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' The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural and Live Stock Journal in the State.





 





 





 





VOL. CXXXIII. No. 3.

Whole Number 3460.





DETROIT, MICH.. SATURDAY, JULY 17. 1909.





75 CENTS A YEAR

Sl.50 THREE YEARS





 





FARM NOTES.





Late Seeding of Alfalfa.





Some time ago I read an article in The

Farmer stating that there were several

different kinds of alfalfa and only two or

three kinds that would‘stand the climate





~— of~northern Mio‘higan. I have never





raised alfalfa but would like to try some.

\Vould like to know if there is any way

of telling, and where to send for seed

of a kind that will stand the climate of

Leelanau county. The ground I intend

to seed to alfalfa was sowed to oats last

spring. I will plow and sow the seed as

soon after harvest as possible. What do

you think of that proposition?

Leelanau CO. H J. E.

‘ While there are, as inquirer suggests,

several varieties of alfalfa, the article

which he mentions referred to the indi-

viduality of different individual plants

or strains of the same variety, instead

of to different varieties. One who has

never done experimental work in plant

breeding or had an opportunity to ob-

serve such work and note the results,

has little conception of the wide 'varia—

tion exhibited by different plants of the

same variety. There are growing in the

experiment station plats at M. A. C.,

some thousands of individual alfalfa

plants which illustrate this fact per-

fectly. The writer saw those plants

when they ,were just commencing to

bled» '»~fy‘ear and noted the mar:

some: i e'ren’c‘e' “between them. Some

-'were strong, erect, bushy plants with

an abundance of foliage, while Others

were weak and with almost trailing

habits like a vine with

slender stems and scant fol-

iage. There was also a

great difference in the color

of the bloom, and in fact

in many prominent charac—

teristics. The work of the

plant breeder in charge is

to select the best of these

plants from which to save

seed, and develop these in

increase plots for the, pur—

purpose of establishing an

improved or desirable strain

of alfalfa, which will produce

a maximum of forage and

have a desirable hardiness,

when the seed will be dis-

tributed in small quantities

for the purpose of dissemi—

nating the improved strain

thruout the state. But this

is the work of years, and

unless one patronizcs [his

private plant breeders who

have been doing a, similar

Work and who sell the seed

at fancy prices, he can do

little better than to buy the

common alfalfa seed of a re-

liable firm that will assure

him of its purity and furnish

him 506d grown in about

the same latitude in which

he will attempt to grow it.

AlmOSt any of the secdsmen

who advertise in this paper

in season can furnish it. If

you get seed that was grown in the

northern part of the United States as

above noted, it is about all that you can

do in the way of selection, at present,

unless you are prepared to pay a fancy

price or are fortunate enough to secure

Michigan grown sccd. Some seed was

harvested in Mich'gan last year, but as

it was only harvested from limited areas

and mostlyretained in the neighborhoods

where grown, it is hard to secure.

With regard to the late seeding of

alfalfa, as contemplated by this inquirer,

the writer would say that its advisa—

bility would depend largely on soil and

weather conditions. If there is plenty

of moisture so the land can be plowed,





and well fitted to make a good seed bed

so the crop could be sown in August,

there might'be a. fair chance of getting a

good‘stand. In fact, there seems to be

no best time to seed alfalfa in Michigan,

or‘if there is a best time it has not yet

been ascertained. A good many grow-

ers have had success with late seeding

on well prepared soil, and others favor

spring seeding without a nurse crop,

while still others report success in seed-

ing with spring grain as is the customary

way with the clovers, and still others

have failed by all of these methods.

There is one advantage in late summer

seeding without a nurse Crop, in that

the weeds bother it less than when seed-

ed in any other way. Then, if the young

plants live over winter and the bacteria

necessary to their growth is in the soil,

at fair crop ma y be expected the following

year on fertile land and no time will be

lost in securing the stand, as is the case

when S€‘(‘(l(d in the spring without a

nurse crop, as practically nothing is

secured from the field the first year

under that plan. If you have stable

manure with which to-give this field a

light top dressing after the alfalfa is

sown, or even in the fall or early winter

it should help to save the stand of alfalfa

from winterkilling and increase the pros-

pect of a crop next year. But unleSs the

soil can be gotten into a proper condi-

tioh, we do not‘ believe it would pay to

sow it’ after the oat crop is harvested.

If there should be a severe drouth the





as to the best means to the end under

the conditions which surround the prob-

lem in our individual case.



Some Alfalfa Problems.



As has been before noted in these col-

umns, the writer has been trying to get

alfalfa established on his farm, with but

indifferent success, for choral ycars.

The field sown tWo years ago was not

inoculated, but was well fitted and sown

without a, nurse crop late in June. The

land was a sandy loam in a good state

of fertility, having been given a heavy

application of stable manure the pre-

ceding year. Commercial fertilizer was

also used at the time of seeding, and the

young plants made a fine growth, bm

the bacteria peculiar to the plant did not

seem to be present in the soil in any

considerable numbers, and while there

was some natural inoculation in spots.

and scattering plants all over the field

showed the presence of bacteria, the

stand failed to make a profitable crop

on this account. Wherever the bacteria

was present the growth was rank and of

a dark green color, while the balance of

the plants were small and pale in up-

pearance. Crab grass came, in plentifully

and further retarded the growth of the

weak plants, most of which died the sec—

ond Winter. However, wherever inocula-

tion had occurred the plants seemed to

stand the winter perfectly. This field

was plowed and planted to potatoes this

spring in the hope that the bacteria

would get thoroly distributed over the





 





soil could not be, properly firmed down

after plowing, and the seed would not b*

likely to germinate well, so the chances

of getting a good stand and a fair growth

of the young plants before winter would

not be good. llowvvcr. late summer

seeding has given best rcsults in some

of the states in which alfalfa is exten-

sively grown in the middle west, and we

believe it is worth a trial in Michigan.

The unquestioned value of the crop for

the producton of a maximum of valuable

forage, and as a soil 'renovator and

improver, makes it well worth while to

use every available means in an effort

to get it established on our farms, and

we must depend On our own judgment





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The Modern Porch Adds to the Appearance and Comfort of the Roomy, Old-Fashioned Farm House-





ficld in cultivating the potatoes. It will

be sown t0 alfalfa again next spring. and

we have a great deal of faith that the

crop will be a. success on this ground

from that seeding.



Another field of'cight acres was sown

one year ago, bcing put in in the same

way and on the same kind of land, except

that the soil was inoculated, or at least

we made an effort to inoculate it. So.

was taken from the field sown the, pro-

ccding year from a spot which showed

good inoculation and where. the nodules

were plentiful on the alfalfa roots, and

scattered over the field before seeding.

A pure culture of the alfalfa bacteria

was also secured from the Department





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-¢uhint!It!‘¢,ll§~l’)“<‘#nfl‘.i:- be \Vol'kcd out before this





of Agriculture at Washington, and the

seed was inoculated with this. But not-

withstanding these precautions wc se-

cured a very imperfect inoculation on

this field. Possibly it was because the

bacteria on the plants growing in the

spots from which the soil was taken were

not in the right stage of development,

and the inoculation with the pure cul-

ture was not effcctivc, or possibly the

soil was in a slightly acid condition, not

favorable for the development of the

bacteria. Anyhow, the evidence of in-

oculation is apparent only in spots as

was the case with the other field, and

the plants have made a vigorous growth

only on these spots. The plants in this





field did n =t yet as large as those sown

the ])l‘(‘('ul"l1g year before winter set in,

on Hccounl of the exceedingly dry





weather, and the stand was injured

worse by \vin'crkilliuil. yet on most of

the field Ilnre were sufficient plants to

make a good stand if inoculation had been

general and effective. This field will be

treated in the some way next year as

we have trcntcd the field sown the year

before, and we expect to get a good stand

of alfalfa on both. We shall take the

precaution to apply lime next time, and

will secure soil from an old and success-

ful field with which to inoculate more

perfectly and probably use another pure

culture on the set d as well.



These experiences simply show that we

do not know all about growing alfalfa

yet. But in some sections of the state

there is no such trouble and

natural inoculation takes

place readily. In these

places the crop has been a

Success from the start, and

in other localities there has

lu-un no trouble in securing

p-rfect inOculation by arti»

ficial means. llow'cver, the

fact that alfalfa is being

suCccssfully grown in nearly

all parts of the state and on

practically all kinds of soils

that are Well drained makes

it practically certain that

we can all grow it success—

fully when We, learn just

how. For one,.the writer is

going to kccp right on try-

ing until he lcnrns, and be—

licvcs that it would be to

the advantage of a great

many more, farmers in the

state to do the same thing.

Thcsc problems of prepara-

tion of the soil, inoculation,

curly or lutc sowing and

with or without a nurse

crop, the use of lime, ctc.,

:ll'c all problems which must





great forage crop becomes

as universally successful in-

Michigan as those who ap-

preciate its value would like

to see it, and by experi-

menting a little on our own

account and reporting our

sucwss or failure thru the

columns of the Michigan Farmer, we

can maicrially hasten the day of their

general and satisfactory solution.



The Fall Seeding of Clever.



I have a field in beans that I want'to

put into ryc. Can I seed it this fall to

clovcr and timothy? It is sand loam.

lVilI the clovcr live? I used fertilizer on

the ground with bonus. How much rye

onzlhsccd should i use to get a good

t'il (‘ . .



’l‘uscolu (‘o. H. E. HERDER,



The fall seeding; of clover is a very

uncertain proposition in Michigan. There

are a few farmers who advocate the plan

and seem to have. fairly good success

with it. The, most enthusiastic advocate

of fall seeding of clover that we know of





is a prominent Van Buren county farmer
I





 





 





V 38 .A ‘ ('2)





'who seeds in rye, sowing the crop early





and using onlyone peek of seed per acre.

Byvthis plan he has secured uniformly

good results in getting a catch of clover,

and by sowing the grain early on’a well

prepared seed bed ‘it has tillered or stooled

out so that he has secured good average

crops of rye from this small amount of

seed. However, within the writer's ex-

perience or observation the fall seeding

of clover has succeeded in making a stand

only occasionally. We have never tried

seeding clover in the fall with a. thin

seeding of rye as noted above, but be-

lieve it would be far more. certain of

success than fall seeding in a thick

stand of grain. '

Seeding Muck Land.





I have fifteen acres of muck land which

I think could be got ready for rye.

Would it be better to wait and sow it to

barley in spring? I want to seed it in

the spring. Please advise me.



Eaton Co. S. F.





'Muck land contains a relatively large

proportion of available nitrogen, which

would be liable to cause such a heaVy

growth of rye straw that the seeding

-would have less chance than with a crop

like barley with a shorter, lighter straw.

If the land is prepared this fall, and

seeded with barley in the spring the

chance of getting a good seeding would

seem better than with rye for this

reason.

Applying Muck to Sandy Land.





Would it pay to haul muck on sand

and gravel soil?



Branch Co. C. EWERS.



Muck contains considerable nitrogen





and vegetable matter, and if weathered

before applying to sandy land will prove

of some benefit. Where the muck has

to be moved for some other purpose it

will pay to apply it to this kind of land,

and where it is composted with other

material it makes a valuable fertilizer,

but it is doubtful if it will pay to draw

raw muck on sandy land with labor

which must be charged against the farm

or which could be employed profitably

in other ways. “'here men and teams

would lie idle if not thus engaged, it

might be made profitable.





 





 





THE IMPORTANCE OF PROPER REIN-

FORCEMENTS IN CONCRETE

STRUCTURES.



Concrete, on account of its durability

and low cost, is a very desirable building

material on the farm, when properly

used. On the other hand, when improp-

erly used, it is a most undesirable ma-

terial.



The greatest difficulty met with in the

use of this material, by the inexperienced,

is the prevention of cracks, which are

detrimental to the structure and which

make it lOok bad. These cracks are

caused by the shrinkage of the concrete

when hardening in air, variations of

temperature and uneven settlement.



Tests show that a I to 3 cement mortar

will shrink one—tenth of 1 per cent when

hardening in air. The few tests available

show that concrete does not shrink as

much as mortar but it may be reason-

ably expected that it will shrink in pro-

portion to the amount of cement used

per unit of volume. 'That is, if we had

a mix of one part cement to six parts

sand and gravel the shrinkage would be

half as much as a 1 to 3 mortar, or one—

twentieth of 1 per cent. In a wall 100

feet long the shrinkage would be one

two-thousandth of 100 feet, or 1,200

incheS. This Would equal .6 of an

inch. When the concrete in this wall

is hardening it has very little tensile

strength and cracks must open up at

the weakest points to make up this .6

of an inch shrinkage,



Concrete properly reinforced can be

made to stretch .18 of 1 per cent, with-

out producing cracks. Then it is easy

to see that concrete, with the proper

amount of reinforcement in it, will

stretch sufficiently to make up for the

shrinkage. The steel renforc-unent has

equal “tensile strength thruout the length

of the wall, and each inch of wall is

made to stretch a very small amount,

the total sum of these small amounts

being more than sufficient to take up the

shrinkage. The steel rods make the con—

crete a great deal more elastic, that is,

it is capable of being distorted a great

deal more, Without producing cracks, due

to the distortion being distributed over

a considerable area of the wall by the

steel rods. The wall can settle unevenly

to a certain extent the the tendency of

a well reinforced wall is to settle as a

Whole, instead of any one part settling

more than another. The wall, likewise.

will be elastic enough to take care of any

expansiOn or contraction due to variation

of temperature.





 





 





. ’ ' I



That concrete structures can be built

and kept intact by the proper use ‘of

steel rods is no, longer a. question but an

established fact, and according to the

best engineering practice, all concrete

aboveground is reinforced to prevent

cracking, due to the various causes men-

tioned. '



This reinforcement for the prevention

of cracks is but one of, the important

uses of steel in concrete structures.

There is another more important use,

and that is, in those structural forms in

which both tension and compression ex-

ist, as in all forms of beams. Before dis-

cussing this kind of reinforcement it will

be well to consider some of the properties

of steel and of concrete separately and

in combination.





Concrete and steel in combination con-

stitutes a form of construction posses-

sing nealy all of the advantages of both

materials without their disadvantages.

Steel is a material possessing high ten-

sile strength but is not durable, in some

localities. Concrete is characterized by

low tensile strength, high compressive

strength and great durability. It is a.

good fire proof material and therefore is

a good fire proof covering for steel. It

is also true that steel well covered with

concrete will not rust. By the proper

combination of these materials, beams

can be made that are very economical.

To obtain maximum strength for a given

size of beam and percentage of rein-

forcement it is essential that, the steel

be placed as near the bottom of the, beam

as possible and still have sufficient cov-

ering for it. The strength of a rein-

forced concrete beam is proportional to

the depth from the top of the beam to

the center line of the steel, just as the

strength of a wooden beam is propor-

tional‘to its depth.



Maximum economy is attained when

there is just steel enough to develop the

compressive strength of the concrete. A

surplus of either steel or concrete is a

waste of material. To be able to pro-

portion a beam correctly to carry a given

load requires a there knowledge of the

theory of reinforced concrete beams

which is very complicated and none but

those possessing this knowledge should

attempt the design of structures in which

the beam theory applies. And this is

especially true where the lives of people

depend upon the safety of the structure.

There is no question but what these

structures can be extensively used on

the farm, but whenever a farmer desires

to build a reinforced concrete structure

he should have a competent engineer

prepare a set of plans for him. If the

structure is built in accordance with such

plans it will cost less ultimately than if

he designed it himself or any other in:

competent person designed it, and the

owner can rest assured that it will be a

safe and permanent structure.



A great many structures on the farm,

such as tanks, silos, etc., are built of

heavy walls, 8 inches thick, and some

thicker, some are reinforced with a few

smooth wires and some have no rein-

forcement in them at all. It may be

said of these structures that some have

stood all right, but many have not, and

invariably when they have not the ce-

ment has been blamed for it, rather than

the incompetency of the one who

planned it.



A great deal of literature on the sub-

ject of concrete may be had for the ask-

ing, in which readers are told that any

one that can mix mortar can build a.

concrete structure. They are also told

that by the use of a few wires certain

ends can be attained. It is not putting

it too strong to say that there is no one

who does not understand the properties

of steel and of concrete and their rela-

tions to one another when used in com-

bnation, can design or plan a structure

that will be a success, let alone econ-

omica‘l.



Smooth wire for reinforcement, when

enough of it is used, may be all right in

some cases, but the chances are against

it. In the first place, it is hard to keep

it in place while concreting, and in the

second place it will slip before it is

stressed very high. There are manufac-

turing companies who manufacture wire

for reinforcing concrete. This wire has

electrically welded cross wires on it that

prevent it from slipping. There are also

many types of steel rods rolled purposely

for reinforcing concrete. Some of these

have corrugations on them and some are

square twisted rods. All are well adapt-

ed to the purpose and none of them will

slip in the concrete. Railroads and other

industral corporations are using this class

of reinforcement exclusively in their con-

crete work because it is economical and»





efl‘lcie‘nt and for this same reasbn it

should be used." in farm structures built

of concrete. ,_ .



It is to be hoped that reinforced con-

crete will be more extensively used on





the farm, but it will'not be successfully





used in the same sense that municipali-





'ties, railroads and other industrial con-





cerns are now using it until tile farmer

does as they are doing, namely, employ-

ing experienced engineers and architects

in reinforced concrete to give them the

necessary information and plans. This

will cost something but the cost will be

trivial compared to the saving, even on

small structures that experts in this line

can effect.

Jackson Co. J. F. HAHN, C. E.

HARVESTING THE FIRST CUTTING

' OF ALFALFA.





 





Having secured my first cutting of

alfalfa for this season, which is the first

cuttingfor this seeding, which Was sown

last August as I stated in a former

article, I will give my experience. The

field contains about nine acres of rolling,

variable soil, ranging from heavy clay

to light sand. There was a good stand

over most of the field, but quite a differ-

ence in the yield of the hay. We esti-

mate the crop at about eleven tons.



When the Crop Should Be Out.



We began cutting the 18th and fln~

ished the 24th of June. This, I think,

was about the right time. Some of the

farm journals advise cutting when in

full bloom, but in a cold, wet season in

this part of Michigan it never gets in full

bloom. The time to cut alfalfa, in my

opinion, is just as soon as the next

growth starts. Examine the plant at

the crown and when the young sprouts

begin to ShOVV, cut it, bloom or no bloom.

If it is cut before this time it will start

slow and other plants will get the start

of it. If out after the young growth gets

high enough the new shoots will be cut

off and that also puts back the second

growth; but if cut at just the right time

the second crop comes very fast and

keeps back everything else. 011 that

part of the field cut the 18th the plants

now stand from 2 to 8 inches high,

(July 1).



Hay Caps Prevent Damage from Shower.



It was from six to eight days from the

time we cut the hay till we had it in the

barn. It got one good shOWer on it but

it was bunched and capped, so it was

not hurt. We let the hay wilt nicely

and then rake and put into cocks and

cover with hay caps and let stand until

it sweats out a little, then open out for

a short time and it is ready for the barn.

This brings it in with the leaves all on

and makes the best of hay.



Yes, it is a lot of bother, but they tell

us that a ton of alfalfa well curled is

worth as much as a ton of wheat bran,

and if it is it will pay to take a lot of

pains in curing it. I believe it Will pay

to use hay caps in curing clover as well

as alfalfa.



How the Caps are Made.



Get 40-inch factory and tear into

squares. Get strong linen cord such as

the hardware merchants keep. Tie a

half-pound weight to each corner and

they are ready for use. To make weights

mix sand and cement equal parts. Get

pasteboard egg fillers, fill these with the

mortar and stick a fence staple in each

one, leaving just room enough to run

a string thru, and let dry. This makes

about the right heft weight. Turn over

the corner of the cap so as to make them

double at this point, draw the cord

thru with large sacking needle, run both

ends thru the staple and tie so the cord

will be double, leaving the weight about

2 to 4 inches from the corner of the cap.

These caps cost about 12 cents apiece

and it is amazing how they will run

the water off a bay cock.





Try a few and next year you will want





a lot of them.





Oakland CO. C. R. COOK.





AFTER 'HAYING—WHAT THEN?





 





' Many are the day dreams of the enter-

prising farmer who ponders long and

deeply over what his work shall be after

the busy rush of haying and harvesting.

He looks with eager anticipation toward

some long cherished projectwit may be

great or small, from taking a trip to

Europe to swapping horses with neighbor

Jones Who lives just over the hill. What-





ever his successes or failures have been

his hopes are centered on the immediate

future when, relieved from the pressure

of ardent toil, he can turn to something

a little out of the regular routine of farm

work. So much for the dreamer, but





. “ JUL: 171909





thebattle is to the active; the am...

the vigilant." ‘

tical man'to win'the game and eyen he

can carry out only a small part of his

plans.



At this time of the year one can deter-

mine with considerable accuracy as to

what is going to be the result of the

year’s work. With the hay and grain

mostly harvested and other crops well

along in their growth, the rest of the

story is largely a matter of speculation.





Let us now take a. retrospective view of .





affairs in general. If the crops have

failed we ought to know the reason why

or if they have been abundant we should

likewise know the reasons thereof.. If the

wheat failed it was probably due to

either lack of fertilty or want of proper

drainage more than to weather condi-





tions. - Why not think over these things





while the failure is yet fresh in mind?



The dry weather peculiar to this sea-

son is quite favorable for many kinds of

work. In fact, a greater part of farm

labor can best be done while the weather

is dry. If the manure was not all hauled

out in the spring now is a splendid time

to spread it over the parched meadow or

prospective 'w‘heatfleld. New buildings

and repairs are in order. The highways

are usually in good condition; 'there is

an opportunity to haul the lumber, ce-

ment or stone, or any other kind of

building material while the brief lull in

farm operations affords time for doing

and supervising the work.



Does the well need cleaning, or a new

pump? Are the drains clogged at the

mouth, or any filth in the cellar or other

out of the way. places to menace the

health and convenience? If so, attention

to them is imperative.



Very likely the stock will need more

attention, the animals may be uneasy,

getting out of their lots if the fences

haVe been neglected. The latter will

surely have a practical test when the

feed gets short.’ Some re-arranging of

the sheep is almost imperative especially

if the flock is large; there will be the

early lambs to wean, some of the inferior

sheep will bcgin to look run down and

some 'internal parasite may get in its

work to greatly depreciate the value of

the sheep, if nothing worse. If nothing





more is done than putting the afflcted‘





ones in a place by themselves where the

pasture is better, it will be quite an im-

provement. ‘



Preparation for the wheat ground will

soon be in order, and tho the ground may

be very hard to plow it can be materially

improved by running over with a disc

narrow, not only to mellow the soil but

to retain the moisture so that it will not

bake should rain fail to come as needed.



Last, but not least, I would mention

the farmer’s needed vacation. “But I

have no time for vacation,” says the

average tiller of the soil. Yes, and per-

haps he doesn't have time to eat, but

he does it just the same. Taking time

for vacation is largely a matter of habit

but if we can really enjoy it there is no

question as to value. It doesn’t neces-

sarily mean taking a trip abroad or even

leaving home for any length of time; but

anything that temporarily relieves the

pressure of dull care is, in the truest

sense, a recreation. The man who has

a. hobby, apart from his daily work, be it

books, music, hunting or anything else,

is the one whom you may expect to keep

young the longest, even if his business

cares are ever so great.



Ohio. H. E. WHITE.

Send for “The Water-Way" March and



Two-Step.



The D. & C. Lake Lines have just

published a march and two—step written

by Harry H. Zickel, composer of the

popular “Jolly Student," "Black Ameri-

ca,” “Ford” and other very successful

selections. This composition, which was

expressly written for the D. & C. Lake

Lines, is full of life and action, and so

catchy that is bound to be the popu-

lar success of the season. You will hear

it everywhere. Everybody will whistle

the tune. Get your copy first. Mailed to

any address for only five 2-cent stamps.





Address Detroit & Cleveland Navi tion

00., Dept. W.. Detroit, Mich. ga





.____._____,_. ..

One Man Does It All.





A_man and a horse with an Ertel

“Dalsy” hay press can bale a ton an

hour. Just think of the advantages. No

big baling crew to feed. You do the bal—

mg In spare time from regular work.

Cost of baling is reduced to forty cents

a ton. Automatic self-feed and wonder—

ful but simple self-threader have put the

work in the range of one man. This is

the greatest advance yet scored. You

ought to read the enthusiastic endorse-

ment of those who used the, “Daisy"

press last season. Better write today to

George Ertel Company, Quincy. Ill., and

tell them you want to know more about





the hay press advertised in the Michigan





Farmer. They will send you their "Baler

Book” free. A postal will 60. '





Hgnce, ,it takes the" pracg’





 





 





"it .......,,......- u... a,
' JUL? .17, 1969.





r





YY'YVYYV/YVTYYYVVVYYVVW





 





 





.‘.-..-





LIVE 51‘0ch





,STORY OF THE BREEDS.

The Hereford Cattle.



It is generally known to stockmen that

the Hereford cattle originated in Here-

fordshire, an inland county situated in

the west of England, bordering on Wales,

and about 130 miles northwest of Lon-

don. The whole of the county is in the

basin of the Severn and is watered by

the river Wye, with its afl‘iuents, the

Lugg, the Arron and the Teme. The

climate varies with the elevation and ex-

posure, but is on the whole, exceedingly

healthy. The soil is for the most part

a' deep, heavy red loam which produces

great crops of grain, chiefly wheat, and

is highly favorable for the growth of

trees. Oaks, and other forest trees

abound, apple trees grow well, orchards

are numerous, and cider is made in large

quantities. Sheep, cattle, and horses are

extensively raised. Except in the city

of Hereford, agriculture is the chief em-

ployment of the inhabitants. Hereford-

shire was conquered by the Romans in

A. D. 73, and at a later period was for a.

long time the scene of frequent contests,

or battle ground between the English

and the Welsh. Hereford, the capital of

the. county, is a city of over 18,000 inhab-

itants and makes a good market place

for the disposal of agricultural products.

Five annual fairs are held, the largest,

and most important in October for the

(xhibition Of cattle and cheese.



The improvement of the native cattle

began about the same time with the

improvement of the Durhams, or Short-

horn cattle. While the Dobisons, Col-

lings, Bates’, and Booths were pa—

tiently engaged in the slow and toilsome

process of incrcasng the size, and mold-

ing the forms of the Shorthorns into

shapes of beauty and usdulness, the

Skudmores, Tompkins’, Galiers’, and

Prices Were as faithfully at work im-

proving and perfecting the Herefords,

which were destined to be the chief rivals

of the Shorthm-ns as a beef breed. It

has been asserttd that the Hereford, like

the $horthorn, was formed, or modified,

by a mixture of cattle from the conti-

nent. Thomas A. Knight relates that

Lord Skudmore, previous to 1671 intro-

duced into the county of Hereford from

Flanders a number of cattle with white

fact-S, and it was to this importation that

Mr. Knight attributes the supreme qual-

ities of the breed. Marshall, who saw

the cattle in 1788, or more than a hund-

rcd years after the admixture with the

imported cattle, describes their colors as

“a middle red, with a bald white face,

the latter being deemed characteristic.

of the true Hereford breec.” Duncomb,

another writer says: “The prevailing

color was reddish brown, with white

face. ” Mr. J. H. Sanders in his book,

“The Breeds of Live Stock," says: “The

white face, with more or less white on

the top line—especially from the shoul-

ders forward, and also on the belly, the

remainder of the body being covered

with a heavy growth of red hair varying

from a pale, to a deep red, and frequently

quite ('ufly, 1'i-liltllnS today, as it was 21

hundred years ago, a. characteristic of

the breed.”



McDonald and Sinclair, in their history

of lltrcford cattle, say: “The main ob—

ject of these old breeders sccms to have





>

y

i

h.»





 





 





been at least in the beginning of their

operations——to rear large, heavy cattle

that after having been Worked in tho





plow, and having taken an equal sham

in the harvest, would bring a good price

from the grazerics of the, midland coun—

tics who assembled in large numbers at

the Iiereford October fair. l'iy them

they were purchased with a view of being

fattencd for the butcher, or perfected

for the London market.” Benjamin

Tompkins, who was born in 174:3, has

sometimes been called the founder of the

licrcford breed; but thc fact is that his

grandfather, who died in 1723, was a

famous breeder of cattle, as was also his

father, Benjamin Tompkins, S12, who

was the neighbor and contemporary of

\Villiam (lailicrs, another noted breeder

of Herefords. There were three genera-

tion of the, Tompkins family at work im—

proving tho same stock for many years.



Mr. G. \V. Curtis in his book, says of

Renjgunin Tompkins, Jr.: “He. came

from a. line of ancestors who were prom-

inent men of the county of Hereford, as

cattle breeders, and many Of them WW6

prominent men of the nation. 'He died

in 1815, and when his herd was sold a.

few years later, 15 cows brot an average





‘ .

barriers





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





of $750'each, the 15 bringing $11,245.

Four bulls brot an average of $1,335 each.

Two yearling heifers brot $390-each.



After Lord Skudmore, who introduced

the white faced cattle from Flanders,

the men who deserve the ma ; credit for

the formation of the Hereford breed are

the Tompkins’, Gallicrs’, Tully, Skyrene,

Haywood, chmans, and Price. About

the year 1800, and for a period of about

30 years afterwards, the strife between

the breeders of Shorthorns and Here—

fords was vigorous, and challenges to

each other by the owners of the rival

stock for competitive exhibitions were

frequent, and victory did not incline to

either side. After that for about 40

years, the backers of the Herefords ap—

pear to have voluntarily retired from the

field. It is said that the general adoption

into their herds of the Shorthorns by the

aristocracy of Great Britain about this

time was a great triumph for the Short-

horns, as it furnished a wonderful, effect.

he, and widespread advertisement of the

stock, and made them the fashionable

cattle for a long time afterwards.



It is said by some, that the great pop-

ularity of the Shorthorns at that time

caused a. degeneracy of the breed, the

demand for the stock bring so great that





every animal with four legs, and two

horns, whether good or bad, could be





sold at a round price to be bred from

by the buyer, and the progeny sold to

somebody else to be further degenerated.

There may have been some truth in this,

but there have always been some care-

ful, conscientious Vbrccders who have

maintained the quality of their herds up

to the full standard of old time excel—

lence, if they have not, in fact, improved

upon it.



On the other hand, the. Hereford breed-

crs not having,r the temptation of so great

a demand and such high prices for their

stock were content to breed only from

the best, and \verc compelled by the

situation to evil for purpOSt-s,

only those that were good,



The first importation of I'lercfords into

the t'niti‘d States of which we have any

account, was made in 1517 by Henry

(‘lay, the distinguished orator and states-

man of Kentucky, and it is a remarkable

coincidence, that they were brot over at

the same title, and in the same ship

which brot the first Shorthorns. The

rival cattle having struggled long for the

championship of England, were. deter—

miird to light for the supremacy in

America. The I-Ierefords did not imme-

diately become popular bore, and it was

not until 1123 years ago that their excel—

lent growing qualities began to be appro-

ciatcd and a great demand sprung up to





invading





('l‘OSs with native EtOLli on the great

western plains.

Pennsylvania. J. W. INGIIAM.





SUMMER TROUBLES WITH THE

PIGS.



No other animal on the farm has been

so “long-suffering” from its various

alllictions, with but little effort on the

part of the owners to secure relief, as the

hog. It seems as tho the veterinarians

Were slow to see the necessity for a care-

ful study of the, pig and his diseases.

They have enjoyed the study of horses,

cattle, sheep and (loss and poul—

try, but seemed to have a special dislike

for the hog.



We are aware that one of the great

that has prevented fax-men

from doctoring the hogs, has lwt‘n the

difficulty they expcricncc in administer-

ing the rcnn-dies. Some are not re—

sourcful in devising ways in which the.





«\‘t'll





remedies that suggest themselves as

proper, can be no d to advantage. In





my own cxpcricnce, l have not found

it much more difficult to doctor the pigs

than the other classes of stock. I tried

to keep the pigs tame, which was a great-

advantage. There is one advantage in

doctoring thc iii-gs: they either get well

or die soon after you begin. if there is

a fair show the hogr has vitality suffi—

cient to enable. him to recover, and not

mono and die in spite of good care and

treatment, as is the case with some

other stock.

HOg Lice.



External parasites are annoying and

prevent pigs from doing well. If the

pigs do not seem to be doing well it is a.

good plan to look [for evidences of lice.

In some cases it is difficult to detect

the lice. as they sewm to keep covered.

Look on the 'hair back of the cars. If

the color of the hair is dark, and if there

are white specks there about the size of

timothy seeds, you can rest assured that

they are nits, and there are lice on the

llng that produces them.





One of the safest and surest remedies

I ever found for lice, is to take‘ equal

parts of kerosene and lard oil and brush

it into the hair all over the body. He-

peat in about a week and there will not

be any more lice or nits on the hog

treated, but there should be a ”10m

cleansing of the nests. Take all the

nests out and burn them and apply with

a spray pump or sprinkler to the sides

of the pens and floor, a strong solution

of carbolic acid. One ounce of the acid





to two gallons of water is a good disin-.





fectant. For hog lice in the pens it may

be well to make it twice as strong, us-

ing an ounce to a gallon of water.



If one does not like to use the.oil on

the hogs, he can get at the drug store

4 ozs. of Stavesacre chd, and 1 oz. of

\Vhite Hellebore, and put in a gallon of

water. Boil or simmer it down to two

quarts, and apply with a brush. This

mixture 'will kill both lice and nits 0n

the hogs. The pens must be disinfected

or there. will be a return of lice from

pens to the hogs.



Mange or itch.



\Vhat is usually called mange is not

as prevalent as in former years. People

have learned that such diseases are con~

tagious, and can be controlled by treat—

ment with simple remedies. The first,

thing is to get rid of it, and kccp rid

of it, by avoiding the hogs on the. farm

coming in contact with those that roam

at will,



The mange is caused by a little insect

that burrows under the skin and pro-

duces pimples and blotchcs that are most

rcadily seen between the fore legs and

under the thighs. A. good way to treat

it is to rub soft soap all (I\'t-I‘ the body.

In an hour or two, wash it off with

warm soft water. “'hcn the hog is dry,

take flour of sulphur, 4 02s., oil of tur-

pcntimv, 1 oz., lard, R 02s., mix thoroly

and rub all over the surface of the body.

liisinl‘cct the pens, rubbing places with

strong solution of carbolic acid,



internal Parasites.



The hog is probably troubled with more

internal parasites than any other animal,

and stands up under them Without being

killed by tin-m, except in rare cases. Ab—

normal appetite, and troubles we call

indigestion followed by diarrhoea, are

usually caUScd by worms. There is the

thread worms, another six or seven

inchcs long, about the size of a, goose

quill, and, is sometimes white and some—

times of a brownish color. Tthe are

s4 en when the hogs run to grass. There

are two other Worms that live in the in-

testines; one a white, slender worm

:-bout three, inches long, and about the

sin; of a knitting nccdle, the other less

than an inch long, and shaped like a.

t;ul]mlo_



The, farmer‘s main remedy for the

\vorn'is is aslus and salt mixed with the

feed, and giving coppcras water in the

drink. (inc of the most effectual rcmcdi< s

is santonin or worm seed. For a hog

weighing 1:70 lbs. give one—third of a

teaspoonful, morning and evening, for

three days, and follow with a brisk

cathartic.



Another good remedy is to g‘vc to a

300 lb. hog a teaspm’mful of ('n]lpt':‘:ls,

together with from 6 to 10 drops of tinc-

ture of mix vomica for three successive

mornings, then follow with physic. The

medicine can be given in a little drink

an hour before the regular morning meal,

to give it a chance at the worms before

they get ally feed.



(me grtat trouble with giving to the

farmcrs an effectual remedy, like, the

last one, to give the hogs, is the lack of

discriminating between the sizes of hops,

as tiny are prone to give to little, and

big alike; and what is a medical dose

for a mature hog, might destroy a small

pig. 1 have usually said, “give such

only umbr the, direction of a physician

or :1 competent \‘ltcrinary surgeon." A

brei-der of pure-bred pigs can afford to

familiar with the proper doses

of all sizes, and cannot afford

to take, any chances of overdosing.



Kidney Worms.



There is a class of worms that got

into and burrow in the flesh, mostly at

the loin. The name of “kidney worm”

is gencrally given to such: but the kid—

ncy is not often affected. \thn afflicted

with those posts, the hog goes down on

his hind feet, and is almost as helplessl

as tho the back were broken. The rem-l

cdy in such cases is to rub turpentine

on the loin. A tablespoonful rubde on

the surface once or twice per day will

cause the worms to leave that part of

the body. For an internal remedy take

of sulphate of iron (Copperas) one tea-

spoonful, floor of sulphur, a teaspoonful,





llt‘f‘tllllt‘





lltll‘ ling,“





and mix and feed at night for three suc- ‘1





<3) 39





 





Horse Owners





Look to your interests and use

the safest, speediest and most

positive cure for ailments of

your horses, for which an ex-

ternal remedy can be used, viz:





GOMBAULT’S

CAUSTIC BALSAM





Prepared exclusively

V J. E. Gombault. ex-

eterinar Surgeon to

$26 Frenc Government

u .





   

 

 

 





SUPERSEDES All. CAUTERY 0R FIRING.





Impossible to produce any scar or blemish.

The safest best Blister ever used. Takes the



lace of all liniments for mild or severe action.

Removes all Bunches or Blemishes from Horael

or Cattle.



Every bottle of Can-tic Balsam sold is

Warranted to give satisfaction. Price 31.50

per bottle. Sold by dru gists or sent by ex-

press. charges paid. with uli directions for it!

use. Semi for descriptive circulars. testimo—

nials. etc. Address





Till LAWRENCE-WILLIAIS COIPANY, Clovelund, Ohio





 





 





 





 





MINERAL

-. ' ' HEAVE

REMEDY





 

   

   

   





Your Horse , _. . ‘

Se’nd to Clay 3 PACKAGE

or on y 3

PERMANENT will cure any case or

money refunded.

BURE $| PACKAGE -

cures ordinary cases.





   





, Postpaid on receipt of

SAFE . price. Agents Wanted.

CERTAIN. ' Write for descriptive booklet.





Mineral item lie~medy 00.. 483 fourth Av... Pittsburg. PI.





   





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





 





5m





Positively cured by Bickmore’s Gall Cure. Also

Harness Galls Cuts. and Sores on horses

I 41?"! and cattle. Guaranteed

“ ‘7‘“ J; good for man and beast.

, ~. , Sample Freewd newhorse



book for ac to cover postage and





l .

“demons out cuss co.

x am am town. MAINE





 





 





 





 

 





     

 





 

 





 





MILK FROM COWS 1

WORK FROM HORSES °





MOR





Why buy feed and let flies rob your profits

Keep fliel off your stock and they'll take on flesh. Oows

give 36 more & richer milk, and horacl do more and. boner

work on lean feed. Animals pestered by file! on" disc“

food. Shoo-Fly keeps all files A; insects in palture long-

or than any imitation. Protect your stock. by upraying





Shoo/'7





 





Kill. every fly it. rtrilol! $49. worth love! 8 qla. mill.

1 gal. protects 3 animals a. season. Cures all lore», and

preventl infection. H0113 from bottom without scab.

Prevents itching. Nothing better for gulls. Used by

leading veterinarians and dairynien since 1885. Write

for testimonials. Kill: lice and mites wherewr sprayed.



Accept no lubntitute. If your dealer hasn't it. send his

name and $1, Ind we'll lend enough Shoo-Fly to protect

3 animals 30 dnys and improved S-tubo gravity sprayer.

Name Exp. oflice. 01 refunded if animals not protected.

Shoo-Fly Mfg.(}o.. I 332 N. 10th St.,Phlla..l’a.

Agents wanted everywhere. Special terms. Write today.





 





Editor Known 1mm experience Shoo-Ely in 0. K.





MILK OIL DIP





Oldest and Best American Dip ’

Equally Good for All Animals

Kills all insects and disease germs:

iinprovesvcondition. Cal. can. 81.





 





 

 





 





   





Our line includes Cooper’s Dips and

Tree Sprays. Dipping Tanks, Summer's

\Vonn Powders, Toxaline Worm Rem-

edy, Ear Labels and Buttons. Branding

Liquid, Tattoo Marker, Sheep Shears.

etc. Catalog of Stockmen’s Supplies free.





 

   

   





 





   





F. S. Burch & Co., l771llinois St., Chicago





 

   





 





Shoe Bails, Capped

Hock, Bursitis

are hard to cure. yet





ABSORBINE





§ ‘\_\

will remove them and leave no blem- ,\ \\

lain, .Does not bllstor or remove

the ._&ll‘. (lures any Duff or swelling. Horse can

be worked. $2.00 per bottle.delivered.Book 6 D tree.

ABSORBINE. JR-, (mankind, $1.00 bottle.)

FonBoxls. Bruises. 01d Sores. Swelliugs. Goitre.

Varicose Veins, Varicosities. Alleys Pain.

W. F. YOUNG. P.D.F.. 268 Temple SL. Sprlnallcld. Hall.





writing to advertisers just so. "So.

WHEN your ad. in the Michigan Fowler."





 





thew





ll»
40 (4)"

cessive evenings. This is a dime for a

hog weighing from 200 to 300 lbs.



If preventative remedies such as char—

coal, wood ashes, lime and copperas were

used more in the summer time, it would

be a great saving in feed. The follow-

ing is a good formula: charcoal, one

bushel, hardwood ashes, one peck, salt,

3 lbs., air slacked lime, 1 quart. Dis-

solve lé lb. of copperas in hot water and

thoroly mix all the ingredients together,

keep inside and give the pigs just what

they will eat of it each day.



Wayne Co. N. A. CLAPI’.





 





BEET-TOPS INJURE STOCK.





 





Mr. Lillie, in reply to a question re-

garding beet-tops Said last winter that

he considered them of equal value with

good corn silage.



I have fed them now for six seasons

and am convinced that they are a posi-

tive injury to stock. So I sound this note

of warning that others will consider be—

fore sustaining as heavy losses as I

have.



For five winters, I put the tops in a

silo and fed them as a succulent food all

winter. Last fall, I put corn in my silo

and wishing not to open it till cold

weather, I fed beet—tops, all the fall, and

as I had lots of tops fed the cows and

sheep all they wanted.



They enjoyed the tops and ate large

quantities. It increased the flow of milk,

even causing a shrinkage when I changed

on to the corn silage. Another result

was that the cows and sheep drank a

great deal of water and the urination

was so excessive that the gutter behind

the cows- would be overflowing every

morning and I could not bed the sheep

to keep them dry.



In my flock of sheep I have had heavy

losses, last year amounting to nearly

half. And my cows have not done as

well as they should with the care and

fccd given. Not till last fall, however,

did I suspect the cause to be the tops,

when the thirst and urinating became so

abnormal on account of the generous

feeding.



After losing a number last winter, I

took one out to the bacteriological de-

partment at M. A. C., Where Dr. Geltner

dissected it in my presence. There were

some parasites but not enough to cause

death or even ill health. “Death,” he

said, “was caused by diseased kidneys.

Also the duct to the bladder was closed

with a limy deposit.”



, Dr. Gcltner told of the loss of sheep by

feeding mangel-l.)eets, because of the

salts in them. The reason the sugar

companies do not want the tops of the

beets is because they contain an exces-

sive amount of mineral salts.



The lwct—tops, thcrcforc, containing so

much more of the suits, are more apt to

affect the animals.



Later in the winter I dissected a num-

ber of the sheep and found the same dis-

cased conditions of kidney and bladder

but no othcr indications of disease. So

I am thmoly convinced that beet-tops

ore injurious to stock. I have a large

crop of beets this year but shall not feed

any tops.



Ingham Co. F. M. STOCKMAN.





YYYYYYVVY‘YYYYVVYYYVYYVVY





E VETERINARY 1





MW MW“





CONDUCTED BY DR. W. C. FAIR,

CLEVELAND OHIO.





 





Y





 





 





 





Advice thru this department is free to

our subscribers. Each communication

should state history and symptoms of the

case in full; also name and address of

writer. Initials only will be published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to some one else.





 





Round Worms—Mare has not been

thriving very well for some time. Lately

she has passed some long round worms,

some of them are fifteen inches long.

She has been bred this spring and is

perhaps safely in foal. \V. B. G., Gaines,

Mich—Give 1/; dr. santonine, 20 grains

cz‘ulomel and 4 drs. aloes once a week, for

.‘l weeks. Also give 1/2 oz. ground gen-

linn. 2 drs, quassia and 3 drs, powdered

cinehona at a dese in feed twice a day

fir 10 days or more.



Intestinal \Vorms.-~I have 6 Chester

White pigs eight weeks old which com-

menced some two weeks ago to act as

tho something was irritating them.

Thinking the trouble chicken lice I

washed them with kemsene emulsion,

but this offered no relief. They com-

menced by running and squealing and

shaking their heads and feet; now they

appear in pain at times, squeal, rub their

bellies on the ground, roll over and ap-

pear weak after they get over :1 Sick

spell. They have not been weaned and

are fed some corn and middlings. They

did well up to lately: now they stand

still and don'tgrow. R. H. J.. Benzonia,





a





i THE {MICHIGAN FARMER "





Mich.—-Give each little .pig lé teaspoonful

castor oil adding 10 drops turpentine once

a“week. Cook their food for a week or

ten days.



Barbed Wire Cut—Wart.——I have a 4-

year-old gelding that was badly cut on a

barbed wire fence last August; I applied

carbolic lotion and later put on iodoform

and borac acid and finally greased it a

few times. The wound healed but has not

haired over. A short time ago the scar

became sore, causing some lameness.

This same colt has kidney trouble. 1

also have a heifer that has a wart. E.

E. T_., White Cloud, Mich—You had bet-

ter apply equal

iodoform and borac acid to s0re twice a

day but before doing so burn it with hot

iron and this‘should be done twice a

week for two weeks. Cut the wart off

and apply Monsell‘s solution of iron once

a day; give 1/2 oz. powdered rosin daily

to stimulate the kidneys.





Acute Indigestion.-—Mare becomes sick

suddenly, bloats some, at which time

she must have sharp pain for she kicks

belly with hind foot; she also elevates

the upper lip and is very uneasy.

local Vet. treated her and she got well,

but takes sick every two or three weeks;

what can be done for her? C. R.,Breck-

enridge, Mich—Your mare suffers from

acute indigestion. A change of feed

might prevent any future sick spells.

Give 1/2 oz. ginger, 14 oz. gentian and 1/2

oz. bi-carbonate soda at a'dose in feed

twice a day.



Indigestion~Blood Poison—Mare plays

out easily. She is in bad condition. Her

shoulders swell in places and boils come

on top of neck which break and discharge





pus. She eats plenty of grain but does

not eat enough grass. W. M., Hart,

Mich.‘—Wash shoulders with salt and





water three times a day, put 1/. lb. sugar

of'lead, 1/. lb, sulfate zinc and 1,4 lb. alum

in a gallon of water and apply to neck

and shoulders 3 times a day-after using

the salt and water. Give 2 tablespoonfuls

sulfate soda at a dose in feed 3 times a

day; also give a' tablespoonful baking

soda twice daily.



Enlarged Throat Glands—The cow that

you prescribed for June 12, has improved

some and does not make any noise when

she breathes. Had I better continue the

same treatment for a while longer? C.

C, FL, Grass Center, Mich—Give 2 drs.

iodide potassium at a dose in feed night

and morning and apply iodine ointment

to throat once a day.



Acidity of the Stomacli.——My cows are

inclined to chew stones, barrel hoops and

most anything they can get hold of, there-

fore, I am anxious to do something for

them which will stop it. W. C., Owen-

dale, Mien—Your cows suffer from acid-

ity of the stomach. Give 1 oz. bi—car-

bonate soda, 1 oz. ginger and 1/2 oz. gen-

tiun at a dose to each cow twice a day;

salt them well.



Indigestion — Bruised Uddcrs. — Last

Monday evening when I milked my cow's

everything seemed to be all right about

them; in the morning three of them gave

very little milk and their udders seemed

to be bruised; a fluid like cider came

from the bruised quarters and not much

of it. T. Z., Marine City,. Mich—Your

cows must have eaten some poisonous

weeds or grasses or else bruised their





udders. Give each cow 1 lb. epsom salts,

one dose only; also give 1/2 oz. nitrate

potash at a dose twice daily. Apply

equal parts spirits camphor, tr. arnica,





extract witch-hazel and alcohol twice a

day, to bruised udders.



Cow Bitten by Mad Dt)g.-Cow' was bit-

lcn by a mad dog some six weeks ago.

“’0 washed the sore with ammonia right

away. so fill‘ she shows no signs of'hy-

drophobia. The milk has not been used





since the dog bit her. Now 1 should

like to know what to do. Could I find

out if she has been infected by having





milk examined? How will this cow

act if she does go mad? A neighbor’s

sow and seVernl dogs have gone mad

already; will I have to stand the loss if

she dies or will the state reimburse me?

14‘. C. G Brcedsville, Mich—A bacterio—

logist could not tell by looking at the

milk. Your cow should have gone mad

in 15 or 20 days; however, she might do

so at any time within Ell) days, and cases





hcr





arc reported later than that: how'cver.

most all animals which are infected

Show it in three weeks or less. Don't use





the milk for another month or six weeks,

then you can use it. The symp-

toms are nervousness, fever, loss of appe-





tite, some loss of voice, trouble to swal-

low, inclination to bite and run around

dclirious and fight other cattle, later





becoming weak and paralytic, then dies.

1 belich you must stand the loss; how-

cycr, :lSlx’ an attorney.



Infected Udder Rheumatism.—I have

a grade Jersey cow 8 years old, which

became very lame and weak about ten

days ago. She first began by giving

gargciy milk from one quarter of her

udder; a few days later she became so

weak that she, could scarcely get up alone

and was very stiff. Her flow of milk

nearly stopped. Our local Vet. prescribed

for her, gave her medicine and rubbed

an ointment on udder. She seems some

better now, her flow of milk iris in-

crcused. but she gives scarcely any milk

from the affected udder and is still very

lame. She was bred May 3rd, but is not

in calf. She is in rather poor condition

at present, in fact. she never was in-

clined to lay on flesh on account of being

a deep milker. I am somewhat inclined

to believe that she has a disease of the

womb, which is perhaps the cause of her

sickness. C, l6. G., Merle Beach, Mich.—

Your cow suffers from an infected udder

and perhaps septic infection on account

of not cleaning properly when she calved.

Give 3 drs. carbonate potash at a dose

three times a day: also apply iodine oint-

ment to udder twice a day. If you are

equipped with a suitable syringe wash

out diseased quarter of udder with one

part carbolic acid and fifty parts water;

also wash out womb daily with same lo—

tion, or open quarter with air pressure:

also give her 2 drs. iodide potassium at'

a dose night and morning.





 





parts powdered alumf





Our_





 





 





 





     





\





 





4-.





 

 





 





Some harness oils go into

a harness all right. but

come out almost as quickly





‘ . I

Harness Oil

has a way of staying

“put"--it goes into the

leather, fills every pore;

surrounds every fibre;

and resist: the action of

Wind and weather to dry

it out. “Eureka” Oil

gives a harness a fine,

glossy black look. Ask



your dealer for it.





STANDARD OIL COMPANY

(Incorporated)





 





Or Money Reminded.





NEWTON’S 4,

llenve. Oon%h and

Distemper nre.

1.00 per can It dealers.

or express‘rald. 18 years’

-. sale. Sen for booklet.

' Horse Troubles. ,

BY 00. Toledo Ohio.





 





 





 





Dr. Fair’s New





Worm Remedy,





For Horses





 





If you have never used Dr. Fslr’s New Worm

Remedy. send So for a 250 cox—12 doses.





60 Separate Doses iffu $1.00



DR. FAIR VETERINARY REMEDY 00..

W. O. FAIR, V. 5.



5712-1 4 Carnegie Ave.. Cleveland. 0.





 





 





 





 





 





l5 DAYS FREE TRIAL





fl‘





Pays for itself tint summer in healthier

and fatter flock, raving in feed, saving of

labor, etc. One filling luppliu 50 hop 2

days. No valves to clog. Never overflows.

Always lets down water as needed. Galvan-





   

     

 





 

 

 

   

 





ized steel. Lut- tor you". Write today ,

Ior booklet glvlnn construction, VALVELESS

louon Irom owners and FREE AUTOMATIC





 

   





STOCK rounTN





TRIAL orran.

Godz- Bros.





IrouRooring

Co. 0





     

 





102 Lee St.

Andarwn





man... It) , O _‘ "'

.i , .





BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY.

CATTLE.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS.





Herd headed by UNDULATA BLACKBIRD

1'1‘0 83836. one of the best sons of PRINCE [TO

50008. and Grand Champion Bull 3! the Detroit

and Grnnd Rapids Fain of 1W] and 1908. Herd con-

slats of Erlcaa. Blackbirds. Pridea, etc.

WOODCO'I‘E STOCK FARM. Ionlu. Mich.





. O buys registered Aberdeen Angus bull calves I

O s





 





 





 





 





 





 





IOO buys heifers and cows to start herds. l

Choice Polled Durhsms and Hampshire sheep for :

sale. CLOVER B. FARM, Pt. Austin, Mich.





LSTEI" BULLS FOR SALE—Two pure

"0 bred. handsome, registered

Holstein Bulls. one two years. other four months

old. No better: gentle; your chance to get choice

bull to head your herd. The bread for milk and but-

ter. This notice will not appear again. CALLAM

FARM, 304 Beau-Inger Bldg.. Saginaw. Mich.





' . ' HICKORY GROVE STOCK

"OISlIIII-FTIISIIHS. FARM. Owen TamPropl-letor.

B. 1. Oak Grove. Ialv. 00.. Michigan. Bell phone





MLSTEINFRIESIANS-$.:°3.§::y”i‘li.3::§::





Royal King. W. B. JONES.OskGr0ve.R. No.3.Mlcn.





—- fl b ll 1 l t d

BOLSTEINS $532 to“? man: Eff $8.358 35.2.).

I. M. SHORMAH. Fowlervllle. Mlch.





TOP NOTCH HOLSTEINS.





Top Notch registered young Holstein Bulls com-

bining in themselves the blood of cows which now

hold and have in the past held World’s Records for

mllk and butter-fat at fair prices.



McPHERSON FARMS 00.. Howell. Mich.





BOABDMAN STOCK FARM,



JACKSON, mm... [Holstein cattle.

Has more Imported Holstein-Frieslnn Cows

than any farm in the Middle West. Registered

BULL CALVEB of the most fashionable breeding. 30

fine, registered. Duroc J erley sows due to farrow soon.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





—B

H E R E F0 R D 5: to‘i‘i‘.i§.”lié‘o°§3'i£fifil





China hogs.





R. E. ALLEN. Paw Paw. Mich.





 





 





 





 





ERSEY Bull Calf born Feb. 9. ’09, first calf of r.

helfer whose dam gave 7344 lbs. of.mllk in '08.

She’s Dam’a record 10,060 lbs. in 101/2 months.

THE MURRAY-WATEBMAN 00.. Ann Arbor, Mich. -





 





 





 

 

 

 





 





   





Northern ,rown Jena ,3".

. ROYCROFI‘ Allll‘l..l§lllnaw.Mlc ,._ ,





Lillie Farmstead J erseys.

We luv. come splendid bull calves for sale from

one to slx month- old. They are from cows with

records of 800 to 425 pounds of butter last year.

Write for description and. prices.



COLON C. LILLIE. Cooper-ville. Mich.





lllil) Pom-:9 BULLS. tfifiifi‘kiifiné‘lfk‘l‘fé

sows. John Bauer a Son. Grand lodge. Michigan.

MARSTON FARM—JERSEY CATTLE.

'1'. F. MARS’I‘OH. Buy City. Micki-nu.

CHOICE JERSEYS- is: .Si-fsfitahfii‘iiz

CLARENCE BRISTOL. R. No. I. Fenton. Mich.





H EAVY MILKING SHOBTHORNS—Oan spare

a few fem-lea. Good notezc'good as cash.





 





 





 





 





 





J. B. HUMMEL, Mason. Mich. Phone.)

Owing to conditions

which mu ke It



- necessary for the





management to leave the State. the entire 0 alp-

mont of Francisco Farm must be sold. 30 rand

Shorthorn cows and heifers. mostly Young .Ph tam...

Young Marya and Lavinia; with two or three cotch

crosses, and a high class herd of P. C. swine are in the

offering. Come and see them and you will beaurprlsed

at the prices made. P. P. POPE. Mt. Pleasant. Mich.





J. a. must smell FlBI. smittNhi‘fifiz





Have some choice cows and boilers at right prices.

SHEEP.

ERDENHEIM FARM





$HROPSHIRES





mwm s. cranes, Owner.

Rams and Ewes for Sale.

WRITE FOR PRICES T0





ROBERT GROVES. Shepherd.

R. F. D. No. 3. Pontiac. Mich.





SNNOPSNIBE HALL STOGK FARM.





Will make special prices for thirty days. on ewes

from 1 to 3 years old. all bred to Imported Cooper.

and Manse" runs to lamb in March and April. also

on very choice ewe lambs. thla Is to make room for an

importation that I: going to arrive this spring.



L. S. DURHAM ck SONS. Concord. Mlohlcan.





00 INTO SHEEP RAlSlNG





 





 





 





 





 





 





'Buy of Michigan’s Largest Breeder of good sheep.

Romeyn 0. Parsons. Grand Lodge, Mich.





 





RAM LAMBS and





HAMPSHIRE several extra. aood





YEARLINGS. All registered.

0. D. WOODBUR Y. Lnnslnc. Mlchlunn.





AMBOUILLET—Flock founded 1892 with 40 ewes

selected from one hundred registered owes of the

best breeding possible. J. Q. A. COOK,Morrlco.Mlch.‘





HOGS.





BERKSHIRENS





A few bred sows left yet. but no tours. Spring pigs

of best families. Guernsey Cattle. Plymouth Rocks,

Pekln Ducks and M. B. Turkeys. HUPP

FARM. Birmingham. Mlch.. G..C. HUPP, Mgr.





FOR SALE. 2,000 FIGS.





8 lo 8 weeks old. It 02.50 to $8 each: any breed.

Will ship by ex press and give your money’s worth.

UTILILA'I‘ION 00.. Grand Raplds. Mich.





NORTHERN INOWN BEIIKSNINES.





'ROYCROFT FARLVI. Sldnnw. llllch.





A FEW FALL slurs bred for mu farrowlng,

also choice lot of spring pl 3 bred by King

A. A. PATTULLO.





DAMS BROS. IMPROVED CHESTER. WHITES.Litchfield,Mlch ,

won more premiums in '08 than any other hard in Michigan

Stock all use: for Ialo. Prize winning W. Orpington, W. Lee-

horn and But! Rock 033:, $1 per 15. Shorthorn bulls & heifers





IMPROVED CHESTER NHIIES‘YWD" 3°“ bred





for early fall furrow.



one (All boar. also March Apr. furrow ready to ship.

W. 0. WILSON, Okemoa, Mlch. (Both Phones)



A fine lot of spring





IMPROVED CHESTER WHITES. Madman“..-





rowed in March and April. Price 310. Satisfaction

guaranteed. Colon C. Lillie. Coopersvllle, Mich.





81 h d D . .

nunoc JERSEY SWlNE, Press. .221, 2.

for 15. J. H. BANGHART. Lansing. Mich.





—Notnln for



Du roc J 6 rse ys we .. Elm...

CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hustlna’r. ll lch.



DUROC Jersey of size and quality. 40 Boar: ready





for aervlce. 50 cows at Farmers Prices. Satis-

faction Guaranteed. J. 0. Barney. Goldwater. Mlcu





 





 





 





 





 





Premier. eekerville. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





O I. C.’s Bears (knows all sold. I have a. fine lot of

. young pigs that will soon be ready to ship.

A. NEWMAN. Route No. l. Mariette. Mich.





0.1, C, SWINE. 333’ herd is headed





th I 1‘ nd n

Jackson Chief. the world’s Championg Endsgrarfd

Champion. the greatest 0. I. C. boar In the world.

He is also grandson of Tutesy, the world’s Champion

sow. Pigs by him at llve let live price.

A. J. GORDEN. R. No. 2. Don. Mlch.





O. I. C’s—ALL AGES. Tnlrty sows bred





for a ring furrow. Snl

on approval. H. PI). JUMP. Munlth. Mlggfd





Boats ready for service. Spring l s b

0' '0 C0 grandson of World’s Grand Chnxmglony.

Glenwood Stock Farm, Zooland, Michlssn, R. 6. Phone 9‘.





 





 





EificNkLgNG Pilgs an? bred Bows at bargains to

uyers. rom nrge-styied.prollfic Poland-

China sows. ROBERT NEVE, Pierson. Mich.





-Cholce young boars rend

POLAND-GHINAS for use: bred right. Alsg

young :Sows bred; right prices. Write today.



L. W. Barnes & Son. Byron, (Bhlawnsee Co.)_Mlch.





Poland-Chinas. figh'nietbut spring





. us have

your order now. WOOD d: SONS. Saline. Mlch.





LARGE ENGLISH YORKSNIBES.





Boar: ready for service 015.00: Gflts bred for fall far-

row $20.00; spring plus either sex. Satisfaction guar-

anteed. COLON C. LILLIE. Ooopersvllle. Mich





WHEN waiting to advertisers just say “Be

your ad. in the Michigan Farmer."





 





 





 





mum...





 





 





 





 





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[POULTRYm BEES?





   





, .......





JULY. 17, .1909. ‘ '





 





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AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA‘AAAAAAA





VALUE OF SHADE FOR POULTRY.





Great losses, not merely of poultry life,

but in other ways, yearly result from

exposing fowls, and especially young

fowls, to excessive" heat in summer.

Probably loss of life is greater with

young ducklings than with chickens, for

with the latter the difficulty arises more

especially from slowness of growth as a.

result of the ground being dry and vege-

tation somewhat lacking.



In many parts of the country means

for affording relief from excessive heat

must be improvised as they are not

naturally available. Where the poultry

keeper lives upon ,a lace having woods

or abundant hedgerow his work is very

greatly simplified. For instance, under

these conditions, if he, with the advent

of warm weather, will remove his fowls

to the shelter of the trees or hedges he

will find that they will grow. faster. We

know from our own experience how wel-

come, upon a hot summer’s day, is the

shade, and what is true of ourselves is

equally true of our fowls. If they are

placed out in the open and exposed all

day to an excess of sunshine, they have

the same feeling of discomfort that we

experience under like, conditions. Con-

sequently the effect is seen in retardation

of the development of the body, and

sometimes'in loss by death. Moreover,





under these circumstances there is a

lessened activity on the part of the

fowls. We have only to watch them in





the open fields to see that they cower,

during the greater'part of the day, under

such small shade as is available, whereas

those having the shelttr of trees or

hedges are active and happy. They seem

more or less constantly engaged in seek—

ing natural food, and in short are living

under ennditions which must tent to

their development and to the profit of

their owner. My advice, therefore, is

that wherever possible the benefit of the

shelter which nature has provided be





given. Under these circumstances there

should have takcn place, even earlier





‘than this, a removal of the coops or





broodcrs, or of the colony houses in which

the growing stock is accommodated, to

places which will give them abundant

shade or at lcast protect them against

excessive sunshine.



The benclit accruing from such shade

is not merely seen in its protection from

heat, but in the supply of natural food.

\Ve have only to use our eyes to note

that where there is such shade the grass

and other forms of growth are more

luxuriant and more succulent than out

in the opt-n. On a hot summer‘s day,

when the fields are bare, under the

hedges and in the woods there is plcnty

cf growth. This is an essential ele—

ment in the development of our fowls,

and they are thus enablt-d. to get what

should be one of the basic factors of de-

velopment. Furthermore, under these

conditions insects and grub life are much

more abundant. In the open fields, Where

all is burnt up and the rarth is baked

hard, there. is little of this nature to be

obtained. The fact is that many forms

of parasitic life live upon grass and other

vegetable matter, and when this is burnt

up thty have no means of finding sus—

tenance and they die in large numbers.

Moreover, the, worms do not cuinw to

the surface under such conditions, hence

the fowls are deprived of what they seek

constantly. In the woods and under the

shelter of the hedges there is an abun-

dant supply, and hence the fowls here

find conditons that would be met with in

a cool, moist summer or in the spring

months of the year.



The chief diillculties regarding summer

shade arise in the case of those who live

in districts where all is open and where

natural shelter is unavailable. The only

thing to be done is to minimize the ex—

tremes so far as possible, by artificial

shelter. Coops and temporary houses,

instead of facing south, as at other

periods of the year, should be reversed

and the backs turned to the sun. This

in itself will make considerable difference

but it is not enough. \Vc have some—

times sot'll coops in open fields with fronts

exposed to the sun‘s rays, and pitied the

hens in them. I'ndcr these circum~

stances they must have been miserable

indeed and their chickens were vainly

trying to find a. little shade. Provided,

therefore, that the coops are turned in

the way indicated, and also provided

that there are no buildingS 01‘ “tick-‘3

that would protect them. a good wayis

to put up hurdles, covering these With





THE MICHIGAN FARMER—





branches of trees or similar material,

and placing immediately behind the coops.

Or they may be covered with sacking or

straw. In this way shade can be created

both for the coop and for the ground

immediately adjacent. Such an arrange-

ment will be highly appreciated by the

fowls’and they will revel in it.



One point more, and that is that dur-

ing hot weather a much more abundant

supply of succulent green food should be

given; also that part of the food, at any

rate, should contain more moisture than

would be nrczssary at other seasons of

the year. \Vatcr must be provided three

times a day. Nothing is more injurious

than stale water, as in hot weather bac-

teria develop very rapidly in warm

water. They will also obtain moisture for

the development of the body more favor-

ably from green food than even by drink-

ing. Moreover, such 'grccn fodds contain

elements which cannot be obtained in

any other way, and all such garden stuff

as lettuce, or cabbage, or, in fact, any-

thing of that kind, may profitably be

given the chickens at this season.



Canada. 'W. R. GILBERT.

RIDDING FOWLS AND THEIR QUAR-



TERS OF LICE.



Remedies for the varit-us kinds of lice

which harass poultry are numerous but

many owners of fowls still faili to realize

that no single preparation will answer

for all kinds. Liquid preparations do

not work well on the fowls themselves,

especially at certain seasons of the year,

and dry or powder preparations are not

very effective in ridding coops and their

fixtures of vermin. It therefore seems

essential that every fowl owner be fami-

liar with sevcral unfailing remedies—one

for ridding the fowls of the various para-

Sitt‘s which are known to infest them,

and another for effectively clearing their

quarters of the spccits which Secrete

themselves in cracks and crevices during

the day and attack the fowls at nights.

Two such rcmedirs which have been

thoroly tried out by the poultry depart—

nu-nts of the Maine and Cornell stations

have been made the subject of a circular

just issued by the Maine station. These

remedies, in addition to proving effective,

are simple and incxpcnsive and therefore

of general interest to poultrymen. Con-

(‘Ol‘lling their preparation and use we

take the following from the circular rc-

ferrcd to:



In kw'ping a poultry plant free from

lice there are two points of attack:

One, the birds thcmseIVcs; the other. the

houses, nest boxes, roosting boards, etc.

For the birds themselves experience has

shown that the best way to get rid 0f

the lice is by the use of a dusting powder

to be workrd into the f'catllcrs. lu usingr

any kind of lice powder on poultry,

whether the. one here described Or some

other, it should always be remembered

that a single, appli‘ation of powder is not

sufficient. \thn there are licc present

on a bird there are always unhatchcd

eggs of lice (“nits") present too. The

proper procedure is to follow up a. first

application of powder with a second at

an interval of four days to a week. If

the birds are badly infested at the begin-

ning it may be necessary to make still a

third application. To clean the cracks

and crevices of the woodvvork of houses

and nests of lice and vermin a liquid

spray or paint is probably the most de-

sirable form of application.



The lice powder which the station uses

is made at a cost of only a few cents a

pound in the following way: Take three

parts of gasoline and one part of crude

carbolic acid; nrlx thcsc together and add

gradually, with stirring, enough plaster-

of Paris to take up all the moisture. The

liquid and the dry plastcr should be thor—

oly mixrd and stirred so that the liquid

will be uniformly distributed thru the

mass of plaster. \thn cnough plaster

has been added the resulting mixture

should be a dry, pinkish brown powder

having a fairly strong carbolic odor and

a rather less Dl'tllltillilt'od gasoline odor.



lm not use more plaster in mixing than

is ncccssary to blot up the liquid. This

powder is to be worked in-to the feathers

of the birds affected with vermin. The.

bulk of the application should be made

in the fluff around the vcnt and on the

vt-ntral side of the body and in the fluff

under the wings. Its efficiency can be

very easily demonstrated by anyone to

his own satisfaction. Take a bird that is

covered with lice and apply the powder

in the manner just described. After a

lapse of about a minute. shake the bird,

loosening its feathers with the fingers

at the same time, over a clean piece of

paper. Dead and dyingr lice will drop

on the paper in great numbers.





For a spray or pai’nt"to be applied to

roosting boards, nest boxes or walls and

floor of the hen houses the following

preparation is used: Three par-ts of

kerosene and one part crude carbolic

acid. 'This is stirred up when used and

may be,’ applied with any of the hand

spray pumps or with a brush.



In both of these formulae it is highly

important that crude carbolic acid be

used instead of the purified product. Be

sure and insist to the druggist on getting

crude carbolic acid. It is a dark brown,

dirty looking liquid and its value depends

on the fact that it contains tar oil and

tar bases in addition to the pure phenol

(catbolic acid). ’ ~

MOVING BEES TO NEW HONEY



FIELDS.





 





 





After the colonies are once properly

packed and ready for a move the great

point of success lies in getting them to

their destination and opened up for a

flight at the earliest possible moment.

Colonies, when given plenty of room,

plenty of Ventilation, and space to cluster

off from, and away from, the combs of

brood, with ample provisions of honey

and water, will stand transportation dur-

ing our hottest weather, by hauling with

teams, or on railroads, providing you do

not keep them confined more than two

or three days. A few old bees in nearly

all colonies will die, but I think it is only

about the actual number that die each

day in their normal condition.



Ample ventilation is a big item in the

successful moving of bees. I find a rim

three inches deep and the same size as

the hch, covered with wire cloth, the

proper thing. Put one of these on the

top and securely fasten. I have tried

many kinds of fastenings, and find com-

mon lath, cut the right length to reach

from the bottom to thetop, four to each

hive, one nailed at each corner, about

the simplest method of fastening screciw,

and hive bodies together. Frames should

be securely fastened in the hives so that

they will not slide together or swing. As

I use, and have used for years,.thc Hoff-

man style of frame, which is, as most are:

aware, self—spacing, I have no bother'

about this. In the few instances when

I have had ocmsion to move colonies in

loose hangEng frame hives, I have fas—

tened tht-m securely by means of two

small slats nailtd, one at each end of

the end bars, down thru and into lilo

end of the hive. This fastens them se—

curely. '



The llpptr story of extracting combs

are left (h. but all surplus arrangements

in connection with comb honey shoufd be

removed, ()1‘ tilt‘ bcss Will Sillill illi‘ll’i

badly and render them unsfgihtly forv

future use. Also their clustering on the

foundation starters will generally resaltl

in them cooling down, and being lost,

with the nwd of putting more in to take

their place.



Vthn arriving at the destination open

the llins‘ as soon as possible so the bees

can have a flight. If there is honey Com—

ing in the bees will be at work within

an hour or two, in fact, in less time,

frt~qucntl}.'. I have recently moved an

apiary the short distance of a half mile.

To my fart-at surprise no bccs have re—

turncd to tie old location. They were

moved in thi- cvcning after tho livid bus

were all in. Tho-re being no springs

0n the vehicl , the hives received quite

a shaking up, which no doubt gave the

dcsirvd «ffrct.



The ti'i’tnsporiation of bees in box hins

is rare-1y practiwd beyond a local lllth',

which I have upon several occasions ac—

complished with success by simply con-

fining the bees with a strip of wire

screen 0\ er the entrance, leading them

into a wagon and driving to the new

location. The combs in such hiws are

secured naturally, and after having been

in use for swveml years are very tough,

so that no special care need be observed

in handling.



'l‘lu- amount of success that a bee—

kco-pcr achichS depends upon surround-

ing circumstances, such as nearnt-ss to





 





(a) 41





ORIGIN





Of 3 Famous Human Food.





The story of great discoveries or in—

ventions is always of interest,



An active brain worker who found him,-

self hampered by lack of bodily strength

and vigor and could not carry out the

plans and enterprises he knew how to

iconduct‘, was led to study various foods

and their effects upon the human system.

In other words before he could carry out

his plans .he had to find a food that

would ‘arry him along and renew his

physical and mental strength.



He knew that a food which was a brain

and nerve buildrr (rather than a mere

fat maker) was univursally needed. He

knew that meat with the average man

does not accomplish the desired results.

He knew that the soft gray substance in

brain and nerve centers is made from Al-

bumen and Phosphate of Potash obtained

from food. Then he started to solve the

problem. i ,



Careful and cxtcnsive experiments

evolved Grape—Nuts, the now famous

fold. It contains the brain and nerve

building food elements in condition for

easy digestion.



The result of eating Grape—Nuts daily

is easily seen in a marked sturdiness and

activity of the brain and nervous system,

making it a pleasure for one to carry on

the daily duties without fatigue or ex-

haustion. '



Grape—Nuts food is in no sense a stim-

ulant but is simply food which renews

and replaces the daily waste of brain

and ncrvcs.



Its flavor is charming and being fully-

and thoroly cooked at the factory it is

serwd instantly with cream.



The signature of the brain worker

spokcn of, (1‘. \\'_ Post, is to be seen on

each genuine package of Grape—Nuts.



Look in pkgs. for the famous little

book, “The lload t0 \Vcllville." “"herc’s

a Reason.“



LIGHTNING



strikes thousands of burns just aitcrthc hay

and grain have been put in them. Are you

running the risk of losing your buildings,

your sleek and your whole season’s crops

by one terrible flash? Don‘t take that risk.





Government statistics show that good Light-

ning Rods will protect them.





Put Up Your Own Lightning Rod:





and save halfthc cost. “7c sell Direct to

You—a System t‘omplete, ready to put on

yourbuildings, with full instructions for in«

stalling. Shipped on Approval; rvturn if

not satisfied. Let us send you our Proposi-

tion and Free Catalog—ask for them today.





The. J. A. Scott Company

Mfrs. Pure Copper Cable Lightning Rods

Dept. J, Detroit, Mich.





[0 DAYS FREE TRIM.





, We ship on approval, without a cent

5 \ defiant {rel h repaid. DON’T

1 AY A N it you are not “ti-fled

Y ‘ utter uninz the bicycle 10 days.

i Do NOT BUY a bicycle or a pan-

_ of t1 res from anyone

at any pnce until you receive our late“

art catalogs illustrating ever kind of

- - bicycle, and have learned our 1411 ard q!

-- . pnces and marvelous new ofi’era. .

ONE GE“ is all it will con. you b

. write a postal and every

thing will be sent you free postpald by

, return mail. You will get much valuable In-

a formation. Do not waitwriteit now.

.. TIRES. Coaster-Brakes. Bum-

up-Whaol- and all lundriea at ha usual prices.





MEAD GYGLE 00. Dept. 8 77 CHICAGO





' ' from prize winning&A.lla -

White Wyandafle Eggs lug stock $1.50 per 15 or mayo

per 30 eggs. A. Franklin Smith, Ann Arbor, Mich.





 





 





 





   





v





 

 

 





/ i.





 





 





13608 reduced to $1 per 15 in June, B. Rocks, R. I.

A Reds, White, Silver, Golden Wyandoites. all vari-

eties Leghorns. Indian Runner Muscova, Cnyuga.Pe—

kin Ducks, $1 per 13. E. J. Rankine. Plttsford, Mich.





—Egga for hatch-

Barred Plymouth Rocks in... Price, is for

$1;26 for $1.50; 50 for 82.50: 84 per hundred. Satisfac-

tion guaranteed. Colon C. Lillie, Coopersvllle. Mich.





E G G S ~nght Brahma, White Wyandotte and





B P. Rocks 81 a setting, $1.50 for two

settings. E. D. BISHOP, Route 315, LakeOdessu.Mich.





R. c. and S. 0. Rhods Island Red—gag,- $3,339,333;





 





 





 





 





per 50. BUELL BROS.. Ann Arbor, Mich.

q B_LACK Minorca eggs at $1.50 per setting of

l . J. lo. P. C. Pigs singly or in pairs of the best





breeding. R. W. MILLS, Saline. Mich.





SILVER LACED GOLDEN and White Wyandottea





and Barred Plymouth Rocks. Eggs 81.50 per 15

3;: 50 for 30. C. W. BROWNING, Portland, Mich





8- 0. Brown Leghorns. milli‘il‘fi’éillsi





.l uly. Our best eggs $5 per 100; $1 per 15. Send for cir-





 





 





 





honcy-producing crops and the state of

the weather during" the time they are in

bloom. lut with these necessary condi-

tions in his favor, there remains another

item without which the fullest advantage

possible cannot be obtained: his encr—

gics must be directed by thot and ap-

plied to the work of the apiary at the

right time. It is not often that we find

one locality giving a continuous and

abundant honey flow from spring until

fall. Indeed, such localities are very

rare. and even if we find one which

nearly or quite fulfills; these conditions we

may not be able to locate an apiary





 





Cular, best flock in Mich. Fred Mott, Lansing. Mich.





SINGLE cams wum: tEGHURNSTfiégggggvhg‘gg;

$1; 26 for $1.50; 50 for 02.50; $4 per hundred. Satisfac-

tion guaranteed. Colon C. Lillie, Coopersville, Mich.





 





 





 





DOGS.





FOXAND woLF HOUNDS





of the best English strains In Ameri-

ca; 40 years experience In breeding

these fine bounds for my own sport;

I now offer them for sale.



Send stump for Catalogue.





T. B. HUDSPETM. Sibley. Jackson 60., Mo.





 





 





 





TRAINED FOX BOUNDS and Bound Pups

for hunting fox and coons. Also Collies &Ferrets.





 





there. F. G. HERMAN.





Inclose 2c stamp. W. E. Lecky, Holmesville, Ohio.
The f‘Michigan ‘ Farmer





Bsranus so 1843.





THE LAWRENCE PUBLISHING C0.,





EDITORS AND PROPRIETORS.

39 to “Congress Street West. Detroit. W

TELEPHONE MAIN 4525.

NEW YORK OFFICE—725 Temple Court Building.

CHICAGO OFFICE—1736 First Nat'l Bank Building.

CLEVELAND OFFICE—1011-10l5 Oregon Ave., N. E.





 





M. J. LAWRENCE ............... _. .................. President.

M. W. LAWRENCE ..................... Vice-President.

M. L. LAWRENCE. .................... ....Becretary.





P. T. LAWRENCE .......:......,,.,...........Treasurer.





I. B. WATERBURY





 





 





sue-ooh. I Auocl‘&e

0.13. YOUNG ..... ....... . ............ ..

soar warmer}: E‘mm'

E. H. ROUGHTON .................... Business Manager.





 





TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:





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cmedlan subscription: is cents a you exits ior poems





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order, registered letter. or by express. We will not

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Publishing Co.





RATES OF ADVERTISING:





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per inch. each insertion. with a reasonable d scouut

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g- No lottery. quack doctor or swindiing adver-

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COPYRIGHT 1908.

by the Lawrence Pub. Co. All persons are warned

against reprinting any portion of the contents

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WE GUARANTEE to stop THE

MICHIGAN FARMER immediately

upon expiration of time subscribed

for, and we will pay all expenses for

defending any suit, brot against

any subscriber to The Michigan

Farmer by the publisher of any farm

paper, which has been sent after the

time ordered has expired, providing

due notice is sent to us, before suit

is started.



Avoid further trOuble, by refusing

to subscribe for'any farm paper

which does not print, in each issue,

a definite guarantee to stop on expir-

ation of subscription.



The Lawrence Pub. 60.,



Detroit, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





DETROIT. JULY 17. 1909.





 





 





CURRENT COMMENT.

In commenting upon





The Danger/ “Fire Losses and The





From Lightning. Farmer” in the last

issue, mention was

made of the high percentage of farm





losses caused by lightning, and the pos-

sibility of avoiding this waste by the

proper protcction of farm buildings with

lightning rods. By way of further illus-

trating the extent of such losses and the

need for protection from them, some lig-

nrcs submittcd by a committm- of the

National Fire Protection Association, ap-

pointed to investigate this class of losses,

will be pertinent. According to these

figures, out of 357,346 fires occurring from

1898 to 1902, 15,755 were caused by light-

ning, oceasioning an aggregate loss of

$21,707,185. It was also found that build-

ings which are isolatcd, as farm buildings,

are much more susceptiblc t) damage

from lightning than buildings in more

thickly populated or crowded sections.

hi the classification of these losses, barns

were found to be most susceptible, with





dwellings following next in order. Of

15,775 buildings dcstroycd by lightning,

0,375 were barns and 3,842 were dwel—

lings. The high proportion of barns dc-

strnycd would clcarly indicate that the

bulk of these losses were suffered by

farmers.



While many years have passed since





Franklin demonstrated that he could draw

t-lcctricity from a thundcr cloud. and in-

vented the lightning rod as a means of

protecting buildings from destruction by

tho electrical fluid, yct it is but compara-

tively few years since scientific attention

has been given to the development of

that system on a sound basis, and cvcn

at the present time there is not a Vt‘l'y

gcncral understanding of the danger

from lightning or the principles which

apply in protecting buildings from it, as

a large number of queries asking for in-

formation on these points clearly indi-

cate. In order to aid the rcadcr to a more

clear understanding of both, let us con—

sider for a moment the cause of light-

ning. The dense, heavy clouds which we

commonly designate as thunder heads.

in some way become heavily charged

with electricity. There are several theo—

ries as to how this phenomenon occurs.

One is that it is caused by the friction

of opposing currents of air, laden with

particles of moisture or vapor. Another

theory is that in the process of evapora-





tiop these particles of vapor carry with

them the normal charge of electricity-

wh'leh is present in all bodies, and that

as electricity is conducted only on the

surface, of bodies, as these unite by con-

densation the charge becomes intensified

on account of the reduced aggregate sur-

face of the larger particles of m'oisture.

Be this as it may, none will doubt that

these clouds become heavily charged,

with positive or negative electricity, as

the case may be. Contiguous clouds are

often unevenly or differently charged, and

many of the flashes of lightning seen are

discharges from one cloud to another.

But it is when the accumulated electric

fluid from a heavily charged cloud is dis-

charged to the earth, in response to the

great natural law of compensation or

equilibrium which governs the actions of

this fluid, that the danger to property and

life occurs. These discharges are more

apt to occur from clouds that are near

the earth than from those higher in the

air, since the resistance to the passage

of the electrical fluid is less. The air

is a non-conductor of electricity: and

must be displaced by the current which

we call a flash or bolt of lightning. The

return of the air to fill the void left by

the passing bolt is what causes the thun-

der. As lightning naturally follows the

route of least resistance it generally

strikes buildings, trees, telegraph and

telephone poles or any object which offers

less resistance than the air toward its

passage to the earth. It is the problem

of offering a medium of less resistance

than the buildings which project into the

air, and thus aiding the passage of the

electrical fluid to the earth without dam-

age to them, which concerns us in avoid-

ing this danger from lightning and the

losses which it inflicts.

Prepara-

Advantages of Attending tions for the

the State Fair. State Fair are

now progres—

sing rapidly that all may be in readiness

for the opening of this greatest of Mich-

igan’s agricultural shows. which this year

will be held from Sept. 2 to 10, inclusive.

Thcsc preparations include improvements

in the grounds which will add to the

comfort of fair patrons, such as addi-

tional cement walks, and additional ex-

hibition space in some departments. Re-

ports at this time seem to indicate that

all classes will be well filled, and that

the educational features of the fair'will

be of a high class. It is in these fea-

tures that the patrons of an agricultural

fair can secure the greatest bcncfit, and

they constitute the greatest advantage

which accrues to the fair patron from at-

tending the Statc Fair. If the competitive

exhibits in each department are carefully

looked over, studied and compared, many

ideas can be gained which will be of

value to any farmer in his business, no

matter what line of farming he may be

cngagcd in. By carefully looking over

the choice individuals of the improved

breeds of live stock, which will be found

on exhibition, the stockman, whether

amateur or professional, may get up—to-

date ideas with regard to type and gen—

cral cxecllcncc which will raise the ideal

toward which he will strive in his own

future breeding operations. By carefully

inspecting the exhibits of grains, seeds

and vegetables. the general farmer can

gain much knowledge with regard to the

merit of different varieties. By looking

ovcr the horticultural department the

fruit grower will receive a new inspira-

tion which will be i'cl'lcctcd in the higher

standard of excellence of the friut which

hc will produce in future years. The

ladics will also derive pleasure and profit

from the exhibits of art in the different

forms which appeal to them; while all

will profit by the poultry exhibit, which

is probably visited by more people than

any other single department of a big

fair. In the manufacturers’ exhibits

there is also a great deal to be learned

by a close study and comparison of the

machincry, tools and other equipment

nccdcd upon every farm. there is no

place in which such comparisons can be

made to such good advantage, and the

knowledge gained will provc of ~nomic

value to the fair patron. In fact, there

is no department of the exhibits of an

agricultural fair which does not hold a

valuable lesson for the fair patron who

is seeking to profit by it. Amusement

features serve to relieve the more stren-

uous work of seeing the fair proper, but

it is the educational value of a show

of this kind which we desire to em—

phasizc.



In addition to the department exhibits

several features of an educational nature

have been added for‘ this year, including

a cattle judging contest conducted by

Prof. Anderson, of M. A. C., which will





THE . MICHIGAN FARMER.





be open to. .all young men under ,the age





   





of 30 years. This contest ,will be con-

ducted in axing in which, five animals

will be placed, and will include horses,

cattle, sheep and hogs, the young men

entering being given 20 minutes to

place the animals in the order of their

respective merit as they see it and give

their reasons therefor. Colon C. Lillie

will also conduct a test of milk, butter

and cheese production under the auspices

of the State Dairy and Food Department,

which will be of educational value to

dairymen.



Space will not permit the further enu-

meration of the educational features of

the State Fair, which make it advantag-

eous for every farmer in the state to

attend it if he can possibly~arrange to

do so. Without doubt the educational

value of the fair would be the greater for

a large number of prospective patrons if

they would make an exhibit in some one

or more departments. The prospects are

good for some crop in practically every

community, and by bringing a'selection

of the best products for exhibit, the edu-

cational value of the fair will be in-

creased, not only for the exhibitor, but

as well for his contemporaries who at-

tend the fair for the purpose of profiting

to the greatest possible extent from its

educational features. The Michigan Pas-

senger Association has made a rate of

one and one-half fare for the round trip,

which will be a considerable saving for

patrons living at a distance from Detroit.

The advantages of attending the State

Fair should appeal to the farmers of the





state, as a class, and more of them should





attend than ever before. While the dis-

trict and local fairs should not be neg-

lected, the greatest possible advantage

cannot be derived by the fair patrons

without attending both these and the

State Fair, which opens the fair season

in Michigan. The West Michigan Fair,

which is held at Grand Rapids the suc—

ceeding week, should be attended for the

same reasons, and the county and local

fairs merit the support of all within the

territory which they represent, and the

time and money spent in attending them

will be well invested.





 





 





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





Foreign.



A hurricane swept‘t‘ovcr Binama Sunday

night and did much damage to property.

The city was left in darkness, the elec-

tric plant having been dismantled by the

terrific wind. Many of the towns along

the coast as well as inland are believed

to be suffering from the storm but com-

munication is so damaged that news can-

not be forwarded.



Severe earthquake shocks were expe-

rienced in the Bismark archapelago re-

cently. No casualties have been re-

ported. '



Mrs. Theodore Roosevelt and her three

children arrived at Naples on board the

steamship Celtic after a stormy voyage,

July 11



It is now stated that the trouble be—

tween Spain and Morocco over the Riff-

coast is settled; envoys from the latter

country were received by King Alfonso

at Madrid a few days ago and an agree-

mcnt was reached. Spain is sending a

large force to the seat of trouble to avoid

further uprisings. Spain has control over

the territory by the terms of the treaty.



The Chicago congregational club pre-

sented a bronze tablet to the English

reformed church of Amsterdam, Holland,

in commemoration of the persecuted Pil-

grim fathcrs who landed there from Eng-

land in 1609, before coming to America,

and in recognition of the hospitality prof-

fered them by the inhabitants of the

city.



A battle in which a number of the

Shah's troops wore killed. resulted some

15 miles from Teheran, Persia, recently

where his forces had a pitched battle

with the nationalists. The former failed

to dislodge the rebels from their posi-

tion. Further fighting is expected.



Don Miguel Antonio Caro, former presi-

dent of Columbia, is seriously ill.



Herbert Latham was prevented from

attempting his trip across the English

channel in a monoplane last Sunday on

account of rain. The trip is postponed

till a later date.



Gold to the amount of $1,750,000 was

engaged in this country for Buenos

Ayres, Monday.



In accordance with the policy of the

Cuban government since the evacuation

of the island by the American troops and

the. provisional government, the officials

are making more trouble for the author-

ities at Washington by requesting Am—

cricans appointed for public service in

the island to resign to make room for

appointees of the ruling political party.

A rule, under which the appointments

were made by Gov. Magoon. makcs it

mandatory upon the new officials to show

caUSc why removals should be made, and

as they did not do so in a recent case

the minister from this country has been

notified to request the Cuban officials to

retain the party in question until the

rule is complied with. '



The battleship North Carolina was ter-

ribly shaken by an explosion of gas while

anchored off the harbor at Naples. The

gas had accumulated in the coal hold

when it was ignited by a lighted candle.

One ensign was killed and another ser-

iously injured. \





Prime Minister Asquith, of England,





“Li -





., ”J???“ 1905.}. -





u-“i





, has: that-fer avoided anmeetirig with ‘ the I





reprpsentatlyes of the _woman_,su_ffra~

gettes, altho guards crevigilan‘t’day after

day seeking an, opportunity to secure a

conference. ~ -



The Indian student who killed Lieut.-

Col. Sir William Hutt Curzon and Dr.‘

Cawas Lalcaca, is on trial for his deed.

and makes his defense ~uponthe ground

of being justified in his act since tho

English have during the past 50 years

killed 80,000,000 of his countrymen and

taken from India 100,000,000 pounds ster-

ling every year. . ‘



It is‘ now reported that the medical

scientists of the Rockefeller institute

have found a serum that will cure the

sleeping sickness so prevalent and feared

in Africa. .



The Finnish diet has sent a. rather stub—

born protest to the Russian governmen

and it is expected that the Czar will see

that that legislative body will be dis-

solved. The cause of the protest was

due to the Russian council preventing

restrictive measures against the Jews,

becoming law. ,



The boundary dispute between Bolivia.

and Peru afforded an opportunity for

trouble between the two countf‘ies when

the President of Argentine arbitrated

the disput in favor of Peru. Hostile

demonstrations were immediately evident

upon the part of certain Bolivians when

the decision was announced but the bet-

ter element finally gained control and

,it is now felt that peace will be main-

tained. '



A call on national depository banks for

a return to the treasury of government

funds aggregating approximately $25,000,-

000 was made last week by Secretary.

MacVeagh. Of this amount $9,000,000

has been called for July 15 and $16,000,000

for August 15. The working balance in

the treasury had become reduced to $43,-

000,000, which is considerably less than

the amount usually maintained as a. work‘

ing balance.



National.





The Aldrich tariff bill passed the

United States Senate last Thursday by

a vote of 45 to 34—10 republicans veted

against the measure and one democrat

supported it. The bill contains nearly

400 paragraphs. The senate made 840

amendments to the provisions as fixed

by the house. During the session when

the vote was taken tobacco “in the

hand” was exempted, and a duty was

placed on crude petroleum shipped from

those countries demanding tariff on the

same goods from the United States. The

revolting republicans opposed the bill on

the ground‘that it revises the tariff “up”

instead of “down,” as they interpreted

the meaning of the pledge of the party

during the last national campaign. - .-,'



The supreme court of Illinois has been

asked to pass upon the legality of mar-

riages performed in Chicago by justices

of the peace since, the enactment ofthe

municipal court law. It has been held

that all marriages so contraéte‘d'ai’o

illegal. Fully 3,000 persons are" terms

cerned. . . ‘



It is reported that skilled chemists have

found a process whereby butter can be

made from crude petroleum.



The income tax amendment to the com-

stitution passed the House last Monday

by the decisive vote of 317 to 14. As the

measure was not amended since receiving

the sanction of the Senate it will come

before the several state legislatures as

soon as President Taft signs it.



Both the counsel for Harry K. Thaw

and the state favor the appointment of

a commission to pass upon the sanity

of Thaw in his hearing for release from

the asylum for insane criminals.



The freighter Scott, loaded with iron

ore, hit the John B. Cowles off Whitefish

Point in Lake Superior, Monday morn-

ing and nearly cut the latter in two.

The Cowles went to the bottom with

fourteen of her crew, in three minutes

after the accident;



During the past week the central states

were visited by numerous heavy storms

and much damage was done by rain and

wind. On Monday from Missouri to West

Virginia and from Minnesota to the gulf

violent wind storms, waterspouts and

floods destroyed property in widely sepa—

i‘atted sections; besides, several lives were

os .



It was expected the 18,000 miners of

the Pittsburg coal company would go out

en'strike Monday but the president of the

united mine workers of America refused

to sanction the move and it was delayed.

It is now reported that the miners will

defy the higher authority and call the

strike later.



The Bronx Zoo, of New York, is now

the largest zoo in the world, the recent

addition of 450 animals of 87 different

species giving it this distinction.



Troops have been called out again to

suppress disorder growing out of the coal

strike in Cape Breton. Strike rioters

attacked the miners and the local police

were unable to cope with the situation.



Outlaws attacked ten horsebuyers at

Camp Alfton, New Mexico, last Sunday

night. and killed nine of them.



It IS estimated that $48,000,000 will be

needed to carry on the work of the

Bahama canal for the fiscal year of 1911.

’lhzs amount will be asked from Con-

grlgss’ 'd t T ft



resr en a is arran in a r'

the wcst and south on: tgall. t lIrt) trig:

first planned that he would make stops

at ”1113’ a few of the larger points but

requests from so many small places have

come in that the first draft of the itin—

Siflgiiyl't isnnow being changed to accom-

‘ ti, t‘ 10 numerous 1‘8 11 '

IS found possible to do so:1 ests Where It





State.





SUWales g. Mafrtilndale was re-elected

perm en out 0 tie Det ‘

Tlfii‘sday. rort schools last

ichigan shippers are contestin the

{12(38th adoptedt demurrage rates bgy the

. na associa ion of ‘

sioDners. railway commis-

no person was killed and four 0th

made dangerouSly ill in Detroit last W131:





(Continued on page 49).





.f_





“>'< .'
if“





 





 





 





 





‘41-. :‘ Ma -





 





 





 





LITERATURE

POETRY



HISTORY an? '



IN FORMATION





r__—._ -._





 





 





 





r





 





 

 





\.





TI?) and?





W





gm KLK

[150 W“





 





A... . .4 . . I... .a._..w.,mmmm-.~ «9A....» m:wmwu»+m.





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‘17re FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





 





This Magazine Section torins a part of our paper tWice a month. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





 





 





 





MACKINAC, THE 'BEAUTIF UL ISLAND





BY IRMA B. MATTHEWS. -





island was investigated and was found was made and our government took pos-

to be a much better place than the main session of it. For a time, however, we had

land. So the removal was ordered. . The someone else to reckon with besides the





HARMING, fascinating, beautiful



Mackinac. It has been fitly named



“The Fairy Island,” and to me it

is the most entrancing spot of all of our

beautiful historical state. Well may

Michiganders point; to it with pride, not

only for its lovely scenery but also for

its historical and legendary interest. No

other spot in all this wide land is richer

in the latter than this.



It seems almost a shame that the old

fort has been abandoned and the soldiers

are no longer quartered there, for it is

the only fort that has floated the flags

if three nations. I understand that there

is a project now before the war depart-

ment to have the old fort reinhabited

and it is to be hoped that it may be so,

but it is also hoped that if this is done

lhat the quarters will, be made more

comfortable, for I understand that they

were far from that ,when the troops

were removed.



There seems to be many opinions as

to the Indian meaning of the name,

which was Michilimackinnc, but which

has since been abbreviated. Some say

that it means Great Turtle, and School-

craft gives it as the island of Dancing

Spirits. Certainly the many traditions

.80 to show that the Indians held it

sacred.



The story as told me coming from the

Indiaps themselvc,s was as follows: ““70

went to our sleep and there was no land

in the great, wat<rs, but when we awoke

in the morning we saw the island and we

thot it was a grcat turtle, but the days

passed and it did not go away and then

we knew it ‘had come to stay.”



The Indians wcre Vcry poetical, as will

be seen by their legends concerning dif—

l'ircnt parts of the island of which men—

tion will be made later on.



Mackinac was dcstincd, however, to

have it tragic history and many were

the bloody sccncs she has witnessed.

The white man‘s history of the place

lit-gins at tho timc when the French first

discovered the island and pronounced it

fair, our two hundred and fifty years

ago. From the early colonial times the

island of the Straits has had a part in

making the history of our great nation.

I: played a part in the war of 1812, and

the terrible scene of the massacre of

1763 can never be forgotten.



Only a little band of thirty~five English

soldiers formed the garrison at that

time. This lirst fort, however, was built

on the mainland at St. Ignace. V’thn

thc rebuilding of the fort came up the





 





 





 





 





Sugar Loaf Rock, one of the Interesting Natural Features of Mackinac Island.





English took possession here in July, 1780.

were the Eng-

for in 1783





Not for long,





lish to hold the island,

ccdcd to the United States.





thirtccn years





ho wcv cr,





bcfore





the real





it was pcnccfully,

altho it was came a Ilt'lu‘t‘flll spot. and altho bclong-

transfer





Eng, lish, and that was the rcal owners

of thc island, the Indians. licing settled

hochcr, thc island soon be—





iig to the American government it was





in reality French than

else.



When the war of 1812 was declared,

the. first drama was enacted here, for the

English always cchtcd this spot and

Wcrc eager to regain it as soon as op-

portunity offered. The commandant

‘had but a handful of men and had not

been apprised of the fact that 'war had

been declared until the British demand-

ed thc surrender of thc fort.



They knew that an attack in front

would be impossible and so they landed

on the northwest side of the island. (the

place is now pointed out to tourists as

the British Landing), .ind raincd a point

highcr than the fort and had the little

garrison ut thcir incrcy whcn they d‘e-

mundcd the surrendcr. l.icut. Hanks,

the. cominnmlcr, surrendered without any

rcsistance and it was most likely the-

WiSt‘st thin;.,r he could have done, fon

hud thc Indians oncc gotten the taste of

blood no doubt all of the inhabitants

Would have bwn victims.



The Americans, hochcr, were not

idlc, and neither did thcv like to see their

enemies in posscssion of thc Gibraltar

of the lakes, and an cxpcdilion was fitted

out to try and rcsnin it. Altho many

plans wcre tricd, none of them were suc~





more anything





ccssful, and the enteiprirc ham to be

abandoned and thc fort rcuia‘ncd in the,

hands of the English until after the-





trcnty of pcncc was sis-nod.



During the (fivil \i’nr tho troops wcre

withdrawn from the fort because they

were. all nccdid lit the front and one

soldicr was lcft to look after it and see

that thc colors \vorc kcpt ilyii’ig. At the

close of the war, however, it was again

rcinhnbitcd.



In 1895 the forces were with-

drawn and the government ceded it

to thc stutc of h‘lichic'nn, togcthcr with

clovcn hundrcd acrcs of ground that

compose the park, It sccms a pity, for

I hardly think \\‘c hch :inolhcr fort with

tho history of old Mackinac and it scems

as tho the post should have been kept

for rcnsons of scntimcnt and patriotism.





Mackinac is not a large island, being

three miles long and two wide, with a.

crcsccnt-slnipcd harbor. I shall never





forget my first \‘icw of it as I stood

on thc uppcr dock of the big boat that

carries passengers buck and forth daily

during the resort Scuson. Even before

we reached the land I was enthusiastic

over its bcuuty.

The first thing. of course, that attracts

(Continucd on page 45).





 





 





v





«ma me last W W mw *‘





e...





 





 





Historic Old Fort Mackinac as it Appears





Today.





This Fortress,





now Unoccupied,





successively Floated the Flags of Three Nations.
44 to





“Do not miss this sale, unless you

enjoy regretting a lost opportunity. We

are going to sell, at your own price, one

hundred and fifty lots, on the main street

leading to your beautiful town, within

fifteen minutes walk of churches, school

and post office, and, besides, we shall

give away hundreds of dollars‘ worth of

presents to the holders of the lucky num-

bers. Each person attending the sale.

will receive a ticket." Miss Fatama

Wells read aloud from the yellow hand-

bill, which she had picked up from the

well scrubbed floor of the old-fashioned

portico which still clung pathetically to

her quaint little home; then she shrugged

her shoulders in disgust.



“Now, wouldn’t that scheme drive

common sense to the seashore for a vaca—

tion?" she exclaimed. “The imbecile

idea of selling off a whole addition at

auction, like you’d sell household goods

and farming implements too numerous

to mention. I have seven good lots in

the most desirable part of this town,

only six minutes walk or four minutes

run from either depot, and if I should

Offer them for what they're worth to hold

the world together, probably nobody

would want to buy; but as soon as these

sharpers appear with their yellow tag

lot sale, everybody will have a violent

attack of the shallows and be on the

spot ready to invest. This land that has

been platted into that new addition has

been right where it is now for the past

centuries, with its face turned up toward

the sun, raising honest corn and beans

and potatoes, as nature intended it should,

until these outrageous promoters hap—

pcncd along, anxious to fill their pockets

with a lot of senseless pcoplek hard-

carned money. It beats everything how

folks take to being swindlcd as a gosling

takes to water.” Still muttering to her-

self, Miss Fatama deposited the hand-bill

in the kitchen range.



The founders of l’eerle S Park had bot

tl'lirty—five acres of reasonably good land

adjoining the City limits for one hundred

dollars per acre—just what it was worth

for farming purposes. They had platted

it' into lots of about forty by one hun-

dred feet. The plat was legally accepted

and declared an addition to the city of

(laktlale, and they were now prepared

to sell it to the public at a net profit to

themselves of four or five hundred dollars

per acre.



The three promoters were skilled in

publicity and knew how to write fetching

advertist-mwnls. The local papers dis—

played columns of well written matter

exploiting the new addition. 'l‘ha-y darkly

hinted that when the people of Oakdale

had but twice more exchanged New

Year‘s gratings, electric cars would be

dashing past that particular locality,

within hailing distance of every tt\\'t=li~'l'

on the addition. They estimated the few

months that, \\’l>ll:il intervene before the

Illth‘lllt‘llt if the man silt-wt of Hakdale

Would 1)“ extended beyond l’ccrless Park,

and when “'(LU‘I' and gas would be piped

thereto.



To many these stahmt-nts seemed

idlsonablv, but not so to Miss lv‘alama,

who, altho public spirited, disliked to see

these lull-rlopms, as she termed them,

walk away with the earnings of her

lll'ig‘hlmrs. She. set her teeth firmly and

drew in lu-r lips until ht-y formed a

straight line across her face, not unlike

a slit in a pumpkin. As she laid the

table for tea She stamped back and forth

between the dining room and kitchen in

a determined manner boding no good to

the founders of the new addition, who

little dreamed that there was a David

arising for their Goliath.



The day designated for the sale of

Peerless Park was cloudless. The air

was clear and the foliage, shower

washed, sent back glints of sunlight as

the breezes played thru the leaves. There

was color and brightness everywhere.





By ten o’clock, the hour appointed for

the opening of the sale, several hundred

people, men, women and children, jostled

and elbowed each other in a frantic en—

deavor to procure from the ticket dis—

penser the piece of green cardboard

which might entitle them to one of the

presents about to be distributed.



Promptly at the hour appeared Mr

Bradner, one of the promoters, arrayed

spick and span in a suit of faultless cut

and linen fresh from Lem Yee’s. He

was standing erect in the front of a light

wagon, drawn by a high-stepping horse.

In the back of the conveyance were two





, THE . MICHIGAN FARMER [

110W MISS FATAMA TERMINATE!) THE [AND SALE.





BY MARY L. DANN.





large boxes, from under whose covers

pceped unruly bunches of excelsior, and

among which reposed the costly presents

destined to make glad the hearts, and

aristocratic the homes, of Oakdale

people.



The occupant of the wagon proved

himself to be an auctioneer of excep—

tional ability. It seemed only necessary

that he open his mouth for the words to

come tumbling out. Not one of his list-

eners had ever dreamed that the King's

English could boast such an array of

adjectives of alluring sound as rolled

tumultously from the tip of his tongue

and clustered around the words, "Peer-

less Park.”



The rather lengthy speech finished

with a grand flourish. “Now,” said the

auctioneer, . “before I sell a. single lot I

am going to make somebody a. valuable

present.”



He drew a ticket from the box beside

him and announced the number. The

person holding the lucky cardboard was

handed a cut-glass water pitcher. The

present was, indeed, a valuable one, and

the look of expectancy deepened on the

upturned faces of the crowd.



“I shall now." continued the auction-

eer, “sell this corner lot, having a front-

age (1‘ forty feet on Main street and a

hundred feet on “'est street, the most

desirable one on the addition. The man

who allows this lot to pass into the

hands of his neighbor is laying the foun-

dation for a lifelong regret. What do I

hear?" The b'dding was fast and fur-

ions and the lot was struck off at five

hundred dollars



“There,” said Mrs, Fatama, “that pays

for just five acres of this wonderful addi-

tion, and I suppose the man who bot that

lot; thinks he has done a great stroke of

tlnanciering.”



“I’m going over to the further corner

of the Park,” called the man in the

wagon, “and shall proceed to sell another

lot, but before I do so I shall give away

some presents. Hurry along to be there

when your number is called."



Standing grandly erect in the front of

the vehicle, the auctioneer drove rapidly

away. The crowd followed as best they

might, falling over corner stakes and

tufts of grass, treading on one another's

feet and on dress skirts fore and aft.

Aunt Hannah Howard, who could not

walk and was always compelled to ride

in a tricycle, fearing that she would be

left behind, clung with one hand to the

back of the auctioneer's wagon and was

drawn over the hunipy, newly plowed

street at a rate appalling to the onlook-

ers. She held obstinately fast until an

extra large sod encountered the front

wheel of ll(l‘ machine when, presto, the

relative positions of the two were

changed, the tricycle being uppermost.

Several perambulators and their wee oc-

cupants met their Waterloo in that first

mad charge. Nobody heeded the misfor-

tune of his neighbor, so frantic were

they all to be present at the drawing.



All‘variy the auctioneer had begun to

call numbers when the yang ard of the

mob iw-icilcd the wagon. They surged

forward and crowded each other to the

point of suffocation. Prof. Westrendost

his slchith‘lt's, as he wiped the perspira-

tion from his face. The people were so

closely wedged about him that he could

not recover them, and when the excxred

mass of humanity had surged on,‘ he

found then», the lenses pulverized and the

bows stamped into the earth.



Three or four handsome presents were

given away. the last being a tea set of

silver bearing the mark “Sterling.” The

crowd became delirious, but Miss Fatama

viewed these proceedings grimly from

the outskirts. -



The auctioneer resumed his sale. The

bidding was reckless and the lot was

sold at three hundred dollars, to a hard-

working teamster about town.



Again the wagon made a flying trip

across the addition. the occupant warning

his followers to be on hand to respond

to their numbers or lose their prize.

On they rushed, keeping their 0va upon

the erect figure, swaying precariously

in the swiftly moving wagon. They could

not see Where they were stepping. It

mattered not to them that skirts were

being ruthlessly torn from their moorings

and children were trampled under foot.

They must be on hand when the first

number was called, if the half of Oak-

dale's population be crippled in the race.

Each face were a look of strained expec-





‘up by it.





tancy. The gambling propensity, which

is latent in every son and daughter of

Adam, had been amused and discretion

was thrown to the winds. '



As the struggling, perspiring multitude

scurried across the field like a wind-

driven cloud, it so happened that right in

the pathway of hurrying feet Sir Wood-

chuck had dug an innocent appearing

hole. This excavation was intended

solely as the boudoir of Lady Woddchuck

and the nursery of their rodent offspring,

and in no wise as a pit for the unwary

feet of any of the genus homo. .How-

ever, Deacon Fordham, forced rapidly on

by the crowd in the rear, sent one foot

down into the Woodchuck’s home on a

tour of exploration. The next mement

he was prostrate on the ground, his gold-

headed cane broken short, and a dozen

trampling, scurrying feet had passed over

him. ' '_ _ , _



There he lay, white and still. 'He had

forced his sharp false teeth thru his

tongue and the blood flowed from his

lips. No one stopped to inquire if he

was hurt save Miss Fatama, who was

leisurely bringing up the rear. Samari-

tan-like, she dragged her fallen brother

away from the wOodchuck‘s invaded

abode. Whipping a pair of scissors from

her hand-bag, she cut the laces of the

Deacon’s shoe and removed it from the

already swollen foot. She‘ loosed her

white cotton belt and with it bandaged

the sprained ankle, then rolled her jacket

into a makeshift for a pillow and slipped

it beneath his head. Looking about her

for the “shadow of a rock in a weary

land,” and seeing none, she raised her

umbrella above him and with a piece of

the broken cane pounded the blunt handle

into the ground, remarking between

whacks, “I——reckon—that—umbrella—is—

going—to—stay—put.”



“There you are, Deacon,“ she said

cheerily, when she had finished. “You

know you’ve often remarked in prayer

meeting that. you wish to go down with

no blot on your ’scutcheon, and it looks

to me as tho that is just what you’ve

done.”



The Deacon looked up into Miss

Fatama’s face with a wan smile, as she

continued, “I’ll go over there and and

a couple of those demented men for a

doctor and a stretcher.

are other things that should be done up

in that crowd,” and she walked vigor—

ously away. . .



In cleaning up the land for platting, the

workmen had picked up and thrown to—

gether a large pile of stones, close be—

side wuich the auctioneer had driven his

wagon. Miss Fatama passed quickly

around the vehicle and commeneci

scrambling up the rocky heap, to the

cu~tafn destruction of her cloth Shoes.

She used the longest piece of the Dea—

con's broken cane as a Swiss mountain

climber uses his alpenstock, forcing it

between the stones and pulling herself

When she reached the summit

she paused a moment to recover her

breath, meantime waving the cane frant—

ically to attract the attention of the

eXcited people.



“Neighbors and fellow citizens,” she

began grandilo:utcntly. “Maybe I ought

not to try to talk to you, anti in climbinc;

this stone hcitp I should hate to climb

out of my sphere. I want surely to be

proper, and I believe something needs

saying right here and now, before there's.

any further waste committed, as the

lawyers say.”



The auctioneer did not consider Miss

Fatama of sufficient importance to be

noticed by him, but the people began to

gather about the stone pile, listening, as

it were, to a voice from the hilltops.



“Look across to where you see that

umbrella,” she continued, indicating with

the remnant of the Deacon’s luckless

cane. “Under it is Deacon Fordham,

your friend and brother, his tongue bit—

ten almost in two, and one foot turned

until it is headed the other way. He may

be in a dying condition for all you know,

or seem to care.”



A murmur of sympathy ran thru the

crowd and all eyes were turned toward

the spot marked by the umbrella. Miss

Fatama resumed: “It is my opinion that

some others of our respected citizens

will soon be resting under the mossy

marble if this thing,r goes on. Here's

Aunt Hannah H0ward, with a bruise on

her head almost as big as an egg. that

she got when her tricycle tripped up:

here’s Jones’ twins a crying for fair, be-

cause they were turned out of their cart

by their mother chasing acr05s this field,

and who knows but their spines are

tweaked all out of shape for the rest of

their lives; here’s Professor Westren's

eight—dollar glasses trumped to smither-

eens; here’s Manda Robinson with three





Besides th ere





I k

\





JUL Y 17,19».

yards of fifty-cent: trimming tom 01 the

bottom of her skirt, and here’s myself





with both heels blistered and a new pair '





of shoes worn to a frazzle, and this show

has only Just begun, as you might saY.

VVouldn’t it seem as tho it’s time for

somebody to come to his senses? ,



“I don’t suppose it occurs to any of you

that every time this man sells a lot he's

making money enough off the buyer to

pay for forty such presents as he's giving

away. He tells you there may be a.

street-car line thru here and then you’ll

be sorry you didn't. buy. There may be

an air-ship line to the moon some day,

but I'm not going to invest my money

up yonder ’till it comes. You might a:

well be sorry you didn’t buy when the

street—ear line arrives, as to be sorry

you did when it don’t.



“This man tells you that you can pay

about the same as rent and soon own a.

home. The fact is, you can pay him a

whole lot of money and when you get.

thru you’ll have only a lot without a

house on it, worth about a- quarter what

you paid for it. It’s like riding a rock-

ing horse all day. You can put in a tre-

mendous amount of energy, but you

won’t have gone far when it comes night.

On the same conditions offered you, any

good real estate man in Oakdale will sell

you a house and lot, where you can live

while you are making the payments, and

save rent. There’s another thing I want

to mention. The city hasn't agreed to

do a dollar’s worth of work on the

streets that have been laid out on this





additicn, and they will soon grow up to





ragweed and thistles higher than your

head, and that won’t add much to the

value of these lots.



“This scheme seems to have taken

away every spark of reason you have all

got. It’s the races and the Louisana lot-

tery mixed about half and half. I want

to ask you all to think sanely and sob—

erly for about a. minute, and I believe

you will agree with me that the thing to

do is to go home and let these fellows

sit down and wait for the street car.

The streets may be paved out here some

day, but by then a great many of us may

be tip-toeing over golden pavements; and

when the water is piped down this far,

~we may be drinking at the everlastiplg

fountain. If these fellows want to 13’

city taxes on farming land, let themltlo

it, and I reckon they’ll get proper tired

of it soon.”



_ Miss Fatama stopped for breath and

therauctioncer put up a noisy, tho rather

incoherent remonstrance. _



‘filiold on there, you feller,” sounded a.

voice 'from the. crewd. “Miss Fatama

a’n't thru; she's jest stopped a‘t‘a coaling

station.” , ' V



Miss Fatama seemed to realize for the

first time, that she was very much in

the limelight. Her cheeks flushed Grim-

son, but balancing herself uncertainly

on a large stone at the very pinnacle,

she made a final appeal.



“I want to ask Sam Wilton to get on

his wheel and go for a doctor for Deacon

Fordham. To the rest of you‘I'll'say

that I’ve lind among you for a good

while and I've tried to stand for what

I belivvvd to be right. I am coming-

down off this stone pile, and everybody

that sees this business as I do, and pro-

poses to let these smooth talking fellows

leave this town without taking with them

a lot of your hard—earned muncy, with a

contract In ther pocket that you are to

pay them a monthly pension for years;

ahead, just fall into line behind me.

limp your eyes on the knob of the Ilea—

con's cane, which I shall hold high to

indicate that by this sign we here and

n 1w sit down on all contrivances to loot

our townspeople."



The auctioneer mounted to the seat.

cf his Vehic'e and a red-hot torrent of

words flowed from his lips, accentuated

by most heroic gestures, as he tried to

gain the attention of the throng, while

Miss Fatama gingerly made her descent

from the stone heap.



“Three cheers for Miss Fatama," called

Justice I-Ianald, and the neighboring hills

echoed back three thunderous hurrahs,

which completely drowned the voice of

the excited auctioneer, as Miss Fatama,

followed by the crowd to a man, com-

menced her triumphal march back to

town.



Three baffled, confused men leaned

against the auctioneer's wagon and gazed

after vthe hundreds of prospective buyers

disappearing in the distance.



“Jee-ru-see-lam,” exclaimed the ticket





dispenser, giving his knee a resounding





slap. “Knocked out of twenty thousand

dollars as stra‘ght as you can shoot, and

by a woman! Hanged if a fellow couldn‘t

stand it better if she had been even a.

good looking one.”
i

i





 





a"





 





JULY 17. 1909.





MACKINAC, THE BEAUTIFUL ISLAND.

(Continued from page 43).

a. stranger’s attention is the fort that





'overlooks the harbor. Away'to the left,





however, I had pointed out to me, Lov-

er’s Leap, and Pontiac’s Lookout. Nearly

every locality has its lover‘s leap, and the

stories differ but little, so we will waste

no time on this one, and while Pontiac’s

Lookout may be a fine place for a look-

out I doubt much that the great chief

used it as such, for there is nothing in

history to prove that he ever saw the

island. As the boat came into the har-

bor our whole interest centered on the

fort. It is not a modern fort by any

means, but looks something more like a

castle than a fort, with its huge block-

houses and thick walls with loop-holes

surrounded with the heavy masonry.

Unique it certainly is, and without a

duplicate in America. Something of this

flitted thru my mind as, with a young

girl companion, I climbed the sloping

path that led from the fort to the village

below.



We entered the grounds and I looked

around with a dreamy delight. It seemed

as if at any moment we might hear the

bugle call or a salute from one of the

big guns that overlook the harbor, so

real is it all. We wander around at will,

pausing once near the monument that is

erected to the memory of William Beau-

mont. The monument is four huge stones

one on top of the other, and the whole

surmounted by a round stone with this,

inscription:



“Near this spot William Beaumont, U.

S. A., made tliOse experiments upon

Alexis St. Martin which brot fame to

himself and honor to American medicine.

Erected by the U, P. and Michigan State

Medical Societies, July 10, 1900.”



Every school child that is old enough

to study physiology lmoWS what those

experiments were, and so this was but





' 'fl’HErleICHIGAN FARMER‘.





tou Of the lakes, and- that the Arch Rock

was the doorway by which he entered

the island. He came always from the

east, and carefully ascended and proceed-

ed with stately step to the Sugar Loaf,

which their fancy said was his lodge.

Following ‘his example, we, too, turned





5.





our footsteps toward the rock. It was

easier found than the other, or else it

seemed so because we kept strictly to

the highway instead of turning aside to

find a path thru the woods. It was not

so imposing to my notion as the Arch,

altho it is very picturesque, set as it is

in a wall of green, for it is surrounded

by the wild forest.



For some time after this we just wan-





 





 





 





 





Old Mission Church at Mackinac—a Landmark of the Past.





another incident to add honor to





Mackinac.



We left the fort grounds a. last and

sauntered out into the. park. Carriages

on every hand stood ready and eager to





'give one a flying trip around the island,





but I never like to do my sight-seeing

in that manner. I am a good walker and

also a dreamer, and I prefer seeing things

in my own way. We turned first into

the drive lending to the Arch Rock. I

suppose we might have followed the drive

and would have. arrived there without

any trouble whatever, but that was al-

together too commonplace for us and we

turned off, taking a wild path thru the

woods. livery little way we stopped to

excl-aim at some new beauty, for the for-

est is preserved in all of its wildness and

no one is allowed to peel a tree or break

a. shrub. \Ve sauntered on until the path

became, rougher and rougher, and was

often anything but an easy one. At

length I stopped in despair: “I am sure

we have come miles and miles,” I de—

clared, “and there is no arch in sight

yet, but the road is just ahead of us and

I make a motion that we get back into

that and try and find out where -we are.”



W'e clambcred back into the road and

10! there was the very thing we sought

—thc Arch Rock. I looked at it With

interest. To me it is another mighty

work of the Creator, but I could not

'Wonder that the untutored savage, with

his poetical imagination, had fancies con-

'cerning it. They thot the island was

the favorite haunt of Michibou, the Mani-





\





dered Where fancy led us. I gave myself

up to the witchery of the island, some-

times smi‘ing drcamily at the eXt-lama-

tions of my companion as some new

beauty aroused her girlish enthusiasm.

In mind I was back again hundreds of

years. I could almost see the painted

redmen as they picked their way thru

the underbrush beneath the beautiful

cedars or stopped to rob the birch of

its bark. The scent of the balsam was





 





Wonderful Arch Rack, the Source of Many Fanciful Indian Tales.





in the air and I drew great whiffs of it

into my lungs. In no place can purer air

be found. .



On some of the tree trunks we noticed

names and dates cut, some of them years

before by visitors like ourselves. But

indeed, there is no use for me to try to





 





describe the beauty of the place. Words

fail, and I find myself unable to give

even a faint conception of what it really

is. This much I will say, that I have

seen many places and most of them did

not come up to What my conception of

them would be. There was always at

the first a feeling of disappointment, but

it was not so here. Mackinac was fairer

than even I had dreamed that it could be.



At the eastern end of the island is a.

broad cliff over a hundred feet above the

beach that is named Robinson‘s Folly.

I think all that is really known of the

christening is the fact that it was named

for Captain Robinson, who belonged to

the. garrison for a number of years,

There are, however, many stories as to

how the rock received its name, but for

want of space I will give but the one

that to me seems most probable. That

is to the effect that the captain built a.

bower, a summer resort I dare say, on

this cliff, and here he was wont to enter—

tain his friends; and one night a gale of

wind swept the frail house onto the

beach below. Some claim the gallant

captain was in the house at the time

and H) met his death, but history does

not record any such incident.



At length we turned our rather un—

willing steps again toward the village,

for l remembered there was another

thing that I was very anxious to see—-

the old mission church. “’0 followed

the street along the bay until we came in

sight of it. No one had to point that;

out for 118, for there it stands, weather-

bcaten and Old, a landmark of the past

among the modern buildings on every

side.





THE CLOVER PARTY.





 





BY DORA H. STOCKMAN.



A youthful member of the Clover Club

burst into my “den” one afternoon, cry-

ing and holding up a badly swollen

thumb.



”\Vhat‘s the matter, Allen, what did

you dO?” I questioned between his soils.



“I thot l'd surprise youwand get you

a bouquet of clover lliossolns—bccuuse





-. i. w. . v . m. . sonar-J t.— » .—m .-..-«.-.uum.-w« .u vat. m..- .- .vcmmwzuim‘ mama»:





(9) 4 5





you said you liked them so well, and a

great big bumblebee lit on my nose

when I was picking—hum, hum, and I hit

him vwith my hat and he stung me.’.’

And the tears flowed afresh at the recol-

lection. “Blamed ‘old bumblebees, I

wish’t they was all dead. They aren‘t

good for anything, anyhow,” he continued

wrathfuily.



After I had applied camphor and soda.

to the injured member, and the pain had

somewhat subsided, he came over to my

desk and I knew the questions were

coming.



“You said God made everything for

something. Now, what did He make

bumblebees for?”



“Do you remember, Allen, the pretty

invitation you received from Frank, to

attend his birthday party?”



“Yes, but I don't see what that has

got to do with bumblebees—"



“Not so fast, my boy," I interrupted;

“you admired the pretty violets in the

corner, and you wanted to go very badly,

because you expected to have a nice

birthday supper, with cake and fruit, and

a fine frolic with the boys——” “and ice-

cream, too,’f he added.



“I don't believe you even suspected

that you went to a birthday party this

afternoon, without an invitation, did

you?”



“When, where?" he cried, his eyes-

opening wide in astonishment.



“W'hy, to the Clover birthday party,"

I replied, laughing. “The Clovers invited

the bumblebees and you went without an

invitation and stole some of their supper.

You don’t wonder they Were mad, now,

do you?"



“Did they send real invitations to their

party, Auntie?” asked Allen, with a sly

smile.



“Yes, very real to the bumblebees. All

spring the Clovers have been getting

ready for the party, and during the past

few days they have been decorating the.

whole meadow with a waving mass of

pink blossoms. The invitation was the

sweet-scented perfume that we can smell

so plainly even here in the, house and

which the bees can smell for three or

four miles, for they make a ‘bee-line"

and come to help eat the birthday supper

of nectar.”



“Oh, yes, I knOW,” said Allen; “I like

to pull out the pink part and suck the

sweet out of the bottom. But don’t the

honey bees get the invitation and come-

too?”



“No, not many. The ‘honey bee’s

tongue, or bill, is not long enough to.

reach to the bottom of the ("lover dish.

So it is the bumblebees that especially

enjoy the Clover party.”



“Do the bumblebees bring presents?"



“\Vell,” I replied, "they don't exactly

bring a preSent, but they work hard for

the CloVors every day of the party.

Every time they dip down to get a sip

of the nectar they got thcir logs and

wings covered with pollen. The pollen

is something like the fine dust I showed

you on the lily blossoms, which must

come in contact with the other part of

the flower so that it may bear fruit. So

the bumblebees carry the pollen from

flower to flower, thus fertilizing them so

llliil they will bear sccd, which is their

fruit."



“That’s what papa meant, then, when

he said the. other day he thot he would

cut the second crop for seed this year as

there were so many bumblebees. I

couldn't see what he meant. Do other

Ilow'ors give birthday parties. Auntie?”



“Uh, ycx', all kinds of (lovers, besides

the garden ilowcrs and the wild llowers.

When the homy bees go to the white





 





LA...”





I





~





 





A Buckeye Farm Bey who is very Proud of his Useful Pets.

I am sending a picture of myself and my pets which I think are a very good kind of pets. I use one of the ponies





and the dog for bringing up the cows.

ponies save many a trip for the farm team, such as going to town, which is 11/2 miles away.

the harness for the ponies out of old farm harness and it answers the purpose very well.





W. Hentzelman, Trumbull County, Ohio.





The dog could bring them alone if it





Were not for opening the gate. The

My brother and I made

I am 11 years old—Perry
46 _ do)

clover parties, they make the honey that

is so clear and beautiful; the nectar they

gather at the buckwheat parties is the

dark amber color that we call “buck-

wheat honey.” When bees are near the

woods they sometimes make honey from

the basswood blossoms and in the fall

they make a beautiful yellow honey from

the goldenrod flowers."



“It must be fun to attend so many

parties," sighed Allen, a little enviously.





“Yes, but you must remember that

the ‘bee parties’ are for work instead

of fun, tho I dare say they enjoy it if

we may judge by the buzzing they make.

In fact, these bees are really called

‘workers’ because they are so busy.

The drones do not hatch out until later,

and they are soon driven out by the

workers. Those were drones which you

boys brot in late last summer and which

you were so surprised at because they

did not sting. They are sometimes called

‘shade bumblebees.’ The ‘sting' is given

the workers to protect their homes with,

the hive, with its honey, and the drones

do not need it. That is another proof,"

I added. “that God furnishes each of His

creatures with just the things it needs

to do its work in the world."





“I have noticed lots of bees on the

apple blossomes in the spring,” said

Allen; “do they have to pollenize them,

too?”



“Most of the fruit trees are what is

called self-fertilizing, and would bear

fruit without Outside help, but they bear

more and better fruit when they are

‘cross-fcrtilized' by the bees carrying the

pollen from one flower to another. Then

there are the small fruits, like some

strawberries, that raise the pollen on

separate plants, so you see how necessary



. the bees are to carry pollen for them. In

fact, some greenhouse men who raise

flowers and vegetables, like melons, cu-

cumbers, and tomatoes in glass houses

keep swarms of bees to carry the pollen

from flower to flower.”



“\Vhat do the bumblebees do when

winter comes?” asked Allen, eagerly.

“Do they make hives?”



“No, they could not build hives, and

only the queen bces survive the cold

weather by lying dormant in some par-

tially protected place under boards, the

bark of trees, and old buildings."



“Then what next?”



“In the spring when it begins to get

warm she comes out and collects honey

and pollen for her new home, which is

very often a deserted field mou-se‘s nest.

She builds the cells, lays the eggs and

feeds the young until they are ready to

work. Then the young bees, which are

small workers, assume the family burden

of gathering food and supplies while the

queen continues to lay eggs. There will

be several broods of larger workers and

then the drones or males, which, with the

queens, leave the nest, the drones dying

when cold weather comes and the queens

beginning their long winter nap."



“Isn’t it wonderful, Auntie? I never

supposed they knew enough to do all

that. It is just like a fairy story," cried

the boy, with shining eyes.



“Truly more wonderful than

tales, because these are true.”



“Isn’t it all right to kill wasps and hor-

nets and burn their nests? They don’t

pollcnize or gather honey, do they?" ad-

ded Allen, anxiously.



“No, they don’t gather so much honey,

only enough for themselves as they feed

their young on insects. Otherwise they

are much like their cousins the bees.

’l‘heir quecn also is the only one to live

thru the winter. She is not content with

an old house someone clsc has left, like

the bee queen, but gathers wood which

she makes into pulp for her paper house.

And men learned from the humble hornet

how to make paper out of wood pulp."



“They must have been the first paper

makers, then,” said Allen thotfully.





fairy





“God taught them that as well as all

their other knowledge, which for lack of

:1 better word, we call ‘instinct,’ ” Iadded

rcverenlly. “After the house is finished

she makes the cells and lays the eggs

similar to the bee, but when the eggs

are hatched she feeds them, instead of

honey, insects which she has finely

chewed, quite like some birds do their

birdlings. The first hatched are the

small workers, then come the larger

workers and the drones. The queens lie

dormant in the winter, like the bees, to

begin the round of life in the spring.

These are the ‘social wasps.’ ”



“How do they help if they don't lay

up honey?"



“They are chiefly useful because they

kill countless caterpillars and slugs that

destroy the leaves and fruit of both

trees and vegetables. Mrs. Treat says.

‘I rather have a colony of white-faced





 





   





THE .MICHIGAN E‘ARMER. a





hornets in my garden and orchard than

barrels of London purple.’



‘_‘It is very interesting to watch the

‘solitary wasps.’ They do not build paper

castles like the others, but each one by

herself digs a burrow in the ground in

which she lays her eggs. These must be

provisioned so that the young will have

something to feed on when first hatched.





“Caterpillars and spiders are the chief

food, and it is curious to see them get

them. In the garden you»will be most

likely to see them 'at work. When

Madam Wasp sees a nice fat caterpillar

on a. leaf she flies at 'him and down he

goes on to the sand. The poor worm

must suspect what is coming for he rolls

around and doubles himself up like a

ball trying to wiggle out of sight of his

enemy under some friendly clod. After

a fierce struggle the wasp gets her vic-

tim turned over and, while she holds

him with her legs, with great care she

stings him between the sections of the

body on his back so that he is not killed

outright but simply paralyzed.”



“Then what does she do?" questioned

the boy.



“Then," I continued, “she flies away

with her burden straight to her burrow.

And, strange as it may seem, tho she

digs the burrow, lays the eggs, and pro-

visions it all in three or four days, and

begins-another one, yet each time she

flies she never seems 1p forget where

each new one is. She, too, guided by

some strange animal reason, flies

straight as a ‘bee-line’ to her nest.



“Such is the life of these busy crea-

tures. Someone has estimated that four-

fifths of the animals of the world are

insects. If it were not for the wise

Creator’s plan of making one kind a

check on the other, they would multiply

so rapidly that man would hardly be able

to get a. living on the earth. The bal-

ance in the living world is kept by one

creature preying on another.”



”I never thot before that such little

things could be of any use. I guess 1

better find out before I kill any more,

whether they are enemies or friends,”

concluded Allen,





 





COMPENSATIONS IN CAMPING.





 





BY M. V. B.





Ono’s feelings partake somewhat of

those of a pioneer when tramping along

on the lake front in search of a suitable

spot in which to pitch a tent or tents.

Wisdom, or experience, which are much

the same, will prompt the selection of a

place with some protection from the pre-

vaiiing winds of the locality. If in a cool

climate, one should by all means have a.

small stove in which drift wood may be

burned to provide the necessary warmth

and dryness in case of rains. There are

a few elementary instincts or physical

characteristics of man which should not

be trifled with under any conditions,

surely not at such a time as this; one,

is a craving more or less intense~mostly

more—«for food; one, for bodily warmth,

and one, for sleep. These should be taken

care of in the most simple and satisfy-

ing way possible. Everything else will

follow as a matter of course.



The floor of your tent may not be of

hardwood, nor overlaid with rugs; so

much the better, you will not have to

sweep, and twigs of balsam fir and cedar

are more healthful than the most beau-

tiful rug.



The walls may not be covered with

pictures nor hung with tapestry; you do

not have to keep them clean, and it is

more than likely that your surroundings

furnish scenery to the artistic eye far

ahead of any that you have ever seen

on canvas. For instance, a sunrise or

sunset on the water, with all the varia-

tions that this plunomcna assumes from

day to day. A beautiful mrmnlight scene

with illuminated boats plying from port

to port. If these do not satisfy you, try

to imagine a scene like this: 2 a. m.

Air soft and balmy. Water lazily lap-

ping the shore with a scarcely perceptible

motion, and over its glimmering surface

a veil of softest moisture which falls from

the edge of the blue canopy above which

is thickly strewn the stars; one, Venus,

just at the union of mist and sky, hangs

like a huge diamond, reflecting its sil-

very light across the waters to the very

edge of the shore line, a harbinger of

the new day which is about to dawn.

Surely, “The heavens declare the glory

of God, and the firmament showeth his

handiwork.”



The bed may be utterly devoid of

springs and mattress it may be made of

rough boards, covered with cedar and

balsam, and possibly a, thin covering of

straw if you are, over-fastidious: you wil

soon be sleeping so soundly that nothing





but the call to breakfast or the playful

sporting of grasshoppers,’ “Daddy Long-

legs,” or spiders over your face . will

arouse you. And then,~it is advocated

by some that a flat, rather hard, surface

is better for the nerves than to lieon

“downy beds of ease.” ,



You miss your bath room and its sup-

ply of hot water; never mind, a cold

morning plunge or sponglng is more ben-

eflcial than the use of warm water, and

you will soon learn to long for it and

miss it when deprived of it. The water,

too. is of the finest, clear and sparkling.





The cooking utensils may be few, so

few, indeed, that each vessel must serve

several purposes; result, fewer dishes

to wash and excellent training in habits

of neatness and reserve.



The table appointments are doubtless

very unpretentious, in fact, at home you

would call them meagre and inefficient;

you will not think about them at all, you

will be so busy eating. _



The usual cuts of meat and conven-

tional fowl are probably not at hand;

what do you care, when you have plenty

of the tinny and feathered tribes of your

own and your neighbor camper's catch-

ing. Anyone can have roast beef, but

not many have all the fresh fish, part-

ridge and the like that they want.



Possibly you have no ice cream freezer

with which to prepare your favorite des-

sert; what of that, when there is an

abundance of huekleberries to be had for

the picking, also red raspberries and

blackberries.



Do you think you will miss your morn-

ing waffles, doughnuts, or toast and

poached eggs? Not a bit of it, with

meal pancakes and bacon.



Quite likely some lobes of your lungs

have never been fully inflated from your

constant OCCupancy of a house and sleep-

ing in poorly ventilated rooms. You will

get a liberal supply of pure fresh air in

your tent, and no doubt when you return

home you will find that your Sleeping

rooms seem stuffy.



Do you think you will long for mati-

noes and musicals? The ever-changing

rythm of the waves, the play of light on

the water and the beautiful cloud effects,

the cry of the sea gulls and the antics

of the young ones who seem to know no

fear, the whistle of the boats, the chirp

of the crickets, and, on foggy nights, the

wail of the fog Whistle like the mourning

of some crustaccous monster for her off-

spring, all are fruitful sources of enter-

tainment.



The absence of a daily paper may be

one of your greatest aversions to camp—

ing; but I assure you that in a camp of

a half dozen families there is something

interesting happening every day, and the

morning reports of the invasion at night

of the kitchen tents by the fearful furry

fellow whose aromatic remonstrance at

any interruption keeps the gamesters

from sending some shells into him, are

heard and passed on with great interest

and alacrity, as are the usual fish stories.



Your domicile is no doubt lacking in

natural gas or electric lights; it may be

that your only interior light is furnished

by an old flickering oil lamp with a

smoked chimney, but just step outside

and watch the brilliant display of north-

ern lights and meteors, then look along

the shore for the cheerful bonfires.





But what can I do.,‘ Well, hunt and

fish, and fish and hunt. Swim and row,

row and swim. Gather driftwood for the

evening bonfires in anticipation of the

marshmallow and corn roasts. Take

long walks so :is to increase your appe-

tite. Go after the mail at least once a

day, depending upon your distance from

the posioflicc. Sketching, reading, writ-

ing, or any pcrsmal frills of occupation

may be indulged in,



Are you nervous? Just the place for

you. After a night or two the utter in-

difference with uhich you view spiders,

crickets, Daddy Longlegs, grasshoppers,

etc., a few attempts at making your

toilet by the aid of a small hand glass,

and similar slight irregularities will com-

municate itself to your attitude toward

the vexing details of your business or

profession, and you will be able to move

serenely along without wishing or worry-

ing. However, if you have not a bit of

inclination nor aptitude for getting the

best out of the least, you had better

stay at home and go thru the regular

routine, or go to some hotel or boarding

house where the usual wall of trifling

conventionalities may stand between you

and any rugged wrestling with natural

realities.





 





Blobbs: “A politician always reminds

me of a piano." Slobbs: “How so?"

Blobbs: “If he’s square he’s considered

old-fashioned.”—Philadelphia Record.





v





 





, , morn. 1900.

THE SUNDAY sci-icon. PICNIC.





 





BY nu 0. name warring





Our Sunda School had a picnic

And we had the nicest time!

All the rigs and wagons

Went right along in line.





You ought to have Seen the banners

And the flags and evergreens,

Everybod all dressed up,

Even ri bons on the teams.





Candy by the bushel,

Cakes and pies galore,



It seemed as if the table'd break

If they piled on any more.





Boat rides on the river,

Wading, and hammocks and swings.

The minister’s just the jolliest man

And does the jolliest things!





I used to think that he was crass

And did not care for boys,



But my! he played the nicest games

And didn’t mind the noise.





All day we ran and shouted.

All day we played and ate,

'Till the sun began to set

And our mothers said ’twas late.





So we gathered up the dishes

And the baskets round about,



Then on our way toward home

We slowly started out.





Of course I was so very tired

I had to ride with mother,

But best thing ’bout a picnic is

Next year there’ll be another.





 





SMILE PROVOKERS.





 





Farmer (showing town nephew round

the farm): “That bull is two years old."





Nephew: “How do you know?" “By

his horns.” “Oh, to be sure, he has only

we.”





“That man tinkering at that automo—

bile was a poor man only a couple of

of years ago, now he's a successful busi-

ness man. He’s a great pusher!" “Well,

he needs to be a great pusher if he ex-

pects to get that auto back home!"



Tailor (to Tommy’s mother, who is or-

dering her boy’s suit): “Do you wish

the shoulders padded?" Tommy: “Ma,

ma, have them pad the seat of the

pants!”—Life.



,“There is no doubt that Chumpleigh

has the correct appreciation of what is

expected of a city farmer." “What has

he done now?” “Why, he has just sunk

a $1,400 well on his place in order to sup-

ply water to his $14 cow.”





KINKS.





Kink l.—Dr0p-l_etter Proverb“.





 





 





 





My li-n-s e-e 4-!» 9+. 0- y-u- 5-). Hi -e¢- s-i—k





Kink ll.-—Disguised Advertisers.





Following is the list of ten advertisers

in our June 19 issue which won the prize,

a denatured alcohol lamp, for the best

correct set. The author is Edward J.

Archer, of Michigan. Transpose the let—

ters of each sentence and get the names

of the advertisers which he selected.

Polly can't find man.



Scat it for big motion drama.

Not hard places to cattlemen.

Hit chief manager, Mr!

Many nice, honest people match gait,

Earth is frog camp hymn.

Sod hut cream shake.

Hate sod all over a carpet.

Incorporate Ma a scare.

Measles in great canoe race,

Kink lll.—Word Square.

A medicine.

Profit; gain.

A fine clay.

1Wrong.

Prophets.

Prizes for Straightening Kinks.





To the first 20 who send us correct

answers to ALL of the above Kinks.

we will give choice of a package of 59

post-cards representing a trip around the

world, a Copy of “Concrete Construction

on the Farm," or a good fountain pen.

Where contestant or some member of his

family is not a regular subscriber a.

year's subscription (75c) must accompany

answers. Answers must not reach us

later than Aug. 14, as correct solutions

will be published in issue of Aug. 21, Ad.-

dress answers to Puzzle Dept., Michigan

Farmer.



Answers to June 19 Kinks.





Kink 1. Fish Anagrams.—Shad, sword—

fish, salmon, mackerel.



.Kink ll. Disguised Presidents.—Wil—

11am Howard Taft, John Quincy Adams,

Ulysses Simpson Grant, Rutherford

Birchard Hayes.



Kink ill. Disguised Advertisers.—See

Kink II above for best list sent in.



June 19 Prize Winners. ,



As indicated in Kink II above, the de-

natured alcohol lamp is awarded to Ed-

ward J. Archer. The 10 solvers sending

next best solutions are: Clive Davis,

H. S. Babcock, Elsie A Davis, Miss Edna

Schulze, Spencer Sutphin, W. A. Rob—

erts, Ross H. Smith, Anna M. Dixon and

H. L. Ballard.





Ptofwflpp‘I-Aootou





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OFiNTEREST @—

» «no TO WOMEN





 





HOME CHATS WITH FARMERS:

WIVES.





 





The Summer Hostess.





The duties of a hostess are, onerous -





enough at best. There are so many

things dependent upon this personage

not alone for the physical well-being oi

her guests but for the entire atmosphere

of the home during their visit. It is no

easy matter to maintain an even balance

under circumstances not always con;

tributory to such a condition, yet at

whatever cost this must be done. With

a house party on hand, whether or not

the formalities of an invitation have been

extended, it becomes obligatory that

every effort be made to have all go or!

smoothly and without the least semblance

of friction.



Where there are children among the

guests it may require an additional

amount of tact ,on the part of the hostess

and her family to prevent an occasional

outbreak, especially when, as is some-

times the case, the youngsters in ques-

tion are not altogether Well governed by

the parents. Nothing more quickly brings

about strained relations between even the

best of friends than differences between

their children. Naturally each sees an

offense first in the offspring of the other

and it takes an unusually fair-minded

person to maintain an entirely impartial

view, of a. dispute of any kind where

children are involved. And an ill-bred,

saucy child can stir up a whole lot of

disturbance if left to its own sweet will

at any time. An over-indulgent mother,

one who pays scant attention to the do-

ings of her bOy or girl can make life mis-

erable for her hostess. The very best one

can do under such circumstances will be

to put up with it with as good a grace

as possible and pray the fates to make

the visit a short one. But to sit meekly

by and witness without protest the

wholesale destruction of one’s cherished

treasures, whether these be in the gar-

den, theaparlor or the poultry yard calls

for more grace than the average woman

possesses. I have in mind one youngster

of whom it was reported that he ma-

lici-ously twisted the necks of a brood of

young ducks after pulling up the prized

gcraniums of the hostess to make him-

self a bouquet. Such cases are happily

rare. Yet it cannot be denied that chil-

dren may easily become a terror to the

entire family where they are being en-

tertained.



Many country hostesses prefer to get

extra meals for their summer guests

rather than have them sit down to the

family table when this includes the hired

help. Besides this, the early breakfast

hour ordinarily observed in the country

is an innovation upon which the city

guest does not often look with favor.

Occasionally one is found who is up with

the lark and out to see what is going on,

but these seem to be exceptions, and the

energetic young chantileer whose ambi-

tious attempts to announce the break

of day might hear himself anathemized in

no uncertain tones could he understand

the thots emanating4 from the guest

chamber some of those fine mornings.



The summer hOSteSS usually tries to do

all she can for the entertainment as well

as the refreshment of her guests. She

spreads the table with every bounty of

the farm, remembering that with some

of them they may have only a passing

acquaintance. Cottage cheese is a delicacy

highly prized by urbanites, while even

clabbcr, served cold with sugar has been

known to tickle the palate of city folks

more than once. Of course, clabber is

merely what, in farmhouse parlance, is

termed “loppered milk,” but it seems to

be relished by those whose tastes are

educated to it.



Probably nothing appeals more strongly

to the City appetite than rich country

cream. The big pails of foamy milk

come in for their share of attention, too,

and it brings a smile to the lips of the

habitat to note the eagerness with which

cupful after cupful of the lacteal fluid

is drained fresh from nature's laboratory.



Undoubtedly the most welcome of city

guests are those who make as little

trouble as they can and who do not forget

to return the complimentrby extending

a cordial invitation to visit them- Those

who do this and who carry out the plan

by striving to make their country friends

have a good time in the city, show thereby

that they are appreciative. There is no





reason why this sort of exchange may





not be mutually beneficial and a source or

pleasure to both parties. And this is the

way it should be.





A SIMPLE, EFFECTIVE SHIRT WAIST

PATTERN.





 





BY IDA NEJWLAND COLE.



The shirt waist design shown, altho

simple to work is very dainty and is

suitable for any material, however fine.

It needs mercerized embroidery cotton

No. 5 or T, for working this.



The heavy side of the leaves are worked

in solid embroidery, while the other side

is worked in stem stitch and eyelet. It





 





is well to begin the de— 0

sign with the stemming;

this is the least interest—

ing to do, and it’s nice to

get it out of the way.

The stems are worked

thus: Holding the work

in the left hand we start

at one end of the stem,

bringing the thread up 0

from the wrong side.

Holding the end of thc

stem we are working on, 0

toward us and taking a

stitch with the needle

pointed toward us; the

next stitch is one stitch

beyond the point where

we inserted the needle

for the first, etc., working

away from us, being

careful to throw the

thread above the work

each time, for if it is

thrown below, or first

one side of the needle,

and then the other, it o





0





makes a very uneven

stem.

Before working the 0





solid embroidery, we will

outline the two parallel

lines with running I

stitches, and also fill in between them

with the same, for padding. It is better

to use coarser cotton for this, and we

may use either the embroidery or darn-

ing cotton, which is just as good. Then,

with the finer thrcud again we will cover

the running stitches with tho short cross

stitches, that is, putting t‘IlG needle in on

one side of the padding and out at the

other. This is really working it over

and over and makes the solid or French

embroidery. Now following the outline





 





 





 





 





 





nil-IE ‘M-IQHIG‘AN FARMER.





without ‘clipping. This completes onc

leaf. Each leaf is worked the same.





 





WAYS OF SERVING GREEN PEAS.





 





BY PANSY VIOLA'VINER.





There is no greater delicacy than fresh

green peas, and no vegetable that requires

so little effort to cook and serve in an

acceptable manner. Peas lose their

sweetness very soon after being picked,

and so they should not be shelled until

just before cooking. Peas can be easily

spoiled by cooking them too long; if the

water is boiling when they.are put in, 10

or 20 minutes will be plenty long enough

if the peas are young and tender. If the

peas are old and have been picked for

some time they should be run thru a

sieve after they have been cooked and

used in soup or puree. Always boil peas

in plenty of water, using about a quart

to a pint of shelled peas. Except for

soups drain off all the water or nearly all





e the water and season

with salt, pepper, butter

and cream.



0 Aplain soup is made by





adding to a pint of peas

a quart of water, and

o boiling for about 20 min-

utes; then add a table-

spoonful of butter, and

o a large tablespoonful of

flour blended in a cupful

of good milk. After stir-

0 ing in the milk boil for

several minutes longer,

then season with salt,

D<‘ppel‘. and a little chop-

per parsley if liked.

Serve with toast.

Another excellent way

to make soup is to take

the shells or pods after

the peas have been 1‘c~

moved, wash and cover

with boilng water and

boil for an hour. Strain

and return the water to

o the fire. As scinn as boil-

ing add a cupful of

young tender carrots cut





in straw-like strips.

Cook for 15 minutcs,

then add the peas and





cook for about 20 min-

utes longer; add a tablespoonful of but—

ter, and a little thickening made with

flour and milk blended; stir in and cook

for a few minutes longer. Add a cupful

or half cupful of cream and season to

taste.



Stewed Green Peas—To 1 quart of peas

add 4 lettuce heads, using only the heart

of the heads, and 1 onion minced fine, the

lettuce should also be cut up. Put in a

stow pan with enough water to cover and

boil for about 20 minutes. Stir in a well-





 





 





Collar to Match Shirt Waist Design Shown Above.





down the other edge of the leaf with the

stem stitch, we'have the leaf completed

with the exception of the eyelets; these

need to be very tiny, so we will use no

stiletto, putting the needle in and moving

around a trifle will make the hole plenty

large.



The eyelets are now worked over and

over, each stitch followed closely by the

next until the whole circle is worked.

The needle is then passed thru to the

other side and the thread fastened, the

thread may be carried to the next eyelet





beaten egg and a teaspoonful of sugar.

Season with 2 tablespoonfuls of butter

and salt and pepper to taste.



Omclcts and Green Peas—Make any

good omclet, put 2 tnblespoonfuls of the

cooked green peas in the center of the

omelet, fold one-half over the othcr, and

turn out in a heated dish. Pour over the

omelet the remaining 1/; cupful of peas

and serve at once: the peas should be

seasoned before adding to the omelet.



Peas with Lamb—Chop 1 pmnri of

lamb: add to this 1 pound of shelled pads





(11) 47





and put in a stew pan and let simmer

slowly in water enough ‘to cover until

they are tender; season with salt, pepper,

butter and cream and serve.



Green Peas with Bacon—Remove the

rind of a small square of bacon, about

half a pound. Parboil for a few minutes:

then put a tablespoonful of butter in a

frying pan and fry the bacon slightly

brown in this. Sprinkle a teaspoonful of

flour over the bacon and fry a few min-

utes longer; then add 3 pints of green

peas and a pint of boiling water, a few

onion stalks and a few sprigs of parsley.

Cook slowly for about a half hour, skim

off the fat and remove the parsley and

onion, season with salt and serve.



Chicken Rolls with Peas—Cut a. pound

of cooked chicken and run thru the meat

chopper; season with salt and pepper, also

a ‘little chopped parsley and a small

minced onion—these can be omitted if

liked. Mix with the chicken a good 2

tablespoonfuls of a good cream sauce or

the stock made into a thick gravy, and a

well-beaten egg. Spread on a flat dish or

plate and let stand for about an hour.

Have a pint of peas cooked and seasoned

and spread these over the chicken mix-

ture. Cut into strips about 6 inches long

and 3 inches wide. Wrap each strip in

good puff paste, brush with a beaten egg

and fry in boiling fat until brown on the

outside.



Peas in Carrot Cups—Scrape carrots,

slicing off the bottom so they will stand

up, and cut to the height of small cups.

Cook the cups and also the ends in boil-

ing water until tender. Chop the ends

up into small pieces. Season 9. pint of

cooked peas with cream and butter, salt

and pepper, or a thickening can be made

for them. Add the chopped carrot ends

and serve in the carrot cups that have

been previously hollowed out.



Peas are nice for garnishing such meats

as lamb, veal, chicken, duck or pigeons,

and they are also nice boiled with new

potatoes.





 





SUMMER DAINTIES.





 





.. BY LAUREL KIRK.



Instead of using the ordinary pie crust

dough for your pic shells use cooky

dough. Any good cocky recipe will do.

Roll it out thin the same as for cookies.

Line the pic tin with it and bake. Then

put- a quart of sweet milk on the stove.

Take the yolks of three eggs, three table-

spoons of cornstarch, the juice of one

orange, and enough water to dissolve the

cornstarch. Beat until smooth, and stir

into the warm milk, boiling it just long

enough for it to become thick and





smooth. Sweeten to taste. Add a lump

of butter the size of a walnut. Stir into

this 2.13 cupful seeded raisins. Fill your





pic shells with this. It will make two

pics. Beat the whites of the eggs, add

a little sugar and spread over the pics

and brown in the oven. Vthn cool,

serve.



When making cookies cut some large

enough to fill your gem pans. Bake them

a“d set away until needed. Then fill

them with a filling made of 1 pint of milk

heated to nearly boiling; beat 2 eggs, :

tublespoonfuls cornstarch and water

enough to thin it, and stir into the milk.

Sweeten and flavor to taste. This will

fill ten or a dozen of the shells. Place

them in your dessert dishes and pour

whipped cream over them.



Another nice dessert, and one that is

easily made, is to take sponge cake and

alternate slices of the cake with a layer

of bananas until your dessert dishes are

filled. Pour over them some nice boiled

custard. Beat the whites of 2 cggs and

spread on. Put a lump of jclly in the

center of each, or sprinkle a little red

powdered sugar on thcm. They look

vcry pretty and taste as good as they

look.



A good puff, one that is quickly and

easily made, is compounded by using 1

quart of flour, 2 teaspoonfuls baking

powder, and a little salt. Mix with water

or sweet milk as for biscuts. Roll out

about an inch in thickness. Cut this with

a small sized biscuit cutter. Drop into

hot lard and fry the same as you would

doughnuts. These eaten warm with

maple syrup, or with a nice sugar syrup

make a good dish for breakfast or tea.





 





Cleanliness rcouircs that flies be kept

from the living and dining rooms.



Flies are also dangcrous to health ac-

cording to the latest findings of scientific

men.



Worrying is warm business for a hot

summer day. Leave it alone till next

winter when it will without ex-

ercise.



The wisest women seek to do more with

the same, or less, energy than they are

now expending. Save energy, not ac-

complishmcnts.





kccp
48 ' (12).





GUARDING AGAINST ACCIDENTS.





._.._.—.





BY CHA‘RLOTTE A. AIKENS. _





A—recent issue of a Detroit daily paper

contained, in a space of about an inch,

the notice of two fatal accidents to two

Michigan children as the result of bottles

of carbolic acid being left within their

reach. The frequency with which such

terrible accidents occur suggests the need

of warning every family into whose home

the Michgan Farmer goes, against care-

lessness in such matters. It is. of

course, quite possible for such accidents

to happen when it would seem that reas-

onable precautions had been taken, but

in most cases there has been more or

less carelessness. Not long ago I was

visiting in a home where there were two

little ones of two and four years. “’liile

their mother was busy in the kitchen,

they pushed a chair into the bath room,

got it up against a wash stand, climbed

on the chair, then on the stand in order

to investigate the contents of a little

medicine cupboard fastened to the wall

.over the stand. When their mother dis-

covered them they were having a per-

fectly lovely time with a bottle of cough

syrup and a box of pills. They had

emptied part of the cough syrup into the

bath tub, fortunately not into them-

selves, and they were seeing how many

of the pills they could crowd into the

cough syrup bottle. It was all a very

delightful “mussy” kind of play for the

little ones. Pinafores, bath tub, floor,

faces, were beautifully smeared with the

brown syrup and fortunately the play did

not end seriously. The mother rescued

them from their perilous pastime, re—

moved the chair, washed their faces and

hands and cleaned up generally. An hour

or so later she returned to find that boy,

the two—ycar—oid, had again gained ac-

cess to that interesting little cupboa’rd

on the wall, helped himself to his father’s

shaving cup and brush and razor. and

while the girl was mixing the lather for

the shaving opcration, he was seated on

the floor wth the razor open, having an-

kind of





othcr new and very delightful

play—such as father played sometimes.

Now this mother was an unusually





careful mother. She realized the danger

of leaving bottle of drugs around on

window sills, on top of sideboards or

dressers or in drawers which children

can reach. The father had made the

little medicine cupboard, and put it, as

he thot, out of reach, but the trouble

was he had put no lock ‘on the. cupboard

and the result came perilously near being

a tragedy. \thre there are little folks

in the, home such accidents are always

to be fcarcd, and ctcrnai vigilance and

all possible precautions, are the only

price of safety. There is little danger of

the families who have bccn bcrcft of

lhcir little ones not being careful in the

future. “'e are all prone to lock the

stable door after the stolen.

liul thcrc is dangcr that some other fam-

ily may, by leaving drugs in unsafe

plat-cs, have a similar experience which

will be a source of grief thruout life.



The best lessons in life atnc those

lcarncd by t-xpcricnce, but they are wise,

“ho prolit by the cxpcrience of others

without having to pay the price for such

a costly bit of cxpcricnce themselves.





horse is





rm" nify

both or

cam-s the,





acclclcnts hoard of

scalding accidents,

which proved fatal. in both

mothers were either preparing to wash

or were in the midst of washing. They

had lcft a tub of scalding water on the.

lloor while they Went out of the house

for a few minutes, and the little toddicrs

in thc home, in playing about, had backcd

the tub and fallen in. scalding

seriously that death re-

time from shock, in





'l‘\\'n olllt‘i‘





have been





against

thcmscivcs so

suited in a short

both cascs.



in another case, the mother had been

making soap and had left the can of

comwntratcd lye on the table while she

turncd to do something else. The child

came along and drank a quantity of the

lyc and dicd in a fcw hours.



Another accident with lyc which, while

scrious, was not fatal. happcucd to a

friend of mine. A kettle of boiling lye

had bccn left sitting on the floor and she

fcll into it. Hands and chest were fear-

fully burned. Another child pulled a pan

of boiling starch off the table and was

{rightfully burned. One of the worst

cases of scalding that i have known to

rccover was a little child who fell face

foremost into a large pot of boiling cab-

bage which his mother had set on the

floor, while she turned around to do

something else. The child will carry the

scars till ‘he. dies.



A most distressing

to an only baby, six months old.





accident happened

In some





   





way she got hold of a. medium-sized

safety pin and put it where babies try

to put everything, into her mouth. For

nearly a week she seemed to have no

special discOmfort from it. Then she

began to cough up blood, and the case

began to look serious. VThe father and

mother were Michigan people. It was in

the days when X—Ray instruments were

few and far between. They took the

baby the long journey from Michigan to

New York to try to have the pin located

by means of the X—Ray. It was located

in the windpipe, with the point upward

and was open. The only chance of get-

ting it out was by cutting into the wind—

pipe—-a perilous piece of surgery on a

frail six months old baby. But it was

the only hope. Few, if any, expected to

see the baby come off the operating table

alive, but as a last experiment, before

making the incision into the windpipe. the

surgeon made another attempt to reach

it thru the throat with a pair of long

forceps when the child was asleep from

the choioroform. This attempt was suc-

cessful, and the baby’s life was saved.

It is a rare accident, but one that might





happen in any home in which there is

a baby.

Leaving open cisterns with movable





covers which children can lift has been

the prelude to several little funerals.



I have known so many accidents to

happen from children making bonfires

of dead leaves or grass or trash of any

kind, that I never see‘ children playing

around such a bonfire without a shudder.

The child who is allowed to be present

at such a bonfire is very apt to try to

start one of his own, the first good

chance he gets.



A bit of school





boy's fun cost a boy





THE MICHIGAN. .EARMER. 1 ' .





DODD ‘& STRUTH’ER’S-





. the danger?





 





whom I know the sight of his right eye.;

One of his chums had gotten hold of a





few gun cartridges at home and brot

them to school to play with. It was-in

the winter. VV‘hile the teacher was out

of the room he put one of the cartridges

on top of the, hot stove and hit it with a

hammcr which the janitor had been us-

ing to fix a window. The result was an

explosion, one of the pieces of cartridge

entering the eye of a boy and destroying

the sight.



“Didn't know it was loaded" accidents

are so common nowadays that they at—

tract little attention. The parcnts who

allow children to trifle with or handle

fircarms of any kind usually pay a big

price for their folly.



In cities where so many families have

no dom'yard at all, or very small ones,

and the children have to use the street

as a playground, the automobile is an

CVcI‘ present source of danger, hard to

guard against.



Fourth of July accidents with explo-

sives, arc accidents that can be foreseen

and prevented in most cases by providing

some diffcrcnt kind of fun for the chil-

dren on that day from playing with fire

crackers and other explosives. These

accidents are less common in country

districts, but they do occur sometimes.

Most of the deaths occurring as the

result of injury from toy pistols and fire

crackcrs Occur from lockjaw or, as it is

lcchnically calicd, “tetanus." The death

from lock-jaw has markedly dc-

since the diScovery of an anti-

onin for that disease. The trouble is

that the diScase is slow in devcioping,

and bcforc the parent applies for treat-

ment for the child, it is often[ too late

for the anti-toxin to have any effect. in

all such accidents it is a safe precaution

to have a dtlSl‘ of the anti-toxin injected

as a preventive of the disease.



Accidents with gaSolinc stoves are

more common among adults than chil-

dren. In most cases they are preventable

by using ordinary prccautions about fili—

ing the stove.



it is true that “accidents will happen

in the best regulated familics,” but three

fourths of such accidents could be pre-

vcnted by using ordinary precautions.

It is not necessary to bc rcaily careless

to have an accident happen. All that is

needed is just not to be sufficiently care-

ful. A word to the wise is suflieient.





l'él l 1'

crcascd





 





“'hcn we moved to our new home in

the country we had about concluded that

we would have to cut down some of the

magnificent trees and pretty shrubs that

grew on the lawn or else do without

blooming plants. We were very fond

of flowers, and it seemed scarcely like

home without the bright—lined blossoms:

yet we felt that we could not part with

the fine trees. so for a number of years

we continued to plant the usual bedding

plant-s and annuals which we had been

accustomed to do but always with the

same result: a scarcity and

of bloom.





 





inferiority





 





 





 

 





 





I . .‘ " ‘ ‘ « . ‘ v.





minim.

mus-ands of

people sleep

belletheeauso

our Lightning

Bods are on

lhei house.





 

 

 

 

 





lIGHTNlNG RODS!





will protect you, your family and our to ert from damage

by lightning. We know they will protgctlyou? for they have

been on the market long enough to prove it.



The best rod on earth will not rotect you unless it is:

properly erected. and you shouldJ select the man who

erects the rods on your buildings with as much care as-

you do the rod he puts u .



. Prof. Dodd devotes is time to the

seientific study of lightning, and instruct-

ing our dealears and teaching them how





 





to properly put up our rods. Our agent’s certificate is

our best protection.



Wouldn’t e were the first Lightning Rod manufacturers to sell

on feel our rods through the dealers, so we had the first choice and

tter if you plcked out the best and most reliable dealers to handle our

knew your rods. We teach each and every one of them how to prop-

buildin erly erect the D. & S. Rods, and then guarantee the job when

were as e they finlsh it. Our guarantee is legal and fully backed by

from the us. Not only that, but when you deal with our agent, we



Lightning guarantee you a square deal.

stroke? ' We mean what we say. ”We guarantee the job our agent.

Look at the does for you, and we guarantee that he will deal honestly



losses 1 and fairlfiewnh you.



Hardlyaday R'eme rI Ours are the Standard Lightning Rods.

but someone Guaranteed absolutely with 9. Legally Binding Guarantee by'





 





 

 

 

 

 





a. firm financially able to make good all it claims.



For fyour protection we print our Trade-Mark on every

spool 0 our rods tand furnish every agent with an agent’ 3

certificate.



There are countless imitations, but we believe there

are none so good as the genuine Dodd & Struthers Rod,

and we want to tell you the advantage of our red and

system of rodding before you make your purchase. Write»

and tell us how many buildings you have and the size of

each one and we will tell you how much it will cost. to red

them with our Standard Rod. Lightning storms are fre-

quent. Don’t take a chance. Write today.





DOD!) & STRUTHEBS, DES MOIIES, IOWA,





Makers of Mghtnlng Rods That Keep out the Lightning.





AT LA fi.i"itii'::tl..FEM ENT





The cement bought by the U.S. Government for the Panama Canal

SEND FOR our; FREE 300K “Concrete Construction .bmun .





Home and on the Farm.” Contains over 100 drawings and illustrations.

THE ATLAS PORTLAND CEMENT CO., Dept. 12, 30 Broad Street, N.Y.

Daily output over 40,000 barrels, the largest in the world.





A $50 MACHINE 0531‘; $19 I





New Model with Ball Bearing Head and Stand--

Automatic Tension Release-«Automatic Lift

Drop Headu-High ArmanK or Walnut Table.





-.-,--' , We Pay the Freight

us 3‘ 'Xiiw90 Days’ Trial





Our new model, im-





gets struck.



VVill it be you

next? or will

you ward off





 





 





\\\\\

\\\\\\‘





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





proved Mich. Farmer sew-

ing machine has cam

thread take up, giving

better control of the



thread and making a bet- ‘

ter stitch than any other

arrangement. Running it

backwards will not break

the thread. It has high-

est arm, disc tension, au-

tomatic bobbin Winder

with loose band wheel,

high lift for heavy work.





All.





 

   

 





MODERN

IMPROVE 3 Guaranteed for

“ms! ‘ Ball-Bearing 20 YEARS.

' Steel Pitman and money refunded if not satis-

factory after 90 days’ trial. Com-

plegeillattaehrgeréts, accessories

an us rate ook free. We

COMPLETE guarantee this machine to be



rst-c ass in every particular.

IN EVERY handsome in appearance and

35953]; equal to any machine made.





Same machine without the au-

tomatic Lift for only $18.





Good Machines as low as $12.





For $7 extra will send the $19 machine with automatic lift in a. hand-

some cabinet frame.



We prepay freight to any freight station east of the Mississippi River, or

south to Tennesse. You cannot afford to buy a machine until you have

sent for our handsome illustrated free catalog, printed in colors.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detrolt, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

   





 





 





 





 





 





revs» *“..~‘«... DAISY. heed on here, of;

upgrades—1:35;, . rum“

, . ."‘:~'v- .."‘nm- .. > . '





' Vi. tal. convenient, cheap.|

“ Lulu “lunch!





2 Made of metal. cannot





”we. .-





.3

“M’s"? E ~ : w' me

~ tom: '- —





21C 1NC,/,;‘/V7V:€15§/t,10l_g'gg:. ‘ "





 





   

 





 

 





 





1Q, \ A spillor tip ovenwill not



7;} Yo... , soil or injure anything.

, \\\',/ Guaranteed ellective.



fé 4 0! dealer: or sent.

IW prepaid [or 20 cents.





nanonn SOMERS»

150 mum: Ave.

Brock:





y’- as '0‘.





   





- .m. -... -v





 





, .- ._ .,

h/I"§‘-*r~’l S“.

spills??? 4M3 it’

_ ,H. mam
_' g. ,.





 





“WW”.





4





   





JULY, 17,‘ 1909:,





4‘. (Continued irom page 42).. .

by eating ice cream which developed

ptomaine‘poisoning; . ‘ . .

Labor troubles are held to be the cause

.of an attempt to wreck the iron works

,of-Whitehead & Kales, of Detroit, last

Friday morning. The company keeps an

open shop and it is believed that union





men are responsible for the affair. No

one was hurt.

The citizens of Flint are much wrot





up over the failure of the Saginaw, &

Flint electric railroad to repave and re-

build the road and streets torn up during

the building of the line thru that place.



The government crop report for July

estimates the largest yield of cereals ever

harvested in the country’s history.



The log' road connecting Manistee with

Lake Mitchell will be made into an elec-

tric line.





 





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





Kent Co.—If July continues dry, as the

latter half of June has been, potato deal-

ers will be singing a new song. We

sampled our early potatoes this morning,

July 8, and was very much disappointed.

Disappointed, because this patch has had

every advantage that potatoes could have

to grow and make a crop. And what did

we find, but three to four tubers in a

hill, the size of a black walnut and

ground as dry as ashes. TWO weeks

drought right now will cut the early

Michigan crop out slick and clean. Sod

corn has not done as well as one might

wish. This includes o'ld meadow, pasture

fields and low land sods. It is a notice-

able fact that these lands are invariably

turned from two to four inches too deep,

excluding the corn roots from the rich,

warm soil immediately underneath the

sod. Hence a two weeks delay in the

time required to grow and mature a

crop. A general move was made on the

hay field July 5, and much good hay has

been gotten in in first—class condition the

present week. The cultivator has been

kept going steadily thru the month of

June, hence the cultivated crops go into

harvest in good shape.



Eaton Co.——In a trip thru the counties

of Eaton, Jackson, Calhoun, Hillsdale and

Branch, early in July, haying had begun

in only two or three fields, and I was

surprised at the small amount of red

clover grown. I saw no fields of it till

.I was in Branch county. There were a

few fields of alsike, but nearly all the

meadows were timothy, and altho a few

were thin, the majority gave promise of

a good yield, and a few were fine. Wheat

fields have become almost a curiosity in

Eatonr county, which used to be one 01

the pauper wheat counties of the state.

Instead’of staying fields of wheat one

sees acres and acres of beans, and they

are small for the season, some not being

‘cultivated yet. Farmers are growing a

El'efifillfleal. more. rye than formerly, in

gun t e co nties mentioned, and one 8098

“Eric M" rleyi"‘heie"‘and““there. Corn

was in all stages, some not large enough

to cultivate, and only one or two fields

that came up to James Russell Lou'cll's

standard, “Fourth of July, knee high.”

K’thre it had been well cared for, it was

surprisingly. well advanced, considering

the backwardncss of the season, and

the consequent lateness of planting. July

10th finds haying in full swing, and har-

vest well begun, both coming in a bunch,

and all teams needed in the corn, beans,

sugar beets and potatoes. Help is almost

impossible to obtain, and the farmer is

Surely having strenuous days just now.

To many it seems absolutely necessary

to put in sixteen hours a day, but the

rush season will be short, fortunately.



Oceana 00., June 30.—On Monday, June

21, we commenced to mow our alfalfa

and tonight I cut a new growth of 15:

inches in length. It goes without saying

that the weather has been very warm

and wet. People are just thru planting

beans and potatoes in this neighborhood.

A very large acreage of beans has been

planted, largely because the weather was

so bad that the ground could not be got

into condition for corn. Our hay crop is

very heavy and if the weather is favor-

able a large, amount of excellent hay will

be secured.

on high ground but on low ground many

pieces of wheat, ryc, oats and peas are

completely washed or drowned _ out.

Prices in our local market are as follows:

Wheat, $1.25; corn, 800; oats, 60c; hay,

$061112 per ton; butter, 180; eggs, 17c.



Lapeer 00., July 5.—Weatln-r cool and

dry, not very promising for corn. ()uls

not doing very well. As it has happened,

potatoes have been planted into and if

frosts do not come too early they may

make a crop. Farmers are a little rushed

with their work; they are cultivating

while they ought to be on the hay field.

We never saw wccds grow so quick and

fast. The writer manurcd a (‘lllVOl‘ mea-

dow early in the season which made a

very heavy crop to plow under for pota-

toes. Plowed about 7 or 8 inches in

depth and worked it very mellow but

found when planting that in some por-

tions of the field it was not worked deep

enough, and therefore dare not drag the

piece afterward for fear that it would

take out the seed. We, therefore put in

a 2—horse cultivator and threw a ridge

over the mark and potatoes so as to

cover the millions of weeds that had

come up and had to be subdued. Wheat

harvest not far distant; the golden tint

can already be noticed. Potato bugs “on





 





hand. Beans in general thruout this

part of the county have come up too

thin. Corn about one—half the size it





was a year ago. It will have to hustle

to make a crop for 1909.



Genesee 00., July 7.——June furnished

good growing weather with plenty of

rainfall. Corn, tho backward, is coming

on nicely; Late potatoes just starting.

Oats looking well. Large acreage of

beans, one of the principal cash crops of

this county. Haying just beginning,

with clover in full bloom. Rain needed

by growing crops; Help is scarce and

high. Prices on farm produce high, altho

a drop has been witnessed within the





, past week. Present quotations follow:





Wheat also promises well‘





 





THE MICHIGAN. FARMER.





$1.37: oats, 500; beans, $2.25;

corn, 780; old hay, baled, $9@11; wool,

31@320; dairy butter, 21c; dressed hogs,

$9.50; beef, $6@8; potatoes, old, 75c;

fowls, dressed, 120; strawberries about

gone, prices fair.



Washtenaw 00., July 2,—Crops have

in a large measure recovered from the

effects of the cold, late spring, altho corn

is and will be very uneven—some looking

fairly well, but I doubt if either corn or

oats make more than 75 per cent of a

crop. Wheat is turning for the harvest

and much more than an average crop.

Haying started, with a fair yield; old

timothy meadows not yielding extra.

Prices of farm staples about the same,

all but oats, which have eased off 5c.

Butter, 25c; eggs, 180.



Northern Isabella and Southern Clare

005., June 28.—Good growing weather,

with cool nights. Not extra good weather

for corn but quite a large acreage oi

beans coming on nicely. Lots of them

cultivated, some just coming up. Wheat

doing nicely but thin on the ground; oats

and peas doing well but oats are one

month late; hay promises to be a large

crop.





Wheat,





MICHIGAN CROP REPORT.





Wheat—Crop correspondents thruout

the state, with 'few exceptions, report

wheat in good condition, with prospects

of better than an average yield and of

extra quality. The average estimated

yield in the southern counties is 17, in

the central and northern counties 15 and

in the state 16 bushels per acre. The

total number of bushels of wheat mark-

eted by farmers in June at 109 mills is

62,090 and at 52 elevators and to grain

dealers 21,603, or a total of 83,693 bushels.

Of this amount 53,442 bushels were mark-

eted in the southern four tiers of coun-

ties, 26,478 in the central counties and

3,773 in the northern counties. The esti-

mated total number of bushels of wheat

marketed in eleven months, August-June

is 10,000,000. The amount of wheat yet

remaining in possession of growers is

estimated at 500,000 bushels. One hun—

dred and ten mills, elevators and grain

dealers report no wheat marketed in

June.



Ryc.-—The average estimated yield of

rye in the state and the different sec-

tions is 15 bushels per acre.



Corn—The condition of corn in the

state and southern counties is 83, in the

central counties 80 and in the northern

counties 8:”).



Buckwheat—The acreage of buckwheat

sown, compared with an average for the

past five years in the slate. southern

and northern counties is 87 and in the

central counties 85.



Beans—Tho acreage of bonus planlcd,

as compared with an average for the past

five years in the southern counties is 04,

in the central counties 103, in the north-





 





ern counties 96 and in ‘the state 97. The

condition of beans, ' compared with an

average in the state and the different





sections is 91.



Potatoes.—-Thc condition of polatocs in

the southern counties is 03, in the central

counties 90, in the northern counties 91

and in the state 02.



Sugar Beets—The condition of sugar

beets in the state and soulhern (‘lllllllll‘S

is 88, in the central counties; ill and in

the northern counties 84.



Clover.»—The condition of clover sown

this year, as compared with an average





in the. state and central counties is fill,

in the southern counties 97 and in the

northern counties 93.



The acreage of clover that will be





htirvcslml, compared with an average for

the past live years in the southcrn i'lllll-

ties is 70, in the central and northern

counties Si. and in thc state til.





 





Timothy. The acrcagc of timolhy that

will be harvested, compared with on





in the

control

8.3





past live years

is 75, in the

northern counties





average for the

southern counties

counties 90, in the

and in the state 940.



Peas—The acreage of peas sown. cmu





pared with an average for the past live

years in the southern counties is 86. in

the central counties 85, in the northern





counties 98 and in the state Rh.



Fruit—Tho prospect for the apple. poor,

peach and plum crop is not us fuvoroblc

as it was on Juzu- 1st owing to a heavy

June drop and ravages by lllsvcls.





The prospect for a crop of pcachr-s in

the counties included in the Michigan

Fruit Belt is as follows:



Alli-gun ............................... 68

Borricn ............................... 81

Ionia .................................. 70

Kent .................................. 69

Ottawa ............................... 73

Van Ruren ............................ 7i

Muskegon ............................ 85

Ncwaygo . . . . . ........................ 65’.

()(Ti'llllil ............................... 77

13011le ................................ 10:“)

Leelanau ......... . ................... RI;

Munislce ................ . ............. 92‘.

Mason ................................ 80

Ayurngo for Michigan Fruit Belt 77

Average for Michigan Fruit Bell, 1908. 03





The following table of percentage repro-





scnts the prospect for an average crop

of the different fruits in the stale and

the different sections:

State. So. Cen. Nor.

Cos. Cos. Cos.

Apples 66 59 72 88

Peaches . . . ..... 67 63 69 87

Pears . . . . . . . 3 57 69 81

Plums ........... 67 63 72 82

Orchards, % cul. . 37 33 87 61

TN” condition

of new ........ 85 87 78 88

Grapes .......... 87 88 87 84

Black Raspberries 89 89 87 95





 





By cable from the London ofl’ice of the

\Valter A. Wood .Mowing and Reaping

Machine Co. comes the information that

one of this company's machines has just,

been awarded first prize at the big

industrial show now on at Johannes-

burg, South Africa.





 





 

 





Prcfcrrcd Stock

ing old “Preferred" Stock), and a quar-





 





oo 49





 

 

 

 





 





Lodged wheat

is dead loss because you

can’t harvest it—you can't threSh

it—you can’t sell it.



If your wheat is lodged resolve that next

year you will get straw strong enough to bear



the heaviest wheat your land can produce.

That means Potash. It fills out the grain and makes

a sturdy, elastic stalk for the grain to ripen on—keeps it



standing for the harvester.





Potash Pays





Unless your wheat fertilizer is 2-8-6, it's too low in Potash. Two

pounds of Muriate of Potash to each 100 pounds of fertilizer increases

the Potash total one per cent.



Send for new Farmers' Note Book—about soil. crops,

manurcs and fertilizers-*1 practical book compiled by experts.



Mailed on request. free.





German Kali Works, Monadnock Bldg.. Chicago





NEW YORK—~93 Nassau Street

Atlanla, “-1224 Candler Bldg.





 





througho





, , - use of their power and

effiue .





e only windmills in

hanical principles.

rr mills, twice the

themselves. Are





not damage or





contain -\

mills, *Q ter works, suburban

water. .. ating mills and farm

pumping ou .

We also m uf

Siover Gasolin .





Slover Manufacturh ;





. -. aied Ideal Feed Grinders and

g :. Send for catalogs—they are free.





' rm: ny, 28 Samson Ave., Freeporldll.





 





 





FOR SALE—New Bulck 1909 Modele‘io

40 H. P., iully equipped vuth



top, automatic wind shield, 5 lamps and generator.

new set of quick detachable tires, not run over 100

miles, also two extra tires with cover for some,

Jones speedometer. clock, magneto, in fact a most

complete car. If sold quick $1,250. SeatsS people.

R. D. MAKER, 139 Besubleu SL, Detroit, Mich.





Per Bushel for the next crop of





WHEAT





$1 I50 is the prospect at this time.





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Why glve your land ROCK when it asks for BONE



Good Agents Wanted. Wrile for Booklet.





Hirsh, Stein & 60., Chicago. III.





or, B. G. IflSTEDO, Detroit, Mich.





United States Rubber 60.





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The Board of Directors of the United

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YOUNG MEN WANTED—To learn the

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free. Address VETERINARY COLLEGE

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For booklet contain-

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Northwestern Publicity Bureau, Rock Springs, Wyo:

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to an acre





WHY PAY RENT,





near Saginaw and Bay City. Write for Inn and -

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(owners) 15 Merrill bldg., Saginaw. W. 8.. Mich. I

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li-rly dividend of One and One-half Per :gl::sgfi?gleoapglcfes. Maps um: descriptive pam-

(, \ n ‘ 1 , , C ,1, me upon sppl cation to STATE

,7 nt L l the Stcond Prefeilcd Stm.. or BOARD OF IMMIGRATION, Baltimore, Md.





 





this Company, to Stockholders of record

at 3 p. m. on Thursday, July 15th, 1009,





A FERTILE COUNTRY





 





 





 





 





Bridges, Buildings, retaining walls, Bllos, Tanks. etc.





payable, wit'h‘OUt closing of the Transfer Tidewater Virginia and Carolina. Finest

Books, July 3lst, 1909. ’ £33? 1315M;- Long grovglng-se-iicsion. Three and

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JOHN 1- WATSON, Jr" Treasurer. scorching summers. Ploughlng and Eplslintilfg

long before the northern farmer sees the frost

(VENUINE BARGAINS IN HIGH-GRADE UP. and 359W disappear. Convenient markets.

I men'r PIANOS. Slightly used instruments: 12 385‘ Prices- Farmers are making and saving

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“ MARKETS ‘





 





m

y

y

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MM“; ‘

DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.





July 14, 1909.

Grain and Seeds.



Wheat—A week ago conditions looked

as if the wheat deal was on the tobog-

gan, and a decline in values was antim-

pated, but it has not been so. Both cash

and futures have advanced. The farmers

have not delivered wheat. They are said

to be conservative about selling.

“’hether this is so or not the weather

during most of the time since the last

report has prevented harvesting, thresh-

ing and delivering the grain. The market

has felt this and the better prices for

cash grain is the result. The condition

of winter wheat improved during tho

month of June according to'the national

crop report, while the spring wheat de-

clined —the two taken together just off-

set each other and the figures for both

were the same for July 1 as for June _1.

The visible supply is very low and Will

not last the country for more than a

week. Should the new crop be delayed

longer there may be unusual advances

before relief comes, but this is unlikely

and now that the weather has cleared in

the southwest and west some of the new

crop is likely to be put on the market

in a few days. One year ago No. 2 red

wheat was selling at 93c per bu. Quota-

tions for the past week are:



No. 2 No. 1 No. 3



Red. White. Red. July. Sept.

Thurs. ...1.35 1.35 1.32 1.16 110%

Fri. ......1.35 1.35 ' 1.32 1.18 1.12

Sat. ......1.37 1.37 1.34 1.19%, 1.12%

Mon. .....1.37 1.37 1.34 1.20 1.12

Tues. ....1.37 1.37 1.34 1.201/2 1.12%,

Wed. ....1.40 1.40 1.37 194 1.13%,





Corn.——In spite of the fact that the

government report placed the amount of

corn planted this season at 7.1 per cent

above the acreage of 1908 and the condi-

tion at 6.5 points above the estimate a

year ago, the price fixed by the traders

is above what it was a week ago and the

market is generally strong at the ad-

vance. The weather has been quite fav-

orablc except that in some sections ex-

cessive rains occurred. The demand is

fair considering the high values. There

has been nothing doing on the local

market. One, year ago 751/20 was paid

for No. 3 corn. Quotations for the past

week are:





No. 3

No. 3 Yellow.

Thui‘Sday . . . . ............. 731/2 74

Friday .......... 731/4, 74%

Saturday ................ 741/2 751/2

Monday . ..... .. 75 76

Tut. sday .................. 75 76

Wednesday .............. 751/2 761/2





Oats.-—’l‘his grain has recovered a por—

tioiiuof the decline of a week ago, the

advdncil being larger for the cash than

for the future deal. The crop is doing

well altho the government report placed

the condition for July a fraction of a

point below the estimate for June. The

figures for this year, however, are 2.6

points above those for the same period

a year ago, 7.3 points above those of two

years ago and 1.5 points above the ten

your average. A year ago the price for

No. 3 oats was 581/20 per bu. Quotations

are as follows:





No. 3 White. Sept.

Thursday ................ 53 3

Friday ”ll/2 44

Saturday ................. ”i 44

M on d a y .................. ’1 4 vi

'l‘uesday ................. 54 44

\Nedni-sday .............. 55 44





Beans—Cash bcans are not mentioned

by the traders. October options are be—

ing cullt'd for and the price has advanced

during the week. The growing crop is

progressing well in most sections of the

state, altho many of the fields were

plantcd rather late. The following are

the quotations for the week:



Cash. Oct.





Thursday $243 $2.04

Friday ..................... 2.45 2.0!

Saturday .................. 2.45 2.04

Monday .34”) 2.05

'l‘ucsday ................... 2.45 , 2.10

\Vedncsday ................ 2.45 2.14



Cioverseed.—-The state report places





the amount of clover for seed below nor-

mal and the condition is only fair. Prices

haVc gone up for both October and March

options. August alsike is being con-

tractcd for on the loeal market at $8 per

bu. Quotations are:



Oct. March.





Thursday ................ $6.95 $7.071/2

Friday ................... 6.95 7.05

Saturday ................ 6.95 7.05

Monday ................. 7.00 7.1")

'l‘ucsday ................. 7 05 7.20

\Vcdncsday .............. 7 05 7.20





Rye—This market is lifeless with quo-

tations .‘lc lower than a. Week ago. The,

selling quotation for cash No. 2 this week

is 830 per bu.



Visible Supply of Grain.

This week. Last week.





1that 0.750.000





............... 8,427.00“

Corn ..i.............”2,816,000 3,210.000

Oats ................... 5,906,000 6.281.000

RV.» ................... 1.0.1.000 157,000

Barley ................. 610,000 649,000





Flour, Feed, Provisions, Etc.





Fiour.——Market steady, with quotations

unchanged. Quotations are as follows:





Clear ........................... ......$67§

Straight ............................. 0.8-)

Patent Michigan ............. . ...... 7.10

Ordinary Patent ..................... 6.95





Hay and Straw.——Market is unchangcd

at last week's prices. Carlot prices on

track are: No. 1 timothy. new, $13.50

6014: No. 2 timothy, $12.506DI3: clover.

mixed, 5512601250; rye straw, $11; wheat

and oat straw. $9 per ton. ,



FGEdrw-QlF-flt‘iv. Bran, $28 per ton:

coarse middlings, $29; fine middlings, $31;





 





 





 





,crHE MICHIGAN FARM-ER.





cracked corn and coarse corn meal, $316) '



32; com and cat chop, $29. '

Potatoes-Receipts ,of tubers are in-



creasing which gives the trade an easier





tone. Prices are on last week’s basis.

New potatoes are quoted at $2.75@3

per bbl.





Provisions—Family pork, $226023; mess

pork, $21; light short clear, $21; heavy

short clear, $22; pure lard, 1254c; bacon,

1514612160; shoulders, 11c; smoked hams,

14c; picnic hams, 11c.





Dairy and Poultry Products.



Button—The butter trade has firmed

the past week. Prices are a fraction

higher and the demand is taking care of

the supply in such manner that dealers

cannot get any stock ahead. Offerings

are- limited. /Quotations are: Extra

creamery butter, 26c per lb; firsts, 25c;"

dairy, 191/20; packing stock, 18c per lb.



Eggs.—Values here have advanced.

The decreasing supply and the firm de-

mand is taking the eggs out of the

market as fast as they are offered. Quo-

tations for firsts, case count, cases in-

cluded, is 2134c per doz.



Paultry.——There is scarcely nothing

doing in this trade. Hens are higher.





The offerings are limited. Quotations

for the Week are: Hens. 1361 lil‘fic:

roosters. 9:11 10c: ducks, 1461‘ 15c; geese,





86i9c; turkeys, lt‘wich: broilers, 21@22c.



Cheese.——.\liclii;an flats. new, 131‘: York

state, 161,430: limburgcr. fancy old. 17c;

new, 141-: schweitzer. fancy old. 206i21c;

brick cream, 150 per lb,



Fruits and Vegetables.



Onions.——Bermudas. $1.25 per

new southern, $1 per sack.



Currants—Red, $4 per bu.



Huckleberries.#$4.50 per bu.



Cherries.—Good demand and firm

Sour now quoted at $3 per bu.



Raspberries—Market is active and firm.

Red, $650607 per bu; black, $125602 per

16—qt.1 case.



Peaches.——$2.50 per 6-basket crate.



Blackberries—Firm at $4 per 24-quart

case.



Vegetables.-—Asparagus, home-grown,

75613000 per doz; beets, new, 2061)25c per

doz; carrots. new, 20c per doz; cauli-

flower, $2612.25 per doz; garlic, 100 per

lb; green beans, $1.25 per bu; green on-

ions, 10 per doz; green peas, $1.25 per

bu; green peppers, 450 per basket; leaf

lettuce, home~grown, 30c. per bu; head

lettuce, 500 per bu; mint, 25c pcr doz;

mushrooms 60c per lb; picplant, 15c Dcl‘

doz; radishes, long, 861,100 per doz; rad-

islics, round, hothouse, 861710c per doz;

spinach, 60c per hamper; summer squash,

60c per box; turnips, new, 25c pcr doz;

vegetable oyster, 40c per doz; watercress,

256130c per doz; wax beans, $1.75 per bu.

box.





crate;





OTHER MARKETS.





 





Grand Rapids.



Local millers are offering $1.16 for new

whcat and are quoting $1.35 for old

wheat, No. 2 red. Oats are off 4c, other

grain unchanged. The egg market re—

mains steady. Crcamery butter is up

131‘. Dressed 'hogs are scarce and higher,

prices this weck ranging from 91/261,100.

Tomatoes raised under glass are selling

at 75(1180c per 8 lb. basket. Outdoor cab-

bage is worth 800 per doz.; peas 65c per

bu.; string beans $1. A' few homegrown

potatoes of small size are coming in and

sell at $1.25. Sour cherries are worth

$2111 2.25 per 1111., loczfl canneries taking

large quantities of these. Red raspber-

rics are worth $2. blacks $1.50@1.75,

huckleberrics, $2612.15 pcr 16-qt. case.

Currants are selling at $1.2561‘1.50.



Quotations follow:



(il'iilIlS.~wNCW wheat, $1.16; old wheat,

$1.35: corn, 75c; oats, 53c; buckwheat,

00c pcr bu; rye, 80c.



Beans—Machine screened, $2.25.



3uttcr.—lluying prices, Dairy, No. 1‘

19602014 creamery in tubs, 251/2c; prints,

26c per lb.



Cheese—Michigan full cream is selling

at 166il161/2c per lb; brick, 17c; Swiss, 17c;

limburger, 17c.



Eggs—Case count. 181/20190.



(T‘hcrri(us—Sour. $2602.25 per bu.



Raspbcrrics.—-Reds, .2 per 16-qt. case;

blacks, $1.5061l.7.’1.



Cattle—Cows, 2.50604 per cwt; steers

and heifers, best quality, 36351750; dressed

mutton, 96210c; dressed veal, 6@9c;

dressed bcef, cows, 56061/2c; steers and

heifers, 7%. (1191/20.



Hogs—Dressed, fiiéfl‘lflc.



Live Poultry.———Fow1s, 106312c; roosters,

761180; turkeys, 160117c: broilers, 11/; to 2

lbs., 19611210; spring ducks, 15611170.





New York.



Butter.——‘Vcstcrn factory firsts, 18@

21c; crcamcry specials, 26%61271'.



I‘lggs.—lrrcgular. \Vestern firsts to ex-

tras, 23611231,,éc; seconds, 21%61‘1221/2c.



1‘oultry.-—lh'osscd. steady. \Vestern

broilers, 22612311 fowls, 141/5261‘151/30 per lb.



Grain—“Twat, No. 2 red, $1.42 per bu‘,

corn, No. 2, 801'; oats, mixed, 57c.





 





 





Chicago.



“'hcaL—No. 2 red, $1.25@1.2S;

$1.20: Sept, $1.107.



Corn—No. 3, 7234,60731/4c; July, 721,40;

Scpi., 671,;c.



HatskNo. 3 white, 50611550; July, 49c;

Sept. 2e.



Button—Higher for or amcries; dairies





July,





I.\





steady. Creameries, 221/{560260; dairies,

Blimizsiéc.

Eggs—Steady. Firsts, 200; prime





firsts, 21c per doz.





 





Boston.





1Vool.~sln Boston and abroad dealers

in wool were unusually active for .th‘s

season of the year. the past week, and

the demand for all grades was so urgent

that prices have hardened. Territory

wools played the star role, contracts hav.

ing been completed for over 4,000,000 lbs.

of Montana offerings in ten days Re-

ceipts were large and shipments of con—

siderable bulk. The following are the

leading quotations: Ohio and Pennsyl-





vania. fleeces—'XX, 35@36c; X, 33@34c;

No.1 washed, 40@41c; No. Washed,

40@41c; fine unwashed, 27613280; fine un~

merchantable, 31@37c; half blood comb-

ing, 360; three-eighth blood combing, 36c;

quarter blood combing, 346935c; delaine





vwashed, 39@40c; delaine unwashed, 3361)





34c. Michigan, Wisconsin and New York

fleeces—Fine unwashed, 25@26c; delaine

unwashed, 31@32c; half blood unwashed,

35@36c; three-eighths blood unwashed, 33





 





@340. Kentucky, Indiana andeissouri—

Three-eighths blood, 34@35c; quarter

blood, 32@33c.



- Elgln.





Rotten—Market firm at 26c per lb.,

which is an advance of sec over the pre-

vious period. Sales for last \veck

amounted to 1,110,700 lbs.





 





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.

Buffalo.

July 12, 1909.

(Special report by Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, N. Y.)



Receipts of sale stock here today as

follows: Cattle, 150 loads; hogs, 9,000;

sheep and lambs, 3,500; calves, 1,450.



\Vith a light run of cattle today the

market was active and 106115c higher

than last week. “7e look for about a.

steady trade on the good cattle from now

out but lower on the common kinds. The

good cattle are very scarce and they

might sell higher later on.



’We quote: Best export steers, 956.5061)

7; best 1,200 to 1,300 lb. shipping steers,

$6.25@6.65; best 1.000 to 1,100 do., $5.75@'

6; light butcher steers, $475605; best fat

cows, $4.506;>4.75; fair to good cows, $3.75

604.25; trimmers, $2.25@2.50; best fat

heifers, 35550611575; fair to good, $4.256}?

4.75; common heifers, $375604; best feed-

ing steers 800 to 900 lb. dehorned, 554.2560

4.50; 700 to 750 lb. dehorned stockers, $3.50

((03.75; common stockers, $3@3.50; best

bulls, $4.25604.50; bologna bulls, $3.50@

3.75; best fresh cows and springers, $4061)

50; medium cows, $306040; common cows,

$206130.



Our hog market opened strong 567110c

lower than Saturday and closed steady at

the opening with a good clearance. The

prospects look fair for the near future.

Heavy receipts in the west and warm

weather caused the decline here.



We quote: Medium and heavy, $8.25@

8.35; mixed, $8.2060830; best yorkers, $8.15

61.8.25; light yorkers, $700608; pigs, $7.75

6117.85; roughs, $7.106i'7.20; stags, $550606.



The sheep and lamb market today was

active at the prices and everything is

cleaned up.



We quote: Best lambs, $8.50fi7875; fair

to good, $7.506118.25; culls, $5607; skin

culIS, $4604.50; yearlings, $650607; Wcth-

ers, 3552560560; ewes, $4.50@4.75; cull

sheep, $2603.50; best calves, $8.506i‘8.75;

fair to good, $6608; heavy calves, $46135.





 





Chicago.

July 12, 1909.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Received today ..25,000 33,000 18,000

Same day last ycar..24,503 33,203 15,815

Received last Week ..44.022 118,711 85,135

Same week last year.37,374 130,280 71.753





Cattle have to just fill the bill these

days to sell at all satisfactorily, buyers

usually calling for fat handy weights or

choice little yearling steers or yearling

heifers. These are all good sellers, with

no excessive offerings. but grassy cattle

and heavy weights have dcclincd 1061'200

within a. week. Beef steers have sold

largcly at $585617, with the better class

going at $6.40617.40, and the best heavy

long—fed becves at $7.25. Thc poorer

grassy steers sold at $4.75@5.50, these

having to compete with numerous con-

signments of Texas grass cattle received

mainly by packers direct from MisSouri

River markets. Exporters have been

moderate buyers at $5.906ix6.80, and the

domestic demand is slow to imprch, as

the consumption of beef is curtailed by

its unusual dcarncss, especially in eastern

sections. Prospects are, brighter for light

cattle than for heavy ones. and there is

not much encouragement for making the

latter. Cows and heifers have been sell-

ing at 335067675, and now and then

around $7, with sales of canncrs and

cutters at $2.25613.25 mainly. iulls sold

usually at $3615, and calves were scarce

and higher, selling actchly at $3,5061‘825

per 100 big. The stockcr and feeder

branch of the market was extremely (lull

at $325615 for steers weighing from 1:00

to 1.000 lbs. Prices for these cattle have

had a great fall since the high time of

the year, but most stockmen continue to

hold back, waiting for further reductions.

In the course of another month Vi'f‘sii‘i'l‘l

range cattle will be moving to market,

and a good many farmers have learned

to regard these feeders favorably, i bile

others will not have them. Milch cows

go at $256150. .



The “run" of cattle today was the

largest seen on Monday for a long time,

the flood at Kansas (‘iiy diw-rting cattle

away from that market. There was a

fair demand for the better class, which

sold at steady prices. but other kinds

were largely 10c lower, selling at a

grcatwr reduction in some cases.



llogs fluctuated considerably in prices

last week, the early receipts being rc-

markably small. causing sharp advances.

with active general buying on local and

shipping account. lly the middle of the

week supplics become, larger, and prices

declined considerably. but rallied quickly.

The general surroundings of the trade

have not changed. and the future looks

bright for sim'kmen, for it is known be-

yond a doubt that there is a serious

shortage thruont the corn belt, east, as

we'll as west. Current receipts are aver-

aging 221 lbs, compared with 222 lbs. :1

year ago and 232 lbs. two ycars ago.

There are general complaints regarding





the quality of a large percentage of the





offerings. grass-fed swine ‘ being more

numerous, and these have to be closed

out at a big discount from the prices





 





JUL) Y i7, i909.





paid readily for good corn—fed droves;

Hogs are unusually high, 'but’consump-

tion of fresh and cured 'meats is much

greater than usual, and stocks of pro-

Visions are constantly decreasing in vol-

ume. Today’s market was 5@100 lower,

hogs selling at $7.20@8.10 and the best

195—1b. hogs at $7.90.



Sheep and lambs have, been marketed

recently from Idaho and other western;

ranges in increasing volume, and trade

has shown considerable animation, prices

for sheep and yearlings having had a

large fall since the opening of the season

a few weeks ago. Lambs are by far the

favorite sellers, the popular taste setting

strongly toward lambs, with yearlings

the next choice, while heavy sheep are

discriminated against, as is usual in

warm weather. Prime Idaho lambs have

sold as high as $8.90, breaking all past

records, and range feeder lambs have

sold actively at $6606.50. All feeder

stock from the ranges sells very high,

and promises to all of the season, and

lambs are especially high, with a short

“crop" reported.

in the deman for breeding ewes, which

are selling at $5@6 for desirable offer-

ings. Today’s market was active and

firm to 15c higher, range lambs going at

$66138.90, range wethers at $425605, ewes

from_ the range at $3.75@4.50, yearlings

at $5606 and rams at $2.50@3.25. Feed-

ers want wethers at $3.50@‘4.25 and

yearlings at $475605.



Tliis‘is the dull summer period in the

horse market, and altho receipts are run—

ning very small in numbers, there are

enough to satisfy the general require—

ments of buyers. Draftcrs are selling





usually at $165@300 per head, according

to quality, and commercial chunks have'





been bot recently by the American Ice

Company at $200@230. Expressers go at

$17560250, feeders at $1806L‘250, drivers at

$150611350 and mules at $75@225. Inferior

horses are hard to sell, andsales are

frequently made at prices that show no

profit to country shippers. Dealers are

cautioned against marketing horses of!

common grade. F.





 





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





Not only is there an abnormally small

marketing at western points, as well as

at the eastern packing points, of hogs,

but a sharp decrease is shown in strictly

dry-lot h0g5, the daily offerings showing

the effect of grass and other green feeds.

Seldom indeed has the proportion of





choice corn—fed hogs been so small as





it has been recently, and this is regarded

as good evidence that not many good

swine are left in the country. Under all

the circumstances, with prices for good

hogs extraordinarily high and tending

upward much of the time, owners of

thrifty shoats and pigs should refuse to

part with such valuable property until

well matured. It is a suggestive fact

that at the Very time when hogs are

scarcest the consumption of hog products

is largest, as provisions, despite their

unusual dcariiess in the retail markets,

are yet lower in price than other meats.

Recent prices for hogs were the highest

of the year and far ahead of most past

years, about the only really new import-

ant feature being a restricted demand in

the Chicago market when the weather

was hottest for big, heavy hogs weighing

over 300 lbs. These are likely to become

victims of the hot weather while in train-

sit from one market to another, and at

such times eastern shippers have shown

increased preference for droves averaging

i'oin 250 to 275 lbs. These hot, “muggy”

days a great many hogs die in the cars,

and owners are too apt to avoid such

necessary precautions for their safety as

allowing plenty of space for each hog,

icing the cars, watering and sprinkling

the swine. Furthermore, it is always ail-

visable for owners to be careful to select

as cool weather as possible for market-

ing their hogs.



Late reports made by stockmen who

have visited central Illinois are that

farmers have the smallest number of

cattle on feed for the past ten years and

comparatively few in their pastures. Not

a great many fat hogs are lr-t‘t, and sum-

mer shipments cannot be otherwise than

small. Crops of all kinds are doing all

that could be asked, and there is a good

hay crop.



Stocks of provisions in lcading western

markets on July 1 were unusually small,

aggregatiig 272,144,000 lbs of cut meats,

29,652,000 lbs. of short rib sides, 75,015,000

lbs. of sweet pickled hams and 127,000

ticrces of lard. Stocks decreased heavily

in June. On July 1 last year stocks

stood at 316,016.000 lbs. of cut: meats,

57,103,000 lbs. of short rib sidcs, 74,785,000

lbs. of chet pickled hams and 225,000

ticrces of lard.



Missouri reports say that state never

looked better, so far as Corn, wheat and

oats are concerned, and grass is remark-

ably luxuriant, but the supply of cattle

being fed on grass is much smaller than

usual at this season of the year. Cattle

fccders say they are disgusted over the

low prices paid for long—fed cattle and

say they will quit making them good.

There is a remarkably small supply of

corn—fed hogs in most parts of Missouri,

and fat hogs will be marketed sparingly

the remainder of the summer period. As

a rule, Missouri farmers have been good

cattle and hog feeders and have been

in the habit of marketing heavy long—fed

bccvcs, a kind no longer fashionable in

thi- market.



(‘hicago live stock commission firms in

closest touch with western range cattle

conditions do not look for large receipts

of these cattle the latter part of July.

Receipts this year are expected to fall

somewhat short of those of a year ago,

when the total Chicago marketings for

the season were 292,000 head, compared

with 375,000 the previous year. The

rapid settlement of the ranges by farm-

ers means the gradual extinction of the

former large cattle industry, but 'in the

coming years. more cattle will come from

that region, for farmers will undoubtedly

be greatly interested in fattening live

stock for the markets of the country.





it?





 





 





There is no abatement .





WM... _. _.





flaws-w »
mm 17, 1909..





 





W...“ -. ..





l





 





 





THIS 13 THE LASJ- EDITION.





 





In 'the first edition the Detroit Live.





Stock markets are reports of last week;

all other markets are right up to date.

Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock markets

are giVen in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi-

tion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early than they do for Thursday’s





' Detroit Live Stock 'market‘ report. You





may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by drop‘pin'g us a card to that effect.





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





Thursday’s Market.





July 15, 1909.

Cattle,



Receipts, 1,371. Half fat grades trifle

lower; all other grades steady at last

week‘s prices.



We quote: Extra dry-fed steers. and

heifers, $5.50@5.90; steers. and heifers,

1,000 to 1,200, $5@5.25; steers and heifers,

800 to 1,000, $4.25@4.75; grass steers and

heifers that are fat, 800 to 1,000, $4.25@

4.75; grass steers and heifers that are

fat, 500 to 700, $3.50@4.25; choice fat

cows, $4@4.25; good fat cows, $3.50@

3.85; common cows, $2.50@2.85; canners,

$1.75@2; choice heavy bulls, $3.75@3.85;

fair to good bolognas, bulls, $3.25@3.50,

stock bulls, $3; choice feeding steers,

800 to 1,000, $4.50@4.65; fair

steers, 800 to 1,000, $4@4.40; choice stock-

ers, 500 to 700, $3.50@4; stock heifers,

$3@3.25; milkers, large, young medium

age, $40@55; common milkers, $25@35.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P. Co.

19 stockers av 440 at $2.90, 8 butchers av

804 at $3.60, 3 cows av 823 at $2.75, 1 do

weighing 1,200 at $4.50, 1 do weighing 960

at $2.50, 1 steer weighing 710 at $3.50, 2

do av 810 at $3, 7 do av 883 at $5, 4 do

av 690 at $4, 7 do av 1,038 at $5.10, 3 do

av 834 at $4, 1 bull weighing 780 at $3., 1

cow weighing 800 at, $3, 1 bu‘ll weighing

1.310 at $3.90; to Goose 1 cow weighing

1,000 at $3.75, 2 do av 900 at $2.75, 4 do

av 390 at $2.75; to Rattkowsky 2 steers

av 570 at $3.35, 2 heifers av 700 at $3.35,

1 steer weighing 600 at $4; to Bresnahan,

Jr., 5 heifers av 510 at $3.50; to Watkins

4 stockers av 530 at $3.50, 9 do av 482 at

$3.35; to Hammond, S. & Co. 1. bull

weighing 1,360 at $3.75; to Brcsnahan 4

cow-s av 1,240 at $3.75, 3 do av 843 at

$2.25; to Jonghln 5 do av 1,026 at $3, 4

do av 850 at $3; to Kamman 2 cows av

1,085 at $4.25, 15 steers av 983 at $5.40;

to Prince 4 feeders av 775 at $4.15; to

Goose 2 cows av 920 at $3.50; to Mich. B.

Co. 6 butchers av 816 at $4.75, 14 do av

756 at $4.75; to Goose 9 steers av 714

at $3.85.



Spicer, M. & R. sold Sullivan P. Co.

10 butchers av 640 at $3.75, 18 do av 433

at‘ $3, 1 bull'Weighing 1,250 at $3.75, 3

0890‘s W33 at $3; jto Dobetki 8 bulls av

4 0 at) $3: '2 do av 410 at $3; to Hammond,

S. & Co. 1 cow weighing 870 at $2, 3 do

av 960 at $3.60, 1 do weighing 1,100 at

$3.65, 4 do av 1,060 at $4, 2 do av 865 at

$2.50, 2 bulls av 625 at $3.50, 2 do av

965 at $3.50, 2 do av 800 at $3.75, 1 do

weighing 1,600 at $4, 1 do weighing 890

at $3.75, 2 heifers av 560 at $3.75, 1 stcer

weighing 1,000 at $5, 29 do av 825 at

$4.90, 25 do av 864 at $4.90, 6 do av 666

at $4.25, 1 cow Weighing 950 at $4; to

Sullivan P. Co, 1 do weighing 880 at

$3.50, 2 do av 935 at $4.25, 4 steers av

817 at $5.25, 4 do av 750 at $4.65; to

Brcsnahan 13 heifers av 570 at $3.50; to

Fry 13 butchers av 601 at $3.75, 4 do av

530 at $3.90; to Hunt 8 do av 644 at $4;

to Ward 3 stockcrs av 673 at $3.75, 12 do

av 403 at $3.25, 4 do av 450 at $3, 1 bull

weighing 500 at $2.50; to Bresnahan 5

heifers av 560 at $4, 2 steers av 660

at $4.50; to Mich. B. CO. 4 bulls av 900

at $3.75, 1 cow weighing 1,030 at $4, 2

lic’fcrs av $4.75 at $3. 1. cow weighing 780

at $2.50, 2 bulls av 575 at $3, 3 heifers av

626 at $3.50, 6 butchers av 705 at $4.50,

.17 do av 870 at $4.75, 10 do av 693 at

$3.75, 18 steers av 986 at $5, 15 butchers

av 680 at $4; to Merritt 3 stockers av 533

at $3.50, 4 do av 505 at $3.50; to Gerisll

7 butchers av 980 at $5.50.



Roe Com. Co. sold Caplis 12 steers {IV

850 at $4.75, 4 butchers av 827 at $3.75,

3 do av 773 at $2.50; to Kamman B, Co.

17 do av 825 at $4.60; to Jongliin 5 cows

av 988 at $2.95.



Smith sold Mich. B. Co. 20 steers av

787 at $4.60, 3 (‘OVVS av 977 at $3.50, 2 bulls

:Iv 1,080 at $3.75.



Haley sold Schlischer 10 steers av 728

at $4.40, 3 cows av 890 at $3.15, 1 bull

weighing 960 at $3.75.



Haley sold Sullivan P. Co. 6 steers av

91] at $5.25, 3 butchers av 706 at $4.



Johnson sold same 4 steers av 1,262

at $5.90, 3 do av 936 at $5, 1 bull weighing

1,250 at $4, 1 cow weighing 1,130 at $3.50.



"l‘orrey sold same 2 bulls av 965 at

$3.75.



Belheimer sold some 4 cows av 975 at

$4, 5 butchers av 738 at $4.40.



Haley sold Hammond, S. & Co. 2 bulls





av 1,135 at $3.85, 1 cow weighing 920 zit'





$4.30, 6 do av 941 at $3.40, 2 do av 1,010

at $4, 11 butchers av 775 at $4.25.



Merritt sold same 7 do av 900 at $4.85,

7 do av 871 at $3.60.



Sharp sold Bresnahan 9 steers av 991

at $5.40.



Lewis sold same 2 cows av 910 at $2.25,

14 steers av 733 at



Johnson sold Fry 4 steers av 610 at

4.25.

$ Torrey sold Thompson 5 butchers av

782 at $4.50.



Belheimer sold same 2 do av 745 at



.50.

$3Haley sold Rattkowsky 2 bulls av 770

at $3.35, 9 butchers av 730 at $4.15.

Terhune sold Fitzpatrick Bros. 9 steers

av 1,111 at $5.40.



VealleCalves. ti (1 2r



Recei ts, 798. arket ac ve an 00

higher It)han last week. Best, $7.75@8.25;

others, $4@7; milch COWs and springers,

strong for good stuff.



Roe Com. Co. sold Rattkowsky 9 av

18'! at $4.50; to Mich. B. Co. 3 av 120





 





feeding $7





I





»........... ) v.1. . .~ 1

4





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





at $5, 24 av 140 at _.$7; to Parker, W. &

Co. 16 av 160 at $8.25, 2 av 95,at $5, 3

av 135 at $8.



Haley sold Caplis 9 av 130 at $7.40.



Same sold Goose 5 av 270 at $4.50.



Spicer, 7M. & R. sold Newton B. Co.

6 av 200 at $5, 10 av 156 at $7.50; to Caplis

5 av 190 at $6, 30 av 140 at $7.60; to Mich.

B. Co. 10 av 148 at $7.90, 2 av 280 at $5,

10 av 154 at $7.50, 8 av 170 at $7.75; to

Parker, W. & C0. 13 av 165 at $7.85, 2

av 130 at $6, 7 av 150 at $8; to Sullivan

P. Co. 2 av 145 at $6, 47 av 145 at $8;

to Burnstine 3 av 140 at $6, 19 av

150 at $8.



Bishop, B. 7/8 H. sold Fitzpatrick Bros.

16 av 160 at $7.75, 21 av 155 at $8; to

Markowitz 8 av 160 at $7.75; to Thompson

Bros. 1 weighing 160 at $8; to Parker, W.

& Co. 22 av 180 at $5.75, 12 av 130 at

$7.75, 1 weighing 290 at $6, 6 av 170 at

$8, 5 av 145 at $7.75, 3 av 185 at $8: to

Hammond, S. & Co. 12 av 160 at $8, 7

av 135 at $7.75, 11 av 165 at $8, 1 weighing

100 at $5, 19 av 125 at $8; to Newton B.

CO. 2 av 1.70 at $5, 6 av 155 at $8, to

Parker, W. & Co. 1.0 av 148 at $8.



Groff sold Thompson Bros. 10 av 134

at $7.75, 18 av 180 at $6.30.



Torrey sold McGuire 5 av 125 at $7.75.



Johnson sold Newton B. Co, 1 weighing

100 at $5, 10 av 144 at $7.50. ‘



Johnson sold same 2 av 300 at $3.50.



Haley sold same 4 av 150 at $7, 6 av

225 at $4.85. .



Vickory sold same 8 av 150 at $8.



Sharp & W. sold Hammond, S.

17 av 155 at $7.50.



S7t5ephens sold Burnstine 22 av 160 at





& Co.





Johnson sold Sullivan P. Co. 7 av 135



at $7.50, 3 av 200 at $3.75.

Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts, 1,459. Market steady at last

week's prices.



Best lambs, $8@8.25; fair to good lambs,

$7@7.80; light to common lambs, $5@6.50;

yearlingS, $5@6.50; fair to good sheep,

$3.50@4.25; culls and common, $2.50fri‘3.



Bishop, B. & H, sold Sullivan P. Co.

10 lambs av 48 at $6, 55 do av 65 at $8,

9 do av 50 at $8.25, 5 sheep av 110 at $4,

8 lambs av 55 at $6, 55 do av 72 at $8.25;

to Fitzpatrick Bros. 11 do av 70 at $7.50,

25 sheep av 90 at $3.50, 26 do av 75 at

$4.50; to Newton B. Co. 5 lambs av 55

at $7, 26 do av 65 at $8; to Young 20 do

av 55 at $8; to Fitzpatrick Bros. 82 sheep

av 85 at 584.37%; to Hammond, S. & Co.

25 yearlings av 75 at $6, 6 sheep av 100

at $3, 5 lambs av 65 at $7.



Spiccr, M. & R. sold Newton B. Co.

40 lambs av 60 at $8: to Mich. 13. Co. 3

sheep av 110 at $2.50, 53 do av 55 at

$4.25, 2 do av 115 at $3.50, 6 yearlings av

80 at $5.50, 31 lambs av 72 at $7.75, 3

sheep av 120 at $3.50, 30 lambs av 60 at

$7.50, 2 yearlings av 95 at $6.50; to Islsch~

rich 18 lambs av 52 at $6.50, 25 sheep

av 60 at $3: to Mich. B. Co. 4 yearlings

av 77 at $6.25; to Halloway 12 lambs av

70 at $8.15, 1 sheep weighing 70 at .

to Fitzpatrick Bros. 19 do av 73 at $4.75;

to Thompson Bros. 55 do av 88 at $4.75;

to Hnise 17 lambs av 60 at $7; to Thomp-

son 15 do av 55 at .



’l‘erhunc sold Thompson Bros. 15 lambs

av 60, at $7. ‘

$r‘Torrey sold same 40 lambs av 70 at



l"





0.00.



Belheimer sold Hollaway 45 lambs av

73 at $7.75, 2 sheep av 100 at $4.



Roe Com. Co. sold Barluge 3 lambs av

65 at $8, 13 sheep av 100 at $3.50; to

Parker, W. & Co. 4 sheep av 90 at $5,

9 lambs av 60 at $8.



Haley sold Mich. B. Co. 12 sheep av

77 at $4, 18 lambs av 65 at $7.50,



Haley sold Newton B. Co. 17 lambs av

70 at $7.50, 12 do av 73 at $8, 1 sheep

weighing 170 at $3.



Johnson sold same 9 sheep av 70 at $5,

9 lambs av 55 at $7.



\Vceks sold same 23

$7.50.



Vickery sold Fitzpatrick 1 buck weigh-

ing 150 at $4, 23 lambs av 75 at $8.



Mcrritt sold same 64 do av 65 at $8.



Johnson sold same 12 yearlings av 80

at $5.25.



Johnson sold Hammond, S. & Co.

lambs av 55 at $6, 28 do av 75 at $8.



Snyder sold some 24 lambs av 75 at $8,

6 shccp av 70 at $5.



Johnson sold Young 54 lambs av 70

at $6.25, 2 sheep av 125 at $3.50,



Haley sold Mich. B. Co. 15 lambs av 55

at $6. 36 do av 65 at $7.50, 55 do av 70

at $7.50.





lambs av 70 at





Hogs.



Receipts, 1.453. Market 20@250 higher

than last Thursday.



Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers, $790658; pigs, $6.75@7.50; light york-

ers, $7.50@7.80; stugs, 1?; off.



Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co., 19

av 248 at $8.10, 49 av 170 at $8, 12 av 180

at $7.85, 5 pigs av 110 at $7.25.



Bishop, B. & H. sold same 32 av 200

at $8.



Sundry shippers sold same 110 av 207

at $8, 35 av 20?: at $7.90, 41 av 176 at

$7.85, 3 av 165 at $7.75.



Bishop, B. 8: H. sold Parker, W. & (7‘0.

133 av 170 at $7.90, 61 21v 160 at $7.65,

175 av 200 at $8, 17 av 150 at $7.60,



Spicer, M. 8: R. sold Hammond, S, &

Co. 46 av 170 at $8, 12 av 180 at $7.50, 72

av 185 at $7.85, 4 av 208 at $7.75.





Friday’s Market.

July 9, 1909.





Cattle.

The cattle trade opened and closed

strong at the Michigan Central yards





Friday and everything was sold before

9 oclock at full steady Thursday prices.





Milch cows and springers also were

steady

We quote: Dry-fed steers. 855069560;





steers and heifers, 1,000 to 1,200, $5625.25,-

steers and heifers, 800 to 1,000, $420695;

grass steers and heifers that are fat,

800 to 1,000, 84.25095; grass steers and

heifers that are fat, 500 to 700, $3.75@

4.25: choice fat cows, 843069450; good fat





cows, 33.506174; common cows, 82.506173;

canners, $1.75@2; choice heavv bulls,





$3.90; fair to good bolognas, bulls, $3.50;

stock bulls, $3@3.25: choice feeding steers

800 to 1.000, 345069475: fair feeding

steers, 800 to 1,000, $4@4.50; choice stock-





ers, 500 to 700, $4@4.50; fair stockers, 500

to 700,’ $3.75@4; stock heifers, $3@3.50;

milkers, large,’ young, medium age, $40@

55; common milkers, $20@35.



Armspoker sold Hammond, S. & Co.

1 steer weighing 1.310 at $5.60, 1 do

weighing 1,230 at $5, 2 cows av 920 at

$2.50, 6 do av 1,108 at $4.



Bishop, B. & H. sold same 17 steers

av 1,058 at $5.55, 2 cows av 1,025 at $3.50.

2 heifers av 750 at $4.75, 4 steers av 1,067

at $5.50, 8 cows av 1,071 at $3.75, 6 butch—

ers av 936 at $4.75, 1 bull weighing 1.110

at $3.65.



Same sold Sullivan P, Co. 1 cow weigh—

ing 1,100 at $4.30, 1 bull weighing 1,160

at $3.75 2 do av 1,530 at $3.90, 1 cow

weighing 1,230 at $3.90.



Sheep and Lambs.



The sheep and lamb trade was steady



at Thursday's prices for the few offer-





ing.



Best lambs, $7.25@8.50; fair to good

lambs, '$7@8; light to common lambs,

$5687; yearlings, $4616.50; fair to good

sheep, $350304; culls and common,





$2.50fiE.50.



Young sold Hammond, S. & Co. 10

11111113 av 64 at $4, 31 yearlings av 73

at $6.50.



Lucke sold Parker, W. & Co. 18 lambs

av 65 at $8.



Hogs.



In the hog department the market was

active and 5@100 higher than on Thurs-

day. Range of prices:



Night to good butchers, $7.70@7.90;

pigs, $6.75@7; light yorkers, $7.40@7.50;

slugs. 1.5,» off.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker. W. & Co.

9 av 175 at $7.60, 36 av 180 at $7.80, 38

av 200 at $7.90.





NATIONAL CROP REPORT.





 





The Crop Reporting Board of the Bu-

reau of Statistics-of the U. S. Depart-

ment of Agriculture, from the reports of

correspondents and agents of the Bureau,

makes the following estimates: _



The preliminary estimate of the area

of corn planted is 109,006,000 acrrs, an

increase of 7,218,000 acres (7.1 per cent)

as compared with the final estimate of

last year's acreage. The average condi-

tion of the corn crop on July 1 was 89.3,

as compared with 82.8 on July 1, 1908,

80.2 on July 1, 1907, and 84.8, the ten-

year average on July 1.



The average coudition of winter Wheat

on July 1, or when harvested, was 82.4,

as compared with 80.7 last month, 80.6

at harvest, 1998, 78.3 in 1907, and 79.6 the

average at time of harvest for the past

ten years.



The average condition of spring wheat

on July 1 was 92.7 as compared with 95.2

last month, 89.4 on July 1, 11108, 87.2 on

July 1, 1907, and 87, the ten-year average

on July 1.



The average condition on July 1 of

spring and winter wheat combined was

86.5, against 86.5 last month, 83.9 on

July 1, 1908, 81.6 July 1, 1907, and 82.5,

the ten-year average.



The amount of wheat remaining on

farms is estimated at 2.3 per cent of last

year’s crop, or about 15,062,000 bu., as

compared with 33.797.000 on July 1, 1908,

and 43,608,000 the average amount on

farms on July 1 for the past ten years.



The average condition of the out crop

on July 1 was 88.3, as compared with

88.7 last month, 85.7 July 1, 1908, 81 July

1, 1907, and 86.8, the ten-year average on

July 1.



The average condition of barley on

July 1 was 90.2, as compared with 90.6

last month, 86.2 on July 1, 1909, 84.4 on

July 1, 1907, and 88.3 the ten-year aver~

age on July .



The average condition of rye on July

1 was 91.4, as compared with 89.6 last

month, 91.2 on July 1, 1908, 89.7 on July

1, 1907, and 89.8. the ten-year average

on July 1.



The acreage of white potatoes is esti-

mated at 3,452,001) acres, (or 195,000 acres

(6 per cent) more than last year. The

condition of the crop on July 1 was 93

as compurcd with 89.6 on July 1. 1908,

90.2 on July 1, 1907, and 91 the ten-year

average on July 1.



The average condition of the hay crop

on July 1 was 87.8, as compared with

87.6 last month, 92.6 on July 1, 1908, and

approximately 82 on July 1, 1907. The

Condition of timothy on July 1 was 87.1,

as comparcd with 90.2 on July 1, 1908,

82.2 on July 1. 1907, and 85.1 the tcn-ycar

average on July 1. The condition of

clovcr on July 1 was 83.8, as compared

with 95.5 on July 1, 1908‘, 76.4 on July 1

1907, and 83.8, the tcn—ycar avt-rngc on

July 1,



The condition of the applo cmp on

July 1 was 54.6, as compurcd with 61.4

last month, 57.6 on July 1, 1908, and 62.3

the ten-year average on July 1.





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





 





Most southern shccp brecdcrs still

show a strong preference for native

breeding ewes, but breeders in other





sections are more disposed to buv the

hardicr and healthier range ewes that

hail from Idaho, \Vyoming, Montana,

Oregon, VVaSliinglon and the Dakotas.

The greater part of the best grade come

from Idaho, Montana and Wyoming, and

many of such brweding en'cs show black

in the face and legs, rendering them

highly popular with enthusiastic breed-

crs. The native breeding ewes come

largely from Missouri. Iowa, Illinois,

Indiana, Minnesota and Wisconsin, and

it usually requires considerable time and

skill to select a gOOd sized consignment

in the Chicago market. The ‘ange

breeders average higher in quality, 'for





most rangemen use high-grade Shrop—

shire, Hampshire or one of the Down





rams on grade Merino ewes. After the

middle of July range ewes for breeding

purposes can be purchased in car loads.

The commission charge at Chicago on

range breeding ewes is $6 per single-deck

and $10 per double deck. As the natives





.m- .kuaUMo-uau~KthWJ&émWmaul-«Am - . - 1‘. - . «1'5“»,— . . __,".;~-~.. ‘-.'r .. :





 





012.119 1", / , 311$





, u...r





 





" . x. '\ a ,,,. - .. ..\

The quality of the timber in the

farm wagon you buy is a very im-

portant item to you.

It determines the ” life ”-the

years of service—it will give. It

determines whether it is a cheap





or ”costly” wagon for you.



The price you pay does not. The

lower the price the more costly is the

wagon, because in a short time its in-

feriority begins to show, causing annoy-

ance, loss of time and soon a new wagon.



This means the price of two wagons

instead of one.



The cheapest wagon to buy is the





MOLIHE WAGON





—-will not only outlast two ordinary wagons, but

give better satisfaction and longer service.



There are many reasons for this. The first is

the difference in the timber we use.



To get right timber wo early learned we

must grow it. Our own timbermen select; it in

its growing state.



It, is stored for years to air season—to dry

the sap in. which makes it? tough—durable—re—

tains its “ life.”



It costs money to do this, but it is the only

way Molinc quality—tho kind that. makes the

Wagon cheap for tho buycr~can be obtained.



You‘ll never be disappointed in your purchase

of a Moline—you'll ilml it a genuine bargain,





 





 





because in every other part. of its construction

this same kind of quality is there. Ask the

dealer in your locality to show you a Moline. If

he can’t, write us. Write anyway 81111306 the

most interesting wagon book you ever read. “A

trip to the Moline Wagon Shops—the largest: in

the world”——tells how every part of a Moline is

made, and how you can tell what is under the paint;

on any wagon on the market—it's tree postpaid.





MOLINE WAGON COMPANY. Moline. Illinois.





 





 





 

 

 





PR





0





"ER ”55





   





MAR





{121: I





     





‘31 .

A full day’s work from your '

,(ias Engine is assured if you





' spark with an Edison BSCO





Sparking Outfit.





It gives sufficient current at all

times to produce a spark with

regularity and of suiiicient heat to

fire the charge. You get full re-

turns from your engine and from

your men.



Figured by the year this perfect

ignition costs you less than the

uncertain kind.



Let us send you free

a book about it.

Edison Manufacturing Company

11 Lakeside Avenue, Orange, N. J.





1909--Premium Lists-4909

WEST MIGHIGAN





STATE FAIR





(SEPT. 13th to 17th.)

are ready for distribution and will be mailed

on request. Write

EUGENE u. CONoER, Secy.,

Board oi‘Trade Bldg.. Grand Rapids. Mich





HAY &. GRAIN ""





We want to hear from Illlppen of Hay and Grain—Our

direct service to large consumers in this tiiitricl enables

us to get top pricel for good Iliipmauh. Liberal Id~

vane-o- io counignorl.





Daniel McCaitrey’s Sons Co., Pittsburg Pa.

llai.—Vluhlnglon Ial'l Bank. Duquosno Nai‘l Bank.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





are bot in small numbers, requiring much

time and care, the commission charge is





deck.





FARMER’S WATERPROOF





——oa——





PLAIN CANVAS COVERS





for Stacks, Implements, etc. Hay Caps, Plant



Bed Cloth, I‘ents, etc. Circulars, Samples.

HENRY DERBY,



49 Warren SL, ‘ New York.





When writing to adver-

tisers please mention the





 





$10 per single deck and $20 per double-[Michigan Farmer.
52 ‘ as)





E THE DAIRY





LAMA—LAMA“

CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





WHAT TO FEED A JERSEY COW.





 





Have just purchased a Jersey cow 6

years old, supposed to give 14 qts. of

rich milk per day. She is due to freshen

in a week or ten days. I will have to

purchase all her feed except grass and

a very ordinary grade of hay. What

would you suggest as an economical ra~

tion, basing your figures on Grand Rapids

retail prices? \Vould also like some sug-

gestions on rearing the calf.



Ottawa C0. M. E. JONES.





At this time of the year, when the cow

is getting at least part of her ration on

pasture, I know of no grain that is better

to supplement this pasture than an equal

parts mixture by weight of corn meal

and Wheat bran. The only objection that

can be offered to this is that both of

these feeds are pretty high priced at the

present time. Bran costs upwards of

$30 a. ton, but cows like it and do well

upon it. The corn meal is also high, but

this is also a valuable food, readily

digestible and very palatable. I would

suggest that, as soon as the cow comes

fresh, 3. small feed of wheat bran and

corn meal mixed, as I have suggested, be

fed twice dain and thus gradually in-

creased until she is getting 3 to 4 lbs.

of this mixture at a feed, making 6 to

8 lbs. a day. If she is a good cow it will

probably pay, when she gets to a full

flew of milk, to feed her as high as 10

lbs, depending, of course, upon the pas-

ture. If the pasture is quite abundant

she will not need quite as much, but it

the pasture is scant. as it is apt to be

from now on for the rest of the summer,

the, cow will need a good liberal grain

Iation, and if the pasture is quite spare

it will also pay to give one feed of hay

a day, besides the grain.



Of course, there are other grains that

will make a good ration for a cow on

summer pasture. \that bran and corn

meal are not the only foods. Gluten

iced, and dried hrcwers‘ grain, and cot—

tonseed meal mixed with the corn mcal,

or oil meal mixed with the corn mcal,

are all good. As a matter of fact, if to

this ration which I have recommended—

Wheat bran and Corn Incal—oil meal is

also added, it will be no detriment to it,

and perhaps a brnciit. If oil meal is

added I would mix 201) lbs. of whcat

bran, 200 lbs. of corn meal, and 100 lbs.

of oil meal togcthcr. If you could get

dried bect pulp, and mix cottonseed meal

with this, that also makes an excellent

food. The belt pulp should be moistened

about six hours before it is {ml to the

cow—not thoroly wet, but moistened so

that it softens and swells up to some-

thing like its natural proportions. Then

if 4 to 5 lbs. of beet pulp is fed to cows,

and l to 11;: lbs. of cottonsccd nn-al is

lllIX(d with the pulp at time. of feeding

it Inakcs a good raticn. You probably

cannot git the dried bcei pulp at this

time. Taking into consideration the con-

venience of getting wheat bran and corn

meal, I do not bclicrc that you can find

any better fl 0d for the COW.



If your cow has the heifer calf that

you dcsn'c, the proper thing to do is to

touch it to drink milk out of a pail just

119 soon as possible. I would not let it

suck the cow more than two or three

time“. DO not i‘ecd it very much milk

at first, and if you give the cow’s milk

it will be bcttcr to put a little water

into it, as it will bc pretty rich for the

(alt. At the ind of two weeks skim—

Inilk can be substituted for whole, milk,

the change being made gradually. \Yith

this skim—milk I Would fwd a small

amount (If ground flax-seed meal made

into a jclly, to take the place of the

l/utttr—i‘at which has bccn removed.





AN ESTIMATE OF YIELD OF BUTTER.





How many pounds of butter per week

should be realized on an average from

4?» quarts of milk per day? The cows

are considered a good grade of Jersey and

Durham, Of course, I understand that It

all depends upon how rich in butter—fat

the milk is. but I Would like _\our opinion

from tho art-rage standpoint.



Oakland Co. SUBSC‘RJDER.



Hubscribcr's letter is so indefinite that

it is impossible to give an intelligent

ansWer. In the first place, 43 quarts of

milk is very indefinite. \Vhile a, quart

is a quart, yet if it is measured from the,

milking pail with a dipper it is different

than when measured with a milk can, or

a quart measure, usually. The old saying

is that a pint is a pound the world

around, consequently a quart of milk will

weigh about 2 lbs. Really, a gallon of





 





THE. MICHIGAN ’FARMER.





milk weighs a. little over 8 lbs., so that

a quart would weigh a. little over 2 lbs.

but -we will' call it 2 lbs. Therefore, 45

quarts of milk would equal 90 lbs., and

if the cows are good grade Jerseys and

Durhams, the average test ought to be

4 per cent; it may be 3% per cent, or it

may be a little more than 4 per cent.

This is something indefinite. There is a

great difference in cows. Consequently

I am just simply making a guess, and I

guess that the herd test will be 4 per

cent. If the herd test is 4 per cent, then

the cows would yield 3.6 lbs. of butter-fat

per day, or in a week they would yield

25.2 lbs. Now, 25.2 lbs. of butter-fat will

make about 30 lbs. of commercial butter.

Therefore a man with 45 quarts of good

milk per day from Jersey and Durham

grades ought to make about 30 lbs. of

butter per week.

SUMMER MEETING OF MICHIGAN

JERSEY CATTLE CLUB.





The second annual summer meeting of

the Michigan Jersey Cattle Club was

held at Oakwood, the farm home of Hon.

T, F. Marston, of West Bay City, on

Tuesday, June 22. Jersey breeders were

present from all over the state, many of

them accompanied by their wives. A

very enjoyable time was experienced by

all present. To those who have never

been to Oakwood and seen Mr. Mars.

ton's Jersey cattle, I can only say that

they have missed a rare treat. H":

has one of the finest herds of Jerseys

that can be found anywhere. It is not

only a fine herd, but it is a large herd,

containing at the Dl‘OSI‘llt time over 60

cows in milk and a large number of

young things, many of which are ex—

ceedingly tine.



Mr. and Mrs. Marston know full well





 





JULY 17, 1909.





The First Perfect Feeding Device

in cream Separators





We have frequently referred to the recklessly untrue state-

ments and claims made by ”desperate would-be-competitors”

struggling to retain Cream Separator business that is going to

the United States Separator.





We have repeatedly proved by the records of the United

States Patent Oflice at Washington and by the records in the

United States Circuit Courts, also by the records of International

Expositions and National Expositions, that most of the claims

of these would-be-competitors are false.





. They are using desperate and false claims in their efforts

to make it appear that they are first in everything desirable

in Cream Separators.





The United States Separator was the first to employ a

feeding device in the Separator bowl to deliver the whole

milk beyond the cream zone. This device of the United

States prevents all conflict of currents and any remixing of

the cream and skimmilk in the process of separation. It is

far superior to any “split wing” device, more perfect in

operation and has won the International prize for the most per-

fect separation.





The “disc” Separators could not use this device and in its

efforts to equal the device of the United States was compelled

to resort to an inferior expedient—the ”split wing.” But

the Hsplit; wing” does not enable them to equal the United

States, as the records show.





 





how to entertain, and their hospitality

is always equal to the best. Their;

luncheon must have been enjoyed to

have been appreciated. One would make

Vcry sorry work in attempting to do it

justice on paper. At each gucst's place

at lunchcon was a glass paper marker

containing the portrait of some noted

animal of (lakwood, a very appropriate

and beautiful souvenir for Jersey men

to carry home with them.



The day was well spent by members

of the club in looking over the stables,

milk plants and herds at ()akwood. They

were all practical, substantial and up—to-

date, and Mr. Marsbn dcserves a great

(It‘ill of credit for running such an estab-

lishment. There were over (30 members!

prcscnt and the sucycss of this meeting'

assures the members of the Jersey Cattle |

(‘lub of another niccting next summer

with some prominint JersI-y brcflder.»

These meetings prove not only fine social I

gathcrings but they are Vt'l‘y instructivei

bt‘t'ttlisi- it gives In tubers—Jersey breed-

ers—a chance to see what leading breed~

crs lIavc and how thcy keep it, and it‘s

well Worth the time and money for the

trip from any part of the state.





 





i





FEEDING A DAIRY HERD IN SUM-

MER.





 





Frequent and plentiful rains have thus

far kcpt the pastures green and thoi

qucstion of supplementary feeding has]

occupied but little attention. But there!

is little doubt that wc shall haVc plenty

or dry weather yet, with pastures short

and brown beforc the season closes. .\t

least this is the rule and there is no evi-

dcnce that the present year will consti-

tutc an exception.



A June grass pasture is good indeed

while it lasts, but it is of short duration

and few men who kcep any considerabh

numbcr of cows can get on succisst'ully

without prcparalion for summer feeding.

The man who has a summer silo has

Frillcd the question right. He, has a good

succulcnt food, grown cheaply, harvested

(‘1'tll‘lnlhicttlly, and preserved in perfect

condition for daily use when pastures

are dry. This every dairyman should

have just as soon as he can arrange to

build it. The diamcter should be small

enough so that one can feed off from the

whole top every day to a sufficient depth

to keep the ensilage sweet. It should

be high enough to contain all that is

needed for the cows during tire summer

season. Forty feet is not too high for

a summer silo if it can be anchored so

it will not blow down.



There are several disadvantages with

soiling. In the first place, we must cut

considerable of the crop a good while be-

fore it has matured, when the yield to a

given area is'nceessarily small. Then,

if much feed is required, the labor of

cutting it may interfere seriously with

the regular work on the farm, and a





 





_x___.._._ .





 





The United States Separator was the first to distribute the

incoming volume of whole milk back of the cream wall-





The United States Separator was the first to use nonalign-

ed channels for the currents of the milk through the Separator

bowl, on which it holds strong patents, and no others can use

this construction and it was the United States Separator

that beat the ”disc” Separator at the greatest International

contest of Cream Separators ever held.





' The Hdisc” Separator has never been able to equal this test}.





It was the United States Separator that beat the “disc”

Separator in its own County Fair test; and recovered more

butter in the cream than the ”disc” Separator recovered. ‘





The United States Separator is manufactured under pat-

ents owned by IT.





The United States Separator is the originator of the best

I things in.Separat0r Improvements.





The United States Separator is not an imitator in any

particular.





Vermont Farm Machine Co.





BELLOWS FALLS, VERMGNT

_





~ $35i1iiiiiiiiiifii’i





. , From factory to you. No middle profit. Ten-year guar-

antee. Thousands in use in Michigan, because the Dairy

Queen is right. The price is right. Ask your neighbor'





Allegan. March 29. ’09—] tried 8. Dairy Queen beside a De Laval. Sharples

and Omega. and bought it because It is simpler, runs lighter. sklma closer

and in three years use coat nothing for repairs and Is as good as new.



GEO. H. J



Litchtield, May 24, ’09—1 have used 9. Dairy Queen for 4 yearfi‘ivlngvIery

easy to operate and take care of. runs light and sklms close and We have

not been to one cent or expense for repairs. 8. W. ROBINSON.





Thousands of such letters. Free trial. Money back



any time. Order today. Freight paid.

- W. E. CALLANE, Mfg. Sales Manager for Michigan

LOWELL. MICHIGAN. '





 





 





 





 





GET TO KNOW





THE “ALAMO”





The Gasoline Engine that combines

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churn,run a separator, saw wood, bale hay, shell

corn and is adaptable to many other purposes.



In Stationary from 3 to 50 H. P., Portables. all

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THE ALAMO MFG. COL,

HILLSDALE, MICHIGAN.





N I CC R N DAI RY ‘ RATIO N-The only unadultera-

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CHAPIN & C0., Inc., Milwaukee. Wis.





 





 





 





 





i

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~_...¢r..,.-.-.. A ”





 





 





 





.JULY 17. 1909.

severe drouth in the latter part of the

hummer may so limit the growth as to

make the venture almost a. failure. The

demand for feed on the part of the herd

is regular. No weather variations, how;

ever radical, will greatly affect the appe-

tite of the cows. They must be well fed

if their owner realizes a profit, and it

is essential that he have some regular

and reliable source of supply. This is

largely furnished by a well filled silo,

without which we must, of course, rely

upon some other method.

vOn most farms there is some land that

may be economically devoted to pasture.

This is at its best in May and June, and

if the herd is not too large we can wait

until after that time before it is neces-

sary to feed the cows But if the herd

is large and the pasture is- not sufficient

a field of rye and vetch, or better, wheat

and vetch, if the soil is right, will be

ready to out quite early. When this ’has

become too old to be relished the clover

will be large enough to take its place.

And when that must be cut and cured,

oats and peas will be found lready for

use in turn. It is a. good plan to sow

corn with oats and peas for this purpose,

for, tho the corn contains but little dry

matter at the time of cutting, it will still

add considerable to the amount of

roughage. It will hold up the peas and,

if the crop is to be cut by hand, it can

be done very easily.



Corn should be planted with which (to

follow the oats and peas, and if it is

not ready to cut by the time the peas

have become too old for use we may

resort to clover hay in the interval. 1

would not plant the corn too thick. I

like plenty of grain along with the, fod-

der. By the time the Corn has ripened,

fall rains may have increased the feed

in the pasture.



If one is conducting a winter dairy the



cows will be dry in late summer and the

demand for something to eat will not be

so great. Perhaps we can resort to the

clover hay again with a small grain

ration in connection, but we may have

feed, .greenand fresh to cut at this time.

if we ha‘ve sown some hitherto neglected

Spot with buckwheat late in July. It is

not as palatable as corn or oats and

3211s, but the cows will lea1n to eat it

pretty well and the 1esulis in milk Will

be highly satISfacto'ry. By the time this

is gone we may open the winter silo and

our trouble is over.

(It will pay to feed the cows. We can

not afford to neglect the herd for a single

day when prices of dairy produrts are

as inviting as they are at present.



Occana Co. W. F. TAYLOR.

HOW ACIDITY OF CREAM AFFECTS



FLAVOR OF BUTTER.





 





It has been a generally accepted theory

among dairy teachers and writers on

dairy subjects that the production of good

butter necessitates the development of

a certain amount of acid in the cream,

for two reasons: to develop a desirable

flavor and to improve the keeping qual-

ity. Recent investigations by the United

States Department of Agriculture indi—

cate, however, that butter made from

pasteurized sweet cream has better keep-

ing qualities and remains free from ob-

jectionable Iluvors for a longer time than

butter made from sour cream.



The Dairy Division of the Bureau Of

Animal Industry for the past three years

has been making a study of the changes

which butter undergoes in storage, and

especially the influence of acidity of

cream on the keeping qualities This

Wis done to dc trimine the best method

of making butter for storage. The iiix'cs-

tigutions have included the making of ex-

perimental lots of butter by different

methods and in different parts of the

country. This butter was kept in cold

storage and was examined and scored





'at certain intervals, the scoring being





done by men who had no previous knowl-

edge of 110W, when, 01‘ Where the butter

W35 made, so that their conclusions were

based strictly 011 the quality of the

butter.



As a result of the investigations it was

found that butter frequently undergoes

marked changes even when stored at

very low temperatures, and that these

changes are more marked as the acidity

of the cream from which the butter is

made is increased. No bacteria were

found in the cream or the butter which

could reasonably be expected to be. the

cause of the more rapid deterioration of

the high-acid butter. Furthermore, the

changes in the high-acid butter were not

checked by heating the ripened cream,

which shows that they were not brot

about by enzymes secreted with or in the





cream and carried into the butter. The

results also indicated that acid which

develops normally in the cream by the

action of certain bacteria, or which is

added directly to the cream in the form

of pure acid, brings about or assists in

bringing about a slow decomposition of

one or more of the compounds of which

butter is largely composed.



What is regarded as of special import-

ance is the fact that butter can be made

commercially from sweet pasteurized

cream without the addition of a starter.

Fresh butter made this way has a flavor

too mild to suit the average dealer, but

it changes less in storage than butter

made by the ordinary methods, and can

be sold after storage as high-grade but-

ter. At the present time there are at

least ten creameries in the country mak-

ing butter from sweet pasteurized cream

without a starter, and many more with

a starter but without ripening. The

statements in regard to butter from un-

ripened pasteurized cream do not hold

for butter made from unpasteurized

cream churned without ripening. Butter

made in this way has poor keeping

quality.



Butter for the United States Navy is

being made from sweet cream, and this

plan, adopted last year, is giving satisfac-

tion. A tub of sweet-cream butter 14

months old on exhibition at the National

Dairy Show last December had no stor-

age or fishy flavor, and was pronounced

a fine article.





 





ECONOMY IN THE HAND SEPARATOR.



The value of a hand separator to the

man with a small herd of cows depends

as much upon the man as upon the ma-

chine. By this I mean that he must have

enough mechanical skill to keep his ma-

chine in good running order, and to see

that it is doing good work.



The first saving is in the increased

amount of fat obtained over the gravity

method. By the gravity system from

.25 to .50 of 1 per cent of the fat is left

in the milk, and butter-fat at 30c per lb.

is expensive as human food, to say nothe

ing of feeding it; to growing animals,

which must sell at 5@60 per lb. Now,

a good hand machine will skim around

.03 and sometimes lower. My machine

in the last year, has not left above .05

of 1 per cent of fat in the milk.



On an average cow. say one that will

give 8,000 lbs, of 3.5 per cent milk, with

your separator running at .0004 your loss

will be 3.2 lbs. fat; by gravity at .0035

you lose 28 lbs., or a difference of 24.8

lbs, which, at the average market price

of 25c per 1b., is equal to $6.20. Very

few men practice dairying with less than

10 cows, so you have $62 as the amount

saved on fat alone in One year. Now, if

you buy a standard machine, and you

make a mistake if you do not, it will

keep right on doing this for years with

but little expense outside of oil.



In this section the transportation

charge to and from the factories is 150

per 100 lbs., or, on the above cow, $12

per (year, and on 10 cows $120. The

drawing of the cream from the same. herd

would not cost more than $17.50, or a net

gain of $102.50 Besides this, you have

your own skim-milk which has not been

Contaminated by being mixed with that

from herds which may be diseased.



The value of skim~milk is variable.

From hogs on grass, when they are sel-

ling at 60 per lb., We 1‘eceive 35@

45c per 100 lbs. for it. Have also made

good gains on calves thru its use. I will

not say it is worth more than gravity

skim-milk, but I would rather have it,

and I believe the increased value is in

its greater palatability when fed warm.



But above all the separator is an in-

centive toward keeping more cows, for

YOU will iind that you can clean the ma.-

chine just.us easily for :23 cows as you

can for one. Some say there is nothing

in it anyway but 1 think just as a man

said to me the other day, “It is just like

a pension.”



I keep a herd record. Mv co vs al‘o

natives and various grades, and I have

some that are making more than 300 lbs.

of fat per year.



Iiillsdale CO.





 





RAY BAKER.





 





The Nt v3.Je1 s03 station 1"epozts that in

a llt‘l‘d containing 35 COWS one year and

.24 the next the average yea113 production

pe1 cow for the two 3ears was 6048 lbs.

of milk, ave1aging 4. 32 per cent fat, which

would yield 320 lbs of butte1. The cost

of feed D11 cow ave1aged $46 19 making

the cost of 100 lbs. of milk, not including

l2‘1b01, 72. 78 cents. At $1 per 100 pounds

foi the milk the average retuin pe1 cow

would be $17.29 for the year At 18 cents

per pound for butter it would be $11.41.

Under these conditions the cow must

produce 4.019 lbs. of milk. or 257 lbs. of

butter to pay for the food she eats.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





 





 





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THE SHARPLES SEPARATOR CO.

West Chester, Pa. Chicago, Ill.

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A SURE DEATH TO FLIES.





Dr. Thatcher's Fly Killer is the only preparation made that

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BoOFING " Old Style Iron 'P.

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Sykes 1m 1. Steel Roofing co. “.1233; 2:3;





   

 





ONE COW





 





 





 





 





 





and tonal





pleased with the machi uc.





 





Dear Firsz—Durinz the year 1907 we purchased one of

your size “1;“ emits-gr: Cutters with Blower attiachment

the same to be eminently satisfactory. The

machine is capable oi doing all you claim for it and upon

actual test 311- were able to put into :1 silo do it. high corn

ensilagc at the rue of :5 tons per hour, using a 13 I1. p.

engine. It 31.15 (2133' to cut at the rate of 15 to .51) tons

per hour during the whole day's time. This scison 33.:

l:.1d flirt-c lid-ton cement silos to fill and were under the

necessity of getting a cutter which would do the work 1-1-

pitlly in UlllCT to gut them filled in time. “’6 are well





O

Yours truly, \VEEKS BROS.





Richmond. M ich.





 





 





 





and we confidently oflcr it as the highest attainment in a silo filling machine.

shreds and elevates all at. one operation, and docs it faster and with less power than

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need not be taken apart. when machine is moved.



las very strong fan blades, heavy gear and a.



simple stop and reversing mechanism. Write



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Dept. 13





 





Wilder’s Whirlwind Silo Filler





is built. on lines that make it a very fast worker-it's the result of years of development





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Wilder-Strong Implement 00.,

Monroe. Mich.





 





 





 





ask 75 cents for.

a. razor, regardless of price. Order at once, 75 cents, postage paid

if registered You will not have to saw your beaid off. Once over will make your





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ONCE OVER \VITH THIS *WILL





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VJ ith The





Farmer 21. year $1. 25, 2 years $1. 65: 3 years $2.0

THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, M
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THINNING APPLES.





 





The first part of apple harvest is the

thinning. This is unnecessary on most

trees on some seasons and on «some trees

on all seasons, but when the tree prom-

ises an exceedingly large crop and there

are many small or imperfect specimens,

or the apples are grouped in clusters too

large to enable the tree to bring them all

to a large size, the operation must be a

profitable one.



Last season we thinned the following

varieties: Astrakhan, Strawberry, Snow,

Baldwin, Winter Rambo, Ben Davis and

Nor'thern Spy. The Transparents should

have been thinned for they were heavily _

loaded and did not attain a good size.

I noticed that some of the small green

ones left on the tree after the second

picking became larger than the first

ones. I have often noticed this rapid

improvement of the late apples after the

best and earliest ones were off, especially

on Northern Spy. \Ye always make two

pickings of this variety. A small green

pr is almost worthless but a large, well

colored one is more in demand than any

other apple. Many of these smaller spec-

mcns will make good apples if left on the

tree two weeks after the earliest are

picked. If all were left many of the first

maturing ones would drop.



Thinning.~ is based on the same theory,

namely, that relieving a tree of part of

its load enables it to supply more nour-

ishment to the remaining fruit, resulting

in its better development. The chief dif—

ference betwecn thinning and early pick—

ing of the matured fruit only, is that in

the, first Operation the poor specimens

are removed so the {$th ones will be still

better, while in the scoond operation the

good ones are removed as soon as mature

to enable the tree to furthcr perfect the

rmaller ones. Now, if we will follow

both practices on loaded trees I believe

we will be doubly repaid for our efforts.



Among all our varieties the \Vinter

ltanibo was most in nccd of thinning as

this is a slender grt'iwing tree with long



willow-like branches and healing the

fruit clustered close to the branch and

often in a solid mass around it for a foot

or more in length. The fruit in sticli

(uses is so crowded there is no room for

dtvclopment, even if there \V|"l't‘ food

rnongh. I have noticed that when the

crop was light on these trees it was of

good size and color but when llt'HV)’ was

rather small and green and givcu to rot-

ting and deformity on account ol crowd—

ing. Last season we tookofl‘ fully lill‘t‘P—

fourths of the fruit in July and they latcr

looked as if they needed thinning again.

The best of all is that almost every speci-

men on the trot-s was nearly pcrfcct, so

we are not wasting the vitality of the

tiers in growing Worthless fruit.



The Snow is a variety that needs very

thoio spraying to control the scab and

(vcn then there will be some deformed

specimens on account of it. This varit ty

is a good one to thin when they sct full

as they will be about right when all

tlcformcd apples are removed.



The Baldwin and Ben Davis are not as

casy to thin, that is. there is more same-

noHH to the fruits and one must remove

more pcrfcet specimcns simply 1,. cause

tlivy are too hcavily loadcd to be of gntld

size. These Varicties require more judg—

ment and a lot of faith to thin out prop-

(rly. It is a good training to prepare olio

to cut out tillcr trees in an orchard

Where they are too thick. The principle.

is the same. If one will keep in mind

the difference in the size of .laldwin

apples in years when the trees are loaded

and in years of light crops he will have

the courage to thin them properly.



The Northern Spy is a variety which

is comparativcly easy to thin and which

I believe will amply repay the labor on

yetll‘s of a full crop. On such seasons

there is bound to he much difference in

the size of the fruit and it is easy to

select the poorer specimens. There will

be branches, however, where the perfect

fruits are too thick and it requires con—

siderable courage to thin these out. \Ve

did not get over our Spies until the mid—

die of August, but it is “better late than

ntver” in this operation.



In no other operation can one study

the effects of spraying as he can in thin-

ning. Picking is a good time but many

cf the wormy, seabby, and deformed

fruits would have fallen off by that time.

At thinning time they are mostly there,

and the memory of how and when the

tree was sprayed is also fresh in mind

and this can be coupled with the condi-





/





THE momma FARMER. - _





tion of the apples. . Then, "too, one does

not feel jtoo rushed and tired at this time

to take notice and couple cause and

effect, but at picking time the hands and

mind are busy securing the crop and

packing and dispos'ng of it and little

thot may be taken as to the cause of.

perfect or imperfect apples.



Among the observations we made dur-

ing thinning, were these: '



1. Trees that were not sprayed before

the blossoming period have far more

scabby fruit than the e so sprayed. The

more I observe the results of spraying

the more I am convinced that good fruit

can not he gown on trees addicted to

scab unless th y are thoroly sprayed

shortly before blossoming,



2. The best fruit on very tall trees

was not in the top, as Would be expected,

but down where it got the benefit of the

spray. In some of the tallest trees there

was little fruit left in the top after thin-

ning while that near the bottom even in

the Center of the tree was quite perfect.



3. Some trees which stood next to a

fence and were sprayed fronrone side

only btfcre lilt\s<onlil1:_". had very little

good fruit on the unsprayed side while

the other side was loaded with nearly

perfect specimens.



Varieties which are apt to produce

two or more fruits in a cluster are most

in need of thinning. In most cases one

or more of these will be smaller than the

other, or inferior in some way and should

be snapped off. Astrakhan, Transparent,





where they have grown add something

to they humus, and thus managed they

give a. useful crop with almost no labor

except the harvesting.



Some Autumn Crops.



I know of no vegetable grown in the

open ground that comes into market ear-

lier in spring than the bunching onions,

or one that will bring more money to the

square rod. But for best results they

should be put in in early autumn. Bet-

ter results will come from preparing the

ground and thoroly working for a few

weeks previous to seeding. A good prep-

aration is to fairly load the ground with

well rotted manure and plow shallow,

not to exceed four or five inches, and

after a few days cultivate as deeply as

plowed. This will mix the manure thru

the soil and bring it where it can be

readily utilized by the plants. After cul-

tivation may be more shallow but should

be frequent enough to keep the ground

fine and mellow and put all germinating

weed seed out of business.



The Egyptian perennial, multipliers,

sets or ordinary onions may be used for

setting, or seed of the ordinary varieties

may be sown. If the latter is used, the

Prizetaker is one of the best sorts to

use. Early September is the best time

for putting in the crop so that the plants

may be well established before cold

weather. Plant or sow in drills sixteen

inches apart and keep the ground clean

until cold weather, when they should be

covered with coarse manure or litter.





 





Convenient Portable Packing Table.—It is important that no time be wasted in





getting picked fruit in storage.

\l'intcr Rambo, and Spy are inclined to

hroducc fruit in clusters. This is not so

common on Baldwin, Ben Davis, ItllSSl-‘t

(,lretning, or Stark, and these trees will

have fewer imperfect specimens if load-

ed than the varieties first mentioned.

This point is worthy of thot in selecting

varieties for I believe thinning will soon

be a common practice and if we can

St-it‘tfl varieties which are partially self-

thinning,r there will be much labor saved.

The Stark seems especially adapted to

this. Altho the trees are loaded nearly

all the fruits hang separately and are

not badly in tired of thinning. Tho this

apple can not be recommended for quality

or color it is very satisfactory to grow.

one point in its favor being this even dis-

tribution over the tree.





Calhoun Co. S. B. HARTMAN.





 





UTILIZING THE POTATO GROUND.





A practice that I have followed with

the medium, and even late potato ground

with good results, is to sow turnips be-

tween the rows. This lit-('(l not be done

until the crop is laid by: and, in fact,

may be dclaycd until early August. Of

course, it is not practical where the pota—

toes are harvested with the machine,

but when hand digging is fol twed it in—

tert‘cres but little with gathering the

crop of potatoes.



My practice has been, that after the

cultivation of the potatoes was over and

whenever I was ready to sow to go thru

lightly either with the horse cultivator

or with hand wheel hoe, and stir the

ground sufficiently for a seed bed, (it

requires but little), and scatter the seed

thinly between the roWs. They will re-

quire more or less thinning owing to

how thickly the seed is sewn, but in good

ground they will make a good crop with

very little work. I have grown very

good crops with no work whatever, ex-

ccpt the thinning. This keeps the ground

busy until cold weather and the tops left





Table like above will facilitate the work.





This will protect the plants during the

winter and promote early spring growth.

Spinage.



This is also a valuthle autumn crop,

either for table use during winter or

market purpOses, as it may be cut at

any time during the season when not

too deeply covered with snow. The soil

preparation is the same as for the bunch-

i1 5; onions, and there is no danger what-

ever of getting the ground too rich.

If a good winter crop is desired the seed

should be sown early in September, else

it will not {at sufl‘icicnt growth for win-

ter use, but, of course, will continue

growing in spring until it begins to go to

seed after which it is useless. So, if de—;

sired for winter use, no time sfiioultl be

lost after September I, in sowing the

seed. Sow in drills sixteen inches apart

or broadcast, which latter will give a

larger yield. \thn cutting for use take

the larger plants and the smaller will

grow during the early spring. It will

require protection during the winter and

litter of any kind will answer.



For full sowing the Savoy Leavcd and

Prickly “’intcr are the bcst

sow. The, latter one especially is very

hardy and will stand the severest winters

with but slight protection.



‘v'e call attcntion to these crops this

carly in order that the ground may have

the best possible prcparation and still be

in time to get the advantages of early

sowing. 7'





sorts to





Strawberries,



In a general way we do not advocate

the fall setting of this crop; but so many

neglect the work in spring that we feel

like urging a beginning this fall. August

is a good time to set them; but it snoum

be done early in the month and the vines

will then yield some fruit next year, and

anyway, :1 beginning will be made and,

we are so much nearer the promisedt

land. Unlike most writers, I do not]





claim that they are easily grown, forl





such talk is nonsense. It takes labor,





 





 





an

on

Think





Of the pain which many women experl-

ence with every month It makes the gen-

tleness and kindness always assoclated

with womanhood seem to be almost a

miracle. While in general no woman

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Sick women are invited to consult Dr.

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ence strictly private and sacredly confi-

dential. Write without fear and without

fee to World’s Dispensary Medical Asso-

ciation, R. V. Pierce, M. 0., President,

Buffalo, N. Y.





If you want a book that tells all ab0ut

woman’s diseases, and how to cure them

at home, send 21 one-cent stamps to Dr.

Pierce to pay cost of mailing ONLY,

and he will send you A FREE copy of

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AGRICULTURAL "LIME





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Write or wire us for prices for loll seeding.

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J—
5mm, 17.1009 ,

and lots» only and then, some more. to

grow good berries, but I do say thatfewf

crops grown give. more real pleasure or

satisfaction than do strawberries. Select





the best ground available and use only - ‘

, commercial





fertilizer or well rotted

stable manure, for there will be weeds

enough withOut mixing any seed in the

manure. Do not be afraid of overdosing

the ground, but make it rich, set early

in the month and set them carefully.

'Water if necessary, until they get well

established and keep them well tended.

Protect them thru the winter and with a

good start ths fall they will give some

fruit next year, and so much will be

gained.

family use than the Starr and Senator

Dunlaps. Both are fertile and the former

is very early, but a. long bearer, while

the latter, the later, will be in time to

cause no lap in succession.

Wayne Co. J. E. Morgan.





,__.——————'—-'““"‘





SHALL WE EAT MUSHROOMS?





 





To see delicious morsels of food going

to" waste on ‘one’s lawn or adjacent ter-

ritory because of some doubt concerning

it is tantalizing, to say the least, yet

that is exactly the light in which the

vegetable called the mushroom is viewed

by many who would gladly avail them-

selves of the opportunity to provide their

table with this delicacy,



During the early summer the soil

fairly teems with this perishable growth.

May and June are the months when

mushrooms spring up in a night and

lovers of them fare forth armed with

baskets which are quickly filled with the

spoils. A little later, when the autumn

rains come on, other varieties appear.





But for the fact that there are certain

toadstools or mushrooms which contain

a deadly poison there would undoubtedly

be far greater consumption of this fungi

than there is. The number of the poison-

ous varieties is not large, it is stated by

authorities upon the subject, yet the

fact that there are such deters many

peopre “from eating any.



‘The. c‘afi’mdn puff ball is readily dis-

tinguishable and strictly non-poisonous.

The small, tan color mushroom which

grows lg circles and which is called the

fairyrrin‘g‘because of this habit. is also

edible. ‘The variety which looks exactly

like a small sponge in appearance and in

color is another safe one to eat. This

has a. White stem and is hollow from top

to bottom with the inside pure white

thruout. .



The shaggy mane, another edible var-

iety, has the appearance of goose-eggs

standing on end, being similar to these

in Shape and color. A shaggy fringe of

pale br0wn color appears-upon them as

they mature.



The ink-caps take their name from

the dark inky fluid which forms upon the

tops and drips from the sides after ma-

turity. These are edible also.



All the above varieties I have eaten

repeatedly. Another, the fungi, which

grows upon trunks of trees, a beautiful

light pink in color when fresh, I pro-

nounce about the most delectable morscl

I ever tasted. All mushrooms should be

taken while young. Any that are begin-

ning to show signs of decay or discolora-

tion should be discarded.



But here is a warning to the would-be

gatherer. Begin with a single variety

selected under the direction of some one

who knows it. Avoid the woods or shel-

tered places for here are usually found

he poisonous kinds. Discard any and

all which have a bulb at the lower ex-

tremity of the stem or a. ring around

the upper part of the same. These are

danger signals.



When all is said about the safety of

eating mushrooms even the enthusiastic

will admit that an element of danger

accompanies the act. Should a single

poisonous specimen grow near the edible

it might contaminate the latter to the

extent of making very ill the eater even

tho death should not result. The wind

may carry spores from a poisonous to a.

non-poisonous variety with fatal effect.



So, while mushrooms are very delicious

it is doubtful if it is ever entirely safe

to eat them unless propagated artificially

and grown where they are entirely safe

from contamination.



The method of cooking mushrooms is

most simple. They should not be peeled

but merely rinsed in clear cold water

and thrown into a pan to steam in their

own juices for five to ten minutes. But-

ter is then added to season, 'with a little

salt, and pepper if liked. Serve on strips

of buttered toast.





‘Genesee Co. E. E. Rccxwoon.





 





I know 'f no better sorts for.





 

   

 





.‘GRANGE ,





our Motto—“The Farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved.”





TH E JULY PROGRAMS.





\

v





A’A: A





 





 





 





 





State Lecturer's Suggestions for First





_ Meeting.

The Annual School Meeting, (occurs





July 12, 1909).——1, duties of members 01

school boards: (a) itemized reports at

school meeting; (b) report of care _of

school premises and property. 2, duties

of school patrons: (a) what taxes must

be votedby the people? (b) what repairs

or improvements are needed? (c) how

may the Patrons assist in making a bet-

ter school? 3, appointment of school vis-

iting committee (to report in October).

Forage Crops.-—-1,‘ what crops shall we

grow for summer forage? 2, when should





a cow have forage to supplement pasture?





Lists of 10 handy, but somewhat un-

common, labor-savers in the home, by

five women, each to exhibit at least one

of the articles named in her list.





Leadingv Suggestions for Second Meeting.





“Gloomy shadows oft will flit,

If you have the wit and grit

Just to laugh a little bit.”





Fifteen minutes singing old and new

songs, followed by recitation.



After Local Option, VVhat?—-1, the en-

forcement of local option laws. 2, con-

structive efforts should follow local op-

tion laws. 3, general discussion of “what

can the Grange do to institute clean and

wholesome social gatherings in this

community?"



How I would master my work so as to

have some leisure: 1, If I were a man.

2, If I were a woman. .



Roll call, responded to by answering

the question, “What have I most en-

joyed today?"



The Fireless Cooker, with demonstra-

tion of how made and used.





 





ESSENTIALS T0 HIGHEST SUCCESS

IN COUNTY WORK.





 





The idea of the mission of the county,

or Pomona, Grange as the foster-mother

'of subordinate Granges is now quite gen-

erally accepted as their rule of conduct.

The leading of this most essential con-

ception of its province has revolution-

ized the work in some counties and

quickened it in others.



Following a clear vision of the rightful

field of a Pomona Grange, it is necessary

to grasp certain details of procedure as





essential to the successful carrying out

of that purpose. After some years of

observation and experience in county





work, I unhesitatingly hold that the first

requisite detail in a successful Pomona

Grange plan is locating the time and

place of the meetings for six months or

a year in advance. Reasons for this are:



1. All the Grange districts of the

county are to be tilled and—in View of

this fact—the fiefd should be considered

as a whole and Pomona visitations ad—

justed lo its needs so far as possible. If

the locating of meetings is left wholly

to voluntary invitations some parts of

the county will likely be visited oftener

than others which, in consequence, may

be quite neglected.



2. When invitations come before every

meeting and are discussed pro and con

in regular sessions, time is consumed

that is altogether too valuable to be

afforded on such details.



3. A neighborhood that knows, months

in advance, of the fixed date of a county

Grange meeting to be held in its midst

can plan accordingly and avoid conflict-

ing attractions.



4. No lecturer can plan as effective

programs who dOes not know from one

meeting to another where the next ses-

sion will be held. Nothing like justice

can be done the work from the stand-

point of balance and all-roundness for the

county and the year.



5. A locating committee, appointed at

the annual meeting, can canvass the

whole situation thoroly and render a re-

port that suggests dates and places for

the year's meetings. Occasionally unex-

pected occurrences will make a change

necessary, but not often. A much more

business-like and comprehensive method





of conducting the Pomona and its var-

ious departments results from this

practice. JENNIE BUELL.





 





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





New Hall in Prospect—East Bay

Grange, 1n the Grand Traverse region,

IS making progress toward the proposed

Grange hall which it hopes to make a

reality within twelve months. The

Grange held a social on the evening of

July 2 for the purpose of aiding the col-

lection of necessary funds.





The Quarterly Program recently issued

by Yps11anti Grange is both neat a

simple. It is a four-page folder, w

outlines of programs for the present

quarter on the inside pages. This form





 





   





0' "





of advance program is to be commended

to all live Granges. Ypsilanti will begin,

the last quarter of theyear with a school

meeting on Oct.- 2, at which Prof. W. H.

French will be one of the speakers.





Wells Grange.—A Grange was organized ‘





in Wells township, Delta 00., by Deputy

John Wilde, Saturday evening, June 26,

with the following ofl‘lcers: ' Master, Au-

gust Johnson; overseer, Magnus Manson;

lecturer, Melville Larsen; steward, John

Johnson; asst. steward, E. Vilmur; lady

asst steward, Maud King; chaplain, Eliza

Vilmur; ‘treasurer, Adolph Jorgensen;

secretary, Jens Larsen; gatekeeper, Chas.

Cody; Ceres, Delila Johnson;

J'eney Jorgensen; Flora, Anna Monson.





Ithaca Grange, of Gratiot Co., has a

committee working on a.plan to organize

a county grain improvement association.

At the last June 'meeting the members

discussed the question of which would

be the more profitable, intensive farming,

such as small fruits, poultry, bees, etc.,

or the heavier farming, as raising more

acreage of grain, corn and hay. This

proved a very interesting subject. While

many farmers pride themselves in their

broad acres, or desire to be the owner

of all the land that joins them, the fact

seemed to prevail that, owing to the

rapidly increasing population, intensive

farming by generous use of fertilizers is

what we must come to sooner or later.

This subject will be taken up again at

some future time.



Ypsilanti Patrons Conslder School

Topic—The new printed programs for

the present quarter's work were dis-

tributed to all the members the last

week in June and, on July 3, a large

company gathered at the home of N. C.

Carpenter to carry out the first assign-

ments. Because no instrument belonged

to the home, Mr. George Gill had been

asked to bring his violin and render

solos to intersperse the discussions. A

recitation upon the proper we. - of treat-

ing a. husband, from a cook’s standpoint,

was a happy selection by Miss Ida Thumb

and well given. Much interest centered





in the two main topics, first of which

was that of “The Annual School Meet-

ing." This was introduced by . Master





J. E. Warner, who is a school officer; he

said often no other patrons attended the

school meeting in his district but left

the business entirely to the officers. He

considered this unfortunate but that so

important a matter should be ni’tcndcd

to in a business—like numncr, reports of

needs and expenses of the district thoroly

understood by the patrons and u livelier

part taken in all those affairs. Mr. Eu-

gene Strung was thankful he was not an





officer for he found, when he was, that

teachers called upon him for trifling

things. It was news to him that school





boards might designate the courses of

studies to be taught and thot it would

be well if they took a more active part

in this direction. Mrs. McDougal tliot

it impossible to have a. pure water supply

maintained on the schoolgrounds, to

which Mr. Gill replied by giving detailed

account of how a drive well may be put

down and maintained safely at any point.

Mr. McDougal stated his belief that all

school matters were so prescribed by

laws secured by the “school people” that

it was well nigh useless to a“end school

meetings or to visit school, so far as

patrons and parents being able to alter

the management of the schools, and he

spoke from experience of thirty years as

a school officer. Opinions differed widely

on nearly all points touched upon and we

subject had to be closed with much to

be taken up at a later meeting. The

master thot appointmcnt of a School vis-

iting committee, to report at a full meet-

ing, a good plan. The second topic, “A

Saner and Safer Fourth.” brot out the

replies that few had given tho matter

very much careful attention but an ex-

pressed satlsfuction that more attention

is being paid the matter by cities. Sev-

eral advocated the participation of par-

ents with children in fireworks, and of

Granges with other organizations in pro-

moting more patriotic celebrations—J. B.





MICHIGAN CONTINUES TO LEAD.



The number of Granges organized and

reorganized from April 1, 1909, to June

30. 1909, as officially reported by National

Secretary Freeman, is as follows:





 





Organized.

Colorado ........ 4 New Jersey ..... 2

Connecticut .. . . . 2 New York ...... 2

Illinois .......... 1 Ohio ............ 13

Kansas ......... 3 Oregon .........

Maine ........... 4 Pennsylvania . . .14

Maryland ....... 4 South Dakota . .. 8

Massachusetts .. 1 Washington ..... 15

Michigan ....... 19 _

New Hampshire. 1 Total ........ . .96

Flo-Organized,



Delaware ....... 1 Pennsylvania. . . . 3

Massachusetts .. 3 Washington . . . . .1

New York . ..... 1 _.



Total .......... 9





 





COMING EVENTS.





Pomona Meetings.





Rosford Pomona (Roscommon 00.), at

RoscommOn, Saturday, July 31.



Gratiot 00., with Elm Hall Grange,

Saturday, Aug. 7. Bro. J. C. Ketcham,

stale speaker.



Charlevoix Co., with Maple

Grange, Thursday, Aug. 12.



Emmet Co, with Pickerel Lake Grange,

Friday,- Sept. 24.



Plcnlcs and Rallies.





Ingham Co. Pomona will hold its annual

picnic at the Agricultural College, Friday,

August 6.



Haring and Selma Granges, of VVexford

Co., will hold a rally On Saturday, Aug.

14. State Master Hull, state speaker.



Kent C0. Pomona Grange 'will hold a

farmers' picnic in Byron township. Kent

00., Wednesday, August 25. Fourth and

fifth degree session with Carlisle Grange

in the evening. Master N. P. Hull, state

speaker.





Grove





Pomona, ,





president, Mr. W. E. Carter.





 





(19)





 





E FARMERS’ own]





 





 





Address all correspondence relative to

the organization of new Clubs toMrs. W.

L. Cheney, Mason, Mich. -





 





Assoclatlonal Motto.— .

The skillful hand, with cultured mind.

is the farmer’s most valuable asset.





 





Associational Sentlment.—

The farmer; he garners from the soil

the primal wealth of nations.





 





THE ORGANIZATION OF NEW CLUBS.



There is a. too general feeling among

the active club members of the state that

little can be accomplished in the way of

club extension work during the summer-

season. On this account there is little

effort put forth to interest people who

do not now belong to a farmers’ club

in the work at this season of the year.

We have always believed this to be a

mistake. As noted in a recent issue, a

most favorable time for work of this

kind is offered thru the. annual picnic,

when an annual feature event of this

kind is hold by the club or clubs of any

community. That a little work of this

kind will accomplish good results in the

way of club extension is proven by plenty

of examples. The associational secre-

tary has just reported tbc organization

of two new clubs as follows:



East Cambria, Hillsdale Co., organized

by E. Z. Nichols; president, Lee Sturde-

vant; rec. sec, Mrs. John Jennings; cor-





 





sec., Mrs, Elmer Chency.



Hartland, Livingston Co., organized

thru the efforts of Director D. M. Beck-

with; presidt'nl, Heman Clark; rec. sec,

Mrs. Will Cullen; cor. sec, Mrs. S. E.

Lyons.





A LETTER FR_owM__T—I-lassocm-

TIONAL SECRETARY.





June 21th, 1909, occurred the regular

monthly meeting of the Maple River

Farmers" Club at the pleasant home of

A. L. Cllandlnr, President of the State

Association, in Owosso. It was my priv-

ilege and delight to be a guest at this

meeting and I found the Maple River

Farmcrs’ Club in a flourishing condition.

This club has more than an average_

number of talented members and we

were glad to llnd in the chair a young

man, Mr. l-‘.. N. “'uugli, who knew how

to keep things moving and who carried

out every item on the pmgrain. There

was one member, a lone democrat, Mr.

Ira Snyder (no politics allowed), who

assisted the Dl‘t'Sldt‘llt when necessary.

It is the custom of this club to elect ofli-

cci‘s soml—uimuully but usually clrry the

some officers two terms, or one your,

believing that passing the offices around

among the different members is a part

of the education. Maple River has a

limited membership, at first twelve fam—

ilies, but it grew so popular they in--

creased the number to twenty-two fam-

ilies, meaning about 60 members, all that

the average house can accommodate.

The host and hostess serve the meal, and

have a right to invite as many guests

as they choose. There are 10 clubs in

Shiawassee county, and seven of these

were represented at this meeting. There

was also a guest from the Troy Farmers'

Club, of Oakland county, and the writer

from Ingham County Farmers' Club.

These clubs are all very much alive, are

in good standing with the State Asso~

ciation and we bespeak for Shiawasseo

county great succeSS along club work.

Probably there is no other club in the

state that has done as much for the State

Association as has the Maple River

Farmers‘ Club. To my knowledge it has

furnished four presidents, one secretary,

one treasurer, one corresponding secre-

tary and two members of the executive





board, and at our last annual meeting

one, Mrs. E. J. Cook, was made ‘11 hon-

orary member. Many members have





acted on the various committees.

President Chandler and family were

royal entertainers and the train left for

Mason all too soon.

Mas. W. L. CHENEY.





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.



Hold Annual Picnic July 28.—The Sher-

man Farmers’ Club met at the home of

Mr. and Mrs. Kemperman, June 18, 1909.

The club was called to order by our

The meet-

ing opened with a song, then it was de—





cided to hold the annual picnic July 28,

and a committee was appointed:

decided to hold an old fashioned basket

plClllC.





it was





. After the rendering of a fine

literary and musical program the invita—

tion of Mr. and Mrs. Call to hold the
56 (20)

,next meeting at their home on July 16,

was accepted. After partaking of a good

supper by about 50 members and guests,

the club adjourned.——L. Kemperman,



Cor. See.



The Salem Farmers’ Club held its June

mee ' 0' at the home of Mr. and Mrs. F.

Love e. A good number were present.

Well chosen select; readings and recita-

tions were rendered. An address by

Mr. N. A. Clapp, was enjoyed by all.

The speaker reminded us of the wonder—

ful opportunities for education, both for

the farmer and his children, which are

now wide open to us. \Vhile the aim of

other nations has been largely conquest

and power, the watchword of the Ameri-

can people is, in an increasing degree,

progress and education for all the people,

The club gave a hearty vote of thanks

for the very inspiring address. A letter

was read from Rep. Wirt, Newkirk, in

favor of good roads. Club adjourned to

meet with Mr. and Mrs. Betty's in July.

——-ll. (3. ',l‘., Cor. Sec.



Waste on the Farm.—The June meet-

ing of the Summit aFrmers‘ Club was

held at the summer home of Mr. and

Mrs. Odell. The day being unfavorable

for farm work gave the club an attend-

ance of nearly seventy. The afternoon

session was opened by a discussion of

“Waste on the Farm,” by B. A. Ken-

nedy. XVaste on the farm is a broad

question to talk on, so I shall take only

one phase of it and call attention to the

waste caused by leaving the farming

implements unsheltered.

buys a new binder or a mower; he uses

it during the summer, but during the rest

of the year leaves it standing in the

open, the ironwork becomes rusted, the

woodwork rots and becomes weak, the

nuts rust off and the bolts are lost and

no amount of oil can make the internal

works run smooth. Altogether the ma-

chine becomes worthless, for the amount

of damage done by the elements is ten-

fold greater than that done by actual

use. It would be far cheaper to borrow

the money, if necessary. and put up

sheds for the tools than to leave them

exposed to the weather. The money

would certainly be well invested.



The question was discussed by various

members of the club.



Mr, 'l‘ownley said: “I shall speak of

waste of land and time. It has always

seemed to me to be a great waste of land

in having the orchard planted where you

might just as well raise wheat. “'ere

I ever to own a farm, the apple trees

would be planted along,r the roadside and

in the fence corners. The roadside might

also be used. it makes the best around

for raising potatoes, and a few rows of

well cultivated potatoes half a mile long

are much pleasanter to view than bur-

docks, ragweed and other unsightly

rubbish. Another waste on the farm is

the loss of time. Much time is lost in

going to town. (l0 once in a while, take

a big load and you get big returns. But

if you spend half or all day, two or

three times a week in going to town you

get nothing done at home.”



Mr. Bagg: “I do not count going to

town a loss of time. It is necessary to

go to town and it is a change from

everyday work.”



Mr. Mellevitt: “I am undecided

whether it would pay to run into debt

to build a Shelter for farm tools or not."



Mrs. Draper: “’l‘here is certainly great

waste by leaving tools unsheltered."



'l‘hc literary program was very enter-

taining. and the club adjourned to meet

the third Thursday in July with Mrs. J.

Leta—Mrs. John (tray, (‘lub Reporter.



The Tramp Questions—Jl‘he (‘onway

and ilandy l'nion Farnu-rs‘ (“lub was

very pleasantly entertaixn-d at the home

of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Benjamin, June

2?». The Weather was delightful and there

was a good attendance oi" both visitors

and members. Meeting was called to or—

der by the president, J, Franks. The

club joined in singing America and was

led in prayer by the chaplain, (l. L.

Adams. “The solution of the tramp nui-

sance" was assigned to 0. 1‘]. tlarr. Said

it one could always decide between the

worthy and unworthy trump the solution

would be easy. 'l‘hot in villages or larger

towns it might be remedied by having a

safe place to keep them over night, then

give them some work and a breakfast

in the morning and not send them out

hungry to annoy the citizens. (i. L.

Adams said he had known a woodynrd

to be used very effectually. ’J‘he ques-

tion was further discussed by \\'. l‘I.

Stowe. Mrs. ll}. Nit-hols and others.



Our High School System.~“\\'hat are

the faults of our high school system

today and what can be done to remedy

them?" was assigned to (‘lyde Stowe.

Said he used to think they had to study

too hard. Now he thot the subjects

taught were not practical enough. He





would suggest as a remedy such prac-

tical subjects as typewriting, manual





training, agriculture and domestic science.

\Varren Holmes led the discussion. ’l‘hot

the subjects taught in the high school

were chosen with a view to placing it

on the college lists rather than for their

practical tl‘Se. He would have the pupil

taught the things he would use rather

than the ornaments. Mn Adams tho!

the object of the high school was to train

the mind for any calling, and said we. as

a people, were in dangu‘ of placing too

much emphasis on the merely practical.

Mrs. Adams spoke of the added dignity

acquired by the ll.,‘2’,‘ll school student.

Alta Snyder, of the Owosso schools, said

they added manual training and domestic

science to their course and considered it

a great improvement. She would also

banish the “societies" from the high

school as she considered it fostered snob-

bishness among the members.



After a discussion of the results at-

tained by the last legislature, in which

attention was called to the search and

seizure bill and the new school law which

"Was thot to be a great improvement, the

question box was taken up with the usual

interest. The club then





meet with Mr. and Mrs. G. L. Adams





Suppose a man ‘





 





 





 





adjourned to -





the last Friday in July.——Mrs. O. E. Carr,





Cor. Sec.





 

 





Just give this pump en

zine fuel and oil and “let

’er go." Then g‘b out to the

field or away to town and

you’ll find it still pumping

when you get back.



It won't stop till you stop ,

it or the gasoline is gone. Runs at the rate of 31 strokestothe minute.

And every stroke means an up-and-down pull of exactly HALF A N l



How’s that ion a little engine that weighs only a little over 800 pounds ?





Fuller 8: Johnson





 

   

   

   

 

 





 

 





 

 

   





   

 

   





ran;





mama





 





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 





Farm

Pump Engine





" This novel pumping engine fits any standard pump. It clamps





 





right on to the pump standard. , No cement platform—no anchor

posts—~no extra pumping jack—no walking beams.



It takes only a few minutes to bolt it in place, and once there. it’s

apart of the pump. It can be detached just as quickly and

made to run all sorts of light machinery. All you need is a

, wrench— and that comes free with the outfit.



The Farm Pump is a positively acting machine—there’s

agsfolutely nothing to slip. No bothersome belts—no make-

s l 5.



It’s different; from the old style of pumping engines with their tremendous pull on the pump

rod. often requiring half a ton of stone to keep the platform from coming up.



'Our Engine PUSHES DOWN exactly as hard as it PULLS UP. This equalizes the strain.

It 5 Just as impossible for this engine to wrench the platform or pull up the pump rod and stand-

ard (as windmills do) as it is for a man to lift himself by his bootstraps.



. Same principle exactly.

-- . " it The tinx'mitljlump Engine can’t freeze and

can’ poss y over eat.

co u p o n for Engine _ Why worry with unreliable windmills.

Catalog





when—for less money than a good wind-

mill costs—you can get this wonderful en-

Please send Catalog of Farm Pump

Engine to address below:





 





zine that makes abusineSs of PUMPING ?

Also runs all sorts‘ofhand-power machinery.

Think it over. Get our great catalog and

learn more of the remarkable features of the

Farm Pump Engine.

Write for the price and the name of the

dealer who sells Farm Pump Engines.





Sold by Dealers Only





Send the coupon today for the Free En-

gine Catalog. Get an engine that: delivers

sparkling well water in abundance. when

and where you want it.



, DEALERS! The territory is being as-

signed rapidly. Write at once if you wish

the agency.





‘ Fuller & Johnson Mfg. (lo.

M 1‘ 254’ State St. Mndlson, Wis.





For 30 Years the

_I Leaders in Standard Farm Machinery.





MA SILO

; onagzigazoo Fl L‘LE. R

‘ REASONSWht/igfigg





MANY





(Name)





 





(Town)





 





(State)





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





   

 





   





 





   

 

   

 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

   





1' \ " '7

. sums c...

4 w CATTLE STANCHIONSIANKS , NEW AND ,

. l A wmowuswogoqg STIEELO \ DIFFERENT

. KALAMAZO ' metiéfifi; FROM OTHERS.





 





We do not ask

for cash with or-

der, because Ross

Machines for the

pnst59 years have

proved b e y 0 nd

the expectation

11: of every pur-



“ chaser. ~





EXPERIENCE MAKES

PERFECT.





"‘





7 1511.0 FILLING

MACHINERY





Made in sizes to suit all wants. SOLD

ON THEIR OWN MERITS. Buy them.

try them. and only then do we expect





5 9 settlement.





a





 

   

   

   

   





 

   

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 





   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





'YEARS E b I

very uyer 0



EXPERIENCE a. Boss outfit is

Largest manufactur— a satisfied cus-





 





' . tomer.



Our catalogue

shows the most

», complete line of

" Silo Filling Machinery on

the market. Don't forget the

R O S S S l L O.





 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

   





ers of Ensllage Mn-

chinery in the world.

ROSS CUTTERS ARE



GUARANTEED. » "

Write to-day for FREE Catalog. - .-





The B. W. ROSS (30., Box 14. Springfield





 

 

 





 





Specialr-Enclosed Steel Elevator or Carrier.





No Waste—No Choking or Clogging—A11 lengths.

With or without Portable Trucks—Open Eleva-

tors, or Blowers furnished in all lengths.





SPECIAL

OFFER





Cut: out; this ad

and fill out; the





   





Also full line Corn Shellers, Wind 8601351333 $23.33;

Mills, WOOCl Saws, , Fannmg M1115: for $2.00 to apply on the

‘ etc. purchase price of one





   

 

 

 

 





Freeman Power Feed

Cutter with .Enclo sod

Steel Carrier.





NAME cocoons.





 





P. 0 STATE





 





s. FREEMAN t sous mm RACINE W m. arm





‘ ' ' Jam 17





 





 





 





‘31.





r I .





e _ , .



. «IQ;



, 19%;" "-‘ . /

, r'





n.





The Baler for speed. Bales 12 to 18 tons a d .

Has 40 inch feed hole. Adapted to bank b3:

work. Stands up to its work-no dining holes

for wheels. Self-feed Attachment increases

capacnty. lessens labor. makes better bales-and

does not increase draft. Send for catalogue. ‘ )





Sandulcli m. 80., 140 lllln 8t, unwell, ills.





l’llS‘ave You $50





On a Manure Sprawl-

,- lf You’ll Let Me





This is just a little ad—but a postal will bring my Bl.

look—and give you my 350.00 Saving Price and Special

Proposition. You can save as much answering this little ad-

vertisement as if it covered a page.



My Spreader positively will do better workandlutlouget

than any Spreader made—no mat-

ter what the rice-50 why pay $50

more? 80. 00 farmers have

clamped lholr c. K. on

my Inn-del- and money

nnvlng prloo. My Special

Proposition will interest you.

Just a postal addressed to Gal-

loway of Waterloo, Iowa. will

bring you everything postpaid.

Will You Pay a Penny For

Tho Pounl and lav. 350.00!

Address Wm. Galloway. Pun.



WI. GALLOWAY co.

.4. Galloway 81-. Waterloo. In.





“Caldwell Special”





 





 





 

   

 

 

   

 

   

 

 





 





 





60 Days

‘ Trial FREE





_ l

Prove it on your

own premises that

it saves time.

saves labor and

. ‘ ,, ~ .‘ , makes money.

The “Caldwell Special" in as clean cut as a

race horse. Built right—works ri ht. Sim-

ply built—always given full H. P. (fosta little



0 run—big profit producer to pump water,

run cream separator. shred or grind corn

and a dozen other things.



Write any or-ull the Banks of Waterloo as

to our responstbility. Sixty day Trial Free.

(Wue prove? I “allot“ on your ovzn' rergiggs gt



_r it use a you canno or o



Withou a “ Caldwell Spe Gum’ga? ,_ '



CALDWELL-HOLLOWELL MW:

510 Commerce St“ WATERLOO. IOWA.





«n. ,





 

 

 

     





 





it you haven't a Saginaw

Silo beside your cow barn.



No invention of modern time!

can compare with it as 3 money- .

maker. Wherever corn. clover.

and alfalfa grow. the Saginaw



Silo in making farmers rich. You

cannot nflord-to be I ‘





Without a Saginaw Silo





Silage from it tastes so good 130

cows that they crowd themselvel

to the limit of milk-giving capac-

ity. Steers fatten twice as fast as

on dry feed or pasturnge. Write

for Free Catalog and Silage book.

Farmers Handy Wagon Co.

Box 64 , ’ - Saginaw. Mich.

Des Mginel. 115.. Minneapolis





 





“Cyclone" *



feed hay press is latest, most, powerful

and most. eflicient. Each circle of team

presses three charges. Self feed auto.

matically puts hay down. Wonderfully

increased capacity. Write now for “Baler

Book” and special low prices. Best





press, cost least. Five days free trial.

GEO. ERTEL 00., Oulncy. III. Established 1867.





 





 

   

 





SEND YOUR

Annnzss TO us





on a postcard and get our "EreeTrial

Proposxtiqn.” Don t: buy until you see

our definite guarantee for greater

capac1ty than any other horse power

hay ress. You run no risk. \Vrite for new

cata 02 D . Please mention this paper.





J. A. SPENCER. DWIGT. ILL.





 

 

   





 





 

   

   

   

 

   





1’

'5

._





   





 





" 7' THE LARGEST AND BEST LINE OF ' '





WELL DRILLING





‘ . W

MAC H I N E R Y $193325; man.-

ing It for over 20 years. Do not buy. until you





see our new Illustrated Catalogue No. 14. Send

for it now. ltls FREE ‘ ‘





luslln Manufacturing 00., chican-

R’OWN FENC





Strongest, most durable fence '

mule. Heaviest, closest wim. Double

I lvmizod. Prwtiocll indestructible. Stock





 

 

 





strongttlhioken light. 15 lo 3 c not rod. Sample Free. We

The Brown Fence a. Wire 60., Dept. 49 Cleveland. Ohio;





in * . ' ,





   





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





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