_A__TIITUB _u_ot W_a-_ter Heating P_l__ants Iron Pm and Flttnnzs AXM I NSTER FURNITURE

P an 00 0 00 113.th — _



f . W ih W ld’ B min

H0u888& Barns and Collin This is Twhltolenafggfti— (3:31.025 rfvgzvrg‘ihgzilIiQIlwsijzzfigrzrai: RU_GS a—t Lsc :“sggmé {or "Feb Ellutfit-



_ , W1 . B 01' Olll‘ oma, C II edge

giro and Plumbing Paint one piece, heavy ‘3... "m a est usbtyle nickel- 3.23%..013’ 1:32;: it o ‘ r Good iron in random length! We bo—ught s—t New York ore from the very latest

01101113 . 8111891an lated trimmings. including install one of these lsnts in complotso 133;,” ouplinn suitable Auction an enormous stock of ass ortme



-\ uller on e bath cocks old building. For t is great yli‘ali for rand ednveysnce do. rand new rugs of HouseholdGoods and ever

for hot and cold water Sgle not ours we are 0 erins a warm of ”3| Ifquilfrw In? 3. g to 12 inch-r and “door {coverinsm This is a thing-ugh u will be found



M Name 1;. nicke l-plated connected air heating plssnt la e enou h for our hpn“ -in. per foot sample 01 our men ey-esving noo "Institution in the



" ....... may meniscus-germ was: .r....°:::.~.te .-.' *w “wuss-new» ..;..... sari: “smears-sate awesome...“

. 0 neces - I

I My Address in "“2353.- tlmso needs alimony one. (“DI-101 structions 131:" installing. for “6. 00. 29331521361129: ti 3°“. us your aetuale core. I

I

E "W ------- u" -------------------- S "u.“- I-“ RI B R0 H E R 0h-

1.. .. I .35th and Iron Sis. Icago





   





Our paint department is under the per- '

sonai supervision of Mr. V. Michaelson. 9 5c j