The Only Weekly AA‘griCultural,’ Horticultural and LiVe Stock Journal in the State.

DETROIT. ,MICH.‘. SATURDAY. JULY. '10, 1909.





VOL. CXXXIII. No. 2.

Whole Number 3459.





FARM NOTES.





Spraying Potatoes for Blight.

At what stage should potatoes ,

sprayed for blight and how

Should the Bordeaux mixture be allowed

to stand after being mixed together, or





should the vitriol and lime be kept sep—’





arate?

Branch Co. W. S. H.





Please give me full directions ‘hOW‘tO

spray potatoes to prevent blight. My

early Ones seem to be affected but they

are so far along I do not think it Will

hurt them. I want to save the late ones,

which are just coming up. -



VVashtenaw Co. G. E. S.





Our practice has been to begin’spraying





as soon as the potatoes are about’eight'

inches high, previded the weather is such‘

as seems favorable for the development





of blight, and continuing at varying in-

tervals, depending upon weather condi-

tions, until the crop approaches maturity.





The efficiency of this preventive depends





on keeping the vines covered at all times.

For this reason the frequency of spray-

ing depends a good deal upon the weather.

Blight develops most rapidly in cloudy,

damp weather, for which reason spraying

need not be so frequent in bright sunny

weather, both because the blight spores

will »not develop as rapidly in such

weather and because the mixture stays

uh tip} villas longer.

be seam



August, after which fro





ment of the grower dictates.



It will not answer to make the Bor-

deaux mixture ready for- use and let it

stand from one spraying to another. It

should be mixed fresh

each time and this is

very easily accomp-

lished, provided “stock

mixtures” are used.

These may be prepared

and kept ready all thru

the season without any

loss of efficiency. The

fresh stone lime should

be slackcd in some

convenient receptacle

and kept in the form

of a thick paste ready

to be mixed with the

other ingredients. For

this purpose the writer

uses a large cauldron

kettle, but a box or

large barrel will answer

the purpose just as well

and will save the

trouble of slacking the

lime each time it is de-

sircd to make up some

of the mixture. The

copper sulfate solution

can also be prepared

by taking a tight wood—

en barrel and dissolv—

ing the copper sulfate

in water by suspending

it in a coarse sack at

the tOD 0f the barrel.

The water will dissolve

about 3 lbs. of copper

sulfate to 1 gallon of

water, which makes

what is known as a

saturated solution. A

wooden barrel should

* be used because the

copper sulfate will cor-

rode iron and the copper sulfate should

be suspended at the top of the barrel

because 'the solution is heavier than the

water and will settle to the bottom con-

sequently the crystals will dissolve much

more quickly if suspended at the top of

the _'.barrel



Having this stock mixture on hand it

is a comparatively small task to mix the

Bordeaux mixture as needed. Since the





be ;

often? »





It will not often





it ree l to .~ " vs

applications may be made as the .111di





copper sulfate solution contains 3 lbs. of

copper sulfate to 1 gallon of water’you

have only'to measure it out to'get the

desired strength.

used a suflicent quantity to make 6 lbs.

of copper sulfate to 50 gallons of the

mixture



Recent tests seem to indicate that 4

lbs. is sufficient. We have, however, con-

tinued‘to use 6 lbs. for the reason that

our sprayer, which is an old type, does

not apply a very heavy coating to the

vines.‘ _ It ‘is [best to mix the desired

quantity of this stock solution in about

25 gallons of watenbefore adding the

lime. Then add sufficient lime, also

diluted in water before adding, to neu-

tralize the vitriol, straining. the lime

solution thru a coarse sack so there Will

be no lumps to clog the spray nozzles.

Various quantities of lime are used, vary-

ing from 4 to 6 lbs. to 50 gallons of. the

mixture, but where the stock solution is

used the more convenient way is to apply

a simple test to determine when the

lime content of the mixture is suffi-

ciently high. A very satisfactory test,

and one which the writer has used with

success, is what is known as the ferro-

cyanide of potassium test. Get ten cents

worth of this drug, commonly known as

yellow prussiate of potash, and dissolve

in water. When it is thot that sufficient





the solution and add a few drops of this

test solution. If no discoloration of the

liquid occurs, it containssufficient lime

to neutralize the copper sulfate so that

the foliage will not be harmed. If a dis-

colorutllm occurs more lime should be





added and as the addition of the lime

has no harmful effects, it is best to add

enough to be sure altho the mixtule

should be kept of the right consistency

so that it will work well in the spraver.

in our practice we have the stock mix-

ture on hand thru the summer and the

Bordeaux mixture is made each time the

spiny barrel is filled. In this way an

absolutely fresh mixture is had at all





The writer has always,

‘ for





,them





We out a little 91"





times without any additional labor in

the making.



The late blight of potatoes is much

more destructive than the early blight,

which reason many growers of late

potatoes are planting as early as pos-

sible so as to get the crop well along

toward maturity before the late blight

injures them, should it be prevalent.

But with’the late planted crop it is

more important to spray thoroly, to keep

the vines covered with the mixture at all

times in order to secure a desirable de-

gree of immunity.



Eradicating Wireworms.



The farmers in 'this locality are

troubled this spring with wire w01ms

working in the oat fields, especially on

sod fields that were plowed down a year

ago for corn and then plowed again for

oats. If any of the Michigan Farmer

readers have had experience in fighting

successfully, would like to hear

from them thru the columns of The

Fa1mei 1 One party here says as soon as

\ou see that they are working on a crop

to go right on and sow about two bushels

of salt to the acre, that it does not in-

jure the crop or clover if seeded and

wil stop them. Would it not be all right

to sow the salt a few days before you

intend sowing the eiop?



St. Clair Co. R. W. VEITCH.





While some farmers claim great re-

sults in leSSening the damage done by

the application of salt, and ~ hile it may

keep them in check to a certain exte t,

yet frdfn the life history of the W s

it is apparent that this remedy should

not be depended upon too implicitly in

their eradication. The lar\..e of the

wireworm lives for two or three years

in the soil before completing this stage

of its development to the mature insect.





75 CENTS A YEAR

“.50 THREE YEARS





crop until the worms have matured and

left the field before it is reseeded, and 11.

shorter rotation is practiced in the fu-

lure, the best results will be secured

in keeping the fields free from these

troublesome pests.



Effect of Fertilizer 6n Seed.





In this \icinity a gtieat many farmers

l1a1e sown fertilizer in their beans this





dear and I know of a number of poor





Some lay the poor stand to too

d1y weather and the fertilizer

burning the beans, and some attribute

it to too much wet weather. What do

you think about this, Where 50 to 100 lbs.

per acre was sown in the rows with the

seed?



Sanilac Co. W. E. P01133301



It is generally admitted by those who

have used fertilizer 0n beans, that it is

possible to injure the germinating quality

of the seed by applying too much fer-

tilizer in the row with the beans. For

this reason where fairly heavy applica-

tions are used it is customary among-

experienced growers to sow the fertilizer

thru one drill on each side of the row

fits well as thru the hoe in which the

seed is dropped. In the writer’s opinion

a still better way is to apply the fer-

tilizer broadcast and thoroly mix it with

the soil while it is being fitted for the

crop. If it is thus well distributed and

mixed with the soil it will be reached

by the plant roots and will be held in a

more available condition to be appropri-

ated by them. However, it hardly seems

possible that a comparatively small appli-

cation such as is mentioned would injure

the seed, and if the case were the writ—

er‘s he would look for other reasons for

the poor stand before attributing it to

the fertilizer. Bean





stands.

much





1,.





 





A Roomy, Well Shaded Porch Adds Much to the Comfort of Farm Life at this Season.





For this reason no method will serve to

eradicate them completely and at once.

The best results have been secured by

fall plowing the land, as the action of

the elements will destroy quite a pro-

portion of the larvae during the winter.

The sowing of crops that are distasteful

to the worms, such as buckwheat, or

rape for a forage crop is also recom-

mended. But if the land is kept in some





seed is very rarely

tested for its germinat-

ing quality, altho it will

often be found to ger-

minate as poorly as the

average sample of seed

corn which has not been

carefully selected, dried

and stored so as to

keep its germinating



q u n l'i 't y unimpaired.

Then, too, a poor stand

of beans sometimes re-

sults from unfavorable

weather just after the

crop planted. “'hen

heavy rains Occur which

cause 11 crust to form

on the surface before

the beans Come up, the

tender plants some-

times find it difficult

to break thru the sur—

face and will come up

unevenly and make a

poor stand. “'0 had a.

field of beans 11 number

of years ago that made

SUN] :1 poor stand on

account of these condi-

tions that it was culti-

vated up and replanted.

Many of the first plant—

int,r survived this refit—

ling and came on after-

ward, which convinced

us that perhaps the

stand could have been

saucd by a timely har-

111wing after the crust

foimed. With t h e



Weather conditions un-

favorable as they were at bean planting

time this year, it would apear that this

would be a more likely cause for the

poor stand of beans than the one sug-

gested in the above inquiry.



However, good distribution is an im-

portant factor in the results secured

from fertilizer as well as from manure,

and it would be better to sow it as above

suggested rather than with seed alone.





is
"22‘ a..-





THE DRAFT OF FARM WAGONS.





 





Most farmers believe that a load on a.

long geared wagon draws heavier than

the same load on a short geared one. Is

this true? Is there any law in natural

philosophy to substantiate this fully? It

seems that the draft must be in propor-

tion to the weight of the load and fric—

tion. Is there any other item that enters

into the question of draft?



Barry Co. ..H PALMATIER.





There are a, few simple facts concern-

ing the draft of wagons which are in-

volved in the problem submitted.



1.‘ On a perfectly smooth road bed the

height of wheel does not materially effect

the draft.



2. On all ordinary road beds the height

of wheel does effect the draft.



3. Depending on the second proposi-

tion, the distribution of load upon a

wagon whose front and rear wheels are

different in height does make a difference

in the draft.



Starting a wagon over an obstruction

say of one inch, the ease with which the

wagon will be lifted over the obstruction

will be uniformly proportional to the

height of the 'wheel. For example, if a

pull of 200 lbs. will lift a 35 inch wheel

carrying a gross load of 1,000 lbs. over the

above named inch obstruction, it will re-

quire a pull of only 160 lbs. to lift a 42

inch wheel carrying the same gross load

of 1,000 lbs. over the same obstruction.

The rear wheel, you see, is one—fifth

higher than the former, and requires one-

fifth less pull to lift it over {the obstruc-

tion. This has been demonstrated by our

students repeatedly.



A common belief is that the larger por-

tion of a load should be carried upon the

front wheels of an ordinary wagon. This

is a mistake. Upon the ordinary well

constructed road bed, a wagon with 35

inch front wheels and 42 inch rear wheels,

and carrying a gross load of 3,300 lbs.,

should have that 3,300 lbs. distributed in

such a way that 1,500 lbs. should be borne

by the front wheels and 1,800 by the rear

wheels. This fact has also been demon-

strated by our students, and is therefore

a matter of both theory and fact.



,On a perfectly smooth, hard road bed

the least pull is required to move a

loaded wag-on when the pull is made in a.

direction absolutely parallel to the road

bed. Under this condition an upward

slant of the trace increases the pull re-

quired to move a load. If, however, the

road bed is somewhat rough, or is rutty,

then the proper upward slant of the trace

will lessen the pull.



If the draft is greater when a wagon is

lengthened out, it must be due chiefly

to the fact that in such lengthening a

greater proportion of the load is brot

upon the front wheels, If, after lengthen-

ing the gears of a wagon, the proportion

of the load is distributed in the same

proportions as before, the draft ought to

be slightly less for the. same load on an

ordinarily good road bed, for the reason

that the direction of the reach in the

lengthening has been brot more nearly

parallel to the road bed.



Agril. College. J. A. JEFFERY.

THE WEED NUISANCE.





 





I “suppose upon every form there- grow

some weeds, and upon a great many of

them they not only grow, but they are

allowed to go to seed besides. In some,

cases I think because of the numerous

acres of the farm that the owner really

does not have the time to exterminate

the foul stuff, but upon a great many

others it is a case of genuine carelessness

and I have no sympathy with the man

who can sit in the house on pleasant

days of the summer and read his paper

while his fields are fairly bristling with

quack grass, Canada thistles, dock, milk

weeds, and other foul and useless pests

too numerous to mention.



I do not say that all farmers are built

this way. I do not even say that it is

the way of a great many, but I do say

that a few are given to gl'OSS neglect and

that others farms are so large, they have

no time to exterminate the weeds.



The result is weeds are ever on the

increase, the careful farmer as well as

his more lawless neighbor, fo: no farm

can be kept clean of them when the next

farm is growing mllions of them every

season.



As an illustration, I will tell you of an

experience I had last summer growing

cucumbers. The ground was new. It





was the second time it was ever plowed,

yet when I came to give the cucumbers

a cultivation I found quite a good many

milk weeds springing up. At first I could

not account for their getting in the

ground, but when I came to put this piece

of ground into fall grain I had no trouble





 





in determining how they got on t e land.

The wind was blewing quite- strongly

from the west and the milk weed seeds

were sailing thru the air like so many

balloons. I afterwards found out where

they were allowed to go to seed and it

was about three-quarters of a mile away.



What was the matter with this man,

you will ask. WellyI will tell you, he

was trying to farm 160 acres of land

alone, and also trying to keep a lot of

stock without very good fences, and he

just simply could not more than half do

his work, let alone trying to keep down

the milk weeds. That is an illustration

of a man who has so much to do he can

not do it.



He is not the only one, for there are

plenty more in this community who are

in the same kind of trouble, in havng

too large farms to look after, as an in~

speciion of their growing crops during

the latter part of the summer will plainly

show.



I saw one bean field last summer with

the weeds growing nearly as high as my

head, and several such pieces were put

into fall grain with many of such weeds

still standing in the field.



Now such men as these cannot work

their large farms with the help at their

command unless they do neglect the

weeds, but what of the man with the

small farm, 'who takes the time to go to

all of the picnics, shows, and other doings

around him, while at home his farm is

growing quack grass, Canada thistles and

other foul stuff, more luxuriantly than

it does the crops he is raising for main-

tenance of his stock and family. There

is no use in wastng any time upon such

a man.



The quicker he sells out to some man

who will look after such things, the better

it will be for his neighbors, and the

sooner the man with the large farm de-

cides to part with half of his holdings

the better it will be also. And when the

laws are so made and enforced that no

foul stuff will be allowed to go to seed,

that is just about what will happen, and



Q

then we shall see the farms of this coun-

try among the best in the world and a

beautiful sight to see.





Montcalm Co. J. H. HANKs.





CONCRETE SETTLING BASINS FOR

TILE DRAINS.





 





Too much can scarcely be said in favor

of the use of cement or concrete con-

struction on the farm. There is one val-

uable use for this material I desire to

mention and highly recommend.



\Vhon tile draining wot or swampy

places and a permanent manhole is de-





 





I I I





 





 





 





102 m

4 ..

106 '





 





76 in

4

80 '~





 





 





 





 





 





 





III III

i—1 i





Fig I

sired—as is often the case—at junction

points, there is nothing so good and so

cheap as concrete.



Several years ago the writer used empty

glucose barrels for this purpose and they

did good service for a time, but are short

lived and are now being replaced with a

permanent home-made concrete curb

costing for material from 75 cents to

$1.00 each, and they certainly promise a

long term of good service.



To provide the necessary form for this

curb, first secure two pieces of Sheet iron,

18 ..‘hes or more wide, and 80 and 106

inches long respectively; across one end

of each rivet a piece of flat iron—if handy

a piece of old buggy tire will suffice-4n

which is placed three small or fence

staples. as apears in Fig. 1, tun: making

it possible to form a double sheet iron

drum, see Fig. 2, with a diameter of 24

inches inside and 32 outside, leaving four

inches betwccn as the thickness of the

curbing. This includes a lap of four or

five int-hes.



For each curb make one circle 8 or 10

inches deep for the bottom of the well-

hole, which forms a settling basin to





~’





FigH





THE MICHIGAN FAR





catch the quicksand or silt as» it comes

thru‘ the intakes._ On, this lower circle

place four supporting blocks, ‘ formed by-

placing into the circular form eight

pieces of board four inches wide—or the

width of the. form—and a length equal to

the outside. diameter of the tile being

used—and then carefully fill the form to

t.e top of the board divisions. If four

inch tile are used, cut the divixion boards

six or six and one-half inches long—but

all One length—place these supporting

blocks so as to carry the load securely

and to allow the tile to enter between

the blocks and in their proper places. *



The remaining unfilled spaces should be

filled with stones or bats for draining

purposes; a ve this make and 1 ice one

or more circles with sufficient width to

reach to the surface of the ground, and

then cover the same with a concrete

cover as shown in Fig. 2. This will pro-

tect against wash and filling but will

admit the surface water in moderate

quantities, as well as permit working

over it when plowing, cultivating, etc.



For convenience in handling, the top

circles should be not to exceed 12 to 18

inches deep and if handy the whole struc-

ture can be loaded with small stone or

coarse gravel, to reduce the expense of

material, and with the ame good results.

One part cement, well mixed with five

or six parts sharp sand, makes a strong

mixture, and will carry all the small

stone it will cover.



Fig. 3 shows a complete curb all ready

for the cover. This, as with all good

cement improvements, is along the line

of permanent work and commends itself.



Kent Co. B. W. PUTNAM.





 





OX-EYE DAISIES IN PASTURE.





 





I have a pasture that has not been

plowed in the last 15 years. It is getting

badly infested with the ox- eye daisv, this

plant threatening to take possession of

the field How shall I proceed to get rid

of this pest?



Ottawa Co. A FARMER.





I am of the opinion that the only way

to eradicate the ox—eye daisies from the

pasture is to plow the, pasture and reseed

it. It would be better. to plow it this

fall and plant it to corn next year, giving

it thoro cultivation so as to allow none

of the daisies to grow, then probably sow

it to oats in the spring, fertilize it well

either with barnyard manure this fall

and winter or with commercial fertilizers

next spring before planting the corn, and

the following year crop it with oats.

Then I would plow again after planting

the oat stubble and seed to wheat, seed-

ing it down to permanent pasture. Or

if you Want to get it back into perma-





 





 





Fig Ill





nent pasture sooner you can seed after





the oats. I would wait until after I had

harvested the oats and then go on with

a good sharp disk barrow; sharpen the

blades of the disk and work it up care.

fully. By going over the field about three

times with a good disk barrow you can

put it in fine condition. Then, when the

first fall rains come, the lust of August

or the first of September, go on and sow

a mixture of grasses, something like this:

Red clover, alsike clover, 'znothy, 0r-

chard grass, meadow feseue, tall meadow

oat grass.



If this is sown the latter part of Au-

gust or the first of September it will

become pretty well established by the

next spring. \Vhile I would not want to

put the cattle onto it too early in the

spring, not before the, ground had become

well settled after the spring rains, it will

do then for light posturing. It should

not be heavily pasturcd until the next

year, or until the grass becomes well

established. If you will plow this pasture

up and seed in this manner, I think you

will eradicate the ox-eye daisies. The

ox-eye daisy coming into the pasture in





this way In an indication that the land V»

is pretty well run and a. good liberal fer-

'tilizing will not only furnish you better"

grass but it will prevent the daisies from 4





coming in again soon.





If this pasture field is rough so that it





cannot be plowed, I would disk it up this

fall, after ittlbeeomes softened by the fall

rains, and seed to grass. Top dress this

with stable manure, or, if you haven’t the

stable manure, with a complete fertilizer,

using a pretty liberal supply. This Will

cause the grass in the old pasture and

the new seeding sown to grow vigorously

and will assist in choking out the daisies,

at least partially.



If the field is too rough’to disk or work

in any way, then I think that the only

way you can get rid of the daisies is by

heavily fertilizing, so that the grass will

choke it out. I am of the opinion that it

can be done in this way. Your land is

getting run by being too long in a con-





tinuous pasture—taking everything off.





and putting nothing back. If you will

fertilize the grass thoroly, either by top

dressing' with stable manure, or with

commercial fertilizer, especially bone

meal, you will stimulate the growth of

grass so that it will largely crowd out

the daisies.





COLON. C. LILLIE.





 





 





IMPROVING A LAND ROLLER.





 





The steel land rollers, as made today,

are a nice tool, and almost indispensible

on the farm, but unless one piles a stone

heap on them, they are often too light

to do effective work. Stone are not al—

ways at hand when we need them, and

even when they are, and we place them

on the tool, they are at all times liable to

roll off and smash our toes that happen

to be in the exact spot they take to fall

on, or else bump the heels of our horses

and frighten them.



I think some of The Farmer readers

will be interested in the way we fixed

ours last winter, and as it is inexpensive,

I think some will want to try it. The

materials used were cement, sand and

gravel, and some old salt barrels—any

kind of barrels could be used, or even

old lumber cut in strips. The staves

were cut the length of the sections of the





roller, and sawed partly thru on the out- '





side, so they could be straightened. ”Sev-

eral were put in place, the ends “resting

on the rim at the end of the roller.

Enough were put in so that they were

held in place by resting against two

“spokes” at each end, then concrete was

mixed and worked in behind the staves,

filling the space, another section of the

staves put in, the space filled, and the

proceeding repeated till the circle was

complete. The staves were left in place

till the cement set, when they were too

tight to remove, and as they were of

small value, and not in the way, they

are there yet. Two of my brothers did

the work in the basement of the barn

during stormy weather last winter. It

adds over six hundred pounds in weight

to the roller, and in use last spring it did

much better work than ever before. We

think it easily doubles the value of the

tool, and about the only expense was for

the cement.





Eaton Co. APOLLOS LONG.





NITROGEN CAPTURING PLANTS.

Nitrogen for agricultural fertilization is

worth from 15 to 20 cents a pound, Whole—

sale, so that when it is known that at

the Michigan Agricultural Experiment

Station, on average ground, cowpeas





 





yielded 139 pounds of nitrogen per acre ,





and soy beans 113 pounds, all captured

from the air, the money value of the

legume to the farmer may be appre-

ciated. Compilations made at the De-

partment of Agriculture from various

sources show that cured hay of the var-

ious legumes contains from 40 to 50





pou.ds of nitrogen to the ton. Land

which will produce, therefore, two tons

to the acre of cured clover or other





leguminous hay, yields 80 to 100 pounds

of nitrogen, and the best wa‘ to realize

this $15 or $20 of fertilizing wealth is

to feed the hay right on the farm, con--

verting it into manure and at the same

time securing in addition its full forage

value. Barnyard manure contains from

75 to 90 per cent of the total fertilizing

substance in the feeds used, depending

upon the handling of the manure.



IVashington. D, C. G. E. M.



There is profit in mulching, especially

with some varieties of vegetables. As

to when is the best time for such work.

depends largely, of ,zourse, upon circum-

stances and weather conditions.





 





 





 





 





 





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JULY 10. 1909.





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‘" LIVE STOCK :





 





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RELATIVE TERMS APPLIED TO IM»,

PROVED LIVE STOCK.



The general interest in live stock im-

provement thruout the state is attested

by the number of inquiries which have

rceently been received from subscribers,

asking for a clear definition of the terms

commonly used in connection with the

different stages of such improvement.

One asks for a definition of the' terms

pure-bred, thorobred, full-blood, etc., and

another would have a clearer understand-

ing of the words, grade, cross-bred, and

There is a very general misunder-





 





scub.



standing and misuse of these terms



among those who have not taken an

in live stock improvement,





active part .

and, as the technical terms which are





commonly used or applied in any business

should be thoroly understood by those

who are in the business or contemplate

engaging in it, we have deemed it ex—

pedient to make a general reply to the

above inquiries at this time.



Of the terms above noted the first

named is the only one that can be prop-

erly applied to individuals of our im-

proved breeds of live stock. Its origin is

doubtless due to the fact that to be en-

titled to registration in any of the herd

books an animal must be pure bred within

the requirements of the association, with

an unbroken chain of ancestors recorded

in the herd books and acknowledged as

“pure bred” in their certificates of regis-

t-ration. It is not, however, necessary to

so designate individuals of any of the im-

proved breeds. The use of the breed name

implies that the animal so described is

pure bred. The term Thorobred is properly

used only in connection with the breed

of horses so designated, which is as dis-

tinctly a separate breed as the Percheron

one of the oldest of the

improved breeds of horses. The adapta—

bility of the name which was applied

to these horses at a time when it was a

distinction Shared by none other has led

to its somewhat common use in speaking

of individuals of other improved breeds

of ,liVe stock. The term full blood no

doubt had its origin in the fact that an

animal carrying a fraction of blood alien

to the breed in which it is classed is not

eligible to registration in any herd book.



The term grade, as applied to the im—

1‘rovement of our common stock means,

in the general acceptance of the term,

the product of the pure—bred sire when

mated with a common or grade dam,

while the cross—bred animal is the pro-

duct of mating two pure bred animals

of different breeds and the scrub is of a.

mixed breeding that is often so varied

as to be beyond description. The latter

word is also fittingly applied to the un-

thrifty, poorly kept animal of better

breeding and in its broader sense might,

unfortunately, be applied to a far too

large proportion of our live stock.





being, in fact,





CEMENT FLOORS FOR HORSE

STABLE.





 





I have a basement built for a barn.

This basement is all above ground, is

about 8 ft. high and is built with hollow

cement blocks 8x10x20 inches. "What I

want to know is, if I will need a shallow

gutter behind the horses or should the

floor be nearly level and depend on the

bedding to take up the moisture. Also.

how thick should the cement floor be for

horse stable? Most of the people that I

have talked with seem to think that there

will have to be. a wooden floor ovm‘ the

cement for the horses to stand on. What

do you think about it?



Monroe C0. J. F. BARRY.





I would not have a gutter behind the

horses the same as you would behind the

cows. It is not necessary and it would

be very inconvenient. The horses would

be slipping into it more than the cows

and would be more apt to be injured

from it. In my own stable we have a

little drop back of the hind feet of the

horses, but it would not be in any sense

a gutter. It is not over two inches deep

and is rounding so that there it does

not afford any particular Space for star-

ing manure, as in the cow stable. The

floor of the stable under the horses ought

to slant from their fore feet back. There

ought to be an inch fall, or slope, from

the- fore feet back to this slight drop.

This will allow the urine from the geld-

ings to drain back and not make their

stalls so dirty. I would not figure on

allowing the urine to drain out doors,

but I would absorb it all with the bed—

ding. This can easily be done in a horse

stable. The horse manure itself is a good

absorbent and there is no trouble what-





_\





/.





ever in absorbing all of the liquid mas

nure from the horses. The cement floor

in a horse stable ought to be at least

four inches thick. Most people' recom-

mend that, you put down a grout founda-

tion made of coarse gravel and cement

and then a finishing coat of richer mortar

with screened gravel, but this is really not

necessary. We did not do it when we

made our horse stable floor. We simply

took good clean gravel as it came out oi

the pit, mixed it up four to one and put

it in four inches thick and then trow-

eled it down. The small stones in the

gravel will trowel down into the mortar

so that they do not come to the surface

at all. Our stable floor is hard. You

cannot see that it is worn at all, yet it

has been in' use now something like four

years. It is perfectly satisfactory.



It is absolutely unnecessary to have a.

wooden floor over the cement for the

horses. This is a notion that some people

have and they cannot get out of this

notion simply because they have been

brot up on wooden floors, but wooden

floors are not necessary for any kind of

animals. After we had troweled down

the cement under the horses we simply

took a piece of 2x4, planed, with sharp

corners and made little grooves about

one-half inch deep lengthwise and cross—

Now this





wise, making it into squares.

prevents the horses from slipping and

allows little crevices so that the urine





from the geldings can drain back readily

to the back part of the stall. \Ve have

no trouble in keeping bedding under the

horses and have no trouble from injury

to the knees or anything else. \Vood on

top of cement is not only not needed but

it makes a very unsanitary and dirty-

stable.





HOG CHOLERA EXPERIMENTS.



Hog cholera has longr been a cause of

heavy loss to the furthers and for years

Department of Agricul—

parls of the world





scientists of the

ture and in various

have been working on the problem of the

cause and prevention of this disease.

Recent work of the Bureau of Animal

Industry has demonstrated that the con-

tagion consists of a virus which exists

in the blood and other fluids of diseased

animals, but which can pass thru the

finest filter, is invisible under the micro-

scope, and therefore cannot be isolated

or discerned by any of the usual meth-

ods. The real cause of the disease hav-

ing been determined, the Bureau of Ani-

mal Industry next turned its attention

to experiments with a view to producing

a vaccine, or serum which will prevent or

cure the distase. Successful results

appear to be indicated from the experi-

ments thus far made. In the experi-

ments hogs that have recovered from the

disease or that have been exposed with-

out contracting it are injected with suit-

able amounts of virulent blood from dis-

eased hogs, and thus their immunity is

heightened. The blood serum of these

immunes is then used in vaccinating the

hogs which it is desired to protect. The

method giving the best results is to inject

blood from diseased hogs simultaneously

with the immune serum. By this method

of vaccination hogs are protected for

three and a half months or more, While

by the use of the serum alone the protec-

tion can not be expected to last longer

than three weeks.



State experiment stations having been

testing this method for a few years and

it is hoped by the officials of the Depart-

ment 'of Agriculture that the practica.

bility of this method for combating hog

cholera may thus be determined within

a short time.



In 1905 Professor

the Kansas station,





\Valter E. King, of

undertook a number

of experiments in an attempt to deter-

mine iwhether hog cholera s»rum could

be modified by passage thru some domes-

ticated animal. The sheep was the first

animal upon which extensive work was

conducted. This was attended with var-

iable results, some negative, some positive,

but with no degree of uniformity. The

employment of the sheep was therefore

suspended and the next animal used was

the donkey. These were more encouraging.

After some work with the donkey, the

horse was used as a medium, in attempt—

ing to produce a satisfactory serum.

No attempt‘was made last year to pro-

duce an experimental-hog-cholera anti-

toxin from the horse, the work being

directed more particularly toward the

attempted production of a hog~cholera

vaccine.



Tests were conducted at the Kansas

station with a number of lots of hogs.

These animals were immunized by the

injection of hog-cholera virus, once highly





I .

.I.’

.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





virulent, but weakened by age at the time

of inoculation and by exposure to the

Riley strain of hog cholera.



Hog No. 1 was treated during Feli-

ruary, 1908, and afterward confined in





pens infected with the acute type of the!





disease. Others were treated at approxi-

mately the same time and the degree of

immunity extended from three to eight

months. These experiments will be con-

ducted during the present year and the

officials hope to produce a virus which

will protect the animals from the ray-

ages of the disease. In these experiments

as many series of hogs as oppwrtunity

will permit will be used under various

conditions in testing the vaccines. But

the tests made so far appear that the

steps taken are in the right direction

and all that remains is a perfection of the

process.

“'ashington, D. C, G. E. M.





TRAINING THE COLT.



I recently saw a colt on which was a

sensible “bitting rig,” or at least it ap-

peared to me as such,



Most colts are never half broken, which

accounts for a lot of lawless horses that

never know anything, but they are blame-

less for the man who broke them had

no idea of the proper way of accustoming

the colt to its duties. Most men, when

they have a colt to break, start in by

putting a bridle and a harness on and

drive it about a. few times, then either

hitch it in with another old, steady

horse to haul it around, or hitch it single

and drive it. Thus the colt is never

given time to become accustomed to hit





and reins as it should, and. unless very

naturally upheaded and stylish, he will





develop into a horse that you can drive

within the road limits, provided nothing

scares him,



This bitting rig consisted of a driving

harness with the side straps removed;

bridle with overdraw check, and martin-





gulcs. His head was checked reasonably

high. inst enough to bring the martin-

gales nearly taut, thcn reins were run





from the bit lliru the thill lugs and tied

in the breeching rings, just taut enough

to give the neck a stylish curve.



This colt was of the road type, rather

slim built all round. lie was turned loose

with this rig on and the way he handled

himself was good to see. His head was

held in a stylish position and it seemed

natural to him. “'hen he trotted off his

knee action was fine and if this course is

persisted in, there is no doubt that colt

will make a stylish roadster, for he will

get into proper shape from having his

lessons repeated. Later he can be driven

with the same rig and taught to be sen-

sitive to the, rcins and lastly when he

handles Well with this rig it will be a

short job to teach him the buggy hauling

trick and I venture to say he will be a.

pleasant driver.



Few colts would he vicious if their

drivers did not make them so in break-

ing, or later. There are a few things

practiced by many drivers on horses

after they are broken that are cruel,

but the. majority of men who are given

the care of horses have more feeling

and a grain or two of sense. The heart-

less man will take a bridle in winter and

put it on while the bit is full of frost.

He ought to receive the same treat-

ment. Another fool practice I have

frequently observed is slapping the bar-

ness onto a horse that is frightened at

the harness. They say if you slap it or.

hard the horse will soon get used to it

I say it never will, but if the harness is

laid on carefully While you reassure the

horse you will gain your end. Striking

a horse over the, head with anything one

can get hold of is usually a practice of

the quirk tempered driver. It keeps the

horse always on the yank when you go





near his head. only to get more knocks.

\Vhen a horse needs punishing use a.

.whip and not a club, and do not whip





over the head. That should never be

done except possibly with an unreason-

able, balky horse. Then it seldom starts

him. The best tcamster I ever saw

would handle his horses by speaking so

low one would scarcely hear him and they

would back or step ahead at his word

without touching the reins.



Few horses are deaf and the quiet

teamster is where you will find the sleek,

fat horses, and they will accomplish just

as much work.





Maine. D. J. RYTHER.





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MM

CONDUCTED BY DR. W. C. FAIR,

CLEVELAND OHIO.





Advice thru this department is free to

our subscribers. Each communication

should state history and symptoms of the

case in‘ full; also name and addresg of

writer. Initials only will be published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to some one else.





 





 





Exostosis.—I have a colt six weeks old

that has a hard bony bunch growing on

backbone. This colt seemed to be all

right at birth. A. J. R., Ashley, Mich.»—

Your colt has met with an injury of some

kind, setting up an inflammation in

spinous process of vertebra of back. Ap-

ply tincture iodine once a day.



Cut Parotid Duct.——I have a 5-year-old

mare that had distemper two years ago.

Our local Vet. lanced her throat at which

time he cut an artery and a salivary

duct. He tied the artery, but left the

other open. A- very unsightly bunch ap~

peared which has grown and I would

like to know if this duct could not be tied

and a cure affected in this way. D. M.

R., Stockbridge, Mich—What should

have been done at the time of the mis-

take was to have connected the duct with

a silver tube and allowed this to remain

in the flesh. Whenever. the mare eats

the glands of course secrete saliva and

it is poured out thru the duct, it must

therefore have an outlet. This is a case

that requires expert surgical work to

effect a cure.



Tumor.—I have a cow that has had a

sore foot for the past four months; this

growth is situated on the back part of

heel and causes considerable pain. It

appears much like a seed wart. For the

past six or eight 'weeks I have washed it

with soap suds, then applied carbolic

acid diluted with water, but it has failed

to cure it. H, 13., North Star, Mich.

—-Y0ur cow suffers from a malignant

tumor—your treatment has been too

mild. Apply equal parts powdered .sul-

fate’copper, powdered alum and tannic

acid. If this does not reduce the bunch,

burn it with a red hot iron occasionally.



Cow Has Sore Teats.——I would like to

know what to do with a cow that is

troubled with sore teats. Little bunches

form on the bag which later on break

open and discharge a pus like fluid. Then

the wound heals and forms a dry scab

which takes some time to peel off, in fact

these sores are very slow in healing.

J. L, M., Beaverton, Mlch.——Give your

cow 1 oz. hypo-sulphite Soda at a dose,

mixed with feed or as a drench night

and mbrning. Also apply one part iodo-

*form, 'one part powdered alum and four

pants borac acid to sores twice a day.



Fistulous Tum-or.——- Ihave a 3-year—old

filly that has been working every day

until a week ago, when I noticed her neck

was a little sore. I applied lard to re-

move scab, When this came off I found

there is a hole running down into neck

with a. sort of scabby substance in the

hole, which I have tried to pull, but Ilth’e

not succeeded in doing so. There is quite

a little pus coming out. Have been

washing it out with peroxide—hydrogen,

but this seems to fail to heal it. I am

anxious to have her cured in order to

work her. My nearest Vet, is ten miles

from here. E. B. 1)., Brooklyn, Mich.—

What you have done and are doing is

all right. One hour after you ‘have used

the peroxide—hydrogcn. inject one part

bichloride mercury and 250 parts water

in the morning; in the evening apply a





solution made by dissolving- 1 oz. alum,

1 oz. sulfate zinc in three* pints water

once a day.



Barren Cow—Septic Infection—My





brother has Jersey cow that fails to get

with calf. She has had three calves

which seem to be in perfect health. On

examination I found the mouth of uterus

somewhat rigid and closed so tightly

that I could not insert my little finger,

and I have a small hand. What should

be done for her? Also have a 15—year—old

mare, sound in every respect, that has

lost two colts within 72 hours after their

birth. \Vhen born they appear to be as

strong as any colt, have normal action of

bowels and kidneys and nurse all right.

Last one at 36 hours was a lively animal

and 12 hours later was nearly (lead. For

about six hours before. death, lay on side

breathing steadily getting slower and

accompanied with a rattling noise. “'hat

was the cause of death? Mare is in foal

now by a Percheron stallion. A. R.

\Vashington, NIICIL—It is possible if you

try the following yeast treatment that

your heifer will breed. Put two heaping

teaspoonfuls of yeast in a pint of boiled

water. Set the solution near the stove

or in sun and maintain at a warm room

temperature for about five hours; then

add three pints boiled water and keep it

warm for another five hours. By this

time the solution will have a milky ap-

pearance and is ready for use. Flush the

parts with warm water and inject the

yeast. The animal should be mated

from two to eight hours later. The

yeast treatment is effective in curing

barrenness in cattle and ’horses when the

disorder is due to an acid condition of

the genital tract. In cases where the





-





animal does not come in heat it has no

value. ‘The most probable cause of your

colt’s death was from septic infection





following a suppurating umbilical cord.

Apply 1 part carbolic acid and 15 parts

water, or apply 1 part iodoform and 4

or 5 parts horac acid twice daily.

Acidity of Stomach—Liver Disease.—.

Why do our cows eat bricks, boards,

sticks, clay and such like. They have

an excellent pasture this summer, in the

the winter they were fed corn and stalks

with access to salt every day. We also

lost several young turkeys this year.





   





THE MICHIG





Haveopened some and find the liver and

intestines covered with what‘appears to

be ulcers. e have fed them cooked

ground corn,

Turkeys are not lousy. What can we do

to save those remaining? E. C.. Dundee,

Mich—Your cows suffer from acidity of

stomach. Give each cow 1 oz. bicar-

bonate soda, 1 oz. powdered charcoal and

1 oz. ground ginger at a dose ‘in feed

night and morning. Salt them well. Give

your turkeys a teaspoonful of ep30m

salts dissolved in 'water every two or

three days. Also give 1/, gr. podophyllin

at a dose twice a week. Also give ya gr.

salol once a day. .



Geese Have Sore Mouth—Our flock of

geese are troubled with sore mouth. At

first corners of mouth become some sore

and then this trouble seems to spread

rapidly to all parts of the mouth. The

sores appear to heal and then a dry

scab scales off. The geese have a good

appetite, but are poor. Have been fed

crushed bread and corn meal. E. B. C.,

Springport, Mich—Dissolve 1 oz. borax

in three pints water and dip mouth in

this solution when it is open. Also give

1/2 teaspoonful castor oil to each goose

twice a week.



Muco-Enteritis.——My cow was taken

sick at 6 o'clock on Tuesday morning,

refused to eat, drink and chew her cud.

did not appear to be in much pain and

had very little fever, but remained lying

in a natural position most of the time.

A copious watery discharge 'with mucous

and blood—kidney action seemed normal.

What ailed her and what remedies would

you have advised or do you consider it a

fatal disease from the start. She died

on Wednesday a. m. Had always been

well, was fresh three weeks before and

seemed all right. Calf was weaned and

both seemed in perfect condition. B. A.

S., Kingsley, Mich.—Your heifer died from

muco-enteritis with dysentery. In hot

weather a disease of this kind very often

proves fatal, between 12 and 36 hours,

no matter what kind of treatment is

followed. Should you meet with another

case of this kind give a full dose of raw

linseed oil and follow that by giving 2

oz. doses of tincture of opium every two

hours until the bowel movements check.



Rickets.—I have a litter of spring pigs

which up to this time have been fed on

middlings with slop, and only recently

have been put upon ear corn. We notice

that some of them have begun to lose

control of their hind legs and have no

further desire to eat, in fact, they will

lie down within reach of the trof rather

than drag themselves-to it for the. pur-

pose of eating. Upon killing one of the

animals, examination disclosed that- the

lungs were covered with brown spots

and the intestines were not of a healthy

color. The food stuff contained in the

intestines was slimy and watery and of

a greenish color. Will you kindly indi-

cate whether or not these are the symp-

toms that would show up in cholera?

If not, what might the trouble he and

what remedy would you advise? Until

recently the pigs have shown good gains

with no indication whatever of any dis—

ease. These pigs are all of one litter;

other litters on the place have not, up





to this time, shown any indication of

trouble. C. C. G., Battle Creek, Mich.—

i do not believe that you have cholera





on your place, but your hogs may have

eaten infected food, or perhaps their

ration is out of balance. By feeding





them less corn and some oats and oil

meal, adding some air slacked lime to

their food supply; besides keeping them

in the sunlight morning and evenings

and in a perfectly dry place, then perhaps

those that are living will recover. I sug-

gest that you give each of the sick hogs

a dose of either epsom salts or castor oil

to move their bowels freely. Also give

a few grains of salol. You failed to state

the, age of your pigs, consequently I am

unable to state the dose. From five to

ten grains at a dose is enough for a hog

that weighs from 125 to 200 pounds.

Scours ,in Calves—A year ago I bot a

heifer calf that was ten days old. I was

anxious to raise her and fed plenty

of milk fresh from cow; altho very cure—

ful in feeding, it soon brot on scours.

I made no change in the food supply for

three. weeks, then I g.1ve one quart of

fresh milk and three quarts of separator





milk warm, and whole oats for grain.

Kept her in stable all the time and fed

gi‘uss'and hay; with this feed she did

extra well until the 15th of September,

11:03, when she again began to scour. I

tried cutting down amount of grain and

milk, but no results. I took the milk

away entirely, and by changing grain

every two weeks all winter I kept her





in fairly good condition without scouring.

Early in May 1 turned her out on rye

pasture; was out some three weeks,

when she was then turned into a woods

pasture. She, has scoured very badly

ever since turned out and is growing

some, but not like other cattle and does

not gain in flesh at all. \Vill say she

has always hud plenty of salt, but has.

never been as bad as she is now. Can

you tell me where. the fault lies, and is

there any medicine that I could give her

that would help her and do you believe





she will recover? Also, do you believe

that a calf from her would inherit this

ailment? Any advice you can give me

will be thankfully received as she is a

pedigreed Shorihorn. R. B., Saranac,

Mich—«it is possible that you infected





the calf from lack of cleanliness in care

of feeding utensils when she was a calf,

this no doubt left the bowels a little

weak and sensitive; therefore she should

not be fed on as laxative food as a heifer

that is in a normal condition. Give her

1 oz. powdered sulfate iron, 2 drs. pow-

dered catechu and ] dr. creosote at a

dose dissolved in water and mixed with

feed two or three times a day and she

should be pastured on land that is ex-

posed to the sun. An animal of this

kind eating grass that grows in the shade

usually scours. Her produce may per-

haps inherit a slight predisposition to

looseness of bowels: however, I should





not hesitate to use her for breeding pur-

poses, if I were you.





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HE NEWTON REMEDY co. Toled -





'A 25c Box for 40





DR. FAIR'S NEW





Bough & Heave





REMEDY





If you buvenevet tried Dr. Fair'- New Cough

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box—12 doses. enough for 6 days' treatment.





30 Days’ Treatment ‘ii’yon‘li‘ii’ S I .00

on. ma vmmmv REMEDY comm. .6





on. w. c. FAIR. v. s.. w

5112-5114 Cam-gin Manna. Cleveland. Ohio. ,





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





 





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Deal with the actual manu-

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BOX 1061. BAINBIIIDGE. N. Y.





BREWER? DIRECTORY.

CATTLE. '





ABERDEEN-ANGUS.





Herd headed by UNDULATA BLACKBIRD

1T0 83836. one of the beat sons of PRINCE ITO

50006. and Grand Champion Bull at the Detroit

and Grand Rapids Fain of 1900 and 1908. Herd con-

sists of Erlcaa. Blackbirda, Prides. etc.

WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionlu. Mich.





' ' ' HICKORY GROVE STOCK

HolsleIn-Frmlans- mm... o... T....p..........

B. 1. Oak Grove. Lolv, 00., Michigan. Boll phone





nolsrtmrmrsmms~3.£°3.§::.”§ll.§:ll::





Royal King. W. B. JONES.OakGrove.R. No.3.Mlcb.





— [1 b 11 l I t d

WESTHNS 3.1:“: to“? mgnth: Xfi? éfefisfi 3:31.?

I. M. SHORMAN. Fowlervllle. Mlch.





TOP NOTCH HOLSTEINS.





Tap Notch registered young Holstein Bulls corn.

blnlng in themselves the blood of cows which now

hold and have in the past held World's Records for

milk and butter-fat at fair prices.



McPHERSON FARMS 00.. Howell. Mich.





BOIIIDMIII SIOGK FlllM, I



JACKSON. mm“. Holslem cattle.

Has more Imported Holsteln-Frlollnn Cows

than any farm In the Middle West. Registered

BULL CALVES of the most fashionable breeding. 30

fine, registered, Duroc J eruey sows due to furrow 50011.





—B

H E R E F0 R 05: soit§.i§.“li§’o°§3lffifif





China bogs. R. E. ALLEN. Paw Paw. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





norm. ,1... an





 





Sewn. John Barnu- a Son. Gangland”. Michigan.





Minsgon glam—mm cimr.





To 0 MA “on. BIY'OItIyMIGmII.

St. nmbem. YOIIIII





CHOICE JERSEYS. 5.5., o. “a... .1 m.- u...





CLARENCE BRISTOL. B. No. I. Futon. Mlch.





HEAVY MILK] NO SHORTHOBNS—Cnn were



A few females. Good notes good as cash.



J’. B. HUMMEL, Manon. Mich. (Citizen: Phone-l

which make





SPECIAL ..........





management to leave the State. the entire 0 nlp-

men: ofFranol-oo Farm must be sold. 80 nnd

Shorthorn cows and heifers, mostly Young Ph (Jim.

Young Marys and Lavinia: with two or three otch

crosses, and a high class herd of P. C. swine are In tho

ofl'orlng. Come and see them and you will beau! rlued

at the prices made. P. P. POPE. Mt. Pleasant. lcb.





HABTLAND. HIGH.

J. monoust stool FIRM, N, b“... ,,, ,,,,_





Have some choice cows and heifers at right prim.

SHEEP.

ERDENHEIM FARM





SHROPSHIRES





EDWIN s. GEORGE, Owner.





Rams and Ewe-s for Sale.

WRITE FOR PRICES T0





ROBERT GROVES. Shepherd.

ll. F. D. No. 3. Pontiac. Mich.





SIIIIIIPSIIIIIE IIALL STOCK HIIM.





Will make special prices for thirty days. on ewes

from 1 to 8 years old. all bred to Imported Cooper,

and Manuel! rams to lamb In March and April. also

on very choice ewe lambs, this in to make room for an

importation that is golng to arrive this spring.



L. S. DURHAM a; SONS. Concord. Mlchllan.





00 INTO SHEEP RAISING





Buy of Michigan’s Largest Breeder of good sheep.

Romoyn 0. Parsons. Grand Lodge, Mich.





COTSWOLDB .4: Lincoln Sheep, rams & rum lambs

ewes & ewe lambs of the Best Types. home and

L. R. Kuney. Adrian, Mlcn.. Phone 131.





 





 





 





 





Owing to condition;





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





imported.





AMBOUI LLET— Flock founded 1892 with 400w"

selected from one hundred registered cwu of the

beat breeding possible. J. Q. A. COOK.Mou-icc.Mlcb.





HOGS.





BERKSHIRES





A few bred sows left yet. but no tours. Spring pigs

of best families. Guernsey Cattle. Plymouth Rocks.

Pekln Ducks and M. B. Turkeys. _ U

FARM. Birmingham. Mlcn.. G. C. HUPP, Mgr.





ll . l

FOR SALE. 2.000 FIGS,

6 to 8 weeks old. at 82.50 to 88 each: any breed.

Will shl by exnrena and give your money’s worth.

UTILI ATION (30.. Grand Rnplds. Mich.





noggin IIIIIVIII BERKSHIBES.





CROFT FARM. Sldnuw. Mich.

{X FEW FALL GILTS bred for full furrowlng,

:-





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





also choice lot of spring pigs bred by Kin





K

emler. A. A; PATTULLO. Deckervllle. Mich.





 





BERKSHIRES’SPBING Pm”

. sired by sons of

Premier Longfellow and Masterpiece. the world's

champions. C. D. WOODBURY. Lansing, Mich.





DAMS BROS. IMPROVED CHESTER. WEITES,Litchtiold,Mloh .

won more premium: in '08 than any other herd in Kichlgnn.



Stock all age! for nlo. Prize winning W. ‘Ol'plnuton, W. Los-

horn and Bull Rock sun, 31 per 15. Shorlhorn bulll a heifer





IMPROVED CHESTER WHITESjfififlfy $31,335.“,





one full boar, also March Apr. furrow ready to ship.

W. 0. WILSON. Okemou. Mlcn. (Both Phones)





A n l t f l

IMPROVED BHESIEH WHIIES. p.g,‘3§.,‘,’,e;’,,¥j'.:§

rowed in March and April. Price 810. Satisfaction

guaranteed. Colon C. Lillie. Coopersvllle, Mich.





nunoc JERSEY SWlNE. that? 12.2%.. 1:.-

for 15. J. H. BANGHAR'I‘. Lansing, Mich.





—Nothlng for

Du r00 J C rseys sale at resent

CAREY U. EDMONDS. Huetlncl. lch.

DUROC Jersey of size and quality. 40 Boers ready





for service. 50 sows at Flu-men Prices. Satis-

faction Guaranteed. J. C. Barney. Goldwater. Mich





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





I. C.’s Boers &sows all sold. I have a fine lot of

. young pigs that will soon be ready to ship.

A. NEWMAN. Route No. 1, Mariette. Mich.



My herd is headed





0.1. C. SWINE. with a grandson of





Jackson Chief. the world’s Champion and Grand

Champion, the greatest 0. I. C. boar In the world.

He is also grandson of Tutesy, the world's Champion

sow. Pigs by him at live let live price.



A. J. GORDEN. R. No. 2. Dorr. Mich.





a —ALL AGES. Thirty sows bred

00 I. C S for spring furrow. Shipped

H. H. JUMP. Munlth. Mich.





 





 





on approval.





Boats ready for service. Spring pigs by

0- I. c. grandson of World’s Grand Champion.

Glonwood Stock Farm, Zoolnnd, Michigan, R. 6. Phone 9‘.





 





 





 





 





Northern Grown Jerseys.

ROYCROF'I'.‘ FARM. Sidnaw. Mlc .





 





ERSEY Bull Calf born Feb. 9. ’09, first calf of n

heifer whose dam gave 7344 lbs. of milk in ’08.

She’s Dani’s record 10,060 lbs. in 10% months.

THE MURRAY-WATERMAN 00.. Ann Arbor, Mich.





Lillie Farmstead Jerseys.

We have some splendid bull calves for sale from

one to six months old. They are from cows with

records of 300 to 425 pounds of butter last year.





 





 





fit for description and prices.

W eCOLON c. LILLIE. Coopersvllle. Mich.





EANLING Plgs and bred Sowa at bargain: to

quick buyers. from large-styled, prolific Poland-

Chlna sows. ROBERT NIVE, Pierson, Mich.





POLAHD-0Hlll8‘fii°i§’§.?%$§§ 33%.? “3.13

young sows bred; right prices. Write today.

L. W. Barnes & Son. Byron, (Sblnwnlsee Co.) Mich.





' N thin but spring

Po‘and’Chlnas- p123 get us' have

your order now. WOOD & SONS. Saline. Mleh.





LARGE EIIGLISII YORKSHIBES.





read for service $16.00; Gilt: bred for fall far.

3%?2090; gprlng pigs either sex. Satisfaction gun.

anteed. COLON C. LILLIE. Coopenvllle, Mich





Always mention the Michigan Farmer

when writing to advertisers.





 





 





 





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lllll mum nuns. warmtlmiam.





' MI! I mon in...

L "I fi'é'h’xéf ‘ “Hamil-M





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JULY .10, 190i).





 





YYYYVYVVYVVVVVYYVYVYY





. ..AAAAAA’AAAAAAAAAA AAAIAAI





-CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





SOUR CREAM FOR BUTTER-

' MAKING.





I have read, and have heard it said at

farmers’ meetings, that we should deliver

good sweet cream to the creameries.

Now there are creameries around here

that tell their patrons they prefer to have

it sour; that it does not hurt it for butter

and that it will test higher. Would like

to know what you think of the value of

such cream for making butter. I know

we get a better price when we have good

cream.



Eaton Co. JAMES MEAD.



Mr. Mead has opened an important

question which is the very foundation

for the improvement of Michigan cream-

ery butter. When the co-operative

creameries were first organized and the

patrons sent their whole milk to the fac-

tory every day, and it was skimmed at

the factory, the milk had to be sweet or

it could not be run thru the separators.

This enabled the creamery to have a.

good sweet product for butter and they

made a better quality of butter than they

do now. Of late years the hand separator

has come in fashion. The farmer skims

his milk at home and feeds sweet skim-

milk to his calves and pigs and delivers

the cream only to the factory.



Now, this latter system has a good

many advantages for the farmer. He has

his sweet Skim-milk to feed on the farm

and he doesn’t have to haul.the skim-

milk to the factory and back. He goes

with a very much lighter load and it is

not necessary for him to go quite as

often, certainly not in cold weather. But

that is just as far as the hand separator

is a benefit. It is a benefit to the farmer

in this way, but when it comes to mak-

ing his hand separator cream into but-

ter the farmer loses part of what he has

gained by the separation at home, simply

because he will not deliver his cream at

the factory in such condition that the

best quality of butter can be made.

\Vhen creamery men say that they had

just as soon have sour cream as sweet

cream they are not telling the truth, or

«lse they do not have a high-class trade

'for‘their product and are not getting the

highest market ”price man. The time

has come when a creamery cannot make

butter of old sour cream and get the

highest market price for it. When pat-

rons patronize that kind of a creamery

they can rest assured that they are not

getting as much, within 11,450 to 2c per

1b., for their butter-fat as they should

get, because the creamery cannot afford

to pay-it.



If farmers are willing to take 11/10 to

EC, perhaps 21/2c, less per lb. for their

butter-fat, for the privilege of delivering

their cream in a sour condition. of

course no one has any objection. That

is their business. But, on the other hand,

they must not expect a creamery to pay

as good a price for sour cream as it does

for sweet cream for it cannot do it. It

cannot sell its butter for as much money

and consequently fiannot afford to pay

its patrons as much for their butter-fat.

if a creamery wants a good market and

.1 good price for its butter, it cannot get

and hold such a market if it receives sour

cream. The cream must be sweet when

it is received by the creamery in order to

make gilt—edge butter. Of course, the

farmer gets an idea that because some

creameries make ripened cream butter,

the creamery sours the cream when it

gets it, and therefore it makes no par-

ticular difference if the cream is sour

when it comes to the factory. This is a

wrong idea. If the creamery makes

ripened cream butter it must certainly

have the cream so that it can ripen it

themselves and have control of it, and it‘

cannot afford to let the farmer ripen the

cream to a different degree of acidity,

some of it until it is rank, sour, stale

and bitter, and then make good butter.

This is absolutely impossible.

Discrimination Against Sour Cream Be-





comes Necessary. .

The Coopersville creamery received a.





contract to make butter for the U, 5,

Navy. Now, more than half of the pro-

duct received by the Coopersville cream-

ory is hand separator cream, The butter-

maker found, when he came to comply

h the requirements of this contract,

that a larger part of'this hand separator

cream could not be used at all—1t was

too sour. This product for the govern-

ment must be made out of sweet cream.

That is one of the specifications. No

cream is allowed to go into this. butter

which is so sour that 15 cubic centimeters





wit





' 15 centimeters of





of alkaline solution will not neutralize

cream. Now, the

creamery was simply up against a hard

proposition. It had taken a contract to

fill this order and so it was forced to

grade the cream and pay for it according

to quality. It simply bot another receiv-

ing vat, and all the cream that could not

go into the government contract was

dumped into this second-grade vat. The

creamery is now paying its patrons, for

good sweet cream, 1%c more than it pays

for sour cream. It uses a system of tags,

one blue in color, the other red. The

blue tag denotes sweet cream. The red

tag denotes sohr cream. Every can, as

it is received at the factory, is examined.

If it contains sweet cream, a blue tag

is tied to the handle; if sour cream, a red

tag is tied to the handle. Every patron

understands that when he gets a red tag

he gets 1%0 per lb. less for that batch

of cream than he would if the cream had

been sweet. The creamery proposes to

continue this system of grading after

the government contract is filled. It is

the only honest 'way, the only right way,

to buy butter-fat. The man who will

take good care of his cream ought to

receive more for it, because it is worth

more, and the man who is willing to take

less for it can deliver sour cream if he

wishes. Mr. Mead is right; we must have

better cream.





JUNE MEETING OF NORTH OTTAWA

COW-TESTING ASSOCIATION.





 





The June meeting of the Association

was held at the Coopersville residence of

Colon C. Lillie. It was called to order

by Pres. John M. Park, Jr., and after

the reading of the minutes of the previous

meeting, Mr. N. P. Hull, Master of the

State Grange and special inspector of the

Dairy and Food Department, talked on

the subject, “Cow-Testing \Vork in other

parts of the State.” Mr. Hull had just

visited all of these organizations with the

exception of the North Ottawa Associa-

tion. At the present time there are five

associations in actual operation in the

state~—the North Ottawa at Coopersville,

the South Ottawa at Forest Grove. one

at Brown City, one at Salem in VVash-

tenaw county, and the Fremontassocia-

tion. Mr. Hull reported all of the asso—

ciations in healthy condition. Members

of the Salem Association have had some

difficulty in getting together on the basis

of butter-fat. Many of the members

there sell their milk. Some sell it by the

hundred, others sell it on the basis of

butter-fat, and a number of others make

their own butter and sell it to private

customers in nearby cities, while still

others sell their milk to a co—operative

creamery. The association at Brown

City, and the one at Forest Grove

are in splendid condition. Mr. I’lull put

great stress on the work of the Fremont

Aissociation. He said this association

has been in existence long enough so that

one can judge the results, and Mr. liull

was familiar with the dairy conditions

about Fremont before the cow—testing

association was organized. He could not

say too much for the improvements that

have been made thru the influence of the

association. He said one would be sur-

prised, would hardly believe it, the im-

provement that had been made in barns

and dairy stables since this organization

was started. The same is true of cows;





they have a better class of cows, they

have been breeding up their herds. When





the cow testing association was first or-

ganized there was not a pure-bred sire

owned by a member of the association.

A year and a half after organization there

were 22 pure-bred sires owned by mem-

bers. The dairymen are bett r dairymen,

consequently better fitted for their work,

and so Mr. Hull puts down the great

benefit to be derived from the co-opera—

tivc cow-testing association as the in-

creased interest which the members take

in dairying, in their own business. And

this interest is not confined to members

of the association but extends to farmers

outside, and the consequence is that a.

cow-testing association benefits the whole

community.



Mr. Rabild reported that this same

condition exists in Denmark where cow-

testing associations have been in opera-

tion for 12 or 14 years. \viiile all the

dairy farmers there do not belong to cow-

testing associations, those who are not

members are influenced by those who

belong. -



The subject, “Cow-Testing Work in

other States and Countries,”was intro-

duced by Helmer Rabild, dairy expert of

the Department of Agriculture. In begin‘

ning his remarks, Mr. Rabild stated that





o





:T-HE MICHIGAN. FARMER.‘





he was very. glad to see so many farmers"

wives present. He took occasion to tell

that the idea of co—operative cow-testing

associations originated with a woman,

the wife of a Danish farmer, who first

conceived the idea, and it was due to

her fertile brain and her energy and per-

severance that the first eo-operative as-

sociation was formed. From this begin~

ning it spread to every community until

today Denmark has 521 eo-operative cow»

testing associations. When we remember

that Denmark is a. little country, only

about one-fourth the size of the state of

Michigan, we can realize how this idea

has taken root and grown and prospered

there. And no wonder, for thru the in~

fluence of co-operation in cow testing,

thru the influence of putting dairying on

a business basis and being able to tell

the profits of each cow, the Danish farmer

in the last 14 years has been able to

double the annual production of his cows.

The Danish farmer now does not confine

his effort to keeping records of his cows,

but the cow tester also keeps track of

the ration that is fed to the growing

heifers, to the dry cows, to the pigs and,

in fact, the cow tester on the Danish farm

now is a book—keeper who keeps a book

account with all the live stock, charging

them with what they eat and giving them

credit for what they produce, in growth

or from animal products, tells the farmer

just what he is making, suggests rations

where the stock is not paying as much

as it: ought to, and makes himself very

useful.

Different Kinds of Testing Associations.





Mr. Rabild explained that there are

different kinds of cow-testing associa-

tions. The kind we have in Michigan are





formed on what is known as the self~sup-

porting plan. Here the farmers pay the

entire cest of the association. They pay

pro rata according to the number of cows

which they have, and they pay sufficient

to rcmunerate the tester for his work. in

Denmark the government donates a small

amount to each cow—testing sssociation.

The dairy authorities of Canada conceived

the idea that it was not necessary for a

man to go from farm to farm in each

vicinity, and so they encouraged the

farmers of a community to send in, each

month, samples of their milk to be tested,

and also an estimate of the cost of keep-

ing the cows. Canada has

formed *some 96 associations of this sort.

'\\'isconsin took up this idea and organ—

ized 28 associations of this sort, but these

associations, Mr. Itabild said, had not

made any very great progress. The

farmers neglect to send in the samples.

XVlicn the busy time of year comes they

put this work off because they haven't

time, and this sort of an association is

no more reliable than individual testing

by the i‘aimers themselves. Practically,

it is individual testing. All there is to

it. they simply send the milk to be tested

to the experiment station, and some dairy

authority does the work for them. They

could just as well do the testing at home.





And. too, their estimation of the feed is

not so very accurate or reliable. \Vis~

cousin is now changing her associations





over to what they call the dollar, or the

self-supporting kind, where the farmers

hire a man to go from farm to farm and

do this work and keep the records. Mr.

ltabild, in his work for the government,

has succeeded in forming cow-testing

associations in a number of states and

these are all organized on the self—sup-

porting plan.‘ lie believes that the future

for these associations is very bright. It

takes some little time to awaken farm-

ers to the benefits to be .derived from

them, but the idea is sure to grow and

some day illc whole of this great country

will be covered with co-opcrative cow-

tosting associations.



After lunch quite a number of the mem-





bers visited Lillie Farmstead, inspected

the growing stock and the dairy herd,

also the stables. Many of them'were





very much interested in the operation of

the milking machine. Altho these milking

machines have been in operation now

about three years, some of them had

never seen milking machines in practical





operation before. The place and time

of the next meeting Was not fixed and

it is possible that the July meeting will

be a picnic in some centrally located

grove.





To get most out of cows in summer, one

should be constantly inspecting the pas-g

ture and noting its effect upon the COWS. ,

YVhen the cows will eat a feed of hay on

grain in the barn and relish it, it will

always pay to feed them, because it

shows beyond ,question that the pasture

is not supplying a full ration.





actually





:63: '25





 





The Sharples Dai

rotor made. The





removable, dividin





making parts usedi





 





 





 





 





West Chester, Pa.

Toronto, Can.

Winnipeg, Can.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

   





THE SHARPLES SEPARATOR CO.





in Plain Sight





Tubular Cream





Separator is the on y simple sepa-





only piece used





inside the bowl is the tiny, instantly





g wall shown in





plain sight on the thumb in thisre-

production from an actual photo-

graph. Other separator makers claim

their separators are simple, but they

take care not to show the many in-

side disks and other labor and repair





aside their bowls.





Because of their simplicity and supe-

rior construction. Tubulars are cleaned





in one tenth the

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R'HEUMATISM OR LEG WEAKNESS.

A Gratiot county reader asks for a.

remedy for hens that lose the use of their

legs. Otherwise the fowls appear healthy.

This may be due to rheumatism or it

may be the result of the system of feed<

ing. If the fowls have rheumatism the

joints of the legs will be apt to show

soft swellings which later on become

hardened. While the inquirer does not

say anything about the conditions under

which the hens have been kept, if their

quarters are damp, or if they have re-

cently been exposed to a cold rain or to

strong draughts after becoming wet, it

is reasonably certain that they have de-

veloped rheumatism. After placing them

where they will be free from dampness,

rub the swollen joints with carbolated

vaseline or camphorated sweet oil. Give

each fowl a 20-gr. dose of epsom salts

and the following day give bicarbonate

of soda in the drinking water, about 15

grs. to each pint of water. Also give

2 grs. salicylic acid twice daily.

. Should a knowledge of conditions and

a careful examination of the hens lead

'to the 'belief that the trouble is not rheu-

matism, then it is probable that they

suffer from leg weakness which has been

brot on by improper feeding. A ration

of corn or equally starchy food, to the

exclusion 'of foods strong in protein and

the mineral elements will have this effect

if long continued. Such lack of bone-

building material most frequently mani-

fests itself in growing fowls but is some-

times seen in matured ones. It may be

corrected by materially reducing the

starchy foods and supplying mineral mat-

ter in the form of bone meal; ground or

cut bone and the various forms of grit.

Also give plenty of protein in‘ the form

of beef scraps, skim-milk, etc. Cracked

beans or peas are also good protein foods.

When the hens are once more upon

their feet endeavor to feed a fairly well

balanced ration.





 





 





 





WITH THE GROWING

CHICKS. ‘





MID-SEASON





 





‘ .‘ Getting Them to Roast.

~Teaching the chicks to roost is often

a puzzle, particularly to beginners. Try

this method: Take a low box or a wide

board resting on a block or brick and put

it where the chicks are accustomed to

sleep. Have it large enough so that all

the chicks can get on it. After they are

accustomed to it, gradually raise it until

it is a foot.from the floor. Most of the

chicks will go on it. Any that do not

you should place on it night after night

until they will go of their own accord.

\Vhen all have learned to get upon the

box 01‘ board, take it away and put. at

the same height, roosts four or five inches

wide.



Here is another that sometimes works

Well: Put one or two peaceable old fowls

of either sex, or a few chickens that have

learned to roost, in with the lot you wish

to teach, wide roosts being furnished, not

too high from the ground. chhorns gen—

erally need no instruction, and mind

lots of chicks containing chhorns gen-

erally follow their example Very rapidly.

Don’t think, tho, that you can teach all

Chickens to roost. Some breeders of

Asiatics never allow their fowls to roost,

and when you have stock from such

fowls you are apt to find that some of the

chicks will never go to roost of their own

accord.

i; Separating the Sexes.



‘ A great deal is said of the necessity

for separating the sexes, some insisting

{but it Should be done as soon as sex

can be determined. In Asiatics it is not

often necessary until the chicks are pretty

well grown. In fowls of the Mediter-

ranean varieties separation must be made

quite early. In American varieties it de-

pends upon the stock and the stage of

development of the individual cockerels.

Frequently the removal of a few of thc

dockerels disposed to annOy the pullets

makes it possible to keep males and fe-

males peaceably together until well along

in the season. In many cases the separa-

tion can be made early as well as later,

the chicks being divided into small lots

:inyway, and it being just as easy to

séparate by sex.



" What is of much greater importance

than separation according to sex is as-

sortment according to size. Chickens dif-

fering in age. and size should never be

allowed in the same colony. Except in





V‘féry rare cases, when chicks of different





   





sizes are kept together the smaller ones

have to take a lot of roughing from the

others. Whenever any of the chicks in

a flock are seen to be suffering from this

sort of treatment they should be re-

moved.



No more than 25 should be allowed to

roost together. Colony houses, allowing

plenty of fresh air without drafts, large

enough to accommodate such Sized flocks

until three-fourths grown, should be pro-

vided and placed far enough apart to

prevent intermingling of flocks.



There is no trouble in keeping the cock-

erels in flocks of this size until fully

grown if care is taken that no female is

ever allowed to come in contact with

them. This would start a row at once

and battle would be on until every cock-

erel had fought (every other cockerel. The

writer once kept 25 S. C.-Brown Leghorn

cockerel in a flock until fully grown. They

were colonized in a distant pasture where

no females were ever encountered, and a.

more peaceable lot of males no one could

wish for. One male, by his superior tal—

ents, was the recognized leader and none

of the others ever questioned his title by

trying his bill and spurs upon his chief.

A cockerel that has become injured in

any way to the extent of shedding blood

must be removed promptly as the sight

of blood often arouses their lust for battle

and a single drop of blood may throw the

whole flock into arms.



It is a good plan to keep the pullcts

that have been colonized together in the

same flocks when removing them to their

winter quarters. Females are quick to

show their aversion and contempt for

strangers, and quarrels more or less dis-

astrous may ensue. So keep the families

together as much as possible.



N. H. A. G. SYMONDS.





THE BREEDING STOCK DURING HOT

WEATHER.





 





During the summer months the careful

poultryman gives close attention to the

fowls that are to be reserved for the next

year’s breeding. It is very important

that they be given good care after the

breeding season is passed, that they may

have their vitality unimpaired. Success

in poultry raising depends to a great ex—

tent, upon properly performing all the

duties that arise, both large and small,

not at one season of the year when en—

thusiasm is highest, but all the time.



The thing that must be considered at all

times is the vitality of the breeders. This

is the very foundation of successful poul-

try raising, for without good healthy

breeders it is impossible to have healthy

chicks. The chicks must come from

strong, healthy parent stockmand by care-

ful selection of vigorous fowls a strain of

chickens having strong constitutions can,

within a few years. be established.



After the hatching season I give the

breeders a thoro rest. As their energy is

thus conserved they are in good condi—

tion for next season. Separate the male

birds from the hens and give both special

care. You should not expect eggs from the

breeding hens now, but feed them with

a view to hastening the moult.



“Men the breeding pens are broken up

all surplus stock and those fowls which

have not proven of the first grade should

be disposed of. This culling will give

the others more room, and consequently

they will do better.



'VVhen culling the flock do the work In

a thoro manner. I have found that one





strictly first-class fowl is worth half a

dozen of medium grade. This may seem

strange to the mongrel breeder. How-





ever, it is true and when you once try

the best you will agree with me.



When disposing of stock do it in a

business-like manner. Separate the best

members from the rest of the flock, and

if you have some good ones for sale let

people know about it. If, however, you

are breeding mongrels you can take them

to the poultry buyer and get whatever

he is willing to pay for such fowls, which

is not very much, usually. All fowls

that are not suitable for the fancy trade

should be fattcued and sent to market.

In culling the old stock now the poultry

man will doubtless find some which were

fine specimens last year but would now

be disqualified. The two-year-old- hcn

which does not develop any disqualifica-





tion is a very 'aluable specimen and

should be retained for another year.

Right here is where breeders often





make a mistake, and that is in disposing

of all the old fowls and relying entirely

upon the pullets. I think that there is

no more certain way to deteriorate a flock

than by this continued practice. The

young fowls are of uncertain quality and

may fail to reach an early maturity. I





THE MICHIGXNFARMER





.more than one





do» not wish, hOWGVer. ' to be understood

as saying that you should not use pullets

as breeding stock at all. I think a good

plan is to mate the older hens with good

well-developed healthy cockerels, and the

pullets with the older male birds.

Illinois. R. B. BUSHING.





 





REMOVES GAPE WORMS WITH

HORSE HAIR.





 





The best method for treating gapes in

chickens, in my experience, is this: Fold

once, and twist, a hair taken from mane

or tail of a horse. Thrust this into the

round opening seen in the throat of the

chick when the mouth is opened wide.

Turn hair about in windpipe and you

will very probably remove the cause of

the trouble—a fine blood-red worm an

inch or more in length. If you are not

successful at the first trial, several at-

tempts may be necessary to bring the

right result. The chick will be very much

exhausted for some time after, but unless

the trouble is too far advanced it will

entirely recover within the next hour.



Jackson Co. D. S.





WHY SWARMS WON’T STAY HIVED.





 





It is very exasperating, to say the

least, to be troubled with swarms refus-

ing to stay hived. Also it is a loss to

have swarms leave, as they will do when

coming out the second time after having

been hived with the queen.



As with other bee difficulties, there is

reason for swarms ab"

sconding. Those that I know of I will

attempt to explain.



A common reason for swarms returning

after having been hived is that a queen is

not with them. But a swarm without

a queen is not natural and it can not be

expected to stay hived.



If a swarm is placed in a hive in which

bees have died from dysentery during the

winter it may come out again. This is

because such an ill—smelling home is not

congenial, They abscond in the hope of

finding sweeter quarters. Such hives

must be cleaned thoroly; but that is an-

other story.



I think that more first swarms refuse

to stay because of hives being too not

than from any other cause. That they

may be handy, empty hives fixed for the

reception of swarms are generally stacked

up out of doors. The sun shining on

them makes them almost like an oven

inside. Out comes a swarm and it is

hived in one of those heated hives. Now,

a swarm is in a hot, feverish, condition,

and putting it into a hot hive simply

makes conditions unbearable. The bees

come out again and, unless the queen‘s

'wing is clipped, they generally leave for

the woods. Onc‘s profits take wings and

fly into a hollow tree.



The. remedy, of course, is to keep the

hives cool. Better keep the hives under

cover. If you do want a few outside for

handincss, stack them up in the shade,

and shove the covers off a little so the

air can circulate thru them. Besides, if

the swarm is a big one or the weather

hot, put a piece of section under the

cover so the air can circulate thru after

the swarm is hived. Of course, the open-

ing must not be large enough for bccs to

come thru.



Sometimes swarms will come out after

having been hIVcd for several days. I

don’t always know why, but they will do

this if the days following their hiving are

non-nectar secreting, or, in other words,

if there is no honey to be gathered. You

see the bees soon use up the honey they

have taken with them, and if none is to

be had from the fields they face a famine

with no honey in their newly established

home. Of course, they can not better

their conditions by absconding to a hol-

low tree if the flowers do not commence

to secrete nectar again. I suppose, how-

ever, that they entertain the idea that

they can, or else in their discouragement

they know not what else. to do.



One poor season I had many hived

swarms leave their hives. After I lcarnei

the reason, I fed for the first few days.

This helped. After the swarms were well

started at home—making they seemed to

be able to find enough to make them con-

tented,



Sometimes a swarm will refuse to stay

hived and I fail to find any good reason

for this ill behavior, unless it is that

1km simply want to act spunky. Such

I set into a dark cellar 24 hours or

longer. When taking them out don’t put

them on their old stand but give a new

location and generally everything will be

well.





Wisconsin. F. A. S.





 

 

 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





A [raid

0

Ghosts





Many people are afraid of ghosts. Few

people are afraid of germs. Yet the ghost

Is a fancy and the germ Is a fact. If the

germ could be magnified to a size equal

to its terrors It would 'appear more terri-

ble than any fire-breathing dragon. Germs

can't be avoided. They are In the air we

breathe, the water we drink.





The germ can only prosper when the

condition of the system gives It free

scope to establlsh Itself and develop.

When there is a deficiency of vital force,

Ianguor, restlessness, a sallow cheek, a

hollow eye, when the appetite Is poor and

the sleep ls broken, it Is time to guard

against the germ. You can fortify the

body against all germs by the use of Dr.

Pierce’s Golden Medical Discovery. Itin-

creases the vital power, cleanses the sys-

tem of clogging Impurities, enriches the

blood, puts the stomach and organs of

digestion and nutrltion In working condi-

tion, so that the germ finds no weak or

tainted spot in which to breed. “Golden

Medical Discovery" contains no alcohol,

whisky or habit-forming drugs. All Its

ingredients printed on its outside wrapper.

It is not a secret nostrum but a medlclne

0F KNOWN COMPOSITION and with a

record of 40 YEARS OF CURES. Accept

no substitute—there is nothing “Just as

good." Ask your neighbors.





This Scale on Approval





I want every man who mm a. farm .___

principles to let me tell him why | fii

P

Ir .

e a!!!“

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scale and why my forty-four yours





 





 





- on business

ho' need- 5

experience in

trill " freight

.3“. 1‘ $0

them tool





hams Pluses





   

 





ulllng to the conlumor on n free

paid plnn which I originated mnkel

buy from. I have recently invented





 

 

   

 





 





 





Wogon Scale which I sell at A

than any other reliable pitlau Icnle.

approval. No money asked before snt- \ ~

shown. New compound beam Ind

free. Introductory discount on first Scale.

on approval and free prioo list.





'JONES lle Pays The Frelght" a D St, BINGEAMTON. N. v.





lower price

I send it on

infection to

beam box

Lot me’lend Scale





 





 





 





' fromprize winnln it A. ll -

Whit. wyandOHe Eggslng stock 01.50 pegls or 0£§0

per 30 eggs. A. Franklln Smith. Ann Arbor, Mich.





 





FGGS reduced to 01 per 15 In June. B. Rocks. R. I.

J Reds. White, Sliver. Golden Wynndottes. all var-I-

etles Leghorna. Indian Runner Muscovn. Cnyugn.Pe-

kin Ducks, 01 per 13. E. J. Hashim. Plttsford. Mlch.





—E for batch-

Barrad Plymouth flocks aimless“...

31:26 for $1.50; 50 for $2.50: 84 per hundred. Sntlsfnc-

tlon guaranteed. Colon C. Llllle, Coopersvllle. Mlch.





EGG S —LIght Brahma. White W mdotte and

B P. Rocks 01 a setting, 1.50 for two

settings. E. D. BISHOP. Route 88. Lake Odessn.Mlch.





—Egza. 01 15:

II. c. and S. c. Ilhodn Island Red .5 W. 10.39;“.

per 50. BUELL BROS" Ann Arbor, Mich.





 





 





 





 





BLACK Minor-ca eggs at 01.50 per settln

S. C. 15. P. C. Plgs slngly or In pairs of the gag:

R. We MILLS, Saline. Micho.





ILVER LACED GOLDEN and White W

S and Barred Plymouth Rocks. E gs gigfigitig

02.50 for 30. C. W. BROWNING.





breeding.





onlnnd. Mich





 





We hate

8- 0. Brown Leghorns. a... m 3‘33.” 2:”;

July. Our best eggs .5 per 100; 31 p" 15_ Semi for CI:-

oulnr, best flock In Mich. Fred Mott. Lansing, Mlch.





SINGLE 00MB IIIIITE LEEIIIIIIIISTEM wrench-



, _ _ 8. Price. 15 for

:1. 26 for “.50. 50 for $2.50. .4 per hundred. Satisfac-

UOD guaranteed. Colon C. Lillie, Coopersvllle, Mich.





 





 





DOGS.





AND WOLF HOUNDS





of the best Engllsh strnlns In Amer!-

03; 40 years experience In brooding

these fine bounds for my own sport:

I now offer them for sole.





Bend-tn- form

1.3. uuosmu, tum. human Io.





RAINED FOX HOUR ‘

T for hunting fox and wommzdoofiga‘g'gc at





FOX





 

 





[





A)?»





 





 





 





Inclose 2c stamp. W. I. Leaky. Holmes'vme. Ohio.
“A -.—.- <awflm—





 





.l‘ULY 10. 1909.,

/-""





VVvVYTVYVYYVYVYY





" HQB'EEULIHBE?





IT PAYS T0 THIN FRUIT.





\vvvvvvvv





 





 





 





 





 





The years when the trees particularly

need thinning are those when all varie—

ties are hearing, as then the prices of

ordinary fruit will be low, but there is

always a demand for fancy fruit at good

prices, and the removal of one-half or

two-thirds of the fruit on a tree will not

only double the size of the remainder,

but, by changing it fwm No. 2 to No. l,

or fancy, raise the value proportionately.



Many persons are afraid of thin fruit,

fearing that after the thinning has been

done, more may drop from other causes.

It is true that what is known as the

“June drop” often removes a large part

of the crop, but these as a rule, are fruits

that have been attacked by scab, cur-

culio, codling moth, or other fungi or in-

sects, all of which can be controlled by

proper spraying. Really this need not be

seriously considered as the thinning

should not be done until the drop is over.

As 3. rule, the surplus fruits should .be

removed before the seeds or pits begin to

harden. For apples, pears and peaches

this would be when they are about the

size of a hickory nut.



How Much to Thin—Just how many

fruits should be left upon a tree will de-

pend upon the variety, as well as on the

size and condition of the tree. The peach

and pear are especially benefited by thin-

ning, and peaches should not be closer

than four inches on the branches, while

if the variety is a large one and the fruit

is well distributed thru a rather thick

head, it willbe better if they are six or

eight inches, or even further apart. In

most cases there should be only one pear

upon a fruit spur, and it will also pay

well to thin the fruit on apple trees when

there are several in a cluster. If the large

varieties of plums are thinned so that

the fruits will not touch, it will lessen the

injury from brown rot.



Benefits from Thinning—In addition to

increasing- the size and quality of the

fruit and thus enhancing its value, the

thinning of fruit has other advantages.

It pimp saves the trees from serious ,in-

jury by preventing the breaking down

of the overladen branches and tends to

make them more regular in bearing.

Thcre are many varieties which will pro-

«lure a full crop one year and, as the full

vigor of the trees is used in developing

the crop, they are not able to form fruit

hurls for a crop the next season; hence

they lr‘come known as “odd—year” heur-

ers. This can to a large extent be

changed by the removal of a portion of

the fruit as, altho the crop may be just

as large in bushels, the increase is largely

in water, and it is the development of the

seeds and pits that saps the vitality of

the trees.



Thinning Makes Picking Easier.—Many

fail to thin their trees because they con-~

sider it a serious task. They should un-

derstand that the fruit will have to be

picked at some time and it certainly is

no more work to pick off one—half when

partly grown and drop them on the ground

and then pick the other half when ripe,

than it is to pick all of the fruit when

ripe and carefully place it in baskets.

The former method permits of a part of

the work being done at a time when .work

is slat-k, while the other puts it all in

the rush of the harvest season.



Thinning by Pi‘uning.~—Tlie labor of

thinning fruit trees can be considerably

lessened if the trees are pruned with the

idea of removing a portion of the fruit

buds. This method is particularly helpful

in the case of peaches and plums, while

with apples and pears, altho heading back

«an be practiced to advantage with young

trees, the pruning for the purpose of thin-

ning the fruit should be in the way of

Opening up the heads.





Agrl. College, Mich. L. R. TAFT.





 





MIDDLE TO LATE JULY IN THE

GARDEN.





 





From July 18 to 25 is practically the

jumping off place in so far as farther

sending or planting out is concerned.

Aside. from turnips, which will in most

places do well up to August 1,. the kohl

rabi is about the only vegetable that can

he sown now with chances of success.

This vegetable, in nature midway be-

tween the cabbage and turnip, is not half

so widely cultivated as its real merits

deserve. The edible portion is a turnip-

shaped enlargement of the stem and when

grown quickly and used before growing





too large is delicious as to flavor, re-

sembling bbth the cabbage and turnip.

It will not grow well in hot weather as it

becomes tough and stringy, so its best

seasons of growth are early spring and

autumn. It is worth a. place in every

home garden and as its culture is easy,

the same as the turnip, it ought to come

into far more general use. The Early

White and Early Purple Vienna are quick

growing sorts and grown in rich soil

under good culture they make a valuable

addition to the table supply. Sow in

drills sixteen inches apart and thin to

six inches in the row. They are well

worth a trial; but should not be allowed

to grow too large before cutting.



The general work just at this time, of

course, is chiefly in the care of the al-

ready growing crops, and careful watch-

ing now will indicate where many of the

vegetables may be pulled “out of a hole”

and brot thru to profitable maturing. If

the plants begin to look sickly and lan-

guish for lack of moisture seewhat a good

mulching of litter or a dust blanket made

by the fine cultivators will do. A good

dressing of nitrate of soda or salt and

wood ashes worked into the soil around

the plants will often give them a new

lease of life. If the bean crop begins to

Show traces of rust or ant'hracnose, spray

with Bordeaux mixture or nitrate of soda

solution an ounce or a little more to the

gallon of water.



The insect pests will be out in full force.

now and lead us a merry chase from this

out. The cabbages will stand Paris green

all right up to one—fourth or more grown

and then it is safer to abandon it and de-

pend upon other remedies for the worms.

Salt and ashes in liberal quantities will

not only be safe but really beneficial.

The squash bugs and cucumber beetles

will also be in evidence and the former

will require kerosene emulsion or they

may be trapped with shingles or boards.

Bordeaux mixture well supplemented with

the arsenites, will be most effectual for

the cucumber beetles; but road dust or

wood ashes well tinctured with kerosene

oil will perhaps be as effectual, and less

objectionable on account of the poison.

Cut worms are also becoming a nuisance

at this season of the year and do no end

of damage. A very convenient way to

handle them is to take Paris green one

part, brown sugar three parts and coarse

middlings five or six parts. Well mixed

and placed in small piles near the plants

offers them a tid-bit that they relish

highly but they do not thrive well upon

such diet and are easily gotten rid of.

W'ith all the above looming up just ahead

we need have little fear of getting out

of a job.



Wayne Co.





J. E. MORSE.





ANTS 0N FRUIT TREES.





 





Can you give me some remedy for ex-

terminating ant nests? They are de-

stroying my trees.



Genesee Co. F. WHITMORE.



These trees are in all probability not

suffering from the presence of ants. If

a closer examination is made plant lice

will likely be found on the trees, either

on the foliage or on the roots.‘ The ants

enjoy the honeydew secreted by the lice.

The presence of the ants is a pretty good

indication that the lice are about, es-

pecially when the ants are industrious

among the small branches of the trees.

The ants are known to favor the lice,

pt-rsumably for the purpose of getting

more of the honeydew in return for the

favors. In this regard the ants often

carry the lice from one part of the tree,

or from one plant to another in order

to give the latter better feeding grounds.





These lice do damage to the foliage and

disturb the functions of the roots of the

trees when in any considerable numbers.

It is because of one species of them that

the attempts to grow the European grape

in the eastern part of the country has

always proved a failure. The Phyllxera

was an important element in the early

industry of the country, and it was not

until men began to use the roots of the

native varieties which were self resisting

against the attacks of the pest, that suc-

cess was attained. The lice may be con-

trolled by using a spray of kerosene emul-

sion, or a decoction of quassia, or to-

bacco. Strong soap suds, or whale oil

soap and hot water are also used for

the purpose. If the roots are attacked

then tobacco can be applied to the soil

about the base of the trees.



The ants may be destroyed by pouring

boiling water upon the nests. Saturating

with kerosene will also kill them. Should

the nest be out in the field, thoro culti-

vation will generally destroy the insects

or cause them to move their home.





,‘THE 'MIc-‘HIGAN FARMER.





LATE GARDENING SUGGESTIONS.



Early July is a, busy time in the garden

and every day’s work counts. The extra

early vegetables are out of the way and

the ground must be prepared for Some

late crop. The second earlies are just

coming on, and the main crops require

constant cultivation to keep them going.



Tomato plants respond quickly to hoe:

and cultivator, and a. few days gained in

time of ripening means dollars in the

pocket of the gardener. Run the culti-

vator thru both ways then hoe the plants.

Keep it up until they are too large to

cultivate. My plan of plowing the garden

is to start at one side and keep going

until everything has been plowed. Then

the crops needing hoeing are commenced

on at once. It is a waste of time to plow

one crop, then go about some other work,

and later in the day plow something

else. I am speaking, of course, of those

whose acreage is not large. Make it a.

point to plow everything once a week or

as nearly so as the weather will permit.



If the cucumber and melon vines

haven’t begun to run too much give them

another stirring. My early cukes are

bearing now." The striped beetle played

havoc with a few cucumber vines and

bush squash before I got busy with the

sprayer. No remedy we have ever tried

has been entirely successful. Arsenate

of lead comes as near as any and has

pretty effectually driven them out. I use

one pound of the paste in fifteen gallons

of water.



The squash is quite a profitable garden

crop if one is near a large town. I find

the Mammoth White Bush the most prof-

itable summer variety. Golden Summer

Crookneck also sells wcll. To secure the

largest returns from Hubbard squash one

must have a dry storage room, cool, but

not cold. If you can keep them until

along toward the last of winter the prices

are highest and overbalance any shrink-

age in weight. This shrinkage will be

considerable and some decay may also be

counted on, but with proper storage menu

the loss is small.



I used to have considerable trouble

with my late cabbage. The heads having

matured would stop growing, then a wet

spell of weather would start them to

growing again and the heads would burst

open. Now I wait until the tenth of July

before setting out the plants and have no

bursted heads. Late cabbage will stand

close planting on heavily manured ground.





Just as soon as the second early crops

are off the ground plow it up, narrow

well and be ready to take advantage of

the first shower to sow turnip seed.

Cover with a light drag, then roll lightly.

If your turnips have been troubled with

club root try a light application of lime

to the soil.



A crop that I always depend upon for

handsome returns is lima beans. This

year I have only six hundred hills but

they are good for sixty to a hundred dol-

lars, depending upon the. weather. The

ground was heavily manured, thcn plowed

deeply, harrowed three times and

dragged. \Vith plenty of rain I should

have a yield of a quart of shelled beans

per hill. The retail price is twenty to

thirty cents. Even at the wholesale

price and with a yield of a pint per hill,

limas are a paying crop.



Ohio. N. S. GREEN.





 





PATRONIZE RELIABLE NURSERIES.





 





I have received numerous reports that

irresponsible parties are. imposing upon

the public by selling nursery stock that

is either untrue to name, or worthless

for other reasons.



I understand that one or more agents

claiming to represent. the “New York

Nurseries, Rochester, N. Y.", and at other

points posing as agents for “J. B. Stock-

well, proprietor of the New York Nur-

series, Rochester, N. Y.”, have been tak-

ing orders for nursery stook. Not only

is there no such firm at Rochester, N.

Y., but the. New York inspector of nur-

series has no knowledge of a firm of that

name in the state. Furthermore, the

Michigan law requires a license of all

nurseries selling stock in this state and

no firm of that name has applied for a

license.



It is also reported that the stock fur-

nished is utterly worthless. Any person

having knowledge of agents soliciting

orders for the “New York Nurseries,” or

“J. B. Stockwell & Co., Rochester, N.

Y.”, is urged to report the fact at once‘

to the undersigned, giving the name of

the agent and any other facts regarding

the matter. L. R. TAFT.



State Inspector of Nurseries





» . m 27

BLADDER TROUBLES NEED





 





work is required of your kidneys and

bladder or of how much importance

they are. Do you know that on these

important organs hinges good health?

Many an apparently strong, healthy

man or woman has been stricken with-





out notice by serious kidney and blad?





der disease only to realize too late

what might have been prevented with

proper care and attention.



Some of the early symptoms of weak

kidneys and bladder are lumbago, rheu-

matism, catarrh of the bladder, pain

or dull ache in the back, joints or mus-

cles, at times have headache or indi—

gestion, dizziness, you may have a sal-

low complexion, puffy or dark circles

under the eyes, sometimes feel as the

you had heart trouble, may have plenty

of ambition but no strength. get weak

and waste away.



If you find you have some of the

symptoms mentioned, you need then a.

remedy that will reach the seat of the

disease and at the same time build up

the system generally.



Such a remedy is Swamp-Root, the

great kidney, liver and bladder reme-





 





dy. In thousands of cases it has ac—

('omplished just the work you need

performed now.





Sample Bottle of Swamp-Root Free by Mail.

Send to Dr. Kilmer & Co., Bingham-

ton, N. Y., for a sample bottle. It will

convince anyone. You will also receive

a booklet of valuable information, tell-

ing all about the kidneys and bladder.

When writing, be sure and mention the





Detroit Michigan Farmer. For sale at »





all drug stores. Price fifty cents and one

dollar.





 





 





 





.4...”





 





‘A





I O‘ _ ,> - - l V . ‘ '7 I .

D f'



0 you want a me



.



farm for little money

—-u farm that is bigger than you can afl‘ord to

Own where you live now?

——a farm that will grow bigger crops than you

can grow on your present farm?

—a farm that will make you a. good living and

leave you some profit besides?

—-a farm that will grow more valuable each year!

You can get such a farm





in the Southwest





along the Cotton Belt . Route in Southeast

Missouri, Arkansas. Louisxana and Texas.

Some of the finest. land in the Southwest lies

along this line. It. can be bought on easy terms

for $5 to $25 an acre.

The low rates offered by the Cotton Belt. each

month would make a. trip of investigation very

cheap and profitable.

Do you want to know more about

this land? Send two cents in

stamps for postage on beautifully

illustrated books about this great

country. It will pay you to read

them. Write today.



E. W. LaBEAUME,

Gen. Pass. and Ticket Agent,





1554 Plus! Bldg" SI. tonic. Io.





 





 





ROYAL





Hydrated or Crushed





AGRICULTURAL lIME





is the strongest Lime in Ohio, and greatly



benefits the soil. Same is put up in pack-



ages easy to handle. It is ready for the drill.



Experimental Station: advocate its use.



Write or wire us for prices for fall seeding.

Made only by





SOIOTO LIME & STONE 00.. Delaware. 0.





CIDER





MACHINERY





Power presses, pumps, etc .—-the

most. satisfactory and groin- .‘

able. Used bylargestma era. -_ . 3 .

Tu: Down a Banana



' Puss: ea. "





 

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





and Orchards.





 





m Waterst.,81raouso, m. " ‘ a .. .





FARMER’S WATERPROO





—OB—





PLAIN CANVAS COVERS





for Stacks, Implements, etc. Hay Cnps.Plsnt



Bed Cloth, rents, etc. Circulars, Samples. .

HENRY DERBY,



49 Warren St” New York.





CRATE S VINTILATED 313533311.

0 CRATEB.wrlte for free Book

et and prices. J. E. Murphy, Box 99, Burcoon. 0





 





 





PROMPT ATTENTION;





Perhaps you don't know how much





gay—ewe. .
,s

,_

ll





l

l

i

i:

l

i

l





 





l

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l





28“!" m- .- '





fThe Mich-i an Farmer





BSTABLIS BD 1843.





THE LAWRENCE PUBLISHING ‘C0.,





muons All!) rromrrors.

39 to “Ce-urea Street West. Moi. “can.

TELEPHONE MAIN 4525.





Now Your OFFICE—725 Temple Court Building.

Cnrcnoo Ornc-n—lm l‘lrst Nnt'i Bank Bulldln .

Cuvnmn OII‘ICl—IOII-lOl‘ Oregon Ave.. N.





 





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COPYRIGHT l908.

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Detroit, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





DETROIT. JULY 10. I909.





 





 





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





YVhile the Celebra-

tion of the National

Holiday was attended

this year with numbers of casualties and

fatalities, yet this toll of patriotism is

probably on the decrease, as the method

of celebrating the fourth is undoubtedly

undergoing a change. The old public

celebrations, with patriotic speeches and

booming cannon, has gradually given

place to a saner and safer method of

celebrating, in which the family party,

the neighborhood picnic or the quiet trip

play a, common part. \thre the com-

munity celebration is made a feature of

the day, the great national game of base

ball has succeeded in a large measure

the more crude sports which were for—

merly indulged in so generally on that

day. Fireworks are, enjoyed now as ever,

but they are often made a feature of the

family party on a small Scale and are

enjoyed at home more generally than

ever before, where the town celebrations

are not patronized by the farmer and his

family. There is no doubt that a greater

and more general enjoyment is derived

from the holiday under the new order of

things, and the lesson of patriotism

which it holds for the young is probably

as great as under the old and time-hon-

ored plan of celebrating the “Glorious

Fourth.” There is, perhaps, no room to

doubt that the influence of the modern

method of celebrating the anniversary of

our independence is just as productive of

the true patriotic spirit in our youth, and

far better for them in every way than

would be the case if they were subjected

to tiresome preachments or loosed from

all restraint in their demonstrations.





How we Celebrate.





In an address deliv-

Fire Losses and ered before the Mich-

the Farmer. igan ‘Ianufacturers’

Association last week,

State Commissioner of Insurance, James

V. Barry, took as his subject, “The Fire

W’aste,” and presented some figures and

comparisons that were startling in their

bearing upon this problem in Michigan.

In answering the question, “What is the

extent of our fire waste?" Mr. Barry

gave the following figures for 1908:





Fire losses in the United States, other

than forest fires, amounted to $215,000,-

000: cost of maintenance of fire depart-

ments, $49,000,000; for water for fire pro—

tection, aside from domestic purposes,





$29,000,000; for private. fire protection

equipment, $18,000,000; insurance premi-

ums, in excess of the losses by fire,

$446,000,000; total fire cost for .the year

1908, 457,000,000.



“The American Bankers' Association

recently quoted figures showing that the‘

combined assets of all the state and

national banks, building and loan asso-

ciations and accumulations of life insur-

ance companies, amounts to the enor-

mous sum of $9,500,000.000," Mr. Barry

continued. But on the face of the

figures of the National Board of Fire

Underwriters, I point out to you that it

needs the equivalent of that gigantic

[sum of capital to provide annual funds

sufficient at 5 per cent interest to pay

the fire loss of this nation.



“The excess of the fire waste in the

United States over the six most import-

ant countries of continental Europe com-

bined is more than the cost of maintain-

ing the entire German army for a year.



“Practically nothing is being done to

prevent our great waste by fire. We

have fire departments, it is true. But

they only control after the fire is once

started. They do not prevent.



“The average annual per capita fire

loss of the six most important countries

of Europe was 33 cents, the average in

the United States for the year 1907

being $3.02.”



Apparently Mr. Barry believes that the

state should assume a large part of the

responsibility for this condition of affairs,

and that it should discharge its obliga-

tion in the matter by adopting both pre-

ventive and curative measures. He says:



“One of the greatest obligations of the

state is to exercise its authority thru its

legislature and its municipalities to set

in motion every agency that will con-

tribute in any appreciable degree to the

prevention of fire.



“The state can do much to control the

situation by creating and maintaining





- an efficient department for the investiga-





tion of all fires, and having discovered

the cause thereof, to prevent thru pub-

licity, punishment and correction of con-

ditions, other fires from like causes.



“The fire insurance companies have

paid in Michigan in the last five years

$14,809,000 to sufferers by fire. Inasmuch

as statistics show that only 57 per cent

of all losses are covered by insurance,

it would appear that actual loss sus-

tained by citizens of this state during

the brief period mentioned, was $26,-

000,000.”



These figures will afford a profitable

comparison to the reader, since in their

relation to fire losses the farmers of

Michigan are in a class by themselves,

since for the most part their property

is insured in mutual companies under

their own management and in which the

loss is assessed pro rata with a minimum

of expense for administration. Many of

these companies, however, found that the

per capita loss. was creeping up from

year to year after they had been doing

business for a number of years, and it

was found necessary to have a readjust-

ment of risks in some of them as a means

of keeping the losses within bounds.

This plan is now quite general among,

this class of companies, most of them

providing for an inspection of the risks

every five years and a readjustment or





values where the same is considered

necessary.

That there are some serious fire





wastes in this class of risks, however,

cannot be denied by any observing per-

son. The loss from lightning is very

large with this class of property, largely

because of its wide distribution, the. lack

of the natural protection which is found

in urban construction and environments,

and the inflammable nature of the coin

tents which greatly increase the aggregate

of total losses from this source. That

this is a fire waste that can be largely

avoided is proven by the statistics of

insurance companies which show a very

small proportion of IOSSL‘S from lighting

where buildings are properly rodded as

a protection from this danger. With a

general awakening on this subject there

will be an increasing demand for the

segregation of the risks which are so

protected, into a class by themselves,

when the contrast in the proportionate

loss will be so striking as to cause a far

more general protection of farm buildings

from the danger of fire and damage by

lightning. That such action will go far

to eliminate one of the greatest fire

wastes which now exists in rural com-

munities seems to be clearly demonstrat-

ed by modern science and emphasized by

reliable statistics.



Probably next in rank as a cause of

fire losses in rural communities would

come defective chimneys and improper

protection where stove pipes pass thru

floors and partitions. Most of the com-

panies provide for an inspection of these

details at the time the property is in~

surcd. but in many instances this inspec-

tion is inadequate and often needed re-

pairs or changes in construction are not

made when ordered. But with the gen-

eral control over the size of the risk

which is assumed by most of these com-

panies the property owuer becomes the





 





' THEMmHIGANF





 





 





greater loser from fire: which occur from

any cause, and must suffer more than





his fellow policy holders from ‘ fires

originating from this as weu as other

sources, which tends to reduce the aver-

age number of losses from this séurce.





,‘A factor which will still further reduce





the'proportion 01? rural fire' losses from

this source is the installation of modern

heating plants in the farm ‘homes of the

state, which is largely on the increase

as the increasing prosperity of the farm

home owners will permit.



Other contributory causes of fires in

rural communities are too numerous for

individual comment. Many of them are

due to a preventible carelessness or neg-

ligence,-and some, of course, are due to

unavo‘idable accident, augmented, per-

haps, by a total lack of equipment with

which an incipient blaze might have been

extinguished. Some of both will continue

to occurhbut generally speaking this is

one economic movement in which the

farmers as a class are ahead of the

times, in comparison with their city con-

temporaries, and unlike them they do not

need state'supervision or investigation.

From present indications the natural

progress which may be expected in a

successful co—operative undertaking of

this nature will wit'hin‘a few years fur-

ther reduce the extent of the rural fire

losses to a degree which should‘ prove a

valuable object lesson to the communities

who have costly systems of fire protec-

tion and buildings of more fire resistant

construction.



The view taken of

The immigration the immigration prob-

Problem. lem generally depends

‘ upon the angle from

which it is studied. The latest view of

this great question which 'has come to

our notice is contained in a folder ap-

parentiy circulated by some branch of

allied labor interests, in which John

Temple Graves comments on what he

terms “grasshopper immigrants,” or the

class who come to our country because of

its superior opportunities and return

again to their native countries, ”carry-

ing our privileges as spoils to enrich

some land that knOWS neither reciprocity

nor exchange.” In this article the claim

is made that within the past ten years

passing immigrants to this country have

carried back to the countries from Which

they came nearly one thousand million

dollars. It is also stated that the records

show that during the last year of panic

and depression there left the country

764.000 aliens, taking with them an enor-

mous sum of money estimated at from

200 to 500 million dollars. Many other

figures are quoted for the purpose of

creating a sentiment for the taxation of

immigrants which are being dumped on

our shores by the millions from the

countries of southern Europe, at least a

sufiiclent amount to defray the expenses

of the immigration service, which run

into the millions annually.



'This argument is presented in these

columns, merely because it is another

angle from which this question may be

viewed. Whether the question is a ser-

ious one or not depends upon the view-

point, and the man who would arrive at

a correct conclusion with regard to this

vexed problem should be able to view it

from every angle. There is one point to

be considered in this annual migration

of aliens from our Shores, and that is

the. fact that 'while here they have im-

bibed more or less of American ideas,

and cultivated some tastes for American

goods which will be reflected in some

degree in the demand for those goods

from the countries to which they have

returned. Also the fact that in returning

to their native countries on the eve of

financial depressions they have made

less pressing the problem of providing

for the unemployed. \Vhethcr these facts

counterbalance the undoubted disadvan—

tage of having them carry home the

money derived from our industries is an

open question, which we leave to the

reader to settlee in his own mind.



During the' dis-

cussion of the tariff

schedules in the

Senate, Secretary

Wilson was asked for a report on the

beet sugar industry. His report on this

subject contained a summary of facts

and figures relating to this subject which

should be of interest to the many grow-

ers of sugar beets in Michigan.



This report states that in 1896 there

were six beet sugar factories in opera-

tion and one building, having altogether

a capacity for slicing 4,000 tons of beets

daily. In 1908 there were 64 factories.

with a total capacity of 50,000 tons of

beets daily—more than a. twelve-fold in-





Growth of the

Sugar Beet Industry.





, I, , "j: ' menace ‘

am.” From. use so can: on: m .. '

tion of beet. sugar grew from 38,000 tons





to 484,000,. an increase of more than thin-

teen fold in eight years. , In 1896 41,000

acres of beets were harvested; in 1906

376,000 acres, or more than nine times

as great an area. The price of beets, like

prices, of other farm crops, has risen

steadily. In 1896 the factories paid $4.10

per ton; now they have to pay $5.35. In

1898 the farmers had 364,000 tons of beets

to sell to the factories, for which they

received $1,564,000. In 1906, just eight

years later, they had 4,326,000 tons OI

beets to sell, and received for them

$21,604,000—a twelve-fold increase in

beets and a fourtfien-fold increase in

money returns. The total amount paid

out by factories for beets during the past

twelve years amounts to $121,000,000.

The total capital invested in beet-sugar

plants in this country is about $70,000,000,

and this does not include investments

made by factory owners in farm lands,

irrigation works, etc.



In commenting upon the possibilities

of this industry in the United States the

Secretary of Agriculture says. “That if

the sugar beet were grown thruout those

portions of the United States adapted by

nature and with the aid or irrigation" to

its cutlure, with a. system of rotation

including the cultivation of the beet every

fourth year, 15 million tons of beet sugar

could be produced in the United States

annually, or more than the world's total

production of sugar at the.present time."



This, of course, is merely an estimate

of possibilities as the secretary sees

them, but theegrowth of the industry

which has already been attained is a sub-

stantial fact. There are factories now

in successful operation in sixteen states.

Colorado leads all other states in output

from sixteen factories. Michigan has the

same number of factories as Colorado and

is about on a par with California in pro-

duction of sugar, altho the latter named

state has but nine factories. Utah has

five factories and Idaho and Wisconsin

follow with four each, while ten other

states have one factory each.





 





—~_





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





Foreign.



Because they were refused an aud'ence

thh Premier Asquith, repi-esén‘ta lves

of the woman's suffrage league of England

are now determined to have a. conference

With _K1n_g Edward. They maintain the

Premier is in the wrong in refusing to

receive them according to a statute 01‘

Charles II.



Differences between the laborers and

their employers at the coal mines in Nova

Scotia, resulted in the miners going on

strike Monday. At one colliery 700'men

qmt work.

_ A desperate battle took place on the

island of Jolo in the Philippines, between

regulars, a detachment of the constabu—

lar..v,_ and Moro outlaws in which their

chief, .likiri,_was killed. The outlaws

have been giving the authorities much

trouble and the troops were sent out to

capture them. The outlaws refused to

surrender and fought to the end.



Lemoine, the French scientist who

some months ago claimed that he had

discovered a process whereby diamonds

could 'be manufactured and succeeded in

engaging a considerable amount of capi-

tal to launch his scheme, has been found

gu1lty of obtaining money under false

pretenses by the courts of France and

was sent to prison.



. The. strike situation in the Hawaiian

islands continues to give the inhabitants

great concern. Japanese strike—breakers

are being treated rather harshly by the

union men. .



. The French government, thru her min-

istelr, declares that she is favorable to

ma {ing reciprocal arrangement‘ "

Unlited States on tariffs. b With the



Twenty-seven men perished Fri 1. '

ltheksuddentlfalling of a wall of onec 3} tIi:

cc 5 a 19 entrance . -'

Newport Eng. of the dock at



Cobalt, Ont., was visited by a fire last

week which caused a loss of $350,000.

One man was killed by an explosion of

dynamite which started the blaze.



Small engagements are occurring be-

tween the forces of the sultan of Morocco

and those of dthe pretender. The situa—

ion 15 very iscoura in ‘

evlery kind. g g to busmess of



Iovement is growing in Ea

for the independence of thatStccEiennthii']

Meetlngs are being held and agitators are

preaching to the natives the advantages

they wfloulldihave if the foreign yoke which

my ee s 0 res in

moved. pp S g them were re-



Filipino laborers are sailin



Hawaiian Islands where they? lfgxlie “is

take the place of strikers on the sugar

plantations. The planters are anxious:

to .try out the new-comers and hope that:

relief from their present dilemma will

come thru them.

_If the arrangements under considera—

tion between a developing company and

Venezuela, are agreed to by the company

large mineral deposits will soon be opened

up and a controversy of 26 years stand—

ing will be ended.



The law passed to prohibit foreigners

doing coastwise trade In Canada is now

in operation and already old boats as well

as many new ones have been put into

commission along the coast of Halifax.



A pitched battle between the prison





 





 





 





   





 





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‘ my». .309. .





' Indian agents.





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authorities.- and prisoners- at Vilna,’ Ru!»





318;. resulted in thekflling of 11 men.

._ Don Carlos, the pretender to the Span-

ish throne; recently underwent an opera-

tion that was believed to be fatal, but

now there is 'hope for his recovery.



, Natlonal. ‘



Fifteen thousand men employed in the

plant of the American Sheet and Tin Plate

Company, at Sharon, Pa., went out on

strike last week. .



Judge Landis in the federal court, at

Chicago, sentenced Max Goodman, found

guilty of selling oleomargarine for butter,

to serve two years in the federal prison

at Fort Leavenworth, Kan,



The wages of 7,000 employes of the

Pennsylvania Steel company, at Steelton,

Pa., have been restored to the scale ex-

isting before the 10 per cent reduction

last April. Other manufacturing con-

cerns have announced similar action. In

some instances an increase in wages has

been made, while a number of plants which

have been idle are reported to be making

preparations to start up during the early

part of the present month.



Absolute divorce on the grounds of de-

sertion has been granted Mrs. Elizabeth

Tucker, formerly Dolly Logan, daughter

of Gen, John A. Logan, from William F.

Tucker, U. S. A., resigned.



It is intimated that the interior depart-

ment is about to discharge a number of

Irregularities in their

work is the cause.



The grand army of the republic un-

veiled a statue of Dr. Benjamin Franklin

Stephenson in Washington, July 2. Pres-

ident Taft was one of the speakers.



The ruling party of Cuba‘ has decided

to pass a lottery bill to provide funds for

the government. The budget, as report-

ed out by the committee, will be rushed

thru without amendment.



Experiments were recently completed

at Amherst college which showed that a

person could comfortably live a full month

on one dollar’s worth of food, and work.

The experiment 'was tried upon a number

of students. The cost averaged 41/2 cents

per day per student.



State.





The anti-tuberculosis legislation enacted

by the recent legislature went into effect

with the beginning of this month. The

law provides for the reporting of all cases

of tuberculosis in the state of Michigan

within 24 hours after the knowledge of

Such case comes to the attending physi-

clan, with penalties imposed for the fail-

ure to make such reports. It declares

tuberculosis to be an infectious and com-

municable disease and requires the disin-

fection of premises where persons haying,

open tuberculosis have lived and the pre-

vention of the occupancy of such premises

until duly disinfected by the local board

of health in accordance with methods in-

dorsed and recommended by the State

Board of Health. The local health officer

is to direct the disinfection of such prem-

ises. fl ‘also, prOVides for the placarding

of infe ed apartments 03' premises with

the following: “Tuberculosis is a com-

municable disease. These apartments

have been occupied by a consumptive and

may be infected. They must not be oc-

cupied until the order of the health officer

directing their disinfection or renovation

has been complied with. This notice must

not be removed under the penalty of the

law except by the health officer or other

duly authorized official.” It also provides

for a fine for the failure to carry out the

regulations of the health officer. It also

provides for the protection of the pa—

tient's family by means of proper instruc-

tion concerning the prevention of the dis-

ease given either by the attending phy-

sician or by the local health officer. Cir—

culars of information are. to be provided

by the State Board of Health. The law

also aims to prohibit the carelessness of

persons having tuberculosis.



According to the report of Adjutant

General Wyckoff, of Lansing, there are

in Michigan 10.222 members of the. G. A.

R., belonging to 213 posts. The net loss

during the year by death has been 437

members, and five posts with 468 mem-

bers have been mustered out.



Under the Flowers act passed by the

legislature the governor was directed to

name a commission on uniform laws

among the states with reference to the

subjects of marriage and divorce, insol-

vency and the inheritance laws. As such

commission the governor has named

George W. Bates, of Detroit, L. C. Fyfe,

of St. Joseph, and Cyrenius P. Black, of

Innsing. The act directs the commis-

Simlers to confer with representatives of

other states and then submit a report

and recommendation to the next legisla»

lure. No salary is allowed the members

but they may draw not to exceed $200 a

year for traveling expenses,



The public domain commission provided

for at the recent session of the legisla—

ture has been completed. It consists of

Secretary of State Martindale, Auditor

General Fuller, Land Commissioner Rus-

scll, Regent Junius E. Bcal, of the Uni-

versity of Michigan, Hon. A. ' Doherty,

member of the state board of agriculture,

and Hon. William Kelley. member of the

board of control of' the Michigan College

of Mines.





 





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





 





OSceola C0., June 26.—Fine growing

weather the last few weeks, very warm

the last ten days, which has helped

everything along, especially the corn,

which is looking healthy but a little back—

ward; cutworms are working a good

deal in some fields. Potatoes are apo

pearing above ground and the bugs are

right on time. Oats, hay and pastures

are looking good, but need rain very

soon. Wheat and rye have improved con-

siderably the last menth. About the

same acreage of cucumbers grown for

the pickle factory as last year. Cattle

are looking good but good beef cattle

are picked up pretty close: good beeves

bring about $4 per 100. Good hogsare

scarce and pigs are not very plentiful.





.1b-; eggs, 180 per -





   





Butter 16c per 1b.;C1 butter-fat, 2455c pet

oz. '



Eaton 60., July 1.———The finest kind of

growing weather—bet days and nights——

and corn is just booming. Cultivators

are busy in the corn, potato and beet

fields. Bean planting was late, and few

are large enough to cultivate. With much

of this sort of weather it will require

quick work to get the hay taken care 01

before harvest begins. Wheat and rye

are looking well, tho there is not much

of the former grown here. The present

high price of wheat, if it holds out until

fall, will probably result in more being

grown. Sugar beets are small, owing to

to the lateness of planting. Appearances

would indicate that there will be a

bumper crop of timothy hay, and clover

has also made a good growth. Haying

will be at least two weeks late this year.

There is an extra fine crop i" strawber-

ries, and they are selling at 6@7c. There

is a good crop of cherries, and the pros-

pect for apples looks good, tho the fruit

is dropping badly from unsprayed trees.

Wheat lower, $1.40@1.42;« potatoes down

to 65@75c; oats, 55c; corn, 70c; rye, 800.;

butter, 16@18c; eggs, 19@22c; other prices

unchanged.



Emmet 60., June 30.-—But little rain

has fallen during the month, not enough

to promote a good growth of grass. The

hay crop will be light and, unless rains

come soon, the growth of straw will be

short. The warm weather is very advan—

tageous to corn and potatoes and both

crops are making a good growth where

properly tended. Owing to the dry

weather the strawberry crop promises to

be a short one.



Mecosta Co.——Extraordinarily good grow-

ing weather marked close of June—warm

weather with occasional showers which

are rushing the crops. Indications point

to a good fruit crop with the exception

of winter apples. Strawberries are a

good crop. A good hay crop will be har—

vested here. Old hay practically all fed

out. Eggs, 180 per doz; butter, 20c per

pound.



Saginaw Co.—The beginning of July

found conditions wonderfully improved,

considering the spring outlook. Almost

perfect weather facilitated the fitting of

ground and getting in of the delayed

crops. Corn, beets and beans that went

in early in June, were up and ready to

cultivate a very few days after planting.

Oats coming on well; seed beans selling

above the two-dollar mark encouraged

liberal planting. A. generous acreage of

cucumbers were planted in spite of some

firms, because of over—supply, contracting

for only larger sizes. Horses scarce

and high in price. Milch cows bringing

highest prices known. but few for sale.



AT MICHIGAN FAIRS,



We want a representative at each fair

held in Michigan and adjoining states.

We pay a liberal commission to solicitors.

Experienced sulfcitors deSired but expe—

riencte is nott necexsgiry. Write at once

or arms, cc. dress the i

Farmer, Detroit, Mich. Mchigan



Michigan Fairs.



Michigan State, Detroit, Sept, 2-10,

13Vgifst Michigan, Grand Rapids, Sept.



‘ i.



Allegan County, Allegan, Sept. 21—24.



Alpena County, Alpt-nu, Sept. 00-00.



Armada Fair, Armada, Oct. 6-8.



Grand Traverse Region Fair, Traverse





City, Sept. 7—10.

Barry County, Hastings, Sept. 28 to

Oct. 1





B:iy.C0iinty, Bay City, Sept. 14—17.





Calhoun County, Marshall, Sept. 14-17.

Caro Fair, Caro. Sept. 14—18.

2§Cgbarlevoix County, East Jordan, Sept.

OClinton County, St. Johns, Sept. 28 to

ct.





Croswell Fair, Croswell, Sept. 22-24.

Cass City Fair, Cass City, Sept. 20 to



Oct. 1.

Deckerville, Deckervillc, Sept. 14-16.

Eaton County, Charlotte, Sept. 21—24.

Flint River Valley. liurt, Sept. 21-22%.

5-





Fowlcrville Fair, Fowlcrville, Oct. 9.





Gratiot County, Ithaca, Aug. 31 to

Sept. 3.



Hillsdale County, Hillsdale, Sept. 27 to

Oct. 1.





Howard City Fair, Howard City,

31 to Sept. 3.

Huron County Fair, Bad Axe, Oct. 5—8.

Imlay City Fair, Imlay City, Oct. 5-7.

Kalamazoo and S0. Mich., Kalamazoo,

Aug. 30 to Sept. 3.

Lenawee County, Adrian, Sept. 20—24.

Marquette County, Marquette, Sept.

0





Aug.





Midland County, Midland, Sept. 14-17.

Milford Fair, Milford, Sept. 28 to Oct. 1.





North Branch Fair, North Branch,

Sept. 22-24.



Northeastern Industrial, Flint, Sept

21-24.





()tsego County, Gaylord, Sept. 14-17.

Osceola County, lilvari, Sept. 14—17.

()tiawa-VVest Kent, Berlin, Sept. 21-24.

’I‘ri—(‘ounty, Lake Odessa, Sept. 7-10.

'l‘ri-County, Reed City, Sept. 21-24.

Tuscola County, Vassar, Sept. 29 to

Oct. .

Arenac County, Standish, Sept. 23—25.

Oceana County, Hart, Sept. 21—24.

West Allegan-South Ottawa, Holland,

Sept. 21—24.





State Fairs and Expositions.





Michigan—Detroit, Sept. 2—10.

Indiana—Indianapolls, Sept. 6-10.

Ohio—Columbus, Aug. 30 to Sept. 3.

Illinois—Springfield, Oct. 1-9.

Kentucky—Louisville. Sept. 13-18,

Pennsylvania—Bet’hlchem, Sept. 7-10.

New York—Syracuse. Sent. 13-18.

Canadian National Exposition—Toronto,

Aug. 28 to Sept. 13.

Iowa—Des Moines, Aug. 27 to Sept. 3.





WisconSin—Madison, Sept. 13-17.

Minnesota—Hamline, Sept. 6-11,

International Live Stock Exposition—-





Chicago, Nov. 28 to Dec. 5.



American Royal Live Stock Show-—

Kansas City, Oct. 11-16.



National

Dec. 6-18.





 





 





 





; 5 THE MICHIGAN-v FARMER.





   

 





.449.





Use Plymouth Twine. It

prevents costly delays.

Runs smoothly and is extra

strong. No bothersome

knots, no stopping to thread

up, no loose sheaves or lost

grain.





PLYMOUTH





Binder

Twine





costs a little more and is worth

a great deal more. It is guaran-

teed full length, and

every inch is good.

It saves more than ~.‘

it costs, and in a

season's harvesting

it is the most eco-

nomical twine, be-

cause it goes farthest.

Try it this season.

Ask the local dealer

for PLYMOUTH TWINE,

and see that the

wheat-sheaftag is on

every ball.



PLYMOUTH CORDAGE COMPANY





Largest Rope Makers in the World.

/(. Oldest in America.





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 

 





Plymouth. Moss.





 

 





 





u n - - ,

Wanted by Uncle 8am 4am; Mall Clerk:

City Carriers, Postoifice Clerks. any examina-

tions everywhere soon. 3600 to 01600 yearly. Short

hours. Annual vacation. Salary twice monthly.

0ver_8,000 appointments during 1909. Country and

city residents equally eligible. Common education

sufficient. Political influence not required. Can-

didates prepared free. Write immediately for

schedule and free bulletin.

Franklin Institute. Dept. H52. Rochester. N.Y.





 





wunEo—Position preferably In Michigan by mar-

ried man, a thorough dalryman and can

get results; Up to date on sanitary mllk production,

fancy buttermaking. breeding. feeding and care of

stock. Address Mgr. or. The Michigan Farmer





‘ ' (9) 29





, Pull Power Hay

I

L

Press, Easiest Worn,

, _ _

Handles Most Hay

— _ —

aoontinuous travel, full circle, all steel press

with numerous exclusive advantages saving

money, time,labor. No, step-over pitman—no tricky

toggle—joints—no pile-driving rebound. No waste

power. Rocker Tucker—an exclusive feature—turns

out Smooth Bales that, pack well. sell better than

ragged bales. We also make best belt-power press

on market. Write for catalog and letters from users.

Wait until you get word from us before you buy

any press.

Dain Manufacturing Compan





   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 





 





 





 





Bolt Power

HAY

PRESS





is built both as an open feed hole and"oon-

denser” hopper. Automatic ,. block dropper.

Rapid. Strong. Simple. Fully guaranteed and

shl ped to any responsible party In the U. S.

on ts merits. Write for catalog and prices to





The OHIO TRACTOR MFG. 00., Delaware. 0.





1909--Premium Lists-4909

WEST MIOHIGAN“





STATE FAIR





are ready for distribution and Will be

mailed on request. Write





EUGENE u. CONGER, Secy.,

Board of Trade Bld¢.. Grand Rapids. I'llch.





THREE DAILY PAPERS





For those who would like to have

three daily papers at week, we have ar-

ranged with the New York Thrice-a-

“ieek World so that we can offer it with

the Michigan Farmer a year for only

$1.40; that is, both papers a year each

for that price. Send orders to us or

thru our agents.



THE MICHIGAN FARMER,

Detroit, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





I A Field and Storage Crate built on new principles.

Made of Hardwood.

The strongest crate ever made for use on the

farm or in the orchard. Put together with Bolis





’Shipped in bundles, folded ilat.





and Steel Bands.

Our catalog forthe asking.





 





Cummer Mfg. Co.





CADILLAC, MICHIGAN

Pioneers of the Fold=

ing Crate Business





SUMMER CRATES are known the

World over. There are none better.





 





 





A Full Bimini—2747 Cubic Inches.





 





 

 





' antee.

Queen is right.





any time.





For 450-lb. Capacity





DAIRY CREAM SEPARATOR





Highest Quality.

From factory to you.

Thousands in use in Michigan. because the Dairy

The price is right.





Allegan, March 29, ’09—1 tried 8 Dairy Queen beside a De Laval, Sharples-

and Omega. and bought it because it Is simpler, runs lighter. skim: closer-

nnd in three years use cost nothing for repairs and is as good as new.





Lowest Price.

No middle profit. Ten-year guar-





Ask your neighbor.





E0. H. JEWETT.





Litchfleld, May 24, '09—1 have used 3 Dairy Queen for 4 years, it is very

easy to operate and take care of, runs light and skims close and we have

not been to one cent of expense for repairs.



Thousands of such letters.

Order today. Freight paid.





W. E. CALLANE, Mfg. Sales Manager for Michigan,





8. W. ROBINSON.





Free trial. Money back





LOWELL. MICHIGAN.





 





Remember the name and the trade mark of UNICORN DAIRY RATION;

it means the best there is in dairy feed—it contains the highest percent-





age of protein and fat—no filler.

in l





Send for Booklet.





CHAPIN G CO., Inc., Mi|waukee, Wis.





 





com Exposmon‘omaha’iWhen writing to advertisers mention the Michigan Farmer





.—.».. n a. an.-.“ .. »-».anmnmuumm.





1L
v





.‘W .... . .‘ . r.

\





mm—— ”M...“ ,_





 





i

1

l





‘ ‘





, 30 no: «

WW _ being offered on the market here liber-





quoted at $2.75@3 per bbl. -—

Provisions—Family pork, $22@23; mess

pork, $21; light short clear, $21; heavy





 





g, 'MARKETi -_‘





DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.





July 7, 1909. Dairy and Poultry Products.





Grain and Seeds. Butter.——The week saw a general im-

Wheat.——The receipts 0f new .w‘heat provement in the butter market. Cream-

have not affected cash sales of the grain ery goods advanced here in harmony

but the prices for futures were given a with the better prices prevailing at

dip downward by the heavy offerings of Elgin, Dairy goods are steady. Quota-

the new crop at southwestern points. tions are: Extra creamery butter, 251/2c;

The harvesting is beginning in northern dairy, 19%(2; packing, 180 per lb.

states, some reapers being already at Eggs.—Price for regular receipts is a

'Work in Michigan, and everywhere, With fraction of a cent higher than .last week.

perhaps the single exception of Ohio. The offerings have been small and the

where the state report is favorable to the demand steady. Firsts, case count, cases

bulls, the result is encouraging to those included, are quoted at 201,50 per doz.

who desire lower values. Farmers in Poultry.—This deal is very quiet and

sections Where threshing is in progress steady with offerings limited. The fol—

are getting the crop to the markets as. lowing quotations rule: Hens, 12@130;

fast as possible that they might share roustcx‘s, 961100: ’ducks, 14@15c; geese,

the advantages of the present situation. $6i9c: turkeys. 166i‘17c; broilers, 21@220.

Foreign markets are lower, being in- Cheese.—l\licliigan flats, new, 13c; York

fluenced by reports from the country and state. ltiiéc; liinburgcr. fancy old, 170;

from Russia where the crop is also show- new, 14c: schwciucr. fancy old, 20@210;

ing up well. Michigan fields are ripening brick cream. 15c per lb.

fast and the coolh weather the past fcw Fruits and Vagetables.

days is aiding t e pants in producing . ...,.. ‘ . .i.- . ,

good plump kernels. One year ago the °"'°"5-’B““"tl‘,l,:‘:; 5:3“: 19“" mat]?-

price paid for No. 2 red wheat was 92c StraWDerr'95"" “‘39 “‘5 uen a urge

. . . falling off in rel-c.1115 the past week.

per bu. Quotations for the week tilt. ,, 7 . 1 . , .i

No. 2 No.1 No.3 lhe demand has been .ittne and prites





' , are. double those of scvcn days ago.

Thurs. ”3320 Wffttoe' $53753 £11116)»; fifgt' Home—grown stock now being quoted at





' ,, _ 1 $3604.50 per bu.

17812;.t ......1.40 1.40 1.37 1.1.)1/2 1.11 A Gooseberries__Per bu" $1.50@2.

Mon ' ' ' ' " .. ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' " ' ' ' ' ” Cherries—Good demand . and firm.





short clear, $23.50;.pure lard, 12%c; bacon,

1536c; shoulders, 110; smoked-hams, 14c;

picnic hams, 10%c.





Sour now quoted at $2612.25 per bu.

(1 .

TTAuTeeds. Wigg 13(5) H; 115% i934? Raspberries.-—Markct continues firm

' ' ' " ' ‘ ' 4' with a good demand. They are held





Germ—The downward trend of prices firmly at $3.50 per 24-qt. case for both

in this department is due to the slump red and black.

in wheat values and to the good weather Blackberries.~Firm at $350 per 24*”.

conditions over a large part of the corn case.

belt. These conditions caused a break Vegetables—Green onions, 100 per doz;

0f from 1%@31/30 in the Chicago market radishcs, 1061;12c per doz; cucumbers,

on Tuesday and on the same day a dc— 306045c p9,. (302; lettuce, 500 per bu;

Cline of 1% cents per bushel on the local hcad lettuce, ”@225 per hamper; water-

market. Farmers are getting the fields (31-933, 20@25c per doz; spinach, 500 per

in good condition before the late hay bu; oyster plant, 40c per doz; asparagus,

crop is ready to so in and if the fellI 31.500175 per case; rhubarb, 40@50c per

should be favorable there is no reason (102; green peas, $1_25@1,50 per bu.

why a good crop 'will not be harvested. ____._.___-___

The acreage in Michigan has been re- OTHER MARKETS.

duced by the late rains, many fields bc— _

ing planted to beans instead. One year ,

ago the price paid for No, 3 corn was , Grand Rapids. ,

74%C- Quotations for the week are: Wheat is off 50 and stands at $1.40 this



3 week. Other grains unchanged. Dairy





No.3 Yellow. buttci‘ is up 1c, creamery léc. The egg





 





Thursday __________ 751/2 76% market is unchanged. Dressed hogs are

Fi‘idav ___________________ 75 76 stczidy at Eli/2c. The poultry market is

Saturday _________________ ' casici‘, broilci's of 11/2 to 2 lbs. .bi'inging

Monday .................. .. .. 1960210. The strawbcrry season 1.5 nearly

Tuesday ................. 73%: 741/2 ovt-r, prices Tuesday morning for good

\Vednesday ______________ 73 r4 stock ranging from $175602. Red cur-





. . rants are now on, bringin $1.25@1..i0

0ats.—Oats dld “Qt £091 the bearish pcr 16—qt. crate; gooscbergies, 900601.

effect 0f the weather conditions to .the Sour cherries: arc in liberal supply, bring-

extent that corn and wheat (lid Since ing 7560850 per half bushel swéct cher-

the prospects are less favorable for _:L i'ics $150 New pens are worth 8061:85c;

normal CFOP' . Damage by storm m string beans, $1@1.75; new cabbage, 360

southern IllinOis was reported Tuesday. 31/0 pcr lb . summer squash 4@50 per

The local market received rather hcuvy “,3 lilomeg‘rown new potatoes .1116 due

offerings the past week but buyers are but have not “,t arrived ‘

inclined to consider the market iirm. Quotations follow' ‘

Demand is fair. One year ago the price Grains ~Vthnt $140. com 750. oats

paid for No. 3 oats was 560 pcr bu. (2110- 570. buckwheat 600 per bu' rye 80c ’

tations for the. past week arc:_ , B’eans:—Machine screened, $2325. .

N0-3VY1‘1t0- S‘i‘lfi- Rutter.~liuying prices, Dairy, No. 1





Thursday ---------------- 9W2 441/2 190mm; crcamery in tubs, 25c; prints,

1:1‘iday ................... 56 4. 251/243 per lb.



Saturday ................. .. Cheese—Michigan full cream is selling

MONKEY ------------------ ~_- -- at 16@16%c per lb; brick, 17c; Swiss, 17c;

Fiicsdny ................. 5-1 121/? limburger, 17c.



‘5 ednesday .............. 53 4394‘ Eggs.——Case count, ]81/2@]9c_





Beans.~—Cash beans suffcrml a dot-lino, Chcrrics.~S\vcet, $1.506i1.75 pcr bu;

of 5c last week while Octobcr options SUUI‘. 7567857- lwr case.

advanccd 2c. The interest is practically Michigan Strawberries.—$1.50@2 pei

all ccntci'ed in the future deal. The IG-ql. casc.

acreage has been somewhat increased by CillllP.—~(‘OV\'S, 32-50034 DPI‘ (‘Wti steers

planting to beans many fields that were and heifers, best quality, 3@5%c; dressed

intended for corn, owing to the lateness mutton. 960100; dressed veal. 6@9C:

of the season. The following are the (ll'i‘SSCd 1790f. COWS. 5@Gl/2C§ steels and

.quotations for the week: llt'lfi‘I‘S. 71/;‘191/520-





Cash. Oct. Hogs—Dressed, 91/20.





 





 





Thursday ........ ..........$2.50 $2.02 Live Poultry—Fame. 106.0120: roosters.



Friday ..................... 2.50 2.02 741‘80; turkeys, 176118c‘, broilers, 11/2 to 2



Saturday ...................... .. Hm, 19@'21c; spring ducks 1560170.



Monday ................... ..



Tuesday ................... 2.45 2.04 New York.



\\ edncsda) 2.45 2.04 Buffet—Western factory firsts, 13¢?)

Cloverseed. Tlicrc was littlu- dealing 21c; t-i-t-aincry specials, 2661261/20.





in October seed the past wcck but ti'zid- Eggs—Firm. \Vestern firsts to ex-

crs were active w1th the March option. iras, 2360231/2c; seconds, 206021c per doz.

I)l'lCt'S are on about last chk's lcvel. l’oiilt1‘y.——Alivc, stcady. \Vcsici'n chick-





 





 





T'hc conditions do not look promising t-ns, broilers, 2161'22c; fowls, 151/2c.

for the coming crop. Quotations are as lli‘i'ssml. stcady. \Vcsicrn broilers, 1860

follows: 23"; fowls, 146115c per lb.



Oct. March. Grain—“meat, No, 2 rcd, $1.45 per bu;

Thursday .................. $6.95 $7.10 t-m-n, No. 2, 781/26; outs, mixed. 580.

Friday ..................... 6.95 7.10 *—

Saturday .................. .. Chicago

Monday .................... .. . . .. . . 7 Y 0 I r .,

Tuesday ................... (3.95 7.10 q§§t}19a$t1'_(;71>.0‘ “ er’ $13”; July, $131373:

{3 . r , r i l‘ ., 1 . Ag.

‘\t(1ntSdrd:lV. .......... . ...... 6 .92) 7.10 Corns—No. 3, 69346070340; July 67C;

.Rye.—lhis market is cosy w1th quom— Sq-Dl. 64c. ’

ilcns 30 lower than :1 chk ago. The Oats. No. 3 while, 451.426.0481/20; July.





selling quotation for cash No. 2 this Week .l7i/gtv Sc 5

. , . pt., 41/gc.

lS 80c per bu. l'iuttcu—Stcady.

Visible Supply of Grain. dairies, 2000231/2‘;

This week. Last week. Eggs—Steady to a cent higher. Firsts,





Crcamcrics, 22@25c;





 





Wheat ..... . ......... 9,756,000 11,280,000 201/2“; prime ”r313, 21C per doz-



(‘oi'n ................. 3,210,000 3,374,000 H



Oats ................. 6,281,000 6,287,000 B°S‘°"-



Rye .................. 157,000 170,000 lVool.~The market is not as active





Barley ............... 649,000 697,000 as it was a few weeks back but more

trading is being done than is customary



lour Fee , Pro . . ‘ '



F ' d visions, Etc . at this season of the ycar. The demand

Flown—Market Stf‘zidy, With quotations has improvcd ovcr last wook and sales

unchanged, Qimiulltinq are US follow}? drc being made at unusually high prices





(qtleal‘ hi...............................$1.7§ v—some 3;, blood from Ohio sold for 37c

P2113015 M:h' -------------------------- ”-8" the past week while medium grades were

0 1'” t‘ i; tlgan -------------------- 7]? running at high figures. Fine pulled Cal-



l‘( maiy 2 out ..................... 6.9-) ifnrnja woolg “Vere changing hands at





Hay and Straw.——Markct for hay is‘ 656070c. In forci n wools an o r doe

10W??- Straw steady. Carlot prices on mestic kinds t'hcgdealing hasdbcggequito

track are: N?- l timothy, new, $13-50 active. Mills are eagerly looking for

((014: N0. 2 timothy. $125060”: clon‘T‘. stock to put in store and the cloth mar-

mixed, 5512601250: rye straw, $11; wheat kcf is showing such, improvement as‘to

angegajt sItgavtvérW rgyi‘azon.$2g per ton' urge the manufacturers to invest more

coarse middlings. $29; fine middlings, $31; liberally than they did a year ago.

cracked corn and coarse corn meal, $3163

32: com and oat chop, $29. Elgln.



_Potatoes.—'l‘he old potato deal is prac- Butter—Market firm at 2514c per lb.

tlf‘ally of the past. Attention is now which is an advance of 14c over the pre:

given to the southern stock which is vious period. I-





 





nit-IE I MICHIGAN FARMER. h





ally. New potatoes from the south are





’ I





THE LIVE ' STOCK MARKETS.





Buffalo.

July 5, 1909.

(Special report by Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, N. Y.)





 





 





Receipts of sale stock here today as

follows: Cattle, 190 loads, hogs, 9,000;

sheep and lambs, 3,500; calves, 1,600.



There was an over supply of cattle

here today and with a limited number of

buyers the trade was very slow and

strong quarter lower than a week ago.

The medium and half fat cattle were very

hard to sell as they just come in compe-

tition with the Texas, which are running

pretty freely at present. We think there

will be fully 40 loads of common and

medium cattle left unsold tonight. Ship-

pers must use caution in buying the

medium and half fat kind from now on

as we don't look for any improvement

on this kind. Stock cattle also suffered

a heavy decline. Fresh cows and spring-

ers sold about the same as last week.



we quote: Best export steers, $65063

6.85; best 1,200 to 1,300 lb. shipping steers,

$6606.50; best 1,000 to 1,100 do., $575606;

light butcher steers, $4.75@5; best fat

cows, $4.25@4.50; fair to good cows, $3.50



604; trimmers, $2.25@2.75; best fat heif~

ers, $5.50@5.75; fair to good, $4604.50;

common heifers, 8.5060375; best feeding

steers, 800 to 900 lb. dehorned, $4604.25?

700 to 750 lb, dehorned stockers, $3.25@

3.50; common SlOth'I‘S, $3; best bulls,

$4.25@4.50; bologna bulls, $3.25@3.75;

best fresh cows and springers, $406350;

mcdium cows, $306040; common cows.

$206030.



One choice heavy deck of ‘hogs sold

today at $8.70 and another choice deck

at $8.65. Packers bot the bulk of their

kind at $8.50. The market is closing

strong and we think the prospects fair

for the near future.



“’0 quote: Medium and heavy, $8.50@

8.60; mixed, 334560850; best yorkers,

$8.25608.45; light yorkers, $77.75‘08; pit-58.

$7.75@7.75; roighs, $7.25607.30; stags,

$5.50606.25.



The sheep and lamb market today was

fairly active at the prices and everything

is sold.



W'e quotc: Spring lambs, $8.25@8.50;

fair to good, 7608; culls, $5@6.50; skin

culls, $4604.50; yearlings, $6606.50; weth-

crs, $5615.15; ewes, $4604.25; cull sheep,

$2603.50; best calves, $8@8.25; fair to

good calves, $6607.50; heavy calves, $4@5.





 





Chica o. .

9 July 5, 1909.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Ilcceived today ..... 15,000 18,000 12,320

Same do -last year .11.240 29.73 :2. ’i

Receivedylast week..43,391 96,735 72,321

Same week last yeai'.48,233 121,935 01,129



Cattle sold satisfactorily or otherw1se

last week, according to whether they

were of the popular class, and while fat

little yearling steers and. heifers made

new high records by bringing $7607.50 for

700 to 900-11). consignments, heavy cattle,

us well as coarse and medium grassy

lots, had to go considerably lower. The

cxtremc range of prices for beef steers

was $5607.50, with the best heavy bccves

going at $7.25, and steers sold chiefly

at $6.10607.10. The market is in a peculiar

condition, and owners of fat little your-

lings are making big profits. With cows

and heifers it was the same as w1th

steers, grassy kinds reaching a still lower

level, while the best heifers went around

$6607. Canners and cutters were in lim-

ited request at $2603.50, while bulls were

salable at $3605.25. Packers received a

great many Texas cattle from other

western markets, and these made a poor

outlet for grassy natives. Distillery—fed

steers sold frccly at $6.70607.15, but the

season for these is nearing a close. Ex-

porters hot a limited number of good

cattle around $6.50@6.80, and there was

a‘ moderate eastern shipping demand for

cattle, the general requirements of the

trade being only fair, and such firmness

as was shown was tluc to the unusually

small receipts as compared with recent

years at corresponding periods. Calves

had a fair demand at $3607.25 per 100

lbs., and milkci's and springcrs sold fairly

at $256055 per hcad. Little was done

in smokers and fccdci's, prices 156I=25c

lower, with sales at $3605.25, d buyers

mostly refusing to pay over $5 for feed-

ci‘s or more than $4.50 for tho better

grade of stockcrs, altho a few sold close

to $5.



Independence Day sees light receipts

of all kinds of live stock, and yet today‘s

cattle market is not active, and while

fat little ycarlings are going at steady

prices, othcr kinds of cattle are slow and

largely 10c lower. Ncbraska cattle Were

numerous.



Hogs were marketed vcry sparingly most

of the past wcck, owners holding on for

full prices, and good buying by local

butchers, and eastern shippers caused

scvcral upward turns, followed by the

customary reactions. Shippers and local

speculators took most of the test heavy

hogs, paying the highest priccls, and

heavy lard hogs went at a big premium

over prices paid for comparatively light

weights, as there were not enough of the

fornicr class offered. Still there has been

a good gain in the average weight of the

rcccipts, the recent average standing at

222 lbs, co arcd with 216 lbs. a year

ago, and 236 lbs. two ycars ago. The

recent average was the heaviest seen

since September, 1908, when it was 224

lbs. The surrounding: of the market

have not changed, and high prices are

practically assured owing to the serious

eastern and western shortage. Grassy

hogs are bad sellers, altho even these

look high. As fast as the hogs are ready

they should be shipped to market. The

meager Monday supply today caused a

quick rise of 1060150, with new high

records, hogs selling at $7.25@8.30. Stags

sold at $8.30, boars at $5.25@6 and throw-

outs at $3605.25.



Sheep are now being marketed much

more freely from the western ranges.





 





the greater part coming from Idaho,





Utah, Washington, Oregon and Men-





~ JULY 10. 1909.

tana. Quality has. been lacking fre-

quently, altho it was pretty good at

times, and the big declines in prices

caused general disappointment to own-

ers. Offerings adapted for feeders had

a good outlet at ruling ,prices, and there

was a lively call for breeding ewes,at

$5606 per 100 lbs. for shipment to Ken-

tucky and West Virginia. Spring lambs

arrived fairly and did ..ot decline as

much as sheep, being in much better

request. As usual, the packers received

large supplies of spring lambs from the

south. Clipped lambs are now yearlings.

There is a steady market today, and

three double-decks of Idaho range lambs

brot $8.65, the record high price. Native

lambs sold at $4.50@8.50, native ewes at

$2@4.25, breeding ewes at $4.75@6, na-

tive wethers at $4.15@4.75, native year-

lings at $5@6 and rams at $2@3,25,

Range feeder lambs were salable at $4.25

((06.50, feeder wethers at $350604, feeder

yearlings at $4@5 and feeder ewes at

$2.50@3.15.



Horses are being marketed in moderate

numbers, and there is the usual fair

summer trade, with prices ruling on an

average $10@20 per head under the

spring figures. Sales worthy of especial

mention include those made the other

day by an Iowa shipper, who topped the

market with a load of draft horses, 3.

black Percheron mare weighing 1,860

lbs. going at $325 to a buyer from Penn’-

sylvania, and three fancy 1,700-1b. gray

Percheron geldings being sold to Armour

& Co. for a total of $825. Ice and ex-

press companics are placing fair orders

in the market for 1,400 to 1,500-lb, chunks

and have paid $190@250, with: a very good

grade selling at $160@185. Drivers are

having a moderate sale at $150@300, and

there is an occasional sale at $350 or

higher. F.





LIVE STOCK NOTES.



The summer hog ”run” will be greatly

deficient, both 'in quantity and quality,

as a result of the persistent marketing

of pigs and light-weight hogs earlier in

the season. At that time the packers

refused to pay the usual premium for

matured hogs, but now they are con-

fronted with a real shortage of lard and

dwindling stocks of meats in their cel—

lars, and lard has been selling on the

Chicago Board of Trade at the highest

prices seen since 1893. The consumption

of lard has been increased by the pure—

food law, while its production has been

much lowcrcd thru the high price of corn.

The hogs now being marketed are not

the kind that yield well of either lard or

mess pork, and this puts a. big premium

on heavy hogs. Stocks of provisions in

Chicago warehouses on July 1 were down

to 123,182,956 pounds. compared with 134,-

812,956 pounds a month earlier and 150,-

018,684 pounds a year ago.



Live stock dcalcrs ,who have returned

from recent trips over Illinois and Iowa.

report meager supplies of choice. heavy

cattle left in food lots, stock Zfeeders

haying shipped most of such holdings

to. market to avoid the hot weather dis—

crimination shown by buyers against

such beeves. Warm weather is unfavor~

able for the sale of long-fed heavy cattle,

and they are even slower than usual this

season, the popular taste being more

strongly than ever for light cuts cf beef.

The southwestern feeding sections have

been furnishing the Chicago market with

the greater share of the heavy dry—fed

steers, Nebraska, Kansas and Missouri

being the states where these cattle are

chiefly fed. Of late prime little yearlings

have sold at a substantial premium, and

while choice heavy cattle Went at $7607.25

per 100 lbs., prime yearlings found quick

sales at $7.106i‘7.50, a recent sale being

made of four car loads of 701—lb. steers

from Nebraska at $7.40. Holding down

supplies has put prices much higher for

good cattle, and the bcst distillery-fed

steers have sold up to $7.15.



Peter McGregor, senior member. of the

McGregor Land and Live Stock Com-

pany, of KVashington, rcports sales of

$40,000 worth of wool and sheep from

11,000 head. VVethers were sold at $4.25

per head and wool at 17 conts a pound.

it. C. Lyle, a farmer of eastern \Vaslh

ington, owns 120 shecp, of which 115 are

ewes, and these have lambs, making the

remarkable increase of 130 per cent. No

wonder he is sure that sheep pay better

than any other kind of live stock, sub-

sisting largely on what would be wasted

in the spring, summer and autumn, While

he feeds them on alfalfa hay during the

winter. He has found the industry a

good paying one during the five years

he has bccn engaged in it.





United States Rubber 60.





42 Broadway, New York, July 1,1929.

The Board of Directors of the United

States Rubber Company has this day

declared from its net profits a quarterly

dividend of Two Per Cent. on the First

Preferred Stock (including all outstand-

ing old “Preferred” Stock), and a quar-

terly dividend of One and. One-half Per

Cent on the Second Preferred StOck of

this Company, to Stockholders of record

at 3 p. m. on Thursday, July 15th, 1909,

payable, without closing of the Transfer



Books, July 3lst, 1909. ‘

JOHN J. WATSON, Jr., Treasurer.





ECZEMA





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-_-.- _......., ,*.,.. .,...-,- .





_-.__,,g_,__.
-_-.- 1...... “*2 .,....- - .





__._..,q;,_,_..





‘ ’..~.; #1





True is Tatum-r non-ion.





.In the first edition the Detroit Live



’ ‘ markets a'reqe‘ports of last week;

all other ‘markets are right up to date.

Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock markets

are given in' the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi-

tion Friday mOrning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early than they do for Thursdays

Detroit Live Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that eflect.





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





Thursday's Market.



> July 8, 1909.



'Cattle.



Receipts, 1,095. Market steady at last

week’s prices; trade active on good stuff.

We quote: Extra dry-fed steers and

heifers, $5.50@6; steers and heifers, 1,000

to 1,200, $5@5.25; steers and heifers, 800

to 1,000, $4.25@5; grass steers and heif-

ers that are fat, 800 to 1,000, $4.25@5;

grass steers and heifers that are fat, 500

to 700, $3.75@4.25; choice fat cows, $4.50;

good fat cows, $3.50@4; common cows,

$2.50@3; canners, $1.75@2.25; chmce

heavy bulls, $3.75@3.90; fair to good bo-

lOgnas, bulls, $3.50; stock bulls, $3@3.25;





choice feeding steers, 800 to 1,000, $4.50@





4.75; fair feeding steers, 800 to 1,000, $4@

4.50; choice stockers, 500 to 700, $4.25@

4.50; fair stockers, 500 to 700, $3.75@4:

stock heifers, $3@3.50; milkers, large,

young, medium age, $40@50; common

milkers, $25@35. , .



Roe Com. Co. sold Mich. B. Co. 6 heif-

ers av 721 at $3.25; to ‘Rattkowsky 5

butchers av 486 at $3; to Jonghin 6 cow

and bulls av 905 at $3.25, 4 bulls av 810

at $3.20; to Newton B. Co. 3 cows av 1,100

at $4.40;‘ to Cook 13 steers av 861. at

$5.25, 3 do av 890 at $5.50; to Caplis .5

cows av-1,026 at $3.50, 4 do av 1,100 at

$4, 2 butchers av 390 at $3, 5 do av 7:00

at. $3.90; to Gerish 17 do av 780 at $4.15.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Mich. B. Co.

4 steers av 915 at $5.50, 3 heifers av 79.5

at $3.80, 2 bulls av 1,060 at $3.80, 2 steers

av 1,060 at $5.50, 6 butchers av 833 at $5,

1 cow weighing 980 at $3.25, 2 bulls _av

1.210 at $3.75; to Goose 1 cow weighing

1,090 at $3.50; to Kamman B. Co. 3 heif-

ers av 670 at $4.10; to Sullivan P. Co.

7 butchers av 480 at $3.30, 4 cows av

920 at $3.35, 3 bulls av 773 at $3.35; to

Goose 12 butchers av 340 at $3, 14 _do.av

370 at $2.75; to Bresnahan 1 cow weighing

950 ‘at $2.25; to Austin 30 stockcrs av _471

at $3.40, 13 do av 450 at $3.35; to Mich.

B. Co. 16 steers av 930 at $5; to Greene

10 heifers av 784 at $4.30; to Regan 8

butchers av 637 at $3.65; to Kamman B.

Co. 1 steer weighing 890 at $3.65; to

Jonghin 2 bulls av 770 at $3.50, 1 cow

weighing 1,000 at $3.10, 2 heifers av 850

at $3.25; to Newton B. Co. 2 steers av

1,160Ha9 $6; to Thorborn 16 stockers av

446 21533.40. . _



Spi-cer, M. & B. sold Mich. B. Co. 6

butchers av 896 at $3.75, 19 steers av 801

at $5, 3 cows av 933 at $3.75, 3 bulls av

733 at $3, 16 butchers av 630 at $3.75; to

Brown 1 stockcr weighing 420 at $3; to

Kamman 3 cows av 840 at $3, 1 do wcigl1~

ing 920 at $3, 2 bulls av 700 at $3.50; to

Goose 7 heifers av 411 at $3.25; to Sulli-

van P, Co. 1 bull weighing 830 at $3.45,

2 cows av 900 at $4; to Goose 5 heifers

av 392 at $8.25; to Rattkowsky 12 butch-

crs av 648 at $4; to Bresnahan 2 cows

av 760 at $2.25; to Mich. B. Co. 8 steers

av 887 at $5, 14 do av 815 at $5, 2 do av

875 at $4, 2 heifers av 790 at $3, 2

av 1,100 at $3.75; to Fry 12 butchers av

775 alt-$4.60, 8 do av 725 at $4.40; to Ham-

mond, S. & Co. 1 cow weighing 1,480 at

$4, 3 do av 940 at $3.85.



Haley sold Schlischer 2

at $3.35, 3 do av 590 at



Same sold Greene 3 stockers av 626 at

$3.80, 1 bull weighing 540 at $3.30.



Groff sold Thompson 2 cows av 915

at $2, 2 heifers av 665 at $3.50.





butchers av 475

.75.





Haley sold same 11 butchers av 673

at $4.25. _



Allen sold Thorborn 20 stockers av 475

at $3.60.





Wagner sold Bresnahan 9 butchers av

748 at $4.25.



Johnson sold Marx 6 steers av 890 at

$4.75, 7 cows av 923 at $3.65.



Haley sold Kamma’n 4 butchers av 600

at $3.55, 11 do av 780 at $4.50, 3 do av

866 at $4.90, 1 cow weighing 920 at. $3,

1 do weighing 1,130 at $3.75, 1 do weigh-

‘ 1,180 at $3.75. _

111%3103, sold Sullivan P. Co, 1 bull weigh-





ing 650 at $3. 2 do av 875 at $3.25, 10

butchers av 640 at $3.75. ‘

Lovewell sold same 17 cows av 812 at





$4, 2 do av 1,010 at $3.



Jedele & Kendal sold same 6 cows av

1.028 at $3.60, 3 heifers av 780 at $4.60,

2 rows av 820 at $3.60.



Haley sold same 3 stccrs av 913 at

$5.25, 1 bull weighing 1.330 at $4.



Groff sold same 2 do av 940 at $3.50.





Veal Calves.





Receipts, 769. Market 257P50c higher;

best, $750698; others, $46177; milch cows

and springcrs steady.



Lovewell sold Sullivan P. Go. 11 av

150 at $7.50.



Miller Bres. sold same 12 av 160 at





.75.



Kendall sold same 18 av 150 at $7.75,



Morris sold same 6 av 125 at $5, 27 av

160 at $7.50. ,



Wagner sold Newton B, Co. 3 av 160

at $5, 26 av 150 at $7.50.



Groff sold Fitzpatrick 21 av 130 at

7.25.

$ Spicer, M. & B. sold Mich. B. CO. 5

av 160 at $7.60, 8 av 150 at $7.50. I weigh-

ing 190 at $5, 3 av 170 at $7.35. I weigh-

ng 140 at $4, 1 weighing 110 at $7.25; to

Caplis 5 av 205 at $5, 10 av 157 at $7.25;

to Burnstine 1 weighing 170 at $5, 9 av

110 at $7.25, 3 av 205 at $5, 12 av 160

at $7.50, 11 av 150 at $7.40.



Roe Com.'Co. sold Parker. W. & Co.

3 xiv-290 at‘$5, 10 av 165 at $7.25; to Sul-

livan 1?. 00112 av 155 at $7.75, 1 weigh-





bulls ,





ing 160.,a-t $6; to Mich. B. Co. 27 av 150

at $7.75, 1 weighing 140 at $6; to Goose

16 av 135 at $7.50.

Sandall & T.‘

155 at $7. _

Haley sold Mich. B. Co. 3 av 140 at

$5, 22 av 155 at $7.50, 13 av 140 at $7.40.

Haley sold Caplis 19 av 135 at $7.15.

.Bishop, B, & H. sold Parker, W. &

Co.~ 24 av 155 at $7.50, 5 av 150 at.$4, 23

av 150 at $7, 2 av 100 at $7, 11 av 140

at $7.25; to Fitzpatrick Bros. 1 weighing

100 at $5, 11 av 140 at $7.75, 9 av 170 at

$7.50, 2 av 300 at $5, 9 av -60 at $7.50,

2 av 300 at $5; to Hammond, S. & Co.

3 av 150 at $5, 22 av 160 at $7.75, 5 av

150 at $7.75, 4 av 150 at $6, 11 av 140 at

$7.75; to Mich. B. Co. 18 av 145 at $7.35.

Sheep and Lambs.

Receipts, 1,179. Good lambs 25c higher;





sold Friedman‘B av





yearlings, common sheep 500 lower.

Best lambs, $8@8.50; fair to good

lambs, $7@7.80; light to common lambs,





$5@7; yearlings, $4@6; fair to good sheep,

$3.50@4.50; culls and common, $2.50@3.



Bishop, & H. sold Sullivan P. Co.

5 sheep av 83 at $4, 35 lambs av 63 at

$8.25, 19 do av 75 at $7; to Newton B.

CO. 16 do av 65 at $7.50, 3 sheep av 139

at $3; to Fitzpatrick Bros. 16 do av 120

at $3.50, 5 lambs av 68 at $8.50; to New-

ton B. Co. 1 buck weighing 130 at $4, 14

lambs av 80 at $6.50; to Barlage 11 do

av 58 at $7.50; to Fitzpatrick Bros. 23

do av 70 at $8.25, 3 sheep av 100 at $4,

1 buck weighing 160 at $2, 5 sheep av

120 at $4, 50 lambs av 65 at $8.25.



Spicer, M. & R. sold Mich. B. Co. 38

yearlings av 90 at $6, 3 lambs av 65 at

$7, 7 sheep av 108 at $3.75, 3 do av 88 at

$2.50, 6' do av 105 at $3.25; to Sullivan

P, Co. 8 lambs av 68 at $7.50.



Roe Com. Co. sold Mich. B. Co. 40

lambs av 63 at $8; to Sullivan P. Co. 11

mixed av 88 at $5; to Thompson 21 sheep

av 105 at $3.50, to Harland 23 lambs av

67 at $7.75; to Thompson 4 sheep av 100

at $3, 20 lambs av 65 at $5; to Mich. B.

Co. 7 sheep av 110 at $4.



Sandal] & T. sold Mich. B. Co. 4 sheep

av 78 at $4.50.



Gonong sold same 19 lambs av 60 at $6.



Haley sold same 2 sheep av 180 at $3.

9 do av 110 at $3.50, 96 lambs av 60 at

$7.50, 19 do av 65 at $6, 39 mixed av 70

at $5, 25 sheep av 100 at $4.25.



Johnson sold Newton B. Co. 1 buck

weighing 150 at $3, 14 sheep av 90 at $4,

30 lambs av 68 at $7.50.



Waterman sold Thompson 1 buck

weighing 100 at $2.50, 3 lambs av 65 at

$7.25, 4 Sheep av 130 at $3.50.



Vl'agner sold Sullivan P, Co. 5 lambs

av 70 at $8.



Morse sold Young 4 sheep av 90 at

$3.50, 11 lambs av 80 at $7.





Hogs. ,



Receipts, 1,720. Market 10@15c lower

than last week; grass hogs very dull,

quality common.



Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers, $7.50@7.75; pigs, $6.75@7; light york-

ers, $7@7.50; stags, 1/3 off.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S. &





CO. 166 av 170 at $7.65, 1.50 av 155 at

$7.60, 90 av 145 at $7.50, 40 av 180 at



$7.70, 69 av 150 at $7.35, 44 av 200 at

7.75.





Same sold Newton B. Co. 10 pigs av

124 at $7.25, 23 hogs av 160 at $7.70.



Spiccr, M. & R. sold Parker, W. & Co.

15 av 150 at $7, 94 av 183 at $7.50, 24 av

204 at'$7.60, 34 av 190 at $7.80.



Roe Com. Co. sold same 77 av 191 at

$7.70, 90 av 182 at $7.60, 78 av 183 at

$7.50, 10 av 212 at $7.80.



Bishop, B. &'H. sold Sullivan P. Co.

110 av 195 at $7.85. .





 





Friday's Market.

July 2, 1909.

Cattle.





The run of cattle at the Michigan Cen-

tral yards Friday was very light and

the few arrivals brot steady Thursday’s

prices. A few good steers were bot by

the Sullivan Packing Co. for $6 a hund-

red, which was top of the market for





the week. Milch cows and ‘springers are

steady.

We quote: Extra dry-fed steers and





heifers, $575496; steers and heifers, 1,000

to 1,200, $5625.25; steers and heifers, 800

to 1,000, $25615; grass steers and heif»

ers that are fat, 800 to 1,000, $425695;

grass steers and heifers that are fat. 500

to 700, $3.75@4.25; choice fat cows, $4.50;

good fat cows, $350584; common cows,

32.50653: canners. $1.75@2.25; choice

heavy bulls, $3.75@4; fair to good bolog—

gas. bulls, $3.50; stock bulls, $3fil325;

choice feeding steers, 800 to 1,000, $45069

4.75; fair feeding steers, 800 to 1,000. $4

(/0450; choice stockers. 500 to 700, 34.2569





4.50, fair stockers, 500 to 700, $375484;

stock heifers. $3693.50: milkers, large,

young. medium age, $4061)” common





milkcrs, $20@30.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Bresnahan 1 bull

weighing 1.620 at $4: to Sullivan P. Co.

5 do av 1.080 at $3.60, 1 cow weighing

850 at $2.75, 3 steers av 1,110 at $5.85, 3

do av 926 at $5.25, 1 do weighing 780 at

$4.50, 1 bull weighing 1,410 at $4, 2 steers

:iv 1,315 at $6. 3 cOWs av 1.010 at $3.75.

2 do av 825 at $3.25, 1 do weighing 750 at

$2.50. 1 do weighing 920 at $4, 2 steers

av 865 at $5.



Veal Calves.



The. veal calf trade, quality considered,



was steady with Thursday.





Best grades, $7697.20; th . .

@675. __ 0 ers, $3.75



Bishop, B. & H. sold Markowitz 11 av

168 at $7.20, 1 weighing 210 at $5.





tT$u70ke sold Parker, W. & CO. 16 av 140

a .



Bishop, B. & H. sold same 6 av 150

at $7.





Sheep and Lambs.



_The sheep and lamb trade was steady

With Thursday. Drovers are cautioned

against buying common old sheep and

grassy stuff. as no one wants them here

and they are watched closely by the in«

spectors and quite a number are con—

demned by them.



Best lambs, $8; fair to good lambs, $6.50

@725: light to common lambs, $4.50@5;

yearlings, 36.756117; fair to good sheep.

$4694.25; culls and common. 82.507173.



Luckc sold Parker, W. & Co. 2 sheep





_ THE MIéH-IGAN. FARMER. '





 





 





1





1'





av 135 at $3.50, 10 lambs av 60 at $7.50,

5 do av 68 at $6.50.

Hogs.



The hog trade was steady to strong at

Thursday’s prices. Gnove Spencer, of

Ypsilanti, had a double deck load of good

ones on hand that Bishop, Bullen &

Holmes sold to Parker, W. Co. for





$7.80, which was top of market this

week.



Light to good butchers, $7.60@7.80;

pigs, $6.75@7; light yorkers, $7.25@7.50,

stags, 174 off.





Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S. &

C0. 25 av 180 at $7.75, 150 at 195 at $7.80,

56 av 170 at $7.70. '



Same sold Sullivan P. Co. 8 av 135 at

$7.25, 50 av 120 at $7.





 





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





 





Live-stock arrivals at seven leading

primary markets during the month or

May totaled 2,896,767 head, compared

with 3,292,809 and 3,232,066‘head received

at the same markets during May, 1907

and 1908. Of the total receipts 591,368

head were c ttle; 75,575 calves; 1,698,919

hogs; 509,199 sheep, and 21,706 head

horses and mules. The total number of

cars used in handling this inbound move-

ment was 51,927, compared with 60,356

and 52,990 cars reported for May, 1907

and 1908, respectively. The total inbound

live-stock movement for the first five

months of the year, 16,128,901 head, was

below the corresponding 1907 and 1908

totals of 16,850,209 and 17,561,832 head,

the ‘largest reduction bcing shown in the

receipts of hogs. With the exception of

St. Louis all the large markets show

losses in receipts for the first five months,

as compared with corresponding figures

for the preceding year.



Live-stock receipts at four principal

Atlantic seaboard cities for the month,

677,828 head, were also below the like

total for May, 1908, 707,601 head, the

loss being due, however, exclusively to the

smaller number of hogs received. The

total receipts for the five months of the

current year, 3,685,859 head, were like~

wise below the 1908 total of 3,981,126 head,

both cattle and hog figures being lower

for the five-month period than a year ago.



The shipments of packing-house pro-

ducts from Chicago, 176,875,044 pounds,

show but a slight change from the May,

1908, record, but were 11 per cent below

the May, 1907, total. As compared with

the May, 1908, figures, large decreases

are shown in the shipments of fresh beet,

canned meats and lard, while the quan-

tities of cured meats, pickled beef and

pork shipped were larger than a year

ago. The total shipments for .the cumu-

lative period ending May, 833,120,860

pounds, were about 200 million and 150

million pounds short of the corresponding

1907 and 1908 figures, mainly because of

the smaller shipments of fresh beef and

lard. The shipments of canned meats,

16,893.675 pounds, owing partly to the

smaller export demand, show a decrease

of almost 50 per cent as compared with

the. corresponding 1908 figures.



These hot summer days render ship-

ments of big, heavy ,hogs ticklish business

at the best, and where extra precautions

are not adopted by country shippers heavy

losses are the rule rather than the ex-

ccption. Overloading cars at such a

pcriod is disastrous, and recent arrivals

in Chicago and other western markets

have included many dead hogs. It is a

good idea to defer such shipments when

it is extremely hot, and it is well to clean

out curs curcfully and to put in clcan

straw, besides hanging a lump of ice from

the top of the car. The hogs should be

watered often and sprinklcd with a hosc.

\thn hogs climb up to $8 per 100 lbs.

they are, valuable property.



Firms at the. Chicago Stockyards that

have taken great prido in bcing early sclr

lcrs of stock, thereby getting me full

bcnofit of a good “fill" and avoiding :1

big Shrink, were a good deal disappointed

during recent hot days when cattle, buv-

crs held back, evidently purposely, in

order to prchnt sellers from getting such

benefits. And this was done on, days

whcn the cattle receipts were what in

rcccnt ycars would have been looked upon

as small, but at this time an approach

to ordinarily good supplies would result

ill a quick slump in values. It is simply

a case of beef retailing in the meat mark-

cts of the country at unusually high

prices and the inability of large numbers

of people to pay the figures askcd.





 





“Bucky" lambs result in enormous

losses cvm'y your to carclcss slim-p

bi‘ccdcrs who nvglcct the important thing





of castrating their ram lambs. More

and more each your buyers discriminate

against what are nown 'to the trade as

“bucky” lambs, and it socms a great, pity

that owncrs should stand in their own

light, for it is no more difficult to cas~





tratc a lamb than a calf or a pig. When

the lamb is lrimmcd it becomes much

more dt‘sll‘ilhle for the dressed meat





trade, for the buck lambs begin to de—

velop coarseness when two and a half

months of ago, and thereafter they bin

comc large and course. in frame and very

thin in flesh, causing them to be placed

in the coil grade when offcred in the

market. The most successful brccdcrs

never fail to castrate their native lambs,

knowing that in the late summer buckv

lambs have to be sold at least $1 per 100

lbs. under prices readily obtained for

choice trimmed lambs.





 





Great Faith in Absorbine.





E. S. Jenkins, Center Point, Ind..

writes: “Have been using your Absorb—

ine for two years with great success for

contracted tendons, lumps, swellings, etc.

Find a horse that had been lame for 18

months with strained tendons of the left

leg, and two and one—half bottles of Ab-

sorbine cured him. If you do not al-

ready have one of my free booklets, write

at once. You can procure the remedy

at your druggist’s, or sent postpaid upon

receipts of $2.00. W. F. Young, P. D.

F., 268 Temple Street, Springfield, Mass;





. as, » aimfim in. ..~...-- mm w‘hf-«anfl a.Mm.um.—w





‘ (11) 31





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WILL TRADE for FARM ill IIIIY





PROPERTY. STANDARD BRED YOUNG

TROTTING STA 1.1.1011. record 236%. none of

tools are over 3 years old, they are a fine lot all of

them. He is a sure foal getter and a very handsome

horse. Box 2. Michigan Farmer. Detroit, Mich.





FARMS Illll mm lAllllS

run SALE on EXBHINGE ,





SELL FARMS IN OCEANA, the best county

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I I

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beautiful scenes, send four cents In stamps. Dept. J.

Northwestern Publicity Bureau, Rock Springs. Wyo.





3"

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Michigan Lands





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





sEND for my free 32-page illustrated booklet

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TIIE FARMER’S WEALTH





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:5

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,V I ._'__ .





 





   





SOLID COIN SILVER I





DEPE'NDS UPON HER MILK FLOW.

That’s a self-evident proposition; but how

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touts? Then again, how about the hard

milkers? Do you not waste valuable time

with them? And time is money. Remedy

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vcr milking tubes. which we will send

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the United States or «Canada on receipt of





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2% inch, each .................... 67C

3% inch, each .................... 78c

13% inch, each .................... 92c

41,4 inch. each .................... $1





. .05

THE MICHIGAN FARMER. Detroit.
32 7 on - .

“GRANGE;





Our Motto—“The Farmer 13 of more

consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved."





 





 





 





THE OUTDOOR MEETINGS.

__I_—.



The Grange, in many country neigh-

borhoods, has become to the social, edu-

cational and business life of the com-

munity what social clubs, fraternal so-

cieties and business men’s organizations

are to the towns and cities. Every

Grange should be capable of assuming

such leadership, and there is no season

at which this function can be performed

with better advantage to the Grange and

to all who should be interested in its

efforts to promote better agricultural

conditions than during what was for—

merly considered the dull or inactive

part of the Grange year. Outdoor meet-

ings, variously designated as Grange

rallies, field days and picnics have ran-

idly become popular the past few years.

and such is the pleasure and benefit

derived from these meetings that it is

ilroped no Grange in Michigan will allow

the present season to pass without par-

ticipating in at least one such event.

State Ma-ster Hull announces that the

August rallies will be conducted along

the same general lines that have proven

so successful in years past. A large

number of able workers and speakers are

at the disposal of the Granges, and while

the Pomonas should take the lead in the

promotion of rallies and field day meet-

ings, delay or failure on their part should

not deter individual Granges from pro-

moting and assisting in the holding of

outdoor gatherings in their respective

communities. Such meetings should be

public in character and 'well advertised.

The Farmer will be pleased to reccive

early notice of dates ofyall such mcct—

ings; also of Grange fairs and crop con»

test meetings.





 





OUR NEW GRANGES.





III.—The Master’s Part.





The master of a new Grange usually

has much to learn. This is saying noth—

ing to his discredit, but rather increases

the honor of his selection for the offiCc,

for it emphasizes the dignity and the

possibilities of the new organization in

which he has been made leader.



He will find emergencies where he must

decide and act with promptncss and firm-

ness, yet being mindful of many persons

and conditions. He will early see the

need of studying how to dispatch business

with due discrimination between essential

and non—essential details. He will find

great help in this matter by establishing

the precedent of calling the Grange to

order on time and by assigning much

minor work to committees. By using

committees, two desirable ends are at-

tained; in the first place, specific duties

are thus given certain persons to attend

to, and in the second place, the Grange

will usually need to give only a fraction

of time to the committee’s report that

would be required to spend upon tho

whole matter.



The master’s position is cxecutive. His

duty is to see that details are attended

to by the proper Officers or appointed per»-

sons, rather than to do them himself.

The master is best of the Grange, as it

were. If he cordially greets each arrival

when the members are gathering and

otherwise looks out for their social en-

joyment and comfort. he is fulfilling the

social duties of his office in spirit as well

as in truth.



The wise new master will consult often

with the lecturer, make helpful sugges-

tions, lend counsel in planning work of

the lecture hour and stand ready to as~

sist in carrying it out. An attentive,

sympathetic master is a lccturcr's most

valuable assistant in times whcn discus-

sions lag and failures occur. Even in so

small a matter as the calling of the roll,

if the lecturer can depend upon the

prompt and hearty response of the master

to lead off the program, there is strength

given the lecture hour by this seemingly

trifling part. He will endeavor always to

arrange business transactions of the

Grange so as not to encroach upon a

definite space of time for lecture work at

each meeting. When there is initiation

he will try to have a little time left for

a brief program.



The new master will do well to care-

fully guard the Grange against encourag-

ing foolish enterprises or endorsing im-

practicable schemes. Conservatism and





 





   





deliberate consideratiou of all projects has

marked the course .of this Order in which

he now holds responsible. office. This

course no doubt accounts in large part

for its perpetuity and progress. The mas-_

ter will desire and earnestly" seek to foster

trade relations in the Grange, since these

advantages attract many who are not

yet drawn by other features. He should

be ambitious along these lines to bring

benefits of financial co-operation to all

the members. ‘

Thus the master finds that his honors

bring many new responsibilities.

JENNIE BUELL.





 





 





THE GRANGE IN OTHER STATES.

Oregon State Grange.



Oregon Patrons hold their state meeting

during the early summer and the one

recently held at McMinnvilIe snowed the

organization in good condition and its

members alive to the interests of the

class they represent. Questions of great

moment to the farmers of the state were

handled in a vigorous but intelligent way

which indicated that the organization is

in shape to make its influence felt on

matters of legislation. The .Oklahoma

bank guarantee law was the subject of

a warm debate which ended in the execu-

tive committee being instructed to en-

deavor to have the matter submitted to

the initiative at the next general elec-

tion. The Grange went on record as

vigorously opposed to the bill providing

for a constitutional convention, one of

the provisions of which is that the new

constitution shall go into effect without

being submitted to the people, which

would probably mean the ab. shment of

the present initiative, referendum and

recall statute. On educational matters

the Grange took advanced ground, in-

dorsing a plan for the establishment of

district training schools in connection

with high schools as preparatory to en-

tering a central normal school, and recom-

mending ample appropriations from the

state for its agricultural college. The.

fifth and‘sixt‘h degrees were conferred

upon large classes and Oregon City was

selected as the next meeting place.



A New State Grange.



South Dakota organized a State Grange

in April when representatives from the

16 subordinate Granges recently organ-

ized in that state met at Broiokings, the

seat of the state’s agricultural college.

Chas. B. Hoyt, of Dempster, was elected

master, Mr. Hoyt having been instru—

mental in developing Grange interest and

in getting the order planted in South

Dakota. At this first meeting the sixth

degree was conferred upon 45 candidates.

Three Grange ileld meetings have since

been held in the state which have been

responsible for awakening the interest of

the farmers to a. remarkable degree. The

first one was held June 4 at Brookings in

connection with the annual farmers’ ex-

cursion. National Master Bachclder,

President Slagle of S. D. Agricultural

College and Prof. Holden, the corn expert,

of Iowa Agricultural College. were the

speakers. The second meeting was at

\Vellsburg, Stanley Co., 150 miles west

of Brookings, and 30 miles from a rail-

road station. The third was at Draper,

Lyman county, 100 miles south of \Vells-

burg. National Master Bachelder spoke

at all these meetings.





 





A PLEASANT GRANGE RALLY.

“And what is so rare as a day in June?



Then. if ever. come perfect days.

Then heaven tries the earth, if it be in



tune



And over it softly her warm ear lays,

And whether we look, or whether we



listen,

~We hear life murmur, or see it glisten."



June 25th was the day chosen by Pleas-

ant View Grange, Mecosta Co., for their

rally. and the writer had been invited

to address the meeting. it was. indeed,

a “perfect day,” and before noon a goodly

number had gathercd to partake of a

typical Grange dinner in the woods.



Three months ago the young people of

Fern Grange organized a band. They

were present and contributed their full

share to the success of the meeting. This

band, organized for so short a time and

playing so well, illustrates what might be

done in many another rural community

if the effort were made.



After a brief local program, “’orthy

Master Eugene Ladner introduced the

speaker. His subject was “The Farm,

the Grange. the State."



Mecogta has been a strong Grange Co.

for years and we trust this rally may

have contributed a little to the success

of the order in that section. Three

Granges were represented and good things

were learnt-d of others whose members

were not prcscnt.-—\V. F. Taylor.





 





 





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





Will Hold Fair.~—Boardman Valley

Grange. Kalkaska county. is arranging

for a Grange fair to be held early in the

fall. It has been suggested that the best

of the exhibits be saved at the close of

the fair and be made a part of the exhibit

at the State Grange in December.



Alton Grange.—State Deputy Wilde or-

ganized a. Grange at the Alton school-

house southwest of Ensign. Delta Co.,

Saturday evening, June 12, with the fol—

lowing ofiicers: Master. Oscar Magnus-

son: overseer, Nels Johnson; lecturer,

Blanche Teinert; steward. Waldemar An—

derson; asst. steward. Erik Hagghlad;

lady asst. steward, \Vilhelmina Magnus-

son; chaplain, Frank Burczikowski; treas-

urer. Joseph Teinert; secretary. Axel

Magnusson; gatekeeper. Henry TIovcr-

camp; Ceres, Louisa Haggblad; Pomona.

Teresa Teinert: Flora, Emma Erickson.



Emmet Co. PomOna held a successful





8.





ms- MICHIGAN,- FARMER.





meeting with Island ,View Grange ‘on

June 11. Its next meeting will be held

with Pickerel Lake Grange, Sept. 24. '





 





COMING EVENTS.

Pomona Meetings.



Bay Co., at Pinconning,

July 13.



Rosford Pomona. (Roscommon Co.), at

Roscommon, Saturday, July 31.



Charlevoix Co., with Maple Grove

Grange, Thursday, Aug. 12.



Picnics and Rallies.



Ingham C0. Pomona will hold its annual

picnic at the Agricultural College, Friday.

August 6.



Kent Co. Pomona Grange :will hold a

farmers’ picnic in Byron township, Kent

00., Wednesday, August 25. Fourth and

fifth degree session with Carlisle Grange

in the evening. Master N. P. Hull, state

speaker.





E FARMERS’ owns]





OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIA-

TION OF FARMERS CLUBS.





President—A. L. Chandler, Owosso.



Vice-President—Mrs. Clara L. French,

Pompeii.



Secretary—Mrs. W. L. Cheney, Mason.



Treasurer—D. K. Hanna, Caro.



Corresponding Secretary—Clayton Cook,

Owosso. .



Directors—D. M. Beckwith, Howell; D.

M. Garner, Davisburg; T. B. Halladay,

Norvell; E. C. Hallock, Almont; B. A.

Holden, VVixom; Wm. Marks, Fair

Haven.



Address all correspondence relative to

the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. W.

L. Cheney, Mason, Mich.





Tuesday,





 





 





Associational Motto.—

The skillful hand, with cultured mind,

is the farmer’s most valuable asset.





 





ASsocIatlonaI Sentiment.—

The farmer; he garners from the soil

the primal wealth of nations.





THE FARMERS’ CLUB—ITS PAST,

PRESENT AND FUTURE,





 





The Farmers’ Club movement is no

longer in its infancy in Michigan. Some

of the pioneer organizations of the kind

have been in existece in our state for

nearly forty years. Our state Association

of Farmers’ Clubs has held its sixteenth

annual meeting, and the number of local

clubs in the state has “gradually, tho

slowly incrcuscd from year to year With-

out the impctus (if paid organizers or con—

siderable outside influence of any kind.

The fact that the growth of the Farmers’

Club movement in Michigan has been

spontaneous, and that the organizations,

both local and state, have survived.a sea-

son of the greatest prosperity which the

agricultural industry of the country has

ever experienced is sufficient evidence of

their permanence. The good which has

been accomplished thru the medium of this

organization cannot well be estimated.

Its influence in state affairs has been

potent, and its beneficial effects upon the

community life where these local organi-

zations exist has been plain, but perhaps

the greatest good has been wrot in the

individual members of the organization,

who have benefited both economically,

socially and intellectually from their

membership in the Farmers‘ Club and

the part which they have taken in its

activities.



Those who are familiar with the early

history of the Farmers‘ Club movcmcnt

in Michigan will remember that the

Farmers’ Club which is creditcd with

being the pioneer in this iicld in Michigan

met for some years in the directors’

room of a bank located at the county seat

of one of our most prosperous agricul-

tural counties, where prominent farmers

and business men discussed affairs or

mutual interest to them. Later the scope

of this organization was extended, and a.

few others sprung up in different parts





of the state, until finally these few scuts‘





tering organizations were handed to-

gether into a state organization, and the

movement kept growing until it reached

its present proportions and became a per-

manent institution of recognized and

undoubted value to its membership and

the state at large thru the wholesome

influence which the local clubs exerted

in the several communities where these

organizations exist and in the state at

large thru the prestige given the move-

ment by its state organization.



\Vhile Michigan is undoubtedly ,the

pioneer state in Farmers’ Club work, yet

from time to time news has come to us

from other states of similar organiza—

tions which are working along practically

the same lines in a local way as are our

local Farmers’ Clubs. Some of these, we

believe, have been the direct result of

the work done here, which has been given

publicity in other states thru the medium

of the Farmers’ Club Department of the





'\ i

m “-2 1021-909."





Michigan Farmer._ Such: reports have

come to us from as far past as Maine and "

as, far south as Virginia, while several

inquiries touching the work in Michigan

have come to hand from the states of the

central west._ If the movement proves

as popular in these sections as ltvhas' in

Michigan, the Farmers’ Club will become

one of the institutions of the country,

and progressive farmers everywherei'will

be generally identified with an organiza-

tion of this kind. One of the greatest

features of the Farmers' Club is its

adaptability to local conditions and needs,

which a more closely bonded organiza-

tion lacks. The organization may be var-

ied and conducted to meet the varied

economic, social and educational needs of

the local community. There is no one

to dictate with regard to its plan of

organization and conduct. This fact, to-

gether with the free and open character

of the meetings makes the Farmers’ Club

an ideal organication for the promotion

of the best interests of any local com-

munity without detracting from the effi—

ciency of the associated work, as has

been clearly demonstrated in Michigan.

For these reasons the future of the

Farmers’ Club movement is bright, not

alone in Michigan, but as well in other

states where the plan of organization has

been introduced. It is a noteworthy fact

that where the work is once established

there it remains and growa The farm

communities in Michigan that are not

now enjoying the benefits and pleasures

to be derived from an active Farmers’

Club are missing an opportunity which

should not be allowed to pass. There is

no better way of getting the people in

any neighborhood interested in the Farm-

ers’ Club proposition, than by the holding

of a picnic meeting for the organization

of one, and the after harvest season is

the most fitting time of all the year for

such an enterprise. Try it, kind readers,

if you are not already enrolled on the

membership of a prosperous and pro-

gressive Farmers’ Club.





 





.CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





Organize Breeders’ Association.——Pri-

marily thru the efforts of the Grosse Ile

Farmers’ Club an organization of great

economic import to the members of the

Club, and to every resident of the. island

who is interested in agriculture, has

been launched. This organization is to

be known as the Grosse lie Guernsey-

Brecders’ Association, a co—operative or-

ganization, whose aim and object will be

the improvement of the cattle of the is-

land along specific lines, and the pro-

motion of the breed selected by common

consent until 'all of the cattle on the

island shall be of this one breed, mak—

ing it, if possible, a second Guernsey

island, which shall become a recognized

headquarters for this great Dairy Breed

in Michigan. \Vith the assistance of Mr.

\V’. F. Raven, field agent of the Mich-

igan Agricultural College in the promo-

tion of organizations of this kind, the

preliminary arrangements had already

been completed by the interested'mem—

bers of the Farmers’ Club, and after a.

tour of the Island in the afternoon

the breeders' association was formally

organized and after it is incorporated

under the laws of the state, one or more

pure—bred Guernsey sires of known merit

will be purchased for the improvement

of the cattle of the island. In the eve-

ning a public meeting was held under the

auspices of the Farmers’ Club, at which

the possibilities of this new association

were discussed by Prof. Shaw, Director

of the Michigan Experimentt Station and

Dean of the Agricultural Department at

M. A. (1., Mr. Raven, field agent of the

college, and I. R. Waterbury, a member

of the State Board of Agriculture and

Editor of the Michigan Farmer, who

had been invited to attend the meeting

for the purpose. These gentlemen spoke

on different phases of the extension work

of the college along the line of organizing‘

co-operative breeders’ associations, etc.

l’rof_ Shaw going into different phases

of experimental work at the college, Mr.

Raven talking on the practical phases of

the field work which he has done in or-

ganizing more than a score of similar

organizations thruout Michigan, and Mr.

\Vaterhury speaking of the attitude of

the State Board in regard to this kind

of extension work and from his experience

as a breeder of live stock. Unfortu-

nately, an inopportune storm limited the

attendance at this meeting, but this was

more than counterbalanced by the inter-

est and enthusiasm exhibited by those

who were present. The Island alreadv

has a fine herd of Guernseys founded by

Mr. Scott, whose superb plant was vis-

ited in the afternoon by a party includ-

ing the invited guests of the Club above

mentioned, as well as a number of other

fine farms and points of interest on

Grosse Ile, and the government work on

the new channel at the Lime Kiln Cros-

sing, just off the island. Further details

of this latest work of the Grosse Ile

Farmers’ Club, and the benefits which

will be derived from it by the residents

of the Island will be given in future is-

sues, but it is a safe prediction that the

new undertaking will be successfully con-

summated, and that the outcome will

prove a valuable object lesson to other

club communities of the state, as have

some of the other special features of club

work undertaken by this progressive 0r-

ganization. \ ‘





 





   





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





a... ,
Y‘V-‘y'v,v"vv yvyyvvvvvvvvvr‘y





 





   





" , i. :L mYm‘H





THE WOMAN WHO DARED.





 





 





 





‘3": 'HILDA RICHMOND.



~“lift-s. Rome! You don’t dare to do

such a thing!" cried Mrs. Gerhold with

uplifted hands. “I can't believe it!"



“Yes, I do dare!” said the little woman

in front (if a big trunk, on her knees.

“You’ll see! Why shouldn’t I take a.

vacation as well as Cousin Laura?”



“Well, there is no reason why you

shouldn't, but I wouldn't dare go to visit

my stylish relatives. Of course, they ask

me every time they come out here for

the summer, but I know they don’t mean

it. You’ll back out, see if you don't.”



“Indeed I won't," said Mrs. Rome posi-

tively. ”Cousin Laura has visited us

every summer for five years, and now I’m

going to return some of them. John can

board with Mrs. Lake and I’ll take the

children along. I may stay a week and

I may stay three. It all depends. Ifm

going sight seeing and shopping and do

exactly as I please.” ‘



“I wish I had your courage,” sighed

Mrs. Gerhold. “Dear me! I’ve been

bothered to death with company these

many years, but I don't know how to

escape. Are—are you going in the

hope of—"



“Yes, I am," laughed Mrs. Rome. “‘I’m

tired of being imposed upon, and I'm

going to show Laura what it is to have

three people plumped down upon her in

the busy season. She is doing her spring

sewing now, and I hope it will duly im-

press her if she has to cook for company

a while."



“I‘ll see you home before the week is

out," said Mrs. Gerhold confidently.

“You’ll get tired of a city flat and. want

to come back to your nice comfortable

home."



”Maybe I will,“ said Mrs. Rome, “but

you won’t see me back in a week. “I’m

going to have a good vacation before har-

vest time.”



The next day Mrs. Rome and her two

children, alighted before the apartment

building her friend lived in, and speedily

mafdegfiseilffiknown. “How do you do,

cousin any!” said Mrs. Manton in sur-

prise. f‘VVhy didn’t you let us know you

‘weref’cor’ningl 'How glad I am to have

you‘and the children with us for a little

visit." To herself Mrs. Manton was say-

ing that they would only stay a day or

two, of course, so she must do everything

in her power to make them comfortable.

The memory of the happy days spent at

the fine farm house inspired her to do

her best, as well as the thot that summer

would soon be here again. The last of

March is very close to summer, so the

Romes received a cordial welcome.



“Why didn’t Cousin John come, too?”

inquired Mrs. Manton, taking off their

wraps. “Fred will be so disappointed.”



“We couldn’t both leave home very

well,” explained Mrs. Rome. “John will

take a fishing trip later in the spring and

we will look after things at home.”



“I’ll hurry and get lunch,” said Mrs.

Manton, “so we can go out this after-

noon. VVe must not lose a minute.”



The afternoon proved to be rather damp

so they went shopping. The Manton chil-

dren stayed with the maid, but the Rome

children were eager to see the sights.

Fred and Fanny Manton knew what it

was to trail wearily past piles and piles

of goods waiting for their mother to make

her purchases, but the Rome children

were unused to such things and eager to

go everywhere. Mrs. Rome enjoyed the

stores very much, and bot a great many

necessary things, together with patterns

to make them up by.



“Just think, Fred,” said Mrs, Manton

when her husband came home that night,

“Cousin Mary and the children are here

to spend a few days with us! After all

the times we’ve asked them, to think

they would tear themseves from their

delightful country home at last.”



Mr. Manton shook hands cordially.

Having company cramped them consider-

ably, and just now everything in the way

of food supplies was high, but he also

had pleasant recollections of the farm

house and tried to be as friendly as

possible:



The next morning Mrs. Manton had

her plans carefully laid, but they did not

work out as she ,anticipatel. “I am

going to be busy this morning, Cousin

Mary, with the girl in the kitchen, but

you won’t mind going to the museum

alone, will you? It is only a short dis-

tance from here.”



‘Wow don't you worry rbit about me,





 





   





 





f Inna '





and some other day we can go sight see-

ing. It will be such an opportunity for

me, because at home I have my ’house-

work and everything to hinder me. I

expect to get a great deal done while I

am here.”



Before they started out that afternoon

a caller came, and Mrs. Rome was duly

introduced. “Bring your friend with you

'to our thimble party for the Orphans’

Home," said the caller cordially. “Mrs.

Rome, a number of ladies meet each

month to sew for the children, and we

will be glad to have you with us. The

meeting is next Thursday afternoon at

my house, and I hope you can attend with

Mrs. Manton.”



“Thank you! I shall be glad to be with

you, if Cousin Laura goes,” said Mrs.

Rome, politely.



Mrs. Manton managed to be sufl‘iciently

cordial about the invitation, but that

night she said despairingly to her hus-

band, “Fred, if you’ll believe it, Mary

and the children intend to stay all next

week. Mrs. Oaks asked her to come to

her thimble party for the Orphans’ Home

next Thursday, and she accepted. She

sews every morning and seems to make

herself right at home." .



“Well, you were out there several

weeks last summer," said Mr. Manton,





w“so I suppose we’ll have to endure it. I





tell you, Laura, expenses are mounting

up rapidly since there are three more

to provide for. I won’t be’sorry when

they go home.”



“Neither will I,” said Mrs, Manton with

energy. “In the country it's different for

things don’t cost anything there, but

where we have to buy every mouthful

it is very hard. Cousin Mary "can have

company and never miss the things they

eat, but we can’t. It seems strange, she

is so inconsiderate.”



“I’m getting tired sleeping on a lounge,"

said Mr. Manton, forgetting that when

he visited his country relatives they had

been inconvenienced also. But make the

best of it, Laura, for they surely won’t

stay away from home more than ten

days.” .



Mrs. Manton made ready for the thimble

party in no pleasant mood. She was not

zfihamed of Mrs. Rome, for that lady

had bot a pretty jacket suit for herself

since coming to the city, and all her

garments were trim and well fitting, but

she had heard nothing about when they

would go home and was more than wor-

ried. The'inaid in the kitchen had given

notice and the bills were piling up, so she

felt that troubles were not coming singly

to her. She forgot all about the picnics

and socials to which her country relatives

had taken her, as well as the little

thimble party given in her honor on her

cousin’s lawn the summer before, and

Mrs. Rome could plainly see that it was

not a “headache” that made her silent

that afternoon.



“How do you do, Mrs. Rome?” said

Mrs. Oaks, greeting 'her guests at the

door. “I am very glad‘ to see you.”



The ladies fell to work and Mrs. Rome

found herself established in a corner with

her cousin on one side and a pretty, talk-

ative lady on the other, who chattered

more than she sewed. “So you are from

the country?” she said, rather patron-

izingly. “I just adore the country in

summer, but in the winter it must be

very lonely. Is this your first visit to

town? \Vhat do you think of the shops

and sights?”



When Mrs. Rome found an opportunity

to reply, she said quietly, “Yes, this is

my first visit to town for a number of

years, but I am having such a good time

that it will not be the last. Cousin Laura

usually spends the summer with me, and

for the past five years has been coaxing

me to visit her, but this is the first time

I felt that I could get away. It gives me

so many opportunities to shop and sew

since I have no housework on my hands.”





“Isn’t that an ideal‘arrangement?” said

the talkative lady. “It gives Mrs. Man-

ton a glimpse of country life and now

you are taking a taste of town pleasures.

I think I have found out one of Mrs.

Manton's secrets this afternoon. I had

lunch with her one day and she had

such delicious cherry preserves. I told

her she was extravagant to buy cherries

when they were such ruinous prices as

they were last year, and now I guess that

she put them up at your home.”



Mrs. Manton felt provoked, but she had

to answer with a smile, "How clever you

are, Mrs. Alton. Yes, I' did put up some

fruit when I was with Cousin Mary, be-

cause it is so cheap down there. Every-

thing in the country is as free as air,

while We poor town residents have to pay





 





   





, « IGAN .FARMER.

I 7 Cousin ’La-ura," said‘Mrs. Rome heartily.

"“I- intend to spend the morning sewing





highest prices. - I quite envy Cousin. Mary

because shenever has to count the cost

of anything. Fruit and vegetables and

cream are as abundant with her as water,

and she never has to worry over grocers’

bills or the meat account, as we do.”



“Well, I don’t know about that,” said

Mrs. Rome. “The cherries we sold last

summer brot us twelve cents a quart, and

all our surplus cream and vegetables we

can dispose of at good prices. Really,

we do have to count the cost to a great

extent, for we have less ready money

than town folks. We have our groceries

'to buy, just as you do, and our meat in

summer when we do not care to use

ham and poultry. Our meat bill last

summer was rather high, we thot, for

when city prices go up, the prices go up

in the country, too.”



“That is just what I was saying,” said

Mrs. Manton. “Everything you sell

brings a good price and you still have

plenty for yourself. Just think, Mrs.

Alton, of having unlimited quantities of

strawberries and other fruits from spring

to fall! I often think that Cousin Mary

doesn‘t appreciate her many blessings.”



“How long are you going to stay in

town, Mrs. Rome?” asked Mrs. Alton, and

Mrs. Manton fairly held her breath.



”I don’t know,” said Mrs“ Rome care-

lessly. “John writes that I must stay

till I have my visit out, as he is getting

along very well, so there is nothing to

hurry me home. The busy work for

farmers’ wives comes in hot weather, so

I have time enough yet to make up for

my vacation. Every summer we have

harvest hands and canning and little

chickens and all sorts of extra things on

our hands, and it is simply impossible to

get hired help. I often wish I could put

of harvest time and haying till cold

weather when I have more leisure time,

but everything comes during the hot

days.”



“That is what I have always heard

about farm life,” said Mrs. Alton. “Peo-

ple have told me that the women on the

farms are overworked in summer and

that they are broken down and old before

they are forty. I think, after all, Mrs.





 





Manton, that we are well off in town,

even if we do have to put up with incon-

veniences in the way of heavy expenses

and poor fruits.”



“Cousin Mary never seemed overworked

to me," said Mrs. Manton, coldly. “Con-

ditions are different in the country. The

farmer’s wife never has ”the trouble of

going to market and she isn’t bothered

with calls to the door as we are. Of

course, I couldn’t be happy to live in the

country, but people who have been brot

up there think it is all right.”



“Do you find it lonely there in sum-

mer?" inquired Mrs. Alton. “The reason

I ask is because Mr. Alton and I are talk-

ing of boarding in the country this sum-

mer for the sake of the children, and I

want to find out everything I can about

it before I go.”



“No, I can‘t say that I do,” said Mrs.

Manton. “I am always busy with can—

ning and sewing and looking after the

children, so I have not much time to be

lonely."



Perhaps you know of some one in

your neighborhood who takes summer

boarders, Mrs. Rome,” said lllrs. Alton.

“it certainly would be pleasant to be

near Mrs. Manton and you all summer.

What time did you go out last year,

Mrs. Manton?”



“I don't think of anyone who takes

boarders just now,” said Mrs. Rome.

“Cousin Laura came in June last year and

stayed till school opened in September.”





“0, I couldn't afford to stay that long,"

said Mrs. Alton. “All the people we have

heard from charge live or live and a

half dollars per week for grown people

and two—thirds for children as old as

Ours. Just think what that would mount

up to in three months! Mrs. Manton,

you are exceedingly fortunate to have

Mrs. Rome for a cousin. I‘Vhy, if you

had to pay board for yourself and chil-

dren it would cost an awful lot.”



Before the afternoon wore away Mrs.

Manton felt she must burst out crying





so thoroly provoked and discouraged was?

shc. Il’lrs. Alton chatter-ed on and on“





about the country and high prices, until

it seemed she must scream out that she

wanted rest and quiet. Mrs. Rome

blandly told one and all the ladies she

met that she. was having a delightful

time, and did not know when she would

go home. It seemed to Mrs. Manton that

she would gladly stay all summer in her

narrow apartments if she would be forced

to entertain her country relatives many‘

times. i



“Yes, indeed, I am having a good time,”

Mrs. Rome said pleasantly .to her new





.(10 33





AN OLD TIMER





Has Had Experiences.





 





A woman who has used Postum since

it came upon the market knows from

experience the wisdom of using Postum

in place of coffee if one values health

and a clear brain. She says:



“At the time Postum was first put

on the market I was suffering from

nervous dyspepsia, and my physician

had repeatedly told me not to use tea

or coffee. Finally I decided to take his

advice and try Postum. I got a pack-

age and had it carefully prepared,

finding it delicious to the taste. So I

continued its use and very soon its

beneficial effects convinced me of its

value, for I got well of my nervousness

and dyspepsia.



“My husband had been drinking coffee

all his life until it had affected his nerves

terribly, and I persuaded him to shift

to Postum. It was easy to get him to

make the change for the Postum is so

delicious. It certainly worked wonders

for him.



“We soon learned that Postum does

not exhilarate or depress and does not

stimulate, but steadily and honestly

strengthens the nerves and the stom-

ach. .



“To make a long story short, our entire

family continued to use Postum with

satisfying results as shown in our fine

condition of health and we have noticed

a rather unexpected improvement in

brain and nerve power.”



Increased brain and nerve power al-

ways follows thc use of Postum in place

of coffee, sometimes in a very marked

manner. “There’s a Reason.”



Look in pkgs. for the famous little

book, “The Road to VVellville."





Ever read the above letter? A

new one appears from time to

time. They are genuine. true

and full of human interest.





 





 





 





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have been sold to the consumer

For Thirty-Six Years





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MENTION THE MICHIGAN FARMER when

writing to advortlsen.
34 ~ (14)

acquaintances. “If ‘I had known how de-



lightful it is to have a good long rest, I



should have come long ago. Cousin Laura.



\ often told me how she rested up all sum-'

mer when she was with me, but I was



foolish enough to thinkI should stay



with my housekeeping always. Now that

I am emancipated from that idea, I shall

take a vacation every year. I have been

hoping my husband could get up here for

a week or two before I go home, for

Cousin Fred was so disappointed that he

was not with me, but I don't know

whether he can manage it or not.”



Just three weeks from the day she

arrived at the home of her cousin, Mrs.

Rome went home, and there was general

rejoicing in the tiny home. “I don’t know

whether or not we can get out this sum-

mer, Cousin Mary,” said Mrs. Manton

at parting. “Fred’s mother is not very

well and we may have to stay near her.

She is old and feeble and can not last

much longer."



“Well, drop in if you can." said Mrs.-

Rome. “I came without warning you this

time, for I don’t want you ever to go to

extra work for me. That is what you al-

ways tell me, and I want you to feel just

as free when I visit you. I am so

sorry I never knew before how much good

a vacation does, but it is never too late

to learn. Good-bye!”



Late in June Mrs. Rome sat with a pan

of cherries in her lap, on the back porch,

when Mrs. Gerhold came over to borrow

some yeast. “I’m all beat out looking

after those bad children of Cousin

Kate’s,” she said, dropping on the porch

to fan herself. “They are perfect little

nuisances! By the way, how does it hap-

pen that your Cousin Laura is not with

you this summer? She usually comes

before this.”



“I guess it must be

my vacation with her," said Mrs. Rome,

demurely. “I had a card from her yes-

terday that they would not be here this

summer.”



“\Vell, of all things!" said Mrs. fier—

hold, admiringly. “I wish I dared do that

with Kate. Maybe I‘ll pick up courage

enough to go to see her next winter, but

I won’t promise."



“I hope you’ll have the same success I

did,” laughed Mrs, ltome. “I am heartily

tired of having people visit me simply

to same paying board all summer, and I

have declared my independence. I am

glad I dared, for it paid.”





because I spent





BY CARL S. LO\\'I)EN.





James Fennimore Cooper.



The author of the famous Leather

Stocking series of novels was born Sept.

15th, 1789, at Burlington, New Jersey.



Having completed his education under

a private tutor, Cooper entered Yale Col-

lege in his fourteenth year. Here he

remained three, years, graduated, and be—

came a full—fledged midshipman in the

1’. S, Navy. His life on the broad sea

extended over a period of Six years; at

the end of this time he married. Then

ensued ten years of comparative inac-

tivity. In reality Cooper had observed

very widely, had read much, and was

now thoroly prepared to take up his pen

and to wield it with mighty force.



Thus in 1.921 he published “Precau-

tion,” a novel of ordinary merit. The

next year there appeared “The Spy,"

which took the public by storm. For a,

time he was ranked with Scott, and altho

he did not in truth deserve this distinc-

tion, this novel was his first substantial

success. It having secured him recog-

nition as a foremost man of letters,

Cooper immediately published “The Pie-

neers,” “The Pilot,” “The Last of the

Mohicans,” “The Red Rover,” and “The

Prairie.” These books are widely known;

they represent his best work. In 1827 he

went to Europe, remaining there several

years during which time he wrote much.

After a three years’ consulship abroad,

he returned to America, where he died

September 14, 1.951. The place of his

death was Cooperstown in the state of

New York.



James Fennimore Cooper was our first

American novelist. He had various faults,

but they were not sufficient to hide his

brilliant genius. In all his works there

may be found graphic desei ption, thoro

knowledge, and scenes which appeal be-





cause of their remarkable freshness.

“The Spy” and other novels which he

wrote have been translated into the





modern languages; in view of this fact

it is safe to say that the volumes he

contributed to the world’s library will be

read and appreciated for many years yet

to come. '



Cooper’s best single book is “The Last





     





u,





of the Mohieans.” The following. extract

from it describes the murder of Cora,





the death of Uncas ’(the hero of the tale),





and Hawkeye’s revenge.



“But Cora neither heard nor heeded

his command. The form of the Huron

trembled in every fibre, and he raised his

arm on high, but dropped it again with

a bewildered air, like one who doubted.

Once more he struggled with himself, and

lifted the keen weapon again—but just

then a piercing cry was heard above

them, and Uncas appeared, leaping fran-

tically, from a fearful heigh‘ upon the

ledge. Magua recoiled a step; and one

of his assistants, profiting by the chance,

sheathed his own knife in the bosom

of Cora.



“The Huron sprang like a tiger on his

offending and already retreating country-

man, but the falling form of Uncas sep-

arated the unnatural combatants. Di-

verted from his object by this interrup-

tion, and maddened by the murder he

had just witnessed, Magua buried his

weapon in the back of the prostrate

Delaware, uttering an unearthly shout





erE MICHIGAN FARMER:





 





verge of the night. , The form of Hawkeye

had crouched like a beast about to take

its spring, and his face trembled so vio-

lently with eagerness that the muzzle

of the half-raised rifle played like a. leaf

fluttering in the wind. Without exhaust-

ing himself with fruitless efforts, the cun-

ning Magua suffered his body to drop to

the length of his arms, and found a frag-

ment for his feet to rest on. Then sum.

nioning all his powers, he renewed the

attempt, and so far succeeded as to draw

his knees on the edge of the mountain.

It was now, when the body of his enemy

was most collected together, that the

agitated weapon of the scout was drawn

to his shoulder. The surrounding rocks

themselves were not steadier than the

piece became, for the single instant that

it poured out its contents. The arms

of the Huron relaxed, and his body fell

back a little, while his knees still kept

their position. Turning a relentless look

on his enemy, he shook a hand in grim

defiance. But his hold loosened, and his

dark person was seen cutting the air

with his head downward, for a fleeting





 





LEGEND OF THE WATER LILY.





BY IRMA B.





MATTHEWS.





 





 





 





In the mountains called the Catskill

Hnee there lived a lovely maiden,



Who in language of the Saran-tics



The redmen called the Bird.



And her lips were tinged with scarlet,

Like the wild flowers by the marshes;

Bright here eyes were, bright and spark—





ling,

Lithe her form was like the willow,

And her skin was dark and dusky.





Very happy was the maiden



\\'as sweet Osetah, the bird,



For she loved a stately warrior,

t‘hief was he of all the redmcn.

Loved a young and noble warrior

Called by Saranat-s, the Sun.





Yet there came a time of sadness,

For the warrior 'went to battle,



And the maiden wept in secret

Fearing death might there await him.

Then she vowed to the Great Spirit

If he came again victorious



She would give her life unto him,

She would come and be a spirit.





It was in the Early Springtime



\Vhen again she saw the warrior,

Saw the Sun in all his glory



Coming to them and victorious.



Then her heart was filled with sadness

For she knew that she must leave him,

Leave him for the land of spirits



And complete the vow she uttered.

flashed the voice of the sweet singer,

Slowly crept she from among them.





To the Clustered Stars, the loveliest

Lake. in all the Catskill mountains,

liastencd then the lovely maiden.

But the warrior missed the singer,

Saw her creep out from among them,

Saw and followed quickly after.

Thus he would persuade the maiden

To return unto the village,



To forget the vow she uttered



And to follow him forever.





 





But the maiden saw his meaning,

Saw and bade him not to follow.





High she stood upon the. shore,

Deep the waters were below her.

Lifting up her face to heaven

Sprang she like an arrow forward;

Softly closed the waters o’er her.

And the Chieftain sought to find her,

Vainly sought but could not find her,

Then returned in sorrow slowly



To the people of his village.





But next morning came a stranger

Holding in his hands a flower,

None were there in all the village

That had ever seen one like it.



On the Clustered Stars he told them

He had plucked the lovely blossom,

That the lake was covered over

With the sweet and fragrant blossoms.

In amazement all the people



\Vent to gaze upon the.wonder.

Saw the sweet white lilies floating

On the lake’s clear silvery bOsom.





Then they brot an old, old ehiet‘tain,

\Vise was he in years and lt’xaruiug‘.

Told to him the wondrous story,

Showed to him the pretty flowers.

“Children." said he, “ ‘tis au omen

Coming from the land of spirits,

That Osetah, the sweet singer,



Lives again as we behold her



In the golden-hearted flowers.



Vt'hite the petals for her goodness,

Golden-hearted she and faithful,



And her smiles will bless the hunter.

\Vhen the sun’s rays shine upon her;

But her eyes will close in sadness

When his rays depart at night-time."

’Twas thus spoke the old, old chieftain.

\Viser be than all the redmen.





Thus it is to all the redmen



That the lily is an emblem



Of the faithfulness and goodness



Of ()setah. the sweet singer,



Of the tribe of Saranac Indians. ‘





   





, . o





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W.G.SHINI, 128161h St.|.incoln, Heb.





 

 





 





 





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at Cost





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as he committed the dastardly deed. But

I'neas arose from the blow as the wound—

ed panther turns upon his foe, and struck

the murderer of Cora to his feet by an

effort in which the last of his failing

strength was expended. Then, with a

stern and steady look, he turned to Le

Subtil and indicated, by the expression

of his eye, all that he would do, had not

the power deserted him. The latter seized

the unresisting arm of the Delaware, and





passed his knife into his bosom three

several times, before his victim, still

keeping his gaze riveted on his enemy





with a look of inextinguishable scorn, fell

dead at his feet.



“Laughing hoarsely. he made a -des—

perate leap, and fell short of his mark.

tho his hands grasped a shrub on the





instant, until it glided past the fringe of

a shrubbery which citing to the moun—

tain, in his rapid flight to destruction."

THE POINT OF VIEW.

BY RHODA BYARLAY HOPE.

Does your life seem hard to you?

Change your point of View.

Climb the little hill of hope—

Look from off the gentle slope——

For the future there will rise

Visions as of Paradise.

Things that filled your soul with care

\Vill take their flight all unaware

Dark clouds change to rcseate hue

Upon a ground of lovely blue.

So, if the world seems hard to you





 





 





 





 

 

 





HARTSHORN

SHADE ROLLERS





Bear the script name of

Stewart llartshorn on label.

Get “ Improved,” no tacks required.





Wood Rollers Tin Rollers





AG E NTs

$75 monthly. Combination . V

Rolling Pin. Nine articles combined. Lightning Selle):

POBBHBE MPG. 00., Box 23'? Dayton, 0





When writing to adver-





mplo free.





 





tisers please mention the





 





All you need is—change your view.





Michigan sFarmer.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





t
l ,: ~





Junkie-1909.; J J _‘

l' GRAND-PAY 1;me A-PISHING’.





 





-. . ‘ ; r, ' .

31,303,; E; gmckuku.- . ,

In .the'middi‘efitthe afternoon, of a. warm

' summer day





[When I 'teei .just'as if I’d like to skip"





. away,

Along comes Grandpa.

boy," says he,

“'Sposé'you’d like to go a-flshin‘ trout

, with me?”





And when Ma. nods and smiles I jump so

qu ck;



(The way I leave those books would make

my teacher sick).



Grandpa’s digging worms out by the

barnyard gate,



And I run for an old tin can‘and pick



‘ up the bait.





W'e don't have any of those tin-box city

things to pack,



Nor heavy poles, nor creels—just a little

snack—— .



Some bread, with cheese and butter and

maple sugar spread,



Two great big taupiha'wkins, and a. chunk

of lead. .





Down across the pasture lot to where the

willow tree,



Hangs more than half way ’CI‘OSS the

pool, and I can see



From the big limb, the trout snap up my





hook,

While Grandpa Sits just out of sight upon

a root.





Grandpa cuts a. pole apiece, that’ll bend

and swing,



And whistles “Yankee Doodle,” as he’s

‘tying on the string.



He shows me how to pull the worm

around the crook,



Then we slip up ea-sy, and drop in the

ugly hook. ’



We sat still most an hour, I believe;

didn't dast to wink,



Before I got a bite. Then you ought to’ve

seen my bobber sink.



My! ‘That was a bigrfellow. Thot 1

should fall, sure pop,



And lose the biggest fish—There, now he’s

safe, ker-fiop.





“A dandy,” Grandpa says, and strings

him on a stick.

Bime-by it gets so hot, and kind of dark

and thick,

“It looks a mite like rain,” he says,

(“don't they bite fast),

We won’t mind a little shower, I guess

it won’t last.”

The lamp was lighted when we got home

that night.

“Guess how many,” says I. And Pa.

guessed, “Not a bite.”

ThenI hold up the string. Pa. makes a.

_ chuckling noise,

And mother laughs and says, “Did you

' never see such boys?”





 





FiLuNe THE PICNIC BASKET.





 





BY E. J. LYNCH.





The duty of filling the picnic basket

falls to most farmers‘ wives or grown—up

daughters at some time every summer.

Quite a big part of the pleasure of the

picnic is stored in the basket, for both

little and big folks.



A modern novelist, in writing of a cer-

tain woman, described her as “a. woman

of one gravy,” which was simply a means

of insinuating that she was given to

monotony in her meals. There are house-

wives who seem to be “women of one

sandwich." They never think of any

other kind of sandwich than meat sand-

wiches and usually ham. Ham sand-

wiches are all right, if made right, but

——“there are others.”



The day before the picnic it is well to

make up a supply of mayonnaise or

French salad dressing to help add variety

to the sandwich list. To make this, put

a half teacupful of vinegar and the same

of water, a tcaspoonful of butter and two

tablespoonfuls of sugar into a double

cooker or thick saucepan and let it come

to boiling point. Take a tablespoonful of

cornstarch, a half teaspoonful of salt, a.

teaspoonful of mustard and rub to a

smooth paste with a little w ter. Stir

this in slowly and let it boil for five

minutes. Remove from the fire and stir

in slowly a well-beaten egg. When cold

it is ready for use. The addition of a

little sweet cream, when ready to use, is

a decided improvement.



This dressing, spread over the buttered

bread, will help to add zest to some of

the sandwiches which usually form the

substantial part of the picnic lunch. A

leaf of lettuce, or thin slices of ripe

tomatoe, can be used for filling. By those

who are especially fond of the flavor of

onions a layer 0f (‘hODDed onion over the

lettuce will be relished. Cottage cheese

makes a nice sandwich filling. If the

regular American cheese is used it will

be improved by passing thru the food

chopper and softening with a little

butter. ‘



Everyone knows "the delights of cold

roast chicken for the picnic meal but

everyone does not know how a delightful

beef loaf can be made for such occasions

from an inexpensive piece of beef. Any





“Say, Tad, my.





 





' THE 15413331ch *FARMER.





kind of beer can be used but ' gotten

especially for this purpose a piece on! the

shoulder answers very w‘ell. Put it thru

the food chopper. Add a_ little over halt

as much bread crumbs (by measure) as

there is chopped meat, salt, pepper, sage,

chopped, onion or whatever seasoning

may be desired. Moisten as you would

for fowl dressing and add one well-beaten

egg for every three cups of the material.

.Mould into loaves. It should be stiff

enough to retain its shape. Bake about

half an hour in a moderate oven. Lay

a slice of bacon on top of each loaf before

putting into the oven and baste while

cooking, as you would a roast chicken.

For picnic lunches this is far superior to

plain cold meat, as one trial will prove.



Pies do not carry well and are best

not included in the picnic lunch. Almost

any kind of sponge cake that has icing

on it will suit the taste of the ordinary

picnickers. If a layer cake is used a

banana filling is easily made and always

good. If the sliced bananas are moist-

ened with sweetened lemon juice the

taste will be improved. Little brown

spice cakes made in patty pans or muffin

rings and iced with white icing are far

better than cookies for picnics and much

more easily carried than layer cakes.



Always put in a. bottle of pickles of

some kind that can be eaten with the fin-

gers. Pickled beets, fresh green beans,

small cucumbers or mixed pickles all

help to add a relish to the meal. If two

meals are to be provided for, a salad of

some substantial kind can be used for

one. This can be packed in glass sealers

and eaten from cups made of stiff brown

paper.



Lemon juice can be prepared, sweetened

and bottled all ready to add to the water.

If one has a little alcohol or coal oil

stove, hot water can easily be procured

for tea or coffee,



Chopped pineapple, whole oranges, ba—

nanas, peaches or strawberries make a

refreshing addition to the lunch.



If cookies are taken at all, the soft,

substantial kind, containing chopped rais—

ins and currants, made fresh for the

occasion, are better than the crisp sweet?

ones. Plenty of good bread and‘butter,

cut thinly is the main thing, after all,,

\when a lot of hungry people are to be;

fed. 3



Paper napkins can be procured so inex-

pensively. that everyone can afford to

provide a plentiful supply.





 





MOTHERS' PROBLEMS.

BY E. E. R.



That mothers have problems, and ser-

ious ones at that, cannot be denied.

Sometimes these call for careful thot

and deliberate consideration. Each period

of childlife has its own requirements and

the fact that no two individuals can be

treated exactly the same complicates the

matter. -



Of all persons, the mother most needs

tact. It is a saving quality in many in-

stances when will opposes will. Firmncss

is an attribute also essential in child

training, one sadly lacking in a great

many otherwise well~governed homes.

Indulgence is commendable to a certain

degree but no should mean no. Teasing

to gain a point should never be permitted.

This habit, once begun, means endless

trouble for the parent. Nearly everyone

has at some time or other seen the effects

of over-indulgence with small children.

and while it may appear to a third party

that certain mothers are pretty strict, we

all admit that in the end such a course

is better than the opposite. As for the.

spoiled child. its approach is dreaded

and it is a source of constant annoyance

to visitors and visited alike.



But the real problems of the mother

come a few years later when the boys

and girls are growing up. Then she must

needs possess the patience of a Job, com—

bined with the wisdom of :1 Solomon.

Hcr watchful eye must keep close lab on

all that goes on. She must guide by

suggestion, must avoid open friction by

all possible means and glove in velvet the

hand that would control. Much may be

accomplished by tact without arousing

suspicion that any attempt at manage—

ment is going on.



We hear a great deal about the desire-

bility of keeping the confidence of our

boys and girls. Where there is lack of



(Continued on page 36).





 





 





 





 





SELL GOODS

to farmers direct from manufacturer on

remarkable free trial plan. Goods are bet-

ter. Profits are better. If you can furnish

team and wagon and give bond, address

KKK Medicine Company, Keokuk, Iowa.

Dept. E. '





 





     





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





Five Roofings ' Tested. ,





GENTLEMEN: OAKFORD, Pa., February 15, 1908.



The Amatite Roofing you advised me to try has proved

to be the best roofing I have on any of my chicken houses,

having‘tested it for two years with four other roofings. Con-

sequently, when I was compelled to boys new roof on my

wagon house, used Amatite.



If you see fit to use this letter as a testimonial, you will

be doing the chicken fanciers a great benefit.



If anyone wishes to see how the roofing lasts I will be

pleased to have them visit my farm. Yours truly,



HILL CREST FARM, WILLIAM F. FOTTERALL.





This is the kind of letters which which holds it in place is a power-

we get daily regarding Amatite. ful adhesive.





 





The price of Amatite is very low.

The smooth surfaced roofings sold

at the price of Amatite are usually

a one-ply or halt-ply grade which

is very flimsy and light in weight,

and do not compare with Amatite,

which is five-ply. Amatite has a

double layer of Coal Tar Pitch, a

double layer of wool felt, and a

real mineral surface.





When it Was first put on the

market a great many people were

attracted by it, but did not wish to

spend all their money in a new

type of roofing, so they used some

Amatite with the old-fashioned

“smooth surfaced” roofings right

alongside so as to get a good com-

parison of their durability. Now

they are finding that Amatite

wit/rout any painting lasts longer

than other roofings that need can-

tinual painting, and they are writ-

ing in letters like the above.





 





Free Sample and Booklet





 





Send for a Sample of Amatite

and see what the mineral no-paint

surface looks like. You’ll then

understand why it is so much bet‘

ter than “painted roofing.”





Amatite has a surface of rea/

mineral matter which will not rub

ofi'or wear ofl“, as the coal tar pitch





BARRETT MANUFACTURING COMPANY,





 





New York Chicago Philadelphia Boston

Cincinnati Minnea. oils Cleveland St. Louis

Pittsburg Now Or sans Kansas City London, Eng.





 

 

 

 





 





 

 





This is the Jar

Thai Saves You Tumble





The Atlas E-Z Seal Jar— the best

made and most convenient fruit con-

tainer yet put on the market.



It has a mouth sufficiently Wide to

take in large fruits, like peaches and

pears, whole.



It seals by a simple downward pres-

sure of the hand, and when sealed,

keeps its contents perfectly for any

length of time. The





ATLAS





E-Z Seal Jar





(Lightning Trimmings)





 

 

 

 

 





   

   





l

.

R .





ill?)





7" will





 

 

 





 

 

   





   

 

   

 

 

 





 





 

 

 





hum





   





is machine-made; of extra tough glass and

very strong at top where common jars so

often break. Being smooth finish on the

lip, there are no fine glass particles to fall

into the jar, as sometimes happens when

putting cap on a hand—made jar. The





E—Z SEA 1. JAKE to any town having Atlas Speeial Mason





an office of the Adams or U. S. has a wider mouth, but is made with screw

Express (70., within the States of cap





Penns 'lvania, New Jer. , u -

3 my New Always ask your dealer for“At1as jars and





York, Delaware, Maryland.Virginia, .

West Virginia. Ohio, Illinois, Indi- take no substitute—then you have the best.





ana or Michigan, or we will quote

delivery prices in other portions of

the United States by freight or

express.





   

 

 

 





 

   





   





If your dealer cannot supply these

jars, send 83, and we will express

prepaid thirty (:50) quart size ATLAS





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





A Book of Preserving Recipes

Sent free to every woman who sends us the

name ofher grocer, stating whether or not he

sells Atlas Jars.





HAZEL-ATLAS GLASS C0., Wheeling, W. Va.





 

 

   





 





 





I

"'° Ma“ ”'99” Dowde

For Fast, Clean Work is the n

‘~ ., . Simple, strong, always in order. Works in all

‘ ~ ' Aoils, all depths, hillside and level. No cutting

——‘ - j and none missed. Potatoes always clean, lying

on top of ground. Works well in heavy tops.





DOWDEN MFG. COMPANY

973 Elm Street, Prairie city, la.. 0. S.A.





 





 

 





Send For Fm

catalog '





 





 





When writing to Advertisers mention the Michigan Farmer.
36' - 1161‘. 9





this I believe it is owing to a mistake





on the part of the parent. When a con—

tiding child comes home from school or

{101111 play and runs :to mamma with

something it has heard, further confl-

dences may be encouraged by listening

respectfully. If it should prove to be

something imparted by an older playmate

and which the mother would have pre-

ferred her little one not to have heard,

she will do well to let no suggestion of

this escape her lips. Certainly she is

glad to have the child come to her and

a single repulse might sufl‘ice as a dis-

couragement on other similar occasions.

To say angrily that Mildred Jones is a

bad child for telling anything of the kind

and that you do not wish such talk re-

peated to you will give your conflding

little daughter to understand that she

had best keep what she hears from

mother in future. On the other hand,

even tho you consider it highly undesir~

able that your child should have heard

such a tale it will be better by all

means to maintain a composed counte—

nance and not allow the fact to become

manifest. Listen attentively and ser~

iously to all that the child has to relate.

She will see that mamma invites her

confidence and some way of dealing with

the matter will undoubtedly suggest it-

self. A few words wisely chosen will help

to correct erroneous impressions and bet-

ter the matter rather than make it worse.



Mothers of growing daughters will have

anxieties at times. There is a period in

every girl’s life when she is neither a

child not yet a woman, that period so

aptly described by the poet,



“Standing with reluctant feet,



\Vhere the brook and river meet,

TVomanhood and childhood fleet.”



Then it is that most of all the girl

needs wise counsel. When she is afraid

to talk freely upon any subject with her

mother something is wrong.



Boys meet with more varied tempta—

tions than their sisters. Their time Of

greatest danger lies between the ages of

15 and 21, when they ehafe against re~

straint and are most liable to fall into

bad habits. Few boys can be coerced or

driven into doing right, but nearly all

can be led. It is useless to expect mature

judgment at this period in the young oi

either sex and much must be overlooked

or credited to the love of fun inevitably

connected with youth. Then it is that

restraint which is not outspoken or em-

phatic, yet nevertheless influential, is

most essential.



There is no reason why mothers may

not have the entire confidence of their

sons as well as their daughters, if a right

beginning is made. Never to bet1ay such

confidence is the foundation of success.

Keeping inviolate 'whatchr information

is imparted to her marks the mother

whose sons tell hcr everything.



It means a great dual to bring up chil-

dren, but it is ample compensation to

possess noble sons and daughters who

make for the highcst type of citizenship,

and that is the ultimate end sought by

every true parent.





IN CANNING SEASON.





 





BY MARY FOSTER SNIDER.



. Raspberries Canned \Vithout Cooking.—

T‘ick the fruit oyor carefully and pack it

into tlloroly stcrilizcd Self—seahls Place

each jar on a folded towel “rung from

water, ill] to the top with boiling water

and let it stand ten‘Nninutes. Pour off

the water, fill the jar with fresh boiling

water and let stand anothcr ton minutes

Then drain off the water again and add

to it one cupful of sugar for each quart

of fruit it Was drained from. ioil the

sugar and water to a syrup and pour it

boiling hot oVor the fruit in the jars.

Fill to overflowing and seal i111111mliately,

making them perfectly air—tight. This is

the easiest way of all ways to can this

delicious fruit. \th11 opened. the rasp-

berries, cithcr black or red, will he found

equal to the frcsh fruit. It is better

to do only two or thrcc jars at :1 time,

but working systematically one may do

a large number in half :1 day, and with-

out the fatigue or (Nor—heated condition

that cooking the fruit on the store licccs-

siiates. Grapes may be canned by the

same method. Pick them from the stems,

wash them to remove the dust. and let

them d1ai11 a few minutes. Allow the

first boiling water to stand on them fif-

teen minutes, then ten minutes the second

time.



Preserved Peaches—Plunge the peachcs

int-o boiling water to make the skins





come off easily. then throw them into,





cold water. Cut them in halves, remove

the stones and weigh the fruit. To each

pound of the prepared fruit allow one

cupful of water and 3;; lb. sugar. Make

a syrup with the sugar and water. skim-

ming it thoroly when it boils. Put in

the peaches, a few at a time, also a few

of the kernels from the peach stones,

and cook until the fruit is tender but

not broken. About ten minutes is usu-

ally long enough. Fill the jars with_th.e

fruit, pour in the boiling syrup untll 1t

overflows and seal tightly.





 





     





1





.~ ”_~.. ( KIM

KWD‘W‘ {WMV' Hum





ONGO GUARANTEED

ROOFING BYA SURETY BOND





o CONVINCE the public that 3-ply‘ Thai is what Congo W" d0-

C°n80 Roofing will really lastten OTHER‘WISEJve could not aurora to

years, we furnish with every roll bind ur l s t S r t C 1n n

a. bond of the National Surety Company 0 se ve over 0" u e y 0 p11. y,

and thus insure the thousands of Congo





backing up our guarantee.

THIS BOND gives you absolute certain- roofs which are being laid every year all





ty that our promise will be made good. over “19 country.





WE DON’T CONSIDER that the bond FREE SAMPLE





is necessary, but it serves to show how

llrmly we believe in the durability of

our product, WE SHALL BE GLAD to send you a.

co 0! the bond without char 6. W

ANY MANUFACTURER could say as Dy 8 °

we do. that his roofing will last ten will also send you at the some time a.

years. but we show that we mean business sample 01' 001180. 90 that YOU willsee the





when we back up the guarantee with a reason for’our confidence.





genuine Surety Bond.

UNITED ROOFING AND M'F'G. co.





Successors lo Buchanan-rosin to.

535 West End Trust Bldg” Phlludolnhlu. Pm“,

Chicago San Frunclm





THE ONLY THING for us to do under

these circumstances is to make a roofing

which will stnrd the test. and outlive

the guarantee period.





 





 





 





 





 





{TITLE 1,19. 1909.





L S glnaj

03E]: Yaoiu- 9.311%”





money mmm

. . ' ou'ro wthontiom 8 0new

‘ . 'lw’No Silo -

. ' coin pore with it. Cows“ ent‘

itcol nonunion-1y. orowd- i

in chandelv'osto Hattnll

k- figfinéeapooity? Steers





ten l0 fast you

lmoet race th em grow.





clover and

similar0 grow. ”Thee Susi now '

il ghp‘lasdnaklnfi farmers '





l





   

 

 





 





Learn no?

money the Saginaw will save

and earn for you.



Farmers Handy Wagon Co.

30: 64 Sozinuw. chh. ’

Du loin“, II. llnnupau.





 





 





011 r D a. I 5

TH R E A D

feeding one-horse hay

Iresa only one on which





. 0



all the work. Fl It



successful self-



thrending d e .



vi c e , automatic



condenser increases ro—



snits. Open side hopper.



Free trial. Write today



for Baler Book and prices.

no. 1mm 00.. ell-enm-





 





Siickney GasolineEnomes





ARE THE BEST





Why? Because of the outside mutter,

modern open cooling system. straight:

line valve motion and ball- bearing gov-

ernor Thou-ands In ouccoutul op-

eration because of our year-

of experience In building the bolt.

Seven cites: 156 to 16 H..P

Send for our Free Catalog and

our Cntechium tellin fifty-«van

>reluon| why .00 I! or III-

(lnos or. the Boot.

Axon“ everywhere Iell them.





Charles A.SiiclmeyCom11any





 





Double ~Wear

in a Machine





Harvesting Machines re-



quire a heavy oil. Most hearings



on such machines are loose, either from -

design or wear, and a “light” oil soon runs ofE.~





Granite Harvester Oil





puts double wear in a machine because it stays,

wears longest and has a remarkable friction—re—

ducing quality. Never rusts or gums. Supplied

in gallons, S-gallons, half barrels and barrels.





STANDARD OIL COMPANY

( Incorporated )





ISILO FILLING

MACHINERY





Made' m size: to suit all wants. SOLD

ON THEIR OWN MERITS. Buy them.

try them. and only then do we expect





59





EXPERIENCE



Largest manufactur-

ers of Ensiiage Ma-

chinery in the world.

Ross CUTTERS ARE

a GUARANTEED. _

Write today for FREE Catalog. -





The E. W. ROSS C0., Box 14, Springfield, Ohio.





 





 





We do not ask

for cash with or- '

der, because loss

Machines for the

past 59 years have

proved beyond”

the expectation

of e v e r y pur-

chaser.





EXPERIENCE MAKES

PERFECT.

Every buyer of

11 Ross outfit ill

a. satisfied cus- 3

' . tomer.



Our catalogue

shows the most

complete line of

' Silo Filling Machinery on

the market. Don' t forget the





R088 SILO.





   





illi'





 

 

 





   

   

 

 





 

   

 

 

 

   





 

 

 

 





 

 

 





"mar—1

‘1 11111111153 lilllilililllwlrl





'1 111 1\ ’

‘L-fllu illiih





 

 

 





 

 

 

 





 

   

   

 

 





 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





 

 





 

 

 

 





 





NEW MODEL STEEL BEAUTY HAT PRESS





With or with- NEVER FAILS





 





MADN OFFICEAFACTORY ST PAUL MINN ’





 





I'llsave You $50





. On a Manure Spreader

pl! You’ll Let Me





This is lust a little ad—but a postal will bring my II.

look—and give you my $50. 00 Saving Price and Special

Proposition. You can save as much answering this little ad-

vertisement as if it coveled a pag



My Spreader positively will9 do better workandllsflonm

than any Spreader made—no mat- ..



tor what the





 

   

   

 





 





 

 

 





my opnndor and monoy

novlng nrloo. My Special

Proposition w'll interest you.

ilust a postal addressed toGal-

away of Waterloo, Iowa, will

bring you everything postpaid.

WI" You Pay a Funny For

Tho Foot-l and luv. .80. 00?,

Address Wm. Galloway. Pros. .

WM. GALLOWAV co.

.4. Galloway 81-. Waterloo. In.





 

 

 

 





 





11 MAKES A .

i BALE THAT





TnE‘mrw 1111» mass





is a horizontal press. It bales 1,4 to 2% tons per hour.

Feed hole 46x50 inches—easy to food, no tramping,

fer-k only used. Revolutionizes the loose baling system.

blokes the very desirable eastern market bale. Ben.

all Box and Uprlghl Proonon by doing 100 per cent

more work. Stands at work just as you see it in the cut.

Very portable. Adapted to bank ham work. We also

make Horse and Belt Power Presses. Write {or catalog





SAIDWICII HEB.00.. 1411 Mill ST.. SANDWICH, ILL.





[3:31.311 BLlllAll a?





Cuts any feed dry or green and claw“ my height.



‘ No wuto power. Can't strain. Bu the only knives

Udjuutnblo while running. Bel! feed. Mounted or

unmounted. Every machine tented and Gurus-



. , . run. A Inbor-onver and money~muken Auk

(when Book,"WHY BILAGE PAYS."





 





 





 

 





 





out. self-fold positive

pull back without spring.





   

   

   





A complete line of power balers nay .

paper wool. shavings cotton hull an " Write for Catalogue.

compress [HT 3505 '



Our success with this machine has been simply marvelous Thorough tests convince us that it is

absolutely col reel. in principle. It i=1 built entirely of steel. Has low bridge for horses to walk over,





 

   





 





 





 





and no pull of team in crossing Has large teed opening and long bale chamber Warranted in every

p.1r11c 111 1r. We also make a full line of Balers. For full information address the manufacturers.





THE WHITMAN AGRICULTURAL COMPANY, 6905 S. Broadway, St. Louis, Mo.





HEIDER





unequaled. Work like a. charm .We make Clev-

ises to attach Eveners to all Plows: also wag— Ask your dealer ford





 





&6-EI4orse ) Heider 3-HorscWazon ‘ Evener—Eor

Plow EV- lVagon, Manure Spreader, Grain Drill,—

eners are anywhere you want to use 3 horses on a





pole. No longer pole rel-J - , quired.

Holder





on doubletrees, singletrees. neck yokes, etc

Heider 4- Horse Plow Ev cncr permits workinri horses

abreast on Gang,Sulky or Disc Plow. One horse in fur-

row, 3 on land. Works free—no sidedrait. Coupled

lle u.al





short—easy to attach. . All ho osrse -u y and at the best. If he can't su poly you.wr1te





us— on’t accept any other. Enlist on the

Holder—none work so per tect.





HEIDER MFG. 00., DEPT l0 Carroll, Iowa





J08. Dick Mfg. Co.

1439W.Tuucunwu SL1

union. Ohio





 





 





 





 





THE LARGEST AND BEST LINE OF _ '





WELL DRILLING





l A .

MAC H I N E R Y havem§;§;w max:

lag it for over 20 years. Do not buy until you





see our new illustrated Catalogue No.14. Send

for it now. It Isl REE.





 





3- STROKE SELF- FEED HAY PRESS.





Emmi All 51m .1111 Iron

Two Man can run it.

F0” Auto-{Zulu lily Prm lie.

3





 

 





81. 11.1: 1:. MI.

ll for Outflow. No. 11





 

   





1111-11111 i





_ _"’9¥1v-74

tilfifi , 1





 





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1





 





g'





When writing to advertisers;

Please mention The Michi-





 





gan Farmer.





   





 





 





Austin Manufacturing 00., chlouo ‘





m;





1





.— ~n~