fame:





PUBLISH





 





The Only Weekly Agricultural,





VOL. CXLll. No. 26.

Whole Number 3789.





Making The





T is a matter of common knowl-



edge that the ‘beef animals sold



from Michigan farms are gener-

ally inferior in market quality and

thus in market value, as compared

with the beef produced in the corn

belt states to the south and-west.

This is, of course, partly due to the

fact that the calves produced on Mich-

igan farms are not, for the most part,

well bred from a beef standpoint, but

there is no doubt that the calves pro-

duced and marketed in the form of

beef upon the average Michigan farm

could be greatly enhanced in value by

judicious feeding from the start. The

fact that beef production is a side

line with the average small farmer is

not a good reason why he should not

get the maximum possible profit from

this branch of his business.



It has been conclusively demon-

strated that more profit can be deriv-

' ed from the production of baby beef

than from the feeding of the same

catflei‘tev two or three years of age.

This fact is reflected hot alone in the

market quotations of our principal

live stock markets, but as well in the

show rings where the best that the

art of the breeder and the skill of the

feeder can produce meet in competi-

tion for premier honors. Here the

baby beef, as typified by the tidy and

Well-finished yearling and sometimes

even the forward calf, has won so

consistently in recent years and can

be so much more economically pro-

duced by feeders that at the great

International Live Stock Exposition

the class for three-year-old fat steers

has this year been eliminated.



Trials made at experiment stations

throughout the country, as well as the

experiences of practical feeders, all

indicate the great economy of gains

produced with young animals as com-

pared to those of more advanced age,

while market values for the well-fin-

ished youngsters are always found

close to the top in all market reports

during recent years.



In order to produce tender, juicy

beeves, however, it is necessary to

feed liberally and judiciously from the

very start, not only keeping the young

calf growing thriftily, but never per-

mitting it to lose its fatty covering of

flesh at any time. Good baby beef

cannot be produced from calves as

ordinarily grown the

first season by the av-

erage farmer. They

must be kept gaining

in flesh as well as

growing. in frame.

from ‘the‘ very start,

and to accomplish this

end requires not only





careful feeding but

skillful attention to

the details ‘of ' com-





pounding and admin-

istrating the ration at

all times. While the

trOuble with the ma-

jority of calves grown

under average farm

conditions is a lack of

the proper kind of .





‘fiwEEKLK





HDE





 





DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, JUNE 27,1914.





 





feed in sufficient quantities, the feed-

ing of too large a quantity of unbal-

anced feed or lack of attention to

proper sanitation may work almost

equal mischief. Too heavy feeding of

skim-milk to a young calf that is near

ly famished from long fasting, will of-

ten produce digestive disorders, and

more particularly if fed from an un-

clean bucket, or if the calf is kept in

unsanitary surroundings. Generally,

however, the average farmer feeds

nothing but skim-milk and such grass

as the calf may be able to pick in an

indifferent pasture during the sum-

mer. There is nothing better for a

young calf than good, nutritious grass,





the very young calf this can be best

accomplished by the feeding of a

small quantity of flaxseed boiled into

a jelly and added to the milk. A lit-

tle later corn meal can be used in

whole or in part for this purpose. A

good grain ration for calves after they

have attained age enough so that they

will eat the grain separately is ground

corn, ground oats, wheat bran and oil

meal in the proportions of three,

three, one and one parts, respectively.

After they have become accustomed

to eating this grain ration, and while

they are bcir'; fed skim-milk, there

need be little In!" of over-feeding on

the grain, provided no more is given





 





 





 





Well Grown Beef Calves of the Popular Angus Breed.





but for best results it should be near

the barns where the calves can have

access to a darkened stable as a pro-

tection from sun and flies during the

mid-day summer heat. Otherwise it

will be found better to confine the

calves to the stable, feeding bright

clover or alfalfa hay for forage, or

better yet, soiling them on freshly cut

legumes or grasses. But in addition

to the skim-milk which should be fed

in moderate quantities or just a little

less than the amount which will sat-

isfy the calf or induce digestive dis—

orders, supplementary feeds should

be added which will balance up the

skim-milk ration and supply the fats

which have been taken from the

whole milk in the form of cream. For





them than they will eat up clean at

feeding time.



After the calves have been weaned

from the skim-milk, the amount of

grain fed can be regulated to the char-

acter of the pasture or forage which

is available, but the idea should al-

ways be kept in mind that if they are

to be made into a first-class quality of

baby beef, a liberal covering of flesh

should be maintained at all times. In

the matter of feeding, too much em-

phasis can hardly be placed upon the

importance of sanitary feeding ves-

sels, and it is better where several

calves are fed together to provide a

small row of stanchions in which they

can be confined during feeding and

for a brief period after the meal.





 





Holstein Calves which Have Been Fed for a Thrifty Growth without Fattenlng.





g

/

a





\i‘ \\ as“





MAW





Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





 





50 CENTS5 A YEAR.

82 FOR YEARS





ost of the Calf Crop.





A farmer who has once given the

attention to the proposition which is

necessary to growing a calf properly,

will take sufficient pride in the ani-

mal to continue the same careful feed-

ing until it is finished for market,

which will be in perhaps fourteen

months from date of birth, and the

satisfaction at receiving a price for

the finished product which exceeds

that usually secured for a yearling or

two-year-old steer as ordinarily fed,

will be such as to fix the habit of

pushing the calves from the start in

future years.



The dairyman who is producing

calves to replace older cows in his

herd, will need to follow somewhat

different methods, although no less

care should be exercised in the feed-

ing of the calves for this purpose. It

is not necessary, nor yet desirable,

to keep the calves being grown for

dairy cows in the high flesh which is

essential in feeding calves for the

production of baby beef. The calves

intended for this purpose should be

kept growing vigorously, but should

be fed more largely on a protein ra-

tion. In fact, the ordinary practice fol-

lowed in the feeding of calves upon

the farm where good pasture is pro-

vided, where protection from flies and

shade from excessive heat is avail-

able, and where the skim~milk diet is

so regulated as to obviate serious di-

gestive troubles, cannot be so severely

criticised from the standpoint of the





production of good dairy cows as for





the production of beef in a profitable

manner. A supplementary grain ra-

tion can, hOWever, generally be profit-

ably fed, and if not excessive, or too

fattening in character, will produce a

more vigorous growth which will re-

sult in a matured animal with larger

digestive capacity and greater powers

of assimilating feed, which are essen-

tial factors in the profitable dairy an‘

imal, than could be produced in the

same animal if so fed as to stunt its

growth or retard its normal develop-

ment.



The erroneous idea is held by many

farmers, that beef cannot be profit-

ably produced on a small scale and

where it is only .a side line of produc—

tion, but the giving of proper atten-

tion to the calf crop from start to fin-

ish would result in

the early correction of

this erroneous idea,

and would materially

swell the aggregate

receipts from Michi-

gan farms. If the

reader should be one

who has been doubt-

ful about the profit of

beef production as a

side line, he can eas-

ily become convinced

of the truth of the

above statements by

giving a little special

attention to his 1914

calf crop, even though

it may number but a

few individuals.
634—2





 





THE MICHIGANI'F‘A’RM'ER.





JUNE‘ 27. 1914; .





 





WILL THE FARMER PROFIT BY

THE STANDARDIZATION

OF POTATOES?





 





That will depend entirely upon what

kind of a farmer he is. If he is one

of that class that seldom reads the

newSpapers and farm journals, or that

pays little attention to markets or

market quotations, then he will not

be benefited by the establishment of

standards for market potatoes. 'If he

pays no attention to the selection of

his seed, to the treatment of the same

for scab, or to the matter of spraying

for blight, it is likely that he will not

be interested in having standard

grades of potatoes. If he takes a mis-

cellaneous lot of all sizes of potatoes,

some dirty and some scabby, to mar-

' ket, then the standardization of mar-

ket potatoes could not help him, un-

less, perchance, it might teach him

the value of grading his products. In

fact, the farmer who is producing or

putting on the market an inferior pro-

duct is by no means benefited by the

establishment of standards for farm

produce.



On the other hand, those farmers

who take a pride in their work, read,

study and think how to do it better,

who are in the habit of keeping close

watch on the market quotations and

trade comment will receive more for

their produce in a market where stan-

dards have been established. They

will receive a just reward for their

care in marketing smooth, clean and

uniform potatoes. You will find these

farmers making use of all the assist.

ance they can get from books, papers,

their neighbors, the Agricultural Col-

lege, the U. S. Department of Agricul-

ture, and in fact, from every source;

and you will find them making use of

the ideas they gather, not accepting

them because “new,” nor discarding

them because “old,” but adopting

them because their judgment tells

them they are worth trying.



The same principle holds good with

other farm products, as well as with

potatoes. The farmers who make good

butter and market it in attractive

form have much to gain in selling in

a market where standards are estab-

lished. That farmer who tries to sell

that very unsavory product of some

dairies which more nearly resembles

grease than butter, would fare very

badly in such a market, and as a con-

sequence would have little use for it.

There is the same advantage in sell-

ing clean, fresh eggs where standards

are adhered to and the consequent

disadvantage of selling poor ones

there. So on through the catalogue.



The method which has previously

obtained in selling products off the

farm has been sort of a trade “Un-

sight, unseen.” A trade, by the way,

in which the middleman has all the

advantage, for he sells on a market

where products are standardized and

his experience and close observation

enables him to estimate quite accur-

ately what the farmers’ mixed lot will

bring when separated into the grades

of the wholesale market.



I have little patience with the farm-

er who unceasingly complains about

getting the worst end of the bargain

in business and then will deliberately

“knock” every legitimate movement

likely to place him on an equal foot-

ing with other lines of business. The

adjustment of conditions so that the

farmer shall get a just reward for his

labor is not easy, but the greatest

hindrance to it now is that class of

farmers which, without an under-

standing of the purpose of the move-

ments, opposes every attempt at or-

ganization for the solution [of the

' market problems. I suppose they

have become so accustomed to seeing

things work to the advantage of the

other fellow that they are beginning





conditions, This movement to organs





me the people interested in the potato

industry is one of them. And, to re-

affirm what I said at the beginning of

this article, the wide-awake, progres-

sive and prosperous farmer will profit

by what the organization is trying to

do. And I am glad to say that so far

as my observation goes, this kind of





farmer outnumbers the other kind at





least five to one. There is no logical

reason why the farmer should not

profit by those principles of business

which the world of commerce have

proven sound. And one of those prin-

ciples is that it pays to have standard

grades of goods and to be familiar

with them.

Saginaw Co. E. P. ROBINSON.





BUCKWHEAT AS A GRAIN CROP.





 





Prof. W. A. Henry says: “If freed

from the hulls, I am sure buckwheat

grain will show a higher value than

barley, because there would be more

protein.” In regard to buckwheat pro-

ducts he says: “All will be found

very valuable for stock feeding pur-

poses, especially with dairy cows and

growing pigs.”



As I owned and operated a mill for

nearly 50 years, I think I have fed

more of the middlings than any other

farmer in northern Pennsylvania. My

experience warrants me in saying that

they are worth as much for feeding

purposes as the whole ground grain.

Our blacksmith showed me a hog well

fattened, that had n:' been pastur-

cd, or fed any kind L 1-1, or grain

product except buckwheat middlings.



Buckwheat is a good feed for egg

production. Hens will eat it almost

as readily as corn, which cannot be

said of oats or rye.



The value of buckwheat for batter

cakes is known far and near in the

United States. In some places, hot

griddle cakes eaten with fresh meat

gravy, or butter and molasses, consti-

tute the principal breakfast food for

many families in winter. The value

of buckwheat for human food is well

known, but its value for stock and

poultry is not so well understood.



The quantity of buckwheat that can

be raised in the United States appears

to be limited, not so much because

the region natural for it is smaller

than for wheat, but because it does

not fit into any rotation of crops that

can be profitably raised in the buck-

wheat regions, and I have known the

same field to be sown for six years in

succession and produce average crops

~the last not being much inferior to

the first. I have sometimes sown rye

after buckwheat in the fall, and buck-

wheat again after the rye was har-

vested, and had good yields of both

grains, but buckwheat sown so late is

in danger of being nipped by an early

fall frost. A rotation that might be

adopted would be clover, corn, buck-

wheat and rye. This would leave out

oats and wheat, and if the corn ground

was manured the buckwheat following

it would be sure to lodge.



In the year 1912 Michigan produced

1,088,000 bushels of \buckwheat, being

more than any otheflstate in the Un-

ion, except New York and Pennsyl-

vania.





Pennsylvania. J. W. INGHAM.





 





WHY?





 





Why will the average farmer pay

$35 to $38 for a common sulky plow

when $45 or $50 will buy a reversible

right and left hand type of sulky

plow? Such a plow will plow any

shaped field just as it ought to be

plowed, no dead 'furrows; no back

furrows. It will plow away from a

ditch bank until the water will run

directly into the ditch without having

to soak through a high bank. Why





to think that the fates have by dfi‘wfll many farmers plow a. nice, well





cree established the odds against

them. It is well, however, to judge

a movement by its merits, and some

will be found unmistakably sincere in

their purpose to improve agricultural





drained field in lands, making it full

of dead furrows, to run a hay loaded

over, to say nothing of a hinder or

mowing machine? _ _



I consider the common sulky plow,





saw-ordinarily -used, about {the Norst

nuisance that ever was invented as a

farm tool. Seventy-five per cent of

the farmers can not, or will not, "plow

any other way but around the field,

piling the good 8011 into the fence to

raise weeds and brush.





Livingston Co. C. H. HILL.





 





LILLIE FARMSTEAD NOTES.





 





Sowed Alfalfa at Just. the Wrong

Time.





As the weather turned out, we seed-

ed our five acres of alfalfa at just the

wrong time. In my estimation we

could not have hit a worse time to

sow it than we did. We just got the

ground nicely prepared and sowed and

for fear there might be dry weather

I rolled it so as to get the ground





compact so we would get germina-‘





tion and then that night came an

awfully heavy rain. On the side hills

it gullied pretty bad and washed down

dirt into the hollows and covered the

alfalfa so deep that it will never come

up. Then on much of the clay the

ground is almost as hard as a brick.

We had it worked up good and fine

and when this heavy rain came, of

course it ran together, as clay will

and then the sun came out and fixed

it and we have got a crust, but we

couldn’t break that crust, because as

soon as it got dry enough so that we

could get onto the field the alfalfa,

some of it, had begun to germinate

and that would have been ruined by

harrowing. I took especial pains with

this ground because I paid $36 a bush-

el for the alfalfa seed to put on it

and I wanted to get a splendid stand.

I wanted to do it just right, and I

think I did my part just as well as

anybody could do it, and yet the seed-

ing is not going /to be satisfactory.



But perhaps there will be enough,

anyway. It is best to look on the

bright side of it, but I really wish that

rain had not come, or that I had

known it was coming and could have

waited until after the rain and after

the ground got dry enough to work

again and then put it in. It has been

elegant weather since then, the ground

would not have dried out so but what

the alfalfa and oats would come up in

nice shape and I would have had a

splendid catch. ’But who knows these

things. The farmer can do the best

that he possibly can and then the

weather controls the crop. The only

thing to do is to go on and do the

best that one’s judgment tells him to

do, and then he has simply got to take

the consequences. I may have a

splendid field of alfalfa there.



An Early Alfalfa Harvest.



We began cutting the old field of

alfalfa this year on June 16. I think

this is a few days earlier than we

ever began before, but it was time,

the new growth had started from the

crown. We also cut one of the small

fields of last year’s seeding, that was

just right, and the rye that lived over

was just 'right to make hay. There

was quite a bit of this rye, it will help

cure the alfalfa, but it won’t befias

nice quality hay as it would if we

didn’t have any rye in it, but taking

the rye and the alfalfa together we

have got a splendid crop for the first

cutting of new seeding, and on the old

field, which, as I have explained be-

fore, is a combination of alfalfa and

orchard grass, on the most of it we

have a. wonderfully heavy crop. We

haven’t got it hauled yet, but the

cocks stand thick. There is two and

a half tons to the acre anyway, and I

think more, if it was weighed.

Making a Seed Bed After Planting.



After the last heavy rain which

ruined my prospects for an alfalfa.

stand, I didn’t wait till the ground

got dry enough long enough so that

we could barrow it all over to put it

in crops, but as soon as it got dry

enough I put the corn planter on and

planted the sweet corn and the soy

beans and the ensilage corn and then

we h'arrowed the ground after the





planting. Most of the fields w‘e‘have

narrowed twice and one or two ‘of

them we have rolled after the plant-

ing. Some of them we have narrowed

both ways. I did this, of course, to

break the crust and preserve the mois~

ture if possible after this heavy rain

and by starting the planter out before

we had time to fit it all over again, I

got the corn in and it will make a

start. The shoe of the planter and

the wheels of the planter broke the

crust where the corn was planted and





there would be no trouble about its





coming up there anyway and it will

only be a short time before we can

start the cultivators, which will fix

the thing, I think, satisfactorily. I

never did this before but necessity

compels me to do things and there is

where the farmer must have quick

judgment.





Plowing a New Seeding.



As the season advanced it was

plainly evident that the other field of

new seeding, clover, would not do

much, it would not be profitable to

cut it, and so the very last thing I

put the big engine and the big disk

on and disked it both ways, tramping

down what clover there was. Previous

to this, however, we turned the cows

in for a few days, and then we put the

plows on and plowed it, and I have

got it all planted now, with the ex-





ception of five acres which I intend.





to plant to potatoes and we haven’t

got around yet to plant them, in fact

there is time enough yet for late po-

tatoes.



The Pea Crop.



The peas for the canning factory

are maturing rapidly, that is, of

course, they are not ripe, but we didn't

want them ripe, and yet the canning

factory man says that it will not do

to cut them at the present time, be-

cause in going through the viner they

are not so hard yet but what many of

them would crush, and they must be

hard enough so that they can go

through the viner and not crush. The

pods, however, are well developed and

they seem to be filling nicely. In all

probability they will be ready to har-

vest next week. The canning factory

has got the viner set up and practi-

cally ready and our new pea harvest-

er, which is very much like a reaper,

is set up and ready for‘use. I never

saw one work, but I know from the

looks of it that it will harvest peas





just as well as the old-fashioned self- .





rake reaper would harvest wheat. It

is built very much on the same prin-

ciple. Of course, my judgment «as to

a crop of peas is not very good, be

cause I have had very little experi-

ence with them, but the canning fac-

tory men say that my early peas are

a good crop. Of course, it is too soon

yet to determine whether I will have

a good crop of the late peas or not.

We need now another good rain for

the late peas but, of course, we do not

need it for the early peas. My judg-

ment is that we will get a fair crop of

peas. There have been no' storms to

lodge them, and yet the heft of the

pods is causing the vines to sink

down flat upon the ground. The fac-

tory man tells me that this is a good

sign of a crop, the heft of the peas is

what takes the vines down, and no

doubt this is true, but I will know

more about this crop next week. The

plan, of course, is to start the har-

vester which delivers the peas, off to

one side, and then follow with teams

and wagons and pitch them right on

and take them right to the barn to the

viner and run them through the viner,

then the vines go into the ensilage

cutter and into the silo. The shelled

peas are taken and run through the

recleaner and put in boxes on pur-

pose for them, and then the canning

factory team will draw them to the

factory at .Coopersville. They must

be delivered at least twice a day. If

they stand around for any length of

time they Mr or spoil and become





. worthless.





COLON c. ' Lam; ‘





 





 





~» In ._,,.__.,". .mu.

«
JUNE 27, 1914'.





HUMUS IN THE SOIL.





 





Compounds derived from the decay





of vegetable matter when mixed with ‘





soil, are generally known as, or called

humus. It was discovered many years

ago that humus was one of the ele-

ments needed to maintain soil fertil-

ity. Repeated experiments have shown

that humus performs a number of dif-

ferent functions in the soil, which are

of the highest importance in crop pro-

duction. After land has been cropped

for a number of years, the decline in

fertility is not entirely the result of

the removal from the soil of the es-

sential fertilizing elements, such as

nitrogen, phosphoric acid or potash,

but is caused more by getting the

land out of condition through a loss

of humus, brought about by injudi-

cious rotation of crops and wrong

methods of farming.



Every observing farmer cannot help

but see that with a method of farming

in which grasses form an important

part in the rotation, especially those

that leave a large amount of roots in

the soil, like clover, the decline is

much slower than when grain crops

are grown continuously.



Many farmers in this section sow

considerable alsike. While this makes

a good quality of hay, it is largely a

surface feeder. I believe it is about

as exhaustive to the soil as growing

timothy. As farmers in many parts

of the state are becoming interested

and are finding out that alfalfa can

be successfully grown, there is no

question but what this plant will be

a great benefit to the land on which

it is grown as the roots penetrate so

deep. All experiments go to show

that a system of farming which re-

turns humus forming materials to the

soil, never reduces it to so low a

state of productiveness as does the

system in which there is a continual

loss of humus. _



In view of these facts, the farmer

who raises much grain, I believe

should return all the straw in some

form to the fields, to be mixed with

the soil, instead of selling it by the

load or ton. For several years straw

has been selling for a good price, and

many tons have been baled and ship-

ped from this vicinity. Perhaps I am

mistaken, but it is my opinion that

farmers who are selling so much of

their straw will find in time that they

have lost instead of having made any

money by the practice. The farmer

who sells much straw, will lack ma-

terial for producing plenty of barn-

yard or stable manure, which all ex-

periments have shown is more lasting

in effects than any other fertilizer

that can be applied. A neighbor who

lives a couple of miles from the vil-‘





lage, draws his surplus straw to a'





livery stable, and in return has all the

manure made at this stable, which he

draws home, and his crops plainly

show that by this practice he is in-

creasing the fertility of his farm. Of

course, but few farmers can dispose

of their surplus straw in this way, but

from my own experience it pays bet-

ter to draw~all surplus straw that is

not needed for bedding, directly to the

field and plow it under for corn, than

it does to sell it. As a proof of the

benefits to crops of humus in the

soil, and other fertilizing material,

which Colon C. Lillie produces and

uses in his method of farming, it is

only necessary to look over his farm

and see the splendid crop of wheat

as well as other crops that are grow-

ing on his farm this spring.

Ottawa Co. JOHN JACKSON.





CATALOG NOTICE.





 





Mitchell motor cars are fully illus-

trated and described in all important

details of construction in the 64-page

1914 catalog published by the Mitch-

ell-Lewis Motor 00., Racine, Wis. In

addition to the above information, it

contains half-tone plates of the var-





ious models built by this well-known-





company. Mention Michigan Farmer

when writing for the catalog.





 

 





THE "MICHIGAN FARMER'





 





 





Why Men Quit

Some Other Tires—Five Reasons





yet grasping wet roads with sharp, resistless





 

   





The evidence is that—faster than ever—men

are quitting other tires for Goodyears. So far grips.

this year our tire sales exceed last year by 55





   

   





Thus your four greatest tire troubles are met in





   





per cent. Yet last vear Goodyear far outsold





   





these tires, in costly ways employed by no other





   





any other tire.





   





maker.





   





There are big reasons for this, and every tire

user should know them.





   





Then Extra Price





Then 16 other makes this year cost more than





   

   





What Others Lack





Other tires—all of them—lack these four fea-

tures. And these are the four major factors in





Goodyear prices. Four Goodyear tires cost





   





about the same as some makers ask for three.





   

 





That fact is due to our mammoth output, our





   

 





splendid eliiciency and our modest profit. Our





   





tire mileage.





   





profit last year averaged 6% per cent.





   





Our No-Rim-Cut feature, which completely

ends rim-cutting. No other satisfactory method





   





Men are refusing to pay those extra prices

. for tires which lack the four great Goodyear





   





is known.





Our “On-Air" cure, which saves the blow-

outs due to wrinkled fabric. This one extra proc-

ess adds to our tire cost $450,000 yearly,





   





features.





 

   

 





 





   





Remember that men have made mileage tests





   





Our rubber rivets, of which we form hun- on millions of Goodyear tires. And this flood-





dreds in every tire—during vulcanization—to com-





   





like demand follows all those tests. Such evi-





   





bat loose treads. dence of quality is beyond dispute.





Our All-Weather tread—tough, double-





thick and enduring. As smooth as a plain tread,





   





Any dealer will supply these tires, at Good-





 





year prices, if he knows you want them.





   

 





   





 





 

   





Goon YEAR,





AKRON. OHIO “: ~





No-Rim-Cdt'hTires





Mt}: All- Weather Treads or Smooth





 

 

 

 





 





 

   

 





THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY, AKRON, OHIO





Mexico City, Mexico

Write Uson Anything You Want in Rubber





(1554





Toronto, Canada London, England

Branches and Agencies in 103 Principal Cities DEALERS EVERYWHERE





   

 





   

 





 





 





 





 





 





- ‘ - - s A N D w I C H ’

Big Tonnage! Big Profits 5 o L, D ST E E L

No delays, sure, certain o oration. These are ours ’ .

:ttaitsazzszma assisti'zraasg H AY P R E S S E 5

fits the first ear—$200 to $300 clean profit each '





month. One andwich owner writeshe baled “32 tons in 8 hours with a 3-man crew." Another how he



averaged $18 to $22 per day after paying all expenses. These men can do this because the have the right: Pulverized magnesian lime rock for “sour" soils.



press. 20 years experience built intuit. and special patented features found only on the gandwich press Write for LOW Bummer Prices direct to you from

Muskegon and Benton Harbor. Michigan





KE SHORE STONE 00.. Mllwaiikee. Wis.





~these are the reasons Sandwmh owners make morehmonehy than “bird. The Sandwich way, the sure way.

as a opper coo e s engine mounted on same truc

SANDWIc“ MOM! MIKOI‘ MOTOR PRESS 4, 6. 8 or 10 h. p., o more power than rated. Geared





 





 





magneto. Full engine power delivered to Press by heavy steel roller chain. N 0 power lost. no belts to slip

» or to delay. Simple self-feeder and the big feed opening

C s . . Just sv;_allows tabs 22'. Friction clutch right on press.



on tart 1 re. a I The Way to WI

or Stop ‘ ~ . ~ _ _ .« _ -_ Send a postal today for our free catalogue “ Ton's'Tell.”

Instant”, flag-7, . V? "v .. . ._ It. gives an reliable figures of the cost and profits of

, . _‘,_ y e, ; the hay sling; shows all the; Sandwich Hay Presses.

_ W -,;u_,;_.,,<‘ . . > . _ both. motor. belt and horse power. Also ask for our

_ .. ‘ ‘3 —.~~ ,,_. _ ,1, . special terms so you can bu your press from the

_. % ‘owué v, 3 ’1 ;_ .- giofgsmmadfigheéirstlyoeas k srite Quick. Address



_ , c . o. a



tons per hour '4 Boxioo .Counolg l Bluflo.’ In? Box tiggfis-ahl‘z‘fl'yf'llfl'otuo





LILLIE’S SPECIAL BRANDS





BUF F ALO FERTILIZER





Made from best material. Always reliable.

Lime, Potash. Acid Phosphate. Nitrate of Soda.

Agents wanted in unoccupied territory, Ship di-

root. to farmers in carlots. Fertilizer questions

answered and farm soil surveys made on request.





Colon C. Lillie, Sales Agl., Coopersville, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





—You ’should get the highest grade

of limestone manufactured. Buy

it upon the basis of analysis. We





manufacture the highest; rade pul-

verized limestone sold In Michigan.

Let. us prove it. Ask for sample and analysis.





fl‘hey are guaranteed not to crack or col~ CAMPBELL STONE co.. Indian Rlvor. Mleh.

lapse, are storm— and fire-proof. Keep ensilage

in most wholesome condition. Many prominent





farmers praise the “ZYRO” Silo—Pronoundng it Ala Ems '0 get Ate skit [I J A

“ ” a a a. uy an

n t not! months. Geto r



THE MOST PRACTICAL 811:0 MADE . érglitsl‘gee. Full informatlioxi) 08:33:31 it}: 'Is‘iigcggfiijli;

Made of exceptionally pure, rust-resisting- galvanized iron. ow alfalfa- How to prepare the around. protect and

Easily erected With most common to 0 18‘. Sections are Harvest. Earn 7% net on $1,000 an acre. Also tells about



of convenient size for easy handling. D0013 cannot shrink NITRAGIN. 'the famous inoculator. Write today.

or swell, hence are absolutely air-tight." ____.\ allows! Bros.-Ilowmaii 60.. 135 Galloway stauon, Waterloo lows

. ,





. v For other exclusive “ZYRO” points get: (\ f‘

A ' ‘0 u

.- Book of Metal Silo Fact: FREE "3(4):.21

Fully describe! the unique advantages of “ZYRO” Metal Silos and shows them \ «.15..- . t,

at work on many fine farms G adly sent on request. Write a post card today. M E T A»

The Canton Culvert Co.. Box 890 Canton. Ohio '





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





I
636—4





‘THE MICHIGAN FARMER





JUNE 27, 1914.





 





 

 

 





D 0 U B L E

, CYLINDER





THE AMERICA





Bean and Pea

Thresher





Mode in two sizes 14x14 and 20:20.





Cleans Peas and Beans and shreds

the vines in one operation.

Guaranteed Capacity.





Continuous Live Action.

30 Days’ Free Trial.

This is the kind of results our customers get:

“I want to write you in regard to

your No. 14 Double Cylinder Bean

and Pea Thresher, which I purchased ' ' ‘

from you last fall. We threshed over forty acres of beans and not a bushel of

beans that we threshed was docked over one pound to the bushel, while other

machines turned out work that was far inferior to ours. Your machine is a

success from first to last and the finest job of threshing buckwheat I ever saw

done, we did with the little N o. 14 Double Cylinder.”

C. R. ALLEY, Evart, Michigan.





Send at once for catalog. and full information on splendid 30-day free trial offer.





AMERICAN GRAIN SEPARATOR COMPANY,

1027 Essex St.. S. E. Minneapolis, Minn.





 





 

 

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





   

   

   

 





 





 





 





Do You Know

About Nitrogen?





Of course you know that it is the plant food

that is hardest to keep in the soil—and a

food plants can‘t do Without. That's why you

use nitrates. But do you know that there is

now a better, surer. less expensive way than

using nitrates? Do you know that all the

Nitrogen in the air can be used for food for

your legumes if you inoculate the seed with





Ferguson’s





NITROGEN

BACTERIA





Very simple and easy to use. and the re-

sults are wonderful. as we can prove to you

by hundreds of letters. The Bacteria. gather-

ing Nitrogen from the air and storing it on

the plant roots. not. only produce stands of

remarkable size and quality but enrich the

soil for future crops. The same bottle of

Ferguson's Bacteria contains all the vari-

eties ineeessary to inoculate the seeds of

Alfalfa. Pens. Beans. Clover. Vetch. any

legume.





Costs little. Far less than the

best commercial Fertilizer





Quarter~acre quantity. 500; 1 acre. $2; 5

acres. 59. Let us ex lain why you need

Nitrogen Bacteria an why Ferguson's is

best. Write for special booklet M—free.





Homewood Nitrogen 00.. 51 Liberty St. l. V. Olly





lVe want agents—A very liberal offer.





BOOK ON





Dog Diseases

AND HOW TO FEED

Mailed Free to any address by the author





H. CLAY GLOVER. V. S.

l 18 West 3 1 st Street New York





 





 





 





 





 





Farms and Farm Lands For Sale

FARMS, GOOD. CHEAP, PROFITABLE.





UNUSUAL OPPORTUNITIES .NOW.

State Board of Agriculture. Dover. Delaware.





 





 





OR SALE. whole or part. 320-acre Southern Mich-

igan farm. 55 a. fine looking wheat. Immediate pos-

session. Utto S. Schuiror. ill-l Dewey Ave..8wissvale.l’a.

WANTED to hear of good form or unimproved land

for sale. Send description and prices.

Northwestern Business Agency. Minneapolis. Minn.





A PLEASENT SUMMER FARM HOME





01’ 45 acres for sale at Public Auction on Monday

June 29th. 1914.. at 1 o'clock sharp. M mile North of

Breedsvillc Mich: station. Terms 3's cash. time on

balance. Poor health of owner cause of sale. Good

buildings: water and fences. with fruit for family. and

in high state of cultivation. I“. J. Harrison. Owner.



and Fruit Lands. also large





FOR SALE FARM tracts for stock grazmg and





ranch purposr's. Clay loam soil. lime rook subsoil,

near market and railroad. Address R. MITCHELL,

Agent for Thad B. Preston. Onaway. Michigan.





MicnieAN FARMING LANDS





Near Saginaw and Bay City. in Gladwin and Midland

Counties. Low prices: Easy terms: Cieartitle. Write

for maps and particulars. STAFFELD BROTHERS.

15 Merrill Building. Saginaw. (W. 8.). Michigan.





' -115 acres: 8-rooni house:

To Settle Estate Quick ham...“ 1...... 40.56.

2 orchards: on main road: good land; must go. $2300.

$1300 cash. balance time. Catologue No. 40. Hell‘s

Farm Agent-y. Owego. Tloga. Co.. New York.





FARM BARGAIN





Only $1,000 cash required. Balance and terms to suit.

Buys 100 acre improved farm. Desirable location and

surroundings. Best business farm ever offered. Must

sell. Don‘t wait. Write owner: photo's etc.



’1‘. C. 34 Commercial Ave.. Blnzhnmton. N. Y.





1000 Apple Trees





Equipped [20 Acre Farm $1800





The buildings alone are worth the price but domestic

reasons force the owner and immediate sale will be

effected at this low price; 7-room cottage with ell.

barn. and woodshed; pleasantly located. only a mile

to smart village. etc... GOO-tree apple "orchard will

prove a valuable source of income; 35 acres fields

cutting 30 tons hay. pasture for 15 cows. remainder

wood:_ a good horse. 2 cows. sheep. poultry. farm

machinery. tools. etc.. all included at the exception-

ally low price of $1200. part cash. see photo and full

details, pag0124. “Strout's Farm Catalog 3’7". just

out. copy free. E. A. STHUUT FARM AGENCY.

Station 101. Union Bank Bldg.. Pittsburgh. Pa.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Lightning Rods at Low Prices





To Farmers and Others

Best guaranteed pure cop 1' cable at 6 cents per foot.

Best points 5-feet long at 1.25 each with all necessary

fixtures and ornaments complete. Also at wholesale

prices todealers only. Write for sample of cable

and circulars.

ZEBLAND LIGHTNING ROD C0.



P. O. Box 247. Zeelond. Michigan.





\. _ MINERAL

"W" HEAVE





OVe l’





 





 





 





 

 





 





 





83 Package OURE3 any case or money refunded

81 Package OUHES ordinary cases. slineral Heave

Remedy Co.. 463 N. Fourth Ave.. Ptttsburgh.Pa





DEADLY SCOURS





Scientific. Tested. Safe and SURE CURE

FOR 75 CENTS



we will send prepaid bottle to last a year.



refunded if it fails.



BOUGEMONT FARM REMEDIES. Detroit, Mich.





is ONLY $5





Year to Pay

Here is good news for engine buyers every-





‘ where. You can now get one of the famous guar-

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direct from the actcry, on easy payments of

only $5 down and $3 a month. In this way you

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it. You et it earn its own cost and more

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. Folder toda and pick out the engine you .

' 'want to try or 30 days at our risk. Tenpowla

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& years’ manufacturing experience. We pay return freight charges

If you are not pleased.





U. S. ENGINES





mmsdeinsize' sfrornlx his. tofio 11.8. sndin both siiqlle and. double

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)obtqanother; taken textspaee: starteasiestand

a With grea‘ndter smoo . , uvmg‘ Violent Vibration



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Money





 





 





 





 





 





 





gm mgmbsatwr season,





on

today.





II. 8. Engine Works 3:723. {£383





 





 





 





gilllmllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllilllilillllllllilillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllilllllllllllil|lllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllilllilllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllilllllllIlllllllllllillllillllllllllilllllllll





é

Live Stock.

lgflllllllflillflflllfllllflmllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllilllllllllfi





PASTURE FEEDS FOR HOGS.





 





There are several reasons why more

attention should be paid to pasture

feeds for hogs than there has been in

the past. The general impression has





been given by those who talk about





our domestic animals, that the hog is

a distinctively grain eating animal.

The impression is wrong.



In his native haunts, the wild hog

from which our domestic hog is de-

scended,'is an omnivorous animal. He

selects his food from several sources.

The herbs, seeds of plants, worms and

flesh of other kinds of animals, are

all drawn from to satisfy his vora«

cious appetite.



Under domestication his general

character has been greatly changed.

When kindly treated, he is tractable

and an agreeable animal. It is when

he is neglected and abused that he

displays the ugly disposition that is

in imitation of his wild ancestors.

But the one characteristic which he

has retained to a remarkable degree

is to eat greedily and to thrive best

when given a great variety of feeds.





The animal’s system is made up of

a large number of elements. and no

one, two or three kinds of feeds make

a fully complete ration that will sup-

ply all the needs of the system, and

develop it as economically, and as

perfectly, as will a ration made up of

a great variety of feeds. When given

the privilege of selecting the hog, as

well as other domestic animals, choses

what is wanted from a large number

of feeds. The hog, under our system

of domestication, has been dwarfed

in size, his constitutional vigor so re-

duced that he has become more sus-





 





 





 





 





ceptible to disease than any other

kind of our domestic animals.





In the first place, the pasture feeds

that are relished by, and on which

the pigs thrive, are the cheapest feeds

that can be supplied. It costs but lit-

tle to grow them, and the pigs seem

to enjoy the opportunity of gathering

what is wanted from them, and when

properly managed, pay in liberal

growth and increased weight for the

privilege.



The hogs need exercise in order to

develop the different parts of the

body. Exercise enables the animal’s

system to draw from the feeds con-

sumed the elements necessary to pro-

mote the growth of bone, muscle and

vital organs. It is the vital organs

which constitute the machinery of the

body that converts the feeds consum-

ed into a condition which makes it

possible for the chemical process go-

ing on in the body, to take up the nu-

tritive elements from the food and

utilize them. Exercise and the protein

in the feeds consumed help to pro-

mote the growth of muscle, the lean

meat, the most desirable and valuable

of all the parts of the body. Exercise

also helps to develop and strengthen

the bones, the frame work and the

carriers of the body and all its parts.



Pasture feeds, and the manner of

gathering them, help to promote the

health of the animals and maintain

their constitutional vigor. Hogs run-

ning at pasture are much less suscep-

tible to diseases of all kinds than

those that are closely confined and

fed wholly on grain feeds. But little

progress can be made raising and

feeding hogs when they are not heal-

thy. It is worth, in insuring success

and profits, a considerable effort on

the part of the pig raisers and feed-

ers, to give their hogs field exercise

in order to promote and maintain

their health.



From a business standpoint. allow-

ing hogs a run at pasture is of first





iimportance. It has been found by ex-





periments tried at ‘different places

that about a half grain ration given

to hogs running at pasture, produces

gains in weight at about half the ex-

pense of making the 'same gains when

grain alone is fed.



I do not wish to be understood as

trying to convey the idea that pasture

feeds alone will accomplish wonders

in making gains, for they will not.

The stomach of the hog is only large

enough to enable the hog to eat

enough to live, and perhaps a. little

more on some kinds of pasture feeds.

It is when the pasture feeds are com-

bined with a moderate allowance of

grain feeds, that the best results are

secured.



Wayne Co. N. A. CLAPP.





FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS.





 





Value of Skim-milk for Pigs.





Which is the most profitable, to sell

milk to a condensary at an average

of $1.60 per cwt., and pay 150 per

cwt for hauling, or to sell the cream

at an average of 300 per 1b. for but-

ter-fat and 500 per cwt. for hauling

the cream? Now the question is,

would it pay better to feed the skim-

milk to pigs, and pay $30 per ten for

middlings, 400 per bu. for oats and

800 for shelled corn, and the expense

of keeping the brood sows the year

around? I have no pasture and would

have to keep the pigs in a small lot.

We will figure on getting $8.50 per

cwt, for the hogs at 200 lbs. Which

will I do, sell the milk and grain, or

sell the cream and feed the pigs?



Hillsdale Co. SUBSCRIBER.





The feeding value of skim-milk is,

of course, dispendent on the price of

the grains with which it is fed, and

also varies with the proportion of

skim—milk to grain that is fed in the

ration. At the average price of the

grains as given in this inquiry, an av-

erage of all trials given by Henry in

“Feeds and Feeding” would give the

skim-milk a value of about 30 cents

per cwt. for feeding pigs. in combina-

tion with these feeds. Where fed un-

der the most favorable conditions and

at the rate of one to three pounds of

milk to one pound of grain the value

of the skim-milk would be increased

to about 40 cents per cwt., but where

feeding a larger proportion of milk its

value Would be reduced to around 25

cents per cwt. As it is contemplated

in feed the pigs in a dry lot in this

case, the average as above given

would probably represent as great a.

value as would be realized from the

skim-milk if fed to the pigs. From a

theoretical standpoint, then, with this

basis of value assumed, the question

would resolve itself into a simple mat.

ter of the test of the milk. At the

prices given. if the milk tested four

per cent butter-fat the product would

bring a little more by selling the but-

ter-fat and feeding the skim-milk. If

the milk contained any considerable

fraction less than four per cent of

butter-fat, then the product would

bring a larger revenue by selling the

whole milk at the price given, as can

be easily figured from the data given.



With this factor determined. the

question will resolve itself into one of

the possible profit in growing hogs

without forage crops with grains at

the prices given. If the price receiv-

ed for the hogs should equal the esti‘

mate given in the inquiry, there

should be a small profit in the ven-

ture, enough to pay the labor cost in-

volved in growing and caring for the

hogs and perhaps a little more. But

if the price received for the hogs

should fall a cent or more per pound

below the price suggested, the possi~

billty of a‘profit in the venture would

be greatly reduced if not entirely

eliminated. In the writer’s opinion the

prospect of making a profit 1!! the

growing of pork in a dry lot on so





cent corn would not warrant the ven-





ture. . .





LE"





\





 





 





~..-. -v— “w.-.
4-1»





 





 





 





JUNE 27, 1914.





THE MICHI





GAN FARMER





 





I3%llllllllilllllllllllllllllillillllllilllIHIIIIHIIIHIHIHIlillllilllillllllilllllllll||llllllllllllllllllllllMINNIE

s - s

Da1ry.

$1lllllllilllllllllllIlllill|llilllllllllllllllllllll|lIIllllllllllillilillllllll|llllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllfi





CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.

ARE THESE PROFITABLE COWS?





 





I have a big Durham cow which

freshened March 15. She gives 177

lbs. of milk a week and her test is

3.2. Her feed is mixed hay, clover

timothy and red—top, and the grain is

middlings, bran and beet pulp, 2 qts.

at morning and night. Is she a pay-

ing proposition? I also have a two-

year-old heifer which came fresh on

March 26. She gives 99 lbs. of milk

a week and her test is 3.8. How is

that for a heifer?‘ She is of the same

stock and gets the same feed. Iwould

also like to know what is to be ex-

pected of a fairly good cow.



Allegan Co. W. H.





These cows, as anybody can figure,

are just barely paying for their feed.

There is absolutely nothing for labor

or for profit. So at the present cost

of feed and the present yield of but-

ter-fat, you can’t figure it out in any

way that they are profitable cows. A

cow that gives 177 pounds of 3.2 per

cent milk, in a week produces 5.664

pounds of butter-fat in a week. . Now

all that butter-fat is worth at the

present time is 25 cents a pound,

which makes $1.41 for the buter-fat

produced in a week. And a cow that

produces 99 pounds of 3.8 per cent

milk in seven days is producing 3.76

pounds of butter-fat, which at 25 cents

a pound would come to 94 cents.





Now the cows are eating a mixture

of middlings, bran and beet pulp, I

suppose about equal parts, and are

getting two quarts night and morning,

or four quarts a day. These four

quarts of feed will not weigh over

five pounds. Everything considered,

this feed will cost one and a half

cents a pound. Five pounds a day

will make 35 pounds a week and at

one and a half cents a. pound will

come to 52% cents a week for the

grain alone. We can only guess how

much hay they are getting, but they

must eat at least 12 pounds a day.

Perhaps the heifer doesn’t eat quite

this amount, but I am sure the large

cow will eat more, and on the average

they will eat that much a day. For

a week it would be 84 pounds. This

I would figure is worth three—fourths

of a cent a pound, which would .be 63

cents a week for the hay. Adding

the 52% cents for grain would make

$1.15%, the cost of feeding these

cows per week.



Nothing Left for Profit.



One cow produces 94 cents worth



of butter-fat and the other $1.41, and





‘the two together $2.35, or 011 the aver-.





age $1.17 worth of butter-fat, and it

costs $1.15 to feed them. So you see

the cows are barely paying for the

feed which they consume, to say noth-

ing about the labor or any profit. Now

if we let the manure and the skim-

milk and the value of the calf, when

born, offset the labor, then we are

coming out even; that is, we are just

barely getting pay for the feed which

the cows consume. For the grain we

are only charging what it actually

cost us. For the hay we are charg-

ing what we could sell it for, and pos-

sibly we could make a little profit in

growing this hay, but not very much.



I am of the opinion that these cows

are not getting a sufficient amount of

protein in the grain ration, and I

would recommend that in addition to

the grain which is already given, that

you feed two pounds per day of cot-

tonseed meal to each cow. This, of

course, will make the ration cost a

little bit more, but the cows ought to

yield enough more milk with this ra-

tion to more than pay the extra cost.

It certainly is worth trying. If they

won’t respond to two pounds of cot-

tonseed meal per day, I would not

consider them dairy cows at all.



Average Production.



The large“ Durham cow is only giv-



ing 25 pounds of milk per day and it





is not uncommon for Durham or

Shorthorn cows to give 40 or 50

pounds of milk a day. Your heifer is'

only giving 14 pounds of milk a day

and a Shorthorn heifer, that is, a

dairy Shorthorn, ought to give twice

that amount. Of course, you can’t

expect them to come up to these fig-

ures at once, but I believe that if you

will increase the protein in the feed

by adding cottonseed meal, gluten

meal, oil meal or any of these kinds

of food which contain a large per

cent of protein, I think you will grad-

ually get an increased flow of milk

and a profit over and above the extra

cost of feeding.





BULL PEN AND BREEDING STALL.





 





Can you give me information re-

garding building a yard, with shed, to

keep a vicious bull in, so constructed

that it will not be necessary to go

into yard or shed to feed and water

bull? Also, how best to build a breed—

ing pen attached to bull yard so I

lc)a1111 breed cows and keep away from



u .



Calhoun Co. SUBSCRIBER.



I can tell you how I rigged up a





bull pen once for a vicious bull and

it worked very nicely. Our bull pen,

or building, is separate from the barn.

It is simply a building made strong-

ly out of lumber. Its size is 12x16

feet. Across the front of it we have

an alley four feet wide, at one end of

which is a manger with a very strong

stanchion in it. We don’t always use

the stanchion but can if we want to.



The manger is strong and the bull

cannot get through, so that the at-

tendant can safely walk in this alley-

way and give the bull his hay and

grain. You can get him to put his





 





 





 





 





CREAM SEPARATOR-





NOW





1st If you are still using some gravity or setting

'2 process of creaming—





BECAUSE your waste is greatest and quality of product

poorest in mid-summer, when the milk supply is greatest.



BECAUSE time is of greatest value on the farm at this

season and.the time and labor saving of the good separator

counts for most.”



BECAUSE the skim-milk is poorest without a separator in

hot weather. and often more harmful than helpful to calves and

young stock.



BECAUSE the work of an improved De Laval Cream

Separator is as perfect and its product as superior with one

kind of weather as with another.





2nd If you have a very old De Laval or an

=inferior separator of any kind—





BECAUSE the losses of the poor separator from incomplete

skimming and the tainted product of the difficult to clean and





 





head in the stanchion by putting the

grain there and then you can shut it]

and have him secure and harmless.

This leaves 12x12 feet as the box stall

for the bull. The door opens from

this into the yard, in fact, it is simply

an opening. We don't have any

doors, and the stall is never closed,

winter or summer.



Now, from the bull pen proper

to the farther side of the yard is a

large heavy gate. This is built just

outside of the bull pen. The cow can

be let into this stall when the heavy

gate of the yard is closed, and then

when the gate is opened it is swung

around so that it can be locked

bred and the attendant does not have

against the past and the cow can be.

to get near the bull at all. When the

cow is bred the bull can be backed up

and the gate shut and the cow backed

out of the stall, or you can have a

doorway in the front of the stall so

that you can lead her out, but you

can back her out without any diffi-

culty.



Now, in this way you can handle

the bull and take care of him, and

breed the cows without ever going in

where he is. When you have to clean

out the stall you can get him into the

stanchion and lock him in. This must

be strong enough so there isn’t any

question about his breaking“ loose.

You can get him in the stanchion and

then get him by the nose and tie him

both by the nose and with the





 





unsanitary separator mean most when the bulk of milk is

greatest.



BECAUSE of the great economy of time at this season in

having a separator of ample capacity to do the work so much

more quickly. .



BECAUSE an improved De Laval

Separator is so much simpler and

more easily handled and cared for

than any other, and you cannot afford

to waste time these busy days “fussing”

with a machine that

ought to have been

thrown on the junk-

pile long ago.





 

 

 

 





BECAUSE the De

Laval Separator of to-

day is just as superior

to other separators as

the best of other sep-

arators to gravity set-

ting, and every feature

of De Laval superior-

ity counts for most

during the hot mid-

summer months.





 

 

 





   





i

it





These are all facts a De Laval catalog, to be had for the asking,

helps to make plain, and that every De Laval local agent is glad

of the opportunity to prove to any prospective buyer. If you





 





 





stanchion.



This is simply a get-up of my

own and worked well. There is ab-;

solutely no danger in handling the

bull in this way and he does not have

to be tied up by the nose in a box

stall all the while either. He has

exercise and is very easily handled.

You have got absolute control over

him and at the same time are abso-





lutely safe.





Silage is better and cheaper than

soiling crops for tiding herds over the

period of short pasture. Silage yields

more and better food per acre than

soiling crops and with less labor and

seed required. While the production

of milk is about the same in both

cases, the cost of production is much"

less in the case of the silage. The





don’t know the nearest De Laval agency simply write the near:

est main office, as below.





The De Laval Separator C0.





165 Broadway, New York 29 E. Madison St., Chicago





 





 





 





 





 





r

r





i





i





 





 





" 50,000 BRANCHES AND LOCAL AGENCIES THE WORLD OVER I

_______._ 4





 





 





 

   





 





 





 

 





Michigan Livestock insurance Go.

Gapltal Stock—$100,000. Surplus—$100,000.

Home Office—Charlotte. Michigan.





Only Home 00., in Michigan.





COLON C. LILLIE President.

H. J. WELLS, -:- Secretary-Treasurer.





Feed Grinden. Sew

Frames. Stool Tank:





CATALOGUIB FRI!

AGENTS \VANTID

Perkins Wind Mill & .



Engine Co. Est. 1860 .. .





IA“ ST.





135

Mich-wake. Ind.





 





._ PUMP GRIND snw mag:





Wood Mills are Belt. Engines are Simple





 





 





fact that the uncertainty of weather

need not be taken into consideration

is also in favor of summer silage.





 





 





Save your money.

Ask for price list.

Everything in Food.





THE BARTLETT 00.. 100 Mill St. Jackson. Mich. mention The M ichigan Farmer.





When writing to advertisers plea“:
THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





 





UNITED STATES





I00 People

V‘ . u. 20 Houses ‘

, IO Telephones

I \

Im- II.





 





@5534 "





 





 





 

   





EU ROPE

IOO People





90 Houses

I Telephone .





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Results Compared with Theories





Here we have:





Ten telephones for each

hundred persons.





Nearly one rural tele~

phone to every two farms.





Reasonable rates fitted

to the various needs of

the whole people.





Telephone exChanEes

open continuously ay

and night.





Policy—— prompt serv—

ice.





There they have:





One telephone fer each

hundred persons.





Practically no tele-

phones on the farms.





Unreasonable rates ar-

bitrarily .made without re-

gard to various needs of

the whole people.





Telephone exchanges

closed during lunch hour,

nights and Sundays.





Policy— when your

turn comes.





America ’s Telephones LeaczI the World

with the Best Service at the Lowest Cost.





 





One Policy





One System





AMERICAN TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH CoM'PKNy

AND ASSOCIATED COMPANIES





Universal Service





 





 





POULTRY.





EGGS From purebred White“ \nudottels. Light

Brahmas $1.25 per 1.).32 001.“)





 





 





MRS. E. .1318 HOP. Lake Odessa. MicIiIgan.

—B l fl d-

Pine Bresl While 0rpingloneR 33:12.13? $9.33,"...

half price after June 1st LIS BOUGH.





PIne Crest Farm. Royal Cains Michigan.

LYMOUT H Hock cockerels 5 to 11 lbs.. according to

an“. hens 51.0 Slhs..15 eggs $1: Mammoth Bronze



Tom ’Iurkeys 8 to 35 lbs according to age. Price $8



to $22). 10 eggs $3. A. 1‘}. OBAMTON. Vassar. Mich.





3. L. WIANDOIIE EGGS—ft“§1.‘f§°“dili‘li}ifigthis?





Satisfaction guaranteed. F E. Cowdrey. Ithaca. Mich.





 





CHIOKB— —W e ship thousands e: H II season. Booking

orders non for spring deliver) l’rli es i'll“a._)fl right.





I'reebooklot.i1‘reeport llatcherv. llox 12.Freeport. Mich.





LILLIE FARI‘ISTEAD POULTRY





B. P. Rooks. R. I. Reds. and 8. O. W. Le horn eggs

for sale. 15 10:31:26 for $1.250 50 for

COLON O L1LLIE.Coopersville. Mich.





 





ABRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS—Cookerels all sold.

Have some nice pullots and yearling hens. Eggs

for hatching. ()S’l‘RANDER BROS. Morley. Mich.





ANCY (S. O.) W'HI'I‘E LEG-HORN COCKER‘ELS.





Price $2 and $3 each. Choice eggs. $1 per setting.

John McNicoll. St'Ition A. R 4. Bay City Michigan.





EGGS FOR lllIlilllllli‘B“5fio"”"“fE°“ itff’wifi





MRS. CALVIN FULLER. R. No. p62. Bancroft. Mich.





 





 





 





ILVER, White and Golden Wyandottes. Eggs from

k Whites Si. .50 pe r 15 $2 54) pm in. Si .liers &(‘ oideus nt catalog

prices Browniug' s W)andotto Fa In. lortlund. Michigan.





— Iggs from best pens $2 per 15:36

While wIaIldOIIBS per 50: $10 per 100: from 3 pens 750

per 15. Druid ltay. 202 Forest Ave. Ypsilanti. Mich





 





—All prize winners and breeding stock.

Barred "(Inks at hall'prico Wou20prizeslastwinter.

W. 0. OOFFMAN. R No. 6. Benton Harbor. Mich.





 





 





“)05.

Hounds “ifiif‘i‘tfiFfil‘eSft’? Shetland Pony Mm:

Send 20 stamp. . FL. KY. Holmesville. Ohio





English Fox Terrier I’IIpS"—10 3."...3}:

N. E. THATCHER. Cassopolls. Michigan.





 





BEE "IVES, SECTIONS,





Comb Foundation.



. etc. We sell ever hi I th

‘ bees. Also Bees and“ ugegns. cant:

logfr so. Beeswax anted





 

 

 

 





 





 





M. II. IIIIIIT a 80K. Box 525 MISIIE, “ltd





Fox and Wolf Hounds





oi the but English sirein' In America

40 years experience in breeding

these fine bounds for my own

sport. Save your pigs sheep and

poultry. Send stamp for catalog.

T. B. HUDSPETH.

Sibley, Jackson County. Mo.





 





 





EXTRAORDINARY urn-Ii —0 a-





ne mom 'a

free trIal on this finest of bic cles—lhe “Rana or. " We





will ship it to you on approve, reight prepai ,without a

centfiiosit In advance. Thisfo cr is %bsolutellygengme.

or our Ig cats og II owmg

W0 our full line of bicycles for

men and women. boys and girls at rice: never before

equaled for like quality. It Is 3 eye opedia of bicycles.

sundries and useful bicycle information. It’s free.



1' RES, COASTER-DRAKE' rear wheels, inner

tubes. lamps, cyclometers, equipment and arts for all

bicycles at half usual pr! can. A limite number of

second hand 3tbie‘yclesch taken In trade will be closed out at

once, ats to



RIDER 3“ ENTh. wanted in each town to ride and

exhibit a sample 1914 model Rat-(Or furnished by us.



1‘06 08 ts You Nothln to learn what we offer

you and how we can do it. on will be astonished and

convinced. Do not bu a bicycle, tires or sundries until

you get our catalog an new special offers. Writ. today.





mun orcL: co. nope u.77.__(_:IIIcAoo. iLL.





 





OVERALLS and JACKETS





Suits—Blue or Brown Denim. :1. 60; Blue obi-e lstriped.

:1 5) {repaid Khaki—Trousers with t. $1.25.

buit. S State waist and leg length.





SUPERIOR OVERALL COMPANY.

Detroit. Mich.





l 195 Michigan Ave.





BEIIIIYc BASKETS





Send for price listir We 5011200

Wax- ii nod Paper tBerry"! Baskets

for 81 post





 





 





mm 27. 1914.





gltllilllllllillllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllilllllllllllllillilillllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllIlllllIIdlllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllE





Poultry and Bees





aIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|ll|llllllllllllllllllllllliltlllllllllllllllllllllllilllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll‘illllllillllllllllllllllllflllllllllilllllI i z ,. .' '





KEEP THE CHICKS GROWING.





 





The heading of this article needs to

be emphasized every year. "Keep the

chicks growing” contains as much

chicken sense as can be condensed

into four words. There are four rea—'

sons for this.





tarded from any cause seldom, if ever,

makes up for the loss. It will almost

invariably be deficient in size. and

very frequently it will be deficient in

figure and plumage. The largest and

best fowls are those which never stop

growing from the time they are hatch-

ed until the time they are fully de-

veloped.



2. All retardation of growth means

a loss of food. The food consumed

by a chicken while it stands still in

growth is a total loss. While the





"amount may be insignificant when the





number of chickens in the flock is





small, but it really amounts to dol-

lars and cents when the flock is

large.





Steady Growth. for Winter Layers.





3. If the checking in growth is for

any considerable period, such devel-

opment as the chick makes will be

later in time. Pullets whose growth

has been delayed may not make suffi-

cient development to begin laying in

the fall, and it is generally conceded

that the pullets which do not begin

laying in the fall cannot be depended

upon for winter layers. Thus a few

weeks' cessation in growth may make

several months’ difference in the be-

ginning of the active laying period.

When these pullets are not laying in

winter they are consuming food which

brings no returns.



4. This fourth reason may be re-

garded as a. sentimental one,_ but s'ent-

iment plays an‘intportant part in our

lives. Chickens which do not make

steady and continuous growth do not

give the pleasure in raising that is

experienced from those that do. It is

a genuine pleasure to watch the un-

retarded development of a. flock of

chickens, but a flock which makes no

progress fails in this capacity, and

gives us only anxiety and disappoint.

ment.



It is business policy to keep the

chicks growing steadily, and this can

only be done by giving them proper

care in the matter of food, surround-

ings and care. If I have chickens

hatched at all I want to keep them

growing, and every other successful

chicken raiser feels the same way

about the matter.



Texas.





A. M. LATHAMI.





BEWARE OF FOUL BROOD IN THE

APIARY.





 





Foul brood is such a bad disease,

and the risk of danger from it so

great, that it will well pay every bee-

keeper to be thoroughly informed up-

on it. It is a germ disease and

spreads like the germ diseases of the

human family. It may be contracted

from affected colonies within the diS<

tance as far as bees would fly to rob.



The first symptoms of foul brood

are only noticeable/to the expert on

examining the combs in the brood.

chamber. The grubs turn a yellowish

color and stretch out in their cells in-

stead of being a pearly white and

curled up at the bottom. They die

from the attack of the germ and be-

come a. source of infestation. A bad

case is easily recognized by the

stench arising from the hive and giv-

en off by the state of rottenness with-

in. On examining the combs the open

cells will be found to contain a dark,

coffee-colored substance of a stringy

and sticky nature, while those scaled

over will be pierced with irregular

shaped holes, and appear sunken in-





 

 

 





   





E



nomination?



stead of exhibiting the prominent and

rounded appearance so characteristic





of healthy capped broods

Treating Foul Brood.

With these suggestions there should

be no difficulty in detecting a case of

foul brood in' any of its stages. When-





i ever a case is found, the hive should

1. A chicken whose growth is reg





be instantly closed and every precau-





tion taken to prevent other colonies





robbing it. At the close of the day,

when the bees have about ceased

work, it should be thoroughly over-

hauled. The best plan to adopt would

be to obtain a clean hive. If there





are any on hand, then shake the bees ‘





from their frames on the alighting

board of the clean hive which should

stand in the place of the affected col-

ony. After the bees go in shut. them

up and leave them without food for

at least 36 hours. No combs should

be left in the hive. After this put

them into a new hive with clean

combs and a fertile queen, and feed

sugar syrup.



The best time to cure foul brood is

during the honey gathering season;

but, with great care and feeding, it

can be done at other times. Be sure

to have a clean hive, a new one is

best. An old hive can be used if

scraped, and either boiled well 0r

painted inside with kerosene oil and

set afire, and then, when going well,

some water thrown in and the hive

closed tight.



Absolute cleanliness in the apiary is

imperative. The hives from which the

bees have been removed must not be

allowed to stand abput while they are

holding diseased combs and harboring

germs. The frames, combs, quilts,

and other movable parts of the hives

should be set afire and not left until

every scrap is consumed.



New Jersey. F. G. HERMAN.





MEAT SCRAP AND ALFALFA FOR

CHICKS.





Will you please advise me as to the

amount of meat scrap and bone meal

to give to little chicks; do you mix it

with bran? Do you think it neces-

sary to give alfalfa meal to chicks

that have wide range?



Eaton Co. Mrs. W. S.





Feed young chickens only a small

amount of beef scrap. A spoonful for

a dozen chicks is a sufficient amount.

This can be fed alone or it can be

mixed with other food. Mix a tea-

spoonful of beef scraps for each 12

chicks and gradually increase the

amount as they grow older. I do not

think it necessary to feed alfalfa meal

to young chicks that have the run of

grass. They will eat most any kind

of green stuff growing in their runs

in preference to alfalfa meal, and I

think will do better, especially if you

feed a little of the beef scrap. Alfal-

fa is fine feed for hens and chicks,

but where they have a good range of

grass it is unnecessary and not at all

desirable. If you have green alfalfa

it will be all right. The "alfalfa meal

will do no harm, but it is not as good

as green food.





 





COLON C. LILLIE.





PRESERVING EGGS.





 





To preserve eggs pack them in

gypsum, or what is commonly known

as land plaster. I put a little gypsum

in the bottom of a box and then a.

row of eggs, and so on, so that the

eggs do not touch each other, cover-

ing them all well with the gypsum. I

have put them down in May and the

year after have made frosting out of

them which was just as nice as if

made from the fresh eggs.



Livingston Co. SARAH WILSON.





Clean frequently all dishes used in

feeding and watering poultry-
JUNE 27, . 1914.





 





all your _

buildings wit





”Wit “





THE TRINIDA'LAKE’ASPHLT ‘

' it‘s: ' .‘.\")l/,ii7l?7_flxf-





J .





y " [iiiiiiii

u ’





: , ‘





   

 





It combines lasting protec-





tion and real economy.



Apply it with the patented KANT-LEAK

KLEET. Write for samples and the Good Roof

Guide Book.





The Barber Asphalt Paying Company

Largest producers in the world

of asphalt and ready roofing

Philadelphia

New York San Francisco Chicago -





 

 





 

   

   

   





 

 

 





 





THE BALL LIGHTNING





CELERY BLEACHER





Most perfect method

9 ever invented. No

banking with soil.

Cheaper than boards or

strips of roofing paper.

Bleaches quicker and

makes a more beautiful

product. Big money

and labor saver for

the market grower.

Handy. neat and equal-

ly good for the private

gardener.



Write for free sample of

Bleacher and Circular de-

cribing a wonderful little de-

vice that enables a boy to put

on 5000 of these bleaching

tubesa day. It means dol-

lars to every celery grower.





“THE BALL Mia. co. ‘





Dept. R, Gleneide,Pa.





 





ing. Saves you

work and light-



ens draft nearly

60%. Don’t rut

fields or roads.

We also furnish

5 Electric Steel





wagon. Wheels can’t - c ,

dry out or rot. Send for

free book of facts and proofs.

'Electrlc Wheel 00..

85 Elm Street, .





Quincy. Ill.





 





 





fii‘ THP [DECAL

-; Fruit Picker





The only machine yet in-

vented to pick all’. kinds

of fruit. Only'Wcighs

3 pounds and a child can

use it. Comes in 8.10

and l2 foot lengths,

longer len hs on ap-

plication. rice $2, del.

Agents wanted. Mf’d by

EMERSON & (70.

Keene. - - N. H.





CIDER MARIN





Can be made profitable ii' the right kind of ma.-



chinery is used. WE MAKE THE RIGHT KIND.

end for catalogue. Established 1872

BOOMER Cd BOSCHERT PRESS C0.

472 West Water Street, Syracuse. N. Y.





i





’ l





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 





Cider Presses

You can earn money wher-

ever apples grow if youown

a Monarch. A Monarch

gets all the cider—you



ave satisfied custom.

ers. We also make

apple-butter cook-

ers and evaporators.





A. B. Finouum 00.. [.11].

' Box 112, You. PA.





 





 





 





Bushel Grates





, ,, Made from Elm Timber.



- Knocked Down or Nailed lip

Nail them yourself.

Save Money.





Large or small orders

receive prompt attention.





Slrulhors Cooperago Co.





Romeo. Michigan.





 





SEED. pure white and biennial

yellow. Prices and circular how





SWEE





CLOVER his: ‘Bzrhs rarest-“res;





 





BINDER TWINE $3036 lb. Want farmer intents.

TH E o. B U R 'r a, s orfidsir nihiiid's‘ilf gapg.





 





Government Farmer’s Wanted"’§,’t,‘i&fl§

Free living quarters, Write Ozment. 17 F.8t.Louis.Mo





 

 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





allllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll.. h «w 1'





 





A DEMONSTRATION 0F THINNING

APPLES. '





We often hear men say that we

ought to thin fruit, and that it pays

well, but when one inquires as to defi-

nite results, of the many farmers of

the community, few have ever tried

it or are not sure of their results if

they have. We need more work

along this line, especially in thinning

apples.



In order to get definite results re-

garding thinning, and to make a prac-

tical demonstration of it, I tried an

experiment on two Duchess trees.

Trees of equal size were selected

and one thinned July 9, the other be-

ing left unthinned as a check. The

apples were picked from the ground,

counted and weighed, and recorded

for each tree. Then the tree selectd

for thinning was thinned, the apples

counted and weighed. During the re-

mainder of the season, the fruit which

fell was removed from each tree at

intervals of two weeks and apples

were counted and weighed.



The apples were picked on August

7-8, and counted, and then hauled to

town, where they were packed by the

local fruit exchange according to the

Sulzer act, and each grade weighed.

The time required for thinning was

one hour and 45 minutes.



Results.



Total apples on ground, such as

windfalls, wormy, etc, from thinned

tree, 86, and weighing 17.5 lbs; from

unthinned, 404, and weighing 52 lbs.



Total apples picked in thinning,

1,078, weighing 76 lbs.



Total number of picked apples:

From thinned tree, 2,104, weighing 630





lbs; from unthinned, 3,000, weighing

690 lbs.



Total apples on tree: Thinned,

3,263, weighing 723.5 lbs; unthinned,





3,404, weighing 742 lbs.



Weight of different grades of ap-

ples sent to packing house: No. 1,

thinned, 566 lbs; No. 2, 50 lbs; culls,

14 lbs; total, 630 lbs. Unthinned, No.

1, 225 lbs; No. 2, 300 lbs; culls, 165

lbs; total, 690 lbs.



Percentage of picked a'pples by

weights: No. 1, thinned, 89.8 per

cent; No. 2, 7.9 per cent; culls, 2.9





Horticulture.





filllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|Illlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllIllllllllll|IIlllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi





mhhwilllllllllllIllllllIilllllIllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllImilllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllrl‘é’





lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





per cent. Unthinned, No. 1, 32 per

cent; No. 2, 44 per cent; culls, 24 per

cent.



Percentage of total weight: No. 1,

thinned, 78 per cent; No. 2, 7 per

cent; culls, 1.9 per cent. Unthinned,

No. 1, 30 per cent; No. 2, 42 per cent;

culls, 22 per cent.



Fruit thinned and dropped, 13.1 per

cent; dropped only, (on unthinned

tree), 6 per cent.



The Financial Showing.



From the thinned tree, the apples

sold for $12.05, and deducting the cost

of thinning, 35 cents, the proceeds are

$11.70. From the unthinned tree, the

apples sold for $9.16.



The thinned tree shows receipts of

$2.54 more than the unthinned tree.

These receipts are obtained by figur-

ing the No. 1 apples at two cents per

pound; the No. 2 at $1.33 per cwt.,

and the culls at 40 cents per cwt., the

rates paid at the packing house.



Conclusion.



Having performed but one experi-

ment we cannot assume that our re-

sults are correct, but it seems possi-

ble that they are, especially when we

consider that early apples are said to

be unprofitable if thinned. Some of

the good results received are: First,

better quality and size of fruit; sec-

ond, saving in cost of picking of a

half hour of labor; third, less expense

in packing; fourth, saved plant food

of the tree; fifth, less expense in haul-

ing and shipping; sixth, saved mois-

ture and tree, not being exhausted, is

in better condition to produce crop

next year. Knowing that most of the

food goes into the seeds we see how

we have reduced the number of seeds

produced, by thinning. The packer of

the fruit said it saved a great deal of

time in packing, and he could get 50

cents per barrel more if he had a half

carload of same kind. The expense

of hauling to the packing house and

sorting out the culls is a big item, so

from these facts it appears that at

least in this case the thinning was

profitable.



Van Buren Co. CHAS. N. FlilCY.



To make a profit in years of large

crops, good care of the orchard is

most essential.





 





Fancy Uncle Jim Strawberries.





 





 





 





 





 





show the results of good care.

pense involved.





count of its thriftiness.





 





soil, indicate that they also do well on





These Uncle Jim strawberries. grown by A. R. Fullmer, of Oakland 00-.

A well fertilized soil, intense cultivation,

and other good care, produce good fruit, and pay W811 for the extra ex-

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I All parts of the Provinces of

Manitoba. Saskatchewan and ..

Alberta. have produced wonderful .

‘ ields of Wheat, Oats. Barley and

j ‘lax. Wheat graded from Contract

.s to No. 1 Hard. weighed heavy and

{yielded from 20 to 45 bushels

per acre; 22 bushels was about the

total average. Mixed Farming may be

considered fully as profitable an industry as

grain raising. The excellent grasses full of

/ nutrition, are the only food required either

I/ for beef or dairy purposes. In 1912. at Chi-

cago, Western Canada carried off the

Championship for beef steer. Good

schools. markets convenient, climate excel~ .

lent. For the homesteader, the man who '

wishes to farm extensively. or the investor,

Canada offers the bizgest opportunity

of any place on the continent.

Apply for descriptive literature

an redue railway rates to

Superintendent of Immigration,

ttawa Canada, or to



Canadian Government Agent.





M. V. Maclnnes,

'76 Jeilerson Avenue,

Detroit. Mich.





 





 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





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“Saw your ad. in the Michi an

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... .,; .. , ».-,





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, THE MICHIGAN ‘FA'R‘MTE’R'





..,_.., 'un





JUNE 27, 1914. '





 





The Michigan Farmer





Established 1843. Copywrisbt 1914.





The Lawrence Publishing Co.





Editors and Proprietors.





39 to 45 Congress St. West. Detroit .Mlchlsan

'I‘an-moun MAIN 4525.



NEW roux OFFICE—41 Park Row.



CHICAGO OFFC 8—604 Advertising Building.



CLEVELAND OFFICE-10114015 Oregon Ave... N. E.



PHILADELPHIA OFFICE—21L218 Twelfth St.





 





 





 





M, J, LAWRENCE ..................................... President

M, L, LAWRENCEm.............................Vice.Prcsident

E. H. HOUGHTON .................................... Sec.-'I‘reas,

I. R. WATERBURY .................................



BURT WERMUTH............................. n... Agaoicatc

F. A. WILKEN Editors



ALTA LAWSON Ln‘rELL........................ ’



E. H. HOUGHTON .......................... Business Manager





 





TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:

One year. 52 issues .......................................... 50 cents

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Five years 260 issues............................................ 2.00

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Canadian subscriptions 50¢ a year extra for postage.

Always send money by draft. postofiice money order.

registered letter or by express. We will not be responsible

for money sent in letters, Address all communications to.

and make all drafts checks and postoffice orders payable to.

The Lawrence Publishing Co.





We never. unless through error. send The Michigan

Farmer beyond the date subscribed to—our subscription price

being always due in advance, and sample copies always free.

No bills will ever be sent should a subscription through

error be continued after expiration,





 





RATES OF ADVERTISING:



40 cents per line agate type measurement. or $5.60 per

inch (14 agate lines per inch) per insertion. No adv‘t m-

serted for less than $1.20 each insertion. No objection-

able advertisements inserted at any price.



Entered as second class matter at the Detroit. Michigan.

postorfice.





DETROIT, JUNE 27, 1914.





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





 





 





If a bountiful wheat

Wheat ProspeCts. crop spells prosper-



ity, and it is gener-

ally interpreted that way by business

men, the country will be assured of a

prosperous year, as the harvest sea-

son for what will undoubtedly be a

record crop for the country is already

at hand in the more southern of the

winter wheat states. But to add most

materially to the country’s prosperity,

the crop must bring the largest pos-

sible revenue to the growers, hence a.

study of the situation to be met will

be most pertinent at the present time.



While it is estimated that the win-

ter wheat crop of the United States

will be more than 100,000,000 bushels

larger than last year, this fact does

not necessarily mean that the product

must be sold at an unprofitable price.

Compensation is a great law of na-

ture, and a study of available statis-

tics indicates that many sections of

the wheat producing world have been

less fortunate in the conditions which

have obtained this year than has the

winter wheat section of the United

States. Argentina, for instance, had

something like 75,000,000 bushels less

wheat this year than last, which fact

has been a sustaining feature in the

market since the Argentine crop be-

gan to move, and while accurate sta-

tistics are not at this writing available

regarding the crop in the eastern

hemisphere, the fact that the Euro-

pean demand has been large during

recent weeks is a. reliable indication

that the crop will not be a phenome-

nal one. When these facts are taken

into consideration, together with the

fact that the visible supply is at a

comparatively low point, indicating

that consumption has been unusually

heavy, it is a very reasonable con

clusion that all of our wheat crop will

be wanted-for consumption before an<

other crop is grown and that it should

bring its producers a reasonably good

price.



But the trend of the market will,

under these conditions, depend not a

little upon the attitude of the grow-

ers themselves. If the bulk of our big

crop is dumped on the market as soon

as threshed, the visible supply will be

rapidly increased and this fact, to-

gether with the speculative selling

which it will induce will be bound to

react on the market and force lower

values. If, on the other hand, growers

market the crop conservatively, sell-

ing only so much as may be necessary

to supply needed ready money and

the balance is held in original hands

to be sold on a future market when

the price is attractive, the result will





be a sustaining influence which will

prevents congestion of elevators and

a consequent slump in values.



This comment is inspired by the

fact that some producers have already

shown a. fear of the future by con-

tracting their crop at local mills and

elevators. One large sale of this na-





ture was recently reported where the





price at which the deal was closed

was 80 cents per bushel for July de-

livery. In such cases the buyer is

taking no chances, as he can easily

cover by making a “short” sale on the

present market at a price which is

practically his purchase price plus the

usual margin between loading and re«

ceiving points. The seller is, of

course, insuring a certainty so far as

price is concerned, but he is simply

accepting the conservative judgment

of speculators as to the probable after

harvest price of . wheat, and the

chances are in favor of his getting

more rather than less if the sale is

deferred until he has the commodity

in condition to deliver. Nature may,

by way of compensation, inflict us

with a wet harvest season, the spring

wheat crop, always a factor in the

market, may be injured by drougth,

or any number of unfavorable influ-

ences may affect the yield of mer-

chantable wheat before the crop is

safely secured.



All things considered, then, there is

no question but that a policy of con-

servative marketing would be best for

wheat producers as a. class. This pol-

icy is the more attractive from the

fact that with a staple crop like wheat

there is nothing to lose by it, while

there is every prospect of a material

gain to growers by holding the bulk

of the crop in growers’ bins until the

market will take care of it at a fair

price for immediate consumption.





Information has been

given out that the con-

gressional program for

this year will not in-

clude enabling legislation in the mat-

ter of providing a new form of agri-

cultural credit. In view of this fact

a bulletin of advice on this subject

recently issued by the U. S. Depart-

ment of Agriculture may be of inter-

est to many farmers. In this connec-

tion the Department has laid down

three rules which it advises farmers

to follow in borrowing money. These

rules, which contain a. deal of whole-

some advice, are as follows:



1. Make sure that the purpose for

which the borrowed money is to be

used will produce a return greater

than needed to pay the debt.



2. The length of time the debt is to

run should have a close relation to

the productive life of the improve-

ment for which the money is bor-

rowed.



3. Provision should be made in

longtime loans for the gradual reduc-

tion of the principal.



In this connection it would be well

for the reader to consider the advan-

tage which would accrue to him

through the cultivation of a. closer re-

lation with his banker, and depend

less upon his local merchant in the

matter of credit. This is the more

business-like and in the end a._ far

more satisfactory course to pursue.





Agricultural

Credit.





While it is gener-



A New Source of ally understood

Farm Loans. that the new cur-

rency law permits



national banks to loan money on farm

property as security, it does not seem

to be generally understood that the

farm loan clause of the Act is in op-

eration, even though the federal res

serve banks are not yet organized on

a working basis. The comptroller of

the currency estimated that there is

around $500,000,000 in national banks

throughout the United States avail-

able for such loans. Under the Fed-





eral Reserve Act national banks are

permitted to loan 25 per cent of their

capital stock and surplus and up to 33

per cent of their time deposits on farm

security. Under the terms of the Act,





these loans are not to be made for a

longer period than five years, and the

amount’ of each loan is not to exceed

50 per cent of the actual value of the

farm property offered as Security. It

is not probable that in seasons of

commercial activity national banks

will exercise their option on loans

to the legal limit, but unquestion~

ably" much capital will be avail-

able for the making of such loans

from this new source to the added





convenience of farmers in many sec-





tions of the country who desire to

raise additional capital on long time

loans.





Reports are coming

from all over . the

state of the general

interest taken in

the road bees held early in June, in

pursuance to the governor’s proclama-

tion. Business men from the small

towns as well as farmers, turned out

en masse to do needed work on bad

spots in the roads of adjacent town-

ships, in many villages the stores be

ing closed as for a holiday occasion.

This shows that there is a general in-

terest in the matter of good roads,

which is shared by both country and

town people. The farmer Who does

not believe in and advocate reason-

able highway improvement is now

about as scarce as the farmer Who

has nothing but words of condemna-

tion for the automobile, both of which

classes were plentiful a few years ago.

Farmers who do not own automobiles

are finding good roads most helpful to

them in the marketing of their pro-

ducts, and in the making or necessary

trips to town.



It is probable that good roads senti-

ment is growing quite as rapidly as is

the knowledge of good road engineer-

ing, and that as rapidly as funds can

be judiciously expended in- this line

of work, they will be made available

by an interested public. Much of the

early work in the building of perma-

nent roads has not proven wholly sat-

isfactory, but wherever good material

has been available and good gravel

roads have been built, they are giving

excellent service with the 'minimum

amount of care. Fortunately, Michi.

gan is well supplied with gravel in

most sections, which promises well

for the future development of perma-

nent roads, where most needed in our

state.





Public Interest in

Good Roads.





CENTRAL MICHIGAN HOLSTEIN

BREEDERS MEET.





On Friday, June 19, the Central

Michigan Holstein Breeders’ Associa-

tion met at the farm of Hull Brothers,

near Dimondale, Eaton county, for

their usual summer picnic meeting.

Notwithstanding the morning’s rain

and the cold wind following it, a

crowd of over 300 Holstein enthusi-

asts assembled for the meeting. A

large share of these came in automo‘

biles, the Michigan Farmer represent-

ative counting 35 machines in the

yard. This exhibit of itself is a testi-

monial of the prosperity of Central

Michigan Holstein breeders, the larg-

er proportion of the autos being high‘

class cars.



A large awning had been spread in

front of the house and to this side

walls of canvas were added to break

the wind, and a sumptuous picnic din-

ner was served under this shelter.

The decorations about the pavilion

were in the Holstein colors, black and

white, while the excellent Holstein

herd of Hull Brothers was. pasturmg

in an adjacent field, thus adding to

the decorative effect. .



The large crowd spent the morning

looking over the cattle and comment-

ing upon their points of excellence.

After dinner was served, the program

of the day was carried out. Mr. N. P

Hull acted as toastmaster in his usual

happy manner, while his brother

John mixed with the crowd and saw

that everybody’s wants were well at-

tended to. Other members of the

family contributed, to the entertain-

ment by some excellent musical fea-

tures and the meeting, which was of

a purely social character. was pro-

nounced a marked success by every-

body. Numerous after-dinner talks

were given, the feature of the meet-

ing being an address by- Hon. D. D.

Aitken, of Flint, recently elected pres-

ident of the National Holstein Breed-

ers' Association at the Chicago meet-





 





ing. The :theme of Mr. Aitken’s ad-

rees was “Efficiency on the Farm,”

and he drew numerous parallels show-

ing how emciency had been promoted

in factory work, and giving applica-

tion to the thought as to how similar

efliclency might be increased in work

upon the farm until farm labor could

be made more attractive to the em-

cient workman than shop labor is at

the present time. Congressman J. M.

C. Smith was present at the meeting.

and gave an instructive and intertain-

ing talk on the topic of past and pros-

pective congressional legislation. ,

Following the completion of the

program the guests departed for their

homes. feeling well repaid for the ef-

fort of coming. The members of the

Central Michigan‘Holstein Breeders’

Association are already making plans

for other meetings of a similar char‘

acter, and for the giving of added pub-

licity to the breed in which they are

interested and the work which the

membership of the association is do-

ing. Incidentally a committee of the

association having the matter In

charge have prepared a roster of the

membership, copies of which were dis-

tributed at the meeting: Unquestion-

ably, the enthusiasm shown by these

breeders spells an even greater meas-

ur of success for their business in the

futléro than they have enjoyed in the

pas .





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





V National.





. Two men were killed Sunday by he

lng thrown from a. motorcycle against

a street car on Jefferson avenue, De-

troit.



Twelve persons were drowned when

the launch in which they were riding

struck a log in the Oswego canal

north of Syracuse, N. Y., Sunday

night and went to the bottom.



Sunday, while in a car with several

lions for the purpose of feeding them,

E. D. Dietrich was torn to pieces by

the beasts. The tragedy occurred in

the downtown section of Chicago

where thousands of people could wit-

ness the awful death of the youth.



The aeroplane in which Lieutenant

Porte will attempt to cross the At-

lantic ocean during July, is nearing

completion at Hammondsport, N. Y.



The outlook for the settlement of

differences between Ohio 00:11 operat-

ors and 25,000 miners over a wage

dispute is not bright. The joint com-

mittee meets this week Tuesday, but

little hope of reaching an agreement

is held out.



At the election of officers during the

closing session of the G. A. R. and

Spanish war veterans at Jackson last

week, Riley L. Jones, of Saginaw, was

elected for department commander.

while Mrs. Catherine Waite, of De«

troit, was chosen head of the ladies

of the G. A. R. The departmental

president of the W. R. C. is Emma E.

Bailey, also of Detroit.



The Michigan state central commit-

tee of the National Progressive party

met in Detroit last week and agreed

to urge the nomination of Henry R.

Pattengill as their candidate for gov-

ernor of Michigan, at the coming

election.



Former Governor Chase S. Osborn

has announced his candidacy for the

republican nomination for the gover-

norship of Michigan.



Ludington will celebrate the com-

pletion of the million dollar harbor

July 3-4. A variety of attractions has

been listed on the program.



Foreign.



Although it appeared last week that

the efforts of the mediation confer-

ence at Niagara Falls would fail in

an effort to bring about a settlement

of differences between the United

States and Gen. Huerta, of Mexico,

the outlook is now a little brighter.

On Monday there was reason to be-

lieve that the constitutionalists would

have a representative at Niagara Falls

and while he would not have an ac-

tive part in the deliberations he would

have a hearing so that the position of

the rebels could be taken into consid-

eration in reaching decisions upon the

many matters to be settled. 'The Uni-

ted States is desirous that the confer-

ence bring about pacification of the

different factions in Mexico, and um

less it can do this, the administration

at Washington will feel that the of

fort has been of no avail. The new





 





 





- turn of affairs, however, gives hope





that this may be done. President Wil<

son is taking a firm stand for the

selection of a constitutionalist asntem-

pomry president, a position that is

meeting opposition in the conference.



Last Friday an explosion in a coal

mine at Lethbridge, Alberta, entomb—

ed 250 miners. It is believed that all

the victims have been killed or suf-

focated by gases.





Because they charged the Russian '





department of justice with allowing

race prejudice to determine. in the

famous trial of Mandel Memes at the

court of Kiev. 25 Russian lawyers

have been imprisoned.





..i w august





 





 





 





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». “Mammy.“ M“ u. -





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'UUNE 27 , 1914.





THE MICHI





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Innovations Unpopular' in Modern Egyptian Agriculturei

I By PROF. ALFRED VIVIAN.





GYPTIAN agriculture is old. It

E spans the centuries from the



earliest known records to the

present. And as a result of plowing,

sowing and harvesting under the same

conditions for hundreds of generations

the inhabitants have standardized

their methods and are little inclined

to adopt new ways of treating their

soil or growing their crops. We can

hardly blame them for the stand they

take, especially if they are permitted

to compare the results of European

and American methods of soil man-

agement which have depleated large

areas of fertility, with their own.





But while the agriculture of the Nile

has been quite as remarkable as that

of China and Japan, it is apparent to

students of soils and plant production

that the adoption of modern practices

would greatly increase the annual pro-

duction of that fertile valley. How-

ever, before we consider the present

attempt to introduce western ideas,

let us observe in addition to things

mentioned two weeks ago, their man-

ner of irrigation, cropping, etc.



W'herever irrigation is followed the

land is carefully laid out in small

squares by means of ridges of soil

seven to ten inches in hight. On top

of some of these ridges are built small

ditches which are used to conduct the

water from the shadoif or sakieh (the

contrivances used to raise water from

wells or streams into reservoirs) to

the difierent squares, each one of

which is flooded in turn. Wherever

a sakieh is running, two or three boys

will be found whose duty it is to see

that the water is properly conducted

to these squares of ground.



The crop, whatever it may be, re-

ceives no cultivation after the plant-

ing, and, excepting where irrigated,

no attention until harvested. The

grain crop is usually harvested by

pulling it up by the roots, although in

some cases it is cut close to the

ground with a hand sickle. The grain

is threshed by spreading it on a hard

piece of ground and driving over and

over it with an instrument called a

dorag drawn by a team of cows, buf-

faloes or camels. The dorag consists

of a sled with wooden runners be-

tween which are placed a number of

metal disks much like those on an

American disk harrow. This treat-

ment loosens the grain from the chaff

and at the same time crops and bruis-

es the straw and, finally, to separate

the grain, the whole material is tossed

into the air (generally by the wom-

en) when the wind blows out the

chaff and straw, leaving the grain be-

hind. The bruised and cut straw is

called “tibn” and is the principal dry

feed of the farm animals. It is claim-

ed that the treatment it is subjected

to during the process of threshing

makes it much more nutritious and

digestible than is long straw.





We are informed that hay is prac-

tically never made in Egypt but that

all clover, etc., is fed green. At this

time thousands of animals may be

seen tethered in the fields of Egyp-

tian clover and lucern, and a strange

appearance they make for each small

field may contain a whole menagerie

of animals made up of camels, cattle,

buffaloes, donkeys, sheep and goats

all fastened to stakes by one foot, and

in most cases striving in vain to





reach the tall forage just beyond,

Apparently the non-leguminous hay

crops are seldom used.





It is also sur-





prising how many men can keep

themselves busy lying on their backs

watching the thethered animals. Ly-

ing on the back is the most arduous

labor that is congenial to many of the

inhabitants of this historic land.

The fact that the Nile Valley,

thanks to the annual inundation, has

been able to produce large crops for

thousands of years has given rise to

one of the world-widely accepted fal-

lacies of agriculture, i. e., that any

land is benefited by being overflowed

or inundated. This notion prevails in

some localities in spite of the fact

that the crop is in many cases de-

creased instead of being increased by

the overflow. English farmers have

had some very unfortunate experi-

ences in trying to “warp” land as they

call it; which means covering it with

muddy water so that the mud may be

deposited. In the Nile Valley the con-





growing throughout the entire year

and dikes are made to prevent the

land from being inundated—a marked

contrast to the basin system.



Near Assiut, about 250 miles up the

river, another barrage has been con-

structed to force the water into the

irrigation canals, and many square

miles between there and Cairo are

also available for perennial irrigation.

In order still further to increase the

agricultural possibilities an enormous

dam has been built at Assuan, 600

miles above Cairo to store water for

use during the low water period of

the year. This dam has made possi-

ble the cultivation of thousands of

acres of land which were formerly

non-productive. Perennial irrigation

has made possible the production of

the very profitable cotton crop—for

Egyptian cotton is noted for its ex-

ceptional quality. Sugar cane is also





 





 





By the Use of the Great Storage Dam Across the Nile at Assuan,





Thou-





sands of Acres of Land Can be Cropped Continuously.





ditions are peculiarly favorable for re-

alizing the full value of the inunda-

tion. The subsoil consists of coarse

sand through which the water readily

percolates, and which of itself would

dry out so rapidly as to make crop

growing impossible. The ‘fine silt

brought down by the Nile is just what

is needed to improve the texture of

the sand and to make the surface

more compact. The excess of water

drains away with great rapidity and

the mixture of mud and sand holds

just enough water to mature the crop.

Before the ground is again used it

becomes very dry and porous and is

thoroughly aerated so there is no ten-

dency for it to become puddled or wa-

ter-logged. With a clay subsoil the

agriculture of the Nile Valley would

have been another story.



The preceding description will give

a fair idea of the methods of agricul-

ture exclusively used up to the last

century. In recent years, however,

what is known as perennial irriga-

tion, has been introduced in parts of

Egypt, especially in the Delta lying

between Cairo and the Mediterranean

Sea. A dam (here called a barrage)

was built below Cairo in order to

raise the water to a level high enough

to flow directly onto the land. The

water is directed into canals con-

structed above the ground level from

which water may be drawn at any

time. On this land crops are kept





produced in large quantities since

there is a dependable supply of water.

But perennial irrigation has not been

an unmixed blessing. Under the old

system of farming the most ignorant

or malicious could not deplete the fer-

tility of the soil. The Nile furnished

water sufficient for just one crop a

year and deposited a new layer of silt

to replace the plant food removed by

the crop. Under the new system those

who are located in the region suited

to perennial irrigation can have some

crop growing on the land at all times;

no silt is deposited, for the inundation

is prevented, and the result is that on

many of the farms the soil is actually

decreasing in fertility. It is also found

that the continual watering produces

water—logging, and it is now pretty

well understood that some system of

drainage must go hand in hand with

constant irrigation.



Perhaps the result will be that most

of the land suitable for perennial irri-

gation will be formed into large es—

tates for the small farmer (fellah)

has no capital with which to put in

improvements. At the present time

90 per cent of all the farm land of

Egypt is owned in tracts of from one-

half to five acres—the vast majority

of the holdings not exceeding one

acre. In striking contrast to these

tiny holdings will occasionally be

found an estate of from 10,000 to 15,-

000 acres. In one field may be seen





a camel and a heifer hitched to the

pointed stick, and in the next, may-

hap, an English steam plow turning

its many acres a day. Or on one side

of the canal may be noticed the labor-

ious raising of water by sakieh or

shadoof, while just opposite the steam

or gasoline pump pours out its floods

upon,the fields. The government, by

the way, is offering every encourage

ment to the small farmer, and it is in-

teresting to note that Egypt has its

“back to the land” movement, and

that the old familiar complaint that

the young men rush to the excitement

of the city is heard in the Orient as

well as in the Occident.



One of the hardest problems of the

Egyptian Department of Agriculture

is to convince the fellahin (plural of

fellah) that fertilizers are necessary

for best results in crop production.

When one’s ancestors have depended

for 5,000 years on the Nile mud it is

hard to believe that anything else is

necessary, even though the methods

of culture may be changed. Most of

the animal manure is dried and used

as fuel, for wood and coal are both

very expensive. Practically the only

fertilizer at present used by the fel-

lahin is a substance they call koufri

which they dig from the sites of an.

cient villages. Very few of them use

any connnercial fertilizer although its

value has been proven on the larger

farms.



In some sections the quality of the

cotton crop has been almost ruined by

the use of cheap seed. The Egyptian

cotton is especially valuable for its

long fiber and commands the highest

price in the world. To save a few

cents some of the farmers have plant-

ed Indian seed with disastrous results.

The government is now contemplat-

ing a movement to supply good seed

at a nominal cost, on credit, so as to

prevent any further deterioration in

the quality of cotton.



In addition to cotton and grain, the

principal crops of Egypt are Indian

corn, beans, rice, clover, millet, su-

gar cane, dates, oranges and a large

variety of vegetables, which latter

grow to perfection in this climate

when irrigated. The animals are of

inferior quality. The cattle are evi-

dently kept largely for work animals

and the buffalo is depended upon for

milk production rather than the cow.

The sheep are black or a dirty brown

said to have deteriorated from indis-

criminate inbreeding, while the goats

are poor things when compared with

the fine flocks seen in Europe.



One of the unique sights of Egypt

is the ostrich farm located at Heliop-

olis near Cairo. This farm owns

about 400 birds, which are kept in a.

number of small enclosures on the

desert. They are fed on clover, beans

and various grains produced on adja-

cent irrigated land. The feathers are

plucked in the spring and the more

valuable birds produce about $60

worth of feathers annually. This farm

has birds ranging in age from a few

Weeks to 35 years old-the life of an

ostrich being about 50 years.



It is a strange experience to walk

along the edge of the inundated re-

gion of the Nile Valley and see on one

side a luxuriant stand of clover or

grain, While one foot away, where the

ground was just too high for the wa-

ter to reach, is barren sand. You then

appreciate the thought of the poet

who sings the praises of “Father

Nile.”
“Zr—10





 

 





A Farm Boy Becomes a'Great'Naturalist

By CONDA J. HAM.





 





F you wish to know anything con-



cerning a Michigan animal or bird,



just ask Mr. Norman A. Wood,

museum taxidermist, and curator of

birds at the University of Michigan.

If he cannot give you the information

readily out of his own memory, he

goes to a corner of his little office,

pulls down a great book that closely

resembles one of those county at-

lases, and behind this big book he is

fortified against all the bombardment

of questions you may hurl at him.



That book is the check list of

Michigan mammals, and Mr. Wood is

its author. No work of more interest

to lovers of natural history is to be

found in the state. It is the only one

of its kind. For a quarter of a cen-

tury, Mr. Wood has been at work up-

on it, and it is not completed yet. In

fact, “Finis” will not be written upon

its last page until the power of ob-

servation has been finally denied its

author.



But first a word about its author,

who is equally as interesting as the

book. Plain farmer, taxidermist, and

now a leading authority on mammals

and birds is, in brief, the story of his

career.‘ Mr. Wood’s starting place

was an unpretentious Michigan farm,

and he has proved that such a begin-

ning may be the logical opening for a

position of great authority and high

honor. The secret of his rise was the

manner in which he made use of his

opportunities. He was a student at

his work.



While a young man, Mr. Wood be-

came very interested in the life that

teemed everywhere about him upon

the farm. He studied the habits of

the many kinds of little mice which

his plow turned out of the ground in

the spring and fall. He learned the

ways of the gopher, the mole, and

other field inhabitants. He spied up-

on the sly foxes, the minks, weasels;

learned the life histories of the bea-

ver and the muskrat. He was a

friend of every lark, thrush, and rob-

in; the life habits of the quail, phea-

sant, and prairie chicken were as fa-

miliar to him as those of the common

barnyard fowl. In fact, every living

thing he found, was studied by the

young farmer who kept and made use

of this knowledge.



One winter, when work upon the

farm was/not pressing, Mr. Wood

went to New York and studied the art





of taxidermy that he might preserve'





some of the interesting animals with

which he came in contact. Then came

the offer from the University of Mich-

igan, which desired a good taxider-

mist for its museum, and Mr. Wood

left the farm to enter the larger field.

Twenty years, Mr. Wood has held

the position of taxidermist. In all

that time he has been studying every

phase of animal and bird nature in

the state of Michigan. Every sum-

mer he has gone out into the state

on collecting expeditions and winters

he has worked in the museum labora-

tories upon the specimens secured.

His work has crystallized in the

check list of Michigan mammals,

which contains all records, which Mr.

Wood has been able to find, of every

Michigan mammal. When Mr. Wood

hears about, or reads of the killing of

animals anywhere, or when a rumor

reaches him that a certain species has

been sighted in some district, or that

the skeleton of an extinct type has

been unearthed, he opens his big

book, searches through his records of

that species to see if it has ever been

reported in that section of the state

before, and if not, he verifies the re-

port and then enters it as a part of

the record. In this manner, Mr. Wood

has compiled a knowledge of the

range of Michigan animals which sur-

passes anything to be found in the

state. .

This valuable book is in the form





of a loose-leaved scrap book. Its cov-

ers and pages are about two by three

feet in size and its leaves are made

from extra strong paper. On one side

of each page is an outline map of the

state, while on the other side the

page is blank in order that notations

concerning the records may be made.

Each species has been assigned to

one of these map pages. When one

of the species is reported as having

been found, Mr. Wood enters the date,

exact circumstance and authority for

the record, upon the blank side and

the various records are numbered

consecutively. Then upon the outline

map on the opposite side of the sheet

is placed a red cross at the exact spot

where the animal was reported and

beside the cross is placed the number

of the record.



Mr. Wood has gathered his records

in every possible way. He has noted

all his personal observations, carefully

clipped all news articles concerning

animals, watched the magazines, and

has even searched throughavailable

histories touching on Michigan life to

discover what the historians might

tell him of the early conditions here.





Among the most interesting are the

records of six fossil mammals which

ages ago found Michigan soil their

last resting place. These records are

interesting today, especially to those

who have looked upon the carefully

guarded bones of an extinct species

in some museum and have uncon-

sciously imagined the animals to have

lived in a strange land as foreign to

ours as the age in which they 1ived

was from our age.



According to the check list, there

was once a great Columbia mammoth

roaming through the primeval forests,

for the skeleton of the gigantic ani-

mal was unearthed not many years

ago in Jackson county. It was not

likely that this great beast had acci-

dentally strayed off on some trip of

adventure only to get itself killed in

a strange country by some of the sav-

age natives, but it is likely that Mich-

igan was once the home of this ani-

mal species. This is borne out by the

second species which Mr. Wood has

on record. It is a cousin of the Col-

umbian mammoth, known as the

Northern mammoth. The skeletons of

two of these animals have been un-

earthed, one near Jackson and the

other not far from Ann Arbor.



The Mastodon, another cousin of

these extinct and powerful animals

was, according to the check list, once

very plentiful all over the southern

part of the state.‘ There are records

of traces of the Mastodon in the coun-

ties of Washtenaw, Wayne, Eaton,

Muskegon, Montcalm, Gratiot, Sagi-

naw, Bay, and Allegan.



The giant beaver, an extinct spe-

cies, which often attained a size as

large as a bear is the fourth of this

series. Several years ago, a skeleton

of this animal was unearthed while a

big ditch was being dug near Ann Ar-

bor. This is said to be the most per-

fect giant beaver skeleton in exist-

ence anywhere today. The wild pec‘

cary, an animal similar to the wild

boar, the fifth of these fossil forms,

was evidently once quite plentiful in

Ionia county, but, while a considerable

number of peccary skeletons have

been unearthed in this one county,

not another record of them is found

in the state. The sixth series is the

muskox, one skeleton of which was

found a number of years ago at Grand

Rapids, and which is in a museum

there.



The bison and the buffalo, monarchs

of the western plains in pioneer days,

were once plentiful in lower Michigan

according to the records which have

been found by Mr. Wood. They never

went far north in the state, but only

roamed up into the southern tier of

counties out of Indiana and Ohio dur-





(





 





"T HE MIC H I G AN 1? Ann's R “





ing the best!!! the pasturing season.

Blois, the historian, in speaking of the

settlement of Fort Ponchartrain (now

Detroit). in 1701 said, “Game was

abundant in the vicinity, and buffalo

roamed the plains of southern Mich-

igan in great herds.”



Lewis Cass, former governor of

Michigan, writing in 1834 in Historic

Sketches, tells of the visit of Charle-

voix to Detroit in 1721, after which

the explorer wrote that he “found

herds of buffalo ranging along the

River Raisin.” Miss M. Sheldon, in

her history written in 1856, states

that in 1763, “The forests of lower

Michigan were natural parks stocked

with buffalo, deer, etc.” Even James

Fennimore Cooper has contributed to

the records in the check list. In "Oak

Openings,” Cooper tells of the herds

of buffalo that roamed the plains





,1. v0





mama--





abont Kalamazoo, or that section of

the state in which the city is now

located.



While the “bull” moose are practi-

cally all gone from the state now.

there was a time, Mr. Wood has

found, when they occurred all over

the north, and records show them to

have been found as far south as De-

troit. The last record of a moose in

lower Michigan which has been en-

tered upon the check list, was ob-

tained from an old hunter who is still





living. He killed one in Huron coun--





ty and took it to Port Huron for

shipment to his home.



Mr. Wood has a certain pride in the

accuracy of his volume, upon which

he has spent so many years of study.

With it he can discredit some of the

best works on animal life ever pub-

lished. '





lllllllllll|IIIiIIllllIllflm"NIIIIHllllI""IHII"Illlllllllllmllllllmll“"lllHIIllllmlllflllli"MINI”IUIIIllmllllllmlmlMIMI”[Mllmllllllmmmllmlllif“llIllm“IlHllflmmlll"ill"lmlH"”HHHHIHIIlllllllllmllll

. C . . —BY

The Claim of a Little Cltizen FLORA HUNTLEY





Tony, imperiously.



“Shan’t! ’Tain’t yours!” Ar-

chie Marshall thrust the toy under

the white belt of his buster suit, and

stood at bay, like an officer with his

hand upon his sword. Often had he

seen the “soldiers” so stand, when his

father had reviewed them.



“Give it to me, I say!

know how to fire it!”



Tony made a sudden grab; there

was a scuffle for possession and the

pistol eluded both boys and hit the

window back of them.



“Now you’ve done It!” taunted

Tony. “I bet your father licks you

when he sees it.”



“My father doesn’t lick me,” cor.

rected Archie. Even in a crisis of

this nature he could not forget the

dignity of his father. “He punishes

me.”



“I bet he licks you this time! You

never broke a window like that be-

fore. Why that window—” Tony

squinted his eye in calculation, and

spat on the porch deliberately. “That

window must have cost fifty dollars.

Them plate glass ones comes high.”



Archie was not impressed by Tony’s

awe~inspiring fifty-dollar sentence.

His little mind was filled with fore-

bodings of a bread~and~water supper,

and early compulsory retirement to a

sleepless bed. His fingers toyed ner-

vously with the little flag which his

mother had stuck in his button-hole

that morning, because it was the

Fourth of July, she told him. A step

on the walk caused him to turn.



“There’s nurse, you had better

run!” he counseled.



The crash of broken glass brought

the girl from the summer-house.



“Archie Marshall!” she cried, seizc

ing him roughly by the shoulder.

“What have you done? Come straight

up stairs with me. And you,” she

turned to the boy in overalls,

“Haven’t I told you not to come into

this yard? Go home and stay there,

or I’ll have the policeman arrest you!

How would you like to sleep in jail?”



Tony thrust his hands into his pock-

ets and went down the gravel walk

whistling cheerfully and unconcerned‘

1y, solely bent on discovering another

fortunate possessor of pistol or fire-

crackers.



“Now you’re going straight to bed,”

declared Lena, leading her charge

with some violence up the broad

stairs, and pushing him into the nur-

sery.



“You’re a naughty boy, do you

hear? A naughty boy, and when your

father comes home from the exer-

cises he’ll whip you till you smart.”



Her cap seemed stiffer than usual

over her blond pompadour, and her

white tie stood out aggressively. It

was the same costume his old nurse

had worn, yet how diiferent she had

looked. Archie mused on the strange

fact in the wealth of his disaster.



“Stand ’still! can’t you!’ she work-

ed rapidly as she talked and jerked





o





GIVE me the pistol,” commanded





You don’t





 





off shoes and socks with no gentle

hand. At length the little naked fig-

ure stood before her with its smooth

white body and tanned knees. His

face was tear-stained and his hands

twitched nervously.



“About how much does—a Window

c-cost?” he faltered. “Tony said—”



“Oh, I don’t know,” she answered

indifferently, as she pulled the white

night-dress over his head. “A hundred

dollars, maybe. You’re rough and

careless, and I’ve told you not to play

with that little ragmuffin.”



“But he didn’t have any fire-crack-

ers, Lena, nor torpedoes nor any«

thing.”



“He doesn’t need any, nor you eith-

er. 1 wish to goodness there was a

law against fire-crackers!” she sniff-

ed. “Here’s company coming to-mor-

row and that window broken. If I

was your father I’d thrash you good

and hard.”





“He never Whipped me,” sobbed the,





child.



“You were never so naughty be-

fore. Wait ’till he comes and you’ll

see.” With this comforting assurance

she put the boy into his bed and drew

down the shade.



“Now don’t you stir!” she com-

manded, and shut the door noisily.



Archie restlessly studied the flash.

ing butterfly on the vase on the man-

tle. What a miserable ending to the

glorious promise of the morning. Then

he had helped his father to hang out

the flags and tack up the bunting.

And all the while his father had talk-

ed with him and told him the story

of Old Glory, and how he must never

do anything to disgrace his colors;

that a soldier would die for his flag,

and no matter where an American cit-

izen might go he was under the pro-

tection of the stars and stripes, so

that no one dared do him wrong.



He had not meant to be naughty.

How could he know that the pistol

would slip out of his hand? He had

kept his promise and had not lighted

a single fire-cracker all the afternoon.

And now he was to be whipped—~per-

haps. He sobbed pitifully as he clung

to his pillow for consolation.



It could not be! His father would

not whip his own little boy. Yet both

Tony and Lena had said so. He pic~

tured the details of his punishment

until his spirit was lashed into a

frenzy of fear. What did men do in

trouble? What did Washington do at

Valley Forge? They prayed before

going into battle. He remembered

the story perfectly.



Slipping from his cot the boy knelt

and repeated his evening prayer, then

as was his custom, added his personal

petition.



“Dear God:

me. I didn’t mean to do it.

him whip me.”



When he rose a comfort came to

his heart. He crossed to the Window

and raised the shade. On. the balcony

hung the hunting and the waving

flags, the glorious flags of the morn~





Don’t let Papa whip

Don’t let
JUNE 27, 1914.





ing. By lifting the sash he could step

out and touch them'. He looked down

and saw Lena talking with 'the groc-

ery boy. The clock struck three. He

counted the strokes and remembered

that his father was to give an ad-

dress at that hour.



“The American Flag—an address by

A. H. Marshall." He had heard his

mother read it from the paper that

morning. Perhaps he was giving it

now.



He sat down on the edge of his bed,

and then, suddenly, like an answer to

his prayer, there came to his thought

the manner of his deliverance.



It was five o’clock when he was

awakened by the sound of his moth-

er's voice. She was in the room, com-

ing toward‘him in her white dress,

her parasol dangling from her hand;

beside her, splendid in the gold lace

of his uniform, stood his father.



His mother bent down and kissed

him.



“Are you awake, Archie?” she said.



Then his father spoke: “What is

it, my son? Open your eyes and tell

father what has hapuened.”



The voice was stern but not angry,

and his mother was beside him. The

boy threw back the white counter-

pane and sat up in bed. His hair lay

in moist curls on his forehead, his

cheek and neck were stained with red,





and tightly wrapped around him was‘





a great bunting flag. .



“You won’t whip me, will you papa,

because you see, I didn’t mean to do

it, and I'm a citizen under the flag.

You couldn’t attack me, could you,

papa?” He smiled bewitchingly, but

his voice was anxious.



The eyes of his parents met. His

mother kissed him again, and his fath-

er’s lips twitched before he spoke.



“No, indeed, my son. Since it was

an accident you can pay for the win-

dow from your bank. Get dressed,

now, and come down to the dining-

room for some ice cream. Then I’ll

set off the fire-crackers for you.

Where’s Lena?"



“Don’t call her,’ said his mother.

“I’ll dress Archie. Come into moth-

er’s room, dear.”



“Windows don’t cost so much, do

they?” chattered the boy as he stood

before her while she fastened his belt.

Then he put his warm lips against her

neck and whispered, “I just love the

American flag."





A FEW SMILES.





The Parting.

Two microbes sat on a pantry shelf,

And watched with expression pained

The milkman’s stunts, '

And both said at once,

“Our relations are getting strained.”

——House Beautiful.





Substitute.



“Your father is in the art gallery

quite often now?”



“Yes. Ma’s made him out out bur-

lesque shows.”



The Turning Point.



“He who puts his hand to the plow,”

screamed the crossroads orator.

“must not turn back!” “What is he

to do when he gets to the end of the

furrer?" asked the auditor in the blue

jeans.





 





Up-to-Date.



“What’s the trouble?” asked the

boss at the Punk ranch. “There’s a

hobo at the door with a rickety auto-

mobile. Wants to know if we can

give him an old set of tires.”





A Problem in Division.





“Look here, waiter, how long am I

going to have to wait for that half

portion of duck I ordered?”



“Till somebody orders the other

half. 'We can’t go out and kill half a





A Recollection.



The story comes from one of the

local papers in Arkansas about a man

that was afraid of a thunder storm

and crawled into a hollow log. The

thunder rolled, the rain poured down

torrents and the log swelled up until

the poor fellow was wedged in so

tight that he could not move. All his

past sins .began to pass before him

when he suddenly remembered that

he had not paid his newspaper sub-

scription. He said this made him

feel so small that he crawled out of

the log through a knot hole.





 





THE MICHIGAN





FARMER





11—643





 





Reo the F ifth—$1,l 7





17.0. B.Lsnsm¢'





With Electric Starter I

and Complete Equipment





 





 





 





 





 





 





This is the Super-Car





Rec the Fifth—Mr. Olds’ great

car—is not built by usual stand.

ards. It is built for men who

want a super-car.





It is built for years of perfect

service—built to withstand ab-

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bring troubles, upkeep and re-

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meet the tests of a SCI-horsepower

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formula. The gears are tested

for 75,000 pounds per tooth.





There are 15 roller bearings-

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other car in this class was ever

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The result soon shows. The

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pairs. The car stays new. It

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Rough Usage





Under normal conditions—on

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this. He needs these margins

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this super-strength.





Men are finding this out.

Every year, thousands of men

who have owned other cars are





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Canadian F actory, St. Catharines, Ont. Canadian Price, $1,575





 





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A thousand dealers sell Ran





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[258;





 





 





 





 





<- 9

W-





The thirsty one’s :5."





one best beverage.





Demand the genuine

by full name-'-

ickmmcs encourage

substitution.





THE COCA-COLA Co'., Amara, GA.





. Delicious, 5

Refreshing ), ,





 

   

   

 





 

 





 





 





mm





 





 





VACATION DAYS—I-LAPPY DAYS





ANGE your vacation or business trip to include our alatisl lake steamers.





RR

A .Every detail that counts for your convenience d co

Duly service between Detroit and Cleveland. and





rt has been rovidcd.

't and Buffalo. trip.





rte. ccial Steamer Cleveland





between Detroit and Cleveland duri In? and August. Four trips weekly from

an lepo





Toledo and Detroit to Mackinac lslsn





to Mackinac lsland two trips weekly June 25th to Septem er I

. S .





enroutc except at Detroit every trip.

June l0th to §cptcmba l0tb





'on between ctroit





d.

between Toledomnndm min-Bay





mama acre. ted 'i r mums D. a c. Lin Ste: ' u.

accep andoflufialo. or Dggo‘i’tnand Cleveland. men m a ct





Send two-cent stamp for illustrated pamphlet giving detailed description of





norms: trips. Address L. G. Lewis. Gen]. Passenger Agenl, Detroit, Mich.

DETROIT 8: CLEVELAND NAVIGATION COMPANY





‘Philip H. McMillan, Ms.





 





 





 





A. A. Schantz, Vice Frasmnd GenLMgn 1





 





 





5“" FREE BOOK

For ‘

”What Should I Get When

I Buy A Stove ?" '





Tells How to Get More Value for Less Mom-y





ECLIPSE STOVE COMPANY, Mansfield, tho

l

DAISY FLYKILLER 2.3:: gm. We,





flies. Neat. clean, or-





namental. convenient.

cheap. Llstl Ill





 





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season. Made of

metal, can't spill or tip

over; will not soil or

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Guaranteed efiective.



5 old by Dealers or

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HAROLD saunas. 160 Dede Ave" Brooklyn, 8. Y.





FRE booklet ---





how to mes-

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ra e-«spare hmcs-at I -'

home. Let Instart you as a WORKING MOB-El: 7'7

Ch'aulleur or Mechanician-- \ SY 5 T E. M d

we ve Stalledllundteds. Send now for proofs and free book.

BB DY KB MOTOR SCHOOL.

4632 Walnut Street Dept. D. Philadelphia





 





 





 





 





 





The Grand Rapids





VETERINARY COLLEGE





Oflorsalllru years Course In Veterinary Science.

Oomplym with all the requi rements ol' the U. S.

Pureau 0t. dAnlgml “Industry. oEstablished 1897.



ncorpora 9 no or . tote aw. overn 5d l '

of Trustees. Write for Free Chtalouf. )y Board





[52 and 154 Louis St., Grand Rapids. Michigan.





 





 





i) We have many able-bodied

no You "00d Farm Help: young 1110]]V mostly with.

outfnrmlng experience. who wis to work on farms. If

you need a good. steady. sober and willing worker

write .for. an order blank. Ours is a philanthropic

organisation. and we make no charge to employer

or employee. Our obJect is to encourage farming

among the Jews. The Jewish Agricultural

Society. 714 W. 12th 8t.. Chicago. Illinois.





man AUCTIOIEEIIIIIB ,fi.“°“"'."'°‘“' 3......



_ come in open cut with n.

capltnl Invested. Term opens August 3d. Write today for free,

catalogue. Jones Nat'l School of Auctioneering, Carey

M. Jones, Pres.. [4 N. Sacramento Blvd.. Chicago. Ill.





 





Hustlers Wanted.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER has an open-

ing for a few hustlers to solicit sub«

scriptions. An easy selling proposition is





giventothe solicitor and an extra large

commission paid so that any hustler can

make $20to $35 per week. Write at once

for full particulars to





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

Detroit Michigan.
644—12





 

 

 





, n





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





:





At





 





To Earn ‘Money Sell Necessarics.





ETTERS frequently come to this



department from women who for



various reasons must earn mon-

ey. In the majority of cases they ask

for the address of a Woman’s Ex-

change or some other place where

they can sell fancywork.



Now, doing fancywork is all right

in its place, but as a means of earn-

ing a living it does not rate high. Did

you ever stop to think that the surest

way to make money is to have some-

thing to sell that the other fellow

can’t get along without? And who

couldn’t get along without a doiley?

We buy fancywork after we have

bought groceries and sheets and pil-

lowcases and towels and kitchen ap-

rons and other essentials. It is a lux-

ury, to be thought about only after

we have supplied our wants. There-

fore, the wise woman who must earn

money will see to it that she has for

sale something that will supply an

immediate want.



Besides this, what chance has an

American woman to compete with the

cheap labor of foreign markets, where

Women embroider for a few pence a

day? Or with the fiOods of machine-

made laces and embroidered things

on the market? Occasionally a poor

Woman reads an advertisement from

some firm to embroider at home. Her

experience is usually like that of a

neighbor of mine. She got one dozen

doilies through the mail to embroider

at home. \Vhen she did the work

well enough to satisfy her conscience

she made two cents a day. By stif-

ling conscience and taking stitches a

fourth of an inch apart she brought

her day’s wages up to four and a half

cents.



If I were a woman forced to earn a

living at home I should try my luck

first at supplying food. If you live

near a lively town and have a small

patch of ground you can earn a good

sum every summer by supplying the

stores with fresh vegetables. You

can make still more by going from

house to house and selling your stuff

for what the stores get. If you own

the place it will cost you little or

nothing to set out strawberries and

other small fruit to sell at good.

prices. No matter if your lot is small,

by utilizing every inch of ground you

can make more money through the

summer than you could in a year

from fancywork.



A letter sent to the Department of

Agriculture will send you bulletins

telling you the proper way to raise

any vegetable or fruit you care to at-

tempt. And a further request will

send you floods of information as to

how to can your surplus for market,

suggestions for labels, and addresses

of firms who sell home canning out-

fits. If you can not sell your canned

goods at home, a self-addressed en-

velope sent to a daily paper in your

nearest city, with a request for infor-

mation, will secure for you the names

and addresses of leading groceries,

hotels and cafes where you might

place home-made jellies, jams, pre-

serves, pickles, etc. Use your own

name on your label so that customers

will ask for your brand. If your near-





est city is Detroit the editor of this'





department will gladly forward ad-

dresses.



Suppose your forte is sewing in-

stead of cooking. Ofier to do plain





 





sewing and mending for your well-to-

do neighbors. It is not so fascinating,

perhaps, as fancywork, but more prac-

tical, and therefore better paid.



There still remains one great field

of employment which is never over-

crowded, though the pay is good. All

over the land busy farm wives are

crying for help in the kitchen. Put

your pride in your pocket and go out

and help them. Just as soon as it is

known you will do this sort of work

you will have enough to do to keep

you busy 24 hours in the day. If you

can not go out by the week, go by the

day. You can get from $1.00 to $1.75

a day, and do about as you please, for

today the woman in the kitchen is

monarch of all she surveys.





Woman and Her Needs

Home and Elnewf) ere

(I i % n





JUNE 27, 1914.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





I’ll admit that it is more soothing

to one’s foolish pride to sit in the

parlor and embroider than it is to

bend over a washboard or scrub a

floor. But there isn’t half the money

in it. And, anyhow, what is the dif-

ference? Kitchen work is honest

work, and no one with sense thinks

any the less of the woman who is

doing it. .



Besides the money, gardening, cook-

ing and housework are better occu-

pations for women on the score of

health. What is worse on lungs, eyes

and nerves than fine needlework?

What is better than muscular work

in the open, or in a ventilated

kitchen?



If you must work, prepare to fur-

nish the necessities. Leave the frills

for those who don’t need money.



DEBORAH.





lllllll|Hill|lllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|||Illll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll[Illllllll”Illlllllllllllllllllllllllll

One Way for a Ladics’ Socmty to Raise Funds.





 





limited the work of many philan-



thropic institutions. There is

scarcely an organization but whose

officers can see much merited work

that should be done, and could be if

funds were at hand. Consequently

the following example of work design-

ed to raise money will meet with gen-

eral interest among the various sun-

shine societies, granges, farmers’

clubs, church auxiliaries, etc.



To secure food and clothing for 200

or more waifs in an institution in De-

troit, a sale of practical aprons was

held. A committee of ladies had the

making of the aprons In charge. They

met at least once each week to pre-

pare the garments for the day of the

sale, and naturally the gatherings, be-

sides being of a business character,

afforded social opportunities. An ef-

fort was made to have the 250 aprons

made so that no two were alike. Of

course, several were out after the

same pattern, but the material, color,

or trimmings were different. While

the aprons were all practical, there

were many of them made of dainty,





INABILITY to provide funds has





 





A Good Clothes Protector.





filmy material that appealed to the

eye and were becoming to the wearer.

The purpose was to facilitate the sale

by having aprons that would appeal

to the various wants of the different

buy-ers.



For the big, roomy bungalow ap-

rons, that many wear as a frock dur-

ing the hot, sultry mornings of sum-

mer just to work in, gingham, per-

cale and the, coarser stuffs were used.





V





Practically all of these garments have

the big, handy pockets so useful to

women. For the bewitching Gretchen

apron, dainty organdy, mill, Swiss,

lawn or flaxon has been employed,

with Valenciennes lace or fine em-

broidery. The beading at the waist-





line, in several of them, has rich vel-

vet ribbon loops and ends.

There were dozens upon dozens of





 





attractive sewing aprons, not the use-

less little articles that so many wom-

en detest, but the ones of ample pro-

portions, large enough for ordinary

work-a-day use, with good-sized pock-

ets, and withal pretty. A specially at-

tractive one was made of white or-

gandy with the pocket on the front

panel, the lace beading drawn with

pale lavender ribbon, all trimmed with

lace in corresponding design. Among

the novelties were those out all in

one piece——a specially attractive one

being of striped white dimity, trim-

med on the edge with blue embroid-

ery on a white ground. The band is

cut with the body of the apron, all in

one piece. Others from the same de-

sign had lavender, pink or green em-

broidery, while some were lace trim-

med.



The wearers of some of the big sack

aprons would be completely envelop-

ed, so roomy and comfy were they

out. These were built of percale,

heavy cotton or gingham, and are

either self-trimmed or have a neat lit-

tle binding of a contrasting color or

embroidered edge. Some are cut to

be close-fitting; others are made so

that they may be slipped on by milady

when she wishes to hurry up the meal

as she arrives home late from the

city and hasn’t the time to change her

clothing.



Then, there was the clothespin ap-





-clusters of black dots.





ron that is such a help on wash day.

One made of black and white percale

was bound with turkey red. The slits

at either side were bound in this vivid

color and there was ample space for

a large number of Clothespins.



Waitresses’ aprons there were, in

large quantities that appeared so prim

and starchy, and aprons for the nurse

—-big and spacious enough to nearly

cover the whole dress. One practical

style came to the hem of the skirt

and was gored to fit the figure, so

that it looked trim and neat, while

made of percale of white ground and

Many had

straps that cross at the back and but-

ton at the waistline; others simply

had the shoulder straps; some were

rounding at the bottom; others had

scalloped panels that give a trig look

to the garment.



In all, the great variety gave every

visitor on the day of the sale a chance

to choose aprons suited to her needs.





HOME QUERIES.





 





Household Editorz—Can you tell

me a way to serve sweet potatoes

besides baking and boiling?——Nora B.



Candied sweet potatoes are deli-

cious. Cut cold boiled sweet pota-

toes in eighths, arrange in layers in

a baking dish and sprinkle each layer

generously with sugar. Dot with but-





 





-m '





Well Aproned with Aprons of Various Styles and Sizes.





ter, add a dash of salt, pour in one

tablespoonful of water to generate a

bit of steam, and bake in a hot oven

about 20 minutes, or until the sugar

and butter have candied and coated

the potato.



Household Editor:—“Reader” asks

in the issue of May 9 for a molasses

cookie recipe using a teacup of boil-

ing water. Here is one that I use

with satisfaction: Two cups molas-

ses, one cup sugar, one cup shorten-

ing, one cup boiling water, five tea-

spoons soda, two teaspoons ginger,

one teaspoon (small), cinnamon. Stir

as stiff as you can, but do not roll

until cold.~—Mrs. W. E. W.





Household Editor:——VVould you tell

me a pretty way to hang lace window

curtains? Should they hang even

with window sill, or longer? How

would you dispose of extra length at

top? This is for old-fashioned, four-

paned windows, one curtain to each

window.—S. F.



The curtains should hang even with





the sills, and with as little fullness as

possible. If they have been used for

several seasons, I would cut off the

bottoms, leaving only enough for a

two-inch heading above the casing

and double that below, that is, turn

them over eight inches at the top, al-

lowing two inches for a casing for the

rod. If they are new you will simply

have to turn them over at the top un-

til they come just to the Sill.





 





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JUNE 27, 191i





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Address all communications relative

to the organization of new Clubs to

Mrs. C. P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.





THE HOG AS A‘MORTGAGE

‘ LIFTER.





 





Synopsis of paper read by Myron

W. Hedrick at a recent meeting of the

Hamburg and Putnam Farmers' Club,

of Livingston county.



“The hog has always held an 'im-

portant place in the live stock indus-

try of the United States; unlike the

supply of breeds of other kinds of

live stock, the main dependence of

American farmers for hogs been plac-

ed upon the breeds developed in Am-

erica. American farmers may be said

to have done for hogs what English

farmers have done for the breeds of

beef cattle and mutton sheep. The

question of breed is largely a matter

of personal preference, each breed

has its merits and its weak points.

The raising of hogs appeals to the

farmer from a money point of view

for three reasons. No other meat

producing domestic animal besides

poultry is capable of producing so

large a number of young; second,

cheapness of production; third, be-

cause hogs thrive on what would

otherwise be wasted—kitchen slops,

skim-milk, buttermilk, etc. The ques-

tion of pasture is an important one

and does not receive the attention it

should. The hog in its wild state was

a forest dwelling animal, eating all

sorts of grasses, roots and acorns. Be-

cause people have confined hogs in

small muddy yards, allowed them to

sleep in damp quarters, they have be-

come subject to disease and gained a

reputation for filthy habits. Give them





. plenty of clean pasture and the health





of the hog is almost insured. For for-

age crops, clover is first choice. Oats

and rape, or rape alone, are good sub-

stitutes. No doubt alfalfa is the com-

ing crop, for this purpose. Joseph

Wing, in his famous book'on alfalfa,

says that an acre of it will feed from

1200 to 1600 pounds of swine. It is

unwise to feed either corn or alfalfa

alone. One can trust the hog not to

eat too much alfalfa, but not so with

corn. The amount of corn should be

limited, the alfalfa unlimited. Hogs

running in the pasture help to in‘

crease the fertility of the soil each

succeeding year. With hogs quoted

at nine cents per pound live weight,

which is one cent higher than any

other live stock, except calves, and

with the hog making greater gain for

dry matter consumed than any other

animal, it certainly seems to me that

the man‘with a nice bunch of porkers

ready to sell in the next few months,

will cretainly stand a chance of pay-

ing at least a slice off his mortgage,

and if he is a wise man he will try to

have a little larger bunch of better

ones next year.





 





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





New Club Prospers.—Dayton Club,

of Tuscola county, was organized in

March, with 15 families. Our fourth

meeting was held at the pleasant

home of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Janks, on

June 3, with about 40 members and

guests present. Miss Clara Howell,

of Caro, gave several fine selections

on the piano, which were much appre-

ciated. Mrs. S. G. Rose gave a paper

on butter making on the farm and

the profits from dairying. Miss Mary

Daily read a paper on poultry raising.

Miss Florence Hunter gave a recita-

tion which was much enjoyed by all.

Wm. Mudge and wife, of Caro, being

present, he was called on and gave a

nice little talk which was appreciated

by the Club. Mrs. A. L. Adams, being

chef, served a fine supper to which all

did ample justice. The next meeting

will be held at the home of A. L.

Adams, at East Dayton, July 1. Our

meetings are held on the first Wed-

nesday of each month. Several re-

marked that each meeting is etting

better.——'Mrs. G. G. Ross, Cor. cc.





'3 ". . If I? M





7 p ;. .. r 7 < x , .u ' x-v V - ~¢





THE MICHIGAN FAR-M’ER





.1





Fulfill"!lllllllllllIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllflflllllllllfllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllla





Grange. _





Elllllllllllfllfllllllllflllllllllllfllllllllllllllllfllllllllfllllmulllllllflfllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi





STATE LECTURER’S SUGGESTION

FOR FIRST JULY MEETING.





 





lllll Illllllllllllllll





llllllllllllllllllllll





Song by the Grange.



Roll call, responded to by original

patriotic rhymes.



A unique opportunity for the great

farmers’ organizations, a reading, fol-

lowed by discussion. '



Song.



How can children best be taught to

be cheerful when things do not hap-

pen quite as they wish? A paper.



Exercise, “Other Heroes,” by five

little girls.



Recitation, “The Nation’s Emblem,"

by a boy.



Song, .“The Star Spangled Banner.”



Decorations of the national colors,

in charge of veterans.



Refreshments, lemonade and waf‘

ers.





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





 





Charlevoix Pomona Grange No. 40



met with Boyne River Grange at the

town hall in Boyne Falls, and to say

we had a good time would be putting

it mildly. It was said by many that

it was the most enjoyable and in-

structive meeting ever held in this

part of the state. J. C. Ketcham, the

State Master, was with us and gave

two very fine addresses. One was on

purely Grange matters and the other

on “Problems of Rural Life.” The

program in the afternoon consisted

of many musical selections and short

talks by several of the grangers, in‘

cluding Bros. Maxwell, master of Em-

met County Pomona Grange. State

Master Ketcham held a school of in-

struction for the benefit of subordi-

nate Grange masters and others who

were interested in the secret work of

the order. The violin solos given by

Mr. W. A. Dorvol, accompanied by his

wife on the piano, were much enjoy-

ed, as was also the singing of Mrs.

Dr. Conkle and the Misses Hubbard,

Elma Doyle and Barbara Shepard. Six

candidates, E. W. Abott, W. J. Pear-

son, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Perry and

Mr. and Mrs. James McNeal were ob—

ligated and instructed in the fifth de-

gree by Worthy Master Ketcham.

Ironton Grange was declared the ban‘

ner Grange for the quarter ending

March 31, with 110 points, and Bay

Shore Grange second, with 90 points.

The place and time of the next meet-

ing was left in the hands of the ex-

ecutive committee—Leo D. Willson,

Secretary.

. Emmet County Pomona Grange, No.

42, met with Pickerel Lake Grange on

Friday, June , for an all-day session.

Although it was a very busy time

there were about 100 present and all

seemed to enjoy the holiday and to

take a deep interest in Grange af-

fairs. The following program was suc-

cessfully carried out, beginning ‘at

1:30 p. m: Song by local Grange No.

70; roll call, responded to by each

giving a memory of his father or

mother; “Appreciation of mothers in

art, literature and history,” paper by

Mrs. Carrie Carpenter; recitation by

Miss Viola Moyer; reading, Mrs. Ar-

thur Luderow; “Father’s example in

citizenship.” Discussion led by Mr.

Steinmetz; reading, Mrs. Frank Stock;

recitation, “Daddy Knows,” Mrs. Hat-

tie Carpenter; “Fathers With their

children in work and play.” Discus-

sion led by lecturer. Closing song

No. 160, and penny march—J. S.

Earl, Lecturer.



Kent County Pomona met with

Paris Grange at Paris, June 10. State

Grange Master Ketcham Was the prin-

cipal speaker; His subject, or text

as he called it, was “Your task is to

truly demoralize civilization and its

agencies to spread intelligence and

happiness and to give to the average

man those things which in an earlier

age were the privilege of the few.”

The Pomona Grange put itself on rec-

ord as “unalterably opposed to the

proposed amendment to the state con-

stitution providing for placing the

power of levying an unlimited bond

issue for wagon roads in the hands of

the state legislature and calls upon

the subordinate Granges of the coun-

ty to bring the matter to the attention

of all their members to the end that

this dangerous amendment may be de-

cisively defeated at the November

election.” Resolutions were passed

commending J'. C. Ketcham in his ef-

forts to make this the greatest Grange

year in Michigan; recommending that

the Kent county Gran es appoint a

legislative committee 0 assist the

legislative committee of the State

Grange in circulating petitions for the

Torrens system of land transfers, fav-

oring continued agitation along the

line of buying and selling and empha-

sizing the needs of instituting and

governing rural credits from the na-

tional government without the inter-

vening of other banks.





 





 





Ilikegistered Percherons,





BOO MAKES. FILLIES AND YOUNG

STALLIONS at noes thnt will on rise you.

L. C. HUNT & .. Eaton Rapids. lchigan.





 





BRI'II'IIlERS’ MRI'ICTORY.

CATTLE.





Angus Ilaiile For Sale





On account of other business requiring additional

time and capital. we will sell half or entire into

in30 head registered Angus cattle. Bull calves for

three years sold at an average of $174.50. Will sell on

one terms to right party. ome help harvest alfalfa

an will &ay expenses here. and show you on opening

at Will. per year, profits if you buy.





GEO. B. SMITH G CO.

Addison. . Michigan.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS





HERD FOUNDED IN 1900.

Strains re resented consist of Trojan Ericas. Block-

birds and rides, only. Black Quality Ito. a hull of





rare indIViduallty and merit. heads the herd.

00DCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionla. Mich.





 





 





Fun S‘L —2 Re . Guernsey bullsand4 years old

2bul calves best b ing. Pedigree of!



spring show. Berkshire swine either sex.



JOHN EBELS. R. R. 10. Holland Michigan.





HEREFORD BULLS 3353;111:9031:

ALLEN 13305.. Paw Paw. Michigan.

GUERNSEY BULL—193333 0153013131? Soggy





at a bargain. e. A. WIGENT, Wetervliet. Mich. '





 





 





or Sole—72 Guernsey Bulls. 2 and 1 month old. eligible

to re istr . pedigree and price on up Iication.

JOSE}? W A T H. No. 3. Standish, ichlgan.





e have for sale a number of pure Guernsey cows.





heifers and bulls. also Berkshire 0

VILLAGE FARM. Grass Lake.

—Offer ibull calves. choice A.





.Jana fior R. O. breeding, $100 and up.

COLE BROTHERS COMPANY. Ypsilanti. Michigan.





HOLSTEINS & BERKSHIRES’Efi‘éSSagmi





priced reasonable. B. B. REAVEY, Akron. Mich.





Mic 'gnn.





Bu 3 lsr e, nicely marked 9 months register-



75 ed llolstgin Bull. sired by 8300 son of John

Hen rvcld Lad and from A, B. 0. am.



BI ERVIEW FARM. R.No. 8. Vassar. Mich.





TIIE THREE BEST IlilLSTI'IIN CATTLE





Poland Chins Home and S. C. White Leghorns.

FOREST SIDE STOCK FARM

M. II. Chamberlain Jr. Prop.. Romeo.

—-Holstein bull calf. two-thirds





$25 DELIVERE white. Byl') lb butter bull;





out of 14000 milk Cow. Thoroughbred. but not

eligible to registry. Large and handsome.

BOUGEMONT FARMS. Detroit. Michigan.





ROLSTEIN BULLS AT FARMERS PRICES





Sired by one of the best bulls of America.

LONG BEACH FARM. Augusta. Kalamazoo Co..Mich.





Mich.





OLSI‘EIN FRIESIAN CATTLE BREEDERS of

high record cows. Young hulls at farmers prices.

JONES & LUTZ. Oak Grove. Michigan.





H l8l ' ~11 High Grade Holstein heifers from Heavy

o Sm Milken. Also Registered Bull. Price for

the bunch 31W 1". 0. B. J. C. BARNEY, Goldwater. lleII.





ESPANORE FARM,

LANSING, MICH.





Register’d Holsteins





Bull Calves $50 to $200.

An absolute guarantee with each purchase.

CHASE S. OSBOBN 0w ers . . HATCH.

ADAM E. rnneusdn. “ - Supt.





I have on hand 100 high grade

lols‘ein cows Heifers, age 6 me. to 2% yrs., lots

of uallty and in good condition. Also a fine selection





of ull Mutured cows. Arthur Blrkhols, New Bulidmlish.





GRADE HOLSTEIN COW





Seven-elghts blood. 3-yrs.-cld. due to freshen in Sept.

W. B. READER. Howell. Michigan.





 





MLSTEIN BUll‘iit‘fiio‘élg' 93.231” 13.1.3.1} 3'th

Both Sire and Dam have A. R. 0. Daughters, an are





of the DeKol family; for rice photos and particulars

Address. NELSON JOH SON. East. ’l‘awas,Michigan.





BIGELOW’S IIOLSTEIN FARMS





Breedsvllle Michigan.

Breeder of high class





Registered Holsteins.

“Top-Notch” Holstelns.





Choice bull calves from 2 to 8 mo. old. of fashion-

able breeding and from dams thh omclal milk

and butter records for sale at reasonable prices.





MOPHERSON FARMS 00.. Howe“. Michigan.





A. R. 0. RolSTEIN COWS FOR SALE.





6 very fine A. R. 0. cows, bred to Johanna Concordia

Champion. and Duke Ormsby PietertJe DeKoI. Price

$1850. Service bulls and bull calves. Kindly write





' t what ion want

me Jus L. E. CONNELL. Fayette. Ohio.





Mllllllll“ HUME "ll lllAlIlllE SCHOOL

LAPEER. MICHIGAN





Breeder of High Grade Holstein Cattle. Lists and

prices upon application.





 





SIX Choice Holstein Frieeisnbull calves from one

to twelve months old for sale. ICHIGAN

FARM COLONY FOB EPILEPTICS. Oaro.Michigan.





' Purebred Registered





HOLSTEIN CATT L E



The Greatest Dairy Breed

Semi for FREE Illustrated Booklets

Holstein-Friction. Also..Box I64. Brettleboro.Vt.

JERSEY —Bull calves nearl ready for service.

Sired by Jscoba's airy lmsnon 107111.



SMITH & PARKER. Howell. Michigan.





MAPLE Lone Register of Merit Jersey Herd—Tu-

berculin tested by U.8. Government. Bull calves

from cows In R. of M. test. Heifer calves whose dams,

grand-dune. and great grand-dams are in the Register

of Merit. IBVIN FOX. Allegnn. Michigan.





' most] white. bee tlful

2"“r'0“ "dd.“ "Sllor- form :nd color. wasufresh

in Feb. Sill). delivered you'd $s" more at auction.

Write for pedigree. noisier . u. Mason. Mich.





OUR Choice registered Holstein heifer ciallvesl for





Ionianz‘fio 7 month: 81d. Also Eh. bu on you.

v’”





13-645

NIIW IN SEIWCmnmgi’.‘ p‘gfiifih‘lgafigi





GREGORY & BORDEN. Howell. Michigan.





HILL CREST JERSEYS.





I would sell two or three youn cows. Come and

see them. A herd of Z) to choose mm.

8. B. WATTLES. Troy. Michigan.





Foundation Herd!





Pure Bred Holsteins





l heifer, 2 years old: cow. 2 years; cow. 3 years old;

one heifer, 9 months; bull, 5 years old. 30-Ib. dam.

Don’t write, some and see them.





Howard T. Evans, Eau Claire, Mich.





 





Lillie Farmstead Jerse s

(Tuberculin tested. Guaranteed free from uber-

culosls.) Several good bulls and bull calves out of

good dairy cows for sale. No females for sale at

present. Satisfaction guaranteed.



COLON C. LILl'JE. Coonemflle. Inch.





Yearling and two-yenr-old. Eli ible





Jon” 'llllS to re ister. S )lendid breeding. rice

right. Address LE 18 RI EY. Metamorn. Mich-

ioduc.





J E Rs Evs—Bull calves bred for

Brookwster Firm. [3%]..D. $1137. (xvi: filler. egg}:





BUTTER BRED massacre“





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Silver Creek, Allegnn County. Michigan.





Fllll SALE—I4 Pulled Durham d. Shorihorn Bull:





from 4 to 24 months old. C. CABLSON. LeBoy. Mich.





 





 





 





 





shorthorn Bulls For Sale—~0ne roan 3-yr-old weigh-

ing a ton. Price 3250. Also 3 calves 6 mo. old, from

good milking cows. M. A. BRAY. Okemos, Mich.





lllllll llllEll sunmuonus3.:.B:11§i:2%2:3“§ms

all sold. J. B. BUMMEL, Meson, Michigan.

shodhoms $500buye two cows three and four yrs.





one yearling heifer and two calves six

month. A. A. PATTULLO. Deckerville.Michjgnn.





 





Shorthorns—Bulls and females. all ages. Tell just

what you want. Also I’. (5. Hogs. Oxford Sheep,

C. W. (‘rum, See. Cent. Mich. Shonhorn Ass'n.. McBrides. Mich.





SHORTHORN CATTLE





W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.

SHEEP.





ITPAYS TO BUY PURE BRED SHEEP 0F

PARSONS waiter".

{l -\ I sell and 'svhip everywhere and pay express





\ . charges. rite for club offer and rice list.

Oxfords, Shropshires end“ Polled- elnmes.





"r ‘PABSONS.GrandLedge.Mich. RI.





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





 





 





 





H008.

' ' —-—A few extra Se t.Boars d i an .h

Durocsi’sllclonas or an... r... 1:: or Ap.?i‘..’...$..

M. T. STORY. Lowell, Mich.. Citizens Phone 55.





BERKSHIRBS





stock. ELMHURS





 





 





Choice spring boars and giltsfi

need to move quick. Farmer'

STOCK FARM. Almont. Mich.





 





' —Reg. Bred Guts—Orders taken for

ch93lor Wh'l” sprinfipBigs and Collie ups. Holstein

Bulls at Bargains. FA . PARHAM. roneon, Mich.





CHESIE" WHn'Es—The long type, prolific kind.

A nice lot of spring pigs.



MEADOW VIEW STOCK FARM. Holland. Michigan.



9 —Spring pigs. get my price lef e



0, I. C 5 you buy elsewhere. CLOV‘Illxli



LEAF STOCK FARM, R. No. 1. Monroe. Michigan.



' ——Gilts bred for Sept. furrow.



Lalg. Type 0' l- c 8 March and April pigs ready to



ski . Will shipc.o. (1. They are extra good ones.



NlllNMAN'S STOCK FARM, R.No.1,MarIette, Mich.



o I March, April and May pigs; the big,



I I I growthy kind that always makes good.



LEMUEL NICHOLS, ELFJ). No. 2, Lawrence. Mich.





O. I. C’s-—I HAVE A NICE LOT OF





BAN D.

west





 





 





 





 





 





OTTO B. SCHULZE. One-half mile

of Depot. Nashville. Michigan.





0 l c ——Take orders for springgigs. OneSmo. fine

0 0 . type Jersey Bu I. rice reasonable.

N. H. Weber. Oaleew Farm. Royal Oak, Michigan.





 





0 I C Choice pigs, two to four mos, the long

I o - bodied kind. One choice gilt bred for

August. ALVIN V. HATT. Grass Lake, Michigan.





0 I c -Sows bred for June furrow. We are

I I I also taking orders for spring pigs.

JOHN BERNER & SON. Grand Ledge. Mich.





o I c —Bred sows and spring pigs, large and growthy.

- I I Pairs and tries. not akin. Write your wants.

GLENWOOD STOCK FARM. Zeeland. Mich.





0 l c —gilts bred‘ for June and July furrow. Also

0 0 - pring ng' Serviceable boars all sold.

I pay express. . . ANDREWS. Dansville, Mich.

I All sold. “'ould be pleased t b I:



o- 'u c 5 your order for spring igs.o 00

C. J. THOMPSON. Rockford. Michigan.





I —Large boned. shipped on an royal.

0. J¥.W(.:H%V£aim not akin, registere free.





ELL. Elsie. Michigan.

9 —Spring pigs, airs and tri s. t

o. I. C s akin. from State fair “2:111:11,

AVONDALE STOCK FA RM. Wayne. Michigan.

‘ I —Boars six months old, 3 rin i

O. I. C. gilts. Satisfaction agar-signifies:

A. R. GRAHAM. FLINT. MICHIGAN.





-Mathave the le —

O- I- C- SWine ure of receivingpyo‘hfir

order for a pair or trio. not akin. of April

and May farrow. They are bred right. Satisfaction





iiiifilié' ifistiN°fiéoii§





Spring Pigs and Yearllng





From Prize-Winning Stock

Special Prices for 30 Days.

Sale of Bred Sows August 4.

Write. or better still. come.





Breakwater Farm, in Arbor. Mich, II. F. II. 7.





UROC JERSEYS—Fall gilts of th I

ll boned type. bred for Au . and so if 133$. 11%;;

spring plgs. not akin. F. J. Thodt. RE. Monroe. Mich.





—A d

DUROC “Tbrgdmléf’ifitd‘i.m‘m$“£fil

make you mone . Give me your order now for





y

M; chi ment. Also fall boars rend f i .

RCPT] KON FARM, Kinderhook. yMighiglgl: ce





FOR SALE ounoc JERSEYS—College Boy 138557

fmowed Se t. 7. 1911. 8 rl i fte .1

1. 2914. J. n’.’ Bsncnsncl‘). Mia‘mfimgfi?





Breeden' Directory continued on page 647.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





J





LAST FALL GILTS ()N'
I





THE MICHIGAN" FARMER





JUNE 27. 1914.





 





 

 





646—14

gIIIIIIIIlIIII|IIIIIIIIII||||IlllIIII|II|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHI :fl

Markets



' :f"

EllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIll|IIIIIIIIIIIIIl|IllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIII it:





GRAINS AND SEEDS.





June 23, 1914.





Wheat—Despite the bullish news of

a small visible supply, extensive for-

eign demand and a good milling call,

the tendency of the wheat market is

downward. The oneoutstanding bear-

ish feature is the big crop maturing

in this country. Now that threshing

has begun in the southern part of the

winter wheat belt and the yield and

quality of the grain are fulfilling ear-

lier expectations, dealers can see

nothing but lower prices. The short-

age of the Argentine crop last year,





 





the damage to the plant in Bulgaria @





by rust, the ordinary crop of Russia,

and the strong European demand are

factors that the bears seem to ignore.

This is probably done because there

is a belief that the farmers will rush

their surplus wheat to the market re-

gardless of the consequence on prices

which are sure to be brought to a low

basis if growers do not feed the grain

to the buyers gradually. There is a

well-grounded opinion that if growers

would only sell what wheat they

must to meet current financial de-

mands, they would, in the course of

the year, realize more for their crop

and prevent to a considerable degree

the stampeding of the market. A

year ago the price for No. 2 red wheat

was $1.03 per bushel. Quotations for

the week are:





No. 2 No. 1

Red. White. Sept.

Wednesday . . .. . . 91% 91 84%

Thursday . . . .91% 91 84

Friday ..... ..92 91% 84%

Saturday ........ 91% 91 84

Monday ......... 90% 90 83

Tuesday ......... 89% 891/4, 81%

Chicago, (June 23).—-No. 2 red





wheat 87%c; July 79%c; Sept, 79c.

Corn.——The favorable conditions for

the development of the new crop of

corn and the big crop of wheat, work-

ed against values, and quotations are

lower. Reports come from every sec-

tion of an excellent stand of corn and

while planting was a little later than

usual farmers got to their cultivating

in good season and have their work

pretty well up. One year ago the

price for No. 3 corn was 610 per bu.



Quotations for the past week are:

No. 2 No. 2

Mixed. Yellow.





Wednesday 3 74%



Thursday ........... 33% 3:



Friday ..............



Saturday .......... . 3 74%



Monday ............ 72% 74



Tuesday ............ 72% 74

Chicago, (June 23).——No. 3 corn,





July 691/40; Sept, 67%c per bu.

0ats.—VVhile the other major grains

have cheapened, oats are being held

on last week’s level. This is due to

the damage done the crop over a con-

siderable portion of the oat produc-

ing section of the country, by dry

weather. In many places the crop

will not be able to recover under the

most ideal conditions. A year ago

the price of standard oats was 43c per





bushel. Quotations for the weelirargz

0.



Standard. White.



Wednesday . . . . ..... 42% 41%

Thursday ........... 42% 42

Friday . . . . ......... 42% 42

Saturday ........... 42% 42

Monday ............ 42% 42

Tuesday ............ 42% 42



Chicago, (June 23).—July oats,



381,90; Sept, 377/80; Dec., 387/30 per



bushel.

Rye—This cereal is steady. No. 2





is quoted at 660 per bushel.



Beans.——~Deniand is lacking; prices

are 5c lower. Quotations: Immediate

and prompt shipment at $1.90; June

$1.92 per bu. Chicago reports quiet

trade. Pea beans. hand-picked,chofce

are lower at $2.15@2.20; common $1.95

@2; red kidneys, choice $3.20@3.25.



CIoverseed.—Prime spot $8.30; 0c-

tober and December $8.70; prime al-

sike $10.



Alfalfa Seed.~Prime spot $8.35 per

bushel.



Timothy Seed.—-Prime spot $2.60 per

bushel.





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





Flour.—Jobbing lots in one-eighth

paper sacks are selling on the Detroit

market per 196 lbs. as follows. Best

patent $5.30; second $4.90; straight

$4.50; spring patent $5.10; rye flour

$4.40 per bbl.



Feed.—In 100-lb. sacks, jobbing lots

are: Bran $28; standard middlings

$28; fine middlings $32; coarse mid-





dlings $31; cracked corn $32; corn

and oat chop $28.50 per ton.

Hay.—Market is higher; offerings





limited. Carlots on track at Detroit

are: No. 1 timothy $17@17.50; stan-





' $13.50@14





dard $16@16.50; No. 2, $15.50@16‘





light mixed $16@16.50, No. 1 mixe

; No. 1 clover $13@13.50.



New York.——Market easy and lower.

No. 1 timothy $21@21.50; No. 3 to No.

2, $16.50@20.



Chicago—Market is steady. Choice

timothy quoted at $17 @1750 per ton;

No.4 1, $14.50@15.50; No. 2, $12.50





Straw—Steady. Rye $8@8.50; oat

straw $7@7.50; wheat straw $7@7.50

per ton.





DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





 





Butter.—Market is weak but prices

are unchanged. Extra creamery 26%o

per lb; firsts 25%0; dairy 18c; pack-

ing stock 160.



Chicago.—-Market easy, with prices

slightly lower. Extra creamery 26 %c;

extra firsts 25%@260; firsts 22@24c;

segcsmds 20@21%c; packing stock 17%



c





Elgin.——-Market is firm at 27%c per

1b., which is the same as last week.



New York.~—The market is unset-

tled. Prices are slightly lower. Cream-

ery extras 27@27%c; firsts 25@26%c;

seconds 23@24%c; packing stock 17

@17%c. ,



Eggs.—Market is active, with fresh

stock selling at 19140 per dozen.



Chicago—Market is rather dull and

quality generally poor.

changed. Miscellaneous lots, cases

included 16@180 per dozen; ordinary

firsts 17@17%c; firsts 17%@18%c.



New York—Market is easy. Prices

unchanged. Fresh gathered extras 23

@25c; firsts 20@21%c per dozen.



Poultry.—Market is firm and quiet

with moderate receipts and small de-

mand. Live—Broilers 28@30c per lb;

hens 150.



Chicago—Spring chickens show a

decline of 2@3c; other kinds are un-

changed. Trade is only fair; old ducks

and geese are dull and not wanted.

Quotations on live are: .Fowls 14c;

broilers 1%@2 lbs. weight 250; spring

ducks 3@5 lbs., 16@18c.





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





 





Potatoes.—Not enough old potatoes

received to make quotations. At Chi-

cago market is easier and receipts

light. Prices are higher than last

week. New potatoes are attracting

attention from the old. Good Michi-

gan round white quoted at $1@1.10

per bushel.



Strawberries.—Plentiful but prices

remain unchanged. Michigan 16-qt.

cases quoted at $1@1.25. At Chicago

berries are only fair, choice stock is

meeting with good demand. Prices

for Michigan berries range from $1@

2, depending on quality.



Other Fruits.—Chicago.—Michigan

cherries, 16 qts., sour, 900@$1; black





sweet, $1@2; gooseberries, 16 qt.,

Michigan 750@$1.35.

WOOL.





 





No changes have occurred in this

market. The tone of the trading con-

tinues strong with a tendency of

prices upward. Some of the grades

that were on a correspondingly lower

basis than others have advanced,

while all kinds are firm and strong.

In Ohio where sales are more liberal

than in Michigan prices are much

above those of a year ago and con-

tracts and sales are being made at

280 for unwashed delaine. Prices

paid for fleeces by country buyers

range from 22@260. At Boston Mich-

igan unwashed combing is quoted at

26@29c; do. clothing 23@26c. For-

eign markets are strong and going

upward. -





GRAND RAPIDS.





 





Potatoes, both old and new, are firm

this week, the old ones bringing up to

$1, and new ones $2 per bushel. Re-

cent rains will extend the strawberry

season and berry prices the first of

the week were around $2 per crate.

Cherries are abundant this week, and

prices, which started off Monday at

$1 for sours and $2 for sweets Will

probably be much lower before the

week is over. Eggs are worth 18@

181/20: dairy butter 210. The poultry

market is lower with 10@12c offered

for springs and fowls and 20@22c for

broilers, live weight. Wheat is worth

88c; oats 42c; corn 750; rye 55c.





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.‘





Buffalo.

June 22, 1914.

(Special Report of Dunning & Stev-

ens, New York Central Stock

Yards, Buffalo, N. Y.)



Receipts of stock here today as fol-

lows: Cattle 160 cars; hogs 110 d.

d.; sheep and lambs 14 d. d.; calves

1600 head.



With 160 cars of cattle on our mar-

ket here today, and only 12,000 re-

ported in Chicago, all the cattle, both

light and heavy. of good quality, sold

10@15c per cwt. higher than last Mon-

day. The best heavy_dry-fed cattle





 





 





that were here today were not quite

so prime as the best heavy dry-feds

here last Monday. At the Close of the

market about everything was sold

except a few odds and ends of grassy

stuff. The grass cattle sold from 15

@250 per cwt. lower and we would

caution our patrons to be careful





about buying grass cattle unless they.





are strictly fat.



Receipts today were upwards of 100

double decks and with strong demand

from all sources trade opened strong

5c higher on the best grades, while

pigs and lights sold 15@200 higher

than Saturday’s best time. Pigs and

lights sold at $8.50 generally, and all

other best grades at $8.60. Choice

roughs $7@7.25; stags $6.25@6.75;

a few Canadian hogs, best selling at

$8.30@8.40. Everything sold at the

close and late trade Was strong.



The market was active today on

lambs and sheep. Prices steady with

the close of last week. Choice handy

clips selling mostly at $8.50@8.75. We

look for steadyprices the last of the

week, with moderate receipts.



We quote: Spring lambs $9.50@10;

cull to fair $6.50@9.25; yearlings $8@

8.75; bucks $3.50@4; handy ewes $5.25

@550; heavy ewes $4.25@4.35; weth-

ers $6.25@6.75; cull sheep $3@4;

veals, choice to extra $10.50@10.75;

faigoté'zgood $8.50@10.25; heavy calves





Prices are un- $5





 





Chicago.

June 22, 1914.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.





Receipts today..13,000 40,000





Same day 1913...18,959 41,029 8,754

Last week ..... 39,977 44,471 74,573

Same wk 1913...53,056 125,879 96,071





The remarkably small Monday cat-

tle supply made a strong market to-

day, prices ruling largely 10@15c high-

er, with some prime heavy beeves

taken at $9.40. Copious rains nearly

everywhere have made good pastur-

age, and stockmen are holding back

their cattle for finishing. Hogs are

up 50 today, with active early buying

at $8.10@8.50, top being the highest

in a long time. Later buying was

slower at easier values. Hogs receiv-

ed last week averaged 237 lbs.

prime spring lambs sold early in the

day at $9.65, but this was apparently

a rare exception, for such offerings

were few, and packers were bidding

much lower prices for the general run

of lambs and ewes, quality being

lacking.



Cattle prices were on the upgrade

last Week so far as the more desirable

beef steers were concerned, receipts

continuing far less than a year ago,

while there was a. much brisker de-

mand than of late. Fat cows and heif-

ers also advanced a little after early

declineiin the common and medium

kinds, but common steers were too

numerous all the time and slow of

sale at depressed prices. The spread

in prices for steers is widening out,

with too liberal a percentage of

grassy cattle and decreasing offerings

of the best class of beeves. The bulk

of the steers went last week at $8@9,

with the common to fair class of

steers of light weight taken at $7.30

@820, while a medium class of steers

Went at $8.25@8.55, good lots bringing

$8.60@8.95 and prime to extra cattle

$9@9.35. Good to prime little year-

ling steers brought $8.60@9.15, with

sales all the way down to $7.75@7.85

for the cheaper class of yearling

steers and heifers mixed, these mixed

consignments being numerous and g0-

ing as high as $8.90. Fair to prime

butchering cows and heifers had a

good outlet usually at $5@8.85, with

cutters taken at $4.40@4.95, canners

at $3.25@4.35 and bulls at $5.25@7.65.

Although stockers and feeders were

offered at prices far below those pre-

vailing a few weeks ago, when the

best lots brought $8.50@8.85, they

Were in quite limited demand, going

at $6@8.15. The demand was almost

wholly for little stock steers, these

going the highest, with the best feed-

ers taken usually at $7.75@7.85, al-

though 22 select 955-lb. feeders

brought $8. Calves were in good de-

mand on the basis of $5@8 per 100

lbs. for common to prime heavy

Weights, with light vealers bringing

$9@10.35, top at the week’s close be-

ing $10. Milkers and springers of de-

sirable quality were in demand at $60

@95 per head, with only a few mar-

ket toppers. Inferior dairy cows were

sold for beef, and they were bad sell-

ers, buyers fearing condemnation af-

ter postmortem examination.



Hogs cannot be held down for any

great length of time, for stockmen

begin to hold back supplies after

sharp breaks in prices, and rallies fol-

low. There is a known big shortage

in the hog supply of the country in

districts where much feeding is car-

ried on, and packers want every hog

they can get hold of. Eastern shin-

pers have materially decreased their

purchases in the Chicago market of

late, their selections covering the bet-

ter class of hogs. Owners are making

good profits on well finished hogs,

which sell "much higher than in most





Some $





former years, but the increasing per-

centage of grassy swine sell at quite

a discount, making a wider range of

prices. Recent receipts have averag-

ed 233 lbs., while for the third week

of June, 1913, the average was 2.40

.lbs., with the average weight two

years ago 236 lbs. Fresh pork is hav-

ing a good sale for this season of the

year, being cheaper than other meats,

and there is also a good call for cured

hams and bacon, but lard sells slow-

ly, and stocks are accumlating. De-

spite meager purchases by shippers

and much larger receipts than a year

ago, hogs closed the week at $8@8.45,

the highest fi ures of the week, com-

paring with 7.80@8.30 a week ear-

lier. Pigs sold at $7@8 and stags at

$8.60@9. Medium to rather heavy

hogs sold highest, with prime light

lots about five cents below top values.

ggrggvout packing sows brought $7.60





Sheep and lambs with any claim

to being fat and desirable are selling

extremely well most of the time, de-

spite breaks in prices from time to

time, with quick rallies. Recent re-

ceipts have been on a very small

scale, comprising hardly any yearlings

or wethers, with fair offerings of ewes

and moderate. runs of fed lambs.

Spring lambs make up the big end of

the daily receipts, and the Chicago

packers get a liberal portion of these

consigned to them direct by their

buyers stationed in the Louisville

market. Prime wethers sold at the

highest prices of the year, and pur-

chases have been .made in the Chi-

cago market of fat sheep to export to

Canada. Lambs and sheep have sold

much higher than in most former

years, and the short crop of spring

lambs makes a bright promise for the

future. Range flocks are hardly ex-

pected to be marketed before August.

With greatly reduced receipts com-

pared with a year ago, the market

last week closed at high prices, al-

though they were below the best time

of the week. Spring lambs brought

$6.50@9.60 after selling up to $10 in

a few cases. Clipped flocks closed as

follows: Lambs $5@8.50; wethers

$35é54@6.50; ewes $3@5.35; bucks





Horses were offered too freely last

week for the much decreased demand,

and many sales were made at declines

of as much as $10 per head. Sales

were largely under $200, an inferior

class going around $75@100, and few

heavy drafters sold as high as $175@

290. Wagoners and expressers were

salable at $185@205 mainly, top being

$225. Good chunks weighing around

1400 lbs. went at $215@220.





 





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





 





(Continued from page 648).

been selling their wool at 25c; pota-

toes 75c butter 240; eggs 180.



Holmes Co., June 11.—-The weather

is warm and dry. A large acreage of

corn and oats was put in, and all

looks fine at present. Wheat is look-

ing well, meadows need rain, and pas.

tures are fair. A large acreage of

potatoes were planted and are looking

well. The apple crop and also the

peach crop will be light, but there are

plenty of cherries. Very little spray-

ing is done. Strawberries are a good





crop and bring 100 per quart. Wheat

920; corn 750; oats 400; hay $12;

cream 26%0; eggs 18c. -



Indiana.





Allen Co., June 10.——The wheat out-

look is the best for several seasons,

and the hay crop is unusually good.

Eggs 20c; creamery butter 300; chick-

ens 160; potatoes $1 in car lots.



Jay 00., June 10.——The amount of

corn planted exceeds that of any pre-

vious year. Potatoes are nearly all

planted and the early ones are in

blossom. All crops are looking fine

except some meadows. Successful

fruit growers are all spraying, and

the otulook is good. Wheat and rye

are fair. Repairs are being made on

many roads which are in bad shape,

and some new roads are under con-





tract. Wool is selling for 240; eggs

18c; butter 200; hay $14@18; oats

38c; wheat 94c.





Laporte Co., June 10.~We are hav-

ing fine warm growing weather. The

corn stand is the best in years, and

farmers are busy cultivating. Pros-

pects for wheat and oats are about the

average. Grass is good; alfalfa is

fair, and the first crop will soon be

cut. Late potatoes are being planted.

There is some blight on pear trees;

cherries are fair; peaches poor. But-

ter brings 30@35c; butter-fat 270.



Illinois.



Marion Co., June 15.——This county

has had a very serious drouth, though

somewhat relieved by thunderstorms

last week. The oat crop is a complete

failure, and pastures and meadows are

in poor condition. With dry-farming

methods, corn and potatoes look well.

Farmers were unable to break their

ground for millet and other late crops.

Little spraying is being done, as there

is poor prospect of an apple crop.



(Continued on next page).





 





 





;

i

“T”.

i





l

I,

l

l

2‘





i

l





l
JUNE 27. 1914.





THIS IS THE LAST EDITION.

The first-edition is sent to those who

have not ex ressed a desire for the

latest marke s. The late market edi-

lion will be sent on request at any

m9: -





parson- LIVE-STOCK MARKETS.





_Thursday’e Market.

June 25, 1914.

Cattle. -

Receipts 912. Market steady; milch

cows $5 per head lower.

We note: Best heavy steers $8@





8.50; at handy weight butcher

steers 7.50@8; mixed steers andheiiL @5;

ers $7 butchers bulls





7 .50; handy light

$6.50@7.25' light utchers $6@6.75;

best cows imam; butcher cows $5.25





@550; common cows $4.25@5; can-

ners $3 4.25; best heavy bulls $6.25

@675; olog-na bulls $6@6.25; stock





bulls $5.50@6.25; feeders $7@7.75;

stfickers $6@7; milkers and springers



Roe Com. Co. sold Breitenbeck 3

cows av 1020 at $5.60; to Athelby 1

do wgh 790 at $4.50; to Sullivan P.

Co. 1 bull wgh 560 at $5.25; to Ham-

mond, S. 8,: Co. 1 cow wgh ,820 at

$4.25; to Kamman B. Co. 10 butchers

av 753 at $7.10; to Grant 3 do av 533

at $5.35; to Hammond, S. & Co. 1

cow wgh 900 at $6; to Bresnahan 9

steers av 611 at $6.50; to Newton B.

Co. 1 bull wgh 1320 at $6.75; to Hang-

mond, S. & Co. 4 cows av 912 at $4.7 ,

3 bulls av 963 at $6, 1 do wgh 1000 at





$6.25, 2 do av 1500 at $6.65; to Dennis 10





3 cows av 903 at $5.35; to Rattkowsky

11 steers av 990 at $6; to Breitenbeck

7 do av 921 at $7.50, 1 heifer wgh 760

at $6.50; to Thompson Bros. 6 steers

$175860 at $7.25, 1 cow wgh 790 at





Spicer & R. sold Sullivan P. Co. 2

bulls av 1095 at $6, 1 do wgh 730 at

$6.50, 6 cows av 975 at $5.75, 1 steer

Wgh 1030 at $7.25, 13 do av 860 at

$7.55, 2 heifers av 750 at $5.75; to

Mich. B. 00. 2 cows av 920 at $5.50;

to Rattkowsky 1 bull wgh 800 at $6.50,

3 heifers av 450 at $6; to Rich 5

stockers av 582 at $6.75, 1 do wgh 650

at $6.75, 4 do av 675 at $6.75, 2 do av

635 at $6.75, 8 do av 662 at $6.60, 3 do

av 900 at $6.75; to Sullivan P. Co. 6

steers av 863 at $7.35; to Mich. B.

Co. 30 butchers av 833 at $6.65.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P.

Go. 1 bull wgh 1600 at $6.75, 1 do Wgh

900 at $6.25, 1 cow wgh 820 at $6, 7

do av 971 at $5.75, 6 steers av 1050

at $8; to Hammond S. & Co. 14 do

av 980 at $8.10; to Thompson Bros. 3

cows av 950 at $4.75, 7 butchers av

710 at $7.25; to Sullivan P. Co. 1 cow

wgh 90 at $6, 2 do av 1020 at $6, 2

bulls av 1300 at $6.50; to Mason B.

Co. 2 cows av 955 at $5.75, 3 heifers

av 753 at $7, 2 bulls av 865 at $6.25,

1 cow wgh 1100 at $6, 2 bulls av 1200

at $5.50; to Hammond, S. & Co. 1 cow

wgh 1010 at $4.75, 1 do wgh 90 at $5:

to Parker, W. & Co. 20 steers av 1003

at $8.25, 1 do wgh 1000 at $6.75: to

Thompson Bros. 4 butchers av 950 at

$6.10, 9 do av 766 at $6.75, 2 cows av

955 at $4.75, 18 steers av 901 at $7.60,

6 cows av 1130 at $5.75, 1 heifer wgh

740 at $6.50;; to Mich. B. Co. 14 steers

av 807 at $6.25; to Rattkowsky 3

cows av 833 at $6, 4 do av 1020 at

$5.75, 8 do av 987 at $5.60; to Mason

B. Co. 6 steers av 925 at $7.70; to

Sullivan P. Co. 4 do av 835 at $7.10, 5

do av 934 at $7.25, 4 do av 747 at

fig? to Grant 6 butchers av 570 at





Veal Gales.



Receipts 971. Market steady. Best

$10@10.50; others $8@9.50.



Haley & M. sold Newton B. Co. 4

av 150 at $10.50, 4 av 155 at $10.50, 22

av 170 at $10.50, 4 aV'145 at $10.50;

to Thompson Bros. 9 av 140 at $8.50,

15 av 150 at $10; to Shapara 2 av 125

at $10; to Ratner 7 av 185 at $10; to

Thompson Bros. 15 av 150 at $10.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts 1699. Lambs steady; heavy

sheep very dull. Best lambs $9@9.50;

fair lambs $8.50; light to common do

$6@8; yearlings $8; fair to good

she?) $4; culls and common $2.50



0





3. .



Haley & M. sold Newton B. Co. 8

lambs av 65 at $9; to Sullivan P. Co.

5 sheep av 100 at $5, 8 lambs av 85 at

$9.75, 7 sheep av 105 at $3.50; to

Newton B. Co. 24 do av 90 at $5; to

Thompson Bros. 16 lambs av 65 at

$9.25, 4 do av 60 at $9.25, 20 sheep

av 95 at $5. 9 do av 100 at $5, 43

lambs av 70 at $9.50. '



Spicer & R. sold Mich. B. Co. 8

sheep av 105 at $5, 2 do av 105 at $4.



Roe Com. Co. sold Mich. B. Co.

75 sheep av 80 at $4.25, 3 lambs av

70 at $9; to Rattkowsky 6 sheep av

140 at $4. .

4Iggwis sold same 23 do av 125 at





Ho .

Receipts 6258. glans sold up to

£333; prospects steady; all grades





Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. &

Co. 3500 av 180 at $8.35, 300 av 160

at $8.30. ‘



,Roe Com. Co. sold 8 llivan Packin

63.332350 av 190 at 38:55, 215 av 16

a . . ' *





 





THEMICHI'





,Haley l; M. sold Hammond, S. &'

Co. 315 av 190 at $8.35. ,



icer & R. soldsame 250 av 190

at 8.35.





Frlday'e Market.

I June 19,1914.





Catt e.



Receipts this week 1426; last week



77; market steady. Best heavy

steers $8@8.50; best handy weight

butcher steers $7.50@8; mixed steers

and heifers $7@7.50; handy light

butchers $6.50@7.25; light butchers $6

@675; best cows $6@6.40; butcher

cows $5.25@5.50; common cows $4.25

canners $3@4.25; best heavy

$6.25@6.75; bologna bulls $6@

6.25; stock bulls $5.50@6.25; feeders

$7@7.75; stockers $6@7; milkers and

springers $356270.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this week 1040; last week

1383; , market steady. Best , lambs

$9.50; fair lambs $8@9; light to com-

mon lambs $6@8; yearlings $8; fair

to good sheep $4.50@5; culls and

(54112151011 $2.50@3.50; heavy sheep $4





Hogs.

Receipts this week 7686; last week

8434; market 50 higher; pigs $8.20@

8.25; others $8.35.





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





(Continued from! page 646).

Eggsib16c; butter 18c; young geese

c .





 





Perry (20., June 11.-——We have not

had a good rain for two months. The

usual amount of corn was planted,

but it has been so dry that the seed

in some cases'has not sprouted. Oats

are a failure. Hay will be only half

a crop. Wheat is good and is being

harvested now. The outlook for po-

tatoes is the poorest in years. There





is a good peach crop in sight. Wool

18c; eggs 16c; butter 20c; old pota-

toes, northern $1.30 per bu; stock

peas $2.50; wheat $1 per bu; hens





120; spring chickens 180.

Missouri.



St. Louis 00., June 13.—Cisterns

are drying up, and all vegetation is

showing the effects of drouth. Lots

of cattle are being shipped to the

yards. All farmers are complaining

of the heat and drouth, as we had

only two showers during May. More

corn was planted than last year, and

about the usual acreage of potatoes.

The fruit crop will be a little below

the average. Wheat will be about 60

per cent of a nermal crop. Eggs 26c;

butter from farmers 380. '



Warren 60., June 15.—Corn is

cheap. Early planted potatoes are

fair, but late potatoes are a failure.

Spring grains and meadows are short,

but wheat is a bumper crop. On the

Missouri bottoms the Hessian fly and

army worms have did considerable

damage. Apples and peaches are a

fair crop, and berries are an abundant

crop if rains come more frequently.

W001 200; eggs 16c: butter 200;

spring chickens 300; veals 8%c. Pas«

tures are short.



Nodaway 00., June 15.—-The drouth

has been broken, and corn and pota-

toes _are doing fine, but the hay and

cat crop will be short. There will be

the best wheat crop known here, al-

though the Hessian fly did much dam-

age. Pastures are short. All live

stock is doing fine, with many pigs.

calves and lambs on hand. There will

be a fair fruit crop. Harvest has be-

gun, and within a week will be in full

blast.



Vernon 60., June 15.—The weather

is very warm, with thunder showers,

and corn is growing very fast. The

wheat harvest is in full blast, and the

yield will be good. Oats are not so

good. Army worms have done‘con-

siderable damage to pastures and

meadows, but are mostly all gone now.

Harvesting and threshing machinery

has been shipped into this country by

the train load.



Kansas.



Trego 00., June 18.—Harvest will

soon be on. Prospects are good for

an excellent Wheat crop. The first

crop of alfalfa has been cut, and the

second crop is starting nicely. The

usual acreage of potatoes was planted

and will soon be ready for use. Eggs

15c; butter 20c; butter-fat 23c; corn

80c per bushel.



Cowley 00., June 14.——Weather con‘

ditions continue favorable. Corn and

kaffr are doing well, with the usual

acreage. Pastures and meadows are

doing well. Harvest is well under

way, and wheat, oats and rye promise

an excellent yield. Fruit will be plen-

tiful; there is not much spraying done

except in commercial orchards. But-

ter 250; eggs 14c; milk $1.25 per cwt.



Marion 60., June 10.—Rye and

wheat will soon be harvested. Corn

is doing weL; potatoes are a poor

crop; alfalfa was somewhat damaged

by rains. Pastures are good, and cat-

tle are growing fast. Late sowed al-

falfa is perfect, and the early alfalfa

was resowed. Corn 82c; oats 48c;

dairy butter 18c: creamery 250; eggs

14c; hens 110; springs 20c.~'~





GAN FARMIER





llllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





g Veterinary.





filllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llIllIIllllllllllllllllllllllllfi

CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.





E





 





N. J. K., Caro, Mich—See treat-

ment for horse that pants, in this

column.



Horse Pants—I have a 12-year-old

horse that is apparently in good





health, that pants when doing mod-





erate work. F. L. D., DeWitt, Mich.—

He should be fed less bulky food.

Give him a dessertsponful of tincture

arnica and a teaspoonful fluid ex-

tract nux vomica at a dose in feed

three times a day. Wash him with

warm water twice a day and keep his

bowels moderately open. ,



Rheumatism.—My ten-year-old driv-

ing horse showed lameness in shoul-

der last summer; never seemed to

fully recover; now horse is lame in

one lilnd leg and I would like to know

what can be done for him. This horse





is not sick and is in good health so‘





far as 1 can tell. M. P. T., School-

craft, Mich—Give him 2 drs. sodium

salicvlate and 1 dr. powdered colchi-

cum at a dose in feed three times a

day. Apply equal parts turpentine,

aqua ammonia and olive oil to parts

affected every day or two.



Malignant Tumor.—-I have a. Hol-

stein cow four years old that had a

swelling appear on left side of jaw

opposite third 'molar which softened

and opened. A sort: of growth grew

in wound and proud flesh has contin-

ued to fill core ever since. A. U.,

Bangor, Mich—Apply powdered sul-

phate copper once a day for a few

days, then not quite so often, and

later apply equal parts of powdered

alum, oxide of zinc and boracic acid

to sore twice a day. Give 2 drs. of

potassium iodide at a dose three

times a day.



Stifle Cap Slips Out of Place—I

would like you to give me a cure for

my colt; his stifle seems to slip out

when in stable and when obliged to

move over in stable, he appears as if

his foot was fastened to floor and af-

ter moving about a few seconds the

cap slips into place with a sort of

jerk, then he moves all right. J. G.,

Gratiot Co., Mich—Cliphair off stifle

and apply one part powdered canthar-

ides and six parts fresh lard every 10

days and he will get all right.





Weakness—My five-year-old mare

lost her colt in March; since then

she appears to be healthy, but when

driven on a trot, urine drips from her.

F. E. W., Penn, Mich—It is possible

that the sphincter muscle at neck of

bladder was injured at foaling time,

and if so a surgical operation will be

required. Give her 1 dr. ground nux

vomica at a dose in feed three times

a day.



Hogs Have Chicken Lice—My hogs

are troubled with chicken lice and I

would like to know what to apply. I

Would also like to know of a remedy

to keep files off horses and other live

stock. W. J D., Elm Hall, Mich.—

.Drop 5 ozs. of crushed stavesacre

seed in a gallon of boiling water, let

it simmer for a few hours, strain and

fill with water to original gallon, then

apply to hogs twice a week. If your

chickens are lousy, apply any one of

the lice killers that are regularly adv

vertised in this paper. By mixing

one-half pint of kerosene in a pound

of rancid lard and applying it to cat-

tle it will keep flies off for a day or

two, and perhaps longer. Or apply

one part kerosene and three parts

fish oil with a spray pump. Another

very good application is one part of

crude carbolic acid in nine or ten

parts of fish oil, but it should not be

applied too heavily. Dip a cloth in

this mixture, squeeze most of the acid

and oil out of it, then wipe the body

lightly.



Congested Udder.——On March 26 my

four-year-old cow came fresh; the

right half of bag was then somewhat

caked with lumps in teats. I applied

iodine and lard and other commer-

cial remedies, but I find it trouble-

some to draw milk from either of the

two blocked quarters. F. R., Burt,

Mich—You should use milking tubes

and hand-rub udder three times a

day, using a very small quantity of

iodine ointment or glycerine: also

give'her 2 drs. of potassium iodide at

a dose in feed or water twice a day.



Splint Lameness.—I have a 12-year'

old horse that has a splint on left

fore leg and when he is trotted he

shows considerable lameness. O. R.

V.. Quincy, Mich.——Give him rest and

apply one part iodine and nine parts

fresh lard to bunch every day or two.

If you work him he should not be

driven faster than a walk, and be

sure that he does not strike shin with

opposite foot.



J. E, Lake City, Mich—Your horse

died as the result of chronic liver

disease and could not have been'

saved.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





. c

9’



“ Best by Every Test

The “KALAMAZOO” is the silo for you! it answers

. every question—meets every demand that can be made

in use. Your choice of Tile Block or seven kinds of

wood. Thousands ol satisfied users praise its perfect

construction. Special improvements. found in no other

silo, make the ”KALAMAZOO” the one you need.





investigate nowl Write for Catalog

Send for Free Catalog and Special OI-

ier today.



KALAIIAZOO TANK & 31w C0.

MP Silo Kaila-mo, Michigan





Branches: -- Minneapolis. Minnesota

Kansas City, Men—No. FLWonhfi‘exas





 





 





 





[WE Let Us handle your

POULTRY, poultry, fruits, farm pro-

RICHIE“, ducts. Our 25 years in

FRUITS, the same store assures

P0111103, your satisfactoryresults.

0"”ng cllAs. W. IUD” S 30".

ETC. Detroit, Mlclllgan.





 





Ship your Hay in Pittsburgh lulu





Daniel Mchllny 8m Company

Plttsburnh. Pa.

Rot—any bank or Mercantile Agency.





WI: 1 1 c l l H .

liriggs, Fuller &. 60., no.3»??? ° will? $3.?“ .5313"...





potatoes. poultry and rabbits. Quick returns.





FARMERS—We are paying good premium above

the Oasis Detroit. Market for new-

lald as shipped direct us by express. rite us

for in ormatlon. It will pay you. American Butter

& Cheese Co. 31-33 Griswold St.. Detroit. Mich.





Wlll'l'll CEDAR FENCE POSTS”l”v‘l.hl“?2





Cedar Fence Posts. 7 it. 8 ft. and 10 ft. len hs.

Special attention given to farmer club orders. rite

for prices and terms. F. G. COWLEY. Oscoda, Mich.





 





 





Breeders’ Directory—Continued from page 645

Du Roc PIG --10 weeks old. Large.





growthy, and from big

litters. $10 to $15 each. registered in purchaser's name.

We guarantee satisfaction. Kenwnhl Fern. Sunny-fink.





 





 





Fancy bred Dnroo Jerseys—Roars a Gilts of spring &

summer fan-ow. (lord individuals at reasonable

prices. John MoNicoll. Station A. 114. Bay City. Mich.





K0llll-EI. SIOBK FIRM 235.5832: it??? ”12.52335; .





prices. E. R. CORNELL, Howell. Michigan.





DUROC J ERSEYSTgfdedx‘Lflopifiil‘éf





CAREY U. EDMONDS, Hastings, Michigan.





~8pring boars from prize-win-

Duffie-Jerseys ning strains. Bows all ages

Brookwater Farm. R. F. I). No. 7. Ann Arbor.Mich.





l‘naE IYPE P c —Largost in Mich. Fall pigs all



- I sold. order a spring I sired

by the largest boar in the U. 8.. weight 9f be., 24

months old. me and see. Plxlpenscis paid if not as

represented. W. E. LIVINGS 0N. Perms, Mich.





POLAND CHINAS—SPSE Stit‘imwin‘iumm"





a .

Prices right. W. J. HAGELSHAW, Augusta, 151590;.





Poland China Boar; Sow: Bred, All Olllll Big Type.





A. A. WOOD & SON. Saline. Michigan.





MY OH MY!

What an Opportunity.





Starting May Ist. we are going to give to the farm.

ers and breeders an opportunity to get started right

in the breeding industry. We are going to give you

nchance to get hold of foundation stock that will

give you a nucleus for one of the finest and best.

herds in your community. We are going to show you

as we have others, that you will have greater

success with our big type





POLAND CHINAS





than with any other breed. We want. to place at

least one pig. ora pair in every community. to adver-

tise our herd. We will give agency, if not already

taken. If interested. write for our plan and prices.



IIILLCREST FARM. KALAMAZOO. MICK.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





OLAND CHINA PIGS—From large Prolific stock.

Shorthorn Bull Calves. F ms 81 per 15 from choice

Barred Rocks. ROBERT NE E. Pierson. Michigan.





 





F0" S‘LE—A choice bunch of March and April boar

pigs. a few herd headers. Prices reasonable.





Satisfaction guaranteed. R. W. Mills, Saline. Mich.





 





BUTLER'S Big Boned Prolific Poland Chinns. Grow



big. keeweasy, mature early. ready for market at

6 months. hy? Because we've bred them that way

for more than 20 yrars. We have 25 big boned sows

for fall furrow. Buy one and make more money on

your hogs. You can't get. any better at any rice.

RC. History Free. J. C. BUTLER. Portland. ich.





 





30 Poland China Fall Pigs-Good ones from immune

sows $10 and $15 each. while they last. Bred sow

sale Feb. 27th,send your name for catalog if you want to

buy Big Types with Quality. Wm. Waffle, Goldwater. Mich.





Bred sows. bred gilts and boar

"“59 Foot pips. not related. for sale. Satis

faction guaranteed. G. (‘. KHEGLOW'. Ada. Ohio





 





YORKSHIRE Sw.‘ ne—March & Apr. pigs ready toship.

Pairs not akin. College Princess and oks Bacon

foundation stock. Geo. S, McMullen.Grand Ledge.Mich,





 





' Guaranteed to not die of Cholera. Prolifl ,

YorksbIrSS long deep and well fleshed. Pigs ready ft?!-

delivery. Not akin. Cribbe Bros.. Watervliet. Mich.



Choice boars, gilts and





YORKSHIRES weanlings. nightly





priced. GUY J. DOTY. R. 2. Monroe. Michigan.





YORKSHIRES





The large, long-bodied, prolific kind. Gilts bred for



July. August and September farrow. A choice lot of



spring pigs. pairs and trioe,not akin. Prices reasonable

W. C. . COOK. R. 42. Adl, Mlchizln.





Lillie Farmstead Yorkshires





Open elite and gilts bred for September far-row.

Bprn pigs either sex. pairs and trioe not akin.

Satl action guaranteed.





COLON C. LILLIB. Coopersvllle. Michigan.





 





 





 





When writing to advertisers please

I mention The M lchigan Farmer.
THE MICHIGAN' FAR'MER





 





648—-16

Elll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllll|lllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllfl

gFarm Commerceg

Elllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllll|IllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllll||lllllllllll|lll|||llll|llll|ll|lllllllllllllllll||l|l|l|llllllll||llll§



Officials Market Eggs by Parcel Post.



HE way the direct selling idea producer can arrange to make, the





has taken hold of the people of



this country is remarkable in-

deed. A few years ago when the

writer became-interested in the sys-

tem he went about to find what had

been written upon the subject and

after searching through private and

public libraries he was able to show

practically no information outside of

a few scattering paragraphs, for his

pains. Today not only is every cur-

rent publication featuring matter hear—

ing upon the subject, but the great

government of the United States is

doing extensive experimentation and

investigation to prove the utility. of

parcel post in carrying on direct tran’

sactions. A bulletin has just been is-

sued wherein is set forth the propo-

sition that this system can be suc—

cessfully used in the distribution of

eggs, a commodity that gives more

trouble in its marketing than any

other in the list of farm products. We

desire to give the readers of this jour-

nal the results of the findings of the

government.



The Percentage of Breakage.



In the course of the experiments

the government shipped 9,131 eggs in

466 lots. Of these 327, or slightly less

than 3.6 per cent, were broken, but

only 209, or slightly less than 2.3 per

cent were absolutely wasted. The

others, though broken, could still be

used. The percentage of breakage,

moreover, will be greatly reduced, it

is said, when the employee of the

post office become more accustomed

to handling such fragile matter, and

when the shippers are more experi-

enced in packing the eggs.



That the eggs should be properly

packed is, of course, essential. This

implies time, care and some expense

and is one reason why no attempt

should be made to market by parcel

post any but the finest quality of

eggs, for they alone will bring re-

munerative prices. Moreover, if the

customer who buys in small lots finds

that any considerable proportion of

his purchase is undesirable or even

unattractive in appearance, he will

not trouble to ask for deductions on

that account; he will simply discon-

tinue his orders. The producer, there-

fore, must see to it that all the eggs

the post-man delivers are what he

represents them to be.





Care in Packing.



After eliminating the unfit eggs,

those that remain should be carefully

packed in a container of corrugated

pasteboard, metal, wood or other suit-

able material. The post office regula-

tions require this container to be so

wrapped that nothing can escape

from the package, and each egg in

addition to be wrapped separately in

excelsior, cotton, or some such mate-

rial. Any soft paper serves the pur-

pose quite well. As for the container

itself, there are many kinds on the

market and the Department of Agri-

culture investigators have not at-

tempted to decide which is the best.



In packing eggs it is well to sort

them as far as is practical, according

to size and color, and to keep for

home use those which are irregular

in shape, unusually long or thin-shell-

ed. Containers that have been badly

stained by broken eggs should be re-

placed by new ones and the package

wrapped as neatly as possible. In

short, every effort should be made to

deliver as attractive a package as pos-

sible into the hands of the custom-





ers. The extra expense will be little

and the returns in increased trade

great. ~





The larger the shipments that the





cheaper can he afford to sell his eggs.

Within the first and second zones of

the parcel post service, a package

costs five cents for the first pound

and only one cent for each additional

pound. Ordinarily eggs which weigh

about one and a half pounds a dozen,

which, with the additional weight of

the wrapping and container, would

make a package of a dozen eggs weigh

between two and three pounds. The

postage on this would be seven cents:

If another dozen eggs were included

in the package the postage would not

be more than nine cents, or four and

a half instead of seven cents a dozen

eggs.



To the value of the eggs and the

cost of postage must be added the

cost of the container and the wrap-

ping. For two dozen eggs this may

be estimated at eight cents. With

postage at nine cents, it would, there-

fore, cost 17 cents to market two doz-

en eggs, or eight and a half cents a.

dozen. By shipping in 10—dozen lots,

it is estimated that the marketing

cost can be reduced to 4.7 cents a

dozen.

Economical to Use Returnable Con-



tainers.



Where the container can be used

more than once, this cost can, of

course, be somewhat reduced. Large

sized containers will stand from two

to four trips, smaller ones three to

five, so that it will pay the producer

to induce his customer to return the

containers periodically. The postage

required for this is, of course, deduct-

ed from the bill for the next ship-

ment.



Although it is obviously advantage-

ous both to the producer and consum-

er that the eggs be shipped in large

quantities and consequently econom-

ically, it must be remembered in tak-

ing orders that the supply of eggs un-

dergoes the greatest fluctuations. In

times of scarcity it is not good policy

for the producer to send all his output

to one customer, neglecting his other

friends, nor in times of plenty can he

expect to dispose of his entire stock

to his regular customers. These points

must be given due consideration and

the quantities that are to be supplied

at each season of the year carefully

stated in the contract. The price,

too, varies with the supply. One good

method of determining this is to take

as a basis the wholesale price of eggs

on the open market and add to this a

certain number of cents a dozen for

the new-laid parcel post eggs. Care

should be taken, however, to see that

there is no possibility of any misun-

derstanding arising in regard to the

basic price. To obviate this, the quo-

tations published in a given newspa-

per or some other similar authority

may be accepted.



May Need to Change Production



Methods.



Eggs are scarcest and highest in

the fall. Chickens should, therefOre,

be hatched early enough to begin lay-

ing at this season. Moreover, little

difficulty will be experienced then in

disposing of the entire output and it

will in consequence be unprofitable to

divert any of the supply to home pur-

poses. This difficulty can be over-

come by preserving eggs in the spring,

when they are plentiful and cheap. A

solution of water glass, which can be

obtained at drug stores for 75 cents a

gallon, should be used for this pur-

pose, each quart being diluted with

ten quarts of water which has been

boiled and cooled. The eggs should

be packed in stone jars or cracks and

the solution poured over them, or





 





they may be carefully placed- in the _

5 solution each day. Eggs kept in this '





way are perfectly good, but naturally

they do not command the prices of

those newly-laid. The shells some-

times break in boiling, but this may

be avoided by puncturing the end

with a pin just before they are drop-

ped into the water.



The only drawback to marketing

eggs by parcel post appears to be the

time and .trouble involved in packing

them. This is compensated for by the

extra price that can always be obtain-

ed for products that are absolutely

reliable. At bottom, therefore, the

shipper’s success depends upon the

care with which he safeguards the

reputation of his products. Satisfied

customers will soon build up his bus-

iness for him. Any post office will

furnish complete information in re-

gard to regulations and rates.





lllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





Crop and Market Notes.





Michigan.



Shiawassee 00., June 15.—Corn is

about planted and an average acreage

was put in. Potato planting is under

way and the usual acreage. Wheat is

heading splendidly. Rye a good crop;

oats looking well and barley coming

on in good condition. A large num-

ber of farmers sprayed their orchards

after blossoming. Pastures in excel-

lent condition. The hay crop will be

the banner crop of the season. A

good strawberry crop. Sugar beets

are doing well. Bean planting well

along. Wheat 87c; oats 38c; rye 60c;

barley $1 per cwt; eggs 18c; butter

16c; hay $12@14.



Emmet 00., June 11.—-The weather

is too dry for the best growth of

crops, which were late in getting in.

Apples set full. The hay crop will





probably be short. Eggs 18c; butter

25c per pound.

. New York.





Orleans and Niagara Co.’s, June 12.

——Crop conditions are generally fav-





orable. Wheat, hay and fruit, with

the exception of peaches, are fine.

Oats and barley are late. Corn and





potatoes are now being planted. Dairy

butter 20c; eggs 18c; veal calves, live

9c; dressed 150; beef,” dressed 10@

13c; sheep 10c; pork 10@120; spring

lambs $4.50@5.



New Jersey.



Monmouth 00., June 10.——W'e are

having cool, dry weather. Grain is

looking well, but grass is short on ac-

count of dry weather. There was

about the usual acreage of corn and

potatoes planted, and they are looking

fine. Fruit prospects are very good,

and spraying is about all done. Eggs

20@24c; butter 25@35c; potatoes $1;

corn 75c; wheat $1.



Pennsylvania.



Erie 00., June 14.——A11 crops are

late in this section. The spring grains

and meadows are looking fine. There

will be a good crop of all kinds of

fruit and berries excepting peaches,

which were all killed in the winter.

There is not much spraying done here.

Eggs 200; butter 250; cheese 13c;

potatoes $1.



Crawford 00., June 11.—Rain is

very much needed at present. The

meadows are not as good as expected.

Wheat and oats are looking fine, and

corn is almost ready to cultivate.

Some farmers are still planting pota-

toes. Eggs 18c; butter 15c; chickens

10c; old potatoes080c per bushel.





hlo.



Fairfield 00., June 10.—Rain is bad-

ly needed. Wheat generally is very

good, though. some fields will make a

very light yield. Corn is doing well,

though somewhat late. Meadows will

be light, and there is not much clover

to cut. Rye is good, oats are light.

The cherry crop will be good; straw-

berries fairly good; pears light; ap-

ples fair; peaches light crop. Old po-

tatoes 90c; butter 250; eggs 20c;

wheat 900; corn 800; oats 450; hens

13c; spring chickens 18c.



Highland 00., June 13,—I-Iad a Six

weeks’ drouth. Corn is all planted

and is doing well. Meadows are very

short. Wheat is considerably dam-

aged by the Hessian fly and joint-

worm. Rye looks good; oats are a

failure. Potatoes are all planted and

coming on nicely. Fruit was damaged

by the cold weather and by blight, ex-

cepting cherries, which will be a fair

crop. No spraying is done. Eggs 17c;

butter 20@250; hogs $7.50; fat cattle





$7@8; sheep and lambs in good de-

mand at $5@7; chickens 14c; tur-

keys 17c.



Columbiana 00., June 13.—The





weather has been dry, and,oats are in

need of rain. Corn is not very big,

but is doing well. A good many late

potatoes have been planted the past

week. Wheat is looking good. The

hay crop will be fair. Farmers have



(Continued on page 646).





 





   





 





Gives reliable information on

the value of silage as a feed, what to

give for silage. what size silo. filling

the silo. feeding silage. We‘ll also

send catalog telling all about the





Blizzard .

Ensilage Cutter





Cutter and blower in one. Substan-

tially built. Easily fllls highest silos,

nsi * regular fault enfl£?.htE;lorfl;ggfl



BC . “DH 9

“Elm! for all the facts.





   

   

   

 





 

   





   





 

 

 





 





 





‘l'Hl J08.

DIOK MFG. co.

‘ Box 24 Canton, 0. '





 





 





 





The Silo is a money-maker. this you know. You

can profitably use a silo. Let the McClure Company

help you choose the silo that will give you an honest

return on your investment.



The Saginaw Silo lends became it has always

been ahead in improvements. Today it is as good a silo

as can be built along sane. sensible building lines.



In the Saginaw Silo Steel is used to strengthen

it against wind and storm. Tornadoes that have blown

down other silos have left the Saginaw untouched.

This we know from actual use.



Erect in Redwood Silo



We recommend Redwood because it is the only

wood that has all the requisites for perfect silo build-

ing. It does not rot or decay. It will not shrink or swell

and is fire resisting.



Our policy is proving itself every

day. This year Saginaw silo sales

have been so great that only those

who order quickly will be sure of get-

ting their silo in.time for the filling

season. Our five factories are work-

ing night and day to fill orders.



Redwood is the best wood for silo

building. You have the additional

choice in Saginaw silos of Siloiled

yellow pine which has many of the

qualities of Redwood. also Yellow

Pine and Oregon fir.



See the Saginaw Agent in your

locality. Send for Silo Book No. 117:





THE MCCLURE COMPANY

(FormerlyFarmers HandyWagon Co.)

Saginaw. Mich; Cairo. Ill.

Des Moines. la. St. Paul. Minn.

Ft. Worth. Texas





 





The Hoosier Opening

Silo Roof i,





   





OLD WAY HOOSIER WAY

Fill Your Silo The Modern Way





If you use any other silo roof than n Hoosier, you will



lose about. six feet of valuable silo space by the silage



settling. The Hoosier Roof will pay for itself by added



capacity. It is the kind of cover you have been looking for.

Write for catalog and prices. IRON DEPT





SHEET METAL SPECIALTY 00.. :-: GOSHEN, IND.





 





 





 





 





Pay when





 

   

 





Fill Your Silo Satisfied

3:" " Ross arrange...

Years “.~ You takeno risk

Sears ' - -* '- ‘





 





in the World



We want to prove that our machines are a

good investment before you give up your

money. We know they are so good that we do

not feel it a risk to make this offer. Many new

features have been added which you should know about

before bu ing a machine. Catalog explains all. If. is free.





 





 





 





The E. . Ross 60.. Box 114 Springfield. 0.





 





 

 

 

 





alamazoo





JEENTER SHEAR GUTTERS





- Make best Ensilage at least cost. Patented Cen-

ter Shear feature effects a. positive shear-cut entire

width of bundle. from sides to center of throat. Less

friction. greater cutting capacity. decreased expense for

power. Malleable iron (unbreakable) knife wheel. Cat-

alog explains fully. FREE— _ -





 





 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





 





   





   

 





send for it. 9‘- ,l‘

mums mm a sun co. in ‘3";

Human. mcu. ,.. \g‘

Minneapolis. Minnesota ‘.\\1 C ! B





 

 





. l





are





 





Kansas City. Missouri

No. Fort Worth. Texas,





a

‘ Guaranteed

WRITE TODAY





/;_ ADAPTED'TO-

'.: HOUSES . ..





"BARNS





.4" s HEDS EIC.





OUR GALVANIZED ROOFING





is TIGHT COATED. every inch uniformly spread,

making it positively non-corrosive.





Our Painted Roofing

is made from black shafts, painted on both sides





with best metallic pain , , ,

PROOF AGAINST FIRE, WIND, RAIN AND

LIGHTNING '





   

 

 

 

 

 

   

 





 

 





   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





Cheaper than slate or shingles, and Is guaranteed

to give satisfaction. For thirty years we have

manufactured the genuine world's best roofing





FOR lNFORlVlATlON 8. PRICES WRITE TO





‘NILE: lRON 5-...S'll1iit worms cerium?
, JUNE 27, 1914.





THEMIcHI-GAN FA'RMER





17 —4349





 





 





 





 





 





,_:::l FOR VOL. CXLH.





_ _—_—fi

From January I, 1914, to July I, 1914.





 





 





 





 





Farm.





venient and practi-

A con 602





Alfalfa, a Hillsdale coun-





cal silo roof





ty experience . .,/.. . . .

experience in seeding“





291





eedin without

favors s g 291





nurse crop ..........

on barren clay ........ 165

on rolling land ........ 51





securing a

sta tand

seeding thin land to.





...............





successful

16





signal success with seed-26





ing





.................





sowing with peas ...... 581

suggestive experiences

with ................ 49





why every farmer should65





grow





................





A hired man’s viewpoint .386





Beans, what about the

seed? ............... 419

Boys’ and girls’ agricul-

tural clubs ..........

club work ............ 419

Conserving soil moisture. 322

Corn crop, the ........... 59

planter cannot count. .530

Cost of keeping farm ma-

chinery ............. 52

Crop and fertility prob-

lems—clover seeding

lost, what crops to





Definition of a good farm-6





grow on the ground,3





applying lime





.......





..................





Durateble whitewash, a.

Efliciency on the farm.

Farm help ....... 50,106,164

Farm Notes. ——Alfa1fa and





Canada thistles, top-

dressing wheat with

manure, 26; broom corn

culture in Michigan

late matured beans for

seed, grass in the wood-

lot, seeding alfalfa af-

ter wheat, plowing a1«

falfa sod, seeding alfal-

fa in oats after corn,

Canadian grown oats

and barley for seed, 52;

seed’g alfalfa in fall and

spring grain, clover vs.

soil fertility, 82; seed-

ing alfalfa after wheat,

varieties of alfalfa,

kainit for potatoes, soil

for inoculating alfalfa,

fertilizer for beans, one

crop system VS. rota-

tion, what ails the clo-

ver, 106; preparing the

soil for alfalfa, fertiliz-

the soil for alfalfa,

treating potatoes for

scab, 162; sowing rape

in fall-sown grain, pre-

paring a field for alfal-

fa, growing potatoes

from seed balls, sweet

clover as a soil builder

and forage crop, varie-

ties of sweet clover,

when to plow sweet

clover under as a prep-

aration for alfalfa, the

amount of sweet clover

per acre, 197; sowing

plaster with clover,

smut in cats, the locust

borer, methods of pota-

to culture, crop and fer-

tilizing questions, erad-

icating wild carrots,

229; how much lime per

ac1e, sowing sweet clo-

ver to inoculate for al-

falfa, 258; fertilizing the

soil for alfalfa, improv-

ing hard clay, fertilizer

for sandy loam, what

crop to grow for hay on

muck land, 293; cement

floors for horse stable,





substitute hay crops,

the King system of

ventilation, 324; peas





and oats on light land,

fertilizer for timothy

meadows, applying fer-

tilizer to corn, speltz as

a grain crop, varieties

of soy beans for Michi-

gan, 325; maintaining

fertility on sandy soil,





seeding alfalfa in oats,





aw" "' "





.226





caustic lime vs. ground

limestone, 356; .soil for

inoculating alfalfa, ap-

plying ground limestone

on the surface, flax as

a farm crop, 357; sow-

ing alfalfa with peas,

seeding sweet clover

with peas and oats,

crops for green manure,

treating seed corn to

prevent depredations of

crows, Icoal ashes as a

fertilizer, fertilizer for

corn, sowing alfalfa in

wheat, 388; improving a

run-down soil, seeding

clove’r in buckwheat,

seeding sandy land to

clover, seeding clover

with or Without a nurse

crop, planning the crop

rotation, cultivating, vs.

plowing for oats, 418;

fertilizing potatoes

growing sand vetch for

hay, 442; blighted pota-





toes as a source of 4

seed, catch crop for

green manure, seeding





alfalfa in or after oats,

fertilizing for alfalfa, in-

oculating red clover,

sowing alfalfa with the

spring wheat, seeding-

alfalfa with clover, 490;

natural inoculation of-

alfalfa, fertilizing sandy

soil, sowing alfalfa with

or without nurse crop,

511; seeding clover in

corn, seeding alfalfa af-

ter oats and millet,

commercial fertilizer for

potatoes, 546; fertilizer

and soil fertility, plow-

ing down straw, mid.

summer seeding of al-

falfa, rape pasture for

small pigs, 566; making

hay from winter vetch,

plowing down rye for

alfalfa, vetch vs. alfalfa

602.



Farm tenant house, the..227

wood-lot, the 132



Fertilizing a new seedingG





of alfalfa ............ 18

Fertilizing muck soils.. 130

Flax, sow with barley....419





Flood gates across streams 2

Forage crops as a factor





in pork production... 49

Foreign potato diseases



and the quarantine.. 25

Growing soy beans ....... 385

Hay caps ............... 602

Heating the farm home...131

Improving a worn soil. . . .466





Is farming a profitable

business?

Lillie Farmstead Notes.“

322, 442, 530, 546,

583, 618.

Lime as a fertilizer ...... 196

when to apply ........ 566

Little stories about big

farmers 28

Long life policies for the

farm equipment ..257

Manure, conservation of..419





-----------





uuuuuuuuuuuuu





winter handling of.... 3

Marl, use of in 18th cen-

tury ................

Modern conveniences on



the farm ........... 418





More about stone roads..

Muck applied to a sandy

soil , 1

Our sugar beet industry. 27

Our undeveloped agricul-

tural resources 1





.............





Permanent buildings for

the farm ............ 32

Potato Growers’ Ass’n ob-

jects and work in

Michigan ............ 582

Powdery potato scab in

Maine .............. 324

Power and equipment for

the farm ............ 353





Profitable summer pasture

for the pigs ......... 441



Profit from the farm. .386



Protecting the corn from

the crows 5





Results of different meth-





ods of inoculating for

alfalfa 389





................





' WMWWWWWW





........................ 389

Roofing problem, the. ..258

Rural uplift movements. . 83

Salt saves seeding ....... 51

Seed beans .............. 51

Self-made farmers ...... 2

Skunk, value of to agri-



culture ..............

Smutty wheat and carbon164





Soil and Fertilizer Ques-

tions, wood ashes for





muck ground, com-

mercial fertilizer for

sugar beets, 260;

questions on soil and

fertilizers ........... 510

Soil fertility ............. 261

Some opinions on the cost

of a crop ....... 545,

phases of the haying

problem ............. 601

Soy beans in Cheboygan

county .............. 233

State corn show awards. .292

potato men meet ....... 354

St. Clair county Potato





grower S organize





Stone roads, conservation





..................





vs0 the King drag ...... 131

Sweet clove1 ............ 442

for pasture on hilly,



sandy land .......... 324

observations on ....... 323

Tenth annual Michigan





corn show 0

Testing the seed corn. .387

The county farm advis01. 386

The “curly dwarf” potato



disease ............. 194

The dredge ditch ........ 325

The farmer and state re-



ward roads



and the labor problem.. 83

The national corn show. .292

The passing of a type. . . .195

The sweet clover question.386

The true cost of a crop. .466



imely suggestions on or-





namental planting. . . .489

Torrens land title system.

the, 130, 162, 194, 226,

258.

True stories about self-

made farmers ..... , 417

Vetch and soy beans... 164

Vitality of seed .......... 387

Weeds, control and erad-

ication of ........... 509

Why a farm cost system6

is desirable .........

Why have rats? ......... 530

Winter on the dairy farm 81

World records made by

Michigan cows the

past year ........... 225

Work of farm manage-

ment department of

M. A. C ......... , 467





Live Stock.





A hog cholera conference.327

A government horse farm.420

An experience with hog

cholera 202

A skeptical opinipn regard-

ing the spread of hog





.............





cholera ............. 295

Baby beeves make eco-



nomical gains ....... 294

Breeding crate .......... 444

Care of work horses....584





Cement jacket for large

kettle ............... 190

Clipping the work horses.360

Cost and profit in lamb

feeding ............. 390

Cribbing habit ........... 189

Developing a spring for

watering stock ' ...... 420

Dual purpose cow, the... 76

Economy in production of





pork ........... , 263

Experience with hog chol-

era ................. 391





Feeding cottonseed meal





to sheep and lambs.. 76

eWes for milk flow. . . ..444

' experiments ........... 391

sheep and lambs for

pro t ........... 88, 201

shredded fodder ....... 7

Feeders’ Problems—Grain





to feed with ensilage in

wintering steers, bean

pods for colts, grain ra-

tion for colts, barley vs.

oats- for growing pigs,

6; the feeding value of





pumpkins, feeding mol-

dy fodder, a catch crop

for hog pasture, 30;

buckwheat middlings for

pigs, the roughage for

horses, exercise for

horses, 76; balancing

the pig’s ration, 85; cob

meal for cattle, grain

ration for horses, 112;

the feeding value of

bean pods, the feeding

value of tankage, an

equitable price for pas-

turing stock, sweet clo-

ver as a forage crop for

hogs, spring rye, 158;

ration for farm horse at

full work, 230; carrots

as a feed for hogs, 231;

forage crops for hogs,

a balanced ration for

steers, early pasture for

brood sows, 294; ration

for growing pigs, 359;

catch crops for hog pas-

ture, cooking cull beans

390; rape for hog pas-

ture, grain ration for

farm horses, 421; mid-

dlings and tankage for

young pigs, ground vs.

whole rye, 513; making

up a ration for small

pigs, feeding a young

calf, tankage vs. mid-

dlings for fattening the

Eggs, rye hay for horses





Going into horse breeding.468

Growing vs. fattening pigs





........................





Helping the lambs ....... 390



Hog cholera problem in

Michigan ............ 161



Hogs and fertility. . . . . ...359





Horse breeding problems



in Michigan ......... 112

Imports of cattle ......... 295

Indiana cattle feeders’ con-



vention ... . . . ...494, 568

Keep ewes in good flesh. .494

Live stock meeting, the.30, 84

Live stock news, 7, 30,





112, 158, 190, 262, 421,

468, 513, 532, 549, 568,

584, 621.

Management of the foal. ..513

Michigan improved live

stock breeders’ and





feeders’ ass ’11





Michigan’s sheep feeding

industiy ............

National sheep and wool

conference .......... 04

Need of exercise for ewes

with lamb ........... 3O

Pastures and ,their im-

provement .......... 32

Possibilities, in baby beef2





production ..........

Preparing for spring pigs. 201

Prevent stock from eating

dead bodies of clover

leaf beetle ..........584

Prevention of navel ill of

colts ................ 262

Profit in pork production 262

Pushing the pigs ........

Rotation of crops for hog-

ging down ..........

Story of the breeds ...... 326

Suggestions for the im-

provement of the stal-





lion law ............ 56

Tankage as a food for the

ogs ................ 468

The care of the brood

mare ............... 494

The feeding and care of

the orphan colt ...... 326

The tail of the tailless

calf ................. 621

Vermont and her Merinos. 358

Wether lamb show ....... 84

Winter ailment of breed-

ing ewes ............ 190

Wintering sheep without

hay ................. 584

the store hogs .156

Veterinary.

Abnormal apeptite ...... 45

Abscess ................. 78

Acidity of stomach ....... 543





After effects of azoturia. .527

Animal parasites of liver 78





Apoplexy ............... 631

Articular rheumatism. .159

Bacterial infection ...... 461

Barren cow ......... 78, 382

heifer ................. 77

mares ................ 563

Barrenness .............. 159

Bitten by boar .......... 45

Bleeding piles ........... 382

Blind staggers ........... 19

Blood poison ............ 563

Bloody milk ............. 599

Bog spavin .......... 101, 319

Breeding question ....... 507

Bruised breast ......... 599

hock .................. 631

neck .................. 223

Bronchial asthma ....... 563~

Bursal swelling ......... 101

Catarrh ................. 543

or inflammation of crop. 485

Choki ing ................ 99

Chronic cough ...... 382,461

cracked heels ......... 87

diarrhea .............. 631

foot soreness ......... 382

garget ....... . ..... . .255





heaves ................ 382

navicular disease... 21

Collar boils ............. 415

Colts cough ............. 21

Congestion of udder .125

Congested teat .......... 383

udder 579

Contagious catarrh ...... 125

Contracted foot ......... 461

Cough .................. 599

Cow does not come in

heat .................. 383

ejects food ............ 439

fails to get with calf” 78

holds up milk ......... 125

Cowpox ................ 159

Dainty fodder ........... 382

Difficult churning ....... 439

Diseased teeth .......... 351

Distemper .............. 45

Distomatosis ............ 78

Dog has tapeworm ....... 78

, worms ................ 125

Drops of blood in milk..223

Dropsy .................. 61

of leg ................. 382

Dropsical swelling ....... 485

Eczema ................. 21

- Effects of milk fever. . . .439

Extosis ......... 4 , 461,579

on hock ............... 15

Fall pigs cough ......... 78





Feeding an unbalanced ra-





tion .................

Fibrous tumor ...... 159, 223

Filly cribs ............... 77

Fistula of withers....21, 223

Foot soreness ....... , 527

Fowl cholera ........... 27

Garget ..... 382, 383, 507, 527

Glandular swelling ...... 415

Goitre .................. 527

Grub in the head. . . . . .543

Hard milker ............. 159

Heifer fails to come in



heat ................ 59





gives poor quality milk. 383

has bad cold 83





Hogs eat chickens ....... 159

have worms ............ 77

Impaction ............... 101

Imperfect udder ......... 579

Incipient bone spavin . . . .351

bone spavine lameness. 77

Indigestion, 19, 21, 45, 78, 223

255, 287, 382, 461.

Infected udder ......... 543





Inflamed lymphatic glands 45





Internal hemorrhage .. .78

I1ritated eye ............. 19

Irritation of sheath.. .439

Itch .................... 507

Kicks in stable.... ....... 255

Laryngitis ............... 287

Leucorrhea 45, 507

Liver disease ........... 4

Loss of appetite, 19,351,507

Loss of power ........... 439

Lousy colt .............. 45

Lumbago .............. . 21

Lumpjaw ................ 78

Luxation of stifle ........ 579

Malignant Wound ........ 382

Mammitis ............... 191

Mange .......... 101,439,563

Ma1e disowns colt ........ 485

Melanotic tumms ....... 28 87

Milking cows suckled by

calves ............... 191

Miscarriage ............599

Muscular cramp ........ 383

soreness .............. 125

Nasal catarih ....... 19,319

Navicular aithrites ......

Nodular disease ......... 23

Obstructed teat, 78, 415, 527,

543.

uddei ............ 191,485

Out of condition ......... 21





Paitial dislocation of stifle 21





loss of power ...... 287, 351

Periodic ophthalmia 383

Pigs choke .............. 101

Pig-eating sow .......... 382

Pigs have fits ........... 125

Preventing milk fever. .383

Quittor ..................





256

Rheumatism 19, 159, 191,255,

287, 319, 461, 563.





Ringbone ........... 415,507

Ringworm ..............

Roarer .................. 563

Scours .................. 439

in calves ............. 485





Sheep pull and eat wool..382

Slavering 77





................





Sluggish acting kidneys.. 77

Sore fee ............... 599

foot ................... 527

shoulder ............... 382

Soreness in stifle joint.. 77

Sow does not come in

heat ................. 191

Spinal disease ........... 543

Splint .579

Sprained back ........ 77"191

hip ......... ~. ..... 101,191

leg .................... 383

Stiffness in hind quarters461

Stomach worms ......... 101

Strangles ................ 415

Stringhalt in both hind

legs ................ 223

Suppurating foot ........ 415

Surfeit buds on skin.. 382

Sweeney ................ 461

Swollen fetlock joint....543

stifle .................. 21

Thin old mare ........... 382

Toothache .............. 19





Tuberculosis of liver. .,19 351

Tumor





..................
650—18 THE MICHIGAN FARMER JUNE27.1914.

Vaginitis ................ 101 done ................ 471 An egg production record 74 Planting distance for ap— Loss in shipping eggs. ..540

Warbles ............ 382, 383 to prepare a balanced Auatomatic feeder, home- ples, the ............ 4 Many fruit growing com- .

Wart on face ........... 318 ration ............... made ............... 586 fruit trees .............. 495 munities fraternize. .560



eyelid ............ 83,563 to prevent a cow from Bee-keeping, relation of, Propagation of plants from Marketing farm products

Weakness ...... 125, 439, 527 putting head through to farming .......... 348 cuttings ............. 424 by parcel post ....... 278

Weak back ..... .563 fence ............... 446 Bees on the farm ........ 74 Pruning pointers ....... 347 lambs, successful plan



pigs --------- .........527 Ice cream VS. butter ...... 86 Breeding for more eggs.. 31 the apple ............. 314 for .........



stifle ligaments .......159 Impossible to churn ...... 169 Breeds and broilers ...... 34 9 Sod imulch and close plant- Market methods in Michi-



stomach -------------- 73 Increasing market prices Brooder house, practical 436 ng ................. 284 gan ............ . .628



tendons and ligaments 351 through dairy cow...134 Brooding hints .......... 380 Spraying after the blos- Meat from Argentine” ..504

White diarrhoea ........ 59 99 Influence of cow’s feed on the early chicks ....... 316 som ................. 551 Plan the garden now. ..251



scours ................. 78 flavor of milk ........ 466 factors to remember in,316 apple trees with nitrate Potato growers will co- op-

Wolf teeth -------------- 125 IS the ration 0- Km? 56 394 Canons, money from ..... 348 of soda .......... 567 erate ................ 612

Worms ------------- 461, 563 Kindness tO the kine 299 Chicken ailments, some— for the apple scab ..... 515 quarantine regulations

Wounded shin_ ---------- 255 Make a 800d resolution common ............ Spring pruning of small ' modified ............

Dall‘Y- and keep it ---------- 620 Chickens swallow leg fruits ............... 424 Public markets are being

All COWS should not be Making butter from one ba nsd ............... 514 work for the tomato favored ............. 278

fed the same ------- 329 COW ----------------- 569 Chicken hawk, the. .575 grower .............. Reducing marketing ex-

Am I feeding a balanced dairy COWS OUt Of Here- . Chicks, feeding and care State horticultural society penses .............. 406

ration? _ -------------- 111 fords --------------- 394 of the ............... 380 midwinter meeting ..... 108 Requisites of agricultural

Amount Of Silage t0 feed..110 the COW comfortable._..232 Duck ponds, cement ..... 539 Strawberries, fall-bearing. 55 co-operation .........

Annual meeting Of Mleh- Marsh hay and corn 811- raising, hints on ........ 506 culture, systems of.... 8 Selling produce on Detroit

igan dairymen ------- 110 , age for COWS --------- 297 Early chicks, mating for.. 74 notes ................. 619 markets ............. 342

Ofe DUtCh Belted breed-2 Milk. from silage-fed COWS Egg testing for results. .187 The early spring spraying. 410 Shall we market by parcel

------------------ tor babies -_---~---_--330 Extra profit in poultry...138 The farmers’ hot bed... .4112 post? ...............596

A persistent milker ------ 264 required to raise dairy Gapes, cause and cure for.514 Tomatoes ............... 424 Shipping butter in sum-

A rare occurrence ------ 533 calf ----------------- 569 Getting ready for the hon- Transplanting ........ 567 mer ................ 342

A satisfactory feed man- Milking machine, the....533 ey flow ............. 220 Trouble Department.Lime- Shrinkage of beef cattle

----------------- 111 the art Of .............299 Green onions for young sulphur freezing, 8; pot- while enroute to the

Attelglding the fresh COW-199 Mint straw for COWS-----199 poultry ............. 586 ting plants, varieties of market .............. 120

Barn question ----------- 620 More information on con- Grit .................... 381 fruit, 9; trouble with Some parcel post hints. .560

Bean 3 raw for cows..... 28 crete silo ----------- 58 Ground oats for fattening borers, for an intended Where co- operation pays .342

Best ' oughage _ to feed Non-succulent ration. a..394 poultry .............. 12 orchard, peaches in sod, Wool crop, take better

Wlth corn Silage ----- 297 Number of tons of silage, Guinea fowls, general care 89; soil treatment in a care of ............. 540

130th .COttonseed meal and value --------------- 137 of the ............... 611 young orchard. Red Can- Practical Science

011 meal not neces- Pea meal alone as a con- Hatching chickens ,,,,,, 381 ada apples, 108; varie— A .1 f t'l't bl '

ary """"""""" centrate for cows....329 hints ................. 283 ties of strawberries for 593128 er 11 y pro em, 296:

Building silo inside barn. 492 pickings for cow feed..329 Hawks, the cost of de- light soil, unproductive- B tt0 'th °

underground silo .. ..492 Plan for a lean-to cow sta— structive ............ 575 ness of apple trees, va- u {ant (E m01sture con-

Build silo above ground .169 ble ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 135 Hens could not breathe rieties of sweet apples, L b ent o ”R ...... 44, 547

Buckwheat flow for COWS- 57 Producing pure milk for good ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 31 varieties of apples, 155; a a)” orly . eport.—Tu-

Butter-fat test of d1fferent profit ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 422 Henhouse, the .......... 187 lime on vetch and straw- e'rliiu os1s _germs_ in

breeds ........... 493 Proper amount of light Hopper feeding ......... 349 berries, filling in an old 1111 , malzt‘iing Cider

Can ration be 1mproved?.266 for cow stable ,,,,,, 265 feeding of poultry......186 pear orchard, manure Vinegar; , surface

we afford to buy COWS Protecting wire fences for apple trees, cover fgstlvleiislgnof ndgfdlgeeii





at present prices?....297

Cause of mouldy silage...363

Cement for cow stable...265

Clover hay and corn fod-

der for roughage...... 4

Corn and cob meal and

sweet clover ........ 3

cowpea silage ......... 395

fodder and linseed meal

for cows

fodder, silage and bean

pods ................ 135

oats and cull beans for

cows ........... 133, 199

rye and cull beans for

grain ration for cows.331

stover, bean pods and

oat straw ........... 169

worth more in the silo.394

Cost of raising a dairy16





............





co

Cowgflfail to breed, 199, 471

Cow is probably all right 87





Creamery men meet ...... 54 48

Cream test varies, how to

check up buyer ......

Dairy meeting . . . . . . . . .- ..198

notes ............. 29

type, the . ............. 470

vs. beef coWs and pota-

toes ............. 57

Dairying in Michigan. . . .362

on sixty acres .......... 200

Different brands of cotton-

seed meal ........... 57

Does a cow always test

the same? .......... 111





sifafge ever cause cows

to become intoxicated. 422

Don’t get results with sil-3





age

Effect of beans on qual-



ity of butter ......... 394

Ensilage and shredded



corn stover for rough-





age ................. 56

Excavation for silo ....... 86

Exercise in winter ....... 170

Experiments in salting of



butter .............. 620





Feeding young calves . . . .298

Feed only two pounds of





cottonseed meal per

ay ................. 266

Forty pounds of silage

per day ............. 58

Fourteen pyounds of grain

for 30 lbs. milk ...... 395

Fraud with the tubercu-

lin test ............. 1

Frozen ensilage ......... 28





Grain to feed with silage

and mixed hay

with silage and alfalfa“:6





hay .................

Hand milking vs. milking

machines ........... 492

High grades, how to im-

prove ............... 137

priced feed for “scrub”

cows ................ 232

Holstein breeders at Gd.

Rapids .............. 447

meet ............. 170, 423





How fine to cut silage...329

good a bull to buy.....110

long will it take for a



silo to pay for itself?.168

many cows on 40 acres? 86

much silage and grain

to feed?

often should a cow be

tested? .............. 169

to get cow pasture for

the summer ......... 20

testing





.............





to have your





from unruly cows....548

Put silo on the bank side



of barn ............. 330

Questions on testing milk. 198

Raise the heifer calves. .199





Ration for a test ......... 39 93

for a young bull ....... 199

f0r fresh cows ......... 28





Register of. merit Jerseys.423

Roughage lacks protein..265

Rye and sand vetch for





silage ............... 446

Salt notg necessary to keep

silage ............... 198





Scalding the grain ration 56

Seeding an orchard for a

cow pasture ......... 395

Seeing is believing ....... 533

Select out the poor cows.264

Selecting good dairy cows.233

Sell the corn and buy cot-

tonseed meal ........ 56

Serum increases the milk

110 ................ 394

Shall we sell butter, milk

or cream? ........... 393

Should a hole he left in

cement bottom of silo 29

Silage and tuberculosis..110

for summer feeding....265

for a service bull ...... 447

Silo scepticism .......... 512

Soiling vs. summer silage605





for cows ............

Soy bean straw for cows 58

beans for hay ......... 585

Stall for cows, the best. .330

Streaked butter ......... 264

Stringy or ropy milk. 87

Substitute for oats in the

dairy ration ......... 395

Summer meeting of Mich-

igan Jersey cattle

club ................ 588

The correct principle. . . . 5

Twelve pounds of cooked

beans for cows ....... 264





Value of a ton of silage,

how to estimate its

weight .............. 446



of bean pods compared

with timothy hay.... 87



of brewers’ grains as a

dairy feed



of corn husks for feed..493





of roots as succulent

feed, also compared

with grain .......... 569

Ventilating shafts for cow

stable ............... 33

Weight of Silage, its

value ............... 297





What grain to add to corn

and oats to balance

ration



price to charge cream-

ery patrons ......... 331



to feed a young calf in

place of whole milk.. 5



to mix with oats for a





--------------





cow pasture ........ 329

Wheat and rye for cows. .111

middlings for cows ..... 57





When to plant soy beans

for succotash silage..548

Will it pay to feed beet





pulp. ............... 58

it pay to keep register-

ed cows? ............ 168





Poultry and Bees.





A bachelor’s experience..186

About geese ............. 550

Advantages of hopper feed-

ing .................. 221

A girl’s success with the

chickens

Apiary, spring work in the}84





How to pick out the vig-

126





orous birds .........

Improving the market

qualities of eggs ..... 138

Keep the fowls healthy..627

Late hatched chicks ...... 611

Leg weakness ........... 627

Liver troubles in chick-

ens .................. 316

Loss of feathers on neck

and head ............ 586





Make your hens exercise. 74



One man's method of poul-

try raising .......... 13



Open front poultry house.139





Parasites of poultry ...... 460

Poultry notes ............ 75

Preserving eggs for future

use ................. 539

Pullets, growing the ..... 539





Pure-breds vs. mongrels..252

Pure, dry and disinfected.413





Queen bee, the ..... 460, 506

Raising chicks .......... 100

an essential in ......... 282

Skim-milk for chicks ..... 484

Some poultry experiments.436 '

Spring feeding .......... 381

Sprouted oats ........... 221

Things to plant for the

poultry ........ 514, 575





The hen and the substi-

tute sitter 20





that paid .............. 282

The size of the poultry



flock ................ 140



Uncrown the rooster ..... 550





Ventilation of incubators.220

Vigor in farm poultry....413

Why chicks die in shell. .381





Windows in the poultry

house ............... 380

Winter poultry hints ..... 126’





Horticulture.

Apple tree canker ........





Apples, money in ........ 486

Arsenical poisoning from

sprayed apples ...... 108

Asparagus, French meth-

od of forcing ........ 55

Baldwin apple, the ....... 55

Blight, a cure for ........ 219

Caring for newly planted

trees ................ 486

Ever-bearing strawberries

in Emmet county....410

Examine trees for plant

lice ................. 486

Factors influencing varie-

ties ................. 155





Farm garden, 1eturns from





t ................. 347

Fighting the apple worm. 603

Flou1 paste in lime- sul-



................ 412





ur

Fruit and poultry combi-





nation .............. 46

growers discuss apple

production ..........

Fungicidal value of spray

materials ............ 44

Grape growing, a success

in .................. 250

vine, pruning the ....... 154

Hints on spraying for the

scale ............... 346

Lime- s-ulphur injury .108

M. A. C. “Hort ” show. .166





Michigan’s apple opportu-

nity ................ 448

Mid winter Hort. meeting. 218

Manuring young trees. .448

Onions 37

Orchard inspection law.. 54





..................





Orchards, success with

hogs ............. 378



Pests gof 1the small fruit

plantation .......... 58





7

Plan the garden now. . . ..251





crops for the orchard,

167; propagating straw-

berry plants, spraying

during blossoming time,

219; grafting cherries,

plowing old sod in or-

chard, the best legume

for sandy soils, 285;

spraying questions, 379;

girdled fruit trees,

worms in onions, 411;

varieties of strawber-

ries, starting an aspar—

agus bed, 412; green

. crop 'for the strawberry

ground, care of young

orchard, 425; too much

growth on the peach

trees, alfalfa in the or-

chard, 449; pruning ap-

ple trees, 486; knobs on

apples, 531; cherry trees

fail to bear, the old as-

paragus bed 587

Unusual methods of or-

charding ........ 88, 109

Ward 9orchard notes, 531,567





Where the apples grow. .448

Farm Commerce.

Advertising and the farm-

ers markets 43





A Michigan co-operative

community .......... 374

Argentine and our corn

markets ............. 3

But first may we cast out

the beam ........... 61

Butter market, the ...... 524





Buy Maine seed potatoes

in certified bags only.456

City markets in Michigan.576



Clipped lambs are now

coming forward ..... 406



Communty production sim-

plifies marketing ....342

Co—operation is advancing.524



is progressing in Mich-

inga ................ 480



the watchword of the

future .............. 182



Co- -0perative creamery, the



constitution and by-

laws for ............ 182

shipping association” .596



Cottage cheese, marketing





....................... 406

Dairy markets, adjust-



ment of our ......... 406

Direct dealing and the.



public market ....... 70





Egg marketing

market, watching the. .504

trade, a special ....... 278



Factors influencing bean



prices



Farmers should know the



freight rates to cities 40

will do publicity work. .560





Federal crop report ...... 62 8



Finding fault with direct

marketing ........... 41



From the. distributor’s





point of View

Getting more for the egg





.......





crop ........... 150, 214

Grading corn for the mar-

ket .................

Grape growers forced to



organize ............ 374

growers hope to get to-



gether ............... 150





growing a success 1n...250

How one commission man

was caught 4

Improving the parcel post

service .............. 374

Knowledge of resources

‘ 'help‘in marketing...576





when artificially ap-

plied, 462; apply lime

and acid phosphate

separately, no nitro-

gen in wood ashes,

using the Babcock

test, manurial value

of rock phosphate” .469

Michigan’s pure food leg-

islation ............. 171

Milk and cream variation

of test in. .,600 602, 616

Milk, problem oof supply-

ing to city ........ 22, 44

Relation of shape of ear

to yield of corn ...... 267

Soil analysis, the truth

about ............... 66

The city milk supply, 59,102,

124,133.





a critical study of, 361, 392,

438





.The conservation of soil





moisture ....... 566, 580

The element of uncertain-



ty in interpreting feed-



12%;;- experiments, 222, 234





The work of the Practical

Science Department..632



Treatment of seed pota-



toes for fungus dis-

eases ............... 508



Editorial.



“A Gentleman Unafraid”.606

Agricultural credit ...... 204

Agricultural progress. . . . .364

Agriculture in Congress. .236

in the high schools. .606





Aid in controlling hog

cholera ............. 204

Arbor and bird day ..... 496

Are you keeping a work

record .............. 496

A road bee date for Mich-

igan ................ 52

Boys and Birds .......... 90





Boys’ and Girls’ Clubs. . ..114

City boys study agricul-

ture ................ 472

Country vs. city wages. .364

Decoration Day 5





Education and labor in-

come ............... 90



Family conservation of re-

sources ............. 172

Farm cost accounts ...... 450



management and field

studies ............. 450





ownership vs. tenantry. .114

profit vs. land values. 60

Farmers and the Torrens

system

schools

week ............. 204, 300

Future development of

agriculture

Immigration and the labor

problem

Live stock vs.

farming ............. 26

M. A. C. funds released. .588

Marketing the wool clip. .534

More aid for agriculture. .588

Mothers’ Day ........... 516

Our agricultural wander~





.............





lust ................. 570

Potato quarantine regula-



tions ................

“Prevent the Fly” ....... 364





PubllicW sentiment and the 68

Road bee day advice ..... 570

districts and road work. 268

maintenance .......... 534

Rural credit ............. 60

credit in Michigan ....332

delivery service . . 1.2114
I “Safety First”





 





JUNE .27. 1914.,





THE--~M-ICHIGAN FARMER





19—651





 





......m. 90

for boys and girls. . . . . .516

Special vs. general _ farm-





ing ................. 364

Standardization the key



note ........ 496

State reward roads ....... 570

Surplus potatoes ......... 332

Taxation ................ 516





The Agricultural College..396

automobile outlook ....142

control of hog cho_lera.332

cost of a crop .......... 472





cost of market milk...396

country roads . . .. .450

English sparrow nuis-

ance ................

farm cost account ...... 426

food problem ......... 622

foreign potato contro-

versy ......... .. .....

government and big bus-

iness ............ _ . . .114

greater Michigan fair..622

hunting nuisance ..... 60

mortgage tax law ...... 32

organization of bean

growers ............. 588

potato situation ....... 90

profit in farming ....... 32

railroad problem ...... 516

road question ......... 172

rural church .......... 516

school library ......... 426'

seed bean problem ..... 300

spring clean-up ...... .534

standardization of crops

....................... 588

state corn show ........ 236~

Torrens system ....... 142





visiting rural nurse....60-6

why of cost account.. ..622

Two decades of work. . . .1622

Where opportunity knocks472

“sffiy'ihb'vi't'iié'éééééfif3552

Would insure effect1ve

serum ...... . ........

Young men and the farm.236

Magazine.

Agricultural conditions in

Palestine ........... 572





‘A farmer’s impression of





Ancient. Italy . . . . . 517

tour through the Holy



Land ........... . ..... 427



A famous factory ........ 625





A glimpse of Egyptian ag

ricultural practices ..607



of modern agricultural

methods in Italy ..... 553

A long distance flyer. . . .453

A new kind of ice boat. . .144



A state declares war on





the June bug ........ 573

A story of real achieve-

' ment .. ......-...535





An apple-guessing game. .334

An unfortunate black cat.554

Are entertained by Mexi-453





can rebels ............

Beautifying rural school



grounds ............. 497

Bob’s contract .......... 271





Dr. Downey, tree surgeon.27

Earning money in vaca-

tion ................. 609

Facts about the big trees

of California .. ..... -.‘269

Farming on a large scale

" in Germany .........237

Feeding and taming wild





pets ..........._.....36

Floral flags for Decora-

tion Day ............ 536





For a February Birthday.146

Forecasting storms, frosts

and floods ...........

From Germany

Switzerland . . . . . ..365

From grandfather’s diary.208

Honor to the Stars and

Stripes, June 14. .... .608

How the boys killed a

bear ................. 115

How the‘ fairies befriend-

ed Tim ....-.......-.-.589

How turtles are hunted..624

How unselfish service won

a double victory ....573

Ideas of dress among dif-

ferent people. . . . . .





Indians who are expert

farmers .............



Impensive farming in little

Belgium .............301



Interesting facts about the

honey bee ........... 536





In the nation’s capital... 91





Ireland .. ............453

Japanese farmers of the

far West ...........

Jimmy Jingle and the

plant fairies ........ 62

Joe, a brother ............ 12





Lincoln the maligned. . ..145

Little farm fables....117, 208

Longfellow’s favorite poem

..........-.-..........608

Maple syrup and sugar...208

Not so bad as it first ap-

peared .............. 367

No. 8722 ................ 238

No. 923 Valerian Street,

part 1, 270; part 2....302

Observations on fishing...475

0n the first day of April.366

o”- are «tramway

Our Russmn peasants. . . .116

Peggy and Jack, Jack a‘p-

plies history to every-

day life ............. 35

Friendship still makes.





Bias crocheted





life worth living......175

Jack as a champion o





the helpless ........ -.

Copying heroines a



thankless task ' ....... 399

A tragedy that did not



occur ............... 452





Planting for the birds. . . .591

Recollections of Lincoln

and Grant .....

Remembering those‘ who

saved our land ....... 571

Rubber footwear is now

made like auto tires..337

Some interesting facts 0011397





cerm'ng radium ......

tricks with a violin....303

Sport's promptness ...... 609





Spring catalogs ......... 272

Studying co-operation in





Little Denmark . . .; . .173

Tell it to somebody ...... 12

Telltale Rags ............ 206

That unidentified suit-



case ................ 498





Thel alchemy of human

ife ..................

The blacksnake and the

woodpeckers ........401

The calculating barber... 62

The cheerful chickadee..

The crude rubber supply

' increases 519

The day of recokning.... 33

The discoverer of Pike’s





............





eak ................ 398



The explosion ........... 475

The expressiveness of rur-



al terms ............ 518





The farming community

and rural mail carrier





The Indian play of Hia-





watha .............. 333

The keystone of the post-



al system ........... 205

The land of today ....... 13





The last of the Light Bri-

gade ................ 624



The last of the «original

hardwood 1



The making of pottery.....336





The Ming Tombs, Peking.143

The passing of the Red—





...........





skin ................. 205

The return of comet ..... 474

The slight-ofihand man..239

,The two Brownings ...... 146





The valentine industry. . ..174

Tree planting and public

schools 4

Unexpected guests

What a farmer saw in

Northeastern France . 473

When distance lent en-

chantment .......... 590





......





When we lose our grip. . ‘65

Why mankind s h o u 1d

study nature . . . .334

With the saw and ham-

mer ........... . ..... 271

POETRY.

A memorial gift ......... 573

A question .............. 92

Compensation . . . . . . . . ’62

Contrast ................ 371

Easter .................. 429

Easter Day ............. 431

Fishing memories ....... 555

Wendship . . . .... . . 67

Her soldier lover ......... 571

Home .. ...... ...... 477

Hunting the poles ........ 115

Immortality . . .......... » 01

Just a farmer ............. 65

Lost arts ............... 13





Make way for liberty....398

Nobody needs to ask.. . ..144

Old Jim Smith

Plowing time

Since father went away..572

gt. Valentine’s own day..l77





..........





he farm paper ......... .117

The garden fiend ......... 479

The gift supreme. . . ,. .. . . .398

The Glorious Flag ....... 609

The loser ......... ,. . . . .. .241

The maple tree ......... 555

The old pioneer. . . .. ...... 206

The turn of the road.... 12

The valentine ........... 177

The wanderlust club ..... 209

There is no time like the



present ............. 34





Thy creed of love.. .

To a tufted titmouse. . ...273

Washington’s Birthday . . . .308





Welcome school ........ 07

When lilacs bloom._.,.. . . . 609

Wild geese ............. 4'60

Household.

Add this to the course of

study . . .. ............ 210

A decorative idea... ...... 180





A free cure for many ills.1il.8

An evening with crafts-

men .............. ,. .372

A race of hw-hreahers...556

Are housekeeping women

uninteresting? . . . . ....520

A St. Patrick’s Day party/.306

A Texas woman’s weekly

plan ................ 626

At housecleaning time...593

Bag for crochet cotton, a.454

Believes in the vacuum..119

' 1ace........147

Box conservation ....... £236

Bread wisdom ...... .4

Can anyone tell why?... .479

Candles, the economy of..308

Catching diseases ....... 242

Cleaning 8. small house..610





Clover leaf insertion ..... 574

Clover mite the, in house.610

Cold weather play for the 68





little ones ..........

Crochet edging .......... 370

Dainty toilet articles ..... 14

Darning basket, the ...... 69

Debt paying ............ 68

Deeds, not creeds, demand

of the day .......... 66

Different kinds of cleans-

ers ................. 147

Don't lay too much stress

on specializing ...... 338

impute motives ....... 454





Dried fruits are economt



cal and valuable.....

Dry bread .............. 178

Drying rack, convenient. .557

Eighteenth century styles‘wO





rule .................

Emergency plates ....... 610

Endive .................. 478

Exterminating the cock-



roaches ............. 557





Farm women’s building at

Frisco Exposition . . . . 454





clubs in Belgium ....... 307

Fashions, 69, 95, 119, 148,

212, 276, 308, 340, 371,

404, 521, 557.

Feeding the baby ........ 178





Forcing bulbs for Easter.210

Frugal fare ............. 180

Guarding against fire.... 68

Guimpe, an easily made..243

Herb garden for the farm

home, a ............. 574

Home queries, 15, 95, 148,

180, 276, 308, 404, 431,

500, 521, 537, 593, 626.

Home was made for the

family .............. 478

made cheese .......... 610

Hot Weather cooking prob-





lem, the ............ 500

Household economy ..... 15

How much work is



“made?” ............ 626

Improving the home. ..... 402

In what spirit do you



work? .............. 574

Kinks in kitchen churn~



.ing ................. 306

Laundry helps .......... 15



room, the ..340





wrinkles, a few new...5'92

Letter box, 148, 243, 478, 593

“Mme” vs. “Ours” ....... 306

Mistress or slave, which ?.244

Ointment, a serviceable..119

Once again be thankful..537





One legitimate cause of

worry ...............

Paper helps ............. 66



Parcel post for farmers’

wives, the 430





Planning the 5615813131

402





274





en .................

Raising house plants from

seeds ...............

Rempes.—-A sweet potato





cake, molasses layer

39'; a fine wedding

cake, apple puff,

bread pie, 66; corn

hatter bread, potato

and onion soup, two

eggless cakes, 212;

fruit drop-cakes, rice

pudding ............. 212

Salt and cornstarch beads

............. 148

School lunch needs atten-

tion ................. 404

Screens easily made at

home 118





Short cuts in housekeep-

ing, 69, '95, 148, 212, 243,

371, 4.31, 454.



Some bows and buckles.. 94



cleaning hints for quiet





days ................

Spanish recipes that

_ may be tried ..... . . . .556

t1me-honored frolics for

the May season ...... 520

Sucwss .................. 430

Summer salads 538





Taking down the I stoves .....454





Tatting novelties ....... 66

Teaching domestic science

in Belgium .......... ‘68

The arch of the foot ..... 371

The art of resting ...... 276

The best sort of farm pro-

ducts ............... 210

The care of one’s shoes.. 66

The children’s hour ...... 308





The country woman’s op-

portunities for money

The family mending. . . ...212

The friendly clinic ..14, 119



The great opportunity of

mothers ..... ......... 274

The incentive of necessity 94

The new hats are conser-

vative and becoming.338

The tragediesv' of childhood178

The week’s work, how do

you plan it? ......... 402

The whole truth all of the

time ................

Time and labor savers...147

To shorten a skirt... . . ...404

When father and motherem

Where too much knowl-

edge is dangerous... .592

Who is to blame for my

failures?

Woman’s congress at the





round-up ............ 370

Your new curtains ....... 340

Youthful mothers have the .



best of it ............ 242



Grange.





A lively Grange meeting.245





.Among the live Granges.





79, 103, 127, 149, 213,

277, 437, 463, 487, 501,

526, 541, 577, 598, 613,

629.



An inspiring pomona

meeting





A popular programfea—





ure ................. 181

Ashland Grange enter-

tains pomona ....... 613

Bennington Grange ..... 437

Benzie county and its

Granges ............ 03

Big meeting of Laingsburg

Grange .............





Clinton county pomona. . .562

Cloverland patrons co-op-

erate ................ 213

Conserving young people.149

Eaton's big mid-winter

meeting ............. 309

Grange active in develop-

ment of agriculture..373





habits ................. 598

notes ................. 526

Granges organize ....... 487

Hesperia Grange and the

teachers’ institute ..341

Ingham pomona opens the

year ................ 213

Ionia pomona ........... 405

Lecture conferences . . ..245





New Grange in Barry 00.463

Plymouth Grange notes..277





Pomona meeting ........ 01

Prospective Granges .231

Public spirited Grange

work ................

The Grange at work ...... 501





The spring conferences..373

The State Grange meeting 23

To every man his task. . .405





Tri—county meeting ....... 541

Washtenaw county corn

contest .............. 79

Farmers’ Clubs.

Boys’ and girls’ agricul-

tural clubs .......... 181





Club Discussions, 47, 79, 103,





127, 149, 245, 277, 309,

341, 373, 405, 437, 463,

487, 501, 526, 541, 562,





577, 613, 629.



Club Histories.—-No. Mar-

shall Club, 245; Pine

Lake Club, Sherman





Farmers’ Club ...... 277

County ass’n meets ....... 405

Farmers’ Clubs in Minne-



sota 562





Our boys’ and girls’ clubs.213

Side lights on farm life.'. 23

The Farmers’ Club and

community welfare 5.98

The rural help problem, 341,

233, 405, 437, 463, 487,

1





Yearly Programs—Hadley





and Elba Club, 213;

Webster Club, 541;

Ingham County Club,

562; Wasnington Cen-

ter Club ............ 98

Illustrations.

A good catch ............ 475

seed bed ............. 529

A happy family ......... 3467

Alfalfa club, Emmet Co..465

hay field ............. 81

plant, year old ......... 465

Apple orchard sod mulch.284

tree, pruning the ....... 314

trees, map showing dis-

tribution ............ 448





Ash trees in timber tract 11

Bean crop, farm of Walt-





er BI‘OWn ........... 417

Band on apple tree ...... 602

inside .of .............. 602

Beans, on Allis farm.....289

Big trees, California ..... 269

Birthday favors ......... 146





Black walnuts in wood-lot 11

Blue-jay, the 589

Bows and buckles, some. 94





............





Boy and pet calf......-..271

Breeding crate .......... 444

Brood frame ............ 220

device for wiring ...... 220

Brood sow in rape pas-

ture ................

sows on alfalfa pasture 76

Brooder house .......... 426

Butter shipping crate... 70





Calves, triplet Holstein...297

Carnotite ore, '1 for





treating ............. 3‘97

mining camp .......... 397

where gathered ....... 397



Chickens, just arrived .. .220

Children on the farm....303

Clydesdale horse ........ 301

Cold storage house, Clark



Allis ................ 289





College Bravura Second,

record Brown Swiss





cow ................ 225

Crochet edging ......... 370

insertion .............. 370

Dairy Shorthorn cow,

Dairy Maid ........

Danish co-operative cream-

ery ................. 173

mill ................. 173





Decoration Day cover de-

sign .. . . 5





0.0-





Drying rack, a convenient.557





Egg carton ............. 16

tester ................. 504

Eggs, in incubation ...... 20

Egyptian farm scenes. . .607

Eminents Bess, record

Jersey cow ......... 225





Expense account sheet. . .617

Farm accohnt sheet, Mr.



ase ................ 109



O. F. Marvin ........... 581



barn, Oscar Olmstead...601

home of George New-





bound ............... 1

of Jas. N. McBride ..... 321

of Walter Brown ....... 417

products, best sort of..210

scenes in Germany. . . ..237

shop, power in ........ 257

tenant house, a ........ 227

plan of ................ 227

tools exposed to the



weather ............. 257



Germination box ........ 387





Glacier at Chamonix,

Switzerland ......... 65

Gooseberry plantation well

kept ................ 587

Grange degree team of

Eaton county ....... 309

Grape vines after pruning

....................... 154

before pruning ........ 154





Guimpe, an easily made..243

Hamper, fraudulent

Hens, a good bunch of...

Hiawatha, characters in..333



scenes from ....... 333,

Hog house, portable ......

Hogs in pasture lot. .161,



sanitary surroundings. . .161

Hunting the poles ........ 115

Ice boat made from sleds.144

Indian chief



squaw and papoose. . . .205





Insertion, clover leaf. . . ..574

Ireland, provinces of ..... 453

Japanese and Chinese lab-

orers ...............

types of in west ....... 33

Jimmy Jingle and the

plant fairies... .62, 63, 64

Lace, bias crocheted ...... 146





Lime spreader .......... 465

Lincoln birthday cover de-

sign ................ 129

M. A. C. “Hort” Show...166

Manger for dairy cattle..111

Mexican Joe

Milk cart in Brussels....301

Motorcycle, rural carrier..451

Mt. Vernon

Old French pear trees... 55

On a tour of inspection..346





.............





Orchard, spraying ....... 346

with trees too close.... 46

Ornamental planting . . .489





Peach buds in condition to

spray 5





...............





orchard, a New York..218

Peggy and Jack ...... 35, 175

Picking grapes .......... 250

Pigs feeding on pasture.. 49

in cats ............... 441

rape pasture .......... 441

Playing checkers ........ 239





Plowing with four horses.353

tractor 353

Pompeii, business street 051





................





.......................





Pontiac De Nijelander,



record of ...........



Potato crop of Wm. J.

Nielsen ............. 545

field, a clean .......... 509





Potatoes, a good stand of.545





showing powdery scab. 26

wart disease .......... 25

Holstein cow ........... 22o





Poultry house, interior of.139





open front ............ 139

houses, colony of ...... 282

Pueblo Indians, corrals... 61

feeding chickens ...... 63

sheep of ............... 61

shepherd .............. 63

Rural carriers at state

meeting ............. 451

cemetery, well kept. . . .535

scenes in France ...... 473

Scenes in Rome ..... 517, 553

in the Holy Land ...... 427





School grounds, plans for.497



u'viting 4

Screen, home-made ...... 118

Sheep, a small flock of. . .509

Silo, stone, of A. VVood.. 81

Slipper trees, etc. . . . ,. . . . '

Slopes along the Rhin-e..o65





.............





Soy beans, inoculation of.323

planted in rows. . . . ,. . . .385





Spring millinery

St. Joseph Co. Grange. . . .181

Tatting novelties ........

Tell—tale Rags ........... 207

Tomb of Emperor Yuloh.143

court of .............. 146

Tombs, the Ming, Peking.143,

Tools for cultivating. . . .495

Traverse Princess VVeg,

record Holstein cow. .225

Trees, Case system of set-





ting ................

Twin colts .............. 391

Uranium ore, packing from



cliffs 3





Washington cover design.193

Welcome school ......... 07

Wexford boys’ agricultur-

al club ............. 105

White Leghorns, Flanders

Farm ......... 380

Wood-cutting ..... . . . .. 51





With buzz saw ......::259
A Permanent Silo Without Delay

Direct From Our Nearest Factory





PROMPT shipment is a mighty important thing. When you want our silo you want it, and

we are prepared to ship 1t to you at once—Just as qulckl as t e 1Eparts can be carefully





checked and loaded into the car. The ease of handling N atco mperisha le Silo parts, the lar e

stock of all sizes of silos we keep on hand, and the convenient location of our various plants mafie

the matter of transportation of Natcos quick and sure. Added to these splendid shipping facili-

ties is the popularity of the N atco Imperishable Silo as a permanent structure. It is knOwn as





“The Silo that Lasts for Generations”





With it are required none of the adjustments and repairs common to other silos and increasing with age. It

is easily erected by anyone. handy with a trowel and mortar, and then stays erected, building up feeding

profits through the sweetest and most palatable ensilage and being the one building that can be counted on

through fire, rain, snow, heat and and cold, to produce certain results.





Before the long hours and heavy work of this season become farther advanced, you’d better determine upon

the construction of your new silo. Write not only for our free Silo book but also for a list of our silos in

your state— investigate Natco construction close at hand. Choose carefully and do not sacrifice durability

for first cost. Then you’ll surely determine upon a





NATCO IMPERISHABLE SILO





(PATENTED)





Produces the most palatable of ensilage.



Convenient for every operation of filling and feeding.

Eliminates repairs. .



Is an attractive addition to any farm building.





The Farmer Demands Absolute Reliability





and for that reason his universal approval of the Natco Imperishable Silo makes prominent the following





valuable features of this scientifically designed structure :





BUILT OF HOLLOW TILES OF VITRIFIED CLAY which are

never affected by the weather. Vitrified clay is absolutely the

most durable material known to man.



BEING NON-POROUS AND GLAZED these hollow tiles do not

absorb moisture from the silage and cause it to mold. Moisture,

l8 you know, is absolutely necessary for the preservation of silage.

fWO DEAD AIR SPACES in each tile prevent freezing. Air

is the best non-conductor of heat commonly dealt with.



NO HOOPS TO TIGHTEN.



QUICKLY ERECTED —The hollow, vitrified clay tiles are of

convenient size and are easy to handle. Anyone familiar with

masonry construction can do the work with very

little trouble.



REINFORCED BY CONTINUOUS STEEL

BANDS laid in the mortar between each tier of

tile, the Natco Imperishable Silo is of more than

sufficient strength to resist any side pressure





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





Bloomington, Ill.





from weight of ensilage, and to defy the force of Windstorms.

NO PAINTING REQUIRED. The brown glazed surfaces of

Natco Imperishable Silo Tiles of vitrified clay do not require

exterior painting or any coating on the interior.



WALLS WILL NOT’FREEZ‘E, CRACK, WARP OR SHRINK.

THE NATCO IMPERISHABLE SILO IS AN ATTRACTIVE

ADDITION TO YOUR FARM BUILDINGS. It is a credit to

your good judgment.



WEATHERPROOF, DECAY-PROOF, VERMIN-PROOF,

FIREPROOF.



—-these paramount qualities of the Natco Imperishable Silo

make it imperative that you consider the future before letting

first cost unduly influence you.



INVESTIGATE NOW— DON’T WAIT. Now is an excellent

time to investigate into Natco Imperishable Silo merits. Don’t

waituntil farm operations hinder your properly selecting your silo.





' ' Send toda for illustrated book on silos and

wrlte for Free 8110 B00k_ensilage. yComplete description of Natco





Imperishable Silo construction given. Writegour office nearest you and ask for catalog A





National Fireproofing Company





Pittsburgh, Pa.





Madison, Wis. Philadelphia, Pa. Syracuse, N. Y.





Lansing, Mich. Huntington, Ind.





   





 





 





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