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‘ MAY. 30, 19-14. ._ . .





 





FARM NOTES. I





 





Fertilizers and Soil Fertility.





I have been a reader of your valu-

able paper for three years, and get a.

great deal of good out of it. Last fall





I sowed some. commercial fertilizer





with my wheat and must say it looks

very good this spring. I also used

fertilizer on my oats and intend to

on my corn and potatoes, but a great

many of my neighbors tell me 1 will

have to continue its use and will fin-

ally ruin my land or get it so poor

that it will not grow anything at all.

I practice the following rotation; I

plow clover and timothy sod for corn,

disc up the ground the following

spring for oats and in the fall plow

'down all the manure I can get and

sow to wheat, or top-dress with the

manure and seed to clover with just

a little timothy, leaving it to hay and

grass for two years. Each time I

sow a little fertilizer, say about 150

lbs. per acre for wheat and oats, and

about 90 lbs. per acre for corn.

contend that this system will build

up my land. Am I right or wrong?

Allegan Co. J. S. C. S.

There is nothing whatever in the

theory that commercial fertilizers in-

jure the prdouctive power of the land

where they are intelligently used. It

will be found that in practically every

case where that theory is advanced

by a farmer it is by one who has had

no personal experience in the use of

fertilizers or who has made no study

of the question and has used them

unintelligently, if at all. It will also

be found that the most successful

farmers in a community are the ones

who use commercial fertilizers most

liberally. As an illustration, the write

er only yesterday called on one of the

most successful farmers of Shiawas-

see county, who has used fertilizers

for the past 25 years and by this

means has, without the aid of live

stock, maintained his farm in such a

high state of fertility that he gets

much above the average crop yields

in his community. His land would

produce better than similar land

which has not been so fertilized with-

out the use of further supplemetary

fertilization, but it will produce more

profitably with it, and this is the rea-

son that he continues to use commer-

cial fertilizers, and not because he

must to grow the same kind of crops

that his neighbors produce, and the

same is true of every farmer who uses

fertilizers in an intelligent manner.





Whether the crop rotation practic-

ed by the inquirer, with the fertiliza-

tion described, will permanently main-

tain the fertility of his soil, will de-

pend somewhat upon his general plan

of farming, as well as the nature of

his soil. The plan would, in the writ-

er’s opinion, be materially improved

by applying the manure to the sod

ground to be plowed for corn or po-

tatoes, since by this plan the .manure

could be gotten onto the land with

less delay after it is made and insure

the better conservation of this source

of plant food. With this change in

method and with sufficient manure to

cover the sod ground plowed each

year, a light supplementary fertiliza—

tion with commercial fertilizer, such

as is noted in this inquiry, should

serve to maintain the land in its

present state of fertility and perhaps

gradually improve its crop producing

power. Otherwise it would be better

to shorten the rotation a year and

plow down the clover after cutting

one year, to insure the addition of

sufficient vegetable matter to keep the

soil in a good mechanical condition

and well supplied with nitrogen.





Where fertilizer fails to give profit-

able results it will generally be found

that the soil is deficient in organic

matter, and the first step toward its

permanent improvement should be to

remedy this condition.



Plowing Down Straw.



Kindly advise me as to the best

way to rot straw so as to apply it to

be plowed in for manure. I have

about five tons that I want to put on

this way.



Delta Co. ,I. C.



It will not, in the writer’s opinion,





pay to compost this straw as a prep-





aration for its application to the soil

to plow down. The most profitable

way toluse straw is as an absorbent

in stables and yards to prevent the

waste of liquid fertilizers, but where

'there is an excess of straw available

over the amount which can be 'profit«

ably used in this way, it can be spread

on the surface, preferably on sod

ground, with excellent results. If

spread thinly on sod after haying in

midsummer, the straw will form a de-

sirable mulch and stimulate growth of

the. grass, and there will be more veg-

etable matter to plow down, while it

will be no trouble to plow under the

straw when so handled.

Midsummer Seeding of Alfalfa.





I would like to have the opinion of

some of your readers in regard to a

field I have. It is a ridge. Clay and

sand, and has'been run quite badly.

It is in rye now. Would it be advis-





I able to'turn down the rye after 'corn





planting and give it about six loads of

manure per acre and work it in good

and sow to alfalfa? How late in the

season would it be advisable to do

this work?



Gratiot Co. A. P.





The plan as suggested for seeding.





this land to alfalfa would bean ex—

cellent one, and should give good re-

sults. If, however, the manure is

spread on the land after plowing and

worked into the surface, it would be

better to keep the land cultivated for

some weeks to kill the weeds before

the alfalfa is sown. It would, in the

writer’s opinion. be a better plan to

spread the manure on the rye and

plow same down, then fit the land

and sow the alfalfa as soon as a good

seed bed could be prepared and the

weather conditions were suitable. It

should be remembered that alfalfa

does best on a good firm seed bed,

but if it is sown any time before the

middle of July, it will make such a

rapid root development that it will

make as good use of the manure if

plowed under as suggested, as would

be the case if it were spread on the

surface and worked into the soil. Al-

falfa may be successfully seeded as

late as the last of July, but it is pre-

ferable to sow it not later than July

15, in order that it may make a good

top growth with which to go into the

winter, so it will stand a far better

chance of surviving a hard winter un-

der these conditions.

Rape Pasture for Small Pigs.



In a recent issue of the Michigan

Farmer there was a long article on

rape pasture for hogs. Now some

people claim they have found that

rape pasture is liable to be injurious

to white pigs. Can you give me any

information on this subject?



Osceola Co. E. L. J.



Where small pigs, and especially

white pigs as suggested in this in-

quiry, are turned into a growthy pas-

ture and allowed to run through same

when wet with dew, it will sometimes

have an irritating effect upon the

skin. However, if the pigs are turn-

ed into the pasture before it has made

a large growth, this will not occur to

any extent, and if the pasture is not

overstocked at this time, it will not

be materially injured by such pastur-

ing.





 





MORE ABOUT STONE ROADS.





 





Interest in the recent articles by

Mr. J. A. Kaiser relating to the stone

roads built in Fayette township, Hills—

dale county, prompts me to ask for

the following information: What is

the cost of the stone crusher, separate

from a steam roller? What is the cost

per mile for the upkeep of crusher?

Is it essential to have a. steam roller?



Livingston Co. C. H.



Taking up the above questions in

their order, will say that the cost of

the stone crusher separate from the

roller, is $1,500. When Fayette town-





ship first commenced the construc-.





"tion of crushed stone roads, the ma-

chinery was obtained on trial, at a

rental charge not to be collected, pro-

vided the machinery was purchased

after trial. The experiment in this





kind of road construction proved sat-

isfactory and the outfit was purchas-

ed, thus saving the rental charge.



In regard to the coSt of up-keep per





mile, it is not practicable to give ac-





curate figures at this time, owing t0‘





the fact that the crusher is compar-

atively new, this being the fourth sea-

son it has been in use. It is possible,

however, to give a fairly accurate es-

timate, based on use for a series of

years. The highway commissioner of

the township under whose supervision

most of the stone roads have been

built, estimates this up-keep to be

somewhere between $150 and $200

per mile. The commissioner is at

present, probably best fitted to make

this estimate of any man in the town-

ship, owing to his long experience

and thorough knowledge of the outfit,

and his figures will doubtless prove to

be close to the exact cost.

Concerning the steam roller, it may

be said without reservation, that eith-

er a steam or gasoline roller is abso-

lutely essential. In order to construct

crushed stone roads properly, a roller

of 10 tans weight is required. An

amount of rolling amounting to 30

days’ work is done on each mile of

road built. Much of this rolling is

done in the evening, after the work

with the crusher has ceased. It is the

practice to roll down the newly built

road and also that which has been

constructed on previous days.' It is





the opinion of those competent to’





judge, that these roads cannot be roll-

ed too much. The more rolling the

better. The heavy roller has been

found to work excellent results in the

repair of roads, in taking out ruts,

etc., and is used for this purpose, each

spring. A mile of state reward gravel

road built some years ago is easily

repaired in this way.



It is not the policy of Fayette town-

ship to go in debt in order to con-

struct stone roads. The matter is in

the hands of the voters, and should

the tax for this work seem too heavyx

they have the power to cut down the

mileage to be constructed. It is the

policy of the township, however, to

build only good roads, even though the

work should prceed slowly. Road im-

provement is bound to come, every-

where in Michigan. Why not con-

struct the best and most permanent

road possible? It is the policy of the

township, also, to construct these

roads first, where most needed, re-

gardless of whether the bad spot be

in a main road or a crossroad. Long

stretches of deep sand are being con-

verted into hard, smooth, stone roads.

So far, the cost per mile, exclusive of

wear on machinery, has been $12.00.

This allows, of course, for the pay-

ment of $1,000 reward money, by the

state.





Hillsdale Co. J. A. KAISER.





WHEN TO APPLY LIME.





 





“The best time to apply lime,” says

M. A. Batchell, of the College of Ag-

riculture, Ohio State University, “is

during the preparation of the seed

bed for corn. The thorough cultiva-

tion of this crop mixes the lime with

the upper soil. By the time clover is

sown on that soil, the lime has chang-

ed it from a sour to a sweet condi-

tion. The time for applying lime, how-

ever, admits of wide variation. Usu-

ally a busy spring compels the farm-

er to spend his time in getting ready

for the season’s planting. If liming

is neglected, it can be done at the

time of the preparation of the seed

bed for wheat. Lime should not be

applied to the surface and immedi-

ately plowed under as this tends to

place it 'too far from the surface

where it is needed. Neither should

the caustic forms (hydrated lime and

quicklime) 'be applied in connection

with manure and fertilizers. It is

better to plow the manure under and

put the lime on top of the soil. In

case the manure is desired for top-

dressing, the lime should be worked

into the soil at least two weeks prior

to application of the manure. Like-

wise it is well to apply the lime some

time previous to commercial for-

tilizers."





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g'Practical .Sc1ence. g

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TH E CONSERVATION OF SOIL

M O l ST U‘R E.





 





BY FLOYD w. ROBISON.



With the abundance of rainfall

which we have in this state at certain

periods of the year, it seems indeed

strange that there should at any pe-

riod of the year be a lack in available

moisture in the soil. During the year

we have, as a rule, between 30 and 40

inches of rainfall and this is ample,

were it properly distributed, to take

care of the needs of growing crops.

But while we have no specially dis-





tinct rainy season and dry season,





there are certain periods of the year





in which rainfall is more abundant

During such pe-I





than at other times.

riods there is a great excess of rain-

fall and therefore a desideratum in

farm management is the perfection of

a drainage system which will permit

of the carrying ofi of the excess rain«

fall L’without detriment to the soil and

to growing crops.



We hate just enough rain in this

climate so'th’at we have come to de-

pend in tagging. operations almost

entirely ' . “ ‘ arriving in proper

season,;',_, tle have cultural

methods: .

necessary in the states of the, middle

west where’rainfall in season cannot

be depended upon.



Excepting in certain localities in

this state, irrigation is not practiced

and with the amount of rainfall which

we have during the year in most in-

stances irrigation is unnecessary, but

some of the principles governing the

science of dry-farming must be put

into operation for maximum crop pro-

duction.



The Conservation of Soil Moisture.





The conservation of soil moisture

is a very necessary adjunct "to suc-

cessful farming in Michigan and cul-

tivation is practiced more, we think

we may safely say, with this end in

View than with the elimination of

weeds and vegetable growth foreign

to the crop. '



The Capillary Water of the Soil.



The moisture of most benefit to the

growing crop is the soil moisture,

that is, the moisture which comes in

contact with the roots underneath the

soil. This moisture, of course, not only

serves as the fluid medium for plant

growth, but it carries with it the en-

tire nourishment of the plant, or at

least, the administrative agents which

administer the nourishment t0 the

plant. This is accomplished through

what is known scientifically as capil-

larity in the soil. This capillarity oc-

curs in exactly the same manner as

that in which the oil in a kerosene

lamp is fed through the wick to the

flame. The influence of the capillary

attraction causes the water in the soil

to mount higher and higher until it

reaches the surface where, through

the influence of the sun’s rays or

thro‘ h the influence of the demands

of the growing crop, it is removed and

thus creating temporary deficiency at

this point, more water is drawn up.





Water Removed by Crops is Enor-



mous.



Unless one has observed the matter

closely, there is a very slight percep-

tion indeed of the enormous amount

of water which is necessary forvthe

supplying of a growing crop during a

day. Thousands and thousands of

gallons of water are pumped into the

air, as it were, through the respira-

tory processes of plant growth, and

this water reaches the plant through

the process in the soil known as ca-





 

 





pillarity. To divert all of the capillary





water of the soils to the rootlets of

plants is the farm problem involved

during the growing months in which,

as a rule, rainfall is unevenly distrib-

uted upon the earth.



. , (Continued on page 580).





 





 





 





.“ a,“ ..b—. _. I.





 





. .Ww-“ .m.
THE/MICHIGAN F‘ARMER





3—567 '





 





MAY 30', 1’914.«

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Hortlculture.

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in aPDIYing the next spray, with





Ward Orchard Notes.





This is truly the rush season on

a fruit farm and we are probably ex-

periencing more the usual rush on

account of the extra work of getting

things in running order. But, as yet,

the delays we have had have been

nothing serious. _



We have kept two of our spray rigs

working up to blossoming time, and

have covered the second time before

the blossoms, the Spies, Baldwins and

Shiawassee, the varieties which are

the latest in blossoming and the most

susceptible to scab we have.



In spraying we maintain about 200

pounds pressure and have two men

to a rig, one on the rig and the other

on the ground. Unless the wind is

very strong, we spray both rows as

we go, the man on the tank taking

care of the tops and a great share of

the head of the trees, and the man

on the ground the lower parts, giving

the trunks special attention. The

trunks are well sprayed because they

have been neglected in the past and

some of them are affected with bank-

er and winter injury.



Spraying Equipment.



We use the regular eddy chamber

nozzle, which some call an enlarged

vermorel, using one to each rod. The

rods are eight and ten-foot lengths,

and for the man on the tank we al-

low a little over ten feet of hose,

while the man on the ground gets be-

tween 25 and 40. For the after blos-

som spraying we intend to use three

leads of hose on each rig, with two

men on the ground and one on the

tank.



Had it not been for the numerous

unpreventable delays we would have

had the work up in good shape, be-

cause we are quite sure that we have

now the equipment to take care of

things in time.

regular equipment which was on the

place when we took charge of it we

purchased a 15-30 tractor and a trac-

tor disk, which is a cutaway disk of

40 disks, and makes a 12-foot cut. We

realized that if we were to cultivate

the orchard in good shape we would

need eight or ten teams. These teams

would be necessary at this time of

the year, but in a few months most

of them would be standing idle. The

original cost, and the cost of keeping

that number of horses would be large

and the number of hours you can

work the teams would he‘limited by

their endurance. With the tractor we

can keep going every daylight hour

and even work at night if necessary.

The night work we have tried out

and find that it works very satisfac-

tory. One ordinary automobile gas

light furnishes plenty of light for this

work. It was quite interesting to see

the tractor, which may be likened to

a one-eyed monster, traveling around

the field at night.



Saving Time in Spraying.



In addition to the tractor being a

tireless worker in cultivation, we are

going to use it to great advantage in

spraying. We have a thousand-gallon

tank mounted on heavy trucks and

with this we shall have the tractor

haul water to the four spray rigs in

the field. We found that over half of

the time was consumed by the spray

rigs going to the spray shed to fill up.

From the farther side of the orchard

the spray shed is about three-quarters

of a mile away and traveling this of-

ten during the day takes time. In a

short test of the tractor hauling wa-

ter for the spray rigs we found that

it nearly doubled the number of tanks

of spray each rig would put on. So,

instead of applying six to eight tanks

a day, each rig will apply from 12 to

14. This will be a decided advantage





 





In addition to the,





which ones does not have very much

latitude in the way of time. for the

best results.



At the present writing (May '19)

Wagener, Wealthy and Duchess trees

are in full bloom and are blossoming

very heavily. The Jonathans are also

budded well and will be out in a few

days. The Shiawassee, Baldwin and

Spy are not going to blossom as fully

as the others, but still have enough to

set for an ample crop. Our blossoms

were not out during the bad weather

of the week of the 11th, and we can

see no bad results in any way from

that weather, except that it delayed

us a little in our work. The weather

conditions at present are ideal and

by all prospects we are in for a big

crop of fruit.





SPRAYING APPLE TREES WITH

NITRATE OF SODA.





 





Horticulturists are familiar with the

eifects of ether upon plants and its

use in forcing plants is now a com-

mon practice. Exposing the dormant

plants for short periods to the fumes

of the anesthetic results in hastening

the blooming period and consequently

the practice has become of commer-

cial importance.



We are now learning of another

similar practice which promises to be-

come of importance to fruit growers

in some localities. About two years

ago we heard of an experience of a

California apple grower in spraying

some of his trees with a solution of

nitrate of soda. The orchard in ques-

tion was composed of Yellow Bell-

flower trees which had been unfruit-

ful. The trees blossomed abundantly,

but fruit failed to set, so the owner

reasoned that an application of nitro-

gen would be beneficial. Consequent~

1y, nitrate of soda was applied to the

trees in the usual form and as spray-

ing operations were then in progress,

he concluded to dissolve it upon his

trees. He apparently had no reason

for using the material in this way and

the thought was probably suggested

simply by the use of the spraying

machine.



Applied to Ground and Tree.



The fertilizer, in both forms, was

applied at the same time, which is

about two months before the blos-

some open. The sequel showed, prob-

ably much to his surprise, that the





'trees that were sprayed with nitrate





solution set an abundant crop of fruit,

while the other trees gave the usual

poor crop.



The story of this result was spread

broadcast throughout the country for

what it was worth and a number of

experiment stations have been inter-

ested in the subject. The first bulle-

tin, however, recording definite exper-

iments, recently appeared from the

Department of Agriculture—Research

Bulletin No. 5.



In brief, their plan of experiment

was as given above and the results

were the same, viz.: the trees blos-

somed about two weeks earlier and

set an abundant crop of fruit, while

the untreated trees were unfruitful.

It was also noticed that the buds on

the treated trees were more plump

and apparently more vigorous.



Results of Experiments.



The authors do not attempt to ex-

plain the reason for this effect nor

have their experiments gone far

enough to warrant definite conclu—

sions. However, these results open

up a broad field of inquiry for if cer-

tain materials applied to trees at the

right time will cause early blossoming

and lessen the effect of sterility, why

may it not be just as possible to find

some solution which will also retard





bloom and at the same time increase

fruitfulness? In seasons like the pres-

ent, when state-wide damage has be-

fallen the peach crop, such possibili-

ties are more than likely to be dream-

ed of, but more particularly in the

case of damage from late spring

frosts. The retarding of the blossom-

ing period for only a day or two could

often mean the difference between

success and failure.



Then again the possibility of medi-

cating trees is suggested so that they

may more readily withstand the rav-

ages of diseases. Experimenters have

long been interested in this ‘subject,

but, so far, with scant results. But

no doubt the California experiments

will stimulate such inquiries and it is

likely that a great advance in the

knowledge of this general subject may

soon be made—Prof. W. Paddock,

Ohio College of Agriculture.





TRANSPLANTING.





 





Plants to be moved into permanent

quarters in the open ground from hot-

beds and flats should have been sub-





 





jected to a few days of open-air treat-

ment—allowed to go rather dry at

times and hardened off by full ex-

posure to the sun; they should be well

watered the night before transplant-

ing and, if possible, moved while still

fresh in the morning. Only as many

plants should be lifted at one time as

can be got into the ground before

they wilt seriously. Everything

should be in readiness for planting

before a plant is lifted from the bed

——all planting lines marked out.



In lifting plants from the hot-bed

or flats great care should be exercised

that the tender, fibrous roots are not

injured; pass the trowel well down

below the lowest tip of the roots and

lift a block of plants together; sep-

arating them as they are set in the

ground.



The condition of the weather, so

that it is free from frost, is not of

moment but the ground should be in

condition to allow of the forming of

a dust mulch about the plants or ad-

vantage should be taken of a spell of

rainy weather.



Setting the Plants.



In setting the plants a hole should

be made of sufficient size to accom-

modate the roots, the plant placed

therein and a portion of the soil

drawn about it and pressed rather

firmly about the roots; the hole should

then be filled with water and when

this has .soaked away the remainder

of the soil drawn up and a dust mulch

formed about the plant to retain the

moisture about the roots. Plants set

in this way will require no shading

or protection, no matter how hot the

sun, but should the moisture draw to

the surface or a shower follow the

planting the ground should be gone

over with a hoe or other tool and the

dust mulch restored. Do not water

for three or four days after trans—

planting, but maintain the dust mulch

unimpaired.



When by overcrowding in the bed

or flats the plants have kneed over,

it will be well to set them deeply

enough in the ground to provide an

upright growth for the stem; toma-

toes which have become badly bent

and have started root growth along

the stem may be trenched in the en-

tire length of this growth to advan—

tage, leaving only the upright part of

the stem above ground. Plants which

have made too rapid a growth and

may have a portion of the leaves re-

moved before planting, cabbage and

cauliflowers being especially benefit-

ed by this method.



Branch Co. IDA D. BENNETT.



Keep the newly set small fruit

plants well tilled. Pick the blossoms

ad of all of them, especially the straw-

berries. With the latter it is desir-

able to allow the plants to put all

their energy into the making of good

rows of plants. I





 





 





Richer Soil

At Less Expense





It is NITROGEN—the most

necessary plant food—that most

soils lack. Nitrogen must be

introduced into the soil. The

question is how?





Ferguson’s





NITROGEN BAOTEOIA





used to innoculate the seeds of le-

gume—peas, beans, alfalfa,clover,

vetch—gather Nitrogen from the





air itself and store it upon the

roots of the plants. They store

up so much that the plants cannot

use it all and a large part is left to

enrich the soil for future crops.





The same ‘bottle contains all the

varieties of Bacteria necessary for

the innoculation of any legume.



Costs only a fraction as much



u the boot commercial tortillzor



Quarter-acre quantity. 500: 1 acre. $2;

5 acres, $9. Let us explain why you need

Nitrogen Bacteria and why Ferguson 8

is best. Write for booklet M—free.

HOMEWOOD NITROGEN 00.





5| Liberty St. New York City

We want, agents—A very liberal ofi'er,





 





 





ADAPTED TO

Housas-~





"BARNS





J SHEDS ETC.





OUR GALVANIZED ROOFING





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Our Painted Roofing

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PROOF AGAINST FIRE. WIND. RAIN AND

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Cheaper than slate or shingles, and is guaranteed

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FOR INFORMATION 8. PRICES WRITE TO





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Pulverized Magnesia. Lime Rock,

shipped direct to farmers at lowest

prices. Comes to you in closed cars

and absolutely dry. \Ve ship from

Muskegon and Bentor Harbor, Mich.





Write today for interesting Book-

lets and sample.





LAKE SHORE STONE CO.,

MILWAUKEE, WIS.





 





 





TH? IDEA L

Fruit Picker





The only machine's/ct in-

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of fruit. Only' sighs

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longer lengths on ap-

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Bushel crates





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Knocked Down or Nailed Up



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Cider- Presses

You can earn money wher-

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a Monarch. A Monarch

gets all the cider—you



ave satisfied custom~

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Box 112. You. PA.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





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PROF. STEWART'S NEW 1914 LIME-SULPHUR HYDROMETER

mom or PUMA. AND NEW You: STATE unmann- STATIONS





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manufacture the highest grade. pul-





verized limestone sold In ichigan.

Let us prove it. Ask for sample and analysis.

CAMPBELL STONE 00.. Indian Rlvor. Mich.





—Grest soil improvers. heavy yieldershi h

8" ”Cans feeding value. best variety tested Agricgl-

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CLOVER to grow it sent on request. Everett

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INSTRUCTIONS.
568—4





TH E M.I CH IGA N. FARM ER“





MAY so, 1914-.12





 





 

 

 





 





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Different from this picture, which

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We Manufacture

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I D

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MINERAL ‘

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.pork was $12.94.





‘INDIANA CATTLE FEEDERS’ CON-





VENTION. ‘





 





The Seventh Annual Spring Conven-

tion of the Indiana Cattle" Feeders’

Association, held in Lafayette, Satur-

day, May 16, was one of the most suc-

cessful meetings of the organization.

The attendance, owing to the very

favorable weather for farm Work,

which no doubt kept many at home,

was not quite up to the high record

of last spring, but was somewhat

above the average, being between 300

and 400 people.



The meeting was called to order at

10:30 a. m., by President Maurice

Douglas, of Flat Rock, Indiana, who

gave a short and interesting talk on

the cattle feeding business in general.

His faith in the future of the industry

is shown by the fact that he has re-

cently erected, at a considerable cost,

an extensive cattle feeding plant.



Results of Feeding Trials.

The results of the feeding trial at





. Purdue which has just been complet-

3 ed, were discussed by Mr. F. G. King.





The cattle used in the experiment had

been purchased on the Chicago mar-

ket during the first part of November

and were valued in the feed lots by

commission men from Chicago and

Indianapolis, at $7.45 per cwt.



The cattle in Lot 2 were fed a ra-

tion of shelled corn, cottonseed meal

and clover hay. They gained in 175

days 426.9 pounds per steer at a cost

of $12.21 per cwt. The selling value

of the cattle in the feed lot, as placed

by the commission men on the basis

of the-Chicago market, was $8.60 per

cwt. This ShOWS a loss of $4.17 per

steer, not including the pork produc-

ed and a profit of $6.73 per steer in-

cluding pork.



The cattle in Lot 3 were fed shelled

corn, cottonseed meal, and native al-

falfa hay. They gained 405.6 pounds

per head which, it will be noted, was

somewhat less than the gain made by

steers in Lot 2, where clover hay was

fed. This was at least partly due to

an unthi'ifty steer in Lot 3 which fell

far below the average in rate of gain.

The results of this one trial indicate

that clover and alfalfa hay have prac-

tically the same effect upon the rate

of gain with fattening cattle. The

cost of gain in Lot 3 was $13.88 per

cwt. and the selling value was $8.50

per cwt. in the feed lots. Owing to

the higher cost of‘alfalfa which was

$18 per ion, the steers in this lot lost

$11.50 per head, not including pork

produced, and including pork the loss

was $1.03 per steer.



The cattle in Lot 4 were fed shelled

corn, cottonseed meal, corn silage and

clover hay. They gained 431.8 pounds

per head. The cost of gain was $10.74

per cwt. and the selling value was

$8.70 per cwt. The profit per steer

not including pork, was $3.41, and in-

cluding pork the profit was $10.95 per

steer. Comparing Lot 4 with Lot 2

shows the results secured from ad-

ding corn silage to a ration of shelled

corn, cottonseed meal and clover hay.



Lot 6 was fed the same as Lot 4,

except the clover hay was replaced by

oat straw. The rate of gain was

slightly greater'than in Lot 4 and the

cost of gain was reduced 50 cents per

cwt. by the use of the cheaper rough-

age. The selling value of the cattle

was the same in both lots. The profit

per steer in Lot 6, not including pork

produced, was $4.94, and including

This is in accord

with. the results secured last' year

from these two rations and indicates

that where cattle are on a. full feed of





- corn, cottonseed meal and silage they





will eat such a. small quantity of dry

roughage that the nutritive value of





 





 





 





such dry roughage is of very little





 





e:‘JgilllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllIlllllllllIllllllllll'lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll[llllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllléLE

E - ’ S

Live Stock. ,

fillllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllIllll|lllllllll|lll|Ill|lllllll|lllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllll|l|llIll|[llllll|llIllllllllll|Illllllllllllllllllllllll||lllllllllIlllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllfi





importance. Oat straw, owing to its

lower price, proved more profitable in

this ration than did clover hay.



Lot 5 was fed the same as Lot 6,

except that four pounds of cottonseed

meal daily per thousand pounds live

weight were fed instead of two and

one-half pounds. They gained 423.4

pounds per head. The cost of gain

was $10.90 per cwt. The selling value

was $8.70 per cwt., indicating that

they carried the same degree of finish

as Lot 6. The profit per head, not

including pork, was $2.89 and when

the pork produced is credited to the

cattle the profit per head is $10.38.



Lot 1 was fed the same as Lot 6,

except that soy bean meal was fed

instead of cottonseed meal. The cat-

tle receiving soy bean meal were too

“loose” most of the time and did not

relish their feed as much as those re-

ceiving the cottonseed meal. The cost

of gain was $10.94 per cwt. and the

selling price $8.60 per cwt. in the feed

lots. The profit per head was $2.41

not including pork, and $11.22 per

head when the returns from the pork

are added.



Lot 7 was fed the same ration —as

Lot 4 except that native alfalfa hay

replaced the clover hay. The rate of

gain was 415 pounds per head. The

cost of gain was $11.57 per cwt. The

selling valuation was $8.40 per cwt.

which was the lowest lot in the ex-

periment. Not including pork, the loss

per steer was $3.89, the profit per

steer, including pork, was $5.56.



The Effect of “Free Meats.”



At the close of Mr. King’s address

and the discussion which followed,

lunch was served in the judging pa-

vilion. This was followed by the ad-

dress of Mr. J. T. Alexander, of Chi-

cago, on “Free Meats,” and its effect

upon the producer and consumer. He

said in part: “At the very moment

when growers needed every possible

incentive for breeding operations they

were assured that cheap beef could

be insured by the simple process of

wiping out the tariff. I assert, with-

out fear of successful contradiction,

that this ill-advised legislative action

defeated, the very object sought, re«

duction of cost to the consumer; but

for free trade‘ thousands of small

breeding herds would have been es-

tablished and the 1914 calf crop would

have furnished far more assurance of

relief for the consumer than a few

thousand tons of chilled and frozen

beef of dubious quality from South





America. Fear discourages human

energy, and it was fear of a deluge of

foreign beef that restrained many





score land owners from breeding op-

erations.



“In my judgment the United States

is capable of producing an adequate

quantity of beef, but to insure that

supply condition, a continuance of

present prices will be necessary. We

have the capital, brain, muscle and

feed, and only lack confidence in the

permanent profitability of the indus-

try. As long as cattle and beef are

admitted free, considerable numbers

of the former and quantities of the

latter will be imported.”



Beef Production Profitable.



Following Mr. Alexander’s address,





Mr. J. D. Waters, of Dawson, Illinois,.





gave a very interesting talk on his

methods and experiences in breeding

and feeding cattle. His, experience

shows that through a. series of years

the cattle business has proven profit-

able and he thinks the future holds

just as bright prospects. He says:

“The prospects for breeding our own

cattle was never as bright as at the

present time.”



In conclusion Mr. Waters said:. “I





fully believe the chances are” very





slim to find a. better occupation than





.most drafters sold around $225@275





to breed and produce the kinds of cat-

tie that I have‘ spoken of, and to be-

come a. breeder andtiller of the soil,

I consider one of the greatest honors.”

F. G. KING, Secretary.





LIVE STOCK N EWS.





. D. H. Robinson, of Daviess 00., Mo.,

has come to regard the silo as a nec-

essity to farmers of the corn belt

states if they intend to carry on feed-

ing cattle. Last fall he bought in the

Kansas City market 117 head of heif-

ers, which be fed on silage largely

and marketed three carloads of them

recently in the same city at $8 per

100 lbs. He has one carload left. He

can figure out a profit, he says, which

is more than he could have done had

it not been for the silage used in fat-

tening them. Mr. Robinson built two

years ago four silos of 150 tons ca-

paCIty each, and he has discovered

that no other feed can compare with

it for cheapness. It goes farther as

a forage feed than hay or fodder, or

any rough feed he ever used.





Stock feeders living in territory

triubtary to the Chicago market where

corn has been abundant have been

unloading their cattle carried through

the winter, and recent receipts have

embraced a good showing of pretty

good cattle, but such steers as bring

$9 and over are scarce. However,

there have been a good many $8.50@

8.90 cattle that served killers’ purpos-

es and are convertible into good beef.

Fat little yearlings are in active de-

mand at good prices, with especial

favor shown to high-dressing yearlings

selling at $8.75 and upwards, but half-

fat yearlings are strongly discriminat-

ed against. The best course for own-

ers of little cattle to follow is to feed

them out, for the more finish they

carry the better they sell, and there

is no danger that they will be mar-

keted this summer too liberally.





The wool market shows an unmis-

takable advancing tendency, and ac-

tive buying is expected all summer.

It IS stated on good authority that the

world’s clip this year is insufficient to

operate 75 per cent of its loom ca-

pacity, and it has been predicted that

the domestic clip will be used up in

the course of six months, necessitat-

ing much increased imports from

abroad. Of late, western sheepmen

have waked up to a realization that

they sold their clips at too low prices.

In Montana it is difficult to buy wool

below 20 cents a pound.





Recent bad breaks in the Chicago

hog market caused many stockmen to

wait for rallies in prices before sell-

ing any more hogs. There is no ov-

ersupply of swine in the country, and

decidedly fewer hogs have been

slaughtered in the west since March

1 than for the corresponding period

last year. The packers are anxious

to have hogs placed on a lower basis,

but they are still bringing much high-

er prices than in most former years

and are making large returns for their

care and feed.



Prices asked for young stock cattle

look so radically out of line with the

prices paid for fat ones that intend-

ing buyers are exercising caution.

Stock steer calves have brought as

high as $8.50 per 100 lbs. in the Chi-

cago market recently. At Missouri

river markets the proportion of stock

cattle arriv’ g is large, but such cat-

tle are arr ving rather sparingly in

Chicago.



Chas. Osborn, a farmer and stock-

man of Rock Is. 00., 111., carries feed.-

ing cattle from two to three months on

silage and cottonseed meal, and he

finds that this method is considerably

cheaper than feeding corn, although

it does not put on as much flesh. He

says corn can be placed in silos,

which are rapidly growing in favor

with farmers in that region, for about

$2.50 per ton, and two tons of silage

will equal one ton of clover.



L. S. Larrison, Winnebago Co., 111.,

showed up in the Chicago market re-

cently with a carload of 1346-lb. beef

steers which brought $9.10. They were

bought in the Chicago market as feed-

ers at $7.85 and made gains of 500

lbs. while on feed, or an average of

almost four. pounds a day.



Recent reports gathered from five

far western states, comprising Mon~

tana, Wyoming, Idaho, Oregon and

Utah, show that the 1914 wool clip

will run approximately 25,000,000 lbs.

below that of last year. Owners who

have any wool left are in no great

hurry to sell.



Horses were not in excessive sup-

ply last week, and although the gen-

eral demand was only fairly large,





 





prices remained mostly steady withi

the bulk of the sales below $200 per ‘

head. Pairs of farm geldings sold at !





$300@400, and drivers sold singly at





$100@150, pairs of drivers going 1: .





$150@25_0. A few prime heavy dra t-

ers brought $285@310 per head, but.





D





while ‘wa‘goners brought $185@240.





‘,W
MAY 30, 1914.





" llllllllllllllllll|IlllllllllmllllllllIllIIlllllUlllllllllllllllllllll|llIIIIlIllIllilllIlHlllllllllllllllllllllllli ‘—





_ Dairy.





alllllllIllll|I|llll|ll|IllllIIllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllll

CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





“—7





llllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllE

Illllllllllllllllllll





filllllllllllllll





f'





MAKING BUTTER FROM ONE COW.





.._.—._





We have a cow which gives about

14 to 15 quarts of milk each day.

She is part Jersey and the first one

we ever had; as we have had no ex-

perience in butter making I would

like a little information as to how





it is done.



Wayne Co. P. A. R.



Making butter from one cow, good

butter, is quite a serious proposition.

We practically have to go back to

primitive methods of butter making,

raising the cream by the gravity proc-

ess in pans. The principal way used

to be to use a small glass churn like

a two-gallon crock or something of

that sort for a churn; They didn’t

have a sufficient amount of cream to

pay to have a hand-separator, neither

did they have enough to pay to have

a barrel churn or a box churn.



Now, the trouble in making good

butter from one cow is that you have

to leave the cream so long before you

get a sufficient quantity to churn, that

it is almost impossible to make the

best of butter. Where one has a

good-sized herd so that he can churn

every day, he has no trouble in mak-

ing gilt-edge butter. If you have few

cows and let the cream stand quite a

long while it is liable to get bitter

and have other off flavors which pre-

vents you from making the choicest

kind of butter. However, if you are

willing to do all of the work by hand

and are particular about it, you can

make good butter from one cow.



Put your milk in a six-quart pan

and set it in just as cool a place as

you have in the summer time. If the

cow is part Jersey the cream will rise

better than it will with some other

breeds, because the globules of fat

are larger and will more readily

come to the top. Skim the milk into

the cream jar when it is ready to be

skimmed and set it away in a cool

place. Do the next milking the same

way and you can put it into the same

crock if it is kept cool, because the

cream is cool when it is skimmed. If

you have a hand-separator and the

creanris warm you will have to cool

it before you mix it with the older

cream.



When you have accumulated enough

cream for a churning, and you ought

not to wait over three days, then

gradually warm the cream up to 70

degrees and let it stand over night.

Cool the cream down to 60 degrees

before churning. You can rig up a

little churn with a stone crock and

have a lid made to cover it, and a

dasher made. By working the dasher

up and down you can break the glob-

ules of fat and get them to accumu-

late together in masses.



If you use this old-fashioned dasher

churn you will have to take the but-

ter out of the churn with a ladle and

put it into a butter bowl and wash

it the best you can. Work it over in

water a couple of times anyway, un-

til the water runs away clear. Then

suit the taste. Work the salt in and

let it“stand over night, then work it

again and then you can make it into

rolls or pack it into a jar. Remember

the most important thing to get fine

butter where u have such a small

amount to chu , is to churn often.





VALUE OF ROOTS AS SUCCULENT

FEED—ALSO COMPARED

WITH GRAIN.





 





Not having a large enough herd to

justify a silo I am inclined to attempt

the feeding of roots if they can be

had at a reasonable price. Last win-

ter my ration was limited to, mixed

timothy and clover and about 10 to

12 lbs. per day of mixed grains. If I

fed about 30 lbs. of roots per day——

turnips, rutabagas and mangels in

succession—how much reduction could





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





.I make in the grain ration? I am sure

that the cows would be benefited by

the succulency of the roots but the

latter are quite expensive to buy and

I could not afford to feed them unless

I could make a corresponding saving

in the cost of either the grain or the

hay as fed last winter. What should

be the approximate cost‘per ton of

the different roots mentioned? Would

appreciate an early reply in order

that I may contract for the growing





of the roots, if necessary. They are

rather scarce in this part of our

county. SUBSCRIBER.





The Dakota Experiment Station has

found out that 10 pounds of roots will

take the place of one pound of grain,

and if you feed 30 pounds of roots per

day you can get along with three

pounds less of grain. You will get

better results with three pounds less

grain and 30 pounds of roots in the

place of the three pounds of grain

than you would with an all-grain ra-

tion, because a succulent food has a

greater value than its chemical an-

alysis would seem to indicate. Suc-

culency adds very much to the ration

because it makes it more palatable.

It keeps the digestive organs of the

cow in better condition and she' can

consume more dry food and assimi-

late more of it, and consequently pro-

duce better results.



As td’ the value of roots their chem-

ical analysis would seem to show that

they are quite as valuable as corn

silage, ton for ton, and undoubtedly

their succulency is of a greater value.

If a man argues that corn silage is

better than roots he simply argues

that it is a substitute for roots. Ex-

periments show that the succulency

of corn silage will take the place of

the succulency of mangel wurzel beets

or turnips, but no one argues that

corn silage is better. The argument

is that you can grow so much more

corn per acre than you can of roots

that it is more profitable to feed corn

silage than to feed roots. Not only

that, but it is more economical to

store the silage. It can be done in a

more economical way. Consequently

most all dairymen have given up the

idea of growing roots for succulency

and grow corn instead, but there isn’t

any question but what you can get

just as good results with roots as a

succulent food as you can with corn

silage. The chemical analysis of

roots are equal in food value to one

pound of timothy hay. Therefore if

timothy hay is worth $15 per ton one

could afford to pay $5 per ton for

roots or for silage. Ordinarily these

crops barely sell for as high a price

as that, but one could certainly afford

to pay $4 or $5 per ton for the roots.

If it wasn’t for the trouble of growing

them, and also the expense of storing

them, and the fact that they are not

suitable for feeding in the summer

time when the pastures are short,

more roots would be fed today than

are now being fed.





MILK REQUIRED TO RAISE A

DAIRY CALF.





 





A series of tests was conducted by

the Illinois Experiment Station to

demonstrate the value of milk in calf

raising and to ascertain the minimum

amount of milk necessary to insure to

the calves a satisfactory start in life.

The first test was preliminary and in-

dicated that during the first two

weeks the calves must be fed a rea-

sonable amount of milk containing

about three per cent butter-fat (this

to be gradually changed to skim-

milk), the calves receiving practically

all of their nourishment up to eight

weeks, from the milk. Following this,

a grain supplement may be fed. In

the second test in which the average

amount of milk used was 152 pounds

of Whole milk and 435 pounds of skim-

milk, the calves made an average

gain of 65 pounds during the first 70

days of their lives. During the third

test more whole milk was fed, but it

was found to be unnecessary. The

cost of the milk fed each calf varied

from $1.61 to $4.62, which is consid-

ered comparatively low.





_





 





 





eeing the Difference

BETWEEN THE ,





 





AND OTHER





Cream Separators





T DOSEN’T TAKE AN EXPERT KNOWLEDGE OF

mechanics or a long working test to tell the difference between

the De Laval and other cream separators.

N THE CONTRARY, WITH A. 1914 DE LAVAL

machine placed beside any other separator the difference is

apparent at first sight to the man who never saw a separator before.





F HE WILL THEN TAKE FIVE

minutes to compare the separating

bowl construction; the size, material

and finish of the working parts, particu-

larly those subject to wear and requir-

ing to be occasionally taken apart and

put together; the manner of oiling, and

' everything which enters

into the design and con-

struction of a separator as

a simple durable machine,

he will still further see the

difference.





F HE WILL GO A



step farther and turn

the cranks of the two

machines side by side for

half an hour, particularly

running milk or water

through the bowl, he will

see still more difference.





ND IF HE WILL

take the two ma-

chines home, as every De

. Laval agent will be glad

to have him do, and run them side by side in practical use, the De

Laval one day and the other machine the next, for a couple of

weeks, he will see still greater difference in everything that enters

into cream separator practicability and usefulness. -

HE MAN WHO TAKES EVEN THE FIRST STEP

indicated in seeing for himself the difference between the De

Laval and other cream separators dosen’t put his money into any

other machine. one time in a thousand.





J HE (IOMI’ARATIVELY FEW BUYERS OF OTHER





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





 





i

i





ll





 





 

 





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separators are those who merely read printed matter claims or

listen to the argument of some de .ler working for a commission, and

who do not think it worth while to see the difference for

themselves.

HE WISE BUYER OF A CREAM SEPARATOR TODAY

does see this difference when buying his first separator, while

the unwise or careless one usually finds it worth while to do so

when he comes to buy a second separator a year or two later.

VERY DE LAVAL AGEI "l‘ (‘ONSIDERS IT A PRIV—

ilege to show the difference between the De Laval and other

separators, and to afford every prospective buyer the opportunity

to try out and prove the difference to his own satisfaction if oil

first examination he feels the slightest doubt about it. ’

HAT‘S THE REASON WHY FOUR BUYERS OUT

of five are buying De Laval (‘ream Separators in 19M and

why the use of De Laval machines will, before long, be nearly as

universal on the farm as‘already is the creamery and milk plant





 





 





 

   





 





use of power or factory separators.





The De Laval Separator C0.





165 Broadway, New York 29 E. Madison St., Chicago





 





 





I 50,000 BRANCHES AND LOCAL AGENCIES THE WORLD OVER l





i

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stock send for

this book. men-

tioning whether





aloz explains fully. FREE—





scnd for it.

Buzzard "HRH“ "II I. SILO 00.

Immune. HIGH.





Ensllage Cutter





— I le—ll t half-cc

IMeE-lgufiplsit q n I mwizrerfgi'ii'r—cub av;

me. W 0 Ice:- vnl .

THI JOB. DICK MPG. 00.. In :4. Canton, 0.





.‘

Minneapolis. Minnesota .

Kansas City. Missouri

No. Fort Worth. Texas





 





alama 20 o

\GENTEB SHEAR GUTTERS





Make best Ensilage at least cost. Patented Cen-

ter Shear feature cfiects a positive shear-cut entire

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friction, greater cutting capacity. decreased expense for

power. Malleable iron (unbreakable) knife wheel. Cat-
570—6





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Established 1843. Copywrizhtl914.





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Editors and Proprietors.





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m, J. LAWRENCE ............. President

M. L. LAWRENCE... Vice-President

E. H. HOUGHTON... ...5cc.—Treas.





l, R. WATERBURY ........ ' ......................... }





 





 

 





 





Assoicate

Editors





BURT VVERMUTH.............................

F. A. WILKEN ........................................

ALTA LA\VSON LIT’I‘ELL ........................





E. H, HOUGHTON .......................... Business Manager





TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:

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Five years 260 issues ............................................ 2.00





 





 





 

 





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Canadian subscriptions 50c a year extra for postage.

Always send money by draft. postoffice money order.

registered letter or by express. We will not be responsible

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and make all drafts checks and postorfice orders payable to.

The Lawrence Publishing Co.





 





We never, unless through error. send The Michigan

Farmer beyond the date subxribed to—our subscription price

being always due in advance, and sample copies always free.

No bills will ever be sent should a subscription through

error be continued after expiration,





RATES OF ADVERTISING:

40cents per line agate type measurement. or $5.60 per

inch ll4 agate lines per inch) per insertion. No adv’t In-

serted for less than $1.20 each insertion. No objection-

able advertisements inserted at any price.

Entered as second class matter at the Detroit, Michigan.

postotiice.





DETROIT, MAY 30, 1914.





 





 





 





Decoration Day, 1914.





“Lest we forget,

Lest we forget.”





As the years roll away and we see

in clearer perspective, the four terri-

ble years of half a. century ago when

the nation was rent in twain in the

black and crimson hurricane of civil

war, the heroic figures of Grant on

the one side, and of Lee on the other,

loom highest on the fighting lines.



And as we look back from this dis-

tance, the one has come to personify

the battle spirit of the North and the

other the battle spirit of the South in

that mighty conflict over which the

great-hearted martyr President, like

a brooding angel spirit, seemed at

last to draw the hearts of all men

after him as a guiding star of good

will toward men.



While Decoration Day, or Memorial

Day, is in honor of all the American

soldier dead, yet the idea of the day

was born of the spirit of that great

civil strife and from that period will

probably always issue its most rever-

ed imagery and its deepest inspira-

tion.



Astounded, even while applauding,

the world gazed upon the historic

field of Gettysburg in the early days

of July last year and beheld the ven-

erable survivors—victors and van-

quished of all history’s most magnifi-

cent charge of fifty years before—re-

peating its great striking incident

without guns or bayonet or cannon:

but with the outstretched arms of

good will and closing with the warm

handclasps of love and loyalty to a

reunited country under one flag.



Among the men who wore the blue

and among the men who wore the

grey, those of the broad minds and

big hearts shared the brotherly for-

giving spirit so admirably displayed

by Grant and Lee, and the former

voiced truly the great American

heart’s most earnest desire, when he

said, “Let us have Peace.”



Grant, the sturdy, the alert, the

isleepless, the comprehensive, whose

great mind carried the myriad sided

problem of a colossal war and in

which the battle was but an incident.

And yet, simple hearted, approachable

and candid, he was Lincoln’s strong

arm, realizing and in heartiest sym-

pathy with his chief’s ‘great purpose

——a reunited people dwelling together

in peace and harmony. -



How characteristic it was of Grant

in fixing the terms of surrender at

Appomattox, to say, “Let them take all

their horses home with them; they

will be needed in the belated Spring

plowing!”





And on the other side is Lee, the





THE .MI‘CHIGAN FARMER





superb, chivalrous, soldierly gentle-

man, the beloved leader, honestly,

courageously, self-sacrificingly, follow-

ing to its ultimatum an unhappily

narrow sense of duty. With what fine

dignity and tender-hearted shrinking

from useless sacrifice of human life,

he accepted the inevitable! No won-

der the South loved him, and the

North respected him!



After the war an insurance com-

pany offered its presidency to General

Lee at a generous salary; the gen-

eral said that he knew nothing of the

insurance business and was told that

they simply desired the influence of

his name as its president, among the

people of the South. How splendid

was Lee’s reply: "If I have any in-

fluence among the southern people or

among any people, it is not for sale.”



Our cover design this Decoration

Day seeks to recall the real spirit that

triumphed in the world’s mightiest

civil conflict; to recall its matchless

leaders—the priceless services to the

nation of one magnanimous and far-

seeing in victory; the exemplary con-

duct of the other in defeatfireturnin'g

without ostentation, to a loyal nation-

al allegiance.



Verily so long as that spirit endures

beneath her folds, Old Glory will

stand for a united nation, invincible

in peace or war.





“God help us to be true,

All truly loyal to

America:

Old Glory ever bright,

For world-wide peace and right

Lead always toward the light

America.”





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





In the collection of

census data, an at-

tempt was made to

determine the av-

erage length of occupancy of farms in

the United States. The resulting data

has been compiled, and a bulletin will

shortly be issued showing the length

of periods of occupancy of farms by

states, geographical divisions and

sections. '



One of the most important facts

shown by this data is that some 52

per cent of all farmers who answered

the questions satisfactorily had occu-

pied their farms less than five years.

In the north 57 per cent of the farm-

ers had operated their farms for five

years or longer, while only 22 per

cent had lived on them for one year

or less. In the country, however,

more than one million farmers re«

ported that they had operated their

farms less than one year, while 628,-

000 reported a residence of one year.

Of course, the moving about is mostly

done by tenant farmers, especially

share tenants, 52.27 per cent of this

class of farmers being reported as

having occupied their farms for one

year or less, and only six per cent of

share tenants had occupied their

farms for ten years or over, while 48

per cent of owners had occupied their

farms for this length of time.



An encouraging feature of these

statistics is the fact that there is a.

much greater stability of occupancy

shown by the farmers of the north

than those of the south or west, a

stability which is reflected in the av-

erage crop yields of the north as com-

pared with either the south or west,

as is proven by figures showing the

average yields in these different sec-

tions of the country. It is clearly

shown by the information gathered

that it is not only better for the in-

dividual farmers but for the commu-

nities in which they live, where pe-

riods of occupancy are comparatively

long. While the stability of the home

owning farm population is necessar~

ily greater in every case than that of

the tenant population, this is an argu-

ment for a longer occupancy of the

same farms by tenants where the

land must be rented at all. This. is

in line with the experience of other

countries, and should _be an incentive

to closer and more businesslike rela-





\





Our Agricultural

Wanderlust.





~





_ county road system.





tions between mm owner and tarm‘

tenant, both of whose .. interests would

he better served by lengthening the

average period of the occupancy of

farm lands. ‘

Since the issue of the

Road 'Bee Day Governor’s proclama-

Advice. tion setting apart

June 4 and 5 as offi-

cial road bee days in Michigan, in—

formation from several points in the

state indicates that in many commu-

nities needed road improvement will

be accomplished by the donation of

labor by public spirited citizens. In

view of this prospect, State Highway

Commissioner Rogers has issued an

open letter to road officials, in which

he offers pertinent advice mostly of

a. negative character. Included in his

letter of advice are several “Don’ts”

as follows:



Don’t try to do too much.



Don’t start more than you can fin-

ish. You cannot build a. macadam

road, nor very long stretches of grav-

el road in two days.



Don’t haul gravel onto roads that

have not been properly graded and

drained.



Don’t plow up long stretches of road

and leave them impassable.



Don’t scrape sods onto the trhveled

roadway and leave them for passing

vehicles to smooth down.



Suggestions as to what may be

done to the best advantage are also

made, such as the removal of logs,

rocks, stumps and stones from the

roadway, the filling of holes, the cov-

ering of spots of sand with clay or

gravel, draining wet places, scraping

off sod margins where they hold wa-

ter in the roadway, the making of

road drags of planks or split logs, and

the perfecting of arrangements for

their use after rains throughout the

season, etc.



Attention is called to the fact that

while all of these things will be of

great value to the roads of the state,

they will not be accomplished unless

the work is well planned and per-

formed under intelligent supervision,

and a plea -is made for the effective

organization of the work in every road

or school district for the purpose of

giving this first state-wide road bee

an honest trial as a means of effect‘

ing needed improvements in the sev—

enty thousand miles of Michigan roads.





. A subscriber asks for

State Reward information as to what

Roads. constitutes a state

road, intimating that

there has been some discussion in his

community as to whether the pay~

ment of the state reward on a gravel

or stone road makes it a state road.

Properly speaking, we have no state

roads. All roads are built and cared

for‘by the townships in which they

are located, or by the county at large

in the case of certain selected main

roads where a county has adopted the

In order to pro‘

mote the building and maintenance

of permanent roads, the state has or-

ganized a State Highway Department

and appropriated funds for the pay-

ment of a fixed reward to the town-

ship or county which builds a perma-

nent road in accordance with certain

specifications, after the road is in-

spected and approved by the state de«

partment. Such state reward roads,

however, remain under the control of

the township or county building them

and must be maintained by the lesser

municipality, the state having nothing

more to do with them. This explana-

tion is made for the benefit of other

readers who, like the inquirer above

mentioned, may not fully understand

the functions undertaken by the state

in the matter of road building.





 





DEALERS PRE'FER ADVERTISED

GOODS.





 





Walk through the store of any live,

up-to-date dealer and‘you will see that

most of his stock is made up of ad.-

vertised lines of merchandise.





' Marco. 1014.”.





The reason for this. is that dealers :





know the advertisedarticleis usually

better than the unknown article, and.





that the advertiser will stand behind





his article and guarantee satisfaction.

This is important to the dealer who

wants to hold his trade, for it relieves

him of much of the responsibility.

Most of» the articles advertised in

the Michigan Farmer can be purchas'

ed of some dealer near you.





 





[HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





National.





The lake steamer W. H. Gilbert was

rammed by the Caldera off Thunder

Bay in Lake Huron last Friday morn-

ing, and the former vessel went down

in four minutes after the crash. The

entire crew of 23 men was saved.



Police-Lieutenant Becker, of New

York city, who was recently tried the

second time for participating in the

murder of Herman Rosenthal in1912,

was found guilty of murder in the

first degree last Friday night.



The gigantic cantilever crane built

by the United States government at

Mare Island, San Francisco harbor,

for shipbuilding purposes at a. cost of

$250,000, burned Sunday morning. Be-

neath the crane was the $2,000,000

war vessel which the government is

building. The vessel was damaged by

the flames.



Colonel Rosevelt, who arrived from

his expedition through South America.

last week, will visit Washington on

Tuesday, call on President Wilson at

the White House, and later deliver a.

lecture on a river he and his party

discovered in the upper Amazon reg<

ion, and on other points observed

during the expedition



Rev. Louis Patmont, a prohibition

lecturer and writer, who mysteriously

disappeared March 31 during a local

option campaign in Westville, Illinois,

was found alive Saturday, a prisoner

in an abandoned farm house 300 miles

away. From his story he had been

cruelly treated. It is believed that

his abductors were enemies whom he

had made during the campaign.



Leslie Clark, chief corporation clerk

in the office of the secretary of state,

was killed in an automobile accident

on May 24.



Charles S. Mellen, former president

of the New Haven railroad, at a hear-

ing the past week, gave the inter-

state Commerce Commission much' in-

side information relative to the ne.

gotiations between that road and the

Grand Trunk a few years ago, point-

ing out that a transaction involving

the use of over $11,000,000 was made

and that he was not allowed to know

what became of the money.



Foreign.



By the end of this week it is ex-

pected that the mediation conference

at Niagara Falls, Canada, will have

reached a plan of settlement of the

differences between Mexico and the

United States. No intimation is yet

given as to the proposals of the dif-

ferent representatives since the ses-

sions are secret. General Carranza.

chief of the rebel forces, refuses to

send an envoy to sit with the others

during the deliberations, but has sent

a message to President Wilson in

which he declares he will be willing

to consider any solution of the Mex-

ican problem which may be decided

upon by the mediators. It is also

hinted that the rebels will stop hos‘

tilities until the conference has are

rived at some conclusion.



The third reading of the British

home rule bill will be made this week

and barring unforseen movements will

become a law, thereby giving to Ire-

land a parliament of its own. The

people of Ulster, a northern province

of ‘Ireland, are determined that the





protestant inhabitants of the island -





shall be excluded from the operation

of the bill and threaten to establish a.

provisional government and mobilize

an army of well-armed volunteers as

soon as the bill leaves the.house of

commons. '

The militant suffragists of England

attracted considerable attention last

week by their attack upon Bucking-

ham palace, where they had gone to

present a petition to the King. On

the following day pictures worth thou-

sands of dollars, and which cannot be

replaced, were destroyed in art gal—

leries of London.

were made through the streets. In

several places near-riots occurred and '

finally Mrs. Pankhurst, the undaunted

leader of the women suffrage move-

ment in England, was arrested. .

A million torches and lanterns il-

luminated Tokio Sunday night as the

body of the Empress Dowager Haruko .

was borne through the streets in a.

beautiful car drawn white oxen.

Francis Kossuth, na ional leader of '

the Hungarians





struggles, died at Budapest Monday _

morning, at. the age of 73.





l‘ .. :il .,





 





 





Sunday parades .





in their politicalx'
V





 





 





 





. t h e remembrance





. the sixties.





 





 





LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY one

INFORMATION





 





 





 

 





b—I‘qus





PUBLISH





DwEEKLY





   

 





 





 





 





Magazine Section





 





97w FARM BOY

an? GIRL



SCIENTIFIC an?



MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





r





This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper every week.





Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





Remembering Those Who Saved Our Land.





the spirit of the soldier of ’61.



He went forth to die, if neces-

sary, that his country might live. He

offered all on the altar of patriotism.

In camp, on the march, at the battle

front, he gave himself a ransom for

his country.



It is not to be doubted that if any

generation before or since were to be

called upon to make the sacrifice, it

would be done. But a gracious prov-

ince has ordained that this has not

been necessary.

Only now and then

are men called‘

forth to war. Oth-

er generations must

construct anew out

of the elements

that pass through

the siege of battle.



But as nature

supplies the ages

with wheat through

the little kernel,

and as she replen-

ishes the forest

with oaks from the

common acorn, so

she protects na-

tions by the spark

of patriotism im-

planted in the

breast of her'peo-

ple. When a crisis

comes this spark

mo unt s into a

flame that would

consume the ene-

my and save the

land. When peace

reigns the spark is

kept aglow with





FOR home and for country” was





W





Her view





of the sacrifice

made by those who

were called.



And what a sac-

rifice it was that

kept us from na-

tional dissolution in

Fath-

ers and the older

brothers were giv-

ing their lives on

the battlefields in





OWW





 





with a feeling that wells up from the

bottom of the heart. And to those

who think and dream of the things

they did, comes a little of its awful-

ness when they run the gantlet of

those terrible struggles. The spirit

of loyalty at Fort Sumpter; the de-

spondency of Bull Run; the victories

of the dauntless little Monitor, at

Forts Henry. and Donaldson; the ter-

rible slaughter at Pittsburg Landing

and Shiloh, at Iuka and Corinth; the

long wait about Vicksburg, and its





0h, weary eyes that closed against the light,

And hands that would have rested for awhile;

Oh, feet that halted long ere fell the night,

And pallid lips that had forgot to smile.





Her life was nearly compassed by her door,





was narrowed to one little pane;





The only news from foreign wave or shore

Her visitors related—wind and rain.





The morrow dawned and brought the olden view,

The selfsame prospect she saw yesterday;



The coming year held nothing strange or new

To while the slow and dreary time away.





Each day was passed alone; there, was no call

Nor laughter of a child, no footstep quick.



Only her ancient timepiece on the wall

Notching the silence with persistent click.





The morning found her anxious for the light

As though some journey waited for her feet

' To lands of great desire; far in the night

Her flaring taper lit the empty street.





And passing there, the stranger would inquire

0f the unvarying light and newly trimmed.

W'hen winter fell how leaped the freshened fire,

The welcome-of the hearth [was never dimmed.





Her daily household cares were bounded by





A circle small;

Nor stocking out at heel and toe, to try

Her patience with a puzzled darn or patch.





there was no lifted latch,





render of Lee at Appomattox—these,





and many other events of the great

war impress every American with the

great saérifice of life, a sacrifice to

save the nation.



“Fold up the banners! Smelt the guns!

Love rules. Her gentle purpose runs.

A mighty mother turns in tears,



The pages of her battle years,

Lamenting all her fallen sons!”



It is altogether fitting, therefore,

that we remember the sacrifice and

do honor to the men and women who

offered themselves up that the nation





WW'NNOWWWWM“





alive for battles yet to come, for bat-

tles of peace, we hope, of war, if

need be.



And while these things mean much

to the men who remain with us from

the time of the great war, the sig-

nificance will be magnified or dimin‘

ished, according as we direct the at.

fairs of the land they saved for us.

There can be no honor in. the tribute

of the pettifogger; no reward in the

words of the damagogue; no recom-

pense in unlawfulness, iniquity and‘

injustice. The cost

has been too great

for the men who

wore the blue to





 





HCI‘ 801(1in LOVCF ALONZSWL. RICE





But there was naught, no mark of sentiment

Within her life to show she once was young;



That she with care-free heart a-Maying went

0r sought the nest gay oriole had swung.





If there was aug_ht, she hid it well from sight,

but one could see

That often in the deep, still noon of night



She sought a rosewood casket, turned the key:





And no one questioned her;





And there were little keepsakes—useless all.

We treasure such for memories they give,

The long lost scenes that they once more recall,

The vanished forms and faces they bid live.





A soldier’s photograph and stained with tears

She held most dear; he was her lover true,



Who left her when began the war-vexed years.

He looked so jaunty, uniformed in blue!





His letters told her that he prospered well:

One more promotion waited soon, and then



A stranger’s hand informed her how he fell

At Stony Point, and leading on his men!





The flight of time with her did not appear,

And patience born of hope she did not lack.



She thought from out the realm of yesteryear,

He would remember and at last come back!





believe that We are

sincere in our ad-

miration of their

courage and valor,

if we at the same

time treat our

country with indif-

ference.



While problems

during times of

peace may not stir

the hearts of men

so deeply as do the

activities of war,

there is need that

they be met with

the same devotion

and patriotism that

prompted the men

of ’61 to answer

the call of Lincoln.

So we may go forth

and build monu-

ments to our her-

oes, rear marble

to the very heav—

ens and inscribe it

with the finest sen-

timent, yet should

we leave the other

undone, dour build-

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and our words hark

back to us as mere

mockery.



We shall bring

to the strong hearts

who yet feel the in-

spiration of the fife

and drum and fall





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the; south.d Hames Her heart was young and warm with the caresses into line as 0f yore,

were n1 a e o- . . -

late. Motheiss The frayed and wrinkled edges of her shawl, He gave at parting, nor we guessed the truth ’ Zillpwgf sclfaiiil Y;

daughters and the A5 in a dream, she smoothed With nicest hand; Who only saw the snow drift in her tresses, : them lean upon our

younger brothers Each day With careful eye she ranged them all, The wrinkles telling of her passing youth. : shoulder; we shall

struggled to fill va- The toys and trinkets on her little stand. } proffer them our

cant places , to ‘ . . . ’ carriage, to take

keep the home sup- There lay her Bible (untouched, unopened now), One eve fell Chm' the l'ght d'd not appear, : them where they

plied with necessi- With spec a-top; it has a few worn leaves The dawn 0f day revealed the saddened truth— i would go; we shall

ties. and to send Where rest fair tresses from a childish brow, For she was dead—his letters lying near— : do whatever we can

fOOd’ clothes and Or else the picture—Ruth among the sheaves. Her Bible open at the Book of Ruth! > t0 lighten their

bandages to the sol- : hearts and ' make

diers in the field. p the declining years

Day after day they WWWOOWWWWOWWD of their lives happy





worked and waited



and watched—hoping and fearing—

hoping that the war would soon close,

or fearing that in the columns of the

missing they might read the names of

those they loved. And the men, they

struggled through trackless swamps,

they swam the streams, they marched

into the mouths of thundering guns,

they lay on fields, suffering from





wounds, they languished and starved.





in prisons, or wasted away in hospi-

tals. Such was the sacrifice. It can-

not be measured, it can only be felt





F

.17.





 





capture; the successful battle at An-

tietam; the repulse at Fredericksburg

and Chancellorsville, and that terrible

crisis at Gettysburg where the nation

was given hope by the success of the

federal troops; then the battle above

the‘clouds, and the complete victory

at Chattanooga; the march to the sea

and northward through the Carolinas;

the capture of Mobile; the fearful

tragedy of the Wilderness; the raid

down the Shenandoah; the struggles

before Richmond, and finally the sur-





might live. And that generations yet

to come may know of the deeds of our

fathers let us build monuments to

their memory. And over the graves

where the great commanders and the

common and the unknown soldiers

lay, may hands of love strew flowers

and upon the waters may blossoms be

spreyl in acknowledgement of our

debt to the men who struggled and

died upon the deep. Let us stir the

blood of youth with their deeds of pa-

triotism that its spark may be kept





and at the same

time we shall whisper to them in

confidence that the work of freedom

which they so courageously began,

shall continue; that what they did

was not done in vain.



So, as we go forth on this Memorial

Day to pay tribute to the soldiers of

the past, let us keep in mind that our

words and acts will have their largest

significance if they stand out in full

relief on a background of faithful ser-

vice for the country they loved. We

must prove our words by deeds.
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N lZA- RME R





Agricultural Conditions in Palestine.





By PROF. ALFRED VIVIAN.





HE’ agriculture of Palestine has

one great handicap and one

great advantage. The handicap



is the divison of the year into a wet

and dry' season. The advantage is

that almost the entire country lies on

imestone.





The rainfall at Jerusalem amounts

to 28 inches annually, but it all comes

during the five or six months from

November to April, after which comes

six months of cloudless sky with dry-

ing sunshine. A better distribution of

the rainfall would work wonders. On

the plains of Jaffa, where water for

irrigation can be obtained, wonder-

ful crops are produced, the oranges

being especially famous. Indeed, many

of the semi-tropical plants can be

grown here. Sugar cane is raised in

limited quantities, but is mostly used

as a confection, and hundreds of men

and boys may be seen chewing pieces

of cane.





It must be confessed that the bare

hills around Jerusalem and from there

to Jericho looked most unpromising

at first, but we noticed here andthere

a grapevine that was flouirshing, and

even on the roughest hillside would

be found an occasional olive tree. Our

guide, who was raised on an Ameri-

can farm and who has lived for sev-

enteen years in Palestine, says that

anywhere upon these hills the olive

and the vine will grow, but that the

number of olive trees is decreasing

yearly instead of increasing. One rea-

son for this is the suicidal taxation

policy of the government. - The taxes

are assessed upon the crop produced

instead of on the land, so a large

crop merely means more taxes. To

make the matter worse the govern-

ment sells to the highest bidder the

right to collect the taxes and fur-

nishes him with soldiers to enforce

the collection. The result is that the

collector demands anything he sees

fit, and the poor native has no re-

course. In many cases the tax on the

olive tree has amounted to more than

the value of the crop, and thousands

of trees have been cut down and sold

for wood because of this fact. This

state of affairs coupled with the easy

going ways of the Arab, has resulted

in agricultural reti‘ogression instead

of progress. The foreigners whose

own government protects them from

such injustice have a better chance

than the native, and a few successful

olive groves have been started With

foreign capital. ‘





The Arab follows the same meth-

ods in vogue in the earliest-Biblical

times. He sows the seed in the fall

on the surface of the ground, and then

goes ,over it with what he calls a plow,

which is nothing more than a stick

with a shovel on it about as wide as

one shovel on an ordinary corn culti-

vator. This works the ground about

two inches deep, and if it jumps a few

feet, or ruris around a weed, or is

turned aside by a stone-why should

he worry about it? Allah is good, and

the crop will come some Way; and he

does not want a crop that is too big

or the tax collector will take it all.





The high natural fertility of the soil

in such places as the field of Rephaim

is shown by the fact that crops have

been grown annually for at least 4,-

000 years with this kind of culture,

without manure of any kind, and while

is no way of telling exactly

what the soil produces, our guide es-

timates the yield of wheat at about

25 bushels to the acre of tillable

ground. One can not but wonder what

the soil would do with good treat-

ment. Perhaps it is a wise provision

of nature to limit the {rainfall filler

the conditions.‘





Such a thing as improving varieties

of olives, fruit, etc., has never occurred





 





to-the Arab. Hie plants. a’twig of alive

or fig from any source; says “It is

from God ;” and that is the end of the

matter. In a way he knows better

than he does, but his own government

discourages him from doing his best.



The Jordan valley could be made a

veritable garden if the river were util-

ized for irrigation. At present the

waters of the Jordan are of value to

no one. Wherever'water is available

the soil of the valley produces re-

markable crops, the oranges being

among the finest in the world. The

storage capacity of the Sea. of Galilee

could be enormously increased at lit-

tle expense, to furnish water to irri-

gate during the dry season, but no

one cares to invest capital under so

capricious a government.



Everywhere, apparently, the prickly

pear cactus willgrow, and it was grat-

ifying to find that the American Col-

oniy had made a short experiment in





feeding the cactus to dairy cows which

was eminently satisfactory. Alfalfa





has also been grown without irriga-





 





. MAY 30, 191%.





tion, producing three cuttings during

the season and living through the

manner drouth. With cactus‘and' a1-

falfa and a better breed of dairy

cows, Palestine can indeed be made a

“land flowing with milk and honey”

for it is already a wonderful land for

the honey bee.





Among the unusual fruits met with

was the “sweet lemon,” 3 fruit much

valued by the inhabitants for its juice,

which resembles in flavor “picnic

lemonade” except that the ice is lack-

ing. Such wonderful grapes asthis

country produces—big, luscious fel-

lows with individual berries larger

than we have seen heretofore; the

bunches often weigh as much as five

pounds. So, while Palestine for the

most part presents a. scene of agricul-

tural desolation, we feel that the pos-

sibilities are there, and perhaps in

good time this much abused country

will be ruled by a power with such

foresight that husbandry will be en-

couraged, and the visitor will see

flourishing fields and olive groves

where now the glaring whiteness of

the limestone rocks dazzle the eye.

The means for the transformation are

at hand.





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A State Declares War on the June Bug.





By VERNE





W0 years ago this spring was



distinguished as the period of



affliction to farmers with the

white grub. The pest was not univer-

sal over the northern states, but cov-

ering large areas the losses were

heavy by reason of the ravages of this

new problem for the farmer.





Perhaps the most extensive losers

were in southern Wisconsin, in the

dairying sections. Here pastures were

killed, fields of sprouting corn turned

yellow and died, and later in the sea-

son potato crops were damaged as

much as 50 per cent. Entire counties

were scourged; in some cases the

areas that were not afflicted were

small. '



This set scientists at work, for it

was realized that if the pests were not

Checked the entire country might in

a few years be brought under its ban.

It was then known that the white

grub was no other than the offspring

of the June bug; that the White grub

is the second manifestation of the

June bug in its three-year cycle. This

year it is a June bug; next year it is

a White grub; the third year it is in

a Chrysalis state (something like a.

coccon) well down in the ground, be-

low the plow.





It' seemed impossible to reach the

grub

tion; the Chrysalis is hard to find, but

the June bug has a way of appearing

in public, although it is claimed by

some entomologists that he makes but

one flight in his life. Then he goes

into the ground and deposits his eggs.



In southern Wisconsin there has

already been noted an unprecedented

number of June bugs, although it is

not quite time for them to appear in

force. And the entomological depart-

ment of the college of agriculture,

Vl'isconsin University, is in the field

with experiments. It has five experi-

ment stations in the sections worst

afflicted two years ago, and one of

these is at Lancaster, in the south-

western corner of the Badger state.



Here the grub did much damage,

destroying pastures and timothy

meadows; killing corn by the town-

ship, and later on gnawing great holes

into half the potatoes that were in

the ground. Already the June bug is

out in numbers to alarm the farmers.

They are watching the experiments

with close interest. .



It has been known right along that

June bugs are attracted by lights in

the early evening. They fly from dark

until about ten o’clock on warm

nights. To catch them, 16 Coleman





with any means of extermina-‘





S. PEASE.





gasoline lamps have been set up on

the farm of W. A. Johnson, two miles

north of Lancaster, and these are

lighted each evening. They are strong

lamps—about 100 candle power. Each

hangs immediately over a large pan

of water—the pan is, as large as‘a.

dishpan, and contains about four

inches of water.



On warm nights great numbers of

the bugs are drawn to these lamps

and a. large percentage of them are

drowned. These 16 lamps are set at

different points on an 80-acre tract.

There; are great numbers of the bugs

in that vicinity, as is evidenced by

the almost entire destruction of the

foliage on cottonwood trees, a variety

of leaves of which the bugs seem to

be fond. Later on we shall give more

news about the result of the experi-

ments.





 





SINCE FATHER WENT AWAY.





 





BY MILDRED M. NORTH.





There’s an emptiness that's every-

where, heartache hard to bear,

We look and listen for him once

again,

I shall wait in vain to see him with‘

the cattle at the bars,

And the horses and the wagon in

the lane.

Sometimes I half forget he’s gone—-

in fancy I recall

The one through'all my life so kind

- to me—

And then it all comes back again, I

miss him.more and more,

I yearn with aching heart his face

to see.





Robins and the bluebirds return with

sunny Weather,

But his voice and face we miss

them every day,

Each day at morning prayer we miss

him when we kneel together;

It is So very lonely since father

went away.





There’s “a rest” for all God’s faithful

ones, a balm for every pain,

There’s strength for every burden

every day;

There is comfort for each heartache,

and a help for every trial

But how we miss him since he went

away!

We miss his step at evening when the

long day’s work is done,

We miss his voice at morning in

the prayer,

Each corner of the dear old, farm

speaks silently of him,

We miss him, 0, we miss. him,

everywhere!





Seems as if the Springtime had lost

its sunny weather,

It seems as if the roblns sing less





gay,

But still I will be thankful we were

so long together

Although it’s very lonely sincefath-

, «81' went away.
MAY ‘30. 1914.





By CHARLES





 





THE; MICHIGAN FARMER ' 94573





How Unselfish Service $23133 TRouble VietOI'Y- . A Notch in 8 Right Place





HE Reverend Norman Stanley re.

T turned to the parsonage discour-



aged. Soliciting funds for phil-

anthropic purposes is a hard task un-

der ideal conditions, but in a new

town like Bingham where the people

have many investments they are anx-

‘ious to make when they have the nec—

essary money, the work is doubly

difficult. Out of seventeen men called

upon, $110 was subscribed toward the

new church building. He had expect-

ed that these seventeen men would

be sponsor for one-half the $1,500 re-

quired. '



“Here is some chicken broth. Mr.

Matthews called just after noon and

presented us with a fine fowl, neatly

dressed, He said Mr. Gray, the old

soldier, was very 111 out on his ranch

and that he would like to haveyou

call.” These words from Mrs. Wil-

liams,rwith‘ whom the minister lived,

caused the latter to forget his trou-

bles, to hastily eat his evening meal

and begin his long ride into the coun-

try to see the old soldier.



It was the last week of May and

preparations had been made for hold-

ing Memorial Day services. Mr. Stan-

ley had consented to'participate in

the program. The details of the ser-

vices had been undertaken by Rever-

end Martyr, who had recently come

from somewhere, to organize another

church society in the little town. Not

only had the pronounced tendency of

the latter to get his work before the

public proven something of a barrier

to the building plans of Reverend

Stanley, but persistent attention to

lovely Miss Reynolds, a young‘ lady of

rare talents, was causing the gossips

to declare that the new man would

not only destroy the professional am-

bitions of Mr. Stanley, but would also

win from him the love of Miss Rey-

nolds to whom he was engaged.



On the day of the exercises families

from everywhere for miles around

turned out to pay tribute to the old

soldiers. The mayor of the town pre-

sided. Several other officials, promi-

nent business and. profeSsional men,

Miss Reynolds, who was to sing, and

the Reverend Martyr occupied seats

on the platform. The young mission-

ary looked as if he thought all his

conquests were to be made complete

that day. He sat close by Miss Rey-

nolds and from his seat watched the

rapidly gathering throngs with great





eagerness. When at last the people





had been seated and the Old soldiers

filed in and took their places, the

mayor arose and said: “This is a

great occasion of which we are justly

proud. No one can commend too

highly the work of the Reverend Mr.

’Martyr. He has graciously asked the

other clergyman of the town, Mr.

Stanley, to open these exercises with

prayer, and also to speak of the great

memories which cluster around this

sacred day.” Will the Reverend Stan-

ley lead us in prayer?”



There was no immediate response

as the mayor of Harvey sat down.

Mr. Martyr was about to explain that

Mr. Stanley was absent, when John

Prescott hurriedly took a place in

front of the stage on which the mayor

and the other prominent people were

seated.



“The roll has called for Mr. Stan-

ley,” he said. “I am not much gifted

at praying, nor could I ever hope to

fill the place of such a man as he is.

But as a soldier who took part in the

battle of Gettysburg, and many others

of our nation’s great struggles, I feel

that I ought to respond when the

name of Norman Stanley is called.

For the last four days he has spent

nearly every moment with the brav-

est soldier living in our township,

‘ Horace Gray, on his claim eight miles

from town. As Mr. Gray stood firm

: and true by my side on so many bat-

i tle fields, so this young man, the son

of another brave soldier, is standing

'1 by his bedside. Before we leave this





-Gray. I pledge one hundred more,





place our comrade may meet his God, ,

in whom he trusts. He urged the And what it means to





minister to come here, but he could .

not move him; he will stand by him the man Who wears “5130”





to the last.”



John Prescott paused to wipe away

his tears which were falling fast.

Then, in the breathless hush which

lay on the great concourse of people





 

 





before him, he went on: “Some men

try to do great things to keep .

the eyes of men upon them. Such





men as Norman Stanley, by giving

their lives for the sake of our na4

tion’s heroes, think not of the world’s

applause. They will serve God and



His soldiers. And on a day like this T

it is right for us to crown such men

as the heroes they are. This young





IIE comfortable fit of a Clothcraft N0. 5130 Blue Serge

Specral is due to care in little things.



Little notches in the edges of patterns for instance.

Those notches are not put in by guess-work. Their position





Eilnlster 0f ours has worked hard to is calculated to a fraction of an inch. And every piece of

mid a church here. Fourteen nun- cloth cut from the pattern has a tiny notch in exactly the

dred dollars is lacking of that sum. same place.



I hold inmy hand two hundred dollars When the parts that form coat and lining are sewed

that have been given me for this pur- together, the little notches must correspond—not more

pose at the slight mention of this ’ 0‘ 1055, hit abSOIUfCIY-



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miss methods.





It’s just one of several hundred improvements in individ-

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Drop in at the Clothcraft Store and try on one of the

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Write for the new Style Book and a personal note

of introduction to the nearest Clothcrait dealer.





though I am only a struggling towns-

man like the rest of you, and—”



“Hear, hear!” rose from every part



of the vast crowd, mingled with hur-

rahs, and shouts, “We’ll give!”

. When silence had in a measure been

commanded by the old soldier he

said: “One thing more before you

have the chance to make this a most

sacred Memorial Day by your gifts,

Our minister, Normal Stanley, has put ”

off his marriage day for the sake of

having this church built, and also

that he might be with this dying com-

rade of mine. I move you, sirs, that

we raise enough money to build forl

this man a good parsonage that hel

may know that We never want a pa-'

triot like him to leave us. You know

well the noble woman whom he loves,

and that she is as ready as he to help

in every good work.”



John Prescott would have spoken

much more out of his full heart, but

the mayor rose and said, in the deep

enthusiasm which the old soldier had

imparted to every one of his listen-

ers: “Let us do these things. And

let us also begin to build the church





 

 

 





 





 





 





 





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fil'gl :51 an I): ges 0 iun :9 0 Comfort—The Kumfort Kushion Seat, low saddle position, drop forged

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their donations they started towards gardless of road conditions,





 





   

 

 

 

 

   

   

 

 

 

   

   





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AM: MAKES Goon





 





 





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strong current of patriotic thought EXCELSIOR MOTOR 7—2—16 Un'on St.

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SERVICE





 

 





 





 





 





A MEMORIAL GIFT.





 





a

BY L. M. THORNTON.

Because I love you well, oh Sweet-

heart mine,

I weave a wreath of bay,

For one who sleeps beneath aspread-

ing pine

This many a by-gone day.

Oh, long ago, ere I had opened eyes

Upon this world his journeyings

were o’er

But one, perchance, who loved him,

sorrow-wise

VVept at the knowing he would come

no more.

Because I love you well, oh Sweet-

heart mine,

I bear this wreath of bay

For one who sleeps no friend or kin-

dred near -

On this Memorial Day.

Oh, long ago, upon a field of strife

Death called while trumpets blarg}

and. bugles blew, -





 





 

 

 

 

 





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So I, 1wfho hold you clearer than my

1 e ‘ . . v

In this place cr ml the dead I never ,

knew. 9 When Writing to advertisers please mention The Michigan Farmer.
57 4--10





THEVMICHIGAN‘ FARMER





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





VVomaI] and Her





Nfiear





L MAY ‘30, 1914.





 





 





 





 





At Home am) Elisewl’) ere





 





 





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In What Spirit Do You Work?





0 you remember that story in

D our old fourth readers about



the old clock which suddenly

stopped for no apparent cause? Ev-

erything was all right with the works

but the pendulum absolutely refused

to move. When weights, hands and

dial demanded the reason the pendu-

lum announced that he had been fig-

uring up just how many times he

would have to swing in the next 50

years and the thought tired him so

he couldn’t go on. Already he had

been swinging back and forth a half

century and wasn’t a bit tired, but

the thought that he would have to

swing a few million times more in the

next 50 years disheartened him so

that he simply refused to budge. The

wise old face, which had been look-

ing out upon the world and forming

sane conclusions as to life, hereupon

called to the pendulum’s mind the

fact that he would only have to make

one oscillation at a time, and asked

him to try one and see if it tired him.

The pendulum tried it, and not being

tired, agreed to keep on swinging un-

til he was, whereupon things resumed

the even tenor of their way.



I wonder how many housekeepers

got up this morning feeling exactly

like that pendulum did when he

struck? There were so many oscilla-

tions ahead for today and tomorrow

and all the unknown tomorrows that

the mere thought of them shriveled

the weary housewife up and left her

weak and helpless. Breakfast to get,

children to hurry off to school, rooms

to tidy, meals to cook, washing, bak-

ing, mending, spring sewing, house—

cleaning, gardening, chickens, you

know all the rest that space forbids

me to mention. And it settles down

around you in the morning and leers

at you and nags you to come on and

get rid of it. You forget, don’t you,

that you’ve only to do one thing at a

time,.and that “according to thy days,

so shall thy strength be?” I know I

do, inspite of all the good advice I

courageously write for others. Women

are prone to over—estimate the import-

ance of their own work, and to feel

that the whole universe is going to

smash if the thing in which they are

interested does not go through ac-

cording to schedule. Part of it is due

to nerves, but a still larger part to

the fact that we fail to catch the

larger vision.



After all, life is something more

than work. Work is, of course, a

highly necessary thing, and most of

us can’t live without it in some form.

But the spirit in which we work is of

more importance than the task we do.

If we look upon our work simply as a

disagreeable something which must

be gotten out of the way, something

to be sighed over and hated, then it

becomes to us a tyrant. But if we

go to it with the idea that it is a gift

to be enjoyed it becomes our best

friend.



Not all of us can paint a beautiful

picture, but with the aid of a scrub

brush, scouring powder, hot water and

soap we can make a picture of our

workshop, the kitchen, and get as

much enjoyment out of wielding the

scrub brush as a half-starved, garret

painter does from making the daubs

he has hard work to sell. We may





not be able to sing divinely, but the

song of a steaming kettle on our clean

shining stove is much more alluring

to a hungry man than any aria. Our

work, the homely work of the house-

keeper, may be to us drudgery or

praise, according to the spirit in which





 





 





 





 





 





fi





we approach it. We can enjoy each

task as it comes, making of it an act

of worship, or we can let it turn us

into irritable shrews, who rush fran-

tically about from morning until night

with never a thought higher than the

work table over which we bend.



One task at a time, and that done

thankfully, let this be your working

motto. DEBORAH.





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A Herb Garden for the Farm Home.





By MANTHEI HOWE.





cooking. and prides herself on

_ skill in the housewifely arts,

should own an herb garden. The

country gentlewoman should be es-

pecially in favor of an old-fashioned

garden of this kind, for a bit of the

right herb changes the whole flavor

of what might otherwise have been

rather a flat meat or soup dish.





There are about 30 herbs that are

the popular choice with gardeners for

use as scents, flavorings and as medi-

cines. But of course the woman on

the farm will not care to grow all of

these varieties. There are some, how-

ever, that she will not want to do

without. One consolation for the busy

housewife is the fact that an altogeth-

er satisfactory garden is possible

without the expenditure of much time

or work. About half of the herbs are

perennial and the work in the begin-

ning will do for many years with a

little attention in the way of fertiliz-

ers each year.



Many of these herbs may be plant-

ed as edgings to borders or may be

grown beside the paths or walks. Per-

sonally I like a bed given over entire-

ly to the herbs. They are thus the

more easily gathered and cared for

when at maturity. ,



Such a garden requires a rich, well-

worked soil. The seeds are to be

sown in the spring, the latter half of

May in the temperate zone is about

right. Make shallow drills about a

foot apart and sow the seeds. When

the plants are up two or three inches

thin out the rows.



The following list gives the usual

favorites of the housewife:



Anise, for garnishing and flavoring;

*balm, lemon scented, used in mak-

ing a tea; sweet basil, for flavoring

soup; bene, used as a medicine; bor-

age, for bees; caraway, used in breads

and cookies; castor oil bean, used

medicinally and very frequently grown

merely as an ornamental plant for the

garden; *catnip, has a medicinal use

and is the favorite of cats; chamo-

mile, recalls the chamomile tea of our

grandmothers; *chive, mild onion

flavor; coriander, seeds sweet smell-

ing, used in cooking; cumin, for pig-

eons; dill, used in pickles; *sweet

fennel, the leaves are liked in sauces;

horehound, the name suggests the old-

fashioned remedy for “colds;” *laven-

der, the most delightful and fragrant

of herbs used as a scent; *pennyroy-

al, medicinal; *peppermint, one of the

well known flavorings; ,*rosemary, a

seasoning; *rue, supposed to be use-

ful for roup in fowls (not a pleasant

smelling herb); saffron, a flavor;

*sage, one of the best liked flavorings

for meats, sausage and poultry; *sum-

mer and winter savory, to be used in

soups, meat and vegetables; *sweet

marjoram, leaves are used for flavor-





EVERY woman who likes good





ing; *tansy, used medicinally, has an

odor that is not liked by many; spear-

mint, another well known flavor; tar-

ragon, not a favorite with those hav-

ing only a small garden; *thyme, a

broad-leaved, English, pleasantly

scented herb used for seasoning;

French thyme, for seasoning; *worme

wood, bitter medicinal.



The herbs marked with a * are

perennials.



If I might choose but five herbs for

my garden I should take the follow-

ing named in the order of their use-

fulness: Summer savory, chive, lav-

ender, sage and thyme. ‘Not being as

fond of sage as many people are, I

should even be willing to get along

with just the first three if garden

space was at a premium. But those

I should have if I had to plant them

in several plots, each no larger than

a handkerchief, for they make all the

difference in the world in the palata-

bility of food. .



Chive, of course, is best when used

freshly cut and not dried, as are most

of the others. It is a most appetizing

addition to salads if one likes an on-

ion flavor. It can be grown in the

window garden in the winter and

when served finely cut, in c'abbage,

potato, lettuce, or tomato salad, it

gives a tang with none of .the un-

pleasant feature of minced onion. It

is decidedly worth any extra effort in

growing it.



Summer savory is the herb that, of

all others, I should not like to do

without. I depend on the dried herb

all through the winter months, and

with its help ring pleasing changes

on the beef and pork dishes. The

Germans put up (or dOWn, if you

please), a few sprigs of this herb and

pole beans in a brine. These deli-

ciously flavored beans are then cook-

ed with fresh pork and boiled pota-

toes. It makes a meal that is an ap-

preciated change from the usual pot-

roast dinner. A sprig of the savory

in soup, pot roast, stewed or boiled

vegetables gives a flavor to be obtain-

ed in no other way. And if you once

acquire the liking for herb flavors in

the food you will not care to go back

to the old savorless recipes.



Everyone is familiar with the use

of thyme and sage as flavorings.





Perhaps lavender cannot be called

useful in the ordinary acceptance of

the word. It is not used in food but

it is nevertheless one of the most

worth-while herbs in the garden.

When growing it is beautiful; and

dried, its clean and wholesome scent

makes a joy 'of a trip to the linen

drawer. It requires somewhat more

shade than the other herbs and since

it is not quite so hardy it should have

a light covering during the Winter

months. _ »



To get the best results with your





 





herbs that you intend to keep for

winter use, cut them on a dry day,

and either spread out on a paper to

dry or do as our grandmothers did,

tie them in loose bunches. and hang

them up in an airy sunny attic. If

they do not dry quickly and are not

placed so as to allow a free circula-

tion of air they are apt to mildew and

rot.



There is a paradoxical saying that

the best time to prepare, for Christ‘

mas is the day after. The carefully

planned herb garden will furnish sug-

gestions and material for gifts to be

made by the generous country house-

wife. Here are just a few of the pres-

ents that the city woman would ap-

preciate more than anything that you

can buy for her in city stores in

December: .



A gay cretonne work bag contain-

ing lavender for the dresser drawers.

Cretonne or silk pillows scented with

lavender. Cretonne bag to protect the

best waist or dress, with little bags of

lavender sewn around the top of the

hem on the inside.



A paper or cloth-covered box divid-

ed into three compartments contain-

ing dried summer savory, sage and

thyme or sweet basil. With this gift

you might very well send a tiny cook-

book. It may be no more than an en-

velope with the slips of paper for the

various dishes, but whatever form

you decide on let it contain some of





your best recipes in which you make





use of these flavoring herbs.





The small glasses used for peanut

butter might be used to hold the herbs

and a Christmas sticker and a gay la—

bel on each, would make three or a

half-dozen of these a. gift that will

make the city woman rise up and

call you blessed.



If it has not far to go you might

even send a clump of chive from

your kitchen garden. If you Wrap a.

cheery red paper abou the plantpot,

the green of the herb and the red of

its wrapper will make a gift in the

true Christmas colors.



This has probably suggested dozens

of other ideas that are adapted to

your especial needs, but if you are to

have these herbs to use next Christ-

mas you must prepare your garden

and sow the seeds now. .





CLOVER LEAF. INSERTION.





 





With both threads make 7 d s; with

1 thread make 6 d s, 1 p, 2 d s, 1 p, 2d

s, 1 p, 4 d s, draw up as closely as pos—

sible, make 4 d s and join in 3rd picot

of1stloop,2ds,1p,2ds,1p,2

d s, 1 p, 2 d s, 1 p, 4 d s, close ring;

4dsjointolastp,2ds,1p,2ds,

1 p, 6 d s, close ring. With both





'\





 





threads make 7 d s, 1 p, 7 d s; then A





with one thread proceed with another

clover leaf joined to the first as illus-

trated. To insure having both rows

the same side out when finished, work

back to beginning instead of begin-

ning at first end to do the second row

row.-L. S. G.
MAY '30. 19.14.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





11—575





 





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TH E COST OF DESTRUCTIVE

H A W K S .





 





When we see a large-sized hawk

soaring above, we seldom realize how

many dozen, or perhaps hundreds, of

small or partly grown chickens it has

carried away, which means a “dead

loss’ to the farmer or poultry raiser,

of $5 to $10 annually.



Since I‘have been upon a farm I

am sure that we have lost this

amount of chickens each season by

the ‘pesky hawks, especially here, in

Michigan, where there are so many

shade trees for them to hide and

nest in.



Hawks Cause Great Loss.



This last season we had pretty good

luck with our chickens and did not

lose many in this manner, for the fact

that a neighbor swore vengeance on

these destructive birds, killing 40 or

50 old and young ones which were

carrying off all the chickens around

here. For this reason our loss was

the smallest we ever have had and

we sold $80 worth of young fowls.



Figuring. on a basis that each farm-

er’s loss is $5 per season from hawks

and owls, and with each township

having 280 farms of 80 acres each, it

will mean $1,400 loss to,each town-

ship, and about $28,000 to each coun-

ty. When you come to figure that

Michigan has 40 counties or more,

that are thickly settled, the loss in

this state is enormous and will foot

up to over a million dollars annually

that is a useless dead loss to farmers

and poultry producers. This great

loss, with many others, helps to create

the higher cost of living and is a use-

less burden on the whole country. If

each state would provide a suitable

bounty of 50 cents for old and 25

cents for young, on this destructive

class of birds, it would be but a few

years before they would be nearly all

destroyed and the helpless, innocent

little chickens would be left unharm-

ed, to grow and be beneficial for our

thanksgiving.



Washtenaw Co. B. F. WASIIBURNE.





 





THE CHICKEN HAWK.





 





The name chicken hawk covers a

multitude of hawks, harmless and

harmful. We are liable to call any-

thing in the shape of a hawk that is

flying within sight of a poultry yard

a chicken hawk. We immediately

get a gun and pop it to them, killing

a friend instead of an enemy. It is

not, as many think, the large soaring

hawks which cause the damage, but

the small restless kind.



Of the half dozen hawks called

chicken hawks, only two are of any

serious consequence. These are the

Sharp-shinned hawk and the Cooper’s

hawk. The Sharp-shinned is some-

times called the Sparrow hawk, but

this name is also applied to the little

falcon, which is about the same size.

The little falcon is a valuable bird to

the farmer, while the Sharp-shinned

hawk is very destructive to small

chickens.



The Tw0 Moat Destructive Hawks.



The Cooper’s and the Sharp-shinned

hawks are somewhat similar, though

the Cooper’s hawk is larger and heav-

ier boned than the Sharp-shinned and

the end of its tail is rounded instead

of square, as in the case of the Sharp-

shinned hawk. Both of these birds

are very restless, but not very noisy.

They fly swiftly and quietly from

place to place looking for their prey

instead of perching and wheeling aloft

like the buzzard hawks do.



Which Hawks May be Legally Killed?



They come swiftly down upon their

prey, and when they once visit a poul-

try yard they become frequent visitors

until they are killed. Besides preying

upon chickens they take small birds,





insects, mice and other small mam-

mals. ‘ ~



These two species are the only ones

which may legally be killed at any

time in this state. The law seems to

be a good one because most of our

other hawks are highly beneficial.



The Cooper’s hawk is probably the

most common of the two and is the

common chicken hawk of most farm-

ers. It is found here at all seasons of

the year, except probably, the two 0r

three coldest months, while the

Sharp-shinned hawk is one which

migrates.



Among the other hawks which are

sometimes called chicken hawks, are

Red Tail and Red Shoulder hawks.

The Red ‘Tail hawk occasionally gets

bad habits and attacks poultry, but

such occurrences are rare, as their

favorite food is mice, squirrels, rab-

bits, etc. When it attacks poultry

like the others, it makes successive

visits. The Red Shouldered hawk is

called the Hen hawk on account of

its appearance, being similar to the

chicken hawks. However, it is a

friendly hawk as it never attacks the

poultry, its favorite food being tree

squirrels.





MORE THINGS TO PLANT FOR

THE POULTRY.





 





In the issue of the Michigan Farmer

for May 9, 1914, was an excellent arti-

cle entitled, “Things to Plant for the

Poultry.” The following notes are in

the nature of a supplement to Mr.

Chesley’s suggestions, all of which

are good. '



Here in California, where we have

had a chicken ranch, we have learned

of several things which are fine to

grow for the benefit of the chickens,

either young or full-grown. Here, of

course, the long, dry summers make

it especially necessary to grow green

food if the hens are to be kept laying

and the growing stock to be put in

good condition for their future work.

But the same method could well be

pursued in any part of the country

where the owner of the chickens has

only a limited run for his flock.





Chickens Fond of Kale.



One thing that is widely grown in

California on purpose for chicken

greens is kale (catalogued also as

borecole). The variety chiefly used

is the Jersey kale, a smooth-leaved

variety growing three or four feet tall.

Sometimes the curly variety (the

Scotch), is used, which is very orna-

mental, but no better for the chickens

than the other. The kale is gener-

ally sown in garden rows, and culti-

vated like any garden crop, and the

lower leaves are picked or cut off and

thrown to the hens, who are very

fond of it.



Swiss Chard Especially Liked.



Another kind of greens of which

the chickens can never get too much

is Swiss chard. The young chicks es-

pecially are wild for the tender leaves,

preferring it even to lettuce, and if

the family is fond of greens on the

table, you had better plant a large

patch of this, for it is delicious cook-

ed and served like spinach (and the

midribs like asparagus), so the chicks

are likely to be deprived of their fair

share. This also can be used by cut-

ting off the large outer leaves, and

letting the others grow, though it nev~

er gets tall like the kale, but spreads

out instead.



Essex rape is the third variety of

chicken greens that I have in mind.

It would be a good seed to sow in the

yard method recommended by Mr.

Chesley. We sowed it mixed with

wheat, broadcast, and when it was

about a foot high turned the chickens

in and let them eat it to suit them-

selves. As it likes cool weather, gov-

ern your time for sowing accordingly.

Both the other greens mentioned are

sometimes grown in yards for the

chickens to help themselves, but they

never give them a chance to grow

very large. . EDITH G. HAWKES.





 





 





   

 

 

   





' - 11:, SELF snarmcfl

Youiliic Proud onoiir-(sg, a,” -. I





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799-801 Woodward Ave., Detroit, Mich.

Michigan Distributors for Briggs-Detroiter Co.——Detroit





 

 





 

 





 





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





 





 





 





. I HICKS—W h' th d h .

M I0 hlg a n w h Ito cad a r Corders now 190:algrinfieldgli‘ve‘i'gé$riggfillwa§§$i§lfg





Free booklet. Freeport iimherv. Box is. irreenon, Mien.

FENCEPOSLS was. sissfmwmv





. . on: em-

for sale. lb for 31:” for 81.50: 50 for .50.

COLON O. LILLIE. Ooopenville. Mich.





 





POULTRY.





 





—-From the Bradley strain for

merican Standard—F. & W. Indian Runner‘Ducks Barred P. "(Wk E8 3 Hatching at. 31.50 per setting.

AOrystal White Egg strain. it. C. Reds Prize Wlnulnl A. A. PATTUL 0. Deokervllle, Michigan.





. ‘ ‘ 1.3. C H.“ .N h‘ll.fl‘h.

“an“ A” L93” “° °’ ""m“ ‘9 " ° '° ARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS—Cookerels all sold.





Have some nice iillets ' d ye li h . E

EGGS F'Om ”“9 2ng WM“ ‘fgmggggteggsm for hatching. osTi‘iANDn‘iiIBiidd.rigori’élyl Mill-i:





MR E. S'h‘i‘é‘fibp I: k ”in ' M' h‘

. . . . ‘ 6 es a. lo 1 an, 7

3 “ " “ agicv £28. 0333WH13E5‘11EGH0RN CIOCKERELS.

' ' ' —- ‘ t d. “09 . an 93:0 - nice eggs. 8 per setting.

Pins (irosi While Orpingions Pfifiié‘éiff‘ei‘i’ggfi... .John Mchcou. Station A- ii. 4. Bay City. moms“.

' I





half price after June hit. MRS. WILL S ROUGH. '

EGGS Hill insulin-stir. (silage-531,333;





Pine Crest. Farm, Royal Oak, Michigan.

pos pa .

BUELL BROS. Ann Arbor. Michigan





 





 





 





 





' —81.50 and 82.50 for settin

3. c. B. Minorca Eggs of 15. A few choice fallboarsg.

Satisfaction guaranteed. R. W. Mills, Saline. Mich.





 





TTENTw:——Olut pgices cg egfllhfroknl SrS’HTtv’G‘fiigél'

B. 0. its as orn. . 00 s. awn ‘ e . -—i . . . ,

runners balance season. Circular. Reg. Holstein Bull 3. 0. While Leghorn: é;§%g§guigg'msh‘ilg‘z'eaifgij

ready for service. Riverview Farm. ll. No. 8. Vassar. Mich. experience breeding Leghorns. Hatching. e 8 $4

. . . Mar 100. Day old chicks $10. after June 15 g per



INOLET BARRED ROCKS—rho Winnin and lay~ 00. A. O. HOWARD, R. R. No. 4, Tecumseh, Mich.

R ing strain. Birds of quality & size. Eggs 1.01 per 13.





 





M. B. Turkey 0 “selected mating $2.00 per 10. Years ILVER, White and Golden Wyandottes. E , f



0r aXperianB- walnv‘ew Stock 1‘ ann- Homeo- MLCh' SWllites 51.50 per 15. $2.50 per fill. Silvers & (ioldeiis Efzathrlzl:



. ["1065- BTOWHiHH'S Wyandcttc Farm. Portland. Michigan,



PLYMOUTI} Rock cockerels 5 to 11 lbs.. according to

age. hens :) to 8 lbs.. 1:) ages 31; Mammoth Bronze Willi. windows—Egg“ from best pens $2 per 15; $6





 





Tom Turkeys 8 to 35 lbs. according to age. Price $8 per 50; 310 e 100. f 3 .

to $25, 10 eggs 83. A. E. ORAMTON. Vassar. Mich. per 15. avid Ray, 202 Forest $59.. ngilgntfiei‘dflidh?





STANDARD BRED RJ. REDS Docs.





Rose 8: Sin ie Comb. S. L. Wyandcttes. Pearl Guineas.

" W. f B. D





11. & . ucks. Eggs (show quality) 32 per

15. (goodfrade) 32.2512" 3&- hAi“ eggs sent I[greedby 0X and 0 0"" s

P. . t . b. 0 1c an on ry me or



P yrs su FRENCH





given to eachFXigt§inéenL at t fifiulll’r at



POULTRY . u as on. c I tan. . . , ,

oi the but English sirain in America

40 years experience in breeding





F0" S‘LE'“PCkln DUGkS and R. 0- Bf. Leghorn these fine hounds for my own





EGGS $1 per setting: $5 per 100 s .

CLAUD A BETTS. H LL DALE. D CHIGAN, port. Save Your pigs sheen and

I I S u poultry. Send stamp for catalog.





Barred line” a, 15 For $1.50, 100 For $7. _ T- 3- HUDSPETH.

w. 0. corn“ . a. No. 6. Benton Harbor, Mich Sibley, Jackson County, Mo.

_ h R k, B d-t -L . ~

EEG-Hi" mailf°frshw$°iéf $215338: 30. '° ° “y Hounds {gifififltii‘filrii’igig‘c’in’ Silsilanii Ponly Mam

EGG-A- AY Pou try Ranch. Marshall. Mich. Send 20 stamp. W. E. LECKY. Holmesvil e. Ohio.





 





 





 





 





 





   





 





 





 





 





E M Eué‘v [:3





Sections. Fjoundation, Bee Veils. Smokers, a complete line of supplies for has keepers,

ready for immediate shipment. 40-page catalogue free. Bees Wax Wanted.





A. G. WOODMAN 00.. Dept. M. F.. Grand Rapids. Michigan.





as: iiivrs, SEGTIOIS, nanny BASKETS

5





Comb Foundation. and CRATE

etc. We sell everything for the Send for price list. We 3011200

been. Also Bees and Queens. Oata- Wax-lined Paper Berry Baskets

log free. Beeswax Wanted. for 81 post paid.





I. ll. HUNT I. 00!, Box 525 lAlSlNG, MIGH.
= 576—12





3





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Farm Commerce.





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THEIMICHIGA'N FARME'R





n= IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIlIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|II|I|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII





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LJI





Knowledge of Resources Helps in Marketing.





WIDE knowledge of crop condi-



tions is the first essential to in-



telligent marketing of farm pro-

ducts. Generally speaking, trading

depends upon supply and demand, and

since the demand for staple products

amounts to practically the same year

after year, (allowing for the increase

of population), a careful survey of the

supply gives one rather definite ideas

as to what prices should be. If the

crop is large over the entire country,

then it is expected that prices will be

lower, and on the other hand, if the

yield and acreage are small the price

is quite surely to be above normal.





Dealers in grains spend much mon-

ey to get accurate information on the

growing crops. They have local rep-

resentatives throughout the entire

grain producing section to keep them

informed on any changes in the pros-

pects. They hire experts who are

sent out to study some uncertain fac-

tor that means much to future mar-

keting. Then, too, they maintain

agents in those foreign countries that

produce grain to come in competition

with grains grown here. Through

these and other agencies, business

men are able to have the best infor-

mation on the outlook of the different

crops, and on this information they

base their decisions to buy or sell.





But such information is equally

helpful to the farmer. It aids him in

deciding to sell immediately, or to

hold his supplies until a later date. If

the crop of pigs is small a producer

is more likely to make shoats into

heavy hogs than he would if the com-

ing supply was reported to be unusu-

ally large and feed promised to be

plentiful. '



So the farmer should be urged to

make a careful study of conditions,

not simply at the moment of selling,

but throughout the growing season.

It frequently happens that a sin-

gle crop report is misleading. “An

improvement in crop conditions” does

not necessarily mean that the crop

promises to be above normal, indeed,

the state of the crop may be very

low, even though it is improved over

what it was a month earlier.. By at-

tention tomany reports at different

periods of the growing season, one is

quite certain to understand what “an

improvement in crop conditions” sig-

nifies. So it is important that the

farmer should study from now on to

acquaint himself with the status of

crops throughout the country that he

may be better prepared to talk to the

buyer when the time to sell is here.



There are several sources of infor-

mation published. The different states

and the federal department of agricul-

ture send out monthly reports on crop

conditions. These are comprehensive

and dependable. They will form a

good basis for a therough understand-

ing of prospects. Co-operative socie-

ties frequently issue information on

those crops in which they are par-

ticularly interested. These should be

sought. Then the farmer’s own paper

brings to him letters from farmers

themselves, stating just how things

look in the particular localities from

which the letters are posted. These

message direct from the farm are in-

valuable. They are written by men

who understand crops and are able to

judge them. They come every week

and are full of news that can be read-

ily interpreted by farmers them-

selves. The enlarged crop and mar-

ket note service instituted by the

Michigan Farmer within the past year

will go far in bringing its readers to

a full knowledge of crop conditions in

those states competing with Michigan.



We urge farmers, therefore, to take





advantage of these means of gaining

valuable knowledge on the progress

of crops in different sections. To aid

in this educational campaign there

will be given in this journal in con-

nection with the state and federal

crop reports and the hundreds of let-

ters from farmers all over the north-

ern states, general reviews of the con-

dition of important crops from week

to week.





 





CITY MARKETS IN MICHIGAN.





 





Jackson expects to have its new

market building completed and open

to the public by July 1. Stalls for

the temporary market have been en-.

closed and will open soon. The new

building will be of steel construction

52x165 feet, with a double row of

stalls into which the farmers may

back their loads. A bond issue Was

voted by the city for these improve-

ments. The market which Opened

last fall was operated successfully

under the plan of free stalls for pro-

ducers only and with no business at

wholesale with grocers, commission

men or hucksters permitted. This

year the new plan will be tried of

charging a small rental for stalls and

of allowing sales at wholesale at cer-

tain hours.



Lansing will open its city market

this spring and Mayor Reutter says:

“I'will be at the market myself every

morning that I can spare and will in-

sist that the market committee is rep-

resented. I consider the market one

of the most important of the city’s

enterprises because of the bearing it

has upon out-of—town trade. Already

many truck gardens have been plant~

ed here.”



Muskegon plans to establish a city

market this year and Henry Sixma, a

farmer of that county, gave the farm-

er’s viewpoint in a paper read at a

recent meeting of the Muskegon

County Horticultural Society. He said

in part: “The city market will be a

benefit to the farmer and the consum-

er alike. The only obstacle the farm—

er would meet would be the organized

grocery element and here the farmer

is lame, for his is the only occupation

where organization does not seem to

work. It appears to me that the

farmer ought to see for himself that

he is the goat quite often. I have

seen hucksters meet the farmer and

then turn round and sell to the gro~

cer, thus making two profits between

producer and consumer. The farmer’s

task lies not in raising more produce

but in making a fair profit on the

stuff he does raise.” A. GRIFFIN.





IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIIllIIIIIIIlIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIII||l|IIII||IIIIIIIIIIIIIII





Crop and Market Notes.





Michigan.



Washtenaw Co.—Farmers are un-

able to get on the fields, owing to the

extremely wet weather. There is

low ground under water. Oats are

not all sowed, and very little corn

land is DIOWed. Pastures are doing

fairly well. Fruit trees are in bloom,

and indications are for a good crop.

Cattle and hogs are mostly sold, and

there is not much grain in farmers’





 





hands. Hens are laying well. Eggs

17c; butter 250.

Saginaw Co.——Excellent crops of





young pigs ar reported, and the lamb

crop is also xcellent, except where

early in the season, when cold weath-

er caused severe losses. A fair wool

crop is reported, selling at 220 per

pound. A large acreage of oats was

sown, which is already up. Wheat is

looking fine, and meadows and pas-

tures are in good condition. Eggs 17c;

butter-fat 231/20 at creameries. Horses

are moving well at fair prices.



Emmet Co.———The season is cold and

backward, trees are not yet in leaf,

and spring grains are making little

growth. Farm work is progressing

fairly well. There are plenty of fruit

buds in sight. Eggs 18c; butter 280;

beef 9@10c; hay $15.



Berrien Co.—About the average

acreage of cats was sown, and plow-

ing for corn is well under way. There

will be quite a large acreage of pota-

toes planted. Meadows are looking

fairly well, and wheat looks good.

Sheep raising has fallen of greatly in

the past few years. Wool is bringing

24@26c. Nearly all fat hogs have

been marketed. The crop of spring

pigs is good. Fruit trees are in

bloom, and indications are for a good

crop except in the case of peaches,

which will be only 50 per cent of a





crop; Spraying is carried» on exten:

sively. Butter-fat 241,50; eggs 17c;

potatoes 58c per bushel.



Shiawassee Cog—Wheat and rye are

looking fine, and meadows and pas-

tures are starting to grow after the

heavy frosts of last week. About 75

per cent of the pig crop was lost.

There is a nice lot of lambs, which

are doing well. 'There is an unusu-

ally large acreage of cats planted,

and they are looking fine. Farmers

are just starting to plant corn. Or-

chards and berries are in blossom,

and it looks like lots of fruit this

year. Eggs 18c; butter 220; hogs

$8; beans $2; wheat 930; oats 400;

wool 220.



Sanilac Co.-—-The weather is rather

cold for growth of spring grain, but

wheat is doing well. The hay crop,

both old and new meadows, are a lit-

tle below the average. There are not

many small pigs. Feeders are turn-

ing off the stock at a fair profit.

Some silos are being built. Fruit is

rather slow in developing on account

of the cool spring, but no damage is

apparent. The bean acreage will be

smaller than last year. Timothy hay

$12@13; wheat 92c; oats 36c; beans

$2; barley $1.15 per cwt; wool $21@

24c; butter 240; eggs 180.



.New York.



Niagara Co.‘-——-At last fine weather

has reached us and all are busy plow-

ing for oats and potatoes and work-

ing orchards. All the lime and sul-

phur spraying is done. Fine prospect

for apples, pears, cherries, plums and

prunes, but almost none for peaches,

which have winter-killed. Little dam-

age was done to trees by mice and

rabbits. On account of slump in nur-

sery stock last year more orchards

are being set out this year than last,

but nothing to the number set in pre-

vious years. Wheat, rye, meadows

and pastures are in fine shape. Most

of the stock out to pasture now.

There are very few sheep here and

wool is low, 16@17c. Farmers keep

from one to five hogs; _

calves 8@90; eggs 210; butter 20@

210; wheat $1; corn 75c; oats 450;

rye 65c; cloverseed $8@9; alsike $10;

bran $26 per ton; corn meal $28.50;

cracked corn $29.



Ohio.



Warren Co.—Corn planting is in

progress, having been delayed by the

wet weather. The average crop of

corn will be planted, but a small

acreage of oats. The pig crop is

larger than last year. More draft

horses raised than formerly. Wheat

and rye look better than usual for

the time of year. Meadows and pas-

tures only fair, owing to last year’s

drouth. Fruit prospects above the av-

erage, and there is more' spraying

done than usual. Local prices: Eggs

16c butter 200; corn 65c; wheat 89c;

hogs $8.25; milch cows $60.



Highland Co.—Sheep and lambs are

plentiful. Lambs 6@61,éc per pound;

wool 23c. The pig crop is fair. Farm-

ers are beginning to plant corn. The

wheat and rye are looking good, and

meadows and pastures are in good

condition. Fruit prospects are good,

but there is no spraying done. A

great many peach and apple trees

have died. Eggs 17c; butter 20@25c;

potatoes $1@1.25 per bu; com 800

per bu; hay $12; hogs $8.



Coshocton Co.—The last ‘week of

April and the first week of May have

been rather showery, and cat sowing

has been delayed, though a large

acreage was sown. The average

acreage of corn will be put in, and

most of it will be sown within the

next two weeks. New meadows and

pastures are in excellent condition

and growing nicely, and most of the

stock is out on the pastures. There

are bright prospects for a heavy cher-

ry and apple crop. Peaches will be

a success only in certain parts of the

county. There is not much spraying

done. The pig crop is very large and

the lamb crop about the average.

Spring lambs are bringing 8c. - Wool

buyers are offering 22c for unwashed

wool not yet shorn. An average num-

ber of new orchards are being set

out. Grocers are paying 180 for but-

ter and 17c for eggs. A large num-

ber of farmers are selling cream. The

hog market is active at $8.50@9. The

horse market is dull yet.



Brown Co.—Meadows and pastures

are looking well. There was not

much grain sown owing to the late,

wet spring. There are the best pros~

pects for wheat and rye in many

vears. Peaches, pears and cherries

were injured .by the cold weather,

and apple prospects are only fair.

There are a good many fruit trees

being set out. The pig crop was

large, and all seem to be doing well.

Spring lambs are .looking well on

account of‘ the fine pasture. There

has not been much wool sold yet, the

price being 20@24c per lb. Mixed

packers 8@8%c; hay $16@18 per

ton; corn 85@90c per bu; butter 200;

eggs 16c.



Wayne Co.—The weather has been

very‘cold “and wet;'with light‘frosts;

Farm work is very backward, and a‘





hogs and‘





MAY 30, 1914.





large .. acreage intended ,. for oats...will _





not be sown owing to the late season.

Some corn ground is plowed, but very

little planted. Prospects for wheat

are fair. The pig crop is about the

average. Apple trees are in bloom.

There is not much spraying being





done. Butter 200; eggs 160; wool

200 per lb.



Carroll Co.——Oats are coming up

nicely. Very few farmers have their





corn planted, as the ground has been

too wet to plow. Meadows are- in

fine condition, and wheat and rye are

growing. nicely. All livestock looks





well, but there are not as many sheep '





kept this spring as usual. Butter

200; eggs 16c; wheat 900; corn 75c;

oats 45c; cloverseed $7; timothy seed

$2; potatoes 90c per bushel.





Indiana.



Jay Co.—The pig and lamb crops

are below normal in this section. ‘The

wool clip is of fair quality, and the

price offered is 18c. The cats plant-

ed look fine, in spite of two weeks of

very wet weather, and the acreage

put in is more than last year. Some

corn is planted, and under favorable

conditions the remainder will be in

within a week. Wheat is in excellent

shape; rye is heading out. Meadows

are coming along fine, and show a

bumper hay crop. There were several

slight frosts in the, last two xweeks,

but the fruit crop does not seem to

be damaged. The orchards have had

two sprayings. . There was much dam—

age to shrubs and fruit trees by mice.

The peach crop will be a failure, as

the trees show no signs of life.‘ ~Eggs

18c; butter 25c; hogs $8.10; cattle

$6@7.50; wheat 96c; oats ‘360; com

$1 per cwt.



Wisconsin.



Polk Co.—Seeding is just finished

and corn ground is being prepared.

The average amount of spring grains

is less than in former years, more

corn being planted. All meadows are

looking fine, and pastures are good.

A number of apple and plum trees

have been set out. Eggs 15@17c;

butter-fat 29c; oats 33c; barley 50c;

potatoes 40c.



Pierce Co.—There has been an in-

crease of nearly 25 per cent in the

number of pigs over that of last year,

and hogs are healthy. The lamb crop

is normal. Several farmers have dis-

posed of flocks, while a few have

bought anew. Blood stock is the aim.

No wool has been sold, as shearing

has not been finished, and it is gen-

erally pooled. Many head of stock

will soon be put out on pasture. The

acreage of cats and barley is some-

what above the average. The acreage

of corn and alfalfa increases each

year. Apples are not an important

crop, and little spraying is done. The

prospects for small fruits are good.

Eggs 16c; butter-fat 260; butter 25c;

potatoes 480. There is no grain to

be sold, as it is fed out, but market

prices are: Wheat 800; oats 320;

barley 480; rye 50c; flax 85c. .



Missouri.



St. Louis Co.—There are more

young pigs this year than last spring.

The acreage of wheat and rye, is

about the same as last year; more

oats are sown, and about 10 per cent

more corn has been planted, some of

the latter being eight inches high.

Some rye is heading out, and there

are prospects for a good yield. -The

recent light frosts in the lowlands

apparently did no damage to fruit,

which promises a fine crop. There

is not much spraying done. The price

of eggs is 22c.



Phelps Co.—Wheat, rye, meadows

and pastures are looking fine and this

year promises to be one of the largesti

crops ever known in this section of

Missouri. Oats are all sown and are

up and looking nice. A large number

of the farmers have already planted

their corn. There is a great number

of pigs. lambs and goats coming on

and it looks as though there isgoing

to be a greater number of this 'stock

in Phelps county this year than for

several years past. The farmers are

all taking a greater pride in their

stock and there is a great deal of

registered stock coming into the coun

ty. The fruit prospects are extra

good, not hurt much by frost. More

spraying done this year than ever be-

fore. Not many new orchards have,

been put out. Eggs 150; butter 25c;

roosters 7c; spring chickens 23c;

turkeys 130; clear wool 200.



Kansas.



Trego Co.—Weather cool and wet;

wheat doing fine. According to the

assessor’s returns this county has

118,000 acres in wheat. About 18,000

acres was lost by freezing and blow-

ing out, leaving 100,000 acres of wheat

in this county that is the best I- ever

saw grow here, and is good, (with

favorable conditions), to make an av-

erage yield of 25 bushels per acre.

A large acreage of corn is being





planted. The first planting is about





ready for cultivation. Pastures . are

the best they have been "for several

years and stock- is doing well. Corn

is high in price, selling at 80@85c per

bu; eggs 15c; cream 40. '





.,





 





 





‘K.b‘—M
‘ mead. 151.4. .‘





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





13-577





 





“fillIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllliilllllllillllllllllllllllllllllillllilllillllllllilllllllLfl





Farmers’ Clubs





L“ llllllIllllllllllllllllllll||IllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllliillill

CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





Timely Tips on “Meals for Thresh-

ere."-—“Homewood” was the place of

meeting 'for the Napoleon Farmers’

Club on Saturday, May 16, and~Mr.

and Mrs. Lud Hastings welcomed 40

members and visitors to their pleas-

ant home. Owing to illness, the pres-

ident and vice-president were absent

and L. G. Palmer was called to the

chair. The usual opening exercises

and business session were held, after

which the program was taken up. The

first number was roll call, the re-

sponse being Longfellow quotations.

Mrs. Grace Merriman read an excel-

lent paper on “Meals for Threshers."

She said she found this a difficult

subject to write upon just in the

midst of house cleaning; that she

thought when the plan of each thresh-

er furnishing his own gang of men

w‘asinstituted, that the work would

be easier, but instead found it harder,

for the whole gang were on hand for

breakfast, the hardest meal to get.

“The telephone in the house is a

great help, for we can usually find

out just when they will arrive, and

are generally prepared, but there are

times when their stay is prolonged

by breakdowns, rains, etc., when we

hardly know how to manage. A good

garden is almost indispensable in the

preparation of meals for a lot of men:

such a variety of vegetables may be

had just at threshing time. Of course,

there is nothing better than pork and

beans. The meat question is the

hardest to solve. It used to be the

custom at our place to kill a sheep,

and the threshers always expected

mutton for meals. There are so many

ways of preparing left-over meat that

with a very small amount one may

prepare a good meal. For dessert,

pies are more easily served, although

there are numerous puddings which

may be made early in the morning

and are liked by all. Prepare pota-

toes and other vegetables early, be

sure and put them on to cook in good

season so that you may not feel hur-

ried when the whistle blows for

noon.” She then read an article from

a paper which contained some help-

ful hints on the subject. The discus-

sion was opened by Mrs. L. G. Pal-

mer after the program was closed,

after which all enjoyed the delicious

supper provided by the hostess. Club

adjourned to meet at “Dak Grove”

with Mr. and Mrs. L. C. Palmer on

Saturday afternoon, June 20.



Discuss Com'munity Problems.—~The

Odessa Farmers’ Club met at the

home of Mrs. Lottie M. Durkee, Sat-

urday afternoon, May 10. President

Foght called the meeting to order, a

song by the Club being the first num-

ber. Roll call was answered by “Men

in the Public Eye.” “ls Poverty and

Crime Incurable?” This topic was

assigned to Rev. Laity. He gave a

short talk which was good, and with

the discussion following went to prove

that these things are curable. “Why

are rural communities so indifferent

toward the church, and what can be

done to make the religious life more

of a reality?” Mrs. Brown opened

this subject very nicely with some

good thoughts, and a discussion fol-

lowed, which we were all better for

having heard. Supper was served to

45 members. Adjourned to meet with

Mr. and Mrs. David in June. This will

be the last meeting before vacation

and the Agust picnic—Reporter.



Organize Corn Contest—The April

meeting of the Salem Farmers’ Club

was entertained at the town hall by

Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Maxwell and son.

A very enjoyable meeting was held,

although the roads were muddy and

the day stormy.



The May meeting of the Club was a.

large and enthusiastic gathering at

the town hall. Dinner was served to

185 guests, 115 of them being chil-

dren. The meeting was largely de-

voted to the subject of our corn con-

test work, and was in charge of Robt.

Ross, chairman of the contest com-

mittee. An interesting program was

given by the children of the different

schools, including recitations, an es-

say on corn, a corn song and a very

pretty flag drill. This was followed

by an address by Prof. Essery, County

School Commissioner. He told the

children he wanted both boys and

girls to enter into this contest work.

It would be a useful lesson to them

during their whole life; would help

them to be business men and business

farmers. They would always find

competition in the world—and this

would make them more able to com-

pete with men—when they grew older.

A collection of $10.75 was taken for

the contest work. Next meeting of

the Club. to be at the home of Presi-





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- dent.——'—G. H. Thompson, Reporters _





 





 





 





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a Grange. E

FIE“llilIlllllllillllllIllllllllllllllllllllllIllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllilllllllllllllllllfi





'Our Motto—“The farmer is of more.

consequence than the farm, and should

be first improved.”





 





JUNE MEETINGS.





State Lecturer’s Suggestions for First

Meeting. -



Song, “Joy Bells,”’in School Knap-

sack.



Recitations by two children.



My favorite butterfly, a short paper.



Memories of childhood, two five-

minute talks by grown-ups.



My favorite bird, a short paper.



“A fresh bouquet for Flora,” an exo

ercise by children.



Song, “Whistle and Hoe,” in Knap-

sack, with whistling accompaniment.



Some pets I have owned, a short

paper by a boy.



“A Daisy Exercise,” by children.



Closing .song, “Onward Christian

Soldiers.”



Refreshments in charge of Worms

an’s Work Committee.



Flora assists lecturer in this pro-

gram.





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





lngham County Pomona Grange met

with Fitchburg Grange, Saturday,

April 25. In spite of the inclement

weather, a large crowd of enthusiastic

Grangers were present. After doing

justice to a most splendid dinner, pre-

pared by the entertaining Grange, the

following program was very much en-

joyed: Song, Grange Melodies; pa-

per, “What can lthe rural people do

to make themselves better and uplift

the Community?” Mrs. S. Proctor;

recitation, Iva Mackinder: address,

“Attitude of people toward farmers’





organizations,” E. A. Holden: music,

Fitchburg Grange; paper, “Marriage

a question of cash,” Mrs. Stephen





Behm; recitation, Mrs. A. Lawrence;

recitation, Miss Lavonda Smith; piano

solo, Miss Myrtle Lawrence; reading,

“My Eightieth Birthday,” Mrs. A.

Lawrence. Following this reading,

Elmer Shotwell, in behalf of Fitch-

burg Grange, presented Mr. and Mrs.

A. Lawrence with a beautiful rug as

a token of respect and esteem to

commemorate their sixty—second wed-

ding anniversary and her eightieth

birthday. Both responded in a feel-

ing manner. Both of these people

were certainly an inspiration to us

all, by their pleasant personality and

active part in discussions and entire

program. All of four generations of

this family are members of Grange,

but one, and she is a Junior. Next

followed a spirited.impromptu debate:

Resolved, that education is a greater

factor in making a successful farmer

than energy.” Rev. F. Corbett and

J. T. Barr upheld the affirmative side,

while E. A. Holden and H. M. Young

discussed the negative. By decision

of the judges, the negative was de-

clared the winning side. Meeting

closed with a vocal duet from Fitch-

burg Grange.——Grace Fisher, Lecturer.





Sparta Grange did not celebrate

Mother’s Day or Father’s Day, but

Parents’ Day, at their regular meet-

ing, Saturday, May 16. At this meet-

ing two candidates also received the

first and second degrees. The follow-

ing program was much enjoyed: Mu-

sic, Mrs. Thos. Chapman; “A Philoso-

pher Farmer,” Hine M. Smith;

“Where’s Mother?” Mrs. R. S. Cole—

man; “That Thy Days May be Long,”

Mrs. Thos. Chapman; “Only One,”

Mrs. D. A. Filkins; “Nobody Knows

but Father,” Mrs. S. H. Taylor; “My

Boys,” Mrs. H. E. Walcott. Roll call,

“Some Memory of Father or Moth-

er;” “Being Fussy at Meals,” Mrs. J.

L. Crowley; “How to Clean Feathers

in Pillows;’ “Making Coffee as the

French Do.”



Travel Talk.——About 100 attended

the last regular Grange meeting at

Berrien Center, and were entertained

by an excellent program. Music was

furnished by an orchestra consisting

of the following players: Arthur

Miars, violin; Kenneth Miars, piano;

Chet Daugherty, clarinet. Roy Clark,

of Pipestone, was a guest of the order

and gave a. very interesting descrip-

tion of his experiences during his re-

cent orinetal trip. He exhibited many

curios from the Philippines, Japan and

China and his talk was thorofighly

enjoyed by all.





COMING EVENTS.

Wayne County Pomona will meet





with Flat Rock Grange, on Saturday,

June 6. Chas. Pikefl of Wyandotte,





will address the meeting.

' lngham County Pomona Grange will

meet with Locke. Saturday, June 13.





 





DEADLY scouns '





Scientific. Tested. Safe and SURE CURE

O 75 CENTS





we will send prepaid bottle to last a year. Money



refunded if it fails.



ROUGEMONT FARM REMEDIES. Detroit. Mich.

Ask for price list.





WHOLESALE FEED





THE BARTLETT 00.. 100 Mill St... Jackson. Mich.





8. L. VllillllflllE E668’§{°§i§§e‘fi.‘§§§§‘ “321%?





Satisfaction guaranteed. F'.E. Cowdrey. Ithaca, Mich.





BREEDERS’ lllliliC'l‘ollY. fl

CATTLE.





Aberdeen Angus Gaiile





We have just received a wire to ship all our suwlus

young bulls of serViceable age to Minnesota. itn

grade Angus eariings hailing at $125.00 to $150.00,

these oung2bu is, closely related to five International

Gran Champions. should be worth $200 to Michigan

farmers With a dozen or more grade cows. Wire.

'phone or write at one for reservation.





GEO. B. SMITH

Addison and Somerset. Mich.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS





HERD FOUNDED IN 1900.

Strains re resented consist of Trojan Ericas. Black-

birde and rides. only. Black Quality Ito, a hull of

rare individuality and merit, heads the herd.

WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionia. Mich.





 





Save your money.





 





 





 





F0" s‘LE—Z Reg. Guernsey bullsz and 4 years old

2 bull calves best breeding. Pedigree oil

Berkshire swine either





spring show. sex.

J0 R. 10. Holland Michigan.





HN EBELS. R.

UERNSEY BULL CALF,





old. great grandson of Gov. Chene. 350 takes him.

AVONDALE STOCK FARM. Wayne. Michigan.

2 six months old





HEREFORD BULL llSmonthsold





ALLEN BROS. Paw Paw, Michigan.





ROLSTEIN BULLS AT FARMERS PRICES





Sired by one of the best bulls of America.

LONG BEACH FARM. Auguste, Kalamazoo Co..Mich.





nicely marked. 3 weeks





 





 





OLSI‘EIN FHIESIAN- CATTLE BREEDERS of

high record cows. Young bulls at farmers prices.

JONES & LUTZ. Oak Grove. Michigan.





ESPANORE FARM,





LANSING. MICH.





Register’dHulsieins





Bull Calves $50 to $200.

An absolute guarantee with each purchase.





OHASE s. ()SBOBN. a . L. M. HATCH.

ADAM E. FERGUSON. 5"“9’9- Supt





$22





not akin. B. B.

' -—Ofl'er bull calves. choice A.

“'0'“! fior R. 0. breeding. $100 and up.





COLE BROTHERS COMPANY. Ypsilanti, Michigan.





 





 





Buys a registered heifer R mo. old and reg.

istered hull 7 mo. old. both K white. not

EAVEY. Akron. Michigan.





 





OLSTEIN REGISTERED HEIFERS—G mo. old.

riced to sell. Write for pedigrees and prices.

N THAWAY BROS.. Burton. Michigan.





H I t ' —11 High Grade Holstein heifers from Heavy

0 3 Gills Milkem Also Registered Bull. Price rm-

the bunch 8100" F. O. B. J. C. BARNEY, Goldwater. Illcli.





BlGELilW’S ROLSTEIN FARMS





Breedsville. Michigan.

Breeder of high class





Registered Holsteins.

A. R. 0. ROLSTEIN COWS FOR SALE.





6 very fine A. R. 0. cows. bred to Johanna Concordia.

Champion, and Duke Ormsby Pietertje DeKol. Price

$1850. Service bulls and l)_llll calves. Kindly write

me just what you want



L. E. CONNELL. Fayette. Ohio.





 





—Eight choice registered Holstein yearling

For sale heifers. some are bred. Also four cows.

E. A. BLACK. R. No. 6. Lnkeview. Michigan.





MlDHliiillLllilME illll TRAINING SCHOOL





APEER. MICHIGAN.

Breeder of High Grade Holstein Cattle.





prices upon application.

A new Clown salesmen “gas





GREGORY a BORDEN. Howell. Michigan.





Lists and





 





8

BUTTER BRED mggfi‘rsffill“





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Silver Creek. Allegan County. Michigan.





F0li SALE—14 Pulled liurliam A Shorihorn' Bull:





from 4 to 24 months old. 0. CABLSON. LeRoy. Mich.





 





 





horthorn Bulls For Sale—One man 3-yr-old weigh-

ing at'on. Price $250. Also 3 calves 8 mo. old. from

good milking cows. M. BBAY. Okemos. Mich.





Dill" “Ell Sllillllllillllls Egyi’islsllgg‘fiseft'filliié



all sold. J. B. HUMMEL, Mason, Michigan.

' —o 3



FOR SALE J33. ufi?‘“i$£‘i& fit°£§fi.'.’;e.b“llil3



D. McMULLEN. 67 Madison St. Adrian, Michigan:





SHVORTHORN CATTLE





. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





SHEEP.





IT PAYS TO BUY FURL-'1 BRED SHEEP 0F



PARSONS Emma's?



l‘)‘ igllgzgd ship everywhere and pay express

'3





 





   

     

 





Write for club after and rice_list.

figs Oxfords, Shropshires and’Polledo Linnea.

l





PARSONS.GrandLedge.Mich. Bl.





 





 





 





HOGS.

‘ ' —A few extra. Sept.Boars and bunch

Duroc:&v'clonas of (inilts for let of April farrow.

M T. STORY. Lowell, Mich.. Citizens Phone 55.





lll-leliSlllllliS 33.22:: .zptti.bgss..“%..ii'.§s

stock. ELMHURS STOCK FARM. Almont. Mich.





 





 





—Ch ' f ll G'l l t

BERKSHIRE b.9345: .fiimgé’fi'fgai‘g... fi.i§.‘é‘.§".§fi.

WHITE OAK FAR . R. No. 4. grown City. Mich.





 





' —Reg. Bred Guts—Orders taken for

ehCSldf Whllfls spring pigs and Collie ups. Holstein

Bulls at. Bargains. BAY B. PARHAM,





cuEsTEn WHITEs—r'l‘he iong‘ type. prolific kind.

A nice lot of uprin pigs.



MEADOW VIEW STOCK FARM. Holland. ichiasn.



, —Bpring pigs. get my price before



09 l- C 5 you buy elsewhere. CLOVER



LEAF STOCK FARM. B. No. 1. Monroe. Michigan.





0 | C’s—Few choice. thrifty. March-April beer

I I pisfi. $10.00. $12.00. as to age. Grated.

No sows left. B. G. HILLS. Fennville. Mich.





O I C’s ——I HAVE A NICE LOT 0F



0 . - LAST FALL GlLTS 0N



HAND. OTTO B. SCHULZE. One-half mile

west of Depot. Nashville. Michigan.





ronson. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





0 l c -—Take orders forspring‘gigs. OneSmo. fine

- ' - type Jersey Bu l. rice reasonable.

N. H. Weber. OakView Farm. Royal Oak. Michigan.





 





o I c —~Sows bred for June farrow. We are

I I I also taking orders for spring pigs.

JOHN BERNER & SON. Grand Ledge. Mich.





 





o I c -—Bred sows and spring pigs. large and growthy.

I - - Pairs and tries. not akin. Write your wants.

GLENWOOD STOCK FARM. Zeeland. Mich.





 





0 l C — ilts bred. for June and July farrow. Also

0 0 - pl‘ln& gigs, Servicesble boars all sold.

I pay express. . . ANDREWS. Dansville, Mich.





 





0

saw WEIGHID 932 LBS.





23 MONTHS OLD





I have started more breeders on the road to suc-

cess thanany man living. I have thelargeet and fin~

est herd in the U. 8. Every one an early developer,

ready forthe market at six months old. I want to

place one has in each community to advertise my



erd. Write for my plan,“fiow to Make Money from

Hogs.” G. S. BENJAMIN. l.flo.lo Portland. Mich.





 





 





 





o I C’s All sold. Would be pleased to book

I - your order for 8 ring igs.

C. J. THOMPSON. Rockfor . Mic lgan.





O I C -—Tlirce September Boers. four

0 I 0 September Gilts. Am also taking

orders for spring iiae, they are extra good ones.

NE.“ MAN'S BTOC FARM. R. No.1.Marlette, Mich.





O.





 





I C ~Boars six months old, spring pigs,

0 - gilts. Satisfaction guaranteed.

A. R. GRAHAM. FLINT. MICHIGAN.





—May I have the pleas-

0- 10 C0 SWine ure of receiving your

order for a pair or trio. not skin. of April

and May furrow. They are bred riaht. Satisfaction

guaranteed. A. J. GORDEN. R. No. 2. Dorr. Mich.





 





 





' ' ——27 lb. dam.3l-lb. r dd ,

Registered llOlSlOIII Bull m. 5 nesrest 3.3.2 1.1%“.

butter records that average 25 lbs. in 7 days. 2 years old.

Write for pedigree. Hobart W. Fay. Mason, Mich.





 





l ‘ ' ' Herd Headed by Albina Bonte

llo sieln Frieslan Battle 3...... B... N... 93124. Average





for dam and sire's dam A .O. at 4 yrs. butter 7 days

28.37 lbs. No stock for sale. W. B. Reader. Howell, Mich.





"Top-Notch” Holsteins.





Choice bull calves from 1 to 7 mo. old. of fashion-

able breeding and from dams with official milk

and butter records for sale at reasonable prices.





MePHERSON FARMS 00.. Howell. Mlohlgen.

Purebred Registered





HOLSTEIN C ATT L E



The Greatest Dairy Breed

Semi for FREE Illustrated Booklets

Holrtein-l‘riesian. Ano..Box I64. Brettleboro.Vt.

JERSEY ——Bull calves nearly ready for service.

Sired hv .Tacoba's Fairy Emsnon 107111.



SMITH & PARKER. Howell. Michigan.





 





UROCJERSEYS—Fall gilts of the large, heavy

boned type, bred for Aug. and Sept. furrow. Also

spring pigs. not skin. I". J. Drodt. Kl. Monroe. Mich.





DURocs—A good growthy fall pig immuned

and bred for August furrow will

make you money. Give me your order now for

May shipment. Also fall boars ready for service.

KOPE KON FARM. Kinderhook, Michigan.





 





0R SALE DUROC JERSEYS—College Boy 138557

(far-rowed Sept. 7. 1911. Spring pigs after June





1. .2914 J B. BANGHART. Lansing. Michigan





 





Fancy bred Duroo Jerseys—Boers & Gilts of spring A:

summer i'nrrow. Gord individuals at reasonable

prices. John McN icoll. Station A. RA. Bay City. Mich





_ s

IiilllI-El. 8100K Fill" $1332? 123% {231L350

prices. E. R. CORNELL. Howell, Michigan.





DUROC ‘3' ER SEYS_l'igtlt;es‘gxfensllfopi'i 21%!

CAREY U. DMONDS. Hastings. Michigan.

IlURilC JERSEYS‘ESJJS’EfiT 2323:.” ”s" t“





8TABLMAN.0he1-ry Lawn rum.n.2.s epherdJi-ich-





 





 





MAPLE Lane Register of Merit Jersey Herd-Tu-

bercul_in tested by 0.8. Government. Bull calves

from cows in R. of M. test. Heifer calves whose dams.

grand-dame. and great irrand-dams are in the Register

of Merit. IRVIN FOX. Allegan. Michigan.





Jerseys For Profit





AMERICAN JERSEY CATTLE CLUB, 8'84 W. 28d St.. New York





Llllle Farmstead Jerseys

(Tuberculin tested. Guaranteei. free from Tuber-

culosis.) Seven] good bulie'sné bull onlvee out of



e ry cows for sole. )lo .emsles for sale at

present. Satisfaction merenteedi.

001.01! C. 1.11.13". (loops-urine. Mich.





 





 





 





 





Yearling and two-yeer-old. Eli lbl

in." In": to register. Splendid breeding. Eric:

right. Address LEWIS RILEY. Metamore. Mich-





JERSEYS”3$‘. ”RS: 3533 .535 £33.21





 





Breakwater term. B. l‘. D. No.1. Ann Arbor. Mich. .





— ring been from prize-win.

”RPM-Jerseys n 115 strains. Bows all ages

Breakwater Farm. 11. F. . No. '1. Ann Arbor,Mich.





SSEX PIGS—From Michigan's oldest herd. Get

J your order in for something good. You know the

kind that comes from the Flint River Farm. You have

heard of us before. E. P. OLIVER. Flint, Mich.





Lines me i. c.-:.iaeeau:.te...s" regs:

U. 8.. weight 908 The. 24





 





 





by the let i: boar in the

months 01 . Come and see. Ex ensee aid if not as

represented. W. E. LIVINGS ON. arms, Mich.





 





mm crisis-3st saiznsrtlffi

c e





Prices right. W. J. HAGELBHAW. Auguste.





Poland china Boar; Sow: Brod, ill of ill! Big Type.





A. A. WOOD & SON. Saline. Michigan.

Continued on pagem
THE MICHIGAN FA-RMER





.MAY 30, 1914.





 





578—14,

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g E

Marketaf

Ell“III|IIIIII|IIIIIlIIIIIII|IIIIIIII|I||IIII|IIIIIIIII||IIIIIIIIII||IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIII





GRAINS AND SEEDS.





 





May 26, 1914.





Wheat—In spite of the confirma«

tion of the earlier reports that con-

siderable damage is being done to the

wheat crop by the Hessian fly, the

trend of the market has been down-

ward this past week. The cash de-

mand is not quite so active and the

liberal primary receipts and ship-

ments to foreign countries favor the

bears, but the chief factor in the de-

cline was the favorable reports com-

ing from Oklahoma and Kansas where

harvesting has begun under favor-

able conditions, describing the ripen-

ed grain to be of good quality and

liberal yields. This territory, how-

ever, is to the south of the belt most

seriously damaged by the fly. One

year ago the price for No. 2 red

wheat was $1.10 per bu. Quotations

for the past week are:





No. 2 , No. 1



Red. White. July.

Wednesday . . . . . .99% 99 90

Thursday ........98% 98 89%

Friday ..........98 97%, 88%,

Saturday ........98 97% 88%

Monday ..... . . 97% 9.7 88%

Tuesday 97% 88 %





97



Chicago, (May 26).-No. 2 red 98@

99c; May 97%c; July 8714c per bu.



Corn.—~Quotations have been main-

tained at the highest figures recorded

a week ago, notwithstanding the de—

cline in wheat. The stock of corn on

hand is reported to be unusually

small and the demand is more urgent

than for some time. This feeling has

been modified a little by further re-

ports from Argentine that additional

shipments are forthcoming frOm that

country. One year ago the price for

No. 2 corn was 59%c per bushel. Quo

tations for the past week are:





No.2 No. 2



Mixed. Yellow.



VVGdneSday e e e a n o e u o 7 74 l/é

Thursday 73 74%

Friday oeooooeeeo-eo 73 741/é

Saturday ........... 73 74%

Monday cocoa-cocoon 73 741k

Tuesday W. 73 74%

Chicago, (May 26).—No. 2 corn,





71%0; July 67%0 per bushel.

Oats.——This market is firm to high-

er. The weather during the week

past has been a little too dry for the

best development of the grain, while

the old stock is being called upon by

the usual demand. One year ago the

price for standard oats was 42 %c per





bushel. Quotations for the past week

are: .

No. 3

Standard. White.

Wednesday ......... 44% 44..

TDUI'Sday cocoa-clue. 44% 44

Friday oeeeooooeuoa- 44% 44

Saturday ............ 44 43%

Monday 44% 44

Tuesday ........ . . . . 44% 44

Chicago, (May 26).—No. 2 white





oats 42%@42%c;

39530 per bushel.

, Beans.——Demand has eased off a lit-

tle. The local board of trade quotes

immediate and prompt shipment at

$2.07; June $2.12 per bu. Chicago re-

ports steady prices. Pea beans, hand-

picked, choice, are steady at $2.20@

2.25; common $2@2.15; red kidneys,

choice $3.25@3.35.



Rye.——This cereal is steady. No. 2

is quoted at 650 per bu.





May 421/40; July





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





FIour.—Jobbing lots in one-eighth

paper sacks are selling on the Detroit

market per 196 lbs. as follows. Best

patent $5.30; second $5; straight

$4.75; spring patent $5.10; rye flour

$4.40 per bbl.



Feed.——In 100-lb. sacks, jobbing lots

are: Bran $28; standard middlings

$28; fine middlings $32; coarse mid-

dlings $31; cracked corn $32; corn

and oat chop $28.50 per ton.



Hay.—Good hay scarce, with prices

steady. Carlots on track at Detroit

are: No. 1 timothy $16.50@17; stan-

dard $15.50@16; No. 2, $14@15; light

mixed $15.50@16; No. 1 mixed $13.50

@15; N0. 1 clover $13@13.50.



.New York—Prices steady. No.

timothy $22.50; No. 3 to standard

$17.50@20.50.



Chicago—Market is steady at lower

prices. Choice timothy is quoted at

$18@18.50 per ton; No. 1 $15@16;

No. 2, $13@14.



Straw—Steady. Rye $8@8.50; oat

straw $7@7.50; wheat straw $7@7.50

per ton.





DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





Button—Market is firm 'at unchang-

ed prices. Conditions on the market





 





are good. ‘ Extra creamery 25c per lb;

firsts 24c; dairy 17c;

15c. ,

Chicago.—-—The demand is moderate-

ly good and the supply ample. Prices

are 140 higher than last week. Extra

creamery 25%c; extra firsts 24%c;

creamery 25%c; extra firsts 2434c;

firsts 21%@23c; seconds 190; packing

stock 160.



Elgin.—-—Market is firm at 25940 per

1b., which is 140 higher than last





week.

New York—The market is steady

and unchanged. Creamery extras





25%@260; firsts 24@25c; seconds 22

@230; packing stock 17@17%c.



Eggs.—Market is active at prices 10

lower than last week. Current re-

ceipts of fresh stock quoted at 18%c.



Chicago.——Market is steady, al-

though the trading is rather slow.

The supply is ample and northern

eggs are preferred. Miscellaneous

lots, cases included 16@18c; ordinary

firsts 17@17%c; firsts 180.



New York—Heavy receipts caused

an accumulation on market and

brought price down nearly 1c. The

highest grade is in demand. Fresh

gathered extras 22@23c; storage

packed firsts 20%@21%c; firsts 19@

20c per dozen.



Poultry.—Market is easy with offer-

ings ample for demand. Prices are

about %c lower than last week. Live

~Springs 18@18%c; hens 18@18%c;

geese 14@150; ducks 17@180.



Chicago.—The market is quiet and

prices are unchanged. Fowls in the

greatest demand. The trade was

mainly to supply home wants.

tations on live are: Fowls, choice

15%0; old roosters 10%c; broilers 1%

@2 lbs. weight 26@28c; 1@11/; lbs.

weight 23@25c; geese 100; ducks

130; spring ducks 22@25c.





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





 





Green Vegetables.——Michigan aspar-

ague, 1-3 bu. box 40@600; green on-

ions % dozen small bunches 5@6c;

watercress, small bbls. Michigan $2.



Potates.—Quoted firm, with prices

advanced from 2@50. Quotations 68

@700 per bu in sacks. At Chicago

the market ruled strong and prices

advanced 5c. Buyers are anxious and

fancy stock was in demand. Receipts

are light. Good Michigan round white

sold for 70@80c. '





GRAND RAPIDS.





 





 





Dairy butter is firm and higher,

with 23c offered for No. 1. The egg

market opens weak, with quotations

at 17%@18c. Shipped-in strawberries

are taking the lead in fruits, with her-

ries from Illinois this week and south-

ern Michigans will follow soon. The

outlook now is for a big crop of ber-

ries in Michigan. First home-grown

tomatoes raised under glass were of-

fered Saturday, bringing 35c per lb.

Grain prices are unchanged. Dressed

hogs. are bringing 10%@11c. Timothy

hay is worth $16@18.





DETROIT EASTERN MARKET.





Although the variety of products

offered Tuesday morning was small,

there were many farmers present con-

sidering the season. Lettuce was of-

fered freely, prices ranging from 75c

\@$1.25 per basket. Asparagus was

selling generally at 50 per bunch; on-

ions 25@300 for three large bunches.

Potatoes were offered sparingly at 900

per bushel; radishes two dozen small

bunches for 25c. No hay is coming

in, and the nominal quotation is $15

@18 per ton.





 





 





WOOL.





 





An optimistic feeling continues in

the wool market, and prices are rul-

ing higher now than for some years

past, and it is expected that quota-

tions will advance with the season.

There are no accumulations of wool

and manufacturers must buy in order

to fill current orders, and since deal-

ers have depleted their stocks, buyers

are required to go into the field and

purchase of producers. In the fleece

states business is now becoming more

active with sales ranging from 22@

260, according to quality and grade.

The sales in Boston since January 1

are nearly three times as great as for

the same period of 1913.





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Buffalo.

May 25, 1914.

(Special Report of Dunning and Stev-

ens, New York Central Stock

Yards, East Buffalo, N. Y.)

Receipts of stock here today as fol-

lows: Cattle 110 cars; hogs 105 d. d.;

sheep and lambs 47 d. d.; calves 1600





head.



With 21,000 cattle reported in Chi-

cago today and only 110.cars on our

market, the cattle all sold strong, and

especially the good weight cattle,

quality considered. All the cattle





 





packing stock ‘





.pecially yearlings.





weighing over 1200 sold fully 250 per

cwt. higher than last week. The

butcher cattle, weighing 1100 lbs. and

under, sold strong to about 150 per

cwt. higher. The greatest advance

was on theheavy cattle of good fin-

ish. In fact, we think we sold some

cattle today, quality considered, more-

than 25c above last Monday’s prices.

The market was active from start to

finish and by noon practically every-

thing was well cleaned up and pros-

pects steady for the balance of the

week.



We had an active but lower hog

tradehere today. With 105 loads on

sale and 56,000 reported in Chicago,

the bulk of sales reached about a

dime lower than Saturday, with light

weights strong to 15c lower. Trading

was active and a good clearance was

made. Everything sold at $8.65 out-

side of roughs and stags. Best roughs

quotable at $7.25@7.50 and stags at

$5.50@6.75, as to quality.



The market was active today on

handy lambs and sheep. Prices 100

higher than the close of last week on

lambs; sheep steady. Choice handy

clip lambs selling mostly at $8.25@

8.35. We look for steady to shade

higher prices last of week with mod-

erate receipts.



We quote: Choice clip lambs $8.15

@840; heavy do $7@7.25; cull to fair

do $6.50@8; yearlings $6.50@7.25;

bucks $3.50@4.50; handy ewes $5.75

@6; heavy ewes $5@5.25; wethers

$6.25@6.50; cull sheep $3.50@4.50;

veals, choice to extra $10@10.25; fair





'to good $8.50@9.75; heavy calves $5.50

Quo- @7.





 





Chicago.

May 25, 1914.





Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Receipts today..21,000 56,000 21,000

Same day 1913.23,016 35,098 23,998

Last week ....41,716 107,953 88,050

Same wk 1913..40,119 133,900 84,246





With a good Monday cattle supply

for these times and a limited general

demand, there was an early fair trade

in fat butcher stock at steady prices,

but at a late hour very few steers

were sold, with prospects for a rather

general decline of about a dime at

least. Some fat beeves at $9 looked

unchanged. Hogs were in such ex—

ceptionally big supply that prices de-

clined‘15c at once, with sales at $8@

8.35. Hogs marketed last week aver-

aged 238 lbs., or four lbs. more than

a week earlier. The sheep and lamb

market was 15@25c lower, with a

poor demand from all classes of buy-

ers and choice clipped lambs bring-

ing $8. Swift & Co.- received about

3,000 Texas sheep consigned to them

direct. .



Cattle prices declined on Monday

last week before the day was over

largely 10@15c, with receipts of 21,-

200 head and a restricted general de-

mand, the heavy beeves catching it

the worst, for warm weather has caus-

ed these to be descriminated against,

buyers favoring fat light steers, es-

Good cattle firm-

ed up by the middle of the week, with

a run of only 13,508 on Wednesday,

and a meager supply for Thursday

caused a small advance. On warm

days the cattle drank water freely,

and this was usually taken into ac-

count by buyers in making bids. The

bulk of the beef steers sold during

the.week at $8@9, with choice to

prime heavy steers taken at $8.90@

9.30, good lots going at $8.60 and up-

ward, medium grade lots at $8.30 and

over and common to fair steers of

light weights at $7.40@8.25. Common

to good yearlings brought $7.85@8.55

and good to choice yearlings $8.60@

9.25, while a few head of agricultural

college fed yearlings topped the mar-

ket at $9.50. Butcher lots of cows

and. heifers had a good sale on the

bas1s of $5.30@8.85 for ordinary cows

to fancy yearling heifers, with sales

of cutters at $4.70@5.25, canners at

$3.50@4.65 and bulls at $5.50@7.75.

Although the rank and file of the

stockers and feeders declined in val-

ue 250 because of the refusal of most

buyers to follow up the late boom in

prices, the choicest lots of these cat-

tle advanced further, making the high-

est figures on record. Sales were

made all the way from $6.75@7.25 for

the less desirable offerings up to $8@

8.85 for the better class, with sales

embracing a carload of fancy little

stock steer calves that ayeraged 551

lbs. at $8.85, 40 feeders averaging 969

lbs. at$8.65 and 40 feeders averaging

1098 lbs. at $8.60. The cause of the

much higher prices for common beef

steers than a few weeks ago was the

feeder outlet. Calves were active at

$6@10.75 per 100 lbs. for rough heavy

to prime light vealers, a few selling

at $11. Milch cows were in good de-

mand at $60@90 each.



Hogs had some moderate advances

in prices last week on account of the

smaller receipts, but the marked fall-

ing off in the eastern shipping de-

mand after Monday was an obstacle

to maintaining the market on a much

higher basis. Judging from the way





hogs came in from the region around





Chicago, the supply in our home ter-

ritory has become decidedly short, and

prospects look good for high prices

this summer, despite the bearish at-

titude taken by the packers. Hogs

have been coming in good average

quality, with a recent rise in average

weight to 237 lbs., comparing with 245

lbs. a year ago. Choice light weights

continued the best sellers, with prime

heavy hogs selling about 5c below

these. There is much talk regarding

the future receipts, and it is regarded

as a significant fact that combined

receipts in all the markets for 1914

have been the smallest since 1910.

Fresh pork is having a large sale, and

provisions are active, considering

their dearness. The five leading west-

ern packing points held on the first

of the month aggregate stocks of 229,-

226,000 lbs., comparing with 249,094,—

000 lbs. a month earlier, but stocks

were 2,200,000 lbs. greater than a year

earlier. Hogs sold up to $8.62% on

the high day of the week, with sales

Saturday at $8@8.50 as an extreme

range for rough heavy packers to

prime light shipping grades, and prime

heavy lots selling close to the top.

Pigs brought $7.50@8.30. Hogs clos-

ed about 50 lower than a week earlier.



Sheep and lambs started off last

week with a moderate supply and a

further advance in prices that carried

prime Colorado wooled lambs to $9.50

per 100 lbs., the highest price record-

ed since May, 1912. At the same time

prime Colorado shorn lambs sold .up

to $8.60, and everything in the live

mutton line sold correspondingly high.

By Wednesday killers were unwilling

to operate at so high a level, and

lower prices prevailed for everything

oflered, although values were still ex-

tremely high as compared with a few

weeks ago, when supplies'were much

larger. Lambs have led the advances

as a rule, as well as the declines, and

the few spring lambs offered sold ex-

tremely well. The packers received

considerable numbers of southern

spring lambs consigned to them direct

from Louisville. At the week’s close

wooled lambs brought $9.30 for the

best down to $7.50 for common lots,





ADDITIONAL CROP AND MARKET

NOTES





 





 





Michigan.



Northern Isabella and Southern

Clare Co.’s.———Oat seeding is done and

fields begin to look green. Quite a

large acreage sown. Corn planting is

in full blast. Cattle and sheep are

out on pasture and meadows looking

pretty good. Quite a large acreage of

corn and beans will be planted, but

not many sugar beets will be raised,

as hired help is so scarce. Red wheat





88c; white wheat 88c; rye 560; oats

35c; beans $1.90; wool 17@210; cream

23c; eggs 17c; butter 17c; potatoes

55c per bushel.



Indiana.





Daviess Co.——Dry weather prevails.

Ground is hard to plow; corn late, big

crop and about half planted; wheat

prospects not so good as two weeks

ago; small crop of oats, not at all

promising. Pastures short and mead-

ows weedy, but prospects yet good for

big crop of hay. The pig crop larger

than usual; fewer sheep and lambs.

Fruit prospects good; plenty of ap-

ples; peaches partly killed only in a

few places a good crop left; plenty of

small fruits. Nearly everybody 'has

sprayed trees this year and set out

more fruit trees. Eggs 18c; butter

20c; chickens 12c; corn 70c; Wheat

$1; hay $20; hogs 8c; cattle 7c; lambs

760; wool 20c.



North Dakota.



Foster Co.—We have had a very

cold wet spring, but the weather is

more favorable now. Wheat seeding

is finished, but the acreage was de-

creased so as to get it sown in time.

Early grains are up, and the stand is

good, and pastures are getting green.

There have been many losses of pigs.

Several large groves were planted,

and nearly everyone put in a few

trees. Cattle prices are good at $7.50

@8; hogs $6.50; eggs 15c; butter 200:

wool 16@18c per lb.



South Dakota.



Deuel Co.—The pig and lamb crops

are fair. Wheat, rye, meadows and

pastures are fine. Fruit prospects are

good, and there was no damage done

to trees by mice. No spraying done.

Eggs 180; hogs $7.70; barley 45c; po-

tatoes 600; oats 30c.



Washington.



KIIcitat Co.—-—The acreage of spring

grains will be larger than last year.

Wheat, rye, meadows and pastures

look good. Fruit prospects are fine,

except for peaches, and many are dig-

ging up their peach orchards, as there

has been a poor crop for several years.

All orchards are sprayed as soon as

they come into bearing, and many

new orchards are being set. Pigs are

plentiful but high, a six-weeks-old pig

bringing $4. Cows $70@100; hens,

live 18@200; ducks 17@180; turkeys

22@28c: pork, dressed 15@200; mut-





ton 12@15c; veal,17@200; butter 30





@350; eggs '18@200. *
a»,





a





 





MAY 30, 1914. . ,y:





THIS IS THE FIRST EDITION.



The first edition is Sent to those who

have not expressed a desire for the

latest markets. The late market ed1-

tion will be sent on request at any

time. ,





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Thursday’s Market.

May 21, 1914.





Cattle.



Receipts 1368. Bulls dull; other

grades 10@20c lower than last week;

milch cows $5@10 lower.



Best heavy steers $8.75@9.10; best

handy weight butcher steers $8.25@

8.50; mixed steers and heifers $7.75@

8.25; handy light butchers $7.50@8;

light butchers $7@7.50; best cows

$6.75@7; butcher cows $6@6.50; com-

mon cows $5@5.50; canners $3@4.25;

best heavy bulls $7@7.25; bologna

bulls $6.50@6.85; stock. bulls $6.50@





6.75; feeders $7.25@7.50; _ stockers

$6.75@7.50; milkers and springers $45

@75. .





Roe Com. Co. sold Beach 8 feeders

av 795 at $7.65; to Mich. B. Co. 2

cows lav 1070 at $6.75, 1 do wgh 950

at $5, 3 do av 1090 at $6.75, 1 do wgh

1100 at $6, 1 do wgh 1100 at $5.25, 23

steers av 990 at $8.25; to Kamman B,

Co. 7 do av 967 at $8.10, 5 do av 930





'at $8, 2 cows av 1200 at $6.75, 5 do





av .1040 at $7; to BreSnahan 7 heifers

av 480 at $7; to Kamman B. Co.

bulls av 900 at $6 75; to Sullivan P.

Co. 21 steers av 982 at $8.25;

den 3 cows av 1040 at $5.50; to

Thompson Bros 1 do wgh 920 at $4;

to Kamman B. Co. 4 do av 960 at

$6.75; to Rattkowsky 3 cows av 980

at $6.25, 1 do wgh 840 at $5.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P. Co.

20 steers av 1040at $7.60, 26 do av

909 at $7.75, 20 do av 892 at $8.10, 10

do av 845 at $8, 2 bulls av 1410 at

$6.85, 1 steer wgh 750 at $7, 2 bulls

av 1150 at $6.75, 4 cows av 1082 at

$6.75; to Hammond, S. & Co. 1 bull

wgh 1280 at $7, 2 steers av 1060 at

$8.50, 12 do av 1088 at $8.70, 1 cow

wgh 1290 at $7, 2 steers av 1245 at

$6.75, 2 cows av 1260 at $6.75, 1 bull

wgh 1360 at $6.75, 5 cows av 1140 at

$6.50, 23 steers av 1050 at $8.25, 3

cows av 947 at $6, 13 steers av 990 at

$8.25; to Mason B. Co. 9 do av 861 at

$8, 1 cow wgh 930 at $7, 2 cow and

bull av 1130 at $6.25; to Bresnahan

8 steers av 785 at $7.40, 3 heifers av

503 at $6.50; to Breitenbeck 3 cows

av 960 at $5, 14 do av 1034 at $6.50;

to Kamman B. Co. 15 butchers av 908

at $7.90; to Parker, W. & Co. 2 can

ners av 810 at $4, 2 do av 685 at $4;

to Mich. B. Co. 2 cows av 985 at $5.25,

2 cows av 910 at $6.65, 10 do av 998

at $6, 18 steers av 1240 at $8.25; to

Ratner 1 bull wgh 1400 at $7.25; to

Parker, W. & Co. 21 steers av 1065

at $8.25; to Mich. B. Co. 8 do av 940

at $7, 11 do av 960 at $8, 5 do av 800

at $7.75, 1 do Wgh 1540 at $8.50.



Veal Cales.



Receipts 1144. Market steady. Best

$10@10.50; others $7@9.50.



Roe Com. Co. sold Newton B. Co. 1

wgh 130 at $8, 10 av 149 at $10.50, 4

av 185 at $8, 6 av 155 at $10.50.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts 1575. Market steady. Best

lambs $8@8.25; fair do $7@7.50; light

to common lambs $5.50@6; yearlings

$6.50@7.25; fair to good sheep $5.50

@6; culls and common $3@4; spring

lambs $10@11.



Hogs.



Receipts, 7755. Heavy $8.55; pigs

and lights $8.70; bulk of sales $8.60.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S.

& Co. 4300 av 190 at $8.60.



Same sold Miller & Co. 1012 av 200

at $8.70.



Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co.

617 av 190 at $8.60.





Friday’s Market.

May 22, 1914.

Cattle.



Receipts this week 1510; last week

1564; cow stuff 25@300 lower than

last week; butchers10@200 lower;

bulls steady. Best heavy steers $8.75

@9; best handy weight butcher steers

$8.25@8.50; mixed steers and heifers

$7.75@8.25; handy light butchers $7.50

@8; light butchers $7@7.50; best

cows $6.75@7; butcher cows $5.75@

6.25; common cows $5@5.50; canners

$3@4.25; best heavy bulls $7@7.25:

bologna bulls $6.50@6.85; stock bulls

$6.50@6.75; feeders $7.25@7.50; stock-

ers $6.75@7.50; milkers and springers





$45@75.

Veal Calves.



Receipts this week 1369; last week

1124; market dull and 50c lower than

Thursday’s opening. Best $9.50@10;

others $7@9.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this week 2036; last week

2028; market dull and 10@15c lower.

Best lambs $8; fair do i7.50@7.75;

light to common lambs 5.75@6.50;

yearlings $6.50@7.15; fair to good

5518531) $5@5.75; culls and common





 





Hogs.

Receipts this week 9955 ; last week





TVHE‘-'M4IC-HI





Ell lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllliifi





g Veterinary.





fillifllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIlllllllllillllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll

CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S





Exostosis.—-—I have a mare that has

a bunch on pastern midway between

coronet and fetlock. This enlarge-

ment is much the shape of an egg

and is very hard. Our local Vet. is

somewhat puzzled to know what it is.

T. M. W., Croswell, Mich—The hunch

is some composition of splint, spavin

and ringbone;

difficult to reduce or remove it. Ap-

ply one part red iodide mercury, one

part iodine and eight parts fresh lard

every five or six days.



Imperfect Udder.——One of my cows

came fresh yesterday, second calf.

She milked well last year and is in

good condition, but since she came

fresh I am unable to get milk from

only one teat. Local Vet. attempted

to draw milk with tube and other in-

struments, but the teats seem to be

clogged and he stated nothing could

be done to restore udder. The calf is

living on milk taken from one teat.

C. V. J., Merrill, Mich.—~Your cow is

not worth considering for dairy pur-

poses. She might raise her calf, then





E





 





2 fatten her.





Luxation of Stifle.—The stifle of my

two-year-old fllly seems to slip out of

place and when she moves, especially

on a turn, it gets back into position,

then she walks all right.

id City, Mich—Clip hair off stifle and

apply one part cantharides and eight

parts fresh lard every week or ten

days and she will be all right.



Congested Udder.——My 10~year-old

cow freshened last March, caught

cold, udder became cengested; I fo-

mented same with hot water several

times a day until inflammation sub-

sided, then applied bag-balm, but ud-

der is not yet clear. Is the milk fit

for use? I. M. W., Clayton, Mich.—

Milk drawn from diseased udders

should not be used in the home. Ap-

ply one part iodine and 20 parts fresh

lard to diseased portion .of udder once

or twice a day and give her a table-

spoonful of powdered nitrate of pot-

ash and a dessertspoonful of fluid ex-

tract phytolacca at a dose two or

three times a day. Are you sure that

she does not bruise udder?





Splint—Will you publish in your

paper a cure for splint on fore leg of

horse? S. A. R., Townley, Mich.~—

Splint is usually the result of concus—

sion or a blow; therefore, you may be

able to ascertain cause and remove

it. Apply one part red iodide mer-

cury and eight parts lard once aweek

also give the horse rest and he will

soon get well.





 





 





Surrles





Buggles, Spring Wagons and





 





Direct To

from Your

our

Fern.

Factory

Only one roflt above the actual cost of manufac-





turing is n i you need to pay. We can save you money

no matter where you live or what you want in the

way of vehicles. Write us for ourefrec Catala —

a. posts! will do. Kalamazoo Carriage a ar-

ness Company. Dept. M. Kalamazoo. Mich.





 





 





 





   

   

 





J‘A VE MONEY





0“ LUMBER





Your

lpey the Irolght and save you the are!“

of both wholesaler end reteller.



For 33 years I've been in the lumber business

here in Bay City and I've fot manufacturing

costs down to rock bottom. have nothing but

god clean lumber and give you n Guarantee

. and that every piece will be up to grade. If

it isn't I'll refund your money.



I promise to save you at least I! per cool. When

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Sendme your schedule an let me make you

a. detail estimate. Do this today soyou won't

be dolufied. Write me ersonelly.



T EODORE H NE. PRESIDENT





HINE LUMBER 00.,

203 Salzburg Ave. Dav. City. Mich.





   





 





 





Will you ride this--





' .— 9- n“ . _. 7 Twin-cylinder. two-gear, 60-

$": ”SW/A mile-per-hour Motorcycle this

‘, . r” ‘ oming Fourth of July. Some-

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Tue Guests. 9! Pen? Cruolrneu‘. MICH





 

 

 

 





 





therefore it will be'





 





F. W., Rap- .





GAN FARMER





   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





.Free Catalog





Describes entire Free-



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Cutters a n d up-to-date

Freeman (Patented) Enclosed

Steel Carriers and Blowers. It

means satisfaction and money-saving

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The S. Freeman & Sons Mfg. Co.





212 Michigan Ave. -»

RACINE. - WISCONSIN.





 

 

 

 

 





 

 





 





REEMAN ENSIlAGE CUTTER





.. WORLD’S STANDARD FOR OVER 30 YEARS





The Freeman Ensilage Cutter is the strongest, safest. most

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Justable knives, large feed rolls, mfety fly wheel, mfaty mp 1mm-

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Carrier (Patented) is nu] endured—fills silo quicker. redu-





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Cur: can, mm: tinu, nap: want. Has ad-

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l fill





s‘?‘ 5..” / — ’ "

; glmmull'm, _ :

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. _—— —.-I





so use ' ‘

concerns:





,7 THE COST

:‘l'l With the Farmers‘

‘7‘\_Ii_“_\@mentlile Machine.





Mskcstilea £08 -.in



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Machine and tile used by U. S. Depart-

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Ma fl/ Ice/I





 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





   

 

 





V, x, All parts of the Provinces of

l‘ Manitoba. Saskatchewan and .

Alberta. have produced wonderful '

islds of Wheat. Oats. Barley and

. 'lax. Wheat graded from Contract

., to No. 1 Hard, weighed heavy and

-: yielded from 20 to 45 bushels

per acre: 22 bushels was about the

tel average. Mixed Farming may be

considered fully as profitable an Industry as

grain raising. The excellent grasses full of

nutrition. are the only food required either ,

p for beef or dairy purposes. In 1912. at Chl- .

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Championship for beef steer. Good . -

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lent. For too homes der. the men who . .

wlshes to farm extensively, or the investor.

Canada offers the biggest opportunity

of any place on the continent.

Apply for descriptive literature

an reduced railway rates to

Superintendent of Immigration.

we Conn . or

Cenndinn Government Agent.





II. V. Msclnncs.

m Jcilcrccn Avenue.

Detroit. Mich.





 





LIVE





Let us handle your

POULTRY, poultry, fruits, farm pro-

BROILEIIS, ducts. Our 25 years in

FRUITS, the same store assures

POTA’I‘0ES, your satisfactory results.

0NIONS. CHAS. W. MINI & SON,

ETC. Detroit, Michigan.





 





Shlp your Hay lo Plllsburgh and lo

Ilanlcl Metallrey Sons Company

Pittsburgh. Pa.



ReL—sny bank or Mercantile Agency

FARMERS—W0 are paying good premium above

the onions Detroit Market for new-



leid eggs shipped direct tons by express. Write us

for in ormetion. It will pay you. American Butter

& Cheese Co. 31-38 Griswold St.. Detroit. Mich.





' Wholesale Commission House.

“"888. Flillflr& can Detroit. Want your apples.

potatoes. poultry and rabbits. Quick returns.





Farms and Farm lands For Sale





W‘HIEB to hear of good form or unimproved land

for sale. Send desori tion and rinse.

Northwestern Business Agency. inn.





 





 





 





innespol is,





 





 





WANTED AN IDEA. Who can think of simple

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ATTORNEYS. DEPT. 67. WASHINGTON. D. O.





 





948-7; market 5.@10c lower; all grades

$8.50@8.55. ' .. .





W0 Ambitious young men desire position on farm

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Ex 1' to

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FARMS, GOOD, CHEAP PROFITABLE.





UNUSUAL OPPORTUNIITIES NOW.

State Board of Agriculture. Dover. Delaware.





WANTEDW buy a. term of 60 to 100 1. near Detroit. from

owners onlv.give full perticulsrsJowost rice In first letter.

Address, Ed. Feige, or. 60 McLean Avo.. Big and Pork, Mich.





$4500 80 e.. 9-room house. large basement born fruit

15 s. clover. good soil, nesr Ry. town. Detroit

40 mi. Other terms. The Ypsilanti Agency compile-51!“





 





 





 





Full 7 Jewe





Genuine seven jeweled Railroad wstoh worth 015 to anyone who requires In abso-

lutely reliable timekeeper and e watch thet will less 5 lifetime.

dial, stem end

. quicktrdn. limo in heavy or medium weight solid ore-silver dustprocf scrswcue,

‘ both case and works eboolutely guaranteed for 20 years. 'l‘ondvortisc our business.

make new friends and introduce our greet catalogue of Sign: watch as we will send

this closest witch to any address by mail postpeld for o N LY 3

this advertisement with 82.96 Ind watch will be sent to you by return mail

peld. Sstisfsction guaranteed or money refunded. Send 82.96 today. Addnll

I. E. CHALMI Rs I GO .. 538 So. Donrbom 8h. OHIGAOOo





Locomotive on

teed seven jewels. brequet halrsprlng, potent regulltor.





2.95.5m‘

post





 

 





   





MICHIGAN FARMING LAN DS





Near Saginaw and Bay City. In Gladwin and Midland

Counties. Low prices: Ensé terms: Clesrtitle. Write

for maps and particulars. TAFFELD BRQ’l HERS.

15 Merrill Building. Saginaw. (W. 8.). Michigan.





on moo om" Has-16° m .... a... .m.

- - farming section 80. Mich.

near milk condensery. good school. all tiled, woven

wire fence, line buildings. owner retiring. a. bargain.

address quick. F. A. KlNNEY, Seneca. Lenawee 00.. Mich.





I: S I —Farm 130 acres. Stark Oo.,'Ohio, 10 miles

or a e from Canton and one mile from B.B.

station—several small towns near, 5mlles to brick

road. Land is rolling and productive. Good 8—room

house and out kitchen; bank barn 36x80; new silo

12x30; there are other outbuildings. Half the crops

065 with the farm and will invoice half stock at a.

ow fl ure. Only $55 per acre. Make nppoxntment

with AMES BRAND. Stockport. Ohlo.





SUMMER ALL THE TIME!

p.375“ MUFMNII lIlIIIS. iffiigia‘l'é‘im’i-X‘i nil.

grow alfalfa. walnuts. peaches, apricots. cherries,





gra es. almost everything. Write for information.

3). D. TOWAR. East Lansing, Michigan.





125 ACRES





Stream-watered posture, 52

feet thresh floor in barn, 30

head tie-up. 4000 strawberry

plants; one mile to railroad





v A L u E s town church. schools. etc,

$10,000; cheap at that.





FARMERS' REALTY C0.. - QUAKERTOWN. PA.





 





 





HONEST





 





‘ ' . Excellent land in Minnesota

Investmate 11113. North anota.Montsna.Idaho.

Weshin ton and Oregon—adjacent to the Northern

Pacific ailwey—the best developed sections of the

Northwest: obtainable at low prices. State land on

long payments deeded land on ere payment plan;

good climate, good schools—no iso ated pioneering.



end for literature saying what state most interests

you. . .BRICKER. Gen. Immlg. Act" 380

Northern Pacific Ry.. St. Paul. Minn.





BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY.





(Continued from page 577.)





MY OH MY!

What an Opportunity.





Starting Mny lst, we are going to give to the farm-

ers and breeders an opportunity to get started right

in the breeding industry. We are going to ive you

achance to get hold of foundation stockt at will

give you a. nucleus for one of the finest and best



erds in your community. We are going to show you

as we have others. that you wl l have greater

success with our big type





POLAND CHINAS





than with any other breed. We want to place at





 





 





least one pig. or a pair inevery community. to adver-

tise our her'. We Wlll give agency, if not already

taken. If Interested, write for our plan and prices.





HILLCREST FARM. KALAMAZOO. MICK.





 





P c —Fall boars and gilts. Springv‘pigs. Shorthorn

- - females. Oxford Sheep. 0. . CRUM. Seoy..

Cent. Mich. Shorthorn Ass‘n., McBrides. Michigan.





 





POLAND CHINA PIGS—From large Prolific stock.

Shorthorn Bull Calves. EW 81 per 15 from choice





Barred Rocks. ROBERT NF Pierson. Michigan.





 





BUTLER'S Big Boned Prolific Poland Chinns. Grow

big. kee‘gflnsy. mature early. ready for market at

Gmonths. by? Because we've bred them that way

for more than 20 years.

ready for servtoe. Buy one and make more money on

your hogs. You can't get any better at any rice.



.0. History Free. J. O. BUTLER. Portland. ich.





We have 25 big boned boars





 





30 Poland China Full Pigs—Good ones from immune

sows 910 and 815 each, while they last. Bred sow

sole Feb. 27th.send your name for catalog if you want to

buy Big Types with Quality. Wm. Wniile, Coldwnter. Mich.





350 BIG TYPE MULE FOOT EGGS—America's

Champion Herd. Prolific herd . Best for Mich.

Also Ponies. J. DUNLAP.Box MWihiamapon. Ohio





 





 





B d . 1) ed ili‘. d b

Mule Foot J2... $335.15“. 0.1.32. sill:

faction guaranteed. . C. KREGLOW. Ada. Ohio

Yorkshiros—Spring Pig: 0i Excollcni Quality.

GUY J. DOTY. R. . MonroeI Michigan.

--Y 1! h‘ b d f i .

FOR SALE sfitssbiéfi r§.‘§e§€“cln§§.‘°i§¥i§§.

reasonable. C. H. JOBSE. Mt. Clemens. Mich.

YORKSHIRE Swine—March & Apr. pigs ready to ship.





Pairs not akin, Colle ePrincess an Cooks Bacon

foundation stock. G60. 8, oMullen.Grend MdgeJdloh.





 





 





YorkSNlISS Guaranteed to not die of Cholera. Prolific.

long deep and well fleshed. Pigs read for

delivery. Not akin. Cribbs Bros. Wetervliet. Ioh.





YORKSHIRES





The large. long-bodied. prolific kind, Gilts bred for

J uly. August and September furrow. A choice lot of

spring pigs. pairs and trios.not skin. Prices reasonable





We 69 COOK. Re 42. Ad‘s MIChI"n-





Lillie Farmstead Yorkshire:





Open gilts and gilts bred for' September furrow.

Sp n pigs either sex pairs and tries not skin.

So is action guaranteed.





COLON c. LILLIB. Coopersviue. Michlgen.





o
”I 'I

“3 w 'i"

kill shill-‘1 .‘.f

'i' ....—.





Profit Maker



Does high class baling with minimum

expense for power and crew. Big capa-

city—low upkeep cost. Light draft—2

horses haul it easily. Weight as shown

with engine 4250 lbs. With or without

engine or engine platform. Suitable

mounts for any standard engine.





WRITE FOR THE ELI BOOK





Get facts on Eli construction—18

models—belted motor. geared motor.

belt power and horse power. Write

‘. today. Address





COLLINS PLOW C0.

1117 Hampshire at.





., Quincy.





gmo





tmulztn ANTI-COINS"!

lNo-Co-Ro METAL “





 





 





Their practical construction stands

_‘ for lasting service. Made 0! N O-CO-RO

_. Metal—an exceptionally pure galvanized iron. .

? Perfectly fitting doors make the “ZYRO” Silo





Absolutely Air-Tight





It cannot crack, shrink or collapse—is practi-

‘ cally trouble-proof. Many unique and ex

elusive features put the “ZYRO” Silo in a clan





of its own. Write today for

FRE B°°k °' FACTS





Metal Silo

Tells all about "ZYRO" Silos and shows them

“on duty" with many prominent farmers and

dairymen. It you think of building a silo.

study the “ZYRO” advantages. Write for

helpful catalog today.





The Canton Culvert (30., Box 120 Canton, Ohio





 





 





 





   

 

   

 

   

   

   

   

   





 





SILO FILLEBS





 





Booked up by

64 years oi experienoe





The Ross is the only machine of this type that

is equipped with steel cutting a paretus.

steel blower disc, and steel truc . Other

machines of this type are furnished with cast

1 iron cutting apparatus, cast iron blower disc.

. The steel equipment makes the Ross Indes-

tructible, and the most reliable and durable

silo filling machines on the market. Strong

claims made for strength, capacity. durabil-

ity and ease in feeding. Ask for large catalog





Ills E. W. Ross 00., Box 114 Springfield, Ohio





 

 





 





 





 





 





Keeps Corn

Fresh and Sweet





You can keep ensilage as succu-

lent and palatable as the day you

cut the corn if you protect it from

air, heat and moisture with a





Netco Imperishahle Silo





Built ol vitrified clay hollow blocks—it

, lasts for generations without painting or



repairs. No stoves to warp or shrink



—no hoops to tighten-Airs:



cost the last cost.





WesthsrprooinDecsypi-oo("Fireproof

It will protect you against loss from

norms and will be a permanent



addition to your farm buildings.

FREE 51 L0 BOOK - \Vrite

today (or tree Catalog “A".

National

Fire Proofing Company

Lansing, Mich.





. ca altnrriidnknkouuufll

.





 





 





 





 

 





 





 





' Direct from

N factory, height





or,





       

 





 





 





s 5

ll

u





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





ALL

BROWN FINCI & WIRE o

3:92" 49 Cleveland. Ohio





     





 

 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





THE CONSERVATION OF SOIL

MOISTURE.





(Continued from page 566).

Surface Cultivation Should Speedily

Follow a Rain.



Following a very heavy rain, the

soil becomes packed and in a very

short time an intricate capillary sys-

tem is started up in the surface soil.

This draws the soil water to the sur-

face and thus very rapidly causes the

dissipation of the moisture by evap-

oration into the air. It becomes nec-

essary, therefore, if this moisture is

to be conserved for plant growth, that

as speedily as possible this surface

capillary condition should be destroy-

ed. This is done by surface cultiva-

tion and is successful only in that soil

in which previous to the planting of

the seed a well prepared seed bed has

been established.



Deep Cultivation vs. Shallow Cultiva-

tion.



Deep cultivation is not practiced

during the growing season of the year

and is not necessary if the soil has

been properly prepared previous to

the sowing of the seed. If so prepar-

ed it will not be sufficiently compact

'to make a penetration by means of

the roots an uncertain feature.



Surface cultivation will accomplish

both processes of conservation, name-

ly, the conservation of soil moisture

first, and second, the eradication of

noxious weeds and the like, both pro-

cedures being necessary to reserve

for the growing crop its full comple-

ment of soil moisture. In most in-

stances the greatest damage done to

a growing crop by weeds and the like

is caused by their withdrawing from

the soil of this soil water which we

are so anxious to conserve. Conse-

quently cultivation which aims at the

conservation of soil moisture stops

short of accomplishing its full purpose

in this line when it does not remove

the weeds and the like at the same

time.



An Illustration of Nourishment

Through Capillary Water.



The enormous influence of capillary

water of soils was very strikingly

presented to the writer on a trip over

the high sand dunes of northern Mich-

igan a few years ago. Over near

Point Betsey, on the Lake Michigan

shore, as we were crossing one of the

high sand dunes for which this region

is noted, on the very top of one of the

highest dunes We found growing in

the greatest of luxury a sand cherry

plant probably extending over an area

of 10 feet in diameter. There was no

evidence of any possible external

source of nourishment. Water there

was none, but it was very evident to

see that in this highest point the

plant was deriving its nourishment

through the capillary water of the soil

which in this manner had risen a very

great many feet through dry sand to

the top of this sand dune. Not only

was the plant growing in apparent

luxury, but it was loaded with a crop

of rich, luscious sand cherries.



It is this ability to conserve the

soil moisture which has made the

principle of dry farming so success-

ful in the middle west, and at this pe-

riod of the year and from now on dur-

ing the period of greatest growth, it

is this feature of cultivation that de-

serves the most careful attention on





 





 





 





the part of the farmer.





Send a Postal Today—





I have a. 140 page book that I want to send





Let

Phei

Send You





Guarantee For Two leole Years/

Read My Oflcr of 30 Days" Free Road Test!





H. C. Phelps, President, The Ohio Carriage Manufacturing Company





 





you free. It will detail to you a plan

\ thathas helped nearly 200,000

» people to save

$25





\ :0 ‘

l»

\V‘ '





\_—





A, _* .- for the big

book today. Read my





 





 





 





Flying Dutchman,

Hay Loader





No Ropes

No Chains .

No Cogs .~..

No Gears .

No Delays





Loader





With this Loader, one man can put on a good, even load of hay, in

practically the same time that it would take two men with other loaders.



The Flying Dutchman loads hay, clover or alfalfa without “chewing it up”

or threshing out the seed.



.It operates with the long, easy, natural stroke of the hand rake, elevates

carefully and loads it on the wagon in excellent condition.



Works on an entirely new principle that does away with all cams, drums,

chains, sprockets, rope webs, gears and trouble.



Light Draft and Long Life—There’s nothing to wear out or get out of

order, and the extra long stroke does not pound the machine to pieces.



No Clogging—The yielding deck effectually prevents clogging. Heavy or

light hay, swath or windrow can be handled without any adjustment.



All-Steel Frame—It cannot warp, sag, rot, nor get out of shape.





Many ADRIANCE Mowers g





 





l

r?





In Use 40 Years





Are giving excellent service today.

No other Mower has such a record

because none is so well built.



Adriance Mowers have nearly 60



cars of the hardest kind of service



ack of them.



They are the best made—simplest in

construction—lightest draft—most



powerful—need fewest repairs, thou- ~ w

sands of users will testify.



Adjustable carrying springs take weight from center bar and put it on

the Wheels, greatly reducing draft and increasing traction.



Cutter Bar follows the ground no matter how uneven it may be. .



Automatic spring draft prevents damage to machine, driver or team in case

obstruction is struck.



Forward acting, natural position foot lever makes ideal foot brace in

controlling fractious team. I





 





Many other strong Adriance features explained in our FREE BOOKLET.

Write for it today. '

Your Flying Dutchman Dealer sells Adriance Mowers, Flying Dutchman

Hay Loaders and complete line of Flying Dutchman

Farming Implements. See him.





Moline Plow Co.





Dept. 26 MOLINE, ILL.





 





BigTonnagel Big Profits. 5 A N DWIC H





N delays sure certain o eration These are ours 5 O L ' D S T E E L



o , , .



with the fast working San wich Motor Press. any 5



owners make enough clear cash to pay for their out- H AY p R E s s E



fits the first ear—$200 to $300 clean profit each _



month. One andwich owner writeshe baled “32 tons in 8 hours with a 3-man crew." Another how he



averaged $18 to $22 per day after paying all expenses. These men can do this because the have the right



press. 20 years experience built into it and special patented features foupd only on the andwich press



—these are the reasons Sandwwh owners make morehmonery than othprg. T e Sandwich way. the sure we .



as a opper coo e as engine mounts on same truc



SANDWICH MOM, Mlk'l’ MOTOR PRESS 4, 6, 8 or 10 h. p., o .more power than rated. Genre



magneto. Full engine power delivered to Press by heavy steel roller chain. N 0 power lost, no belts to slip >

or to delay. Simple self—feeder and the big feed opening ‘



. Just swallows the hay. Friction clutch right on press.





-. Free Book! The Way to Wln

'. Send a postal today for our free catalogue “Tons Tell. "

.. It. gives on reliable figures of the cost and profits of

3 the hay sling: shows all the: Sandwich Hay Presses,

, both_ motor, belt and horse power. Also ask for our

_ special terms. so you can bugV your press from the

. profits made the first year. rite Quick. Address

‘ Sandwich Mfg. 00.. 1090ak Street, Sandwich, Ill. .1

lox‘loD .Ceunell Bluffs. In. Box 109 Kansas City. Me. i





 





Can Start

or Stop .

Instantly





Coupled





Easy to Turn





Great on " 3, " Zia to 3%

Winds-owe * " tons per hour





 





 





 





s





In I





Cost only one-third as mm: as ordinary iron, wire or gas pipe

gates, but last twice as long. Neat in appearance—b and strongest gate

made—light, easy to handle, opens both ways. Boar s are double bolted



between eight angle steel upright: and double truss braces. guaranteed never to sag. .





Cost Less Than All Wood Gates—Last 5 Times as Long '

Can't Sag Gates are furnished com leh read to hon "or just the Gate Steels which ,-

Include everythin except the boar _s. Paton self-loo ing hinge feature-«reinforced ‘

,. two piece msllesb o hinges. Six Triangular Truss Braces make gates extra strong.

[in roved Elevating Attnc ment permits the gate to be raised full length

AlvinVJloweJ’r-u. Iron? 6 to 80 inches. so small stockcsn pass under. and to swing over snow.





30 Days Free Trial and





5 Year Guarantee .

Catalog shows both complete Gates

undjust the Steelsmt prices you can't sflord

miss, Send for myAnew cstnlo with free .3

days met and fruaht pupa oin. .

Alvln V. Rowe. Pres.

OW! MANUFACTURING co.





n f ‘ '

665 Adams Sh. osleshurg, Ill. . '





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





(I.

v





 

 





9!

it, *9





I\\ I‘m]:





 





 





 





 





 





 





flap-“M .u—n -





on each vehicle. A plan good enough,

honest enough and economical enough

to do that, is one you

‘ should getposted





your chance

to get ahead of your

. r’ neighbors—to be first to gain

by this plan. Don't forget it—write tonight for it.





Station. 32 Columbus, Ohio