 

The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.

VOL. CXLIll.’NO. 10.
Whole Number 3799.

””1”?” %/ /

DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, SEPT. 5, 1914.

'/
¢
/
Z
a,
k/

\
\

50 CENTS A YEAR.
52 FOR 5 YEARS.

Making the Most of the Corn Crop.

T is one thing to raise a good crop

of corn and quite another to util-

ize it so that one gets the most
feeding value from it. From experi-
ence, I am convinced that the silo is
one of the most economical and satis-
factory adjuncts to live stock farming
that is to be had. Silage is far supe-
rior to stover or cornstalks for feed-
ing purposes and has many advan-
tages over the other methods of corn
harvesting. I have been told in afew
instances that it did not pay to make
corn into silage and that the silo was
a useless contrivance. I have seen
silos standing idle that should have
been doing valuable service and sav-
ing money for their owners—all this
has occurred through the improper
making and use of the silage.
Corn Nearly Matured Makes the Best

Silage.

When farmers ﬁrst began to use the
silo, they were advis-
ed that the corn
should be put in very
green. This resulted,
and still’ results, in a
very sour silage which
causes a severe diar-
rhea and this in turn
brings on other ail-
ments. I have heard
many diseases laid at
the door of the silo.
Many of them have .
been taken up again,
but we still hear
claims that silage-fed
cows are more suscep-
tible to tuberculosis,
that silage causes
abortion and a dozen
other dangerous dis-
eases.

Practical r e s u l t 8
show that corn must
not be too green to
make the best silage.

It has been recom-
mended for cutting all
the way from the tas-
seling stage to the
time when the stalks
are ripe and mature.
Dairymen and stock-
men who have had a_
great deal of experi-
ence say that ,corn
nearly mature makes
the mo st palatable
and satisfactory sil-
age. Just after the .
kernels are glazed over and commence
to harden, all of the plant food is stor-
ed in the ear; all that is left to do is
for the moisture to evaporate. “When
corn is about right for hand cutting,
it is also about right for silage,” is
the latest advice. The only difference
between the grain corn and the'silage
corn is that in the. one the moisture is
evaporated out of it, while in the oth-
er, we want the moisture to remain—
enough to moisten the mass thorough-
ly when placed in the silo.

In some sections of the state the
frost. gets into the corn ﬁeld before
the corn harvester does, Should this

occur, the corn harvester should be
busy in the ﬁeld the next day after
Jack Frost has been busy at night. If
the frosted corn is allowed to stand
a week or ten days, it becomes dry,
weathers and makes an unpalatable
silage, at the best. If the corn is so
dry that there is not enough moisture
to saturate the mass, water should be
added through the blower while the
corn is being cut up. This may be
added by a hose attached to a tank or
elevated barrel. It is claimed that
some of the best silage ever fed at the
Indiana station was made from corn
upon which most of the leaves were

'dry and all the water an inch hose

would carry was run into the blower
constantly during the ﬁlling.
Filling the Silo.
The greatest cost of the silage is in
the initial investment required to buy
a silo, corn binder, cutter, distributor,

It is almost a necessity that a few
farmers co-operate in their silo ﬁll-
ing. This reduces the cost per ton of
the silage after it is made. In re-
sponse to a query sent out by the Mis-
souri Experiment Station, over 300
farmers replied, stating that their sil-
age cost them from 231/2 cents to
$1.65 per ton, the average being about
60 cents a ton. This is much cheaper
than the corn could have been har-
vested by any other method. The
corn binder is quite an essential piede
of machinery for harvesting the corn
crop. If the crop is good and the
hauling distance not too great, at least
one day’s supply should be cut be-
fore the silo is to be ﬁlled. Then,
while the work is progressing, a man
keeps cutting and this keeps the corn
green all the time and none dries out.
In many localities, an engine from a
local threshing outﬁt may be hired for

day than was put through when a dif-
ferent man was on each job. This
makes quite a saving when one is
boarding from seven to ten men, so
they hire a feeder and pay him 25
cents an hour.

A point where so many amateur silo
owners make a mistake is in taking
the ears from the stalks. It has been
demonstrated that better results are
gotten where the whole corn silage is
fed than where just the leaves and
stalks are put into the silo and the
grain used separately. -

The most particular detail of silo
ﬁlling is to have the cut material well
distributed around inside the silo. Put
at least two good men inside, and
three are better. They should keep
the corn well distributed, have the
center a little higher than the outside
and keep tramping. This is the. all
important part. Each air space that

is left will be sur-

 
engine, etc., but we must bear in mind
that this investment is not for a sin-
gle year but is scattered over a great
many years, if the materials are hand-
led carefully. The investment in all
of these, if one man is to own and op-
erate them, is immense. This is im-
practical unless one has a large
acreage to put up. Professor Warren,
of Cornell, found in his investigations
that the average New York farm is
too highly capitalized with machinery
-——in other words, the valuation of the
machinery on the average farm is
higher.than it should be in proportion

,to the. size and value of the‘lagd. ‘

 
A Second Silo for Summer Feeding is a Valuable Aid in Making the Most of the Corn Crop.v

from eight to ten dollars per day, the
one whose silo is being ﬁlled to fur-
nish the coal and board the men.
There is another point in connec-
tion with ﬁlling the silo which has
some bearing upon the economy of
ﬁlling, i. e., that of feeding. A num-
ber of Nebraska farmers working to-
gether, kept accurate accounts of the
amount of Silage put through by var-
ious feeders and found that it was
more proﬁtable to hire a man to do
all the feeding than to have a new
man on the job each day. They found
that an experienced feeder would put
through one-third (more i-fodder .in , a

rounded by moldy sil-
age and so each air
space that is crowded
out will give just that
much more edible sil-
age.

After the silo has
been ﬁlled, some pre-
cautions are usually
taken to keep the top
from spoiling. Some
put wet straw through
the cutter until it is a
foot or more deep on
top of the silage; oth-
ers pack the top well
and then sow oats on
thickly. These soon
sprout and the root
growth quite effectual-
ly excludes the air.
Others put on several
inches of sawdust,
while still others
dump on a barrel of
salt, but the latest
idea of shutting out
the air from the top of
the 'silo is to run a.
half-inch layer of hot
pitch over the sur-
face. This excludes
the air and may be
broken up and laid
aside, for use next
year when the silo is
reﬁlled.

Feeding Silage.

How, when, and to
what animals silage should be fed,
are much mooted questions. To an~
swer them fully would require vol-
umes. I have seen good SWeet silage
fed to all classes of farm live stock
with no ill results attending. I have
heard speakers say that silage should
never be fed to horses or animals
with but a single stomach, but I have
seen horses ’come out in the spring in
ﬁne condition when' they were winter—
ed almost exclusively on corn silage.
A11 farm animals will eat it. It is a.
fairly good substitute for green" feed
for chickens, hogs relish it, and dairy-

 
,men cahnbt get along with‘but it.

 
182—2

Green and excessively sour silage
must be fed pretty caremlly if 'no
harm is to result, but silage made of
corn that is properly matured is pal-
atable and safe feed for all kinds of
stock.

The process of fermentation which
takes place in the silo changes some
of the unavailable materials in the
stalk and ears to available animal

been shown-to be true and hence it
lessens the food value of the"; corn

crop to take the ears off and feed

them separately.

Finally,‘never feed moldy or frozen
silage. Moldy silage is sometimes
poisonous and should be thrown
where stock cannot get it. Frozen sil-
age is all right after it thaws out, but
often causes a severe diarrhea if fed

food. No chemist has as yet been in the frozen state.
able to fully explain this, but it has Ingham Co. I. J. MATHEWS.
llIllllllHIIIIIllllilllllllllllllllllllIllllllIllIll!llllIllllllllIIIIIlillllHillllilliilllllillllllllllllliililllllilllllllIllllllllIllllllllllllllil|IIlillﬂllliiiilllllilliiiliilllIIIlillil||llmililllliliHllllliiilliﬂlliﬂlIliilIlllliliilllilllllllllllllll

A Michigan Potato. Tour.

ologists, college men and coun-

ty agricultural advisors has
been making a rapid survey of condi-
tions in some potato growing sections
of Michigan, in continuance of work
that started in the New England
states and will be carried on later in
Minnesota, Wisconsin and elsewhere.
l’otato diseases, types and general
conditions as affecting the problem of
clean and pure-bred seed for the
southern trade and elsewhere are be-
ing studied and copious ﬁeld notes are
taken by the men as they proceed
from section to section. General re-
sults will be summarized when the
tour is completed and the states, or
parts of states, having the best rec-
ord no doubt will profit by the recom-
mendations that will follow.

Two scientists from abroad accom-
pany the party and are lending aid in
the investigations. They are Miss Jo-
hanna Westerdyk, of Amsterdam, Hol-
land, leading plant pathologist of The
Netherlands, who comes to America
from research work in Japan, Java,
Sumatra and other countries, and is
making a world tour in the interests
of her country. The other member
is Dr. I. C. Appel, of Berlin, Germany,
head of biological work there and with
international reputation as a special-
ist in potato and plant diseases. Oth-
or members include Dr. W. A. Orton,
of W'ashjngton, chief of truck and
cotton plant diseases; Dr. Wm. Stuart.
of Washington, secretary of the Na-
tional Potato Association; ’I‘. C. John.
son, of Norfolk, Va., director of the Vir-
ginia Truck Experiment Station; E. S.
Brigham, of St. Alhans, Vt.,,commis-
sioner of agriculture; W. J. Morse, of
Orono, Me., director of Maine Experia
ment Station. '

This party entered the state at Port
Huron and after a short tour of St.
Clair county, where the pioneer organ-
ization of potato growers is located,
came on to Grand Rapids, August 16.
Here they were met by Dr. Eben
Mumford, of East Lansing, head of
federal farm bureau work in Michi-
gan, and the following district and
county agents: J. F. Zimmer, of Man-
istee; J. W. Chapin, of Branch: C. B.
Cook, of Allegan; E. P. Robinson, of
Saginaw; H. P. Blandford, of Neway-
go, and J. H. Skinner, of Kent; Dr. E.
A. Bessey, and G. H. Coons, of the
botanical department of M. A. C., and
C. W. \Vaid, extension worker, M.
A. C. .

The automobile trip through Kent
and Montcalm counties which was
taken the following day was arranged
for by J. H. Skinner, of Kent county,
and was carried through smoothly
without a hitch. Donors of the ma-
chines for the 100-mile drive included
O. W. Braman, a prominent fruit
grower of Grand Rapids; J. P. Mun-
:on, president of the Michigan State
Horticultural Society; Irving Wood-
worth, owner of a large farm north of
the city, and Carl \Viley, of Reed &
Cheney, sales agents for the Grand
Rapids Greenhouse Co. Others ac-
companying the party were C. Huns-
berger, a leading farmer of Kent coun-
ty; W. K. Plumb; secretary Grand
Rapid Association of Commerce, and
Paul leake, of the Greater Michigan
Fair Association. Five machines and
24 people comprised the party which
left Grand Rapids early Monday morn-
ing, with County Agent Skinner as

l

a NOTABLE group of plant path-

pathﬁnder. The tourists proceeded
north to Rockford, thence easterly to
Greenville, where luncheon was eaten‘.
Here the party was joined by County
Agent Blandford, of Newaygo; J. J.
Bale, of Lakeview, and others, and
there were seven cars in line on the
afternoon trip through potato growing
sections of Montcalm county. Mr. Bale
was the guide during this part of the
’journey. Grand Rapids was reached
again inithe evening, where the mem-
bers of the party from outside the
state, with some of the state college
men, left on the night boat train for

Milwaukee, on their way to the upper '

peninsula.

The Kent-Montcalm tour was one of
a few hours only and the glimpses
taken were ﬂeeting and incomplete,
yet every moment of time was im-
proved. Investigations were conﬁned
almost wholly to potatoes, though an
exception or two was made in the
case of bean ﬁelds where yellowed
and dying plants was diagnosed by the
experts as bacterial blight. No an-
‘thracnose "was found.

Since 15 or more potato ﬁelds were
visited and in most cases the owners
were not there so that speciﬁc infor-
mation was lacking as to varieties,
methods of fertilization, spraying,
time of planting, etc. One of the
pleasant revelations was the way the
pine lands in the vicinity of Trufant
have been cleared up and made hand-
somely productive farms by the thrifty
Danish people. No signs remain of
the pine timber but the stump fences
and some of the best potato ﬁelds vis-
ited were on the farms of Mr. Johnson
and of Mr. Peterson in this section.
A prolonged drouth was affecting this
Section at the time, but with rains in
due season these light lands will pro-
duce around 300 bushels of tubers per
acre this season.

Potato Diseases that were Found.

In general, the crops everywhere
were looking good, and no diseases of
an ugly nature were found. Of course,
with so many plant doctors in the
party, and all of them looking for
trouble, armed and equipped with
knives, microscopes and sharpened
senses, some diseases were discover-
ed, and the specimens were taken
along for further use. For example,
rhizoctonia was found and one of the
experts was heard to assert that a po-
tato ﬁeld anywhere without some
traces of this genus of fungi Would be
rare indeed. The outward sign of the
trouble is a small and spindling plant
or hill, and on pulling it up an inves-
tigation shows that the parasite has
attacked the stem at orjust below the
surface, destroying bark in whole or
in part, and often cutting off tuber
stems. Small hard knots of mycelium,
known as sclerotia, were also found on
tubers. Sclerotia is a later stage of
the disease and is nature’s provision
to carry over the fungus into succeed-
ing years. This trouble infects soils
also, and the remedy is .to use clean
seed, treating infected seed the same
as for scab, and long rotation of crops.
Dr. Orton stated that rhizoctonia
would give no trouble in a seven-year
rotation.

Fusarium was also found in some
places, the ﬁrst symptoms being light
green foliage, especially the lower
leaves, with partial wilting or rolling.
This is a fungus trouble also, and
cross sections of the main root ofthe

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

   
plant near the woody part are of a

brownish color. The fungus also'pass-

es into the tuber at the stem end for
some distance. This trouble is trace

able to infected seed and to “potato

sick” soils.

Then there were signs of early
blight in some ﬁelds and one case was
diagnosed as “curly dwarf.” No late
blight was found, the season being
early‘ as yet for its development.
Plenty of signs were found of Paris
green injury to foliage in spraying.
The bugs have been unusually thick
this season and the spray dope has
been applied pretty strong.

Criticisms Offered.

Some ﬁelds were found where varie-
ties were badly mixed and where the
stands were poor. These faults rather
than diseases, seemed to be criticized
most by the experts. The check-row
system of planting, with hills three
feet apart, was also questioned by the
visitors, on the theory that you are
not getting half the yield that you
might have, because only half the
land is working. Some of the growers
defended this practice, since the cul-
tivation'both ways does away with
hand hoeing in keeping out weeds, and
also stirs the ground on all sides of
the hill. Montcalm county growers
are planting the Late Petoskeys quite
extensively and some large ﬁelds of
this variety were visited. The Petos-
key is not so white as some other
kinds, but is an ideal potato in other
respects. It developed that not many
of the farmers of this section are
treating their seed potatoes and yet
comparatively little trouble is report-
ed from scab. Little spraying is done
with Bordeaux, and some of the ex-
perts questioned this non-use of the
blight-preventive, saying that it pays
to spray even should there be no
blight because of prolonged life of the
foliage.

Michiga'n Honored as Potato State.

No “black leg,” and, of course, no
powdery scab; or other terrifying dis-
ease, was found. Michigan growers
are just beginning to think about the
southern seed trade and have not eat-
ered to this demand heretofore. The
varieties required, purity of type and
freedom from disease, will be given
more attention in the future. It is
complimentary to Michigan that these
experts have elected tqpome. here and
to give the growers here a fair show,
in competition with other ideal potato
growing states, for the seed business
of the United States and possibly of
lands across seas. Experts, are tak-
ing their notes with pen and ink, in
each potato ﬁeld, and are trying to
give each section and every state a
square deal.

Michigan has been further honored
by selection as the meeting place of
the National Potato Association, which
will convene jointly with the Michi-
gan State‘ Potato Association, Decem-
ber 2—3, in Lansing. Local associations
of potato growers, afﬁliated with the
state body, have been formed recently
in Branch, Newaygo and other coun‘
ties. St. Clair county has been organ-
ized for many months, under direction
of County Agent Crandall, and is spe-
cializing in potato culture by planting
several carloads of imported seed of
two varieties, an early and a late type.
Houghton county has organized, under
leadership of Leo F. Geismar and the
growers there are planting pure seed,
largely Sir Walter Raleighs. Menom-
inee will hold a “potato congress” on
October 21-23, open to the entire up-
per peninsula, with prizes aggregat-
ing upwards of. $500 for best exhibits.
The Commercial Club of that city is
promoting the potato meet and hopes
to make Menominee the tuber center
of Michigan.

Kent Co. ALMOND .GRIFFEN.

 
LILLIE ,FARMSTEAD NOTES.

The splendid rain on'August 10 and
then again on. August 15, has improv-
ed crop conditions in this vicinity very
material/137...“.Cgo‘rn, alfalfa, beets, pas-

 
” , . SEPT. 5, 1914'. p ‘

ture’,~ new“ "seeding, potatoes," and, in

fact, all_ unmatured‘ICrOpsneeded rain -.
quite badly. Had the drouth contin- *

ued as late as it did last year, corn

-and potatoes, it would seem, would

have been well nigh ruined. I never
saw the corn crop improve so rapidly
in August as it has since the rain of
the tenth. It is simply miraculous.
And alfalfa, one can almost see it
grow. With no severe early frosts a
fair corn crop is practically assured.
It is somewhat spotted, owing to un-
favorable conditions early in the sea-
son, but I predict the greatest corn
ears on record.
Fertilizing Alfalfa.

Just as soon as the second cutting
of alfalfa was safely in the barn, I
started the drill and sowed 400 pounds
of 9:3 fertilizer per acre. We fertiliz-
ed the entire 30 acres that we now.
have seeded to alfalfa. Eight acres
has been seeded several years. Sev-
enteen acres was seeded a year ago
last spring. Besides, we have top-
dressed with stable manure that has
accumulated during the summer near—
ly all of the 17 acres that was seeded
last year. Here is where a manure
spreader pays big. One can not
spread manure by hand and do a

ﬁrst-class job in top-dressing mead-V

ows. We have two Spreaders and by

using three horses and having a man '

load we got along pretty well, but it
takes a lot of time to haul out any
amount of manure. It costs a. lot of
money. We had to lay off to do part
of the threshing and now the alfalfa
is so large I shall 'wait till the third
crop is harvested before we ﬁnish the
job. The wheels of the spreader will
crush a lot of the tender plants that
are growing rapidly. One man and
team applied the fertilizer on the
whole 30 acres in less than half the
time it took for. two men and two
Spreaders to apply the manure on
about 12 or 13 acres.

We had to fairly coax our thresher
to come and thresh so we could have
some .seed wheat to ﬁll orders. He
got started in a neighborhood and the
people wanted him to stay and ﬁnish
before he left. We simply had to have
some wheat threshed and so he came,
and has done about half the job and
gone. There is no hurry about the
balance, as I am in no hurry to sell
wheat this year. The prospectsfor
better prices ‘look good to me, yet one
can never tell. ’ _

As near as we can estimate, just
about half of the wheat is threshed
and if so we will have over 2,000 bush-
els, for we have 1,044 bushels thresh-
ed. Our oats yielded 63 bushels per
acre and they are of ﬁne quality. Oats
and peas are not threshed but they
are a poor crop. They are light and
chaffy, besides the army worm de-
stroyed some.

 
ERADICATING QUACK GRASS.

 
Will vetch kill quack grass? If not,
do you know any plant that will?
Also, what is the best commercial fer-
tilizer to use for alfalfa? I have near-
ly an acre of alfalfa growing and I
wish to increase its growth. I also
have a little over an acre of land
with spots of quack. I wish to get

rid of it.

Oakland Co. T. C. W.

We believe there is little hope of
subduing the quack grass by the use
of any crop which is depended upon
to crowd it out or smother it. We do
not believe that vetch would accom-
plish this result, especially where it
had not been previously grown, and
where the soil might not be well in-
oculated with the bacteria peculiar to
the plant. Some experiments have
been made in other localities in the
use of .hemp as a crop for subduin'g
quack grass, but nothing ofﬁcial in
the way of results s'ecured is obtain-
able at this date. The best way to
get rid of quack grass is to keep it so
thoroughly cultivated as to give it no
opportunity to make a growth above
ground. On small areas it may be

Covered with tarred paper and smoth-
ered' out in this manner. . '

ﬂ.-

 
'— W.“~MW—,L .._\.. a.

 
SEPT. 5, 1914.

Cement Block Constru'ction'for Barns.

 
TH‘EV MICHIGAN FARMER

I want to build a barn 40x80 ft., with full. basement for stock, and with

driveway, mews, etc., on the ground ﬂoor.

Would it be advisable to build

a barn of this kind out of cement blocks all the way up to the rafters,
or would dampness penetrate through them ?"Would like to hear from some
one who has considered this kind of barn bu11dmg-—0. T-, Montcalm Co.

sively used in the construction
of dairy barns as well as in
general-purpose barns. If the blocks
are properly made and laid, the wall
will be water-tight. Block should be
made from concrete mixed in the pro-
portions of one sack of Portland ce-
ment to two and one-half cubic feet
of clean, coarse sand, graded in size
up to a quarter inch, to four cubic
feet of hard, durable gravel or broken
stone, varying in size from one-quarter
inch up to one inch. The mixture
should be made as wet as the machine
will permit. Although a somewhat
dry mixture is required in the usual
block machine on account of the nec-
essity of immediately removing the
block from the mold, the average
block maker does not use as “quaky”
a mixture as he can. To use a very
dry mixture is quick and easy; a little
more time and care make better
block. Very careful attention should-
be given to curing blocks and if possi-
ble, arrangements should be made to
cure them by steam.
The prevalent belief that concrete
block walls are not water—tight is
largely chargeable to carelessness in

CEMENT blocks are now exten—

metal lath with concrete plastered on
is more waterproof and gives better
architectural appearance in the block
walls thanotherwise. By all means
reinforce the walls with either block
or solid concrete pilaster work. These
relieve the monotony of the block
walls and support the roof. If Mr.
Thompson will make me a visit I
think he will see some features of
concrete barn construction that will
enable him to construct his proposed
barn to advantage.

Shiawassee Co. J. N. MCBRIDE.

SMUTTY WHEAT.

The local millers complain that much
of thewheat brought in to be ground
is very smutty this season. Many
farmers in this section are in the hab-
it of having their wheat recleaned for
seed at the ﬂour mills. If the wheat
recleaned in this way is not already
infected with smut, it will become so
infected because of smutty wheat be-
ing taken in and ground, almost daily,
at these mills. For this reason it will
pay every farmer, (especially in this
vicinity), to treat his wheat before
sowing, which is very simple and in

 
The Cost of Silo Filling is Reduced by Employing an Experienced Feeder.

 
laying blocks in the wall. Blocks
should be laid up with cement mortar
mixed in the proportion of one sack
of Portland cement to two cubic feet
of clean sand. Hydrated lime to an
amount not exceeding 10 per cent of
the weight of the cement may be ad-
ded to make the mortar work easier.
Sometimes a concrete block wall is
blamed for permeability when the real
trouble is condensation of moisture
upon the interior, caused by imperfect
ventilation. In dairy barns especially,
a large amount of vapor is given off
with the animals’ breath, and if prop-
er ventilation is not provided this va-
por condenses upon coming in contact
with the cooler concrete surface,
whereas in the case of a frame struc-
ture the vapor is absorbed by the
wood’and although not noticeable to
the eye, results in an unsanitary con-
dition.

Illinois. H. H. RICE.

Michigan Experience.

In answer to Mr. Thompson, would
say that the surface basement as com-
pared to the sub-surface 'is in every
way desirable and made possible by
means of concrete and modern haying
machinery. I would not advise the
blocks in the gables but would use
frame work and lumber siding for sev-
eral reasons, particularly the cost and
moisture penetration. If concrete work

. is desired in the gables, expanded

expensive, as the cost is not much
more than one cent per bushel.

I will give my method of treating
smutty grain. Sweep off a place per-
fectly clean on the barn ﬂoor or in
the granary, (if there is room), then
spread the grain about 10 or 12 inches
thick on the ﬂoor. Next take a com-
mon watering pot or sprinkler, and
put in two large tablespoons of forma-
lin to each gallon of water that the
sprinkler will hold, then pour in the
water which will thoroughly mix the
two together. Walk over the grain
and continue to sprinkle the compound
until the top of the grain is wet. Then
shovel the grain over and continue to
sprinkle and shovel over the grain until
it all seems quite wet. One-half gai-
lon of the compound is usually sufﬁ-
cient for one bushel of grain. If very
smutty it will do no harm to put on
more. After treating it is a good plan
to cover the grain with some old
blankets for a few hours. It is gener-
ally necessary to shovel the grain ov-
er some to get it dry before sowing.
The formalin and water can be mixed
in a pail and an old broom with the
handle ‘cut off short, can be used to
sprinkle on the compound instead of
a sprinkling pot, but I like a sprink-
ling pot best. It only takes a couple
of hours to treat 25 or 30 bushels of
grain, and it always pays where there
is any smut. JOHN Jackson

 
nit

 
OUT THE COST OF PLOWING

By Usiné Flying Dutchman Acme Shares

No matter whether you use Walking, Sulky, Gang or Engine Plows, Flying
Dutchman Acme Steel Shares will greatly reduce the cost of your plowing

These can be kept as hard and sharp as new during their entire life.

Sharp shares run easy—insure a bigger day's work—hard shares stay sharp
longer—cause less delays. ., .

The farmer himself can reharden Flying Dutchman
Shares with the manufacturer’s positive guarantee that they
will not break in the ﬁre or in the ﬁeld. .

No other share has such a guarantee.

No other share has such quality in it.

N 0 other share can be successfully retempered after the
ﬁrst sharpening.

By holdin a hard, sharp, keen cutting edge, Flyiné
Dutchman cme Shares make plowing easier—save
horse ﬂesh—save time—they actually save money

Flying Dutchman Acme Shares are used only on
plows manufactured by the Moline Plow Co.

The Best Ever Plow

which is the best built, lightest draft, best balanced and easiest operated plow on the
market, is equipped with Flying Dutchman Acme Shares and is giving ex.
cellent service everywhere.
Ask your Flying Dutchman Dealer about Best Ever Flows
and Flying Dutchman Acme Shares.
‘ Write us today for FREE ILLUSTRATED BOOKLETS.

Moline Plow Co.

Dept. 26, Moline, III.

THE NILES IRON & STEEL ROOFING CO.

WORLD’S BEST ROOFING

 
Any farmer can easily
temper Flytnd Dutch-
man Acme Shares.

 
We are Manufacturers of Galvanized and Painted Steel Roofing.

If you buy direct from us you save the jobber’s proﬁt and at the same time you receive new, bright, clean roofing.

OUR GALVANIZED ROOFING
Is TIGHT COATED, the galvanized metal being
evenly spread so that every inch of the roofing is
covered in such a uniform way that makes our
rooting positively non-corrosive.
OUR PAINTED ROOFING
ls made from the black sheets, each sheet, being
washed and thoroughly cleansed and painted both
sides with the very best metallic red paint.
FOR THIRTY YEARS
we have been manufacturing galvanized rooﬁng

in all the diﬁerent styles We have maintained the Write us today for our FREE CATALOGUE
standard of quality all these years which is known

to the users of galvanized rooting as and prices. Satisfaction GUARANTEED.

THE NILES IRON AND STEEL ROOFING COMPANY, NILES, OHIO

THE WORLD’S BEST ROOFING

We believe it is to your interest to use our rooting
for many reasons. First, our rooting is

PROOF AGAINST FIRE. WIND, LIGHTN.

ING AND RAIN

This alone is worthy of your consideration. It is
much cheaper than slate or shingles, and will give
better satisfaction than any other kind of rooting
you can possibly buy.

 
tif‘
SEND FOR BOOK
“The Soil and
Intensive
Tillage”

This Engine Harrow Has Made Good

 
If you want an engine harrow that has re-
peatedly withstood abuse far greater than what you
' are likely ever to give it..and one which does unsur-
"7--'._/ ,g k passedlygood work inevery respect, then the

011122147?

Double Action Engine Harrow ‘ l
. is the one for you to buy. Ask the
CUTAWAY dealer in your town to show you a
._ CUTAWAY(CLARK)harrOW. If wehave no dealer
t: ,1 there, write direct to us for catalog. Don’t accept a substitute.
UTAWAY HARROW COMPANY. 992 Main St.. HIGGANUM. CONNECTICUT

linker of the original CLARK Dis/c barrow: and plow:

    
Use NATCO Drain Tile—Last Forever

Farm drainage needs durable tile. Our drain tile are made of
best Ohio clay. thoroughly bud burned. Don’t have to dig ’em up
to be replaced every few years. Write for prices, Sold in carload
lots. Also manufacturers of the famous NATCO IMPERISH-
ABLE SILO, Natco Building Tile and Natco Sewer Pipe.

NATIONAL FIRE PROOF ING COMPANY, Fulton Building, PITTSBURGH, PA.

 
. When Writing to advertisers please mention The Michigan Farmer.

 
’ \

T HEMI C 1H 10 A N . FA‘ R’M ER".

 
SEPT. 5, 1914. * -

 
Timothy. Red Clover-
,Alsgke and Alfalfa,

   
ii’ilt Up in Handy Bushel
' and Half - Bushel

  
Machine
Sewed BAG S . . buyyini 19:?
comes in YDII Disan, seed I e) a n , tested
guaran-
lhadulisraiad, teed p mi ty and
TOSEOd- strong germination and
'0 EXTRA know that you get it just

  
GilliiiE
F

  
not been tampered with
mark protects you fully.

Look for
this Trade.

Mark on
every sack

  
Alfalfa,
others ask for ordin
So why take chances?

bulk

on can get

glad to tell you how .
rite for them.

paid. Samples free.

unmand'aelimdﬂmsm
mum-W

    
as it left the re-cleaner. . . ,
The un-opened machine sewed sacks assure you that it has

 
Meets the requirements of state laws. You pay no more, quality con-
sidered, for Purisco Tnnotliy Seed put up in_one bushel sewed sacks or for P
Alsylre or lied Clover Seed put up man:

any failures to “get a catch” are due to poor seed.
Why buy seed from a neighbor who is not equipped to clean seed properly?
Why buy seed carried by the dealer in open sacks exposed to adulteration?
Why not buy seed you know is pure,why not sow the seed you how will grow.

ASK YDDII DEALER FDIi PDIIISDD SEEDS

If he has none in stock, send us his name and we
them quickly,

THE ILLINOIS SEED 00. | 523 ”mshghloag‘o

ad bushel and half-bushel sacks, than
seeds of doubtful purity and unknown quality.

since it was packed and this trade

'l’inolhy 991} 95 Pure
led Glover 99% Pure
- Make 90% Pure
Alfalfa
”Hi I’m

  
as
a shallow box containi

a bed. of our ﬁeld 51'“;
SeePuris o ésds me

e ﬁr? Ie of

THE“.

will be
freight

   
A .

m

For pamphlets worth
having write ..............

L E

Pulverized magnesian lime rock, for "sour" soils.
Write for LOW Bummer Prices direct to you from
Muskegon and Benton Harbor, Michigan. _

E SHORE STONE 00.. Milwaukee, Wis.

LAK
———You should get the highest grade
of limestone manufactured. Buy
it upon the basis of analysis. We
manufacture the highest ﬁade pul-

verized limestone sold In ichigan.
Let us prove it. Ask for sample and analysis.

CAMPBELL STONE 00.. Indian River. Mich.

Potato Crates“;

Price of 25 I00

Nailed ........................ $3.50 ”2.50

Flat 2.90 “.00
F. 0. B. can here. Terms. cash.

M. H. HUNT & SON Lansing, Mich.

SWEET SEED. pure white and biennial

yellow. Prices and Circular how

‘ . E
CLOVER sees: teases recesses?

PULVERIZEI) LIMESTONE

Extra Quality—Quick Service—Attractive Price.
D O. MARKLEY,
Grand Rapids. Mich.

 
I
5120
[00

862 Division Ave. S.

Pedigreed Seed Wheat.

Bred by “In Michigan igriculiural Billings.

Highest yielding of several hundred varieties
and selections. $2 per bushel for well cleaned
seed, sacks free. Address
SECRETARY MICHIGAN EXPERIMENT ASSN..

East Lansing, Michigan.

ROSEN RYE.

A new 'rye bred by the Michigan Agricultural
Colle e from a. Russian importation, The heads are
well ﬁlled and the yield much larger than from the
cgmmign Kaii'ietiols‘. fWei Addres

or us 9 , sac s ree. s
sSECRETARY MICHIGAN EXPERIMENT ASSN..
East using. Michigan.

SEED WHEAT.

GOEING WHEAT—A bearded variety of red
wheat. Splendid yields, very hardy, stiﬂ straw.
never lodges. The best wheat I ever grew. Send
for sample and prices. _

COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersville, Michigan.

PURE FIELD SEEDS

Seed Wheat—died Wave and Winter King; 010.79,.
Timothy, Alsike. Alfalfa and all kinds of ure
Field Seeds direct from producer to consumer; tree
from noxious weeds. Ask for qampleg. BIG TYPE
Poland Ohinas. March and April piss at reasonable
prices. A. HOYT & 00.. FOSTORIA. OHIO.

 
‘ Seed Wheat. Heavy yielder. Recle d
60” com by farm power mil]. 81.45 bu. Basset seaside
free. Munoytown Stock Farm. Flat Rock, Mich.

 
Mention the Michigan Farmer
when writing to adveriiaera.

50 used for 30 years.

B. HAMMOND, FishkilI-nn-Hudson, New Yor

l cleaned seed for sale at ,

 
i

l mg with H ammond’s Slug Shot

SOLD BY ALL SEED DEALERS.

haple Syrup Makers

You got EFFICIENCY and SERVICE in our

Champion Evaporator. »
Quick work. fuel saving, “4.7-.
durability and BEST ~
0 U A L I T Y

  
of
SYRUP. Write us
for Catalogue.
Champion

Evaporator
Co.. Makers
Hudson, 0.

POTATO

‘

 
Disease

The American Lino

Two styles—three sizes.
J. at»! construc-

 
IIEIICII mm Um! “I’m. M I05 ”IIDIII. IID

Bushel Grates

Made from Elm Timber.

Knocked Down or Nailed Up

 
Nail them yourself.
Save Money.
Large or small orders
receive prompt attention.
Slrulhm ﬂoopcrage Co.
Romeo. Michigan.

 
LILLIE’S SPECIAL BRANDS

BUFFALD FERTILIZER

Made from best material. Always reliable.
Lime. Potash, Acid Phosphate, Nitrate of Soda.
Agonts wanted in unoccupied territory. Ship di-
rest to farmers in cariots. Fertilizer questions
answered and farm soil surveys made on request.

Colon C. Lillie, Sales Agt.. Coopersvillc, Mich.

 
. .
I rIE PROO 1" OF
, 3.1 , " r ‘
THE. .2. AY PRESS
is its Capacity—Earning Power.
SPENCER HAY PRESS Catalogues makegroat
and definite claims proven by the press in action
or no solo. Nature of contract protects you. Covers
every claim bg actual figures. More tons per hour
sranteed t an by any other , Write

rso press. same size bale. Right
Bend for new Catalogue ‘

J. A. SPENCER .

 
4 Dwight, Illinois
swam-mm viii: eon
hervestercutsandthpwsin

_:T"‘ “2—7;.
Bl" ”E rows. Hanandhoneeotapd
shock ewe! with a corn bin-
der. Soldin every state. Priceonlysal‘ Withtodderbinder.
3-”.- “W-Hasnmedizmx, i. ‘l'wzrm'm
or a a a m or - a an a o
gammy?" °uno _ inc .v- -"l‘eetimoma' band
catalog free, showing pictures of harvester.
FROG!” IANWAQ‘I‘UIIIIG 00.. Celine. Kane-0.

THE SMALL FORCING HOUSE.

Many who would like to experiment
in raising early vegetables for the
home market are kept from so doing
by the item of expense. This, how-
ever, need not be prohibitive, since
in the hothouse business a. small start
is usually essential to success. It is
to be questioned whether, without ex-
perience, one may advantageously
make a beginning with a forcing house
larger than 20x50 feet. As in the poul-
try business, it is safer to expand
one’s operations as one gains experi-
once.

A hothouse of this size can be had
for about $400. This will include the
cost of foundation, labor, and so on.
One who has gone Into this matter
very carefully told the writer that it
is better to purchase such a house all
ready for erection than to have it
built to one’s own speciﬁcations and
by such labor as may be available. He
has found that it will cost less in the
long run and that one will have a
house which will give longer service.
The reason for this is that a structure
of this kind demands so much work of
a. special nature and so many odd
sizes in all the ﬁttings, pipings, braces
and other materials, that it is a saving

. of time, trouble—and consequently ex-

Cabbage Worms Destroyed by Dust-

pense—to have the complete building
delivered at one’s door all ready for
putting together.

A hothouse, 20x50 feet in size, will

g

g o E
Horticulture.
ﬁllliliiilillllllililllllllmllllllilllilllllllIﬂllilllllﬁlllillllllllllllllllIllllllllilllillllIllilllllllllllIllllllllllllIIllllllllllliillllllllilllllilﬂlIIll|I|i1mill!llillillliliiilllI[lllllllllHilllllllllllllllliilﬂllllllIllllllllllllllllliliiglé

TROU BLE DEPA‘RTM ENT.

 
Peach Scab.

What are the black spots about the
size of a. pin head that we ﬁnd on our
peaches frequently, and what can we
do to prevent them another year?

SUBSCRIBER.

The black spots referred to are very
likely the peach spot, or peach scab,
which can in a way be likened to the
scab of the apple. Like that disease
it s a fungous trouble and the causes
for its development are. similar. Damp,
hot, murky Weather, and any condi-
tion involving dampness and heat, are
favorable to the development of all
fungous troubles.

The scab on the peach, of course,
detracts from the appearance of the
fruit and hurts its sale on the regular
market. Often when fruit is not good
enough for such sale, growers seek the
canning factories as an outlet for
their fruit. However, scabby fruit for
this purpose is entirely out of the
question. The canners use a. chemi-
cal process for peeling the peaches,
which works very well except on the
scab spots. It apparently has no ef—
fect on these spots and therefore the
cancers are particular about getting
fruit free from scab.

This scab can be controlled by
spraying with self-boiled lime-sulhpur.
This spray is made by slaking eight
pounds of lime and adding eight

pounds of sulphur to the lime while it
is slaking. Enough water, of course,

 
Forcing House, 20x50 Feet, has

grow enough plants to keep the nov-
ice busy. Five thousand tomato plants
can be raised without crowding. To-
mato seed sown in the latter part of
February will produce plants bearing
small tomatoes ready to be set out
from the tenth to the middle of May.
Ripe tomatoes may be marketed by
June 20. Early cabbage and cauli-
flower are both good forcing crops,
but the beginner will probably get
larger returns from tomatoes.

A common practice is to grow a.
crop of cucumbers in the hothouse im-
mediately following the removal of
the tomato plants. This is a “velvet”
crop, costing practically nothing to
raise. The vines are trained on trel-
lises and a large crop matures under
the ideal conditions of heat and .mois-
ture provided under glass. It is usu-
ally ﬁgiired that four or ﬁve crops of
cucumbers will pay for a hothouse.

One season’s experience with, a.
small forcing house will give One
more information than he can absorb
from all the books ever written. The
second season, with a ready-built
house, it is a 00mparatively easy mat-
ter to extend one’s structure and con-
sequently one’s ﬁeld of operations. Be-
ing of standard proportions the manu-
facturer can supply such extensions
in any amount from 25 to 500 feet.
The greenhouse business need not re-
quire extraordinary expense if one is
content to grow with one’s experience.
' Illinois. 0. E. CROOKER.

 
Capacity for 5,000 Tomato Plants.

should be added to keep the lime from
burning and as soon as the lime is
through slaking more water should be
added to cool the mixture. The above
amount is enough for 50 gallons of
spray. It should be strained before it
is put into the spray tank.

This mixture should be applied
about two weeks after the shucks
have dropped, and again one month
before the fruit ripens.

'Cutting Back Raspberries.

We have some rapidly growing rasp-
berries that were set in the spring of
1914. We have removed last year’s
growth and headed back this year's
growth by removing the tips of the
main shoots, but the lateral shoots
are now growing abnormally. Would
it be advisable, at this season of the
year, to remove the tips of these also?

SUBSCRIBER.

It would not be advisable to prune
back the laterals on the raspberrms at
this time of the year, as such pruning
might cause new growth which would
not mature before the winter set in.
It would be advisable to leave them
until spring when they should be cut
back about a foot in length.

Everything should be done to check
this season’s growth. If the patch is
now in cultivation the cultivation
should cease immediately and the
weeds or a crop of rye or similar
crop, be allowed to grow. Fertilizers,
of course, should also be withheld.

Your soil is undoubtedly quite rich for '

a; raspberry plantation.

3’ lillllllllIIIllIlillllllHIiII||lililliiIlllllIIlllllilI||IIlllilllllﬂlllHlIlllllmlIlllllillllillllllllllmllllllllIlllllllllllillllIlllllllmllllilllllllllllillllllIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IlHillilllailllllllﬂillilliﬂlilillﬂlilllg

 
~43. .__._ ..__.

P'

 
pg.

 
-——,A. .___,..__.i

 
new; 6, 1914.

 
"_ TH E4 M I C HI G Aj‘hN F AR M‘E R

 
igillllllﬂl|lllllllllllllllllllllllHIlllllllllllllIllllllllll'illlllllllllllllllllllﬂlﬂIllllllllllHllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||llIlllllllllllIllllllllHllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllﬂlllllllllllllHlllllllllllHlllllllllllllllllllﬂllg
LIV 6 Stock.
ﬁlm"|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIHlllllllIll|lllllllllIIlllllllllIlll||lIllllllll|Illl||||lll|Illlll|llIlllllllllIll||Illllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllIllllllilllllllllllllﬁ

ALTERNATING THE .SHEEP PAS-
TURE.

 
Frequent alternation of pasture is
not only advantageous in promoting
the thrift of the ﬂock, but highly ad-
visable in sustaining the health of its
individual members. Sheep thrive bet-
ter when allowed access to a Wide
range of diet and a frequent change
of pasture during the hot summer
months has an economic value too
great to be overlooked. Parasitic in-
fection of pastures has become pre-
valent on practically every farm where
sheep are maintained, and unless wise
precaution is exercised to control this
condition, serious loss is sure to re-
sult. This evil of the sheep industry
has become common in the last few
years and ﬂock owners must employ
precautionary measures to safeguard
attack.

These parasites, because 'of their
obscure means of reproduction, infest
pastures and make rapid headway be-
fore the ﬂock owner becomes aware
of the infestation. Wet seasons, (like
the present), and low marshy pasture
lands are favorable to the parasites
Pastures that have been grazed for
two or more years are most likely to

 
ow pasture requires some precaution-
ary measures or greater injury and
loss than gain may result. Sheep gen-
erally during the early summer sea-
son become accustomed to scant slow-
growing pasture. The change from
this kind of pasture to quick-growing
forage uch as second growth clover,
is ,quite likely to cause digestive dis-
order both among the old sheep and
lambs. Trouble of this nature is hard
to overcome and care should be tak-
en from the start to prevent it. Some
very palatable and nutritious pasture
can be obtained for the ﬂock by turn-
ing onto stubble land after the grain
crops have been removed. Of course,
a very large portion of the green
growth is weeds, but some grass al-
ways comes in, and besides, the fence
corners may be relied upon to furnish
some splendid feed.

Three things can be accomplished
by frequently alternating the ﬂock
from one ﬁeld to another. First, the
change of pasture stimulates appetite
and promotes physical recuperation;
second, it assists in the utilization of
waste about the farm and converts it
into proﬁt, and third, the sheep are
afforded opportunity to use their nat-
ural ability to clean up the farm of

 
Shade is an Appreciated Comfort to the Occupants of the Sheep Pasture.

become infested,and give untold trou-
ble during a season of abundant rain-
fall and when the atmosphere is damp.
Flock owners are frequently mislead
in thinking that rapid growing, luxuri-
ant pasture is less likely to infesta-
tion and continue to pasture when
conditions are most favorable for the
development of the parasites.

When members of the ﬂock begin
to fall away in ﬂesh, become weak
and debilitated, show a depraved ap-
petite and a craving for dirt and lit-
ter, it may safely be assumed that a
change of pasture is necessary. As a
rule, sheep that have gone too long
and become weakened to such an ex-
tent that they have lost their appetite
are beyond medical assistance. Such
animals should be destroyed immedi-
ately. The ﬂock should be removed
from the pasture and the land plowed
and cultivated. Permanent pasture for
sheep is a dangerous and unproﬁtable
method of handling the ﬂock. Lambs
are much‘more likely to become in-
fested with pasture parasites than old-
er sheep, although aged animals are
capable of carrying the parasites for
some time without becoming notice-
ably debilitated and in the meantime
transmit the infection to the lambs.

Alternating the ﬂock frequently
from one pasture to another is an ef-
fectual and convenient method of par-
tially controlling pasture parasites
during the hot weather months. After
the hay crop has been removed and
the meadow allowed a little time to
recuperate, excellent pasture can be
obtained from this source if pastured
judiciously. Turning onto new mead-

harmful vegetation. There is nothing
that adds more to the appearance of
a farm than clean well-kept ﬁelds and
fence corners.
Shiawassee Co. L. C. REYNOLDS.

FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS.

 
Fall Sown Forage Crops for Next
Year’s Pasture.

We have a ten-acre ﬁeld of wheat;
six acres is seeded to clover. What
can we sow on the remainder of the
ﬁeld to make good pasture next sum-

mer? We wish to pasture the whole
ﬁeld at once. The soil is on the light
order.

Kent Co. C. J. S.

There is nothing better to sow in
the fall for spring and summer pas-
ture than rye and winter vetch. There
is some objection to the use of winter
vetch for this purpose, provided it is
sown on quite strong land on which
wheat is made a factor in the crop
rotation, as it is likely to re-seed to
some extent and a volunteer crop may
appear in the wheat, which is objec-
tionable, as the seed is difficult to sep-
arate without special devices for the
purpose. In the event that it is
thought undesirable to sow vetch for
this reason, then rye could be sown
and a liberal seeding of timothy made
with the rye. Some alsike clover
might also be sown, although this or
other clovers can be sown in the
spring and with only ordinarily close
pasturing will ordinarily make a fair-
ly good stand. On light soil, such as
is described, however, the winter

vetch would be a good addition from
the standpoint of producing good pas-
ture next season. '

    
"5‘; (’1 lull/ll the T
3 ea er on the e ~

 
,ﬁJ ‘
ERE’S the low down spreader with the big drive wheels.
The heater and all driving parts are on the rear axle.
That means no clutches ,to give trouble, no chains to break
or to get out: of line; it means less than half the parts here-
tofore used on the simplest spreader.

Only hip high to the top. Easy to load. You see where
to place each forkful. The result is an even load that
spreads uniformly.

Light draft because the beater runs on roller bearings and
the center of the load is comparatively near the team.
Staunch, strong and easy to operate.

See the John Deere, the spreader with the beater on the axle.
Sold by John Deere dealers everywhere. Send for beautiful
booklet, also for

“Farm Manures and F ertilizers”-—F ree
A book by Dr. W. E. Taylor, soil expert.

      
It tells the value of manure,

how it should be stored, and how applied to the land to get the most out

of it.
Spreaders by asking for package No. Y—S.

JOHN DEERE, MOLINE, ILLINOIS

You can get both books free when you write about John Deere

 
“ii.i an all-
g, ‘l . lil“.

$1.7m , That’s Why Louden Stalls and Stanchions
ii? Make Hera Bigger Profit Builder ForYou

.r - ' The contented cow produces a better grade of milk and more
ofit. To be contented a cow must be clean and comfortable.

, . Louden Stalls and Stranchions are strictly sanitary. They pro-

EZDZ tect the cow from injury. They afford the greatest freedom of

Mt,“ movement. They are convenient for the workman. They prevent

“is,“ waste. They tn he the drudgery outpf the barn work. These qualil ios com-
nsisur blue to make them a most valuable Investment for any farmer or dairynian.

Note These Dlstlnctive Louden Features

LOUDEN STEEL STALLS
Sanitary Construction -— No cracks or crevices to rutuh dirt and breed bacteria.
P'é‘itoté'g‘tahmanhuntgilithhovcrlappmg, dustgproof malleable imn construction.
- no ows— or am pi'njv<-t.onsa out Stalls St ' ' ‘ .
corner rounded and perfectly smooth. ' anchions or Mangeis Every

LOUDEN TUBULAR STEEL STANCHIONS
Blnglo Chain at Top and Bottom~ Strong enough to carry 5,000 pounds. Allows
A'lil:t,:.1'r‘icitiiioneto tllkl'npqllil;ti:*\vill'y arcolund. (.‘ow can turn her hcml about freely.
. a cotoc - roo c - ‘ ' " ‘
u Qawnwél’g touch. 8 uses With a snap. Can be opened wnh a Single
-.. ape _ rid—Permits tanchion to be ban in Louden feed-Pa ‘
E,‘gglyuten incliesstaboveatiall £10011";I cglivefs covgnmple throat rmm‘vmg. cut-out curb.
ponay rang ne—a orﬂ ' ‘
“thaolljgh fouéghiickncsscs 5f metal. a e ned malleable iron. Heavy bolt passes
c cwer a n—Allows the Sinnchion to swing several inches in 'in direction-—
most ﬂexible Stanchion made. Prevents cow " ‘ ‘ Y' ~
when lying down or rising. _ from stunning or injumig bust.”

The louden line Includes 3:33: Salli-Julian; S's“. ondLWood-
—————_—-— one o ’
I Curlers. Born Door Nana-rs. ﬂay Tools. animal?“ Elli. Elli,“

erlte for complete catalog covering the 0 iii merit in
which you are especially interested. or see goofi- dealer.

[OWEN MACHINERY CO.

unburned 1961
1903 Briggs Ave., l-‘alrﬂold. low-

 
lfgon expect to build a new born or remodel an
0] one, this llcl‘VlL'LS of i 'll‘ Archlucwlll Do-
urtmont are at your disposal.

 
4 A e I
\\\g \3 ‘ *—~ ..

Louden Machinery Co.
- 1903 Brlggs. folrﬂold. loin

. , ) .
5 W )‘hniit cont to me a dboo
,DEN ’ or Information checked bzl‘ow: klet

- l‘ - , ..................Dairy Barn Equipment
. .. ................ Litter and Feed Carriers

_ ................ Barn Plans and Information

- t _ I will build a barnx .....ft.
‘ n I will remodel a barn ............... x ............... ft.
1.7 K299 cattle

 
hnrgpn

   
3"? litr- -
\\\\\\ \. J“ 3,3!“ ... h
\ .\ “ .... -.
l 9%“ y'>"\‘l\\\iu...~..’:“ ..:.s ,
/~\ "'1” . m t ,i ‘ “ ,,,. . V: ..
\ WW“"“‘-'nr}r.',,,y. LOUPEN

a: $\§ (

\-- < \ \t»

'7"... .. . NAME .......
764ml .

' 'il-
~ :4 - ADDRESS ............................................................................

 
WM. LOUDEN 102

l

 
When Writing to Advertisers please
mention the Michigan Farmer.

 
i!

 
Get a Line on the
Buckeye at the Fair

i . You’ve heard about this won~
derful ditch digging machine.
You’ve read about the money
it has made and saved for farm-
ers. But perhaps you’ve never
seen the machine itself in opera-
tion. You should and here’s
your chance.
The Latest typ: of

£0535”
,m

A' perfect trench at one out

will be on exhibition at the
Michigan State Fair, Detroit, Sept. 7th
to 18th; Sections 73, 74, 75. A
Buckeye representative will show
how simply and easily the Buck-
eye operates and will demonstrate
its capacity by actual work.

Put your drainage problems up
to this man in charge of our ,
exhibit. Let him tell you how '
to solve them with a Buckeye. '
lle will show you how you can
out from 101) to 150 rods a day
and make from $15 to $18 a day
doing contract work for your
neighboring farmers.

Get the Buckeye Book of reel. F.
at the fair or direct from us.
THE BUCKEYE TRACTION
DITCHER COMPANY
Findlay, Ohio

Builders also of Buckeye 0 en Ditchers
nnd Buckeye Gas Engines or Farm Use,

 
"-6

_ ’“ Emmy lv‘ “Oz ‘
\ ‘ "‘ "'“l ’\,“\- le.§”“€é§
. . - “ \V '

   
.;
«.43. e'

     
is the choice of the business far-
mer who values spreader perfec-
tion. It positively will do more
and better work in less time than
any other machine. It took us 15
years to perfect this mechanical
masterpiece which we know to be

1 00% EFFICIENT

Thoroughly pulverizes the manure. spreads it wider
and more evenly than any other spreader. Easy to
load, since sides are only 41 inches above ground.
Bed is from 3 to 6 inches deeper than any other so-
called “low down” spreader. Built for thorough
work and lasting service.

FREE Circular in Colors and
Descriptive Catalog

Gives reasons why “Niece" and “New Idea" are
the “Best Spreaders on Wheels." Shows why our
machines are practically trouble-proof. Settle the

spreader question for all times by writing us Today.
New Idea SpreaderCo., Box [9 Coldwater,0.

 
>1

 
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\“\

‘ﬁ

4:.

  
§\\\\\\\\\m\ﬁe

    
\mm\\\<\\\\\\\\ \\\\\
‘ (K!) I: the Sim est Stump Puller

Known. ()I'kﬁ like rowing

boat. Krugpsteel frame; hard-

ened forge steel wearln parts;
weight onlyll‘ll lbs. Weatherproof nglish
cable (no 0 sin to break). Cash 'or terms.
Year Guarantee.

If our stump can be pulled with inch steel
cahlz; ‘ ” will do it. Man with "K" can
pull 48 tons. U. S. Government uses "K" in
Alaska. Goodallsorta moying. ulling. Gct

d

“\%\m\\‘

W“\\€~

Special advertising low-price 0 er.

W. J. FITZPATRICK,

Seattle. Wash.

  
3 Box 4, 1926 2nd Ave..'
£\\\weut\wt<\

 
ANTED by experienced Mother and Son, work on
W farm: Mother blue ribbon butter maker, Son good
general farm worker. will work on shares or otherwise.
Address Box H. L. 8. care Michigan Farmer. Detroit.

Save your money.
Ask for price. Lies}

WHBLESALE FEED W...

THE BARTLETT 00.. It» Mill St.. Jackson. Mich.

 
. “I“ ‘ "1‘759' ,r Fig}? ._-

 
TH E Mir c Hicks F AR ME it

lllllIll|lllllill"llillﬂllllllillIlll"IIIlllllilllIlIlllllllllliﬂmmMillﬂlllllllllllﬂlmmlﬂllﬂm

2]

g . ..
Da1ry.
g
alllllillllIlillIllllllllilllllllllillllllllﬂlllllllﬂllﬂlllllllllﬂllllllllIlilllllllllllllIllllillllllllllllllllllllla

CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SMALL
CO-OPERATIVE CREAMERY.

it‘s

lllﬂiﬂﬂlllﬂlﬂllliilillﬂ

 
The condition of the butter business
is gradually changing. Some of the
big companies are going out of busi-
ness as producers and are becoming
wholesale purchasers of the output of
small creameries, many of which are
farmers’ co-operative creameries. The
big producing creameries are going
out of business because of the high
prices paid for milk by distributors
in cities, and by the condensing com-
panies. , '

The wholesale summer price of milk

, in and near cities ranges between

$1.45 and $1.65 per hundred pounds,
and the winter price is between $1.80
and $1.90, while the butter-fat from a

hundred pounds of milk sold to a.

creamery brings in the neighborhood
of $1.33 to $1.35. Therefore it does
not pay to make butter in cities and
other localities where farmers are get-
ting $1.90 per hundred for milk. And.
the business of buying milk at whole-
sale by big city distributing compa-
nies has been so systematized and
perfected, and the milk is so thor-
oughly cooled before it starts for the
city that the territory for purchasing
milk has been extended until it pays
city distributors to buy milk from
farmers 75 and 100 miles away and
ship it to the city, either in crated
bottles or ten—gallon cans.
The High Price of Butter.

 
It is therefore no wonder that some

]large commercial creameries are grad-
iually going out of business as manu-
.facturers of butter because they can-
‘not get milk at a price which will al-
llow them to make butter at a proﬁt.
lNeither is it strange that the price of
butter is high, especially during the
winter season. The big creameries
continue in the business of selling
butter, however, by buying up the pro-
lduct of small creameries, packing it
land selling it under brands which
lthey have made popular with the
,public.
i It is here that the small co-opera-
ltive creamery serves a very good pur-
lpose, for by continuing in business in
lsmall towns remote from large cities,
and sometimes even near these cities,
they keep the price of butter from be-
coming exorbitant, and they enable
themselves to buy butter from their
own creamery much cheaper than the
public gets it. They also stimulate
the breeding of ﬁne cattle, also the
lhog business and the poultry business
by having for sale or enabling the sur-
rounding farmers to have for sale, or
for their own use so much skim-milk
for feeding to the calves, pigs and
chickens.

The Small Creamery a Beneﬁt.

Therefore, when an association of
farmers establishes a co-operative
creamery they are doing something
which beneﬁts a great many people—-
themselves, the public, the breeders
of ﬁne stock, the hog man, the poul-
tryman, and even the dairy farmer
who sells milk to the distributors.
They are preventing the slaughter of
calves, because they make it cheaper
and easier for dairymen and other
stockmen to raise calves. They help
dairymen also, because when a great-
er number of heifer calves are allowed
to live, milk cows become cheaper.
The price of milk and butter will thus
be guaranteed against sudden and ab-
normal boosts. It is difﬁcult to imag-
ine how high the price of butter might

 
' . soar during winter seasons were it not

for farmers’ cooperative creameries
and other small creameries in dairy
districts at a distance from the great
cities and other wholesale markets
forrmilk. . ~
The small creamery beneﬁts farm-

 
ers by enabling them to purchase
good butter cheaply from their own
creameries—better butter than they
could make by churning at home. The
saving in this way alone is consider-
able, Where a farmer has a large fam-
ily, all of whom like good butter. It
saves the farmer’s wife and her daugh-
ters from the trouble of butter mak-
ing at home. The price of this butter
to the farmer who owns shares in the
creamery is in the neighborhood of 25
cents a pound, while the same butter
sells to- the trade at from 30 to 38
cents, depending on the season.

. Advantages of a Local Creamery.

The small association creameries
tend‘to equalize conditions in a num-
ber of ways, so even though the but-
ter-fat doesn’t yield as large a proﬁt
when sold to creameries as the milk
does when sold to city distributors,
the value of the by-products of the
creamery balances the lower price of
butter-fat, and justiﬁes a farmer in
selling butter-fat to his co-operative
creamery anyway. He has the skim-
milk from his separator for the calves
and he can get all the buttermilk he
wants at the creamery for his pigs
and chickens, at a nominal price.

It is therefore fortunate for many
classes of people and for different in-
dustries that milk distributors and
condensing companies do not have a
monopoly of the milk trade and force
out of business the small creameries.
Even near cities the establishment of
small co-operative creameries should
have a salutary effect on industrial
conditions. A condition of keen com-
petition is a. desirable one. If dairy
farmers sell all their milk to distrib-
utors and condensing companies and
drive the creameries out of business,
they are thereby stiﬂing competition
and raising the price of butter. After
this competition is destroyed, and dis-
tributors and condensers have nothing
to fear in the way of competition from
creameries they might reduce the
prices they are now paying for milk
at wholesale, and dairy farmers would
have no recourse against such a com-
bination. The co-operative creamery
is therefore, the dairy farmer's friend,
even though he doesn't patronize it or
hold stock in it.

Small Creameries Make Calf Raising
Proﬁtable.

Speaking broadly, the more small
creameries we have the better will be
the wholesaleprice of milk paid by
distributors and condensers. Also the
price of butter will be kept down to a
reasonable ﬁgure, the scare about the
abnormally high price of beef will
subside, and likewise the cry about
the slaughter of calves, for it will pay
a farmer with plenty of skim-milk and
a good pasture to raise every promis-
ing grade heifer calf, not to mention
the pure-breds. And when two years
old they will sell at a good price to
farmers Who sell milk at wholesale,
but who cannot afford to raise calves
themselves. There are thousands of
dairy farmers with whom it is far
cheaper to buy good two—year-old heif-
ers than to raise their own heifer
calves.

Missouri. I. H. Morse.

TH E COW’S VACATION.

 
How long a vacation should the cow L.

have? It depends something on the cow
herself. She, like some people, can
sometimes get along with a short va-
cation and keep in vigorous working
condition. It always depends on how
she is kept. If fed liberally, and well
cared for, she can give milk almost
continuously without loss of vigor,
either to herself or her offspring.
These things should be duly consider-
ed in each instance.
er, it pays to allow, or even compel, a
cow to take six weeks to two months
vacation each year. That is, she
should go dry for that time, to store
up enough reserve to do her best for
the balance of the year. She will al-
most invariably have a more vigorous
c‘alf if given a good rest.

Usually, howev- '

1i

 
mt. am.

What helps the
quality of your- .
,cured meats? Fla-
mr. What salt
brings out the full
ﬂavor? Worcester

 
Use it. Worcester
Salt makes the- clean,
sparkling brine which
stays free from slime
and “ropincss.” It
givestoyourhams,bacon
and salt pork, that sweet
ﬂavor prized by epicurcs.

WORCESTER
SALT

The Salt with the Savor

The ﬁne even crystals
of Worcester Salt also
make it best for butter
making. Our patent
process frees it from bit-
terness that spoils ﬂavor.

For farm and dairy use,
Worcester Salt is put up in
14 lb. muslin bags and in 28
and 56 1b., Irish linen bags.
Get a bag from your grocer.

Write for booklet “Cur- .
ing Meats on the Farm."
Sent free on request. ‘

Worcester Salt Co.

Lona! Producer: of High
Grade Salt In the World

NEW YORK

A

 
lbuCantBedt

Galloway Prices Anywhere

You can't get Galloway quality at any-
where near my price. I get one small
manufacturing profit, the rest of your dol-
lar bu 3 what you need. The other way
our oliar pays the profit of the manu-
acturer. the jobber and the dealer. You
have tried the old way. Now try my way
and see what you save.

  
Plans

Cash. Credit. Note or Easy Pa ents. One
of these will suit our needs. yflnny plan al-
lows you 30 da 8 or trial of Engine,Cream
Separator or anure Spreader.
satisfied that they are as od as any ,. -.
you ever saw or heard a , the goods " . "

come back and you’re nothing out.

tulowl’ree .
rite for catalog you

~ , 1. want. Getfullparticu-
culars and my special
prices, extra low
on Engines. Sepa-
rators and Spread- ,
. . Address
.-j _'_£L§1\_-"'JLL"1Q Wm.aolloway.PI-ee.
" J Wm.¢ollowey 00..
187 Bellow-y SI...
Waterloo. Iowa.

.3...

   
«GEITEB SHEAR GUTTERS

Make best Ensilage at least cost. Patented Cen-
ter Shear feature ellects a positive shear-cut entire
width ofbundie. from sides to center of throat. Less
friction. greater cutting capacity. decreased expense to:
power. Mallcable iron (unbreakable) knit: wheel. Cat-
slog explains fully. FREE— ‘ ,

send for it. .» ' .v.

KALIIAZDD TMK a. SIM! '00.
. “M0. Illill.

      
Minneapolis, Minnesota ‘. x ,-
Kansas City. MlSSOIll’l ' 0"“;

No. Fort Worth. Texas Guaranteed

WRITE TODAY

    
- When writing to advertisers please
mention The Michigan Farmer.

 
SEPT. 5, 1914.

BREAKING HEIFERS AND MILK-
ING KlCKlNG COWS.

 
H. C. H. has a valuable heifer that ‘

kicks badly when she is milked, and
wants to know of any method that
will help to overcome the trouble.

In breaking a heifer, or milking a
kicking cow, I never strike, or kick
her, or use any violence except to
milk her in spite of all she can do to
prevent it. The principle is the sam'e
made use of by John S. Rarey, Glea-
son, and other noted horse trainers.
In single-handed contests, the animal
is made to exhaust its strength in a
futile endeavor to become master, and
will always yield when conquered by
the superior power and intelligence of
man.

Use Determination.

To break a kicking heifer with her
ﬁrst calf, I put her into a stall and tie
her head up short to the manger, so
that she cannot back out, nor surge
ahead, and give her some dry meal to
eat in order to put her into an ami-
able state of mind. But this will not
prevent her from kicking if she don’t
want to be milked. I do not place the
pail directly under her bag. I put an
old cap on my head, stand on my feet,
bent over to milk, place my head in
the heifer’s groin, and take a ﬁrm
hold of the hind teat on the heifer’s
right side, with my left hand, and the
front fore teat with my right. When
she tries to kick, I brace my feet, and
stiffen my neck, and back, and hold
on to the teats with a bull dog’s grip.
The left hand is the one she tries to
get loose, as it is the one that pre-
vents her from hitting the pail which
seems to be her particular object of
spite. Standing on my feet, I can
vary my position as she varies hers,
and if my hold is maintained, she can
kick but little, and cannot hit me nor
the pail. I do not try to draw any
milk while the struggle lasts. I only
tighten my grip and maintain my
hold.

The length of the struggle depends
on the dispositon of the heifer. Some,
more stubborn than others, will make
several ﬁerce ﬁghts for the mastery
at the ﬁrst milking, and repeat them
with less violence at the second.
When she ﬁnds that I am master of
the situation, and can “hold the fort,”
that I don’t want to hurt her, that I
do want the milk, and am determined
to have it whether she is willng or
not, she gives up the battle and there
is no more trouble. I have never
known a heifer to injure her teats by
my holding on‘to them while she was
kicking.

Old Cows Hard to Coanor.

Gentle old cows will sometimes kick
when they have cracked teats that
hurt when milked, and they must be
milked forcibly. Our best, and gent-
lest cow, cut one of her teats badly in
getting over a barbed wire fence,
where a tree had been blown down
across it. As she was in- full ﬂow of
milk the teat had to be milked. It
was very sore aiid she would not al-
low it to'be touched, and when I took
hold of it she kicked furiously. I had
to milk that teat by force. She fought
harder than heifers, but when sne
gave up, and allowed the teat to be
squeezed, she trembled, and quivered
with pain, and exhaustion. I never had
a heifer, or cow, that I could not milk
by force, and when broken they staid
broken.

Pennsylvania. J. W. INGIIAM.

CHILDREN AS MILKERS.

 
My judgment is, that milking is a
man’s job. At least it is a woman’s
job, and not a job for a young boy or

'girl. -Children can not do the job

properly. It is a physical impossibil-
ity. They are not strong enough. Be-
sides the actual lack of strength, boys
and girls are careless and irresponsi-
ble. It always has been so and al-
ways will be. Children can not, from
the very nature of things, assume re-
sponsibility and for them to be given

THE MICHIGAN FARME’R
.l....'..._.--l--ll--

the great responsibility of milking is
asking too much of them. It is not
business, it is folly.

The father who will allow, or com-
pel, his children under 15 years of
age to do any considerable part of the
milking, is making a mistake. He is
sure to lose money. He hasn’t a prop-
er conception of the importance of the
job of milking cows. A cow should be
milked rapidly and thoroughly, and ev-
ery time just alike, and at the same
time proper manipulation of the ud-
der should be given. If one does not
understand these things, or if he
can’t or don’t do it, then he can not
be a success as a milker. Children
can not understand these things, and
they are prone to be careless.

Children Not Good Milkers.

I have personally observed instances
where the children were compelled to
do the larger part of the milking. Al-
most invariably the father was a poor
dairyman and also a poor milker him-
self. A father who has carefully ob—
served that good milking gives better
results and is a good milker himself,
knows well enough that children can—
not do this work properly. It is not
out of place to have the boy milk the
easy milking cows, or perhaps the girl
try her hand, as this teaches them to
milk, and we must all be taught. I
am not arguing against such things.
The cow the boy milks, we do not ex-
pect will do her best, but the boy
must learn, and when he becomes ma-
ture enough and has sufﬁcient
strength, and last, but not least, when
he has sufﬁcient judgment, then re—

sponsibility of milking can be gradu—'

ally placed upon him. But never
should this be done until he has sufﬁ—
cient strength to do the job right. It
is a job that won’t stand but mighty
little carelessness, if you want the
cows to do their best.

THE WEST MICHIGAN HOLSTEIN
BREEDERS HOLD ANNUAL
PICNIC.

The Fourth Annual Picnic of the
West Michigan Holstein Breeders’ As-
sociation was held in John Ball Park,
in the city of Grand Rapids, on Wed-
nesday, August 5. The day was an
ideal one for a picnic in this beautiful
park, and after the breeders and their
families had enjoyed a social hour in
visiting, the lunch baskets were
brought forward and the table spread

with numerous good things to eat.

After the dinner was over with,
seats were arranged in a shady place
in the 'grove, and the meeting was
called to order by President Arthur
Clark. Hon. D. D. Aitken, of Flint,
President of the Holstein-Friesian As-
sociation of America, was the ﬁrst
speaker introduced. Mr. Aitkin gave
a very interesting talk on “The Age
of Progress in Holstein Development.”
He spoke at length on efﬁciency in
methods on the farm in reducing the
cost of operation. He advocated buy-
ing a few well-bred Holsteins and
thus starting herds of registered cat-
tle. He stated that if the female in-
crease were all kept for ten years,
that the herd would have a greater
cash value than a good farm.

Hon. N. P. Hull, of Diamondale, for-
mer 'master of the Michigan _ State
Grange, and at present secretary of
the National Dairy Union, then gave
a most excellent talk on “Future Pros-
pects for Dairying with the Holstein
Cow.” He spoke of the necessityof
keeping a herd of proﬁtable milk and
butter producers, and outlined the
work of the National Dairy Union in
ﬁghting the dishonest manufacture
and sale of oleomargarine, colored to
represent good dairy butter. He stat-
ed that oleomargarine colored to rep-
resent butter could be manufactured
at a cost of from nine to 14 cents per
pound.

George H. Brownell, of Detroit, clos-
ed the program with a few well chos-
en remarks, after which the meeting
was adjourned. W. R. HARPER,

Secretary.

  
SHARPLES MILKER,

Daily Demonstrations

   
/.“x

I.“

HEN the inviting shade of the big SHARPLES tent
beckons you inside, slip into the welcome arm of a
big, comfy chair in a cool corner and while you rest
your tired feet. watch the SHARI’LES MILKER milk your

neighbor’s cows.

Smoke if you want to—the ladies don’t mind. Relax and get
all the good out of your little recreation trip. Feel that this
big exhibit is your show—because we have gone to a lot of
trouble to make these exhibits both interesting and instruc-
tive—but, after all, comfort is the thing which intensiﬁes
all our pleasures.

 
If you are interested in dairying—and every one is now-
adays—where you will find food for thought. Cows strange to
the machine will be milked at regular intervals. Here you
will learn, in a few minutes, why the SHARPLES MILKER
is now milking a quarter million cows. You can see the
reason for its remarkable success instantly. Better still you
can talk with farmers and-dealers who have shared in, the
upbuilding of that success‘undisturbcd.

 
The things a man ﬁnds out for himself are the ones most
worth while to him. People learns—they are not taught now-
adays. Farmers have a way of doing their own thinking
And if an article does not possess merit you cannot make theni
believe that it does. And, on the other hand, if it does possess
that merit, you can’t keep them from finding it out. We
investigate ant “buy" things in this progressive age. Farm
implements are no longer “sold.”

Every member of the family is interested in the lWILKER it
seems. And it is right that they should be; because if a nian
can use a MILKER and it will do him good, the sooner he
knows about it the better. ‘VG cannot put off the inevitable
and why, then, should we try? If a man can’t use a MILKER
it won’t hurt him to know about it, because it is a big new
idea. But if he can use it, now or any time, why deny’hiin-
self so good an opportunity of seeing it?

I

II IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
2
G9 ,
Ho
H
-i
5"
—O
U)
-<
CD
93
f1

 
(‘jlarifiers will be shown, too, and gasoline engines. And
Separators, Whey Machines, and much else which interests
the dairy fraternity.

Something Happens Every Minute at the Sharples Milker Show.

so will we.

 
Fairs and Expositions—1914

 
Name Location Date
California State Fair ........................... Sacramento Cal ‘
Connecticut State Fair ........................ Hartford. Conn .................. 33?)? Iii?
“119015 State Fan: ................................ Springﬁeld, Ill .................. Sept'18.26
Indiana State 'Fair .............................. Indianapolis, Ind ............... Sept. 7-11
Iowa. State Fair and Exposition ...... Des Moines, Ia. ................... Aug .26-Sept 3
Kansas State Fair._ ................... ..Hutchinson. Kuns .............. Sept. 12-19 '
Michigan State Fair...-.-.......--.. ..... Detroit, Mich ...... “Sept. 7-18
Minnesota State Fair and Exp on..l{nmline, Minn... Sept. 7-1
Missouri State Fan- .............................. Sedalia, MO ........ Sept. 26-0.3 2
Nebraska State Fa‘ir ............................. Lincoln, Nebr ........ “Sept 7.11
New York State }(3”- ........................... Syracuse, N. Y .............. “Aug 31-Sept 5
Ohm, Stage Fan-n: ................................. Columbus, 0 ....................... Aug: 3i-Septli
Oregon State Fair.. .............................. Salem. Ore ......................... Sept, 28-0“},
The Allentown Fain... ............. Allentown, Pagept 20-25 .
Tennessee State Fair ..... Nashville. Tenn ................. Sept. 2i-2é
Utah State Fair ........ -.Salt Lake City. Utah .......... Oct.. 5.10

Vermont State Fair..
Virginia. State Fair ......
Wisconsin State Fair ............

 
..White River Junction, Vt...s -
~Richm0nd, Va ....... .. ept. 1518
..... Milwaukee, Wis......

     
1 . .
Interstate Live Stock Fair ................... Sioux on 13.... '
New Jersey-Penna, Interstate Fair ........ Trenton, yr}. J .................. "‘32"? 34%?
Spokane Interstate Fair ....................... Spokane, “’ash ............... Sept'l - CL 2
Pac1ﬁc International Live Stock ......... Portland, Ore ..................... D D ' 2-20
Dairy Cattle Congress .......................... Waterloo, 13. .................... 08% 7.12
National Dairy_Show.. ..... Chicago. Il] """" ogt' 53—18
Maine State Fau- ............ .Waterville. Me ................... Se is 1-04
New Hampshire State Fa .Salem, N. H ........ s p ’ .
Rochester Industrial Exposition" .Rochester, N. Y ........... Sen: 1- 5
Maryland Interstate Fair .................... Hagerstown' Md ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 0:? ' 1.02:2

 
I THE SHARPLES SEPARATOR C0., West Chester, Pa.

Chic-go Doll” Minneapolis KuMCity Omaha San Francisco Portland, Ore. Winnim Toronto

I AGENCIES EVERYWHERE

 
It’s really interesting! You will be delighted with your visit—

7-187

 
188—8

The Michigan Farmer
Established 1843. Copywright 1914.

The Lawrence Publishing Co.

Editors and Proprietors.

39 to 45 Congress St. “'est. Detroit .Mlchlzan
'i‘nLEPHONE MAIN 4.;25.

NEW YORK OFFICE—41 Park Row.

CHICAGO OFFC E—604 Advertising Building.

CLEVELAND OFFICE—10114015 Oregon Ave.. N. E.

PHILADELPHIA OFFICE—214-218 Twelfth St.

I“, J. LA\VRENCE.........
M. L. LAWRENCE.....
E. H. HOUGIITON .....

I. R. WATERBURY.................................}

 
........... President
. Vice—P resident
..... Sec. -'I‘reas.

 
Assoicate
Editors

BURT WERMUTH ..................................
I". A. WILKEN

ALTA LAWSON LIT'IELL
E. H. HOUGH'I‘ON .......................... Business Manager

 
TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:
One yearI 52 ig,sues......... .........................
Two years, 104 issues-n». '
Three years. 156 issues.
Five years 263 issues-m.
All sent postpaid.
Canadian subscriptions 50¢ a year extra for postage.
Always send money by draft. postoﬂice money order,
registered letter or by express. We will not be responsible
for money sent in letters, Address all communications to.
and make all drafts checks and postoﬁice orders payable to.
The Lawrence Publishing Co.

 
We never. unless through error. send The IVIICIIIX'JJ
Farmer beyond the date subscribed to—our subscription price
being always due in advance, and sample copies always free.
No bills will ever be sent should a subscription through
error be continued after expiration,

 
RATES OF ADVERTISING:

40 cents per line agate type measurement, or $5.60 per
inch (14 agate lines per inchi per insertion. No adv‘t in-
serted for less than $1.20 each insertion. No objection-
able advertisements inserted at any price.

Entered as second class matter at the Detroit. Michigan.
postolﬁce.

DETROIT, SEPT. 5, 1914.

A FEW LEADING ARTICLES OF
THE WEEK.

 
Making the Most of the Corn Crop.
Methods of storing and feeding
which give most the economical
results ......................... 181

A Michigan Potato Tour.—Describ-
ing a trip of noted specialists
through Michigan potato ﬁelds..182

Cement Block Construction for
Barns—Some requirements for
satisfactory use ................ 183

The Small Forcing House—A good
way to start in producing early
vegetables ..................... 184

Importance of the Small Creamery.
—Enumerating many ways in
which the local creamery helps
the community ................. 186

Pleasant Conversation.—A lesson
in cheerfulness as reﬂected in
expression ............ . ........ 194

Canning Vegetables in the Home.
~Some requirements for satis-
factory work .................. 195

Michigan and Co-operation.—Out-
lining a possible plan for future
development ................... 196

Medicine Chest for the Poultry-
man.—Simple but needed equip-
ment ........ . ................. 200

 
CURRENT COMMENT.

 
This week marked the
passing of another en-
campment of the Grand
Army of the Republic,
which was held at Detroit, with ap-
propriate ceremony. This event is
but an echo of the struggle which rent
our land in the early sixties. Time
has softened, if not effaced, the trag-
edies of that struggle and the thought
of the hour was to ﬁttingly honor the
old soldiers, whose ranks are annually
being thinned more rapidly by an en-
emy which cannot be vanquished.

Upon these occasions old comrades
of the battleﬁeld and, sadder still, of
the military prison, are wont to re-
count the experiences of their soldier
days and live again the thrilling hours
of their triumph over a worthy foe.
And last year, when their reunion was
held on the historic ﬁeld of Gettys-
burg, the foes of yore met as brothers
on the scene of a memorable conﬂict.
These are but echoes of war'which
each year grow more faint and less
fraught with recollection, much less
realization, of its horrors.

But this year, while our time-worn
veterans were the honored guests of
our state’s metropolis, the sterner side
of war was more than a‘ shadow, due
to the conﬂict of enlightened people's
which was raging in 3.." its fury on

War and Its
Echoes.

the other side of the Atlantic. Long.
will -it be before the tragedies of that
conﬂict will have become but echoes
of but annual recurrence in the lands
that are sacriﬁcing the ﬂower of their
manhood in this combat—and for
what? If for great principles of vital
interest to humanity at large it still
remains for history to reveal the is-
sue. If for no more worthy cause than
to satisfy the ambitions of military
governments and their despotic heads,
then, too, must we wait for history,
written in the life-blood of loyal, but
peace-loving common people to reveal.

In the meantime we can but hope
that when the tragedies of this mortal
combat are become less terrible to
contemplate through the softening in-
ﬂuence of time, and when its memor-
ies are but echoes of other days, such
as those of our own great war, which
reach us through these gatherings or
its remaining veterans, the world may
have progressed in civilization to a.
'point where even vital issues which
involve sacred principles may be
peacefully adjusted and a condition
which will make it impossible to pro-
voke human conﬂict in its sternest
form for any less worthy cause. Only
then can war, which Sherman so ﬁt-
tingly described as “Hell,” send forth
even the faintest echoes which savor
of Heaven.

The fair season is at
hand. The State Fair
for 1914 will open its
gates on Monday next, September 7,
and will continue to and including
September 18, which will give every
person in Michigan who can arrange
at all to attend this exposition, an op-
portunity to do so with a minimum of
personal or business inconvenience.

The State Fair.

There are very many reasons why
the people of Michigan generally, and
progressive farmers in particular,
should attend Michigan’s greatest fair.
Too many people look upon agricul-
tural fairs in general, and the State
Fair in particular, simply as an oppor-
tunity to have a pleasant outing and
a good time. While it does afford such
an opportunity, there are other and
greater reasons why every farmer who
can possibly do so should attend the
State Fair and take his family with
him. Perhaps the most potent reason
for such attendance lies in the op
portunity which is offered to study
breeds and types of live stock in this
great section of the fair. The ﬁnest
horses, cattle, sheep, swine and poul-
try which are produced in Michigan,
and many of the best herds and ﬂocks
of the country will compete in the
show rings of the various depart-
nents, thus giving the fair patron an
opportunity to study the highest types
of the various improved breeds at
close range, and also get the view-
point of judges who are well equipped
by training and experience to award
the honors where honors are due.
Some live stock must be kept on ev—
eryfarm, and there is great opportu-
nity for improvement in the type of
live stock kept upon the average
farm, hence the importance of Michi«
ga'n farmers in general giving close
attention to this department of the
State Fair where better opportunities
are offered for study and observation
of the best of our pure-bred live stock
than in any other place so easily and
cheaply accessible. In like manner
the products of the vegetable kingdom
may be studied in the various fruit,
vegetable and grain exhibits, and
much information of value to any
farmer can thus be derived. '

Also a careful study of the machin-
ery and implements on exhibit, many
of them in actual operation, will be
most beneﬁcial and helpful to any
farmer in making wise selections of
needed additional equipment for the
operation of his farm. Various other
educational exhibits are of scarcely
less importance; for instance, the
great automobile show will afford the
farmers who are contemplating the

THE MICHIGAN ‘FARME’R’

  
.purchase of autos an opportunity to

study. the different makes and models,

where direct comparison can be made. '

This show promises to be an even
greater factor than at previous fairs,
some thirty lines of automobiles and
motor trucks, all made in or around
Detroit, having been awarded exhibi-
tion space in the large automobile
building.

Not the least important among the
educational exhibits will be the milk
tests for dairy cows, which will be
conducted under the auspices of the
fair, while the babies’ health contest
should be of vitdl interest to a very
large number of fair patrons, and oth-
er educational exhibits made by the
Agricultural College and the various
state departments will be worthy of
the most careful study. All of these
things make the State Fair in fact
what his in name, an exposition of
such value to Michigan farmers that
none who can arrange to attend can
afford to stay away.

In addition, there are the usual
number of entertainment features, all
of a high character of excellence.
These include daily aeroplane ﬂights
by an aviator who does the modern
thrilling stunts, an excellent racing
program, which will include high-class
automobile races, ﬁne free musical
programs, and other entertainment
features of a high order, together with
a high—class horse show and ﬁreworks
each evening.

There is no question but that the
State Fair will offer entertainment
features which alone would make it
an object for any member of a farm
family to attend, yet these should be
considered secondary to
tional features, and incidental to the
main object of acquiring up-to-date
knowledge of many things which are
important factors in success upon the
farm.

The diversity of.

Where Diversity’is Michigan agricul-

Profitable. ture is often a.
matter for con-
gratulation. In some seasons there

may be a serious fa1lure of one crop,
which is a serious matter in a one-
crop section of the country, but such
a crop failure is felt much less in a.
state like Michigan where a variety
of crops are grown on nearly every
farm. Then there may be an over
production along some one line which
will tend to reduce prices to a point
which leaves little proﬁt to the grow-
er. But in a state like Michigan, this
is not so badly felt, because nearly ev-
ery farmer has a considerable variety
of. products to sell and may do very
Well even thOugh one product may sell
abnormally low.‘

Then, too, it is a decided advantage
to have a choice of crops which may
be grown with almost equal facility,
as the acreage of any crop which
seems to promise exceptional proﬁts
may often be increased without ser-
iously disturbing the crop rotation.
Just now the state millers’ association
is urging Michigan farmers to grow a
larger acreage of wheat and issuing
some good advice with regard to the
methods of growing, such as the se-
lection of a Wheat of good milling
quality (a long berried red variety is
advised), treating the seed for smut,
ﬁtting the ground carefully and delay-
ing seeding until about September 20
to avoid damage from the Hessian ﬂy.
Undoubtedly the area of wheat grown
in Michigan could be increased with
proﬁt under present conditions, as the
European nations now engaged in war
will require even larger quantities of
the grain than would be the case un-
der ' normal conditions, while their
production will be far less. Likewise,
other staple Michigan crops, such as
beans and potatoes, will be free from
foreign competition under present con-
ditions, and there is every prospect
that the diversity of our agriculture
will demonstrate its advantages to an
even greater degree than, is common
during the; coming year.

the educa-_

SEPT. 5,. 1914."

HAPPENINGS of THE WEEK";

 
t Foreian. . i .3155 t
The European Wan—During the
past Week the activities of the belig—
erent nations have been conﬁned more
closely to restricted districts. On land
the ﬁghting has been largely conﬁned
to the attempt of'the Germans to
swing around through Belgium and en:
ter France from the north and north-
west, and to the effort of the Russians
to advance into Prussia and Austria.
At sea the English war vessels engag-
ed the, German ships off the German
shore and the Japanese haVe moved
against the German Chinese port,
Klauchau. Thus far the campaign of
the Kaiser’s troops in France is re-
ported successful. The German right
Wing has forced the left wing of the
allies back beyond Aimens, which is
Within 60 miles of Paris. The attempts
of the German forces to cross the
Meuse river-to the northwest of Paris
has not met with success thus far and
the French are pushing the campaign
hard at that point with the hopes of
compelling the Germans to withdraw
some of their troops from the right.
The Russians have advanced well in-
to Prussia, the eastern province of
Germany, and made considerable
headway against the Austrians in the

the province of Galacia, where they

are now maneuvering to take Lem-
berg, an important position. Servia
is expecting to enter Austria and take
‘the offensive, having successfully de~
feated every attempt of the Austrian
soldiers to establish themselves on the
south side of the Danube. It is re-
ported that Bosnia will join with Ser-
v1a in this campaign.
tains her neutrality but she has sent
an ultimatum to Asutrla, demanding
explanation of the mobilization of
troops on the Italian border, which,
with the report that Turkey is pre-
paring to enter the conﬂict, makes it
very probable that Italy will soon be
included in the list of beligerent na-
tions. In the naval battle off the Ger-
man coast 11 German ships are said
to have been sunk or destroyed. The
English ships were not badly damaged
and she lost 29 killed and 38 wounded.

Peace seems now to be assured in
Mexico. Gen. Zapata, the guerilla
leader of the southwestern provinces
of the country, has joined with‘other
leaders to bring about asettlement of
differences between theseveral fac-
tions. There is also an agreement be-
tween the feuds led by Gavernor May-
torena and Cornel Calles in. thei’state
of Sonora. With these diﬂiculties-,ov-
ercome, rapid strides should be made
to get the country reorganized and
started on the road to peace and pros-
perity once more.

The national encampment of the
Grand Army of the Republic meets in
Detroit this week. It is estimated
that between 20,000 and 40,000 of the

soldiers who wore the blue back in‘

the sixties, are present to participate
in the exercises.
tinues throughout the weed and in-
cludes the sessions of many auxiliary
societies connected with the G. A. R.

National.

The wireless stations or the Panama
Canal zone have been taken over by
the federal government, that a stricter
control over the transmission of mes-
sages during hostilities In Europe may
be maintained.

It is positively declared that the an‘
nouncement of the department of jus-
tice that the beet sugar business in
one of the states would be the subject
of a prosecution by the federal gov-
ernment, does not refer to Michigan.
The evidence of an unwarranted and
illegal advancement of prices on sug-
ar by beet sugar men was gathered in
a west central state.

An effort is being made by the
post ofﬁce department to bring the
farmers of the country into closer
touch with the consumers by means
of the parcel post service. The plan
is the continuation of the scheme
started some time ago, of getting the
names of producers into the hands of
the consumers, and vice versa.
Through this means the department
may do much to threaten the exist-
ence of the alleged city food trusts of
many of the larger cities.

Camp Ferris, the 1914 encampment
of Michigan’s militia at Grayling, was
broken Sunday and the troops have
returned home. The work of the men
this year was such as to give a broad
study of military duty and practice.

The ﬁrst ballot is taken Tuesday for
the selection of a new pope to succeed
Pope Pius X, as head of the Roman
Catholic Church. The election is held
in the vatican, Rome, Italy.

President Wilsonls' resting at his
summer cottage at Windsor, Vt.

Fire wiped out the M10, Oscoda

county, mercantile block on Sunday
morning. entailing an estimated loss ’
of $40,000.

Italy still main- ,

The program con— ,

   
T

 
’\

MagaZIne Section

 
LITERATURE
posrar
HISTORY one
’lNI-‘ORMATION

 
:

 
‘nre FARM BOY
an? GIRL
SCIENTIFIC an?
MECHANICAL

 
This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper every week. Every article is Writtten especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere.

 
Institutes for our Farm Boys and Girls

Our Present Educational System—It’s Deﬁc1enc1es—T he Result—What Can Be Done to
Relieve It—A Task for the Community and the State—By Earl W.” Gage.

E have been holding farmers’
W institutes for the farmer and

his wife for a great many
years. It now becomes important that
we consider the welfare of the young
people who spend their early life up-
on the old farm.

If these young people are members
of a live institute, become interested
in the various phases of farm life and
work, the opportunity is very ripe for
their remaining upon‘the farm and be-

— t

 
ter the value and practicability of this
new feature in education had been
demonstrated by the towns and cities,
some rural school authorities became
interested and a few of the more pro-
gressive introduced it into their course
of studies.

The rural school began its work of
agricultural instruction by directing
the scholars’ attention to some of the
simplest and more common nature

study subjects in the neighborhood of

 
The Boys Test Seeds for the Farmers of the Community.

coming successful in a line of en-
deavor of which their heritage grants
a most promising future.

Out of every 500 young people in
the rural districts of our country, only
one enters an agricultural college. 0n-
ly ﬁve others enter any type of col-
lege. Of every 100 rural and urban
children, only ﬁve reach the high
school, and only six go beyond the ele-
mentary grades. Ninety—four out of
every 100 children therefore, ﬁnish
their education for life with the little
district school. Inasmuch as these 94
children include those in cities and
towns as well as those of the country
districts, and since city and town chil-
dren continue longer in school than do
those of the country, it is safe to
state that fully 97 out of every 100
rural boys and girls ﬁnish their edu-
cation with the district school.

That we may reach the 499 out of-

every 500 rural boys and girls who
can go to an agricultural college, and
yet in whom some attachment for and
interest in rural life should be inoc-
ulated, there has developed quite gen-
erally a demand for the introduction
into rural schools of subjects that will
serve to educate in the direction of
appreciation of rural life and its op-
portunities. Teaching hitherto con-
ﬁned to studies that ignore the coun-
try and direct the scholar’s attention
to the occupations of the towns and
cities, has done much to encourage our
farm youth to become mere cogs in a
great grinding machine of industrial
centers.

The ﬁrst effort to meet this demand
was made by the town and city
schools through the introduction of
topics which later were all embraced
under the term “nature study.” At-

the school itself. Gradually this was
extended to the critical observation of
various phenomena in the growth and
development of plants and animals.
Later, elementary text-books on these
and other general subjects connected
with the rural life were introduced
and studied.

Among the country schools, howev-
er, only the most favorably situated
have been able to conduct even ele-

 
that the teacher of the single-room
school, even though capable in this
new line of study, has not the time
necessary in which to give the instruc-
tion unless vacation and holiday pe-
riods are utilized for the purpose, and
the vast majority of rural school dis-
tricts are not ﬁnancially able to sup-
port an additional teacher. The con-
solidated rural school, however, prom-
ises to overcome some of the chief
difﬁculties that have heretofore hin-
dered the development of this work,
and is now opening the way for in-
structing the scholars along agricul-
tural subjects, and the day of new-
ness and usefulness is dawning for
the country school as a result.

The purpose in this movement by
the elementary schools, so far as it
has deﬁnite aim, is to awaken in boys
and girls an interest in farming and
domestic operations by bringing them
to see and appreciate the beauty, in-
dependence, ‘and general desirability
of rural life. By the proper study of
these various subjects mental culture
can also be secured as effectively as
by the exclusive use of the so-called
disciplinary studies, while at the same
time a broader view and better appre—
ciation of life is imparted to the pupil.

As a part of the course in educa-
tion for children of public school age,
a system of “clubs” has bien organ-
ized in many sections by dial teach-
ers and county superintendents of
schools, intended to interest the pu-
pils in country life and at the same
time prove of actual service in pre-
paring them for their future work,
whether that work be on a farm or in
some other occupation or profession.
The club is usually composed, both as
to membership and ofﬁcers in imme-
diate charge of the work, of children
in the public schools. ’ The organiza-

practically limits it to children under
14 or 15 years of age; and the agri-
cultural training during this period,
whether in class or through the agri-
cultural clubs, is of necessity restrict-
ed to such instruction as the teacher
in charge of the school can ﬁnd time
to give outside of the many other
duties the curriculum requires.

If, as statistics reveal, the educa-
tion of the country child with few ex-
ceptions, ceases with the rural school,
it follows that the great body of young
people of the country are left without
special training that will give them
practical knowledge or acquaintance
with the business operations of a
farm.

In order, therefore, that opportunity
to become acquainted with agricultur-
al operations may be given to those
who have left the public school and
from whose ranks the future farmers
and their wives must be supplied, the
larmers’ institutes in the several
states have organized and are today
conducting What is known as “insti-
tutes for young people on the farm.”
The majority of these, however, are
not as yet institutes in the sense in
which the work of the farmers’ insti-
tute has come to be deﬁned. They
are in reality boys’ and girls’ clubs
conducted in the same manner as
those organized and operated by the
public schools.

That the institutes should have tak-
en up the work for young people along
lines similar to those of the schools,
is not surprising. The great need
among young people beyond the
school age for agricultural instruction
was so urgent that it could not be
longer delayed, consequently the in-
stitute undertook, to what extent it
could, to supply that need without
waiting to make thorough previous

 
The Scope of the Institute Can be Enlarged to Meet Educational Needs of the Youth of Our Farms.

mentary work along this important
line. There are a number of reasons
for this. The subject is new in school
work with children and the majority
of public -school teachers are not pre-
pared to give instruction in agricul—
ture and consequently no provision
had been made either for qualifying
a teaching force for imparting it or
for equipping the schools with suit-
able apparatus.

There is also the further difﬁculty

tion, however, is subject to general
oversight by the teacher in charge of
the school. The club activities are
mainly in the form of contests in judg-
ing grains and animals, with some
ﬁeld work, such as growing corn, po-
tatoes, or similar crops. The ﬁeld op-
erations are restricted to small areas,
and to comparatively few varieties of
products. The fact that the work for
the most part is conﬁned to young
people who are in the rural schools,

study of the conditions or of the meth-
ods best adapted to improving these
same conditions. It simply started,
and then following the lines of least
resistance, which have been the meth-
ods that Were pursued by the schools.
It has gone on until now a radical de-
parture from these methods is seen
to be necessary and is proposed.
Because of the fundamental difﬁ-
culty in securing teachers capable of
giving vocational instruction in agri-


. ._.i.;. w-“ ‘.

 
190—10

culture in the rural schools, and from
the fact that after the scholars leave
school no provision has been made for
giving them opportunity to receive
such instruction, the farmers’ institute
in certain sections has undertaken the
training in agriculture of rural chil-
dren after leaving school. In doing
this it has. found it necessary to drop
from its system of instruction the
purely educational feature and devote
itself strictly to the vocational in-
struction.

Such studies and practice, therefore,
as the institute utilizes, have in view
the perfecting of the Individual in his
vocation. The institute-trade-school
methods as intended for youth above
14 years of age, is the system most in
vogue. .It differs from the work car-
ried on by other agencies employed
in training country youth in that its
primary object is to build up a better
agriculture by teaching young people
methods for increasing crops, improv-
ing farm animals, restoring worn-out
soils, and disposing, in a proﬁtable
way, the products of farms in general.

The great object in View, therefore,
will be appreciated at once as being
to teach the youth how to make mon-
ey in agriculture. It is endeavoring
to do this by giving them information
respecting the raising of crops, the
breeding and care of animals, and by
bringing them to appreciate the value
of organization and co-operation in
securing enlarged political and com-
mercial advantages as well as better
social and intellectual privileges and
by teaching them how to secure and
use these same advantages. By un-
dertaking this work the farmers’ in-
stitute will be certain to occupy a
ﬁeld separate and distinct from all
others, and one which is not now cov-
ered by any other organization. It
will become the connecting link be-

T H E. M I c H IGAN FiA 'R-M'E R.

tween the agriculture ‘club movement
by the schools on the one hand, and
the regular farmers’ institute for
adults on the other.

The method best adapted to giving
vocational information is still to a cer-
tain degree unknown, yet it is assured
when we once discover the local rural
conditions and characteristics of rural
youth and their relation'to country
life by careful study and observation.
That an effective method should be
had is evident to all thinking men.
When it will be had will depend sole-
ly upon the seriousness with which
the whole matter of the vocational
training of country youth is regarded
by those who are in a position to pro-
vide for it. '

The very fact that there can be no
physical compulsion exerted in bring-
ing those who are to be reached to
attend any course of teaching makes
it at once necessary that the methods
employed for securing ‘their attend-
ance and attention be both attractive
and non-resisting. There are at least
two characteristics in the rural youth
that can be depended upon to respond
to proper appeal—ambition and the
desire for gain. With respect to the
ﬁrst, young people are naturally inter-
ested in a subject or exercise when
presented in the form of contest.
Their plays for the most part are of
this nature. When properly planned
and conducted such exercises not only
serve to interest young people, but
they possess in addition features of
great practical educational value.
They stimulate the creative faculties
of the contestants, teach the relation
between cause and effect, develop
power and desire to do things, show
how to apply knowledge gained from
books or school to solving the prob-
lems of life, and by keeping the mind
occupied with useful purposes they

. ~ »A “Hm149'llvomw-wiwwsamu. udmuo- 4:.»
, I

serve to stimulateéto further and more
determined effort.

The Contest method, therefore, has
wisely been adopted by the institute
for awakening interest and creating
enthusiasm among young people in ag-
ricultural operations. In this direction
lie great possibilities. To fully realize
these possibilities and beneﬁt by them
the institute should study to discover
additional subjects suitable for com~
petitions, and of value in the improve-
ment of rural affairs. The number of
such subjects in use at present is ex-
tremely limited, being conﬁned, in
crops, almost wholly to corn; in ani—
mal husbandry, to stock judging, and
in domestice science, to the prepara-
tion of a few of the simpler articles
of food diet. Exercises of this nature
should be extended to other lines of
rural activity, and be utilized by the
institute for instructing in a much
wider range of agricultural operations.

While the farm presents problems
most complex and difﬁcult to be thor-
oughly understood, on the other hand
many of its operations are apparently
so simple that they seem to require
no particular thought or skill for their
performance, and consequently come
to be regarded as of minor importance
when in truth, they are of vital im-
port.

Many of the manual processes are
of this character. They are largely
matters of practice, or operations re-
peated until a degree of dexterity is
acquired in their performance. The
general lack, however, of both knowl-
edge and skill on the part of many of
those who engage in these everyday
operations is very marked when their
performance by an ordinary worker is
compared with the rapidity and per-
fection of their execution by an ac-
complished expert.

In view of these facts, the institute

‘_SEPT._ 5, 1914’.» V‘

offers prizes to vyoungjpeople con-the

farm for superior skill and preﬁc'ie'n'cy
in manual processes, and hold com-
petitive exhibitions at which dexterity
and skill are recognized and regarded
approvingly. The most general and
common manual practices in need of
general improvement are the opera-
tions of milking, grooming horses,
wood chopping, fence building, corn
husking, ditching, draining, grain
shocking, mowing and stacking, fruit
gathering, fruit grading, fruit packing,
whitewashing, spraying, pruning,
plowing, horseshoeing, sheep shearing,
setting up implements, cotton chop.
ping, cooking, baking, canning, pre-
serving, dressmaking, house decorat-
ing, papering, millinery, and similar
everyday matters, all requiring skill,
the exercise of good judgment, and
discrimination for their proper per-
formance, while some demand a high-
ly cultivated aesthetic .‘taste.

In more progressive communities,
the list of contests also is extended to
the preparation of papers and the
holding of oral examinations upon sub-
jects requiring wider culture, knowl-
edge, and experience than those men-
tioned. Such a list embraces farm
management, orchard management,
landscape gardening, vegetable gar-
dening, ﬂower gardening, practical
dairying, preparation of balanced ra~
tions for all types of farm animals, as
well as papers upon local histOry,
laws, markets and sanitation.

The contest feature of the young
people’s institute is usually graded so
as to be as far as possible a complete
and progressive course. When com-
pleted a certiﬁcate is given to the
contestant stating the work perform«
ed by the contestant during the period
in which he or she was a member of
the institute. The course begins with

(Continued on page 193).

1HHIIHIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll HHHHHH!liHilll“HMllHill!lIHHIH1lHilllIlmmlillllllllllllllllllIllllllllllillllllllllmlllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHIIll“IilllllillllIllllIllIHllIIllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllmIllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllIlIIlIlIllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIIIllillilulllIIllllIlllIlllllI|NH“IllIIllllllllllllllilllllllllllllll|IlllllﬂlllllllHIllllllllIIIIIHIllllllmllIllllllIllﬂllmlillllﬂllllllllmllIllllllllllllllllﬂlllill

CHAPTER I.——'(Continued).
E was, however, a humane man,
H and considerate of the beasts
that worked for him, 'and ac-
cordingly thrust his hand inside the old
fur coat when he had loosed the unin-
jured horse, and drew out a long-blad-
ed knife. Then he knelt, and setting
down the lantern, felt for the place
to strike. When he found it his cour-
age almost deserted him, and meeting
the eyes that seemed to look up at
him with dumb appeal, turned his
head away. Still, he was a man who
would not shirk a painful duty, and
shaking off the sense of revulsion
turned again and stroked the beasts’
head.
“It’s all I can do for you,” he said.
Then his arm came down and a
tremor ran through the quivering
frame, while Winston set his lips
tightly as his hand grew warm. The
thing was horrible to him, but the life
he led had taught him the folly of
weakness, and he was too pitiful to
let his squamishness overcome him.
Still, he shivered when it was done,
and rubbing the knife in the withered
leaves, rose, and made shift to gird a
rug about the uninjured horse. Then
he cut the reins and tied them, and
mounting without stirrups rode to-
wards the bridge. The horse went
quietly enough now, and the man al.
lowed it to choose its way. He was
going home to ﬁnd shelter from the
cold, because his animal instincts
prompted him, but otherwise almost
without volition, in a state of dispas-
sionate indifference. Nothing ‘more,
he fancied, could well befall him.

 
CHAPTER II.
Lance Courthorne.
T was late when Winston reached
his logvbuilt house, but he set out
once more with his remaining
horse before the lingering daylight
crept out of the east, to haul the wag-
on home. He also spent most of the
day repairing it, because occupation
of any kind that would keep him from

[1'-

llllllllllllllHIIHIIIHIIIIHIIIH

” ''lllNH”IHIIIIHIHHIHHIIHIIHIIHHIlllllllilllllllilllmlIIIIIIIIIHILi IlllllllllmlllHIllIIHIIHIIIIlllllllllllllllllIIHIll|ill]l|llHlllIHIIlllllllllllllllllllll|Ill!IllNllllmlNHIHIIHIHINIHIlllllll|lllllllllIINlllllllllillllllllgsu

Winston of the Prairie

BY HAROLD BINDLOSS.

lillHilllllllllMllllllllllllllllllillllllllill

 
Copyrighted by Frederick A. Stokes Company.

llilllllllllll

a tllllllIIIHIlllﬂlllllllllllll[llllllilIIllIIHIIHIHIIHIIHHIIIlllllllllIllIllIHIll|IIlll|UllllllllllmlllllilllllllilllllIlllllllllllllIlllllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIillIHIIIIIIHIIlllllHilllllllllllﬂllIIH|llllIIHIIIIHIIIIHIIHII IE

_.]

Synopsis.

Richard Winston, the hero of the story, having ridden in from his back-
woods clearing to the pestoﬂice in the Canadian settlement in the hope of
receiving news of ﬁnancial assistance to carry on his farming operations,

meets only disappointment.

Returning on his twenty-mile dri’Ve to his cabin

in the cold and storm, his horses scare, plunge down an embankment

and one of them has to be killed.

unpleasant reﬂections appeared advis-
able, and to allow anything to fall out
of use was distasteful to him, al«

though, as the wagon had been built'

for tWo horses he had little hope of
driving it again. It was a bitted, gray
day with a low, smoky sky, and seem-
ed very long to Winston, but evening
came at last, and he was left with
nothing between him and his thoughts.

He lay in a dilapidated chair beside
the stove, and the little bare room
through which its pipe ran was per-
meated with the smell of fresh shav-
ings, hot iron, and the fumes of indif-
ferent tobacco. A carpenter’s bench
ran along one end of it, and was now
occupied by a new wagon pole the
man had fashioned out of a slender
birch. A Marlin riﬂe, an ax, and abig
saw hung beneath the head of an ante-
lope on the wall above the bench, and
all of them showed signs of use and
glistened with oil. Opposite to them
a few shelves were ﬁlled with simple
crockery and cooking utensils, and
these also shone spotlessly. There
was a pair of knee boots in one cor-
ner with a patch partly sewn on to
one of them, and the harness in an-
other showed traces of careful repair.
A bookcase hung above them, and its
somewhat tattered contents indicated
that the man who had chosen and evi-.
dently handled them frequently, pos-
sessed tastes any one who did not
know that country would scarcely
have expected to ﬁnd in a, prairie

farmer. A table and one or two rude
chairs made by their owner’s hands
completed the furniture, but while all
hinted at poverty, it also suggested
neatness, industry and care, for the
room bore the impress of its o'ccupi-
er’s individuality, as rooms not infre-
quently do.

It was not_difﬁcu1t to see that he
was frugal, though possibly from nec‘
‘essity rather than taste, not sparing
of effort, and had a keen eye for utility,
and if that suggested the question
why with such capacities he had not
attained to greater comfort, the an-
swer was simple. Winston.had no
money, and the seasons had fought
against him. He had done his utter-
most with the means at his disposal,
and now he knew he was beaten.

Winston’s nod signiﬁed comprehen-
sion, for the struggle between the
great range-holders across the frontier
and the smaller settlers who, with le-
gal right, invaded their cattle runs,
was just over. It had been fought out
bitterly with dynamite and riﬂes, and
when atlast, with the aid of the Uni-
tedﬁStates cavalry peace was made,
sundry broken men and mercenaries
who had taken the pay of both part-
ies, seeing their occupation gone, had
found a fresh scope for their energies
in smuggling liquor, and on opportu-
nity transferring cattle, without their
owner’s sanction, across the frontier.
That was then a prohibition ecuntry,
and the proﬁts and risks attached to

supplying it and the Blackfeet on the
reserves with liquor were heavy.

“Business this way?” said Winston.’

Courthorne appeared to consider a
moment, and there was a curious lit-
tle glint in his eyes which did not es—
cape his companion’s attention, but he
laughed.

“Yes, we’re making a big run,” he
said, then stopped and looked straight
at the rancher. “Did it ever strike
you, Winston, that you were like me?”

Winston smiled, but made a little
gesture of dissent as he returned the
other’s gaze. >They were about the
same height and had the same Eng-
lish type of face, while Winston’s eyes
were gray and his companion’s an in-
deﬁnite blue that approached the for-
mer color, but there the resemblance,
which was not more than discernible,
ended. Winston was quietly-spoken
and somewhat grim, a plain prairie
farmer in appearance, while a vague
but recognizable stamp of breeding
and distinction still clung to Court-
horne. He would have appeared more
in place in the states upon the south-
ern Atlantic seaboard, where the char-
acteristics the Cavalier settlers
brought with them are not extinct,
than he did upon the Canadian prai-
rie. His voice had even in his merri-
ment a little imperious ring, his face
was reﬁned as well as sensual, and
there was a languid gracefulness in
his movements and a hint of pride in
his eyes. They, however, lacked the
steadiness of Winston’s, and there
were men who had seen the wild devil
that was born in Courthorne look out
of them. Winston knew him as a
pleasant companion, but surmised
from stories he had heard that there
were men, and more women, who bit-
terly.rued the trust they had placed
in him. ,

“No,” he said dryily. “I scarcely

think I am like you, although only last
night Nettie at the settlement took
me for you. You see, the kind of life.-
I’ve led out here has set its mark on
(Continued on page 192).

 
T

‘and a boy or two to

cream

“SEPT. 15, .19] 4.

Little ; I_

Bob's Difficulty.

 
was telling hoW he dreaded having
Sunday come.
the outskirts of a large town and,
with them, he attended services there.

“I like church all right enough in
someways,” he said. “The minister
we have now knows how to interest
boys pretty well, and I like the music,
especially when they turn on the op-
eratic kind. But when it comes to sit-
ting up as straight and stiff as a dea-
con,
Rather weed out a big onion bed any
time.”

No one who knew him would have
doubted ‘his statement, for of late he
had got to lounging about so lawlessly
that Aunt Melvina had been obliged
to call him down—or up rather—for
three successive Sundays.

Tall boy that he was, his head had
a way of utterly disappearing before

His parents lived on‘

why I confess I don’t like it.‘

THE M I C H re AN F A:-=R;Mv-E:R
"':"¥‘arm F ables—By AUNT QUILLA

' « T; the sermon was half over, that no one
One hot Saturday in vacation Joe:

in the rear could see it. Meantime
his legs sprawled over so much terri-
tory in front that his feet had threat-
ened to crush the crisp hem of Aunt
Melvina’s frock so often that she had
been forced to call him to order with
several vigorous pokes of her parasol.

“You bet,” he concluded, “that I
would be mighty glad to get out of
sitting up straight in church.”

“Well,” replied Bob who had difﬁ-
culties of his own, “I have more trou-
ble outside of church than in.
since I charged Widow Green a quar-
ter more than it was worth for plow-
ing her garden my conscience has
poked me worse than Aunt Mell’s par-
asol and I guess I’ve got to make it
right or be miserable the rest of my
natural life. Reminds me of what I
was reading the other day: ‘It is eas-
ier to sit up straight in church than
to walk upright in the world.’ ”

llllllllllilllllllllllIllllllll|IllIIIll!|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIII!I”HIIllllflllllIIHHIHHHIIHH[HIHHIHHHIll”“IlllllllllllIHIIIHHHHHHHHlIHHHIIHHHHIll“HIHHIHHIll“IIHHIIHIIIIHHHHHHillIHHHHHIHHHH

The Shingle Weavers—By] A SYMES

N the long ago, ere the ﬁrst pioneermﬁ

farmers of that section of Mich-

igan known as “The River Coun-
try,” a tract of land lying north and
west of the village of Grand Rapids
on either side of Rogue River, and
extending clear through to Rice Lake,
the source of the river, had begun to
enter their homesteads, there were
crews of hardy woodsmen, nomadic in
their vocation, that followed the river,
never straying far from its banks, but
building their shack in some shelter-
ed grove of small spruce or hemlock.
These were known as “Shingle Weav-
ers.” The land along the river was
covered with a growth of lofty white
pine, with occasional cedar and hem-
lock swamps. A crew usually con-
sisted of about three able-bodied men,
“pack.” The
camp was selected with the sole idea
of having plenty of stock in sight.
No regard was paid to section lines,
as it was all “government land,” and
therefore nobody owned it.

A camp was constructed by plant-
ing two good strong crotches about
twelve feet apart, placing a pole
across at about eight feet from the
ground and laying several poles from
this ridge pole to the ground and cov-
ering the poles with hemlock boughs,
thus forming no mean shelter, the
dense forest breaking the lower strata
of air so there were no severe winds
closeto the earth. I have seen several
of these camps or shacks many years
after they had been deserted, all the
of the timber having been
worked up.

The ﬁrst thing after having select-
ed a site and constructing a camp was
to fell one of the giants of the forest,
tall, straight as an arrow, and a hun-
dred feet to the ﬁrst limb. The selec-
tion was made by boxing in about
three feet from the ground and split-
ting out a large chip and trying it to
see if it would “rive” good; that is,

to see if it would split freely and even
without eating from the sap toward
the heart.
the notch called the

If it proved to be good

timber, “scaff”

 
The Last Load and no Rain.

was, by repeated blows, sunk in to
near the heart on the side where the
trunk was expected to fall. The two
sawyers would then begin on the side
farthest from the boxing, and after
burying the saw for some ways, would
“corner” by sawing diagonally from
the corner of the boxing to the scaff
on the back side of the tree. This be-

 
11-491

 
Ever .

 
ing done to prevent the tree from
splitting when it is felled. If the butt!
showed signs of being shaky, it was
discarded altogether, sometimes leav-‘t
ing as much as ten feet; the top;
from "the ﬁrst limbs was also reject-;
ed. I have often seen tops and buttsl
rotting in on the ground that would,!
form a single tree contain a thou-l
sand feet of what would 110w be call-;
ed ﬁrst-class lumber.

While the sawyers and axmen were)
cutting the bolts, the boys busied
themselves by carrying in hemlocki
boughs for the bed and doing otherf_
light work. The bolts were sawed to:i
sixteen inches in length, unless uponfl
special Contract, eighteen-inch shin-l;
gles were wanted. The blocks, afterl
being split and spalts taken off, the,
shive was used to mark the thickness 3
of the butts of the shingles. The froe
was then used to rive the shingles,
which is splitting the bolt transverse
ly so that when shaved smooth, thel
butts will be about three- -eighths of!
an inch thick. The shaving is thei
part that requires the most craft and
skill. A good shingle shaver will have'
all shingles of uniform thickness atj
the butt and a true taper and not to
a feather thinness at the point, a t11ﬂe
narrower at the thin end than at the’
butt. The shaving is done by using
what is called a “shaving horse,” a
rude bench about six feet long with a
raised bed, so that when the rives are
laid on the butt and held in place with
a clamp operated with the foot, they
are readily shaved with a long drawing ,
knife. One man will rive for two
shavers and one boy will pack for
two shavers.

The packing is done by placing a'
band crosswise in the bottom of a‘

 
..............................

 
are

and
easi

bed

'll."'::-.-u.,,,,
'- ' H "'1 -.-.'.'. .,.,._..

 
Home Cheer
All Winter

cheery brightness; floors, Windows,
furniture, all clean and new with
paint and varnish.

, A Paints, Enamels, Stains, Varnishes

homes
make the work seem a pleasure.

Acme Quality Varno—lac makes pine ﬂoors look like
hardwood and easily kept clean. It renews old furniture

mentally
Quality No—Lustre do not harbor germs or hold dust.

Win t e r s e e m s
shorter in a home
Where everything
shines with fresh,

For

ACME can/71’

the ﬁrst aid to bright home keeping in thousands of
They are easy to use and give results that

 
scratched window sills. Acme Quality Enamel is
ly applied to beds, bathroom woodwork, refrigerators,
room furniture. Clean, bright. painted surfaces are
invigorating. Walls ﬁnished with Acme

Our two books, “Acme Quality Painting Guide" and
“Home Decorating," tell you exactly how every Acme
ﬁnish should be used and the proper surface on which
to use it. These are sent free, also name of nearest
Acme dealer.

 
”1""; Chicago

“I ACME WHITE LEAD &
COLOR WORKS
Dept. AA, Detroit, Michigan

4; Minneapolis

5‘ Louis Fort Worth Portland

Pittsburgh Dallu San F rancilco

Cincinnati Topeka Lo: Angelou '
San Diego

//i

  
Toledo Linc oln
Nashville Salt Lake City
Birmingham Spok ane

 
horn

 
NIH” Always the

Even
in the
big cities
where the

lighted by gas
or electricity, you
.will ﬁnd the kero-
sene lamp the favorite
reading light.

Because its soft mellow

glow. does will give everyone plenty of light.
not tire or R No need to
strain the a L sit right un-
eyes — if 0 amps der it to see.

No flicker,
y on have smoke or odor. For best results

a good lamp.

STANDARD 011. COMPANY (stress) Chicago, Ill.

      
Three
million
in i ddl e
w e s t e r n
families read,
sew, and study
through the long
winter evenings by
the clear, steady rays
of Raj/0 Lamps.

    
es are

\‘. 1/

A Raj/o on your center table

use Perfection Oil.

Dealers Everywhere. Illustrated book Free.

 
where.
‘ r- guarantee to give you better quality at less money and in

i at Cincinnati, St. Paul, Kansas City Scranton, Pittsburgh ,
1

’ W. I. MCOARRON & 00,.

Il "--- e

e I .
D I .
Yes Sir! I have positively reduced the h 1

prices so Very low that you can t afford to buy else-
No matter what your rooﬁng requirements are—l l .
1

 
quicker time than any other house.

I SHIP FROM 7 FACTORIES

and San Francisco, from thef tory nonrestﬁyour rtown consequen
saving you tImo and I'rolﬁht :hagrﬁoo. All Roo n2 is of the some quality
grade and comes m reen slate. Central Galvo. Mica Flint
and Gnvelaurfaced Rubbe I p
Send for BIEd Roofing Book and Free Samples
and be convinced at I can an do any. you money. Now is the time (Ii-x
“W?

to get busy- -so send today,s
i306 Dickey Bulldlnf;c CHICAGO. ILL.

llll

Formerly The Central Rooﬂ n. a 311

-—--_—.--—-- "

 
When Writing to advertisers

you

lease state that

saw their ad. in The ichigan Farmer.


Tlowto Get Lum5e?

at’Mill Prices is...

dthered to your station. We can fur-
nish you with stock shipped directly from our
yellow pine mills and save you a large amount
In the cost of your lumber. and supply you
with better lumber than sold by a great many
retail yards. The capacity of our yellow pine
mills is over 75 million feet per annum. and
we carry in stock over 25 million feet of dry
bright lumberfrom which to ﬁll orders. If you
contemplate budding, write us now for information.

We can furnish

Mill WOr Doors, Window Trim.

“Moulding, Porch Work. Hardwood, Flooring,
also Buildingr Paper, Plaster Board. and Roof-
ing of all kinds.

Procure our

Home Owners
mill prices be-
fore you buy. We

carpenters
C°ntract°rs assassin

material delivered. to your station. Special
bills sawed out. Estimates furnished promptly.
We can ship lumber in

Club orders the same car to two or

more parties, whenever requested. You can club
with your neighbors and get earl rates making
a big savmg on small orders.

Send No Money.

\Ve ship directly to any responsible party on
approva . You can unload and inspect every piece
of the shipment before paying us a cent.

Write to us now for

write TOdaY full particulars. We

can save you money and furnish you with guar-
anteed grades of lumber. A postal card from you
will bring full information regarding our liberal
method of doing business. Write today.

Home Lumber & Supply Co.
343 S. Dearborn St. Dept. 339I,_h.Chieng_o

 
Special LOW Prices On:

, Edwards STEEL Shingles

Prices on Edwards Steel
Shingles have been chis-
eled down to bed rock.
Never before could you
buy these famous steel
shingles at such low
prices. This is the one
big money-saving
chance you have waited
for. You can now buy
steel shingles that won’t
rot, rust, crack. burn or
leak for the cost of old
out-o'-date wood shin-
gles. Edwards STEEL
Shingles are in success-
ful use on over 135.000
homes.

Outlast
Any Building!

Come in big clusters

     
" e0” STEEL Shingle.
\t

a» . 1"
Edwards Griplock Boo

 
ready to put on. A few {1” ‘

nails, hammer and the /,;’,}’,'7"‘;|.~\\

hired man’s arm lay 100 /////I/"'1 ‘\\\\

at a Clip. 'len times [III/[Ad \\\\\\\\ ‘
faster and ten times {Ill/I’l/ll ‘r; \\\\\\\\>
easier than putting on N \

wood shingles. Ab30< .

lutely rust and leak Edwards Spanish Tile
proof. Guaranteed

against lightning dam-
age under $10,000 bond.
Ask us about this.

    
We Sell Direct .
Freight Paid ,_.

—with no middleman’s . 3 cit-22$

“rake-offs.” We under- Edwards “Steelcote”

3 cl] and out-sell every- Fireproof Garage. $495.

one on high-quality steel
rooﬁng. steel garages and other steel building
products. Drop us a postal. Simply say “Tell
me about your steel rooﬁng” and we’ll send our
startling low prices. (

THE EDWARDS MFG. COMPANY
917-967 Lock Street Cincinnati, Ohio

'l'hls Service-bl- Blb Apron.
Where have you oversee
such a remarkable bargain
You would ex set to pay
e uni quality.
9 show it here 0 give ‘you

an idea of tho smashing Va ues
oli‘ered In par Big In Book.
Write for It today—now.

Order Now

 
Send Today for
Bargain Book

of wearing apparel in new-
est styles. roe.
Write for its. SEND SURE
TODAY. San-faction unr-
nnteed or your money ck.

H ’ = 1‘ " ' mac‘ascssmr;

88 ’ .

_w. & II. WALKER ”amalgam s";

2 XMA -—N. Year and Greeting Post cards
I

10c. Try us and be satisﬁed.
A GER. AM. POST CARD 00.. Dept. 36. BurlingtonJa.

 
' 's‘and "Shingles;

- light hoop iron.

 
THE ' M to H IG'AN" ‘F .A' R Mm.

hoxlike' frame, holding one-half thou~
pressing them ﬁrmly
and fastening the hands together with
. None of the cheaper
grades of shingles were manufactur-
ed, as “stars” were only $1.50 per
thousand.

When’ a. sufﬁcient number of bunch-
es were packed to make an ox team
lead, some of the gang would take a
hike to the settlement and prevail on
someone with a team and wagon to
haul them to Grand Rapids on shares.
In the village they were “legal tender”
for corn meal, “nigger toe,” “rot gut”
and “pigtail,” meaning, in the par—
lance of the woods, molasses, whisky
and tobacco. Game and ﬁsh could be
had at any time of the year for the
seeking. Corn dodgers were baked
before the ﬁre made of shavings and
saps, ﬂitches of venison roasted or
grouse broiled over the coals. With a
pinch of salt, plenty of exercise, and
all outdoors for fresh air, a clean new
shingle every meal for a plate, con-
spired to develop a good healthy appe-
tite and a robust physique.

For recreation the boys made bows,
arrows and darts out of the soft free
pi‘he, snared rabbits and drowned
woodchucks, while the men hunted
ﬁshed and played cards with a pack
so greasy and pitchey that the jack
of spades could scarcely be told from
the queen of hearts.

Following on the heels of the shin-
gle weavers came the early lumber-
men, who took the'best of the remain-
ing timber, usually spending one win-
ter, what was made the previous one,
and in the end, as in most lotteries,
failing. Finally, with improved meth-
ods of manufacture and facilities for
transportation, business-like opera-
tions, and the increased price of the
product, fortunes were made lumber-
ing off the culls of these same pine
lands along the river. Farms have
been made, fenced with the stumps of
those once majestic, graceful trees,
and now their last vestige is being
destroyed by hauling the stumps and
roots to the towns and cities to be
consumed in the furnaces and ranges
as kindling wood.

The hardy race of “Lumber Jacks”
and “Shingle Weavers” have passed,
but their memories linger and their
works do follow them. A few years
ago I had occasion to repair a roof
that had done service for forty years.
Many of the shingles were sound and
bright as ever, except that part ex-
posed, which was worn out by the ele—
ments. The fact that the shingles
were nailed with the old cut lron
nails had much to do with the dura-
bility of the roof. Wire nails and
sawed shingles have shortened the
efﬁciency of wooden roofs.

WINSTON OF THE PRAIRIE.
(Continued from page 190).
me, and my folks in the old country
were distinctly middle-class people.
There is something in heredity.”

Courthorne did not parry the unex-
pressed question. “Oh, yes,” he said,
with a sardonic smile. “I know. The
backbone of the nation—solemn, vir-
tuous and slow. You’re like them, but
my folks were different, as you sur-
mise. I don’t think they had many
estimable qualities from your point of
view, but if they all didn’t go quite
straight they never went slow, and
they had a few prejudices, which is
why I found it advisable to leave the
old country. Still, I’ve had my ﬁll
of all that life can offer most folks out
here, While you scarcely seem to have
found virtue pay you. They told me
at the settlement things were bad
with you.”

Winston, who was usually correct
in his deductions, surmised that his
companion had an object, and expect-
ed something in return for this conﬁ-
dence. There was also no need for
reticence when every farmer in the
district knew all about his aﬁairs,
while something urged him to follow
Courthorne’s lead.

 
‘ ~ ~me:mw< “(Emma‘s-Mair

“‘Yes,” he said quietly.’ “They are.
You see, when I lost my cattle in the
blizzard, I had to sell out Or mortgage
the place to the hilt, and during the
last two years I haven’t made the in-,
terest. The loan falls due in August,
and they’re going to foreclose on me.”

“Then,” said Courthorne, “what is
keeping you here when the result of
every hour’s work you put in will go
straight into another man’s pocket?”

Winston smiled a. little. “In the
ﬁrst place, I’ve nowhere else to go,
and there’s something in the feeling
that one has held on to the end. Be-
sides, until a few days ago I had a.
vague hope that by working double
tides, I might get another crop in.
Somebody might have advanced me a
little on it because the mortgage only
claims the house and land.”

Courthorne looked at him curiously.
“No. We are not alike,” he said.
“There’s a' slow, stubborn devil in
you, Winston, and I think I'd be afraid
of you if I ever did you an injury. But
go on.”

“There’s very little more. My team
ran away down the ravine, and I had
to put one beast out of its misery. I
can’t do my plowing with one horse,
and that leaves me stranded for the
want of the dollars to buy another.
It’s usually a very little thing that
turns the scale, but now the end has
come, I don’t know that I’m sorry. I’ve
never had a good time, you see, and
the struggle was slowly crushing the
life out of me.”

Winston spoke quietly, without bit-
terness, but Courthorne, who had nev-
er striven at all but stretched out his
hand and taken what was offered, the
more willingly when it was banned
alike by judicial and moral law, dim-
ly understood him. He was a fearless
man, but he knew his courage would
not have been equal to the strain of
that six years’ struggle against loneli-
ness, physical fatigue, and adverse
seasons, during which disaster follow-
ed disaster. He looked at the bronz-
ed farmer as he said, “Still, you
would do a little in return for a hun-
dred dollars that would help you to go
on with the ﬁght?”

A faint sparkle crept into Winston’s
eyes. It was not hope, but rather the
grim anticipation of the man offered
a better weapon when standing with
his back to the wall.

“Yes,” he said slowly.
almost anything.”

“Even if it was against the law?”

Winston sat silent for almost amin-
ute, but there was no indecision in his
face, which slightly perplexed Court-
horne. “Yes,” he said. “Though I kept
it while I could, the law was made for
the safe-guarding of prosperous men,
but with such as I am it is every man
for his own hand and the devil to
care for the vanquished. Still, there
is a reservation.”

Courthorne nodded. “It’s unlawful,
but not against the unwritten code.”

“Well,” said Winston quietly. “When
you tell me what you want I should
have a better opinion.”

Courthorne laughed a little, though
there was something unpleasant in his
eyes. “When I ﬁrst came out to this
country I should have resented that,”
he said. “Now, it seems to me that
I’m putting too much in your hands if
I make the whole thing clear before
you commit yourself in .any way.”

Winston nodded. “In fact, you have
got to trust me. You can do so
safely.”

,“The assurance of the guileless is
astonishing and occasionally hard to
bear,” said Courthorne. “Why not re-
reverse the position?”

Winston’s gaze was steady, and free
from embarrassment. “I am,” he said,
“waiting for your oﬂer.” , .

“Then,” said Courthorne dryly, “here
it is. We are running a big lead
through to the northern settlements
and the reserves tomorrow, and while
there’s a good deal of proﬁt attached
to the venture, I have a notion that
Sergeant Stimson has bad word of it.

“I would do .

 
F 011020 your
business closely

by keeping not merely a
record of weights, but also a
Kodak picture record of your
stock at various ages, and the
development under different
food conditions,-—ﬁle in an'_
album for reference. Such a
record will enable you to fol-
low your business more close-
ly, because it is a record you
can keep, and the pictures
will tell the facts.

KODAKS. $6.00 and up.
BROWNIES. $1.00 to $12....

Ashlin-free catalogue at your dealers.
or we will mail it.

EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY,
389 State Street, ROCHESTER, N. Y.

 
.‘ ~ - forhome.school.church orhall. ’
, Write today fortho Kalamazoo Catalog
I, showing how easily you or any Handy
; man can install the Kalamazoo King
.- ~ ' Furnace in spare time and save $25 to 875.

Only Small First Payment Needed
Take a. Year’s Approval Test

Deal direct with factory—have advice of experts
to go by and be sure that your system is a'heat
' . saver. Get low factory price-we pay freight.
Write todayfor catalog No.909
Kalamazoo Stove Company! Manufacturers

Kalamazoo. M an

 
Two Valuable Books
SENT FREE
The “RANGE PROBLEM”
and “CASH IN

on the OLD STOVE”

- Tellsyouhowto
discard your old

stove with advan~

, tage and proﬁt.
/ " Shows how you
can easily have
Better Cookincwitll
Len Work and a
Bil Savinx of Fuel.

[Ml/Muffin};

 
WRITE TODAY l Address
IW rm IRIS! ca.
778 lol- Strut
I". III. Wises-uh

 
Wm

 
TRY STEELWHEELS

- The Empire Kind

than.

  
When writing advertisers please

 
mention The Michigan Farmer

 
“I’M.“

ismnxaimt

Now, the Seargeant knows Just how I
stand-amith the rustlers though he can
fasten no charge on me, and he will
have several of his troopers looking
out for me. Well, I want one of them
to: see and follow me south along the
Montana trail. There’s no horse in
the government service can keep pace
with that black of mine, but it would
not be‘diﬂicult to pull him and just
keep the trooper out of carbine-shot
behind. When he finds he can’t over-
take the black, he’ll go off for his
comrades, and the boys will run our
goods acress the river while they’re
picking up the trail."

“You mentioned the horse, but not
yourself,” said Winston quietly.

Courthorne laughed. “Yes,” he said.
“I will not be there. I’m oﬂering you
one hundred dollars to ride the black
for me. You can put my furs on, and
anybody who saw you and knew the
horse would certify it was me."

“And where will you be?"

_“Here,” said Courthorne dryly. “The
boys will have no use for me until
they want a guide, but they’ll have an
unloaded pack horse handy, and, as it
wouldn’t suit any of us to make my
connection with them too' plain, it will
be a night or two later when I join
them. In the meanwhile your part is
quite easy. No trooper could ride you
down unless you wanted him to, and
you’ll ride straight on to Montana—-
I've a route marked out for you. You’ll
stop at the places I tell you, and the
testimony of anybody who saw you on
the black would be quite enough to
clear -me if Stimson’s men are too
clever for the boys.”

Winston sat still a moment, and it
was not avarice which prompted him
when he said, “Considering the risk
one hundred is very little."

“Of course,” said Courthorne. “Still,
it isn’t worth any more to me, and
there will be your expenses. .If it
doesn’t suit you, I will do the thing
myself and ﬁnd the boys another
guide."

. He spoke indifferently, but Winston
was not a fool, and knew that he was
lying. '

“Turn your face to the light,” he
said sharply.

A little ominous glint became visi-
ble in. Courthorne's eyes, and there
was just a trace of darker color in
his forehead, but Winston saw it and
was not astonished. Still, Courthorne
did not move.

“What made you ask me that?” he
said.

Winston watched him closely, but
his voice betrayed no special interest
as he said, “I fancied 1 saw a mark
across your cheek. It seemed to me
that it had been made by a whip.”

The deeper tint was still visible on
Courthorne’s forehead, where. the
swollen veins showed a triﬂe, and he

’ appeared to swallow something before

he spoke. j‘Aren’t you asking too
many questions? What has a mark
on my face to do with you?”

“Nothing,” said Winston quietly.
“Will you go through the conditions
again?” . .

Courthorne nodded. “I pay you one
hundred dollars—now,” he said. “You
ride south tomorrow along the Mon-
tana trail and take the risk of the
troopers overtaking you. You will re-
main away a fortnight at my expense,
and pass in the meanwhile for me.
Then you will return at night as
rancher Winston, and keep the whole
thing a secret from everybody.”

(Continued next week).

 
INSTITUTES FOR BOYS AND
GIRLS.

 
(Continued from page 190).

the simple exercise, like growing
some common crop and end with the
more diﬂicult, as a daily record for 12
months of operations of a farm, with
comments on these operations, and
a set of books showing the loss or
gain‘ of the enterprise for the year.

The series of courses embrace cer-

THE MICHIGAN 'FA'RMER

eal crops, staple crops, forage crops,
marketing products, etc., requiring for
graduation the completion of the
course. By thus systematizing the in-
struction experience is had along all
lines of farm operations. A similar
course is prepared for contest work in
domestic science and household art.

In a few states the farmers’ insti-
tutes and the college of agriculture,
by conducting what are called boys'
encampments, have interested in ag-
ricultural subjects many boys who
would not join the ordinary club con-
test. The camping-out idea appeals to
them as a pleasant and enjoyable di-
version, and the lectures, demonstra-
tions, and judging contests which
form a part of their daily life for the

'week or two during which the camp

is held are pursued with pleasure as
well as with proﬁt. Their interest is
aroused by the scientiﬁc features of
subjects which they have before un-
derstood and which are here exhibited
in their relation to the practical.
Many boys who otherw.se would nev-
er have been reached are thus started
in search of further useful informa-
tion. ‘ These boys’ encampments are,
strictly speaking, young peoples' in-
stitutes. The members live and study
together during the entire meeting;
prizes are awarded for winners in
stock, grain, and similar judging con-
tests, and for proﬁciency in other ag-
ricultural subjects as determined by
a ﬁnal examination of the Work pur-
sued at the encampment.

The time and place of meeting, the
outlining of programs, the selecting of
speakers, and all other arrangements
for the young peoples’ institutes is un-
der the direction of. the regular farm-
ers’ institute, and the expenses are
paid by this organization. The insti—
tute for young people will thus be-
come a branch of the regular farmers’
institute, organized and conducted en-
tirely by it.

The custom in this work is to hold
three meetings each year—one in the
early spring, another in midsummer,
and a third in the late fall. The ﬁrst
or spring meeting is for instruction
along lines that are to be put into
practice and followed during the
spring and summer. The autumn
meeting is devoted more especially to
a discussion of the results obtained
from putting the information received
at the previous meetings into practice
and for judging contests and award-
ing prizes to prize winners. The mid-
summer meeting in some instances,
might in addition, be made a ﬁeld
meeting or an encampment at whiCh
the exercises would costly be in con.
nection with observation of growing
crops and the examination of farms,
orchards, herds and ﬂocks in the neigh~
borhood where the institute or en-
campment is held.

The instruction is by lectures and
demonstrations, given by competent
institute speakers, much in the same
manner as is now practiced in dealing
with adults, and special effort is made
to induce free discussion of the var-
ious points that the speakers present.

What the secondary ‘schools may
ultimately accomplish in this direc-
tion has not yet been revealed. In
the meantime these vouths are grow-
ing up, many of them with no proper
appreciation of country life or of its
advantages and opportunities in a
business way over those of the towns
and cities. The farmers’ institutes
may change all this by modifying its
present methods to suit the ages,
needs, and degrees of advancement of
these youth. It should avail itself of
the opportunity now presented and co-
cupy this ﬁeld. It is far better to go
ahead and instruct and interest the
lad and lass while in youthful years,
than to set around a parlor stove and
discuss the vital problem, “Why do
our young people leave the farm?”

Second weekly installment of the
splendid serial, “WINSTON OF THE
PRAIRIE,” appears on page 190.

 
,, M.
\ e-\'////Z;Wlﬂ '

\ \

     
SHOTGUNS

are all branded “ J. Stevens ,
Arms & Tool Company, Chicopee Falls,
Mass, U. S. A." Wherever you buy one
you know that our guarantee is behind it.
If you ever want a repair you know where to get
it. Our name on the gun is your protection.

No. 105 Single Barrel Shotgun. Plain Ex.
tractor. List Price $5.50.

No. 107 Single Barrel Shotgun.
Ejector. List Price $6.00.

Sold by retail dealers, except west of Mississippi River and in
Canada, at $4.75 for No. _105 and $5.00 for No. 107 Barrels
and lugs forged ,in one piece from a solid bar of steel. Choke
bored for either Smokeless or
{S Black Powder. Barrclan‘d Stock
\\\\\|. hand ﬁtted. Fore-ends exert
iljlllll strong pressure to keep gun

Automatic

 
1

 
tight and will not shoot loose.
Easily taken
down without

/
,
.____%_______ A

’1’ 1' ' 5.: .. .. fawn" .. ‘
. .z_ w- "u “w 3
-_ a / I\ / lllll

 
. as 1"“
"Kite/pJ .\ tractors.
., Q
spams (6?
No. 235 Double Barrel '

Hammer Gun.’

List Price $15.00, Sold by
retail dealers at $12.50, ex-
cept west of Mississippi
River and in Canada. Has
all of the long range, close shooting qualities for
which all STEVENS guns are noted. Made for
hard use and heavy loads of any factory ammuni-
tion, Smokeless or Black Powder. Made in both
12 and 16 gauge; 26, 28, 30 or 32 inch barrels; right
barrel modiﬁed; left barrel full choked. Every gun
bears our name and is backed by our guarantee. If
your dealer hasn’t these guns in stock he will secure
them for you. Our special shotgun catalog sent FREE
on request. It contains information that will interest any shooter.

J. STEVENS ARMS 8t TOOL CONIPANY

15 Broadway
CHICOPEE FALLS, MASS.

 
The extra wear'
costs you no more

Save money by buying the best work clothes. .
‘ Over one million farmers insist on having

_ ‘YWCKSL
a “DETROIT SPECIAL."

They are made of the heaviest New England denim, cut extra full
and roomy, and made as well as the best Union garment makers can
make them. There are twelve deep pockets in every suit. Suspend-
ers are broad, With a good length of real elastic, and don't slip down.

A PAIR FREE. To the_ﬁrstman sending us the name of a mer-
chant in a town where Finck’s “Detroit Special” Overalls are not
now for sale, we Will send a pair (size and style desired) of overalls
free the moment we get the ﬁrst order from that merchant.

“Wear Like a Pig's Nose”
W. M. Flnck 81 Company. I I62 Gratin! Ave.
JAMES 1.. LEE. Treasurer Detroit. Mich.
Makers of the bat in overall: for over 25 years
The “Pig's Nose” ticket is on every garment.
. Don’t buy‘unless you see it.

I SHADE

ROLLERS .
. Original and unequalled.
Wood or iin rollers. "Improved

saw-v.21
Q

 
FREE BOOK ON MOTORING

ANEW or rzAchc Explains how we assist YOU in
WHY“ . 5" ""L the Auto Business as Repairman.
D K: . Chauffeur, Salesman or Auto Mo
WORKING MODELS clianician. with DYKE NEW
(mun mum-am IDEA W 0 R K IN G MODES.

Good salaries. Our employment plan tells how. Beware of
imitators. Let us tell you the names of some of our students.
requires no tacks. Inventor's Send for [his book (0-day.

signature on genuine: Webb-”’1“ Motor School, “37D.WBIIII 8L. Phila., PA.

-—’ I: MEN -WANTED

W: positively teach you at home by mail to am
I 5 to 350 weekly as Chauffeur or Repairman.
L a r L d L k ' indent. uni-ted to positions, Boat Iyltem. lav-t price.

9 e a les 00 . MODELS rvnmsiizn. Wm. M rm noon.
éprons,Bung_alow.Kimona and Dress aprons for {Ocand PRACTICAL AUTO SCHOOL 66 W. Benet 8‘" N" York.
155:. Alsophiidren's cover all aprons 100 when ordered
With Ladies. Mone refunded if not. satisfactory, ANTED POSITION—As manager of poultry farm.

Made Well Mfg. 00.. 46 Woodward Ave..Detroit.Mioh. . (White Leghorn preferred.) At liberty 0012.11“:-
0. S. HARRISON. 28 Taylor Bt.. Pontiac. Michigan.

Railroad Watch

“lie adv-rule our business. make now friends and introduce our name
of Wazoh bargains In will send this elegantlhilroed wawli by mall pee

 
I pull.
, - . for ONLY 95 CENTS. Gentleman's nu. mums-wimp“
\ , i one, locomotive on dial, ever uupomens,uem wind and Juan let, sported
\.;‘4 x ‘ (luncheon: and fully panned far 5 yous. Send this “unis-um to u
‘Ilh 95 CENT: and watch will be sent by return mall post paid.

Built-otte- gum: or money rerun Ad me

dod. Bond 960 today. 6
I. E. CWERS & 60.. 538 So. Dearborn St, CHICAGO.

  
I YEAR '
GUARANTE E


SEPT. 5:, 1914»

 
V 01118133113 Her Needs

At Home and Elsew ere

==§3

 
[r 33'? n

 
Pleasant Conversation.

CERTAIN woman, whosew books

for girls are making her name

well known, traces most of her
success to her ability to make “pleas-
ant conversation.” Her characters
talk much, they talk entertainingly,
pleasantly, but not bookishly. The
reader likes the book folks, and talks
the books up into “best sellers,” be-
cause of the bright conversation.

Among her friends the modest au-
thor is equally famous for her “pleas-
ant conversation.” Like the girl in
the olden fairy tale, pearls and dia-
monds drop from her lips when she
speaks. There is much that is un-
pleasant in her life, but you never
hear of it from her. She speaks only
of the sunshine which occasionally
comes her way; of the little gift this
friend made her; the book another
loaned her; the lecture for which a
distant relative sent her a ticket. You
know from other sources that the
friend who made the gift only did it
as a sop to conscience for previous
neglect and abuse, but the writer lady
forgets that. She thinks, and rightly,
that the world is not interested in her
troubles only as they furnish food for
gossip, so she keeps them to herself.

In fact, she keeps most personali-
ties to herself, only telling personal
things which will put someone else in
a better light. Life is more to her
than the little things of the day, and
she talks mostly of matters of general
interest. The woman movement, the
child labor problem, educational move-
ments of all sorts, politics, religion,
books, art, all reforms, are to her of
greater importance than how tired
she was when she got up this morn-
ing, how she likes her eggs cooked,
and the disagreeable things her broth-
er said at breakfast.

This one woman is an Inspiration to
her friends because of her conversa-
tion. But she is one in 10,000, for
with most of us the personal is our
chief topic of conversation. We talk
of ourselves or about our neighbors
the greater part of the time. In fact,
some of us never talk of anything
else, never have even a ﬂash of inspir-
ation to lighten the dead level of our
conversation.

The optomist brags of her success,
the size of her. houSe, her new parlor
rug, the money cleared this year, how
Well Mary is doing in music, and
Johnnie in school, her stylish new
dress, etc., ect. Between times she
sighs for friends and relatives who
aren’t doing so well, and remarks on
the cut of your dress and the size of
your pumps.

The pessimist tells you her troubles,
real or near, mostly near. Everything
is only coming out half a crop, she
works from morning till night and
never gets any sympathy, the children
are going to turn out bad, John’s
mother is trying to make trouble In
the family, the family across the road
are light-ﬁngered-you know all the
rest.

The idea is that it is all personal—
unrelieved by any hint that your
friend has ‘an inner life which mere
things can not touch. If she has a
mind capable of grasping ideas out-
side of her personal ambitions she sel-
dom mentions it. The woman who
does venture to go beyond clothes,

babies, recipes and gossip is looked
upon as queer.

If we all stopped to analyze our
conversations, would we not change?
Are you interested, for instance, in
your neighbors’ troubles in a sympa-
thetic way? Hardly! You are inter-
ested only if they promise to make
gossip-just the everyday worries
bore you to death, they’re so much
like your own. Why, then, should you
expect her to be interested in yours?

Why talk about your troubles, any-
way, and leave an impression of un-

happiness? As Montague Glas‘s puts
it, “The only difference between the
happy ones and the unhappy ones IS
the happy ones keep still about their
troubles.” Why not, then, gain a rep-
utation for happiness by cheerful con.
versation? In order to make it you
will have ﬁrst, to think it, and as
thoughts make the man you’ll become
happy in time.

Why not build up the whole tone of
your conversation? Instead of talk-
ing of people, talk of things and ab-
stract ideas. You’ll be more interest-
ing and in time more interested. And
life will lose much of its sordidness.

DEBORAH.

HHHIlllllIlllIIIHIHHIIHHINIIIHllllIllll|||Ill|lllllllIll|Illll|IIlllllllllIllllIIIllIIHIIlIIlllllllllllllllllililli!||ll[llI|IIIIHIIIHHIIIIIHIIIIlllllllllllllll||llll|HHIIllllllllllllllllHlllllIHHIIIII|IIIIllllllllllllllllHIIIIHIIIIHIIIIHIII

A Sheaf of Suggestions for the Beginner.

As I recall my youth, with its ig-
norance, trials and mistakes, I feel
that I would like to offer a few hints
that might help, some other young
home maker. Experienced housekeep-
ers, not being interested will doubtless
“skip it.”

To know how to make good fudge
is doubtless quite an accomplishment,
but to know how to make good bread
and pie will please Mr. Young Hus!
band much better. For good pie crust,
take three cups of flour, one cup of
lard, one-half teaspoon of salt and
about half a cup of water. Rub the
lard into the ﬂour, add the water and
salt, mix and roll out. This makes
the crust rich and ﬂaky, good enough
for anybody. As there is a difference
in lard it may not always be the
same, but experience or practice will
show you when it is right. Should
you sometime think it not quite rich
enough, dot the upper crust with bits
of lard just before putting in the oven.

There are so many things to make
pies of that it is hardly worth while
to name them. A raisin pie is ’most
too good to eat, made with one cup of
raisins, one cup of sugar, one cup of
sweet cream. Bake with two crusts.
It is quite as good, though not so rich,
with one beaten egg in a cup of milk,
in place of the cup of cream.

Fruit, for pies or anything else,
should always be washed and the
washing is not only a simple matter
but the fruit is easier handled. If you
have berries to wash, put water into
pail or pan and pOlll‘ the berries into
it. Have more than enough to cover
the fruit, then pick them over, from
the water. You can'pick them up
without bruising them at all and when
they are looked over they are clean.
Pit your cherries in the same way. It
isn’t necessary to break every cherry
open, you can soon learn to tell a
wormy cherry by the feeling, and also
a wormy cherry has a dirty pit, but
break any that appear at all sus—
picious.

If apples are washed before paring
and care taken not to put in any
wormy cores, the peelings may be
used for jelly. Peaches and pears are
not so “mussy” if taken from water,
and should be put into water as pared,
to prevent turning black.

I have no difficulty in having canned
fruit to keep. I boil the can covers,
keep my fruit boiling while ﬁlling
cans, see that the covers are perfectly
air tight by turning upside down, and
never, never tighten a cover after the
fruit is cold. I am careful not to
even lift the covers. That is about all

there is to canning, sugar or no sugar

makes no difference.

Meat, thoroughly cooked and'can-
ned the same way will keep for
months.

Sweet apples are not appreciated as
they should be; they make one of the
most delicious sauces. Wash the ap-
ples, cut in halves, core and lay in a
baking pan, side down, a layer of ap-
ples, sprinkle liberally with sugar and
dot with butter. Add as many layers
as desired. Nearly cover with water
and bake until tender. When done the
water should form a rich, thick syrup,
but care should be taken that they do
not become dry. If the syrup should
be too thin, it can be boiled down af-
ter the apples are taken up, and when
done poured over the apples. Talman
Sweets are delicious cooked«this way.

Mix a little ﬂour or cornstarch with
your sugar when cooking juicy fruit,
set the fruit back where it will stop
boiling while you stir in the sugar and
ﬂour, and then let boil up again.

When cooking eggs, melt some but-
ter in your frying pan or a granite
dish, break in the eggs and your
around them some good rich milk or
cream. Add salt and pepper as liked,
and fry as usual, or they may be bak-
ed, but require more time. Or, after
melting the butter, put in a few thin
slices of cheese, put in the eggs, milk,
seasoning, and bake. They are good
broken into boiling milk instead of
water when poaching them.

Now just a few words about butter-
making, and I am done. So many
times you will head someone say, “I
can’t make good butter, we only milk
one cow and it takes so long to get a
churning.”

That’s all nonsense. You can make
good butter if you only have half the
milk from one cow. You can make
good butter from a teacup of cream,
but, of course, there will not be much
of it.

The secret of good butter-making is
this, when your cream is ready to
churn, churn it. Whether it is every
day or once a week. Never churn less
often than once a week, and twice' a
week usually is about right, though
there may be times when that isn’t
often enough. Don’t let the cream rot
before you skim it, and skim with as
little milk in it as possible, and when
it is ready, churn it. You can shake
it in a fruit jar, if you like, stir it
with a wooden paddle, silver fork or
spoon, use the ice cream freezer or
you can make a little churn out of a
crock. I stir the cream from two
cows in a milk crock, with a butter
stick, but do it any way you like, just
so you do it.——W.

 
HELP THE RURAL HOME.

 
The International Congress of Farm
Women has now fairly launched a
movement to erect a Farm Woman’s
building on the grounds of the Pana-
ma-Paciﬁc Exposition. This farm
house is to represent every advance
that has been made to make life on-
the farm and in the farm household
more attractive. The model farm
home is to be built by the women of
America for the women of the world
to see and enjoy at the. exposition.

It will cost, not half a million, as
did the model village at Ghent, Bel-
gium, last year, but the modest sum
of $50,000, and in order that as many
Women as possible may own a brick
or a step or a pan in it, each farm
woman is only going to be asked to
tender her good ofﬁces with her
neighbors.

Will you not at once send us your
name and address with an offer to do
a little service for us? All we ask
just now is a few minutes of your
time—nothing more. Write to Mrs.
Belle V’D. Harbert,
Century Building, Denver, Col, and
she will tell you just how you can be
helpful to the cause.

 
HOME QUERIES

 
Household Editor: —How do you
make German coffee cake?——Mrs. D

The coffee cake is easily made when
you are baking bread. Take enough
dough to make a medium-sized loaf,
add two-thirds of a cup of melted but-
ter, one-half cup sugar, one teaspoon
of salt, two slightly beaten eggs and
a lemon rind grated. Mix thoroughly
into the dough and set to raise. When
light mix down and spread as evenly
as .possible in two or three pie tins.
When light again, brush with beaten
egg, sprinkle thickly with granulated
sugar and cinnamon mixed, and bake
about 20 minutes in a quick oven.

Household Editor: —-Can you give
me a nice recipe for stuffed cabbage?
—Mary B

Clean the cabbage thoroughly and
hollow out the stalk end. Fill with a
stuffing of chopped beef, and bread-
crumbs soaked in milk, bound with
beaten egg, and steam until the cab-
bage is tender.

Household Editor: —Can you tell
me how to put down sardines in mus-
tard so they taste like those We buy?
Will small fruit can do to put them
in?—Mrs.

I do not think you could do this
successfully at home.

Household Editor: ——Can you give
me any recipes fox pickling cucum-
bers?—Mrs. L. K

Chop two dozen ripe cucumbers, six
onions and four peppers, leaving
rather coarse. Add one cup of salt
and one ounce of mustard; place in a
bag and drain one day. Then put In
cans, cover with cold vinegar and
seal

Peel and quarter ripe cucumbers,
remove the seeds and place in brine
three days. Put- in clear water one
day, changing the water at night. In
the morning put one pint of vinegar,
one pound of brown sugar, two spoon-
fuls of broken cinnamon, a piece of
ginger root and some mace in the
preserving kettle, add the cucumbers
and cook until tender. Then seal in
Jars.

Ripe cucumbers, or watermelon rind
may also be used in your mixed pick-

les instead of green cucumbers.

 
president, 340'

 
,.4w..~s..._ _.,

 
SEPT. 5,1914. -

15-195

 
lEllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllillIllllllllih.llmlllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllliIllllillllllllllllllllilillllllllllllllll., lllllllIlllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllﬂ
is. . ~ 1' . ' E
g PI‘ﬂCthal SCICHCC. g

E ..
EMU"|||lllllllllllllllll|l|llllllllIll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllIlllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllilllll|lllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllﬁ

CANNING VEGETABLES IN THE
HOME. . .-

fractional sterilization, and this princi-
Lle constitutes the whole secret of
canning. If the housewife will only
(Continued from last week). bear this in mind she will be able,
Germs which cause decay may be with a little ingenuity, to can any
divided into three classes—yeasts, meat, fruit or vegetable.
molds and bacteria. All three of these Exclusion of the Air.
are plants of a very low order, and all Even after sterilization is complete
attack other plants of a higher order the work is not yet done. The spores
in somewhat the same way. Every of bacteria are so light that they ﬂoat
housewife is familiar with the yeast about in the air and settle upon al-
plant and its habits. It thrives in Sub- most everything. The air is alive with
stances containing sugar, which it de- them. A bubble of air no larger than
composes or breaks up into carbonic a pea may contain hundreds of them.
acid and alcohol. This fact is made Therefore it is necessary after ster-
use of in bread making, as well as in illzing a jar of vegetables to exclude
the manufacture of distilled spirits. carefully all outside air. If one bac-
Yeasts are easily killed, so they can terium or one of its spores should get
be left out of consideration in can- in and ﬁnd a resting place, in the
ning vegetables. Molds, like yeasts, course of a few days the contents of
thrive in mixtures cOntaining sugar, the jar would spoil. This is why the
as well as in acid vegetables, such as exclusion of air is an important fac-
the tomato, where neither yeasts nor tor, not because the air itself does
bacteria readily grow. Although more any damage but because of the ever-
resistant to heat than yeasts, they are present bacteria.
usually killed at the temperature of All of this may seem new-fashioned
boiling water. As a general rule, and unnecessary to some housekeep-
molds are likely to attack jellies and era. The writer has often heard it
preserves and are not concerned with said, “my grandmother never did this,
the spoiling of canned vegetables. and she was the most successful wom-
The spoiling of vegetables is due pri- an at canning that I ever knew." P03-
marily to bacteria. sibly so, but it must be remembered
Bacteria are also much more resist- that grandmother made her preserves
ant to heat than yeasts. They thrive ——de1icious they were, too—and can-
in products like milk and in meats ned her tomatoes, but did not attempt
and vegetables rich in protein, such to keep the most nutritious and most
as peas, beans, etc. All known spe— delicately ﬂavored vegetables, such as
cies of molds require air in‘ which to lima beans, string beans, okra, aspar-
work. This is not true of bacteria, agus, or even corn.

 
certain species of which will live and
cause vegetables to decompose even

So-called “Preserving Powders."
There are a great many brands of
so-called “preserving powders” on the

 
T HE M I CHI GA N ‘ F-A R M E R

  
10,000 Persons
Would Not Now
Be Homeless If
All Salem Build-

ings Had Been
Roofed With

1.1-!!! Assesros ROOFING

“ The Roll of Honor"

Proﬁt by the lesson of the great
wooden shingles on your buildings!

Salem, Mass., ﬁre. Don’t put

If you do, you will have to trust to luck that ﬁre will not come your way.

 
And you will ﬁnd them extremely
expensive, too, because they have to be

 
constantly repaired.

at: Malaria]

 
If you value safety and real economy, .
use J-M Asbestos Rooﬁng.

It resists ﬁre—never requires painting
or repairing—and is absolutely and per-
manently water-tight.

Get rooﬁng service out of a single
investment that pays dividends in ﬁre
protection and freedom from bother and
expense for years to come I

GET J-M ASBESTOS ROOFING!

J-M TRANSITE ASBESTOS
SHINGLES also provide absolute ﬁre
protection and add to artistic appear-
ance by their attractive colors and
rough edges.

J-M Regal Rooﬁng is recognized as

   
_ the tinder-like shingle roofs.

 
the most serviceable brand of wool-
felt rooﬁng.

Write Nearest Branch Today for

 
Descriptive Booklet 4240

  
SHINGLES TO BLAME

ASSACHUSETTS is still bending I
thoughtful brow over the ruins of Salem.
Everybody agrees that the one thing
which contributed most to the spread of the
ﬁre was—shingles. House after house burst
into ﬂame the instant the rain of sparks touched

O a O

u: dry, weathered shingle makes

about the ﬁnest kindling known. in a closely

populated town a brisk wind carries ﬂames over

shingle roofs as ﬁre sweeps over» sunburnt
prairie grass.

' The Bay State is using the Salem ﬁre to
start I strong argument against shingles. lt
yill do the rest of the country no harm to listen.
Wan-—

 
H. W. JOHNS-MANVILLE COMPANY

Manufacturers of Asbestos Stucco; Pipe Coverings: Cold Storage Insulation:
Water-proofing; Sanitary Specialties; Acoustical Correction; Cork Tiling, etc.

Albany Chicago Detroit
Baltimore Cincinnati Indianapolis .
Boston Cleveland Kansas City
Buﬁ‘alo Dallas Les Angelee rAgw.‘ ,

    
Louisville
Milwaukee Omaha
Minneapolis Philadelphia St. Louis

* New Orleans Pittsburgh Syracuse 2646

San Francisco
Seattle

New York

THE CANADIAN H. W. JOHNS-MANVILLE C0., LIMITED

Toronto Montreal

Winnipeg

Vancouver

 
when no air is present. When these

 
particular species are present the ex- market. These are sold, not only un-
clusion of air is no safeguard against der, advertised trade names, but by
decay, unless the vegetable is ﬁrst druggists and peddlers everywhere. In
thoroughly sterilized. Bacteria are so the directions for use the housewife
small that they can only be seen with is told to ﬁll the jar with the fruit or
a microscope, and they reproduce vegetable to be canned, to cover with
themselves with amazing rapidity. water, and to add a teaspoonful of the
One bacterium under favorable condi~ powder. It is true that these powders
tions will produce about twenty mil— may prevent the decay of the fruit or
lions in the course of 24 hours. Ac- vegetable, but they also encourage un-
cordingly certain vegetables spoil cleanly, careless work, and in the '
more rapidly than others, because hands of inexperienced persons may
they furnish a better medium for bac- be dangerous. While,.with small dos-
terial growth. es the inﬂuence may not be apparent

The reproduction of bacteria is in an adult in normal health, with 8.
brought about by one of two proces- child or an invalid the effect may be
es. The germ either divides itself in- of a serious nature. The proper way
to two parts, making two bacteria. to sterilize is by means of heat, and
where one existed before, or else re- as this can be done very easily and
produces itself by means of spores. cheaply the use of chemical preserva-
These spores may be compared with tives in canning is not to be recom-
seeds of an ordinary plant and they mended.
present the chief difﬁculty in canning“ Kinds of Jar.
vegetables. While the parent bacteria The ﬁrst requisite for successful
may be readily killed at the tempera- canning is a good jar. Glass is the
ture of boiling water, the seeds retain most satisfactory. Tin is more or less
their vitality for a long time even at soluble in the juices of fruits and vege-
that temperature, and upon cooling tables. Even the most improved styles F _

. arm Machmery

will germinate, and the newly formed of tin cans which are lacquered on the 782 w. Iron su-eeg Rockford. nun“.
bacteria will begin their destructive'inside to prevent the juice from com- agm-gmﬁhfgtgggggﬁg. Wazzrr‘anﬂlt,213;“?3wﬁz'emm‘r
work. Therefore it is necessary in ing in contact with the tin,‘are open ’ Threshing chin-s. Road mnemW-sou-ndV-Mdu- 40919
order to completely sterilize a vege- to this objection. While the amount
table to heat it to the boiling point of of tin dissolved under these condi-
water and keep it at that temperature tions is very small, enough does come
for about one hour, upon two or three through the lacquer and into the con-
successive days, or else keep it at tents of the can to be detected in an
the temperature of boiling water for ordinary analysis. While the small
a long period of time, about ﬁve amount of tin may not be injurious, it
hours. The process of boiling upon gives an undesirable color to many
successive days is the one that is al« canned articles.
ways employed in scientiﬁc work and There are a great many kinds of
is much to be preferred. The boiling glass jars on the market, many of
on the ﬁrst day kills all the molds and them possessing certain distinct
practically all of the bacteria, but does points of advantage. The ordinary
not kill the spores or seeds. screw-tOp jar is the one in most com.

As soon as the jar cools these seeds mon use. Although cheap in price,
germinate and a fresh crop of bacteria these jars are the most expensive in
begin work upon the vegetables. The the long run. The tops last only a
boiling upon the second day kills this few years and, being cheaply made,
crop of bacteria before they have the breakage is usually greater than
had time to develop spores. The boil- that of a better grade of jar. The
ing upon'the third day is not always tops also furnish an excellent hiding
necessary, but is advisable in order to place for germs, which makes sterili-
be sure that the sterilization is com- zation very difﬁcult.
plete. Among scientists this is called (Continued next week).

 
" < .’ Wherever foot lift plows
are used the Emerson
leads for lightness of
draft, ease of handling

andlength of service.’1‘he '

Emerson
m Plow

is the lightest draft plow made and the most durable. Load

is close to the team and carried on the wheels. A boy can
easily operate the Emerson.

The Emerson Foot Lift Feature Made a New

Era in Plowing Efficiency

Send for free book telling you how your feet handle the plow. leav-
ing your hands free to manage the team.

Emerson-Brantlngham Implement Company (Inc.)

»..J

Lighlesi Draft—Easiest Handled

 
will give splendid satisfaction with unexcelled durability. if you use

noun a

" J. i YOUR CULVERTS, SILOS, ROOFING AND SHEET METAL WORK I

BEST BLOOM

GALVANIZED SHEETS '

Careful manufacture and good alvanizin insure maximum service
from APOLLO Sheets. APOLLO ooﬁng 3mg! Sidin Products are sold
by weight by leading dealers. Send for “Better ldin38" booklet-

ADMISHEI'I’AID 'I'lll PLATE mm._l"rlek BU... Him. PI.
‘ » —

 
Going to the State Fair?

STEP IN AND SEE OUR USED

MOTORCYCLE BARGAINS

L“ We will tel yell thousand ways to urethem on the farm.
THE HARRY SVENSGMRD SALES CORP. ,
Mich. Distributors for Excelsior Auto-Cycle,
4'73 Woodward Ave. Detroit. Mich.

 
When Writint to advertisers please mention The Michigan Farmer.

 
THE MICHIGAN FARMER

'SEP‘T.’5.’ 191?.

 
196—16
ElllllillllllllllIllllllllllllllllllll|llIllllillill|llllIllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllIl|Illlllll|lllllllllllllllllIllillllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll!IllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllIIIIllllllIlIlllllllllllllIlllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllﬂ
E; s
gFarm Commerce. g
EMU“lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllll|Ill|IlllllllllllllIllllﬂllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllIllllHlllllllllllllllllUlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllIlllllllIlll|ll||IllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllﬁ

Michigan and

(lo-operation.

By D. w. FRANCISCO.

 
8 it possible that a few years
hence the greater portion of Mich-
igan’s fruit crop will be marketed

through one large co~operative asso-
ciation such as are now found in the
states along the Paciﬁc coast? I be-
lieve so, and I do not believe that
time to be far distant. Picture such an
organization, if you will, to be in op-
eration in Michigan six years from to-
day. Let us take a glance at its or-
ﬁanization.

How it May be Organized.

In the city of Grand Rapids, where
it can easily place a hand in either the
state’s orchards or markets, we see
the central ofﬁce. Here are located
the sales, trafﬁc, legal, advertising,
purchasing and mutual protection de-
partments. Here we ﬁnd the directing
brain of an organization comprising
thousands of growers and see it edu-
cated to the minute every day in *the
country’s marketing conditions. A
sweeping glance reveals a striking
similarity of underlying principle ex-
isting between our exchange and Un-
cle Sam’s postal system. Both as-
semble their respective commodities
from widely scattered sources, divert
them into the main arteries of trans-
portation and place them ultimately
at their destination with the greatest
saving of time, money and labor. The
enormous proportions of the business
handled is the basis on which each
has established its wonderful efﬁ-
ciency.
idends into the pockets of those who
utilize their organization and not to
render proﬁts other than salaries to
those actually engaged in their op-
eration. ‘ '

Like a Great River.

The ﬂow of fruit products, we ob-
serve to be not unlike that of a great
river. An apple, perhaps, ﬁrst packed
in a basket with others by some grow-
er, mingled with similar baskets, these
in turn grouped with those of anoth-
er orchard into one car, this linked to
a long train to be hustled along, and
then, through an inverted series of
steps which separate instead of unite,
the little apple ﬁnally ﬁnds itself in
the palm of the consumer. Perhaps it
may be astonished to ﬁnd that after
all it is not unlike the one which
plucked it from the tree. It does not
realize the intricate mechanism neces-
sary to accomplish this and to accom-
plish it efﬁciently.

The tributaries of our stream of
“rolling” produce we may trace back
to such points as Benton Harbor,
South Haven, Fennville, Paw Paw, St.
Joseph, Lawton, Fremont, Shelby,
Pentwater, Ludington, Frankfort,
Traverse City and Northport. These
seem to group themselves into natural
geographical districts each having a
head ofﬁce which is in turn dominat-
ed by the central “brain” at Grand
Rapids. Thus we see that the local
associations at Fennville, Paw Paw,
Lawton, St. Joseph and other towns in
that region are under a district ex-
change at St. Joseph.

The Outlet.

And now let us look to the “delta.”
of our stream. We ﬁnd the assem-
bling process reversed and the pro-
duce stream broken up so that it
reaches the turbulent sea of markets
at different points. Our exchange has
placed bonded agents in Pittsburg,
Cleveland, Detroit, Chicago,tNew York
and all the principal markets in Am-
erica, as well as a few abroad. The
head ofﬁce seems to know which mar-
kets are offering the most for fruit
and possesses the ability to get the

Both aim to put indirect div- ,

shipments there at the time when
they are most needed. In consequence
both grower and consumer are being
beneﬁted.

And the Benefits.

Sixty per cent of Michigan’s grow-
ers are marketing through this medi-
um. They inform us that they are
shipping ten times the quantity of
grades and the creation of a reliable

“fruit as was loaded a few years ago

and that due to the standardization of
brand, combined with well directed
advertising by the central exchange,
that they are receiving more for their
fruit than ever before. Furthermore,
they declare that they are paying less
for their equipment and supplies and
that the cost of marketing has been
reduced to two per cent on the gross
sales. They say they are at liberty to
join or withdraw from an association
at will, that outside of the auction
markets they may dictate the selling
price of their own products, that they
are privileged to have their own
brand, that each grower receives a

.04

it“
i " V

. .
x
,.
l

‘ ”a
r: ~ . at: V":

bulletin daily which sets forth the
marketing conditions throughout the
country, that regardless of the
amount produced each grower has
the advantage of car lot rates, that
their transportation disease and mar-
keting problems have been reduced to
a minimum. In short; we feel as we
talk to these men, the spirit of thrift
and satisfaction with which they are
surrounded. The roster of growers in-
cludes the names of doctors, lawyers,
bankers, real business men. Fruit
raising itself has become a profession.

And now, how about Michigan, it-
self? But if you have followed in our
glimpse of Michigan’s co—operative or-
ganization of the future, I need not
point out the new markets opened,
more certain handling of crops, more
and better fruit, increased value of
property, greater thrift, higher rating
among horticultural states and vastly
greater reputation as a prosperous
state and producer of ﬁne fruits.

The Reality is Quite Different.

Michigan’s co-operation is still in its
adolescence.‘ It is receiving its
“bumps.” But we recall that it took
California 25 years to make a success
in co-operat’ing. We know that Michi-
gan has the resources, it is fast feel-
ing the necessity and can easily ac-
quire the spirit of co-operation. Let
us look at a few typical examples of
the knocks which have been dealt
Michigan’s pioneer efforts at co-op-
eration.

Punishment Too Small.

In every community there are al-
ways some individuals who make full
use of the information for which the
association pays, and while begging at
the door of co-operation stubbornly
refuse to contribute so much as a.
word of approval. Such tactics are 11-
able to disrupt an organization for no
one of us is desirous of continually

By Pooling and Shipping Farm Products in Car Lots, Far

paying for that which some receive
free.

The by-laws of most of Michigan’s
co-operative associations specify that
no member shall ship any part of his
crop “to be sold on commission in any
market to which the association ships
or to ship with any party shipping in
competition with the association.” The
punishment for the violation of this
rule is the forfeiting of “all rights to
and interest in, any beneﬁts in the as-
sociation except stock held," but the
violater may be “reinstanted the fol-
lowing year by a payment of a ﬁne of
ﬁve dollars.”

Whether a member of an associa-
tion or not. no shipper can be depriv-
ed of the advantages of a co-operauve
association which exists in his com-
munity. He is simply a vandal, steal-
ing the advantages of those who con-
tribute for them. Such thrusts at the
Vitals of co—operative organization
should be much more seriously con-
sidered, and violaters accorded much
more severe treatment than a mere
ﬁne of ﬁve dollars.

The Misdemeanors of Members.

Those interested in co-operation in
the vicinity of Paw Paw say that they
ﬁnd it difﬁcult to induce the small
growers to haul their products any
distanCe to the central shipping house
and that many of the growers when
they have sufﬁciently large crops to
ship in carload lots will promptly

withdraw from the association.
With all classes of growers in an

organization, some will pack a poorer
grade in packages of the same brand
than will others. The growers mak-
ing the better pack ﬁnd that through
the pooling system they are receiving
no more for their fruit than the poor
packer. In fact, he is delivering ex-
tra ﬁne fruit and receiving prices on
that of average quality. If such a con-
dition does not provoke the withdraw-
al of the better shippers, it at least
lowers the reputation of the brand or
renders it absolutely worthless.

The Michigan Fruit Exchange,
which was formed at Benton Harbor
in 1890, was a failure simply through
lack of provision for actual fruit in-
spection.

Lack of ability to compel the grow-
ers to adhere to the regulations which
they had themselves signed, cost the
growers in the vicinity of Paw Paw a
proﬁtable season a few years ago.
They refused to comply with the or-
ders regarding spraying, with the re-
sult that the downey mildew became
so bad that half the crop was lost.
Worse than that, the growers insisted
on shipping as usual, with the result
that the poor quality of fruit ruined
the marketability of that of several
years following.

Hesitate to Invest.

At Fennville there has always been
considerable complaint on the part of
some of the members because of the
inability to use home help in packing,
and constant grumbling is heard about
the initial expense of erecting a pack-
ing house and of meeting the insur-
ance, investment, interest and other
items. Some growers .consider the
necessity of packing in the central
house a hardship, because they can
not pack as they pick, but must 'wait
until late in the day, and then haul
the fruit to the shipping station to be
pooled. The farmer is’ consequently

delayed sometimes until very late at
night before his day’s work is ended.

In one district an inspector was dis-
charged because he‘ truthfully report-
ed the fruit of the president of the as-
sociation to be below the required
standard,‘and ordered it returned. In
other instances it is apparent that ofﬁ-
cials of the exchange were permitted
to ship a little earlier, or at a time
when their fruit was somewhat green-
er, to take advantage of favorable
market conditions. This, of course,
worked to the detriment of the other
growers.

The South Haven Fruit Exchange
refers all complaints among their
growers to a board of arbitration con-
sisting of three members Whose de-
cision is ﬁnal, and who have the pow-
er to suspend members who fail to
comply with the orders of the associa-
tion in regard to the handling of their
crop.
Growers Dissatisﬁed. ‘

At Paw Paw there are three asso-
ciations which are constantly at odds.
The managers have been receiving a.
ﬂat rate on every box of fruit sold, a
plan which leaves little incentive to
the securing of highest prices. Some
of the growers there recently became
dissastiﬁed and accepted the opportu-
nity of a Chicago commission house
to combine with three or four other
growers and ship them a carload a
day during the season. The fruit was
used for a special trade, the commis-
sion house demanded careful packing

    
mers Can Reduce Marketing Cost.

and was usually able to pay two cents
more than the association was offer-
ing to its growers.

Contrary to the expectations of the
growers who ﬁrst Organized at Fenn-
ville the buyers oposed co-operation
even though it offered them opportu-
nities to secure larger quantities of
fruit of the same grade, variety and
brand with less trouble. In sections
where competitive associations exist-
ed they lost no time in playing one
against the other, offerng outside
growers higher prices and frequently
resorting to fraud and misrepresenta-
tion to force down the price paid the
associations. The three exchanges at
Lawton ﬁnally solved the situation,
temporarily, at least, by getting to-
gether and selecting an “arbiter” who
kept each association informed of the
prices being quoted by the others.

Poor Seasons Bring Dangers.

During the years when the crop is
very small and as a result there is
little impetus to keep the association
going, grave danger exists of disor-
ganization.‘ An association of peach
growers at Shelby was ”dissolved
through the devastation wrought by a
severe frost and numerous grape ship-
ping
and Fennville have been unable to
survive through seasons when their
orchards were severely ravaged by
disease. Failing to ﬁll their many or-
ders in such seasons when they did
not operate they found it diﬂicult,
with the abundant yields of succeed-
ing years, to secure sufﬁcient demand.

Capital is Needed.

An organization without sufﬁcient
working capital may fail because of
inability to meet its obligations
promptly. Money matters have great-
ly troubled the Fennville associations,
due, in part, no doubt, to lack of suffi-
cient business organization and also

associations around Paw Paw~

 
..-..

‘43....

 
.~,.

 
' earn 5, 1914.

to dealings with unreliable parties
who recognized the weak points of
the assmciation. Great difﬁculty has
been encountered in this section in
securing proper shipping facilities and
in some instances it was apparent
that the railroad and express compa-
nies were working, together against
the farmers’ best interests. As a re-
sult the growers were obliged to raise
the price placed on their commodities
in order to eke out even the smallest
proﬁt. Similar complaints are con-
tinually heard from other sectiOns.

Good Manager the Greatest Asset.

A poor manager may be the cause
of more dissatisfaction than any other
one things. The manager must be
competent, he must be aggressive, he
must be an expert in shipping and
marketing, and above all, his personal
ality must gain for him the loyalty
and conﬁdence of the growers. The
Michigan Fruit Exchange once en-
countered serious diﬂiculty through a
lack of sufﬁcient conﬁdence and pOWer
being placed in the hands of the man-
ager, while in certain associations at
Paw Paw the conditions were revers-
ed and the manager ruled supreme,
with equally bad results. Numerous
instances may be cited where the
members have clearly failed to realize
the importance of securing a compe-
tent manager as the most paying in-
vestment.

Several organizations have failed be-
cause of the inﬂuence of persons whol-
ly unfamiliar with conditions who are
in associations in which the member-
ship is not restricted to producers
and the voting power of members is
not limited, or by the prejudice of
some individual producer who owns a
large block of stock.

Trying to do Too Much.

If the scope of the association is too
broad its value may be lessened by
the shipment of small quantities of
many kinds of fruit. Many attempts
to co-operate have failed at the outset
because the promoters lacked the co-
operative spirit or attempted to ac-
complish too much at ﬁrst, and the
path of co-operation is strewn with
the wrecks of associations whose de-
velopment has been forced and which
were not borne of necessity.

Successes might be ennumerated
which more than balance the failures,
but we must know what to avoid as
well as what to seek and the' experi-
ences ennumerated above must be
sufﬁcient to show that the path of en-
deavor of Michigan’s co-operative or—
ganizations has certainly not been
strewn with roses.

illlliillillliillillllilllilllllllllllliiiillllllllillll||i[HllllllillﬂllllillllilllllillllIllilHilllliilllliilllllillllllillil

Crop and_Ma:l:et Notes.

Michigan.

Kalkaska 00., Aug. 26.—Heavy and
frequent rains have damaged the oat
crop, causing them to go down and
making them difﬁcult to harvest; corn
and potatoes are doing ﬁne. Pastures
excellent; stock of all kinds in good
shape and high priced. Fall plowing
backward, although ground is in good
condition to work. New clover seed-
ing never was better; threshing now
in progress; yield fairly good. Ap-
ples are a failure. Young cattle 60 on

 
‘foot; hogs 8c; butter-fat 300; eggs
200; chickens 13c. .
Lapeer 00., Aug. 22.-—Late rains

have provided sufficient moisture. Po-
tatoes are doing well, and many are
moving marketward at around 500 per
bushel. Corn is booming and the early
planted will soon do to cut. Thresh-
ing well along and yields are general-
ly disappointing. Many ﬁelds of beans
are ready to pull in a week, while
others are green. N0 disease is ap-
parent in them. Large acreage of
wheat will be seeded. Pastures good;
so are meadows and some are expect-
ing a little cloverseed. Prices are
higher on eggs, beans wheat and rye,
and lower on meats and poultry.
Monroe Co.—Rains on the tenth and
fourteenth broke the drought, and
corn, potatoes, cucumbers and toma-
toes were greatly beneﬁted. Cukes
sell at factory for 75¢ for ﬁrsts; 250
for seconds, and thirds 10¢ per 50 lbs.
Early potatoes are a failure. About
enough early apples for home use. To-
matoes bring $8@10 per ton at 'fac-
tory. Threshing pretty well done.
(Continued on page 198).

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

_ Tires at
' Before-War Prices-

 
Goodyear Prices
It is Folly Today to Pay More

 
. . the best.

There emsts now a new, compelling

reason for buying Goodyear tires. It re-
sults from War conditions.

These leading tires—built of extra-ﬁne
rubber, in the same way as always—are
selling today at June prices.

You will ﬁnd today a very wide diﬁerence
between most tire prices and Goodyears.

Due to Quick Action

Early in August—When war- began—the
world’s rubber markets seemed closed to us.
Rubber prices doubled almost over night.

Good years.

rubber.

them there.

i hIen could see no way to pay for rubber
abroad, and no way to bring it in. We, like
others—in the panic—were forced to higher
prices. But we have since gone back to
prices we charged before the war, and this is
how we did it:

 
have in storage an almost record supply of
this extra grade of rubber.

I . a
Andﬂwe paid about June prlces.

33 x g :12“ “fr?“ - - ° - 31%;: Now Inferior Grades Cost Double
34 x 4' u “ ° ° ' ° 24.35 About the only crude rubber available now
' x u u ' ' ‘ ' ° for many makers is inferior. In ordinary
36 x 4% . . . . 35-00 tunes, the best tire makers refuse it. Much
37 x 5 “ “ . . . . 41.95 of 1t had been rejected. But that “off rubber”

now sells for much more than we paid for

The results are these:
Tire prices in general are far in advance of

And many tire makers, short of
supplies, Will be forced to use second-grade

Be Careful Now

In Goodyears we pledge you the same-
grade tire as always.
for Goodyears the top place in Tiredom—the
largest sale in the world.

And for the time being our prices are, the
same as before the war.

We accept no excessive orders, but dealers
will be kept supplied.
until further notice, only ante-bellum prices.

That means 'that Goodyears—the best
tires built—are selling way below other tires.

 
And that grade won

We shall try to keep

And we charge them,

 
We had men in London and Singapore
when the war broke out. The larger part of
the world’s rubber supply comes through
there. We cabled them to buy up’the pick
of the rubber. They bought—before the ad-
Vﬁmce—L500,000 pounds of the finest rubber
t ere.

Nearly all this is now on the way to 11s.
And it means practically all of the extra
grade rubber obtainable abroad.

 
Today we have our own men in Colombo,
Singapore and Para. Those are the world’s
chief sources of rubber. So we are pretty
well assured of a constant supply, and our
pick of the best that’s produced.

We were ﬁrst on the ground. We were
quickest in action. As a result, we shall soon

 
J

No-Rim-Cut Tires

With All-Weather Treads or Smooth

 
YEAR

AKRON. OHIO

  
Grandsons of King of the Pontiacs

From Choice A. R. O. Dams.

KING PONTIAC JEWEL 'KORNDYKE, their sire,-has in the records of ten of the nearest dams
and of forty daughters listed under the sires in his pedigree an average for the fifty 0!
3| .25 pounds each In seven days.

Average per cent at fat of his three nearest dams 4.37.
The sires in the ﬁrst three generations of his pedigree have .500 A.R.O daughters

You can see these choice young sires, ready for service this fall, on your way to or from
the State hair, at Ashnmor lf‘arms, Tecumseh, Michigan, It. 1“. D. 2; their sire. dams and half
Sisters. A few dams bred to KING” might now be spared. Conveyances will on application
meet. you at Tecumseh, on Lake Shore Ry., or at Britton on Wabash. Telephone.

PRICES REASONABLE,

Forfurther particulars as to breeding, if you cannot go out to the farm address.

 
HATCH HERD, YPSILANTI, MICHIGAN.

 
- Half the food value of your corn crop is in the
stalks. The fodder from the stalks pays the whole
' 7 cost of operating an Appleton which shreds or cuts

.. them while bucking the can.

ker made; the product of 42 years' experience in
farm machinerymaking. Husks the cleanest, shells
theleast, and is equipped with the most efﬁcient
corn saver. Easiest and safest to operate.

Guaranteed to do more and better work with less power

#1:; 3333’s: igégicgf gains size. Wprkipg uncle;- equatl; condiitlons. Busilt by Appleton stand ards,
s ’ ; oneseaeon's ncome mm pays tscost. endn wforth A l .
Husker book—its tree. neuron use. co.. 520 Fargo 5e. min. 111.. ,Efpigtii’.

.).
a

    
AGENTS WANTED!

'We Want an agent

for EVERY FAIR held

 
in Michigan to solicit

. i

Big pay.
Address

THE MIBHIGAN innit

DETROIT, MICH.

subscriptions.

Write now.

 
198 —-18

E |lilllllilIiiHill|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllIllIlllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllIIIIIIIIIllIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIQ
Markets.
EU“"IIIlllIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIlllllll|||IIIIIllIII|IIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllla

GRAINS AND SEEDS.

September 1, 1914.
Wheat—Although prices have ﬂuc-

 
" THE “MICHIGAN FARM‘ER

$5.35; spring patent $6.50; rye ﬂour
$5.25 per bbl.

Feed.~—In 100-lb. sacks, jobbing lots
are: Bran $27; standard middlings
$30; ﬁne middlings $32; cracked corn
$36; corn and oat chop $31 per ton.

Hay.—Carlots on track at Detroit
are: New, No. 1 timothy $16.50@17;
igandard $15.50@16; No. 2, .$14.50@

New York—Market is steady. No. 1
timothy $22.50; No. 3 to No. 2, $18@

tuated the past week the general ten- 20 50

dency of values for wheat has been
upward, some of the advances being
large, with reactions noted last Fri-
day and Tuesday. The bear side of
the market is very little in evidence,
the prevailing opinion that the war in
Europe will last much longer than at
ﬁrst thought, lends much support to
the belief that American wheat will
be much in demand for the coming
year, at least. Early this week the
activity among buyers indicated that
the consumption here and abroad was
fast catching up with stores, since
the farmers who hold wheat are not
selling because they have good rea-
sons for believing that a better mar-
ket will prevail later. In this coun-
try, too, the ﬂour bins had been al-
lowed to get empty, as millers thought
they would be able to ﬁll them again
with cheap wheat because of the big
crop, but the war put this amiss and
now the condition adds to the
strength of the bullish side of the
market. Mills are running full ca-
pacity and .orders are piling up. One
year ago the price for No. 2 red wheat
on the local market was 92%c per

bushel. Quotations for the past week
are:
No. 2 No. 1
Red. White. Dec.

Wednesday . . . .1.14 1.13 % 1.19
Thursday . . . . . .1.14 1.13 % 1.19
Friday .........1.10% 110 1.15%
Saturday . . . .1.12 1.11% 1.17%
Monthly . . . . .1.15% 1.15 1.21
Tuesday ....... 1.14 1.13 % 1.19%

Chicago, (Sept. 1).——No. 2 red
wheat $1.13 %; Dec., 1.14%; May
$12114.

Germ—Recent rains have greatly

beneﬁted the corn crop and the im- @

provement has given the market an
easier tone. Quotations have, as the
result, shaded off despite the advance.
ment noted in wheat and oats. In-
creased receipts and promise of lib-
eral deliveries in the immediate fu-
ture has aided bears to hold ﬁgures
down. One year ago the price for
No. 3 corn was 76%c per bushel. Quo-
tations for the past wee are:

No. 3 No. 3
Mixed. Yellow.
Wednesday . . . . 84 86
Thursday . . . . .. . 84% 86 %
Friday ......... . . . . 84 86
Saturday ........... 84 86
Monday ............ 83 85
Tuesday ............ 81% 83 %
Chicago, (Sept. 1).—No. 2 corn
80@80%c; December corn 72%0 per
bu; May 740.
Oats.—~This grain has followed
wheat. The advance amounted to

about three cents for the week. The
disappointing yields being reported by
farmers, and the strong foreign de-
mand for the grain are the two im-
portant factors in advancing values.
The call from abroad is not likely to
cease and this will force many to ac-
cumulate stock for future needs.
Dealers seem to be looking for better
pri'ces and farmers are not selling
freely. One year ago the price for
standard oats was 43c per bushel.
Quotations for the week are:

. No.3

Standard. White.

Wednesday .. 49 48%
Thursday ..... 50% 50

Friday ..... 50 49%

Saturday ....... 50 49%

Monday ............ 51 50%

Tuesda ............ 51 50%

Chicago, (Sept. 1).—Standard 49%

@50%c; Dec, 51%0; May 54%0 per

busheL

Rye.—An advance of 10c was made
last week. Demand is steady and the
supply limited. No. 2 is quoted at 950
per bushel.

Cloverseed—Although prices have
ﬂuctuated, present ﬁgures are steady
with last week. Offerings are light.
Prime spot $10.75; October and De
cember $11; alsike sales were made
at $9.25. At Toledo prime cash is
$10.85; October $10.87%; December
$10.97% and September alsike $9.25.

Beans.——Prices 10c higher and the
market ﬁrm. Immediate and prompt
shipments $2.75 per bu; October
$2.53. Chicago—Prices steady and
trade moderate. Holders are ﬁrm.
Pea beans, hand-picked, choice, are
quoted at $3; common at $2.75@2.85;
red kidneys, choice $3.75@4.25.

Timothy Semi—Prime spot $2.95
per bushel, or 20c higher.

Alfalfa Seed.—Prime spot $9.75.
FLOUR AND FEEDS.
FIour.—Jobbing lots in one-eighth
paper sacks are selling on the Detroit
market per 196 lbs. as follows: Best
patent $6.25; second $5.65; straight

 
Chicago.—Demand light and offer-
ings large. Choice timothy quoted at
$16.50@17 per-ton; No. 1, 14.50@15;
No. 2, $13@14.

Straw—Steady. Rye $8@8.50; oat
straw $7.50@8; wheat straw $7@7.50
per ton.

DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.

Butter.—Market active, with prices
unchanged. Extra creamery 300 per lb;
ﬁrsts 280; dairy 20c; packing stock
190.

Chicago—The market is quiet with
prices steady and unchanged. Extra
creamery 300; extra ﬁrsts 28%@290;
ﬁrsts 26@27%c; seconds 24@250;
packing stock 21@21%c.

Elgin.——Bids of 30%c were made but
holders asked 310. No sales made.

New York.—~The market is ﬁrm with

 
prices %c higher. Creamery extras
31%@320; ﬁrsts 28%@3lc; seconds
26@280.

Eggs.—Market is steady with prices
slightly higher. Fresh stock sells at
240 per dozen.

Chicago—Market is easy with the
prices slightly higher. Offerings are
more liberal. Miscellaneous lots, cas-
es included, 22@22%c; ordinary ﬁrsts
20%@21c; ﬁrsts 22@22%c.

New York—Market is ﬁrm with
prices on fresh stock higher. Fresh
gathered extras 29@3lc; extra ﬁrsts
27@280 per dozen; ﬁrsts 25%@26c;
seconds 24@25c.

Poultry.—Market quiet with prices
on broilers lov'ver. Other prices are
unchanged. Live broilers quoted at
160 per lb; hens 14@160; ducks 14@
15c; young ducks 15@16c; geese 11

1 c

Chicago—The market steady with
prices unchanged. Demand for fowls
good. Receipts of springs are very
heavy. Quotations on live are: Fowls
15c; spring chickens 16c; ducks, good
stock 12@14c; guinea hens, per doz-
en $2@4; spring geese 12@13c.

FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.

Fruits.—Pears $3.50@4 per bbl;
plums $1@1.25 per bushel; Champion
grapes 13@14c per 8-lb. basket;
Moore’s Early 15@160; peaches, El-
berta, choice $2@2.25.

Chicago.———E1berta peaches $1.50@
1.75 per bu; Bartlett pears $2@3 per
bbl; Seckel $2.50@3.50; grapes 12%
@13%c per 8-lb. basket; Transcend‘
ent crab apples $3 per bbl.

Vegetables.——Home-grown cabbage,
$1.25 per barrel; new beets 65c per
bushel; radishes 100 per dozen; home-
grown green corn $1@1.10 per sack;
leaf lettuce 100 per lb; green beans
75c per bu; wax beans 750 per bu;
carrots 750 per bu.

Apples.—Supply is liberal and de-
mand not very active. Wealthy $1
per bu; other kinds 50@75c.

Chicago—The feeling is easy. The
large supply makes selling hard. Com-
mon stuff and that in baskets espe-
cially hard to sell. Duchess $2@
2.25; Wealthy $2.50@3.25; Strawber-
ry Pippin $3@3.50; Maiden Blush$2.50
@2.75.

 
WOOL.

 
Increased strength prevails in wool
quarters. A widened demand has
made manufacturers more anxious and
buying at Boston the past week ex-
ceeded that of any previous week for
a long time past. Imported woolen
goods are diminishing because of the
war and domestic makers must supply
the shortage. All wools are included
in the calls, ﬂeeces are becoming
more popular because of their limited
stores. Boston quotations for Mich-
igan unwashed delaines 27@280; do.
gombing 23@29c; do. clothing 23@
.6c.

GRAND RAPIDS.

 
Eggs are ﬁrm and higher, with the
dealers quoting 21@22c to the trade
and asking 250 for the best candled
stock. Dairy butter is quoted at 220.
Apples, plums, grapes and pears are
coming in more liberal quantities and
while quotations have wide range, de-
pending on quality, these ﬁgures give
some idea of this week’s market: Ap-
les 400@$1; lums 75c@$1.25; pears
£1; grapes 1.25@1.50 per dozen.
The potato market varies from day
to day, according to offerings, but is
around 70c. Muskmelons are in lib-
eral supply this week, with the price
around 80c per bushel. Local mills
were quoting $1.05 for red and $1.04
for white wheat Tuesday, an advance
of 4c over Monday.

DETROIT EASTERN MARKET.

 
The rain Tuesday morning kept a
great many buyers away from the
market and prices were easier as a
consequence, there being a large num-
ber of wagons in. Tomatoes are of-
fered liberally at from 40@65c per
bu; apples, better grades, rule from
$1@1.40, and others 60c@$1; pears
$1@1.25; plums $1.25@1.50; peaches
$1.50@2.50; melons 60@80c per bu;
cucumbers 25@60c for large and 12
@150 per hundred for small; corn 50
@60c per bag; onions $1@1.25 per
bu; string beans 50@65c; celery 20@
250 per large bunch; loose hay is not
coming in and the price is nominal at
$16@18 per ton.

THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.

 
Buffalo.
August 31, 1914.
(Special Report of Dunning & Stev-
ens, New York Central Stock
Yards, Buffalo, N. Y.)

Receipts here today as follows:
Cattle 140 cars; hogs 80 d. d.; sheep
and lambs 37 d. d.; calves 900 head.

With only 140 cars of cattle on our
market here today, We had a good
brisk and active market from start to
ﬁnish, and while the top prices were
not so high today as the past two
Weeks, the quality being considered,
the cattle sold fully 15@25c per cwt.
higher than last week. The best load
of cattle here today was a load of
plain, fat, grassy Canadas that top-
ped‘ the market at $9.40. Had there
been any strictly prime cattle here,
they would have sold much higher. At
the close of the market about every-
thing was sold and the feeling was
strong. .

Hog trade on all grades was active
with a fair. supply. Mixed, medium,
heavy and yorkers sold 5@100 higher,
while pigs were in light supply and
sold from 25@500 per cwt. higher
than the close of last week. Quite a
sprinkle of good weight hogs sold
from $9.60@9.75, while handy weights
landed at $9.85 generally. Pigs and
lights $9.50@9.75, as to weight and
quality. Roughs $8.25@8.50; stags $7
@8. Late market was strong, and
with a good clearance, trade looks
fairly good for the balance of the
week.

The market was active today on
lambs and sheep. Prices ten higher
than the close of last week. Choice
handy lambs selling mostly at $8.75.
We look for steady prices the balance
of the Week.

We quote: Spring lambs $8.65@
8.75; cull to fair $6.50@8.50; year-
lings $6@7; bucks $3@3.50; handy

eWes $5.50@5.75; heavy do $4.75@
5.25; Wethers $6@6.25; cull sheep $2
@375; veals, choice to extra $12.25@
12.50; fair to good $10@12; heavy
calves $6@8.50.

 
Chicago.
August 31, 1914.
Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.
Receipts today..19,500 30,000 40,000
Same day 1913..18.421 31,563 37,332
Last week ..... 43,955 113,462 148,366
Same wk 1913..51,691 153,142 133,678

Highest day of the year was shown
in fat cattle Monday, a moderate sup-
ply balancing demand and choice to
prime steers sold ﬁrm to 10c higher
than the close of last week. Medium.
and plain grade natives opened slow
with killers bidding lower, but later
the bulk cleared full steady. Receipts
included 6,000 range cattle, and the
rangers had mean call selling 15@250
lower than last week’s close. A new
high market for the year and an Aug-
ust record was made in native trade,
two loads of prime 1547-lb. steers
from A. W. Bragg. of Illinois, sell-
ing at $10.90, and two other loads 0
1537-lb. Bragg steers made $10.85.
Other prime beeves made $10.70 and
a big crop of choice goods went up-
wards of $10 with yearlings at $10.25.
Bulk of medium to 'good light and
handy weight killers sold at $8.75@
9.60 and the grass steers down to
$7.50@8.25 for common to decent.
She stock sold steady to strong on
broad packer demand and it was a
ﬁrm trade for feeder cattle at last
week’s advance.

Hog market advanced 5@150 over
the close of the previous week on a
brisk shipper demand and good pack-
er action. Tops went at $9.55, and
bulk of the crop sold at $9@9.40, only
the rough hogs going down from $8.85
with pigs at $8@8.05 for fair to good.

Sheep and lambs had broad demand
at steady rates with the close last
week, the big decline of that period
having put values on a worth-the-
money basis and killers bought freely
of the generous supply. Lambs top-
ped at $7.75 for rangers and natives
at $7.65 while good wethers went at
$5.75 and most of the native and
range ewes brought $5@5.35.

Horses sold with fair freedom most
days of the past week and prices were
practically unchanged. Late trade was
quiet but on early days buyers were
numerous. Receipts totaled 1,100

SEPT. 5. 1914;

against 567 the week before, and 799
a year ago. High-class drafters made
$235@260, while 1,400-lb. chunks sold
at $170@180. The 1,100 to 1,300-lb.
animals of medium to fair quality
(aﬁged at $75@160, bulk making $115

CROP AND MARKET NOTES.

___,_
(Continued from page 197).
Wheat yielded fair; oats 30 to 70
bushels per acre. Many new silos are
going up. Much wheat will be sown.
Wheat $1; oats 45c; corn 860; pota.
toes $2.25@2.35 per 150-1b. bag; tim-
othy hay, loose, $15 per ton.

Pennsylvania.

 
Crawford Co., Aug. 25.—Corn prom?

ises a good crop; potatoes fair; pas-
tures are short. Oat crop light. Hay
$5@6 per ton. Hogs and other live

stock bring good prices. Early and
late crops of apples large. Eggs 24c;
butter 250; chickens 10c; potatoes

800; fancy apples. $1.25 per bushel.
The buckwheat looks ﬁne. Farmers
here are threshing and plowing for
wheat.

Tiogo Co., Aug. 24.—Rains timely.
Potatoes improving and late ones are
promising. Hay and oats were good.
Fodder corn heavy and grain corn
promises well. Wheat poor; rye will
yield from 20 to 25 bushels. Buck-
wheat is good. There is a heavy crop
of fruit. Stock in good condition.
Turkeys and chickens have done well.
Butter 28c; eggs 260; com $1.05 per
cwt; oats 550; hay $12 per ton; hogs

90. Young hogs are plentiful. Milch
cows a little easier in price.
Ohio. 4

Madison Co., Aug. 24.—While a

number of small showers have fallen
lately, the. drought still continues in
some sections. Corn will be light and
potatoes are a failure. Cloverseed will
be fair. Wheat averaged about 20
bushels and oats were poor. Farmers
will not sell hay at any price. Fruit
is very scarce, some few apples can
be had at $1 per bushel. Hogs are
not so plentiful and are high. Cattle
and sheep also high. Lambs are now
being marketed at $7@7.50. Wheat
90c; corn 800; oats 37c; rye 55c; eggs
22c. Horses are selling well at strong
prices for this season of the year.
Highland Co., Aug. 27.—The drouth
has been broken by recent rains. Corn
will be half a crop and potatoes are a.

failure. But little Cloverseed to be
hulled. Wheat averaged about 13. bu.
per acre. Young hogs are plentiful,

but feeding cattle are scarce. Apples
are almost a failure. The pear crop
is very light. Peaches are more plen-
tiful, and selling from $1.25@2. Old
corn 900; wheat 900; hay $15 per ton.

Columbia Co., Aug. 24.—It has been
dry here, and plowing is slow work.
Corn will be light and late potatoes
are badly in need of rain. Threshing
well along and wheat yielded well,
while oats were poor. Apples and
peaches are a fair crop but the mar-
ket is slow. Live stock not being mar-
keted, but prices are high. Wheat
850; oats 40c; potatoes 80c; butter
26c; eggs 220.

Indiana.

Laporte Co., Aug. 26.—Fine heavy
rains the past week helped out corn,
potatoes and plowing. Corn has fresh-
ened up beyond the expectations of
farmers. Farmers are busy plowing
for wheat and alfalfa. Some corn is
cut but since the rains the stocks have
seemingly started growing again and
will. stand a couple of weeks longer.
Late potatoes will make a fair crop if
rains continue.

Wayne Co., Aug. 27.———Our severe
drought is partly broken by recent
rains. Corn is only fair and clover-
seed promises an average yield. All
fruit is scarce. Although pastures
have been poor, stock is in fair condi-
tion. Little plowing has been done
because of the dry condition of the
sorl. Wheat yielded from 15 to 25
bushels per acre and oats 25 to 35

bushels.- Wheat 850; corn 75c; oats '

35c; hogs $8.75; chickens 12@150;
eggs 200.
' lllinois.

Marlon Co., Aug. 26.—Corn is very
poor crop. Have had very little rain
this season. Until this week have had
only light local showers. Potatoes,
beans and all garden truck, clover
seeding and oats a failure. Wheat av-
eraged around 12 bushels; hay was a
quarter of a ton to the acre. There
will be some timothy and wheat sown
on corn land as it has been too dry
for plowing other ground. Hogs and
cattle have been shipped out on ac.
count of lack of feed. Many silos are
being put up and some are now being
ﬁlled. No early apples and very few
late ones. Fair crop of pears and
peaches. Peaches $1; hogs 8@8%c;
cattle 5@6c; butter 250; eggs 20c;
hens 110; chickens 15c; farmers are
paying 90c for corn and 50c for oats.

 
Second weekly installment of the-

splendid serial, “WINSTON OF THE
PRAIRIE,” appears on page 190.

 
....-....-'_.

 
'.THi"s IS THE LAsT EDITION.

The ﬁrst edition is sent to those who
have not express a desire .for the
latest markets. The late, market edi-
ggln will be sent on request at any

9.

DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.

Thursday's Market.
September 3, 1914.
attle

 
Receipts 1337. Market steady; cow
stuff strong.

Best heavy steers $8.50@9; best
handy weight butcher steers $7.50@
8.25; mixed steers and heifers $7@
7.75; handy light butchers $6.75@7;
light butchers $5.50@6.50; best cows
$6.50@7; butcher cows $5.50@6.50;
common cows $4.50@5.50; canners
$3.50@4.25; best heavy bulls $6.50@
7; bologna bulls $6@6.25; stock bulls

$5.25@6.50; feeders $7@7.50; stock-
ers $6.25@7; milkers and springers
$40@90.

Roe Com. Co. sold Mich. B. Co. 2
bulls av 865 at $6.25, 2 do av 1140 at
$6.50, 1 do wgh 680 at $6, 3 do av 857»
at $6; to Kamman B. Co. 5 butchers
av 664 at $7; to Mason B. Co. 1 steer
wgh 1010 at $6.75; to Findlay 10 do
av 630 at $6.75; to Parker, W. & Co.
7 cows av 1000 at $5.50; to Heinrich
23 steers av 923 at $8; to Goose 2
bulls av 1075 at $6.75, 4 do av 820 at
$6; to Mich. B. Co. 6 cows av 1030 at
$6.25; to Breitenbeck 6 do av 908 at
$5.50; to Rattkowsky 1 do wgh 1040
at $5, 2 bulls av 885 at $6.25; to Find-
lay 12 stockers av 603 at $7, 9 do av

.677 at $6.85, 6 do av 673 at $6.75, 1 do

wgh 460 at $6.50, 1 do wgh 750 at $7;
to Parker, W. & Co. 1 bull wgh 1650
at $6.75, 2 cows av 890 at $4.25; to
Kamman B. Co. 14 steers av 855 at
$7.50; to Green 2 cows av 760 at
$5.10; to Rattkowsky 3 do av 1070 at
$5.75; to Grant 3 do av 747 at $5.80;
to Marx 2 steers av 1120 at $7.75; to
Applebaum 1 cow wgh 990 at $5, 2
bulls av 670 at $5.75.

Spicer & R. sold Schroeder 1 steer
wgh 1080 at $7.50, 2 do av 1075 at
$7.25; to Kully ,2 butchers av 970 at
$6.50, 1 steer wgh 800 at $7, 8 do av
926 at $7.50; to Parker, W. & Co. 1
cow wgh 920 at $4.50, 3 do av 1057 at
$6, 2 do av 1050 at $6.25; to Newton
B. Co. 5 steers av 864 at $8; to Mich.

B. Co. 1 bull wgh 1230 at $6.50; to $6

Rattkowsk 2 butchers av 925 at
$6.75; to ullivan P. Co. 8 cows av
1020 at $6.50, 2 steers av 810 at $7.25,
4 cows av 1037 at $6.35; to Goodwin
4 do av 1000 at $4.90.

Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. &
Co. 1 cow wgh 990 at $4.50, 1 do wgh
1040 at $6.25, 1 bull wgh 1170 at $6. 0,
3 butchers av 875 at $6, 1 cow wgh
1270 at $7, 6 butchers av 990 at $6.25,
1 cow wgh 1060 at $6.25, 2 steers av
850 at $7, 1 bull wgh 1250 at $6.75;
to Sullivan P. Co. 7 steers av 1031 at
$7.25; to Schneider 2 bulls av 820 at
$7.75; to Kull 3 steers av 870 at $7,
1 do wgh 710 at $7, 17 butchers av 773
at $7.25; to Sullivan P. Co. 2 cows
av 875 at $7, 15 steers av 1027 at
$7.75, 3 bulls av 883 at $6.15, 2 steers
av 970 at $8.25, 4 do av 767 at $7; to
Mason B. Co. 5 cows av 804 at $6.50,
6 steers av 895 at $7.75; to Parker,
W. & Co. 1 bull wgh 1170 at $6.50 1
cow wgh 1180 at $6.25, 1 do wgh 1330
at $7, 1 bull wgh 1550 at $6.50, 4 cows
av 1107 at $7; to Findlay 4 feeders av
837 at $6.85, 11 stockers av 545 at
$6.50; to Mason B. Co. 4 steers av
902 at $7.35; to Rather 2 cows av 815
at $4.75; to Greene 3 stockers av 61?
at $5.50, 14 feeders av 743 at $7.40,
9 stockers av 544 at $7, 5 feeders av
866 at $7.15; to Reardon 12 stockers
av 460 at $6.50; to Thompson Bros. 2
bulls av 1230 at $6.75; to Mills 20
stockers av 616 at $6.75; to Ham-
mond, S. & Co. 6 cows av 1033 at
94.60; to Bresnahan 14 stockers av
717 at $6.70, 8 do av 732 at $7.

Haley & M. sold Newton B. Co. 4
bulls av 680 at $5.75, 1 do wgh 1360
at $6.50, 2 do av 720 at $5.75; to
Mich. B. Co. 2 cows av 970 at $6, 3

. steers av 1093 at $8, 3 bulls av 823

at $6; to Hammond S. & Co. 2 cows
av 1090 at $6.40, 3 do av 1120 at
$6.40, 1 canner wgh 700 at $3.50, 1 do
wgh 970 at $4.25, 1 cow wgh 960 at
6.50; to Kamman B. Co. 4 steers av
865 at $7.75, 10 do av 831 at $7.20; to
Goose 2 butchers av 535 at $5.75, 4
bulls av 967 at $6.60; to Torrey 4
stockers av 437 at $6.40, 5 do av 570
at $6.50; to Breitenbeck 2 steers av
(.20 at $6.50, 4 cows av 935 at $5.25;
to Reardon 2 feeders av 700 at $7.50,
10 stockers av 587 at at $7.15, 10 do
av 600‘at $7.25; to Bowersox 6 do av
686 at $7.25, 4 do av 582 at $6.85; to
Sullivan P. Co. 6 cows av 1108 at
$6.35; to Cooke 10 steers av 890 at
$8; to Lachalt 4 butchers av 840 at
$7; to Hinrschleman 16 do av 716 at
$7.35; to Bresnahan 19 do av 637 at

$6.60.
' Veal Calves.

Receipts 411. Market steady. Best
$11@12.50; others $8@10.

Roe Com. Co. sold Mich. B. 00. 4
av 155 at $11; to Newton B. 00.
wgh 180 at $12, 1 wgh 190 at $11.50:
to Thompson Bros. wgh .180 at
$7; to Rattkowsk 4 av 250 at $10; to
Thompson Bros. 'av 180 at $11.

ev & M. sold Parker. W. & C

Hal 0.
9 av 165 at $11.50, 1 wgh 220 at $11.50,

rHEMIcHI

'3 av 165' at $11.50, 3 av'iso at $11.50:

to Shaparo 5 av 225 at $11, 3 av 180
at $11.50; to Thompson Bras. 5 av
155 at 5$)12; to Mich. B. Co. 2 av 185

at $11.
Sheep and Lambs.

Receipts 3415. Market 25@35010w-
er than last week on lambs; sheep
steady. Best lambs $7.50@7.85; fair
lambs $6.50@7; light to common do.
$5.50@6; fair to good sheep $4.50@5;
culls and common $2.75@3.50.

Haley & M. sold Thompson Bros. .45
lambs av 70 at $8; to Parker, W. 85
Co. 40 sheep av 50 at $4.50, 15 do av
105 at $4.75, 14 lambs av 75 at $7.50,
10 sheep av 123 at $4.75, 30 lambs avg
60 at $7.50, 10 do av 75 at $7.75, 6
sheep av 120 at $5.25, 7 lambs av 65
at $7.50. ' .

Spicer & R. sold Parker, W. & Co.
8 lambs av 55 at $7.25; to Mich. B.
Co. 29 do av 60 at $7.50, 13 sheep
av 105 at $4.75, 8 do av 115 at $4.75,
5 lambs av 52 at $6, 36 do av 70 at
$7.50; to Parker, W. & Co. 44 do av
73 at $8, 44 do av 65 at $7.50.

Hogs.

Receipts 3924. Pigs $9@9.50; oth-
ers $9.40@9.50; 100 lower.

Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. &
Co. 1500 av 170 at $9.50, 315 av 170
at $9.40.

Spicer & R. sold Hammond, S. &
Co. 350 av 175 at $9.50.

Haleg & M. sold same 310 av 175
at $9.5 , 175 av 160 at $9.40.
Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co.

380 av 120 at $9.50.

Friday’s Market.
August 28, 1914.
Cattle.

Receipts this week 1044; last week
1394; market steady.

Best heavy ,steers $8.50@9;
handy weight butcher steers $7.50@
8.25; mixed steers and heifers $7@
7.25; handy light butchers $6.75@7;
light butchers $5.50@6.50; best cows
$6.50@7; butcher cows $5.50@6.50;
common cows $4.50@5.50; canners
$3.50@4.25; best heavy bulls $6.50@
7.25; bologna bulls $6@6.25; stock
bulls $5.25@5.50; feeders $6.75@7.50;
stockers $6.25@6.75;
springers $40@80.

Veal Calves.

Receipts this week 442; last week
607; good grades steady, common
grassers 500@$1 lower. Best $11@
11.50; culls $8@9; common grassers

Sheep and Lambs.

Receipts this week 4223; last week
4223; market dull. Best lambs $8;
fair do $7.25@7.75; light to common
lambs $6@6.50; yearlings $6@6.25;
fair to good sheep $4.50@5; culls and
common $3@4.

Hogs.

Receipts this week 3076; last week
2205; market steady to 50 higher.
Pigs $8.75@9; others $9.20@9.25.

ADDITIONAL CROP AND MARKET
NOTES.

 
Missouri.

Nodaway Co., August 21.-We are
having the most drouth in history;
corn is drying up, with not more than
half a crop; pastures and meadows are
bunrned up; stock is not doing well,
but everything is high priced. There
is no potatoes and no garden stuff.
'Water is very scarce and all pros-
pects are very poor; farmers are
much disheartened.

Polk Co., Aug. 20.—Continued dry
weather has injured the corn crop and
pastures. A bumper crop of wheat
and cats is being threshed. The dry
weather will prevent seeding of a
large wheat crop unless rains occur
within a few weeks. Eggs 10c; hens
10c; springs 120; hay $12; baled
straw $5@6.

Vernon Co., Aug. 25.—We are hav-
ing showers, which are a great help
in plowing for wheat. There will be
a large acreage of wheat put out;
crops of all kinds have done ﬁne this
year. Chinch bugs have damaged the
late corn some. Peaches have been
an immense crop and are worth $1 per
bushel. Prairie hay is good but is
considerable weedy. Live stock is
scarce and high in price. Wheat 80c;
corn 85c; oats 28c; hay $8; hogs
$8.75; cattle $4@8; butter 220; eggs
17c; hens 120; springs 130.

Kansas.

Cowley Co., Aug. 25.—~Corn is poor;
lots of ‘it being cut up. Potatoes a
fair crop. Ground is very hard and
not plowed for wheat. Wheat yielded
from 20 to 35 bushels; cats 20 to 40
bushels; hay one and a half tons to
the acre. Hogs and cattle are scarce.
Prospects are not very good for ap-
ples, pears and peaches. Eggs 16c;
butter 160; hens and pullets 101,40;
turkeys 100; hogs $8.50; cows and
heiferse$3.50@6; Wheat 80c; alfalfa
$10; corn 800; oats 40c.

. Nebraska.

West Centra Otoe Co., Aug. 24.—

The weather is very dry here now;

1 corn crop cut short on account of the

drouth. Pastures are about all dried
up. The wild hay crop is ready to

harvest now and is very good. Peta-i

toes are etter than they have been
for severa years. Not many ﬁelds of
clover seed to harvest but the crop. is

beSt~heavy this year.

milkers and ,

. a

GAN‘ FARM'ER

well ﬁlled'where cut for seed. Farm-
ers are cutting down considerable
wheat acreage for this fall. Not much
fall plowing done yet, as the ground
is so hard and dry. Wheat yield av-
eraged from 10 to 20 bushels; several
30-bushel yields reported. Oats yield-
ed from 40 to 60 bushels per acre
and was of a very good quality. Hogs
are scarce; quite a few cattle; apple
crop is good. Corn 73c; wheat 82c;
oats 300; eggs 17c; cream 25c; chick~
ens 11@12c; cattle $60@80 per head.

Todd Co., Aug. 24.——Hay and graz~
ing ﬁne. Much grass is being cut.
Cattle are all fat and milk ﬂow is gen-
erous. Small grain all in the stacks.
Yields promise well. Millet looks ﬁne.
Hogs $1.80; wheat 79c; rye 45c; corn
60c; cream and» butter 20c; eggs 150;
chickens 817$c alive.

. Colorado.

West Kit Carson Co., Aug. 20.—Dry
weather is drying early corn very fast.
Some are beginning to cut for fod-
der. Early potatoes are good; late
ones no good. Mexican beans are ﬁne.
Farmers will begin seeding as soon as
they are through threshing. Some
discing done now. Hogs are scarce.
All live stock in good condition. Farm
sales beginning. Butter-fat 23c; eggs
160; wheat 650;l suhgar $8.50 per cwt.

d

a 0.
Power Co., Aug. 21.—The potato
crop in this county is rather light.
There are few beans raised but those
that I have seen are doing pretty well.
The farmers are harrowing to a great
extent; seeding will begin soon; prac-
tically all the harvesting is done, and
threshing is well under way. The sec-
ond crop of alfalfa is being put up
at present. The fruit crop is not very
Peaches $1.25 per
bushel; wheat $1.10 per cwt; eggs
221,40; ﬂour $2.30 per cwt.

Joke to Be Deaf

—Every Deal Person Knows The!
I make myself hear after being deaf 'for
_ 25 years' with these artiﬁcial Ear Drums.
' I wear them day and
night. They are per- ,.
fectly comfortable. " ‘
No one sees them.
When you are at
the State Fair next .
week come in and see Medicated Eur i .
:I: me. Let me show on YM— NOV. 3. 1908
_ , , what I can do or you. It won't cost
youa penny. Or write me and i wil
tell you a true story, how I became deaf and how I
now make myself hear. Address

 
GEO. P. WAY, Artiﬁcial Ear Drum Co. '

6 Adelaide St., Detroit, Mich.

 
Michigan Livestock Insurance to.
capital Stock—$100,000. Surplus—$100,000.

 
The General
says:-
Eggs are eggs—when your hens

don’t lay. A warm chicken house
encourages the hens.

Make the roof-and sides too—of

Certain-teed
ROOFING

—The label guarantees it for 15
years—the three biggest mills in
the rooﬁng industry are behind
that label.

No rooﬁng “tests” can give you that
assurance.

Your dealer can furnish Certain-teed
Rooﬁng in rolls and shingles—made

the General Roofing Mfg. Co. worlds
largest rooﬁng manufacturers, East St.
Louis, 111., Marseilles, 111., York, Pa.

 
Kerosene Engine

' ~ The SANDOW Stationary Engine runs on kero-

"- sens or gasoline. Starts without cranking-

. throttle governed—hopper cooled—speed con-
' trolled while running—no cams—no valves
,‘ —-no gears—no sprockets—only three mov-
ing ports—portable—light weightngml

‘9 power-‘l5-day money-back trial. Sizes. 2
~‘ to 20 H. P. Send postal for free catalog.
' Detroit Motor Car Supply Co.
164 Canton Ave" Detroit. Mich.
Iade for

PUMP GRIND SA an“...

Wood Mills are But. Engines are Simple
Feed Grinders. Sew
Fro-es. Stool Tech

CATALOGUIS I'Rll
AGINTI WANTED

Perkins Wind Mill &
Engine Co. Ell. I860 44
13!) IA!“ :1.

Norah, Ind.

FARMS IIIII HIIM IIIIIIS
FOR SALE OR EXOHINGE

  
Home Office—Charlotte, Michigan.

Only Home 60., in Michigan.

COLON C. LILLIE President.

 
II. J. WELLS, -:- Secretary-Treasurer.

v, MINERAL
'"o‘ii'rHEAVE
‘ ggarsREMEDY

2'95 S H EAVEs

33 Package OURE§ any case or mone ref i d
81 Package OURES ordinary oases. Alineyrnl 11113339
Remedy 00.. 463 N. Fourth Ave.. Pittsburth’a

 
I For 3 ' —At a bar ain, 100 a. dairy farm. We. corn.
l a 3 2 a. al'al 3 established. 6 a. new seeding.
CHAS. A. REID, It. 6, Battle Creek. Michigan.

 
DELAWARE FARMS

Fruit, live stock, alfalfa. Best land near best markets.
Address. State Board of Agriculture, Dover. Delaware.

CASH FOR YOUR FARM

I bring buyers and sellers together, Write me if
Von want to buy. selIOr trade. Established 1881. Frank
1‘. Cleveland, 948‘ Adams Express Building., Chicago.

MICHIGAN FARMING LANDS

Near Saginaw and Bay City, in Gladwin and Midland
Counties. Low prices: Easy terms: Clear title. Write
for map and particulars S’I‘AFFELD BROTHERS
l5 Merril Building. Saginaw. (W. 8.). Michigan.

 
WANTED—Young purebred Percheron Stallions
and Mares for cash. Write, Box A. .
care MICHIGAN FARMER. Detroit. Michigan.

"Wm?" forchoron Stallions For Sale‘iifé‘f? “33
vi f. '
lanai? ﬁai‘ifif'fioaaﬁi’nggrd‘slf tﬁfn‘dﬂfhhi’ggf

FOR SALE—Registered weanling Stallion
. Colts from our best Percheron
Mares. “rite. R. S HUDSON. Michigan. Agri—
cultural Colloge. E. Lansing, Michigan.

 
-—20 acres fruit farm. Peaches,
Cherries. Plums, Pears, Apples
and Grapes. 236 acres of berries
of all kinds. House, barn. hen

house and good well. Will sell wrth or without crops,
E. G. AUDINET. Clio. Michigan.

—The State for Thrifty Furriers.
- Delightfnlmealthy climate. Good
Len , Reasonable Prices. Close to

big markets of large cities of the East. Send for free
descrrp ive pamphlet with map. STATE BUREAU
OF IMMIG RATION, Hoffman Bldg, Baltimore, Md.

 
BRR£§iitered Percherons,
ARES. FILLIES AND YOUNG
STALLIONS at rices that will surprise you.
L. C. HUNT & 0.. Eaton Rapids. Michigan.

 
lIVE Let us handle your
POULTRY, poultry , fruits, farm pro-
BROILERS, ducts. Our 25 years in
FRUITS, the same store assures
POTATOES, your satisfactory results.
glNéONS, CHAS. W. RUDD & SON.

Detroit, Michigan.

snip your Hay In Pittsburgh andio

Daniol MoOaﬂroy Sons Company
Pittsburgh, Pa.

Bel—any bank or Mercantile Agency.

origgs. Fuller a. Co., Basis?“ as? $213.“ ﬁns:

potatoes. poultry and rabbits. Quick returns.

 
—We pay highest market price for

HA $3,”, E. L Richmond Co., Iloiroii.

’FARMERS‘KZ 6’83: ‘Bﬁefé’i’ed 233372.333?

laid om shipped direct tone by express. rite us
for Information. It will pay you. Americnn Butter
& Cheese Co. 31-33 Griswold 1%.. Detroit. Mich.

APPLES AND POTATOES 3x93363333
E. L. RICHMOND 00.. Detroit. Mich.
BOUGHT-333%iF‘iiﬁ'asnéih'ii‘iaETES' 3332i:
William J.- Mackeneen. Box 384. Yardley, Penna.

 
RAILWAY MAIL—Clerk. Carriers. and Rural Carries.
wanted. I conducted oxaminntions—oenhelp

Trial examination free. Ozment. 17. Ii... St. Loy'ii'l‘s

 
F0" SAL —G()0D STOCK AND GRAIN FARM.
. . 287 A. on gravel road, 4% miles southwest
of Big Rapids. good buildings. good water, 1 mile from
school, sorl_clay and sand loam, ood orchard. 60 A.
hardwood timber. 30 A. seeded. Igrice right for quick
sale. Reason for sellinﬁis ill health. For particulars
address, W. H. LANE. . R. No. 3, Big Rapids, Mich,

A ﬁne farm of 160 acres in Ingham
County. Michigan. 5 miles east of the
city of Mason, will be sold at Public

. Sale on said premises by admin-
istrator,spursuant to order of Probate Court of said
County. ep‘t. 26th,]9l4. 30 acres of ﬁne timber. Address
0. W. QLA K, MERRITT HICKS. Administrator,
Auctioneer. Business address, Dansville. Mich.

PIIEIIIED STATE SCHOOL UNI] OPENING.

For sale on ten years time. $2 per acre cash, balance
ten yearly payments. Only 32 miles rom Houston;
near railroad, fertile soil. big crops corn. cotton.
Potatoes, fruit. vegetables. 825 an acre. Plate and
iteraturo FREE. Write DR. WALTERS. Trustee
456First National Bank Building. Houston, Texas:

TEXAS FARM ON TEN YEARS TIME

Productive lends located near railroad at i

famous East Texas cotton. corn and fruit beltioﬁiil'd
two crop climate, ample rainfall. unlimited sn ply of
pure water. Potetoesnpeaches, grapes. strawgerrien
and all kinds of fruit and vegetables that bring
enormous roﬁts. Excellent hog, dairy and ultry
country. Iberal opportunit for man of smalmenne
to get a start on his own Inn with ten years to pay
for it. Price $25 per acre. Write at once for maps
and information. GEO. L. WILSON. Owner
649 Union National Bank Bldg" Houstonll‘exae.

The Deﬁartment of
Soils of . A. 0. re-
ports that the roots
of a. maximum crop

of red clover in one
acre of ground contains as much nitrogen as would
be added to the soil bﬁ an application of 7 tons of
barnyard manure. f the soil contains acid a
maximum crop of clover can be grown.
Our Pulvoﬂxod Limo Ilene will remove acidity
from the soil. m i corbonntes. Write us for prices
delivered at the nearest railroad station,

GUS. F. SMITH. 00.. lno.. Detroll, Mloh.

 
THE MICHIGAN FARMER-ta.

, vgm Us

SEPT. 5, 1m _

 
expansion.

Ington-UMC feature, foun
Club"—llie steel lined speed shells

Reliable Black Powder Shells.

299 Broadway

 
0-54

ine’sl 7 ,;
1 SHOT _- SHELLS

. Arrow and Nitro Club
- Steel Lined Speed Shells

Scientiﬁc tests show that Remington-UMC Arrow and Nitm
Club Steel Lined Speed Shells are the fastest shells in the world.
The steel lining grips the powder—puts every ounce of the
explosive force into a straightaway drive. No loss from shell

You take a shorter lead on the fast birds, get more of them.
Like many other shootin reﬁnements, this sleelliningis an exclusive Rem-
only in Remington-UMC "Arrow" and "Nitro ‘

For all around ﬁeld shooting, get Remington-UMC "New Club"—tho "Old \

Go to the dealer who shows the Red Ball Mark of Remington-UMC—tho
sign of Sportsmen’s Headquarters. He sells em.
okeep your gun cleaned and lubricated rlgbl. use Rem Oil. the new
powder solvent. rust preventative. and gun lubricant. ‘

REMINGTON ARMS—UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE CO. V\

 
I .'

‘ . {3“ng _

s A. b‘ «, \\ ‘
\

,’

 
.»

Q,

    
N ew York

 
Here is real egg-making joy for laying
hens. Makes them relish their morning’s
feed and sends them happy to their nests.
No sick, dopey birds standing around,
but the entire ﬂock full of life, laying
regularly, and showing money-making
form. Feed them

Praﬂ

Poultry
Reéulator

Gets the laying hens into the egg-a-day class,
and starts up the lazy ones. Makes no dif-

ference about breeds—the better the birds

the more Pratts will do for them.
pullctsinto earlylayers.

Develops
Brings birds quickly

and safely through the moult.and puts them
back again on the egg—laying Job.

Go to your dealer and tell him you want Pratts

Poultry Regulator.
to big, generous 25-lb. pails at $2.50.

Comes in 25c packages up
Pratts does all we say and more—-

must do it or we give you your money back and no questions asked.

That has been our guaranty for 42 years.

A Regulator with such a

record is worth asking for and insisting that you get it and none other.

PRATT FOOD COMPANY

PHILADELPHIA

CHICAGO

 
TORONTO

 
POULTRY.

PllIE CREST WHITE ORPINGIOHS iiﬁf’iu‘ii’é‘t‘énﬁ‘i

cockerels, few yearling hens. Get a start. now.
The Willis Hough Pine Crest Farm, Royal Oak. Mich.

 
PLYMOUTH Rock cockorcls 5 to II lbs., according to
age. hens 5 to 8 lbs, 15 eggs $1; Mammoth Bronze
Torn Turkeys 8 to 35 lbs, according to age. Price $8
to $25. 108gg553. A. E, CRAM’l‘ON. Vassar. Mich.

S. L WilllDUTIE EGGS—Ermnnlhiémilili‘ii'o‘ﬁ“ iiﬁh‘l}
Satisfaction guarantosl. RE. Cowdrey. Ithaca, Mich.
LILLIE FARHSTEAO POULTRY
B. P. Rooks. R. I. Reds. and 8. 0. W. Le horn eggs

for sale. lb or 31:26 for $1.60: 50 for .. .
COLON O. LILLIE. Coopersville. Mich.

 
ILVER, White and Golden Wyandottes. Eggs from
SWliites $1 50 per 15. $2 50 per 30. Silvers At (loldcns at catalog
prices. Browning's \\’_\'aml)tto Farm. Portland. Michigan,

 
—All prize winners and breeding stock.
Barred Rocks at half price. Won 20 prizes last winter,
W. O. OOFF‘MAN. R. No. 6, Benton Harbor, Mich,

 
f,
; I’é

"" -' 9' -.

I ' I I
Galvanized or Painted Roofing
Made of high grade open hearth metal. All galyan-
ized Rooﬁng and-Sidirw have an extra heavy tight
coating of galvanize. rite toda for free sample
and mill price list No. 204. Sen size of_ building,
length of ridge, length of rafters and we will furnish
free complete estimate of costuwithout obli ation on

our part to buy--thcn make comparison an ace t a
big saving. Also makers of galvanized shingles for
houses.

30 Year Guaranteed Galvanized Roofing

Made of selected best grade No. 24 gauge open
hearth metal with DOUBLE Cosnnq of ‘GIALVANIZE
and PURE TIN. Write today {or price list No. 60.
When you buy from us you buy from the manufacturer.

Established 1877
THE SYKES METAL LATII & ROOFING CO.
5 I I Walnut Street, Niles, Ohio

2%":qu MILLATMILL PRICES

\7 cell: ‘ xi'g

       
DOG S.

FOX, COON AND RAt BIT HOUNDS

Broke to gun and ﬁeld. Price right. Fox and
Coon hound pups $5 each. Stamp for reply.
11. C. LYTLE. Fredericksburg. Ohio.

j
Hounds ‘gakgztiiﬁzgmgm Sholland Pony Mam
Sand 20 stamp. W. E. LECKY, Holmesville, Ohio.

 
ll 3% BOOK 0N

[_" a“: ' s

W Dog Diseases
”WV AND HOW TO FEED

Mailed Free to any address by the author

H. CLAY GLOVER. V. S.
l 18 West 3lst Street New York

 
Fox and Wolf Hounds

of its host English slrain in America
40 years experience" in breeding
these ﬁne hounds for my own
sport. Save your pigs sheep and
poultry. Send stamp for catalog
1‘. B. HUDSPETH,
Sibley. Jackson County, Mo.

 
While and Brown Ferrel: for Sale f;€.°.°‘f.fﬁﬁnll"lli‘il2‘?

and all small animals out of holes. Burt Ewell, Wellington, 0.

WHITE CEDAR FENCE POSTS—Wihlgi‘ﬁ

Cedar Fence Posts. 7 ft..8 It. and 10 ft. lengths.
Special attention given to f riner club orders. Write
for prices and terms. F. G. COWLEY. Oscoda. Mich.

 
Govermnent Farmers’ Wanted—O‘gf‘gﬁ'iagolg
6°“ Sm” Write OZMENT- 17-F. so. so. Louis. Mo

MEDICINE CHEST FOR' POULTRY.
MEN.

 
The article, “Poultry Diseases and
Their Treatment,’ in the Michigan
Farmer for July 25, 1914, is an ex-
ceedingly interesting. and valuable
one for the practical poultryman, and
although Mr. Marcano .virtually says
that the ax is the best cure for most
of the poultry diseases, yet some of
them may be cured by applications of
medicine. No poultry keeper believes
in drugs or dosing hens continually,
yet accidents “will happen in the best
of regulated hencoops,” and there are
a few remedies which should always
be kept on hand. A simply construct-
ed medicine chest is desirable. Of
course, it must be understood that
medicine is not supposed to, and will
not take the place of sanitation.
Whitewashing the interior of the hen-
housatwice yearly and spraying the
roosts every 10 to 14 days with car-
bolized kerosene (l to 3) should not
be disregarded.

A Convenient Chest.

A drygoods box may be made into
a chest which will serve the purpose
by putting hinges on one side. If the
door is fastened shut with a hook, it
will never be found open, for it takes
a pretty clever hen to unhook this
door, while occasionally a biddy will
learn to ﬂy up onto a button and thus
unlock the door.

First of all, the chest should con-
tain a good sharp ax to be used on all
hens afflicted with any incurable dis-
ease. Next there should be a good
supply of vaseline for use on frozen
combs, wounds, and sores. A bottle
of Douglas mixture for tonic should
also be included. This is made by dis-
solving one-half pound sulphate of
iron, in a gallon of water and adding
one ounce of sulphuric acid. The re-
sulting clear liquid is one of the best
hen tonics that the poultry keéper can
use and is used in the proportions of
one pint to a pail of water. Often
times ginger and red pepper in small
quantities are used in the mashes as
a stimulant, so a quantity of each of
these should be found in the chest.
While charcoal acts medicinally, some
poultrymen regard it more as a food
and it should be fed liberally—more
will be needed than could possibly be
gotten into the chest. There should
also be about a half-pound of potas-
sium permanganate. This is one of
the ﬁnest internal disinfectants there
are for fowls. A few crystals may be
dropped into the drinking water each
time a. new supply is given. Peroxide
of hydrogen is also indispensable in
treating poultry wounds and in stop-
ping blood ﬂow. The brooders and
incubators will need kerosene, while
a quantity of tincture of iron should
be kept on hand, to be used as a tonic
in the drinking water.

An Easily Made Lice Powder.

Besides the remedies enumerated
above, a box of lice powder completes
the list of remedies to be used on or-
dinary cases. This powder is made
as follows: Three-fourths of a pint of
gasoline, mixed with one-fourth pint
of crude carbolic acid, is thoroughly
stirred with two and one—half pounds
Iof plaster of paris. The lumps may
be pulverized by forcing them through
a sieve. Now the pulverized mass is
put out to dry, after which it is put in
a bottle and tightly corked. The stock
mixture will stay effective indeﬁnite-
ly. It may be used by making nail
holes in the bottom of a tin can and
the can used as a shaker. The chick-
en is held by both legs with the head
down, and in this position the feath-
ers fall outward from the body. This
allows the powder to work down to
the skin. .

Then, granting that the ax is the

 
l

gillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllolllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHllHllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllg
Poultry and Bees.
gill]llllIllllllllllllIlllIllllllIllllIllllIllllllIllllllllIlllllll|lllllIIllIllIIllIllllllIll|llllIIlllllllllllllllllllIllIllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllh|Ill]llllf'lllIlllllﬂlllllllllllllllllllllllllIIlllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllﬁ

best remedy for mest diseases of
poultry, the poultryman’s chest will
contain the following: Ax, vaseline,
bottle of Douglas mixture, ginger, red
pepper, potassium permanganate, per-
oxide of hydrogen, tincture of iron
and a box of lice powder—all cheap,
yet effective remedies.
Ingham Co. I. J. MATHEWS.

 
A VILLIAN OF THE CHICKEN
YARD.

 
Most destructive of chicken life, and“

yet the most easily captured, is the
weasel. It will work in darkness or
light, and has no idea of economy in
regard to its prey, but seems to stay
for the sake of the work itself. One
would say, if it were warm blood or
ﬂesh that it desires, it would take
more time for its eating and less for
slaying. A weasel has been known to
hunt and kill 30 chickens running in
the grass, all within an hour or two.
Within a radius of 40 rods my neigh-
bor and myself have lost more than
100 chickens, by weasels.

The balm for healing the wound
was the capture of four of them, and
the work of destruction has ceased.
Destroying four weasel lives could in
no way restore the chickens, but it re-
stored considerable peace of mind dur-
ing the day and rest at night.
said before, the weasel is easily cap-
tured. If one can be on hand when
it has begun to kill chickens, just take
one warm chicken, if still able to peep
the better, suspend it a few inches
from the ground and set a steel trap
directly beneath. In reaching for the
chicken it will be quite apt to release
the trap spring, and thus bring its lib-
erty to an end. We caught two in
this way, one was trapped in a wood-
chuck burrow, and one was pinned to
the ground with a piece of board
while reaching for a chicken recently
killed.

If bloodthirsty, a weasel is very
bold, but when ﬁlled with blood or
meat it spends a day or two dozing,
usually in a woodchuck burrow. In
either case, it is easily captured. It
will pay to be a little thorough in
hunting down these animals, for there
is no lack of thoroughness on their
part to damage the chicken ﬂock.

New York. C. M. DRAKE.

 
STOPPING ROBBER BEES.

 
If through careless handling, or
from any cause, robbing is started, I
think the best thing to do is to throw
a. sheet over the hive. After a short
time this should be raised so as to let
the robber bees out which have col.-
lected on the underside, and the bees
from the colony which have been shut
out go in. Replace the sheet for an-
other half-hour, then remove it and
put a handful of dry grass or hay
over the entrance, and on top of this
a handfulhof wet hay. This will allow
them to dwell in peace for the rest of
the day, as robbers do not like to
crawl through wet hay, unless there
are some coming out loaded with hon-
ey. These you have stopped with the
sheet before the hay was put before
the entrance.

 
KEEP DROPPING BOARDS CLEAN.

 
In order to keep the droppings
boards in a sanitary condition, dry
muck or woods, earth should be
spread upon them immediately follow-
ing each cleaning. This will absorb
the moisture which might otherwise
go to waste. All the litter from the
pens should be carefully swept up at
intervals and spread with the purer
product. It is all worth saving and,
in fact, is usually more than half ma-
nure anyway.

A51.

.4. as.

o. .n- .____.,.

 
.._——_-“._-__._~.-__.gu_.- ‘ _. .

 
r_._.. .

 
l‘. J“ i‘

sun‘s. 191i.

LIL-

. 'lllllllﬂlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllﬂlllﬂlllllllllElmllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllﬂllllllllllll"HE

O
- V ctcrinary.
ﬁWﬂMlﬂﬂﬂllﬂlllll|IlﬂllllllllllllllllllﬂllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllliﬁ
CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.

Advice through this department is
free to our subscribers. Each com-

llllllllllllllllllllllllllll
llllllllllllllllllllllllllllll

 
symptoms of the case in full; also
name and address of writer. Initials
only will be published. Many quer-
ies are answered that apply to the
same ailments. If this column is
watched carefully you will probably
ﬁnd the desired information in a re-
ply that has been made to someone
else. When reply by mail is request-
ed. it becomes private practice, and a
fee of $1.00 must accompany letter.

Cow Gives Bloody Milk.——I have a
cow about ﬁve years old that gives
bloody milk from one quarter of ud-
der. I have applied home remedies
which appeared to give temporary re-

 
parts water to affected quarter three

 
PATENT APPLI ID FOR

Agents Wanted

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

City Comfort in Farm

Here is a new furnace—“The Pipeless Wonder”——requires neither ﬂues

21—201

   
Homes

nor pipes in walls or cellar. Guaranteed to keep the house warmer and c'ozier

for less money than any other system.

No more carrying coal upstairs and

ashes downstairs. No ﬂoor space wasted for stoves. Makes the farm home as
comfortable and cozy as the steam-heated ﬁat. ‘

 
Guaranteed to T“

 
E
Save At Least , ' V
25% of Fuel _ oncAwRI

HOE] 2:22:33:

Money Back

 
Distributes heat perfectly through one regis-
ter, necessitating only one hole in the ﬂoor.
This register has a center and outer channel.
As the warm air rises through the center
channel the cold air is forced down and
drawn into the furnace through the outer
channel; there it becomes heated and again
comes up through the center channel to warm
the house. This continuous circulation of air

makes the “MONITOR” more eﬁicient,

economical and healthful than anv other
heating system. Saves all the floor space

in gout living rooms now taken up by stoves,
an

yet your upstairs rooms will be warmer

You take no risk when you buy the “MON-
ITOR.” Use it 30 days and if not perfectly
satisfactory, we will refund your money. We
build this furnace ourselves in our own im-
mense factory and know what it will do.
We have been in business almost 100 years
and our guarantee gives you absolute protec-
tion.

FREE: A copy of our booklet, “The Pipe-
less Wonder,” mailed postpaid. Send us your
address. If‘ you will give us the size of
your house, number of rooms, etc., We will
help you solve your heating problem at less
expense than it has ever cost you before.

..M.e..... an, my...“ a... ,

 
f - lief. J. G. 1)., Crystal, Mich—Apply
one part tincture of arnlca and 15

      
times a day. Perhaps she bruises her
udder, and if so you may be able to
ascertain the cause and remove it.
Cow CoughsE—I hayig a.1 ﬂowtthaﬁ has
a cough and wou i e 0 now
what to give her. B. H. C., Marcellus, mm!"
virgin. FEII.

 
in hnoccupied territory. Write than stoves ever make them. WRITE TODAY.
qu‘d‘ f“ “m“ The Monitor Furnace Co., 502 Gest Street, Cincinnati. Ohio

H.910. ll_ea|lhy l_l_og§l

If your hogs are not doin well—if they are not growing and putting on ﬂesh
as they should—m spite of p enty of feed—if any of t cm are runty—thm—rough
looking—scrawny, or if they cough Look Out For Worms! In nine cases out of ten
you will ﬁnd these deadly paraSItes are at work by the hundreds in the stomach and
intestines, sucking the blood, stealing the food and pulling the helpless animals down in ﬂesh and vitality.
Remember worm-infested hogs are usually the ﬁrst to be stricken when cholera breaks out, and least
likely torecover, while healthy worm-free hogs are not only in the best possible condition to escape
the disease, but stand a far better chance to recover if attacked. Prevention is the only sure
weapon for ﬁghting this terrible plague and the ﬁrst step is to get rid of the worms. You
can’t afford to neglect this important matter a single day, especially when I make you this liberal offer.

I’ll Rid Your Hogs of Worms
I’ll Prove It Before You Pay

I don’t ask you to risk one penny. All I ask you to do is to ﬁll out

the coupon below—send no money. I’ll feed all your stock 60 days

before you pay. Why go _on wasting feedwlosing reﬁt—inviting disease

into your herd and risking terrible losses, when offer to rid your stock
of worms or no pay 1’ Fill out the coupon-mail today.

what can be done for a horse that is

M at; $1M-
. . 4 .
$123235; at. pit. itipeii‘iﬁéftit ///////////////// .. ,//’///////////// '

  
Mich—Mix 1 oz. of guaiacol in 15 ozs.
of raw linseed oil and give her 1 oz.
at a dose three times a day. .Rub her
throat with camphorated oil once a
day.

Warts—I have a mare that has sev-
en warts; some of them are ﬂat, oth-
ers resemble tumors. Our local Vet.
cut one out but it came back again.
H. J. B., LeRoy, Mich—Every one of
the warts that has a well deﬁned neck
should be cut out completely, but all
' the warty tissue should be removed,
then apply tincture of iron to edges a
few times, then apply one part iodo-

form and nine parts boracic ac1d
daily. Apply lunar caustic to ﬂat ones
once a day or you might apply acetic
acid or cider vinegar once a day.

Distemper.——We have a four-year-
old colt that has had distemper for-
the past six weeks, and although he
is some better, he still coughs. At no
time has he had much of a discharge

from nose. C. B. 0., Elk Rapids,

Mich—Mix together equal parts of
powdered licorice, ground ginger and
gentian and give him a tablespoonful
at a dose twice a day. Apply one part
turpentine and three parts camphor-
* ated oil to throat every day or two.

Knee-sprung.—-I would like to know

 
Mr. Foil is are 'stered Phar- ,
macist under- e Ohio State Laws 3
* graduate of the Cleveland School ofPhar-
mscy and of the National Institute of Phar-
macy, He has been engag in compounding
Veterinary Remedies for the past 25 years.

                
part aqua ammonia and four parts , , . , '_
olive oil to back tendons every day or . J _ . V ,
two. Kindly understand the natural
conformation of your horse may pre-
dispose him to tip forward on his
knees. ‘

Barren Mare.——I have a pacmg mare
20 years old that I would like to
breed. She has been in heat once
this summer at which time she refus~
ed horse. H. M., Saginaw, County,
Mich—Either your local Vet. or own-
er of stallion should dilate opening in
neck of uterus. A forced service
might have the desired effect of bring-
ing her in heat, or she may come in
heat regularly, but show it little.

Sweenied Hip—I have a mare that
had a colt last spring at which time
she injured left hip; since then she
has favored this quarter and travels
with a hitch and very often. rests leg
when standing. J. B., Twming, Mich.
——App1y one part tincture cantharides,
one part turpentine, one part aquaam-

’ monia and six parts raw linseed 011 to
l - hi once a day.

Iéhoe Boil—Elbow Tumor.—-M_y

horse has what I call a large shoe ball

which came on him some time ago.

This hunch is the size of my two ﬁsts , , p ' . .
l and I have applied hot water, also cold Sal-Vet IS the wonder-working, Worm-destroying, medicated salt you have heard and read so much «:5
HOW about. It not only destroys the worms that cause 90 per cent of all live stock diseases, but it aids digestion, sharpens
the appetite. relieves constipation and makes all farm animals thrive better and grow into proﬁt faster.

  
I’ll Feed Your
Stock 60 Days-
Before You Pay

 
ill

 
The Risk

‘ .

water, and also an ointment.

can I manage ith‘so lililatB hid Wild] lift N D I N s

bruise this unc . . . ., us e- o 03 n o tarvin

‘ Mich.———Stabling a horse of this No Drencﬁllng The! ”0010’ Themselves No TroublegatAll
_

gon,

 
leather and Sthfed With curled hair! Hundred writ l'keth's. Can ouaffordtobew'thoutSal-Vet?
then leleled around pastern. Anoth- THE 90 R0 FHL 60' . The gostsis onlfaltriﬂe.lFor onlgone-twelfthofacelnt a_day anysheep
er plan is to pad heel of foot or apply pang?” cloveland, Ohio . muggggyrggcgggigreggligfegglhggggvervthwzWamnand nothing

: protector made out of sheep skin with Ship me enough Sal-Vet to 1133: my $122k“ O J t th

. wool next to body. When a horse is 60days. 1qu pay the freightc mef . 6“ s d N M us a
} arrives- W t° “9°“ '°““‘“J”%m£i.’.'§.u.im” ’ Ell 0 oney- coupon
1

kind in a narrow stall is bad, for . , ' . .

‘ when they lie down the shoe is pretty Sal-Vet is_easy to feed. You Simply place it where all your farm animals can have

u sure to come in contact With elbow,“ free access to it, and they doctor themselves. Sal-Vet isthe biggest money-maker and money-saver you

i 1 . h of course is apt to bruise it. can ﬁnd. Nothing else pays you such big proﬁts and prevents so many losses. Read these letters:

{ W “C 1 ’ . “Hot chden swept things” of the mutant} the put tall. It got “Greatly pleased with SAL-VHF. I never knew a horse could .
A roll should be applied to paSteI‘n intotheherdaofm neares neighbors onbo sides: lamsuremy have so many worms and live.‘ SAL-VET surely brings them—~big E-

1.1: surrounded by hog-s were expose because one of then: took the diseaseAbut re- and small. The horses to which 1 fed SAL-VET set one hundred ,
11111011 the same as 1 covered. S L-VET percent better, and what we formerly thought was coke and
an auto tire to protect tender elbow. I I I I I I I I I Q “g eggs-3,1;- newness.vmvdzotEhiragEgggg-i‘mdwomﬂ
These are usually made Ollt 0f light album! m "m" 9,... {iixmi 11335313. 271 Dauphin Street, Mobile, Alabama

1

l

stabled in box stall they are less apt and atthat time ”Hm-mm oe .

to bruise elbow than if kept in open “it does not. you are tocaneel the charge. Just; tell me how many head of stock you have and i will

 
stall. Apply shoe with rubber pad 01‘ . ship you enough Sal-Vet to last your stock 60 days. You
_ - y the fre ht char 1 it riv 5-— nd feed th
Without calk 01‘ sharp CUttlng Gag-es Namp . p Sal-Vet algcordingﬁadiiegtiionﬁor 20 dzys. At thg
and apply equal parts tincture 0f 10- . on: ffd thataltliriie lifgportl,ﬁesults.l gheshh-rv“ has
. . . 0 one c 1m, canoe c e-
dine and spll‘lttS 00212311153193? i130 8133:2811: . wzrgt owe me a penny. Send the coupogn n33:
W
every day or P‘ 0 - - O Bldnoy R. l'oll, Pros.

it should either be opened up freely or

cuﬁi‘iilgtbone.—One of my work horses Shipping Sta.
has a hard bunch on fore part of ‘
(Continued on page 203). _ Naef'Sheep Hogs Cattle Hams

  
O .
aye arise-ico-
Dept. MP Cleveland. 0.

are

hog or sheep and 4 pounds for each horse or
head of cattle, as near as we can come wi
out breaking regular- sized packages.

 
202*22

 
SEPT. 5. 1914.

 
Gombault ’s
Caustic Balsam

1119 Worlds Greatest and Sun-est

    
We guarantee that one tablespoontui of Caustic
Balsam will produce more actual results than a whole
bottle of any liniment or spavin mixture ever mode
Every bottle sold is warranted to give satisfaction
Write for testimonials showing what the most prom!
1819?: gorgemensgy o! it.” t{'lgrice, 81.50 per bottle.

0 y ruggis s or sen ex res
with full direction’s for its 115:. p a, W M.

The Aeeﬁpted Standard
VETERI All Y REMED Y

Always Reliable.
San-e In Results.

SAFE, SPEEDY ANIJ POSITIVE.

Superscdes All Cautery or Fir»
ing. Invaluable as a CURE for
FOUN DER
WIND puﬁrs,
THRU

   
SPLINTS.
CAPPED H
STRAINED TENDONS.

SAFE FOR ANYONE TO USE.

     
,r/memmmw :ipam‘” ' 'IW
.sf’c’ﬁ’mmfsfm‘ I mavens - -.

CAUSTIO BALSAM IS THE BEST

Your Gombault’s Caustic Balsam is the best
iiniment I know of. I have bought four bot-
tles for my neighbors, and two for myself. I

Balsam.

 
GOMBAULT’S ‘AUSTIC BALSAM
IS EXGELLENT.

Having read an advertisement in Wisconsin
Agriculturist about your Gombault’s Caustic
Balsam, I have tried some of it and think it
excellent—J. M. Woramdovslcy, Big Flats, Wis.

     
have cured a sweenied horse with the
-Louts Miller, Sharon, Wis.

   
Sole Agents for the United States and Oanada.

he Lawrenee- Williams 00.
TORONTO, ONT. OLEVEMND, OHIO.

 
EVEN IF IT
COST NOTHING

AN ENSILAGE

  
T65]? Steel Posts

Patented

  
Stop Digging Post Hales

ING TIM I

AM EXPENSIVE .

WWW“ == 3 Use Galvanized Steel Posts,
THE shaped so they can be driven without cutting

away any port of the ground.

T & T posts are ten times as strong as wood
and are fire and lightning proof. They require
no staples, as fastening lugs are a. part of post.

Made In various sizes and lengths to meet all
requirements. {‘ihlpped ncstod,which saves freight

Send for booklet giving full information and
prices. -

The Metal Post & Culvert Company

Niles. '- Ohio

 
Will

Is A DEPENDABLE CUTTER. WELL DESIGNED AND
STRONG. OPERATES WITH LESS HELP AND IS
MODERATELY PRICED. WHY TAKE A CHANCE?

’ an CORNELL ST. - FREEPORT. ILL.

VI: ALSO IUILO SAMSON WIND III-LC. ALFALFA GRIND.
IRS. HAND ORINDER‘. STOVIR FIID III-LI.
PUMP JACKS. FRI! CATALOGS.

 
:/

    
I ,l- . ._--a‘
3,} / ’flﬁ‘" / ‘7 ,u‘ﬁ I

5,9 1 8,098 '{J‘Im My,»
1“ gallons Polarine sold last year “'9‘ p

' 0*) 1,536,232

gallons more than in 1912

olal’ine

FRlCTION REDUCING MOTOR OIL

     
The constantly increasing use of POLAR-
INE by thousands of motorists is indisput-
able evidence of its lubricating e'ﬁ'iciency.
It affords perfect lubrication to all makes
and.types of motor cars, motor trucks,
motorcycles and motor boats.
POLARINE maz'm‘az'ns [/16 correct lubrz'cal—
z'ng body al any motor speed or temperature.
POLARINE remains liquid at
zero. POLARINE differs
from all other motor oils, in
that it lubricates perfectly at
V“ , extremes of temperature.

6‘ STANDARD OIL COMPANY

(AN INDIANA CORPORATION
Maker: of Lubricating Oil: for Leading Engineering and!

   
\\ \\\\\

  
%
/

 
Industrial walk. of the World ,3?

 
THE MICHIGAN FARMER

l|II|llIIllllIlllllIllIIHHIHHIIIIIIHHIIIHHIIHII|llllllllIIIIHIIIIIHIIIHIIIHHIIIHIIHIllllllllllllllllllliﬂ

E

g Farmers’ Clubs

EllﬂlllllllmlllllllIIIHHII”HIHIlillllllllll“IIIHIIIHIIHlllﬂllmmllllllllIIHIIHIIIIHIIHIIHIIIIHIIHI'E‘ZJI

Address all communications relative
to the organization of new Clubs to
Mrs. C. P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.

Associational Motto:

“The skillful hand with cultured
mind is the farmer’s most valuable
asset.”

FARMERS' CLUB EXPERIENCE.

Sometimes the relation of one’s per-
sonal experience proves interesting
and helpful reading for others. At
least I have always found this to be
the case and in hundreds, yes, thou-
sands of instances, I have gained val-
uable and helpful ideas from reading
the experiences of other men. Quite
generally these published experiences
are conﬁned to the discussion of con-
crete problems relating to some phase
of farm management or some method
of doing farm work, but it is the idea
that experiences of a more general
character, relating to our relations
with other farmers and farm families
in our home neighborhoods, might be
of equal interest and beneﬁt to many
readers that I have deCided to record
my experience bearing on the above
topic.

As a young man I began farming
with small capital and a very consid-
erable debt, and upon land that was
not the best at the start, and which
had lost much of its virgin fertility by
injudicious management. My wife was
a willing, but not too strong co-work-
er in the task which confronted us,
and the ﬁrst half-dozen years of our
married life were spent in unbroken
toil, with scant social relations out-
side the circle of our immediate fam-
ilies, and almost no recreation at all.
While this seemed to be the sensible
course to follow, I have since come to
see that it was a mistaken idea, as it

 
'was wholly unnecessary, and it is
with the idea of keeping other young

people from the making of similar mis-
takes that I have been constrained to
write this experience.

During that time there was a live
Farmers’ Club in our township. It
was one of the earlier organizations of
the kind in the state and at o‘nce be-
came afﬁliated with the State Associa-
tion. But I lived on the extreme edge,
rather than near the center of the ter-
ritory from which its membership was
drawn, and as no one gave me a spe-
cial invitation to attend any of the
Club meetings, a natural reserve
which was perhaps coupled with a. de«
gree of mistaken pride, prevented me
from making an effort to afﬁliate my-
self with the organization.

I rccall one incident in particular
which well illustrates the deep-seated
nature of this difﬁculty, which I will
relate for the reason that I believe
my own idiosyncrasy in this connec-

tion is a somewhat common human
fault and its relation may possibly
prove of indirect beneﬁt to others who

may be similarly situated. The Farm-
ers’ Club had been instrumental in
getting up a farmers’ institute, which
was held at a centrally located church

about ﬁve miles from my home. This
was the ﬁrst farmers’ institute that I
recall being held in the community
and I very much desired to attend,
particularly because several speakers
of note had been secured for the oc-
casion, among them the then governor
of the state. At that time I had nev-
er ‘even seen a governor and shared
the natural awe of the unsophisticated
toward such a dignitary, as well as a
natural curiosity regarding his ap-
pearance and personality. But I didn’t
go. Although it was a public meet-
ing, I held tenaciously to the idea that
it was a Club affair, gotten up for Club
members, and wouldn’t attend it with-
out a special invitation, which, of
course, I didn’t get. Although more
than 20 years have elapsed since that
momentous date, I distinctly recall my
thoughts and impressions While en-
gaged with the task at hand when I
should have been at the institute,
which chanced to be repairing the
lock on the kitchen door.
(Continued next week).

 
EIIIIIIIIIHIIIHIIIIHIIlllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIllIll"llIlllllllllIllIIllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllUHllllllllﬂ
s .Grange. g
EllHIIIlllIIIIllllINIll!llllIIIHIIllIIIIlllIllllllll“lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIIHIIIHINIIIIIIIIIE

Our Motto—“The farmer is of more
consequence than the farm, and should
be ﬁrst improved.”

FOUR-COUNTY PICNIC A SUCCESS.

 
Some 2,000 Grangers from four
counties, Ionia, Kent, Ottawa and
Montcalm, gathered at Lowell, W'ed-
nesday, August 19, for their annual
rally and picnic at Island Park. Fol-
lowing a parade of floats, autos and
other vehicles, with several hundred
of these in line, a picnic dinner on the
island and a ﬁne program was given.

The address of welcome was given
by S. P. Hicks, of Lowell, who said
the people of his town were proud to
have this Grange gathering, which
stood for mental, social andaindus-
trial improvements. Lowell has put
on her good clothes and the town be-
longs to the Grangers for the day.

Response of welcome was given by
Mayor Ellis,_ of Grand Rapids, who
in part said: “Everyone has some
ambition to make the future better,
and the farmers are the most satisﬁed
people because most farmers own
their own homes. They have learned
the great lesson of fraternalism as
men, and stand ﬁrm for making the
world better.”

Ashley Berridge, of Montcalm coun-
ty, said he was glad his county was
included in this great picnic, and that
due to the hospitality of the people of
Lowell, they felt more than repaid for
coming. The closer friendship these
meetings caused was also commented
upon.

C. M. Freeman, National Grange
Secretary, then told of his life work
in the Grange with the boys and girls;
his personal experience in teaching
them that farm life was worth living.
He said that New York state was the
banner state in Grange work but he
hoped to see Michigan stand ﬁrst
soon.

J. C. Ketcham, of the Michigan State
Grange, congratulated Lowell citizens
for their hospitality, and gave a word
of appreciation to the different com-
mittees for their efforts in arranging
so great a picnic. His address was to
the voters and about the things they
could bring about through the Grange
and legislation; that we do not want
to vote for an unlimited amount to
build good roads, but we do want a
national primary law and a guaranty
bank deposit law, and a market com-
mission bill should be passed to help
the farmers.

Ex-Master of the Michigan State
Grange George B. Horton, and Mr.
Landsman, of Grand Rapids, who
spoke in place of Ex-Gov. Osborn, be-
sides several others from the differ-
ent counties concluded speech mak-
ing. The recitations, readings and
music Were exceptionally ﬁne.

The tug of war between South Bos-
ton and Gratton Granges, which con-
cluded the day’s doings, was won by
the former Grange.

 
AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.

 
A Good Crowd in Spite of the Hot
Weather.—A1though Tuesday, August

18, was one of the hottest days this
summer, over a hundred Grangers
attended the meeting of Kalamazoo
County Pomona Grange with Gales-
burg Grange, where an all-day session
was held in their hall. The forenoon
was devoted to a business meeting.
Reports from the various Granges in
the county were given and it was
found that the Galesburg Grange had
the largest number of members, 168 in
good standing. After these reports,
balloting for four candidates for the
ﬁfth degree took place. Then dinner
was served in the Congregational din-
ing-room by the ladies of Galesburg
Grange. The candidates who had been
balloted on in the forenoon were giv-
en the degree work the ﬁrst thing af-
ter dinner. ‘Then followed ‘the after-
noon program which was open to the
public - '

 
'rrﬁxv ‘s-nr-vlv~‘mm- ‘ “-4.? ~-.. ..

x

‘ «._,.~:~_n.. a.“ r...‘ -..- .-.~...,M “-‘W " I »

Hwy.» —»‘-

 
~ ”-7

R

View» :0w—-mu_ r~ “cu-4am? -.- ..

’-q

l
l
g
l
l
:5;

 
mm. 5. 1914.

, (Continued from page,201).
pastern about one and one-half inches
above hoof, which causes him to limp.
Whatever it is it has been gradually
growing for the past two years. M.

. D., New Baltimore, Mich.—Apply
one part red iodide of mercury and
four parts lard every ten days. But
remember, it is important to give the
animal rest.

Chronic Stiﬂe Lamenessr—Ihave a
12-year-old more that has what our
local Vet. calls stiﬂe lameness and he
says there is no cure for this trouble
and advises me to destroy her. A. S.,
'v’assar, Mich.—Many cases of stiﬂe
lameness are incurable and when the.
joint is stiff the animal is, of course,
of no value. You had better be guid-
cd by your Vet., if you consider him
competent to make a correct diag-
nosis. The best application you could
make would be one part red iodide
mercury, one part powdered canthar-
ides and eight parts lard every ten
days.

Neisy Cow.—-I have a cow that calv-

ed three weeks ago without any trou-
ble, but since then she bellows and
bawls almost constantly. So far as I
can tell, she is in good health. J. A.,
Saginaw, Mich.—-—Give her 1 dr. of
ground nux vomica, 17$ oz. ground gen-
tian at a dose three times a day, and
breed her. If she is in heat continu-
ally, it is possible that she will have
to be spayed before she will cease
making noise.
/‘ Acute Indigestion—I have a six-
year—old cow that came fresh last
spring, but lately she has fallen off in
milk yield and is getting quite thin.
About three weeks ago she had a sick
spell at which time she only gave one
quart of milk at a mess, a few days
gave four, but now has fallen off
again. She has fair pasture but it is
low land and swamp with quite a lit-
tle brush. C. W. R., Birmingham,
Mich—Give your cow a teaspoonful
of salt, a tablespoonful of ground gen-
tian, 1 dr. of ground nux vomica and
two tablespopnfuls of baking soda at
a dose in feed night and morning.

Inbreeding—I would like to know if
it would do to breed a Percheron
horse to a half-sister of his mother;
both are registered and would the
colt be eligible to registration? A. J.
A., Tekonsha, Mich—I believe it
would be all right to mate them if
both are sound and rugged animals;
furthermore, the produce of registered
sire and dam must be eligible to' reg-
istration.

Partial Loss of POWer.——We have a
sow that farrowed eight nice pigs in
May; shortly after we took the pigs
from her, the last of July, she lost
the use of her hind quarters, but is
gradually regaining use of them. We
would like to know what the trouble
was and the probable cause, and if it
would be safe to breed her again. E.
W. M., Cheboygan, Mich—Feeding an
unbalanced ration, lack of exercise,
keeping hogs in a clean dry place and
not giving sufﬁcient exercise is doubt-
less the most common cause of loss of
power of hind quarters. Corn is not
a balanced ration for hogs; it has a
tendency when fed to produce fat,
rather than bone, muscle and tendon.
Feed oats, oil meal, tankage and grass
and exercise her every day. After you
breed her, notice that she has exer-
cise daily.

Barren Cow.——I have a cow that I
have bred several times, but she fails
to get with calf. G. W. A., Scottville,
Mich—Dissolve 2 ozs. of cooking soda
in three pints of tepid water and in-
ject her when she comes in heat. Do
not breed her closer than four or ﬁve
hours from the time you injected her.

Acute Congestion.—-I turned my
colts out to pasture Sunday morning,
and noticed nothing wrong with either
of them; about ten o’clock it started
to rain and I put them in. I soon no-
ticed that one was wrong, stood with
right fore foot pointed in advance of
body; the kidneys and bowels were
not active, and there was considerable
tenderness in glands of throat. The
colts eat and drink all right, but move
about rather stiff. Colts walk with
sprawling gait and show symptoms of
founder. G. G., Rapid City, Mich.—
Stand colts in wet clay or apply wet
clay to feet, keeping them moist most
of the time and apply spirts of cam-
phor to tender glands twice a day.
Apply lanolin to fore hoofs once a
day and give 30 grains of powdered
nitrate of potash at a dose twice a

day.

Acute Indigestion—Colic.—-I have a
Percheron mare 12 years old that has
had frequent sick spells, which come
on suddenly, causing her considerable
pain, followed by pawing and rolling.
Some of the attacks have lasted four
or ﬁve hours and I forgot to mention
that she usually bloats. C. A. L., Ben—
don,’ Mich—Careful feeding and wa-
tering will come nearer preventing
future attacks than giving her drugs.
Give her a tablespoonful of cooking
soda, a tablespoonful of ginger and a
teaspoonful of hypo-sulphite of soda at
a dose in feed two or three times a
day. She should be exercised daily.

 
THE. MICHIGAN F’ARM’ER

lot-Reg. Holstein (lows-101

To be Sold in 5 hours (1 every 3 minutes.)

Friday, Del. 23,al l 2 m.

-—— AT THE ——

Sale Pavilion, Howell. Mich.
tourism by the Howell Sales Company It livingsion Go.

' Daughters of all-lb. Bulls bred to 30-lb. Bulls. A.R.0.
cows and ughters of A. R. O. cows bred to 30-lb.
sires. These cattle have been seleted from the
herds of 24 prominent breeders of Livingstou county
and are a fair representation of their stock. The
obieot of this sale is to give the breeders of the state
an opportunity to buy representative Livin 11
County Holsteins at a public auction and every e ort
is being made to present the finest lot of young cows
ever offered at a Howell sale. Sold without reserve
at your own price. Cstnlogs Oct 1.

A. RALPH EASTMAN Sec.

COL. D. L. PERRY Auc. s. '1'. woop. Pod. Expert.

ONE HUNﬁliD HEAD 0t 8.... 0m
Steers and Heifers

ready for to sell at once. Five cars of two-year-old

steers will be ready for to sell Oct. 15. 1914.

J. B. (in ARDNER. Cadillac. Michigan. L. B. 437.

 
urebred Collie Pups. Dam dri 'es sil'kinds of live stock
. and poultry. Sire will handle 2000 sheep perfectly. Pups from
this superb matting $10 each. G. A. Wigeni. Weiervliot. lick.

Feeding Molasses

to your pigs is guaranteed to increase your proﬁts 20
o N) per con '

t t. F I (1 full cuhrs, wri
miss a conﬂﬁ'a'x ‘1"3, mm... moi-in:

BREEIlERS’ DIREC'NRY.
CATTLE.

ABERDEEN ANGUS

Bull calves and yearlings ready for service. Sired
by Louis of Viewpont lonely related. to live
Grand Champions—Erother. Sister. Sire. Si-re’s
Brother and Grundsire. (International Grand Champ-
ion for three years in succession. Prices $75 up. Will
meet prospective purchasers either at Somerset.
Addison or Addison Junction.

You are bound to get good calves from these bulls
even With strongly dairy type grade cows.

GEO. B. SMITH e 00..

ADDISON AND SOMERSET. MICHIGAN.

ABERDEEN-ANGUS

HERD FOUNDED IN 1900.
Strains regrcsented consist of Trojan Ericas. Black-
birds and rides, only. Black Qual' y Ito. nbull of
rare individuality and merit. hea sthe herd.
WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionia. Mich.

 
mop. CAMPBELL. ' CHAS. J. ANGEVINE.

BEACH FARM.
GUERNSEYS

We have for sale imported and
home bred Bull Calves, guaranteed
free from tuberculosis. They are
ﬁne and have had the best of care.
Send for sale list, or What is better
for both parties, come and see them.

CAMPBELL 8!. ANGEVINE. Goldwater, Mlcll.

 
Buy Guernseyslor Profit

Your investment in GUERNSEYS
will return a. larger profit than that
from any other dairy breed.

Guernsey came club, Box 25, Peieriioro,ll.ll.
_
—I"umoue May Rose Strain. A select herd.

Guernsey: 'l‘ub. Tested. Several A. . . Cows.
J.K. Blotchford. Wiiidermere Farm,Watervllet.Mir-h,

e have for sale a number of pure-Guernsey cows.
Wheifers and bulls. also Berkshire hogs,
VILLAGE FARM. Grass Lake. Michigan.
2 six months old

HEREFORD BUL ...m..........

ALLEN BROS» Paw Paw, Michigan.

Holstein-Friesian Breeder—Fig: “big; {2:385
represented. D. D. AI'I‘KEN. Flint. Michigan.

HOLSTEINS & B RKSHIRES‘SKﬁEa‘liE

priced reasonable. B. B. REAVEY. Akron. Mich.

TIIE TIIREE BEST IIOLSTEIN CATTLE

Poland Chine Hogs and S. 0. White Leghorns.
FOREST SIDE STOCK FARM
M. H. Chamberlain Jr. Prop.. Romeo. Mich.

Very Choice Holstein Bulls

At Farmers Prices.
Long Beach Farms. Augusta. Kalamazoo 00.. Mich.

I have on band 100 high grade
“Ols‘ein cows Heifers. age 6 me. to 2% yrs.. lots
of unlit andin good condition. Also aﬁneselection
of iill‘nturcd cows. Alger Birkhols New Buffalo Mich.

OL'lTEIN FRIESIAN CATTLE. Bulls for sale.
the kind tbvt will satisfy or money refunded.
JONES & LUTZ. Oak Grove. Michigan.

' —l"ull brother to the triplets (see Mich.
“0'3“"! ca" Farmer March 10. 1914 issue,) cousin to
Marlin MeLnnlin, Redford. Mich.

 
Pontiac De Nijlauder.

 
F0“ s‘LE—At reasonable prices Re istered Holsticn
Friesian Young Sires o world's record
brooding. HATCH HERD. Ypsilanti,

”Ill Buy and Sell llolslein calllo :gnﬁﬁl‘ll“;

s‘ islty. Large acquaintance nmong the breeders.
ﬁnk referent-es. Vwemnn J. Fishbei'k. Wowell.Mich.

BIGELOW’S ’ IIOISTEIN FARMS

Brecdsvllle. Michigan.
Breeder of high class

Registered Holsteins.

$100 BUYS express paid. high record. re stored

eight months old HOLSTEI BULL
26-lh. sire. Kiw Segis and Hengerveld De Kol blood.
RIVERVIE FARM. R. No. 8. Vassar. Mich.

“Top-Notch” Holsteins.

Extra large ﬁne young bull. 95 white born Oct. 4, 1913.
Dam has ofﬁcial record of 29.40 lbs. butter in '1 days
117.50 lbs. in 30 days. Site's dam is a 22.64 lb. 4 yr,-old
daughter of a 30.59 lb. cow.

MoPHEBSON FARMS 00.. Howell. Michignn.

Michigan.

 
A Grandson of

KING OF THE PONTIAGS

ROSE llAll. PONTIAC MAHOMET,
three years old. four-fifths whiten: ﬁne individual,
bred right, is right and the price is right. He
is by one of the best individual and best pro-
ducing sons of King of the Pontiacs. and out of
Nettie Mahomet Lyons De K01. butter 23.79 lbs.
from 531 lbs. of milk at 12 years old.

I am also offering Your choloo of Ten Cows
from my entire herd. This is a. chance to get the
right. kind of a. bull and just such cows as
you should have.

L. E. CONNELL, Fayette, Ohio.

ESPANORE FARM,
LANSING, MICH.

Rogislor’d Holsteins

' Bull Calves $50 to $200.

 
0411; Bulgipsolgtsenggaﬁmntee with each piﬁ'lrisse.
ADAM n.’rnuous0n. l 0"“°'°" ' Supt.

 
‘ ' ' 4 d 5 months old.
Two Boanlilul llolsloin Holler: M22... white. very
high class in every respect. $135 each. 8250 for both,
delivered free. HOBART W. FAY. Mason. Michigan.

EOISTERED HOLSTEINS—Herd headed by Albina
R Bonte Butter Boy No. 93124. whose dam has semi-
oﬂlcial yearly record. Butter 802 lbs. Milk 18622le. as a.
2-yr.-old. No stock for sale. W. B. Render. Howell, Mich.

 
Purebred Registered

HOLSTEIN CATT LE

The Greatest Dairy Breed
Sand for FREE Illustrated Booklet;
ﬂolstein-Friesisn. Auo..Box l64. Brnttleborol‘ft.
JERSEY S—Bull calves nearly ready for service.
Sired by Jacoba's Fairy Emsnon 107111.

SMITH & PARKER. Howell. Michigan.
EGISTERED HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN BULL FOR

SALE. 2-yrs.-old. Price reasonable.
R. L. VICKEBY. R.'No. 2. Fennville. Michigan.

 
APLE Lane Register of Merit Jersey Herd—Tu-

berculin tested by U.8. Government. Bull calves
from cows in R. of M. test. Heifer calves whose dams,
grand~dnms. and rent grand-dams are in the Register
of Merit. IR IN FOX. Allegan. Michigan.

ERS EYS—YEARUNO BULL READY FOR
4 SERVICE. Also bull calves.
rookwnter Farm. R. l". D. No. '1. Ann Arbor. Mich,

NDW IN SERVICE—1r“.“Shigl’fplln‘talgl‘l‘éoarili‘f

GREGORY & BORDEN. Ilowell. Eliehigan.

Lillie Farmstead Jerseys
(Tuberculin tested. Guaranteed free from Tuber-
culosis.) Several good bulls and bull calves out of
good dairy cows for sale. No females for sale at
present. Satisfaction unranteed.

COLON C. LILY. E. Cooper-ville. Mich.

HILL CREST JERSEYS

See them at the fairs. Grand Rapids and Detroit.
Wednesday. Sept. 9. is Jersey day at Detroit. ,
Fl. B. \VA’I‘TLES. Troy. Michigan.

J ERSEYS —-Fnr list of stock for
sale and Jersey facts

write A. P. EDISON. Sec. M. J. C. 0., 326 W. Bridge,
Grand Rapids. Mich. If a breeder and a member
f M. J. C. 0. send list of stock for sale to the above.
JE¥(S)EY BULLS

BUTTER BRE 1. SALE

CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.
Silver Creek. Allegan County. Lilchlgnn.

Dairy llred Shorlhorns, A Few Females For Sale.
J. B. HUMMEL. Mason. Michigan.
FDR SALE—A yearling Shorthorn bull. color red

and little white. Write for pedigree and
price. Wm.D. McMullen. 67 Madison St..Arir'ia.n.Mi(-.h.

A d O f dD Y 1'
Young Shorlhorn Bulls 1.3.... alkali“ mm"
H. B. PETERS. Burton. Michigan. R. R. Elsie.
3600buys two cows three and four yrs..
Shadhorns one yearlinihelfer and two calves six
month. A. A. PATTUL 0. Deckervllle.Micllignn.
Shorthorns—Bulls and females. all ages. Tell just

what you want. Also . ogs. Oxford Sheep.
C. W. ('rum, See. Cent. Ilieh. Sher-thorn Ass’n.. llchrides. Mich.

SﬂEEP.

 
1 IT PAYS TO BUY PURE BRED SHEEP
= 0F PARSONS "Enigma-gen
I sell and iahip eve

where an ex-
, press chainsaw will
a

h
twp. Write orclub
offer and descriptive
‘ V. price list. Oxfords,

"1' "‘"V'L H " 1‘ ‘ Shropshirﬁm-
B¢,"$lg~{si;2/efsp‘ oui clean Polled‘

Delaines.

  
. , ‘ ‘
PARSONS, Grand Ledge. Michigan R 1
RAM ~SIIROPSHIRES OXFORDS AND
HAMPSHIBES. Good strong well
wooled fellows ready for business. Bhippjed to you

without the Bmoney. Ian.t that fair? so write
KOPE KON FARM. Kinderkook. Michigan.

FOR SALE—(ﬁll; ilihliidei’c’ﬁf’d‘“ “m
GEORGE J. DOSTEB. Doctor, Michigan.
Oxforddown Yearlings and Ram Lambs
M. F. GANSSLEY. Lennon. lllichlgan.
shropshire Yearling and Ram Lambs. large frames.

Wool and Mutton ty 0, Also 0. . . swme.
r- P. ANDREWS. )ansvllle, Michigan.

— . 4 ' .
SHROPSHIRES thi°ioteiegti§$d‘it$:._ ”9
W. P. PULLING & SON. Purina. Michigan.

Slllllll'SlllllE RIMS lllll EVIS FOR SALE
DAN BOOHER. RJNo. 1, Marion, Michigan.
THE MAPLES SHROPS—We offer 20 extra yearling

rams, nZ-yr-old stock ram bred by Campbell. nlm
ewes. E. E. Leland & Son. R. R. 9. Ann Arbor. Mich.

 
FOR SALE-'RGB. Shropshire Rsms and Ram Lambs.
also Ewes and Ewe lambs. Extra well covered
with wool. M. A. BRAY. Okemos. Ingham Co.. Mich.

H008.
lluroos cl.Violorias‘ég'b'lﬂitifrsﬁita’mﬂl‘ifgm
M. T. STORY. Lowell, Mlch., Citizens Phone 55.
MILLION BREE lEllliHlllEnggﬁ‘éiobg’gwggsgé

old re tutored stock, 86.00 and 88.00.
D. B. ALENTINE. Supt.. Temperance. Michigan.

 
23*203

i'

B k h' —Reg. Berkshire Boers ready for services
er 3 "BS also spring pig-s either sex at farmer.
rises. White Oak Farm. R. No. 4. Brown City. Mich.

. ' d - .
BERKSHIRES $323" 32%. ”335k.“r..%i'3.
stock. ELMHURS STOCK FARM. Almont, Mich.
o I 0 March. A ti] and May pigs; the big,

I l l

rowthy k nd that always makes good,
LEMUEL NIC OLS. R.F.D. No. 2. Lawrence. Mich,

 
' —Re . Bred Guts—Orders taken for
cheﬂer Whlles sprigg pigs and Collie ups. Holstein
Bulls at Bargains. BAY B. PARHAM. roneon. Mich.

. - «R d t bi ndsure
Chesler Whllo Boar: & “Ills“, plagnsyemgosoﬁ'grilhe ick
of our spring etc of pigs. Registration papers roe.
’l‘hos. W. Eager, gr., The Osborne Farm, Area. Ill.

0 I c —Ohoice spring hours from AN0. 1
0 O I Stock. Pedigrees furnished.
N.H. WEBER. Royal Oak. Michigan.

0 I c -Bred sows and spring pigs. large and growthy.
- . . Pairs and tries, not. akin; Write your wants.
GLENWOOD STOCK FARM. Zeeland. Mich.

 
o ' c, All sold. Would be pleased to book
I I 5 your order for 5 ring gigs.
C. J. THOMPSON. Rockfor . Mic

o I C9 —Largc boned. shipped on up roval.
o O Swan's not akin, registere free.
J. W. KO

ELL. Elsie. Michigan.
hoicely Bred Chester Whites. Spring pigs either sex pedi-
gree furnished. Sent 0. 0. D. subject to examination. for
prices and breeding, Address. 'John Cintiing. Bronson, Mich.

O I C’s-Spring pigs. pairs and tries. not
0 0‘ skin. from state fair winners.
AVONDALE STOCK FARM. Wayne. Michigan.
0 1 —Choice spring hours of March and
o I 0 April farrow. Prices ri ht.
JOHN BEBNER t SON. Grand Ledge. Michigan.

igan.

 
o I c Choice pigs two to four mos., the
o I I long bodied kind. Serviceable boars.
ALVIN V. HATT, Grass Lake. Michigan.

0. i. C’s—gastronomic- 8““-
A. B. GRAHAM. FLINT. MICHIGAN.
o. l. c. SPRING PlGS’iiZli-ii’iii‘i its as

pigs. H. W. MANN. Dansville. Michigan.

 
o ' 0 SW. -Also Holstein Bull calf sired by a. 26-lb.
. . . "I. can of Ypsilsnd Sir Korndyke DeKol.
Clover Leaf Stool: Form, B. No.1. Monroe. Mich.

—May I have the pleas-
O. I. C. SWine ure of receiving your
order for a pair or trio. not skin. of April

and May furrow. They are bred right. Satisfaction
guaranteed. A. J. GOBDEN. B. No. 2, Don. Mich.

0 I 0,5 -I have a ﬁne lot of lost OCT.
0 o o GILTS. bred. Weight 300 to 350.

Also last spring BOARS. Half mile west of Depot.
Nashville. Michigan. OTTO B. SCHULZE.

DUROC JERSEY BOARS

Spring Pigs and Yearlings

From Prize-Winning Stock

Special Prices for 30 Days.
Write. or better still. come.

Brookwaler Farm, Ann Arbor,M|ch.,B.F.li 7.

UROC JERSEYS*515 fancy boars and gills of popular
blood lines, good individual quality. Special prices for
30 days. JOHN Mo.\ICOLl., Ste. A. B1 4. Bay City, Michigan.

Killlll-El. 8106K FIRM 332.23: 3311 3.332311%
prices. E. R. CURLELL, Howell, Michigan.

DURllC JERSEYS, Bred Gills I’Or Sale.

CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings. Michigan.

 
Fours of the large. heavy honed ty 6,
Duran jersey also spring gilts and July pigs for sale.
Plum Creek Stock Farm, R. No. 1, Monroe, Mich.

BUROC JERSEYS’EEZTSAEMBL‘“ ili’éS.’ “if. 6‘

STAHLM AN.Cherry Lawn ll‘arm.ii.2,S epherdJilich:

 
I_IAMPSHIRE Swine—Breedinastock of all ages
. from most popular strains. 'rite for breeding,
Inspection inVited. Floyd Myers. R. 9. Decatur, Ind.

PolANIl CHIVAS—113353.? Fifi???” ”(ism)”
Prices right. w. J. HAG-ELSHAW. Augfi'sta. diff:
F0“ SAL —-A choice bunch of Poland Chinns. all

nice. over ﬁfty head to choose from.
C YDE FISHER. St. Louis, Mich.

 
Prices ri ght,

BUTLER‘S Big Boned Prolific Poland Chinus. Grow
big. kee easy. mature early. ready for market at
Gmonths. by? cause we've bred them that way
for more than 20 years. 50 big boned. long bodied. high
class boars at farmers' rices. Buy one and make more
money on your hogs. on can't get any better at. any
price. P.C. History Free. J.C. Butler, Portland.Mich.

“BEE TYPE P c -Largest in Mich. Full pigs all

I 3 sold. order aspring lg sired
by the largest bear in the U. 8.. weight lbs., 24
months old. Come and see. Expenses aid if not as
represented, W. E. LIVINGSTON, arma. Mich.

BIG TYPE POLAND CIIINAS‘?.°.%’. ”lg:
new homes. They are corker’s and inimuned.
WM. WAFFLE. Goldwater. Michigan.

 
' A of the big type. March a dA 11
Po'and chmas furrow. The, kind that plgasexdlur
customers. A. A. WOOD SON. Saline. Mich.

 
LARGE styled Poland China. Spring Pigs, older
sows bred for fall furrow. Also Shorthorn
Bull calves. ROBERT NEVE. Pierson, Michigan.

Fun s‘LE—A choice bunch of March and April boar
' pigs, a few herd headers. Prices reasonable.
Satisfaction guaranteed. R. W. Mills. Saline. Mich.

Bred sows. bred gilts d
MUIO Foot pluﬁ. not related. for 8:]: Sinai:
faction guaranteed. G. C. BREGLOW. Ads, Ohio

YORKSHIRE Swine—March & Apr. pigs ready toship
Pairs not akin. College Princess and Cooks Bacon
foundation stock. Geo. S, McMullen.Grand Ledge,Mich.

For 83", Yorkshires~Gilts bred for early Sept. far-

rowing. also be rs f -
vice. WATERMAN & WATERMAN. Aim Aggofr'fllli isglli.

YORKSHIRES‘M‘W" PM“ and 8°“ A ﬁne
for prices. OSTRANEIER El%8?oﬁlol?ﬁ3§fs'm¥hlm

YORKSHIRES

The large. lon -bodind. proliﬁc kind. Gilts bred for
September an October furrow. A choice lot of
spring boars end gilts. Prices reasonable.

W. C. COOK. R. 42, Ada. Michigan.

Lillie Farmstead Yorkshire:

Open gilts and gilts bred' for September farrow.
BP!’ ng pigs either sex. pairs and tries not nk
Satisfaction guaranteed.

COLON C. LILLIB. Coopersvllle. Michigan...

 
SAVE
$10 to $20

a year
on shoe

BILLS

 
Ruthstein’s

-. 44"

FREE TENDAY- mm.

Latest Triumph

“‘-ADJUSTABLE

  
LEATHER TAPS

Make My “Steels”
INDISPENSABLE

to Every Man
and Boy for

“rm/Every Purpose

 
tun-up to Inn-down. Easy to clean.

Health, Comfort and Econo
The Lightest— and Only

The World’s Greatest
Workshoe

Twelve years of untiring
effort and the expenditure of
a Fortune have enabled me
to produce .a workshoe that
surpasses all others for Com-
fort, Lightness, Protection,
Practicability, Service and
Economy—Absolutely Water-
proof under all conditions—
in all seasons—from season
to season—for town or coun-
try.

. It cost more than a half a
million in cash to bring My “Steels” to their
present perfection and make this offer and an-
nouncement to you today. I recently spent one
hundred thousand dollars to improve my “Steels”
——make them more comfortable—in]proving every
part of the shoe—and to increase my capacity to
meet the tremendously increased demand. My
latest TRIUMPH Adjustable Leather Taps—make
my “Steels” the Only Practical, General Purpose
Workshoe.

Saved Millions for Workers

My “Steels” have saved to workers more than
twenty million in shoe expense alone, and many
Millions more in doctor and drug bills—in loss of
time from sickness or bad weather—because no
man nor boy need fear to wear my “Steels” in the
roughest storm—summer or Winter—«rain, snow,
sleet, slush or mud.

Now, My “Steels” will save countless Millions
more for the men and boys who see this adver~
tisement ——who will wear my “Steels.”

My Steels—Best Health insurance

Here is the only all-the-year-around workshoe
ever invented. The shoe for every season-Cool
in Summer—W'arm in \Vinter—Dry and.Shape1y
—always. They never Harden nor VVaterlog,
Scald the feet, Warp, Twist, or Leak.

My “Steels” absolutely protect the wearer from
Rheumatism, Lunibago, Sciatica, Coughs, Sore
Throat and other “wet-foot troubles.”

My “Steels” are Foot—formvﬁtting—always keep
their original shape. The Steel Sole is a Natural

\

     
I “Steel!" mean All-dIy-comfort to Every "Steels” do not ab orb ha a a d or t bl “St I " t t t ’ "‘ "
Man or Boy. Can be worn from fi th and 0d“:- E”; Lo rw“ r: a e ee 1‘ pro ec he Man or Boy who can t steels keep the feet dry and comfortable

pick his steps—make him tireless

Arch Support. Nothing to Rub nor Chafe. Sure
prevention and relief for Corns, Bunions, Callous~
es, Chilblains, and all Foot Discomforts.

My “Steels” are altogether the Best Investment
you can make, Best for your Health—Best for
your Comfort—Best for your Pocket-Book.

Leather-Tapped “Steels” —My Masterpiece

The Adjustable Taps of my New Model “Steels”
are of ﬁrm, solid, special Process Leather, ﬁrmly
attached to the wonderful sole of thin, wear-re-
sisting, springy steel that has made my “Steels”
the World’s Greatest Workshoe.

‘ leather Taps instantly Replaced

Then, when worn, the Leather Taps are In-
stantly Removed—Instantly Replaced by anyone
—at home. The cost of New Taps is small—but
400, for a full set of better-wearing, more solid
leather than is ever put into the best all—leather
workshoes. They last three times as long as any
other taps.

The ideal General Service Workshoe

Here—At Last—is the Ideal Shoe for every
Man or Boy. Not alone for the Farmer—not
alone for the Dairy, Stock or Creamery Man—the
Fruit or Vegetable Grower—but for Everyone who
Works or PlayS—Indoors or Out—in City, Town,
Village or Hamlet~Forest or Field or Range or
Road or Pavement——on Mountain or Plainmin
Factory or Mine—for Mechanic, Laborer, Soldier,
Shopman, Sportsman—for every man who Does
Things—for Every Worker.

My “Steels” stand Alone—~Supreme—The Great-
est and Best General Service Workshoe the World
has ever seen.

“Steels” in All Sizes for Men and Boys

“Steels” run in same sizes as ordinary leather
shoes and rubber boots—and in all heights. Sizes

-for Men 5 to 12; 6, 9, 12 or 16 inches high—for

Boys, Sizes 1 'to 4, 6 or 9 inches high.
You Must Try My “Steels”

You cannot begin to realize the True Value of
my “Steels”—you cannot know the height of Shoe
Comfort, Economy and Protection—-until you try
and wear my “Steels.”

 
in l weather—Protect the Health
and sure-footed. the } year

\6 ”T” IL—J__l

 
. / . . «7 f

L ‘ \\\\\\\v,/
. _ V ‘ ,
/.\. l )

 
"Steels" with Adjustable Leather Taps can be
' worn at all times and places. They
round. do not sweat the feet.

my Demand that You Wear “Steels”
Absolutely Waterproof -— Workshoe.

This Book FREE

Let me send this book to You by mail. post
paid. Read it and learn more of this great shoe
' W with the sole of steel—tho‘ehoe with the light,
springy,airy“step”—the shoe that rests your foot
" naturally and comfortably—always holding its
in!” nullll'lu perfect shape-never a. "run-down” heel, broken
immiulpmlf arch, warped sole, worn toe, twisted uppers, or

“ ' ‘ cracks or leaks. Before you think of buyinga
pair of workshoes, get this great book of shoe '
facts and learn about this wonderful, foot saving
sole of seamless steel. Do not think of turning
this page until you have sent for this free book.

 
You know, and I know, that the day of the
Leather Workshoe is passing—that you must ﬁnd
something better—more Comfortable—more Last-
ing—more Economical—that leather workshoes
are getting lower in quality and higher in price
every year—that cheap workshoes are cheaply
made—that even the most expensive will not last
one full season.

My “Steels” are higher in grade and lower in
price than any other workshoe—three to ﬁve
times better value for less money.

Try “Steels” Ten Days at My Risk

I have spent a Fortune to MAKE GOOD every
claim and every statement made for my “Steels.”
You cannot prove their worth to you unless you
try my “Steels.” You cannot proﬁt by my years
of effort if you lay aside this paper before writ-
ing to me. : '

I do not ask you to take my word nor the un-
stinted praise of the Million wearers of my
“Steels.” . I’m Asking you to TAKE YOUR OWN
JUDGMENT'—,the evidence of your own Senses.

Just TRY ,my .‘fSteels”—just send the Coupon
or a postal—ask for my FREE BOOK—ask for
FREE DEMONSTRATIONﬁFREE T E N - D A Y
TRY-ON—in your own home—on YOUR OWN
FEET. .

DON’T lay this paper aside until you have done
what I ask—for your own good—for the sake of
your Health and General Prosperity. You already
know my reputation—ask any Banker—any Ex—
press Company or the Publisher of this Paper——
they’ll tell you I am absolutely reliable.

“Steels” for Boys I

The Easy, Light, Comfortable, Waterproof, Healthy
Shoe for Boys. The “Knock-about” Shoe—the SenSI-
ble, Long-Wearing Shoe. The Greatest School—the I
Greatest Play Shoe—the Greatest All-around Shoe S
for REAL BOYS. No more Wet Feet. No more hot,
heavy “arctics” or rubber boots. No more danger of
colds or Sickness. Keep your feet “powder dry” in
any kind of wet, damp. SIODD-V, snowy weather- My I Name .............................................................................................. 2 I
“Steels” are best to SHAPE YOUNG FEET and av01d

Send Postal or this Coupon

N. M. RUTHSTEIN, The Steel Shoe Man.

Dept. 26, Racine. Wis.

Dear Sir :—Please send me. postpaid. Your free book “The Solo of
tool” and full particulars of your Free Ten-Day Try-On Oﬁer
Without cost, risk or obligation to me.

' \ I ‘ the foot-troubles of later life. Show this to Mother!
' I.“ ” \‘ ~ She knows what’s best for you. “Steels" Will save her I
\ z ‘ V " g» 2” hours 0f worry' Street or R. F. D. No ..................................................................... -
THE STEEL SllllE Illll “- 8- “mm - - mm... w... I
u M BUT STEIN I Ganatllan “0'0?! - Toronto, ‘canatla I
' ' ' um. 25. name. ms. -m...s.m,umm, Em... . 1...... ............................................. a... ......................................... I

ALSO manufacture-or oi the " World Famous Scientific Silo-a" FDR DRESS AND GENERAL senwce

 
ru*km§x~" w ”“..”:M|

‘4‘” WJW