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77/





The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





VOL. CXLI]. No. 16. ;

Whole Number 3779.





DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, APRIL 18, 1914-.





3 50 CENTS A YEAR

(52 FOR 5 YEARS.





 





Profitable Summer Pasture fOr the Pigs





HE farmer who makes a special-

ty of pork production has long

since learned by comparison,



if not through the keeping or accu-

rate accounts, that he can grow his

pig crop to maturity much cheaper

where fed on suitable pasture than

where confined in a small area and

fed altogether on a grain ration or in

a. poor and insufficient blue grass

pasture. This class of farmers has

learned from experience that if suit-

able forage is not available in the

crops already growing upon the farm,

it will pay to sow supplementary for-

age crops to provide summer pasture

for the pigs. The farmer who does

not make much of a specialty of pork

production has not, in a great many

cases, learned these important les-

sons, and does not appreciate the fact

that even thought not many hogs are

produced on the farm, it will pay to

provide these conditions, even if sup-

plementary forage crops must be

sown to provide them.



As previously noted, accurate cost

accounts in the matter of production

are lacking on the great majority of

farms. In a great many lines of pro-

duction, this lack of cost figures can

not be well supplied from outside

sources, but fortunately on this par-

ticular proposition of providing sum-

mer pasture for the pigs, accurately

‘kept cost accounts are available

[through carefully conducted experi-

ments at different experiment sta-

[tions throughout the country. Per-

lhaps the latest and most complete of

available cost records of this kind is

Ithat made public last year by the

’Iowa Experiment Station, and the re-

sults shown by these records will be

sufficient for the purpose of this arti-

cle, which is to demonstrate the prof-

it of providing suitable summer pas-

ture for the spring pig crop.



Alfalfa the Best Pig Pasture.



Undoubtedly, where it is available,

alfalfa is the best possible summer





 





pasture for the spring pig crop. This

was found to be the case in the .ex-

periments above mentioned, the low

record cost of gain being made upon

alfalfa pasture where the alfalfa was

not stocked so heavily but that hay





 





was cut from same and credited at

current prices. Under these condi-

tions the low record cost of gains

made on alfalfa pasture was $2.88

per hundred pounds of gain with corn

figured at 50 cents per bushel, or





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





$3.46 per hundred with corn figured

at 60 cents per bushel. The same

relative cost for a previous trial in

which the pasture was not credited

with the hay cut from same, was

respectively, $3.96 and $4.60 per cwt,

with corn figured at the two prices

above given. The average of produc—

tion costs for the two years was

$3.42 per cwt, with corn at 50 cents

per bushel, and $4.03 per cwt. with

corn at 60 cents per bushel. The av-

erage net profit derived from an acre

of alfalfa pasture, estimating corn at

50 cents per bushel and hogs at $6

per cwt, was $71.74. Figured in an-

other way, the average price per

bushel which the hogs paid for corn

consumed, with hogs at $6 per cwt,

deducting cost of alfalfa pasture, in-

cluding rent of land, was 93 cents per

bushel

June Clover a Good Second.



Medium red clover is a fairly close

second to alfalfa in results with

growing pigs. With corn figured at

50» cents per bushel, the average cost

per hundred pounds of gain in an av-

erage of four trials on red clover pas-

ture was $3.99 per cwt, and with corn

at 60 cents per bushel, $4.35 per

cwt., while the average value of an

acre of clover pasture with corn at 50

cents per bushel and hogs at $6 per

cwt, was $57.21. Figured in the price

returned per bushel of corn, after

payment of cost of clover pasture, in—

cluding rent of land at $6 per acre,

on an average for four trials the

price received for corn fed on clover

pasture was 87.6 cents per bushel.



June Grass and Timothy Pasture.



Where alfalfa or clover pasture is

not available, as it is not convenient-

ly available for the pigs upon many

farms, the question arises as to

whether it would be more profitable

to pasture the pigs on an old June

grass or timothy sod, such as is usu-

ally found in the hog lot, or sow



(Continued on page 445).





 





 





Peas and Oats make Excellent Pasture for the Growing Pigs. A Bushel of each with Two or Three Pounds'of





l





 





Rape Makes a Good Combination.
442 -—-2





flork of the Farm Management Dcp’ t. of M .AiC. ,





 

 





 





HIS is the youngest department

T at the College, and there seems



to be some misunderstanding

throughout the state concerning the

nature of the work to be done and the

connection it has ‘with the other de-

partments at the College. This is

not at all surprising as this depart-

ment is partly financed by the Uni-

ted States Department of Agriculture.

It is generally known that the feder‘

al government contributes annually

large sums of money for the support

of the state agricultural colleges and

experiment stations under the Mor-

rill, Adams, and Hatch acts, but it is

not so generally known that the fed-

eral government is now supplement-

ing this money with appropriations

designed especially to assist the ex-

tension work of the College. In or-

der that Michigan might receive her

full share of this newest form of gov-

ernmental aid, the State Board of

Agriculture created the Farm Man-

agement Department, contracting

with the Department of Agriculture

to the effect that this new depart-

ment of the College should conduct

“farm management field studies and

demonstrations” in the state of Mich-

igan at the joint expense of the two

high contracting parties.



This clearly gives this new depart-

ment two lines of work: first, to

make a study on the farms of all the

problems that confront the farmer in

the management of his farm; second,

to conduct such demonstrations on

the farms in Michigan in co—operation

with the owners, as will illustrate the

teaching of the College, the Depart-

ment of Agriculture and the practices

of the mostsuccessful farmers of

Michigan in the production of good

crops, in the maintaining of soil fer-

tility, in the fighting of disease and

insect pests. Much of the misunder—

standing of the nature of this work

will be cleared away by keeping

clearly in mind the two-fold purposes

of the work. Possibly it may be stat-

ed in this way, farm management

field studies are designed as an ef‘

fort to learn of the successful farm-

ers, the cause of their success; field

demonstrations are designed to pre-

sent to the farmer better methods in

the growing and marketing of his

products than he now practices. The

latter is usually referred to as exten-

sion work of the Agricultural College.

For many years the College has been

doing extension work by sending out

bulletins, newspaper articles, lectur-

ers at Granges, Farmers’ Clubs, In-

stitutes and other public meetings.

This new plan goes a step farther

and requires the lecturer to stay by

the job and assist interested farmers

in putting into practice the recom-

mendations that he has made. It will

be seen at once that this plan neces-

sitates a man who knows the prae

tical as well as the theoretical side of

the question. Much of the work of

the regular farmers’ institute lectur-

ers has been inadequate because they

could not know the local conditions.

The man who stays in the commu-

nity will become acquainted with the

local situation and be able to give

the proper information at the proper

time. It is not to be expected that

any one man will be a complete foun-

tain of wisdom on all agricultural

subjects but he must have all the

knowledge and training that he can

get at the College as well as the

training that comes only with years

of actual farm experiences.



This plan of work necessitates a

much larger force of extension work-

ers than the College has previously

employed. For this purpose, in part,

the last legislathre increased the ap-

propriations for the College, and Con-

gress has been quite liberal, but the

funds are so limited that men are

employed only in such counties as

are sufficiently interested in this work





to furnish half the funds necessary to

financeit in their own counties. 'At

present ten counties have men. so

employed and as many more are now

raising money for this work. In some

counties the boards of supervisors

make the necessary appropriations

and in others the funds are raised by

popular subscription. Anyone desir-

ing more detailed information along

this line can write to Dr. Eben Mum-

ford, Farm Management Department,

East Lansing, Michigan.





This form of extension work has

been well exploited by the press of

the state and is fairly well under-

stood as another step forward by the

College in its efforts to be of real

service to the taxpayers of the state

and more effectively bring to all

classes of farmers a better knowl-

edge of the .best methods of fighting

disease and insect pests, a better

knowledge of the principles of feed

ing and breeding live stock, a better

knowledge of the principles involved

in the maintenance of soil fertility

and the production of good crops, a

better knowledge of what the market

is demanding, and how to supply it.





For years the millers and elevator

men have been endeavoring to estab-

lish standard grades of wheat and

other grains and encourage farmers

to produce those grades. They are

succeeding to a certain extent, but

unfortunately a large per cent of the

wheat grown is sadly mixed and the

farmer receives a smaller price for

his grain than he would get if he was

producing an unmixed wheat of stan-

dard grade. At the present time the

market is demanding standard grades

of apples, potatoes, and other farm

products, but is getting mostly job

lots. It is no help for one man “to

produce standard potatoes, carefully

graded, if he must dump his potatoes

into a car with his neighbor who has

a job lot. Just as long as farmers

are content to raise job lots of pota-

toes and sell them at job lot prices,

there will be dealers who will be con-

tent to pay job lot prices and sell

again at the lowest market price.

The present conditions can only be

remedied by united effort on the part

of farmers and dealers to produce the

types and uniform size demanded by

the ~market. In some of the counties

where an agriculturist is employed,

it is becoming apparent that his ser-

vices are of more value in encourag-

ing the production of potatoes of

standard type and uniform size than

in' anything he can do to encourage

the production of more potatoes per

acre or per farm. In these counties

potato societies are being formed

that all parties interested in the

growing and marketing of potatoes

may get together and with a common

understanding of what is needed, all

may work together toward the desir—

ed end, namely, better potatoes and

better prices. This is true in coun-

ties in which the potato is a leading

crop and in counties where

crops take the lead the same condi-

tions exist with respect to that crop.

It is becoming very evident that the

organization of societies of this kind

to encourage united effort in the

community to produce such grades

and types of produce as the market

demands, not only of potatoes, but of

fruits, vegetables, grains and live

stock, is a task for the county agri‘

culturist or county agent, as he is

or more benefit to the community

than will be his efforts to increase

yields. (Concluded next week).



C. P. REED,

Assistant in Farm Management Field

Studies, U. S. D. A. & M. A. C.





 





SWEET CLOVER.





 





The sweet clover question, as seen

by Mr. E. H. Allyn, is somewhat dif—

ferent than our viewpoint, we having





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





grown it for the past four years. He

says, to‘ begin with, the seed is ex-

pensive, which is true if we depend

on the market for our ‘supply, but our

method of procuring seed is to go on

the roadside at the proper time of

year, out what we want, cure it and

hull With our other hulling job. Last

season we took the binder and in

about two hours out what we needed,

one man running the binder and an-

other keeping the road clear of bun-

dles so teams could pass. When cut

we hitched to a wagon and drew it,

shocking in long rows two bundles

wide, ready to hull when cured. We

hulled it with other seed and got

some over three bushels of fine hull-

ed seed and about a bushel with the

hulls on, 60 pounds to the bushel,

and did not spend over four and one-

half hours in procuring the seed.





As to the germination of seed, I

think Mr. Allyn is correct if the seed

is sown in warm weather, but if sown

in fall or winter the seed germinates

the first year.



Our first seeding was with June

clover and alsike, 40 lbs. of clean,

sweet clover seed being mixed and

seeded on 16 acres. When we cut our

first crop the sweet clover was six or

eight inches taller than the other

clovers and all cured in good shape.

To look at the field before cutting it

looked as though every seed of the

sweet clover had grown. We never

have had hay that stock would eat

better. We have grown alfalfa for

the past six years and appreciate its

worth, but we do know that we can

grow sweet clover where alfalfa will

not grow, and our stock eat the hay

made of sweet clover and do just as

well on it as on alfalfa. We have

succeeded in growing sweet clover

everywhere tried, except in our pas-

ture, and stock keep it eaten down so

close it is never allowed to go to

seed. We suppose inoculation would

be an advantage, but we have used it

only. on alfalfa.



It may be that Mr. Allyn has not

seen sweet clover grow as it grows

here, as for a heavy clover crop noth-

ing equals it. Admitting that the

habits of sweet clover and alfalfa are

different, sweet and June clover have

the same habits and can be worked

in the rotation of crops the same.



Hillsdale Co. W. G. BOYD.





THE CONSERVATION OF STONE

ROADS.





 





In your issue of February 7, 1914,

the crop and market notes from

Hardin county, Ohio, cantain the fol—

lowing item: “The roads are in good

shape yet, not much heavy hauling

allowed on the stone roads when

they are not frozen.” I always sup-

posed that stone roads were made to

use, not to look at. Kindly explain.



Livingston Co. C. H. H.



In regard to Mr. Hill’s inquiry

about the stone roads, will say he is

exactly right. They are made for

use, not to look at. But the essence

of the problem is to keep them in

good condition. Now, our stone roads





otherbare built around eight or ten inches





in depth. When everything is dry or

frozen, we have a solid road and

anything you wish to haul is O. K,

but when the frost is justrcoming out

of the ground and frequent rains are

falling, our stone road and roadbed

is practically loose or soft, therefore

the reason for halting the heavy haul-

ing during the open weather, or any

time in the year when it continues

wet, so long as it would be liable to

damage the roads. Perhaps I had

better state, too, to make this plain,

that our country here is of a clay na-

ture, both blue and yellow clay, and

when this is wet and tramped it is a

tough mud and does not dry up like

the sand roads do; so a wagon ‘load<

ed heavily will eventually cut through

and then the water will stand in

these places and soon form chuck<

holes, as we call them, and they go

from bad to worse/and soon our pikes





 





APRIL 18, 1914. '





are not any better than a few rough

stones just strung out to drive over.

Now, a. pike is a nice stone road, and

should be kept in shape so you can

hitch up to the buggy and let the

horse step off at a merry clip any

time and anywhere, and the way we

try to protect them is this: we have

commissioners, trustees and a road

supervisor to look after roads and

ditches. Here is a notice I clipped

from our weekly paper:





‘ Warning to Teamsters.



Persons hauling on the pikes of

Liberty township are hereby warned

to keep within the bounds of the law

in regard to loads. If you want to

know what the law permits call on

the Justices and consult the statutes.



T. F. George, Road Supt.



You can expect to see a notice like

this as the first warning, and at no

time, dry or wet, are you allowed to

haul over 3,400 lbs., vehicle and load.

unless your vehicle has tires of three

inches or more in width. Now this

is the way we try to care for our

pike roads here, and when properly

taken care of make a splendid road.

Anyone violating the law is subject

to a fine of not less than $5 or more

than $50.





Ohio. R. D. NOWLAN.





 





 





FARM NOTES.





 





Fertilizing Potatoes.





.1 would like to get some informa-

tion through your valuable paper,

about fertilizing potatoes. The ground

is a sandy loam and under ordinary

weather and without fertilizer will

grow 100 bushels per acre. Now I

would like to learn what kind of fer-

tilizer to use, how much per acre, and

how to apply it. Will plant the pota-

toes with a hand-planter. Is there any

tool on the market to apply fertilizer

to every hill? If so, what is the right

amount to apply? Any information

on this subject would be appreciated.

Manistee Co. F. D.





On land of the character mention-

and in the state of fertility described

it is the writer’s opinion that the

most economic results would be see

cured by planting the potatoes in

rows one way, with a planter having

a fertilizer distributer and putting in

about 500 pounds per acre of a high-

grade potato fertilizer, that is, one

containing a liberal percentage of

potash as well as phosphoric acid and

some nitrogen. This conclusion has

been reached after repeated trials of

fertilizer applied broadcast on potato

land ,of similar character, where as

much as 1000 pounds per acre has

been used, and where the potatoes

have been planted in hills with a

hand-planter at varying distances

apart. Of course, a great deal de-

pends upon weather conditions, but

these cannot be foretold in advance,

and one has to figure on average

conditions. We know of no imple-

ment which will distribute the fer-

tilizer as suggested in this inquiry.





Growing Sand Vetch for Hay.





Please advise me as to growing of

sand vetch, when to sow, and will it

make hay the first year? At what

stage should I cut it? How long will

it stay in the ground and how much

seed should I sow to the acre? Would

it do to seed alfalfa in it?



Cass Co. FARMER.





The winter vetch is ordinarily used

in Michigan for a forage crop. It

should be sown, preferably in late

August, using about 30 lbs. of seed

with a bushel of rye per acre. It will

make a vigorous growth under fav-

orable conditions, and can be pastur-

ed some if desired, and will make a

hay crop the following season. If cut

for hay early in the blooming period,

the plant will not make much second

growth, and if not allowed to mature,

seed will not remain in the ground.

It would not, in the writer’s opinion,

be a suitable crop with which to seed

the land to alfalfa, as it would shade

the ground too much to give the al-

falfa a fair chance. If a crop is need

ed for hay the present season. it

would be better to sow peas and oats

or soy beans or cowpeas this spring.





 





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APRIL 18-, 191-1.





LILLIE FARMSTEAD NOTES.





 





Canning Factory Crops.



For the past two years I have been

experimenting with, and studying

canning factory crops. A new can—

ning factory was built two years ago

at Coopersville, and of course they

are anxious to get peas, lima beans,

and sweet corn for canning purposes.

Farmers are also anxious to get hold

of some kind of crops that will pay

better than ordinary crops, and if we

can make a success out of canning

factory crops, if they pay better, then

of course it is our duty to ourselves

as well as to the factory, to raise

these crops and support the factory.

It is an enterprise worthy of support

if it provides the farmer with a safe

and sure market. One thing about

this market I like is that the price is

settled, and all the farmer has to do

is to raise the crop. It is entirely dif-

ferent from the bean market. The

farmer raises a crop and then he

worries about the price. The price

may go up or it may go down. With

the canning factory crops it is some-

thing like sugar beets. The price is

fixed by contract and he has a safe

and sure market. Where farmers can

get decent prices for crops under con-

tract, I believe that it is the best

way to solve this problem of market-

ing. Besides this, with all of the

crops which I intend to grow for the

cannery, the residue is a valuable

feed for live stock. The pea vines

after they have been threshed, make

a splendid feed. They can be cured

into hay if one wishes but the best

way is to put them into a silo, and

the same way with the lima bean

straw. Then, of course, the sweet

cornstalks, after the ears are picked,

can be put into the silo and make

valuable ensilage. The factory has

erected a large silo, and when the

peas and beans are run through the

viner the vines go into the silos and

the silage is given back to the farmer

during the winter time. “’here peo-

ple do not live too far away this

makes an excellent way of disposing

of the vines and makes it compara—

tively handy and easy for the farm-

er, but where one lives four or five

miles from the factory it is not a nice

thing to draw it in cold weather.

The Cost of Delivery an Important



Factor.



This feature of it, and then the

fact that the green peas had to be

drawn to the factory in mid-summer

when we had all the work we could

possibly do on the farm for both men

and teams, has convinced me in the

last two years that my farm, being

four and a half miles away from the

factory, is too far away to make

these crops advisable, and I had prac-

tically given up attempting to grow

crops for the factory on account of

this excessive cost of delivering the

peas, which comes the last of June

or the first of July, just when we

want to make clover and alfalfa hay,

and when the corn ought to be culti~

rated, and there are so many things

to do on the farm that it is impossi-

ble to do them all just as they ought

to be done. Lima beans are not quite

as bad, because they come later, in

August, when the hurry of the season

is over with, but then the hauling of

these green vines to the factory and

hauling the straw back again is quite

a task, and I decided to cut the whole

matter out. The case is a little dif-

ferent with sweet corn. \Vhen the

corn is fit to be canned the ears are

picked off; this can be done rapidly

by picking two or three rows on

each side of the wagon, the corn is

hauled to the factory, where one gets

about $8 per ton for the green corn,

husk and all. Now, $8 per ton is

more than this corn is worth to feed

to the cattle, and I,think one can

make more money by hauling it to

the factory for $8 per ton. Last year

was an exceedingly dry one and on





THE MICHI





portions of the field there was no

sweet corn at all, yet the sweet corn

brought me in $20 per acre, and Ihad

the stalks left. '



Cost of Hauling Eliminated.



But now my problem of hauling the

peas and the beans to the factory

seems to be solved, and in a different

way. I began to inquire about the

cost of a viner so that I might havei

one on my farm. 1 found out that!

these viners were controlled by a

monopoly and could not be purchas-

ed, but that they were rented for $75.

per year. I began to figure that if I

would raise from 30 to 50 acres of

peas and 25 to 30 acres of lima beans;

that I could well afford to pay $75 a!

year rent on a viner and do the Vin-i

ing on my own farm rather than haul

these crops to town. It don’t take so

very many trips, with hired men, to

come to $75, and I have made ar-

rangements with the proprietor of the

canning factory that he furnish me

with a viner and set it up on my

farm. It will be permanently located

with a cement foundation and a ce-

ment floor under it so that every—

thing can be kept clean. I am going

to set it up against the end of the

big barn and we will put on a lean~to

roof and side it up to protect the

viner from the weather, and I am go-

ing to set it so that we can run the

vines directly from the viner to the

ensilage cutter and run them through

the ensilage cutter and blow them

directly into the silo. My big trac-

tion engine has power enough to do

this without any trouble at all. The

canning factory will furnish measures

for the peas and will come and get

them every night and take them to

the factory. and we will not have to

bother in this way.



Now, if we can only raise a good

crop of peas and a good crop of lima

beans I feel sure that we can get

fully as much or more out of the

acreage of these crops than we would

to put them into anything else. The

pea vines are worth almost as much

to feed cows as the same area would

be worth in clover hay, and the lima

beans are worth nearly as much. I

know they are good cow feed, be-

cause we have fed them the past two

years and the cows like them and do

well upon them. “'9. are feeding now

corn silage and lima bean straw mix-

ed as they were put into the cutter,

and they are getting along with a

grain ration containing less protein

than would be necessary if I only had

corn silage to feed. So I am going

into canning factory crops, perhaps

just a little swift. because I have con

tracted to raise 50 acres of peas, 20

acres of lima beans, and about 25

acres of sweet corn for the canning

factory.



One trouble will be that the pea

vines will have to go into the silo

without being mixed with sweet corn

because there will be nothing of the

sort at that time. But then, when I

am feeding pea vine silage I can feed

a grain ration which will help to bal-

ance it. Then, when I feed corn sil-

age alone I can change this grain ra-

tion and feed more protein and have

a balanced ration then, and by figur-

ing this out I don’t think there will

be any trouble. The sweet corn and

the lima beans will come at just

about the right time so that we can

mix the lima bean straw and the

sweet cornstalks when they are put

into the silo. I also intend to sow

some of the ground that will be in

early peas, to soy beans just as soon

as the peas are off and get a second

crop of soy beans to mix with the

sweet cornstalks as I did last year.



COLON C. LILLIE.





 





 





The Michigan Farmer at less than

10 per week, or 500 for one year, $1

for two years, $1.25 for three years,

or $2 for five years, is too inexpen-

sive for any farmer to do without,





GAN ‘FARMER





Saves Time

Horses and

Money





Examine the many

Sp cc 1211 Features





MDRIANCE

MOWER





Simplest in Construction

l Most Powerful Cutler



Easiest to Operate



lighten Draft



Needs Fewest Repairs





\

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\ , , ,v a“, ‘5

. ~ .‘0’ ‘\{ \

C 3 ss‘vk“ 3‘ * .;





“Simplest—Easiest Managed

—Most Durable”





The Verdict of the User—Read These Letters





I have an Adriance Mower that has been

run for 30 years. It cut 25 acres the past

season and is still in 'good shape. It runs

easy and cuts grass no matter how heavy.



E. V. Link.





I have used the Adriance Mower made, at

Poughkeepsic, N. Y. for the last 19 years

and consider the No. 8 Adrianre, the sim-

plest, easiest managed and most durable

machirlie I llrave ever seen, and l have used

severa ma es. 1. - -

Shepherdstown, W. Va. Rich Hill, Mo. Han-“’0“ Phllbrmk'





The Adriance Mower Will Save You Money





Haying season is short and every hour is worth gold dollars. If your

mower is old or not wholly reliable, don’t trust it and have it “lay down”

right in the midst of the busy haying season.



The one mower that gives faultless service, every hour of the day, year

after year, is the Adriance.



No other mower is so simple in construction; no other mower is so well

made—no other mower has the record of so many years of hard service with

so little expense for repairs.



Flexible Cutter Bar—~The Adriance Cutter Bar follows uneven land.

The coupling frame hinges are in exact line and swing like a door—no bind-

ing. The bar can be folded over the tongue when not in use. .



Knife Starts Instantly—The clutch is on the high speed. shaft—thus

starting the knife instantly and avoiding clogging.



Visible Driving Pawls—In plain sight where you can always see them

work. No danger of spoiling a whole wheel as with the enclosed kind.



Automatic Spring Draft—Prevents the driver, team and mower from

being injured when striking an obstruction.



Runs Easy—Roller Bearings on the main axle, and the level crank shaft

with bronze composition bearings make the Adriance run easy and lastlong.



Complete machines and full stocks of repairs carried by our Branch

Houses in all principal cities and dealers everywhere. Any Flying Dutchman

g‘ Dealer can show you the Adriance—ask him. Write us for @‘W&



' FREE BOOKLET on Flying Dutchman Hay Tools. “ '





MOLINE” PLOW CO.





Dept. 26, MOLINE, ILL.





 





 





 





isn’t it ?





,~,_





BOHON'IV ,.





"BLUE GRASS"

W BUGGY as,“ I

30 DAY VJJSMONEYYElRPOCKET





WANT you to try it on your own roads, no matter

how rough they are, and if it is not satisfactory, if it

does not come up to all my claims, send it back. You

won’t owe me a cent. If you’ve paid me anything I

will pay it back, and I will pay the freight both ways

besides. You know I could not make that kind of offer

if my buggies were not RIGHT in every way. You know

I wouldn’t last a year in business, and the fact that I

make this offer proves the QUALITY of my vehicle.





The next question is the. PRICE—and the answer is easy. I sell only

from my factory direct to you—cutting out all profits and expenses of

jobbers, salesmen and dealers. I make the same small profit whether

I sell to them or to you, but by selling to you instead of to them I save

you $25 to $50. Let me send you my





Big Book of Buggy Bargains FREE





I am mighty proud of it—honestly believe it to be the finest bug book



ever issued by anybody. You Will be glad to have it, and you will 0 mea,

~ favor if you will ask me for a copy, even if you do not expect to buy a.

buggy this year. It shows how “BLUE GRASS” buggies are built

wit photographs and pictures of ancndless variety of finished “jobs," some

in actual colors. It gives you a bigger range for selection than you could

find in a dozen dealers’ stores. It explains the details of my free trial

offer, my $30,000 guarantee bond, etc. Now don’t put it off—you may

for et. Send me a postal with your name and address right NOW

an the book will come to you in the first possible ma‘ . - '





l). T. Bohon., 2011 Main St, Harrodsliurg, Ky.





 





 





When writing to advertisers please mention the Michigan Farmefir’.
THEMlgleGAN 'FARM ER j





. . . ' APRIL "18'. 1914.1“-





 





   





HEwo

BELGIANS

They Are Here!





H. & H. Wolf_ importers of Belgian

Horses exclusively, advise old and

DI‘OSpective patrons that their new 1913

importation is now in their barns. It

is in all respects by far the most se-

lect lot of horses of this breed that

have ever been stabled in their barns.

Big, weighty, typey drafters of quality

all through, that challenge comparison

with the Best Anywhere. A select lot

of mares, 'too. Get our terms and Guar-

antee. This will interest you as much

as the horses.





Hewo Stock Farm

Wabash, Indiana

More than a quarter century

with the breed.





 





 





 





em

Special Announcement.





The fine lot

of horses re-

ceived in our

last two import-

ations are now

in line shape

and you are

invited to come

and see Ameri—

ca’s foremost

selection of





Belgians 8i. Percherons





BELL BROS., Wooster.0hio

W





JNO. CRAWFORD,

Horse Importer,

Byron, Mich.





70 Head for Sale





Percheron, Hackney and

Clydesdale Stallions.

Also Some Fine Percheron &. Hackney Mares





with foal. Now gentlemen I am

going to sell. Be sure to get my

price before you buy.





AUCTION! AUGTION !! AUBTION ! it





Of horses and mules every Monday. Private sale

daily. From two to five hundred head always on hand.

farm mares and chunks. delivery and wagon horsess

pavement sore city horses. and drafters and work

horses of every kind. South ST. PAUL HORSE AND

MULE 00.. Union Stock Yards, South St. Paul. Minn.





FUR SALE-Imp. Belgian Stallion





five years old, ton horse. sound and all right every way.

have no use for him, will sell or trade for grade Angus

cows or heifers,or :inythinglcan ”$0.00an iliid see him.





D. A. LANTZ, Montpelier, Ohio.





 





 





 





 





 





F0" S‘LE—l big. heavy boned, Reg. Percheron Etta]-

lion. 1 yr. old past. Also'l Hog. Percheron

mares in foal. M. A. Bray. Ukomos. Ingliuui Co..Mii-h.





OME tine young registered Clydesdale Stallions

L. for Sale from 1 to 4 yours old. In the spring some

will make ton horses with lots of quality and good

action. Must be sold before the first of April.



. A. PETZ. Capac. Michigan.





 





F0“ SILE—Pair ot‘_5-yr.-old black mares. Bothdn

foal, weight 3820 lbs. A good pair. Price

8650. HARRY STRUBLE. Diuir. Michigan.





REGISTERED PEiliiilEliilil ‘53.? Sfithe' £332.32:

Also Some maree,,all ages at farmers prices. Visitors

alwaysjwelcome. F.|L. King a Son. Charlotte. Mich.





 





 





PERGHEBou-With size. style. bone and action. State



and International winners. included.

Also a Blue Roan Belgian. No better in the state. Come

and see them. John Schipper. Filmore Center. Mich.





. d t . V‘ .

A com ions one. new senescence;

write to. 0. F. HOPPE. Ann Arbor. Michigan.





 





When writing advertisers please





mention The Michigan Farmer.





 





FEEDING ewes FOR MILK FLOW.





Feeding ewes to produce a large,

uniform flow of milk for their lambs

during the suckling period, is a mat-

ter of supreme importance to flock

owners. At no time in the life of the

lamb crop can so rapid and economic

bone and flesh formation be made as

during the period the lambs are de-

pendent upon the ewes.



Ewes vary widely in their ability

to convert food into milk for their

suckling progeny. Some individuals

in the flock possess strong milk-pro.

ducing tendencies and cause their

nursing young to make very rapid

growth, while other ewes, Seemingly

as well fed and vigorous are incapa-

ble of producing a large flow of milk,

consequently causing their young to

make slower development. It is diffi-

cult to so handle the flock that every

individual may receive special atten-

tion, but some general method should

be employed that will induce as large

and uniform milk flow as possible.





For the first few days after the

lambs come, the ewes should be care

fully fed so as not to produce too

rapid stimulation of the milk-produc-

ing system. Heavy milking ewes are





09.,

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i... “u, ...



\"PI.‘*:I”;"

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,...

. \\"L. .‘





.QA-





 





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3

subject to permanent injury because

of improper management following

lambing. As a rule it is prudent not

to abruptly alter the ration after

lambing, to what the ewes have been

accustomed to during pregnancy. The

milk-producing system of ewes is a

very delicate and sensitive organiza-

tion and easily injured.



As soon as the ewes have regained

normal condition after lambing, and

the lambs gained sufl‘icient strength

to care for themselves, attention

should be directed to feeding the

ewes for milk flow. This should be

begun with a considerable thoughtful-

ness as there is great danger of feed-

ing too heavily the first two or three

weeks. If the ewes have been accus-

tomed to dry feed,‘some succulent

matter should be added to the ration,

either by feeding ensilage, roots or if

weather conditions are favorable turn

the flock out on a meadow pasture.

Green forage is the most natural and

palatable milk—producing food avail-

able in the spring, but must be sup-

plied the flock very judiciously or

harmful results are sure to follow.

Early spring forage contains a very

high percentage of water and is ex-

tremely low in nutritive ingredients,

consequently an unbalanced ration, if

depended on entirely as a feed for

nursing ewes. Green forage, if sup-

plied the flock too abundantly early

in the spring, is likely to cause indi-

gestion among the little lambs and





 





 

 

 

 





.» ‘

a . “W“"I \i‘k?

W5“ s" . ‘

/





~iiiiiliiiliiiiiii-illiiiiiilllliiilllliliiiiliiIiil|liltliiiiiiiiilillIIIliliiiiiiilIlliillllItlliiiiiiliilIlliiiliiillliilliil||i|Iitilliiiil|IlitIllllillll[illlllllIIi|lillIiiIlitI|Illilllii|IiilllililiIliililiIIitIiIiiilliillililttilliliiiilllliillillillili_;.__=i-E

E - ' E:

L1ve Stock.

$1"|illliliiiiiiiliiiilllillillliiiiiilliliillllillillllllliilllllllilllllllililllilllillIii|itiitiiIilillllililillllllllliillitiillilillliilllilllliilItllllittlliilllliillilllttllllilllillliiitiliiiillIIllilillllllliliililllllilllillilliillililllllflllllfi





produce a setback and possible loss.

No matter how early spring pas-

ture comes on during late April and

early May, it is unwise management

to allow the ewes too free access to

green feed. Less trouble and more

uniform flow of milk will result if

some bright clover hay is fed for the

first two or three weeks after the

flock is turned to pasture. The dry

roughage will check the succulent ef-

fect of the green pasture and prevent

a too radical change in the ration. A

light grain ration will also be a great

stimulant to milk flow and also to as-

sist in keeping the ewes in good

health. Oats and wheat bran, equal

parts, is a very excellent grain ration

for nursing eWes during the spring

months. This ration can be fed lib-

erally and without danger.

Shiawassee Co. L. C. REYNOLDS.





BREEDING CRATE.





Will you kindly publish plan of a

hog breeding crate in the Michigan

Farmer?



Hillsdale C0. S. H. C.





We reprint the description and il~

lustration of a crate described in

Farmers’ Bulletin No. 205. The best

size is 6 ft. long, 2 ft. 4 in. wide, and





 





ts





./,

.

/i.-





1 ,

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. l‘ "'Uo

. ’ M0,. a ‘ ‘4‘“?

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“all"





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mnlmmn





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. <flfi 1,, ‘U‘kb’ '.





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C

o ' 4

Au”! .‘ “i"





o e M m ‘4'}... iql“7.‘ ' -v





21,5 ft. high. It is made of 2x4-inch

scantling, closed in front and open

behind. On each side nail a 2x4-inch

strip, reaching from the bottom at

the rear end to a point about 4 or 16

inches from the top at the front end

for the boar to rest his feet on. The

holes in the side cleats are for an

irOn rod to run through, just behind

the sow’s hock joints. The cut shows

the bottom boards put in lengthwise.

If put in sidewise, the boar will not

slip so much. Light slats nailed

crosswise will prevent slipping.





FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS.





Middlings and Tankage for Young

Pigs.



I have a bunch of pigs just old

enough to wean. I would like to know

if scalded middlings and tankage

would make a satisfactory ration. If

so how much tankage would I feed at

the start for pigs six weeks old?



Saginaw Co. F. T.





Middlings constitute a fairly well

balanced ration for young pigs. A

very little tankage might be used to

advantage, in which case some feed-

ing molasses added to the ration

would increase its palatability and be

beneficial in mantaining a proper nu-

tritive ratio, but only a very small

amount would be required until the

pigs get older and corn forms a part

of their ration, when about one part

of tankage to nine or ten parts of

corn will make a fairly well balanced

ration.





 





 





 





noes SILAGE FREEZE

[N METAL 811.05?





The true test of a silo is its ability

to preserve sila under abnormal

conditions. A r the extremely

cold spell last winter, we asked

many customers how “ZYRO”

Silos_“behaved." In reply to our

inquiry whether frost injured

solo or silage, all





 





 





 





- Owners of





ZYRO MetalSilos





Say NC!





Here is one of a score or more of the

kind of replies we got:—“The Wood Silo

agents laughed at us last fall. They said

in cold weather our silage would freeze

solid. but they were mistaken. Several

times it did freeze so that it stuck to the

sides of the silo. But a few hours of

sunshine would loosen it up again.

That is the beauty of a metal silo wall.”

$11580 frozen to wood or tile has to be

chopped off the walls; chopping damages

walls. Become ” YRO"-wisel , Write

To-Day for bulletin “Will They Freeze".

which thoroughly explains all and read

page 26 of our large instructive “ZYRO”

Catalog. Both are FREE.





THE CANTON CULVERT Co..

Box 520. CANTON. OHIO.





 





   





 





 





 





 





 





Warranted

to give satisfaction.





   





cochuu’s

CAUSTIC BALSAM





A safe, speedy and

positive cure for





. Ca ed Hock,



Strained Teudons, Founder, ind Puffs,



and all lameness from Spavin, Ringbone



and other bony tumors. Cures all skin



diseases or Parasites, Thrush, Diphtheria.



gefiiwes all Bunches from Horses or

a e.





As 0. HUMAN REMEDY for Rheu-

matism. Spralnl, Sore Throat, etc., it;

is invaluable.



Every bottle of Calutlc Balsam sold is

Warrmted to give satisfaction. Price 81.50

per bottle. Sold by druggists or sent by ex-

press, charges paid, with full directions for its

use. Send for descriptive circulars, testimo-

nlnls, etc. Address





THE LAWRENCE-WILLIAIS COIPANY, Cleveland. Ohio.





Curb, Splint, Sweeny,





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





ti





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





e





 





' The Healthy lleid





Hundreds of herds are kept in the prime of

health and productiveness by the occa-

sional use of KOW- KURE, the great; cow

medicine. KOW KURE has no equal in the

cure of the common cow diseases of Abor-

tion, Retained Afterbirth and Barrenness.

It is also a. posmve cure for Bunches, Milk

Fever, Scouting, Red Water and Lost

Appetite.





But it_is better to prevent than to cure.

The periodical use of Kow-Kure in small

doses wrll effectually prevent these diseases,

and make the liealt y herd pour a constant

stream of profits into your pockets.





“you have a backward cow. buy n 50c

pneknge of KOW-KURE. and give according

to directions. It will do wonders. 50c and

$1.00_ packages at all food denim and



month.





 





 





   





Dairy Association 00..

Lyndonvlllo, Vt. /





 





 





MINERAL .

‘ '"o‘iiEOHEAVE

£5 HEAVES





Package OURES any one or mono refunded

ll Package OURES ordinary cues. Minoyrnl Beanie

Remedy 00.. 463 N.~Fourth Ave.. Pittsburgh.Pa





HOIHMIIE OOIBIETE liXErfi‘ii.‘i{§%§i‘n§





‘h





 





 





 





New cacti furnished if desired. W l

scriptive met. a. c. SHELDON. Notifies)“:





 





‘-..—__.‘... ..__ e.
i

l

I

l

i





 





 

   





APRIL 18, 1914.



PROFITA‘BLE, ISUMME‘R PASTURE

FOR THE PIGS.

(Continued from first page).

some special crop for summer forage.

In the Iowa trials it was demonstrat-

ed that blue grass or timothy pas-

ture was not as economical forage

for pigs as the other pasture crops

mentioned, the cost of gains on such

pasture being $4.09 per cwt. with

corn at 50 cents per bushel, and $4.77

per cwt, with corn at 60 cents per

bushel, in comparison with the fig-

ures above given for alfalfa and 010.

ver, but even this pasture had a value

of $31.85 per acre above rental value

with corn at 50 cents per bushel and



hogs at $6 per cwt.

Dwarf Essex Rape for Pigs.



Where special crops must be grown

for hog pasture, rape is undoubtedly

the most suitable single plant for this

purpose which can be sown on Mich-

igan farms. In the Iowa experiments

to which reference is made, rape

made a very satisfactory showing in

comparison with other pastures. In

figuring on the cost of gains made,

the cost of growing the forage crops

was estimated as accurately as possi-

ble. The cost of growing an acre of

rape, for instance, was estimated at

$9.02 where sown broadcast, which

includes $6 per acre for rent of land

or $10.35 per acre where grown in

drills, with the same allowance for

rent of land, the amount of seed sown

being five pounds per acre in the one

case and 2.5 pounds in the other.

\Vith this estimate placed upon the

cost of an acre of rape pasture, it

was found in an average of four trials

that the total cost of 100 pounds of

gain in spring pigs pastured on rape

and fed a supplementary ration of

corn and meat meal was $3.82 per

hundred weight with corn at 50 cents

per bushel, and $4.41 per hundred

weight with corn at 60 cents per

bushel. On this basis the average

value of an acre of rape pasture for

four years was estimated at $81.29, or

figured in the price received per

bushel of corn, the return for corn

fed on rape pasture was 87 cents per

bushel with hogs at $6 per cwt.





Oats, Peas and Rape a Good Combi-

' nation.



If it is desired to sow a combina-

tion of plants, oats» peas and rape

sown at the rate of a bushel of oats,

a bushel of peas and three pounds of

rape seed per acre will make a good

mixture. The average results secured

from this combination in the experi-

ments above referred to indicate a

cost of $3.92 per hundred pounds of

gain with corn at 50 cents per bushel,

and $4.51 per hundred pounds of gain

with corn at 60 cents per bushel.

While this is a somewhat higher cost

of gain than for the other pastures

mentioned, the per acre value of‘the

pasture was greater, being estimated

at $86.56 per acre with corn at 50

cents per bushel and hogs at $6 per

cwt., while the average price return—

ed per bushel of corn on this pasture

crop was 84.9 cents per bushel.





 





Cost of Gains without Pasture.



Now, to appreciate the advantages

of growing pigs on pasture crops, it

is not only necessary to have figures

with regard to the cost of production

under these circumstances, but also

the relative cost of pigs fed without

pasture under similar conditions. The

average cost of gains in two check

lots which were fed without pasture

in this experiment was $5.17 per hun-

dred pounds of gain with corn at 50

cents per bushel and $5.94 per hun-

dred pounds of gain with corn at 60

cents per bushel. It will thus be seen

that while a small profit might result

from the production of pork with

hogs at $6 per cwt., and corn at 60

cents per bushel under ordinary feed-

ing conditions, that this profit can be

increased materially by providing

suitable summer pasture crops for

the growing pigs, and that the land





 





THE-MICHIGAN FARMER





devoted to this purpose will return,

aside from its rental value and the

cost of the crop, a handsome profit,

which will probably be far greater

than the average per acre profit de-

rived from the balance of the farm

which is devoted to the regular crop

rotation.



The average number of pigs per

acre pastured on the different crops

in the experiments above mentioned,

varied according to the crop used and

age of the pigs, from 12 to 30. Ex-

periments were made with various

other crops, but the results were best

in those above given. It was found,

however, that rye was a valuable for-

age crop for pigs in early spring or

late fall and can be used to advan-

tage in connection with other supple—

mentary pasture crops for early and

late pasture.





Pasturing of Older HogsNot so

Profitable.



It is interesting to note that in this

series of experiments it was found

that no such economy in gains was

secured from the feeding of older

hogs on pasture crops, the average

economy in gains not being sufficient

to pay for the cost of the forage

crops in the feeding of fall pigs of

the previous year. It may thus be

concluded that it will pay a very

good profit on the investment to pro-

vide a suitable summer pasture crop

for the spring pigs, to be supplement-

ed with a suitable grain ration, but

that the fall pigs which are being

fattened should be confined to amore

limited pasture range or be fed in a

dry lot with a suitable variety of

grain feeds supplemented with a little

alfalfa or clover hay if available.



The illustrations accompanying this

article show the thrifty appearance

of pigs pasturing on rape and peas

and oats. By a judicious combination

of suitable pasture crops and a prop-

erly selected grain ration, the pigs

can be kept growing thriftily from

the start, and will make their owners

more money if such provision is not

made for them. The crop used for

pasture and the method of growing it

should depend upon local conditions.

Ordinarily, rape sown broadcast, or

peas and oats sown alone or in com—1

bination with rape will prove most

valuable, or if only a small area is

available for a considerable number

of hogs, then it will pay to grow rape

in drills and cultivate as illustrated

herewith. In any event, it will pay

to provide a suitable pasture crop for

the pigs in a conveniently located

hog lot, if they cannot be run on a

clover or alfalfa pasture or in fields

of clover or alfalfa which will be cut

for hay.





In recent weeks cattle have devel-

oped a good deal of weakness in

prices, the consumption of beef hav-

ing fallen off materially, partly. no

doubt, on account of warmer weath-

er, partly because of the dearness of

beef and in part owing to the espe—

cially lessened use of all meats dur-

ing the Lenten season. Then the Ar-

gentine shipments of chilled and froz-

en beef to this country was naturally

an important factor, although un—

questionably its importance was much

exaggerated in some quarters, for

such importations fall greatly short

of making good the reduced produc-

tion of beef in recent years in the

United States. In the course of four

weeks such loadings in Buenos Aires

for New York were equivalent to 25,—

000 head of cattle. Warm weather is

expected to greatly check this move-

ment, and late arrivals will go large-

ly into cold storage warehouses. Ar-

gentine beef is inferior in quality to

our good domestic beef. and speci-

mens exhibited in the Chicago retail

meat markets met with a cool recep-

tion, sellers asking as high prices as

were current for choice home beef.

It appears that English dealers in

meat are greatly exercised over these

shipments of South American beef to

this country. England being largely

dependent on such beef and realizing

that the new outlet means much

higher prices.





I





 





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I gulf





til





II- ‘ -,)——-

”u'n=lio=>-7-‘





Adi-III





 





Outdoors for forgl years





painted once- carries five tons today





HEN Mr. Peter Kern, Jr. of Reese, Mich. bought a Studebaker





wagon, thirty-two years ago, the wagon had been working for eight





years. This means that. it has now been in use forty years.

A letter from Mr. Kern says:





“I bought my Studebaker from Henry Daley thirty-two years ago. The wagon





has never been housed—always out in the open air and has had but one cool:

of oint in the forty years. .

Ihuve used this wagon to haul sugar beets, four tons at a time, over country

roads. The material in the wagon is as hard as a bone.

In 1881 I bought more land, giving me a total of 340 acres. and my old wagon

with one other Studebaker I bought fifteen years ago, has done all the hauling.

I will guarantee my old Studebaker to deliver 5 tons (edgy. I am satisfied

that the Studebaker is the best form wagon in the country.





MADE OF THE RIGHT MATERIAL





This letter proves that Studebakers use

good paint on their wagons, but the real

reason for the long life of Mr. Kern's wagon

is the material underneath the paint. Nothing

but the best of everything is used in Stude-





baker wagons.





and others describe.





NEW YORK

MINNEAPOLJS





 





You can buy today a Studebaker_wagon

that will last you just as long and give you

just as faithful service as the wagons Mr. Kern





STUDEBAKER





CHICAGO

SALT LAKE CITY





life of a wagon that counts.





 





 





You may be offered a wagon represented

to be “just as good as a Siudebakcr"-—and "

at a lower price. Don't be fooled. It is the





Studebaker





wagons are the cheapest in the end.





Remember Studebakers have been build-





Buggies and Harness.





KANSAS CITY





DALLAS

SAN FRANCISCO





ing wagons for over sixty years and they

know how to build wagons that will last

longest and give the most satisfaction.



The some thing is true of Studebaker





South Bend, Ind.





DENVER

RE.





PORTLAND,





Adv . 2007





Studebakers last a lifetime





 





 





 





     

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





\ blanket.





7





ing. Why not. make more money?





SI[WAR'IS No.9 BALI-BEARING



will get you longer. better and more wool and take

it. on quickly and smoothly In one unbroken

To shear with the Stewart Machine

‘ seems like play to those who have labored with

' hand shears in the old. hard. sweaty way. You

., don't have the same swollen aching wrists.

You don’t scar and disflgure your sheep with

X uneven shearing and Spoil the wool with sec-

ond cuts as you used to do. The Stewart saves

all that and easily and quickly gets you more

‘ and better wool. Got one from your dealer.

or send us $2.00 and we will ship 0. 0. D. for

balance. Money back if not. pleased.





lief All the Wool





from your sheep. You lose 81

on every six you shear by the

old method. 15 to 20c more in wool

from every sheep is worth consider-





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

   





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section no
' 446—6





THE Mme... FARM. 1.





Are You Losing $2.25 Per





Cow Per Month?





 





ent herd





is slipping through your fingers—or rather, through your cream separator. ou're only



getting part of the cream out of the milk your cows give—because you don’t turn your

separator at the right speed so as to get all the butter-fat.



The maker of your cream separator has marked, right on your separator, the proper Speed



that it must be turned to have it give you the best results. But nobody can crank a separator





FROM 10% to 50% or the butter money you ought to be making out of your





right by “guess." The only way you can crank





it right is by using a Stewart Speed Indicator.





This accurate Speed Indicator is now being used by thousands of dairymen who are getting

from 1A, to 1A more butter-fat out of the same cream than they ever got before. The





Stewart Speed Indicator

for Cream Separators





is an instrument that goes on the separator and tells you at a glance exactly how fast you are





turning the crank handle.





. For instance, if it says on the handle of your separator that it should

be turned at “55 revolutions per minute,” then you watch the Stewart Indicator, and

just enough to keep the speed dial exactly at “55."





turning





That’s all there is to it. It is simple,





isn’t it? And yet it; means all the difference in the world to you, in what profits you get out of





your cream.





Some Typical Cream Losses





Tests made at Purdue Experiment Station





$524.10 in one year by turning his separator by ‘





showed that one dairyman with 20 cows lost

‘guesswork”,—-he found he was turning it about





1/2 the speed he thought he was turning it. Another dairyman with 8 cows writes that he lost

$18.50 in one month because be "guessed” wrong. He found he was turning his separator way





below what he should.





month.





money. We





Production





 





For sale by all hardware

and agricultural implement

dealers all over the world.





i Stewart-Warner Speedometer Corporation,

126 Diversey Blvd” Chicago. Ill.

Please send me, free, all your literature on Cream





These figures show a loss of about $2.25 per cow per

And there are thousands of dairymen today losing

that same $2.25 per cow per month. You are probably one

of them, but don’t realize it because no one has ever told

you. Do you want to? Can you afford to? .

four or five cows the Stewart Speed Indicator Will just about

pay for itself in one month.





Fits Any Separator—S 10





The Stewart can be easily and quickly attached to any

cream separator made and costs but $10 complete.

us the name of your separator. its number, and the year it

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that will fit your present separator.

then no extra crankshaft is necessary.)

dealer or from us.

your cream production, return it to the dealer and get your





If you have





Just tell





(If yours is a De Laval,

Order from your

Try it 30 days. If it does not increase





are willing to make this offer because we are





sure of just what this instrument will save you in cold cash.





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cream and butter losses and how to stop them. You need

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It tells some startling things about





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Steel Peml’orceds.l

THE FREE GUERNSEY BOOKLET contains

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CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





INFLUENCE OF COWS’ FEED ON

FLAVOR OF MILK. -





 





cently reported the result of expri-

ments to test the effect of oats on

the flavor of milk. These experi-

ments showed that oats do not have

the beneficial effect on the flavor of

milk which many dairymen believe.

But as corn and bran constituted the

ration tested against oats, the public

has gained the impression erroneous-

ly that the Department recommends

the feeding of corn and bran to im-

prove the flavor of milk. Of 50 opin-

ions expressed regarding the flavor

of the samples, 25 preferred the milk

from cows fed corn and bran. As 16

preferred the milk from cows fed

oats, and nine expressed no choice, it

does not appear that either ration

has any decided advantage over the

other. There can be no great supe-

riority in the bran and corn when

one-half of the opinions were either

indifferent or were in favor of ‘the

other milk. In View of these experi-

ments the Department does not rec-

ommend the feeding of bran and corn

to improve the flavor of milk. Oats,

corn, alfalfa hay. cottonseed meal,

linseed meal, bran, gluten and other

good feeds for dairy cows when prop-

erly fed in reasonable amounts, pro-

duce a fine-flavored milk, but there

is no substantial evidence that any

one of them is superior to any of the

others in this respect.



The relative prices of the different

feeds will determine in most cases

which are to be preferred in making;

up a ration for dairy cows.





GRAIN RATION FOR CORN SIL-

AGE AND ALFALFA HAY.





Will you balance me a ration for

grade Holstein and Durham cows

weighing from 1,000 to 1,200 lbs. and

giving from 20 to 40 lbs. of milk a

day? Am feeding all the first-class

ensilage and alfalfa hay they will eat

up clean twice a day.



Kalamazoo Co. C. M.





Theoretically. corn silage and good

alfalfa hay make a balanced ration so

far as the food nutrients are concern-

ed; that is, you can get Just about

the right proportion of protein and

carbohydrates. But this isn’t all there

is to a well balanced and efficient ra-

tion. A ration should be balanced

in two ways. It should have the right

proportion of the food nutrients and

it also should have a certain amount

of grain in proportion to the bulky

part of the ration. If you try feeding

a cow entirely on bulky food she

can’t do her best because she can’t

eat enough of it to get food nutrients

enough to produce a maximum flow

of milk. About one-third of the ra-

tion should be concentrates. Now if

this alfalfa hay, being very rich in

protein, balanced up the food nutri<

cuts in the corn silage, then what

we want to do is to furnish a grain

ration that contains the food nutri-

ents in about the same proportion in

this case as the bulky part of the

ration, and we can do that nicely by

feeding corn and oats ground togeth-

er and cottonseed meal. Corn and

oats do not contain a large enough

percentage of protein for a cow to

do her best, although they are both

good feeds, and you have to mix a

little cottonseed meal with'them. I

would recommend, therefore, that you

feed the cows two pounds of cotton-

seed meal per day and then feed a

sufficient amount of the corn and

oats to give each cow from three-

fourths to one pound of grain per

day for every pound of butter-fat that





 





The Department of Agriculture re-





' a woven wire





she produces in a week. 01'» feed a

pound of grain per day for every

three or four pounds of milk which

the cow produces. This will make a

balanced ration, a liberal one, and the

cows ought to produce a maximum

flow of milk.





 





HOW TO PREVENT COW FROM

PUTTING HEAD THROUGH

WIRE FENCE.





Kindly give me a humane and effi-

cient way to hamper a cow that has

the habit of reaching through a wire

fence, after a time causing the wires

to slack, then she will crawl through.



Montcalm Co. E. A. S.





The best way, of course, is to have

fence with six—inch

mesh. Then the cow can’t get her

head through and there will be no

trouble whatever. But if you have

the old-fashioned barb wire fence, or

a fence with a fool; mesh, or some-

thing of that sort, why you have to

do something else. The best way I

know of is to put a bull ring into the

cow’s nose and run a wire from the

bull ring to the tip of each horn and

fasten it. She will let the fence alone

for quite a long time, at least, and I

don’t think she will ever bother you

again.‘ This will not hurt the cow in

the least if she keeps away from the

fenc. If she goes to put her head

through the fence, the fence will

press down on these wires and pull

her nose, and she will quit.





 





 





RYE AND SAND VETCH FOR

SILAGE.





 





I intend to build a silo this spring

and want to fill it with sand vetch

and rye. Some tell me it will not

keep. I would like your advice.



Mecosta Co. W. H. B.





Rye and sand vetch are not good

crops to put into the silo, as rye is a

hollow-stemmed plant. This stem is

full of air and when it is put into the

silo you have got a large per cent of

all in proportion to the bulk of your

plant. Not only that but rye is rath-

er a dry plant. It doesn’t contain so

very much juice, even when it is put

in at the right time. Consequently

you» will get a greater degree of heat

and more fermentation with a great-

el' loss, even in the best silo, with

rye than you would with corn. Sand

vetch is a leguminous plant and will

work a little bit better, but my idea

would be to make the rye and sand

vetch into hay and cure it dry. This

can be done, and it comes at a time

of the year when one can do this

nicely. Then I would raise corn to

put into the silo and feed the corn

silage as a succulent food, and use

the rye and sand vetch hay with it

to very good advantage. You will

certainly get better results than you

will if these crops are put in the silo.





VALUE OF'A TON OF SILAGE—

HOW TO ESTIMATE ITS

WEIGHT.





 





How many tons of silage in a. silo

91/2 ft. in diameter and 10 ft. depth?

Silo is 26 ft. high and was filled full

last fall. Corn was a fair crop but.

was frosted before cut. What is-the

value of the silage and what could I

afford to pay for it, it being where I

won’t have to move it?



Hillsdale Co. R. J. N.



A cubic foot of silage, on the aver-

age, in a silo, will weigh about 40

lbs. It will weigh more towards the

bottom. In the bottom 10 feet of the

silo I should say it would be safe to

figure 50 lbs. to the cubic foot. Silage

is usually estimated to be of one-third

the value of timothy hay, three tons

of corn silage being worth as much

as one ton of timothy hay. In the

cow testing associations silage is usu-

ally charged to the cows at $3.50 per

ton. If the corn was only slightly out

with the frost I don’t think it lessen~

ed its feeding value very much. If it

was put into thesilo soon after it was

cut and there would be enough mois-

ture to keep it in good shape.





‘ APRIL 18: “its: 3"
APRIL 18, 1914.





HOLSTEIN BREEDERS AT GRAND

RAPIDS.





 





The West Michigan Holstein Breed-

ers’ Association held the last of a

series of three winter meetings at

Grand Rapids April 1, and a program

of interest to the cattle men was pre-

sented. Arthur Clarke, of Alto, the

new president, in his opening remarks

thanked the members for the honor

bestowed on him. He spoke of the

valuable work of Secretary Harper

and urged every member to do his

duty. President Clarke introduced a

phase of work that is really vital—

that of interesting the boys in pure-

bred cattle, and the remarks made by

Ex-President Willard, Secretary Harp—

er, C. F. Barnum, of Coats Grove, and

others along this line were very stim-

ulating. It is worthy of notice that

Messrs. Clarke, Willard, Harper and

others set an example by bringing

their boys along to attend this meet-

ing and while some of the boys are

small they remained throughout the

sessions and absorbed much good

from the talks.



M. W. Willard, of Kent county, has

160 acres and a herd of pure-bred

black and whites. He has three boys

and has given each of them a quar-

ter interest in thepersonal property

on the farm. The boys take more in-

terest now and give the stock better

attention. When company comes

they are eager to show them around

and to talk pedigree. Mr. Willard

and sons have lost some valuable ani-

mals through tuberculosis recently

but they are not quitters. The herd

has been placed under federal inspec-

tion.



Getting the Boys Interested.



“My three boys who are here to-

day,” said Secretary Harper, of Barry

county, “are still of school age, but

when through I hope that they will

come into the business with me. Our

boys will go on to greater success

than we can hope to attain, and it is

one way of solving the problem of

keeping boys on the farm.”



C. F. Barnum, a young breeder

who, with his brother, is making a

start at Coats Grove with Holsteins,

spoke of the profit side of the busi-

ness. The Barnum boys are M. A. C.

graduates, and state that they do not

know of any line of greater financial

promise to the young breeder than

that of raising Holsteins. It was

pointed out that old breeders are us-

ually glad to help the young man get

started and that bankers will do al-

most anything to help a decent fel-

low and a worker. It was stated that

a man cannot afford to raise anything

but thoroughbreds, even on a small

farm.



Profit in Marketing Milk.



Jason McElwain, of Barry county,

owner of a farm near Hastings, told

of his successful experiences with

black and white cattle. He supplies

market milk for the city and being

unable to get sufficient milk for his

trade, started his Holstein herd 18

months ago, investing $650 in three

females and a bull calf. The result

has been very profitable. Peter Buth

and Elmer McCoy, of Kent county,

gave impressive figures on the profit

side of Holstein raising. Mr. McCoy

has six boys and expects to make a

pure-bred cattle man of each one.



Exhibiting at the Fairs.



The afternoon session opened with

state fair talks by officials, who ask-

ed the co-operation of the breeders in

making the shows a success this fall.

President Brewer, of the West Mich-

igan Fair, urged the need of exhibits

from the farms rather than from the

stores of merchants, and it is the aim

to give the show the distinct coun-

try-flavor this year. J. Fred Smith,

of Byron, a member of the executive

board of the Michigan State Fair,

urged especially that the Holstein

people of the state should get togeth-

er and make a black and white show





in Detroit in September that will at-

tract nation-wide attention. He is en—

thusiastic with reference to the value

of advertising and points to wonder-

ful results that will come to Michigan

breeders if they will assemble an ex-

hibit of 300 to 400 cattle at the state

fair. The West Michigan breeders

who will show at the Grand Rapids

fair are discussing the plan of show-

ing also in Detroit this year.





The date of the third annual con—

signment sale of Holstein cattle by

West Michigan breeders is June 10,

the place is Comstock park, Grand

Rapids, and the auctioneer will be

C01. B. N. Kelley. F. D. Cutler, of

W'ayland, member of the sales com-

mittee, states that 68 to 70 head of

cattle have been pledged and that it

is a first-class lot of pure-breds, with

prospects bright for the sale.





Tuberculosis Discussion.



Dr. Frank Hays, of Detroit, field

man of the federal bureau, gave a

valuable talk on requirements in the

government supervision of herds in

controlling tuberculosis. It was shown

that the general aim is sanitation or

prevention and that in the case of

animals that react to the test, that

segregation or complete separation

from the rest of the herd is of vital

importance. A total to date of 23

members of the West Michigan Asso-

ciation have placed their herds under

federal supervision for the control

and eradication of tuberculosis and

Dr. Hays has begun his work in this

section of the state. A committee,

composed of M. W. Willard, E. W.

McNitt, and Peter Buth, was appoint-

ed to pay the expenses of Dr. Hays.

It was voted that each man whose

herd is under government inspection

shall pay $5 and an additional ten

cents for each animal tested, and un-

der this plan the burdens of the af—

flicted, so to speak, will be eased

somewhat. The extra expense of hav-

ing animals re—tested. or slaughtered.

will come out of the common fund.

“What is our asociation for, if not to

cooperate and help its members?” in-

quires Mr. Willard, who suggested

this plan.



There is still some opposition to

the present method of dealing with

tuberculosis, as shown by the re-

marks of H. H. Stroud. of Hopkins.

and others. They believe that the

treatment is too heroic and that the

burden placed on the cattle owner is

greater than he should bear.





Preventing Tuberculosis.



B. E. Hardy, of Owosso, who start

ed in the pure-bred Holstein business

with one cow 35 years ago, has avoidv

ed tuberculosis altogether. He uses

individual stalls and has never gone

outside for stock, except for young

bulls.



The association has been invited to

Long Beach Stock Farm, Gull Lake

again for its August picnic, but will

probably meet instead at one of the

parks in Grand Rapids because of





greater convenience in reaching the

same.

Kent Co.





ALMOND Gimrivicx.





SlLAGE FOR A SERVICE BULL.





 





Is there any harm in feeding en—

silage to a service bull; that is, will

it have any effect on not being sure

of producing calves?



Van Buren Co. A. G. H.





There is not the least bit of harm

in feeding silage to a service bull.

providing you don’t feed him too

much. You don’t want to feed a ser-

vice bull too much of anything so

that he gets excessively fat. He sim-

ply wants to be kept in good thrifty

condition. It won’t do to feed a ser-

vice bull as much silage as you would

a good dairy cow giving a good flow

of milk. A bull wants more of a main-

tenance ration. Fifteen pounds of

corn silage per day would do the bull

good instead of harm. He should have

a little grain besides.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





50.000 Branches and Local Agencies the World Over





 





 





 

 





 





\





 

 





   

 





,, 7/ , . -





CREAM SEPARATORS





are the cheapest

as well as the best





LOOK AHEAD!

DON’T TRY TO SAVE $10.00 TODAY IF IT MEANS A LOSS

of :25 cents a day for all the years a cream separator may last you.





THAT’S JUST WHAT YOU WILL DO IF YOU BUY A CHEAP

or inferior separator simply because its first price is a little less

than that of the De Laval. ‘



WHEN A PRUDENT MAN BUYS A CREAM SEPARATOR

he knows that what he is really paying for is not just so much

iron, steel, brass and tin, whether it is called a separator or not.



WHAT HE WANTS IS A MA-

chine to perform acertain service, and

he must be sure of the machine doing

the work for which it is intended as

thoroughly and with as little effort

and care as possible on his part.





THOUSANDS OF BABCOCK AND

other tests have proved

that the De Laval skims

closer than any other

cream separator under

any conditions and par-

ticularly under the hard-

er conditions always

experienced at times.





JUST THINK WHAT A

loss of as little as 10

cents worth of cream at

each skimming means

to you in a year—twice

a day for 365 days

over $70.00, and. with

as many as ten cows

the cream losses alone

from an inferior sepa—

rator usually amount to

more than this.



CREAMERYMEN, WHO ARE DEPENDENT ON THEIR SEPA-

rators for business success, have long since found out the difference

between De Laval and other separators, with the result that De

Laval factory separators are almost universally used the world

over today.



DE LAVAL SEPARATORS ARE IDENTICAL IN ALL SIZES,

for one cow or a thousand, and the difi'erences between separators

are just the same with the smallest machine and the largest. ll





 

 

 

 

   





 





 





   





 





l hills,





4/‘\





w l





 

   

 





 





They mean as much relatively to the little as the big user.





THEN THERE IS A SAVING IN LABOR BECAUSE OF TIIE EASIER

running and greater capacity of the De Laval over other machines and the

less care required in cleaning and adjustment, worth at least 10 cents a day.



AND THERE IS THE INDI’Sl-‘l’TABLE FACT THAT A DE LA \'.~\ L

machine lasts from ten to twenty years as against an average of from twa to

five years in the case of other separators, or five times the average life i

of competitive machines. i



THESE ARE THE REASONS \VHY DE LAVA L SEI’ARATt )RS Allli

cheapest as well as best, why thousands of other machines are yearly

being replaced with De Lavals and why their use is rapidly becoming as

universal on the farm as in the creamery.



IT SliOl’lJ) BE REMEMBERED, MOREOVER, THAT IF FIRST'COST

isaserious consideration a De Laval Separator may be bought on such

liberal terms that. it will actually save and pay for itself, as many thousands

of them have done.



These are all fact: every Do Laval local agent is glad of

the opportunity to prove to any prospective buyer.



If you don’t know the nearest De Laval agent simply

write the nearest main office. as below.





The De Laval Separator C0.





nos BROADWAY, NEW YORK





 





 





29 E. MADISON ST., CHICAGO





 





 





 





r

¢





 





 





,a-

,-





171973111er





BV T8110 LIKEAJU





Enoila o can't spoil In the B. V. T. through cracks or

leaky (finite auto thou or. none

View 0 the 3'. V. 1'. Block. I Study the end





   





.1





y, The double inside and outside wall: five a perfect seat for cement. absolutely





' _' seal the .vertical joints and prevent air aka. Its four walls '

give solid construction. that is oun-prool.oIr-proof.lroot-prool,umo~::got;:giied¥{r:h:gboei





B_ V. 1'_ SILOS ARE STEEL nzluroncso





AND FULLY GUARANTEED . ,1



Mode 01 the finest Brazil glazed. vitrified fire-clay. as permanent as the everlasting hills. ,

A'ny mpoon cop greet It. Once up, it will stand for centu- / 7‘

1:188 Without painting, patching. repairing or other attention. .



We have just issued an interesting book of silo facts. It Io FREE. Send [or lookld G .





BRAZIL HOLLOW BRICK AND ‘I'ILE COMPANY. BRAZIL. INDIANA;

-‘ J
”THE MICHIGA





lWiLL GUARANTEE

To INCREASE Your?





llillllllilllillilllll:





 





5





NE of the most interesting ex-

hibits at the recent apple show

at the Agricultural College, was

an apple map prepared by several of

the horticultural students. The map

is shown in the accompanying cut.

The figures used were obtained from

the last United States census report,

and are the latest official information

published by the government. As the

statement on the map indicates, each

dot represents 100,000 apple trees. If

a county was credited with 100,000

trees one dot was placed in it; if it

had double that number, two dots

$1.277 ,9. ”89"“ cm were used, etc.

MIMI? 01;} ENE}, There are several interesting les-

9:4” ' 'Thffiffig’gfi‘ , , sons which may be learned from the

I?! h'M,,,;'gfi;-§~ ' . map. Perhaps the chief one of these

- " OHM-a0- ‘ is the enormous number of trees east

of the Rocky mountains, as compared

with the number west of the moun-





.‘1.





I can do this very easil it you will

follow the advice in my REE BOOK

“ y. flow seal When to Sony."



Contains 74 illustrations of insects and

fungus pests and gives the remedy that has

proven successful in preventing their deadly

work. EXperiment Station reports are given

showing the results in dollars and cents. Also

shows the complete line of our famous





HURST SPRAYERS





for field and orchard—28 diflerent styles and

sizes. Sold on 10 days free trial with 5-year

guarantee. No money in advance—no freight

m pay—and you can have your own time to pay.

Write me today for my

Free Book and Money Saving Offer

This is msde to the first buyer in esch locality.

Write st once and be first—tell me what size

“player you need or what you have to sprsy

_ and I will send the

sud special





t





 





 





N FARME'R“





3’ llIIIli|lIIllllllHililIllllillliiililllllillillllIlliiiliiflllIillllllillllllllllllllllllllil|lllillIIilllililllllllliiillllllllllIlllillllIlllillllllllliilllllliillll|ililililllIllllliliiiIlllllllliiillllillllIlilillillhiillillillllllllHllllllliiilllliE '





. . p E.

Horticulture. .

fil|||llllillllillillllilllillllllllillliilliillliiiilllllllllililiillllilllIiillIiIlillillllliilliillillilllillliillliiillliilllllil|lillliiillllllllililllllliliillllllilllllllllilllliiillllilllllllllilllilliIlllililiillllIlilllllililllilllllllllllllll”HE





Where the Apples Grow.





 





on the map. These are northwestern

Arkansas, northwestern Missouri and

adjoining portions of Kansas and Ne-

braska, southern Illinois, southern

Michigan, eastern Ohio and portions

of West Virginia and' Pennsylvania,

the eastern slope of the Appalachian

Mountains, and last, but by no means

least, western New York, particularly

the southern shore of Lake Ontario.

The New England states still have a

large number of trees, although they

are quite uniformly distributed.



The large area in northwestern Ar.

kansas covers Benton and Washing-

ton counties, which easily lead the

entire country in the number of

trees, the former with 2,465,870, and

the latter with 1,793,645. There are

nine other counties which have over

half a million trees each. These coun-

ties are Santa Cruz county, Califor-

nia; Marion county, Illinois; Greene

and Webster counties, Missouri;





 





, tains. Have you ever heard of Alle-

gan, or Van Buren, or Berrien county





Ali-SENATE 0i LEAD





IS death to all leaf-eating insects.

Byits use you can

Save your fruit, vegetables, potatoes,

berries, truck gardens.

HIGHEST QUALITY



Not always lowest in price but

cheapest in the end. 15 years’ ex~

perience back of this post destroyer.

Take no other brand but insist on

receiving





SWIFT’S





The pioneer, high quality arsenate of lead





Eon SALE BY LEADING DEALERS

Write for our Apple Book.





MERBIMAB BHEMIGAL 80.





36-ABROAD ST., BOSTON, MASS.





 





 





 





 





apples? And yet each of these coun-

ties has practically the same number

of trees as the Hood River Valley,

which is known over the entire world

for its apples. Advertising is one of





the chief causes of this fame, and it



may prove to be a method for obtain-

Guaranteed99%pureandfreefromdodder. Wedonot ing better prices and markets for

handle’l‘urkestanor“DwarfAlfalfa"andoflernothing Michigan fruit.





but the very best qualit at extremely moderate prices.

Can usual] furnish iinsas. Nebraska, Montana or East Of the Rockies there are seven

quite distinct apple regions indicated





 





 





 





 





Dakota an Grimm seed. Sixty dollars worth of hay

per acre is only a moderate yield with our seeds.





 





"" 3-? MTV





£11000 I”? i? lit}





 





Map Showing Distribution of Apple Trees.





Monroe, Niagara, Orleans, and Wayne

counties, New York: and Ashtabula

county, Ohio.



Of the states, Missouri leads with

14,359,673, and New York is second

with 11,248,203. The remaining large

producers are: Illinois, 9,900,627,

Ohio, 8,04,886; Pennsylvania, 8,000,-

456; Arkansas, 7,650,103; Michigan,

7,534,343; Virginia, 7,004,548; Kansas,

6,929,673.——P. R. Taylor.





For grain, hay. silage or .

SOY BEANS fertilize" ““9 91““ ”9' liiililliliilllllllllliiiillliillllilllllillilllilliiliilIlllllllllillllilllllllllilllilllillIlliilllillllilllllllliiilllllllllllilllllillilllliililllillll|HllllllllillllllliiliillllllllillliillllliilIlliillilllliilllllillillillllililiiillllllllllllllllllilllllill

comes more important





each year. We have tested

all of the promising ones from several hundred

Government im ortatlons, and we _ofler only those

best adapted to t e corn-belt condition: Our stocks

have been bred up by plant selection untilthey greatly

excel the common stocks of the same variety.





WIHE’S GARBEN MID FLOWER SEEDS





HILE Michigan stands only

are receiving the same careful attention that has





b about seventh in the number

fi»ld . d. fimrns and are of the his; est; , , ‘ .

(liiiaatlgtylthatccanshg groduceid. Writefor free catalog. Of apple trees Wlthln hel b01-





wme sEEo co., sex 342 chusmcseune. o. ders, she would show a much better

standing if the number of barrels of

~ For- a good apples produced were consider-

Y Better ed. Some of the southern states.

ahead of her in the list above shown,





ik ithwi have thousands of apple trees which

.fa tasteamcanwe .w ason . _ _

gEllla'ltl'ylillllloglvfislg'ayes;.Adjustsforwide:indnarrow are given practically no attention.

rows. Bothwheelsdrilvewheeis.mgkfhnflm. Therefore, as apple producing states

:07;;S:mfaa igufifiamfififi' they should be heavily discounted.

'9 0 P n . When it comes to the opportunity





The De artment of ‘Of making the most of what she has

Sgiizifimt‘fleci-ogié in the apple line, there is no‘ state

"f “ ma““’““‘ “0" that can equal Michigan, and if this





of] red clover in 01113 1

acre of round contains as muc nitrogen as wou -

be added to the soil by an application of 7 tons of State (1.085 nOt heafi “.19 hSt 0f app 9

barnyard manure, the soil contains acid a producmg states, It 18 because the

maximum crop of clover cannot_ be grown. . _ .

Our Pulvorlxed lee Stone wtll remove .acidity frillt growers 1n the state have not

from the soil. Be sure and see our analysis. Get

our prices and free samples before buying. taken full advantage of the opportu-

nities offered them. There is no state





GUS. F. SMITH. 00., lno.. Detroit. Mlch-

which has better soil and climatic





Busrlel crates conditions for the growing of apples





Knocked Down, of quality and appearance than Mich-

Na“ "mm ’°“"°"' igan, and no state as well located





Save Money. with reference to the market centers





Best STANDARD CRATE .

made to nest 3 to bundle, as this.





"0 ”"m' It, therefore, behooves Michigan

“mm": Gonna" to. growers to come to the full realiza-



Romeo. Michigan. . . .

tion of their opportunities. Those





1 ” ad. in the Michl an '

JIISt Say figégghen mm“ sdvertisgers who are growing good fruit should





Potato Crop





 

 

 

   

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Michigan’s Apple Opportunity.





 





pack fruit good and then advertise so

that others may know that good fruit

is grown and packed in Michigan.

Those who have good orchards and

are not taking care of them are let-

ting opportunities slip by, and really

from a community standpoint, may

justly be accused of criminal neglect.

because their neglectd orchard is a

detriment to the state as well as to

themselves.



And lastly, Michigan fruit growers

should distribute more of the brother-

ly love among themselves, and get

together for counsel with each other.

The local and the state horticultural

societies offer excellent opportunities

for this purpose. It is certain that

some sort of co-operative understand-

ing is necessary before Michigan can

hope to attain her proper standing

among the apple producing states of

the Union. Although we generally do

not realize it, this is a thing which

concerns each and every fruit grow-

er, even from a selfish standpoint.





In justice to the man from whom

you buy trees or plants, use care in





heeling them in if they are not set





when received.





APRIL 18, .1914“;

FUNGiClDAL‘ VALUE OF SPRAY

MATERIALS.





-.___..__.





Interesting work has been done by





the Maine Experiment Station with





the common fungicides. The work

was mainly done to determine the

value of lime-sulphur and Bordeaux

mixtures as fungicides, and with ref-

erence to fruit and foliage injury.





They found that Bordeaux mixture





was the best fungicide of the two, but ,





that in a great many cases the rus-

seting caused by the Bordeaux more

than overcome the beneficial effect it

had as a fungicide. It was found es-

pecially bad on the Ben Davis, often

causing russety protuberances on the

apples.

Results with Lime-Sulphur.



Lime-sulphur, one-fifth stronger

than the standard summer dilution,

or about one and one-quarter gallons

to 50 of water, gave very good results

as a fungicide although not quite as

good as the Bordeaux. In comparison

to the Bordeaux it showed very little

leaf injury and therefore produced a

much larger percentage of salable

fruit.



The effect of the two sprays on the

foliage was also noticed, and in this

respect Bordeaux also did much more

damage than the lime-sulphur. It was

so serious in one orchard of Bald-

wins and Ben Davis that it had to be

discontinued. In five consecutive

years they had Bordeaux injury on

the foliage to some extent to contend

with. Outside of occasional burnings

where the mixture was applied too

strong, the lime-sulphur produced no

injury.



Fungicidal Value of Arsenate of Lead.



The fungicidal value of arsenate of

lead was also tested and it was found

that about two pounds of the dry ar-

senate of lead, or four pounds in the

paste form, gave a fungicidal effect

almost equal to that of the standard

dilution of lime-sulphur, with the us-

ual amount of lead added. The state:

ment was made that it was not be-

yond the range of probability that ar-

senate of lead could be used as a

summer fungicide and give results

with the least amount of fruit and

foliage injury. The only injury not~

ed was very slight, and on the fol-

iage only. It was thought that this

was due to the killing out of scab

spots on the foliage by the lead. The

possible program for spraying sug~





gested was lime-sulphur or Bordeaux





for a dormant fungicidal spray, and

then about four pounds of lead to 50

gallons for the remaining summer

sprays. It was suggested that this

would do away with foliage and fruit

injury, as they had found that Bor-

deaux injury was caused by the lat-

ter sprays. This is not in accord with

experiments and experience in this

state, as Bordeaux injury was found

possible from any and all of the

sprays, including the one before the

blossoms.





 





MANURING YOUNG TREES.





 





The common practice of using sta-

ble manure in planting fruit trees.

cannot be recommended. When a

tree is planted its activity should be

the development of a strong and ex-

tensive root system. If large amounts

of fertilizer are placed around the

roots of a tree, the root growth will

naturally not be so extensive as un-

der normal conditions because there

will be no necessity of its searching

far for sustenance, and when the sup-

ply of food materials provided at





planting by the addition of stable





manure is exhausted, the root system

will not have grown sufliciently to

secure food enough to keep up nor-

mal conditions in the growihg tree.

What was done with the idea of help-

ing the tree will thus only serve to

retard its growth.





 





 





 





Mp.
APRIL 18, 191‘4.





TROUBLE DEPARTMENT.



Too Much Growth on the Peach



Trees.



What can I do with my three-year-

old peach trees? The crown grows

so dense every year that no sun or

air can get through. Some say that

plums, peaches and cherries must not

be pruned. I have t1in1n1ed them

some every year, but they have such

rank growth that they fill as full of

bianches in one season as though

they had not been trimmed.



Leelanau Co. J. O.



Undoubtedly your peach trees are

on quite rich soil or you have fertil-

ized them too much. Heavy pruning

will also tend to produce considera-

ble wood growth.



I would suggest that you prune

lightly, cutting out the weak laterals

and heading back the new growths

slightly. Cultivate less than you have

and cease cultivation early in the sea-

son, say about the first of July. At

that time sow to some non-legume

cover crop; rye would be good if it

is turned under before it gets too

high in spring. Do not fertilize in

any way. If you can not stop exces-

sive growth that by treatment, growing

a crop of corn, tomatoes or melons

should be resorted to to get some of

the excessive fertility out of the

ground.



Often young trees make quite large

growth but after they come into hear-

ing the growth is brought down to

normal. Do everything to encourage

early bearing. The treatment sug-

gested above will tend to do that.





It is a mistaken notion that plums

and peaches should not be pruned.

With peaches, good fruit cannot be

grown without pruning. Cherries are

often grown quite well without prun-

ing but an occasional pruning when

the tops get too thick will benefit

them.





Alfalfa in the Orchard.



I have an orchard of about three

acres, plowed last fall. \Vould like to

seed it to alfalfa this spring. I will

drag it good and smooth. Three years

ago I got a big eiop of mammoth (lo-

ver from it. \Vould it be all rig ht to

seed this spring?





Kent Co. A. E.

From the alfalfa standpoint, it

would undoubtedly be all right to





seed the orchard to it this spring. Be

sure that you have the seed bed in a

good state of cultivation. Also apply

lime to the soil and use some source

of inoculation and you will very like-

ly have success with the alfalfa. As

to whether you will have success

with the orchard, it is a matter of

some doubt. From the orchard stand-

point the practice you mention is not

a good one. The alfalfa roots go quite

deep and can not help but draw. con-

siderable moisture from the trees.

The matter of moisture is of consid-

erable importance in the raising of

fruit, as the fruit is over 90 per cent

water. The practice of growing any

crop in the orchard and cutting it for

hay is not good orchard practice, for

after taking off the moisture and

plant food in the form of hay, ground

is left hard and in condition for

what moisture there is left in the soil

to escape. Growing cultivated crops

in the orchard would be preferable

to hay crops.



In young orchards hay crops are

sometimes grown successfully and

without injury to the trees. The tree

rows are cultivated and the width of

the cultivate space widened as the

trees grow. The objection to this

method‘ is the likely neglect of wid-

ening the cultivated space according

to the requirements of the trees.





The matter is for you to decide as

to whether you want apples or alfal-

fa. If you want the latter you might

as well out the trees down so that

they will not be in the way in the

alfalfa field.





 





A good grafting wax can be made

from one part tallow, two parts bees-

wax and four parts rosin. These can

be mixed by heating.





THE MI‘CHI





“Give me a





GAN FARMER





quart of oil”





. 7711's careless request may bring costly penalties





 





FRICTION-DRAG





 





One of the surest ways to invite fric-

tion-drag and motor trouble is to say,

Give me a quart of oil. "





“ GIVE ME A QUART OF OIL ”

invites Loss of Power





You can get full compression—com-

plcte power——only by using oil whose

body suits your motor.



Correct body IS seldom secured by say-

ing, “Give me a quart of oil. "





“ GIVE ME A QUART OF OIL "

invites Scored Cylinder Walls





Scoring frequently results from oil of

low lubricating quality.



Too often the blame can be traced

straight to “Give me a quart of oil.”





“GIVE ME A QUART OF OIL "

invites Wear of Bearings





Bearings differ in type and size.



For every oil that suits your motor

bearings, you will find many which will

cause undue friction.



An almost sure start toward bearing-

trouble 15, “Give me a quart of oil."





“GIVE ME A QUART OF OIL"

invites Carbon Deposit





Guesswork won't eliminate this trou-

ble.



Suppose the body is too light for the

piston clearance. The oil then works

too freely into the combustion cham—

bers. In burning, excess carbon accu-

mulates—unless the oil's ash is light

and naturally expelled through the

exhaust.



An easy road to carbon trouble is,

“Give me a quart of oil.”





“GIVE ME A QUART OF OIL ”

increases Maintenance Cost



If the oil's qualify is low, more Of it is

necessary to maintain a film.



If its body is incorrect,you have in—

complete protection for moving parts.



In either case excessive

friction-drag results. Feweri

miles are obtained from eachl

gallon of gasoline. Your.

fuel and repairAbillanountl





DETR orr '- N EW





I70 ni Bid 1:.





BOSTON





BRANCHES: 49 Federal St.





 





Comb Foundation.

etc. “o sell e1erything for the

bees. Also Bees and Quiens. Cam

Beeswax Wanted.





NEW STRAWBERRY





Nearly 100 Varieties to Select From.





We guarantee our plants to be high— grade and

equal to 11111. Our 18th annual natalogue l8 readn

“rite for one.





THE FLANSBURGH & POTTER COMPANY.

BOX 354, - LESLIE, MICHIGAN.

SEE” can The variety that. has



brou ht Wisconsin with-





in the corn belt. Heaviest yiel ins early corn in

existence. Has .1 iel‘ded 133 per acre in Wisconsin.

Breeding this variety my specialty. Get. the best.

Also clover. alfalfa and timothy. All seeds State

Inspected. Circular and samples.





HENRY MICHELS, R. 7, Malone,Wls.





Look! Read and Save Money





We have a. big Stock of Agile. Peach. Pear. Cherry.

5: Plum trees. at 30¢ dug ado trees Berry hints.

Roses. Sh rub a, Etc. eed Corn. Potatoes £03113.

We were formerly at Moscow. but have better facili-

ties now to serve our Patrons. send for Catalogue





ERNST NURSERIBS. Box 2. Elton. Ohio.

FOR SALE‘fif‘lmf'éEthS BARLEY

recleoncd for seed. H.L COLE. Palmyra. Mich.





PEACH TREES, Orchard Size.4 8 Sc each





Elberto, etc. New catalog free of all kinds of nursery





 





 





-—-GOLDEN GLOW





 





 





 





 





nook. W. A. ALLEN & SONS. Geneva. Ohio.





 





29 Broadway





BEE mvrs, srcnons, Binnvc BASKETS





M. H. HUNT &.80N. Box 525 LANSING, MIGH.





How to secure the correct oil

for your car





Do not say, ”Give me a quart of oil."





You want an oil whose body is correct

and whose qua/in) 15 best suited to the

requirements of your motor.





Arlfor that oil and get it.





At the right we print, in part, our Chart

of Automobile Recommendations.





This Chart was prepared by a company

whose authority on scientific lubrication is

recognized throughout the world—the

Vacuum Oil Company.





It was prepared after a careful analy-

sis of the motor of each make and model

of American and fore1gn car.





Make anote of the grade of Gargoyle

Mobiloil specified for your car in this

chart. Then make sure that you get it.





In buying Gargoyle Mobiloils, it is

safest to purchase in original barrels, half-

barrels, and sealed five-gallon or one‘

gallon cans. Look for the red Gargoyle

on the container.





On request we will mail a pamphlet

on Lubrication of Automobile Engines.

It describes in detail the common engine

troubles and gives their causeand remedies.





grades of Gargoyle Mobilolla,

purified to remove free carbm ale: Gargoyle

Mobiloil ‘ A, Gargoyle Mobiloil “B, ”

Gargoyle Mobiloil “E,” Gargoyle Mobiloil

”Arctic." They can be secured from reliable

garages. automobile supply houses, hardware

stores. and others who supply lubricants.





The various





For information kindly ad liess any inquiry to





our office nearest y ou.





 





M b '1 '15

up. ' A_graa’e for eat/z type of motor





VACUUM OIL CO., Rochester, U. S. A.





Specialists in the manufacture of high-grade lubricants for every class of machinery.

Obtainable everywhere in the world.





INDIANAPOLIS

Indiana Pythian Bldg.





YORK CHICAGO





Fisher Bldg.





PHILADELPHIA

4th 1! Chestnut Sis.





andc

Semi for price RlisAtjr “8 81311200

Wax-lined Paper Berry Baskets

for $1 post paid.





 





Real Northern Grown Seed Potatoes





BUELL’S RUSSET RURALS





Diseasefree; blight resisting: scab resisting: line eat-

ing; high vielding.G-ro11n on Maplowood Farm. Write





DORE l). BUELL,§Elmlra, Ostego County, Mich.

Good as Gold Alfalfa.





"Northern grown Also S11 eat and other clo1ors.

Cow Peas. in fact a. full line of Farm and Garden

Wffisl Fighest finglity. kPriccd to sane you monev.

o esa 0 price a or as 1

A. II. FOSTER. \LLEGAN. MICHIGAN





SEED HAT





Select. Reoleaned.





 





——Garton No. .‘1 Oats 20" ,a more

yield, 100 $8 stiller straw and 10

days earlier than Reg. Swo.

free from smut. it"; cts. bu.



Baas free. Free sample. Also late Petoskey setd

tatnes. Blight [gr-(10f. free from scab. 75-11 per bu.

388 free. SOHRISTIANSEN, Coral, Mich.





FOR SALE—Seed Oats, Alexander. A New

Variety. lastt1ear nield 64%.



Weight 37 lb Tree variety Still“ st raw. $1 per bu.



Sacks free. J. T WE E.KS Napoleon Mi(higan.





SEED POTATOES--The Horticultural Division of the

Mich. Experiment Station hasacurplusof Sir-Walter

Raleigh seed potatoes for sale. Price Slnbu. .. . B

Lans‘ng. Mich. Money must accompany order. Address

Horticultural Di1islon. East Lansing. Michigan.





HITE CAP DENT SEED CORN. fire dried. 98%

germination, I2. 50 fit bushel shelled. bags free.

ALFADALE FAR . St. Johns. Michigan.





Strawberry FBEEE Send address and gel: 25 fine.

Everboarin Strawberry Plants

free. Dept. 39. MUTUAL NURSERY 00..St.Louls.Mo.





 





 





 





Correct Lubrication -





Explanation: In the schedule. the letter opposite

the car indicates the grade of Gargoyle Mobiloil

that should he used. For example: "A" means

uGargoyle Mobiloil A." "Arc.“mcans uGargoyle

Mobiloil Arciic." For all elcctric vehicles use .

Gargoyle Mobiloil"A.” The recommenda ions cover

both pleasure and commercial vehicles unless other-





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





,

3 . .

1>>>§>>>>>

>

a





>

a

b

'1

>

3





 





=1

>.

“35%





wise noted.

noon 0! 19111 1911 1912 1913 191.

E 1 a ' 1 ° 1 1

ems i E. ." E i 5 .51

.3, B 3 ~B n B B B

A" , 1 A..- Arr Am.

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Stationary Gas Engines—For all ty pes

of small gas and oil engines use Gai-

goyle Mobiloil “A” the year 'round.

During very warm weather Gargoyle

Mobiloil "B" is most economical from 9

H.P. up.



Tractors—Gargoyle Mobiloil ffB ."meetu

every requirement of tractors.



Mobilu bricant— The Grease m (/1: Handy

Package—\iobilubricant is .1 highly efficient

all- round grease, for the pouer—

transmitting parts of an :Iuto-

mobile. lts tin of patented de—

sign enables you to feed—in the

grease without muss or bother.

Sold in 1 and 3-pound tins.





PITTSBURGH

Farmer's Bank Bid 1:.





AIINNEAPOLIS

Plymouth Bldg.





—Not by the million. but the



finest stock grown. Free



from disease and true to



name. DAlso other fruit trees at. Granger prices.

G. BANKER.D11n1-11llle. N I.





 





SOY BEANS—Northern gronn. Ito San earliest

known standard variety. $368” bushel.



81'11 for inoculation and full directions. (Gull-i per

bushel extra. KEN WAHL FA RM. Swanton. Ohio.

SEED COR —Mi(~h. Yellow Dent. home.

grown, fire dried. tested.





Golden Fleece and Reg. Swedish Select Oats. Send

for sample and circular. F.A. Byuatcr. Memphis,Mich.





——1000 bus. 1912 (rop Imp. Early

seed cornL Learning Reid's Yellou Dent;

and White Cap. Finest quality. germination perfect.

82 per bu. Catalog free. ’I'IHZO. HITR’I‘ & SONS. Mclrose.0.





SEED OATS—Regeneratcd Swedish Select stiff



straw beau \ielder. free, from smut.

prime stock reoleaned. $1 per bu.. fldl. ks free. W rite

for sample. Alsof lreen Mountam Potatoes 1 igorous

gro11er.good vielder, quite free from blight. 750 per

bu. , sac ks free. Colon O. Lillie. Coopersvillc. Mich.





—Ohoice recleaned



SENSATION OATS.



per bu. .ure heavy



and yield 11'11ll.J.A. STARR. Royal Oak. Mich





SEED CORN—High grade. prize winning 1:1riety.

Satisfaction guaranteed.

JESSE W. PIOKETT. Caledonia. Michigan.





 





 





 





—S W

Selected Sued Potatoes 335.3323 ““v‘vegfi‘; 3;”.‘3i

prices. Stuart. Acres Fruit Farms, Marshall. Mich.

Get our catalog. new system.

sold by actual “eight. 20:3

times more seeds for same

money. W. A. ALLEN &SON. Geneva. Ohio.

‘snn‘aus "001’ ~btrong Two Year Old Roots

of the follow 111 varieties;

Bonvalent Argentuil. Oonover’s Oolossa Palmetto.

STUART ACRES FRUIT FARMS. Marshall. Mich.

SWEET SEED. pure white and biennial

yellow. Prices and circular how





CLOVER ass; ta“1%.’i“.‘iat..tf°’x°§f
450—10

The Michigan Farmer

Established 1843.





The Lawrence Publishing Co.





Editors and Proprietors.





39 to 45 Congress St. West. Detroit. Michigan.

TELEPHONE MAIN 4620.





NEW Yon OFFICE-41 Park Row. _

CHICAGO Prion—601 Advertising Building.

CLEVELAND OFFICE—10114015 Oregon Ave., N. E.





 





 





M, J. LAWRENCE,............................President

M. L. LAWRENCE ...................... Vice-President

E. H. llOUGHTON..........................Sec.-Tress.

I R. 'ATERBURY .......................... 1 '

BURI‘WERMUIH Associate

F. A. \VILKEN ...? ditors.

ALTA LAWSON LITTELL .................





 





E. H. HOUGHTON..................Business Manager





 





TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:

One year. 52 issues ................................ 50 cents





Two years, 104 issues............... . . .............$l.0ll

Three year 155 issues.... .... ... .... ........1.25

Five years. issues.. .............2.00





All sent postpaid.



Canadian subscriptions 600 a year extra for postage

Always send money by draft. postoflice money order,



registered letter or by ex ress. We will not be re.



sponsible for money sent in letters. Address all oom-



munications to. and make all drafts checks and post-



oflice orders payable to. the Lawrence Publishing 00,





WE GUARANTEE to stop THE MICHIGAN

FARMEB immediatl upon expiration of time sub-

scribed for. and we wi I pay all expenses for defending

any suit, brought ainst any subscriber to The Mich-

igan Farmer by t e publisher of any farm paper,

which has been sent after the time ordered has expl red,

providing due notice is sent to us. before suit is started





 





 





RATES OF ADVERTISING.



40 cents for line agate type measurement. or $5.60

per inch ( 4agate lines or inch) each insertion. No

adv't inserted for less t an $1.20 per insertion: No

objectionable advertisements inserted at any rice,



Entered as second class matter at the etroit.

Michigan. postoflioe. Copyright 1914.





DETROIT, APRIL 18, 1914.





 





 





 





CURRENT COMMENT





 





In another

column 0 f

this issue ap-

pears the

first section of an article describing

the work which is being undertaken

by the Farm Management Depart

ment of the Michigan Agricultural

College, which is conducted in co-op-

eration with the United States De-

partment of Agriculture. This arti-

cle, which will be completed in the

next issue, is intended to inform the

readers with regard to the general

plan under which this work is being

undertaken, and the steps which are

necessary on the part of the interest

ed farmers of any county to partici-

pate in its immediate and direct ben-

efits. It is probable that the Farm

Management studies which are being

conducted in the counties already or-

ganized for this work will prove the

source of information which will be

of general value to the farmers of the

state, but to secure the greatest com-

munity value from the work, it is, of

course, necessary to employ a. county

adviser, which can only be done un-

der the present plan through the in-

fluence of a,local organization and

the financial backing of the county it-

self or of interested citizens who will

contribute to its success.





Farm Management and

Field Studies.





In a considerable number of coun-

ties already organized and in which

this work has been in progress dur-

ing the past year, the majority of the

farmers have apparently taken less

interest in the proposition than its

importance warrants. In some of

these counties the work has been al-

most entirely supported by the busi-

ness men, so far as the providing of

necessary funds is concerned. Their

interest in the public welfare thus

exhibited is to be commended, inas-

much as any financial benefit which

they may be able to gain from this

work will be indirect, since the farm-

ers must first benefit from it before

any advantage can accrue to them.

On the other hand, a degree of con-

servatism on the part of farmers re-

garding this work is but natural, un-

til it has been demonstrated in a

practical way that practical beneficial

results will accrue from it.





Now that the work has been in

progress for a year in a number of

Michigan counties, there should be

some evidence of valuable work ac-

complished and some promise of

more valuable future results, if it is

of sufficient promise to make its gen-

eral adoption throughout the state a





» T 1:1 E T' M i 0 HI G AN FA RMER





profitable investment for those engag-

ed in Michigan agriculture. It is our

purpose to study this work in some

detail during the coming season, with

a view of giving our readers, so far

as it may be possible, an accurate

idea of the nature of the Work al-

ready done, and the results which

have accrued in some of the counties

where farm management work has

been in progress during the past

year. In the meantime, it will profit

every reader to carefully review the

articles above mentioned, setting

forth the plan under which the work

is now being conducted.



In a recent issue, the





Farm Cost Ac- desirability of keep-





counts. ing some form, of

cost accounts upon

the farm, was made the subject of





editorial comment. On the first page

of this issue will be found an article

on the subject of profitable summer

pasture for the pigs, in which the re-

sults of carefully kept cost accounts

in pig feeding experiments conduct-

ed at a middle western experiment

station are given. The facts present-

ed show conclusively the advantage

of having accurate data upon this

subject, which fortunately is one up-

on which data of this kind will give

a fair general idea of the relative

profit in different methods of pig

feeding upon the average farm. Such

cost accounts as applied to the grow-

ing of general farm crops, however,

are much more valuable where kept

upon the farm itself, since local con-

ditions affect the cost of production

materially. It is far more necessary

that Michigan farmers should know

the cost of producing a bushel of po«

tatoes or a bushel of beans upon

their farms under ‘their conditions

than it is that they should know the

cost of producing a pound of pork,

important as that may be, and the

only way that they can arrive at an

absolute knowledge on these points

is to keep an accurate account of the

items of cost which enter into the

production of the crop throughout the

season.



To the end that a general interest

may be taken in this proposition by

Michigan Farmer readers, we shall

undertake in future issues to give

simple forms of cost accounts which

will give approximate knowledge of

the cost of growing different farm

products, and discuss in a practical

way the methods which should be

used in arriving at a proper distribu-

tion of items of cost which are in the

nature of an indefinite or unknown

quantity. In the meantime, may we

not hope that every reader will be

sufficiently interested in this import-

ant proposition to keep an accurate

record of the labor expended upon

the fields intended for crops this sea-

son, from the beginning of the farm-

ing campaign. By so doing, this im-

portant work will be started in the

right way, and results of considera-

ble value will be assured, while a fu-

ture study of the proposition will

make the interpretation of the facts

gained from such a record more val-

uable to the farmer who takes the

trouble to keep the same.





With the coming

of settled weath-

er the problem

of the care of the roads is one which

merits immediate attention. In some

communities the King drag has al-

ready been used to good purpose in

smoothing the surface of the earth

roads and hastening the drying out

and settling process. In many other

communities this has not been done,

simply because the people who live

in those communities have never seen

an illustration of the effect upon the

roads of this kind of treatment in the

spring of the year. These communi-

ties need an object lesson along this

line, and it would not be an expen-

sive proposition for any farmer to af-





The Country Roads.





ford them such a lesson by construct-

ing a King drag and using it upon a

small seetion of road adjacent to his

farm, in case he cannot get the high-

way oiflcers interested in the matter.

It is probable, however, that the high.

way oflicers could be interested in

at least making a trial of this meth-

od of caring for the earth roads, if

some one or more interested farmers

would take the proposition up with

them in the right way. Why not try

it in your road district, Mr. Reader?

You can easily and cheaply demon-

strate that a day’s work done with a

King drag at this season of the year

will be more effective in the better-

ment of the roads, than a. week’s

work as ordinarily done in road re-

pairing later in the season, to say

nothing of the pleasure and profit of

having the roads more quickly placed

in good condition for spring and sum-

mer use.





100 PER CENT EFFICIENCY.



A newspaper cannot hope to be 100

per cent efficient that permits any

but reliable advertisers to be repre-

sented in it. ,



-A newspaper, to be of value to its

readers, must have their. entire confi.

dence. It means nothing to the read-

er to have a paper in which he does

not believe, and if he has reason to

doubt any statement that appears in

it, whether in the editorial portion or

in an advertisement, his confidence in

the entire paper will weaken.



Some papers, apparently, care noth-

ing for the confidence of their read-

ers, judging from the class of adver-

tising they carry. The publishers of

this paper, however, care so much

for the confidence of their subscrib-

ers that no amount of money could

induce them to publish an advertise-

ment if they knew it to be of doubt-

ful character.





 





AN EXPLANATION.





 





We wish it to be known that the

publishers of the Michigan Farmer

are in no way or manner whatsoever,

connected with the Michigan Farmer

Elevator Co., of Detroit. Occasionally

a letter intended for them is address

ed to us, which calls for this explan-

ation.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





National.





The copper miners of the Upper

Peninsula of Michigan have voted to

call the strike off which has contin-

ued since July 23, 1913. Reports show

that the decision against holding out

longer was made by a strong major-

ity, 1,012. The men won everything

they demanded except recognition of

the Western Federation of Miners.

During the course of the strike sev-

eral deaths occurred, the Italian

Hall disaster on Christmas eve, the

deportation of President Moyer of

the Western Federation of Miners,

investigations by Governor Ferris

and a congressional committee, and

one by a grand jury.



The Senate committee having in

charge the matters pertaihing to the

repeal of the Panama free tolls

measure, will continue hearings un-

til the 23rd inst. A long list of not-

able men will appear before the com-

mittee to give testimony and opinions

on the advisability of repealing the

law passed by the previous Congress

and which provides for the free pas-

sage of American coastwise ships.



Four gunmen were executed at Sing

Sing prison, New York, Monday

morning, for the murder of Herman

Rosenthal, a gambler.



John Lind, President Wilson’s per-

sonal representative in Mexico, has

come to Washington for conferences

with the President and Department

of State. No disclosures have been

made as to the Character of the in-

formation he brings.



, The members of the Michigan Na-

tional Guard will be divided among





three camps this summer for train- ,





ing, the state camp site at Grayling



be used for all three gatherings.

Wreckage believed to ‘have come



from the missing sealer, Southern





Cross. was reported by the steamer

Bloodhound; about 100 miles southeast

of St. Johns, Newfoundland. This





   





V . Anni. is, {1914;





strengthens the belief that the vessel

has been lost.



The International Surgical Con—

gress meets in New York this Week

and the views of foreign surgeons on

efficacy of the X-ray and radium

cures for cancer, are awaited with

keen interest.



A campaign to educate the children

of Michigan as well as adults, in the

importance of mouth hygiene, is re-

ceiving the support of many promi-.

nent ment of the state, including sev-

eral state officials.



The Seventh Annual Conference of

governors will be held at Madison,

Wisconsin, June 9.



No agreement has yet been reach-

ed between the soft coal miners of

central Pennsylvania and the opera-

tors. The contract expired March 31.

since which time an effort has been

made to agree on a. wage scale, but

without success.



In the’ triangular debate betWeen

Hope, Olivet and Alma Colleges, on

the question of governmental owner-

ship of railways, each of the institu-

tions won in the debates at home

but lost abroad.



According to figures compiled by

the State Labor Commissioner, 1,234

new factories were added to Michi

gan’s industries last year. The same

authority shows the average wage for

1913 to be $2.47 a day, or 10 cents

higher than in 1912.



Experiments are showing that a

new anaesthetic called urethane has

several advantages over ether and

other administrants. The heart is not

so badly affected, the patient can be

watched more closely, the choking

sensation is absent, and there is no

sickness. A disadvantage is that the

experimenters have not yet been able

to reduce the period of insensibility

below six hours.



Foreign.





Fighting still continues in Mexico.

While Gen. Villa’s rebel forces have





pursued the federals beyond Torreon,‘





reports are to the effect that some of

his detachments have met reverses

and that the federals are again threat-

ening that stronghold.



The Italian government anticipates

a general strike of the railway em-

ployes of that country. To minimize

the effect of the strike, and to facili~

tate communications and maintain or-

der, the army, and members of the

navy crews will be called upon to do

duty in place of the strikers.



General satisfaction is expressed

regarding the selection of Count

Okuma to head the new cabinet of

Japan. Business men especially, are

pleased and the stock market shows

improvement.



Additional "fortresses have been

captured by the federal forces of

Santo Domingo, the government now

being virtually in full control of the

republic.



The British oil steamer Ashtabula,

arrived at New York from Peru with-

out making a single stop, being the

longest non-stop steam voyage on rec-

ord. The vessel uses oil as a fuel.





 





STATEMENT OF THE OWNERSHIP,

MANAGEMENT, ETC.,





of the Michigan Farmer, Published

Weekly at Detroit, Mich., required by

the Act of August 24, 1912.





Name and Postoffice Address.





Editor, I. R. Waterbury, Detroit,

MICh.; Managing Editor, M. J. Law-

rence, Washington, D. C.; Business

Manager, E. H. Houghton, Detroxt

Mich.; Publisher, Lawrence Publish-

ing 00., Detroit, Mich.





Owners, (if a corporation, give

names and addresses of stockholders

holding one per cent or more of total

amount of stock):



M. J. Lawrence, Washington, D. C.



M. L. Lawrence, Cleveland, Ohio.



P. T. Lawrence, New York City.





Nellie. Lawrence Parsons, Cleve-

land, Ohio.

Citizens Sav. & T. 00., Trustee





Cleveland, Ohio.



George Lomnitz,

land, Ohio. _



Mrs. G. B. Rogers, Cleveland, Ohio.



Lillian Cotton, Cleveland, Ohio.



E. D. Pope, Cleveland, Ohio.



R. M. McConville, Cleveland, Ohio.



E. H. Houghton, Detroit, Mich.



G. J. Munsell, Detroit, Mich.



Known bondholders, mortgagees

and other security holders, holding

one per cent or more of total amount

of bonds, mortgages, or other securi.

ties:



None.





EDGAR H. HOUGHTON, Secy.





(Signature-of editor, publisher,_busi<

ness manager, or owner).





Sworn to and subscribed before me

this second day of April 1914.





, CLARENCE EL HAMLIN. , ,

Notary Public, Wayne Co., MiCh.

(1:31 gammission Expires October 12,





Guardian, Cleve-





(Seal). \
LITERATURE

POETRY ,

HISTORY ana

INFORMATION





 





 





 





rJ/[z/[VSEQS WEEKLY





 





PUB 31-15”





 





77w FARM BOY

an? GIRL



SCIENTlF [C an?



MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





 





 





This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper every week.





Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





 





.Thc Farming





AVE men halted in the routine



of life to measure the benefit



coming from the work of the

rural mail carriers? Have the vast

farming regions of these states ren-

dered unto these agents of the post-

ofiice department their due? When a

service of any kind has been organ-

ized into a smoothly working system

men are very apt to overlook its ad-

vantages and practically to forget

that it is in existence.





The service of these men has close-

ly tied together the progressive, ac-

tive and reckless spirit of the great

cities and the conservative life of the

country to the direct advantage of

both. The centers of population have

profited by the touch of rural firm-

ness while the country is better for

the glance at the hustle and bustle

of the busy thoroughfares and marts

of trade. To this day the mutual aid

coming to the urban and the rural

communities by reason of the rural

mail service is increasing. not alone

in its social aspect but also in a busi-

ness way.



Farm life has been broadened. Be-

fore the time of the daily visitations

of the carriers the limit of interest in

the thousands of farm homes over the

land was the little communities with

which each of these homes became

acquainted in the real active work

connected with the farms and the

marketing of farm products, and in

the social opportunities offered. But

the rural mail service has obliterated

the lines and made these farm homes

a part not of a local community, but

of the great busy world and all of its

activities. It is a fact frequently

stated by city people, that their

friends and relatives in the country

are now quite as well informed on

matters occurring in the city as the

urbanites themselves.



Not only has farm life been broad-

ened by bringing to it daily accounts

of world happenings but that same

life has been interested in itself. Lats





.the farmers’





Community and the Rural Mail Carrier.

By WILLIAM TRUB.





 





 





 





 





 





 





Motorcycles are Coming into Favor-with Rural Carriers.





ent talents have been awakened.

Leaven has been put in the lump un-

til now the whole is leavened. How

much the institution of this service

by the federal government has done

to stimulate the great rural awaken-

ing that is everywhere evident, no

one would venture to say. The part

the agricultural colleges, the press.

institutes, the traveling

libraries, the various rural organiza-

tions have had in this awakening is

incomprehensible, but the work of all

these agencies has been made more

efficient and of greater magnitude by

the unfailing rounds of the rural car-

riers.



But the work of these men is not

to be limited to the carrying of news

to and fro. They are already engaged

in aiding the =olution of the present

national problem of marketing pro—

ducts—not only the products of the

farm but many of the products of the

factory that go to the farm. The ru-





important link in

service. The en-

largement. of that service and its

adaptation to various conditions,

promise to be significant in the new

order of marketing and the men who

bring products from and deliver arti-

cles of manufacture to the farms are

quite. as indispensible as any other

set of men in the efficiency of the

whole parcel system, from the stand-

point of the farmer.



Because of the economic and social

influence on farm life rendered by

these men, readers will be interested

in recent changes that will make

their work more. tolerable. The first

and perhaps the most important. is

the general interest in the improve—

ment. of roads. Of all things, poor

roads militate most against good ser-

vice by the rural carriers. But all

over the land serious interest is be-

ing taken in bettering travel through

the country districts. Large amounts





ial carrier is an

the parcel post.





 





 





of money are being expended and

much careful information on road en-

gineering is being disseminated to

the great help of this work. It will

likely be a matter of but a few years

when the dread of poor highways will

be a negligible quantity in the minds

of mail carriers, except perhaps for

snow-bound roads in the north.



With the advent of better roads an-

other opportunity is opened to the

rural carrier and that is the kind of

vehicle he uses to distribute and col-

lect mails and parcels. The usual

route is about 25 miles long. The

faithful horse can cover this inile' ge

only by using a large portion of the

working day. But if, instead of the

horse the. automobile or the motorcy-

cle, be used, as is now the case in

thousands of instances, then the task

of making the route is reduced to

about three hours, which not only is

advantageous to the carrier himself,

but greatly improves the service ren-

dered the public. Good roads multi—

ply each ycar' the number of motor

vehicles being used.



Still another movement that is as—

sisting rural carriers and making

their work more agreeable, is the or-

ganizations instituted for the consid-

eration of matters of interest to these

men. These organizations furnish a

place for discussing proposals for the

betterment of the service, for consid-

ering problems of a local and general,

nature, and for crystalizing experiW

ence and making appeals for needed

changes as well as for furnishing so—

cial opportunities. The influence and

experience gathered through the as-

sociations have aided in many ways

to improve the rural delivery of par-

cels and mails.



Other matters of importance might

be added. but what has been said is

sufficient to give the public reason to





extend the greatest courtesies to

these faithful men and cooperate.

with them. to the end of making





their work pleasant and efficient.





 





 





 





Michigan Rural Carriers at one of their State Meetings.





Here Matters” Relating to the Service and More Favorable Working Conditions are Aired.
EXTRAORDINARY Ol-TEh :4” ‘5“





one mont

free trial on this finest of bic cles—lhe “Ran or." We





will ship ittoyon on approv reipht prepai ,without a

cent ldzeiosd: in advance. Thisfo er 15%bsoluttellygengine.



or our 13' ca a oz 5 owmg



TE To Y on tr lll ne of bicycles for



atcfrnce': never before





men- and women. boys andg1

din of ”bicycles.





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THE MICHIGAN





A Tradegy That





‘3‘ [OULDN’T it be jolly if a burg-

lar should try to get into the

house tonight?” exclaimed

Peggy Ryan, as she made a flying

leap and landed in the middle of

Mary Hally’s big four-poster bed.

Safely ensconsed in her soft, white

nest, she drew her knees up and rest-

ed her chin on them while she

watched Mary give her hair the es-

sential one hundred strokes with the

brush. Mary’s father and brother Tom

had gone into Grand Rapids for a

couple of days, and Peggy was to

stay nights with Mrs. Hally and

Mary, “Just for company,” as Mary

explained, “Mother and I aren’t a mite

afraid.”



“I’d like to see a real, live burg-

lar,” Peggy continued, “Jack saw one

in the county jail once and he said

he didn’t look a bit different from any

other man, father or the minister or

anyone. But I can’t believe it, I’m

sure they must look sort of distin-

guished someway.

so, Mary?”



“One hundred,” said Mary. “Yes,

or a bear or Indian or something ex-

citing,” she added. “I don’t mean the

burglar looks like a bear 01‘ Indians,”

she laughed, seeing Peggy’s puzzled

face, “I was just thinking what you

said first, a burglar would try to get

in, and I meant or a bear or Indians

try it, either. Anything for excite—

ment. Don’t you get tired of feeling

everything is perfectly safe?”



“Yes, I do,” said Peggy. “Now,

here we are in this little room right.

off your mother’s, and there she is

this minute right in the. sitting room,

and the telephone right at her hand,

and our house not a quarter of a mile

away. If anything should happen,

she’d just ring the ’phone and every

neighbor on the line would be listen~

ing and they’d all be right here be-

fore we had time to do a single thing

brave. The folks that settled this

country had lots more fun than we

do,” she complained. “There were al-

ways bears and wolves and Indians

and a war every six months or so.”



“Girls got chances then to be fa-

mous,” added Mary, as she climbed

into bed and cuddled down comfort-

ably beside Peggy, her smooth dark

braids contrasting strikingly with

Peggy’s frowsly yellow hair. “They

were always recognizing spies or go-

ing through the woods for miles and

miles, and living on berries, to tell

the soldiers in the forts that the In-

dians were on the warpath. There

isn’t a single thing for us to do, Peg-

gy, but to eat and sleep and wash

dishes and go to school, and be com-

fortable and uninteresting.”



“That isn’t always the worst thing

that can happen to girls,” said Mrs.

Hally, coming into the room at that

moment. “Do you girls want to be

uncomfortable ?”



“Not exactly, Mrs. Hally,” said Peg-

gy, propping her head up on one bent

arm. “But we just think the girls a

hundred years ago' had lots more

fun.”



“So you think it would be fun to

throw out your oil stove and cook in

a big kettle over a fireplace, and live

in a draughty log house instead of

your warm brick one, do you?” asked

Mr. Hally. “I suppose you girls would

be willing to carry all the waterfrom





 





the spring on the other road, and not





 





 





Don’t you think





.F‘ A R ME ‘11





Did Not Occur.





By ALTA LAWSON LITTLE.





have any school to go to, and only

see each other once or twice a year,

and then come on the back of a plow-

horse instead of in an automobile?”

teased Mrs. Hally. “Is that your idea

of fun?”



“Oh, no, mother,” said Mary.

just meant some excitement.

said a burglar and I said bears or In-

dians, and here you are making out

we want to live like savages.”





“Yes, and if a burglar did try to

get in you and Peggy would hide your

heads under the pillows, while I went

after him with the poker,” said Mrs.

Hally.



“The idea,” said both girls in a.

breath, “we’d show you.”



“I’d run straight for the ’phone and

call father,” said Peggy.



“And I’d shoot the revolver out of

the window three times,” said Mary.



“While I was driving him away

from the front door with the poker,”

finished Mrs. Hally. “I stick to a

safe weapon. I’m going to take away

the light and you girls go to sleep.

You’ll be dreaming of robbers all

night. That rarebit was enough for

you, without all this talk of midnight

marauders.”



“Honest, what would you do, Peg,

if you should hear someone?” whisv

pered Mary after Mrs. Hally had left

them in darkness, the girls snuggled

down under the downy comfort.





“Never trouble trouble, till trouble

troubles you,” quoted Peggy with a

giggle. “I suppose I’d be scared stiff,

but just the same I think it would be

fun to find out.”



“So do I,” said Mary, yawning,

“More fun than it will be getting our

history lesson tomorrow if we don’t

get to sleep.” And she turned her

back to Peggy. “Go to sleep, and

maybe we’ll both dream something

exciting, anyway. Be sure to remem-

ber.”



Mary’s regular breathing soon told

Peggy she had fallen asleep, but Peg-

gy’s eyes refused‘ to close. The

strangeness of the bed naturally kept

her wakeful, and her active little

brain had seized upon all the alluring

possibilities of a midnight encounter

with burglars. A dozen things which

might happen shot through her mind

as she heard Mrs. Hally fix the fur-

nace fire, wind up the clock, make

the rounds to see that windows and

doors were properly fastened, and

finally come into the adjoining room

and make ready for bed. Peggy turn-

ed over and over and thumped her

pillow vigorously, but Mrs. Hally and

Mary had long been asleep before she

finally quieted and dropped off into

slumber.



It might have been hours or only

minutes later that she awoke with a

start to find Mary missing from her

side. She sat up in bed and listened.

From the sitting room she caught a

dim flicker of light and at first

thought it must be morning and that

Mary had dressed and left the room.

She was about to hop out of bed,

when she caught the sound of Mary

and her mother whispering in the

next room, and heard outside on the

porch the sound of a measured tread,

accompanied by a dull thump, thump.

thump on the side of the house. Peg:

gy’s heart climbed uncomfortably near

her throat, and she threw herself

back into bed and pulled the quilts





(‘We





Peg





- ] Arman, 191:1;





tightly over her head. Then she r'e-





, .‘membered Mi‘s‘. Hally had said that





was just what she would do at the

first hint of danger, and with one

quick bound she 'cleared the bed and

dashed into the room with the other

two.



Mrs. Hally, with her favorite wea-

pon, the big poker, in her hand, and

the light of battle in her eye, stood

in the middle of the floor, with Mary

clinging to her, crying and whisper-

ing, “0, donft open the door, mother.

don’t open it. You’ll be killed, Iknow

you’ll be killed.”



“Nonsense,” whispered Mrs. Hally,

“If it was really someone who want-

ed to get in and harm us, do you

think he’d make all that noise? It’s

Bill Peters been to town and got

drunk, and he doesn’t know where he

is. Let me go, Mary, and I’ll show

him he hasn’t got his wife to deal

with,” and Mrs. Hally brandished her

poker threateningly.



But Mary only clung tighter, and

Peggy, throwing herself upon Mrs.

Hally upon the other side, added her

pleadings.



“Oh, Mrs. Hally,” she quavered.

“Don’t open the door. It might be a

burglar or an escaped prisoner or a

wild man or something. And if any-

thing should happen to me, I don’t

know what my parents would ever

do.’_’



“Now, listen,” said Mrs. Hallyfirm.

1y. “You two girls are just excited

and scared. It is much better to

know who is really out there than to

stand like this all frightened and ner-

vous and wait for him to go away.

Maybe it is someone who needs help.

I’ll tell you what I’ll do. I’ll open the

door just a crack and peek out, and

you girls stand with your hands on it

to slap it shut if I say so. Come, you

brave burglar fighters, you wanted

excitement, now here it is.”



Mary and Peggy loosened their

hold at this, and shamefacedly moved

towards the door, outside of which

the march went on.



With infinite caution lest the ma-

rauder hear, the three crept to the

outside door. Mrs. Hally blew out

the night lamp, and then with much

pains, slowly and silently turned the

key. She was a full two minutes

turning the door knob, so great was

their fear that they might be heard.

though the tramping and thumping

would have covered more noise than

they made.



“Stoop down low,” whispered Peg.

gy in her ear, “so if he sees the

crack and shoots through it the bul.

let will go over your head.”



Mrs. Hally took the advice, and

knelt down with her head just even

with the lock. She peeked through

the crack an instant, then sank on

the floor in a heap.



“Oh, my poor mother, she’s fright‘

ened out of her senses,” wailed Mary.

fin-getting caution, and springing to

her mother’s side. “Slam the door

and lock it, Peggy, while I try to re-

store her.”



But with Mrs. Hally’ hand off the

lock, the door had swung open wider

and Peggy took a look out. Outside.

stalking majestically up and down in

solitary state she could see Mary ..

pet Jersey calf. At every step it

swung its long tail, which hit the

side of the house with regular

strokes, and gave forth the thumps

which had sounded to the three like

regular raps from a strong fist.



“Oh, look at our burglar,

look,” gasped Peggy.

your poor, dear mother lost her

senses.” And Peggy collapsed into a

heap by Mrs. Hally’s side.



“Well, of all things,” said Mary,

coming out of her daze and slowly

comprehending the situation. “He’s

not my burglar. It was you that

wanted him.”



“Well, I guess we’ve all had about

enough of him for tonight,” said Mrs.





Mary,

“N o wonder
I an.





APRIL 13.11914. 1'





Hally, clambering to her feet' and

~wiping her eyes. "You brave girls

canslip on some clothes and drive

him back to the barnyard. Shall I tel-

ephone your parents you’re safe, Peg-

gy, while you’re taking the prisoner

to jail?” .



“The ’phone,” exclaimed Peggy. “I

never'thought of that. I was going

to call father if anything happened,

wasn’t I? My, but I’m glad I didn’t.

If Tom and Jack ever get hold of this

we’ll never hear the last of it, Molly.”





 





IRELAND.





 





A crisis in British politics has cen-

tered attention on Ireland. For sev-

eral years back the great issue be-

fore the’parliament at London has

been whether, or not, the inhabitants

should be allowed to have a par-





Map of Ireland Showing Boundaries

of the Four Provinces.





liament for enacting local legislation,

or, in other words,Home Rule. While

the House of Commons of the Eng

lish Parliament has favored granting

the Irish people the privilege, the

Lords have refused to allow it.



In the struggle a few years ago the

House of Lords had their power re-

stricted. A measure enabling the

Commons to enact laws over the veto

of the Lords, was passed. The essen-

tial provision of this measure is that

if the-Commons vote favorable upon

a bill at three successive sessions of

Parliament, and the Lords vote

against it the first two times, the

measure becomes a law after the

third passage by the Commons.



The Home Rule bill is now about

to be voted upon by the Commons

for the third time, and there is every

probability of the measure passing.

This expectation has precipitated the

present crisis.



Not all of Ireland itself is_ favora-

ble to the granting of the Home Rule

privileges. The Island is divided in—

to four Provinces, as shown by the

accompanying map. Three of these

provinces, Munster, Leinster and

Connaught, are striving for the adop-

tion of the measure, while Ulster,

which occupies the northern portion

of the island is bitterly opposed. The

latter province has threatend to take

up arms should the measure be pass-

ed and has made extended prepara-

tion to carry out this threat. Amend-

ments looking toward a compromise

have been offered but not adopted. It

is probable that the opposition will

force an election before the final vote

is taken. In the meantime the eyes

of the civilized world will be upon

Ireland.



. The population of the island has

gradually decreased since 1841. At

that time there were 8,196,705 inhab«

itants. Ten years later the number

had been reduced to 6,574,278; in 1861

to 5,798,967; in 1871 to 5,412,377; in

1881 to 5,174,836; in 1891 to 4,706,-

162; in 1901 to 4,456,546, and in 1911

to 4,382,000. The gradual reduction

of population during the past 70 years

has amounted, therefore, to nearly

one-half of. the number of people Iiv.

ing on the island in 1841. The oppor-

tunities offered in America, both in





 





 

 





 





United States and Canada, and the

enforcement of laws at home not al-

ways conducive to the greatest con-

tentment, have’tempted many to mi—

grate to the western hemisphere. Our

immigrant statistics show that during

the period from 1841 to 1911 there

were 3,994,641 persons who came into

this country from Ireland.





A LONG DISTANCE FLYER.





 





BY ORIN E. CROOKE'B.



In these days when so much notice

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All distance records among birds

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migration flight. This species of sea

bird nests from Maine northward to

within a few degrees of the Pole.

Most of the species, however, breed

within or near the arctic circle—usu-

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When it migrates it goes to a region

in the antarctics equally as near to

the south pole. Consequently it

spends both halves of the year in a

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safe to say that many of the species

experience full darkness only for the

few days that it takes them to cross

the tropes.



In this long flight the Artic tern

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It fears no storm—arctic or tropical.

Food may always be found some-

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of wing the equal of most of the

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the sea.





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Two prominent 'officials in the mot-

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At Cindad, Juarez, they were enter-

tained by Villa's officers and had a

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“The merciless character of the

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on neither side do they appear to

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ing for."





THE' MIC HI GAN FARM‘ER





, 13_-‘-453





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THE MICHIGAN FARMER‘





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





‘APRIL 18, 1914. g





 





 





\





 





W"





Win51] and Her ‘ cede





At Home am) ElwveJ ere





:





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





{r % A





 





 





 





Don’ t Imputc Motives.





F there is one way more than an-



othe1 in which we sin against our



fellow mortals, it seems to me it

is in assigning motives to account. for

their various acts. And we are all

guilty, some more so than others.

How many of us have puzzled for

days to decide just “why” Mary or

John did a certain thing, and ended

by imputing to them a motive which

was, to say the least, uncharitable:

When probably, as a matter of fact,

Mary or John acted purely on im-

pulse, and couldn’t explain them-

selves why they acted thusly.



It always reminds me of the spin-

ster who insisted on motives. A

bachelor friend called on her twice.

The third time she asked him his in-

tentions, and growling that he didn’t

know as he had “none,” he. took his

hat and went home.



So we are always looking for “in—

tentions,” where nothing is intended,

and usually the intentions we look

for are unpleasant ones.



A mother complained to me recent-

ly that one of the neighbors had

made fun of her small daughter.

Questioned, the matter resolved itself

into this: The daughter in question

is six years old. The day before she

and a six-year-old boy walked home

from school together, and the neigh-

bor who made fun of the child, told

the boy’s mother that her son walked

home with “that Smith girl.”



Now the neighbor told it as a. joke

and had no intention of making fun

of anyone. But the phrase, "that

Smith girl,” stuck in the mother’s

mind as a deadly insult. It could be

capable of only one interpretation,

that the Smith’s were not considered

just right or their offspring would not

be designated as "that girl.”



Only last week I learned why an

acquaintance has cut me dead for six

months. It seems that six months

and a week ago said acquaintance

was walking up the street about to

meet me. and just before we quite

met I looked her way and then turn—

ed and went into a store. 01' course,

I saw her and hurried into the store

to avoid her. Her thought. Next

time we met, she returned my cordial

bow with a frosty stare and when I

came up for air I began to seek mo-

tives. I thought it was my hat, she

dresses better than I do, and I was

sure she didn’t, want to speak to so

shabbily attired a person. Finally a

third acquaintance got into the game

and began to seek motives 011 both

sides, and found there were none. On

the day when my friend thought I

snubbed her, I was so busy trying to

figure out how to buy two pairs of

boy scout shoes, a union suit, a half—

dozen pairs of stockings and a dish-

pan, all with a lone fivedollar bill

that I never knew she was on earth.

Didn’t even see her when I went into

the store. This being explained to

her satisfaction she explained to my

satisfaction her snub to me, and ev-

erything was lovely. How much bet—

ter if we had each gone directly to

the other in the beginning, instead of

imputing our own mean motives.



It is so warping, this habit of seek-

ing motives. I know one clever wom-





an who is becoming a terror to every-





one just thlough following this per-

nicious habit. The simplest thing one

does or says, either good or bad, she

picks to pieces trying to find out Why

it was done. And the causes she as-

signs for certain things done would

fill the doer with astonishment.



As a matter of fact, who of us could

tell why we do half the things we

do? Most of our acts are done on

pure impulse. It is seldom we sit

down and figure out just how to act

and what the results of certain acts

will be. We act first and meditate on

results afterwards when we have

plenty of time to wish we had done

differently. The only persons who

cooly think out a plan of campaign

beforehand and act accordingly are

criminals or knaves. Honest folks

don’t need to.



Yet how many a friendship has

been broken because someone sought

a motive and found it in her own im-

agination. How much better to give

your friend the benefit ‘of the doubt,

or better still, go to her if things do

not look right to you and let her tell

her own motive.



DEBORAH.





A BAG FOR CROCHET COTTON.





BY ESTHER. A. FOSSIL



Now that hand crocheting is be-

coming so popular, we are all having

the experience of dropping our ball of

thread 011 the floor many times while

we are working. It not only soils the

thread, but very often it gets twisted

about the leg of a chair or table, or

rolls into a place where it is extreme-

ly uncomfortable to get it.



A simple remedy for this is to make

a circulag bag, perhaps ten inches in

diameter. Join two circles together

all the way round, with the exception

of a place large enough to slip the

ball into. Crochet this all around

with a single crochet of some color

thread corresponding with material

used. First make a round eyelet in

the center of one circle large enough

to slip the thread through. Then put

ribbon straps on, not to draw up, but

large enough to slip over the arm of

a chair, or over your arm. It can be

carried in this way if you are moving

about, ‘or hung over anything that is

convenient while at work, and do

away with the bother of having to

pick up the thread from the floor.



The bag can be made of any mate-

rial and any color, silk, cretonne, or

anything else one may fancy.





TAKING DOWN THE STOVES.





11v nus. s. 1:. .u’cov.



A late spring with cold nights and

mornings proves to many the folly of

taking down the stoves too early in

the season. These are the house-

keepers to whom the necessity for

housecleaning on a certain day in

May has all the force of a command-

ment, and what housecleaning under

these conditions means, many a read-

er too well knows, and many a grave-

stone shows. We will not enumerate

the ills it brings, but among the good

it sends away are the stoves—often

from every room except the kitchen.



A clear cold January day, with the

mercury at 15 to 20 degrees below





zero, is absolute comfort in compari-

son with a damp, cold day in June. In

none of the northern states should

the stoves be removed from the liv-

ing rooms, if the health, let alone the

comfort of the family is regarded, be-

fore the middle or last of June. We

have pleasant days, and warm, in

May, but we cannot remember a year

since we have given attention to the

matter, in which there has not been

a cold spell the first half of 'June in

which a fire was absolutely necesary

to the comfort of the well, and the

Well-being of the ill.



“Then why take down the stoves

at all?” some reader will ask. \Ve

hold that in country houses, there

should never be a day in the whole

year in which fire cannot be built at

a moment’s notice. In summer an

open fire-place is preferable to a

stove, but if there be no fire-place,

leave the stoves. There will be but

few days in the whole summer in

which a little fire in the morning or

evening will not be needed to venti-

late the room or dry it, if not to re-

move the chill.



In malarious districts this is of

vital importance; a little fire will

prevent what much quinine may not

cure, and be vastly cheaper. But in

houses heated by stoves there are

several that may come down Without





detriment; and those which may re—

main in place should be properly

cared for.





BREAD WISDOM.





The following extracts from a bul-

letin sent out by the Ohio State Uni-

versity will answer many questions

about bread, which housewives fre-

quently ask: .



“Entire wheat flour is not made by

grinding the whole wheat grain as

the name might indicate; part of the

bran coats are removed. It is usually





more finely ground than Graham

flour.

“Winter wheat flour does not an-





alyze so high in piotein and is usual-

ly considered not so w ell adapted for

bread—making. Spring wheat flour is

drier than winter wheat flour and

takes up more liquid. consequently

less flour is required in proportion to

the liquid to make a loaf. (Spring or

hard wheat flours yield a good grade

of gluten and usually produce bread

of a sweet,‘ nutty flavor.



“In dry yeast the yeast is mixed

with corn meal pressed into cakes

and the moisture dried out. After a

time the plants in a dry cake will

gradually die out and it is best to test

it to see if the yeast is in good con~

dition, by putting a small amount in

a cup with warm water and a small

amount of sugar. If the yeast is still

alive, in a short time bubbles will

come to the top of the liquid. \



“In compressed yeast the plants are

washed until free from impurities,

mixed with starch and pressed, while

moist, into cakes. ‘The plants are in

a growing state and it is necessary to

keep compressed yeast in a cool place

to prevent the plant from growing.

Usually the plants can be kept in a

good condition four or five days. A

yeast cake in good condition must be

of a uniform, creamy color over the

surface and throughout the cake. It

should break with a clean break. If

it is stringy or ropy it should not be

used.





“Starter bread, or bread made from

liquid yeast, often has a sour, bitter

taste, due to the presence of other in-

visible plants,in the yeast. As a safe-

guard against this it is advisable to

discard the starter frequently and be-

gin using again, using a fresh cake of

dried or compressed yeast as a source

of the plant. One cup of liquid yeast

in a good lively state is equal to one

cake of compressed or dried Yeast.



“If the dough has a crust formed

over it while rising, which is kneaded

in, there will be hard places through

the bread. This crust may be avoid-

ed by lightly greasing the surface of

the dough. Repeated rising of the

dough and kneading down before

making into a loaf makes a some-

what finer texture and a whiter loaf,

but at the expense of the fine flavor

of the bread.



“Small loaves may be more thor-

oughly baked than large ones. When

several are baked in one pan, the in-

side loaves are rarely baked thor-

oughly. A loaf in a tin four by four

and one-half by nine inches is easily

baked in 45 minutes. A larger loaf

will require longer baking.



“If the bread gets stringy in a few

days after baking it is caused by bac-

terial growth. Flour sometimes con-

tains bacteria which would cause this

action and which are not killed by

baking. The remedy is to sterilize by

the use of boiling water all the uten-

sile which have been used in making

the bread and to get a new supply of

floun



“Hot breads are as completely ab-

sorbed as stale bread, or bread 24

hours old, but longer time is required

for absorption and hence they are not

desirable for children or persons with

digestive troubles. One point in favor

of many hot breads is the large

amount of_ (rust. The c1ust is more

digestible than the ciumb, the starch

having been changed in the baking

into a form of sugar-dextrine."





SHORT CUTS TO HOUSEKEEPING.





 





Clean windows in cold weather by

rubbing with a soft cloth saturated

with kerosene instead of using water.

——D. L. M.



In cutting down trousers for the lit-

tle fellow, he will be greatly pleased

and yourself saved much time and

work if you lay your pattern 011 the

top and outside seams, cutting away

whatever is necessary from the bot-

tom and inside seams. This leaves

those wonderful pockets intact, and

the side openings can be cut just

back of them and finished off with

very little troul)le.—~.\lrs. W. C. M.



FARM WOMEN’S BUILDING AT



FRISCO EXPOSITION.





 





 





The executive board of the Inter-

national Congress of Farm Women is

planning a farm women’s building at

the San Francisco exposition, and has

appealed to farm women all over the

country for donations, either small or

large, towards this purpose. Ground

will be broken in May, if the board’s

plans go through. The committee is

also preparing plans to invite farm

women the world over to take part in

the farm home uplift programs. Any-

one wishing to send money for the

building should communicate with

Mrs. Belle V. Harbert, President, 340

Century Bldg, Denver, Col.





 





 





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a n Exprunly for Montgomery





'ar 3‘ Guzman} 5] Onion Lowell





 





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THE MICHIGAN FARMER , 1





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W"





The low prices quoted in Montgomery Ward and Company’s Catalogue, convinced her that even

small savings and earmngs are sufliment to make and sultably maintaln a home.





The Big Bargains and Big Values dispelled her doubts and

prompted her decision—just as they have for four decades

prompted the decisions and then materialized the fondest

dreams of thousands of Madelines.





Dealing with Montgomery Ward & Co. makes money

worth more—it increases the purchasing power of every

penny—for every article listed in Ward’s immense thousand-

page catalogue is offered at profit-sharing'prices.





- Every buy shows a big saving; staples as well as slow sellers

are supplied at remarkably reasonable prices. Life’s necessi-

ties as well as luxuries are furnished at figures that make more

purchases possible. _

But to fully comprehend the “bigness" of Ward Bargains,

the superior quality secured as well as the savings realized





MONTGOMERY WARD 65 CO.





Fort Worth





New York Chicago Kansas City





 





must be considered—Ward’s Big Book is as famous for the

excellence of 1ts merchandise as for Its small profits and

money—savmg prices.





 

 

 

   

 

 

 





Send for lVIontgomery Ward & Company’s latest

and greatest catalogue. Learn the Ward way of

shopping-the method of merchandising that

makes Mail buying as convenient and satisfac—

tory as personal—purchasing. Let the Big

Ward Book lighten the burden of home-

building and lessen the strain and

struggle of “money-making” by

lowering living costs.





Sendmw. Use the coupon

opposite.





 





Portland
.‘r-





 

 





Low 30-Day Price





.On Edwards





hing





.\ __¥_’ _





.les

\-





 





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Don't make a single move toward that new

roof until you get Edwards’ Special Cut-Price

Proposition for April. Save $15 to $30 under

best wood shingles and get a genuine leak-

proof, rust-proof, fire-proof and lightning-

proof STEEL Shingle roof. A roof that will

outlast your house or barn.





Put On Wlth Hammer a'nd Nelle





You can lay an Edwards. Steel Shingle Roof ten

times as easy and ten times as uick as wood

shingles. Shingles come in bisfgls eets, 100 in a

cluster. Lay them right over 01 roof or sheath-

Ing if you like. 0 No painting. no extras to buy.

Everything furnished.





Can’t Leak— Can’t Burn





Edwards ”Tighteote" process (covered by pot-

ents) means dipBing in melted zinc after cuttin

and stem ing. lose.iitting overlap protects nai -

hol . o lace for rust to start or water to fit

in. f w en laid is really all one piece. 0

Edwards Steel Roof ever struck by lightnin%°We

back this statement with a. $10,000 usrentee nd

You get this guarantee when you uy.





Special Aprll Prlce, Freight Pald



. g Recent] we made a. most advantageous purchase

of steel. go for 30 days only we are able to quote



a price that will astonish you. Send for new Bur-

uin Circular No. 407 and give dimension of roof

if you can. Thousands are writing, so don’t delay.



THE EDWARDS MFG. CO.



417-467 Lock St. Clncinnatl. Ohio





FOR THE “LAND’S SAKE”





BUY A





   

 





 





   





 





smvpmc

WEIGHT





:5 L35. / . I s:\\\\ Price $15

which has TELESCOPE enabling you to read th

Target over 400 yards away. an '





TERRACE, DIICH, TILE DRAIN, IRRIGAIE





your land properly, and save surveyor's fees. It is

sold by up-to-date hardware and general merchants

everywhere, and guaranteed to be the most





SIMPLE, ACCURATE. llllllABlE AND COMPLEIE





outfit ever made for all farm work. If your deni-

er hasn’t one in stock, he will order for you from.

a nearby hardware jobber.



Write today for description of Level, and details

of our MONEY BACK GUARANTEE.





BUSTRUM-BRIDY MANUFACTURING CO.

148 Madison Ave" Atlanta. Ga.





ns $|O a. Day





You can buy :1



Saw for 810.



By sawing wood for fuel and lumber for build-

ing purposes, for your neighbors. you can build

up a profitable business, earning $10 a day. A



woon SAW .~

is the cheapest and best saw you

* can buy. It is easy to opcrnte,

boczmsoethestick sitslowandthc

saw helps Iodruw it in nssoon as

you start wurk. It'sihconly saw

illuili‘, srlling for $10, to which

n ripping table can be added.

Guaranteed for one your. Send

to-ilnr for circular and full particulars.

HERTZLER It ZOOK (‘0..Box23,

Belleville, PI.





 





 





 





 





 

   





, , IROM THE MANUFACTURER

“:5 And laws :25. to 845. on the best manure spreeder

1’ undo. Quit prying tribute to “Trusts” and I‘Corn-



;: binss" and buy directl—TIIE GALLOWAY WAY.

;' Get my New 1914 illustrated catalog showing my nine

.. styles Incl sins of wagon box sttschmrnt spreaders

‘ and complete machines It my new low, factory prices.



.»’ l‘rs gotjust the spreader you want. an down, light

draft, two horse, large capacity mll‘hincs. All guar-



. unwed. 30 days Free Trill. Money back ifnot sstisfied.





. .. «.5.



Get My New 1914 SPECIAL OFFER

Write me rightnowl My new offer will help you to get. I ~———‘

spreader pertly or entirely without cost to you in the W‘.

end. Just l. straight business proposition. ‘ '. J \

stnt to send you I; 3.?" l I



get FREE Book _ , R E ,, “2."- q _ a



A Streak of Gold Worth runny ol- , 1

hrs to my mun who follows its common sense sug- ‘

gestions. Tells How to Cure for the Manure, How to , v; .

Produce It, How to Cash It In. Get my new Cltelog '.' n 1'





and Specie] Offer.

Jun undress, Wm. Gellowly. Prest.





Wm. Galloway Co.. Sta. 189, Waterloo. Is.





. PUMP GRIND SAW 3:352:

Wood Mills are But. Engines are Simpel





Feed Grinders, Sew

Fumes. Steel Tanks

CATALOGUE! FREE



AGINTI \V‘NTED 1

Perkins Wind Mill & ..

Engine Co. Est.1860 .,





186 turn 81-.





Marsh. Ind.





 





   

   





 





 

 





 





 

   





"st your ad. in the Michigan

JuSt 58! Farmer" when writing advertisers





 

 





“_‘m~‘;:;;w;ow;szm;fi—Ip—-‘J;—L;S "a. .é.._’l.2.£ .—— .5... . --. «u. ‘ . . .





THE MICHIGAN FARMER r





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g





AVING been a shipper of farm



produce for thirty years, Ilong



since discovered discrepancies

in returns from commission men that

could not be accounted for in any

way except that the goods were graft-

ed. ‘In the fall of 1907, I shipped 204

barrels of fancy Baldwin apples to a

well-known and supposedly reliable

commission house in a large city in

western Pennsylvania. In a short

time I got returns for 176 barrels of

apples at a very low price. A letter

accompanying the returns stated that

the apples were badly rotted and

that there was a shortage of 28 bar-

rels because of the rotted condition

of the fruit; also a charge of $10 for

labor in resorting the apples. This

letter explained that the charge cov-

ered only a part of the labor of re-

sorting, but that they felt sorry for

me and so only charged a part of the

cost up to me. The balance of the

apples, they said, brought a low price

because of the dull color and poor

appearance of the fruit after being

.sorted over.



Four Years Later.



My loss being something over $1

per barrel, or over $200 on the lot, I

naturally felt quite worked up over

the deal. I wrote the firm a letter

stating in substance that they were

thieves. I got a letter in reply inti-

mating that if I wrote them any more

such letters they would have me ar-

rested for using the mails for utter—

ing a libel. I was somewhat worried

over this state of affairs, so I let the

matter drop for the time being. Four

years later I went to another ship-

ping station and opened up corres-

pondence with this same firm under

an assumed name, stating that I had

a few nice apples to ship to some re-

liable commission house and that I

understood that they were a reliable

house. I soon got a reply asserting

their reliability and saying that they

would be very glad to handle my

goods and predicting that the deal

would be mutually beneficial.



Upon receipt of the letter I‘made a

shipment of barreled apples in mark-

ed packages, leavinganother ship-

ment with a friend to be shipped one

week later. I then took the train for

the city. Upon arrival I secured a

room near the produce district, un—

der still another assumed name. The

following morning I went into the

produce district, making the acquaint—

ance of my commission merchant, as

a buyer of fancy apples. In about one

week, I discovered early one morning

that my apples had come in during

the night and were at the freight sta-

tion. I kept close watch and at length

saw the firm’s team come and get

these apples. I next transferred my

activities to the wholesale house of

the firm upon the street, where the

goods were soon unloaded. I appear

ed upon the scene early in quest of

fancy Baldwin and Spy apples, of

which my shipment consisted. After

being shown several lots, none of

which suited me, I was shown my

own goods. These I purchased, being

careful to take an itemized account

of sales or purchase.



After buying the goods I secured

the services of a cartman and took

the apples to a cold storage plant in

the city and put them in storage. I

then stayed around the city, calling

upon this house every day or two. I

bragged up the goods I had bought

and mentioned that if they should get

any more apples like those, I would

like to buy them. As the‘ time drew

near for the next shipment to arrive,

I again kept watch at the freight sta-





 





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Farm Commerce.





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How One Commission Man Was Caught





2.





tion. Again early one morning I dis-

covered that my second shipment of

goods had arrived during the night.

I saw the apples carted to the whole-

sale house and unloaded as before. I

again appeared on the scene as a

purchaser, but this time I was recog-

nized at once and notified that they

had another consignment of apples

from the same party that I bought of

before; and they certainly did brag

up those goods as being very fine. I

quietly purchased these goods and,

afis before, took an itemized bill of the

goods; and, as before, I took them to

ihe'cold storage plant and placed

them in storage. I then left for

home.



The Returns were what I Expected.



I got my mail through a friend.

When the returns came in on the first

shipment, the price was short about

50 cents on each barrel, and when

the returns came from the second lot,

they were short about $1 per barrel.

Between the two shipments the mar-

ket price of apples had advanced

about 50 cents per barrel. I then

wrote the firm to know why my sec-

ond shipment of apples had not

brought a better price, calling atten-

tion to the advance in the meantime.

I also asked them to give me the

name and address of the party who

had purchased the apples as I wished

to come to their city and interview

him. In reply to this I got a letter

saying that the apples arrived in bad

order and they 'sold them to a cheap

peddler for cash and that they did

not get his name and that their

books did not Show who he was.



Commission Men were Organized.



I expected just such a letter as this

from my previous experience. Armed

with this letter and others, also the

bill of sales and bills rendered, I

went back to the city and secured

the services of a good lawyer, and

commenced prosecution. All at once

there was consternation in the whole

produce section of the city. The com-

mission men were organized into a

league and one man’s fight was every

man’s fight. A conference was held

at their suggestion in my lawyer’s

office at which several prominent

men of the city, including a state

senator, were present. I was threat—

ened with dire calamity. I found out

that the produce dealers' association

was more worried about the publicity

of the deal than they were about the

legal part. With their influence they

appeared to feel that they could han—

dle the legal fight. but the newspa-

pers would get hold of the evidence

and it would not; do to let it get out.

A claim set up by the firm was that

they had sold the goods to themselves

at the depot, and that I got the mar-

ket price at the switch, and the ad‘

vance was theirs. But the bill ren-

dered contained a charge for cartage

of five cents per barrel, so they Were

balked there and their claim would

not hold water.



As I held both ends of the bag and

also the goods and the letters I was

not much worried about the outcome

of the deal. The parties, however,

were stubborn and the case was

fought clear up to the door of the

grand jury room before settlement

was secured. The firm paid the full

amount, including balance on the old

account of four years previous. After

settlement was secured, we got quite

chummy and the head of the firm, as

we parted at the close of the deal,

said: “Well, Mr. Dean, I am no

worse than‘the rest. They all do the

same thing.” I might' mention that

this man was a prominent member of





APRIL 18, 1914.





the church and stood high in the bus-

iness community. My lawyer com-

plimented me upon the legal aspects

of the case, as I had the avenues of

escape all cut off before I pulled the

strings.

F. W. DEAN.



Note—The Michigan Legislature

at its last session passed Public Act

No. 184 to provide against and pun-

ish fraud and deception in the sale

of farm products on commission. This

law would, of course, apply only to

commission men doing business in

this state.———Eds.

BUY MAINE SEED POTATOES IN



CERTIFIED BAGS ONLY.





 





Potato growers who purchase seed

from Aroostook county, Maine, are

warned by the United States Depart-

ment of Agriculture to accept only

stock delivered in the original bags

bearing the certificate of the Maine

State Department of Agriculture to

the effect that the potaoes are free

from powdery scab.



This disease against which the

quarantine was laid last December on

account of its prevalence in Europe

and in portions of Canada, has re-

cently been found in a few places in

northern Maine. The state of Maine

has organized an effective inspection

service to exterminate the disease

and prevent its spread to other

states, and Maine potatoes are now

being inspected and sorted more care

fully than ever before. No scabby

potatoes are allowed to be shipped

for any purpose, and no potatoes in-

tended for seed stock can receive a

certificate unless they are free from

all suspicion of having been grown

on the same farm 01' having been

stored in the same warehouse with

scabby potatoes. The special certifi-

cate 0f the Maine authorities is,

therefore, considered to be an ade-

quate assurance that the stock is

safe, but potatoes which do not have

this certificate are open to the sus-

picion that they may be repacked ta:

ble stock.





lllllllillllllllllHillIIHIHlillliiiiliiillElli!illii|liiiiliiiiillililiiliillIllIill|IlliIllllllllllllllllllilllliilIHIIHIIII





Crop and Market Notes.





Michigan.



Hillsdale Co.——Heavy rains in this

section, during the last week in

March, did much good. Farmers are

hauling manure, picking stone, and

the like. No spring plowing has been

done at this writing, but many acres

are already plowed for oats, the work

having been done last fall. About the

usual acreage will be sown to cats.

Wheat and clover seem to have got-

ten through the winter fairly well.

Maple sugar makers did little, the

weather being unfavorable. Weather

here during the winter would not

seem to have been of a character to

kill fruit buds of any kind. Quite a

large number of hogs, mostly york-

ers, are being marketed, the price at

present being $8.25; eggs 16c; butter

250; potatoes 550; hens, alive 14@

150; wheat 93c; oats 38c; hay $11.



Mecosta Co.—The weather has

been very backward, which indicates

a good fruit year. Fall seeding and

grain went through the winter in

good shape. Very little plowing has

been done this spring. There are

still some potatoes finding their way

to market at 500 per bushel. Hogs

8c; veals 8c; cows $40@75; horses

$.150@250; hay $12 per ton; eggs

16c; butler-fat 190.



Shiawassee Co.——Snow gone and

frost out of ground. Roads in very

bad condition. Fruit has come

through the winter in good condition,

a high per cent of fruit buds alive.

and strong. ‘Meadows in fine condi-

tion, very few winter-killed plants.

Wheat is coming on and begins to

appear quite green. Very little water

standing on, winter crops. Grass is

beginning to start. Farmers are re-

pairing fences, ditching and getting

ready for spring work. Winter-fed

lambs are going to market quite rap-

idly. Farmers here will cut down on

bean acreage, believing price too low.

A large acreage of corn will be plant-

ed. About the usual acreage of po-

tatoes.



Branch Co.—The frost is out of the

ground, and the farmers are begin-

ning spring work, some plowing hav-

ing been done. Work is well ad-
APRIL 18, 1914.





vanced owing to the late fall and op-

en winter. Wheat and seeding looks

fair. Several rains have settled the

ground. Farmers have enough hay

and grain to carry them through.

Hens laying well. Wheat 95c; corn

65c; buckwheat $1.70 per cwt; oats

37c; potatoes 600; butter 230; eggs

16c per dozen.



Monroe Co.———Changeable weather

of March injured the wheat and seed-

ing to some extent. No spring plow-

ing done yet, but there is _much

ground fall-plowed. Potatoes 7o@85c

per bu; good timothy hay $13@15.

Milk dealers are paying 50c per cw_t.

less for milk. Cows have declined in

price.



Emmet Co.—We have had consid-

erable 'rain recently, and winter

grains and clover have not suffered

greatly. There is nothing doing on

the farm in the way of spring work,

as the frost is not all out of the

ground, and remnants of snow banks

are to be seen. Eggs are coming in

freely, the price being 16@18c. There

has been no change in prices of oth-

er produce. Fruit trees have come

through the winter in good condition.



Livingston Co.—The frost is all out

of the ground, and the farmers are

preparing for spring work. More corn

will be raised than usual, as a large

number of silos will be built this sea-

son. Wheat, rye and clover are look-

ing fine. Some hay is being market~

ed at $10 for No. 1 timothy. Beans

have advanced to $1.75, and will prob-

ably begin to move at that figure. 2



New York.



Columbia Co.—Snow still lingers in

spots where drifted. More snow fell

during March than for 25 years.

Meadows and rye have been well

protected. and the outlook is fair.

Spring work has not started, the sea-

son being late. About the usual

amount of crops will be planted. Very

little produce is being sold. Hay

and rye straw bring about $15 per

ton; potatoes $1; eggs 24c; butter

35c per pound.



Pennsylvania.



Erie Co.—Everything rather back-

ward for this time of year. Peach

buds and nearly all of the prunes are

killed, other fruit is all right. The

meadows and winter grains are look-

ing fairly well. Farmers having sug-

ar bushes are making a small amount

of syrup and sugar. Everything indi-

cates a large acreage of crops this

spring. Eggs 160; butter 25c; cheese

17c; potatoes $1; loose hay $10;

straw $5; maple sugar 13c per lb;

maple syrup $1 per gallon.



Montgomery Co.——We are having

spring weather. The snow is all gone

and the frost is out of the ground.

Roads were almost impassable for a

few weeks, but are now getting dry.

Fruit buds have not made any pro-

gress yet. Grass and grain fields

wintered well. Farmers are sowing

cloverseed and doing spring work.

Farmers on the bills have started to

plow, but those on the lowlands must

wait a few days. Eggs 200; butter

34c; milk, in city 40; at creamery

$1.30; best hay 700 per cwt; fat cat-

tle 6c. '



Lancaster Co.——Buds of fruit com-

ing slowly. Meadows are in pretty

good shape. All grain and feed has

been sold except some corn. Spring

work is late on account of the bad

weather. The main crops to be grown

this year are tobacco, wheat and

corn, and not much rye, oats or po-

tatoes. Eggs 18c; butter 35c; poultry

12@16c per lb.



Ohio.



Darke Co.—The weather is warm-

ing up some, and fruit buds will be

opened soon. Grass is greening up

nicely, and wheat is looking fairly

well. There has not been much

spring work done yet. There will be

about the usual acreage of crops

sowu excepting oats, of which less

will be sown. There will be a few

sugar beets grown.



-lndiana.



Allen Co.—The’past ten days have

been wet, and roads are practically

impassable. Meadows and wheat are

coming through in good shape. Fruit

tree buds are held in check, which is

a good thing. Corn 65@7OC; wheat

92c; oats 42c; hay $15@16; eggs 16

@170; dairy butter 22@24c; potatoes

50@600; onions $1.25; beans, hand-

picked $1.60.



Noble Co.——We are having a late

spring, with much cold, wet weather.

Farmers have begun plowing for

oats, and prospects are for an aver-

age acreage. There will be a large

acreage of corn, and wheat promises

to be a good crop. Some damage to

fruit buds has been reported, but

other trees are all right. Nearly all

the cloverseed has been sown. Clo-

verseed is worth $5.50 per bu; wheat

91c; oats 36c; corn 85c per cwt; fat

cattle $5.50@7.50; calves $7@8; hogs

$8@8.50; butter 240; eggs 15c. There

is quite a good deal of hog cholera in

this locality. ‘ .





I





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





Wisconsin.





Plerce Co.—'—Snow is gone, and the

weather is springlike. Farmers are

busy overhauling tools. Stock of all

kinds seem healthy, and the winter’s

feed' is only about two-thirds gone.

There are many potatoes still in the

farmers’ hands, and offers to sell at

400 are not taken. All winter grains

and clover look good. Nearly every

farmer keeps cows, owns a separator

and sells cream. Autos are almost

as plentiful as sewing machines.

Eggs 15c; cows $60@70 each.





Illinois.



Marion Co.——Sp’ring weather seems

to be here at last. There is already

a little pasture, and the ground is

drying out rapidly. Farmers expect

to plant oats and potatoes next week,

but the acreage of both will be small

on account of the late spring. The

cold weather has retarded the fruit

buds until the proper time, and this

promises a fair crop. The meadows

and wheat are in excellent condition.

Milch cows are selling at $60@80.

Hens are laying well. Eggs 16c; but-

ter 25@27c.



Campaign Co.—There are pros-

pects of the usual amount of oats be-

ing sown. About one-third of last

year’s corn crop is still in farmers’

hands. Eggs and butter are scarce

on account of cold dry weather. The

country is in need of spring rains.





Kansas.



Dickinson Co.—The recent heavy

rains has put the ground in fine con-

dition for growing crops. Wheat is

all right, but late fall-sown alfalfa

was winter-killed. All stock came

through the winter in good condition

on account of late pasturing, which

saved the feed. Oats are nearly all

sown, also potatoes planted. There

are quite a few sales, and mostly live

stock is sold. Pasture is scarce, as

the.land is becoming too valuable

here to pasture. Corn 76c; oats 530;

Wheat 80c; hay $15. A large number

of spring pigs are being raised.



Lincoln Co.——Wheat looks fine, and

the cattle are grazing on it. Pastures

are not showing any growth yet.

Nearly all the oats are sown. Farm-

ers are disking the corn land to keep

it from blowing and drying out. Ai-

falfa is coming out fine. Hogs are

scarce. Hens are laying well; eggs

selling at 15c. Cream is being ship-

ped, bringing 25c.



Finney Co.——We are having ideal

spring weather. Buffalo grass is get-

ting green. Stock is doing well.

Spring has begun, and farmers are

drilling barley, plowing and disking,

A great deal of milo maize will be

planted here this year. Farmers have

little to, sell except butter at 25c, and

eggs at 15c; alfalfa hay $8 per ton;

prairie hay, baled $10; corn $1.55 per

hundred.



Franklin Co.—March was warm and

dry, giving farmers an opportunity to

sow grass seed and oats. Weather

is quite springlike. Blue grass pas-

tures and lawns are starting nicely.

Meadows seem to be in good condi-

tion and Wheat and rye look fine. Al-

falfa sown last fall was nearly all

killed by the early freezes. There is

little marketed except eggs and

cream. Hens are laying well, and the

price has dropped to 16c per dozen;

cream 20c.



Nehama Co.-—After the snow went

Off the wheat looked bad in spots, but

now shows up well, and prospects are

for a bumper crop. Farmers are pre-

paring the ground for cats, and some

seeding has been done. Many pota-

toes have been planted already. Eggs

are becoming plentiful, and the price

has dropped to 180. Milch cows bring

$65@80. Horses are still getting

cheaper, some good eight to 10-year-

old horses sell for $25 each. During

the past season many cars of corn,

oats and hay have been shipped in for

feed.



Missouri.



Vernon Co.—-—The weather has been

fine. Most farmers have sown their

cats, and a large acreage has been

put in. Wheat is in fine condition.

also fall seeding of grasses have come

through the winter fine. Old mead-

ows are nearly all dead, owing to the

dry weather last summer. Feed is

getting scarce, but it will not be long

before the grass will be growing. Fat

hogs have all been shipped out of the

country. A few bunches of cattle are

still being fed. Some land is chang-

ing hands at $60@75 per acre.



McDonald Co.-——A great deal of cats

being sown. Breaking ground is the

order of the day. The farmers do

not intend to plant much corn this

year; oats, cane, kaflir corn, cowpeas,

etc., seem to be the, most popular

crops. The meadows not killed in

the dry weather of last season all

looking good.



Barton Co.-—March has brought us

fine weather. Wheat looks fine. Oats”

are nearly all in, and there was a

large acreage sown. Farmers here



(Continued on page 458).





 





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0——





Pick out your

California Farm

this Spring





Look into the money-making possibilities of dairying, poultry-

raising and fruit-growing in the San Joaquin Valley—heart of Golden

California—now. This year will see thousands of homeseekers m

Calfornia. Your foresight should lead you to anticipate this influx.



Here is a wonderfully fertile valley whose deep, rich soil. all-the-

year-’round growing climate and irrigation facilities make it a food

factory that produces a great range of crops in bountiful measure.

i' Its location gives it ready access to markets eager for all that can be

“ produced.



It is already a well—developed country. People here get together

and cooperate to save and to make money for each other.



I am here to help you to locate to advantage. I am not selling

land—but I can point out the land best adapted toyarious crops._ I

can save you time and travel. I want to secure amb1tious, progressrve

farmers to cultivate these prolific acres along the Santa Fe.



Write for our free books, “ San Joaquin Valley,” “ Dairying ” and

“Poultry.” Read what they. tell of the reasons why this country_is

good—of people who have made successes, and how—of results

which you can get if you have only the necessary energy and ambition.





I would like you to read what

the farmers already here have

to say in regard to what has

been done by them to win for-

tune in this land of big returns.





Send coupon, or your name ,

and address on a postal, say-

ing “San Joaquin Valley.”

This will bring the books

promptly and any additional in-

formation desired. ‘aRWrite to-

day.





 





 





 





C. L. Seagraves, Genl. Colonization Agent,

A T. & S. F. Ry., 2295 Railway Exchange,

Chicago:

Please send me free copies of your three

books on farming in the San Joaquin Valley,

California.





   

   

   

 

 

 





   





 





 

   

   

 





 





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these with the Red Top





They are built to give the same long wear

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Made in Boots and Lumberman’s Shoes—

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These great Boots and Lumberman’s Shoes are

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In stock by this time—but if he hasn’t, send us his

name when you write for the booklet and we will

see that you are supplied. Address Dept. 18 E;





 





 





The B. F. Goodrich Company

Factories: Akron, 01:10





There is nothing in Goodricladdver-

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Makers of Goodrich Tim and Every-





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TH E {M IECHI‘ GA N PA R M‘E R





APRIL 18,” 1914.





 





458—18

LEIIIIIIIIIiIlIII!IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIII||||HIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIE

Markets.

ILLLJIIIII|||IIHIIII|llllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIliII|IIIIIIII|IIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIII||IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII





GRAINS AND SEEDS.





 





Wheat—Trading continued steady

the past week. The most important

bearish news in the worm market is

the excellent condition of the grow-

ing crop in this country. With the

single exception of reports of green

bugs working in the plant in Okla-

homa, every item of news pictures

ideal growing conditions throughout

the land. The heavy movement of

wheat toward Europe has given buy—

ers an easy feeling there. On the

other hand, Germany reports unfav‘

orable weather and the shipments

from Australia are far more disap-

pointing than was expected, both as

to quantity and quality. The visible

supply shows a decrease of over one

million bushels. One year ago No. 2

red wheat was quoted at $1.09 per

bushel on the local market. Prices

for. the past week are:



No.2 No.1





Red. White. May.,





Wednesday . .. . .97%, 96% 98%,

Thursday ....... 971/3 97 981/4

Friday .............. . . . . . .

Saturday ........ 98 971/), 99

Monday ......... 98 97 1/2 99

Tuesday ........ 98 1A; 98 99 1/3





Chicago, (April 14).-——May wheat

911,4; July 86130 per bu.



Corn.—On the local market corn

has had a favorable week from the

seller’s standpoint. But little grain

has been coming here and prices

have advanced accordingly. At Chi-

cago improvement in the weather

and the probability of increased im-

ports from Argentine were credited

with the weaker tone prevailing

there. The visible supply of the

country decreased over a million





bushels. One year ago No. 3 corn

was quoted at 560 per bu. Quota-

tions for the week are:

No. 2 No. 2



Mixed Yellow.

Wednesday ......... 68 70. .

Thursday ........... 68 70

Friday ............. . . . .

Saturday ........... 68 70

Monday ............ 69 71

Tuesday ............ 681/2 70%,





Chicago, April 14).—May corn

671,80; July 66140 per bu.



Oats.—-—This cereal continues steady

and quiet. Prices are unchanged.

The delay in spring seeding has been

a bullish element in the trade. Stan-

dard oats were quoted at 39c per bu.

a year ago. The visible supply de-

creased less than half a million bush-

els. Quotations for the week are:





No. 3

Standard. White.

Wednesday . . . . . . 421/2 42

Thursday .......... 42% 42

Friday ............. . . . . . . -

Saturday ........... 421/2 42

Monday ............ 421,5 42

Tuesday ........... 421/5 42

Chicago, (April 14) .—May oats,





371,40; July 375/8c per bu.

Beans—Good demand continues at

steady prices. The local board of

trade quotes immediate and prompt

shipments at $1.98; May $2.02 per bu.

Chicago reports higher prices. Pea.

beans, hand-picked, choice, are steady

at $2.15; common $1.75@1.90; red

kidneys, choice $3.15@3.75.

Rye.———This cereal is steady. No. 2

is quoted at 68%0 per bu.

Bar'ley.-At Chicago narIey rules

easy and is quoted at 54@64c per bu.,

while Milwaukee quotes the malting

grades at from 52@65c.

CIoverseed.—Values continue about

steady. Prime spot $7.65 per bu; al-

sike at $7.95. Toledo prime cash is

quoted at $7.45 and prime alsike at

$10 per busheL

Timothy.kPrime spot is selling at

$2.30 per bu.





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





Flown—Jobbing lots in one-eighth

paper sacks are selling on the Detroit

market per 196 lbs. as follows. Best

patent $5.30; second $5; straight

$4.75; spring patent $5.10; rye flour

$4.40 per bbl.



Feed.——ln 100-lb. sacks, jobbing lots

are: Bran $29; coarse middlings $28;

fine middlings $30; cracked corn $30;

coarse corn meal $29; corn and oat

chop $6.50 per ton. .



Straw.——-Steady. Rye $8@8.50; oat

straw $7@7.50; wheat straw $7@7.50

per ton.



New York—Rye straw $17@18.



Hay.-—Prices higher, receipts lim-

ited and demand steady. Carlots on

track at Detroit are: No. 1 timothy

$15.50@16; standard $14.50@15: No.

2, $13@14; light mixed $14.50@15;

No. 1 mixed $13@13.50; No. 1 clover

$12.50@13. \





New York—Prices advanced as of-

ferings were restricted. No. 1 tim-

othy $21@21.50; No. 3 standard $17@

20; light clover, mixed $18@19.50;

clover $17@18 per ton for the large

bales. .



Chicago—Prices here rule steady.

Choice timothy is quoted at $18@19

per ton; No. 1, $16@17; No. 2, $13@

14 per ton.





DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





Button—Market firm with prices

1/2c lower. Extra creamery 251/2c per

lb; firsts 2494c; dairy 17c; packing

stock 14c.



Chicago—Market is steady, with

the prices unchanged. Extra cream-

ery 250; extra firsts 24c; firsts 211/2

@221/éc; seconds 19@20c; ladles 17

@18c; packing stock 160 per lb.



Elgin.—Market is firm at 25@25%c

per 1b., which is 1/2@lc higher than

last week.



New York—The market is unset-

tled, with prices about 10 lower.

Creamery extras 25@251,éc; firsts

23%@241/2c; seconds 22@23c; pack-

ing stock 15@16c per lb.



Eggs.——Market is easy on account

of liberal receipts. Prices are 10

lower. Current receipts of fresh

stock are quoted at 18c.



Chicago—The market is steady at

prices averaging 1/2c lower than last

week. Receipts are liberal and a

large share is going into storage.

Miscellaneous lots, cases included, 17

@1814c; ordinary firsts 16%@17c per

doz; firsts 171,..’,@171/2c; seconds 15c.



New York.——Market is weak as the

supply is greater than, the demand.

Fresh gathered extras 21@211/§c; ex-

tra firsts 20@201,éc; firsts 19@191/zc.



Poultry.——Market quiet but steady.

Neither demand or supply very large.

Prices the same. Live—Springs 19@

20c; turkeys 19@20c; geese 14@15c;

ducks 15@160.



Chicago—This market is quiet.

Speculators took advantage of the re-

cent drop in the price of fowls, but

otherwise the demand was light.

Prices are about the same. Quota-

tions on live are: Turkeys, good

weight 160; others 12c; fowls, choice

171/40; spring chickens 18c; geese

120; ducks 16@180 per lb.





 





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





 





Apples.—Demand is fairly good and

prices are unchanged. No. 1 $5.50@

6.50; No. 2, $4@4.50 per bbl. In Chi-

cago the market is quiet, and the de-

mand is tame. Fruit goes down

quickly after being taken from storage.

Prices have not changed: Barrel

stock is quoted: Spies $5.50@6;

faédwins $5@5.75; Ben Davis $4@





Potatoes.—Market is firm, with

prices slightly higher. Quotations: In

bulk 62@64c per bu; in sacks 66@

670 per bu. for carlots. At Chicago

the market is active with prices about

50 higher. The supply is not equal to

the demand, and buyers are anxious.

Good Michigan stock 65@720 per bu.

In New York the demand is also ac-

tive. Reports from there state that

the old stock is pretty well cleaned

up. Michigan stock is in good de-

mand at 77@800 at New York, but

the supply is light.





DETROIT EASTERN MARKET.





 





The market was active Tuesday

morning, with a liberal number of

buyers and sellers present. Potatoes

were offered more freely at prices

shaded to 75@800 per bushel. Cab-

bage is scarcer at $1.25 per bushel;

carrots 650 per bu; eggs 220 per doz;

rhubarb 25@400 per bunch, according

to quality; onions 150 per large

bunch. Loose hay is more active,

:Vlth prices ranging from $15@18 per

on.





GRAND RAPIDS.





 





Some eggs are being bought for

storage now, with market at 16%@

17c and buyers not so keen as com-

mon for stock. Dairy butter is quot-

ed at 170. The poultry market is

steady, with chickens worth 151760;

ducks 16@17c; geese 12@13c. Dress-

hogs continue at 101/2@llc. Potatoes

locally are around 600; Greenville re-

ports 50@55c, and other stations

around 50c. Hay on the market is

still bringing $15@18 by the load.

Baled hay has been shipped in in

quantities to retail at $15. Grain

prices at the mills as follows: Wheat

91c; com 650; oats 390; rye 580.





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Buffan.



(Special Report of Dunning and Stev-

ens, New York Central Stock

Yards, East Buffalo, N. Y.)



Receipts of stock here today as

follows: Cattle 115 Cars; hogs 125 d.





 





d.; sheep and lambs 55 d. d.; calves

1500 head.



With 115 carsof cattle on our mar-

ket here today, and 22,000 reported in

Chicago, we had a brisk and active

market from start to finish. Weather

was good and bright and we think

the cattle all filled to good advantage

and we sold them all the way from

10@25c per cwt. higher than last

week; in fact, there was a load of

cattle here today that sold for $9.40

per cwt., .but they were a fancy bunch

of black poll cattle, averaged 1507,

and regarded by good judges to be

the best load of cattle that has been

here so far in 1914. Market closed

firm, with everything sold and pros

pects fair.



Our receipts of hogs were liberal,

about 125 d. d., all told. Light re—

ceipts in the west was quite a help

to our trade here today and, while

prices run about 50 lower than Satur-

day’s average, trading was active and

a good clearance was made. Bulk of

the best hogs sold at $9.25, with

choice heavies quotable at $9.10@

$9.20; pigs and lights, as to weight

and quality, from $8.90@9.15; roughs

$8@8.25; stags $6.50@7.50.



The market was active today on

both lambs and sheep. Prices 200

higher than the close of last week on

lambs; sheep steady. Choice handy

lambs selling mostly at $8.85. We

look for steady prices on lambs the

last of the week. It will depend upon

receipts. ‘



We quote: Choice lambs $8.75@

8.85; heavy do, $8@8.25; cull to fair

lambs $7@8.65; yearlings $7.50@8;

bucks $4.50@5.25; handy ewes $6.25@

6.50; heavy ewes $6@6.25; wethers

$6.75@7; cull sheep $4.50@575; veals-

choice to exrra $9.75@10; fair to

good $8.50@9.50; heavy calves $5.50

@7.





 





Chicago. -

April 13, 1914.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Receipts today..22,000 32,000 17,000

Same day 1913..26,433 36,788 22,900

Last week ..... 34,145 109,791 91,687

Same w’k 1913..50,615 104,008 89,179

The cattle supply today was very

moderate for a Monday, yet aside

from a good trade in fat butcher

stock at steady prices, sales were

slow, and steers were called largely

10c lower. Hogs were active at firm

to Sc higher prices, with sales at

$8.50@8.95. Hogs received last week

averaged 232 lbs, being four pounds

lighter than the average of a fort-

night ago. Sheep and lambs were

scarce and largely 10@15c higher,

with an active demand and prime

wooled lambs purchased at $8.50.

Cattle prices have been on the

down-grade much of the time in re-

cent weeks, despite the greatly _re-

duced receipts, for the consumption

of beef has been seriously lessened

through its dearness and the large

numbers of men out of work, while

the Lenten season and the abundance

of comparatively cheap eggs recently

increased the depression. But the

cattle receipts last week were so ex-

tremely meagre that at last prices 1m-

proved and showed average advances

of 15@25c. The bulk of the beef

steers crossed the scales at a range

of 7.75@9, with a very fair showing

of prime heavy beeves on Wednes-

day at $9.05@9.45 and a top of $9.50

for the week. Inferior to fair light-

weight steers sold at $7@7.95, medi-

um to good steers at $8@8.45 and

good fat heavy cattle at $8.50@9,

with ordinary to prime yearling

steers going at $7.50@9.40. Butcher-

ing cows and heifers shared in the

upward movement, with a good de-

mand at $5.30@9, 67 fancy little

Hereford yearling heifers that aver-

aged around 600 lbs. going at $9,

while cutters sold at $4.70@5.25, can-

ners at $3.45@4.65 and bulls at $5@

8, with most of the bulls taken at

$5.25@7.50. A lively demand for

prime light-weight veal calves for the

Easter trade caused a boom in prices

vealers going briskly at $9@10.75 per

100 lbs., while coarse to good heavy

calves brought $5@8.50. Scant of-

ferings and high prices prevented

much activity in the stocker and

feeder traffic, although many farmers

were anxious to refill their feed lots.

Most of these cattle sold at $6@8.10,

with a few inferior stockers taken

below $6 and high—class little year-

ling stockers going close to top

prices. .Stock steer calves of heavy

weight were in excellent demand at

$7.50@8.25, while stock and feeding

cows and heifers brought $5.25@7.

Milch cows were in improved deman

at $55@85 each. -

Hogs are being marketed less lib-

erally than earlier in the season, and

stockmen are sure to withhold sup-

plies whenever prices go ‘lower, the

result being that frequent recoveries

take place. Ever since prime hogs ad-

vanced several weeks ago to the $9

mark, frequent rallies have put the

top price near that price, and pur-





\





chases of the better class of hogs for

eastern shipment have been a power-

ful bullish influence. There has been

the yearly gradual increase in aver-

age weights of the hogs received, and

this has resulted in prime light and

medium butcher weights selling at

top prices, with the best heavy hogs

taken 5@100 below the highest daily

quotations. In recent weeks the re-

ceipts have averaged from 234 to 236

lbs., comparing with 242 lbs. a year

ago, 228 .lbs. two years ago and 237

lbs. three years ago. There is a. large

demand for fresh pork products,

these selling much lower than other

meats, but stocks of provisions are

accumulating, largely because of high

prices. On April 1 the aggregate

stocks of salted hog meats in the

principal western packing centers

amounted to 249,000,000 lbs., being 8,-

000,000 lbs. larger than. a year earlier

and showing an increase for March

of 5,489,000 lbs. Although the hog

receipts exceeded those for the pre-

ceding week, prices stood on Satur-

day not much lower than a week ago,

with hog sales at $8.45@8.921,é and

pigs at $7.50@8.75.



Sheep and lambs started off last

week in a bad way, a large Monday

supply enabling buyers to make their

purchases 10@25c lower. The Mon-

day run aggregated 35,721 head, and

the best wooled lambs sold at $8.25

Later in the week much smaller re-

ceipts put the market higher, with a

much larger general demand. On

Wednesday a consignment of four

single decks of prime wooled wethers

from Wisconsin was sold to an ex»

porter and a local packer, the sheep

averaging 157 and 173 lbs. respec-

tively, the price being $7.20, the high-

est in nearly a year. Colorado-fed

wooled lambs made up the principal

part of the receipts, with a small

showing of sheep and yearlings and

spring lambs. Shorn lambs were in

fair supply. Wooled flocks closed as

follows on Saturday: Lambs $6.50@

$8.35; feeding lambs $6.50@7.25;

wethers $6.35@7.20; ewes $4.25@6.75;

bucks $5.50@6; yearlings $7@7.50.

Shorn lambs brought $6.10@7.10.





NATIONAL CROP REPORT.





 





The Crop Reporting Board of the

Bureau of Statistics (Agricultural

Forecasts), United States Department

of Agriculture, estimates, from the

reports of correspondents and agents

of the Bureau, that the average con-

dition of winter wheat on April 1

was 95.6 per cent of a normal, against

91.6 on April 1, 1913, 80.6 on April 1,

1912, and 85.7, the average condition

for the past ten years on April 1.

There was a decline in condition

from December 1, 1913, to April 1,

1914, of 1.6 points, as compared with

an average decline in the past ten

years of 3.5 points between these

dates.



The average condition of rye on

April 1 was 91.3 per cent of a nor-

mal, against 89.3 on April 1, 1913,

87.9 on April 1, 1912, and 89.2, the

average condition for the past ten

years on April 1.





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





 





(Continued from page 457).

are learning that it pays to take care

in putting in the crop and also not to

rely on a single grain crop. Stock

looks well for this time of year. The

farmers have very little to sell. Corn

75c; wheat 84c; seed oats 580; feed-

ing oats 45c; hay $15; hogs $8; cat-

tle $6.50. Horses and mules of good

quality are high.

Nebraska.



Dawson Co.—There has been a

large increase in egg production, and

the price is now 200. Conditions have

been promising for winter wheat. We

have had numerous wind storms, and

little rain, though the subsoil is soak-

ed to a great depth. Wheat 73c; corn

65c; oats 40c; rye 50c; barley 400;

dairy butter 250; butter-fat 29c;

steers 5@7c; hogs $7@8; hens 100.



South Dakota.



Todd Co.—Are having fair spring

Weather, and the prairie is starting

to get green. Farmers have begun

their spring work. Milch cows sell

from $75@95, and are scarce. Butter

and cream- 200; eggs 15c; potatoes

65c; hay $5@9.50; Wheat 62@68c;

oats and rye 45c.



Colorado.



Marion Co.——The ‘-weather is fine

and the ground is in good condition

to work. Oat sowing is general. All

fall grains are in good shape. Mea-

dows are beginning to grow. Farm-

ers are planting potatoes and garden-

ing. A few cattle for grazing are be-

ing bought.‘ Feed is scarce and hay

is being shipped in at $15 per ton.

Horse buyers are numerous, and

stock, except horses, sells high at,

ales. Corn 720; oats 46c; butter 21c;

eggs 19c; poultry is not as plentiful

as usual. . ‘ .





ID-”—





was





‘57:; war
g





' have not expresse





A APRIL is: 19





Thus 13,1135. FIRST EDITION.

The first editionis sent to those who

(1 a desire for the

latest markets.” The late market edi«

tion’ will he sent on request at any

time.





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Thursday’s Market.

. April 9, 1914.

Cattle.





Receipts 1074. Good grades bulls

and canners steady; other grades

10c higher than last week.



We quote: Best steers and heifers

$8@8.25; steers and heifers, 1000 to

1200, $7.50@7.75; do 800 to 1000 $7.25

@750; do that are fat, 500 to 700,

$6.50@7.25; choice fat cows $5; good

do, $5.75@6; common cows, $5@5.25;

canners, $3@4.25; choice heavy bulls

$7@7.50; fair to good bologna bulls,

$6.50@6.75; stock bulls $5.50@6.50;

choice feeding steers, 800 to 1000,

$6.75@7; fair do, $6.50@6.75; chorce

stockers, 500 to 700, $6.75@7; fair

stockers, 500 to 700, $6@6.50; stock

heifers $5.50@6; milkers, large,

young, medium age $65@80;icommon

milkers $40@50. _



Bishop, B. & H. sold Mason B. Co.

1 bull wgh 1040 at $6, 15 steers av

930 at $7.75; to Bresnahan 6 heifers

av 696 at $7; to Goose 1 bull wgh

1310 at $7.25; to Newton B. Co. 18





 





steers av 997 at $7.50,. 2 do av 850 at





$7.75, 6 do av 866 at $7.60, 4 cows av

862 at $5, 3 do av 1070 at $6.25, 1

bull wgh 1220 at $7; to'Sullivan P.

Co. 5 steers av 990 at $7.75, 2 cows

av 1315 at $6.25; to Parker, W. &

Co. 11 cows av 1011 at $6, 4 do av

1072 at $6, 10 steers av 940 at $7.40,

16 do av 808 at $7.30; to Rattkowsky

4 cows av 1000 at $5.75, 3 do av 850

at $4.50; to Thompson Bros. 5 do av

1200 at $6, 1 do wgh 1040 at $5.50, 1

bull wgh 1620 at $7; to Sullivan P.

Co. 2 bulls av 1490 at $7.25, 4 heifers





av 775 at $6.75, 1 steer wgh 1100 at.





$7.50, 2 do av 955 at $7.40, 5 butchers

av 938 at $7.25, 4 do av 807 at $7.55;

to Parker, W. & Co. 1 cow wgh 890

at $5.25, 4 do av 1050 at $6, 12 butch-

ers av 686 at $7.10, 22 steers av 990

at $8.25, 1 cow wgh 820 at $6, 2 do

av 810 at $4.25; to Rattkowsky 6

cows av 958 at $6.30; to Bresnahan

2‘ butchers av 785 at $4.75, 7 do av

690 at $6.85; to Rainer 1 bull wgh

1350 at $7.50; to Rattkowsky 5 bulls

av 1056 at $6.50; to Mason B. Co. 12

steers av 896 at $7.50; to Breitenbeck

17 do av 946 at $7.30.



Roe Com. Co. sold Mich. B. CO. 4

cows av 1027 at $6.25. 1 steer wgh

1470 at $8, 11 do av 915 at $7.35; to

Breitenbeck 9 cows av 1011 at $5.65.



Veal Cales.



Receipts 1023. Market $1 lower

than on Wednesday; will close low-

er. Best $11.50@12; others $8@10.



Roe Com. Co. sold Kamman B. Co.

6 av 125 at $11.50, 6 av 130 at $11.50;

to Mich. B. Co. 18 av 140 at $12.



Haley & M. sold Mich. B. Co. 22 av

150 at $12; to Parker, W. & Co. 10 av

141 at $12.50; to Rattkowsky 16 av

150 at $13; to Goose 15 av 140 at

$12.50, 2 av 105 at $9.50; to Apple-

baum 2 av 100 at $10.50, 6 av 155 at

$12.121/2; to Newton B. CO. 28 av

140 at $11.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts 4035. Market steady. Best

lambs $8@8.15; fair to good lambs,

$7@7.75; light to common lambs,

$6.50@7; yearlings $7.25@7.50; fair

to good sheep, $5.50@6.50; culls and

common $4.50@5.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Young 54

lambs av 93 at $8.15; to Nagle P. Co.

189 do av 85 at $8.10; to Parker, W.

& Co. 75 do av 58 at $7.50, 58 do av

69 at $8.10, 57 do av 80 at $8.25, 609

do av 90 at $8; to Mich. B. Co. 34

clip lambs av 70 at $6.50; to Sullivan

P. Co. 18 yearlings av 110 at $6.50;

to Kull 17 clip lambs av 80 at $7; to

Harland 32 do av 70 at $6.25; to Or-

lich 3 spring lambs av 40 at $13; to

Nagle P. Co. 101 lambs av 68 at

$8.10; to Hayes 20 do av 65 at $7.75;

to Thompson Bros. 25 do av 75 at $8,

9 sheep av 140 at $6; to Kamman B.

Co. 19 lambs av 95 at $8; to Newton

B. Co. .80 do av 65 at $7.50; to Fitz-

patrick Bros 16 yearlings av 90 at

$7.50, 10 lambs av 63 at $7, 7 sheep

av 115 at $6, 50 lambs av 73 at $7.75,

14 lambs av 67 at $7; to Hayes 39 do

av 65 at $7.75; to Barlage 16 sheep

av 95 at $5.75, 81 lambs av 62 at

$7.75; to Youngs 68 do av 65 at $7.50;

to Newton B. Co. 53 do av 80 at $8;

to Barlage 44 do av 75 at $8; to Na-

gle P. Co. 255 do av 85 at $8.15, 14 do

av 75 at $8.





Hogs.



Receipts 7304. None sold at noon.

Prospects steady. Pigs $8.85; oth-

ers $8.90. —



Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S.

& Co. 3110 av 190 at $8.90.





Roe Com- Co. sold Sullivan P. Cofi





550 av 190 at $8.90.

Spicer & R. sold Parker, W. & Co.





- 450 av 195 at‘$8.90.





Haley & M. sold same 1280 av 195

at $8.90. -





 

 





 





 





Friday's Market. ,

. April 10, 1914.





Cattle.



Receipts this week 1264; last week

1700; market steady. We quote: Best

steers and heifers $8@8.25; steers

and heifers, 1000 to 1200, $7.50@7.75;

do 800 to 1000, $7@7.25; do that are

fat, 500 to 700, $6.50@7; choice fat

cows, $6@6.25; good do $5.25@5.50;

common do $4.50@5; canners $3.50@

4.25; choice heavy bulls $6.75@7; fair

to good bologna bulls, $6.50; stock

bulls, $5.50@6.25; choice feeding

steers, 800 to 1000, $6.50@7; fair do





$6.25@6.75; choice stockers, 500 to

700, $6.50@6.75; fair do, $6@6.25;

stock heifers, $5.75@6.25; milkers

large, young, medium age, $65@80;





common milkers $35@50.

Veal Calves.



Receipts this week 1208; last week

727; market 50@75c lower; best, $9

@10; others $8@8.50. ‘



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this Week 4127; last week

4154; market 10c higher. Best lambs

$8.25; fair to good do $7.50@8.15;

light to common lambs $6.75@7.25;

yearlings $7.25@7.50; fair to good

sheep $5.50@6.50; culls and common

$4.50@5.





Hogs.

Receipts this week 8958; last week





7348; market steady. Pigs $8.85;

others $8.90. _





LIVE STOCK NEWS.





 





Farmers of the southwest are re-

ported as slow to invest in stock

steers weighing around 700 lbs. at the

asking price of about $50 per head,

and there is an increasing disposition

to engage in breeding beef cattle.



Northern Colorado is reported to

have marketed over half of_the lambs

and sheep fed the past winter, and

remaining holdings are moving free-

ly, with about 75 per cent of the cur-

rent lamb receipts in the Chicago

Stock Yards hailing from Colorado.

These lambs are mostly good and fat,

and the only complaint heard is that

too many of them have been held un-

til they are too heavy to suit the pop-

ular taste, this objection causing

them to go at a considerable discount

from prices paid for lighter lots.





Efforts made some time ago to in-

crease the imports of Mexican cattle

into the United States have been

frustrated by the recent impost of

$10 ordered at the boundary by Mexi-

can officials, and very few cattle are

crossing the line.



Texas is expected to ship from

220,000 to 300,000 cattle to the south-

western markets during April, May

and June. As feed is plentiful, and

cattle are expected to command good

prices, these cattle are likely to be

shipped later than usual. These cat-

tle held below the quarantine line are

young.





 





 





 

 

 

 

   

   

 

   





 





that's the most fitting name for a scale. It reg- '

Islers the value of your hay, grain or livestock.

Showsif you get your money’s worth of what

you buy. Get the easily built. accurate





‘ Steel

Allen Piiless m... Scale

Guaranteed for ten years. Works without trio-

tion. Absolutely accurate according to U. 8.

Standard. ,

Allen Improved Land Rollers

We Guarantee satis- “properly pack

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en condlt on for

Allen Hue“ Scale Cm. seeding. Cuhor easy

'0! ‘0 New Castle. Ind. , ' terms. Write To-Dny.

1‘ _ Q‘

‘—





LET

THE

WIND





 





   





 





   





oh”





 





 





 





   





Pvlil’elFOR L,"

NOTHING





WHY PAY FOR GASOLINE

WHEN WIND 13 FREEI

on n 85¢. Heavy, Powerful.

1:! Running. Double Geared





WI N D M I L L



1?? sane to: CATAIDG

‘ ’We also build Ideal Feed

Milk. Pump Jocks. Hand

Grindina Minster Poultry Rail-

,- r. on, ' Engine. Ema."

'S'IOVER MANUFACTURING COMPANY



311 Samson Avenue. FREEPORT. ILLINOIS :-





 

   





 





 





   

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Michigan White Cedar





FENCE POSTS





GEORGE M. CHANDLER. Onawav. "£011.":





 

 

 

 

 

   





 





 





an...“ MICHIGAN * mm...





19'—459





Natural Beef'Country





 





winter.

freeze.





 

 





 





Immigration figures show that the population ,

at Canada increased during 1913, by the addition

of 400,000 new settlers from the United states

and Europe. Most of these have gone on farms .

in Manitoba. Saskatchewan and Alberta. .



Lord William Percy, on English Nobleman

88,8: - ..



”The possibilities and opportunities offered by .- ‘ . _

0h Canadian West are so infinite]: greater ' '

than those which exist in Engian , but it

seems absurd to think that people should be

impeded from coming to the country where

they can most easily and certainly improve

heir position.” ~



New districts are being opened up,

which will make accessible a great

number of homosteads in districts

especially adapted to mixed tarm- ,

ing and grain raising. . ‘



For illustrated literature and

reduced railway rates. apply to

Superintendent of migration,

Ottawa, Canada. or to the



in Government Agent.





 

 

 

 





I. V. Hoolnnes.

m Joilorson Ivonne.

Detroit. Mich.





 





The Michigan Speed

a... Governor





GUARANTEED to run cream

separators right from either

engine or line shaft. Thous-

ands use them. All are satis-

fied. Write for full informa-

tion to Howell Machinery Co..

Howell. Michigan.





 





Sum Cronin

Sovoo Labor

Save- the Separator





IME





Pulverized Magnesia Lime Rock,

shipped direct to farmers at lowest

prices. Comes to you in closed cars

and absolutely dry. lVe ship from

Muskegon and Bentor Harbor, Mich.





Write today for interesting Book-

lets and sample.





LAKE SHORE STONE

MILWAUKEE, WIS.





CO.,





 





~FOR SALE late PETOSKEY.

seed Po‘a‘ocs Bli ht proof, free from scab.

800bu.. sacks free. GE . BILLS, Hale. Michigan.





These are our specialt‘es



DRESSED “068 just now. Our 25 yealrs'

perience h to. ht ‘



DRE-SSE” VEAL law to sell thfm llogr YO];





to best advantage. Our

POULTRY reputation for honest dealing

—-—-—- and quick returns is assured by

our record.

WRITE TODAY.





Chas. W. Rudd 8- Son, Detroit, Mich.





Slilp your Hay in Pittsburgh andio

llaniol McCailroy Sons Company

Pittsburgh. Pa.

Rafi—any bank or Mercantile Agency





. Wholesale Commission House.

Enggs, FIIII'I'& 30-, Detroit. Want your apples.

potatoes, poultry and rabbits. Quick returns.





FARMERS—We are paying good premium above



the 001013] Detroit Market for new-

Iald e o shipped direct to us by express. Write us

for in ormation. It will pay you. American Butter

& Cheese 00.. 31-33 Griswold 8t... Detroit. Mich.





Farms and Farm lands For Sale

Widow Must Sell





[85 Acre Farm Equipped, $2800.





Eight good cows. two hogs, poultry, quantity hay and

wood. valuable farming machinery. wagons. tools. etc..

no with this splendid farm to quick buyer: dark loam

fields out 40 to 50 tons hay. abundantly watered

pasture for 25 cows and 200 sheep. several hundred

apple trees: lO-room house, 60-ft. barn. running spring

water in both: charming location, overlooking vlll e

and beautiful valley: only 1% miles to town, 11.3%.

station. high school. etm. widow unable to care for it:

everything goes for only $2800. half cash; full details.

.ooation. eto.. page 3. ”Strout's Spring List or Form



STBOUT





Rn ins.‘ inst out. copy e. . .

E‘Arggd AGENCY. Station 101, Union Bank Bldg..

Pittsburg. Pa.





FARMERS ATTENTION!





Do you want toeell your farm? Do you want to

buyafnrm? let your property with us. A postal

Wassbssa'ri'rissassirr



N B R .

307 Scherer BIdr..DETBOI'R MIICHFAU





 





 





 





 





 





 





On our line the mild climate keeps cattle on open range all

Expensive barns are not needed. Water troughs don’t

Many kinds of roughage can be grown, and





You Gan Pui Up 00m Silage for $2 a Tan





and fatten your beef in one-third the time required elsewhere.



There is a strong local demand at good prices, and all well-informed



men predict that the beef of the future must come from the South.

Write for illustrated booklets and magazines tellingrof the





successes Northern men have made in Kentucky,

see, Georgia, Alabama, West Florida and South Mississippi. (411)





G. I. PARK, Gen’l lmln. and lnd'l Agent, Box 105 louisvillo & Nashville ll. IL, louisvillo, Ky.





 

 





   

 





 

 





 





   

   

 





ennes-





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





I I I I



Bargains snapped up quick like ilu: loud land.



21 acres—two sets buildin a. one house worth “(1)0.

in line shape All‘klnds o hen houses. Pour bra

barns. corn crib. big orchard. another good house.

buildings worth twice price asked. 3 miles to railroad

town. I sold this month only $4000. easy terms. Hey

this year will 'pay near half rice asked. can run

auto over it lay so good. Now 0 you want it?

Hails Farm Agency. Owego. Tiogo Co.. New York.





—200 Acre Dairy farm 3 miles from



Galeeburg, 2 houses. 2 barns with



stable for 38 cows. 3 silos, cream



eefiarator. figs engine. An excellent up-tood‘ate farm.

DWIN .





VUSBURG, Kalamazoo. Michigan.





 





 





MICHIGAN FARIWING LANDS





Near Saginaw and Bay City. in Gladwin and Midland

Counties. Low prices: Easy terms: Clear title. Write

for maps and particulars. STAFFELD BROTHERS,

15 Merrill Building, Saginaw, (W. 8.), Michigaz.





 





6000 ACRES—Rainy Lake. Preeque Isle County.

_ Clay loam land. lumbered 20



gears ago. Easily cleared. $10 to 812.50 per acre.

mall payment. long time. Also lZOO-acrc ranch and

partly improvedfnrm. No crop failures or floods.

Grain, grass. fruit. vegetables and live stock returns

challenge com aruson. JOHN C. KRAI'TH. owner,

Rainy Lake ettlement, P. O. Millersburg, Mich.





 





 





—I havea stock of general mor-



For sale or trade chandise to trade for a good farm.



Don't want a sand hill. Stock ulll inventory $5,000.



I have also a large number of stood farms for sale.

A. McARTHI'B, Pt. Huron. Michigan.





 





40 Acres fine land for general farming and poultry. Good

buildings. near market and school. M n bargain. For

particulars write owner. R. .I. Brown. R. 2. Seottville. Mich.





 





FARMS, GOOD. CHEAP, PROFITABLES





UNUSUAL OPPORTUNITIES NOW.

State Board of Agriculture. Dover. Delaware.





—Two cm s a car here.

SOUTH GEOREI‘ F‘nus no snow.pNew 3Colon} of

Ohio and Michigan Farmers. Vir in soils, on railroad.

write for folder today. WAYNE DEVELOPMENT

COMPANY. Owners. Grand Bldg,Brunswicklieorgia.





 





 





 





 





 





 





BEST FOR THE READER

THEREFORE



BEST FOR THE ADVERTISER



Arranged according to location. reading

from east to west.



Ohio Farmer,



Cleveland. Ohio,

(Rate 00c per line ) Guaranteed One 1.000

Michigan Former, Circulation Line Lines



Dot! n, nu h. ‘ 240. ‘12 .‘ 8



(Rate 46b per 6line.) 'b‘ $1.05 $1.08





Pennsylvania Farmer

Phllldolphla. Pa.

Rate 20c per line.)

indiana Farmer,

Indianapolis, Ind.

The Progressive

Farmer



Birmingham, An.

Breeder’s Gazette,

ChicagoJll.

floard’s Dairyman.

Fl. Atkinson, Wis.

Wisconsin Agri-

culturalisi,

Racine. Wis.

The Farmer,

St. Paul. Minn.





Wallace’s Farmer,

Des Moinos. in.





Kansas Farmer,

Topeka. Kan.



Oklahoma Farm

Journal,



Oklahoma, Okla.





The Missouri





55,113 .25 .235





170.000 .80 .90

00,328 .50 .50

(5,470 .40 .35»





63, 454 . 30 . 30

140, 855 .60 .55





70, 000 . 35 . 35





 





 





 





6l , 253 30. . 30





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The Prairie

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QUICK ACTING REMEDY FOR

WHITE DIARRHEA.





When I ordered the remedy, I had

125 chicks in the brooder and they

were dying fast from white diarrhea.

After the sixth dose, they stopped dy-

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I have another lot of 125 chicks just

hatched. I am giving your remedy

and have not lost any so far. I am

nearly out of Abbott’s Remedy now. I

want you to send me two large boxes.

HMI'S. Tillie Adler, La Salle, Mich.



This remedy for white diarrhea,

chicken cholera and other bowel ail-

ments in poultry may be secured from

The Abbott Alkaloidal Company, Ra-

venswood, Chicago, Illinois. Fifty

cents and $1.00 boxes with booklet on

poultry diseases by parcel post. Money

back if not satisfied.——Advertisement.





Ilose 00ml) Ilhode Island Iled Eggs ’iég’fpfiia?“





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PLYMOUTH Rock coclkerelsb to ll lhs.. according to

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T in Turkeys 8 to 11113. according to age. Price

t00$25. 10 eggs“. A E. OBAM'l ‘ON. Vassar. Mich.





EGGS FOII "Archive-3115011111101 *1 ppf'if‘,



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MRS. CALVIN FULLER, 11.120per 2. Bancroft. Mich

—- f



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OR SALE— —Eggs for hatching from M. Pekin Ducks

F and H. 0. Br Leghorns two best. lines in America.





 





also a few ckrls. at $1.50 each. and two Jersey hull

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AY Poutry Ranch. Marshall. Mich

Barred Rock E353.“N 15 For 81.50.10!) For 37.

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WHITE LEIiIIIIIIIIS IIII-Illll-IlIllIiK8"sliniii'i‘ii’.ff





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CHICKS—We ship thousands each season Booking





orders now for spring deliv.ery Prices always right.

Free booklet. Freeport Ilutcherv. Box 12. Freeport. lileh.





LILLIB FARHSTEAD POULTRY





B. P Rooks. 11.1. Reds. and 8. C. W. oLcfihoi-n cg.

for 3510.15 for 81:” for 81:50 50 f 50

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Eggs For Haichiflg Pekln ducks. White African

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—As nod as the bolst.

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make the





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more than i i -

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a.





   





 

 





Jim Roanh , .

BELLE tinny méuaAron co. . = ~

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PF I L PS 65 Varletles





AND and Water l7‘owle.‘n Farm-

raised stock. with egg season.

Bend 2c for my valuable ustrnted do-

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ILVER White and Golden Wyandottes. Eggs from

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prices. Browning's Wynndottc Farm, Portland. Michigan,





 





 





EGGS from prize winning Barred Rocks. R. C White

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erels. MR8. ED ..BISHOP ake Odessa. Michigan,





 





from Mammoth Rouen Ducks



Elggg for "licbiflg weight 10 to 12 lbs. Eggs $2. 50 per

..G Fisher. Routeii .Box98. Birmingham. Mich.

ANCY (S. 0.) WHITE LEGHORN COCKERELS.





Price $2 and $3 each. Choice eggs. 81 per setting.

John McNicoll. Station A.. It. 4. Bay City. Michigan.





STANDARD BRED R. I. REDS





Rose &&SinfilcR Comb S. L. anndottes Pearl Guineas.

F. R. Ducks. Eggs (show quality) 32 per

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P. P. & yrs .aub to MichiganN Coultry Breeder

given to each customer. FRE FRUIT &.

POULTRY FARMS. Laudington. Michigan.





Tells why chicks die





J. O. Reefer, the poultry expert of 1604 Main St...

Kansas City. Mo.. is giving away free a valuable book

entitled “White Diarrhoea and How to Cure It "

This book contains scientific facts on white diarrhoea

and tells how to pro are a simple home solution

that cures this terrlble disease over night and

actually raises 98 per cent of every hatch. All

poultr raisers should and R. REEFER for

one 0 these valuable FREE books.





 





/





 





Parasites. of Poultry.





E must expect the parasites

to increase as the warmer

days come on in the spring.

unless special precautions are taken

to prevent it. At this time the poul-

tryman cannot be too careful of the

birds. The broody' hens and the

young .and immature are the ones

that suffer most. I was asked once

to give. an opinion as to why a hen

left her nest, refusing to stay on the

eggs after she had already set two

weeks. One look was enough. al-

though the cause had completely es-

caped the eye of the owner. The nest

was roomy enough and surroundings

were apparently all right, but oh, the

mites! The bay of which the nest

was made was literally alive with

them. Outside, the hen was making

a feeble attempt to rid herself of the

parasites inadust bath. Her strength

had already been severely sapped.

Thus it is, if we are not careful at

this season, the lite, fleas and mites

will claim a fearful toll. Ten to one

when you see a hen hanging around

outside the house. with a general

anaemic appearance, the cause will

be found to be body parasites.

The Red Mite Serious.



Of the different kinds. the worst, in

my opinion. is the red mite, known to

science as dermanyssus avium. These

parasites may be about the building

and the owner not suspect their

presence, as they feed mostly at

night. Sometimes, as in the case

mentioned in the opening paragraph,

they will increase to such alarming

numbers that they become a serious

problem. Better try to prevent them

by keeping everything as clean as

possible. The old litter in the nesting

boxes, damp crevices about the build-

ings, cracked roosting poles and such

nooks, provide ideal breeding places,

also excellent hiding spots for them

to spend the daylight hours. One

will often find masses of them, red

with blood from the fowls, in the

early morning but fadingr to a light

brown at night. It is really almost

impossible to keep them out entirely,

but cleanliness and light, and the ab-

sence of good hiding places, will go

a long way toward doing it. Under

the microscope the red mites appear

as hairy creatures, each with four

pairs of legs. They are really little

more than sacks of blood when full.

Notwithstanding their greedy nature,

they seem to survive long periods

without food at all, when it is not

available. Thus a house which has

not been occupied by hens for months

may still show their'presence. There

are other mites which sometimes in-

fest the hens but the red mite seems

to do the most damage.



Several Kinds of Body Lice.



The biting lice, of the genus Malle-

phaga, are more or less common on

all kinds of domestic fowls, some

species being peculiar to the hens,

others to ducks, geese and turkeys.

There are as many as twenty species

known. They are found on nearly all

fowls, no matter how healthy, and in

the cleanest of houses. Different

kinds of lice are found on different

parts of the hen’s body. One species

is found only under the wings, an-

other under the tail. Still another

kind wanders all over the body and

may also be found in the nests. This

is the kind that crawls on the hands

when a fowl is being plucked.



A louse resembling a dog tick is

often found on the heads of young

chickens and turkeys. This is the

species for which greasing the head

with a bit of lard is recommended.

Turkey poults and chicks should be





 





APRIL 18, 1914. "





 





IIII'|IIIlIIIIlIIl||lIIIIIIII||IIIIIIII|IIIIll|IIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIII|lIIIIIII|||IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII'IhIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIII|IIIIll|III|IIIIIIIIII‘II|II||IIIIIIIIII|l|IIIIllIIl|IlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII:





examined frequently 101 this parasite.

Water fowl do not suffer to any great,

extent from lice. Certain species

thrive only on the ducks, but unless

the birds are closely confined in fil-

thy quarters, there is never much

damage of serious results. The same

is also true of geese.

Fleas in the Hen House.



Fleas do not live on the hens, but

infest the houses. Like the mites,

they sally forth to feed at night, suck—

ing the blood from the bodies of

their victims. They are likewise very

tenacious of life, living and breeding

in old boxes after they have once be-

come infested, even though no food

seems near for their sustnance. Thus

old nests left exposed to the weather

for months may still show their pres-

ence in countless numbers. Mould,

foster and moisture are conditions

which favor their spread.



Keep Hen House Clean.



All hen houses should be carefully

cleaned in the spring and given a

thorough whitewashing. To the white-

wash should be added enough car-

bOIIC acid to act as a disinfectant. All

cracks and crevices should be filled

with the wash so there will be no

hiding places for the fleas and mites.

Previous to the whitewashing it may

be necessary to scrub the roosting

places with soap and water, using a

large brush for the work. All litter

should be removed. The nesting box-

es may be burned out, there being

no way so effective. in getting rid of

the mites. Take the. boxes outside on

a damp day, touch a match to the dry

material and let it get to burning in

good shape, then turn upside down

on the wet grass. This will exclude

the air, so the boxes will not catch

fire, and cause a. lot of smoke to pen-

etrate all the corners and kill the

pests. It is a good plan to do this oc-

casionally throughout the season.



it is not always possible during the

busiest season 011 the average farm,

to give the poultry houses all the at-

tention they need, but everything

should be kept as clean as time will

permit. This is about the only way

to keep down the parasites. “Eternal

vigilance is the price of success.”



New Hamp. C. H. CHESLEY.





 





THE QUEEN BEE.



In every colony of bees, whether it

be located in a skep, the hollow of a

tree, or in a modern hive, there will

be found at some time of the-year

three kinds of bees—~queen, drones

and workers. The queen is the most

important bee in the hive. She is

the egg—layer, and as such is the

mother of the bees in the hive,

whether they are, workers, drones or

queens. Only one queen is, under or-

dinary circumstances, found in a

hive but occasionally two—mother

and daug liter—ale for a time living

together. The queen‘s sole duly be-

ing to lay eggs she has no other

cares to claim her attention, in fact,

she does not even attend to her own

food supply. , The nourishment need-

ed to keep up the extraordinary egg-

laying power she possesses, is sup-

plied by the worker-bees which are,

for the first fortnight of their exist-

ence, what may be termed nurse-

bees. If a comb be taken out of a

movable hive quickly and without

disturbing the bees, the queen may

be seen surrounded by a cluster of

workers.





Regardless of how hard a bee has

worked during its short life time the

younger generation will push the old

ones out of the hive, carry them to





a distant field and drop them there

to die.





0





v. A”;





. rm





01





.. 1.. We
.. A..’.





m





. WH~





 





 





 





 





 





*ALPRIL’ . 18,: 1914.





91E"lllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllé





Veterinary. g





 





 





.ElllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllflllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllIlllll|lllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll:

CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.





Advice through this department is

free to our subscribers. Each com-

munication should state history and

symptoms of the case in full; also

name and address of writer. Initials

only will be published. Many quer-

ies are answered that apply to the

same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably

find the desired information in a re-

ply that has been made to someone

else. When reply by mail is request-

ed. it becomes private practice, and a

fee of $1.00 must accompany letter.





 





Bacterial Infection. —-—My sow had

seven fine, healthy pigs which were

lively as could be until 36 hours old,

then they showed some pain, would

squeal when moved, and now six of

the seven have died. F. H. B., Isa-

bella County, Mich. ——You failed to

give enough symptoms for me to

make a correct diagnosis; however,

they may have died as the result of

infection through navel cord or from

congestion, the result of cold.



Rheumatism. —I have a pig that is

stiff in all four legs and has almost

lost its appetite for food. W F. Col-

umbiaville, Mich. “Give your pigs 5

grs. sodium salicylate and 2 grs. of

quinine at a dose three times a day.



Stiffness in Hind Quarters. ——I have

a hog that seems to be stiff in hips

and hind legs and I would like to

know what to do for her. C S., Lev-

ering, Mich. ———Feed your hog cats, oil

meal, tankage, or roots instead of

corn. Give her 10 grs. of powdered

nitrate of potash at a dose three

times a day.



Sweeney.——I recently purchased a

nine- year- -old mare that had been

SWeenied for two years, but she is not

lame. K. M., Ithaca, Mich mClip the

hair off atrophied portion of shoulder

and apply one part powdered can-

tharides and six parts fresh lard three





' times a month.





         





Indigestio.

that has stomach and bowel trouble

whenever fed potato; he is inclined

to vomit and purge When fed milk

he appears to be all right for a day,

then purges badly Mrs. E. L., Smith

Creek, Mich. ——Feed him raw meat, a

good quality of salmon; also give

him some black coffee with crushed,

well toasted stale bread. Also give

him 5 grs. bicarbonate soda at a dose

one hour before feeding, or two

hours after meals, three times aday.



Worms. ——All my cats have died ex-

cept one, and several of them have

Vomited or passed lots of worms

Mrs. G. K., Merrill, Mich. ——For every

pound that your cat weighs, give 1

gr. of powdered areca nut or 1 gr. of

powdered kamala at a dose daily for

two or three days, or as often as you

believe it necessary to treat him.



Dropsy.—Have a brood mare due

to foal May 14, which is healthy, ex-

cept for having a soft, painless swello

ing under bel'.1y O. B. Oakland 00.,

Mich—Give her a tablespoonful cook-

ing soda and a teaspoonful powdered





nitrate potash at a dose in feed once.





or twice daily, and exercise her daily.



Contracted Foot—I have a horse

that is lame in left fore foot, caused.

I believe, by contraction, and Iwould

like to know what to apply. L. E.

W., Odessa, Mich—Clip hair off cor-

onet and apply one part powdered

canthorides and eight or ten parts

lard once a week; this will hasten

growth of horn, and if hoof is hard,

apply wool-fat.



Bacterial Infection—My sow had

seven fine healthy pigs which were

lively as could be until 36 hours old.

then they showed some pain, would

squeal when moved and now six of

the seven are dead. F. .

Pleasant, Mich. —-You failed to” give

enough symptoms for me to make a

correct diagnosis; however, they may

have died' the result of infection

through navel or from congestion as

the result of cold.



Exostosis.——Some six weeks ago my

horse was taken lame, since then a

bony enlargement two inches long

appeared on side of pastern, which is

inflamed, and this bunch, I believe, is

causing lameness. G. . H., Corun-

na, Mich. ——Apply one part red iodide

mercury and four parts fresh lard to

bunch once a week and rest horse

until lameness disappears.



Chronic Cough. —I have a cow that

has been troubled with a cough for

the past four months. W. A. W.,

Inkster, Mich. —-Put 1 oz. of guaiacol

in 15 ozs of raw linseed oil and give

1 oz. at dose, either in feed or as a

drench three times a day. By giving

her a tablespoonful of tincture of

opium at a dose with this mixture, it

will check her cough more quickly

than it, it is not given.





 

 





 





is built of hollow blocks of

with continuous steel bands.





nent farm buildings.





Write for Free Sil





 





or split. No hoops to tighten. No repairs or painting. Any mason

can erect a Natco Imperishable Silo and it lasts for generations.

A monument to your good judgment and an asset to your perma-





I’P’S full of valuable information on ensilage and de—

scribes the silo that preserves it in a fresh, sweet and

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NATCO IMPERISHABLE SILO





u can!





vitrified clay. Each layer reinforced

There are no staves to warp, shrink





kfluifidfikiflh





B 1‘ Send today for this book

0 00 and learn why the Natco





Imperishable Silo is better and more economical in the long

run. Ask for Catalog A

NATIONAL FIRE PROOFING COMPANY

Lancing. Mich.





21 ~461





”All" BBED SlllHllllOllllS 296';st BESZTeglt'filflia

all sold. H'UMM EL. Mason. Michigan.





SHORTHORN CATTLE





W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.

" SHEEP.





l'l' PAYS TO BUY PURE BRED SHEEP 0F





PARSONS "Elfifii‘flmfi"

if I Bell and chip everywhere and pay expresfi





 





 





 





 





1 1 . eh argon. Wnte for cul bofier and rice list.

Oxfords Shropshires and'Polled— )elaines.





fldPARSONS. GrandLedge. Mich. R1.





 





 





 





 





 





H008.





' ' -—A few extra Sept. Boar's andl h

Durocsdllclonas .1 (1.11.1... 1... .1 1.... 13:35.1

M. T. STORY, Lowell, Mich” Citizens Phone55 5.





 





 





 





of these bred to King Pontiac Ormeby





Catalogue on request. B. E. TOT TEN.





-W B k d Youngotown.0

NOTE: thC. flagell.





 





DISPERSION SALE

100 Head Pure Bred Holstein Cows. Heifers and Calves. Saturday, April 25 1914





Cress Lawn Farms. Gustavus. Trumbull Co.. 0.. at 10 AM.

i h bl 0d of Kin Begin. Pontiac KorndYke. and King of the Pontiace, and a good number

Many strong 11 t e c g No. '672, a son of King of the Pontiacs. now at the head of our

herd. Animals tested by a competent State Veterinarian to go into any state in the Union if desired.

Gustavus is reached by Youngstown branch of L. 3. do M. 8

meet you there. Train 215 leaves Ashtabula, 0., at 117: (DA





Kinsman. 0.. cells 90 head purebreds on Apr128





 





Ry. Stop at. Kinsman. free thslmk will

M. tr ria n 240 leaves Youngstown. 0. .at 8:00 A. .

GUSTAVUS. OHIO. P. O. Farmdal e, O.





.. sells 90 head purebreds on A rll 27llh.





 





 





 





 





disk barrow ' “

saves 25 to



50% in power ,

Which means it saves one horse

at the very least. It also saves

one man. And, furthermore, this





Cutéwa





Double Action Disk Harrow

pulverizes the soil finer than any single barrow

working in‘ ‘half— lap. ” And more—it pulverize- .

finer than any two single harrows attached in

tandem. Its rigid main frame holds the rear

disks so that they cutjust midway between where

the fore disks out. All soil is pulverized to the

full depth to which the disks are run. Ask your

dealer to show you a CUTAWAY (CLARK) Double

Action. If he doesn’t sell CUTAWAY (CLARK)

harrows, write us. Don’ t accept a substitute.





We ship direct where we have no agent. Ask

for free catalog,‘ ‘lee 502! and Intensive Tillage.”

The Cutaway Harrow Company

flicker of the. original CLARK dirk harrm: and flow:

992 Mm





Street Higganum. Conn.





 





Saves a Man and Team





 





   

   

 

 

 

 

 

   





Operated upwind with

gasoline

by tho nun onglno.

01: the load. Drum holds

240 ll. of rope.





Ireland Hay Hoist





A powerful machine that saves time and labor in

storing hay and in other hoisting. Used in con-

nection with harpoon fork or sling. Attach it to

yourownengine. Safe and easy to operate. Instant

control. Pulle (lin to suit your engine. Guarani teed

as represente Writ e for circular and prices.

IRELAND MACHINE a FOUNDRY 00., Inc.

38 State Street, Norwich, New York.

We Manufacture

Bow and Shingle Kills, Wood and Drag Bow Machinel

///////////////////////ll/li/I/I/I/I/Ill/lllllI/l/I/l/I/l/I/Il/lI





Deadly Scours





Scientific Tested. Safe and SURE CUBE.





we will send re aid bottle to last a year. Money



refunded if t. ails. Scouts are prevalent in best



regulated calf bar-1111, retard growth and are often fatal.

Don’t Take Chances.





Equally sure with grown cattle and hogs. Easy to give.





nouomonr mm REMEDIES, Detroit, 1111111.

H E LP WAN T E D‘fiffimfigfimfifé‘igl





or single. to work by the year. Good we on to the right.

man. Address, F. G. HACKER. Mt. lemons. Mich





100--4th Consignment Sale—.100





OF REGISTERED





HOLSTEIN CATTLE





Wednesday, April 22. al 12 M.





Sale will be held in the city of Howell. Living-

ston 60.. Mlch.. rain or shine.





to'l‘hle is our 4th annual sale. and we aim each year

put u a bet ter class of cattle. They are a fine

lotpcf ca atfle, including many with A. It. 0. records.

hey are fromt he host families of the breed, such as

Hon rvelda. DeKols. Pontiaca. King of the Ponti-

aca. Se is. Pontiac Kornd ke. Grace Fane 2d.

35. 56: 8 lo ale Concordia. 30. Susie DeKol Paul.

30.06. Pontiac Clothilde DeKchd. 87.:21 Queen Can-

trllla 3d. 30. 71; Hillside Do Do, 31. 94. AI so bear in mind

our consignments are all femalee.most all from or bred

t0 such etcck as Mmentioned above. Catalog April 8.

KB CURDY. Secretary.

COL. PERBYih COL. KELLEY. Auctioneers.





INOLET BARRED ROCKS—Th9” winning and lav.

ing strain Birds of quality & size. Elsa $1 5 l per 13.





M B. Turkey ego. selected mating 82. 50 per 10. Years

of experience. lalnvlew Stock Farm. Borneo. Mich.





BRIEDERS’ DIREC'NIY.

CATTLE.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS





HERD FOUNDED IN 1900.

Strain- represented consist of Trojan Ericae. Bloch.





 





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\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ f





\





 





 





 





 





 





birds lmdii ididdsi'tonly-Kd Black.5 alit tyu‘ltcfi aubull of

re 1: v up an met a e

"woonco'rn hroc ARM. Ionia.





ANGUS CATTLE FOR SALE





We have on hand several choice pure-bred Angus

bull calves which can be sold for immediate delivery.



hose calves are sired by Louis of Viewpont, a Grand

Son of Lucy 11 Prince. the International Grand

Champion bull for three years in succession. We

also have for sale a few choice heifers from this herd

bull. Will make a price on Louis of Viewpoint as

some of his heifers are old enough to breed. Address





GLENWO0R FARM, Addison,Mlchigan.

HEREFORD BULLS iil‘fifiliflllf





ALLEN BROS.. Paw Paw, Michigan.





(‘VUERNSE'V BULL CALF, nicely marked 3 weeks

I old great grandson of Gov. Chane. $50takes him.

AVONDALE STOCK FARM. Wayne. Michigan.





OUR YOUNG GUERNSEY BULLS, old enough for

.service, for sale. Exceptional breeding and in

d1vidual1ty. Village Farm. Grass Lake. Michigan.





Il0LSTEIN BULLS AT FARMERS PRICES





Sir by one of the beat. bulls of America.

LONG BEACH FARM. Augusta,KalamazcoCo., Mich.





' ' 4 h l , d k k‘ ,

Registered Holstein Bull 1,5,32,12,22 214%.1?’ g: .

daughter of Pietertje Hen ervelds Count. Do 01, 98

A. R. 0. duo hhers. 4 above -..lbs his sire is a son of a

33- lb. cow w 0 has a 29- lb. fcuryear old full sister. 89')

delivered. Write for pedigree. IlobartW. Fay.Maeon,M1ch.





ESPANORE FARM,





LANSING. MICH.





Regislor’dHolsieins





Bull Calves $50 to $200.

An absolute guarantee with each purchase.





CHASE s canon . L. M. HATCH.

ADAM E. FERGUSON lowmrs' Supt.





OiLSI‘EIN FBIESIAN CATTLE BREEDERS of

h 1'8(Of‘d cows. Young bulls at. farmers prices.

NES & LUTZ. Oak Grove. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





Q3 7 J5 0 Buys 10 high grade Holstein heifers from 15

o thO mo. old. all nicely marked. and bred to

a registered bull. B. B. REAVEY, Akron. Michigan.





 





— h ' f II B d 6'] f. ,

BERKSHIRE bgcgdfgg.R :lso §§a§g§ll1flm Plritgog tzplilgfit.

WHITE OAK FAR. rown CltV, Mich.





h . . . . .

BERKSEIRES 01-12318 tipshxhfie bg1zlfgk.angar§rlilet:n

stock. ELMHUHST STOCK FARM. Almont, Mich





 





 





o I c -—Sows bred for June furrow. We are

I also taking orders for spring pigs.

JOHN BERNER & SON. Grand Ledge. Mich.





o I c! —Gilte bred for June fan-ow. A few

I 8 1good boars on hand. I ay express.

G. P. AND Ews. Dansville, Ingham 0.. Michigan.

9 —I HAVE A NICE LOT OF

0. I. C 5. LAST FALL GILTS ON

HAND. OTTO B. SCHULZE. One-half mile

west of Depot. Nashville. Michigan.





———Bred ilhs all cold.



0- II c- SWINE DEVGB o of Spring.



pigs on hand. Will book orders for 8.ept pigs.

got my price on pairs and trloe not. akin.



A. J. GORDON R. No. 2. Bart. Mich.





 





 





 





 





0 I C -—Take orders forepringglgs. OneSmo. fine

type Jeraev Boar rice reasonable.

N. H. Weber. Oak View Farm. Royal Oak. Michigan.





 





0 I C -16 sows bred for Spring furrow. 30lfall

pi large andgrou tyh rite your

wants. GLE WOOD STOCK ‘ARM. Zeeland. Mich.





0. l. C. GILTS‘EiolfifirfiZul’éifr‘iEi‘i sill?





CLOVER LEAF STOCK FARM. Monroe. Mich.





 





 





Cheater Whites—Fall pigs either sex, orders taken

for spring pigs. rite your wants. Price & qual

ity right. Meadow VieVV Stock F.arm Holland,Mi(-l1





 





o I Gls All sold. Would be pleased to hook

I I your order for sp r1ng pug-1.

C. J. THOMPSON. Rockford. Michigan





”Ukoc JERSEYS—gall dpitgs of the large berry

one ype. pairs nit a



F. J. DRODT, Monroe. Mirhigan 116111.; ‘No. ”l,



—Choice fall gilte, Sept larrow



”11PM! Jerseysat reasonable pri1ce.S.C



STAHLVIAN. Cherry Lawn Farm. R. 2.8hepherd, Mich



DURocs—A good growthy fall pig immuned



and bred for August arr-cu will



make \ou moneV. Give me Vour order now for





Mm shipment Also fall boars ready for service.

KOPF KON FAR'VI. Kinder-hook Michigan.





 





 





 





 





FOR SALE DUROC JERSEYS— —College Boy 138.117

farrcwod Sept. 1911. two Aug. 1913b0ara. Writt-

for prilc etc. .H Bough 211',t Lansing. Michigan.





 





Fancy bred Duroc Jerseys—Bonn dz Gilts of spring .1?

summer furrow. Good individuals at reasonable

prices. John McNicoll. Station A. R4. Bay City. Mich.





fl' ' ' ' .

llflllll-EL STOCK FIRM 23121.35 32.??? {3.232.513

prices. E. R. CORNELL. Howell, Michigan.

D11rocs—Z’1large high 1 lassV sows, bred for March Jr





April to BarneV' Crimson. Cherry AdV ance & Oakland

Fancy. W rite or come .11 see. J. C. Ba1ney,ColdVVater.llli1-l1.





 





A FEW CnolCEf Holsteiln eFrifliaRl. B8“ (83:13:21;





GREGORY & BORDEN.a Howell. Michigan.





' ' ' Herd Headed by Albina Bontc

HolSlem Fnouan cal”. Butter Bm No. 93124 Average





for dam and sire’ a dam A.R.O. at. 4 Vrs. butter '7 days

28.37 Lbs. No stock for sale. W. B. Reader, Howell. Mich.





l I I I

The Michigan Home and Training3 School,Lfi"§§,"

Offers Choice Purebred Holstein ull Calves. 1 to 7

mo old. Also choice grade Holstein heifers out of good

milk producing dams. List. furnished upon application.





BIGELOW’S IIOLSTEIN FARMS





Breedsville. _Mlchlgan,





Breeder of high class





Registered Holsteins.

“Top-Notch” Holstolns.





Choice bull calves from 1 to 3 mo. old, of fashion-

able breeding and from dams with official milk

and butter records for sale at reasonable prices.

MoPHERGON FARMS GO... Howell. Mlehluon.





Purebred Registered





HOLSTEIN CATT L E

The Greatest Dairy Breed

Sand for FREE Illustrated Booklets

Holstein-Friction, Auc..ch I64. Brattleboro,Vt.





3 Fine Foundation Ilerds [or Sale.



HERD No.1—1 3- “year -old bull with 27 lb. data.

5 3- -year- -old A. R. O. heifers. from A R. 0. dams and

A. R. sires and all bred toA, R. bulls. Choiceet

breeding. fine conformation. perfect. ullllOl‘S.

nicely marked. and a (ham-to to start. where it;

would take more to breed unt



HERD No. 2—Yearling bull with 4 world's records in

his bleeding.

1 10-year ol 26 years old, 22 years old and 1 3

earso ol.d and :1 of them brodt t.oA R. bulls. the

th not bred. All A.R ..() cows.





L. E. CONNELL. Fayette. Ohlo.





FOR SALE JERSEY BULL'1§,,fi‘°;,,fédo 1‘,?





old. Lar e for %e and of extra type. Address.

NEWMA STOC FARM. Marlette. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





——DroppedDec.3. 1914. Dam'erecord

lone] all" can let call) 510? lbs” 5%milk. Herd tuber-

ouI1n tested Jae. Harris. B. No. 2, Traverse City. Mich.





 





MAPLE Lane Register of Merit Jersey Herd—Tu-

berculln tested by U. 8 Government. Bull calves

from cgwo inR . of test Heifer calves whose dams,

grand ame. and great grand dame are in the Register

of Merit. IRVIN FOX, Allegan. Michigan.





.IERSEYS"1'i.‘.‘.1.hi °fi3§°$£§l i371 T8033





Brookwater Farm. R. F. '1. Ann Arbor. Mich.





 





JER:ET:—Two yearling bulls. well bred and well

grown. We invite personal Inapectlon.

SMITH 8'. PARKER. Howell. Michigan.





Lllllo Farmstead Jerseys

(Tuberculin touted. Guaranteou free from Tuber-

culoaia.) Several good bulls am bull calves out of

good dairy more for sale. No .emalee for sale at

present. (Paid-faction] guaranteed.



00L 1'0.an Coonerovfllo. Mich.





 





 





-—A f f ll ' ' f

DUROC J ERSEYS 1.011%“; 1.55.313

CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings. Michigan.

Duroc-Jerseys‘iiil‘gn‘fiifiii.’ "32’...”‘i1‘f‘3é3.

Brookwater Farm. RF Ann Arbor. Mich.





 





L‘REE IYPEP cI—Largest in Mich. Bred gilts

all sold A few good fall pigs

loft. Watch this space for something) large and

good. they please where ever they

W. E. LIVINGSTON. l’nrma, Michigan.





POLANI) CHIVAS—333$ Plifi‘e‘i'iefn‘infifi‘?

Prices right. W'. J HAGELSHAW. Augusta. Mich.





Poland China Boar; &Sows Bred, All ol the Big lype.





&SON. Saline. Michigan.





 





 





 





P c ——Fall boars and gilts. Springwpigéan Shorthorn

- females. Oxford Sheep. UM, Sonya,

Cent. Mich. Shorthorn Ass’n” McBrides. Mi1higan.





 





POLAND CHINA PIGS— From large Prolific stock.

Shorthcrn Bull Calves. $1 per 15 from choicd

Barred Rocks. ROBERT N14. V39} Pierson, Michigan.





 





UTLER’B Big Boned Prolific Poland Chinas. Grow

big, keevpyeasy. mature early, ready for market at

Gmonthe. by? Because we've bred them that way

for more than 20 years. We have 25 big boned hours

ready for service. Buy one and make more money on

fiour hogs. You can’t get an better at. any rice.

.0. History Free, J. C. BUT ER. Portland. ich.





 





' Fall Pigs and Minorea

Paldnd China Bred sows cockerels. Satisfaction

guaranteed. B. \V. DIILLS. Saline. Michigan.





 





30 Poland China Fall Pigs—Good ones from immune

sows 810 and 315 each, while they last. Bred sow

sale Feb. 27th.eend your name for catalog if you want to

buy Big Types with Quality. Wm. Waffle, Goldwater. Mich.





 





350 BIG TYPE MULE FOOT HOGS—America' a

Champion Herd. Prolific, hardy. Beat for Mich.

Also Ponies. J. DUNLAP. Box M. Williamaport, Ohio





OBKSHIBE SWINE—Boom all sold )earling

sows bred for March farrow. Weanling igs ready

May let GEO. S. McMULLEN. Grand Led; e. Mich.





Bred sows. bred lite and hour

Mule Foot pigGB, not. related, or sale. Satis-

faction guaranteed .KR IGLOW. Ada. Ohio.

F0" SALE—Yorkshires, milk fed, spring pigs and a





few eoVVa bred for April furrow. Price-1

JOBSE, Mt. Clemens, Michigan.





 





 





 





reasonable. 0. H.





 





' Guaranteed to not die of Cholera. Prolific.

Y0rk3lllres long deep and well fleshed. Feb. and March

pigs. '1 rlOS not akin. Boar‘s. Crlbhs Bruin, Wutervlictfblieh.





 





 





YORKSHIRES





The In 6. long-bodied. hoav .boned rolific kind.

Bows an gilte bred for spring arrow. head of Bop

tember,0ctobor and November pigs. Prices reason



W. C. COOK. R. 42. Adl. Mlchlzln.‘3





lillie Farmstead Yorkshires





"Fall pigs. either sex





 





Spring gilta. osplendid ofneo.o

Gil Ito bred rin

COLON C. oLILL Imfi Cooper-ville. MIchigan
x.’





 





 





462—22 THE MICHIGAN ,FA'RMER

allllilllll|l|lIllll||||IH|lI|IIllHII||II|IlllI|llilllll|Ii]llllllllllllliliilllilli.illIilllllllllllllilllllllIlIlllllllIlllliillllllllillllilllllllill[lililllllllllllllllitll“llllllll!lllHlllIllIlllllllllIllillHill“llHllllIllllllllllllllilllllllfi , —~—-————-——-———~—~———-——————————-———-—- ~





Sfm‘hmnmlmfiidl





lllllllfllillilliflfi





Practical





 





ElllillliHillIIIHI||llll|lllll|lllillI!lllllIllllilllIllllllillllIllllllilliilllllIll“HilIHllllIllilllllIHIHIIHIllHillIlililiillllllllllllllllllllillilll|Hill!llIllIlllllllllllIII|Illlllilllllllillllllllil|illllIl|IIHI|llllllIIIIHIHIHHIHIHE





LABORATORY REPORT.





BY FLOYD w. ROBISON.

Loss of Nitrogen when Artificially

Applied;



We are planning a series of .experi-

ments with unmixed commercial fer-

tilizers. Will you kindly tell us, as

accurately as possible, what percent-

age of loss there would be of nitro-

gen when applied in the form of n1-

trate of. soda, to the surface of the

soil, after the crop had been sown;

what percentage of less we might ex-

pect if mixed in the first two inches

of soil, and again when mixed

through the entire surface soil? Also

how great an effect has the rays 01’

the sun on nitrogen applied at or

near the surface? Our point is, how

great is the danger of loss, when ap-

plying commercial fertilizers, from

the air, from the rays of the sun and

from leaching or washing when water

runs from the surface? We are

taught that nitrogen is easily washed

from the soil. How about lands that

flood annually and are usually rich in

nitrogen? I know our query is long

and puzzling, but a careful review of

these points we feel would be highly

appreciated by your more advanced

readers.



Bay Co. 1.. W. O.



The questions raised by L. W. O.

with reference to the loss of nitrogen

due to the effect of the atmosphere

on nitrate of soda, and the direct

rays of the sun, and the leaching ef-

fect when distributed in the soil, are

questions which havenever been sat-

isfactorily answered. The reason for

this is that the various so-called plant

food constituents, or administrative

tgents, exert their influence on crop

production in a more or less indirect

manner. \Ve know, however, the

properties, both physical and chemi-

cal, and we are justified in reasoning

by analogy as to the probable action

in the soil. The analogy is not al-

ways a satisfactory way of explain-

ing, however, for we do know that in

the case of phosphoric acid its be-

havior when mixed with the soil is in

an entirely different manner than

when treated by itself. We may be

sure that when nitrate of soda is ap-

plied to the soil the behavior of the

natural agents, such as air, sunshine

and rain, upon it is modified at least

to some extent by the influence ex-

erted by the soil itself.



Nitrate of soda, however, can be

dissolved from the soil by a moder-

ate amount of water and in this re-

spect it does not seem to differ ma—

Tt rially from the action of the nitrate

of soda outside of the soil. It is im-

possible, however. to add a fertilizer

like nitrate of soda to the soil in any

particular way, and by observation on

the crop grown, say. that a certain

effect is produced only by the nitrate

of soda. Again, without doubt, a cer-

tain amount of nitrate of soda, while

being useful to the immediate crop





.production, may remain in the soil





and it is again difficult to say just

how much has remained behind, and

how much has been taken out by the

crop. Experiments of this kind are

not mathematical in their exactness.

and it therefore becomes necessary

to handle the fertilizer in a variety

of ways in order to eliminate as many

unknown quantities as possible and

fix the responsibility on the nitrate.



The main effect of the air on the

action of nitrate of soda is the

changing of this condition from pos-

sibly nitrate in some conditions to

nitrate and ammonia in others. Ex-

periments have demonstrated that

there is apparently as great value to

be attached to nitrogen in the form

of ammonia as in the form of nitrate,

or nitric acid. Therefore, we may

safely ignore the atmospheric action

on the nitrate of soda, but we should

bear in mind that the importance of

a satisfactory air balance in the soil

is most desirable for the activity of





 





 





Science.





the nitric organisms, and therefore if

there were not a satisfactory amount

of air in the soil, by which condition

the manufacture of nitric nitrogen

goes on through the media of the bac-

teria, we may easily say that while it

may have no great influence on the

nitrate itself, yet it docs encourage

the most rapid abstraction of nitrate

nitrogen in the crop, for it is in such

case the only nitrogen available. We

may thus see that the atmospheric

action is only indirectly applicable

to nitrogen in the form of nitrate of

soda, but its action is just as sure,

however, on the crop and on the total

nitrogen available for crop produc-

tion.



With regard to the action of the

sun’s rays on the nitrogen in the

form of nitrate of soda, the argument

is in the main as in the action with

atmosphere, for it is entirely an indi-

rect action which is manifested. The

effect of the sun’s rays on the condi-

tion of porosity in the soil determines

very naturally the status of the bac-

terial flora therein, and upon this bac—

terial flora the manufactured nitro-

gen compounds in the soil depend,

to a considerable degree. This factor

therefore determines whether the ni-

trate nitrogen supplied in the form

of fertilizer shall be about the only

available nitr gen present. Therefore

the effect of the sun’s rays on nitrate

of soda is an indirect one.



The third query, however, how to

estimate the leaching effect of water

on nitrate of soda, is not; as uncertain

a proposition. It is a very variable

factor, depending upon many things.

The prevalence of heavy rains influ-

ences it; the condition of the soil,

whether porous and warm, or com-

pact and cold. “'ithout doubt nitrate

of soda should be applied either up-

on the surface entirely or in the first

two or three inches of the surface

soil. It may even be spread as a

topdressing after the crop is up, but

should never be applied in the fall,

or at least, late in the fall nor at the

time in the spring when rains are too

prevalent or when water is standing

on the soil.



To make nitrates as applied in com-

mercial fertilizers economical, the

soil condition must be very nearly

ideal, for otherwise the removal from

the soil by leaching is much faster

than its abstraction by plant growth.

if the soil is not in good condition

plants will not thrive, and conse-

quently they will not use nitrogen,

even though it may be present, and it

therefore becomes lost through leach-

ing in the soil.



We. would say, finally, that if the

soil is well drained, well cultivated

and warm, it will take care in the

growing crop of almost any quantity

of nitrate of soda which the farmer

may feel able to put on the soil. A

soil in such a condition will lose prac-

tically none of its nitrogen by leach-

ing. and none of its nitrogen through

atmospheric conditions or due to the

activity of the sun’s rays.





CATALOG NOTICE.





Planet, Jr., farm and garden imple-

ments, manufactured by S. L. Allen

& Co., Philadelphia, are fully illus-

trated and described in a new 72-page

catalog. which will be sent to Mich-

igan Farmer readers on request. In

it will be found listed a complete line

of garden implements, including gar-

den drills, wheel hoes, hand-cultiva-

tors, etc., also a full line of one—horse

cultivators for garden use, with at-

tachments for a variety of uses. Two

horse cultivators and two-row culti-

vators of various types are also list-

ed, as well as a variety of imple-

ments for special uses about the farm.

The catalog is conveniently indexed

for ready reference, and will be found

useful to every farmer.





 





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





 





'l' li't'itt‘imull

'l

Mayer Honorbilt School Shoes are strong, sturdy

and lasting. They “wear like iron”, give twice the

service of other shoes, and cost no more. These

school shoes have double leather toes—hard





to wear out—soles and uppers made of extra V

tough, wear-resisting leather.





ems ,tha

.tth lllllllllll

6’“! 0“





mill





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





   

 

 

 





 





 

   





HONORBlLT .

scuoorsuoes





are made with special regard to the fit and comfort of growing

children—fit perfectly and are handsome looking. Your school

shoe money lasts longer if you buy Mayer Honorbilt School Shoes.





WARNING—Always be cure and look for the Mayer

name and trade mark on the sole. If your dealer

cannot supply you, write to us. -





We nuke Honor-hilt Shoes in all styles for men, women and children; Dry-cox,

the wet weather shoe; Yema Cushion Shoes. and Mnrthn Washington Com-





fort Shoes.

F. Mayer Boot & Shoe Co., Milwaukee





 

 

 

 

 





HONORIIL‘I’





 

 

   

 

   

   

 

 





 





 

 

 

 





 

 





   





 





 

 

 





 

 





   

 





 





   

 

 

 

 





 

 





l

I: S d . NATURE cooperates with you at every turn in the Southeast.

Crop failures are hardly known.

You are favored with 200 to 300 growing days, which allow two and

east] re to three crops from the same land each season.

Expensive irrigation is unnecessary, as 45 to 60 inches of rain, well

_ ' distributed through the growing season, fall annually. _

' v" ' The assortment of crops raised in the Southeast is the greatest any-

6 rri H I n e Where in America. From the tropical citrus fruits to the finest varie-

ties of apples, peaches, pears, grapes and numerous other fruits and

nearly every known variety of grains, vegetables, grasses and legumes

S 0 u th can be produced somewhere in the Southern Railway territory.

And with all these superior advantages Southeastern land now averages

less than one~half the price of farms in other parts of America.

$15 to $50 An Acre Buys Excellent Homesteads

where the climate is exceedingly agreeable and healthful, where railroad communica-

tion is of the highest order and transportation to Northern markets but 24 to 48 hours.

Life in the rural sections of the South is all that could be desired. Modern highways

and telephones, the licst of high and agricultural Sclmols,good churches and trading

centers—all these advantages are to be had in this growing section.

INVESTIGATE SOUTHERN CONDITIONS

Avail yourself of the low Homemaker-’3 Rates. \Vrite for particulars. ,

Learn of the favorable conditions in the South. Ask for the “Southeanield” Mobile

magazine, state booklets on Virginia, North or South Carolina,Georgta, Florida, 5 Chi 0 RP

Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee and Kentucky. Let us know the state and

line of farming in which you are interested. Southern Ry

' SOUTHERN RAILWAY ,

M-Vo RIChards, Land and Ind. Agt. Room 76, Washington. D. 0. . (Id-505 Flt}

, Ry. .





 

     





 





 

 

 





Cost [635'

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APRIL 18,: 1914-. , , \





s” Clubsg





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e Farm e:





IIIIII

III“





to the organization of new Clubs to

Mrs. C. P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.





Associational Motto: .



“The skillful hand with cultured

mind is the farmer’s most valuable

asset.”





 





Associational Sentiment:

“The Farmer: He garners from the

soil the primal wealth of nations."





THE FARM LABOR PROBLEM.





-





 





(Continued from last week).



So, too, the lack of social opportu-

nity is sending so many country

young people away from good homes

where there is 'every need of their

help, to the poor lodgings and meager

pay that are the usual ac‘companying

features of the beginner's job in the

city. One of the determining features

of the immigration cityward of our

young, is found in the fewness of the

young people." Especially in districts

Where large farms prevail, is there a

scanty population. Among the farm

owners, as in other well-to-do classes,

we find a dearth of large families.

Compare the present families having

one, two or three, or often no chil-

dren with those of half a century

ago averaging eight. Is it any won-

der that there are fewer farm help-

ers? Our grandparents, if by any

chance they hadn’t enough children to

help them with'the work, Were sure

to find plenty? among their neighbors’

sons and daughters. The causes of

this decrease in rural families are

the same in part, at least, as in the

urban. I will mention but the one

which seems of most importance in

connection with this paper. So, aside

from the expense of child-birth, there

is the added eXpense of hired help in

the home. Again, the expense is a

minor item in comparison with the

difficulty of securing competent and

reliable female help. This is even

more difficult than to secure male

help. Practically the only solution,

then, is that the head of the house

undertake to assist in the home du-

ties. This might be a desirable ar—

rangement, were it not for the fact

that it takes him away from his own

work—~work with which he has no

competent manvto entrust. Yet I be-

lieve our rural people would do Well

to look beyond the discomforts of the

present to the welfare and happiness

of not only their own future, but to

the future of our social common-

wealth itself.



But even the people having chil-

dren have less and less of their help

in the home and on the farm. Soci—

ety is daily becoming more complex;

not even on' the farm are the mani-

fold and varied industries of life be-

ing carried on in each home. Here

as in the city home, the products of

the great industrial concerns are be-

ing brought in. More and more of

the child’s life is being spent in ac-

quiring an education that will enable

him the better to adapt himself to

the ever-changing social conditions.

Unfortunately, our rural schools are

almost entirely in the charge of

teachers who are using these schools

as “stepping-stones” to better things,

who are eager for the time when

they can go to the city and enjoy its

supposedly greater opportunities, and

unconsciously such teachers instill a

like desire in their pupils. In their

teaching they are unwittingly laying

the emphasis on things urban, and

many a child leaves school without

ever having learned that there is op-

portunity for a career as 'well as a

living on the-farm, now as well as in

the time of Washington and Henry

Clay. Whatever conditions may pre-

vail in the future, as yet" compara-





 





:‘W"l’





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





tively few of those graduating from

even our agricultural colleges or high

schools come back to enrich‘the so-

cial life of their country communi~

ties. It may be as the editor of “Coun-

try Life” sugegsts, that it is not de-

sirable that all the young people stay

on the farm. It may be that stag.

nant society degenerates and that

the movement frOm city to country,

and vice versa, keeps society mobil-

ized and preserves the balance, but

if this is to be true, it must no longer

be a movement of the brightest from

the country to the city, and of the

slum element from the city to the

country.

(Continued next week).





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





West Otisco Farmers' Club Organ-

ized.—After two preparatory meet-

ings, several farmers of West Otisco

met with our genial chairman, Geo.

Hall and wife, and organized a Club,

its chief aim being the binding of

closer ties in a social way, with one’s

neighbors. Officers elected were as

follows: President, Geo. Hall; vice-

president, Edward Reeves; secretary,

Mrs. William Travis; treasurer,

Miss Della Carpenter. Nineteen fam-

ilies signed the constitution, and

much interst was manifested. One

of the finest dinners of the sason

was served, and though the program

was rather in the embryo state we

expect it to grow under the present

committee of six until it resembles

the proverbial bean stalk. Believing

we can reach our aim the better by

meeting our neighbors in their own

homes, the next meeting will be held

in April, with Mr. and Mrs. Lee Mil-

ler.——Della Carpenter, Cor. Sec.



Favor Present Road System.——The

Salem Farmers’ Club held its March

meeting at the pleasant home of Mr.

and Mrs. Hamilton. A fine

dinner was served, a very enjoyable

social hour was spent and a fine pro-

gram given. The subject of “Keep-

ing Dairy Cows for Profit” was dis'

cussed. As most of the farmers pres-

ent were dairymen, this was an in-

teresting subject. The subject of

trading with the mail order houses

was energetically discussed. The





members gave some of their experi-‘





ence mosty in favor of patronizing

your home town. A humorous reci-

tation was given by Bruce Rorabach-

er, “That Mule.” Also humorous

reading by Mrs. Walter Burns, repre-

senting the “Appetite for Speed,”

which Americans are so rapidly de-

veloping. President Thompson called

attention to several points of interest

in connection with our coming corn

contest. The Club joins with the

Cleaners in making up a committee

of six who are to attend to arrange-

ments. An expression was taken in

favor of present system of managing

the road question. Closed with mu~

sic.'—Cor. Sec.



Discuss Corn and Good Roads.—

The Deerfield Farmers’ Club met at

the home of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Croft

in March. After a sumptuous dinner

was served, a fine program was ren-

dered. The topics or the day were,

“Corn,” and “Good Roads.” Some

claimed you should plant corn in-

stead of drilling it, and it. should be

three and a half or four feet apart.

By doing this way, 'they had better

results. Others said the drilled corn

produced good results, but it took

work to keep it clean. Some thought

it was more work after it was in the

ground, than the planted corn, in or-

der to produce good results. Another

good topic was discussed, which was

“Good Roads.” Some thought we

should have a township road system,

and others a county road system

But either one would be appreciated,

as we need good roads. Then came

the question box. After the singing

by the Club, we adjourned to go

home, feeling well paid for coming.—

Mrs. J. F. Lutz, Cor. Sec.



Ceresco Farmers’ Club met March

2 with Mr. and Mrs. George Smidt

in their beautiful rural home. Al-

though a rainy morning, the mud up

to the hubs, there were 7 present to

partake of the bountiful dinner and

enjoy the afternoon entertainment

President Crosby called to order. All

joined in singing “Kind Words Can

Never Die.” A paper was read by

P. M. King, on “Ferrited Facts for

Farmers,” answered by Messrs. L. L

Lewis, Wm. Wottles and Geo Reese.

In response to an invitation, 20 new

members were welcomed and an invi-

tation to meet in April with Mr. and

Mrs. Len Smith accepted. A song by

one of the young ladies was much

enjoyed, as was the fine musical and

literary program. Meeting closed by

singing America—Mrs. P. M. King,

Cor. Sec.





[TallIIIIIIIIIlII|I|Illl|IIIIIIIIIIIII|lIIIIIIIIIIIIlllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIE





Grange.





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PU BLIC SPI RITED GRANGE

W O R K .





E Elli:-





 





As with all social and fraternal or-

ganizations, there are Granges and

Granges. Some go through the gen-

eral formality of the work and feel

to a great extent, sufficient unto

themselves, while others are most ac-

tive in work of public good. Much

of this progressive public work was

shown in the participation of some

of the Pomona Granges in meetings

of the type of the Kalamazoo Confer-

ference, and the Farmers’ Day held

at Pontiac for which the leading

Grangers of Oakland county were

mostly responsible. This latter meet-

ing was of especial signicance, be-

cause it brought together representa-

tives of all of the farmers’ organiza-

tions of the county and the merchants

of the city. With their feet under

the same table, and partaking of the

same food, these producers and sell-

ers of the world’s necessities were

able to give, in a friendly way, their

side of th problems of the day.



C. S. Bartlett, who was one of the

prime movers of this meeting, said

that it was a decided success in ev«

ery way. The merchants, through

their Commercial Club, gave hearty

co-operation and assistance, and felt

favorable toward having other meet-

ings of this kind. Due to the success

of this meeting, a permanent organi~

zation is being formed in the county

which will have as its board of man-

agement a representative from all of

the Granges and Farmers’ Clubs in

the county, the Oakland County Hort-

icultural Society, and various other

farmers’ organizations there. The

Commercial Club, of Pontiac, will a1.

so have representatives on the board.

The object of this organization is to

have more of these get-together

meetings, so that there may be a bet

ter understanding between the var‘

ious lines of activity and a co-opera~

tion between them for a Better Oak-

land.



Oakland county furnishes another

example of the fact that co-operation

between organizations working for

the same common purpose is as val-

uable as co-operation within an or-

ganization. This is the Federated

Committee of Wixom, which is a fed-

erated committee of the Wixom

Church, Grange, Farmers’ Club, and

School. Its purpose is to foster and

encourage the community spirit,

which can only be done by co-opera-

tion. It has had wonderful effect in

getting these organizations to spend

their energies along common lines

where before all were trying in dif-

ferent ways to accomplish work of

public good.



Last winter this committee held a

lecture course which was most suc-

cessful and brought to Wixom enter-

tainment and enlightenment which

would not have been possible through

the efforts of any individual organi-

zation. Already the committee has

full arrangemnts made for a Federa-

tion Fair which will be held in Oc-

tober. The premium lists are out,

even now, for distribution. This is

more than some of the larger fairs of

the state can say, and shows that

some real live people are back of this

movement. The premium list pro-





vides for contests in all of the com--





mon farm crops for the men, also in

canned goods, baked goods, and em-

broidery for the ladies, and for the

children, various contests along the

line of school work. There will even

be a better baby contest, in “which

there will undoubtedly be spirited

rivalry.



Another thing this committee will

soon undertake, is the establishment

of a playground for the children near

the schoolhouse. This committee has





23—463





been organized comparatively a short

time, and if it continues as it has

started it will make the name of

Wixom known far and wide,



Other communities may well take

heed of work like this and the Grange

should lead in such movements.





BIG MEETING OF LAINGSBURG

GRANGE





 





Laingsburg Grange, in Shiawassee

county, although a comparatively

new Grange, is proving itself a very

active youngster, having taken in 50

new members since the first of Feb

ruary. Having a class of 40 to ini-

tiate in the third and fourth degrees,

and about 30 to take the first and

second degrees, it was decided best

to hold an all-day meeting at their

hall March 25. Capitol Grange de~

gree team were invited to exemplify

the work of the four degrees. About

30 members of Capital Grange made

the trip and pronounced it the most

enjoyable pilgrimage yet taken in

that capacity. The first and second

degrees were conferred in the morn-

ing, with E. A. Holden and W. R.

Cooper respectively as masters of

these teams, the work being very im-

pressive throughout. Dinner was

served by the ladies of Laingsburg

Grange, and was pronounced a mas-

terpiece of culinary skill by the visa

itors. After dinner the third degree

was exemplified by the ladies’ degree

team of Capital Grange, and the

fourth degree by the regular officers

of the same Grange, of which George

Hume is master, and was carried out

in a faultless manner. A short pro-

gram followed, consisting of music by

Laingsburg Grange, talks by new

members, with remarks by R. W.

Cooper who spoke of the moral and

educational work of the Grange. C.

W. Foster alluded to the splendid

work the Grange was doing in Michi-

gan along temperance lines. Said his

attention was first drawn to the

Grange when he read their printed

programs and saw that they discuss-

ed live questions, unto-date topics,

political questions, but not partisan

politics. Mr. Hume spoke of the leg-

islative and social work accomplish-

ed by the Order. Supper was then

served, a social hour spent before

train time, and all who participated

in this “Big Meeting” felt that

Old friends were united, new friends



ships were



Formed that memorable day;

Cemented by fraternity’s ties,



shall



Last forever and aye.



Mrs. E. J. Creyts.





that





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





 





Ingham County Pomona Grange was

royally entertained by White Oak

Grange, Saturday, March 28. In spite

of bad weather and roads, there was

a good crowd of enthusiastic workers.

After a most excellent dinner, served

by the ladies of White Oak, the meet‘

ing was called to order by \Vorthy

Master Young. During the regular

order of business, Grace Fisher, new-

ly elected lecturer for Pomona, was

installed. Following the business ses-

sions an interesting and instructive

program was given. Rev. Morrison

gave a splendid temperance address.

quoting, not statistics, but facts and

scenes of reality growing out of the

curse of liquor. No father, no mother

desires the son to fill a drunkard’s

grave, or a daughter ruined by the

never failing curse of the saloon.

Then followed an interesting talk on

prOhibition, by H. K. Smith. A paper,

“Thoughts, and what they Produce,”

by Mrs. Davidson, of Ingham Grange,

was very much enjoyed. Recitations,

“Marie Spicer’s Census Taker,” and

“The Convict’s Warning,” by Miss

Bachelor, were highly appreciated. A

discussion of the county road system

by several of the members brought

out many interesting thoughts and

ideas. Music, consisting of songs by

White Oak Grange, violin solos by

Mr. Potter, and vocal solos composed

by H. K. Smith for the occasion, com~

pleted a program enjoyed by all.—

Grace Fisher, Lecturer.





NEW GRANGE IN BARRY COUNTY.





 





Castleton Grange, No. 1775, is the

title of the new Grange organized in

the Feighner schoolhouse in Castle-

ton township, Barry county. This

Grange starts out with 64 charter

members and is the result of the ef-

forts of Roy G. Brumm and others.

Deputy C. F. Kiefer, of Morley, was

present and installed the following





officers: Master, E. M. Palmer; sec-

retary, R. G. Brumm; lecturer, Bert

Price; overseer, Fred Brumm; stew-





ard, Elmer Mater; assistant steward.

Frank Hart; assistant lady steward,

Miss Pearl Dill; chaplain, Mrs. Cleve-

land Strow; gatekeeper, Freeland T.

Garlinger. *
‘2

l

l

f





 





 





2/ . $950





Completely Equipped

With electric starter and generator—31075.

Pricesf, 0. 5, Toledo





Now i_s £13 Time——





comes cheerfully bobbing into your

midst and grufl' Mr. Winter goes

grumbling and sliding out of sight—when

old mother earth is thawing out and inviting

you and yours to stay and play out in the

open —-when every single road coming and

going from your farm is automatically

cleared by nature and opened up for a big

spring business—when the days get longer

and the sun gets warmer—when the wel-

come robins and tiny buds appear and the

slush, snow and ice disappears—that’s the

time to get your new Overland and open

her up to your heart’s content. And you

need it more than you probably realize.

What’s more—your whole family

needs it.





Think of Your Family





They, too, want to get out of their former

small and narrow path. They, too, want to

go hither and thither—seeing, learning, play-

ing, working, enjoying, broadening and

accomplishing.



For life can be just what you make it

--dull, forlorn and narrow or just chuck full

of everlasting fun and enjoyment.



Even work becomes light under the

proper conditions. Remove the dreary

drudge and you get light-heartedness in all

of its efficient youth and glory.



That’s what an Overland can do for you

and yours! .



“Yes”-you say, “ but that costs a

whole lot of money. ’



There’s where you are wrong.



It doesn’t cost a whole lot of money.



Do you realize how much automobile

you get in an Overland for $950? Do you





WHEN bright little Miss Spring .





realize that it isa great big five-passenger.





touring car? That it has the power to take





 





you wherever you want to go and that it il

built to last for years and years and years.





A Big, Beautiful, Powerful Car





Don’t confuse the Overland with those

small dinky cars. Because our price is so

exceeding] low people often class us with

those smalllafl'airs. Our price is low be-

cause we manufacture cars on such a gigantic

scale that we can make them more econ-

omically than anyone else in the business.

This year we will produce 50,000 cars.

Think of it! And that’s the reason our

price is 30% under anything on the market.



The Overland is a big car—a roomy

car—a powerful car—a beautiful car—a

comfortable car—dependable to the last

degree.



In fact the mechanical construction of

the Overland could be no better—regard-

less of price.



Then the Overland is right up-to-date

in every respect. The body is finished in

rich Brewster green—trimmed in highly

polished nickel plate and aluminum. It has

a graceful cowl dash. There are electric

lights throughout—even under the dash.

The motor is powerful, speedy, smooth and

quiet. The wheel base is long and the tires

are large. It is remarkably economical on

oil and gasoline.



Right Up-to-Date



The 1914 Overland is beyond question the



greatest automobile buy in the world. It has all





the improvements, refinements, features and finish

of a high priced car, yet costs but $950—which is





' 30% less than any other similar car made.





It is up to you. Spring is here. There are

months and months of perfect automobile weather

ahead of you and $950 put into an Overland will

bring you a greater return on your money than

you can get from any other form of investment.



There is an Overland dealer near you. See

this car today. Or write for catalogue.





Please address Dept. 86.





 





__-__-_-__..,——-_ ——





The Willys-Overland Company, Toledo, Ohio





 





7





Manufacturers of the famous Overland Delivery Wagons, Godard and Willys- UfilloKTrucbs. Full Information on request.





 





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