HED WwEEKLY.

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The Only Weekly Agricultural,

Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.

 

 

VOL. CXLlll. No, 7.
Whole Number 3796.

DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, AUG. 15, 1914.

50 CENTS A YEAR
32 FOR 5 YEARS.

 

Farming is Not Necessarily a Gamble.

VERY prominent contributor to

the Michigan Farmer has often

made a statement which would
seem to indicate that farming is just
a game of chance. In a late article
from the pen of'this correspondent I
note this statement: “If one does the
best he can that is all he can do, and
he must simply take what results are
handed out to him.” While this is
true it is very seldom that we do the
best we can.

We may be farming on poorly
drained land, which is a mighty gam-
ble. Good drainage is absolutely es-
sential to uniformly successful crop
production, and until a farm is under
a system of drainage which will ab-
solutely protect crops from flooding,
we have not done the best we can.
If we have purchased a farm or are
tilling a farm for general crop produc~
tion which can not be so drained, or
which washes seriously, we are again
in error. There is use for land in
almost any condition but the use must
be suited to the condition.

Again, one of the most common
causes of partial or complete failure
is in attempting too much. It is easy
early in the spring to lay out a very
extensive summer’s work, but “Not
how much but how well” would be a
splendid motto for every farmer to
paste in his hat just at this enthusi-
astic time of year, for there is trouble
ahead. A very few lines attempted
on a scale which will permit of their
being attended to in the very best
possible manner, from the time the
preparation of the soil begins until
they are turned into cash, will yield
far more in cash and satisfaction than
where a great many lines are attempt-
ed and none of them made to do their
very best. It is the opinion of the
writer that any of the crops that by
nature were intended to grow under
Michigan conditions can be made pror-
itable in Michigan every year and ex-
tremely profitable in favorable years.

This brings us to the question of
the selection of crops to grow. Grow
crops suited to your natural condi-
tions if you do not want to gamble.
Grow crops that just like to grow in
your locality. Any crop that must be
treated like a bottle baby will tend to
extend the idea that farming is a lot-
tery. The writer has had the pleas-
ure of seeing lima beans grow in the
bean section of California and he
would almost as soon think of trying
to compete with them in growing or-
anges. With the small white ‘bean,
they have nothing on us.-
anything on us on wheat, potatoes,
pea beans, sugar beets, timothy and
red clover. I could name a list that
people in this state are making a
brave but sadly handicapped fight to
raise and in the raising of which oth-
er localities have the tremendous ad-
vantage of truly favorable natural
conditions. Make the crop a kind
snited to the soil and the climate and
do not try to change the soil to suit
the crop, and do not gamble with the
climate. The first is not practical and
the second will “get you” too often.

No one has-

Grow crops suited to your labor condi-
tions.~ Competition is close In agri-
culture as well as in all other lines
and if we are to get any “velvet” we
must not get our wires crossed.

A simple rotation in which the get-
ting in of the crops, their care while
developing, and their harvesting and
marketing dove-tail well and do not
get on top of each other, tends to

take the gamble out of our business.
Some crops call for much labor.
These are all right if the labor is
available and the farmer capable of
handling it to advantage. However,
there are the standard farm crops
which do not call for so much labor
and which one year with another, all
things considered, are, I believe, just
as profitable. Work must be done on

 

 

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The Potato Bug Destroyer (Perillus claudus).

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Stone and Shingle House of the Popular Bungalow Type—McClure Farm.

 

 

 

Barns on the McCiure Farm, Gladwin Co.. with “Feeders’ in Foreground.

time to be uniformly successful. To
do it on time we must have the time
to do it. If our crop has unfortu-
nately been planted just ahead of a
packing rain, we must be Johnny on
the spot with the drag. We must not
wait for all of the field to be dry
enough, if the soil varies, but drag
the clay knolls first. There is always
a way.

In conclusion, I say no to the state-
ment that “he must simply take what
results are handed out to him.” I say
that if our land is properly drained;
if we attempt no more than we can
do with absolute thoroughness, at no
time neglecting any detail, and every
operation done seasonably, and if we
grow crops suited to our natural con-
ditions as to soil and climate and
with a careful 'eye to labor condi-
tions, so organized farming is not a.
gamble but a sure thing, and we can
make Dame Nature come right up
and eat out of our hand.

Shiawassee Co. A. B. COOK.

NATURAL WWI-IE PO-
TATO BEETLE.

 

I have read with interest the letter
from Mr. Chas. Taylor, of Montcalm
county, describing an insect which is
destroying potato beetles in his sec-
tion, which was forwarded to me for
COmmcnt.

I can see clearly that Mr. Taylor
has confused two enemies of the po-
tato beetle, in his mind. The one
treated in a recent number of the
Michigan Farmer, is a fly, a Tachina
fly, and not a beetle. The one to
which Mr. Taylor refers is, I think,
either a lady-bird or a stink-bug. We
have in Michigan, at least three ene-
mies that are helping to hold down
the potato-beetle. One of them is this
Tachina fly, which lays its eggs on
the skin of the living bug, another is
the potato—bug destroyer, which sucks
the juice, from the living bugs, and
the third is the lady-bird, of which
there are several species. The potato
beetle destroyer is a flat bug, looking
something like the potato beetle, it-
self, in size and color, although it is
not striped longtitudinally as is the
potato beetle. The lady—birds are us-
ually spotted and ordinarily confine
themselves to eating the eggs of the
potato beetles. The last two named
are the most common in the state and
do the most efficient work but they
all help in keeping the potato beetle
down. Now, it is doubtful if all of
these enemies of the potato beetle
combined will ever be able to take
care of the pest without man’s help.
I believe we shall have to spray as
long as there are potatoes, except per-
haps in more or “less restricted local-
ities where, for a time, these enemies
may hold the pests in check. The
potato beetle is in a way, a native in-
sect, but native only to a restricted
locality in the west. It does not seem
to have acquired enough enemies to
completely hold it in check, in this
part of the world. R. H. PETTIT,

Entomologist Michigan Ex. Station.

 

 

 

 


  

118—2

A RODENT-PROOF GRANARY.

I read with much interest Mr. Lil-
lie’s article entitled, “A Rat and
Mouse Proof Granary.” I was rather
amused by his positive statement that
the only way to make a granary rat
and mouse proof is to line it with
sheet iron, (or rather, sheet steel, as
sheet iron is hard to get), as I know
they can be kept out without it.

Perhaps I am wrong, but I think a
granary lined with sheet steel would
be rather close, as the air will not
penetrate the steel as it will wood.
Again, unless galvanized steel is used
it will rust from the sweating of the
grain and sudden changes of temper-
ature. Of course, I am partially guess-
ing as to the keeping qualities of the
steel lined granary, but I am not go-
ing to guess about the rest of it.

My granary is not in my barn, but
is in a general utility building just
as bad as a barn. The building is 20x
36 ft., with shed 12x36 ft. along the
north side. This shed is used for
buggies and small tools. The granary
is in the east end of upright, 16x20x8
ft. high. The west end, 20x20 ft., is
used as woodwork shop and store—
room. The second story is used for
storing lumber, baskets, crates, bar-
rels, wire, etc. This makes a capital
home for red squirrels. The work-
room is generally well populated with
mice, as we often shell corn in it.
This granary has been in use for 32
years and rats and mice have got in
several times, when the door has been
left open, but never has one got out
or in except through the door, and the
only sheet metal there is about the
room is a piece at the lower corner
of the door where a rat gnawed a hole
through when the door was left ajar.
The hole was not big enough for a
mouse to go through when the door
was shut. The room is floored, sided
and ceiled with matched white pine
and basswood, that being the lumber
my father had on hand and used to
do all his building with. Hardwood
would be just as good, and probably
better. Next to the buggy shed there
is no sheeting on outside of studding.
Next to Workroom one side of the
door is ceiled to joists and on the oth-
er side it is ceiled up about two feet,
making a regular mouse harbor be-
tween the studding.

Now, as to the cost of material. T0
line that granary with sheet steel
would cost about $60, and you would
have to have a floor under the steel
besides. The lumber to floor side and
ceil that room, at $25 per thousand,
would cost close to $35. The “proof-
ing” is done with mortar, using quick-
lime and sharp gravel. One barrel of
lime at $1.20 is plenty, and calling a
load of gravel $7.00, the total cost of
material comes to $37. The mortar is
about six inches deep between the
studding at the bottom, then at the
top girts are put in between the
‘studding about six inches down from
the top and mortar put in to top and
one-half inch of mortar is spread all
over the top between the joists and
troweled down.

There is no permanent floor over
this, and mice, rats, and red squirrels
have harbored there, off and on, all
these 32 years, and never has one got
into the granary except through the
door. It is a good deal of consolation
to put bags, full or empty. binder can-
vases, seed corn, etc., in there and not
have to worry about them. I am quite
sure we have saved enough grain ev-
ery year to buy the proofing material
and put it in place.

In a barn, I would want the outside
of studding, next to the hay, covered
though any rough lumber would do,
on account of pressure and, of course,
a floor over top of joists.

Not making the positive statement
that grain would not keep in the steel
lined granary, as I have not proved it
by experience, the wood lined gran-
ary is cheaper (by about one~half)
and certainly a great deal more pleas-
ant to work in. The only question is

 

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

(and that applies equally to the steel
lined one) to keep the door shut.

Another thing I wish to speak of,
is that when one has such a granary
he naturally puts a great many things
in it, as feed, flour, etc., and he is
bothered with meal bugs, wireworms,
etc. I find I have to take out the
flour and feed about once a year and
fumigate with carbon disulphide, be-
ing careful not to go in with lighted
lantern or other fire. This pretty ef-
fectually eradicates the verr'in.

Kent Co. G. E. EWING.

FARM NOTES.

 

Cement Blocks for Ice House Con-
struction.

I am about to build an ice house. I
would like to build it of cement
blocks. Will it keep ice as well as a
wooden building?

Wayne Co. J. R. C.

While it is probable that an ice
house built of cement blocks as ordi-
narily made would not keep ice quite
as well as one built of lumber with
the same care in packing, by using a.
little more insulating material about
the ice, quite as satisfactory results
would be obtained. The writer has a
neighbor who some years ago built an
ice house of cement, making the same
a solid wall, and he, has kept ice in it
with very good results. The most sat-
isfactory form of ice house built of
concrete is one of double wall con-
struction with a dead air space be-
tween the walls. The hollow cement
blocks will give a measure of this
protection from outside heat, but not
quite the same protection as would
be afforded by the double wall. By
the use of more sawdust in packing
the ice, however, an ice house built
of cement blocks should be entirely
satisfactory in service, and would be
much more durable and of better ap
pearance than would a wooden build-
ing.

Fall Plowing for Cutworms.

Can you tell me of a remedy for
cutworms? Would plowing the ground
in the fall be a preventative? Would
an application of salt to the ground
have any effect? What lays the egg
that hatches them? Could we fight
the pest now so they would not trou<
ble next year? Have heard of using
poisoned sweetened meal but I would
rather use some other method on ac-
count of the danger.

Lake Co. R. L. C.

Deep fall plowing is recommended
as a means of reducing the damage
done by cutworms and other similar
pests which pass the winter in the
larval stage. This process breaks up
the soil about the worms Where they
have ensconced themselves for the
winter, and many of them will suc-
cumb to the weather before they
again get into suitable winter quar-
ters. The damage from insects of this
nature is greatly lessened by devoting
the soil to a short crop rotation. Some
farmers claim that the application of
salt materially lessens the damage
done by cutworms, but there is little
authentic evidence to support this
claim.

The term, “cutworm,” is used to
describe the larvae of several species
of moths of similar habits. The adult
insect is a moth with dark fore wings
variously marked, which are folded
over the back when at rest, and with
lighter rear wings, the wings having
a spread of about one and a half
inches. Like the cutworms, they feed
at night, so are not ordinarily noticed
when in this stage. The eggs are laid
in midsummer, and the larvae be-
comes partially grown before Winter,
wintering over in a small cell in the
ground, completing its life cycle the
following spring.

The most successful method of com.
hating cutworms is to fall-plow the
land, cultivating thoroughly before a
crop is planted so that the worms may
be deprived of a suitable food supply
during that period. Another method
is to plow the ground late and plant
the crop at once, on the theory that
the worms will continue to work on
the grass and its roots until the corn

or other crop gets well started. They
may also be easily killed in large
numbers by the use of poisoned mash.

Fall vs. spring Plowing of Clover Sod.

I have a field sowed to clover; have
taken a big crop at the first cutting
and could get another cutting, as it
is now about a foot high. Would like
your advice as to which would be
best, to cut the second cutting and
plow the land in the spring, or let the
second cutting remain and plow un-
der this fall.

Wayne Co. H. G.

The best method of handling this
soil will depend not a little upon its
character and condition, also the need
of the hay crop which would be fur-
nished by the second growth of clo-
ver. It would, in the writer’s opin-
ion, be better practice to plow the clo-
ver sod next spring, rather than this
fall, unless it is desirable to get the
work out of the way before the spring
rush. If the hay is needed, it would
be good economy to cut and feed the
same to live stock this winter and re-
turn the manure to the soil before
same is plowed in the spring, but if
weather conditions are such as to be
favorable for a clover seed crop, it
might be more profitable to harvest
the second growth for seed. In case
it is desired to let same go back on
the ground to add humus to the soil,
as much benefit would be derived
from it if plowed under next spring as
if plowed this fall. However, as this
land has grown a heavy crop of clover
this year, it is probably in a fairly
fertile condition, and the growth made
by the clover next spring, together
with the extensive root system of the
plant, will supply needed humus, while
the bacteria which are peculiar to the
clover plant will continue to gather
and store nitrogen on the roots until
the clover dies or is plowed up. This,
however, is an individual problem
which depends for its correct solution
upon the local conditions above men-
tioned.

Turnips as a Crop for Green Manure.

I have a field which has been a
timothy and June grass sod. This
year I plowed it and planted to corn.
I want to know if it would be all
right to sow it to turnip seed just be.
fore cultivating the last time, for fer-
tilizer for potatoes next year, some
say the turnips will not freeze down
so but they will come up next year
and bother in the potatoes, and oth-
ers say they will not bother; this is
about a nine-acre field. Would like
your advice.

Antrim Co. M. G.

There would, in the writer’s opin-
ion, be no trouble about the turnips
growing after the land was plowed for
potatoes, although if handled in this
way it should be plowed early in the
spring, and cultivated several times
before planting the potatoes. It would,
however, be a more satisfactory plan
to sow winter vetch and rye in the
corn to be plowed down as a green
manure crop next spring, for the rea-
son that this would add some avail-
able plant food and vegetable matter
in a better condition to be quickly
available as a fertilizer for the ensu-
ing potato crop.

Top-Dressing Wheat with Stable

Manure.

I have a piece of ground which I
expect to top-dress with manure be-
fore sowing wheat. Would it be bet-
ter to disc the ground after manure
is put on to more thoroughly mix
same, or leave some on the top of the
ground to act as a mulch? Would
lime be any benefit to the Wheat? I
expect to seed this ground to clover
next spring. The soil is a sandy loam
with a heavy clay and gravel subsoil,
with some large stone.

Kalamazoo Co. H. O. S.

Where stable manure is to be ap-
plied to Wheat ground as a top-dress-
ing before the wheat is sown it would,
in the writer’s opinion, be better to
disk it into the soil, since its plant
food content would be more quickly
available and the benefit derived from
the addition of humus to the soil and
the increased activity of soil bacteria
would be more quickly noted. Wheat
is not directly benefited by the appli-
cation of lime, but if there is any
tendency toward acidity in this soil,
the crop of clover succeeding the

J

AUG. 15, 1914.

wheat would be very materially bene-
fited by an application of lime.

.SOIL AND FERTlLlZER QUES-
TIONS.

 

Lime and Fertilizer.

I live four and one-half miles from
a railroad, and to haul limestone so
far would be too expensive. So would
like to know if I cannot use common
ground sack lime? How much ought
I to use to the acre? I also want to
sow fertilizer for wheat. What kind
and how much ought I to sow? The
land is fairly rich and neither sand
or clay. I grow from 100 to 125 bask-
ets of corn to the acre but other
grains do not do so well, and clover:
does not grow well any more. I have
never used lime or fertilizer and any
information you can give me will be
gladly received.

Calhoun Co. J. L. B.

Common ground lime or hydrated
lime is just as good, and more effec-
tive, than ground limestone. If you
intend to use a ton or more of ground
limestone, half a ton of hydrated lime
will be as effective but, of course.
will not last as long, that is, you will
need to lime the field sooner again
if you use the hydrate. It would be
much cheaper to purchase your lime,
either hydrated or limestone, in car.
lots than to purchase of a dealer who
supplies the building trade and who
sells at retail. If you are only ex-
perimenting in a small way then you
are right.

On land that will produce 100 bask-
ets of corn per acre, I don’t think that
it is necessary to purchase nitrogen
in a fertilizer. What you need is
phosphoric acid and potash, or what
is commonly known as a rock and pots
ash fertilizer, like 9:3 or 10:4 or 10:8.
If you use only 200 to 300 lbs. it will
improve the wheat. To improve both
the wheat and the land I would rec»-
ommend 400 to 500 lbs. per acre.

Seeding Vetch in a Clover Field.

I seeded a field of rye and one of
oats to clover and timothy and have
a good stand on about two-thirds of
each field. Soil is a medium heavy
clay. Can I sow vetch in the vacant
spots with profit? How much should
I sow to the acre? How prepare the

soil?

Montcalm Co. E. 0.

If these poor places in the seeding
are of sufficient area so it will be
practical to work them up with disks
and spring-tooth harrow, they may be
sown to vetch and rye. It is better to
sow rye with the vetch to keep the
vetch from laying flat on the ground,
for this plant has a very weak stem.
You should sow as soon as possible if
there is sufficient moisture and seed
at the rate of one bushel of rye
and a bushel of vetch per acre. In
my judgment, however, it would be
better to fit up those poor spots and
seed to clover so as to have the field
all the same. I think the clover will
be quite as apt to do well as the
vetch. In either case, it would pay to
topdress these spots with manure if
you have it, if not, then use commer.
cial fertilizer.

Lime and Fertilizer for Alfalfa.

I would like to seed some alfalfa
and want to use some lime as more
or less sorrel grows on it now. Can
you advise me whether to use ground
limestone or caustic lime and how
much per acre? Where can I best
get this material? Could I top-dress
with commercial fertilizer to good
advantage at seeding time?

Allegan Co. H. H.

Either caustic lime or ground lime-
stone will do. If you use limestone
use at least one ten per acre; if caus-
tic lime half a ton will be as effective.
If you need less than a carload you
can probably get caustic lime from
your town dealer, but if you need a
carload you had best buy of someone
of those advertising lime in the Mich-
igan Farmer.

It would be a splendid thing to use
commercial fertilizer when seeding
the alfalfa. If you sow the alfalfa
with a grain fertilizer drill you can
sow the fertilizer at the same time,
but if you do not, then sow the fer-
tilizer before seeding the alfalfa and
harrow the land before sowing the
alfalfa. ’ ' COLON C. LILLIE.

 

 

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AEG. 15, 1914.

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

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Practical

Science.

‘llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll

llllllllllllllIlll|||Illl|llllllllllllll|lll|l||llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIllllllllIIlllllllllllllllllllllll|Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllIllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllé’ll

THE USE OF ALUM IN FOOD
PRODUCTS.

 

BY FLOYD w. ROBISON.

Along with sodium benzoate, borac-
ic acid and the like, some question
has been thrown around the use of
alum, particularly in connection with
food products. The principal place
where alum is used as such, in con-
nection with food products, is in the
preparation of cucumber pickles. But‘
curiously enough, the greatest ques-
tion of the propriety of its use has
not arisen in connection with alum in
pickles, but rather with the use of
alum in baking powder.

The Baking Powder Controversy.

Before food laws generally were
made operative in this country a war-
fare had grown up over the employ-
ment of alum in baking powder. We
are not certain that at that time the
objection to the use of alum, and the
public antagonism toward alum en-
gendered, was because of the primary
interest in the integrity of the food
supply. The alum question arose, we
think, largely because the employ-
ment of alum in baking powder threat-
ened the supremacy of the cream of
tartar industry. At any rate, the or-
iginal warfare on alum was a warfare
between two rival baking powder com-
panies. We think that weapons were
use in this warfare that were ethical-
ly outside the rules of the game, but
as in real war, ethics play a small
part in the procedure.

Many food commissioners and pub—
lic officials became aroused over the
question of alum and its use when its
employment had very little to do with
the question of food purity.

The Alum Baking Powder War.

We have not been greatly interest-
ed in the warfare against alum as em-
ployed in baking powder, for we have
considered it largely a warfare of one
group of interests against another
group of interests, without either con-
sidering the real interest of the pub-
lic insofar as it may be warped to
their particular advantage. The ques—
tion of the employment of this or that
acid ingredient in baking powder real-
ly amounts to nothing more nor less
than the choice of the least injurious
ingredient. There are three active
acid agents used in baking powders;
first, cream of tartar and tartaric
acid; second, phosphates; third, alum.
We have felt that ’their relative val-
ues lay in the order named. There
are certain distinct disadvantages in
the use of cream of tartar in baking
powder, and there are certain disad-
vantages in the use of phosphates in
baking powder. Likewise there is ob-
jection to the use of alum in bakingr
powder. None of these products can
be considered wholesome additions to
food products, but employed in baking
powders where they undergo chemical
changes before they are introduced
into the foods, their possible or prob-
able injuriousness is, of course, min-
imized.

What is Alum?

By alum is commonly known a com-
bination of sulphate of alumina with
one of the alkalies. There are three
combinations giving a crystal of prac-
tically the same form, with almost the
same physical characteristics; these
are the combination of aluminum sul-
phate with, first, potassium, forming
potassium aluminum sulphate; sec-
ond, with soda, forming sodium alumi-
num sulphate; third, with ammonia,
forming ammonium aluminum sul-
phate. The first one is called potas-
sium alum; the second, 'soda alum,
and the third, ammonia alum. With-
out doubt the part of these compounds
which give character to them as alum
is the aluminum sulphate, chemically,
A12 (80433.

There is a tremendous field in com.
merce and manufacturing for alum
and the arts is the proper field for the
exploitation of alum, a field all suffi-
cient in itself without encroaching up-
on the domain of food commerce.

All Baking Powders Are Objection-
able.

Baking powders are a seemingly al-
most necessary adjunct to modern
living, although there are certain
well-known pure food champions who
argue with much reason against the
use of baking powders. The world’s
foremost pure food champion, Dr.
Harvey Wiley, does not believe in
the use of baking powders in food pro-
ducts. Unfortunately, baking powder
will be used and we are not greatly
in sympathy with official antagonism
to any one of the three mentioned
solely on the ground of injuring the
health, for as we have stated before,
to our mind it is largely a question
of individual preference, for they are
all antagonistic to natural food di-
gestion. .

We have, therefore, passed over
without censure the employment of
alum in baking powder and our prin-
cipal reason is that when it gets into
the food it is no longer alum but has
become probably an insoluble hydrox-
ide of alumina. As nature’s first ef-
fort in repelling any injurious product
which may be introduced into the sys-
tem is to change its chemical form
and render it insoluble, we think the
chemical reaction in bread making has
changed the alum to its most unob-
jectionable form.

Alum in Pickles.

There has been however, an extend-
ed use of alum throughout the coun-
try in the preparation of cucumber
pickles, and it is in this capacity that
we most strongly object to its em-
ployment. We have been unable to
figure any real valid excuse for the
employment of alum in pickles al-
though certain manufacturers have
persisted in its use and many house-
holders put a small amount of alum
in the jar or can of pickles to produce
a certain desired crispness in the pick-
les. There is no doubt that alum will
accomplish this purpose; but it cer-
tainly does so at the expense of the
wholesomeness of the pickles. We
think the most apt expression describ-
ing pickles which have been treated
with alum is to call them embalmed.

Alum is a Menace to Health.

We consider the employment of
alum in food products to be on the
same general line as the employment
of copper for coloring cucumbers,
peas, beans, etc., and the employment
of preservatives in food products and
the use of creosote in the preserving
of hams, and others fully as objec-
tionable. We consider the employ-
ment of alum in food products to be
a distinct menace to health. Pickles
can be prepared in the home and in
the factory Without the employment
of alum just the same as corn can be
canned in the home without the em-
ployment of chemical preservatives.

One thing for which we commend
Dr. Wiley more than anything else,
for which he has been accused of sen-
sationalism and radicalism, is his firm
stand against the employment of any
ingredient in food products which
does not make toward the actual im-
provement of that product from a nu-
tritive point of view. Too much care
cannot be thrown around the manu-
facture of food products, and before a
chemical of any description should be
permitted to be introduced into a food
product it should be demonstrated be-
yong a shadow of doubt that its em-
ployment is a distinct and real im-
provement to that product. Under
these specifications we find no excuse
for the employment of alum.

2:
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Good Land!
0 Good Crops

"

 
 
 
      

I

come from
A-A- C -
Fertilizers

A.A. . FERTILIZERS produce

good crops because they
contain the crop-making,
:, available plant food to re—enforce the
v natural productiveness of the soil, and
‘0 yield more profitable crops. For ex-
~ ample; an ordinary fed cow, in good
condition, will always give some milk,
but good farmers have learned that by
scientific feeding they can make her
give more. Rations of special food for
the cow are not patent medicines or stim-
mulants, but the most nourishing food,
--the same as our fertilizers are food
: for the plants.

About seven million tons of fertil-
izers are used in this country. We
supply a large portion of this from our fac-

tories, located from Maine to California.

”1'“

co. 1"

    

 

 
 
 

  
 
 

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We furnish a fertilizer with 34”,, available phosphoric acid; special
grain fertilizer 2-12-3 and 20—4 analysis. We make the best goods
most suitable for different crops grown on all kinds of soil.

We want agents for unoccupied territory under our Consignment con-
tract. Send your name and address. We are sure we can interest you.

The American Agricultural Chemical Co.

Detroit Sales Department, Detroit, Michigan.

 

 

WI

 

 

 

  

“Repeater”

SMOKELESS POWDER SHOTGUN SHELLS

When it comes to getting a high grade shell at
a reasonable price, the Winchester “Repeater”
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quality of powder and shot.
’The list of loads furnished in,
this shell cover most shooters’

requirements, and all of them

give a full measure of shoot-
ing satisfaction. Ask for
Winchester Factory Loaded
“Repeater,” and look for the
big W on the box. They are

HtGH QUALITY BUT

MODERATE lN PRICE
Egg.

  

(Hum: MARI?

   

1V CHESTER

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.a HORSE

Made and Warranted by

  

DETROIT. ESTABLISHED mm

WHOLESALE ONLY.

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Ask Your dealer for the Label _

ARMSTRONG &. GRAHAM

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Ar eYou Fattening
Lie e or Hogs?

Ne mefilect of pens, runs and troughs
es hog lice—and disease~ a
probability.

The feeder who thinks unwholesome con-
ditions harmlessis, therefore throwingaway
good money. The one sure road to profit
in hog raising is by way of cleanlinesg and
sanitation through use of

Dr. Hess flip and
Disinfectant

It destroys licc.the1cholera germ; intact all
germs of mlectious diseases. when sprinkled
about the premises. Pow ertul. harmless.
easily applied Make a solution one allou
of dip to 70 or l00 gallons of water. pray
with this thoroughly. Prepare a plank- sided
wallow and let the hogs roll in the dip solu—
tion. This treatment will end lice and, in
addition render hogs immune to cholera
and other infectious diseases.

Dr. Hess Dip meets the Government 're-
quirement for shee J) scab. Best thing known
for sheep ticks an for spraying horses and
cattle. Also a valuable agent for disinfecting

   

 
    

 

sewers, sinks, drains and outbu1ld1ngs.
Write for a free dip booklet.

DILIIESS &CLARK. AShland, Ohio

 

 

 

THE. MICHIGAN FARMER

ORSES are valuable property on
H the farm nowadays, and with

the certainty that the Euro-
pean nations, 110w at war, will soon
have agents here buying horses and
mules for use in their armies it is ev-
ident that values will be rapidly ad-
vanced in the near future. Farmers,
especially, should use every precau-
tion to keep their horses in good
health, for the death of a good horse
is not to be lightly considered, under
the conditions now existent.

Bad Teeth.

There are several well defined ail-
ments to which horses are subject
that every farmer is familiar with and
‘is prepared to treat, but there are
others which result from causes which
far too many farmers give little con-
sideration. A cause for various ail-
ments in the horse is the bad condi-
tion of the teeth, yet on many farms
the horses’ teeth are never examined.
Indigestion is one of the ailments
which are most prevalent among the
horses, frequently resulting in flatu-
lent colic, and defective teeth are re-
sponsible in many cases for the
trouble.

Not many years ago in a stable of
600 express horses, 25 were indiscrim-
inately selected for proper dental

 

 

 

 

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to give satisfaction.

     

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CAUSTIC BALSAM

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diseases or Para51tes, Thrush, Diphtheria.
Removes all Bunches fiorn Horses 01'
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As 11 HIV" AN RF.“ FDY for Rheu-
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l.1er_v bottle of Can-tic Bali-um sold is
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vials etc. Address

THE LAWRENCE- WILLIAMS COMPANY, Cleveland, Ohio.

 

 

 

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Get this Free book

Gives reliable 111 formation on
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nnuqun/u IILIIIIIIIIIIHllllllllIl/IHI "

 

 

 

 

Michigan Livestock Insurance (to.
Gapltal Stock—$100,000. Surplusosioofloo.
Home Office—Charlotte, Michigan.
Only Home (30., in Michigan.

COLON C. LILLIE President.

 

H. J. WELLS, -:- Secretary-Treasurer.

Save your money.
WHOLESALE I EED A5“ for price list,
Ererything' 111 Food.
THE BARTLETT 00.. 100 Mill St" Jackson, Mien

.

 

 

treatment in order that a test might
'be made as to the benefit that might
ifollow. The teeth of these 25 horses
fwere put into proper condition and
“their ration of oats and corn was re-
duced two quarts per day each. After
jthe first month a great improvement
!in their general condition was noted,
continuing during the second and
,third months, when they were again
:weighed and it was found that an
iaverage increase of 48 pounds per
‘head was the result. The test‘was
made during the hot months of July,
RAugust and September, when flatulent
jicolic is most common among hard-
1101ked liOises yet not a single case
appealed among the 25 homes tested.
,Sinee this experiment every lot of
:new horses purchased by this com-
jpauy have their teeth examined and
3put into proper shape, as it is consid-
ered a waste to feed them until this
has been done.

‘ At first thought it would seem ridic-
julous to say that there are some
iforms of lameness which may be pre-
jyented or cured by proper treatment
30f the teeth, but is so nevertheless.
}A common form of lameness, especial-
ily among young horses working on
{the farm, is due to interference.
[Young horses first put to hard w01k
lfrequently show weakness and fa-
:tigue, get li111be1-1ef1ged and interfere
lbadly, or perhaps over- -reach and grab
the quartets of the fore feet and often
keep it up until they become very
lame.

Ordinarily practitioners
der condition powders, tonic balls,
change of shoes and a few days’ rest.
This would give temporary relief, but
supposing the horses’ teeth are in
such shape that he cannot properly
masticate his food? The result is a
failure to assimilate the nutritive qual-
ities of his food—indigestion, in fact
—resulting in the weakness that, in
many cases, is the direct cause of in-
terference.

It is an economical policy therefore,
to see that the horses’ teeth are kept
in proper condition. The constant
wear 011 them frequently leaves sharp
edges that lacerate the sides of the
mouth and this not only prevents the
animal from chewing his food, but
sets him on a nervous edge that as-
sists materially in reducing his flesh
and his strength. Sometimes the
grinders wear down much faster than
the frontal teeth and then the horse
becomes unable to grind his food at
all. indigestion being quite certain to
follow this condition.

Often, too, a horse will suffer great-

would or—

 

ly from a decaying tooth. He will be-

HORSE TROUBLES.

come nervous and irritable, run down
in flesh rapidly, and be unable to do
anywhere near the amount of work he
would do otherwise.

The expense of having a veterinary
examine the teeth of the farm horses
once a year is very small, compared
with the saving of feed, the reduction
of the chances of sickness and death
and the greater amount of work they
will do, when their teeth are in shape
to permit them to utilize their food to
the fullest extent.

Choking.

Another ailment, not a frequent one,
in horses, but one that is very serious
in its consequences, if not successful.
1y treated at once, is choking. Horses
that are inclined to bolt their feed
are the most frequent victims of chok-
ing. Owing to the narrowness and
great length of the oesophagus or gul‘
let, it is peculiarly liable to impact-
ment of dry food when the horse
swallows it without sufficient mastica-
tion to moisten it. A horse choking
from impacted food in the gullet will
show distress in his breathing and a
saliva-like foam will come from his
mouth and nostrils. When the 0b-
struction is near the larynx the ani-
mal’s distress is greatest and usually
it may be felt on both sides of the
neck above the windpipe, but best on
the left side of the neck. When the
obstruction is low down in the chest
diagnosis is not so easy, but when
fluid is swallowed it accumulates in
the tube until it is distended for some
distance up the neck, which indicates
the nature of the trouble.

For this form of choking, before
anything else is attempted, raw lin‘
seed oil should be administered by
the mouth and carefully kneaded into
the substance in order to soften it so
that it may be swallowed. Not too
much oil should be administered at a
time and the horse should be allowed
to expel it at intervals, as it will dis-
tress him to keep his head up for a.
long period.

If the obstruction be hard, however;
like an apple or a potato, it will be
best to send for a veterinary, al-
though sometimes oil carefully knead-
ed around the object with the hands
will permit it to be worked down the
tube into the stomach. One should
never, under any circumstances, try
to push the obstruction down the tube
with a broom stick, 011 other unbend-
ing object. A piece of three-quarter-
inch rubber hose with the end made
perfectly smooth and well oiled, may
be used if other methods fail, and a
veterinary cannot be secured. When
this is done the horse’s head and neck
should be held in as nearly a straight
line as possible, otherwise the ob-
struction may pass into the windpipe,
which will result in suffocation.

As before remarked, choking is not
a frequent occurrence in horses, but
it requires such prompt treatment
when it does occur, that the knowl-
edge of what to do at once may save
a valuable horse.

New York.

H. L. ALLEN.

REMEDY FOR SHEEP BOT.

 

One of the worst parasites with
which sheep herdsmen must contend
is the sheep hot. The adult fly lays
its eggs on the nose of the sheep and
in a day or so, the eggs hatch out and
the larva or maggots work their way
up the sinuses of the nose and event.
ually reach the brain.

By watching a flock of sheep one
can usually tell when they are trous
bled with the sheep bot. They crowd
together and sneeze often. They keep
their noses close to the ground or
rubbed against another sheep—the
main object being that of hiding their
faces. At other times they will be
seen pawing at their noses with their
front feet. Usually these symptoms
will diagnose sheep bot trouble.

AUG. 15, 1914.

9w

The remedy is to put anything on
the nose that will keep the adult from
laying its eggs. Tar is about the best
remedy there is for it sticks well,
lasts quite a long time and is effective
against the fly. It might be applied

by hand but that method is too long.

and laborious. A very effective way
of applying tar to the sheep's nose is
to bore a hole in a log in the pasture.
The hole should be just a little small-
er than the muzzle of the sheep. In
the bottom of the hole place some salt
and then smear tar around the top of
the hole each three or four days. The
sheep, in their endeavor to get the
salt, will keep their noses well smear-
ed and if the hole is kept filled with
salt and well smeared with tar, the
sheep will not be troubled with this
parasite which is so hard to combat
medicinally and which nearly always
results fatally.

Ingham Co. I. J. MATHEWS.

FEEDERS' PROBLEMS.

 

Eradicating Sheep Ticks.

Will you advise me if there is any
way of ridding sheep of ticks without
dipping them?

Missaukee Co. C. Y.

There is no very satisfactory way of
eradicating sheep ticks except by dip.
ping the sheep in some solution, such
as creosote or nicotine solution. This
is not a very expensive proposition,
and the best plan is to use one of the
standard dips which can be purchased
on the open market at moderate cost.

Will Brood Sow Get Too Fat on
Alfalfa?

I have a pure-bred sow, due Septem-
ber 10, that is running in alfalfa pas-
ture and seems to be quite fat. She
is not fed anything but water. This
is my first experience in pasturing al-
falfa. Will she get too fat?

Wexford Co. G. E. S.

A Poland-China sow has a right to
be heavily fleshed. That is character-
istic of the breed. Of course, you can
get them too fat. But this usually is
brought about by confining them quite
closely and feeding them freely on
corn. Where they have the run of a
good-sized pasture they rarely get too
fat, even if they are fed grain in con-
nection with the pasture. Exercise
and plenty of it, usually takes care of
anything of this character. You don’t
want your sow thin in flesh when she
farrows. You want her vigorous and

1

a Poland—China is not vigorous if she‘

is poor. My judgment would be that
the sow should have a little corn
with the alfalfa, even if not more than
one ear each day. This will help bal-
ance the ration and will give her bet~
ter heart and more vigor.

THE BROOKVYATER SALE.

 

The public sale of Durocs held by
Prof. Herbert W. Mumford, at Brook-
water Farm, near Ann Arbor, Mich.,
on August 4, was well attended, with
a fair number of buyers present from
other states, as well as Michigan. The
offering was first-class in every re-
spect. The breeding of the animals
catalogued was rich in the blood of
many of the most noted individuals of
the breed, and all came into the ring
in the pink of condition.

Without an exception, all were
strong individuals, showing the vigor
of healthy growth, stimulated by prop-
er feeding as well as the type which
is the mark of good breeding. Fortya
six head went through the ringat an
average of $46.90. One hundred dol-
lars was the top price of the sale,
paid for the bred sow Orioness 96390
by an Ohio breeder. While the choice
end of the offering went to widely
scattered buyers from outside states,
a considerable portion of the animals
offered went to Michigan bidders and
will aid in upbuilding the quality of
Michigan herds of this breed. At the
prices which prevailed in the ring,
many Michigan farmers could have
done a profitable stroke of business by
buying foundation stock from this ex-
cellent herd, which is the largest in
the state and one of the very best in

' the country.

 

 

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.. . ......e N‘s—Or. _. -a.—_~:. -. _

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s

AUG.‘1‘5, .1914.
“The Dairy Type”

HILE reading the Michigan
W Farmer for April 25, 1914, I
came upon an article written
by N. A. Clapp, and entitled “The
Dairy Type.” This article is very
unique for several reasons, and I was
very much interested in it———in fact,
so interested that I cut it out, pasted
it into my scrapbook. Since that time
most of my spare moments have been
taken up investigating dairy literature
”this in a vain endeaver to find
something that would corroborate
some of the “empirical” statements
found in the article referred to above.
One of the most unique features of
“The Dairy Type” is its unwarranted
attack upon a prominent dairy edu-
cator and gross misrepresentation of
the literature which this man has em-
bodied in a book, title, “Cow Demon-
stration.” Friend Clapp leads us to
believe this man to be a pseudo-pro-
fessor of “cowology” but I have heard
him speak—likewise I have seen him
perform in the dairy pavillion, and I
am frank to confess that his talk
sounded pretty reasonable, while his
pavillion performance was very en-
tertaining, if not instructive—at least,
it was for me.
What Constitutes Dairy Type?

This question has been asked a great
many times, yet, as far as I am able
to judge, the dairy type is one of the
greatest will—o’-the—wisps of the stock
judging pavillion. There are scores of
men who can spot instantly the supe-
rior beef animal in a bunch of beeves,
the best lard type in a pen of Tam-
worths, or the best wool type in a
drove of Rambouillets, but I have yet
to see the man who can tell infallably
the best producer in a herd of ten
cows, or the best layer out of a pen
of ten hens. The reason is obvious:
the fine characteristics which distin-
guish a high—producing dairy cow from
a low producer are internal, rather
than external, and are not revealed by
a physical examination, alone. Again,
I am reminded of the instance so com-
monly known among dairy judges. Af~
ter a careful examination of form,
shape of head, tri—wedge conformation,
shape of udder, and prominence of
milk veins, a notable dairy judge
placed ten COWS of the great Beidler
type in order of their superiority (sup-
posedly on the basis of production).
He then called for the milk sheets to
verify his placings. At the end of the
line and in the tenth place stood a
heifer that later developed into the
former World’s champion Guernsey,
Spottswood Daisy Pearl.

What we ordinarily understand by
“dairy type” is an imaginary cow
that numbers among her physical
characteristics all those which go to
make for high productive ability. The
real, live cow presenting all these per-
fections of form never lived. The
perfect dairy type is purely imaginary
and therefore, my perfect cow does
not look exactly like Friend Clapp’s
perfect cow, yet even that does not
signify that my cow is a superior pro-
ducer.

Large Mouth Indicates a Good

Feeder.

Another unique feature of "The
Dairy Type” is its quibble over the
statement above, and an apparent de-
sire to lead us to believe that the au—
thor of this book judges a cow’s ca-
pacity by the size of her mouth alone,
for this statement follows: “I feel
fully justified in advising those who
wish to be judges of good feeders
when selecting cows, to look farther
than merely a large mouth; the whole
animal’s system is concerned in the
matter.”

Another statement is: “If the pro-
fessor had said that a good, broad,
strong underjaw, which goes with
large vital organs that constitute the
working machinery of the animal, in-
dicates a good feeder, we could say:
“You are right.” Following is a direct

THE MICHIGAN. FARMER

quotation from “Cow Demonstration,”
under the heading given above: ,

“It is when the cow chews her cud
that the saliva secreted by glands en-
tering the mouth is miXed with the
food, changing starches to sugar and
beginning the many chemical changes
that take place before the food can be
assimilated. For these reasons strong
jaws of well defined width and depth
are desirable. Weakness in these
parts indicates poor feeding qualities
to quite as great an extent as does a
small mouth, and is to be guarded
against.

"A careful study of the different
processes and the many organs in-
volved in digesting the food after it
has left the mouth, as well as a con-
sideration of the great amount of food
nutrients necessary for the mainte-
nance of the animal, and for great
milk production, points to the signifi-
cance of an adequate and roomy space
where the foods may be stored and
digestion carried on.”

While it may be that the diction of
the first statement is superior to that
of the last, and the words may be
chosen more carefully, yet I see no
great difference in the meaning.

Dairy Temperament.

Whatever temperament is the cor-
rect one for the would—be high-produc-
ing animal, I am not prepared to say,
for I do not believe there is any sin-
gle temperament which is “the one."
However far it may be removed from
the common ideal of dairy tempera-
ment, the World’s Champion Brown
Swiss cow, College Bravura 2nd, is a
pretty drowsy appearing cow, yet the
performance which she put up at the
pail and churn was quite phenomenal.
On the other hand, the former World’s
Champion Jersey cow of the Roycroft
Farm was anything but sleepy look-
ing, and I feel safe in saying that
eight of ten of all the high~producing
cows 1 have seen have the nervous
temperament.

Temperament is constituted by the
continuation of a mood. The habitual
tendency to laziness is designated as
the lymphatic temperament and the
term lymphatic temperament bears no
relation to the lymphatic glands—in
fact, physiology tells us there are no
true lymphatic glands. Likewise, vig-
orous in style is synonymous with
nervous temperament. I found a book
on dairying copyrighted in the early
nineties, in which the statement was
made that temperaments were de-
pendent upon the various body sys-
tems which were in the lead. That
was the old idea, but it las slowly
undergone revision on account of the
disclosures which modern physiology
have made. We know now that the
size of the different body systems has
a very remote influence upon the tem-
perament of the animal.

Well Balanced Temperament Best.

We are advised to select cows with
a well-balanced temperament. The
question now that arises is, what con-
stitutes a well—balanced temperament?
Here we have a question that baffles
even the sages and I come to the
point of giving advice, but I will only
suggest that if I were buying cows, I
would not pay much for physical char-
acteristics. I want a cow, in general,
to have a symmetrical tri-wedge form
with a clean-cut head. Outside of
these requirements, I would pay the
rest of my money for her milk record,
together with that of her ancestors.

However, when it comes down to
the last analysis, there are two potent
factors which are essential do getting
the true measure of a dairy animal.
These are cow and man in about the
proportion of 51 per cent cow and 49
per cent man. No cow can make a
high record in spite of her manager
and in this connection it is interesting
to notice that the same man who car-
ed for Jacoba Irene when she made
her world’s record for the Jersey
breed, has just made another and big-
ger record in Massachusetts with
SOphie 19th.

Ingham Co. I. J. MATHEWS.

 

 

5—121

Comfortable Cows?
Guarantee Satisfaction and

Bigger Profits

With Harris Sanitary Barn
Equipment you can supply certi-
fied milk (10c per qt.) at less ex-'
pcnse than it now costs you to pro-

' ., duce the Sc grade. The demand for certified milk is greater
than the supply. Better prepare to produce it.

Harris Steel Stancliions

Are made of high carbon steel, with
drop forged steel hinges. They are )er-
fectly smooth, with rounded bottoms. he

, hinges are on the side, insuring the cows
‘ perfect comfort while lying down. Differ-
ent sizes of wood lining will adjust them
to different sizes of cows. Easily hung in
wooden frames as shown above. They are
full chain hanging, low down, free from

Harris All Metal Stalls

7Are the most unusual bargain obtain-
able in sanitary barn equipment. Very rea-
sonable in price, although we use only
first-class, large size, Genuine Standard.
Weight Steel Pipe — not thin tubing.
Stalls are all finished in rust-proof alum~
inum paint and come ready to set up and
cement in. They cost no more than wood
(considering cost of lumber and time for

complicated parts. We furnish Bent Stall fitting) and last, a. lifetime without A,

Partitions for bolting to wood frames.
What a Pleased Customer Says:

burg. Vn., writes: You may be interested

learn that, while my new dairy barn is not large.

it is said to be the very best in appointment,

Fully describes our complete line
of high grade barn equipments. Gladly sent. froo.
' Ask for catalog No. 6 today.

design and construction in this part of

the country and is referred to as a

model in every way. ‘
Illustrated Catalog FREE 1

Mr. Frank 0. Baldwin, Architect of Frederick:-

becoming rickety.

  
  
 
  

 

t0

 

 

 

 

.. The Harris Mis- c... Box 550 Salem. 0.

 

 

 

Yes! lMeanll-- \.
When I Say You Don't
Need Cash lo Buy From Me.

nz- ll not the pace. and n prove my con -
donco In Galloway oodnb extending credit to
. F ifl'oren plans, one of which
. t e h lack of ready
cash stand in your way. You can' get manure
lDl'Gldel'l. sunlino engines, cream separators or
other form oqui ment from Galloway at factory to
(arm price. on a basil 0! Buy now. Pay later.

5 H. P. $99.50

One of my big en-
gine bargains.
cycle,wa:cr-cool—
.. ed. Hit and
_, miss governor.
I Machine fin~
ishcd cylin-
Olncr

' _ : ' ' dcrs. . “‘

sizes from 13-410 15 ll. 1’. / l in/ .

I Cum Separator Bargain , fl;

Gear-I run in continuous bath of (nil. ~ 4V , ‘,
Skim. cleaner, works better than any other. i .‘Q .

I send ou this so; aratonon 80 to 90 days tnnl LL];
at n D co that w: luurpnne you. :Q j- '

‘A .

r ' .
GALLON" 13MB lhlEZV! -- +7..
SELLINa PLAN din-posisllllyou-ojxnllgino I
tho coodl. 8-~Pnrt cash. balance notes. its-All
hotel. 6--Smnll sum down, balance monthly pay-
ments. Just zetin touch With me. e_c my low
price: and read my 825000 niiuantoe. W rite now
and let me lend on my big: free comics.

Wm. Ga loway, resident
The Wm. Galloway Co.
IBZGalloway Sta. Waterloo, Iowa F

 

 

     
     
  
     

Buy. the New Buttor- . ' . -' ‘
fly .lr. No.1. Light running,
easy cleaning, close skim- q
ming, durable. Guaranteed Ir“

a Ill-time. Skims 95 qts.

per hour. adc also in four

     
  

larger sizefl up to 51-2 shown Ere: ,,
' ' Earns its own cost. .'I 'f

30 Days Free Trlal and more by what ' ""
it saves In cream. l’oslal brings Free. cat- ,
nlog folder and “direct—from-fnctory" offer. / 1
buy from the manufacturer and save half. ”2] f » ' .

' ALBAUGH-DOVER co.
2195 Morena" Blvd. cmcaoo /

 

  
   
   
 
    
  
 
 

“Best by Every Test”

The "KALAMAZOO" is the silo for you! It answers
‘ every question—meets every demand thatcan be made
in use. Your choice of 'I‘ile Block or seven kinds of
wood. Thousands of satisfied users praise its perfect
construction. Special improvements. found in no other
silo, make the “KALAMAZOO” the One you need.
“’"ewzm “om Write for Catalog

Send for Free Catalog and Special Oi-
fcr today.

my 5,70 KALAMAZOO TANK a. SILO co.
Kalamazoo, Michigan

Branches: — Minneapolis, Minnesota
Kansas City. Nor—No. l-t.Worth.Texas

  

 

C. Blume, Rush Hill, Mo., says he made
815.00 in one day with an ALLIGATOR.
This press has largest feed hole, more ef-
fective draft, rubs 011’ green bark less than

the I’erpctu a]. m a kes smooth. compact ha 10.
Guaranteed to do all catalog claims or no sale.
Write for free catalog and read com— A _.

mon sense way of hay pressing.

J. A. SPENCER
Dwight. Ill.
ll‘ZWlllinm street

9_s_ AMERICAN
3 .22.. CREAM
153m... in

a I“:

obtain our handsome free catalog Arliires.

AMERICAN SEPARATOR co. Wigwam.“

 

 

 
 

 
  
 

 

Severe Duty—3°51
~ ,;_,.. phase the steadiness
_. of Heer Double Opposed
Engine. Most econom-
ical engine on the
market—fuel,oil and up-
keep considered. Al-
ways ready to work.
and work hard too.

“1 rite today for catalo o
Heer Engine Co.,45 ESt., Portsmouth, 0. g

r

 

youli'ilslpilo quickly, cheaply and SAF ELY

Most of the accidents

that occur in connection with filling silos are the results of

TIME IS MONEY on silo—filling days.

the rush to get much work done in short time.

You can not

crowd an ordinary ensilage cutter without taking big risks of losing

your fingers between the feed r

ollers and of breaking the machinery

by careless feeding. But you are safe at all speeds when you use the

SABFE

ONEY MAKER

SILAGE CUTTER

The automatic safety yoke and the guards that enclose all operating parts
prevent accidents to the operators and make it safe to run the machine at its
speed limit. The solid, one-piece disc to which the knives and fans are attached‘
reduces the number of breakable parts of the cutting and elevating mechanism
thus making breakage practically impossible to the machine itself. '

Don

ot experiment with dangerous, slow and

complicated cutting machinery when, for no more
money, you can buy the Mars/,faxlml, stwngest and

:7 5 im pies!

ensilnge cutter, that will save you money

or ‘—. every year and still be in good running order long
after any ordinary cutter would have been thrown

. into the

scrap heap. lVrz'te today for catalog

The Western Implement Company

112 S.

 

Capitol Ave. Indianapolis, Indiana

'2
.
E
y
f
.

 


122 —6

THE MICH‘IGA

 

N FARMER

AUG. 15, 191i-

 

     
  

 

 

; THE .
I o cAEORlc

/ “The Furnace
Without Pipes”

The most unique heating system ever
introduced. Requires neither Hues nor

ipes in the walls or cellar. Distributes
eat perfectly through one register, necessitating
but one hole in the floor. Brings city comfort
right into the farm home. Costs less than other
furnaces and can be easily installed by yourself.

Absolutely Guaranteed

To save at least 25 per cent. of fuel. Burns coal, colts
and wood equally Well. Dos away with the disagree-
able taslr of carrying coal upstairs and ashes downstairs.
Gives you more space in the living rooms by ceiti rid
of _the stoves. Keeps the upstairs rooms and I‘hslls
uniformly heated at all times.
.
30 Days’ Trlal
00' e . Our guarantee stands
’ ' baclt of every "MON!-
TOR." Install one In
our home for 30 days.
it does not give coin-
ete satisfaction in
every respect We
will retu rid your
money.

Free Booklet

Describes and illus-
trates all important
features of the
"MONITOR."
Be sure to Write for

it AT ONCE.
The Monitor

Furnace Co.

 

 

    
    
 
   
   
 

 

 

    

 

502 Gert Street
Cincinnati,0hio

DELIVEREDYTétJFREE

   
    

 

on approval and 30 DAYS
‘ TRIAL. Write at once 1%-
beautifully illustrated cata
of our new 1915 model
“Ranger” and particu-
\\ tars of the most marvel-
‘ ous offer ever made on
‘5 a bicycle. You will be
. astonished at our low
prices and terms.
BOYS, make money tak-

 
     
  
  

ing orders for Bicycles,
RlDER AGENISWANIED Tires and Sundries from
our big complete catalog. Do Business direct with the
leading bicycle house in America. You cannot alfard to

buy until you know what we can do for you. WRITE Us.

 

 

m

 

*-
‘Will add immen-i. THE REU‘BLE 5'25 worth per
fisely to the .quan- Liam D acrc will add 50

  
    
    

 

Qtity. quality and
appearance of,
'.¥0UR_FJ§_U l wa
.‘ ~ ' .4. "*

to 75% to your
crop yields.

LeadingAgriculiural
Experiment Stations
confirm this, as our

free Booklet shows.
in FARMERS GROUND ROQK PHOSPHATE width???

4 ’Write for free Booklt‘l
delling all about il.
b.—

 

i'_l."Address. N ’3

 

White and Brown Ferrets tor Sale $35,“ fifiiitlli'liiilii

and all small animals out. of holes. Burt Ewell, Wellington. 0.

 

 

POULTRY.

l’lllE BREST WHITE OllPlllGTDllS iififiifiifit‘é’flfi

oockerels. few yearling 116118. Get a start. now.
The Willis Hongh Pine Crest Farm. Royal Oak. Mich.

 

 

PLYMOUTH Rock cockerels 5 to 11 lbs.. according to
age, hens 5 to 8 lbs., 15 eggs $1: Mammoth Bronze
Tom Turkeys 8 to 35 lbs. according to age. Price $8
to $23. 108338 33. A. E. ORAMTUN. Vassar. Mich.

s. L. WilllllOllE EGGS—Ef'°§.§§e“fi.hi§:3mg:

Satisfaction guaranteed. F.E. Oowdrey, Ithaca. Mich.

LILLIE FARHSTEA D POULTRY

B. P. Rooks. B. I. Reds, and 8. 0. W. Le on: eggs
for sale. lb for 31: N for $1.50: 50 for .60.
COLON 0. LILLIE. Cooper-ville. Mich.

—Oommeroe strain. selected
S. C. W. Leghorns three months old cockerels
3 for .2. EVERFRESE EGG FARM. Ionia. Mich.

 

 

 

 

qlLVER, White and Golden Wyandottes. 1"? from
L Whites $l.50 per 15. $2.50 per 30. Silvers a (loldeus a catalog
prices. Browning's Wyandotte Farm. Portland. Michigan.

 

—All prize winners and breeding stock.
Barred flocks at half price. Won 80 prizes last winter,
W. O. OOFFMLN. R. No. 6. Benton Harbor. Mioh.

HITl‘I ORPINOTON BARGAINS—8 and 12 wks old chix at.
low figures. Bret-(ting cnckerols cheap. Eggs and baby
('hix half price. MARY E. THOMPSON; Redford, Michigan.

 

 

DOGS.

 

Hounds ‘gil‘filétéifiiflfséli’in' Shetland Pony Mars:
Send 20 stamp. W. E. LECKY. Holmesville. Ohio.

Fox and Wolf Holmds

ol the best English strain ill lmsnca
40 years experience in breeding
these fine hounds for my own
sport. Save your pigs sheep and
poultry. Send stamp for catalog

'1‘. B. HUDSPETH,
Sibley, Jackson County, Mo.

, ,When writing to advertisers please
mention The Michigan Farmer

 

FATTENING CHICKENS FOR THE
MARKET.

Few farmers think of making any
special effort to fatten the chickens
before placing them on the market,
yet the small amount of work and ex-
pense required to put the young cock-
erels in first—class condition will well
repay in added size and price obtain-
ed. Professional poultrymen, and in
some sections regular buyers, realize
this fact and rake in the sheckles ac-
cordingly. There is no reason why
the farmer, himself, should not reap
this extra profit. In reality, the fat-
tening ofthe young birds is a. very
simple matter.

After being out on the range, as
most farm birds are, all summer, the
birds are prepared with bone and
muscle of ample proportions to be
brought into condition for the top-
notch market with just a. few weeks
of rounding off. It is not so much
that birds should be extra fat, but
they should have plump, well-filled
out bodies with just enough fat to
make them look well. Most farm
chicks are sold for roasters. Few of
them are hatched early enough to fit
in for high-priced broilers.

Watch the Market.

Some of the earliest chicks may be
ready by August to get into condi-
tion. One should be governed by the
market. If one has a demand for
roasters of three or four pounds in
weight, it is a good plan to take them
off in summer. Usually the price is
considerably higher at that time, and
it will scarcely pay to hold them a
month or two longer for the extra
weight they will put on.

As to the fattening process, the idea

 

 

is to make them eat as much as pos-
sible of meat-producing food, and at
the same time keep them from wast-
ing this in exercise. Professionals use
a cramming machine, in some cases,
but this is not practical for the farm-
er. Young cockerels may be confined
in coops or crates, not more than six
to ten in each, allowing them just
enough space to move about comfort-
ably and eat and drink without being
in each other’s way. It is claimed
that quicker and better results are ob-
tained from the use of crates, but
with most farmers it is more conven-
lent to use coops or pens. Any sort
of a place to confine the birds will do,
however. An argument in favor of the
crate method is the fact that they
may be piled up in tiers, where large
numbers of chicks are being fattened
and thus make a saving in room.

Chickens Fattened in Three Weeks.

Three weeks is about the right
length of time to get the birds into
condition. A few days more may be
needed in some cases, but it usually
does not pay to feed too long. The
first few days they should be fed spar-
ingly, never quite enough to satisfy
them. This helps them to get used
to the inaction and heavy feed. Feed
should be given to them three times
a day at first. Some recommend only
two meals the last week. They should
have plenty of water. Grit should be
fed them th0 or three times a week.
A surplus of food should never be giv-
en. Keen appetites will keep the birds
growing. Cleanliness is necessary. To
this end dust two or three times with
insect powder or sulphur to keep
away parasites. If sulphur is used, it
must be in small quantities, as it
sometimes gives the skin an unsightly
appearance, when the birds are dress-
ed off.

As to the ration, finely ground
grains, mixed with water or sour milk,
are best. Whole or cracked grains
should be discarded. Mixtures of corn,
oats, barley, buckwheat, or in fact,
any combination of grains seems to

glllllllllIllllllllllllIllllllllllIllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllg ‘ I
Poultry and Bees.
g"llllllllllIllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllll|lllllll'llllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllIl|lllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll—fi

do the work. Milk will take the place
of animal food if available in suffi-
cient quantities. If not, beef scrap,
say ten per cent of the ration, will do.
It is a good plan to soak the scrap in
water a few hours before adding to
the mash.
New Hamp. C. H. CHESLEY.

SALT AND CHICKS.

 

In an article I read a few days ago,
in one of our farm papers, at contri.
butor asks regarding the use of salt
as a. top-dressing for asparagus, and
asks if it will kill his chicks if they
should pick it up. I would like to give
a bit of our experience along this line.

We had a. flock of 50 fine Plymouth
Rocks, of which I was very proud.
One morning on opening their coop a.
woeful sight met our gaze. The floor
under the roosts was covered with
dead birds. One after another was
taken out, until 26 had been counted
——one-half of our cherished flock.

And now the question arose, “What
had created this awful havoc?” Chol-
era, skunks and rats were all discuss-
ed, but examination pointed to none
of these.

Finally the solution of the mystery
came to me like a flash. Wishing to
use a pork barrel which contained a
small quantity of brine, it was taken
to manure heap and emptied, where
we thought it could do no harm; but
the fowls, finding small bits of meat,
had picked in the heap, with the above
stated result.

During the day, while they had ac-
cess to plenty of water, there were no
casualties; but during the night, one
after another had succumbed to its
cruel fate.

So I would sound a warning note.
If you must have both salt and chicks
in the same yard, be sure and have
plenty of water; but it would be the
better part of valor to have the chicks
in the park. One practical demonstra-
tion proved enough for me. I learned
my lesson. JENNIE WILLSON.

,A HOUSE FOR TWO HUNDRED
HENS.

Can you send me a plan for a poul-
try house, that is the right size to
accommodate about 200 hens? I have
several plans, taken from farm maga-
zines, but there is none that is just
right. I am going to build one soon
and thought you might be able to
help me out with a plan.

Mecosta Co. L. W. B.

In my judgment, 200 hens should
not be kept in one house. There are
too many hens together to do well.
You had better divide them up and
have more houses or have partitions
in the house so that that many hens
will not run together. My best judg-
ment is that 50 hens in one enclosure
is a sufficient number of hens to be
kept together to have 'them do their
best. I have three hen houses on the
farm intended to keep 100 hens in
each house, but these houses are dou-
ble and only 50 hens are kept in one
flock. The houses are 16 feet wide
and 60 feet long. Then there is a
partition in the center dividing them
into two flocks of 50 each. Each flock
has two compartments, 9. scratching
shed and a roosting compartment. The
scratching shed is open in front, with
simply wire netting to keep the hens
in, while the roosting compartment
contains windows and is made tighter
and warmer. This contains the roosts
and also the nest boxes. The nest
boxes and the roosts are on a plat-
form so that the whole lower surface
can be utilized as a. scratching shed.
One good window in each roosting
compartment is sufficient. I know of
no better plan for a hen house.

COLON C. LILLIE.’

 

 

 

 

 

Can start Coupled
or sto up short.-
instant y

I 2 to 8
tongfiper bigot}

This Free Book tells
.; of profits hating hay.

v‘ Sandwich owners I
allothers: Make $200 to
$300 clear profit every
' .-. month bailing hay. for
growers in their district. '32.tons in 8
-hours with a 3-man crew" writes C. W.
Brown. Merrill. Michigan. lflenty more bale
20w80tons daily.rain or shine. III Tunnels.

t

SANDWICH
Hay Presses

This mighty. solid steel moron nun supplies
ts own power from h $ade. hopper cool .

big

6. 8 or 10 H. . mounted on same
truck. ared Magneto. No break downs. An- ,
other exclusrve feature—full wer delivered .to ‘
‘ Press by heavy steel miter chain. Turns outsolid, -
salable es. No dangerous lts to slip or
stretch in wet weather. No other baler has
this friction clutch .on press. can start or sto
instant] .Simpleself-feeder thatatands harder-ow —
ing. W}; make Horse and Belt power presses too. '

Grasp 'l'hls Golden Moment

and mail a postal for our famous "Tons Tell” ;
catalog that shows you in 'actual figures the
money made with the SandWich Press and how
you can pay for your press from your first year's
earnings. Sent tree postpaid. Address today. .
Sondwleh Mtg. Co... 1 ”Oak St" Sondwlchflll. .
“x109. Counell Mo. la. '0! IOOKonm City. No.

Gas E ne, 4

 

 

   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  

The Silo FIIEer with the Direct Drive I
‘ Wonderful recent improvements of-
‘ Ohio"eclipse anything ever before
produced. Ono lever contro s all movements
-reverses by wood friction at finger gras-
sure. Self-feederfwith famous ”Bull 03”

cup. Patented Direct Drive—Shear cut— .
nan-explosive, non-clogging. Enormous ton-
nage on half inch cub-50 to 250 tons a day-
6_to 15 h. p. 20-year durability. ”Ohio-cut"
silage famous;—cuts l crops. Used by Ex-

ervment Stations everywhere. Guaranteed. I

any big new features this year.

‘ Write for folder B, free, |

also send 10c for 264-page

.1:

book, Modern Sila e
h ds." 3 .

THE SILVER MFG. CO.
Iolom. Ohlo

-_--—-
\

WRITE FOR BOON

. Ross Silo FILLERS

      
   
 

‘ “7' T-lllr « .
‘
.. ..

_~.....3).._.

   
 
 
 

 

 

Booked up by

64 years at experience

The Ross is the only machine of thts‘type that
is equipped with steel cutting agparatus.
steel blower disc. and steel true . Other
machines ol.‘ this type are furnished with cast
iron cuttlnz apparatus. cast iron blower disc.
The steel equipment makes the Ross Indes-
tructible, and the most reliable and durable
silo filling machines on the market. Strong
claims made for strength. capacity. durabil-
ity and ease in feeding. Ask for large catalog

The E. W. ltsss 60.. Box 114 Springfield. llhis

 

 

 

 

Kalamazoo Center Shear
SllO Flllers TheONLYcenter-shearcut

      

mac hinezincreases capacity.
lessens friction. saves power
cost. Free catalog fully de-
/.,., scribes this special patented
"- ‘0 feature.alsomalleablciron(un-
71" breakable) knife wheel.

 
      
   
 
 

    
    

Human TANK a still 00.
Kalamazoo. Mldi.
Minneapolis—Kansas City—N0.Ft.Worth,'l‘ex.

More CIDER

from less apples can be produced with .: _. .
Original Mount Gilead Cider and. Grape 'J .3,"
Jones Ifresses than any other. This . ‘ ’ 7
press is a .

BIG MONEY MAKER
We can show you how $12” a ’
year can be made in the cider
business. Sizes 10 to 400 bar-
rels daily. Hand or power. All “7' .' "‘17. '.

or presses have steel beams and i; '
sills. We make cider evaporator-s,
apple-butter cookers, vinegar generators, filters,
eto. Fully guaranteed. Write forCotllog,
HYD AULIC PRESS

MFG. CO.
1 3 1 Lincoln Ava.

 
 
    

 

 
 
   
 
 
 
      
 
 
    

Mt. Gilead, Ohio.

ALFALFA

AMERICAN NORTHERN GROWN
Guaranteed to be 99% pure and free from dodder. Write
for sample on which we invite you to as: Government tests.
We do not handle Turkestan “Dwarf Alfalfa." or cheap
Inferior European seed. We ofler only the very best.
Our seed should produce hay at 360 per acre annually.
Can usual] furnish Kansas. Nebraska, Montana or
Dakota and Grimm Seed at very moderate prices.

CLOVER and GRASS ES

Northern grown and of strongest vitality. We can
furnish grass mixture suitable for any soils.

WING SEED (:0..on 242 Mochonloeburg. 0.

Still. TESTER

 

 

Tells the quantity of Agr. Lime in any of your
fields at less than a cent per test. Accurate.
easy, simple, for anybody.

,BIG MONEY FOR AGENTS to sell on com-
mission basis at Utate Fairs.

STANDARD 80". TESTER 60., Monk”, WIS.

;. ~w. _,_..

 

 


 

;- wary—u

 

AUG.15,1914.

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

Fire Blight of Fruit Trees.

IRE blight is one of the most de-

structive diseases to which po-

maceous fruits are subject. An-
nually it causes the loss of several
million dollars. The pear, apple, plum,
quince, apricot, and loquat are all sub—
ject to its devastation. While the
pear and apple are especially endan-
gered, the disease is not esrious to
the drupe fruits. To the mountain
ash, hawthorn, and June berry it is
still less harmful, yet it was from
these trees, the native hosts of the
disease, that the infection was spread
to our orchards.

From the numerous hosts, and the
fact that the disorder may attack any
part of the tree, the symptoms are
varied. It is for this reason that the
affection is known by many names.
Fire blight is the most approved title
for the disease in general. When found
on the pear, and often on the apple, it
is known as pear blight. Terms which
attempt to indicate the nature of the
infection are common “blossom
blight,” “body blight,” “twig blight,”

“collar rot,” and “root blight” are
much used and very confusing
names. Even the term “fire blight” is

objectionable, for the symptoms which
resemble the scorched-appearance pro-
duced by flames are by no means al-
ways present. The term “bacterial
pome blight” has been suggested, and
were it to come into common use
much error would perhaps be averted.
The disease is due to bacteria.

The Symptoms of the Disease.

The symptoms of the disease are
most evident during the early part of
the growing season, when they appear
in the blackened flower clusters and

the withered foliage at the ends of

it appears in the form of dead wood
and cankered areas. This is the “body
blight” or “canker blight” stage. Here
the bacteria live over the winter. In
truly dead wood they die in a few
days, but at the margin of the diseas-
ed area there is suflicient food upon
which to live until warm weather.

With the ascent of sap in the spring
and the return of favorable conditions
the organisms multiply with great ra-
pidity. So vast does their number he-
come, that mixed with the sap they
form a sticky substance which exudes
from lenticles and wounds in the
bark, and collecting in a sweet, gum-
my mass, attracts insects. As these
fly through the orchard from flower
to flower, the busy little creatures
who have fed upon the germ-laden
material, carry bacteria upon their
feet and bodies, and drop them into
the nectar of the blossoms. Here a
single germ may in a few hours’ time
produce thousands like himself. The
disease is then carried by other in-
sects from the sick flower to other
blooms. The blossoms wilt, blacken.
and die, and the disease is said to be
in the “blossom blight” stage.

Twig Blight.

Having destroyed the flowers the
bacteria seek new fields of conquest.
They invade the succulent young twig
growth, where the soft, sappy mate-
rial furnishes an ideal medium for
rapid multiplication. The bark, too,
which was once so efficient in keep.
ing the enemy out, gives perfect pro-
tection to the invaders when they are
once inside. Thus harbored, they
work back through the growing layer,
and spread their destruction further

'and further along the branch. In some

 

 

 

 

 

.-.<.‘

 

 

Characteristic Appearance of Fire Blight or Twig Blight on Apple Tree.

the twigs. It is the brown, dead leaves
clinging to the dying branches which
give the orchard the scorched appear-
ance from which the name fire blight
is derived. At other seasons the dis.
order .is observed by looking more
closely at the trunk and limbs, Where

months it may have reached the trunk
or larger branches, where, with the
approach of winter, it rests in these
newly formed stages of the “body” or
“canker blight.” The disease has com-
pleted its annual cycle of devastation.
It has attacked a single smalltwig,

 

or destroyed the entire tree, just as
conditions have checked or favored its
growth.

Like fungi, bacteria grow best in
abundant moisture and warmth. Over
weather conditions we have little con-
trol. However; by avoiding soft wa-
tery growth in the trees, and having
the wood ripened and mature, we
make conditions unfavorable to bacte-
rial growth. A strong, healthy, well-
fed tree is resistant to disease. The
varieties, too, vary In their suscepti-

 

 

 

 

.——-—___—__—

Canker Stage of Fire Blight on Apple ‘

Tree.

bility. Bartlet, Seckel, and Le Conte
are much more susceptible than Kief—
fer, Dutchess, or Winter Nelis pears.
In the apple the difference is less
marked. Lowell, Isham, Smith’s Cid-
er, and Yellow Transparent are all
said to be susceptible, while Celestia,
Buckingham, Mammoth Black Twig,
Winter Pear-main, Winesap, and Ben
Davis are relatively resistant.

The Method of Control.

The true control of fire blight does
not consist in merely making condi-
tions unfavorable to its growth. As
with the weeds, we must remove the
source of infection. Nor is this a pure-
ly theoretical treatment. In many 10-
calities the blight has been controlled
or practically eradicated by thorough-
ly pruning out the diseased wood dur-
ing the fall and Winter. If there be no
blight wintered over, there can be no
source of infection the following
spring.

In removing the affected parts it is
necessary to cut back at least two
inches into the healthy wood. The
wounds are then disinfected with a
one to 1,000 solution of bichloride of
mercury. This is easily done by dis-
solving one ounce of the poison in
seven gallons of water, and applying
the mixture with a sponge tied to the
neck of a convenient bottle. The
liquid should also be used to keep the
tools sterilized. Large wounds are
painted with white lead and oil, or
asphaltum, or covered with grafting
wax. The precaution of burning the
wood removed is unnecessary, for the
bacteria live but a few days in dead
wood.

Constant care throughout'the grow-
ing season gives very efficient con-
trol. The removal of a small twig at
this time may save a limb. In an or-
chard of any size the trees may be
gone over once a week at a cost of
three Cents per tree for the entire
season. All twigs or blossoms show-
ing any signs of infection are remov-
ed at once. No attempt is made to
preserve the shape of the tree. Fear
of mutilating a tree may result in its
death. Nor is the slightest delay per-
missible. When the trouble appears
fight it at once. This is the remedy;
cut; out deeply and cut now.

Penn. ,R. P. MARSHALL.

. ROOFING ”0‘

.. ..___....- m-
9.3.”:-
W "

The General
says:-

The roof goes on last—but think
of it first. It’s the final protec-
tion for buildings. This label
stands for 15 years of guaranteed
service at lease-when you buy

Certain-teed

ROOFING

-—and it means that the 3 biggest
roofing mills in the world are be-
hind the reliability of your pur-
chase. There is no test by which
you can judge roofing. The Certain- -£¢cd
label is your protection.

Your dealer can furnish Certain'tced
Roofing in rolls and shingles—made by
the General Roofl 111: M1. ., world’s
largest roofing manufacturers. East St.
Louis, 111., Marseilles, Ill. York, Pa.

 

 

 

Best on Earth
Prices Right
Prompt Service

 

 

l
l

 

 

Csdillac.M1thi§an

- Cummer Mlg.

 

 

WINTER SEED WHEAT

KHARKOV YIELDS 50 T0 70 BU PER ACRE

Yield guaranteed. Write for catalog and circular, de-
scribing the most wonderful variety ever introduced in
the U S. ,‘BERRY S IMPROVED KHA RKOV. Just im-
ported direct from Russia. Has no equal. Largest yiel_der
known and withstands the severest winters. Have im-
proved Turkey Red, other varieties and Mammoth White
Rye Large stock Alfalfa. Timothy and all Grass Seed.
Write for circular, free samples. special low prices.
A. A. Berry Seed Co., Box 1: :1 Clarinda. Iowa

CIDER MAKING

Can be made profitableA If the right kind of ma-

(hinery is used WE AKE TH HE RIGHT KIND.
Send for catalogue. Established 1812
BOOMER C1 BOSCHERT PRESS CO.
472 West Water Street, Syracuse. N. Y.

LIME

Pulverized n1vvagnesiau lime rock for ' sour” soils.
Write forL BW11111mcr Prites direct. to you from
upkegon and Benton II arbor, Michigan.

LAKE SHORE STONE CO. .. Milwaukee. Wis.

 

 

 

 

 

LILLIE'S SPECIAL BRANDS

BUF F ALO FERTILIZER

Made from best material Always reliable.
Lime, Potash, Acid Phosphate, Nitrate of Soda.
Agents wanted in unoccupied territory Ship di-
rert to farmers in 11.1rlots Fertilizer questions
1'111snered and [arm soil surveys made on request.

Colon C. Lillie, Sales 1191.. Coopersville. Mich.

 

 

 

BURN HARVES TER

That beats them all. One horse cuts two rows. Carries
to the shmk Worked by 1 2or3 men. No danger.
No twine F roe trial. We also make Stump Pullers
and Tile Ditchere. Catalog Free. Agents Wanted.

(1‘1. BENNETT & 00.. Westervllle. Ohio.

SEED WHEAT.

GOEING WHI‘ AT—A bearded variety of red
wheat. Splendid \ields, very hard dy, stiff straw
never lodges. ’Ihe best wheat I ever grew. Sand
for sample and pri<es.

COLON C. LILI IE. Coopersvllle. Michigan

PURE FIELD SEEDS

Seed Whoat— [ted Wave. Poole and Winter King:
Clover Timothy Alsike. Alfalfa and all kindsof Pure
Field Seeds direct from producer to consumer; free
from noxious weeds. Ask for samples. BIG TYPE
Paland Ohinas, March and April Ike at reasonable
prices HOYT & 00.. STORIA. OHIO.

—You should get the highest grade
of limestone manufactured. Buy
it upon the basis 'of analysis. We
manufdacture the highest Made. pul-

verl zed limestone sold in lch 1gan.
Let us prove it. Ask for sample and analysis.
CAMPBELL STONE CO. .. Indian Rlvor. Mich.

Potato Crates.

 

 

 

 

Price. of 25 ' 1000
Nailed” 3.1.50 $1250 5120
Flat. 2.00 111.00 100

F. 0. B. cars bere.Te1-ms, cash.

M. H. HUNT 8: SON Lansing, Mich.
FRUIT GROWERSTfldfu‘fi:

hip to E. L. RICHMOND (30.. Dept. A. Detroit.

 

unwary-.1- m.fiv*1.‘l


  

1247-8

The Michigan Farmer

Established 1843. Copywright 1914.

The Lawrence Publishing Co.
Editors and Proprietors.

39 to 45 Congress St. West. Detroit .Mlehicau

TELEPHONE MAIN 4525. ‘

NEW YORK OFFIC 8—41 Park Row.

CHICAGO OFFC E—604 Advertising Building.

CLEVELAND OFFICE—10114015 Oregon Ave.. N. E.

PHILADELPHIA OFFICE~214~218 Twelfth St.

 

 

M. ]. LAWRENCE ..................................... President
M. L. LAWRENCE................................Vice—President
E. H. HOUGHTON .................................... Sec_-']‘reag.
I. R. WATERBURY...............................u

BURT WERMU'I‘H............................. ..... Assoicatc
F. A. WILKEN................................ Editors
AL’I‘A LAWSON LITFELLH......................

 

E. H. HOUGHTON .......................... Business Manager
TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:

One year. 52 issues---mm - --.---.50 cents
Two years, 104 issues........................ . .............$1,00
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Five years 260 issues ............................................ 2.00

All sent postpaid.
Canadian subscriptions 50c a year extra for postage.
Always send money by draft. postoffice money order,
registered letter or by express. We will not be responsible
for money sent in letters. Address all communications to.
and make all drafts checks and postoffice orders payable to.
The Lawrence Publishing Co.

We never. unless through error. send The Michigan
Farmer beyond the date subscribed to—our subscription price
being always due in advance. and sample copies always free.
No bills will ever be sent should a subscription through
error be continued after expiration,

RATES OF ADVERTISING:
40cents per line agate type measurement. or $5.60 per
inch (14 agate lines per inch) per insertion. No adv‘t In-
serted for less than $1.20 each insertion. No objection-
able advertisements inserted at any price.
Entered as second class matter at the Detroit. Michigan.
postoflice.

DETROIT, AUG. 15, 1914.

A FEW LEADING ARTICLES OF
THE WEEK.

 

 

Farming Not Necessarily a Gam-
ble—An argument for that effi-
ciency in planning and executing
farm work which will bring prof-
itable results, even under unfav-
Orable conditions . ............. 118

A Rodent Proof Granary.—Describ-
ing a simple and inexpensive
method of excluding rats and
mice from the granary ......... 118

The Use of Alum in Food Products.
—A scientific discussion of com-
mon household uses of this pro-
duct ........... ......119

Horse Troubles. ,A practical con-
sideration of two common caus-
es of loss to horse owners ...... 120

The Dairy Type.—A review of the
evidence relating to‘the judg-
ing of dairy cattle by physical
conformation .................. 121

Fire Blight of Fruit Trees.—-Up-to-
date information regarding this
orchard trouble which is unusu-
ally common this year .......... 123

Why?—A pertinent question for
the individual who is so busy in
accumulating wealth as to have
no time for enjoyment or self-
improvement ................... 129

Markets Demand Better Packing of
Fruit—Some of the considera-
tions which it would profit the
fruit grower to study ............ 132

 

CURRENT COM MENT.

 

Since the sudden out-

The War and break of war in Eu-
Commerce. rope many and di-

verse opinions have

been expressed by business men and
economists regarding the probable ef-
fect of the conflict upon business con-
ditions in this country. That general
business will be affected to some ex-
tent is a patent fact upon which all
agree, but in what manner and to
what extent only time will reveal, all
opinions on this point being specula-
tive, since there is no precedent by
which the situation can be accurately
judged. Already the effect in some
lines of business is becoming appar-
ent, as reflected in the market for
drugs and certain raw materials which
are imported for use in domestic man-
ufactures. Just how great this last
mentioned handicap will prove is one
of the factors of the present situation
which we must wait for time to dem-
onstrate. Gradually we will find,
should the European war he of long
duration, that Europe produces many
things, ordinarily considered of minor
importance in our commerce, yet quite
essential in our domestic industries,

 

 

THE‘ MICHIGAN- FARMER=

without which we will have to get
along, Only as these things are one
by one discovered to the public will
we learn to what extent our domestic
industries will be adversely affected
by the practical suspension of our
commerce with Europe. It seems a.
safe conclusion, however, that unless
unforseen complications arise, the Eu-
ropean trouble will not have any im-
mediate or general adverse effect up-
on American business. Indeed, it may
tend to open up new fields of com-
merce to us which will be increasing.
1y profitable in the future, notably,
with South America.

But our readers will be more vitally
interested in the probable effect of the
war upon the price of agricultural sta-
ples in our markets during the pres-
ent year. Here again it will be found
that those who should be the best
judges of the situation are “many
men of many minds,” but with a pre-
ponderance of opinion favoring an
upward trend of prices for staple pro-
ducts of our farms. The rise in wheat
since the outbreak of the war evi-
dences this consensus of opinion,
while the fluctuating market has evi-
denced the uncertainty of the situa-
tion and the varying opinions of big
operators regarding the probable out-
come. Thus, while any analysis of
the situation is necessarily speculative
to some extent, there would seem to
be little cause for pessimism among
American farmers, and a calm survey
of conditions should therefore be prof-
itable.

Since the wheat market is one in
which most American farmers have
the greatest interest at the present
time, a brief review of the factors en-
tering into our foreign trade in this
staple should prove of interest. Un-
der ordinary conditions three of the
European countries now engaged in
war import something like 330,000,000
bushels of wheat. Of this amount
England takes about 200,000,000 bush.
els, France 70,000,000 bushels and
Germany 60,000,000 bushels. At this
season of the year, when our harvest
is on and the wheat crop of the south-
ern hemisphere has been largely mar-
keted, the bulk of the current Eu-
ropean supply comes from the United
States and Canada. In southern Eu-
rope a comparatively poor wheat crop
has been harvested, while in north-
ern Europe the crop has not yet
been secured, and the withdrawal of
a large proportion 0f the able bodied
men for military service must mate-
rially affect the quantity and quality
of the grain secured. With the avail-
able supply of wheat at a low point
in Europe, a natural condition at the
approach of their harvest, it is cer-
tain that our surplus will be needed
and needed badly. It is one of the
strange manifestations of fate that in
the time of their need and of our
plenty, the usual avenues of trade
should be practically closed by a gen-
eral state of war. How long this prac-
tical embargo will remain effective is
naturally a matter of speculation rath-
er than knowledge, but the need of
bread will naturally tend to overbal-
ance the hazards of getting the wheat
from which to make it. Also Europe
will need our Wheat as badly after the
war is over as during its progress,
which will be a sustaining factor in
the market for a staple product like
wheat. ,

When the proposition is viewed
from every angle, it would seem- to be
the part of wisdom for Michigan farm.
ers to market their wheat and other
grains even more conservatively than
they would have done under normal
conditions. This position is the more
tenable from the fact that prices for
live stock of all kinds are certain to
be stimulated as a result of the Eu-
ropean war, should it be of long dura-
tion, and it is entirely conceivable
that, even at present prices, some of
our immense wheat crop might be
profitably used as feed for cattle and
hogs in case the export demand is
kept in check by the difficulties of

shipment to foreign countries under
present conditions.

It should also be remembered that
but a fortnight has elapsed since the
trouble in Europe assumed serious
proportions and that the news from
the seat of trouble has been most

fragmentary. So, while the war must-

of necessity continue to hold public
attention and interest we should not
permit it to greatly influence our bus-
iness judgment until we gain more
certain knowledge of its probable in-
fluence upon our commerce.

MICHIGAN CROP REPORT.

Wheat—The average estimated
yield per acre in the state is 18.67, in
the southern counties 18.58, in the
central counties 20.33, in the northern
counties 16.66 and in the upper penin-
sula 24.42 bushels. A large percent-
age of crop correspondents through-
out the state report wheat of good
quality, some counties in the south~
western portion of the state report
considerable damage by the Hessian
fly. The estimates at present indi-
cate that the state yield will be very
close to 13,500,000 bushels. The per
cent of plowing done for wheat is 11
in the state, 10 in the southern coun-
ties, 15 in the central counties, 12 in
the northern counties and nine in the
upper peninsula.

The total number of bushels of
wheat marketed by farmers in July at
66 mills is 76,701 and at 67 elevators
and to grain dealers 125,573, or a to-
tal of 202,274 bushels. The estimate
of wheat marketed by farmers for the
12 months, August-July, indicates that
about 2,000,000 bushels are yet in pos-
session of the growers. One hundred
and thirty-three mills, elevators and
grain dealers report no wheat market-
ed in July.

Rye.—The average estimated yield
in the state is 15.33, in the southern
counties 15.17, in the central counties
15.43, in the northern counties 14.77
and in the upper peninsula 23.36 bush-
els per acre. According to the above
estimate the state yield should be
about 5,750,000 bushels.

Corn—The condition of corn as
compared with an average is 89 in the
state, 87 in the southern counties, 93
in the central counties, 91 in the
northern counties and 96 in the upper
peninsula. The condition one year
ago was 87 in the state, 83 in the
southern counties, 92 in the central
counties, 90 in the northern counties
and 89 in the upper peninsula.

Oats—The estimated average yield
in the state 35.06, in the southern
counties 34.26, in the central counties
34.35, in the northern counties 35.88
and in the upper peninsula 43 bushels
per acre. The above estimate indi-
cates that the state yield will exceed
55,000,000 bushels.

Potatoes—The condition as com-
pared with an average is 88 in the
state, 84 in the southern counties, 91
in the central and northern counties
and 100 in the upper peninsula. The
condition one year ago was 80 in the
state, 71 in the southern counties, 86
in the central counties, 90 in the
northern counties and 95 in the upper
peninsula.

Beans—The condition of beans
compared with an average per cent is
88 in the state and southern counties,
89 in the central and northern coun-
ties and 95 in the upper peninsula.
The condition one year ago was 87 in
the state, 81 in the southern counties,
94 in the central counties, 90 in the
northern counties and 96 in the upper
peninsula.

Sugar Beets—The condition of sug-
ar beets as compared with an average
is 88 in the state, 93 in the southern
counties, 82 in the central and north-
ern counties, and 100 in the upper pe‘
ninsula. The condition one year ago
was 89 in the state, 87 in the south-
ern and northern counties, 90 in the
central counties and 97 in the upper
peninsula.

Hay and Forage—The yield per
acre of hay and forage in tons is 1.28
in the state, 126 in the southern coun-
ties, 1.36 in the central counties, 1.22
in the northern counties and 1.29 in
the upper peninsul‘. '

Pasture—The condition of pasture
as compared with an average is 85 in
the state, 79 in the southern counties,
93 in the central counties,'88 in the
northern counties and 100 in the up-
per peninsula. One year ago the con-
dition was 73 in the state, 64 in the
southern counties, 77 in the central
counties, 84 in the northern counties
and 98 in the upper peninsula.

Apples—As a result of more thor-
ough spraying than in former years,
and a fairly favorable season, the ap.
pie crop promises to be considerably

 

above the average, both in quantity

and quality. The prospect for an av-
erage crop is 71 in the state, 63 in
the southern'counties, 73 i g the cen-‘
tral counties, 80 in the nort ern coun-
ties and 88 in the upper peninsula.

/

i AUG. 15, 1914.

.

One year-ago the average was 58 in
the state, 47 in the southern counties,
61 in the central counties, 59 in the
northern counties and 91 in the upper
peninsula. The state average for five
years, from 1909 to 1913 inclusive,
was 48. The winter varieties that
promise best, are in their order: Bald-
win, Northern Spy, Ben Davis, Green~
ing, Wagener, Tolman Sweet, Tomp-
kins King and Russet. Of the early
sorts the most promising are Duchess,
Wealthy, Fameuse, Red Astrachan,
Yellow Transparent, Maiden Blush,
Early Harvest and Fall Pippin.

Peaches—In many localities the
peach buds started during the warm
weather in January and were severe-
ly injured by frost in February, March
and April and again by a late frost in
June. The prospect for an average
crop of peaches in the state is 34 and
in the Michigan Fruit Belt 42 per
cent. One year ago the prospect was
53 for the state and 54 for the fruit
belt. The state and Michigan Fruit
Belt average for five years, from 1909
to 1913 inclusive, was 51 and 54 re-
spectively. The varieties that prom~
ise best, are in their order: Elberta,
Gold Drop, New Prolific, Kalamazoo,
Engle’s Mammoth, Early Michigan,
Barnard and Hill’s Chili.

HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.

 

Foreign.

The European Wan—Austria, Ser-V

via, Russia, .Germany, Frange, Bel-
gium and England are now at war.
The Germans have captured the city
of Liege, Belgium, but the forts con-
tinue to hold out against repeated at-
tacks. A large force of French and
22,000 British trOops are reported to
have joined the Belgians against the
Germans. French troops have invaded
Alsace-Loraine, captured Mulhausen
and Kolmar and are now marching to-
ward Strassburg. England is trans-
porting large commands of troops to
Belgium. Germany appears to be con-
centrating a large army to repulse the
French in Alsace-Loraine. It appears
that the Austrians are also moving
troops to help the Germans against
the French. The Austrians are also
gathering a fleet in the Adriatic Sea.
It is reported that the Germans have
captured Warsaw, the capital of Rus-
.sian Poland. The Servians are to re-
ceive assistance from Montenegrins.
Cholera is said to have broken out in
the Servian and Austrian armies.
Italy has again voted to remain neu-
tral in spite of the pressure brought
by Germany to enlist the Italians in
the general struggle. Two Japanese
squadrons have left their base of sup-
plies under sealed orders. It is be-
lieved they will m0ve near the Ger-
man fortified base, Tsing Tau, in the
province of Kiao-Chau, China, to as-
sist the English in case aid is want-
ed. No important naval battles have
yet been fought. German warships are
said to have reduced the fort of Li-
ba‘u, Russia, on the Baltic Sea, many
small craft have been destroyed at
different points, and an engagement
off the Algerian coast resulted in the
capture of two German war boats
and the sinking of another. Portugal
announces that she will support Eng-
land in the present trouble. Belgium
has notified wheat shippers of this
country that she will stand the risks
of war on all shipments of wheat from
the United States to Belgian ports.
National.

The whole nation has been thrown
into mourning through the death of
Mrs. Wilson, wife of President Wil-
son, on August 7, at the White House.
Exacting social duties and a fall last
spring were indirect causes of her
gradual decline and death. The funer-
al services were held in the historic
East Room of the White House on
Monday afternoon and members of
the family, the cabinet, Senate and
House, and a few intimate friends
were present. The remains were to
be taken to Rome, Ga., the girlhood
home of Mrs. Wilson, where the final
burial rites will be held Tuesday af-
ternoon. The House and the Senate
adjourned Monday, the day of the
funeral. Mrs. Wilson, since coming to
Washington, has done much to clean
up the slums and to render aid to the
unfortunate of the city. In spite of
the general war in Europe condol-
ences were received by the President
from nearly every country, including
those in armed conflict.

Although Congress will probably
complete its regular program of busi-
ness by the first of September, the
leaders are wondering as to the ad-
visability of adjourning because of
the war in Europe. Although emer-~
gency measures have already been
taken to protect our financial inter-
ests, aid Americans abroad, and to
secure our neutrality, the situation is
such that new problems are apt to
arise suddenly and the action of Con-
gress may be needed uickly. Hence
the quandary the mem ers feel them-
selves in, especially those who are
again candida es for re-election. The
antitrust bi s are being rushed
through as rapidly as possible.

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LITERATURE
POETRY
HISTORY ane
INFORMATION

 

 

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T Magazine Section‘ ‘
* ' We

‘Ibe FARM BOY
an? GIRIc
SCIENTIFIC an?
MECHANICAL

 

 

 

This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper every week. Every article is wrlttten especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere

Alligator Farming Unlikely to Become Popular

By LELA ANGIER LENFEST.

N this day of specialized farming

we may find a farm devoted to

raising almost anything in the veg-
stable or animal world. In the south-
ern states alligator farming has be-
come quite an industry. The demand
for alligator skinsis increasing and
the supply, which was once so plenti-
ful around the Gulf of Mexico, is rap-
idly disappearing. Like the bison and
the elk, the alligator is becoming ex-
tinct. Louisiana has aroused to the
situation and has made game laws,
which are not rigidly enforced, so the
destruction goes on. ‘

Los Angeles has the distinction or
having the largest alligator farm in
the United States. In a space, not
over an acre in extent, are found two
thousand saurians, in all stages of de-
velopment, from the incubating egg to
a huge creature fifteen feet long, and
Weighing nine hundred pounds. This
grotesque reptile called Okeechobee,
was recently acquired from the Ever—
glades of Florida. He lies, a huge,
unwieldy hulk, in a pond of his own
quite apart from the wriggling herds
of young alligators. The most vicious
whacks only cause him to yawn sleep-
ily. If the young ’gators were placed
in his pond, he might manifest life
enough to eat them up, for, like fish,
the “big alligators eat up the little
alligators.” For this reason all of the
same age are placed in ponds togeth-
er. To those of their own age they
do not show this cannabilistic dispo-
sition unless, by chance, they fall to
fighting, then the victor devours tne
vanquished and all is harmony again.

If the care-taker appears on the
scene before this denouement is reach-
ed, and the vanquished is only maimed
by having a tail or claw torn off, he
is removed to the ’gator hospital, a
muddy pond where the patient lies
quietly and the wound soon heals.
The soft mud is like ointment to the
alligator flesh. One of the patients in
the hospital had a broken lower jaw.
It seems cruel to keep a reptile in
such a pitiful condition. .It is said
that in the wild, they are freuently
maimed in this manner; and loss ofa
tail is quite a frequent occurrence.
Those that have lost this important
appendage are called “stubtails” and
probably suffer the same contumely

 

among their mates as the well-known
fox.

The tail is very important as a
weapon. In the wild state the alligat-
or lies sleepily on the bank of stream
or pond until some luckless animal
comes down to the water to drink,
then with a flip of its tail, it sweeps
the victim into its wide open jaws.

The snap of an alligator’s jaw is a
never to be forgotten sound. It may
be properly described in that much
overworked phrase, a “dull thud.” It
makes one glad to be standing safely
outside the wire fence. The bite is
not poisonous, but one would prob-
ably wish it were, if he were so un-
fortunate as to fall into it’s vise-like
grip. The fast closed jaw of an alli-
gator cannot be pried open with a
crow bar. It has no tongue and its
manner of eating beef, which is its
principal food in captivity, is especial-
ly interesting. If a chunk of meat is
thrown into an enclosure of young a1-
ligators, there is a wonderful commo-
tion. Instantly twenty jaws have
fastened on the meat and the most
curious tug-of-war begins. Instead of
pulling and hauling, over and over
the bodies of the reptiles spin in op-
posite directions, meanwhile holding
to the piece of meat with fast clamped
teeth. This rapid revolution soon
tears off the desired morsel and the
reptile runs off to the pond to eat in
quiet.

He does not Fletcherize, but bolts
it whole. The teeth are not adapted
to mastication, as they overlap. They
are made for grasping and tearing.
On account of their habits of bolting
and gorging, alligators have to be fed
carefully. The babies are fed about
every day and their diet consists of
bits of meat, insects and worms.
Many people, who attempt to keep
young alligators as pets, make the
mistake of feeding them on vegeta-
bles. They are very fond of ordinary
earth worms. The older they grow
the less frequent are the times of
feeding. Reptiles from three to five
years old are fed three times a week.
Those twenty-five and thirty years old
are fed once a week: and a veteran
of Okeechobee’s years receives food

 

 

 

once in three weeks. In captivity they
are fed entirely upon raw beef; but in
their native element they feed upon
fish and fowl and occasionally upon
men and dogs.

The alligator’s greatest protection
from its enemies is its hard and horny
skin, impervious to bullets. The only
points where a shot can pierce its
coat of mail, are at the insertion of
the front legs and the eyes. The skin
is one of the main sources of profit
for the alligator farmer.

The use of the alligator skin, as
leather, is of comparatively recent
date. It first became fashionable in
1855, and during the Civil War was
extensively used as shoes for the sol-
diers. In 1869, it came into fashion
for bags, belts, music rolls, coin purs—
es and card cases, and from that time
its use has increased steadily. In
1904 the output of the tanneries in the
United States was 280,000 skins worth
about $420,000. It is said, however,
that only about ten per cent of the
supply of skins is used in this coun-
try. The remainder are shipped to
Europe, where they are made into
various articles, which are frequently
shipped back again to this country.

The skin of the alligator is useless
until the reptile is three or four years
old. At this age, it makes coin purses,
gem cases, hat pin settings, and other
small articles. At this age the skin
is very soft and pliable, but the very
best skin comes from saurians twenty-
five and thirty years old. The hides
are from four to eight feet long and
are soft and pliable, yet firm. They
bring from fifty cents to three dollars
apiece, according to the quality. From
them are made ladies’ bags, suit—cas-
es, traveling cases, music rolls, chair
covers, and anything which needs a
leather combining firmness and pli-
ability.

From skins of reptiles sixty years
and over, trunks and chair coverings
are made. But the skin at this age
is too hard and stiff to be made into
smaller articles. The turbercles on
the back have become hard and horny.
When alligator skins were first used,
they were split up the back and only
the leather of the lower part was

 

 

‘USed, but since “horn alligator” has-

become fashionable, the hides are cut
up the middle of the abdomen, and
the leather of the back is considered
the best. No part of this useful rep-
tile is wasted, the flesh is used for

feeding the other alligators, and even ,

the teeth and claws are used in the
manufacture of bags, hat pin settings
and various ornamental purposes.

The tannage of the hides is a slow
process, lasting some five or six
weeks. Upon removal from the tan-
ning liquor, they are colored in a bath
of wood and analine dyes. Many are
left in the natural color, a yellowish
brown, but many are dyed, black,
brown, green, or red.

Imitation leather is prepared in
large quantities from sheepskin and
the buffing from cows’ hide. These
are tanned in the regular manner and
before the skins are finished off, they
are embossed with the characteristic
alligator markings by passing them
between two rollers.

While the alligator farmer is wait-
ing for his brood to raise profitable
hides, he makes money by training
them to do tricks. The alligator intel-
ligence is not of a very high order,
and the things which it can be trained
to do are rather limited. In its na-
tive state it will form the habit of
coming at regular times for its food.
The planters in Louisiana often
amuse themselves by calling up pet
alligators along their canals and di-
viding their lunches with them. The
expectant noses will be seen above
the water in response to a call and
the creatures eagerly devour the bits
of cake and bread thrown to them. In
that country the school children carry
baby alligators to teacher the same as
our children carry polywogs, and in
the Same manner they are kept in
tanks and jars, in the schoolroom,
giving the children much enjoyment
watching their pretty lively antics.

The age at which they best perform
tricks is about twenty-five or thirty
years. Beyond this age they become
too sluggish and also too unwieldy to
be handled easily by the trainers.
Some idea of the strength of the rep-
tiles may be gained by watching a
trainer struggle with a creature of
that size. (Continued on page 132).

 

lt Requires Many Years Before the Alligators Hatched in incubators have Because Large Alligators Devour the Little Ones, those of a Size are Kept
‘Hides Fit to be Made into Traveling Bags.

Together in a Small Pond.

 

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The Greatest BEE! Ci

E have always given more car
for less money than any other
motor car manufacturer in the

world.

We have always given a superior car,
a more powerful car, a more practical car
and the most economical car.

That is why more Overlands have been
bought than any other similar type of car
ever produced.

Now, with pride, we announce our
latest car—Model 80—the greatest value
this factory has ever placed on the market.

We wish particularly to call your atten-
tion to the fact that while this 1915 model
has innumerable improvements, enlarge-
ments and refinements, the price has not been
advanced.

This season we shall build 75,000 cars!
This enormous increase in production again
places us in the enviable and supreme
position of being able to give still more
value for still less money than any other
manufacturer.

Following are the facts! Read each
paragraph carefully!

Model 80 has a brand-new stream-line
body. Its full sweeping stream-lines blend
and harmonize perfectly with the balance

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Two passenger Roadster 31050

   

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of the symmetrical design. All visible
lines are absolutely clean, unbroken and
uninterrupted.

The new crowned moulded fenders,
new rounded radiator, new hood slightly
sloped, and flush U doors with disappearing
hinges, contributing the additional touches
of exterior grace and modishness which
distinguish costly imported cars.

The new tonneau is much larger—both
in width and in depth.

The new cushioned upholstery is also
considerably deeper and softer. .

This model is equipped with the finest
electric starting and electric lighting system.
All switches, in a compact switch box, are
conveniently located on the steering. col-
umn. Thus in the driving position, with-
out stretching forward or bending down,
you start the car, drive the car and control
the electric horn and all head, side, tail,
and dash lights.

This car has left-hand drive and center
control. _

_ The tires are larger this
34 inch by 4 inch all around.

car, being
hese tires

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A Few of t);
Model 80 Fe.

Motor 35 h. p.
New full stream-line bot
Instrument board in com
Individual front seats, hi
601“?“ lo er and mail

p o stery, eeper an
Windshield, rain vision
tape, built-in

rowned fenders
Electric starter
Electric lights
High-tension ignition
Thermo-syphon coo '
F ive-bearing cranksh t
Rear axle, floa ' e
Spring rear, 3-4 'ptic,
underslung m
Wheel base, 1 l4 incite
Larger tires, 347' 1:4"
Demountable rimwone .
Left-hand drive _
Beautiful new Brewster
finish -
Complete equipment.

 

. The ' Willys-Overland fin

   

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This is the car selected by tlae
Rice Leader: of flu World Asu-
clafiou a: prise: for tlu leaflet
salesmen of the world.

1(('
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.13 Value Ever Offered

 

 

 

r of the 1915
'80 Features

m-line body

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1t seats, high backs

er and wider

-eper and softer

'ain vision, ventilating

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can be quickly detached from the rims
which are demountable. One extra rim
furnished.

Ignition 1s high tension magneto, inde-
pendent of starting and lighting system. It
requires no dry cells

Fundamentally the chassis remains as
before. The front axle 18 larger; the wheels
are larger; the frame 13 heavier and stouter;
gears are made of 3 / % nickel steel; there
are integral grease cups in spring bolts; and
other mechanical refinements which are
described 1n detail in our new catalogue.

.But otherwise 1n no possible way could

' we improve the splendid Overland chassis

that is giving such satisfactory service to
50,000 nineteen fourteen owners.

This new Overland rides with remark-
able smoothness, taking the ruts and rough
spots with the ease of the highest priced
cars.

There 1s the iamOus, powerful, speedy,
snappy, economical and quiet 35 horsepower
Overland motor; and a long wheelbase
of 114 inches.

(ompany, Toledo, Ohio

Gide. Limited, Hamilton, Ont.

 

This car comes complete. Electric
starter, electric lights, built-in windshield,
mohair top and boot, extra rim, jeweled
magnetic speedometer, electric horn, robe
rail, foot rest and curtain box.

This new model is ready for your
inspection in practically every city and town
in the country.

Dealers are now taking orders. Make
arrangements now for your demonstration.\

Send Coupon
For 19 l 5 Catalogue—FREE,

We have just published our new catalog.H
There 13 one for every body—one for. you. This
new book describes and pictures in detail our
model 80—the greatest Overland. Every one
should have a copy of this new, interesting and
instructive book. It is an authority. Send the
coupon for your copy right now. It is free.

 

 

I The Willys-Overland Company, I
| Dep’t. 86, Toledo, Ohio.

I Please send me your 1915 catalogue. i
E Name ..... - ._ I
I AdLress (or R F 1) )_ _~___ -._.--_.....-.._ i
! Town n- __ w... __..._ .....-._ State--...-.-___-«- W... In

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3


Bargain Prices on
STEEL Shingles

1,000,000 Sq. Ft. Priced For
Quick Selling! Freight Paid I

This is the greatest roofing oii'er dyou ever
heard of. A special summer rice ma 9 on the
famous wards Reo Steel ingles that never
rot. rust. burn or wear out. ow you can have
a genuine steel roof at less cost than best- rude
wood shingles. Come in big sheets. Lay 00 or
more at a time with only hammer and nails. No
paintin . no tinsmith needed. Lay over old root
or shoe in if you wish.

Eduard: STEEL Shingles

Ill lowest Factory Prices

Our exclusive Tightcote process
means extra heavy galvnnizin
r the sheet is cut and stumpe .
o raw edges. no chance for rust
or corrosion anywhere. Patent
Interlock gives a tight, close-fitting
overlap; rotects nail-holes; prevents
buckling n wind. 810,000 Guarantee
Bond against lightning. We are world's
largest makers of Steel Shingles. V-
Crimp, Corrugated. Standing Seam.
ate. painted or galvanized. and quote
on amazingly low prices. freight paid.
‘lritetoday; give size of roof it possible.

”OK and Find out how ‘i
FREE SAMPLE toteistgalvan?
lead rooting. We send samp e and di- "PERFECTION"-
rections free. Make your own compari- .
eons. an: for Book No. . “°°”"'

THE EDWARDS MFG. COMPANY
'17-'67 LOOK NI. CINCINNATI. OHIO

    
        
 

"GRIPLOOK'

ROOFING

 

 

 

 

    

Harvest Party

EN everyone is mertyrnaking
amid the hay. or golden grain,
THERMOS adds to the delight of

the occasion because THERMOS keeps
tea. coffee, soup, lemonade or any fluid
icy cold 72 hours or piping hot 24 hours.
In countless ways in the field and Farm—
house. THERMOS is the Farmer's Friend.
Mist heath. Mile. picnic at mum linoleum.

earn Tc: quickly finnedgce Thames
in o mencan arm omen
m near which no dealer cells
At Our Thermos. we will send prepaid.
fisk— apint. full nickel plated, Ther-
—.. mos. Bottle for onl SL50—
Gueranteed Satisfactory or
Money Back. This bottle is regularly sold
In England for $5. It costs on but $I.50. ’
rder now. Price. in anada. $2.00.
AMERICAN THERMOS BOTTLE CO.
orwnch. Conn. Toronto. Canada
lead Ier Fm Therm Picture Cut-est lar Children.

,2

 

DAISY FLY KILLER {3:33 :i'i‘iii'iii

fliel. Neat. clean. or-
namental. convenient.
cheap. Lest! all
season. Made of
metal, can't spill or tip
over; will not soil 0':
injure anythinz.
Guaranteed eficctive.
Sold by Dealers or
0 seat prepaid lot 81..

mom son”. uomnro ‘70.. Brooklyn. 3. Y.
FREE BOOK ON MOTORING

, new or rtacumc Explains how we assist YOU in
,. "’u - “V “‘m' the Auto Business as Repairman.

,, ,,
" «a

  

E’Y “11 Chauffeur. Salesman or Auto Mo

' ‘WORKING MODELS clianician. with DY KE NEW

seam aim-mm. IDEA W 0 R KIN G MODELS.

Good salaries. Our employment plan tells how. Beware of

imitators. Let us tell you the names of some of our students.
Send for {his book (0-day.

Wehh-Dyke Motor School, 4632!), Walnut St.. Phila.. Pa.

 

 

WILI. Y0" TAKE 0IIOEIIS?

Many earn 30 to 360 every week donionstraung‘oui
New Stee Automatic Randi-Tool. A combina
tion Jack. Fence Stretcher, Splicer and Vendor, oil
and Stump Puller, 'l‘irc Tightcner, Cable Maker , Press,
Vise, Hulflt' Wrench ,eto. Saves no at 0 fl 6 tools used
every day by farmers and others. Li he 4 Tons. Sold
on trial. Life Guarantee. Be first. to control this
new ousiuess in your county, Sp ire iflno or permanent work.
Sample loaned. Credit given. Write for factory agency offer.

Chas. E. Bsnsflsl 00.,lnc.259 industrial Bldg..lndlananolls.lnd.

Taylor Fresh 'Butter’ Pan.

By our simple process every home can have its own
unadulterated butter. No churning, no waiting for
cream to ripen. no heavy dairy apparatus to handle.
Adaptable to large or small quantities. Used and
endorsed by leading Itiotels. Circulars and
particulars upon reques . .

SPECIALTY SALES 00.. GOSHEN. INDIANA

AILWAY M AIL—Clerk. Carriers. and Rural Carriers
wanted. I conducted examinations—can help you.
Trial examination free. Ozment, 17. 3.. St. Louis

—'l'wo industrons experienced canvassers to solicit
WIIIICII business direct to the farmer, to assist us in
carrying out a campaign to popularize the products of. this
Co. Experienced cnnvassers will be given preference. Liberal
salary and commission State experience and references

in first letter. ll correspondence treated strictly confidential.
Address ALB! N CHEMICAL WORKS. Albion, Michigan.

 

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

Bird BoXcs in theVOrChard.

By GEORGE E. WALSH.

 

IRD houses around the house are

not nearly so attractive to the

spring and summer birds as
those perched in the trees of the or-
chard. Instead of building a solitary
bird house and perching it on top of
a tall pole make half a dozen little
ones and put them up in the trees of
the orchard or nearby woods.

You will be surprised, then, to find
the big colony of birds that will come-
and build in them. A bird house near
the home offers a tempting bait to the
house'cat, and the birds are very shy
where tabby is left to roam about.
Among the green leaves of a tree,
hoWever, the feathered creatures are
quite at home.

One boy built ten such bird houses
of different sizes and nailed them
among the branches of a big tree.
The tree became a regular nesting
colony that summer. A pair of owls
evidently mistook the entrance to one
fora hole in the tree and crawled in
and made their nest. A pair of squir-
‘rels pre-empted another and raised a
brood of young squirrels in it. A
third was the summer home of a pair
of bluebirds, and a flock of noisy
sparrows fought for two of the

. houses; but a pair of martins drove

them away from one and made it
their home.

All through the summer the bird
tree was a source of great delight to
the boy, for whenever he walked un-
der it many pairs of sharp eyes
watched him from the branches
above. But the birds soon learned to
trust him, and when he began spread-
ing food around under the tree for
them they grew more intimate.

While the nesting birds of the tree
had food enough they had to go a.
lang distance for water. The nearest
place they could find this on a hot day
was at a pond nearly a mile off. The
boy first tried to entice them to the
house by leaving a bucket of water
standing outside. But owing to the
presence of two house cats the birds
preferred to fly away to the pond to
get their drink and bath.

Finally he hit on a novel idea. Why
not make a tree bird basin for them
to bathe in and drink? He got an old
tin basin a foot and a half in diameter
across the mouth and punched four
holes in the rim. Running short
strings through these he tied them in
a knot at one end, and then fastened
a long piece of stout cord to this.

The other end of the cord was
thrown over a branch of the tree by
means of a stone tied to it, and then
the basin filled with water was slowly
hauled up until it dangled within a
few feet of the limb and twenty feet
from the ground. No cat could reach
the basin, but the birds could. Every
day he would lower the basin and fill
it with fresh water and then haul it
up and tie the rope to the foot of the
tree.

The birds used to splash around in
this water on warm days, and scarce-
ly an hour passed that some of the lit-
tle feathered creatures were not
found perched on the rim of the basin.
They would peer over the side at peo-
ple below, but they were not afraid.
They seemed to know that they were
safe from cats, dogs, and had little
boys. Sometimes they would splash
around so violently that they would
spill most of the water, and the basin
had to be refilled frequently. In hot
Weather it must have been a great
relief to them.

But one day the basin fell to the
ground with a splash. An examiner?
tion showed that the cord had either
been worn away by the wind swaying
the basin in the air or somebody had
broken it. A new cord was attached
and the same accident happened the
next day. Suspicious of something,
the boy hid in the bushes and watch-
ed the following morning.

Toward noon the two squirrels that
had a nest' in the tree came down and
stood chattering on the limb. They
looked at the swinging basin of wa-
terpand then one of them made a few
ineffectual attempts to climb down the
cord. The birds splashing around in
the basin set up a cry, and the squir-
rels answered back with their loud
chattering.

But the cord was too small to sup-
port the squirrel and he finally re-
turned to his mate on the limb. Then
as if angry at the birds or chagrined
at not being able to reach the water
they attacked' the cord with their
sharp little teeth. In a few moments
the basin of water fell to the ground
with a crash. The little watcher knew
instantly why it had fallen so many
times before.

This time he got a rope half an inch
thick and attached it to the basin and
hauled it up. He did not think the
squirrels gnawed the cord in half out
of spite, but because they had an idea
they could get at the water if they
made it fall to the ground. The next
day the squirrels visited the basin
again, and the thick rope afforded
them a good foothold. They climbed
down it, sat on the rim of the basin,
drank and had a bath. They played
in the water for some time, and then
hopped back to the limb of the tree.

There was no further attempt to
gnaw the rope in two, but every hot
day the squirrels as well as the birds
came down to refresh themselves with
the water. Squirrels in hot weather
like water as well as birds and peo-
ple, and this basin of clean fresh wa-
ter hauled up to them every day made
their summer more enjoyable.

.—

ALLIGATOR FARMING.

 

(Continued from page 128).

Even the hard-hided and cold-blood-
ed saurian is not unmindful of hon-
eyed words, for the trainer, who prais-
es and uses pet names. has better
success than the one who depends en-
tirely on brute force and the “big
stick." One of the favorite imple-
ments of the showman is the broom
handle. This he sticks into the back
of the alligator’s neck and forces him
to go where he will. The piece de re-
sistance of the reptiles repetoire is
climbing the stairs. When it gets to
the top, the trainer shakes the support
and it slides down the chute into the
pond. Sometimes, however, it be-
comes refractory and does not wait
for the signal, but jumps with a splash
'into the pool: For this procedure it
is soundly thrashed with the before
mentioned broomstick.

Another trick is the so-called hyp-
notization of the reptile. This con-
sists of grasping it by the tail and
around the front of the jaw and plac-
ing it on its back. The trainer waves
his hand dramatically over the gro-
tesque creature and he remains quiet
the fraction of a second, then speedily
recovers and wriggles off. It much
prefers basking lazily in the sunshine.

The showman soberly assures you
that there is no odor from the alli—
gators, and, though the ponds are very
sanitary and clean there is a very
strong musky odor, 00ming from a
fluid secreted in the glands of the
throat. This is said to act as a bait
to attract the fish upon which they
prey in their native state.

Another source of income to the
alligator farmer is the sale of the
young alligators for pets. The grace-
ful lizard-like appearance of the young
and their slow development make
them particularly desirable for pets.
It is a good many years before they
begin to show undesirable qualities.
Baby alligators of three years, eight-
een inches in length, bring from $1.00
to $4.00. An alligator six feet brings
$20.00. The larger ones are sold'at

 

AUG. 15. 1914.

so much per foot, and are in demand.
for museums, ‘aquariams and circuses.

The alligators are raised on the
farm from the eggs, which are hatch-
ed in incubators especially made for‘
the purpose. The eggs are about the
size of ducks eggs and contain no
yolk. They are said to be extremely
nutritious for human food, but they
have a musky flavor and so far are
not a. popular dainty.

The female alligator lays fifty or
sixty eggs during the summer. In the-
wild state, she makes a cone-shaped
nest of mud, where there is decaying
vegetation. The heat of the mud, to--
gether with that of fermentation,
hatches the eggs. The time of incu-1
bation is long, requiring sixty days at
a. temperature of eighty degrees.
When the infant ’gators come out of
the shell they are five or six inches
long. The mother, who has remained
near the nest all the time, leads the
wriggling young things to the water
and then they are left to shift for
themselves. Not more than half the
brood survives, the remainder falling
prey to the male alligators and raven-
ous fish.

At the farm two or three hundred
of the newly hatched little creatures
are put in a pond together where they
form a squirming, writhing- mass. This
is due to a peculiar characteristic of
the alligators, that of never turning
aside to go around any object. When
one alligator meets another in his
promenade, he does not step politely
to the right but promptly climbs over
him. When there are several hun-
dred doing this, there is a funny ag-
glomeration of heads and tails.

The young alligators are as lively
as lizards. The word alligator is a
corruption from the Spanish El. le-
garto, the lizard. As they grow older,
they become more sluggish, often ly-
ing immovable for several days at a
time. In Los Angeles they are not
allowed to hibernate, but are kept ac-
tive for exhibition purposes. This has
no effect upon them except that they
are more sluggish all the year around
than they are in their native state.

The alligators of the southern Uni~
ted States are much more active than
the South American species. The lat-
ter are larger and have a more elon-
gated head. They reach a length of
eighteen feet. The skin is not nearly
so useful for leather. They never at-
tack men or dogs unless their nests
are disturbed and never prey upon
carcasses, but feed entirely upon fish
and water fowl. .

While raising alligators may be a.
profitable industry at present, and
while the demand exceeds the supply,
it could soon be overdone; One writer,
waxing enthusiastic upon the subject,
recommends it as a pursuit open to
women. He says:

“It is an undertaking open to wo-
men as there is very little danger in-
volved in the handling of reptiles.”
While there are so many other lines
open to women, it is not probably that
any woman would take up a business
which involves the care of hundreds
of such hideous and disgusting rep-
tiles as are the full grown alligators.
Alligators could not be profitably rais-
ed in the north as they require a min-
imum temperature of seventy degrees
for their proper development. All
things considered, it is not probable
that this unique kind of farming will
ever become popular.

CATALOG NOTICE.

 

For literature regarding home-made
acteylene gas, “safest light and cook-
ing fuel,” interested readers should
write Union Carbide Sales 00., Dept.
13, Forty-third Street Building, New
York, or People’s Gas Building, Chi-
cago, 111. This literature will furnish
information regarding installation of
acetylene lights and cooking appara-
tus, together with proofs regarding its
safety and reliability. Send for this
literature, and learn the best way to
make acetylene for home use and how
it is used exclusively for cooking as
well as lighting. Mention the Mich-
igan Farmer when writing for this in-
teresting literature.

“.44., w... .9... 5..

 

 

 

 

 


 

«9—... w... ..-,.. j-

 

 

 

 

 

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

 

 

 

 

  
   

W H Y P

HY are we here? Not a per-

son living but has asked him-

self the question in those rare
moments when we forget the things
of the moment and look realities in
the face. And whatever the answer
to ourselves, we feel, most of us, that
in some way we have lost out on the
real reason for our existence.

For instance, does anyone think that
we were put on this earth to devote
all our time to securing the means of
keeping us alive? Was it intended
that all our moments were to be spent
in a continuous effort to secure food,
clothing and shelter, and in sleep
which would prepare us for fresh ef-
forts on the morrow? Who can be-
lieve that the sole meaning of life is
earning a living? And yet are not
the most of us so occupied in just se—
curing a livelihood that we haven’t
time to look around us at much else?
To be sure,ithere are some who are
taken up solely with having a good
time, but these few are supported by
others who do double toil to make up
for the idlers. I do not believe that
“in the beginning” man was meant for
incessant labor, with at best a day off
once in a while for which he must
make up by working twice as hard
the week before the holiday and the
week after. I believe that life should
be so managed that at least half our
time might be spent in getting ac-
quainted with our families and neigh-
bors, and in keeping in touch with
our world brothers by reading, or ev-
en going to see them.

Life is hard and complex because
we have made it so. We are eager for
large farms and imposing houses and
strain every effort to acquire them,
only to find in the end that we have
to work so hard to keep them up that
we have no time to enjoy them. We
load ourselves with possessions, fine
china, mahogany furniture, costly
rugs, all sorts of things we do not ac-
tually need, and the only enjoyment
we ever get out of them is the pride
we feel when we tell folks about
thm. Thewconstant effort of “keeping
things up” enervates us so we are too
tired actually to enjoy our posses-
sions.

Haw much better if we could con-
tent ourselves with a farm just large
enough to give us a comfortable liv-
ing, and a house small enough to
leave no spare rooms. Then, instead
of being tied down at home with un-
ceasing work there would be time to
enjoy the world in which we must
live for our allotted time. To add
acre upon acre so that we may gratify
our pride of possession, or in order to
leave for our descendants, is not only
foolish but downright wicked. Each
couple should aim to do no more'than
provide for daily needs and insure in.
dependence in old age. Any money
which comes to them after that should
be spent in making life easy today, in
hiring help, in travel, in buying books
and helping others. Nothing is truer
than the saying that we brought noth-
ing into the world and can take noth-
ing out. Why not, then, enjoy what
comes to us instead of hoarding it for
others? We are robbing ourselves of
pleasure now and our descendants of
the best legacy we could leave them,
the necessity of legitimate work.

A few weeks ago a foreign poten-
tate was shot. As a result of his
death, Europe is todaypplunged into
war, a war which many thinking men
believe will change the map of Eu-

, 'L
w r

ism, agrees

/ At .. Home and Elsewhere

 

4

 

%

rope and the social situation of the
world. Yet how many of us have
time to read about this war which
will no doubt effect each one of us di-
ricetly or indirectly? Perhaps half of
us read the headlines in the papers,
and the rest only know that war is in
progress because we have heard some-
one speak about it. We are so busy
sweeping, canning fruit, making pick-
les, and jelly, sewing on buttons, or
tangoing or turkey-trotting that we
haven’t time to watch history in the
making. We are leaving the really
important things in life to chase man-
ufactured business.

Why not arrange these complex
lives of ours so that we may have
time to apply ourselves to wisdom?
Can we not get along with fewer gar-
ments, fewer dishes per meal, fewer
articles of furniture and bric—a-brac to

lllllIHIIllllllIHIIIIllllllllllllllllllIllIlllllll|1|Illil|||lH|||HlHl|IHIIllllIIIHIIIHHIIHIIIIHHIHIIIIHHIHHIHHIIIIHHIIHIHlllllHIIHHHH|H|||llllll|IHHI|IIIIIIIHHIIIIHIIIHIIIllllllilllllllllllIIIHIHHHIIIIIHIIlllllllllllllllllll

Hot Weather

A

dust, fewer nerve racking pleasures, I

and go after the real things instead?
We were meant to be men and wo-
men, not machines to grind out so
much work per day. We were meant
to enjoy the earth, the sun, the moon,
the clouds, the birds, flowers, trees,
water, air, everything. Our eyes were
given us to see things, to enjoy color,
our ears to enjoy sounds, our noses
to enjoy odors. And yet, in the hustle
of our daily lives we are like that old-
en people who, having eyes saw not,
ears heard not, and noses smelled
not.

Knowing that the “why” of life is
not hard work, but living, why not be-
gin? Every woman could eliminate a
third of her work if she had the cour-
age to defy the traditions of the neigh-
bors. How many are brave enough to
do it? DEBORAH.

Campaigning.

 

it mildly, that at the very time

of the year when it is the hard-
est to work, the farm women have to
work the hardest? In July and Aug-
ust, when the sun is doing his very
best to make life intolerable and town
folks are vacationing, farm folk are
just forced to keep jumping if they
are to be prepared for the winter.

Is it not the part of wisdom, then,
for the housewife to make her work
as light as possible? If she does as
little as she can, she will still have
plenty to do, so why not eliminate ev-
erything except absolute necessities?

Here is the way one wise woman
out out a great deal of hard labor.
The parlor, which she had, not be-
cause she wanted it, but because the
room was there, she shut up entirely
after spring housecleaning, first swath-
ing everything in cheesecloth to ex-
clude as much dust as possible. It
was at one side of the house so it was
not needed for ventilation. Then,
shocking as it may seem to neat
housewives, she did not put up a sin-
gle lace or muslin curtain in any oth-
er room in the house. Windows must
be open during the summer and this
meant dust blowing in and dirty cur—
tains, which she abhorred, and that
meant washing curtains once or twice
during dog days, which meant more
work. So the clean curtains were
laid away, unstarched, not to be
brought out again until cool days in
the fall.

All bric-a-brac and unused articles
in living-room and bedrooms were
dusted and stowed away in drawers.
The fancy dishes which adorned the
'sideboard were banished, and the
beautifully embroidered cover was re-
placed by a 25 cents one which could
begironed in about three minutes.
Crepe tray cloths on the table replac-
ed those of linen, which spelled iron-
ing, and there were crepe night dress-
es and night shirts for all, and seer—
sucker rompers and blouses provided
for the children. This eliminated two-
thirds of the usual ironing, and by
folding the clothes neatly as each ar-
ticle was taken from the line, she
managed to get out of ironing towels
and sheets as well.

The worst is yet to tell, however.
There wasn’t a bed made in that
house all summer, not really made
with bedding neatly tucked in and
spread arranged without a wrinkle,
and pillows plumped up just so and
covered by shams. Each bed was
provided with two sheets ‘and one
light weight blanket. In the morning

DOESN’T it seem a shame, to put

the blanket and top sheet were
straightened out and the top folded
back to the foot. Then they were
thrown over the footboard, the bot-
tom sheet smoothed out, pillows
thumped up and laid on a chair by
the window to air, and the beds left
open all day long. It took a quarter
of the usual time and the beds were
always cool and well aired at night.
In the kitchen there were sweeping
changes. Believe it or not, there
wasn’t a pie nor a cake nor a fried
cake made on that farm all summer

 

long. No, nor a pudding, either bread
or cornstarch or rice or fruit. There
was fresh fruit of all sorts from the
beginning of strawberries until the
end of grapes, and fresh fruit, una-
dorned by crusts, sufficed that family
for desserts. On gala days there was
ice cream or fruit sherbets, but no
heating of the kitchen by a hot oven

for baking pies or cakes. And the
family were all the better for the
change. Fresh vegetables from the

garden, an occasional chicken, good
bread and butter, and meat once a
week from the wagon which drove by,
kept the table going. There was a
great deal of canned fish used, too,
of various sorts. Salmon, sardines,
anything the grocer could supply was
kept on hand and served either cold,
or combined with cold rice or pota-
toes dipped in beaten eggs, and fried
for fish balls.

Thus, freed of much baking there
was more time for the inevitable can-
ning and jelly-making, the care of the
garden and other outside work which
must be done. When fall came this
particular woman was not all tired
out and cross. She had squeezed in
time each day for a doze in the ham-
mock and had managed to get away
from home entirely a half day each
week. Some of the thrifty neighbors
talked about her, but she reflected
that gossip always hurts the gossiper
more than the one against whom it is
directed, and promptly forgot the un-
kind remarks in thinking up new
ways of getting out of work.

The family were well, the cellar
shelves full, the house clean, and what
else mattered? ‘

HOME QUERIES.

 

Household Editorz—Will you please
send me a baby book ?—~P. H.

We have no “baby book” on sale.
If you will send a self-addressed and
stamped envelope I will send you the
name of a book and the address of a
firm where it may be bought.

\

 

 

   
 

Mrs. Peevish~“I declare, I’m
ashamed to ask you into this
smelly place, Anty Drudge,
but you know how it is on
washday, with boiling clothes
filling the room with steam.
I’m just sick with the odor,
and I’m about ready to give

,9

up.
Anty Drudge—“I think it’s

time you did give up your
old—fashioned notions. No-
body up to date boils their
clothes these days. They use
F els-Naptha Soap in cool or
lukewarm water. / There’s no
chance for disagreeable smell
then. The only smell to
Fels-Naptha is clean smell.”

When you wasn
with FeIS—Naptha
Soap and cool or
lukewarm water,you
don’t breathe in sud-
sy steam, nor fill
yOur house with the
smell of boiling
clothes— and you get

your work done
easier, better and in
half the time than
ever before.

Fels-Naptha dis-
solves grease and
makes dirtand stains
vanish. It’s just as
good for all kinds of
housework as it is
for washing clothes.

Buy it by the box or carton and
follow the easy directions on the
Red and Green Wrapper.

Fels & 60., Philadelphia.

 

 

 

 


 

'THE MICHIGAN FARM-ER

we. 15. m4.

 

139 ~14
ElilllllIIlllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllIllllIlIlllll|llIIIIIIIIlIlIlIlIIIHlIlIlllllIIIIIIIllllIIIIIlIlllllllIllIllllllfl
'Markets.
.Ell“lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllll|lllI|Ill|lllIlllllllllllllllllllllIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIE

GRAINS AND SEEDS.

August 11, 1914._

Wheat—The expected advance in
wheat prices due to hostilities in Eu-
rope, came, as may be seen from a
glance at the quotations below. To
date fully 15c has been added to the
cash quotations since war was de-
clared between Austria and Servra.
Exporters are confident that means of
getting the wheat to Europe will be
found. Already Belgium and England
are insuring the cargoes destined to
their respective ports against the
risks of war. Not only is war aiding
the American farmer in getting a long
price for his bumper crop of wheat.
but the report of the International
Institute shows that crops of the
northern hemisphere are much below
the aggregate of a year ago. This
of itself ought to improve prices be-
yound what the crop of this country
would warrant dealers to pay. On
Tuesday there was a reaction in
prices, but this would naturally be ex-
pected, following the heavy advance.
One year ago the price for No. 2 red

 

wheat was 881/20 per bushel. Quota-
tions are as follows:

No.2 No.1

Red. White. Sept.
W'ednesday . ...921/2 911/2 94
Thursday 941/2 94 95
Saturday ........ 97 1k 97 98 17g
Monday 1.01 1.001/2 1.02
Tuesday ....... 1.00 991/2 1.01

Chicago, (Aug. 11).—-—No. 2 red

wheat 951,50; Sept, 94%0; December
$1.001,§.

Corn—With the strong influence of
wheat upon this cereal and the gov-
ernment report showing a decline in
the crop of ten per cent for July, fur-
ther advances in quotations naturally
follow. Especially in the corn belt
have weather conditions been unfav-
orable to the development of the
grain. The demand is very strong
and the supply of old corn is limited.
One year ago the price for No. 3 corn
was 72%c per bushel. Quotations for
the past week are:

No. 3 No. 3
Mixed. Yellow.
Wednesday ......... 80 82
Thursday ........... 81 83
Saturday ........... 86 88
Monday ............. 88 90
Tuesday ............ 87 89
Chicago, (Aug. 11).——September
corn 781/2c; December 695/30; May

707/30 per bushel.

Oats—Following corn and wheat,
oats put 50 onto the prices of a week
ago and the grain has a good demand
at the new figures. The crop shows
a falling off in condition for the month
of July but the decline is not so large
as that for corn. One year ago the
price for standard oats was 43 %c per

bushel. Quotations for the past week
are No. 3
Stantliard. White.
Wednesday 4
Thursday ........... 41 40
Saturday ........... 441/2 431/;
Monday ............. 451/2 44%
Tuesday ............ 451,9 441/2
Chicago, (Aug. 11).—September
oats 41340 per bu; Dec., 44%0; May
475,430

Rye.——Another advance of 50 was
made last week. Demand is improv-
ing and 1111.: supply limited. No. 2 is
quoted at 750 per bushel.

Beans—Cash beans have advanced
nearly a half dollar the past week.
The crop is light and war culs off
supplies from Europe. Quotations:
Immediate and prompt shipments
$2.50 per bu; October $2.02. Chicago.
~Prices are much higher and market
is firm. Pea beans, hand-picked,
choice, are quoted at $3; common at
$2.75@2.90; red kidneys, chOice $3.50

4

Cloverseed.—Another sharp advance
was made last week with the market
strong. Alsike also higher. Prime spot
$11; October and December $11.40;
alsike sales were made at $9.75.

Timothy Seed.——Prime spot $3 per
bushel

Alfalfa Seed.——Prime spot $8.35.

FLOUR AND FEEDS.

 

Flown—Jobbing lots in one-eighth
paper sacks are selling on the Detroit
market per 196 lbs. as follows. Best
patent $5.80; second, $5.30; straight
$4.80; spring patent $5.80; rye flour
$4.40 per bbl.

. Feed.,—In 100-lb. sacks, jobbing lots
are: Bran $26; standard middlings
$28; fine middlings $30; coarse corn-
meal $33.50; cracked corn $34.50; corn
and oat chop $30 per ton.

. Hay.—-—Prices steady. Carlots on
track at Detroit are: No. 1 timothy
$18917: standard $15.50@16; No.
2, 13@14: light mixed -$1~5.50@16;

GR

No. 1 mixed, $13@13.50; No. 1 clover
$12.50@13 per ton; new No. 1 tim-
othy $15.

New York—Market firm. No. 1

timothy $.22@22.50; No. 3 to No. 2
$18@21.

Chicago.——Best grades firm, with
prices higher. Choice timothy quoted
at $20@20.50 per ton; No. 1, $17.50@
18; No. 2, $15@16; new timothy $14

17.

@Straw.——Steady. Rye $8@8.50; oat
straw $7@7.50; wheat straw $7@7.50
per ton.

DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.

Button—Market steady, with prices
slightly higher. Extra creamery 280
per lb; firsts 27c; dairy 20c; packing
stock 190. '

Chicago—Market is quiet with little
change in prices. On account of high
interest rates little heavy buying is

 

done. Extra creamery 28,0; extra
firsts 27@271/2c per lb; firsts 24@
25%c; seconds 211/2@23c; packing

stock 181/2@19c.

E1gin.——On this market 28%0 per
pound was bid but no sales Were
made.

New York.——The market is irregu-
lar, with prices slightly lower. Pack-
ing stock is higher. Creamery extras
29@291,§c; firsts 20@201,éc; seconds
23@25c; packing stock 20@201/20.

Eggs.—Market is strong with prices
advancing. Fresh stock sells at 230
per dozen. .

Chicago—The feeling is firm, es-
pecially for fresh stock. Prices con-
tinue to advance. Fresh stock, free
from heated conditions is quickly
sold. Miscellaneous lots, cases in-
cluded 15@201/zc per dozen; ordinary
firsts 18@191/§c; firsts 20@2lc.

New York—Market steady, With
prices on fresh stock higher. Fresh
gathered extras 27@28c; firsts 23@
24c; extra firsts 25@260 per dozen.

Poultry.-—Market quiet and steady.
Prices are unchanged. Live—Broilers
19@20c per lb; hens 15@16c.

Chicago—The trading is fair at re-
duced prices. The demand is entirely
local. Quotations on live are: Fowls
14c; sprink chickens 15c; ducks, good
stock 12@14c; guinea hens per dozen
$3.50; spring geese 12@13c.

FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.

Fruits.—Cherries, sour $1.25@1.50 a.
case; sweet $1@1.25 per case; black-
berries $1.50@1.75 per case; pears
$1.50@2 per bu; plums $1.50@2 per
bushel.

Chicago—Cherries, sour $1.50@1.60
per case; sweet $2@2.50 per case;
currants $1@1.25 per case; Michigan
peaches 15@25c per 1-5 bu. basket;
Michigan Japanese plums 60@750;
Clapp’s Favorite pears $3.50@4 per
bbl; Bartlett $1.10@1.25 per bushel.

Vegetables.—~Honie-gr0wn cabbage,
$1.25@1.50 per bbl; new beets 65c per

 

white pea beans has advanced to $2.15
and red kidneys are reported to be
pretty well out of farmers’ hands.

DETROIT EASTERN MARKET.

An increased number of farmers
and buyers were present at the mar-
ket Tuesday morning. Prices are be-
ing fairly well maintained, consider-
ing the heavy offerings. Potatoes are
scarce and selling at 90c per bushel.
Cabbage plentiful at 300; tomatoes
$1.25@2; cucumbers, large 300 per
bushel; do., small, 200 per hundred;
onions $1.50 per bushel; silver onions
250 per two quarts. Huckleberries 150
per quart. Apples $1@1.50 per bush-
el; string beans 800@$1 per bushel;
celery 250 per bunch; loose hay is
scarce at $16@18 per ton.

THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.

Buffalo.

, August 10, 1914.
(Special Report of Dunning & Stev-
ens, New York Central Stock
Yards, Buffalo, N. Y.)

Receipts here today as follows:
Cattle 210 cars; hogs 70 d. d.; sheep
and lambs 33 d. d.; calves 1100 head.

With 210 cars of cattle on the mar-
ket here today, and only 12,000 report-
ed in Chicago, our market was strong
10c, and in some instances a "quarter
higher than last Monday on all grades
of good fat cattle, while the thin, poor
and slippery kinds that were not
wanted sold at only about last Mon-
day’s prices. At the close of the mar-
ket about everything was sold with
the exception of a few loads of good
weight Canadian. cattle, which are go-
ing over on account of the price bid
for them was not satisfactory to the
owners.

We had a high and excited hog mar-
ket here today, owing to moderate
supply and very light supplies at all
western markets. Packers opened the
deal, buying their hogs anywhere from
a quarter to 40c per cwt. higher than
Saturday, and the shippers followed
at the same advance on the lighter
Weights. A few heavy weight hogs
sold at $10@10.25, with the bulk of
the mixed and mediums at $10.45@
10.50. Lights sold at $10.50@10.60,
with a few fancy up to $10.65; roughs
$9; Stags $7@8. Late market was a
little bit timid and the outlook is
rather uncertain under present con-
ditions.

The market was active today on
lambs and sheep. Prices a quarter
higher than the close of last week.
Choice handy lambs selling mostly at
$9@9.25. We look for steady prices
the balance of the week.

We quote: Spring lambs $9@9.25;
cull to fair $6.50@8.75; yearlings $6@
7.50; bucks $3@3.50; handy ewes $5.50
@5.75; heavy ewes $4.75@5; wethers
$6@6.50; cull sheep $2@3.75; veals,
choice to extra $12.50@12.75; fair to
goodO $10.50@12.25; heavy calves $6

 

 

 

bushel; radishes 10c per dozen; home- @8 5

grown green corn $1@1.10 per sack;
lettuce 40c per lb; green beans 750
per bu; wax beans 750 per bu.

Apples.——Good stock in demand but
poor is beginning to hurt the market.
Transparent 750@$1; Duchess $l@
1.10 per crate, and $3@3.50 per bbl.

Chicago—The market is good for
nice stock; poor stuff is hard to sell.
Transparent $1@1.25 per bushel bas-
ket; Duchess 75c@$1; Transparent $3
@350 per bbl; Duchess $2.75@3.25;
Astricans $1.50@2.50.

WOOL.

 

The European war had a very de-
pressing influence on the wool mar-
ket last week and sales were of much
small volume; nevertheless, the mar-
ket situation was never better from
the standpoint of the seller. The war
is likely to make it necessary for man-
ufacturers to substitute the domestic
woos for foreign grades. Fleece wools
particularly have been strengthened
and the production of this class in
this country has declined fully 50c in
the past three years. Prices are
steady and all dealers are anticipat-
ing further advances. Boston quota-
tions are: Michigan unwashed de-
laine 27@28c; unwashed combing 26
@29c; Michigan fine 23@240; un-
washed clothing 23@260.

GRAND RAPIDS.

 

The egg market opens this week at
19@191,§c; dairy butter 200. Potatoes
are quoted at 60@700. The drouth has
been rather severe in this section and
corn, late potatoes and beans have
suffered. However the week opens
with rains in Grand Rapids territory
and crops will be greatly benefited.
Duchess apples bring from 50@750,
and other early varieties are worth
around $1. Huckleberries are worth
$2@2.25; blackberries $1.75@2. Local
mills paid 85c for wheat Monday and
890 Tuesday of this week, which gives
an idea of the general uncertainty of
grain and produce prices. Old corn
has also jumped and some dealers are
quoting 930 to farmers. The‘price of

 

Chicago.
August 10, 1914.
Cattle. Hogs.
Receipts today..11,500 16,000
Same day 1913..12,821 28,592 9,272
Last week ...;.31,750 64,496 47,654
Same Wk 1913...36,962 122,798 93,077
Cattle and hog markets went on a
wild rampage at the outset of the
Week. Under scant supplies beef
steers advanced 250 all along the line
compared with the close of last week.
There were even some trades at 25@
35c advance. She stock also sold 15
@250 higher and feeders at 10@20c
gain. Prime 1400-lb. branded Here-
ford steers sold at $10.40, highest in
two years, and other 1500 to 1597-lb.
Steers made $10.35, while numerous
droves of yearlings and heavy grades
made $10@10.25. Bulk of the general
run cleared at $8.75@9.90, the prices
showing 40@600 rise over levels not-
ed at the start the week before. Nor-
mal money situation and a keen pack.
er and shipper demand, coupled with
the light supplies which have been a
market feature for weeks past caused
the price boosts and predictions were
freely made by traders that unless
choice steers come more freely the
top will shortly be elevated to $11.
Last week’s steer market had a bad
start and an unexpectedly good finish.
Tight money occasioned a bearish
deal at the opening, in which values
went 15@25c lower, but loosening up
of the financial situation later, coup-
led with free eastern buying put val-
ues sharply higher. Closing sales
were 15@350 higher than Monday, the
good to choice showing most gain and
the trade looks ahead to a good de-
mand for moderate supplies in the
near future. Argentine beef ship.
ments into the east have dwindled as
result of the European war, and a lit-
tle better domestic demand prevails
now for beef, despite its high cost at
retail. Growers are holding bullish
views and fear of a breaking market
as a. result of the European disturb-
anceand its. effect on domestic finan-
cial conditions h‘a‘s_pa_ssed. Scarcity
of prime grades has put them on a

strong basis, a lot of choice to prime
steers selling the atweek at. $9.50
@990 and tops at 9.95, while $10 top
was looked for the week ahead. Bulk
of medium to good steers sold at $8.50
@9.15 and common and plain grass-
ers at $,.7.50@8.25. Range steers top-
ped at $9.50, and a trainload made
$8.85 with bulk at $7.25@8.10. She
stock opened 15@25c lower but re«
gained the decline. Cows sold mainly
at $5.25@7; prime heifers up to $9@
9.25 and a fair to good kind at$6.50@
7.50. Canners made‘ $3@4.60. Bulls
sold at $5.50@7.40 for common to
choice. Calves made $11@11.65,scor-
ing a 25@500 advance in the week.
Feeder trade had mean action and de-
clines were 15@25c from the week be-
fore, bulk of steers selling at $6.65@
7.40 and tops up to $7.75.

Hogs sold 250 higher at the opening
and later were 35@500 higher. Tops
advanced to $10.20 against $9.75 on
the close last week. Burk of the crop
sold at $9.40@10 and general range
was $1.50@2 higher than low point
Tuesday of last week.

Sheep trade had a mean tone, weth-
ers and yearlings showing a basis
weak to 100 lower than the close last
week while native lambs sold 15@25c
lower and rangers at 10@15c decline.
Top native lambs made $8.85 and
rangers went at $8.60. Montana weth-
ers made $6.10 and natives $6.50.
£37w2e5s topped at $5.85; yearlings at

Horse market had dull action, the
demand locally and in the east show-
ing no improvement over recent
weeks, although operators are looking
forward to a better call as the season
advances and early fall orders from
commercial houses are received in the
trade. Few drafters sold above $235
and a fair to good class of medium
and handy weight chunks at $160@200
with common light chunks down to
$85@100.

CROP AND MARKET NOTES.

 

(Continued from page 133).
Some farmers are forced to sell their
stock on account of pasture shortage.
Hogs are plentiful, bringing $8@8.75;
lambs $6@7; oats 400; wheat 75@800.

Clermont Co., Aug 5.—Corn in river
bottoms is in good condition. All
crops on hill ground are short be-
cause of drouth. Wheat averaged 20
bushels per acre, some 25 bushels;
oats yielded 18 bushels. About the
usual amount of hogs and beef cattle
will be marketed this fall, on account
of pastures drying up and water being
scarce. There are no preparations for
seeding yet. About all threshing is
done, and farmers are baling straw
and hay. Potatoes are a poor crop.
Eggs l7c; butter 220.

Indiana.

Allen Co., Aug. 6.—The drouth has
so far had little effect on the crops.
Corn has not been affected as yet, but
if rain does not come soon it will be—
gin to dry up. Peach canning is in

order. Shipments are arriving daily.
Price $2.40 per bushel.- Wheat re-
mains unchanged at 820. Southern

p. Indiana watermelons are coming in

and Quality is good. The first load of
new oats arrived Tuesday and brought
320 per bushel. Old oats brought 38c.
Barley was reduced 50 and rye ad-
vanced the same amount. Fresh eggs
have gone up and are now 18%@190.
Fowls went down to 140; old hens
14c; springers 17@18c.

Wisconsin.

Polk Co., Aug. 5.—The average corn
fields are later this year than last, but
if we have favorable weather we will
have a good crop of corn this year.
Potatoes are looking fine, no blight
has affected them this year. Wheat
and cats are very poor; they were
burned up by the hot winds that we
had when it should have been cool.
Hay was well above the average. The
farmers have just commenced picking
pickles. Grain is all cut and thresh-
ing will commence next week. Hay
is selling at $6 per ton. Butter 280;
eggs 220.

North Dakota.

.Foster Co., Aug. 4.—Harvest is on
With us now. Crops are fine except
late barley, which will need some rain
before it makes a crop. Corn is doing
fine this year, and it has been a fine
season for keeping it clean. Our
Marquis wheat has been a good suc-
cess, for it ‘seemed to be ahead of the
rust. Black rust has got several of
the fields pretty bad. Hogs and cattle
are at the best price we have ever
out here, and none for sale at that.
Some sheep coming from the ‘range to
graze on the stubble fields, to reship
this fall.

 

 

The blueberry crop in upper Michi-
gan .this season is reported the light-
est in many years. Frosts the latter
part of June killed the buds in many
fields and forest fires destroyed large
quantities of the bushes in other dis-
tricts. Buyers are paying $3 a bushel
for the fruit, an advance of $1 over
the price of a year ago. The colonies
of pickers are much smaller than us~

ual.——Alton 'D. Spencer.’

 

< _»_a...."

,,

 


- “was..."

, at $4.

AUG. 15, .1914.

"THIS IS THE LAST EDITION.

The first edition is sent to those who
have not expressed a desire for the
latest markets. The late market ed1-
tion will be sent on request at any
time. -

DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.

Thursday's Market.
Cattle.
August 13, 1914.
Receipts 1332. Market dull at Wed-
nesday’s prices; all grades 10@20c
higher than last week; quality com-
mon.
We quote: Best heavy steers $8.50
8.75; best handy weight butcher
s eers $7.50@7.75; mixed steers and
heifers $7@7.50; haidy light bu hers
$6.75@7.50; light butchers $6. @7;
best cows $6@7; butcher cows $5@
5.75; common cows $4@5; canners
$3@4.25; best heavy bulls $6.50@7;
bologna bulls $6.25@6.75; stock bulls
$5.50@6.50; feeders $6.75@7.25; stock-
ers $6.25@6.75; milkers and springers
$40@85.
Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P. Co.
9 steers av 977 at $7.80, 2 bulls av
1245- at $6.25, 1 do wgh 920 at $5, 1
steer h 890 at $7.50, 3 cows av 870
#58, 3 do av 1043 at $6.50, 10
butchers av 823 at $7.25, 2 cows av
1105 at $6.25, 3 butchers av 807 at $7,
6 cows av 911 at $6.25, 13 do av 998
at $6, 12 heifers av 750 at $7; to
Goose 3 heifers av 677 at $6.50; to
Findlay 1 cow wgh 1050 at $4.50, 1
feeder Wgh 730 at $6.75; to Goose 1
bull wgh 1300 at $6.50; to Mich. B.
Co. 19 butchers av 790 at $7; to
Thompson Bros. 4 do av 725 at $7, 2
steers av 1425 at $7.50; to Rattkow-
sky 2 cow's av 1190 at $6.45; to Goose
3 bulls av 1227 at $6.75; to Findlay
14 stockers av 535 at $6.50; to Parker,
W. & Co. 3 cows av 1077 at $6, 5 do
av 900 at $4.25, 1 bull wgh 790 at $6;
to Marx 5 butchers av 766 at $7.15; to
Findlay 7 stockers av 511 at $6.25; to

 

 

’T THE MICHIGAN FARMER

av 50 at $7; to Mich. B. Co. 26 do av
75 at $8.75.

Spicer & R. sold Parker, W. & Co.
15 sheep av 100 at $4.75, 7 lambs av
60 at $8.25, 7 do av 80 at $6.50, 5 do
av 60 at $7.50, 45 do av 75 at $8.75; to
Mich. B. Co. 10 do av 48 at $7.50, 105
do av 60 at $8.75; to Costello 9 sheep
av 85 at $5.50, 18 lambs av 45 at $6.50.

Roe Com. Co. sold Hammond, S. &
Co. 19 lambs av 75 at $8.50, 27 do av
83 at $8.50; to Barlage 50 do av 65 at
$8.25, 19 do av 50 at $7, 10 sheep av
85 at $5.25; to Sullivan P. Go. 9 do
av 95 at $5, 17 do av 97 at $4; to
Rattkowsky 8 do av 120 at $4.75; to
Mich. B. Co. 74 lambs av 75 at $8.65.
Hogs.

Receipts 2802. Heavy grades $9.25;
others $9.30@9.35. .

Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S.
& Co. 800 av 190 at $9.30, 500 av 170
at $9.35, 300 av 250 at $9.25.

Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co.
175 av 175 at $9.35.

Spicer & R. sold Parker, W. & Co.
$30302“, 175 at $9.35, 160 av 190 at

Haley & M. sold same 160 av 155
at $9.35, 80 av 190 at $9.30.

 

Friday’s Market.
August 7, 1914.
Cattle.

Receipts this week 1545; last week
1259; market dull. Best heavy steers
$8.25@8.50; best handy weight butch-
steers $7.25@7.75; mixed steers and
heifers $7@7.25; handy light butchers
$6.75@7; light butchers $5.50@6.50;
best cows $6@6.50; butcher cows
$5.50@6; common cows $4.50@5; can-
ners $3@4.25; best heavy bulls $6.50
@675; bologna bulls $6@6.25; stock
bulls $5.25@5.75: feeders $6.75@7.25;
stockers $6@7; milkers and springer-s
$40@80.

Veal Cales.

Receipts this week‘ 527; last week

746; market strong. Best $12; others

Schultz 10 do av 542 at $6.75; to Mich. $8@11

B. Co. 4 bulls av 1222 at $6.45, 2 do
av 945 at $6.50, 2 do av 925 at $6.50:
to Hammond, S. & C0. 3 cows av 1153
at $6.25, 4 do av 932 at $4.25, 6 can-
ners av 866 at $4, 2 do av 910 at $4;
to Sullivan P. Go. 15 mixed av 900 at
$6; to Lutz 14 stockers av 588 at
$5.90; to Bresnahan 5 heifers av 686
at $6.75, 6 stockers av 633 at $5.50;
to Thompson Bros. 1 bull wgh 1630
at $6.50.

Roe Com. Co. sold Rattkowsky 2
bulls av 825 at $6, 1 do wgh 500 at
$5.50; to Goose 1 do Wgh 800 at $5.25;
to Kull 11 steers av 817 at $7.65; to
Applebaum 8 COWS av 882 at $5.85, 2
bulls'av 725 at $5.75; to Kamman B.
CO. 3 steers av 833 at $7.50; to Hein-
rich 20 ‘do av 1063 at $8: to Ratner
3 do av 560 at $6.50; to Gainor 13
butchers av 621 at $6.80, 11 do av
825 at $7.25.

Haley & M. sold Mich. B. Co. 7
butchers av 723 at $6.25, 15 do av 759
at $6.90; to Mason B. Co. 1 bull wgh
970 at $6, 2 butchers av 925 at $7.85,
1 heifer wgh 630 at $6.50, 2 steers av
1000 at $7.25, 5 butchers av 656 at
$6.75, 1 steer wgh 820 at $8, 1 bull
wgh 1150 at $6.50, 3 do av 780 at $5.75,
1 cow wgh 1070 at $6.85, 1 bull wgh
770 at $6; to Thompson Bros. 2 oxen
av 1325 at $6.75, 5 butchers av 674 at
$5.65, 4 ows av 957 at $5.85, 6 butch-
ers av 9 at $6.50; to Hammond, S.
& Co. 1 cow wgh 890 at $4, 1 bull
wgh 1200 at $6; to Gerisch Market Co.
22 steers av 920 at $8.05; to Schultz
12 feeders av 730 at $7.30; to Apple-
baum 1 bull wgh 660 at $5.85, 2 cows
av 1040 at $6.25; to Lachalt 5 butch-
ers av 756 at $6.35; to Goose 2 cows
av 960 at $5.25, 1 heifer wgh 540 at
$6, 3 do av 400 at $6, 1 cow wgh 800
at $5.25, 1 do wgh 1120 at $6; to
Rattkowsky 2 bulls av 940 at $6.25.

Veal Calves.

Receipts 599. Market
than last week on good;
steady. Best $12@12.50; others $8 a)
10.50.

Spicer & R. sold Parker, W. & Co.
5 av 250 at $12, 6 av 150 at $12, 3 av
180 at $12.50, 1 wgh 250 at $10, 5 av
185 at $12.50, 5 av 150 at $10, 2 av
2.45 at $8, 12 av 180 at $12, 3 av 220
at $9, 12 av 160 at $12.

Haley & M. sold Newton B. Co. 2
av 135 at $10, 3 av 180 at $12, 7 av
170 at $11.50, 10 av 174 at $12.50; to
Goose 11 av 135 at $11, 1 wgh 150
at $11. .

Roe Com. Co. sold Rattkowsky 11
av 180 at $12; to Hammond, S. & Co.
6 av 160 at $12, 3 av 165 at $12.

Haddrell & C. sold Thompson Bros.
2 av 160 at $12.50.

Sheep and Lambs.

Receipts 3602. Lambs, quality con-
sidered, steady; sheep steady. Best
lambs $8.75; fair lambs $7.50@8.25;
light to common lambs $5.50@7; fair
to good sheep $4@5: culls and com-
mon $2.50@3.

Haley & M. sold Newton B. Co. 3
lambs av 70 at $8, 32 do av 73 at $8.50,
91 do av 75 at $8.50; to Fitzpatrick
Bros. 6 sheep av 125 at $3.50, 69 do
av 125 at $4.75, 35 do av 85 at $4.25;
to Costello 7 do av 95 at $4, 20 lambs

500 higher
common ‘3

. .

l

Sheep and Lambs.

Receipts this week 2637; last week
2026; market strong. Best lambs
$8.50; fair lambs $7@8; light to com-
mon lambs $5@6.50; fair to good
sheep $4@5; culls and common $2.50
@350.

Hogs.

Receipts this week 2210; last week
2517; market 250 higher. Mixed and
lights $9.25; heavy $8.90@9.

LIVE STOCK NOTES.

 

In market circleSOthe first effects of
the European disturbances were felt
in a sympathetic tightening up of
money. As yet calling of loans by
bankers who hold cattle and Sheep
paper has not been general, but the
fear that money would be wanted ur-
gently by loaners has caused no small
number of cattle, as well as sheep, to
be liquidated. The impression pre-
vails that shortage :f fat cattle will
not permit of severe declines in mar-
ket prices, despite the reaction in the
grain values of late. The United
States will have practically no fresh
beef to export to hungry Europe and
has had little of it for five years. Our
own consumptive demands require all
we can produce, and more too. If cat-
tle and sheep values go sharply lower
as a result of banks calling loans on
many animals, there should be a
speedy recovery of prices after the
first flurry of excitement over the Eu-
ropean situation passes. Those who
have good ;L‘T..§S and plenty of old
corn, are, in the belief of market op—
erators, in a safe position to carry
stock with little fear of general de-
pression in the markets a few weeks
or two months off.

Two Washington experts, connect-
ed with the Bureau of Markets of the
Department of Commerce and Labor,
Louis D. Hall and F. M. Simpson, both
formerly connected with the Univer-
sity of Illinois as instructors in ani—
mal husbandry, were in Chicago the
past week on a tour of investigation
into marketing conditions. Messrs.
Hall and Simpson have been assigned
the task of studying marketing cost.
as well as feeding costs in various
sections of the United States and
their work will take them to all the
chief market centers. A government
bulletin thoroughly covering the in-
vestigation will be issued from their
oflice within the next few months.

Grain elevators about the great
lakes are being rapidly filled from the
recelpts of new grain. Inability to
export the cereal while war is on in
Europe will likely cause stocks to ac-
cumulate, but it is expected that an
outlet will finally appear to absorb the
surplus crop.

FOR SALE—A large Boomer and Borchart
Cider Press and Feed Mill.

cheap. W. H. RAMALIA. R. No. 3, Evart, Mich.
Smnll (‘onsiznmenta from

‘ Eggs, ' Etc. Producers in Michigan bring

very nttraptive prices. Returns
. day of arrival. Refer hi Dunn‘s. Brndstreet‘s.
’ Zenith Butter & E3: 00.. 365-69 Greenwich St” N. Y.

 

 

 

 

 

All countries involved in the

European War

are Fall Wheat countries.
and light at the same time.

Big Prices

are reasonably assured for both our present and next year's
Every farmer owes it to humanity to put in the

crop.

biggest acreage of wheat possible.
to get big yields and good quality. The logical way is by
using good animal matter fertilizer.

Darling’s Animal Matter
yields and the best quality.
Fertilizers are the best

Crop Insurance

We have a very large supply of bone
and are in a position to make prompt shipments on all

a farmer can buy.

grades of fertilizers.

wheat grower should know.

They can’t plant much wheat

Every farmer in the Middle West should write us today
for our book “The Soil Builders.n

DARLING & COMPANY
Dept. A, Union Stock Yards

15—131

He owes it to himself

Fertilizers give the biggest
Darling's Animal Matter

It contains facts every

Mailed free.

Chicago, Illinois

 

 

 

 

 

 

I

 

 

 

 

to your requirements,
freight rate.

  

 

 

h Why Don’t You Save Money [Ire/[1'
On Your Fence Posts? ' ‘

It has been provon in numerous tests that the yearly cost of a
wood post is about 5%: c, while a galvanized steel post costs about
l.£35c per year. This is based on the average life of a wood post,
which is seven years, and allowing a conservative estimate of twen-
ty years for a galvanized steel post.

But all steel posts are not alike, so be sure you get the

k T & T STEEL POSTS

Made of best basic open hearth steel—galvanized after form-
ing or spacial painted after forming,
\'.'i.l(‘ll makes the T & T posts much longer-lived than any
steel post on the market.

The T 8: T po..t is driven, so it is not necessary to dig post
holes, nor does it cut away or punch out any part of the ground,
but the full strength a::d support of the ground is secured.

The T 8:. T p':st is fire proof and. lightning
times as strong as wood and requires no staples as the fastening
lugs are a. part of the past.

The T 8.: T post is made in three ways:

Acid Proofed Galvanized.
Special Galvanized. coated with pure zinc.
Black painted. hand dipped.

‘ T & T posts are made. in various sizes and lengths according

Write for booklet giving you
Tell us the nature of your soil, whether acid or stony, and we will
tell you which of the three grades you should use.

We also make special end and corner posts which can be used
with or without a. setting in concrete. ‘

Sooner or later you will come to metal fence posts—
why not begin now. by investigating the T &T? Be
sure to send for that booklet.

The Metal Post & Culvert Co., Niles, Ohio

l

PATENTED

with all edges protected.

other

proof. 1t is ten

They are shipped. nested, which reduces the

full information and prices.

Tell“

 

 

 

[IVE

Let us handle your
POULTRY, poultry, fruits, farm pro—
BROILERS, ducts. Our 25 years in
FRUITS, the same store assures
HITATIIES, your satisfactory results.
0NIONS. CHAS. "- IIIIIIII & SD".
ETC. Detroit, Michigan.

 

Ship your Hay to Pittsburgh smile
I

Daniel Mollaflrey Sens Company

Pittsburgh. Pa.
Ref—any bank or Mercantile Agency.
. “'holesale Commission House.
IiflggS, FIIIIer & col; Detroit. Want your apples.

potatoes, poultry and rabbits. Quick returns.
FARMERS-“’6 are paying good premium above
the Official Detroit Market for new-
lnid e as shipped direct tone by express. Write us

for in ormation. It will pay you. American Butter
& Cheese Co. 31—33 Griswold Stu Detroit. Mich.

FARMS Alli] FIRM llllllS
FOR SALE [Ill EXBHINEE

. . 46 I ., 2 i f
MUST BE SOLD- 82325??? For pg‘riiiculzxrgglidggsgi
H. L. TURNER. Basin. Mont.

 

 

 

"III SALE.II’?1)iI:I%1:Qdea§¢I§ut-f givimproved, fair

 

terms. .
GEO. M. GILL. B. No. 1. Knlkaska, Michigan.

‘

 

-' - i tl
Soulhom Mlchigan Farms diarié’t ”iii“ hiilfifltiifit
free. HARPBTER & MURRAY, Bellevue, Michigan.

FARMS, GOOD. CHEAP, PROFITABLE.

UNUSUAL OPPORTUNITIES NOW.
State Board of Agriculture.

 

Delaware.

FOR SALE FARM and Fruit Lands, also large

tracts for stock grazing and

ranch purposes. Clay loam soil, lime rock subsoil.
near market and railroad. Address

THAD B. PRESTON, Trustee. Onawny. Michigan.

Central Michigan Farms

Best and cheapest on earth. $50 11 . C t l .
IiOLMES REALTY AGENCY. La‘iisln: “Mofch.

MICHIGAN FARMING LANDS

Near Saginaw and'Bay City. in Gladwin and Midland
Counties. Low prices: Easy terms: Clear title. Write
for maps and particulars. STAFFELD BROTHERS.
15 Merrill Building, Saginaw, (W. 8.). Michigan.

A BEAUTIFUL LITTLE FARM HOME

About 36 acres. on state macadam read, (our mil 5

north of Three Rivers, Mich.: good buildings: nicelay

shaded; good water; quarter mile from Moore Park

Village school; 18 acres in fruit. consisting of grapes.

peaches, cherries and some small fruit: all in good

condition: price right for quick sale. Address,
N. T. KESLER. Zion City, Ill.

Want to Trade

One 58-acre farm. 1% miles from town. 20 acres of
grapes. 5 acres fruit trees, 8-acre grove on Paw Paw
river. the balance in crop land. good buildings.
Will trade for 40 to 60 acres of general farm. close to
city or good town. Inspection is invited. Write to

R. A. WEIR. Paw Paw. Michigan.

Dover.

 

 

 

 


 

THE "MICHIGAN FARME-R

" AUG. 15, 1914. ‘

 

132—16
Elli!!!liililIlliililllHlHilllifllfllllIlll|Illl|HlllHIlIllHlIllIillllIi|lIIIIIIllmHHll|IIillII|Iililil|llllIlllIIIIlNIlHiiiliilliillllillINl|IllllIii!"IllIHillIll|IllIIlIllIIllIilHi|I|IllllllIll|llllIIllllllllllfllllllllllIlllllllllllllmfi
:- g.
F:arm . ommerce.
EllllllllmlIllililllllllIllllllllllllllllilllllllIllllillllllllIllllIIIIiiIIIlilII|llII|llll|I"!lllllillllllllllllllilI|IllI|IllIIllilllmllilllllllillllllllllillilllllillillllllllll||lIIIHIIIllilllilIIIIIlllillllllllilillIllillllflllllliflmlilmflfi

Markets Demand Better Handling of Fruit.

By 'D. W. FRANCISCO.

F Michigan horticultural products, handled by men who are, or have

I such as apples, peaches, grapes been, real business men. Further-

and cherries, actually have the
generally acknowledged superiority in
flavor and general quality, then we
are forced to the conclusion that eith-
er the public is not educated to fully
appreciate its desirable qualities or
the fruits themselves are not placed
upon the market so as to appear to
the best advantage.

It seems probable that the latter
criticism is the fundamental one and
that if the absolute necessity for care-
ful grading and uniform and scrupu-
lous packing was realized the demand
would take care of itself.

That the bulk of the fruit of this
state is poorly packed is clearly evi-
dent to any visitor to Water street,
Chicago, where one sees the products
of all parts of the country displayed
for sale. The most encouraging fact
to be found here is the general opin-
ion among the fruit dealers that the
standard of Michigan fruit has been
greatly raised during the past few
years. But, we must add, it has not
kept pace with that of other states,
California for instance, which during
the deciduous season ships carloads
of pears, peaches, plums and grapes
across the continent and into our mar-
kets at Detroit and Grand Rapids,
where they are sold at a profit along-
side of the fruit of our own state.
And this in the face of the fact that
the western fruit (unlike that from
Michigan) must be picked green in
order to reach Chicago in a sound
condition.

Honest Packing Necessary.

A few days ago I was interested in
looking over the fruit of a. Chicago
dealer who handled fruit from the
district around Chicago, the bulk of
which came from Michigan. I was
shown the results of an attempt of a
cherry grower from the Frankfort dis-
trict to pack a fancy grade of Windsor
cherries. The fruit was of good qual-
ity but of irregular size and degree of
ripeness, so that instead of present-
ing the smooth regular appearance of
the fancy boxes of northwestern cher-
ries the face of the package was un-
even and mottled with pink and dark
red fruits. During the week previous
cherries in similar boxes from VVash-
ington had sold for an average of $2.25
per box and the following week at $2.

\Nhile I was there a customer con-
templated the purchase of. a crate of
cherries which made a comparatively
good appearance. The. dealer, anxious
to display his wares, emptied a box
into his hands. The bottom berries
were undersized, many over-ripe or
rotted, and the stems withered, show-
ing delay in packing and shipping.
The sale was lost.

“There’s your Michigan pack,” said
the dealer later, and pointing to the
unsold cherries, “Some of the best
berries we handle come from Michi-
gan, but we never know whether they
are-'going to be good or bad. When
we do get good stuff it sells fast, and
the customer invariably returns for
more of the same kind.”

He Lacked Business Qualities.

By endeavoring to get rid of his in-
ferior cherries the Frankfort grower
had spoiled the sale of his first-class
fruit. A brand or grower’s name on
such a package only marks it as one
to be avoided. .This farmer might
have been a successful fruit grower
but he was surely no business man,
and it is absolutely essential to be
both to secure a reputation. It seems
that in this principle lies the success
of, the western grower. Most of the
ranches near the Pacific coast are

 

more, competition has forced them to
adopt the highest standards in grad-
ing and packing. Fruit growing is a
business with them. Co-operation and
uniform handling were essential. If
such is the case in Michigan, and I
believe that it is, then the grower has
not yet come to its realization. Fruit
growing has received but a portion of
the farmer’s time and commonly these
growers knew little or nothing about
getting the crop onto the market. It
is gratifying to note the entrance of
business men into fruit raising in our
own state, and the membership lists
of some of our foremost co-operative
fruit-selling organizations include the
names of men who have already made

Sincethe first rec-operative organi-,

zation in the state was foundedin
1865, scores of attempts to unite the
growers have been made. Among
those which have succeeded and which
give the greatest promise today may
be mentioned the following: The
Mi'chigan’Fruit Exchange, The Fruit
Growers’ Central Packing Company at
Fenville, The South Michigan Fruit
Association at Lawton, The Michigan
Fruit Exchange at Lawton, The Fruit
Growers’ Union at Paw Paw, The Fre-
mont Co-operative Produce Company,
The St. Joseph Michigan Fruit Asso-
ciation, the Northport Fruit Growers’
Association, The Northern District
Apple Association, and The South
Michigan Fruit Exchange at South
Haven.

It has been declared that European
countries far surpass us in methods of
co-operation and clearly the Pacific
coast states have outdone their sis—
ters in co-operative organization. But
Michigan, too, has had her experience
and is ready to profit by the activities
in California. The farmer has come
to be less idealistic and to realize the
advantages of combined efforts, labor
and capital. Michigan is ripe for the

 

 

 

 

Fancy Sour Cherries from Morgan Orchards, of Grand Traverse 00., Reach

Consumer in Detroit

reputations in the business profes-
sions. Fruit raising has become in
itself a profession.

Advantage in Pooling.

The greatest singe factor which has
brought about the noticeable increase
in the estimates placed upon Michigan
fruit on Water street is without doubt
due to the adoption of co-operative
methods by the growers. In co-oper-
ation the farmer has come to see the
advantages of shipping in carload
lots, of the value of establishing a
reputation for the brand, the ability to
demand better transportation facili-
ties, to secure reliable news service
as to crop and market conditions, to
establish a more fraternal community
spirit, to eliminate waste and utilize
by-products, develop new markets, and
to encourage and enforce habits of
thrift and honesty in grading, packing
and inspecting.

Michigan’s co—operative organiza-
tions in general cannot yet be termed
highly successful. The important
thing is that the necessity for their
existence has been felt. It is fre-
quently said that a cooperative or-
ganization must be borne of necessity
if it proves a success. Then it is safe
to predict that those of Michigan are
to succeed for the direst of necessities
will soon compel far greater co-opera-
tion. Nothing but superior methods
of co-operation enabled the Washing-
ton cherry grower to ship his fruit un-
der ice in a week’s journey across the
country and sell at twice the price of
that of the Michigan grower who was
able to get his product onto the same
market in 24 hours and without re-
frigeration. . '

in Perfect Condition.

reception of the schooling which may
be in store from the Office of Mar-
kets at Washington, and efforts to en-
force careful grading and honest pack-
ing by co-operative associations or by
the state are, in the future, going to
bring results.

The old adage, “every man for him-
self and the devil take the hind most”
has been discarded, and for the fu—
ture the Michigan farmer has adopted
the‘ slogan, “co-operate.”

THE AMERICAN APPLE CROP FOR
1914.

Present prospects are that the ap-
ple crop of the United States and Can-
ada will be considerably larger than
the crop of last year. Some sections
will have very large harvests, some
promise almost complete failures,
while the majority of the producing
communities have a. crop running a
little better than that of 1913.

The New England states started the
season with reports of almost a per-
fect stand, and while the crop is still
declared to be good for t whole sec-
tion, a few places have eported only
'fair prospects, chiefly among these be-
ing points in Connecticut. This sec-
tion produces about seven per cent of
Our apples.

In the middle Atlantic states where
around 24 per cent of the apple crop
of the country is grown, the crop is
above the average, but early expecta-
tions of as large a crop as that of 1906
will not materialize, since the aphis
and tent caterpillar have .been doing
considerable damage in' thebeSt pro-
ducing districts. Notwithstanding this

late,

damage theretoawill. be~labs.e;,.1:11-.blew
York and Pennsylvania, the two heav-
iest yielding commonweal‘ths, although
in the Hudson River district of New
York the latest reports indicate a
small crop. Baldwins are especially
good in this division of states.

The East North Central States ex-
hibits a variety of conditions with the
general outlook less favorable than in
the eastern states. Michigan’s crop
will average better than last year but
there are a number of localities Where
the yield is reported light. Ohio will
probably produce less than in 1913,
while Indiana, Illinois and Wisconsin
indicate a crop about equal to that of
a year ago. This group of states pro-
duce about 18 per cent of the nation’s
crop.

In the west north central states the
general prospects are still less favor-
able than in the last mentioned group,
with the exception of the Ozark re-
gion, where a good crop will be har-
vested, but not nearly so large a one
as was anticipated at blossoming
time. The twig blight hit this district
quite hard., Iowa’s crop is all but a
failure, while Nebraska and Kansas
offer only a fair yield. This group of
states will ordinarily furnish around
14 per cent of the country’s crop.

The mountain states will deliver a.
good crop. Colorado reports fine pros—
pects in most sections, and a normal
outlook in others. Montana will have
a light yield, but Idaho and Utah show
splendid prospects. The division’s out-
put represent something like seven
per cent of the total output of the
country.

The reports from the Pacific states
range from fair to excellent, with
most of the valleys promising a good
crop. The quality of the fruit will be
high. Fully nine per cent of the crop
comes from the three Pacific states.

In the southern states the crop has
been fairly good. The late varieties
in North Carolina promise well, while
the Virginia and West Virginia pros-

. pects range from fair to good. Hail-

storms, blight and drouth were the
enemies of many southern sections
this year. The South Atlantic, South
Central and West Central states pro-
duce about 21 per cent of the coun-
try’s crop.

Canada will have a medium to good
crop. In Ontario the growers do not
anticipate a much better crop than
was harvested a year ago. The drop
during June and July was rather
heavy. The western portion of the
province promises to fare better than
the eastern part, while the Niagara
district holds out prospects for an ex-
cellent crop. In the Annapolis Valley
of Nova Scotia the crop will be 50 per
cent above last year’s yield, while the
remaining districts of that province
are short because of damage from the
frosts early in the season.

llIllHilllllIllIIHIHIIHIIIIIHHIIHlllllHIllillml||HIIIHIIlHHHHHllIIHIINHIllIHIl|||HIHllllillIllllliillllllil

Crop and Market Notes.

’ Michigan.

Hillsdale 00., Aug. 5,—Threshers
are busy, and a large part of the
threshing is already done, much of
the grain having been drawn from the
fields directly to the machine. The
wheat crop will average light al‘
though now and then a field is heavy,
y1eld1ng 30 bushels per acre or better.
Insects worked in many fields and
are responsible in large measure, for
the light crop. The oat crop is fairly
good, the yield ranging from 30 to 60
bushels per acre. Rye is a good crop.
The prospect for a big crop of corn
1s good, but rain is needed, at this
writing. New seeding presents a fair-
ly good showing, so far, but is also
in need of rain. There will be but
little clover seed, due to the fact that
there is but little clover. The acreage
of alfalfa is increasing steadily, and
the cuttings this year have been very
heavy. Early potatoes are a good crop
and the prospect for late potatoes is
promising. Apples, both early and
are not plentiful, and except
where systematic spraying was car-
ried on, are of poor quality. Peaches
will be scarce, as so many trees died
during the winter. Pears will be fair-
ly abundant. Milch cows and young
cattle are scarce.‘ Hogs are fairly

plentiful. .. Themarmy worm has ap-
. , .

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

. y

AUG, 15, .1914.

\

peared in several localities, but its,
ravages have been checked beforel
much damage was done. Wind and
hail have also done considerable dam-
age to fruit and growing crops, in
some neighborhoods. Butter 250; eggs
180; wheat 75c; rye 500; oats 38c;
potatoes 750. '

St. Joseph Co., Aug. 1.-—~It is terri-
bly dry here; wheat was a failure on
account of the fly and winter-killing.
This is the fourth crop in succession
which has been lost. Corn is drying
up; late potatoes at a standstill; pas-
ture dried up; oat two-thirds of a crop
and White field beans will make afair
crop if rain comes soon. Hog cholera
prevails in this vicinity, some whole
herds having been lost.

Livingston Co., Aug. 7.—The weath-
er has been ideal for harvest and as
a result harvesting is about complet-
ed. We are having the most severe
drouth of the season; all the growing
crops need rain badly. Pastures are
drying up and stock is being turned
onto new seeding, which is the best in
years. Corn and beans are very prom-
ising if we get rain soon. Threshing
has begun, with grain yielding the
best in years. There will be practi-
cally no peaches in this section and
apples will be scarce. Pears, plums
and grapes are plentiful.

Arenac Co., Aug. 7.——The weather
is very dry and crops look quite badly
wilted. The army worm destroyed
the oat fields in many localities. Corn,
potatoes and onions are looking good
but need rain. Wheat is threshing
out fine; oats good; hay medium. Ap-
ples are not an extra good crop in
this locality. No peaches and few
pears. Eggs 17c; butter 18@200; but-
ter-fat 24c; oats, old 40c; hogs, live
6@81/ic; cattle not quite so high as
earlier in the season. .

Emmet Co., Aug. 5.——Precipitat10n
for July was sufficient to promote a
good growth of crops, espec1ally
where an efficient earth mulch was
maintained. Oats and peas never
looked more promising. Prospects
good for potatoes; corn looking. fine;
hay crop very light. No threshing is
done yet; all fruits promising. _

Shiawassee Co., Aug. 6.—~Weather is
favorable for crops. Corn making a
good growth, but very spotted. Po-
tatoes promise a fair crop, being in—
jured by the wet weather. Early cut
meadows give promises of a good
clover-seed crop. Onions are growmg
nicely. A few farmers have begun
plowing for wheat. Grain threshing
is under way. Wheat yielding from
30 to 43 bushels; rye 20 to 34; oats
30 to 45; barley 28 to 45 bushels per
acre. Plenty of hogs and a few small
herds of store cattle. The apple out-
look is very poor. Farmers are hold-
ing on to their wheat crop looking for
better market. Beans growing nicely,
but spotted. .

Pennsylvania. _

Lancaster Co., Aug. 4.——Corn is
good; potatoes are half a crop; beans
and onions are good. There .is no
cloverseed. Wheat yielded 30 to 35
bushels per acre; oats 50 bushels. Hay
was 75 per cent of a normal crop. To-
bacco is good; apples and pears are
scarce; peaches are plentiful. Black-
berries 80 per quart; huckleberries 10
@120 per quart; plums 5@100 per
box; peaches $1@2 per basket; goose-
berries .100 per box.

| Ohio.

Guernsey Co., Aug. 4.——Corn is un-
even, owing to dry weather; it is
caring up and needs rain. Potatoes
are about 75 per cent of an average
crop. Wheat averaged over 15 bush-
els per acre; oats about 25 bushels;
hay about one and a half tons per
acre. Some little plowing is being
done for wheat. The apple crop will
not be as large as was expected. But-
ter 200; eggs 200; berries $2@2.50 per
bushel; early apples 50@600 per bush—
e1. Coal mines have nearly all started
to work, as operators and miners
signed an agreement for two years.
This is the dullest season the Guern-
sey valley has seen for many years.

Coshocton Co., Aug. 4.—We are ex-
periencing the most severe drouth for
years, having had only one small rain
since May 10. Early planted corn will
be average if it rains soon; late corn
will likely be a failure. Early pota-
toes are a failure in most parts of the
county; late ones will be good if the
rains COnle soon. There will be quite
a lot of cloverseed. Some farmers
have a little plowing done. At pres—
ent it is impossible to plow sod. The
wheat is turning out better than av-
erage, but cats are away below aver-
age. The hay crop is below average.
Early apples are plentiful and hard to
selly. Late apples will be average
with rains from now on. Farmers are
hauling manure and cutting briers.

(Continued on page 130),

NEXT WEEK.

Burton H. Allbee,who has spent 15
years in the New York markets, will
tell Michigan Farmer readers some-
thing of the value of careful prepara-
tion of products for market in an arti-
cle entitled, “Packing for Shipment.”

 

 

 

  
  
     

THE”. MICHIGAN FARMER

 

“>3

“333T

Will Buy the

F our Cylinder

 

Read These

Remarkable Features:
Light Weight ,

 

Three-point Motor Suspension

Full Floating Rear Axle

Two~iinit-—Three-point Con-
struction

L Silent Electric Starter

h Electric Lights

tical engineering innovations have been utilized.

The result is a car that beats them all—at a
price $500.00 less than anything approaching it.

In fact there is no comfort, no “safety first” ap-
pliance, no accessory that adds to the enjoyment of
automobile riding that will not be found in this car.

Over 95% of the car is made right in Mitchell
shops which cover acres upon acres of space.

No detail is skimped -— everything is weighed,
judged, measured, tested with critical correctnes
which gives the great service quality for which the
Mitchell is famous.

Read the specifications in another column.

Compare them with any other car and you will
find the most in the Mitchell. But after all don’t
judge the new Mitchell until you’ve sat at the wheel
of the new model—until you get the personal touch.

We invite you to get this personal touch at
our expense. We’ll put
a car at your disposal.

Silent Chain Drive Shaft to
Generator and Distributor

Positive Helical Gear Drive
to Cam Shaft

Water Pump on Fan Shaft

Dimming Search Lights —
Non-Glare System

Electric Horn

Speedometer

Gasoline Gauge

Mitchell Power Tire Pump

One-Man Top , ,

Integral Rain Vision Two-
Piece Windshield

Quick-Action Side Curtains

Crowned Fenders

Portable Exploring Lamp In the meantime
Demountalile Rims send for the new litera-
Extra Tire Carrier in Rear “"9 Wthh tells the
Stream Line Body Wh018 Story. Ask for
License Brackets 3001! 109.

 

 

 

 

 

WWW

Racine. Wis. U. S.A.

$0;

 

 

’fiotor Car
Made for 1 9 1 5

The year 1915 will not only be a Mitchell year, but it will be famous
asa year in which the Mitchell establishes another standard of values in

 

£§§§Z§3"“’ automobile building.

Chm“ Ym‘n‘m' Steel Con‘ Those who have seen the new model -- especially dealers —are not only en-
struction

Lon Stroke, Hi h -S eed _ _ . _ . .
lfflead Motors 8 p Our Vice-PreSIdent and Chief Engineer, John W. Bate, who deSIgned the or:-

g
thuSIastic, but are clamoring for the first cars from the factory. E
%

ginal Mitchell, designed the “1915" from stem to stem and all his ingenious ideas and prac-

 

17—133

 

 

w.

 

 

Fully equipped in every respect, Electric Self
Starter, Electric Lighting. Power Tire Pump.
and every one of the latest devices to _se-
cure comfort, accessibility and reliability.

 

 

 

 
 
  
 
  
  
 
   
  
   
   

The Mitchell Line for 1915

Mitchell Light Four—two and five passen-
gers—4 cylinders—35 horse power-—
116 inch wheel base—34x4tires, $1,250

Mitchell Light Four—6 passengers—same
as above ....................... $1.300

Mitchell Special Six—5 passengers—6 cyl-
inders —- 50 horse ower -- 132 inch
wheel base—36x45 tires ....... $1,895

Mitchell Special Six—6 passengers—same
as above ....................... $1.

Mitchell Six De Line—7 passengers—
6 cylinders—144 in. wheel base-
60horse power-37x5 tires, $2,350

F. O. B. Racine

 

 

     

 

   

 

”/1;
r3 ’
5y

    
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
   

Light-
~ Four
.v5‘Pasfson er.
,35=H.P.l,16 tar/heel as:

 

 

 

 

Railroad Watch

~. I To advertise our business. make new friends and introduce our catalogue
,r of Watch bargains we will send this elegant Railroad watch by mail post paid
, - . for o N LY 95 c E NTS. Gentleman’s sine, full nickel silver plated
I one. locomotive on dial. lover oscspunonunem wind and Item sat. a perfect
timekeeper and fully guaranteed for 5 years. Send this advertisement to us
with 95 CENTS and watch will be lent by return mall post paid.
Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. 80nd 96o today. Address

R. E. CHALMERS & (30.. 538 So. Dearborn St.. CHICAGO.

 

 
  
   
    
   
   
 
 
 
  
 
 

  
   
    
    

Wheat and Clover

i,’ / Many farmers stick to wheat raising

‘ ’1 12/5/57 mainly because clover follows it in the rotation.

V flail/6V But why not get the best possible out of both crops?
I] No crop returns better profit for the right fertilizer

f/l

than wheat.
What is the right fertilizer? That depends on the soil and
on what fertilizer you have used on it. The longer you have
used phosphate the sooner it will pay you to balance it with

i
w}. ‘,
' 1',
. ' x ,I/
"\,. / u ‘

Insist on your wheat fertilizer containing 6 to 8 per cent. of
Potash. Potash Pays on both wheat and clover.

If your dealer does not carry Potash, write us for prices. naming
quantitynecded. and ask [or our free book. “Fall Fertilisers." It
Will show you how to save maney and increase profits.

German Kali Works, Inc.
42 Broadway. New York
McCormick Block. Chicago Bank & Trust Bldg" Savannah
Whitney Central Bank Bldg" New Orleans
25 California St" San Francisco

DON’T WASTE MONEY .

buying a land roller. clod crusher, pulverizor and
levelor. You get ALL in ONE machine. and save
the work of two extra trips over the plowed
ground. when you buy the
IMPERIAL PULVERIZER

and it is the ONLY machine that. packs the subsoil-
and leaves the surface loose. Makes best seed bed.
Sail retains moisture and produces bigger crops.

Write today Peterson Mfg. Co.

for Booklet ligilfiwghlsd.

 

  

 

 

YOUR MONEY. "it? 5%

if invested with this Society. Interest paid
semi-annually. Let us have your name and
address and we will tell you of the advan-
tages ofiered by this Society which has been
dmng business for over twenty years.

The Industrial Savings Society.

219 Hammond Bldir.. Detroit. Mic!
.I' nor warsnnuni. Pres. AUSTIN N. KIMMIs.)'Secy,

WHITE CEDAR FENCE P05TS‘dv‘i3‘igé‘2

Cedar Fence Posts. 7 ft. 8 ft. and 10 ft. 1
Special attention given to farmer club ordersfnl’gi-ilt'i;
for prices and terms. F. G. COWLEY. Oscoda. Mich.

Government Farmers’ Wantedzlgfif‘angfi‘gii’f
Good Salary. Write OZMENT. 17-1“. St. St. Louis. Mo.

WANTED—EXPERIEIGED snare:
ply now. The Canton Culvert Co.,
Manufacturers ‘ ZYRO" Metal Silos. Box 22.0anton.0.

 

 

When writing advertisers please

 

J

mention The Michigan Farmer.

 


 

134—18 ' THE'MICHI‘GAN'FAR'MER' . Audio-1914.".
Willi”millllllllIlllllIllIlllIlllllllllllIlllllllllll||lllllIllll|llllllllllllllll|ll||Illl|Illllllllllllllllllllllllfi

gill“||”llllllllllllllll””ll”ill”llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlll”IIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllIIllilllllllllllllfil‘l
Grange. g Farmers’ Clubs

"' ' .9th Road: EllllllllllllllllIIIlllllllllllllIllIllllIlllIlllllllllllIllll|IllllllllHllllllllIllll[llI|IllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllfll— Ellllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll”llIllllIlmlllllllllllmllIllIIIIlllllIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi

Our Motto—“The farmer is of more Address all communications relative
consequence than the farm, and should to the organization ,of new Clubs to
be first improved.” Mrs. C. P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.

Correct Lubrication THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE AND A TRIBUTE TO THE FARMERS'

_l

 

       

lllllllllllllllllllllllllllll
llllllllllllllllllllllllll

lllllllllllllllllllllllllllll

     
  

“Sui-o...

E;

g; 1": -.

Hill: ‘ Heavy Road:

 

Eve «lay tests of your lubrication.
I’fi'ry them on near-by roads

How soon does incorrect lubrication show up?

Often ill one short run. Consider three types - Efi’anafiofli lnlhcschedulcothflmfl THE TONNAGE TAX. CLUB IN M|NNESQTA_ 3
. .. opposite the car HLllCKKCS the grade of Car- .
0f I‘Oddb. zoyle Mobiloil that should be used. For '—--- ._ fl
Hills.—-You come to a sharp grade. \Vith one lubricant examleIc; "A” means“ Gargoyle Mobiloil The Michi an State Gran e at its . . .
you must. drop to alower speed. \Vith another lubricant A.” Arc." means IGarzonle Mobiloil _ g_ g . The followmg trlbUte 15 rendered to
you can climb the hill easily. Only oil correct in body Arctic." For all ClCCtl’lC vehicles use Gar- last sessmn, instructed the executive the community benefit of a, local

and quality will give you full power for the hills.

Heavy Roads.——Sand, mud or “rough going" bring
heavy strains to the motor. lncorrcctoilbrings power-waste
and excessive friction-drag. Overheating is apt to follow.

. . H In ll ll l. I - o - . .
ggigixiiitiiigdleisilbo'lhcpiccigiiglgzdacfl: committee to prepare and initiate Farmers’ Club In Minnesota, by the

mercialvchiclesunlesnotherwise noted. bills as follows: One DI‘OVidinngOI‘ a. agricultural instructor in the local
change in the constitution so as to township high school:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   
   
   

 

 

 
  

 

 

 

 
    

 

 

 
 

 

 

   
   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

_ I Inc! 1910 1911 1911 1919 IMO . . . o
thesxgatiietgi 3.33395: (iii, $3110 1:;idleleygiiiiziileggwrgfgiidoiiiii 3 9 y g a 3 permit the Legislature to fix the per “The Turtle River Township Farm.
mileagefromyour gasoline. To compare the efficiency of ii gé iégg cent necessary for “The Recall” at ers’ Club which centers around Bass ¥
““3113:1136335;Ziegafi’lylesnio3231::‘13::liftgf‘ép 7:31. 3:: It: If: less than 25, and also to render judges Lake is to be congratulated. The 3
on higli gear with the former oil. IITlien clean out your 3 g 3:1 o; 2;: A Are? A m subJect t0 the operation 0f the recall. Club which was organized last August
motor with kerosene. Fill your 0' ing system with the A 2' A A' 'A 'A ”Amii' - ' h “T ren S- . . .
correct gradeof Gargoyle Mobiloils. Besure tliatoperat- A 1'1"; AAA’M" One prOVIdlng fOI‘It e , Oil; S Sy by the local agriculturist, certalnly
ing conditions in both cases are identical. Use the same AMAMAAMQR: tem of Land Registration, and an- has a corps of officers and members ,
test. See how much farther you go up the hill. . . A; A; A;- AI?- A; El: .. other providing for a tonnage tax on who are in for doing things. When .._ c ..
Use the Oil speClficd for your car in our Lubricating A An: A m. A Arc. .. Fl" . .
Churt,printcdin partonthcright. Acopyofourconiplete "1 fig: 25"), 2:: fi‘l“ Iron and GODDer- these people first met as a Club they '
Chart W111 be 591“ 3}” “10mm?“ Tc‘l‘lfst- .,..’?...‘?_..” 3.”, 9.5.17.1 In the interval between the sessions were strangers to each other. The
On request we Will also mail a pamphlet on the Con- . A M. in}... .. re re .- , _ , . £
struction, OperationIand Lubrication of Automobile ]Cn- g 3;; trgIII--Ig-;;:;I-_; the executive committee is the State women had seldom, if ever, met be- ,
532$;335,;233‘.{gla‘lgtgfiggfig10"”10“ “”gme mum“ gtEIlIoI“f':é‘i“§' Grange, this being true, its relation to fore. They now meet once a month i
l 3') I a ‘ 3- . Arc . re A
Stationary andPortableEngines and Tractors gil.c,r“.’.’.‘.l': -2 I“. dwfilfifif the rank and file 0f Grange member- and each one brings something to eat t
For all types of (132132113613 oomph Engines. uglier '2EEiE....-.io;. ‘6. 2:31; fig 1 A: f‘ A: ship throughout the state 15 of a very so that a splendid dinner is served.
mfg—chained" .2. as... “‘i‘éi“'2i.t.lsd“i‘i .31.: a “r to. intimate nature. and the story of no The women brushed elbows in tho
Gargoyle hI/VlflgliiilI“Il}I'I’"tltif year ’Iroundd Tractors—Use {23:23:37) 2 1;“ .A deliberations, the conclusions reached preparing of the dinner while the men
Gamyle o m 1e year mun ' ' 'A' -.-.-~..-.-.; and the plans formed for carrying its talked of things which would improve
ArcArc. . . I .
“Gan .. _ "4-" 12$. program into aCtIOD. all these belong the community and increase farm
GB 5 . “rt: ‘13:: of right to the entire membership. profits. Outside talent is invited to
....... In An- Aw "An- re n: rc. I . I
9/ lemma. ram...” 2 ,3. There have been a number of meet- the meetings and new ideas and sug-
filling... 31$ :13 ings of the committee this year, and gestions are received. The members
, ‘ M... A '5‘ . E E 'E . E tial reports of each have appeared are beginning to get acquainted and
—' mm. , .. .. .. A 1: A“ IIlI par . . . I
—— . Rim... .. g g ‘9‘... gig Hall": in the press of the state. The people community interest is growmg.
‘ ‘ . . a EA A AKA Arc Axmnm. ' ’ “Th. . l f h .
' .. .. T.‘ ."A..:....i.o.lm generally, I think, have some idea of IS IS on y one 0 t e active
MObIIOIIS limited" ' "i‘iiid i: \2 3133.3 iii" what has been going on, but consid- Clubs in Beltrami county but after
noni . rc rc.-rcorc 1c KI ::I I . I I . I I .
"no.2???” A gt A 2 A' fill’i‘h ering the interest in one or two of our seeing what It IS helping t0 bring
Agradefor earl: 217’" ofmotor §§i§gn7l 1335-; g} A: r}? - 7 ‘ . propositions, it has seemed to the about there can be no doubt left in
The various grades of Gargoyle Mobiloils, purified to Eggnog}: "E‘AE‘AHX' ‘E A a A A writer that a letter upon this subject the 111'in 0f the most Skeptical as to
, . r u 9 “ulna... .. .. ., . . . .
l sangs.;seogore...:.:;l2ile..isne.as. ooooo ; moo Imght be of mooooo .. do odors .. the value of oromzmoo those Clubs-
goyle Mobiloil “Arctic." They can be secured from £2,733"; i g 23:: the Lfichigan Farmer. Alfalfa culture, community interest,
‘ , ,r < ‘ . to ..... ‘ A In I . . . .
reliable granites, automobileslipply houses, hardwarestores $53.71 A s" i: The blll prov1ding for the Torrens better farming, a rural mail route, and
and others who supply lubricants. 5 “I” An: m n A" . .
Iltésfisafestdto buyIIin 0rlgiIlalgbala‘elitIlialf—gaérels allied 5:“ nil" _ I. “r System is finished and will soon be a telephone line, are some of the di-
seae vean one—pa on cans. ._ee in ic re argoy “3“ gu'f ;I 'f " " 'E . . . . . .
ourmarkofmanufacture,isonthe container. ' glut“: . i :er distributed Wlth accompanying peti- reCt reSUItS: yet the 0111b IS only five
For information, kindly address any inquiry to our Wii'jjj , 1...... Jim. tion blanks. months 01d_”
nearest office. The city address will be sufficient. Winwn ............... Arr'Achrc Arc

We confidently predict that the DUb- llllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllIHIHI||[1|l|ll|llHll[llllll!l5lIllllIII“IHI|llIll|IlH1IlHIllllllllllllillillllllllIllll
lic generally Will approve Of this bill- over certain ores from year to year,
So far as we know, it is the simplest, waiting for a more favorable market.

   

VACUUM OIL co., Rochester, N.Y., U.

Specialists in the manufacture of high-grade lubricants for
every class of machinery. Obtainable everywhere in the world.

Domestic Branch 5

e .-
Detroit Boston New York Chicago Pittsburgh Philadelphia

 

 

 

F

 

FOR

 

 

o GO TO THE

Greater Michigan F

 

most workable measure of this kind
yet published, and its provisions re-
quire less expense to be put into op-
eration than is the r'ule generally.

The matter of “The Recall” was
dropped for the present because the
committee realized after some consid-
eration that it had undertaken a big
job, even with this subject eliminated.

A large stock company has been or—
ganized which it is hoped will take
over the present Grange Life Insur-
ance Company.

The executive committee has made

Varying quantities of copper might
also be on hand in the spring, de
pending upon the state of the market
and the judgment or the Operator as
to the best time to sell. It occurred
to us in time that all this personal
property would disappear from the as-
sessment rolls if our bill should be-
come a law, and so the tax collected
from this source for local purposes
would have to be assessed against

the remaining. property. The effect
of this would be to increase the tax
paid by every interest outside the
mines. This increase would fall up-
on the business man, the owner of
a home, large" or small, and upon ev-

. . a contract to this end which provides
rea er 1c ‘98“ a that the new company shall pay to .

i
J

_ . in any county where mining was car-
cent of the renewal premiums to the ried on to any extent.
amount of three thousand dollars per At first it was thought by some of do

You will see there—

September 2-3-4-5-6-7

Blooded Michigan Horses
Pedigreed Michigan Cattle .
Best Strains Michigan Sheep

Prize Winning Michigan Swine

 

Finest Michigan Poultry.

 

 

 

Excellent Music :=:

   
 

 

 

Fine Racing
Clean Side Shows

Best of Free Attractions. Fireworks Every Evening.
TAKE YOUR FRIENDS ALONG.

GRANGE DAY, Thursday; September 3rd.
CLEANERS DAY, Friday, September 4th.

 

 

 

 

 

When 'Writlnfi to advertisers please mention The Mlchléan Farmer.

 

year, in consideration of the money
already expended in promoting the
Grange Life Insurance Company.

But to return to the tonnage tax.
During the month of April, the legis-
lative committee investigated the mat-
ter at some length and the more they
investigated it, the larger the subject
grew. Later, the attorney—general
rendered an opinion which limited our
possibilities somewhat. Then it was
decided that to tax all iron ore at the
same rate per ton would be unfair, as
that product varies so much in value.
Accordingly five classes, two of Bes-
enier and three of non-Besemer ore
Were made and rates fixed.

A bill was then drawn, including
this feature. The bill provided for a

V tax of one-quarter of a cent per pound

on refined copper and the rates fixed

. upon the different classes of iron ore

were equal to a uniform rate of abo‘ut
seven and one-half cents per ton.

This tax was to be levied April 1
of each year, upon all iron ore and
upon all copper mined during the year
preceding. .

Now, iron ore is not shipped in the
winter, and so it happens that alarge
quantity often results by the time
spring opens again, and shipments be-
gin. It is also the practice to carry

our committee that this was but a
small matter, but investigation prov-
ed that the tax levied upon this kind
of property this year, will amount to
something like four hundred thousand
dollars.

The present plan is to return to the
localities a sum of the tonnage tax
collected equal, in a general way, to
the tax which they would derive from
that portion of the property taken
from the assessment rolls by the op-
eration of the new law. Such an ar-
rangement would be no more than
fair, and must meet the approval of
every honest man when he comes to
understand the reason for it.

Before this letter reaches the read-
er, the whole matter may be settled,
and the result be learned from some
other source. I only wish to say, in
closing, that in my judgment, this is
the most complicated matter which
the Michigan State Grange has ever
undertaken to handle. That each mem-
ber of the committee has acted hon-
estly, conscientiously and to the best
of his knowledge and ability.

This matter has been long drawn
out. It has necessitated a number of
meetings of the committee, and theo
expense of these meetings is consid-
erable; but to have completed this
bill and initiated it without thorough
investigation and much careful

thought, would have been to forfeit

the confidence of those who elected
us, to have wronged the state and to
have committed a crime against that
part of our commonwealth in which
the mines are located.

W. F. TAYLOR.

 

-‘ Anas-

-4 ..

 

J.‘-.—.§. «It—’1;


l.

 

 

, .

.I—whmdi ' r

CM”. -__._.' '

22.4 .:

«‘~_:r> :3.- has“

.. m; _‘ 14......“

 

 

 

VWJH-e— m. as.

 

 

and. 15. .1914... \
gunmanummmmnmmmummmuummuumuummnuuuIwuuuummmwinning

E Veterinary.

fill!!!"llllllllllllill|||llilllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllillIIIIllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllliilfi

    

E

CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. 8.,

Advice through this department is
free to our subscribers. Each com-
munication should state history and
symptoms of the case in full; also
name and address of writer. Initials
only will be published. Many quer-
ies are answered that apply to the
same ailments. If this column 15
watched carefully you will probably
find the desired information in a re-
ply that has been made to someone
else. When reply by mail is request-
ed. it becomes private practice, and a
fee of $1.00 must accompany letter.

 

Collar Boil—One of my horses has
a collar boil on shoulder which sup-
purated and opened: have applied lard
and stove hiacking without good_re-
suits. M. A., Bruces Crossing, Mich.
You applied wrong remedy. Inject one
part tincture iodine and five parts of
water into abscess twice a day. Also
apply equal parts oxide of zinc,. bor-
acic acid and powdered alum tW1ce a
day. Remember, you should give him
rest until his shoulder gets well, or
remove a portion of collar to relieve
pressure.

Catarrhal Fever—For past three
weeks my yearling colt has discharg-
ed mucus from nose and occasionally
coughs. I wish you would prescribe
a remedy that can be given in feed,
for I don’t believe I can drench her.
W. T. J., Baldwin, Mich—Give your
colt a teaspoonful of baking soda and
20 grs. of copperas at a dose in feed
two or three times a day. Also give
him 30 drops of Fowler’s solution at
a dose three or four times a day.

Ringbone.——I have applied sulphuric
acid to ringbone and now the sore re-
fuses to heal. Have applied ointment
but she keeps biting wound and keep-
ing it raw. C. B. V., Richland, Mich.
—Sulphuric acid dissolves lime salts
and sloughs and destroys the skin;
furthermore, it is almost impossible
to heal a wound of this kind during
hot weather. Apply one part iodoform
and seven parts boracic acid, covering
sore with either iodoform gauze or
oakum. If the wound itches much,
stand foot in bichloride of mercury
and water, one to 1000 parts, twice a

ay.

Bruised Udder.——My cow met with
an injury afiecting one quarter of ud-
der, but now three quarters of bag is.
inflamed and the injured spot isnow
quite perceptible. A. A. L., Willis.
Mich—Apply tincture of iodine to the
bruised parts and if it is soft open it
allowing pus to escape, then inject a
small quantity of tincture iodine into
abscess daily. Give her a dessert-
spoonful of powdered nitrate of pot-
ash at a dose in feed two or three
times a day.

Knuckling.——My eight-year-old mare
upset ankle three different times and
I would like to know what I had bet-
ter do for her. C. M., Newaygo,
Mich.——The ligaments of fetlock will
perhaps never be as strong as they
once were; however, she will be ben-
efited by clipping off hair and apply-
ing one part powdered cantharides
and six parts fresh lard every ten
days. This will blister and strength-
en the ligaments of joint. She should
be shod level and shoes made not too
short.

Capricious Appetite.—~We have a
flock of Rhode Island Reds that are
not quite right; bowels appear to be
quite loose, and as soon as the bowels
of one move the other fowls seem to
dig in this filth. Their egg yield has
diminished very much lately. These
hens are parked up, but get such
green food as grass and weeds that
grow in garden. W. W., Chelsea,
Mich—For want of a suflE‘Icient varie-
ty of feed your chickens have an ab-
normal craving for filthy things. Mix
some ginger, ground gentian and bak-
ing soda in their food every day; a
grain or two of each of these will do
them good.

Breeding Questioanilk Yield—Is
it true that if a cow has twin calves
of different sex that the heifer calf
will not breed; also, if a cow loses
one-quarter of her bag will she also
give that much less milk? A. S., Lan-
sing, Mich—There are cases on rec-
ord where they have bred, but these
cases are very rare. When a cow
loses one-quarter of her udder and the
disease is strictly confined to this
quarter, she Will usually give four-
fifths instead of three—quarters as
much milk as formerly. In some cases
cows have been known to give almost
as much milk out of} three quarters as
four, when they were milked three
times a day. -

Ringworm.——I have two. head of
young cattle which have latedy devel-
oped sores on’head and neck, but ap.
pear to be healthy and well. W. R..
i Napoleon, Mich—I am inclined to be-
? lieVe your cattle suffer from ringworm

TH,E..MICH'IGA‘N FARMER

 

BOOK ON

0
g Diseases
AND HOW TO FEED
Mailed Free to any address by the author

H. CLAY GLOVE“. V. S.
l 18 West 3 lat Street New York

    
  

1% Do

\ 3T 4

  

 

 

 

 

' Seed Wheat. cleaned. bald. 1913 cm over
Geld com 43 bu. per acre. 81.40 per bu. he. s

0.
free. Muncytown Stock Farm. Flat Rock, Mic .

 

F0“ S ALE—Gray 2-year-old Percheron Stallion. .

_ weighing 170'.) pounds. 24 months old.
Price. 8500. M. A. BBAY. Okemos. Ingham 00.. Mich.

Registered Percherons.
BROOD MARES. FILLIES AND YOUNG
STALLIONS at rices that will surprise you.
L. C. HUNT do 0.. Eaton Rapids. Michigan.

FOR SALE—Registered weanling, Stallion
Colts from our best ercheron

Mares. Write. R. S. HUDSON, Michigan Agri-

cultural College. E. Lansing. Michigan.

BREEDERS’ DIRECTIIRY.
CATTLE.

ABERDEEN ANGUS

Bull calves and yearlings ready for service. Sired
[Cy Louis of Viewpont II. Closely related to five

rand Champions—Brother. Sister. Sire. Site’s
Brother and Grandsire. (International Grand Chain -
ion for three years in succession. Prices 875 up. WI 1
meet prospective purchasers either at Somerset.
Addison or Addison Junction.

You are bound to get good calves from these bulls
even with strongly dairy type grade cows.

GEO. B. SMITH G CO..
ADDISON AND SOMERSET. MICHIGAN.

ABERDEEN-ANGUS

HERD FOUNDED IN 1900.
Strains regresented consist of Trojan Ericas. Black.
birds and rides, only. Black Quality Ito. a hull of
rare individuality and merit. heads the herd.
WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionia. Mich.

 

 

 

 

 

 

MILO D. CAMPBELL. CHAS. J. ANGEVINE.

BEACH FARM
GUERN S EYS

 

 

We have for sale imported and
home bred Bull Calves, guaranteed

free from tuberculosis. They are
fine and have had the best of care.
Send for sale list, or what is better
for both parties, come and see them.

. CAMPBELL & ANGEVINE, coldwaior. Mlcll.

 

6 —Famous May Rose Strain. A select herd.
“0703313 Tub. Tested. Several A. R. O. Cows.
J.K. Blatohi‘ord. Windermere Farm.Watcrvllet.Mich.

 

We have for sale a number of pure Guernsey cows.
heifers and bulls. also Berkshire h gs.
VILLAGE FARM. Grass Lake. Michigan.
2 six months old

HEREFORD BULL lleonthsold.

ALLEN BROS. Paw Paw. Michigan.

FAIR LAWN FARM

OFFERS A SPLENDID YOUNG

Holstein Bull

His dam a 21.27 lb. 3-year-old. His
three nearest ' dams average 25.64 lbs.
butter in 7 days.

Write or come at once to

REED & KNOWLES,
HOWELL, MICHIGAN.

 

 

 

“OISIClTIS—n High Grade Holstein heifers from Heavy
Milksrs. Also Registered Bull. Price for
the bunch .1000 F. O. B. J. C. BARNBY, Goldwater. llich.

BIGELOW’S llillSTl-IIN FARMS

Breedsville, Michigan.
Breeder of high class

Registered Holsteins.
“Top=Notch" Holsteins.

Extra large fine young bull. % White. born Oct. 4. 1913.
Dam has official record of 29.40 lbs. butter in 7 days.
117.50 lbs. in 30 ds s. Site's dam is a 22.64 lb. 4-yr..old
daughter of a 30.5 lb. cow.

McPHERSON FARMS 00.. Howell. Michigan.

 

 

— ' dH 1 t'
FOR SALE it.ais“sh"iia§3 ‘15.???“ 1:02.33

breeding. HATCH HER , Ypsilanti. Michigan.

EGISTERED HOLSTEINS—Herd headed by Albina
R Bonte Butter Boy No. 93124. whose dam has semi-
oflicial yearly record. Butter 802 lbs. Milk 1&6221bs. as a
2-yr.-old. No stock for sale. W. B. Reader. llowell, lileh.

$1M BUYS express paid. high record. registered

eight months old HOLSTEIN BULL
284D. sire. King Segis and Hengerveld De Kol blood.
BIVERVIEW FARM. B.No. 8. Vassar. Mich.

ESPANORE FARM,
LANSING, MICH.

Register’d Holsteins

Bull Calves $50 to $200.

An absolute guarantee with each purchase.
CHASE s. osnomv. 0mm M. Huron.
ADAM E. FERGUSON. ' Supt.

Purebred Registered

HOLSTEIN CATT L E
The Greatest Dairy Breed
Sand for FREE Illustrated Booklets
Holstein-Frieda» Auc..Box I64. Braflleboro.Vt.

 

19—135

' —Re . Bred (Hits—Orders taken for
ehfllor "I‘ll” sprii‘i'g pigs and Collie pups. Loistcin
Bulls at Bargains. FAY B. PARHAM. Bronson. Mich.

o I C ——Take orders for springfilgs. One Brno. fine
- o - type Jersey Bu l. rice reasonable.
N. H. Weber. OakView Farm. Royal Oak, Michigan.

 

O I C Choice pigs, two to four mos. the long
0 0 0 bodied kind. One choice gilt bred for
August. ALVIN V. HATT. Grass Lake. Michigan.

 

0 I c ——Bred sows and spring pigs. large and growthy.
- - . Pairs and trios. not akin. ,erte your wants.
GLENWOOD STOCK FARM. Zeelnnd. Mich.

 

0 I C — ilts bred for June and July furrow. Also
I I 0 pring pigs. Serviceable boars all sold.
I pay express. . . ANDREWS. Dansville, Mich.

 

o I C’s All sold. Would be pleated to book
I I your order for spring igs.
C. J. THOMPSON. Rockford. Mic igan.

O I 0’ —Large boned. shipped on ap royal.
o o Svsnirs not akin. registers free.
J. W. HO ELL. Elsie.

 

Michigan.

 

hoicely Bred Chester Whites. Spring pigs either sex pedi-
gree furnished. Sent C. 0. D. sul jcct to examination. for
prices and breeding, Address. John (lintling, Bronson. Mich.
I —Spring pigs. pairs and trios. not

0- I. C '3 akin, fmm state fair winners.
AVONDALE STOCK FARM. Wayne. Michigan.

0. I. C’s‘gasiyassess?“ 5......
A. R. GRAHAM. FLINT. MICHIGAN.
o. I. c. SPRING Pics-times 2132‘: i233

pigs. H. W. MANN. Dansville. Michigan.

 

 

 

 

0 I 6 SW‘ —-Also Holstein Bull calf sired by a 26-“).
I . I I". son of Ypsiland Sir Korndyke DeKol.
Clover Leaf Stock Farm. R.

- —May I have the pleas-
OI II C- SWlne ure of receiving your
order for a. pair or trio. not akin. of April
and May farrow. They are bred ri ht. Satisfaction
A. J. GORDEN. R. o. 2. Dorr. Mich.

No. 1, Monroe. Mich.

 

guaranteed.

 

O I C! —I have a fine lot of last OCT.
. . S. GILTS. bred. Weight 300 to 350.
Also last spring BOARS. Half mile west of Depot.
Nashville. Michigan. OTTO B. SCHULZE.

 

JERSEYS—Bull calves nearly ready for service.
Sired by Jacoba's Fairy Emanon 1071.11.
SMITH do PARKER. Howell. Michigan.

 

MAPLE Lane Register of Merit Jersey Herd—Tu-
berculin tested by U.S. Government. Bull calves
from cows In R. of M. test. Heifer calves whose dams.
grand-dams. and great grand-dams are in the Register
of Merit. IBVIN FOX. Allegan. Michigan.

Now IN SERVICE—kinghhgijfpiln‘ii£33.33?

GREGORY do BORDEN. Howell. Michigan.

HILL CREST JERSEYS.

I would sell two or three young cows. Come and
see them. A herd of 20 to choose from.
S. B. WATTLES. Troy. Michigan.

 

 

 

Jersey Bull

You can buy cows of
high producingvalueor
you may develop them. The bull is the
most important factor in development.
A thoroughbred Jersey bull pays big returns on his
cost every year. Let ussend you someJersey facts.

The American Jersey Cattle Club
324 West 23d Street. New York City

   
   
  

Lillie Farmstead Jerseys

(Tuberculin tested. Guaranteed free from Tuber-
culosis.) Several good bulls and bull calves out of
good dairy cows for sale. No females for sale at
present. Satisfaction aranteed.

COLON C. LILY. . Cooper-ville. Mich.

 

ERS Eys—YEARLINQ BULL READY FOR
SERVICE. Also bull calves.
rookwater Farm. 8. F. D. No. 7. Ann Arbor. Mich.

J E R S EYS —For list of stock for
write A. p. EDISON. Sec. M. 3.833. 3§d32gewehrii§§§i

Grand Rapids. Mich. If a breeder and a member
of M. J. C. 0. send list of stock for sale to the above.

 

 

BUTTER BRED JEfifih‘fsffiii‘“
CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.
Silver Creek. Allegan County. Michigan.

uiiill am suonmonus-§.;%::2..§.“’i>:?..msro

and 8125 each. J. B. HUMMEL. Mason. Michigan.

 

 

Shodhorns 8500 buys two cows three and four yrs..
one yearling heifer and two calves six
month. A. A. PATTULLO. Deckervllle.Micmgau.

 

A Chance To Get Just What You Want.

10 A. R. O. cows. YOUR CHOICE of my entire hard.
4 service bulls. one to three years old. 5 very choice
bull calves. If you are wanting Holsteins. you
better take advantage of this oportunity.

L. E. CONNELL. Fayette. Ohio.

 

Holstein-Friesian Breeder—{52: orbiffe {:33
represented. D. D. AITKEN. Flint. Michigan.

'Fok SALE—CAR OF HIGH GRADE HOLS-
TEIN YEARLING HEIFERS.
Tubercular tested. F. B. KIMBALL. Orland. 1nd.

HOLSTEINS8: BERKSHIR ‘53?“ 125i

priced reasonable. B. B. BEAVEY. Akron. Mich.

Tllli THREE BEST IIQLSTEIN CATTLE
Poland China Hogs and S. C. White Leghorns.
FOREST SIDE STOCK FARM
M. H. Chamberlain Jr. Prop.. Romeo. Mich.

 

 

Shorthorns—Bulls and females. all ages. Tell just
what you want. Also P. C. Hogs. Oxford Sheep.
0. W. Cram, Soc. Cent. Mich. Shorthorn Au‘n.. IIcBrich. Mich.

SHORTHORN CATTLE

W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.

 

 

DUROC JERSEY BOARS

Spring Pigs and Yearlings

F rom. Prize-Winning Stock

Special Prices for 30 Days.
Write. or better still. come.

Brookwater Farm, Ann Arbor, Mich..H.F.D 7.

DUROO JERSEYS—Fall gilts or the large: heavy
boned type. bred for Aug. and Sept. furrow. Also
spring pigs. not skin. I". J. Drodt. RJ. Monroe. Mich.

DUROCS-A good growthy fall pig immuned
and bred for August furrow will
make you money. Give me your order now for
Mayshi ment. Also fall boars ready for service.
KOP J KON FARM. Kinderhook. Michigan.

 

 

 

Fancy bred Duroc Jerseys—Bears it Gilts of spring &
summer furrow: (iord individuals at reasonable
prices. John McNicoll. Station A. R4. Bay City. Mich.

if D '
KORll-EL 8100K FARM timid: so??? {25233.33

prices. E. B. CORNELL. Howell. Michigan.

DUROC JERSEYS, Bred Gills For Sale.

CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings. Michigan.

DUROC JERSEYS"?JK§$‘§.:§L” $335.” “ex 8“

STAHLMAN,Chcrry Lawn h‘arm.li.2.S epherd.M-ich:

 

 

 

AMPSHIRE Swine—Breedingflstock of all ages
from most popular strains. 'rite for breedin ,
Inspection invited. Floyd Myers. B. 9. Decatur. In

POLAND CHIVAS—ESE EvitiZ‘imsein‘hiHm’

Prices right. w. J. EAGELSHAW. Augusta. Mich:

LARGE '"PE P c -—Largest in Mich. Fall pigs all

I - mid. order a spring ig sired
by the largest boar in the U. 8.. weight 90C? lbs.. 21
months old. Come and see. Expenses aid if not as
represented. W. E. LIVINGSTON. arma. Mich.

BIG TYPE POLAND CHINAS‘.B§.'E'ypi$

new homes. They are corker's and immuned.l
WM. WAFFLE. Coldwatcr. Michigan.

 

 

 

 

' of the big type. March and A ril
Paland chinas farrow. The kind that pleaselhur
customers. A. A. WOOD & SON. Saline. Mich.

 

LARGE styled Poland China Spring Pigs. older
sows bred for fall furrow. Also Shorthorn
Bull calves. ROBERT NEVE. Pierson. Michigan.

 

F0" SALE—A choice bunch of March and April boar
Digs. a few herd headers. Prices reasonable,

Satisfaction guaranteed. ll. W'. Mills. Saline. Mich.

 

BUTLER’S Big Boned Prolific Poland Chinas. Grow
big. kee easy. mature early. ready for market at
6 months. by? Because we've bred them that way
for more than 20 years. We have 25 big boned sows
for fall farrow. Buy one and make more money on
your hogs. You can't get any better at any rice.
P.C. History Free. J. C. BUTLER. Portland. ich.

 

 

SHEEP.

IT was TO BUY PURE ski-:0 sum
01“ PARSONS ' Elfin???“
tiers-“iv we:

 

   

A l V » ~ -
~ *5 offer and descriptive
"p . price list. Oxfords,

 

 

s i s. m-
ui eta on Pulled-
nines.

chigan R 1

 

 

I have on band 100 high grade
n0l5leln cows Heifers. age 6 mo. to 2% yrs.. lots
of finality and in good condition. Also a fine selection
of ill] Matured cows. Arthur Birkholl. New BuffaloJlich.

Very Shoice Holstein Bulls

t Farmers Prices.
Long Beach Farms. Augusta. Kalamazoo 00.. Mich.

UY YOUR YEARLING HOLSTEIN BULL EARLY.
Every year the supply is short. I offer a large.
straight. heavghboned. handsome fellow that will be a
year old Doc. . in time to breed for September cows.
‘96 delivered. with all papers. Robert VLF-y. Iluon,lich.

 

HOLSTEIN FEIESIAN CATTLE. Bulls for sale.
the kind that will satisfy or money refunded.
JONES I LUTZ. Oak Grove. Mich-Icon.

 

 

Oxforddown Yearlings and Ram Lambs
M. F. GANSSLEY. Lennon. Michigan.

 

l ' h —Yearling and ram lambs from Champion
"“3 '3 flock of Thumb of Mich. Also select Bekr-
Elmhurst Stock Farm. Almont. Mich.

H008.

shire swine.

 

 

' ' —A few extra Sept.Bosrs and bunch
nuroc:&v'cl°nas of Gilts for let of April fan-cw.
M. 1‘. STORY. Lowell. Mich.'. Citizens Phone 55.

o l c March. A iii and May pigs: the bi ',
I I I rowthy k nd that always makes good.
LIMUEL NI 0L8, BID. No. 2. Lawrence. iich.

 

 

Bred sows. bred gilts and hour
"Ule Foot pips. not related. for sale. Sails
faction guaranteed. U. C. KIIEGLOW. Ada. ()hio

 

()RKSHIRE Swine—March dz Apr. pigs ready to ship,
Pairs not akin. College Princess and Cooks Bacon
foundation stock. Geo. S. McMullen.Grand Ledgc.Mich.

 

' —(‘ilts bred for ear! S t. -
For sale,YOIkSlllIes rdwing. also boars flir it?“ :1}:-
vice. WATERMAN & WATERMAN. Ann Arbor. Mich.

YORKSHIRES

The large. long-bodied. prolific kind. Gilts bred for
July. August and September furrow. A choice lot of
spring pigs,pairs and trios.not akin. Prices reasonable

W. C. COOK. R. 42. Ada. Michigan.

YORKSHIREs—Matum boars and sows. A line
for prices. OSTRANbeEIIi B“ dsloiilodg‘fs'mighito

Lillie Farmstead Yorkshire:

Open gilts and gilts bred for September farrow.
Sprins igs either sex. pairs and tries not akin.
Satisfac ion guaranteed.

COLON C. LILLIB. Coopersville. Michigan.

 

 

 

Mention the Michigan Farmer
when writing to advertisers.

 


l
l
1

 

, yum

136—20

THE MICHIGAN FA‘RMER

\

AUG. 15, gm.

 

and if you will apply one part iodine
and ten parts lard every day or two
they will soon get well. Give each of
them a tablespoonful of hypo-sulphite
soda at a dose in feed twice a day, or
it may be given in water as a drench.

Rheumatismr—For the last four
weeks my five-year-old mare has been
showing stiffness in left fore leg and
left hind one; but she showed lame-
ness in front leg first. None of the
joints are swollen. O. P. B., Warsaw,
Ind.—-Give her 2 drs. of sodium salicy-
late and 2 drs. nitrate of potash at a
dose in feed twice a day.

Indigestion—Collar Boil.—My son
bought a 12-year-old mare that is
shamefully thin on account of over-
work and starvation last winter. She
also has a large collar boil or soft
callous on point of shoulder which I
would like to get rid of; furthermore,
I would like to build her up in flesh.
W. H S., Ferry, Mich—Give your
mare 1 dr. fluid extract nux vomica,
1k oz. of Fowler’s solution and % oz.
of fluid extract gentian at a dose two
or three times a day. The bunch
should be cut out of shoulder, then
apply one part iodoform and nine
parts boracic acid, to wound twice a
day.

Feeding Rusty Straw—I have some
oat straw that is quite rusty and I
would like to know if it can be fed
with safety to horses. J. A., Sparta,
Mich—If they do not eat too much of
it, it will not prove harmful to horses.

Stifle Lameness.—I have a cow that
has been lame in stifle joint for the
past three months and blisters fail to
help her. G. H., Kent City, Mich.—
Either apply one part red iodide of
mercury and four parts lard every
week or ten days, or sell her to the
butcher.

Enlarged Gland—I have a colt two
months old with loose movable bunch
in throat. M. M., Emmet, Mich.—
Give colt 5 grs. of potassium iodide
at a dose twice a day and apply tinc-
ture of iodine to bunch twice a week.

Colt Walks on Toe—I have a colt
three months old that walks on toe of
fore foot and I might add he was born
in this condition, but seems to thrive.
S. K., Camden, Mich—The tendons of
fore legs are perhaps too short and if
your Vet. will divide them and allow
his heels and fetlock to drop, he
might get Well. Drugs will not help
in a case of this kind. In performing
the operation cleanliness must be ob-
served; furthermore, a very small 0p-
ening should be made when tendons
are cut off.

Chronic Cracked Heels—Stocking.
My ten-year-old mare got scratches

 

 

last fall and it took a long time to
heal sores; since then her legs stock
badly, but with exercise nearly all
this stocking disappears. C. F. D.,
Bridgeman, Mich—Apply equal parts
glycerine and tincture benzoin to the
scaly parts of heel and give her 1,é oz.
of Fowler’s solution at a dose three
times a day; also give her 1 dr._of
ground nux vomica and 2 drs. of pow-
dered nitrate of potash at a dose in
feed twice a day.

inflamed Leg. I have a nine-year-
old mare that was bred July 1; a few
days later she broke out of pasture
lot and injured leg so that it has been
swollen ever since. A. V., Baldwin,
Mich—Give her a teaspoonful of pow.
dered nitrate of potash, a teaspoonful
of powdered rosin and a teaspoonful
of powdered but-hu leaves at a dose
three times a day and apply one part
alcohol and two parts warm water to
swollen leg twice a day.

Stifle Cap Slips Out of Place—I
would like to have you give me a cure
for my colt; his stifle seems to slip
out when in stable and when obliged
to move over in stable, he appears as
if his foot was fastened to floor, and
after moving about a few seconds, the
cap slips into place with a sort of
jerk, then he moves all right. J. G.,
Gratiot CO., Mich—«Clip hair off stifle
and apply one part powdered can-
tharides and six parts fresh lard ev-
ery ten days and he will get all right.

Stones in Third Stomach—One of
my cows died a few days ago which
we treated for indigestion, but after
death I cut her open and found a
large number of stones in the third
stomach which we supposed might
have caused her death. L. V. 1., Rich-
mond, Mich—The foreign bodies
found in stomach doubtless caused her
death and in order to dislodge them

 

from other cow, if she has any, give :

her either epsom salts or raw linseed
oil.

E. K. L., Vicksburg, Mich—The
food and water supply of your COWS
is doubtless causing them to give less
milk and of poorer quality; therefore,
you had better change their food sup-
ply and perhaps their water supply.

Swollen Scrotum.——I have a ten-
weeks-old pig that was castrated five
weeks ago that has large bunch in
scrotum which I thought full of water,
but when lanced very little fluid ran
out. F. R., Marion, Mich—Rub swell-
ing with spirits of camphor twice a
day and give him 20 grs. of powdered
nitrate of potash at a dose twice a f

day.

 

 

 

L

The New-Day Car

The HUDSON Six-4O for 1915 is the
finest example you will find today of the
new-type high—grade car. Go see how
many advances it shows over the cars
you know.

Howard E. Coffin was the chief
designer. The whole Hudson corps of
48 engineers have devoted four years to
this model. Since last year they have
added 31 new features. Now it shows
you in finished form the ideal coming car.

The Advances

The greatest late—year advance in
motor construction has been the adoption
of Sixes. That means continuous power.
HUDSON engineers have done-most to
this end by making the Six economical.

They have made it light. This new
HUDSON Six-40 weighs 2,890 pounds.
Old-type cars of this power and capacity
weighed around 4,000 pounds. We save
you this difference, yet this car has
proved itself one of the staunchest
cars built.

A new-type motor used in the
HUDSON has reduced fuel cost about

30 per cent under old—time averages.

The new—style streamline body is here
brought to perfection. And here are
many new refinements, new ideas in
equipment, new comforts and conven-

iences. Some of the best HUDSON

features are not yet found in any other

car.
The New Price

This car also sets a new price standard
for high—grade cars. Last year’s model
sold for $1,750. This year, to meet the
demand, we shall build three times as
many. New this new model with 31
improvements is sold for $1,550, because
of this trebled output.

There is no reason now, if you pay over
$1,200, for not having a quality Six.

End of Over-Tax
This new HUDSON Six marks the

end of over-tax. This lightness reduces
tire cost immensely. This new-type
motor brings down fuel cost. And the
price is the lowest ever quoted on a car

of the HUDSON class.

Go see what all these new things
mean before you buy a car.

Hudson dealers arei'everywhere.
New catalog on request.

 

 

Some 1915 Features

A perfect streamline body.

Disappearing tonneau seats.

Invisible hinges ———hand — buffed
leather upholstery.

Gasoline tank in dash. Tires car-
ried ahead of front door.

“One-Man” top with quick-ad-
justing curtains.

Dimming searchlights.

Simplified starting, lighting and
ignition system.

Wiring in metal conduits.

Locked ignition and lights.

New spedometer drive.

Automatic spark advance.

N ew—method carburetion.

Trunk rack on back.

 

 

 

FHUDSON Six=40 for 1915
$1,550

This
Year

This Phaeton body with room for seven, $1,550 f. o. b. Detroit.

 
 
 
 

NIH/7W,"

“pr [In/l...
__

 

Standard Roadster same price.

 

 

HUDSON MOTOR CAR CO., 8102 Jefferson Ave., DETROIT, MlCH.

(16-1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

6c 10!- 10 Hours

 

 

THE BATES ALL-STEEL OlL TRACTOR.

 

 

Mr. C. Cratsenberg, Ithaca, Mich., and his Tractor.
The Bates Oil Tractors are manufactured in two sizes. 15 H. P. and 30 H. P.
Their weights are 5000 and 8000 pounds, respectively.
them suitable for harrowing and discing. They won’t pack the soil. From 60
to 70 acres can be harrowed in a single day with a 30 H. P. tractor.

ANOTHER FEATURE,

the plows can be directly connected to the'engine so to back into the very corner
of the field and plow every foot of ground without the aid of horses.
tractor can be used for filling silos, husking corn, grinding feed, in fact all kinds
of power work. ' Write today for catalog.

   
 

alcohol or gasoline. Only three

   

  

have patent throttle giving three en-
gines in one; force-feed oilcr; auto-
mobile type muffler; bull-bearing
governor adjustable while run-
ning npd other exclusive features.
ARE US PROVE IT—
Every engine sent on 80 days' ap-
provul.10-ycar Guarantee. Special
factory prices on all sizes. Thon-
anmis ol’sntisficd users. Write for
big new 1914 catalog and special

RUN 0N KEROSEN E

Ellis Engines develop more power on chea lam

oil than other engines do on high-priced gagollnex.’
Will also operate successfully on distillate, petrol.
working parts.

  
      
   
   
   
   
     

The lightweight makes "ester

   

discount prices.

We Pay Freight.
II.

US ENGINE (10.. 110 Mullet! St. Beiroll.llch.

 
     

' w.———_T—

. HARVEST!!! with binder nt-
tachment, cuts and throws In
files on harvester or winrows.

an and horse cut and shock
equal to a corn binder Sold in
every state Price only sec 00

with fodder binder. J. D. Borne, Haawell, Colo. , writes:
Your corn harvester! 3 II lyou olnlm lorl t gout. lied
Ind phoqkod 83 cores mllo. can. and corn lutyou."
estimonials and catalog free. ahowm pictures of hnr‘
. Address PROCESI INLC .. Dalian: KIM.

, PUMP GRIND SAW 3:356:
Wood Mills are Bert. Engines are Simple

Food Grinders. Saw
I’m-u. Stool Tub

CATALOGUE I‘ll!
AOINTI WAN TID

   
 

  

The Bates

185 nun or.

"Mulch. Ind

 

 

 

 

BATES TRACTOR CO., 400 Bates St.. Lansing, Michigan.

 

3;;