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\ The only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.

DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, NOV. 14, 1914.





'va. cxun. No. 20.

.Wbolc Number 3809.





\





 





T is not our purpose to! set one.





farming community of Michigan



over against ‘others, for it is with-'

out the range of human possibilities

to analyze the local conditions of ev-

ery neighborhood sufficiently carefully

to make comparisons. But when we

find a neighborhood of farmers who

show an unusual spirit of progressive-

ness we feed it a duty, as well as a

pleasure, to study the neighborhood

and make a report.



It was with this in mind that we re-

cently made a trip to Mecosta county

where, we had been informed, the

farmers were doing some things dif-

ferently than were their contempor-

aries in other parts. Our trip was not

disappointing. Here in this compara-

tively new section of the state were

found a variety of institutions organ-

ized and maintained by farmers and

business men for the betterment of

agriculture. ‘



Entering a drug store at Fremont

we saw, among a considerable number

of books, several volumes dealing

with agricultural subjects. This was

so unusual that curiosity was aroused,

and upon inquiry of the proprietor, we

were informed that these books were

used as texts by the students of the

local high school. A short time ago

a four-year agricultural course had

been added to the curriculum. At the

school we discovered a well-equipped

laboratory and lecture room where

scientific agriculture is taught.



Further investigation revealed the

fact that the very flower of the youth

of the community is here being en-

thused over subjects pertaining to

farm life. There is a very liberal per-

centage of the high school pupils who

have elected agriculture instead of

other lines of study, and among these

is a goodly number of town boys. So

effective has become this method of

disseminating up-to-date agricultural

knowledge that the whole community

seems appraised of the excellent work

now being done at the high school.





The course covers a considerable

range of topics, including a study of

plants, insects, soils, live stock, farm

practices, etc., for the boys, and sew-

ing, cooking and other household sub-

jects for girls. The curriculum is so

arranged that a Wide field of investi-

gation is opened to the minds of

these young men and women and sug-

gests to them not the drudgery of

farm life and all that has gone to





new life takes the family and the

neighbors out of the rut and shows

them a horizon that is endless and in-

viting.



The next institution We visited was

a co-operative creamery. The high

school work was promising of future

results, the creamery was giving im-

mediate returns. The class—room,how-

ever, is developing men of a stamp

that will make the co-operative or-





 





 





 





 





 





 





The Farmers’ Co-operative Creamery is a Valuable Municipal Asset.





make it unattractive to young people,

but opens to them the great possibil-

ities in a way that lasting impressions

are likely to be made.



The efficiency of this institution in

the fight against. antiquated farming

methods and in the introduction of

those practices that include the best

of the scientifical and practical can-

not be controverted. It carries sug-

gestion to the very heart of the home.

Parents are asked pertinent questions

upon subjects of which they perhaps

had never thought. New ideas about

old things give the family a more

cheerful interest in the common

things about them. Thought and dis-

cussion are stimulated and the desire

to know more becomes rampant until





 





 





 





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The Warehouse of the Cooperative Produce Company.





ganization more stable and more ser~

viceable.



Tens of thousands of dollars are be-

ing paid annually to the dairy farm-

ers of the community by this business

concern. These farmers feel that they

are getting about. what they should for

the butter—fat delivered to the cream-

ery building. A slight sacrifice of

supposed independence has resulted

in a welcome gain. The idea of organ-

ization, of pulling together, is getting

hold of these farmers. They are quick

to see how that well-trained soldiers

are likely to be more successful on

the battlefield than the willing but un-

skilled men.



This creamery has been operating

for a full decade. The illustration





50 CENTS A YEAR.

82 FOR 5 YEARS.





xamplcs of Community Organization





herewith indicates in itself that the

business is flourishing. The good

will of the farmers who patronize it

speaks still louder of its success, and

the town people have come to lock up-

on it as a fixed business that helps

the municipality every bit as much as

if the business was under private

ownership. And why not? As much

or more cream is coming here than

would come to a private creamery,

(more, we believe, because the better

prices given for dairy butter and the

lower prices made on feed naturally

stimulates dairying), and the money

coming to the farmers for this cream

is largely spent in the town.



Now, where the co-operative spirit

has been once planted it has the pow-

er of stooling out, of spreading from

one line of activity to another. The

community about Fremont illustrates

this tendency. After farmers had

learned that they could co-operate in

the making of cream and butter and

selling it to good advantage they con-

ceived the idea of (to-operating in the

developing of their dairy herds and so

here was organized the first coopera-

tive cow testing association in the

United States. Today the idea of co-

operative cow testing associations has

spread to all the dairying sections of

the country and the man who was

largely responsible for the success of

the local association at Fremont is

now at the head of this work for the

United States Department of Agri-

culture.



Then the fruit and potato growers

of the community began to realize the

advantage of doing business together,

so they organized the Fremont Co-op-

erative Produce Company. During the

seven years of its history this institu‘

tion has had its ups and downs like

the great majority of produce con-

cerns, whether private or co-operative,

but the consensus of opinion of the

hundreds of farmers who patronize it

is that the institution is now on a.

successful basis. They are confident





 





 





. One of the Fields where Fertilizers were Tested.





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also, that better prices are being se‘

cured than would be the case if no

cooperative concern existed.



The Association has a goOd equip-

ment; its warehouse with two floors

and a basement, is worth probably

$18,000, including the land upon which

it is located. The building is of brick

and 5536100 feet in dimensions. Hav-

ing this property has undoubtedly

been helpful in carrying the organiza-

tion through periods of depression.

and in making it successful in meet-

ing the strong competition of private

operators. Each member is required

to buy one share of stock which costs

him $10. This enables him to partici-

pate in the control of the business.





Running expenses and maintenance

costs are paid from the difference be-

tween the gross receipts and what is

paid the farmers, and in the event of

a surplus being left over it is added

to the operating fund. While on few

occasions it has been necessary to

call upon the members to make up

deficits, these calls have not been

large, and therefore not so burden-

some as ‘to discourage the idea of co-

operating.



In all, these three cooperative insti-

tutions have done a great deal toward

making the farmers of the community

progressive, and self—respecting. The

stimulus from working together has

promoted a feeling of strength and

courage to meet and overcome ob-

stacles-



But these do not exhaust the help-

ful innovations found in this particu-

lar community. There are still two

other agencies working for the ad-

vancement of its agriculture. The

first of these that we would mention

is the activity of one of the local

banks. A new building is being con-

structed to house this institution, and

to give the farmers who do business

in the town a better chance for self-

improvement, arrangements are being

made to satisfy some of their needs.

An exhibit room is being provided in

this building where products from the

dilferent farms of the community will

be displayed for purposes of study

and comparison. There will also be

space equipped as a rest room for

women and another for men. Besides

these a fourth room will contain a

somewhat complete library with books

and magazines relating to agriculture

and domestic science. Of course. in

providing these conveniences, the

managers of this bank are not un-

mindful of the business that will come

their way by reason of their effort.

Nevertheless, the influence is certain

to be to the advantage of better agri-

culture and rural life.



Finally, we must consider the work

of the county agricultural agent. This

county has been most fortunate in se-

curing the services of Mr. H. Bland-

ford to fill this important position,

and in the warfare against out-of-date

farming he has proved himself a real

general. Not only has he started im-

portant investigational and demon-

strational work, but he has been able

to keep a large number of farmers

working together toward definite ends.

A series of experiments are under

way to demonstrate the proper mix-

tures of fertilizers to use for the im-

portant crops grown and for the dif-

ferent types of soil found in the com-

munity. An active campaign has been

conducted to educate farmers of the

advantages of the alfalfa crop. This

was accompanied with the latest in-

formation on cultural methods. When

the county agent began this work,

there were 916 acres of alfalfa in the

county; that was three years ago. To-

day it is esfimbed that the acreage

aggregates 2500. Recently a local ex—

hibit was held which aroused no mean

enthusiasm liar the quality of staple

and special crops that can be grown

in that community. Half-hearted fann-

ers have been awakened to the possi-

biliiies befiore them and young men

havebeeuinducedtomymthehnd

instead of tramping to the cities.





TH‘E MICHIGAN FARMER





Know What Others Are Doing”.





HE farmer is the only business

T' his competitor-8’ methods. It is



man today who is not studying

a sad. but nevertheless true, fact that

the average farmer doesn’t know

much concerning the country in which

he lives, noteven his own community.

There is probably no class of people

who know less about their fellow-men,

and especially their competitors, than

do the farmers.



The groceryman knows all the men

who sell groceries in his town or com-

munity. He knows their methods of

doing business, he knows their habits.

their manner of advertising, etc. He

knows which one is the most success-

ful and tries to figure out the reason.

He studies the most successful ones

and tries to copy them. Merchants

in any line watch their associates and

thereby try to improve their own bus-

iness. In other words, the merchant

tries to keep up with the times along

his particular line.



Farmers Live too Much to Them-



selves.



How does the farmer compare with

this? It is true that a few of them

use the same methods that the mer-

chant employs but we are sorry to

admit that those few are numbered.

Most farmers stick close to their own

home and watch only their own crops.

They know nothing of what their

neighbors are doing and most care

less. Did you ever travel through the

country and inquire your way? If you

did, you found that the people knew

very little about their own commu-

nity, at least not enough to direct

anyone else.



The farmer has been shut up and

confined for centuries and has had no

avenue of communication with the

outside world. Thus he has gotten

into the rut of not caring about the

outside affairs. The farmer has been

the goat for all kinds of fake gaines.

until he has ceased to trust anybody

and consequently the farmer is a hard

man to talk business with. Theseare

the reasons why the farmer does not

get out and see what others are doing.



Modem Influences Are Helpful.



But now the rural routes have been

established, the farmer can have his

daily and farm papers and magazines

as soon as anybody. The telephone

has connected him with his neighbors

and the town. Local farmers’ organ-

izations have enabled him to meet his

neighbors and to listen to outside

speakers. The electric lines often

make an easy route to the city. The

farmers’ institutes and the bulletins

sent out by the Department of Agri-

culture all give the farmer the experi-

ence and results of others. All these

improvements have allowed the farmer

to keep in touch with What others are

doing in his line of work.



There is no question but that each

farmer has some little knacks of do-

ing certain operations which would be

valuable to others. Some of these

“tricks of the trade” are just stumbled

onto While others are planned and

thought out, but no matter which way

they were acquired, they are valuable.

Some of them you have never thought

of and yet oftentimes they are very

simple. Some have a certain method

of planting or harvesting, some have

a difierent ways of treating the soil

or seed, some know just how to doc

tor up an animal that has some of the

common ailments, like colic, lameness,

etc. And you. Mr. Farmer, are losing

money if you fail to learn these val-

uable methods.



Increased Efficiency Needed on the

Farm. .



The time has come when the farmer

mustbealerttotheflmec. [aniline

increased in value. taxes are higher,

competition is stronger. and ancient

labor is butler to procure, no that

now it pays better to farm a null

am well, than to arm a m up

not so well. '





Efliciency has become the watch-

word of the factories and of business

in general. Time-saving devices are

installed in all the departments on

that no energy is lost in doing a cer-

tain amount of work. Labor-saving

machinery is installed so that the fin-

ished product can be made as cheaply

and as uniformly and quickly as pos—

sible. Efficiency engineers are em-

ployed to study the various problems

and to suggest better methods of util-

izing all the resources. And the re-

sult is that most businesses have pros-

pered under this system.



Farmers Should Specialize.



Another thing that has made busi-

ness more emcient is the fact that

business men specialize on one or





’more certain things and do not try to





be a. “Jack of all trades,” doing all

kinds of work and doing none of it

well. For instance, a factory now, in-

stead of making the whole automobile

makes only one small part, like the

wheels or the axles. In this manner.

they can centralize all their energy

and thought in producing and perfect-

ing one single product. thereby pro-

ducing their product cheaper and bet-

ter than they could under the old way.



Competition is the cause of this

change in the business world, the

change from general and unsystema

tized business to efficient and special—

ized business. And competition is

forcing this same change upon the

farmer today. Some have already seen

the hand-writing on the wall and are

making farming a business instead of

an occupation, and these are the farm.

ers who are the most successful to-

day. The top—notchers in any line of

activities today are the men who have

specialized in one certain thing and

have stuck to that line.



Thus it is that the most successful

farmers are specializing along one cer-

tain phase of farming and all the

other farming operations are subordi-

nated to this one line of taming. One

man specializes in a certain breed of

dairy cattle. one in beef cattle, one in

sheep or hogs. some specialize in one

crop. like potatoes, but they all have

a pet hobby and they work toward

the perfection of that one line of

work. Also a man usually specializes

in the line of work that he likes best

and when a man is working at some

thing that he likes. he is far more

thorough and eflicient than if he is

doing something that he does not

care about.



Successful Professional Men Are Spe-

cialists.



Professional men all specialize in

one line of work because they realize

that one man can master only one

line'of work. Teachers in our schools

specialize in one or more subjects be-

cause they know that in doing so they

can give more efficient service. Each

phase of farming is a trade in itself

and no one-can be an expert in all

the many lines of farming. A man

can be fairly good in all the general

farming but there must be some one

line in which he is more proficient.



And now. because the farmer must

be more ellicient, and because he

ought to specialize in order to do the

best that is in him, and to make the

most of his opportunity, it seems rea-

sonable that he should pay more at-

tention to his neighbors and other

farmers. This is the only way in

which be may learn the best methods

and this is the best way to improve

his work. No one man kilowatt all

about any one line of farming and no

one is so smart that he cannot learn

something of value from others. Farm-

ing has become a big business, the





 





Nov. 14, 1914.





condition is rapidly-changing. so that

now the farmer is becoming noted for

his blindness and honesty. One has

only to 'go to the institutes or to some

similar convention to realize how true

this is. ‘A few years ago the politi-

cians paid practically no attention to

the farmers and their wishes, and if

I am not mistaken they loathed their

lesson. The farmers are studying the

political situation as well as all other

matters of interest, and they are mak-

ing their influence felt.





,It takes time and patience to teach

a class of people that they must

change their ways, and the pioneers

in any change are subject to more or

less criticism and abuse. But the

change in the farmer is far beyond

the pioneer stage and the farmer is

coming to his own. And the sooner

he realizes that efficiency, specializa-

tion and all business principles are as

important to him as they are to the

other business men, the more quickly

will he become prosperous and im-

portant. The farmer, the backbone of

the country, has never been given the

credit that is due him and never will

be given that credit until he demands

it. So it is the duty of every farmer

to make himself felt in his own com-

munity at least, and it is the dutyvof

every farmer to help his fellow work-

ers by giving them his experience and

advice.



Genesee Co. L. S. BBUMM.





POTATO SHOW IN MENOMINEE.

Michigan’s biggest potato show,

known as the Cloverland Potato Con-

gress, was held for three days in Me«

nominee, the exhibition closing Nov-

ember 23. More than 1000 people at—

tended the show. Over 500 bushels of

potatoes, including 15 varieties, grown

by farmers in 13 of the 15 counties,

were shown. Iron county’s large dis-

play was in charge of R. G. Hoopin<

garner and included valuable educ'a:

tional features with reference to dis«

eases, stock, soil. etc. Valuable talks

were given by Henry G. Bell, of Chi—

cago, and Prof. J. G. Milward, of the

University of Wisconsin. and there

were other special features. Growers

in Menominee county captured both

first and secOnd prizes in Class 1,

while a grower in Marquette county

was awarded first prize in Class 2.

The list of winners is as follows:





Class 1—Peter Westman. lst. Dag-

gett, $50; Chas- .Selewsky, 2nd, Me-

nominee, $25; August Jacobson. 3rd.

Amassa. $15; Dahlberg Bros, 3rd,

Daggett, $15; White Marble Lime Co.,

4th, Manistique. $10: Peter Petersen.

4th, Gulliver, 310; John Soderman,

4th, Crystal Falls, $10; M. Jarvi, 4th.

Crystal Falls, $10; Albert Lundstrum,

5th, Daggett, $5; and 12 winners of

sixth prizes, $2.50 each, as follows:

Amos Ismay, Crystal Falls; J. L. Wit-

ter, Manistique; Andrew Bonquist,

Crystal Falls; ‘H. 0. Olson, Ironwood;

J N. Welsh, .Sault Ste. Marie; Na-

tional Pole 00., Whitney; Carl Skol—

an-der, Crystal Fails; C. M. Rogers,

Crystal Falls; J. ’1‘. Gibson, Amassa:

B._W. Coles, Marquette ; Layton Keel‘

er, Painesdale: W. J. Oberdorfler,

Stephenson.



Class 2—John D. Mangum. lst, Mar-

quette, $250; Dan Becker, 2nd, Muniti-

mg, 325; Peter 'Frederickson, 3111, Car-

ney, $15: I). L. Letcb. 3111, Crystal

Falls. 315; and live winners of $10

each. as follows: , Max Hutchner,

Green Garden; George Ken, Sn, Wil-

son; 3. C. Miller, Sands: W. L. Orr.

Manistique: Alger County Farm, Rum-

Icy.



Class 3—Cbaa. Selewaky, lot. He-

nomlnee, $15: August Johnson. my.

Mb... 310:1. N. Welsh, 3:18am

Ste. Earle. $5; P. ’W. Hills. 31‘. III--





 





biggestandoneofthebcstoffllisifliuue.35.





country. and the farmer must be a

buxlnoumantomakeasucceuotlt.





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em'AmqlltCmt-lmfi‘;





Ithaflnnbemuidthtthomm Cuntyl’ohtoamell'





farmers were a narrow-minded dual

01min and in a large mulls

,hasubeen; true in the past. .But that





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NOV. 14, 1914.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





The Value of Variety Tests.





HE first step in an attempt to



standardize the varieties and



improve any crop must be some

kind of variety test. Such a test aims

at the discovery of those varieties

which give the best yield and are best

fitted for the climatic and soil condi-

tions of the community. A test of this

sort, conducted in an Ohio county on

corn, gave some surprising results.

Corn growers were invited to contri-

ute the best seed of the different va-

rieties of corn grown in the county.

Four rows of each variety represent-

ed were planted across a twenty-acre

field and given the same cultural at-

tention during the summer. The test

was naturally watched with much in-

terest, for each corn grower was sure

that his seed was as good as, if not

better than, his neighbor’s; but when

the corn was harvested and the yield

weighed, a big surprise awaited some

of the contestants. The yield was

found to range all the way from 28

bushels to 80 bushels of corn per acre,

or a difference of 52 bushels.



Before the test many farmers in

this county had been content to grow

the inferior varieties, attributing low

yield to poor soil, unfavorable weath-

er, improper cultivation, or simply had

luck. With the conclusive proof of

the superiority of certain varieties





or if they could be made independent-

ly by groups of mutually interested

men in a neighborhood. County

agents, where employed, should be in-

vited, if they do not initiate the move-

ment, to exercise general supervision

over the tests. At this season, while

the corn is being harvested, it is good

to begin to plan for a variety test

next year. Keep the seed of each va-

riety by itself. Be sure that the seed

ears selected are well matured, uni-

form in color and size, free from dis-

ease, true to breed type, and then be

sure that the drying is quickly and

thoroughly done. Also pick out and

store much more seed than you plan

to use. This gives one a chance to

discard ears that more careful inspec-

tion and the spring germination tests

show to be undesirable.



All that has been said about corn

applies equally well to other crops.

Comparison plots could easily be ar-

ranged on any farm for testing pota~

toes, beans, oats, etc. General com-

parisons of yields are common

enough, but a test which does not at—

tempt to equalize all possible con-

tiolling factors is worth but little. The

comparison plots should be on rather

uniform soil. They should be long





and narrow to equalize the possible

effects of differences





in soil condi-





 





 





 





Master Menlo C. Hyde, of Essex Township, Clinton County, and His Corn.

Master Hyde’s improved yellow dent corn averaged 13 feet in height

and produced 16 bushels from a one-tenth acre plat this season.





 





right before them, they did the sensi-

ble thing—bought seed for their next

corn crop from those men who had

plenty of the better varieties, and it

is needless to say that everyone con-

cerned profited by this simple test.

The poor yielding varieties were

largely discarded and a beginning

iade in the standardization of corn

varieties. The improvement of the

crop was accomplished by growing

only those varieties which had proven

and continued to prove, their worth.





A variety test on corn at the Mich-

igan Experiment Station in 1913 gave

a range of 32.7 bushels. Eleven varie-

ties were tested, the highest yield be:-

ing 68.7 bushels and the lowest 36

bushels. These tests are run every

year, because such tests to be abso-

lutely fair, ought to be repeated under

different conditions of soil, season,

cultivation, etc. Furthermore, it

should be said that the results obtain-

ed in one part of the state ought not

to be accepted in other parts where

the conditions may be quite different.

Each county, at least, should have its

own list of standard varieties obtain-

ed from a county test.





In these tests new varieties might

be tried alongside of those regularly

grown, making a broader comparison

possible. The tests could be made

under auspices of local farmers’ organé‘

iZations operating. in the community





tions, and the seed used should rep-

resent the average for the variety.

Finally, repeat the tests until a few

varieties of each crop have been es-

tablished as standards.



Ingham Co. H. L. BARNUM.





EXPERIMENTS WITH TOP-DRESS-

ING OF TIMOTHY.





The New York Cornell Station has

been making a series of tests in which

field plats were subjected to a crop-

ping rotation of timothy three years,

corn, oats, and wheat each one year.

Fertilizers or farm manure were ap-

plied to the timothy but not to any of

the grain crops, different applications

being used on different plats. The

experiment has been conducted for

nine years. According to the report

received by the Department of Agri-

culture, the results show that fertili-

zation of the soil for timothy increase

es its productiveness for succeeding

crops. The greatest benefit was de-

rived by the corn crop, which imme-

diately followed the timothy. The oat

crop experienced the next greatest

benefit, and the wheat least.



Tabulations of the financial gains

demonstrate that the use of fairly

large applications of fertilizers was

profitable, resulting in as much as $65

per acre net gain for the six years

and- giving a return of $1.67 for every

dollar invested in the fertilizer.





 





 





 





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PORTLAND \

CEMENT





Circular Concrete Milk House





This concrete milk house, on the dairy farm of O. G. Sherburne.

near Coldwater, Mich., was built with the same forms which con-

tractors had used in building two 14x40 silos for Mr. Sherburne.

Farmers who are having silos built can profitably use the roof

and wall forms for a concrete milk house.



Mr. Sherburne’s farm buildings are typical examples of the pro-

gressive farmer's preference for concrete structures. Twelve

years ago his place had practically no improvements. Today it is

a model dairy farm, with buildings permanently constructed

of concrete.



Whenever you buy cement for concrete work, be sure to ask

your dealer for





N IVE RSAL Eli} ’E‘fii—





Itsrrfine, even quality and regular setting properties insure strong

concrete. Send for our free book: “Concrete for the Farmer"





 





 





3—423





Silo Form-s Were Used For This





UNIVERSAL PORTLAND CEMENT CO.





CHICAGO, 208 South LaSalle St. PITTSBURGH, Frick Bldg.

MINNEAPOLIS, Security Bank Building





   

 





               





               

 

   





     





0 \‘O ‘h' OOIJIO ‘90. . \‘O .b' D‘IJIO ’00. § \“ .5. 9 MO ‘00. Q \ O O§00§t .0 .0 Qgtb .0“ 01".)00

. :v'r$"«"".5vr‘:‘3*”u" r’u,

‘¢‘o4‘~" 'v’s‘fic‘oo" '53'0259'0 w’o‘o‘c’oo‘3u vu'oéo‘o'o o‘éo‘ou‘gn 'IO’C'.:0" 3\‘~‘o‘oo v u '0‘. u s" v\'~"co .‘urt





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





‘u

o‘c’u





   

 

 

 

   





‘r





‘.

cg"'





A





Annual Output 12,000,000 Barrels





;~‘





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





For Hard Work in Winter, Rubber Boots Are

the Things





Cutting ice, shovelling snow, wateringand feeding stock,

hauling wood, are all hard work in winter weather.



Why not make.it easier by wearing good, solid, comfortable

warm ELEPHANT HEAD RUBBER Boors?



ELEPHANT HEAD RUBBER Boo'rs are made of the ver high-

est quality pure gum rubber and selected, tested duck. They

are reinforced at ever point where the strain comes and lined

With soft, warm woo.



Drive to a dealer’s today and buy a pair of these durable,

comfortable boots. V



All the better dealers sell ELEPHANT HEAD RUBBER BOOTS.

[You can depend on anything you buy in the stores that have them.





woonsocxsr RUBBER co, Wooneocket. R. l.





’





'Wawx salami—“WW m...— . an. -.._. a .





.53. ..





 





wwwpgrwm »» w._ . .
' 424—4





   

 





‘i Portable Engines 





   

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 





Just the thing for running min nepo-

rators endings mixes-cm 11an



shredders. fun elevators. hay balers. feed

grindersjslownrs wood sawsmumps and any

other machines that can be driven by belt.





DOUBLE POWER

With the Sum. Weight





makes km to move firm- plaoe to place. he.f

.mout half (to weight 0! an ordinary engine 0

the so. right. [to automatic governor

keeps it ‘1 your work under varying load and

prevent- WB and shut downs to your mn-

uhinery whid cause your men to be idle

and end you mney.





STEADY AS STEAM





is the m deli met my Heer engine

You don't hove to dig a hole ond brace one of

these anionic Rhu- moving all over

the plans. Himplym lino ill belt up with the

machine I‘ wheels to keep the

belt tight. No extra- to t comes ready

for continu— work.





You need our catalog. Write for it today.





THE HEER ENGINE COMPANY

1611 P St.. Portsmouth, Ohio.





 





' BELLEVILLE

SHOCK MOVER





Wi 1 load haul and reset from one to six

1 11': ishocks. weighing from 1,600 to 2.11» pounds

[.1 the loud:

shock. Guaranteed to load any shock or

pile of corn fodder no matter in what shape it

in. whether standing or flat on the ground. we

guarantee satisfaction or refund the money.

Write for particulars.





Beileville Shock-over C... Dept. W. M. Ills.





 





9/2 CORDS IN 10 HOURS





 





MAN. ’ro sworn witnesses. It‘s KING 0!"

. SAVES noon and um



«I GUIDE, on end of now. a BIG 1915

IMPROVEMENT, Send for free catalog Oumowing

LATEST IMPROVEMENTS. First order gets agency.

Foldinsfiawingflach. Cm. 151W. BanisonSl. .Gn'an...





PBMP GRINB SAW £332:





’ ‘ Wood 1111:. no But. Engine: are Simple





Fond Cinders, Saw

From... Sin] Tub

CLTALOGUIE 'BII

Am" wum

Perkins Wind Mill &

Enxlne Co. Eel. l850 ‘4





135 IAIN 31.





Milhnwaka. 1nd.





 





 

   





1.2::

lfi‘llliu

I





lip‘ip‘d

ill: ‘





 





 





 





 





will take two minutes time per ‘





Costs little. Saves a lot .





.have occurred

~ 1870, 1880, 1884, 1902 and 190.8. This is





. become

fifoot and mouth disease.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





HE epidemic of foot and mouth

disease, first reported in south-

western Michigan and northern

Indiana, has developed into the. most





, serious outbreak of this epidemic with





which this country has ever been

obliged to cope. At this writing the

disease has been reported from 18

different sections of this state, and

seven states besides Michigan are un-

der general quarantine by the federal





this disease within their borders. In-

cidentally, the Chicago Stock Yards,

and several other large markets, are

closed, and there is every prospect

that it will be some months before the“

disease is finally stamped out and all

danger of further infection is past.



The presence of this disease is at

this time a more than ordinarily ser-





; ions proposition for Michigan farmers,





due to the fact that it not only limits

the sale of live stock now ready for

market to local shipping points, which

may at any time be temporarily 010s





ed, but as well because it stops all





shipping in of‘feeding cattle or sheep

with which Michigan feeders gener-

ally stock up at about this season of

the year, and because it prevents as

well the interstate shipment of for-

age, including hay and straw. etc.,

thus holding back from the market the

hay crop of many sections of the

state where this is one of the main

cash crops grown upon the farm. Be-

cause of this serious situation, every

reader will be glad to know more

about this disease and the necessity

for taking such strenuous measures

for its eradication as are being fol-

lowed by the federal and state au-

thorities.



The following statement recently is-

sued by Drs. Ward Gilmer and E. T.

Hellman, of the Bacteriological De-

partment of the Michigan Agricultural

College, gives a brief outline of the

history of the disease, its characteris-

tic symptoms, and the reasons for the





.application of strenuous measures in





its control:

“Previous outbreaks of this disease

in North America in





the second time that Michigan has

involved in an outbreak of





Characteristic Symptoms.

“Foot and mouth disease or apthous

fever is a very contagious disease of

cattle, sheep, goats, deer (ruminants)

and swine, and occasionally human

beings. It is characterized by fever,

loss of appetite. reduction of milk





 





 





 





 





flow in milch cows, and later by the

appearance of vesicles or blisters on

‘the mucous membrane of the lips,





 





Michigan livestock insurance 89.

Capital Stock—$100,000. sums—$100.00; 1

Home Ofioe—~Chulotte. Michigan.





Only Home 00.,111 Michigan.





COLON C. 1.111.!!! President.

H. J. WELLS, -:- Seating-Tram;





MINERAL

~ “um ":OHEAVE





WRENCH?





 





 





 





 





 

   





83 Pin” OURES any case or money refunded

:1 Pdage OUREB ordinary asses. Mineral

Kennedy 00.. 463 N. FOurth Ave.. Pittsburgh.“





PERGHERON STAlllflNS





FOR SALE.





15m dltroe-year-olda. blank. More.

weights an 1111 desirable homes afoul-own bus 11'.

We call direct tothe (m at 19qu prices.

and invite impaction.





A. A. PALMER Gr SONS,

R. R.Statlon Orleans. P. 0. Beldlng. Mich





Registered Percherons,



noon MAKES. FILLIES AND YOUNG



STALLIONS“ eo-

“HUNT





 





mt will Imprin-

33111th i





 





Pi .l P011 Farm— R2,? lShetland P811102.“ mostly

a y > DIDO if?“ on you“?





stock for 31119..





 





FDR m—Imported Percheron Stallion. 7 years old

one a: kind. out 1:6





l





. producing organisms.





dental pad or tongue and on the heels

for between the toes.

on the teats and udder.





and frequently

In from a

few hours to one or two days the

blisters break, peeling off and leav-





§ing a reddish, slightly depressed raw

‘surface which usually heels in one or





two weeks, but which may remain

sore for a longer time as a result

of complications due to other disease-

At the begin

ning of the disease the animal is

greatly depressed. and as the mouth

becomes involved there may be pro-

fuse siobber and frequently a smack-

ing of the lips which produces a click-

ing sound. Lameness usually results

from the very painful condition pro-





duced by the diseased feet.





“The disease is spread by contact

with affected animals or by their

milk directly or indirectly through

creameries or cheese factories, also by





itheir transportation over public high-





ways and stock yards.

“It may also be carried by an ap-





parently healthy recovered animal for





several months after recovery. It

may be carried on the feet or clothes

of parties from affected terms, or





 





lbs. Into ton)! cm. W. 11.“ 4.5.. Ian.





{whohuevimmocmmm





government, owing to the presence of.





Foot and Mouth Disease.





It may also be carried by other ani-'

male, as horses, dogs, cats, birds, etc.



“Foot and mouth disease is usually]

not fatal, complete recovery being

the rule. Over 20 per cent mortality:

has been recorded under unusual con-

ditions. Young animals furnish the

largest number of fatal cases. The'

rule is that, under favorable condi-[

tions, all affected animals recover. '



“The disease must be differentiated

from non-contagious affections such:

as occasional injuries to the mouth

and feet, ergotism and mycotic stomi

allitis, and from an infectious lip and."

leg ulcerations due to B. necrophorusf

Foot and mouth disease is to be dif—'

ferentiated from the above affections

by the appearance of the conditions:

already described, by its acuteness

and extreme contagiousness, as evii

demoed not only by the involvement





of practically all the animals in the-





affected herd in a very short time,





but also by its rapid spread to neigh-E





boring farms.

Report Suspicious Cases Promptly.

“In the presence of an outbreak of

foot and mouth disease all suspicious

cases should be reported without de-

lay to the authorities having the mat‘

ter in charge.





ed. Previous experience with five out-





breaks of this disease in this country





conclusively prove that its immediate





eradication is not only possible but:

The importance of imme-





practicable.

diate eradication can be seen from a





consideration oi the losses sustained

by some of the European countries in.





the past and its almost constant pres-

ence in some of these countries at the

present time. It has been estimated

that the pecuniary loss in cattle in

those countries where the disease is

prevalent amounts to $10 to $40 per

head, and. since practically none of

the animals in a herd escape the dis-

ease, its total losses are enormous. It

was estimated that the losses from

the disease in England 1111883 amount-

ed to $5,000,000; in France in 1871 the

losses were $7,500,000. and in the

same year in Switzerland $2,500,000. It





is said that in Germany. from 1889 to.





1894, seven million animals were af-

fected; and from 1897 to 1899 one mn-





Only in this way can‘

the spread of the disease be prevent-_





NOV. . , 1914.





You enclosure-MK

mam Strong Bank





Didactic: nhould not prevent

you from having an account ‘

with The Cleveland Trust

Company. ,



Some of our depositors are

in China.



They transact their busi-

ness by mail.



So can you.



There’s absolutely no risk.



In addition to the conven-

ience of banki ng by mail, you ‘

have the oppor- tunity of deal-

in; with a strong, secure and

conservative savings institu-y‘

.tion that now has over a ‘

hundred thousand deposit-

ors. It pays 4 percent inter-

est on savings deposits



The Capitol andSurplus of

this bank are over $5, 000.000.

and its use“ are over

$6,000,000.00.



'Four unusual safeguards

protect it:



No loans to Directon or Officers.



Continuous daily nudit.





Joint control of assets.

ctors irect.





We want you to have lop”:

booklet. “Banking By Mnil.

be nlflod free on 1013' m1!





mic

(Elevelanb

Ernst dompanp





Euclid & but Ninth St.





 





RAISEBIGGERCROPS





V N'E'" .‘L ;..\."" :3?“





lion animals were affected in Holland.‘ 5...,





Every American stock owner is so‘





familiar with the comparative area of





this country and of those European.

countries cited, and with the vastness,





of our live stock industry as compared





with that of these countries, that we£

can quickly conceive of the stupen-'





dons figures that would represent our

losses if the disease were allowed to

spread. Failure to adopt immediate

and vigorous measures to eradicate

foot and mouth disease while it is

confined to a limited area would re-

sult in such a widespread condition of

the disease that in a very short time

its eradication would be impossible,





and the consequent losses would 1m.

pose an annual drain on the live stock‘





industry of inconceivable enormity,





compared with which the total cost

of its immediate eradication sinks into ‘





insignificance. ”

At this writing nearly 5 000 head of

live stock have been destroyed in the





section where the disease was first:





discovered in southern Michigan and

northern Indian, of which over 3,000

head were in Berrien county. The

federal government bears half the loss

and the state half up to the meat vai-

ue of the animal: killed. Every case

where there is a suspicion of the dis-

ease should be at once reported to the

authorities so that further spread of

the infection may be prevented. \The

danger of its spread is augmented by

shipments of cattle from the Chicago

stock yards to Michigan points since

the outbreak of the disease. some of

which have since been found tor-be

infected.





some. lthnlnprovenm aim“ claim AMI “nor-oi By





W

s 511765; "(:91er 53311.. you E on more flan

£79,.”de





worth .00





”Kg em a las the truth





on Will]- lore-du- proposition bo-





 





ll” PM THE

fAOTORV





SAVE MDNE





 





editor beforeabuylna. 0nr33 years' gnarlenoed Bold

Money Book Munroe“ you. pound

era' profit. Supply limited—dent wait—write today.





111.111.1le0 CARRIAEE $118138 Bil.

Dept. H. F., - Kuhn-zoo, Mich.





EASIEST RUNNING MILL

MADE





A Duplex mu require- 26’ 1e-

powornul wildotwbo all-ch

Many other In!!! or” equal,“ size. iii-1:5:

earmfidbdmmm, -

flr corn, cotton need, can in flinch,

Nahuatl-101m Thule

in no mill madethnt fiat-peed and com-



Mahdi-gunning





i 1

, lie-.1 .. .. :1.

Kelly Duplex '





 

 

 

     





 





Grinding mu ‘ ‘3 .1



Enilyoponted. Neverohokeu. ‘



lg... “m“:‘l.



0mm am... on, summon.

=~ 3.1::





 





 





 





 





.D-«r—r-y‘ir‘r-wv- - ‘————
.wm’w‘rw-wi—n - .h-——





-_,. «a.»





 





 





NOV. 14, 1914.





MICHI





THE





About the Peach Tree.





\~





DISTRESSFUL feature of or-



charding is to see fine peach



trees decay after bearing but a

few years. While peach trees grow

rapidly they also die early. Unless

scientifically cared for they begin to

die with great rapidity just at the

time they should bear their heaviest

crops.



This seems to be the inevitable fate

of a peach tree, and yet its life can be

prolonged by wise methods. Peach

trees should not be permitted to bear

heavy crops of fruit the second and

third year ”after transplanting to the

orchard. This exhausts the vitality of

the tree, interferes with its body and

root growth and results in its early

death Pick off a large portion of the

fruit the second and third year, while

still green, and allow the tree to make

a better body growth and develop a

better root system.



Give Roots a Chance to Spread.





A cramped root system has as much

to do with the early decay of peach

trees as bearing excessive early crops

of fruit. They do not grow as widely

extended root systems as apple trees,

and therefore they soon exhaust the

fertility and the chemical elements

necessary for their growth in the nar-

row spaces the root systems occupy

in the ground. It is therefore neces-

sary that peach trees be not allowed

to bear heavy crops of fruit for the

first two or three years. The thinning





scion, which you can allow to live,

and these may in turn produce a new

crop of trees bearing fruit similar to

the first crop, though growing from

somewhat decaying stumps they are

apt to die soon themselves. Besides

storms and other high winds are apt

to split them off from the old stumps.

Peach Trees as Nurse Trees.





On account of peach trees being

short-lived they are good for fillers

between longerolived trees which take

longer to come into bearing, such as

apple trees and pear trees. The peach

trees will not be in the way of the

other for six or eight years, while the

longer-lived trees are small, and by

the time the latter are ready to bear

the peach trees will be gradually dy-

ing and getting out of the way, hav-

ing enabled the orchard to be a mon-

ey-maker for its owner before the

longer-lived trees have begun to make

returns for the labor and expense

necessary in their planting and cul-

tivation.



Peach trees are also good as nurse

trees to induce a straight, symmetri-

cal growth of valuable timber trees,

such as black walnut, white hickory,

and catalpa, which, if not planted in

connection with nurse trees are in-

clined to grow short bodies and crook-

ed, with large low limbs which lessen

the quality of the sawlogs.





'As peach trees are quick growing

they make cheap firewood when they





 





Strawberries in October—a Patch of the FalLbearing Kind.





out of the half-grown fruit is more

important for young peach trees than

young _apple trees, because apple

trees are much longer lived, and have

more time to grow an extended root

system.



Fertilizing the Peach Tree.



If the soil is rich it will probably

need no fertilizer for two or three

years. If the body and crown growth

is luxuriant and the leaves thick, but

with a scant crop of fruit the trees

will need potash, lime and phosphates

but if the growth of leaves and new

wood is somewhat scanty, but with

heavy yields of peaches the trees will

need nitrogen, which may be gained

cheaply from well—rotted fertilizer from

the horse stables, cow barns or poul-

try yards. Work this into the soil

for a space of six or sevén feet

around each tree. The more widely

you scatter the fertilizer around the

trees the more you induce the roots to

spread, for they reach out in the di-

rection of fertile earth. This applica-

tion should be made in the late au-

tumn.



Despite the best of care peach trees

will begin to die when seven, eight or

nine years old, with more or less rap-

idity according to the fidelity with

which you have maintained those ele-

ments of the soil which the trees con-

sume in their growth. But some peach

trees sprout rather freely from the

stump, and if budded close to the sur-

face of the ground you may find‘some

healthy sprouts growing from the





die, and for this reason are valuable

in prairie regions where timber and

coal are scarce. In fact, so rapidly do

peach trees grow that in some coun-

tries they are planted principally for

firewood, and presumably are cut

down for this purpose when green. It

is said that upon the moist, fertile

pampas of Argentina peach trees have

been grown principally as firewood for

the past fifty years, though it is diffi-

cult to believe that anyone would cut

donw trees furnishing such delicious

fruit as long as they could be induced

to live.

Importance of the Peach.



Notwithstanding the short life of

peach trees they are undoubtedly, next

to the apple, the most valuable fruit

tree grown in this country, and if the

peach kept as well as apples it would

rank ahead of the apple. Therefore,

anything done to increase the life of

peach trees by proper cultivation and

the maintenance in the soil of the

kind of fertilizing elements they re-

quire is of tremendous importance. So

much has been done to improve dif-

ferent fruits that scarcely anything in

this line can be considered impossible

nowadays. It is entirely probable

that peach trees could be made to live

as long as apple trees. There are old

peach trees in New York state plant-

ed more than a hundred years ago,

still bearing heavy crops of luscious

fruit.





Illinois. Isaac Moms.





GAN FA'RMER





 





 





The name





trade





men buy





Write anyway for





buckles. The Red Ball 15 on the sole.





The Red Ball, the "Ball-Band”





quality running back through years.





Every year,



Footwear stands the test of fit and long



wear on the feet of eight and one-half million wearers.



Ball-Band” again the next year, because under any



work "I conditions it gives more days wear at a lower cost per



day’ s wear than any other kind of rubber footwear.



Over 50, 000 stores sell “Ball- Band" Rubber Footwear.

keep a “Bail—Band" sign in their windows.





If your merchant doesn’t sell "Ball-Band" write us and

mention his name. We will see that you are supplied.





What tho Name

“BALL-BAND”

Is Worth to You





“Ball- Band” on



, rubber footwear has the same

real, relative value to you as the

pedigree of a cow, or the strain, \

in the sire of your colt. 1





BAND





mark, stands for a record of





L





‘ Ball-Band’ ’ Rubber

These





Most stores





Free Booklet, “More'Days Wear”





It tells how rubber footwear deserves to be treated.





Mishawaka Woolen Mtg. 00.319 Water St, Mishawka, Ind.





“Ball- Band" Arctics are made with one, two and four

Look for it.

are best cashmerette and the linings we make ourselves from

the same kind of wool that goes into the



Coon Tai





The tops





Knit Boot.

“The House That

Pays Millions

for Quality"





 





 





 





BUSH AND BOG PLOW





does work no other machine can do.





it cuts down bushes, demolishes bogs,

and does all kinds of hard plowing and disking.

It is big and strong and withstands terrific

strsin. Ask your dealer about it. If he doesn t

sell CUTAWAY (CLARK) implements, write us

at once for free catalog. There are no substitutes.

THE CUTAWAY HARROW COMPANY





Maker of the original CLARK disk harrow: and plows

992 MAIN STREET HIGGANUM, CONN.





 

 

 

 





Four-horse hitch





7 Dust-proof hard—

wood bearings





Weight 660 pounds





24-inch disks

,{orged sharp





 

 





 





NOW





to fit up for ensuring. If

on want the best and

andiest. Evaporator onx

the market. buy the LL. Write us for catalog

and prices. Mention Mxiohigan Farmer.





Warren Evaporator Who" Warren. 0.





   





It“) will pay you but In six months.





to obtained witht the





 





sharpenin.

lose 11

8 BRIO! IN. I It”: 00.





 





 





     





 





The Mon-Ill & Morley Way

Use an Eclipse UISrérafiPump.

Used by theU e art- 1

ment of Agriculture Its

construction is perfect.

Illustrated catalogue free.

Morrlll In Morley Mfg. Co.‘

Station 8 Benton Ilorbor. Mien.





FC lipse Spray Pump





 LlME





Pulverlzed wanesisnm lime rock for' "'sour soils.



Write forL Bummer Prices direct to you from

MuskeEgon and Benton Harbor, Michiga



SHORE STONE CO... Milwaukee. Wis.





LIMESTUNE





For General Farm Uoo.

Finely pulverized, made from highest high calcium

stone. Quick shipments in closed oars. Let us send

sample and price.





Northern Limo 00., Potoskey, Mich.





You shOuld get the highest grade

of limestone manufactured. Buy

it upon the basis of analysis. We

manufacture the highest Earle pul-





verized limestone sold in ich lean.

Let. us prove it. Ask for sample and analyst is.

CAMPBELL STONE 00.. Indilnlfllvor. Mlch.





   

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





LILLIE'S SPECIAL BRANDS





BUFFALO FERTILIZER





Made from best material. Always reliable.

Lime. Potash. Acid Phosphate, Nitrate of Soda.

Agents wanted in unoccupied territory. Ship di-

rect; to farmers in carlots. Fertill 101- q “

answered and farm soil surveys made on request.





Colon E. Lillie, Sales Ant. Coopersville, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





SEED conl—Won lat at 1914 Michigan State Fair

on Yellow Dent. (northern counties ;

Matures in 100 days. Is yielding at rate of 160 buahe I

to acre. Sample ear. W.goot: centa,b 1182 00.

limited supply. H. OH LTZ. Mlddlelilon, Mich. i

—-A o 21 to 60.

it... 1'





Government Famers Wanted:

monthly.





 





Buy the mill that will

pa coarse or fine in less time, with less power and a

A trial will prove that. the most money can be saved and





Built for service. Can’t get out of order. Largest capacity



Automatic force feed prevents chokin .



it you n! so. Write today lot Free Cs

68 ms





 





Write,OZMENT.17 F. St. Louis. 0‘





 

   

 

 

 

 





nd your

less cost.

the best





 





 





for power used. Sell

Double grinding rings.

0 K and samples.



89M Id. Ohio





 

   

 





 





‘a~ .5. ....~. 4C





1 Ami-um a: ‘r~





 





 





_ .. 4..me _— .n...





' ‘Wrsmg. r





 





ssivxvyim





11.11 «1...... . .4





a .. 11,1





. an, 11“.”. we. a...
425—6





See and try a]1





62 “VAL ‘





Cream Separator.





U can’t afi‘ordtohke any chances



when buying a ueam separator.

It' IS important, that you get a ma-

‘ chine which will Hand constant wear





.1.“





It is important “not you get a

machine that. will run easy and be

easy to wash and clean.



It IS vitally important that you get

a machine which will save all of your





, year to amount to more thanducost.

‘ We know that ifyousoe and tryn.

Dc Laval, the chances are ten to one

, you will buy it. It’s its own best;

- salesman.

Any De Laval agent will begiad to

set a machine up for

you on your own

place on trial, and if

you want to keep it

- and it isn’t cemen-

ient to pay for itnow,

we have an arrange—

ment with our agents

whereby you can buy

it on easy terms so

that it will actually

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1 ECONOMICAL COW FEEDlNG.





 





There is scarcely a dairyman in this

country who feeds cows but knows





“flee a day for m years m come | Hugh G. VanPelt. He has own cuss-





ed, raked and muckraked, but after

all has been said and done, I believe





,Van can tell more truth about cow





feeding in fifteen minutes than any





cream 111W 0‘ losing enough ‘33 lother person I ever heard of. He re-





peatedly hits the nail on the head.

'not once in a while, and what he had

to say at the National Dairy Show

was so interesting that I shall attain: .

to tell those Michigan farmers who

did not have the opportunity of heat-

ing him.



Learn to Understand what Each Cow



. Says.



VanPelt. is part owner and manager

,of a large dairy farm neer Waterloo,

1Iowa, and it has takenfihn a good

.part of his life to get 1.0 We could un-

derstand the language of the cows. He

claims they talk and that they have

8only language which is through the

scales and the Babcock tester. The

big point that was made is that each

‘ cow requires a different amount of the

‘different ingredients in the ration.

gThe idea of the balanced ration is all

right but a close application of the

idea is all wrong for what would be

a balanced ration for a cow at night

is not one for her the next morning

and what would be a balanced ration

,for the cow during the first part of

1her lactation period is unquestionably

. unbalanced when fed during the latter

.part of the cow’s milking period.



An illustration was given of a oer.

'tain cow in the barn at Waterloo that

the feeder could never get to go

above 30 pounds of milk daily. It

seemed that the old cow just would

:not go over that figure no matter how

much she was fed. Ground oats form-

ed thc large part of the ration and al-

though Mr. VanPelt stated that they

had never before had a cow that re‘

fused to eat ground oats in any quan-

tity, yet that was exactly what this

cow did. She would eat only about





 





I one and a half pounds of ground oats





and she refused to eat anything more.

It was found, however, by varying

this ration and giving this particular

cow other feeds and taking the ground

oats away from her that she was an

economical producer of dairy products

and instead of producing stock that

was practically worthless, as soon as

her production was increased, the val-

ue of her get was also increased.





Getting Results Out of a World's Fair

Cow.



Mr. VanPelt has had a world of ex-

perience with dairy cows and tells an

interesting time he had feeding Jer-

seys at the ‘World's Fair in St. Louis,

Missouri. There was one Jersey cow

that was only giving 25 pounds of

milk and she was fed 17 pounds of

grain daily. She did not give enough

milk for the grain consumed and so

the grain was taken away from her a

;little at a time, one-half pound every

other day, and it was found that she

‘still continued to give the 25 pounds

of milk when getting only six pounds

of grain. Now, the grain was increas—

ed again slowly, one-half pound every

other day until, when she was getting

’20 pounds of grain, the milk produca

lion ran into the fifties per day. This

was an enormous quantity of feed,

,and was too much, so the reduction

,was slowly started again and on the

.day that the feed scales struck 17

pounds, this little cow reached the

climax of her production and gave

60.4 pounds of milk. Now, the 1'?

pounds of feed was about right for

herbutshehadtobeh'oughtupm

it gradually. Less than 17 pounds did

not get all out of the cow flat in in





 





 





» her and more than .17 wasted the feed.





The cow talked and the problem of





if; the dairyman is to understand and in-

: terpret aright. the language of each





cow.

Feeding Before and After Frechenlng.

I dislike any "empirical’ informa-

tion but good reasonable logic Is a

pretty valuable thing on the dairy

farm. New, during the last three

months of the cow's gestation period,

the fetus makes the bulk of its

growth. The cow turns the food eith-

or one way or the other.

forced to milk right up to the time

the calf is dropped, one must expect

that the make-up and development of

the young animal will suffer and a

rest of from four to six weeks from

milking activities is almost essential

if a healthy, virile calf is to be drop-

ped. This is VanPelt’s reasoning and

it looks pretty good.





The cow has been working all the

year in the production of milk and the

bulk of the work comes on her diges-

tive apparatus. She has a great di-

gestive mechanism and even machin-

ery must have a' rest from the labors

in which it is actively engaged. For

this reason, the cow’s digestive or-

gans should have a change and rest

from the strenuous activities of milk

production. The cow is the only farm

animal that will take off her flesh for

her master. One should not make the

mistake of not giving the cow very





much to eat when she is dry, on the‘





assumption that, because she is not

outwardly working, she does not need

much food. In addition to the milk?

giving function. the maternal func-

tion draws heavily upon the animal’s

body and for this reason she should

not (be stinbed. Before freshening,

bran as a purgative and also as a

bulky feed, is of great value. Silage

and alfalfa. and oil meal are also val-

uable pro-parturition feeds. Ground

oats are also valuable in this connec-

tion. During the parturition period,

bran meshes are best.

Increase Feed Gradually After

Calving.



In the opinion of the speaker, the

feeding after calving is a very import-

ant factor in making or breaking the

animal. Many cows are ruined by ex-

ceselve feeding at this time. Unqnee-

tionably, the stomach is weakened by

the act of parturition and can not

stand heavy feeding for some time.

Simply because the animal is giving

a great supply of milk is no sure sign

that she should have an excessive

amount of feed. If she has been prop-

ely fed before freshening, one can

withhold feed after freshening. After

calving, start out with only four or

five pounds of grain only. Then in-

crease the grain ration one—half pound

every other day. This will give about

30 days in which to get the cow up

to her maximum grain ration. In the

meantime, her stomach will have be-

come accustomed to the heavy feed-

ing and she will ‘be less liable to “go

all to pieces.”



Feeding Grain with Roughage.



In the discussion which followed,

the question was put: Do you believe

in feeding grain with the roughage?

VanPelt does believe in this practice

and here again are his reasons: The

cow bolts her food without chewing

or mixing, and at her leisure it is re-

gurgitated and chewed and mixed

with the saliva which performs an in-

tegral part of the work of digestion.

Now, if the feed is not; mixed, the sa -

age comes up and is chewed. The

saliva acts upon it and gives up some

of the available body foods. If the

concentrates came up all at once,

there would not be enough saliva mix-

ed with them to get their full food

value and so some feed is lost. Added

to this, there seems to be less likeli-

hood of injuring the cow’s stomach by

giving her her grain on the roughage.





'It‘may be either given on silage or on





finely cut alfalfa hay.

Ingham Co. L ..I. Mummers. ‘





If she is.





NOV.. 14. 1914.





sow-:- sueeEsrlous‘ ABOUT. THE

Mona. cow STALL.





 





In the Michigan Farmer of Septem-

her 29. O. 1., of Midland county, asks

for. suggestions about the model cow

stall, and as I have used them fox the

past three years, and having taken

measurements, both when the cows

were standing up and when lying

down, perhaps I can offer some hints

to him and others interested.



If you are going to keep the larger

breeds of cows you will have to make

your stalls a little Wider and longer

than you would if you keep Jerseys,

and if you are going to raise your

own cows, which every farmer should

do, it would be a good idea to have

one end of your manger nearer to the

manure gutter than the other end is,

so as to keep your heifers and young

cows in the shorter stalls. We all

know that cows have different habits.

You may have two cows of exactly

the same length and have them in

stalls of the same size and one of

them will drop nearly all of her ma-

nure in the gutter, while the other one

will step forward and drop nearly all

of hers on the platform behind the

2x4. If you have stalls of different

lengths you can put each cow in the

stall that fits her the ‘best. My rule

is to have-the stall measure one foot

more from the front side of the man-

ger to the gutter, than the cow meas-

ures from her poll to her tail. l have

one cow that measures seven feet in

length and her stall is eight feet'long

and three feet and eight inches wide.

She drops 90 per cent of her manure





.in the gutter and that is as good as





any of them will do.





Size of Stalls.



Now, in regard to the proper place

to place the 214, you must have it at

least 15 inches in front of the gutter

or it will be in the way when milking.

Do not fasten the 214 solid, but have

it so you can move it forward, it nec-

essary, to keep the cows from soiling

the bedding.



Now, as to the width of the con—

crete manger. if you have the 2x4 15

inches from the gutter you must have

about five and a half feet for the cow

to lie down in if she weighs from 1009

to 1100 pounds, and if your stall is

eight feet long it will leave only about

14 inches for your manger. and if it

is six inches deep it will be large

enough.



The floors in my stalls have a fall

of one inch in three feet, but if I were

going to make another I would have

a fall of one inch in two feet. The

gutters are eight inches deep on the

side next to the cows and nine inches

wide on the bottom, and then slope

upwards towards the alley till they

make a raise of six or seven inches

and are about two feet wide across

the top. By making them in this way

they are much handler to clean out

than they would be

straight down on both sides.



Proportions of Cement to Use.



When mixing the concrete be sure

to have it good and rich. Use from

two and a half to three measures of

sand to one of cement and make your

floor thick enough so it will hold, but

do not on any account lay the founda-

tion and let it dry before putting on

the finishing coat for if you do it will

be very apt to break up and shell of.

Lay the foundation and finish it up

before it has a chance to dry at all.



My basement has a wide door

at each end and I drive through be-

hind the cows and clean it out as of-

ten as necessary and draw the ma-

nure right to the field and spread it.

In doing this way it is not much more

than one-half the labor that it would

be if I wheeled the manure out and

piled it up at the end of the barn and

draw it to the field after it had laid

in the pile for six months, and one-

half of the fertility had leached out

of it. I use nearly all my manure in

preparing my land for alfalfa.

Oceans. (30... ' H. K. Bump.





if they were.
Ndrf‘i'l,"iT~19 .





LII-LIE FARMSTEAD DAIRY

‘ NOTES.



Many people ask, is there danger of

overfeeding? That is, can one injure

a cow by over feeding? Most assur-

edly this can be done and easily done,

too, if one is not careful. Most herds-

men, or care-takers of cows, are too

anxious to make big records when

they start in to make records, and

when they are, the results are almost

always disastrous. We have a cow at

present; a splendid young thing, with

her second calf, on the safe road for

400 pounds or more of fat in a year.

She was doing nicely, leaning right

into the collar with all her might, yet

the man thought she could stand a

little more urging and increased the

grain ration too much. The result is

a very sick cow, a veterinary bill to

pay and the cow nearly dry. She may

recover and may come back to her

milk partially, but it will cut her yield

down tremendously.



Good Judgment Necessary for Safe

Feeding.



It takes a man with good judgment

to feed cows on test. We try to sim-

plify this feeding proposition so no

mistakes will be made, but they hap-

pen once in a while, just the same.

Our rule is to feed no cow over two





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





feed too much, so as to cause indigest-

tion, you lose ground which can never

be’ regained.



It pays to have appetizing roughage

so the cow will eat a due proportion

of it in preference to eating too much

grain. We try to get our young calves

to eating roughage as soon as possi-

ble and encourage them to eat a good





bit of it. Silage, alfalfa and clover .





hay, also straw, are good. We also

give a little dry grain every day in

addition to the flaxseed jelly in the

milk. They ought nOt to have all

bulky foods but enough to distend the

stomach and paunch and develop good

capacity there.





WHAT TO FEED WITH CORN AND

CORNSTALKS.





 





The corn plant (corn and corn-

stalks) is an unbalanced food con-

taining an excess of carbohydrates in

proportion to the protein. The thing

to do, then, ‘is to purchase foods rela-

tively rich in protein. Besides this,

corn for grain and stalks for roughage

do not furnish sufficient variety to

give best results. I don’t think you

can get best results with cornstalks

alone for roughage, hence I would rec-

ommend the purchase of some bay to

feed with the roughage, and I believe





\





 





Guernsey Sires in the Ring at the National Dairy Show.





pounds of cottonseed meal, oil meal or

gluten feed per day. Any of these

foods are highly concentrated. If we

are feeding with gluten feed and oil

meal we give not over two pounds of

gluten feed and one pound of oil meal,

the balance of the graip ration, which

at present is ground oats, the whole

ration not to exceed one pound of

grain for every pound of fat produced

in a week.



Cows must not be fed a grain ra-

tion so great that they neglect to eat

a proper amount of roughage. Two-

thirds of the total dry matter of a ra-

tion should be in the form of rough-

age and one-third in the form of grain.

If the cow is encouraged to eat more

grain than this one is liable to get in-

to trouble.



Do Not Force the Feeding.



A herdsman must be level-headed

enough to go safe or he can do more

damage in a short time than he can

do good in making records. The work

can be done safely. One must not

get in too big a hurry. The man who

drives a horse in a race so fact that

he breaks, in the second quarter, or

so fast that he lagS'from fatigue on

the home stretch, rarely gets his

horse to poke his nose under the wire

first. This is not good driving. One

must know when the horse is doing

all he can, and be content. It is the

same with a cow. If she is urged to





it would be economical also, for it

would not be necessary to feed so

much grain to get best results. Clo-

ver or alfalfa is the kind to buy for

they are much richer in protein than

cornstalks. If you could feed hay once

a day and cornstalks once a day, it

would assist very much in making a

profitable ration.



For a grain ration I would recom-

mend corn meal, wheat bran and cot-

tonseed meal, mixing these feeds in

proportion of 200 pounds of bran, 200

pounds of corn meal and 100 pounds

of cottonseed meal. They should be

thoroughly mixed so as to get a uni-

form distribution of cottonseed meal

to prevent overfeeding of this rich

food. If you had silage I would rec—

ommend feeding the cottonseed meal

separately, giving each cow not to ex-

ceed two pounds daily and feeding the

cottonseed meal mixed with the sil-

age, but without the silage it is better

to mix it carefully with the other

grain.



A good rule is to feed not to ex-

ceed one pound of grain per day for

each pound of butter-fat produced in

a day, or one pound of grain for every

four pounds of milk produced, if the

cow produces less than four per cent

milk, and one pound of grain perday

for every, three pounds of milk if the

cow produces four and a half to five

percent milk.





 





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Be sure when you buy your engine that it

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Not every local dealer can show you International

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name of the local dealer who handles our engines.





 





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At Last $.33? SCOURS





 





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““13? . .
428-8





The Michigan Farmer





Established 1843. (,opywright 1914.





The Lawrence Publishing Co.





Editors and Proprietors.





t 45 Con rem St. Welt Detroit .Mlohiran

39 o TELm’Hoxn Mint 4525.

NEW YORK OFFIC 12—41 Park Row.

CHICAGO OFFC E—‘604 Advertising Building.

CLEVELAND OFFICE—10114015 Oregon Ave.. N. E.

PHILADELPHIA OFFICE—214418 Twelfth St.





M. J. LAWRENCE ..................................... President

M. L. LAWRENCE. ............................... ch-Pfemdcnt

E. H. HOUGHTON .................................... Sea-ms.





l. R. WATERBURY .......... }





 





BURT WERMUTH ----------- Assoieate





 





 





F. A. WILKEN ........................ Editor.



ALTA LAWSON LITFELL ........................



E. H. HOUGHTON .......................... Businm Mung"

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:



One year, 52 issues .......................................... 50 can“



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Always send money by draft. postoflice money order,

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We never. unless through error. send The Michigan

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No bills will ever be sent should a subscription through

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RATES OF ADVERTISING:

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Entered as second class matter at the Detroit. Michigan.





poetoliicc.





DETROIT, NOV. 14-, 1914.





A FEW LEADING ARTICLES OF

THE WEEK.





 





 





Examples of Community Organiza-

tion.——-How one Michigan commu-

nity has developed a number of

local organizations ............ .421



Know What Others Are Doing.——A

plea for wider observation and

deeper study by Michigan farm-

ers ............................ 422



The Value of Variety Tests.—Sur-

prising results shown by a com-

parative test of varieties ........ 423



The Foot and Mouth Disease—A

brief history of the disease and

description of its characteristic





symptoms ..... 424

About the Peach Tree.—Important

items in good peach culture ..... 425





The Domestic Crucible.——The first

of an interesting series of human

interest articles ................ 434



Some Dairy Marketing Problems.—

Relating to methods of market-

ing and price making ............ 436



The Contributions of Poultry to

Food and Diet—Comparisons of

nutritive value of different kinds

of poultry ................... ..441





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





In another column

Attend the Market of this issue will

Conference. be found the an.

nouncement of a.

farmers’ market conference called at

Saginaw, Mich., for Friday, November

20, 1914, by the executives of two of

Michigan’s great farmers’ organiza-

tions, the state leader in farm man-

agement work, and several represent-

atives qf county agricultural bureaus.

This conference is called particularly

for the discussion of the bean market

situation and with a view of taking

some action which will insure to the

growers an equitable price for this

year’s crop. Other general marketing

topics will doubtless be considered,

especially the market situation per-

taining to potatoes, apples, etc, which

topics are particularly seasonable at

the present time.

' It is important that many Michigan

farmers interest themselves in this

proposition and attend this first mar-

ket conference to be held in Michi-

gan. The principle of conservative

marketing as a means of equable price

regulation has been so frequently em-

phasized in these columns that furth-

er comment on that point seems su-

perfluous; it is a fact, however, that

Michigan bean growers. or even a re«

s'pectable percentage of them, could

exercise a beneficial control over the





WT?!“ for this staple by simply em—‘





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





ploying this principle of conservative

marketing. Michigan’s situation with

regard to other staple crops is not

comparable to that relating particu-

larly to beans, but the general consid-

eration of problems involved in the

marketing of other crops might bear

profitable fruit for the growers.



If Michigan farmers in general, and



bean growers in particular, who are at

all able to attend such a meeting will

respond to the call for this market

conference, a promising beginning

will have been made in the solution of

this vexed question of insuring the

producer a fair share of the consum-

er’s dollar.

The handicap to

live stock move-

ments imposed by

the quarantine in effect for the pur-

pose of localizing the foot and mouth

disease will be an inconvenience to a

great many farmers who have stock

ready to ship which they have figured

on selling at an early date. In addi-

tion to the impossibility of shipping

outside of the state, the closing of the

Detroit Stock Yards for disinfection,

thus closing that market for the week,

will add to this difficulty. While some

shipments are being made to Detroit

packing plants from counties not un-

der quarantine, these are necessarily

limited. One consequence of the state

quarantine will be the flooding of the

Detroit market with more than 3 nor-

mal shipment of stock when it is re-

opened. This will mean lower prices

if the amount offered exceeds the abil-

ity of Detroit packers to assimilate,

consequently it would be the part of

wisdom for farmers who have live

stock which can be held for future

sale to avoid crowding their stock on

the market and thus aggravating this

condition. Under favorable conditions

the interstate shipment of stock will

be resumed at no distant date, but the

quarantine will not be raised until» the

foot and mouth disease is under con-

trol at all points where it has been

reported. In the meantime prices for

live stock will be better supported by

conservative marketing on the part of

owners.





Selling Live Stock.





In another column of

Controlling the this issue will be

Epidemic. found a brief history

of the present out-

break of foot and mouth disease and

a description of the characteristic

symptoms of the disease. In the brief

period which has elapsed since that

description was written, two more

states have been added to the list of

those under quarantine. The federal

authorities consider the situation to

be most grave, admittingthis to be

the most virulent of any outbreak of

this disease which has occurred in

this country.



Charges and counter-charges have

recently been made in an attempt to

fix the blame for the spread of the

contagion to so many localities. This,

however, is unprofitable: the condi-

tion confronts the authorities, and

they are doing their very best tomeet

it by effective measures. In these ef-

forts they should have the co-Opera—

tion 'of every citizen to the end that

success may meet their efforts in its

eradication at whatever cost, since in

any event the cost of its eradication

will be but a fraction of theloss to

our live stock industry should the dis-

ease be permitted to spread overthe

country and become general. Only by

localizing it can these attempts be

successful, hence the duty incumbent

upon every person to observe quaran-

tine regulations and every possible

personal precaution to prevent further

spread of the infection.





Many of the readers

A Consolidated of these columns will

School Failure. no doubt recall an



article in our Maga-

zine Section on the subject of “Michi-

gan’s First Consolidated School,” in

which the history and work of that

school was described in detail by its





superintendent. Subsequent to the

publication 'of the article some. of the

statements made therein were criti-p

cized by Mrs. R. M. Brownell, of La-

peer county, who cited certain state

reports in proof of her statements.

Later we learned that there was .con-

siderable friction in the Comstock dis-

trict over the conduct of school [af-

,fairs, which crystalized at the annual

school meeting in 1912, at which time

Mr. H. L. Jacobson, a farmer who had

recently moved into the district from

another state, was elected a member

of the board, and voiced the opposi-

tion of those who were dissatisfied

with the methods of doing business

which were then in vogue. This start-

ed more trouble and other members

of-the board sought to have Mr. Jac-

obson removed, at which time he ad-

dressed a communication to the Mich-

igan Farmer referring to the article

which had been previously published

in our columns, and pointing out fur-

ther alleged inaccuracies in same, as

well as commenting upon the situa-

tion which then existed in the local

controversy. This communication was

returned to the writer, with the

suggestion that when the controversy

was settled, we should be glad to have

him submit proof of his contentions,

but that while same was in progress

we preferred not to give publicity to

a controversy which might have an

adverse effect upon the consummation

of needed consolidation of schools

where same might be contemplated.





The chapter is now closed, this re-

sult having been reached through the

dissolving of the consolidated district

by the petition of a majority of the

taxpayers concerned, the dissolution

taking place at the close of the last

school year. The figures submitted

seem to show conclusively that the

dissatisfaction was a. result of the in.

crease of taxation, due to the fact that

the annual cost of conducting the

school was more than doubled during

the six years of its operation. Men-

tion is now made of this matter, not

alone to correct the apparently erron‘

eons impression created by the article

above referred to, to the effect that

the operation of this school had proven

entirely successful and satisfactory to

the people of this district, but as well

to point out the more important fact

that its failure to ultimately make

goodwas just as apprently due to in-

efficient management rather than to

any fault of the system itself; in fact,

even the man who led the dissatisfied-

faction in its attempt to determine the

difficulty and remove the obstacle to

more economic administration of

school affairs, freely states that he

thinks the abandonment of the consol-

idated school idea was a great mis-

take, and from his experience is satis-

fied that more satisfactory and eco-

nomical results can be secured under

consolidation than by the several units

operating independently.



The apparent trouble in this case

was that farmers who paid the bulk

of the taxes to support the school

were not accorded equable representa-

tion on the school board by the vil-

lage patrons of the school who had a

majority of voting power. Such a rep-

resentation from the beginning would

have probably saved for years of fu-

ture usefulness this pioneer among

consolidated schools in Michigan.





 





A FARMERS’ MARKET CONFER-

ENCE.





 





The disappointment in the yield of

beans this year, together with the

general market conditions, has led

to a demand for a farmers’ mar-

ket conference relating to beans and

other farm products.



For this purpose we, the undersign-

ed. hereby call a farmers’ market con-

ference at Saginaw, Friday, Novem-

rberC20, 1914, at 11:00 a. m,.and ur-

gently request farmers to attend. and





seek to improve market condittoflsscprpfof 21 to'7.





NOV. 14. 1914.





Anagent of the U. S. Bureau of Mar-

kets is expected. : '



Jas. N. McBride,.Michigan Associa-

tion-of Farmers’ Clubs; J. C. Ketch-

am, Master Michigan State Grange;

Eben Mumford, State Leader U. S.

Department of Agriculture and M. A.

C.; C. B. COOk, Agent Allegan County

Farm Bureau; E. P. Robinson, Agent

Saginaw County Farm Bureau;.



Mr. Robinson is also local commit-

tee on arrangements.





 





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





. Foreign.



The European War.——The Germans

have begun a second attempt to break

through the lines of the Allies at



pres for the purpose of advancing

upon the French coast cities of Dun~

kirk and Calais, from which point they

might be able to menace England. The

inundation of the Yser region by the

Belgians to check the German ad-

Vance has resulted in an advantage to

the Germans by shortening their lines.

In the east the Russians seem to have



een successful in dividing the Ger-



man and Austrian armies, forcing the

latter backointo the passes of the Car-

pathian mountains and causing the

Germans to retire from Poland. Al-

ready the Russian forces have invad«

ed the province of Posen and have

crossed the Prussian frontier from

Staluponen to Lyck, a distance of 60

miles. The new position of the armies

is causing apprehension in Germany,

and will likely result in the withdraw—

al of forces from the west to stop the

Slavs. The allied forces of England

and Japan captured the German fort-

ress at Tsing-Tao, China after a siege

of a month’s duration. . This will re

lieve the British and Japanese fleets

employed in the attack upon the fort«

ress for use against German ships

now operating in the Pacific Ocean, 3.

need made apparent by the German

victory of! the coast cf Chile, last

week, when a. British battleship was

sunk.



The latest bulletin from Mexico

states that Gen. Gutierrez who was

elected provisional President of Mex‘

ico by the recent convention, has been

imprisoned by Gen. Villa. It is stated

that the reason for the act is a refus-

al on the part of Gutierrez to be domi-

nated by the military chief.



After a period of seven years Mount

Vesuvius began an eruption in May.

1913, which has been constantly grow—

ing until it has now reached an acute

stage. At present the crater is 1,000

feet deep. -



It is reported that the number of

cases of cholera among the Austrian





Soldiers is rapidly declining because ,





of the splendid sanitary measures in-

stituted by the government.





National.





The present outbreak of foot and

mouth disease exceeds in area infect-

ed any of the five previous outbreaks

1n this country. To date ten states

have been quarantined by the Depart-

ment of Agriculture. Not only have

important live stock markets been





closed, thereby interrupting the reg« ‘





ular channels for supplying the meat

markets of the country, but by reason

of the disease being transmitted to

humans through the use of milk from

infected cows, much anixety exists ov-

er the milk supply of the cities in or

near the afiected districts. Federal

authorities state that dairy herds sup-

plying milk for consumption should be

inspected every day.



The result of the election on No-

vember 3 showed a gain for the re-

publican party in the House of Rep-

resentatives where the democratic

plurality has been reduced from 142

to_about 30, several districts as yet

being contested. In the Senate the

democrats gained eight seats. In Mich-

igan Governor Ferris was re—elected

by a majority of over 35,000, while the

republican nominees for the other

state offices were elected by varying

majorities.



The American people have already

senteight cargoes of foodstuff for the

relief of the unfortunate people of

Belgium. It is estimated that 20,000

tons more will be needed for Novem-

ber, and that thereafter 30,000 tons

monthly will be sufficient to tide over

the refugees. \



Forest fires are sweeping over thou-

sands of acres of land in New Jersey.





Four counties are affected, and hun-,





dreds of farmers have been compelled

to leave their crops to fight flames.

Two more states have given women





the right of franchise. At the election.





last Tuesday, Nevada. and Montana

were added to the list of nine states

allowing women the full right to vote.



Michigan was favored with football

victories last Saturday, when the Uni~

versity .tea‘m defeated the Pennsylvan-





ia eleven at Ann Arbor with a score of





3.41to 3, "while the M.‘ A. . C.





featedthe Mount Union; athletes by a.





e.
LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?

INFORMATION





 





 





 





 





‘Ihe FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper every week. Every article is writtten especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere.





Flag Making and the Thimble of Betsy Ross.





T is a far, far cry from the old

Quaker days, in Philadelphia, to

the modern bustle and hurry of a

live Michigan town, and it’s an inter-

esting descent from sewing the first

flag for what was to become the





greatest republic in history, to sew—‘





ing the layette of each infant, in turn,

that blesses the descendants of Betsy

Ross, but briefly, such is the story, in

part, of the historic thimble with

which Mrs. Ross made the first Amer-

ican flag.



In Monroe county, Michigan, Mr.

“Buck” Bragdon~on1y drop the “Mr.”

please, he doesn’t approve of titles and

tells everybody, from Louis Motz up,

that it’s just plain “Buck” Bragdon—

lays claim to being the next owner of

the thimble of Betsy Ross. “Buck,”

in fact, is proudest of all things of the

fact that his mother is a direct des—

cendant of Betsy Ross, the great Am-

erican flag maker.



This lady, who now owns the thim-

ble—but with it already pledged to

“Buck”——is Mrs. Hannah Agnes Ross

Bragdon, residing at Monroe, Mich.

Her husband, an attorney, is still

alive. Mrs. Bragdon came to Monroe

from South Bend in 1848, that is, be-

fore her marriage.



Her father, in turn, was the- first

white missionary in St. Joseph county

——this, Benjamin Ross—the far-famed

Methodist converter of those days.

“Buck” recalls his grandmother tell-

ing how, again and again, squaws of

the local Indian chiefs would hide her,

for periods, here and there, to keep

her from their husbands, when these

were intoxicated by the white man’s

firewater. It was indeed dangerous

for a girl to be about at such times

and in this wise the Indian women

reciprocated his grandfather’s kind-

nesses to them.



This Benjamin Ross, in his turn,

was the son of George Ross, of Phil-

adelphia, well-known as the thirteenth

signer of the Declaration of Independ-

ence. He was the man who married

Betsy Ross—though the story of how

they met and of their courtship has

passed out of the family traditions

and is now lost. Betsy Ross, it will

be remembered, was a widow when

she made the first flag.



At the time of Betsy Ross’s death,

by lucky chance, one of her children





 





hymn; Are Printed.





By FELIX J. KOCH.





I|HIHHHIIIH[lllllllllllllllllllllllIIHIllllllll[IlllllllllllllI[HIIIHIllllllllHillllllllllllllllllllllllllllll IIIIIHHHIIHIllllllilllllllllli lllllillil Ii' IllH!IUH;|llIIHIIIHIIIHHIIlllIHlliiihli|Ii]illl”ll”|lHlllllllllllHIHHHIHIIIIIII





took the thimble she had kept (in a

halfifoolish way, to the notion of peo-

ple of those times), because with it

she had made the first American flag.

This thimble was of pewter and com-

paratively of small size.



While to outward appearance it is

just a common ordinary thimble, to-

day “Buck’s” mother keeps it in the

safety-deposit vault at Monroe and it

is brought out only for making the

layette of the little ones, as these are

expected, among the lineal descend-

ants of Betsy Ross. “Buck’s” mother





 





herself used it to make the garments

for her four children—among others

this same Alonzo B. Bragdon. “Buck’s”

wife has also used it for their chil-

dren.



It is interesting to note that Brag-

don’s grandfather was Samuel Burn-

ham Bragdon, who carried the news

of Cornwallis’s surrender to Philadel-

phia, and is mentioned in the war de-

partment records in that connection.



Betsy Ross lies buried in Philadel-

phia. Great, indeed, though, the

changes that have come in the mak-





“The Flag of Our Country Forever."





 





8hlpplng Flags."





 





By-producte of a Flag Factory.





ing of the American flag since her





‘ time!





The' largest flag—manufacturing plant

in the world, and one which supplies

not alone the better portion of the

United States, but England also, is

situated in Cincinnati, and some 125

persons are employed the year ’round

at the work. Orders for the Fourth of

July and Decoration Day are the ban-

ner ones of the year, though the lat-

ter far outnumber those for the nation-

al holiday, and often of several other

holidays combined.



The enormous capacity of the plant,

which finds its market through no

fewer than ten wholesalers, has been

made possible by the invention of a.

local man, in the form of a press

which, although somewhat on the prin-

ciple of a newspaper press, is con-

structed for the printing of flags

alone. At present a dit‘t’erent plate

must be employed for each color upon

the flag, but once this difficulty has

been overcome, one great factory will

practically be able to supply all de-

mands for flags.



The muslin for the cheaper variety

of flags, the commoner ones, is bought

in bolts containing a thousand yards.

It is then cut by hand to the proper

width and is fed to the presses. In

the old, method of flagmaking the

printing was done in a manner similar

to the principle employed in the old-

fashioned hand printing press, while

in the new print shop one sees ma-

chinery similar to that of the large

newspaper presses of today. Colors

for the flags are mixed at. the factory,

in order to insure a proper shade. Af-

ter printing, the flags are permitted

to dry twenty-four hours before being

cut out from the long sheets, after

which they are set to the poles by a.

corps of girls. A number of sizes of

these flag-sticks are also made at the

factory, being fitted to flags running

all the way from two by four inches

to six feet in size.



Bunting, muslin and silk—the lat-

ter flags outranking the others in price

by two to one—are the prime mate-

rials for the manufacture of flags.

Both silk and hunting flags, moreover,

are made almost exclusively per the

retailer’s order, while the muslin flags

are turned out the year ’round. ,



The national emblems will range in





   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





‘M'Arfi ‘— . w. '<





 





 





Wiwfm'fiffiéiufifyk .2; . .
Here, Mr. Farmer is a

boot affording the

greatest possible com-

fort for winter wear.





Red Cross





Combination





Top Rubbers





As illustrated, this boot is a

combination of rubber,

leather and waterproof duck.

The bottomsare first quality

Goodyear Glove Duck Lum-

bermen’s OVers. The duck

runs down to the rubber in- ,

side the leather, the entire

leg being 16 inches high,

and a snow-excluding tongue

runs full length.





This boot worn over a

good wool sock makes the





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





size from *two inches by three, to as

much as 36 by 42. Each sheet is 73

inches square, as it emerges from the

press. It is then cut up into the sev-

eral sizes. The little five-cent flag

and the larger 11x18 inch flags, which

retail for a nickel, are probably the

best sellers.



By the new press arrangement, the

factory can turn out some 1400 sheets

of flagging, consisting of six varieties





indeed, from that which Betsy Ross

indulged in. Nevertheless, some of

the little ones whose infant garments

were sewn with the thimble used by

Mrs. Ross herself, now disport, on the

glorious Fourth, and at other times,

with flags whose designs are, in sense,

identical with that which she conceiv-

ed, or take part in living flags and the

like to celebrate some event in the

history of the nation whose symbol





of flags, in a working day. she designed. But .the spirit of pa-

Strangely different, this flag—making, triotism is the same.





 





”="=—.'LllllllllllllIIIlllllllllllllililllllllllilllllllllllIIllllllllllllllllllllllllillllll|IIlllllllfllIllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllfllilliflll|Illllillllllllllllllllllllllllll"ImmIlllllllllllillIlllll[lililllillllilllilllllIlliiilllllllillléE

W ' ‘ t f the Prairie

i; . BY HAROLD BINDLOSS. g

E Copyrighted by Frederick A. StokesOompany. , E

filllllllmlHilllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllIlllIlllllllllllll“HIIINIINIllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllulllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllll—Ffl





Synopsis of Previous Chapters.





Farmer Winston, a bankrupt homesteader, accepts a proposal to simu-

late Lance Courthorne, an adventurer. Courthorne and his pals struggle

with the police, kill Trooper Shannon, who leaves 'eVidence. pointing to Win

ston as the murderer, and smuggle through some illegal distillery products.

To Silverdale, a settlement founded by Colonel Barrington, Maud Barring-

ton, his niece and ward, has just returned from Montreal. The Colonel is

worried over a fall in wheat prices, and also over the coming of Lance

Courthorne, Miss Barrington’s cousin, to Silverdale to claim a share of his

father’s estate. Maud Barrington learns more of her cousin’s unsavory

past. Winston, in the meantime, pushes on to Montana, is held for Court~

borne by an officer, who discloses to him the belief that .Winston is the

murderer of Shannon. Mail for Courthorne is opened by Winston. Comply-

ing with instructions in the letter, he meets and confers With a lawyer re-

specting Courthorne’s inheritance at Silverdale. Visits the colony. Some

of his actions fail to tally with Courthorne’s reputation. He Wins the good

will of Dane, the Colonel’s adviser. The real Courthorne, supposed to have

been drowned during the smuggling, now reappears in Montana. meets

Ailly Blake, whose life he had blighted and _who is .now engaged to one

Potter, a rancher. The scene now shifts again to Winston.





CHAPTER X. into under her uncle’s guardianship.



An Armistice. When this had been done, and the



HE dismal afternoon was draw- killing of Trooper Shannon forgotten,



ing in when Winston, driving it would be time for him to slip back

home from the railroad, came into the obscurity he came from.



into sight of a lonely farm. It lifted Then the fact that the homestead



itself out of the prairie, a blur of hud- was growing nearer forced itself upon



(lied buildings on the crest of a long his perceptions. and he glanced doubt-



rise, but at first sight Winston scarce- fully across the prairie as he ap-



ly noticed it. He was gazing abstract- preached the forking of the trail. A



edly down the sinuous smear of trail gray dimness was creeping across the



which unrolled itself like an endless wilderness and the smoky sky seemed





 





:‘ightest, warmest, most

common-sense outfit made.





Write Dept. C for name

of nearest dealer.





Hirtli-Krause Company

Manufacturers





Grand Rapids - - Michigan





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Wanted—Honest, Energetic Men





' e or county to sell our big line of goods direct to

i‘la‘ririerg. EXPERIENCE NOT NECESSARY. We

fully instruct you, Farmers. laborers. mechanics. or

any men willing to work can make

$I.000 to $3,000 a year



handling our big sellers. Exclusive territory given.We

furnish you the capital; you furnish the team to carry

the goods. Be your own boss in a. pleasant, permanent

and profitable business. Write at. once for full par-

tieulars giving age and occupation.





THE DUOFORM 00.. Do i. 2.

uoa'rn JAVA,H.Y. . , ,p





k i a

I

i





 





 

 

 





w typewriter

' 10 DAYS' FREEt '5!!de 38

23th mei’wtfigfi-yégi? 501-6“?! 3o: being at?“ 13

md"'ui'i'3‘u:‘%be :8?ng You when: Irish. ’ m

FREE l‘— Leathonttownclabzrylrg Gaucho

”333%? $3.3m" iii? for handgun raider.





Idling Incline 60..





F annulus

hated If C





an

PERATIVE PLAN

-- near the Cu out where two and





 

 

 





   





 





 





 





 





the

them on a big.

ambi 3

Write for ourFarm'Bookwiflitull

HILLS Fm 00.(Nonhern Agency) HILL. IN.

Railway Mail Clerks. Clerk-Oorrlen and Rural 0w

1





' ted. I otionduet Examinations. can help

mfgga‘i'gminnion Free. Gallant. r! B. St. Louis





 





ribbon across the great white deso- to hang lower above the dully gleam-

lation, and his brain was busy. Four ing snow, while the moaning wind

months had passed since he came to flung little clouds of icy dust about

Silverdale, and they had left their him. It was evident that the snow

mark on him. was not far away, and it was still two

At first there had been the constant leagues to Silverdale, but Winston,

fear of detection, and when that had who had been to Winnipeg, had busi-

lessened and he was accepted as ness with the farmer, and had faced a

Lance Courthorne, the latter’s unfor- prairie storm before. Accordingly he

tunate record had met him at every swung the team into the forking trail

turn. It accounted for the suspicious and shook the reins. There was, he

of Colonel Barrington, the reserve of knew, little time to lose, and in an-

his niece, and the aloofness of some other five minutes he stood, still wear-

Of his neighbors, while there had been ing his white-sprinkled furs, in a room

times when Winston found Silverdale of the birch-log building.

almost unendurable. He was, how- “Here are your accounts, Macdon-

ever, an obstinate man, and there was ald, and while we’ve pulled up our

on the opposite side the gracious kind- losses, I can’t help thinking we have

ness of the little gray-haired lady, who‘ just got out in time," he said. “The

had from the beginning been his market is but little stiffer yet, but

champion, and the friendship of Dane, there is less selling, and before a few

and one or two of the older men. months are over we’re going to see a

Winston had also proved his right to sharp recovery.”

be listened to, and treated, outwardly The farmer glanced at the dew-

at least, with due civility, while some- ments, and smiled with contentment

thing in his resolute quietness ren- as he took the check. “I’m glad I list-

dered an impertinence impossible. He ened to you,” he said. “It’s unfortu-

knew by this time that he could hold nate for him and his niece that Bar-

his own at Silverdale, and based his rington wouldn’t—at least, not until

conduct on the fact, but that was only he had lost the opportunity.”

one aSDect of the question, and he “I don’t understand,” said Winston.

speculated as to the consummation. “No,” said the farmer, “you’ve been

It was, however, evident that in the away. Well, you know it takes a long

meanwhile he must continue to pose while to get an idea into the Colonel’s

as Courthorne, and he felt, rightly or head, t once it's in, it’s even harder

wrongly. that the possession of his to get it out again. Now, Barrington

estate was, after all, a small repara- looked down on wheat jabbing, but

tion for the injury the outlaw had money’s tight at Silverdale, and when

done him, but the affair was compli- he saw what you were making, he

cated by the fact that, in taking commenced to think. Accordingly, he’s

Courthorne’s inheritance, he had de~ going to sell, and, as, he seems con-

prived Maud Barrington of part of vinced that wheat will not go up again

hers. The girl's coldness stung him, let half the acreage lie fallow this

but her unquestionable beauty and season. The worst of it is, the others

strength of character had not been will follow him, and'he controls Maud

without their effect, and the man Barrington’s property as well as his

winced as he remembered that she own."

had no pity for anything false or Winston’s face was grave. “I heard





- mean. He had decided only upon two in Winnipeg that most of the smaller





things: first, that he would vindicate men, who had lost courage, were do-

himself in her eyes, and, since nobody .ing the same thing. That means 3.

else could apparently-do it, pull the very small crop of western hard, and

property that should have been hers millers paying our own prices. Some-

out of the ruin it had been drifting body must stop the Colonel.”





 





 





 





NOV. 14, 1914.





“Well,” said Macdonald dryly, “I





wouldn’t like to be’ the man, and after





all, it’s only your opinion. As you

have seen, the small men here and in

Minnesota are afraid to plow.”



Winston laughed softly. "‘The man

who makes the dollars is the one who

sees farther than the crowd. Anyway,

I found the views of one or two men

who make big deals were much the

same as mine, and I’ll speak to Miss

Barrington.”



“Then, if you wait a little, you will

have an opportunity. She is here, you

see.”



Winston looked disconcerted. “She

should not have been. Why didn’t you

send her home? There’ll be snow be-

for she reaches Silverdale.”



Macdonald laughed. “I hadn’t no-

ticed the weather and, though my

wife wished her to stay, there is no

use in attempting to persuade Miss

Barrington to do anything when she

does not want to. In some respects

she is very like the Colonel.”



The farmer led the way into anoth-

er room, and Winston flushed a little

when the girl returned his greeting in

a fashion which he fancied the pres-

ence of Mrs. Macdonald alone render-

ed distantly cordial. Still, a glance

through the windows showed him that

delay was inadvisable. '



“I think you had better stay here

all night, Miss Barrington,” he said.

“There is snow coming.”



“I am sorry our views do not coins

cide,” said the girl. “I have several

things to attend to at the Grange.”



“Then Macdonald will keep your

team, and I will drive you home,”

said Winston. “Mine are the best

horses at Silverdale, and I fancy we

will need all their strength.”



Miss Barrington looked up sharply.

There had been a little ring in VVin-

ton’s voice, but there was also a so-

licitude in his face which almost as-

tonished her, and when Macdonald

urged her to comply she leisurely

rose.



“I will be ready in ten minutes.”

she said.



Winston waited at least twenty.

very impatiently, but when at last the

girl appeared, handed her with quiet

deference into the sleigh, and then

took his place, as far as the dimen.

sions of the vehicle permitted, apart

from her. Once he fancied she notic-

ed it with faint amusement, but the

horses knew what was coming, and

it was only when he got them pulled

up to a trot again on the slope of a

rise thathe found speech convenient.



“I am glad we are alone, though I

feel a little diflidence in asking a fav-

or of you because unfortunately when

I venture to recommend anything you

usually set yourself against it,” he

said. “This is, in the language of the

country, tolerably straight.”



Maud Barrington laughed. “I could

find no fault with it on the score of

ambiguity.”



“Vi"ell,” said W'inston, “I believe

your uncle is going to sell wheat for

you, and let a good deal of your land

go out of cultivation. Now, as you

perhaps do not know, the laws which



(Continued on page 432).





N

THE WANDERLUST OF AUTUMN.





BY MARGARET ERSKINE.





Oh, the rustling and the bustling of

’ the leaves from off the trees :

Neath the leaping and the sweeping

0f the Wanderlust breeze;

Oh, the hurry and the scurry and the

, flurry of the wings,

Neath the stinging and the winging

that this Wanderlust brings;

Oh, the Wanderlust of Autumn,

When the woods smell of the firs,

When the gladness and the glory.

Of the dying years is hers:

When the city cannot hold us,

In her golden rival thrall,

From the Wanderlust of Autumn,

And we answer to her call

As we lie among the bracken,

As we rustle thro’ the leaves,

As we sniff brown open-throated,

At the salt-stung, rushing breeze.

Oh. the Wanderlust of. Autumn, ’midst

its driving, driving rain,





 





And its longings and renewings of the i





gold of youth again.
l NOV. 14, 1914.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER 11—431





WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





(‘opyright by Undervwmd .t I'ndurwuod. N. Y.





The Belgians Checked German Advance on the Railways.





 





 





 





l'upyright Ly 'l'mlm'\\'ux,-d .v I‘nnll l'Wli, N. L:





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Copyright by Underwood 6: Underwood. N. Y.

Big British Guns in Position for Effective Field Work.

*-

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Sudanese Soldiers who will Meet the Turks in Egypt.

4‘.

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.4... A Troop of Well Mounted Turkish Cavalry on the March.





 





 





 





 





 





Copyright by Underwood a Undenmod, N. Y.

Infantry of the Turkish Army which will Fight Russia.





«gr. . :-.«





 





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Mention the Mlchlnan Farmer when wrltlnc to advertisers.





THE MICHIGAN FIARM'ER





'A ROYAL PAIR.





BY EMMA GARY WALLACE.





King Frost sallied forth on a. clear,

wintry night



And dressed hillside and ‘valley in

sparkling white;



He painted the windows with ferns

and rare trees



With long winding roadways and flow-

ers and bees.





 





Then be fastened the pump so it

would not work



And iced 0' er the steps like a. cruel

old Turk,



So whoever came out in the early





ight

Wouldl Wthuimble down on the carpet of





He took big, long icicles out of his

' belt





And hung them up high where he

thought they’d not melt:



He made the walls creak with the

spikes he drove through,



Until list’ning Constance, the blankets

up—drew.





She heard the snow crunch as he



passed on his way



And then she slept soundly until it

was da y.



The sun shone so brightly ’till air be-

came warm .



And carpet and icicles soon lost then-



form.





Like hate before love the frost melted

from sight



When warmth followed after the cold

of the night.



And Constance told Rosa, her com-

rade in play _

She’d like good Queen Sunshine to



have steady sway.





And Rosa laughed gaily and pointed

outdoors



Where sparkled snow diamonds on

white meadow floors,



“It takes stern King Frost and good

Sunny Queen, too,



To bring Earth's fruits, harvest, and

flowers to view.





“Let us take of each season, its very

best



The warmth and the coolness, with

which we are blest.



For my mother says. ‘Frost and Sun

are our Friends



Each ready to help us as Nature in-

tends.’





Illlll|IllllilllllllIllIlllllllllllllll'llfllllllIUllllfllllllllllllllllll"IllIlllllflllllflllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll

WINSTON OF TH E PRAIRIE.





 





(Continued from page 430).

govern the markets are very simple

and almost immutable, but the trou-

ble is that a good many people do not

understand their application.”



“You apparently consider yourself

an exception,” said the girl.



Winston nodded. “I do just now.

Still, I do not wish to talk about my-

self. You see, the people back there

in Europe must be fed, and the latest

news from wheat-growing countries

does not promise more than an aver.

age crop, while half the faint-hearted

farmers here are not going to sow

much this year. Therefore, when the

demand comes for western Wheat

there will be little to sell.”



“But how it is that you alone see

this? Isn’t it a. trifle egotistical?”



Winston laughed. “Can’t we leave

my virtues, or the reverse, out of the

question? I feel that I am right, and

want you to dissuade your uncle. It

would be even better if, when I re-

turn to Winnipeg, you would empower

me to buy wheat for you.”



Maud Barrington looked at him cur-

iously. “I am a little perplex ed as to

why you should wish me to.”



“No doubt,” said Winston. “Still,

is there any reason why I should be

debarred the usual privilege of taking

an interest in my neighbor’s affairs?”



“No,” said the girl slowly. “But

can you not see that it is out of the

question that I should intrust you

with this commission?”



Winston’s hands closed on the reins,

and his face grew a trifle glum as he

said, “From the point of view you evi-

dently take, I presume it is.”



A flush of crimson suffused the

girl’s cheeks. “I never meant that,

and I can scarcely forgive you for

fancying I did. Of course, I could

trust you with—you have made me

use the word—the dollars, but you

must realize that I could not do any-

thing in public opposition to my un-

cle’s opinion.”





 





Nov._ 14. 1911.





Winston was sensible of a great re-

lief, but it did not appear advisable to

show it.

you apparently find it difficult to for-

give me—and we will let this one

pass,” he said. “Still, I cannot help

thinking that Colonel Barrington will

have a good deal to answer for.”



Maud Barrington made no answer,

but she was sensible of a respect

which appeared quite unwarranted for

the dryly-spoken man, who, though

she guessed her words stung him now

and then, bore them without wincing.

While she sat silent, shivering under

her furs, darkness crept down. The

smoky cloud dropped lower, the hori-

zon closed in as the gray obscurity

rolled up to meet them across a rap-

idly—narrowing strip of snow. Then

she could scarcely see the horses, and

the muffled drumming of their boots

was lost in a doieful wail of wind.

It also seemed to her that the cold.

which was already almost insupport-

able, suddenly increased, as it. not in-

frequently does in that country before

the snow. Then a‘white powder was

whirled into her face, filling her eyes

and searing the skin, while the horses

were plunging at a gallop through a

filmy haze, and Winston, whitened all

over, leaned forward with lowered

head, hurling hoarse encouragement

at them. His voice reached her fltful-

1y through the roar of wind, until

sight and hearing were lost alike as

the white haze closed about them,

and it was not until the wild gust had

passed that she heard him again. He

was apparently shouting, “Come

nearer.”



Maud Barrington was not sure

whether she obeyed him or be seized

and drew her towards him. She, how-

ever, felt the furs piled high about

her neck and that there was an arm

round her shoulder, and for' a mo-

ment was sensible of an almost over-

whelming revulsion from the contact.

She was proud and very dainty, and

fancied she knew what this man had

been, while now she was drawn in to

his side and felt her chilled blood res

spond to the warmth of his body. In-

deed, she grew suddenly hot to the

neckfand felt that henceforward she

could never forgive him or herself,

but the mood passed almost as swift-

ly, for again the awful blast shrieked

about them and she only remembered

her companion’s humanity, as the dif-

ferences of sex and character vanish‘

ed under that destroying cold. They

were no longer man and woman. but

only beings of flesh and blood. cling.

ing desperately to the life that was in

them, for the first rush of the western

snowstorm has more than a physical

effect, and man exposed to its fury

loses all but his animal instincts in

the primitive struggle with the ele-

ments.



Then, while the snow folded them

closely in its white embrace during a

lull, the girl recovered herself, and

her strained voice was faintly audible.



“This is my fault. Why don’t you

tell me so ?” she said.



A hoarse laugh seemed to issue

from the whitened object beside her,

and she was drawn closer to it again.

“We needn’t go into that just now.

You have one thing to do, and that is

to keep warm.”



One of the horses stumbled, the

grasp that was around her became re-

laxed and she heard the swish of the

whip followed by hoarse expletives,

and did not resent it. The man, it

seemed, was fighting for her life as

well as his own, and even brutal vir-

ility was necessary. After that, there

was a. space of oblivion while the

storm raged about them, until, when

the wind fell a trifle, it became evi<

dent that the horses had left the trail.



“You are off the track, and will

never make the Grange unless you

find it,” she said.’



Winston seemed to nod. “We are

not going there,” he said, and if he

added anything, it was lost in the

scream at a returning gust.





“There are ,so many things .
NOV. 14. 1914.





Again Maud Barrington’s reason~re--





asserted itself, and member-mg the

man’s history she became sensible of

a curious dismay, but it also passed

and left her with the vague realization

that he and she were actuated alike

only by the desire to escape extinc-

tion. Presently she became sensible

that the sleigh had stopped beside a

formless mound of white and the man

was shaking her.



“Hold those furs about you while I

lift you down," he said.



She did his. bidding, and did not

shrink when she felt his arms about

her, while the next moment she was

standing knee-deep in the snow and

the man shouting something she did

not catch. Team and sleigh seemed

to vanish, and she saw her companion

dimly for a moment before he was

lost in the sliding whiteness, too.

Then a horrible fear came upon her.



it seemed a very long while before

170 reappeared, and thrust her through

what seemed to be a door. Then

there was another waiting before the

light of a lamp blinked out. and she

saw that she was standing in a little

log-walled room with bare floor and a

few trusses of straw in a corner.

There was also a rusty stove, and a

very small pile of billets beside it.

Winston, who had closed the door,

stood looking at them with a curious

expression.



“Where is the team?” she gasped.



“Heading for a birch bluff or Silver-

dale, though I scarcely think they

will get there,” said the man. “‘1

have never stopped here and it wasn't

astonishing they fancied the place a

pile of snow. While I was getting the

furs out, they slipped from me.“



Miss Harrington now knew where

they were. The shanty was used by

the remoter settlers as a half-way

house where they slept occasionally

on their long journey to the railroad.

and as there was a birch blulf not far

away, it was the rule .that whoever

occupied it should replace the fuel he

had consumed. The last man had,

however, not been liberal.



“But what are we to do?‘ she asked,

with a little gasp of dismay.



“Stay here until the morning," said

Winston quietly. “Unfortunately. I

can‘t even spare you my company.

The stable has fallen in, and it would

be death to stand outside, you see. In

the meanwhile, pull out some of the

straw and put it in the stove.”



“Can you not do that?” asked Miss

Barrington, feeling that she must com.

mence at once, if she was to .keep

this man at a befitting distance.



Winston Laughed. “Oh, yes, but you

will freeze if you stand still, and

these billets require splitting. Still, if

you have special objections to doing

what I ask you, you can walk up and

down rapidly.”



The girl glanced at him a moment

and then lowered her eyes. “Of course

I was wrong. Do you wish to hear

that I am sorry?”



Winston, answering nothing, swung

an axe round his head, and the girl,

kneeling beside the stove, noticed the

sinewy suppleness of his frame and

the precision with which the heavy

blade cleft the billets. The axe, she

knew, is by no means an easy tool to

handle. At last the red flame crack-

led, and, though she had not intended

the question to be malicious. there

was a faint trace of irony in her voice

as she asked, “Is there any other

thing you wish me to do ?”



Winston flung two bundles of straw

down beside the stove, and stood look-

ing at her gravely. “Yes,” he said,

“I want you to sit down and let me

wrap this sleigh robe about you.”



The girl _ submitted, and did not

shrink visibly from his touch, when he

drew the fur robe about her shoulders

and packed the end of it round her

feet. Still, there was a faint warmth

in her face, and she was grateful tor

his unconcernedness.



“Fate or fortune has placed me in





charge of you until tomorrow, and it.





THE MICHIGAN _FARM'ER





the position is distasteful to you, it is

not my fault,” he said. “Still, I, feel

the responsibility, and it would be a.

little less difficult if you would accept

the fact tacitly.”



Maud Harrington would not have

shivered if she could have avoided it,

but the cold was too great for her,

and she did not know Whether she

was vexed or pleased at the gleam of

compassion in the man’s gray eyes. It

was more eloquent than anything of

the kind she had ever seen, but it had

gone, and he was only quietly defer-

ent, when she glanced at him again.



“I will endeavor to be good,” she

said, and then flushed with annoyance

at the adjective. Half-dazed by the

cold as she was, she, could not think

of a more suitable one. Winston, how-

ever, retained his gravity.



“Now, Macdonald gave you no sup-

per,and he has dinner at noon,” he

said. “I brought some eatables along,

and you must make the best meal you

can.”



He opened a packet, and laid it with

a little silver flask upon her knee.



“I cannot eat all this—and it is raw

spirit.” said Maud Barrington.



Winston laughed. “Are you not for-

getting your promise? Still, we will

melt a little snow into the cup.”



An icy gust swept in when he op-

ened the door, and it was only by a

strenuous effort be closed it again,

while when he came back panting,

with the top of the flask, a little color

crept into Maud Barrington’s face. “I

am sorry,” she said. “That, at least,

is your due."



“I really don’t want my due,” said

Winston, with a deprec'atory gesture,

as he laid the silver cup upon the

stove. “Can’t we forget we are not

exactly friends, just for tonight? If

so, you will drink this and commence

at once on the provisions—to please

me.”



Maud Barrington was glad of the

reviving draught, for she was very

cold, but presentlyshe held out the

packet.



“One really can’t eat many crack-

ers at once, will you help me?”





I

Winston laughed as he took one of





the biscuits. “If I had expected any

one would share my meal, I would





have provided a better one. Still, I,





have been glad to feast upon more un-

appetizing things occasionally.”



“W'hen were you unfortunate?” said

the girl.



Winston smiled somewhat dryly. “I

was unfortunate for six years on end.”



He was aware of the blunder when

he had spoken, but .Maud Barrington

appeared to be looking at the flask

thoughtfully.



“The design is very pretty,” she

said. “You got it in England?”



The man knew that it was the name

F. Winston his companion’s eyes rest-

ed on, but his face was expressionless.

“Yes,” he said. “It is one of the

things they make for presentation in

the old country.”



Maud Barrington noticed the ab-

sence of any attempt at explanation,

and having considerable pride of her

own, was sensible of a faint approval.

You are making slow progress,” she

said, with a slight but perceptible dif-

ference in her tone. “Now, you can

have eaten nothing since breakfast.”



(Continued next week).





WORDS OF WISDOM.





There are more fools and fewer‘





hypocrites than the wise world dreams

of.—Schriener.





Originality is simply a fresh pair of.





eyes—Higgins.



The way to be satisfied with the

present state -of things is to enjoy

that state of things.—Bagehot.





ASK YOUR TEACHER

to use the story of “Jimmy Jingle and

the Plant Fairies,” which will be

found in next week’s issue of the

Michigan Farmer, in place of your

regular reading lesson.





 





 





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THE MICHIGAN. FA-RMER





 

 





 





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Nov. 14. .1914. i





 





;“ ’L I





The Domestic Crucible—I





Wherein Grace Discovers There IS Time for Romance.

By ALTA LAWSON LITTELL,





ND .we’ll always remember our

first breakfast in our own home,

won’t we, John?” Grace Ludlow



said happily. A brisk May breeze

blew the sash curtains back from the

kitchen window, beneath which the ta-

ble stood, and the odor of peach blos-

soms drifted in and mingled with the

faint aroma of mufl‘ins, honey, fried

chicken and coffee.





“.‘Huh? Why, yes, of course,” said

John, coming back with a mental jerk

from planting the south field with al-

falfa, to the fact that he was still sit-

ting opposite his bride in their cosy

kitchen at their first meal alone to—

gether. “I suppose we will,” he fin-

ished contritely. “Anyway, I’ll remem-

ber if you’ll tell me what We had.

Honest, Grace, I don’t know what I’ve

been eating.”



“Why, John Ludlow, how provok-

ing,” Grace began, with a pout. “Here

I spent hours thinking it up and plan-

ning to have everything so nice the

very first meal, and now when you’re

not even through with your coffee

you’ve already forgotten all about it.”



“Well, not exactly forgotten,” John

began lamely. “The truth is,” he fin-

ished briskly, “it was all so good and

cooked so fine that I didn’t even know

what I was eating.”



“Well, then, I shan’t tell you,” said

Grace. “That’s a very pretty way

you took to get out of it, but I know

by the way you jumped when I spoke

to you, you weren’t thinking about the

breakfast or me, either. I don’t be-

lieve men have a bit of sentiment.

Mother always said to feed them well

and that was all they asked, and I

think she was right.”



“Oh, I don’t know,” said John. “The

last housekeeper I had was a good

cook, but I always knew what we had

to eat. “Wasn’t it sentiment that led

me to choose a wife who can make

me forget what I’m eating?”





“That’s a very nice way to get

around it,” said Grace, laughing and

coming around to pull John’s ears and

brush his bushy hair back from his

face. “But confess, now, that you

didn’t know what we had because you

were thinking about something else.

Your eyes were away off outdoors all

the time, and you never said a thing

except to answer my. questions.”



“If this is ‘the truth, the whole

truth and nothing but the truth,’ I

might as well own up,” said John,

kissing the flushed, half-pouting face.

“I was planning one week’s work to

be done before 12 o’clock today, when

I shall come in to eat another of your

mystifying meals. But don’t you see,”

as Grace’s face clouded, “If I wasn’t

planning my work you- wouldn’t have

anything to cook? Wouldn’t you rath-





er have me forget sentiment and bring-





in the grub than spend so much time

mooning that I never got in any

crops? Sentiment is all right in its





place, but, believe me, it’s place isn’t'





in a farmhouse kitchen at 5:30 a. m.

on a bright May morning.”



And with this bit of twentieth-cen-

tury love-making, John kissed Grace

in quite a‘business-like fashion, caught

up his hat from a book by the door





and hurried away to the barn, Whist-





ling, “I Love a Lassie.”

Left to herself Grace bit her lip,

dabbed her blue eyes with her ker-





chief, sniffed once or twice and then

laughed.



“And I spent three months planning

just what I’d have the first morning,”

she announced to the pink-sprigged

china, about all that was left on the

breakfast table. “I might as well have

given him bread and butter, greasy

potatoes and sinkers. I wonder if men

are all alike?”





Other articles of this human inter-

est series, which constitutes one of

our 52 special features for the year,

will appear in subsequent issues.





MICHIGAN’S HAPPY BABIES.

No. 2.





 





BY ALTA L. LITTELL.



The number of American babies

Who are artificially fed is lamentably

large, and the causes for this condi-

tion of things are varied. Disinclina-

tion on the part of some few mothers

to do their duty by their babies is un-

doubtedly the reason’in some cases,

but I am inclined to think the per-

centage of such mothers is few. When

one considers the dangers that ac-

company bottle feeding, the all-too fre-

quent cases where the search for just

the right food is not successful until

the infant is almost at death’s door,

and the many cases where the baby

actually starves to death, I can not

believe that the great mass of Ameri-

can mothers have bottle-fed babies

from choice. Necessity is the cause

in the majority of cases.



Just why American women are fail-

ing in this respect no one can say pos-

itively. Some physicians say that the

daughters of drinking fathers are un-

able to nurse their children. Others

blame the artificial life the modern

woman leads, and it is certain the

continual mental strain affects the

milk supply, so that our strenuous

chase after pleasure or the necessity

of keeping up with our work may have

its effect. Worry, insufficient food,

lack of proper exercise, all take their

toll, and in all too many homes baby

must be bottle fed.



So far, cow’s milk has been found

to be the only successful substitute

for mother’s milk. There are many

patented baby foods on the market

which are useful in their place, but

nearly everyone of these must be com-

bined with cow’s milk before it can

be used. Further, practically every

one is principally starch in some form,

or at least contains starch, which the

very young child is not able to digest,

or at most can take only in the tiniest

quantities. So that these prepared

foods, while fulfilling a wantif used

wisely, are not in most cases, a satis-

factory substitute for milk. If they

are used at all, instead of starting





with the quantities prescribed on the





package, the mother should start with

not more than a level teaspoonful to

the whole day’s food, and omit this

the second day while she watches the

efiect on the child’s stomach and bow-

els. If there is a great deal of gas or

the bowels are affeéted, it is a good

sign that the food does not agree with

the child.’ If the digestion goes on as

usual and the bowels are all right, the

food pmay be repeated the third day,

and on the fourth another half tea-

spoon added. Watch the effect of this

increase as before, and on alternate

days increase the amount a half a





At Home Land Elsew ere





 

 





 





level teaspoonful until the child is

Itaking all he can digest with comfort

to himself. If, after any increase the

child raises a great deal of gas or the

bowels are affected, drop the last in-

crease and keep on with the old

amount for three or four weeks.



In my own case I nearly killed my

first child by giving a patented food

exactly as directed. The package pre-

scribed six 'teaspoonfuls for a. child

his age. As he was then but six

weeks old, six teaspoonsful of starch

was far too much, and his stomach

was so badly damaged by the over-

dose, that it was three years before

he really got over the effect.



Cow’s milk is the safest food, then,

in the great majority of cases. But

as cow’s milk differs materially in.

composition and character from moth-

ers’ milk, it must be modified to make

it suitable for the child’s stomach. Ev-

en then it can not be made a perfect

substitute, for while the percentage

of fat is about the same in both cases

the fat in cow’s milk contain fatty

acids which makes the character dif-

ferent from that in mothers’ milk,

while the proteids are much more dif-

ficult of digestion. The milk must,

therefore, be modified to make it suit-

able for infant digestion. If modified

properly, with due regard for the ef-

fect on each particular infant there is

little chance for it to fail.



The mother must remember, how-

ever, that there can be no hard and

fast rule for every child. ‘All that the

doctor can do_is to prescribe a gen-

eral rule, which the mother or nurse

must change to suit her own child.

This is easily done by any intelligent

woman who is willing to give her best

thought to the case. The modification

is simple enough, consisting in the ad-

dition or dropping of fixed amounts of

cream, sugar, an alkali, and perhaps

starch, each change to be determined

solely by the condition of the child

and the effect of a certain proportion

of food elements on his digestive or-

gans.





LETTER BOX.





 





Defends the Pantry.



Household Editor:——In a. recent is-

sue you speak of the pantry as an

“evil invention, designed to make

more work for women.” Now, I would

like to say a few words in its defense,

for it does serve a good purpose

sometimes. I am not in that “rut”

you speak of, either, for I have lived

in two houses with pantries and two

without. If I could have a good, well

ventilated kitchen, a good clean, cel-

lar of easy access or with dumb wait-

er, I would not care for the pantry.

But while waiting for these condi-

tions, I find the pantry has a. use.



One house we lived in had no cel-

lar. The cellar We have now is unfit

to keep food in, and is unhandy and

even dangerous to get to. We find

the pantry a much cooler place to

keep the food, milk, butter, etc, in,

than the kitchen, for even the oil

stove gives out considerable heat. In

summer the pantry is also a good

place to wash dishes in.



I wonder why nearly all household

writers, like you, advocate the “small,

compact kitchen, so arranged that the

worker can stand in one spot and

reach, table, stove, cupboard, or at

best, walk only two or three feet?”



Can it be that I am “queer,” or is

everybody “queer” but me? 'I am

rather heavy, and one of the most





tiresome things I can do is to stand

still for any great length of time.
:-4~ 1 1.1





Nevin: 191T. ”





 





This stove is just what every-

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Eclipse Stove Company

Mansfield. Olllo





 





 





 





 





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EVERY WEEKNO'M being earned easily by many of

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Clean high class business. Your entire time. or just evenings,

demonstrating and taking wders hr the

COLEMAN AIM-LITE

7 —A beautiful. portable lamp. Makes and burns

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THE GOLEIAN LAIP 00.

l 008 Summit 81.. Toledo. Ohio

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Wehnbodlhoysmnnd on 3-111: 1

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1 is too close for me.





.4 fl





THE MICHIGAN ’FARMER





Walking back and forth some is far





better for me.



By this, I do not mean that I like

things unhandy, or that I like to walk

across the room with every dish I

wipe.



The very small kitchen is a nui-

sance where there are two women at.





-work, each getting in the other's way.

;My husband and children help by car--

rying water, wood. etc, and need to

‘be going through the kitchen a great

Fdeal. The children like to come in‘





and see the cooking and baking done.





'Why shouldn't there be a little space

'where they can stay and learn how,

.and not have to be scolded out? If

.the husband wants to take his paper





into the kitchen and read his wife the





lmost interesting parts, why shouldn’t

j he have a place?





As for the stove, two or three feet

The heat tires

one far worse than walking. If a





range is used in summer it should be‘





so placed that a breeze will take the





heat away from the worker, and out

'a door or window. _

I agree with you that something

' should be done to save women the

. work of carrying water in and out of





the house. It is one of the hard things

of housework.

The kitchen closet, where such





» things as clothes, clothes basket, 410n-





ing board. etc., can be kept, is indis-

pensible.

Uncooked Relish.



One peck of ripe tomatoes chopped

fine and drained over night. In the

morning add to this six onions, two

bunches of celery, one red sweet pep-





salt, two tablespoons of white mus-





tard seed, and one tablespoon of ~cin-_





named—Mrs. C.. W.





recipe. Thank you for your kind

words—Ed.





FASHIONS BY MAY MANTON.





 





eral pages to embroidery designs, will





ten cents.





 





 





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in sizes 16 and 18 years. Size 16

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cu.ffs

No. flaw—Girls" One-piece Dress.





vCuts in sizes 6 to 10 years. Size 8

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No. 8274 a—Girls’ Dress. Cubs in

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to any address by the Fashion Depart-

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lithium-[mm





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celpt of ten cents each.





per, chopped, one pint vinegar, two'

pounds of brown sugar, half cup of'





Our large Fashion Book, containing.

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~ PA‘r. APP- FOR.





 

 





 





. “/

. [I , would choose

' / M ° °

a _ aJestlc—

if fie did the cooking; because he is used

to labor-saving tools for his work and





knows that it is economy to get the best.





He could tell that Majestic malleable iron

and charcoal iron will outlastordinnry range

metals three to one. He Would know that

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eeefiiat me construction of firebox curved-

top. braced oven. circulation system and us-





Great

Majestic





Malleahle and Charcoal iron

Range





   





bestos lining, all show theta Majestic is built

todo its work right always: to bake evenly

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He would not hesitate to pay the little more

asked for a Majestic. because he'd know that

the saving in fuel and repairs. and its far

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[The 15 gallon allcopp‘cr rcservoirheats water

quicklv as a kettle on stove top. Reservoirs

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Get him to go with you to a Majestic Dealer

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how much work a Majesticwill save you. If

you don’t know the Majestic dealer near you,

re is one in every county of to

States. Write today for‘ Range Compari-

son" explaining Majestic ranges fully. ‘

Wm,“ POM





“mum“. WC W2. Co” Dept. 21 St. Louis, Mo.

mum's-momma: (0" W—m ”‘93 “Nd 3139‘: will. or without 1:8"





 





 





 





 





I have been unable to find the salad 5





'be sent to any address on receipt of '





 





Tom Profit Carves





 





 

 

 

 





Well, Thanksgivin's ’most here, an’ there's a sixteen-

pound tom turkey penned up in th‘ old wagon house,

a gettin' plumb corpulent. I 'low I’ll do some plain an'

fancy carvin' with that boy sizzlin' hot an' bustin' with

onion stufiin'. I'm a lookin' for'ard to it some—but

, there'll be no trouble with such weepons as one of them





my (agrm 4





an‘ it won’t take long to get that bird into circ ‘lation. Le's

see! This is the tenth Thanksgivin' turkey for that carvin'

set an' nine Chris‘ mases and the Sunday dinners it' s carved

are some numerous—but she still sticks. Thet' 3 why I 111 so

partial to the Keen Kutter trade mark a' bein' on my cutlery

an' tools. It means quality, all right. An' the dealer's

authorized to give back the money paid for any piece of

Keen Kutter goods thet dou’ 1' stick.





 

 





Kalle and Pork from not of six Knives

and Forks. No. [1900. Price 85.50 Inst.





 





 





 





 





DON’T PAY TWO PRICES





HOUSIER iéi'EfJREE ,





To try in your own home for 30 days. Show your friends. Freight

paid by “.391“th At our expense it you do Mutant a)

keep it. You can buy the best at Actual Factory

Prices. Are heavily nude, ofthehighest gredeneleoted

* material, beautifully finished. with improvements thni

absolutely surpass anymiugcvcr Mood . The Be;

in the World. Guaranteed for ymrs by a Two Million





 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





m Bend. won-tier where u live, you can try.

HOBBIEB. in your own home thirty days,

without a mlpenny’s expense or obligation to

fim save enough on a single

OOBIER“ STOVE‘ to bu your“. winter'-

W angina” Replace





Free “to! 3 ud "4011.10.12?“ m

neat to eelce'et 1:01 No Obligations. / rt-





HOOSIER STOVE COMPANY,

131 State Street. - 1111111011. 11111. ’





 

 

 





 





 





When 'Writing to advertisers

you saw their ad. in The





lease state that

ichigan Farmer.





 





 





 





«I

‘.

1'

l

1
436—16





tell





Farm Co





Q





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER'





lllllllllllIlllIIIlllI|||||IlllI|IlllIIllIIlllllIllIlllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllIllll||llllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllIll||lllllllllll|llll|llllIIlllllllllllll|Illl||||Ill|llllll||||llllllllll|llllIlllllllIlll|I|llIlllllllllllllllllllllllfl





mmerce.





llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





glllllll||IIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllIllllI|II|IIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllll|IllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllll|Illlllllllllllllllllllllll|lIlllllllllllllllllllllllflg





Some Dairy Marketing Problems.





 





ROFESSOR WELLS who is as-



sisting in the Bureau of Markets



in Washington has undertaken

a study of the different methods of

butter marketing. His investigations

were nearly all of them made in Min-

nesota and he consented to give the

gist of his findings to butter produc-

ers at the National Dairy Show. This

was not a muckraking investigation

and each man was given his due. The

aim of the Bureau of Markets is to

find out if the price paid by the con-

sumer can be made lower by cutting

corners. Professor Wells made some

points that are often lost sight of

when agitating this subject and prob-

ably all' Michigan Farmer readers will

feel an interest in his remarks on

that occasion.

Farm Products Sold on Smaller Mar-



gins than Manufactured Articles.



When we take into account the fact

that the sewing machine that retails

for $40 cost the manufacturer less

than $10; that the $90 typewriter cost

the manufacturer less than $20, and

that the suit of clothes that I paid $25

for day before yesterday really cost

the manufacturer less than $15, the

truth of the above statement becomes

apparent. We see in these cases that

the manufacturer receives less than

25 per cent of the retail price of the

commodity and there are few farm

products where the producer does not

receive more than 25 per cent of the

retail price.



A point that is often argued is that

the spread of prices between the pro-

ducer and the consumer depends upon

the number of middlemen engaged in

handling and rehandling the article.

This is untrue and examples may be

given. Take, for instance, the man

who sells canned goods/Now he could

make his own labels but this would

necessitate costly lithograph plates,

the cost of which, added to the print-

ing charge, would have to be ad-

ded onto the retail price of the arti-

cle. This would make the price high-

er than where another middleman is

introduced to make the labels and

take his profit out of that operation.

As a matter of fact, few manufactur-

ing plants make every part of the pro-

duct they offer to the public.



Spread Varies with the Commodity.



There is prevalent a notion that the

spread between the different articles

produced on the farm and the prices

paid by the consumers, is nearly the

same on all products. This is not the

case. Professor \Vells made exten-

sive investigations in Minnesota and

he found that' of the retail prices, the

farmer receives 77 per cent when but-

ter is sold, 69 per cent when eggs are

sold, 55 per cent when potatoes are

marketed, 45 per cent of the retail

poultry receipts and 37% per cent of

the retail prices paid for milk. This

relation was true between the whole-

sale prices paid to Minnesota farmers

and the retail prices charged for the

commodities in St. Paul. This does

not mean that the middlemen in the

milk business are getting any more

money than those in the butter busi-

ness. It means any one of several

things. The spread between produc-

ers’ and consumers’ prices are due to

the following natural forces:



1. Perishability and cost of cold

storage.



'2. Shrinkage in transporting and

storing.



3. Irregularity of product through-

out the year.



4. Possibility of grading into defi-

nite classes. .



5. Volume of handling.



6. Bulkand its intrinsic value.





We see that butter has a very large

intrinsic value tied up in small bulk

and for this reason, a larger per cent

of the retail price goes to the produc-

er. On the other hand, potatoes are

very bulky compared with their in-

trinsic value and are subject to all

manner of losses, such as disease,

shrinkage and impossibility of grad-

ing. These risks must be paid for

by the larger amount'of the produc-

ers’ money retained by the dealer.



Different Markets for Butter.





The local creamery is slowly but

surely taking the place of the farm





rangement one creamery advertises

that they get one cent above New

York prices while the other one ad-

mits that it gets a cent below New

York, prices. This results in the high-

er-rate creamery bidding for the trade

and thus crowding out the other plant.

Unless one knows some of the‘circum-

stances surrounding the making of the

price, the advertisement of prices re-

ceived means nothing at all. These

advertisements do not tell whether

the price quoted is net or wholesale,

so the use of the five per cent com-

mission basis is to be discouraged.

How New York Prices Are Fixed.





Mr. Earner is a New York market

reporter and in the discussion which

followed Professor Wells’ paper, he

brought some interesting points re-

garding the setting of butter prices.



According to Mr. Earner, the prices

depend upon the offerings made and

the prices that the dealers are willing

to pay for their supplies. Because dif-





 





 





The Higher Cost of Marketing Milk Makes it Necessary to Look to Better

Cows and Cheaper Feeds to Increase Profits.





butter making establishment, largely

due to the fact that creamery butter

is more uniform as to grade and con-

sumer’s feel more safe in buying it.

Minnesota has over 800 creameries

and of these, better than 600 are own-

ed co-operatively by farmers. It has

been found that the weakest link in

the local creamery management is the





getting of the cream from the farm'





to the creamery. It is here that a

great deal of the trouble arises. No

means of refrigeration are adopted for

the traflic enroute and the milk be-

comes heated and of inferior value.

Methods of Marketing Butter.





There are two methods of market-

ing butter largely used by those who

have the work in charge. One is the

commission basis and the other the

true sales basis. About one-third of

the Minnesota sellers are still using

the commission method of marketing

butter. It may not always fool those

who are managing the creamery but

it fools the producers. For instance,

the creamery men may advertise that

they are getting one cent over New

York prices and if the New York

price is 29 cents, then they advertise

that they receive 30 cents. Let us

analyze the situation and see what it

really means. It means the old story

of that five per cent commission. The

New York b'roker buys the butter for

30 cents less a five per cent commis-

sion, which means that he pays 28%

cents for it minus the freight and

cartage. The broker can turn around

and sell this butter for 29 cents and

still make a fair profit while the

creamery folks really receive a cent

under New York prices instead of one

over them. In this case, the broker

has really bought the butter.



When butter is sold on the consign-

ment basis, say that the creamery

really gets New York prices, or 29

cents. The broker charges his brok-

erage and this, together with the





freight and cartage deducted, ,will.





make the net price‘around 28 cents.»

In reality both are getting. the same





‘_ price and'yet on account of .this__ar-





t





 





ferent grades of butter are not always

on the market two succeeding days,

the state of the market is an uncer-

tain thing. \Vhen shipments come in,

they are inspected and graded accord-

ing to the judgment of the inspector.

Perhaps the following day the same





:fi'





Nov. 14. 1914.‘





class of butter will not be on the

market and bids will be for a different

grade. Due to these different influ-

ences, the making of, the prices for

butter is a complicated system.





Some Points on Cheese Marketing. l

Mr. Chaplin is one of the factory

men on the famous Plymouth cheese .‘

board of trade, and he gave some in- .

teresting information as to how the?

prices on cheese are made. He stat-

ed that since 1873, the method of bid-

ding for cheeses has been in vogue in

Wisconsin, having first been started

at Cheboygan Falls, Wisconsin. In,

the board of trade chamber is a black- ‘

board and on this all the factory

men’s names are placed. When the

board, meets to fix the prices of

cheese, each man’s name is called off .

and after it on the blackboard is '

placed the amount of cheese which he

has for sale. The buyers and brokers

are not members of the board of trade

but after a buyer’s standing has once

been looked up, he is given buyers’

privileges and can bid on the board

of trade. Now, the Plymouth prices

on cheddar cheese are made on the

bids of these various buyers against

each other. They will pay all they

can pay. The cheeses sold are of a.

variety of grades but all are good in





season. If any cheese is seriously

bad, a committee of the board of

trade investigates this and makes‘





what disposition it may of the poor

cheese. Where this competition is

not manipulated, it makes an

way of establishing price.



A 20-pound cheese is often retailed

at a loss of one pound, due to the

evaporation which takes place on the

grocery counter. A cheese which con-

tains 38 per cent of moisture is too

dry to make good eating, one contain-

ing around 41 per cent of moisture is

far more palatable. Of course, we can

readily see that when any article con-

taining such a high percentage is kept'

for any length of time that there will

be a great loss, due to water evapora-

tion. This makes necessary the charg-

ing- of a higher price by the grocery-;

man than the wholesale price would

seem to warrant.



Ingham Co.





I. J. MATHEWS.





lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllflllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllIlllllll||||l|ll||llllllll|||||ll|l|ll|llllllllllllllll||llllllllllIll]llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





Reaching Customers by ParcellPost





IRECT marketing offers a solu-



tion to the great problem of



selling that confronts many

small general farmers. To make this

problem a particularly difiicult one,

many of these small farmers live in

isolated districts, often many miles

from the market. The team required

to draw the products to the city is an

expensive item and the time required

to attend to this personally is even

more expensive. No farmer feels like

intrusting the selling end of the bus-

iness to the hired man, but if the city

is ten, fifteen or twenty miles distant,

this must be done or the owner’s time

will largely be taken up on the road.

With some, the auto truck has solved

the problem but such an arrangement

is quite beyond the means of the

small farmer. The parcel post is now

being used to advantage by many.



A truck grower in one of the east-

ern states has a small farm at the ex-

treme end of a telephone line con-

nected with the city exchange. He

was not a truck grower until he saw

possibilities in the parcel post, av-

ing eked out a precarious existe ce

by the farming methods usually in

vogue in hill towns. The telephone

gave him an idea, with the result that

he called up some of the leading bus-

iness men, lawyers, doctors, etc., of

the city, and explained the details of

his parcel post plan. Results far ex-

ceeded his expectations and he soon

had a string of customers amply able

to take all his farm was capable of

furnishing. .



. .The.city housekeeper simply called





tip the house Of Mr.‘ Aaand' ordered





whatever she wished, and the post-





‘b‘. ,‘





man delivered it in the afternoon. The

plan was kept up as long as anything

green remained in the garden and

now stored vegetables and eggs are

being delivered in the same way. Par-

cel post rates are very low in the 10-

cal zone and in this case a rural mail

delivery route from the city passed

the door. It is but the work of a few

minutes to gather from the garden,

prepare and ship a small box of vege-

tables such as one family would re-

quire.



Mr. A. plans to have lettuce prac-

tically the year around and this crop

readily lends itself to parcel post

transportation as it is very light, and

the postage is very small. The ques-

tion of cost, however, enters very lit-

tle into this farmer’s business. It is

an easy matter to get enough above

the average retail price to cover the

cost for postage and packing. Boxes

of corrugated paper are used. They

are light, cost little, and are strong

and durable. All kinds of vegetables

have been shipped, and fruit to a less-

er extent. Small fruits and berries

have been tried experimentally and it

is expected that this end of the busi-

ness will be extended as new settings

of plants come into hearing.



The fact that this man is so situat-

ed that the telephone plays a. consid-

erable part in the business has, of

course, contributed a good deal to his

success. There are many others lo-‘

cated equally as well. Where the

packages can be mailed in the fore-i

noon and be delivered to the custom-.

ers in the afternoon, conditions are,

ideal and almOst everything can be!

handled. Even dressed poultry and L





.3. ‘ . 43-.





ideal





 





 





Hag—u“ 0....-. .__.,- .F.
«are-Wu“:





a“ — ww‘. —_.._.__ .—





“‘-"~‘-‘ “WW" “'0"





Nov. 14, 1914.





butter could be sent to city customers

in cool weather. If it is necessary to





mail products in the afternoon, they .





will probably be delivered the follow-

ing morning in time for dinner. This

condition is all right for most garden

vegetables.



Another farmer in the same region

is developing a parcel post trade in

apples. He uses a strong box that

holds 27 apples. He sells the package

for fifty cents delivered at the door

of the customer. The cost of the box

is seven cents and the postage as far

away as the fifth zone is only sixteen

cents. This leaves him a cent apiece

for the apples, and he can realize that

on those he sends to New York City.

Delivered in nearer cities the postage

is a little less. A few small adver-

tisements in city papers has built up

this business. The object at first was

to use these parcel post orders in the

line of samples of the fruit and fol-

low up with requests for barrel or-

ders. In many cases this has result-

ed. One order from a locality has al-

most invariably brought Others.



In doing business by parcel post,

the farmer must send nothing but the

very highest grade of produce. It

must be absolutely fresh and must

present a neat appearance when op-





ened. If the product is no better than 9





can be had in the local market, the

customer will not buy but once or

twice. Having secured the custom-

ers, the quality of the goods does the

rest. In selecting customers, get

those of good standing, that there may

be no failure to respond when state-

ments are rendered. Substantial bus-

iness and professional men are best.

The average workingman will not

care to pay the higher price demand-

ed. There are numbers in every city

who are always looking.for quality

and are willing to pay for it. It is

such that the parcel post farmer must

look to for his parcel post customers.





N. H. CHAS. H. CHESLEY.

ll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll

Crop and Market Notes.





 





Michigan.



Wexford 00., Nov. 3.——Corn is a

good crop, but not much husked yet.

Potatoes averaged 100 bushels per

acre and are selling for 250; many po-

tatoes are being stored. Beans are of

medium quality but poor yield, sell

for $1.75. Wheat .is looking fine, also

rye. Most of this year’s crop of rye

has been sold. Oats were a good crop

and are being marketed freely. Mead-

ows look good and new seeding is

fine. A great deal of alfalfa is grown

in this county, and shows a good

growth this fall. There are quite a

lot of hogs but not many cattle. There





is plenty of feed on hand for all stock. ’





The season has been generally favor-

able. Wheat 85c; oats 45c; rye 70c;

corn 60c; buckwheat $1.45 per cwt;

hogs, dressed $9; cattle $4@5: butter

240; eggs 22c; butter-fat 260; cab-

bage 2@4c per lb; hay. loose $10;

baled $12; straw, baled $7.



'lsabella 00., Nov. 2.—Farmers are

busy harvesting potatoes and sugar

beets, and husking corn. The fall has

been excellent for doing work. A

large acreage of wheat was sown, and

is looking good since the rain. Bean

threshing is nearly done and the yield

fair. Hay is being marketed quite

freely at $10@11; white beans $2; red

beans $2.50; wheat 96@98c; oats 40c;

beef $6@6.50; pork $8; veal $8@9:

butter 270; eggs 23c; potatoes 350;

chickens, live 9c. .



Hillsdale 00., Nov. 3.—-Corn husking

is well under way, and except where

dry weather prevailed the crop 1s

good. Potatoes are harvested, and are

the heaviest crop in several years. A

great deal of buckwheat was grown

this year. Growers of cabbage have

realized large returns from the ‘crop.

Beans are only a fair crop, and farm-

ers had difficulty harvesting them, ow-

ing to unfavorable weather. Wheat,

rye, clover and alfalfa are looking

fine. Farmers have plenty of stock,

also feed, as late pastures have been

good. But little grain except buck-

wheat being marketed. Hogs and poul-

try are being sold in considerable

numbers. Butter 270; eggs 24c: wheat

$1.05; oats 44c; rye 83c; buckwheat

$1.40 per cwt; clover seed $8; pota-

toes 25 30c; butcher heifers and

steers 5@6; veal $6@9; yorkerg

$6.75; chickens 9@10c; turkeys 13c;

geese 6@9c; ducks 10c.



New York.



Columbia . 60., Nov. 4.——Corn and

beans are a good crop. .Nc wheat is

grown here, Meadows poor. Potatoes





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMVER





good. Not much grain for sale. Only

stock kept is milch cows. Potatoes

$1.50 per bbl; eggs 40c; butter 380.

Pennsylvania.



Lancaster '00., Oct. 31.—Corn yield

averaged 50 bushels; potatoes about

75 bushels per acre. Beans a good

crop, though all did not reach matu-

rity on account of drouth. Very little

clover seed. More wheat is being

sown than usual, but no rye'raised.

There is the usual number of live

stock and all are in good condition.

Wheat $1@1.05; hogs $10; fat cattle

$8; good cows $60@100; eggs 320;

butter 300.



Crawford 60., Oct. 30.—Corn, pota-

toes. and apples are bumper crops.

Clover seed and beans hurt by dry

spell. Live stock scarce and high.

Wheat $1.05; potatoes 40c: winter ap-

ples 35c; onions 750; eggs 28c; but-





‘ter 300





Tioga 60., Nov. 2.———0ctober was fav-

orable for farm work. Only a limited

acreage of wheat and rye sown. Pas-

tures are good and- all kinds of stock

in good condition. Apple' cr0p good;

potatoes good. Farmers are baling

hay and marketing it at $12 per ton.

Butter 320; eggs 320; buckwheat $1.65

per cwt; rye $1 per bu; apples 50c

per bu; potatoesélf0@50c.



o





I .



Clermont 00., Nov. 3.—Farmers are

shucking corn and preparing to shred

fodder. Fall grains are looking fine

and about the usual acreage sown.

Hogs are being fattened for market,

and many farmers are ready to ship.

waiting, a rise in price. Eggs 25c:

butter 25c; chickens 8@10c; calves





0.

Highland 60., Nov. 4.——Corn averag-

ing 25 to 30 bushels per acre, and is

selling at 600. Potatoe crop is very

light; clover seed half a crop. Bean

crop light. About the usual amount

of wheat and rye sown. Small hogs

plentiful; feeding cattle scarce. Cat-

tle $5@7; winter apples 800 per bush-

el: butter 25c; eggs 27c; hay $15:

straw $6; potatoes 750 per bushel;

hens 10@llc; wheat $1.01.



Holmes 00., Nov. 3.-——Weather is

fair and dry for fall work. Labor is

scarce, but wages good. Corn averag-

ing half a crop, the season was too

dry for the hills. Wheat looks fine;

pastures affected by the dry summer.

Farmers are not selling stock or grain

very freely, expecting better prices

later on. Early planted potatoes light

yield, but late ones are very good.

Wheat $1.09; corn 750; oats 40c; clo-

ver seed $8; hay $13; potatoes 50c:

winter apples 500 per bushel; butter

260; eggs 280.



Sandusky 60., Oct. 29,—Fine weath-

er has favored fall work. Corn is a

good yield of good quality, and corn

husking is being pushed. Wheat is

fine, and a large acreage sown. Not

much rye sown. Potatoesare a good

crop and of good quality. Clover seed

yielded well and there was a good

acreage. Apples are being shipped in

from New York state. Cabbage is

good, and brings about $6 per ton.

There is plenty of pasture; not much

stock being fattened. New corn is

bringing 75c per cwt; potatoes 35c at

car; wheat $1.06; oats 45c; butter

280; eggs 28c; chickens 120. Farmers

are holding their hay. .



Indiana.



Wayne 60., Oct. 29.————The fall has

been fine with no frost until October

27. Corn is about ready to husk:

yield good and quality fair. The po-

tato crop is unusually good. Apples

are very scarce, but there was a good

crop of pears. About usual acreage

of wheat was sown and it is doing

fine. Pastures are good and stock is

in good condition. A large number of

hogs are being fattened, and cholera

is making its inroads in some locali-

ties. Hogs $7; wheat $1: old corn

70c; potatoes 600; butter 25c.



Wisconsin.



Pierce 60., Nov. 3.——Potatoes and

corn are yielding better than expect-

ed. Corn is being husked and shred-

ded. Meadows are still green and

new seeding is in fine condition for

winter. All winter grains give much

promise. Farmers have plenty of hay

and roughage. Plowing is finished in

best condition in years. Farmers are

marketing hogs, cattle, potatoes,

beets, surplus of poultry, and such

sheep as they do not wish to winter.



Waueahara 00., Nov. 2.—Potatoes

are yielding better than usual, but

prices are disappointing, 25@30c. be-

ing offered, so the greater part of the

crop is being held for higher prices.

Corn yields well. There is a good

crop of clever seed with price at

$10.80; eggs 210; butter 32c; veal $10

@1250; cheese market is dull at 14c

a pound.



Polk 00., Nov. 3.—Corn is averag-

ing 75 bushels, the late season being

favorable for maturing the crop. Feed-

ing has not commenced yet, as the

cattle have been on pasture through~

out the fall. Fall plowing and thresh-

ing about done. Clover seed is turn-

ing out from one to two bushels 'per

acre. Potatoes are selling for 25c,





andbuyers will take no red potatoes.





Farmers are holding most of their

Continued on page 438)-





 





17—437





 





 





.He's as strong as an ox—look at

his inner vest of tough implement

steel. and his outer shield which

serves also as his bell.



_He puts in a full 24-hour day

Without a grumble—and he'll go 36

hours at a. stretch without rewind-

ing.



He's been working steadily for

five years now and he's never worn

out. so far as is known.



Hitch him to your sleeping sched-

ule and see how much better the

whole farm runs.



. Big Ben stands 7 inches tall.

handsome. well balanced. broad

backed. honest looking.





His hands and numerals are big





 





 





Built Like a Good Bull .





Made in La Belle and

Peru. “1.. by Westclox





 





and black—easy to read on d a r k

mornings. He rings two ways—

five straight minutes. or every

other half minute for ten minutes.

as you prefer. You can shut him

oif in the middleof either ring if

you wish.



In fact. his makers think he's the

prize clock—the American People

certainly have pinned the blue rib-

bon on him. $2.50 is his price—a

pretty small price for a grand

champion.



He's on exhibit at your jeweler's.

If yours hasn't him. send a money

order for 2.50 to Westclox,LaSalle.

Illinois, and Big Ben comes prec

paid to any address in the United

States.





 





(241)





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 





sprln steel wire. Heav-

.. ily galvanize by our B. B. Spe-

cisl Analysis Treatment. Strong knots

hold wires firmly. No slipping—no sagging.

Over 100 styles for every use. Also lawn fence:

and ates. Buy direct from mill—buy from

31 ham. the new hood 0! steel India-Irv.

Write or catalogue. sample and prices.





E. Birmingham Iron Roofing?”





Fence Dept.5, minim-M.





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Michigan White Cedar





FENCE POSTS





GEORGE M. CHANDLER. Onaway. x1011.





 





Spark Plu s! Get Good Ones





For 52 we will moi you 4 high-class standard plugs,

guaranteed for one year. or for $2.10 by parcel st.

. 0. D. if preferred. J. and E. ANDREWdto30

East Alexandrina Avenue. Detroit. Michigan.





' —anvee & keen for cider, also in t

mm“! B'""‘ and lokel barrels for sale. Wrtiltle

Krell Brothers. 12th :2 ntolnette Sta. Detroit. Mich.





WANTED—BYE and mu MIXTURE

SEND SAMPLES FOB BID TO

YOUNG-RANDOLPH SEED 00., Owosso. Michigan.





FARMS Mill Flllll llllllS

Fllll SALE llll EXlllllllliE





Good Farms hound Lansin "3“ Es“ Lu“...

J. D. TOWAR. East Laglffiid‘ifi‘ifii’ié’fif‘”





 





 





 





 





 





new“ Oswazwrrssm. as

no 011 -0V0rp no 8n 0

Terms cash. JAY FINCH,mc::uand?ndn13?





MICHIGAN FARMING LANDS

Near sum“ and and cm. in Glodwln and Midland

Counties. Low prices: Eu terms: Clear title. Write



nso'rrmns





for maps and admission TAF’FELD ,

15 Merrill Bu ing. Sedimw. (W. 8.). Michigan.





- The State for Thrifty Farmers

Del tfnl. healthy climato.fiood

Len . Reasonable Prices. Close to





his markets of lame cities of the East Send for free





mm are. Wm





 





 





 





. Baltimore. Md! ,





Ban-y ‘ :0 The most profitable general

unty Pam's farming section in Mich.



We have real bargains. Write for list A.

BENHAM 8t TRIM, Hastings. Michigan.





DELAWARE FARMS





Fruit. live stock, alfalfa. Best land near best markets.

Address. State Board of Agriculture. Dover. Delaware,





FOR SALE—In whole or part, 320 acre

. ' southern Michigan farm.

Good son]. buildings and fences. Immediate possession.

0. S. SOHAIRER. 214 Dewey Ave.. Swissvale. Pa.





 





 





 





N account. of ill health will sell my 80 acre farm

situated 3% miles Southwest of Saranao. Mich.

B-room house, basement barn. tool house. hen house,

brooder, granarv and new silo, for further particulars

address. J. E. Middleton. B. No. 10. baranac, Mich.





 





166 Acres just on Owego limits. Retiring from



a business places this money-maker. stock

and tools within your reach; $2.500 worth of saw tim-

ber on stump. Nice Ill-room house. 'l'wo silos. filled;

40 Holstein cattle. 6 horses. wagons. tools. hay. groin.

Income over per month; not one cent to lay out:

income should be $400 per month all winter. Price of

all. 314.000. part cash. Write for photos and deeori -

tion. Hall a FarmBAgency. Owego. Tioxn 00.. N. .





Only $1000 Cash Required

165 Acres; 22 Cows, Horses; Tools





 





And the hay and crops also go to quick buyer of

this splendid biz fully equipped profit paying form.

if taken now. as 3 ed owner wants to retire before

winter: he has me 9 money and is willing to give

some younfer man with small capital 5 chance;

income beg ns the day you take hold: ideal location;

60 acres fields; spring-watered pasture for 25 cows;

45 acres wood: 2-etory, 14-ruom house. running spring

water: 60 ft. barn. cement floor, other buildings-

magic and ash shade; price [6000 for all. only 3

one . balance easy terms. Full detailF. location.

etc. page 1. “Strout’s Big New Bargain Sheet”,

Just out. Write to-dayq for your free copy. E. A.

STROU'I‘ FARM AGE CY. Station 101. Union Bank

Bldg, Pittsburgh. Pa.





RANCHES





In small or large tracts, ad-

apted for stock raising, alfalfa

growing, general farming, etc..

or for Colonization purposes if

desired~can be procured at

reasonable prices and on good

terms. Excellent opportunities

for money-making.



I will gladly send you complete

and authentic information.





R. A. SMITH,





Colonization and Industrial Agent, Union

ac c R. R. Co., Room . Union

Pacific Bldg. ‘





OMAHA, N EB.





 





 





 





Please mention the Mich. Farmer

when writing to advertisers





 





 





w- An . H-_—:~1_n-wm~m A... .. . .
THE MICHIGAN FA'RMER'





'0 NOV. 14, 1914.





 





438—18 ‘

EIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIllIlllIIIIlllIIIllII|III|I||Ill|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII"IllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIE

Markets.

E . E

EIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIII|IllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII





GRAINS AND SEEDS.





November 10, 1914.



Wheat.—The market has held close-

ly to the final figures of a week ago.

While receipts have been liberal, and

would have depressed the market in

ordinary seasons, the active buying of

foreigners has kept the trading firm

at the high basis on which business

is now being done. In England the

market on Monday was reported to be

advancing. Australia’s crop is disap-

pointing, which with the shortage in

the northern hemisphere places the

world market on a firm statistical has-

is. It is estimated that farmers and

local elevator men in the northwest

are holding only about one-half the

amount of wheat remaining in their

hands a year ago. In other sections

selling has also been liberal. The vis-

ible supply increased two million

bushels the past week. One year ago

No. 2 red wheat was quoted at 95%c

per bushel at Detroit. Quotations are





 





as follows:

- No. 2 No. 1



Red. White. Dec.

Wednesday . .1.14% 1.11% 1.17%

Thursday ...... 1.13 % 1.10% 1.16%

Friday ......... 1.13 % 1.10% 1.16%

Saturday . .1.14 1.11 1.17

Monday ........ 1.13% 1.10% 1.16%





Chicago, (Nov. 9).——No. 2 red

wheat $1.15%@$1.16%c; December,

$1.17; May $1.23%. ‘



Corn.—~This cereal has fared better

than wheat, present prices showing an

advance over last week’s figures. The

grain is in demand by foreigners and

there seems to be a fair home con-

sumption. The government crop re-

port indicates a crop of 2,705,000,000

bu., which is a slight increase over

the October estimate. The influence

of this favorable report did not reflect

in the market because dealers had al-

ready taken account of it, in fact, it

was believed that a larger increase

would be shown. New corn is already

moving in the southern districts of

the corn belt. One year ago No. 3

corn was quoted at 75c. Quotations

are as follows:



No.3 No.3





Mixed. Yellow.





Wednesday ......... 77 79

Thursday ........... 77 79

Friday .............. 77 79

Saturday ........... 77 79

Monday ............. 77 79

Tuesday ............ 77 79





Chicago, (Nov. 9).—No. 2 yellow

corn 78@79c; do. new 73@75c; Dec.,

69%c; May 72%0.



Oats—This grain has fOIIOWed corn

and is showing a fractional advance

in prices. Outside of the regular in-

fluences of supply and demand, frost

damage in Argentine and the loss of

a cargo of oats enroute to Liverpool

were factors of temporary help to the

bulls. The local demand is steady

With a fair volume of receipts. One

year ago standard oats were quoted at

42%c per bushel at Detroit. Quota—

tions are as follows:





No. 3

Standard. White.

Wednesday ......... 50 49 %

Thursday ........... 50 49 %

Friday .............. 50 49 %

Saturday ........... 50% 50

Monday ............ 50% 50

Tuesday ............ 50 49 %

Chicago, (Nov. 9) .——No. 3 white





48l§@49c; standard 49%@500; Dec.,

49%0; May 53%0.



Rye.—-This grain is firm at $1.01 for

No. 2, which is 60 higher than last

week.



Beans.——Trading is fairly active and

demand good. Detroit quotations are:

Immediate and November shipment

$2.25; December $2.30. Chicago.—~De-

mand is good for home consumption.

Pea beans, hand—picked, choice, are

quoted at $2.50@2.60; common at

$2.25@2.35: red kidneys, choice at

$3.25@3.50. .



Clover Seed.———Market lS firm and

higher. Prime spot quoted at $9.25;

December $9.35; March $9.55; pr/1me

alsike sells at $8.60.



Toledo.—Prime cash $9.25; Decem-

lsier $9.35; March $9.55; prime als1ke



8.60.





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





Flown—Jobbing lots in one-eighth

paper sacks are selling on the Detr01t

market per 196 lbs., as follows: Best

patent $6.20; second $5.80; straight

$5.35; spring patent $6.50; rye flour

$5.60 per bb .



Feed.—-In 100-lb. sacks, jobbing lots

are: Bran $24; standard middlings

$25; fine middlings $32; coarse corn

meal $32; corn and oat chop $28 per





ton.



Hay.—This trade is quiet and easy

at lower prices. Carlots on track at

Detroit are: New, No. 1 timothy $15

@1550; standard $14®14.50; No. 2,

$13@13.50; No. 3. $10@11.



Chicago.——Choice grades are in good





 





demand and firm, while common is

steady. Choice timothy $16.50@17.50;

No. 1, $15@16; No. 2, $12.50@13.

.Straw.—Rye straw is firm; other

kinds steady. Rye $7 .50@8; oat straw'

$7@7.50; wheat straw $7@7.50 a ton.





DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





 





'Butter.—Market is firm at prices 1c

higher than last week on all grades.

Extra creamery 32c; firsts 29c; dairy

210; .packing stock 200 per lb. '



Chicago—Market steady with pric-

es. unchanged. Supply is light and

prices are well maintained. Extra

creamery 32%c; extra firsts 30@31c;

firsts 27@29c; seconds 24@26c; pack-

ing- stock 21@21%c.



Elgin.——Sold at 32@33c. Exchange

will meet on Saturday hereafter.



Eggs.—Market firm with prices ad-

vanced 1c. Fresh stock sells at 28c

per dozen; current receipts 26%c.



Chicago.——A firm feeling exists at

prices slightly advanced over last

week. Fresh supply is light and stor-

age stock is being drawn on. Miscel-





ions 60@65; chickens $1@1.10 per

pair; celery 25c per large bunch; hay,

loose, moving slowly._ at $17@19 per

ton for timothy; eggs 40c per dozen.





DETRorF LIVE-ST—OCIIQUOTA-

TIO'NS.





 





. November 9, 1914.



During the quarantine 'of the local

stock yards stock can be shipped di-

rect to packing plant for immediate

slaughter only. Bill care of your com-

mission firm and to packer who is to

handle.- -



Following are the quotations of

prices published: Best heavy steers

$7.50@7.75; best handy weight butch-

er steers $7@7.25; mixed steers and

heifers $6.25@6.50; handy light butch-

ers $5.50@6.25; light butchers $5.25@

5.75; best cows $5.75@6.25; butcher

cows $5.25@5.50; common cows $4.75

@5; canners $3@4; best heavy bulls

$6.25@6.50; bologna bulls $5.75@6;

stock bulls $5@5.50.



Veal Calves.

Market steady. Best $8; others $5





laneous lots, cases included 18@27%c @650





per dozen; ordinary firsts 25@26c;

firsts 27@28c. »



Poultry.——Supply and demand both

weak, causing a decline in prices.

Springs 11%c; hens 10@11c; ducks

14@14%c; young ducks

geese 13%@14c; turkeys 18@19c.



Chicago.—All kinds except geese

have advanced slightly. Continuing

liberal receipts are having a weaken-

ing effect on the market. Quotations

on live are: Fowls 11%@120; spring

chickens 13c; ducks, good stock 14c;

guinea hens, per dozen $3.50; young

guinea hens $2@4; turkeys 180;

geese 12%@13%c per 1b.





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





Fruits.—Pears, Keiffers 50@600;

grapes 17@180 for blue, per 8-lb. bas-

ket





Chicago.——Pears, Keiffcrs $1.75@2

per bbl; quinces $2@3.75 per bbl, $1@

1.40 per bu; black grapes 8@19c per

8-lb. basket.



Vegetables.—-Home - grown cabbage,

75c@$1 per bbl; new beets 500 per

bu; tomatoes $1.25@1.30 per bu; on-

ions 70c per 100 lbs. in bulk.



Potatoes.——Michigan 33@38c per bu.

in bulk, 40@43c per bushel 1n

sacks; carlots $1.25@1.30 per sack;

at Chicago Michigan white, bulk, are

quoted at 35@45c per bushel.



Apples.——Supply is liberal_and de—

mand is fair. Average receipts 50@

750 per bu; $1.50@2.50 per bbl. _



Chicago—Fancy goods are in fair

sale and steady. Much of the barrel

stock is not choice and not wanted;

bulk stock being preferred” Snows.

\Vageners, Spies and Greenings are

in most demand. Baldwins $1.75@2;

Kings $2.25@2.50; VVageners $2@2.25;

Jonathans $3.50@4; Greenlngs $2@

2.25; Northern Spy $2.50@2.75; Snow

$2.25@2.75; bulk apples 30@70c per

100 lbs., according to quality. West-

ern box apples are selling for 800@

$1.50 per box.





WOOL.





Although traders find the market a

little slower than a fortnight agoz bus-

iness continues on a firm baSlS at

strong prices. Fleece wools are mov-

ing well with holders confidentially

expecting values to improve. English

and German buyers compel American

manufacturers to pay more for wools

than the latter would need to without

the competition. The embargo on Eng-

lish merino wools also benefits the

sellers. Sales at Boston last week

aggregated 4,000,000 pounds. MlChl-

gan unwashed delaine is quoted there

at 27@280; do. combing 23@29c; do.

clothing 22@26.





GRAND RAPIDS.





 





 





 





 





 





Fresh eggs are scarce and dealers

are offering 27@280 to the country

trade. Dairy butter remains at 22c.

Poultry has advanced from %@1c in

this market, due probably to the hoof

and mouth disease that is affecting

live stock in Michigan and other

states. Live fowls and chickens are

quoted at 10@11c.; ducks 12613140;

turkeys 16@17c. Pork is also firmer,

with dressed hogs at 9%@10c. The

potato market continues slow, with 35

@40c as the range on the Grand Rap-

ids market, and 20@25c outside. Not

much change is noted in apples. Grain

prices at the mills are: No. 2 red

wheat $1.04; rye 90c: buckwheat 720;

white pea beans $2; red kidneys

$2.25. It is between seasons for corn,

with very little new corn in the mar-

ket as yet, and selling at about 60c;

old corn 80c.





DETROIT EASTERN MARKET.





Large offerings and many buyers

made a fairly lively market Tuesday

morning with prices ruling about





 





steady. Apples of inferior'grades are-





most too plentiful and sell from, 40@

75c, with a few fancy Spies reaching

$1.25 per bushel. Potatoes are bold-

ing at 45c; cabbage 25c; cauliflower

60c; parsnips 50c; carrots 50@450; on-





14@14%c; 3





Sheep and Lambs.

Market steady; best lambs $7.50@8;

fair lambs $7@7.50; light to common

lambs $5.50@6.50; fair to good sheep

$42(gl4.50; culls and common $2.75@





Ho s.

Butcher grades $7.35; no market for

pigs; everything hereafter goes direct

to packers.





CHICAGO LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Cattle prices were unusually varia-

ble last week, the numerous quaran-

tine announcements placing buyers in

a position of doubt as to the next

move, with a final complete shutting

down of the stock yards and no stock

allowed to be brought in or shipped

out for a period of ten days beginning

Friday, November 6, at 5 p. m. Steers

sold during the week 'largely at a

range of $8@10.25, leaving out the

great numbers of thin steers on the

stocker and feeder order, these bring-

ing $4.50@7.50 largely. At other times

these light steers would have been

shipped to feeding districts, but the

yards were quarantined against ship-

ments of cattle from here, so that

they had to be sold to local killers

and converted into cheap beef. The

better class of corn-fed steers went

at $10@11, with a pretty good class

at $9.50 and over and medium steers

purchased at $8.75 and upward. Year-

lings of desirable quality sold at $9.50

@11, while butchering cows and heif-

ers found a good outlet at $5.30@9.75,

with cutters taken at $4.80@5.25, can-

ners at $3.60@4.75 and bulls at $4.75

@8. Milch cows were not traded in,

as the quarantine forbade any ship-

ments from here. Calves had a late

rise in prices that placed them at $5

@11 per 100 lbs. for rough heavy to

prime light vealers. During the latter

part of the week the general cattle

market was particularly active and

higher, buyers improving the opportu-

nni’ty to secure supplies as the time

for placing a close quarantine on the

yards drew near. The conditions ex-

isting were wholly unprecedented,

and' the federal and state authorities

realize the importance of stamping

out the foot and mouth disease by dis-

infecting the yards at once and

slaughtering all cattle that are infect-

ed or have been exposed to the dis-

ease. In accordance with instructions

from the authorities, all cattle, hogs

and sheep were sold before the close

of Friday, and all have been slaugh-

tered. Cattle receipts for the week

numbered 51,406 head, comparing with

48.566 the preceding week and 62,486

the same week last year. .



Hogs had some highly sensational

boosts in prices at at times last week,

with speculators taking a hand in the

game and lifting the best offerings 500

in a single day. Small packers were

especially eager buyers after the late

announcement of a complete quaran-

tine, and helped by their buying to lift

prime lots to $8.25. but the big pack-

ers held aloof, and speculators were

left with many hogs that could not be

sold anywhere near their first cost.

Recent receipts have averaged 225 lbs.

the lightest of the season, and choice

heavy hogs sold the highest. Hogs

sold on Friday at a range of $7.20@

7.85, comparing with $7.15@7.75 a

week- earlier, $7.20@7.95 a year ago,

$7.45@8.30 two years ago, $5.55@6.50

three years ago and $7.50@8.35 four

years ago. Pigs closed at $5@7.25,

according to weight and quality, the

heavier pigs going at the highest

prices. Stags sold at $7.60@8, sub-

ject to 80 lbs. dockage per head. At

the close butcher weights sold at top





 





, prices, with heavy hogs at a consider-





able discount. During the past week

127,313 hogs were received, comparing

with 127,923 a week earlier and 147,-

970 a year ago.



Sheep sold- at the highest prices

since July, last Week, with top for

yearlings at $8, While prime lambs

were boomed 'to $9.35, buyers rushing

to securetheir quotas after the an-

nouncement of a complete quarantine.





Everything with any quality - sold

briskly at high prices, even ewes go-

ing extraordinarily high, while feed-

ing lambs were all taken- for local

slaughtering. Only 114,181 sheep and

lambs were marketed last week, com-

pared with 156,183 the preceding week

and 196,159 the same week last year.

Closing prices stood as follows:

Lambs $6.50@9.35; yearlings $6@8;

wethers $5.75@6.40; ewes $3.75@6.35;

bucks $4@4.75. During the preceding

week the best price paid for lambs

was $8.20 and that was regarded as a

very high figure. A year ago the best

lambs brought $7.75 and best wethers

$5.25, while two years ago the top for

wethers was $4.50.



Horses were marketed last week in

very much larger numbers than a

week earlier or a year ago, and after

the early pressing buying orders were

filled, the market became slow and

weak. Army horses showed consider-

able animation during the first three

days, with mounts wanted at $100@

135 and artillery horses salable at

$150@175. Inferior animals were slow

sellers around $60@90, while the

choicer class of heavy drafters were

scarce and salable at $240@285. No

great number of horses sold above

$200, with chunks and wagoners sell-

ing mainly at $160@200 and good

light drafters at $215@235.





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





(Continued from page 437).

feed for higher prices. Wheat $1;

oats 36c; barley 50c; butter 35c; eggs

26c; poultry 100; hogs $6.60; beef $5.



Indiana.



Noble 00., Nov. 5.——Weather excel-

lent and farmers busy husking corn.

Potatoes are dug, large crop and of

good quality, bring 35@45c. There is

plenty of good pasture, which is for-

tunate on account'of the short hay

crop. Farmers are well supplied with

roughage, and will winter a good

many cattle and sheep. The foot and

mouth disease is holding back a good

deal of shipping stuff, on account of

not being able to market them. Corn

550; oats 420; hay $10; butter 300;

eggs 25c.



Coshocton Co., Nov. 6.——Early plant-

ed potatoes are poor, but late planted

are fine. Corn is below the average,

not much husked yet. There will be

a lot of lambs fed this winter; there

is a scarcity of cattle. There is more

than an average fall pig crop. Clover

seed is shelling well, and sells at

$9.50. There is a good bit of wheat

on hand, selling at $1.07. Hay $15,

but farmers are not marketing much.

Butter 22c; eggs 26c; potatoes 75c;

gpples 30@500 per bu; corn 65c; hogs

C





 





Missouri.



Phelps 00., Nov. 2.—Wheat is all

sown and a great deal of it is up and

looking fine. A great deal of rye is

sown; also grass seed has been sown

with both wheat and rye. Corn aver-

ages half a crop, but the recent rains

have washed a great deal of it away

in the lowlands, and some farmers

have been compelled to sell their stock

on this account. The first frost came

October 26. Apples are nearly all

gathered and sell on the trees as low

as 15c per bushel. A great many

horses are being sold for the Euro-

pean war. Stock looking fine. Chick-

ens 100; turkeys 110; ducks 80; but-

ter 20c; honey 150 per lb; eggs 200;

wool 180 per lb; onions 2c 1b; cab-

bage 20 lb; wheat $1.05.



Nebraska.



Hitchcock 00., Nov. 5.—We are hav-

ing beautiful weather for the time of

year, with an occasional rain. Farm-

ers are busy husking corn, which is of

good quality, though not a heavy

yield. Wheat looks good and a large

acreage sown. There is some hog

cholera. Apples being shipped in, sell

at 900@$1 per bushel. Potatoes 65c;

cabbage $1.15 per cwt; new corn 50c;

wheat 910 and much is being market-

ed; hogs $6.35



Kansas.



Nahama 00., Oct. 29,—Rains delayed

wheat sowing, but it is now all in. The

average acreage' of rye sown. Silos

are all filled and husking has com-

menced, yielding 15 to 25 70—lb. bush-

els per acre. the dry summer cut down

the yield. Alfalfa is a good crop and

cutting is finished. Potatoes a fair

crop; enough for home use. Onions

light; beans light; clover seed very

little threshed: apples a fair crop;

enough for home use. There is a very

good supply of fall pigs and calves

and a good supply of hogs and cattle

on band; also feeders, all free from

disease. Corn 750; wheat 95c; oats

45c; apples 75c per bu; eggs 19c; but-





ter 350; sweet potatoes 75c@$1; on- "





ions $1 bu; chickens 9c; fat cattle $5

@6; hogs $6.50@7.50.

Wisconsin.





Pierce 00., Oct. 29.——Everyone busy

in the corn field. Threshing is all

done here. The weather is moderate

and not much rain.

frost and tomato vines are all gone

and all’ Other vegetables. Corn seems

to be pretty fair. Hogs $6; butter 20c;

eggs 20c: cream 26c; apples $1.25.





Had a heavy,





 





h





‘1‘ A-.- ._... N.” um,»





-_._f.. L...
‘1»-





 





h





““"d‘ ‘u‘ ‘7‘ 1...... m, H...” ugh,“





 





NOV. 14» 19“.





os'rnolr crock. vases CLOSED.





 





There-will be no market this week.





Shippers can ship to packing plants.





of Detroitfrom counties not under

quarantine, but in order to do so they

must first notify the. packer so as to

avoid a blockade at the plants.



Shippers so desiring can make

these arrangements through their var-

ious commission firms who will han-

dle with the packers as usual.



Nothing can be shipped until quar-

antine is lifted otherwise.





 





JNTER NATIONAL CALLED OFF.





 





At a special meeting of the Direc-

tors of the International Live Stock

Exposition, held- November 6, to con-

sider the question of abandoning the

usual December Show, it was the

unanimous opinion of all present that

under the unfortunate conditions now

existing in'relation to the outbreak of

foot and mouth disease, that the ex-

hibition c'annotand should not be un-

dertaken, and formal action to that

effect was had.



It is not considered probable that

the various traffic restrictions now in

force will be removed in time to per-

mit of the shipment of animals pre-

pared for exhibition and, moreover,

much as the directors regret the neo-

essity for this action. they do not feel

that the association would be justified

in inviting large numbers of visitors

to the yards at a time when every ef-

fort is being put forth by all parties

concerned to uphold the hands of the

authorities in promptly quelling all

outbreaks of the infectious disease.



This action is all the more regret-

table at this time for the reason that

the show for 1914 was of particularly

brilliant promise, entries far ex

ing all previous exhibitions of this,

the world’s greatest show of well-bred

live stock.



By order of Directors of Interna—

tional Live Stock Exposition.





INDIANA CATTLE FEEDERS' CON-

VENTION CONCELED.





 





On account of the prevalence of the

foot and math disease in certain sec-

tions of the northern part of the state

and the uncertainty of the situation

in other sections due to the shipment

of cattle from central markets, the In-

diana Cattle Feeders’ Meeting at Laf-

ayette, which had been called tor No-

vember 20, will not be held.





OAKLAND COUNTY APPLE SHOW.





The Oakland County Horticultural

Society will hold an Apple Show at

Pontiac, on November 19-20-21. The

monthly meeting will be held on the

20th. Prof. Taft, of the M. A. C., will

judge the fruit.





 





LlVE STOCK NEWS.





Notwithstanding the recent partial

quarantine maintained by the Depart-

ment of Agriculture in the Chicago

stock yards, quite a large business

was transacted in cattle, hogs and

sheep, as Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas,

Minnesota, and other large stock rais-

ing states were not barred from ship-

ping their cattle to the Chicago mar-

ket for slaughter. Railways received

shipments of stock for Chicago for





 





slaughter from all states except India





ana, Michigan, Pennsylvania and Ohio

and, with the exception of the two

counties in which the foot and mouth

infection was found, Illinois stockmen

were allowed to send their fat stock

to the Chicago stock yards for imme-

diate slaughter. The work of the gov-

ernment inspectors in fumigating the

Chicago stock yards and pens of the

feeder stock sections in the yards

was rushed forward as fast as possi-

ble, the work being most thorough.

The federal inspectors have been in-

vestigating all sections suspected of

being infected, and a corps of 107 in-

spectors has been traveling in Michi-

gan, Indiana, lilinois, Ohio and Penn-

sylvania to locate new outbreaks. The

disease has broken out in the cattle

herd of Notre Dame University in In-

diana, and the entire herd of 300

blooded cattle were immediately

slaughtered ’



More than 1,000 horses were pur-

chased recently in Texas by the

French government for their army {m-

use in cavalry purposes, and further

large purchases will be made soon. It

is learned that the French and British

governments will spend more than $1?

“0,900 each for Ten: horses.



British oficers have been surveying

the horse raising portions of the west,

with the intention of ascertaining the





amber of cavalry m artillery hora-so solidatcd

”nibble. hook in elementary agriculture, of 106 you





. If the warm much long-



er, France and England will need a

great many more horses. - '

Charles Duel. who returned to cm-

cago recently from a trip to Ohio, rot





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





named serious ravages of hog cholera

in northern and northwestern parts of

that state. resulting in extensive mar-

keting of pigs and shoots. Sheep and

lambs are scarce therea‘bouts, and na-

tives off grass have been shipped to

market freely as a result of good

prices and dear feed. The supply of

western lambs and sheep on feed he'

found greatly below normal.



Colorado sheepmen are going into

lamb feeding this winter with great

freedom, as they see a sure opportu-

nity of coming out with liberal profits.

It is stated authoritatively that more

feeding will be carried on in that

state than for several years. Alfalfa

hay is plentiful and cheap, while feed-

er lambs have been purchased lower

in price than a year ago.



Shortly before the Chicago stock

yards were placed under quarantine

by the federal government, U. G. Mich-

ener, of Hamilton county, Ohio, gener—

ally known to the Indiana and Chi-

cago trade, bought in the Chicago

market 149 head of high-clues Here-

ford feeding steers that averaged 1105

lbs, at a cost of $7.80 per 100 lbs. Mr.

Michener has bought this class of

feeders on the Chicago market for the

past 14 years.



An order for fifteen million pounds

of canned meats for army use abroad

is being filled in Oklahoma City.

Large orders for dry salt pork have

been received there, and the demand

is greater than the present supply.





cook NOTICES.





“Louden Barn Plans” is the title of

a finely printed and profusely illus-

trated book of .96 pages. which is in-

valuable to every farmer who con-

templates building or remodeling his

barns at any future time. This book

contains plans and detailed drawings

for modern plank frame barns of var-

ious sizes adapted to the different

needs on the farm, also contains spec-

ifications for building floors and, in

fact, constructing every detail of up-

to-date barns, including ventilating

systems of different types, proper ar.

rangement of ground plan and instal-

lation of equipment, etc. The plans

are practical for the small or large

farmer, the great variety of designs

presented being suited to every man's

need and means so that the farmer

who contemplates building a barn will

find a plan in this book which is adap-

ted to his use. Other buildings are

also illustrated, including creamed-es,

hog pens, chicken houses, etc. This

magnificent book is sent free on re-

quest from any farmer who is going

to build a barn as a means of aiding

him to build right. If you are con-

templating building a barn, write for

a copy of this book to the Louden

Machinery 00., Fairfield, Iowa,’men-

tioni-ng the Michigan Farmer in your

request.



“Michigan, the Land of Plenty,” is

the title of a book published by the

Public Domain Commission and Immi-

gration Commission of Michigan. It

is devoted to a description of the ag-

ricultural, horticultural and industrial

advantages of the state and is intend-

ed primarily for distribution among





 





people from outside the state who are 61-





seeking to locate in Michigan and de-

sire information with regard to the

state’s possibilities and resources. It

will also be of great value to Michi-

gan people who desire to learn more

about other sections of the state. It

gives comprehensive histories of the

various counties in the state, and con-

tains much valuable information with

regard to climate, rainfall, production.

etc. It is profusely illustrated and

contains maps of surface formations,

railroads, etc. Those interested in

this publication should write Hon. A.

C. Carton, Commissioner of Immigra-

tion, Lansing, Mich.



The Studebaker Almanac for 1915 is

now being rapidly distributed to thou-

sands of American farmers. It con-

tains valuable information dealing

with the care of live stock, manage-

ment of soil, crop rotation, and cul-

tural'methods relating to all branches

of agriculture. It also contains dis-

cussions of household problems, etc.

Get a copy of the Sutdebaker wagons

in your neighborhood. or address a

postal card to Studebaker, South

Bend, Ind., mentioning the Michigan

Farmer, and receive a copy free.



“The Principles of Irrigation 'Prmc-

tioed." by John A. Widstoe, A. M.,

Ph. 1)., President of the Utah Agricul-

tural College, is a volume of a rural

text book series edited by L. A. Bail—

ey, containing 496 pages, 5x795 inches

in size. This is a comprehensive trea-

tise on irrigation, covering every

base of this important subject. Price

1.75, published by the Macmillan

Company. New York City.



“Elementary Exercises in Agricul-

ture," by S. H. Dadisman, B. S. Agri-

culture, prlnclpal of the Rollo Con—

School, Rollo, “L is a text-





pages, suitable for primary school or

other similar work; no 500. Pub-

lished the Macmillan 0-way.

New York City.





I:





Veterinary. ‘





all!lIllllllllfllllllllllllllllIIllIIlllllllfll||IllllllIllllllllllllIllllIN|llllllIllllllllllllllllllllllIIIlIIllllllfi

CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.





”if





 





l





IllllllllllllllllllllllHill

lllllllllfllllllllllllIlllll





 





Advice through this department is

free to our subscribers. Each com-

munication should state history and

symptoms of the case in full; also

name and address of writer. Initials

only will be published. Many queré

ice are answered that apply to the

same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably

find the desired information in a re-

ply that has been made to someone

else. When reply by mail is request-

ed. it becomes private practice, and a

fee of $1.90 must accompany letter.





 





indigestion—Tuberculosis in Chich-

ens—Our 13-year«old horse is in a

badly rundown condition, acts rather.

sluggish, coat is rough, has a fairly

good appetite, and after eating food

appears to bloat. His teeth are ap-

parently in good condition. For the

past two years my hens have not

thrived and gradually waste away and

die, but have had no disease affecting

the young pullets or roosters. G. W.

N., North Adams, Mich—Give your





"horse a teaspoonful of powdered sul-‘





phate of iron, a teaspoonful of ground

wormseed, a teaspoonful of salt and

a tablesyoonful of ground gentian at

a dose in feed twice a day. His grain

ration should be increased; besides,

he should be fed a good quality of

food. I am inclined to believe that

your chickens die of tuberculosis.

Why don't you have one of them ex«

amined after death?



Chronic Dry Cough—I have a mare

nine years old that has had a dry

cough for the past two years. At

times it is very severe, distressing her

somewhat. but there are days when

she is quite comfortable. She does

not heave, except during a hard

coughing spell. J. L., Otia, Mich.—

F‘eed no clover, or dusty, musty, badly

cured fodder and dampen her feed.

Give 1 oz. of the following mixture

at a dose three times a day: One

ounce of guaiacol mixed in 15 ozs..of

ray linseed oil. Also give a dessert-

spoonful of Fowler’s solution at a

dose three times a day. Rub throat

once a day with camphorated oil.



Indigestion—-Colic.—~I have a horse

that takes cramps or colic quite often.

He gets sick when he is empty, as

well as when he is full of food. These

attacks do not last for more than 20

or 30 minutes. V. F. G., Newberry,

Mich—Give your horse a tablespoon-

ful of ginger and a tablespoonful of

ground gentian at a dose in feed

three times a day, and feed him with

more care.



Indigestion—Cramps.——I have a 10-

year-old mare that raised colt this

summer, but she is not thriving. Our

local Vet. has been treating her with

rather poor results, and I might state

that her grain is passing through her

whole, only partially digested. H. ‘W..

Albion, Mich—Give her 1 dr. ground

nux vomica, 35 oz. ground gentian, 1

. bicarbonate soda at a dose in feed

three times a day. Her teeth may

need some attention.



Knuckling.——l have a horse that for

the last six months occasionally

knuckles over when driving and at

times he has shown some lameness in

this leg. This horse has not been in

a thrifty condition for the past twelve

months. His skin is covered with

sores, which are scabby. E. P. C.,

Armada, Mich.——Apply one part tinc-

ture of iodine and five parts spirits of

camphor to swollen fetlock joint daily.

Give a dessertspoonfnl of Donovan’s

solution at a dose three times a day.

Apply one part oxide of zinc and sev-

en parts vaseline to sore parts of skin

every two days. ,



Barren Mare-Leuoorrhea.—~I have

a five-year-old mare in good condition

that don’t get with foal: she raised a

colt last year; since then she has had

vaginal discharge and our local Vet,

who examined her, said she would not

get with foal on account of womb

neck being too open. I might also add

that she comes in heat every two

weeks. C. S. 0.. Sears, Mich.—~Your

mare will not get with foal until the

neck of womb partially closes. DIS-

solve 3 ozs. of powdered alum in a

gallon of clean water and inject mare

daily. Give her a teaspoonful of pow—

dered sulphate of iron at a dose three

times a day: furthermore, she should

be well fed.



Unthrlf'ty Horses—Indigestion—I

have been watching this department

to see if someone had a similar case.

but failing to find what I was looking

forlwishtoknowhowtofattenmy

team of horses. They have light work

and are fairly well bed but do not lay

on flesh. F. (3., Fountain, Mich.—

Their teeth may need floating and it

will give them a tsblespoouful of

the following mixture in their food

firsetimesadanlbelieve theywlll

soon be better: One part ground aux

vomica, one part salt, one part pow-





19—439





tiered sulphate of iron, one part red

cmcnona. three parts ground gentian.





Stocking—Have a 14—year-old mare ,





that stocks in barn and is inclined

to get scratches. Her urine is thick,

of a milky color. J. R. B., Reading,

Mich—Give her a dessertspoonful of





Fowler’s solution, a teaspoonful of





tincture nux vomica and a dessert,





spoonful of tincture cinchona at a

dose in feed three times a day.



Foot Soreness—Have a seven-year—

old horse that is lame in fore foot,

but has a well-shaped hoof. Last July

he showed some lameness, but recov-

ered. is now lame again and his heels

are sore. P. J. W., Standish, Mich——

Stand him in wet clay for two or

three hours a day and apply one part

turpentine and one part aqua ammon-

ia, two parts olive oil to coronet once

a day. If frog is diseased in any way,

apply calomel once a day.



Broken-winded Mare—I have a

mare that has heaves, but they do not

bother her continually. What can be

done to relieve this family pet? A.

C. 0., Holly, Mich—Your mare will be

benefited by feeding her no clover or

musty, dusty, badly cured fodder of

any kind, and don"t give her much

bulky food. Give her a dessertspoon-

ful of Fowler’s solution and a tea-

spoonful of tincture lobelia at a dose

in feed three times a day.



Distemper—Have a two-yearaold

colt that had distemper last spring, at

which time an abscess formed in

throat, which broke open and dis-

charged pus. The swelling went down





but the discharge has never dried up.’





I also have a Percheron more that

slipped and blemished hind leg. A

puff came on hock where thoroughpin

is located. G. 11., Fair Grove, Mich.—

Apply one part iodofiorm and nine

parts fresh lard to bunch on hock

three times a week.



Indigestion—Rheumatism.——I have a

four-year-old cow which came fresh

April 12; milked well all summer, but

is now only giving two quarts and is

losing flesh rapidly. My yearling hog

has been lame nearly all summer and

is still limping some. I am fattening

him, but would like to know if he will

be fit for food after slaughtering

time. P. M. 33., Crystal, Mich—Give

your cow lé oz. ground gentian, lé oz.

ginger and 1 dr. ground nux vomica

at a dose in feed three times a day.

You should increase her grain ration.

Give your hog 5 grs. of sodium salicy~

late at a dose in feed three times a

day. I know of no reason why his

carcass will be unfit for food.



Cow Does Not Come in Heat—I

have a cow that came in heat regular-

ly up to last spring; since then she

has not been in heat and this same

cow seems to dry up every season

just as soon as cool weather sets in.

J. A., Wales, Mich.——Give her 1 dr. of

ground nux vomica, 3 drs. of ground

capsicum at a dose in feed three

times a day: also feed her plenty of

grain and keep her warm.





 





The quarantine at the Chicago and

various other stock yards of the coun-

try stopped shipments of feeder cattle

to feeding districts temporarily, and

undoubtedly the number of cattle to

be fed this winter will be even small-

er than had been counted upon a short

time ago. Under all the circumstances

it will be well for owners of well—bred

thin or warmed-up cattle that are do-

ing well on feed to hold them until in

proper condition for returning to the

market as finished beeves, for there

is not going to be any surplus of such

stock for months ahead, and they will

sell high enough to bring satisfactory

profits to their owners, provided the

stockmen have sufficient feed and

hogs to follow the cattle. Many cat—

tle have been marketed in recent

weeks that should have been held

from 30 to 60 days longer.





 





 





HVE Let us handle your

POULTRY, poultry , fruits , farm pro-

BRBILERS, ducts. Our 25 years in

“HITS, the same store assures





POTATOES, your satisfactory results .

0NIONS. mus. '. Hum & SDI.

ETC. Detroit, “Nigel.





Ship your Hay to Pittsburgh an!“

Daniel McBaflrcy Sons company

. Pittsburgh. Pa.

, Bot—any bank or Mercantile ’Agsucy.





 





. - Wholdoole co ' '

lugs, Hi“ 60-. Detroit. w.‘§.‘f”‘§2§.°.“ Em:





potatoes. poultry and nfibits. Quick lotus-In.





-—w

FARMERS will" ' arkot quota-





tion h uewlald em shipped direct to us b. mm.

Write a In! information. It will on you. Rm icon

Battor& Cheese 60.. 31-33 Griswold Lfietrnlhhci.





—We pay highest market price for

HA .3: £1. sacrum c... Detroit.

APPLES m earners WEB





E. L mm 00.. W

APPLE WANTED

m on, on «_a.. "cum no... nut have

an ”Egg?!“ ”gluon.





 





'i fivewolghtoemhobo 0

0:3 Malt M v





 





 





 





 





.1.-.“





- *3M‘“ ‘





 





 





. .L... ”Aw .- M.-.
440—20,





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





NOV. 14, 1914.





 





 

 

 





flW





WORK SHOES





uppers, double stitched

heavy oak tanned soles—

solid counters —- double

leather toes—the greatest '-

into work shoes.





on the sole.





“m0!





 





Made of Resisto Veal, the new leather that withstands

the alkali cf the soil and ammonia of the barn yard.





HONORBILT





Stand the hardest kind of wear but . ,- , ,

are not heavy or clumsy. Resisto ‘ . .., __ ,,,,,,, ' "





‘ . vas°s°s¢>

leather combination put \%w|u\\\“\\w/





WARNING—Always look for the Mayer name and trade mark

If your dealer cannot supply you, write to us.





shoes; Yerma Cushion Shoes. Martha Washington Comfort Shoes.





F. Mayer Boot & Shoe Co., Milwaukee





___,

.o"





f/





N

9





___‘fl‘,_





 





We make Meyer Honorbilt Shoes in all styles for men, women, childrenl “Dryeox.





   





 

 

 

 

 

 





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





in us' TAN

won more.





Cattle or Horse hide. Calf, Dog, Deer

or any kllld of skin with hair or fur on.

We tell and Ilnleh them right: make

them into coats (for men and women)

robesmugs or gloves when ordered. '



Yourfur goods will cost you less than

to buy them, and be worth more. Our

Illustrated catalog gives a. lot of in~ . .

formation which every stock raiser .m

should have, but we never send out this l1 .

valuable beck except upon request.



.It tells how to take off and care for

hides: how and when we pay the freight

bolh ways :ubout our safe dyeing pro-

cess which is a. tremendous advantage

to the customer. especially on horse

hides and call aklne; about the fur

goods an? gfime trophies we sell. taxi-



ermy. e c. you went a. co ‘

lelllll' Eorrect address. py stnd us .

e rosby Frisian Fur Company ~—

0

e 571 lyell Ave.. Rochester. N. Y.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





BOOK ON





I

Dog Diseases

AND HOW TO FEED

Mailed Free to any address by the author





ll. CLAY GLOVER. V. S.

l l 8 West 3 l st Street New York





 





 





 





 





 





POULTRY.





 





BOURBON lllll) 'l‘lIllliliYS FOR SALE.





Inquire of MRS. O. L. MAGEE, Boyne Falls.Mich.





MAMMOTH ROUEN DUCKS"&3.?“‘.—iil§“.fi.ii

single birds. All fine, large birds at reasonab 9 prices.

D. G. FISHER. R. No, 3. Box 98, Birmingham. Mich.





IIEIlE’SIllIIIl OPPIIIIIIIIIIIY £331; aggrhimgygi

are white runner drakes. best in U. S.

IVEBVIEW FARM. R. No. 8. Vassar. Mich.





 





 





 





Min and Indian Runner Ducks-Sill“ 1233. 533°“

11. V. HOSTETLER. Route No. 1, 8t. ohns, Mich.

BIIIl. FlIIIlEIIS- gidiivfinihhlllafi.$3.333}:

From extra laying strain, large handsome fellows.





Farm raised. For prices write. RIVERVIEW

POULTRY FARM. Box 798 Union City. Michigan.





—All rize winners and breeding stock

Balnd "00“ at hsl‘i price. Won 20 prizes last winter

W. 0. OOFF‘MAN. R. No. 6. Benton Harbor. Mich





lLVER .ACED GOLDEN and WHITE WYANDOTTES—A flue

S lot 0 White cockerels weighingfi to 8 lbs. at $2 and .3

each. Browning's Wyandotte Farm. Portland. Michigan.





3. L WIlIIIIIlIIE EIiIis“§:’°i’3‘i§§”xiii§il§§‘ $32





Satisfaction guaranteed. F.E. Oowdrey, Ithaca. Mich.





PIIE CREST WIIIIE 0IIPIII6T0II8‘15‘S‘3."§?§$§”§§





State Fair, ullets, cockerels, hens. also co lie pu les.

Mrs.Wlills ough. Pine Crest Farm. Royal Oak. ich.





PLYMOUTH Rock cockerels 5 to ll lbs., according to

age. hens 5 to 8 lbs, 15 eggs '1: Mammoth Bronze

Torn Turkeys 8 to 36 lbs. accordin to age. Price $8

to $25. 10 eggs 83. A. E. ORAMTO . Vassar. Mich.





nun-





 





DOGS AND FERRETS.





FOX, COON AND RABBIT HOUNDS





Broke to gun and field. Prices right. Fox and





000 h d u s 85 each. Stamp for reply.

n (mil. 8. liar'rLE. Fredericksburg. Ohio.





' ' ~30 Fox and Coon ho nd

lramodllunnmgvfox Hounds p... 500 Ferrets.Pohliee

Bend stamp. . E. LEOKY, Holmesville. Ohio.





Fox and Wolf Hounds I





oi the Imi English slnln in lmonoa

~10 years experience in breeding

these line bounds for my own

sport. Save your pigs sheep and

poultry. Send stamp for catalog





1‘. B. HUDSPETH,

Sibley, VJacKeon County. Mo.





2000 Ferrets for sale. Write for price

lot. It's free. Guarantee safe delivery.

Domains Bros. . Box “Jamestown, Mm





While and Brown Foml: for 8an filif'fifiiiell 21.3.3?

and all Imlll animals out of holes. Burt Ewell. Vellum-,0.





Mprotect Your Home

mg Against Roof





- Fires





-the most frequent and dangerous.

Protect it against the ravages of rain

and snow storms by roofing with





K





Metal Shingles

" We Pay the Freight "





You can now buy direct from us at

factory prices and save money.



‘ These long-life shingles are fire-resist-

ing, weather-proof, cold and heat-proof.

Cheaper than wood shingles and easier

and quicker to lay. Do not rot. curl.

crack, buckle nor fall off.



Every shingle guaranteed. Made of full

28-gaug_e steel, painted or galvamzed, and

come Single, ei ht to sheet or m clus-

ters 2 ft. by any ength 5 to 10 it.



Send for New Big Catalog. Shows how

to get full protection at a very low cost.





KANNEBERG ROOFlNG & CElLlNG C0.

Est. 1885 1435 Douglas Street, Canton, Ohio





 





 





flllllIIIIIIIIIIlIIllIIIIIlIIIlIlIIIIIIlIIllIllIIIlIllIIIllIIIIIIIIII[IIIIIIIIIII”IIIllI|lIIIIliIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIllIIIIE





E Poultry. g





IIIIIIlIIIIIIIlIlI|IIlIIIlIIIIIIIII|IIIIlIIIllllIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIHIIIIIiIIIIII|lllll|IIIIIIIIllIlIIIllIIIIIlIIII

GREEN FEED FOR POULTRY.





 





As the season of snow and frozen

ground draws nearer, the outside sup«

ply of green feed for the poultry be-

comes less and less. As long as the

grass remains green the bird-s will

practically supply themselves if the

range is good. After the ground is

covered the supply must be drawn

from the cellars and storage trenches.

Green food in abundance is an abso-

lute necessity if we would get winter

eggs. In the late fall and early winter

cabbage is usually plentiful and cheap

and I find it pays to feed a lot of it.

All the'green outer leaves are stored

as well as the solid parts of the heads.

The hens seem to prefer the outer

leaves to the tendered blanched ones.

Turnip tops from the fall-planted

areas are relished by the poultry. I

even sowed a corner of the garden,

where other crops had been removed,

especially for the pullets, as late as

the first of September. The bottoms





‘ will not reach any size but the tops





are eaten greedily and remain in good

condition until the ground freezes.

Green Food Stimulating.

Green feed is not given for the food

value, but as a means of keeping the

birds in good health. They act as a

stimulant to the digestive organs and

keep the apetite at the proper point

of keenness. Many articles are fed,

such as chopped apples, mangles and

sometimes silage. A liberal quantity

of pleasant-flavored apples are readily

eaten by the laying hens. It should

be remembered that all green feed

should be given only in quantities that

the flock will quickly clean up. Such

food soon becomes unfit for the bird,

if left in the pens and feeding troughs.

Silage in Small Quantities Beneficial

Silage is often fed where other





 





 





 





Don’t Take Chances

IA - with colds and sick.





LBJ-X01}: nee: from exposure

in the rain.





Know real Wet

weather comfort.





\ _ eu-‘OWERS

\\i 3.4-“:

’1!!!an

REFLEX

SLICKER





Waterproof lh rou h and

through . Palenl Reflex

Edges stop every drop from

running In where the fronts

overlap and button.





r .V’, $3.00 Everywhere





 

 

 

 





 

 

 





” Protector Bat, 75 Cls.

A. .I. TOWER C0. smsrlcnon nonhuman

BOSTON Send forfree Catalog





 





 





 





 





 

 





 





 





 

 





 





 





O - ‘ O O



Galvanized or Painted Roofing

Made of high sde open hearth metal. All galvan-

ized Roofiwngan Bidinfi have heavy coating of gel-

vanize. rite 10-day or free sample and mill rice

list No. 208. 80nd else of building length of dge,

le th of ton on we wll' furnish free complete

“Wm? of cash-wimt obligation 02h yog‘r part “ago

—- ma 9 com eon .n I28 I. -



lAlli-Io were of galvanised shingles for been-ere.





30 Year Guaranteed Galvanized Roofing

Made of selected beet grade No. 24 age asie

f:§“.'.‘°a'1i‘v“l‘:ill.'i‘nii‘ 3m*§.'..h°ta.§"..." .. 2:;

amines .. m .. m w

Established 1877

Til! SYKl-‘S METAL LATH a. ROOFING CO.

6” Walnut Street. Nil... Ohio





     





 

   

   

   

   

   

 

   





things are not available, but I do not

think a large quantity of it acts for

best results. Where other feeds are

not available there is nothing better

than sprouted oats, indeed, I am not

sure but these make the best of all

green foods. Some years ago there

appeared advertisements in various

periodicals, offering for a considera-

tion the secret for making a marvel-

ously cheap and great egg-producing

food for the poultry. This proved to

be nothing more or less than sprouted

oats. Experiments conducted at the

Maine station indicate that oats, to

have a real feeding value, must be

fed unsprouted or ground, but at the

same time the sprouted article has a

very great value as a tonic and stim-

ulant for the appetite and digestive

faculties. For this reason sprouted

cats are really of great value to the

birds. There seems to be no green

feed that the hens devour so greedily

and therefore it is not safe to give,

except with considerable caution. Ov-

erfeeding will produce a laxative con-

dition and diarrheoa.

Sprouting Oats.



Oats should be sprouted quickly to

be at their best. Here is a method.

First soak the grain in water of a

temperature approximating 60 degrees

F., for 48 hours, adding a few drops

of formalin to kill the spores of

moulds and all decay bacteria. After

soaking spread on trays, allowing

them to remain about an inch thick.

They should be kept in a place where





‘ the temperature ranges around 70 de.





grees F., or a little higher, for eight

or ten days. By this time a thick

mass of roots should be formed and

the whole become green and tender.

One square inch of this is sufficient

for each fowl daily. It is important to

feed enough green material in the

early winter, for only by so doing can

one hope to be rewarded with a good-

ly supply of eggs when the price is

way up in the air.





New Hamp. C. H. CHESLEY.





 





 





Ek‘éfi.’ MILLATMILL PRICES





THE PULLETS JUST NOW.





 





Last fall I heard a. woman remark,

“Of course, my hens don’t begin to

lay till March.” Evidently her hens

laid as she expected them to. If she

had set herself to thinking out a. sim-

ple problem in arithmetic and hen-

olcgy, she would have “expected”

them to lay considerably earlier or

known the reason why if they failed

to do so. A pullet may be given from

five to seven months to mature and

come into laying, and conditions are

wrong when they do not meet these

expectations. The majority of farm

flock keepers think it is the pullet’s

nature to be idle until spring ap-

proaches but the fault of the system

is really in the owner who does not

know what tq “expect.”



Just now, when the frosty nights are

at hand, is none too early to select

the oldest pullets and place, them in

a. house and yard where they will not

be crowded and can give special feed

and care. If their house is 12 to 18

feet deep, has four square feet‘ or





more of floor room allowed per pul-,





let, and an open front, they will be

cosy and breathe fresh air at night.

Part of the day they will love to lie

around in a warm, sunny place, much

like a eat; but they develop by that

process quite as much as by foraging

all the time. In addition to their

scratch feed of grains, they will now





eat a surprising amount of dry mash ;





if fed in hoppers or open boxes. One

simple mixture of such mash is one

bushel of ground oats and corn, one

peck of bran, two quarts meat scrap,

one handful of salt, one quart of grit,





one pint of charcoal and one quart of'





oyster shell.





nish these conditions and this range

of food to insure the best develop-

ment of stock, and early eggs; if they

do, eggs will not this year bring top-

notch prices at the usual season.



Every indication points to an in-

creasing demand for fresh eggs and

vigorous laying stock. Common .ob-

servation, even in years of normal de-

mand, shows that eggs are highest in

the fall and early winter. Common

sense reasoning, therefore, dictates to

use every possible means to supply

the demand during these months. Will

we do it?



JENNIE BUELL.





THINGS I HAVE LEARNED.





 





The best breed of fowls to keep is

the breed you like the best.



The best exercise a. poultryman can

take is to run a. bone cutter every

day.



The good layer roosts in the house

that belongs to the good feeder.



Wash and air the feed troughs at

least once a week. A dirty trough

will befoul the food, and dirty food

will bring on disease.



A hundred pounds of grit will save

200 pounds of grain. When grit is

not regularly supplied, much of the

food eaten passes through the fowl

undigested.



The hungry hen is the busy hen and

the busy hen is the laying hen. Never

feed so generously in the early part

of the day that the hen will have no

desire to hunt for food. Keep the

hens a bit hungry, and feed a full

feed only in the evening just before

they go to roost.



The farmer who keeps both fowls of

the larger breeds and those of the

Leghorn class, should keep them in

different quarters and manage and

feed them differently, if he is to get

the very best results. The smaller

breeds can stand and should be fed a

larger proportion of fat-producing

foods than the larger breeds. The

larger breeds fatten easily, and even

when on range, should be made to

scratch in deep litter for every grain





they get. Exercise keeps down fat

and invigorates the egg-producing

organs.



Indiana. T. Z. RICHEY.





Not more than one care— .

taker of a farm flock in ten will fur-i





 





\,
"12" ._-. .1 ,.,v-





NOV.14,1914.





Practical





THE CONTRlBUTJONS OF POUL-

TRY TO FOOD AND DIET.





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BY FLOYD W. ROBISON.





(Continued from last week).



Care should be observed in the

drawing of poultry, otherwise infec-

tion of the flesh is apt to follow. The

opportunities for infection and con-

tamination from the undrawn contents

of the intestinal canal are very great.

It is now a well recognized fact that

fish can scarcely be marketed in an

edible form as judged by expert diet-

ists, unless the fish be drawn shortly

after the same is removed from the

water. We are aware that the fish is

much more loosely constructed me-

chanically than fowl-s, but we are sure

that the analogy holds just the same

although. of course, not to such a pro-

nounced degree as with fish. When

the fowl is killed, shortly after the

animal heat disappears a condition

known as “rigor mortis” sets in, the

muscles of the body become rigid and

set. This condition seems to be due

to a change in the form of the proteid

of the body. In the course of time

this condition passes away and the

flesh of the fowl becomes soft and pli—

able again. We know that as far as

fish are concerned, carrying the anal

ogy a little further, if the fish is

cleaned or drawn shortly after being

taken from the water, when the rigor

mortis sets in it will continue for a

much longer time than if the fish is

undrawn. We think this indicates that

the passing away of this set condition

is due either to enzymic or probably

to bacterial action, and if it may be

due to bacteria, it certainly indicates

that bacterial contamination is great-

er and more rapid in the undrawn

than in a drawn fowl. Too much at-

tention is paid these days to satisfy-

ing certain set market demands with-

out first giving consideration to the

question as to whether that market

demand will develop the most sani<

tary food and the best quality of pro-

duct. It is'at this point that, by wise

and efficient administration of food

laws many undesirable practices are

being regulated.



The Nutritive Value of Poultry.



In considering the nutritive value of

any food product the first item of con-

sideration is the determination of the

amount of refuse material, that is to

say, first of all, the gross refuse ma-

terial. In vegetable foods this means

the parts usually removed in prepar-

ing the product for food. In meat pro-

ducts it means the removal of those

parts of the carcass which are usually

removed in placing the product in a

marketable form. This is the socall-

ed dressing of pork and beef, and the

so-called dressing of poultry, that is,

the removal of the feathers, head, feet

and the digestive organs, etc. Ac-

cording to the researches of the Uni-

ted States Department of Agriculture

along these lines the refuse in poultry

amounts to approximawa 25 per cent

of the total weight of the fowl. In

some forms of meat food products,

such as pork and beef, this reaches

a slightly greater proportion.



Refuse in Dressed Poultry.



There is still left an inedible por-

tion in the fowl and other meat pro-

ducts as purchased in the market.

This is usually the bony and gristly

parts of the fowl. In chickens as pur-

chased on the market this refuse

amounts to about 18 per cent of the

total weight of the fowl as purchased

for food; in turkeys, about 14 per

cent; in ducks, 16 per cent; ordinary

sirloin steak. 13 per cent; eggs, 11 per

cent. As far as food values are con—

cemed, a consideration or dillerent

meat products from a standpoint of

the total actual nutrients present. no-





T‘H‘E * Mic H IoAN F‘A‘R ME R

EWWHIWNWWWWHWHWHIWIWHllllmlllllllllllllfllllllllllllllllll WlWllmUWWlWHlWli





Science.





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ities, is a pretty fair way of making a

comparison of the products. In com-

paring two different meat food pro-

ducts as many unknown factors must





'be eliminated as can possibly be elim-





inated, for, of course, differences in

individuals make important differ-

ences in the value of any particular

meat food‘product to them. Some

persons will secure a greater amount

of nourishment from sirloin steak, for

example, than from a corresponding

equivalent of chicken or turkey. With

others the condition is reversed. In

other words, in comparing products of

this kind we must eliminate the idio-

syncracies of the individual.





Comparative Energy Values.



The fuel value which is probably as

fair 3. way of judging the comparative

food value of two different meat food

products are approximately as fol-

lows: Chickens as purchased on the

market, containing approximately 18

per cent of refuse material. have a

fuel value of about 600 calories per

pound; turkeys as purchased have a

fuel value of about 1000 calories per

pound; duck, about 900 calories per

pound; goose, approximately 1300 cal-

ories per pound: sirloin steak as pur-

chased. about 1000 calories per pound;

eggs, 800 calories per pound. From a

fuel standpoint, therefore, it is quite

easy to figure what these different

articles of food should sell for, com-

pared with each other. If we assume

for instance, that chickens are worth

20 cents per pound, as purchased on

the market, then from a fuel stand-

point, or a total energy value, turkeys

would be Worth 33% cents per pound:

and ducks would be worth 30 cents

per pound, geese, 43 cents per pound:

sirloin steak would be worth 33 cents

per pound; and eggs would be worth

20 cents per pound.





Meat Compared on :1 Lean Meat Basis.



As a matter of fact, however, the

real edible values of these different

products, excepting eggs, depends per-

haps more largely upon their protein

relationship than upon their total fuel

values. In explanation of this point

it should be remembered that fat and

oil materials from a fuel or total en-

ergy value are rated at two and one-

fourth times the rating of protein or

lean meat tissues. This explains why

duck and goose, from a fuel point of

view, are given such a high rating and

why they would proportionately be

worth so much more per pound. As

a rule, they contain much more fat

than do chickens and turkeys. In the

diet the fat is not the most valuable

portion. As a matter of fact. with an

exceedingly fat chicken or an exceed-

ingly fat goose, the greater proportion

of we fat is apt to be wasted. We,

therefore, believe that a comparison

from a standpoint of lean meat will

give more-regular values to these dif-

ferent products. Chickens as purchas-

ed contain about 17 per cent of pro-

tein; turkey, 18 per cent; duck, 15

per cent; goose, 14 per cent: sirloin

steak, 16 per cent. If, therefore, we

conceive chickens to be worth 20

cents per pound, from a lean meat

point of view, turkey should be worth

21 cents per pound; duck would be

worth 18 cents per pound; goose

would be worth 16 cents per pound;

sirloin steak. 19 cents per pound, and

this relationship is, we think. about

the relationship that should really ex-

ist between, these different kinds of

meat. As a matter of fact, turkey

usually costs more per pound than

does chicken, but the relationship be-

tween the market costs does not seem

to be strictly along lines of real food

value. There, is a certain amount of

sentiment apparently regarding ‘the



(Continued on page 443).





 





 





21—441





 





 





4 only one- fourth of a cent. /





than the Tuxedo price!





aged Burley tobacco.





pleasantness zn/





aroma that is pleasant to all.





smoked. Buy a tin—today.





inner- lined with

moisture-proof paper





Convenient pouch, 5

C





point in the United States. Addicss





Room 1199 111 Fifth Avenue





 





Why Should I Smoke





TUXEDO is the logical smoke for

millionaire: because it is impos-

‘ ' siblc to buy a better tobacco.

Tuxedo IS the logical smoke for

the economical man because there

are 40 pipcfuls in a ten- -ccnt tin—

making thc average cost per pzpeful c’”ool”""mb-u‘ pleasant/1am. 1 '





To buy cheaper tobacco means to

get less pleasure out of smoking,

because it is impossible to make a

tobacco as good as Tuxedo at less





 





The Perfed Tobacco for 1%» and Ggarefle





Tuxedo is made of only the finest, _

choicest selected leaves of perfectly STAN?!“ WAR-BURTON

It is made

by the angina! “Tuxedo Process"

which takes all the unpleasantncss sirablc qualilyisprcsenl in

out of tobacco and leaves all the éeflsmokelwer ,1“ d ..





Tuxedo has a deliciously mild, fragrant

It is the only





tobacco you can smoke m a room full of lace

curtains without leaving even a trace of odor.





A trial will convince you that Tuxedo is

superiorto every other tobacco you have ever





YOU CAN BUY TUXEDO EVERYWHERE

Famous green tin.



' Id I e ' ,

mascara Me

In Glass Humidors, 50c and 90c

FREE Send us 2 cents in stamps for [3091- son wby I shouldn I say I



age and we will man you a souvmir __

tin of TUXEDO tobacco to any 2:: lax: mufiqescldo





THE AMERICAN TOBACCO COMPANY





 





GEO. CURRY

(ex-Governor. New Mexico





“ Tuxedo appeals to me

on account of its ‘ '





Therein lies as superiority 10

all other tobaccos." ‘





429521.47





 





 





(,ongressman

State of Washington





“My own experience leads

me to believe but every de—





Tuxedo Tobacco. [l is the





 





IRVIN S. COBB

humorist and novelist





“Icon (think ofany rea-





SlimliCi’w’d





New York __..——-—-—-

II





 





 





 





 





 





 





ONE HUNDRED HEADS.“ 0' We“ 0'5“")



Steers and Heifers



ready for to sell at once. Five cars of two- year- -old

wil-l‘b odyborzooelonLls 194



J B. GARDNER. Cadillac. Michigan. L. B. 437.





 





tofit From Hogs. Our free book, 'The Hog from Birth

to Sole.“ tells how to make big profits. Send for ll. today

THE 1.. B. SILVER 00., 196 Vickers Bldg.. Cleveland. Ohio





BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY.

CATTLE.





ABERDEEN ANGUS





Bull calves and yearlings ready for service Birod

by Louis of Viawponl: 'I. Closely related to five

Grand Champions—~Brother, Sister.81re Sire' s

Boothe! and Grand sire. (International Grand Champ-

ion for three years in succession. Prices 376 up. Will

meet prospective purchasers either at Somerset.



Addison or Addison J 11110321011



You are bound to get good calves from these bulls

even with ly dairy typo grade cows.



GHO. .SMITH G CO..



ADDISON AND SOMEWBSET MICHIGAN.





 





 





 





 





 





ABERDEEN-ANGUS





HERD FOUNDED IN 1900.





Strains represented] consist of Trojan Ericas. Black V_





birds and rides only. Black Quality Ito. a hull of

rare individuality and merit. heads the herd

W00!) COTE STOCK FARM. Ionla. Mich.





‘Ynsmms—Ono of the foremost dairy broods The

most economical milk producers. Calves

for sale. Whibo Leghorn oockerele: Dnroo Jersey





swine. Michigan School for the Deaf. FlinLM lchigon.

CHAS. J. ANGEVINE. 7





Two Holstein Bull Calves





 





MILO D. CAMPBELL.





BEACH FARM





GUERLSEYS





To whom it may concern:



I have just com leted a tuberculin test

of SOlnead of Bone Farm Guernsey stock,

not one of which showed the least sign of

reaction. Signed Du. Tnos. L. Borr, Vet.





fun Bred Bulls and Grade Heifers

from the above stock for sale



CAMPBELL 6 ANGEVINE.

COLD‘WATER. MICHIGAN.



no... .. Haas “-xs





 





 





BUY GUESERNYS 1-‘011 mom.

QUANTITY and QUALITY





combined with economical production make-

The GUEBRBEY Cow most dealt able.





Send for literature.





GUERNSEY CATTLE CLUB

Box 25. Peterboro. N. H.





 





 





e have for solo o number of pure Guernsey cows

heifers and balls. also Berkshire hog.

lean





 





VILLAGE FARM. Grass Lake.

IMJ offldmobor 15384. Ago 4 ».

“wrong—E Revision for Rselllnfils in bmedin will;

10. 011th n.





 





FOR SALE.

‘ Three Flue Young Bulls





. 8. 93nd 10 months old. from

a) and 20 pound cows.

each one giving over 111.000

, hm. milka year—priceaslm.

‘15 and 8150. The two old

est nicely marked—4:116 other

has block backand sides. with

songs {guinea llimliol 2nd.

r an in of

Pontiocs blood. 8 the





. BiGELOW'S HOLS :‘EIN rm

Breed svllle. Mich.





ESPANORE FARM, Lansing, Midigan.





Offers for sale





goalient breeding and fine individuals. Write





CHASE 8. OSBDBN

ADAM E. FEBGUBCN.





III-Madonna. hill-frag:





”- Lam acquaintance uncut hm

rotors-cos. Fauna-I. Eighteen, Howell. Mich.





For Sale Pure Bred





llolslein Heifers and Bulls.





De K01 and Landry Gll‘l' Butter Boy min.

LEWIS NELLER, - Lansing, Mich.

manouocmms~nard hooded!» A

Beaumont-Boy Ho. Mute-e “his 3::





My amid. Mun-8211111 Hlkm

2«yr«old. Raymbrnle '.B.But;or. loadings-113





Bmodolf My continued on pm “3,





} 0mm. 1.. M. mrgnp.“
442—22





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FAR'MER





NOV. 14, 1914.





 





   

 





’/





   





4 II. P. Wt. 375 lbs.





0 h I "I I ’ K i





For All Farm Work

This is the light-weight. quickoac-

tion Truck Outfit that has proved so

handy for farm work. So light a boy

can pull it around from job to job—

yet it easily handles all work up to 4

or 4% H. P. Runs at any speed de-

sired, speed changed while running.

Pump circulation to water tank pre-

vents overheating even on all-day run.

Cushman light-Weight Engines—4-Cy-

cle—4t020 H. P.—are the most useful





9



o



o



for farm work as they do everything ©

' o



o



o



o



@





©®©©©





heavy engines can do and so many

things the big clumsy fellows can't

do. Also require less fuel. 4 H. P.

weighs only 1901bs; 8 H. P. only 820

lbs. Throttle Governor gives steady

power. Friction Clutch Pulley. _0n

truck or skid. Not a cheap engine.

but built to run without trouble.

Engine Book free.



Cushman Motor Works

826 North 2m 8L. Llneoln. Nebraska





soooooooo





©

©

©

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\

2

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, E

Add new, rich crop growin land to l i

your own farm by clearing it o stumps. 1

Clear your neighbors’ land. Your Her- }





cules will be kept busy when others see

what it does. Big profits for you.





With the



Hercules m... Power

Stump Pullers

you can clear an acre a day. The known

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HERCULES MFG. CO.

131 23rd Street.





Centenille,





' All-Steel ,





3

l/ .





4 "l‘l





i.





‘u_\\\ *2

7‘)!“





 





 





 

 

 





 





 





' and increase their ::{;



product of flesh. milk. 1:3:

wool, etc..by being fed }',-2

liberal rations of cut

roots. No matter what

else you feed, cut roots will

improvethe ration. They addazest which means

‘: increased consumption of roughage and aid in





Mllk*B€€1Ag.L..:s’23h.sg





 

   





 





   

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





'33:. digestion and assimilation. They put a to finish

w} on market sheep and lambs. They put co or and

richness in milk and cream and resulting butter. :; I.





53335. Banner Root Cutters





for both hand and power, prepare roots in the best .-_‘

3:: ossible way. Cut so fine as to revent all chok- 3.:

. rug of animals. It’s done With t _e “Non-Choke s."-

‘ Curve Cut." Made in seven Sizes. Write for

)5 free illustrated booklet. _ Every animal condition

will be improved by feeding a ration of cutroots. 4::

,rr. 0. E. Thompson 8: Sons

‘."_'- Ynsllantl - ' Mlchl‘lfl :;:





   

   

   

   

   

 





éw'seeeswssmis

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DSFmt from I! there. 2 he

5 f o ndCoI-nwlgnzhuekoggau



\ grain. (Also make 10 sizes of belt mills)

“ll—Booklet on "Feeds and m

oJLP. Dweller 30.. south Send. an





A P. of H. EMBLEM





For the Buttonhole.

Handsome rolled gold and enaimel

t free for two subsor t one

if“ the MICHIGAN FA mm

either kind. The great special

offer—3 years for 31 or at 50 cents

a year. Bend orders to





0

MICHIGAN FARMER,

DE CH6





 





TROIT- MI





 





 





llllllhlllllllll‘llllllfllllllfil





. worth it.





' organized.





home.





I





mlllllllllllllllllll"HIIIIllllllllllllllllllIllIlIIIIIllI|IHIIIIIIlll|llllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





Grange. _





LEIIllllII!IIllIlllllIllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllII|IIlllIIlllllIIIIlIlllllllIlllIIllIII|IIlllIlllllllfllllllllllllllmlfl

Our Motto—“The farmer is of more





:I





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consequence than the farm, and should





be first improved.”





GARDNER'S SPEECH AT MORENCI.





 





 





Chas. M. Gardner, who spoke to

Morenci Grange members -and their

friends at the I. O. O. F. Temple, on

October 9, holds the oflice of high

priest Demeter in the National

Grange. He was here to speak in

Adrian, gala week, and offered to ad-

dress another Grange, which was ac-

cepted by their Grange.



“I never address a Grange audi-

ence,” he said, “but I notice two

things; first, there are no dull faces;

second, there are no dissipated faces.

The members of the Grange are per-

sons who have interests and a busy

lift. When I get in Lenawee county

it seems like coming home, which is

the highest compliment I can pay you

folks.



“When Granges were first being es-

tablished there was an immense

amount of enthusiasm, and one of the

greatest problems we faced was

whether that enthusiasm would last.

But now we know that it does last.”



Some Grange 'Statistics.



“There are 7,000 Granges in the

United States, with a membership of

more than 800,000. In the state of

Michigan there are 875 subordinate

Granges and a membership of 55,000.

Someone asked you to join the order

because it is cheap. It is not cheap.

Let us figure for a. moment what it

costs. There are 175,000 meetings an-

nually, with an average attendance of

55, so that the members spend not

less than one million hours a year in

the work, which is a large amount, no

matter in what way you figure it.



“The Grange is costly in time, en-

ergy and strength; but it is well

I wish to show you that the

Grange is worth while, no matter

what it cost. First, it is a defender

of the rural interests of the country;

that is the purpose for which it was

The organization took

place shortly after the Civil War, with

the purpose of restoring agricultural

prosperity and effecting a fraternity

that would be helpful.



“That this organization has been ef-

fective cannot be denied. The rural

free delivery of mail was brought

about largely by the Grange. The

carrier does not ask the patron to

give the password, he takes it to all

alike, so that the service which the

Grange renders is overflowing. The

Grange was working for good roads

long before there were any automo~

bile clubs; the Grange was alone for

years in the agitation of a parcel post.



A Defender of the Home.



“The Grange is worth all it costs

as a defender of the American home.

I am not a pessimist, harking back to

the ‘good old times of days gone by,’

but we cannot help but “admit that the

change in modern conditions has a

tendency to attract all away from the

There are moving picture

shows, the clubs and lodges to call the

members of the family in different

directions. But the Grange calls them

all to one point, and when they return

home they can sit down and talk it

over with a common interest.



“As a developer of the individual

life the order is invaluable. Most of





us can remember the old-time singing





and spelling schools. Then there was





the debating society, where questions





were attacked that senators would

hesitate to handle. All these things

tended to develop the boys and girls.

They served as a training that laid a

foundation for a future development

and culture. But today there is a

chain of endless amusements, that I





would not deplore, but that have no

tendency to build up character. In

letting others do for us, we may lose





the faculty to do for ourselves. But

the Grange steps in here, welcomes

the boy and girl and sets them to

work. The brightest boys and girls

were not in the time when you and I

were young, but are living today, in

1914.



“The Grange is worth all it costs,

because it helps to gratify the su-

preme universal longing of humanity

which is to live better and do better.

Man has gained his superiority over

animals largely by his ability to co-

operate with his fellow men. Alone

man is weak; but united, he is irre-

sistible. A physical director told his

class that three rules exist for success





in the athletic field. First, help some-‘





one else every chance you have; sec-

ond, smile; third,- team work. It is

the helping hand, the hopeful heart

and teamwork that count in life.”





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





The Grangers of Scotts held a fair

October 23-24, that was said by some

who saw it to be far ahead of any

county fair held in late years. It in-

cluded exhibits of stock, vegetables,

grains, fruits, maked goods, and fancy

work of the highest class. The fruit

exhibit besides excellent apples, in-

cluded a plate of large delicious look-

ing peaches, on top of each of which

was a ripe strawberry. There was

also a dish of red raspberries and a

cutting from a raspberry bush, con-

taining ripe berries. In the vegetable

exhibit were found numerous interest-

ing specimens. One was a cabbage

weighing 24 pounds. There was a

pumpkin that would just fit comfort-

ably into a good—sized washtub. The

collection of squashes. included so

many kinds that some were entirely

new to many visitors. There were

cauliflowers, potatoes, c‘arrots, turnips

and all kinds of vegetables to be

found at this time of year. One cur-

iosity was shown in the vegetable or-

ange, raised by a member of Scotts

Grange, which excited much interest.

There were some fine exhibits of

grain. One exhibit that caused some

merriment was a Plymouth Rock hen

11 years old, that is still laying. The

fancy work exhibit was a beautiful

one, with work of many kinds shown.





 





 





EHHHHHHHIHHHHHHHHHHHIHHHHHIIIHIHHHIHIHIIHIHHHIHHHHHHHHHHHIHIIIIHHHHIHI‘i]

ElllllllllllllllllllflllIHHHIIHHHIYIIIHIHIIIHIIHIHIIII“!I“lllllllllllIIIIIIHIIIIIHIIHIIIIIlllllilllllllllf





Address all communications relative

to the organization of new Clubs to

Mrs. C. P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.





 





Associational Motto:



“The skillful hand with cultured

mind is the farmer’s most valuable

asset.”





 





Associational Sentiment:

“The Farmer: He garners from the

soil the primal wealth of nations."





FARMERS’ CLUB FAIRS.

Essex Farmers’ Club.



On October 28 the Essex Farmers’

Club met at “The Firs,” the pleasant

home of Mr. and Mrs. J. Blemester.

At this meeting was held the annual

Club Fair, accompanied with the us-

ual chicken-pie dinner. This meeting

was the commencement of the twenty-

eighth year of the Essex Farmers'

Club, the organization having‘been

perfected on October 15, 1887. The

writer, having attended nearly all of

the meetings held, during these years,

feels that he can speak of the real

and valuable results derivable from a.

well conducted Farmers’ Club.



In the absence of the president, Mr.

George J. Jewett was called to the

chair. Following the usual opening

exercises, the subject of “Our County

Fair,” recently held at St. Johns, was

taken up, the discussion being opened

by Mr. N. S. Foss, followed by several

other members. The discussion show-

ed a general approval of the fair and

its management, with the suggesti n

that greater inducements be offe

the farmers, to present the best of

their farm products, and this, though

less, need, thereby to be given for the

speed contests. Realizing the need

and pripriety of suitable recreation

and amusements at the fair, the

thought was emphasized that much

care and wise discretion should be

used in their selection, lest harmful

influences result. The social feature

of the fair was regarded as one .of its

valuable assets.



The next number, “Dinner with So-

ciability,” was enjoyed, and to the

“full.’.’, Vocal music by the Club 0 -

ened the afternoon program, roll cal

followed. A very interesting and in-





 





structive portion of the re ram 1



followed, being the subliectg: “Exltgllilti

sion Work in Home Economics,” pre-

sented by Miss Raven, of M. A. .

Among the many valuable thoughts

presented by Miss Raven, we caught

the following: “No woman makes a.

success, unless she knows why she is

domg as she does. She must have

system in her work, and should have

the co-operation of every member of

the family. Home-making is a profes-

sion. The kitchen should be conven-





ient and pleasant, as much time is-





necessarily passed therein. 'Have the

meals on time and every member of

the family present. The husband

should see that his wife is provided

Wlth. conveniences equal to those he

prov1des for himself in farm work.

Provide all needed conveniences be-

fore buying the automobile. Do not

makefithe kitchen a “catch-all,” but

keep it orderly and tidy. Do not wor-

ry over unaccomplished tasks.” An

animated discussion followed the

reading of the paper, in which ques-

tions were asked and helpfully an-

swered. A vote of thanks was extend-

ed to Miss Raven for her very help-

ful contribution to the day’s benefits.





The several committees appointed '





rendered the awards due the success-

ful exhibitors at the Club fair. An

instrumental solo, by Mrs. Ray Foss

was enjoyed and a second number re-

sponded to. Among the visitors pres-

ent were several members of the

Greenbush Farmers Club, one of the

enthusiastic Clubs recently organized.

The Essex Club holds its meetings on

the fourth Wednesday of the month.

—J. T. Daniells, Cor. Sec.





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





 





Pioneer Reminiscences.-——At the Oc-

tober meeting of the North Shade

Farmers’ Club, of Gratiot county,

which was held at one of the pioneer

homes of the county, as noted in this

column of the last issue, pioneer rem-

iniscences were a prominent feature

of the program. The first was I. Mc-

Call, who settled in the township in

1865. Emory Dobson followed. He

said that he was born in North Shade

58 years ago. His father located in

the township in 1854, and bought 200

acres of land for 50 cents an acre,

and he now resided on the old farm.

Spencer Walker was next called on

and related that his family located in

this vicinity in 1854 and in those early

days when there was more truth than

poetry in the term “Starving Gratiot.”

The family upon settling in" North

Shade lived near where the Chick

schoolhouse stands, and moved into

a new log house before it had been

chinked. There were 11 in the fam-

ily. Mr. \Valker related an incident

of a little Chick girl getting lost while

going 40 rods to what was then

known as the Comstock place, but

now is the Kipp farm. She was found

several hours later fast asleep by the

side of a tree by Ben Roup and his

dog. In concluding, he said that the

pioneers had lived to see North Shade

developed to the equal of any town-

ship in the state. Mrs. F. Salisbury

gave some interesting reminiscences.

She began by speaking of the rapidity

with which history is being made at

the present time. Thought that it was

a fine thing for early history to be

preserved and some means should be

taken to do this. She said that her

old home was located about one and

one-half miles from the Todd farm on

what is now the Mertz place. Related

the experience of going a distance of

five miles to church with an ox team,

also of attending singing school under

difficulties. James Stonebrook spoke

of the difficulty of traveling on foot

through the mud and water which

covered the roads. He mentioned that

his father came in with eight head of

cattle, and their first house was con-

sidered pretty fine, being built of

boards, although but 16x24 in size.

Neighbors were usually some distance

apart, yet they were very neighborly

in every way and always ready to

help one another. His father thought

nothing of walking to Matherton as

their post ofiice, or to Ithaca, the lat-

ter being a distance of 15 miles. He

also spOke of the privations of the

early days. Money was a pretty

scarce article, he often going for six

months without seeing a penny in

cash. Daniel Speece was the last of

the pioneers who was called upon. He

said that he came to this section in

1861, when it was not possible to see

a distance of 40 rods on account of

the timber. Boys began to work then

when they were seven, eight and ten

years old. He plowed at the age of

12. Spoke of the difficulties that the

oxen often made, and referred to the

trouble it made when they turned

their yokes. Recalled the pleasant

time of twenty going in a sleigh ten

miles to a Christmas tree.

nothing of walking five or six miles

to a dance or to church. He also

compared modern cooking conven-

iences to pioneer days when “johnny

cake” was made with meal and water

and baked in a. kettle in an open fire

pace. « _





Thought ,
r





Nov. 14, 1914.





(Continued from page 441). film

use of turkey as food and it retailsat

certain seasons of the your at priced—fl

considerably out of proportion to its

economic value, compared with other-l

poultry meats.



Poultry Can be Raised on a City Let.

There is one very distinct advan-

tage which poultry, particularly chick-

ens, as a food, has over other forms

of meat. This is the accessibility of

the product because of its very do-

mestic nature and the ease with which

poultry may be kept and developedon

a small farm, or even on a city lot. In

the smaller communities particularly

where people have lots from one- -half,

acre upwards, it is quite possible and:

fairly common, to raise chickens, and

frequently it is possible to keep them

Without the purchase of very much.

food material, but to keep them large-

ly upon the refuse of the table supply.

Undoubtedly, under such conditions





poultry are exceedingly economical in ,,





the diet. contributing fresh eggs,

fresh meat, at what is probably a?

very low cost. |

ple have a variety in meat food prov

ducts which it would not be possible;

for them to have in any other way»

Other domestic animals used for food

cannot be grown and developed under

any such conditions. This undoubt-

edly explains the enormous quantities

of poultly which are kept and much

of it on small farms and village lots. .





Poultry Becoming Popular. ?

The last few years have seen 11"“

greatly increased production of this

class of food but in spite of this the

price has quite steadily advanced,

which means, in part at least, that the:

public are coming to a greater reali-

zation of the value of this class of

meat products and may mean at the.

same time that farmers and poultry-3

men are beginning to realize the need

for greater care in the growing, feed:

ing and marketing of this important

farm asset.





 





CISTERN TROUBLE.





 





Soften Water with Cooking Soda.



If your-correspondent who inquired

for something to soften the water in‘.

a new cistern will empty a pound

package of common cooking soda into

his cistern he will have no more trou?

ble. We cemented ours last spring

and the mason told us to use soda.

We did, and the water is very soft as

a result—Mrs. G. W. Howden. Oak:





In this way My Deo'i,





.117.50lbs. in30da s.





’ or money ”funded. Johann Isms, Oak rm. Mic

‘ Ila-1a:9d -Lat Head Elms—I no bland Ho





’Bml bite. on oeksoldJa





THE MICHIGAN

IE Rsnys—YEARJLgEO gill-Ebl‘llfiAlfivl‘Z’I-OR





EBB hflLE“ EEEMNB SIEEIIS 33.33351391159213-

w-rmem -





Ono]!

“mil.





lll NELSTEIN Bfllls





HIGH 1 1'3 YEARS fill!





TenBullealves, two to ten months old,”

Ten cows, Your Choice from my entire

herd. Don’t let anybody make you

believe he can sell you a better bull for

lea monoythwnIcan. Don’ t My tho

purchasooibull until the other iollow

gals the one you want. Write me or

come at once.

I... E. CONNELL, Fayette. Ohio.





 





 





 





CATTLE





 





Chic-so. ninetaen

lmlls were 301(13th average of 31. "750 each.

Leaving out the record breaking «once-calf

the remaining eighteen bulls broughtnn aver-

aged 87.55 each. Pretty good evidence ior

you to considm.





Semi for FREE Illustrated Descriptive Booklet.





The lush-fitslan Assoclalloa .ol herlca,

”Box 1.4. Bram-o. Vt.





“Top-Notch” Holsteins.





Widoiao negro-l1 bul.l fitmmmt 1913.

D11 m‘has ofionl record of .29. 30 lbs. butter in l days. 1



Sire' s dam isa22. 641b, Ayn-old

Horde 39





lb.

ERSON FARMS 00.. Howell. m





Holst platoin-Friesian Cattle. You bulls mady for'

servioeout of 11.11.11. cows. Bari aamnguaranteod





 





 





 





 





doll





 





 





afield mm

(1.11m Linohred'Pontlao Korn v.ke‘llllh 3- yr.

dam. gal-viola! Isa-{50¢ $5. timid-ah, Madmen.





l"

delivered with allm e rs, safe arrival ygunran'teed.

3'5 value. I’. FA‘I. lawn. Midis-n.





Wn-fiimn Breeder ,Thm,’ “hilt. £2335





mounted. 13.1). AI'I‘KEN. Flint. “talisman.





 





FOR SALE





Ready for light service from a 30-111 sire,





HOLSTEIN BULLS





7 SllBOl’Slll





Possum mm ens—“m





"ARMER





“Ia-.1121Lh1 mm





 





Elma-Mo





“mm —Dair1'





Say. Cal “1. ”run mode!" Ash" MM





Hilton. 3...”.

bulbs-d. mediu‘ookdl





 





 





h

It'll: mnunuamwmmwrhm

MW mammm





'“ a“. “A m? for nle. I .





ma—for-leattamrsuloea. c. W.Cr11m.'_

lad.





33—443





_ no lot of last spring boar"

oil of this fall pi s. either sex, 110"

oflmwfllhmammnloin an. 36th west

otDo’ot. momma. m )m .





ready tor service Alan spring

cilia. stod Win laGoshen Ind.

I. W. MANN. m. IIc'h icon.





0 I c. melee fliltso for aprlng Farrow. Not bred

- mMay‘igslli ioomrvioeable boars the long

INV DUBAI"! Grass Lake. Mi ch.





 





 





' o. I. G's—Fin fall pigs either sex. service





arante

IGAN.





Satisfaction





A. n. GRAHAM. FLINT. MIC





 





 





 





 





am: and Ewes from the first prize flocks of Cotswold:

Luca-tern, Lincolns and Oxford Ibwns; two years old rum

ad owes; yearling ram and

an unbeaten this year. Barry Like-11111111, Cass City. Mich.





wilt“ ”mill?“





WNW ism.





 





1". L. BmAW Elsie. Wu.





1111 1111111: 1 mm Tam an... M





Type. )





 





 





M. F. amt. Lennon. Michigan.





 





XFORD Don Ram and Ewe Lambs. and Re.

Berklaino‘n o'mxither Price (1 tom

one 511 3 nos: 11111111 . n. 1. Wm woman;





 

   

 

   

   





fl' fAYS 1'0 BUY PU

PMS d “‘9 M."





 





cenhug wi'ler‘3 1.31m 11' Md d mfice‘list.

0 or an

Oxfords, Shi’itopsl‘lirrgs and'Polled- laines.





AMGrandLedge. Mich. 81.





 





Ski-low“ Y“ and Ram Lambs. large frames.

and Huston E’KnAlSO 0. I. . swine.

G. r. ANDREWS. sville. Michigan.





also





breeding ewes 07' Bo

a“DWELL.





lamb rams. HER BERTE.





 





aidlotookram,$mh.181mbsm 8') All

choice. S. KENFIELD. Augusta. Michigan.





APLESHADE FARIVIreed SHROPSHIRES. Ram

Lambs of Choice rgafiding. Ewes all sold.

W. P. P‘ULLING arms. Mich! can.





 





 





RES—Young tame and ewes of good

qualit. sired by imported ma,

Prices right. WILLISS. M DE, 11.3





 





* landing Slnnpslfiro llam at prices lhal are riglIl.





W. E. MORRISH. Flushing. Michigan.





 





F. MILLER, Flint. Mlchltan.





SWINE was All) [US Hill SALE

DAN HOOKER. R. No. 1, Marion. Michigan.

am SHROPSHIRE-es.111.2213;





HARRY POTTER. B. No. ‘5. Davlson, Michigan.





 





 





 





rich in the blood u! mm“ De Kfl. Fae“





imawznhmmormmm





DWI. “m

LEW 13. Marshall. Mich.





HATCH HERD





ED. ‘-





 





a 8 «131.25 ‘31!“ '1“... A



pe Iguassu-a pan 3 m m

oonto! M10! agree Hana-est domain. Sin-ail

(“motions biwdigreo has. “A. I. 0.





Prices]. 0

own sensation at. A Inna.





F’





 





land Co.



In Practical Science Department of:

October 3 issue. in reply to E. 8., of

Traverse City, regarding hard water

in a. new cement cistern. you say that

the cistern should be painted inside

with waterproof paint to keep the war:

tersoft. YoucansaveE. ..S alot at

trouble by the information that all'

cement cisterns make the water of

the first fiilling “hard. if the first

filling is pumped out there will be no.

subsequent trouble. This knowledge'

will save a lot of useless bother.



St. Joseph (10. D. W. HERMAN.





 





According to figures furnished by 40

mill: dealers to the Department of Ag-}

riculture, a milk bottle will last for

from six to 50 trips, the average 1113-“

mg 22% trips. If a milk dealer (let

livers 10,000 bottles a day and they

cost him 3% cents, his daily expense,

for bottles. at this rate, would be

$15.55. or $5575.75 a year. These bot-

tles are not all lost or broken, many;

of them merely stray. Some get into.

the hands of other dealers and some

are dumped into. the ash barrel by

persons ignorant of their value. In,





 





one of the large cities, one million.‘ M





five hundred thousand bottles were

secured from the oily dumpa during

three years by a milk-bottle clearing

house.





 





During the months of September

and October, the nations now at war

in Europe have spent $250 000 000 in

the United States.





 





sinner

Teoumse Michigan, I". D. No. 2, oral“:—

HA Ton HERD. YPHILANTL 11111111111111.





mm use “01 Tfllllllli soon





I.

of ma Grade Lists and

prices upon application.





“1"“ F‘md Bull 575 $031,011“Dd one with all 31er





0. 0. RAMON 211.1. no. pails-1‘71.

1.3m 10:105.





W llfaN hr “25 bud’BI-‘g'l‘gtglllli eifers. crated





Lab. OHAS. fillLEY. R. 3‘11.me Mich.





Lillie l-‘amslcad Jerseys





Bulls needy [or movies. several from Register of

lei-it (lows. Four bred heifers. good ones. Herd

Taboronlinhos hosted. a lemon





90W 0. LILLIB. Coopemule. Michigan.





THE WILDWOO'D HERD





EOISTBRED JERSEYS. Herd headed by Mahaty'e

R)” M90711 For isles d-sanoffloyad

and 13‘ 02 noon on“ {1:06.309de r509 1b..



huma- w«Iowan. mm. 1111; 1911mm.” can

or come and can. ALVIN BALD“, Oapao, ioh.





CHIGA AN

olsltoln Cattle.





 





 





 





 





W5 S’HROPS-Wa ofiar fl extra yearling

m a EZ-i'r-dd atookran

ma. olandifiomfi. R. Q. AnnArbor. Mich





{1008.





Whetedffolms to‘ibeHb bred .6

next spring arm as. piss

out m n. B. nnAVEY. Akron. lmcugm.





(bios nth; boars and slits.

to more PM

Ibex. 151.1110:st 00x rams.“ All-loot. nun.





 





 





era, $258

I). ‘F. N’XLENTINtE. Sup' 1'... cTemperance. Michigan.





~'—Rog. Berkshim Bean ready for aarvioes

Borhh'": also sprinn his! either sex at ilarmer.





prices. White Oaklamli. No.4. BrownOity. Mich.





 





A. A. PATTULID. rill “0. Michigan





i-Alynhingrnal. Rel. Cinder White $111.11. 10 weeks

oldéfiga 310. Reg. Holstein Herd Bull cheap.

B. PABHAM1Bronoon. Michigan.





"ESTER WHITES. August find SQtamber pigs. from

‘ siren as-Ohicksssw Bud. Wet. Bruison Kim. Acetiifica‘e





 





' of registry withraach gig. John Gintligé Bronson. Mlchxgan.





AMPSHIRE Swine-Booed stock d all

from mostpo ulnr strains. rite for breedi

Inspection in floyd Mun. I. I. Decatur





AMPSHIEE SWEE’WMB youngstock for fall breeding,

both sen, prices reasonable. Went \\ ind Farm. Pontiac,

Midi. E. f. 111111101111. Owner. N. A. 11115121. Manager.





0 I C Swine—{wok boas-.13» 3ud5monflu

NM Hinge from good thrifty stock.

Prices reasonable. N. WEBER. Royal Oak. Mich.





a. c —Bnod rows and spring pins. large and growthy.

Pure and tries. not akin. Write your wants.

GLENWOOD STOCK FARM. Iceland. Mich.





 





 





“1191’s 011.19.132.11» we“?

1. 3.0551110” ' ,Hartlaermfidngan' .5





Jerseys. Bulls ready for service. em quality sired:

“Dan No from Irish

producing dams. BMHH&“ PARKER. Howell. Mich.





For 83]. mapmfg.§g%xa_ later of Merit





of It. Lambert breeding. Alan cows with

Mo: Iota- 8 Ideal-1. m





frovawoholns “With .

Jmey BUNSIW sale testing Asso. records. also on

semi-official test. 0.1? .Wehner. R. 6, Allegan, Mich.





NOW IN SERVICE? 3M$.§flrfi:l





GREGORY 85 ROBBINS? Howell. Michigan.



APLIIm Wall]! Miler-1H rd— -

beralluta“ h Ml. Gallons-int. e 02.31:

inter of Merit cows, Boise bulls. bull calves and





h or calves. [dem

inflict: pedicm mm FOX. All... Iii...





 





 





 





 





 





 





‘JERSEYSI 4" I” “£31125





m A. F. m. Deal ..J (l. .mw

errand Rapids, Mich. If a breeder and a member

M. J. JO. 0. send list of stock for sale to the above.





BUTTER BRED ”metres“





 





[sirloin-l





. 0.1.0. Swine”s°",;.°° W13.» “32°52?

m





 





a 1 c’s—For 12 years I have been breeding Big Typeo. l. P.

m and 110w 11m 00920! the boat Biz Type herds



.in the land. quality considered. Herd boar. Lengthy Prince

110.3161.de 100.10.1313", I mm. bola: in breeding

oomfifion“i tW‘lfib Monarch No. 42058. vol. 16.0 l. C. record.

Dans of mi m and [with-1111:



l'rlcesro-mabla. Will ahip C (1D.

STOCK F1“. 1. Na. 1. Marie‘s Michigan.





0 5' e il and May pin: the



' ' Id M always makes and



LIIUEL NIO 0L8. KFJ). No. 2. Lowrance. h.



0 l C ——0hoiloe spring boat-of March Ind

Prices right.



JOIN mm





.30

she]: tor sale at all time.

MATS





 





0 Ar furrow.

IkRN Grand Ledge. Mlohmn.





‘<O





mar-oath: viii me honorefthay are sold. Ge

meson pair! and trio-o agent float. far-cow.

A (BORDE EN R. Nfo.‘ 1.D.('I'. Michigan.





9.. 11.0. and them While Swine.





 





Wow. lib 3-! I; lit. also first

it“. we won twain fl



$31309. five seconds and all Champions. We have over



1 ck is shipped





pigs on hand of ovogo «web

on their own merits



STOCK FARM R. No 2. Cass City. Michigan.



9 —.Sprlng pigs. airs and tries. no.



0. I. CS Ffrom giants fair winners.





 





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FA nu.

var Crook. Alla om County. mm





 





AVONDALE STOCK. Wane. mo





be. extol-sax Some of those ’





ms-IHBOPBHIRES OXFORDS AND‘

HAMPSHIRE ‘8. Good mans





wall _

woolen! fallow- mady for!“ business. pep ed to you '

tthat fail? if so write.





WWEm. 8. K. HANDE38.Asl1tabnla. Ohio .





gfixiorddownlmrlingundllamhmbs'





 

   





rumor.





[MBSIDE FARR: ohm afifteen choice recorded;

earlinx and‘





3,,Lapoer Mich.





bulky Campbell. alsoi





11111101 11111 mos-5;» mu .....,_





_ G

BERKSHIRES 8°“ MOh‘l‘S"... $5.32.???





' Prices right. 0





0 J! C9 —I.arge bonedshipped oanp oval. ’

a ' o s WEN!) not akin, register-e free.

J. W. H0 Elam. M Icon.





1





' DUROC 1101115 Far Sale, panes,





8NDNINOBNS: B lllllllllf lflflNE BULLS FOR SALE 0. l. C’s—3:?“°ffg‘§€ g°;’§,gigghu§?811§’2:g§?,ggg'

W. W. P. Heidi. Elohim n. G. P. ANDREWS. Bansvllle. Michigan.

——1 od , .

SHEEP- 0- E. Co c‘ligfce 22:? £38 mgifibzigd 83:. very

C. .J. THOMPSON, Rockford. Michigan.





 





'Duroc Jersey Boars





From Prize—Winning Stock.

Write. or better still, come.





Brookwaler Farm, A1111 Arbor Mlct.,ll.F.n.l.





 





nun 1511111 111: m “Lg—m. 1.... "112°C JERSEYS 8mm Pinsrorsae





CAREY U. EDMONDS.





 





right

I'm l’.





about 175 lbs.‘





AfirilR & May farmw 95 while they last.

{1.0. KEESLE .R. No.





5. Cat-mils. Mich .





 





—25 ohms boars. some fine March gi Its

0"“ “”0180 and a few b cows for October





furrow. TA YLOR. Milan. Michigan.





 





f 33300 JEflflrfifl’.’£.f?pfll‘ filamzfii‘i‘gi‘l‘é‘é’.





' BERT SWEET, R. R. No. 1, Hudsonvllle. Mich.





 





am.” neither aex. Also Holstein

—bul calf. and Indian Runner Drakes

”reasonable prices. E. H 11.031118 Monroe. Mich





ANONN EL SIOBK Fill]... “a" ”gm Jami vie:





 





 





: prices.





: We have a

‘ nice lot of

Rama =





_ Paw Paw. - -





BRILL. mfiowoll. Mini-11911.1





W303 JERSEYS—3&1. .33.“ ”1‘33 231%???"





W. J. BAUMAN. Burr 08k. newton.





91111111: Jansen-mas?" “1*" as a





 





 





onla Midi. STmWH~MI h“ Far-LIL! Starkerdldioh.





2 THOROUGHBRED SHRO‘P. ”$1215.23." W 51m”





 





—Foroalo. of the heavy bonodtypo.

A few choice hours and hill pigs.

M. A. BEAY. 20km Imam 00. Michigan





D’UROC JERSEYS—85 buoy hours and gilt: of popular

blood lines, good individual quality. Special prices for

3031 MchCOLL. ‘Sta. A. R. A, Bay City, Michigan.





 





30 days.





POLAND GNINAS





The Long a Prolific Kind





SPRING BOANS





At Farmers’ Prices.

ALLEN BROS

MichLan.





Willi! Wills—335;?“ ”Jiffiamr 1......

L. W. BARNES & SON Byron. Michigan.





 





 





. um 1m P. 1.11.12." 12:. assess 13:





bred mm. W. J. HAGELBEAW. Augusta. Mich.

Big. Type Poland China Bears and Gilt: My of



use and great quality. I know I can ease you,

ROBERT MARTIN. R. F. D. No. 7. WE- Mich





 





 





‘ —One extra good fall yurlln

firm P'6-11r1d theb best lot of spring boar:

tmlnrgelittersnl‘thebeuthreeding; 990113 fnmwin

88plgs. 0. SWARTZ. Schooicraft, Michigan.





 





POLAND tlllll aomstsflmiflléras:





right. G. W. HOL’lON. LKnlamnzomMich.





Iii “PE POLAND UNI-Nil for Sale“ "12333122





by that great 1000 lb. boar. Hillorest Wone They

mains great. brood some. Home also some splendid fall

pigs. HILLOBEST FARM Kalamazoo. Hickman.





——M h d A l f now 1

Pelad “In! “:8 1.131295%”? {3119 101115133





 





 





 





boar. H. H. 00.11MB LL Lansing. Michigan.

f0“ SAL -A choice bunch of Poland Okinas. all

over fifty head to choose from.





YDE FISHER. St. Louis. Mich.





 





-' ' —A.pr.ila (1 So t f

. For Silo, PM“ Chm PIE. either ILei: p8l1?;;?1lvg

! point. Carson city. A. 0. Bhlnabargar. Crystal, Mich





 





- the big type. March and A rll

rah” chinasof furrow. Tho kind that pleasegur

customers. A. A. WOOD & SON. Saline. M1011.





 





,Poland Chums. either sex. all ages. Somethinggood





at a low price. Ba





ninsi boarsrad -

.LONGR 1.1 e yfor ser





vice. "RD D98, Grand Rapids, Mich.





 





,' Plum Creek Stock Farm now (flier choice hoary boned Duroo





Jersey Boers ready for service. Fall 1gs 1111: not okm.

Also Slums Balms. l'. J. Drodt. R. p .lylonoe. Mich.

HEFARMEBB' HOG. -—Butler's Big Boned Pooliiio

Poland Ohinno grow bigflkeo easy, mature early.

ready for market at 6 months. am we vo

red 1316111 that way for more than so years. 50 hi 3

boned. long bodied. high clmhoars at Iarmers' prices.

Buyoneand automate yg.ournos P..O

History Free. J. O. BUT LER, Portland. Michigan.





“BEE TYPE P-c-—li.‘13.oui1'éxnlmri Fall vindmall



by the largest boar in the U. 8.. walla?“ . 24



monthsold. Come ”on see. Ex pause- H if not 1111



represented. W. E. LIVINGSTON, arma, Mich.

ARGE SIYL‘E POLAND CHINA SPRING



L PIGS GS. Dairy Breedb bomber-11311 ”can?“ fion‘f‘d



Bunk Lambs. Prices ngkt. 8MB“ Nova. Ear-son. liah.





BIG TYPE POLAND ClllNAS‘El‘h'y “l3





new homes. They are maker's and inner .

WM. WAFFLE. Goldwater. Michigan.





mm elm tend

Mule F0018“ pigs. not related. for sale. m

faction guaranteed. G. C. KREG GLOW. Ada. Ohio





. ' ' --We have some nice M l

lulkshln swme sexes. Write for (1.233% ptlsgnbdfild

pnoes OST'RAN'DER BROS” Morley. lchigan.





YORKSHIRES





The 13.11.1191. prolmcklnd Glltsbraih

October furrow. A ohoioelol: Mo!

wring boars “360g“. Prices reasonable.

W C. . R. 42., Ada. Michigan.





.l‘illie Farmstead Yorkshire:





0 n slits and gilts bred for September furrow.

8p I? Figs neither sex. pairs and trio: not akin.

Bails no ion guaranteed.





 





COLON c. LILLIB. Coopenvllle. Michigan.





\
m—m—Y





0116’ ”firm—Eckflo/





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t





.\ “l,“

will“ 3





,’ All),





\ “X “N





‘





" t '40)»);

g’g





. \, 7 W l‘ ‘ ‘ l

[r x >l/j/M L12” nym/Iy’” \\

Jr ‘ ’ Jldjl [1,...

- 7 ’9" f"~ -

,/ I Q

/ /





‘ Take Chances





A single worm-sick hog is liable to infect your whole herd. You know that

wormy hogs have little vitality and so are easier victims of cholera and swine plague.



That scrawny, worm-sick hog —— the one with the rough coat, white eyes and

harsh cough, is a positive danger to all the rest in your herd. Take no chances.

Feed SAL-VET;—be assured your hogs are free from’these dangerous pests and

much less liable to fatal diseases. Let me feed them 60 days on SAL-VET at my risk—

let me prove the value of this Wonderful worm destroyer and conditioner. Let me prove

that you can’t afford to be without it. If it fails to do what I claim, it won’t cost you a

a cent. Thousands have found it so profitable to feed SAL-VET that they feel they cannot.

afford to be without it. The hog that is wormy usually eats more than it can digest, is ravenous,

ill-natured—ediscontented and unthrifty. It is a profit-eater instead of a profit-maker.





 





     

 





   





7'"





 

 





. l a; R. F9110

Presldento theB.R.

Fell 00.. is 9. Register-

ed Pharmacist. a. grad-

_.- note of the Cleveland

School of Pharmacy and

the National Institute

, or Phat-mac . He has

" been engage in labor-

ettory work for more





   

   





 

 

   





 





 





 

   

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 





\\

\\





winter. I feel that I would , ' ~. \ . \\ ' '

have lost many of them With- \ - _ " § \§\\\ . .....

out it. It is the best stuff I ‘ \ \ \ ‘ .I



ever fed to hogs.” \\ ' k ; ‘ . _





C. E. DINUIS,

Rt. 1, Tecumseh, Mich.





Sal-Vet Stopped His Losses.

"I had a bunch of register-

ed sheep that were dying.

commenced feeding SAL-

VET to them, since which

time I have lost only two. I

also had about two thousand

head of western sheep, to

which the SAL-VET was fed.

They all came through in





 

 





The Great -

Worm Destroyer Conditioner





good sham” Is not a food; it is the medicated salt which contains no antimony

w. R. HAMLIN, ——wh1ch nds all stock of stomach and intestinal worms—aids

Ham!” M‘Ch' digestion—allowing animals to get the utmost good of rations



9‘“ H" “333,? Fine °°"' fed, instead of having the feed absorbed by myriads of these

“Have tried several difier- parasites. I want you to .try SAL-VET on your own stock—1n

gfit $511336: of}? ggyggggszss’ your own ham-yard at my risk—I want to prove to you that your hogs

SALVET, Some Ofmy horses wfll gain faster on no more feed—look better, act better, and be in

bad worms. but SALVET healthier condition, less liable to disease and sell better. Get a Supply





has expelled them and put

the horses in fine condition, from Your Dealer Taday and-





and now their coats are sleek





and glfislgiit'i’tAN RUSCH, save Freight charges





Rt. 1, Hawk , M' h. . _ ’ .



S w I Don’t let anyone induce you to try “Sal” this or “Sal’ that, nor anything



:11: s. : 1:51:07: ' ' ' ' “just as good.” Get original, genuine SAL-VET—the medlcated salt



,, min. in 11-14.14 " Cleveland, am that is endorsed by Agricultural Colleges and most prominent breeders

Ship me enough SALVETto last my stqckfiodays I and live stock authorities. It costs no more than substi-



4!, , look for This Label





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





I '1] th f ht h h t ves, . .

towi'le ”Eyresiiéeilgmmitfiifaivdfi‘s lancalralt macatgirnig I tutes, is guaranteed to rid your stock of worms, or money





pay "’“f’t‘ms What ’°“ “13"“ If “”5 “°"y°“ back. It is never sold by wagon-men or peddlers, but





 

   





   





 

 





 





 





 

 





 





 

 





 





 





 





   





     





 





 





 





   





 





 





   





are to cancel the charge. I

. t f “SAL-VET k .



Name .................................................. I only by reputable dealers. If m" dealer “m1“ “upfq‘y (tea: $19? gefieceivea by ififaégfii.

. ou—fill out the coupon an send at once. Send 0 r—vm: Don’t buy “Sal” this or “Sal"



P. O .................................................... I oney, “zfm— 931.9%?" original genuine

ShippingStation ..... . ............................... I ’ SIDNEY R. FE|L’ Pres, ‘0 ”as

State .................................................. I - - PRICES 53322333 ‘ -‘ 3 83%

N b fShee H I H I “I FE'L co“ "fgl IIGIIIISIS 3331.033 i : I 3:93

um er 0 p ................ ogs ................ I ‘ . ”from allavlgrvoddlem nor my“: oilyégiwo

cam. ............................ Home. .............. I. Dept- MF _ CLEVELAND. OHIO ... mammogram txrmswaafal





Alba. for each home or head of cattle.“ near u 90*

liable without breaking regal-ruined peeks; ‘ ,





 

 





No orders filled for less than 40 lbs. on tnls 60 day trial ofler. 9.





Send Coupon Only if there be noSoI-Vet Dealer in Town





 





   





 





 





 





 





y-.- --