. «‘7‘





 





 





 





 





rThe Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and LiVe Stock Journal in the State.





 





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HEB I843-





 





vOL. emu. 'No. 22.

Whole Number 381].





Peppermint and its





HE peppermint oil of the world is pro-

duced on the muck land in South-

western Michigan and in a few coun-



ties in Northern Indiana, with some ’mint

farms in Eaton, Muskegon and Saginaw

counties, not including Japanese oil, which

is used mostly for its menthol and which

is not a true peppermint. The total yearly

product, exclusive of the Japanese, is es-

timated at abOut 450,000 pounds avoidu—

pois, by‘which it is bought and sold. There

are'two distinct varieties, the American

and English, or “Mitchem.” The English

has almost wholly superseded the Ameri-

can, being better adapted to ' our soil and

climate, and favored by the trade. It is

also hardier and a better yielder. On

many farms the' two varieties are mixed

to; the detriment of the grower, so it is not

always easy to get pure English roots for

setting, which is of prime importance.

The ideal farm is one having both high

land and muck land, which is a distinct

advantage on account of the rotation and

putting humus in the soil from the pro-

ducts of the muck, which is long on humus,

being practically all decayed vegetable

matter. Some muck has a varying content

of sand, or clay, or both. Most mint

farms are all muck and no way has been

found to restore fertil-





DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, NOV. 28, 1914.





 





 





50 CENTS A YEAR.

$2 FOR 5 YEARS.





Relation to Soil Building.





pile. Plowed under as straw it puts more

humus in the ground than anything else at

one application. In the writer’s personal

observation mint charges from the still

have been spread on thin, light land to dry

for hay, the same ground being used two

or three times the same season, and when

plowed after such use for two seasons the

ground looked like prairie, and responded

with bounteous crops for several years.



Idle horses winter in good condition on

mint hay alone. It is just laxative enough

to keep the digestive tract in fine condi-

tion. It is fairly good feed for cattle and

is ideal for sheep. The hay is easily and

quickly “made” by spieading the “spent”

plant direct from the still, on some thin

land, and when dry, curing in big cocks.

It should be handled with slings.



There is wide variation in the yield of

oil per acre, say 20 to 60 pounds, with

sometimes a second cutting the same sea-

son of six to 20 pounds.



Muck, to pay out for mint or any Crop,

must be thoroughly drained and subdued

at the start. Unless springy, small open

ditches are best and cheapest. Springy

places should be tapped by underdrains.

Summer fallowing is practiced to subdue

after plowing, using a disc, without lap-

ping, and a pole drag





 





ity to them only by the

use of fertilizers. Muck

responds quickly and

profitably to commer-

cial fertilizers on ac-

count of its humus and

moisture, which rises

by capillary attraction.

Large crops of mint

can be grown for many

years in succession on

the same ground by the

proper use of commer-

cial fertilizers.





The mint plant, after

the oil is removed,

makes good feed for

stock and gives as

much feeding product

per acre as ordinary

meadows, makes good

bedding for stock and

has greater absorbent

qualities than any hay ‘

or straw. It is simply L;

ideal in the manure





 





 





 





Feed or Fertilizer.





alternately, thereby kill-

ing six to eight crops

of weeds during the

season if plowed in the

spring.



No extra equipment

is needed to grow mint

except a still—a small

co—operative still in a

neighborhood, with ca

pacity to handle about

100 acres, easily solves

the matter at small in-

dividual expense.





Don’t rush into mint

raising. Just grow into

it easily and cheaply.

Get four or five sacks

of fine English roots,

the best money will

buy. The next spring





 





the roots from them

will set an acre or

more. During the sea-





son prepare your land

and the following April





 





 





A Gang 0? Men PlantingiPeppe‘rr’niht on one ofrthe Big Mint Farms-of Southern





.mr.





 





Michigan where Mint Growing is Most Highly Developed.
470—2 ,





set your mint. An acre of good roots

will set 10 to 15 acres. Build your

still and you are launched in the busi«

ness.



Mint is set in shallow furrowsmade

with a marker three to three and one-

half feet apart, throwing the roots

from a sack carried over the shoulder.

They should lie in a continuous string,

one to two roots in a place. Cover the

roots lightly with the feet as you pro-

ceed. The planting can never be done

too early—April planting is best, the

twentieth of April is the ideal date.

Give the plants shallow, level cultiva-

tion and hoe twice. Let no weeds go

to seed. This is important. Why?

You grow mint on this field without

replanting for several years. Each

year, in October, you plow under,

about five inches deep, all the mint on

the farm except what spring planting

you will need for planting stock the

ensuing spring. ,This plowed under

mint is worked with a harrow only

the next spring and early summer, to

kill out half to two-thirds of the

growth, else it will grow too thick,

keeping out the sun and air and thus

lessening the yield of oil.



Mint, after the first season, or old

mint, is harvested from the middle of

July to the middle of August. First

crop, or new mint, is harvested from

August 10 to September 5. New mint

is usually cut with scythes. Old mint

with mower and horse rake. The bet-





 





THE MICHIGANt FARMER





ter mint is cured before stilling, the

better is the hay. It must be cured

without breaking or losing the leaves.

The oil is in little sacks on the under

side of the leaf, so the theory is to

get a prolific growth of large thick

leaves.



Mint has few insect enemies, will

stand quite severe frosts, especially in

the spring, will thrive in a wet season

and defies drouth. In fact it gives

best results in dry seasons. Under

proper conditions I have never known

a failure in the mint crop in 22 years.

It can be stored in small compass and

held indefinitely. It is harvested at a

time when other farm work is not

pressing.



Now, if you cannot grow mint put

your muck in shape to grow other

crops. DOn’t be satisfied with a bush

pasture and a little “Sauger grass.”

You can make an acre produce twice

as much pasture which will have nu-

trition in it. You can grow corn, po-

tatoes and hay if not in a position to

grow intensive crops, like celery and

onions. It is an asset you cannot neg-

lect, even if it takes labor and money

to redeem it.





Van Buren Co. D. W. BRODHEAD.





 





This is the fourth of the 52 special

articles to be published-in consecutive

issues of the Michigan Farmer. In

the next issue will appear the first

special article on “Organization for

Community Welfare ” -





lllllllllllillIlilllllllilIlllllllllllllllllllllflllllllllllllllllIHIIHHII|llllml||HI|IIIiillIlliIllllIIIIIIII|Ill|ll!|ll||Illllllllllllllllllllllllll||||IIHHHIllillllllIiIlllllllll|llllll||illlllIlllllllIIlllllllillllllilllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllll





The Ice House for Farm Use.





 





N expensive structure with dou-

ble walls, double doors, costly

foundation, or an underground

structure is not necessary in order to

keep ice through the summer months.

Of course, if one can afford and pre-

fers it, a neat, attractive and expen-

sive Structure is all right. Three





things are essential to the safe-keep-





ing of ice. These are bottom drains

age to carry off water Without admit-

ting air, top ventilation to permit

moisture from escaping, and third,

surrounding the ice on every side

with a non-conducting material. All

these conditions can be met in a

cheap made—over shed, if nothing else

is available.



If it is necessary to build an entire-

ly new building one need not invest

much money for a cheap but effective

house can be made with single walls,

using one-inch boards and covering

the cracks with strips. This requires

no framework except sill of 6x6 inch

material, plates of 2x4 inch material,

corner posts and two door posts of

2x4 inch material, and the rafters; all

of the rest may be made of the one-

inch boards and strips.



For the foundation, frame the sills

together at the corners, lay them flat

on the ground, which has previously

been leveled, and fill the space inside

level full with broken rocks or blocks

of wood. This will afford drainage

'and keep the ice from absorbing heat

and moisture from the earth. Place

the corner and door posts, then the

plates across the top, and there will

be frame work enough to support the

side boards. These should be placed

vertically and nailed to the sills and

plates. A girdle placed about half

way up the sides of the building and

extending around it will add a great

deal to the strength of the structure.



The roof is a most important part of

the building. It must be tight and

rain-proof for if it leaks the rain will

get through and melt the ice rapidly.

The roof should project a foot or 18

inches over all of the sides. The door

should be in one of the gable ends and

should be in two sections, an upper

and lower. A strip should be nailed

agross the bottom of the upper sec

tion so that when the doors are closed

it will extend below the break that is

made between them and thus prevent

a draught of air through ,the crack,

which would tend to cau’Se the ice





nearby to melt. When the house is

being filled boards should be placed

across the door-way on the inside be-

tween the door posts to prevent the

sawdust from falling out when the

door is open. A small opening should

be made in each gable for ventilation.



With the house thus completed, and

with a pile of sawdust at hand, it is

ready for filling as soon as the ice can

be obtained. A layer of sawdust

about a foot in depth should be spread

over the entire inside and well tramp-

ed down. Upon this the ice should be

built up in a solid mass, leaving not

less than a foot on all sides to be fill-

ed in with sawdust which should be

packed in well, as the filling process

is going on. All space between the

blocks of ice should be packed tightly

with broken pieces of ice or sawdust,

the object being to stop all passages

that air might circulate through and

thus cause melting. When the filling

is completed the top of the ice should

be covered all over with a foot or two

of sawdust.



There‘ is less relative waste in a

large than in a small bulk of ice, and

for this reason it is well to plan for

even more than is needed. A ton of

ice occupies about 40 cubic feet of

space. A house 10x12 feet, and eight

feet high, will take care of a mass of

ice 8x10 feet, allowing a foot on each

side to be packed with sawdust. If

built up seven feet high, such a mass

of ice will contain 560 cubic feet.

equal to about 14 tons. This amount

is suflicient to supply the needs of

two, or perhaps three, families during

the entire summer.



After the ice has been placed in the

house it will be necessary to look at

the sawdust occasionally and pack it

down as it shrinks. Unless this is

done some of the ice will be exposed

to air currents and will melt rapidly

as a result. On this account it will

always be found advisable to have an

extra couple of feet of sawdust on top

of the pile of ice so that it will be

available to fill in when the other

sawdust becomes settled.



When sawdust cannot be obtained a

substitute can be found in dry chaff,

grass, cut straw and such material,

but these do not exclude the air as

perfectly as sawdust. When the sub-

stitute materials are to‘ be used a

wider space between the ice and the

walls should be left for the packing.





Best results can be obtained when be-'





tween 18 inches and twofeet are left

for packing. In these times when

there are so many uses for ice during

the warm season of the year, every

farmer who is located near a stream

or pond where ice is available in the

winter should provide a means for

keeping a supply in storage. Although

this may seem early in the season to

be thinking about getting in a supply

of ice, it is none too early to build or

make over a shed or house in which

it may be kept. By following the di-

rections that have been given one will

have little trouble in building an in-

expensive house and keeping ice sat-

isfactory. .





Indiana. C. H. WnEA'rLEY.





BARNYARD MANURE.





 





Success in farming depends upon

the economical conservation and re-

turning to the soil, the residue of the

crops produced, and fed to the ani-

mals. It has recently been well es-

tablished that where strict economy

is used in saving all of the voidings

both solid and liquid, ‘of farm stock,

that 80 per cent of the plant food con-

tained in the hay and grain fed, may

be returned to the soil. The farmer

who lavishly expends in waste, the es-

sence of his farm fertility, must soon-

er or later go into bankruptcy. Fer-

tility of the‘soil is the farmer’s capi-

tal, and if he continues to draw on

this, without returning its equivalent,

it is only a question of time when he

will have broken his bank.





Manure Losses Large.



In referring to recent statistics,

carefully compiled, the estimated loss

from the value of barnyard manures

in the United States, by careless hand-

ling, amounts to a value of $750,900,-

000. This estimate is for" plant food

alone, and does not contemplate the

physical value to the land, that would

have accrued, had this waste been ap-

plied to the soil. Under careful tests

made at experiment stations, it is esti-

mated that the voidings of every horse

per annum, based upon the commer-

cial value of fertilizing elements con-

tained in commercial manures, as $27,

that from every cow $20, of each hog

$8, and of sheep $2.



The most expensive plant food, or

element, with which the farmer has to

deal and supply, is nitrogen, and, this

is the one chiefly lost in the improper

conservation of barnyard manure.

While the custom with many farmers,

of using gutters of concrete behind

their horses and cows to conserve the

liquid voidings, and the manure haul-

ed to the fields as soon as a load has

accumulated, is approved, it is de-

plorable to still see piles of manure

accumulating for a year, under the

eaves, where by leaching or burning,

its most valuable element is either

washed away into the streams or

evaporated into the air, and lost.





Conditions Affecting Value.



From time to time I have bought

considerable stable manure, and it is

often amusing to hear the prospective

seller extoll its value, saying “that it

is well rotted, having laid in the pile

a whole year." Aside from its value

as humus, such manure has little com-

mercial value.



In estimating the value of manure

it is important to know the value of

the fertilizing elements contained in

the corn, oats, hay or other materials

fedto the animals. It might increase

the length of this article too much to

go into details, with tables showing

the comparative value of the manurial

worth of the foods used. It will be

apparent to every thinker. that the

richer and more concentrated the

food, such as bran, cottonseed or oil

meal, as well as the clovers, alfalfa,

etc., the greater will be the nitrogen-

ous quality of the manure. Liquid ma-

nure is much richer in nitrogen and





potash than solid manure,- and where-

insufficient absorbents are used ‘0? Agriculture. .





NOV. 28,1914.”





where the" stable, floor is. not tight,

there is sure to occur great loss. The

manure of well fed animals is richer

than that from underfed stock, for the

reason that more of the elements of

heat and growth in the underfed an-

imal will be extracted, to supply the

needs of the body, 'whereas' if well fed

the surplus will be voided in the ex-

creta. The manure of young and grow-

ing animals is less rich in plant food,

than is that from mature animals, as

growth must be supported, whereas

the mature animal only requires sus-

tenance.

When to Apply.



The fresher the manure is when ap-

plied to the land, the greater will be

the saving of its fertilizing elements,

but there may be, and often are, con-

ditions under which hauling fresh ma-

nure directly .to the field may not be

advisable. It is a question as to

which is the more profitable mode of

applying manure, whether before. or

after plowing. Theoretically, the ap-

plying of manure to the surface of

plowed land to be cultivated in seems

plausible. When manure is applied to

the surface 'of unplowed land in Win-

ter and when the ground is frozen,

and especially as is more often the

case, when applied to the higher

lands, there must be great loss from

melting snows and excessive rains,

washing the manure to the lower

lands, and often into streams where

its loss is permanent. Another objec-

tion to applying manure to unplowed

land is, and this is especially true of

strawy or coarse manure, where ap~

plied to heavy soil, that it is buried so

far below the rooting of many surface

feeding plants that they cannot read-

ily reach it, and being thus buried the

solvent efi’ect of the oxygen of the air

cannot reach it, and in case of dry

weather it is slow to decay, when

forming a dry blanket between the

upper and lower soil it‘ prevents capil-

lary action from pumping moisture to

the root zone of the plants growing

above it. When rain falls on the soil

it percolates down through it and any

soluble material in its way will be dis-

solved and the tendency will be to

carry it, by the free passage of gravi-

tational water, to the subsoil. Thus

the plant food in manure, buried six,

eight or ten inches below the surface,

will in a wet time be carried down

and down until, forming a combina-

tion with insoluble bases, it is un-

available to surface feeding crops.

Where manure can be reduced to a

fair degree of fineness, by composting

it, or where short cut straw is used

for bedding it should be used on the

surface after plowing and well work-

ed into the soil with the cultivator or

harrow. When thus applied, being

near the surface, the action of the

rain, and the oxygen of the air, will

hasten fermentation and decomposi-

tion, the rain will dissolve the plant

food just where it is needed, in the

surface soil, where the plantswill ap-

propriate it, and the humus mingling

with the upper soil will act as a.

mulch, conserving moisture in a dry

time.





New York. B. F. MACK.





THE QUARANTINE ON HAY AND

STRAW MODIFIED.





 





The provisions of the federal quar-

antines declared on account of the

foot and mouth disease have been

somewhat modified in so far as they

apply to shipments of hay and straw.

The new regulations provide that hay

and straw cut prior to August 1, 1914,

and baled prior to October 1, 1914,

may be shipped without disinfection

from any of the quarantined areas,

provided that it has been stored away

from cattle, sheep or swine. Hitheré

to it was necessary that hay should

not only. have been out before August

1,‘ but that it, should also have been

baled before that date. » '



emce‘ Ef’flfmm,’ u. s. Dense:





 





 





 





 





~PN.» _. ,
NOV. 28,1914.





Good Roads





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





in Michigan.





 





AGINAW county has 213 miles of

' S good roads. This year the coun-



ty has built 28 miles of macad-

am, five and a. half miles of gravel and

one mile of field stone road. Saginaw

has earned $175,600 in state reward

money, and the amount of money

spent for all road building purposes to

date reaches above $1,300,000. Sagi-

naw supervisors have authorized a

tax of $1.80 per thousand valuation for

good roads in 1915, which will make

available over $146,000, or nearly

twice as much as has ever been raised



before. Good roads have added im-

measurably to the prosperity of the

county. As a single instance the sug-

ar beet industry in the Saginaw Valley

would be greatly crippled but for the

stone roads/which permit hauling the

beets to the weigh stations during the

rainy fall seasons when ordinary dirt

roads are impassable.



W. S. Antisdale, superintendent of

roads in Muskegon county, has com-

pleted half a mile of a new type of

construction on the Whitehall road,

north of Dalton. It was the aim to

build a road having all the cementing

qualities of limestone, but with a

hard wearing surface that would stand

up under heavy automobile and team

trafiic. Specifications call for a base

of. six to seven inches of limestone,

watered and rolled, and on top of this

a surfacing of washed gravel passing

an inch screen, with all clay and fine

stuff removed. The gravel surfacing

is then rolled into the limestone,

which holds it like a cement, with the

hard gravel exposed to traffic. The

new road is 16 feet wide and appears

to be a fine type of highway.



Two years'ago Lapeer county voted

in favor of good roads and spread a

two-mill tax, which has produced a

fund of $36,254 annually. Each of the

18 townships has had its share of the

benefits, but the construction has been

piecemeal and has been subject to

criticism. "This fall, by vote of 10 to

nine, the supervisors have suspended

the work for a year at least, on the

ground of high taxes rather than of

opposition to road improvement.

Meantime good roads work in Lapeer

county will be done by the townships

and cities as separate units.



Mason county supervisors have em-

ployed a traffic officer with motorcycle

at $100 per month to put a stop, if

, possible, to violations of law by speed-

; ing automobilists.



Flint celebrated “Good Roads Day”



' October 29, with over 10,000 visitors,

2 despite the rain. Genesee county vot-

ied $500,000 for good roads a few years

iago and has been active, receiving

‘ one-twelfth of the reward money paid

by the state. “In two years,” says

the Flint Journal, “Genesee county

has literally picked itself up by the

boot straps and lifted itself out of the

mud to a position that is the envy of

other counties of Michigan." And the



work will go on. Another half mill

‘ has been voted by the supervisors. It

,has just been decided also to build

nine more miles from Royal Oak to

Pontiac, which will complete the good

roads highway from Flint to Detroit.



A movement is well under way to

build 30 miles of concrete road be-

tween Grand Haven and Grand Rap-

ids. A Grand Highway Association has

been formed, with Wm. B. Connelly,

of Spring Lake, as secretary, and

three miles of highway is now assur-

ed. The first half-mile at the Grand

Haven end has been completed and

Ottawa county commissioners have

voted to extend same another mile and

a half to the township line. Spring

Lake village will build a mile of road

Within the corporate limits,~which will

be completed next season.



Jackson county

v’oted $94,615 for good roads next

year, or an increase of $34,000 ever

this year. ' This appropriation is a lit-





tle less than '8. mm and a half oneach





\ a





supervisors have





dollar assessed valuation. About 22

miles will be built, including three

miles of trunk line at cost of $18,690;

five and a half miles of 12-foot road,

costing $25,000, and 13.5 miles of nine-

foot road at a cost of $41,740; also

6,900 feet of road from Jackson city

limits to Vandercook Lake, $9,185.



Oakland County has a much larger

program for road building next year

than was carried out this year and

has appropriated over $120,000 for the

purpose. The commissioners will as-

sist in building the proposed concrete

road between Pontiac and Detroit,

providing the Legislature does not cut

down the state reward money it has

been paying in the past.



The good roads issue won out by a.

big majority at the recent election in

Washtenaw county and a good roads

district is created, composed of Ann

Arbor city, Ypsilanti city, Ann Arbor

township, Northfield, Pittsfield, Sa-

lem, Scio, Superior and Ypsilanti

townships.



The township of Ogden, in Lenawee

county, has voted a bond issue of $90,-

000 for good roads. The specifications

are macadam, 12 feet wide on road

bed and 20 feet on entire grade, and

seven inches in depth. The first road

to be built will be seven miles be-

tween Ogden and Whiteville.



Money for road machinery author-

ized by the supervisors of Calhoun





A GOOD CROP OF CORN.





 





We, from time to time, read in your

valuable paper about some of our

brother farmers who have been for-

tunate in raising an extra good crop

of one kind or another. As we have

been very fortunate at Cherry Dale

Farm in raising a good crop of corn

this year we would be pleased to learn

through your paper if any of our Mich-

igan farmers have done better, and if

so, how they did it.



We planted seven and one-half acres

of Yellow Dent corn on May 19; Sep-

tember 17 we filled our 65-ton silo

from 2773 acres, and it has only settled

about one door and a half. This is

good evidence that it was well filled.

Since filling silo we have husked out

766 bushels of fine corn from the bal-

ance of the acreage mentioned.



Part of the ground was bean ground

last year and part timothy sod, with

some barnyard manure applied to fer-

tilize. The corn was drilled six quarts

per acre, in rows 42 inches apart. It

was given good cultivation and no

weeds allowed to grow.



Tuscola Co. J. H. WOOD.





ANOTHER GOOD YIELD OF CORN.





 





The accompanying cut is made from

scenes taken on the farm of Wm. F.

Maitrott, of Bloomfield township, Oak-

land county. The corn in this field

husked out an average of 174 bushels

per acre. It.was grown in exactly

four months, being planted May 8 and





 





 





One Hundred Seventy-Four Bushels Per Acre is the Record for this Field.





county, includes the purchase of a

motorcycle to aid in arrests for viola-

tions of speed laws.



Manistee county voted to adopt, a

two- mill tax for good roads and to re-

duce the board of road commissiOners

from three members to two.



Grand Traverse county raises a mill

and a half tax for better roads, Which

amounts to $18,400, without the. three

townships of Whitewater, Grant and

Peninsula that are not under the coun-

ty road system. Charlevoix county

will raise three mills, or $34,000. Em~

met county will raise two mills,

amounting to $23,000. Cheboygan

county raises two mills and this coun-

ty also bonds for $75,000 for building

trunk lines. Wexford will raise one

mill and in addition citizens of Cadil-

lac subscribe $700 a mile for every

mile built on the main lines. Missau—

kee county will‘raise three mills,

amounting to $18,000. And besides,

there are many townships in Antrim,

Benzie, Leelanau and other counties

that are building and repairing roads.



The road commissioners of Wayne

and Monroe counties met recently in

Detroit and adopted a resolution ask-

ing Governor Ferris to appoint a com-

mission to investigate road conditions

in this state, with necessities for im-

provement of same, and to report at

the coming session of the Legislature,

recommending the text of a law that

will cover the building, improvement

and maintenance of good roads.





A'BIGA EAR OF CORN.





 





I have one ear of yellow dent corn

that I would like to have beaten by

Michigan Earmer readers. It has 24

rows and, 1,152 kernels, all perfect.



Livingston Co. J. W. MCGUNN.





cut September 8. Scovel Dent was the

variety of seed used which was test-

ed for germination and selected and

was planted in checks three feet eith-

er way with three or four kernels per

hill. The soil in which the corn was





' grown is of clay loam, plowed as early





as pos'sible .seven inches deep and





well worked until the crop was

planted.

Oakland Co. E. B. W.





SEEDING SWEET CLOVER IN RYE.





 





I have a piece of rye, fall sown, on

rather light soil. Would I be safe in

sowing sweet clover seed in spring,

as one sows other clover seeds? Is it

as necessary to inoculate sweet clo-

ver as it is to inoculate for alfalfa

seeding? If inoculation is advisable,

what would be the best method of in-

oculating when the seed is to be sown

in the spring with a nurse crop of

fall rye?



Emmet Co. Srnscmnnn.





The only way to determine whether

SWeet- clover could be successfully

seeded on this soil by spring sowing

in fall sown rye, would be to make

the experiment. In the writer’s opin-

ion, there would be no very great cer-

tainty of getting a good seeding in

this way. Sweet clover will undoubt-

edly thrive on thinner soil than will

common red clover or alfalfa, provid-

ed other conditions are favorable.

Like alfalfa, it seems to. require an

abundance of lime in the soil for best

results. It is often seen growing in

gravel banks on fills made along rail-

roads or highways, and making a very

luxuriant growth on what would seem

to. be a very poor foundation so far as

soil fertility is Concerned. Ordinarily,

however, this gravel contains a good

deal of lime, and it has another quite





essential requirement in that it packs.





3.1.471»? ,





down very firm and solid. Sweet clo-

ver requires a firm seed bed for best,'-

results. Also there are a great many

“hard seeds,” so-called, in sweet clo-

ver; that is to say, the seeds have a

hard coating which is so impervious

to water that the moisture does not

penetrate them readily, and many of

these hard seeds will not germinate

the first season after sowing. On this

account, it might be a better plan if

this ground is not too rolling, to sow

the seed very late this fall or during

early winter, depending on the action

of the elements to cover it sufficient-

ly, and giving a longer period for the

moisture to penetrate the seed during

the wet weather of early spring than

would be possible by spring sowing,

especially if any attempt is made to

work the seed into the soil. Inocula-

tion, would probably be beneficial,

either by the soil or the pure culture

method. Some are of the opinion that

it is not as necessary as with alfalfa,

but a good many experienced growersw

of alfalfa are coming to be of the

opinion that if the soil conditions are

made suitable to promote a normal

multiplication of the bacteria, that in-

oculation is not as necessary for al‘

falfa as has been generally supposed,

providing that these preparations are

made a sufficient length of time before

the seed is sown. W'here limeing is

done the same season the seed is

sown, however, inoculation is quite im-

portant. After sweet clover had once

been grown upon this land, there is

probably no doubt that it could be

successfully seeded by this method,

and if the land is in a condition so

that it could be successfully seeded to

clover in the rye there is every prob-

ability that the plan might succeed on

the first trial. ,It would be a good idea

to sow some clover with the sweet

clover so as to insurea good covering

in case the sweet clover failed to

make a thick stand.





A CHEAP CARBON REMOVER.





 





An ignorant laborer in the testing

room of an engine factory is respon-

sible for one of the greatest boons to

motorists ever discovered.



A tester had just started a kerosene

engine and as it is necessary to “liv-

en” up a kerosene motor with gaso-

line injected from a squirt can into

the air intake of the carburetor; he

was industriously helping the machine

along when the squirt can ran dry.



Calling the laborer he told him to

fill the can with gasoline. The labor-

er, not understandng English very

well, filled the can with water and

brought it back to the tester.



Meanwhile the engine was running

along as best it could, smoking and

missing fire, until a little “gasoline”

was shot into it from the refilled

squirt can, when to the astonishment

of the tester the motor picked up

speed and ran without smoking.



Naturally he investigated matters

and eventually traced the improve-

ment to water in the squirt can. He

then tried it on a gasoline motor and

discovered that while it did not great-

ly affect the operation of a gasoline

engine it would remove any carbon

collected on the inside of the cylin-

ders.



It is surprising how few repair men,

experts, and motor car drivers know

about this handy methpd of removing

carbon from a motor, so the chief en-

gineer at one of Detroit’s great auto-

mobile factories has consented to give

the following instructions for its use:



Procure a squirt can, fill it with wa-

ter from the faucet in sink or garage,

start your motor, raise the bonnet on

the carburetor side and with the can

inject a few drops of water into the

air intake of the carburetor while the

motor is running. Keep this up afew:

drops at a time for several minutes.

It certainly is easier than taking the

motor down to scrape out'the carbon, '

and really does clean out the motor in '

good shape. ,
Choosing A Bank

On Facts





Figures and facts are good

things to have when you are

choosing a bank. They show

how far you can depend on

the bank for strength and

safety.





The last statement of, this

bank shows that we have

more than 100,000 depositors

and more th n $31,000,000.00

in depositor" accounts. .





Depositors’ accounts are

guaranteed by our assets,

which exceed deposits by

more than five million dol-

lars.





This fact and these figures

mean safety. You can choose

The Cleveland Trust Com-

pany as your bank no matter

where you live. You can

bank by mail as safely and

more conveniently than in

person. We will be glad to

describe our system of

“Banking By Mail” by send—

ing you our booklet “B.”

We will also answer any ques-

tions you may have and send

you full information on any

banking subject.





(the

clevelanb

Crust Compang’





. Cleveland. Ohio 3

F. H. GOFF. President





LET IIS TAN

VIIIIII HIDE.





Cattle or Horsolilde. Cnll', Dog, Deer

orany kind of skin w1Ll1 hair or i’u1 on.

We can and llnlsh Ihem right: mol.’ 6

them into coats (101 111111 and women).

robes. xllgs or glm es when ordered.



Your fur goods will cost on less than

to buy the111,a11d be wort more. Our

Illustrated oalaleg gives a lot of in

formation which every stock raiser

should time. but we neversend out this -

valuable book except upon request.



It tells how to take of! and cans for

hides: how and w lion we pay the lrelgM

bolh ways 3 about our safe dyeing- pro-

cess which is a. tremendous advantage

to the customer especially on horse

hldes and call skins about the fur

goods and game troph es we sell. taxi-

dt r1113 L to. f you want a. copy send us

your correct address...



The Crosby Frisian Fur Company.

571 Lyell Ave" Rochester. N. Y.





I





 





I‘lj’he Mg?!" ‘8 Morley Way



se an e ipse ra



Used byth Hg. Dep or? I

ment of Agriculture. Its

construction is perfect.

illustrated catalogue free.

Morrillllflorley Mfg. Co. .



_ Sistine I Benton lllrier. Rich. \2





Eclipse bpray Pumpl





   





 





LIME





PnlverizedL ma esisn lime rock for' ‘seur" soils.

Write forL Bummer Prices direct to you from



Muskegon and Benton Harbor. Mich



LAKE. SIIORI‘ STONE 00.. Milwaukee. Wis.





LIMESTONE





For General Farm Use.

Finely pulierlzed, made from highest high calcium

stone. Quick shipments in closed oars. Let us send

sample and price.





Northern Lime 00., Peioskey, Mich.





- —You should get the highest grade

of limestone manufactured. Buy

it upon the basis of analysis. We

manufacture the highest findem pul-





verizod limestone soldl 11

Let us prove it. Ask for sample and analysis.

CAMPBELL STONE 00.. Indian RIvor. MIoh.





LILLIE'S SPECIAL BRANDS





BUF F AI.0 FERTILIZER





M do from best material. Always reliable.



Litine. Potash, Acid Phosphate, Nitrate of Soda.

t ted in unoccupied territory. Ship di-

fight: “fig-mars in car-lots. Fertilizer questions

answered and farm soil surveys made on request





 





 





, Qolon C.I.illie, Sales Ag!" Coopersville. Mich.





—- C HIM IXTUBE

WANTED sternum...“ m an...

YOUNG-RANDOLPH SEED 00., Owosso. Michigan.





f CLOVER SEED; WANT ED





“nut returner“ 8M-

an

Q, I. SCOTT BSON.19 Mains ”bum. O.





 





 





 





 





. NOV. 28, 19i4.





 





T is said that experience is the

I best teacher. So it is, for without

_ taking advantage of experience,

either that of our own or someone

else, we would make little progress in

any line of work. Experience along

certain lines of work is very valuable

because it gives us almost exact infor-

mation for taking care of future con‘

ditions very similar to those in which

we have had our experience. In fruit

growing and farming, however, expe-

rience does not furnish us with infor-

"mation which we cant» use with the

same exactitude as in other lines of

work. This is because we are dealing

with Nature, and she is ever chang‘

ing. Experience is therefore an as-

sistant of judgment, and judgment

based on experience is the fruit grow-

er’s stronghold.



Each Season Different.



One prominent fruit grower said

that he would learn considerable in

one season, only to find that it was of

little value in another because condi-

tions were entirely different. His

statement would suggest that the fruit

grower should not base his coming

season’s work too much on his conclu-

sions of the past season’s experience,

but that he should be ever observing

and then take care of conditions as

they arise according to his best judg-

ment. There is nothing of mathemat-

ical exactness in fruit growing, and

the rule of thumb method if applied

to fruit growing will fail.



The reader should not think that the

above is to belittleqthe value of ex-

perience; it is rather to bring out the

importance of good judgment. Expe-

rience is most valuable and the fruit

grower should treasure the knowledge

he has gained through experience.



Ideal Weather Conditions.



Nature has been kind to the fruit

grower during the past season, and

there have been few seasons in the

past which have been as favorable for

the development of good fruit. There

was very little muggy weather which

would tend to the development of fun-

gus diseases; still there was plenty of

well distributed rainfall so that even

uncultivated orchards did not suffer

from the lack of moisture. This un-

favorable weather made spraying es-

pecially effective, and thorough work

showed results. In the matter of tem-

perature the season was also quite

normal, and as temperature has the





greatest influence on the development





of insect life, our insect pests appear.

ed at their normal time, and were

therefore easily controlled by spray-

ing. The large amount of clear, sun-

ny weather also produced fruit of es-

pecially good color.

Tent Caterpillar and Blight.



Perhaps the most serious things,

aside from the abnormal market con-

ditions, that the fruit grower had to

contend with, was the tent caterpillar

in the northern part of the state, and

the blight which was quite prevalent

in all parts of the state. The tent cat-

erpillar has been developing for sev-

eral seasons, and because no concert-

ed action was taken by the people in

the district involved, it became quite

a serious pest last year. The blight

also was quite prevalent in 1913, and

because the blight cankers were not

taken care of, it was, true to the pre-

dictions of fruit authorities, quite ser-

ious in many sections. It was always

supposed that the blight developed

more quickly on Vigorous, well-grow-

ing trees, but this season’s experience

show that in many cases, it was the

worst on the old trees. It was also

shown this year that weather condi-

tions have considerable effect on the

spread of the blight. 'It was noticed

that it spread faster immediately af-

ter damp or rainy weather. Its devel-

opment immediately 'after bIOSsomi'ng





-time also clbarly indicatedto doubt.

ers that the blossom was the princi-I





 





pal means of introducing the blight





The Fru1t Grower 5 Experience.





into the tree. That the blossomg

should be so affected showed that the

bees and other insects which visit the

blossoms are the principal means' of

distributing the blight bacteria.

Cut Out the Blight Cankers.



While the cutting out of, the blight-



ed limbs is .the accepted way of con.





trolling the blight :during the 'growing- .





season,it is a method which is doubt-

ed by many. There is little doubt,

however, that the cutting out of the

blight conkers in which the bacteria

pass the winter is necessary.,,an,d the

fruit grower can spend his time at

this season of the year to no better





advantage than to go through the ,or-‘





chard and cut out these conkers,

whether they be on trunk or limb. In

doing this work, care should be taken

to thoroughly disinfect the wounds

with either a dilute solution of car-

bolic acid, corrosive sublimate or a.

concentrated solution of lime-sulphur.



This season’s experience with refer-

ence to marketing which is probably

the most impressive experience the

fruit growers have had this year, in-

dicates that the fruit grower should

get his orcharding down to the most

economical management. Aside from

endeavoring to lessen the cost of pro-

duction, the fruit grower should en-

deavor to eliminate waste as much as

possible by using the by-products of

the orchard to greater advantage. Cid-

er presses and evaporators may be a.

part of the orchard equipment of the

future. Fruit growing is past being a

business of abnormally large profits,

but will continue to be one which will

give good returns for economical and

scientific management.



Send in Your Experiences.



Most every fruit grower learns

something each year that has been of

value to him. He may have some ar-

rangement by which his pruning tools

are always convenient and still be out

of his hands When he is climbing a

tree or ladder, or he may have found

some little thing which made the work

more efficient, and still easier, in

spraying, cultivating, harvesting, or

any other orchard operation. If you

have come across anything that has

been of value to you along this line,

pass it along and let the Michigan

Farmer to be the means of bringing it

to the attention of the other fellow.

We will be glad to publish helpful ex-

periences.





GROWING HOTHOUSE LETTUCE.





 





The almost gigantic proportions to

which the lettuce forcing industry has

attained during the past twenty years

may not be generally known to the

readers of the farm journals. Wheth-

er this form of filling will ever be ov-

erdone cannot, of course, be foretold,

but it is not likely to occur, if at all,

for a long time to come. It is a. very

exacting work, requiring both skill

and patience. While lettuce growing,

or the growing of any other crop for

that matter, is easy in the open and

in the natural season, it is far from

being an easy matter to grow it out

of season and under glass. In the lat-

ter case the conditions and natural

requirements of the crop must be pro-

duced artificially.



Three Crops in a Season.



Our lettuce forcing house yields

three crops in a season. It is of un-

even span, 50x150 feet, and is heated

by hot water. We have never used

steam heat in forcing lettuce, but

there are advantages in this method,

among them being the little room the

heating pipes require, the ease with

which they can be introduced here,

there and everywhere where needed

and whenever needed, the little labor

required in running the apparatus, and

the quickness and precision with

which a given temperature can -be

maintained, no matter what‘th‘e weath-

er outside may be.





Our first winter crop is at this date,

'~ (October 28), nearly ready for cutting.

After it has been cut, it will give

place‘ 'to the second crop which will





mature in February when the third:





crop will be set. This will mature

during April, and then we set the

house. with cucumber plants which

have been started in boxes about the

middle of March.





I ' Starting the Plants. I ‘





We startthe lettuce in flats 10x18

inches, and four inches deep. The

plants are transplanted when about

feur weeks old, and are set 4x6 inch-

es. This... means six plants to the

square foot of space. The variety

grown is the Grand Rapids " which is

a loose leaf lettuce, and very popular

in this section. In mid-winter it usu~

rally requires about twelve weeks to

mature a crop of lettuce, but the mar-

ket does not particularly require ma-

ture lettuce. We seldom allow it to

occupy the beds more than eight or

nine weeks. We sell by weight, and

while lettuce not fully grown does, of

course, not weigh as much as that ful-

ly grown, we lose on that account, but

we gain in that we are in this way

enabled to grow more crops in a

season.



The Best Temperature for Forcing.



Our experience has been that the

best temperature for lettuce is about

45 degrees at night and from 15 to 20

degrees higher during the day. 'Of

course, the temperature depends a.

good deal upon the condition of the

crop. A high temperature and a dry

temperature are detrimental to the

good development of lettuce. Young

lettuce, like blossoming plants, love

bright, sunny weather, and in the sun-

niest parts of the house are always

the finest.



The greatest enemy and drawback

to lettuce forcing is the green fly. We

can overcome them by smoking at

least twice a. week with tobacco

smoke. D. LEATHERMAN.





THE APPLE SHOW AT PONTIAC.





 





Another example of the co-opera-

tion between the farmers and the bus~

iness men was the apple show held at

the Armory in Pontiac, on Nov. 19-21.

The Horticultural Society prepared

and set up the fruit exhibit and the

Commercial Association furnished the

building and the advertising of the

show. This latter consisted of signs

on the interurban cars running from

Pontiac to other points, cards in store

windows and circulars sent to those

likely to be interested.



The fruit exhibit which consisted of

two banks of apples, containing about

200 exhibit boxes of apples each, was

most attractive. The fruit was of very

good quality and of a very fine color,

and it surprised many who are not ac~

tively interested in fruit growing to

learn that such high quality fruit was

grown in their country. One exhibit

of interest was a collection of dummy

boxes filled with the contents of an

entire barrel. This showed up in very

fine shape the evenness and quality of

the pack the exhibitor made. Another

exhibit which was interesting was a.

collection of fruit bought from the

Wagons of growers who were hauling

fruit to the Detroit market. This ex-

hibit showed the high quality of fruit

that the progressive fruit growers

within reach of Detroit were hauling

to that market in their wagons and

motor trucks.



Prof. L. R. Taft judged the fruit and

also gave a talk on “Fertility of the

Orchard,” Friday afternoon. Prof. H.

J. Eustace was the speaker for Sat-

urday afternoon.



The premium fruit of this show is

to be exhibited by the Oakland Coun-

ty Horticultural Society at the meet-

ing of the State Horticultural Society

at Kalamazoo. This being, a fact,





one can safely predict that the Oak-.





land County Society will- have an ex-.

hibit at Kalamazoo worthy of consid-

erable attention.





A





.s.





 





c-
."_‘r—~_ L





 





 





Nov. 28', 1914.





1111s





Practical





EMHIHIIHHHHIIIHI





THE RELATION OF THE COST OF

PRODUCTION TO SELLING

PRICE.





 





BY FLOYD W. ROBISON.



In the last several years a great

deal has been written concerning in-

tensive agriculture. Old and current

methods of farming have been criti-

cized- and the trend of the advice giv-

en farmers by agricultural writers has

been toward intensive agriculture.

It has been assumed and argued

that this country must produce more

products per acre in order to relieve

the increasing demand- for food and to

make the business of farming finan-

cially. more attractive to farmers. The

methods employed have been the prac-

tice of intensive cultivation and the

more liberal use of commercial fertil-

izers. Very little attention has been

given to moderate fertilization and

moderate cultivation with the idea of





TVHE MICHIGAN FARMER





HHIIIIHIIHHIIHHHllHIIHIIIHIHIHHHHIIIHIIIIIHHIIHIHHIHIIHIIH."1’IIHHHHHIHHHHIHHIHHIIHIIHIHHIIHIIHHHHIHHHIIHIHIIHIHHIIIHHIHIHIIHIHIIHHHHHHHIHHIHIIHIIIHHHHHHHHHHHHIIIHHE ‘ '1





Science.





IIIIIIHIIIHIHHIHIIIIIIHIIIHI||HIHIIHHHHHHIHHIII|II|H|IIHIIIIHIIHHII|IIIHIHIHIHIIHIHHIIIHHIHIHHIIIIHIIIIIIHHHIHIHIIIHIIIIHIIllIIHIHIIHIHHIHIIIHHHHHIIHHHHHIIIIHIHIIIHHIIIHHHIIIIIHIIIHIHHEI '





able becatise they were the result, not

of expensive methods of farming, but

of especially rich spots of land or of

favorable seasons, costing nothing ex-

tra beyond the increased expense of

harvesting. It is still true that high

yields are profitable if they can be‘

cheaply produced, but the general

prinmple is that the higher the yield

the greater the cost, not only per acre

but per bushel.



This natural operation of the eco-

nomic laws of diminishing returns in

farming is best illustrated by an 'ex-





'periment begun many years ago by





Lawes and‘ Gilbert, at Rothamsted,

England, the oldest experimentsta-

tion in the world. They applied, ev-

ery year for twelve years, different

amounts of complete fertilizer to ad-

joining fields of wheat, with the fol-

lowing results:





 





 





Fertilizer Increase

applied. Av. 12 yrs. Increase per 2001b.

None. 18. 4 bu. '

200 lbs. 28.4 bu. 10.0 bu. 10.0 bu.

400 lbs. 36.4 bu. 18.0 bu. 8.0 bu.

600 lbs. 38.0 bu. 19. 6 bu. 1. 6 bu.





 





producing the maximum economical

returns. Maximum yields without con

sideration for economy has been the

cry, too much, we fear, and in this

connection it is interesting to note

from the pen of Dr. Eugene Daven-

port of the Illinois Experiment Sta-

tion, a very interesting article on the

relation between yields and prices.

This article is so timely and of such a

character that we feel the information

it contains should be passed on to

Michigan farmers as follows:





The following points are generally





By this we see (feurth column) that

as an average of the twelve years the

first 200 pounds of fertilizer returned





10 bushels, but that a second 200 .





pounds increased the yield only eight

bushels above the first, and that a

third 200 pounds returned but a little

over a bushel and a half above the

double dose, showing that increased

outlay is not always followed by cor-

respondingly increased yields.



The experiment was continued, and

at the end of 52 years the results were

as follows:





 





Fertilizer



applied.* Av. 52 yrs.

None. 14.8 bu.

200 lbs. 23.9 bu.



400 lbs. 32. 8 bu.



600 lbs. 37.1 bu.





Increase



Increase per 200 lb.

9.1 bu. 9.1 bu.

18. 0 bu. 8. 9 bu.

22. 3b 4 3 bu.





Witrogenous fertilizer with abundance uof mixed minerals.





 





assumed without argument by writers

and speakers discussing agriculture:



1. That large yields are always

profitable andthat the best farmer is

the one who raises the most per acre.



2. That large yields are a natural

antidote for the high cost of living.



3. That when'prices are low the

farmer should raise his yields to pro-

tect his income.



4. That everybody is suffering be-

cause of the “slipshod and wasteful

methods of the American farmer.”



5. That we should new copy the in-

tensive methOds of older countries and

that more capital is needed for the

best results. _



As a matter of fact, there is truth

in all these propositions, but it is mix-

ed with an amount of error and of

misconception concerning the econom-

ic laws governing agricultural produc-

tion that is dangerous both to the

farmer and to the consumer.



We are just emerging from a pio-

neer agriculture, in which land had lit-

tle value, because it was abundant,

and labor was the principal element

in the cost of production. If the Am-

erican farmer has been wasteful of

fertility it is because he has had it to

waste, but he has been exceedingly

economical of labor, which was costly,

and has produced the cheapest food

the world has ever eaten, or ever will

eat, though the yields per acre have

been little more than half those of

older countries. Our question has been

not how much per acre but how much

per man, and in this the American

farmer has been right, even though

his average yields have been low.



We are, however, approaching old-

country conditions. Land is growing





scarce, and therefore costly, so that

.eiements other than labor have begun





to enter into the cost .of production

and food is necessarily higher.





0





. These figures for half a century

show the same principle of diminish-

ing returns in a modified form. Due

to soil exhaustion, the yields from the

unfertilized land decreased during the

52 years. On account of a few bad

seasons, the average effect of the first





dose (200 pounds) was slightly de-_





creased. Owing to the accumulation

of lesidues of fertilizer, the effects of

the second and third doses were rela-





tively larger than for the twelve- year





period, though subject to the same

law of diminishing returns That is

to say, the last dose of fertilizer was





less than half as effective as the first; ‘





or, What is the same thing, the last

increment of. increase, cost: more: than

twice as muCh pervbushel'as the first.



In the more intensified agriculture

that is just ahead of us, the question

is, therefore-not how.much the farm-

er can produce per acre, but how

much he can afford to' produce. His

yield must depend, not: mainly upon

his knowledge of production, but upon

the price of the product.





For example, in the tables quoted.

each 200 pounds of fertiliZer cost‘ 3

$7. 50 With wheat at a dollar a bushel

a little- ComputatiOn will show that





both the single and double application

would pay, but that the triple applica-

tion would swallow all the profits and

more. At eighty cents a bushel, only

the first dose would make money;

while at fifty cents a bushel, none of

the treatments would pay, and both





the farmer and the public would have I





to be contented with the lower yields





from untreated. land until such time . I I





as the consumer was willing to pay a

higher price for his food. In this way

is yield dependent up0n price, and it

is the natural way in which supply ad-

justs itself to demand as expressed in

price. » _

(Continued next week).





IIIIIHIIIHHHIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIHII





 





 

 

 

   

 

 

 





Why They Look

for the RED BALL





That Red Ball on Rubber Foot-

wear stands for long wear and

good serVice. It means tough,

properly treated rubber,





 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





Figure the cost of rubber

- ‘ ” ' footwear on the cost per

_ , day’s wear and you Will see why “Ball—Band”

' gives} inoSt wear for the money.





It ‘ {‘5‘

V ‘l





Over 50, 000 stores sell Ball-Band” Rubber Footwear.

Every one of these merchants will tell you that when you

buy‘ Ball-Band” you get footwear at the lowest cost per

day’s wear.



Look for that Red Ball; it’s a sign of Quality, whether it’s

on the footwear or in the window of a store.





If no store near you sells "Ball-Band,” write us and give

your merchant’s name. We will see that you are fitted.

Write anyway for





FREE Booklet—“More Days Wear”





It tells you how to treat good rubber footwear so as to get

the most out of it.





MISHAWAKA WOOLEN MFG. CO.





319 Water Street Mishawaka, Ind.

"The House The: Pays Millie!" for Quality"





 





 

   

 

 

 

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





““e‘d‘... .....





 

 





,“::: ' “Bail- Band" Arctic: are made

‘ 7’, with one, two and four buck-

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are best caslimcrette.





‘ .11.. “Bail-Band” coon Tail Knit Boot IS knit, not



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The patented snow excluder keeps out snow



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CEO. I. FOX





219 1th Ave" IIEW 108K

Write Ior Price List l0"-





BEATS ELECTRIC





KERUSENE 1.11111 0..





i‘Ci Days 1". QEE Send 130 Money





th'e dondt rgalls mu tol pay us a cent un you ave us .

ISWOn e u m emi till 0111' Wfl

mitt 6:31an it attonr egy lrigse it got 0 lh'ome ten days. thenyou

an on can 1 ose a e t. t



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1.1.11.5: “Lease . .1“ . .. 1: 38°11" °r “W ‘° ‘3‘” P"



n on

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the ALADDIN on our





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Th





 





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





ofofler given in circular a.“ -'

make such a challe 9“? there were wtho‘l Iiig elatest; money .33332'33'1'1’.

don btas to them not the Modular}: 021' main-cu strands.

OH. Hill. We wanton. user In ooh lml- lo lone Required I

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c ereo 9.



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IAI‘I‘LI m- count" 014 4| :1 1141 ch .

2'1 Mad II u at, ‘WIV,
P 1474—4;

Don‘l Lose calves will1

SCOURS





 





You Can CureThem

mt?bri.::.l:“.::‘:.:‘it:’.t"n§°.:r2.18:2





mean money -—it pays to raise all born. You can

do it. if you use





Payne’s Scours Special





Only remedy on the market that is ultivcly

antccd to cure Scour: in all anim a. if it

iails. we'll refund your money Immedialcly.

Get a bottle at once—at your dealer’s or by

mail from us for $1. Keep it always on hand for

emergency. It pays! 0

" This spring my dairy of fifteen was affected

with Scourc. it cost a lotoi money and took

entire dairy down. I tried several remedies

without result. I ran onto Scours Special and tried

it. Two two—year—old heifers were so bad they had ,

to be lifted. Two doses of the m

cine brought every animal around

and they are in splendid shape

".4 G. McAughey, Sprague-



ville, N. Y.



Send for Booklet on Scours—Ftee.





THE CALF SAVER CORPORATION

Spruce St.. Gonvcrneur,





 





 





 





 





WHY NOT PREVENT





Foot and Mouth Disease





. The Government will not let you even try to cure

it,but preventive measures are encouraged.





5 Sultotnen Will Save YourStook





Sulfothen is a most powerful germicide and

disinfectant. It will destroy any bacterium.





'Powertul, Penetrating. Sate, Efflclent, Economical.





A solution of one part to 250 parts of hot

water makes a perfect gerinicide. It does not

' destroy tissue or coagulate albumen. and is in

‘ no way dangerous. It is used in medical and

surgical practice. veterinary practice. as a dis-

‘ infectant and deodorant in all farm build-

ings, sinks, drains, etc. and will prevent

kcholera and other epidemics among swine.

sheep and poultry.





1 Pound $1; 1 Gallon $4; Sample 2 oz. 25c delivered ,





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384,W. Lafayette Blvd. DETROIT, MlCH.





YOUR Milking Machine





 





 





 





 





 

 

   





Every demand .

You can make of a

milking machine

isincluded in the 1.

"Universal Milk- 5; I

er"-the 2

HINMAN





MILKER





It enables a boy to milk 25 cows an hour. 50.000

cows milked daily. It is noiseless. light. easily

cleaned. easily adjusted. Exclusive features—no

vacuum in pail; ho piping—just a single drive rods:

only two moving part»: quick pail c angina idea;

separate machines.‘ A success for6 ears. ’Writo for

name of nearest Him-nan owneran our last booklet

“Making More Money With the Hinman Milker."

llininan lilting lull-c 00.,14‘84 Ellsabcth SLJhOldnJJ





DRIED BEET PULP





PAYS





Because it Increases the Pro-.

duction and Lowers the Cost.





It is a vegetable feed and is

not adulterated.





Order of your dealer or write.





T. F. MABSTON, Bay (lily, Mich.





 





 





 





 





PERRY COW STALLS.





 





Every dalryman wants the bes t equipment for

his money. REY OUTFITS do the bectwoi'k

cost thilecst. have more new time— saving features

than nnv other on the market. Write for prop-





it J. l tl at once

$g£°np1§£flr°fdr>$§ co.. HMOLLY MICHIGAN.





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llllllllllllllIllllllllillllllilllilfi





‘ Scotland.





THE MICHIGANFARMER





llllIlllllllllll|Illllllllllllflllflflltllflllflllflfllfllflflflmmnflflfllflflfllflflfllfllllflflflmg





Dairy.





2

E

fiHlllilllllllllIlllIlllIllIllilllllllllllllllllIlllllllfllllllllliillllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllltlllllllllfllllllllg

CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





STORY OF THE BREEDS.





 





 





I wish you would give me the his-

tory of the Ayrshire cattle. I would

also like to know if you think they

are one of the coming dairy breeds

and also what you think of them as

beef animals.



Saginaw Co. M. B.



Ayrshire Cattle.





The native home of this breed is in

the county of Ayr in southwestern

Like most other English

breeds of improved live stock, the

name is derived from the locality in

which the breed was developed.



The origin of the breed is rather

complicated, although Aiton, the Only

early authority writing on this sub-

ject, in 1811 recorded the breed as

native to the county improved by the

introduction of outside blood, prob-

ably of the Teeswater cattle which

were the foundation of the Shorthorn





slowly than do individuals of the beef

breeds. Being of the dairy type it

cannot be expected that they would

compete with the beef breeds in the

proddction of meat. '





The American AyrShlre Breeders’

Association maintains a herd book for

the breed with an advanced-registry

class. The minimum year record for

cows five years old or mOre is 8, 500

pounds of milk and 375 pounds of

butter. The excellent quality of some

American herds of this breed is at

tested by the fact that the Grand

Champion cow at the recent; Dairy

Show at Chicago was an Ayrshire, and

a grand individual, as any reader may

determine by referring to her photo-

graph as reproduced in a recent: issue

of the Michigan Farmer. The distri-

bution of the breed is wide, although

they have never gained great popular-

ity in this country outside of the east-

ern section.





 





ALLEGAN COUNTY COW CONTEST.





 





I saw a report of the cow contest at

the State Fair and, as the Allegan

county fair ran a contest along simi-





 





 





 





 





“Zyro” Metal Silo Recently Erected by WallacerBrown, of Orkland County.





breed, while other outside breeds may





 





   

   

   

   





have contributed somewhat to the im-

provement of the natiVe stock. Other

writers claim that Channel Island and

Shorthorn crosses were early used in

Ayrshire,.whi1e West Highland cattle,

Devons and to some extent Herefords,

all are said to have been introduced

into some of the herds in the county.

The breed was early subject to fads

in color, having originally been black

and white, later red and white, then

brown and white.





From these accounts of early writ-

ers, it will be noted that the Ayrshire

breed is cosmopolitan in its ancestry,

and owes its excellence largely to se~

lection from types associated with

large dairy production, particularly

with a view to securing a product

most suitable for the manufacture of

cheddar cheese, which is an important

product of Ayrshire. Ayrshire milk

has long been standard for making

this cheese in Scotland, owing to the

fact that it contains the standard

amount of fats and solids desired for

the purpose. Thus the Ayrshire breed

has been developed into a pre-emi-

nently special purpose breed along

these lines.



As a butter cow. the Ayrshire is sec-

ondary to some other breeds, although

individuals of the breed have made

some very creditable butter records.

The milk records of individuals of this

breed compare very favorably with

other special purpose breeds, Hol-

steins excepted.



In size the Ayrshire cows are larger

than the Channel Island breeds, the

American standard of size for cows

being 1,000 pounds. The individuals

of this breed naturally carry some-

what more flesh than the more refined

dairy types, and the steers make very

saleable carcasses. of good killing qual-

ity, being superior to other special

purpose dairy breeds in this regard.

They are handicapped in the matter

of beef production, however, by the





 





fact that they mature and feed more





‘ _





:oil ‘ meal.





lar lines, I thought your readers might

be interested in a report of the two

winning cows, which were Holsteins.





We charged market prices for grain

and hay, and $3.00 per ton for sweet

corn fodder. We allowed 30 cents a

pound for butter-fat and three cents

a pound for solids not fat.



The minimum dry matter require-

ment was 20 pounds.



Two ounces of fat was credited to

every cow for each ten days they had

been in milk, exclusive of the first 40





NOV. 28, 1914.





HOW TO HAVE GENTLE COWS.



To have gentle cows, we should

commence by being gentle with them

while calves; yet I have seen some

shamefully abused in trying to teach

them to drink. I remember seeing one





 





great strapping man ('2) get out of.





patience because he could not get a

calf to drink. Getting astride its back

he crowded it into the one corner of

its stall, saying, as he forced its head

into the pail, “There, now, drink, d—n

you.” But the calf did not drink. I do

not imagine that such treatment would

increase its' appetite much, do you?

“Language” Not Necessary.



Only a few days ago I picked up

one .of our farm papers and the first

thing to attract my attention was this:

“However, anyone who has ever tried

it, must remain skeptical of the pos-

sibility of teaching a calf to drink

without using language that would not

be admitted to a. family newspaper.”





I am glad to say, it was not in the

Michigan Farmer that this assertion

was made. I do not bell-eve it would

uphold such principles.



We always let the calf get good and

hungry when first taken from the

mother, then we take warm milk fresh

from the cow and for the first few

times give it our finger, wet with the

milk. With this method it is very sel-

dom we have any trouble in getting

calves to drink.



Gentle Treatment Effective.



If they receive gentle treatment

from the start, they will look for noth-

ing else and it will become second na-

ture to them, and they will expect

nothing different. For the coming cow

I much rather have the calf that has

been brought up with caresses, than

the one brought up by “language that

would not be admitted to a family

paper.”



To Show whether they appreciate

kindness or not, I will relate a little

incident that transpired with us, sev-

eral years ago. In the purchasing of

a horse, two two-year-old steers and

one yearling heifer were disposed of

—the purchaser taking them to his

farm some 15 miles distant. After they

had been gone five or six weeks, on

arising one morning we found them

lying at the gate; and the caressing

and petting they received, you may be

assured, was duly apreciated.



Our pasture and barnyard are on

oposite sides of the highway. We op‘

en both gates and ‘the stable door,





 





Cow No. 1.

Miebloem De Kol Artis.



. 7 lst day 2nd day. 3rd day

Milk. pounds ......... . ..... 59.7 60.7 57.9

Per cent fat ................ 4.00 3.906 4.2

Pounds fat ................ . 2.388 2.371 2.432

Value of product ........... .8552 8499 .8654

Cost ....................... .3181.3181 .3181

Net profit .................. 5371,5318 5473



Total ........................... can a c c c c c cc c u c c n o. c a c$116162‘

Cow No. 2.

Bertha Veeman Artie. '

' ' lst day. 2nd day. ‘ 3rd day.

Milk, pounds ............... 40.7 40.4 387

Per cent fat . . . .. ............. 4.312 3.9 3.85

Pounds fat ................. 1.756 1.576 1.491

Value of product ............ .6234 .5687 .5406

Cost .................... .. .2862 .2882 .2862 .

Net profit .................. .3372 .2865 .2544

Total protfi ....................... _ .8741

Fresh March 18,1914. Credit for time in milk ............. .45

Total ....................... , ................... . ...... 3 1.3241





 





days. Amount limited to 24 ounces of

fat.



The owner of the two Winning COWS

was M. E. Parmelee, of Hilliards. Both

were registered animals and splen-

did individuals. The cow winning first

int-he contest was given sweepstakes

by ProfrAnderson in the judging ring.



The first cow was fed a ration con-

sisting of 50 pounds of corn fodder,

seven pounds of alfalfa, 12 pounds of

grain, consisting of. bran, cottonseed

meal, gluten meal; oats, barley, and





same ration, except that ,she was giv-

en only 10 pounds of grain. '

AlleganCo. ' " ROBT. H. Anny.





‘ . .. ;,. _. ._._,_,. 1...: .4 ‘E' ”:1.— .. '7’". , m, 5”?“ ;,





Cow No. 2 received the





then just go on the hill and call,

“Come Bos,” when they look up and

then make a bee. line for the barn,

each one going to its own stall where

they find a ration of grain awaiting

them. While many have to. lead their

cows in, or else chase all over the

farm after them, this habit of finding

the grain ration awaiting them, does

away with all, this trouble, and from

the oldest cow to the youngest, they



will hustle to their places, knowing

what is awaiting them. .



A little petting when calves, and a

little graining when cows, goes far

toward making things satisfactory in.

the: dairy. » J. M. W.





H“! t: .-.> - ,1 r ‘ 1.
Nev. 28, 1.614.





="J





llllllllllIlillllllilllllllllliillllll‘u





NATIONAL WOOL GROWERS’ CON-

VENTION.





The annual meeting of the National

Wool Growers’ Association, which has

heretofore usually been held in the

winter, convened at Salt Lake City,

November 12-14. Auspicious weather

and more favorable season of the year

combined to procure a large attend-

ance of sheepmen from many parts of

the Country, even as far east as Illi-

nois, which was ably represented by

Prof. Coffey. '



In addition to the literary and busi-

ness features, was added the great ed-

ucational exhibit of the National Wool

Warehouse & Storage Co., of Chicago.

This display showed wool in all its

various stages from the sheep’s back

to cloth, and also furnished much en-

lightenment as to the different grades

of wool. Methods of preparation and

marketing wool in Australia were also

described by two visiting Australians.



The address of President Hogen-

barth outlined the past deve10pment

of the sheep industry and the factors





THE ‘M‘ICHI





lillllilllllIlll|l|lllllllilHI!lllilllllllllllllllllllilllllillllililllllllllllll"HillIllIlillillilllllllllllllllllilillliii|IllilliillllllllfllillllllillllllllllliiilllliiilllflllillllllIllllllllllllllllllllilillHilllillIllillllHiliillifllllliiiiiliLE‘





LiVe *Sto‘ck‘.‘ '





 





‘ .





fillilllilllllllllllllllllIllllll||llllllllllIllllIllllllllllllll|ll|lIii|IllillllllllllllllIlllllllilllllllllllllllilllilllllllllliillllllllllllllIll|llllillIlillllll|illllillIllllIllIllIlllllIllllllllIIIIIlllllilll|llillllillilllllIllilllllilllllilllllllfi





which must be considered in its con-

tinued progress. Chief of these are:

Sheepmen must learn principles of

breeding, preparation of and market-

ing of their products. There must be

greater co-ordination between the var-

ious factors in the business, as bank-

ers, railroads, dealers and manufac-

turers. Proper legislation to aid and

protect the industry from unjust and

unnecessary obstacles, and greater in-

terest on the part of the proper gov-

ernmental departments; proper eco-

nomical methods of care and feed;

the importance of organization and of

supporting their own institutions.



The reports of the secretary and

treasurer disclosed an expenditure of

over $8,000 this year, much of which

was incurred in protecting sheep ship-

pers’ interests before the Interstate

Commerce Commission.



The addresses were largely practi-

cal talks by representative Sheepmen,

which aroused discussion and ques-

tioning by members. C. H. Williams,

of Montana, related his experience of

over thirty years with cross breeding,





IGAN ‘FARMER





one notable result Of which was that





he found‘the pure-bred ram gave the

best results when used on average

ewes. A representative of the Forest

Service stated that sheep grazing on

the national forests were decreasing

in numbers, and cattle and horses in-

creasing. Feeding cottonseed cake in

the winter on the open range was de-

clared by Hugh Wood, of Idaho, to be

a profitable transaction by decreasing

losses and increasing wool production.

But a few years since such feeding

was considered entirely impossible

and impractical. Declaring that the

entire sheep industry was founded on

the range ewe, Roscoe Wood, of Wy-

oming, maintained that improvement

along practical substantial lines could

be best and most quickly obtained by

selection of ewes and by judgment in

breeding and using pure-bred rams. I.

W. McClure, of Utah, advocated ram

auction sales, while Hugh Sproat, of

Idaho, told of the losses caused to

Sheepmen by predatory wild animals,

especially the coyote, and insisted that

a uniform county law in the states

aided by federal support, was the only

way to exterminate these pests.



A strong resolution was passed pro-

testing against the action of Secretary

of State Bryan, at the solicitation of

American woolen manufacturers, at-



(Continued on page 476).





 





 





 





 





The‘Storyfi of the Eradication-of Foot and Mouth Disease as Told, by the Camera.





1—The trench prepared for burying the cattle and lime sacks

tom of trench. 2—Corral’ d for the slaughter. 3—





I





giled on bank. Water has seeped into bot-

l have been kille by shooting. 4—Slashing the hide before





Against Storms, Fire and Decay





You can now buy this weather-

proof, long-life roofing direct from

us at factory prices and save money.

It is all ready to put on.





Karmeberg





Metal Shingles





"We Ply the Freight"



They are fire-resisting and roof

against rain, snow, cold and heat. ey

need no repairs, because they do not rot,

crack, rust, buckle, curl nor fall off.



Every shingle guaranteed. Made of

28-gauge steel. painted or galvanized, and

come single, 8 to sheet or in clusters 2 ft.

by any length from 5 ft. to 10 ft.



Write for Big Catalog. It shows how

little it costs to get roof protection.

Send today and get ready for Winter.





KANNEBERG ROOFING & CEILING C0.





 





Gutter Prices Smashed!





   





Pressed

Steel





   





. is. . Mt - .

Buy From The Factory.





Send Today Sure for FREE ILLUSTRATED CAT. _

ALOGUE and learn how to save one-third on a high-

grado handsome cutter. You benefit by our33 years’

experience. Material and workmanship the best. You

pocket dealer’s profit. Supply limited—don’t wait—

Write





Today. KALAMAZOO CARRIAGE & HARNESS 00.





Dept. MT. 13.. KALANIAZOO. MICH.





 





 





 





 





Michigan Livestock insurance (in.

Capital Slack—$100,000. Surplus—$100,000

Home Office—Charlotte. Michigan.





Only Home 00., in Michigan.

COLON C. LlLLlE President.

H. J. WELLS, -:- Secretary-Treasurer.





 





 





 





Backs This

HER‘IZLER & 200K

Portable Wood

This is the cheapest saw manu-

factured. Onl $10 an to hich

(a; ripprtrég tabs can go .

umn 6 ar, mo

funded and all chimes pnilrlielf 1'12;

satisfactory. Write for catalog.

NERTZLER & 200K COMPANY

Box 23 Bellevllle, Pa.





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





l) MINERAL .

'"o‘lii-HEAVE' ~v

; ’ "I H ggarsREMEDY





 

 

 





83 Package OUREB any case or money refunded.

.1 Package OURES ordinary cases. Mineral Heave-

Remedy (‘0. 463 N. Fourth Ave.. Plttsbnrth’a .





Feed Molasses

Cuts cost of feeding. Write quick for prices.

PITTSBURGH MOLASSES 00., Manama-3;?"-





LOESER BROS.





Importers and Breeders of





Belgian and Percheron Stallions and Mares





We received an importation after the war

broke out in lCurOpe. We are one of the

largest importers in America and the

closest to the Michigan trade. See us

before you buy as we always have from

80 to 100 head.





 





 





 





 





 





PERGHERUN STALLIONS





FOR SALE.





15 two and three-year-olds, black. These are good

weights and desirable horses of our own bree ins.

We sell direct to the farmer at reasonable prices.





. and invite inspection.





‘ A. A. PALMER & SONS, 9‘.

r. o. Balding, Mich





R. R. Station Orleans.

Re istered‘ Percherons;

ARES. FILLIES AND »YOUNG





3300 M

.STALLIONS at rlces that will our 0 an.

L‘. c. HUNT a (90.. Eaton Rapids. 33%|:er





 





Fig.0" PM" F‘m—Reg. Shetlanrttall’finoiegndmoetly





 





urying. Harcasses p ed‘in trench and covered with lime. (Se—Ready to cover with dirt. Trench 8 ft. deep.





I ts.l tted

stock for sale. Drpo W. '1‘? fierriaon. Pigeon. IE3“.





 





r

r

r





i





i

l

l





i .





r





g .





l





LIGONIER, IND.





A“.
..aa'zsfs





The Michigan Farmer

Established 1343. ’ Copywrizht 1914.





The Lawrence Publishing Co.





Editors and Proprietors.





39 to 45 Congress-St. West. Detroit .mtan

TELEPHONE Mm 4525.



NEW YORK OFFIC 12—41 Park Row.



CHICAGO OFFC 8—604 Advertising Building.



CLEVELAND OFFICE—10114015 Oregon Ave.. N. E.



PHILADELPHIA OFFICE—214-218 Twelfth St.





 





 





M. J. LA WR EN C E ..................................... President

M. L. LAW REN C E ................................ Vicc-Pr¢sident

E. H. HOUGHTON .................................... Sec.-Treas.





 





 

 





.._.__





 





 





I. R. XVATER'BURY --------------

BURT VVERMUTH --------------- Assoicate

F. A, VVILKEN ............................ Editors

ALTA LAWSON LITFELL ........................

E. H. HOUGHTON -------------------------- Business Manager

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:

One year, 52 issues ................................... I ..... .50 cent:

Three years, 156 issues ....................................... $1.00

Five years 260 issues ............................................ 1.50





. All sent postpnid.

Canadian subscriptions 50¢ a year extra for postage.

Always send money by draft, 'postoifice money order.

registered letter or by express. We will not ‘be responsible

for money sent in letters, Address all communications to.

and make all drafts checks and postoffice orders payable to,

The Lawrence Publishing Co. ,





We never. unless through error. send The Michigan

Farmer beyond the date subscribed to—our subscription price

being always due in advance, and sample copies always free.

No bills will ever be sent should a subscription through

error be continued after expiration,





 





 





RATES OF ADVERTISING:

40cents per line agate type measurement. or $5.60 per

inch (14:12am lines per inch) per insertion. No adv‘t In

sorted for less than $1.20 each insertion. No objection-

able advertisements inserted at any price.

3 'Elhtered as second class matter at the Detroit. Michigan,

‘p‘ost‘oflice.





DETROIT, NOV. ‘28, 1914.





A FEW LEADING ARTICLES OF

THE WEEK.





 





 





 





 





 





Peppermint and its Relation to Soil

Fertility.——The fourth of 52 spe-

cial articles to be published in

consecutive issues .. . . . . . . . . . . .469



The. Ice House for Farm Use.———De-

scribing a cheaply constructed

but serviceable ice house, and es-

sentials in filling same .......... 470



Good Roads ‘in Michigan.—A de-

tailed review of good roads pro-

gress in many Michigan coun-



ties and townships ............ .471



The Fruit Growers’ Experience.—

Some phases of fruit growing in

which the season’s experience

should be reviewed ............ 472



Marketing of Perishable Products

Through Associations.——Some ex-

amples of the advantages to be

derived from such co-operative

organizations .................. 484



Winter Management of Ducks and

Geese.——Essentials "in winter

care which will make the flock

more profitable ................ 486





 





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





The report of the

market conference

held at Saginaw last

. week for the pur-

pose of discussing ways and means to

better marketing conditions for the

bean crop particularly, which will be‘

found on another page of this issue,

reflects the very satisfying interest





Saginaw Market

Conference.





Which was taken in this proposition-





by the large numberof farmers pres-

ent. Some weeks ago the chairman

of this conference wrote a short arti—

cle for the Michigan Farmer, on the

bean situation, in which he expressed

the opinion that if a conference of

fifty or more leading bean growers

were called for the purpose of taking

definite action in this matter, the re-

sult would be an early advance in the

price of beans. Our faith in the inter-

est which would be taken in such a

propaganda by the bean growers of

the state was so great that we at

once urged him to take the initiative

and, with the aid of other influential

farmers and educators, call such a

meeting at the earliest possible date.

The issue of the call for the Saginaw

conference followed, with the result

that a. preliminary organization of

Michigan bean growers has been ef-

fected, and there is now a good pros-

pect that a thorough organization of

this industry will result, and this spe-

cial line of agricultural production in

Michigan will be greatly benefited

thereby. Incidentally, it should be





 





t.





( a





"Tan-E; Mgi'c H I on NF an M- E._,:n ~ "





mum





noted that the bean market took an





upward turn directly after the calling

of this conference. Other causes no

doubt contributed to some extent to





this rise in prices, put. there is little

doubt but. that the psychological ef;





fect of this movement was also re-

flected in the market for the product

of Michigan bean growers.



Much of the success of this new

movement will depend upon the co-

operation of the great body of farm-

ers who grow this special Cash pro-

duct. If the interest taken in this

meeting by the bean growers of cen‘

tral Michigan can be taken to indicate

the general attitude of the bean grow-

ers of the entire state, such co-opera-

tion will not be lacking. Perhaps the

greatest danger to this new move-

ment is the very enthusiasm of some

of those participating in the move-

ment, who favor the early establish-

ment of co-operative elevators for the

handling of this Michigan product,

and view with doubt the feasibility of

any other plan of bettering market

conditions. While this may be the

ultimate and ideal outcome of the

present movement, its actual accom-

plishment will be recognized as im-

practical in the near future. In the

meantime there is no doubt that great

benefit would accrue to the bean

growers, of the state from the partici-

pation in the matter of price making,

which would be insured by an organ-

ization such as it is hoped may result

from the action taken at Saginaw, and

which contemplates as a natural re-

sult a material lengthening of the

marketing season for this staple crop.

' We bespeak for this movement the

hearty interest and cooperation of ev-

ery bean grower in the state, particu-

larly in the twenty-five or m bean

growing counties in which an early at-

tempt will doubtless be made to se-

cure thc local organization of growers.

Michigan Farmer readers will be ad-

vised of further developments as soon

as plans are matured by the commit-

tee appointed at the Saginaw confer-

ence for further definite action.





In a statement is-

sued this week by

‘the Oflice of Infor-

mation, U. S. De-

partment of Agriculture, the hope is

expressed that Michigan is now free

from foot and mouth disease. All

herds known to be infected. have been

killed and buried, including 18 ship-

ments of infected cattle shipped into

Michigan from the Chicago stock

yards, and no active cases are now

known to exist. To make sure of their

entire freedom from the disease, in-

spection is now being made of every

farm in all regions previously infect-

ed. If no new cases are found it is

probable that the general quarantine

of the state will be raised at no dis-

tant date, but the embargo on stock

and other products from infected dis«

tricts will doubtless remain in force

untll'all danger of further infection is

past. Restrictions will, however, be

gradually removed as in the former

outbreak of the disease in this state,

until such time as it is judged to be

safe to discontinue the quarantine of

even infected areas.



The states most seriously affected

at the present time are Ohio, Illinois,

Indiana and Pennsylvania. Like Mich-

igan, there are states in which the

feeding industry is well developed,

and in which a large future, as well as

present, loss will be entailed by the

outbreak due to the impossibility of

shipping in feeders at present or in

the near future. The full extent of

this loss cannot be accurately esti-

mated, but it will be large, as will also

thegloss on stock now ready for mar-

ket, particularly hogs, the price of

which has~becn affected to a marked

degree because of the shipping re-

strictions which have existed in re:

cent weeks. Owners of‘ live stock





Michigan and the

Quarantine.





which can be carried over until the

embargo "is ' removed will. find} this

the more profitable course to mane.





NETIIONEAL woor. omwans' con-

VENTION. '

(Continued from page 475).

tempting to secure from Great Britain

a modification of the embargo on Aus-

tralian'wool whereby shipments might

b‘e'Tm‘a'de "to "the "United“States.



A resolution was also passed asking

the Department of Agriculture-to not

relax its efforts to secure the eradica-

tion of foot and mouth disease, be-

cause of lack of funds.



Important resolutions adopted were:

Asking Congress to authorize an im-

mediate classificati‘on of the unoccu-

pied public domain into agricultural

and grazing lands; demanding ante"

mortem as well as post-mortem- in-

spection of imported meats the same

as is required of domestic meats; that

dealers of imported meats be required

to- post a notice ,in their shop that

they handle imported meat, as a pro-

tection to the consumer; calling at-

tention tothe danger of disease in im-

ported meats, hides, wool and other

animal products, and asking the fed-

eral government to enforce every pos-

sible precaution against infection from

such sources; asking the Interstate

Commerce Commission to determine

minimum weights of double deck cars

of lambs according to actual floor

loading space; declaring unfair a. ta-

iff which places a duty on manufac-

tures of wool and none on wool, and

asking for a reasonable duty on wool;

asking for the standardization of wool

the same as cotton, and for a pure

fabric law. -



Election of officers resulted as fol-

lows: President, F. J. Hagenbarth;

Salt Lake City; vice-president, M. I.

Powers, of Arizona, and A. J. Knollin,

of Illinois; secretary, S. W. McClure,

Salt Lake City; treasurer, F. D. Mir-

acle, Helena, Mont.



Salt Lake City was chosen as the

permanent meeting place.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





Foreign.



European Wan—Changes in the war

situation have been mostly in the east

where the Germans and Austrians are

struggling hard to gain a decisive vic-

tory over the Russians. The latter

had pushed their line into Prussia on

the north, threatened Posen at the





.> .‘ -l‘vbv.23,119i4





,5..- W15» --





hmm-tcread page 519

in next week’s issue.





 





investigating and talking every precau-

tion to protect itself against an up-

rising. .



Rioting occurred among prisoners

on the Isle of Man last Thursda ,

when five of them were killed and 1

wounded. The prisoners had planned

.to escape.



‘ National.



Three vessels have been reported

lost on Lake Superior last week, and

two others“ are so long overdue that

fears are expressed for their safety.

Eighteen persons are known to have

penshed and 32 others are’ missing.



Eight lives were lost in a tenement

house fire in New York city Sunday

morning. It is believed that the fire

was of incendiary origin.



As a result of the firing upon the

American cruiser Tennessee by the

.Turks‘ at Smyrna, Secretary.:'12_ianiels

- of- the -‘ War—Qwartmcnt has ‘ given the

commanders free reign, as regards

' their, duty in the far east. The war

vessels in no case, however, are to

busy themselves in the aid of subjects

of other nations; the- protection of

Americans is to be their sole duty.



A.general conference on rural cred-

i-tS'lS beingth at Washington this

week under the auspices of the execu-

tive council of State Grange.



Gov. Ammons of Colorado Will ask

President Wilson to withdraw federal

troops from that state, "maintaining

that the Commonwealth is now able

to protect‘life and property within the

mining district where the strike is on.





MICHIGAN ’FARM ERS’ INSTI-

TUTES.‘





 





County Institutes.



Roscommon Co., Roscommon, Dec.

1-2; Crawford Co., Grayling, Dec. 2-3;

Cheboygan Co.,: Wolverine, Dec. 4-5;

Otsego Co., Vanderbilt, Dec. 5; Mont-

morency Co., Atlanta, Dec. 5; We):-

ford Co., Manton, Dec. 11-12; Missau-

kee Co., McBain, Dec. 14-15; Lake Co.,

Bristol, Dec. 16-17.



One-Dag Institutes.



Osdeola 'Co., herman Twp, Nov.

30; Tustin Dec. 1; Leroy, Dec. 2;

Avondale, Dec. 3; Evart, Dec. 4.



Muskegon Co., Casnovia, Nov. 30;





Ravenna, Dec. 1‘; Cloverville, Dec. 2;-

Fruitport, Dec. 3; Lonsdale, Dec. 4;





Dalton, Dec. 5.



Missaukee Co., Shippy, Dec. 1; Mor-

ey, Dec. 2; Stittsville, Dec. 3; Moores-

town, Dec. 4; Butterfield, Dec. ,5.



.Montmorency Co., Lewiston, Dec. 3;

Big Rock, Dec. 4; Royston, Dec. 7.



.Otsego Co., Elmira, Dec. 3; Lake-

v1ew, Dec. 4; Johannesburg, Dec. 7.



Lake”'Co., Chase, Dec. 5; Baldwin,

Dec. 7; Sauble, Dec. 14; Luther. Dec.





center and advanced well to the west 15





in Galicia, Austria, when the Germans

by massing their strength at the cen-

ter caused the invaders to fall back.

This attack, however, is now reported

to have been checked and with the

Russian concentration of troops be

tween the Warthe and Vistula rivers

completed it is believed that Warsaw

will not suffer from an attack before

winter closes the season . for moving

troops. In the west the Germans have

ordered the city of St. Nicholas, Bel-

gium, with a population of 40,000,

evacuated and trains are being with-

held east of Brussels, which leads ex-

perts to believe that big developments

are at hand, probably with Britain as

the objective. No important engage-

ments have been reported in France

and Belgium. The Austrians are now

renewing their efforts to reduce Ser-

via, but the latter country has thus

far successfully resisted the northern—

ers. Belgrade has been under fire for

some time but continues to hold out

and the reports would lead us to be-

lieve that the invaders will need to

strengthen their positions before the

city can be taken. Turkish forces are

said to have reached the Suez Canal.

The story now is, that the British bat-

tleship, “Audacious,” which sunk off

the coast of Ireland a fortnight ago,

was torpedoed by a German destroyer.



Mexico City has experienced consid-

erable disorder during the past few

days. Gen. Carranza’s soldiers evacu-

ated the city last week, turning the

affairs over to the rebel authorities.

During the change the city was with-

out proper protection and f terror





reigned. Foreign diplomats protested,





against the situation, but no relief was

given. It is expected, however, that

as soon as the Federal government

can be reorganized, the situation will

improve. . , ~

English aviators flew over the

Zeppelin; gun works.;at Friedrichshaf-

en, Germany, Sunday, and did some

damage by dropping bombs among the

bufidings. One of the airmen was

brought to the ground, while the other

two escaped. ‘ . ‘

Reports are current that a revolu-

tionary plot .ln which several mem-

bers of the Russian Dumatare- alleged

to he implicated,» has been discovered,

and the government at Betrayed is





5,; comes.





Mason Co., Logan, Dec. 8; Victory,

Dec. 9; Scottville, Dec. 10-12.



Kalkaska Co., Rapid City, Dec. 8;

Excelsmr, Dec. 9; South Boardman,

Dec. 10; Orange Twp., Dec. 11;

Springfield, Dec. 12. '



Wexford Co., Buckley; Dec. 14-1 ;

Antioch, Dec. 16; Cadillac, Dec. 16-1 ;

Boone, Dec. 18. ' .



Antrim Co., Kewadin, Dec. 14; Al-

den, Dec. 15; Bcl'ladre, Dec. 16; Cen-

tral Lake, Dec. 17; Ellsworth, Dec.

18; Alba, Dec. 19. .



Kalamazoo Co., Texas, Dec. 14; Osh-

temo, Dec. 15 West Oshtemo, Dec.

16; Alamo, Dec. 17; Damon Church,

Dec. 18; Kalamazoo, Dec. .19. -,



Oceans. Co., Cranston, Dec. 15; Be-

nona center, Dec. 16; Moore, Dec. 1 ;

Weare, Dec. 18; New Era, Dec. 1 ;

Blooming Valley, Dec. 21. ‘ '



Branch Co., Algansee, Dec. 15; Cal-

ifornia, Dec. MrK'inderhook, Dec. 17;

Gilead, Dec: 18; Noble, Dec. 19.



Farmers’ Week, Agricultural Col-

lege, East Lansing, March 1-6.





MICHIGAN SEEKEEPERS’ ANNUAL

' CONVENTION.





 





On Wednesday and Thursday;—Dec-

ember 9-10, at the Michigan AgricuL

tural College, East Lansing, the

Northern Beekeepers’ Association will

gather for their annual convention.



The two days will be spent discuss-

ing the various phases of beekeeping.

The speakers will tell their brother

beekeepers, with less experience,-how

they ,have succeeded in making bee-

keeping their source of gaining a live-

hhood. During the convention one

will meet and talk with a large num-

ber who are keeping bees, and ideas

are freely interchanged.



One man will tell the short cuts he

takes to makeup bee supplies; anoth-

er tells his methodof swarm control;

still‘athdrdexpladns how he gets his

bees town}: 1.11 Cam!) honey savers.

Everyone. seems anions Jar-give any

information that v-wlll benefit the bee-

keepqm-at'hrge, .-;,- 5 .» 7 -



, -Mcmbers «01" the 7 ,usooiazuon' we!»

come all beekecpers of Michigan,

who, thee gfihfi ginmthc ‘



it ~ ' t domes, on

Wednesday and Thur





9 an“ 10. V ,1. December





 





 





 





.u- 1





”1 ..m1.





xvi-
are FARM BOY





 

 

 





 

   





 





 





 





 





puaLIS’”





: . , LITERATURE



POETRY one GIRL



E HISTORY «me SCIENTIFIC an?

‘i INFORMATION ”My; tgflreg; MECHANICAL





 





 





 





,A__ I





This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper every week. Every article is writtten especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere.





 





i ' WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES.





 





 





«allo— .

Copyright by Underwood & Underwoml. N. Y.





Q Copyright by Underwood & Underwood. N. Y.

Red Cross Nurse Cheering Belgian Soldiers in the Trenches. The Late Lord Roberts in Foreground Making His Last Inspection.





 





I I. ,

I,

i

' t I Copyright by Underwood 8: Underwood. N. Y

erm- Armored Motorr‘Cars Provided by Canada for use in the European War Shown Above. Below the fine Appearing Canadian Troopers Marching Across





Salisbury Plain to be Reviewed by His Majesty—the King.
1 434-10





fillllllfllflflifllllllllfllllflmllflllllllflflimmlllllmllllmtifllilfllllllfllllllilflllflllllfllllllifllllfllflflllllllllifillWMH





.Winston of the Prairie





BY HAROLD BINDLOSS.





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Copyrighted by Frederick A. Stoker Company.





 





TH E_. M it; H I GA N FNIA R_;M'E”Rv





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fimlmunmIIlumnmnlmlmmnImmmmmlmIlmlmnnmnmmuImmmnmmmnnmmulmnmmummm , : : .,

synopsis of Previous Chapters.





 





~21“HWHWHWWIMHMHWNHfi





Farmer Winston, a bankrupt homesteader, accepts a proposal to simu-





late Lance Courthorne, an adventurer.





Courthorne and his pals struggle





with the police,_kill Trooper Shannon, who leaves evidence pointing to Win-

ston as the murderer, and smuggle through some illegal distillery products.

To. Silverdale, a settlement founded by Colonel Barrington, Maud Barring-





ton, his niece and ward, has just returned from Montreal.





The Colonel is





worried over a fall in wheat prices, and also over the coming of Lance





\Courthorne, Miss Barrington’s cousin,

father’s estate.





to Silverdale to claim a share of his





Maud Barrington learns more of her cousin’s unsavory





past. Winston, in the meantime, pushes on to Montana, is held for Court—

horne by an officer, who dIScloses to him the belief that Winston is the

murderer of Shannon. Mail for Courthorne-is opened by Winston. Comply-

ing with instructions in the letter, he meets and confers with a lawyer re- .





specting Courthorne’s inheritance at Silverdale, visits the colony.





Some





of his actions fail to tally with Courthorne’s reputation. He wins the good

will of Dane, the Colonel’s adviser. The real Courthorne, supposed to have

been drowued during the smuggling, now reappears in Montana, meets

Ailly Blake, whose life he had blighted and who is now engaged to one





Potter, rancher.





Winston, returning from Winnipeg, finds Miss Barrington





at one MacDonald’s, and in an attempt to reach Silverdale they are caught

in a blizzard. The night is spent at a lonely building and the following

day they reach home through the heroic efforts of Winston.





CHAPTER XL—(Continued).





The return journey was even more

arduous, and now and then Maud Bar-

rington felt a curious throb of pity for

the worn-out man who, during most of

it, walked beside the team; but it was

accomplished at last, and she contriv-

ed to find means of thanking him

alone when they reached the Grange.



Winston shook his head, and then

smiled a little. “It isn’t nice to make

a bargain,” he said. “Still, it is less

pleasant now and then to feel under

an obligation, though there is no rea-

son why you should.”



Maud Barrington was not altogether

pleased, but she could not blind her-

self to facts, and it was plain that

there was an obligation. “I am afraid

I cannot quite believe that, but I do

not see what you are leading to.”



‘Winston’s eyes twinkled. “Well,”

he said reflectively. “I don’t want you

to fancy that last night commits you

to any line of conduct in regard to

me. I only asked for a truce, you

see.”



Maud Barrington was a trifle net-

tled. “Yes,” she said.



“T en, I want to show you how you

can ischarge any trifling obligation

you may fancy you may owe me,

which, of course, would be more pleas.

ant to you. Don’t allow your uncle to

_ sell any wheat forward for you, and

persuade him to sow every acre that

belongs to you this spring.”



“But however would this benefit

you?” asked the girl. ‘



Winston laughed. “I have a fancy

that I can straighten up things at Sil-

verdale, if I can get my way. It

would please me, and I believe they

want it. Of course, a desire to im-

prove anything appears curious in

me!”



Maud Barrington was relieved of the

necessity of answering, for the Col-

onel came up just them, but, moved

by some sudden impulse, she nodded

as if in agreement.



It was afternoon when she awaken-

ed from a refreshing sleep, and de-

scending to the room set apart for





herself and her aunt, sat thoughtfu11y\





still a while in a chair beside the

stove. Then, stretching out her hand,

she took up a little case of photo-

graphs and slipped out one of them.

It was a portrait of a boy and a pony,

but there was a significance in the

fact that she knew just where to find

it. .The picture was a good one, and

once more Maud Barrington noticed

the arrogance. which did not, however,

seem out of place there in the lad’s

face. It was also a comely face, but

there was a hint of sensuality in it

that marred its beauty. Then with a

growing perplexity she compared it

with that of the weary man who had

lodded beside the team. Winston

as not arrogant, but resoiute, and“

there was no stamp of indulgence in

his face. Indeed, the girl had from

the beginning recognized the virility





in ‘a that was tinged with ”mum





and sprang from a simple strenuous

life of toil in the wind and sun.



Just then there was a rustle of

fabric, and she laid down the photo-

graph a moment too late, as her aunt

came in. As it happened, the elder

lady’s eyes rested on the picture, and

a faint flush of annoyance crept into

the face of the girl. It was scarcely

perceptible, but Miss Barrington saw

it, and though she felt tempted, did

not smile.



“I did not know you were down,"

she said. “Lance is still asleep. He

seemed very tired.”



“Yes,” said the girl. “That is very

probable. He left the railroad before

daylight, and had driven round to‘ sev-

eral farms before he came to Macdon-

ald’s, and he was very considerate. He

made me take all the furs, and, I

fancy, walked up and down all night

long, with nothing on but his indoor

clothing, though the wind went

through the building, and one could

scarcely keep alive a few feet from

the stove.”



Again the faint flicker of color crept

into the girl’s cheek, and the eyes

that were keen as well as gentle, no-

ticed it. “I think you owe him agood

deal,” said.Miss Barrington.



“Yes,” said her niece, with a little

laugh which appeared to imply a trace

of resentment. “I believe I do, but he

seemed unusually anxious to relieve

me of that impression. He was also

good enough to hint that nothing he

might have done need prevent me be-

ing—the right word is a triflle difficult

to find—but I fancy he meant unpleas-

ant to him if I wished it.”



There was a twinkle in Miss Bar-

rington’s eyes. “Are you not a trifle

hard to please, my dear? Now, if he

had attempted to insist on a claim to

your gratitude you would have resent-

ed it.” _



“Of course,” said the girl reflective-

ly. “Still, it is annoying to be de‘

barred from offering it. There are

times, aunt, when I can’t help wishing

that Lance Courthorne had never

come to Silverdale, There are men

who leave nothing just as they found

it, and whom one can’t ignore.”



Miss Barrington shook her head. “I

fancy you are wrong. He has offend-

ed, after all?”



She was pleased to see her niece’s

face reiax into a smile that expressed

unconcern. “We are all exacting now

and then,” said the girl. “Still, he

made me promise to give him a fair

trial, which was not flattering, be-

cause it suggested that I had been un-

necessarily harsh, and then hinted

this morning that he had no intention

of holding me to it. It really was not

gratifying to find he held the conces-

sion he asked for of so small account.

You are, however, as easily swayed

by trifles‘ as I am, becamerLanee can:

do no wrong since he kissed your

hand.”



“I really think I’ liked him the bet-

ter for it,“ said the RN18 aims-ms





bdy “TE‘B‘fEespect was not assumed, ’

but Wholly phoneme, you see, and “





whether I’ was entitled to it or not, it





. was a good deal in Lance’s favor that





he should offer it to me. There must

be some good’in the man who can be

moved to reverence anything, even if

he is mistaken." '



“No man with any sense could help

adoring you,” said Maud Barrington.

“Still, I wonder why you believe I was

wrong in wishing he had not come to

Silverdale ?”



Miss Barrington looked thoughtful.

“I will tell you, my dear. There are

few better men than my brother, but

his thoughts, and the traditions he is

bound by, are those of fifty years ago,

while the restless life'of the prairie is

a thing of today. We have fallen too

far. behind at Silverdale, and a crisis

is coming that none of us are prepar-

ed for. Even Dane is scarcely fitted

to help my brother to face it, and the

rest are either over-fond of their pleas-

ure or untrained boys. Brave lads they

are, but none of them have been

taught that it is only by mental strain,

-or the ceaseless toil of his body, the

man without an inheritance can win

himself a competence now. 'This is

why they want a leader who has

known hardship and hunger, instead

of ease, and won what he holds with

his own hand in place of having it

given to him.”



“You fancy we could find one in

such a man as Lance has been?”



Miss Barrington looked grave. “I

believe the prodigal was afterwards a

better as well as a wiser man than

the one who stayed at home, and I am

not quite sure that Lance’s history is

so nearly like that of the son in the

parable as we have believed it to be.

A residence in the sty is apt to leave

a stain which I have not found on

him, though I have looked for it.”





The eyes of the two women met,

and though nothing more was said,

each realized that the other was per-

plexed by the same question, while

the girl was astonished to find her

vague suspicions shared. While they

sat silent, Colonel Barrington came in.



“I am glad to see you looking so

much better, Maud,” he said, with a

trace of embarrassment. “Courthorne

is still resting. Now, I can’t help feel-

ing that we have been a trifle more

distant than was needful with him.

The man has really behaved very dis-

creetly. I mean in everything.”





This was a great admission, and

Miss Barrington smiled. “Did it hurt

you very much to tell us that?” she

asked.



The Colonel laughed. “I know what

you mean, and if you put me on my

mettle, I’ll retract. After all, it was

no great credit to him, because blood

will tell, and he is, of course, a Court-

horne.”



Almost without her intention, Maud

Barrington’s eyes wandered towards

the photograph, and then looking up

she met those of her aunt, and once

more she saw the thought that trou-

bled her in them. '



“The Courthorne blood is responsi-

ble for a good deal more than discre-

tion,” said Miss Barrington, who went

out quietly.



Her brother appeared a trifle per-

plexed. “Now, I fancied your aunt

had taken him under her wing, and

when I was about to suggest that,

considering the connection between

the families, we might ask him over

to dinner occasionally, she goes away,"

he said.



The girl looked down a moment. for

realizing that her uncle recognized the

obligation he was under to the man

he did not like, she remembered that

she herself owed him considerably

more, and he had asked for something

in return. ' It was not altogether easy





to grant: 'butshe .hxd'tscifly pledged

herself; and turning suddenly she hid '





a hand on Barrington's arm.

“Of course, but I want to talk of





mm: else: 3m new,” ' .SML 93333..





, . W'Wmmewsmmmtwfi»4-1ugewu_rw...-.._ .. _. .., , ,





vi





W





Nov. ‘28. {1914. '





A PRAYER: .





_ BY_EDITII DART.

As dreams before waking

rOur visions depart

,Of peace and foran

Of war’s cruel dart.





 





While brotherhood preaching

Man-kind’s common lot,

Now Europe starts teaching



By powder and shot.





0! nations in combat,

0! peoples who fight,

God mercifully grant that

Shall triumph the right;





And once again men may

In brotherhood dwell,



Resolving to put away

War’s cruel spell.





Then shall we rejoicing

In peace end all strife:

Our gratitude voicing

By better lived life.

WWMWWIWHW " l-f v ‘ ”6»

“You know I have very seldom asked

you questions about my affairs, but I

wish to take a little practical interest

in them this year.” ‘



“Yes," said Barrington, with a

smile. “Well, I am at your service,

my dear, and quite ready to account

for my stewardship. You are no long-

er my ward, except by your own

wishes." ' ’



“I am still your niece,’ said the girl,

patting his arm. “Now, there is, of

course, nobody who could manage the

farming better than you do, but I

would like to raise a large crop of

wheat this season.”



“It wouldn’t pay,” said the Colonel

who grew suddenly grave. “Very few

men in the district are going to sow all

their holding. Wheat is steadily go‘

ing down."



“Then if nobody sows there will be

very little, and shouldn’t that put up

the prices?”



Barrington’s eyes twinkled. “Who

has been teaching you commercial

economy? ,‘You are too pretty to un-

derstand such things, and the argu-

ment is fallacious, because the wheat

is consumed in Europe; and even if

we have not much to offer, they can

get plenty from California, Chile, In-

dia and Australia.”



“Oh, yes—and Russia,” said the girl.

“Still, you see, the big mills in Winni-

peg and Minneapolis depend upon the

prairie. They couldn’t very well bring

wheat in from Australia.”



Barrington was still smiling with his

eyes, but his lips were set. “A little

knowledge is dangerous, my dear, and

if you could understand me better, I

could show you where you were

wrong. As it is, I can only tell you

that I have decided to sell wheat for-

ward and plow very little.”



“But that was a policy you con<

demned with your usual vigor. You

really know you di .”



“My dear,” said the Colonel, with a

little impatient gesture, “one can nev-

er argue with a lady. 'You see—cir-

cumstances alter cases considerably.”



He nodded with an air of wisdom as

though that decided it, but the girl

persisted. “Uncle,” she said, drawing

closer to him with lithe gracefulness,

“I want you to let me have my own

way just this once, and if I am wrong,

I will never do anything you do not

approve of again. After all, it is a

very little thing, and you would like

to please me.”



“It is a trifle that is likely to cost

you a great deal of money,” said the

Colonel dryly.



“I think I could afford it, and you

could not refuse me.”



“As I am only your uncle, and no

longer a trustee, I could not," said

Barrington. “Still, you would not act

against my wishes?”



His eyes were gentle, unusually so,

for he was not as a rule very patient

when anyone questioned his will, but

there was a reproach in them that

hurt the girl. Still, because she had

promisedsse persisted. ' I



“No,” she odd. “That is .why it

would be ever so much nicer if you

wouldjust think as I did.”

~' firm modem ” he: -" steeds”;





 





 





 





 





«“4
N 0V. 28, 1914.





“If you insist, I can at least hope for

the best " he said, with a gravity that

brought a faint color to the listener’s

cheek. '



It Was next .day when Winston took

his leave, and Maud 'Barrington stood

beside him, as he put on his driving

furs.



“You told me there was something

you wished me to do, and, though it

was difficult, it is done,” she said. “My

holding will be sown with wheat this

spring.”



Winston turned his head aside a

moment, and apparently found it need-

ful to tumble at the iastenings of the

furs, while there was a curious ex—

pression in his eyes when he looked

around again.



“Then,” he said, with a little smile,

“we are quits. That cancels any little

obligation which may have existed.”



He had gone in another minute, and

Maud Barrington turned back into the

stove-warmed room very quietly. Her

lips were, however, somewhat tightly

set.





 





CHAPTER XII.

Speed the Plow.





, INTER had fled back beyond

QX/ the barrens, to the lonely

north at last, and although



here and there a little slushy snow

still lay soaking the black loam in a

hollow, a warm wind swept the vast

levels, when one morning Colonel Bar-

rington rode with his niece and sister

across the prairie. Spring comes sud-

denly in that region, and the frost-

bleached sod was steaming under an

efiulgent sun, while in places a hardy

flower peeped through. It, was six

hundred miles to the forests on the

Rockies’ eastern slope, and as far to

the Athabascan pines, but 'it seemed

to Maud Barrington that their resin-

ous sweetness was in the glorious





western wind, which awoke a musical





sighing from the sea .of rippling grass.

It rolled away before her in billows of

lustrous silver-gray, and had for sole

boundary the first upward spring of

the arch of cloudless blue, across

which the vanguard of the feathered

host pressed on, company by com-

pany, towards the Pole.



The freshness of it all stirred her

blood like wine, and the brightness

that flooded the prairie had crept into

her eyes, for those who hear the iron

Winter of that lonely land realize the

wonder of the reawakening, which in

a little space of days dresses the

waste, that has lain for months white

and silent as the dead, in living green.

It also has its subtle significance that

the grimmest toiler feels, and the es-

sence of it is hope eternal and trium-

phant life. The girl felt the thrill of

it, and gave thanks by an answering

brightness, as the murmuring grasses

and peeping flowerets did, but there

was behind her instinctive gladness a

vague wonder and expectancy. She

had read widely, and seen the life of

the cities with understanding eyes,

and now she was ‘to be provided with

the edifying spectacle of the gambler

and outcast turned farmer.



'Had she been asked a few months

earlier whether the man who had, as

Courthorne had done, cast away his

honor and wallowed in the mire, could

come forth again and purge himself

from the stain, 'her answer would have

been coldly skeptical, but now with

the old familiar miracle and what it

symbolized before her eyes, the thing

looked less improbable. Why this

should give her pleasure she did not

know, or would not admit that she

did, but the fact remained that it

was so. ’



Trotting down the slope of the next

rise, they came upon him,;as he stood

by a great breaker plow with very lit-

tle sign of dissolute living upon him. In

front of him the quarter-mile furrow

led on beyond the tall. sighting. 590188

on the crest of the next rise, and tour

splendid horses, of a kind not very

usual on the prairie, were stamping

the steaming clods .athtsvalde'. .{Bronz-





ed by frost and sun, with his brick-red





neck and arch of chest revealed by z

the coarse blue shirt that, belted at '





the waist, enhanced his slenderness,

the repentant prodigal was at least a





passable specimen .of the animal man, '

but it was the strength and patience

in his face that struck the girl, as he ‘





turned towards her, bareheaded, with

a little smile in his eyes. She also

noticed the difference he presented





with his ingrained hands and the stain





of the soil upon him, to her uncle, who

sat his horse,» immaculate as usual,





with gloved hand on the bridle, for 5





the Englishmen at Silverdale usually

hired other men to do their coarser

work for them.



“So you are commencing in earnest

in face of my opinion?” said Barring-

ton. “Of course, I wish you success,

but that consummation appears dis-

tinctly wonderful.”



Winston laughed as he pointed to a

great machine which, hauled by four

horses, rolled towards them, scatter-

ing the black clods in its wake. “I’m

doing what I can to achieve it, sir,”

he said. “In fact, I’m staking some-

what heavily. That team with the

gang plows and cultivators cost me

more dollars than I care to remem-

her.”



“No doubt,” said Barrington dryly.

“Still, we have always considered ox-

en good enough for breaking prairie

at Silverdale.”



Winston nodded. “I used to do so,

sir, when I could get nothing better,

but after driving oxen for eight years

one finds out their disadvantages.”



Barrington’s face grew a trifle stern.

“There are times when you tax our

patience, Lance,” he said. “Still,

there is nothing to be gained by ques-

tioning your assertions. What I fail to

see, is where your reward for all this

will come from, because I am still con-

vinced that the soil will, so to speak,

give you back eighty cents for every

dollar you put into it. I would, how-

ever, like to look at these implements.

I have never seen better ones.”



He dismounted and helped his com-

panion down, for Winston made no

answer. The farmer was never sure

who actuated him, but, save in an oc-

casional fit of irony, he had not at-

tempted by any reference to make his

past fall into line with Courthorne’s

since he had first been accepted as the

latter at Silverdale. He had taken the

dead man’s inheritance for a while,

but he would stoop no further, and to

speak the .truth, which he saw was

not credited, brought him a grim

amusement and also flung a sop to his

pride. ‘Presently, however, Miss Bar-

rington turned to him, and there was

a kindly gleam in her eyes as she

glanced at the splendid horses and

widening strip of plowing.”



“You have the hope of youth, Lance,

to make this venture when all looks

black—-and it pleases me," she said.

“Sometimes I fancy that men had

braver hearts than they have now,

when I was young.”



Winston flushed a trifle, and stretch-

ing out an arm swept his hand round

the horizon. “All that looked dead a

very little while ago, and now you can

see the creeping greenness in the sod,”

he said. “The lean years cannot last

forever, and even if one is beaten

again, there is consolation in knowing

that one has made a struggle. Now, I

am quite aware that you are fancying

a speech of this kind does not come

well from me.”



(Continued next week).





 





BITS 0F ‘WlSDOM.





 





Exercise is the chief source of im-

gprOVement in .all our faculties—Blair.



One thorn of experience is worth a

whole wilderness of warning—Lowell.



Never educate a child to be a gen-

:tlemarr or a lady«-alone,~.but -tov,be 'a

41mm,- 8." woman—Herbert; Spencer.



A man can find more reasons for

doing as he wishes than for doing as

he ought. ‘—-:John Ruskin. ' .





Not Save 50c





on fie Dollar when

You Buy Winter





This label on

every garment





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Buy none

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HELASWC XIV/7’ ’





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At Home and Elsew ere





%





 





 





 





[L





 





Michigan’s Happy Babies—No. 4.





By DEBORAH.





EGINNING with the weak form-

B ula given last week, the mother



has the difficult, but absorbing

and fascinating task, of gradually

strengthening the baby’s food so that

he may get as quickly as possible all

the food he can digest properly and

comfortably and begin to show a

weekly gain of at least four ounces.

This gain need not be expected for

the first week, nor indeed for the sec-

ond in most cases. In every case the

infant loses a half pound during the

first few days, which he will quickly

make up, however, if properly fed.



In making any increase in the

baby’s food, either in changing the

size of the meal or in strengthening

the formula by adding more cream,

skim-milk or sugar, the mother must

remember never to make a sudden

change. The formulas printed for our

guidance are usually arranged for cer-

tain periods of the baby’s age, a form-

ula for the first week, then from two

weeks to a month, another for two

months old, etc. Thus the formula

for the child a week old may read

eight teaspoonsful of cream, and for

the balance of the month four ounces

daily. This does not mean that when

the baby is seven days old he is to be

given eight teaspoonsful of cream

and on the eighth a jump is to be

made to four ounces. On the con-

trary, on the eighth day the mother is

to continue to add a teaspoonful of

cream just as she has been doing,

Watching the effect on the child’s di-

gestion, and the same on each suc-

ceeding day, until at the end of the

month the amount of cream has been

brought. up as near to the formula as

the child can take.



Always remember that no formula

is printed for your individual child.

They are all general rules which you

must adapt for your own little one,

and your judgment is of more value





' than all the advice of all the doctors





in the world, who are not right on the

spot to watch the case hourly as you

are.



Beginning the second week you may

begin to add skim-milk to the formula

you are then using, providing every-

thing is going all right. On the day

that you make your first addition of

skim-milk do not add any more cream,

however, as in that case you could





i not tell which upset the digestion if





any difficulty occurred. Start with a

tablespoonful the first day, and skip

a day before adding more. If the

child digests this comfortably you may

add a teaspoonful the third day, con-

tinuing the additions during the next

three weeks until the child is taking

from one to two ounces daily at the

end of the first month. Some children

will not be able to take more than an

ounce, while those more robust can

take more. It is for you to decide

what is best for your own baby.

Meantime continue the additions of

cream to the formula, bringing the to-

tal up to from two to four ounces

daily at the end -of the first month.

The total amount depends entirely

upon your baby’s digestive powers.

With a delicate baby never add cream

and skim-milk on the same' day, nor

increase the size of the feed on the

day you increase its strength. A heal-

thy baby mi-ght stand an increase both





in quantity and quality, or increases

of proteids and fats on the same day,

but if you are having trouble with

your baby the only safety lies in ob-

serving every tiny preCaution. It is

better to work slowly and be safe

than to try to hurry the child and

make matters worse. Do not worry

about the weight, unless the baby be-

gins to lose. His weight may remain

stationary for several days, but if he

is not worrying and the stomach and

bowels are all right, there is no dan-

ger.



During the first week the amount of

lime water taken during the 24 hours

may be raised to two tablespoonsful,

and after this to four tablespoonsful

daily, giving a little more in hot

weather. This should always be ad-

ded just before the feeding. ,



The addition of sugar to the food is

the simplest. For the first week one

ounce of milk sugar to 16 ounces of

food is the standard rule. This may

be altered during the next three

weeks until at the end of the first

month the ratio is one ounce of milk

sugar to 14 ounces of food. Remem-

ber to use half as much granulated





32g





 





 





 





 





‘3





sugar as milk sugar. After the first

month the amount need vary but lit-



e, except to decrease if you begin

to add starch to the diet in the shape

of gruels or patented baby foods.

Starch and sugar have the same gen-

eral effect, and if you add starch the

sugar will necessarily decrease, or the

baby will be getting too much of this

sort of food. .





 





HOME QUERIES.





 





Household Editort—I used the

formula printed in Michigan Farmer

last week for my baby, but he cried

and acted hungry. He is six weeks

old and that does not seem like

enough food for him.—~—Mrs. M.





He probably is hungry, and if the

stomach and bowels are in normal

condition you can increase the strength

of the food at once. Give at least an

ounce of cream, or two tablespoonsful,

and one tablespoonful of skim-milk.

increasing these amounts on alternate

days as you see he can digest them.

When he can not stand any further

increases in the strength of the food,

make the feedings a little larger, ad-

ding a half tablespoonful to every oth-

er bottle to begin with. If he vomits

sour food an hour or so after eating,

reduce the fat, or cream. Too much

cream also will loosen the bowels.





IllllllllIIEIHIHIEIHHiliillllllilllllllllllllllllilllHHHHIIHHIIIHIHIilllllilllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllIHllllllllllllllllllllliillllHlllllllIHlllllllllllllilllllllll IlllHHHI|IllllllIllllllllllllllllllll|HillIlllllll|IIHIIIHIIINIIIHIIIHI





The Domestic Crucible—3.





John Advances Some Philosophy.





HERE is one thing we must re-



member, Grace, and that is not



to talk over our tiffs with out-

siders.”



John Ludlow pulled the little curl

that always would hang down over his

wife’s forehead, as he spoke, and drop-

ped down on the comfortable lounge

beside her in the dining—room.



“Why, John Ludlow, what are you

talking about?” Grace said reproach-

fully. “That sounds as though you

thought we were going to spend our

time quarreling." She picked up a bit

of fancy work as she spoke, but wait-

ed for John’s reply before beginning

to “count stitches.”



“Not at all,” said John, stretching

out on the couch, and dexterously

pushing Grace off as he did so. “Not

at all, but of course: we will scrap

sometimes, and the thing to do is to

keep still about it afterwards.”



“The idea,” said Grace, dropping her

work and pouncing upon John to re-

cover her place on the couch. “Not a

month married, and you begin to talk

about quarreling already. ‘Speak for

yourself, John, maybe you want to

quarrel, but I don’t.”



“It isn’t a question of wanting to,”

replied John, “It’s a matter of doing. I

say we’re bound to scrap sometime or

other, and I want to prepare for it be—

forehand. All married folks quarrel.”



“It isn’t at all necessary,” Grace

said rather warmly. “No well-balanc-

ed couple need have any disagreeable

words.” '



“Righto,” said John, warding ofi the

sofa cushion Grace hurled at his head

with an aim that shattered all re-

marks about woman’s ability to throw

straight. “Of course they needn’t, but





they do. You see, we’re real folks and





not story bOOk ones. -And so long as

men are men and women are women,

with viewpoints as different as black





and white, I say married folks are

bound to scrap.” *

“What awful words, ‘scrap’ and





‘quarrel,’ said Grace. “They have no

place in a truehome.”



“Well, say ‘heated argument’ if you

like that better,” John suggested ami-

ably. “Or just say that husbands and

wives are bound to disagree some-

times. I don’t care how you express

it yso long as we keep it to ourselves.”



“If you ‘mean my mother,” said

Grace, “of course I wouldn’t tell her.

I’d never have her know we had a

word of difference. Why, she and

father are always in perfect accord. I

couldn’t imagine their disagreeing ov-

er anything.”



“Except over what to, name the

farm, and the color the house should

be painted, and where you were to go

to school,” laughed John. “Of course,

they had no words over those matters.

Things just went as your mother said

and your father went out to the barn

and swore at the horses.”





“Why, John lelow," Grace cried

tearfully. “How can you say such

dreadful things of my father and

mother?”





“Just to show you that they are hu-

man,” said John, “and that they and

you and I and all the other life part-





ners in the universe could never by,





any possibility think alike on. every

subject. Why, we’re going to disagree

over this thing if we don’t stop talk-

ing about it.”



“Well, I’ll promise never to tell any-

one if ,we do,” Grace said, dabbing her

eyes with a bit of oambric. “And I, at

least, am determined never to disa-

gree about anything.” - . _ ‘



_"Here’s.hoping,” John said cheer-

fully, as he'gavehe‘r a hearty hug.

“Andas a good beginning have dinner

on the stroke of 12 today instead of

15 minutes after, won’t you?” ' - -





‘ .





“I didn’t mean to be late yester-

day,” said Grace, flushing guiltily,

“but it was so pleasant out doors and

we must have a garden.”



“Yes, and a bumper crop of sugar

beets, too, which same need my atten-

tion this minute,” said John. And

whistling boyishly he started field-

ward. DEBORAH.





SHORT curs ‘To HOUSEKEEPING.





 





For slight bowel trouble such as

children frequently are troubled with,

our grandmothers prescribed thicken-

ed milk. As a corrective of ordinary

diarrhoea this remedy is today effica-

cious, is easily prepared and palata-

ble. Take a pint or more of sweet

milk and set it over the fire. While

it .is heating stir up some wheat flour

with cold milk as for thickening for

gravy, only the lumps need not be

entirely removed. Use half a cupful

or more, according to the quantity of,

milk. When the milk reaches the boil-

ing point drop in the flour mixture by

spoonfuls and let it cool: for a few

minutes, observing care that it does

not burn on the bottom of the dish.

Salt to taste and allow it to cool. To

be eaten warm with or without sugar.

—E. R. R.





FASHIONS ‘BY MAY MANTON





Our large Fashion Book, containing

illustrations of over 700 of the sea-

son’s latest styles, and devoting sev-

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be sent to any address on receipt of

ten cents.





 





 





 





 





 





 





No. 8213—Girl’s Dress. Cut in sizes

10, 12 and 14 years. Size 12 years

requires 41/; yards of 36-inch material

With 41/9yards of banding.



.No. 8158—Girl’s Dress. Cut in sizes

6 to 10 years. Size 8 requires 2%

yards of 36-inch material for dress

and 114 yards any width for bloomers.



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The above patterns Willubemalled

to any address by the Fashion Depart-

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ceipt of ten cents each, .~ ' '. '
NOV. 28, 1914.





 





THE Mil-CHI“





a.





G_AN_ FARMER





13—481





 





. gill!IlHlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlljllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHIIlllllllllllllIlillllllllillg





E





'5 IllllllIllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllll||ll[IllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll

fsoME OF MlCHlGAN’S NEEDS.





 





”'A talk I on education, entitled as.





above, was given by State Superin-

tendent of Public Instruction Fred L.

Keeler, at the meeting of Calhoun'Po-

mona Grange, November 12, when it

was entertained by Home Grange at

Stanley Hall. .



, Mr. Keeler, as the head of the Edu-

cational System of Michigan, stands

_for plain, practical branches of learn-

ing and wishes to abolish useless fads.

He says that the boy and girl should

learn domestic science and agricul-

ture at home, and in school let them

thoroughly master the subject of read-

ing, writing and arithmetic.



He said that in his opinion, the

child’s first year in school is the most

important, it is then he acquires the

habits of application and thorough-

ness, or does not.



Mr. Keeler said that a school board

should look upon the work of hiring

a teacher as its most serious and im-

portant duty, which should receive the

Conscientious thought and considera-

tion of its members.



“And now, you mothers and fath-

ers,” he said, “see that your boys and

girls are properly taught to read, that

they may acquire the reading habit;

that in arithemtic they master the

practical problems which the average

man and woman use in everyday life.

See that they are taught to write

a plain legible hand that can be read

by anyone with ease. And finally,

make them your chums, take them in-





to partnership. Herein lies the secret B





of keeping them on the farm, and

from the ways of wrongdoing.”



Mrs. A. F.‘Mead read a well written

paper, “Michigan Today and Yester-

day,” in which she gaVe incidents of

‘Michigan’s pioneer life, and concluded

with a history of its resources and

great agricultural advantages of to-

day. ‘ ~ ,



Several musical numbers were ren-

dered by the Stanley Orchestra, an

organization of which Calhoun Pomo-

na is justly proud, and “America” and

“Michigan, My Michigan” were sung

by the Grange, accompanied by the

orchestra. '



Stanley (Grange is one of the enter-





p‘rising Granges of. the state and has-





recently added 20 feet to its hall, in-

cluding a well planned, well‘equipped

kitchen, and upstairs two cloak rooms

and toilets.



,Altogether this was one of those

worth-while, enjoyable occasions, of

which our Order has so many.—Mrs.

Laura A. Minges. '





 





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





 





Charlotte Grange has been invited

to exemplify the. third degree at the

meeting of the State Grange at Battle

Creek this winter, and already the

degree team is at work preparing for

the event. Last winter this team gave

the work in the Masonic Temple dur-

ing the big county rally, and at that

time Miss Jennie Buell, of Ann Arbor,

state lecturer, was present, and ex-

pressed her wonderment at the man-

ner in which Charlotte Grange did the

work, and said the rest of the state

should have an opportunity to benefit

by seeing the work exemplified at the

meeting of the State Grange. There

are 38 members in the team, which

includes the famous Harvest March

contingent, and there will be a large

delegation from Eaton county at Bat-

tle Creek next December to cheer the

team in their work.



Unless All Signs'Fail, State Master

John C. Ketcham Wlll report to the

meeting of the National Grange in

November that Eaton county leads

the world for the past "year in the

matter of increase in Grange member-

ship during the past year. The Na-

tional Grange will meet in regular ses-

sion at ,Wilmington, Delaware, next

month and ifEaton county can go. be-

fore that body and show that its per-

centage of growth has been the . eat:





est-of any county 'in the United. tates

it will be some honor for this count

and for Michigan Grangers. It wil





be remembered that, during last winé

ter the various Granges of this county





enjoyed a most remarkable growth, so





much so that it attracted the atten-

tion. of the state officers, and Master

J. C. Ketcham has become interested

and is anxious to carry off the honors

for Michigan at the National Grange.

At a recent meeting at Chester, Mr.

Ketcham urged the members to get

busy for the next three weeks and se-

scure as many members as possible in

order to make the title clear by good-

ly margin, and the members of the

various Granges throughout the coun-

ty are busy with that end in view.





INFORMAL LECTURERS’ CON FER-

ENCE.





 





Constituting a short course in rural

leadership for Grange Lecturers and

others engaged in organized work in

country neighborhoods. To be held

at Lecturers’ Headquarters, State

Grange, December 8-11, Battle Creek,

Mich.



Tuesday, 8:30 a. m. .



Opening exercises, in charge of Mrs.

Laura A. Minges, Lecturer, Calhoun

Pomona. .



“Our need of training for rural

work,” Miss Jennie Buell, Lecturer

State Grange.



General discussion, led by Mrs.

Clara L. Sullivan, Lecturer, Jackson

Pomona.



. Wednesday, 8:30 a. m.



Opening exercises, in charge of Mrs.

Edith Wagar, Lecturer, Wayne Po-

mona.



“Discovering and developing rural

leadership,” C. L. Rowe, State Secre-

tary for County Work of Y. M. C. A.



General discussion led by Mrs. J. W.

Spangenberg, Lecturer Kent Pomona.



. Thursday, 8:30 a. m.



Opening exercises, in charge of R.

N. Seward, Lecturer, Menominee Po-

mona.



“Uses of exhibits, demonstrations,

pageants, drills, etc., in drawing out

latent ability,” R. D. Bailey, Farmers'

Institute Worker.



General discussion, led by Mrs.

Dora H. Stockman, Past Lecturer Cap-

itol Grange.



Friday, 8:30 a. m.

Opening exercises, in charge of Mrs.



B. Lincoln, Lecturer, Huron Po-

mona.



“Wixom Community’s Federation of

organizations,” Rev. Fay Cilley, Pas-

tor Wixom Church.



General discussion of community

co-operation, led by Chas. M. Gardner,

Editor National Grange Monthly.





COMING EVENTS.





Wayne County Pomona will meet

with Lenawee County Pomona, Thurs-

day, December 3, at Adrlan.





 





[Ellllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||Illllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllll”HillE

E a g

g Farmers Clubs g

Ell"llllllIlHIIlllllllllllllllllllllllfllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.:





 





,Have Report of Boys’ and Girls’

Work—Somerset Farmers’ Club met

Saturday, October 31, at the Somerset

parsonage with Rev. M. G—uy Vanbus-

kirk and wife.

president, Mr. Vanbuskirk acted as

chairman. Following the opening ex-

ercises Mr. Vanbuskirk reported his





kurk in the township among the boys





and girls in the junior contest of ag-

riculture. There were upwards of 40

who took part, and in their display at

the county fair at Hillsdale, secured

a large number of the prizes, both

firsts and seconds. He was well pleas-

ed with the work as a beginning and

hopes to see many more interested

the coming year, and better results.

A paper by Mr. Frank Smith, “Are

the state and county fairs any help to

the farmer?” His belief was in the

affirmative. Thinks it a great stimu-

lus to attend the fairs, especially your

county fair. He thought the State

Fair not up to the standard this year,

lacking in a good display of live stock

which is of such interest to the farm-

er. Was too much given to side

shows, etc. The states which make

most of their fairs are the greatest in

agriculture. This paper was discuss-

ed by several present. Another pa-

per, “The social advantages of farm

life compared with twenty years ago,”

was presented to the Club by Miss M.

L. Smith and discussed by Mrs. Mary

Lane. Miss Catherine Smith, Mrs. E.

White and Mr. Vanbuskirk, who

thought there was a good chance to

preach a sermon, and .indeed, be ad-

vanced ideas well worth listening to

and remembering. The Club then ad-

journed to meet with Mr. and Mrs.

Mart Walworth, Saturday, November

28. This meeting will be the election

of omcers for 1915.—Mrs. Z. E. White,

Cor. Sec. . .

Woman's Day, 1914, will go into

Club history as a veritable home-com-





! ing for Ingham County Farmers’ Club. ports





'eryone felt at home.‘ This farm has





In the absence of the.





homes of J. W. Harmon and W. R.





It was held with Mr. and Mrs. Frank

Seely at the Fuller Homestead and

was one of the largest meetings ever

held by the Club at a_ private resi-

dence, but the rooms were ample and

the arrangements so complete that ev-





been in possession of the Fuller fam-

ily since 1856 and the father, James

Fuller, helped to build better than he

knew, by being one of the charter

members. The table committee work-

ed well and faithful, and after all

were served, with Mrs. Watts at the

piano, the Club all joined in singing.

President Ives- called attention to the

State Association, which meets in De-

cember at Lansing, and Mr. and Mrs.

Alfred Allen were elected delegates to

represent us there.



Pilgrim Mothers.——Following the

business session the meeting was

turned over to Mrs. Jewett, who intro-

duced as the first speaker Mrs. Ellett,

who read an interesting and instruc-

tive paper upon “Pilgrim Mothers." In

part she said: “Of those who came

over in the Mayflower there were 18

wives whose work was that of home-

making, and told of the work done in

those early days. Instead of the con-

veniences of today, they had only the

light of the pine knot or the dim can-

dle, fire in the fireplace with a foot

warmer and a warming pan to take

the chill from the ice cold bed. She

described the work necessary to start

a fire with the flint and steel and

many would rather borrow fire. A

Boston clergyman copied'his sermons

by the light of a pine knot and the

second book published in those early

days was a “Complete Cook's Guide,”

and gave several recipes taking much

time for preparation, among them the

real succotash. In spreading the board

there was a salt cellar in the center,

something like our loving cups, and

distinguished persons would sit above

the salt cellars and others below.

Pewter was the pride of every house-

hold and the daughters of the wealthy

families were all taught to work.

Spinning was one of the fine arts and

a pound of wool would make 48 miles

of yarn. Children were taught to knit

very young and patchwork served as

a pastime, quiltings being quite social

functions. She described a day’s rou-

tine of work, also gave the necessary

things for a lady’s wardrobe, as well

as the pilgrim’s father’s wardrobe.



“Women in Business” was the topic

presented by Mrs. Melton. After tell-

ing facts about Mrs. McCormick, the

old-fashioned mother, Mrs. Potter





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Palmer, Mrs. Nectcher, and other bus-

iness women living in Chicago, said

not all business women live there, but

are everywhere. The woman’s build-

ing at San Francisco Exposition will

be a marvel of woman’s industry, and

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erywhere woman was man’s helpmeet

——When yoked together, and capable

of doing great things alone. She

spoke of the business methods neces-

sary to keep the home and closed with

a specially apt little poem, “A Brave

Fight.”



- “Women . Agriculturists."——Mrs. He-





mans gave the last paper of the after; ;





noon, upon “Women Agriculturists,”

and said women were certainly equal

to men as regards industry, and there

were many openings for her. She

spoke of the busy bees and that the

care of them could easily be done by

the women and that she would pass

by the care of poultry, as all farm

journals were full of advice of what

and how to do. One woman had made

a success of packing apples and that

brand was found so uniform that no

inspection was. given, and it was a

long time before the buyers found that

the packer was a woman. She had

packed as high as 56 barrels in a day

and would hire no man that could not

pack 60 barrels. Then woman makes

a good sales agent, she gets busy with

the telephone and takes orders for

fresh fruit, butter, eggs, jellies, pick—

les, and can sell more than the farm

can produce. The success of one de~

pends not upon location or luck, but

pluck and perseverance, and farm wo-

men are home-makers.



The next meeting of the Club will

be held the second Saturday in De-

cember, with Mr. and Mrs. Guy Bate-

man, at which time the annual elec-

tion of officers will occur—Mrs. J. E.





FARMERS' CLUB FAIRS.

Bedford Farmers’ Club.





The Bedford Farmers' Club held a

most successful fair October 6, at the





 





Irwin. Nearly 300 people were pres-

ent and very fine exhibits of live

stock, fruits, vegetables, honey, grains,

grasses, dairy products, needlework

and cookery were shown. There was

a good program of sports, etc. Red

an blue ribbdns to the number of

about 200 were needed to mark the

prizerwinnersr-Mrs. R. W. Irwin, Re-





 





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482—14

IE illIlllllHIll|I[IllIIlIll|Illll|IIHIllIIlllIllII[Ill]llIIllI"!IllllllllHlllHlllllfllllHfllllllllllllllllllllllllfl

Markets.

EHHIHIIIHIIIIIIIIIIHIllmllllllllIlllllllllIllllIllllllIllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllIIIIHIIIIIIIIIHIIHIIIIIIE »





GRAINS AND SEEDS.





 





November 24, 1914.



Wheat—Although prices do not

vary considerably from the basis of

last week’s dealings, American grain

traders are firm believers in a strong

market for the future. Notwithstand-

ing the fact that farmers have been

liberal sellers during the past fort-

night, the increase in the visible sup-

ply has amounted to less than two

million bushels, which is accounted

for by the large exportations to Eu-

rope. Canada’s crop is small, and

shipments from there caused a de-

crease in her visible supply which is

an unusual thing for this season. Last

week’s bearish news consisted largely

of good crop conditions in Argentine,

but trading was given a scare when

reports came from there Monday of

the presence of black rust. The wheat

on passage to Europe is about two

million bushels greater than last

week. The demand for flour is in-

creasing. One year ago the price for

No. 2 red wheat was 960 per bushel.

Quotations for the past week are:





No. 2 No. 1

Red. White. Dec.

Wednesday . .. . .1.13 % 1.10% .

Thursday ...... 1.13% 1.10% 1.15

Friday ......... 1.13% 1.10 % 1.15

Saturday .1.13% 1.10% 1.15

Monday . . . . .1.13% 1.10% 1.15

Tuesday ....... 1.13 % 1.10% 1.15

Chicago, (Nov. 23) .—-No 2 red





wheat $1.147/g@1.16%; Dec., $1.155/g;

May $1.12%.

Germ—Transactions in old corn are

practically at an end in the local mar-

ket. New corn is ruling quiet and

easy. Weather conditions have been

ideal‘for the handling of the corn

crop; it has enabled farmers to se-

cure the grain in first class condition,

and favors delivering to the elevators.

This has had a depressing effect upon

values, which accounts for the de-

cline. Feeding has been interrupted

also by the foot-and-mouth disease,

thus cutting off a portion of the de-

mand. One year ago the local price

for No. 3 corn was 77%c per bushel.

New corn sells about 70 below old.

Quotations for old corn are as fol-





ws:



lo No. 3 No. 3

Mixed. Yellow.



Wednesday ......... 75 77

Thursday ........... 75 77

Friday .............. 75 77

Saturday ........... 75 77

Monday ............ 73 75

Tuesday ............ 73 75



Chicago, (Nov. 23).——No. 2 yellow

corn 71%@71%c; Dec., 657/80; May,

70%c





Cater—This market has recovered

the fractional loss of last _week. The

grain rules steady and active. There

is scarcely any change in the v1s1ble

supply from a week ago. The strength

of the market lies largely in the de-

mands of exporters on European'ac-

count. One year ago standard oats

were quoted at 430 per bushel. Quo-

tations for the week are as follows:





ton





Haw—Quotations are higher. Car-'

lots on track at Detroit are:‘ New,

No. lttimothy $16@16.50; standard





$1§2@l5.50; No. 2, $13@14; N0.‘3, $10





Chicago.—-—Choice grades are in good

demand and higher, while common is

steady. Choice timothy $17@18; No.

1, $15@16; No. 2, $12.50 13.



Straw—Steady. Rye 7.50@8; oat

striaw $7@7.50; wheat straw $7@7.50

a on.



Chicago—Rye straw $9@9.50; oat

and wheat straw $6@6.50.





DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





Butter.—Market is steady at last

week’s prices. Extra creamery 320;

firsts 29c; dairy 210;" packing stock

20c per lb.



Chicago—Market is steady with lit-

tle change in prices. The call for the

higher grades is good. Prices gener-

ally are a shade lower than last week.

Extra creamery 32c; extra firsts 30@

30%c; firsts 27%@29%c; seconds 24

@26%c; packing stock 21%c.



Elgin.~—Sold at 32c, which is the

same as last week.



Eggs.—Market firm with prices

slightly advanced. Fresh stock sells

at 300 per dozen; current receipts

26%c.



Chicago—For fresh eggs the mar-

ket is steady, but for refrigerator

stock it is easy. Prices are slightly

higher. Miscellaneous lots, cases in-

cluded 20@29%c per dozen; ordinary

firsts 27@280; firsts 29@30c.



Poultry.—Market is easy, due to lib-

eral receipts. Prices are slightly low-





 





er. Springs 120; hens 120; ducks

14%@15c; geese 14@14%c; turkeys

18@20c.





Chicago—Heavy supply has kept

prices unchanged in spite of heavy

demand. Fowls and turkeys are weak.

Quotations on live are: Fowls 10%@

12c; spring chickens 12c; ducks 12%

@13c; guinea hens per dozen $3.50;

young guinea hens $2@4; turkeys 17

@180; geese 11%@120 per lb. '





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





Fruits—Pears, Keiffers .50@60c;

grapes 130 'for blue, per pony basket.



Chicago.-——Pears, Keiffers $1.75@

2.25 per bbl; black grapes 18@22c

per 8-lb. basket. ~



Apples—Market is gaining tone but

due to large supply prices have not

advanced much.

@750 per bu; $1.50@2.50 per bbl.



Chicago—Market is about steady

for barrels and boxes. Medium and

common meet with poor sale. Hold-

ers of bulk are anxious to sell on ac-

count of expected cold weather. Bald-

wins $2@2.25; Kings $2.50@2.75;

\Vageners $2@2.25; Jonathans $3.50@

4; Greenings $2.50@2.75; Northern

Spy $2.25@2.50; bulk apples 50@900

per 100 lbs., according 'to quality.

Western box apples are selling for 50c

@225 per box.



Vegetables—Cabbage firm at last

week’s prices 750@$1 per bbl. At Chi-

cago demand is fair butasupply lib-

eral, quoted at 900 per bbl, $10 per

ton for Danish. ' -



Potatoes.—Market easy, due to=lib-

eral supply. Carlots 30@35c per bu;

in bulk 35@400 per bushel in sacks;





 





No.3 at Chicago the market held steady at



Standard. White. advanced prices. Michigan white, in



Wednesday .. 50 49% bulk, are quoted at;45@52c per bush~

Thursday ........... 5O 49% e]; at Greenville, Mich., 300 in bulk.



Friday .............. 50% 50 Onions—Market firmer and prices



Saturday ........... 51 50% are higher, quoted at $1 per'hundred



Monday ............ 51 50% in bulk. At Chicago the market is



Tuesday ............ 51 501/2 well supplied, Michigan stock being

Chicago, (Nov. 23).——No. 3 white quoted at 85@900 per 100 lb. sack.



48% @ 50c; standard 50 1/5; @50-54 c; __._..__.____





Dec., 49%c; May 53%0. .



Rye—This grain continues to ad-

vance and No. 2 is now quoted at

$1.05, which is 1%c higher than last

week.



Beans.——Dealers are now paying

better prices for beans. Therehis

some demand from foreign countries.

Farmers are not crowding the market

with offerings. The tradeshould con-

tinue on the present level or‘higher.

Detroit quotations are: Immediate and

November shipment $2.45; December

$2.50. Chicago demand ‘is strong at

firm to higher prices. Pea beans,

hand-picked, choice, are quoted at

$2.70@'2.90 common at $2.55@2.65;

red kidneys, choice at $3.25@3.~50.



Clover Seed—Market is firm and

quiet; Prime spot quoted at $9.25;

December $9.35; March $9.55; prime

alsike sells at $9.60. ‘



Toledo—Prime cash $9.17%; De-

cember $9.20; March $9.47%; prime

alsike $8.70.





FLOUR ANDVFEEDS.





Flour.-——Jobbing lots in one-eighth

paper sacks areselling on the Detroit

market per.196 lbs, as follows: Rest



'atent $6120; second‘ $5.80; straight

5.35; spriili) patent $6.50; rye .flour

5.60 b . -



$ Feegzr—In‘mO-lb. sacks, jabbing lots

are: Bran $24; standard middlings

$325; fine middlings $32; coarse corn





 





WOOL.





 





The scarcity of supplies of wool is

becoming more marked each week.

Not only are dealers finding their

stocks dwindling, but manufacturers

also have limited supplies on hand.

They have been buying merely to take

care of orders as they come in.

result prices continue firm with a ten-

dency upward. In fleece wools, par-

ticularly, dealers are obtaining legiti-

mate profits on wools which they put

in at high prices. Quarter and three-

eighths have sold recently at 29@30c,

and washed fleeces have advanced a

cent or two per pound. Territory





wools are higher. FOreign‘receipts‘ are‘





very small, being only about one-tenth

of what they were at this time- a year

ago. There is no immediate prospect

of this country securing wools from

England or her colonies. Sales for

the week ending November 14 aggre-

gated four million pounds.





a





GRAND RAPIDS.





 





The bean market'is showing unus-





ual activity, with an advance of ;sev-, .

Ikets. iThese "helped to swell. the:.£tuD-.





eralcentsin this market, and reperts'

of $2.50 offered to farmers in" some

sections is reported. The crop was

not so good as at first reported“ and

the war situation has created 'a strong





inquiry, for export. Wheetis unchang-

s .





ed for Tuesday buying. Th1





"meal $32;"corn“and oat chdpi$28 per'

‘ ‘ “paying 17c for live birds, but prefer





. ble- around $5.25@5.40.





Average receipts 50 '





As a-





Thanksgiving - ’wéek and dealers "are





to buy them dressed." at 19@20c.

Fowls are 10@120; ducks 110 and

geese 10@12c. The potato situation

Seems unchanged.





DETROIT EASTERN MARKET.





Tuesday’s market was'much larger

than last week’s, with prices firm to

higher. Apples are still offered freely,

with the quality better than for any

period this fall. Prices range from

500@$1, with the average around. 700.

Potatoes 50c; cabbage 500; turnips

500; onions 60@7’0c; celery 20@30c

per large bunch; eggs 42@45c per

dozen; poultry was offered freely,

with turkeys at 25@26c per lb; ducks

20c; geese $2@2.50 each and- chickens

of good quality $1.50 per pair. A few

loads of hay were offered at $17@19

per ton, according to quality.





 





CHICAGO LIVE STOCK MARKETS.

November 23, 1914.





 





Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Receipts today..10,000 18,000 15,000

Same day 1913..15,507 35,704 40,900

Last week ..... 30,491 132,227 65,840





Same wk 1913..‘. 58,777 178,848 114,921



The week opens with about 4,000

distillery-fed cattle from Peoria re-

ceived by Morris & 00., the packers,

direct, out of total receipts of 10,000

cattle, leaving but 6,000 offered on the

market, and most of these are butcher

stock. Cows and heifers are selling

a little higher in a number of in-

stances, and steers are firm, but there

is a lack of prime abeeves, which are

nominally firm. Hogs are about a

dime higher, with a small supply and

a good demand at $7.10@7.75. Hogs

marketed last’week averaged 220 lbs.

The sheep market has had a big break

in prices, despite the meager run,

with choice lambs going at $8.50@9

and some fat yearlings at $7.35. Weth~

ers are very scarce and nominally

steady, while choice ewes are quota-





' The very peculiar conditions under.





which the Stock yards were reopened

on Monday last week were extremely

unfavorable for sellers, as ‘no. stock

was allowed to be shipped from here

and all stock had to be 'slaughtered

within 36 hours of its arrival. Stock





arrived in sealed cars, bearing certifi-g





cates from Owners ' that _ the cattle

came fromvstates free of the foot and

mouth disease, and all stock was in-

spected by federal forces on arrival,

while all carcasses were inspected im-

mediately after being slaughtered.

absence of outside competition ena<

bled the local packers and smaller

butchers to fix, prices, and after an

early spurt of prices upward on Mon—

day, the trend of the market wasin a

downward direction, with hogs follow-

ing .a similar course. A-limited- num-

ber of prime heavy steers and fancy

yearlings brought $10.75 early on Mon-





,day, with the next best sale at $10.55,





while prime steers and yearlings mix-

ed sold at $9.75@10.40. By noon this

advance disappeared, and there was

a slow trade. During the remainder

of the week buyers. asserted their

pewer. unmistakably, and the market

dropped to .a basis of $5.75@10.25 for

poor to prime steers, with prime year-

lings going at the top price. Prices

were 75c lower than on Monday, with

heavy beeves off most as a rule, and

there were instances of $1 decline

from Monday’s values on $8.50 steers.

Butchering cows and heifers sold at

$5.35@9.25, canning and cutting cows

and heifers at $3.60@5.30, native bulls

and stags at $4.75@8. range steers at

$5.40@9 and poor to fancy veal calves

at $8.50@11.50, with sales of rough

heavy calves all the way down to $5.

While there was more life to the cat-

tle trade by Thursday because of the

Unusually meager receipts for the

week, yet ruling prices were the low-

est seen since 'ast June. As no cattle

could be shipped from here alive,

country shippers withheld stockers

and feeders as a rule. , -



Hogs pursued a downward course

much of last week, following an excit-

ed and high opening on Monday morn-

ing, when speculators paid up to $8.25

for prime butchering lots. This boom

disappeared before the day was over,

as the packers refused to follow the

advance, and when sales were made

the "‘scalpers” got the worst of the

bargain. Further sharp breaks in

prices followed on other days, with

some rallies, the only large receipts

being 36,923 hogs On Wednesday. Tak-

ing the six principal western markets

together, their combined'receipts‘ for

the week of all kinds of stock were

quite moderate in numbers and far

less than a‘ year ago. In order to hold

prices down, someof the big packers

brought, in“ large” supplies of ’h‘Ogs" on

some days. from other western inur-





‘ply, and hug receipts m‘ade‘ a’"bette’r

comparison with those of a ycar ago

than either cattle or sheep. Provisions

followed a downward course in‘prfiies





in empathy with the raw material

and sold-much below the figures paid





Q





a year fago; Afteriiprli‘n‘e'j h’o‘g‘s ' Had "sold

down, to $7.55; there was“ a - rallyi'that

left prices_-.on-“Saturd'a'y‘ at $‘7@7.6§,"

prime medium, heavy and prime light.

selling around top figures. Pigs





Sheep and; lambs were marketed so

sparingly from all quarters that high-

er prices prevailed,.alth0u_gh on some

days sheep sold off. Lambs were in

strong demand, and prime lots soar-

ed to $9.35, with some lambs that were

fattened for the International among

those that brought $9.25. The big

packing concerns brought in some

large numbers of fat old ewes from St.

Paul, while the receipts on the open

market ran largely to native and fed

western flocks, including a liberal rep-

resentation of live muttons fromnear-

by feeding stations. Receipts from

Idaho, Wisconsin, Michigan and Ohio

were cut off by federal quarantines. A

few big bunches of warmed-up lambs

that averaged but 45 pounds sold at

$5.85. The week closed with lambs

selling at $6s50@9.35, yearlings at

$6.50@8, wethers at $5.50@6.10, ewes

at $3.25@5.50 and bucks and stags at

$4@4.50. '



Horses experienced a dull week if

“warriors’ are excepted, these being

wanted at $130@180 per head. Com-'

mercial horses moved slowly, and the

embargo placed by the states of New

York, Massachusetts and Connecticut

on horses from other states, injured

the market seriously. A few carloads

of horses were purchased for ship-

ment to Pennsylvania, and the Italian

government stationed a buyer at the

stock yards, so that continued pur-

chases of army horses may be expect-

ed. Horses sold all the way from $60

@100 for the cheaper kinds up to $240

@285 for the better class'of, drafters.

giggibessers-of quality sold around $170





LIVE STOCK NEWS.





' brought $5.75@ 6.95.





 





 





The war has put a'stop virtually to

the importation .of horses into' the





. United States , from- Englaqd, France





and Belgium, and thisis, expeéted ~ to

result in stimulating‘the 'sales’bf‘highl"





~class American sires and mares. Last





year this country imported 1,482 Per-

cherons from France, 977 Belgians

from Belgium, 185 Shires from Eng-

land and 98 Clydesdales from cot-

land. For weeks past we have een

selling large numbers of mounts and

cavalry horses to the countries at war,

and this demand shows no indications

of diminishing in the smallest degree.

rThe Wide-spread prevalence in the

Lnlted States of foot and mouth dis—

ease promises to play an important

part in the consumption of corn.

Many cattle that are already fat

enough to_ be marketed from the quar-

antined districts must remain on feed.



The public is well protected from

the sale of meats from cattle inflicted

With the foot and mouth disease, by

both federal and state inspectors. The

inspection everywhere is thorough,

and all infected animals are buried

immediately after being killed, and

buried in quicklime.



Not long since a sale was made in

the Chicago stock yards of two cars

of steers that averaged 1,613 'lbs. at‘

$10.75 per'100 lbs. after being fed in

Iowa for less than four months. The

first cost as feeders was $7.50, and the

cattle made good profits for the own-

er. Another sale was made of a load

of 1,291slb. steers at $9.60, these cat-

tgohag/inghbeenq‘ffied in Iowa less than



on s. e h ' ’

profit. y s owed a good



Wonderful improvement in saving

the Iowa hogs from cholera is report-

ed, and the 1914 less is estimated as

less than one-half of that for 1913

when enormous numbers died from

the malady. Hog cholera cost the Am-

erican farmers approximately $70,000,-

000 last year, the loss in Iowa being

placed at about $30,000,000. The Iowa

farmers are co-operating with the offi~

cials of the experiment station in us-

ing serum, and results have been un-

expectedly good. Cholera immune

lcigégts lgave hadha large sale, and he



0 serum as een red

than one-half. need more

. Contrary to expectations, the plac-

ing of wool on the free list was follow-

ed by much higher prices, the war

playing an important part in stopping

imports of wool from urope.





 





IMPORTANT MEETING OF HORTI-

, CULTURISTS.





 





The forty-fourth .annual meetin

the Michigan State Horticulturalggcit3

ciety is to be held at Kalamazoo, Dec.

1-2-3. The program covers three full

days With one evening session and an

annual banquet. Practical talks will

be given by successful fruit growers

from Michigan and from New York

stateand a'Very large exhibit-of hort-

icultural products and .,,Spraying.'ma3te-

rial is ‘toj'be made.‘ Ever“ up-to-date

ifrriéit' grower should be a this meet-_



Complete programs are new1 res ‘7"

and can’be- obtained of R. A. Smytliig

Secretary. Benton Harbor, Etch. ’





.-





 





 





 





“'9“





fps—eff *~'M-~—-“‘-.::—<





-l‘l.
NOV. 28, 1914. ‘ .





THIS IS THE FlRSTEDlTION.



In the first (edition the. Detroit Live

Stock‘ Markets: are reports of last

week; all other markets are right up

to date. Thursday’s DetroitLive Stock

markets are given in the last edition.

The first edition is mailed Thursday,

the last edition Friday morning. The

first edition is. mailed to those who

care more to get the paper early than

they ' do for Thursday’s Detroit Live

Stock market“ report. Yen. may .haVe

any edition desired. Subscribers may





 





- change fromrone edition to another by





dropping us a” card to that effect.

CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





‘ (Continued from page 485).

potatoes 300; cabbage $6@8 per ton.

New Jersey.



.Morris Co., Nov..14.———Meadows are

drying up on account of long contin-

ued drouth, practically no rain since

the latter part of August. Rye looks





 





 





good, but wheat not so good. Corn

was a bumper crop, and a large

amount will be fed up at home. The

only stock fed here is hogs. New





corn $16@17 .per ton; pork, dressed

12@13c; butter 35c; eggs 420; wheat

$1; rye 850.



Ohio. ,





.Brown Co., Nov. 17.——Farmers are

busy shredding corn, which is an av-

erage crop, though there is consider-

able mouldy corn. Beans, also late

potatoes, were good. Early sown

wheat and rye looksfine. Farmers

have on hand their fat hogs, which

cannot be sold owing to the quaran-

tine for foot and mouth disease. The

young grass and clover are looking

well. Heavy cattle $6.50; sheep $4.75

@550; wheat $1.10@1.12; corn, new

650; oats 45c; butter 220; eggs 300.



Guernsey Co., Nov. 17.—Potatoes

are 80, per cent of an average crop.

Corn will average 50 bushels per acre.

Meadows and new seeding in fine con-

dition. Only an occasional bunch of

fat hogs for sale. A considerable num-

ber of herds of cattle are being fed.

The whole state is under quarantine.

Fat hogs are $9 dressed; chickens

14c; butter 30c; eggs 28c.



Hancock Co., Nov. 18.—The Weather

is very cold, delaying corn husking.

Corn is yielding from 75 to 100 bush-

els per acre. Wheat and rye look

good; new meadows are good. About

the average amount of feed in farm-

ers’ hands, but not much grain being

marketed. Many are holding their

wheat for higher prices. Quite a num-

ber of cattle and hogs_ being fed, but

not many sheep fed. All live stock

from Chicago is shipped under quar-

antine. One carload of feeders were

killed on account of the hoof and

mouth disease- Some hog cholera 1s

reported. Wheat $1.08; corn 70c per

cwt; oats 460; rye 80c; barley 50c;

chickens 10c; butterBOc; eggs 300;

apples 80c per bushel; potatoes 60c.



Shelby Co., Nov. 17.——Corn husking

is nearly finished. Wheat is .not in

very ood condition, having beenat-

tacke by insects. MeadOWS are fair,

rye good. There is plenty of feed for

home use, but not much for sale ex-

cept a small amount of corn. Hogs

are about the only stock. fed. Hogs

$6.75; cattle $6@7.50; wheat $1.06;

oats .43c; corn 800; butter-fat 29c;

eggs‘28c. .



Indiana.



LaGrange Co., Noy. 16.—The aver-

age yield of potatoes was about 60

bushels er acre. Beans were a poor

crop." ost meadows were pastured

rather closely on account of shortage

of pasture. Young. clover looks fine.

Wheat seems to be affected by the fly,

the warm fall favoring the develop-

ment of this pest. 'Moet farmers are

well supplied with all kinds of feed

excepting hay, which is scarce.

tle wheat and oats are yet for sale.

The only stock being fed are hogs and

cattle. The hogs are about ready for

market, but cannot be shipped on ac-

count of foot and mouth disease.

Wheat $1.04; rye 95c; butter 30c;

eggs 27c. , ' ‘



Jay 00., .

per cent of an average crop.





Nov. lat—Potatoes about 85

Corn





husking is being pushed, and yield is





about 60 bushels per acre. Meadows

are in fine shape, and much seeding

is reported, especially alfalfa. 'The





farmers are feeding more than‘the





usual amount of stock. Practically all

the feed is in the farmers’ hands on

account of foot and mouth disease,

though none is reported in this and

adjoining counties. No shipping of

stock, and nothing moving‘ except for

local demand. Roads are in fine shape.

The Grange is active here, and the

community spirit is developing.

. Kansas.



Marion. Co., Nov. 16.—There are no

potatoes or apples; all vegetables are

shipped in. Corn husking is ‘about all

done. Wheat looks .fine, though some

fly is reporléd in 'early sown"vfields.

Rye affordsfine pasture. New alfalfa





and meadows 'are 'in good :c0ndition





but :the ground; is.a-. little dry.‘ Not.





much doing. in cattle buying. Cattle





and hogs are the only stocg fed, and-

there is some complaint of sick hogs.,





l .





There . is , a. -=sur«p1u8.- .ot..soughase,-. en-





5





A lit-,





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





silage, etc; ‘-Not'«much wheat left- in

farmers’ hands, but pleth

Wheat 960‘ corn 55c; potatoes 75c;

apples 70c $1 per bu; eggs 26c; but-

ter'30c; chickens 10c.



Finney Co., Nov. 16.—There is a

smaller, acreage of wheat. sown than

last year, on account of dry weather;





‘Farmers are stacking their feed and





hauling wheat and alfalfa hay to the

market. Alfalfa sells for $7 per ton;

kaifir and cane $3@5; cottonseed cake

$1.80 per cwt; corn $1.30 per cwt; po-

tatoes 850 per bushel; apples 900 per





bushel; butter 30c; eggs 30c; hogs

$7; cattle $5.50.

Minnesota.

Lyon Co., Nov. 18.—Corn is unusu-





ally good, yielding about 80 baskets

per acre. Very little rye was sown

this fall. Oats is the 'chief Crop in

this locality. There is an abundance

of feed on hand,,and there is quite a

surplus of grain going to market, inl

spite of the fact that considerable

feeding is being taken up. Hay $4@6;

corn 57c; oats 400; wheat $1; butter

30c; eggs 25c.,

Missouri.



Warren Co., Nov. 16.—The crop of

early potatoes'is short- but late ones

were good. Beans have done well, so

has the late corn. Meadows are dt/ing

well, and there was a good deal of

new meadow land sown. Wheat‘and

rye are doing fine. There

cattle and a few hogs being fed. Farm-

ers will have just about enough feed,

but no surplus to sell. Wheat is be-

ing hauled in at $1.05; com 900; oats

55c; hogs $8;‘butter 300; eggs 280.



Nebraska.



Pierce Co., Nov. 14.—The weather

is fine, and corn husking is about fin-

ished. Early potatoes were fair, but

late ones were not worth digging. The

meadows-are in good shape, and all

stock looks fine. Beans were good,

but not a large acreage grown. Most

farmers have some alfalfa to feed.

There will be a large amount of oats

and corn‘for sale. Eggs 220; cream

27c; butter 210.



Cass Co., Nov. 16.—Corn husking is

being rushed, is of good quality and

yielding around 35 bushels per acre.

Winter wheat looks fine. Not many

are feeding stock: but'farmers gener-

ally have plenty of feed. Wheat most-

ly marketed; some oats left to sell,

and soon a large amount of corn will

go to market if prices hold up. The

weather has been fine and warm, with

no snow and but little frost. Wheat

$1.02; oats 420; new corn 55c; hogs

$6.75; cattle $5@6; potatoes 600; ap-

ples $1; butter 300; eggs 250.



South Dakota.



Meade Co., Nov. 16.——Alfalfa thresh-

ing is about finished, and the yield

and quality of seed is excellent. Po-

tato yields varied considerable, some

good and some very light. The range

never had better feed, and all stock

is in fine condition. Winter wheat and

rye look good. There is a good amount

of grain still in farmers’ hands. Hogs

are plentiful and cheap. Corn 85c;

potatoes $1.75 per cwt; cream 35c;

butter 25c; eggs 25c. There is a large

acreage being plowed, and farmers

are also doing considerable work on

the roads before the freezing weather

sets in.



Tood 60., Nov. 16.—~Farmers are

busy securing corn, which is yielding

from 30 to 45 bushels per acre, and

the quality is good. Potatoes yielding

75 to 100 bushels but are very cheap

this fall, bringing 30@35c per bushel.

Beans were a very good crop. Fall

grains look good. Farmers have lots

of feed for winter, and plenty of corn

for sale. Corn 50c; potatoes 30@35c;

wheat 89@900; oats 40c; butter 250;

eggs 25c.



Colorado.



=Weld Co., Nov. 14.—Potatoes were

a good yield and good quality. Beans

and corn good. Meadows are in fine

condition; new seeding good; wheat

and rye good, though not a large

acreage planted, on account of the dry

spell, though some are planting since

a recent shower. Most farmers have

plenty of feed, ‘and there is still a

quantity of small grain for later mar-

ket. A good many cattle and sheep

and some hogs are being fed. Sugar

beets almost all delivered. Wheat

$1.47 per cwt; potatoes $1 per cwt;

butter 300; eggs 35c.



Washington.



Klickitat Co., Nov. 14.—-—Weather is

fine with plenty of moisture and no

killing frosts. Potatoes were a fine

geld, beans and corn light; meadows



fine condition, wheat and all fall

crops look fine. Cattle and hogs are

Scarce but all are healthy. Not‘ much

grain for sale except Wheat. Quite an

amount of hay being sold at $15@20;

beef 11@12c; pork 11@12c; veal 12W

150; potatoes $1 per cwt; butter 35@

40c; eggs 50c: apples, best 75c@1.25-

per box; No. 2, 50@75c. .





The state authorities placed a'comv

plete quarantine. on cattle, swine and

sheep on the Chicago stock yardspdur-I

ing the latter part. .of last week as 'the

foot and mouth disease broke out be-

yond all





s





ty of cats,





JO





are some '





bounds, and 600 infected .





 





sum. 15, a, 4. o, 7, io. 12. 15 and all aim} uulto so 11. r.





 





A Built in Webster Crankless,

Gearless Magneto at a





an 1

small additional cost. pp y





rectto





 





 





 





THE FIELD-BRUNDAGE CO.

JACKSON, MICHIGAN.





oil“s





spoiled ensil-

age in a B. V. T.

Silo. You’ll never

find any. because there

are no cracks or leaky jomts. Our cele-

gue and groove” mortar Joints

make it like a million gallon Jug! Study end

view of ock.

Prod Ii, Sun, Fro, Wild, Molds-'0 .11

—Built of glazed, Vitrified hollow

tile. steel reinforced. It Will never fall

down. We guarantee it not to. Will

last forever. Wnto for free klot G

BRAZIL HOLLOW BRICK 8: TILE 00.





BRAZIL. INDIANA





 

 

 





This Insure: J





 

 





 

   





 

 

 





 





 





 





New Burdick Hotel





Absolutely Fireproof.

Kalamazoo. Michigan.





heated in the heart. of the city. Largest and

finest hotel in the state outside of Detroit.





Rugged as a Battleship





A ' FIELD ENGINE—3o DAYS’ FREE TRIAL.

We make you till: ollor and Lol You Be lho Judge of lho Moms of our Englne.

We will send a Field Engine to any reaponsible Farmer who will hitch the





Engine to his hard work and give it a trial for a month.

u that you are losing money without it. send it back at our expense.





This is the Quality and Efficiency Engine, Costing Less to Run.





A Better Engine and Better Service atlthe price of cheap engines.





If your dealer cannot





- IIOGS ~





 





European Plan, $1 per day and up.

Make reservations for Hortlcultursl and

Potato Growers Convention.





Farms and Farm Lands For Sala





Good Forms Around Lansing,.:;l§.§§.2fi§.}.:2€l§.f

J. D. TOWAR, East Lansing. Michigan.



——G db lldl .

FOR SALE—ISS-Mre Farm .33... 33,... 3‘3.

ber; 2% miles from South Lyon. Or will split farm

to suit. EDWARD KENNEDY. South Lyon. Mich.



MICHIGAN FARMING LANDS



Near Sula-w and Bay City. in Gladwin and Midland

Counties. Lowoprlces- Ess terms: Clem-title. Write





Ilor maps and leonlEl'B. TAFFELD BROTHERS.

15 Horrill Bu ldlng. Saginaw. (W. 8.). Michigan.





— The State for Thrifty Farmers

Del ightful. healthy cllmn .Good

Lon . Reasonable Prices. f lose to





3" arrow .. é’..€"”"“‘§'chmsfi was;

v0 ' map.

OMIGMON. Hofimou Bld¢.. Baltimore. Md.





DELAWARE FARMS





Fruit. live stoo . alfalfa. Boot. land neorboot mark t .

Adam. State Board of Aniculture: Dover. Delaw:r:.





FOR. SALE‘I“ in“ $13?" 3mm..."



”u or“ m .

Good soil buildl and fences. Immediate pascal .

o. s. sohnac‘ifi' 214 Dewey Ave.. , Swlmvslo. 3:.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





on macsdsm road. Other b locus

47 Acres! Quires solo or this fine bond): locals:-

a h ”121° hmm‘én‘dbf'”tm ‘klumé’rl‘fiu

be me. on or . '

AG Y. OWEGO. TIOGPA 00.. NEW YORK.





101 Acres, $4700. Easy Terms.

Stock, Tools, and Crops Included.





Twelvemows. 3 calves. psir horses. ultry. wagons.

machinery tools. dairy utensils 81150011)“ a) with

this ‘ lendid New York form if taken now; out-s

tom 1. Produces fine general oro pasture for 20

cows: 15 acres wood; 50 fruit trees. 1 sugar maples;

2-oto‘ry 8-room dwelling big cellar. telephone. running

spring water house and born; basement barn, 401w;

only one mile to town; quick buyer gets everything

for 83‘ .. only term‘s. Full details and traveling

l



l





 





l "' p 'r Ilsa surtilorqu'fvlumlf $61.55.?

no. as. co ree. . . .

i . HIV. 34th so. New York.





 





 





Bar

Stat





RAN CHES





In small or large tracts, ad-

apted for stock raising, alfalfa

growing, general farming, etc.,

or for Colonization purposes if

desired—can be procured at

reasonable prices and on good

terms. Excellent opportunities

for money-making.



I will gladly send you complete

and. authentic information.



.. R. A. SMITH,

Colo lotion and Industrial, Agent. Union





clfic R. R. 00.. Room 3828. Union

Pacific Bldg.





; oMAHA, use. .





on 101





 





 





15—483





 

 





Built Likea Watch





 

   





Best Balanced '

Engine Built





 

 

 

 

 





If it doesn’t convince





you, write di-

us.





—Youn¢ single men. ex rionced

vamp Farm work wants osltlon for genrgral work:

B. CALDWELL, 220 Buena iota Ava. Detroit. Mich.





TOO LATE TO CLASSIFY.

Mammoth Bronze kaeys’P'aléifimg‘éflf'

Hens $4.00. COLLAR Bros.. Coopersville, Michigan.



~Bourbon Red Turkeys. Special prices on.



For sale yOung stock for December. Also a few year



old toms. Dark red. N. J. WHITNEY. Ionia. Mich.

BO



Pure are URBON RED TURKEYS and





White Wyandotte Cockerels for sale

at reasonable prices. Chas. A. Beatty, Milford. Mich.





RABBITS

TURKEYS

DUCKS

GEES!)

ClIICKENS





 





 





 





 





 





Our Present Specialties





Rush consignments forward

by express. Prompt sales

and quick returns assured

by our 26 years in one store.





CHAS. W. RUDD &80N,





VEAL, ETC. Commlsslon Merchants. Detroit.





Ship your Hay in Plllsburgh snails

I

Danlol McCaifroy Sons Company

Pittsburgh. Pa.

Rots—any bank or Mercantile Agency.

Our 20 Years Experience.

Hondll Poultry. Calves, Pork, Wild Rabbits. Butter.

E as my General Produce in this market should

0 value to you. Best srloes. Honest treatment.

AUMANN C MMISSION CO.

Eastern liarket. :-: Detroit. Michigan





' Wholesale Commission House.

align. Full.r& con Detroit. Want your apples.

potatoes. poultry and rabbits. Quick returns. .



five to eight cents above





_w '

FARMERS higthgsrte 8153:? Detroit Market quota-





tion for newlsid eggs shipped direct to us by explore.



Write us for information. It will pay you. American



Butter 8: Cheese Co., 31-33 Griswold St.. Detroit,Mich.

Conslgn to THE





POTATOES L. RICHMOND co:





Detroit. 21 years in business. Reference your Banker.

0 ASH PAI For Buller, Eggs, Poultryfialvos,

Hogs, Potatoes and Apples.





Write us before selling elsewhere. CAMPBELL

BRO'S. 00.. 245 Napoleon St.. Detroit. Mich.





 





 





 





 





More Money if you

E





 





 





"NTED to hear of good form or unimproved land

for sale. Send descrifiion and price.

Northwestern Business Agency. innapolls. Minn.





We want





In every Township in





 





 





 





 





50" Michigan- CANVASS-





ERS for the Michigan





Farmer. Our special





4.. subscription price of





5 years for only $1.50

or of 3 years for $1 or 1

year for 50¢, will make

it easy to get subscrip-

tions. For good solici-

tors we will make a

very attractive propo-

sition Write at once.

Address Subscription

Deparment.





ATHEMIOHIGAN FARMER,





DETROIT, MIcH.





 





 





stock steers in the, yards had to be:

slaughtered. g. ., a, - .- . - . . ,, l





.. 4,52: _' 5‘ ~'





9





 





W





fl
THE -MI~VCHIV«GAN FA‘RMER





. Nov. as, 1914'.





 





 





484—16

gill ...llllllllllllWlfllllfllllllflflflfllfllflflflflfllflfllmmmfllfllllfllflmllllllllHlllHlllllfllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllHllllHllllllHll"llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllflllllllllllllllll

gFEU‘III , ommerce E

E » - E

E E

lL-lllllllllllllll‘llllllHllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllIlllllIllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllfllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHllllllllllllllllllllllHilllllllllE





Marketing Perishable Crops Through Associations.





By EARL W. GAGE.





HE co-operative idea among fruit



and truck growers has passed



the experimental stage and is

become an important factor in pres-

ent-day farming. It has revolutioniz-

ed the markets of the country. Scarce-

ly any well-developed fruit‘ growing

section is without its associations in

one form or another In some sec-

tions we find that the Grange has tak-

en the lead; in others, growers have

developed their established organiza-

tion for a definite purpose. One or-

ganization will attend to marketing

alone; others will take to the more

broad avenue of buying for their mem-

bers aside. from selling their crops.



Inasmuch as new fruit and truck

regions are continually being opened

and developed, in answer to the in-

creasing populations of our cities, a

brief study of the various associations

of a few sections in particular, should

serve to lead those residing in old es-

tablished communities to awaken to

the vital import of the co-operative

plan.



Advantages Are Many.



The benefits to be derived from the

co-operative action are many. Small

growers can make combination ship-

ments in car lots, which is to be con-

sidered ecinomic from producer’s and

consumer’s viewpoint. This is well

established in such regions as certain

fruit-growing sections of Ohio, New

York and Michigan; it is too little ap.

preciated in many sections of the

same states. Organizations, through

the volume of their business, can se-

cure minimum transportation rates.

They can afford to maintain daily tel-

egraphic communication with all of

the important market centers and

thereby enable their members to di-

vert the car lots already enroute to

places where the demand is greatest.

This is being continually illustrated

each year in the Chautauqua and Erie

grape belt section of New York and

Pennsylvania. And the growers are

advised when to hold their produce

and when to ship, which eliminates

the usual slip-shod methods of flood-

ing markets at one time and starving

them at others.



Organizations are in a position to

know the actual supply of their re-

spective communities, and to know

just what grading should be done to

meet with the demands of the markets

to which they ship. Therefore, the

nanagers are able to work in perfect

harmony, regulate prices to a consid-

erable extent, and place more money

in the producer’s pocket for a little

additional labor and care in packing.

Successful associations demand choice

products. By an interchange of ideas

and experience, members are placed

in a position to eliminate unprofitable

varieties of fruits or vegetables from

the community and to develop thor-

ough and economic systems of culti-

vation.



(to-operative associations are fast

spotting the western map. In the

state of Colorado more than 50 recog-

nized associations exist, with a large

number that are just opening their

eyes. These organizations market

fruit and produce grown in the respec-

tive sections.



Grading and Packing at a Central



Point.



While the various systems used are

quite similar to those employed else-

where, it will be well to consider

these methods briefly. There are two

methods of packing and grading fruit;

in one instance the association does





all the packing, the growers delivering .





the fruit to the packing house just as





Q





taken from the orchard. Here the

packers, under the direction of a sup-

erintendent, sort the fruit- into. the

various grades, and at the same time

pack it into boxes orcrates. Should

there be any culls they are returned

to the grower and are at his disposal.



Each grower is given a number,

which is used to designate his fruit

throughout the season. As each box





and it is a difficult position to ‘fill. Up-





on him rests the reputation of the ‘or-

ganization’s namenso that the grow:

ers ~miustrstand ready and willing to.

aid him in every respect, and not he-

come angered. if he is forced to refuse

their product as A1 - ..



A charge of about five per cent is





. charged against each member of the





association to defray the annual ex-

penses. -Then, in case the packing is

done by the association, an additional

charge is made for the work to COVer

this expense, such as labor, boxes 1a-

bels, nails, etc. Any surplus is, of

course, equally distributed as premi-

ums to members. Any grower may

become a member so long as there is

stock. for sale, and the ownerof one

share. is entitledto as many privileges

as the owner of 100 shares. But there





 





 





 





Many Associations Supervise the Entire Work of Harvesting, Packing and





Selling the





is packed it is marked with his num-

ber and the grade. When the boxes

are loaded into the cars the number

of boxes, the varieties, and the var-

ious grades which belong to any grow-

er are kept account of and duly re-

corded. In this way the price for each

box of fruit in any one car is easily

determined in a few minutes by look-

ing over the records on file.



Where there is a very large amount

of fruit to be handled it is impossible

for the association to do the packing,

consequently the growers assume this

responsibility. With this arrangement

the organization employs an inspec-





 





Fruit Crops.

is a limit to the number of shares one

man mayvhold.



Growers are asked to give a conser-

vative estimate of their crop early

each seasOn. The manager may visit

each orchard, and with this knowl-

edge in hand, is able to enter into con-

tracts for the delivery of given

amounts various varieties 0r

grades. .



One of_the greatest hindrances of

the co—operative idea is distrust. 'In

all associations there are quite sure to





of





arise jealousies. Each grower believes





that he is supplying a better grade of

fruit than his neighbor, and should,





 





Packing Parsley. —-Associations handle large enough quantities of truck crops

to seek buyers in distant markets, whereas the offerings of a single

grower would not warrant such expense.





tor, whose duty it is to inspect each

load as it is delivered. This he does

by opening the boxes on the side in

the case of apples, when a good esti-

mate of the contents may be made. If

the pack is satisfactory not more than

two boxes may be opened. If unsatis-

factory, several may be examined; and

if all run under the inspector’s stan-

dard, the entire load must either be

graded lower or re-packed. '



The great load of responsibility

rests upon the inspector’s shoulders,





,.-.....





therefore, receive a higher price. This

feeling that someone else is reaping

the cream will be found more particu-

larly where the coloperative plan is in

its infancy. Established'associations

are more" or. less immune for the mem-

bers have reached a. point where they

appreciate the great good they are re-

ceiving in return for a small cem-

mission. .. .



' An Example





The Peninsular Produce Exchange:

operates along the lines of the New





135 timore, if“ (Shes cake





York, Philadelpma & $101k 53d the

"1A1: ntic





34-;





pearls» It: 11584.40 s ippingfloints

at each of which is 5111‘ £15th \who.1n-





specter: andrbrands the. grade of pro- ‘ '





duce, and reports to the head office at .





and truck received. The generalman- ‘





ager in the head office 18.111 touch by

wire with prices in all the large mar-

ket centers, and as soon‘ as the daily

reports of receipts and grades are Wir-

ed in‘from his local agents, he is in

a position-to make his sales and place

his consignments where the demand

is greatest.

nually more than 312,000 in telegraph

bills regarding crops, markets, and

prices. The' annualgsales amount to

more than $3,000,000, and the organi-

zation swings this enormous business

on a capital stock of less than 350, 000.





The exchange spends an- .





The principal products shipped are,_





sweet and Irish ”tatOes, as well as

numerous vegetable crops which are

liable to be ruined in switching, and

with Which great care must be taken.

Instances of successful organiza-

tions might be neted from nearly ev‘

ery prominent fruit and vegetable

growing section of the Country. But

these Statements are sufficient to dem-

onstrate the possibilities of such insti‘

tutions anywhere. While the details

of org Ganization will vary more or less

yet the members of each community

can work out their own - problems

largely through an efficient business

manager.

New York. EARL W. GAGE.





MICHIGAN CROP REPORT FOR

NOVEMBER.





 





VVheatT—The final estimated yield

of wheat in the state is 19.27, in the

southern counties 19.12, in the cen-

tral counties 20.83, in the northern

counties 16.87 and in the upper penin-

sula 21.70 bushels per acre. The esti-

mated toltal yield for the state is 14,-

015,290 bushels. The condition of

growing wheat as compared'with an

average per cent is 95 in the state, 94

in the southern counties, 98 in the

central counties, 96 in the northern

colunties and 93 in the upper penin-

su a



The total number of bushels of

wheat marketed by farmers in Octo-

ber at 85 fiouring mills is 205, 832, and





at 98 elevators and to grain dealers '





253, 452, or a total of 459, 284 bushels.‘





'IOIney the amounts and grades of fruit " 1





Of this amount 305 ,673 bushels 'were . "





marketed in the southern four tiers

of counties, 122,922 in the central

counties and 30, 689 in the northern

counties and upper peninsula. The

estimated total number 0f bushels of

wheat marketed in the three months

August- October is 4, 500, 000. Forty-

four mills, elevators and grain dealers

report no wheat marketed in October.





Co1n. TThe estimated average yield





ties, 36. 45 in the Central counties, 32. 76

in the northern counties and 31.62 in

the upper peninsula. . '



Clover Seed. TThe per cent

acreage cf clover seed harvested





of





. compared with the previOus year is 85' '





‘ per ame of corn in bushels is 33'. 95 in >

, the state, 33. 49 in the southern coun-





in the state .and northern counties 84“"





in the southern counties 86

peninsula.



The average yield per acre in bush-

els is 1.62 in the state, 1.39 in the

southern counties, 1.75 in the central

coun-ties‘,;2.27 in the northern counties

and 4.00 in the upper peninsula.





Beans—The final estimated aver-





‘ age yield per acre in bushels is 11.28





in the state, 10. 26 in the. southern

counties, 12.16 in the central counties,





12 27 in the northern counties and





11.39 in the upper peninsula.

Potatoes. TThe estimated average





the state, 112. 37 in the southern coun-

ties, 108. 90 in the central counties,

109.20 in the northern counties and

140.77 in the upper peninsula.



Commercial Fertilizers—The per

cent of farmers who have used com-

mercial fertilizers on their wheat this

fall is 36 in the state, 43 in the south

ern counties, 37 in the central coun-

ties, 10 in the northern counties and

eight in the upper peninsula.



Live Stock. —The average condition,

in the state, of horses is 97, cattle 90,

sheep 101 and swine 96.





. The hastewt‘o get rich and the in-

tense struggles of business rivalry

probably destroy as many lives in

America every year as are lost in a'

great battle-Tl F. Clarke.





in the '_

cential counties and 93 in the upper





' i





' yield per acre in bushels is 112. 27- 111 " W





 





«l»





..- .___.1_ ..
NOV. 2's, 1914.





MICHIGAN BEAN. cabwsns OR-





GANiZE.





 





‘ .A milli0n'dollars is a large sum of

money—tolose. If such a’ sum were

equitably distributed among even a

large number of farmers, it would

swell their bank accounts in a very

comfortable manner. Hon. James N.

McBride, chairman of the market con-

ference held at Saginaw, Mi-ch., on

November 20, declared that the bean

growers of Michigan might easily

have saved for themselves that sum

had they been adequately organized

before the season for marketing this

year’s crop. He pointed out to the 200

or more farmers who were present at

this conference, that yield and de-

mand considered, the market for

beans should have opened this year at

at least $2.25 per bushel. Instead of

that, the market opened at_$1.75. It

has, up to the present time, advanced

from 40 to 45 cents per bushel, which

on the 2,500,000 bushels which it is

estimated have been marketed up to

the present time, would have netted

the growers around a million dollars

more with organized controlled mar-

keting. This conference, which was

called by a number of interested farm-

ers who are identified with prominent

farmers’ organizations and in agricul-

tural extension work, as will be noted

from the announcement which appear-

ed in a recent issue of the Michigan

Farmer, has diSproved the contention

often heard that the farmers are not

sufficiently interested in the market-

ing problem. The attendance of more

than 200 farmers from several bean

growing counties in centi'a‘l Michigan

is ample proof that the farmers are

interested in this proposition, and the

manner in which they attacked the

problem is still more conclusive proof

Of that fact.



After the conference was called to

order by Mr. McBride, he was made

its permanent chairman, and several

talks were given at the morning ses-

sion presenting different views :upon

the proposition. President Welch, of

the Michigan Bean Jobbers’ Associa-

tion, was present, and gave an illumi-

nating talk on the manner in which

the market price of beans is arrived

at by the trade under present condi-

tions. He also expressed in behalf of

his organization willingness to co-op-

erate with the bean growers in main.

taining an equitable price for beans

throughout the marketing season as a

means of eliminating the speculative

character of the business as at pres-

ent conducted. Under present condi-

tions, a large part of the crop is mar‘

keted as soon as ready and, with the

elevators overstocked, the general re-

sult is an abnormal downward curve

to the market from which dealers as

well as growers often suffer.





Hon. A. B. Cook, of Shiawassee,

touched upon the plans which had

been considered at previous local con-

ferences, advocating plans which were

later tentatively approved by the con-

ference. State Dairy and Food Com-

missioner H‘elme advocated a state

marketing commission whose business

it would be to collect market informa-

tion and statistics and act in an ad-

visory capacity to aid the awrs of

the state in disposing of their pro-

ducts at maximum prices. Others

present addressed the conference

briefly at the request of the chairman,

after which a committee of three was

appointed to draw up plans of organi-

zation for submission at the afternoon

session. At this session the commit-

tee reported two plans, the first of

which was a very loose organization

through the establishment of a per-

manent committee to act in an advis-

ory capacity after getting the most re-

liable information possible relating to

crop conditions. The other plan pro-

vided for a more comprehensive or-

ganization in the state, for local coun-

ty organizations and for a much,

broader scope of work to be carried

out by the oflicers of suchan organi-





w’..ir,l f





A.'T’.l-I‘l3 iMlCH I GAN . PA a M BR",





zation, including the collection of sta-

tistics, the determination of a mini-

mum price which the product should

command, the arbitration of disputes

and the consideration of the system of

grading now in vogue to determine its

justice to the grower. After a full dis-

cussion of both plans from all angles,

it was voted by those present to or-

ganize a state bean growers’ associa-

tion, and steps were taken to that

end; several county organizations

were also formed by growers present.



Chairman McBride was authorized

to appoint a committee at his discre-

tion to perfect plans for the extension

of the organization throughout the

beanvgrowing sections of the state, in

order that the organization may be

put on a practical footing at a future

meeting to be called some time next

month.



Aside from the interested bean

growers present, all of the men who

joined in issuing the call for this con-

ference were present at the meeting,

as well as a number of others who

were interested in this effort. It may

be considered a propitious beginning

of a movement which promises much

of benefit to the bean growers of the

state. The detailed plan of the organ-

ization to be effected will be publish-

ed in these columns at an early date.





llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllfilllllll||lllllllllllllllllllIlllllllil!i|lllllllllllllllllllllllllll

Crop and Market Notes.

Michigan. ,





Eaton CO., Nov. 16.——Bean threshing

almost finished, and yield nine to 15

bushels per'acre. Very few being

marketed. Corn is about half husked,

and will average 75 to 100 bushels.~

Meadows and new seeding are in ex-

tra fine condition. Early planted wheat

has been damaged some by the fly.

About one-half of this season’s stock

is still in farmers’ hands. The quar-

antine for foot and mouth disease has

hindered the'marketing of live stock.

Wheat $1.02; beans $2; oats 42c; corn

75@80c; potatoes 300; butter 20@25c;

eg s 280; steers 6@7; calves, live

51 c; hogs, live 6%0; dressed 8%0.



Livingston 00., Nov. 17.—New seed-

ing, wheat and rye never looked bet-

ter. Corn yield and quality is good.

Beans light yield and poor quality

owing to the blight. No stock is be-

ing marketed owing to the quarantine,

and precautions are taken to keep the

foot and mouth disease out of this

county, there being more pure-bred

cattle in this county than in any oth-

er in the state.



Ottawa CO., Nov. 18.--Some wheat

fields look well, while others sown

early are damaged by the fly. Rye

does not seem to be injured. Pota-

toes are averaging 90 bushels per acre

and bringing 35c. Beans average 15

bushels. There was not enough corn

grOWn for home use, as so much is

put into silos. About 50 per cent of

fall plowing done.



Shiawassee CO., Nov. 16.—-Farmers

are busy husking corn, which is extra

good, and threshing beans which are

good. Potatoes are extra good but

the price is small. Meadows and new

seeding are going into winter in fine

shape. Wheat and rye look fine. Some

cattle and lambs are being fed; hogs

ready to market are being held on ac—

count of the embargo. Plenty of_feed

in farmers’ hands, and some grain is

being sold. Wheat $1.02; oats 44c;

beans $2.15.



New York.



Orleans 00., Nov. 16.—Wheat is the

best in years. Not much rye sowed.

Potatoes fairly good. Yield of beans

light, red beans good and acreage was

large; corn is good. Meadows and

new.seeding fairly good. There is

very little surplus grain for sale ex-

cept winter wheat, half of this sea-

son’s crop being in farmers’ hands.

There is very little stock raised, but

farmers have plenty of feed for win-

ter. There is scarcely any produce

being marketed except apples, which

bring from $1.75@2 per bbl. Buyers

are offering 350 for potatoes and many

farmers are storing them.



Genesee CO., Nov. 16.——This has

been the finest fall on record for flu-

ishing the season’s work, plowing,

etc. Potatoes yielded as high as 350

bushels per acre. Beans poorly, four

to ten bushels per acre. Most corn

good, 75 to 100 crates per acre. Mea-

dows in good condition; new seeding

improved wonderfully since the fall

rains. Wheat and rye are fine. Most

farmers have plenty of feed for own

use, and some will have a surplus.

Some Will also have grains to sell. If

foot and mouth disease does not pro.

1791112. some lambs and cattle will be

fed. Apples are about all marketed.

Some beanssold at $2.10 per bushel;



(Contmued on page 483).





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





of farmers.





lSteelPrice





Buy Elephant Head Rubber Boots—-





Est. Because they are made of only pure, live, durable rubber and

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- - -

A A l

"' = = - = - C

//:J_ \j‘x. . h l‘\ "“\

A‘rfid' “.ij ~;--—-— __ SE _





 

 

 





 





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





s are Advancing!





But You Can Still Buy Direct From Our Mill at the Old. Price





Steel prices have struck Rock Bottom and are now going up.

We bought heavy stocks of raw material at the lowest price





in years and now give you the full benefit.





This is your





opportunity. You will never again be able to





BUY Sitters... RO0FlN





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1‘: 53:23: RIGHT NOW





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We pay the freight and ll'E GUARANTEE every sheet to be full

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. WRITE us AT ONCE!

THE OHIO GALVANIZING & MF’G CO.,





40 ANN ST.





UGAR‘





4% call).





25 lbs. best Granulated Cane Sugar for $1.20

when ordered with other money-saving

Larkin Groceries, such as flour. coffee, tea.

canned vegetables, dried vegetables, ham.





 





bacon, fish, cereals, crackers, preserved

fruits. relishes, confectionery; laundry.

torlet. and home supplies of all kinds.





GROCERY BOOK FREE

Send a letter or postal today for your free





copy. ,Just say. ‘Send me free a copy of

GroceryBookNo.62 ”





£50173 Ch. BUFFALO. N. Y. _





 





 





 





 





MONEY in PATENTS





Isecure your Him“ or return my fee. Write for

free booklet. ‘ ow to secure your patent and make

your profits thereon." I assist in so ling your patent.





MANSELL F. MILLS

Registered U. 3. Patent Attorney

211 Commercial National Bank Bldg, Washington, D. c.





 





NILES, OHIO





Wanted~Honest Energetic Men





in every county to sell our bi ‘ '

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gar-mere. LXPLRIENUE NOT N ECESSARY. V\ e

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any men Willing to work can make

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handling our big sellers valusive territor '



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ticulars uivmg age and occupation.





THE DUOFORM CO., Dept. 2.

NORTH JAVA. u. v. , ,





   





   





 





 





 





Please mention the Mich. Farmer

when writing to advertisers





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





HOUSIEB





paid by us.





 





fuel.





DON’T PAY TWO PRICES





5”““FREE

Ran es

Hea ers .





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Write or send post: today for Large

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I

1100-st STOVE COMPANY,

131 sues Street, -





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Flaw





ome thirtydays.

“V6 enough on a single

your winter'-





No 0 ligatio- .





“ION. IND.
486—18





 

 





Style, refinement, service, comfort and wear are repre-

sented to the utmost degree in our fine shoes for ladies.





nononom





No matter how much more than our

price you are willing to pay, better





We make Mayer Honorbilt Shoes in all otyleefor men. women and children 3 Dyym,

wet weather ehoee; Ycrma Cushion Shoes.





F. Mayer Boot 8: Shoe Co., Milwaukee





 





THE MICHIGAN iFARMER?





   

   





SHOES





 

 

   





material and workmanship

positively can not be secured.

We buy the market’s best of

both—try them.



WARNING—A 1w aye look for the





Mayor name and trade mark on the

eolc. lfyourdealer cannot supply you,

write to ue.





 

   

 

   

   

 

 

   





Martha Washington Comfort Shoes.





   





 





 





——Only a few left. Eggs





 





 





BEST FOR THE READER





THEREFORE





BEST FOR THE ADVERTISER





Ohio Former,





Cleveland, Ohio,

(Rate 600 per line )





Michigan Farmer,





Detroit, Mich.

(Rate 400 per line.)





Pennsylvania Farmer

Philadelphia, Pa.





lizite 25c per line.)





Guaranteed One 1,000

Circulation Line Lines





256,681 31.12% 81.12%





 





Pelun Duck: and Brakes 1.... ”immune... Write

for prices. R. O. FISHER, St. Helen. Michigan.





PllE‘bflESTWHiIE fliiPiNGTUNS'iEy’é‘ng'v‘Si‘ixl’Qfitii





BtateFair, ullets. cockerels, hens, also collie pu ies.

Mre.Willis Rough, Pine Crest Farm. Royal Oak. ich.





LYMOUTH Rook cockereie 5 to l1 lbs.. according to



age hens 5to Slim, 15 eggs :1: Mammoth Bronze

Torn Turkeys 8 to 35 lbs. according to age. Price $8

to $25. 10 eggs 83. A. E. ORAMTON. Vassar. Mich.





 





 





DOGS AND FERRETS.





-—30 Fox and Goon hound

gaps. 500 Ferrets. Ponies

, Holinesville, Ohio.





 





Tninodiiunning Fox Hounds

Send stamp. W. E LEOK





Fox ondWOli Hounds





oi the best English siraln In America

40 years experience in breeding

these fine hounds for my own

sport. Save your pigs sheep and





 





. T. B. HUDSPETH,

Sibley, Jackson County, Mo.





 





lndiana Farmer,

lndisnepolis, lnd.

The Progressive

Farmer

Birmingham—Raleigh

Dallas—Memphis.

Breeder’s Gazette;

Chicago. lll.

Prairie Farmer

Chicago.

Board’s Dairyman.

Ft. Atkinson. Wis.

Wisconsin Agri-

culturali'st,

Racine, Wis.

The Farmer,

St. Paul. Minn.





Wallace’s Farmer, 80,000 .40

Des Moines. is. i

The Missouri

Farmer,

Columbia, Missouri

Kansas Former,

Topeka. Ken.

Oklahoma Farm

Journal, 51,894 .25 .25

Oklahoma. Okla. 0





57,101





174,121





98,558

100,000

67,820





63 , 45-1 . 30 . 30

140, 855 . 60





50,000





61 ,253 30.





 





 





1,205,017 $5.77,]. $5.72;

These publications are conceded to be the i

authoritative farm papers of their individual

ilelds. For further information address





GEORGE W. HERBERT. lnc.

Western Representative, Advertising Bldg,

CHICAGO, ILL.





WALLACE C. RICHARDSON. Inc.

Eastern ReEi-esentntive. 41 Park Row.

N W YORK CITY.





 





2000 Ferrets for sale. Write for price

- list. It's free. Ouamnfeesafe delivery.

DeKleine Bros..Box 4i,Jnmestown,Mich,

CA I SPROU I ER $2.





For 82 you can build the bestpat sprouter on earth.

easiest to opearate. boy With saw and hammer.

can make one in an evening. Plans 25 cents.





I. PUTNAM, R. Ill, Elmira, N. Y.





Get This Car FREE





for Your

'l'errltory





 





 





   





)





2Pee'e ngir—4 Cylinder—Water

Cooled—Shaft Drive— Selective Type Transmission





Price $425. Write Now

BEFORE YOU TURN THIS PAGE





The most wonderful offer ever made

to readers of this paper. A Big Advertising

Plan which you can benefit by if you send

in at once. Don’t let a minute slip. Send for

details todafi'l. Right. Now! Write your name 7

and address p inly. urry for it means money to you.





Learn How to Make $100 to $400

Every Month and Be Your OWN BOSS





It’s easy and we will show you how. You can

become an expert automobile man in a short

time. No need to leave home. )ur students .

are coining money and you can too if you act

immediately. Write todag for Big Catalog and all de-

tails. Don’t wait. Do it now. end your name andluli address.





 





 





 





 





 





POULTRY.





MAMMOTH ROUEN ovens-cussing.





1 birds. All fine, large birds at reasonable prices

331%?Fisnnn. it. No.3. Box as, Birmingham, Mich





I, for sale pure bred cockerels.

R. CJJW- Leghorns Also wish to buy 6 cookereld

A. R. LEVEY. Elsie. Michigan.





S. C. WHITE LEGHORN COCKERELS





81.50 each, 4 for £5.00. SNOWFLAKE POULTRY

FARM, Route 1. Grand Rapids, Michigan.





ourbon Red Turkeys ——Fiftv excellent young birds ready

for shipment, prices 82.50 to 35. Also a yearling tom and some





yearling hens for sale. Ella B. McNutt, R. No. 3, Otsego, Mich.





Pokin and While Indian Runner Duoks‘fgggfi m}



please you. H. V. Hostetler. Route 1. St. Johns, Mich

W h ' t h



"0- “film- moonstone.excise}:





From extra laying strain, large handsome fellows.

Farm re . or prices write. w

POULTRY FARM, Box 7% Union City. Miohinfi,





—All rizo winners'and breeding stock

Blind look: at hafi price. Won 20 prizes last winter





W. O. OOI'FMLN. R. No. 6. Benton Harbor. Mich as l.





KNEE LACE!) GOLDEN and Wfll’l‘i WYANDOT'I‘ES—l fine





You Get a Car FREE and the Agency





C. A. Coey. the world’s Premier Autoist and

Winner of many world’s records, builds this machine

and makes you this 0591. lt’ 3 no get rich quick scheme

—sc don’t. delay writing today. It’s the most im-

portant thing you can do today — just ask for details.





c. A. COEY'S SCHOOL OF MOTORING

nos con em.. zoio-iz Wabash Av... cmcaoo. ILL.





 





 





 





 





25

Year

M Guar-

antee

$1 Stu-op Free

Try the "Dixie" Razor be-

fore you pay. Worth 3.50 Special

price $1.45. Extra hollow ground—best

Sheffield steel. 85,000 sold. .1 strop given free for prompt

paymcnts. Write letter or postal saying "Send me our

83.50 Dixie Razor on free trial consignment. Will pay 1.45

and receive free strap or return razor in 10 do 5.”





once macaque o. o .





LEARN AU GTIONEERIN





at World’s Greatest School and become independent

with no capital invested. Write today for free catalog.

Term opens December 7th. Every branch 0 t 0

business taught. Jones Nat'l School of Auctioneering,

.SIQPI-Ql“ Blvdw Chicago. Ill. 0am I.'Jenel. Pros.





Railway Mail'Clerks, Clerk-Carrierb'and'flurel Oar-





   

 

 

 

   





 

 

 





 





Ge.





 





 





 





lot of White cook-rel: weighinzd to 8 lbs. at 83 and .8

each. Browning's Wymdofio Farm; Portland. ll ,





rierlwented. I ti d otEx i tins. coal: in

you. Trial hminsiio‘inries. 03.3.: ri’a. 8t. nods.





poultry. Send stump for catalog





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





No matter whether ducks are kept

for winter eggs or for breeding pur-

poses in the spring, they should re-

ceive good care during the winter

months. Those varieties which lay

only from late winter until the'last of

June will produce fewer eggs during

the hatching season if they are not

properly fed and cared for in winter

than they will if given good care dur-

ing the cold season. Some breeders

allow their ducks to wander about at

will every day during fall and winter,

sleep where they can at night, and

pick up for themselves what food they

can find. Needless to say, ducks nev-

er prove very profitable while thus

managed.

Furnish Ducks Dry Quarters at Night.

Ducks are considerably hardier in

some respects than other poultry, but

they demand dry quarters at night at

all seasons. They do best when they

can have a house to themselves, but

the same house may be used for eith-

er young or old fowls. The duck

house need never be an expensive

building, but it must be such as can

be kept perfectly dry inside at all

times. An open shed will not do.

Ducks are well protected by their

feathers and can endure a great deal

of dry cold, hence the duck house

need not be constructed for warmth.

Cold winds, rains and snows must be

eXCluded, however, and a good dry

floor is very essential because ducks

sleep on the floor. A plank floor ele-





NOV. 23. 1914.





Winter Management of Ducks & Geese.





ter, the aim should be to feed so as to

have the birds in a vigorous, healthy

condition at the opening of the laying

season. The ration should be differ?

ent from that given the chickens. It





should be varied at least a part of the 4





time and must not be too highly con-

centrated. A warm mash, composed

of bran, corn meal and cooked vege-

tables, is relished greatly by the birds

on cold mornings. In fact, good re-

sults can be secured by giving this

mash regularly morning, noon and

night, allowing the birds all that will

be eaten-quickly and clean. For the

sake of variety, however, raw vege-

tables and a little whole grain, soaked

for an hour before feeding, is good.

The Care of Geese.



Until the arrival of grass and in-

sects the ducks may be given about

all they will eat if the feed is not too

highly concentrated. If the feed is

placed in a trough, with slats attach-

ed, less waste will occur. An abund-

ance of drinking water and coarse

grit should be kept available at all

times.



The stock geese should be provided

with a dry shed or building facing the

south for their winter quarters. The

shed, or house should be kept clean

the same as the duck house. Although

geese can endure a. great deal of ill

treatment and filth, this is not the

proper treatment to accord them. The

bedding material in their house needs

to be cleaned out two or three times





 





voted several inches from the ground

is preferable. The building should be

well lighted. The duck house requires

no furnishings in the way of perches

or nest boxes, but several inches of

clean straw or other litter should be

kept on the floor at all times for bed-

ding. The bedding material should be

changed frequently, before the old

bedding becomes damp or badly soil-

ed. An abundance of bedding mate-

rial helps to keep the floor clean, it

provides comfort for the birds at

night and during the laying season it

prevents soiled or broken eggs.

Ducks Easily Cared For.

Before cold weather sets in the duck

house should be put in the proper

shape for winter, then the birds

should be trained to roost indoors by

driving them inside each evening and

fastening them in, until they have

learned what is expected of them. The

fowls will soon learn where they be-

long at night and will then go to their

quarters of their own accord. During

fair weather the fowls may be allow-

ed their liberty in the daytime, as

they enjoy being out in the open air,

but they should not be allowed to

wander around through the snow in

cold weather.

Except for the work of feeding, the

ducks require the least attention of

any fowl during the winter. The build-.

ing should be kept clean and sanitary

at all times, of course, but dust baths

need not be provided, and swimming

water is not necessary in 'Winter. With





 





 





the breeds which do not lay in win-





 





An Economical Farm Poultry House.





a week. The fowls may be allowed

their liberty nearly every day in win-

ter as long as they have warm, dry

quarters at night.



The winter feed for geese may con-

sist of almost any kind of whole or

ground grains. Equal parts of bran,

corn meal and middlings, moistened

with warm water, is good for break-

fast and in the evening a meal of

whole oats and corn may be given.

Vegetable food, such as steamed clo~

ver, silage or cooked vegetables,

should also be supplied occasionally.

Geese should not be fed with the oth-

er poultry and separate quarters are

required.





Indiana. W. F. PURDUE.





 





LEAVES FOR LITTER.





 





In the fall of the year I gather for-

est leaves, all I can get. These are

dumped into the chicken houses. A

quantity is also stored away in sacks

to be used during the winter months.

These leaves serve a double purpose.

They provide scratching material for

the chickens, and when reduced to a.

dust they are carted away to the’gar-

den. The chickens get the leaves in

excellent shape to be incorporated-

with the soil. Leaves contain some

fertility, but are more valuable as as.

fertilizer for the garden on account of

the humus they add to the soil.



Indiana. T. Z. RICHEY.





 





The undersized, runty hen noisily;





5 poor layer.





 





 





A
THEVMICHIG'ANHFARMER.





 





NOV. 28- 1914.

am sisters“. V ' » Iouro nEumI nIrIs FOII 31153:. has?

c A1115 5 ' . cheaters. F. L. BBOKAW, Eagle. Michi can.

‘ ' OHIO IIELIIIIES &. MEIIIIIOS “1“” ”fit“ Tm:





 





ABERDEEN ANGUS





B ll d eariin ready for service. aired

.1 finiiii'il-w’mg... 1".“ onsets: if“



r —" I P

Brgaunhnéamgm "Inofzw'mmtfio‘i. sup wri

bisexupwggaggrgiigwrsei ither at Somerset,

Addison or Addison“5 J one“





You are boundto od delves from these bulls





 





even with strongly “I! ry UPI

MITI‘I H6 00..

ADDIS%§%ND.80M 8“ case's. MICHIGAN.





 





ABERDEEN-ANGUS





HERD FOUNDED IN 1900.





 





FROM 1 l0 3 YEARS OLD





Ten Bull calves, two to ten months old.

Ten cows, Your Choice frOm my entire

herd. Don’t let anybody make you

believe he can sell you a better bull for

less money than I can. Don’ t delay the

purchase of bull until the other fellow

gets the one you want. Write me or





 





rams.

Also bred Ewes. S. H SANDERS. AshtabuBla. Taro)





AM SOLD OIIT of rams but have a few aged.

bred. OXFORD D-DOWN EWES at farmers

prices. M. F. GANSSLEY. Lennon. Michigan.





OXBFORD Down Ram and Ewe Lambs. and Be.

kreshi re’s. either sex. Priced to move quic

CHASE'S STOCK FARM. B. 1. Mariette. Michigan.





11' PAYS TO BUY PURE B S

PARSONS Thaw“ “I

"I mafia giggly: £05.12? or? and :pgcee. rm.





PARSONS. GrandLedze. Mich. R 1.





 





 





   

   

   





   

 





 





 





 





32W WEIGHED 952 L35.





23 MONTHSO D

‘ IONIA GIRL





I have started more breeders on the road to; sue-



ce-thnn an man living. I have thelargest and flu-



est oo-herd int e U. 8. Every one an early developer,



ready forthc market at six months old. I want to



film“, one hog in each community to advertise my

Write for my plan.‘ 'ch to Make Money from y



oge." o. Is. IIIIJAMIII. union 0 Portland. urea.





 





 





 





 





icas.B leek-

2:33:11: oPridutgffinsB'ltagl: $01131? Elto. h. bull 101! 001116 at once° nu "MDDlUDl fl“. “1,6303%?“ gomggadfféal-

' «1 mum... L E CONNELL r to 01.133...“ ““ 1.3“" if

“£36331“ EitySTan RM. nimllloh. ' ' s aye on 00 registered stock. MT orrioe. Mic

‘ I ESHADE FARM SHROPSHIRES. Ram

—-One of the foremost dair breeds. The APL l

"BSHIBES most mnomioal milk arorluoers. Calves Purebred Registered VM {3.311132} [oi [glance Breeding Exes filllclgljgg'n.





f on s; Duroc J eney

agiligloMicm School for the kDeaf. Flint. Michigan.





BEACH FARM





OOEBNSEYS





At Thee-Forum: t0 One-Half Price





Owing to the quarantine stopping the moving

0f cattle, we will contract our young. pure bred

bulls at the above discount. to be delivered as

soon as the quarantine is lifted. (if the State does

not bury them). People who got our price

can verify the show by dropping us a card. All

will receive a square deal. Three of these bulls

are old enough for service. These prices will not

last. better act quick.





CAMPBELL £9 ANGEVINE.

cowwm‘sa. MICHIGAN.





Buy Guernseyslor Profit 0





Your investment in GUERNSE YS

will return a. larger profit than that





it In an other dai breed.

0 .3“ RI TE FOR diam-runs.





Guernsey collie club. Box 25,’ Peisrboro,l. II





 

   

   





 





 





Famous May Bose Strain. A select herd.

Tub. Tested. Several A. 11.0. Cow

J. K. Blatchford. Windermere Farm.Watervliet. Mich.





Orrrmy:





e have for sale a number of pure Guernsey cows.





 





h ifs and b l . also Berkshire

vrrfna'dn mill. Grass Lake. méliimn.

Imp. Jim of ldgewaterm. A304 can





Orion»

1 JO





f selli is in breedlAge rite.

Mfi. 0,,3fio11and MISS“.





FOR SALE.

Three Flne Young Bullsm





9 and 10 months old. from

Md pound cows.



eachm one giving ever 10.

lbs. milk a year—prices

8125 “(18150. The two 0 d-

est nioel y marked—the other

has black back and sides.with

some white. DeKcl



.3. 8rd. and King of the

Pontiacs' blood.





DIGELOW’S BOISI'EINFARH

Breedsviile, Mich.





FOR SALE





Ready for light service from a 30-“) sire.





HOLSTEIN BULLS





rich in the blood of Ben rveld De Kol. Friend

Hengerveld De K01 Butter oy. and Pontiac Korn-

dykc three his sons. King of the Pontiacs. and

Pontiac Awe Korndyke. Pedigrees on application.

ED. 8.. LEW l8. Marshall. Mich.





HATCH HERD

REGISTERED IIOLS'I'EIII- FHIESIAIIS





YTPSILAN MICH.



HERD summons fro'm choiceA MILO Ofidams and

Elai'P e motif?“ Jewel Kram‘dy7kg. 60dAams in his

g1- eav 25mm s n aye. rage

gent off toft ree nearest dams 4.3 . 31:35 inn iii-gt!



three generations In his pedigree have 500A.B

disfiglfiters. P cesreaslonfible. t ‘ h

.0 our own seec on B I For

Tecumseh Mich hi n..B :- D110. 1 03:35.29“ m"

l)n YPSILANTI. MICEGAN.





For Sale Pure Bred





Holstein ' IIoiIors and Bulls.





De Kai and Landry Girl Butter Boy strain.

LEWIS NELLER. - Lansing, Mich.





EGISTBBRBD HOLSTEINS—Herd headedh Albin

R BonteB u tyterBo No. ”sch dam his semi.-

official yearly record. Butter lbs. Milk W1

2413-0111. 30 stock for sale. V7.3 EReader. Howell. Mich.





7 5 FOR REGISTERED HOLSTEIN BULL, ready

$5 for service 836 to for one month BOB-





'stered calves. For nick sales

'mvnn vmw Innis. 3. No. a. Vn-nr. Mich.





 





 





anel -Lot Herd Sires—Line bred E l

Ham b.daln. Line bred Pontiac xé‘fifi‘ififl’ifif

dun. lsorviocf see 50‘ “.Ia. In... [sh-fin, “fortl





“Tgp;Notcbl=l:’ Holsteins.

mm" m omnrfrworh’lo'ihblmbutmwnu L m





unoflhas

.50lbs. 1.30:1. Si

117 hterofamfig'boow m’ldamisaflfllb. 4112-013

Me





BERDON FARMS 00.. Howell. Michigan.





FORSALE Wedflolstehliufls





My for service.“ bell cal

remnant J. mam 113°: m‘flm‘:





no WI III F" “k“ Jammy-mu





“manna Wm

Hammer 1...... «3» mm

or may remind. Jones C Lats. Oak Mich.





Holstein-Frisian Dread-I‘m“ W hat-





nnurm 11...,“qu





 





townhouse-terms





HOLSTEIN

CATTLE





A man in New York State owns two tenvyear-

old purebred registered Holstein cows that

have recently made fine records seven

daystea one ave 571 pounds of milk (averan'e

fatten 04?.44 per cent.) makin 31.6 pounds

of butter: thirty days she gave 400 4 ounis

of milk (av age .21 per cent. fat alr-

iongr p“pounds of butter. The other male

29 nds of butter In seven days and

11"16. 17 pounds in thirty days.



Holstein- Friesian Cows milk earlier. longer.

more per year and more per life than any

other breed.





Scndfcr FREE Illustrated Descriptive Booklet.

Tbs HolsIsIn-Frlsslen Association of Amerlca,

Box 164. Brattleboro. Vt.





Enron Farm Holslolns





Lansing, Michigan.

For. QUICK SALE .

Choice Bull Call 10 mos. old $75.

A few Choice Females.





CHASE s. OSBORN,

ADAM E. FERGUSON gownm'





MOHIOIIIL HOME AIO TlllllllllO SOHOOL





PEER. MIC

Breeder of High Grade Holstein Cattle. Lists and

prices upon application.





 





 





 





 





 





 





EGISTERED HOLSTEIN COW 4 years old. Her sire has 14



A. R. 0 daughters. hers son of Pistertde Bengerveld' s Count

DeKol 100 A. 11.0. daughters, 4 above 80 lbs. butter in 7 days.

Dark markings. fresh' In August. Bargain. $195 delivered to your

town. safe arrival guaranteed. Hobart W. Fay. Mason, Mich,





JERSEY BULL FOR SALE—l4 mos. old. can be Beg

Bull and mother won 1st premium at alamaaoo

Fair. Address.“ bert KremerJi itKalamazoo. Mich.





Lillie Farmstead Jerseys





Bulls ready for service. several from Register of

Merit Cows. Four bred helf ers. ones. Herd



Tuberculin tested. Pri oes reasons 1e.



COLON C. LILLIB. Coopersville. Michigan.





 





 





 





THE WILDWOOD HERD





Registered Jerseys. Herd headed by Majesty' s Wonder

N.o 9071'? Bull calves for sale by Majesty' s Wonder and

from 1113) producing dams. Alsop Grandson of Stoke

Pogis of respect. Born March 1913. Satisfaction uar-

anteed. Write for prices. Alvin Balden. Capac. ich.





CROUSE’S OLD HOMESTEAD JERSEYS





J Bll mé surplus Full Blood Jerseys are sold





ROU OUSE, Hartland, Michigan.





Jersefis. Bulls ready for service. extra quality sired

accbn' s Fair Emanon. No. 101111. fro mih h

ITHIE PARKER. Howell. m.Mic





 





 





producing dams. 8





His fers from Re

For 83]. 1.39,: Ancestry. Raleigh- and Exile

of St. Lambert breeding. Also cows withll egister of

Merit records. Waterman & Waterman. Ann Arbor. lieh

READY FOR





H OLSTEIN BU L L BUSINESS.





World record stock 8100 to 8300. LONG BEACH

FARMS. Augusta. Kalamasoo Co..Mlchi igan.





lsmy Bull: for Sale 32?..“8i‘il’o’fi‘é‘éfi 353%}:

semi-oilioial test. 0.3 .We nor. 3.8 .Allegan. Mich.





"ow l" SERVICE—A Son of the 060.000 sire

Segis Pontiac Aloartra.



GREGORY l BORDE.H0'wel1. Michi: an.

MAPLE Lane Register of Merit Jersey Herd—Tu-

berculin tested by U. S. Government. For sale

tor of Merit cows. also bulls. bull calves and

he or calves. havinglfromF 3 to? Registerof Merit dams

in their pedigrees BVIN FOX Allegan. Michigan.

JERSEYS —For list of stock for

sale and Jerse facts

writeA. P. EDISON. Sec. M. J. C. 0..



Grand Rapids. M.ich If a breed



of M. J. C. 0. send list of stock for sale to the above.





BUTTER BRED JERSEY“ BULLS





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FAR

Silver Creek. Allegan County. Michigan.





ERSEys—YBAR'LINO BULL READY FOR

RVI CE. Also bull calves.

rookwater Farm. 8. I‘.D “No 7. Ann Arbor. Mich.





For Sale, Shorthorn Bulls'gn‘”y ”$2,. 3:33;:

dale and Victor Linwood. both International Win-

ners. JOHN SCHMIDT.R .B. 1 Reed City. Mich.





EDDIE :linlllDl’I III": And Oxford Down Yearling





Rams for see

11. B. PETERS. Burton. Michigan. 11.11. Elsie.





:llDrllles-Dflu or beef bred. Breeding stock all

ages for sale at farmers prices. 0. W. Cram.

Secy. Cent. Mich. Shorthorn Breedera’ Assn.. McBride. Hich.





Inonrnonl nous Fllll sou—pg, an; “a...





10,100 lbs. milk and 518 lbs. butter with first calf “11183;:

year. Reasonable price. Write. I'JV. Jekasea,0aeter,lish.





SWIHOBIS: O DHOIOE YOUNG Illill: EDI “LE

w. w. mm. Howell. Michigan.





 





later of Merit





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





SHEEP.





Rams and Ewes from the first prise locks of Cotswold-

Idcsstsn. Lincolns and (1de Downs; two years old runs

and ewes; yearling rams and lambs, either sex. Some of these

mun am Barry'l‘.Crendeil, may.“





Rm Sm MHAMPSHIREIL





EDS AND

039...... n:

llowa‘ready tor heroines.

tothe mono.





 





 





 





 





Imtthtt E

E a air? sowrite





 





 





 





 





SHRoPSulRES-Young rams and ewes of good

qualit sired B.by imported rams.

Prices right. WILLIS S M ADE 3.3. Lapeer. Mich.

NGLESIDE FARM offers 14 recorded shropshire ewes

of good ages which are bein bred to an im rted

ram. HER RBERT E. P0 ELL. Ionia. 1011.

‘AquOL- -MUTTON Shrop. Rams. cheap to close out

uiok. Good. big lust?"0 folkbws. from imp. sire,





Writeq for special prices. Swinc and Short

horn cattle. Maplewood Stock Farm. Allegan. Mich





loading Shropshire Barn: al prions lhal are righl.





ORRISH. Flushing. Michi Ea n.





nrorsrrnsn oxrono Insulin?“ R...





F. ILLER. Flint, Michigan.





tllIllll'SIIlIlE IIIMS Illll Ell: Fall SALE

DAN BOOHER. R. No. 1, Marion. Michigan.

R E G. S H R 0 P S H I R Erhprgg. $320.23:er





HARRY POTTER. R. No. 5. Davison. Michigan.





 





 





tacos.





B k h' —Orders booked for sows to be bred for

er 3 "BS next spring ferrowing. Fall pl 88

each now. B. AVEY. Akron. Mich can.





' -—Reg. Berkshire Boers ready for services

BSIkSIllr'S also spring pigs either sex at farmer.





prices. White Oak Farm.R “No 4 Brown City. Mich.





llOYlllOI lelEhO BERKSHIREVSEEW‘ii'iii'drBL‘iE:





tered stock h£apers. at farmers’ prices.

.VALENTIN Sup'ut Temperance, Michigan.





BERKSHIRES riced to move quick Farmers

stock. ELMIIURS STOCK FARM. Almont. Mich

nything in Reg. Chester White Swine. 10 weeks

old‘pi g1 810.1ieg Holstein Herd Bull cheap.

. PARH AM. Bronson. Michigan.



"ESTER WHITES. August and September pigs. from

sires as Chickasaw Bud, Modeler. Bronson King. Acertiflcste



of registry with each pig. John Gintling, Bronson. Michigan.





 





Choice spring bears and gilts.





 





 





 





HAMPSHIRE Swine-Breedingwstock of all ages

from most popular strains rite for breedln

Inspection invited. Floyd Myers 11.9. Decatur. In .





 





HAMPSHIRE SWINE—Choice young stock for fall breeding.

both sexs. prices reasonable. West Wind Farm. Pontiac.

Mich. E. P. HAMMOND. (wner. N. A. WISER. Manager.





Originators of the

Famous 0. I. C.

Swiss I





 





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





Two 0. LC. Hogs

Weigh 2806 lbs.





Whyiose profits breeding



and feeding scrub hogsgs ‘9‘

c of our 0.



weigh 2806 lbs. 1Will ship i»



you sample pair of these



amous hogs on time and



give agency to first applicant. We



are or inators most extensive breeder



and shippers 0f, thorou ufhbred hogs m U



world. Allforelgn sh pments





U. S. Govt. inspected





We have bred the 0.1. C. Hogsfor 5! years

and have never lost a he with cholera

crany other con cus ass.





 

 

 





Hot from Birth to Sales





THE L. B. SILVER C0.

196 Vickers Ilka Cleveland, 0..





—1 stock boar. also 3 and 5 months

0. lo co SWine old £1)in from good thrifty stock.

Prices reasonable. Em Royal Oak. Mich.





o I c -—Bred sows and spring ig's. large and growthy.

. - Pairs and tries. not akin Write your wants.

GLENWOOD STOCK FARM. Zeeland. Mich.





o I 0 March. April and May pigs; the big.

I I wthy k in! that always makes cod

mum. NIC 0.1.s a. r D. No. 2. Lawrence. fires





0 I C —Choloe spring boars of March and

O I O A ril fax-row. Prices ri

JOHN BEBN'I‘BI





 





 





 





on, Grand Ledge. nicriinn.

_ i ‘

O. I. C. Swine 3?.‘3?§?3r352°p 33.32





your order with me before they are sold. Get my

price on pairs and tries of Aug. and Sept. far-row.

GORDEN, R. No. 2, Don. Michigan.





 





0. I II. and Chester While Swine.





We won this year at 111. State Fair nine first

prises. four seen and five Champions includin

both Grand Champions: at Wis. we won twelve fl

pri see. five seconds and all Champions. We have over



(”pigs on hand of eve age. A later kfii sh wood

on their own merits , . ROLLING VIEW

STOCK FARM, R. No 2. Cass City. Michigan.



9

o- It C from state fair winners.

AVONDALE SPOOKF ABM. Wayne. Michigan.

0 l c! —I have extra line lot of last spring boars



I s and a lot of this flail pigs either sex. not

akin. will have a bra new sale in Ja an. )6 mile west

ofDepot. OTTO B. SCHULZE. Nashville. Mich.

oI '- c Boers reedyforservice. Also spri



I gilts. stock recorded in Goshen In

B. W. MANN. Dansville. Michigan.





0 l c Choice Gilts for Spring Farrow. Not bred.

~May$ irrs. Choice serviceable bears the l

bodiedtlnd. EVINV HEATT Grass Lake. Mic .





o L C’s—Berylosable boars weigh ghingllfio tom lbs.

6 P Prices ri list. to move them. pay express.





0' l. _c’.—~Fine 1.13.5: either sex. m”





I .

.e. n. GBABAM’. .oncfifi‘h.





 





 





—Sp‘ringf pigs. pairs and tries. no.





 





 





 





 





 





0.. lC-‘u. logoodhoars. ”Stomach. Onevcry

Bani-tend tree.

161301128021, . n.-





‘89





 





 





o I C's—Large bone klnd.’1‘akin orders





for Se tember pigM hipped

C. 0. D. J. W. HOW LL. Elsie. iohlgan.





o I c! —$TRICTLY BIG TYPE. For 12 yrs.

I I s Ihave been breeding for size and

length with qualitIy. Lengthy Prince one of the largest

boars the breed ev er produ .heads our herd. assisted



yWhite Monarch and Frosts Choice 2nd. rize under

six Months boart at Mo. Inter State Fair 14. took

for sale at all times. prices reasonable Address.

NE EWMAN'S STOCK FARM R. No.1,Marlette.Mich.





Duroc Jerseys—15 aprrng boars and





15 sows; also 60 fall

from the principal strains; pairs and tries.





i

p.8STAHLMAN. Cherry Lawu Farm. Shepherd. Mich.





Duroc Jersey Bears





From Prize-Winning Stock.

Write. or better still. come.





Bronlrwaler Farm, Ann Arbor,MIch.,ll.F.ll.7.

DUROC JERSEYS, Sspring Pigs For Sale





CAREY U. EDMOND Hastings. Michigan.

breedln right



DUROC BOARS For Salc,p,.oe,.g{f. 3m“

about 175 lbs. April & May furrow $25 whll last.

H. G. ESLER R.R .No. 5. Cassopolis.e ich.





—25 choice boars. some fine March gllts

Duroc 103018; and a few bred sows for October

farrow. W. TA





YLOR. Milan. Michigan.

OUOOO lEHSElS—ifilf‘é’fig‘i’pfii" fiihefii‘i" 5'53?

BERT SWEET, R. No. l. Hudsonvilie, ich.





 





 





 





—Au. pigs. either sex. Also Holstein

”limo 10m” bul calf. and Indian Runner Drakes

at reasonable prices E. MORRIS. Monroe. Mich.

UUUUU JERSEYS—Spring pigs of either sex at reason

able prices. Pairs not akin.

W. J. BAUMAN. Burr Oak. Michigan.

——For sale. of the heavy boned type.

Duroc Jerseys A few choice boars and fall pigs.

M. A. BRAY. Okemos. Ingham 00.. Michigan.





 





 





DUROC JERSEYS-85 fancy boars and gilts of popular

blood lines. good individual quality. Special prices for





30 days. JOHN MchCOLL. Ste. A. R. 4. Bay City. Michigan.





POLAND OHINAS





The Large Prolific Kind

W“ 1...... SPRING BOARS

nice lot of

At Farmers’ Prices.

ALLEN BROS

Paw Paw. - - Michigan.

POUND OHIIIS’EFJé‘éfiy”lfgcf'fi‘i'laii‘a 11%?

L. W. BARNES It B.ON Byron. Michigan.





[AHGE TYPE P. c -E“h°’ 99!. pairs and tries. not





akin. Am booking orders for

bred slits. W. J. HAGE LS HAW. Augusta. Mich.

Big Type Poland Chins Boers and Oilts





siz so and reatgualiti". I know I can

ROBERT M liTI D. No.





—0ne extra good fall yearling





Lars. Serln P c- and the best lot of spring boars





from large litters of the best breeding; 9 sows farrowing

88 pigs. H. 0. WAR TZ, Schoolcraft, Michigan.





POUND Ollllll Wills-333?. and A¥"{“"°1§'-“d

11min . .

right. (3. w. HOLTON.R ..No 11 K315121300. 1133':





BIO "PE POLllIO OHIIIlS For narrtfnnsis’h‘:





by that great 1000 lb. Wboom Hillcrest Won er. They

make reat broodso Bave also some splendid fall

gigs. ILLOREST WFARM. Kalamazoo. Michigan.





Iron SALE—A choice bunch of Poland Chinas. all

es over lift head to choose from.

P__r___ices right 0





YDE FIS Eli. St. Louis. Mich.

For Sale. Poland Ohina Pg):





—April and Sept. farrow,

point. Carson city. A. 0.





either sex. Shl ping

Poland Ohinas °' “m b‘





 





lenty of

ease you.

7. East ngs. Mich.





h'nabargar. Crystal lr'h

furrow.





type. March and April

he kind that please our

customers. A. A. WOOD & SON.





Saline. Mich.





 





Poland Chines, either sex. all ages. Something good

ate low DfirirN-ec Bargains in boars ready for ser-

8. Grand Rapids Mich.





Plum Creek Stock Farm now offer choice heavy boned Duroc

Jersey Bears ready for service. Fall pigs, pairs not nlriu.

P. J. Drodt B No. .Mon oe. Mich.





THE FABMERS' HOG. -—Butler' s Big Boned Prolific

Poland Chinas grow big. keeeveasy.:B mature early.

ready for market at 6 months. Because we've

bred them that way for more than ,2'0 years 50 blg

boned. long bodied. high class boars at farmers' prices.

Buy one and make more mone rho P. O.

H_i__sto;v Free. J. 0 normal" Portland. fiiiosrg‘m'





BIG Type boars by Big Smooth Jumbo. Greatest

boar in Stat t,e 748] b.s at 17 mo. These boars are

lcngb tall big bone. sold at farmers prices shipped

Call or write. Wm. Wafl'le. Goldwater. Mich.

[AUUE "PE P c —Largest in Mich. Fall ipigs all



sold. order a sprin sired

by tingle: est bear in the U. . weight to? fbs.





mo (lorriesr Ex uses aid if

represented. W. E. n'.i..IVIl‘iGS'l"(.0N. arma. Illylyitoli:





AROE STYLE POLAND CHINA SPRING M F

LP PIGS. DalrpBreed Shortborn Bulls an?! Oxalrld‘

Buck Lambs rices right Robert. love. Pierson. lick.



EDIUM type P. 0. Boats. one dalédy“o yearling. A





few big type sired by Bi

priced right. a. J. LANER .Nog7 0133:11033332





FOR SALE—POLAND CHINA Boar-s dy

March furrow for oservice.GoAKlio E331“ bredre is»:





—-JWe have some! nicel M I

lorlrslriro Swirls .8... m... ”p ‘~ M"

prices. osrRAann anon. L‘i'oué'y'f'ifrcfiigfi’é‘l





YORKSHIRES





harem] -bodied. prolific kind. Gilts b ed f I

September morocco choi ice 1lot 31’





mwa‘a '32)de ll Pi‘i"A'¢i:°mM1]¢iupn.





Lillie Farmstead Yorkshlres





n [tilts and gilts bred forB September furrow.

I'3‘31319 either sex pairs and tries not akin.

on guaranteed.





vice.





Also Shropshire Rams.





fies

cows 0. LILLIB. Commlfle. Michigan.
i

i

l





 





. EJ—JJIIllllllIlllIlllllllHIllIlHlllllllllllllllllllIIIIIlllllIlllIIIll!llllNHllIlllllIllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllfllll





, g: Veterinary.





488-20





llllllllllliliilfllllllllllllfi





filllllllllllIlllllllllllllllIllllllllIHIIllIlllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll E





CONDUCTED BY.W. C. FAIR,’V. S.





Advice through this department is

free to our subscribers. EaCh com-

munication should state history and

symptoms of ,the case in full; also

name and address of writer. Initials

only will be published. Many quer-

ies are answered that apply to the

same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably

find the desired information in a re-

ply that has been made to someone

else. When reply by mail is request-

ed. it becomes private practice, and a

fee of $1.00 must accompany letter.





 





0





54'1" H E- M I on i‘zGTAlNC' FthM ER?





How ‘ the Public _ pm 5. ts





By Telephone ’ImproVemerits





Here is a big fact in the telephone progress of this country:





 





Hand in hand 'with inventions

and developments which have im-

proved the service many fold have

come operating economies that

have greatly cut its cost.





and their resulting economies. con-

srder a few examples:





 





 





 





 





Contagious Abortion—Churning Dif-

ficult.—Two months ago one cow lost

her calf at seven months, at which

time her milk was bitter; it was diffi-

cult to convert cream into butter and

I might add that this cow has gained

but little in her milk yield; besides, it

is bitter and we have trouble to make

butter. She has a good appetite and

appears to be in perfect health. F.

C. B., Reed City, Mich.——If your cow

has vaginal discharge, wash her out

three times a week with the following

solution: Made by dissolving 1 dr. of

permanganate potash in a gallon of

clean tepid water. Change her feed,

clean hands and udder before milking,

be sure that the pail you milk into is

thoroughly cleaned and that the milk

is kept in a clean place free from bad

odors and where the air is not foul.

A cow that miscarries at or before

the seventh month period, never milks

as Well as if she carried calf for full

period.



Wolf Teeth—Some time ago I

bought a colt and am told it has two

small wolf teeth and when driven

acts a little nervous as .if“ uth was

sore; besides, her sight see s to be

affected. J. S., Boyne, Falls, Mich.—

Extract the wolf teeth and it may be

that shedding temporary grinder teeth

may affect her health. Give a half

teaspoonful of nux vomica, a table-

spoonful of fluid extract of gentian at

a dose three times a day.



Castro-Intestinal Catarrh.——I am

very much worried over a disease that

has got in my flock of hens. First

symptom is often a little lameness in

one leg, bowels very loose, passages

either yellow or white. Their combs

usually turn black, some of the hens

die quickly, hers linger along, but

are of no acco t. Mrs. P. S., Owos-

so, Mich—Dissolve 1 dr. citrate of

iron in a gallon of drinking water,

also give each one 1 gr. of subnitrate

of bismuth at a dose three times a

day until their bowels improve. Kind-

ly understand the importance of clean-

liness and thorough disinfection. Their

roosting place should be whitewashed

with fresh lime; you should also

spray roosting poles and floor of coop

with one part carbolic acid and 49

parts water.



Enlarged Gland—Stocking.—I would

like to know what I had better apply

to reduce a bunch in throat of horse,

which does not appear to do him

much harm. I might add that this

bunch has been there two or three

years and increases a little in size ev-

ery year. When this horse is allowed

to stand in stable, his legs stock. J.

H. K., Marion, Mich—Apply one

part iodine and seven parts of fresh

lard to bunch two or three times a

week. Also give him 1 dr. potassium

iodide at a dose in feed or water twice

a day. Mix together one part pow-

dered sulphate iron, one part ground

nux vomica, two parts powdered ni-

trate of potash and four parts ground

gentian and give him a tablespoonful

at a dose two or three times a day.

He should have daily exercise.



Hard Milken—I have a valuable

Holstein cow that milks very hard,

making it disagreeable to milk her.

What would you suggest to dilate the

milk passage? G. D. 0., Horner,

Mich—A highly polished steel probe

is the best kind of an instrument;

however, its point'must be dull and

you should have probesof different





sizes in order to dilate teat .canal.» A_ .,





teat expander whiéh‘opeiis when pres-

sure is applied on handle, is most

commonly used by veterinarians, but

they should '; be handled with care,

avoiding rupturing fibers of the teat

canal. . ‘ y ,. .



Rheumatism—Sweeny.—A year ago

I purchased a mare that'has shown

lameness in both fore and hind .quar-





terand her sho'ulderslhave alsogbe~ .

come sweenied.‘ She has‘also passed ,





a fewvwormsg C S. Farmington,

Mich—Give your mare 1* dr. salicy-

late 'offsoda .at a (less three times a





day;‘_ also“a teaspoo’nful .of sulphate, of H 0





iron and a dessert‘spoonf-ul of— salt





on:ce‘ a' day. Apply equal parts of turl





pentine,~aqua ammonia-and oliVe‘oil‘

to- atrophied muscles of" shoulder





three times a week.





Your present telephone instru-





Original Standard

’4 Bell Telephone Bell Telephone {nemt had seventy-two ancestors:

1876 ‘To-dsy it Is better and cheaper than any





of them.





Time was when a switchboard

required a room full of boys to

handle the calls of a few hundred

subscribers. Today, two or three

girls will serve a greater number

without confusion and very much

more promptly.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





A three-inch undergnound cable

now carries as many as eight hun-





 





guly Typical dred wires. lf strung in the old

Telephone Present-day way, these would require four sets

0 £8611”!!! of poles, each with twenty cross





. _ , .arms—ia congestion utterly pro-

“; "' V“? hibitive in city streets.

24“





$1





a

i





' These are some of the familiar

improvements. They have saved

tens of millions of dollars.





. , 7 i. _ _ , . But those which have had the

: i Jami. - -; \\ fmost radical eiiect, resulting in the

W}: TELL; _ ‘ - largest economiesand putting the

”J“, " "" telephone within everyone's reach,





5





3’!

grit?





3’ $5373.

3.

small





3





‘.

v

I

I





 





 





If City ware." 800 Wire. are too technic’alnto describe here.

“rel.e Carried in Underground And their value can no more .be

Overhead \ Cable estimated than can the value of





the invention of ‘the automobile.





This progress in economy, as well as in service, has given the United

States the Bell System with about ten times as many telephones. pro-

pertionate to the population, as in all Europe. '





AMERICAN TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMAQM'

AND ASSOCIATED COMPANIES"





One System Universal 5min

““rl'lt’t'é'“ COOKED FEED





Saves You Money



Learn what agricultural col-

lege and exp‘erimentnl station

men say. rite for printed

matter on the





. “Farmers’ Favorite”

Feed Cooker and Boiler





Just the thing for cooking feed

for Mpoufltry and 3081:; h'eatin

we. r or cows— u c ering o

to“ '“d' CM“ in hogs—washing. eta. rendering





shucks, sheaf cats or -

my kind of grain, cosrae’mo- ism-d and tallow, sterilizing





dium or fine. Require 25% less

power than any other mill.

__ Especially adapted for gasoline

'~ v engines. Write for now catalog;





Duplex Mill a. Min. 00.. Box 808 Springfield, Ohio





 





Ono Policy





AK__ELv DUPLE





Only mill made with 3 double set of

srinders or burrs. Have a grinding

surface of just double that of any

other mill of equal size, therefore,





Do Twice as Much

Work.





"5: ." Grind our com, shelled

corn, oats rye, wheat,

barley, kaiflr corn, cot.-





 





BURNS

ANY





 

   

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





airy utensils. boiling sap. etc.

sizes. Satisfaction guaranteed.

Write today. . ‘

LEWIS MF‘G CO.. .

64-78 Owego Sh. Cortland. N.Y. Fo%%3§{~?gm





 





 





 





Yes, waiting for; every farmer or farmer’s son-an in-

dustnous American who is anxious to establish for him-

self a happy home and prosperity. Canada's hea invi—

tation this year is more attractive than ever. eat

is higher but her farm land just as cheap and in

the provmces of Manitoba. Saskatchewan and Alberta





180 lore lionesloalls are Initially Presto Settlers and

Other land at From 815 to $20 per Acre . ,





The peopleof European countries as well as the American continent ‘ I l '

. , fl, .. . mustbefed—

fmgreater-demnnd-for “ , diaanhnat‘Will‘lmegupthe rice. .Any farmer who ctiiiisbgg

iand at 315.00 to 830.00 per acre— get a dollar for w eat an raise 20 to 45 bushels to the acre;

lfinn to make money—thatfi what you can expect in Western Canada; Wonderful

yler s also of pats. fist-legal“! ax. Mixed. Far-mingle fully.as.pro'fi ble' an industry."

as hgrain raising. re excellent *grasses full of nutrition. are th'é'foii yt food required

at“: for beef ori dairy purposes. . Good schools, markets convenienticlirriate excellent?

1 semce s not compulsory in Canada but there is anilunusual ‘ ma ‘5

farm lgbor to replace the manyyp‘ung men who have volunteerEd . for- service fi thgllwlii:

tgrits zeroing-atom and particular: as to reduced railway nt‘eo ' tofiuperiuteudént Immigration, Ottawa,"





- 1 LMLV. ‘MelNN’Efs; .

176 Jefferson Avenue, . 7 j- H‘- Detroit, Mich.





.. .

, .r. .m.-;.. ._





To appreciate these betterments .





0' R i F m

I000 /o .e urns t0

.- the use of a‘HevrculesVStump Puller. j.

-" Bumper crops instead of ~' stumps. ‘WB

money ‘in place'of taxes. -‘ $1,290 ‘jrorn

{acres the ‘flrstii-yeawflwgin’:extracro s

. every year after.~ Get the catalog of e





la: ‘ Hercules

' Genuine Stool ' ‘.





Stump Puller ,





fYou can (gear waters

0 s umpan a. . 5

trial. Guhmnteed 8 . .

yeti-s. Special introdmuo-



o r ce- ropos on.



W I)Writp toda





e a tor



big tree on log. .



, HERCULES “moo. ,

Ill! 831d St.





 





 

 





 





 





 





rite - y r _ sum e an



. . . Send size of building length of

length of rafters and we will_ furni- free complete

estimate of cost- -w1thout ob‘ugntion on your par

buy—men make comparison and we the bi saving.

Also makers of galvanized shingles for houses.





30 Year Guaranteed Galvanized Roofing -





Made of selected best grads No. 24 gauge basic

open hearth metal with an extra heavy tight COAT-

"40 or GALvuuzr: and Puss Tm. Write today {or



riccl‘st No. 60. When you buy from us you my



run the manufacture 1-.





Established l 8 7 7

THE SYKES METAL LAT}! &_ ROOFING C0.

i-5l [-17:th Street, Niles, Ollie





 





prevent dams to eggs. garden



truck. fruits or livoqtocl: on road to



market. Make an wagon 1 spring wagon. Soon



save cost—produce rings bigger prices—wagon



“ longer—horses benefited. Thousands In use.

My wagon rides like auto" says one user.





MADE [IKE FIIIES‘I' AUTO IPBIIIII

nine principle-same care—same highquality steel

In Harve Bolster Springs as in finest automobile

Springs. 11 resiliency, durability and appearance they

cannot possibly be excelled. The Standard Springs



oi America since 1889. Get a pair at your dea-

‘ lets. If not at dealer's write us. Insist on Har- ‘

, vey's. 40 sizes-fit any wagon-sustain an loud

to 10.000 lbs. Cable and fistful of molfree.‘ \

WEI "ll" 60.. 52 Hill 3m. . III. .



/ .





 





 





 





0§K and HICKORY BY ONE MAN. Proven by sworn

Witnesses. 1"! KING OF THE WOODS. SAVES HONEY Ind

BACKACIIE. SPRING PRESSURE and GUIDE. adjust-

able i or man, now used on and of saw, a BIG 1915

IMPROV MEN? KEEPS SAW FROM FLOPFING and

makes thin straight out. Send for free catalog X44 show-

ins purer lurnovnuun'rs. First order eta agency.





Sawing Mach. Co.. 161 W. Harrison h. Cllicqufl.





? . " I d l

. ,PUMP, lellll SAW ”gm:

' . 3W0“! Mills are But. Engines are Simple

‘ “F.0d Grind Saw

Francs. Slim-uh

“’Lmvll nu

lull" WANTID

I’oIHu Will! Kill & ”

“seas-2m , ~





Maw-h. Ind.





 





 

 





 





 





 

 





     





Ts;





 





 





 





pe'oitl'ntten‘ti ”of? “do 8i “m" slid" 10“ “a" “Wild;

on vo - .- e ' ' . .

- .. . raw as ., .





 





d .1 r.prloes.and.terms.- 1.6.0017





thn7.wrlitiiie? t0 édiic’riiéefs pleas'e'





; realise-urine M ic’higin Fania.





 





 





. _ ". .Vl .. -...., _ »

-u:';e&snmnr9aawsv. mer- -~ -





fi' currents"uncovers-Uses:





. eds:- Fence Posts,





 

 





 





 





 





“i“