“*4“:— M The Only Weekly Agricultural, DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, VOL. CXLllI. No. 11. 2 Whole Number 3800. Km 5 PUBLISH ”ED wg'E K LY SEPT. 12, 1914. /// M’//////// Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State. 50 CENTS A YEAR. $2 FOR 5 YEARS. Big Operations Conducted on Small Farms. HE man who lives on a small farm must carry on intensive farming operations to make a profit that will show well alongside the man who has several hundred acres. There is probably no region of the United States where this has been found more true than in New England, which is pre-eminently a section of small farms, due largely to the generally broken character of the country, the farming land being lo- cated in small areas scattered among the hills. Since the. farms are small a unique method of intensive farming has followed which makes a place of 40 to 50 acres very profitable. and which serves to point out to farmers in other portions of the country the most advisable methods of succeeding with a small farm. Inasmuch as this land has already been tilled longer than good land will hear an exploitive system of farming, live stock has been found a neces- sity. And the most intensive form or stock farming is dairy farming. Tak- ing the northern states of the union as a whole, owing to climate and to- pography, the land is in general adap- ted to the growth of grass and trees. The fact that grass is so much at home in these states has led to a ser- ious fault in northern dairying, name- ly, mismanagement of grass lands. Closely associated with poor manage ment of grass lands is the failure to utilize other crops available for the northern regions, especially corn. What is most needed is that sufficient attention be given to the selection of seed in order to develop strains of corn fitted to the requirements of the different sections. One dairy farmer, on a forty-acre farm, raises all the roughage and some of the grain for forty head of cattle, two teams of horses, and twen- ty head of sheep. He is also able to produce from three to four acres of potatoes each year, which are sold to the nearest city market for highest prices, delivered direct to consumers. About twelve acres of corn are grown each year for silage, nearly as much grain, a mixture of oats and barley, while the remainder of the forty acres, aside from the potato patch, is de- voted to the 'hay crop. The rotation on this farm comprises one year of corn, one of small grain, and one of clover- hay,,while part of the land is run for mixed hay a second year. The land is seldom left in hay more than two years before it is at the rate of ten tons to the acre for either purpose. The seeding is done with the grain in the spring. Mam- moth clover is seeded at the rate of twelve to fourteen pounds to the acre. with two to three pounds of redtop and four quarts of timothy. The re- for twenty-five milch cows, fifteen young cattle, and three teams of hors- es. About six acres are put in corn for silage each year, two acres in peas and oats for hay, and the remainder is in hay. Hay is raised on any field two years only, as a rule, but part of “A Large Barn, well Filled," Often Found on “A Small Farm, well Tilled." stilt of the short rotation, the fre- quent manuring, and the heavy seed- ing is a crop of three tons of hay to the acre at one cutting. Other crops yield in proportion, so that this farm furnishes feed for so large an amount of stock that it seems unreasonable to the average experienced dairyman. the land sometimes runs a third year. The first crop of hay is cut very ear- ly, usually beginning about June 25, and a second crop is cut at the early end of August. The annual yield per acre averages very close to four tons. The newly seeded fields often produce three tons at the first cutting and two Heavy Coats of Manure‘Bring Phenomenal Crops of Ensilage Corn. Another man who farms on ninety- six acres, of which a scant thirty is tillable, about. thirty more being in pasture and the remainder in wood- land is making wonderful headway for the size of his farm, and is pointing the way to farmers everywhere. This farm produces all the coarse fodder the second, of the finest quality of hay, mostly clover. Commercial fertilizer is used only on the corn crop, 200 pounds to the acre being used. The manure from the relatively large herd is applied to all crops, on the corn land during win- ter or spring and as a top-dressing on 2 good. the grass. Back in 1892 this farm could not support more than twelve cows and a yoke of oxen. It has been raised out of this condition into the present by first applying commercial fertilizer, especially that high in pot— ash, to all the land until a good clover stand was obtained. Then the further increase was accomplished by the, use of the clover in increasing the num- ber of live stock as well as the humus in the soil, and the increase of live stock was further aided by the addi‘ tional manure. After the clover was once established the use of commer- cial fertilizer, with the exception of that used 011 the corn, was discon- tinned. \Vithin the city limits of Prov- idence, R. 1., there is a worthy exam- ple of what a man may do with a small farm if he works and thinks. On sixty acres are grown silage, soiling crops, and hay sufficient for three teams of horses, a saddle horse, and sixty cows the whole year and forty additional cows for nine months. The first year the cropping system was established, four carloads of hay were purchased, the next one carload, but today none is purchased, but two car- loads were purchased because it is deemed advisable to keep the forty additional cows for the winter months. Enough hay was furnished from oats and peas, millet and other crops, to supply that needed for the original number of cows, and enough mixed clover and timothy was grown for the horses. The system carried on on this farm is adapted to the man living near the city, where the demand for milk de- livered at the consumer’s door is so good that the farmer needs a greater proportion of silage or oth- er succulent feed, even at the cost of buying additional hay. The method calls for crops which furnish green feed from the, middle of May to No- vember 1. So much of each crop as may be is fed. When a crop reaches the stage of maturity where it would no longer be fit to feed green, it is made into hay or put in the silo. This allows of increasing the quantity of succulent feed without using all of the land for corn, and thus distributes the labor of men and teams through the season in a way which could not be done in growing the same acreage of corn alone. Rye sown in September is ordinar- ily fit to cut for feed by the middle of May and lasts un- again plowed up for corn, making either a. three-year or a four- ,_ .. year rotation. The manure is mostly applied in the late summer and fall with a spreader, both , as a top-dressing to the new seeding or other grass land, and to the land to be used for corn the next sea- son. This is applied Liberal Fertilization and Good Tillage Produce Two Heavy Crops of Clover and Mixed Hay. til June 10. Winter ,- , wheat and vetch sown ,. September 20 is fit to ' feed from June 10 to July 1, and any left over is used for hay. Oats and peas sown first April 18 will be fit to feed July 1, and successive seedings, even up to July 1 on low lands, will fur- nish freen feed until September 1. If the 206—2 later seedings’ ' must be omitted for suitable lands, sweet corn is planted May 15 and will fill the gap until a frost comes. Barley sown from June 20 to August 15 in successive lots will furnish feed for September and October. Under any other circum- stances it would not seem economical for these men to follow this system, for summer feeding of silage saves the daily labor of cutting and hauling a green crop on any farm where there is land enough to use for growing good clover hay in a rotation with silage corn. Another dairy farmer has a farm comprising 74 acres of tilled land, on which he keeps 70 head of grown cat- tle, 25 young stock, and three teams of horses, and all the roughage for this stock is provided for the entire year, except that some of the young cattle are kept on hired pastures dur- ing the summer. The pastures on the farm are considered only as exercis- ing land for the 70 head ‘of cows. The rotation is usually one of three years, but is sometimes extended to four. Corn for silage is grown one year. As soon as the crop is off in September the land is harrowed thor- oughly and sown broadcast to rye. As early the next spring as a team can be put on the land, the rye is gone over four or five times with the smoothing harrow and seeded broad- cast before the last harrowing with 15 pounds of clover to the acre. The harrowing is done entirely regardless of the rye and with the sole purpose of preparing a good seed bed for the clover. The rye is so hardy that it soon recovers from the harrowing and makes an excellent crop for green feed or other uses. Some of it is cut and fed green, but the greater part is made into hay or chopped into one of the silos, which by this time is empty. A little of the rye, sufi'icient for seed the next year, is left- to ripen. When the season is not too dry two crops of clover are cut after the rye is cut green, and one after the rye cut for grain. Then the clover is out two or three times the second year, accord- ing to the season. In most instances this ends the ro- tation and corn isplanted. In some lots, however, this rotation is varied by planting corn two years in succes- sion before seeding clover. In that case the corn stubble of the first year is sown to rye just the same, and the rye is plowed under for the second crop of corn. Rye follows the corn againt the second year and the 010- ver is seeded in this the next spring. The several sources of silage give sufficient succulent food to take the place of the scanty pasturage, and the variety of crops used no doubt makes the silage the more palatable. The manure is hauled from the barn every day in the year, for at most seasons there is some place to spread it. About 800 loads a year are produced, and this covers all the land once ov- er. Canadian hardwood ashes have been applied to each field in succes- sion for the purpose of improving the clover stand. This has insured two and three crops a year. The essentials of the dairy farm is growing feed for the cows by use of the short rotation wherever possible; producing all the clover hay and corn possible; liming the land for clover when needed; better management, es- pecially in the use of manure, of land which is adapted to short rotations, and utilizing various catch crops which give succulent feed during the summer season. New York. EARL W. GAGE. lllilllllHIllllllllllllllllllllllllllll:lllllilllllllll|!lll|llllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllilllilllllllllllIllllIillllllIlll[[llllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIfllllllllllllllillllllllIlllllllIllIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllll Is Your Clover Seed Free From Midge? Michigan produces large amounts of clover seed annually. Large amounts of money are invested annually in clo- ver hulling machinery, labor to get the clover seed up and threshed. It is because many fields have had good money invested in them without an adequate return of seed that one should be sure that his clover seed is free from the midge before any mon- ey and labor is put into the harvest- ing of the crop. The cloverseed midge is a very small fly with frail wings. The fly is of a brownish color and about one- eighth of an inch long and on account of its small size and fragility, is sel« dom seen. When the first crop of clover is blooming, the midges liter- ally swarm around the clover blos- soms. It is in the flOWer tubes that the eggs are laid for the next gener- ation which comes off, usually about the time seed clover blossoms are setting. These eggs hatch out and the product is a pink or salmon col-— ored maggot with very frail mouth parts. In fact, its mouth parts are so frail that it can only eat .its way into the seed when the seed is very young and tender. The first crop of clover which is cut for hay is usually very badly infested with the midge— that is, the midge maggots have eats en the inside out of the clover seeds and should this crop be threshed, nothing much but clover seed hulls and salmon-colored maggots would be found in the measure. How to Tell Midge-Infested Seed; It is worth a good deal to know whether your clover has been so bad- ly attacked by the midge that it will not be worth harvesting. This saves a large expenditure of time and mon- ey. On the other hand, it is worth a good deal to know whether your seed ,is good enough to warrant the neces- sary expenditure. There are two generations of the midge each year. Ordinarily, if the first crop of clover is cut when the blossoms are turning brown, the mag- gots have time to develop. They drop out of the seed hulls to the ground where they form a puparium. This corresponds to the cocoon stage in the four-winged insects. The tiny fly emerges from the puparium just in time to lay its eggs in the flowers of the second growth clover so that the maggots which hatch out are able to eat their way into the young seeds. Such second growth clover is seldom fit for seed purposes as too many seeds are injured. On the other hand if the clover (first crop) was cut when the blossoms were just in pink, the same thing happened but the sec- ond crop comes on a little earlier, say perhaps a week. One may not think a week makes much difference but when the midge eggs hatch out a week later, the mouth parts of the salmon-colored maggot are too feeble to effect an entrance into the young seed which has started to harden by this time. Sometimes when clover seed is threshed, there are a great many of these maggots in with the seed. Do not be alarmed, they cannot do any harm to the hard seeds. They have done all the harm they can do and will die without further damage. The important thing is, how can We tell when the midge is present before we have spent any money in harvesting? If the first crop was cut when the blossoms were just opening, probably no midge is present, but should this point be forgotten, one can readily tell by shelling out a few of the clover heads. Go over the second growth field and select several heads promis- cuously. Shell them out in the hand and if many of these flesh-colored maggots are found, it is doubtful if the crop is worth harvesting. This one test will often save a good many dollars for Michigan farmers.‘ Ingham. Co I. J. MATHEWS. THE MICHIGANTAIKMER, ', ‘FARM 'NOTES. Insect Enemies of Alfalfa. I have three acres of alfalfa sowed five weeks ago that is about 12 inches high, and now there is a worm eating it. He is about five-eighths to three- quarters of an inch in length, smooth and green, with two yellow stripes down his back, pretty well towards his sides. When on the ground he is a rapid runner. When you touch him he curls up like a ball and lays still where he is working. Where he has been he leaves a web, something like a bunch of cobwebs. There seems to be only one in a place. Where they have got through working it is bit off as close as a sheep would eat it, but the roots are alive. Would you kind- ly advise me what kind of worms these are, and what I can do to de- Barry Co. F. L. F. From the description given of this worm it would appear to be the sug- ar beet webworm, or perhaps the gar- den webworm, the two species being of identical habits. The best plan would be to cut and remove the alfal. fa as soon as the new shoots start at the crowns, as this will prevent the worms from entering the ground to complete their life cycle. Ordinarily this pest is not destructive to alfalfa. its presence in this case being doubt- less due to the scarcity of the para- sitic enemies which usually keep it in check. Disking in the spring is a good preventive of renewed depreda- tions, but new seeding should be disk- ed lightly, if at all. Where attacks are severe, spraying with arsenates may be resorted to, but it would not seem that in the case described the worms are plentiful enough to make this advisable. Orchard Grass for Pasture on High Land. . I would like to know about sowing orchard grass. Is it all right for pas- ture on high land? If so, which is the best time to sow. and how much will it take per acre? Ottawa Co. J. G. Orchard grass is an excellent pas- ture grass when properly managed, and possesses a high value for perma- nent pastures. It grows best on deep, rich moist clay loam soils which acn- tain plenty of lime, and will also do well on sandy loam soils- which have a clayey or dense subsoil. It is not very well adapted for sandy soils, which are deficient in moisture, al- though it will make a good spring growth on this kind of land. This grass is more commonly sown in the spring, but it may also be sown in the fall with fair prospects of getting a good stand. It should not, however, be sown too late in the fall, and after this date spring seeding would be preferable in a. normal season. It may be either sown alone or with a nurse crop of winter grain or barley, and may even be seeded with oats with fair results. Where seeded in oats, however, the latter should be sown thinly and cut as early as pos- sible. Ordinarily, it is better seeded with red clover and with other grass- es than alone; as the seed is very light and comes in the chaff, one bushel per acre is recommended to be sown with eight pounds of clover per acre. The orchard grass is a seed which is very frequently adulterated with cheaper seeds of similar appear- ance, such as seeds of rye grass. Where one has never grown orchard grass on his soil, it would be better to experiment with it in a small way rather than on a large scale, depend- ing on our more common grasses of known value for the bulk of the hay and pasture. , Seeding Sweet Clover. I would like to know something about sweet clover. I have a 10-acre lot that I would like to sow. This lot is sandy but not run down. Can I sow with rye this fall or in spring, of will I have to sow it alone and wnen is it best to sow it? Grand Traverse Co. A. H. H. Sweet clover seed is ordinarily sown in the spring, although some sow on the snow during the winter and claim better results from this method. Sweet clover requires a very 'stroy them? 1 SEPT. 12, 1914'. firm seed lied, and there are 'a large proportion of “hard seeds,” so-called, which will not germinate the first season unless given plenty of time so that the moisture will penetrate and soften the hard coat with which they are covered. While sweet .clover might be seeded with winter grain with good prospects of getting a stand on poor soil, the prospect would be better if it were started alone with- out a nurse crop. One should not ex- pect sweet clover to make a good stand under conditions which would be quite sure to bring a failure with common clover or alfalfa. While it is undoubtedly a more hardy plant when once established and better able to make a good growth on a poor soil, yet all little plants are tender and require reasonably favorable condi- tions to get well started. For this reason it is difficult to advise with- out a more thorough knowledge of the soil conditions where the crop is to be sown. SOIL AND FERTILIZER QUES- TIONS. , Who Should Pay for the Fertilizer on Rented Land? ., Where land is rented on shares for winter wheat or rye, the renter fur- nishing everything, doing all the la- bor and receiving two—thirds of crop under ordinary conditions, if commer- cial fertilizer were used who should pay for it? Allegan Co. Sirnsr‘RmER. I know of no established rule to ap- ply to an case like this. I can simply give my opinion as to how the cost of fertilizer "should be divided. You will not get the full benefit of the fertilizer or the crop of wheat. It will have a. residual effect on the hay or clover crop following the wheat or,_in fact, on any crop that follows the wheat. If the renter has the land for more than one year then I think he should pay for two-thirds of the fertilizer, as he has two-thirds of the crop, but if he only has the land for this crop then the owner can well afford to pay for half the fertilizer, because he is sure to get some benefit the next year or two. My experience is that either the renter or the landlord could well afford to pay the whole bill rath- er than not use the fertilizer. Timothy and Orchard Grass in Place of Clover. Have had trouble during several seasons in getting a catch of clover in Wheat or rye by spring sowing and must have hay., Am thinking of sow- ing rye in corn stubble about middle of September and seeding to timothy and orchard grass at the same time. Have had no experience with orchard grass. Can it be sown in the fall with timothy? St. Joseph Co. R. A. W. Orchard grass and timothy do not mature at the same time. The or- chard grass matures about the time of the first cutting of alfalfa or red clover. If sown with timothy you must leave the orchard grass until it it quite ripe and cut the timothy a little green. Both these grasses may be sown in the fall. Early'in Septem- ber is a good time. Ten pounds of timothy and 12 to 15 pounds of or- chard grass ought to make a good stand. A standing corn crop is a poor place to seed grass. It is difficult to sow the seed evenly and it is difficult to cover it evenly. Unless you are in too big a hurry you had better wait until spring, thoroughly prepare the land and seed to the grasses alone. You will stand just as good a chance for a crop next year. I don’t like the idea of you giving up trying to get clover. Don’t your land need lime? Isn't it acid? Don’t it need phosphoric acid and potash? If so, you can supply these and grow clover. Supply the right conditions and clover will grow as well as ever. Take an acre of ground and put on one ton of ground limestone, also use 400 to 500' pounds of 9:3 or 10:4 fer- tilizer, or better, use>2z8z4 and seed to clover. I don’t believe the drouth will kill it. COLON C. LILLIII. A l l l l l : l l l i i A l i J l ; ¥ i E l l l 3 i i 8% 12, 1914. BUILDING UP A RUN-DOWN WEEDY SOIL. A weed called foxtail around here is giving me all kinds of trouble. One field I had planted to corn last sum- mer. Had to hand hoe it and it was a poor crop. I put it to oats this spring and thought I could smother the weeds, but they nearly turned the trick on the oats. Now my idea was to turn the oat stubble soon after harvest, disk the ground quite often until fall, then sow it to rye and tim- othy. Do you think this a good plan? I have three strings of tile through this field. Another field on the farm was sown to oats two years ago when I c'ame on the farm, and yielded 30 bushels per acre. I plowed this field that fall and sowed to wheat and tim- othy. The miller sold‘me spring wheat instead of the fall wheat and only got 25 bushels from the eight acres; I cut a little timothy last year and did not pasture it. This year the hay crop on it is poor. This field is light. Now my idea in regard to getting this field in better condition was to sow sweet clover on it, and plenty of it. Cut the crop next harvest and then let it grow until late fall, then plow it under for corn in the following spring. Would you think this a good plan to increase the fertility of the soil? Wayne Co. W. H. This letter indicates to me that this farm is somewhat exhausted of fer- tility by excessive cropping and sell- ing everything from the farm for years past. The weed, foxtail, is not so very bad to control if one goes at it right. A good plan would be to disk the oat stubble or harrow it with a spring—tooth harrow soon after harvesting the oats and then wait a few days for the weeds to germi- THE MICHIGAN 'FARMER othy on poor land. The land must be rich. If it is now poor, you must in some way make it fertile before you make much of a success. The U. S. government recommends, when we sow to rye or wheat, to use 400 lbs. of 4:16:5 fertilizer per acre: This would be equal to about 800 to 1000 lbs. of an ordinary standard fertilizer. Most farmers haven’t faith to do any- thing like this. A year ago last fall I used 500 lbs. of fertilizer on wheat on rather rundown land, and not only got a good crop of wheat, but a splen- did catch of clover. One field I cut for hay again this year, owing to los- ing my seeding last year by drouth, and I had enough extra hay this year to pay for the fertilizer, besides, I have a thick heavy sod to plow down to fill the soil full of vegetable matter for the improvement of its physical condition. This plan Would be my way of improving the land and crop. It is the quickest way. Sweet clover, cowpeas, soy beans, vetch, etc., will all help, but they are slow—very slow. I know but very little from actual ex- perience, about sweet clover, but am sure it will in time improve the land. If, however, you'want improvement quickly you must buy plant food in some form, either stable manure or commercial fertilizer. I know of no other way. COLON C. LILLIE. ROSEN RYE, A PROLIFIC VARIETY. I am sending two photographs of a field of rye grown on my farm this A Good Crop of Rosen Rye Grown by C. Horton, Calhoun COUnty, Mich. 34—207 Concrete Structures Like These Never Need Replacing They are built to last forever. they need no painting, no repairs; are fireproof and ratproof; unaffected by time or weather; as enduring as the granite rock. Their first cost is their last cost; You can have such structures on your farm. Whenever you replace a farm building, build an enduring concrete structure. Whenever you add anything new to your farm group, make it a. concrete improvement. Always use the best materials in their construction. Be sure to ask your dealer for PORTLAND UNIVERSALCEMENT It has been tested and its superiority proved by years of use in the hands of builders, large and small. Our latest book, “Concrete for the Farmer” sent free to any farmer on request. UNIVERSAL PORTLAND CEMENT CO. CHICAGO, 208 South LaSalle St. PITTSBURGH, Frick Bldg. MINNEAPOLIS, Security Bank Building Plants at Chicago and Pittsburgh Annual Output 12,000,000 Barrels Then plow it and you have de- stroyed a multitude of weeds, but if you plow immediately after harvest, before the weeds start, you only bury the seed, which will keep until they hate. are plowed up again. In the same way sowing oats or any crop on fresh- ly plowed land in the spring gives the weeds as good a chance as the crop and they generally, or at least some- times, come out ahead. If, however, the weed seed had been allowed to germinate and then the land harrowed before the oats were sown, it gives the oats the “right of way” and they generally appreciate it and improve their opportunity. The same is true in planting corn; it is better to delay planting a whole week for the sake of giving the weeds a good “whack” on very weedy ground. Rye is a good crop with which to seed to timothy. I know (of no better. Work the land good until September, then seed. But remember you won’t get big yields of either rye or tim- ‘ year. This is the “Rosen” rye, intro- duced by the Michigan Experiment Station and tried out in many sections of the state by members of the Miclr igan Experiment Association. It fre- quently makes 40 bushels per acre, that in the illustration being good for about that yield. One friend of mine who grew it Side by side with coni- mon rye reports a yield of about twice that of common rye. Another thresh- ed 39 bushels per acre from one piece and 41 bushels per acre from another. Calhoun Co. C. HORTON. CATALOG NOTICE. The 1914 catalog of the Hall Manu— facturing Co., of Monticello, Iowa, is a handsomely printed booklet listing a big line of specialties, including small tools and devices designed to save time and labor in the- little things that must be done every day, includ- ing safety hoists, metal baskets, post hole diggers, hay rack fixtures, garden tools, etc. Mention the Michigan Farmer when writing for this catalog. l D .4 a v: 1.47“ ‘x‘fi“‘~ .‘1 1:, “63‘8 ‘. , .3, .9) One-Third Waste, It is estimated that the corn stalks and leaves left in the field mean an annual Waste of one-third the total value of the corn crop. Shredding COnverts all the crop into valuable feed. You can husk cheaper and easier too, by using an Advance Husker-Shredder 6, 8 and 12 Roll Few parts and simplicity of construction make the Advance easy-running and long—lasting. It husks big ears and “nubbins” and handles wet or dry stalks equally well. It shells but little corn, and tears the stalks into thread-like fibers that are easily handled and eaten. It is safe, simple and durable. Ask for catalog EE44. and learn about the Advance. If you want a smaller outfit, the Adams two-roll husker is the one for you. For baling stove: or hay, the Rumely baler will suit to a T. We also have the right power plants for all such machines. Every Rumely machine is backed by Rumely service—49 branches and 11,000 dealers. Supplies and parts promptly furnished. RUMELY LINES Engine Gang Flows Gasoline Engine; I 4' ' _._._.__ r......ummm V A, . . .4.. ..... ................_.—/ '. —'——ei— iii? iv. ‘ maul ameli- turf/2);?» mwnuuunnmn i as» , Ml" t1 . Kerosene Tractors Cream Separator- Guoline Tractor. Threshing Machines Oil Engines Corn nchinec Steam Engine; Claver Hullers Baling Presses Lighting Plants Chicago “mmmted’ Illinois Battle Creek, Mich. Columbus, Ohio Indianapolis, Ind. milIIIIIIllIlIIllflllllllflllllllllIIlIflIIlIlIIIlIIIlIIIIllIlIIIIllIllIlilIIIllIIIIIIIlIIlIIIIlIIIlIIIlIlIIIIIIIlIIIIIlI[IlIllIlIIllIlllllllI]IlllIIlIIIIlII”IlllllllllflllIlIlllIlIIlIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIIlIIIIIIIIIlIIlIIlIIIlIIIIIIIIII'IIIIIIlIllIlllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIlIlIIllllIllllllII1I|llll[II|IlllllIlllllIIIlllIlIlIIllIllIllIllIIlIIlIllIIllHIlIIn IIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIIlIIIIlllIlIIlIIIllIllllIlIIlIIIIIlIIIlIIIIIIIlII WWWIWWIWWIWIWWWWWWW THE MICHIGAN FARMER SEPT. 12. 1914. Color Cards of Handsome Homes If you’re thinking of painting, now or a little later, you’ll find it easy to decide on colors, from these pic- tures of actual houses. When it comes to buying the paint, you insure good results and economy, if you decide on gII|IllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIE Dairy. E E EflIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIE CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE. MAKING COWS PROVE THEIR WORTH. Some of the leading farmers of Gal- lia county, Ohio, are awakening to the possibilities of organized effort and co-operation. This has led them to form two co-operative organiza- tions, the Gallia County Cow Testing Association and the Gallia County Buying Association. The same 0111‘ cers control both organizations and one man can belong to both or only lone. Each of the 25 men who are now in the Cow Testing Association pay $15 toward the expense of keep- ing a tester and if more than ten cows are being tested by a member, the cost is $1. 50 per cow. Since there are 26 working days in the month, the tester is busy every day. One man :found that one of his cows gave 1165 High Standard LIQUID PAINT There’s only one way to judge paint— that’s by the way it stands the weather. “High Standard” paint is based on over 30 years of outdoor exposure tests. The ingredients are selected by painstaking chemical tests and combined by the latest of machinery. There is no guess-work about our paint. It will brush freely and easily, over a liberal amount of surface, and prove economical in the beginning. More important still, it will hold fast to the wood in perfectly protecting coats, keep its color, withstand the weather for years, fail only by gradual wear, and leave a good surface for repainting. Send for Free Books and Color Cards When you paint, you want the most beautiful results to be had. You‘ll get many good ideas from our book "Homes Attractive" and the Port- folio of Color Plates that well send you free. It will also pay you to know just how we make and test High Standard Liquid Paint, as told in ' Paintand Painting.” Write to- day and ask name ofnearest dealer in High Standard Paints, Mellotone, Varnishes Enamels 1fyou don'tknow him: The Lowe BrothersCo. 499 E. Third St., Dayton, Ohio Boston Jersey Clty Chlcngo Kansas City lIlInnenpolIs Lowe Brothers, “11., Toronto, Canada Waterproof Not nearly -— not tapirly— but dryly . waterproof E311111111153” R E FLE X SLICKER The Wet Weather coat for you for ood hard service. Lig 1: weight, strong. and big all over for comfort. $3.00 Everywhere Protector Hat, 75 Cts. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED Cola/0g free A. J. TOWER CO., Boston LILLIE’S SPECIAL BRANDS BUFFALO FERTILIZER Made from best material. Always reliable. Lime. I’ot ish Acid Phosphate. Nitrate of Soda. Agents “1111th in unotcupied territory. Sh1p d1 root to farmers in (1.1rlots Fertilizer questions ansuered and farm soil surveys m 1de on request. Colon C. Lillie, Sales Agi..Coopersv1IIe,lIiIicl1. 95 AMERICAN 11:33.1 CREAM $155,513.13“... 19!}, a‘fititfl‘il’ify 1582323 flifi‘ffi obtain our handsome free catalog AMERICAN SEPARATOR €0.311uan‘1’oe's. n.Y. Save your money. WHOLESALE FEED E1 erything' 1n Feed. '1‘ EB BARTLETT 00.. 100 Mill St. Jackson. Mich pounds of milk in the month of No- vember. The milk contained 60.75 pounds of butter-fat, which was sold for 33 cents per pound. The value of this and the skim-milk amounted to $23.97. The cost for feed was $6.80, leaving a profit of $17.17 for one cow for one month. The same man, liv- ing on a 160-acre farm in Gallia coun- ty, sold $1,500 worth of hogs during the year and as much more was re‘ ceived for cream. This showing was made in a county where the soil is supposed to be poor. The activities of the association are also applied to the buying of fertilizers and feed. When orders are taken for the pur- chase of any large quantity of feed or fertilizer, each order must be accom‘ panied by $2.00 in cash. When the fer- tilizer arrives the buyer takes it from the car and pays for it at that time. Should he refuse to take it he forfeits the $2.00. A saving of several dollars per ton is effected by such co-opera- tive buying. With such practical re- sults as this already realized by sev- eral farmers’ organizations in Ohio the outlook for this phase of co-oper- ation is bright. SEASONABLE DAIRY NOTES. Management of the Corn Crop. For several years we have harvest- ed a portion of our silage corn and filled one silo and a part of another when the ears were in the early glaz- ing stage; leaving the rest of the crop to nearly mature before harvesting the most of the ears and putting the stalks into the silos. I prefer to husk a portion of the ears, but many times when other farm work claims our im- mediate attention it hardly pays to go to the extra labor and expense of husking, grinding and feeding the grain separately. As a rule, we har- vest a few hundred bushels of ears from the field to feed our fattening hogs. I have watched results very closely while feeding silage prepared both ways and find that changing from one kind to the other makes no noticeable difference in the milk yields of the cows. It is my judgment that it pays to harvest a portion of the ear corn before filling the silos, that is, if the potato and apple crops are not demanding our immediate at- tention. More Silos Being Built. Farmers in many parts of the coun- try where summer dairying is prac- ticed have been slow to accept the “Gospel of Silage;” however, a trip through some of the dairy communi- ties in this end of New York and western Pennsylvania shows that many new silos have been erected during the past two years. These dairy farmers have kept their cows during the winter Without expecting them to yield a heavy flow of milk and consequently have not fed accord- ing to approved dairy ideas. A change is gradually taking place and these men are turning to real dairy farm— ing. This naturally means that they will quickly come to depend upon sil- age and that the silo will soon become as common as the hay barn upon these farms. Such a condition is logi- cal. It seems strange what" process of reasoning would lead a man to use high—priced hay for wintering his dairy cows when double the amount of good feed can be produced on an acre of. corn. Not only are some of these farmers wasting money by feed- ing high-priced hay, but they are neg- lecting to cultivate their land suffi- ciently to obtain good crops of hay. The silo not only furnishes an abund- ance of good roughage, but the feed- ing of good silage along with hay, in- creases the feeding value of the hay more than one-third. New York. W. MILTON KELLY. FARMERS VISIT THE LIVINGSTON COUNTY HOLSTEIN INDUSTRY. Saginaw county farmers to the number of 125 Went to Howell August 20, on an excursion, to see the H01- stein Friesian industry, as operated in Livingston county. The trip had been planned for some time past and it was expected that the party would have been fully as large again. The visitors were obliged to leave home in a drizzling rain and on that ac- count a good many gave up the trip. The weather cleared by the time they reached Howell and the day was all that could be desired here. During their visit the whole party were the guests of the Livingston County Holstein Friesian Association assisted by the Howell Commercial Club. About 50 automobiles which had been donated by farmers and Howell business men for the day, met the visitors at the depot, under direc- tion of a large reception committee of farmers and Howell business men, and they were hurried to dinner, 125 being fed at the Hotel Livingston and the rest at the Methodist church, enough local people partaking of the dinner to make the party over 200, the Holstein Association paying the bill. D. D. Aitkin, of Flint, president of the National Holstein Breeders’ Asso- ciation, and Prof. Mumford, of Mich- igan Agricultural College, were pres- ent and made short talks after the dinner. The whole party was then loaded into the automobiles and driven over the county to see the dairies. The county had been divided into six beats and the visitors were divided accord- ingly. Each section went over one heat. In this way the visitors, as a whole, visited the industry as a whole and have but to compare notes to get it all. It was in no sense a sales day, nor was there any concerted effort made to sell. It was a day of education for the visitors and was so carried out by the local people. As far as known, it was the first effort of the kind which has ever been made anywhere. Livingston Co. A. R. CRITTENDEN. CO-OPERATION IN FILLING SILOS. There are a large number of silos being put in by Eaton county farm- ers and the question of filling is to be solved. Does community owner- ship of the outfit work as well as hir- ing an outfit by the day? Eaton Co. A. F. C. I should say by all means purchase a good big cutter. You can hire an engine probably, without much diffi- culty, for the threshing season is us- ually over by the time silo filling be- giiis. Of course, if a man has a large job and can get the necessary help it might be more satisfactory to go it alone. But there is no reason why co-operation can not be a great suc- cess in silo filling. A neighborhood can jointly own the outfit and then change work in doing the labor.. If one has much more than another, make the adjustment by paying the difference in cash. ' You might get some person to buy the outfit and then each hire him to fill their silo and change work to do the labor. MILLET FOR SILAGE. Will millet be good to put into the silo? Would you put it in separate or mix it with the corn, and What proportions? I did not decide to put up a silo until too late to plant en« silage corn, and my field corn is the small eight— —row variety; it is earing up good and the millet will be ready to cut with the corn. I expect to feed cows and sheep on this ensilage. Missaukee Co. I. H. Millet can be made into silage suc- cessfully. You can put it in alone or mix it with corn. If the weather was at all favorable I would make the millet into hay and put the corn into the silo. You wet some dry hay to feed With silage. If your corn crop is well cared it will make all the better silage. You will lose no food value if you put it into the silo. If you haven’t faith enough in the silo to put this well cared corn in there, pick off part of the ears and put the green stalks in the silo. If you do this, wet the corn well when filling. ENSILOING BEET TOPS. Have you ever had experience of putting beet tops in a silo? I have 80 acres of beets this year and would like to fill my silo with the tops cut up with clover hay, but have never had any such experience. Can you give me any information? Isabella Co. P. H. V. I ‘ have had several years’ experi« ence in 'ensiloing beet tops. Have mixed them with straw and corn- stalks and put them in alone... I have run them through the cutter and chopped them up fine. I have also put them in whole Just as they came from the field. In every instance they kept well and made good silage. If they are put in without cutting there will be quite a loss on top because the air can penetrate a good ways among the loose tops. This can be avoided by covering the top with cut straw or stalks and wetting the sil« age down well. To mix them with clover hay will make good feed. It is doubtful, how- ever, if it will pay to go to the bot« er of handling the hay all over. You can just as well feed the beet top su- age and the hay separately. THE MODEL STALL FOR COWS. I am building a new barn and wish to put in the model stall for cows. Will you kindly tell me how to build them? Ingham Co. W. G. C. The model stall has a cement man- ger four inches high and 24 inches wide. The feed alley side extends up straight four feet, with an opening through which ensilage or grain can be fed. Many make a sliding box that can be pulled out into the feed alley, the silage or grain placed in it and then pushed back so the cow can get it. The hay manger which is 18 inches from the lower manger, is narrow at the bottom. The bottom is usually made of 2x6. To the side towards the cow slats are nailed on and sloped back at an angle of 45 degrees and extending until they come on a level with the top of the manger. Parti- tions are placed between each cow so they can not step on each other’s udders. The important part of this stall is the 2x4 that is placed behind the cow. When she is eating out of the lower manger, note Where she stands with her hind feet, and place this 2x4 just in front of them. The space between the 2x4 and the lower manger is to be kept full of bedding. When the cow lies down she must step ahead and lie in front of the 2x4. This gives her a clean bed, and she does not get stable soiled. __..H4... 1—,, -.__ _ __..L4... in..- -.__ _ sne'r. 12, 1914. THE MICHIGAN FARMER Harvesting the Apple Crop. HE fruit—grower’s work of assist- ance to nature in producing a good crop of fruit is over for this season. Cultivation has ceased, the plow greased and put away. The spray outfits have also been set aside after being cleaned out by pumping clear water through them; if they have not, they ought to have been. These.tools have been laid aside, we hope, with the conscientious thought that they have been thoroughly used in combating the natural enemies of good clean fruit. The results, to a great extent, will show up the effi- ciency of the work done. We feel relieved that our work of production is done and should now preparerourselves for the work of reaping the results. Although few realize it, fully half of the work and expense of growing and harvesting fruit is involved in the harvesting end of it. It is also during harvesting that one can either work with econ- omy or extravagance, and gain or lose profits which should rightly be his. Management Essential. The harvesting needs more, close attention to management than do the productive operations of the orchard. Because there is comparatively such a large amount of money" spent in a short time, the lack of management, such as not arranging the work prop- erly, or taking advantage of conven- iences for harvesting, one can pile up a lot of unnecessary expenditures. There is, for instance, the matter of the packing receptacle. The old half- bushel, with an S hook on it, is used by many, but is a waster of time and a destroyer of good fruit. Because it is necessary to hang the basket on a limb it is essential that the location of the basket is changed frequently so that it is convenient to put the fruit in. This changing takes consid- erable time, which might otherwise be used in packing fruit. While each change takes but little time the sum of all the time taken by several pick- ers during the day would amount to considerable, which is practically lost. Another common fault in the use of the picking basket is that the pickers will not change its location as fre- quently as necessary and will, instead, flip the fruit toward the basket, some- times in and sometimes not. This will result in a lot of bruised fruit. The basket is also often hung on a limb which is not strong enough and will give when the basket is nearly filled. This will also result in a lot of good fruit being converted into cider stock. Picking Sacks Convenient. There is no doubt but what some or the patented picking sacks' are the most convenient picking receptacles to use. They are attached to the per- son and are always convenient to pick into. For emptying they are also nice, as they empty from the bottom and therefore do not bruise the fruit as those receptacles which empty from the top do. The writer has found a difference of five cents per barrel in picking, between the use of a con- venient picking bag and a basket, and in addition the fruit was much more free from bruises. In the matter of packing one can also save considerable time and ex- pense, especially with reference to the placing of the packing table near to the picking crew. Many have a pack- ing shed to which they haul the fruit. This is quite satisfactory if the bar- rels are stored overhead and if one does not have to haul the fruit over the same ground a Second time when hauling to the loading station.‘ In other words, the packing shed should be conveniently located to save time in hauling. However, in the use of a packing shed there is necessarily more handling of the fruit than when the fruit is packed in the orchard and the packing table kept near the pick- ing crew. In this way the pickers can empty their picking sacks right on the table, and the sorters get the fruit ready immediately for the bar- rel. Enough sorters and packers should be employed to keep up with the pickers because, if the table gets loaded it will be hard to move and the pickers will have farther to walk to empty their sacks. Use Convenient Sorting Tables. The kind of sorting table to use should also receive consideration, es- pecially if one is handling a large amount of fruit. There are two types of tables in general use. One is a straight table with a strong canvas top. On these tables the apples are put and are sorted by hand. Nails or hooks are usually put along the edges for convenient places to hang the baskets into which the apples are sorted. A half-bushel basket with a handle is the most convenient for this purpose as it can be lowered into the barrel before being emptied and thus prevent bruising of the fruit. A convenient arrangement to use on these straight tables to keep the table clean of leaves and other rubbish is to have a double thickness of canvas over the top. The first thickness should be tacked to the frame, as us- ual, but the second, which should be a little wider than the first, should only be nailed along one edge. The loose end ban then be taken hold of and shaken free of the debris which has accumulated while sorting. A Practical Sorting Table. What is known as the running ta- ble is probably the quickest sorting table there is. This table, which is orchard and the tables kept near, the pickers it is an advantage to have buggy wheels at one end of the table and then the other end can be picked up and the table pushed along. The wheels can be put on either kind of table. (Concluded next week). TROUBLE DEPARTMENT. Cabbage Questions. What is the best thing to extermi- nate the green cabbage worm? Ihave been using Paris green and water. The trouble is, the water slips off the leaves, and, of course, some of the worms go unharmed. So I want to know a better way. How do you kill cabbage lice? Now, that is something that I find Paris green does not kill. What I want to know, is something that will destroy them without injury to the plant. I have a couple of thou- sand plants out and it seems to me that there is about half of them that have lice on. At what stage of growth should cultivation or hoeing be stop- ped? Ionia Co. TV. D. Before the cabbages head, some one of the arsenicals are the best to use for the control of the cabbage worm. Paris green at the strength of five ounces to 50 gallons of water, with the addition of about a pound of lime to prevent burning, is probably best for this use. After the cabbage heads, pyrethum at the strength of one ounce to two gallons of water is a very satisfactory remedy. Hellebore is also very good. It can be used at the rate of four ounces to two gallons of water. Neith- er of the above remedies are very poi- sonous to human beings, and there- fore can be used with safety on the heading cabbage, while it is dangerous to use Paris green or other arsenicals. Regardless of what is used, it is Harvesting Scene, Showing Handy Sorting Table. shown in the illustration on this page, is set on an incline and has a slatted bottom so that the leaves and debris can fall through. The slats should be rounded on top to prevent injury to the fruit. Very strong and practical slats can be made of three-eighths- inch round iron bars, passed through half-inch hose and bolted at each end of the table. The top end, or where the fruit is emptied, is wide, but the lower end, which is just the height of a barrel, is just a little over a foot in width. At the end of this burlap sacking is nailed so that the apples will drop into the barrel easily. By the use of this kind of table two quick-eyed sorters are advisable, one on each side of the table. As the apples roll by they can pick out the imperfect and under—sized ones, and also some of the better ones to be used for facing. By the use of this sort of table the apples are sorted with the least amount of handling and in a short time. It is, however. necessary that the sorters are very careful and quick, otherwise the grad- ing will not be as thorough as it should be. If one wishes to make seV< eral grades of fruit, or if the crop is not uniform in size and freedom from blemishes, the straight tables are probably the—best for grading fruit carefully. If the packing is to be done in the necessary to spray the cabbages two days in succession to get satisfactory results in the control of the worm. Either pyrethrum or hellebore can be used in the dry powdered form, but it is much more economical to use them in solution as suggested above. Whale oil soap, one pound to six gallons of water; kerosene emulsion, one part to six of water, or one of the commercial tobacco extracts, are good remedies for the control of the cab- bage lice. But as pyrethrum can be used for the cabbage worms and is also efficient for the control of the lice it is undoubtedly the most advis- able remedy to use. Paris green will not kill the lice as it is not a contact insecticide. It is hard to give information re- garding the time to stop cultivation, as so much depends upon the season. There is danger of the cabbages grow- ing too fast and cracking but general- ly they will stand a lot of cultivation and as long as possible, especially if the conditions are at all dry. Visit the fruit exhibits at the fairs. One gets an excellent opportunity for studying the influence of local condi- tions on varieties. The exhibit also offers many other opportunities of get- ting suggestions valuable, enough to make a trip to the fair a paying proposition. KM “was“ W 0“; whims c..-~ou.m yin-M u- "'--» w. .... .,,,. . ‘ BuyR ofing now and Save Dollars Send for Catalog Today Take advantage of the low prices on this weather-proof roofing. Kmneberg Metal Shingles "We Pay the Freight" They reSist fire,_are proof against rain. snow, heat, cold. lightning, and the need no repairs because they will wit stand rust, Will not crack, buckle, curl nor fall off. Buy direct from the factory. Lay them yourself quicker and easier than wood shingles. They can be laid on roofs with any kind of pitch or slant. Send at once for our big catalog .0‘ and lowest prices. Kanneberg Shingles come in ’ 0 single shingles. eight to SIlCt‘l, or in clusters 2 0’ Kill- feet by any length from S to 10 feet. Catalog 0. nobflrg shows many designs and sizes. 0 Roofing & .Sendfor it today and he sure to give 0. 'Calllnx co. diinenSions of roof. \Vc'll tell you o‘ 1411] I how to get the best roof at least cost. 0 ‘ [long I. K b R _ '0 5L, Canton. 0. 3"“ P." ”“08 3‘ I Send catalog :: once ellmg Co. ‘0 to 4%) Est. 1886 0' ‘ . Douglas Street 0 Canton, Ohio 0' Name ......................... ..... 0' ‘i 0 Address ..... IooouucooonomouOO”MA Best on Earth Prices Right Prompt Scnicc Cummer Mfg. Cadinac. Michigan In a class by themselves—Maloney Quality . . selected from the choicest stock grown on .~ our 350-acre nurseries—direct to you at cost plus one profit only—hardy, fresh _. : I ng trees guaranteed true to name and free from disease. Write for big Free Fall Cat- - alngue—givea you valuable informption about nursery stock. 29 years expe'llmco -" hack of every lllnloney tree. Mnloney Bros. h Wells (30., Box 89.Dnnovillo,fl.Y. REES iH ’IFA‘ “i" P‘ i 3 We hava 900,000 Fruit. Trees and wish to reduce them { one-half this full. We offer the 4-5 ft. size as follows, other sizes accordingly low: - Apple. 2 yrs. 100. $7.00 Pear, 2 years. 100. 89.00 Punch, 1 year. 100, $7.50 Cherry. 2 yum. 100. $11.00 Guaranteed First Class, True in Name, Free from Disease Write for free Catalog and send list. of wants for special Fri-ightPaid Price. The WILLIAM J. REILLY NURSEHIIZS. ‘14 (issian S... i Dansville, N. Y. Originators of ”Trees iit Ilnlf Agents Price." LIME Pulverized magnesinn lime rock for"sour" soils. Write for LOW Summer Prices direct to you from Muskegon and Benton Harbor. Michigan. E SHORE STONE (30.. Milwaukee. Wis. LAX —Y0ll.8I10llld get the highest grade of limestone manufactured. Buy it upon the basis of analysis. We manufacture the highest grade pul- verized limestone sold in Michigan. Let us prove it. Ask for sample and analysis. CAMPBELL STONE 00.. Indian Rlvor. Mlch. Potato Crates. ‘ Price of 5 100 NW Nailed ........................ $3.50 $l2.50 Sl20 Flat... 2 90 ”.00 [00 . F 0 B. ears Ill-ere. .Terms. cash. M. H. HUNT & SON Lansing, Mich. SEED WHEAT. GOEING WHEAT~A bearded variety of red wheat. Splendid yields. very hardy. st'il’ straw. never lodges. The best. wheat I ever grew. Send for sample and prices. COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersville. Michigan, PURE FIELD SEEDS Seed Wheat—Red Wave and Winter Kin - Clover Timothy. Alsike. Alfalfa and all kindsghf Pun; Field Seeds direct from producer to consumer: free from noxmus weeds. Ask for samples. BIG TYPE Puland Chinas, March and April in at reasonable prices. A. C. HOYT & (30.1’F86T0RIA‘ OHIO. FALL Planting is BEST for all kinds of Fruit and Shade Trees. Shrubs. Gra e. Currants. Gooseberriea. Blackberries. Everbenr ng Strawberry Plants. Bulbs, etc. Send for Free (intnlog. ERNST NURSERIES, BOX 2, EATON, OHIO. so” coin Seed Wheat. Heavy yielder. Recleaned by farm power mil]. 81.45 bu. Baas & sample free. Munoytown Stock Farm, Flat Rock. Ml oh SEPT. 12, 19%: International HarveSter Manure Spreaders TheIHCLine GRAIN AND HAY MACHINES Binders. Reopen Headers, Mowers YOU cannot point to one detail in International Harvester Spreaders that will .not do its work well 1n actual . . Relies, 8 here field and yard serVICe. Every part IS 5353.":3 strong and durable, built for long life ”ngg'fifigl'fls Binders, Cultivators Ensilue Cutters Shells". Shredder: TILLAGE Pet. Spring-Tooth, and Disk Harrow. and good, even spreading. , ' Among the features that will interest you are these: Simple protected beater drivmg mechanism, all of steel; load carried on rear . . - - Cult“ torn axle, insuring traction; rever51b1e gear and £55..“ mg worm; low, ea511y loaded box, With ample 9,3193%" Manure Spreaders Cream Separator. Farm Wagons clearance underneathyend gate, preventing clogging of beater while drivmg to the field, etc. All styles are in the I H C spreader line,‘high and Mo," Trad“ low, endless and reverse apron, and various. Sizes Thresher! for small and large farms. Our catalogues w1ll tell atelangrriflm you more. Write for them and let us tell you also KniieGrinderl where you may see I H C manure Spreaders. Binder Twine international Harvester Company of America ' (Incorporated) CHICAGO - U S A Champion Deering McCormick Milwaukee Osborne le’ TH E" M 1c H'VI G AN: .. ran ME R? tion? them? compare to the “hand-fed” What about the feed required for a hundred pounds of gain? How much trough room is necessary? Are the self-feeders difficult to make? Tell as much about the self-feeder as will give us a clear idea of its practicabil- ity in general. These are the ques- tions which come to us daily. In a brief way we shall answer. In the quick fattening of well-grown shotes the self-feeder method is of much merit. Just'this summer (1914) we finished 17 225-lb. shotes on blue- grass, feeding them for 68 days in self-feeders, there being allowed sep- arately dry shelled corn, of which they ate per head daily, 7.39 pounds, meat meal (carrying 60 per cent pro- tein) .18 pounds; whole oats .07; wheat middlings .04; linseed oil meal (old process) .01; charcoal .003, (fine charcoal may be made from corn cobs), and rock salt .003 pounds. We could hardly have hand-fed them to better advantage. They gained 1.75 pounds daily, which is quite 'good, and required for a 100-1b. gain, these foods: Corn 422 pounds; meat meal 10.3 pounds; oats 4.2 pounds; mid- dlings 2.2 pounds; oil meal .7 pounds; charcoal .16 p0unds, and salt .16, or PER GALLON Emerson Type S Engines have an entirely new arrangement of valves and spark. On a. . given quantity of fuel they develop more power ‘ than other engines of the same bore stroke .7, and speed. \Vrite today for FREE book proving the above seemingly extravagant claims of superiority. A size for every farm. of total concentrates, 439.6 pounds. Charging the corn at 50 cents, meat meal at $2.50, cats 38 cents, mid~ dlings $1.45, charcoal $3, salt at $1, and bluegrass pasture at $6 an acre, the cost of the 100-lb. gain is $4.22. Charging corn at 60 cents and oats at 45 cents, other prices the same, we have $4.98. With $6 hogs the return for a bushel of corn, all' profits p1an ed on corn, was 72.7 cents. A comparison of pigs, hand vs. self- fed, taken from weaning to 250 lbs. in weight on alfalfa pasture, and fin- ished in dry lot when alfalfa season was over, is particularly instructive. EMERSON-BRANTINGHAM IMPLEMENT CO. (In-c.) 40916 i com: Farm Machinery. 739 wm Iron 31.. Rockford. Ill. WILL 5 an 0 Interest paid if invested with this Society. semi-annually. Let us have your name and address and we will tell you of the advan- tages offered by this Society which has been doing business for over twenty years. The Industrial Savings Society, 219 Hammond Bldz.. Detroit. Mich. I. ROY \vnnammv. Pres. AUSTIN N. KIMMIS. Secy‘. Ull rDecrease Fode Mills Crush ear corn (with or P‘ shacks) and zrlnd all kinds of small ‘afl'l’ gram. V Steak Thrive Best on Ground Feed Bowsher Mills are differently con- structed from others. Light running —handy to operate. In 10.512es from 2 to 25 H. P. Sold With or without elevator. We_aiso make Sweep Grinders. Write today. Altai d ld.r an val- FBEE See officials {girdemanurem Michigan Livestock Insurance (in. Capital Stock—$100,000. Surplus—$100,000. Home Office—Charlotte, Michigan. iii The table of iesults follows: anmmWWWMMWWMWmmmMannmnhhhhnhhhmhhmmhhhhhhhhmg~ E. f . ‘ : ‘ " E lee Stock. E .5. E g aluminummunnnnIIImlnunInIIunmiIuIininnumuniiunIiunnnnnmnmnunnmmIunununnunnnunIunIIuImuInunIIIIunlminImmmmiInmmnnnmmmme The Self Feeder for Fattening Hogs. OW about the self-feeder? ‘Is it practical in feeding hogs? Will the hogs balance their own ra- What feeds shall we allow in How do the “self-fed” gains ones? whether or not meat meal is to be allowed at free will. 4. Considerable labor was saved in self-feeding, and risk, interest. and responsibility were lessened by hav- ing hogs ready for market earlier. On bluegrass the use of the self. feeder has not been so favorable as on alfalfa, but the comparative effi- ciency of the two methods is close. On rape the full feeding of corn in a self-feeder should give very favorable returns. But little supplement is re- quired on rape pasture. Ordinarily if one does not wish to push his pigs hard the self-feeder could be pressed into service late in the season. A quick 30-day finish was put on two groups of 16 265-lb. hogs last winter, (1913-14), corn being fed in self—feeders in two lots, the first of which was fed tankage as a slop and the latter self-fed dry. The results are close. The figures based on Ames weights follow: we :4 8:. ii :3 5 ea «:43. 5' a. 3:. a “3 :3 w :3 . mm mm Average daily gain ....... 1.24 . 1.21 Corn eaten daily ......... 5.1 5.61 Meat meal eaten daily. .3 .40 Food eaten per 100 lbs. ‘ 503. 498. gain ................... Cost of 100 lbs. gain, corn at 600, meat meal at 2.50 ................... $5.74 $5.81 Practically, the results indicate a close similarity. Of course, the al- lowance of meat meal was made, bas- ed on a large number of years of ex- perience. It is hardly probable that the average layman could approxi- mate the proportion of meat meal in hand—feeding so closely as was done in this case. In another experiment of this same character, but tried on a different set of hogs, the self-fed hogs made the better showing, al- though the differences were small. One must not overlook the advantage of labor saved in the self-feeding method. In fattening old'sows for market Hand vs. Self-fed Pigs on Alfalfa. Feed. Number days fed Average daily gain Feed eaten daily: ..... FOR SALE—Registered weanling Stallion Colts from our best Percheron Mares. Write. R. S. HUDSON. Michigan. Agri— cultural Cullege. E. Lani-dug, Michigan, Feed Grinders, Saw Frnmu, Steel Tanks CATALOGU'S FRI! AUINTE \VANTEI) Perkins Wind Mill & Engine Co. Est. 1860 , 135 MAN 51-. Miohownhn. Ind. I Registered Percherons, BROOD MARES. FILLIES AND YOUNG STALLIONS at prices that will surprise you. L. C. HUNT & (30.. Eaton Rapids. Michigan. Wood Mills are But. Engines are Simple only Home 00., ill MlChlgan. D. Népihagzvniflfi‘: co. 1Siorn grailn ...................... com C- “WE pan... . L " ' vrotfiaieéiie‘im- '1'0'0' ‘1‘b'st'ganz::::::::: H' J' WELLS' "' secr‘t’w'Tru’""' I d | Cost of 100 lbs. gain, corn at 500.... PUMP GRlN” SA "fining: Return for bushel of corn with $6.00 hogs, cents ....................... ooooooooooooooooo Pigs—Weaning to Market—le‘Fed: 1 N 1 s 8 N 8 s a“ ,c T » 53$ 5 ugé a. awn * Ha “ 0 as s a. :1 Es $3 8 3.35 0*,“ 0 Dan 03 E Q) '8 Q) GU)” Fig 0 94.5 GT3 13$ :1 8': :3 a £3.33 a s as: g ”5 r mm min as E 3 (123.8 . 229 206 206 180 .95 1.06 1.07 1.22 3.91 3.82 3.62 4.10 .08* .28 .39 .33 419.6 385.4 372.6 364.0 $3.97 $3.96 $4.00 $3.83 75.4 79.6 81.1 83.9 it Some meat meal fed in dry lot following forage. Peculiarly enough, the self-fed hogs in field 8 S getting corn and meat meal in separate feeders, made the largest and the cheapest gains, fin- ished to 250 pounds quickest, and re- turned most for a bushel of corn. Crandsons of King of the Pontiacs From Choice A. R. O. Dams. KING PONTIAC JEWEL KORNDYKE. their sire, has inthe records of ten of the nearest dams and of forty daughters listed under the sires in his pedigree an average for the fifty of 31 .25 pounds each In seven days. Average per cent of fat of his three nearest dams 4.37. The sires in the first three generations of hispedigree have 500 A.R.0 daughters You can see these choice young sires, ready for service this fall, on your way to or from the State Fair. at Ashmoor Farms. Tecumseh, Michigan, R. F. D. 2: their sire. dams and half sisters. A few dams bred to ”KING” might now be spared. Conveyances Will on application meet you at Tecumseh, on Lake Shore Ry., or at Britton on Wabash. Telephone. PRICES REASONABLE, . For further particulars as to breeding. if you cannot go out to the farm address. i HATCH HERD, YPSILANTI', MICHIGAN. This bunch at eight months of age weighed 250 pounds, and were finish- ed and off to market 26 days before any of those from other fields were ready at that weight. The teachings of this practical feeding are: 1. Growing and fattening pigs full fed corn on alfalfa need a protein supplement. 2. The self-feeding of corn and meat meal in separate self-feeders is prac- tical and economical on alfalfa. 3. When corn is hand-fed there is a‘. question (unless corn' is kept before the pigs almost continually) as to our self-feeder trials have been very satisfactory. For instance: Two groups of yearlings, weighing 261 lbs. when started, one hand-fed, the other self-fed on shelled corn, made gains of 2.30 and 2.64 pounds daily respec- tively. The handled ones took 436 pounds of corn for each 100 pounds gain, the self—fed ones 417 pounds; the profit per hog in 58 dyas, corn cost- ing 50 cents and hogs selling for $6, was, when hand—fed, $2.77, and self- fed $3.42, a difference of 65 cents. Strikingly it is shown that for mature hogs the self-feeder for short feeds is relatively very profitable. Other feed- ing records show that those old sows had more judgment as regards the amount of supplement they should have than their feeder, experienced and first-class though he was. SEPT. 12, 1914. Old sows, weighing from 300 to 500 pounds, then, and just through suck- ling litters, make very economical gains on corn alone. This is in mark- ed contrast to the heavy requirements of young pigs for supplement. About trough room. We usually al- low for a ten-foot corn trough: Thirty to 50 spring pigs; 20 to 30 loo-pound shotes; 15 to 25 ZOO-pound hogs; 14 to 20 old sows. Some self-feeder “Dont’s” may sim- plify the method: 1. Don’t use the self-feeder for all classes of hogs. 2. Don’t self-feed if you don’t want rapid gains. 3. Don’t self-feed if you want to “grow your pigs along slowly.” 4. Don’t self-feed 'pregnant sows, excepting early in the breeding sea- son, or unless you mix bulky feed such as ground oats, alfalfa meal, or bran with foods. 5. Don’t expect the self-feeder to save all the work. 6. Don’t think that, although the “self” method works out meritorious- ly in many circumstances with hogs that the same would be true of cattle, horses, sheep, poultry and goats. 7. Don’t always expect the hog to economically balance the ration, no matter what feeds you allow. The hog is not an economist; he is a phy- siologist by instinct, i. e., he will eat to suit himself, and if you feed him sugar he disregards the price. But it is surprising how well the hog likes corn. In the corn belt it is the one great feed for swine, but just now its relative high prices gives it a nar- row margin compared to wheat, rye, barley and oats. 8. Don’t you know that “hogging- down” corn is practiced by your fel- low-Iowa farmers because “it pays”— and don’t you know that it is “the self-feeder method" of harvesting the corn? 9. Don’t expect pigs on dry, hard bluegrass to do well when “self-fed on corn.” Either “green-up” the grass or supply rape, alfalfa, and so on. 10. Don’t self-feed unless you keep water before the hogs always. 11. Don’t self-feed tankage or meat meal if you limit the corn ra- tion; when the pig gets hungry, it’s eat tank.ge or nothing, and he eats the tankage. 12. Don’t expect the self-feeder to be a panacea for all feeding troubles. Remember, that the self—feeder is still in an experimental stage, and that the principles and laws which govern its use are not yet fully work- ed out. Iowa. J. M. EVVARD. LIVE STOCK N EWS. Sheep and lamb prices have had a severe break from high point early in August and there is a generous run of range stock due in September which will likely have effect in hold- ing values down. The market is eas- ily 500@$1 lower on all grades of mutton stock than top point this sea— son but product fails to move to the consumer in any generous volume. Retail prices are high and have been for weeks past, but a cut in hoof live costs should have effect in bring- ing the meats to a cheaper basis. A. E. deRicqles, general manager of - the American Live Stock & Loan 00., of Denver, and a big rancher in the west, declares the range cattle ship- ping season will be practically ended by October 1. “Cattlemen started in to ship stuff freely early this season,” says Mr. deRicqles, “because grass- cured early and fattening conditions were the best in years. This, togeth- er with the fact that the supplies will be lighter than in recent years, should mean an early cessation of shipping. Several of the larger outfits in the northwest, including our own com- pany, will about wind up their ship- ping in the last week of September. A small supply of range cattle can be expected to go into the corn belt for winter finishing. Cattle from the ranges this year are beefy and the strong packer demand for them from the start of the season has induced growers to keep the thin ones back for last season marketing when they will have attained a good condition for beef trade.” THE MICHIGAN FARMER This is genuine double galvanizing—the secret of which has been sought after- for years by the Government lnvestigators. Metallurgists and Manu- facturers the country over. But mark this—our method of double galvanizing is possible only because of the high quality of the special-formula Open Hearth wire we use. it is of that perfectly uniform texture absolutely necessary to FENCING to be in every respect exactly as YOU CAN'T LOSE when you buy PITTSBURGH Head Felt Roofing Nails, Coated Na 19; Blucd Ties: Harris STALLS and ST ANCHIONS meet every requirement. Investigate our complete line for remodeling old or fitting out new burns. We make all kinds. . ‘ including the latest Adjustable. Aligning Stalls, placing cows .: ,3 In correct position to gutter. ..- .. Barn Equipment m - .. Eavs for itself in a. short: time out of increased profits. Our WOOD INED Steel Stanchions insure perfect. cow comfort. They are san- itary, 100 per cent practical and sat a. lifetime. Our Fr ed and Lit.- y ter Carriers cut disagreeable barn work in half. Send for Free Illustrated Catalog and become acquainted with our unique lino 1" * " of quality goods at low prices. Write To- -.Day THE HARIIS MFG. co... Box 350 8ALEM. OHIO uPittsburgh Perfect" Electrically Welded Wire Fencing. 7—211 il’iiishurgh Perfect'Tences are now made of GE NUINH DOUBLE GALVANIZED WIR lMPORTANT ANNOUNCEMENT! THE LATEST and greatest of all improvements we have ever made on the ongmal‘ ‘Pittsburgh Perfect”Fenc1ng, is our new and exclusive method of DOUBLE GALVAgNIZlNG FENCE WIRE, which adds years of life to “Pittsburgh Perfect” Fences over any fence you have been able to obtain before now. absorb the galvanizing metal. and the only wire that will take the proper heat treatment and can be actu- ally galvanized. By numerous scientific tests of many lrinds we have proved, beyond question or doubt, that our fencing is now twice as durable as any fencing you have been able to obtain heretofore. SOLD BY DEALERS EVERYWHERE UNDER THIS UN CON DITIONAL GUARANTEE Our Dealers are authorized to ABSOLUTELY GUARANTEE “PITTSBURGH PERFECT" We represent it. Back of this guarantee stands the Pittsburgh Steel Company, owning and‘operating the largest independent plants in the world manufacturing Fencing, Nails and Wire. “ Pittsburgh Perfect" Fence on the strength of this guarantee. Our new catalogue. just off the press, is full of fence information; you need it, whether you Want to buy fence now, or will later on. Address Nearest Office. Ask for Catalogue No. 43- STEEL COMPANY PITTSBURGH, PA. saw r0111: CHICAGO DULUTH 51.101113 111111111115 onus We Manufacture. (tom the Ore in our Mines to the Finished Product. "Pittsburgh Perfect" Brands of Pig iron; Blooms; Billcts; Wire Rods; Barbed Wire; Hard Spring Coil Wire; Twisted Cable Wire. Telegraph and Telephone Wire; Straightened and Cut Wire; Bale Tics; Poultry Netting Staples; Fence Staples; Regular and Galvanized Steel Wire Nails; Smooth Foundry and Plaster Board Nails; Large Bright. Annealed and Galvanized Wire; Nails; Steel Hoops; Steel Bands; Cotton ROSENTHAL I Corn Husker and Sherder No.1 Cyclone Most economical and satisfactory way or‘ handling your corn crop. No delay. no extra heip. Do it in ur own spare time. Unly6 to 8 h. p. to run it. o Euilt on same sturdy, succ 53 lines as our larger machines. Absolutely safe to operate. 19 years in the field. SOLD 0N TRIAL 'Sé’lfé‘f — WINCHESTER ROSENTHAL CORN HUSKERCO. Box 2,Milwaul1ee,Wis. Also makers of Fred Cutters and Silo Fillers. {Any DOWN “one Rifle and Pistol Cartndges It’s the careful and scientific manner in which Winchester cartridges are made and loaded which has earned for them a reputation for accuracy, reliability and uniformity which no other brands enjoy. Winchester cartridge shells are care- fully inspected before loading for size, length and conformity. All Winchester bullets are swaged by machinery which makes them exact in size, contour and density. Then the loading is done by automatic machinery which not only insures a uniform charge, but seats the bullet in the shell so that its axis coincides with that of the shell; hence with that of the barrel of the arm. These are a few of the many reasons why Win- Chester cartridges in all calibers are the most satisfactory on the market. Use the W Brand They Shoot Straight and Strong Write today. stating horsepower of your engine lL512}: 0NLY$ Year to Pay 3—. buys the reliable U. S. En- gine (size 1/ H. P.) direct ' grom our factory on easy payments of only $5 down and $3 a — month. Free Catalog Folder shows nine larger sizes all sold at similar low prices and on very easy terms. All guaranteed 5 years and hue b 6 car manufacturin ex- :gsggajj“ .. 7 l r c e trinl Burn Gasoline, erosene or Distillate Mlllmfj'mm —have double the power of other engines of —eqkeu ual weight—are eaSIest to move—easy to get at least a ace—run smoothest—start eas burn lessu uel and ast longer. Free Catalog Fol er gives 18 reasons for U. S. 811 eriority and quotes low easy-to~pny factory prices. rite now. (I) ll. 3. ENGINE WORKS, 3722 Ogden 11111.. CHICIGO * RUN 0N KEROSENE Go for 10 Hours Ellis Engines develop more power on cheap lamp oil than other engines do on high- riced gasoline. Will also operate successfully on istillate, petrol, alcohol or Lgasoline. Only three working parts. have patent throttle giving three on- gincs in one; force- feed oilcr; auto- mobile type muffler; ball bearing governor adjustable while run- mugKE and other exclusive features. 8 OVE I Every engine sent on 30 do 3' ap- proval. 10-year Guarantee. g eciul factory pnces on all sizes. hou- Innds ofsatlsiled users. Write (or big new 19“ catalog and special discount prices. We Pay Freight. ELLIS ENGINE (30., 110 Inlleti 51., Detroit, Itch. When writing advertisers please mention The Michigan Farmer. 212—8 The Michigan Farmer Established 1843. Copywright 1914. The Lawrence Publishing Co. Editors and Proprietors. 39 to 45 Congress St. \‘Vest. Detroit .Mlchlzan TELEPHONE MAIN 4520. NEW YORK OFFICE—41 Park Row. CHICAGO OFFC E—604 Advertising Building. CLEVELAND OFFICE—10114015 Oregon Ave.. N. E. PHILADELPHIA OFFICE-214-218 Twelfth St. M. J, LAVVRENCE .................................... President M. L. LAWRIiNCE................................Vice-President ]§_ H, HOUGH’I‘ON .................................... Sec-Treats, l. R. WA'I‘ERBURY... Assoicate .............. Editors BURT WERMUTHo-n i-'. A, WILKEN ................. ALTA LAWSON LITTELL ........................ Ii. H. HOUGHTON -------------------------- Business Manager TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One year, 52 issues .......................................... 50 cents Two years, 104 issues..........................................$1_00 Three years, 156 issues ....................................... L25 Five years 260 jssues ............................................ 2,00 All sent postpaid. Canadian subscriptions 50c a year extra for postage. Always send money by draft. postofliee money order. registered letter'or by express. We will not be responsible for money sent in letters, Address all communications to. and make all drafts checks and postotfice orders payable to. The Lawrence Publishing Co. We ncvcr, unless through error. send The Michigan Farmer beyond the date subscribed to—our subscription price being always due in advance, and sample copies always free. No bills will ever be sent should a subscription through error be continued after expiration, RATES OF ADVERTISING: 40 cents per line agate type measurement. or $5.60 per inch (14 agate lines per inch) per insertion. No adv‘t In- serted for less than 251,20 each insertion. No objection- able advertisements inscrted at any price. Entered as second class matter at the Detroit. Michigan, postoffice. DETROIT, SEPT. 12, 1914. A FEW LEADING ARTICLES OF THE WEEK. Big Operations Conducted on Small Farms.—H0w intensive methods of culture make this a possibil- ity ............................ 205 Is Your Clover Seed Free from Midge?——A careful examination, fer which instructions are given, will save money before harvest- ing the seed crop ............... 206 Harvesting the Apple Crop.—A de- scription of needed equipment for harvesting .................. 209 The SeId-Feeder for Fattening Hogs.-Comparisons of results- securcd at the Iowa Station.....210 The Grand Army of the Republic. ——Scenes and descriptions of the recent National Encampment. . ..213 The Well-Behaved Child.——Practi- cal observations on child man- agement ....................... 218 Farm Staples Sold at Auction.—A discussion of the advantages of the public sale in marketing farm products ................. 320 CURRENT COMMENT. Quite often one Object Lessons in meets agricultural Agriculture. educators and writers who have devoted themselves earnestly to the task of effecting through their efforts an improvement in the agricultural practices of their state or section of the country who have become discour- aged and skeptical because progress in that direction has been so slow. They are able to point to cases where. individuals have applied the knowl- edge thus disseminated or the princi- ples thus emphasized with success and profit, but feel that the various agen< cies which have been Working toward the same end in which they have been interested, have failed in the accom- plishment of the objective purpose be- cause such application has not been general. But"it should not be forgotten by these men and others who are inter- ested in the same general object, that one man who actually demonstrates in his own community the superiority of scientific methods of agriculture in any line, is doing more toward the general application of those methods than can be accomplished in any oth- er way. The teaching and preaching of improved methods is but the first step in the evolution to better meth- ods, and the unobtrusive farmer who supplies the demonstration in a prac- tical way is a greater factor in the general improvement in our agricul- ture than is the more noted advocate \ THE MICHIGAN FARMER' of , better methods.» -Fortiihately, filler class is rapidly growing, and the force of their exampleis being felt in ev- ery community. As virtue is its own reward, so are these advanced farm- ers reaping a commensurate profit. Also, they are getting a degree of set isfaction from their efforts which the mere teacher loses, but which makes life much better worth the living. . One trouble with Learn to Do by many of us among Doing. the older generation of farmers is that we know, or think we know, too much about the business of farming. Occa- sionally we hear of some instance of phenomenal production, to which we listen with skepticism, because it does not conform to our own standards of experience. Perhaps by trying out the same proposition with fair and open mind and in a painstaking manner, we might learn that our standards of experience are far too low, as in most cases they doubtless are. The right way to learn if this is the case is to do our very best, and let our new experiences set our standards for the future, rather than the experiences which have been our standards in the past. The child develops in knowledge in just this way, and the best of us are but children in our dealings with Dame Nature. Too often we do not appreciate that fact and come to re- gard ourselves as possessing a ma- tured knowledge which leaves little opportunity for future development. We can all learn to do better work in the management of our farms by do- ing our very best at all times, which will result in the constant elevation of our standards of farming. The Michigan State Fair opened on schedule time on Monday, September 7, with the usual large Labor Day at- tendance. The entries insure an un- usually strong fair in all departments, while its long duration will afford ex- ceptional opportunities for the farm-- ers of the state to pick a convenient date for attending this greatest of Michigan agricultural fairs. There are very many reasons why every Michigan farmer who can possibly ar- range to attend, as most of them can, should spend one or more days at this fair. The educational opportunities which mentioned in previous comments, and we cannot dwell upon them at this time. But they are of too great im- portance to be overlooked and with an unexcelled opportunity for a good time, together with a needed day’s outing, they should appeal so strongly to every farmer within reach of De- troit as to compel his attendance at the State Fair this week. The fair lasts until the evening of September 18. There is still ample time to im- prove the opportunity of visiting it. The Last Call for the State Fair. THE GREATER MICHIGAN FAIR. The people of Grand Rapids and western Michigan were favored with ideal weather for the initial “Greater Michigan Fair.” The fair was well attended and was a creditable event in the long line of good fairs held un- der the auspices of the West Michi- gan Fair Association. Improvements in the grounds and in the arrangement of the exhibits and concessions, enabled the accommoda- tion of patrons with greater comfort than ever before. Wide concrete walks and tan-bark roadways throughout the grounds, facilitated passage between the buildings and among the conces- sions, while the paved areaway under the large concrete grandstand is pro- vided with many chairs and benches, thus affording an appreciated haven of rest, as well as shelter from sun or rain. ' The exhibits were good in both quantity and quality in most depart- ments of the show. Some weak spots caused critical comment, which is ev- er more freely offered than is com- mendation for the strong points, which outnumbered by far the few weak places in the exhibits. In the live stock department the cattle exhibits were the strong fea- it affords have been briefly ture of the-“show: Terr—breeds -were represiented, in this show, withcompe- t‘ition‘ in every-gbreed but two, and: enough entries in most of» the classes to take‘down all the money. The short classes were Shorthorns and Brown Swiss, each represented by one herd, the Lessiter Bros., old-time exhibitors of the former breed, stating that this was the first time in their experience that they had shown without compe- tition. Other breeds represented in the show were Angus, Herefords. Poll- ed Durhams, Red Polls, Dutch Belted, Jerseys, Guernseys and Holsteins, the last named dairy breeds predominat- ing in numbers. The exhibits aver— aged of excellent quality and the su- perior character of the cattle show is a matter for congratulation to the management. The sheep show was fairly good from the stand oint of both quality and quantity. here was a good rep- resentation of fine wool breeds, al- though the number of exhibits was not as large as in some previous years. The classes were, however, well filled with individuals of representative quality, making a good show. The middle wool classes were fairly well filled with competitive exhibits of good quality but less highly fitted‘ than in some former years. In the coarse wool classes there was less competition, although most of the breeds were represented, including the Cheviots, which are seldom seen at Michigan fairs. In the hog classes the exhibits were not as numerous as in some former years, several large herds, which for- merly made the Michigan circuit, not being out this year. Most of the breeds of local importance were, how- ever, well represented and the qual- ity of the entries was excellent. The lard breeds prdominated, although there was an excellent showing of Yorkshires, which was the only breed of the bacon type represented. The horse department was the weak spot in the live stock show. There Were a few good exhibits in the draft horse breeds and a sprinkling of har‘ ness horses and ponies, but more va- cant than occupied stalls, which was a disappointment to the crowd, and especially to the city people who are more appreciative of horses than of other live stock exhibits. The poultry show was fine, both in the character of the exhibits and in the manner in which they were plac- ed. All the birds were housed in wire coops of uniform size and style, so ar- ranged as to facilitate their inspection by a maximum number of patrons in a minimum of time. The building de- voted to this departent was filled, as was a large convas annex. A wide range of breeds was represented, es- pecially in the chicken department, al- though the utility breeds were most largely represented. Of these, the general purpose breeds predominated, with a good representation of the spe- cral purpose egg producers. Entries of fowls, other than chickens, were few in number, although there were a few good entries of ducks and geese. Altogether, the poultry show was one of the best among many good shows put up at the West Michigan Fair. The machinery exhibit was good in the more advanced line of farm equip- ment and vehicles. The gasoline en- gine was everywhere present, operat- ing power equipment of many kinds, to the keen interest of fair patrons. Exhibits of the lesser items of farm equipment were less numerous than at most former fairs, although this did not detract greatly from the show from the average patron’s standpoint, he being more generally interested in the new developments in this line. The fruit exhibit was an attractive one and very strong in spots, although less competitive in character than in some former years. The Western Michigan Development Bureau had a wonderful exhibit of apples, the early date of the fair considered, hundreds of boxes of well-colored fruit being ar- ranged in an attractive manner, sev- eral rows deep and extending nearly the entire length of one side of the large hall. The individual plate ex- hibits were few in number, and the county exhibits so conspicuous in for- mer years were absent in this depart- ment, due largely, it is charged, to the honorary character of the awards. In the vegetable classes there were sev- eral county exhibits, and a very good representation of general entries, which were attractively placed. Al- though liberal prizes had been offered in the corn classes by the Grand Rap- ids banks the entries in. this depart- ment were not numerous and were of rather poor quality, due principally to the early date of the fair and the injury of the earlier corn by the drouth which was but recently brok- en in the western part of the state. The floral exhibits were attractive. and added greatly to the appearance of the hall. . " The art exhibits included the usual exhibits by local business houses. The educational exhibits were more var- ied in character‘than usual, including' demonstrations of manual training and SEPT.'12, 1914. domestic scienceworkgin the Grand Rapids schools. :Health- and ~Dairy and . Food - Depart- ment e‘xhibit cars were on the ground and -were liberally visited by fair pa- trons. The local post office maintain- ed a branch office in, the Michigan building, in connection with which there was a unique exhibit illustrating the Wide range of possible usefulness of the parcel post. All kinds of pro- ducts were there, each placarded with its weight and rate’of postage. These included not only many kinds of farm produce put up in various kinds of packages, but a wide range of other articles as well, even to automobile tires and, most surprising of all, a plow, which the manufacturers will, upon order, ship by parcel post. The entertainment features of the fair, particularly the fireworks which rounded out the evening program, kept a large section of the crowd on the grounds over the usual rush hour, while the new street car terminal fa— cilities at the grounds facilitated the handling of the people so much better than ever before, that many visitors misjudged the attendance because of the absence of the usual jam at the exit gates. When all its features are consider- ed, the management is to be congrat- ulated on the success of the Greater Michigan Fair. HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK. The European Wan—The positions of the general armies have changed somewhat during the past week. Al- though it was reported Tuesday that the allied forces were holding the German lines in France, the Kaiser’s forces have made considerable ad- vancement during the past week in their campaign with Paris as the ob- jective point. Troops have penetrat- ed to within 30 miles of that city. An effort was made to envelop the allied forces east of Paris, the success of which is yet to be determined. In eastern Germany the invading Russian forces are meeting with stern resist- ance. Their position, however, ap- pears to be improving, and with forces greatly outnumbering the opposition. it is naturally expected that ultimate success will favor the Czar. In Aus- tria, the Russians have won a decisive battle and captured Lemberg, an im- portant position in Galicia. Reports indicate the defeat to be a crushing blow to Austria. The Russians seem to be following up their victory with the intention of annihilating the army of Franz Josef. The Servians are suc- cessfully repulsing the Austrians on the south and preventing the enemy from entering Belgrade. Italy is mo- bilizing her troops, while it is antici- pated that Turkey will enter the com test as ally with Germany and Aus- tria. Public opinion in Spain is fav- orable to rendering assistance to Great Britain and France. Japan is progressing in the attack upon the Germans in the far east. The Tokio government has appropriated over $26,000,000 as a war fund. National. It is unofficially reported that Pres- ident Wilson has offered to withdraw American troops from Vera Cruz if General Carranza, present executive head of the government of Mexico City, will resign in favor of some oth- er prominent Mexican, or if he will assume the oflice of provisional presi- dent but will not be a candidate for president in the regular election, or if Carranza does not assume the office of provisional president but continues to exercise the executive power as first chief of the Constitutionalists, the United States government will im- mediately give him recognition and will also recognize the person elected at the polls. President Wilson has made an ap- peal to the Colorado Mine Operators and the United Mine Workers to end their difficulties by declaring a three- year truce, allowing the return to work of the miners who have not been convicted of law violations, pro- hibiting the intimidation of union or non-union men, publishing the current scale of wages and rules, and appoint mg of a grievance committee by the employes. Complaints are being made to the federal government at Washington as to the large number of dependent fam- 11188 new in the eastern states, due to the men having gone to war and leav- ing their wives and children depend« ent upon the communities. The situa- tion is peculiarly critical in the min- ing sections of Pennsylvania and New York state. On Monday 110 Chinese government students landed in San Francisco en- route Ito different educational institu- tions in this country. These students are being supported by funds out of the Boxer indemnity fund paid to Chi- na by the United States in 1908. ' As a. substitute for the proposed plan to raise revenue by internal tax- ation, Senator Vardaman, of Missis- sippi, has proposed. a ten per cent cut in all federal ofl‘lcials salaries. The State Board or.) ,+, 'MagaZIne Section LITERATURE POETRY HISTORY an? IN FORMATION ‘17:: FARM BOY an? GIRL SCIENTIFIC an"? MECHANICAL This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper every week. Every ariicle is writtten especially for it, and does not appear elsewher The Grand Army Of the Repubhc OMRADES of the Grand Army of the Republic, members of auxiliary societies, and their friends, have met again, enjoyed a week full of activity and interest, and gone home. Over 10,000 of those who fought to save the country from dis- solution and to put an end to slavery, gathered in Detroit last week at the forty—eighth national encampment. With the vetecrans were as many more friends and persons belonging to affiliated organizations, who had come to participate in the program, to look after some brave spirit who 50 years ago had responded to the call of his country, or to enjoy the many exercises and other pleasures planned for the week. They came from every part of the country, from Maine to California and Florida to Alaska, and from every 1n- tervening state. Besides the comrades of the great organization representing the ranks of those who answered the call of Lincoln in the sixties, there were the sisters of the Vv'oznen’s Re- lief Corps, the Ladies of the Grand ’Army of the Republic, the Daughters ,of Veterans, the Association of Army iNurses of the Civil War, the Sons of iVeterans and its Auxiliary, the Na- itional Association of Naval Veterans 'and the National A’sociation of Un- iion ev-Prisoneis of War. VVhile members he“: ratherng the {week previous, the 11:7. 1:: ogram con- tinued from August 31 to September 5. Each of the societies above named held separate sessions, it being the occasion for the transaction of busi- ness and the election of officers for the ensuing year. On Wednesday the great parade was held. There were fully 7,778 vet- erans of the Civil “far and one, Mr. Caldwell, of Fowlerville, veteran of the Mexican War, in line. It took OV- er two hours for the line to pass the reviewing stand, occupied by Hon. \Vashington Gardner, of Albion, Mich- igan, retiring commander-in-chief, Governor Ferris, and others The or- der 0f the departments of the sev- eral states as they marched down \Voodward avenue, was arranged ac- cording to their seniority, except the Department of Michigan, which, being the entertaining department, took its place immediately after the command- er—in-chief. the national officers, execu- tive committee and the past com- manders—in-chief. Then followed the representatives of the several states, to wit: Illinois, Wisconsin, Pennsyl- vania, Ohio, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Maine, California, Nevada, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Vermont, Potomac, Virginia, North Carolina, Maryland, Nebraska, Iowa, Indiana, Colorado, Wyoming, Kansas, Deleware, Minne- sota, Missouri, Oregon, Kentucky, West Virginia, South Dakota, Wash- ington and Alaska, Arkansas, New Mexico, Utah, Tennessee, Louisiana, Mississippi, Florida, Montana, Texas, Idaho, Arizona, Georgia, South Caro- lina Alabama, North Dakota and Ok- lahoma. After the departments of the several states came the National As- sociation of Union ex-Prisoners of War, National Association of Naval Veterans and Disabled Veterans in automobiles. It was a great event. Old soldiers raised their heads above the burden of years and quickened their step to the time of martial music. They seem- ed boys again, and the undaunted spirit that took them through one of the bloodiest struggles of history, was everywhere in evidence. The patriotic feeling stirred by the presence of the blue uniforms and the sound of the fife and drum radiated throughout the length and breadth of the city. Officials of state and city, private citizens, young and old, or- ganizations of all kinds, business places in the most remote as well as those on the busiest thoroughfares, worked together to make this en- campment one to be remembered by the boys of ’61,” and in this co-oper- ation all caught the spirit of these hoary heads, felt deeply the thrill of patriotic devotion and cheered with one accord the men of the battlefield and the flag they carried to victory. In all of the efforts put forth, the one thing that will cling longest t0 the memories of the veterans in con- nection with the occasion, is the ser- vice rendered by the Boy Scouts. Throughout the week this young army was ever busy guiding, informing, protecting and helping in a hundred ways the members of the “Old Guard.” When the soldiers arrived at the sta- tion or landed at the docks, the Boy Scouts were there to direct them to the registration booth; after they had 1egistered and learned the location of their quarters, the Scouts guided them to the street number and saw that everything was right; when out sight- The Grand Army of the Republic, Less than Review at the 48th National Encampment at Detroit. 10,000 Strong, Marching in At the Close of the Civil War 200,000 Marched Down Pennsylvania Ave- nue‘Washington, D. C. seeing in the city these same helpers were~ever on hand to give directions during the trying hours of the parade the old soldiers were supplied with coffee and water, were protected against the invasions of the people from the side-lines, or taken to the emergency hospitals if overcome by the heat, or otherwise disabled. Their’s was a service of unselfish helpfulness to the men they had grown to reverence. and to idolize. May it not be that in the service of these boys we can see the way for perpetuating the spirit of the boys who went to the front a half—century ago? Indeed, we are beginning to be- lieve that the understanding of the name “ ‘ rand Army of the Republic,” is becoming more comprehensive. In the past we have thought of it as re- ferring to an organization of the men who went forth at Lincoln’s call and saved the nation. It is all of that still, but in this day it seems to com- prehend more. As the lines of the thousands of local encampments of the Grand Army become thinned to mere. handfuls of men, or entirely ex- tinct, as the state commands dwindle to smaller and smaller numbers, in some mysterious way the organiza. tion appears to be growing. We think that in addition to its be- ing a bond of comradeship between the old veterans, it is also the part of a. great spirit, a soul that will ever keep the fires of patriotism burning. \Ve cannot think that when the last veteran has gone to answer the final roll call that the Grand Army of the Republic will be forgotten, that it will be blotted from the memory of man. Never! As Time marches on in his perfect cadence, he will see, in the passing days and years, a growing spirit mov- ing over the land. That spirit will be in communion with every heart, and if Father Time should halt but a mo- ment and whisper to a son of Ameri- ca, the query, “From whence cometh this spirit,” the answer would likely be, “I know not from whence it com— eth or whither it goeth, but it has been and will forever be, fed and sus— tained by the memory of the Grand Army of the Republic, whose deeds gave to mankind a greater freedom and a broader vision of justice and equality.” Emergency HosRitals where Nurses, were Doctors, Ambulances and Boy Scouts lways Ready for Call, were Conveniently Located. Boy Scouts Won Enviable Fame through Assisting in a Hundred Ways, the Veterans, the Ladies of the G. A. R. and all Visitors During the Week. THE MICHIGAN'FARMER'V 'sn‘r'r. 12, 19131. ' _....‘ 214—10 ‘ glllllilllllllllllll|I||IllilllIllllllllllllllllmIillIIIIIiIlmllmlHllllIL‘llmmllllllilllmllllmllliIIlmllllllIIIIflIIIIIIllflillimlimmIllllllllllilillllliHimlHillmilIlllilliiliilllIIiliilililllliliilllliillllllillmliiiifliflflg iw f h P ' ° 1nst0no t c. ralrlcg g BY HAROLD BINDLOSS. g E Copyrighted by Frederick A. Stokes Company. 5%: aIll!IllliilIIIHIHiIIIIIiIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIHIIIllllllIll|HmII|IllIlimlllllIiil||||HIIll||||III|ilil|IlIHlllIllillllllIllllI||iIIIlI|IIlliIIlmImlllIllllfllllllI|itIIIIll|ImllliIiIll|||IHIIlllIIIllillllmllillllllllllIlllilllllillllllififi CHAPTER II.—(Continued). Winston sat silent and very still again for more than a minute. He surmised that the man who made the offer had not told him all and there was more behind, but that was, after all, of no great importance. He was prepared to do a good deal for one hundred dollars, and his bare life of effort and self-denial had grown al— most unendurable. He had now noth- ing to lose, and while some impulse urged him to the venture, he felt that it was possible fate had in store for him something better than he had known in the past. In the meanwhile the cigar he held went out, and the striking of a match as Courthorne lighted another roused him suddenly from the retrospect he was sinking in- to. The bitter wind still moaned about the ranch, emphasizing its loneliness, and the cedar shingles rattled dolefully overhead, while it chanced that as Winston glanced towards the roof his eyes rested on the suspended piece of rancid pork which, with a little flour and a few potatoes, had during the last few months provided him with sustenance. it was, of course, a trifle, but it tipped the beam, as trifles often do, and the man who was tired of all it symbolized straightened himself with a little mirthless laugh. “On your word of honor there is nothing beyond the risk of a few days’ detention which can affect me?” he said. “No,” said Courthorne solemnly, knowing that he lied. “On my honor. The troopers could only question you. Is it a deal?” “Yes,” said Winston simply, stretch- ing out his hand for the roll of bills the other flung down on the table, and, while one of the contracting par- ties knew that the other would regret it bitterly, the bargain was made. Then Courthorne laughed in his us- ual indolent fashion as he said, “Well, it’s all decided, and I don’t even ask your word. Tomorrow will see the husk sloughed off and for a fortnight you’ll be Lance Courthorne. I hope you feel equal to playing the role with credit, because I wouldn’t entrust my good name to everybody.” Winston smiled dryly. “I fancy I shall,” he said, and Ion-g afterwards recalled the words. “You see, I had ambitions in my callow days, and it’s not my fault that hitherto I’ve never had a part to play.” Rancher Winston was, however, wrong in this. He had played the part of an honest man with the cour- age which had brought him to ruin, but there was now to be a difference. CHAPTER III. Trooper Shannon's Quarrel. HERE was bitter frost in the darkness outside when two young men stood talking in the stables of a little outpost lying a long ride back from the settlement in the lonely prairie. One leaned against a manger with a pipe in his hand, while the spotless, softly-gleaming harness hung up behind him showed what his occupation had been. The other stood bolt upright with lips set, and a faint grayness which betokened strong emotion showing through his tan. The lantern above them flickered in the icy draughts, and from out of the shadows beyond its light came the stamping of restless horses and the smell of prairie hay which is pungent with the odors of wild peppermint. The two lads, and they were very little more, were friends, in spite of the difference in their upbringing, for there are few distinctions between caste and caste in that country where manhood is still esteemed the great- est thing, and the primitive virtues count for more than wealth or intel- lect. Courage and endurance still com- mand respect in the new Northwest, and that both the lads possessed them was made evident by the fact that they were troopers of the North- west police, a force of splendid caval- ry whose duty it is to patrol the wil- derness at all seasons and in all weathers, under scorching sun and in blinding snow. The men who keep the peace of the prairie are taught what heat and thirst are, when the-y ride in couples through a desolate waste wherein there is only bitter water, parched by pitiless sunrays and whitened by the intolerable dust of alkali. They also discover just how much cold the hu- man frame can endure, when they lie down with only the stars above them, long leagues from the nearest outpost, in a trench scooped in the snow, and they know how near one may come to suffocation and yet live through the grass fires’ blinding smoke. It hap« pens ~v and then that tWo who have answered to the last roster in the icy darkness do not awaken when the lin- gering dawn breaks across the great white waste, and only the coyote knows their resting place, but the watch and ward is kept, and the lone- ly settler dwells as safe in the wilder- ness as he would in an English town. Trooper Shannon was an Irishman from the bush of Ontario; Trooper Payne, English, and a scion of a some. what distinguished family in the old country, but while he told nobody why he left it suddenly, nobody thought of asking him. He was known to be a. bold rider. and careful Of his beast, and that was sufficient for his com- rades and the keen-eyed Seargeant Stimson. He glanced at his compan- ion thoughtfully as he said, “She was a pretty girl. You knew her in Ontario?” Shannon’s hands trembled a little. “Sure,” he said, “Larry’s place was just a mile beyont our clearing, an' there was never a bonnier thing than Ailly Blake came out from the old country—but is it need there is for talking when ye’ve seen her? There was once I watched her smile at ye withthe black eyes that would have melted the heart out of any man. Waking and sleeping they’re with me still.” Three generations of the Shannons had hewn the lonely ciearing further into the bush of Ontario and married the daughters of the soil, but the Celt- ic strain, it was evident, had not run‘ Out yet. Payne, however, came of English stock, and spoke differently. (Continued on page 216). ilHIIIIHHIIIIIINHIIlillllllllllllllIlllllliHllllHlIiillllllllllilllllliillllilil|IIHIIiillll|IlllIllllllIIIlilIllllllillllllll|llillllllllllllililll|lllllllIllilIlll|lllllllllllIlllllliilIlllllillIlllilllllillllllllillllillillllllllllllilllllllIlllillllilll The Greatjiuropcan War. HE present European war has now been in progress about 40 days, and there are perhaps nearly' 5,000,000 men already under arms. The events leading up to this greatest struggle of history were rap- id. On June 28 Francis Ferdinand, crown prince of Austria, and his con- sort, were assassinated at Sarajevo, Bosnia, by a Servian student. Nearly a month later, July 23, Aus- tria sends an ultimatum to Servia to permit Austrians to try Servians im- plicated in the plot against the crown prince, and to suppress agitation against Austria, with a condition that reply must be made in 48 hours. The following day Russia asks that the time to Servia be extended, and on July 25 Austrian troops moved to the Serb frontier while Servia ordered the mobilization of her army. Russia 1’n\* ,. i t. / "I \_ f" L‘ -- ,/ ’h -—‘. ~’ ,z« -\ 1’ ST. PETERSBUM a u s s l A. ._f . f . w‘\. l:mn‘\:"‘:5'}3 :1 \- 3 \ H hm...-% 1““ | i‘“ I q%) I "/ “ ‘7 \ \ L \ m . t, ., m i... ere-:2. i. ’ a _ __" _- : 1...‘ 3 x \. ‘ ; -.-.;-_3:; , \ ‘ \ X ,» :x F R A N C E -.....- «’ .~ / I ‘\ “ rib. “~4 ," BERN {\.—‘\_,-.-~\‘ “gs \ v. swirzsnmp y: s.\ ~ / sari/MA f. AUSTRIA-HUNGARY \, t - J '\ N”, N ‘ - a r I 1 , a" w ; ,- . | r‘ y Ivgvd. ‘ K ( ITALY_ ‘ ‘ ‘N ’0'. A \‘W ’\ ‘ ‘1‘ \/”" 1‘) A I ROWAN‘ — K, ~~ -‘ X l ~—r—‘ . . S“ k \ \, .5 8810 "WW \ ‘ SPAIN A \\ \v\ g \) ~‘s \ I ‘ w P ruons of German! \_ ’ \ 4 / ,_, 8.3!! Austria “E, \~ \\ :k v- (\ . ULC’AR‘A ‘ _ , ,/ H : : ._—___ Occupied by Russian 30 CETINJE \ 3' \ B ,ow ~ gt / ’ \\)V a t. g 9. \ .- '/ ' ' . \ .- , -' ' ' Il;;"ll':[1‘\.DURAzz a " "‘"’"- «Q ,~: .NSTANTINQPLJ ;.'--,".:-il' Portions of Belgium 1‘ 7 ‘ -3 /' N s ./ - I ::;::::.“l‘|: 3nd Fir-tine: Ge \ I, a J (\ "1' a ) . II: "N... ccu e y rmans 1’“, , ,\ I ~. N Map Showing Countries lnvol'ved in European war and v Territory invaded by Russian and German Armies. also began the mobilization of her troops and Germany approved the ul- timatum sent Servia by Austria. On the twenty-sixth Servia made re- ply to the demands of Austria, which were not satisfactory and hostilities opened between the two countries, while German, France and Russia continued to prepare for a conflict and England got her fleet in readiness. The next day Russia stated in reply to an inquiry from Germany, that she was not mobilizing her troops, but de- declared herself firmly for Servia’s rights. On the same day Sir Edward Grey, of England, proposed a plan of mediation which was. accepted by Italy and France but Germany declin- ed to reply. Austria declared war on Servia on the twenty-eighth and Germany pro- posed that Russia remain neutral, which proposal was rejected. The war zone broadened on the frontier of Servia and Belgrade was shelled on the twenty-ninth. A final effort to settle the dispute failed and on the thirty-first Russia declared war on Austria and the next day Germany declared war on Russia. At the same time German troops in- vaded Luxemburg on a march to the French border. Italy declared her neutrality. August 2 England called out her naval reserves anr‘ planned the mobil- ization of her army. The following day German troops invaded Belgium, after which Germany sent Belgium an ultimatum demanding permission to allow troops to pass to the French frontier, which was refused, and in which England supported Belgium’s position. On the fourth England serv- ed an ultimatum on Germany demand- ing that she recognize the neutrality of Belgium upon the refusal of which England and Germany declared war on the fifth. The map on this page will indicate to the reader the relative position of the several countries involved in the present struggle. On the one side are Germany and Austria occupying the center of the map, while-Servia, Rus- sia,- France and England, with Japan in the far East, opposing. The map also shows where the fighting has thus far occurred. The ‘ reader will note that in the eastern part of Germany and in the north- eastern part of Austria, the Russians . have invaded the enemy’s territory. The invasion of Belgium‘and France by the German forces is also indicat- ed by shaded portions. SET}? 12, 1914. Getting Away from Work. lllll|Illl|IllllIllIllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll UTILIZING THE SUN’S ENERGY. BY DR. L. K. HI‘RSIIBERG, A.B., M.A., M.D. Complete success has attended the installation of the Shuman sun-power engine in Egypt, which has been car- ried out by a British company under the supervision of the inventor, as- sisted by several eminent engineers, who have suggested various improve- ments in the plant to adapt it to 10- cal conditions. The sun’s rays play upon what is called an absorber, which is a trough- like arrangement of parabolic section, fitted with mirrors. The latter are thin and are set in a light metal framework. The absorbers, disposed in rows running north and south, are made to rotate, so as to receive the solar radiation at the best angle. This movement is effected automatically by means of an ingenious electrical heliostat. In the center of the trough is the boiler. The water occupies a narrow, elongated space, and as it is evapor- ated by the heat reflected from the mirrors, and turned into steam, it as- cends into the upper cylindrical boil- er connected to the water-space. This boiler is really a long length of pipe which extends to the engine. The first plant was set up in 1911, and although it accomplished the de- signed work, it revealed certain short- comings. These were remedied, and last year an improved type was erected. The total absorbing surface is 14,400 square feet, and the maximum output of steam has been so far 1,442 pounds per hour, at a pressure of 15.8 pounds per square inch. The engines em- ployed are of the low pressure type. The solar engine was tested in con- nection with irrigation pumping, and the trials were so satisfactory that the Egyptian government ordered a further installation of 100 horsepower. Plants of this kind, however, can only be used in tropical climes, where the sun shines the whole year round, and throughout the day; but as such countries as a rule are deficient in native fuel resources, the solar engine possesses vast possibilities. In fact, it is possible to generate electricity with the heat from the sun’s rays, and to light tropical towns and cities thereby, although in this instance am- ple accumulator facilities would have' to be provided to carry the station ov- er the periods—hours of darkness—— when the solar plant could not be worked. Nest of the Meadowlark. The Meadowlark always nests upon the ground and the above photo illus-‘ trates how it takes advantage of bits of shelter, this nest having been built beneath a piece of discarded tinware. TWHHEMICHIGAN FARMER 11--215 ' Study This Car This HUDSON [Six-40 for 1915 is a car for every man to consider. Howard E. Coffin, the great HUDSON engineer, loffers this as the ideal Six. He has worked for four years on it~he and his staff of 47 expert designers. Since last year’s model they have added 31 new features. What such men call “Our finished Six” well deserves your study. over-Taxes Ended This car marks the end of excess—— in size and power, in price and weight, in upkeep and operative cost. It is large enough. There is ample room for seven. It has power enough—47 horse-power—for any possible require- ment. It weighs 2,890 pounds. Cars of this capacity, built in cruder ways, used to weigh around 4,000 pounds. By better materials and better designing we have saved that needless over- new features. one of the handsomest cars ever built. Every line and detail shows the final touch. There are many new ideas in equip— ment. There are comforts and conveni— ences found in no other car as yet. A study of this car will reveal scores of at- tractions which you haven't seen before. All for $1,550 In the new HUDSON you get all these You get them in the highest type of a quality ~ar——one of the finest examples of new-day engineering. And this year’s price is $1.550, f. o. b. Detroit. That’s $9200 less than last year, because of a trebled output. Go see What a car that price now buys. l\«’Ieasure it with other 'ars and prices. You cannot then go wrong. Hudson dealers are everywhere. New. catalog on request. weight—that heavy tax on tires. Yet there never was a sturdier car. A new-type motor re- duces fuel cost about 30 per cent. The new price—— $1,550—is by far the lowest ever quoted on a high— grade car. These things mean enor- mous savings. They mean that men no longer need to suffer over-tax. New Attractions The HUDSON Six—40 embodies these savings in H UDSON Six=40 for 19 15 $ 1 ,550 3311 ll f.o.b. Detroit A perfect streamline body. Seating up to seven. Disappearing tonneau seats. Invisible hinges—hand-bufl'ed leather upholstery. Gasoline tank in dash. Tires carried ahead of front door. “One-Man” top with quick-ad- justing curtains attached. ll Dimming searl-hlights. Simplified electric starter. \V'iring in metal conduits. Locked ignition and lights. New speedmnetcr drive. Automatic spark advance. New method earlmretion. Phaeton or roadster. Hudson Motor Car Company, 8135 Jefferson Ave., Detroit, Mich. 17.3) You Buy Genuine Service , When You Buy Rouge Rex Shoes, No. 460 You can buy some shoes for a little less AGENTS WANTED! GRAND RAPIDS - None genuine without this trade'— mark on the sole. Ask your dealer or write Dept. F for free descriptive book and dealer’s name. HIRTH- KRAUSE COMPANY Hide to Shoe Tanner: and Shoe Manufacturer: moneygbut allyou get is shoes. You don’t get service, that is, adequate service. Low qual- ity goods may cost less NOW, but how about tomorrow? No. 460 is a typical workingman's shoe made of selected Kangaroo Calif Stockl with quadruple stitched vamp; and soles, insoles, counters and heels solid leather all through. They feel good on the foot and give excellent ser- vice. MICHIGAN We want an agent for EVERY FAIR held in Michigan to solicit Big pay. Write now. Address THE MICHIGAN FARMER, DETROIT, MICH. subscriptions. 216—12 ’What users say : We constantly receive appreciative letters from users of Gargoyle Mobiloils. Below we quote from a few typical letters. Each bears on a different operating problem~ Low Cost er Mile.—“I find that the consumption is about one-hal as much per mile as any other oil I have ugd'."—From a Ford owner who uses Gargoyle Mobiloil Freedom from Carbon.——“Have run 30.000 miles and never had a valve touched nor carbon cleaned out of cylinders; engine runs perfectly and Seems good for 30,000 miles more."—-—From a Hupmobile owner who uses Gar- goyle Mobiloil “Arctic." Overheating Stopped.~”. . . \Ve are no longer troubled with overheating; the motors develop more power and run with less noise."—Operator of Kelly-Springfield and Vulcan trucks who uses Gargoyle Mobiloil “A." Hard-run Motors—“Before we adopted Gargoyle Mobiloil “Arctic” we made a thorough test of it and found it worth the difference over cheap oils. By this we mean the great mileage obtained with the highest efficiency from our motors and less carbon. This means less wear and tear on our hard-run motors."—Manager of a large taxicab company. The Lubricating Chart on the right will show which grade to use on your car. A copy of our complete Chart will be sent you on request. On request we will send a pamphlet on the Construction, Operation and Lubrication of Automobile Engines. This pamphlet describes in detail the common engine troubles and gives their causes and remedies. Stationary andPortabIe Engines and Tractors For all types of Gasoline and Oil Engines; Water cooled—Use Gargoyle Mobiloil “A" in summer; use Gar- goyle Mobiloil “Arctic" in \Vinter. Air cooled—~Use Gar- goyle Mobiloil “B" the year ’round. Tractors—Use Gargoyle Mobiloil "B" the year 'round. Mobilubrlcant—In the new patented Handy Package. The correct grease for compression cups, for‘ power-trans- mitting parts of automobiles, and for lubricating farm machinery. The spout fits the filling plug opening of the Ford, and all other cars. To expel the grease—turn the key. No dirt—no waste—no trouble. Sold in one and three-p0 und tins. A grade for ear/1 type of motor The various grades of Gargoyle Mobiloils, purified to remove free carbon. are: Gargoyle Mobiloil “A,” Gargoyle Mobiloil “B," Gargoyle Mobiloil “E," Gar- goyle Mobiloil “Arctic.” They can be secured from reliable garages, automobile supply houses, hardware stores and others who supply lubricants. ' It is safest to buy in original barrels, half-barrels and sealed five and one-gallon cans. See that the red Gargoyle, our mark of manufacture, is on the container. For information. kindly address any inquiry to our nearest office. The city address will be SllHlClCllt. THE MICHIGAN FARMERS Correct Lubrication Explanation: In the schedule. the letter opposite the car indicates the grade of Car— goyle Mobiloil that should be used. For ex- ample: ”A" means "Gargoyle Mobilol A." "Arc" means "Gargoyle Mobiloil Arctic." For all electric vehicles use Gargoyle Mobiloil ”A." The recommendations cover all models of both pleasure and commercial vehicles unless otherwise noted. m or I910 I911 19“ I91) 19M Visit 3 k k 3 An. Art. I Arc. rr "An- Art "A" A... AHA-«An- ,_ ,_ Arc.AArc.AArt.AAm.AArc. Arc.AArc.AArc.AAn:.AAn-. BAMAAR.......... B A I A A A A A A A A A A A A A .Am. A Are. A An. A An: A An. Arr mAn-An-An-An-An- m n- E A B A B A BARN: B AArv.AArc.AArc........ .....AAAArc.AA:c.AArc. .ArcAAn-An-Arrhn-AKAA B B B B B B I! B B A rrAI-r Arr n- n- n- n- Arr rrAn- Arr E 3 Archm -E E B B B B E B .AAR.AM.AAN.AA B A A An: A An...... ..... A"‘N,A Am.AArc. AAm.AArt.AAsAArc. .AAn: A AK.AAII:. AAR. n-AmAm or In ...,.....,.... AM A Arc. B A B A A A A A B B B A ... ... A An A Are. A Arc l A A" l b; ll: . I > i , >.: lli' a>. >; 3-2 h a . a>z > : .I‘ A ...w: > . . . Fl >>>3 §>>§ §n>>i wine-,1": §>§"i; > > . _ _ 3 3§§>>am§§m>§3 >§§>>§§§2>§>>>§§3 >3>>>>u>>a l’i’SiE? > i‘l Am re re I] A l) B A A A A A Arc. \rc. ArnArc fl ........ A E A E E E B ‘ (Models) .. A A Marion ..... A E A E Art. A An: mm .. A B A m. A Arc. Muwclllzc) .. E E P. E B , " . E E Arc_l|vr Arr 1: Are. Arc. " ,,.Arc,Arc Ar: lereer.'.. . A Are A Art Art. A Arc. Arc. lulrllell ..... AreAn‘. A Arc Art. A An: Art. loan (A cyl. A E rr he Aw n- n: Arc. " (6Cyl) .. ... Arc. alias-l ..... A A A A A A A A Oakland ..... 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That was, however, before one black day for Ailly and Larry Blake when Lance Courthorne also rode that way. “Yes,” said the lad from Ontario, “I was driving in for the stores when I met him in the willow bluff, an’ Courthorne pulls his divil of a black horse up with a little ugly smile on the lips of him. When I swung the wagon right across the trail. “ ‘That’s not civil, trooper,’ says he. “‘I’m wanting a word,’ said I, with the black hate choking me at the sight of him. ‘What have ye done with Ailly?” “ ‘Is it anything to you?’ says he. “‘It’s everything,’ says I. ‘And if ye will not tell me I’ll tear it out of ye.’ “Courthorne laughs a little, but I saw the divil in his eyes. ‘I don’t think you’re quite man enough,’ says he, sitting very quiet on the big black horse. ‘Anyway, I can’t tell you where she is just now because she left the dancing saloon she was in down in Montana when I last saw her.’ “I had the big whip that day, and I forgot everything as I heard the hiss of it round my shoulder. It came home across the ugly face of him, and then I flung it down and grabbed the carbine as he swung the black round with one hand fumbling in his jacket. It came out empty, an’ we sat there a moment, the two of us, Courthorne white as death, his eyes like burning coals, and the fingers of me tremb- ling on the carbine. Sorrow on the man that he hadn’t a pistol or I’d have sent the black soul of him to the divil it came from.” The lad panted, and .Payne, who had guessed at his hopeless devotion to the girl who had listened to Court- horne, made a gesture of disapproval that was tempered by sympathy. It was for her sake, he fancied, Shannon had left the Ontario clearing and fol- lowed Larry Blae to the west. “I’m glad he hadn’t, Pat,” said Payne. “What was the end of it?” “I remembered,” said the other with a groan, “remembered I was Trooper Shannon, an’ dropped the carbine into the wagon. Courthorne wheels the black horse round, an’ I saw the red line across the face of him. “‘You’ll be‘sorry for this, my lad,” says he.” “He’s a dangerous man,” Payne said, thoughtfully. “Pat, you came near being a — ass that day. Any- way, it’s time we went in, and as Lar- ry’s here I shouldn’t wonder if we saw Courthorne again before the morning.” The icy cold went through them to the bone as they left the stables, and it was a relief to enter the log- house which was heated to fustiness by the glowing stove. A lamp hung from a rough birch beam, and its un- certain radiance showed motionless figures wrapped in blankets in the bunks round the walls. Two men were, however, dressing, and one al- ready in uniform sat at a table talk. ing to another swathed in furs, who was, from his appearance, a prairie farmer. The man at the table was lean and weather-bronzed, with griz- zl'ed hair and observant eyes. They were fixed steadily upon the farmer, who knew that very little which hap- pened upon the prairie escaped the vigilance of Seargeant Stimson] “It’s straight talk you’re giving me, Larry? What do you figure on mak- ing by it?" he said- ’ SEPT. 12,1914. 2 The farmer laughed . mlrthlessly. Not much, anyway, beyond the chance of getting a bullet in me back or me best steer liftedone dark night. ’Tis not forgiving the rustlers are, and“ Courthorne ’s the divil,” he said. “But listen now, Seargeant, I’ve told ye where he is, and if ye’re not fit to cor- ral him I’ll ride him down meself.” Seargeant Stimson wrinkled his forehead. “If anybody knows what they’re after, it should be you," he said, watching the man out of the cor- ner of his eyes. “Still, I’m a little worried as to why, when you’ll get nothing for it, you’re anxious to serve the state.” The farmer clinched a big hand. “Sergeant, you that knows every- thing, will ye drive me mad—an’ to with the state!" he said. “Sure, it’s gospel I’m telling ye, an’, as you're knowing well, it’s me could tell where the boys who ride at midnight drop many a keg. Well, if ye will have your reason, it was Courthorne who put the black shame on me an’ mine.” Seargeant Stimson. nodded, for he had already suspected this. “Then,” he said dryly, “we’ll give you a chance of helping us to put the handcuffs on him. Now, because they wouldn’t risk the bridge, and the ice is not thick yet everywhere, there are just two ways they could bring the stuff across, and I figure we’d be near the, thing if we fixed on Graham’s Pool. Still, Courthorne’s no kind of fool, and just because that crossing seems the likeliest he might try the other one. You’re ready for duty, Trooper Payne?” The lad stood straight. “I can turn out in ten minutes, sir,” he said. “Then,” and Seargeant Stimson raised his voice a trifle, “you will ride at once to the rise a league out- side the settlement, and watch the Montana trail. Courthorne will prob- ably be coming over from Winston's soon after you get there, riding the big black, and you’ll keep out of sight and follow him. If he heads for Car- son’s Crossing, ride for Graham’s at a gallop, where you’ll find me with the rest. If he makes for the bridge, you will overtake him if you can and find out what he’s after. It’s quite likely he’ll tell you nothing, and you will not arrest him, but bearing in mind that every minute he spends there will be a loss to the rustlers you’ll keep him as long as you can. Trooper Shannon, you’ll ride at once to the bluff above Graham’s Pool and watch the trail. Stop any man who rides that way, and if it’s Courthorne keep him until the rest of the boys come up with me. You’ve got your duty quite straight, both of you?” The lads saluted, and went out, while the seargeant smiled a little as he glanced at the farmer and the men who were dressing. “It’s steep chances we’ll have Mr. Courthorne’s company tomorrow, boys,” he said. “Fill up the kettle, Tom, and serve out a pint of coffee. There are reasons why we shouldn't turn out too soon. We’ll saddle in an hour or so.” Two of the men went out, and the stinging blast that swept in through the door smote a smoky smear across the blinking lamp and roused a sharp- er cracking from the stove. Then one returned with the kettle and there was silence, when the fusty heat re- sumed its sway. Now and then a. tired trooper murmured in his sleep, or there was a snapping in the stove, while the icy wind moaned about the building and the kettle commenced a soft sibilation, but nobody moved or spoke. Three shadowy figures in uni- form sat just outside the light, soak— ing in the grateful warmth while they could, for they knew that they might 'spend the next night unsheltered from ‘the arctic cold of the wilderness. The seargeant sat with thoughtful eyes and wrinkled forehead, where the flickering radiance forced up his lean face and silhouetted his ’spare outline SEPT; 12; 10”. on the rough boarding behind him, and close by the farmer sucked silent- ly at his pipe, waiting with a stony calm that sprang from fierce impa- tience the reckoning with the man who had brought black shame upon him. It was about this time when Win- ston stood shivering a little with the bridle of a big black horse in his hand just outside the door of his home- stead. A valise and two thick blank- ets were strapped to the saddle, and he donned the fur cap and coat Court- horne usually wore. Courthorne him- self stood close by smiling at him sar- donically. ' “If you keep the cap down and ride with your stirrups long, as I’ve fixed them, anybody would take you for me,” saidhe. “Go straight through the settlement, and let any man you come across see you. His testimony would come in useful if Stimson tries to fix a charge on me. You know your part of the bargain. You’re to be Lance Courthorne for a fortnight from today.” “Yes,” said Winston dryly. I was equally sure of yours.” Courthorne laughed. “I’m to be Rancher Winston until tomorrow night, anyway. Don’tvworry about me. I’ll borrow those books of yours and improve my mind. Possible starvation is the only thing that threatens me, and it’s unfortunate you’ve left noth- ing to eat behind you.” Winston swung himself into the saddle, a trifle awkwardly, for Court- horne rode with longer stirrup leath- ers than he was accustomed to, then he raised one hand, and the other man laughed a little as he watched him sink into the darkness of the shadowy prairie. When the drum- ming 0f hoofs was lost in the moan- ing of the wind he strode towards the table, and taking up the lantern sur- veyed Winston’s horse thoughtfully. Then he returned to the loghouse, and presently put on Winston’s old fur coat and tattered fur cap. Had Winston seen his unpleasant smile as he did it, he would- probably have wheeled the black horse and return- ed at a gallop, but the farmer was SWeeping across the waste of whiten- ed grass at least league away by this time. Now and then a half-moon blinked down between wisps of smoky cloud, but for the most part gray dimness hung over the prairie, and the drumming of hoofs rang strident- ly through the silence. Winston knew a good horse, and had bred several of than—before a blizzard which swept the prairie killed off his finest year- lings as well as their pedigree sire— and his spirits rose as the splendid beast swung into faster stride beneath him. (Continued next week). “I Wish UNBALANCING NATURE. A curious instance of the bad result often obtained by tampering with na- ture’s balance is contained in a recent communication by an Indian official received by Consul Jas. Oliver Laing, at Karachi, to the effect that the cam- paign against tigers in several \places in India has resulted in the enormous increase of wild pigs, which are do- ing great damage to crops. The na- tive farmers are forced to watch their fields carefully at an increased ex- pense. This damage and increased expense must be taken into considera- tion in fixing the new land tax, and thus the strange situation exists that by the destruction of the tigers the farmers may be out of pocket. Inquisitive. The curate of a large and fashion- able church was endeavoring to teach the significance of white to a Sunday school class. “Why,” said he, “does a bride in- variably desire to be clothed in white at her marriage?” As no one answer- ed, he explained. “White,” said he, “stands for joy, and the wedding day is the most joyous occasion of a wo- man's life.” - A small boy queried: "Why do the men all wear black?” THE M {C H 1 CAN FARMER‘ 13—21 7 Reo the Fifth is built to render the utmost service that a car can give. It is built for men who buy cars to keep, and who want them to stay new. ' We have tested these cars, again and again, by 10,000 miles of rough night-and-day driving. In all es- sentials the cars came out practi- cally like new. With proper care this super-car should run 100,000 miles. ‘ That is due to R. E. Olds and Built Rea the Fifth $1175 Equipped his careful, costly methods. by other standards this same car would cost us $200 less. The steels we use are made to. formula. Each part has vast over- capacity. The car is built slowly, with countless tests and inspec- tions. In every detail it marks the best men know. It is the only car with the one-rod control, which every driver wants. Lower Price We have now built tens of thou- sands of these cars. We have brought the cost down until the price is $220 less than it used to be. Equipment includes mohair top, side curtainsAInd clip cover. clear vision ventilating windshield. speedom eter. non-skid tires on rear wheels. electric horn, extra rim. improved tire bracket, complete tool and tire outfit. foot and robe rail. etc. A The l 00,000L-Mile Car Now every man‘who buys a car in this class can afford this sturdy car. See the latest model. See the beautiful lines and finish. Then see the countless hidden ways in which this car excels. When you do that you will want your new car built as we build this. We have dealers in I 155 towns. Ask for name of nearest. Also for Ron Magazine which shows the reasons for supremacy. Reo Motor Car Company Lansing, Mich. Canadian Factory. St. Catharina. Ont. Canadian Price. $1575 Fall Series Streamline body Electric starter Electric light: 35 horsepower V Tires 34x4 Dimming searchlights Also roadster r Price is 50.3. Lansing ‘274) o 1".4 with the Mount Gilead Cider and Grape 'ifl“ Hand or power q 1:: i; All power presses have steel .f .7 beams and sills. We make . lfi" cider and vinegar filters, etc. ‘. . that will make you big profits, is made 4' ‘1. Juice Press. Sizes 10 to 400 bar- » r 3 rels daily. 5 2.“ . fl‘ ‘. cider evaporators. apple-but- 'l'll tor cookers, vinegar generators, ‘ ‘ l _ ‘ {Lug-5:] ,, j > ‘ Fully guaranteed. Write for catalog. We can show you how $1200 a year can be made in the cider and vinegar business. HYDRAULIC PRESS MFG. CO. ' I31 Lincoln Ave. 1. " l Mt. Gilead. Ohio [How The. features which make them leaders. as for name of the Eclipse Dealer. save fuel. time and labor. guaranteeing you satisfaction. handsomely illustrated. Send for the F ree Book T ed a y Power Where You Take your engine to the work in— stead of bringing work to engine. This outfit is the ‘ , 7', most reliable _“~. W..- on the market-W ‘ ~ ~ Write for proof. " Heer Engine Co., 45 S St.) Portsmouth 0. Ll PsE hot without heating oven—unless desir EmeSE Have many other patented exclusive He will explain the Hot-All-Over Top and also the Adjustable Damper—how they regulate heat, {lultlljllll I’ Ask him. also. about the oversize ova1 w 3.4.1.13" : Firebox. with no ”dead" corners, no . s H dirt, no waste. He ‘oins With us in . I Write us today for FREE book. Eclipse Stove Company Mansfield, RAILWAY MAIL—Clerk, Carriers. and Rural Carries- wanted. I conducted examinations—can help you. Trial examinatcu free. ()zment; 17. H... St. Louis Hot-All-Over Top Saves Heat By our exclusive top arrange- ment the fire has to pass under all six lids before escaping. This makes your fuel do double duty. Compare it with the Old Way! Note how—in the ordinary stove—- the heat skips half the top. The Eclipse Way keeps the entire to STOVES Write N Ohlo This Servlcenblo Bib Apron. Where have you ever seen such a remarkable bargain? You would expect to pay 25c equal quality. 102 .' / 9 show it here to, give lyou on who of the smashing vn uea minted in our Rn; Bargain Book. Write for u; today—now, Order Now 1 .3.“ Send 10c for one of these bib .4 aprons at our risk. Your money ‘ 4. buck If not dperfectly satisfied. Muda of gun quality blue and winto chucked gingham—very durable and laundcrs like new. cutly hound uroum the 6 gen i, With white cord. Vllus a double- ,- _ SlllA‘hl-(l waist band. ll) Y extends around the nee . ‘ llaa neat patch pocket in front. Color :fibluc and white chm-k only. by No. 25AB. We DIY nosulo. Each. only Send Today for Bargain Book of wearing apparel in new- est. stvles. ' ' -d free. Write for it. SEND SURE 'l‘()l)AY.Sat|sfaction unr- antued or your munuy uck. Don ’ t miss t_h is greutoppor- tuuity. Write -now. ll. WALKER pfr‘r'é°é'iini‘é’fl‘.' ‘37s: FARM m. Telephone lnsgggfiion Free ‘ Fully explains most . so . successfu. plan for or- a“ . ganizmg and building neighborhood tele- Iphonelmes at low cont. ow to start co-oneratlvo companies, by-laws, rules and helpful advice by ex- perts. Every telephone nun needs this useful Information “Timo~ ' -'~h-American Telephone Mfg. Co. Dent. 24, chicago,lll- lu—I. FREE BOOK ON MOTORING ‘ill' or rucumc Explains how we assist YOU in ~ “ “‘“- the Auto Business as Repairman. Chauffeur. Salesman or Auto Mo saw... a. a tale Good lalarko. Our employment plan tells how. Beware ol imitators. Let notcllyou the names of some of our students. ‘ Send for His book lo-day. '03-’15. I... School, MDithltSL. “in" Pa. Government Farmers’ Wanted7)%&‘8§¥§°fi ‘eood s‘uuy. Write OZMENT. 17-F. St. St. Louis. Mo , dawn-umuoxa- .. nin- n «w... .. .. . .. . .. w... 0 THE MICHIGAN EsaMEa SEPT. 12, 1914. “Oh, Anty Drudge, were you on this Mrs. Suburbs: late train too? I’ve worried all the way home for fearvI’ll oversleep to-morrow. I want to wash all my blankets, and I’ll have to get up before five or I won't get them done.” Anty Drudge: “If you do them my way you needn’t worry about getting up so early. I'll step around to-mor- row about nine o’clock, and show you how easily and quickly Fels—Naptha Soap will do them for you. You’ll be buying it by the box, like I do,after to-morrow.” F els-Naptha Soap makes blankets, flan- nels and woolens as soft and wooly as when new, because there is no hard rub- bing to harden them and soaking is not necessary. Clothes washed with Fels- Naptha are sweet, clean and white and last twice as long. Just soak for about thirty minutes, in cool water and Fels- Naptha, give a rub or two, rinse and hang on the line. All your housework can be done as easily and quickly. Dirt dis- appears, and grease dissolves. F els-N ap- tha cleans porcelain tubs perfectly. Buy it by the box or carton and follow the directions on the Red and Green Wrapper. ' Fels 6: 00., Philadelphia. VOIIIal] and At Home and E BETNeeay leewijere HY is it that a well-trained, obedient child is so infre- quent a sight as to call forth remark? A generation ago it was the other way about. Quiet, good- mannered children who obeyed ord- ers were the rule and lawless young- sters were the ones looked upon as rare specimens to be held up as hor- rible examples for good little kiddies to shun. Today the horrible exam- ples flourish and are unremarked, while the disciplined child is the won- der of all beholders. A hundred times as much is writ- ten today on child raising as was written for our mothers. Psycholo- gists, physicians, preachers, nurses, space writers a'nd mere mothers are rushing into print to tell us just how to bring Johnnie and Mary to the highest point of perfection. Why, then, do we fall down on the job? Because, out of all the mass of advice not one tells us that the first essen- tial is obedience, and we haven’tcom- mon sense enough to know that for ourselves. We hear a great deal about putting the child on his honor, about allow- ing him to develop naturally, about the unspeakable crime of “breaking his will,” about teaching him to gov- ern himself, about spontaniety, self- expression and other modern ideas. But we never hear much about mak- 1ing him mind, which lesson must be ilearned sometime in life and is bet- ;ter learned before the, baby is wean- !ed. In our eagerness to be up-to- idate parents we become confused and lmistake lawlessness for spontaniety, impudence for self—expression, and obstinacy for the first emotions of self-control. “‘hy should the parents of two chil- dren find invitations diminishing to absolute failure and friends imper- vious to hints? Why should their childless friends and relatives, duck inside, close doors and pull down the shades when the family group of four heaves into sight? In short, why should their children be such intoler- able nuisances that no one wants them around and the parents them- selves endure life rather than enjoy it? Why can’t children have a good time and still not be considered an infliction? Simply because their par- ents are too ignorant or too lazy to strain them. The way is simple enough, and easy in the end, if hard in the begin- ning. Common sense is the first in- gredient, really the only one, for it contains all the other requisites, pa- tience, tact, firmness, justice and per- severance. Patienee we must have, for young children are trying and there is nothing gained by our being impatient and ugly with them. They merely side-step our gusts of temper and do the same annoying thing again when the storm blows over. If bad temper and scolding accomplished anything in child-training the neigh- borhood terrors would be models, for they get most scolding. Strict enforcement of parental com- mands whenever given must be al- ways insisted upon, for in bringing up children one can never “lie down on the job.” We can not insist on obedience one day in three and make a success of discipline. But those commands must be reasonable and just. How many things, for instance, do we forbid. children to do because they The VVell-Beliaved hild. are really wrong, and how many be- cause they annoy us? If tonight you count up the number of times you have said, “Don’t,” today, you will find in 495 cases it was because the thing the child was doing “got on your nerves.” The other five “don’ts” stopped something which might have done harm. What harm is there in your boy’s climbing a tree or your small daugh- ter’s sitting down in the road? You. will tell him to stop “for fear” he will break a limb or tear his clothes, and her to get up because she will get her clothes dirty. And yet, climbing is the best possible development for your boy’s muscles, and digging in the dirt is of great benefit to your girl. You punish, not for downright dis- obedience and wrong doing, but for things which annoy you and make you more work. Two freshly—bathed, cleanly clad boys ran up a road, kicking up clouds of dust with busy feet. “I can’t understand you,” said a friend to their mother. “Now, I’d spank them for that. Here you’re just given them a bath and they go straight out and get dirty again and make you a lot more work. You nev- er do a thing to them for that, and yesterday you made them sit down 30 minutes just for walking quietly across the road.” “Yes, but yesterday I had told them not to go out of the yard,” said the mother. “They wilfully disobeyed me, so I punished them. Today they are not disobeying, nor doing anyone any harm, they are simply obeying a pure- ly natural instinct of play.” “Yes, but they are making you more work,” persisted the neighbor, “I should teach them thoughtfulness of others.” “l’d as soon spank a kitten for chas- ing its tail,” said the mother. “Little folks must play, and if the play is not destroying property or infringing on others’ rights, why punish them for it? Thoughtfulness of others can be taught in a better way than by spanking them for kicking up dirt. I like to do that yet, myself.” And there is the idea in a nut- shell. Diseern between the things which are wrong and those which merely annoy you, when you punish. Be just with your children, be firm and every day alike, and well-behaved children will be the rule rather than the exception. DEBORAH. lliHlHHIIHIHlilHlllHliHlllHlllllllllillliillllilllllHHHIHHHIIHIIlllilHllHHHiHllIliIHHHHIIHHHIllillllllllllllllliIlliiHillliiilHiHillllHlllllllllHllHlllHNIHHIIllHIIHHIHHIlHlllIHIHHHIHHIIHIHHIIIHIIHIHHHHHHI B Looking Backward TOMMIEYBAKER. Has it ever occurred to you in view- ing a well-kept front yard, where the grass is nicely clipped and the trees and flowers are arranged in perfect order, that perhaps the back part does not present so lovely an, appearance? Too many places have yards of this description; the front ornamented tastefully or otherwise, the rear quite unsightly. Let us then literally look backward for a moment, that is, back of the house, with the idea of bring- ing order out of chaos and transform- ing a spot of which we are ashamed into a “thing of beauty and joy for- ever.” W'hy not? In most households no servant is kept, and much of the time of the matron and her daughters is spent in the kitchen, which is usually at the rear of the house. Surely, then, quite as much pains should be taken with the back yard as the front. Realizing the. supreme import- ance of the theory, one good lady who dearly loved flowers succeeded in converting the barren back prem— ises into usefulness and beauty. By the high stump of an old peach tree she planted a Virginia creeper which covered it in a short time. Of fruit trees, she chose peach and plum be- cause they would grow rapidly. These Were planted several feet apart so as not to be crowded and form too dense shade. The plum trees were grouped near the fence, while the peach trees screened.the back porch from the evening sun. Under the plum trees wild violets ran riot. For. tunately they bloomed at the same time each year when there were no other flowers, so that she had white above, blue beneath. The honey bees took their impartial toll of each, a scene to gladden any heart. Directly in front of the kitchen door an unsightly pit had been filled with stones, ashes and rubbish of all kinds. A strong, wooden frame six inches high was made for this. It was filled with soft loam and rich dirt. In due season it was planted in hardy, per- ennial flowers, such as phlox, verben- ias, pinks, etc. Nasturtiums and hol- lyhoeks formed the borders. To my positive knowledge this bed of sim- ple flowers was more enjoyed than any others she had, because they were little trouble and placed where they could be seen all the time. The flow- ers were beautiful, the trees both use- ful and profitable, and yet the ex‘ pense of having them is too small to mention. " This plan developed from the crud- est of surroundings and is so flexible that some variety of it could easily be adapted to many places for both its economic and aesthetic value. The side of the vegetable garden next to the house cold be adorned with a border of flOWers. Surely we should plant our roses where the beauty and fragrance of them can lighten and brighten our work hours. Vt’hatever plan is carried out will be attended with manifold blessings, and there will be no “back yard” any more, what used to be, will be trans- formed into a paradise in which to entertain your friends. READING FOR REST. There are people still living who never read in the day-time without a feeling of guilt, a shadow from their youth when it was instilled into them that the daylight was for “work,’ and that reading, which was of the nature of a luxury rather than necessity, should be left for the comparative leisure of the evening. Many of these unhappy mortals not yet emancipated from the bondage of early training, have a vivid recollec- tion of an engraving which was popu- lar at the time their poor little minds were most sensitive to impressions. This direful picture was called “The Novel Reader,’ and represented a. kitchen in great disorder, two or three children playing in the litter of the usual kitchen furnishings of that pe- riod, and in the midst at a table half- cleared and wholly demoralized, sat I —~—-—-——~m , «m._.._._ _ . < am 12. 1914. the woman at whom the finger of scorn had directed the scathing title, “The Novel Reader." Serene and un- conscious of her surroundings, she was far away with the joys and sor- rows of some presumably beguiling heroine, while her children sufiered for maternal care and the cate ate up the cream. Her closets and corners might not bear critical inspection, but surely in them lurked no invisible but mighty foe to domestic peace, called by mod< erns, nervous prostration. Moreover, this dangerous “taste for reading” does not allow other alterna- tions than the one indicated above. A certain old lady used to say that when she wanted to do something very much, she never waited until she got a convenient edge of time, but she always took it “right out of the mid‘ dle.” And there is much to be said in favor of the old lady’s method, and for one thing there is gained a special sense of rest and refreshment when, breathless with strenuous labor, we boldly snatch for our roses or our'fav- orite author, a half-hour “right out of the middle.” HOW TO SWEEP. BY OLIVE RICHEY. How many women really now how to handle a broom? It is safe to say that the number of women who really know the correct art of sweeping is very small indeed. Before beginning the broom should be dipped into hot soapsuds. Squeeze out the water, leaving the broom damp, but not dripping. This prac- tice not only makes it easier to sweep but toughens the straw of the broom, and makes it soft so there is little danger of cutting the carpet. Before beginning work, a pailful of hot soap- suds should be in readiness in which- to rinse the broom when it becomes dusty. To keep down dust, it is well to soak a newspaper and after squeezing out all the water possible, tear it into small pieces and scatter over the car- pet. Or, if preferred, sprinkle the carpet with moist tea leaves, or clean moist sawdust. Begin work in a corner and work along the walls, around the room, gradually sweeping all the dirt to- ward the center, where it should be taken up with dust brush and pan. It is apparent that this method moves the dirt over the smallest possible space, and as a result, there will be less dusting to do. The wear on the carpet will not be nearly so great as it is where the dirt is swept from room to room as is often done. A skilled sweeper can sweep a room without raising scarcely any dust. The handle of the broom should never come to the perpendicular, but should always be inclined slightly for. ward. The sweeper stands on the un- swept portion of the carpet and reach- es back and draws the broom forward. The broom is lifted from the carpet for another stroke before it reaches the perpendicular. That cloud of dust that you noticed coming out of your neighbor’s door was caused by the sweeper using the broom with the handle inclined backward. By learn- ing to sweep with the handle of the broom inclined forward, one can do better work, and will raise very little dust Broom straw is hard and brittle and easily broken. Before using a new broom, it should be soaked in water for half an hour or so, after which it should be hung out in the open air to dry. This will soften the straw so one can sweep without danger of the hard straws cutting the fine threads of the carpet. When not in use the broom should be hung upside down to prevent the straws from adhering to one another. When hung upside down the broom will retain» its shape. » A new broom does good work be- THE "MICHIGAN FARMER cause it is square and the straws are straight. Hence, in sweeping, it is well to sweep with one side a while and then with the other. If there is any tendency of the broom to become one-sided, it is a certain indication that one side of the broom has been used more than the other. By keeping the broom square as good work can be done with an old broom as can be done with a new one. HOME QUERIES. Household Editorz—We are very fond of cucumbers sliced in vinegar. Could they be canned for winter use —~Cook. One farmer’s wife cans them suc cessfully. She pares and slices the cucumbers, soaks two hours in salt water as for the table, then puts on the stove in scalding vinegar, just brings to the boil and seals in pint cans. In the winter she pours off the vinegar, empties the cucumbers in a salad bowl, slices in an onion and pours on a half-cup of thin cream. The onion may be omitted. Of course, the cucumbers are wilted some. They are about like those left over night in the Vinegar in summer. Household Editor1—How can I use wild grapes?—E. Z. Grape catsup is easily made. Cover the grapes, which have been picked from the stems and washed, with vin- egar and cook until soft. Then put through colander or strainer, add one cup of sugar, one tablespoon ground cinnamon, one teaspoon of ground cloves and one-fourth teaspoon of cay- enne pepper for every two quarts of grapes. Cook until thick and bottle. Household Editorz—Will you please publish in your valuable paper,, some recipes for making apple catsup and cucumbers put up with raisins?— Mrs. T. F. R. Has any reader these recipes? Household Editor:—-Will someone please send me a recipe for blackber- ry wine through the Michigan Farm- er'I—Mrs. F Extract the juice from the berries by squeezing through a jelly bag. Then for every three quarts of juice add one and a half pounds of brown sugar. Put in a large jar, cover with a thin cheesecloth to exclude dust and let standsex weeks in the open air. Pour off the liquid carefully from the settlings, strain through two thicknesses of cheesecloth and bottle. SHORT CUTS TO HOUSEKEEPING. The Care of Fat—An economical cook is sure to prize her dripping-jar, for if this is well cared for her lard bill is greatly reduced. Then, again, for frying and many other cooking methods, it is not only more whole- some, but imparts a more palatable flavor to the food than lard. Two jars should be used for this purpose, one for the accumulations of drip- pings to be clarified, and the other for clarified fat. By drippings is meant the grease from roasts, ham, bacon, sausage, suet and other meat trim- mings, and the fat skimmed from meat liquors. It goes Without saying that both of these jars should be fre- quently scalded and aired. Once a week is often enough in cold weather to clarify drippings. To do this, first melt all the trimmings, then add the other accumulations. Put all in a deep kettle, cover well with boiling water, add a heaping teaspoonful of salt, and boil for a few minutes. Then stand aside until cold. Remove the cake of fat that forms on top, scrape all sedimefnt from the bottom, and again place on fire with boiling water to cover. Cook ten minutes, set aside until cold, and remove cake of fat as before. This time, however, after scraping off the sediment, melt the fat on a frying pan, and strain through a muslin cloth into the jar used for clarified fat. This may sound rather tedious, but the testimony of many who have long adopted this method will bear witness that it is well worth the time spent—Mrs. S. i 15-219 SANITARY WARMING CLOSE“. PAT. APP. FOR- Good cooking made easy! RIIIRVOIR LIFTS OFF ' AND ON Good cooking depends as much on the n" “ " ran e as on our skill. A chea range or WASH g y p worn out stove makes cooking uncertain; andoften spoils yourbest efforts. Is that fair to you, or to your family, whose health and good humor are effected by what you serve? The Majestic makes ood cooking easy and sure. ads of charcoal iron and malle- able iron: it stands rust and wear three times as long as rangesmadeofordinaryrange metals. Put to gether with cold-rivets that keep the joints absolutely tight always. (no putty used.) Lined with extra heavy pure asbestos that holds in the heat and reflects it onto oven. Scientifically designed to maintain uniform tempera- ture with least use of fuel; and to circulate heat evenly ‘ Ito all parts of oven. You never have to ‘turn the baking" in aMajestic. The cost of a Majestic, in service. is less than that. of any ordinary range. The fuel, repairs and work it saves and the years longer that It lasts, more than offset its little extra cost. flush with stove top have aluminum lidsJ If you realized how much the Majestic reduces the work and worry of cooking, you would Gre at. get one now. Find outl If you don‘t know M8 . Sth J the Majestic dealer near you, ask us. (There > . ' f4 St he ). W ' "‘f Malleable and Charcoal Iron gym? 5133:3333. Oexglaifimsg warm; Range Majestic points of superiority. Majestic Mfg. Co.. Dopt.2| St. Louis, Mo. ' Pin-EXTENSION WATER FRONT ONTHIS RANGE HEATS A THIRD MORE WATER THAN ANY OTHER Boll-IR. [Thelbgallon all copper re s e rv o i r heats water as quickly as a kettle on a stove top; oven door lowers onto heavy braces: oven rack stays level, under load. when pulled out. Reservoirs (Off! 011 ,im .9: ~ aIi‘ty— many styles and sizes, with or without legs) == . E E N TOYOU! upholsteredEnglisliRocker. It COST. will be yours without cost, if you buy from us, the manufacturers, at store prices, our guaranteed “Satisfaction -—or Your Money Back” home supplies. . - 7'. You can buy in small quantities, as you now buy at stores. All you need do is “UST JOIN A LARKIN CLUB” the profit on a few weeks’ home supplies We want to give you this massive beautifully and order the foods. soaps, toilet... kitchen- supplies, etc.. you now buy. Spend only the bought direct from us. There are Larkin money you now spend. With each order Clubs in your neighborhood. You can you secure to yourself, the profit you now join. Our Catalog tells how. give to middlemen. This lovely Rocker is NEW CATALOG FREE It tells how to join a Larkin Club; it shows - - - -' —- - — our 700 Products, and our many hundred r Premiums given with the Products. Fill W Ca: Send your free CatalogNo. out and mail the (Zoupon now. it shows I 812 with particulars of the Club-of-Ten. how to double the buying power of your housekeeping money. Mail the Coupon I Name ................. . ....... ' 3 NOW. ’ LHZ’A‘Iyfl Ca, Address............................. Buffalo Peoria I 1‘ C2 Chicago ‘ " ' llllllllllllllll Cllo lllll III-DI. \\ \\\\“. ' W- Waves You can pick out an acetylene : lighted farm as far as you can see it. The light streaming from the windows will be white and inde- scribably beautiful —- the big round lights in the barns will be m GRAY onuns wonderfully brilliant. (10 in and look them over at. close range. wrmsw: “nos You Will, in most cases, find all the fixtures” equipped to light up with the pull of a slender chain— without matches — just like electric lights. 'l‘he cheerful housewife in every one of these acetylene lighted homes will tell you that her lights have banished forever the gloom of kerosene lamps, and all the labor and drudgery their use entailed. She will tell you also of the delights of cooking on an acetylene range in a cool kitchen —with no bother of kindling. coal. ashes or soot. There are now no less than a quarter of a million families using home-made acetylene for both lighting and cooking. In every case the gas producing stone - UNION CARBIDE — is ordered direct from the nearest of our warehouses. located all over the country. In the drums in which we ship UNION CARBins: it is as safe to store and handle as common coal. It won’t burn and can’t explode. The little machines which automatically release the gas from the Carbide are called acetylene generators. The newer models are on ‘londerfully Simple and perfectly reliable -—they work with no attention other than filling once a month. We will be glad to mull our advertising literature which we are our will fln ' intensely Interesting. Address 9 you a 4N2té(l“ISt' BuRilelgg-' Peoples Gas Bldg. Union Carbide Sales Company, Dept. 13, cmcmo, m" lease state that ichigan Farmer. When Writing to advertisers you saw their ad. in The 220—16 lllllllllllllllllllllllHlllllllllllllllj l ”7'? THE MI’C'HIGANLF'ARMER Farm Staples Sold by Auction. OUTHERN farmers by pooling their cotton and selling it on ad- vertised days in the county seat or the largest and most accessible market town in the county, often re- ceive an average of two cents a pound more for it than if they sold it indi- vidually and independently of each other. By selling five, six or eight thousand bales on one day they give buyers a chance to buy more cotton on that day than they could probably buy in a month by visiting small tOWns in their territory, or going out to farms and country towns. Such a buyer might run up an ex- pense account of a thousand dollars a month in visting these different places, buying small quantities of cot- ton, counting railroad fare, hotel bills, telegrams, time consumed in making the trips, and the possible loss of oth— er business by virtue of his being out of the office at headquarters so much of the time. He will therefore pay a. better price for cotton when bought in large quantities, especially as he is bidding against probably dozens of other keen buyers from a distance, who have been notified of the date of sale. Sheepmen in many counties in the south, west and elsewhere pool their wool clips and sell it in bulk on cer- tain days, realizing considerably more than they would if it were sold by each grower individually. Recently the wool clip of Harrison county, Ken- tucky, was sold at Cynthiana, for two cents a pound more than it had ever brought before, because it had been pooled. lmproves the Marketing of Perishable Crops. Many associations of strawberry growers have been built up, and strawberry growing has been given a tremendous impetus in many counties because the growers have handed themselves together for the purpose of improving the grade of the berries and selling them in bulk through bus- iness agents. All this has made for better prices, better grades, better culture, standard packages and better and more expeditious handling of the crop through live, efficient agents who look after the many details of ship- ping and selling which insure the sat- isfaction of both producers and buy- ers. By the establishment of canning factories in such districts better grades of fresh berries may be put on the market and better prices received for them, as the small or second—class berries may be culled out and canned. These will bring a good price the fol- lowing winter, and will be as good canned as larger berries. Products More Easily Handled. Strawberries, peaches, tomatoes and other perishable produce must be sold quickly when ready for market, but there are many different kinds of pro- duce which may be pooled and kept until certain sale days, such as beans, peas, cabbage, potatoes, onions, ap- ples, popcorn, broom corn, wool, hides, feathers, live poultry, tobacco, flax and fiaxseed, sunflower, alfalfa and sorgh- um seed, peanuts, sweet potatoes, hon- ey and other kinds of produce which are considered unimportant when sold in small quantities independently by the individual farmer, but which will be important as to quantity when 400 or 500 farmers pool the produce and sell it together. There should be associations of farmers in every county in the United States for holding such sales. And several different kinds of produce might be sold on the same day. Thus sweet potatoes, white potatoes and on- ions could be sold on the same days in September or October, wool, hides, feathers and live poultry on the same day, cabbage and winter apples on the same day, popcorn, beans, peas and peanuts on the same day. Advantages are Several. By giving due notice to all buyers in your territory who deal in the dif- ferent classes of produce you should have a large number of buyers pres- ent, and if your stuff is well graded and offered for sale in large quantities you will certainly attract big buyers, and should receive better prices than if you sold a small quantity of it to a local buyer with limited facilities for handling the produce, with limited capital and with a limited knowledge of the wholesale prices the stuff is bringing. These people are usually not keen buyers anyway, and do not pay top prices. It is only when you get big buyers from a distance together, bid- ding against each other on first-class FrilllllllllllllllllllllllHlHHlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllll|lllIllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllIllllIlllllllllllIlllllllIlllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfl ACI DlTY A FACTOR lN DETERM IN- Farm Commerce. lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllll|lllllllllllli|llllllll|||Illllllllll|lllllllllllllIll|llIllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIIlllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllfl ING SOUNDNESS OF CORN. That the acidity of field corn is an important factor in determining. its degree of soundness is the conclusion drawn from extensive experiments re. ported by the Department of Agricul- ture. The summary being as follows: (1) All corn, unless in a state of putrefaction, contains acid reacting substances which impart to the corn a certain degree of acidity. (2) There is a great variation in the degree of acidity of corn, ranging from nine or ten 0. c. to over 100 c. c. The degree of acidity can be deter- mined by the acid test to within 0.5 c. c. (3) The source of corn acidity is mostly in the germ. The source of increase in the degree of acidity is al- most entirely in the germ. (4) All corn judged damaged by the eye is higher in degree of acidity than corn judged sound by the eye. (5) In a general way the degree of acidity of corn varies inversely with the germinative power. (6) The degree of acidity of corn increases directly with the percentage of damaged kernels as determined by mechanical analyses. (7) The degree of acidity of corn is greatly increased by the action of fer- mentation and high temperature. (8) Throughout the year, from har- No Other Animal is Superior to the Hog as a Machine for Converting the Waste Food About the Farm into Valuable Meat. produce in large quantities, that you are assured of getting what your stuff is worth. You will be treated with greater consideration by these buyers if you have pooled your produce than if a buyer is bargaining with individ- ual farmers. Gives the Big Buyer a Chance. The big buyer from a distance, with large means, is more apt to give you better prices for your stuff than the small local dealer, for he is generally better posted on what the commodity will bring ultimately in the great wholesale markets of the world. Knowing the market better he is will- ing to “take a plunge,” to back his judgment and pay the producer a fair price, while small local buyers, with limited capital, are often afraid to risk their judgment and pay the producer what his stuff is worth. They must of necessity stay on the right side of the market and make sure of their profit, for they cannot afford to lose money. They are apt to reason that being local buyers and always there on the ground, they will have chances at different times to buy small quan- tities of the produce at a price more favorable to themselves, while the big buyer who has probably come a hun- dred miles to the sale, will be suffi- ciently keen to get the stuff that he will pay a better price for it. I have seen this proven too many times to be mistaken. I. H. MOTES. vest to harvest, there is a gradual in- crease in the degree of acidity and a corresponding decrease in the per centage of germination of corn ar- riving at terminal markets. (9) \Vith respect to quality and soundness, the degree of acidity of corn is commensurate with the com- mercial grading at terminal markets. (10) The degree of acidity of corn is a criterion of soundness and of quality. (11) From the standpoint of com- mercial grading, corn with a degree of acidity less than 22 c. c. is normally sound and of good commercial qual- ity; corn with a degree of acidity be- tween 22 and 26 c. c. is somewhat in- ferior in quality and soundness, due to deterioration of the germ; corn with a degree of acidity between 26 and 30 c. c. evidences mared deterior- ation and is unsound; and corn with a degree of acidity greater than 30 c. c. is badly damaged and should be considered, from a commercial stand- point, as sample—grade corn. BIG CROPS AND THE FARMER. So far as the farmer is concerned it cannot be said that big crops are an unmixed benefit—certainly not when prices are seriously depressed. 'When crops are abundant, wages are usually higher; the cost of harvesting is considerably greater and when the SEPT. 12. 1914. .J accounts are figured the net return. are relatively small. For example: When the yield of Wheat is 15 bushels an acre and the price $1.00 per bush~ el, the gross receipts aggregate $15.00. With a 20 bushel yield and the price 80 cents per bushel, the sum is $16.00, just a dollar in favor of the larger yield, but when we consider the extra cost in harvesting, the difference would nearly, if not entirely, be wip- ed out. But, the critics say: If the yield was 30 bushels instead of 20 there would have been a difference of $9.00 in favor of the increased yield. Yes, and it means a whole lot of ex- tra expense for fertilizer and labor of preparation, for to raise 30 bushels of wheat to the acre on most soils de- mands a considerable outlay of time and money, and if the results are met by much lower prices it is evident that the advantage will be mostly wiped out. There is not much foundation for the prevailing opinion that prices are controlled by cliques and combina- tions and to rail at these imaginary organizations is a waste of wind. What really hurts the producer more than any other influence is the busy gossiping of the commercial press and of other interested parties to the ef- ,fect that there is an extraordinary yield when perhaps it is little, if any, above the average. These fictitious reports often induce farmers to hurry their product to market when they otherwise Wouldn’t. They are the vic- tims of gossip. Perhaps they can counteract this evil by establishing a. bureau, of their own whence they could obtain the most reliable reports. We know that the present year is considered a record breaker for the wheat crop, but we do not know whether it really is or not. Certain it is that the reports are so conflicting that there is too much doubt to be lightly passed over. I would not discourage the raising of good crops, but they must not be considered a panacea for all ills, and if they bring low prices it should either suggest the curtailment of pro- duction or the plan of holding crops until there is a better market. This is the logical way and about the only one to be seriously considered. In face of the great European war, it may be a good time to wait before selling! Who knows? Ohio. H. E. WHITE. LIVE STOCK NEWS. ‘ Feeder cattle market is being more liberally supplied with thin stock than earlier this season and there is broad- er demand springing up from feeders in Michigan, Indiana and Ohio. In those states the drought wreckage to pastures and corn was not as se. vere as in Illinois, Iowa and parts of Missouri and it is the latter states which are shipping freely of thin stock now. South Dakota and Minne- sota, however, are now cutting loose with feeder stuff. A trainload of Matador Land & Cat- tle Company steers from South Da- kota, sold in Chicago recently at an average of $105 per head, establishing a new record for Texas raised range steers from the northwest. Frank B. McClain, the live stock oracle of Lancaster county, Pa., ad- monishes his neighbors to raise more hogs and his advice would seem to be applicable elsewhere. He says: “The present price of hogs suggests that Lancaster farmers, at the present prices, or even less, can raise hogs at a good profit. When hogs were only selling for five and six cents per pound this could not be done, but when hogs are selling at ten cents a pound, live weight, or even nine cents, they can be raised in Lancaster coun- ty or elsewhere and put the red ink on the right side of the balance sheet. Why more of our people don’t turn to this industry is just as about as in- explicable as why each farmer doesn’t raise a few calves each year. The fact that their grandfathers didn’t do it is no argument why the present tenants of our fertile lands should not if their object in farming is to make money.” Subscribe for the Michigan Farmer to May 1, 1915, for only 25,cents. This is ,for new subscribers only. M‘... ~———~— ~— sugg, i2, 1914.7 REGARDING THE APPLE MARKET. Opinions regarding the size of our apple crop appear to be conflicting, and largely because of this growers and buyers do not seem to be able to establish what might be termed a standard price for the season, as is the case in most years. Naturally, buyers are publishing reports that ‘ tend to show a large yield, while sell- ers are as earnestly talking of those sections of the country where the ‘ crop is a failure. The federal government estimates the yield of this year at 70,000,000 barrels, as compared with 62,000,000 barrels in 1913, 78,000,000 barrels in 1912, and 71,000,000 barrels in 1911. If the four years 1911 to 1914 inclu- sive, are taken together and an aver- age made, it will be seen that, accord- ing to the government estimates, the crop for this year will run a little below the average. The government figures are probably as near correct as any we can get, they being secur- ed through unprejudiced sources. From them it would apear that grow- ers and buyers ought to get together on prices that would give the former a fair margin of profit, but it seems that thus far they have been unable to do so in a general way. Buyers are offering a number of excuses for not taking hold of the market. One of these excuses is that consumption is restricted. They con- tend that with'staple foods like flour, sugar and meat advancing that the consuming public is less able to buy apples. This argument, however, would be just as strong and reason- able if put the other way, that is, that when other foods are high and apples low, that a larger consumption of apples would naturally be made. Another argument is that foreign trade has practically been cut off, and the amount usually exported will have to be used in this country. We observe, however, in bringing in re- ports, that some apples already sent to England are bringing satisfactory prices, and that boats are ready to take cargoes at slightly advanced rates, so that through the year no doubt a fair proportion of the usual exports will be made. It can be fur- ther stated that the size of the export trade is comparatively small when considered in connection with our to- tal crop. Even a prominent produce trade paper in a recent editorial, ridi- culed the idea of buyers laying so much importance upon the amount of fruit exported to Europe as a factor in determining prices on this side this year. Another reason for bearing the trade is that money is difficult to se« cure. This reason is not emphasized so much as the others, although we presume that it is actually more de- termining with many buyers than the other factors. To good houses, the chief difference this would make is that a higher rate of interest is re- quired to be paid than usual, which item ought to be easily measured and adjusted in price settlements. We surmise that obstruction in the way of providing funds is the real reason why so many buyers are talking that they will permit the growers to spec- ulate in the storage business this year. The other argument used is the large crop. It is pointed out in a par- agraph above that the present crop is -not the unusual one that it is claimed to be. To be sure, there are localities where the yields will be large, but these are counter-balanced by many other localities where scarce. While growers cannot expect the prices they received in 1913, they ought to get a quotation that would give them at least a small profit on this year’s crop. . Actual prices of sales that have come to our attention for No. 1 stock range from $2.00 to $3.00 per barrel, delivered at the local station. Some buyers are trying to secure the fruit apples are H THIE,.MI,c,H.I,G,AN. FARM ER for $1.50 ‘and even less, while some of our growers are asking as high as $3.50 and $4.00, and in one instance a price of $4.50 has been set, the latter prices being, however, for apples de- livered at the market center. This all goes to show that the buyer and the seller are far apart 'in their idea of prices, and we suspect that the situ- ation will speak loud- to the growers for the establishment of co-operative selling agencies. Finally, it should be noted that the retailers in our large cities seem to be doing much toward restricting the consumption of apples. This is ac- complished by holding the retail price for apples too high. Recent investi- gation showed that in a large number of instances apples that Were sold by the commission man at $3.50 per bar- rel went out of the retail stores in small quantities at the rate of $7.00 and more per barrel. This wide margin seems to be unwarranted, and ought to furnish a theme for public discus- sion and possibly action. Wayne Co. A. H. IllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IlllllllllllllHlllllllllllllllllllllll Crop and_Ma§et Notes. Michigan. Arenac Co., Sept. 4.—Corn is fine and is being cut; potatoes fair; on- ions good and beans about half a crop; apples scarce. Lots of fall wheat will be sown. A good deal of live stock being kept for higher pric- es. Beans $2.25 per bu; apples 500; potatoes 300; eggs 17c; butter 200; hay $10@13 per ton; wheat 950 per bu; oats, new 440. Hillsdale Co., Aug. 29.——About the usual number of hogs here, but less sheep and cattle. no apples, peaches or plums; some grapes. Corn a good crop; potatoes fair. Hogs $8.50@8.75 per cwt; cattle $4@8; sheep $4@ 6.50; lambs $5@7; hay $8@12 per ton; wheat $1.04; oats 350; eggs 23c; butter 20@300. Have just had a fine rain and everything looks prosperous. Corn will need three or four weeks of good weather. Shiawassee Co., Aug. 29.—VVe are having fine weather for corn and clo- ver seed, and they look fine. Beans are not looking very good; rust has struck most of pieces. The' outlook now is for a large acreage of wheat being sowed. Wheat is yielding from 30 to 40 bushels per acre; oats 30 to 40 bushels. The army worm hurt the oats through here. Hay was a nice crop and lots of: buyers around al- ready, trying to buy. Lots of apples; not many hogs or cattle around here. Wheat $1.10; oats 44c; beans $2.40; hogs 890. New York. Genesee Co., Aug. 24.—A severe drouth of about three months dura- tion has just been broken. Too late for rain to help some of the crops, while others will be greatly benefited. Corn, early potatoes, beans and onions suffered much for lack of moisture. There is no clover seed. Much wheat ground has been plowed. Yield of wheat 25 to 45 bushels; oats 35 to 50 bushels; hay one to one-and a half tons. Farmers are working more and more into live stock. Apples prom- ise to be a good crop and prizes will rule low. Buter 28@32c; pork 11c; hogs 8c; fresh eggs 250; spring chick- ens 18c per 1b; fowls 13c; lambs 150; new wheat 95c; oats 450; beans $2.50 @325; loose hay $11@13 per ton. Ohio. Sandusky Co., Aug. 26,—Fine weath- er has favored plowing for wheat, which will be a large acreage. Wheat is averaging about 20 bushels; and is of fine quality. Oats are making about 35 bushels per acre. COI‘l is above the average and about matured. The spring clover seeding is a poor stand. A small crop of clover seed. Pota- toes are doing well. Hogs to be fin- 1shed on new corn are not a full crop. Not many cattle will be fed. Farm- ers are watching the grain market in- stead of feeding stock. Business among farmers is dull, they are wait- ing to see what the war will be. Hay is slow at $12 per ton; wheat $1; oats 42c; potatoes $1; eggs 210; young chickens 150; old 120. Kansas. Finney Co., hug. 26.—Crops are very good in this county this year. ay was never so good a yield; pota- toes, corn and wheat are good and of good quality. Wheat making from 15 to 25 bushels per acre; grass is good and cattle fat; water is plenti- ful, too. Plums and grapes are very plentiful, but apples are scarce and high. Butter 300; cream 220; corn chop $1.75 per cwt; tomatoes 3c lb; grapes 3%0 lb; apples 4c lb. Is is very dry here. Dickinson Co., Aug. 25.—Hot winds and a spell_of dry weather did con- (Contmued on page 223). style and faultless fit. But above all, the farmer constant satisfaction. a positive feature. quality and service in his clothing, a dependability consisting of long wear and “Tie Bast Median: price .Cloflllng in the United Statg“ Fills the farmer's demand first In quality by offering only pure wool fabrics and next In service with its hand tailored workmanship that makes long wear No other clothing sold at medium prices can surpass it and the Makers: guarantee to replace any garment found defective In material or workmanship with a satisfactory one makes it the safest clothing on earth to buy Sold by All Good Clothing Dealers in the State of Michigan HERMAN MAill/EMILIE. & C0. BUFFALO, N Y. l7s—221 THE GREAT AMERICAN FARMER Casts aside his overalls when his day's work is done and spends his leisure hours dressed up in clothing of becoming demands NEW YORK, N. Y. Hundreds of satisfied Eponge—as 16 to 44. ' This Dress illustrated—~with collar of silk, yoke of lace, braid bound waist, skirt with long tunic effect. Comes in Navy, Copenhagen and Black. Many other models of equal merit, made of fine Serge, all sizes from 177-179-181 Woodward Ave., Detroit. customers have put their stamp of approval on these wonderful wool dresses. Take for example the dress of Wool $5 (Special attention given to mail orders. We pay postage.) 'Farms and Farm Lands For Sale FARMS FOR SALE élnfiiifilisan‘flé’ifitvyefi.iii? Particulars from M. M. PRESCOTT, Millville, N. J. FOR SALE—In whole or part, 320 acre southern Michigan farm. Good soil, buildings and fences. Immediate possession. 0. S. SCHAIRER, 214 Dewey Ave” Swisevalo, Pa. ' ' ‘ —2’70 acres for 86.500. Michigan Farm Bargain All good tillnble land within half mile of depot, school and church. . 8. Armour, Michigan Trust. Bldg., Grand Rapids. Mich. DELAWARE FARMS Fruit, live stock, alfalfa. Best. land near best. markets. Address. State Board of Agriculture, Dover, Delaware, all together or part, finest. For sale by owner! level, well improved farm in Georgia. Close town, Fine water. Good health. Prices and terms right. J. I. DAVIS. Nashville, Ga. MICHIGAN FARMING LANDS Near Saginaw and Bay City. in Gladwin and Midland Counties. Low prices: Easy terms: Cleartitle. Write for maps and particulars S'I‘AFFFILD BROTHERS, 15 Merrill Building. Saginaw. (W. 8.). Michigan. -—The State for Thriftyli‘arners. Delightful.healthy climate. (lood Land, Reasonable Prices. Close to big markets of large cities of the East. Send for free desorip‘ive finmnhlet with map. STATE BUREAU OF IMMIG ATION. Hofl'man Bldg. Baltimore. Md. A fine farm of 160 acres in Ingham ' County. Michigan. 5 miles east of the city of Mason, will be sold at Public Sale on said premises by admin- istrator, ursnant to order of Probate 0 County. diam. 26th,1914. 30 acres of fine Hugger: 2:15:21: 0. W. CLARK. MERRITT HICKS. Administrator. Auctioneer: Business address, Dansville. Mich. Flllll FOR SALE—Lass ”“3 ”flu?” wt?" Condensary milk route, R. 15'. mwand taleplilogrio 2;; flags tfiiflfigt. town andi hiirzh school. etc. etc. W per .. .iz .VacresJonn t b f ... JOHN ousn'rou. owner. h. Ng.i gillsdtle?lmh. in Gladwin 630 Acre Stock Ranc 0.0.. n t ,, . > ‘ Mich, all fenced with heavy :>2 inch woven wire fence and good substantial cedar )osts. This tract. of land is especially desirable for stoe raising, or would be excellent for mixed farming or both. Will divide nicely into 4 farms for the boys. The Meridian Trunk Line Highway passes on west line of this land. which in itself is a grand'feature. The west. branch of the l ittahawassee River runs through the land furnishing abundance of pure fresh water. There is abundance of grass which has maintained large numbers of 0 title during the grazing season. making handsome profits 'for their owners. If you are looking for something to make a fine farm and home for yourself and boys. here you have it. If interested come and see this land for )curself. Camp out on it. look the 0:“!!!th over thoroughlit'i. and if convinced that. the zi‘mve es "l'lpl’lnn is over rawn in any shape or manure ’JELI. Mk. U. G. REYNOLDS. Gladwin. Michigan. 163 Acre Farm $3400 Crops, Stock and Tools Included Wonderful New York State farm bar ain: cuts 40f. 50 tons hay with ‘25 acres in other cropssfields slightly) rolling. rich. easily worked; pasture for 30 cows, 25 acres wood. llOOsugar maples, abundant fruit, excellent water; 2-story 11~room house. 3 barns, other bulldinga‘ ni'ar neighbors. school, church, stores. creamery. etc; owner has made money. wants to retire: nick buyer gots pair horses. 9 cows. 3 heifers, hens. ogs, dairy utenmls. wagons, machinery, tools, 10 cords fitted wood. ull hay. grain and. crops. only $1500 cash. balance glfi)’ ternésg fntll' detagla, etc... page 1, “Big Special Fall ‘argaln ee . ’ ins out, cop free. E. A. 8TB [7 1‘ ARM AGENCY, Station 101. {Union Bank Building. Pittsburg, Pa. I The De artment of -801ls of . A. 0. re- Dorta that the roots . o: a maximum crop 0 red clover in one acre of ground contains as much nitrogen as would be addedto the sail by an application of 7 wnfi of barnyard manure. If the soil contains acid I maximum crop of olover can be grown. Our Pulvorlzsd Limo “one will remove acidity from the soil. carbonates. Write us for prices delivered at the nearest railroad station, GUS. F. SMITH. CO . Inc., Detroit. Mich. “Saw your ad. in the Michigan JuSt Shy Farmer" when writing advertisers .mm—~mw«m-p~-nmw.mw n... ....-. a-.- .,._.__.. . . . 222-18 THE MICHIGAN FARMER , SEPT. 12. 1914. IE.llIIIlIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIllIIIllIIIIIIIIIIlIIIlIIIIIIIIlIIlI|IIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIE] Markets. 5 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIlIlIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIII GRAINS AND SEEDS. September 8, 1914. Wheat—The wheat market has been extremely unsettled the past week, prices fluctuating greatly. How- ever, the price level is considerably above that of a week ago. On Tues- day of this week there was a reac- tion from the high values of last Fri- day. This was the result of profit taking by speculators, and does not reflect any bearish sentiment in the market. The Missouri crop report put the condition of wheat in that state for September at 56.8 per cent as against 68 per cent in August. Spring wheat has begun to move and stocks at primarypoints are increas- ing although the demand is keeping them better cleaned up than usual and gives a hopeful outlook for the early marketing of the grain. There is a general belief that the market will go still higher. Mills are working over- time to get flour for filling present orders. There is an active campaign by agents of the mills to secure for- eign orders for flour to displace the demands for raw material. One year ago the price for No. 2 red wheat was 95%c per bushel. Quotations for the IllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIl IE week are: No. 2 No. 1 Red. White. Dec. Wednesday . . . .1.15% 1.15 1.19% Thursday ...... 1.18% 1.18 1.23 Friday ......... 1.22 1.21% 1.28% Saturday ....... 1.22 1.21 % 1.27% Monday ....................... Tuesday . . . .1.18% 1.18 1.23 % Chicago, (Sept. 8).——No. 2 red wheat $1.20; December $116134; May 331.24% per bushel. Corn—Considerable improvement has taken place in the corn crop of late, which change has become a bear- ish element in the market. Prices have, as a consequence, decreased from last week’s high figures. The visble supply for America shows an increase of over one million bushels, which indicates that the improved caused farmers to sell the grain more liberally than they had been. One year ago the price for No. 3 corn was 78c per bushel. Quotations for the past week are: No. 3 No. 3 Mixed. Yellow. ‘Nednesday ......... 81 % 83 % Thursday ........... 81 3 Friday ..... 82 84 Saturday ........... 81% 85% Monday ............ Tuesday ............ 80% 82 % Chicago, (Sept. 8).—September corn is quoted at 787/80; December 74%0; May 7733c per bushel. _ Oats—This cereal continues to gain market strength; the yield in many sections is not keeping up with ear- lier expectations. Farmers are not marekting the grain in the usual lib- eral manner at this season of the year. The American visible supply shows an increase of 1,330,000 bush- els. The foreign demand continues firm and urgent. One year ago the local price for standard oats was 46%0 per bushel. Quotations are as follows: No.3 Standard. White. Wednesday .. 51 50% Thursday ........... 1 50% Friday ............. 52% 52 Saturday ........... 53 52 % Monday ............ . . . . . . Tuesday ............ 53 521/2 Chicago, (Sept. 8).—~Septemberoals 49%c; December 52%0; May 55 1&0 per bushel. Rye.——An advance of 10 was made last week. Demand is steady and the supply limited. N0. 2 is quoted at 960 per bushel. _ CIoverseed.——A1though prices have fluctuated, present figures are steady with last week. Offerings are light. l’rime spot $10.85; October and Des cember $11; alsike sales were made at $9 25. _ ‘ Beans.——There is a small trade With prices holding firm. Immediate and prompt shipments $2.75 per bushel: October $2.35. Chicago—Trading 18 small, with stocks limited and prices steady. Pea beans, hand-picked, choice, are quoted at $3; common at $2.25@2.75; red kidneys, ch01ce $3.75 @425. Timothy Seed.—Prime _spot $2.95 per bushel, last week’s price. FLOUR AND FEEDS. FIour.——Another advance has been made in flour prices, the rise in wheat and urgent foreign demand being the cause. Jobbing lots in one-eighth paper sacks are selling on the Detroit market per 196 lbs. as follows: Best patent $6.40; second $6; straight $5.55; spring patent $6.75; rye flour $5.80 per bbl. . . Feed.——In 100-1b. sacks, Jobbing lots are: Bran $27; standard middlings $30; fine middlings $32; coarse corn Itneal $35; corn and oat chop $31 per on. Hay.-——Carlots on track at Detroit are: New, No. 1 timothy $16.50@17; igandard $15.50@16; No. 2, $14.50@ New York—Market is steady. No. 1 new timothy $17; do. old $23;-fancy light.clover mixed, old $21.50 per ton. . Chicago.—Demand light and offer- ings large. Choice timothy quoted at $16.50@17 per ton; No. 1, 14.50@15; No. 2, $13@14. Straw—Lower. Rye $7.50@8; oat straw $7@7.50; wheat straw $7@7.50 per ton. DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS. Butter.—Market active, with prices unchanged for creamery; dairy goods and packing stock higher. Extra creamery 30c per lb; firsts 28c; dairy 210; packing stock 20%c. Chicago—The market is quiet with prices steady and unchanged. Extra creamery 300; extra firsts 28%@29c; firsts 26@27%c; seconds 24%@25%c; packing stock 21%@220. Elgin—On account of Labor Day the Elgin Board met on Saturday and the price based on sales was 30c per pound. New York—The market is firm with prices %c higher. Creamery extras 31%@320; firsts «28%@30c; seconds 26@280. Eggs.—Market is firm with prices slightly higher. Fresh stock sells at 241/20 per dozen; current receipts 23c. Chicago.—Market is firmer with the prices slightly higher. Offerings are moderate. Miscellaneous lots, cases included, 18@22%c; ordinary firsts 20%@21%c; firsts 22%@23c. New York—Market is firm with prices on fresh stock higher. Fresh gathered extras 30@820; extra firsts 28@290 per dozen; firsts 26@27c; sec- onds 24@250. ' Poultry.—Market steady under lib- eral receipts. Springs 16%@17c; hens 16@16%c; ducks 14((13150; young ducks 1360160; geese 11@12c;‘ turkeys 16@ c Chicago.—The market steady with prices unchanged. Demand for fowls good. Receipts of springs are very heavy. Quotations on live are: Fowls 15c; spring chickens 15c; ducks, good stock 13@14c; guinea hens, per doz- en $2@4; spring geese 12@13c. New York.——W‘es_tern chickens, broilers, 16%@17c; fowls 16%@17c; turkeys 13@14c per 1b. FRUITS AND VEGETABLES. Fruits.——Pears, Bartletts $1.15@1.50 per bu; common 750@$1; plums $1@ 1.25 per bu; grapes 15@180 for blue; 20c for Niagaras and 250 for Dele- wares, per 8-lb. basket; peaches, E1- berta, choice $1.75; A, $1.50; B, $1@ 1.25 per bushel. Chicago—Michigan Elberta peaches 750@$1 per bu; Bartlett pears $2@4 per bbl; Seckel $36134; grapes 10@16c per 8-lb. basket; Transcendent crab apples $3@3.50 per bbl. Vegetables.—-Home-grown cabbage, $1@1.10 per crate; new beets $1 per hundred bunches; radishes $1@1.25 per hundred bunches. Potatoes—Michigan $1.75@1.80 per sack; at Chicago Early Ohios are quoted at 68@73c. Apples.——Supply is liberal and de- mand is improving slightly. Average receipts 50@75c per bu; $1.25@1.50 per bbl. Chicago.—The demand is fair. The large supply makes selling hard. Com- mon stuff and that in. baskets espe- cially hard to sell. Duchess $2@ 2.25; Wealthy $2.50@2.75; Strawber- ry Pippin $3@3.25; Maiden Blush $2.25@2.75; Alexander $3.25@3.50 for choice. GRAND RAPIDS. Scarcity of dairy butter brought the price up to 250 early in the week. The egg market is firm at 22%@230. Potatoes have been bringing 70@750 on this market in a small way but will probably go lower with increased 0f- ferings. Early potatoes in carlots started in at 400 at outside loading stations and local buyers are telling farmers that it will be foolish to hold perishable products, with no outlet for them abroad, the situation being entirely different from that of grain. Wheat started off this week at $1.09; oats 480; corn 88c; rye 80c and white vbeans $2.25@2.50. DETROIT EASTERN MARKET. The capacity of the market was tried Tuesday morning by the number of farmers’ wagons present, every available spot on the city lots being occupied. Considering the supplies, produce was moving fair. Potatoes are coming more freely and selling around 85c per bushel. Apples are holding up well, prices ranging from 75c@$1 per bushel for the better grades. Tomatoes plentiful, and good stock is selling at 45@50c; cauliflower 75c per bushel or 150 per head; on- ions $1 for common and $3 for silver; string beans 50c; peaches $2@2.25; cabbage, red 75c per bushel; corn 120 per dozen; celery 250 per bunch; mel- ons 600 per bushel; grapes 200 per 4-lb. basket; large cucumbers 25c per bushel, small 200 per hundred; pep- pers 650 per bushel. Loose hay offer- ings are light, prices ruling around $17 for good timothy. THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS. Buffalo. September 7, 1914. (Special Report of Dunning & Stev- ens, New York Central Stock Yards, Buffalo, N. Y.) Receipts here today as follows: Cattle 175 cars; hogs 90 d. d.; sheep and lambs 45 d. d.; calves 1000 head. With 175 cars of cattle on the mar- ket here today, the market was slow and draggy from start to finish, and the cattle nearly all sold fully 15@ 250 per cwt. lower. There were a few handy weight cattle that were well finished that sold at about last Mon- day’s prices, but the great majority of them sold lower than last Monday. At the close there are about ten loads of good weight shipping steers left over unsold; most of the other stuff was well cleaned up. We had a liberal supply of hogs here today, footing about 90 double decks, including about ten loads held from Saturday. With very little out- side demand and packers very bearish trade was slow at the opening and while prices were about 50 higher, quite ‘a good many hogs were unsold at the close, most of them being lock- ed up. All good grades sold at $9.35 generally, with pigs and lights from $9@9.25, as to weight and quality. Roughs $7.50@8; stags $6.50@7.50. Fully 25 double decks of hogs in the yards at the close and the prospects for the balance of the week would judge to be a little better. The market was active today on lambs and sheep. Prices 50 higher than the close of last week. Choice handy lambs selling mostly at $8.40. We look for steady prices the balance of the week. We quote: Choice spring lambs $8.25@8.40; cull to fair $6.50@8; year- lings $6@6.75; bucks $3@3.75; handy ewes $5.50@5.75; heavy do $4.75@ 5.25; wethers $6@6.25; cull sheep $2 @375; veals, choice to extra $12.25@ 12.50; fair to good $10@12; heavy calves $6@8.50. Chicago. The weeks cattle market has been a variable one, with early booms in prices for the best beeves that carried them to the highest levels yet reach- ed, but later a reaction set in, pack- ers refusing to pay earl'y figures, caus- ing prices to break largely 15@40c. The best class of beef steers sold dur- ing the week at $10@10.95, with fancy lots selling 20@30c above the previous top figures of the year, few being of- fered. The great bulk of the steers sold at $8.50@10.25, with a desirable class of yearlings going at $9.25@ 10.50, while the common to fair class of steers brought $7@8.75. Medium grade steers sold at $8.80@9.35, with steers that classed as good taken at $9..40@9.95, while butchering cows and heifers brought $5.40@9.50. Cutters brought $4.65@5.35, canners $3.50@ 4.60 and bulls $5@8. The high price asked for stockers and feeders failed to prevent a good demand, but the moderate supply prevented a large bus1ness from being transacted. Stockers sold at $5.50@7.75, feeders at $6.85@8.15, stock and feeding cows and heifers at $5@6.90 and stock calves at $7@7.50. Milkers and spring- ers had a fair outlet at $60@105 per head. Calves are active at $5@11.50 Hogs sold recently at as high prices as haVe been seen of late, with sharp reactions following. Recent receipts of hogs have been the heaviest in av- erage weight for any time since Oc- tober, 1910, the average being 254 lbs., and this explains why prime light hogs are selling so much higher than other weights. The hog market last week was unusually wide in price fluctuations, with a break by Friday to $9.40 for the best light lots, fol- lowing an early $9.75 top. Late sales were made all the way down to $8.3 for rough heavy packing hogs, while pigs sold at $6.50@8.65. Hog receipts were far less in volume than a year ago. The lamb market started off last week in a weak and declining condi- tion because of a big supply, the M011- day receipts aggregating over 43,000 sheep and lambs. The later supplies were much smaller, and prices had sharp advances, with lambs selling by Friday on a basis of $6.60@7.90, while feeding lambs were in great request at $6.50@7.30. Sheep and yearlings have comprised but a very moderate percentage of the receipts, yearlings being salable at $5.50@6.25. wethers at $5.25@5.75, ewes at $3.50@5.40 and bucks at $3.50@4. Buyers paid $4.50 $6 for breeding ewes, with few of- fered, while feeders bought yearlings at $5@6 and wethers at $5.15@5.30. Far too many poorly fattened lambs are being marketed. They should be made fat, so as to make profits for their 'owners. Horses were 'marketed moderately last week and sold on the whole at steady prices, the feature of most im- portance being the demand for army horses to ship to Europe. A good many cavalry horses have been pur- chased in Canada, and now the de- mand is active in our markets. In an- swer to an inquiry from an interna- tional banking house, a Chicago firm says it can fill orders for 300 horses 8. week for cavalry purposes for three months, and a firm that bought 100,- 000 horses during the Boer war has began buying horses in Iowa for fill- ing an order for 10,000 horses for the British army. All sizes are taken, prices running as high as $175. Hors- es are selling in the market at $60@ 100 per head for the cheaper class up to $250@300 for the better class of drafters, with few of the latter class offered and not many wanted. LIVE STOCK NEVS. The-great shortage in the country’s swine supply is bound to make con- tinued high prices, the aggregate re- ceipts of hogs for the year in 11 re- ceiving points having been about 1,- 000,000 head less than for the same time last year and 1,660,000 less than two years ago. Meanwhile the pack- ers are unable to maintain their usual good'stocks of provisions, as con- sumption is very large, and current hog receipts are largely used for the fresh pork trade. On the first day of this month the Chicago warehouses held only 86,254,652 lbs. of provisions, comparing with 95,867,921 lbs. a month earlier and with 109,778,227 lbs. a year ago. Demand for live stock in the var- ious markets of the United States ev- er since the breaking out of hotsili- ties in Europe has been uncommonly vigorous, and greatly inadequate of- ferings of both hogs and cattle have brought about liberal advances in prices, thousands of farmer- stockmen obtaining far higher values for their stock than they had ever counted up- on. Almost unprecedentedly high prices have prevailed for fat beeves and for prime hogs, with light topping the market because of their relative scarcity. It is a period of extremely small supplies of beef cattle and swine throughout the United States, and the time is here when farmers should start in without delay breed‘ ing cattle and hogs for the future market. Chicago and other markets of the country have been receiving generous supplies of lambs, with small per- centages of sheep and yearlings, and prices have failed to move up along with prices for cattle and hogs. The ranges of Idaho, Montana, Oregon and other states are right in the midst of marketing their spring lambs, and while this lasts it is reasonable to ex- pect prices to be held down consider- ably. Later on there is bound to be a much better show for owners of lambs and sheep on farms. There is a large call for feeding lambs, with increasing supplies, 'and breeding ewes loudly called for, but com— paratively few are forthcoming. This lack of supplies is because almost in- variably sheepmen are firmly imbued with the good business policy of in- creasing their flocks and are holding back all good breeders, including ewe lambs. The combined cattle receipts for the year at the six leading markets have fallen 650,000 head short of the like period last year and 1,200,000 head short of two years ago. Despite the scanty supplies of prime beeves, the trade can use but small numbers of such cattle. Since the European war started it is estimated that more than 25,000,000 pounds of wool have been purchased in the Boston market, including only about 5,000,000 pounds of foreign clips. The bulk of this wool was dis- posed of at gradually rising prices, with sales on an average from 5 to 10 per cent higher. As a result of this enormous buying, Boston’s wool sup- ply is greatly below normal, and late advices from there are that ware- house stocks are less than 65 per cent of the amount held a year ago. Un— der present conditions it is thought that prices are likely to have further advances, as the United States has been importing annually as much wool as it produces—300,000,000 lbs. —whereas it now has to rely on the domestic clip. It will be six months before Australian wool will be avail— able, and it is impossible to know whether transportation facilities will be improved by that time. Subscribe for the Michigan Farmer to May 1, 1915, for only 25 cents. Thl. is for new subscribers only. _ $ sum! 1.2. 1914.». .THIS Is THE FIRST, Eon-ion. The first edition is sent to those who have not expressed a desire for the latest markets. The late market edi- tion will be sent on request at any time. DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS. Thursday’s Market. September 3, 1914. Cattle. Receipts 1337. Market steady; cow stuff strong. Best heavy steers $8.50@9; best handy weight butcher steers $7.50@ 8.25; mixed steers and heifers $7@ 7.75; handy light butchers $6.75@7; light butchers $5.50@6.50; best cows $6.50@7; butcher cows $5.50@6.50;~ common cows $4.50@5.50; canners $3.50@4.25; best heavy bulls $6.50@ 7; bologna bulls $6@6.25; stock bulls $5.25@6.50; feeders $7@7.50; stock- ers $6.25@7; milkers and springers $40@90. Roe Com. Co. sold Mich. B. Co. 2 bulls av 865 at $6.25, 2 do av 1140 at $6.50, 1 do wgh 680 at $6, 3 do av 857 at $6; to Kamman B. Co. 5 butchers av 664 at $7; to Mason B. Co. 1 steer wgh 1010 at $6.75; to Findlay 10 do av 630 at $6.75; to Parker, W. & Co. 7 cows av 1000 at $5.50; to Heinrich 23 steers av 923 at $8; to Goose 2 bulls av _1075 at $6.75, 4 do av 820 at $6; to Mich. B. Co. 6 cows av 1030 at $6.25; to Breitenbeck 6 do av 908 at $5.50; to Rattkowsky 1 do wgh 1040 at $5, 2 bulls av 885 at $6.25; to Find- lay 12 stockers av 603 at $7, 9 do av 677 at $6.85, 6 do av 673 at $6.75, 1 do wgh 460 at $6.50, 1 do wgh 750 at $7; to Parker, W. & Co. 1 bull wgh 1650 at $6.75, 2 cows av 890 at $4.25; to Kamman B. Co. 14 steers av 855 at $7.50; to Green 2 cows av 760 at $5.10; to Rattkowsky 3 do av 1070 at $5.75; to Grant 3 do av 747 at $5.80; to Marx 2 steers av 1120. at $7.75; to Applebaum 1 cow wgh 990 at $5, 2 bulls av 670 at $5.75. Spicer & R. sold Schroeder 1 steer wgh 1080 at $7.50, 2 do av 1075 at $7.25; to Kull -2 butchers av 970 at $6.50, 1 steer wgh 800 at $7, 8 do av 926 at $7.50; to Parker, W. & Co. 1 cow wgh 920 at $4.50, 3 do av 1057 at $6, 2 do av 1050 at $6.25; to Newton B. Co. 5 steers av 864 at $8; to Mich. B. Co. 1 bull wgh 1230 at $6.50; to Rattkowsk 2 butchers av 925 at $6.75; to ullivan P. Co. 8 cows av 1020 at $6.50, 2 steers av 810 at $7.25, 4 cows av 1037 at $6.35; to Goodwin 4 do av 1000 at $4.90. Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. & Co. 1 cow wgh 990 at $4.50, 1 do wgh 1040 at $6.25, 1 bull wgh 1170 at $6.50, 3 butchers av 875 at $6, 1 cow wgh 1270 at $7, 6 butchers av 990 at $6.25, 1 cow wgh 1060 at $6.25, 2 steers av 850 at $7, 1 bull wgh 1250 at $6.75; to Sullivan P. CO. 7 steers av 1031 at $7.25; to Schneider 2 bulls av 820 at $7.75; to Kull 3 steers av 870 at $7, 1 do wgh 710 at $7, 17 butchers av 773 at $7.25; to Sullivan P. 00'. 2 cows av 875 at $7, 15 Steers av 1027 at $7.75, 3 bulls av 883 at $6.15, 2 steers av 970 at $8.25, 4 do av 767 at $7; to Mason B. Co. 5 cows av 804 at $6.50, 6 steers av 895 at $7.75; to Parker, W. & Co. 1 bull wgh 1170 at $6.50, 1 cow wgh 1180 at $6.25, 1 do wgh 1330 at $7, 1 bull wgh 1550 at $6.50, 4 cows av 1107 at $7; to Findlay 4 feeders av 837 at $6.85, 11 stockers av 545 at $6.50; to Mason B. Co. 4 steers av 902 at $7.35; to Ratner 2 cows av 815 at $4.75; to Greene 3 stockers av 617 at $5.50, 14 feeders av 743 at $7.40, 9 stockers av 544 at $7, 5 feeders av 866 at $7.15; to Reardon 12 stockers av 460 at $6.50; to Thompson Bros. 2 bulls av 1230 at $6.75; to Mills 20 stockers av 616 at $6.75; to Ham- mond, S. & Co. 6 cows av 1033 at $4.60; to Bresnahan 14 stockers av 717 at $6.70, 8 do av .732 at $7. Haley & M. sold Newton B. Co. 4 bulls av 680 at $5.75, 1 do wgh 1360 at $6.50, 2 do av 720 at $5.75; to Mich. B. Co. 2 cows av 970 at $6, 3 steers av 1093 at $8, 3 bulls av 823 at $6; to Hammond S. & Co. 2 cows av 1090 at $6.40, 3 do av 1120 at $6.40, 1 canner wgh 700 at $3.50, 1 do wgh 970 at $4.25, 1 cow wgh 960 at $6.50; to Kamman B. Co. 4 steers av 865 at $7.75, 10 do av 831 at $7.20; to Goose 2 butchers av 535 at $5.75, 4 bulls av 967 at $6.60; to Torrey 4 stockers av 437 at $6.40, 5 do av 570 at $6.50; to Breitenbeck 2 steers av 620 at $6.50, 4 cows av 935 at $5.25; to Reardon 2 feeders av 700 at $7.50, 10 stockers av 587 at at $7.15, 10 do av 600 at $7.25; to Bowersox 6 do av 686 at $7.25, 4 do av 582 at $6.85; to Sullivan P. Co. 6 cows av 1108 at $6.35; to Cooke 10 steers av 890 at $8; to Lachalt 4 butchers av 840 at $7; to Hinrschleman 16 do av 716 at $7.35; to Bresnahan 19 do av 637 at 6.60. Veal Calves. Receipts 411. Market steady. Best $11@12.50; others $8@10_. Roe Com. Co. sold Mich. B. Co. 4 av 155 at $11; to Newton B. Co. wgh 180 at $12, 1 wgh 190 at $11.50; to Thompson Bros. 1 w h 180 at $7 ; to Rattkowsky 4 av 25 at $10; to Thompson Bros. 6 av 130 at $11. Haley & M. sold Parker, W. & Co. 9 av 165 at $11.50, 1 wgh 220 at $11.50, 3 av_165 at $11.50, 3 av 150 at,$11.50; to Shapar’o 5 av 225 at $11, 3 av 180 at $11.50; to Thompson Bros. 5 av 155 at $12; to Mich. B. Co. 2 av 185 at $11.50. Sheep and Lambs. Receipts 3415. Market 25@35c low- er than last week on lambs; sheep steady. Best lambs $7i50@7.85; fair lambs $6.50@7; light to common do. $5.50@6; fair togood sheep $4.50@5; culls and common $2.75@3.50. Haley & M. sold Thompson Bros. 45 lambs av 70 at $8; to Parker, W’. Sc Co. 40 sheep av 50 at $4.50, 15 do av 105 at $4.75, 14 lambs av 75 at $7.50, 10 sheep av 123 at $4.75, 30 lambs av 60 at $7.50, 10 do av 75 at $7.75, 6 sheep av 120 at $5.25, 7 lambs av 65 at $7.50. Spicer & R. sold Parker, W. & Co. 8 lambs av 55 at $7.25; to Mich. B. Co. 29 do av 60 at $7.50, 13 sheep av 105 at $4.75, 8 do av 115 at $4.75, 5 lambs av 52 at $6, 36 do av 70 at $7.50; to Parker, W. & Co. 44 do av 73 at $8, 44 do av 65 at $7.50. Hogs. Receipts 3924. Pigs $9@9.50; oth- ers $9.40@9.50; 10c lower. Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. & Co. 1500 av 170 at $9.50, 315 av 170 at $9.40. Spicer & R. sold Hammond, S. & Co. 350 av 175 at $9.50. Hale & M. sold same 310 av 175 at $9.5 , 175 av 160 at $9.40. Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Go. 380 av 120 at $9.50. STATE CROP RE1I93%RT FOR SEPT. , 1 . ! average estimated yield in the state is 18.84, in the southern counties 18.92, in the cen- tral counties 21.09, in the northern counties 16.21 and in the upper pe- ninsula 19.84 bushels per acre. The quality as compared with an average per cent is 94 in the state, 95 in the southern counties, 96 in the central counties, 90 in the northern counties and 91 in' the upper peninsula. The total number of bushels of wheat re- ported marketed by farmers in August at 67 mills is 151,276 and at 85 ele- vators and to grain dealers 260,924 or a total of 412,190 bushels. Of this amount 294,062 shlehsubesr lETAOIN amount 294,062 bushels were market- ed in the southern four tiers of coun- ties, 106,619 in the central counties and 11,519 in the northern counties and upper peninsula. The estimated total number of bushels of wheat mar- keted in August is 1,500,000. Forty- two mills, elevators and grain dealers report no wheat marketed in August. Oats.-—The estimated yield in the state is 33.14, in the southern coun- ties 32.15, in the central counties 32.- 62, in the northern counties 34.10 and in the upper peninsula 39.10 bushels per acre. The quality as compared with an average per cent is 92 in the state, central and northern counties, 94 in the southern counties and 89 in the upper peninsula. Rye—The estimated average yield in the state is 15.88, in the southern counties 15.50, in the central counties 15.04, in the northern counties 16.65 and in the upper peninsula 20.33 bush- els per acre. Corn.—,—The condition of corn com- pared with an average per cent is 89 in the state, 84 in the southern coun- Wheat—The 'ties, 94 in the central counties, 95 in the northern counties and 91 in the upper peninsula. The condition one year ago was 84 in the state, 75 in the southern counties, 96 in the- central counties, 94 in the northern counties and 98 in the upper peninsula. Beans—The probable yield of beans compared with an average per cent is 80 in the state, 79 in the southern and northern counties, 81 in the central counties and 95 in the upper penin- sula. One year ago the probable yield was 78 in the state, 72 in the southern counties, 79 in the central copnties, 88 in the northern counties and 96 in the upper peninsula. Peas—The estimated average yield in the state is 16.45, in the southern counties 13.58, in the central counties 15.96, in the northern counties 17.62 and in the upper peninsula 17.11 bush- els per acre. Potatoes—The condition of potatoes compared with an average per cent is 89 111 the state, 86 in the southern counties, 88 in the central counties, 94 in the northern counties and 100 in the upper peninsula. The condition one year ago was 72 in the state, 61 in the southern counties, 82 in the central counties, 84 in the northern counties and 88 in the upper penin- sula. Clover Seed—The condition of clo- ver seed compared with an average per cent is 81 in the state, 74 in the southern counties, 84 in the central counties, 94 in the northern counties and 104 in the upper peninsula. The 1 condition one year ago was 80 in the state and southern counties, 81 in the central counties, 79 in the northern coiinties and 92 in the upper penin- su a. Live Stock—Live stock generally reported in good condition. THE MICHIGAN .FA-RMER LIVE STOCK NOTES. Lighter cattle receipts last week than came the week before effected a little bracing up of the market before the week-end, although the initial day’s trading was on lower levels for all below choice to prime grades. De— clines of 10@15c were forced then, but before the week and the bulk of the trades were full up with the previous week and choice to prime, in fact, showed a little higher basis. New top prices of $10.65 were made for prime heavy steers and the trade confident- ly looks forward to the establishment of still higher levels for prime steers as the season advances. A generous quota of choice beeves made $10@ 10.50, including yearlings at $10.30. Bulk of the crop of medium to good corn-fed steers cleared at $8.75@9.65, and the major portion of grassers and warmed-up light grades, many of which came off dry pastures and were forced marketward as result of high corn, sold at $8@8.65. Common grass- ers went down to $7 and lower, for a crooked kind that had no feeder coni- petition. A more favorable situation was shown in the demand than noted for two weeks previous, since it be- gins to appear that liquidation from dry pasture territory is now about passed. Rains have helped and fall pastures will be good in most sec- tions. Range run last week was close to 12,000 and the westerners were strong competitors against natives of medium grade. Rangers sold at 15@ 250 decline for steers and heifers went 25@500 lower. Native she stock clos- ed firm with a week previous, fat lots selling up 10@15c, in fact, as did the canner and cutter grades, but medium cows and heifers failed to gain. Cows went mainly at $5.50@7, fat heifers at $7.25@8.25 and prime up to $9 and higher with a plain grass-fed kind down to $6. Canners took $3.75@4.65 and cutters went up to $5.25. Bull trade scored 25@35c advance, bolog- nas making $5.60@6.40 and a fair to good beef class $6.50@7.40. Calves advanced 25@50c, selling mainly at $10.50@11. Feeder cattle had good country call, mainly from Indiana, Michigan and Ohio, and values ad- vanced 15@250 over the week before. Sales were up to $8@8.15 for choice and bulk of medium to good made $7.25@7.75 with a common light stock- er kind down to $6.25@6.50 and de- cent stockers sold at $6.60@6.85. Hog trade the past week was more settled than any time since the open- ing of the European war. Prices fluc- tuated little throughout and closed comparatively firm on most grades. Light weight animals finished 10@150 higher than a week ago, while prime heavy held steady and weighty pack— ing stuff was about 50 lower. Best pigs were steady and other kinds showed 25@50c decline. Opening and closing top was $9.40, although at the low time $9.25 was practically the lim- it. Packers gave fairly good support to the market even though receipts were of increased volume but ship- ping orders were never numerous. Average weight of arrivals was the heaviest since October, 1910, and gen- eral quality was good. Good mixed packing cleared largely at $8.75@8.95, while heavy packing went mainly at $8.65@8.80. Light butchers and light weights landed mostly at $9.15@9.35, with a choice heavy class at $9@9.15. Pigs cleared at $6.50@8.75 for com- mon to prime lots, with the bulk at $7@8, while dumpish offerings were taken at $5@6. Sheep ani lamb prices suffered a severe cut, bulk of fat grades closmg 750@$1 lower than a week ago. Feed- ing sheep and breeding ewes closed 15@250 lower after the bulk of the first week held steady. Feeding lambs declined“ 250 near the close. Receipts were the most liberal of the season {lid buyers remained bearish through- out. Eastern orders improved but with offerings in excess of trade require- ments sellers were unable to check the raid on prices made by packers despite the better outside call. Most of the good to choice native ewes sold at $4.75@5.25, although $4.50 bought a choice heavy kind at the close. Range ewes finished at $5.25 for the best. Wethers closed at $5.50 against $5.75 early in the week. Yearlings topped at $6.25 and closing limit was $5.85. Western lambs topped at $8.25 and natives at $8.10 but the best clos- ed at $7.75 ‘and $7.65 respectively. Feeding lambs went at $6.25@7.40, with few above $7 at the finish. Breed- ing ewes made $4.25@6.75, according to age, and $5.50@6 bought the bulk. Feeding wethers .sold at $4.75@5.35 and ewes at $3.90@4.25. CROP AND MARKET NOTES. (Continued from page 221). siderable injury to the corn. It will be rather light and chaffy on account of not being fully matured. Not very much threshing done yet. Have had light rains the past week but too dry yet to plow. Wheat averaging about 25 bushels per acre; price 750. good many silos now being filled. Ap- 19—223 ~ ples, peaches and grapes quite plenti- ful and of good quality. Some hog cholera reported. Nehama 00., Aug. 28.—Have had a long spell of hot dry weather. It is too dry for fall plowing. Corn has suffered; it will not average more than one-third of a crop. Pastures are dry; potatoes a fair crop; beans a failure, too dry. Clover seed is a failure; onions, too dry, only a fair crop. Tomatoes a good crop and are $1 a bushel. No wheat planted and very little plowing done, too dry. The average yield of wheat 20 bushels per acre; average yield of oats 25 bushels per acre. Prairie hay good, one ton to the acre. Good crop of pigs, and all other live stock; this includes calves, colts, etc. All stock doing well. No diseases; early apples are a failure; late a fair crop, and are 50c a bushel. Pearsand peaches good crop. Pears $1 per bushel; peaches 75c@$1; cream 26c; eggs 18c; butter 300; corn 800; wheat 90c; hens 120; grapes 20 lb. Nebraska. Pierce 00., Aug. 25.—Crops are all pretty fair. Wheat has been threshed and has averaged from 20 54 bush- els per acre; corn is a fair crop so far. We had little rain last week and another last night. Apples fair; quite a few grapes being raiSed this year, and some plums. Hogs doing fine now but in Antelope county the cholera is quite bad. Hogs $8.25; plums $1.75 per bushel; apples $1.50; eggs 16c; butter 18c; com 650. ADDITIONAL VETERINARY. Cow Eats Weeds and Brush—We have a cow about eight years old run- ning on wild woods pasture; her cream is slow to churn into butter and hard to gather to butter; besides, it is quite soft. Is this the fault of cow or feed? M. P., Ashley, Mich—I believe a change of feed is perhaps all that is necessary; however, it might be well enough to salt her frequently and ex- amine your milk house and its sur- roundings for the cause. Lunipjaw.—I have a two-year-old heifer that has a lump on jaw and I might say she was all right when I turned her out to pasture. This hunch is hard and she is due to come fresh soon. J. F. D., Hemlock, Mich—Leave her alone for three weeks, then apply one part red iodide mercury and four parts lard to bunch every eight or ten days. Also give her 2 drs. potassium iodide at a dose twice a day for ten or 15 days or longer. Subscribe for the Michigan Farmer to May 1, 1915, for only 25 cents. This is for new subscribers only. “Pu bli‘iE‘A’i—ictifi‘ _ at l p, m., sharp. I will sell my fine SO-acro farm in Calhoun county, Mich.. six miles northeast of Mar- shall. on Duck Lake road. on Thursday. September 17. 1914. at promises. All tillable, clay and sandy loam flOlI. slightly rolling. 011 main road. close to school; good two story, H-room house. Barn is 30144, hip roof and basement. ’I‘erms $1000 down day of sale. balance when possession is given. Call on or write. H. C. RICHART. R. 1. Marshall. Mlch. Auctioneer—Fred Reppert, Decatur. 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FARM FENGE 4| INCHES HIGH 2| 100 other styles of Farm, Poultry and Lawn Fencing direct from factory at save-tile- CENTS dealer’s-profit-prices. 0111' A ROD large catalog is free. KlTSELMAN BROS. Box 278 Mamie. hid WHITE CEDAR FENCE P08TS“%‘V‘?.“§“€% Cedar Fence Posts. '7 ft. 8 ft. and 10 ft. lenirths. Special attention given to farmer club orders. Write for prices and terms. I". G. COWLEY, Oscoda. Mich. When writing to advertisers please mention The Michigan Farmer. CANNING VEGETABLES HOME. IN THE (Continued from last week). Buy a good grade of jar. The best quality usually retails at from a dol- lar to a dollar and twenty-five cents a dozen. The initial expense may be, therefore, somewhat high, but with proper care they should last many years. The annual breakage should be less than three per cent on the av- erage. In selecting a jar always give preference to those having Wide months. In canning whole fruit or vegetables and in cleaning the jars the wide mouth will be found to be decidedly preferable. Containers for Sterilizing. The writer uses a tin clothes boiler with a false bottom made of wire net- ting cut to fit. The netting is made of medium sized galvanized wire with one-half inch mesh. A false bottom is absolutely necessary, as the jars will break if set flat upon the bottom of the boiler. Narrow strips of wood, straw, or almost anything of this na- ture, may be used for the purpose, but the wire gauze is clean and con- venient. There are several varieties of pat- ent steamers or steam cookers in com- mon use. These have either one or two doors and hold a dozen or more quart jars. They are ideal for can- ning, but they are somewhat expen— sive and can be easily dispensed with. ,‘A common ham boiler or clothes boil- !er, with a tight-fitting cover, will an- lswer every purpose. Selecticn‘and Preparation of Vege- tables. The first step in successful canning is the selection and preparation of the vegetables. Never attempt to can any vegetables that have matured and :commenced to harden, or one that has {begun to decay. As a general rule, young vegetables are superior in fla- ,vor and texture to the more mature iones. This is especially true of string Ibeans, okra and asparagus. Vegeta- bles are better if gathered in the early morning while the dew is still on them. If it is impossible to can [them immediately, do not allow them jto wither, but put them in cold water [Orin a cold, damp place and keep 3them crisp until you are ready for ithem. Do your canning in well-swept éand well-dusted rooms. This will tend to reduce the number of spores float- ing about and lessen the chances of inoculation. In the following paragraphs are di- rections for canning some of the more common vegetables, but the housewife can add to these at will. The princi— ple of sterilization is the same for all meats, fruits, and vegetables. Corn. Contrary to the general opinion, corn is one of the easiest vegetables to can. The United States Depart- ment of Agriculture has shown that the amount of sugar in the sweet va- rieties diminishes very rapidly after the ear is pulled from the stalk; there- fore, in order to retain the original sweetness and flavor it is necessary to can corn very soon after it is pull- ed——within an hour, if possible. Select the ears with full grains before they have begun to harden, as this is the period of greatest sugar content. Husk them and brush the silks off with a stiff brush. Shear off the grain with ‘a sharp knife and pack the jar full. Add salt to taste, usually about a tea- spoonful to the quart is sufficient, and fill up the jar to the top with cold water. Put the rubber ring around the neck of the jar and place the glass top on loosely. Be careful not to press down the spring at the side of the jar. EIIHENIIIHHIHHlllllllllllillllliiIiIllilHllllllfililllllllillllilllll|Iilliilll.illlflillllllllilllllllllIllil|lIIillllllllllhlllllilllilillllllllllillllilllllllllHlii IlllllIiillHill|llili||IHIIlllllllllllii|Illlliiilliilll[Hillllillllllilllfl E ° 1 ° E Practice SCIcncc. Elli”IllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlilllllllllllIllllllllllll|IllHill|IllIHHI|Ill|liilllll|illlllllillillllllliilllllllll|lHlllilllllllllllillllllilllI|lillilllilllHHIHHIHIIHIIHIHIllliilliIllillilillillllHillIllillllIIHIIIIIIIIHIIIIHE Place the false bottom in the boiler and put in as many jars as the boiler will conveniently hold. Don’t try to crowd them in. Leave space betWeen them. Pour in about three inches of cold water, or just enough to form steam and to prevent the boiler from going dry during the boiling. It is not necessary to have the water up to the neck of the jars, as the steam will do the cooking. Put the cover on the boiler and set it on the stove. Bring the water to a boil and keep it boiling for one hour. At the end of that time remove the cover of the boiler and allow the steam to escape. Press down the spring at the side of the jar. This clamps on the top and will prevent any outside air from en- tering. The jars can now be removed and cooled or allowed to stand in the boiler until the next day. On the second day raise the spring at the side of the jar. This will re- lieve any pressure from steam that might accumulate inside the par dur- False Bottom in Wash Boiler Advised by U. S. Department of Agriculture. ing the second cooking. Place the jars again in the boiler and boil for one hour. Clamp on the top as on the preceding day, and allow them to cool. Repeat the operation on the third. In removing the jars from the boiler be careful not to expose them to a draft of cold air while they are hot, as a sudden change in tempera- ture is likely to crack them. After the sterilization is complete the jars may be set aside for a day or two and then tested. This is done by releasing the spring at the side and picking up the jar by the top. If there has been the least bit of decom- position, 01‘ if sterilization has not been complete, the top will come off. This is because the pressure on the top has been relieved by the gas from the bacteria. In this case it is always best to empty out the corn 'and fill up the jar with a fresh supply. If can- ning fruits or some expensive vegeta‘ ble, hoWever, examine the contents of the jar and, if the decomposition has not gone far enough to injure the fla- vor, place it once more in the boiler and sterilize over again. If the top does not come off, one may be reason- ably sure that the corn is keeping. Corn is often subject to attack of anaerobic bacteria. The spores, of these are sometimes very hard to kill and remain alive even after boiling for one hour. In case any jars spoil, increase the time of boiling to an hour and a half. Tomatoes. Every housewife knows how to can tomatoes. They are very easily kept, even in the common screw-top jar. If one already has on hand a number of jars of this pattern, it is best to use them for preserves or for canning to- matoes and to purchase the more modern styles for canning other veg- etables. In using the screw-top jars be careful to sterilize them first by placing in cold water, bringing to a. boil, and boiling for about ten min- utes. The rubber and top should also be immersed in boiling water for the same length of time. Remove them from the boiling water when needed, handling as little as possible. Be careful not to put the fingers on the inside of, the-top or the inner edge of the rubber. Fill the jar with the cook- ed tomatos while'steaming hot, put on the rubber, screw'on the'top firmly, invert it, and let it stand in the posi- tion until cool. How to Open a Jar. Jars of vegetables are sometimes hard to open, unless it is done in just the right way. Run a thin knife blade under the rubber, next to the jar, and press against it firmly. This will usu- ally let in enough air to release the pressure on the top. In case it does not, place the jar in a deep saucepan of cold water, bring to a. boil, and keep it boiling for a few minutes. The jar will then open easily. Cautions. These directions for canning apply only to pint and quart jars. If half- gallon jars are used, always increase the time of boiling, making it an hour and a half instead of one hour. Do not go into canning too deeply at first. Experiment with a few jars and see if they keep well. It is not a diffi- cult matter to can vegetables prop- erly. The writer has never lost a can of string beans, okra, eggplant, car- rots, parsnips, lima beans, beets, as- paragus, or pumpkin in several years’ experience, and has had only one can of peas spoil, a few cans of corn dur- ing the earlier trials, and a few cans of succotash. Any housewife can do equally well. If you follow the direc~ tions here given carefully, you will have no difficulty whatever. If you should happen to fail in the first trial, rest assured that you have done some— thing wrong or left something undone. No housewife who has on hand during the winter a supply of home-canned vegetables ready ,to serve on ten min- utes’ notice will ever regret the trou- ble or difficulties experienced in the learning. EXPERIMENTS lN GRASS CUL- TURE. Among the many reports from ex- periment stations received by the De- partment of Agriculture is one of tests made by the Virginia station in grass culture. The report shows that orchard grass and clover mixed aver- aged 2460 pounds per acre in yield of hay, as compared with 1575 pounds from orchard grass alone. Timothy, red-top, and clover mixed yielded 5440 pounds, as compared with 4460 pounds of timothy and red-top, 3307 pounds of red—top alone, and 3857 pounds of timothy alone. Spring and August seedings yielded 1.86 and 2.1 tons per acre respectively of a mixture of clo- ver, timothy, and red-top. An application of one ton of burnt lime and 300 pounds of nitrate of soda per acre was followed by an av- erage hay yield of 4402.5 pounds per acre. Applications of 300 pounds of nitrate of soda and one ton of burnt lime produced yields of 3127 pounds and 3699 pounds respectively as com- pared with 2215.5 pounds on the check plat, per acre. The same applications alone were followed by yields of 3375 2055 and 1950 pounds of hay per acre respectively. Applications of (one) 100 pounds of muriate of potash and 150 pounds of dried blood and (two) 100 pounds of muriate of potash, 200 pounds of acid phosphate, and 150 pounds of dried blood were followed by yields of 3.12 and 3.18 tons of cured hay per acre. The following year it Was found that the highest yield followed an applica- tion of 200 pounds of 16 per cent acid phosphate. Slightly increased yields also followed applications of one ton of burnt lime and 100 pounds of ni- trate of soda per acre. Likes the Michigan Farmer Best. Enclosed you will find 25 cents for subscription to May 1, 1915. I have several farm papers but the Michigan Farmer beats them all for a weekly afloat—Theo. Woebbeking, Free Soil. c . . " SEPT. 12, 1914. s " lllllllilllllllilllllllllIlllllllllllllllllll|lllIllillllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllilllllllllllIlllllIll|lllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllIlllllIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllil—E THE MICHIGAN FARMER i E Poultry and Bees. glllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllIlllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIlllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllIlllllI'JlllllllIIlllllllllllIlllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllillllg STARTING WITH WILD BEES. The problem of starting the busi- ness of bee-keeping has seemed to many a difficult one, the cost of ini- tial swarms and equipment being con- siderable; and, counted with inexperi- ence and consequent chances of loss, seems too much for the average farm- er to assume. I know of several cases where a start has been made with wild bees, with highly satisfactory re sults. Our wild bees are really swarms escaped from some apiary, or their descendants. The common black bee came to this country almost as early as did the Pilgrim Fathers, and in the settlement of the central and western states they kept a little ahead of the vanguard of human pioneers. At the present time there are many wild bees, known as “Italians” by bee hunters, which cannot be distinguish- ed from their “tame” brothers. Hunt Bees in Fall. Bee hunting is a fascinating sport in localities where bee-keeping is con- fined to a few scattered farmers’ wives. It may be indulged at any time during the summer or early fall, in fact, until the last flowers are killed by frost. September is the best time, however. Then there are not so many flowers to attract the bees, and they may be more readily caught and “lined.” During the summer when myriads of flowers are found on every hand, they sometimes fail to come back to the honeybox. In early fall, when there are only a few golden- rods and asters, with their meagre store of honey, the bees are pretty sure to “work” just about right. The process of “bee-lining” is a. simple one. The equipment consists of a small box provided with a piece of glass to serve as a shutter, and a. small quantity of comb honey. The honey is placed in the box. A bee is caught and introduced to the sweet banquet. The box should then be set up on a pole, some four feet high, the shutter opened and Mr. Bee allowed to take his departure. When he comes out, watch carefully the direction he takes and note with the watch Just how long he is gone. He will probably come back. After a few trips other bees will come with the original one and you may, if the “hive” is near, have a constant stream of workers coming and going in a short time. When they get to working in good shape, imprison three or four in the box and move up with them, that is, make a new stand several hundred yards along in the direction the bees take. In this way it is often possible to get quite near the “hive” in a short time. Locating the Hives. To ascertain how long they are gone when a number are working, sprinkle a tiny bit of powdered corn- starch on an individual and note the time until his return. After getting quite close to the "hive,” make a stand at right angles to the original line and again carefully note the di. rection taken by the bees. When two are working together they can often locate the point where the lines con- verge and find the home of the swarm without further trouble. When the hunt has progreSsed to this stage it is well to examine all hollow trees. It is usually possible to locate the store of sweets without any more work with the box. Wild bees usually have their home in some old hollow tree, some. times the entrance being near the ground and at other times high up in the air. , Young swarms are more easily tak- en than old ones. These are often found in small trees. In-this case a section of the tree may be sawed out, the hole plugged at night, and the makeshift hive set up in the back yard at home. The bees will rarely desert it, especially if they have a store of honey and winter is near at hand. It is well to put a fully equip- ped hive near and not infrequently the bees will “move,” bag and bag- gage. If they do not move voluntar- ily, it is an easy matter to move them when the time comes. If bees are found earlier in the season, the find- er’s name or initial should be placed on the tree and they should not be disturbed until the latter part of Sep- tember. Some wait even later than this, as the bees will not be so ac- tive. It is hardly possible to save the bees and keep them over the winter if they are taken after September. Sometimes a swarm will be found in a ledge. or occasionally in a fox hole in the ground. These occur- rences are rare, the usual place of concealment being a hollow tree. N. H. CHAS. H. CHESLEY. A PLAN FOR A HENHOUSE. In the August 15 issue of the Mich- igan Farmer, I saw Mr. Lillie’s reply to L. W. B., Mecosta county, in re- gard to a house for 200 hens, which I believe to be misleading. I do not be- lieve that Mr. Lillie would give such advise knowingly; I would rather think that he doesn’t know. It has been 12 years since I was first attacked with the hen fever, and I have never recovered from it, neith- er have I learnd it all by any means. Now, Mr. L. W. B., here are my plans for a henhouse for a few or as many hens as you want to keep under one roof, and a few “Don’ts” are also included. In the first place, select the driest spot on the farm to build your house, and figure on giving each hen six feet of floor space for the larger breeds and four for the smaller kinds. I prefer a house 12 feet deep, four feet high at the back and seven and one-half feet in front, with win- down in each end of the front and a space three feet wide by one-third the entire length of the building to be in the middle of the building. two and one-half feet, leave space of three feet and board up two feet. Cov- er this space with inch mesh poultry netting on hinged frames to swing out and up. On the inside have hing- ed frames to swing in and up to the rafters, covered with cheesecloth and burlap, to be let down only in case of bad storms. I find this plan a good one. It allows the rays of the sun in the winter to cover most all of the floor space. The inch mesh netting will keep out sparrows and allows abundance of fresh air at all times, which hens must have to do well. Now we have a house draft-proof on both ends, the north side and the roof. Be sure of no drafts if you want eggs and lots of them. On the inside there are dropping boards the entire length of house at the back of the house. The back wall and the rafters have been board- ed up on the inside as far as dropping boards extend, to make doubly sure of no drafts. On this dropping plat- form place six-inch boards with edge up and on this nail 1x3-inch planed stuff with corners rounded for roost. Under the dropping platform and out near the front edge put a Wide board on which to put the nests. The nests should be loose, also the roosts, so that housecleaning can be easily and quickly done. Don’t .build an expensive house: don’t crowd too many hens into a small house, and don’t put too few hens in a large house to warm up a lot of unnecessary air space. Oceana Co. WM Srscno. Board up . ', 9.3 5. / in. /’ F men‘s Headquarters. lubricant. 299 Broadway 21—225 I "I , I. I (v‘ 7‘ ydl INC 1 N i 5 What is your preference in a re- peating shotgun—hand- Operated or autoloading? If hand-operated. you know the Reming- ton-UMC Pump Gun. If autoloading. then get your dealer to show you the Remington-UMC Autoloading Shotgun—an arm that is performing in a way to show sportsmen that here at last is an nutoloading shotgun that works. Remington-UMC Repeating and Autoloacling Shotguns are sold by dealers everywhere. F incl. the ‘Rcd Ball Mark of ‘Rcminglon- UMC—the sign of Sports- Hc's the man. To keep your gun cleaned and. lubricated right, use Rem Oil. the new powder solvent, rust preventative, and gun Everybody knows it. e one who shows REMINGTON ARMS-UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE CO. New York Tom Profit’s Wisdom ' Scissor-I 18—5} in. Price $0.90 Sheers 31-7 in. Price $0.85 —-wife sews a lot these days. clothes fer the “grand—girls.” Mattie’s three youngsters, an’ I bought a pair of Keen Kutter shears fer her. others, an’ they didn’t wear out. when I was in town a’ Saturday I got a new pair fer her—just like the old ones. KEEN [(UTTE Scissors and Shears like I do by the Keen Kutter tools and cutlery I’ve used now fer more than forty-five year. at the points and they never work loose at the joints. She says they’ll cut anything from a clothes line to a paper pattern and she ought to know. long as the Simmons folks have been in business. that Simmons guarantee and the way they give the dealer the lief to return the money. They're right about it, she says. She’s set on makin’ That’s What she calls No, she didn’t break her She lost'em. So She swears by She says they stay right She's been usin' them fer nigh as She likes cementu‘ KEEN — Wt it": ;.a- \ k' 2g...- WIT‘I'E Kerosene. Geeollno and Gas Engines. Factory Prices Direct to Users._ 60 days Free Trial. 5—year Guaranty. Thousands in use. 2 to 22 H-P. Lower rices and higher worth than ever be ore. Easy terms of sale. Catalog Free. Let us show you. WITTE IRON WORKS CO., -* 2190 Oakland Arm. Kansas City, lo. , ' LILLIE FARI'ISTEAO POULTRY B. P. Rocks. R. I. Be . O. W. Le for sale. lb for 81: #tor $1.50: 50 for gig)” a” COLON 0. LILLIE. Cooper-ville. Mich. qILYER, White and Golden Wyandottes. Eggs from k _Whites $1.50 per 15. $2.50 per 30. Silvers a Goldens at. catalog prices. Browning's Wynndotto Farm. Portland, Michigan, -—All rize winners and breedi t k. Barred "OGkS at halli' price. Won prizeslssizlaidizgr. W. O. OOFF‘MAN. R. No. 6, Benton Harbor. Mich. DOGS. ”is soon ON 1 I“ "a: ‘ e , Dog Diseases AND HOW TO FEED Mailed Free to any address by the author H. CLAY GLOVER. V. 8. l 18 West 3 1 st Street New York POULTRY. PlllE cam wmrr onrmamus heaters: cockerels. few yearling hens. Get a. start. now. The Willie Bough Pine Crest Farm. Royal Oak. Mich. PLYMOUTH Rock cockerels 5 toll Ibs.. according to age. hens 5 to 8 lhs.. 15 eggs 31: Mammoth Bronze Tom Turkeys 8 to 35 lbs. according to age. Price to $25. 10 6388 53. A. E. OBAMTON. Vassar. Mich. 8. L. WYIIIDIIIIE [Bis—gr'fi‘ifi?‘1§fi?§3§‘ $333? Satisfaction guaranteed. LE. Oowdroy, Ithaca. Mich. FOX, COON AND RABBIT HOUNDS Broke to gun and field. Price ri 111:. F ' Coon hound pups $6 each. Stamp Kfor reployx. and H. C. LYTLE. Fredericksburg. Ohio. for hunting Fox, Ooon. Hounds at“... m mm... Shetland Pon lam Send 2o stamp. W. E. LECKY. Holmeevil 3. Ohio. Fox and Wolf Hounds oi the but English simn m America 40 years experience in breeding these fine bounds for my own sport. Save your pigs sheep and poultry. Send stamp for catalog T. B. HUDSPETH, Sibley, Jackson County, Mo. Purebred Collie Pups. Dem dri ‘es ell'kinds of live flock and poultry. Sire wrll handle 2000 sheep perfectly. Pups from this superb mattinzflo each. 0. A. Wigenk Wntervliei. lick Was-ranted to on. sum-anon. Gongbault’s Gauslic Balsam r 8...; Ila: lmllalors But Ilo competitors. A Safe, Speedy and Positive Cure for Curb, Sshnt. Sweeny Osp ed Hook, Strsine Tendons, Faun er, Wind Puil's, and all lameness from Spsvin, Ringbono and other lion‘ tumors. Cures all skin diseases or arssit Thrush, Diphtheria. Removes Bunches from Horses or Cattle. As e um Remed tor Rho ' B rsins,n80r:n'1‘hroat, T336" “5 1' Ilrv'ai‘utgiifi- {Every bottle of Cans 'o 3 sold is Wei-ranted to give satis action. rice $1.50 per bottle. Sold by druggists or sent by ex- ress. charges paid with full directions for ts use. G'Send for descriptive circulars, testimonials. etc. Address The Lawrence-Williams 00., Cleveland. 0. ONE HUNDRED HEAD 0r 3.... 0.... Steers and Heifers ready for to sell at once. Five cars of two-year-old steers will be ready for to sell Oct. 15. 1914. J. B. GARDNER. Cadillac. Michigan. L, B. 437. BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY. CATTLE. ABERDEEN ANGUS Bull calves and yearlin a ready for service. Sired b Louis of Viewpont I. Closely related to‘five éan hampions—Brother, Sister. Sire, Sire 8 other and Grandsire. (International Grand Chain-p- ion for three years in succession. Prices 875 up. Will meet prospective purchasers either at Somerset. Addison or Addison Junction. You are bound to get good calves from these bulls even with strongly dairy type grade cows. GEO. B. SMITH 6 00.. ADDISON AND SOMERSET. MICHIGAN. ABERDEEN-ANGUS HERD FOUNDED IN 1900. Strains regresented consist of Trojan Ericns. Black- birds and rides, only. Black Quality Ito. a hull of rare individuality and merit, heads the herd. WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionia. Mich. MILO D. CAMPBELL. CHAS. J. ANGEVINE. BEACH FARM QUERNSEYS We have for sale imported and home bred Bull Calves, guaranteed free from tuberculosis. They are fine and have had the best of care. Send for sale list, or what is better for both parties, come and see them. CAMPBELL 8:. ANGEVIIIE, Boldwaler, Mlcli. ~Famous May Rose Strain. A select herd. ENNIS!” Tub. Tested. Several A. It. 0. Cows. J.K. Blatohford. Windermere Farm.Watervliet,Mich, ‘Afe have for sale a number of pure Guernsey cows, heifers and bulls, also Berkshire hogs, VILLAGE FARM. Grass Lake. Michigan. Zsix months old HEREFORD BULL 1 18 montlisold. ALLEN BROS. Paw Paw. Michigan. -—The best Holstein-Friesian Breeder he, 0, the breed represented. D. D. AI l‘KEN. Flint. Michigan. fami- 31000 Buys fifteen choice light colored High Grade Holstein h8g8” 1% to 3 yr. old. All bred. some fresh soon. REAVEY. Akron. Michigan. TIIE THREE BEST IIOLSTEIN CATTLE P (1 Oh' H s and S. C. White Leghorns. 01“ FolaaESTozSIDE STOCK FARM M. H. Chamberlain Jr. Prop" Romeo. Very Choice Holstein Bulls At Farmers Prices. Long Beach Farms. Augusta, Kalamazoo 00.. Mich. Mich. I have on hand 100 high grade n0l8tein cows Heifers, age 6 mo. to 2% yrs., lots of uality and in good condition. Also a fine selectlon of Tall Matured cows. Arthur Birkholz, New Buffalo,liieh. ()LSTEIN FRIESIAN CATTLE. Bulls for sale. H the kind that will satisfy or money refunded. JONES a LUTZ. Oak Grove. Michigan. $50 ets6weeks old bull. Sire line bred Pontiac fictndyke. Dam A. R. 0. daughter of Pontiac Pauline Paul. Martin L McLaulin, Redford. Mich. F0“ S‘L -—At reasonable prices Registered Holstien Friesinn Young Sires of world's record brooding. HATCH HERD, Ypsilanti. Michigan. I Will Buy and Sell Holstein Ilaiils 2i%n‘."ia".‘.'i'ii“.; specialty. Large acquaintance among the breeders. Bank references. Freeman J. Fishbeck. HoweII.Mich. BIGELOW’S IIOLSTEIN FARMS ' Brecdsville. Michigan. Breeder of high class Registered Holsteins. “Top-Notch” Holsteins. I) II. white, born Oct. 4. 1913. gignhldggoefigizel ,rg‘dglgd d1 . lbs. butter in 7 days. $17.50 lbs I? ”autism“fh Sire‘s dam is a 22.64 ’b. 4 yin-old hter o a .- . cow. £331:an FARMS 00.. Howell. Michigan. TH E. ,MI..C,,_HIGAN ms MER. eumwmumuhmnnuwuumumummmnwn _ 9 lllllllllllll'lllll‘l in $33 "1 B (D "1 (D Q C. U CD I lllllll llllllllll OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSO- CIATION OF FARMERS’ CLUBS. President—Jas. N. McBride, Burton. Vice-president—J. F. Rieman, Flint. Secretary-Treasurer—Mrs. C. P. Johnson, Metamora. Corresponding Secretary—Mrs. J. S. Brown, Howell. Directors—Wm. T. Hill, Carson City; Jerry Spaulding, Belding; R. J. Robb, Mason; Joseph Harmon, Battle Creek; 2.1 B. Scully, Almont; C. T. Hamline, ma. Address all communications relative to the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C. P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich. Associational Motto: “The skillful hand mind is the farmer’s asset.” with cultured most valuable Associational Sentiment: “The Farmer: He garners from the soil the primal wealth of nations." FARMERS’ CLUB EXPERIENCE. (Continued from last week). Shortly after the holding of the farmers’ institute, mentioned in the first installment of this narrative, I met an acquaintance who had been largely instrumental in the organiza- tion of the Farmers’ Club, and was naturally enthusiastic regarding it and the work which it was doing. In- cidentally, he asked me if I had at- tended the Club institute and I replied that I did not. He then launched into a glowing account of the meeting and said that I had made a great mistake by not attending. This I readily ac- knowledged without entering into any explanation of the reason why I had not gone. He then asked me if I had attended any of the meetings of the Club and I replied in the negative, making the excuse that I had been too busy to give the time to such recreation, rather than telling him the true reason, which was that I had never received a special invitation to attend a Club meeting. But I fancy that he must have divined that rea- son, since he at once gave me a press- ing invitation to attend the next heet- ing of the Club, which was to be held at his home. We attended this meeting with mix- ed feelings of anticipation, but with something of unfounded prejudice against the organization, due to pre- vious isolation from it. The Club had by this time a large membership, scattered over a rather wide territory. As before stated, we lived on the ex- treme edge of this territory from which the membership was drawn and it happened that none of our imme- diate neighbors were present at this meeting. We had a casual, speaking acquaintance with perhaps half of the hundred or more people who were present at this meeting and many or the others we did not know at all, al- though we had for years lived within a dozen or so miles of them. But all were cordial in their welcome and the day was spent far more pleasant- ly than we had anticipated. At the cloSe of the meeting our membership was solicited and we joined the Club, along with several others who were also attending their first meeting. After this experience we rarely missed a meeting of the Club during the decade which marked the remain- mg years of our residence in that community. As a consequence our circle of friends was greatly enlarged and although we rarely met these new found friends except atthe Club meet- ings, the social benefit which accrued to us from such association with them was a most advantageous one and made life much better worth the living, had no other noticeable benefit resulted. There were many other ben- efits, but there must be left until an- other time for enumeration in order that the remaining space at my dis-_ pose] in this issue may be used to point a moral from this experience. There are, I believe, very many ex- cellent farm people in every commu- nity of the state who would gladly affiliate themselves with a Farmers' Club if they were asked to do so, but who will not put themselves forward to the extent of openly seeking such an affiliation. For one reason and an- other these people do not get such an invitation, and so remain outside the membership of a Farmers’ Club. It may be because the membership of the local Club is limited to a certain number of families, or it may be sim- ply accidental. But they are being deprived of the benefits which accrue from a membership in 3. Farmers’ Club whatever the reason, and the Farmers Club movement in Michigan could be given a great impetus by either inviting them into the member- ship of existing Clubs or by a little missionary work in the organization of other Clubs in their immediate communities. (Continued next week). CLUB DISCUSSIONS. Organize New C!ub.~—~I wish to re- port on the organization of our Farm- ers’ Club. On June 10 we et and organized the Lone Tree armers’ Club, of Grand Traverse county. This organization is to include the entire family, but we have set the limit at 12 families. We meet on the third Friday of every month at 2:30 p. m., and at 10:30 a. m. during the winter. A little entertaining program is fol- owed by a paper or talk and discus- sion. It is our wish to remain inde~ pendent of the State' Club Association until we are on a firm working basis and in good running order. Officers were elected as follows: President, Robt. Barney; vice—president, James Harris; secretary, Elijah L. Ransom; treasurer, Hugh F. Buell. Incidentally, our next meeting on August 26 will be held at Long Lake, where we shall all enjoy a picnic dinner and a “Soil” talk by Professor Zimmer later. Al- though we are not yet members of the State Farmers Club Association, yet we are headed that way—Rev. Elijah L. Ransom, Sec. EllllllllllllIlllIlllllllllllllllllllllllfllllllll'lllllllllIllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllilliHHlllllllllllHillllllllgi; E Grange. g Ellllllll[IHIlI|IlllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllIIllllllllllilll||IlllllllllillIlllllllilllllIlllllllllllllllIHIIIIIHIIEI Our Motto—“The farmer is of more consequence than the farm, and should be first improved.” WHAT THE GRANGES ARE DOING IN ILLINOIS. The following interesting items have to do with some of the Granges in Winnebago county, Illinois, and are here printed as suggesting lines of work in which other Granges may well engage: In Maple Grove Grange a married people’s chorus was organized to fur- nish music for every meeting. A young lady member who recently took the short course in domestic science in the state university told the Grange about it. “The Need and Benefit of Farm Accounting” was discussed by a competent accountant employed by a farming implement factory. Maple Grove has started 21 Grange newspap- er caller the Breezy News, its con- tents being of local interest. At one meeting a short talk was given by a man who came with the necessary ballots to show the women how to vote. Afterward the county agricul- tural adviser gave an interesting talk on “Selection of Seeds and Prepara- tion of Seed Bed.” Westfield Grange changed the time of meeting from the day meetings that have been held all winter, to the evening sessions, and listened to a. timely talk on “Soil Problems” by the country argircultural adviser and a. talk on “Road Improvement” by the superintendent of highways. Harmony Grange is to hold all its meetings at the consolidated school- house in its district. As there is a. domestic science department, which they are free to use, it makes the SEPT. 12, 1914. work of entertainment very easy, a. host and hostess being appointed who entertain as if in their own homes. It is doubtful if any Grange in Illinois has established so close a relation to the school as has this Grange. The result is being seen in the increased membership, which is largely teach- ers and scholars. At one meeting 17 applications for membership-were re- ceived, most of them being from high school boys attending the consolidat- ed school. Riverside Grange ladies gave a. housekeepers’ carnival at a recent meeting. One of them presided and introduced the several characters as they appeared. The first was Mrs. Epicure, who discussed “Three Meals a Day.” Then Mrs. Orderly spoke about order and cleanliness. Mrs. Motherly talked about the care and bringing up of children. Mrs. Social dwelt on the social spirit in the rural community. The carnival ended with tableau, “Work, for the Night is Com- ing,” by three ladies. County Line Grange has a current events feature in which everything of special interest the world over is touched upon. It is a great help in keeping busy farmers posted. This Grange has an orchestra among its members. Centerville Grange recently had a. meeting in the interests of the rural school, at which the program was in charge of three school directors, one from each district represented in the Grange. The subject under discussion was, “How Shall we Get more People to Attend the School Meetings?” The county judge also gave a. talk on “Women and the Vote.” THE PARADE AT THE BIG FOUR COUNTY RALLY. Michigan farm life, both past and present, was well depicted in the var- ious designs of the floats in the pa.- rade of the recent big four county ral- ly at Lowell. Upon one of these floats artistically decorated, the vil- lage band led the way, and each float and automobile had its striking de~ sign of decoration. South Boston Grange showed itself to be a live wire by having five floats in the parade. The old prairie schoon- er was roughly arrayed and took us back to those times scarcely remem- bered by those still living. The float bearing a group labeled “Thorough- Breds,” of‘neatly dressed boys and girls,( deserves mention. The primi- tive wheat field with the laborers at their noonday luncheon, attracted considerable attention as it was true to life in the time long before the in- troudction of modern farm machinery. The float, “Indian Camp Life,” and the “Apple Orchard,” gave a sharp contrast of Michigan of yore and Michigan of today. A trained calf yolked to a small wagon and drawing a little girl, attracted considerable at- tention. Grattain, Keene and Berlin vied with each other in their floats. Ber- lin’s floats represented the “Court of Pamona” and their minstrel float evi- dently intended to suggest the social side of Grange. Keene’s “Grange in Session,” and “Home Life on the Farm,” .were equal- ly artistic. Seweba .Grange deserves special mention for the auto float called “King Corn,” which was well decorated with corn products and colored crepe. Three automobiles beautifully dec- orated, carried “Votes for \Vomen” banners and one lone vehicle very modestly displayed a “Votes for Men” banner. COMING EVENTS. Montcalm Pomona Grange will meet with Howard City Grange, Thursday, September 17. Subscribe for the Michigan Farmer to May 1, 1915, for only 25 cents. This is for new subscribers only. WNM’M" In.” .m‘“ 6.». W... ‘ SEPT. 12, 19.14. i3illlllilllHiilliiliillIlull!li”lliHill"lilllliil|IllliillllIilllllllilllill||lliliiilllllilllllllllllllilllllllllllg : Veterinary. 5mmIllllllIiiilllllllIlllllillllflllllillllllIllllliillilliliillllllllllllllllllllllliiiillilIillllllllllllllllllllllfi CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR. V. S. llllllllllllllllllllllllll , Each com- munication should state history and symptoms of the case in full; also name and address of writer. Initials only will be published. Many quer- ies are answered that apply to the same ailments. If this column is watched carefully you will probably find the desired information in a re- ply that has been made to someone else. When reply by mail is request- ed. it becomes private practice, and a fee of $1.00 must accompany letter. Cow Leaks Milk—I have a five- year-old Jersey cow that leaks milk from all four teats and I would like to know if there is any medicine that I can give her which will prevent it. W. F. 8., Adrian, Mich—Milk her three or lfour timles a day, or you mig t app y teat p ugs. Callous on Outside of Hock—I bought a two-year-old colt that had a. soft bunch on outside of hock Juint, but now this bunch is hard and has the appearance of a callous. J. E. Y., Avilla, Ind—Apply equal parts tinc- ture of iodine and spirits of camphor to bunch once a day. Weak Back—I have a mare which I wrote to you about one year ago; she had been stifled and had enlarged joint; your prescription was applied and it affected a cure. Now, this same mare does not appear to be sick, is doing very good work every day. but when down is unable to get up without assistance. I. have been told she met with an accident two years ago, at which time she was struck with a log, hurting her hip. I would like to breed her if you believe it would not be a mistake to do it. D. F., Ellsworth, Mich—Give her 1 dr. of ground nux vomica and a teaspoon- ful of powdered nitrate of potash at a dose in feed three times a day. Ap- ply equal parts turpentine, aqua am- monia and raw linseed oil to back and hip every day or two. It will do no harm to breed her. Scaly Leg on Chickens—Opacity of Cornea—Would like a remedy' for scaly leg in chickens, and would also like to know what can be done to re- move a light-colored film that covers eye ball of our dog. N. P.. Buternut, Mich—Before applying a. remedy, the legs should be soaked in warm water until the scales soften, then wash scales off with soap and water and when thoroughly softened, the loose scales may be removed without caus- ing bleeding. A coating of soft soap applied to legs and leaving it on for 15 or 20 hours, will often clean the legs of scales. Apply one part car- bolic acid and ten parts lard or vase- line, or apply basam of peru. Apply calomel to eye once or twice a day and give dog three drops of Fowler’s solution and two grains of potassium iodide at a dose in feed or water twice a. day. Pin Worms—I would like to know how to treat a colt that is troubled with pin worms. M. S., Dansville, Mich—Drop one pound of quassia chips in six quarts of boiling water and let it simmer for two hours, or soak the chips in tepid water for 12 hours. strain and inject some of this fluid into rectum three times a. week. Rheumatism—I have two young sows that raised nine pigs each, but about a month after they farrowed. the sows began to show a little lame- ness and have never gotten over it. B. 0.. Perry, Mich—Give 30 grains of sodium salicylate to the two sows at a dose three times a day for a week, then give 10 grains of powdered col- chicum seed and 15 grains of nitrate of potash to each sow two or three times a day for a week, then give the sodium salicylate for a week or two. You are perhaps feeding them too much corn and not enough oats and green feed. Internal Hemorrhage—~Barrenness. -—I have a cow that came fresh last October; seemed to be all right until spring, when she became sick, passed some blood and appeared to be weak; could hardly get her to stand up while I milked her. I called our 10- cal Vet. who said that she had womb trouble; left medicine for her, and thought she would be all right when she came in heat. I also have another cow that had dead calf lately and she has not been in heat since. H. J. M., Wheeler, Mich—Give her 1 dr. ground nux vomica, 2 drs. of powdered capsi- cum, té oz. ground ginger at a dose in feed two or three times a day and she will prehaps come in heat. Now your other cow doubtless has a uter- ine or vaginal polypus or some little hemorrhage into bowel which causes her to pass blood and will be best treated by a Vet. Injections of weak sugar of lead and water, or alum wa-‘ ter are proper remedies to apply. THE MICHIGAN F‘ARMER Me rry War Powdered Lye Compared with Other Lye torHogs “. ........ I will tell you oily experience with MERRY WAR POWDERED LYE compared with other lye for hogs. I ed MERRY WAR POWDERED LYE last winter when the hogs were dying all around me. and my hogs were as thrifty as I ever had, so when I moved last spring and was unable to get it here, I fed other brands of lye that were recommended to me. and shoats got blind staggers, or something like it, so when one of our merchants. got; MERRY WAR POWDERED LYE . one can put my shouts right again. I would have written sooner. but I wanted to wait until I was sure that MERRY WAR POWDERED LYE had cured my hogs. I am satisfied it is all right now. and never expect to be Without it as long as I raise hogs ......... ” (Original letter on file in our oflice. Name and address will be furnished upon application to us. E. Myers Lye Co.) Costs 1.06 . enough to keep a hog well conditi It. is convenient to buy in case lots. 4 dozen cans, $4.80. at which if your dealers won't supply you. When ordering send us your Merry War POWdel'ed Lye 542 per Boo. per Month. To Feed Regulnrly Twice Each Day can of Merry War PO WDERED Lye Contains 120 Feeds— one for 2months. For sale at most drugfilsts, grocers and feed dealers. 1 cs wew ship to you direct, prepaid. ealers’ names. Don’t Take Chances Putting Anything Claimed To Be “Just as Good” In Your Hogs’ Stomachs Don't make doubtful and grilling?) dangerous experiments with ‘ "any old lye". Merry War POW Lye has been prevail—its use is not_an experiment—it ls_oafo to use according to simple directions. Let us send you fro. our valuable booklet “How to et E 4" 4 fun: ‘. a “vanities”: the BiggestProfits from Hog Raising”. " . 9 ‘. That’s what_{0u can do WI h " THE IRELAND wood ' ’ sawmc mncnms Table mounted on grooved rolls. Saw above center so it. cuts down and in—not against 0 orator. Logs moved easily—almost self feeding. cos a week s work in a day. Pays big dividends. Write for printed matter-also on our Drag Snw Machines. Sew and Shingle hills and Hoists. Unoqualled values on Canvas Belting. Ireland Machlna 8:. Foundry 60.. 33 State St.,llorwlcll,ll.v. _ A Grandson of KING OF THE PONTIAGS ROSE HAIL PONTIAG MAHOMET, three years old. four-fifths white,a fine individual. bred right, is right and the price is right. He is by one of the best individual and best pro- ducing sons of King of the Pontiacs. and out. of Nettie Mahomet Lyons De K01. butter 23.79 lbs. from 531 lbs. of milk at 12 years old. I am also offering Your Choice of Ten Gown from my entire herd. This is a chance to get. the right kind of a bull and just such cows as you should have. ' L. E. CONNELL, Fayette, Ohio. ESPANORE FARM, LANSING, MICH. Register’d'Holsieins Bull Calves $50 to $200. An absolute guarantee with each purchase. cnasn s. OSBOBN g Own." . HATCH. ADAM E. rmnoosbn. . Supt. $100 BUYS express paid. high record. registered eight months ol HOLS’I‘EI BULL ZG-Ib. sire. Kip; Eagle and Bengerveld De Rol blood. RIVERVIE FARM. R. No. 8. Vassar. Mich. Fun s‘lE—High grade Holstein calves by 25 lb. sire. Week old bulls 810.. heifers 315. crated. CHAS. S. RILEY. R. No. l. Metamora. Michigan. . ' ' 4 and 5 months old. Two Beautiful Holstein Heller: Mostly .11.... very hi h class in every res act. 5135 each. 3250 for both. do ivered free. HOBA T W. FAY. Mason. Michigan. EGISTERED HOLSTEINS—Herd headed by Albina R Bonte Butter Boy No. 93124. whose dam has semi- oflicial yearly record. Butter802 lbs. Milk 186221bs. as a 2-yr.~old. No stock for sale. W. B. Bender. Howell, Inch. Purebred Registered HOLSTEIN CA I I LE The Greatest Dairy Breed Sand for FREE Illustrated Booklets flolnoin-Frieiien. Auo..Box '64. Bnflloboro.Vt. ’JERSEYS‘§P£a°S§V§§.2§2-‘iinsipidiidé‘iofiei’dh'it SMITH & PARKER. Howell. Michigan. MAPLE Lane Register of Merit Jersey Herd—Tu- berculin tested by U.B. Government. Bull calves from cows in R. of M. test. Heifer calves whose dams. grand~dams. and veal: grand-dams are in the Register of Merit. IR IN FOX. Allegan. Michigan. NOW IN SERVICEiinghtgfifptliifomllflrii? GREGORY a BORDEN. Howell. Michigan. Llllie Farmstead Jerseys (Tuberculln tested. Guuantoou free from Tuber- culosis.) Several good bulls an: bull calves out of good ry cows for sole. 0 “oxides for solo at present. Salli-foo (131.01! HILL CREST JERSEYS See them at the fan-e. Grand Rapids and Detroit. Wednesday. 9. in Jersey day at Detroit. 3. . WATTLEB. Troy. Michigan. JERSEYS -Por list of stock for sole and Jens facts write A. P. EDISON. Sec. M. J. 0. 0.. 326 W. ridge. Grand Rapids. Mich. a breeder and a member of M. J. O. 0. send list of stock for sale to the above. Fill! SILE: llEBlSIEIlEll JERSEYS—gfil‘°b§i’v‘§.’.°‘l in nths old $25. Heifers of all anon. Some bred ° J. w. HELME. Adrian. Michigan. Jersey Bull You can buy cows of high producing value or you may develop them. The bull is the most important factor in development. A thoroughbred Jersey bull paysbig returns on his cost every year. Let us send you someJol-sey facts. The American Jersey Cattle Club 324 West 23d Street. New York City gERS EY 153.51%? listLbfiii‘i’in‘SS“ zookwater l'axm. R. F. D. No. '1. Ann Arbor. Mich BUTTE R B R E D JEi‘b’EfsffiisLLs CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM. Silver Creek. Allegan County. Michigan. F OR, 3 A LE Registered Jersey Cattle. Mature cows and heifers. WATERMAN a WATERMAN. Ann Arbor. Michigan. llairy Brod Shorihorns, Haw Female: For Sale. J. B. HUMMEL. Mason. Michigan. FOR SALE‘E‘ishssulsr 3““ HENRY J. LYNCH. Mayvllle. Michigan. Foil s“. —aAngesrling Shorthorn bull. color red little white. Write for pedigree and price. Wm. D. McMullen. 67 Madison St..Adrian.Mich. Young Shorihorn Bull: aggi’téi’iflé’." yearn" H. B. PETERS. Burton. Michigan. R. R. Elsie. Sh IIIIOIII S500buys two cows three and four yrs.. 0 3 one yearling heifer and two calves six month. A. A. PATTULLO. Deckerville.Michigan. SHEEP. IT PAYS TO BUY PURE BRED SHEEP OF PARSONS "Elgsfgggpen geeglgnsnshig eveg: 0‘33; .pd descrIDfiVD ‘ .. , , .. .. .49’ price list. x ords. dlSh'é'P ' End-ii”; "3"” .. .:.-,r.,' .r-..-‘» P Hed- .‘l. :(.o,/ -': $131.38..“ 0 Grand Ledge. Michigan R l arons RAM —8HBOPSHIRES OXFORDS AND HAMPSHIRES. Good strong well wooled fellows ready for business. Shipped to you without the monex. Isn.t that fair? f so write KOPE KON F RM. Kinderkook. Michigan. FOR SALE—tr. antennas“ W GEORGE J. DOSTER. Doctor. Michigan. ' —Yearlin and ram lambs from Oham ion L'ICCSIUIS flock of ‘fhumb of Mich. Also select B‘ékr- shire swine. Elmhurst Stock Farm. Almont. Mich. Oxforddown Yearlings and Ram Lambs M. F. GANSSLEY. Lennon. Michigan. thopshire Yearling and Ram Lambs, large frames. L Wool and Mutton type. Also 0. I. C. swine. G. P. ANDREWS. Dansville. Michigan. SHROPSHIRES-garnetsngs. rays: W. P. PULLING & SON. Patina. Michigan. SHROPSHIHE RIMS Mill EWS FOR SALE DAN BOOHER. BJNO. 1, Marion. Michlglin. THE MAPLES SHROPS—We ofl'er 20 extra yearling rams. aZ—yr-old stock ram bred by Campbell. also ewes. E. E. Leland & Son. R. R. 9. Ann Arbor. Mich. FOR SALE—Reg. Shropshire Rams and Ram Lambs. also Ewes and Ewe lambs. Extra well covered with wool. M. A. BRAY. Okemos. Inghain Co.. Mich. [1008. ' ' —A few extra Sept. Bone nnd b h “HIMSCVICIOMS of Gilts for 1st of April rail???“ M. T. STORY, Lowell. Mich.. Citizens Phone 55. llllllllilli BRED BEBKiHlHES—gfifii‘iobé’e‘fiw‘éhié old re istered stock. 86.00 and 38.00. D. fr. ALENTINE. Supt” Temperance, Michigan. 23—-227 o. l- c. Maro‘llt; .A‘ rtiiltllnill ray pigsgkthe big, 0W y n a a ways ma es 80((1, LEMUELNI 0L8. 8.1.1). No. 2. Lawrence. Mich, ' -Be¢. Bred Guts—Orders taken for chest" Ihlios . - ~ , prin lgs and Collie ups. Hol t . Bulls at Bargains. HAYES. PARHAM. 8 em - - —-R d t ' cflllsior Willis Boar: &. Ellis... 33.}... 3.933331% Si‘éi’ 0 our ing etc of pigs. Registration papers free. Thos. a. Eager. Mgr” The Osborne Farm. Area. Ill. ‘ _. —Choice 3 ring boars from A No. l o. [0 Co Stock. Pedigrees furnished. H.1WEBER. Royal Oak. Michigan. ronson. Mich. — red sows and spring pigs large and growth ' 'IIcI Pairs and trios. not akin ‘ 'rite our wanth GLENWOOD STOCK FARM. Zeelalid. Mich: ! All sold. Would be 1 edt b k 0' II c 5 your order for s i-lJnaga'F in? 00 , c. J. THOMPSON. Rockford). Micfil ’ ~Large boned. shipped on approval. 00 I. C Swan‘s not. akin. registered free. J. W. KO ELL. Elsie. Michigan. hoicely Bred Chester Whites. Spring pigs either sex pedi- . gm furnished. Sent C. 0. D. subject to examination. for prices and brooding, Address. John Gintling. Bronson. Mich. O. . ’s-Slpringfpigs. pings afnd tries. not. a in. rpm 8 a 6 air winners. AVONDALE STOCK FARM. Wayne. Michigan. —Choice sprin hours of M h 0. I. C- April farrovg. Prices right. and JOHN BEBNER it SON. Grand Ledge. Michigan. Choice pigs two to four mos.. th 0- II c- long bodied kind. Serviceable boar: ALVIN V. IIAT'I‘. Grass Lake. Michigan. 9 ~Growthy a rip b . 8 t‘ -' 0- I. C s faction minim?“ a m A. R. GRAHAM. FLINT. MICHIGAN. J 0. I. C. SPRING PIGS"§2’.§1§%‘§§ 2‘33 $.33? pigs. H. W. MANN. Daneville. Michigan. u I c SWIIIO—Also Holstein Bull calf sired by a 26-“). - - I son of Ypsilanti Sir Korndyke Deliol. Clover Leaf Stock Form. B. No. 1. Monroe. Mich. —May I have the pleas- Ou Io Co SWine ore of receiving your order for a pair or trio. not akin. of April and May farrow. They are bred ri ht. 8 ti f .t' guaranteed. A. J. GORDEN. R. o. 2. Diarialh‘ilfhlf 9 —I have a fine lot. of last OCT. 0. I. C S. GILTB. bred. Weight 300 to 350. Also last spring BOARS. Half mile west of Depot. Nashville. Michigan. OTTO B. SCHULZE. DUROC JERSEY BOARS Spring Pigs and Yearlings From Prize-Winning Stock Special Prices for 30 Days. Write. or better still. come. Breakwater Farm, Ann Arbor, Mich. .H.F.D 7. UROC JERSEYS—35 fancy boars and gilts of popular blood llncs. good individual quality. Special prices for 30 days. JOHN Mc.\lCOLL. Sta. A. R. 4. Bay City. Michigan. if D i mill-El. SIOOK FIRM 32.21.25 .5331 13523133 prices. E. R. CORNELL. Howell. Michigan. DUROC JERSEYS, Bred Gills For Sale. CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings, Michigan. DU ROG J E RSEYS‘ZSlgi‘u‘iiiii’SEiS' breeding. W. C. TAYLOR. Milan, Michigan. also spring gilts and July pigs for sale. nuroc Jamey Boats of the large. heavy boned type. Plum Creek Stock Farm. 11. o. 1. Monroe. Mich. . customers. A. A. IlUll0C JERSEYS-95:35.15?” 3223’ a? 8“ STAHLM AN. Cherry Lawn Farm. R.2. S epherd. Mich: AMPSHIRE Swine—Breedingwstock of all ages from most'popular strains. rite for breeding, Inspection inv1ted. Floyd Myers. R. 9. Decatur. Ind. roiinn cums-3st disseminate? Prices right. W. J. HAGELSHAW. Augusta, Mich. FOR SALE~A choice bunch of Poland Chinas. all ages.rover fifty head to choose from. Prices right. CLYDE FISHER, St. Louis. Mich. UTLER'S Big Boned Prolific Poland Chinae. Grow big. kee easy. mature early. ready for market at Smonths. Yhy‘? Because we've bred them that way for more than 20 years. 50 big boned. long bodied. high class boars at farmers‘ prices. Buy one and make more money on your hogs. 'ou can’t. get any better at any price. P.C. History Free. J. 0. Butler. Portland.Mich. L‘RGE IYPE P c —-_Largest in Mich. Fall pigs all - - sold. order a spring pig sired by the largest boar in the U. 8.. weight 900 l 5.. 24 months old. Come and see. Expenses represented. W. E. LIVINGSTON. aid if not as aims. Mich. BIG TYPE POLAND CHINE—534%? p353 new homes. They are corker’s and immuned. M. WAFFLE. Coldwatcr. Michigan. ' of the bi type. March d A ll POIIIId china: fax-row. The kind that palgnse glu- WOOD & SON. Saline. Mich. 'R SALE—Choice Poland China pigs. April furrow, either sex. one year] lng boar. Come and make selec- tion if convenient. A. 0. Shinnhorgnr, R. 1, Crystal, Mich ARGE styled Poland China. Spring Pigs. oldei: sows bred for fall farrow. All-:0 Shot-thorn ROBERT NEVE. Pierson. Michigan. F0" s‘LE—A choice bunch of March and April boar _ pigs. a few herd headers. Prices reasonable. Satisfaction guaranteed. R. W. MlIIH. Saline. Mich. Bred sows. bred gilts and boar MUIe FOOI pigs. not related. for sale. Sails faction guaranteed. G. (l. KRKGLOW. Ada, Ohio CHESHIRE Swine—March d: Apr. pigs ready to ship. Pairs not. akin. College Princess and Cooks Bacon foundation stock. Geo. S. McMullen.Grand Ledge.Mich. YORKSHIRES biffié‘fi" “”3369.“ 533.2. Mi: Di . for prices. OSTRANDER Blgas. Morley. Mich. YORKSHIRES The large. long-bodied. prolific ki d. G'lt September and October flu-row.n A clioizgrladit ‘2; spring boars and gllts. Prices reasonable. W. C. COOK. R. 42, Ads. Michigan. Bull calves. ' —Reg. Berkshire Boers ready for services Bullshit” also spring pigs either sex at farmer. prices. White Oak Farm. R. No. 4. Brown City. Mich, o I c' -—For 12 years I have been breeding Big Type 0.1.0. I . s swine and now have one of the best Big Type herds inftho lend. quality considered. Herd boar. Lengthy Prince No. 88161, vol. ill 0. I. C. record. a 700 lb boar in breeding condition. White Monarch No. 4%)58. vol. 16. 0. l. 0. record. a 500 lb. Jr. yearling. Dome of equal size and merit. Young stock for sale at all time. Prices reasonable. Will shin C 0.D, NEWMAN’S STOCK FARM. R. No. l. Marlena. Michigan, Lillie Farmstead Yorkshire: Open gilts and gilts bred for September furrow. Sprn pigs either sex. pain and trios not skin. Sails action guaranteed. COLON C. LILLIB. Coopersville. Michigan. When writing to advertisers please mention The M ichigan Farmer. f 23’Q1 11111 nuansqhhnnah "‘IIIIII}! I' I‘III'II’IIII. jIII TN“ . . “.9124" ETIIII I IIIII‘III ‘ IIIIII HAkI '5“ng i IIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIII IIIIIII 1 IIID' 'f‘IIIIIYI’I IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII71 I IIIIIIIII I.IIIIIII - _ _..=:.;:._;____ ’7 -—_ .—_ .— _-—_—_‘—.I.—.-,.-—.hr-— 5-:- I” \ ‘f W 1—3— . ‘ 9 .1! .4' You Have a “Friend” .. 9 \N/ 122% in the Wholesale Stove Proved the Price and Quality We Prepay the Freight to You Friend to 30 Days’ 275,000 Stove Buyers Free Trial Cash or Mail Coupon or Postal for 't Today Easy . , But better than any chance you have The Kalamazoo book offers easy terms, Terms ' had at a wholesale price is this offer on too. Factory price. free trial, no freight for stoves—“A Kalamazoo Direct to You.” you ‘50 pay-fand in. addition take many months to pay if you like. OST of us have had a chance now and then to buy something at wholesale. We have needed this or that or the other thing and have remembered that John or George, or some one else we know, is connected with that business. “Surely he can get us an inside price’ ’—we say. And sure enough he can and deer. This means not only wholesale but factory price. These are not promises. The Kalamazoo N ‘ f‘ d . h b . bookwthe ”friend” that has saved $5.00 0 Perf’onal “en “1 t e Stove “51’ to $40.00 each for 275,000 families—doesn’t ness, for instance, could do as much for make promises. It’s all in black and white you as the Kalamazoo Catalog. agreements—backed by a $100,000.00 Bank It comes direct from the makers. It Bond Guarantee with the lst National Bank of quotes you the makers’ price, delivered Kalamazoo. to your railroad station free. Try This White Enameled It shows you 500 styles andsizes— Kitchen Kabinet Free not just a few that you [lave to like. . The latest great success of the Kalamazoo Stove Company is this beautiful, all metal Kitchen Kabinet. Sit before the polished top of this handsome. sanitary, sturdy kabinet and get your meals ready complete. A place for everything -everything in its place. Steps saved time saved, foods protect- ed, no wood to warp andcrack. no sticking drawers. no Vermin—as easy to clean as a dinner plate. Large assortment of finest equip- ment tree with each kabinet. Write for Free Kitchen Kahinet Book Direct to you Factory Price puts this finest of all kabinets within easy reach of every purse. Cash or easy payments. It says to you: Try the one you like at this low price. Try it free thirty days. Don’t send us the money. Don’t even deposit the full price. " If after the free trial the stove or range or furnace or kitchen kabinet, whatever it may be, isn’t exactly what you want, if it hasn’t proved its extra big value for the low price—then ship it back at our expense. And after the 30 days’ free trial you still have a whole year in which to test Heating Plans Free the stove. If any flaws develop, you Dom decide on your heating ' ' II system for home. church, school have Just as strong a claim on us ten or otherbuildings before youget months after purchase as you have ten freepluns andfactorypnccs from the Kalamazoo expert engineers. days after. - They plan the whole thing scion- tifically. free, without ohligating you to buy. and send blue prints with price for complete job to the nickel. Furnace. pipings, regis- ters, fittings, everything included. Write for Free Furnace Book The Inside Story of Stove Makin and Buying. High Prices Expos Write for the Kalamazoo Catalog now No matter where you expect to buy. It will make you a better judge of stoves th 1n the dealer. It will make you a judge of fair prices. It will show you the latest impyovements. It will teach you the economics way of buying our savmg will be $5. 00 to $40 Ex lains man Kalamazoo ~ according to What: you need. p Y ad vantages and big,r saving. I—I-I—I—I—I—I_l— AakforStoveCatalogNo.113 Kalamazoo Stove CO., Mfrs, Kalamazoo, Mich. Do you want theStove and Range Book—the Furnace Book—the Gas Stove Book—the Kitchen Kabinet Book? Mention the one or more wanted. Mail This FRE s33}: KALAMAZOO STOVE CO., Kalamazoo, Michigan P ”21131333 {:3}.ng Stoves and Ranges [:1 Furnaces D Gas Stoves Kitchen Kabinets :A KG] ama l o 0 Name I l ' l '1 (T 1 id x Address __ ~' “I ‘H II DirQCt to You” ., I‘ ’1’"