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I, The Only Weekly Agricultural,





I VOL. CXLll, No. 21. i

Whole Number 3784.





SH HED WEEKL):

LLI





DETROIT,





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MAY 23, 1914.





 





Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.

MICH., SATURDAY,





50 CENTS A YEAR

52 FOR 5 YEARS.





Some Opinions on “The Cost of a Crop.”





a good policy for us farmers to

_ tell how cheap we can do things,

and as far as I am concerned I should

be glad to let Mr. Crum’s article on

“The True Cost of a Crop,” published

in a recent number of the Michigan

Farmer, stand and be handed down to

posterity just as it is, but since I am

requested to do so, will state where,

in my opinion, Mr. Crum is in error,

and that is in giving the potato crop

such splendid care, with such careful

attention to details, i. e., hill selected

seed, 10 bushels, 10 hours for which

he charges seven and one-half cents

per hour, reasonable; he treats seed,

cuts carefully by hand, sprays, culti-

vates thoroughly, is liberal in allow-

ance for plant food—he does all of

these things and then credits only an.

average crop of 100 bushels. If Mr.

Crum gives his crop such care, and

does not get on the average 200 bush-

els per acre, he should change his

location if he desires to continue in

the potato growing business.





IT never seemed to me that it was





If any other crop were figured out





on the same basis, i. e., charging the

expense of growing in the very best

possible manner, with high- -class seed

and care throughout, and then credit-

ing only the average crop of the coun-

try, it would be manifestly unfair.



There is one item which, were I

making the report, I should have to

enlarge materially, and that is the

charge for use of tools. This item is

:but $2.00 in Mr. Crum's report. My

special potato tools are as follows,

[with prices of similar tools, new, at-

'tached:





 





iMachine seed cutter ......... $ 15.00

[Potato planter-fertilizer ...... 9,0.00

lPower sprayer (horse) ....... 80.00

Digger (four—horse) .......... 125.00

Elevator sorter . ............. 35.00



Total ...................... $345.00





This gives an interest charge of



$20.70, and if we allow the customary

10 per cent for depreciation, (which

is, in my opinion, altogether too high

where tools are well cared for), we

have an additional charge of $34.50, or

a total of $55.20 for use of tools. With

these tools, I cut the estimate made

by Mr. Crum of the expense of plant-

ing, digging, storing and sorting so

much that I refrain from giving the

figures, and besides, as I said on the

start, in these times of so much com-

plaint about the high cost of living,

it ill becomes any farmer to dwell on

how cheaply he can produce any cer-

tain crop.

1 After an

years with all the common farm crops

of Michigan on land fairly well suited

to the potato crop, with the assistance

of special potato machinery and with

the price 50 cents per bushel, and

raising on the average twice the av-

erage crop, I have found nothing as

profitable. Some years we do not get

that price, some years we get more,

but if I were sure of 50 cents every

year and could not make money out

of the. potato crop, I wotild be at a

loss tovknow what to turn to.





Of course, if anyone was not going





to raise quite an acreage, it would not





'o





.experience ' Of {over f‘ 2.01 '





pay to get these tools, but the man

with them can starve the man With-

out them, and the more acres-the less

the cost per acre of owning them. A

great many potatoes are raised in

Michigan which cost more than 50

cents per bushel to grow, but the man

who goes at it on business principles

can flourish at that price—A. B.

Cook, Shiawassee County.

Grows Big Crop with Profit.



“The True Cost of a Crop,” in a

recent number of the Michigan Farm-

er, was read With interest by all of

our family. Now We claim to know

something about raising potatoes, as

I have raised them for 27 years on

this farm, and my sons have helped

to raise them as long as they can re-

member. I therefore send you a photo

of our last year’s potato field, taken





from 10 cents to 50 cents per bushel

on what potatoes We sell. I have seen

the time when I received only $60

from the same field of potatoes, but

that was during the panic, and the

year before, I received only $20 from

the field next to it, which in every

way is equal to it, but that year the

frost struck us hard in the month of

October. Since then I,have always

tried to get my potatoes planted early,

so we can get at them early in the

fall. Now, Mr. Editor, I will close for

this time and go to work to prepare

the ground for another crop of pota-

toes—Wm. J. Nielsen, Montcalm Co.

Midsummer Application of Fertilizer

Increased Profit.



I read Mr. Crum’s article in your

issue of April 25, also your editorial

in the same number. It seems to me





 





 





Wm. J. Nielsen, Montcalm 00., Found this Crop Profitable—240 bu. per acre.





when we were digging them. We dug

2,400 bushels from a 10-acre field. The

ground was a two-year-old sod. ‘We

applied 75 loads of barnyard manure,

and no other kind of fertilizer was

used. We plowed the field just before

We planted, rolled it right after plow,-

ing, and dragged it twice. The field

was marked both ways and planted

two feet and ten inches each way.

Half the field was planted on May 9,

and the other half on May 28, and

there was only three crates difference

in the yield of the two parts.



I am not trying to contradict Mr.

Crum in his statement, but can as-

sure you that we are not donating





that potatoes can be grown cheaper

than Mr. Crum’s estimate of $67 per

acre, and as proof of same I give be—

low the cost of growing three acres of

potatoes during the summer of 1913:

Plowing three acres two days



at $3.50 per day ............. $

Dragging three times in one day



at $3.50 per day .............

Marking out half a day with one



horse

Distributing fertilizer, one man





7.00

3.50

1.25





.......................





seven days .................. 10.50

Planting three acres seven

days ........................ 17.50





Cultivating five times, one day





each ........................ 12.50

Digging, one man and. one boy,

12 days at $2.50 ............. 30.00





Drawing to market eight miles,





 





L.._.._ . ...-. . -~.w—....M





 





_





A dead Stand of Potatoes is the First Essential of Low Production Cost.





500 bushels ................. 40.00

Cost of 1,800 lbs. of fertilizer.. 22.50

Cost of seed, 40 bushels at 200.. 8.00



'—"__l



Total ...................... $152.75





The foregoing expenses were care-

fully kept and are accurate. I and

my son, a lad of 12 years, did all the

work. ~In all the work we never put

in more than eight hours per day.

My family lives in town and my farm

is eight miles out. We prepared our

own meals and likely did not get in

as much as eight hours every day. I

have therefore charged $3.50 for a

man and team for eight hours’ work,

$2.50 for a man and one horse each

day, and $2.50 per day for myself

and son each day. However, in drawd

ing to market I drew the 500 bushels

in 10 days and have charged $4.00 per

day for this work.



Perhaps it would not be amiss to

state some facts as to the quality of

the land, the manner of planting, cul-

tivating and digging. And in advance

will say that all the labor was simply

crude, hard work. The land was What

is known as red shale in this locality,

considered to be the most desirable

land we have for the production of

potatoes. It is a loose loamy red

soil with some flat stone in it; most

people from the middle West would

call it very stony. This special three

acres had been in meadow for two

years, was rather a light sod, a little

disposed to be wet and soggy in

places, and was in a poor state of

fertility from having been badly farm-

ed in recent years. It was plowed

early and nothing more was done to

it till may 28, when I went over it

with a spike-tooth harraw. On June

10 I sowed by hand, broadcast, 750

lbs. of fertilizer. The next day I thor—

oughly harrowed with a spring-tooth

and on June 16 I marked out some 10

rows with a one-horse singe shovel,

making a deep furrow. I then put

about a tablespoonful of fertilizer in

the furrow, spacing it about 20 inches

apart. My son followed after me with

a three-foot section of a log chain to

which he attached a leather strap,

pulling the chain by the strap. I

might add that I put some half—dozen

six-inch bolts through the links of

the chain, so as to thoroughly mix the

soil and fertilizer. We then dropped

our potatoes about 20 inches apart

and covered with a hoe. The seed

was small, much of it so small that I

hesitated about planting it. These

potatoes were of a variety known as

the American Beauty in this locality,

a very shapely white potato. We

finished planting on June 28. In about

10 days I set my spike-tooth harrow

at an angle of about 45 degrees and

ran over the patch. This broke the

crust that was forming and in a few

days all came up nicely. I never saw

a better stand. The weather was

ideal for growth for the next 30 days

and the vines grew rapidly. I culti-

vated with a five-shovel cultivator four

times. Just before cultivating the





second time I sowed about 200 lbs.

tper. acre of fertilizer by hand along

.each side of each row, and then im-





mediately followed with the cultivat-
546—2





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





 





MM” mi.





 





or, so as to mix the soil with the fer-

tilizer. There were twou'ro'ws in the

patch from which I withheld this side

distribution of fertilizer and these

two rows at digging time were short

fully one-fifth in yield, as compared

with the rows that had fertilizer along

each side. The last cultivation was

with a wide-bladed, single-shovel plow

which ridged the soil high around the

vines. As stated, weather conditions

'were good till the potatoes were about

one inch in diameter. ' After that we

had but little rain. But in spite of

the drought I had a fair yield, 500

bushels on the three acres, While my

neighbors had to be satisfied with a

yield of about 50 bushels per acre. I

used in all 1,800 lbs. of fertilizer on

the three acres. All digging was by

hand—W. W. Hedrick, Tioga County,

Pennsylvania.

Why Know What it Costs?



1 want to ask a question. Here it

is: “What will it profit me or the

average Michigan farmer to know

what it costs to produce any product

that we grow to sell?” What differ-

ence does it make to me or the aver-

age Michigan potato grower whether

it costs $14 or $67 to produce an av-

erage acre of potatoes?



Now, in the light of all that is be-

ing written and printed regarding the

advisability and necessity of farmers

keeping books and knowing the cost

of everything they produce, these

may seem like “fool questions.” But,

I assure you, they are not. They are

very reasonable and sane ones, as

you will see when we add a clause to

them, thus: “What difference wheth-

er it costs $14 or $67—so long as the

size of the crop and the market ma-

nipulator fixes the price we must ac-

cept for our product,”—so long as we

must take What we can get, whether

above or below cost?



We average farmers, you must ob-

serve, have come to look upon such

problems as this from, at least, a.

semi practical standpoint. We know,

in a general way, that we produce

crop after crop for less than cost of

production when we charge all the

items of cost against the crop. If the

Agricultural College is privilegedoto

produce baby beef and sell it for less

than cost—sand make money, why may

not we farmers deceive ourselves in

the same manner and with the same

philosophy? Why should everyone in

every other line of business, jump

onto us and call us names and make

faces at us because we elect not to

know the exact amount of our con~

tributions to those who stuff their

stomachs with what we produce?

Why should we burden our already

weary shoulders with a complicated

and elaborate system of accounts

when we are helpless to add one jot

or tittle to the price of what we sell,

or to affect the final result between

cost and selling price?



You are aware that we have a State

Potato Growers’ Association, com-

posed largely of “middlemen,” com-

mercial fertilizer agents, agricultural

college field men and U. S. Depart-

ment of Agriculture experts; that we

have a National Potato Growers’ As-

sociation, composed of the same in-

terests, and you doubtless know that

they haVe started a nation-wide cam-

paign to increase the potato crop. It

is given out that Michigan must pro-

duce ten million more bushels than

last year. The same movement is on

in other states, backed by the same

crowd. If they succeed in increasing

the production of potatoes to the ex-

tent they desire, We shall have around

500,000,000 bushels, in place of 328,-

000,000 last year, and they will not

sell for enough to pay the freight for

hauling them 200 miles.



Now, “what will it profit me and

the average potato growers to know

whether it cost us 14 cents or 67

cents per bushel to grow these pota-

toes when we are obliged to haul

them to market for 10 cents per

bushel or leave them rot in the pits?





.I can comprehend to a considerable

extent the advantages of book-keeping

and a knowledge of costof productiOn





when applied to practically all other





lines of business, where a definite

amount of materials and labor-enter

into the production of an article of

use or ornament—and the producer

thereof places the selling price on

the same. I can understand the “nec-

essity” of the man, who makes, a

plow, to know the cost of material, 1a-

bor, interest on investment, etc. But

in order to have his knowledge count

for anything, I can also understand

the “necessity” of the maker having

the power to put a price on the plow

sufficiently large to cover the items

of cost. If the retailers’ association

fixed his price one year so that he

realized 10 cents per day for his la-

bor, and another year compelled him

to lose both labor and interest on in-

vestment, and then, because he stop-

ped making plows sets a price that

gives him $20 per day for his labor,

and the next leaves his products in

his shop a dead loss, his position

would approach that of the potato

grower—or the average farmer, with

the exception that the farmer is rea-

sonably secure in his feed and fuel

items, which makes him more careless

about cost in his business. Even

though he may be compelled to do-

nate his labor and other items of cost

to the consumer, he is reasonably se-

cure against starving or freezing, a

security not enjoyed by the plow

maker, because he cannot eat plows,

the article he produces.



But let us not get too far away

from the real question that I want

answered. Let me repeat with slight

variation: “What will it profit me

in dollars and cents to know whether

it costs me $14 or $67 to grow an

acre of potatoes, if Mr. Mumford and

his men, the fertilizer agents and

State and National Potato Growers’

('2) Associations succeed in inducing





farmers to produce 500,000,000 bush-A





els of potatoes this year, and I am

obliged to sell my acre of potatoes

for $10?”——C. W. Crum, Montcalm

County.





FARM NOTES.





 





Seeding Clover in Corn.





Please advise if mammoth clover

sowed when I plow my corn for the

last time, will be fit for hay the fol-

lowing summer, or for seed.



Van Buren Co. F. M. D.





Clover may be successfully seeded

in corn under favorable conditions of

moisture, but it is useless to sow it

at the last cultivation of corn unless

the soil is sufficiently moist to insure

its early germination and rapid

growth. We have seen excellent

stands of clover secured in this way,

but many more failures. Two years

ago the writer seeded alfalfa in stand-

ing corn at the last cultivation and

secured a perfect stand, due to excep-

tionally favorable moisture condi-

tions. Last year a similar experiment

failed of results, and this is a com-

mon experience in seeding clover in

thismanner. For this reason it is

necessary to exercise good judgment

in attempting this method of seeding

to insure its success.



Seeding Alfalfa After Oats and Millet.





I have a field of eight acres which

was in corn last year and fall plowed.

I have sown four acres to oats and

peas; the other part I intend to sow

to millet. Will it do to sow it now

or should I wait until June. I want

it for hay and would like to cut it as

early as possible. The‘ cats and peas

I want to seed to alfalfa. Would it

be best to cut the crop, then disk it

and sow, or would it do to sow it now

with the crop? The cats are up now.



Ionia Co. J. O. S.





Millet may be sown at any time af-

ter danger of .frost is past. It does





better when sown in warm weather,

but in a favorable season it may be

sown with fair results soon after corn

planting time, but it will take it long-

er to reach maturity than when sown

under warm weather conditions.»~ The

ordinary period required for it to de-





velop sufficiently to cut for hay is?





about two months under “favorable

conditions. If sown during the latter

part of May, it might be possible to;

get the crop off during the latter part





.of July in time to seed alfalfa with a





fair prospect of success, although it

is not a safe propositiOn to sow alfal-

fa after the first of August in the or?

dinary season, since it will not have

time to develop sufficient root and top

growth to stand the rigors of winter

if sown later than that in an ordinary

year, and it is preferable to get it in

somewhat earlier if practical. Alfalfa

could not be successfully seeded with

millet, and oats and peas make too

dense a shade to make it a very prac-

tical crop with which to seed alfalfa,

especially if not sown until after the

other plants have started. It would

be better to wait until the crop is har-

vested, then fit the ground and get

the alfalfa in as soon as possible.





Commercial Fertilizer for Potatoes.





I have some special potato fertilizer

that I want to use this spring on corn

stubble. Have 250 lbs. that I want

to experiment with. Is that enough

for half an acre? Will someone who

is posted in the use of commercial

fertilizer please advise through the

Michigan Farmer as to the best meth-

od of applying same for best results?



Benzie Co. W. A. M.





Where one expects to apply fertiliz-

er at the rate of 500 pounds per acre,

the best way is to apply it in the row,

although it may be sown broadcast

and harrowed into the soil with fairly

good results. Some of our most suc-

cessful potato growers use 400 to 500

pounds of fertilizer per acre in the

row, preferably distributing it with .a

horse planter, although it can be ap-

plied in any way which will mix it

with the soil about the potatoes.

Where applied broadcast, larger appli-

cations are sometimes made, depend-

ing upon the soil conditions.





LILLIE FARMSTEAD NOTES.



This wet weather. has delayed put-

ting in the balance of the spring

crops. Those farmers who only had

a few cats to put in, of course had

them all in before this rain, but those

with a larger acreage did not get

them in and the balance is not in

yet, May 7. It is quite late for cats,

but I consider this a very late spring.

We have had very little warm weath-

er up to date, only a few warm days

and they were exceedingly warm, it

is true. The pastures, 'meadows and

new seeding clover have made but

little growth. In putting in a crop

one must not go by the calendar, but

by nature itself. Those that Were

put in early are just nicely up. The

15 acres of peas for the canning fac-

tory which we got in before the rain,

of course are all up. The first field

is up nicely. Some of them are in

jured by excessive water. The rain

came down so fast that the water ran

into the low places, and even over

tile drains, was not taken off in time

but what some of the peas were

drowned. This would not have hap-

pened if the peas had not just been

in the right condition. They were

germinated, and yet not above the

ground, and the water coming on I

think literally smothered them or

drowned them. Those that were sown

a few days later and were not so far

advanced are all right and are com-

ing up nicely. There is a fair stand

over the entire field with the 'excep-

tion of a few spots. Quite a heavy

crust is forming after the heavy rains

especially‘on the clay and I was wor-

ried just a. little about it, but today

another rain has softened that crust

and I think will make everything fav-

arable.



The new seeding has made start

enough now so that one can see what

we are to expect from this year’s crop.

I have examined one field carefully

and am positive that it will not pay

to leave it and attempt to new it.

There is a large area on this zo-acre





 





field where there is- practiéally no '





clover stall. This is th’efl‘r'st time _





in my " farming experience, when I

have had to plow up a new seeding





of clover. ‘This, as I have explained, .





before, is due to two causes, one is

the extreme dry-weather, but this is

not the sole cause. ,I think it was the

way we sowed the seed a year ago.

As I explained before, we did not get

our seed sown before the ground he-

came settled and- the frost all gone.

Then we harrowed the field and sow-

ed the Seed and harrowed it again. It

is the judgment of all the farmers in

this vicinity that this is not the best

way to seed clover on our kind of

land. The best way is to seed it in

March or early in April before the

frost is entirely out of the ground.





Then the freezing and thawing of the ‘





soil buries the seed and we almost in—

variably get a catch, at least I have

never lost one before, and last year

being. compelled to sow late I have

lost the seeding. There may be an—

other cause for this, and that is the

seed was not real prime seed. The

seed was grown the year before but





there was such a second growth of -

clover and it was so late and the sea- -





son was so moist that I am of the op-





inion that this seed was not all prime ‘





seed, that it didn’t have the germinat-

ing power. Neither do I believe it had

as much vitality as seed grown under

more favorable circumstances, and I

lay the loss of the seeding to all

three causes, rather poor seed, too

late seeding, and an extremely dry

summer. At any rate, we have lost

the seeding and we have got to plow

the field this spring and put it into

some spring crop. Of course, it will

be too late to put it into peas or cats

or anything of that sort, but we can





grow ensilage corn and it will furnish '





morepfeed even than as though this

field was into hay, although we cer-

tainly want a certain amount of hay

to feed with the corn silage. My

plans now are to put about half of it

into lima beans and the balance of it

into sweet corn and we will sell the

ears of the sweet corn to the canning

factory and put the stalks into the

silo. I will put a portion of it, how-

ever, into soy beans and cut them for

hay just as an experiment.



We have an unusual amount of la-

bor'this spring in disposing of the

manure. Some years the ground is

dry enough in late winter and early





spring so that we can haul it direct to,





the field at all times, but this year it

was soft and the manure spreaders

would not work, the roads were soft,

and we had to haul it quite a distance

to the back fields. The consequence

is that we have an accumulation in

piles and this must be spread. At

one time the roads go so very bad in

the fields that we simply dumped it

in the yard and we have quite a large

accumulation of manure in this yard.

It all must be hauled out before we

plow the fields for ensilage corn. Of

course, it won’t take long to spread

this manure when all hands go to

work, when we once get at it, but we

cannot go at this work until we get

the field of peas and oats sown for

the cows and the balance of the peas

in for the canning factory. Then we

are ready for the ensilage corn and

the sweet corn and the manure must

be hauled before the ground is plow.

ed. With favorable weather, however,

the work will all be accomplished

rapidly. If this continued wet weath-

er occurs it will take much longer.

Very few gardens are planted yet

in this vicinity, in fact, the ground

is so cold that there is little use in

planting. Garden vegetables ought to

make a rapid growth in order tobe

succulent and tender and it pays to

wait until the weather gets warm

enough so that these vegetables will

grow from the start if you want

choice vegetables. There are a few

early potatoes on sandy land‘ and

some gardens on sandy spots that are

above ground at the present time, but





they are not growing as they ought ‘

to ,On, account of the cold weather. f





COLON C. LILLIE.





 

   





 





 





 





 





 





‘- a...” . '44:“
a. Alana—4+“





 





 





MAY 23, 1914.,





UHF!





Practical





lillilililllilllliilllillilillilil





IF





THE MOISTURE CONTENT OF

BUTTER.





 





BY FLOYD W. ROBISON.

(Continued from last week).



Competition is very keen in the but-

ter market and when creameries are

paying the dairymen just as much for

fat as they are receiving in the mar-

ket for the finished product, it is very

evident that the finished product, but-

ter, must have mixed or incorporated

in it some materials in some consid-

erable quantities not ordinarily pres-

ent in the milk fat. These in the

main, are salt and water. Of course,

the more salt and water that may be

incorporated in the butter, the great-

er the margin of profit for the cream-

ery, providing the butter maker does

not change the quality in such a way

as to get an appreciably lower price

for his finished product. Probably 20

per cent increase over the original

weight of fat in the milk would be

satisfactory and a fair margin for the

creamery. This means that out of

every 100 pounds of butter-fat the

creamery will send out 120 pounds

of butter. Consequently it thus be-

comes possible for the creamery to

pay as much, or even more, per





1 pound of fat received as the creamery





received per pound for its butter. In

some co-operative creameries the but-

ter maker is paid a certain fiat sum

per pound for the manufacture and

marketing of the product and all that

is left is paid to the different patrons

according to the content of fat which

they have contributed.



With competition as keen as it is

in the butter business, naturally one

creamery is striving to secure as

great an amount of substances other

than fat which are natural to the but-

ter as is another creamery. We think

altogether too much stress has been

laid on this point by butter makers.

If butter makers would give attention

to the quality of the product they

manufacture, first, all these other

things should be added unto it.





Quality Controls the Moisture

Content.



Undoubtedly a study of the proper

manner of incorporating the moisture

content of butter may indicate what

is the most desirable method of

churning and working of the butter

to produce the highest grade product

on the market and which will carry a

reasonably high moisture content, for

the temptation is greater when it is

seen that by a certain manipulation,

perhaps, the butter may be made to

take up and hold varying high per-

centages of moisture. The tempta-

tion, We say, is very great, to secure

a high over-run in this product and

we therefore think that the regula-

tions of the Internal Revenue Bureau

are just and should be rigidly en-

forced.



Curiously enough, our reasons for

this are that in our opinion it is vital

to the butter industry itself that the

moisture content be kept below 16

per cent. What, then, are the factors

which control the moisture content

of butter?



Several difierent state stations have

inaugurated extensive studies to de-

termine this factor, but one of the

most thorough experiments along this

line was conducted by the Purdue

Experiment tation and is described

in Bulletin No. 160? from that station.





The Finding of Purdue.



In the course of this series of ex-

periments it was found that the tem2

perature of the churning of the butter

is a very great factor in retaining uni.

formly a high moisture butter. The

richness of the cream or the degree

of sourness of the cream do not seem

to exert any constant influence on the





THE'MICHIGAN FARMER





"Illiililllllllllillliiiliill|liiIillll|IIIlllllliilillllllillilllllilIllllililllIllliiI[Hill|iII|liIiIlilIllillillllllliilllilllIlliiilliiliiiliilllllliiliiiiilillllllllliili lilllil|llNIIliill||Ii|illIli|I|lllllilllllllillillllliilillllllllilllllllll





2!]





Science.





lllllllliillllilIililllilliiillllllllli





l “illiliililllililliill||iiiiI|||Iiil||l||||llliiIiiIilIIiilllllllllllillilliillllllllliillllillllliillIiilIIlllIIliiIlliiIiliiiiii]llIlliiilililllllllliiiliillllIllilllill|iii||IiilllllllllliillliillllilllllllllliillIllIllIllllllllllilllllliilllillIllllillg





moisture content. Pasteurization of

the cream does seem to decrease to

some considerable degree the mois-

ture content. The most influential fac-

tor, however, in increasing the mois-

ture content in butter seems to be the

rise of the churning temperature. In

practically every instance, other gen-

eral principles being regularly follow-

ed, increasing the temperature at

which the churning is conducted will

produce a butter with a higher mois-

ture content. This, provided the grain

and general quality of the butter is

not impaired, is a legitimate opera-

tion and we think will not yield a but-

ter with a content of moisture as high

as 16 per cent but if prolonged

churning is attempted a more or less

salvy condition of the butter is pro-

duced whereby the grain may become

seriously injured and this product

then will hold almost any content of

water which may be mixed with it.

An ordinary judge of butter, however,

will pick out such a product every

time. This same condition of salvi-

ness is produced by prolonged churn-

ing when maintaining even a low tem-

perature, and will be followed by a

high content of moisture in the pro-

duct. The temperature of the water

used for washing alone does not af-

fect the moisture content but work-

ing the butter in the presence of an

excess of water, as has been done in

some creameries, will produce a high

content of moisture and many times

an abnormal content of moisture.

The High Salting of Butter.



The desire to increase the over-run

of butter, because as we have ex-

plained before, it is the over-run that

introduces the element of profit, has

caused butter makers to resort to ev-

ery expedient possible to retain in

the butter a high moisture content

and a high salt content. The objec-

tion, however, as we have stated, to

the use of a high content of salt is

that its taste is disclosed in the pro-

duct. One agent for a salt manufac—

turer some time ago thought he had

hit upon an ingenious plan for en-

couraging the taking up of large quan-

tities of salt with the butter without

its being apparent to the taste. His

instructions to the butter makers were

to soak the salt overnight in' hot wa-

ter and in the morning pour off the

brine and use the remaining salt for

salting the butter. Of course,’ the but-

ter maker in this way was using a

larger quantity of salt but if he had

taken the pains to taste the finished

product he would have found that one

pound of salt which had been soaked

over night was just as salty, and no

more so, than the pound of salt which

was thrown into the sewer from the

brine. Salt is salt, and one portion

of it is just as completely soluble as

another, and there is no selective ab-

sorption by a preliminary treatment

with water. If he had a salt which

was high in insoluble materials, such

as calcium sulphate, and the like,

which was left after a preliminary

treatment with water, it would, of

course, not be so salty as the portion

which dissolved out, but it would have

been even more objectionable because

of its insoluble nature.





“Farm Structures," by K. J. T. Ek-

blaw, M. S.,,Associate in Agricultural

Engineering, University of Illinois.

This volume is prepared for both the

teacher and the progressive farmer

who recognize the ad‘rantages of good

farm buildings. Chapters are given

on building materials, location of farm

buildings, building construction, esti-

mating, design and construction of

farm buildings, ventilation, lighting,

heating farm houses, providing water

supply, plumbing and sewage dispos-

al. There are 322 pages and numer-

ous illustrations to make clear to the

reader the contents of the book. It

18 published by the Macmillan Com-

pany, New York.





 





 





——

:1





“Sure, I did it!”





It looks bad to have a piece of shabby old furniture

around, even if it is Well—made. Nevertheless, it

is a shame to send it to the attic or barn when it

has lots of use and comfort in it.





ACME QUAZITY





Paints, Enamels, Stains,

Varnishes





possess in themselves a wonderful ability to make old pieces of

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them. Chairs that are scratched and marred; tables that have



grown dull from vigorous use or lack of care can be easily

brightened up. There is an Acme Quality finish for every //

purpose, woodwork, floors, Walls. ‘





9m two books, “Acme Quality Painting Guide” and



Home Decorating,” tell just the proper Paints, Finishes

or Varnishes that are needed for every use and

how to use them. A postal will bring you the

books and the address of the Acme Quality dealer

nearest to you. Write today for these helps.





ACME WHITE LEAD & COLOR WORKS

Dept. AA , Detroit, Michigan





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

   

 

   

   

   

   

 





 





   





Boston Cincinnati

Chicago Toledo

Minneapolis Nashville

St. Louis iminxham m , ,

Pittsburgh Fort Worth \" m7

Dallas Portland '

Topeka San Francisco

' co \ Loa Angela

Salt Lake City San Diego

Spokane





 





 





 





 





International Harvester

Haying Machines





   

 





 





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   





 





133.135 Em NO matter how you handle your hay

. a mguinrs" crop after the mowing is done,

"mfg; 33$: whether w1th rake, tedder and loader, side

53133:?” delivery rake and loader, or sweep rake and

., rm.” stacker, the best machines for our work are

com mcniNi-‘s y '

”we". PM“. those that are sold under the International

11:3; gamers Harvester trade mark.

5M”. Shredders Ill C local dealers sell these machines. It is to

1!,” their interest to see that your hay is put into the barn,

snagbgrnna-Tooth. stack, or bale, in the best condition, regardless of

ammo" “7°" weather or acc1dent. When they sell you an I H C

_G£NERAI. LINE tedder, Side delivery rake, self or hand dump rake,

giflcmm” stacker, sweep rake, loader, combined sweep rake

m Sweden and stacker, or hay press, they sell on a machine

cm... scum". that you _can depend upon, that wil give you per-

agrfigzz fectly satisfactory service.

The-hm Drop us a line, and we will direct you to the

anal. ”In” nearest dealer handling our machines, and will also

mam send you interesting catalogues describing any one

Bi l ”m of the above machines you may be interested in.





   





International Harvester Company of America





CHICAGO ”Wm”

Champion During
548-4





 





MAY' 23, 1914‘."





 





 





 





On'Farms





Where Efficiency Rules





—whe_re progressiveness marks every feature

of equipment and method—you will find the

buildings covered, once and forever, with





J-M Assssros Roormc





“ The Roll of Honor"





A roofing of everlasting, pliable stone, mode of pure Asbestos

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Easy to lay with .l-M

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J ' M REGAL ROOFING mfiz’usffirlzltafll‘élfi.

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mand for a rubber type, wool 2:1,," ”h" mum‘" b”

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J-M ASBESTOS, but con-

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Wslv Cnssvs- DA, v.5.A





 

 

 

   

   





an: I. M

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Gentle-an:





 





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H. W. JOHNS-MANVILLE CO.





 





 





Albany Chicago Detroit Louisville New York San Francisco

Baltimore Cincinnati Indianapolis Milwaukee Omaha. Seattle

Boston Cleveland. Kansas City Minneapolis Philadelphia St . L068

Buflalo Dallas Los Angeles New Orleans Pittsburgh Syracuse 2060





 





 

 





Sharples Separator Company Dairy Barn.

West Chester, Pl.





 





 





 





   

 

 

 

 

 





Just t your name .

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Saves $35 to $50





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Closest skimming, new type disc owl. ‘

A lot of New Ssnitnr features not found

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Gears thoroughly protected.

Difierent from this picture. which





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illustrates our large capacity __'

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Dairy.





g " __

§llllllllIlllllllllllllIllllllllllll|Illlllll|llllI[Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllIllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllfi

CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





lllllllllllIllllllllllllllllll .

llllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllll





 





PROTECTING WIRE. FENCES FROM

UNRULY COWS.





 





I frequently see in the Michigan

Farmer inquiries about the best way

to prevent a cow from reaching

through a wire fence. I have had

some experience along that line, and

I will undertake to give that expert

ence to the readers of The Farmer.

I take a heavy wire and make a. wire

circle to put around the cow’s nose.

Be sure to make it large enough so

that it will not bother her about feed‘

ing. Then I bring another wire over

the neck just back of the ears, and

fasten it to the first wire on each

side, making a wire halter. I wrap

the second wire around the first two

or three times, and leave an end

sticking out on each side about two

and one-half inches in length. These

ends I fashion into books.



When a cow puts her head through

the fence and undertakes to draw it

out she will get caught by the hooks

nearly every time. She will frequent-

ly work for several minutes before

she gets loose. I never knew a cow

to try this more than two or three

times. They soon get afraid of the

fence. In making such a halter it is

policy to make it large enough so

that it can be pulled off from one cow

and put on another.



Branch Co. 0. A. VANDERBILT.





CREAMERY MEN MEET.





 





The regular quarterly meeting of

the Michigan Association of Creamery

Managers and Owners was held at the

Bancroft House, Saginaw, on May 7,

1914. A large number of the manag-

ers and owners were present and top-

ics relating to the industry were free-

ly discussed by the membership.



The most important thing that

seemed to be on the minds of the

membership was the quality of Michi-

gall butter. W'ith the new tariff law

in effect it seems to be a point of ab-

solute necessity that the creameries

of Michigan must produce better but-

ter if they are to stay in business,

and the industry be placed on a per—

manent basis. The cause for com-

plaint on Michigan butter seems to

be the quality of the raw material.

The members Were not inclined to

place all the blame on the farmer. For

several years past most everybody

seems to have bought most anything

that looked like cream, but it is a.

very general sentiment among the

owners at this session that a better

price must be paid for good cream

and a lower price for bad cream, and

with the enforcement of the new In-

sanitary Cream Law, both the produc-

er and the buyer will be compelled

not to handle the low grade cream as

they are liable to prosecution by the

State Dairy and Food Department.



Arrangements were made by the

owners to systematize a plan of edu-

cation among their patrons to have

them take proper care of the cream

and thus be able to get a higher price

for it, and now, more than ever the

organization wishes to urge upon the

patrons the necessity of keeping their

cream in a clean, cool place and de-

liver frequently to the buyers.





WHEN TO PLANT SOY BEANS FOR

SUCCOTASH SILAGE.





 





Can you give me advice as to the

proper time for sowing soy beans for

silage to with corn, when the

corn I raise takes from 120 to 125

days from planting until it is fit to

cut for silage?



Saginaw Co. G. G.-



Soy. beans mature in aboutthe same

length of time as ensilage corn. Some

people mix the sow bean seed in with





, v,

D

‘3'.

g '3'





the ensllagc corn seed, planting them

both together. Sometimes they plant

the corn and then go over the rows





with a hand-planter and plant the soy.





beans. Sometimes they plant the soy

beans first and then go over the rows

and plant the corn. Where the soy

beans are grown on a separateipiece

of ground I would recommend that as

soon as you get through planting the

ensilage corn_that you plant the soy

beans. I would try and fit the ground

for the beans at about the same time

I did for the corn.

ing corn plant the soy beans and you

will find that they will mature at just.

about the right time so that they will

go into the silo in excellent condition.





I believe it would pay G. G. to try

some soy beans both ways; that is,

plant some of them with the corn and

some of them in a field separate, and

see which he considers to be the most

profitable way. We need some field

experiments along this line. The ques-

tion is, if you have a good stand of

ensllage corn and a good growth, can

you at the same time grow soy beans

to amount to anything right with the

com? If not, of course it will not

pay to plant them. On the other hand

there is a theory that soy beans, be-

ing a plant of a different kind, that is,

one of a. different botanical family,

that this plant will grow with corn

better than we can grow the corn

thicker. It is the same with hay. You

can get a larger crop of hay if you





-mix the grasses than you can if you





have either one of them separate. The

different kind of plants work togeth-

er. It is on the same principle of

mixing a little spring Wheat or a lit-

tle flax in with the oats. Then you

can raise just as many oats and get

the spring wheat, the flax, or the bar.

ley extra.



My past experience has been that if

you have a good stand of ensilage

corn that there isn’t much chance for

anything else to grow in the field, not

even weeds. I planted some soy beans

in with the corn last year and in

some places Where the corn was, rath-

er thin the beans did fairly well. I

have tried other crops to grow in with

the corn, but never succeeded in get-

ting a very good growth if I had a.

good growth of corn. On the other

hand, Where the soy beans are grown

in a separate field in rows 28 inches

apart, and properly cultivated, they

make a luxuriant growth. The prob-

ability is that if you have never rais-

ed soy beans before it will pay you

to inoculate the soil. You can get soy

bean nitro culture from the experi-

ment station or you can send some-

where and get a little soil Where soy

bean-s have been grown successfully

and inoculate the seed. The cost and

the bother is so small that it certain‘

1y should not be omitted. Many peo~

ple think soy beans are going to prove

a valuable forage crop, but What we

want is a number of experiments scat-

tered around among practical farmers

so that we will know What we are

talking about.





 





CATALOG NOTICES.





 





“The James Way,” is the title of

the new 256—page catalog published

by. the James Mfg. 00., Ft. Atkinson,

WIS. This is unique, not only in size

but 1_n make-up. It is handily bound

ln stlfl covers, and has many full-page

1llustrations showing the James equip-

ment as installed in dairy barns, also

showing details of construction, meth-

ods of installation, operation, etc. In

addition to listing the full line of

James barn equipment, this book con-

tains much of valuable information

relating to the construction of dairy

barns, and will prove a. valuable ad-

dition to any farmer’s library. When

writing for same, mention the Michi-

gan Farmer.



Harris stalls, stanchions, fitter and

feed carriers, manufactured by the

Harris Mfg. 00., Salem, Ohio, are ll-





lustrated and described in a folder‘





Esent by this company upon applica-

ion.



Stover Ensilage Cutters, manufac-

tured by the Stover Mfg. 00, Free-





port. 111.. are illustrated and assent)-

ed in detail in a folder sent upon ap.

plication to above address. ‘





Right after plant-'
5





IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIL—‘L‘





MAY 23, 19.14. -





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





JIIII|I||IIIIIIIIII|IIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|II|IIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|I||IIIIIIIIIII_L'§





Live Stock.





filIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII||IIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|I|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII||II|IIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII





E





Rotation of Crops for Hogging Down.





HE following is an abstract of a



lecture on the above subject de-



livered at farmers’ institutes

during the past winter by Hon. Jason

Woodman, County Agent in Farm

Management work in Kalamazoo

county, and the information given is

the result of his observation and study

of conditions in that county and the

state at large:



Many Michigan farmers raise clo-

ver, alfalfa, rape, cowpeas, rye or corn

and hog down these crops. Farms

can be found in almost every neigh-

borhood in southwestern Michigan,

where one of these crops is raised ev-

ery year, and profitably harvested in

this way. Occasionally I have found

two of these crops used for this pur-

pose on the same farm, and on a

very few farms I have found a rota-

tion of three.



A proper combination of three or

four of the crops mentioned, can be

raised with profit on a large propor-

tion of our farms. During the past

winter, various combinations suited

to different soils and conditions were

discussed at our institutes. Following

are some of the rotations suggested

by farmers interested in this prop-

osition:



For smooth land that is not too

sandy, first year corn, second year

COWpeas, third year rape, sown early,

clover and alfalfa sown with the rape,

fourth year clover and alfalfa. Rye

should be sown in the corn about

September 1. The cowpeas can be

planted in rows 28 or 30 inches apart

and cultivated, and rye cultivated in

between the rows in September.



The first crop turned on in the

spring would be rye. Next, about May

10, the clover and alfalfa. About

June 10, the rape would become avail-

able; about August 10 or 15, the cow-

peas, and September 15 to 20 the corn

would be ready to finish the hogs. The

fields should be so arranged as to be

accessible to water and to each other.



It will be observed that as the

spring pigs increase in size and more

feed is needed, this plan provides it.

The clover and alfalfa field is avail-

able for pasture from May 10 to the

end of the season. To this pasture

the rape field is added about June 10,

and can be used until it is necessary

to turn off in the early fall, to give

the clover and alfalfa seeded with it,

a chance to get sufficient growth to

go through the winter. The middle

of August, when it is needed, the cow-

pea field is added to the feeding area.

The cornfield following in Septem-

ber, finishes the Young hogs for the

market.



There is no theory about this propo-

sition. There is not a single feature

in it, that is not in successful opera-

tion on farms with which the writer

is familiar. On one of these farms a.

medium sandy loam, for nine years

satisfactory seedings of clover have

been obtained, where clover was sown

in the spring with rape, and the rape

fed off by hogs. If these fields are

limed or ,marled, alfalfa can be seed-

ed with the clover, and enough al-

falfa can be grown to more than pay

for the small additional expense in-

volved.



Clover, alfalfa and cowpeas enrich

the land, and rape, while not a

legume, is a deep rooted plant, and

adds to, rather than depletes, the fer-

tility of the surface soil.



On light sandy lands, where clover

cannot be depended upon, a rotation

of cowpeas, corn and rape can be

used, with rye as a catch crop be-

tween the other crops, and While a

larger amount of supplementary feed





would be needed for the hogs, espe-

cially during the earlier part of the

summer, still there can be no ques-

tion as to the fact that the land would

grow better under this treatment, and

the hogs would return a good profit.

If the rape is sown in rows and cul-

tivated on these lighter soils, a larger

growth can be secured in a dry year.

The writer knows this from observa-

tion. Rye can be cultivated in be-

tween the rows of rape about Sep-

tember 1, adding to the pasture avail-

able and serving as a cover crop.



Where land is rolling and there is

danger of gullies forming if it is

cultivated, the corn crop can be

Omitted from the rotation, and the

other crops sown broadcast; that is

to say, with all the “feeds’ of the drill

sowing.



On light sandy rolling land, where

a catch of clover cannot be depend-

ed upon, cowpeas, rye and rape can

be used in rotation, the cowpea field

disked up in the latter part of Sep-

tember, and a thick seeding of rye put

on, to be used first for early spring

pasture, and what is left hogged down

after it ripens and reseeded to rye

for a cover crop to be plowed under

for rape the next spring.



The value of the cowpea as a for-

age crop for hogs, is fully shown by

the experience of farmers in this

county, and for that reason is sug-

gested for use in the plans outlined

in this article. It is possible, however,

that within a few years, the cowpea

will be largely replaced by the soy

bean; when the best methods for





'handling the latter crop have been





worked out.



A small portion of the tilled area

of a farm can be used for this hog

rotation, while the bulk of the land

is'used for general farming.



The time has come when, in con-

sidering the advisability of any agri-

cultural practice, its effect on the soil

must not be forgotten. Probably 60

per cent of the pork placed on the

market in the United States is the

product of corn and other grains. As

a rule these hogs go to market, leav-

ing the land on which their feed is

grown, less fertile. The rotation of

forage crops suggested in this article

will build up the soil, and at the same

time, properly managed, will produce

a satisfactory revenue.





.LIVE STOCK NEWS.





 





The recent large demand at various

points for high-class breeding cattle

is significant as pointing to a revival

of the beef cattle industry.

the several breeds this year show av-

erage advances of 25 per cent over

previous prices, the demand coming

from all directions, including buyers

owning large tracts of cut-over lands

in Michigan and Wisconsin. Much of

these lands are priced at compara-

tively low figures, yet they are cap-

able of being put to good use in rais-

ing cattle. At the Denver sale of

breeding cattle in January buyers

purchased breeding bulls by carloads

at $400 down to $150 per head.



Sheep and lambs carried through

the winter in states where the sheep

industry flourishes have been largely

marketed, and good markets should

be witnessed from now on. Iowa

Went into sheep and lamb fattening

more extensively than ever before,

one great stimulus being inability to

secure the usual supplies of stock and

feeder cattle last autumn, so that

many stockmen switched over to mut-

ton production, with good results in

a great majority of cases, notwith-

standing the dearness of feed.



The Chicago packers have been dis-

criminating against hogs held by

speculators, and the latter have had

a hard time in disposing of the sec-

ond-hand hogs. Packers are fighting

the upward tendency of the market,

but so far they have not accomplish-

ed much in holding down prices. ?





 





 





 





 





We are flee originator: of the





I anly guarantee that stamir the





 





 





value on the market.





all kinds.





cultivators, barrows,





 





poultrymen, fruit





etc. ., just say





 





 





 





 





 





test in the scales of inflict. h

._.____.____.__.__________s





 





Even if we asked as much

as others, the Little Jap would

still be the greatest cultivator





We





guarantee it to please you bet-

ter than any other cultivator

you can possibly buy or we will

gladly refund your money.

The Bradley line includes

single row and double row rid—

ing and walking cultivators of

You will find them

fully described in our big Gen-

eral Catalog, but if you want

our new Cultivator and Im-

plement Book,which describes

our complete line of Bradley

plows,

planters, etc., besides buggies,

wagons, harness, gasoline en-

gines, supplies for dairymen,

growers,

“Send me Cul-

tivator Book No.75M64





 





0 other farm implement of



modern times has so clearly



demonstrated its superiority

over all others of its kind. The

patented Pivot Axle Seat Bar

Lever Dodging Device can be

obtained only on the Little Jap.

It is the only cultivator perfectly

adapted .for either hillside or _

level ground Use-among straight

or crooked rows. A boy can oper-

ate it as easily as a man—weight

of operator makes no difference.



The Little Jap is the easiest of

all cultivators for the team to

handle.



\Vc furnish the Little Jap with

all kinds of pin break and spring

trip shovel gangs, surface gangs,

spring tooth gangs and disc

gangs.





Prices from $521.25 up,





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Sales of ,





 





your roof





disappears and doesn’t come back

when you lay Genasco roofing. :1...

Genasco doesn’t crack, rot, crumble,

or leak from the fiercest assault of any





weather.





@enasep





KTHE TRlllDAP' LAKE ASPHALT





 





is a weather-proofer that si‘ays weather-proof.

Made of natural asphalt from Trinidad Lake,

and keeps full of life and resisting power.





Ask your dealer for Genasco. Look for the trademark. THE KANT-LEAK

KLEET is the improved fastener that makes seams watertight without cement and





prevents nail-leaks.





The trouble with





The





Barber Asphalt Paving Company





Largest producers in the world of asphalt and ready roofing





Philadelphia





San Francisco





New York





 





 





 





   





11





“1| _





fiat





_ .
Whetr'l‘lie Fertile: Needs

‘..~,‘CU MM ENG”

Price $17.75 P. 0. B. Chicago.

Weill! ml:- Wrfifer Hermit.

‘ J. L. HEWITT C0.

940K. Lewis: Am, Cflace.





POULTRY.

15 for ”.50.





Hm Goal Mt Island ltd Egg: My“...





BUELL 3308.. Ann Arbor. “lemurs





 





 





‘l"l‘ENTlON—-O t r‘ces on gs from S.S.Hembur .

R. 0. While Horn. 13.? Books. Pawn l thtse

runners balance season. Oiroular. Reg. Holstein Bull

reedy for service. Riva-view In, R. No. 8. Veneer. Ileli.





INGLET BARRED ROCKS—The wilni and lay-



ing strain. Birds of nullity {size 5 I per 13.

M. B. Turkey as 5. selected matin‘g $2. per 11). Yeers

ofexperience. le'uiview Stock E arm. Romeo. Mich.





YMOUTH Bock cockerele 6 to 11 lbs” according to

PE”, hene5to Bibs" 15 new $1; Mammoth Bronze

Tom Turkeymfi to 36 lbs. nooordrnfi to ego. Price $8

to 3%. 10688331 A. E OEAMTO . Vassar. Mich.





STANDARD BRED R. l. REDS





Rose & Sin 600mb. 3. L. Wynndottee. Peer! Guineas.

F. t W. . R. ucks. Eggs (show quality) final

15, need frolic) 5pm 36. All sent 1

P. A a 'm. sub. to Mlchl an oultry Breel_er

given to each customer. FfiENC’H FRUIT .4”

POULTRY FARMS. Ludington. Michigan.

BAIIIIRED PLYD‘iOUTfifiltlSOOES—(bfimglgngll 53ch.

e u an year no . f

for £33356 gnggANDER BROS.. Motley. Mic .





Barred P. Hock Eggs

A. A. PATTULLO.

£36.}-flfl—Bamd Prymouth Rocks. Bred-tool”.





Eggs. $1.60 r 15: $2.75 per 30.

EGG-A-DAY Pou try Bunch. Mairshell. Mich.





Bamd M Eggs, 15 For $1.50, 100 For 37.





W. O. OOFFMAN. R. No. 6, Benton Harbor. Mich





“MED ROCK EGGS Hill lllllllllllfi“:’fd‘°,‘;‘3’153:





J. A. BARNUM. Union City. Michigan.





~From the Bradley strain for

Hatching at 81.50 per setting.

Deckerville. Michigan.





HICKS—We ship thousands each season. Booking

Corders now for spring delivery. Prices always riulit.

Free booklet. Freepert Hueherv. Box 1!. Freemrt. Mich.





LILLIB PARHSTBAU POULTRY

B. P. Rooks. B. I. Bede. end 8. O. W. ”horn on

for ”le‘ modib§b?Li§m’hloéogomfmuié§auion.





Pekin Buck: and B. ll. Br. leghoni





5 r 100

A’LEHICHIGAI.





FOR SALE





EGGS $1 per setting

CLAUDIA BETTS, HILLS

setting eggs.





SINGLE 00MB RHODE ISLAND HEB :0. 31,50 0.





for $2.50. WM. LANGLEY, R. 1, Fennville, Mich.





 





15

3O





AHOY (B. 0.) WHITE LEGHORN COCIKYTRELS.

Price. $2 and $3 each. Choice eggs, #1 per setting.

John McNicoll. Station A., ll. 4. Bay City. Michigan.

Orpington, SI per 15.





E668 FUR "‘TcHIHG—SBZufg per 45; $5 per 100‘





MRS. CALVIN FULLER. B. No. 2. Bancroft, Mich.





 





E6631 Pure bred White Wyandottes. Light Brahmas.

- 31.50 per 15: $2.50 per 30. Satisfaction guanin-

eed. MRS. E. l). BISHOP, Luke Udessu. Michigan.





 





' ' ‘ ——Lny. ziy. weigh, try

Pine Cresi While Orpinglons ..,.,,,,P.,,,. .5... m

82.50 er 15, utility $7 per m0, MRS. WILLIS

HOU H, Pine Crest Farm. Royal Oak. Michigan.





8 l WYlllllOllE EGGS‘Fg’mi’l.“will?“ ”lat-"2i“



l I n 'I‘ S.



Satisfaction guaranteed. F. 1?. Conifer. ll)l\)§(‘fl- Mich.



s c B Minolta Eggs—31.50 and £2.50 for setting

I I I





of if). A few choice lfall boars.

Satisfaction guaranteed. R. W. Mills, Saline. Mich.





ILVER. White and Golden Wyandot‘ies. Eggs from

Whites $1.51! per 15, 5‘2 59) per 30. Silvers a Goldene st catalog





 





prices. Browning’s Wyendotte anii. Portleiid. Michigen.



' — from beat ns 52 per 15: $3

Whll’ wlzllldOllIS per ; ’10 pet mfirom 3 pens 750

per 15. avid Ray, Miler-est Ave” Ypsilanti. Mich.





 





DOG





Fox and Wall Hounds





ol the besl English :imn In lmenca

40 years experience in breeding

these fine hounds for my own

sport. Save your pigs sheep and

poultry. Send stamp for catalog.





T. B.-HUDSPETH,

Sibley, Jackson County,





Hound: ’gihfifitgfifiFfilfgfifim Shailaml Pony Mam





SendZoetamp. W. 1‘}. LECKY, Holmesville. Ohio.





F0 R SA L E"§$§€‘e°a. ‘i" ‘33 en.%“33l?§ia It‘ll-ll





PLYMOUTH KENN ELS. Wayne Co..Plyniouth. Mich.





 





 





Mo.





 





For Boys and Girls.





1 b0 9 and girls desire a watch that

thgylcanxberry and that will give_theni the

correct time whenever they want it.



We can make it possible for tiny boy or

girl toget an excellent watch Without one

cent of cost and just a. couple ol hours of

their time alter school or on Saturday.



, We have both boys watches and the small

girl watches, state which kind you want and

we will write you how you can get it. Address





B. 8 6. Dept. The lichlgen Farmer, Detroit.





l





 





 





Horses plodding in the fur-

row year after year pack down

the soil and gradually form a

share hardpaii. But the Cater-

pillar Tractor doesn‘t travel in

the furrow. Besides, it plows

deep enough to brain up this

lard, packed soil and turns up

ground you never farmed be-

fore.



The Caterpillar will not hurt

any soil, at any time. You

can use it on damp ground,

plowed ground, or cultivated

ground without packing it.

The long, wide track distrib-

utes the tractor’r weight so

there is less than 7 pounds’

pressure to the square inch.





   





21?. ‘1: Fl}!- Y-‘l-l‘: h": Y i '1'. , '5" h





 

 

 





4





pm





1 I e

...; .e'





'.

- v





1 ’ii .{A‘





 





:l‘l-l-‘l-i-A5ld-J‘l<l-.I:l-lcl‘|s . '





.-





 





- ,.

4 n e

..........





Reg U S Dot OlT





Think what this light tread

mains in discing, harrowing,

or harvesting! Think what it

means to summer-fallow quick-

ly with a tractor—to go over

the ground after every rain

and save the moisture.



Heavy tractors pack your

,V' ground too much-—horscs are

El not strong enough nor fast



enough. The Caterpillar does

notslip. It wastes no power——

so it pulls a big load for its

weight. It will harvest, haul,

thresh— work every day, rain

or shine, and all night if you

want it to.‘ Learn more about

it. Ask our nearest branch for

catalog E143





lllE ion llllllFlcmllIlG comm





incorpo rated





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





a {mu inf-in “an 1-14 -1-ir131#i-131-i'i





M.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





v





v





   

   





er: .4 - gnu-i Elohim imp-urefimu 3»:





 

 





 

 





, Peoria. Ill. Stockton. Cal.

’ New York. N. Y. Spokene. Wash. " ..





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Never Saw Peas

Do 30 We"





This is whet a user (name on request)

says about his experience With





Ferguson’s





NITROGEN

BACTERIA





He made a close comparison, inoculating

part of his pens with the bacteria. plant-

ing others near them without inocu-

lation. Those without the inoculetion

dried up and died: the others yielded a

wonderful crop.





This is the usual experience of any one

who inoculates legume seeds— peas.

beans. alfalfa. clover, watch-with Fer-

guson's Bacteria. Plants MUST have ni-

trogen. Ferguson‘s Bacteria gather Nitro-

gen from the air and store it on the roots

of the plants They store up more than

the plants can use, so the. part is left to

enrich the soil for future crops. The same

bottle contains all varieties of Bac-

teria necessary for the inoculation of

any legume.





Better than the but commercial

fertilizer at one-twentieth the cool.

Quarter-acre quantity. 500; one acre. 32;

five acres, Let usexplain why on

need Nitrogen Bacteria and why or-

gnson's is best. Write for special book-

let M. free. .





HOMEWOOD NITROGEN CO.

51 Liberty St., New York City





We want agents—A very liberal of”.





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

   





 





Amarican Standard-F. & W. Indian Runner Ducks





Crystal White Ega strain. R. 0.





stlu Win 1

storm. All Eggs fleet. 11 DB





Gay 6. Brawn. Nashville, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Sections, Foundation. Bee Veils. Smokers, a complete line of supplies for has keepers,

ready for immediate shipment. “page catalogue free.





A. G. WOODMAN 00.. Dept. M. 3., Grand Rapids, Michigan.





_ =- a,\.....'

”me. S





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Been Wu Wanted.





55

g

as

a

'g,

=

g

a





 





..., :i..4l,v

| -i,,.1:..,, . »..'





Poultry.





. Ill!|lHllllllllllI|IlllllIlll|I1lllllllllllHIIllllIlIIIllIIlllllllllllllllHillllHilllllllllllllllHllllllllllllllll

ABOUT GEESE.





   





.‘Illlllllllllllllllllllllllll . ,





[7,5





 





For many years there hasibeen suf—

ficient demand for goose’fiesh as to

assure high prices. The feathers have





. also commanded a high price and the





breeder of geese can always derive a

considerable profit from this source.

Bearing these facts in mind and con-

sidering hOW easy the goose is to

raise, and how cheap its food, more

farmers would find it 'a profitable

side-line. All breeders of long expert!

ence with whom I have talked say

that there is more money in geese

than in any other class of poultry.

The risk of loss is smaller than with

ducks, turkeys or chickens. They are

the healthiest and heartiest of all

fowls, seldom dying from diseases.





Geese Easy to Keep.



Some people are of the opinion that

a goose will eat as much as a hog,

but this is not true. Old geese are

strictly grazing creatures when pas-

ture is available, and the goslings can

be grown to five months of age with

less than one peck of grain each. The

principal ration of these fowls dur-

ing the summer and fall months is

composed of grass, weeds and insects.

sheep for cleaning up weeds.



0n nearly every farm there are a

few places that are worthless for cul-

tivation. All such places could be

utilized for a. geese pasture with prof-

itable results. Low, marshy ground

makes a good run for both old fowls.

and goslings if they can have a dry

spot on high ground for a resting

place during the day and at night. It

must not be understood, however,

that waste ground is essential for the

raising of geese. They will thrive up-

on any pasture suitable for cattle,

sheep or hogs.‘ Cattle and geese will

run peacefully together, but overpas~

turing with geese is bad practice

since the fowls soil the grass so bad’

ly that cattle do not like to graze af-

ter them, and if confined in a small

pasture they will soon‘ kill it out.

Geese can be raised successfully with-

out water to swim in, but if a small

stream runs through the pasture, or

if there is a spring pond, all the bet«

ter. Ponds that are simply accumula-

tions of stagnant water are not de-

sirable.





Confining Geese.



The chief objections to geese are

their noisy and dirty ways. And in

fact, they are a nuisance if allowed

to run where they please, as they are

sure to be destructive to growing

crops and they will dirty the drinking

water for the stock. But as a rule

they are easily controlled, especially

the large varieties. Geese will not

thrive in close confinement, but they

should be fenced away from the yard,

garden and stock tanks. A three‘foot

wire netting fence will hold most of

the breeds





Experienced breeders of geese say





ithat it is best to purchase breeding





birds in the fall, as it takes some

time for geese to become accustomed

to each other and they will not mate

up until they become thoroughly ac-

quainted. The choosing of mates gen-

erally takes place about the first of

February. Geese are naturally mono-

gamous in their wild state, but under

artificial conditions a gander will

mate with several partners. But for

good results the gander should never

be mated to more than three females.

Geese are very faithful and will live

in families for years, the same mating

taking place each spring year after

year. But it is not desirable to use

genders over four years old. Young

genders are more active and insure

greater fertility in the eggs than old

birds. The latter also become quar-

relsome and ugly with age.





 





The females are good for breeding





MAY 23, 191.4.





purposes for 10 or 12 years, or even

longer. They are longlllved and have

been known to produce hatchabie

eggs up to 30 years of age. Two-

year-old females can be used for

breeding purposes, but they reach

their best at three" years of age. The

eggs of yearling geese seldom hatch

well. Once the foundation is laid for

goose farming there is no advantage

in selling off the old stock of females

until they reach a ripe old age,- as

they are the best for breeding pur-

poses and the young birds bring the

best prices in the markets.



Indiana. W. F. PUBDUE





 





 





uncnowu THE noosran.





 





Mr. Rooster, monarch of all be our

veys, and absolute boss of the flock,

is surely a, prepossessing fellow and

at certain times of the year he is as

useful as he is beautiful. But at oth-

er times he is of no earthly good.

Therefore, he had better be in chick-





, en heaven, for all he does is bother





the hens, eat, look nice, and fight

when opportunity ofl'ers.



Under natural, or jungle conditions,

the master undoubtedly was useful as ’

well as ornamental throughout the en

tire season. He kept diligent watch

and protected the members of his

harem even to the point of giving up

his life for them. But since man has

taken a. hand in running things in

general on this earth, he furnishes

this protection and has brought the

hen to be an efficient producer of ma-

terial wealth. In order to do this he

has regulated her habits and for his

own advantage he has put a. limit to

her breeding season. The middle of

May is considered by those who know,

the latest that it is profitable to breed

hens in this state. After that the hen

should keep happily busy laying hen

fruit for human production.



infertile Eggs Preferred.



Buyers will pay a premium for in-

fertile eggs. because. if they can be

assured that the eggs are infertile,

they can be absolutely sure that they

will get egg, all egg. and not some

chicken. Because the egg shell can

cover a. multitude of natural develop-

ments, the farmers in this state are

losing about a half million dollars a.

year and the producers of good eggs

have to suffer with those selling poor

ones, because the buyer is taking

chances when he buys. It is the ele-

ment of uncertainty and the lack of

faith which brings down the price of

any commodity. Both of these are in-

volved in the buying of eggs during

the warm weather.



You may not intentionally sell

chickens in original packages, but if

the eggs your hens lay are fertile they

may develop conditions, which buyers

greatly dislike while standing on the

railWay platform, in the store win-

dow, or even when in the nest where

several hens are laying. It does not

take very much when it is 90 in the

shade, to start the germ on its way

to feathers. The trouble is that it

never gets there. Usually it just

about gets started, and then it gets

cold feet and dies. -



Dispose of Rooster.



Therefore, if you wish to get better

prices for your eggs and at the same

time help bring the egg business to a.

standard of certainty and faith, un-

crown King Rooster and do it before

the first of June. He can be given a.

fitting and useful end by gracing the

Sunday dinner table, provided he is

boiled long enough.



You may have a rooster which is

royal blooded enough that you are

willing to pay his board bill through-

out the season so that he can be the

father of quality stock the next spring.

Then consign him to comfortable.

bachelor quarters where he can do

anything he pleases and not bother

the women of the henhouse. At any

rate, for the good of the egg business,

the hens, and yourself, have your,

flock roosterless after the first of,

June.
MAY 23. 1914.





 





THE‘MICHIGAN FARME'R





 





. 7—551





 





g"Illlllllllllllllllllll|ll|IllIII|Illlllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|l|l|llllllllllllHllHHllNlllllHlHl|l|I|llIlllllllllllllllllllllllflIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllll|IIHIlllll|Illlll||lllllllllllhilllllllIllllllllllllllllll”HIE

Horticulture.

Ell“Illlllllll||IlllllllllllllllllllllllIIllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllIHII!||lIll|lllll|llllIIll]I|lllllll|Ill!|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllll|IllIlllll|Ill!|Illlll||||l|llllllllllllllllHllllllIlllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi





SPRAYING AFTER THE BLOS-

SOMS.





 





Without a doubt the spraying after

the blossoms is the most important.

application on all tree fruits for the

production of good fruit. The time

and method of application for this-

spray will determine more than any-

thing else, the freedom of the fruit

from insect and fungus injury. Of

such value is this application that in

some places the growers will rely en-

tirely upon one thorough application

at this time to keep their fruit clean.



Spraying Apples and Pears.



It is also probably the hardest

spray to apply because of the limited

time one has to apply it for the best

effect, especially in the case of the

apples and pears. It is most essential

in the case of these fruits to apply

the spray before the calyx cup closes

as it is known that about three-

fourths of the first brood of the codlin

moth, by far the worst insect pest of

these fruits, enter the fruit through

the calyx. Therefore, if one has con-

siderable spraying to do it is advis-

able to start when the petals ‘are

dropping freely and about half of the

petals are off.



Spraying Plums and Cherries.



In the case of the stone fruits, the

plums and the cherries, an applica-

tion should be made just after the

blossoms drop, 'but there is more lati-





ent this spraying may be omitted. An-

other application should be made in

abOut two weeks after the first, and a

third about a month before the fruit

ripens. The materials to use for all

of these applications are arsenate of

lead and self-boiled lime—sulphur.



The self-boiled lime-sulphur is made

by starting eight pounds of fresh lime

slaking, and when it is boiling well

throw in eight pounds of flowers of

sulphur, which has been sifted. Wa-

ter should be added gradually through

the process but care should be taken

to keep from adding too much water

and in that way drown the lime. Af‘

ter the action of the lime has ceased

plenty of water should be added to

cool the mixture. If allowed to re-

main hot for some time the lime and

sulphur will go into chemical combi-

nation as in the case of the regular

boiled lime-sulphur. This is liable to

cause serious burning of the foliage.

The above amount is enough for 50

gallons of spray; to it two pounds of

arsenate of lead should be added.



It is rather hard to make the self-

boiled lime-sulphur satisfactory in

such small amounts as one must be

careful in slaking the lime in such

small quantities. Made in 150 or 200

gallon lots the mixture works up nice-

ly. However, if the smaller amount

is all that is desired, warm water





should be used in the process of slak-

ing.the lime.





The mixture should be





 





 





 





 





 





 





Peach Buds in Condition for First Spraying.





tude in the time of application than

in the case of the core fruits. Some

growers wait until the shucks are

coming off quite freely, but in waiting

that long one is liable to have trouble

with curculio; also, for fungicidal pur-

poses it is not advisable to leave the

trees unprotected so long.



When and How to Spray Peaches.



The summer spraying of peaches

has not become a common practice

yet, but it will soon be that all grow-

ers will realize its value. The peach

scab, or black spot, the curculio and

the rot, are the chief peach troubles

controlled by spraying. In some high

locations, which have good air circu—

lation and drainage, the fungus trou-

bles do little damage except in un-

favorable seasons. Spraying tests in

such places failed to give results be-

cause the unsprayed fruit was as free

from blemishes as the sprayed. How-

ever, it has been found that sprayed

fruit will hold up in shipment better

and will keep longer than unsprayed

fruit. For that purpose alone the

' spraying will be worth while.



The spraying for the peach should

not bexdone immediately after blos-

som petals fall, but when most of the

shucks have fallen. This spraying is

most important in the control‘of the

curculio and if that insect is not pres-





\





strained before putting it in the spray

tank and good agitation is necessary

while spraying.



The Best Spray Material.



The commercial, or boiled, lime-sul-

phur and arsenate Of lead are the two

best spray materials to control the

insect and fungus troubles of the

other tree fruits mentioned. For ap-

ples the lime-sulphur should be used

at the strength of one to 40, while for

the other fruits one to 50 will be

found efficient. In all cases the arse-

nate of lead should be used at the

rate of two-pounds to 50 gallons of

spray. V



Some believe that the Bordeaux

mixture is the best for plums and

peaches because they think it con-

trols the fungus troubles better. Ob-

servations and experiments by com-

petent investigators show, however,

that lime-sulphur will control these

troubles on plum and cherry as well

as Bordeaux, and, as it is handier and

more economical to use it should be

preferred.



Thoroughness, is, of course, an es-

sential factor in all Sprayings but in

this application it is most important

because at this time of the year con-

ditions are favorable for the develop-

ment of the fungi and the fruit is

very susceptible to its attacks.





 





 





America’s Telephones Lead the World





Service Best—Cost Lowest





From ".de Peti! Phare de Nantes,” Paris





“But todayl found I had to talk with

Saint Malo, and, wishing to be put through

quickly. I had my name inscribed on the

waiting list first thing in the morning; the

operator told me-‘though very amiably, I

must confess—that I would have to wait

thirteen hours and ten minutes (you are

reading it right) in order to be put

through."





Dr. R. Luther, tn the Dresdner A nzelger





"In the year l9l3, 36 years after the dis-

covery of the electro-magnetic telephone.

in the age of the beginning of wireless

telegraphy, one of the largest cities of

Germany. Dresden. with half a million in-

habitants, is without adequate telephone

facilities."





 





Herr Haberlaml, Deputy, in the Reichalag





"The average time required to get a





connection with Berlin is now Ia}: hours.

Our business life and trade suffer con-

siderably on account of this lack of tele.

phone facilities, which exists not only

between Dusseldorf and Berlin and be.

tween Berlin and the West, but also be-

tween other towns, such as Strassburg,

Antwerp. etc." .





Herr Wendel, in The German Die!





"I refer here to Freiberg. There the

entire telephone service is interrupted at 9

o'clock p. m. Five minutes after 9 o'clock

it is impossible to obtain a telephone

connection."





- Real Average Cost of Telephone Service

per year to a subscriber in the United





mm sures





swrrzEnLAND

NETHERIANDS

NORWAY

SWEDEN

RUSSIA

DENMARK

GREAT BRITAIN





 





 





 





 





GERMAN EMPIRE _

FRANCE ’

ITALY

HUNGARY?

‘AUSTRIA

BULGARI"

BELGIUM.

SPAIN





States and European countries





(based on official reports).





Note: In translatin European cost: into

American dogllars, consideration has

been given to the relative purchaling

‘ . wer of money in Europe and the



‘ ‘ nited States as shown by Opel.





aton' wages.





 





Powwow





Q19. 9.20 Jan‘so‘fso' ‘aa ‘70 ‘oo ‘90 ‘ioo ’uo ’izo ‘iso ‘uo ‘iso ‘ieo ‘iio?





These are the reasons why there are twelve times as many tele-

phones for each hundred persons in the United States as in Europe.





 





One Policy





AMERICAN TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMPANy

AND ASSOCIATED COMPANIES





 





Pulverized Magnesia Lime Rock,

shipped direct to farmers at lowest

prices. Comes to you in closed cars

and absolutely dry. We ship from

Muskegon and Bentor Harbor, Mich.





W'rite today for interesting Book-

lets and sample.





LAKE SHORE STONE

MILWAUKEE, WIS.





C0.,





 





Sprayer.





N SURE the

potatoes and

other





.‘





F0. K. Champion





 

 

 





v e g e-

tables,

also

fruit and

trees from dis-

ease and pests.





ALI. BRASS





‘ . _double acting high pres-

sure pump With relief valve. Absolute satis.

faction Write today for our F E



DESCRI IVE LITERATURE, E'IC. n E

describing Sprayers. Planters, Diggers, etc.

champion Potato Machinery 00.,





 





 





145 Chicago Avenue, Hammond, Indiana“





 





 





 





 





wheels

Back

Save draft—save repairs.





Don’t rut roads or fields. Send I oday for tree

illustrated catalog of wheels and wagons.





Electric Whool 60., 35 Elm 81.. Quincy, III.





 





 





Steel

Save YOUR





   

 

 





   





 





 





Che System Universal Servic.

Th "B I! '



0.2..." " n The White Basket



That secures hi heat.



tires for your ruit.





'rite for 1914 catalog

showing our completelino

and secure your baskets

and crates at WINTER.

DISCOUNTS.





The Berlin Fruit Box Go.

loilln Heights. Ohlo.





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





The ACRE-AN-HOUR Sifter

Beats every hand implement for killing Po-

.. “to, Melon Buns. t'ahhagr Worms. etc. Applies

Plaster. Lime em, mixed with Paris Green

01' Arseniitc of Lead. Regulates in cover big

or little plants. also to apply any quantity of

, any kind of iiinnufiu'turi-d dry insecticides.

Will operate "5 fast as iii-sired Belter,ens—

ier and faster than any $5, $10 or $l5

spray punlp. Illtlsttrll your dciiler show-

ing you this wonderful little implement.

Prepaid. 750 Agents wanted. (,‘irculurs.



ACRE-AN-HOUR SIFTER CO.



DEPT. E. POUOHKEEPSIE, N. Y.:





ALFALFA SEED





We are offering the finest. grades Western Grown

Alfalfa. grown on unirrigatcd land and especially

adapted for Mich'lgan seeding. Type sam ple submitted

to Michigan Agricultural College shows purity test of

999-10 per cent on only 1-10 at W impurities. Analysis

shows no trace of noxious weeds. This is as ure 5 seed

as can he Brown. Price per bushel $9. ago free.

REID & McCABE. Emmett. Michigan.





 





—Grest soil improverH. heavy yielders,hi h

80, Beans feeding value, beet variety tested Agrlciil-

tural College. ‘3 per bu. 0.D.Woodhury.Lanslng.Mich.





' AND NANCY HALL SWEET

Early TflumPh POTATOES. succeeds anywhere.

Ogeklaigdre‘dv ants delivered. 500. (it Plants.





 





p .her

A U 0 H T E L, UPTONVILLE, 0A





SEED CORN—glob. Yfiellov:i Dogmthomg.



own, re r , t .

Golden Fleece and Reg. Swedish Select (lite. egefiid

for sample and circular. F.A. Bywater. Memphis.Mirh.





~1000 bus. 1912 crop. Irn . Earl

508d Corn Learning, Reid's Yellopw Deni".

and White Gap. Finest. quality. germination perfect.

82 per bu. Catalog free. THEO. BURT a SONS. Itelrme,0.





HITE CAP DENT SEED CORN, fire dried, 98%





germination. $2.50 per bushel shelled. bags free.

ALFADALE FARM. St. Johns. Michigan.





SWEET

CLOVER ass; was Inst-utters





 





 





 





 





SEED. pure white and biennial

yellow. Prices and circular how





 





BEE IIIVES,‘ SECTIONS,





Comb Foundation.



We sell everything for the



ueens. Cata-

anted.





 

 





M. II. IIIIIIT a 80",; Box 525 lMISIIIG, HIGH.





BERRY BASKETS

‘and GRATES.

Send for price list, We sell 200





Wax-lined Paper Berry Baskets

for 81 post paid.
552—8 l .





, The M‘ichil'gaii Farmer

Elublilhed 1843. Copyright 1914.





The Lawrence Publishing Co.





Editors and Proprietors.

39 to 45 Con ress St. West. Detroit. Michigan.

ELEPHONE MAIN 45%.

NEW YORK OFFICE—41 Park Row.

Omcaeo Orifice—004 Advertising Building.

Onsvzmn Union-10114015 Oregon Ave., N E





M. d.-LAWBENCE.

M L. LAWRENCE ....................Vioe-Presldent





 





. . . President





 





 





n'n. Hove :i'ron'f ......................... Sec.-Treas.

I. n. wxrnasusy .......................... 1

BURTwmsuu'rn........................... Associate

F. A. WILKEN... f Editors.

syn LAWSON LITTELL .................



E. H. HOUGHTON.... ........'..Business Manager





 





TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:





One year. 52 issues ................................ 50 cents

Two years. 10419.net... .sl.00

Three years 156 issues ................................ .

Five years. ‘260 issues.... ..2.00

All sent postpaid.



Canadian subscriptions 500 a year extra for postage



Always send money by draft, postofioe money order,

registered letter or by express. We Will not be re.

sponsible for money sent in letters. Address all con-

munications to. and make all drafts cheeks a poet-

oiilce orders payable to, the LawrencePublishins 00.





WE GUARANTEE to stop . THE MICHIGAN

FARMEB immediatly upon expiration of time sub-

scribed for. and we will pay all expenses for defending

any suit, brought against any subscriber to The Mich-

igan Farmer by the publisher of any farm paper.

which has been sent after the time ordered has expired.

providing due notice is sent to us. before an .t is started





RATES OF ADVERTISING.



40 cents or line agate type measurement, or $5.60

per inch ( 4 agate lines per inch) each insertion. No

adv't inserted for less than $1.20 per insertion: No

objectionable advertisements inserted at any rice.-



lflntered as second class matter at the etroit.

Michigan. postoflioe.





DETROIT, MAY 23. 1914.





 





 





 





 





 





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





The leading article

in this issue is a

symposium on “The

Cost Of a Crop,”

which we believe will prove interest-

ing to Michigan Farmer readers. Not

the least interesting of the opinions

published under this head is that pre-

sented in the last section of the arti-

cle, in which the gentleman whose

previous article is commented on by

the other writers whose opinions are

given, asks the very pertinent ques-





“Why Know the

Cost?”





tion, “Why know the cost,” and at- ,





tempts to prove that there is really

no object in the farmer knowing what

it costs him to grow crops in general

or the potato crop in particular.





'While there may be very good rea-

sons, as stated by one of the contrib-

utors to this discussion, why it ill be-

comes a farmer to dwell on how

cheaply he can produce a certain

commodity, we do not believe this

writer’s position that it will prove

profitless to a farmer to know what

it costs to produce any product which

is grown for sale on his farm, to be

well taken. In fact, to use the com-

parison presented in the article re

ferred to, it would seem even more

essential that the farmer should know

what any given crop produced on his

farm costs in money, time and labor,

than that the plow manufacturer know

exactly what his product costs him.

The apparent reason for this state-

ment is that the farmer is engaged

in a complex business, some depart—

ments of which may be conducted at

a profit, while other branches are

carried on at a loss, and an accurate

knowledge of costs Would enable him

to reduce or eliminate the unprofit—

able or uncertain items of production

and specialize more particularly in

the more profitable lines to which his

farm is adapted. It is true that un-

der present conditions the farmer has

no power to fix the price at which his

products sell on the open market and

that his market is far more uncertain

so far as stability of price is concern-

ed than is that of the plow manufac-

turer, for instance, and yet the plow

manufacturer has the‘ power of fixing

prices only within narrow limits,

since there are always competing pro-

ducers in his field, and as he produces

but a single article the only way in

which an accurate cost record will

help him in the making of a profit is

in enabling him the better to analyze

costs and perhaps materially reduce

them without lowering the value of

his finished product. While little em-

phasis has been placed on this fea-

ture of a cost record for the farm, it





 





.THE’MJCHIGAN..FARMEIi'.





will have a meadure of the same ad-

vantage for the farmer in this re-

spect that it has for the manufactur-

er, and this is but another argumen

in its favor. ~





It is true that the price which the

farmers of the country receive for any

special product, such as potatoes, for

instance, depends principally, as this

writer has well said, upon the size

of the crop, and that an excessively

large crop may bring less money to

the producers than a normal or short

crop. But this would not appear to

be a good reason for deprecating the

work of the potato growers’ associa-





25 tions, even if the question mark used





after growers were wholly appropri-

ate, and although some of the influ-

ences identified therewith may be

working toward the stimulation of

greater production. Some of the work

already attempted in certain sections

of Michigan by this organization is

undoubtedly well calculated to bene-

fit producers, especially the standard-

ization of the product which‘is the

line along which most 'of the initial

work seems to have been done. And

if there are possibilities of a broader

benefit to producers from the work of

such an organization, as we believe

there undoubtedly are, all the potato

growers have to do to realize them is

to affiliate with the organization and

assume its direction along the desired

lines. 4



We think and we believe, that upon

reflection the reader will hold with us,

that it is hardly possible that the

farmer is an exception among busi-

ness men in that he can possibly

know too much about the details of

his business. Nor do we believe that

the farmers of the state or country

can be too well organized along in.

dustrial lines, particularly along lines

of special production. “In unity there

is strength,” and there are plenty of

examples to prove that this is just as

true in its relation to commercial, as

to civic unity.





The “Road Bee,”



A Road Bee Date Where general in-

for Michigan. terest of town and

country people



alike hasbeen aroused, has proven an

effective means of improving the com-

mon earth roads in various sections

of the country in recent years. Per-

haps this form of road improvement

has reached its greatest development

in Missouri, where long sections of

earth road have been worked with the

King drag and improved in other

ways byvthe donated labor of inter-

ested citizens. In at least one section

of Michigan similar results were at-





tained in a similar manner last year. _





So successful did this effort prove

that Governor Ferris has acted on the

suggestion of the organization which

fostered the movement and other or-

ganizations interested in the promo-

tion of road improvement in Michigan

by issuing the following proclamation

designating an official road bee date

for Michigan this year:



In 1913 the townships of Michigan

raised $4,336,029 for the improvement

and repair of highways; 44 counties

under the county road system levied

county road taxes amounting to $1,-

621,681 and the state appropriated

$800,000 for the payment of state re-

wards, making a grand total of $6,757,-

710 which was raised by direct taxa-

tion and expended on the rural high-

ways. Added to this, many townships

and counties raised money by bond

ing and many public spirited citizens

gave freely in money and labor, so

that it is a low estimate to say that

at least seven millions of dollars were

expended on Michigan’s roads during

the past year.



While this has resulted in the

building of more miles of excellent

highways than were ever before built

in a single year, there is still much to

be desired. The people want more

good roads and want all of the roads

cared for better than they have been

in the past.



Last year on June 9 the Huron

Shore Road Association observed the

first “Road Bee, Day" ever held in this

state. It was a success; wet pieces

of road were drained; 1088. roots,





stumps and stones Were: removed from

the roadway; bad stretches of clay

were sanded; bad pieces of sand were

ciayed; gravel‘was hauled; road drags

were set to work, and altogether so





‘much enthusiasm was aroused that





many farmers put in a full week in-

stead of one day. By this concerted

effort some 200 miles of highway in

eastern Michigan, which in some

places was very bed, was made into

a very passable road. - -

At the request of the Michigan

Good Roads Association, the Huron

Shore Road Association and the West

Michigan Pike Association, and to the

end that this good work may extend

over the state and all the people re-





ceive the benefits, 1, Woodbridge N.‘





Ferris, do ask that the people of the

state of Michigan set apart Thursday

and Friday, June 4 and 5, 1914, as

“Road Bee Day,” and as far as pos-

sible turn out and work under well

planned and competent supervision on

the highways of this state in such

manner as shall make them more fit,

safe and pleasant for public travel.





While the average citizen doubtless

feels that he contributes enough in

road taxes without making further

voluntary contributions of money or

time to the cause of good roads, yet

it is apparent that all of the common

earth roads cannot be improved

through the ordinary channels for

many'years to come, and .where there

is local enthusiasm sufficient to lead

to the making of an effort to secure

needed road betterments through a.

popular donation of work, the vast

majority of public spirited citizens

will not let the occasion pass without

discharging what they feel to be a

public duty in helping the good work

along. That others have felt repaid

for the expenditure of similar effort

is attested by the attitude that they

have taken in securing the above ofli-

cial action. It will be well worth

while for each of us to place our-

selves in a position to feel a similar

degree of satisfaction over a good

deed well done by helping to make

Michigan’s first ofliciai road bee day

a. success. '





 





LEGAL QUESTIONS ANSWERED.





 





For the accommodation of our sub-

scribers, we have arranged with Mr.

Allan Campbell, a competent attorney,

to answer legal inquiries for our sub-

scribers. .For this service a fee of 25

cents for each question will be charg-

ed to insure that only questions of

importance will be asked. This will

bring a personal letter of advice from

the attorney, to whom the questions

are referred. Address Legal Depart-

ment, Michigan Farmer, Detroit, Mich.





 





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





National.





An explosion at the plant of the

Mexican Crude Rubber Company, at

Detroit, last Friday, caused the death

of ten men and seriously injured six

others. No satisfactory explanation

of the cause of the explosion has yet

been given.



The U. S. Senate continues to de-

bate the motion to repeal the free

tolls clause of the Panama Canal act.

Increased public interest is being tak-

en in the discussion.



Astronomers are preparing to make

careful observations of the total

eclipse of the sun which will occur

August 21 of this year, and which can





iii-icy 23, 1914.





be observed in Persia, Scandinavia

and Russia for the small period two

minutes and 13 seconds.



Plans have been. filed for reorgani-

zation of the Wabash Railroad. The

plan contemplates the reduction of

over ten million dollars in the capital

stock of the company, and an assess-

ment of $20 per share on all stock-

holders. '



Both Governor Ammons, of Colora-

do, and the striking miners are anx-

ious that federal troops be retained

in the strike district until a complete

settlement is made.



A wide interest is being taken by

students in the military camps of in-

struction to be held at Ludington.

Mich., this summer and many applica:

tions are being received.





Foreign.





This week representatives of the

United States, Mexico, Brazil, Argen-

tine andChili will gather at Niagara

Falls, ‘Canada, to consider terms for

peace between this country and Mex-

ico. It is generally understood that

the United States will demand as one

of the conditions for settlement, that

Gen. Carranza, Villa and Huerta all be

removed and a new land law enacted.





Vera Cruz is rapidly showing the

effects of the sanitation measures in.

stituted by' the American authorities.

The fish, meat and street markets

have been cleaned up, garbage cans

installed, and compulsory vaccination

is now being planned for.





Last week the Mexican rebels ad-

ded further victories to their credit.

Tampico was taken after a long siege

and desperate- fighting. Smaller vic-

tories in the west were won, while a

general engagement is now on for

the capture of Santillo. Gen. Villa is

directing the attack on Santillo per-

sonally.



Hon. F. D. Monk, former minister

of public works of Canada, died at

Montreal, Queber, last Friday morn-

mg.



Although no political outbreak has

occurred, the situation in British pols

itics, as regards the Home Rule ques-

tion and Ulster, is very acute and

much apprehension is felt lest the

nation be plunged into civil strife.





Political conditions in Sonto Domin-

go are unsettled. The revolutionists

are not only worrying the forces of

President Bordas, but they have also

defied American custom house officers

and smuggled ammunition across the

border from Haiti. .



John L. Grifliths, general counsel of

the United States in London, England,

was stricken with heart disease last

Sunday and died a few hours later.



The Italian government will experi-

ment with ultra-violet rays to deter-

mine the soundness of the claims of

an Italian inventor that gunpowder

and torpedoes can be exploded at a

distance of 13 miles by such rays.



-' Four members of the crew of the

ill-fated steamer Columbian, which

burned in the North Atlantic on May

3, have been rescued. Fifteen others

were either lost during the catastro—

phe or from exposure since.



Prison conditions in Mexico as dis-

covered by the American troops, have

been very shocking to those accustom-

ed to conditions prevailing in penal

institutions of civilized countries. At

San Juan de .Ulua, where political of-

fenders have been confined for many

generations, many of the cells were

constructed entirely underground with

no provisions for sunlight and no san-

itary .precautions taken whatsoever.

The Sights hark back to prison scenes

of medieval times.



Large imports of South American

beef are over for the season, and dur-

lng the months of May and June, im-

portations of frozen and chilled beef

from Argentina are not expected to

more than equal the product of from

1,500 to 2,00 head of cattle weekly,

while the midsummer imports will be

even smaller in all probability.





illiilllilliililll|lliillilllillHillfliillllll“IlllliiilliillllllllllmllllilllilillliliiliiIllllllliillillllllliill”Hill”II“HHHHHHIllHill“illlllllillmlilillliillllilllfllllilllliill”HiIlliii”“Hill!!!"lilliillllliillllllliiilllllllliililiill





l A n -_")L'5'1l’





 





HE GREATEST single factor in putting

“Truth” into advertising has been the

“Square Deal” idea first used by the



farm papers. '



But today the “Truth" idea has spread so ,



that it now permeates all advertising every-

where—all business everywhere.

we see a growing confidence in manufactured

products and their advertising—a confidence

that insu es more value to the consumer and

lessened selling cost to the manufacturer.



Truth in advertising is the slogan—and



it must win because it is right.





As a result





Honesty in





advertising interests every reader, especially readers of farm publications.

The day is past when the advertiser expecting to continue in business can

afford to deal other than honestly. Aside from the moral efl’ect‘which of

late very materially enters into its consideration, one of policy and good





judgment likewise controls it. At the





meeting‘of the Advertisers’ Clubs of





America, which meets in‘Toronto. June 21-25, the question, “Truth in Ad- '

vertising” will be a subject of much prominence. » “ ‘
LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?

INFORMATION





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





 

 

 





”50‘”





   





PUBLISH





lzrlftfiiggr





 





 

 





 





 





‘17:: FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL





 





 

 

 





 





 





 





This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper every week.





Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





A Glimpse at Modern Agricultural Methods in Italy.





By PROF. ALFRED VIVIAN.





to enjoy a trip around the world

as the farmer, for he can find

in art and architecture all the pleas-





NO one is in so good a position





.ure that is open to the man of the.





city, and in addition he can enjoy

many things that are sealed books to

anyone having no knowledge of things

agricultural. Some travelers say that

they dread the long railroad rides,

and always travel at night when they

possibly can, or, if forced to use day-

light trains, they long for an interest-

ing .novel to help pass the time away.

There is nothing to see in the coun-

try, they say, and after a short time

the view becomes monotonous. How

different it all seems when one’s ma-

jor interest is in agriculture!



we have traveled at least five thou-

sand miles by rail since crossing the

Atlantic, and only one night (and

that was over ground already covered

in daylight) has been passed on the

train. No novel has been necessary

to help pass the time, for we have

been reading from Nature’s book as

she rapidly turned the pages. An-

amazing amount of agriculture can be

learned from the car window if one

is an anxious student and applies

himself to the task, and some of the

pleasantest days of the last few

months have been passed in gazing

out of the car window at the farms;

watching the workers in the fields;

and observing the different

agricultural practices as the

panorama was unfolded be-

fore our eyes.



So many things of interest

were seen in Britain and the

northern part of Europe that

the sojourn in that region was

extended beyond the original

schedule. This change was

probably justified as the cli-

matic conditions there met

with are such as to make any

observations of especial val-

he to one interested in the

agriculture of Michigan. On

the other hand, this change

necessitated a hurried journey

through Italy in order to be

in Naples in time to catch

the boat for the voyage to

the Orient. As only a small

number of stops could be

made we have had to depend

to an unusual extent upon the

car window method of study.



Italy was entered from Switzerland.

After a climb from Lausanne up the

beautiful Rhone valley with its snow-

capped mountains, the lower reaches

of which were covered with grape ter-

races, the train slips into the Simplon

Tunnel. Close your eyes tightly for

twenty-five minutes and you will be-

hold the view to be seen while pass-

ing through the Simplon! But while

your eyes are closed think for a mo-

ment of the wonder of it! Here is a

tunnel over twelve miles long (the

longest in the world) dug right

through a lofty mountain. The tun-

nel itself is 2,300 feet above sea level,

but the mountain top' is 7,000 feet

higher. There are really two parallel

tunnels each with a single line of

track. The digging was conducted

from both ends and when the tunnels

met their centers coincided almost

exactly. Someone said that there is





no inspiration in traveling through a





tunnel, but we never enter one with-

out being filled with admiration for

the engineering skill that made it

possible.



In the vicinity of Milan was seen

the first corn (maize) observed since

leaving America. A Michigan farmer

would consider the ears nothing bet-

ter than nubbins and the fodder very

small. Evidently much trouble is ex-

perienced in curing the corn in this

wet climate, for large bundles of it

were seen hanging on the porches

which are commonly found on the

south exposure of the Italian farm

houses.



The route from Milan to Venic‘gwlies

over level country with the foothills

of the Alps rising abruptly from the





‘plain a short distance to the north.





Mulberry trees trimmed back to queer

looking stumps are a prominent fea-

ture of the landscape. Grapes, which

are found everywhere in Italy, are

here planted in rows a long distance

apart and ordinary field or garden

crops are grown between. A few

Brown Swiss cattle are seen, as well

as an occasional herd of black and

white cattle which, if they are not the

same, strongly resemble the Holland

cattle.



From Venice to Bologna the train

traverses the rice-producing section.





passes through forty-seven tunnels,

following each other in such rapid

succession that only hasty glimpses

can be obtained of the lovely moun-

tain scenery. What wonder that one

of the passengers is reminded of the

Irishman who stood gazing after an

express train which, going at the rate

of fifty miles an hour, had disappear-

ed in the mouth of a tunnel. Upon

being asked why he gazed so long and

intently after the train he exclaimed,

“Begorra! I was wondering what

would have happened if it had missed

the hole!”



Florence is located in one of the

most prosperous agricultural commu-

nities to be found in Italy. The foot-

hills of the Apennines produce olives

abundantly, and Tuscany is noted the

world over for its vintage. All the

farmers follow a mixed husbandry, or

what Americans would call a mixture

of farming and gardening. This sys-

tem has the advantage that it gives

employment the year around and re-

sults in a high income per acre. Near

the cities truck farming is largely

followed, and splendid vegetables are

produced. The principal crops raised

on the farms are grain, olives (for

oil) and grapes. The olive trees are

planted chiefly on the rougher ground.

The grapes are planted in rows far





 





Bringing Wine to the Market in Rome.





Here the land is laid out in regular

parallelograms by the rows of mulber-

ry trees. The grape vines are plant-

ed between the trees, and are festoon-

ed from one tree to another, produc-

ing a most picturesque effect. The

working animals of these farms are

beautiful oxen, with coats as white as

snow. The soil must become very

hard and compact, for plowing was

being done with twelve of these oxen

hitched to one plow. In one case were

seen five such outfits, or a total of

sixty of these fine fellows in one

small field, and over fifty teams of

twelve, and one of sixteen, oxen were

seen during a four hours’ journey.

From Bologna the train strikes

boldly into the Apennine Mountains

and climbs these rocky bills for two

thousand feet, only to descend the

other side until it reaches nearly sea

level at.,Florence. During the first

sixty miles of this journey the train





apart and generally trained to trees

which are closely pruned, and a rota-

tion of ordinary farm crops is grown

between the rows. In addition, a few

pigs and some poultry are raised. Ev-

ery means is used to add a few dol-

lars to the annual income. Silk is

produced, mainly by the work of the

women, who are also noted for their

skill in straw plaiting at which they

can be seen working in their odd mo-

ments.



One thing noticed throughOut this

section was that the ground is all

ridged. The ridges are about two feet

wide and, as nothing was growing in

the bottom of the furrow, the result

seems to be that about one-third of

the ground is producing no crop.

This system is followed on the high

and rolling ground as well as on that

which is low and flat. Our knowledge





of Italian being somewhat limited' no





.very intelligent explanation of this





practice was elicited from these farm-

ers living here. A tremendous amount

of labor is expended in forming these

ridges. After plowing and harrowing

the ridging is begun with an imple-

ment such as is sometimes used in

America for opening a furrow for

planting potatoes, etc. After that the

work is laboriously completed by

hand; the soil being thoroughly pul-

verized during the process. It is said

that these farmers are very “set in

their ways” and that it is practically

impossible to introduce new machin-

ery, or to induce any of them to try

new and improved methods of culture.



The land in the immediate vicinity

of Rome is the most poorly farmed

of any seen since landing on the con-

tinent. Apparently not more than

one-tenth of it is cultivated, and the

rest is inferior grass land. A few

flocks of sheep are seen and an oc-

casional herd of cattle, but on the

whole it seems a dreary waste al-

though in early Roman days it was a

densely populated district. So far the

government has endeavored in vain

to revive agriculture in this region.

One reason for the failure is said to

be that much of the land is held in

large parcels by men who are inde-

pendent of any income derived there-

from. One of the most picturesque

sights of this locality consists of the

long-horned oxen used especially in

hauling materials to and from

Rome. The horns of these

animals frequently measure

as much as six feet from tip

to tip—~an unusual length of

horn.



All through Italy are found

remarkably good roads and

their white surfaces stand

out strikingly in the land-

scape as they wind like long

ribbons through the bright

verdure. These roads are al-

ways kept in good repair, and.

time and again were seen

women carrying baskets of

stones on their heads to be

used in mending old roads or

in the building of new ones.



Some of the most intensive

truck farming that can be

seen anywhere is to be found

in the environs of Naples. We

are informed that some of the

land on which these gardens

are located rent for as much

as $200 an acre, annually. The gar-

dens are irrigated by water pumped

from wells, and the old water wheel

so often seen in Oriental pictures is

found in most of them. Crops are

grown the year around in this climate

and, as the soil is highly responsive

to good treatment, the gardeners

make a living in spite of the high

rent. Farther from the city on the

sides of Vesuvius are found many fine

orange groves, and wine, of course, is

produced in large quantities. What a,

lot of Wine somebody must drink!

You wonder what becomes of it all

until you notice that rich and poor

alike drink these light wines like wa-

ter. Wine was advertised in the shop

windows at 50 centimes the liter,

which means about thirty-five cents

a gallon in American nomenclature.

Even at that small price a gallon of

wine makes a big hole in a day’s

wage of the laborer—and for what re-
554—10





 





 





Least





cars.





100, 000 miles to its credit.





rises.

mperials this Spring.





Greatest Service at





The first Imperial built in 1908 is still in service.

It’s good for double that.





Nowhere for the money, can you buy greater power, comfort, style,

economy of upkeep and other demanded motor car values.





All Imperials are electrically started and lighted.





Write at once for complete catalog.

It' s proof why hundreds of farmers, all over, are buying





IMPERIAL AUTOMOBILE COMPANY“

Dept. 201 Jackson, Mich.





 





THE MICHIGAN





   

 

 





Cost!





We’ve built service into every part of Imperial



They are made to last a lifetime.



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It has





   





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Hustlers Wanted.





HE MICHIGAN FARMER. has an open-

ing for a few hustlers to solicit sub-

scriptions. An easy selling proposition is





given to the solicitor and an extra large

commission paid so that any hustler can

make $25110 $35 per week. Write at once

for full particulars to

THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

Detroit. Michigan.





 





 





Farms and Farm Lands For Sale

80. men. 111111rinrlmssazssndsftn‘f





near milk condensery. good school. all tiled. woven

wire fence. fine buildings. owner retiring. a bargain.

F. A. KINNEY, Senses. Lonswee 00.. list.





 





address quick.





MICHIGAN FARMING LANDS





8 i w and Bay City. in Glndwin and Midland

gigging: nI‘Jow prices Ens terms: Clear title Write

for :11 ups and particulars. TEAFT LD 3803,1388

1.1 Merrill Building. Saginaw. (W. B. ). Michigan.





$4500 60 5.. 9 room house. large basement barn. fruit.

1:" 1 a. clover good soil. near lh town. Detroit

40 mi. Other farms. The Ypsilanti AgeneyCo. ,Ypsilanti, lliah





FARMS, GOOD CHEAP. PROFI’I‘ABLE.





UNUSUAL OPPORTUNITIES NOW.

State Board of Agriculture. Dover. Delaware.





—187)6 acres: lot of timber.



Price Out To Sell Quickh n“... "i“mth‘i‘i‘.” ””11“"?



h house. hen h.ouse ru1 rec in es 0



Egill‘l'gadctgwn. Ohl1 $2300. part cash. Hall's Farm

Agency. Owezo. Tiogn 00.. New York.





SUMMER ALL THE TIME!

FgggUs Gdllrlllllild Ullll. S‘nJOMAuin Valley





IIrrl at Farms



grow alfalfa. walnuts. peaches. apr cots, cherries.



gra es. almost everything. Write for information.

Ill) TOWAR. East Lansing. Michigan.





60 ACRES





All hay and grain: horses. cows

nd full working equipment.





Unheard oi





FARM





V A I." ES :1$1’ 500 cash required.

Price. 33. 000i ’Nenr Goo roads

owQUAKER'I‘OVVN. .





Farmers’ Realty Co.





VIRGINIA FARMS





You can become happy and independent farm-

ing in Virginia. You can grow profitably alfalfa

and all rasses. corn, fruits. grains. beef and dairy

cattle. lnla boasts the finest apple growing

section in the world. Farms $15 per acre and up.

We welcome you. Write now for booklets. maps

and other literature.





G. W. KOINER.





Stats Commissioner oi Agn. Richmond,‘ls. »





Pennsylvania





 





 





Disabled Owner Must Sell

284 Acres. Equipped, S3500





Di bl owner wants to close out before plantln:

”0%.“:ng opportunity for s. hustler: broad fer-ti e

vs; pasture for so to 46 head:

valuehlem wood and0 timber. choice fruit: close to lake.

on state road to ma orket town; 7- -room house. 3 big

barns. other bulldinss: 5 cows. 2 pigs. hens. hay in

barn. tools and furniture included if taken now and

0111;.831200 cashrneedeil: full details and location. a a

rout's arm

s‘ruou'r um AGENBY.8tstionDI01. Union bani

Bldg. . Pittsburg. Pa.





 





 





   





Save $4 to $8 per Acre

Seed and Fodder





   





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





On Clover, Alfalfa, Flax, Vetch, Peas,

Timothy, short grain, etc. A rake

or tedder will knock off and waste

the seed and leaves. You save all

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with the





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Easily attached to ANY Mower

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team on next round. Leavm crop in either loose,

hollow bunches or in wludrows: heads and leaves

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to dry quick.



Saves the seed and leaves and half the labor.

Saves making extra trips over the field with

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OVER [20.000 SATISFIED USERS



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FREE c A T A L 0 (I





 

   

   

 

 

 





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Dept. 0. Bowling Green. Ohio /





 





9c PER FOOT





Deccan-My Copper-Extra Heavy Cable

. . System guaranteed satisfactory or your

' money back. Just write a postal for our



, Proposition and FREE Catalog which

makes everything plain.





The J. A. Scott Company,

Don. I Detroit. lick.





2 D EN

canvas (lilies i0! $1





Two pair tree and extra with ilrsi order

THIS IS OUR SPRING OFFER.

we PAY THE POSTAGE.





 





 





Largest and heaviest gloves on the

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UNION GLOVI 00.. Do“. II. “All“: INDIANA-





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Anyone in need of lighting rod-cable and all other

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oAddress, ZEBLAN LIGIZIHNG ROM!)l cariMNY,

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Wholesale well as ’rotail deal rs in pure copper

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FARMER





turn does he spend the money?



No good horses have been seen

since "reaching Italy. Perhaps there

are some, butif so they are not con-

spicuously in evidence. After some

experience with Italian drivers. espe-

cially those of Naples. we were glad

there were no good horses. As a rule

we are “slow to wrath” but “right-

eous indignation” would but mildly

express our real feelings toward these

drivers because of the way in which

they treat their horses. It may have

been just as well that we could not

understand each other.



How the Italian likes bright colors!

The love of color is seen in their own

costumes and in the way they deck

out the horses in bright ribbons and

cords, and cover them with brilliant

red blankets. Even the carts are

painted in the brightest of reds or

blues, rivaling the tints of the rain-

bow.



The Italian inust be a. lover of va-

riety for he seems never to hitch two

matched animals to the same wagon

or cart. If the team is two horses one

is large and the other a mere pony.

More commonly. however, the team

consists of a horse and a. donkey; or

one of these hitched with an ox. Any





 





MAY 23, 1914.





day in Hanks may be seen carts pulls





ed by teams consisting of an ex, a

donkey and a horse, and usually none

of them is in such condition as to on-

gender fear of death from foundering.



Fresh milk in Naples is true to

name. The cows or goats are driven

from house to house, and the milking

done on the spot. The cow is driven

up on the sidewalk, a bottle or pitch-

er is lowered in a basket from an up-

per window, and the milking is done

under the watchful eye of the custom

er. The basket is drawn up and re-

turned again with the change. The





Neapolitan knows himself too well to.





have any confidence in milking that is

done beyond his range of vision. Even

then he is likely to accuse the milk

man (or woman) of giving the cows





'a drink of warm water before leaving





home so as to dilute the milk and in-

crease the quantity. The goats were

formerly taken up the stairway and

milked at the door in the upper hall-

way. but the municipal regulations

now prevent that practice. .



“Vedi Napoli e poi muori (see Na-

ples, and then die), is an old saying

which the Neapolitans are fond of

quoting. We have seen Naples and

are still alive to tell the tale.





lllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllillllllllllllll|Illlillilifilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllilillllllllllllll|lllilllllllllll|Illllllllllliillllillillllililllllillliilllllillllllllllllllllllllllillillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillilllilllilllllliillll





An Unfortunate Black Cat.





By MARY





OROTHY EDMONDS was seat-

D ed on a low stool by the win-



dow, paring the potatoes for

dinner, occasionally stopping to watch

Aunt Florence making quick passes

with her flat iron over the snowy tow-

el, ‘and folding it every corner ex-

actly even.



“Catch it, Africa,” she called, toss‘

ing a small potato to the sleek, black

cat, who was washing his face with

his paws, as he sat in a broad shaft

of sunlight by the kitchen stove.



Africa. rolled the potato about for

some time, when it suddenly disap-

peared. He looked dejectedly down

the knot-hole in the floor, which had

swallowed his plaything, the pupils of

his eyes growing larger and larger

from gazing into the darkness.



“Never mind, foolish,” said Doro-

thy, “I’ll get you another, but watch

you don’t do the same thing with

that.” .



Africa fell to chasing his tail and

then raced through the rooms in a.

frenzy of delight. Finally, he again

laid down in the sunshine beside the

stove, with his small paw thrust down

through the knot-hole, which he seem-

ed to regard as the highwayman who

had robbed him of his treasure.



The potatoes were pared andDorOc

thy was shredding the cabbage for

the salad, when Africa sprang up with

a blood-curdling cry or pain, his one

paw still thrust through the knot-hole.

He continued to circle about, bowling

and caterwauling in such a frenzied

manner that she did not dare to go

near him.



“Help him get his foot out, dear,”

exclaimed Aunt Florence. However,

this command was easier given than

executed, for Africa was gyrating

about so rapidly and biting and claw-

ing so fiercely at everything near him.

that Aunt Florence herself hesitated

to make the attempt. At last, she

threw her gingham apron entirely ov-

er him and tried to lift him up and

Withdraw his foot from the knot-hole,

but was unable to do so. Something

held it fast. She removed her apron

from the spitting, agonized creature,

who seemed to realize that an effort

was being made to release him, and

he tried to come to her, as far as his

imprisoned foot would permit.



“There is something holding him

frombeneath and it pulls and jerks,”

Aunt Florence panted, as she once

more threw her apron over her pet

andvtried to extricate him.



“What shall we do? How can we

get ‘him loose?





den this part or the house; so we can’t





There is no cellar unr





L. DANN.





go under to see what is there.” Dor-

othy was white and shaking and

seemed rooted to the spot.



“Go out on the street and see if

there isn’t someone passing who will

help us, and don’t be so frightened.

We are going to release Africa some-

way,” said Aunt Florence soothingly.

holding the eat up as far as she

could, While he hit and tore at her

apron and made life intensely inter-

esting for her.



Dorothy rushed out and called Rob-

ert Atwood, a boy of about eighteen,

who happened to be going by.



“Oh, Robert, won’t you please come

and help us,” she pleaded, “Africa has

put his foot through a knot-hole in

the floor and I can’t pull him out and

Aunt Florence can’t, and he’s bounc-

ing around under Auntie’s apron and

clawing and biting and we don’t know

what can be holding him.”



“I'm your knight, fair lady,” said

Robert, with a great show of ,gallan~

try, squaring his shoulders and ma-

nipulating the muscle of his right

arm. “All black cats are unlucky,” he

continued, as he followed her toward

the house, “Probably a jabberwock

has got him. They come up through

a fissure in the earth and gobble any-

thing they can get. I’ll bet you a

quarter it’s a Jab."



“Do be sensible, Robert,” Dorothy

admonished almost tearfully.



Robert, however, continued his run-

ning comment: “If it’s a jabberwock,

you’ll have to feed it a bat and a liz-

zard and three pink mice before it

will go away. You must stop the op-

ening it came through with a. wisp of

deadly nightshade, or it will return in

thirteen hours, and the next time it

comes it is just as likely to get a cow

as a cat.”



As Robert came up, Aunt Florence

removed her apron from the tortured

Africa, who spit spitefully at him, and

then, as if begging his assistance,

looked up in his face with a pitiful

meow that would have melted a heart

of stone.



“Gee-whiskers, Africanus, I can’t

see you suffer like this if I have to

saw the house down over our heads

to get you loose,” Robert continued

as he tried to pull up the troublesome

foot. “Whatever has you, must have

come up from China, and probably he

has mistaken your paw for a chop-

stick.”



Robert dropped the cat and stepped

to the door of the woodshed. He soon

returned with a wide , chisel and a

hammer. ' It happened that there was

a joint in the floor of the kitchen, a.
MAY 23. 19PM.





short distance from the knot-hole.





Here was the point of least resistance 1





and here W made his attack. He

forced the edge of the chisel under

the end of the board and the matched

edges began to give way. Higher and.

higher he pried the board and now he

could see beneath.

ment he beheld a. weasel serenely

tearing the flesh from the tiny black

paw, his bright eyes shining in the

dim light, and his slim body almost





\raised from the ground, as he clung





to his victim.



Robert caught up the broom and

used the handle as a pry to tear the

board from its place. There was the

glimmer of a. yellow and white body,

as it sped past the opening, and Aid

rice. was free.



Dorothy and Robert bathed the

injured paw in an antiseptic solution

and bandaged it carefully. “Take it

from me, Mr. Dark Continent,” said

Robert, “that. when you go fishing for

weasels again, you had better use

something beside you paw for bait.”





THE MAPLE TR EE.





 





BY MILDRED M. NORTH.





I love it, that stately maple,

I watch it thewhole year through.

From the springtime bright till we

ground is white,

Its beauty is ever new.





’Tis first to awake from slumber

When grasses are brown and sear

When its red buds glow, though the

chill winds blow

I know the spring is near.





And when the winds blow softer

Some day before my eyes

All its tassels swing While the robins

sing

’Neath the swiftly-changing skies.

In summer its green leaves whisper

Of coolness and shade and rest,





Till I scarcely know as the seasons go

Which time is, of all, the best.





October comes, when the daylight





Grows 11shorter, the mights more

chi

When banners of gold and of red

unfold





And are on every hill.





Then my tree spreads out its treas-

uer s—

The gold of the sunlight sweet,

The rose of daWn and of sunsets gone,

Are showered at Autumn’s feet.





In winter though gray and leafless

Its graceful branches show,

I know What its roots and its slender

shoots

Are hiding from ice and snow.





And often in morning sunshine

When the storm clouds roll from

sight

Its branches seem ’neath the sun-

light’s gleam

Like silver burnished bright.





And so from spring to winter,

From winter back to spring,





It greets my sight with some new de-





l1ght,

A lovely changing thing.





FISHING MEMORIES.





 





BY CHAS. H. MEIERS.





When I walk along the river,



In the shadow of the trees,

While the leaves above me quiver

In the cool, refreshing breeze,



Fancy brings a boyhood friend

To me at the quiet bend,

And once more with him I stray

In the old free, happy way.





Then we settle down to fishing,

With our feet hung o’er the brink,

And the water goes on swishing

While we rest and smile and think.

Now a bobber’s yanked from sight,

And I pull with all my might—

Comes a bullhead, bringing joy

To a small, bare-footed boy.





Thanksto fancy for the pleasure





It has seen fit to convey;

Fishing memories I’ll treasure



As the long years roll away.

When I walk beside the stream





'l’ll be walking in a dream





Filled with joys I used to know

In the days of long ago.





 





If the youth decides to consume, all

his time and strength in making his

arms big and his legs brawny. he ends

his career a physical giant, indeed,

butalso an intellectual pigmy.-—Hillis.





To his astouish- ,





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





 





Reo the F nth—$1 175





For a little while, under nor—

mal conditions, almost any car

performs well. It is time and

strain that show the need for a

well-built car.





Reo the Fifth is built for long,

hard service. Itis built by R. E.

Olds, who for 27 years has been

learning what cars must stand.





Itisthecarof extremes. Every

part is given super-strength.

* Every driving part is one-half

' stronger than required by usual

standards.





We spend six weeks on each

car. All the steel is made to

formula. We apply to each'vi-

tal part the most radical tests.



We have for years kept test

cars on the road. They are run

night and day at high speed, up

to 10,000 miles. And we require

all important parts to come

through that test with slight evi-

dence of wear.





We use 25 roller bearings—190

drop forgings. We grind parts

to utter exactness. To prevent

the harm of clashing gears, we

use a very costly clutch.



By the usual standards this

car could be built, in this mod-

ern plant, for one-fourth less

than it costs us.





 





F.0'. ,llnol‘na





The Car Men Don’t Regret





What You Get





But you get here the utmost

in a car. You get freedom from

trouble, repairs and high upkeep.

You get a car built to run Ior

years as well as it runs when

new.



You get strength to stand

strains. You get wondrous en-

durance. Such things are ‘im-

possible in a lesser-built car.



Many thousands of men who

have tried the others are this

year buying Reo the Fifth.





Our New Price





This year’s price is $220 lower

than last year’s—with electric





REO MOTOR CAR COMPANY, Lansing, Mich.

Canadian Factory, St. Catharina, Ont. Canadian Price, $1,575





Rea the Fifth





1914 M

- e





' '\m771





\\ we





“\-

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Mo Starla; Electric





Extra Rita and l-proved Tire Bracket. Pump. Jack Complete Tool and Tim

Sue-mine Body—Ono-R od Control— 35 Horsepower—Tire. 3&4

IooHandoomo Rouble: Body ‘





 





 





 





in





With Electric Starter

and Complete Equipment





 





Lights. Mohair Top VIII full Side Curtain. Mohair SID Covu'.

Clear Vioion Ventilating WindfiieliSpoedometcr, Electric Horn. Robe and Foot Ram.





 





starter. We have saved this by

factory efficiency. Now every

buyer in this ‘class can afiord

this grade of car.



And this year we give you the

new streamline body. ‘We give

you the best electric starter and

lights. We give you dimming

searchlights, deep upholstery,

perfect finish, and many new

ideas in equipment. And a turn

of the hand does the gear shift~

ing.



For your own sake, go to your

nearest dealer and measure up

this car.



Sold by a thousand dealers.

Name of neomtonrcquoot. Also

catalog.





 





 





(g)





 





 





 





 





 





 





‘GBy





 

 





of Your Brow”





So do we earn our daily bread: likewise our other





the Sweat





l The Grand Rapids





VETERINARY COLLEGE





Offers alhroo years Course In Veterinary Solon“.

Complying with all the requi rements of the U. B.



uroau of imal Industry. Established 1897

Incorporated under State law. Govolrned by Board

of Trustees. Write for Free Cam 1.0:





[52 and 154 Louis St., Grand Rapids. Michigan.





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





daily comforts—shoes, for instance.





Did it ever occur to you that your brow would

sweat less if your feet were really comfort-

ably shod? The comfort in which you can do

your work has a deal to do with the amount

of work you can do and the ease with which





 





tip-top.





and dealer': name.





GRAND RAPIDS - -





 





you can do it.





ing flexibility. They feel good on the feet and wear





See that this trade-mark appears on the sole of your shoes.





Writ: Dar. F for in: dunifitiw book





BIRTH -KRAUSE COMPANY





Hide to Shoe Tanner: and Shoe Manufacturer:





No. 435 Rouge Rex Outing Shoe 15

made to give you the most comfort

possible in a work shoe. The last is

full and roomy and fits the foot. The

sole is of choice stock and 1s stitched

to the upper by the Goodyear Welt -

process, 1nsur-





 





MICHIGAN





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





HARNESS





HORSE





COLLARS





Ask Your dealer Ior the Label





Made and Warranted by





ARMSTRONG & GRAHAM





WHOLESALE ONLY.





DETROIT.





ESTABLISH ED [880.





 





 





When Writing to advertisers

you saw their ad- In The





lease state that

ichigan Farmer.





Government Farmer’ s Wante “3353.35"





Free living quarters. Write Ozment 17 F. St. Louis, Mo





 





S ave Bi Mon

(gofing‘ey on





I' AW,“ “‘9

fin,“ MIA!!!” ” ..

I'II'IIIII IIIIIII'IIEI ; v





 





9 III'II‘I 111111111111;

III MMI‘I'IUII I“.

111111118111qu

II

I'm i '

Protect Your F?“ I _ I

Buildings 3:," ‘





Kanncbegg

Steel Shingles





' ' We pay the freighgt' '





are fireproof, weather- proof. cold and hat- proof.



Cheaper than wood shingles and easier and quicker to

lay. Do not rot, curl, crack buckle not fall off. Need

no repairs. Always look well \Vaber- fight lock- joint

permits laying on low pitch roofs. Any one can put

them on.

tIlyory Skiinglo dynamo“. Made of full 28- gauge

s cc paint: or 33 van ed and come I l h

sheet. or in clusters. 5 It. I 2 it. 5mg y' c z t to}



Buy Direct at factory price. or 9

ders shipped day received. We pay the freight. 0'



You know steel roofs are but. Ga tho .0

right kind and save money. I'M“



loud for the low It analog and OlmDOuquSt

nuke yomcholoe from t e manyde- 0.

signs and sizes. It shows how to o “no.0.

gec the best root by least money .0 send catalog



Wm. .' a n d o I in p l c

bucket. Roofing & 0." We to

C0551 Co. .0





5:11.13“

l4" nonglu Strut 0' Name... ..... .................

mo. ‘





O





—O
"HlIllllll





 





 





 





Ill





/'





Mrs. Dictate—“I am so glad I

came to visit my son’s wife.

I can teach her so much. You

see, I am boiling these

clothes. You can’t convince

me there’s any soap will make

clothes white without boiling.”





AntyDrudge—“If you have

any more soiled clothes, I

will convince you in just 30

minutes that you can get

them clean and white without

boiling or hard rubbing. I

know what Fels—Naptha will

do, and you’re just the kind

of woman I like to meet.”





Be sure to buy

Fels—Naptha . the

next time you need

soap. It will make

all your work easy

and pleasant.





One of the best

things it will do for

you is to get the

weekly wash on the

line in half the time,

with less than half

the bother than ever

before.



Just





clothes

minutes





soak the

about 30

in cool or





lightly, rinse and

hang out. No boiling

or hard rubbing is

necessary with Fels-

Naptha. M a k e s

cleaning, scrubbing

and all kinds of

housework just as

easy.





Better buy it by the box or car-

ton. Easy directions are on the





Red and Green Wrapper.

Fels 6: Co., Philadelphia.





   





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





 





MAY 23, 1914.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





   





HERE is an old saying, heard



frequently, regarding the pro-



ceedings of justice, “Ignorance

of the law excuses no man.” We have

heard it so often in connection with

civil laws that we are ready to con-

cede its inherent rightness. The laws

of the state and the nation are spread

on the statute books so that he who

runs may read. If we break them we

do so at our own risk. We can not

plead ignorance.



Similarly, nature has made laws re-

garding our physical well-being, laws

which are punished just as swiftly

and far more surely than the laws

laid down by man. For, while some

by luck or acuteness escape the civil

law, no one can expect to break a

single law of nature and go forever

unpunished. And, as in the legal

world, so in the natural, we cannot

plead our ignorance as an excuse. Not

only has the press surrounded us with

avenues of information, nature her-

self has safeguarded us. 'She sends

us warnings in the form of head-

aches, dizziness, tangled nerves and

sleepless nights as first hints that we

are infringing on her laws. If we dis-

regardthese she has no recourse but

to follow them up with more drastic

punishments.



And so far as nature is concerned,

we are law-breakers all. If in no oth-

er way we offend in eating and drink-

ing, afflicting our long suffering stom-

achs with ill—assorted foods in over-

abundant quantities, washed down

with strong tea and coffee, and per-





 





lukewarm water, rub -





 





 





 





 





 





haps stronger drinks. Because, by

reason of abundant strength we have

withstood our intemperance we will

not admit that we are harming our-

selves. ‘.‘It never hurt me yet,” is the

ever-ready response of the glutton.

There may never have been an abso-

lute: breakdown, but over-indulgence

acts as an accumulative poison, lay—

ing up a train of ills which will sure-

ly overtake the persistent breaker of

nature’s laws.



It is bad enough to see grownups





_ “3111813:





 

 





 





 





ruining their own health. But when

they deliberately kill their children’s

chances of health by wrong feeding,

what shall we say?



A mother kept her baby on con-

densed milk until he was three years

old. To all suggestions that she

ought to feed him cereals, eggs, a bit

of meat and other cell-forming foods,

she replied that “she hadn’t time to

fuss cooking stuff for him.” The boy

cried day after day of hunger, the

sicky, sweet condensed milk not only

failed to satisfy him, it positively nau-

seated him. His mother said nothing

ailed him but ugliness and if he

wouldn’t take his bottle of milk he

could go hungry. The lad survived,

through some miracle, but at seven

years tuberculosis of the bone set in.

Could anyone make the mother be-

lieve that her criminal negligence in

those first three years was responsi-

ble? Of course not. She blamed the

whole thing onto God and railed at at

Providence that would send such an

affliction on an innocent child.



Most of our railing against fate

might similar be traced to the rutho

less ways in which we walk over na-

ture’s laws. We sleep in rooms which

are never aired, sell the eggs we

ought to eat, fail to bathe and exer-

cise properly, and then wonder where

we ever contracted tuberculosis. We

keep up on stimulants instead of

nourishing food and then wonder why

our nerves get out of tune. We work

beyond our strength, not so much

because we must, as because we are

afraid of the neighbors, and then

blame it onto Providence when we

break down.



Life is a tangle to most of us be-

cause we are such persistent law-

breakers. The rule of living is really

very simple temperance in all things.

Temperance in eating and drinking,

working and playing is nature’s de-

cree. If we obey we are left alone.

If we disobey, the punishment be up-

on our own heads.



' DEBORAH.





llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIlllllIll|llllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllII|llllll!llllllllllllllllllllllll|IIIIIIHIl|||HIlllll||IIllHI|lllllllIllllll|||IIH|lllllllIllllllII|IlllllIHllllllll|lllll‘lllllll|llllllIIllllllllllllllllllllllll





Some Spanish Recipes that May be Tried





By ELLA E. ROCKWOOD.





 





OT every American palate ac-

cepts Spanish cookery with rel-

ish. Indeed, for most ofus

their dishes are too highly seasoned.

Chili peppers are standard favorites

and their flavor usually predominates.

In the far southwest many Ameri-

cans, however, confess a liking to

certain foods prepared a la Spanish

and our eastern cooks may be glad

to learn about some of them. The

following recipes have been placed at

my disposal, with the assurance that

they are representative of the most

approved dishes, adapted to general

family use. The Chili peppers can be

obtained at many grocery stores. As

suggested, they figure 'largely in the

recipes. Chili powder can be had if

the whole peppers are unobtainable.

Tripe Spanish—Fry brown in but-

ter one finely chopped onion and add

one pound of tripe cut in narrow

strips, one cup of water, piece of but-

ter size of an egg, one large tomato.

Its equivalent in canned tomato may

be substituted. Season with a trifle

of nutmeg, same of sugar, and one

tablespoon of vinegar. Salt to taste,

then add two red chili peppers and

simmer one hour.





 





 





l Tomatoes with Cheese.—-Put one ta-





blespoonful of drippings in a frying

pan and add one medium sized onion

cut fine, also three green peppers

minced. Fry brown, add eight large

tomatoes and cook slowly until done.

Stir in one cup of old cheese, grated,

salt, pepper and a little sugar.



Stewed Tomatoes with Corn, Span-

ish—Peel six tomatoes (or take the

equivalent of the canned article),

press out seeds and cut in quarters.

Put two tablespoons of butter in a

sauce pan. Add one red or green pep-

per chopped fine, and cook without

browning until nearly done, then add

the tomatoes and one teaspoon of

salt. Let it come to a boil then add

one pint of green corn freshly cooked

and cut from the cob, or same amount

of the hot canned product. Boil up

and serve hot.



Spaghetti, Spanish—Break one-half

of a ten cent package of spaghetti in

small pieces and brown in'bacon fat.

Add boiling water and one onion slic-

ed, also three-fourths cup of grated

cheese, with °sa1t and chili powder to

taste. Set on back of the stove and

simmer slowly until tender.



Spanish Flank Steak—Take two to

two and one-half‘pounds of flank and

cries-cross. it with a sharp knife.





4_ 2% I

and Her N

,At Home and Elsewhere

3% :3)





BA Race of Law Breakers.





 





 





 





#-





Wash and sprinkle with salt. Cover

with one large onion sliced, one lem-

on sliced, one large bay leaf broken

finely, and five whole cloves. Dot lib-

erally with butter and cover complete-

ly with tomato catsup’, about one cup-

ful. Bake at least two hours in a

moderate oven, basting frequently and

adding half a cup of water from time

to time, as the gravy thickens in the

pan.



Mexican Salad—Three cups shred-

ded cabbage, thrown into ice water

for an hour. Cut half can pimentoes,

one large sweet pepper and one dozen

olives into small pieces. Dry the cab-

bage and stir in the above ingredients

with mayonnaise dressing, to which

has been added a teaspoon of dry

mustard and one-half cup of whipped

cream. Dress with lettuce and yolks

of four hard-boiled eggs put through

a ricer, sprinkling it over the top. Cut

whites of eggs in rings and garnish

with pimentoes cut in tiny triangles

or rounds. ‘



Spanish Rice—Stir one cup of dry

rice in a hot skillet containing a lump

of butter, melted. Let brown well,

then fill the dish with boiling water

and leave to simmer. Add one chop-

ped onion, one-half can of tomatoes,

chopped red or green peppers to

taste, also salt sufficient, cook all to-

gether till the. rice is done.



Chili Con Came—Have ready cook-

ed one pint pink beans. Chop fine

three slices of fat salt pork and same

amount of beef fat. Fry these to-

gether till a nice brown, then drop in-

to the fat one finely chopped onion

and brown it. Then put into the fat

one pound of Hamburg steak. Stir

well till steak is done and browned.

Add the cooked beans and two table-

spoons (or less) of Chili powder, salt,

stir well together and simmer slowly

one hour. Have enough water with

the beans so no more will be required

as the dish must be moist when

served.



Spanish Luncheon Dish—Put one-

half cup of olive oil in frying pan,

with one clove of garlic and one onion

sliced. Fry brown. Add one pound

of cold roast beef cut in cubes and

fry brown in the fat, then add one

can of tomatoes and five chili pep-

pers. Meanwhile cook 12 sticks of

macaroni in salted water till tender,

then add to the meat with one cup of

mushrooms and salt to taste. Serve

hot, covered thickly with grated

cheese.



Spanish Kidney—Boil quarter of a

pound of macaroni in salted water till

tender. Drain and put a layer in a

buttered baking dish then a layer of

thinly sliced boiled kidney, then a. lay—

er of sliced or canned tomatoes. Sea-

son highly and proceed in the same

way till the dish is full. Moisten with

soup stock and one tablespoonful of

Worcester sauce. Cover the top with

bread crumbs, moistened with melted

butter and bake slowly one hour.



No group of Spanish recipes would

be complete without frijoles, pro-

nounced free-holies, which, translated

into English, means beans. The Mex-

icans always use the pink beans. ,



Frijoles.—One quart Mexican beans,‘

washed, one soup bone cut in pieces,‘

one long red chili pepper, discarding

half the seeds. Slice pepper inrings

thinly and put all into cold water.

Cook slowly till meat leaves bones, .

then remove bone and cut meat in

small pieces. Salt to taste about half

an hour before it is done—and serve

hot. Some recipes substitute a few

slices of bacon for the soup bone and

use two sliced onions and five or six
MAY '28, 1914. ‘





ripe tomatoes, with the beans, cook-

ing all' together until the beans are

done, also using chili peppers as

above.





A CONVENIENT DRYING RACK.





 





BY H. L. G.



If one does not care to invest in the

ready-made devices for drying green

corn, apples, etc., a little ingenuity,

some strong hooks, window _ screen,

inch boards, etc., will serve to make

this very serviceable and efficient ad-

junct to the kitchen.



First determine Where the iron

books, from which the rack is to be

suspended over the kitchen stove, are





{13.1.





 

 





to be placed. They should be firmly

imbedded into the joists, for the rack,

with its contents, will sometimes be

rather‘ heavy. The joists may be lo-

cated by first boring through the plas-

ter with a very small bit. From each

of the four hooks, stout glazed cords

of equal length are suspended. Each

end of the cord has an iron ring,

about an inch across, securely knot-

ted into it with as many more rings

at regular intervals along its length

as one may desire, so that the rack

may be raised and lowered at any

height from the top of the stove.



The rack is made of narrow pieces

one inch thick and joined at the cor-

ners as in Fig. 1, nailing securely. Do

not make the ends of the rack too

long for the width of ordinary window

screen. Into the sides of the frame

fasten small strong hooks (strong

nails bent slightly downward may be

substituted), over which the rings are

slipped when the rack is suspended.

They should be so placed that when

the rack is in position, these hooks

should be directly below those in the

ceiling. Attach screen, having the





“i ‘ a. it





 





 





 





 





 





.Z/ \\.





F





tacks close together, on topside of

frame, as this facilitates removing

the dried products.



A rack five feet long is not difficult

for two persons to handle, but one of

six or seven feet is very awkward.





Just one last word: When the corn'





is first put on to dry, the rack may

be lowered to within one foot of the

‘ stove griddles; but care should be ex-

ercised to stir the corn frequently to

prevent its scorching. Later, when it

is no longer sticky to the touch, it may

be raised higher by means of the iron





rings knotted along the strings.

\





\





EXTER\MINATING COCKROACHES.





 





 





W'ith the approach of warm spring

weather, cockroaches multiply rapidly

and leave their winter hiding places.

If cockroaches are troublesome in the

house the following simple remedy,

recommended by one of the Depart-

ment of Agriculture’s scientists, will

unquestionably destroy great numbers

and keep them in check as effectively

as troublesome insect powders and

dangerous poisons:



Mix one part of plaster of Paris and

three or four parts of flour. Place

this dry mixture in a saucer or on a

flat piece of wood or tin where, roach-

es are numerous. Nearby place an-

other flat plate containing pure water.

Supply a few inclines of wood or card-

board fronrthe floor to the edge of

the plate. or saucer to give easy ac-

cess. ‘ Float one or two thin pieces of

wood on the water so that they will





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





touch the edge of the dish: The in- *





sects readily eat the plaster mixture,

become thirsty and drink. The water

makes the plaster set in the intes-

tines and kills the roach. Such traps

may be placed in pantries, and baker-

ies in particular, with good results.



There are various poisons which it

is asserted are fairly effective as rem-

edies against roaches. The only one

of these that seems to give satisfac-

tory results is a phOsphorous paste,

sold in the form of pills. It consists

of sweetened flour paste containing

one to two per cent of phosphorous,

and is spread on bits of paper or card-

board and placed in the runways of

the roaches. As phosphorous is poi-

sonous to human beings and domestic

animals, besides being highly inflam-

mable, it should be used very care-

fully.



Considerable relief may be gained

by a liberal use of pyrethum powder.

It is not a perfect remedy, however,

and is at best but a temporary expedi-

ent,‘ While it soils shelves and other

objects over which it is dusted. It

should be used fresh and liberally ap-

plied. Roaches are often paralyzed

by it when not killed outright, and

the morning after an application the

infested premises should be gone over

and all dead or partially paralyzed

roaches swept up and burned.



Pyrethrum may also be burned in

an infected apartment. The smoke

and vapors generated by the burning

of this insecticide are often more ef-

fective in destroying roaches than the

application of the substance in the or-

dinary way as a powder. There is no

attendant danger of explosion, and the

only precaution necessary is to see

that the room is kept tightly closed

for from six to 12 hours.





FASHIONS BY MAY MANTON.





 





Our large Fashion Book—containing

92 pages illustrating over 700 of the

season’s latest styles, and devoting

several pages to embroidery designs,

will be sent to any address on receipt

of ten cents.





8205 Short Coat.

34 to 42 bust.





7872 Gathered Blouse



with Square Yoke, 34 8207 Girl's Low Belted



to 42 bust. Dress 8 to 12 years



The above patterns will be mailed

to any address by Fashion Depart-

ment of the Michigan Farmer, on re-

ceipt of ten cents for each.



“Detroit” vapor gasoline and oil

stoves, .ranges and ovens, manufac-

tured by the Detroit Vapor Stove Co.,

Detroit, Mich” are fully illustrated

and described in the new 32- -page cat-

alog sent upon request by this com-

pany. Write for a copy now before

the hot season is here. and secure

the information it contains about this

line of goods.





Lightning-like in its effect.





For cleaning floors and

linoleum it cuts the dirt

and grime as quick as a

flash—Makes everything





13—557





anser





Puts





HS ,_





In the





spotless.





Don’t Be Without it





till“ 100





 

   





4//’////h]1lllll \\\\\\ if

Q5» ,.





>‘“‘l§g\uuu





 

 





 





Built z‘g/zl to hof heatfbiiiit

strong to last! That’s the se-





, cret of the big success in





Write us today for name of F‘.

Eclipse dealer In your corn. ~

munity. We will also send . ,



free illustrated booklet.





ECLIPSE STOVE COMPANY

Mansfield, Ohio





 





 





Sani- Steel





Chemical Closet





No water pressure. No

. expensive plumbing: can

be placed in any room

of the house. Prevents

typhod fever. Endorsed

by physicians and health

officials.





Price Only $16.75

Write for Folder A.





Ball Steel Products Co.,





Lansing. Michigan.





SPECIAL

TRIAL

OFFER





A one cent. post. card will

dellTver—charges‘prepaid—

ToT ry Before on Buy

—in your own home one of

our regular $1000 Combi-

nation Dust- Vac Vacuum

Cleaners and a r p e t

Sweeper If entirely satis-

, take orders from only two of your neighbors

for 89. 00 each and keep yours FREE

Every machine guaranteed—delivered repaid. You

run no risk—send no lnoney. Try fore You

Buy. Agents wanted everywhere. Liberal commissions.





nu: LACE-OMETER co., Adrian, Michigan.

DAISY FLY KILLER '33:: :i'i‘n‘il'fii





flies. Neat.clea.n.or-

namental. convenient,

cheap. Last! all

season. Made of

metal. can‘t spill ortio

over; will not soil or

_’ injure anything.

\\fr ,3“! x . ; Cuamnreed efl'cctive.





 





 





1:;1‘... I .

l’c v.1- «' \ S_old by Dealer: or

“ 0 Sent prepam I0! 5]..





HAROLD saunas. 160 m Ave. Brooklyn, I. Y.





 





 





I ' 1 as Deaf 25 Years





   

 

 

 





 

 

 





They are perfectly com- " .

fortable. No one sees Mosul In hr 1 .

them. Write me and l PIL NOV- 3.85 “’03

will tell you atrue story “0-9037

WAIJgot deaf and how I made myself hear.



ress Artificial Ear Drum Co.





 





 





 





L. no.1». my. a meme. so, Detroit. In.





 





 





 





 





667150]





DIV/7,45





W’





-—it answers every beverage

requirement-vim, vigor, re-

freshment, wholesomcncss.





It will satisfy you.





Demand the genuine

by fail me—

Nicknames encourage

substitution.





THE COCA-COLA Co., Amara, GA,





— as... s...» ..~;.... ,‘
558 ~14





IIIIIIIIIIIIINIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIUWIMHiIIIiIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIHIIHHIIIIIIIIIIHHIHIfl





Markets.

E 3





[\EHIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIl|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIll||IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

GRAINS AND SEEDS.





May 19, 1914.



Wheat—It has been a gentle sur-

prise to outsiders to witness an ad-

vancing wheat market at this time.

From every side the most flattering

reports had been coming and it seem-

ed that prices must go to a lower

basis, but notwithstanding this the

market has had good support from

certain quarters and the past week

has added to it. Persistent reports of

damage by Hessian fly are coming

from gradually widening territory with





 





the center of greatest activity in Mis:





' souri and Illinois. While it may be

that the injury to the plant has been

magnified, it is certain that the work

of the fly is reaching over a sufficient

field that traders must reckon with

the results. Rough estimates have

put the probable damage thus far

noted at 30,000,000 bushels. Besides

this, the falling off in the corn crop





of Argentine has added strength to-





wheat here. A year ago the price for

No. 2 red wheat was $1.071/2 per bu.

Quotations for the past week are:





No. 2 No. 1



Red. White. July.



Wednesday . . . . . . 981/1, 7% 87

Thursday . .981/5 98 87%

Friday ..... . 981/2 98 87 1/2



Saturday ........ 98% 98%, 89

Monday ......... 98% 98%, 88%

Tuesday .........99 98% 891/.)

Chicago, (May 19) .—No. 2 red





wheat 981,50; May 97340; July 88%c

per bushel.



Corn.—~Although on Tuesday there

was a slight reaction in corn values

the drift of the trade has been rather

strongly upward. This has been due

partly to reported damage of consid-

erable extent to the Argentine corn

crop, the estimated decrease in the

probable surplus of that country be-

ing 125,000,000 bushels. Dry weather

in some sections of the corn belt has

also given support to higher values

and likewise a heavy decrease in the

visible supply. One year ago the price

for No. 3 corn was 571/20 per bushel.

Quotations fonthe past week are:



’ No. 2 No. 2

lVlziéted. Yellow.





,Wednesday}. . . . . . . . . 711,4

Thursday 71 721/2

Friday ............. 71 72%

Saturday ........... 72 721,43

Monday ............ 73 73%

Tuesday ............ 721/2, 73





Chicago, (May 19).—-No. 2 corn 71

@720; May 69c; July 67%c per bu.

Oats—Trading in this cereal has

followed the other two major grains

with values ruling above those quoted

a week ago. A few reports of crop

damage have come in but they have

not been of any considerable moment.

Visible supply decreased a half mil-

lion bushels. A year ago the price

was 410 for standard. Quotations for

the past week are:

No.3





Standard. Whizte.





Wednesday . . . . . . . . . 42% 4

Thursday 43 42%

Friday ..... . . ...... 43 42 1/é

Saturday ........... 43% 43

Monday ............ 43% 43

Tuesday ............ 431/2 43

Chicago, (May 19) .-—-Standard oats





411,110; May 40%c; July 391,40 per bu.



Beans.—Demand has eased off a lit-

tle. The local board of trade quotes

immediate and prompt shipment at

$2.07; June $2.12 per bu. Chicago re-

ports easy prices. Pea beans, hand-

picked, choice, are steady at $2.20@

2.25; common $2@2.15; red kidneys,

choice $3.25@3.35.



Rye.——This cereal is steady. N0. 2

is quoted at 650 per bu.





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





Flour.—Jobbing lots in one-eighth

paper sacks are selling on the Detroit

market per 196 lbs. as follows. Best

patent $5.30; second $5; straight

$4.75; spring patent $5.10; rye flour

$4.40 per bbl.



Feed.——In 100-lb. sacks, jobbing lots

are: Bran $28; standard middlings

$28; fine middlings $33; cracked corn

$31; coarse corn meal $30; corn and

oat chop $27.50 per ton.



Hay.—Good hay scarce, with prices

steady. Carlots on track at Detroit

are: No. 1 timothy $16.50@17; stan-

dard $15.50@16; No. 2, $14@15; light

mixed $15.50@16; No. 1 mixed $13.50

@15; No. 1 clover $13@13.50.



New York—Prices steady. No. 1

timothy $22.50; No. 3 to standard

$17.50@20.50.



Chicago—Market steady at un-

changed prices. Choice timothy is

quoted at $18.50@19 per ton; No.

$16@17.50; No. 2, $14.50@15.50 a ton.



Straw—Steady. . Rye $8@8.50; oat

straw $7@7.50; wheat straw $7@7.50

per ton.





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER’





DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





Button—Market is firm at prices a

%c lower than last week. Extra

creamery 25c per lb; firsts 24c; dairy

17c; packing stock 150. ,



Chicago—The demand is irregular,

therefore market is unsettled. Prices

are %c lower than last week. Extra

creamery 25%0; extra firsts 241/20;

firsts 21@230; seconds 180; packing

stock 160. . .



Elgin.—Market is firm at 25%c per

lb., which is 14c lower than last week.

This market holds up better than was

expected.



New York—The market is unset-

tled, with prices 1c lower than last

week. Creamery extras 25%@26c;

firsts 24@25c; seconds 22@23c; pack~

ing stock 17@171,éc.



Eggs.—Market is firm at prices %c

higher than last week. Current re-

ceipts of fresh stock quoted at 1934c.



Chicago.~——Market is unchanged.

Trading was not as sharp as last

week but all grades are selling fairly

well. Receipts not as heavy as last

week. Miscellaneous lots, cases in-

cluded 1714@181,éc; ordinary firsts

1714@1734c; firsts 181,é@18%c.



New York—Market is active, there





 





being a good demand for fresh stock..





Receipts are somewhat irregular in

quality. Fresh gathered extras 22%

@230; storage packed firsts 21@22c;

firsts 20@20%c; extra firsts 21@

211/60.



Poultry.—-—Firm; prices higher. Live

—Springs 181/5@19c; hens 18%@19c;

turkeys 18@200; geese 12@13c; ducks

17@18c.



Chicago.—The market is quiet and

prices are unchanged. Fowls in the

greatest demand. The slow trade in

live broilers is due to liberal offerings

of frozen broilers. Quotations on live

are: Turkeys, good weight 16c; oth-

ers 12c; fowls, choice 151/2c; old roos-

ters 101,50; broilers 1%@2 lbs. weight

26@28c; geese 100; ducks 14c; spring

ducks 22@25c.





FRUITS AN D VEGETABLES.





 





Apples.———Market is dull. Fresh

southern stuff is hurting the market.

Quality is getting poor.» Barrel stock

quoted: No. 1, $5.50@6.50; No. 2,

$4@4.50 per bbl. In Chicago an easy

feeling prevails on account of slow

market. Remaining stock is in few

hands who keep price up. Barrel stock

now quoted: Spies $5@6; Baldwins

$5@5.25; Ben Davis $3.50@4; Golden

Russets $5; Starks $4@5; Willow

Twigs $5.50@6.



Potatoes.—-‘Market is easy at un-

changed prices. Demand is only mod-

erate. Quotations. In bulk 62@65c

per bu; in sacks 68@70c per bu. for

carlots. At Chicago the market is

unsteady. Good stock sold well at

last week’s prices but poor stuff is

hard to sell. Good Michigan round,

white stock is quoted at 65@70c per

bushel.





GRAND RAPIDS.





The egg market opens firm this

week with quotations at 171,é@180.

Dairy butter is unchanged at 17c. No

change is noted in potatoes, sales on

the city market being at 65@700. Oth-

er vegetables on the market range as

follows: Spinach 50@60c; pieplant

40@50c; asparagus 60@700. The poul-

try market is easier, the range for

chickens being 14@14%c; geese 12@

13c; ducks 16@17c. Wheat is worth

92c; oats 39c; corn 650.





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Buffalo.

May 18, 1914.

(Special Report of Dunning and Stem

ens, New York Central Stock

Yards, East Buffalo, N. Y.)



Receipts of stock here today as fol-

lows: Cattle 182 cars; hogs 115 d.

d.; sheep and lambs 72 d. d.; calves

2,000 head.



With 180 cars of cattle on our mar-

ket here today and 21,000 reported in

Chicago, all cattle weighing 1200 or

over sold strong 15@25c per cwt. low-

er than last Monday, and the heav-

iest decline was on the best and heav-

iest cattle. At the close of the mar-

ket there were perhaps 15 cars of

weighty cattle unsold. The handy

butchering cattle, from 1100 lbs. down

sold steady to about 100 per cwt.

lower than last Monday. This class

of cattle at the close was well clean-

ed up, only two or three loads re-

maining unsold.



Our trade was quite active on all

grades of hogs, but the general mar-

ket about a nickel lower than Satur-

day. Pigs and lights sold to best ad-

vantage, this class selling from $8.85

@9, while yorkers, mixed and heavy,

sold at $8.85 generally. Roughs were

extremely dull and best sows were

quotable at $7.50@7.60; stags $6@7.





 





 





1. Market closed fair and a good clear-





ance was made.

The market was slow today on

lambs, but active on sheep. Prices





250 lower than the close of last week





on lambs; , sheep, steady. Choice

handy clip lambs selling mostly $8.50

@8.6 . We look for steady to shade

higher prices last of week with mod-

erate receipts. -

We quote: Choice clip lambs $8.50

@860; heavy lambs $7.50@7.75; cull

to fair lambs $6.50@8.40; ,yearlings

$6.50@7.75; bucks $3.50@4.50; handy

ewes $5.75@6; heavy ewes $5@5.50;

wethers $6.25@6.50; cull sheep $3.50

4.50; veals, choice to”extra $10.25@

0.50; fair to good $8.50@9.75; heavy

calves $5.50@7-. , ,. = _





Chicago.

May 18, 1914.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Receipts today..21,000 30,000 18,000

Same day 1913..21,518 42,761 25,368

Last week ..... 38,299 111,337 84,572

Same wk 1913..39,006 131,594 74,408



The receipts of cattle today were

larger than the Monday requirements

these times, and buyers were late in

starting out, with prospects for a de-

cline of at least a dime for most

kinds, heavy steers especially. De-

mand centered largely on fat light

steers and good butcher stock. Hogs

were largely 50 higher, with sales at

$8.25@8.60. Hogs received last week

were three pounds heavier than a.

week earlier in average weight, the

average rising to 237 lbs. Today’s

sheep and lamb market was firmer,

with.a small supply for the opening

day of the week.



Cattle weakened in values by the

middle of last week despite continued

small supplies, with only a moderate

general demand for killing stock, the

bulk of the steers crossing the scales

at $8.10@9, while the extreme range

was $7.40@9.45. On Wednesday the

highest sale was at $9.30, and the next

best at $9.15. Choice heavy beeves

sold at $9 and upward and the com-





 





mon to fair class of steers of light.





weight at $7.40@8.15, with a medium

class of steers at $8.20@8.55 and good

cattle at $8.60@8.95. Yearlings had

to be well finished in order to sell

satisfactorily, the better class going

at $8.65@9.25 and common to,pretty

good lots at $7.85@8.60. Most cattle

sold much higher than at correspond-

ing periods in former years, and this

was true of the common and medium

descriptions, as well as of better lots.

Butchering cows and heifers had a

quick sale as a rule, at $5.20@9, with

few selling over $8.65, although nu-

merous sales took place of yearling

steers and heifers mixed, at high fig-

ures. Cutters went at $4.70@5.15,

canners at $3.50@4.65 and bulls at

$5.50@8.10. There was as large trad-

ing in stockers and feeders as could

be expected with so few offered and

further sharp advances in prices,

sales ranging at $6.90@8.65, the high.

est quotations on record. As has been

the case all along, most of the sales

at high prices comprised yearling

stock steers and stock calves, and

packers purchased a big share of the

heavy feeders. There was an animat-

ed trade in calves, especially in light

vealers, these selling at $10@10.75 for

desirable ofierings, while heavy calves

went at $6 and over, with stock steer

calves in active request at $7.65@

8.75. The milker and springer traffic

was livelier at $60@90 per head, with

good cows wanted to ship to Ohio

dairy districts. .



Hogs suffered declines on several

days last week, with much larger re-

ceipts than for the preceding week

and no corresponding improvement in

the demand for choice lots to ship

east. General conditions are not any-

where as strong for sellers as they

were several weeks ago, and it is

necessary for country shippers to act

conservatively in the near future if

further bad breaks in prices are to

be avoided. Recent receipts have av-

eraged in weight 234 lbs., which com-

pares with 242.1bs. a year ago and

235 lbs. two years ago, and prime





light hogs sold highest of all, with'





choice heavy lots going at a discount

of 50 or more and packers insisting

on big, heavy packer hogs being tak-

en from straight carloads and sold on

their merits. Fresh pork still has a

good sale, and the trade in cured hog

meats is fair for the season. At the

close of the week hogs rallied and

advanced to $8.10@8.55 fer the com-

monest to the best, with the top only

50 lower than a week earlier. Pigs

closed at $7.50@8.40 and stags at $8.60

@9.10. Prime heavy hogs sold close

to top figures.



Sheep and lambs sold extraordinar-

ily well last Week, reaching extremely-

high prices for everything at all de-

sirable in quality, as‘the receipts were

very much smaller in volume than a.

few weeks ago, while insufi‘icient of-

ferings caused lively competition be-

tween rival buyers. Fair numbers of

belated Colorado-fed wooled lambs

showed up, but otherwise about ev-

erything in the live mutton line came

shorn, including many Colorado lambs.

Prices were decidedly the best of the

year, for lambs, which sold far higher

than a year ago. Southern spring

lambs ‘have‘began moving to market,





MAY :23, 1914.





and the big Chicago packers receiVed





fairly. large supplies consigned, direct,





to them from Louisvnlé. ' Shipments

of sheep and lambs from here for the

week aggregated 20,258 head, com-,

paring with only 8,821 for the same

week last year. At the week’s close ,

lambs sold 40@60c higher, and sheep

15@25c higher than a week earlier.‘

Colorado wooled lambs brought $7.50

@935, while clipped flocks sold as

follows: Lambs $6@8.50; yearlings

$6.25@7.10; wethers $5.50@6.25; ewes

$4@6; bucks $4.25@5.25; spring lambs

brought $8.50@9.75 per 100 lbs. '



Horses were not in large supply,

last week, and yet they were largely,

$5@15 per head lower, strictly prime,

ones excepted, for the latter were,

comparatively few. Buyers did not,

want many horses, and sales werei

apt to drag, with good drafters sala-,

ble around $225@250 and better ones:

quoted up to $275@300. Light chunksi

brought $185@220, with heavier onesl

taken at $230@250. Pairs of good

farm horses brought $300@350, and[

quite a. number of farm mares sold‘

singly around $180@185. ‘





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





(Continued from page 561).





Marion Co.—Wheat and rye are

looking fine, and meadows an pas-

tures are in good condition. Oats are

up in good shape, and corn is being

planted. A larger acreage of corn

than usual is being put in. The fruit

trees have blossomed, and there are

prospects of a fair crop. Some spray-

ing has been done, but no new or-

chard are being setout. Pigs and

sheepare very scarce articles in this

county at present. Eggs 18c; butter

18c; calves 6@7c; cows are selling at

fancy prices. ‘





 





Missouri.





Vernon Co.—Small grains are in

fine condition. Wheat and rye are

heading, and have made an abundant

growth of straw, so under favorable

conditions we shall have a heavy crop

of small grain. Meadows and pas-

tures are doing very well. The fruit

seems to be all right, in spite of the

cold season. There is some spraying

done, but not as much as there should

be for proper care of the orchards.

A good many fruit and forest trees

have died during the past year, from

what cause no one seems to know.

Some new, orchards have been set,

and old orchards filled in. Hogs $7.60;

cattle $6@7; corn 75c; oats 55c; hay

$13; butter $14; eggs 17c; hens 13c;

geese 8c; turkeys 10c; ducks 14c.



Warren Co.——The pig crop is short,

and the lamb crop fair. No shearing

has been done yet, but there will be

a great deal of wool at 20c. There is

a large acreage of oats. Wheat, rye,

meadows and pastures are fine. Fruit

has not been hurt, and will make an

abundant crop, especially apples and

peaches. All orchards of any size

have been sprayed, and a few new

orchards’have been set. A good many

silos are being built. Eggs 17c; but-

ter 25c; hogs $7.75; wheat 90c; corn

700; oats 500; potatoes $1.10.



South Dakota.



Todd Co.—Small grains have made

a fine start, as there is plenty of mois-

ture. Meadows and pastures are

looking fine. This is a new country,

and there is no fruit raised here. Eggs

13c; butter 200; hogs $8; wheat 75c;

corn 600; oats 400; flax $1.25; bar-

ley 500.



Meade Co.—April was a wet month

and May came in cold and wet.

Wheat and all small grains look good.

Meadows and pastures never looked

better. In spite of the cold, wet

weather, the lamb crop is numbered

by thousands, and are doing fine.

Wool prices are quoted at 16@17c per

pound, but no shearing has been done

yet. Fruit trees are looking good:

there was some damage to trees by

rabbits. Alfalfa is surely a reliable

crop, and a large acreage is being

sown, most farmers sowing from five

to 20 acres. Market prices: Cream

24c; butter 15c; eggs 12c; corn $1.35

per cwt; wheat 85c; millet $1 per bu;

oats $1.25 per cwt. There is no stock

being sold. A few cows are being

bought for $60@70.



Nebraska.



Knox Co.—The weather. has been

somewhat rainy, and the ground is in

fine shape for work. The pig crop is

going to be large, but there are no

sheep raised in this country on ac-

count of the wolves. Every farmer

is putting in about 60 acres of small

grain, and about 60 to 70 acres of

corn. Since the rain, wheat, rye,

meadows and pastures are doing fine,

and cattle have been turned out on

the pastures. Fruit prospects are

good, as there have been no injurious

frosts. No spraying is being done.

Eggs 14c; butter 200; cows $70;

horses $75@150; corn on ear 51c;

shelled 53c; wheat 70c; oats.35c. '



Kansas.



Cowley Co.—There has been plenty



of rain, and wheat and rye are in fine

(Continued on next page).





+.





 





. ”—1,“... .
MAY .23, 1914.; . -





THIS is THE LAST EDITION.



The first edition is sent to thosewho

have not expressed a desire for the

latest markets. The late market ed1-

tion will be sent on request at any

t me.





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





Thursday’s Market.

May 21, 1914.





Cattle.



Receipts 1368. Bulls dull; other

grades 10@200 lower than last week;

milch cows $5@10 lower.



Best heavy steers $8.75@9.10; best

handy weight butcher steers $8.25@

8.50; mixed steers and heifers $7.75@

8.25; handy light butchers $7.50@8;

light butchers $7@7.50; best cows

$6.75@7; butcher cows $6@6.50; com-

mon cows $5@5.50; canners $3@4.25;

best heavy bulls $7@7.25; bologna

bulls $6.50@6.85; stock bulls $6.50@





6.75; feeders $7.25@7.50; _ stockers

$6.75@7.50; milkers and sprmgers $45

@75





Haley & M. sold Rattkowsky 3 cows

and bulls av 943 at $6.60; to Ham—

mond S. & Co. 7 steers av 991 at $8;

to Thompson Bros. 2 cows av 780 at

$6, 1 do wgh 930 at $6.25, 1 steer wgh

1070 at $8.25, 3 cows av 993 at $6.25,

2 steers av 1065 at $8, 4 do av 787

at $7.50, 4 cows av 1157 at $6.85, 1 bull

wgh 1250 at $6.85; to Ogman 5 cows

av 980 at $5.50; to Heinrich 26 steers

av 916 at $8.10; to Bresnahan 11





stockers av 600 at $7.10; to Kull 8 '





steers av 792 at $7.80, 3 cows av 793

at $6.50; to Newton B. Co. 1 bull wgh

1350 at $6.75; to Kamman B. Co. 5

steers av 894 at $7.85, 4 cows av 895

at $6.25; to Applebaum 2 bulls av 960

at $7; to Gerisch 20 steers av 860 at

$7.90.

' Roe Com. Co. sold Beach 8 feeders

av 795 at $7.65; to Mich. B. Co.

cows av 1070 at $6.75, 1 do wgh 950

at $5, 3 do av 1090 at $6.75, 1 do wgh

1100 at $6, 1 do wgh 1100 at $5.25, 23

steers av 990 at $8.25; to Kamman B.

Co. 7 do av 967 at $8.10, 5 do av 930

at $8, 2 cows av 1200 at $6.75, 5 do

av 1040 at $7; to Bresnahan 7 heifers

av 480 at $7; to Kamman B. Co. 2

bulls av 900 at $6.75; to Sullivan P.

Co. 21 steers av 982 at $8.25; to Og-

den 3 cows av- 1040 at $5.50; to

Thompson Bros 1 do wgh 920 at $4;

to Kamman B. Co. 4 do av 960 at

$6.75; to Rattkowsky 3 cows av 980

at $6.25, 1 do wgh 840 at $5.



Bishop, B. & H. sold SulliVan P. Co.

20 steers av 1040 at $7.60, 26 do av

909 at $7.75, 20 do av 892 at $8.10, 10

do av 845 at $8, 2 bulls av 1410 at

$6.85, 1 steer wgh 750 at $7, 2 bulls

av 1150 at $6.75, 4 cows av 1082 at

$6.75; to Hammond, S. & Co. 1 bull

wgh 1280 at $7, 2 steers av 1060 at

$8.50, 12 do av 1088 at $8.70, 1 cow

wgh 1290 at $7, 2 steers av 1245 at

$6.75, 2 cows av 1260 at $6.75, 1 bull

wgh 1360 at $6.75, 5 cows av 1140 at

$6.50, 23 steers av 1050 at $8.25, 3

cows av 947 at $6, 13 steers av 990 at

$8.25; to Mason B. Co. 9 do av 861 at

$8, 1 cow wgh 930 at $7, 2 cow and

bull av 1130 at $6.25; to Bresnahan

8 steers av 785 at $7.40, 3 heifers av

503 at $6.50; to Breitenbeck 3 cows

av 960 at $5, 14 do av 1034 at $6.50;

to Kamman B. Co. 15 butchers av 908

at $7.90; to Parker, W. & Co. 2 can-

ners av 810 at $4, 2 do av 685 at $4;

to Mich. B. Co. 2 cows av 985 at $5.25,

2 cows av 910 at $6.65, 10 do av 998

at $6, 18 steers av 1240 at $8.25; to

Rather 1 bull wgh 1400 at $7.25; to

Parker, W. & Co. 21 steers av 1065

at $8.25; to Mich. B. Co. 8 do av 940

at $7, 11 do av 960 at $8, 5 do av 800

at $7.75, 1 do wgh 1540 at $8.50.



Spicer & R. sold Sullivan P. Co.

2 bulls av 1525 at $7, 3 cows av 1090

at $6.50, 4 do av 832 at $6.50, 2 do av

875 at $5, 1 bull wgh 1180 at $7.25, 2

cows av 1000 at $6, 4 do av 955 at

$6.25; to Murray 1 steer wgh 890 at

$8, 1 do wgh 1060 at $7.85; to LaBoe

1 do wgh 840 at $7.25; to Beach 6 do

av 860 at $7.75; to Thompson Bros. 1

cow wgh 1310 at $6.65, 3 do av 933 at

$6, 2 heifers av 815 at $7.50, 1 cow

wgh 850 at $4.25, 1 bull wgh 1240 at

$7; to Beach 2 stockers av 580 at $7,

2 do av 450 at $7.25; to Kull 1 bull

wgh 1030 at $6.75; to Rattkowsky 2

oxen av 1600 at $7, 4 cows av 952 at

$6.35; to Beach 3 stockers av 617 at

$7.25; to Hammond, S. & Co. 2 cows

av 900 at $5.75; to Parker, W. & Co.

2 bulls av 1090 at $6.75, 4 do av 1212

at $6.75, 2 cows av 1125 at $6.75.



- Veal Cales.



Receipts 1144. Market steady. Best

$10@10.50; others $7@9.50.



Roe Com. Co. sold Newton B. Co. 1

wgh 130 at $8, 10 av 149 at $10.50, 4

av 185 at $8, 6 av 155 at $10.50.



Haley & M. sold Thompson Bros.

1 wgh 180 at $10.50, 3 av 100 at $7,

1 wgh 160 at $10; to Newton B. Co.

10 av 145, at $10. 7 av 150 at $10; to

Applebaum 7 av 175 at $10.50; to

Shaparo 5 av 165 at $9.75, 8 av 170 at

$9.75, '6 av 130 at $10; to Thompson

Bros 5 av 125 at $10.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts 1575. Market steady. Best

lambs $8@8.25: fair do $7@7.50; light

to common lambs $5.50@6; yearlings





“ .. ‘1





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





-$6.50@7.25;'.fair to good sheep $5.50 '

-@6; culls and common $3@4; spring





lambs $10@11. . - _

Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P. Go.

8 spring lambs av 55 at $10.50, 6

lambs av 65 at $6.50, 10 sheep av-67

at $6.50, 16 sheep av 90 at $4.50. 18





do av75 at $4.50; to Hammond, S. &





Co. 18 lambs av73 at $8.25, 31 do

av 82 at $8.25, 9 do av 75 at $8.25, 10

sheep av 130 at $5.50, 9 lambs, av 75

at $8; to Mich. B. Co. 303 lambs av

70 at $8.25; to Young 40 do av 60 at

$6.60; to Fitzpatrick Bros. 17 do av

55 at $8; to Harland 8 spring lambs

av 62 at $11, 8 do av 45 at $9.50; to

Fitzpatrick Bros. '9 lambs av 75 at

$7, 16 sheep av 105 at $5, 22 do av

75 at $4, 13 lambs av 50 at $5, 10 do

av 70 at $8.25; to Mich. B. Co. 29

spring lambs av 50 at $10.50; _to

Hayes ,9 lambs av 65 at $8; to Fitz-

patrick Bros. 10 do av 79 at $8, 6 do

av 50 at $6; to Barlage 22 wool lambs

av 55 at $8.50; to Young 52 do av 75

at $9; to Barlage 20 do av 50 at $5.50.

Hogs.



Receipts, 7755. Heavy $8.55; pigs

and lights $8.70; bulk of sales $8.60.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S.

& Co. 4300 av 190 at $8.60.



Same sold Miller & Co. 1012 av 200

at $8.70. _



Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Go.

617 av 190 at $8.60.



Spicer & R. sold Parker, W. & Co.

1300 av 190 at $8.60.



Haley & M. sold same 360 av 190

at $8.60.





 





Friday's Market.

May 15, 1914.

Cattle.

Receipts this week 1558; last week

1269; market steady. Best steers $8.50

8.75; steers and heifers, 1000 to





@

2 1200, $8@8.50; do 800 to 1000, $7.50@





8; steers and heifers that are fat, 500

to 700, $6.75@7.50; choice fat cows,

$7@7.25; good do $6.25@6.75; com-

mon cows $5.50@5.75; canners $3.50

@425; choice heavy bulls $7@7.25;

fair to good bologna bulls $6.50@6.75;

stock bulls $6@6.50; choice feeding

steers 800 to 1000, $7.25@7.75; fair

feeding steers, 800 to 1000, $7@7.25;

choice stockers, 500 to 700, $7@7.25;

fair stockers, 500 to 700, $6.50@6.75;

stock heifers, $6@6.50; milkers, large,

young, medium age $65@85; common

milkers $45@55.

Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this week 1717; last week

3009; market 250 higher. Best lambs

$8.50; fair lambs $7.50@8; light to

common lambs $6@7; yearlings $7.25;

fair to good sheep $5@6; culls and

common $3.50@4.50.





Hogs. ‘

Receipts this week 9371; last week

9177; market steady, $8.45@8.50.





 





(Continued from preceding page).

condition. Alfalfa will be ready to

cut by the last of the month. Pas-

tures have been slow starting, and

some fears are felt that last year’s

drouth has killed the grass. The

spring grains will have the usual

acreage, with Kafliir perhaps in the

lead. About an average pig and calf

crop. There are no sheep in this 10-

cality. Fruit was hurt by late freez-

ing, but prospects are good for a plen—

tiful crop. Only large orchards are

sprayed, and few new orchards are

being set. Eggs 16c; butter 14c;

cream 210; corn 75c; oats 44c; hay

$12@16; milk $1.25; hogs $7.75; cat-

tle $3.50@6.



Franklin Co.——-Thus far May has

been windyland rather dry, but a

quarter-inch of rain yesterday fresh—

ened crops and pastures up. Few

sheep are kept in this county. The

pig crop was good, a little above the

average. Some lost a good many early

during the cold weather, but the rest

are growing nicely. There is a great-

er acreage of oats and corn put in

than for the past few years. Oats

look fine, and corn is coming up nice-

ly. Those planting corn on sod.

ground have to replant, as .cutworms

are bad. Wheat and rye are in extra

good shape, and meadows and pas-

tures look fine, but have a tendency

to be very weedy. Prospects for fruit

seem to be good in most cases, es-

pecially for berries, and strawberries

will begin to ripen in about another

week. About half the orchards are

sprayed, and orchardists find spray-

ing very beneficial. Mice did not dam-

age trees toany extent. A few new

orchards have been set. Many young

trees set last year died, owing to the

drouth and bad to be replaced this

spring. Eggs 16c; butter-fat 200:

wheat 800; corn 650; hogs $8.25; cat-





tle $8

Colorado.



Kit Carson Co.——We have had three

days of steady rain, but it is now

clear, everything looks good, and

there are prospects for a good crop,

excepting of late planted winter

wheat, which is badly killed. Alfalfa

looks fine. There will be a good lot

of corn and cane planted, as cane,

milo maze and such crops make good

roughage. _





 





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LIVE Let us handle your

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Shlp your Hay to Plltsburgh audio

Danni McCaflroy Sons Company



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Bet—any bank or Mercantile Agency

FARMERS—We are paying good premium above

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Cheese Co.. 31-33 Griswold St" Detroit. Mich.





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Don’t Let Smut

Ruin Your Crops





when you can prevent it by a

simple method of treating the

seed. Don’t let disease rob you

of a valuable horse or cow when

a simple remedy applied in time

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Learn 120w ollzer farmers have

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YOU can do.





THE I.C.S. FARMER’S HANDBOOK

contains 380 pages of money-making

ideas and pointers gathered from the

experience of the most successful

farmers in the country. A few of

the subjects treated are:





Soil; Drainage: Fertilizers: Farm

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THE I.C.S. POULTRY HANDBOOK is

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Box 1147. Scranton. Po.





I enclose 5 ._ior which please send me the

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PROF. STEWART’S NEW 1914 LIME-SULPHUR HY DRGMETER

APPROVED sv runs. AND NEW 70111: sun: Lam-mum snnous





sieszarsiso e-a-_

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We have many sble- bodied





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Chloalo.





 





 





 





hTHE'MICHIGAN FARMER





llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllj





l—lfi





lllHlillIllllllllillllllllllllllIlllllllllllIlllllllIllIIIllllllllI[IlllIIII|IIHIIIllIlllllllIlllllull!"llillIIII||lllIllllllIlllHill|IllllIllllllll'lIlllllllllllIllIIIIllllllIllllllllll|IIIlllllllIllHIfllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllg





Farm Commerce.





|llllllllllll||||llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IlllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIfllllllllllllllIllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllli”





Farmers Will Do Publicity Work.





HE hen’s Icackle should not be



overlooked. It is important, very



important, indeed, to the owner

of the hen. That cackle may adver-

tise the arrival of an egg or the pres-

ence of an enemy in the coop. He

consciously, or unconsciously, depends

upon the cackle and goes to get the

egg, or to put the enemy to flight.



Now a little cackling would help



the average farmer. He goes about

his duties so humbly that no notice is

given him; especially when everybody

is drunk with the noises made by the

business men. Above their clatter and

clamor for attention, any ordinary din

would not be heard. But this noisy

hunch is getting the business. People

have the habit of following the hub-

bub; they want excitement. They

wish to be in the swim and so they

buy of, or sell to, the man whose

name is on every tongue. The only

way that the farmer can get the ear

of those who would deal with him is

to make a noise, advertise.



Where Experience Counts.





Yes, advertise. Since the days of

Benjamin Franklin the business man

has been growing more and more

wise to the advantages of making his

business known. The large amount

of advertising space used in periodi-

cals, newspapers, bill-boards, etc., is

not the product of an insane mind,

but of experience. Business houses

many years ago used small advertise-

ments whereas today they want more

room for their message to prospective

customers. It pays. The test has

been made time and time again, and

these concerns know about how many

dollars and cents they will get in re-

turn for every dollar spent in adver-

tising.



And the farmer is learning the les-

son. The same road that the business

man has traveled, the tiller of the soil

will go. But he will go faster. He

has the experience of the other to

guide him. As soon as he feels that

here is something he needs he will

seek it out, learn its principles and

use it.



What May be Done at Home.



He will advertise in many ways.

The most common of business adver-

tising methods will likely find first.

place with most agriculturists. The

name of the farm will be neatly print-

ed and placed where every passerby

cannot help but read, the same as the

merchant has the name of his com-

pany placed over the door. Such ad-





vertising may have its inception in

sentiment, but it will bring business

if done half well.



Along with the name, the bulletin

board will find a place and thereon

goods will be advertised. A rather

common thing, and yet for that rea-

son it must be an effective one, or it

would never have become common

among business men.



Reaching the Outside Man.



But the above will only reach that

class of persons who pass by the

farm, so to make the influence broad-

er he will put the name of the farm

on his stationery and wherever let-

ters go out from“ that farm the name

goes with it. Cards handed to friends

and strangers during moments of

travel reaches still further into the

outside world. In these things he also

imitates the business man.



Then the farmer will add the print-

ed page, and that is the road laid out

by the man of affairs. He will buy

space and each time he will consider

more carefully what he puts in that

space—something that will get the

eye and hold it till the message is de-

livered. Here he will widen amazing-

ly the world’s knowledge of his farm

and the products he has for sale.



And he will exhibit. Automobile

shows bring business, why not agri-

cultural shoWs? At fairs, granges,

farmers’ clubs, in merchants’ win-

dows, at the markets, wherever peo-

ple congregate, opportunities are of-

fered. People want to see the goods;

ShOW them—give them a chance to

feel the pull of superior products.



Holding One’s Customers.



Then again, what a tragedy it would

be if a satisfied and enthusiastic buy-

er did not know where to“ go for more

of a product. The business man puts

the address upon the goods. He in-

vites repeat orders. He makes the

machine or the package carry the

message. So the farmer will put his

name and address on baskets, barrels,

boxes, cans, paper wrappers, wagons,

anywhere and everywhere, to catch

the eye and fasten the name in the

recesses of the buyer’s mind as well

as the minds of men generally.



It is along these lines that the farm-

er of tomorrow will work to increase

his income. While sentiment may

urge him to keep from the notice of

the world, business will compel his

going forth and heralding abroad, pro-

claiming wherever he can the virtues

of his wares.





||HIIIllH|HHlllIHIllllH|IIIii||INllHlllllI“IIlllllllllllllilillllllllll|IHIIIHHIHIHIIHIIIHHHIllllllIllHHHHIHIIHllllilllllIHHIllll||||llllIIIHHHHHIHIHHIHHIHHIIHlIIIlHlIlHlHlHHIlIHlIHHIIIII!llilllllIHHIIHUIHHHHII

Many Fruit Growing Communities Fratcrmzc.





 





ENZIE county fruit growers and



farmers have organized and will



combine the co—operative mar-

keting plan that is followed on the

Pacific coast with crop improvement

work, such as is being done in sec-

tions of Illinois and in other places.

A meeting was held at Frankfort and

officers were elected as follows: Pres-

ident, A. G. Cornell; secretary, Chas.

J. Kinney. A competent manager will

be selected, also a soil expert. A cen-

tral packing and shipping warehouse

will be built from which point Benzie

fruit and farm products will be dis-

tributed in carlots. A standard brand

and standard methods of grading and

packing will be adopted. Improved

general farming methods will be {urg-

ed, also the development of dairying

and hogs, poultry and bees, it being

recognized that man cannot live by

fruit alone, especially in off years.

Seed, fertilizers, spray material, fruit

packages, machinery, etc., will be pur-

chased co-operatively and all unnec-

essary expenses cut off, as do the





 





now for catalog. (3.0 HELD N. Nehswka. Nebr.





successful corporations and business

houses. The by—laws specify that each

member shall have one vote irrespec-

tive of the size of his farm, but the

expenses are borne pro rate. based on

packages of fruit handled or business

handled for each member. A member

loses his vote when he sells his farm

and the association is bound to pay

him for his stock.



Benzie county now has 2,000 acres

of fruit lands in bearing and it is es-

timated that within two years there

will be an additional 8,000 acres of

tree and small fruits. The steam road

which serves that territory has ar-

ranged a shipping service this season

to meet the needs of growers and it

is expected that the boats will also

give improved service. Fruit packed

today will be put into Detroit, Toledo

and other markets early tomorrow

morning. Over a hundred growers

have already joined the association,

or will'do so at once.



About 50 Oceana county fruit grow-

ers have organized the Fruit Valley





I





MAY 23, 1914.





Canning Company and will build a

plant at New Era to take care of this

season’s crop of peaChes, apples and

other fruits. V. W. Green, a Well-

known fruit grower, is secretary. No





member may hold over $200 worth of





stock.





Osceola county growers »have.organ-'





ized under the name of the Evart

Fruit Growers’ Association. S. F. Pos-

tal is president and Robert Rosen,

secretary. It is the purpose to grow

more fruit, particularly better fruit,

and regular meetings will be held for

orchard demonstrations and practical

discussions.



Recognizing the urgent need of co-

operation the farmers of Charlevoix

county has taken an option on the old

sugar warehouse and lands at Charle-

voix and it is proposed to form a $10,-

000 stock company with shares at $10

each and to convert the sugar factory

into a cold storage and shipping ware-

house. Otto Powers is‘ taking the lead

in the movement.



Jackson county fruit growers have

re-elected officers for *the year and

have decided to put on the annual ap-

ple Show in Jackson this fall, also to

make a fruit exhibit at the state fair.





SOME PARCEL POST HINTS.





 





The following hints on packing par-

cels for delivery by parcel post have

been sent out by the postmaster at

Washington, D. 0.:



Pack and wrap your parcels se‘

curely. ‘



Most of the damage and losses are

due to insecure packing.



Address your parcel correctly and

plainly.



Write your own name and address

in the upper left hand corner.



Packages containing eggs should be

marked “Eggs.”



Packages containing perishable mat-

ter should be marked “Perishable.”



Packages containing liquids, jellies,

etc., should be marked “Fragile.”



Don’t pack eggs, berries or similar

produce in a thin pasteboard box.



Eggs wrapped separately and sur-

rounded in cotton or excelsior and

packed in a strong corrugated paste-

board, wooden or metal box can be

sent any distance.



Don’t put any writing in the pack-

age unless it is a bill for the goods,

or a description of the contents of the

package.



Do not send perishable matter so it

will arrive in the city on a Saturday

evening or on Sunday—unless you use

a special delivery stamp.



Consult your postmaster as to the

best time for mailing country produce

so as to reach the city at the best

hour, the quickest time and in the

best condition.





LIVE STOCK NEWS.





 





Wisconsin buyers report a short

crop of marketable calves owing to

a disposition among dairymen to re-

tain the female calves for maturing

purposes. At such central points as





Fond du Lac offerings of calves have

been falling all of 40 per cent short

of the normal figures, and the chances

are that veal is going to sell at high

prices in the future. There is a mark-

ed shortage of milch cows nearly ev-

erywhere, and the maturing process

has become highly profitable.-





Within four weeks receipts of for-

eign beef in New York have aggregat-

ed 31,226 carcasses, the greater part

going into coolers for future con-

sumption. Warm weather from now

on will cause much decreased impor-

tations. The Argentine ‘beef has met

with an unfavorable reception in Chi-

cago and other western markets,

where it has been sold by retail mar-

kets close to the prices asked for

good domestic beef, although it' is

much inferior in quality.





There is a Wide spread demand for

cattle for grazing, and the call is es-

neciallv large in districts Where few

young cattle were wintcred because

of the light supply of- feed resulting

from last year’s drought. The largest

demand by far is for yearling light

stock steers, and these are bringing

very high prices.





 





 





- ‘e—h’.





' hacg'





i
- ‘u-tf.





 





 





 





 





6





MAY 23, 1914.





Crop and Market Notes.





Michigan. _



Gratlot Co.—-Oats were late, some

being sown the first week in May.

The acreage of oats is above _the av~

erage, and more barley is being put

in than usual. Corn ground is being

prepared, but a great deal of it will

not be planted'before May 20. Wheat

is in good condition.. Peppermint

promises to be a factor in this section

of the county, as a great, many are

getting enough roots‘ this year to

plant several acres next year. This

crOp prdved a paying venture to those

who began last year. Fruit, except

peaches, is in good condition. Many

new orchards were put out. Beans

are quoted at $2. Some are leavrng

them out of the rotation this season,

but the acreage promises as large as

usual. Eggs 18c; butter 16@22c;

ho s 7.75.



filecsosta. Co.——Fall seeding is look-

ing good. There were not as many

oats sown here as usual. Fruit pros‘

pects are not very bright. Spraying

is somewhat neglected. A conSider-

able number of fruit trees are being

set. Pasture is coming along rather

slow. The pig crop is good. Horses

and milch cows are scarceand high.

There are quite a good many potatoes

still in growers' hands for the time of

year. Eggs 17c; butter-fat 22c; butter

18@20c; potatoes 500; there is not

much live stock marketed; hogs 8%c;

veals 7c. .



Hillsdale Co.——Recent rains have

produced ideal conditions for mead-

ows, pasture fields, wheat, rye, and

oats, and all these crops are looking

unusually promising. About the usual

acreage of oats were sown, the crop

for the most part being sown in good

time, due largely to the extensive

acreage of fall plowing. Preparations

for corn-planting are now in progress,

and the acreage promises to be large.

Fruit trees are blossmoing full, and

barring detrimental frosts, the trees

will probably be ladened with fruit.

as the weather is idea for the bloss

soming time, fairly warm, with plenty

of sunshine. About the usual number

of young trees have been set this

spring, mostly peach, plum and cher-

ry. But few new apple orchards are

being set. The work of building and

repairing roads is under way in many

localities. The number of young pigs

and lambs is as large as usual. The

number of pigs will probably exceed

that of recent years, due to the fact

that cholera has not made its appear;

ance for many months, in localities

hitherto affected. The output of Wool

is about normal, 22c being paid for

good quality. Wheat is quoted at 93c;

rye 62c; oats 38c; potatoes 55@65c;

hay $11; straw $4@6; live chickens

150; eggs 180; butter 20@22c.



New York.



Columbia Co.——We are having a late

spring, and there are some oats to be

sown yet. Pastures and meadows are

promising. About the usual amount

of crops will be grown. Fruit, except

peaches, will be a fair crop; fruit

trees are not yet in bloom. There is

some spraying being done, while a

few orchards are being set. The pig

and lamb crops are normal. Wool 25c

1b; butter 35c; eggs 20c; potatoes

retail at $1.25.



Orleans and Niagara Co.’s.——Farm-

ers are somewhat discouraged over

the outlook, as very few spring crops

are in, and very little ground is pre-

pared, as we have had considerable

rain. Winter wheat and grass are

looking fine. Apple trees will blossom

full, and the prospects are good for

a full crop, while peaches will be al-

most a total failure. Other fruit seems

to promise well. Spraying is about

completed, although it has been ac-

complished under difficulties.



New Jersey.



Monmouth Co.—-Pigs are scarce and

high, selling at $4.50@5 each at six

weeks old. Very little wool is pro-

duced, price 20@220. Only a small

acreage of oats has been put in.

Wheat, rye, meadows and pastures

are looking well. Fruit prospects are

good and considerable spraying has

been done. Fruit trees were damag-

ed by rabbits and mice. There are not

many new orchards being set. Eggs

18c; butter 30c; veal 10c; wheat $1;

corn 75c.



Morris Co.——The weather is very

warm and there is plenty of rain. On.

1y a few farmers are through seeding

oats, and some have started to plow

for corn. The season isabout two or

three weeks late. Prospects for all

crops of fruit are excellent. The pig

crop is good, and six weeks- old pigs

are in great demand at $7.50@8 per

pair. There was no winter damage

to fruit trees by mice, but snowbanks

ruined a few by breaking them down.

A few fruit trees are being set out,

but no large orchards are being at

out. Butter 33c; eggs 281:; com :30

per ton; wheat $1. .



. Pennsylvania.



Lancaster Co.-—Tlie pig crop is

slightly under normal. There are al-





THE MICHIGAN FARME-R'





most no lambs raised. About the us-

ual acreage of spring grains being put

in. Wheat, rye, meadows and pas-

tures ase in excellent condition. Fruit

prospects are very good, as the blos-

soms do not seem to be injured. Some

spraying has been done. ”Fruit trees

were not damaged by mice, but some

were killed by rabbits. Few orchards

are being set. Eggs 18c; butter 29c:

chickens 12@14c.



Erie Co.—Everything is very back-

ward for the time of year. There will

be the usual acreage of spring crops.

The pig crop is very short. Wheat.

rye, meadows and pastures are in fine

condition. Fruit prospects look very

good. Eggs 18c; butter 260; veal 7c;

oats 500; potatoes $1.



Bucks Co.—-We are having a wet

and late spring. Oat sowing is not

all done yet, although there will be

the average acreage of oats and corn.

Grain and grass look good. Fruit

trees are in bloom and prospects are

for a good crop. Many trees are be-

ing planted every year, and most ev-

ery farmer sprays. No winter dam-

age to fruit trees is reported. Choice

timothy hay 700 per cwt; meadow hay

45c per cwt; eggs 200; butter 30c;

potatoes $1; corn 820; oats 520; milk

at creamery $1.25; in city 40 per qt.

Pigs are scarce and high.





Ohio.



Carroll Co.—-We have had a few

light frosts, but the fruit has not been

injured. The recent showers have

started things growing nicely. Farm-

ers have a lot of plowing to do yet;

on account of the wet weather farm-

ers are behind with plowing, and very

little corn has been planted. There

are. not many sheep to shear this

spring. .



Columbiana Co.—As the weather

has been wet, some farmers have not

finished sowing oats, and some have

their corn ground plowed, but it is

still too cool to plant. There is going

to be a good acreage of potatoes

planted. Wheat is making a splendid

growth. Pasture is good, and many

farmers have turned their stock out.

There is a fine prospect for fruit this

year, but not much of the spraying

has been done. Several are setting

out new orchards. Sheep are about

all sheared, and wool prices run from

18@22c; eggs 18c; butter 24c; chick-

$375180; wheat 980; com 720; hogs



Crawford Go.——We are having a late

spring. Wheat, meadows and pas-

tures are in good condition. The us-

ual acreage of spring crops will be

put in. Corn planting will begin as

soon as the ground is prepared. Some

fruit trees are in blossom, and the

buds are not damaged by the frosts

we bad. Some spraying is being done.

A large amount of wool will soon be

ready for market, and buyers are now

offering 20c. The pig and lamb crop

is large, with few losses. Eggs 17c;

butter 22c; butter-fat 241/2c; hogs $8:

calves 8c; wheat 90c; corn 60c; oats

36c; hay $12.



Hancock Co.——Wheat and rye will

make a good crop. Pastures and

meadows are a little short yet, but

will make a heavy growth if warm

weather continues. There are more

spring pigs, and probably fewer lambs

than usual. Wool is selling at 21c.

On account of the wet weather fewer

oats than usual were sown, and a

larger acreage of corn will be plant-

ed. Fruit prospects are good. About

one-half the farmers have sprayed

their trees. Many water—bound pikes

will be built this summer. Eggs 18c;

cream 24c; butter 200; hogs $8.35;

cattle $7@8; wheat 920; corn 600;

oats 42c; hay $8@10.



Holmes Co.——-The weather is warm,

with plenty of rain. Pastures are

good, and many farmers are turning

out their stock. Wheat prospects are

fine. There is not much alfalfa rais~

ed here. The average acreage of cats

and corn will be planted. Some corn

has been planted. The pig crop is

fair. and the lamb crop very good.

Wheat 93c; oats 43c; corn 750; hay

$12. Some spraying has been done.



llinois.



Marion Co.—The pig and lamb crops

are up to the average. The wool crop

is short, and the price offered is about

200. The usual acreage of spring

grains is being put in, though the sea-

son is late. Wheat, rye, meadows and

pastures are good. The fruit crop will

be somewhat below the average; 75

per cent of the orchards are being





sprayed. Very few new orchards are





being set. Eggs 16c: butter 220; hogs

8c; corn 80c; oats 520;



Perry Co.—The pig and lamb crops

are short. There is about an aver—

age crop of wool and the price is 20c

per pound. On account of the wet

weather, there will be less than the

average acreage of spring grains.

Wheat, rye, meadows and pastures are

fine. Fruit prospects are good. There

is not much spraying done.

business here is on the decline, on

account of serious damage from the

scale. Eggs 18c: butter 17c; corn

80¢; oats 50c; wheat 86c: hogs $8.



(Continued on page 558).





The fruit ,





 





   

 





Warehouses :

Milwaukee, Wis. -





 

 





l.

2. St. Paul, Mini.

3. Omaha, Neb.

4. Kansas. City. Mo. ' ~ ...... .

5. Davenport. Iowa.

6. Albany, N. Y.



7. Buffalo. N. Y.



8. Harrisburg. Penn. '

9. Grand Rapids. Mich. '

10. Columbus, Ohio.

\ » 11. Evansville, Ind.





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





EconomyGasoline Engines

Shipped From aWarehouse Near You





Now you can have an Economy



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have arranged to

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any size Economy .



Engine not only at





     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





k the lowest {nice

on recartlil. but

V you wi a so

.‘(J receive it in ,

the quickest .



time and at _

the smallest cast for frag/2t.





 





PRICES '





From Any Warehouoc





llom Will With

Power Battery mu





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4 72-95 32-90 Every Economy Gasoline Engine is guaranteed to give satis





6 102.95 112.90

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develop its full rated horse power, to be Simple, economical,





EvansvflleOnly)$l49.65 substantial and durable. We do not offer it on 30 or 60 days’

1041.". Power (5“... trial, but let you have it 'for as long as you please, for

Evansville Only)5219.50





 





Any Kind of a Trial You Want to Make





Try our Economy Gasoline Engine on your own work for a month or two months, or

a year or more. If you are not perfectly satisfied with it. we will take it back and return

your money and freight charges. For complete description of Economy Engines, turn. to

the engine pages of our large General Catalog or write (or our “Special Gasoline Engine

Catalog No. 7531M. ” Address





Sears, Roebuck and Co. -





 





Chicago, Illinois,





 





 





 





 





This FREE Book wni

Save You Money





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





PURE PAINT





90¢ a Gallon and Up





Paints for all purposes. Made from finest

ingredients obtainable. Marked at prices

that show you a tremendous saving.

Backed by strongest, most liberal paint

guarantee ever given by a firm that

makes its guarantees good. Guaran-

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buildings. Beautifully illustrated new Paint

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wagon and floor paints in actual colors. Lists

stains, enamels, kalsominos, oils, varnish

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ormation for paint buyers. Send for it. It’s

free. Cut your painting costs. Secure posi-

tive paint protection.





WALL PAPERS

5c and up Per Double Roll





The most attractive designs and colors you can im 'ne. Different. More desirable. The best

products of some of the world's best mills. Offer in our 1914 sample book at prices V. and K

lower than are usually asked for papers of equal quality.



Send for this big Free Sample Book. See the actual samples. Save )6 to X. on yourpa

bill,or paper 3 rooms at the cost of 2. to how to make suitable selections. Howpg

measure rooms, to make the best paste. to do your own paper-lug easily and quickly.

The Free Book explains all. Send now.





Groceries One~Third Less





Always at from one-fifth to one-third less when ordered from our cost cutting list. Ofien

at even a greater savm . Many rare bargains in this home grocery boo . 33%c saved on

every l—more than on every $10. Think what this means on articles you must

buy—sugar, teas, coffees, canned goods. everythi used on our table. Means more than

mere money saying. You secure absolutely pure, who esome f 5. Send for the latest Grocery

list. Compare prices With those you have been accustomed to paying. Place a trial order.

Do this at our risk. Every cent of your money refunded if not thoroughly satisfied. So

send now for catalogue. Save 56 on livmg expenses,





. . l

SpeCIal Money Savmg Catalogues /'

Guide. to safe, economical and satisf ct bu ' . Com 1 tel d 'bmg' ' ting

$1;ch lines of mgrghandise of guarantecgryexcell‘enifce. he: <3“ny rgggelst. and illustrn ," 00-11

all Paper Samp 00k gasoline Ergme Biggie:- and Sprayer's Solu- ,' Kindl send





I

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.ifiliablBeFfincmz B. 1 EB ‘ s l M ' me FRE Cal:

my 00 icyc e an icye e u p ies ade-to-Order Clothing ’ ‘

Baby Book includi Motorcycle lies Plumb‘ Book ’ hal‘fnmm’ “m“

vaeinfed Roofing Heatingngook “pp Tornbsldlgies 1" '



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And a special department evotod exclusively to



of high grade Ford Parts and Accessories. ,’



BUILDING PLANS and BUILDING MATERIALS—Thou '



splendid free .volumeo nobonly show how to reduce building can, but I

. howbo build better buildings. Send for "I buy it



build. State name of catalogue desired





MONTGOMERY WARD & co.

New York. Chicago. Kan-u City. Fort Worth. Portland.

Send to the city nearest to you. address Dept. 00. ll





Automobile Supply Catalo ue. Everything for the auto owner. ,’

the handling I





\

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Please mention the Michigan Farmer when you





' are writing to advertisers and you will do us a favor.
THE_' MICHIGAN FAR‘MER





MAY 23. 1914.





 





c...- a...

fififirmmm





 





The General

says:-

The dealer who offers you

Certain-teed Roofing is the kind

of dealer you can depend on for

whatever you need in his line.

He isn’t fooled by plausible roof-

ing “tests” any more than you

are. This label on





Certain-steed

ROOFING





means 15 years guaranteed service-

and the responsibility of the world‘s

largest manufacturers is behind it-to

protect both you and the dealer.





Your dealer can furnish Certain-teed

Roofing in rolls and shingles—made b



the General Roofing Mfg. Co. worlds

largest roofin manufacturers East St.

Louis, 111.. arseilles, 111.. ork. Pa,





   





   

   

   

   





 





 





   

   

   

   

       

 





 





 





make the





FISH BRAND





WHY GET WET?





 

 

 

 





 





your "ounce of pre-

_ venhon. It Will

keep you dry and





   

 

 





 





/ ' , comfortable no mat-



. / I ; ler how long the

l/ I ‘ hours of exposure.



, » ‘ "The Reflex Slicker isthe service

' ..: \‘ coal for you if you want solid





. worth and no! frills for your

money.





$3.00 Everywhere





' PROTECTOR HAT 75 c...





(waterproof)





it That's a very amal I sum lo ay

. for so much all 'round co on.





Sen df fr ’ Catal- glllsfacfior‘rl "OWERS



°' ee 01! uarantcc



A. J. TOWER co. Boston 3*;

new





Tower Canadian Limited, Toronto





Delivered 45% FREE





on Approval and 30 days'l‘rial





15' .- '





 

 





 





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SEND "o MOHEY but writ. today for our big



1914 catalog of Rancorf'



Bicycle , Tires and Sundries at grlces so low they wall



astonis you. Also particulars 0 our great new offer



to deliver you a Ranger Bicycle on one month'e fro.

trlal without a cent expense to you. .



you can make money taking orders for brczcles,



tires lamps, sundrieshetc. from .our_brg and;



some catalog. It's free. It contains "combination offers’



for rte-fitting your old bicycle like_new at ver low cost.



so much useful bicycle information. Send or It.





A!

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...__.._..._..___—. such values and such

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withoutfirst learning what we can ofl‘er you. rlto now.





MEAD CYCLE 00., Dept. 8-77, CHICAGO, ILL





.:-\\\\\\\\\m////'//





 

 

 

 

 





 





wrsri-iRN MANNW





The opportunity of securing free home.

"Loads of 160 acres each. and the low

priced lands of Manitoba, Saskatchewan

and Alberta, will soon have passed.



Canada offers a hearty welcome to the Settler.

to the man with a family looking for a home;

to the farmers son. to the renter. to all who

wish to live under better conditions.



Cdnada’s grain field In 1913 is the

talk of the world. uxuriant Grasses give

cheap fodder for large herds: cost of raising Z

and fattening for market is a trifle.



The sum realized for Beef. Butter. Milk and ’

Cheese will pay fifty per cent on the

Investment.



Write for literature and particulars as

reduced railway rates to .

Superintendent of Immigration.



Ottawa. Canada. or to

Canadian Government Agent.





 





 

 





"a! 'll "Mme.

C "'0'

mm, was.





 





, AUBIION! .AUGTIOII l I IUBTION I ll





‘ rses d les every Monday. Private sale

: 9:111:70 Front: twlgtfao five hundred head always on hand,

‘ farm mares and (grunge. deliver 31;: “gages!“ amok.

ones. an .

fi:‘:2§:%‘i’.52£§ Iiim’i. South or. PAUL noasn AND

MULE 00.. Union Stock Yards. South St. Paul. Minn





 





 





 





Ell"llllllIllllllIlllllIlllllll||lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllIIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllfl

E Grange. g

ElllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|||ll|l|ll|l|||l|i’l_J]—_





INTERESTING PROGRAM AT CLIN-

TON COUNTY POMONA.





 





Members of Clinton County Pomo-

na Grange, and visitors, were the

guests of Wacousta Grange, Wednes-

day, May 6, and were accorded a.

hearty welcome by the Master John

Espie, who gave a splendid address

at the opening of the meeting.



VVacousta is a comparatively new

Grange, having been organized in

March, 1912, by M. T. Middleton, of

Flint. Mr. Middleton evidently, in his

work of organizing and installing new

Granges, believes in starting with a.

“large quantity of charter members

of good quality.” In this particular

Grange this precept was exemplified

and seldom do we find such a sub-

stantial class of farmers and their

families as formed the nucleus of

Wacousta Grange. The local pro-

grams that appear in the weekly pa-

per is ample testimony of the leader-

ship that has' been developed.



The entertainment of readings and

music was furnished by members of

the home Grange and was a credit to

their talent and ability.



E. A. Winegar,“of Wacousta Grange,

gave a very practical talk on the care

of the dairy cow, and amphasized the

fact that cleanliness is the most im-

portant factor in caring for milk and

cream. . .



Oscar Clark discussed the future of

fruit growing and believed that there

are great possibilities in fruit growing

for the man who makes a study of

the subject and cares for his orchard

properly.



“What is our progress in govern-

ment reforms?” was the next ques-

tion for discussion and was ably hand-

led by G. F. Ottmar, who said: “We

have quite a number of radical re-

forms. Some are not an improve-

ment but a change. One reform that

is of great benefit to the farmer, is

the parcel post, While it is true that

the express companies have cut rates,

yet they do not bring parcels to our

door, nor take them away, as does

the parcel post. Since the reduction

of rate and increase of weight has

taken effect it is not only a great im-

provement, but a great convenience

to the farmer as well as to others. Di-

rect nomination of United States

Senators is also a great improvement

over the old system. As for the bank

reserve, time will serve to ShOW

whether it is an improvement or oth-

erwise.



The brother to whom was assigned

the topic, “Father’s Example in Citi-

zenship,’ not being prepared, E. A.

Holden, of Capitol Grange, and com»

missioner of Schools T. H. Townsend,

of Clinton county, were asked to make

some remarks along this line. Mr.

Holden said that more and more we

are learning that the prime object of

education is to make better citizen-

ship. The churches, the schools, the

Sunday schools, the Y. M. C. A. are

teaching people to be better citizens,

are training them for a life of useful-

ness. Today we are measuring men

and women, not by their wealth but

by what they are doing to raise the

standard. The father’s acts and words

have a vast influence on the citizen-

ship of the future. The father’s in-

fluence in the home goes forth‘and

extends to the community, the state

and the nation. A father’s good name

is a better legacy to his children than

a bequest of gold or silver. Our lives

are rendered more valuable, as we are

able to uplift and build up the lives

of others. Our farms are far more

valuable if the boys and girls of the

community are educated, refined and

industrious. The most valuable asset

of the community, state and nation is'

good citizenship.





Mr. Townsend expressed great





 





pleasure in, having the» opportunity of

visiting a~ Grange meeting in his old

home town, and urged co-operation

between the _Grange, the Farmers’

Clubs and kindred organiZations, they

should go hand in hand, side by side,

all working with the same high and

worthy motives. It is good to be here

and catch the spirit of the day and

carry it back with us. He paid a high

tribute to “Mothers’ Day,” and the

splendid proclamation of Governor

Ferris. The language used, and the

thoughts expressed. The man is not

a good 'man, not a good citizen, we

might say, who is not willing to sac-

rifice some personal pleasures to

please the home—to build up the

home. Fear was expressed that there

is a gradual drifting away from ex-

ample set by fathers and mothers in

the pioneer homes; where the family

were wont to gather by the fireside.

There was then an hour set apart,

sacred to the family, when the few

books and papers were read and dis-

cussed. They often gathered around

the old organ and sang the old famil-

iar songs, and in other ways shared

life’s pleasures together, not each one

going separate ways, seeking for

pleasure and entertainment. The civ-

ilization of that day was of the na-

ture that cements home ties, or, in

other words, we had a cementing civ-

ilization. Today we are participating

too much in a diverting civilization.

Mr. Townsend concluded by giving

“A Message to Garcia,” which well il-

lustrates that good citizenship means

being equal to the occasion.



Mr. May next gave a few remarks

concerning “Community Life.” Moth-

er’s Day was then appropriately ob-

served, followed by luncheon, served

by sisters of Wacousta Grange.



Ingham Co. MRS. E. J. CREYTS.





El|lllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllfil





- Farme'rs’ Clubs





llllllllllllilllllllllllllllll





LEM“llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfil





YEARLY PROGRAMS.





 





Ingham County Farmers’ Club.





The annual program of the Ingham

County Farmers’ Club for 1914 is a

neatly bound booklet, the cover page

of which bears simply the name of

‘the Club and the year for which the

program serves. At the head of the

title page appears two dates, one in

each upper corner, which express vol-

umes in the matter of Club experi-

once. The first of these is 1872, the

date of organization of this pioneer

among Michigan Farmers’ Clubs. The

other is the year for which the pro-

gram serves. At the bottom of the

title page is the announcement that

the regular meetings of the Club oc-

cur on the second Saturday of each

month. The next page is devoted to

a list of the officers and directors of

the Club, While the page following

gives a list of the standing commit-

tees of the Club which, besides the

usual committees on program, loca-

tion of meetings and music, includes

a floral committee, a memorial com-

mittee, a corn club committee and a

committee on domestic science. The

balance of the booklet is devoted to

the presentation of the monthly pro-

grams for the year, one to each page.

At the head of each of these appears

the date, including the day of the

month on which the meeting will oc-

cur, the name of the host and hostess

who will entertain, and the farm name

of the place of meeting. in most in-

stances. Next follows a quotation ap-

propriate to the season or the occa-

sion. Then comes the program prop-

er, in which the subjects for discus‘

sion and the titles of addresses or pa-

pers are given. The musical numbers

are arranged by a special committee

of one for each meeting, whose name

is given on the program for the

month. An announcement of the per—

sonnel of the table committee for the

month completes the printed pro-





.





gram. Special features include a

Temperance meeting in March, Dairy

meeting in May, Young People’s Day

in September, Women’s Day, in No-

vember, and a meeting devoted to the

Boys’ and Girls Agricultural Clubs, in

November, which meeting is held at

the COurt House at the county seat.

Meetings are held every month in the

year with the exception of July. The

Boy and Girl Club work was inaugu-

rated by this Club last year with such

success that it was made a feature of

Associational work this year through

the influence of the Ingham County

Club. On the last page of the pro-

gram appears the motto of the Club,

“Growth is better than permanence,

and permanent growth is better than

all.” The spirit expressed in this

motto no doubt explains 'the note-

worthy growth and permanence of

this pioneer among Michigan Farm—

ers’ Clubs during the 42 years which

have elapsed since its inception.





 





FARMERS’ CLUBS IN MINNESOTA.





 





While Michigan is the pioneer state

in the Farmers’ Club movement, Min-

nesota has recently outstripped her in

the work of organizing active Clubs.

The reason for this is the fact that

the organization of Farmers’ Clubs in

Minnesota has been fostered by the

agricultural extension division of the

University of St. Paul, while the de-

velopment of the Michigan Farmers’

Club movement was entirely spontan-

eous and due to the initiative of the

Club workers themselves. Some sta-

tistics recently compiled show that

on February 1, 1914, there were 625

active Clubs in the state of Minne-

sota. Most of these Clubs meet once

each month, having similar meetings

with a similar program to those usu-

ally held by local Farmers’ Clubs in

Michigan. A review of published re-

ports of many of these meetings

shows, however, that the members

are making their work broad from the

standpoint of education as well as en-

tertainment. During the winter sea-

son, Considerable attention was de-

voted to co-operative work, and egg

selling associations and other similar

organizations were built up from the

Club memberships, while in some

Clubs cooperative buying was made a

factor of the work. With the coming

of spring, bird study clubs have been

organized in several localities, while

as entertainment features, the 01d

spelling contest was reinstated in

many Minnesota communities through

the medium of the Farmers’ Club.



We shall be glad from time to time

to publish little features of interest

relating to Farmers’ Club work in Min-

nesota, as these may be helpful by

way of suggestion to Michigan Club

workers.





 





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





New Club will Hold Corn Contest.—

The May meeting of the East Nankin

Farmers’ Club was held at the home

of Mr. and Mrs. Christian Jorgensen

Tuesday evening, May 5. Mrs. O. N

Webb, of Grosse He, gave an inter-

esting talk on the Farmers’ Club

proposition. She advised holding of

monthly meetings, holding no meet-

lngs through the summer, but having

a Fourth of July celebration and a

Club picnic. She considers the ques-

tion box a great help in promoting‘in-

terest and helping the farmers buy

and sell their produce, etc. After the

talk by Mrs. Webb, an interesting dis-

cussion was held on her subject, and

she gave many valuable pointers. The

Club voted to hold a corn contest this

summer, taking into consideration the

best ten ears selected from a measur-

ed acre, the total yield on one acre,

and the cost of production. The Club

voted to join the State Association of

Farmers’ Clubs. After adjournment

a bountiful supper was served, which

was enjoyed by all. Cyrus Lathers,

Secretary.



Discuss Farm Topica.—Fifty mem-

bers of the Hadley and Elba Farm-

ers’ Club met in April with Mr. and

Mrs. Harvey Phelps and had a very

pleasant time. Bert Bullock and Mr.

Hutchings gave a fine paper on po-

tatoes and alfalfa raising. Reading

by Jennie Phelps, music by Harland





 





I

a





Phelps—Flora Pierson, Cor. Sec.





 





 





 





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’mv2a1914.. ' THE MICHIGAN FARMER 19-563

WWW lloldlin lull (Call 0 l c—gpucobm:ou.....u.l...m. n...

‘2 ° ' ' ’ .Efim’lt’i%“fi.£fi$fil£'fiféfz





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Bronchial Asthma—For the past six

months one of my oxen has breathed

heavily, and I am at a loss to know

what to do for him. He slavers some

and breathes with dimculty;_ he was

troubled with lice and I applied z_eno

learn a few times, which has lulled

most of the lice. J. E. A., Rosscom-

mon, Mich—Give 1 dr. fluid extract

lobelia, 30 drops fluid extract stra-

monium, oz. Fowler’s solution at

a dose three times a day.



Blood Poison.——I have a sow that

hadchills and fever which lasted for

four or five days; three days later she

aborted; now her hind legs are swol-

len and she walks lame. I gaveher

epsom salts, but no other medicme;

now I would like to know how to _re-

move swelling and soreness from hind

leg. C. Y., Fort Wayne, lnd.—:-G1ve

your sow 30 grs. of hypo-s-ulphite of

soda and 10 drops of Donovan’s solu-

tion at a‘ dose three times a day.





Rheumatism.—-I would like to know -





What can be done for my lame chick-

ens. The first symptoms they show

is lameness, then they droop for a

few weeks or a month or two, then

die. Some of our roosters’ combs

turn black. We keep White Leghorns‘

and the hens refuse to set. S. S., Sil-





verwood, Mich—It is perhaps need;

less for me to say that their coop;





should be thoroughly cleaned, white-





washed. and if damp and drafty, some ‘

changes should be made to remove ,





these causes. Give each chicken a

$4 gr. sodium salicylate, 175 gr. pow-

dered nitrate of potash and 5 grs. of

ground gentian at a dose two or

three times a day. Also dissolve 1

dr. powdered sulphate iron in each

gallon of their drinking water. Change

their feed and let them run on grass

in sunlight. .,



Wart on Eyelid—My cow had a

wart on under eyelid, which dropped

off, leaving a raw sore which has a

bad odor. S. R., Trilby, Mich—Apply

peroxide of hydrogen twice a day, 10

minutes later apply powdered alum

or salicylic acid.



Mange—I have a calf that has skin

disease which seems to start on head

and extend to different parts of the

body. Several months ago some” of

my calves were troubled with it and

it continued to bother them until they

died. J. M., Algonac, Mich—Apply

one part sulphur, one-half part car-

bonate of potash, and five parts of

vaseline to sore parts of skin every

day or two.



Rheumatism.——My sows have been

kept in a small pen for the past two





. months and now they seem to be stiff





and weak in legs. J. J., Croswell,

Micb.-—-—They should be kept in a dry

comfortable place nights, allowed to

run on grass during the day, and give

each of them 10 grs. or more of sodi-

um salicylate three times a day. Avoid

feeding them too much com.





ing horse some time ago and soon





found out why I got him; when down .





has trouble in getting up. He is a

good traveler and a good worker. P.

A. R... Dearborn. Mich—Give him 1

dr. ground nux vomica and 2 drs. of

potassium iodide at a dose in feed

three times a day.

odeen and don’t overfeed him when

1 e.



Worms—I have a horse that is thin

in flesh and occasionally passes a

worm; therefore, I think worms may

be keeping him thin. R. M., Mar-

lette, Mich—Give your horse 6 drs.

of aloes, 2 drs. santonine, 30 grains of

calomel, 2 drs. of ground ginger at

one dose once a week; also give 1 dr.

fluid extract nux vomica, 175 oz. fluid

extract gentian and a dessertspconful

of salt at a dose in feed twice a day.





Barren Mama—I have a pair of

mares seven and eight years old; both

raised colts when five years old and

I have been unable to get them with

foal since. They appear to be in heat

most of the time. W. C. (in. Chilean,

Mich—You had better have them ex-

amined by a Vet. or an experienced

horseman who keeps stallions. Drugs

glven to such mares have little or no

effect and I am inclined to believe-

they are perhaps barren. You might

try injecting them with a soda solu—

tion or the yeast treatment which I

have repeatedy prescribed in this de~

partment. '



Roarer.—When our flve—year-old

horse gets excited or is over-exerted

he breathes like a broken—winded"

horse and the glands of threat are

swollen. J. F., Marion, Mich—Apply

one part tincture of iodine and three

parts camphorated oil to throat once

a day. ,Gice 1.4, dr. fluid extract nux

vomica, 1)Q'dr. fluid extract lobelia and

17g of stramomum leaves at a. dose

in feed three times a day. '





 





Lice or Hogs?





Neglect of pens, runs and troughs

ma es hog lice—«and disease—a

probability.



The feeder who thinks unwholesome con-

diions harmless is. therefore. throwing away

good money. _The one sure road to DI‘Ollt

In hog raising IS by way of cleanliness and

sanitation through use of





I

Dr. Hess On: and

Disinfectant

It destroys lice. the cholera germ. in fact, all

germs of infectious diseases. when sprinkled

about the premises. Powerful. harmless.

easily applied. Make a solution. one llon

of dip to 70 or l00 gallons of water. pray

with this thoroughly. Prepare a plank-snded

wallow 'and let the hogs roll m the (in) solu-

tion. This treatment will end hoe and. In





addition. render hogsjmmune to cholera

and other infectious diseases.





Dr. Hess Dip meets the Government re-





 





 





 





Keep his bowels ,





 





mirementfcr sbee scab. Best thmg known

lo: sheep ticks an for spraying horses and

cattle. Also a valuable agent for disinfecting

sewers. sinks. drains and outbuildings.





Write for a free dip booklet.

IRJIESS 8 WMMJMO





“I ‘1.





   





 





 





DEADLY SCOURS





Sclentlflc. Tented. Sale and SURE CURE



FOR 75 CENTS ‘



we will send prepaid bottle to last a your. Money

refunded if it fails.



BOUGEMONT FARM REMEDIES. Detroit. Mich.





8“. your money.

WHOLESALE FEED A“ for price list.

Everythingin road.





THE BARTLETT 00.. 100 Mill St. Jackson. Mlcb.





' BREEDERS‘ unscrew.

CATTLE.





Aberdeen Angus Oallle





We have just received a wire to ship all our on lab

young bulls of serviceable age to innesota. ith

grade Angus: yearlingsélselling at $125.00 to $150.00.

these youngzbu ls. closely relatedto five International

Grand Champion. should be worth $200 to Michigan

farmers with a dozen or more grade cows. Wire.

’phono or write at one for reservation.





GEO. B. SMITH

Addison and Somerset, Mich.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS





HERD FOUNDED IN 1900.

Strains represented consist of Trojan Ericas. Black-

‘ rides. only. Black Quality Ito. a bull of

rare individuality and merit. heads the herd.

OODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionla. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





_ Weak Back,—I bought a g look— m “LE—2 Re . Guernsey bulls2nnd4 years old





2 bul calves best. breeding, Pedigree of!

a ll show. Berkshire swine either sex.

:65. EBELS. n. R. 10. Honand Michigan.





-UERNSEY BULL CALF nicely marked. 3 weeks

.1 old great grandson of Gov. Cbene. 550 takes him.

AVONbALE STOCK FARM. Wayne. Michigan.





 





 





' HEREFORD BULLS ih‘fii’lflfil‘l





All.“ 3308-. Paw Paw, Mlchf‘nn.





IOLSTEIN BULLS AT FARMERS PRICES





Sired by one of the best bulls of America.

LONG BEACH FARM. Augusta. Eal‘amuoo Co..Mich.





OPPORTUNITY!





Holstein Bull can





Brod

born Docs-13mm : dam to! of SlrJohanu Friend

Clotbllide. 2’ A. R. 0. (linen. Prict. 310. Bul

. -13 rum» 5 daughter of Delol‘hnd

Paul, DeKcl No. 2. 314 A. a. 0. daughters. Price. can.

«.1me





 





HOWARD "AIS. Elu Clalro. m.





OLSTEIN FRIESIAN CATTLE BREEDERS of

high record cows. Young bulls at more prices.

JONES & LUTZ. Oak Grove. Mlchltan.‘





BS-PANORE FARM,





LANSING. MICH.





Begisler’dllolsleins





Bull Cakes 350 to $200.

03119;!)ng guarantee with each purchase.

‘. canons: L. M. HATCH.

anus n. mounds. fo'm' cape.





g 2 25 We. rgglctcred heifer 8 no. old and reg.





. all 7 mo. ol both 3‘ white. not

not akin. B. B. BEAV'EY. Akron. Michigan.





' .6. W {bull calves. choice A.

‘w I. 0; breeding. mo and. up.

COLE m M’ANY. Ypsilanti. Michigan.





Haste? m'm mmfldd.

W'OW'AY m. ml'. fig“?

”W's—airman Grmficlmln mun





MM

lam. lull Price for

the bunch QM 1.0. B. J. 0. cm. Colin-vow. Hm





 





 





 





 

   





for file. My 5 lb. Butter bull; out of fund A R. O.

dam. Seven-sights white. , Splcnd d individual.

ROUGE MONT FARMS. Detroit. Michigan.





BIGELOW’S HOLSTEIN FARMS





Breedsvflle, Michigan.

Breeder of high class





Registered Holsteins.

‘A. ll. 0. llOlS'l‘ElN COWS FOR SALE.





6 very fine A. B. O. cows. bred to Johanna Concordia

Champion. and Duke Ormsby Pietertje DeKol. Price

$1850. Borvicebul‘ls and bull calves. Kindly write

me int what. you want



L. I. CONNELL Fayette. Ohio.





MICHIGAN HOME lllll TBlllllllO SCHOOL





LAPEER. MICHIGAN.

Breeder of High Grade Holstein Cattle. Lists and

prices upon application.





A rm crown gratesmifmsnsi 8.23:2?

GREGORY & BORDEN. Howell. Michigan.





Registered Holslein Bull—21$.Lbsdlfitltfif'm’ldii'l‘é





butter records that avenge 2.5le. in 7 do. 9. 2 years old.

Write for pedigree. Hobart. W. Fay. Iason. Mich.





Holstein Friosian cattle §§§36§fitl°§§y9dlzllnfv§3§$3





for dam and sire’s dam O. at 4 yrs. butter 7 days

28.37 lbs. No stock for sale. W. B. leader. Howell, Mich.





“Top-Notch” Holsteins.





Choice bull calves from 1 to 7 mo. old. of fashion-

able breeding and from dams with official milk

and butter records for sale at reasonable prices.





McPHEISON FARMS 00.. Howell. Mlohlgon.

Purebred Registered





HOLSTEI N C A TT L E



The Greatest Dairy Breed

Sand for FREE Illustrated Booklets

flolatein-Friesian. Auo..Box I64. Brattloboro.Vt.

JERSEYS—Bull calves nearly ready for service.

Slred by Jacoba's Fairy Emanon 107111.



SMITH & PARKER. Howell. Michigan.

I! you are write us today and we

In need of ’EHSEY BULLS will quote you prices

on som'e grandsons of Hood Farm Pogis 9th. that will

surprise you. Flsherton Farm. Pontiac. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





MAPLE Lane Register of Merit Jersey Harm—Tu-

berculin tested by U.8. Government. Bull calves

from cows in R. M. Best. Heifer calves whose dams,

grand-dams. and great grand-dams are in the Register

of Merit. Ill IN FOX. Allegan. Michigan.





The Jersey





The sire is of vital importance.



Buy a thoroughbred jerse



bull and grade up. Wor

towards the 400-pounds-

oi-butter cow. it costs no

*4. more to produce 400 lbs. of

butter With a good cow than

" 200 lbs. with a poor one.

Let us send you some Jersey facts.

I I AMEIlCAN JERSEY CATTLE CLUB



324 w. 23d so. New York



Llllio Farmstead Jerseys

(Tube-culls tuned. Guaranteed free from Tuber.

culosll.) Several good bulls and bull calves out of

[cod dairy cow col 0 .Pemales for sale at





e.

Satisfaction Iran .

0 C. LIIJ' a Coooeflvfllc. Mich.





‘ JEBS Y

BUTTER BRED Folly 8.131%”





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Sliver Creek. Alloys“: County. Michigan.





 





   





 





 





 





Yearling and two-year-old. Eli ibl



10“., all“: tore later. Splendid breeding. Prlcg

right. Address LE 18 RI EY. Metamora, Mich-

JERSEYs—Bull calves bred for produc.

tion. Also cows and heifers.



Breakwater Farm. ELF. D. No.7. Ann Arbor. Mich.





'FOll SHE—14 Pulled Owlmn & Shorlhorn Bull:





from 4 to 24 months old. 0. CARLSON. LeBoy. Mich.





 





 





 





Shorthcrn Bulls For Sale—One roan 3-yr-old weigh-

ing ston. Price Also 3 calves 6 mo. old. from

good milking cows. M. A. BRAY. Okemos. Mich.





"All" “Ell SHOHTHOHNS $.33: £223.:"filflt

.11 cold. J. B. HUMMEL. Mason. Michigan.





SHORTHORN CATTLE





W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.





 





 





 





SHEEP.





 





 





I pay “was.





 





‘X'I'HlS





" 0.1.e.





SOWVIEIGI‘IED 9.32 LBS.

23 MONTHS OLD





E

IONIA GIRL ,





I have started more breeders on the road. to out»

008! than any man living. I have thelargest and flu-

est hard in the U. 8. Every one an early developer.

ready for the market at six months old. I want to

filace one hog in each community to advertise my



crd. Write for my plan.“Eow to Make Money from

Hogs." c. s. a:uuum.muo.|o Portland. men.





 





 





o I C! All sold. Would be leased to book

I l 5 your order for s rng igs.

C. J. THOMPSON. Rockfor . Mic lgan.





O I C —Three September Boar's. four

I 0 0 September Gllts. Am also taking

orders for 3 ring igs. they are extra good ones.

NEWMAN’S TOC FARM. R. No. LMarlette. Mich.





0 I C —Boa.rs six months old. spring plgl.

o 0 0 gilts. Satisfaction guaranteed.

A. R. GRAHAM. FLINT. MICHIGAN.





-—May I have the New

0- I. C- SWine ure of receiving your

order for a pair or trio, not skin. of pri

and May furrow, They are bred right. Satisfaction

guaranteed. A. J. GOBDEN. R. No. 2. Dorr. Mich.





UROC JERSEYS—Fall gilts of the large, heavy

boned type. bred for Aug.) and Se 17. furrow. Also

spring pigs. not akin. F. J. rodt. R. . Monroe. Mich.





DUROC —A good growthy fall pig lmmuned



an bred for August arrow will



make you money. lvo me your order now for



Magshiggment. Also fall boars ready for service.

OP KON FARM. Kinderhook. Michigan.





OR SALE DUROC JERSEYS—College Boy 138567

furrowed Sept. '7. 1911. Spring pigs after June

1, 2914. J. B. BANGHAR’ . Lansing. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Fancy bred Duroc Jerseys—Boers a Gilts of spring A

summer furrow. Good individuals at reasonable

prices. John McN icoll. Station A. R 4. Bay City. Mich.





KOlll-El STOOK FlllM 29233.2; it‘l’i". 13.12233. .

prices. E. R. CORNELL. Howell. Michigan.

._ ' f

DUROC JERSEYS bétfieg'éxiillro'l'ilfé.

CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings. Michigan.

”UR“ JERSEYS—Spring bgigs either sgx at

8 1'1 8. .

BTAHLM AN.Cherry Lawn'r'fixag. s .3171... M icb;

Dunc-Jerseys*El’lg'..l’.°d§l "§'§.."’lif"l.§3;

Breakwater Farm. 11.1”. . No. 7. Ann Arbor.Mlch.





FSSEX PIGS—From Michigan's oldest herd. Got



.1 your order in for somethinfigood. You know the

kind that comes from the Flint iver Farm. You have

heard of us before. E. P. OLIVER. Flint. Mich.





L‘n‘E "PE P c —Largest in Mich. Fall pigs all



' . sold. order a spring i sired

by the la: Ill boar in the U. 8.. weight 908 lbs” 24

months 01 . Come and see. Expenses paid if not as

represented. W. E. LIVINGSTON. Par-ma. Mich.





POLAND cums—last. listen?“ Hm





. all 3

Prices right. W. J. HAGELBHAW. Augusta. MEI:





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





MY OH MY!

What an Opportunity.





Starting May lst. we are going to give to the farm-

ers and breeders an opportunity to get started right

in the breeding industry. We are going to lve you

a chance to get hold or foundation stock t at will

give you a nucleus for one of the finest and best



erds in your community. We are in to show you

as we have others. that you will) have greater

success With our big type





POLAND CHINAS





than with any- otber breed. We want to place at

least one pig. or a pan- in every community. to adver-

tise our herd. We will give agency. if not already

taken. If Interested. write for our plan and prices.



HILLCREST FARM. KALAMAZOO. MICH.





Poland China Boar; Sow: Indlll of “It Big Type.





A. A. WOOD & SON. Saline. Michigan.





 





 





P c—Fall boars and gilts. Spring igs, Shorthorn

- - females, Oxford b‘heep. C. “P ORUM, Secy..

Cent. Mich. Shorthorn Ass'n.. McBrides. Michigan.





 





OLAND CHINA PIGS—From large Prolific stock.

Shot-thorn Bull Calves. Eye 31 per 15 from choice

Ban-ed. Rocks. ROBERT NE E. Pierson. Michigan.





UTLER'S Big Boned Prolific Poland Chlnae. Grow

big. hoe easy. mature early. ready for market at



6 months. by? Because we've bred them that way

for more than 20 years. We have 25 big boned boars

ready for service. Buy one and make more money on

Four bogs. You can'toget any baccarat. any rice.

.0. History l'roe. J. . BUTLER. Portland. lch.





Poland China. Full Pip—Good ones from immune

3“ sown 810 and $16 each. while they last. red sow

Isle Fob. 27th,:oud your name for catalog if you want to



Hi. Typed with Quality. Wm. Waffle. Goldwater. lick.





 





 





 





 





' —Yearli and rum lambs from Clumpion

lock of humb cf‘ Mich. Alsooelect Bekr-

shire owing. Elmhurst Stock Farm. Almont. Mich.





. Hoes.





' ' -A few extra Sept.Bonrs and bunch

Durocslsllclonas .. an... e... 1... o. ...u a"...

M. T. STORY, Lowell, Mich" Citizens Phone 35.





 





 





BEnxsmH—Choloe fall Boots and Gil“ of select

" breeding, nlscnpring pigs. Priced to sell.

WHITE OAK FARM. R. No. 4, Brown City. Mich.





356316 TYPE MULE FOOT HOGkAmerlca'l

Champion Herd. Prolific. hard . Best for Mich.

Also Ponies. J. DUNLAP.Box M.Williamcport. Ohio





Brod sows. bred 11:8 and boar

"Illa F00. pigs, not related. or sale. Socio-

faction guaranteed. G. C. KHEGLOW. Ada. Ohio,





ngfirua-Sprlngnllzgs Ol Excellent Qualify.





UY J. DOTY. Monroe. Michigan.





 





 





 





FOR SALE—~Yorkshire boots ready for service.

Sowo bred for Sept. furrow. Price-

reasonable. C. H. JOBSE. Mt. Clemens. Mich.





 





~Rot. Bred Gills—Order- tnken for

”"3!" m3: print: pin and Collie pups. Holstein

lull- at Bargains. FAY B. PAR‘HAM. Bronson. Mich.





YoRKBHIRE Swi ne~March & Apr. pigs ready to ship.

Pairs not akin. Collage Princess and Cooke Bacon

foundation stock. Geo. B. cMullen. Grand Lodge. Mich.





 





1 a.

mull “llErEhffiggng typo. prolific kn





t of sprln pigs.

. MEADOW VIEW MOCK FARM. Hollandfilichlgan.





V k H" Guaranteed to not die of Cholera. Prolific,

Of 3 8 long deep and well fleshed. Pigs read for

delivery. Not akin. Oribbs Bros” Watcrvliet. hitch.





 





’ ~Sprhl c. not my price before

09 I. c 5 you b'ugt‘elcewhore. CLOVER

LEA! STOCK FARM. B. No. 1. Monroe. Michigan.





0 l C! —I HAVE ‘A NICE LOT OF

. . 8. LAST FALL on“ on

HAND. OTTO I» ’. 6-bit mile

west of Duct. Milk. Item

' -T k d f H i . OneSmo. fine

0- LC. ”331.03%; (’35:. ““3133. We.

N. I. Weber. OnkVicw Fun. Ian! on. Michigan.

-— . b d spri- Ia . so full

want. GI. 00!) ST m.w ids.





o ' MbredbtJqumw. Wow.

I I





 





 





 





 





I also “Humane-win:

Jommosan.e_amfl





YORKSHIRES





The large. long-bodied. prolific kind. Gilts bred for

July. August and September fan-ow. A choice lot of

spring plan. puissant! tniosmot akin. Prices reasonable,





W. CHCOOK. R. 42. Ada. Mlclllgln.





Lillie Farmstead Yorkshire:





an: and silt: [nod for September furrow.

3%.... Marc”? “mmufifi. ”h' ““1 m“ m “‘1"

cows 6. oue. Cooper-ville. Richie-n.





 





’Wben writing advertisers please





 





mention The Michigan Farmer.
564—20





. ..-_~ .. .:

r'mwmmmvmn—V





During 1913 No-Rim-Cut tire prices

dropped 28 per cent. They dropped so

fast, so far, that 16 makers have declined

to follow.



Now comes this situation: .



Sixteen makes of tires are selling higher

than Goodyear prices. Some are nearly

one-half higher. Higher, mark you, than

No-Rim—Cut tires—the tires which once

cost one-fifth more than other standard





tires.

The Reason 15m

Mammoth Production





The difference lies in quantity. In this

new factory with its new equipment we

are building up to 10,000 motor tires per

day. Perhaps twice as many as the larg-

est rival plant.



Factory cost has dropped immensely as

our output multiplied. And every sav-

ing goes to you. Last year our profit

averaged only 6% per cent.



Those are the only rea-

sons why we under-

sell sixteen other

makes.





Extra

Features





 





, ‘ ‘ .





THE MICH'IGAN'FARMER





o

u__—w «mums—nan... mm“...-





. _ o-Rim-Cut Tires

‘ Dropped 28%





and they say that these tires mark the pres-~

ent-day limit in low cost per mile. It is

simply unthinkable that any maker has

learned a better way to build tires.



We give you in addition four great fea-

tures found in no other tire.





We give you the No-Rim-Cut feature,

which we control, and which has ended

rim-cutting completely.



We give you the "On-Air” cure, which

saves the countless blow-outs due to wrin-

kled fabric. This one extra process adds





ito our tire cost $1,500 daily.





We give you a method—controlled by

patent--which lessens by 60 per cent the

risk of loose treads. And we give you the

double-thick All-Weather tread, the one

anti-skid which runs like a plain tread—-

which is flat and smooth and regular.





No-Rim—Cut Popularity





No-Rim-Cut tires, even when high-

priced, came to outsell any other.



And now, after millions



have been put to the



mileage test, we

are selling 55

per cent more

tires than in

any previous year.





 





In fabric and rubber

we give you in Good-

years the best tire men

know how to build.

Our experts have tried

a thousand ways to

lower cost per mile,





Goon





 





AKRON. OHIO





No—Rim-Cut Tires





With All- Weather Treads or Smooth





They offer you the'

YEAR utmost in a tire at the

lowest price possible



now. At a lower,

price than 16 other,





makes.





 





 





THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBERCOMPANY, AKRON. OHIO





Toronto, Canada





London, England





Branches and Agencies in 103 Principal Cities





Mexico City, Mexico





Dealers Everywhere '





Write Us on Anything You Want in Rubber





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





l

91

iii helm

turf





4.4





6.;





* fl , "i P

Hill r}





3%

L4





Nearly





200,000





Facto -Dlreet Prlces Sold

erteme Today? Do‘lt'nowl





is 13.31914 Bo





 





,$ 2523a . Q

Sold \ $4099 55%;? one“





Try your buggy before you buy. Don’t think of buy-

ing a buggy (or harness) until you have seen my fine.

color-illustrated catalog of Split Hickory Vehicles. '1

send you this book absolutely free of cost—and I even

pay the postage. Why? Because I know you’ll want

nothing but a Split Hickory Vehicle. For 14 long years



'I’ve b en making Split Hickory Vehicles and all told

I’ve sold nearly 200,000 farmers the best buggy they ever

rode in! I sell only on the direct-to-you-plan—and there’s . _

not a single dealer or middleman’s profit that you have/ ing ten ltmes the Size of his-—

to pay. I can actually save you $25 to $40. That’s why





Nearly 200,000 Men Hove Bought Bug lee From

Me—My, Big Illustrated. Free Book an





My Low,

Them—Why Don't You





 

 

 

 





ell. c. Phelps. Pres.

THE OHIO CAR-





, hicks 30109”? Free





 

 





1 show you more styles to , ~

k r?





 





 

 





 

 

 





choose from than your local \ ., T.-.

dealer could put into a build-





and I'quote you prices lower

than he would pay for the same

quality in carloads.





My low prices are only for the

actual user.

Write for free book.





7.4





1

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. RIAGE MFG.

comeANY





Test. Guaranteed » for Two





 





plit Hickory Vehicles





Genuine Split 0 Hickory Veo





Road





 

 

 





'h





. -r m N.





 





 

 





[50 Photographs





Pays the PU Lita-15%? w Slaw“ ti king" 3‘ Nd me





Phelps





Station 3.2

Columbus, Ohlo





 





 





. . "MAY 23, 1914.





Don’t leave Money

In The Straw Pile





Grainin the straw stack represents

real money lost. Why should you

lose your profits this way? You

worked hard and spent lots of time

raising and harvesting it.





Hire a





Red River Special





And Save Your Thresh Bill





S.'E. Brady and three other farmers

of Deering, North Dakota, say: “We

want nothing but the Red‘River Spe°

cial to thresh for us. It saves our

thresh bills.” Instead of expecting

the grain to drop out of the straw, the

Red River Special beats it out just as

you would with a pitchtork. The

saving is more than enough to pay

your thresh bill. Hire a Red River

Special this year and keep your profits

out of the straw pile.



Write for “Thresher Facts.”





Nichole 8s Shepard Company

(In continuous business since 18“)



’ Builders of Threshers Wind Stackers,

F ere, Steam Engines and

Oil-Gas Tractors

Battle Creek, Mlchlgon





 





 





No Lopsi‘ded Stones





Every CLEVELAND GRINDSTONE is absolutely

even in hardness all through, and sharpens knives,

axes. hoes and cutter-bar blades exactly right.



Made of the only genuine Berea stone,finest in the

world. Guaranteed to do satisfactory grinding, or

your money back. We are the biggest grindstone

maxers in America. We have experts of 50 years’

experience who select stones with the right grit





for farm use. Let them select for you.

‘yEL

V





CLEVELAND .: PS”;

Grindstones my





Look at the fine stone shown below! It’s the

CLEVELAND “EMPIRE,” a sturdy grinder to run

by hand or gas engine. Ball-bearing. Strong

frame and trough of cast iron that

, won’t rust out. Genuine Berea

stone, mounted on steel

l shaft complete with 6—inch

* pulley. Will last a life—

time. Write for our great

booklet, “The Grit that

* Grinds,” and we’ll give

outhe name of ournear-

y dealer. It will save

you money. Write to





‘ rm: CLEVELAND

.\ STONE co.

f ‘ lll7 morn-NEW: Bum

‘ cttvrunn, onlo





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 





 





 





 





 





   





Ill" Save Fence Money





Know how to jud e a wire fence for ours if.

Our book tells you ow to do it. Leamywhyethe





No. 9 Empire and Empire, Jr.





are the least expensive fences to buy in the ion run.

pu‘e fence is made of_open hearth ates big



. ; Wires, galvanized as a wire ence

should be galvanized. Will out-

last any soft Bessemer steel

fence ever made.





Write today for Free Book.

Address

BOND STEEL POST CO.





10 llunee Street





ADRIAN. HICIIIGA





 

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





   

 





 





J'AD’ADDE’ANAMM!‘





AI -

lif 'n‘h‘h‘l‘llll II II II II II II II II II II II" II II II II‘





 





.‘l, C’Ai‘m‘fll' JIMMi";MMi‘h‘h‘h‘ii‘h‘ii‘h‘h‘h‘ii‘l‘

’nJ. W’ii‘h‘f Elt‘Gd’u"ii'lifi'ii‘HJ'ii‘hl‘hfl'll‘w'n"AI’ANJ'A‘

Buy direct from our factory. Hundreds of exclu~

eive styles. Wire and Ornamental lron aran-

teed Fences for every purpose; Gates, etc. Write

for Free Catalog First Order and Earl Buyer's Offer!

Word Fence fits. Go» lee Penn Dz. WW. ““-





1 IV





 





Lawn Gote- only $2.96. Close

48 in. Stock and Poultry

Fence 27¢ a rod. Heavy 49 in.

, , . Field Fence 240 a rod. Hog

Fence 149 a rod. Barb Wire $1.40 a spool. 60 days' trial.

.We not only lead on prices but on qunllty no well. Our great

FREE Coulog‘provon it. Write for it today. It “was you money.

The Mason Fence Co.. Box 63 Leesburd. 0.





 





Michlgn White Cedar





FEN E POSTS.





GEORGE M. CHANDLER.Onaway. Mich.





 





 





 





Please mention the Mich. Farmer

when writing to advertisers.





 





 





 





 





 





 





pa.

. ,





 





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