VOL. CXLllI. No. 23.

Whole Number 3812.





/

{WW/77” ’ {CW/l . /





The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





DETROIT, MICH.,‘ SATURDAY, DEC. 5, 1914.





50 CENTS A YEAR,

$1 FOR 3 YEARS.





 





 





OrganizatiOn for Community Welfare.





HE two main factors in the mak-



ing of farming a more attrac-



‘ tive occupation, ”are the develop-

ment of its business and social sides.

The large amount of work done along

these two lines indicates that the

farmers and the rural educators are

aware of their importance. In order

that the farmer may get a more just

share of the consumer’s price for his

products, there are developing in all

sections of the country, co-operative





organizations for selling farm pro-





duce. These and other co-operative

farm organizations also buy farm

equipment and other essentials of rur-

al living at a greater reduction than

they could otherwise be bought. While

co-operation is almost a byword in the

development of farming as a business,

it is rarely thought of in developing the

social side of the rural districts. We

have our Granges, Farmers’ Clubs and

other farmers’ social organizations,

but a co-operative rural social organ~

ization is rare, therefore the Wixom

Federated’Committee is unique among

rural organizations.



Wixom is a small town in Oakland

county, situated at the junction of

two railroads. It is a typical country

town, having a couple dozen houses,

two or three stores, small hotel and

creamery. It also has Its rural school

and country church, and is fortunate

in being surrounded by some very

good farm land which is tilled by pro-

gressive farmers.



Wixom, in common with other coun-

try towns, also has a country preach-

er, but this preacher, Rev. Fay Cilley,

is different. .He is not of the Sunday

religion dispensary kind who, besides

fulfilling his Sunday duties, limits his

services to attending weddings and

burials and keeping in the good graces

of the ladies and society. He is one

who believes that religion is an every-

dayaffair that can be applied and

practiced as well as thought. Having

practical Christianity foremost in

mind, he sought for a means of ap-

plying it and the Wixom Federated

Committee is the result.



This committee which" consists of





one member each of the Baptist

Church, of which Mr. Cilley is pastor,

the Grange, Farmers’ Club, the Sun«

day School, the Wixom school and the

local branch of the county Y. M. C. A.,

which has just been organized, has

been a factor in the social affairs of

the Wixom community since about a.

year ago last June, when the process

of organization was first “undertaken.

Its object is to get the various organ-

izations which constitute its member-

ship to concentrate their energies

along common lines. When there are

such a comparatively large number of

organizations in a community, jeal-

ousies are apt to‘arise and there will

be considerable useless repetition in





in the financial outcome. The com-

.mittee also has a course planned for

this winter, the first number of which

has already been given. Another ac-

complishment which would have been

practically impossible under the old

order of affairs was the obtaining of

a new union depot. This is a matter

upon which the committee has been

working all summer and they were re-

paid for their efforts in seeing the

ground broken for the new building

late in October. The committee is

also partly instrumental in bringing

about the organization of the local Y.

M. C. A. Another feature which will

be an annual affair is the Fourth of

July or Home-coming celebration. This





 





 





The Horticultural Exhibit at the Wixom Fair.





the work of good that the various or-

ganizations are doing. In carrying on

their social, religious and public work

in the spirit of co-operation through

this committee, much greater results

are obtained than in opposition along

these lines of work.



This committee was sufficiently or-

ganized last winter to carry on a very

successful lecture course of five num-

bers. While these courses had been

given in former years by the individ-

ual societies they were not nearly as

successful in the talent furnished or





 





The Exhibit of Fruits and Vegetables.





was a very successful event this year,

and the games and program partici-

pated in created favorable comment,

even from the doubters.

The Federation Fair.



Perhaps the most pretentious under-

taking of this committee was the VVix-

om Federation Fair, which was held

on October 31. The plans for this fair

were made last winter and the print-

ed premium lists were ready for dis-

tribution last April. Having the plans

for this fair made so early in the sea-

son was an indication of the progres-





 





.. 371's .er c...





siveness of the committee. It also

gave the participants due time to pre-

pare for this event, which was a de‘

cided success.



The day for the fair was ideal and

the attendance was very large. The

exhibits of fruit and vegetables were

shown on tables on the lawn beside

the meeting hall, and were especially

good. The poultry exhibit was also

outdoors, and while not very large,

consisted of some very fine specimens

of Indian Games, Silver Campines,

Plymouth Rocks, Wyandottes, and a

Bantam rooster. The latter was in

full dress, having on a white collar

and tie, and a hat.



Inside there was a very fine exhibit

of canned goods, baked goods and

fancy work. In the fancy work exhibit

a patchwork quilt made by two sisters

aged eight-two and eight—six respec-

tively, created considerable interest.

The quilt was made without the aid

of glasses, and was finished the night

before the fair. There were also

quilts made by two school children

which were a credit to their endeav-

ors. The hall also contained the ex-

hibits for the school contest; these

contained drawings, carefully prepar-

ed note books, examples of manual

training work and domestic science.

The drawings of farm animals were

especially good, and the aprons ex-

hibited were equal to the work of

older people. One unique exhibit was

a very careful work of darning a tear

in a piece of cloth. These were good

examples of the fact that the instruc-

tion in the rural schools is becoming

more practical. In this school con-

test Wixom school won first prize,

West Novi second, and New Hudson

third.



The Baby Contest Interesting.



The contest which created the most

interest was the better baby contest.

There were over twenty babies enter-

ed, and it took two doctors and a.

nurse over six hours to judge them.

The babies were put through all the

tests common to such contests, being

tested for mentality, eyesight and

general health. They were also care-





 





Demonstration.





 





Read our propositionon page 5l9 this issue—Read it Today.
490—2





 





THE MICHIGANntFARMER‘





DEC. 5, 1914.





 





fully measured to compare their meas-

urements with those of the standard.

The sweepstakes medal was won by

a boy, Richard Moore, who scored

96%. The first premium girl, Irene

Oldenburg, also scored 96%, and was

a very. close competitor for the sweep-

stakes premium.



A unique event which was held in

the afternoon was the demonstration

contests. The first consisted of first

aid and emergency methods, and the

contestants showed the method of re-

suscitating the drowned and the man-

ner of applying various kinds of ban-

dages. The demonstrations of some

household and farm operations con-

sisted of stringing seed corn, splicing

ropes and washing dishes. The young

lady who gave the dish-washing dem-

onstration, showing a labor-saving

method of doing that work, won the

first premium, and the boy who did

the corn stringing won the second pre-

mium. In the emergency method dem-

onstration, the young man who did

the bandaging won the first premium.

Dairy Cow Demonstration Instructive.



A very instructive feature of the

day’s events was a demonstration of

the dairy cow, by Prof. H. E. Denni-

son, of the Agricultural College. He

gave a very interesting talk on the

conformation of a good dairy cow, us-

ing the cows on exhibit to illustrate

his points. He showed up the good

and bad qualities of these subjects in

a very interesting and instructive

manner. The favorable comments

heard after the demonstration left no

doubt as to its practical value.



Premiums were offered in all of the

contests, and while the premiums

were not large, they helped to encour-

age the spirit of contest. To pay for

the premiums the committee served a

dinner for which a small charge was

made; they also derived some profit

from the sale of lemonade, popcorn,

and other refreshments during their

Fourth of July celebration.



While this committee has been very

successful it has not been without ob-

stacles to contend with. Being some-

thing new, it has been looked upon

with doubt by the ultra-conservative

kind. These mainly consisted of some

of the old church members who

thought it improper for the church

and the preacher to take part in any.

thing of this sort. A plan for buying

a piece of property between the

schoolhouse and church for play-

ground purposes was held in abeyance

on account of the objections of this

conservative faction. The objections of

these people are, however, being over-

come, and it is likely that this play-

ground will be one of the accomplish-

ments of the committee for next year.



Renewal of Interest Result of the



Committee Work.



The effect of the work of this com-

mittee has been to renew the pride in

the community, and create renewed

interest in its social development. It

has concentrated the efforts of the

various organizations of VVixom so

that they quickly show practical re«

sults. It has also shown that the peo-

ple have faith in a preacher who be-

lieves in practical Christianity, for the

attendance at church has greatly in-

creased and the Sunday school is tax-

ed to its capacity. It is another exam-

ple of the fact that religion must be

progressive as well as, other human

interests, in order that the church

may still be popular.



This is the fifth of the 52 special

articles announced for publication in

consecutive issues of the Michigan

Farmer. Other articles on the same

general topic will follow. The special





article for the next issue will be “The

Development of City Markets.”





 





MEASURING RAINFALL.





 





Some time ago you published di-

rections for making a rain gage. I

enclose directions sent out by the

W'eather Bureau, for finding the

amount of rainfall by weight, which

is, I believe, superior,,to a gage, re-





quiring a spatula or very thin rule to





dip into the gauge to measure ‘the

amount of rainfall. I use this weigh-

ing method to determine rainfall and

find it very satisfactory. It is quite

a satisfaction at least, to know exact-

ly how much the rainfall is at any

given time, or during any given pe-

riod. The weather bureau directions

follow:



An excellent equipment for collect-

ing and measuring either rain or snow

consists of a simple pail or bucket.

The location selected for setting out

the pail should be chosen at a point

in some open lot or field unobstructed

by large trees or buildings; neverthe-

less, low bushes, fences, or walls that

break the force of the wind in the

vicinity of the gage are beneficial if





 





 





 





not too near or too high. Low vegetal

growth near the gage is also bene-

ficial, but the top of the pail must be

at least as high as the general growth.

It is almost needless to say that the

pail must be secured against being

overturned by the wind, animals, or

accidental causes. Such a collector of

rainfall constitutes almost an ideal

rain and snow gage, and it remains

only to explain how to measure the

collected precipitation properly. If

now the diameter of the pail is just

10% inches at the topmost edge, each

ounce of water collected therein rep-

resents two—hundredths of an inch of

rainfall, or, in figures, 0.02. Many 12-

quart pails are exactly 10% inches at

the topmost edge. The depth of the

rainfall as shown by the water caught

in the 12-quart pail is, therefore, best

ascertained by weighing the contents

of the pail. Almost every farmer or

other individual possesses a small bal-

ance by which the weight of the pail

and its contents can be determined in

ounces or half ounces, and such a de-

termination of the weight is all that is

necessary to ascertain the rainfall.

However, it will be very convenient to

provide a simple balance, such as is

shown in the illustration, with a dial

having half-ounce gradations only,

numbered 0, 10, 20, 30,, etc. From

what has been said, such graduations

will represent hundredths of inches of

rainfall. A still further convenience

is secured if the special balance pro-

vided for weighing the bucket is ad-

justed so that the index stands at 0

on the scale when the empty bucket

is suspended on the balance. Conse-

quently, a simple scale reading of the

special balance when the pail contain-

ing the collected rainfall or snowfall

is suspended thereon becomes the

depth of water in hundredths of inch-

es. If, however, 'Only an ordinary'bal-

ance weighing in"ounces is available

and after a (rainfall the pail and its

contained water is found to weigh say





three pOunds eight ounces, and the

empty pail alone 'weighs only one

pound [14 ounces, the difference gives

one pound 10 ounces net, or 26 ounces;

26 multiplied by .02 gives .52 inch of

rain.

The measurement of the contents

of the pail by weighing avoids all dif-

ficulties as to whether the precipita-

tion is in the form of rain or snow.

The result is always the equivalent

depth of rainfall. Moreover, a pail

with sloping sides is just as good as,

in fact it is better than, one with ver-

tical or parallel sides. In each case,

however, the diameter must be just

10% inches at the top inside edge, so

that each half ounce of collected ma-

terial represents one-hundredth of an

inch of precipitation. The record

should be taken at about the same

time each day—weather observers re-

cord one day’s fall regularly at 5 p.

m. In hot weather, when water evap-

orates quickly the record should be

made as soon after the rain has stop-

ped as is practicable.

Barry 00. JOHN S. CHANDER.





KIND OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZ4

ER TO USE.





 





I have a field of about six acres

which has been in a rotation of corn,

oats, wheat and timothy and clover

for several years. Last year the seed-

ing with the wheat failed and this

year (1914) I planted to corn and po-

tatoes, using some barnyard manure

on it with good success. Where there

was no manure the crop was very

poor. Next year I will have enough

manure to nearly cover it, but am

very anxious to raise all I can 'on it

and would like to know what com-

mercial fertilizer I could use on it

successfully. This field is all high,

well drained, in fact, slopes from the

center in all directions. It has a heavy

clay subsoil and the surface runs

from heavy caly to sandy loam on one

side. I want to plant it next year to

potatoes, corn and garden stuff, pos.

sibly a couple of acres of cucumbers.



Kent Co. S. F. C.





From your description and history

of yOur field, I am confident that a

good general complete fertilizer would

be more practical thanxany special

brand. What this soil needs is some

available plant food containing the

three essential elements of fertility,

nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash.

Of course, organic matter is needed

and a dressing of stable manure would

bring good results. Stable manure

would improve the crop producing

power of the soil by furnishing organ-

ic matter and also a small amount of

the three essential elements of fer-

tility. Clover sod, or any sod, plowed

down, acts in the same way, but you

do not get results as quickly because

the nitrogen, phosphoric acid and pot-

ash in the clover sod is not as avail-

able as in the stable manure. Now, in

the fertilizer, these three essential ele-

ments are even more available than in

stable manure, but, of course, the fer-

tilizer does not furnish the organic

matter. There is where fertilizer falls

down. So to get the best results, fer-

tilizer should be used with stable ma-

nure and in connection with a rotation

of crops which supply sods and other

organic matter. From the history of

your field, I judge that your land can-

not be seriously deficient in vegetable

matter. You have grown grass in a

rotation of crops and this has fur-

nished vegetable matter. Now your

dressing with stable manure will fur-

niSh more vegetable matter but does

not furnish sufficient available plant

food to raise maximum crops and com-

mercial fertilizer enables you to sup-

ply this. I recommend that you use

a general complete fertilizer like 2:8:3

or 3:8:2 or 128:2 and from 300 to 500,

and on potatoes even as high as 800

pounds per acre. COLON C. LILLIE.





 





WINTER CARE OF AUTOMOBILES.





 





Where the automobile is to be laid

up over winter, as will be the case on

most farms, some attention should .be

given it for. best results. It should be





thoroughly »- washed and: 20118119‘! .Wiih,





 





some suitable preparation, so as to

preserve the varnish. It should then

be stored in some place away from

stables Where stOck is housed, and

covered with a canvas to exclude the

dust. The tires should preferably be

removed and stored in a dark place,“

preferably in the cellar, where the

rubber will deteriorate less than in a

warmer or.colder atmosphere. Dur«

ing the winter‘ season there will be

time to carefully examine the casings

and mend all small cuts with one of

the gum preparations manufactured

for that purpose. This is important,

and will add greatly to the service-

able life of the tires, as it will ex-

clude the moisture and preserve the

fabric of the tire, which deteriorates





rapidly when exposed to moisture.





This treatment also excludes the sand

which will work into small cuts, sep-

arating the rubber from the fabric,

thus rapidly ruining the tire. The

rims should be cleaned of rust and

painted with aluminum or other me-

talic paint. The car should prefer-

ably be supported by small sawhorses

made for the purpose.





COWPEAS IN WEST MICHIGAN.



The cowpea has always been looked

upon as a southern plant. Many Mich-

igan farmers have tried to raise them

for seed and have failed. Yet the

writer, who is located in Newaygo

county, has had great success with

cowpeas ,during the past season on

what is known as jack pine land,

which has always been looked on as

worthless by heavy soil farmers. This

particular tract of land has been in

cultivation for more than 40 years.

The crops grown were corn, rye,

beans, millet and buckwheat. There

never was any clover sown and very

little manure used on this place, the

rye seldom producing more than six

bushels per acre and beans two and

three bushels per acre.



The writer bought this place about

a year ago, and decided to try and

build the place up so as to produce

paying crops. Early in the fall part

of this place was plowed at the time

there was a fine crop of weeds on the

ground, such weeds as sand burrs,

milkweed, ragweed and golden rod.

The land that was plowed was sown

to rye. In the spring when the rye

was about 10 inches high it was plow-

ed under. About the fourth of June

one-third of an acre was sown to cow-

peas. They were planted 28 inches

apart in the rows, and were cultivated

twice and hoed once. The growth was

something wonderful. Side branches

of the stalks were as much as five

feet long. During the hottest and dry-

est spell of the summer they made

their best growth and had their best

color. From this one-third of an acre

of land 11 bushels of fine matured

seed was harvested. This experiment

attracted considerable attention among

the farmers in' this vicinity.



When the crop was harvested the

cowpeas were pulled by hand. Upon

the roots nodules were found that

were the size of marbles, which clear-

ly demonstrates the nitrogen gather-

ing propensity of the plant. Upon

this land rye was sown again, and one





can see where the cowpeas were, by ‘





the fine growth, as compared to where

beans were grown.



The growing of cowpeas should be

encouraged among all farmers on sand

land. The crop can be used in many

ways.

fine cow feed, while chickens seem to

relish the bean. The plant can be cut

and cured for hay, and has a great

feed value. As a green manure crop

cowpeas cannot be excelled, not even

by clover. This may be a broad state«

ment, yet anyone trying same will be

convinced, when farmers raise their

own cowpea seed, and plant them and

plow under, they will find out that it

is a cheap fertilizer and also one of

the best obtainable.





.: Newaygo ,Co. Lorne Brennan,





 





The grain, when ground, is a '





 





~_ A...-
~_ ‘-_-_-





_w~iwv .





 





is the last thing they think of.





 





 





DEC. 5. 1914.





Y reason for putting into writ-

ing my ideas in regard to

why help is hard to get and



keep on some farms, and suggesting

some remedies is, that possibly an ex-

pression of a hired man’s viewpoint

might bring about a better under-

standing between farm employer and

farm laborer.



One reason that employed men in

the cities do not more generally strike

out into the country to look for work

during the farmer’s busy months, is

that the general run of city laborers

do not know that there is such work

to be had. At least, they know so lit~

tle of farm conditions that farm-work

This

was my case. In the same way the

average farmer has little idea of the

way in which shops are run in the

cities.



It is to be much regretted, however,

that many city laborers who do know

or think that they know, something





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





The Farm Labor Problem.





By A HIRED MAN.





read in bed and the lamp be a poor

one. However, he is working for so

much and board and has to take it. In

the summer evenings the hired man

can sit under a tree and smoke, after

his evening work is done, and in the

winter he can crowd into a warm cor-

ner, if he can fine one, and read if he

wants to and the light be strong

enough, or go to bed.



I want to say something in particu-

lar in regard to the board part of the

hired man’s pay. If a man applies to

a farmer for work, the farmer has a

perfect right to ask such questions as,

“Can you milk?” “Can you plow?”

“Do You drink or smoke?” and “Where

did you work last?” Now, after the

employer has told the man how much

with board he will pay for such ser-

vices the man says he can render and

that he will give him a trial, hasn’t

the man the same right to turn around

and ask such questions as, “How of-

ten do you have beef?” “Are there





 





   





Two Tons of





about farm condition look upon farm

labor as a last resort. Their idea is

that they‘have to work about 15 hours

for little pay and that the board is

very slim. The worst labor conditions

that exist on farms, rather than the

best, are the ones that become known,

but we must admit that where there

is much smoke there must be some

fire.



If a job on a farm were as good as

one in town, then the farmer could

get help when he wants it, and par-

ticularly young men raised in the

country would not drift to the cities,

but would make farming their life

work.



City vs. Farm Work.



A man working in a shop works a

certain number of hours a day, gener-

ally from eight to ten, at a certain

rate per hour, and gets paid a little

above his regular rate for overtime

work. He works under one boss. If

unmarried he boards where he pleas-

es, within his means. If his room and

his meals do not suit him he can say

so and get out. True, his expenses

are greater but he has the fun of

handling more money, and can get

out evenings and Sundays.



Besides doing .a day’s work on a

farm, the hired man is supposed to

work for an hour before breakfast, us-

‘ually has something to do at noon, and

has some more to do after supper and

on Sundays. The hired man sometimes

has two or more bosses. Except when

the master of the farm is away, his

wife should not boss the hired man.

If one boss can handle a hundred or

more men in a shop, one should be

enough to handle the hired man.





[Living Conditions for the Hired Man.





The board on a farm might be ex-

cellent, but it might not agree at all

With the particular hired man who

happens to work there. His room may

be close in summer and cold in win-

ter. He may like a hard bed and have

to sleep in asoft one. He may like to





 





Sweet Clover Hay per Acre Three Months After Seeding.





 





two windows to my room, or is there

any heat in it?” “Is the bed hard?”

“Do I get a good lamp?”



Comparative Compensation.



Just what does a hired man get

compared with the compensation of a

workman of comparative skill in the

city? Compare a green hired man,

who cannot milk very well, with an

unskilled city laborer. If the hired

man gets $20 a month and board, sup-

posed to be worth $6.00 per week,

then for a full year he gets the equiv-

alent of $552. Reduced again into

weekly pay gives him $10.61 a week

for working from 12 to 15 hours a day

for six'days, and two or three on Sun-

day. Cit'y laborers can get from $1.75

to $2.00 a day, or $10.50 to $12 per

week for working 10 hours a day for

six days. They board where they

choose. I think that the above figures

cover the average pay for city labor.

Then does the average hired man get

the same board that would be set up

to a boarder at $6.00 a week? A less

valuation of the board brings down

his total pay for the week, or if the

board is worth more than $6.00 to the

man, then his week’s pay is higher ac-

cordingly. Of course, a more experi-

enced hired man gets more money

per month and a more skilled me-

chanic gets more per hour.



The Permanence. of Employment.



Another condition is that only a few

farmers employ help the full year.

During the slack months the man must

look elsewhere for work. If his home

1s in the neighborhood he can pick up

some day work now and then.



It is a good idea, where possible, to

make provision for married help, as

then the man has a family and some

property under his wing and is more

inclined to stay in one place. How-

ever, married men shift around more

than they would if they found condi-

tions more pleasant. By the time they

run back and forth to do the morning,

noon and evening chores, sometimes





they do not have much time to spend

with their families. Instead of paying

this class of help so much a month

with house, so much milk a day, pota-

toes, a hog, firewood, apples and any-

thing else that is for sale, why not

pay what the man is worth, with a

proper deduction for the use of the

h0use, and let 'him eat, burn, and “buy

what and where he pleases? He would

feel more independent and so would

his wife.

The Solution of the Problem.



The only solution that I can see is

to try to make it as pleasant and

agreeable as possible for the hired

help and pay for services rendered. If

the farm will not support a hired man

at a reasonable figure, then either the

farm does not need a hired man or

the management is not the best.



Of course, the hired man gets more

pay than he used to and does not have

to wait until November to get it, but

so do all classes of workers get better

pay than they used to get. All stan-

dards of living are higher, or at least

different.



The farms where the help is be-

grudged the best that. the family has

are few, and I have not intended my

illustrations to be personal or to show

ill feeling on my part as a hired man

toward the farmer as an employer,

but as stated above, simply as a

means of expressing my ideas of some

reasons why help is hard to get and

keep, on some farms, in the hope that

such an expression may help toward

a mutual understanding between, and

benefit to, both the farm employer and

farm laborer. I like the country and

hope to be an employer of farm labor

myself some day.





SUCCESS WITH SWEET CLOVER

IN NEWAYGO COUNTY.





 





Following in the trail of the popu-

lar legume, alfalfa, and proving itself

as adaptable and as useful, comes the

one-time weed, sweet clover, Melilotus

alba, and sometimes known as Bokara

clover and Melilotus. This member of

the large legume family is proving it-

self as popular and useful in Newaygo

county as many of its cousins. Sev-

eral localities in this county are try-

ing out the plant and having success

in growing it. One of the most suc-





cessful attempts at growing this plant

was on the farm of Daniel Rousch.

Mr. Rousch had an acre of land lying

adjacent to his barnyard that had al-

unproductive





ways been a rather





 

 





3—491





goes by Mr. Rousths’, knew that sweet

clover was being cut, for the odor

literally filled the air. A week from

the time the hay was cut the new

plants had started a good growth and

there were turned upon the piece four

hogs and eight small pigs. These ani-

mals were net able to keep the sweet

clover down, so seven head of cattle

were turned on and fed there for 14

days. The pigs have been on ever

since, getting a good living until cold

weather drove them in. The sweet

clover thrived Well all through Sep-

tember, which was very dry, and when

the hogs were taken off went into the

winter ingood shape, giving assur-

ance of good feed for next year. Mr.

Rousch has planted two more acres.

The Dull Brothers, large farmers

northeast of Fremont, have also plant-

ed a like amount.

Newaygo Co. K. K. VINING.

A PROTEST AGAINST THE HUNT-

ING NUISANCE.





 





\‘i'hy should the state or any county

issue licenses to hunters to hunt on

private property? It is about time

that our Legislature was enacting

laws for the safety of human lives,

and for the protection of farm prop-

erty in this state. At this time of the

year you cannot pick up a paper with-

out reading of someone who has been

accidentally killed while hunting.

While that is not the only menace

connected with the reckless way of

hunting, it ought to be enough to set

the people thinking that better laws

for the control of hunters should be

enacted. '



The hunters that roam in the state

are doing more damage than anyone

is actually aware of. It 1 getting so

bad that the farmer is not safe to go

into the stock business, for if one has

a wild woodland pasture for his stock

it is not safe to run them there, nor

is he safe in going there himself to

look after them when he hears shoot-

ing and dogs barking there. Besides,

the hunters go equipped with wire

pincers to cut woven wire fences, to

admit themselves and their dogs. If

the owner of the property chances to

run across them, and makes objec-

tions they only laugh at him.



We have a farm and keep consider-

able stock, such as cattle, sheep and

horses, colts, etc, and from time to

time have had some of it shot or dam-

aged by dogs, till it was practically

worthless. It does seem as though





 





 





Pigs Pasturing on Sweet Clover on the Farm of Daniel Rousch, Newaygo Co.





piece of soil, no plants doing weg up-

on it. At the suggestion of County

Farm Agent H. B. Blandford, Mr.

Rousch decided to try some sweet clo-

ver. The piece of land was top-dress-

ed lightly with barnyard manure and

thoroughly fitted for seeding. Twenty

pounds of seed, thoroughly inoculated

with a pure culture, was sown on the

fifteenth day of last April. The plants

came up at once and thrived finely

and on the fifteenth of July, three

months from the day the piece was

sown, 4,025 pounds of good hay were

cut from the pieceand people passing

the field, and the travel is heavy there

as one of Newaygo’s blue-stone roads





laws could be enacted and enforced

to stop that kind of practice. And

now, with the ‘foot-and—mouth disease

prevalent here and there throughout

the state, hunters should not be allow-

ed to run from farm to farm, with

dogs, carrying germs around and

thereby spreading the disease to all

parts of the state. Hunters should

have a permit from the owners of the

land where they wish to hunt, and

hunting with dogs should be entirely

probihited, in any country where stock

is raised. It would be a good thing if

the dog tax was doubled or trebled

and the law properly enforced.

Gratiot Co. Crass. KERR.
492—4





mm “1





Education vs. Experience for Farm Boys.





 





ANY articles are being pub.



lished in the papers and mag-



azines knocking the college

trained farmer and in most cases

these articles are written by men who

are either prejudiced or misinformed.

The educated farmer has come to

stay, and the sooner the doubters ap-

preciate that he is most necessary to

the growth and uplift of agricultural

pursuits, the sooner farmers in gen-

eral will derive the maximum benefit

from him.



Of course, I do not mean to say that

all educated farmers are college men;

far from it, because many of our most

educated farmers never attended col-

lege a minute. But just because some

of our most successful and prominent

farmers are college men is no cause

for the antagonistic feeling which so

many show. It seems like a plain case

of “sour grapes” on the part of some.



Many fathers are debating the ad-

visability of sending their boys to the

agricultural college and the chief rea-

son for there being any question in

their minds as to the wisdom of this

course is the attitude of the misin-

formed toward the college-trained

farmer. Of course, a college cannot

make a wise man out of a fool and

we will have to admit that an “edu-

cated fool,” as some are called, is per-

haps worse than a common one. But

the average man, made of the right

kind of stuff, and brought up in the

right way, is benefited by a college

course and the fact that he is bene-

fited makes him a benefit to the com-

munity in which he lives.



The Factors of Success.



The reason why some of our fathers

were successful in accumulating a

competence lies in the fact that they

acquired land which did not cost them

much. Land was cheap and labor was

cheap and the prices were good. But

land has raised in value, labor has

more than doubled in price, and taxes



,. have begun to cut into the profits so

that now a farmer has to raise more

to the acre or cut down the cost of

production in order to come out even.

Intensive farming has taken the place

of extensive farming. Close settle-

ment has brought in many pests and

plagues which infest our stock and de-

stroy our crops. The farmer must

know how to combat these enemies of

the farm and he must know immedi-

ately. The symptoms and history of

these pests and diseases must be stud-

ied in order that they will be recog—

nized and attended to at once. in the

colleges there are men who have spent

their whole lives studying these same

questions so that they are able to give

expert advice on these subjects.



Now, land will raise good crops for

several years, no matter what system

of farming is carried out. But when

all is taken off the farm and nothing

put back the farm soon “runs out,’ as

people express it. The study of soil

fertility and crop rotation and the

practice of these important principles

are necessary to keep the farm in the

best condition, the study of fertilizers

and their effects on the different kinds

of soil, the right.) amount to apply and

the right kind to use, cannot but aid

the young farmer in making the best

use of his opportunities.



In our congested cities the most

rigid sanitary principles must be ap-

plied. and this application reaches out

to the farmer, particularly the dairy-

man, who must understand sanitation

and know its value in order that he

may produce a sanitary product. He

should study the bacterialogical prin-

ciples of sanitation so that he can

realize its great importance. How

many epidemics and disastrous dis-

eases are caused by some ignorant or

careless dairyman.



All these and many more valuable

things are taught by the agricultural

college. They teach the reasons for

them and the results obtained by the

different methods. They give you the





experience of the best men of all ages

in all lines of the work. It has taken

many years of study and experiment-

ing to establish some of these princi-

ples and a working knowledge of them

is of great importance to every farmer.

The Broadening Process.



These are a few examples of what

the practical agricultural colleges teach

their students. Not only does the col-

lege course afford a broad practical

education, but it branches out from

the practical side enough to teach the

nature and intellect by including sub-

jects that may not be essentially prac-

tical,- but a study of which will train

the mind so that it can grasp situa-

tions more quickly than can the un-

trained mind. No man can be educat-

ed so highly that he will be prepared

to meet all the emergencies that will

arise in his life, but he can be trained

so that he will go at the solution of





his special problems in a systematic

manner and in this way work them





out better than he would without the

training. New problems arise every

day so that it takes common sense,

judgment and decision to meet them

in the most efficient manner.

Practical Experience is Necessary.

Of course, some say that the college

does not give enough practical expe-

rience and this, in a large measure, is

true. The classes are too large and

the time and the number of teachers

and instructors are too limited to give

as much practical experience as a

person really needs. Thus it is that

the student must get his experience

somewhere else. The college gives

the theories, the training and the un-

derlying principles which govern farm-

ing, but the experience must be gotten





either at home or by working on a,





farm. A man who knows nothing

about a farm cannot take an agricul-

tural course and come out a practical

farmer unless he has put in some time

on a farm in the meantine. Many

have been foolish enough to try that

very thing and in the great majOrity

of cases they have found out their

mistake.



The time has come when the farmer

should have both sides of farming,

namely, the practical experience ob-

tained On a practical farm, and by real

work, and the theoretical principles,

obtained only by study, in order that

he may make the 'best use of his time

and investment. Both are essential

for the best results and one is as nec-

essary as the other. A man must

know how to do things and also why

he does them. If he does not under-

stand why he does a certain thing a

certain way, he will not realize the

significance of doing it that way and

so if there is any extra work attached

to that particular way of doing a thing

he is liable to either slight it or do it

another way. You can tell a person

the proper way to do a thing but he

must clearly understand the reason

before he is thoroughly convinCed that

you are right.



The agricultural colleges and the ex-

periment stations are a great asset to

the farmers of the country. They test

out all the new theories and prove

their usefulness before they recom-

mend them to the farmers. A farmer

cannot afford to expend much time

and money to experiment for himself

but he does not have to, for the col-

lege and station does that for him,

making the results freely available to

all who are interested. They also

turn out experts along all lines of ag-

riculture who' go back to the farms

and use their influence and knowledge

for the betterment of the community.



“Boys will be Boys."



Many criticize the things which col-

lege students do, but boys must have

just so much fun and the things that





boys do in cglle‘gqanathe things that.





your own‘ boysi'ar'é'doing right at

home, only you don’t know it. It does

a boy good to get away from home,

where he is usually pampered to some





5





THE MICHIGAN FAR‘MER'





slight degree, where he has to stand

on his own feet and is measured by

his real worth, usually for the first

time in his life. If he is the right

kind he will be benefited by the ex-

perience. If he is not the right kind

he will be shown his mistakes so for-

cibly that he will be likely to profit by

the experience.



Genesee Co. L.-S. BRUMM.





LILLIE FARMSTEAD NOTES.





 





This sudden cold snap has nearly

paralyzed business at the farm. It

was so sudden and unexpected, and

so severe, that one could hardly gath-

er things together and take care of

them. The storm was a regular bliz-

zard part of ‘the time, the fierce wind

seemed to sap the very life out of

animals. Our young stock and sheep

Were all in the back pastures. We

were a little slow in getting them be-

cause I thought the storm and cold

would only last for a day or so. Be-

sides, we were trying to get our sugar

beets all hauled to the cars without

any charge for demurrage, and we

did. If we stopped hauling even with

one team to get the cattle, then the

whole gang was thrown out of unison.

We got the beets hauled and the next

morning went after the cattle and

sheep.

snow blowing, we men were all bun-

dled up with overcoats on, and every-

thing was so wild and strange the

heifers became frightened and, do our

best, we could not coax or drive them

from the pasture field. Simply had to

give them up for that day. The fol-

lowing day the men took a team and

sleigh with them. The heifers were

not afraid of the horses and they had

little difficulty in getting them. They

had had nothing to eat and they were

becoming more reconciled to abnor-

mal conditions, anyway. I was glad

to get them all in out of the storm.

The incident reminded me of condi—

tions in the northwest that I have

read about sometimes. Just such cen-

ditions I never saw before, and hope

to never see again.



But we are lucky, and have many

things to be thankful for after all. All

the crops were harvested and properly

cared for before this storm, even to

sugar beets, and many years we have

not had our beets taken care of so

early as this. The tops are out under

the snow, but the snow has protected

them so that they are frozen but little

and we are feeding them directly from

the field. This morning, November

23, it looks as if the storm is over,

nature again smiles serenely and we

are planning to draw the tops and put

them in the silo. There is a fine lot

of them and they are in good condi-

tion. If corn silage is worth $3.50 per

ton then I believe these beet tops are

worth $10 per acre for cow feed.



We were plowing when the cars

came for the sugar beets only a half-

day before the blizzard, and our plows

are out, frozen in the furrow. Even

the big gang engine plow is in the

field. Undoubtedly we can not use

this again this fall, but I am in hopes

that the weather will change so we

can do some more plowing with the

horses.



With the exception of the plows the

tools are all stored for the winter and

with some minor repairs which will

take but little time, the stock will be

all comfortable in their winter quaro

ters.



One job, however, is not yet com-

pleted, and that is threshing. We

have considerable wheat yet to thresh.

This job has been put ofi with the

idea that we could do that when we

could not harvest beets, potatoes, etc.,

and so we can. If the storm is over

and the weather moderates We will

try and do the balance of the thresh-

ing in- a few days. V I





,Looking back over the season, and .





comparing it” with other seasons, it

makes a favorable showing. ~‘ In»; fact.

this has been the best season we have

experienced for several years.





The ,wind was howling, the ‘





DEC. 5, '1914.‘





WILL , IT . m: A“ HEER .

on JUST “AN ENGINE”.





 





Copyright 1912. The Hoax- Engine 00.

PERFECT BALANCE





10 H. P. running 600 RPM on an empty barrel.

N o Fastenings





BEER ENGINES





STATIONARY PORTABLE TRACTION





Simple. sturdy, strong. saving, steady- owered



engines that give electric motor service atphalf the



cost. Built on the two-cylinder opposed principle



in heavy duty types for hard work and lots of it.

Write for Ontolog.





THE HEER ENGINE COMPANY

PORTSMOUTH. [612 B St..OI‘IIO. U.S.A.





 





 

 





 

 





Bull



Once 92!!

Eliminate all chances of blow-downs. do-

cay and destruction by fire. Do away

with painting. adjustments and repairs.





_ Build for permanency. or in other words.

build economically. Plan now to erect a





NATCO

IMPERISHABLE SILO





" The Silo That Lasts for Generations"

Made of vitrified hollow clay tile which will on-

dure forever, and reinforced by steel bands held

in the mortar between each tier of tile. It is

windproof, decayprooi', verminproof and fire-

proof. The Natco is the best silage prescrver

known. for the vitrified hollow clay tile are

impervious to air and moisture.nnd prevent

freezing. Write to nearest branch for list



of owners in your State and for catalog A





onal Fire Proofing Company

Organized 1889 Pitubuull. Po.





Syracuse,N.Y. Bloomington.Ill. Mndinon,W.is.

Huntington.lnd. Philadelphin,Pn. Lsminz.Mich.





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 





 





Natl





 





RUN THIS ENGINE

for 50 DAYS FREE





Detroit Kerosene and Gasoline engine

sent YOU oin THIRTY DAYS FREE

TRIAL; guaranteed TEN years. Eco-

nomical horse power at lowest prices;

farmer' agents wanted everywhere. Engine

operates on gasoline. kerosene, alcohol. dis-

tillate or naptha. Saws

wood. grinds feed, chums.

pumps. separates, makes ,.

light any job around the ,1 1‘





no cams, gears, sprock-

ets. etc. Send for





"COMMON SENSE

POWER BOOK.” .

DdtoitanciuWorh.

. 104 Concord Avon L

Detroit. Mich.





 





 

 

 

 





That’s what {on can

do wi h





TllE IIIELIIIII woon

SAWING MACHINE





Table mounted on roovod rolls. Saw above center

so it out. down and n—not against 0 orator. Lo



moved coolly—almost self feedinz. a week a

work in a day. Pays big dividends. Write for printed

matter—also on our Dr Bow Incline. Bur and Shingle

Inn. and limb. Unoqua ed values on Canvas Be ting.





Ireland Machined Fouling 69.. 33 Stat Sl.,llorwlcil,ll.¥.





 

 





 

 

 

 





; ' won nin.‘ mm. mm m stun.





"aegis-tr: ~





 





   





PUMP GRIND SAW {33:62: .





 





 





m ..-..n_n
DEC. 5,1914.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





5—493





Balancing ACcounts with Dairy Cows.





By WILL FORBES, in Charge of the Government Demonstration held at the National Dairy Show.





00D morning, John. This is

G certainly another fine day.”

“You bet it is. Say, Bill,

where have you been the last three or

four days?”



“Well, sir, I thought I needed a lit-

tle vacation,s so I took a couple of

days off and went down to the Dairy

Show at Chicago and I am here to tell

you it is worth a week of any man’s

time. Why, John, I would not take a

hundred dollars for all I' saw and

learned in those two days.”



“Well, I reckon they did have a

pretty smart show; but I have been

so durned busy I just couldn’t get

away. I am going to try and get away

next year if the crops are good.”



“It will pay you to do it, John. I

am going to go back next year and I

am going to take the boys along.”



“Well, I don’t know, Bill. We folks

are thinkin’ about quitting the cow

business and I don’t believe there is

much money in it, anyway. Then there

is another thing that I don’t take

much stock in, either, and that is this

hollering about us folks keeping and

milking ‘boarder’ cows. Nope, I don’t

believe there is such a thing as these

‘boarder’ or ‘robber’ COWS that we

hear so much talk about these days.

You know, I read a piece in one of the

farm papers the_ other day that said

there was one cow in every four that

was not paying for her board and I

don’t believe it. Why, some of those

fellows think that we farmers must be

a set of fools to keep cows that do not

pay for what they eat. Eh?”



“Well, I tell you, John, I used to

think and talk like that; but last

week, after looking at all the machin-

ery exhibits, I wandered up on the

second floor and there in one wing of

the building was what they called the

Government Demonstration Herd. It

was just a common herd of nine cows,

all grades; some looked good, some

appeared to be extra good cows—

about as good as any I have ever seen

——and some looked rather common—





something like those two cows that

you bought over at Jensen’s sale last

winter. They were having some speak-

ing going on, so I just took a seat and

listened to what was being said. The

fellow was telling about the herd. He

said that the cows were picked up and

brought to Chicago to show the value

of record-keeping. They weighed and

tested the milk every day, kept ac:

count of the feed each cow ate, and

so they knew whether the cow was

paying for what she ate and also what

it cost to make a pound of butter-fat.

Butter-fat was figured at thirty-two

cents a pound—just about what we

were getting for it over at the cream-

ery at that time. I asked him what

they were feeding and what they fig-

ured the feed at. He said the ration

was made up of three pounds of

ground corn, one pound of ground oats

and one pound of bran. The corn was

figured at sixty cents a bushel, cats

at forty-five cents, and bran at $25 per

ton; mixed hay at $12 and alfalfa at

$18, so you see they used just farm

grains and average farm prices. He

pointed out one cow in the line that

was making butter-fat at fourteen

cents a pound and another that was

charged eighty-one cents a pound, and

I remember that one cow made a prof-

it of twenty-one or twenty-three cents

that day above feed, while the other

cow lost eleven cents a day, and do

you know, John, I believe there are

farmers right here in our own neigho

borhood that are milking cows poorer

than that cow that was losing eleven

cents a day there at the government

demonstration herd. Another cow in

the herd returned $2.35 that day for

every dollar’s worth of feed she ate—

in other words, instead of hauling your

hay to town for $18 a ton that cow

made it into butter and paid nearly

$45 a ton for it. Corn worth sixty

cents a bushel, she paid $1.40 a bushel

for, and then you had the manure left

to boot. Now, that was a new way of

looking at it and I can’t see Why we





farmers can. not make money at the

dairy business and I believe we can if

we put a little more brains and not so

much muscle and late hours into it. I

kind of thought that maybe he got

those poor cows out of the stock

yards, so I asked him about it. He

said no; they were all bought direct

from farmers and that they had all

freshened within the last four weeks;

that all had had three calves except

one, and so you see no cow had the

advantage over the rest. ‘Calamity,’

that was the name of the cow that

was making the poorest returns. The

day that I was up there she re-

turned forty-one cents for each dol-

lar’s worth of feed she ate. Now, you

see that owning a cow like that would

never pay. She was a Shorthorn grade

and freshened September 26. She gave,

her best day,‘ 8.4 pounds of milk, test-

ing about three and one-half to four

per cent. She was that cow that I told

you lost eleven cents a day. There

was another brindle cow, a Guernsey-

Jersey cross that was about as poor.

Then there was another cow that

looked awfully good to me that they

called ‘Seldom.’ She was a big, fine-

looking Shorthorn and was milking

about five gallons a day. I noticed

that the cost of her feed ran pretty

high, so she didn’t make as much ac-

tual profit as some of the others. You

know, after visiting the Dairy Show, I

do not think so much of this ‘dual

purpose’ idea as I did before. I be-

lieve if we are going to milk cows we

will have to get a dairy breed or quit

the business. As one fellow said, “We

can’t hunt chickens with a bull dog.”

One Holstein grade made as high as

twenty-nine cents above cost of feed

in one day. What struck me was the

fact that a fellow milking that bunch

of cows was making about a $1.00 to

a $1.10 above the cost of feed each

day, while, if he had sold four of them,

two of which were kept at a loss and

two at a very small profit, he would

have been making about $1.25 a day





 





and he would only have had about

half the work, and that is what we

will have to do, John—keep records

on our cows and do away with the

‘boarders.’ I know I have got some

and so have you. I am going to buy

a pair of scales, which they say will

cost about $2.50, and then send to the

Agricultural College or the govern-

ment, and get some daily milk sheets

and start to keeping a daily record of

the amount of milk that each cow

gives. I will have the milk tested

once a month at our creamery and it

will not be long until I will know just

where I am at. I am going to quit

this guessing and go to testing.”



“Well, I reckon maybe you are right,

Bill. I believe I will have to try to

get down to the Dairy Show next year.

Say, when you order those scales, get

a set for me, too, and also a few extra

daily milk sheets. Do you happen to

know where I can get the figures on

those cows that you were telling me

about?”



“Yes; they said anyone wanting a

complete report of the ten days’ work

of the herd could get it by writing

the Dairy Division of the U. S. Depart-

ment of Agriculture.” .



“\Yell, let us know when those

scales and milk sheets come.”





 





In your issue of November 14 we

notice an article entitled, “Some Sug-

gestions About. the Model Cow Stall,”

by H. A. Branch.



Near the close of the article the

following advice was given: “Use

from two and a half to three measures

of sand to one of cement.” We feel

that your readers’ attention should be

called to the fact that there is no rea-

son for using a mixture richer than

1:2:3 in making concrete for floors.

To use a mixture of 1:214» or 1:3 is

simply wasting money, on account of

the workmens’ ignorance of the prin-

ciples underlying correct proportion-

ing of concrete, which are designed to

secure maximum strength—K.





Vi {,ffisissfdwr

g: 9:,





" $3312.“.





, was.race@ ...,.-.,,.... .. .





 





The Government Demonstration Herd at the National Dairy Show—Used to Illustrate the Variation in Profit or Loss from Average Dairy Cows.
494—6





APPLES FOR COWS.





 





I was interested in the reply to J.

S. in a recent. issue of the Michigan

Farmer on the advisability of feeding

potatoes and apples to milch cows. I

have always fed apples to cows, and

always with good results. They are

certainly worth more to feed to cows

than to make into cider. In chemical

composition apples are equal to roots,

one of the favorite cattle feeds in Eng-

land. They have more dry matter

than mangels, and over twice as much

heating matter, but not so much pro-

tein, and only one—third as much nitro-

genous matter. So far as chemistry

goes, apples are worth as much for

feed as roots, and nearly as much as

corn silage.



Apple pomace has been put into sil-

os to keep, and even fed to cows with

beneficial results.



Prof. Sanborn says: “We find that

100 lbs. of apples gave 16.11 lbs. of

digestible matter, being about twice

as rich as the root crops, and yet a

green food, and having the functions

of green foods. Fodder corn gives but

12.85 lbs. Thus apples are richer than

fodder corn, and are raised, as I be-

lieve, with less labor.”



At the Canadian experiment station

apples were thoroughly tried and

found to be worth $2.40 per ton when

fed to cows; turnips and silage being

worth $2.00 per ton. The apples caus-

ed a gain of 23 lbs. of milk from each

cow in 14 days.



Another authority says: Apples

make good feed for cows if fed in

small quantities at first, and gradually

increased up to half a bushel at a

feed, without injury.”



I have proved the value of apples as

food for cows by actual experiment.





About four quarts were given to each .





cow for the first few feeds, until they

became accustomed to them, and then

the quantity was gradually increased

to a heaping peck, fed twice a day.

Previous to commencing the apple

feeding, the cows had been receiving

(a four-quart ration of corn and rye

meal, then selling at $1.80 per 100 lbs.

With 0ne~half the meal taken away,

and a peck of apples substituted in its

place, there was no falling off in the

quantity of milk produced, nor in the

quantity of cream it contained, as

measured by the Cooley cans. The

ration of meal was worth 71/2 cents.

One-half saved by feeding a peck of

apples, was 31%.”, cents, making a bush-

el of apples worth 15 cents when fed

to cows.



At the Vermont station, four years

in feeding apple pomace to 20 cows

proved: “That it was nearly equiv-

alent in feeding value to corn silage,”

and “cows continuously, and heartily

fed have not shrunk, but on the con-

trary have kept up their milk flow re-

markably well. Fifteen pounds of po-

mace per cow have been fed daily

with entire satisfaction.”



Pennsylvania. J. W. INUIIAM.





WHAT PROPORTION TO MIX BEET

TOPS AND CORN FODDER

IN SILO.





 





I have just completed a silo and

would like to know how many tons of

sugar beet tops you would put with

the corn into a silo ten feet in diam-

eter and 33 feet high? The corn-

stalks are getting pretty dry and I

shall add water to them when filling

the silo. I was told that you put

sugar beet tops into your silo, but do

not know how many or just 110w you





dialltegan Co. Dr. E. E. B.



As sugar beet tops contain a large

amount of moisture I do not think it

will be necessary to add water to the

cornstalks if they are properly mixed.

We have filled in this way and had

satisfactory results when we mixed a

load of beet tops for every half load

of cornstalks. Of course, this is rath-

er indefinite because there is so much

difference in loads. The beet tops

were hauled in the same wagon boxes

we used for hauling beets and they

would hold 3,000 to 3,500 pounds of





beets.





 





THE MICHIGAN- FAKMER





Two of such loads of tops mix-

ed with an ordinary load of corn fod-

der gave sufficient moisture so that

the corn fodder kept nicely in the silo.

If beet tops are somewhat fresh and

ensiloed, alone, there is an excess of

moisture.





 





SPLENDID FOODS FOR A RATION.





 





I wish someone who understands

feeding milch cows would answer the

following questions: I have cornstalks

with nubbins on, clover hay, oat chop,

and brewery grains. What will I need

to balance my ration? Will cotton‘

seed meal and linseed meal do, if so,

how much will I feed and what rule

will I go by?



Wayne Co. W. S.



With two good protein foods, clover

hay in the roughage, and dried brew-

ers’ grains in the concentrates, no

other feed is necessary to balanCe a.

ration for dairy cows. All the ration

lacks to make it first-class in every

particular is some succulent food, as

corn silage, beets or turnips, etc., even

potatoes or apples, or apple pomace,

will help out. You can get along with-

out any succulent feed and get fair

results.



The best rule for feeding roughage

is to feed all the cows will eat every

day without waste. Feed clover hay

once a day and corn fodder once a

day. I take it this is corn fodder and

not cornstalks.



Oats are pretty high priced now,

and possibly it will pay better to use

some corn meal and bran in place of

the cats or for part of the oats. If

you feed oats, mix them two parts

oats, one part dried brewers’ grain. If

you feed corn meal, bran and dried

brewers’ grain, mix them equal parts

by weight. Feed a pound of grain for

every three to four pounds of milk the

cow gives, or feed a pound of grain

per day for every pound of butter-fat

produced in a week.





MOST ECONOMICAL GRAIN RA-

TION.





 





Please advise as to most economical





grain ration to feed with corn silage,





and mixed hay, mostly clover, to dairy

cows, using any of the following feeds

at prices quoted: Oats, ground $34

per ton; corn, ground $33 per ton;

coarse oats middlings $18 per ton;

bran $23 per ton; buckwheat mid-

dlings, coarse, mostly hulls, $10 per

ton; buckwheat middlings $35 per ton;

oil meal $34 per ton; cottonseed meal

$32 per ton; gluten meal $33 per ton;

unicorn feed $35 per ton; pea meal

$35 per ton.



\Vayne Co. L. D. H.



Feed all the corn silage the cows

will eat up clean twice daily, morning

and evening. Also all the hay they

will eat without waste. For a grain

ration from the feeding stuffs named

and priced, I would recommend the

following ration:



Corn meal, wheat bran and gluten

feed mixed in the proportion of 100

pounds of corn meal, 200 pounds of

wheat bran and 100 pounds of gluten

feed. Then feed each cow as many

pounds daily of the mixed grain as

she produces pounds of butter-fat in a

week. For example, if a cow produces

eight pounds of butter-fat in a week,

then feed her eight pounds of this

grain mixture a day in two feeds, four

pounds night and morning. If you

are selling milk and do not test for

butter-fat, then feed one pound of the

grain mixture for every three pounds

of milk the cow gives, if a heavy milk-

er, and one pound of grain. for every

four pounds of milk if the cow gives

very rich milk.





ENSILOING DRY CORN FODDER.





 





I have about seven acres of corn

fodder which I intended to use as a

dry feed as I am some short of hay.

I have some straw and clover chaff,

possibly three loads of the chaff. I

have plenty of silage for this winter

but I am told that the fodder will spoil

or mold, to cut it with the silage cuts

ter unless I would wait until real cold

freezing weather. I have no place to

put it except my empty silo. I was

also told by one man that he Would

let a stream of water run in, the size

of a lead, pencil and it would make





good silage. Would the clover chaff

be plenty .for. the. dry feed with the

oat straw, and use the corn fodder

put in the silo, as suggested, as silage

be all right? Then I could save the

corn silage for the cows when pasture

is short next summer. —J. ..B





If you ensilo dry corn fodder yOu

must wet thoroughly while filling or

it will all. spoil. A stream of water as

large as a lead pencil is not suflicient

for dry stalks. You need as much wa-

ter as will flow through a half-inch

pipe or hose. When the corn is only

a little dry the small stream is need-

ed. It will pay you to put your stalks

in the silo. It is the only way to get

anywhere near the full feeding value.

If fed dry, nearly one-half of them will

be wasted. >



You can get along with clover chaff

and oat straw for roughage if you

feed liberally of grain. But, even

then you haven’t good rations. There

should be one good feed of hay each

day for best results. At the present

price of hay I.think it will pay you to

buy some clover hay, because it will

not be .necessary to feed so much

grain. However, with a liberal ration

of grain you can get along fairly well

without hay.





GRAIN RATION TO FEED WITH

CORN SILAGE AND BEAN

STRAW.





 





Will you please suggest a grain ra-

tion to feed to the cows, and also

some last spring calves, for this win-

ter? Am lost as to knowing how to

feed this winter on account of not

having any oats. The army worm al-

most cleaned us up on oats and bar-

ley. I have been feeding the COWS

since corn matured enough to feed,

but with unsatisfactory results. For

roughage I have at present corn fod‘

der which was left over from silo fill-

ing, and When that is gone I will use

silage. I also feed corn fodder and

oat straw night and morning, and

bean straw for noon. For grain I us-

ually feed ground oats and cottonseed

meal. But as I have no oats I must

substitute something else. Have cot-

tonseed meal at $31.50 per ton and

can get gluten feed at $30, and wheat

bran at $30. Corn meal is not quoted

at present. Will you advise me as to

quantities and kinds of feed for cows

and calves to get results?



Huron Co. ‘ H. S. T.





Bean straw alone for dry roughage

does not furnish variety enough for

cows to do their best. You should

have one feed a day of hay, good clo-

ver is best. At the price of hay now

it would pay you to buy hay. You

will not have to feed so much grain

to get the same results.



With your present roughage I would

recommend cottonseed meal and bran.

Feed two pounds of cottonseed meal

to each cow per day, one pound night

and morning, putting it on the en-

silage. Feed bran for the rest of the

ration. If you have good dairy cows

it will pay to feed one pound of grain

per day for every pound of butter-fat

produced in a week, or one pound of

grain for every four pounds of milk

for low testing cows, and one pound

of grain for every three pounds of

milk for cows that test 4.5 to 5 per

ceht butter-fat.

~ I would. not feed the calves any cot-

tonseed meal. They will do better on

clear bran or bran and corn meal mix-

ed, two parts bran and one part corn

meal. They ought to have enough

grain to keep them growing nicely.





Keep and use only a pure-bred bull.

Upon this depends the upkeep and im-

provement of the herd. There is little

difference in the cost of raising calves

of superior and inferior breeding, but

there is a great difference in the prof-

its obtainable from superior and in-

ferior cattle.

debt for a good bull.





For warts on‘cattle or goats cut a

slit into the wart and fill slit vvith

pulverized blue vitriol. This his. safe

and efficient remedy. ' '





See our low clubbing offers on page





518did saveflre price of 1eth Michigan





Fauna for 3 years.





If necessary, go into





DEC. 5, 1914.





Yearly Milk Pail





Many cows are really capable of a

greatly increased milk yield but do

not do their best through a chronic

sluggishness of the digestive organs.

Such cows need a medicine—just as

human beings occasionally need

medicines.



KOW—KURE is a scientific cow

medicine, which has a direct and

lasting tonic effect on the organs of -‘

digestion. For over twenty years it

has been the standard medicine for

the prevention and treatment of such

common cow ailments as Abortion, ;‘:.

Retained Afterbirth,Barrenness,Milk “5:1

Fever, Scouring, and Lost Appetite. :35



You cannot afford to let a cow get

down in health. Better keep Kow- 1':

KURE constantly on hand. Sold by "

feed dealers and druggists, in 50c and :‘f:

$1.00 packages.





Our valuable treatise on cow diseases— ,3.

“The Cow Doctor” is yours for the asking.

.- Dairy Association Co.,

:2:{ Lyndonville. Vt.





 





‘11 lll‘





”gush!“





This tractor 15 different from the

round wheel kind—it can’t pack

the soil The long, wide track dis.

tributes the weight—less pressure

per sq in. than a horse 5 hoof. No

shortened crops where the



CATERPILLAR crawls.





Works where horses can‘ 1-

on soft or wet ground- -'doesn t

slip or mire—wastes no power.

Three sizes. Get Catalog

EFISI; learn about the



CATERPILLAR.





 





Cattle with horns are danger-



ous and a constant menace to



persons and to other cattle. De-



horn quickly and easily with a

KEYSTONE DEHORNER



All over In 2minutee. Notnhnrsh method. A





clm clean cut. wogivem 1' milk teat.

’ chatter beef. Sengs for in; booiniet.

P





95 AMERICAN

CREAM

l5saAiAIOR





obtain our handsome free catalog 0X

ARMOR C0. amusmnoa, u. v.





PURE FEEDING MOLASSES





we are first hands and can quotoqou obsol tel -

tom prices. delivered your station.w 11 lots qunyzfgxg

from one b booklet.





THE MEADER-ATLAS





N. Y. Once 107 HudooiiSt . New York City.





 





 





 

 

 





 





When Writing to advertisers please





 





”intention The Michigan Faruic‘r. "





» 's-WAW. as...





. mrr‘





‘."‘~'.r-A .- WW}... ., . ~_, ”W“w}ww‘¢2§,'t v —. .\





a “Jew
.fmw... ,_





_ m”...





 





a mw'<:





DEC. 5, 1914.





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





F oot-and-Mouth Disease.





N the last issue, through the court-

esy of Dr. Giltner, of the Bacterio-

logical- Department 'of the Michi-



gan Agricultural College, we were able

to publish a group of pictures showing

the manner of disposing of live stock

found to be ' infeCted with foot-and-

mouth disease. In this issue through

a similar courtesy on the part of the

Bureau of Animal Industry of the U.

S. Department of Agriculture, we are

publishing herewith cuts showing the

characteristic symptoms of foot-and-

mouth disease, as well as they’ can be





shown by illustrations. Another cut

in this group illustrates the care with

which the infected animals are hand-

led by oificial inspectors, in order to

preVent the spread of the disease

through this medium. While it is now

hoped that the state is entirely free

of foot-and-mouth disease, yet the dan-

ger will not have passed until a suffi-

cient period of time has elapsed so

that there is no possibility that any

disease germs which may not have

been destroyed in the campaign of

eradication will have lost their power

to communicate the disease to unin-

fected animals which by any means

come in contact with them. It is for

this reason that these photographs

are published at this time, together

with a brief description of the charac-

teristic symptoms of the disease

which may enable the layman to iden-

tify it should any suspicious cases

come to his attention.



Aside from the slobbering which is

illustrated in the accompanying cut,

the most marked symptom of the dis-

ease which will be first observed by

the layman, will be lameness, due to

the infection of the foot at the point

shown in the accompanying illustra-

tion. At the point indicated, includ-

ing the whole area between the cleft

in the hoof and sometimes extending

along the coronet on the outside of

the hoof for a short distance, a vesicle

appears resembling an ordinary water

blister in character. In a short time

this breaks, leaving a raw sore. At

the same time similar vesicles appear

on the tongue and the mucous mem-

brane of the mouth, sometimes extend-

ing to the muzzle, which when brok-

ne leave a raw red appearing sore, the

surface of which is depressed below

the surrounding tissue in a rather

clean-cut manner.



In the event that any of these symp-

toms should make their appearance in

any of the animals upon any Michigan

farm, the state veterinarian or the





state live stock sanitary commission

should be notified at once, in order

that a correct diagnosis ~of the diffi-

culty may be made and steps taken

to prevent the spread of the disease,

should it prove to be foot-and-mouth

disease. It is probable that no cases

will occur in the state, but in the

event that cases should occur, prompt

action of this kind would enable the





tinguishing it from other less infec-

tious troubles with somewhat similar

symptoms, and the grave danger of

infection by careless handling. The

description given should enable the

layman to determine whether or not

the ailing animal can properly be sus-

pected of harboring this disease. In

case there is any suspicion that the

disease is present, through the mani-

festation of any of the symptoms de-

scribed no attempt at a close exami-

nation should be made until the state





 





Inspectors Wear Rubber Suits and Gloves in Examination of Animals to De-

termine the Presence of Foot-and-Mouth Disease.





authorities to localize them and pre‘

vent the general spread of the dis-

ease from the new point of infection.

No attempt should be made by the

layman to diagnose the disease for

himself, owing to the difficulty of dis-





or federal authorities have been noti-

fied, so that proper precautions can be

taken in making such an examinatiOn

against any accidental spread of the





disease either to other animals or to





human beings.





Ill|ll|||||lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllliiilillllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





Winter Carei the Colts.





HE late fall and early winter is a

critical time for the Weanling

and yearling colts. If, through

ignoranceor carelessness the colts re-

ceive insufficient or improper rations

and reach the middle of the winter

thin, weakened and stunted, the

chances are greatly against their ever

becoming the horses they would have

made with proper care, and the farm-

er will lose the difference between

what such horses are worth and what

they would have been worth under

the conditions with which every well-

bred colt ought to be surrounded.

Almost everyone knows that the

weanlings ought to be separated from





 





Characteristic Sores at the Cleft of the Hoof ln Foot-and-Mouth Dleeaee.





 





their dams at or about five months of

age and it is also pretty generally

recognized that long before they are

to be weaned they should have been

taught to eat grain and given a chance

to partake of a liberal grain ration

daily. Under such conditions the colts’

growth is not stopped when they are

taken from their dams. In fact, if fed

a proper grain ration, together‘with

roughage, preferably consisting of

clean, bright clover hay, they will of-

ten grow more rapidly after weaning





than before.





The Ration.



Oats and bran make an ideal ration

for'both weanling and yearling colts,

but in case cats are regarded as too

expensive, and especially where one

has plenty of corn and rye, a good

grain ration is made by grinding

those two grains together, two bushels

of corn to one of rye, and feeding on

chopped hay, moistening all just

enough to cause the meal to adhere to

the hay. With this feed a well-steam-

ed bran mash should be given once a

week.



Exercise.



It is not alone the feeding of the

colts that close attention must be paid.

They must have plenty of exercise,

but some attention must be paid as to

the conditions surrounding them when

turned out for this purpose. Icy yards

are responsible for many injuries

which reduce the selling value of the

colts. Frozen grass kills many colts

each winter; therefore, the owner

should have his exercising paddocks

Where ponds of water are not likely

to form, and should know whether or

not the colts are gorglng themselves

with frozen grass. To guard against

the last mentioned condition have

racks or troughs in which some kind

of roughage, hay, straw, sorghum or

corn stover is available at all times.



Vermin.



Lice frequently counteract all the

good effects of proper feeding and of-

tentimes the owner remains in ignor-

ance of their presence until the ugly





7—495





bare spots on the skin enlighten him.

By that time the colt is usually so

badly run doWn that his chances for

reaching his yearling form in condi-

tion to be called a real well-grown colt

have been dissipated. Still, if meas-

ures are at once taken to rid him of

the vermin, and particular attention

given to his care for a few weeks he

may be gotten to growing again so

that when he gets on grass in spring

he will catch up with the colts which

were not the victims of lice.

Rid the Colts of Lice.



If one has not too many colts it will

pay to give them a good brushing

once a day. Grooming stimulates the

functions of the skin and prevents, to

a certain extent, the breeding of ver-

min. If, however, lice get a foothold,

and frequent examinations should be

made to be sure that they are not

present, about as sure and eflicient a

remedy as can be employed to get rid

of them is to get a can of almost any

kind of the coal-tar preparations

which are used by poultrymen for

fighting lice on their fowls. Take an

old, heavy blanket and on the under

side 0f.it spray heavily with the coal-

tar preparation. If possible get a

blanket that will cover the colt from

just back of his head to his tail. Put

this blanket on the colt and with sur-

cingles wrap it as closely as possible

around the colt and let it remain two

hours. It is even well to put another

and lighter blanket over the heavy,

sprayed blanket before putting on the

surcingles, to confine the fumes of the

spray as closely as possible. After

the blankets are. removed, take an or-

dinary cattle card and go over the

coat thoroughly, then give a good

brushing with a stiff brush. This

treatment three times at intervals of

about a week or ten days will rid the

lousiest colt of vermin. It will not

take a couple of men long to spray,

blanket and then brush a band of

colts and it will surely pay.



Internal Parasites.



The other bugbear of colthood is'

intestinal worms, and they are more

likely to be present in injurious num-





 





Slo‘bbering is a Symptom of Foot-and-

Mouth Disease.



bers when the colt is kept thin in

flesh and out of condition as a result

of lice or improper rations. When

once the colt becomes badly infested

with these worms the proper remedy

is turpentine. For a weanling give a

teaspoonful in a little milk or raw lin-

seed oil once a day for three days.

For a yearling make the dose about a

tablespoonful. Be careful in giving

the mixture of turpentine and milk or

oil to give it slowly, a swallow at a

time, so as not to strangle the colt.

If given too rapidly it may pass into

the lungs by way of the windpipe and

set up mechanical pneumonia.



Give the Colts’ Feet Needed Atten-



tion.



While paying special attention to

keeping the colt growing and free.

from vermin, in other words, in a;

thriving condition, do not overlook the

importance of keeping his feet level

and at such an angle that the bones of

the legs will not become malformed
496—8

meme 9..

f





'3 Gombault’s Caustic Balsam

The Great French Remedy





HIS Wonderful Liniment, in use for

over 30 years, is a most marvelous





Human Flesh Healer, and a Sure-Quick-Safe rem-





edy for every known pain, requiring external treatment.

Thousands have and thousands more will testify to the wonderful

healing and curing powers of Gombault’s Caustic Balsam.





Penetrating, Healing, Sdothi‘ng. Helps Nature to Heal and Cure. One table-

spoontul Wlll do more than a whole bottle of any other Liniment. As an external

application has no equal for Sores, Wounds, Felons. Burns, Boils and Swellings.





’v.





A“365” Day Liniment





0 .

Safe and Reliable—for So e Throat, Chest Cold. Backache, Rheumatism a

and Neuralgia. Dr. “Higley, hitewater, Wis., writesz—“I have been using

Caustic Balsam ten years for different ailments. It has rever failed me yet."

A linlment that not only heals and cures Human Flesh. but foryears the accepted

Standard Veterinary remedy of the world. “My right arm was crippled for two

years. I spent $500 doctor bills and finally tried Caustic Balsam. My arm is now as

good as ever."—E. E. Lowe. BlackbirnDkla. Price $1.30 per bottle at all Druggists

or sent by us express prepaid. Write for free booklet and read what others say.





THE LAWRENCE WILLIAMS CO.. Cleveland. 0.





 





 





 





   





In horses or live stock nothing equals Sloan’s for sure,

speedy relief. Good for Fosters, Spavin, Chicken Roup,

Hog Cholera.





 

   

 





Hear What Others Say :





“We use your horse medicines here with good success. I have

charge of one hundred and fifty draft. horses used at. the Government

mills here."—-—-Glcnn C. Collins, Live Stock Supt, Dept. of the Interior,

United States I ndzan Service, Menominee Indian 1i! ills, N eopz’t, Wis.





SLOAN’S

Li NIMENT





All Dealers 25c.. 50c. and $1.00

Send 4 cents in stamps for TRIAL BOTTLE





DR. EARL S. SLOAN, Inc., Dept. 22 Philadelphia, Pa.





RI N No deafening “ls

racket. Grinds car com, 211- .

falfa, screenings and all grain, sep-



arate or mixed, SWiftiy. silently and fine





   

   





 





 





   

   





   





Capital Stock—$100,000. Surplus—$100,000

Home Office—Charlotte, Michigan.





Only Home 00., in Michigan.

COLON C. LlLLlE President.

H. J. WELLS, -:- Secretary-Treasurer.





-Empire Molasses ‘





Saves grain. Puts fat on stock quicker and cheaper.

Write us today for low prices and guarantee. _





WATI’lESRx COMPANY Box 13 litchiield Miclii





Michigan Livestock Insurance 80. G





 





at lowest gas cost. lisct buhrs

grinds 1000-3000 bushels.





| ETZSSEERfiiih,





Try this clog—proof mill 10 days

on our farm Iron. Give H. l’_. 3 g

0 your engine when you write i





wit.

Lou mg. eo.. am In“ Road, ‘ ' ’

‘ Crown Point, Ind. ~ I





 

 





 





 





 





 

 

 

   

 





 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





Built Like a Watch





Rugged as a Battleship





.. :_. Best Balanced

’ Engine Built





SIZES. 1kg, 3, 4. 5, 7.10.12, 15 and all sizes up to 60 H. P.





A FIELD ENGINE—30 DAYS’ FREE TRIAL.





We make you this after and Let You Be the Judge at the Merits of our Engine.

We will send a Field Engine to any responsible Farmer who will hitch the

Engine to his hard work and give it. a trial for a month. If it doesn’t convmce

you that you are losing money without it send it back at our expense.





This is the Quality and Efficiency Engine, Costing Less to Run.





A Better Engine and Better Service at the price of cheap engines.





 

   

 

 





 





A Built in Webster Crankless, If your dealer cannot

Gear-less Magneto at a supply you, write di-

small additional cost. rect to us. ' '





THE FIELD-BRUNDAGE CO.





 





 





 





 





JACKSON. MICHIGAN.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER"





to such an extent as to make him toe

out, or toe in, either of which malfor-





‘~ * mations will make a marked decrease

' in his market value for the buyers for





the big industrial concerns in the cit.

ies which require heavy horses, are

very particular regarding the legs and

feet of the horses they buy. At the

best the heavy work on paved streets

operates against a long period of ser-

vice by the soundest of horses and the

purchase of those faulty in this re-

spect means a quick renewal of team

equipment. Look over the colts’ feet

at least once a month ahd with nip-

pers and blacksmith’s rasp take off

the excessive growth and see that the

feet are level. If a colt shows a ten-

dency to toe out, there will be more

rapid growth of the outside of the feet

which be sure and take down a little

lower than the inside, counting on the

more rapid growth of the outside to

level the foot before it comes time to

attend to them again. If the colt toes

in it will be the inside of the feet that

will need similar treatment.





Every farmer knows that the 'colt

should be fed well, but far too many

overlook the importance of feeding

right, as well as liberally, and of at-

tending to the other details which

have been mentioned here and which

have an important bearing on the

price he will bring when of market-

able age.



New York.





»_.___..__.._..________.





WINTER FEEDING OF THE FARM

TEAMS.





 





Opinions may differ as to the value

of this or that feed for farm teams,

but it is evident that the actual food

requirements of a horse performing a

given amount of work cannot vary as

a result of a change of opinion on the

part of the feeder. The problem in

horse feeding is to supply sufficient

nutritive material for the production

of the work required and at the same

time to maintain the body weights.

There is no surer test of the fitness of

any given ration than that it enables

the horse fed to maintain a constant

weight. If the animal loses weight it

is evident that the ration is insuffi-

cient either in quantity or quality,

while if gains in weight are made and

the animal becomes fat it is evident

that more feed is given than is abso-

lutely necessary.



Feeding farm teams during the win-

ter season calls for more than ordi-

nary care and skill if they are to be

kept in the best condition possible,

with the least expense for feed. The

difficulty is increased by the fact that

work on many farms is irregular or

inadequate for the exercise needed to

maintain health during the winter

months. The cheaper horses can be

carried through the winter the better,

providing good health is maintained.

If, however, when spring arrives they

are weak and emaciated and require

much extra feed and care to put them

in condition for spring work, cheap

feeding has been money lost rather

than saved.



Horses’ Teeth Require Attention.



An item for consideration is the

condition of the teeth and especially

in the older horses. It is quite possi-

ble to keep the animals in very fair

condition during the spring, summer

and fall seasons when they have more

or less grass and a suitable grain ra-

tion, but with the arrival of the win-

ter season and the feeding of such a

ration as requires much mastication

these horses soon lose condition and

in the early spring they are so poor

that they cannot do “as much steady

work as they would have been capable

of had‘ they maintained a good flesh

condition. I am careful to note my

horses' teeth occasionally and when





~ any are found to be out of condition





the animal is taken to the veterinar-





‘ ian and the defect remedied.





The maintenance of good digestion





I is important. By feeding a. coarse and





\





 





DEC. 5, 1914."





unnutritious ration, especially to old

horses, digestion may be so seriously

deranged when spring arrives that

they cannot maintain strength and

proper condition even when fed a

more generous ratiOn. Whatever feed-

ing stuffs are employed in the ration

the horses should be fed regularly

and uniformly at all times. They an-

ticipate the feeding hour and become

more or less nervous if it is delayed.

Their digestive system becomes ac-

customed to a certain order which

must obtain to secure the best results.

The Roughage Ration.



As to the hay portion of the ration



for horses, I have fed none that gave





me as good results as bright clover or '





alfalfa fed in moderate quantity. The

idea that either of these is more apt

to cause heaves than timothy or up-

land hay, is unfounded. It is true

that clover often contains more dust

than timothy and for that reason may

be the cause of heaves but I know full

well from many years of actual expe-

rience in feeding it that good clean

clover has no superior as a hay for

horses. When the hay is dusty it

should be well shaken and then damp-

ened with weak lime water before

feeding. Then there will be no harm-

ful results from its use. Alfalfa, al-

though an excellent feed for horses

must be fed with some caution. The

hay racks cannot be filled up at night

with alfalfa and the horses allowed to

eat all night long, with good results.

In fact, neither clover or alfalfa, both

of which are very rich in protein, can

be fed as carelessly as timothy. A

very good way to feed hays is to mix

them, using clover and timothy or al-

falfa and timothy. Bright straw, eith-

er wheat or cat, can be used to good

advantage in feeding horses. I have

fed much of it. When the straw is

run through a cutting box and then

given a sprinkling of salt the horses

will clean it up nicely.

The Grain Ration.



Some farmers feed a grain ration of

corn exclusively during the entire win-

ter but this ration lacks variety and

can be improved otherwise by the ad-

dition of other grain mixtures. I like

to feed corn and oats with a little oil

meal. There is no other single grain

that is as satisfactory in every way

for horses as cats. I have tried feed

ing silage to my horses but they do

not take kindly to it. It is a good

plan to vary the feed as much as pos-

sible. On most farms this can be done

without inconvenience and at practi-

cally no increased expense. If oats

are fed, change to corn or a mixture

of corn and cats, or any suitable mix-

ture that will add variety. An occa-

sional bran mash, say fed once week-

ly, will be found beneficial. It adds

variety and improves the general con-

dition of the horses. A few carrots

or turnips sliced will also be relished.

No exact quantity of grain per day

can be stated because so much de-

pends on local conditions and the indi-

viduality of horses and their feeders.

The smallest quantity needed to keep

up the desired condition and maintain

good health and vigor is the proper

quantity to feed. Close daily obser-

vation will determine this.



Other Factors of Good Care.



It is needless to say that horses

should have plenty of good water, the

animals being permitted to take a

drink an hour or so before being fed

so that none of the feed will be wash-

ed out of the stomach, which is apt to

be the case if watering is done direct-

ly after eating. When the horses are

idle a run in the pasture fields will do

them good on bright days in Winter,

but in bad weather good quarters are

demanded. Every morning and even-

ing, Whether working or not, my

horses receive a good currying and

brushing. The work of grooming is

much more than repaid in clean skin

and -fine appearance of the coat.’ It

makes the horses feel good and, of

course, they do better.



Illinois. W. M. HARDY.





 





«r





NV”...





: — .»-<-m4.“4w.mm.wa "i“ .

K
$k J‘s-.31....»





wan-“hr"





\

I





 





DEC. 5. 1914. ’





THE. MICHIGAN FARMER





9—497





 





E" llllllllllllllllllllIlllllll|lllllllllllllll|lllllll|llllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll lllllllIlllllllllllllllIIIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll-lj'lj

Practical Science.

s s

ElllllllllllllIlllIl||||lllllllllllllllllllIIllllllIIIIlIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll lllll|llllllllllllllllI||lllll||llllIllllllllllllI|llllllllllllIllIlllll|llllllllllllllllllllllIlllIlllIll|ll|Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllj





THE RELATION OF COST OF PRO-

DUCTION TO SELLING PRICE.





 





(Continued from last week).



Of the same tenor is the experience

of the University, which is producing

corn yields varying from 26 bushels

per acre on continuously unfertilized

land, to an average of 93 and a maxi-

mum of 120 bushels per acre on land

which is excessively fertilized. It is

making no money on either extreme;

in the one because the yield is not

sufficient to pay the labor, in theloth-

er, because the fertilizers are so cost-

ly as to swallow all the profits. The

problem of the farmer, therefore, is to

determine at what point between these

extreme yields he must aim to fix his

average yield, and in determining this

point he must take into consideration

the value of his land, the cost of labor,

the cost of fertilizer, and the prob-

able price he will receive for his

product.



From this we see the impossibility

of “doubling yields without increased

expense,” and also that when prices

drop, the income of even the best

farmers must decline, for extreme

yields are profitable only with high

prices. It must be clear that we can-

not recklessly increase the yield per

acre (by fertilization).



On the other hand, we cannot con-

tinue the old-time wasteful methods of

soil exhaustion, cheap and effective

though they were in their day, be-

cause they are resulting in decreasing

yields in the fame of increasing de-

mands. If our declining yields, due to

soil exhaustion, are to be arrested and

turned into even a slight increase to

meet the growing demands, it is clear

that new methods must be employed,

but the object must be a moderate in-

crease in yield by economic methods

and not extreme yields, which are

bound to result in loss to the farmer

or in prohibitive prices for food, or

both.



Our farming is now in a transition

stage between the “extensive agricul-

ture” of the pioneer, in which fertility

is disregarded and there is no invest-

ment but labor, and the “intensiveag-

riculture” of old and densely populat-

ed countries, in which the main ques-

tion is yield per acre, resulting either

in high cost of food or in poorly paid

labor. (China produces the most per

acre but pays its laborers the least).



Our present yields are below what

the climate and the general situation

ought to produce, owing mainly to cer-

tain adverse conditions that can be

cheaply and easily corrected and

money put into this channel will well

repay the investment because it will

increase the yield without being sub-

ject to the law of diminishing returns.

This is where our present duty and

opportunity lie in establishing the

foundations of a permanent agricul-

ture. It must be remembered that we

have not as yet reached the intensive

stage, where it will pay either the pro

ducer or the consumer to attempt max-

imum yields on American land.



In this transitional stage, in which

our yields are kept down by certain

adverse conditions, the first step in a

rational procedure is the correction of

these conditions by relatively inex-

pensive methods, such as the use of

lime to correct acidity, the application

of cheap forms of phosphorous or of

potassium to balance fertility, keeping

nitrogen always the limiting element,

a better adjustment of crops to soil

and to locality, and the organization

of more economic systems of farming

with special attention to live stock

the distribution of labor, and the in-

vestment of capital. All the advice

given out by the University of Illinois

at this juncture is based upon this

principle, because investments'of this





character, whether of labor or of cap-

ital, are certain to increase the yield

with relatively slight expense. Hav-

ing done what we can in this way, we

may await with confidence the inten-

sive stage, the coming of which will

be characterized by a permanent rise

in prices.



The greatest hazard in farming is

the season, against which improved

methods are only a partial protection.

The farmer with little or no capital

must confine himself to practices that

Will pay every year, while the man

with considerable means is free to fol-

low those more expensive methods

which pay best in the long run, .even

though an adverse season now and

then might showa loss. This lack of

capital cannot be remedied by short-

time loans to the small farmer, nor by

loans of any kind to the farmer whose

yields are limited by bad cultivation

or to the one incapable of managing

his business upon the more complex

and, to him, dangerous basis that will

be at once established when he at-

tempts to increase his yield by a larg-

er use of capital.



It is commonly said that not enough

floating capital is invested upon Am-

erican farms, and it is doubtless true,

but it must be remembered, both in

extending credit and in making loans,

that the American farmer has had lit-

tle experience in handling capital.

Manifestly, therefore, when he bor-

rows, both he and the lender must be

satisfied that the loan will be judi-

ciously used, or it may result disas-

trously.



The student of agriculture cannot

fail to see the danger of over-capitali-

zation in attempts to secure abnor-

mally high yields, a danger which in-

creases as the practice spreads, for

although one man may safely increase

his ~yields without depressing the

price, if all farmers were to follow his

example the price would drop and all

would 10se money. Under this prin-

ciple a few farmers will always be

practicing methods not practicable for

the mass. By this we see that in the

long run the chief results of better

farming will be realized by the con-

sumer rather than by the farmer. All

attempts to hold down production with

the purpose of raising the price are as

unavailing as they are unwarranted.

The world wants food, and the princi-

ples herein presented are the ones

that Will guarantee its cheapest pro-

duction.



Conclusion.



It is relatively. safe, therefore, to

invest capital freely upon the farm for

the sake of correcting abnormal condi-

tions and raisinlg the yield to normal,

but beyond that point it will pay only

when prices rise. As we approach

this point by reason of increased pop-

ulation with its increased demands,

either the cost offood must rise or

labor be greatly degraded, else the

farmer cannot afford to produce the

increase needed. As population in-

creases, therefore, but one alternative

will present itself—each human unit

must become more eificient in produc-

tion, or it must deny itself much of

what is now enjoyed.



This circular is issued not as an ar-

gument for poor farming nor for the

continuance of old-time methods, but

to point out that we are not to step

at once blindly into expensive forms

of intensive agriculture. We should

ascertain and practice those relatively

inexpensive methods belonging to a





transition stage that correct bad con-





ditions and thereby conSiderably in-





crease the yield, Without seriously I





raising the price, so that the results

may be profitable alike to the farmer

and to.the public whom he serves.

In this good work there is no danger

of doing too much.





 





 





STEVENS





FIREARMS





“THE BULL’S-EYE KIND”

“Visible Loading” Repeating





\ \Fi’fig Rifle No.70. The Safe Re-

is} -, p ‘ -_ peater. You see each

337?? 7 $55,} cartridge as it

. enters the

chamber.





You know

when it is loaded



and you know when it 7



is empty. This rifle cannot be



fired until the action is locked. Made .

to use 22 Long Rifle, 22 Long or 22 \.;’g

Short Cartridges without change or ad-

justment. List Price $8.00 but sold by retail

dealers at $7.00 except west of Mississippi River

and in Canada. Accuracy is the distinguishing fea-





ture of every STEVENS Rifle.





 





REPEATING

SHOTGUNS





12 and 20 Gauge

Hammerless—

Solid Breech

—Easy



Take





Sold by



retail dealers



at $2 I .60 except



west of Mississippi River

and in Canada. Both l2 and



20 gauge furnished with 26, 28, 30

or 32 inch barrels. Full choke, modi-





fied or cylinder bored. l2 gauge chambered



for 2 % inch shells. 20 gauge chambered for 3 inch shells



but will use shorter ones as Well. l2 gauge Weighs 7%

pounds. 20 gauge weighs 6% pounds. Either gauge suitable

for wild fowl. small game or trap shooting. F or FREE Catalog of

all STEVENS Firearms write to





J. STEVENS ARMS & TOOL COMPANY





15 Broadway

CHICOPEE FALLS, MASS., U. s. A.





\si/





 





 





My Law Prices Will Save You I

Big Money On Any Size

or Style of Enginey 'fi





Three facts explain my low prices: I have a nat-

\ ural gas well giving free power, heat and light.

I share this saving with my customers. I have

most modern engine-making machinery.

_ furthter redglcinlglI mantufacturing eggs to lowest '

pom {10551 e y en ire output so irect rom factoryto users saves bu -

Mgflcte‘t I era all dealers’ profits—an average of $6 to $20 per horse-power. y





WITTE ENGINES





Kerosene. nDictifllute, Gasoline. Gas 5-Year Guarantee

—cheIa er “52:13.5: 313:3er 35"?“ When it comes to durability and ease

-.,g gm, geghggaggxgmd gf mam °i testis. assassinate:

1 5003 w eyou '

I ., . pay for it . .r_ J than the WITTE.





t lionary

5 84. O:

‘ 69.





.30”...ng





Nun





Engine Book F REE

‘ 'Iells how to pick out the en- .

' gine that is best suited for

your work and all about





Nul- -

NONIO&N





O

I



I



11

25

.I

u

.

o





aw-

Kerosigneand " . Kansas City, ”0""

Gasoline Engines this style





Run on Kerosene—6c for 10 Hours





Ellis Engines develop more power on cheap lamp oil than other en es -

, priced gasoline. Will also operate successfully on distillate, peird‘lin do high

.- alcohol or gasoline. Strongest, simplest, most powerful engines . ‘ ‘



made; only three working parts. No cranking, no excessive weight, ‘ 5 =



no caribonlzing, less vibration,e easy to operate. ./,





NGINE





11¢ three en nes in one force-feed oiler, automobile



muffler; ball- -bearing governor adjustaglle while running an other exclusive mania):



Every engine sent on 30 days’ approval with freight paid. -year arantee. Write ‘ , -r “—1

for 1915 catalog,‘ ‘Engino Facts, ” showln ing New Models with specia prices. ‘ ‘





ELLIS ENGINE C0,, 2839 East Grand Boulevard, Detroit, Mich.





florizontsl Engine





Have patbent throttle, givi





 





 





Easy to apply-Sold by weight mllllllllfll. I l I ~.





~ POLL





ROOFING





Made from the well known APOLLO Best B1 00 Galvaniz

d specially Sladnptelglmtgall ts cl assesm lot {artifitui 111311188 idisgegg'a

us no are es we , .

attihfltnfiuniib1801.Sold by leading dossiers. quSentlf to: free t 1:132.





timsum AID'I'IIHATI column. “WWII.





 





mnn‘mfim
. wiwmmunmmn . a“.





 





 





498 —10





 





THE MICHIGAN ,F-A‘RMEVRW





DEC. 5, 1914.





 





Where do the poultry profits go? Have you

ever figured this out? We have made an

exhaustive study of this im- 3:

portant problem and the answer

is in our new Poultry Book, just

off the press. Send 10c for a copy, » j ,

to-day, and we will enclose our ‘ 1

Cash Value Coupon. The book is

worth several dollars to the poul-

try owner. THE C. E. CONKEY C0.

133 Conkey Bldg., Cleveland, Ohio.





   

 





 





BIGGER "Aunts-BIGGER PRO]:





 

 

 

 

   

 





- The incubator with hun-

dreds of dead air cells. Gets 100% _

cc. Copper boiler. Hotwater heat.

LOWEST PRICE YET

isles ram 5.0 W0"

3 r0 er . o rte ‘ lit

7 1 Red 3“ pa. a .. ornia

. teeter. li‘rt. pd. E. of Rockies "

Book free. Progressive incu-

bator 00.3301: iMNccine,Wll, I





 





   





 





 

   

   

   

   





heating system.

algun, i(gldorless

11 san arr.

Write for the free l

HOLINI PRESSED Sgécfl‘ilagg.

Devi. I-31. I. Molina. Ill.





[nCUbators moreefiicient





 





   

   

   





 





You Can Earn a Good L

Raising Poultry "





The“ 11:13; oxkpanaos—lnorecu r income __,

oulan s ms 0 money this way with (Tiff; ;,

UCCESSFUL INCUBATORS _: " " ‘t'

.uccrssrul. snoonrns I

Life Producers—Lite Preset-vets ' ‘-.

wfkg'gfld" poailtry—all leading varieties.

y on’t you c the some? Learn how c it is to tart. B l

Balsa 48 out 0150 Chloks"—ll)o. CauloglreyFREE. IWrite .3331 11:39::





Dec lolnes Incubator 00., 368 Second St., Des Molnos, In.





Join World’s Champions





3_more championships won by owners of Belle

xty hatching outfits. Makes





Belle City





21 Times World'sthamplon

Free Book "Hatching ; am “‘m

Facts" tells whole story.

My 8800 Bold fillers conic with

re look—Moncy-Bsck Guaranty Hatching

outfit shown In cciusi colors. Jim lichen. Pros

Belle City Incubator 60.. Box 14





iving





   





 





 

 

 

 

 





 





Home in!

Racine. Wis.





 





The Poultry Silo





Gel a Wolverlno Gram Sprouler

' and make Winter ayinu and

' Growing possible. Will SPROUT

ANY KIND OF GRAIN,

Prices ranging from $6.25 and

“35‘ according to size.

REIGHT PAID—Write today

for literature.





l-‘_ r- "1

| ... :mmr‘s'ars m .





IlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlIll|IIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llll|lllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllll ‘-‘





P0 11 ltry.

filllllllIllll|llllllillllllllIlllllllllllIlllllIllllllllIlllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllll|l||IllIlllllllllllllllllllll iii.

POULTRY WORK FOR DECEMBER.





:JJ.





llllllllllllllllllllllllllfi-





‘l





 





December is the month we put the

finishing touches to any winter prep-

arations we'have not already complet-

ed. Winter is pretty apt to come in

.earn'est this month, and give little

more opportunity for preparation.



Up to this time the grass has re-

mained green unless we have ha ex-

tremely severe weather for the season

so the hens have not needed much

green feed, but now we must begin to

feed our root crops or provide some

Other green or succuclent feed for

them. If we have stored the cabbage

stalks they will serve, for some time.

Alfalfa meal will answer if we have

no other. '



When we see the flock spread out

over the place on a warm day we cer-

tainly enjoy our pure blood poultry.

A flock of pure color is an inspiration.

It is a good idea to cull out any that

mar the apearance of the flock when-

ever they» are noticed, for when we

are looking for them sometimes we

cannot see the faults like they appear

at others.



Give Hens Plenty of Room.



If we are going to sell any we

should do it during the first part of

the month, for prices drop usually a.

couple of weeks before the holidays

and do not come up again until a cou-

ple of weeks after.



Now when the weather keeps the

hens pretty close the bad results of

over-crowding will begin to show. Give

your hens plenty of room and they

will pay for it. There is no economy

in crowding them.



Give plenty of air and sunlight dur-





 





WOL‘VERINE SALES 00..

Dept. L. 7ll Delaware St,

Grand Rapids. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





“





 





POULTRY. »

BABRED PLYMOUTH BOOKS

“Hooser Strain." Established in 1892.





Winner of 11 first prizes at Chicago. Cincinnati and

Indianapolis in two years. 300 fine Cookerels, some

good cook birds, hens and pullets in any number. All

stock shipped subJect to ap royal. Prices reasonable.

Write your wants. G. Earl cover. 11.7, Matthews,Ind.





white Holland Turkeys, fine early hatch, hens 83 toms 35.

Also Bull= Plymoth Rock cockerols $1.50 each. Satisfaction

guaranteed. MAE \V‘HITBECK, “Two Pines" Montague. Mich.





rize winning‘ stock in Bourbon Bed Turkeys. also

Rose and Single Comb Rhode Island Rods.

MRS. F. J. NAPIER, Novi. Michigan.





BillilEll nocx onerous-asth-rim £1333:

Winners for 10 years. J. A. Barnum. Union City.Mich.

Choice Pun Brod Light Brahma Cookerels, “33°23;

MR8. E. B. WILLITS, B.F.D. No 16. Reading, Mich.





Pil B d BOURBON RED TURKEYS and

re re White Wyandotte Cockerels for sale

at reasonable prices. Chas. A. Beatty, Milford, Mich,



—~Pairs not akin.





Mammoth Bronze Turkeys Tom, $.00,

Hens $4.00. COLLAR Bros.. Coopersville, Michigan.





‘ for sale ure bred oockerels.

R" C‘ w' Leghorns Also wish to buy6000kerels.

A. R. LEVEY. Elsie. Michigan.



' ' ' «St k d

Pekin and While Indian llunner Ducks p.933, 3,?”

please you. H. V. Hostetler, Route 1. St. Johns. Mich

“no FARMERS We have just what you want in



- - Barred and White P. Rock ckrls.

From extra laying strain, large handsome fellows.

Farm raised. For prices write. R EBVIEW

POULTRY FARM. Box 798 Union City. Michigan.



——All rize winners and breeding stock

Barr"! Rock: at ha fprioe. Wonmprlzes lastwinter

W. C. COFFMLN. R. No. 6, Benton Harbor, Mich





SILVER LACED GOLDEN and WHITE \VYANDOTTES—A fine

lot of White cockersls weighing 6 to 8 lbs. at 82 and 88

Portland, Michigan.





each. Browning's Wyandotte Farm.





' —Only a few left. E as

Pekin Duck: and Drake: no... “new-inn... “Write

for prices. R. O. FISHER. St. Helen. Michigan.





PlllE CREST WHITE OBPIlliiiOllSTEJé‘if’fiifiJ'Qr‘i‘Zi

State Fair, ullets, oockerels, hens. also collie pu les,

Mrs.Willis fiough, Pine Crest Farm. Royal Oak. ich.



— k k l . Fl h i

For 83" slim".£L£tf°ffitf£ind°sgfn‘t‘frftmié.

White Plymouth Rock Poultry Farm. Gaines, Mich.





PLYMOUTH Rock cookerels 5 to 11 lbs.. according to

age, hens 5 to 81bs., 15 eggs '1: Mammoth Bronze

Tom Turkeys 8 to 35 lbs. aocordin to age. Price 88

to 825. 10 eyes 83. A. E. ORAMTO . Vassar. Mich.





Doos AND FERRETS.





I I

lmnodliunmng Fox Houndsfipfi°5fifigmsggfg

Bend stamp. W. E LEOKY. Holmesville. Ohio.





Fox and Wolf Hounds





of flu but English slain in Amriu

40 years experience in breeding

these fine hounds for my own

sport. Save your pigs sheep and

poultry. Send stamp for catalog

1’. B. HUDSPETH,

Sibley, Jackson County, Mo.





 





v 2000 Ferrets for sale. Write for price

' u... a". me. Goal-Inmate 4.1mm.

'~ Maine Bro-"Box ilJamcctownJfleh.





ing the dark winter months. I like to

have a scratChing shed open on the

south so the sun can shine the whole

distance back under the roosts at the

far side. It is a good idea to have the

upper three or four feet made of sash

with glass in it, as where the opening

is the whole height and high enough

to let the sun back it lets in too much

snow on the scratching floor. The op-

en front should be as high as the roof

where they roost, though. Don’t be

afraid of the chickens freezing their

combs in such a house, no matter how

cold the weather, provided, of course,

you have enough hens so their bodily

warmth keeps the temperature up a

little. About five or six hens to each

foot in width is the number I usually

put in such a house. My house last

year was 24 feet deep from front to

back and 14 feet wide, and it accom.

modated 80 hens very comfortably. It

was four feet high at the back and 10

feet in front, with the Whole front op-

en. The snow only beat in four or

five feet, and that was soon disposed

of by the hens scratching among the

straw under it and the sun coming in

at the front. Not a chicken had a

frozen comb. ‘ Still, I think the glass

above would be an advantage and not

cut off any of the necessary air

supply.

Feed a Variety of Feeds.



Variety in feed spells winter eggs.

A mash composed of one part meat

meal and one part alfalfa meal to one

part each of ground corn, bran and

shorts, with a little "salt and oil meal

makes a complete ration with the

corn at night and all the other grains

you can get used in the scratch mate-

rial. I like to feed boiled oats once a

day, for cats are especially good for

laying hens, fed either dry, boiled or

sprouted. I always feed all the corn

they will eat at night, though. Hav-

ing the meat meal or crushed bone

prevents egg eating, .I have found.



Begin right now to use lime freely

if you have not already done so.

Whitewash- that-houses and ;keep' the

ground prettyngell dusted with it. It

is a great preventative of diseaseand





 





"is so cheapi—apd._easyfto 'uSe that' no‘





one has an excuse for not using it.

Keep books, too, for you never can

guess‘ at what the hens do profit you.

You will be surprised at the result if

you keepan accurate account and give

your flock good care. L. H. COBB:





 





THE NEW BROOD.





 





The farmer just about gets his hens

into winter quarters and accustomed

to laying high-priced eggs, when he

has to start to think of raising a new

brood of chicks. Hewill undoubtedly

give the matter of incubation and

brooding considerable thought and

will think over the merits and de-mer-

its of hen hatching and hatching by

incubator.



There is no doubt but what the hen

is a natural means of bringing the lit-

tle chicks to life, but in the develop-

ment of our poultry industry, we have

deviated considerably from the ways

of Nature. We have improved upon

the hen so that she is a regular egg

machine, but in the matter of hatch-

ing, we have never been able to en-

courage her toward any improvement.

She is still uncertain and changeable.

Being a living individual she has a

mind of her own, and has ideas differ-

ent than ours with reference to the

time and place of hatching.





Incubation a Science.



Having developed the hen as an egg

machine, we ought to give due consid-

eration to a machine for hatching.

The popularity of the incubator shows

without doubt that it is the preferred

method of hatching by most all who

make any pretension of making poul-

try a business. Incubation has been

brought down to a science, and being

a science it is an improvement upon

Nature. After we thoroughly under-

stand an incubator which, by the way,

consists mainly of following the direc-

tions of the manufacturer to the let-

ter, we have a hatching equipment

that is entirely under our control. We

can hatch early so that we can take

advantage of the early spring chicken

market, or we can raise pullets which

will mature early in fall and start lay-

ing when eggs are highest. The in«

cubator will hatch a hundred or more

where the hen will hatch only a dozen

at most, and the‘care of an incubator

is no more than the care of a single

hen.



While the manufacturers of incu-

bators are not in the business for love

the poultry industry owes them- a debt

of gratitude, for without the incubator

this business could not have develop-

ed as fast as it has. The mere fact

that the largest poultry raisers use

them is an indication of their worth.



Select Incubator which Best Suits



Your Purpose.



Spring is a busy time for the farmer

and farmer’s wife, and to be compell-

ed to bother with a large number of

setting hens at that time of the .year

should be considered a tax on one’s

energy, especially when all of the eggs

being hatched could be put into one

incubator. Incubators of all sizes can

be bought so as to accommodate all

sizes of poultry flocks. If for use in

the hatching for a small farm flock,

the small incubators are very satis-

factory, but many farmers buy the

larger sizes and do considerable cus-

tom hatching. This work starts early

in spring before the farm work is

started, and to many has become a

pleasant and interesting source of in-

come. .



It is evident that the farmer is con-

sidering all means to increase the em-

ciency of his business. The poultry

end of the farming business he does

not always give the consideration he

should, because he considers it the

woman’s part of the farm work. He

makes a mistake in thinking this, for

the poultry often returns larger prof-

its for the time and money spent than

any other part of the farm. He should,

therefore, give due consideration to

the, improvement. of the poultry. de-

partment of his. farm. v'When rdomg





this hem-mustuneeessarily give the in-

cubator serious consideration because

it is one of the most important factors

in placing poultry on a business basis.

Study the advertisements of the

manufacturers and send for their cat-

alogs early so that you will have due

time in considering the various fea-

tures of the different makes. One can

not be too early in considering these

things, but may easily be too late.





 





A FEW HINTS ON THE CARE OF

DUCKS.





 





With a little extra care, it is easier

to get duck eggs in winter than hen

eggs—provided one keeps the right

kind of ducks. Of course, the Indian

Runner is generally supposed to be

the only duck that lays in winter, but

we have had Pekin ducks that began

laying every winter, in January, and

continued until late in the spring.



Nearly everyone who keeps poultry

of different kinds as a “side line”

likes to have "a few ducks. As a rule,

they are not given a chance to do

their best; because, instead of having

a house to themselves, they have to

sit in the hen house at night, or else

in some shed.



Ducks Easily Cared For.



Beginners should have a definite ob-

ject in view, when deciding to begin

the raising of ducks. We have kept

the Rouen, Mammoth Pekin, small-

sized Pekin, Black Mu'scovy and In-

dian Runner. For several different

reasons we like the Mammoth Pekin

for market purposes better than any

of the others. As a general purpose

duck, we do not hesitate to recom-

mend the good old Rouen. And for

eggs give us the Indian Runner. When

these little egg machines are well-car-

ed for, they will lay more eggs in pro-

portion to their number, than any

kind of chickens we know of; not

even excepting the Leghorn, which is

hard to beat. We have always con-

tended that it was easier to get duck

-eggs in winter, than hen eggs, under

similar conditions. To begin with,

provide the ducks with a dry, com-

fortable house, with plenty of straw

or clean litter for bedding. We re-

move the'soiled bedding, every day,

with a pitch fork. Of course, this

does not mean that all the litter on

the floor is removed daily. The ducks

usually crowd into a corner, when

they “go to roost.” They also lay

their eggs on the floor, or among the

bedding. If the latter is badly soiled,

the eggs will be soiled, also. A duck-

house can be cheaply built; or if only

a few ducks are to be kept, almost

any low shed or old building can be

converted into a duck—house. A floor

will not be necessary unless the spot

where the shed is located shows signs

of being damp. It is a mistake to

imagine that dampness will not do a

"duck any harm. The fact is, if ducks

are forced to sit in a damp house, or

out of doors in bad weather, they will

take cramps or rheumatism; if they

take cold in the head (which they are

liable to do) it is almost certain to

turn to roup.



Protect Ducks from Cold.



If the walls are open, use tarred

sheathing to make them draft-proof.

Have some sort of window. On cold,

stormy days, the ducks need shelter;

keep them in the house. Feed regu‘

larly, .morning, noon and night.



A warm mash, composed of cooked

vegetables, boiled oats and cornmeal

makes a good morning ration. Allow

them all they will eat, no more. We

give the ducks some chopped raw cab-

bage, turnips, beets or apples at noon,

with a little dry bran added. At night

we feed whole corn, either boiled or

soaked. Keep the feed and, water

troughs clean. In severe cold weath-

er we give both ducks and hens tepid

water to drink. Be sure to furnish

plenty of. clean, coarse sand; alsooth-

er grit. Coal cinders are good for all

kinds of poultry; especially laying

hens and ducks. ANNA <W. (laureates;





g
i

l

.

7

g

.

3+;

l

‘1

,.

t

l

h 9‘

., l

_ . ‘





 





DEC. 5. 1914.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





Open Front Poultry Houses.





 





writer is a crank on the subject

of fresh air housing of poultry,

but I am sure that if they ever expect

to make much of a success in the

poultry business they must eventually

think to a large extent the same way.





SOME people seem to think the





It took me quite a while to be con:





vinced, and only after years of care-

ful and unbiased experiments.



I have visited many poultry farms,

both large and small, and state ex-

periment stations in various parts of

the country. One thing most‘ notice-

able was thechange in the design of

poultry houses. At almost every farm

visited the owner was full of enthusi-

asm as soon as the subject of fresh

air housing of poultry was mentioned

and every experiment station was de-

signing some kind of fresh air house

for poultry. All agreed that that type

of house was the most satisfactory

and most economical in cost of con-

struction.



Fresh Air Houses Popular.



I have, been a fresh air convert for

about the last five years, when this

idea was just beginning to rapidly

gain popularity, although it was orig-

inated several years before that time.

I have planned and built during the

last five years more than three dozen

poultry houses, both large and small,

and every blessed one of them was of

the fresh air style and design,



Last year we put up a large laying





litter. The windows and ventilators

are also kept open wide, thus afford-

ing most excellent ventilation during

the hot summer days and yet prevent-

ing the rain from beating in to any

great extent during a thunder storm.

Then there is also a ventilator exactly

similar to the one in front, in the

rear of the house also near the roof.

This is opened during the spring and

summer and you will be surprised

what most excellent ventilation you

will then have in your house, keeping

it cool and pleasant at all times. This

ventilator is kept Closed tight in the

winter, of course, the tighter the

better.





Remodeling Old Buildings to Conform-





with Open Front Plan.



Those putting up a new building can

do no better than follow this design,

because it has been proven a most

successful house» all over the Union.

Wherever you find these houses, and

you find them all over, the owner is

Well pleased with them. Although I

do not wish to go on record as saying

that they are faultless, yet I am posi-

tive they are as perfect a shelter of

poultry as any style designed up to

the present time.



To those who are not going to build

a new house, I would strongly advise

remodeling all of their old buildings

by putting in a front similar to the

one described above. You will never

regret it if you do. As long as the





 





 





 





A Good Type of Open-front House.





house 16x160 feet, built upon the com-

bination front style, glass, cloth and

wood, properly termed the fresh air

house design. This year we are put-

ting up another large laying house, 16

x130 feet of the same design. We

have been doing this for the last five

years, which is a good indication that

they must be giving satisfaction.

Description of House.



This style of house is so construct-

ed that almost one-half of the front is

arranged so that by a slight operation

the windows and curtains can be op-

ened, hence opening the house to the

fresh outside air. There is also a

large ventilator in the front, near the

roof, running the entire length of the

house. Then there are the large rec-

tangular openings running with the

length of the house, these are covered

with one-inch poultry netting and a

hinged frame covered with muslin so

that fresh air can get in whether it is

closed or not. It is open pretty near

all the time, excepting on severe win-

ter nights and days. There are also

rectangular openings running parallel

with the house, which are for win-

dows hinged so they will open toward

the outside. When the curtains are

down during some severe winter days,

the sun will still be able to shine into

the interior through the glass win-

dows. During the summer the cur-

tains can be moved on the outside to

open up, as they are all hinged with

loose pin-butt hinges. In this way they

supply shade and prevent the rain

from beating in and moistening the





other three ends are air tight it does

not matter much, as good results

will be had.



Take a hammer and saw and cut an

opening for a curtain frame to be cov-

ered with unbleached muslin, if‘ you

do not have too many Windows it it

as it is. If you have, then replace

some of the glass windows with mus-

lin-covered frames. You want to al-

low about one square foot of cloth

curtain to 14 square feet of floor space

and one square foot of glass to 16

square feet of floor space.



You will find this investment one of

the best you have ever made, consi-

dering satisfaction and financial point

of View.



New York. F. W. KAZMEIER.





MANNER OF FEEDING POULTRY.





Some poultrymen feed the right

foods, but do not get eggs simply be-

cause the different foods are not fed

in the right proportion. On most

farms the hens are fed too much

grain. The ordinary grains of the

farm are deficient in protein, the food

element that enters largely into the

formation of eggs. Unless foods rich

in protein are fed in addition to the

grain, the hens will lay few eggs. To

make eggs the hens must be supplied

the proper foods in the proper pro-



Indiana. T. Z. RICHEY.





 





See our low clubbing offers on page

518 and save the price of the Michi-

gan Farmer for three years.





Get the Eggs NOW

While Prices are High





GILBERT HESS. Doctor oi Veterinary Science. Doctor of Medicine





 





 





 





Dr. Hess

Stock Tonic





Your cows, horses

and hogs are pretty

apt to get out of fix

during winter. be-

cause grain, hay and

fodder do not contain

the natural laxatives

and tonics so abun-

dantly su plied in

grass. Lact of exer-

cise is another thing

that retards good

health.





Dr. l-Iess Stock Tonic

contains tonics that

improve the appetite

and tone up the diges-

tion, laxatives for

regulating thebowels

and vermifuges thal

will positively expel

worms. I guarantee

it. 25-lb pail $1.60;

loo-lb. sack $5.00;

smaller packages as

low as 50c (except in

Canada. the far West

and the South).





Dr. Hess

Instant

Louse Killer





Kills lice on poultry

and all farm stock.

Dust the hens and

chicks with it, sprinkle

it on the roosts, in the

cracks, orif kept in the

dust bath, the hens

will distribute it. Also

destroys bugs on

cucumber, squash and

melon vines, cabbage

worms etc. slugs on

rose bushes, etc.

Comes in hand sift-

ing-top cans, 1 l . 250;

3 bs. 30c (except in

Canada and the ar

West). {guarantee it.





 





in





 





 





 

 

 





 





peddlers. 1





ents, also





11-499





I .





 





 





. -_-or=~n~ PM“





 





This is the time of the year when the price of eggs

is high and your hens ought to .be making up for

the small egg crop during moulting.



But hens need a tonic during the winter months, because the

lack of exercise and green stuff and also close confinement

impairs the digestion, makes the system sluggish and the e g

organs dormant. With the knowledge I have gained in a 1i e-

time experience as a veterinarian, doctor of medicine and

successful poultry raiser, I have succeeded in compound-

ing a seientific pre aration that will make poultry healthy,

make hens lay and eep the egg organs vigorous and active.





Dr. Hess Poultry

PAN-A-CE-A





contains ingredients for toning up the digestive system and

enriching the blood. It also contains tonics for toning u

the dormant egg organs and making hens lay, internal anti-

septics for Breventing and remedying gapes and other ail-

one and shell forming ingredients. Every single

ingredient in my Pan-a-ce-a (printed on every package)

bears the recommendation of the U. S. Dispensatory and

other high authorities.





New read this carefully:





So sure am I that Dr. liess Poultry Pan-area will make your m

poultry healthy and make your hens lay that I have authorized

my dealer in your town to supply you with enough ior your

flock, and ii it does not do as I claim, return the empty pack-

ages and not your money back. Buy now on that guarantee. ' w





Sold only by reputable dealers whom you know, never by



.. lbs. 25c ' 5 lbs. 60c; 25-1b. pail $2.50 (except in

Canada and the far West). Pan-a-ce-a costs only 1c per

day for 30 fowl.

My new poultry book tells all about Pan-a-ce-a.





DR. HESS & CLARK, Ashland, Ohio





It’s free.





 





 





 





to us





return goods to you PREPAID.

be here.





WANTED ' Every person in Michigan who has a

. Fur





that needs to be Repaired, Relined or Remodeled to know that





The Blissfield Robe & Tanning Company,





Blissiiei





1 does this work and does it right. Send your Fur Garments

at our expense. If our price is not satisfactory we





Send for





Coat, Robe or Set of Furs





d, Michigan,





Cold weather will soon

free Catalogue.





 





 





TH Sm KE

POULTRY

PROFITS





FR E





THIS famous



. Old Trusty book



_ has started 680,000 eople making

poultry profits. Theg



no untried experiment in chicken



If‘ the Old Trusty isn't all



that's prormsed we trade back. An





OLD TRUSTY





' ‘ "’ 10 years.

Makes big hatches

Shipped _on 80 to 90

days trial. Order

shipped day received.

Write for Bi. fro- Boot.





M. M. Johnson co.

Bil, Center. Iii.





raising.





in coldest weather.





YTO





 





Than





 





 

 

 





ohnsons offer





3"





 





 





 





 





'. ' suoonss WITH POULTRY. Our book

. on how to feed for:





 

 

 





terms and (owls. It is worth dollars to you.

Sent; for ten cents cash or stem pa. We are

p the largest breeders of poultry in the world



‘ United Poultry Farms, Box 42 Hope, Ind.





refit has description of

Plans; pictures of our





 





40 years

strong, ri

years of

of heavy





 

 

 





 





A





.\ CrownBone Cutter





,1..—

I'll

A1," I .

. l -- ' BEST m



:4.‘ , ‘J FEED your hens cut green L . ADE



\L‘m ‘ l)one and got more eggs. , 0“ (,5 I

’ With a Crown Bone Cuttev in price

you can cut up all scrap bones

easily Ind quickly, and without any trouble, and have cut 130110

fresh eyerv day for your poultry. Send nt oucEfArié free catalog





WILSON BROS., Box 251. ON. PA'





PFILE’S 85 VA RIETIE8

farm-raised Land and Water-Fowls. Eggs

in season. Illus. Catalogue. and “Grower's

Guide," 2c. An honest deal. Write



. HENRY PFILE, Farmer-

Poultryman. Box 676. Freeport. Ill.





LEARN AUCTIONEERING





at. World’s Greatest School and become independent

with no capital invested. Write today for free catalog.

Term opens December 7th. Every brunch of the

business taught. Jones Nnt'l School of Auctioneering

28 N. Sacramento Blvd., Chicago, Ill. Curey M. Jones, Prel





 





   





 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





Railway Mail Clerks, Clerk-Carriers and Rural Oar

riers wanted. I ctionduct’. Examinations. can help

you. Trial Examination Free. Uzment. 17 R, St. Louis.





Michigan White Cedar





FENCE POSTS





GEORGE M. CHANDLER. Onaway. Mich.





WHITE CEDAR FENCE POSTS-Will't“;





Cedar Fence Posts. 7 ft... 8 it., and 10 ft.. len he.

Special attention given to former club orders. rite

for prices and terms. F. G. COWLEY. Oscodn. Mich.





 





 





. EETON‘ , (701)





y .

the Standard. Mode

gid and simple to stand ' l

hard service. Frame

barsteel;orhard-wood. ~ /’





braced and bolted. N ou-heuting. sell-adjusting boxes.

Make money sowing wood this winter

Your time and an Appleton wood-saw could bring you a

big profit. Get booklet showing 10 styles for all put-posse

-—nl Apploton quality. Ask for our engine catalo too.

Appleton Manufacturing. Co.. 620 Farm: St. Bot-vie. Igloo“





 





l

l
500—12" ‘





 





The Michigan Farmer





Established 1843. Copywright 1914.





The Lawrence Publishing Co.





Editors and Proprietors.





39 to 45 Congress St. West, Detroit .Michigan

TELEPHONE MAIN 4525. -



NEW YORK OFFICE—41 Park Row.



CHICAGO OFFC E—604 Advertising Building.



CLEVELAND OFFIOE—lOll-IOIS Oregon Ave.. N. E.



PHILADELPHIA OFFICE—214—218 Twelfth St.





M, J. LAWRENCE. .................................... President

M. L. LAWRENCE..................... ..... Vice—President

E. H. HOUGHTON -------------------- Sec.-Treas,





I. R. WATERBURY ................................. }





 





 





 





\





BURT WERMUTH ...................................

F. A. WILKEN ........................................ "

ALTA LAWSON LITTELL ........................





Assoicate

Editors





 





 





E. H. HOUGHTON -------------------------- Business Manager

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:



One year, 52 issues .......................................... 50 cents



Three years. 156 issues ....................................... $1.00



Five years 260 issues ............................................ 1,50





All sent postpaid.

Canadian subscriptions 50c a year extra for postage.

Always send money by draft. postofi‘icc money order.

registered letter or by express. We will not be responsible

for money sent in letters. Address all communications to.

and make all drafts checks and postoffice orders payable to.

The Lawrence Publishing Co.





 





We never, unless through error. send The Michigan

Farmer beyond the date subscribed to—our subscription price

being always due in advance. and sample copies always free.

No bills will ever be sent should a subscription through

error be continued after expiration,





 





RATES OF ADVERTISING:





40 cents per line agate type measurement. or $5.60 per

inch (14 agate lines per inch) per insertion. No adv't in

serted for less than $1.20 each insertion. No objection-

able advertisements inserted at any price.



Entered as second class matter at the Detroit. Michigan.

postoffice.





DETROIT, DEC. 5, 1914.





A FEW LEADING ARTICLES OF

THE WEEK.





 





 





 





 





 





Organization for Community We!-

fare—The fifth of 52 special art-

icles to be published in consecu-

tive issues ..................... 489





The Farm Labor Problem.—The

views of a hired man on this im-

portant rural question .......... 491



Balancing Accounts with Dairy

Cows.—-How a government dem-

onstration taught farmers to ex—

ercise greater care in the selec-

tion of dairy animals ............ 493



Foot-and-Mouth Disease.—An illus—

trated article dealing with this

scourge among the live stock of

our state and country ........... 495



Open Front Poultry House.——A de-

scription of this type of poultry

house and the principles involved

in its construction ............. 499



Prize Baby Contest—An opportu-

nity to enter your baby in a con-

test to determine the most per-

fect one ....................... 507



A Successful Marketing Associa-

tion.——How potato growers at

Greenville are securing better

prices for potatoes ......... ....510





..





MUCH FOR LITTLE!



Much in the way of value received

for a very little investment in money

is better than “something for noth-

ing” sometimes ostensibly offered by

publishers to secure subscribers, but

always with a string tied to it. Those

who have been regular readers of the

Michigan Farmer will, we believe, con-

cede that thcy' have received much

in real vaIUe for the little sum which

they invested in a subscription. But

we propose to give them more in real

value for still less money in the fu-

ture—if they subscribe for three or

more years. These plans were made

before the outbreak of the European

war, which has resulted in a marked

advance in price of many materials

used in the making of a paper, and its

continuation may force an advance in

subscription prices. But for the pres-

ent we are adhering to plans already

made and on’ page 519 of this issue

will be found an announcement of a.





 





special inducement to subscribers who,





renew early this month. In addition

to the seasonable matter always found

in the several departments of the

Michigan Farmer, we are this year

publishing a series of special articles

on carefully selected subjects. Some

of these have already appeared in our

November issues, and will be contin-

ued, one each week, for the entire





 





' T H E M rc‘H'I G A N F‘A: R M BR;





farmers will find it profitable to” own

automobiles.



As to the financial ability of the

farmers‘of the country to supply their

needs in this regard there can be no





year.- These special topics, yet to be

presented are as follows:





Agricultural Co-operation in Europe.

Farming as a. Business.



Farming without Live Stock.

Possibilities and Limitations of the



County Agricultural Bureau.



The Inside of the Grain Market.

Bacteriology and the Farmer.

Growing and Selling Certified Seed



Potatoes.



Benefits of Breeders’ Associations in



Michigan.



The Relation of Chemistry to Agri-

culture.

Laws Relating to the



Rights of Women.



Tree Surgery.



The Emergency Medicine Chest.



The Undeveloped Agricultural Pos-

sibilities'of Michigan.



Home Canning for the Fancy Trade.



The Field Pea 'in Michigan Agricul-

ture.



The Farm Cost of Dairy Products.



The Secret of a Successful Farm



Life.



Canning Factory Crops for the Gen.

eral Farmer.

Growing and Marketing the Draft



Horse.



Rural Sanitation.



Small Fruit for the Average Farmer.

Poultry as a Factor in Farm Profits.

Mechanical Helps in the Home.

The Truth About Ginseng.



. High School Agricultural Education.

The County Y. M. C. A. Movement.

The Development of City Markets.

The Place of Soy Beans in Michi-



gan Agriculture.



Horse Breeding as a Side Line.

Bee Keeping for the General



Farmer.



Cowpeas as a Forage Crop.

Baby Beef as a Specialty.

Getting Results from Spraying.

Vetch as a Soil Builder.

Training the Colts.



The Development of the Apple Mar-



ket. ‘

Peach Growing as a Specialty.

Methods of a Michigan Woman in





Property





Gardening.

The Gasoline Engine for Farm

Work.





The Outlook for Michigan’s Stock

Feeding Industry.



Essentials of Concrete Construction.



The Renovation of Old Orchards.



The Farmer’s Banking Problem.



Production Costs on the Average

Farm.



The Economic Relation of Wild Life

to Agriculture.



Storage Crops on the Farm.



Rural Recreation.





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





Approximately one

The Automobile and a half million

on the Farm. automobiles have

been sold in the Uni-

ted States since 1902, when the busi-

ness began to assume commercial im-

portance. Most of this vast number

of machines are still in use in some

capacity. Of this number it is esti-

mated that almost 50 per cent are

owned by farmers. That this percent-

age is bound to increase rapidly each

year is an inevitable conclusion reach-

ed from an analysis of the, conditions

surrounding the trade. '

Making a reasonable allowance for

the comparatively small number of

machines which have been “scrapped”

up to the present time, it would ap‘

pear from these figures that there is

now one automobile in use for each 70

or 80 people in the country. The pro-

portionate number of farmers now

owning automobiles is probably as

high as the proportion of our urban

population owning machines, but this

proportion has increased much more

rapidly in the country during recent

years. This is thenatural result of a

widerutility use of the automobile on

the farm. than Iiythe"city owner, -With

an increased development of good

roads such use will be still further

extended and an increased number of





doubt. There are. nearly six and

one-third million farms in the United

States, with an average value 'as





shown by United States census fig-,





ures, of $6,444. It is not inconceiv-

able that ultimately an automobile of

some kind will be included in the

equipment of the average farm, since

the utility value of a such a machine

is undoubtedly greater on the average

farm than in the business of the av-

erage urban resident. But that is a

long way in the future. It is,‘ how-

ever, a reasonable assumption that at

least one-third of the farmers of the

country are better able to add an au-

tomobile to their equipment right now

than is the. average city man owning

a machine to maintain such a luxury.

To supply this proportion of farmers

with machines would require a larger

number than the entire aggregate of

sales in this country duringthe dozen

or more years which have marked the

development of the industry. In the

meantime a considerable number of

machines will be required to replace

the older and less efficient types which

were slips in the development of the

present-day machine, besides an urban





demand of still considerable propor-»





tions.



That few of these older and less

efficient types of machines are farm

owned is proof of the fact that farm-

ers are practical men in the buying of

automobiles as well as other equip-

ment. They awaited the development

of utility types of automobiles before

buying. But with the development of

dependable machines with a high util-

ity value, they have become liberal





buyers. And where utility and pleas-

ure ca be combined, as is the case

with t automobile on the farm, the





largest future market for automobiles

will be found.





The farm and not





An Important An- thé experiment





nouncement. station is the final

court of appeal in

matters pertaining to agriculture.





This fact is being more generally rec-

ognized today among agricultural

scientists and leaders in rural ad-

vancement and reform. It frequently

happens that’results obtained under

experimental conditions cannot be

duplicated upon the farm. On the

other hand, practical farmers fre-

quently gain information about the

growing and marketing of crops that

escapes the attention of persons work-

ing under ideal conditions. It was

with this in mind that a survey of

commercial apple orcharding in Mich-

igan was worked out by gathering to-

gether the experiences and opinions of

the most progressive orchardists in

the state. The survey was made under

the. auspices of the Michigan Experi-

ment Station by John W. Fisher, Jr.,

formerly located at the Agricultural

College, but now connected with the

Ofi'ice of Markets in the United States

Department of Agriculture. The sur-

vey continued over a period of two

years, and there were 177 complete

sets of answers made. Besides this

work among the growers 200 commis-

mission men on the markets of the

middle west were questioned to ascer-

tain the most profitable varieties to

plant as seen from the marketing

standpoint. The commission men were

most generous in giving out informa-

tion that would help growers in the

selection of varieties. Mr. Fisher has

just been'engaged to write for The

Farmer a series of articles cover-

ing the entire range of the survey he

has made. These articles will appear

alternately in the Farm Commerce and

the Horticultural Department of this

journal. 5 The ‘ first of the? series will

appearkin .next- weeks issue, and will

give the opinion Of 177 of the, fore-

most orchardists of the state on the

relative merits of the box and barrel





J ,





‘- ' Disc? 5; 1914’.”





as package's best suited to Michigan





apples. .This will be followed by‘a

discussion ‘on the ten best varieties of

apples for the commercial orchardlst

to plant in this” state. -Not only will

the views of growers be given but the





opinion of commission-men and deal-'.





ers will also be weighed.“ Other sub--

jects will be dealt with in succeeding

issues. TheMichigan Farmer has se-

cured the exclusive rights to the pub-

lication of the entire series. We are

positive that this. survey as reported

in this series; will appeal not only to

the man who produces apples exclu-

sively, but also to the general farmer

who may have only a small orchard,

and to every person who contemplates

the planting of apple trees.





LEGAL QUESTIONS ANSWERED.





 





For the accommodation of our sub-

scribers, we have arranged with Mr.

Allan Campbell, a competent attorney,

to answer legal inquiries for our sub-

scribers. For this service a fee of 25

cents for each question will be charg-

ed to insure that only questions of

importance will be asked. This will

bring a personal letter of advice from

the attorney, to whom the questions

are referred. Address Legal Depart‘

ment, Michigan Farmer, Detroit, Mich.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





The European Wan—Great confus-

ion characterizes the war reports for

the past week. There appears, how-

ever, to have. been a great confiict on

in Russian Poland, and the reports

give the Russians credit for one of the

most decisive victories of the war

thus far. It seems that a large por.

tion of the German forces was prac-

tically surrounded by the Slavs. The

losses around Lodz is stated to be

particularly heavy. It is estimated

that 6,000,000 men are engaged along

the line of battle in western Russia.

eastern Germany and Austria. The

Russians are also reported to be oc-

cupying the passes of the Carpathian

Mountains, and are therefore better

situated to complete the conquest of

Galicia than they have been at any

time sinée hostilities began. Scarcely

any offensive work has been under-

taken by either side in the western

war zone. The Germans have ap«

parently been working to establish

themselves on the coast of the

North Sea, but through the efforts of

the Belgian forces, assisted by the

British and French and the British

navy, this work has not been success-

ful. It is the belief of war experts

that German troops have been with-

drawn from the west to engage in the

greater conflict now on in the east.

Reports from Geneva, Switzerland.

state that 101 trains of 50 cars each

conveyed artillery and cavalry from

tFlanders to the German eastern fron-

1er.



, Affairs in Mexico remain unsettled.

Late advices state that Gen. Gonzales,

one of Carranza’s divisional chiefs,

has proclaimed himself provisional

president of Mexico and has named

a cabinet. He holds a position north

of Mexico City, and has a force of

8,000 men.



An earthquake occurred last Friday

in western Greece and the Ionian Is-

lands. Twenty-three persons were

killed and 125 acres of land inun-

dated.



South American countries have pro-

posed to the United States a conven-

tion providing for the Withdrawal of

belligerent warships from waters of

the western hemisphere. This propo-

sition has been concurred in by the

neutral countries of EurOpe, especially

the Scandinavian and Dutch kingdoms

which have suffered most from the

present war.



. National.



According to the Bureau of Foreign

Commerce our trade with Germany

during October this year was less

than one-half of what it was a year

ago, while our trade with Great Brit-

ain has remained about normal. The

same authority notes that American

trade with Russia .has increased since

the war broke out, while our sales to

Japan have declined.



The New York Stock Exchange op-

ened last Saturday for the first time

since the outbreak of the European

war. By reason of the fact that the

New Yerk Exchange was the last to‘





close and among the first -to open, ‘the:

:financial position of this country is,-





considered very encouraging. , . .

The breakwater at Ludingto’n, Mich-,3

has been finished. This work’w’as‘beéf

gun by the federal government six

years ago. This $1,000,000 harbor is the

greatest breakwater on the eastern.

shore of Lake Michigan. ' ‘





V/
. . “‘4...”





 





 





 





.1 LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY one

[NFORMATION





 





 





 





l

l

i





 





 





‘





a





 





{Dre FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?)

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





Ihis Magazine Section forms a part of our paper every week. Every article is writtten especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere.





 





WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES.





 





 





British Hospital Ship Wrecked Off English Coast





 





 





A"; .





 





Copyright by Underwood & Underwood. N. Y. Copyright by Underwood & Underwood. N. Y.

Flooded Ypres Canal where German Soldiers Met their Doom.





 





 





 





 





Copyright by Underwood & Underwood N. Y. (fiollyrigllt hy Underwood & L‘nderwmul. N. Y.





The Smoke in the Background is from a Shell which Has Just Exploded. Street Scene in Nieuport Showing the Work of German Shells.





 





Q





 





 





 





 





 





Copyright by Underwood & Underwood. N. Y. Copyright by Underwood & Underwood. N. Y.





German Captives and thelr Belgian Captor: Resting in a Wheat Field. ' Belgians Planting Machine Gun in Beet Field to Repulse German Attack.





. . ,_.._.,.__.-.._~-_...-»__......___. mm,. . .





'Magazine Section

' ," 5"





 





' v *m-zw-wm'zv
502514





The Versatility





 





THE MICHIGANTFATRMER‘





of the Pioneer.





By WILLIAM VERNON. '





VER against the picture of the



humdrum life of the average



factory man, who must ever be

an employe, always subject to the

domination of someone higher up,

whether foreman or superintendent,

always machine-like, and holding ten-

ure of his job on the condition of mak-

ing money for someone else rather

than himself, I wish to depict the life

of the agriculturist, and especially the

pioneer as a contrast.



In so doing I take as a type one

Jacob Bunion, whom I met several

years ago in the state of Minnesota.

This man stands out in my mind as

one who will typify the lives of thou-

sands who have made this land what

it is, and it is my desire to pay a mer-

ited tribute to the men and women

who, like Jacob Runion and his faith-

ful wife, met and solved the perplex-

ing conditions that confronted the

early settlers of our country.





Jacob Runion was a native of Can-

ada and born to people of little prop-

erty who were obliged to work out

their own success in fortune—making,

if fortune-making may be. considered

success. He inherited little else than

a strong physique and capacity for

hard manual labor. He was appren-

ticed to a blacksmith and completed

the trade shortly before the period of

our war between the states. He mar-

ried and with his young wife started

for our west, settling in middle Min—

nesota. He took up his claim and

started upon the most interesting of

human occupations, that of home-mak-

ing. He cut down the trees, built his

log cabin, cleared a small portion of

his land, for the home acre to furnish

the vegetables and fruits for their ta-

ble. The furniture for the cabin was

also of his own handiwork. His tools

were largely of his own fabrication,

for like the hero of the Finnish epic,

who set up his forge in the intestines

of the dead magician, so did Jacob

Bunion set up his forge in the wilds

of Minnesota, and there forge the

things of frontier necessity. He hunt-

ed for food, and his rifle brought meat

when domestic meat could not be had.

He laid tribute upon the streams and

made them also provide the fish. He

tanned the hides and made the leath-

er for harness and for boots. He made

these things from the leather he had

made and so clothed his growing fam-

ily. The barns were easily construct—

ed by himself aided by neighbors who

were in turn helped in their own build-

ing enterprises, as payment.



So far their only opposition had

been from the stern conditions of a

new land in a rigorous climate, and

these were as nothing to these two

hopeful, healthful young people. These

were well nigh conquered when, as

though the fates had not sufficiently

tried this strong man, a new, a fear-

ful danger threatened. Rumors came

of an uprising of the Indians, who had

theretofore been quite friendly. Ru-

mor became certainty and Jacob Run-

ion with his wife and their you;g

children, hurriedly abandoned their

hard Won home, and with their team

and few articles of necessity, hasten-

ed to the nearest settlement, Hutchin-

son. Here they found others who,

like them, had hurried to gather to-

gether for safety.



These farmers became soldiers. Mil-

itary organization was effected with

a loss of no time, for necessity was

the spur. With them, arms were as

familiar as the tools of their toil, in

fact, arms were tools of daily toil in

this country. Trees were cut down,

a Stockade built, and within was gath-

ered the wagons and families of the

threatened pioneers. The women cook-

ed over open fires, the children romp-

ed and played, and the men stood at

the loopholes and held off a thousand





maddened reds.‘ For- many days it

was a matter of extreme uncertainty

who would win, but these men won, as

they had always won, when difliculties

opposed them. They fought the hu-

man enemy as they had fought the

elements, had fought the stubborn

soil, they fought for life, for their

wives and children, and they succeed-

ed. They won out after a long period

of uncertainty. They went back to

their claims, and Jacob Runion found

that his buildings had been burned

and whatever was 'combustible had

been sacrificed. He went at it again,

and so great was the recuperative en.

ergy of this man and his wife, that

they soon had better homes for them-

selves and their stock than ever be-

fore. Besides they felt more secure,

for they had a double title, that of

conquest added to that which the gov-

ernment granted. This clearing was

theirs by every right that has given

sanction to land titles from the most

primitive times.



But now their children were grow-

ing up and their future became the

care of the parents, and soon after-

wards we find them selling out and

going on to the more frontier-like por-

tions of the state. When I met Jacob

Runion he lived in the wheat belt and

his children were men and women. He

had his little farm, and was taking a

restful season from his arduous life,

He had studied land surveying and

was in demand as a “timber cruiser.”

He had taken up as a pastime ama-





311]”lillIll[IllIIllllllllllllllllllllIHIIIHHHHIIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllii HHllHIllHHllllIlllIllIllllllHIIIHlllllllllllllllll”Hilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllIllIlllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllHlll lg





Winston of the Prairie





BY HAROLD BINDLOSS.





teur photography, and was fond of ex-

hibiting-his pictures. He was intelli-

gent and 'talked- with interest at the

great questions of the day and his

discriminating mind seldom failed to

see the right side. He had a fund of

knowledge that he had gained from

observation, a “knowledge never

learned of schools.” He would have

been a study for John‘Burroughs, or

Ernest Thompson, and neither had as

much wood lore as this man of the

woods. '





On a later visit to northwestern

Minnesota, I found that he had gone

on further west; this time taking his

children and grandchildren, or rather

being taken by them, he had gone on

into the Canadian Northwest, where

they hoped to find a more ample coun-

try to be taken up by the now numer-

ous family of three generations.





This is the plain and brief’story of

a pioneer, and it is given here to show

how hallowed are many of the farms

by the sacrifice of our fathers. Jacob

Runion, unknown to the historian, un-

sung by the poet, a name new to ev-

ery reader of this paper, typifies the

best products of our republic. Compar-

ed with this man, the name of many

a captain of industry sinks into insig-

nificance, when the real achievements

of their respective lives are scrutiniz-

ed, and when the true mettle and

worth of our pioneers are recognized,

then will we give to the farms they

cleared, and the homes they made, a

higher value and with this will come

reluctance to surrender these places

into the hands of the newly arrived

emigrant from Europe who are so fast

becoming the land owningelement in

our population.





 





lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll'lll





Copyrighted by Frederick A. Stokes Company.





HillllI]llllllililHillillllllllllililllllllllll—





ailllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHHImlllllHHHIHHHHHHlllllllHHIllllllllllIHIlmllmulllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllr=re

Synopsis of Previous Chapters.

Farmer Winston, a bankrupt homesteader, accepts a proposal to simu-





late Lance Courthorne, an adventurer.





Courthorne and his pals struggle





with the police, kill Trooper Shannon, who leaves evidence pointing to Win

ston as the murderer, and smuggle through some illegal distillery products.

To Silverdale, a settlement founded by Colonel Barrington, Maud Barring-





ton, his niece and ward, has just returned from Montreal.





The Colonel is





worried over a fall in wheat prices, and also over the coming of Lance

Courthorne, Miss Barrington’s cousin, to Silverdale to claim a share of his





father’s estate.

past.





Maud Barrington learns

Winston, in the meantime, pushes on to Montana, is held for Court





more of her cousin’s unsavory





horne by an officer, who discloses to him the belief that Winston is the





murderer of Shannon.





Mail for Courthorne is opened by Winston. Comply-





ing with instructions in the letter, he meets and confers with a lawyer re<





specting Courthorne’s inheritance at Silverdale, visits the colony.





Some





of his actions fail to tally with Courthorne’s reputation. He wins the good

will of Dane, the Colonel’s adviser. The real Courthorne, supposed to have





been drowned during the smuggling, now reappears





in Montana, meets





Ailly Blake, whose life he had blighted and Who is now engaged to one





Potter, rancher.





Winston, returning from Winnipeg, finds Miss Barrington





at one MacDonald’s, and in an attempt to reach Silverdale they are caught

in a blizzard. The night is spent at a lonely building and the following





day they reach home through the heroic efforts of Winston.





Miss Barring-





ton promises Winston to sow her land to wheat .the following spring. He

in due season, begins planting operatlons 1n splte of the Colonel’s adverse





criticism.



CHAPTER XII.——(Continued).



Maud Barrington, had seen his ges-



ture, and something in that thought

that impelled it, as well as the almost

statuesque pose of his thinly—clad fig-

ure, appealed to her. Courthorne as

farmer, with the damp clean effort on

his forehead and the stain of the good

soil that would faithfully repay it on

his garments, had very little in com-

mon with the profligate and gambler.

Vaguely she wondered whether he

was not working. out his own redemp-

tion by every wheat furrow torn from

the virgin prairie, and then again the

doubt crept in. Could this man have

ever found pleasure in the mire?

‘ “You will plow your holding,

Lance?” asked the elder lady, who

had not answered his last speech yet,

but meant to later.



“Yes,” said the man. “All I can.

It’s a big venture, and, if it fails, will

—cripple me, but I seem to feel, apart

from any reason I can discern, that

wheat is going up again, and I must

go through with this plowing. Of

course, it does not sound very sen-

sible.” _



Miss Barrington looked at him





gravely, for there was a curious and

steadily tightening bond between the

two. “It depends upon what you mean

by sense. Can we reason out all we

feel, and is there nothing, intangible

but real, behind the impulses which

may be sent to us?”



“Well,” said Winston, with a little

smile,” that is a trifle too deepfor

me, and it’s difficult to think of any-

thing but the work I have to do. But

you were the first at Silverdale to hold

out a hand to me~and I have a feel-

ing that your good wishes would go a

long way now. Is it altogether fan-

tastic to believe that the good-will of

my first friend would help to bring me

prosperity ?”



The white-haired lady's eyes grew

momentarily soft, and, with a gravity

that did not seem out of place, she

moved forWard and laid her hand on a

big horse’s neck, and smiled when the

dumb beast responded to her gentle

touch. .



“It is a good work,” she said.

“Lance, there is more than dollars, or

the bread that somebody is needing,

behind what you. are doing, and be-

cause I loved your mother I know how





m. 5, 1914.





her approval would have followed you.

And now sow in hope, and God speed

your plow!” ‘





She turned away almost abruptly,

‘and Winston stood still with one hand





closed tightly "and "a' little deeper tint

in the bronze of his face, sensible at

once of an unchanged resolution and

a horrible degradation. Then he saw

that the Colonel had helped Miss Bar«

rington into the saddle and her niece

was speaking. ,



“I have something to ask Mr. Court-

horne and will overtake you,’ she said.



The others rode on, and the girl

turned to Winston. “I made you a

promise and did my best to keep it,

but I find it harder than I fancied it

would be," she said. “I want you to

release me.”



“I. should like to hear your rea-

sons,” said Winston.



The girl made a faint gesture of im-

patience. “Of course, if you insist.”



“I do,” said Winston quietly. '





“Then I promised you to have my

holding sown this year, and I am still

willing to do so, but though my uncle

makes no protest, I know he feels my

opposition very keenly, and it hurts

me horribly.

are the worst to bear, you know, and

now Dane and some of the others are

following your lead, it is painful to





feed that I am taking part with them





against the man who has always been

kind to me.”



“And you would prefer to be loyal

to Colonel Barrington, even if it costs

you a good deal?”



“Of course,” said Miss Barrington.

“Can you ask me?”



Winston saw the sparkle

eyes and the half-contemptuous pride

in the poise of the shapely head. Loy-

alty, it was evident, was not a figure

of speech with her, but he felt that he

had seen enough and turned his face

aside.



“I knew it would be difficult when I

asked,” he said. “Still, I cannot give

you back the promise. We are going

to see a great change this year, and I

have set my heart on making all I can

for you.”



“But why should you?" asked Maud

Barrington, somewhat astonished that

she did not feel more angry.



“Well,” said Winston gravely, “I

may tell you by and by, and in the

meanwhile you can set it down to

vanity. This may be my last venture

atSilverdale, and I want to make it a

big success.”



The girl glanced at him sharply, and

it was because the news caused her

an unreasOnable concern that there

was a trace of irony in her voice.



“Your last venture! Have 'we been

unkind to you, or does it imply that,

as you once insinuated, an exemplary

life becomes monotonous?”





Winston laughed. “No. I should like

to stay here—a very long while,” he

said, and the girl saw he spoke the

truth, as she watched him glance wist-

fully at the splendid teams, great

plows, and rich black soil. In fact,

strange as it may appear, it will be

virtue, given the rein for once, that

drives me out when I go away.”



“But where are you going to?”



Winston glanced vaguely across the

prairie, and the girl was puzzled by

the look in his eyes. “Back to my

own station,” he said softly, as though

to himself, and then turned with a lit-

tle shrug of his shoulders. “In the

meanwhile there is a good deal to do,

and once more. I am sorry I cannot re-

lease you.”



“Then, thereis an end of it. You

cannot expect me to beg you to, so we

will discuss the practical difficulty. I

cannot, under the circumstances, bor-

row my uncle’s teams, and I am 'told

I have not sufficient men or horses to

put a large crop in.”



“Of course!” said Winston quietly.

“Well, I have now the best teams and

machines on this part of the prairies,

and I am bringing Ontario men in—I

will do the plowing—and, if it will



. (Continued on page 504).





Unspoken reproaches~





in her
.gzr‘f‘lx ”i





DEC. 5, 1914.





How These Peop





By CARL SCHURZ LOWDEN





HE saving (if money is an art



that most persons acquire only



after a number of adverse and

unfortunate experiences. Benjamin

Franklin Said: “Experience is a dear

school but fdols will learn in no oth-

er.” We may not fully agree with the

sage that created Poor Richard and

his wonderful maxims, but if Franklin

did not hit the nail on the head he

came very close to it. Experience is

a great help in the acquiring of the

art of saving.



To most of us keeping an account

book implies too much drudgery. We

may get a new book, start off nicely

and do very well for a time, but after

a while we permit the work to lapse

and finally discard it altogether with

a great feeling of relief.





There is no single rule of saving

that will fit everybody. Usually a sys-

tematic and well-directed effort will

conquer the “bogie” of excessive ex-

penditure. System is the key, for

without it there can be no plan, and

the work will be haphazard. Adopt a

plan and stick to it



I shall tell you how a young school

teacher saved from her salary. She

was able to accomplish her plan only

after repeated effort, but persistence

finally won out and she acquired the

habit of a systematic and regular sav-

ing that placed a big share of her sal-

ary in the banks, whereas before it

had slipped through her fingers and

apparently done nonobdy any partic~

ular benefit. When she realized she

was extravagant and a spendthrift,

she set about to right the wrong, and

here is the plan she adopted, told in

her own words:



“After all, in many ways I am more

practicalthan some people I know. I

have managed the saving and spend-

ing proposition satisfactorily. From

my mother I learned how to be eco-

nomical. It is quite an art as there

are many interesting things to be

learned. If one is very careful about

the ‘incidentals’ or the little things

that often make such a big item of ex-

penditure, the outlay for this particu-

lar class will steadily become less and





less.

“Real saving requires a careful

book-keeping system. I regularly put





away one-fourth of my salary. I esti-

mate my expenses for each week and

allot a certain amount to each day. I

spend no more than that amount, no

matter What comes or goes or hap‘

pens. I will not permit myself to vio-

late the rule and I steadfastly refuse

to listen to any temptation that would

lead me to depart from my pre-deter-

mined plan. I stick to it firmly. I

save over from one day to another ex-

tra money from various occasions that

come up unexpectedly.



“I put my savings away first. Then

I lay aside my daily expenses. I have

a reserve box for the money I save

from one day to another and for all

other savings except my regular one-

fourth which I put in the banks im-

mediately and from which fund Idraw

nothing out. I never permit myself to

spend more than the daily allotment.

I usually spend much less and the

margin I religiously place in the re‘

serve box. I always keep an accurate

record of my expenses.



“In beginning to learn to save, one

should eliminate the foolishness that

one can do without. This does not

mean that one should not have a good

time or that he should appear cheap

in any respect. A person can be gen-

erous and liberal when occasion de-

mands, but the 'means for the gener-

osity and the ,liberality absolutely

must come out of the reserve box.



“Of course, there are other‘methods.

This is the one. I. use, ande-find it suc-

cessful: My expenses are small; they





need nothe. otherwise, I save a good-

ly part of my salary, much more than

the one-fourth as the reserve box al-





THE "MICHIGAN FA'RMER





le Saved Money.





ways contains a comfortable surplus.

Where one’s expenses are great by

force of unsurmountable circum-

stances, the proportion that can be

saved is relatively smaller. The secret

of it all is this: put everything on a.

systematic basis.”



This school teacher never saves less

than $300 a year from a salary of $800.

The last time I met her she had se-

cured an increase. She intended to

save $500 that year but I never saw

her afterward to find out whether ‘she

did or did not succeed.



The average young man goes along

in a merry happy-goducky way until

he meets the right girl. Then he stops

stock-still, and does some rapid in-

trospection. He faces the situation.

Can two’people have a happy home

on the money I am making? Can I

save enough money for a start in

housekeeping?



One young man solved the question





after he had spoken frankly to the





girl and she had given himsome help-

ful suggestions. She cross—examined

him carefully in the manner of an at-

torney and ascertained the fact that

he was spending too much for the sup-

posed-to-be little things. For' instance,

he smoked an average of three cigars

daily. She recommended that he cease

paying ten cents each for his cigars,

and that instead he smoke two a day,

a ten-center and a five center. In that

one item there was a saving of one-

half, for he immediately adopted the

plan.



The girl quizzed him further and

found out he spent a lot of money for

magazines. “Don’t do it,” she said,

“go to the public library and read

them there.” She asked him if he

went to the moving-picture shows and

he admitted he went every night of

the week except when he came to see





given to each of the other children on

the marriage date. The young man

has now solved the secret of success-

ful saving. Life has meant much more

for him since he acquired that art

which the right girl disclosed to him,

whenhe frankly confessed his inabil-

ity and the belief that he was a spend-

thrift.



Another way to save is to force

yourself to it. Go in debt, so to speak,

and resolutely pay out. A friend of

mine, whom I will call Bill Smith, did it

in this fashion. He took out life in-

surance policies on which he had to

pay a good-sized premium. He met

the payments becaUSe he had to.

There was no other way out. He

bought some land, paid so much down

and’agreed to pay a certain amount

semi-annually. Bill Smith’s word was

good, and in order to keep his reputa-

tion unsullied he met the payments

promptly. He had to do it. The abil—

ity to obtain credit means a great deal

to any man. If he forfeits his right, if

he gives'men reason to mistrust him,

the action may turn hislife upside

down. It was up to Bill Smith to make

good on every obligation, and Bill

smith did so with regularity.



“A couple of years more and I’ll

own this land,” said Bill to me one

day; “Thosefi insurance premiums are

still coming up, though, and I won’t be-

paid out for ' fifteen years yet, but





15—503





then all except one of my policies will

be paid up and I ought to get enough

dividends from them to keep the oth~

er one going. Say, I’m certainly hun-

subjects that tend to broaden a man’s

gry for that day of release from en-

forced scrimping and everlastingly re-

minder that Bill Smith absolutely

must not spend one dollar foolishly.”



Bill’s wife was back of it all. She

had insisted that he take out the in-

surance, buy the land, and dress the

children well. She had helped him to

save. Of course, Bill had what might

be termed a pretty hard row‘to hoe,

but still his wife’s action forced Bill

to acquire a habit of thrift which

throughout all the years has stayed

with him. That early necessity for

saving made Bill a stronger man, it

shaped his life better than he knew.

Bill and his wife have nothing to fear

as there is a big surplus laid up

against the biggest “rainy day” that

can develop, and a comfortable old age

is in store for them, all because they

learned the art of saving by system

and routine when they first decided

to cast their lot together and enter on

life’s long journey.



Is it too much to say that the art of

saving is the keynote of a. successful

life, that without the ability to save,

a man is like a ship without a rudder

that is forever drifting but gets no-

where?





IlllllHlHllllllfillllllllllllllllllll'!1H1IllHll!lHl'illlllllllllllil‘l‘m'l"l””llll'lll‘ll‘ili‘l‘lilll‘llllllllllIHIHIIHIIIIH‘H'it’llllillllllllllllllllllllllllllHllllllllHHIIIHIHIIIHIIIIHI||IlliililllHHIIliHllllllllHIIHHHHIIIIHIII





Manual Training and the Country Boy.





 





VERY normal boy has a passion

E to make something. He wants

to build with his own hands. A

hundred things within his ability to

make could be suggested to him, any

one of which would appeal to his na-

ture if he but had the tools, the place

and the time to do the work.

Farm boys have advantages and dis-

advantages in being trained for work-

ing in wood and metal. Among the





 





 





Fl”: '.





 





 





 





 





Training, Inventive Genius and Practice Make Skilled Workmen.





her. The girl said that two nights for

the pictures was enough. The young

man was paying $3.50 a week for his

room and $5 fer board. Under her

guidance and inspiration he. reduced

the figures to $2.50 and $4 with a

weekly saving of $2. ‘



~ “You hire a rig and take me out

riding eVery Sunday,” said the girl,

“and I appreciate it, too, but we can

save that money and have as much

real pleasure by walking. You take

me out to suppers and buy flowers for

me. Let’s cut it all out and lead a

simpler life ”



The young man gave all his savings

to thegirl and she in turn deposited

it in a bank. At the end of a year

more than $200 had accumulated in

this account. The girl had saved

some money out of her own income.

Theylwere married; On the day of

the wedding (which was in good taste

but not expensive) her father gave

them $250 in cash, the amount he had





advantages is that farm life demands

much use of the Saw, hammer, file,

drill, etc.‘ Scarc'ely a day passes that

the boy out in the country is not call-

ed’upon to use Some of the ordinary

carpenter’s or mechanic’s tools. By

natural training, then, he becomes

more Or less familiar with tools and

learns how many comnion operations

are done.



The country boy’s creatiVe mind is

also called upon liberally. He is put

in positions where he must think of

ways and means to get out. A horse

gets caught in the stable, his steers

run away and break through the gar-

den fence, apples on the highest

branches of the tree tempt him, the

gable of the barn offers the best sup-

port for his bird nests, he must use

various materials to complete the dog

harness, all of these and a thousand

more situations demand that the coun-

try boy think and do; and this think-

ing and doing teaches him to reason





out things he has neve1 know 11 how to

do bef01e.



011 the other hand, the. country boy

is often handicapped in becoming a

good wood or metal worker because

naost of his training is crude. The

usual duties demanded of him along

this line are of the roughest charac—

ter. His knowledge of the fitting and

handling of tools is limited by his

own experience, and the principles un-

derlying the shaping of wood and iron

and the devices for accomplishing this

in the most economical manner have

never been su ggested to his mind. As

a result the product of his efforts is

apt to be discouraging.





Could he have the advantage of a





manual training course with a good

instructor, where these suggestions

would be made and the fundamental

principles tat ght in connection with

the proper use of good tools, what re-

sults would we get? Experience, in-

ventive genius and training—these

make the perfect workman and it is

the observation of teachers that the

country boy usually leads the class in

this department of high school work.



But the country boys who can avail

themselves of a course in manual

training at the present. time. are few.

80' other provisions are needed for the

great majority. \Vhile some improviS<

ed substitute could not be expected to

serve every lad as well as a school

course would, yet. it has been found

that the conditions needed in most

cases can be provided where a little

thoughtful attention is given by the

boy or his parents.



In the, first place, a work-room is

needed. This may be a room entirely

devoted to the use of the boy, or it

may be a corner in a larger room. It

lies within the possibilities of most





-farmers to provide such a place if





there is a will to do so. If the boy

has the initiative to fit up a place for

himself only the most urgent need

should decide parents or others to ap-

propriate it for Other purposes, and

then only after consultation with the

boy. It should be his to control.



Then good tools should be selected.

A boy will take pride in tools that are

worth taking pride in. The results of

using them will also add to his inter-

est. It is folly to reason that for a.

boy anything will do. First-class ham-

mer, saw, square, planes are What the

boy should have.



Before purchasing these. tools the

boy should spend an evening or two





 





~ ww mquLx—A - <
prgw-..—~- "um—0... ....__...._._.... . ...._ u“... . w...» ._..,..‘....-.





 





' no one"





504—16





EIIRII THIS ROCKER





IN ON E DAY

WE GIVE





‘l'hls Fine

Upholstered Rocker g ,





For Se ing





   

 

 

 





oi Highest

We Toilet

shown

below





at 50°

‘ Per Box.





Required «W,





Just Sign the Coupon below, giving refer-

ences and we will send you the 25 boxes of Soap

together with the Rocker, and allow you thirty days

to sell the Soap before sending payment. We guar-

antee satisfaction. If Shipment is not satisfactory.

it can be returned at our expense.





GROFTS & REED 00.. emits”;





CROFTO a. REED 00.. Dept-A630. Ohio-so, Ill.





Send me % boxes of your Assorted Toilet Sea on

Rocker No. 90174. I agree to se-II the Sea at per

box and send you $12.60 In payment, within hirty days.





llama





 





Street Address





 





 





Pool Om vs





State





 





Give two business reference. below.





 





““\“\ \‘ ‘\\“\‘\“““‘ I





 





 





 





 





 





Get This Car FREE





And the Agency w.





   





 





THE MICHIGAN FA'RMLER





With a good carpenter. Together they

should go over the list carefully and

the important points about each tool

should be inquired into, so that better

judgment may be had in purchasing.

This information will also be valuable

afterwards.



When the tools have been secured

the carpenter should be called upon

again for pointers on caring for tools

and how to keep them in the best con-

dition for use. It is probable that

this questioning will need to be con-

tinued for some time, but if the older

person is a good friend he will be

pleased to help at all times and an-

swer questions willingly. The same

plan can be used to gain information

on how to go about a specific job.



This, then, furnishes an excellent

substitute for the manual-training

course for the boy who cannot avail

himself of the latter. By diligently

seeking the why’s and wherefore’s he

can gather-much knowledge on the

use of tools, or along any other line in

which he may be interested. ‘



Every farm boy should have a hob-

by. Here is a good practical one that

will appeal to the great majority, and

this Christmas is an excellent time to

begin.





WINSTON OF THE PRAIRIE.





 





(Continued from page 502).

make it easier for you, you can pay

me for the services.”



There was a little flush on the

girl’s face. “It is all distasteful, but

as you will not give me back my word

I will keep it to the letter. Still, it

almost makes me reluctant to ask you

a further favor.”



“This one is promised before you

ask it,” said Winston.



It cost Maud Barrington some trou-

ble to make her wishes clear, and





 





   

 





for Your

Torrltory





 

 





2 Passenger—4 Cylinder—Water

Cooled—Shaft Drive—Selective Type Transmission





Price $425. Write Now

BEFORE YOU TURN THIS PAGE





The most wonderful offer ever made

to readers of this paper. A Big Advertising

Plan which you can benefit; by if you send

in at once. Don’t let a minute slip. Send for

details today. Ri ht Now! Write your name

and address p ainly. urry for it means money to you.





Learn How to Make $100 to $400

Every Month and Be Your OWN BOSS





It’s easy and we will show you how. You can

become an expert automobile man in a short

time. 2 No need to leave home. Our students

are coining money and you can too if you act

immediately. Write today for Big Catalog and all de-

tails. Don’t wait. Do it. now. Send your name audfuli address.





You Get a Car FREE and the Agency





C, A. Coey. the world's Premier Autoist and

wmner of many world's records, builds this machine

and makes you this offer. It’s no get rich quick scheme

—-50 don’t delay writing today. It’s the most im-

portant thing you can do today — Just ask for details.

c. A. COEY'S SCHOOL OF MOTORING

1209 can BLDG" 2010-12 Wabash Av... CHICAGO. ILL-





F ARM TELEPHONES





 





 





 





WWW“ Every rural Telephone

company should write

'- for our 190-page book.





BUILDING THE LINE





It contains real tele—

hone information. ii-

ustrations. diagrams



and plain A. B. C. Tele-

phone talk.



W e a re



rural Tele-

phone spec-

alists and





 

 

 





 





 

 

   

 





'i- want to sub-

mit our oiler to you.

Write today and tell

us your telephone con-

ditions; get our prices

on everything

needed.





Good Agents

Wanted.

Address





The Gariord Mfg. Co.

Elyria.0hio. Rural Dept.C





s4oAun EXPENSES





EVERY WEEK Now being earned ealily by many of



our agents. Notone washbut every week



Clean high class business. Your entire time, or just evenings,

, demonstrating and taking orders for the





COLEMAN AlR-O-LITE





—A beautiful, portable lamp. Makes and burn-

itl own gas. 800 candle power, at only l-Bc per

hour. No greasy wicks, no chimneys. No danger

even if tipped over. Guaranteed for five years.

Sells on sight. Exclusive and special proposi-

tion to agents everywhere. Write at once for

catalogue and wholesale price list.





THE COLEMAN LAMP 00.

mos Summit 8h. Toledo. Ohlo.





 





 





Winston’s smile was not wholly one

of pleasure as he listened. One of the

young English lads, who was, it ap-

peared, a distant connection of the

girl’s, had been losing large sums of

money at a gaming table, and seeking

other equally undesirable relaxations

at the railroad settlement. For the

sake of his mother in England, Miss

Barrington desired him brought to his

senses, but was afraid to appeal to

the Colonel, whose measures were oc-

casionally more Draconic than wise.



“I will do what I can,” said Wins-

ton. “Still, I am not sure that a lad

of the kind is worth your worrying

over, and I am a trifle curious as to

what induced you to entrust the mis-

sion to me?”



The girl felt embarrassed, but she

saw that an answer was expected.

“Since you ask, it occurred to me that

you could do it better than anybody

else,” she said. “Please don’t misun-

derstand me, but I fancy it is the oth-

er man who is leading him away.”



W'inston smiled somewhat grimly.

“Your meaning is quite plain, and I

am already looking forward to the en-

counter with my fellow—gambler. You

believe that I will prove a match for

him.”



Maud Barrington, to her annoyance,

felt the blood creep to her forehead,

but she looked at the man steadily,

noticing the quiet forcefulness be-

neath his somewhat caustic amuse-

ment.



“Yes,” she said

shall be grateful.”



In another few minutes she was gal«

loping across the prairie, and when

she rejoined her aunt and Barrington,

endeavored to draw the latter’s opin-





 





simply; “and I





 





ion respecting Courthorne’s venture,

by a few discreet questions.



“Heaven knows where he was

taught it, but there is no doubt that

the man is an excellent farmer,’ he

said. “It is a pity that he is also to

all intents and purposes mad.”



Miss Barrington glanced at her

niece and both of them smiled, for

the Colonel usually took for granted

the insanity of anyone who questioned

his opinions.





 





 





200 N. it. Frinolo. Wlohlta. Kop-





In the meanwhile Winston'sat sway-





ing on the driving-seat, mechanically

guiding the horses, and noticing how

the prairie sod rolled away in black

waves beneath the great plow. He

heard the crackle of fibers beneath the

triple shares, and the swish of greasy

loam along the moldboard’s side, but

his thoughts were far away, and when

he raised his head, he looked into the

dim future beyond the long furrow

that cut the skyline on the rise.



It was shadowy and uncertain, but

one thing was clear to him, and that

was that he could not stay at Silver-

dale. At first, he had almost hoped he

might do this, for the good land and

the means of efficiently working it had

been a great temptation. That was

before he reckoned on Maud Barring-

ton’s attractions, but of late he had

seen what these were leading him to,

and all that was good in him recoiled

from an attempt to 'win her. Once he

had dared to wonder whether it could

be done, for his grim life had left him

self-centered and bitter, but that mood

had passed, and it was with disgust

he looked back upon it. Now he ‘knew

that the sooner he left Silverdale the

less difliicult it would be to forget her,

but he was still determined to vindi-

cate himselfby the work he did, and

make her affairs secure. Then, with

or without a confession, he would slip

back into the obscurity he came from.



While he worked the soft wind-riot-

ed about him, and the harbingers of

summer passed north in battalions

overhead—crane, brant-goose, and

mallard, in crescents, skeins, and

wedges, after the fashion of their

kind. Little long-tailed gophers work-

ed across the whitened sod, and when

the great plow rolled through the

shadows of a bluff, jack rabbits, pied

white and gray, scurried amidst the

rustling leaves. Even the birches

were fragrant in that vivifying air,

and seemed to rejoice as all animate

creatures did, but the man’s face grew

more somber as the day of toil wore

on. Still, he did his work with the

grim, unwavering diligence that had

already carried him, dismayed but un-

yielding, through years of drought and

harvest hail, and the stars shone

down on the prairies when at last he

loosed his second team. '



Then, standing in the door of his

lonely homestead, he glanced at the

great shadowy granaries and barns,

and clenched his hand as he saw what

he could do if the things that had

been forced upon him were rightfully

his. He knew his own mettle, and

that he could hold them if he would,

but the pale, cold face of a woman

rose up in judgment against him, and

he also knew that because of the love

of her, that was casting its toils about

him, he must give them up.



Far back on the prairie a lonely

coyote howled, and a faint wind, that

was now like snow-cooled wine,

brought the sighing of limitless grass-

es out of the silence. There was no

cloud in the crystalline ether, and

something in the vastness and still-

ness that spoke of infinity, brought a

curious sense of peace to him. Im-

postor though he was, he would leave

Silverdale better than he found it, and

afterwards it would be of no great

moment what became of him. Count—

less generations of toiling men had

borne their petty sorrows before him,

and gone back to the dust they sprang

from, but still, in due succession, har-

vest followed seed-time, and the world

whirled on. Then, remembering that,

in the meanwhile, he had much to do

which would commence with the sun

on the morrow, he went back into the

house and shook the fancies from him.





 





CHAPTER XIII.

Mastery Recognized.



HERE was, considering the latest

price of wheat, a somewhat as-

tonishing attendance in the long



room of the hotel at the railroad set-

tlement one Saturday evening. A big

stove in the midst of it diffused a

stuffy and almost unnecessary heat,

gaudy nickeled lamps an uncertain





ath .

while time is plenty

and labor is cheap





You’ll enjoy the winter months far

better, if the interior woodwork and

walls are bright and beautiful.

You’ll have greater peace of mind 1

if you know that your wagons and

implements are well painted and

protected for another year against





the ravages of wet and dampness.

For the inside walls you can’t beat the

economy and beauty of





 





 





Hi It Standard





The colors are “oh, so handsome,” and

do not fade. When Mellotoned walls

become dingy, no expensive repapering

or recalcimining. Simply wash them off

and they’re good as new. Get our new

booklet, see the rich Mellotone colors, learn

how easy it is to apply and how durable.





For the wagons and implements

—there's a. Low Brotherspaint for every purpose.





Lowe Bros. Wagon and Implement Paint is

especxally designed to suck in a perfectly protect;

mg coat and give long service.





Lowe Bros. Auto-Carriage Clone gives a

like-new finish. It‘s easy to use and dries

quickly.



Get this new book





The ' 'Farm House Inside and Out' ' shows 15 fine 9

turcs in colors of actual homes, both ,

outside and inside views. it's just the

kind of a book that a former appre—

ciatcs. Tells the facts about paint

and painting. Full of good ideas

for getting best resultsin painting

houses. barns, woodwork. walls.

vehicles, implements. Frye to

you. Tell us whom you buy

paint of when you write.

The Lowe Bros. Co.

499 E. Third St. . Dayton, 0.

Boston, Jersey City, Chicago

Kansas City, Minneapoli-

Lo-we Brothers, Ltd.

Toronto, Can.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





 





 

 





Remington

Junior





 

 





Here is a first—class typewriter,

a genuine Remington Type-

writer product, carrying the

iron-clad Remington guarantee

and embodying just the qual-

ities you need.





   

   

 





The price of the Remington Junior

is $50.00, cash with order. It

differs from the standard hun-

dred—dollar Remingtons only in

these points: it is smaller, it; is

lighter.





For $55.00 we will sell you 3

Remington Junior on terms of

$5.00 down and $5.00 a month.





For Catalogue and full

partlculars address-





Remington Typewriter company





(Incorporated)





 

   

   

   

   





 





54 Lafayette Boulevard, Detroit, Mich.“





   





 





 





Monitor: the Michigan Farmer

when writing to advorttoera'. -





, ,3. '
DEC. 5, 1914.





brilliancy, and the place was filled

with the drifting smoke of indifferent

tobacco. Oleographs, barbaric 'in ‘col-

or and drawing, hung about the rough-

ly-boarded walls, and any critical

stranger would have found the saloon

comfortless and tawdry.





It was, however, filled that night

with bronzed-faced men who expected

nothing better. Most of them wore

jackets of soft black leather or em-

broidered deerskin, and the jean trou-

sers and long boots of not a few ap-

parently stood in need of repairing,

though the sprinkling of more conven-

tional apparel and paler faces showed

that the storekeepers of the settle-

ment had been drawn together, as

well as the prairie farmers who had

driven in to buy provisions or take up

their mail. There was, however, but

little laughter, and their voices were

low, for boisterousness and asSertion

are not generally met with on the si-

lent prairie. Indeed, the attitude of

some of the men was mildly depreca-

tory, as though they felt that in assist-

ing in what was going forward they

were doing an unusual thing. Still,

the eyes of all were turned towards

the table where a man, who differed

widely in appearance from most of

them, dealt out the cards.



He wore city clothes, and a white

shirt with a fine diamond in the front

of it, while there was a keen intent-

ness behind the half-ironical smile in

his somewhat colorless face. The

whiteness of his long nervous fingers

and the quickness of his gestures

would also have stamped him as a be-

ing of different order from the slowly-

spoken prairie farmers, while the slen-

derness of the little pile of coins in

front of him testified that his endeav-

ors to tempt them to speculation on

games of chance had met with no very

marked success as yet. Gambling for

stakes of moment is not a popular

amusement in that country where the

soil demands his best from every man

in return for the scanty dollars it

yields him, but the gamester had chos-

en his time well, and the men who had

borne the dreary solitude of winter in

outlying farms, and now only saw an-

other adverse season opening before

them, were for once in the mood to

clutch at any excitement that would

relieve the monotony of their toilsome

lives. '”



A few were betting small sums with

an apparent lack of interest which did

not in the least deceive the dealer,

and when he handed a few dollars out

he laughed a little as he turned to the

bar keeper.



“Set them up again. I want a drink

to pass the time,” he said. “I’ll play

you at anything you like to put a

name to, boys, if this game don’t suit

you, but you’ll have to give me the

chance of making my hotel bill. In

my country I’ve seen folks livelier at

a funeral ”



The glasses were handed around,

but when the gambler reached out to-

wards the silver at his side, a big,

bronze-Skinned rancher stopped him.



“No,” he drawled. “We’re not

sticking you for a locomotive tank,

and this comes out of my treasury. I’ll

call you three dollars, and take my

chances on the thaw.”



“Well,” said the dealer, “that’s a lit-

tle more encouraging. Anybody want-

ing to make it better?”



A young lad in elaborately-embroid-

ered deerskin with a flushed face lean.

ed upon the table. “Show you how we

play cards in the old country,” he

said. “I’ll make it thirty—for a be-

ginning."



There was a momentary silence, for

the lad had staked heavily and lost of

late, but one or two more bets were

made. Then the cards were turned

up, and the lad smiled fatuously as he

took up his winnings.



“Now I’ll let you see,” he said. “This

time we’ll make it fifty. " ' _



He won twice more in succession,

and the men closed in about .the table,

while, for the degler knew when to





..’_,,1:_-1.,:y«-_ «1,,





THE MICHIGAN F-ARMER





strike, the glasses went around again,

and in the growing interest nobody

quite noticed who paid for the re-

freshment. Then, While the dollars

began to trickle in, the lad flung a bill

for a hundred down.



“Go on,” he said, a trifle huskily.

“Tonight you ‘can’t beat me!”





Once more he won, and just then ,





two men came quietly into the room.

One of them signed to the hotel

keeper. ‘



“What’s going on?

kind of keen,” he said.



The other man laughed a little.

“Ferris has struck a streak of luck,

but I wouldn’t be very sorry if you

got him away, Mr. Courthorne. He

has had as much as he can carry al-

ready, and I don’t want anybody

broke up in my house. The boys can

look out for themselves, but the Sil-

verdale kid has been losing a good

deal lately, and he doesn’t know when

to stop.”



Winston glanced at his companion,

who nodded. “The young fool!” he

said.



They crossed towards the table in

time to see the lad take up his win-

nings again, and Winston laid his

hand quietly upon his shoulder.



“Come along and have a drink while

you give the rest a show,” he said.

“You seem to have done tolerably





The boys seem





well, and it’s usually wise to stop

while the chances are going with

you."





The lad turned and stared at him

with languid insolence in his half-

closed eyes, and, though he came of

a lineage that had been famous in the

old country, there was nothing very

prepossessing in his appearance. His

mouth was loose, his face weak in

spite of its inherited pride, and there

was little need to tell either of the

men, who noticed his nervous fingers

and muddiness of skin, that he was

one who, in the strenuous early days

would have worn the wooly crown.



(Continued next week).





THE OLD BARN DANCE.





 





BY CHARLES H. MEIERS.





When the husking days are over,

Pleasure comes to have its run;

Then each country lass and lover

Sets about to have some fun.

When the old folks sit serenly .

By the fireplace, then, perchance,

Gallant swains and maidens queenly

Seek the old barn dance.





Country roads, from four directions,



. Bear their loads of happy folks—



Girls with glowing, rich complexions,

Boys with words of love, and jokes;



And the moonlight shows bright faces,

Yes, and ,many a wistful glance,



As the folks from various places

Seek the old barn dance.





When the sweet strains of the fiddles

Bring the dancers on the floor,

Girls begin to solve the riddles

That have troubled them before;

For, to note each young man’s action

As the evening joys advance,

Doubtful girls, for satisfaction,

Seek the old barn dance.





Happy hearts lift feet that cater

To the music’s lilt and swing,

While each favored swain feels greater

Than a president, or king.

Folks who wish to find real pleasure,

When oppressed by circumstance—

Those who crave joy in full measure—

Seek the old barn dance!





HOLIDAY STORIES.





 





Every Michigan Farmer reader can’

feel assured of having a supply of high

class fiction for the coming holidays.

Besides the regular installments of

our serial, “Winston of the Prairie,”

we have arranged for one of the best

Xmas stories you have read in years,

entitled, “Santa Claus and Little Bil-

lee,” by that Well known magazine

writer, John Kendrick Bangs. Edgar

White has sold us one of the best

pieces of fiction that has come from

his pen, “No. 2908’s Christmas Run,”

and Miss Bird’s “Holiday Week in

Prussia ” is of peculiar interest just

3&1; because of the present European





 





New subscribers for 1,3 or 5 years

will get the rest of this year free. Sub-

scriptions will start from time order is

received and date from January 1.





,1_ _.





17 —505





 





 





KODA





 





\gtfs'





Of all we gzj‘i‘s at Cflrz'stmar





none is appreciated' more than a Kodak or





Brownie Camera.





The pleasure of taking pictures—the delight

in developing and printing them yourself, at

home—the joy in showing them to your

friends, is slight in comparison to the com—

fort they are in recalling pleasant incidents





that have passed.





KODAKS, $6.00 and up.

BROWNIE CAMERAS, $1.00 to $12.00





Catalogue free atyour dealer’ 5, or by mail.





EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY,





389 STATE STREET,





 





lilt





 





 





ROCHESTER, N. Y.





 





 





 





VVater proof





Not nearly —- not iapirly-

but dryly

waterproof





 

 





R E FLE X

SLICKER





The wet weather coat

for you for good hard

service. Light weight,

strong, and big all over

for comfort.





$3. 00 Everywhere

SATISFACTION GUARANTEED

Catalog free





A. J. TOWER CO., Boston





/ you a uniform cream test. Saves all the

/ croam made. Made for all makes of mu-

1" ‘ chines. Attached in two minutes. Can-

-’ not get out of. order. No dial to watch.





Protector Hat, 75 Cts.





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Simple Speed indicator





makes you operate your Cream Separator

properly. Absolutely accurate. Willgivo





Saul; by panel post. price $3.00.

'}wanted c1cry11l1ore.

“.1 proposition to offer.

SIMPLE SPEED INDICATOR C0.

Department C, Sidney, O.





BOOKS.





Are you interested in

Hunting. Trapping.

. Fishing. Boating.

L Prospecting Camp

ing, Fur Farming Ginseng Growing. Etc. 3 Ipublish

Nineteen ranging in prices from 21 cents to $1 00 and

from 80 to 400 pages. mostly cloth bound and illustrated.

Circular fullv describing sent free. R. ARDIN (I

PUBLISHE" 75 North Ohio Ave. ., Columbus, Ohio.





WANTED MAN AND WIFE without family to

“ark on m) farm in the

H A. CONE. 1212 East (id. Blvd, Detroit, Mich.





101





A 62.].

Government Farmers Wanted: 1,53,... gig.





monthly. Write, OZMENI‘. 17 F. St. Louis. Mo.





Agents

Have an 1111 usual





 





 





 





 





 





mas or New sr Post Cards 1n Gold.





1011] YOUR IquME eon Silk Rose. Christ.-

GHOSI UNABD 00.8. 2141Arthurlva., Nowi‘urk.





 





 





 





This Light





Saves Eyes





You can sew, embroider or read

and the children can study without

fear of straining the eyes if you have





 





 





 





For Best Result.

Uu Perfection Oil





 





a RAYO LAMP. Experts agree that

the light given by a. good kerosene

lamp is the most soothing and rest-

ful to the eyes—you will soon learn

that no lamp equals





Rd 0

Lamps





Makes the long winter evenings the

happiest times of the ye 1r— all the

family will look foward to them. Sold

by good dealers everywhere—3, 000. 000

now in use in progressive middle

western homes.





Illustrated book Free.





Standard Oil Company





(AN INDIANA CORPORATION)

CHICAGO. ILL. , J





 





 





i

i

1





W... ”2.)... L.
. “vi/Jana“. . w , “v a:o:,,;, ,





2“ Ingest-bay r‘r'





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER-





W





V%Iflfll] and HEY





 





 





 





 





At Home and Elsewfi ere

. §g§ A





3%





 





Aileeds





 





 





 





 





 





 





The Domestic Crucible—4.





Grace Encounters Total Depravety in Inanimate Objects.





HE first strawberries of the sea-

son, my dear.”



Grace Ludlow raised her flushed

face from an anxious scrutiny of the

bread she had pulled out of the oven,

to survey the tall, spare woman who

was walking into her kitchen with the

air of being quite at home. Then, as

the newcomer added,



“I thought they might be an apology

for not having called sooner,” Grace

shoved the bread back into the fiery

oven, slammed the door a bit harder

than necessary, and advanced to meet

her caller.



“How beautiful, and delicious, too,

I’m sure,” she said as she took the

dish. “You must be Mrs. Smedley

who was so kind to John when he

lived alone.”



“Yes, though I haven’t heard myself

called that for so long I’d forgotten it

was my name,” said Mrs. Smedley,

pulling off her broad-brimmed hat and

fanning herself as she spoke. “I’ve

been Aunt Ann now for 40 years to

everyone in the neighborhood from

one year up to 100 years old, so you

might as well begin.”



“I’ll be only too glad to, if I may,

laughed Grace, pulling forward a chair

as she spoke. “Just sit right down

here by the window, I’ve got to keep

right at it if dinner is on time. I’ll

put these berries in the cellar and be

right up.”



In the cellar a bottle of moldy grape

juice caught her eye, and as.she stop-

ped to get it, she discovered that the

basin of milk she had put away in the

morning had silently stolen away

through a tiny hole in the dish. She

stopped to wipe up the milk, and as

she reached the kitchen an odor of

scorching bread greeted her nostrils.

Mrs. Smedley had just reached the

oven as Grace entered the room.



“1m afraid your bread is burning,”

she said, “I was just going to look

at it.”



“Oh, I suppose it is,” said Grace,

savagely jerking open the door and

burning her knuckles in the process.

“It’s done everything else provoking

ever since it was born, so it might as

well finish by burning itself to death.

I dropped the can of starter last night

and had to send down to the corners

for yeast cakes. Then it got a chill

in the night and I set it on the stove

in a pan of warm water to recover.

John started up a roaring fire and

scalded the sponge. I mixed it too

stiff, the stuff wouldn’t raise this

morning, the hired man knocked a.

loaf off the table onto Carlo’s back,

and now, of course, it’s burned crisp.”



Aunt Smedley greeted the outburst

with an appreciative chuckle.



“I see you’ve met them already,



those housekeeper’s ‘days’,” she said.

“Well, my dear, you might as well de-

cide right now to laugh when they

come instead of crying or storming

around. They come to all of us, the

days when we’d swear inanimate

things we‘re included in the curse,

they act so totally depraved, so you

might as well expect them.”

' “Oh, I expect themall right,” said

Grace, glaring at the wreck of her

bread; “but 'please don’t ask me to

laugh when they come. It’s too much

to ask of female frailty.”



“You think so just now,” said Ann





”





cheerily, “but you’ll think better of it

if you’ll put a little vaseline on that

burn and let me tie a bit of muslin

over it. And really,” as she deftly

wound the muslin around Grace’s

burned fingers, “a laugh is the best

way out of it. Some women cry, some

mope, some tell their husbands, some

just clear out and wait for a better

day, while others get mad and throw

things. If you can’t laugh, at least

don’t tell your husband, try some of

the other ways of relief.”



“Honest, now, could you laugh it off

at first?” asked Grace. “I’d like to

take that stuff right this minute and

pitch it through the window, and you

ask me to treat it as a. Joke.”



“That was my way, too,” confessed

Ann, “until I learned that every out-

burst of temper upset my digestion

and gave me a headache besides giv-

ing my husband a fine excuse to hitch

up and drive to town and leave me

home alone. So I decided it didn’t

pay. It isn’t going to kill anyone if

that bread isn’t good. But it’s going

to put fretful lines around your mouth





and a twist in your sunny self if you

get fussed up over it. The really im-

portant thing is not how the bread

acts, but how you act.”



“I suppose you are right,” said

Grace meekly, “but can’t I just throw

things this once? You can’t imagine

how it would relieve me.”



. “Wouldn’t it relieve you just as

much to take that stuff out and throw

it at the pigs, as to throw it through

the window?” laughed Ann. “If it





would, do so by all means, and save





yourselves an attack of indigestion.

Then come in and make a strawberry

shortcake for dinner and start fresh

bread tomorrow.”



“So' my bread is only fit for the

pigs,” said Grace whimsically. “Well,





_I’d rather you’d say that than John,‘





so here goes. And won’t you stay and

help'eat the shortcake?” ' -



“With 20 quarts of strawberries on

the vines waiting to be picked?” said

Ann. “Wait till the rush is over and

you haven’t had a ‘day.’ Then I’ll be

glad to come.”



And smiling kindly she left Grace

tipping the bread out of the pans, the

lines of temper gone from between her

eyes and a smile kinking the corners

of her lips. DEBORAH.





IlllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllIlllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHIIlllllllllIllllllI|lllllllllllIIIIII|IllI||||Ill|IIHHIHHIIHHIIIIIHllIHII{ill|IllllllllHHIHIIIIHIIHII





Michigan’s Happy. Babies—No. _’5.





By DEBORAH.





 





FTER having decided upon the



formula to be used in feeding



the baby, the mother’s next care

is to decide upon how often baby shall

be fed and how much milk he shall

have at a feeding. For if she is to

have a healthy baby, free from diges-

tive disturbances, she must observe

regularity in the time of feeding and

in the amount'given the child. No

adult can be healthy and be constant-

ly eating, or eating at irregular hours,

and babies are even more susceptible

to irregularity in feeding. Most moth-





ers understand this, and the habit,‘





once so. prevalent, of feeding baby ev-

try time he cries, is fortunately dying

out. Fewer mothers understand, how-

ever, that the time he is allowed to

take in draining his bottle should be

watched also. It is a common habit

with busy mothers to prop the‘bottle

up by means of a pillowyor folded

cloth and let the‘baby lie in his baS<

ket, taking all the time he wants to

eat, dozing and waking up to eat a

little, then dozing again until often

the bottle is not finished by the next

feeding time. Mealtime should be as

much a business with baby as with

his parents. He should be taken up

and held in the arms while he eats,

and given not more than ten minutes

to take his feed. This is better for

him, not only from the standpoint of

digestion but because it gives him a

change of position. Not the least of

its benefits is the frequent short rests

it gives the mother.



In the time of feeding and the quan-

tity each baby must be a law until

itself, as much as in the formula used.

Some babies thrive best onsmall

quantities fed often, while others do

best on a larger feed at longer inter-

vals apart. In cases of extreme mal-

nutrition it is often necessary to feed

a child three-months old a tablespoon-

ful every hour, where the healthy

child that age would be taking four

ounces every three hours. If the baby





does not thrive as you think he should

try altering the size of the feeding

before you change the formula. Per.

haps you are not giving him enough

at a time to satisfy his hunger. If he





'seems uncomfortable after his bottle,





reduce the size of the feeding and

give him the bottle 10 or 15 minutes

earlier than you have been doing.

The table given beldw is the one

used by Dr. Charles Douglas. Like all





tables and formulas printed for chil-





dren, it is only general. Your child

may thrive if you follow it exactly. If

he does not, alter it as your judgment

tells you is best. Small babies will

require less food than this table gives,

while large babies will probably de‘

mand more. You will notice that the

night feeding is larger than the day.

The table is prepared for babies of av-

erage size, that is, those who weigh

about seven and one-half pounds at

birth and gain a half pound a week

after'the first month.



For the first week, that is, after the

third day, when you first begin to

feed, the baby will require from 10 to

15 ounces of food, given in 10 feed-

ings one and one-half hours apart,

with two feedings from 10 p. m. to 7

a. m.

ounce or an ounce and one-fourth and

the night feeding an ounce and one-

fourth or an ounce and one-half.



During the second, third and fourth

weeks the number of feedings, inter‘

vals between and number of night

feedings remains the same. The size

of the feeding increases to one and

one-half or two ounces in the day and

two to three ounces at night, the

whole day’s feeding being‘15 to 30

ounces. Up to the sixth week the

feedings are but nine in the 24 hours

at intervals of two hours with one

feeding between 10 p. m. and 7. a. m.

The size of the day feeding increases

to two or two and one-half ounces,

and the night is three or three and

one-half ounces. The whole day’s food





The day feedingshould be an,





supply is from 22 to 32 ounces.



To three months old there are eight

feeding in 24 hours, two and one-half

hours apart, with one night feeding.

The size of the day feeding is three

to three and one-half ounces and the

night is four to four and one-half. The

quantity for the 24 hours is 24 to 36

ounces.



Up to the sixth month there are

seven feedings, three hours apart,

with one night feeding. The day feed-

ing is four to four and one-half ounces

and the night five to five and one-half.

The quantity for 24 hours is 28 to 38

ounces.



From six to nine, months there are

six feedings, all in the day, the night

feeding, or the one between 10 p. m.

and 6 a. m., being omitted entirely af-

ter six months. Give four and one-

half to five ounces during the day and

from six to seven ounces at your bed-

time, which is here supposed to be 10

p. m. The quantity for the day is

from 33 to 42 ounces.



From nine months to a year old

feed five times a day, every three and

one-half hours, with a feeding at bed

time. The day-time feedings are five

and one-half to six and one-half ounces

and the bed-time feeding seven to

eight ounces. The day’s quantity is

from 37 to 45 ounces.



These quantities, as has been said,

are merely general. Perhaps your

baby can take more successfully. I

have known healthy nine-months bab—

ies to take eight ounces at every feed-

ing during the day, where this table

suggests but six or seven. In every-

thing . you must be guided by the

baby’s health and his Weight“ If he

vomits'immediately after eating you

are giving him too much and Sh‘Ould

reduce the size of the feeding. If he

cries and sucks his fingershe is prob-

ably hungry and should havemore.

He should be weighed at least every

second day. If his weight remains

stationary he is not getting enough

food. If he loses weight it is'probable

that the formula is not right. If he

shows- a steady increase and is happy,

everything is all right. ’





 





HOME QUERIES.





 





Household Editor-z—Can you tell me

what ails my baby? She is six weeks

old and I have been giving her a baby

food with milk. She has colic and

raises a lot of gas. She cries a good

gfal agnd is not gaining in weight.—



rs. .





It is probable that she is not digest-

ing the baby food, as infants so young

as that can seldom digest starch. I

would suggest that you drop the baby

food and give her simply modified

milk. Start her with two ounces of

lime water, and one ounce of milk

sugar, with enough boiled water added

to make the quantity 22 ounces. If

she continues to have colic but does

not vomit, reduce the skim~milk and

increase the cream. If she vomits

sour food about an hour after eating,

decrease the cream and increase the

skim-milk unless she is gassy.





Household Editorz—My baby is six

months old and I have nursed her en-

tirely, but she does not seem satisfied.

She is not sick but acts hungry. Some

of my friends advise me to feed her





I think it would be better not to

feed her any starch for at least anoth-

errmonth. Instead give her a little

milk immediately before each nurs-

ing. For this you can use the milk





d





 

   





 





at theLtable. Would you advise this? '





.... .mm<‘.wwam as. «v *
.... .mm<‘.wwam as. «v *





 





DEC. 5, 1914.





from the‘table, starting with a. table-,.

spoonful each time-and increasing the

quantity if she still acts hungry. Tak-

en with the mother’s milk the cow’s

milk will not need .to be modified or

sterilized.





QUAINT JABOT IN CROCHET.





 





BY MAE Y. MAHAFFY.



Lavender in a mercerized cotton

was chosen for a quaint, easily

made jabot, one of the five cent

spools being sufficient. D. M. C. will

make a somewhat richer, and conse-

quently more expensive jabot, but any

of the soft cottons will answer.



Make the center first by chaining

eight stitches and joining. Double

crochet 12 times into this circle, mak-

ing 1 ch between each time. For the

next row dc over each previous ch st.

making 3 ch between.



We are now ready to start the spir-

als. Ch 36, turn, and make a single

crochet into next to last ch st. Do

120 times over the long chain, or as

many times as possible by crowding,

and dc into the last row of the center

between two of the dc sts. Coil the

spiral with the fingers if it has not

coiled evenly during the making. Ch

3, and dc into next space in circle,

and proceed with the next spiral. Con.

tinue thus until 11 spirals are made,

thus leaving a short space on one side

of the circle. This spaced side is then

folded back of the filled portion, caus-

ing the spirals to hang two deep, the

doubled circular portion being utiliz-

ed for a brooch with which to fasten

the jabot to the waist.





 





 





SHORT CUTS TO HOUSEKEEPING.





 





Nice and inexpensive garment hang-

ers can be made of barrel hoops. One





’hoop can make two large ones or





three small ones. Five cents worth of

screw hooks will make 12 hangers.

Thus, you see, the cost is small. Pad

the hangers, using sachet in the pad-

ding, cover with flowered cretonne, or

silk scraps.——S. P. V.



Old-fashioned Butter Scotch.



One cup of granulated sugar, one.

quarter cup of molasses, one-half cup

of butter, two tablespoons of hot wa-

ter, one tablespoon of vinegar. Boil

until it forms a crisp ball in cold wa-

ter, then pour on a buttered tin and

mark in squares before cold.



A way to keep the guest-room sofa

pillows always immaculate besides

lending an extra touch of daintiness

to a room that is much in use, is to

make squares of lawn or linen the

size of the pillows, hem them and

edge them with lace if of lawn, but-

ton-hole stitch them in small scallops,

if of linen, and at the four corners

sew narrow linen tape or wash rib-

bon, long enough to tie when the

squares are placed cornerwise on the

sofa pillows. Have two sets of each

material for each pillow, so that they

can be changed and freshened at a

minute’s notice. These covers are

more easily made, adjusted and la'un-

dered than any‘kind of a slip. More-

over they are far more decorative, as

they permit the colored corners of the

pillow still to show. To those who

have used them they have been a

source of great satisfaction. Large

linen handkerchiefs already hemstitch-

ed might, of course, be used without

other trimming, and those of good

quality China silk would wear indefi-

nitely.——M. S. ‘





0





THE YOUNG MOTHER.





 





The busy young mother should not

become discouraged because there are

so very many demands upon her time.

Let her determine to take each day as

it comes, giving first attention to the

more important duties and striving,

through systematic management, to

cover as much ground as possible with

a minimum amount of labor. Let her





- stickto plain food, well. cooked, plain





clothing, of 'as good quality as she





.42!

chi

i v71?





,. THE MT‘cHIGAN FARM‘ER





can afford, keep-her house as clean

as is consistent with her time and

strength, and rest content. Let. her

not forget that it is as much her duty

to devote a portion of the day to rest

as it is to work. That to do this is

to enable her to accomplish more than

she otherwise could do and that a

certain amount of recreation is also

a necessity in order to keep herself

from growing old before her time. No

woman, unassisted, can do every-

thing, but any woman possessing good

health and the faculty of turning off

work can do the necessary work of a

home and still have some time to

herself.





California. ELLA E. RocxwooD.





HOME QUERIES.





 





Household Editorz—I am a reader

of the Michigan Farmer, and enjoy

reading the many household recipes.

I would like to ask Mrs. F. H. for her

red catsup recipe, like you buy in the

stores. I am enclosing a recipe for a

relish which I like—Mrs. M



Two dozen ears of corn, 2 heads of





cabbage, six red and six green man-





lllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfl|lllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllll|||Illlll|llllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





Prize Baby Contest.





The editor of 'this department



believes that Michigan has as

much right to be proud of her babies

as of her apples and automobiles.





If you are proud of yours, tell us

about it. Enter your baby in our con-

test for the most nearly perfect baby.

All that is necessary is to fill out the

blank below and mail it to the Baby

Contest Editor. If you have a good

picture of the baby, send it along.

Awards will be announced in the is-

sue of January 23. Ten prizes will be

awarded in this contest as follows:



A cash prize of Five Dollars will be

given the baby most nearly approach-

ing the standard of perfection; Three

Dollars to the second; Two Dollars to

the third, and a child’s silver set to

each of the next seven. Honor men-

tion will be given all others who have

high scores. The age limit is one

year. The contest is open only to

subscribers to the Michigan Farmer.



Fill in carefully the following blank

and mail it to the Baby Contest Edie

tor by January 1, 1915. If anything is

not quite clear to you, write and ask

for explanations.





: RE you proud of your baby?





Parents’ name and address ..........





..................................





Baby’s name .......................





Exact age in months and days .......





..................................





Weight at birth .....................

Length at birth ......................

Weight today .......... r ............

Length today .......................





Condition at birth:

Normal . . . . .......................





Delicate ..........................

Breast fed ..........................

Bottle fed ..........................

What foods? ........................

How fed now ........................

Length of arm, shoulder to tip of mid-



dle finger .........................

Length of leg, hip joint to sole of

. foot .. ............................





Circumference of head above the eyes





4





goes, four tablespoons of White mus-

tard seed, two tablespoons mustard,

two tablespoons celery seed, two

quarts of vinegar, four pounds brown

sugar, four tablespoons salt; boil for

twenty minutes.





Household Editorz—I wish some of

the'women who take the Michigan

Farmer would send a recipe for mak-

ing apple butter without boiling the

sweet cider down first. Also some

recipes for using green tomatoes, such

as .mustard pickles—Mrs. J. W. B.





I can but think that the world

would be better and brighter if our

teachers would dwell on the duty of

happiness as well as on the happiness

of duty; for we ought to be as bright

and genial as we can, if only because

to be cheerful ourselves is a most ef-

fectual contribution to the happiness

of others—Sir John Lubbock.





 





I find the gayest castles in the air

that were ever piled far better for

comfort and for use than the dun-

geons in the air that are daily dug

and caverned out by grumbling, dis-

contented people—Emerson.





Circumference of chest at line of nip-





ples ........... ..............





Muscular development:

1~—Does he hold objects? ..........





2—Hold head erect ? ...............





 





3—Sit up alone? ...................

4—Stand by chairs or wall? ........ 1





‘5—Stand alone ? .................. ‘





7—Wa1k....A1one.. . .With help. %





Flesh:

Firm .............................





Flabby ...........................





Teeth:

Number ..........................





Dull





Eyes:

Normal ...........................





Defective .........................





Breathing:

Mouth ............................





Mouth:

Habitually open ...... Closed ......





Color of gums and tongue ..........





Diseases:

Hereditary .......................





Contagious .......................

Children’s ........................





Nerves:

Quiet .............................





Restless ....................... . ..





Disposition:

Cries a good deal ...................





Good-natured .....................

Digestion ' ...........................





Remarks:





..........................

..................................





..................................





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





19—507





 





 





 





The First of ALL

”Home Remedies"

“ ASELlNE," in its many





- Forms, with their innu’

merable uses, is the Foundar

tion of the family medicine

chest.





   





Reg. U. 5. Pat. Off.





It keeps the skin smooth and

sound. Invaluable in the

nursery For burns, cuts, in,

sect bites, etc. Absolutely

pure and safe.





“Vaseline” is sold by drug

and general stores every,

where, or a Full size bottle

will be sent direct on re,

ceipt of 10c.





Write For new illustrated

booklet which describes the

various "Vaseline" preparr

ations and their many uses.





 





 





CHESEBR OUGH MFG. CO.

(Consolidated)

33 STATE STREET, NEW YORK





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





‘A Kalamam





assist.“ Direct to You"





   





$ OrderShipped ;

DayltComes r 0





written .1? . '





. p (

And that’s only one of



500 low price records (MWQW 3“

for quality stoves and $3, _ ’

ranges shown in the big '." “'1 " ,

free Kalamazoo cata- '

log. Every stove sent

on long '





F reeTrial





Money-backguaran— . -

tee—cashoreasypay-

mentterms,shipped .

immediately, all

polished and ready. .

to set up—Freight /‘

all prepaid.





 

 

 





 

 

 





lmmedlato

Shipment ~.

Guaranteed '





I today for this catalog that save-

wrlte $5.00 to $40.00 for every buyer and

tvisu'res satisfaction. See all the





other great offers. Ask for book No. 115

KALAMAZOO STOVE COMPANY





Manufacturer.

Kalamazoo. Mlchlg‘an





 





 





 





 





Sunshine Lamp

300 Candle Power



To Try in Your Own Home _

Turns night into day. Gives better light 1

than gas, electricity or 18 ordinary lamps at

one-tenth the cost. For 1* 011131. Shot 5. Hells

Churches. A child can carry it. Mnk 3 its

liriit from common gasoline. No wicx. No

chimney. Absolutely EAFE.





COSTS l CENT A NIGHT





\\ a want one person in such locality to u hom

we can refer new customers. Take advantage

of our SPECIAL FREE TRIAL OFFER. Write

today. AGENTS WANTED.



SUNSHINE SAFETY LAMP C0.

233 Factory Bldg., Kansas City, Mo.





 





 





 





....................... ‘. on n-oa-ooo





 





This Year’s Bargain Offer—the Mili-





igan Farmer 3 years for $1 or 5 years





..... . .......... forSl.50. Seepage518.





M, . t “.0...” m...”
7, Here’s a chopper that

satisfactorily Cuts meat , '

3 (sausage meat for ex-

ample), as well as other

foods; and this “Enter-

f prise” Four-bladed Steel

Knife and Perforated Steel

Plate are the reasons why.





“ENTERPRISE”





Meat-and -Food Chopper





 

     

 

 

 





b

.mvmnlmllm l4l:llr|Hi‘ilH.II'IHIIilllllliirflihlllllI.IlllIllIIllhlllllnlilillnlliliill|MIMIHillilHlllllth-l I





 

 

 

 





 

       





The "knife and

plate" machine





marked

"ENTERPRISE"





   





   





 

 





 





Men: to be well chopped. must be really CUT. as

with the sharpest knife. Four such knife blades are

here provided, for cutting meat, fish. vegetables. fruit.

into toothsorue morsels. No manglinz nor crushing!

juices are retained. Ask for “ENTERPRISE" with

'knite and plate." Family size. $1.75; Large. $2.50.

A different type of chopper, at a lower price. is the

“Enterprise" Food Chopper, with four different cutters.

Small. 81-25: Family size, $1.50: Large. $2.25.

Your dealer can supply you

COOK BOOK for 4: nampr-rha ”Entrrprlrlng Houn-

lupn', "giving «sauna-alum]: to )rrpara braakfan, din-

ner and my)” dish”; 200 red)” and hauulufln: hints.





The Enterprise Mfg. Co. of Pa.

Dept. 115.‘ Philadelphia





unum'rmmmuunnumumunmmmmmlmmImnnvmumll” "”llluIllllilllillllllilll‘lll.





 

 





n nmmmnunumummmu ‘r u‘ nun-rum.





 

 

 

 

 





 

 





 





iillllnlllillllilllll





 

   





unwmuuun





 





 

 





 





   





Minimum





 





I i|IIiII.illillllllllllllllilfll ||ll‘.lllllillll||l|lHlllilllllIlllllllllllIill'llllilllllllllIIHIllIlill!Illlllllllllllllillll[lll'lllllnlllllll ..





 

 





 





 





The Marvus Aid‘ Soap





Saves Hands— Clothes— Colors





Used with Soap Wherever Soap is Used

For Sale by All Grocers and Druggists ’





In convenient 10c, 15c and 50c packages.

If your retailer does not supply you prompt-

ly, your choice of at 10c. 15c or 50c package

will be mailed to you by Parcels Post,

delivery charges paid, on receipt of the

regular retail price.



The Pacific Coast Borax Co.

1561 McCormick Bldg.. Chicago. Ill.





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





A soft, luminous light,

which casts no shadow.

Brighter than electricity or

acetylene. Makes and burns

its own gas. Costs 2c a week.

No dirt, smoke, nor odor.

'Over 200 styles, ranging from

100 to 2000 candle power.

Absolutely guaranteed.

Write for Illustrated Catalog





Agents Wanted Everywhere

m The Best Light Co,

280 E. 5th St. Canton. Ohio





 





oou'r Pay Two PRICES





HOUSIERaiié’ngsFREE





a“ "W 0‘ To try in your own home for 80 do .

Show your friends. Freight pcid y

us. Send it back ct our expense if ou

do not want to keep it. You can uy

the best It Actual Fmtory Prices. Our

new improvements absolutely surpass

snythiug ever produced. Save enough

on ssingie stove to buy your winter'-

., fuel. All HOOBIER

‘ STOVES Guaranteed





 





   

 





 

 





Knish—3

[s- . (

‘i" . Him: 1...???“





 

   

 





 





m...





 

 





 

 

 





 





‘4‘, W ,g; 3;. x ~ for Years. Send tn!

. , m ““7155 L1 v ,0 today for large REE

.\ .p (<5; . ff; Catalogue, Ibow‘luglcrgc

= I , - ?.« vi .,,' assortment to select “0111.

n « nwfi; No Obligations.

, 1 {5‘9"},





HOOSIER STOVE 00.

131 State St, Marlondnd.





3.3.3.2532. FREE





/, FITS YOUR OLD LAMP.

‘/ Candle Power Incandescent

‘ pure white light from (kerosene coal

all. Beatlaevither gulp; 916 llocity.

. flS'l'S I CENT ,uns

é We'want one person in locality to,

‘ whom we can refer new customers.

Toke advantage of our Special Oflcr to

. 'seo'uree Beacon Burnerrgfill. Write

. ‘ 'rs WAN ‘ . -





3—"

'_\





   

 





 





 





CUSTOMTANNING





w" " " ’ a ‘u'kind-‘brr‘urrsnnr‘ m»

at??? agrigéa?’3.ir.;do¢, deer or myriad of





wild‘or’doucstlo nu‘im’iilst diam flhish'them.‘ ’ ‘Wo.

0





or Bugs if desired





can make them into Costa. .nd linincs. We ”no“





to iehi ll trimmin

so: besides: snd are we 1 equipped to do a good job.

BROWN it BEHLEB 00.. Grand Rapids. Michigan.





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARME'R“





OU’VE all had blue days, that



goes without saying. Days when

.4 .. you were sure that no one on

earth had such a hard lot as yours,

when you knew you were friendless,

and could see yourself homeless and

penniless in-- the very near future.

Days when, in the words of Mr. Man-

talini, you felt that everything had

“gone to the demnition bow-wows,”

and you might as well follow them

and have done with it.





And when you have been in the

very darkest spot of that blue day did

you ever have some well-meaning

friend come along and tell you just to

think how many people were worse

off than you were? And when they re-

lieved themselves of that inane, time-

Worn, beastly selfish remark, did you

feel a bit better? Rather did you not

feel like smiting them hip and thigh

and go on being bluer than ever?





It always seemed to me that for

pure selfishness that way of making

oneself satisfied beats all others. Why,

it I am unhappy and wretched, should

I feel better just to think that some-

one else is worse off than I am? If

I want one of the new “Made in Am-

erica” velvet suits and can’t have any-

thing better than sei‘ge, am I not a

selfish beast to comfort myself by

thinking that lots of other women

can’t have the serge? If I have a

felon on my finger does it make it

hurt any the less to reflect that some-

body else has a cancer?



If a thing is bad for me, .. is bad

and that’s the end of it. The war has

hurt the business prospects of prac-

tically everyone in America. Every-

one has felt its effects directly or in-

directly. Does it alter matters for us

to think how much better off we are

than the starving Belgians? It may

make us thankful in a smug, selfish

sort of way, but it is a thankfulness





 





 





that we should be ashamed of.





Now this is not an apology for the

blues, there is no apology for letting

oneself get into such an abject state

of self-pity that one needs to be com-

forted. The blues themselves are but

an expression of selfishness. We let

our minds dwell on what we want and

can’t have, or upon conditions we do

not like but can not change until we

exclude every thought that is sane

and good. Instead of doing for others,

We sit around complaining inside be-

cause others do not do enough for us.

We sigh for the flesh pots of Egypt,

perhaps. Perhaps only for time to do

the Work we imagine we are peculiar-

ly fitted for, instead of the work which

has been laid right at our door. What-

ever the cause of our blues they are

unlovely and inexcusable, .and it is

but “meet, right and our bounden





 





duty” to overcome them.





But not by comparing ourselves

with others. No matter what the oth-

er fellow does or is or has, he is no

standard of measurement for us, nor

is his condition to make us either hap-

py or unhappy. Each individual is a

law unto himself, and must control

himself from within. When you have

the blues, then, do not ,begin to look

about for someone worse off than

yourself, in comparison with whom

you may count yourself happy. Ask

yourself what right you have to make

others unhappy by' moping; what you

have ever done to deserve the ease

and happiness you crave; how much

you have done to make life happier

for someonevelse, and what there is at

this particular moment that you can

do‘ to help your‘ next 'door neighbor.

Then. ge.t.b.usy-.. , :



The busy person is seldom blue, he

hasn’t time "to be." 'And' 'the 'person‘

who. is. busy, helping. someone else. .18.

never in the dumps. If, instead of,

complaining because the world doesn’t

do enough for us we got out and did





 





something to justify our being here,





“Blues” AnotherHWord for selfishness.





we would soon have done with the

blues altogether. DEBORAH.





 





ESSENTIALS IN. HOUSEWORK.





 





BY ELLA E. ROCKWOOD.



Busy housemothers realize that

some duties must be neglected, either

wholly or in part, with the arrival of

each succeeding day. Rarely is there

time enough for everything. Which

of the number are most essential, and

which shall be given second consider-

ation are questions which obviously

must be left for personal decision.



In view 'of the fact that proper diet,

especially in the case of growing chil-

dren is so important an item in regard

to health it would appear that food

should receive first attention. This,

of course, does not imply that it must

be either elaborate or expensive un-

less it can be urged that all food is

expensive at the present. Certain it

is that plain and wholesome food, he

sides claiming the advantage in cost

over the higher priced product, pos-

sesses superior nutrient properties

outranking the other in actual value.

So that, in this instance, economy and

efficiency go hand in hand.



If mothers but realized how much

better are the plain foods for their

children, and for adults as well, there

would be less attention paid to rich

and indigestible dishes, even on the

tables of those who can afford them.

Careful consideration of this subject

has been urged by physicians and

dieticians of late years and young

children are being fed far differently

from what they were a generation

ago. Other potent forces in this direc-

tion are the household and mothers’

magazines which, as a rule, give re-

liable advice to the inexperienced.

Plain bread, pure milk, fresh fruits,

vegetables and eggs provide largely

the nutrients essential to healthful

growth and maintenance. Rich pas-

tries, highly seasoned dishes of all

sorts, excess of sweets and fats, are

not only unnecessary but absolutely

deleterious in their effects, particu-

larly upon children. '



Decided that proper food for the

family ranks first in. importance,

cleanliness plainly comes next. In-

deed, conditions might be imagined

where it would even take precedence.

Moderation in all things is a worthy

motto. So in cleanliness, which is

akin to godliness, there are occasion-

ally found extremes in which few

women are warranted. Some there

are so obsessed .by this virtue that

their families are rendered miserable

thereby. _The middle course as fol-

lowed in the vast majority of homes,

is intended to maintain an equilibri-

um. To spend a lifetime in the never

ending struggle to preserve spotless

one’s home from attic to cellar is a,

thankless task even if it can be ac-

complished. In these vacuum clean?

ed days, however, it comes nearer to

the limit of endurance than when

soap, sand and elbow grease were the

agents mainly employed for the pur-

pose. . .



Some misguided mothers there are

who spend long hours each week over

the ironing ‘table. Repeatedly they

havebeen toldhow foolish a practice

it is to put ruffles and tucks into the

making of children’s clothes, yet many

mothers are still doing altogether too

much 'of‘ it.’ "These n'olst'a'rc'h 'days help

somewhat, .yet elaborately trimmed

wearing apparel still holds its devo-

tees many hours weekly in a tire-

sOme task. , ,



Let us” render thanks that the yard-

long. skirts. for. infants . have j been

abandoned in fever. _of shorteruones'

and that fashion Which' makes slaves

of us. all. has. for the past few years

smiled upon fewer and 'pla'iner petti-

coats for, .: femininity: .‘generally, ..‘“e’vént

though it can be charged that in

avoiding one extreme we have adop-





Bfié. 5,‘ 1914.





ted another. If only all mothers would

declare for plain food and plain cloth-

ing what a world of work they would

save themselves, to say nothing of

any further advantage gained by so

doing.



There is no doubt that a well equip-

ped home, supplied with modern con-

veniences, makes easier the work of

those who care for it. Hence it is

plainly the duty of every husband to

provide as many of these as possible.

The number of farm homes boasting

of modern improvements is rapidly in-

creasing. Time was when farm im-

provements were confined largely to

big red barns. This, however, is not

the rule today. Few men care to in-

vite criticism by holding a. monopoly

in this direction, while a. deserving

wife gets little or no share in the

modernizing equipment. Affection for

his family leads the average man to

want them well provided for. And be-

sides this he takes a certain pride in

supplying labor-saving appliances in

his home as fast as he is able to do so.



To revert to the subject of sewing,

it is often a decided economy to buy

ready-to-wear garments for adults and

children alike. By watching the sales

if near to a large town, or through the

mail order houses, clothing of all

kinds can be bought actually for the

price of the material, or even less. Of

course, the material may not be of the

finest and the making may not bear

very close inspection. However, any-

one not blessed with plenty of time is

fully justified in letting the other

woman, hired by the factory, do her

sewing. Even though the latter may

get better than nothing, very likely

she is glad to get it to do.





 





FASHIONS BY MAY MANTON.





Our large Fashion Book, containing

illustrations of over 700 of the sea-

son’s latest styles, and devoting sev-





eral pages to embroidery designs, will

be sent to any address on receipt of

ten cents.





 





 





   





* ‘DI/

No. 7511—Square Yoke Night Gown.

With high or low neck, with long,

short or. three-quarter sleeves. Sizes

34 to 46 bust.



No. 7520—Child’s Night Dress. With

or without stocking feet and pocket,

with full one-piece or plain two-piece

sleeves. Sizes two to eight years.



No. 7705—Gir1’s Night Gown. Sizes

4 to 12 years. ' '



No. 7322—Girl’s Night Gown. ‘With

high or low neck,' short or long

sleeves, with or without opening at

front. Sizes 6 t'o‘12 years.



No. 8043—Chi1d’s One-piece Night

Gown. With high or low neck, long

or short sleeves, with or without op-

ening at front. Sizes, 2, 4'and 6'years.

‘ The above‘gpatterns‘will'be mailed

to any address by the fashion'depa'rt-

ment'of' the "Michigan. Farmer ‘on re-

ceipt. .0f;te!1..cent.s £91. each- ~

: TbeSHY'EAR’S‘ BARGAIN OFF-EER.



- The” Michigan' Farmer*-three‘-yeare

for $1, or five years for $1.50. See

page 518.





 





   





 





+





 





 





-wu. ~.





—r-— .... l. __w «a ._. “c“...— ‘4 < -—-w-—, 4"." w
‘- ..,.=r-'v anuw “w— < w. -‘.-wv" cw‘ ~—





.‘r’





DEC. 5, 1914. .





'n





THE MICHI





 





GAN FARMERS





21—509





 





- Ell|Iliil||IlilllIlll|Iiil||IllIlllllllIiIll|liiiiilIiil||IlliililI|IllIlllIiiiillI|illilliiI|IllIilllliIllIlllliIiillll||IliIll|||liilllilIIIl|||lillliliiiillIiilllllillll||iIlillilllll|llllliil|llillllllll||illllilllilIiillllIIlliIlllllliililllllillllllfl

e ' s

gFarm Commerce;

ElllliillllIIIii|IIIlllllllllllllllllililllIlIllIlliiillI|IilllI|IlllllIIiillllllIllIIllllilllllIll[IllIllil|iillIlli|I"llI|lIlllllllll|IlilllllilllllllllllllllllilllllilllllilllilllliillllilllliillllIliillllilllillillilllliiilllillililllllllliillllllllflfi





A Bean Growers’ Association.





HE farm market conference at



Saginaw had its initiative in a



letter addressed by the editor of

the Michigan Farmer to the writer.

Mr. Robinson, of the Saginaw County

Farm Bureau, responded to a sugges-

tion in the article in answer to Mr.

Waterbury’s letter as published in the

Michigan Farmer. Ex-Senator A. B.

Cook called over the telephone, say-

ing the time was ripe. The heads of

the several farm organizations of the

state, and farm management leaders

and experts joined in the call for the

conference. _



The meeting held at Saginaw was

well attended, in fact the hall was

crowded. President Welch, of the

State Bean Jobbers’ Association, said

that the elevator men as a whole de-

sired a merchandising proposition to

a speculative one. If the farmers were

to organize and assist in making the

price and~maintaining it by conser-

vating marketing, bean growing would

be more profitable, mutually. Of the

estimated crop of five million bushels

this year, in practically 60 days after

harvesting, one-half of the crop is

out of the farmers’ hands. A sane de-

duction made concerning the market-

ing of beans was that with the mar-

ket starting on a $1.75 basis and now

being at $2.25 per bushel, that the

market started too low, and these fig-

ures would show a loss of over one

million dollars to the growers.



Some objections were voiced against

the grower of beans working with the

elevator men, yet it was apparent that

any other plans were too remote to

deserve present consideration. Advo-

cates of co-operative enterprises have

not always seen that co-operation was

a means to an end, rather than the

end itself. The building of additional

elevators, where existing facilities are

sufficient is, in the world of econom-

ics, as indefensible as the present Eu-

ropean warfare. The proposed organ-

ization of bean growers would be in

position to determine unfair practices

in dealing and cooperate where fair

dealing was practiced.



Competent agricultural advisers con-

servatively estimate that the bean

crop would bring the grower 20 per

cent more if well marketed through

organization. Proper seed selection

might also add another one-fifth to the

crop. While no positive plans were

adopted, the general idea was that the

directors of the bean growers associa-

tion would, after due consideration of

market conditions based on quality

and quantity and other factors, arrive

at the basic price for beans to start

with. This price being agreed to by

the Bean Jobbers’ Association would

be then quoted by them to the trade.

There would be an advance of say

five or ten cents per bushel each

month for a stated period, to cover

insurance, shrinkage and carrying

charges. If there Were conditions that

indicated a weakening of the market,

growers would be advised to‘ assist in





, maintaining the market by Withhold-





ing deliveries. There would also be

arrangements for warehouse receipts

and financial assistance under the

new regional bank act.





By some of the best financial man-

agers in Michigan, this plan is declar-

ed workable, and equitable. One of

the interesting hits of information

brought out at the meeting was the

fact that in the interior portions of

the United States beans reail at 10

cents per pound to the consumer, re-

gardless of the price paid the grower.



There is still hope that the bureau





in markets will detail .a man from





Washington to assist in the‘ county or-

ganizations. The chairman has nam-

ed as two members of the committee

to assist in completing plans for the

organization, A. B. Cook, of Owosso,

and Amos VVelch, of Ionia. The Sagi-

naw county organization will name a

member and it is desired that some

bean grower from the Thumb section

of Michigan be named to complete the

committee.



One day after the Saginaw meeting

there was received advices from C. E.

Bassett, specialist in co-operation for

the Department of Agriculture at

washington. Mr. Bassett gave this

matter some attention last summer,

and his report is based on his obser-

vations here. Mr. Brand, chief 'of the

Division of Markets, said it was the

first case on record where the grow-

ers and distributors of a crop‘were

harmoniously working together to

solve a market problem.



To the general public as well as

bean growers it may be of interest to

know that Michigan raises 70 per cent

of the white bean crop of the United

States and also that the Michigan

Bean Jobbers’ Association is one of

the strongest produce organizations in

the United States.



The tentative plans for organization

as outlined by the Department of Ag-

riculture, are appended, for the gen-

eral information of those interested.



Shiawassee Co. J. N. McBnIDE.





 





A Michigan Bean Association.



Michigan growers and jobbers of

beans realize that they are now fac-

ing questions, relating to production

and marketing, which they are unable

to successfully solve, acting in their

individual capacities. Several meet-

ings of prominent grovvers and dealers

have been held to try to improve con-

ditions, and the following plan of ac-

tion has been agreed upon as being

the most promising:



The organization of a Michigan

Bean Association, made up of county

or district bodies, one representative

from each county or district making

up a board of control of the associa-

tion.



Objects.



(a) To secure better seed by selec-

tion, breeding, etc.



(b) To study and combat diseases

by field demonstrations, etc.



(0) To arrange for the financing of

the growers, through a system of

loans on warehousereceipts, so as to

avoid the need of dumping their beans

on the market faster than the demand

will warrant.



(d) To carry on a campaign of edu-

cation, by advertising, distribution of

cock books, cooking demonstrations,

etc., to promote the more general use

of beans as human food.



(e) To secure and disseminate

among the growers timely and relia-

ble information as to bean crop and

market conditions and to fix a fair

price, below which the growers would

be advised not to sell; said price to be

based upon cost of production, size of

available crop and general market

conditions.



(f) To agree upon a standard of

grades and to assist, by inspection, in

protecting the reputation of these

grades.



(g) To assist the growers in arrang-

ing for reliable selling agencies, so as

to eliminate, as far as possible, the

speculative. feature from the market,

to the advantage of both‘the grower

and consumer.



(h) To assist in securing a proper

distribution of the beans, so that all





consuming centers be fairly supplied

at all times and that gluts be avoided.



(i) To assist in securing better

transportation facilities, the settle-

ment of claims, etc.



Expense of Management.



The association should have a per-

manent ofiice. Necessary funds for

carrying on this work would be raised

by membership fees and a tax of a

small fraction of a cent per bushel,

collected at time of sale for “market-

ing maintenance.”



Method of Organization.





(Suggested).

Articles of agreement and a form of





organization should be drawn up by a

committee made up of representatives

of the various farm organizations,

State Board of Agriculture, Agricul-

tural College, Farm Management, the

farm press and representative grow-

ers. These forms should be printed

and sent to all leaders—county farm

agents, institute lecturers and officers,

the state press, etc. The active sup-

port of these agencies should be se-

cured to obtain the membership of all

bean growers and the collection of the

annual membership fee, which will

furnish the necessary finances for or-

ganization.



As soon as any county has enough

members, let them meet and select

county officers and a member of the

State Board of Control. This board

can then meet and select the officers

of the State Association and adopt

such rules for the management as

may seem desirable.



Organization Agreement.



We, the undersigned Michigan

growers of beans, do hereby associate

ourselves, by the payment of an an-

nual membership fee of ($ ...... ) for

the purpose of organizing a Michigan

Bean Growers’ Association. The ob-

jects shall be to improve methods of

production, grading, inspection, distri-

bution and marketing, the financing of

the growers, increasing the consump-

tion of beans and the securing of

crop and market information, on

which to base a fair selling price.

Each bean growing county shall have

a local organization and each organ-

ized county shall be entitled to a

member on the Board of Control of

the State Association. We also agree

to abide by the rules adopted by said

Board of Control, reserving to our-

selves the rights of the initiative, ref-

erendum and recall regarding all as-

sociation matters.





RURAL CREDIT CONFERENCE.





 





When the leaders of Congress were

requested last summer to put off fur-

ther consideration of the rural credit

subject until the next session of Con-

gress, the promise was made that be-

fore they met again there would be

called a conference of progressive

farmers and others interested in agri-

culture from different sections of the





’country, at which the several plans for





rural credit would be discussed, in the

hope that some definite propositions

might be made by the farmers them-

selves as to what they wanted in rur-

al credit banks. This conference was

called at the National Hotel at W'ash-

ington, November '23-24. The work

was conducted on the order of round-

table discussions or open parliaments

where each bill upon the subject, af-

ter having been explained by an ex-

pert, would be examined by the con-

ference as to its relation to the needs

of different sections of the country.

Among those who attended the ses-

sions and participated in the discus-

sions, were C. B. Kegley, Washington,

Chairman of the Conference; United

States Senator Norris, of Nebraska,

who presented the prOposition for di-

rect loans by the government through

the Postal Savings Department; Herb-





v-ert Quick, West Virginia, Who opened





the discussion of the Landschaften

System, and chairman of the resolu-





tions committee; C. E. Spence, Master





of Oregon State Grange; Capt. Smith,





of Iowa; Mr. Hobbs, North Carolina,

member of Farmers’ Union; H. Har-

land, Master Idaho State Grange; Con-





gressman Bulkley, who explained the





bill called the Hollis-Bulkley bill; J.

D. Ream, Master Nebraska State

Grange; William T. Creasy, Master

Pennsylvania State Grange; United

States Senator Fletcher, of Florida,

who presented the Fletcher-Moss bill;

Mr. Kerr, of the U. S. Department of

Agriculture; Mr. Vancourtland, of

New York, member of European Com-

mission, who gave an account of the

rural credit bank of New York state,

just established; Western Starr, of

Maryland; J. G. McSparran, Commis-

sioner to Europe from Pennsylvania,

who explained difference in condition

and attitude between the American

and European farmers; Mr. Polk, of

Philadelphia; Mr. Phillips, of South

Dakota; Dr. C. J. Owens, Commission-

er to Europe; Mr. Milliken, of Virgin-

ia, who presented the Milliken plan

for Personal Rural Credits, and Geo.

P. Hampton, of New York, who made

in a very complete way, the prelimi-

nary arrangements for the conference.



When the conference opened it

seemed as though it would be impos-

sible to harmonize the wide difference

of opinion that was held by those

present; but so complete and plain

were the explanations of the different

plans, and so frank and full were the

discussions that the resolutions com-

mittee was able to draft a report con-

taining what they thought was the

best ideas in all the plans. The report

was signed by all the members of the

committee (except Mr. Hobbs, North

Carolina, who dissented in a minority

report in favor of direct loans by the

government). The report was adopt-

ed as follows:



Resolutions.



1. That it is the judgment of this

conference that some effective system

of Land Mortgage Credits is neces-

sary in order to place agriculture up-

on a level with other forms of indus-

try, and that federal legislation is es-

sential to the establishment of this re-

sult; we also believe that effective

state legislation along the same lines

is possible.



2. We approve the general princi-

ple of rural credits, based on farm

mortgages.



3. We are opposed to the principle

of direct loans by the government.



4. We approve the widest possible

field of operations as furnishing the

largest sources of credit, the Widest

market for bonds based on mortgage

loans, and as tending to lower the

rates of interest on such loans. We,





therefore, favor the regional program-





of selling (gent-ies as opposed to the

system of local marketing of bonds.

5. \Ye approve the provision of Sec-

tion 30 of the so—called Bulkley Bill,

providing for purchase of bonds by

the government.



6. \Ve do not approve the proposi-

tion that land banks may receive de-

posits for commercial uses.



7. Believing that rural credit land

banks should be controlled in the

interest of the borrower rather than

of the lender, we recommend that the

co-operative principle be preserved in

the organization and administration of

such banks. I



8. We call attention to the value of

a uniform system of registering land

titles in all the states as a condition

favorable to the successful develop-

ment of a land mortgage system or

rural credits and recommend this

proposition to the several states. .



9. We believe the need for a more

effective system of rural personal

credit is equally as great as the need

for better land mortgage facilities, but

that the fundamental differences be-

tween these forms of credit make it





impossible to administer both princi-.

ples in the same system of bank or-





ganization.

We are not prepared to recommend





any specific plan. We do, however,‘





(Continued on page 511).





 





'21:
510—22 .





THE MICHIGAN FARMERS





 





DEC. 5,‘ 1914. '





 





A Successful Marketing Association.





 





, OTATO growers of Michigan

could get a million dollars more

- for this year’s crop than they

are getting; at least, that is the way

men around Greenville, Mich., would

figure it out. '

The farmers of that section have an

association through which a large por-

tion of the potatoes grown thereabouts

is marketed. Through the organiza-

tion these growers are receiving from

two to three cents more for their tubers

than are the growers of other sections

not having the same advantages. This

increase for the 44,044,000 bushels es-

timated to have been harvested by the

growers of Michigan this year would

exceed the million dollar mark. Know-

ing that the readers of this journal





choose the managing officials. The di-

rectors hold three or four meetings

during the year for the purpose of dis-

posing of business matters. At the

time of the annual meeting which is

held during the winter months a ban-

quet is given the members. This so-

cial feature is declared to be helpful

in keeping the farmers loyal to the in-

stitution.



Outsiders can sell to the association

upon the same basis as members, the

only advantage of holding a member-

ship being the privilege to participate

in the control of the organization. It

was conceded by the officers that this

is a weakness and that a greater in-

ducement should be held out to tempt

men to become members. In this or-





 





 





 





Office of Greenville Produce &. Supply Co., a Farmers’ Co-operative Associa-

tion. Mr. Walker, Treasurer and Manager, in Foreground.





would be interested in such an institu-

tion we recently made a study of this

one to learn something of its work and

organization.



To Buy and Sell Potatoes.



The purpose of the association is

“to hold the dealers in line.” The

question was asked several times, and

the above answer was invariably giv-

en. Besides the farmers’ association

there are. three private dealers doing

business in Greenville. Occasionally

these dealers strive to secure addi-

tional quantities of potatoes by ad-

vancing their bids. When these prices

reach a level where the association

cannot afford to purchase, then the

manager advises members and others

to sell to the private concerns. It is

found, however, that when quotations

,are the same, the association gets a

much larger proportion of loads than

do the private concerns. Through this

competition prices are kept up and the

farmers are benefited to an extent

that is not always appreciated.



The main function of this associa-

tion is to buy aml sell potatoes, al-

though coal and fence posts are se-

cured for the members and others,

and eggs, apples and grain are occa-

sionally bought. The amount of busi-

ness done ranges from $50,000 to

$100,000 per year. During the busy

season two, and sometimes three, car-

loads of potatoes are shipped out each

day.- Besides acting in the capacity

of a selling and buying agent, the as-

sociation stores produce for those who

desire to hold for a better market. A

storage building has been provided

where about 5,000 bushels of potatoes

or other products can be held over.

Should the farmers choose to sell their

products elsewhere after being stored

in the association’s warehouse, a flat

rate of one cent per bushel is charged

the holder. Should he choose, howev-

er, to sell to the organization, no stor-

age charges are made.



Organization and Membership.



The concern is organized after the

same manner as most of the mutual

associations in the state are. Any

farmer can become a member by tak-

ing a $10 share of stock. The mem-

bers at their annual meeting select a

board of directors and these directors





ganization it is found that the number

of outsiders who do business is about

equal to the number of members, and

some of the non-members have shown

themselves even more loyal to the as-

sociation than those holding shares.

Capital and Equipment.



The business done has been limited

by the working capital. It was held

that an organization of this kind

should have at least $10,000 with

which to carry on its work. This par-

ticular company, however, has been

getting on with much less. Each year

however, all surplus capital is added

to the working fund, and it is expect-

ed that in time this handicap will be

lessened if not wholly eliminated. Be-

cause potato buying constitutes the

bulk of the business done, the greatest

amount of capital is required in the

fall. By exercising care in selecting

houses to whom shipments are made,

the association has been able to keep

losses down to a minimum; thus the

working capital has been conserved.



The equipment is not expensive, es-

pecially when considered in connec-

tion with the large amount of business

done. The buildings consist of an

office, ,a warehouse and coal sheds.

The value of these structures was es-

timated at from $2,800 to $3,000, this

estimate includes scales and other nec-

essary equipment for handling the

business. The buildings are all well

located for convenience in receiving

and shipping produce. Sidings are

available to two independent lines of

railroads, which is an aid in securing

satisfactory transportation service.



Two men are required to manage

the business and look after the books.

One other regular helper is hired, the

office being kept open throughout the

year. During the fall and at other

times when business is rushing, addi-

tional help is taken on. Since the

farmers who deliver potatoes or other

products do most of the work of un-

loading and placing in the cars, the

association is not required to provide

for a large amount of labor outside of

the clerical and managerial duties.

This enables the accomplishment of a

big business at little outlay.



, How Financed.



Expenses are met in the same way





as a private concern would meet them.

The margin between the buying and

selling prices goes to defray the cost

of labor, upkeep, interest, deprecia-

tion, incidentals, etc., but this margin

is narrower than with the private con-

cerns. All that is required to pay on

the money invested is six per cent in-

terest. There is no desire to pile up

dividends. Consequently the associa-

tion is able to quote the farmers high-

er prices than a private concern would

do unless forced by competition.



Since the main purpose of this ven-

ture is to help potato growers the

management endeavors to make the

post and coal business pay a. large

portion of the general expenses of the

year. This they have been able to do

and still be in a position to make at-

tractive quotations to purchasers. On-

ly on a few occasions has it been nec-

essary for the directors to go to the

members for subscriptions to make up

a deficit.



This association has been doing bus-

iness for about eight years. The pres-

ent manager is a farmer and had

had no previous experience in the

produce business. This, however, does

not prove that it is advisable to ac-

cept the services of any person in this

capacity. It merely demonstrates that

occasionally a farmer may be found

who can go ahead and succeed with a

business of this kind. The Greenville

concern has been very fortunate in

this regard.



Further Suggestions.



During our interview suggestions for

improvements were made by the man-

ager. In the first place, educational

features have been neglected; scarce-

ly anything has been done to encour-

age the production of more and better

potatoes. Only by mere accident have

farmers secured knowledge through

the association of the better varieties

of potatoes to grow, kinds of fertiliz-

ers to use and the most approved

methods of culture and spraying. It

would entail comparatively little ex-

pense to conduct a comprehensive

campaign that would directly aid the

growers of the community. It is felt

that this work would serve also in

keeping members more loyal in times

of unfavorable competition or other

trying difficulties. '



It was also suggested that the asso-

ciation could be useful in introducing





 





a small bank account. In spite of this

condition, it must be admitted that

the Greenville Association has been

remarkably successful in the business

accomplished on so small a. working

capital and with so limited an equip-

ment. This only goes to show that

where a number of persons in a-com-

munity are imbued with the spirit of

co-operation, there is no excuse for

their not trying out the plan. Of

course, it frequently happens that a

large investment will often cause men

to stand by a. concern longer and

thereby help it through trying times

than if no money is involved, but on

the other hand, many co-operative con-

cerns have failed by reason of an ov-

er-investment. That same common

sense that brings the individual suc-

cess should be present in the organi-

zation and management of co-opera-

tive concerns.



The Greenville Produce Company

must be complimented for the quiet

but effective manner in which it has

conducted so large a business for the

community it serves. While its offi-

cers do not claim it to be a model co-

operative enterprise the fruits of their

labors show that the concern has been

well guided.



RESPONSIBILITY FOR CLEANLI-



NESS 0F MILK.





 





Where does the responsibility of the

milk dealer begin and where does it

end? This question is being asked

many times each day by all classes of

people that have anything to do with

milk and it is hard to place the blame.

Professor Ivan C. W'eld, head of the

Department of Research, George M.

Oyster, Jr., Washington, D. C., at-

tempted to answer this question at a

meeting in connection with the recent

National Dairy Show. It is interest-

ing to note in this connection that the

George M. Oyster,. Jr., enterprise is

one that has for its object the sanita-





tion of milk supplies and one of the .





projects which has been worked out

is the relative effect on infant mortal-

ity of pasteurized or raw milk. While

it is true that raw milk seems to be

more palatable for babies, yet the re-

sults seemed to show that the mortal-

ity was not so high when the children

were fed on pasteurized milk.



“A man should be held responsible





 





 





The Cost of Handling is Reduced by the Farmers Removing Loads to Cars.





new varieties of potatoes; for it is in

a much better position to do this than

are individuals. Where seed from 10-

calities peculiarly situated to grow su-

perior stock is wanted, the associa-

tion could import the seed and sell to

the members.



Another suggestion made by the

management was the need for a larg-

er working capital. It is a great band-

icap in busy seasons to have limited

funds for buying. Much worry and

confusion results in an effort to se-

cure advancements on shipments, to

make loans and otherwise patch out





for the product which he sells,” is the

opinion of Professor Weld. If the

producer of the product is also the re-

tailer of it, as often happens in the

milk business, then the producer is

responsible for the cleanliness and

purity of his product. If dealers do

not produce the milk which they re-

tail, they should get definite informa-

tion as to just how that product is ob-

tained. This is not only good busi—

ness but it is a duty which the dealer

owes to the people who repose confi-

dence in him and trust him with one

of the most easily contaminated foods





\





 





l





-r~ ,.....s.._-w.._f. .__- “v— __
‘1’. —- .— .__. _.





- *1... ' ~»~——n.ww ,.......u...m.__.‘—.e... q...





 





DEC. 5, 1914.





there is. The dealer should get aguar-

antee from the producer that the milk

has been produced under certain, con-

ditions. Besides this, a rigid form of

inspection as well as chemical and

bacteriological laboratories should be

provided in connection.



“Safety First” should be the slogan

of the milk dealer as he holds more

lives in his hands than does the en-

gineer on any of our greatest conti-

nental thoroughfares. Most cities

have an ordinance stating that milk





- T,H'E,MICHIGAN FARMER





shall be’ considered adulterated if the

test goes below 3.5 per cent, and so

dealers should discourage thin, low-

testing milk and encourage the pro-

duction of highes testers by giving a

bonus on this high-testing milk. After

the dealer has taken care to cull out

those producers who are unreliable,

Professor Weld believes that the most

healthful product would result were

it pasteurized and delivered at a tem-

perature of not more than 50 deg. F.

Ingham Co. I. J. MATHEWS.





mmmummmmwwmmmmmmmmwmummmmmmmwmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm





The Possibility of the Auction.





.HE much-shouted slogan, “Elim-

T inate the middlemen,” has been

not unlike some of the ultra-

fashions of the past decade. It was a

bit too radical and has been abandon-

ed or modified by most students of

marketing for something more con-

servative. The New York Marketing

Commission showed this in a striking

way when it presented statistics show-

ing that, should the wholesale dealers

in the metropolis be done away with,

the procession of retailer’s wagons

lined up to secure produce at the un‘

loading stations would be so long that

it would take an entire week for them

to be taken care of. Middlemen are a

necessity in the large modern cities

and the rightfully popularized slogan

of today is, “Eliminate some or the

Middlemen.” '

The Auction System.



It appears to the writer that the

scheme of disposing of fruit and pro-

duce by public auction is one which

would accomplish the results desired

and should receive much more atten-

tion than it is being given. _Market-

men are familiar with such scenes as

those enacted daily on the piers of the

Erie Railroad in New York city, where

thousands of cars of fruits are sold

annually. Most other large cities,

such as Chicago, Pittsburg and St.

Louis, employ this method to quite an

extent, but in no place is it develops

ed to the full possibilities which it of-

fers. One reason for this was demon-

strated to the writer recently in in-

terviewing brokers and merchantmen

of Water street in Chicago. They were

unanimous in denouncing the encour-

agement of the auction system. And

why? Because it meant that they

would be put out of business. Under

the auction system the number of

dealers who handled the product and

deducted their own fee without adding

anything to the value of the produce

itself would be reduced to a minimum.





Taking the Short Cut.



A few days ago the writer observed

nine separate and successive transac-

tions made on a car of potatoes be-

fore the tubers themselves arrived in

Chicago. Each dealer in turn had ar-

ranged to buy and sell the car of pro-

duce at a profit. These prospective

deals were, of course, all conducted

on paper and the majority of dealers

involved did not even expect to see

the potatoes. In this instance, how-

ever, the grower happened to visit the

market shortly before the arrival of

his car and was shrewd enough to dis-

cover that the bulk of his profits were

to go‘into the pockets of the middle-

men. Accordingly he made other ar-

rangements and cancelled his original

bargain with the first dealer. The re-

maining eight tentative transactions

then collapsed like ,a row of dominoes

and the retail trade was reached

through a single middleman.



Retail Prices Should Change with



Wholesale Values.



The Mayor’s Market Commission of

New York makes the following criti-

cism:





ent retailing system is the inflexibil-

ity of prices. They fail to reflect the

fluctuations of wholesale prices so

greatly that the wholesale market may

be glutted and goods be spoiling in

the freight yards, and the retail prices

through the city be scarcely depress-





“The greatest fault of the pres—_





ed. This condition is due to many

causes: A season of high prices will

accustom the public to regard these

prices as normal, with the result that

they either cease to buy the article or

view with suspicion goods marked at

a lower figure. The public knows very

little about wholesale prices, as they

are not reported in a way to reach av-

erage consumers; consequently the

demand for goods is not formed intel-

ligently. The system of marketing

goods through a long system of deal-

ers tends toward rigidity in demand

and price. Both jobber and retailer

are cautious about buying more than

their accustomed retail trade will

move off, and will rather buy the us-

ual quantity and hold it at a profitable

price than take the risk of buying

freely when the market is low and

working up a demand for the goods.”



Auctions Control Large Markets.



Governor W. H. Glynn, in his com-

munication to the New York Legisla-

ture, recommending the establishment

of general auction markets where

farm products could be sold by licens-

ed auticoneers, recalls the establish-

ment of such auction markets in

France some twenty years ago and the

provision then made for publicly 1i-

censed auctioneers. Although only a

comparatively small percentage of all

the produce'sold by farmers in France

now passes through the hands of pub-

lic auctioneers, the fact that this

method of selling is open to all pro-

ducers and is comparatively free from

abuses, serves to fix prices and define

standard grades and packages. It has

compelled produce dealers and mer-

chants to treat their shippers with

fairness and justice.



Establishing Just Prices.



In such cities as Chicago most of

the fresh fruits of California and the

west are disposed of through auction.

The sales are conducted by auction

companies who tax both the shipper

and the buyer to such an extent that

stock in these organizations is held as

an excellent investment. Even with

the auction companies taking out their

profit it has proven to be a satisfac-

tory sales method of disposing of to-

bacco in Virginia and North Carolina,

wool from the northern Rocky Moun-

tain states, and to some extent, rice in

Louisiana and Texas. In some coun-

tries fish are handled by this method.

In every instance it has been shown

that the unnecessary middlemen have

been eliminated and that on the whole

produce sold under the hammer goes

at its rightful value. Certainly no

more simple and efficient device could

be conceived for the unhampcred op-

eration of the law of supply and de-

mand on prices.



From what has already been done

along this line, it seems logical to be-

lieve that auction sales conducted at

cost by municipal governments through

licensed auctioneers would simplify

the present complex marketing sys-

tem, giving to the producer the real

value of his crop and to the consumer

the benefit of all advantages which

are rightfully his.





Illinois. D. W. FRANCISCO.





 





A BEAN GROWERS’ ASSOCIATION.





 





~(Continued from page 509).

recommend to the Congress such fur-

.ther investigation of .the -subiect .as





may develop informed opinion and

lead to effective legislation. .



It will be seen that the first eight

resolutions refer to land mortgage

credits and the ninth to personal cred-

its. A resolution wasadopted by the

conference not only to continue the

work for which the conference was

called, but also to organize a cam-

paign in favor of rural personal cred-

its. To this end another resolution

was adopted asking the president to

appoint a commission to take testi-

mony and gather information con-

cerning rural personal credits—John

A. McSparran.





iiiilillllliiiillliilllllllllllllliiilll[ii||llll|iiiil|ilillliiliiliIiiiilllIiiillli“llllllliiilllil||ii]lllliilillliillliiiilli

Crop and Market Notes.





Michigan.



Clare Co., Nov. 23.———The ground is

frozen and we have had light flurries

of snow. Crops secured except corn,

and shredders are busy. Farmers are

fixing up their buildings for winter.

Lots of beans being sold at $2.15

per bushel. No hay sold on account

of the quarantine. Butter 280; eggs

26c; cream 300; fowls 80.



Kalkaska Co., Nov. 19.—— light snow

covers the ground, which is frozen too

hard for plowing. Some corn is yet

to be husked. Wheat and rye are in

good condition. Some hogs and cattle

still in farmers’ hands, owing to the

quarantine. Market for potatoes is

very unsatisfactory. Beans are bring-

ing about $2. Poultry prices are low.

Rough feed is plentiful.



Washtenaw Co., Nov. 21.—The yield

of crops has been very satisfactory.

Potatoes have made the best average

yield in years, 250 bushels per acre

being nothing uncommon. Corn a good

crop, many fields doing better than

100 bushels per acre. Beans fair but

not up to the average. New meadows,

wheat and rye are going into the win-

ter in far better than average condi-

tion. Not much stock except cows

left. The largest part of grain raised

is marketed through cows and hogs.

Farmers generally have an abundance

of feed for their own use, with some

bay to sell, which brings $11; potatoes

350; butter 350; eggs 280.



New Jersey.



Monmouth Co., Nov. 23.—Meadows

and new seedin poor on account of

dry weather. heat and rye looking

good. Potatoes yielded about 125 bu.

per acre, and are worth 50@60c. Hogs

are about the only live stock being fed

and they are scarce and high. Corn

husking is about all done, with a good

crop. The weather has been very dry

until last week. Wheat $1@1.10; rye

800; corn 65@7OC.



Ohio.



'Hancock Co., Nov. 21.—Potatoes

yielded very well. Corn is making a

fair yield, late corn being very good.

Meadows good, wheat and rye not as

good as usual owing to the recent cold

weather. Many hogs on feed yet, as

this county and many others are un-

der quarantine for foot-and-mouth dis-

ease, which is very bad in eastern

part of the county. Plenty of feed on

hand for winter. Some hay and wheat

will be sold, but not much corn. Hay

$11@13; potatoes 450; chickens 9c;

wheat $1.05



Warren Co., Nov. 23.——Corn husking

is almost done, the yield being about

70 per cent of average, and quality

fair. Wheat looking good; meadows

fine, though some seeding was dam-

aged by summer drouth. No live

stock of any kind moving owing to

the quarantine against foot-and-mouth

disease, though there are no cases in

this county. Hog cholera is still tak-

ing its toll. There are a good many

hogs ready for market as soon as

shipping can be resumed. A few cat-

tle are also ready. Farmers have

plenty of roughage for winter, but

many will have to buy grain and dairy

feeds. About ten per cent of the wheat

crop is still in farmers’ hands. Corn

500; oats 500; wheat $1.08; butter

35c; cream 81c; eggs 350; chickens

130 per pound.



Carroll Co., Nov. 23.—We-have nice

weather, not much snow yet, and the

roads are in the finest condition. The

farmers are busy husking corn and

shredding fodder; there is a. lot of

soft corn this year. All live stock

is 1n fine condition, and there is no

foot-and-mouth disease here.





Indiana.



Elkhart Co., 'Nov. 19.——The weather

has been fine for fall work. Potatoes

are yielding well. Corn about half a

crop. New seeding of wheat and rye

fine. Farmers are well supplied with

roughage. Little grain and stock are

being marketed on account of the

quarantine. There are quite a num-

ber of farm sales, and stock and farm

tools selling cheap. Hay $15; corn

550; wheat $1.07; hogs $7; chickens

10c; eggs 30c; butter 28c.





~ .. (Continuedpn page 513):





The Galloway Masterpiece eh. p. at our new low

price is the power sensation of the year. It's osl-

ively the most engine for the money ever of ered

by anybody. any‘place. anywhere, at an time. It’s

positively A 1 in lgh quality of materla . finish, de-

sign and workmanship. Absolutely supreme In power.

Ilmpucfly and design. not over-rated, nor high-

speeded but large ore and stroke, and plenty of

low speed, built for long hard. continuous

. All other sizes from 1 3-4 in. p. up to is h. .

proportionately low in price. Our engines are mad;

n our own great modern factories by the thousands.

from the very finest materials. on automatic ma-

chinery, all parts standardized and alike and sold to

you direct from the factory for less money than mid-

dlemen can buy engines no better at wholesale and

in man cases not nearly so good, in solid carioads

for spo cash.





Don’t Get Fooled





by the limit highqpeeded, short-lived. cheap engine.



nor b e high priced, ordinary engine with four .

midd emen’s profits as the only excuse for that price.

Check our engine point for point with them all.

measure the bore and stroke, put them on the scales

for weight, size them all up for slm liclty, then test

ours out side by side with every ma 8 and kind, re-

gardless of who makes it or what price they ask, and

we will leave it entirely to on so be

sumsrmass'm me



8 a e

bank bond. y a ”5'0“,

v liable Engine Book FREE



Send a postal today for our 1915 prop-



osition and valusb e engine book that



is full of information, pictures and let-



ters from satisfed customers that tell



. the abstaugaugn‘th fiboutfihiloway en-



or e as lug. Address



WM. MAIN“. THE WM. GALLON" WMPANY



185 Cell Sta.





0 I eterloo lows





 





 





 





 

 

 





W

antes

, $1 Strep Free

Try the ”Dixie" Razor be-

fore you pay. Worth 3.50 Specisl

price 81.45. Extra hollow ground—best

Sheffield steel. 65,000 sold. .1 strop given free for prompt

payments. Write letter or postal saying "Send me your

$3.50 Dixie Razor on free trial consignment. Will poy SL45

and, receive free strop or return razor in 10 ds s."





 





 





DIXIE MFG. C0.. Box 9- Union i2. Gs.





 





q

=

I

(‘peiesslzeu mien spun





 





Ira Ward. Howell, Mich.. writes: “I used Save-

The-Horse on 9. Bone Spavin: previously doctored

for years without benefit. She is working hard.

Thanks for advice and Save-The-Horse.



No blistering or loss of hair. A Signed Con-

tract Bond to return money if remedy fails on

ngbono— Thoropin —- SPAVIN — and ALL:-

Shoulder. Knee. Ankle; Hoof and Tendon Disease.





You risk nothing by writing; it; costs nothing .





for advice and there will be no string to it.





Save-The-Horse BOOK, Sample Contract and} 3





ADVICE—All Free (to Horse Owners and Mm:

gers.) Address,





TROY CHEMICAL €0.30 Conner-ea Au..Blulmnton,l.Y,





Drngglsts everywhere sell Sue-the-Horse WITH CON-

TRACT. orwe send by Penal Post or Express Polio





LOESER BROS.





Importers and Breeders of





Belgian and Percheron Stallions and Mares





We received an importation after the war

broke out in Europe. We are one of the

largest importers in America and the

closest to the Michigan trade. See us

before you buy as we always have from

80 to 100 head.





LIGONIER, IND.

PERGHEHUN STALLIUNS





FOR SALE.





two and three-yenr-olds, black. These

£75 which)? agdtdezirebfle horses tof our own trees 81036..

e se rec o e armor is ‘

and invite inspection. reasonable prices.





A. A. PALMER & SONS,

R. R. Station Orleans. P. 0. Belding, Mich.





 





 





Registered Percherons,

BBOOD MAKES. FILLIES AND YOUNG

STALLIONS at grloes that will surprise you.

L. C. HUNT & 0.. Eaton Rapids. Michigan.





Fig.0" Pony Farm—Reg. Shetmd Ponies, mostly





stallionand oung ‘





spots. 1 s t

stock for sale. Dr. W. T. Egorrison. Pigeon. ioh.





ICE FLOWS





6 sizes. rises 810.72 to $18.90.

every p ow warranted. Sent

on trial. Also tools. Catalog.

WI. H, PRAY. Verb-at, I. Y





 





 

 





When writing advertisers please

mention The Michigan Farmer. '





 





 





““1“.an ‘....,' .' .‘





WW . .W_ _ new,





.-«......m..u. mm





rm...“ ._..............-~... . ~.





-. um W.-.._..Wi.._.
I





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





’ DEC. 5, 1914.





 





512—24

LEIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIQ

Markets.

E , a

EIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII





GRAINS AND SEEDS.





December 1, 1914.



Wheat—The trading in this grain

continues on practically the same has-

is as prevailed last week. Monday’s

market started off with a weak tone,

due largely to the bearish sentiment

abroad which was based upon large

surplus estimates from Argentine.

There was a reaction, however, when

the visible supply for America showed

a decrease instead of an increase, as

was expected. The receipts at pri-

mary elevators had been large, and

accumulations were expected to be

such as would discourage trading at

last week’s values. There had, how-

ever, been considerable buying and

liberal exports, which seems to have

more than overbalanced the sales by

farmers, and resulted in a sharp up-

turn in prices. Cash wheat is in good

demand on the local market, and mil-

lers report an increase in orders for

flour. One year ago the price for No.

2 red Wheat was 97%c per bushel.

Quotations are as follows:





 





No. 2 No. 1



Red. White. May.

Wednesday 1 13% 1.10% 1.23

Thursday .............

Friday ......... 1.12% 1.09% 1.21 %

Saturday . . . .1.13 1.10 1.22

Monday . . . . . ...1.13% 1.10% 1.221

Tuesday ....... 1 14 1.11 1.22%





Chicago, (Nov. 30).-—No. 2 red

Wheat $1.12%@1.143/8; Dec., $1.13'7/3;

May $1.197/3.



Corn.~—Our quotations for corn this

week are on the basis of the new

crop. Farmers have been selling corn

liberally and these heavy receipts at

primary elevators depressed the mar-

ket. Especially on Monday, did the

bearish influence show in the down-

ward movement of values; however,

when wheat took a sudden turn up-

ward a rally in corn recovered a con-

siderable of the loss. One year ago

the price for No. 3 corn was 680 per





bushel. Quotations are as follows:

No. 3 No. 3

Mixed. Yellow.

Wednesday ......... 66 67

Thursday ........... . . . .

Friday .............. 65 66

Saturday ............ 64 65

Monday ............ 63 % 64 %

Tuesday ............ 63 % 64 %





Chicago, (No’v. 30).——No. 2 yellow

corn 68%0; Dec. 63c; May 69c per bu.



Oats.—Trading in this grain has

been governed almost entirely by the

course of other grains. A large por-

tion of the grain moving is under con-

tract, and the general tone of the deal

is steady. Foreign buyers are taking

the grain liberally. One year ago

standard oats were quoted at 430 per





bushel. Quotations are as follolvlvs :3



0.



Standard. White.



Wednesday ......... 51 50%

Thursday ........... . . . .

Friday ............. 50 % 50

Saturday ........... 50 % 50

Monday ............ 50% 50

Tuesday ............ 0% 50



Chicago, (Nov. 30).-——No. 3 white





oats 47@47%c; standard 48@48%c;

Dec., 48c; May 5214c per bushel.





Beans.—Bearish sentiment returned _





to the bean markets this week and

prices are down. Export demand has

fallen off. On the local market trad-

ing is dull. Detroit quotations are:

Immediate and November shipment

$2.35; December $2.40. Chicago re-

ports a weaker tone and lower prices

for pea beans. Pea beans, hand-pick-

ed, choice, are quoted at $2.50; com-

mon at $2.35@2.50; red kidneys,

choice, at $3.25@3.50.



Rye—This grain continues to ad-

vance and No. 2 is now quoted at

$1.06, which lc higher than last week.



Clover Seed.—Market is easy and

quiet. Prime spot quoted at $9.15;

December $9.25: March $9.45; prime

alsike sells at $8.75.



Toledo—Prime cash $9.20; De-

cember $9.20; March $9.45; prime al-

sike $9.





FLOUR AND FEEDS.

Flour.———Jobbing lots in one-eighth

paper sacks are selling on the Detroit

market per 196 lbs., as follows: Best

patent $6.20; second $5.80; straight

$5.35; spring patent $6.50; rye fiour

$5.60 per bbl.



‘Feed.~—In 100—lb. sacks, jobbing lots

are: Bran $24; standard middlings

$25; fine middlings $32; coarse corn

meal $32; corn andoat chop $28 per

ton.





Hay.—Quotations are steady. Car-

lots on track at Detroit are: New,

No. 1 timothy $16@16.50; standard





$15@15.50; N0. 2, $13@14; N0. 3, $10

@12





Chicago—Choice grades are steady

at slightly lower values, while com-

mon is steady. Choice timothy $17@





 





33.50; No. 1, $15@15.5o; 'No. 2, $12@





Straws—Steady. Rye $7.50@8'; oat





straw, $7@7.50; wheat straw- $7.@7.50.





a ton. ; ; . . .

Chic‘agor—Rye straw $9@9.50;' oat

and wheat straw $6@6.50. ' ’ _





 





DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





Butter.—Market shoWed briskness

Monday at last week’s prices. Extra

creamery 32c; firsts 290; dairy 210;

packing stock 20c per Ib .



Chicago—While the prices remain

steady trading early this week show-

ed an easier tone. Choice goods show

fair inquiry but inferior grades rule

easy. Extra creamery 32c; extra

firsts 30@3lc; firsts 27%@29%c; sec-

onds 24@26%c; packing stock 21@

21%c.



Elgin.—Sold at 320, which is the

same as last week.



Eggs—Market firm 'with prices

unchanged. Fresh stock sells at 30c

per dozen; current receipts 26%0.



Chicago—Aside from the demand

for strictly fine eggs there is very lit-

tle pressure in the egg trade here this

week. Pricesrule lower. Miscellan-

eous lots, cases included, 20@29c; or-

dinary firsts 26@27c; firsts ‘28@290

per dozen. ' , . .



Poultry.—Offerings are large and

the trading is .easy. Prices unchang-

ed. Springs 120; hens 10@120; ducks





 





14%@15c; geese 14@14%c; turkeys



18@200. ~ - -

Chicago—Values for all kinds are



off with the demand weak and supply





heavy. Quotations on live are: Fowls





’5 good 9%@100; spring chickens 10%c;





ducks 10%c; guinea hens, per dozen,

$3.50; turkeys 10@12%c; geese 8@

100 per lb.





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





Fruits—Pears, Keiffers 50@60c;

1grapes 12@14c for blue, per pony bas-



e .



Chicago—Pears, Keiffers, $2.50@

2.75 per barrel; Catawba grapes 7@

100 per pony basket.



Applies—A better feeling prevails

and good stock is moving with more

freedom. Baldwins $2@2.50 per bbl;

Greenings $2.50@2.75; Spy $3; Steele

Red $3.50; Ben Davis»$1.50@2.



Chicago—Market is. steady for bar-

rels and boxes. Bulk apples are about

over and a good per cent of the

offerings is small and inferior. Bald-

wins $2@2.25; Kings $2.50@2.75;

Wageners $2@2.25; Jonathans $3.50@

4; Greenings $2.50@2.75; Northern

Spy $2.25@2.50; bulk apples 50@90c

per 100 lbs., according to quality.

Western box apples are selling for 750

@225 per box.



Vegetables—Cabbage firm at last

week’s prices 75c@$1 per bbl. At Chi-

cago demand is fair but supply lib-

eral, quoted at 900 per bbl, $10 per

ton for Danish.





 





Potatoes—Market steady with sup-,





plies liberal. Carlots 30@35c per bu;

in bulk 35@40c per. bushel in sacks;

at Chicago the market is weak at low-

er values. Michigan White, in bulk,

are quoted at 40@46c per bushel; at

Greenville, Mich., 300 in bulk. .



Onions.——-Market firmer and prices

are steady, quoted at $1 per hundred

in bulk. At Chicago the market is

higher. Michigan stock being quoted

at $1.25@1.50 per 100 lb. sack.





GRAND RAPIDS.





 





The city market was closed Novem-

ber 30, and will reopen April 1, ac-

cording to the custom of past years.

The market space is open the year

round, however, for farmers with hay

and straw to sell and isused quite

freely in open weather. The potato

market does not show much change,

tubers selling here in a small way at

40@450, with Greenville quotations at

30c, and prices at Cadillac and other

leading stations ranging around 250.

Apples are reported in somewhat bet-

ter demand, 'though ‘the movement

is still slow. Dealers are quoting 32

@33c for fresh eggs, and'26@27c for

No. 1 dairy butter. Fowls are worth

80 live Weight, ducks and geese 100,

turkeys 14c. ' ' .





DETROIT EASTERN MARKET.





 





The recent warm weather has en-

couraged trading on the city market.

Apples are moving with more snap,

with prices ranging from 400@$1. Po-

tatoes are firmer at 45@500, according

to quality. Onions 40@75c for com-

mon; carrots 350; rutabagas25@300;

cabbage 400; celery 15@25c, accord-

ing to quality. No changes in the hay

situation. ‘ . -



,WOO'L.





 





Supplies of the desirable grades of

wool have become so, limited. that

large transactions are becoming al-

most impossible. For this reason the

aggregate sales of. the past week at

Boston were considerably below those

of previous weeks. Woolen mills on

this side are receiving liberal orders





\





for bot-h domestic and foreign trade.

This, with the embargo on wool from

British colonies and the short supply

should keep values. on ..a comparative-

ly high basis. Fleece wools are only

moderately active, with pricies at the

high point of the season. Half-bloods





. are selling at .250; three-eighths cloh-





ing at 260;qfine delaines 26%0; and

quarter-bloods 30c. Foreign prices con-

tinhe firm.





CHICAGO LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





_ . December 1, 1914.-



. Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Receipts today..13,000 32,000 20,000

Same day 1913..22,901 38,577 34,635

Last week ..... 25,343 140,631 67,191

Same wk 1913...36,299 137,299 123,242

This Monday sees the beginning of

another new system by which live

stock arriving here is divided between

quarantined stock that must be killed

here and unquarantined stock that

may be shipped out alive to slaughter-

ing points. Trade in the former di-

vision was very slow at generally

weak or lower prices, while in the

shipping division there was more life

and firmness in prices. Trade was

late in getting started in cattle, with

geod fat beeves held at firmer to high-

er prices, while sheep and lambs of

quality, sold at steady prices, with a

shipper. paying $9.50 for prime lambs,

a small advance. Hogs in the quar-





 





 





antined division sold much lower, but





in .the shipping division they opened

a dime higher, with a $7.70 top, but

later the improvement was largely

lost. Hogs received last week aver-

aged 214 lbs., or six lbs. less than a

week earlier.



Workmen have built a tight board

fence dividing the stock yards, and on

one side all cattle from states not‘un-

der foot-and-mouth disease quarantine

are to be received and sold. These

animals are to be allowed to be sent

from here to other points. On the

other side of the fence are handled

live stock from Illinois and other

quarantined states, and these must be

slaughtered upon arrival. This plan

was developed in order to make pos-

sible the resumption of live stock

shipments from Chicago, discontinued

since November ,2. On Monday, No-

vember 16, the yards were opened to

incoming stock, but the embargo

against outgoing animals remained in

force. Since then eflorts have been

made by live stock interests to ar-

range a plan by” which shipments

could be made from here, shipments

in normal times comprising about 40

per cent of the live stock business of

Chicago. Separate sellers and buyers

have charge of the cattle in the

“clean” division. Traders late last

week were waiting anxiously for ord-

ers from Washington allowing ship-

ments of healthy stock from here in

sealed cars to points for slaughter,

but no stock can be sent out for feed-

ing purposes.



Cattle prices firmed up last week

and ruled 25@500 higher for most. de-

sirable offerings, owing to the light

supplies more than to any large de-

mand from city buyers. Of course,

inability to ship live stock from here

was a serious obstacle to large buy-

ing, and had the offerings been any-

where near normal, prices would have

gone much lower. A large share of

the beef steers went at $7.50@8.75,

with choice beeves taken at $9.50@

9.75 and a few sales of fancy beeves

at $10@10.35. Good steers brought

$8.75 and upward, and sales were

made all the way down to $5.75@7.75

for inferior to fair grades, the cheaper

lots comprising thin, light-weight

steers that ordinarily sold as feeders

to go to country points'for finishing.

Handy little yearlings sold especially

well, and there was a good traffic in

butchering cows and heifers at $5.15

@925, with cutters at $4.75@5.10, can-

ners at $3.65@4.70 and bulls at $4.85

@725. Calves had a good sale on the

basis of $5@11.50 for coarse heavy to

prime light vealers. Many thousands

of distillery-fed cattle were shipped

direct from Peoria, 111., to a big pack-

ing house. With Chicago quarantined

against shipments oflive stock from

here, rival markets received much

larger supplies of stock than usual.

Thanksgiving Day, for the first time,

was observed as a day of trading in

live stock.



‘Hogs met with an unexpectedly good

demand last week, and .prices ruled

firm as a general rule, with some re-

actions, and prime weighty consign-

ments sold the highest, as was natural

with a larger representation of light

and middling weights than was seen

several weeks ago. Recent receipts

have averaged in weight 220 lbs., com-

paring with 209 lbs. a year ago, 224

lbs. two years ago,- 214 lbs. three

years ago and 233.1bs. four years ago.

Prices paid compared well with aver«

age years and were not greatly differ-

ent from'th’ose quoted one and-two

years ago. There was a narrow spread

in prices, and the bulk sold close to-

gether. ‘Other markets received larger

supplies than in ordinary times, and

the other day St. Paul reported rec-





. a... . 3.. » - -. - u _.,._,, .. J, m...





ord-breaking receipts... Provisions were

in good demand. Top for hogs for the





week Was $7.75, with Saturday sales.





at $7_@7.__65 for inferior lightzto prime

heavy. hogs, while pigs brought $4@7.

The best hght hogs‘vsold a‘dime below

the best weightl’y lots. ' - -



.Sheep and lambs sold remarkably

high last week under the influence of

a strong general demand, the receipts

being greatly inadequate. Lambs com-

prised a large ‘share of the offerings

and sold up to $9.45, while prime light

yearlingsbrought $8 and fancy two-

year-old wethers $6.40@6.50. On Sat-

urday quotations Were: Lambs $6.25

@945; yearlings $6@8; wethers $4.50

@650; ewes $3.50@5.75; bucks and

stags $3.50@4.50. Prices closed un-

usually high all around.





. Horses have arrived in recent weeks

In much larger numbers than a year

ago, and offerings embraced numerous

southern horses. Prices have ruled

lower in many instances, the better

class excepted, with no large showing

of the class of good to prime drafters

valued at $240@285. ' Army horses for

shipment to European countries are

the most active, mounts selling at

$100@135 and artillery horses 'at $150

@175. Commercial chunks go at $160

@200 for horses weighing from L300

to 1,400 lbs., and inferior animlas are

slow at $60@95, while drivers go us-

ually at $100@200. Fair drafters are

valued at $210@235.





LIVE STOCK NEWS.





 





The Northwestern National Bank of

Minneapolis, the representative bank

of the Minneapolis federal reserve dis-





trict, has been gathering valuable in-.





formation from its country corres-

pondents regarding the operations of

farmers and stockmen in that part of

the country. Part of its information

received from Minnesota correspond~

ents follows: “Our best land is sell-

ing at $120 an acre. We are dropping

out of cattle for the market, but raise

more hogs and sheep and keep from

10 to 15 cows for dairying purposes on

the quarter. The average farmer on

a quarter section of land will turn of

$2,000 worth of hogs up to $3,500 at

the present prices. Farmers in this

section in the last 20 years have dou-

ble discounted the merchants in the

way of earnings. In a radius of 10

miles there are 25 farmers worth bet-

ter than $50,000. Practically every-

where throughout the state corn is

mentioned as a good crop.”



Official proclamation that foot and

mouth disease in human beings is con-

tagious and that physicians must im-

mediately report cases was made a

few days ago by the Chicago health

commissioner, Dr. Young. He says:

“Foot and mouth disease is transmis-

sable to man, especially to children,

by means of milk, but the danger is

entirely removed by pasteurization. At

the present time the disease, as far as

we can learn, affects only a very small

fraction of the territory supplying

milk to the Chicago market. There is

consequently not the slightest occa-

sion for any popular hysteria on the

subject of the milk supply. About 82

per cent of the milk now sold in the

City is pasteurized. If the public will

confine its purchases of milk to that

which comes from plants installed and

properly operated pasteurizing‘e‘quip-

ment, they need not concern them-

selves about the danger of infection.

There is no danger of transmission

by means of meat or meat products."





In various parts of Iowa there are

as many horses as cattle, and farmers

are reported to be raising their calves

mstead of selling them, as formerly.

Feed, fodder and straw are plentiful,

With a good crop of corn as well as of

hay, except in sandy soil. '



Large numbers of sheep have been

shipped into Texas from Mexico and

New Mexico, as this industry proved

very profitable for winter. The flocks

are pastured, and the cost of fatten-

ing IS small, marketing being done in

the spring. Texas and other southern

farmers are going to diversify their





farming work more than in the past, '





the folly of sticking to cotton so

largely being new apparent, even if. It

is the easiest crop to raise.



Ranchmen in Texas are going more

generally into stock farming than

heretofore, and forage feeds are being

grown extensively. ' No attempts are

made to raise corn or wheat, but

ranchmen are growing kaifir ‘corn,

milo maize and cane, which are sure

crops and admirably adapted for win-

ter stock feed. Silos are constantly

growing in favor, as the cost of fat-

tening stock is

lessened, and forage is obtained at

such periods as grass is short. . .



Iowa stockmen are materially low-

ering their feed bills by furnishing

plenty of silage and all the alfalfa hay

the cattle will eat. They are also sav-

ing their good beef calves for matufi

ing, finding that the up-to-date meth-

ods of fattening pays, the benefit to

the soil being no small part of the

benefit derived.





yam-v ’- 1‘."





. «W 5m ‘ as. us. «3‘





thereby materially





 





 





..Q‘ L. I .





- ~w
I



l



i



‘0

l





 





we





“-11"...





 





DEC: 5, 1914. ‘





THIS Is THE LAST‘EDtTION’.





 





In the first edition the Detroit Live

Stock Markets are reports of last

week; all other markets are right up

to date. Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock

markets are given in the last edition.

The first edition is mailed Thursday,

the last edition Friday morning. The

first edition is mailed to those who

care more to get the paper early than

they do for Thursday’s Detr01t Live

Stock market report. You may have

any edition desired. Subscribers may

change from one edition to another by

dFODping us a card to that effect.





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Thursday’s Market.

December 3, 1914.



The supply of live stock at Detroit

Wednesday and Thursday was very

large, and on Wednesday night there

was nearly a hundred cars on hand at

the packing plants and the yards near-

ly blocked. The yards are badly hand-

icapped owing to the full cattle d1-

vision still being closed and one of

the hog houses containing 40 pens be-

ing shut off on account of having to

be repaired. Shippers should be very

careful when loading in the country to

see that their cars are carded, show-

ing that they have been disinfected

since November 5. Nothing not being

so carded can be unloaded at the

yards and must go to the packing

houses for immediate slaughter.



Cattle. ~



Receipts 802. Market steady. Best

heavy steers $8@9; best handy weight

butcher steers $6.75@7.50; mixed

steers and heifers $6.25@6.75; handy

light butchers $6@6.50; light butchers

$5.75@6; best cows $6@6.50; butcher

cows $5@5.50; common cows $4.50@

5; canners $3@4; “best heavy bulls $6

@7; bologna bulls $5.50@5.75;.



Roe Com. Co. sold Kamman B. Co.

1 cow wgh 940 at $5.75, 2 steers av

715 at $6.50; to Rattkowsky 2 cows av

1120 at $5.75, 3 do av 783 at $5.25; to

Sullivan P. Co. 1 bull wgh 1050 at

$5.75; to Mason B. Co. 1 cow wgh 1100

at $5.50, 11 steers. av 940 at $7.25; to

Kull 3 butchers av 700 at $5.75; to

Rattkowsky 4 cows av 992 at $5.60;

to Schroeder 1 steer wgh 900 at $4; to

Sullivan P. Co. 2 cows av 900 at $4,

2 do av 665 at $3.



Haley & M. sold Thompson Bros. 15

butchers av 834 at $6.20, 2 bulls av

1180 at $6.50, 1 cow wgh 930 at $4.50;

to Hammond, S. & Co. 8 canners av

865 at $4.10; to Schlischer 20 butchers

av 886 at $7.30; to Thompson Bros.

2 cows av 1250 at $6.75, 2 do av 1140

at $5.40, 1 do wgh 1100 at $4.25, 1 bull

wgh 890 at $6.25; to Hammond, S. &

Co. 10 canners av 883 at $4.05; to

Cooke 1 steer wgh 1100 at $7.60; to

Grant 12 butchers av 744 at $5.20; to

Kull 11 do av 809 at $7.10, 2 steers av

950 at $8.10; to Mich. B. Co. 36 butch-

ers av 600 at $6, 2 cows av 965 at

$5.50; to 'Kull 8 butchers av 730 at

$6.50, 4 cows av 840 at $5.25.



Spicer & R. sold Mich. B. Co. 8

cows av 1196 at $5.25, 2 do av 925 at

$4.25; to Kull 5 steers av 866 at $7,

3 cows and bulls av 907 at $6, 3 butch-

ers av 820 at $6.50, 1 heifer wgh 770

at $6; to Sullivan P. Co. 25 butchers

av 722 at $6.25, 8 cows av 994 at $5.25,

1 do wgh 1000 at $4, 2 do av 990 at

$4.25, 5 do av 800 at $3.75; to Good-

win 2 do av 985 at $5, 2 do av 970 at

$5.;5$06 to Bresnahan 6 heifers av 723

a .





 





Veal Calves.



Receipts 339. Market dull. Best $8

@850; others $6@7.50.



Haley & M. sold Kamman B. Co.

4 av 175 at $7.50.



Spicer & R. sold Aplebaum 5 av 140

at $7.25; to Kull 14 av 150 at $8.25.



- Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts 6764; good, lambs steady;

common and heavy and sheep dull

and 500 lower. Best lambs $7.75; fair

do $7@7.50; light to common do, $5.50

@6; fair to good sheep $4@4.25; culls

and common $2.50@3.75.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P. Co.

21 sheep av 120 at $4.50, 70 do av 95

at $3.75, 20 do av 95 at $4.75, 24 lambs

av 65 at $7.50; to Hammond, S. & Co.

121 do av 75 at $7.75, 91 do av 75 at

$7.75; to Nagle P. Co. 58 do av 70 at

$7, 30 do av 45 at $5.50; to Parker, W.

& Co. 185 do av 80 at $7.75; to Ham-

mond, S. & Co. 46 do av 75 at $7.75,

8 do av 60 at $6.75, 182 do av 78 at

$7.75; to Thompson Bros. 70 do av 60

at $6.65; to Nagle P. Co. 210 sheep av

110 at $4.25, 22 do av 95 at $4, 111

lambs av 75 at $7.75, 173 do av 75 at

$7.75; to Hammond, S. & Co. 62 do

av 55 at $6.50.





Ho'gs.



Receipts 9143. At yards $6.60; at

packing houses $6.75 without feed or

water for storage animals.



' Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S.

& Co. 750 av 200 at $6.60. ’



. Spicer & R. sold same 175 av 200

at $6.60.





Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co,





580 av 190 at $6.60.



Bishop B. & H. sold Parker, W.- &

Co. 960 av 195 at $6.60-



Haley &

at $6.60.





M. soldjsame 310 av 200





jTHE MICHIGAN FARMER





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





 





_ (Continued from page 511).

Indiana. '





Daviess Co., Nov. 23.—Late potatoes

good; beans and corn fair average

crop; corn damaged by worms; mead-

ows in fine shape' for winter; late

rains made a good growth for a win-

ter covering. Quite a good deal of

grass sown. Acreage of wheat above

the average. Larger acreage of rye

than usual. Both in fair condition.

Small number of cattle and hogs on

feed. Most farmers have enough corn,

hay and silage for winter use. Very

little grain being sold except wheat.

Some cattle and hogs going to market.

Most of the apples are sold or are

in storage. Hogs 7140; cattle 7c; ap-

ples around $2.25 per bbl. Seven cases

of foot-and—mouth disease in our coun-

ty. Two herds have been slaughtered.



Missouri;



Barton Co., Nov. 23.——Weather is

ideal. Wheat fine, some Hessian fly

in the early sowing. Corn is making

from 10 to 50 bushels per acre. Hog

cholera is in some localities; plenty of

hogs and cattle to eat up the corn.

Roughage is plentiful and young stock

should go through the winter in good

shape. Wheat $1; corn 55c; oats 45c;

hogs $6.50; cattle $4.50@8; cream

280; eggs 24c; northern potatoes are

selling from the car at 55@65c; sweet

potatoes (home-grown) from 50c@$1.



Vernon Co., Nov. 27.——Weather has

been fine for corn gathering, and most

of corn is in crib. Hogs are dying

with some disease, some think it chol-

era. Some disease among cattle but

no foot-and-mouth disease. Horses

are getting scarce, owing to the large

number being shipped out for the

European war. Hogs $7; cattle 5@8c;

hay $7.50; corn 55c; wheat 97c; oats

400; chickens 100; turkeys 15c; but-

ter 25c; eggs 250.



Nodaway Co., Nov. 23.—Corn mak-

ing a fair yield. There is much sick--

ness among hogs, but no foot-and-

mouth disease. Fall pastures are fine,

and stock is in fine shape, though

there is not much stock being market-

ed. Not a large acreage of wheat

sown, but that put in made a good

start, as the ground is not frozen yet.





Hogs $8; cattle $6@8; chickens 10c;

eggs 25c; butter-fat 27c; butter 250;

corn 65c; hay $15.





Kansas.



Cowley Co., Nov. 24.——Not many po-

tatoes and no beans raised here. Ida-

ho potatoes are selling at 65@75c per

bushel. Corn crop mostly light, though

some fields are yielding well. Wheat

and rye need rain badly; some wheat

hurt by fly. Very few cattle or hogs

on feed; no sheep. There will be a

surplus of rough feed this winter but

not much grain for sale except wheat.

Butter 250; eggs 22c; milk $1.80 per

cwt.





MICHIGAN FARM ERS’ INSTITUTES.





 





The State Superintendent of Farm-

ers’ Institutes announces the follow-

ing changes in dates for Farmers’ In-

stitutes to be held in Oceana county,

during December:



Hart, Dec. 15; Mears, Dec. 16; Be-

nona Center, Dec. 17; New Era, Dec.

18; Cranston, Dec. 19; Blooming Val-

ley, Dec. 21.





THE NEW YEAR OF THE GEN.

TURY.





 





The Century, beginning with No-

vember, is interpreting to its readers

what lies back of the bare facts of

bulletin and despatch. A notable

group of Century contributors is en-

gaged on this important work. In New

York, W. Morgan Shuster, author of

“The Strangling of Persia,” and Sam-

uel P. Orth, professor at Cornell Uni-

versity, will write of the war and its

effects from an ethnic and political

point of view. From London, James

Davenport Whelpley will deal with

the personalities of the war lords and

the spirit of the nations. Estelle

Loomis, the brilliant short story writ-

er, now in Paris, will send sketches

of vivid human interest. Dr. Hendrick

Van,Loon, historian and journalist,

has gone to his native land, Holland,

where he will write of the Lowlands

in war time. Arthur Bullard, the well-

known novelist and travel writer, is

to leave for Europe to help build the

literature that will grow out of the

war itself.



In addition The Century, during

1915, will have four notable serials—

one by Jean Webster, author of “Dad-

dy-Long-legs.”

ies of “Constructive.Americans,”writ-

ten by such keen biographers as Geo.

Creel, Harvey O’Higgins, and Harold

Kellock. The publishers, The Century

Co., Union Square, New York, are

making a s ecial offer to new sub-

scribers of t e twelve months of 1915





for the regular subscription price of '

November and-





$4.00, with October,

December of 1914 free, thus giving

new subscribers James Lane Allen’s

33%, “The Sword of Youth,” com-





A number of 1ife-stor-.





IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIliIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIII|Ii|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIILlg





Veterinary. g





flIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIfi

CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.





Advice through this department is

free to our subscribers.

munication should state history and

symptoms of the case in full; also

name and address of writer. Initials

only will be published. Many quer-

ies are answered that apply to the

same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably

find the desired information in a re-

ply that has been made to someone

else. When reply by mail is request<

ed. it becomes private practice, and a

fee of $1.00 must accompany letter.





a"





 





 





Nasal Catarrh—Distemper.—I have

a horse that either took cold, causing

catarrh, or he may have light attack

of distemper. E. G. H., Maybee, Mich.

Keep your horse in a warm comfort-

able, clean, well-ventilated stable.

Feed him food of a laxative nature.

Rub throat with one part tincture io-

dine and five parts camphorated oil.

Give 30 grs. powdered sulphate iron,

30 grs. of ground nux vomica and a

tablespoonful of ground gentian at a

dose three times a day.



Mild Attack of Azutoria.——I have a

six-year-old mare in good flesh and

when driven a mile or two she stiffens

in hind legs, per-spires very freely and

I have had to leave her in stable three

or four days until she recovered. I

would like to know what this ailment

is and how to treat her. R. J., Deck-

erville, Mich—Your mare suffered

from azutoria, usually brought on by

over-feeding of grain when idle, and

for want of regular daily exercise or

work. W'hen idle don’t feed to exceed

one-third as much grain as when she

works and be sure the bowels are kept

open, and as- you know, every work

horse should be exercised daily. When

an attack comes on stop the horse

and put her in the nearest stable, give

a cathartic and let her remain quiet,

keeping the hind quarters clothed

warm, furnish the animal with plenty

of tepid water and if she does not get

down, she will get well in a few days.



Bone Spavin.—-I would like to have

you give me a remedy for bone spavin.

N. H. R., Lenawee, Mich.—-Apply one

part red iodide mercurv and four parts

lard every ten days, or you can safely

use any of the commercial remedies

that are regularly advertised in this

paper. Kindly understand when treat-

ing bone spavin lameness, the horse

should have absolute rest.



Mange—I have a bay horse 13 years

old, with bare yellow patches around

nose and eyes, also around anus; be-

sides this horse is dull and dumpish.

F. C., Pompeii, Mich—Apply one part

oxide of zinc and five parts vaseline

to bald parts of skin once a day; also

give him a dessertspoonful of Dono-

van’s solution at a dose two or three

times a day.



Chronic Lyniphangitis.—-I have a

horse that had lymphangitis or Mon-

day Morning disease, some two

months ago; since then left hind leg

stocks badly, but horse is in good

health and not lame. W. H., Paris,

Mich—Chronic lymphangitis is an in-



Tuberculosis of Liver.~Could you

tell me what is the trouble with my

hens. They die and when opened, I

find the liver covered with small hard

yellow bunches and the liver is soft;

it also has a bad odor. These fowls

have a large range, are fed wheat and

oats, also have plenty of fresh water.

E. M., Webberville, Mich—Your hens

die the result of tuberculosis of liver

and as you know, tuberculosis is usu-

ally incurable in poultry; therefore,

you had better destroy and burn the

sick ones; however, if the disease is

in its incipient form and not general-

ized, and not affecting any of the tis-





sues which are consumed as food,

they need not be a total loss. The

fowls should have good care, the





premises kept clean, their roosting

place cleaned every few days, plenty

of fresh air admitted without draft;

furthermore, their roosting place

should be dry, not damp.



Sow Fails to Breed—4 have a sow

that had a litter of 12 pigs last spring,

but has failed to come in heat since,

and I would like to know what to do

for her. . W., Six Lakes, Mich.—

Give her 10 grs. of ground nux vemica

and 40 grs. of powdered capsicum at

a dose in feed three times a day.



Bull Has Sweenied Shoulders—My

yearling bull has fasting of shoulder

muscles. When walking moves rather

stiff, but appears to be in a healthy

condition. D. G. C., Bellevue, Mich.

—Clip ofi hair and apply one part can-

tharides and four parts fresh lard ev-

ery ten days. - ,

curable ailment; besides, after a horse

has had one attack, they appear to be

more predisposed to, future attacks.

It is well to keep, inmind that lym-

phangitis is usually the result of gen-





, erous feeding of idle horses and for





 





25—513’





want of exercise. Feed very little

grain when he is idle; keep his bow-

els active, either work him or exer-

cise him every day. Also bandage leg

in cotton after he has been exercised

for ~two or three hours. By giving 1

dr. iodide potassium at a dose three

times a day, you will succeed in re-

ducing swelling somewhat, but it is

doubtful about reducing it to normal





- size.





Poll-evil.——I have a horse that has

poll-evil; our local Vet. applied blue

stone to remove pipe, out it failed and

there is yet some discharge and the

cavity will hold about one ounce of

fluid. A. C., Gobleville, Mich—Put 30

or 40 grs. ,of iodoform in a gelatine

capsule, then push it to bottom of cav-

ity and leave it there, and you had

better repeat these applications every

two or three days; also apply perox-

ide of hydrogen to clean pus from sur-

rounding parts, instead of washing it

with soap and water.



Stomach VVorms.—I would like to

know how to destroy stomach worms

in horses and hogs. R. A. W., Kings-

ley, Mich—Give horse 1 oz. turpentine

in a pint of milk on an empty stom-

ach occasionally, is the least expen-

sive and most effective remedy for

stomach worms in horses. A larger

dose of turpentine can be given with

safety; however, it is best to give it

in about ten times its quantity of oil,

or 15 times of milk. In hogs a tea-

spoonful in six or eight ounces of

milk, or to mix some turpentine in

salt and give it in feed, will also have

a good effect.



Stomach Worms.—~I boughta bunch

of lambs at a sale ten days ago; they

are thrifty, but when they run they

cough and I am unable to tell what

ails them. Do they need treatment?

L. A. B., Highland, Mich—Give each

one a teaspoonful of gasoline in half

a pint of milk once a week for three

weeks. Don’t hold head too high when

drenching them.





A RAZOR SNAP.





 





A new lot of Imported German

Razors at 45 cents while the supply

lasts, is now offered by the Michigan

Farmer.



The razors are made of the best

German steel, five-eighth inch blade,

and black handle. We will not say

just what these razors ordinarily re-

tail at, as prices on razors vary with

each dealer, but we have seen razors

no better sold at $1.25 and $1.50.



Every man who shaves ought to

have at least three razors as it is a

proven fact that giving a razor a rest

is beneficial to it. and here is your

opportunity to get a supply at very

little cost.



So, only while our present supply

lasts the price is 45 cents each, post-

paid, or a half-dozen at $2.00, post-

paid.



A Strop Bargain, Too.



We also have a quantity of Zig-Zag

All-in—One razor strops that dealers

sold at 600 each. These strops are

made of finest horsehide leather and

one side is treated with All-in-One

solution which makes it possible to

put a hair-splitting edge on the dull-





est razor. It combines the strop and

hone in one.

The special prize on the strop





alone, while the supply lasts. will be

25 cents, postpaid, but if ordered to-

gether with one of the above razors

the price of both will be only 65 cents

postpaid, or $1.00 with the Michigan

Farmer one year; $1.50 for three years

and $2.00 for five years.



This would make a nice Christmas

present, worth double the cost.





 





mmdurl’resentSpecialtieas





Rush consignments forward





DUCKS by express. Prompt sales

GEES}: and quick returns assured

CHICKENS by our 26 years in one store.

noos out. w. nuoo 8.30M,





VEAL, ETC. Commission Merchants, Detroit.





' Ship your Hay in Pittsburgh andlo

Daniel McCalfrey Sons Company

Pittsburgh. Pa.

Rot—any bank or Mercantile Agency.

' I

Our 20 Years Experience.

Handling Poultry, Calves. Pork. Wild Rabbits. Butter.

Eggs and General Produce in this market should be

0 value to you. Best prices. Honest treatment.

NAUMANN COMMISSION C0.

Eastern Market. :-: Detroit. Michigan





' “'hoiosale Commission Hon so.

anggsi Fulbr‘ 00'! Detroit. Want your apples.

potatoes. poultry and rabbits. Quick returns.

FARMERS—We are raving five to eiadht cents above



highest flicial Detroit orket quota-





tion for newlaid eggs shipped direct to us by express.

rite us for information. It will pay you. American





Butter 5: Cheese Co., 31-33 Griswold St., Detroit,Mich.

0 A8" P Al For Butter, Eggs, Poultryfialvu,

Hogs, Potatoes and Apples;





Write us before selling elsewhere. CAMPBELL

BRO‘S. 00.. 245 Napoleon St... Detroit. Mich.





‘ —More Money if you

AToE —HAY Coneian to THE E.

L. RICHMOND CO.

Don-oi





t. 21 yuan in business. Reference your Banker.
514—26





 





THE‘ MICHIGAN F'ARMER'





. Computing Garden Profits.-





 





. The. statementthat the land which

is devoted to the garden on the aver-

age farm returns more profit for the

time and labor invested than any oth-

er spot of equal size on the same farm

has been made a great many times.

Some time ago I planted a garden and

at that time I told the readers how I

was caring for it, and promised to

tell them in due time how I came out.

During the last few years ‘a great ef-

fort has been put forth by officials of

the Department of Agriculture and

others interested in farm management

work to get accurate information as

to the actual cost of production of

various crops. Further than this, I

was determined to find out as near as

possible just what that piece of

ground would do and how much profit

it would bring in. If it would not re-

turn a profit, I wanted to know that,

and with these ends in view, the cost

of everything was taken into consid-

eration, together with the number of

hours which were actually given over

to caring for the garden.



The garden plot is of an oblong

shape and measured rather accurate-

ly, it contains 6.4 square rods or about

one twenty-fifth of an acre. The soil is

heavy clay, and when the rains came,

it was impossible to work the garden.

The man of whom I rented gave me

some coarse manure and straw. Since

the barn was near the garden, the ma-

nure was transferred with a wheelbar-

row. The time consumed in doing

this was recorded. This manure was

very coarse and put on in the spring

as it was, I do not believe that any re-

turns were received from this expen-

diture of time. However, I believe

that its equivalent was received in

added returns from manure which had

been applied the year before the gar-

den came into my hands.



Cost of Production Important in



Reckoning Profit.



In a former issue of the Michigan

Farmer I read an article by M. E. 0.,

of Van Buren county, on “Returns

from a Farm Garden.” When I first

noticed this article, I thought it was

just what I wanted, but when I sat

down with a pencil and paper to fig-

ure out the cost of production, I found

that there was nothing upon which to

base the work, as the only production

item which is given is “seeds, $4.75.”

It would seem that the conclusions

drawn are somewhat misleading. At

a casual glance, one is led to believe

that one-fourth of an acre returned

a profit of $80, but reading further we

see that the garden, exclusive of corn

and lima beans, covered one-fourth of

an acre. Now, when we strike from

the account the returns from the

sweet corn and lima beans sold, the

returns are reduced by $25 and the in-

come from one-fourth of an acre be-

comes $55 instead of $80. There are

a whole lot of things which must be

charged against that $55, such as

rental value of ground, time consumed

innhoeing and time consumed by “fath-

er going early in the morning with a

horse and wagon three times a week





to sell the vegetables to the resorts”,





Unquestionably the garden did return

a handsome profit for the investment

but the account given does not show it.



I‘appreciate'the fact that it is ex-

ceedingly'difiicult to keep an accurate

aCcount of the entire output of a gar-

den on account of the many different

vegetables and fluctuating market

prices. I In my garden account, the

vegetables which were sold were cred-

ited with the actual price received,

while those vegetables which were

consumed in the home are credited

with the retail price, the price for

Which we could have had the grocer

bring them'to the door. In order to

make this thing equal, since the gar-

den was SOme distance from the

house, 'it' was charged with' all the

time of going, picking the vegetables

and returning with them to the house.





This is included in the labor item and

was charged ‘at the rate of 15 cents

an hour, the same figure for which I

could have hired the work done.

Mr. Farmer in Account with Mr.

Garden.

Following is a summation of debits

and credits as taken from my books:

Credits.





Rent of ground ........... . . . .$5.00

Plowing and harrowing. . . . .. . . 1.25

Seeds 0.96





Plants '(‘tbifiéié'éhd’ he'tiiiaig'é)’ I I 0.45..

Thirty-one and one—half hours

labor at 15c ................. 4.63





 





Interest on $12.28 at six per



cent for three months .......

Depreciation on hoe (10 per



cant) eseeeleeseoseesooesese 0.04%





Total cost of production. . . . . .$12.501/2





 





 





Debits.



Rhubarb ..................... $0.50

Peas ......................... 2.50

Beets ........................ 4.30

Radishes ..................... 1.10

Lettuce ...................... 0.30

Onions ....................... ‘0.60

String beans ................. 4.50

Cucumbers ........ ‘ ........... 0.66

Corn ..... ‘. ....... ..... 2.48

Tomatoes .................... 4.55

Cabbages .................... 7.48

Parsnips ..................... 0.10

Squashes ..................... 0.25

Gross valuation ............. $29.32

Cost of production ........... 12.50%,



Profit ..................... $168115





The above represents a slight profit





neighbors told me that none of the

corn would get eatable, but when the

pollen was ripe and scattering freely,

I walked along the rows with a stick

held out horizontally and rigid enough

so that the plants were shaken quite

vigorously. From the number of ears

which were received, the only conclu-

sion is that either the corn would

have been fertilized without shaking,

or else that the shaking did some

good. It probably helped in getting

the pollen transferred from the tas-

sels to the silks.



After planting all the early seeds,

there was a portion of the garden

which I intended to plant to cabbages.

This I went over with the weeder ev-

ery week or so until the ‘cabbages

were transplanted. Early inJuly, 100

cabbage plants were set out on this

area and they were set just the same

distance as the corn was planted. The

ground looked pretty dry to put a





. cabbage plant into and expect it to





grow, and, while I was planting a

neighbor: came out and voiced the

opinion that I was waStinginy time

but the planting went regardless. If

a soil mulch will conserve moisture,





this plot was moist for it had been





kept continually covered with a dust

mulch. As a consequence, the cab-

bages hardly wilted and soon were





_ growing vigorouslyJ When the plants





were half-grown, it was almost impos-

sible to see a. bit of ground between

plants. Last fall, 96 marketable heads

were taken from the plot. Besides this





 





 





 





a: m





' 4 4.’

-oos«’2- a? vm'~‘”"





 





A Common Sight this Fall.





but it must not be concluded that if

one twenty-fifth of an acre shows a

profit of $16.811,é, that one acre will

return 25 times as much; it would not

be so. '.With a larger plot, it Would have





‘ been impossible‘to give such attention





as was given this little garden and the



“law of diminishing returns” would



begin to be felt.‘ ‘ '



Moisture Conservation ls Keynote to

Vigorous Growth.



The corn was planted about 18 inch-

es apart in the rows, with the rows

two feet apart. It could not be plant-

ed so thick in a large garden. My





there were also some early cabbages.



One difficult feature of keeping such

an account is to determine the aver-

age prices of vegetables. This can be

done, however, but. has not been in-

cluded in my calculations. For in-

stanCe, ‘when rhubarb first came on

the market last spring, it was worth

five cents per pound, while later the

price dropped and finally reached two

cents as a level. Other vegetables

likewise Were worth more at one time

than another on account‘of the' market

fluctuations.



When one looks at the amount





 





 





 





 





 





 





DEC. 5, 1914.





     

 





mm





{Lilly}: /,,/ . ;

. , ~ . «a.»





 





7/]





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





ls Galloway’s greatest spreader.

Positively the bee; spreader on esrth Double chain drive.

endless sgronr o e eed; front wheels out under losd: close

hitch; Hg ml! to! any ow-down hine Cspsci 60-70

bushels. Allstoelcear gomplete with]:c

eke. Flexible rsks' hl speed hostel- pulverizes finely sny

srn mseerisl. Stee wheels; ears coupled with

istag , blip-lured the stance! bridge. ext rests o? rou- truck .

no es in: . uper or in every respec tonaw sn led eskso

heavy drsft that est you up for repairs. snnoy yougmdgill your





horses.



K. K. Foust. shle , Ohio write : "PI use drnl

srresder receiv Octo er 6th Ase-urn yo: I sflrgdmore tug:

R essed with same. than proven all you clsimund more. By

‘01:) inz‘o‘ffgoug'company, I saved :21 80 end cot .llllt whet l was





My Book “A Streak at Gold” NEE





tells all shout hmdli mm

contest profit. Dong: buy an to get the

make sl; nny price gm I yo have drop I

warmers?“ area is:

u n m

ssirfifiii‘irs "in slate sw-

er usmese. .

Get IthHT on this spreader progosaiflon g:-

tore you buy.





Wm. Galloway. Pres.

Wm. Galloway Co.

189 Isllmy 8m Vlslerlee. lows





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





   





 





a on.” Per llod IIp





wire Double gel-

? t: I. Low prices

0





I’ll! BROWN FENCE &





FARM FENGE





4| INCHES HIGH 2|





100 other styles of



Farm, Poultry and

Lawn Fencing direct cENTs

from factory at save-the-





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





dealer’s-profit-priccs. Our A non

large catalog is free.

KITSELIIAN BROS. Box 278 lunch . Ind

Cuts from

RHODES DOUBLE 0mg m “a“ o,

v limb and does

—,/” not b r u i so

the bank.

We pay Bx-

press charges

on all orders.

_ Write to;

_ - circular an

RHODES IFG. CO. .; mic“.





 





615 L. Division Ave.





 





 





GRAND RAPIDS. mes.





MAPLE SYRUP! MAKERS





The Grimm Evaporator i





used by principal

maple syrup makers

everywhere. Sav-

ing of time and fuel

alone will ' pay for

the outfit. Write for

catalogue and'stste

number of trees you

tap





'GRIMM MANUFACTURING co.

l69-62l champlaln Ava, ll. W. Cleveland. Ohlo.





Pulverlsed ms. osisn lime rock for"sour” il

grits for L Bummer Prices direct to you Egon:





uslregon and Benton Harbor.‘l\lichlgan.

SHORE STONE -C0.. Milwaukee, Wis.





fiMESTnNE





m 1 for General Farm Use.



118 y pu verizod, made from hi host hi h I l

stone. Quick shipments in closedgcars. Est (131: 291'?

sample and price.





Northern Lime 00., Petoekey, Mich.





-—You _should get the highest grade

of limestone manufactured. Buy

it upon the basis of analysis. We

manufacture the highest flade pul-





verized limestone sold in i hi an.

Let us prove it. Ask for sample and analysis. 3





CAMPPELL STONE 09.. Indian Rlvor. Mlch.





 





 





 





 





 





LILLIE'S SPECIAL BRANDS





BUFFALO FERTILIZER





Made from best material. Always roll bl .

Lime, Potash, Acid Phosphate, Nitrate of gods.





Agents wanted in unoccupied territory. Ship di-

rect to farmers in csrlots. Fertilizer questions

answered and farm soil surveys made on request.





Colon C. Lillie, Sales Ant, Coopersville, Mich.





WANTED—BYE and VETCH MIXTURE

SEND SAMPLES F0 '

YOUNG-RANDOLPH SEED C0., Owosso. $133.33:





CLOVER SEED WANTED.





Red. .Mammoth. Alslke d .

SEND SAMPLE and PingE 23°“

0. H. SCOTT & SON. 19 Rain 8t. Marysvllle. 0.





SWEET SEED. Pure white and Men-

glli‘s‘l ygllowgé Préoes allgld caught

' I1 11 . VE

GLOVE R BARTON. 133x 182$,FalmouthJ'Ir’yl:

Mention the Michigan Farmer

when wrfling to advertisers.





 





 





 





 





 





 





“MAIN.“ , . _





1.“ .M-aw -





 





e.
DEC. 5. 1914.





which is 'charged for .labor it seems

very small—the equivalent to three-

ten-hour days, but three consecutive

ten-hour days would not be the equiv-

alent of the-work done in the garden.

This comes from the factrthat it'was

worked in the early morning and at

night before supper. In the morning

after a good night’s rest the weeds

flew; and at night before supper, they

flew again. These conditions helped

to minimize the number of - hours

which were actually consumed in

weeding and harvesting the vegeta-

bles.



Like M. E. 0., “I hope this may en-

courage more of the farmers’ wives

to coax John to make a garden for

them next year,” for it does pay.



Ingham Co. I. J. MATHEWS.





 





TROUBLE DEPARTMENT.





 





The Sooty Blotch.



Some of my Spy apples have spots

on them which look like scab, but do

not go as deep as the scab. It seems

to have developed late this fall. Can

you tell me what the trouble is?



Cass Co. C.



There are several spots on apples

that are likely to develop late in the

fall. For instance, there is the Bald-

win spot and the similar spot on the

Jonathan, for which We know no cause

and no cure, and then we also have

hail spots, which are often mistaken

for disease spots. The fact that the

spots you refer to are like scab spots

but do not affect the skin of the ap-

ple, leads us to believe that the trou-

ble is the sooty blotch which is often

prevalent on Spy apples.



This trouble is of_\a fungous nature

and develops during the wet spells we

have in fall. Some seasons it is quite

prevalent but this year fruit generally

has been quite free from it. This and

the fly speck fungus are of a similar

nature, the chief difference being in

the size of the spots.



Neither disease attacks the apple

proper, but consists of a fungus which

subsists on the oily secretions of the

skin. Therefore they are troubles

which do not seriously affect the keep-

ing qualities of the apples nor do they

affect the shape of fruit as scab often

does. However, they are detrimental

to the apearance of the fruit, and

therefore the commercial value of it,

as appearance is one of the most im-

portant factors when the apple is con-

sidered commercially.



The usual sprayings for scab will

generally control the blotch but if the

season is abnormal, or if the orchard

is in such condition that does not per-

mit of a free circulation of air and

plenty of sunlight, extra treatment

may be necessary.



Many recommend a weak fungicide

at the time for the regular spraying of

the second breed of the moth, as they

believe that the weather for the de-

velopment of fungous diseases is past.

However, considering that this disease

may develop any season we think it

advisable to use the regular one to

forty strength of lime-sulphur for that

spraying. If this does not control it

then Bordeaux mixture is advisable,

as it seems to be a better preventa-

tive for this trouble than lime-sulphur.

One application at the time the apples

are the size of hickory nuts will. gen-

erally control the trouble.





The Spy is quite susceptible to the

blotch, but it is a variety on which

this trouble can be easily controlled,

as Bordeaux mixture can be used

without causing russeting. Baldwin,

Greening, Ben Davis, Maiden Blush

and Grimes are varieties also affected.





Pruning Raspberry Bushes.



My black raspberry bushes have

made considerable growth, and I was

thinking of pruning them this fall to

keep them from being broken down

by the snow.



Oakland Co. 0. B.



Fall is not a usual time to prune

raspberries, on account of the killing

back of some of the growth. If the





bushes were pruned at this time of the‘

year it would be necessary to” go over'





THE MICHI





them next spring and cut back the

winter-killed portions.



There is no doubt but what the

bushes were not trimmed during the

summer, otherwise they would not be

in the condition as to be broken down

by the snow. In the summer, when

the young canes attain the height of

two and a half or three feet they

should be clipped back so as to en-

courage stockiness and the low branch-

ing of laterals and if the laterals are

making excessive growth they should

also be cut back slightly to make

them more stocky. Then in spring

the frozen parts should be cut off and

the laterals cut back to about six or

eight inches in length. All weak canes

and those in excess of five to a

hill should be cut out. This will leave

good stocky bushes and the proper

amount of bearing surface for the de-V

velopment of good fruit.



With canes in the condition of yours

it will undoubtedly be'advisable to cut

the laterals back to about a foot in

length this fall so that there will be

enough left for cutting back next

spring should there be a severe freez-

ing back during the winter.





 





NOTES ON TREE PLANTING.





 





As they arrive from the nurseryman

young fruit trees often have a great

deal of fine fibrous roots. This is es

pecially the case when they have been

raised in rich, loose soil. By the time

they reach the grower most of this

fibrous'material has dried out beyond

recovery; but in any case it is of little

if any use to the tree, which estab-

lishes itself by throwing out new fila-

ments from the large roots. No hesi-

tation need be felt therefore, in trim-

ming away most of these rootlets. The

larger roots must be shortened back

and spaced so that they neither crowd

nor cross one another and the root

system. Long tap roots are not so

useful as those that are horizontal.

Bruised portions must be removed en-

tirely. In shortening a root it is con-

sidered a good plan to make an un-

dercut, so that the cut surface is

downward.



Firm planting is essential to suc-

cess: the soil must be fine and

brought into close contact with the

roots. Set the trees on a mound of

good topsoil in the bottom of the

hole, cover the lower stratum of roots,

first filling in the interstices, thor-

oughly when filling in the remainder

lift the upper root a little so that they

may not be crowded down on the low-

er ones. When all the roots are cov-

ered, tread the soil firmly and fill in,

seeting that the tree is not thrown

out of the perpendicular or out of'

line.



Careful treatment of this kind is

well repaid, but there are conflicting

theories which are at least interest-

ing. The Stringfellow method fully pro-

pounded in a book published 12 or 15

years ago, is to cut off all the roots

the young tree has made in the nur-

sery, as well as the branches, reduc-

ing the tree to a bare stick. This, in-

stead of being carefully placed in

well prepared soil, is inserted in a

hole made by a bar and tamped in

firmly like a fence post. There is no

doubt that Stringfellow was success-

ful with this method and his book ex-

cited a great deal of interest at the

time, but few have had the courage to

put it to the test. Then again, Prof.

Pickering, at the Woburn Experiment-

al Orchard, England, announced two

or three years ago that trees which he

had jammed into a hole with no re-

gard whatever for the roots had come

on better than those that were care-

fully planted, the main requirement

being that they should be firmly ram-

med in. Naturally this announcement

called forth a deal of criticism, al-

though the facts were not denied. The

explanation in both instances appears

to be that the roots which a tree

makes after it is planted are far more

essential than those it is put in with.



Maryland. L. K. Hmsnsnne.





l





 





GAN FARMER





Spray





the-Minu te





 





Standard Barrel

commercial lime and sul-

phur. This 50 gallons

of liquid weigns 600 lbs.

of which 75% is water

and package. Impossible

to prevent leakage.





experiments





 





 





Sulphur Compound.





fruit spraying.





NIAGARA SPRAYER CO., 44





Dissolves instantly in cold or hot water.

in any climate. Will not crystalize. Sticks like paint. Four years

actual use has proven it to be the most economical, efficient, prac-

tical and convenient spray material on the market.





CONSIDER THIS COMPARISON

60-lb. Barrel against lOO-lb. Drum.





Spraying Trees is a

Business Proposition

We have the facts about





producing quality Fruit. They

are yours for the asking.





Send today for our Up-to-





Live information about spray-

ing from the very best sources.





A scientific bulletin prepared





by our Experimental Depart-

ment—describes actual field





Niagara Sulphur Soluble Compound.



A testimonial booklet giving

. the experiences of practical

fru1t growers all over the country who use Niagara Soluable





'on’t Pay Freight on Wate





with '





I iagara Sohlble Sulphur Compoun





In Powder Form





 





This Scientific Powdered Spray Material

Assures'CIean, Top-of-The-Market Fruit





Will keep indefinitely





 





Spray Calendar.





Standard Drum





Niagara Soluble

Sulphur Com-

pound. This 100

pounds of pow-

dered material

is equivalent to

60 gallons of

liquid. Leakage

impossible.





with





 





Use the coupon today and get these business bulletins on





Main St, Middleport, N. Y.





Kanufacturers of everything for spraying purposes. Machinery and Materials.





 





Send Spray Calendar,

Scientific Bulletin, ,

Testimonial Booklet. 1‘ ame -----------------------

Write your name and

address on dotted line,





COUPON.





..............................................................





 





 





tear ofl’ and send today. Address





 





   

 

 

 





FEED MILLS

GIVE str RESULTS





Hand y to operate, lightest running.

Crush ear corn (with or without

shucks) and grind all kinds of small

gram.



10 sizes 2 to 25 H. P.. capacity 6to



_ bushels. Conical shape

grlnders — different from all

others. Investigate.





Write for Catalog





that tells all about. them. with "’ .





H





)l





dl erent feeds and manures.





 





 





J Ira. folder about values of





D. N. P. BOWSHER 60.





South Bond, Ind. . _

l nu ‘u fin?)





 





 





 





SUPERIOR DUPLEX M'ILI.’





Double Grinding Rings, self-sharpening

p051tive force feed. Never chokes, Grindsi

Corn on Cob orin Shucks, Shell Corn.Sheaf

Oats, Kafiir Corn, Alfalfa,

‘ .' Rye, Wheat, Barley, Cotton

\ ) ,-/. ,_ Seed. Coarse or Fine. Saves

\ p .. £4 lumenlabonfueland money.

— r“ “ 9 Sizes, 2 to 20 H. P. For

Steam or Gasoline

1, , ~- Engincs. Fully

‘ = Guaranteed.

-'- Write today for Catalog

HIE SUPERIOR lffi. 5 Illl]. C0.

58 EutflhSpr-lngfleldfl.





,',l





Section-l

£017





or o - oil-union. u .wroriufilu





 





 





 





SAVE TIME AND TOLL





Grind feed with one horse at home

by using Stu- Sweep Grinders. Sim-

pleiustrong, durable, easy running.

Bu 5 extra hard metal, tool proof.

Capacity, material and workman-

ship guaranteed. Many in use 20

. years. Grind car com and small

grains. Little Investment and big

- returns. Send postal for catalog.





11 Depot St... New Lexington, Ohio.





 





 





 





.. —- :.—





Trnllng Salesman

while you





c S9.“ is}? i 6 test!!!)

I tionl o n an o-

ede- of o‘hrpsgudentl :9 '





:20 . t the

one;

Chic-go, Natl-games:





. Franc _

no San. Medium Green

I and cm N. 9035 s

I WAN Beans. win 62m 13on





B in-oorn Millet. Iieih





 





 





 

 





 





 





 





3}? r» WSMITHGRuaBl-znpo. it ’

CATALoe FREE—oertm LA QRESQEMZ MINN. ..





-0 ,

FOII SALE (III EXCHANGE boil-2:2: iii: iiégé’sfiaii‘l





in Central Michigan. Enquire Box 27 , Fenton. Mich.





rllllls lllo Flllll [an8—

Hill SALE oll EXGHINGE f





WANTED to hear from owner of good farm for

sale. Send cash price and description.

D. F. BUSH. Minneapolis. mun.





 





     





 





 





 





 





 





black Ioamey and clay soil, level, well

80 Acres drained, all under cultivation. good buildq

lnas, good location. easy terms. price '5

CLARENCE BUDD. Akron. Michigan.





 





Good Farms Around Lansmg,,SESMIE‘Lafimfiiisi‘gf

J. D. TOWAR, East Lansing, Michigan. '





 





__ _ —Good buildings,

EZ‘ZIEEQEE ...1.§5..§Ei‘if.?:morsrr.zs as;

to suiL. EDWARD KENNEDY, South Lyon. Mich.





 





, 69 Acres, land nearly level. Basement barn. 9-





' room house, never been finished. Wife

ggfil. Ali‘usgsclall. Plpnty frpIiXLlIJ‘rgzeFlgwered to $1.000,

one . a ance lme. ' RM AG ‘

owneo, TIOGA COUNTY. NEW YORK. ENOY'





CASH FOR YOUR FARM“I "”8 ”m"



nnd sellers togeth-

er. Write me if you want to buy, sell or trade. Estab-

lished 1881. John B. Wright, successor to Frank

P. Cleveland, 948 Adams Express Bullding.. Chicago.





MICHIGAN FARMING LANDS

Near fiaslnaw and Bay City. in Gladwin and Midland

Oountles. Low prices: Easy terms: Oleartitle. Write





for maps and particulars STAFFELD BROTH

15 Merrill Building. Saginaw. (w. 8.). Mlohlgazf'ns'





DELAWARE FARMS





Fruit. live stock. alfalfa. Beat land near best k

Address. State Board of Agriculture, Dover. 13:11:25:





—I

FOR SALE 93ml??? fflé’li‘lfignmrl‘fé‘?





Good soil. buildings and fences. Immediate possession.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

   

   

 

 





a The Signs for Thrifty Farmers. Delightful, healthy ‘

\ markets of l ' '

at cities of th t. Sendf f

fickle. e “5 °’ m





 





.9- '

c HOV E TO MARYLAND

china . Good Land, ReasonableEl-lcea. Close to big

65 Hofiman Building. Baltimore, Md.





0. B. SCHAIRER, 214 Dewey Ave., Bwissrale, Pu.

‘ descriptive &ma .

\r - g STATE BUREAU oii‘ iMMIGRATION, ‘





 





Send your order for the Michigan

Former New and get a 160-piece Christmas

gift including a 4-panel 1915 Calendar.

Not a premium—Just a Gift. See





 





 





Peu‘ remoth Glover Goodmgubinlt liberal sample;

an o a. EVANS, Wmngcrgnmxfiifihm. ‘





page 519.





 





. smmww. ”WWW“.-
I

I





3" solute protect on from fire, 1 ghtnin and cor-





I





l





_4__ _.._,1





a WW.W—w—'—— - w—





. ‘Factory Prlces—Frelght Pald





I.





516—28





   

 





 





Down! Down!! Down!!!

Go STEEL Shingle Prices





You can U - I-----\I-‘-I...I \-\\

the patent— ‘ .,- r’ -.

ed genuine , .- ‘ - v,

Edwards ‘ ' - ‘v'v

REO Steel ' -

Shingles-

. that won’t

rot, rust.

c r a c k ,

burn, leak

or break— ~ .

at ’way—down-low prices—prices lower than

whatyou would pay for good wood shingles.



Edwards Interlocking Steel Shingles beat

wood shingles all hollow and last five times

longer. Over 135,000 buildings are covered

with Edwards Steel Shingles.





Edwards “REO”

STEEL“ Sh'ngles





are easy to la . Come in big clusters ready

to put on. A ew nails, hammer and a. little

time—10 times faster and 10 times easier

than putting on Wood shingles, one at a

time. Your boy or hired man can do it. Lay

over old wood shingles or sheathing if you





“7‘51". Outlast Any Bulldlngl





Buy roofing on a service basis and you'll

choose Edwards Steel Shingles. An E wards

roof needs no ainting, no re airs. It gives ab-





 





   

   

 

 





 

 

 





'I





ros on. It reduces insurance cost. means a

roof that lasts as long as the very foundations

of the building. Got a copfiof our 510.000 unr-

antee bond protecting all dwards REO teel

Shingle Roofs against dangerous lightning.

We believe in protecting our customers.





We are the largest makers of iron and steel

roofing in the world and buy trainloads of raw

material where most concerns buy oarlosds.

We own our own factories, swrtches, etc. Every

foot of Edwards Steel Roofing1 is made in our

plant. Write for our special ammcred down



rices on roofin laid down at your station.



ive size of roof‘lf possible. Write~right now



fore it is too late. (1753





THE EDWARDS MFG. COMPANY

1217-126? Lock Street Cincinnati, Ohio





 





Deafness





From fl Causes, llead Noises 51d Other!!!

'h'oubles Easily .93.! Permanently Relieved!





 





4' \ Thousands who were

”fag lormerly deal. now

A hear distlnelly every





 

 





\ sound — whispers

even do no; escape

them. Their life of

loneliness has ended

and all Is new oy and

sunshine. The mpair-

ed or lacking portions

or their car drums



ve been reinforced





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





EllllIIIllIllllIIlllllllI||IIIll|lllllIlllllllIIIIlllllIIIIIllllIll|IIIlllllllllllllllllll|lIllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllfl

:g Grange. g

EllIlllIlIIllllllllllI|llllIllIIIllIllllIllIll|||||IIllIIIllllll|IllllIllllllllllIlllllI|llll|IlllllIlllllllllllllllllllfi





Our Motto—“The farmer is of more





consequence than the farm, and should

be first improved.”





 





THE GRANGE THAT PAYS ITS

WAY.

i _ - .



We should look upon the Grange as

a means and not an end. Our devo-

tion to this great order and our work

in its behalf, will both be likely to be

lacking. In results if we fail to rec-

ognize in the Grange, not “The End of

Life,” but rather a means by which

certain great ends may be reached.



Our zeal for the Order should not be

a sort of blind service devoid of any

definite purpose beyond the present,

but we should endeavor to get a con-

stantly clearer vision of what the

Grange can do to enrich the life of

the community around us, as well as

to appreciate its mission in a broader

field.



The Grange should pay its way. If

it can not be made to do this, it has

no claim whatever upon our time and





labor. Much will be done to revive

dormant. Granges and strengthen

those that are meeting regularly,





when the membership come to be-

lieve that they are going to get their

pay for what they do for the Order.

One of the best reasons in the world

why greater results do not follow the

efforts of the ordinary subordinate

Grange is, that no one is looking for

results that are really great.



The first step then, toward making

the Grange pay its way, is to get a

vision of the possibilities within reach

of the organization. Great things rare-

ly come to any of us by accident. If

they come at all it is usually because

we have looked and planned and work-

ed for them. Great things will be pos-

sible in the life of any Grange as soon





 





. by simple little devices



_ scientificallyconstruo-



ted for that purpose.

I





Vlllson tom—mo Sense Ear Drums





often called "Lillie Wireless Phones Ior the liars"

are restoring perfect hearing in every condition of



one or elective hearing from causes such as

Catarrhal Deafness. Relaxed or Sunken Drums.Thick~

ened Drums, Roaring and Hlsslng Sounds.Perforated,

Wholly or Partially Destroyed

Drums, Discharge from Ears.

etc. No matter what the case or

how long standin it is. testi-

monials received 3 ow marvel.

ous results. Common-Sense

Drums strengthen the nerves

of the ears and concentrate the

sound waves on one point of

the natural drums, thus suc-

cessfully restoring pe rtec t ‘

hearing where medical skill

even tails to help. They are ’ \‘

made of a sort. sensitized mate-

rial. comfortable and safe to

wear. They are easily adjusted ll 0 a

by the wearer and out of sight " "flu" ' '

when worn What has done so

much tor thousands of others will help you. Don't

delay—Write today for our FREE 168 page BOOK

on DEAFIIESS — giving you full particulars.





WILSON EAR DRUM OO.. Incorporated

482 Inter-Southern Bldg.. Louiovlllo. Ky.





'LET us TAN w

vnun HIDE.





Cattle or Horse hide. Calf, Dog, Deer

or any kind of skin with hair or fur on.

We tan and llnlsh them fight; make

them into coats (for men and women),

robes. rugs or gloves when ordered.



Your fur goods will cost you less than

to buy them, and be worth more. Our

Illustrated catalog gives a. lot of in-

formation which every stock raiser -

should have, but we never send out this 5

valuable book except upon request.



It tells how to take oi! and care for

hides; how and when we pay the Irelght

both ways a about our safe dyeing pro-

cess which is a tremendous advantage

to the customer, especially on horse

hides and cell sklns; about the fur

goods and game trophies we sell. taxi-

dermy, etc. It you want a. copy send us

your correct; address. .

The Crosby Frisian Fur Company. \



571 Lyell Ave.. Rochester. N. Y.





     





   





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Stee





Save





 





Save draft—save repairs.

Don’t rut roads or fields. Bend '. odey for free

illustrated catalog of wheels and wagons.





[loch-lo Wheel 00.. 85 Elm 8t.. Oulney. III.





 





 





address and we will. tell. you of the advan-





'dolng‘businebs‘for over. twenty wearer





me new lit-5%,





if invested with this Society. -, Interest paid

semi-annually. ~ Let us have your name and





tages oflered' by this seeiety' which has been





The Industrial Savings Society.

1 Hammond Bldg" Detroit. Rich.





as its members come to understand

the scope and the importance of their

work.



The Grange must live by work. A

friend said to me some time ago, “You

people do not work hard enough for

new members. You should send out

your deputies like the fraternal insur-

ance orders, and look day after day

for members.”



But there is a difference. In a fra-

ternal insurance society this is wise

just as long as the members can be

gotten without too much expense. Ev-

ery member takes insurance, and

though he never attends the meetings,

as long as he pays his dues and his

assessments, he is worth much more

to the society than he would be to an

order having many lines of work that

must be carried forward in the regu-

lar meetings. So, while the getting

of new members is an important part

of Grange deputy work, it is by no

means the only work of the deputy.



There are now more than fifty thou-

sand members of our Order in Michi-

gan. I wish there were a hundred

thousand or even more, but still I am

sure that it is more important that

the fifty thousand we now have should

'get to work to a little more definite

plan, that they should somehow get

a clearer‘ vision of the great possibili-

ties of the Order, than that we should

increase our membership to the point

named.



(Continued next week).





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





 





Kent County Pomona to invite State

and National Granges. Kent County

Pomona held a one-day session with

Courtland Grange, on Wednesday, No-

veniber 4. An invitation was extend-

ed , by Kent Pomona to the State

Grange to hold its 1915 session in

Grand Rapids. The Association of

Commerce will co-operate in sechring

an acceptance of theninvitationl State

Master J. 'C.‘-Ketcham~Was- instructed

to .eirtend' an invitation {to' the‘ Nation:

a1 Grange, to..h'old its 191.5,;meeting in

Grand Rapids. He is in attendance at

the national meeting, which is in ses-

sion in Wilmington, Del., this week. It





 





 





9

1. fig! WATERBUEY. Pros. AUSTIN N. KIHHIS. Socy.





is hoped that with the aid of the As-

sociation of Commerce the national

meeting can be secured not later than

1916. Mr. Bierce, secretary of the As-

sociation of Commerce, gave an inter-

esting talk in which he showed that

the tendency is for business men to

go back to the farm. He said that no

farmer should look down upon his

profession. Professor H.'D. McNaugh-

ton spoke on “The future of the one-

room school-house.” He advocated the

township high school or the central-

ized school, or any system which

would give equal advantages to coun-

try and city boys and girls. H. A.

Van Antwerp, editor of the Rockford

Register, gave a talk' on the “Influ-

ence of the Daily Newspaper.” He

showed that it is an education along

financial lines as the farmer can make

a study of the crop report. However,

he proved the country papers to be of

more importance than the city papers.

C. R. Allmand tendered his resigna-

tion as Master of Kent County Pomo-

na Grange, and T. H. McNaughton,

who held the office for ten successive

years was elected to fill the vacancy.

Chas. Keech also resigned and J. W.

Spangenberg was elected secretary.

Everyone enjoyed the day to the ful-

lest extent, and the ladies of Court-

land Grange served the most appetiz-

ing dinner and supper. The afternoon

and evening sessions were public, and

the music and dialogue were greatly

appreciated. All were glad that the

Grange makes possible these social

and educational gatherings for the ru-

ral districts as they are an incentive

toward better citizenship.





ElllllllllHHHIIHIIIIIIIIHHIIlilillHIHJHH[HillI!lllillHIllHHHHHlil[llllllllllllHIIHIIIIHIHIHIIIIIIllfl





   

 





E





Ell]llllllllllllllllllllllll|HIlHlllllIIIIIHIIHllllllIIlllIIll”lIIIIlll|lIIl|IllIIHII|IHIIIIIHHIIIHIIHIIIHHI

TH E ASSOCIATIONAL M EETING.





 





As we go to press the delegates are

gathering for the Twenty-second An-

nual Meeting of the State Association

of Farmers’ Clubs. Indications point

to the usual successful meeting of this

organization. A full report of this

event will appear in this department

of future issues.





 





BEDFORD FARMERS’ CLUB SONG.





 





nus. w. n. IRWIN.

Tune:—“Marching Through Georgia.”

We’re the Bedford Farmers’ Club, a.

jolly lot are we:

From the honored grandsire to the

babe upon the knee;

Merry lads and lassies fair, matrons

good to see.

All shouting lustily for farm life.





(“IIORI'SI



Hurrah! Hurrah! the Bedford Club

are we!



Hurrah! 'Hurrah! successful we shall

be.



So we sing the watchword for the new

posterity—



Better, better Bedford farmers.





Bedford boys can' grow some corn,

Bedford girls can bake;



(Just as good as mother did) bread,

pies and johnnycake—



When We come to have our fair, you'll

see us set the stake.



Better, better Bedford farmers.





Better corn and ’taters, brothers, bet-

ter wheat and rye,



Better hogs and horses or we’ll know

the reason why:



Better sheep and poultry, better cows

and bees, bye’n bye.



Bedford Farmers’ Club will show you.





Better apples, peaches, grapes: better

garden truck;



Better roads and rations, homes: and

schools, don’t lose your pluck:



God is blessing daily, work with Him,

don’t talk of luck,



Better, better Bedford farmers.





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





Open Club Season.—The first meet-

ing of the season of the Wise Farm-

ers’ Club was held in November, at

the home of Mr. and Mrs. John Pres-

ley, of Herrick. About 60 members

and visitors were present, all highly

complimenting Mr. and Mrs. Presley

as entertainers. The welcome address

was given by Mr. Presley in a very

pleasing manner. The question for

discussion which seemed to be of

greater interest than other subjects

was the selling of their live stock to

cattle buyerSu The discussion finally

ended by deciding that the farmer

should sell his own stack. .Four new

memberswere‘added to the Clubh’liSt."

Election of officers- for the ensuing

yearre‘sulted'as lfollows: . President;





.Wj;l-3J. :Jennings :7, vicevprgsident,” E: F.

1W1 t; . ’ .

‘tié‘aurer; ‘Mrs': ‘ Frank ‘“ Dalton: ‘ chap:





. secretary.-. .Air'thllr.‘ ‘.'.,B.ad'g‘1§5:=.





lain, Rew. W. J. Coates; organist, Mrs.

Arthur Badgley. The next meeting





 





DEC. 5, 1914.





will be held at the home of Mr. and

Mrs. John Phinesey, of Vernon town-

ship, in December.



Discu3s National Topics.——The No-

vember meeting of Columbia Club, of

Jackson county, was held with Mr.

and Mrs. E. A. Halliday, of Clinton,

with a good attendance. Following





the opening exercises the question of.





the day, “Which is the greatest men-

ace to our nation’s prosperity, immi-

gration, liquor or trusts?”





Immigration.——In presenting the sub-

ject of “Immigration” Mr. Hewitt

said: “The foreigners who come to

this country do not improve as they

should. The early immigrants helped

to make the country what it is, but

those who immigrate in these days

seek only the financial benefits to be

derived, and are in most cases unde-

sirables. A large percentage of our

saloons in the large cities are operat-

ed by foreigners, and much of the

crime is committed by foreigners.

Therefore he was not in favor of im-

migration as it is carried on today.”



Liquor.—In speaking of the “Li-

quor” side of the question, Mr. Dunn.

first replied to the statements of Mr.

Hewitt, saying he was in sympathy

with the foreigner, that immigration

was a matter of civilization, that for-

eigners have reason to be grateful for

our system of government which

makes it possible for them to come

here and rear their children, and take

advantage of our system of free

schools. He also said:. “America.

stands before all nations of the world

as a model nation.” In treating the

liquor question, he said there is noth-

ing in its favor. Mr. Dunn made some

comparisons between the tax rate for

state purposes, covering a period of

years in prohibition Kansas and its

neighbor, Nebraska, the figrues stand~

ing greatly in favor of Kansas.



Trusts—A. R. Palmer followed with

his subject, “The Trusts,” outlining

the conditions under which they were

formed and their benefits to the busi-

ness world.

each lived to himself, hunted his own





meat, raised his own grain, and sup-,





plied his own needs, if they were sup-

plied at all, trusts were not necessary.

But the exchange of products and di-

vision of labor and general expansion

of business called for organization.”

In speaking of the large business con-

cerns, he named its advantages to it-

self, Viz: It can control prices, secure

better terms of transportation, better

financial facilities, reduce administra-

tion expense and bring profit to the

promoter. Its advantages to the pub-

lic~commodities produced are stan-

dardized, and are guaranteed by a re-

liable company, business is carried

abroad, regular market for raw mate

rial, less fluctuations in wages and in

prices of commodities. To dissolve or

destroy the trusts is to take a back-

ward step. Trusts arc not a menace

to the prosperity of the country, but

the best pledge of future prosperity

we have.”



Entertaining the Young People.—

The topic for general discussion at a

recent meeting of the Conway-Handy

Farmers’ Club, was “How can we en.

tertain our young people during the

winter?” was discussed by Alton

Grant. He referred to his boyhood

days in the Grant district; then they

entertained themselves. He spoke of

the South Conway Literary society,

and singing school as aiding in the

amusement as well as being a means

of instruction. Young people were

thrown upon their own resources in

that time. Today, because of our

compulsory educational laws, our boys

and girls are forced out of the homes

at an early age. If they want more

schooling they must move to town.

Thought the farmers had better es-

tablish a centralized school in which

all grades are taught. In each ”little

red school” he would place a medium-

priced moving picture show. He would

arrange to have all the schools in the

township in a circuit, there being one

moving picture show of comedy and

educational reels in each building ev-

ery week. He would have these shows

free. Mr. S. R. Rickett took his wife’s

place. in the discussion. He said that

young people should be trained to

have a right‘understanding of the end

in view. They should not do that

which is detrimental to the health and

the mind. School children shbuld not

be up nights. Wrong doings of, any

sort weakens them. Children should

be brought up in the fear of God. Mr.

Kilpatrick said young people in school

have about all they can do to take

care of school work without being up

nights. They should give more atten—

tion to the cultivation of mind and

morals than running after so much

pleasure. A young man or woman who

is fitted with good physical'strength,

good’mind and with the‘grace of God

in the heart will take care of himself

or‘he'rself. 7 “ ‘. :1 -~ ~ '





 





his Year}: Wait: Maidens-1

i‘g'sn ‘Farmer ‘3 years for $1“ 0|" 5 : yai'l‘s

for $1.50. See page 518.





I





“In primitive days, whet.
DEC. 5, 1914..





BIBEDEIIS’ DIRECTORY.

CATTLE.





ABERDEEN ANGUS





d ehriin ready for service. Sired

‘ bBLblulg‘lb‘is Fliewypont nIgs Closely related to‘flve

I rand Champions—Brother. Sister. Site. 81m 5

Brother and Grandsi re. (International Grand Chain

ione for three years in succession. Pr_ices 875 up W1 l

prospecgiive pgrchgsgf‘s. either at Somerset.

unc

A‘I‘ildorrgbgdindsgdlget good calves from these bulls

even with strongly dairy type grade cows.

GEO. B. SMITH 6 00..

ADDISON AND SOMERSET. MICHIGAN.





L ABERDEEN-ANGUS





HERD FOUNDED IN 1900.

‘.'





 





Sims" 9 re res ted consist of Trojan Ericas. Black-

birddlgméii €31.13; only.d 131111.355 01311131"t 111:01'1 or; gull of

it an me ea 3

m$1031) bo‘iln brocn FARM. Ionla. Mich.





AYBSHIHESTSH‘S 3.533311355123311“ “:55 11223220533?





for sale. White Le horn cockere s; Duroo Jersey

swine. Michigan Schbol for the Deaf. Flint. Michigan.





BEACH FARM





GUERNSEYS





At Three-Fourths to One-Half Price





Owing to the quarantine stopping the moving

of cattle we will contract our young. pure bred

bulls at the above discount. to be delivered as

soon as the quarantine is lifted (if the State does

not bury them). People who got our price list

can verify the above by dropping us a card. All

will receive a square deal. Three of these bulls

are old enough for service. These prices will not

last. better act quick.





CAMPBELL Ci ANGEVIN E.

5" COLDWATER. MICHIGAN.

L —Famous May Bose Strain. A select herd.





Gumflls Tub. Test ed. Several A. o. Cows.

J. K. Blatchford. Windernierell‘harm Watervliet. Mich.





 





 





e have for sale a number of pure Guernsey cows.

heifers and bulls. also Berkshire hogs.

VILLAGE FARM. Grass Lake. Michigan.





-—-I Jim 0! Edgewater 16384. Age 4 years.

Elem” Riggson for selling is in breeding. Write.

JOH EBELS. R. 10. Holland, Mich igan.





FOR SALE.

Three Flne Young Bulls





8. 9 and 10 months old. from

18. 20 and pound cows.

each one giving over 10.000

lbs.;milk a year—prices. $100.

8125 and $150 The two old-

est nicely marked—the other

has black back and sides.with

some white. DeKol 2nd.

B. B. 3rd. and King of the

Pontiacs’ blood.





BIGELOW’S HOLSTEIN FARM

' Breedsville. Mich.





FOR SALE





Ready for light service from a 30-lb sire.





HOLSTEIN BULLS





rich in the blood of Hengerveld De Kol. Friend

, Hengerveld De Kol Butter Boy. and Pontiac Korn-

7 y.ke three his sons. King of the Pontiacs. and

Pontiac Aggie Korndyke. Pedigrees on application.

ED. 3. LEWIS. Marshall. Mich.





____. HATCH HERD

REGISTERED HOLSTEIII- FBIESIIIS





SLILANT MICH.. offers

HERD YHEADERS from choice A.

King Pontiac Jewel Kornd yke. 501511.111 his

pedigree faverafil 8.31 % pounds in '7 days. Average r

cent of fat of 1: rec nearest dams 4. 37. Sires inR 0t

three generations in his pedigree have 500A. 0.

daughters. Prices reasonable.

Make 1ylour own selection at Ashmoogr Farms.

Tecumse Michigan. R. F. 0.2. orad

HHEBD. YPSILANTI. MICHIGAN.





 





 





 





 





 





For Sale Pure Bred





Holstein Heifers and Dolls.





De K01 and Landry Girl Butter Boy strain.





LEWIS NELLER, — Lansing, Mich.





EGISTERED HOLSTEINS—Herd headed by Albina

R Bcnte Butter Boy No.9 3124 hose dam has semi-

ofilcial yearly record. Butter 802 lbs. Milk 196221bs.as a

2-yr. -old. No stock for sale. W. B. Reader, Howell Mich.





 





¥4¢M en's—«user ’w' v-J—vrwn





for one month Reg-





3..





 





’ \ istered calves. For quick sales

RIVERVIEW FARM. R. No. 8. Vassar. Mich.

’ 1.113.11ellb-d -Let Herd Sires—Line bred Hen erv eld DeKol

l d.am Line bred Pontiac Korn ykelle. 3- -yr.

dam. Service fees $5041 825.1..uJioLasiln, Redford. M11111





 





‘L “Top-Notch” Holsteins.





Extra large fine young bull. as white. born Oct. 4 1913.

Dam has official record of 29. 40 lbs. butter in '7 days.



117. 50 lbs. in 30 days. Siro' s dam is a 22. 64 lb. 4- yr. -old



dau hter of a 30. 59 lb.



Me HERBON FARMS 00.. Howell. Michigan.





 





FOR SALE Registered Holstein Bulls





e adé for service and bull calves. also fe males.

FR EMAN J. FISHBECK. Howell. Michigan.





 





lleglsllorsllM Holsloin llull For Salefyfiheffii’iiigfikdyfié

ELM ER E. SMITH Redford. Michigan.





Holstein-Priesian Cattle. Youn bulls ready for

serv1ce out of A 11.0. cows. Satis action guaranteed

or money refunded. Jones 1b Lutz. Oak Grove. Mich.





Holstein-Frisian Breeder"!he “bate {gag

represented. D. D. AITKEN. Flint Michigan.





,1 11111 Orsll 1.1 $125 sightsamssrm. 12.2.11

r 1 0,11 cuss s. alumna 11.110. 1. Metamora. Mich.





5 LB. HOLSTEIN BULL. Dam record ”lbs" Her

2 sisters 7 day record 00 lbs; 80 day record 125 lbs. His

sirsiseonotPontiacButter Boy 58 A. 3.0. doaghters.8

abovewlbs. fifmmflotolfllbs. Mostlywhite. large. beautitu‘l.

attractive. 0 weeks all. MOI-thorns.» arrival warm

noma'l‘ w. PAY. lssoa. Nubian“. P. s. “can“ has such

bustling been 08de paper?





 





 





   





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





lO HOLSTEIN BULLS





FROM 1 l0 3 YEARS OLD





Ten Bull calves, two to ten months old.

Ten cows, Your Choice from my entire

herd. Don’t let anybody make you

believe he can sell you a. better bull for

less money than I can. Don’ t delay the

purchase of bull until the other fellow

gets the one you want. Write me or

come at once.



L. E. CONNELL. Fayette. Ohio.





ESPANORE FARM,

“Messenger“-

Bull call Born (lot. 5, $75

Write for particulars.



A Few ChoiceF Fema es for sale. ,





CHASE s. OSBORN.

ADAM E. FERGUSON, i Owe“.





MIOHIOIHL HOME RIHOI THIIHIHIE SOHOOL





Breeder of High Grade Holstein IOatlivle. Lists and

prices upon application.





 





 





 





RRSEY BULL FOR SALE—14 mos. old. can be Reg.

Bull and mother won lat premium at alamazoo

Fair. Address Albert Kremer.R 9.Ka1amazoo. Mich.





Ihe Jersey





comes into maturity early, is

long-livedandisoftenfound

making records even to ad-

vanced age. She stands

above all other breeds for

economic production. Shall we mail

you free a good book on the Jersey?





1118 AMERICAN JERSEY CATTLE CLUB.

324 W. 23d St. New York City.





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 





 





Lillie Farmstead Jerseys





Bulls ready for service. several from Register of

Merit Cows. Four bred heifers. good ones. Herd

Tuberculin tested Prices reasonable.





COLON C. LILLIE, Coopersville. Michigan.





 





THE WILDWOOD HERD





Registered Jerseys. Herd headed by Majesty’ s Wonder

N.o 90717. Bull calves for sale by Majesty' s Wonder and

from high producing dams. Also a Grandson of Stoke

Pogis of respect. Born March 1913. Satisfaction guar.

anteed. Write for prices. Alvin Balden. Capac Mich.





CROUSE’S 01.0 HOMESTEAD JERSEYS





All nié surplus Full Blood Jerseys are sold.





ROUSE, Hartland, Michigan.





erseys. Bulls ready for service. extra quality sired

by Jacoba' s Fairy Emanon. No. 11. from high

producing dams. SMITH& PARKER. Howell. Mich.





 





 





 





—Heil.'ers from Register of Merit

For sale J'rsels Ancestry. Raleigh— King and Exile

of St. Lambert breeding. Also cows with Register of





 





5 1:011 REGISTERED HOLSTEIN BULL. ready;

\ $7 for service. to 850





 





Merit records. Waterman & Waterman. Ann Arbor. Mich

READY FOR





HOLSTEIN BULL BUSINESS.

BEACH





World record stock 3100 to 8300. LONG

FARMS. Augusta. Kalamazoo 00.. Michigan.





 





Jersei 311": for Sale 0Egalggi.szf’i‘sziiii‘s¥‘52



semi-oilicial test. ner.R . 6Allegan. Mich.

— f i:



now lN SERVICE 111.3%; 11.130.122.211:





GREGORY & BORDEN. Howell. Mich] lgan.





 





 





MAPLE Lane Register of Merit Jersey Herdv-Tu-

berculin testedb Government. For sale.

Register of Merit cows. also bulls. bull calves and

heifer calves. having from 3 to '7 Register of Merit dams

in their pedigrees. IRVIN FOX. Allegan. Michigan.





J ERSEYS "-533 2:153 (H.133? kfafit:

writeA. r. EDISON. Sec. M. J. c. C...326W Brid dge.





Gtrand Rapids. Mich. If a breeder and a member

.J. 0.0. send list of stock for sale to the above.





 





BUTTER BRED weathers“





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Silver Creek. Allegan County. Michigan.





ERsEYs—YEARILING BULL READY FOR

ERB/l CE. Also bull calves.

rookwater Farm. 11. F.D No 7. Ann Arbor. Mich.





 





For Sale, Shorthorn Bulls‘.,1y‘°§o.f:.“‘{,, “333;;

dale and Victor Linuood. both International Win-

ners. JOHN SCHMIDT. R. R.2.Reed City. Mich.





 





—Dairy or beef bred. Breeding stock all

Shodhorns ages for sale at farmers prices. C. W. Crum.

Sscy. Cent Mich. Shorthorn Breeders’ Assn... McBride. Mich.





15110111111111 onus 101 1111-1113:. “tithes:





0.160 lbs. milk and 518 lbs. butter with first calf in one

year. Reasonable price Write. F.W.Johnson.0uster.llleh.





SHOHTWHOHHS: ONOHOIOE YOUHG BULLS FOR SALE





PP. Howell. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





SHEEP.





Ralms and Ewes from the first prize flocks of Cotswolds



Lincolns and Oxford Downs; two years old rams

and ewes; yearling rams and lambs. either sex. Some of these

are unbeaten this year. Harry '1‘. Crandell. Cass City. Mich.





 





 





RAM s—BHROPSHIRES OXFORDS AND



HAMPSHI IRES. Good strong well



wooled fellows ready for business. Ship pfed to you



without the me no Isn. t that fair? I so write

KOPE KON F RM. Kinderkook. Michigan.





 





l ' I ~Yeasling and ram lambs from Champ ion

3'33: "3 flock of Thumb of Mich. Also select Berk.

shire swine. Elmhurst Stock Farm. Almont. Mich.





POLLEll DEUIIE 1111: run 1111;011:1133





shear-ers. F. L. BROKAW, Eagle. Michigan.





OHIO OELIIIES & lElillOS Tm” 1.531.11ng





11mm... 8. 11.8 mammals. 16.





 





 





 





I AM SOLD OUT of rams but have a few aged.

bred. OXFORD-DOWN EWES at farmers

prices. M. F. GANSSLEY. Lennon. Michigan.





XFORD Down Ram and Ewe Lambs. and Reg

er'kshire s. either sex. Priced to move quick.

CHASeE'S STOCK FABM. R.1.Marlette_. Michigan.





 





 





 





IT PAYS TO BUY PURE BRED SHEEP 0F

PARSONS ”1311:2331?

H? 1:11.112" 1111:1231... 511:. 2.1:.“ first





 





Oxfords. Shropshires and'Polled

PARSONS. GrandLedge.Mich. Bl.





 





 





 





 





— d P l-

Hog. Hambolllel Sh! 1.0191 533°31‘Zi3'3 111181133531 113111

registered stock. .Morrice. Mich.





quOL- -MUTTON Shrop. Rams. cheap to close out



nick. Good. big lust fellows from' imp. sire

Writeq for special prices. A so P. O. Swine and Short

horn cattle. Maplewood Stock Farm. Allegan. Mich





_ f

snsorssmrs 33$i‘.‘t.’$¥t‘21‘1?3132321§d13$?

Prices right. WILLIS S. MEADE “R3 :l,.Lapeer Mi(:.h





Hogslmd Shrspshirs. Yearling: and Ham Lambs.

C.





HAWKIN R R. No. 2. Sutton' 8 Bay. Mich.





INOLESIDE FARM offers 14 recorded Shropshire ewes

of good ages which are being bred to an imported

RBERT E. POWELL. Ionic. Mich.





 





 





ram. II





 





Yearling Shropshire Ham: al prices lhal are righl.

ORRISH, Flushing. Michigan.





HEOISTEHEO OXFOHO EWES’ilO... t° «‘15 "M“

B. F. MILLER. Fllnlt. nMichigan.

R E G- SH R0 PSH I R 53313:. $120.23;





HARRY POTTER, R. No. 5. Davison. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





HOOS.





BerkShlf —Orders booked for sows to be bred for

es next spring furrowing. Fall pigs 86

each new. B. B. EAVEY. Akron. Michigan.





 





 





Berkshire Boars all sold. it“? ‘lfile‘iliié’ifiiflp‘i‘rggg

WHITE OAK FARM. B. 0.3. Brown City. Mich





noililon onto BERKSHIflES‘Eélef'Zi'iizld1‘311‘i2:





tered stock with papers. at farmers’ prices.

WVALENTINE Sup‘ t.. Temperance. Michigan.





 





 





Anything in Reg. Chester White Swine. 10 weeks

old plng :10 licg. Holstein Herd Bull cheap.

B. PA RH AM, Bronson. Michigan.





 





CHESTER WHITES. August and September pigs from

Sires as Chickasaw Bud. Modeler. Bronson King. Aooriiiicnte





of registry with em: h plg. John Gintling, Bronson.Michigai1.





 





AMPSHIRE FSwine—Breeding“ stock of all ages

from most popular strains ‘rite for breeding.





Inspection invited. Floyd Myers. B. 9. Decatur. Ind,





 





AMPSHIRE SWINE—Choice young stock for full brooding.

both scxs. prices reasonable. West \\ i111] Farm. Pontiac.

Mich. E. P. HAMMOND. (Iwner. N. A. WISER. Manager.





 





 

 





Originators of the

Famous 0. l. C.

Swine I863.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Two 0. I. C. Hogs

Weigh 2806 lbs.





Why lose profits breeding .

and feeding scrub hogs? ’9‘

Two of our 0.1. C. Hogs



weigh 2806 lbs. Will ship 1



you sample pair of these

famous hogs on time and



give agency to first applicant. We

are originators. most extensive breeders

and shippers of thoroughbred hogs' in the

world. All foreign shipments





U. S. Govt. Inspected





We have bred the 0. I. C. Hogs for 51 years

and have never lost 3. he with cholera

or any other contagious isease.





Write—Today—

for Free 80012.77“

Hog from Birth to Sale"





THE L. B. SILVER CO.

196Vicken Bldg.. Cleveland. 0..

' —-—1 stock be r. also 3 and 5 th

0. la Co SWIIIe old 1%; frlbm good th hriftlinlftrdcks

Prices reasonable. N. Hp EBER. Royal Oak Mich.





 





 





0. I. c. —Bred sows and spring pigs. large and growth1 .

Pairs and tries. not akin. rite y our 11 ants.

GLENWOOD STOCK FARM. Zeeland. Mich.





 





o. I March. April and May pigs; the big,

I I growthy kind that always makes good.

LEMUEL NICHOLS. R. F. D. No.2 .Lawrence. Mich.





0 I C —Ohoice spring boars of March and

I I April farrow. Prices right.

JOHN BEBNER A SON. Grand Ledge. Michigan.





—Service boars. also gilts

001°C. SWine of Spring farrow. place

your order with me before they are sold. Get my

price on pairs and tries of A11g.and Supt. furrow.



.GORDEN. R. No.2. Dorr. Michigan.





0. I. G. and chester White Swine.





We won this year at Ill. State Fair. nino first

prizes. four second and five Champions including

both Grand Champions: at Wis. we won twelve first

prizes. five seconds and all Champions. We have over

700 pigs on hand of every age. All stock is shi pod

on their own merits C. () D. ROLLING V EW'

STOCK FAR RM. R. No 2 Cass City, Michigan.





 





 





 





O I C! —Spring pigs. pairs and tries. no.

0 ak in. from state fair winners.

AVONDALE STOCK FARM. Wayne. Michigan.





0 I 0 Bears ready for service Also spring

I l I gilts. stock recorded in Goshen Ind.

NN. Dansville. Michigan.





 





 





‘0 l 1‘ghoioe Gilts for Spring Farrow. Not bred.

e ay





112s. Choice serviceable bears the long

bodied kind. A VINV. HAT'I‘. Grass Lake. Mich.





 





‘ 0 I C’s—Serviceable boars weighing 150 to 300 lbs.





Prices rvgrht to move them. I pay express.

G. P. ANDRE S. Dansvllle. Michigan.





0 I. C! -—Fine fall pigs either sex. service

I s b.0ars Satisfaction guaranteed.

A. R. GRAHAM. FLINT. MICHIGAN.





0 l C —10 good boars. 318 to 825i each. One very

' choice boar 830. Registered free.

C. J. THOMPSON. Rockford. Michigan.





0. I. C’s —Large bone kind. Takinghlp orders





Bfiptemberp pigs

0. O. D. J. W. HOW LL. Elsie. Michigan.

I «STRICTLYn BIO TYPE. For 12 rs.

0- Is 0 SI ing for size andy

length with qualivty. Len :thn Prince one of the largest

rstheb ced.head 8 our herd.sssi sted

b0.Whlte Monarch" and FrostsCh ce.hd.pris so under

s x Months boar at Mo. Inter State Full-81914 Stock

for sale at prices reasonab





 





 





 





 





I Add

NEWMAN’S‘LSTOCK FARM R. No. 1.Mulette. Mich.





 





 





 





 





30W WEIGI'IED 952 L35.

A 23 MONTHS OLD





I have started more breeders on the road to suc-

cess than any man living. I have thelargest and [in-

est herd' in the U. S. Every one an early developer.

ready for themarket at six months old. I want to

glass one hog in each community to advertise my



erd Write for my plan. “How to Make Money from . .

Hogs." a. s. BENJAMIN. mm»: 0 Portland, Isiah.





 





 





—15 spring bears and

Duroc Jerseys 15...... 31......) 6011.11

pigs from the principal strains: pairs and tries. S.

C. STAHLMAN. Cherry'Lawn Farm Shepherd. Mich.





— . b di’

llllllUO JERSEYS gp‘i'lilnlgizsasi-blifrasgd Bighzde’l‘og

Turkeys. Bert Sweet. R .Hudsonville. Mich.





Duroc Jersey Boars





Frorn Prize—Winning Stock.

Write, or better still. come.





Brookwaler Farm,Ann Arbor,Mich.,ll.F.D.7.

11111101: JERSEYS, Spring Pigs For Sale





CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings. Michigan.



‘ b 11' ' ht

DUROC BOARS For Sale, pggggggwggm

about 1751bs. April 141 Ma furrow $25 while they last.

H. G. KEESLER. R. R. o. 5. Cassopolis. Mich.





 





 





—25 choice boars. some fine March gilts

nuroc JGFSGYSO and a. few bred sows for October

farrow. W. C. 'l‘(AYL )R. Milan. Michigan.





—Aug. pigs. either sex. Also Holstein





Dunc JETS”: bull calf. and Indian Runner Drakes

at reasonable prices. E. H. MORRIS. Monroe. Mich.





ounoo JERSEYS—Etiénfifitti“ sins: Samoa?“

W. J. BAUMAN. Burr Oak. Michigan.





 





 





—For sale. of the hem y boned type.

DUI'OC Jerseys A few choice boars and fall pigs.





M. A. BRAY. Okemos. Ingham 00.. Michigan.





 





UROC JERSEYS—35 fancy boars and gilts of popular

D blood lines. good individual quality. Special prices for

30 days. JOHN McNICOLL, Sta. A. 11.4. Bay City, Michigan.





POLAND GHINAS





The Large Prolific Kind

We 1.... “ SPRING: BOABS

nice lot of

At Farmers’ Prices.

. ALLEN BROS

Paw Paw. - Michigan.

. ~S ring lgs either sex. Frm

POI-Ann cHIN‘s gfowthypstock and large litte(i's.

L W.BA11NES SON. Byron. Michigan.

[ARGE TYPE P c —Either sex. pairs and tries. not

- I akin Am booking orders for

bred gilts. W. J. HAGELSBAW. Augusta. Mich.





 





 





 





Big Type Poland China Boars and (lilts lenty of

size and great quality. I know I can p ease you.

ROBERT MARTIN. R..F D. No. 7. Hastings. Mich.





 





' —One extra. good fall yearling

Larg' Sham P c- and the best lot of spring boars

from largelittorsol'thebestbrooding; anwsfarrovring

88pigs. H. 0.SWA1.TZ. Schoolcraft, Michigan.





POLAND onml oolns-:::rs*;::.tsi’.iiée"°as.i

right. G. W. BOLTON. R. No. 11, Kalamazoo.Mich.





Bill TYPE POLIHO OHIHIS For Osiréffi‘lgii’fict?





by that great 1000 lb. boar. Hillcrest Won er. They

make great brood sows. Have also some splendid fall

pigs. llILLCREST FARM Kalamazoo. Michigan.





For Sale, Poland Ohina Plgs'é‘éi‘érat‘ifieptsiii'ii’lvé

point. Carson city. A. 0. Shlnabargar. Crystal. Mich

March and April





' of the big ty pe.

Poland Chums farrow. ’llie kind that please our

customers. A. A. WOOD 81 SUN. Saline. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





Poland Chinas, either sex. all 11ges.Soniethinggood

at a low price. Bargains in boars ready for ser-





 





vice. P. .()L NG. R. F l). 8. Grand Rapids. Mich.



—March and Aprilfarrow. large and

Poland Ullllla Pigs well groun. Young sous bred for

spring furrow. 11.11 H. Conrad. 11. 4. Lansing. Mich.





 





P111111 (‘rcck Stuck I'm-111 now filler choice heavy boned Duroc

lcrscy linzil's ready for servim. Fall pigs. pairs not akin.

F. J 11111111.}! No l Minizoe. Mich.





THE FARMFRS' HOG. —’Butler s Big Boned Prolific

Poland Chinas grow big. kee easy. mature early.

ready for market at 6 months. by? Because we' ve

bred them that way for more than 20 years. 50 big

boned long bodied. high class boars at farmers prices.

Buy one and make more money on your 110 8.

History Free. J. C BUTLER. Portland.





Alto Shropshire Rains





ichigan.





BIG T1pe boars b1 Big Smooth Jumbo. Greatest

bear in State. 748 lbs. at 17 1110. These bears are

long. tail. big bone. sold at farmers prices. shipped

C. O. D. Call or write. Wm. Wafl‘le. Goldwater. Mich.





L‘HGE 'I’YPE P. c. “£3388“ (i111 Mich. Fallipigi; alé

orS er a sprin



by the largest boar in theU . weight 8906.18 brim



months old Come andee ee.e Expenses aid if not as



represented. W. E. LIVINGSTON. arma. Mich.





LAPROE STYLE POLAND CHINA SPRING and FALL

5. Dairy Breed Shorthorn Bulls and Oxford

Buck Lambs.





 





 





Prices right. Robert Neve. Pierson. Mich.





 





MEDIUM type P. 0. Boats. one dandy yearling. A

few big type sired by Big Smooth Jumbo.

priced right. B. J. LANE. It No.7. Clare. Michigan.





- ' —We have some nice M

YorkShlre swmo sexes. Writ to for desgzipighbgdg

prices. OSTRANDER BROS” Morley. Nfichi igan.





—-All .

50 10111151111115 0.21.18.19.11 112:: some





Rocks. I. s. Ducks. E. s. 011111. Homer Mich.





YORKSHIRES





The large. long0 -bodied. b3prolific kind. Gilts bred for

September an ber farrow. A choice lot of

spring bears and 0gilts. Prices reasons. be.l



W. C. COOK. R. 42, Ada. Michigan.





Lillie Farmstead Yorkshire:





sgpen gilts and gilts bred for September fax-row.

pigs either sex. pairs and tries not akin.

Sati action guarantee .





COLON C. LILLIB. Coopersville. Michigan.





 





 





When writing to advertisers please

mention The Michigan Farmer.
518—30 .





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





DEC. 5, 1914.»





 





A NEIGHBORLY CHAT.





 





“Good morning, neighbor Jones;

what are you going to do with that

nice bunch of young cattle I saw in

your back pasture this fall?”



“Well, I don’t know, neighbor

Smith. I intended to sell them about

this time of year, but they didn’t get

as fat as I expected, and now the

price is down on account of this foot-

and-mouth disease, and now I’ll either

have to take a loss on them or dry-

feed the pesky things, and the trouble

is I haven’t got enough feed.”



“Well, I didn’t know how you were

fixed, I didn’t know but that you might

want to sell the bunch of them right

out, and as I’ve got more feed than

cattle, I thought I’d make you an offer

on them if you wanted to sell.”



“What’s that?” said Jones. “Why,

I thought you had a bigger drove of

cattle than I had last summer.”



“Oh, I’ve got them yet,” replied

Smith, “but I've got lots of feed. I

had an extra good crop of corn this

year, and the bulk of it is now in the

silo. You see, I’ve followed closely





the reports of feeding experiments‘





published in the Michigan Farmer the

last few years, and I’ve found out that

it is just as‘profitable to put corn in

the silo for fattening cattle as for

dairy cows, so my corn crop goes a

good deal further than it used to. I’ve

got plenty of alfalfa hay to feed with

this silage. I’ve been reading all

about the experiences of Michigan

farmers in growing alfalfa which have

been published in the Michigan Farm-

er. I followed what seemed to me to

be the best advice, on a small scale

at first, and then in a larger way, un-

til as you know, I have that corner

forty into alfalfa, and have a good

stand. It cut four tons of hay per





Michigan Farmer’s club list.





For the benefit and convenience of

our subscribers we have arranged the

following list of papers on which 'we

can save them money. Besides the

money, they save the trouble and ex-

pense of sending each order sepa-





rately.



EXPLANATION—The first column

gives the paper’s regular subscription

price. The second column price is for

the Michigan Farmer and the other

paper, both for one year. Add 50 cents

when the Michigan Farmer is wanted

three years, or $1.00 if the Michigan

Farmer is wanted five years. The

third column price is for those who

are paid ahead on the Michigan Farm-

er from one to- five years and want

the other paper only; such orders

must be sent to us direct. All combi-

nation orders may be given to our

agents or sent to us, as is most con-

venient.



Any number of other papers may _be

added at third column prices. Write

for prices on publications not listed.

We can save you money.



We send sample copies of the Mich-

igan Farmer only.



Mention if you are a new or re-

newal subscriber. Renewals will be

dated ahead from their present date.



Allow monthlies three to four weeks

and semi-monthlies two weeks before

making complaint, if not received. We

forward orders day We receive them;





See explana-





NAME OF PUBLICATION. tion above.





 





Daily. (6 a Week) on R. F. I). only. 0

Free Press, Detroit. (Both to Jan. 1916).

Journal, Detroit....

Times. Detroit..... .

Herald, Grand Rapids, Mich

News, Grand Rapids... ..

Press. Grand Rapids...

Courier-Herald, Baginaw.Mich

News. Saginaw.. ....... . ........

Tribune. Bay City. Mich..

Blade. Toledo. 0hio..........

News-Bee. Toledo. 0hio...... ..

gtate Jmfi'nalidLansing. Mich ............

h' a o era .............................

Mdic-nlgng Tribune. Detroit. 1 year; Mich-

igan Farmer 3 years .....................

Tri Weekly Newspapers

World, N. Y.. City ..........................

Semi Weekly Newspapers

Journal. Detroit, Mich ...................

Weekly Newspapers





Blade, Toledo. Ohio ........................

Commoner. Lincoln._Nob..................

Enquirer, Cincinnati, 0. . .





 

   

 

 

 





 

 

 





.u

.u





“Megawatts...

8 ssssssseesess”

N WNNNNNNNNNNNN

s 8 ssassssssesss“





H a:

o

o

H

ed

0‘





.—

O

C

H

H

0"

ca

3





.

Hunt-1H

HHi—Ii—I

8888





 





acre at three cuttings this year, so

you see I have more hay than my

stock can eat.



“I’ve got that nice stock of silage,

too, and Im going to follow the advice

given in a recent issue of the Michi-

gan Farmer and feed cottonseed meal

with that silage, because cottonseed

meal is cheap this year, and it will

make an economical feed and help out

our brother farmers in the south to

some extent.



“I’ve got a lot of hogs, too, that I

grew on pasture this summer, with

just enough grain to keep them grow-

ing nicely, and I’m going to run these

hogs along with the cattle to help

make a better profit from the feed.

You see, I read last spring in my

Michigan Farmer the result of a num-

ber of experimental trials with pigs

on different kinds of forage crops, and

by using some of my-alfalfa and sow-

ing a little rape, as advised in this

article, I grew these pigs at just about

half the usual cost, and I’m going to

get at least 50 per cent more out of

my corn and hay this year than it is

worth on the market, and besides, I

will have the fertility left on the farm.





“1 tell you, neighbor Jones, that it

pays to keep up with the times. It

doesn’t make any difference what kind

of farming we’re in, either, whether it

is stock feeding, dairying or fruit

growing, or any other line, the same

thing is true, and if we’re going to

keep up with the procession, we’ve got

to know what the other fellow’s doing

and how he is doing it, and the best

way to find out is through a trade pa-

per like the Michigan Farmer, pub-

lished especially to give that informa-

tion to the farmers of Michigan. I

don’t know whether you take it or

net, but if you don’t you are making

a‘mistake. The cost is very small for

the benefit derived.”



“Well, maybe that is so, Smith. If,

as you say, this Michigan Farmer

gives actual experiences which might

be as profitable to me as they seem to

have been to you, I guess I ought to

have it, so just send my name in with

yours, and I’ll read it next year and

see if it Won’t help me as it seems to

have helped you.”





 





 





Produce News, Chicago.... .....

Cattle, Sheep. Swine. Poultry. etc.





AmericanlBee Journal,iHamilton, Ill.(w)

American Poultry Journal. Chicago. (in)

American Poultr Advocate. Syracuse,

American Sheep reader. Chicago (m)..

American Swineherd. _ Chicago. (in) .....

Breeders' Gazette. Chica o. (w)..........

Poultry Weekly. Boston, ass ............

Fruit Belt. Grand Rapids. Micli.........

Green’s Fruit Grower. Rochester. (m.)..

Hoard's Dairyman. Fort Atkinson. Wis.

Jersey Bulletin, Indianapolis, Ind. (w)





Kimball's Dairy Farmer. Waterloo, Ia.





{)1

O





 





8515588588558 8888





Hi—n i—u—I

4.1

CO‘





(s-m .....................................

National Sportsman, Boston. Mass. (in)

Poultry Keeper, Quincy. Ill. .(m)..... .....

Poultry Pointers. Grand Rapids, Mich..

Poultr Success, Springflel ,0. (m).....

Beliab e Poultry Journal.Qnincy.Ill.(m)

Swine Breeders' Journal, Indianapolis..



Ind. (s-m) ...



Popular Magazines.

Everybodys Ma azine N. Y. City. (in)...

Etude, Philade phia, 'Pa. (m). ............

WeClures, Magazme. N. Y

Musician, Boston, Mass. (m)..............

People's Home Journal. N. Y. City. (in)

{ed Book Magazine Chicago. Ill. (111)..

Review of Reviews, N. Y. City. (m) ......



Ladies‘ or Household.





Delineator, N. Y. City. (m)...............

Designer. N. Y. City. (m) ..................

Housewife, N. Y. City ”BIL?" ....

Ladies W'orld. New York City .............

McCall's MagaZIne..N. Y City. (in) ......

Mother's Mag. Elgin, 111. (m)...........

Pictorial Review N. Y. Oity. (m)....' ......

Woman's Home Companion, N.Y.City. m

Womans World, Chicago. (in) ............





838258?





sci- Hist-lu—

88388888858 8888888 8 888888 88888888888 8888

585555





 





H





I—l





HHH H Hl-l

888855888 885381888 8 858858 83888855888

5





85585888385





HHI—I





 





 





 





 





 





Today, Chicago (in) ........................ 70

Religious and Juvenile.



American Boy. Detroit Mich. (m).... 1 00 l 00 55



Boys Magazine. Smeth ort. Pa ........... l 00 76 30



Little Folks, Salem. ass. (in ........... 001 20 75



Young People's Weekly. Elgin. 111. (w.) 75 96 50



Youths Companion. Boston, Mass........ 2 00 2 25 2 00





 





NOTE‘H the Michigan Farmer is wanted 3 years

add 50 cents to the second column price, or 31

if wanted five years.





We have made up these clubbing

combinations solely for the benefit

of our subscribers, believing same

would be appreciated by them. We

have tried to exclude all trashy publi-

cations with little or no merit.



We have urged publishers to make

us a low rate, emphasizing the fact

that our subscribers are of the better

class of farmers, who would make a.

valuable addition to their list of read-

ers. In this way we have secured

"very low prices, the advantage of

which we are giving our subscribers by

making up clubs at cost to us, adding

nothing for the attendant expense of

copying, forwarding, etc. At the same

time we wish it understood that none

are in any way under obligations, as

we are .getting full price for the Mich-

igan Farmer, while the saving made

through these combination offers will





the entire combination just as it is.

at third column club list prices.





years, price $1 .





Order by number.

or hand to our agents.





each month, S.-mo. semi monthly.





SPEClAl. BARGAIN COMB‘lNATloNS.





. We have arranged here a list of special bargain combinations which

Will save you conSiderable on your reading matter.

other magazmes which are the same price can be made.





N o substitution of

You must take

You can make up your own club





from the club list if none of these suit you, or add to any of these others





NOTE—The Michigan Farmer is figured in all combinations at thre

All others are for one year only.

Farmer is only wanted 1 year deduct 50 cents from the cOmbination

price, or if the Michigan Farmer is wanted five years add 50 cents. The

other paper alone can be had from us another year at a reduced price.

Orders may be sent direct to us or through any of our agents.

Address all orders to the Michigan Farmer





If the Michigan





EXPLANATION—Wk. means the paper comes each week, mo. means





Dailies on R. F. D. only.





 





No. 1‘

Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.. . . .$1.00

The American Boy, mo. . . . . . . .00





The Ladies’ World, mo..........

Regular price $300





OUR' PRICE ONLY $2.00





 





 





 





No. 2

Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk ..... $1.00

The American Boy, mo .......... 1.00

Woman’s World, mo ............. .35

Poultry Pointers, mo ............ .50

Regular price ............... $2.85

OUR PRICE ONLY $1.75

No. 3

Michigan Farmer. 3 yrs., wk ..... $1.00

Kimball’s Dairy Farmer, S.-mo.. 1.00

The Ladies’ World, mo .......... 1.00

Regular price ...... ....$3.00

OUR PRICE ONLY $2.00

No. 4

Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk ..... $1.00

Pictorial Review, mo ............ 1.00

Boys’ Magazine, mo ............. 1.00





Regular price ................ $3.00





OUR PRICE ONLY $2.00





No. 5





Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.. . . .$1.00

Youth’s Companion, wk 2

McCall’s Magazine, mo .......... .50

Poultry Pointers, mo ............ .50





 





Regular price ................ $4.00





OUR PRICE ONLY $3.00





 





 





No. 6

Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk ..... $1.00

The American Boy, mo .......... 1.00

McCall’s Magazine, mo .......... .50

Poultry Pointers, mo ............ .50

Regular price ................ $3.00

OUR PRICE ONLY $1.90

No. 7

Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk. . . . .$1.00

Woman's World, mo............. 35

Poultry Pointers, mo ........ .. . . .50

Fruit Belt, mo .............. .50

Boys’ Magazine, mo ............. 1.00





Regular price ................ $3.35





 





OUR PRICE ONLY $1.50





result in many new subscribers, inas-

much as our friends will make these

offers known to their neighbors by

calling their attention to them.



We have no hesitancy in asking our

readers to do this, knowing from past

experience that it will be done cheer-

fully when it is convenient. Very of-

ten our friends make a special trip to

a neighbor’s and get their order. In

such cases, we have a lot of good sub-

stantial articles we offer for two or

more subscribers. This list we will

send either before or after the order

reaches 7us.



When it is preferred, we pay a sub-

stantial amount in cash in place of

the article. We expect and are glad

to remunerate our friends for any

trouble they may take' in thus looking

after our interests. Of course, their

own Subscription counts one in the





No. 8





Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.....$1.00

Poultry Pointers, mo............ . 0





 





 





Boys' Magazine, mo. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.00

McCall’s Magazine, mo. . . . . . . . . .50

Regular price ....... “WES-

OUR PRICE ONLY $1.75

No. 9

Michigan Farmer, 3 rs., wk ..... .

Choice of either: y $100

The Breeders’ Gazette, Ameri-

can Sheep Breeder, Hoards’s

Dairyman ............. . . .00

Poultry Success, mo. . . . . . . . . . .50

Boys’ Magazine, mo ..... .. . ..... 1.00

Ladics’ World, mo. . . . . ......... 1.00

Regular price ................ $4.50

OUR PRICE ONLY $3.00

N0. 10





Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk... ..$1.00



To-Day’s Magazine .50



Chaice of one May Manton Pat-

tern (see this issue).





 





 





Poultry Pointers, mo ...... .50

Boys’ Magazine, mo ............. 1.00

Regular price ........... $3.00

OUR PRICE ONLY $1.50

No. 11

Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk ..... $1.00



Any Detroit Daily (except the

News) ......................... 50

American Swineherd, mo ........ .50

Hand Book on the Sow ......... .50

Poultry Success, mo ............. .50

Kimball’s Dairy Farmer, S.-mo.. 1.00

Regular price ................ 6.00



OUR PRICE ONLY $4.00



No. 12



Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk ..... $1.00

Any Grand Rapids Daily.. ...... 2.00





Fruit Belt, mo .................. .50

Kimball’s Dairy Farmer, S.-mo.. 1.00

Poultry Pointers, mo............ 0





Regular price $5.00





OUR PRICE ONLY $3.50





No. 13.





Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk. . . .$1.00

Morning Tribune, Detroit Daily.. 2.00

Poultry Pointers, mo. . . . . . . . . - . . .50





Regular price ................ $3.50





OUR PRICE ONLY $2.15





ATTENTION.—-On any one of these

combinations you save the price of

the Michigan Farmer three years and





 





 





on some considerably more.





club. Please do not be backward in

writing us for this list for clubs, or

when you send us an order for one or

more subscribers, either new or re-

newals, ask for the list from which

to make your selection. It will be

sent by return mail and the articles

you select, or the cash, as you prefer,

will be sent immediately we get your

choice.



If any of our readers have time to

give their neighborhood a thorough

canvas, we have regular terms and

supplies which we will be glad to send

free on application.





 





A COMPARISON.





 





A monthly farm paper, to be as

cheap as the Michigan Farmer at 50

cents a year, would have to sell for

12% cents a year, and a twice-a-month

farm paper to be as cheap would have

to sell for 25 cents a year. Markets,

veterinary advice and other features





would be of the same comparative '





value.





”1





Q-‘





‘5...
lllllll HillllllllllilllllllllllllllllllilIllllll Illlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll illlllIllIIIIllillIllIIllllllIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll ill llllllllll





l





llIlllllllllllllllllIll Illlllllllllll





I





lllllllllll IllllI llllllillllllllll lllllllll llIIIlllllllllII





Illllllllllllllll





llllllllllllllllll





l

l





IllllIllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllIllIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllil





lllllllllll





I





' llll'l llll 'lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllIllllllIIIllllllllllllllllllllIlllllIllllllllllllllllllill





All





To





Ill





' gl





_ DEC. 5, 1914.





—III|IIIIIIIIIII I _. I III





. l . ..I.

III .IIII. I I IllIlllIllIllllllllliI IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII I llllllllll .I





lllllllll 1"





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





lllllll till it Illllll I III llllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllIllllll_





WILL YOU ACCEPT A I \ ~





CHRISTMAS GIFTrnoMUS?





‘50 Separate Pieces, a Beautiful colored Selection





Merry Christmas and New Year Post‘Cards,

Christmas Greeting Stickers and Cards,





consisting of l





lfluutmn Leai Stickers, Tags, Labels, etc.





22 x 3%-





Including a Four Panel American Beauty 1915' Calendar in Colors Inches





These articles bought separately would cost about $1.00.





Your Christmas gifts will not be complete without these beautifully engraved

Holiday selections, enough for the entire family.





not as a premium because our subscription

price is low enough withoutglvmg a prem-

ium with the paper—and rlght here let us

ask you if the Michigan Farmer 18 not a

better value today than when we .charged

$1 a year and threw in a premium; IS 1t not?





We ask a very slight accommodation In return

Only This—Send us your renewal orders

so that they will reach us on or before

December 20th. We will mail you (postage

paid, this beautiful selection, inclu mg the

beautiful calendar, after your order reaches

us in return for your kindness in sendmg

your order early; send_it~ now as soon as

you read this, whether it 1s—



50 CENTS FOR ONE YEAR or

$1.00 FOR THREE YEARS or

$1.50 FOR FIVE YEARS. .

or any of our combination clubs, With other

papers. (See preceeding page.)

This is the Proposition: _



We will send .this loo-piece select10n_to

every subscriber whose order we recelve

from this date to December 20, 1914,

——whether it is for I, 3 0r 5 years, whether

sent to us direct or through an agent,whether

it be a new subscriber or a renewal—whether





 





This Fine Assortment Given to Every Subscriber





in combination ’with any of our clubbing

offers, it makes no difference. All we care is

that the orders lreach us on or before

December 20th.





You Will Find an Envelope Subscription Blank





in this issue of the Michigan Farmer.

it in sending your order; we will guarantee

its safe arrival, providing it is prOperly

sealed and stamped with a two-cent stamp.

The handiest amout to mail is a One Dollar

Bill. It will get you the Michigan Farmer

for'3 years, 156 issues. A





One Dollar and a Half will pay for 5 years,

260 issues, to one person, or 50c for one year,

52 issues, and all combinations at prices at

which they are offered. Large remittances

should be sent by post office or express

order or check.





Take a thought for your neighbor—Take





. on the Christmas spirit and tell your neighbor





of this wonderful offer. Tell him about the

Michigan Farmer and say you will send his

order with yours. Don’t forget that a

year’s subscription to the Michigan Farmer

makes as fine a Christmas gift as you can

give—a 52 time reminder.





Don’t forgerthe date—December 20th





In order to get the II 60-piece selection free,

it must be mailed on or before December

the 20th. But Friends don’t wait until the

20th. Send your orders at once, please.





We will probably get 40,000 orders in De-

cember and if you will start sending your





orders at once, we can handle them nicely

without mistakes. It makes no difference

when your present subscription expires.

Your new order will date from the present

one. If you are paid up for a year or two

yet, and want to order for three or five years

longer, your date will be set that long ahead.





Tell your friends about this offer. Please send your orders NOW.





Illllilll IIII l .I III IIIIIn II I III .I III I





I





ll I. lIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII ”ll lII Ill III





alums ’ . ‘I 4: ... . » .





Use ‘





31—519





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





IIIIIIII

I’ll





III

wilt I:





III

II'
I’ll Rid Your

Stock of





 





 

 





 





a: m:; :— .-





Rahal-





 





“Before I started to feed SAL¢VET my .-

hogs were sick and I had lost six of them.





since feeding SAL-VET I have lost none.





although some of them werzfiretty sick :





before they had access to S VET and

had lost their hair. However, they pulled

through all right and now have good appe-

tites and are thriving.”

ERNEST TRIEBEL _

Route No, 2, Clearwater, Minn.





“After feeding SAL-VET to sheep

hogs, horses and cattle during the _past

winter, and found it a reliable conditioner

and worm destroyer. My stock never

looked so healthy and thoroughly condi-

tioned as now.”





U. H. SUMMER,

Brownville Jet... Maine.

"My, hogs are doing finely; have kegt

SAL— ET before them for two mont s

and while there has been lots of disease





amongst hogs in this section. none of mine

have been sick."

ELINE,





GEO. A.

Route No. 20, St. Matthews, Ky.





"I have fed SAL-VET to all my stock: it

Ins put them in fine condition. and im-

mved them wonderfully. The cholera



been killing ho all around my home,

but I have not los .a Single one. I have

never used so etfective a remedy.”





SANFORD GERST,

South Boston, Va.





"I enclose check in yment of the SAL-

VET sent recently. our times this sum

would not begin to pay for the benefit I

derived from feeding SAL-VET."





W. H. WALLACE, Franktown. Va.





"1 have great faith in SAL-VET. Since

feeding it, I can certain! see a great im-

vement in my stock. have fed a mini.

g: of different stock foods and remedies,

but have never found any as good as SAL—

VE . I am recommending it to my-neigh-

bors and others who lost hogs With the

cholera." _

C. G. FIELD. Hiawatha. Kansas.





   

 





 





will take on new vigor,

will be healthier; will do





 





* diseases.





 





 





   

 





‘ Look for this Label





on all SAL—

VET pack‘

ageS. Don’t

be_ deceived

by imitations

“ Don’t buy

- Sal" this or



"Sal" that.

Get the orig-

inal genuine

.AL - o





I ‘ fifth 4% l :I/

E





 





   

   

 

 

 





 





 

 





 





W ~ lWanl You to Know





.\ : ...,....\\..\¥.\\\\\\\ . ‘

3) \\ T!

. l \s a





”\§h





The Great

Worm Destroyer





You take no risk whatever in accepting this no-money-down offer.

how many head of stock you have, and I’ll ship enough SAL-VET to last them 60 days. You simply

pay the freight charges on arrival, and when the 60 days are up, report results. If SAL-VET has not

done all I claim, then I’ll cancel the charge, and you won’t owe me one penny. Address





to you on your own farm that SAL-VET will rid your stock of worms,

put them in healthy condition, easier to keep on no more feed—more profitable in '





every way—and less liable to disease. I don’t want you to send me a penny in

advance—just mail the coupon. I'll ship the SAL-VET just as agreed, let you feed it 60 days—and if

it does not do what I claim, then I’llcancel the charge. Is not that a fair, open offer?





\\\\ \\





\





ow thrifty and profitable.





.l’ll Prove It

Before





\\





\

s





\i





 

 





‘ \ ‘ .0FF. The Great Live





Stock Conditioner





——1s the medicated salt which contains no antimony, fed just as you would feed

common salt. There is no dosing—no drenching—no trouble—all animals need

it—take to it readily—find so doctor themselves.

do not suspect of havmg worms just full of them. Stock that have been run-down





_ Stock kept free from worms

etter, not better, and be in better condition to resist dangerous

As proof of this read a few of the thousands of letters from stockmen who feed SAL-VET

—— who depend on SAL-VET to help them make greater profits -— and to prevent loss.





Fill Out the coupon Below Today





Just fill out the coupon, tell me





You will find animals that you





Sidney R. Feil, Pres.





.THE FEIL MFG. co.,chemists





Cleveland, Ohio





Dept.Ml-7





THE FEIL MFG. 60., Dept. “F 12-5-14 Cleveland: 0.

Ship me enough SAL-VET to last my stock 60 days.





when it arrives, agree .to re ort results promptly in 60 d

if it does what you claim. . f it does not. you are to cancel the charge.





I.

............................................ so I .

l

....................................... -oo-ooa I \

\





Shipping Station .................................... State .............................





I will pay the freight charges

ays and at that time pay for it





Name .....................................





PO ...............





NumberofShecp.......... Hogs.... ...... Cattle... ....... Horses......





   

 





 

 

 

 

 





 





\-

" 9.-

('9,





l





   





~

4 "M‘ht .. a...

l i





,» 1" r“. g r





   

 

   

 

 





\





wr—





lasso:





"I amfeedi SAL-VET to 750 lambs

and about 100 o_gs. During this time

there has been no sickness whatever among

this stock. I consider SAL-VET cheap

insurance."



THOS. J. LILLY, Wheeling, Mo_





 





 





 





"SAL-VET is certanly a greatmedicine.

I have been feedin it all winter, so far

and since I starte , my stock are better

than ever before."





ALBERT MEANS, Walthill, Nebr.





"Have been feeding SAL-V13111 to some

of my horses which were very thin and in

a run-down condition. They have now

picked up in flesh and spirits in spite of

the heavy work incident to this time of





year.

ELI FURLAND, Artesian, S. D.





. "I had a yearlin colt which was not do-

ing stall well. I ad fed turpentine to-

bacco and other worm remedies, bu all

failed. On the evening of the 19th of

Febru , I gave this co t a dose of SAL-

VET an the following day I had lenty of

ewdence of its value. t is doing 9 work,

all right."

HARRY BRENNEMAN

Rt. No. 5—Ottawa, (into.

"I amwell leased with SAL-VET. I

never knew a orse could have so many

worms and live. SAL~VET surely brings

them-bi .and small. Horses to which

SAL-V is fed, act 100 per cent better,

and what we formerly thought was colic

and meapness, was nothing but worms and





worms

J. E. TERKEURST,

271 Dauphin St., Mobile, Ala.





J.





"The more I use SAL-VET the better I

find it. My sheep and hogs were never so

thrifty and health as now. We butchered

this week, and 61 not find asingle worm

while our neighbors’ hogs are worm and

dyin . I have been recommending SAL-

VE _ to them and they are now ready to

use it too. "



WESLEY CHAMBERS. Bussey, Ia.





____17,





40 ....$

100 ..

200

300





2.26



. . 5.00



.... 9.00



13.00



E 500 21.12

No orders filled for less than 40 lbs. on

this 60 day trial ofier. Never sold by

peddlers nor in bulk: only in Trade-

Marked SAL-VET packages. Shipments

for 60 days' trial are based on 1 lb. of

SAL-VET for each sheep or hog. and 4

’lbs. for each horse or head of cattle, as

near as we can come without breaks

ing regular sized packages.





 





 





   

 

 





 





 





   

   

 

 





 





 





 

 





 





two \‘





v.) _,

Akflkmw.





 

 





« ill“ ”lili“