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The Only Weekly Agricultural,





 





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RMAM





ED 1843.





Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





 





VOL. CXLIV. No. 2

Whole Number 3817





DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, JAN. 9, 1915.





 





50 CENTS A YEAR,

32 FOR 5 YEARS.





The Gasoline Engine on the Farm.





inexpensive and successful pow-



er that can be used on the farm.

This is a fact to which up-to-date

farmers everywhere are fast awaken-

ing. On a great many farms, my own

farm included, the gasoline engine has

found a place of its own and on some

of the most progressive farms there

are from four to a half dozen engines

in use, ranging in size from the two

horse p0Wer for use around the dairy,

for pumping water, washing, sawing

wood, and other small jobs, to the

massive 40 horse power tractor which

in spring and fall is used to do the

plowing and fitting and at harvest

time to do the threshing and run the

ensilage cutter, etc.



The galosine engine can be used

equally as well on the small farm as

on the large one. Practically every

farmer, no matter what the product

of the farm may be, can find profit-

able use for a gasoline engine. A

small engine can be used to good ad-

vantage on the small farm, while on

the large farm use will be found for

three, four or perhaps more.



My first experience in using a gas-

oline engine on my farm was about

six years ago when I bought a two-

horse power. It proved to be such a

labor saver, doing its work at very

little expense and causing no trouble

at all, I was not long in buying a

larger one, this latter being a six

horse power. These engines have sav-

ed me a great many dollars and while

they have done a great amount of

work I cannOt tell but that they are

in as good condition as when I pur-

chased them. I have had to buy some

repairs but the parts needed have

been so few and the cost so small that

I can hardly consider them. There is

no machinery used on the farm that

has no parts which will not eventu-

ally break or wear out, be it gasoline

engines, mowers or any other 111a-

chines, but I am enabled to say that

my engines have caused me less trou-

ble and expense in this respect than

any other machinery used 011 my place

during the past six years.



Study,the Engine Carefully.



When I purchased these engines I

studied them carefully until I fully un-

derstood their operation and had the

boys and hired men to do likewise.

There is not a person on the place

who can not run them. Even my wife

operates the small engine when using

the washing machine, cream separat-

or, etc. There is no danger in using

a gasoline engine for when something

goes wrong with it all it will do is to

stop



When a man begins to consider

seriously the purchase of an engine he

will often ask these questions: “What

size shall I buy. 9” and “What will this

size cost me?” These questions he

may answer for himself by inquiring

first of some manufacturer of farming

implements as to the amount of power

required to operate the machines he in-

tends to use. Then, when he has an

idea of the amount of power he will





THE gasoline engine is the most





need, he can ask some reliable engine

maker the cost of an engine of suit-

able .power. For the average sized

farm where one engine is to be used

a six horse power will supply sufli<

cient power to run the forge, a. work

shop, drill, etc., for the repair of tools

and implements, a cream separator,

churn, butter worker, pump and wood

saw, and also a very important outfit

on the farm, namely, the electric gen-

erating plant for supplying light for

the farm buildings and house, and

power for the washing machine, or

heat for toaster and flatiron. And

thus the engine gives the farmer the

privileges and conveniences of the

city, besides the use of electricity for





ning mill, feed grinder, cutting box,

bone cutter, etc. It is best to have

such machines as will be convenient

to operate at once connected on the

line shaft, that is, as many as the

horse power of‘the engine will run

Without overloading it.

Power Considerations.



The normal speed of an engine is

the velocity or number of revolutions

of the fly wheel per minute that will

best enable it to :1‘11ry its full rated

load constantly. Supposing, for in-

stance, that the engine will carry a

six horse power load at 380 revolu-

tions per minute with the greatest

fuel economy; more power is obtained

with increased speed, but it requires





 





 





The Bungalow is an increasingly Popular Type of Farm House.





heating and lighting purposes, which

help in eliminating the risk of fire.



In using the engine about the dairy

it is best to use, a line shaft large

enough to accommodate belts from the

cream separator, churn, butter worker

and pump. By using pulleys of the

right sizes the correct speed for each

may be obtained, which is a most es-

sential point to bear in mind when

setting up the engine, ,as a few revo-

lutions per minute more or less will

make a large difference in the satis-

factory running of a fine geared ma-

chine, such as a cream separator. At

the barn the engine will perform most

satisfactory work in operating the fan-





 





(See P. 34).





more fuel and unless the valve areas

ale large enough the economy will not

be as good. The normal 1ati11g by

manufacturers should be the best

speed for greatest fuel economy. It

is true that at a higher speed more

power may be developed but it will

not be in keeping with the increased

amount of fuel used. We may get

more work out of a poor hmse by

feeding him with plenty of fancy se-

lected food but he won’t last long,

whereas with a better horse we can

get the same work done on more plain

and less expensive food and he will

last longer. Of course, I don’t mean

to feed good horses carelessly. I use





these expressions simply to illustrate

a. point.



An engine used for sawing wood,

grinding grain, and cutting ensilage

must be built rigid and strong. For

wood cutting the outfit may be mount-

ed on wheels for the sake of easier

transportation. The amount of work

done will depend, of course, on the

kind of wood sawed, soft Wood being

easier sawed than hard wood, and

more will be cut if the sticks are

small. A three horse power outfit will

keep two or three men busy and will

saw soft wood up to eight inches in

diameter.



For feed and ensilage cutters the

power required varies greatly with the

size and make of 1he cutter and the

height to which the corn is to be ele-

vated and whether a blower or ‘arrier

is to be used. Self-feeding cutters,

with carriers and 12-inch knives, will

require from six to eight horse power.

If a blower type of machine is used

the power will have to be increased

about 50 per cent.



A great deal of care should be ex-

ercised in the selection of an engine

for grinding purposes, especially to

make sure of having enough power as

grinding is a. steady drag, being one

of the hardest kinds of work on an en-

gine. Each horse power will grind

from two to five bushels of corn per

hour, depending upon the amount of

moisture in the grain, the make of the

mill and the fineness to which the

grain is to be ground.



In the barn the. engine will pe1f01m

a large number of jobs bette1 and in

much less time than if done by hand,

and here also it is well to use a line

shaft and have as many machines run-

ning at once as the power of the en-

gine will warrant. It is in the dairy

that one “ill find thee engine veiy use-

ful. as it will be used mo1ning and

evening to furnish the power for run-

ning the cream separator, and during

the Week it will be found indispensa-

ble for running 1he churn, butter

worker, and pump.





Factors in Successful Operation.



Some fanneis \1 ho contemplate buy-

ing a gasoline engine may think it is

a cuiious, stubborn thing that will go

when it feels like it, and wont go

when it don’t feel like. it, and that the

operato1 is htlpless till the engine

gets ready to start. This is all wrong.

When the engine runs there is acause

or reason why it runs, and when it

stops there is a cause or 1eason why?

it stops. If the owner will 1ea1n the

leason or (ause that makes his en-

gine run, he can find out readily why

it stops. Gasoline engines are built

on mathematical and scientific prin-

ciples. In the economy of progress in

any line or direction three factors at

least must usually be present. Given

two, we may find the other and we

reach the progressive result. Take a,

young man with health and energy

and without judgment he may prove a

failure. Combine judgment with health

and energy and we have success and

progress, and so on through the var-
T HE 'M ICE to A- N EA Rim-ER?





 





JAN.“ 9, '1915.





 





 





Only One Lever

Needed





We have done away with

the bothersome second

lever. This one lever work-

ing With the foot lift con-

trols the plows while

plowing deep or. shallow.





Operate Foot Trip Only





Set the depth lever to plow as

deeply as you wish, and you are fixed

for the day’s plowing. operating the

foot lift only at the ends of the field.

Simply press the foot trip. and the

plow enters the ground point first;

touch it again and out it comes. This

simplicity in construction takes a

whole lot of work and worry out of



lowing as you go round after round



any kind of a difficult field.





Floating Bottoms

Assured Depth





The de th of the furrow is the

same at] over the field. up hill or

down. as well as in the hard spots.

This is re ulated automatically by





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





the hang o the plow bottoms in the

frame. The plow bottoms have just

enough motion at the cutting edge of

the shares to take away the “pinch”

at the plow points as they turn over

the furrow. It is somewhat like the

flexible movement that you get in a

/ spade when digging into hard ground,

you must work the handle a little be-

fore the spade will enter. This easy

motion reduces the all-day pull of the

team as the plows glide through the





soil. .. .

Easner Pulling



Don’t forget the sun~baked fields in

the late summer when your poor horses Will

have to sweat and pull to turn over the

nerd ground, or next spring when the work

a rushed and your colts are green. This

flexible movement is found only in a plow

like the Janesville. The proper suck of the

.oottoms is self-regulating according to the

depth you are plowin , and as the shares

become dull more fine is added, another

leawre found only in the Janeswlle.



No other wheel low hugs the furrow

wall like this New unesvxlle. This provnles

Iteadiness, allows more tug room, insures

even width of furrows, and makes easier

work for you and the horses.



These are only a few features found

in this New Janesville, but .they help take

the hard work out of plowmg. You save

your team, you have an easier day yourself,

and you speed up good plowmg With less





on Write for Booklet .





of many actual. field sconce showing how

the six times World’s Champion won With

Jonssville Plows. It’s the secret of all good

plowing and how it is done. Write for copy.



THE JANESVILLE MACHINE CO.

49 Center St. Janesvllle, Wis.



- Established 18.59

Builders 0! liar-rows. Planters.



Cultivators and





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 





 





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





With S._&S. Auger

Twist Moldboards -,





 

 





 





 

 





Your Land Will Not

Grow Clover Profitably





Because years of farming has used

up the Phosphorus inthe 9011. Day-

break Finely (iround Phosphate Rock

will supply the Phosphorus at a. cost .

of $1 per acre per year.



“$4,000 worth of clever from 40 acres." "2%

tons increase from 1.000 pounds of Phosphate.

on average of 2 ton per acre from each dol-

lsr’s worth of phosphate" are reports from

some of our customers.





Write us beds. for phosphate prices and we

\vlllsond you “ he Farm That. Won’t Went

Out." by Dr. C. G. Hopkins.





' FEDERAL CHEMICAL C0.,





Ground Rock Dept,

COLUMBIA. TENN.





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 

 

 





to M St.





firmwarimmwwstee





 





 





 





ions departments of knowhdse and

progress in any fine. Now, all the

gasoline engines are dependent abso-

lutely on three grand factors or pun-

.ciples, which must be present to se-

cure their proper movement and'car

pecity. The absence of either is a.

dead failure of the engine to move. I

will place these factors in order in

the relation of the progress of the

gasoline engine movement.



We must have, first, a. good electric

spark. It is folly to try to start or

run the engine unless we have this

and the ~wires must be in proper

shape, tight and trim, and the connec-

tions all good to carry this spark to

the igni‘ter, which is in the cylinder.

I have seen an expert come to a. deed

engine that could not be started and

with his fingers trace the trouble to a

broken insulated wire. The insulating

casing 011 the wire prevented the

break from being seen and it was

found by tracing all along the wires

by pressure of the fingers. After try-

ing the usual methods to start the en‘

gins without success, the expert trac-





'ed the wires and in five minutes from





the time he arrived the engine was at:

work. A EEO-mile trip had been taken

to do a very simple thing.



Second, the engine must supply to

the cylinder at proper amount of mix-

ture of gasoline and air. Too little

gasoline will not do and too much

will flood the cylinder and extinguish

the spark. Just the right quantity

comes to the operator by experience.

A knowledge of the proper color of

the exhaust and the sound and time

of the explosions will soon be acquir-

ed. The instructions which accom-

pany the engine are generally very

clear on these points. Every user of

a gasoline engine should carefully

study its principles and the instruc-

tions which come with it.



Third, the engine must have good

compression. That is, the piston or

plunger must fit, the bore in the cylin-

der snug and close so there is no leak

at the time of the explosion of the

charge that the full force of the ex-

plosion may be exerted on the head

of the piston and drive it back with

all the power of the explosion of the





‘- . charge of gasoline and air.





Considerations in Purchasing.



If these three factors or essentials

be present, first a. good live spark,

second gasoline and air gotten to the

spark at the right time and in the

right quantity and mixture, and third.

good compression in the cylinder, the

engine will so. Now, the facilities for

connecting these three factors in their

proper relation and timing the oxp10~

siou to strike the piston hood Just

when power is needed to drive it out

and maintain a suitable speed. for the

work to be done, are the ports that.

make up the advantages of the differ~

ent styles of engines that are compot-

ing for purchasers.



Simplicity is a. cardinal point in ev«

ery class of machinery. If we can

combine simplicity with good. service,

it will always be welcome. Compli-

cated parts that are not readily seen

and difficult to. get to, make lots of

trouble. The engine that will start

up under its load and do the work re

quired of it, and at the same time has

fewest complicated parts to worry and

annoy the owner out in the country

away from expert service, is the en-

gine that will prove most satisfactory.



In view of the above facts it is a

good plan when one is going to buy

an engine, to write and get the liter-

ature from several gasoline engine

manufacturers or dealers, as he will

then have a number of different styles

of engines to select from and will be

much more certain to purchase an en-

gine that will give him entire satis-

faction than he will if he answers the

advertisement of or inspects the en-

gines of only one dealer. Before I

purchased my six horse power engine

I wrote to nine different engine firms

and while one man’s engine might.

have been just “as goodies answer’s,





 





the engine I selected appeared —to' me

to fit my case exactly, and it did. I

know of no investment that will pay a

former better than a. gasoline engine.

Illinois. W. M. Humor.





This is the tenth of 52 special arti-

cles who published in consecutive is-

sues of the Michigan Farmer. The

subject of the special article for next

week will be "Canning Factory Crops

for the General Former.”





PLANNING THE FARM BUILElINGS.





 





 





The planning of farm buildings is

a. very important consideration on any

farm where new buildings are being

erected or old ones rebuilt. If one

takes pains to notice the almost uni-

versal absence of any well defined

plan of arrangement or grouping of

farm buildings on the great mapority

of farms, he will appreciate this fact

the better. In former days, it was the

almost universal practice to follow

the particular style of architecture

with which the local carpenters were

familiar, and as in most cases the

farm buildings were built piecemeal

as the owners could afford the general

lack of a. comprehensive plan in their

arrangement and grouping was a nat-

ural result. At present, however, rur-

al architecture has progressed to a

marked degree and the country is bet-

ter supplied with capable mechanics

than in pioneer days. Farmers are als

so generally better able to finance

their building operations than was the

case even a few years ago, hence

there is less excuse now for a lack of

forethought in the planning of farm





the} smaller outbuildings and equip.

ment as the planning of the more in»

percent units of the far-m plant.





The illustration on the opposite.





Page shows a. case in point. Here, al-

though apparently but a few hogs are

maintained on the farm. a concrete

feeding floor has been constructed to

prevent waste in feeding. It is built

next to a. granary or small building

where feed is stored for the hogs. The

sleeping pen for" the hogs is little

more than a continuation of the feed-

ing floor roofed over in a cheap man-

ner. This is located in a small hog

lot adjacent to the barnyard so

that the hogs can be admitted to the

yard if it is desired to have them fol-

low cattle. In the background will be

noticed a portable chute which is used

for the loading of hogs when they are

taken to market. Also there is a. set

of platform scales, at very essential

feature of farm equipment. Altogeth-

er this simple scene shows the-use of

considerable thought in planning the

smaller details of farm buildings and

should prove an inspiration and sug‘

gestion to any reader who contem-

plates making even minor improve-

ments in his farm buildings during

the coming year. It will pay to give

the proposition as careful considera-

tion as the owner of this group of

buildings has evidently done.





 





MICHIGAN EXPERFMENT ASSOCIA-

TION. ‘





Annual Meeting and Seed Exhibition.

The fourth annual meeting of the

Michigan Experiment Association will





 





 





 





 





 





Bungalow Form Home of E. J. Eustick, of Leelanau County.





buildings and their arrangement and

grouping in a. manner which will con-

duce to the economic operation of the

farm and at the some time best serve

the comfort and convenience of the

family.



In the building of houses more de-

cided. changes have occurred in very

recent years than with other farm

buildings. The bungalow type of

house is perhaps the latest develop-

ment in flue change, but: whatever the

type of house built, there is a. very

noticeable tendency toward utility

rather than ornamentation, and of

substantial construction rather than

fanciful finish. This change is on

doubted-1y in better harmony with the

natural surroundings of the country

than the type of country homes which

have been built in any period since

the Colonial styles were in vogue. The

main point. to be observed in. this con-

nection is that the modern house

should be built to facilitate the com

venience of the family and at the

same time so carefully planned as to

present an attractive appearance.



In the planning of barns and other

outbuildings, better judgment has or-

dinarily been used than in planning

farm houses, particularly since the

more recent development of our dairy

industry and, a general appreciation

of sanitary. considerations connected

therewith. Here. again, utility should

prevail, coupled. with as large a degree

of good appearance as can be secured,

There 18 as great. opportunity for the.

careful planning. in. the grouping of





be held at East Lansin , January 14.

15, 1915, directly follow rig the meet-

ing of the State Live Stock Associa~

tions. The annual exhibition of corn,

grains, etc., will be open from Janu-

ary 12-1 . Premiums are offered in

the usua. classes of corn, oats, wheat,

rye, beans, etc. Through the courtesy

of the Michigan Bean Jobbers’ Asso-

ciation, the bean section will be con-

siderably enlarged. In the bean class-

es, two samples will be required for

each entry—one to be a. well picked

sample, the other a. sample of the crop

as it came from the thresher. These

will make it possible to locate some

of the best crops of beans, those of

the right type, comparatively free

from disease and in other respects

well suited to use for seed purposes.



The association members and oth»

ers interested in improved seeds are

urged to be present. The program is

designed to be especially helpful along

the line of better varieties, seed so-

lection, sale of pedigreed seeds, etc.

The variety testing and breeding work

carried on by the College will be

brought up to date. The question of

securing suitable alfalfa seed for

Michigan planting will be up for dis

cussion and a representative of the

great alfalfa seed producing section of

the northwest will be present to ad-

dress the association. The discussion

of vetch and sweet clover as suited to

Michigan conditions will occupy a

prominent place on the program.



F'br further information and fur pre-

mium list write to V. M. Shoesmith.

Secretary, East Lansing, Mich.





 





“Tryobag” of fertilizer. Our brands

are soluble and active, and not only

increase yield, but improve quality

and beaten maturity. Agents wanted.

Address American Agricultural Chem.

ical C0., Cleveland. .Chcinnati. Detroit

or Baltimore. .





 





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--4





 





its“: it





JAN. 9. 1915.





Good Roads News.





HE fifth biennial report of the

T state highway department shows

that townships, counties and the

state have expended a total of very

01086 to $50,000,000 on good roads in

the past 13 years. This sum does not

include the money that has been spent

this year.

Wayne county members of the Leg-





islature will strongly oppose any at-





tempt at the coming session to reirive

the horse power automobile tax.

Wayne road officials favor an amend-

ment to present law regarding state

awards, on the ground that Wayne

and many of the smaller counties are

not getting just returns. It is claimed

Wayne has paid in $416,000 under

the state reward system and has re-

ceived in return but $82,000. Commis-

sioner Hines strongly favors retention

of the present county road system.



Good roads officials of Michigan and

Ohio met at Monroe and a committee

of 15 was appointed to devise ways

and means of improving the highway

between Monroe and Toledo.



'Muskegon county has voted that

hereafter the city and every township

can get free gravel for street or road

improvement work from either of the

two county pits. The only charge

made is for clearing and keeping pits

clean. The wages of the county road

crew are reduced from $2 a day to 20

cents an hour.



Berrien county has awarded con-

tracts for building about 31 miles of

waterbound macadam roads in 1915.





THE MICHIGAN





Frary of that city, and with about half

of the townships represented. It was

the sense of the meeting that Lapeer

county should bond for suflicient mon-

ey, probably $500,000, to build 239

miles of improved highways, following

the plan that was carried out in Gen-

esee county. A committee was named

with at least one member in each

township, to circulate petitions asking

the supervisors at the January session

to submit the proposition of a bond is-

sue for action at the spring election.

Kent Co. ALMOND GRIFFEN.





MICHIGAN'S CHAMPION CORN

HUSKER.





P. E. Thomas, of Kent county,

claims the championship of Michigan

for corn husking. He established a

new record this year on the farm of

R. G. Brumm, in Barry county, when

he husked 146 bushels in 10 hours, an

average of 14 3-5 bushels per hour, or

one bushel to each 4 2-7 minutes. His

best time during the day was 15 bush-

els in 40 minutes. Mr. Thomas’ grand-

father was an expert husker and at

one time did' even better than the

grandson’s best record, husking 168

bushels in 10 hours. His father husk-

ed 147 bushels in 10 hours. Mr. Thom-

as lias made a business of husking

corn for 17 years. He says the corn

in Mr. Brumm’s field is the best in

which he ever worked. The corn is

of the Folsom’s yellow dent variety.

Mr. Brumm’s field contains 8 1-6 acres

and the total yield was 1,143 bushels,

an average of 140 bushels per acre.

There is no question about the cor-





 





A Good Job of Planning—(See Planning Farm Buildings, Page 34).





The Good Roads Supply & Construc—

tion 00., of Chicago, will build the fol—

lowing: Territorial road, 3.6 miles,

$24,009.35; Napier road, 2.2 miles, $17,-

000; Pipestone road, 4 miles, $28,871.-

10; Paw Paw river road (long sec-

tion), 3.1 miles, $21,146.97; Paw Paw

road (short section), three-fourths of

a mile, $5,940. The Lehigh Stone Co.,





of Kankakee, 111., will build as fol‘,





lows: Galien-Buchanan road, 6.4

miles, $36,759.15; Galien-Stevensville

road, 33/4 miles, $20,566.65; Lake

Shore road, six miles, $42,977.09. The

Elkhart Bridge & Supply Co., of Elk-

hart, Ind., will build the culverts and

bridges, at cost of $3,910.90. After

1915 it will be possible to travel from

VVatervliet and other points in Ber-

rien county through to Chicago, a dis-

tance of nearly 150 miles, on improved

stone roads.



The European system of planting

fruit trees along the highways is rec-

ommended for adoption in this state

by the Michigan Good Roads Associa-

tion.



Warden Russell, of Marquette pris-

on, W’arden Fuller, of Ionia, and other

Michigan penologists, oppose the plan

of prison labor on roads. The ground

taken is'that the work deprives men

of schools and library advantages, reg-

ular baths, etc., and is a. survival of

the old system’of hard labor, and op-

posed to the new penology.





A good roads meeting was held re-‘





cently at Lapeer, called by Mayor





 





 





 





FARMER





Outfit FREE





This Offer §_o_r_‘

£22232 29.1!





M CornGrader that

com Grader Free ridesSeed Cornper-

feet] for your drop planter, now goes ree with my Chat-

ham Illachine. Formerly it sold for $5.00 extra.





Wild Oat Separator Free





My new Wild Oat Separator can be had free in place of the

Corn Grader Apparatus. E remember. With any Chat-

ham. New Gan takes out eve Wild Oat—from wheat, barley

and flax—gets t em—EVERY NE.



1 announce tor the next 30 day. absolutely the lowest

vices and most llberal terms ever known. This 0 er



‘ ' xtrnordinary is made possible onl throu h tremendously

MW increased sales and consequent re notion in factory costs.

The total cost of my Chatham Grain



Reduced Prices Grader and Cleaner with all equipment

and attachments is almost.$10,00 less than a year ago. That’s an astounding

saving on a machine of this kind. I [now :9" for 39:}, or

("I -



Libera Credit 33...: retain-g;

cept your personal promise. You can wait till next October

to pay. if you wish.





Free Tria no money down—no deposit—no





notes or romises to pay until you have had a lull month’s

home tea? and have decided you want to keep the machine.





Write





This offer is so see-

clnl that I reserve

the right to with-

draw itin 80 days.

If you want to take

advantage ofit ACT

AT ONCE.





 

 

 





   





Neener I:rlfil la! m

soul ' ll Onl-

ee weeds- y “‘0':



lee-Ferns.





WHEAT and RYE

RemovesWild 0ets,0hess.

Cockle. Wild Buckwheat

020.. from ALL kinds of

wheat. Grades all varie-

ties; excels hand picking.





   

 

   

   

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





Removes mustard. kale,

wild peas. uack grass,

cochleand ot erordinary

weeds, Blasts straw mints.

chafl. thistle buds. Sepa-

rates timothy. wheat.

vetch. Grades out twin

oats. pin oats, hull-oats.

Makes perfect grade for

drill.



BARLEY



'Brewors and seed rude

free ofWild Oats and us-

tard or any other weed.



BEANS and PEAS

Cleans, grades and re-

moves spits and defec-

tives from 18 varieties,



including cow peas.





 





   

   

 





 

   

 

 





   

 

 

 





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





   

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





 

 

 





 

   





Blasts coho. chail‘, silks.

Removes broken grains

shoe peas. tips. bu ts and

uneven kernels; grades

flat even grams for ,

perlect drop.

ULOVER



Removes buckhorn and 62

other weeds without waste





TIMOTHY

Removes plantainmepper

rose and 33 other weeds.

eves volunteer timothy

from oats and wheat.





ALFALFA 8- FLAX

Removes dodder and fox-

tail: heads. stems. fibers.

wild oats, mustard. barn-

yard graes. false flax.

broken wheat. Blasts out

shrunken. f r o z e n or





   





   

 

 

 

 





 

 





I now ship on wide openjree

I trial, no matter where you live—





 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

   

 

 





 

 

   





Send Postal today

and got, by return

null. my Special 30

Day Pro osition Eng





     

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 





 





BIG CR PS.





 

 

 





The Manson droughted seed

cameeu Company Backed by my Free Service

Dept.80 Dept. (extra screens and





Detroit. Michlgen

Kansas City. Mlseeurl

Mlnne-polls, Mlnneeote





A New Dust-proof

Perfectly Oiled 4-». ****





Here is an improvement

that tells in still another

way of durability, cificicncy



and light draft found in the ié‘cco”.“.§t2$2.$15,552,133;





STANDARD ro OIL CNAMBER RON

wmcn IT saunas oven U“

BEARING 5900!. wmim BEARING





sieves free) I guarantee you

can do all these things. I





 





Bearing





 





 





 

 

 





Disk Harrows and Plows Axum





. . sxuucnwiisnzn

The illustration in this announcement

shows how our hardwood oil-soaked

bearingsarcnowcncascdinmctaldust-

proof boxes; and how the oil is con—

ductcd inside of the bearings. Could

it be simpler? Could it be improved?





Ask your dealer to show you a CUTAWAY

(CLARK) disk barrow or plow. If he doesn't

handle them, write us at. once for free catalog.





THE CUTAWAY HARROW COMPANY

Maker of the original CLARK disk harrows and plows

992 MAIN ST., HIGGANUM, CONN.



BEATS ELECTRIC





BOYTOM BOX





 





 





rectness of Mr. ’l‘homas’s record, as

accurate time was kept on his work

and on the measure of his corn by Mr.

Brumm. Mr. Thomas says he expects

to beat his own record and that of his

grandfather next yEar.



Kent Co. A. D. S.





MORE BIG EARS OF CORN.





I saw in The Farmer of November

28 the report of a large ear of corn

that had 24 rows and 1,152 kernels. I

can beat that. I have one with 28

rows and 1,205 kernels.



Calhoun Co. F. PITTLEKO'W.





In a recent issue of the Michigan

Farmer I noticed the reports of differ-

ent parties, of big ears of dent corn.

Now let me report an ear of Yellow

Flint corn, Compton’s Early Flint,

which is one foot in length, has 14

rows of corn thereon, that number

840 kernels.



Lapeer Co. M. A. CRAWFORD.



Thirty-three to 35 degrees is the

best temperature for storing potatoes.

A thermometer does not cost much

and at least one should be hung where

the potatoes are stored. It may save

many bushels of potatoes. It is a

good plan to test the thermometer.

This can be done by Securing a stan-

dard thermometer. Put them both in

water for a few minutes and see if

they register the same.





NBWKERDSENE LIGH on GASOLmE





:0 Days FREE—Send No Money





We don't ask'yon to pay us a cent until you ave us .



this wonderful modern light in your own home ten days, then you



may return it at our ex nse if not rfectly _



:atxsfied.tYou can’t tossxtliyloseagent. 3653mm: Men Willi rlgs malts



o rove oyou a 1 ma es anor mar 01 am



loot Ilike aLcagtgsle; (beats tele‘ttl'ilf' gzoilliilie 01:- 5100 I0 5:00 per



ace y ene. lg. an '18 pu' on 1 e0 0 amp! month Del .flng



Tests at 14 leadin U t h '



g niversi ies s ow that It, . the 'ALADDIN on our



easy plan. No previous

experience necessary.





Burns 50 Hours on One Gallo’n

Practicall ever farm





common coal oil (kerosene), no odor. smoke or



nOise,simple,cl::n, won’texplode. Threexnilion home an amal town



people already enjoying this powerful, white, home will buy after

trying. One farmer who





~ gaudy light, nearest to sunlight. Guaranteed. had hi hi

> never so an t n

\, .. £1 , 0 00. O 0 Reward . 29,123.33: gimme-“g

_ ., I e rs

Will given to the person who shows us an oil . .2 Another

‘ lamp equal tothe new Aladdin in every way de- fa": 1‘ ‘ °33fd fif sf.

tails of offer given in our circular). Would we are fiflfimafiomggmih

make such a challenge if there were the slightest money endorse the

doubt as to the merits of the Aladdin? GET diniuatu stronslr.

ONE FREE. We wantone user In each loeel- No ”one Required

fly to whom we can refer customers. To that per- We furni- e-nital tor

eon we have a special introductory offer tomake, Hakim” “get stiff“,-

under which one lamgsgs given tree, Write plan °:,,°“'.,.,',,"‘.,:,‘:,°'.;

quick for our lO-Day A lately Free Trial Prop- makégng money In unec-

osition and learn how to get onelree. _L__m__cu l ‘0

“ANTI-E LAMP COMPANY. 814 Aladdln lulldln‘, Gill“ 0, III.

Largest lend-mun end Dumb“ e! Kerosene leave I... In the ‘efld





 

 

 





 





   





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





—r

.—

——





lllWHAT DO YOUR SAVINGS EARN?





We ofl'er for the safe investment of your funds





MUNICIPAL BONDS





Yielding from 4% to 6% income, many issues tax free.



These bands are paid from taxes—by coupons collectable thru any bank—and all

the property of the (‘ities, Counties or other Political Subdivisions issuing them is

pledged for the prompt payment of principal and interest.



We absolutely own all the bonds we offer and have spared no time and expense to

make sure of their security and legality.



They are in denominations of $100, $500 and $1000, and can be purchased on





OUR PARTIAL PAYMENT PLAN





if you so desire. This is explained in general information given in free booklet “Bonds

of our Country." which Will be sent on request. Write for one today.





BOND DEPARTMENT

THE NEW FIRST NATIONAL BANK, -





 





 





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 

 





COLUMBUS, onio





 





 





 





 





When writing to advertisers please mention the Michigan Farmer
New Fiee Catalog





15 SEEDS





Mail a postal today for l{your copy of the

finest seed catalog Isbe ever published.

Tells all about the best old and new varie-

ties of vegetables. flowers and field crops.

Many of them never advertised before.





From Grower to You





We grow thousands of acres of hardy

seeds here in the north. Your money back

if the seeds do not please on arrival. See

the photographs of our seed farms and

methods in our new catalog.





Wholesale Prices





Buy from us and save the retailer's profit.

Get mama» seed and better. fresher seed for your

gone}. 200.000 satisfied customers plant Isbell' I



orthern Grown Seed every y.car





10c for 25¢ Worth





Mail ilve 2~cent stamps and not live full-sized



sokets— melon. rodi cucumber. best and



ttuce. These five packets free if you )lnm an

order later. Judge our whole line by. t eso five

samples. You’ ll not be disappointed.





lZO-Page Book FREE!





Our line 1916 SEED ANNUAL is

worth money to you just for the new





 





 





 





varieties it tells about. sure

send or a copy. Tear out this ad-

vertisement now as a reminder—

or write us a postal at once.





5. M. ISBELL & CO.





Seed Growers for 3‘ Years ‘

904 Pearl Street. Jackson, Mich.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





It's easy

t o g a r-

den with

Iron Age

tools.





WHEEL“ HOES

AND DRILLs





mean a big variety of

- fine vegetables. with

drudgery - stooping',

hoeing and hand-weed-

ing cut out.





   

 





 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





In one operation the tool shown bellow \ilvilrlifipercigvhétornhe

tm'r t we or to 1 11 ~1

ow.s sow 0151 did. lggdglsgl) pack itwitli roller. and mark





ex ow. thre a min-



ethe n 'gsn ore and on sve a wheel hoe culti-

Vlkn‘ that can ’t in beatenm 3: {combinations

pt 32. 1'70 to $12 00. hi: planting ,

cl,ose safe cultivation. Ask your



or to show them. 1' h kl t

0d: for rec on e

WIRE-Idol: “- t ”With Modem Tools.’





BATEMAN

M'F’G GO.

, Box

Crunch, Hui.





 





 





Send 25c and I will send

you these seeds, one reg-





 





mato Early Sgt-lag Cabbage,



Late Fifi Dutch abbage. Davis



Perfect Cucumber Hoodoo Muskmelon, Big



Boston Lettuce. Erench Breakfast Radish.



Mixed Zinnia. Mixed P dug Asll kinds of ‘

a





 





   





est RTrees, Grape Vines. Berries, Flowering

' Shrubs, Roses. First class stock. Low prices.

Sendior illustrated l915 Seed and Tree Garden Book. full

‘_ “helpful lnlormation. Itisiree.



GERMAN NURSERIES 8r SEED HOUSE

(CarlSondei-euer) Beatrice, N eh.





EDS ETREEE THAT ERllW

WEEDLESS FIELD SEEDS





We are trying with all our might to furnish ab-

solutely pure. Al sike Mammoth. Alfalfa.

Tl mothy Sweet Glover, and all other fieldseeds.

with all Hash andhmnatun grains remo

“ME for free sen 8i:- and instmtim

How to Know ood Seed."

0.3. soon & SON, 28 Main St... lsryuv‘llle, 0M0





SEEDS





Vi Quail Seeds produce the choicest vegetables and

llocgeé. Grotvgn withgn eat care for those who appreciate

quality. No matwrw hilt you need. Garden. I' iddor Flower

feeds, we have them and odor only the best varieties grown.



‘uiidy described in our free catalog. Write for it today.

Wild SEED co. BOX 142 MECHANIOSBURG. OtilO





Now is the

Time to Buy

Prices decidedly

lower. Buy be-





fore advance and save money. Get our special low prices

and free samples of our Iowa Grown New Crop Reclaimed

Tested Glover and Timothy Seed. Also Alfalfa.1 Alsike.

Sweet Clover. All kinds grass seed. 92 page cat 1103 free,

quoting all field seeds. Save money by writin at once.



.A. BERRY SEED 00.. Box 131 CLARIN A, IOWA





SAVE 50 per cent.





ON TREES





luy direct from our Nurseries and get best, reli-



able, hardy nursery stock at a saving of fully one-



half. Write today for free copy of 1915 catalogue.

CELERY CITY NURSERIES,





Box 112, Kalamazoo, Michigan.





Strawberry Plants





Guaranteed as good as grows at $1.“) per

1000 and up. Catalogue FREE.

BBOTHERSJLQ. Paw Pamlllch





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





TBAWBERRIE °“""°°

FREE to III

Reliable, interesting and instructive—All sh out tthoN ow





EVOrhonrors and other important varieties ‘Addreu

C. I. FLANSBURGH I. SON. JACKSON, MIC“.





stfiswberrymoo Plants. vigorous northern Michigan stock





Val noble illustrated catalog free.

lily-rs Plant Nursery, Ilerrill. Mich. Bohemian Nursery-an.





So i P'

$me CLOVER mmygtggw ,1; 3;”





ll'ree. JOHN A. SHEEHAN. B.4 Falmouth, Ky





 





 





 

   





ular sized package of each: Acme Tomato. ,





   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   





 





THE MICI—lVIGANl-FA’RMER





(Continued from last week).



N three weeks the wound is healed



a sharp knife goes along the



and strings are cut. A man with

row and cuts through the string up

the back of the seeding. If the bud-

ding has been done properly, the bud

by this time is united with the seed-

ling and needs no further protection.

The leaf stem drops off the bud, leav-

ing it exposed for the winter, just as

it would be if it were back on the

limb or scion of the parent tree from

whence it came.





Oftentimes these buds, especially

the more tender varieties, freeze out

during severe winters. If three-fourths

of them are alive in springtime and

start to grow, the nurseryman consid-

ers it a good stand. Late in Septem-

ber, the seedlings are plowed up to,

not, however, so as to cover the bud.

In March of the following year, men

go through the rows with pruning

shears and cut off all the seedlings

just above where the bud was insert—

ed, two inches above the ground. The

field of seedlings then look to the in-

experienced man as though they were

worthless. The brush is all carried

out and nothing remains to be seen

but the stumps of these little trees,

but the live buds are in these stumps

and, as soon as the warm days come,

they start rapid growth. Apple, Euro-

pean plum, pear and sweet cherry

buds grow up into straight whips four





to six feet high by September. Sour

cherries do not grow so tall, but de-

velop more branches. Peach buds de-

velop very many branches.





Early Care of the Trees.





As soon as the bud and the natural

suckers or “sprouts" from the seed-

ling are about two inches long in May,

men go through the rows to “sprout”

the seedlings. All the suckers are

removed, so as to give the bud every

chance to make the best growth. The

bud itself is not touched. No knife

work is necessary. The suckers are

tender and are pulled off easily With

the fingers. No attempt is made to

prune the buds during the first sea-

son. They are cultivated and grubbed

from April until August 1. This is

done so that they will make a vigor-

ous, healthy growth. In September or

October, they are shovel-plowed up to,

leaving the ground about six inches

higher around the trees than it is in

the center of the row. These buds are

now called yearlings. Very few are

dug up for market, except peaches.

All peaches are dug, however, when

they are yearlings.



Outdoor winter trimming of the

buds starts about February 1 and con-

tinues until the workis finished in

March. All the branches are cut off

close to the trunk and the bud headed

back Apple buds may be headed as

low as 18 inches and as high as 36.





 





Most nurseries head all. their standard





The Fruit Tree’s N urscry Days.





 





kinds at about 30 inches from the

collar.



The Second Year in the Nursery.



We are now at the beginning of the

second year of the bud’s life. Instead

of little stumps two inches high with

tiny buds in them, we see rows of

straight whips, all cut to a uniform

height, say about 30 inches above the

ground.



In May, they are ready to be “rub

bed down.” Beginning one and one-

half feet from the top, all the new

growth is taken off to the bottom of

the tree. Thus the trunk of the tree

is formed and all the growth goes into

the top. The nurserymen are not par-

ticular how many limbs are left to

grow. Sometimes only four or five de

velop on one tree, while the next tree

may have a dozen. Four branches are

considered sufficient ,to make a first-

class tree. Where more than four

limbs are on a tree, many of them are

cut off during the summer for scions

for budding. If, however, they are

not thus used, the nurseryman sends

the tree on to the fruit-grower with

sometimes eight or ten or a dozen

branches on it. Cultivation is kept up





this year just as thoroughly as during.





the two preceding seasons.

Digging the Trees.



The trees are ready to be dug about

October 20. The first heavy frost rip-

ens up the wood, and the leaves be-

gin to fall. The trees cannot be dug,





 





Bundles of Trees “Heelcd in” Awaiting Shipment.





however, until all the leaves are off,

and it is often necessary in the early

fall to strip them by hand. In the

olden days, the nurserymen dug trees

with big spades.» "It was very hard

work and the roots of the trees were

oftentimes badly injured when dug in

this manner, especially if the ground

should happen to be dry and hard.

The modern way is to use a tree dig-

ger. It consists of a strong steel

scoop that runs under the row of

trees, lifting as it goes, dirt, roots and

all, five or six inches, and loosening

the ground around the roots so that a

boy can pull the trees out of the

ground with one hand. This steel

scoop has a beam on each side with

Wheels to regulate it just like a plow.

It goes down under the trees from

one and one-half to two feet. Twenty

horses are necessary to haul this dig-

ger in heavy ground. The horses go

in single file, ten on each side of the

row. Two heavy ropes extend from

the whiffletree on the digger to the

leading horse, and the tugs of each

horse on the string are attached to

these ropes. The digger is usually

held by four men: The horses in the

string play an important part in steer-

ing it. If the digger crowds the row

on one side, the horses on that string

are held back a. trifle until the digger

again runs into the right position. It

cannot be steered by the men like a

plow. ' The horses must betrainedand

made to help in keeping it straight





 





 





JAN. 9, 1916.





. w... SPRAYERS





 





 





30 DIFFERENT STYLES





Fur-field, orehsrdandgnrden. Ian hone sndeum

power. All give higtl; prelgsure. eel: agitationand





"OB-l! opera

781"! plunger. cylinder, etc. Bur-

ma's Orrin-13.99337 ht

Write tori-a! forifirurhi Free oak





OW. ND

WHEN fT0 SPRAY" offer-“d

mean

to first buyermo local-

ity this season. Be

save money.

' 111: I. L must urn. n.





94. It‘ll-.30.“...





95 of

YA”i gSizes





Afar All Uses





Junior Leader Orchard Sprayer with





2 n. 1'. engine. I-ultmoer pump-

. m-essure. Auto-

matic agitation of liq-

, uld. suction strainer is brush

‘ cleaned. We also make

Bucket, Barrel. Haunted Po-

tato lprayors, m.





 





.. Free catalog. Spraying

1 formulas and spraying di-

Junior Leader sprayer rections. Address





mmmcsruurco..nep1. l..flu1in,u.',





 

 





 





There will be no trouble about



it if on use high pressure



I Hardie prayers. They are made

by sprayer specialists.





, Hardie Sprayers

Over 30. 000 successful rowers use





commercial

. them because they must have thebe

There is a perfectly deal ”Hardie thand or





i nwer sprayer for sprsyi urposo

THE BARBIE MFG. CO.





 





 

 





 

 





S. apex-men

culture uses it and

; Asliced make it o“m"..prolit-

but:





 





 





 

 

 





”aloneyjs rite todsy for NE Malone

catalogue, it tells ow we. t c

largest growers in New York State



grow our own trees and sell our choice

stock direct at wholesale prices. We

retognize our responsibility to fruit

growers and have issued a novel whole-

sale catalogue that explain: our nurs-

Send for cop





98 Dansville,N. Y Dansviile's

ioneerWholesa eNunery

MILLIONS





RFF'S BERRY PLANT or rum.





1200 acres fruit plantsEl trees, farm seeds. 26

years experience. addresses of 5 fruit

“31°" “sin...“ 35%??? ”6“” i“

caaogue 0 us y ar ans

w. as 0,113” wO ”11.113.301.10





Peach and Apple

Trees 2c and up





Pea, Cher “Plum Grapes. Strawberr





   

   

 

 

   

   

 

 





business.





   





   

 

 

 





 





 





t Carl F

TENN. N RSERY CO.. Box 62. CLEVEiANl; 9155‘.le





 





STRAWBERRY PLANTS.





1000 for 81 as per new odor in free catalogue. 100



varieties and Everbearcrs listed Seed corn. potatoes.

as.pberries vines. shrubs. fruit trees and ever thing.



ALLEGAN NURSERY, — Allegnn. Niche





And all small FRUIT



A.NTS catalo of

bargains free. B sok

Berry. Ras pherry and





Shrubbery. Everbearing Straw r_ry lento free

for a list of your fruit growing rien names.





Bridgman Nursery Co. , Box 9, Bridgman, Midi





llllL’S EVERGREEIS GROW





Best for windbreaks, hedges. screens. I‘ree Catalog.

0. lllll. IUISEIY 60. ., In” 2301 Cedar St. Blinder. lll.





WHOLESALE PRICES

rmmasmw u





w‘"“°""1§it€?é%° 1*... .2





YOUNG-RANDOLIEF





 





 





     





 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





a...“





1

l

1

l

'I

1
,fim





, wuw‘ .‘L—m .—- .





 





 





JAN. 9, ‘ 1915.





TVHET MICHIGAN' F'AR1MER





under the trees. Somtimes a big work is not complete until dry excel-,





stone throws the digger out, and it sior is stuffed around theoutside of





chops off very many trees at the col-

lar before. it is stopped.

Grading the Trees.



After the digger runs under the

trees, they may be left with perfect

safety just where they stand for a

week or ten days until the nursery-

men get around to pull them out, sort

and tie them and haul them to the

packing ground. Two-year trees are

sorted into four grades. These

grades are standard throughout the

country as well as in western New

York. All trees eleven-sixteenths of an

inch and over in diameter two inch-

es above the collar, that have a bal-

anced head with at least four limbs

on it, that will go from five to seven

feet high from the collar, and that

have a good root system, are first-

class, two-year trees. Second class

trees measure five-eighths to eleven-

sixteenths inch in diameter at the col-

lar and are from four to six feet in

height; thirdclass half to five-eighths

inch in diameter, three to four feet

high; fourth-class three-eighths to

half inch in diameter, two and one-





these roots, so that they will not be

exposed to air currents and to light

and'become dried out.





Selling the Stock.



Early in March the nurserymen be-

gin to pull these trees out of these

tiers for shipment to southern and

western points. In April the shipping

season is at its height, continuing well

into the middle of May. The nursery-

men each have their own system of

selling and billing out and packing

their trees. Some firms sell through

agents, others advertise their trees in

the farm papers and sell direct to the

planter through the mails. Fifteen

years ago, but little mail order busi-

ness was done; the bulk of the trees

being marketed by fruit tree agents.

Today, however, the mail order nur-

sery business has grown to such an

extent that millions of trees are sold

in this way.



The selling season begins about

September 1 of each year and is at its

height in the following February and

March, continuing Well into the month,

of May. Many nurseries make special





 





 





5—37





"The Recollection of Quali Remains

Lon After the Price is orgotten. '

Trade rink Registered. . -E. c. SIMMONS.





Requirements





What do on expect of a hammer—a rightly

formed hand e that can’t work loose or come 0 f—a





face you cannot batter—the true hang and balance

for strai ht driving? Then you must get a hammer

on whic





this name appears.





KEEN KUTTER 1





Tools





No matter what kind of tools you want, this name

signifies that every requirement in quality and

service will be met.



Every tool bearing the Keen Kutter trade mark

is guaranteed for qualit . That trade mark_means

that the dealer is authori d to return the price if it

doesn’t give satisfaction.





 





Send for our Home Furniture

Design Booklet No. AS-976‘.





If not at your dealer’s, write us.





Simmons Hardware Company

St. Louis New York Philadelphia .

Toledo Minneapolis Sioux City I





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Winter Scene in a Block of Apple Trees.





half to three feet high. Due allow-

ances are made for sour cherries,

dwarf pears and apples, as regards

height, in grading them. They do not

naturally grow as tall as the other

kinds. However, no allowance is ever





made for lack of measurement at the ..New York.





collar. If the tree does not measure

eleven-sixteenths of an inch, strong, it

must go into the second grade.





Storing the Trees.



Peach trees are usually put on the

market at one year old, and they are

graded differently from pears, a.pp1es,,

plums and cherries. .The first grade

measures nine-sixteenths of an inch

and up in diameter at the collar, and

runs from four to six feet in height;

the second grade seven-sixteenths of

an inch in diameter, and the third

graie five-sixteenths of an inch in di-

ameter. First—class trees are tied

neatly in bundles of ten, with two

labels on each bundle, indicating the

variety. Fifteen trees of the second

class are put in one bundle, twenty of

the third class, twenty—five of the

fourth class.



Most trees are dug, sorted and-tied

in bundles in this manner in the fall

and kept in cold storage over winter,

to be shipped to planters early in the

spring. The cold storage is not nec-

essarily frost-proof. It is usually made

of brick, with double windows and

doors to ”keep out severe cold, and is

well ventilated. The trees are packed

in the storage plant in tiers from the

ground to the ceiling. A layer of damp

excelsior is put between the roots as

the trees are laid, down. No excelsior

is placed around the bodies and heads,

for these overlap each other in the

center of the tier, with the roots all

facing toward the outside. When the

tier 13 all laid up tothe ceiling the





inducements to their patrons to send

their orders to them early in the sea-

son, so that they can plan in advance

their great task of shipping trees to

all their customers at just the right

time, in the early days of April.

MARTIN KING, JR.





 





LIVE STOCK lN SPRAYED OR.

CHARDS.





 





There seems to be considerable aux--





iety over the probability of injury to

live stock from the poisoned spray

that falls on the grass in the orchard.

In most cases each animal would

need to eat about a wagon load of

grass at a meal to get enough poison

to cause injury. With the exception

of hogs, live stock should not be al-

lowed to pasture in the orchard. This

is not on account of probable injury

to the live stock but to the trees. It

the orchard is in sod the grass should

be mowed and allowed to remain on

the ground as a mulch to prevent the

loss of moisture. Hogs may be very

useful in an orchard by way of keep-

ing the soil loosened up and by de-

stroying the insect-infested apples

that fall to the ground.



There is sometimes danger in pois-

oning poultry in an orchard, not from

the fowls eating the poisoned grass,

but from eating large quantities of

worms that have been poisoned by

the spray. Beneficial birds are also

frequently poisoned in this way. In

commercial orchards where the spray-

ing is done early in the season, the in-

sects are killed while very small and

therefore do not contain enough pois-

on to cause injury. The chief danger

comes from spraying trees badly in-

fested with full-grown insects of the

canker worm type.





 





_ _ Seeds, bulbs, plants, shrubs and trees of the best

quality. Slxty acres of home grown roses.





. Our new illustrated catalog No. 2 describes the above. Catalog No. 1 gives de-

tailed description of fruit and ornamental trees. Either or both mailed upon request.





THE STORRS & HARRISON 00.

Box 536, Painesvllle, OHIO





Nurserymen, Florists and Seedsmen





Established for 61 years.





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Strawberries

, Grown the Kellou Way

. . Yield $500to $1200 per

acre. Get our beautifully

illustrated 64-page book

and learn how it’s done.





Send nomoney. Theboo Pulvorized woolen lime rook for "sour" soils.



is FREE. grit: for L d Bsutmmfi Pgeshfllrfit to you from

115 econ an 811 on 81' 1'. 0 .



R. M.KELLOGG CO. LAX SHORE STONE 00.. unit‘iiukee. Wis.





Box 515. Thu. Rivers. Mich.





o E

__,.......... L | M E 8 TO N E





‘. Mother Root Apple Grafts make



, :igorous, farlyhbearigg. heiwily For Gonefal Farm ”.0.



" mitinzm can 03116 .1008 ived Finely pulverized made from highest. hi h cal i

trees. To prove their; Worth, we atone. 1i -k h' ' , g e um

of?” 6 Grafts (rmmd) for testing, if sample lfind«uprisceipmentzs in closed oars. Let us send





you will send We to help cover cost _

Northern leo 60., Petoakey, Mich.





and mailing expense. They will bear

—You 'should get the highest grade

of limestone manufactured. Buy

it upon the basis of analysis. We

manufacture the hi host finds pul-





benelo upon barrels of apples in a few years'

time. Catalogue telllng about. other Blizzard

Belt nuns, EVERBEARING STRAWBER-

verlzed limestone so (1 in ichl on.

Let us‘prove it. Ask for sample and analysis. I

CAMPBELL STONE 00.. Indian River. Mich.

SEED.——“’hite and large bien-





swan 2:“:21'sv-tssandsasm°n

u H .

GLOVE R 133x 129. Falmouth. Kexitgglg:





PURE FIELD SEEDS





Clover. Timothy. Alsike. Alfalfa a (1 ll kl



Pure Field Seeds direct. from prodngo :0 001133513?

Free from noxious weeds. ASK F0 SAMPLES.

A. C. HOYT 8: C0.. Box M, Fostorin, Ohio.





 





 





 





 





' inns, «a. runs. Write today.

TheGardner NurseryOonBox 850 Outage.





APPLE “3:3,?





Our new catalogue illustrates

and describes great values in

nursery stock, Apples. Peaches,

Pears. Berries. Ornamentals.

etc. Everyonewritin foresta-

logue will receive REE, a

Clematis Paniculata. We will

give our friends thousands of

them. We have one for you.

Write now and mention this paper.

Progress Nursery 00., Troy, 0.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





l""“Tmlmlllm llllillll ""'-.H H mm; H“



ill b H m. . 1":‘..“ I



Humans Elsi";

muyareanaveafi





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Deal with us. the growers—not with agents. You\

save half and get better trees. Whatever you want

for the Fruit Garden or Orchard—we have it.





A Big Supply of Apple and Peach Trees

Pear Plum Quince Cherry Grape Vines. Ornamental Tree

Roses. Planti. Best New Fruits: All of them finest stock—true to nine.

Our 35 years' reputation for square dealln is our nran



deal direct by catalogue only. There’s no 52er); likeRuGreent’es?or was.





Our finely illustrated catalo 0 gives rsctical useful

of fruit trees. 11’: free. au'l‘h Ypears with ruining-3%?3é’gfifig

C. A. Green’s Book of Canning Fruits sent free also, Write us today.‘





‘onnms NURSERY (:0. 29 Wall 3:. Rochester.N. Y.
THE MJC—HIGANFARMER





 





JAN. 9, 1915.





 





 





c





. Nice Bossy-Father Says

You're Giving an Awful

Lot of Milk Now!





It is a common thing to hear

cow owners express their enthu- ,

siasm for Kora—Kurt after using

it on sickly or”hackward”cows;

and no wonder. Kant-Kurt has

such a wonderful effect on the

genital and digestive organs that

many cow ailments commonly

regarded as very serious can be

prevented or promptly relieved

by following the simple direc-

tions. If you have never used

Kow—Kure,we want to send you

our useful free treatise on cow

diseases, “The Cow Doctor.”





You can buy Kory—Kurt in 50c

or $1.00 packages from drug-

gists and feed dealers.



Dairy Association Co.

Lyndonville, Vt.





 

   





   





   

 





 

 





   





 





 

 

 





The

SANITARY -





Cine-m Sep orator ‘ f’

is made so good in my facto that

will send it anywhere in that-{land

States without an expert to

set ttfup.to artiiy infexpetrlieilictig

user ora90- ay ree ra .

test against any make or kind. that

even sells for twice as much and let

the user be the judge. It‘s the most

modem, the most sanitary. the most

scientific. the cleanest skimmer. the

most beautiful in design of an!

cream separator made today an .

l have seen 1;}0211'6 all. M“

Trove 000 es

look over every frictory iii the United States and all the

foreign countries—you won’t find its superior at any

price. Made in our own factory from the finest ma-

terial. on the best automatic machinery. by skilled

workmen, in tremendous quantities. all parts alike,

interchangeable and standard. and sold to you for loan

money than ligated!!! 1:1“; lobbgtrs can buy machines not

:isgoodlnw on us ors cash.

Get My {915 Catalog Free

, It'lso good that no dill man who

ownsz or 100 cows can at ord to'be

without it. All I ask you to do is first

In 191551in scale. profit-shar-

price schedule before you decide

to urchnse any cream separator ot





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

   





   

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

   

 

 

 





In. Galloway, Pres.

Wm. Galloway Co.

173 Galloway Station

» Waterloo lo





‘15





iiiismciu ennui if





SEPARATOB “e





A sour Pnornsmnu to send lull: ‘"

grunt-oil. a new. well made. easy

running, perfect skimmingr separator

for $15.95. Sklms warm or cold

milk: making heavyor light cream.

Tbehowi is a unitary mrnl. easily.

cleaned.



ABSOLUTELY ON APPROVAL



Gears thoroughly protected.

Different from this picture, which

hush-axes our large capacity

”whims. Wat-n micr- tilled tro-

lezlm pints. Whether y our

iairy is lar e 0r small write for our

handsome ree catalog. Mints:





manic“ EEPARATOR co.

Box 306! mange. N. Y.





2.?!”...?.%.""“’





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





."fltl"





l





lurch loqluttob. ' I"

fly Jr. lo. 2. Light running, .

easy cleaning, close ukun- ‘

In ’ :‘





#, durable. punrnntood

u otlmo. Shims 95 quarts ‘

hour In ‘

mortise- up too 1-2 lhown here.





30 In Free Trial 5:533; gag:





”3314.: and direct from- notary" «if:

335%..» omhuf. '





 





   





   

 

 

   





It. monomer





mau- mco. a» '

$339.... .32 cmcaoo





       





   

   

   

   

   

 





 

   

   

   

   

 





': I . .

-‘ {one week and by wetting his grain ra-





 

 





‘man is now feeding wet grains.





1 WWWMIWW Le

E . E

Dairy

g ‘ ' o .’ E





$1llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllI|lIlllllllIIlllllllII"WI!"lllllllllllllllllllllllfi

CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





WET OR DRY GRAIN FOODS.





 





It has always been quite a question

Whether grain foods should be fed wet

or dry. We have tried at various

times to get our cows accustomed to

eating their grain rations and silage

mixed together, but the practice has

always resulted in decreased yields of

milk. Some feeders claim that the

main reason that wet grains produce

better results is because the cows get

more water into their systems than

they do when they are turned out to

water once or twice a day. This is a

strong argument, but our cows have

water basins at their sides and still

give more milk when fcd’wet grains.

1 like to feed a little dry grain on the

silage to make it appetizing, and

moisten the main part of the grain be-

fore feeding time. Many experienced

feeders claim that it is better to feed

the grain ration dry, but so long as we

can get more milk by wetting the

grains we shall continue to feed them

in that condition. One of my neigh-

bors made considerable sport of me

for wetting my grain feeds. One day

I made him an offer to feed his cows





 





itlons increase his milk yield from 34

cows one can (eight gallons) a day, or

forfeit $25 cash. Well, the cows gain-

ed-the one can in four days. This

I am

not sure that it would pay to wet the

grains under all conditions, but I am

sure that under ordinary farm condi-

tions it pays‘ to moisten the grain a

few hours before feeding time. This

may not always work out when cows

are kept under such conditions as they

are at the experiment stations, but it

does on an average dairy farm.

New York. W. MILTON KELLY.





 





SORGHUM, (SUGAR CANE), VS.

CORN FOR COWS.





Is there any advantage over corn in

raising Early Amber sugar cane or

sorghum? Do milch cows relish it as

well as corn fodder? Can a larger

bulk of it be grown to the acre than

of corn fodder? Does it cure well?

Are there any other gains in it?



Gratiot Co. F. W. B.





Sorghum is not superior to corn in

any way for food for dairy cows.

Sorghum may grow better down

south in a semi-tropical climate than

corn, but it does not in Michigan. Sev«

eral years ago I experimented with

sorghum as a cow and stock food, and

came to the conclusion that we here

in Michigan had better stick to corn.



You can grow a. good crop of sorglr

um and stock will eat it with appar<

ent relish, but you can grow as large

or larger crops of corn, and stock

like it better. Both of these crops, to

get their greatest food value, should

be ensiloed, because they are preserv-

ed with the greatest economy and

with the least loss, also they are pre-

served in a succulent state which pre-

serves their digestibility and their pal-

atability.



If you must try sorghum, do so on

a small scale or in an experimental

way. Put in one-quarter or one-third

of the field to sorghum and the bal-

ance to corn. You will find sorghum

has no points of superiority over corn.

and you will grow corn instead of

sorghum.





 





 





ROOTS VS. SI LAGE.





 





I have no silo, so I would like to

know if roots would take the place of

silage, and what kind are best, sugar

beets, mangle beets, or carrots. I sep-

arate my milk and sell the cream.

Would roots taint the cream so the

creamery would not take it?



Lenawee Co. . C. R. K.





Roots are equally as valuable as sil-

age to furnish a succulent food in the





 





Some even think they are

The analysis of the





ration.

more valuable.





.two products would seem to indicate

but. little diflerence, and cows do,





equally well with one as the other. So

far as palatability is concerned, roots

are again equal to silage, and in diges-

tibility they are equal if not superior.



There is another factor, however,





that the dairyman must take into con-v





sideration. and that is cost. The cost

of producing a ton of silage is much





cheaper than producing a ton of roots,_





and if the silage gives as good results

then the daii‘ymau should be interest-

ed in the production of silage.





There is very little difference in the

food value of the various roots used

for feeding purposes, and here the

cost of production again cuts an im-

portant figure. Mangle wurzels can

be produced more cheaply than other

roots, and consequently are usually

grown for stock feeding.





 





A JERSEY-HOLSTEIN CROSS OR

GRADE.





 





Do you think it advisable to raise

heifers that are half Jersey and half

Holstein? Some think the result in

milk would be Holstein quality and

Jersey quantity. Does it make a dif-

ference which way the cross is made

whether a Holstein sire and a Jersey

cow, or a Jersey sire and a Holstein

cow? Also, what is the amount of sil-

age that should be fed? Some say 40

lbs. per day, others say all the cow

will clean up, and still others say

three pounds for each 100 lbs. weight

of the cow. How much silage should

be given brood sow, and how much to

shoats? "



Hillsdale Co. J. D. L. S.



The crossing of Jerseys and Hol-





stteins is not to be recommended, in





fact, the crossing of any breeds is not ' I





a good plan. The proper way is to

breed cows of miscellaneous blood (or

grades), to a pure-bred sire of the

breed you prefer and then keep a sire

of this same breed continuously. In

a short time you have a herd of high

grades that are highly efficient dairy

animals. Now, if I had these cross-

bred heifers I, would raise them, they-

may make splendid cows. No one can

tell whether they will. inherit the

characteristics of the Jersey or the

Holstein. Probably some will inherit

characteristics of one breed and some

of the other, and probably some will

be failures as dairy cows. If you pre-

fer Holsteins, breed these heifers to a

Holstein bull and keep on doing so.

But if you prefer Jerseys, breed them

to a Jersey, and don’t cross again.





If you have plenty of ensilage, feed

your cattle What they want. It is a

good and cheap bulky food. Very few

cows will eat more than 30 to 40

pounds of silage per day if they have

what hay they want and a suitable

grain ration.



Brood sows will not eat very much

silage if they can get other food. It

is a bulky coarse food, and hogs will

need a more concentrated ration. A

little silagewiil do them good, but

they will waste some of it.





OFFICIAL RECORDS FOR CATTLE.





 





I am interested in pure-bred cattle,

and would be obliged if you could give

me information in regard to keeping

official records.



Jackson C0. M. G.





You do not say what breed of cattle

you keep. so I can only give you gen-

eral iniormation on the keeping of

official records. Write to the secre-

tary of the breed association for the

registration of the bull you keep and

he will give you full information, fur-

nish you blanks, etc. No matter what

breed you have you must weigh and

record the milk produced each day,

and then once each month a represent-

ative from your association must come

to your farm and see the cows milked,

weigh the milk, sample and test it and

makea general check on your work;

this is to keep your records above

suspicion. This ,is for yearly tests,

for 30-day or seven-day tests, a repre-

sentative must also check your work.





' First Cost the Only Cost





 





 

 





 





4 II. P. Wt. 375 lbs.





Cushlnan 4 ll. P. Truck





For All Farm Work

This is the light-weight. quickne-

tion Truck Outfit that. has proved so

handy for farm work. So light a boy

can pull it around from iobtoiob—

yet it. easily handles all work up to 4

or 4% H. P. Runs at any speed de-

sired, speed changed while running.

Pump circulation to water tank pre-

vents overheating even on all-day run.

Distiller! light-W Engine—PC?-

cle—dto20 H. P.—a.re the most useful

for farm work, as they do everything

heavy engines can do and so many

things the big clumsy fellows can’t

do. Also require less fuel. 4 H. P.

weighs only 190 lbs: 8 H. P. only320



"me Governor . my





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gives a

power. Friction Clutch Pulle . On

truck or skid. Not a cheap engine,

but built to run without trouble.

Engine Book free.



Cool-man Iotor Works

8288“ am it. Lincoln. Rm





GOOOQOGO





oooooo

@oooooooooooo





   

 

   





make '

stronger, more

durable walls—you

brace tile against tile—

the silo material that

lasts for generations.

Write us—learn more

about this construction

in the,





 





   





3 Reinforced throughout with twisted .

.31, steel—10% stronger than steel not

twisted. Thin mortar line exposed

_‘-' between blocks—fluted end keeps

5'; mortar from slipping—gets solid grip.

'3}; Write for low price offer and catalog.

J. MPRESTON CO. '15-“

., Dept. 309. Lunaing.Mid|. , ':_'-.'

Get our offer on Climax Silage Cutters 2:5,:

" and Bidwell Thresher:





 

 

   

 





 





   

 





 





 

   

 





.................





 

 





out of your herd and keep it out. .





Use Dr. Roberts' Treatment. Apply it

yourself. Properly applied, it never fails

r to stamp out this disease and



o





 

   

 

 

 

 





clean the herd. Saves lives of

calves. Write at once to





David Roberts





Veterinary Company

984] Wisconsin "L. ersu. Um. —





STANCHIONS





are made of high carbon steel, WOOD

LINED, chain hanging and flexible. Our

full line of Sanitary Stalls, including

Harris New Adjustable, stands for perfect

cow comfort. Economical, easily installed.





FRE ILLUSTRATED CATALOG de-

scribes our com lcte line of labor-

Iovtng burn equipment. mic (or it today.





HARRIS MFG. CO.. lot 30 Solon, Obi.





DRIED BEET PULP





PAYS





Because it Increases the Pro-

duction and Lovers the cost.-





It is a. vegetable feed and is

not .adulterated.





Order of your dealer or write.





I. F. MAHSTOI, Bay City, Mich.





   

   

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





   

   





 





 





 





‘I
r2.





 





JAN. 9, 1915.





THE MICHIGAN





FARMER





 





gllllllllllllI|llllIlllllllIllllllIIIllllIIlllll||llllllIlllIlll|IlIlllllllIIIIllIlllllIlIllllll|llllllIlllllllllllllllllllllll|llIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllll|Illlllllllllllllllllll|IllllllllllllllllllllllllElL’

s - s

Live Stock.

filmlm||llllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllll||lllllll|IlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllll|||l|||||llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllII|Illllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllfi





FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS.





 





The Ration for Fattening Steers.





I have a bunch of 30 steers which I

am feeding as follows: Mornings, Ev-

ergreen sweet corn, cut green and

drawn from the shock. During the

middle of the day oat straw and at

night sugar beet tops. I have enough

of the corn and beet tops to last until

about January 10, when I shall open

the silo. What can I add to the pres-

ent ration to improve it?



Genesee Co. SUBSCRIBER.





The ration above described is a very

good one to use at the start of the

feeding period, particularly if a long

feeding period is contemplated before

finishing. If continued throughout the

winter, however, it would only be suf-

ficient to grow these cattle in fairly

good flesh and would not put a de-

gree of finish on them which would

command anything like a top price on

the market. Experiments as well as

the experience of cattle feeders have

shown that corn silage should be re-

garded as a roughage rather than a

fattening feed, and that a liberal grain

ration is necessary in connection with

it to secure a desirable market finish

on feeding stock. With the shock

corn and sugar beet tops now fed, a

desirable supplementary feed would

consist of a small feed of cottonseed

meal. This is the cheapest source of

protein at the present time, and would

aid materially in balancing this ra-

tion. '



In a series of cattle feeding experi-

ments which have now been conduct-

ed for a number of years at the Indi-

ana Experiment Station, it has been

found that the greatest economy in

gains was secured by the use of corn

silage in combination with oat straw

as a roughage, and with shelled corn

and cottonseed meal as a grain ration.

The lots which have shown the best

results have received from 25 to 30

pounds of silage per day, with as

much oat straw as they would con-

sume and a grain ration when on full

feed approximating from 14 to 16

pounds of shelled corn and two and a

half to two and three—fourths pounds

of cottonseed meal per day per steer,

the cattle in every case being follow-

ed by hogs, which contributed not a

little to the profit in the feeding ex.

periments.



The combination of feeds used

should of course depend somewhat up-

on their market value. In a year like

the present, when cottonseed meal is

cheap and corn comparatively high, it

would, in the writer’s opinion, pay to

feed more liberally of cottonseed meal

and reduce the amount of corn fed,

particularly where oat straw is used

as the dry roughage in the ration in-

stead of clover hay or some other 1e-

gume. The amount of grain to be fed

should, of course, depend somewhat

upon the age and condition of the cat-

tle and the length of the feeding pe-

riod contemplated. The ration men-

tioned would be full feed for steers

which are being pushed for an early

finish. If it is desired to run the cat-

tle over winter and finish them on

pasture, then a much lighter grain ra-

tion should be fed. It will, however,

pay to supplement the silage with a

grain ration even where this is the

course contemplated. .





It requires not a little skill and

judgment to compound a ration for

feeding cattle which will insure to the

feeder a maximum profit. No infalli-

ble rule can be laid down, owing to

the great variety of conditions which

will confront different feeders in dif-

ferent seasons, but save alone- in the

matter of selection and purchase of

feeders, there is no one factor upon

which the profit depends in so great

degree as in the proper compounding

of the ration and the adjustment of





its amount to the quality of feeders in

hand so as to get maximum returns

for the feed consumed.



Cottonseed ,Meal for Horses.



Is cottonseed good feed for horses?

If so how much would be a feed, three

times a day?



Kalamazoo Co. J. E.



While cottonseed meal is not con-

sidered as good a concentrate to fur-

nish protein in the ration as oil meal,

it can be fed in small amounts with

good results. Trials have been made

at several experiment stations with a

view of determining the limit of the

amount of cottonseed meal which

could be profitably fed. Two pounds

per day is generally conceded to be a

maximum amount of cottonseed meal

to use in the horse’s ration. With the

ration fed upon the average farm it is

the writer’s opinion that a small

amount of oil meal, even though not

more than one-half pound per day be

added to the horses’ ration, that bet-

ter results will be secured in condi-

tioning the horses than where large

amounts of cottonseed meal are used.





Forage Crops for Pigs.



I have a ten-acre field with running

water at the back that I wish to use

as a permanent hog pasture. The soil

is in a good state of cultivation and

is a sandy loam. Have pastured about

100 hogs and pigs there this year and

have covered it with barnyard manure

during the summer. The seeding is

about gone. What would you advise

me to sow there in the spring so I

could have pasture as soon as pos-





sible?



Livingston Co. 0. A. B.



Probably no better combination of

crops for summer pasture could be

used than peas, oats and dwarf Essex

rape. If the field could be sown to

this combination in the spring then di-

vided and a part pastured at a time,

a maximum of feed would be produc-

ed, particularly by the mid-summer

sowing of rye on that portion of the

field first pastured closely. These for-

age crops so combined as to make

successive pasturing possible, will fur-

nish a larger amount of feed during

the first season than anything else

which could be sown.





Corn and Cob Meal.





Please give me any information you

can about the results of feeding corn

and cob meal. Some claim it will in-

jure the stomachs of animals to which

it is fed. Is this true? How does it

compare with corn meal in feeding





value?



Grand Traverse Co. R. A. W.



Corn cobs consist largely of crude

fibre, and consequently have a low

feeding value, particularly where the

corn is thoroughly matured. Where

the corn is not so well matured, the

cobs contain some available nutrients

and are not so hard and difficult to

grind satisfactorily. Where corn and

cob meal is finely ground it has been





found to give better results where.





corn alone is fed in the grain ration

than corn meal, largely because it is

believed the presence of the cob light-

ens up the feed to some extent.

Where the meal is mixed with other

grain feeds, as oats, it is doubtful if

any such benefit is secured. The idea

that corn and cob meal is injurious to

the animal’s digestion arises from the

fact that there are hard, flinty parti-

cles in the meal unless it is well

ground. We do not believe, however,

that there need be any far of injury

from this source from the intelligent

feeding of cob meal. Thousands of

farmers have used it with satisfaction

born of experience. Unless it is well

ground, however, there is little if any

saving in the practice. .





Pleased with Results.



The advertisement run in the Mich-

igan Farmer has brought me buyers

for all my young bulls. I am more

than pleased with the results of my

advertising. I hardly expected to dis-

pose of them all—Alvin Balden, Ca-

pac, Mich.





This Coupon Is Good to





Prof. Beery’s...

lntrod u cto ry





 





 





 





Bad Habits





Cured

By Beery System





Refusing to lead.



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Shyin . Bulking.



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BEFORE TRAINING





My Graduates Are





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A. L. Dickinson, of Friendship.

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PROF. JESSE BEERY

Dept. 42. Pleasant Hill. Ohio





 

   





 





   

   

   

   

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





 

 





 





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The Michigan Farmer

Established 1843. COWI‘iEht 1914.





The Lawrence Publishing Co.





Editors and Proprietors.





39 to 45 Congress St. West. Detroit. Whigs:

TELEPHONE MAIN 45%.



NEW YORK OFFICE—41 Park Row.



CHICAGO OFFC E—604 Advertisinz Buildinz.



CLEVELAND OFFICE—10114015 Oregon Ave.. N. E.



PHILADELPHIA OFP'lCE—214-218 Twelfth St.





 





 





 





 

 

 





M. J. LAWRENCE ----- -- nun--~--~------..Presirlent

I”. L. LAWRENCE..... ....................Vice-President

E. H. HOUGHToN ................................... Sec.—Treas,

l. R. WATERBURY .................................



BURT WERMUTH-m- Assoicnte

F. A. WILKEN ........................... Editors





 





ALTA LAWSON Ll'I'I‘ELL-u-

E. H. HOUGHTON........ .........





TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:





One year, 52 issues ............................... ..



Two years, 104 issues... .. .



Three years. 156 issues --$l.2$



Five yws, 260 issues ........................................... 2,0

A All sent postpaid.



Canadian Moons 50¢ a year extra for postage.



Always send money by draft. postoflice money order.

registered letter or by express. We will not be responsible

for money sent in letters, Address all communications to.

and make all drafts checks and postofiice orders payable to,

The Lawrence Publishing Co.



We never. unless through error, send The Michim

Farmer beyond the date subscribed to—our subscription price

being always due in advance. and sample copies always free.

No bills will ever be sent should a subscription through

enor he continued after expiration, '





 





.umuBusincss Manager





 





 

 





 





 





RATES OF ADVERTXSTNG:



40 cents per line agate type measurement. or $5.60 per

inch \14 agate lines per inch) per insertion. No adv‘t in

sorted 'for less than $1.20 each insertion. No objection-

able advertisements inserted at any price.



Entered as second class matter at the Detroit. Michigan.

postoflice.





DETROIT, JAN. 9, 1915.





 





 





A FEW LEADING ARTICLES OF

THE WEEK.





The Gasoline Engine on the Farm.

—The tenth of 52 special articles

to be published in consecutive

issues ......................... 33

Planning Farm Buildings.—A plea

for the consideration of utility in

planning or remodeling farm

buildings ...................... 34

The Fruit Tree's Nursery Days.“-

Describing the methods of propa-

gation in the commercial nur-

sery ............................ 36

European Co-operative Agriculture,

as Seen by a Member of the Am-

erican Commission—The second

article in this interesting series,

relating to agriculture in Italy...43

Apple Varieties Giving Best -Re-

turns.—The fifth in the special

series of articles relating to a

survey of Michigan’s apple in-

dustry ......................... 48

Fruit Hygiene—A commentary on

the influence of cooking on

foods in general, and fruits in

particular ..................... 52





CU RRENT COM M ENT.





 





This is the season of

the year when our

merchant friends are

very generally engaged in making an

inventory of their stock. If we are

good business farmers we will also

take (an annual inventory of our prop-

erty, to the end that we may be able

to make an intelligent estimate of the

amount of our financial gain or loss

during the past year. It is not, how-

ever, necessary that this inventory be

taken on the first of the year. Many

farmers find it more convenient to

make this property inventory toward

spring, when the grain and forage has

been more nearly fed out, the fat

stock sold and the job thus simplified.



But it is not this kind of an in.

ventory which we had in mind in com‘

menting upon the above subject. Im-

portant as is the matter of taking an

inventory of our property at some

suitable season of the year, it is prob.

ably more important to our success in

life that we take similar stock of our-

selves, to the-end that we may recog-

nize our :own shortcomings and limi-

tatiun-s, ’both as business men and

citizens of the community in which

we live, and .put forth such effort as





Taking Stock.





we .may 5be capable of toward‘the re-‘

moval of this handicap to, successful





living in the higher sense of-thc term.





{The method by which this should

be done is simple; Everyone of us is





THE Miro-HIGAN .FARMER





in the Who! taking stock of am-

ers' shortcomings and limitations quite

as often as of their virtues and cups.-

bilities. If we would occasionally

make a Like impartial inventory of our

own personal characteristics and idi-

osyncracies we would stand a far bet-

ter chance of overcoming the handi—

caps to successful living which hered—

ity and environment have hnposed

upon us.



Successful living is a far broader

problem than mere business success,

but even the latter is largely depend-

ent upon a well balanced personality.

A careful review of the past year will

reveal to us our lack in this direction,

and perhaps enable us to supply the

deficiency to a degree. «Our lives are

largely what we make them, and we

are trying to evade our personal re-

sponsibitity when we ascribe our suc-

cess or failure in life to forces over

which we have no control. While

such forces may exert a temporary in‘

fluence over our lives, we can, in the

main, no direct our energies and ef-

forts as to influence for good or ill the

character of our share in the world’s

work and the nature of our influence

on the lives of others.





The annual meeting

The Live Stock of the Michigan Im-

‘Meeting. proved Live Stock

‘Breeders’ and Feed-

ers’ Association, which will be held at

the Agricultural College, East Lan-

sing, Mich” on January 13-14, 1915,, is

one meeting of the yeanwhich every

farmer who is interested in the breed-

ing of pure-bred live stock, or the

feeding of meat animals, should at

tend. The character of this meeting

is guaranteed by the excellent pro-

gram which was published in the last

issue. The allied feeders’ meetings to

{be held on Wednesday, January 13,

will aflord the breeder of pure-bred

stock an opportunity to become better

acquainted with his fellow patrons of

the same breed and confer with them

on matters of mutual interest. In

most cases the programs which have

been provided for these individual

breed meetings will prove both inter-

esting and profitable, While the ban-

quet to be held on Wednesday even-

ing will prove an inspiration to every

breeder who attends. The barrow

show will be an entertaining and in-

structive feature of the meeting, and

the other live stock demonstrations

will be scarcely less interesting.





The general meeting to be held on

Thursday, January 14, will be of still

greater interest to all who are inter-

ested in any department of live stock

husbandry. This has been .one of the

best attended of state farmers’ meet—

ings during recent years, but its im-

portance merits still larger attendance

by Michigan farmers. It is a matter

of common knowledge that the num-

ber of meat-producing animals on the

farms of the country has decreased

materially during the past decade,

while the population of the country

has increased at a rapid rate.‘ This

has caused a general advance in live

stock prices which will he still more

marked in the near future. Michigan

farmers need to take cognizance of

this condition and improve the armor

tunities thus opened to them. There

is no place where they can gain the

needed inspiration and a measure of

valuable knowledge concerning any

branch of live stock husbandry which

may appeal to them, as easily .and

cheaply as at this general live stock

meeting. May we not bespeak for this

year’s meeting a still larger attend-

ance than has been secured at any of

the long series of successful winter

meetings held by this organization.





The advent of the New



Plans for the Year is an appropriate

:New Year. ‘flme for the making of



’ definite plansinr next

season’s, farming .mmpaigi.” These

plans «should mot eteprswivth them

oration of the larger and apparentb

more important considerations of the:





m "a work, but nhonld’ ' islands, is?

well the little things which have an

important bearing on the farm busi-

ness, but which are far too generally

overlooked by the average farmer.





For example, very few farmers use

special stantionery with business-get-

ting letterheads, yet this is a business

factor worth considering and which

should be included in the making of

plans for the New Year. The cost of

getting up an attractive letterhead,

even if a cut of the_ farm buildings is

used in it, will be comparatively small.

Indeed, it will be insignificant as com-

pared with the benefit to be derived

from the use of stationery which will

give you a. distinct personality, even

with correspondents who do not know

you personally.





This is but one example among

many which'might be cited to show

how we can plan for the new year so

as to not only increase our success as

farmers by the production of better

stock or larger crops, but as business

men and useful citizens as well. All

that is necessary to that end is to de-

‘vote a. full measure of thought and

study to the making of plans for the

new year, and a high degree of energy

and perseverance in the execution of

those plans after they are made. Let.

us at least make our plans for the

present new year broader and more

comprehensive, and execute them in a.

more certain and business-like man-

ner, than we have ever done before.





There has been a

Rural vs. Urban popular impression

Sanity. that, owing_to the

isolation of the

country dweller, insanity is more prev-

alent among country people than it is

among the residents of the cities and

towns. That this idea, like many oth-

er popular notions, is erroneous Is

conclusively proven by data. recently

published by the Bureau of the Census

of the U. S. Department of Commerce.

This statistical information shows

that of the 60,769 persons admitted :to

insane hospitals in 19109 36,654 came

from cities, villages, or other incorpor-

ated places of more than 2,500 inhabi-

tants, while 30,442 came from the

smaller towns or country districts,

leaving 3,673 for whom the place of

residence was not reported. Of more

significance, however, are the statis-

tics showing the number of admis-

sions in proportion to the total popu-

lation of each class of communities.

From rural communities 41 vinsane

persons were admitted per 100,000

population; from the urban communi—

ties the ratio was 86 .per 100,000.





'This difference between the propor-

tion of inmates contributed to the has-

pitals for the insane by city and coun-

try is partially explained in the report

by the relatively greater number of

cases of general paralysis and aloe-

holic psychosis, forms of insanity

which are directly or indirectly caused

by 'vice or dissipation, contributed by

the cities as compared with the coun-

try. The ratio of such cases per 100,-

000 population was 4.3 for rural com

munities, as compared with as for urn.

ban communities. But leaving all 01'

these cases out of the reckoning, the

ratio of admissions to hospitals *forthe

insane remains much higher for urban

than for rural residents the cases Der

100,000 population being ~68 and '37 re-

spectively.



The conclusion which is reached

from the compilation of this data is

that the marked increase in insanity

in the United States during recent

years “is due in some degree to the

rapid growth of our cities. This com

gestion «has undoubtedly increased the

proportion of people to whom the

mere problem of existence is often

difficult of solution,~os was” the pro

portion of those who from compulsion

if not from choice, lead stile «stronum





life. "But the‘comparisms Wfifim ,

volumes for agriculture as 33.1192“;th th





and satisfying occupation. *





l





JAN: ‘9. 19151 i .





Hammers of THE WEEK.





“Foreign.



The Euro eon Wan—Most of the

changes in t e positions of the armies

have occurred in the eastern theater

of war. The Russians have'checked

the German advance on Warsaw and

routed the Austrian army operating In

Gahcra. The Germans have now

launched a new campaign with the oc‘

cupatron of Radom and Ivangorod as

obJective points. Stubborn attacks

have been made .by the Teutons but

thus far the Russians have repulsed

them. The Austrian army defending

territory in the southern part of Ga-

lima. has been routed and driven back

across the Carpathian Mountains. This

strengthens the Russian line of battle

to the south and will enable them to

resume their operations against Kra-

kow, whlch they were recently forced

to abandon by reason of Germany’s

successbefore Warsaw. The situation

1n Servm has changed but little. .In

the west the movement of troops has

been on a minor scale, and nothing of

Importance has been reported. The

British warship “Formidable,” was

sunk in the English Channel last

week.

the ship struck a mine or was tor-

pedoed; the impression is, however,

that German torpedo boats were re-

sponSIble. A German «aerial raid was

made on Dunkirk, a Belgian seaport,

last week, and .a number of civilians

were killed or injured.



A protest has been made to England

by the United States regarding the re—

strictions placed upon international

commerce. The protest remonstrates

against interference with trade ‘be«

tween neutral nations, some of the

Items included in list of contraband



_s, and the methods employed by



rinsh war ships in searching Amer-



ican vessels, or other neutral vessels,

carrying neutral cargoes.



A meeting called by the Internation-

al .Peace Forum passed resolutions pe-

titioning the United States Congress

to call a conference of the world’s na-

tions at the close of the war to take

some adequate action respecting dis-

armament, the establishing of a court

of arbitral justice and the creation of

an international police force able to

enforce the decrees of the court.



National.



A scandal has been discovered in

connection with the issuing of pass-

ports for reservists in this country to

regain the German army. President

Wilson is directing an inquiry, many

arrests have already been made and

more are expected. A high German

official in this country is suspected of

being connected with the affair. It Is

feared that the information will (its

credit the passports of Americans who

are abroad and thereby make it diffi-

cult for them to secure the proper

respect of foreign officials.



William McPherson, of Howell, for-

merly a. commissioner of railroads for

Michigan land for 11 years a member

of the Industrial School Board at Lan-

sing, died in Detroit, Sunday, after a.

long illness, at the age of 80 years.



An mveatigation of the methods

employed by coroner‘s in New York

Clty‘ has revealed systems of graft and

ways of aiding criminals to escape

Justice. .As a result of the discoveries

a. campalgn is on to :do away with the

coroner’s office.



A world-wide campaign for the

emanatpation of the Jews in countries

where they are oppressed, especially

111 Russia, has been started in this

country. It is planned to conduct a.

publicity program and to enlist the

servmes of American representatives

at .peace conferences after the war to

place matter before the delegates of

the world powers.



The opening of the New Year brings

many optomistic ex ressions of an

outlook for increase business activ—

Ity in this country. Conditions are

very promising. Crops in general

have .been good'and the prices high:

the aggregate value of farm products

as estimated by the Department of

Agriculture reaches the enormous to-

tal of $9,873,000.00(), which is $83,000,-

000 in excess of the previous record

amount. Many idle factories are

about to resume operations, money is

easxer and our new financial system

appears to be meeting expectations.

Collections are better than they were

a short time ago, loans easier made

and interest rates a little lower.



Two Cadillac, Michigan, concerns

have received orders from the British

government for products used in the

manufactured smokeless powder that

will times vibe plants sbusv for the next

two years runnlng .full force.



Congress passed a new immigration

bill last week which provides «that all

immigrants must pass a literacy test



.. are being allowed .to enter tins



country. Thehill may b._e passed 11.1301!

by“President Wilson this week.

. ’l‘he LBvrltieh =priae‘ court; in London

has decided gum wheat. phi-129951330

Gemaptconsun, bet «thewarng

captured by British * DS. was '8.



e property of «the American claim:-





 





- ants, and ordered it paid for.





It is not made known whether ‘





 





 





 





 





V7
I





 

 





 





 





 





 

 





 





 





 





 





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





" 'M ' I '1.

agaZInee ec Ion

LITERATURE We FARM BOY

POETRY ' an? GIRL

HISTORY an? SCIENTIFIC an}?

INFORMATION I ’WPGW; MECHANICAL

. 7 , 5.51345

This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper every week. Every article is writtten especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere.

ab.





 





 





i'opyiigln liv Unuluvmml 56 Undeermd N. Y.





King Gustay, Sweden. King Frederick, Denmark. King Haakon, Norway.

Scandinavian Kings Meet to Discuss Issues Growing Out of the Present European War.





 





 





 





l





 





Copyright by I'ndorwmnl & I‘nrlI-rwuml, N. Y. ('Irpy gilt liy Unilerwmd N Underwood. N. Y.

German Sharpshooters are well Protected Against the Enemy’s Fire. French Restoring Houses Damaged by German Shells.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





,‘ ’ Copyright by Underwood & Underwood. N. Y Copyright hy Underwood & Underwood. N. Y.





A German Zeppelin Air Scout Flying Over Warsaw. French Dragoons Snatching a Bite by the Roadside-
42--10





Ti H E _~ MIC H‘iLGAT‘Ne ‘F NR M an"





basket full of lunch, and then ‘clasps





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Land O’ ‘ Nod Stories.





By HOWARD T. KNAPP.

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samuumnnuml





Slinker Follows a Trail.





OR nearly a mile Billy Be By Bo

Bum and Tinker Teedle Tee, the

merry little elf, followed the



tracks of Mr. Rabbit andSlinker the

Weasel through .the White Forest.

Slinker had made up his evil little

mind that he wanted rabbit meat for

supper, and Mr. Rabbit knew it, too,

and was running away as fast as he

could, but Slinker was hot on his trail

and Billy and Tinker were following

to see what happened.



“Every dweller of the White Forest

is afraid of Slinker," said Tinker Tee-

dle Tee. “He is an outcast and hasn’t

a single friend among the Little Peo-

ple. They have good reason to fear

him, for he is the most patient hunter

in the big woods, and the most cruel.

There is only one idea in his wicked

head, to kill and kill, and kill until

.even his thirst for blood is satisfied.

When once he starts out on a trail, he

never gives up, and it is this trait that

makes him such a successful hunter."



“But I-don’t see how he can catch

Mr. Rabbit,’ said Billy. “Surely Slink-

er, with his short little legs, can’t run

as fas as Bunny.”



“That’s just what makes me mad,”

replied Tinker. “If only Mr. Rabbit

wasn’t such a coward he could get

away every time. But Bunny knows

what a patient fellow Slinker is, and

that makes all the trouble. When he

finds out the old villain is after him,

he lays his ears back flat on his neck

and lights out lickety split. If he

would only keep going he would soon

be out of danger, but after he has run

a mile or two, his courage all oozes

away, leaving him shivering with fear.

He is so scared he just squats down

on the ground in a furry heap and

stays there until Slinker sneaks up

and grabs him by the throat."



“Couldn’t he hide in a hole in the

ground?” asked Billy.



“That would be the worst thing he

could do,” replied Tinker. “Mr. Wea-

sel is more at home in a hole than he

is above ground. Cruel hunters often

use a ferret, who is a first cousin to

Slinker, to help them catch rabbits.

They put the ferret in one door of the

hole and a bag over the other door.

Then when Bunny comes hopping out





to escape the ferret, he jumps right

smack into the bag. But if there hap—

pens to be only one door to the hole,

Mr. Rabbit never comes out at all. So

you see, hiding in a hole would be a

pretty poor way to escape from

Slinker.”



Mr. Rabbit had run right around in

a circle, and Billy and Tinker were

now back at the spot where they had

started from.



“Hello, what’s this!” said Tinker, a

minute later, stopping so suddenly

that Billy nearly stepped on him.

“There’s been high jinks here, that’s

certain, but I can’t quite figure it out.”



For several minutes he stood on one

leg, studying the ground, the‘ weeney

copper kettle that served him fora

hat cocked over one ear, giving him a

most comical appearance.



“Hm-m, I’m afraid Slinker got more

than he bargained for this time,"

said Tinker at last, scratching his chin

with the toe of his pointed boot.





“Why, what’s happened?”

“See that shallow hole in the

snow? Well, that’s where Mr. Rab-





bit sat down when he got too scared

to run any farther. But Slinker didn’t

catch him, for there are Mr. Rabbit’s

tracks leading on through the woods.

Here are Slinker’s tracks and there——

they aren’t. They stop right short

within a few feet of where Bunny sat.

Now, you know a weasel can’t vanish

without leaving any tracks behind, but

that’s just exactly what he’s done.

What do you suppose has happened,

Billy Be By Bo Bum ?”



“I’m sure I don’t know,” replied

Billy.



“Well, what do you make of that?”

asked Tinker, pointing to Slinker’s

last track. Right over the tracks of

the weasel were the marks of two

large claws, and the snow nearby was

beaten down, showing there had been

a struggle of some kind.



“What does it mean?" asked Billy.



‘It means.’ replied Tinker, “that

just as Slinker was about to pounce

on Mr. Rabbit, Old Too Whoo the Owl

dropped down on him like a lump of

lead and carried him off. I’m afraid

that’s the last of Slinker, but it sure

was lucky for Mr. Rabbit."





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An Essay





on Wind.





By HOWARD C. KEGLEY.





 





‘o‘rIND is an atmospheric disturb-

ance of the peace. It starts

nowhere and stops nowhere.

There are tide winds and winds that

never were tied. Some winds are

trade winds, and others will put a

crimp in trade.



Out in the middle west, wind is us-

ually accompanied by one of many

varieties of weather peculiar to that

region. If the wind swings to the

northeast, the farmer fodders the cat-

tle early in the evening, 'carries in a

couple of cords of wood, and gets

ready for a heavy fall of snow. Next

morning there are rabbit tracks on

the window sills, and the snowhirds

are sitting on the picket fence, with

feather boas snugly tied about their

necks.



If the wind gets around to the north-

west, look out for a blizzard. fTen

minutes after the wind begins to blow

from that direction, a foot of snow

particles sweep down across Montana

and the Dakotas, and before sunset all

of the trains on the Iowa and Illinois

divisions are running late. The rural

mail carrier frosts his ears, the prize

(chickens either freeze their wattles

or contract the bumble-foot, the fast





mail train loses its pep and goes to

sleep in a drift-filled cut, and the cis‘

tern pump has hardening of the ar-

teries.



When the soft spring wind begins

to blow from the south, country folk

hasten to town and lay in enough gro-

ceries to last a month. The south

wind brings a rain that swells the riv-

er, washes out all the bridges, sub-

merges the corn land, drowns all the

little chickens, and leaks through the

plastering into the kitchen, so that

folks have to keep a dripping pan in

the center of the table to catch the

sap. The only good thing about such

a rain is that it fills the cellar full of

water and drowns a rat that has nick-

ed all of the seed corn in the garret.



Along toward the close of a hot sum-

mer day, when a farmer who has just

mowed a big field of timothy thinks

he is going to get it put up without

getting any rain on it, the wind glides

gracefully around, to the southwest.

Lookout! Lookout!



When a farmer sees thunder-heads

begin piling up in the west shortly af-

ter sunset, he does the milking in a

hurry. Then he goes to the house,

gets a lantern, has his wife fill a big





his family to his manly bosom and

legs it for the cyclone cave.



Soon thereafter the silence is frac-

tured by a buzzing sound similar to

that which is produced by a threshing





machine cylinder running without

grain in it. For half an hour every-

one.in the cellar eats bread and pick-

les to muffle the chatter of their teeth

and make each other believe that they

are not afraid, not much.



When the wind has ceased to roar,

the farmer ventures forth to view the

remains. His house is missing, but

near at hand is one just as good,

which used to belong on a farm three

miles west. There is a cow on the





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Minimum:





Copyrighted by Irodoriek A. Itoku Company.





Winston of the Prairie





BY HAROLD BINDLOSS.





‘JAN. 9, 1915.





windmill and a cheat in the single

buggy, a set of double harness on an

apple tree, and a span of mules in-the

cellar. All of the farmhouses in'the

neighborhood are blown away, except-

ing those which had heavy mortgages

upon them, '



No man knoweth whither the Wind

bioweth nor where it listeth. It comes

and blows and then it goes. The wind

comes from somewhere and it always

goes somewhere. Some people think

that it just blows and blows until it

blows itself away, but I know better.

When it gets through blowing it goes

back to its hole and pulls the hole in

after it; else why should we have the

Cave of the Winds!





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CHAPTER XVI.



There was no confusion, and already

the hired men were busy with two

great machine's until Winston displac-

ed two of them.



“How that fire passed the guards I

don’t know, but there will be time to

find out later,” he said to Dane. “Fol-

low with the big breaker—it wants a

strong man to keep that share inwas

close as you can."



Then they were off, a man at the

heads of the leading horses harnessed

to the great machines, and Winston

sitting very intent in the driving—seat

of one, while the tough sod crackled

under the rending shares. Both the

man and reins were needed when the

smoke rolled down on them, but it

was for a moment torn aside again,

and there roared up towards the blur-

red arch of indigo a great rush of

flame. The heat of it smote into

prickliness the uncovered skin, and in

spite of all that Winston could do, the

beasts recoiled upon the machine be-

hind them. Then they sw'ung round,

wrenching the shares from the triplex

furrow, and for a few wild minutes

man and terrified beast fought for the

mastery. Breathless half-strangled ob-

jurgations, the clatter of trace and

swivel, and the thud of boots, rose

muffled through the roar of the fire,

for, while swaying, plunging, panting,

they fought with fist and hoof, it was

rolling on, and now the heat was al-

most insupportable. The victory, how-

ever, was to the men, and when the

great machine went on again, Maud

Barrington, who had watched the

struggle, with the wife of one of her

neighbors, stood wide-eyed, half-afraid

and yet thrilled in every fiber.



“It was splendid,” she said.

can’t be beaten.”



Her companion seemed to shiver a

little. “Yes,” she said, “perhaps it

was, but I wish it was over. It would

appeal to you differently, my dear, if

you had a husband at one of those

horses’ heads.”



For a moment Maud Barrington

wondered whether it would, and then,

when a red flame flickered out to-

wards the team, felt a little chill of

dread. In another second the smoke

whirled about them, and she moved

backward choking with her compan-

ion. The teams, however, went on,

and came out, frantic with fear, on

the farther side. The men who led

them afterwards wondered how they

kept their grip on the horses’ heads.

Then it was that, while the machines

swung round and other men ran to

help, Winston,, springing from the

driving-seat, found Dane amid the

swaying, plunging medley of beasts

and men.



“If you can’t find hook or, clevis, cut

the trace,” he said. “It can't burn

the plow. and the devils are out of

hand now. The fire will jump these

furrows, and we've got to try again."



In another minute four maddened

beasts were careering across the prai-





“They





rie with portions of their trappings

banging about them, while one man

who was badly kicked sat down gray

in face and gasping, and the fire rolled

up the ridge of loam, checked, and

then sprang across it here and there.



“I’ll take one of these lad’s places,”

said Dane. :‘That fellow can’t hold

the breaker straight, Courthorne.”



It was a minute or two later when

he flung a breathless lad away from

his place, and the latter turned upon

him, hoarse with indignation:



“I raced Stapleton for it. Loose

your hold, confound you. It’s mine,"

he said. ’



Dane turned and laughed at him as

he signed to one of the Ontario hired

men to take the near horse's head.



“You’re a plucky lad, and you’ve

done what you could," he said. “Still,

if you get in the way of a grown man

now, I’ll break your head for you.”



He was off. in another moment,

crossed Winston, who had found fresh

beasts, in his furrow, and had turned

and doubled it before the fire that had

passed the other barrier came close

upon them. Once more the smoke

grew blinding and one of Dane’s

beasts went down.



“I'm out of action now,” he said.

“'Iry back. That team will never faCe

it, Courthorne.”



Winston’s face grew very grim

under the tossing flame. “They've got

to. I'm going through,” he said. "If

the others are to stop it behind there,

they must have time.”



Then he and the husband of the wo-

man who had spoken to Maud Bar-

rington passed on with frantic team

into the smoke that was streaked with

flame.



“Good Lord!" said Dane, and added

more as, sitting on the horse’s head

he turned his tingling face from the

fire.



It was some minutes before he and

the hired man who came up loosed the

fallen horse, and led it and its fellow

back towards the last defenses the

rest had been raising, while the first

furrows checked but did not stay the

conflagration. There he presently

came upon the .man who had been

with Winston.



“I don’t know where Courthorne is,”

he said. “The beasts bolted with us

just after we’d gone through the

worst of it, and I fancy they took the

plow along. Anyway, I didn't see what

became of them, and don’t fancy any-

body would have worried much about

them after being trampled on by a

horse in the lumbar region."



Dane saw that the man was limping

and white in the face, and asked no

more questions. It was evident to him

that Courthorne would be where he

was most needed, and he did what he

could with those who were adding fur-

row to furrow across the path of the

fire. It rolled up to them roaring,

stopped, flung a shower of .burning

flilamente before it, sank ~underwent



(Continued on page 44).
JAN. 9, 1915..





TH E. .M I C Hill-





GAN. ~F.-A‘.R MER





Ill—'43

As Seen by the





By WM. B. HATCH, Michigan Member of the Commission.





Y first impression of Italy was

M a good impression. It was re-



ceived at' Genoa. Walking

along the streets of this city of 250,-

000, from the appearance of the peo-

ple I would not have thought myself

abroad at all. I might easily have

imagined myself in New York or New

Orleans. But stopping to look at the

names over the doors of the business

places, or stopping to inquire the way,

my impression would instantly change

from domestic to foreign. Unjustly

to Italy, the average American im-

pression of her people is gained from

the Southern Italians, chiefly, those

who peddle bananas, build railroads,

and perform much of the necessary

and disagreeable work here. North-

ern Italy is entirely different. The

citizens there will rank with our best





looking sheep were' grazing in large

numbers on the hillsides about the

crumbled walls of the ancient city——a

city that once held a million people,

then slipped back to twenty thousand,

is now up again to five hundred thou-

sand, and growing at the rate of ten

thousand a year.



The picture represents what might

be called “the old way and the new

way on the Apian Way.” These are

typical Roman cattle, the ox team, the

main draft animal today in this part

of Italy. They are well kept and get

over the ground at a brisk pace. This

yoke is hauling a load of brush trim-

med from olive trees. This brush is

carefully cut up into short lengths for

firewood, thus illustrating one of the





 





 





 





 





The Old and New Methods of Transportation on the Appian Way.





remain there in

They do not





citizens and they

prosperous contentment.

come here.



‘The American and United States

Commissions divided at Rome and

Florence into five groups. From Home

one group went to Southern Italy and

the island of Cicily. Another small

group went to Egypt to study the cot-

ton industry. I pass by the findings

of these two southern groups in the

main because they devoted their in-

quiry chiefly to co-operative agricul-

ture as it affects the citrus fruit and

cotton industries. These industries,

to be sure, are not foreign interests

to the farmers of Michigan, simply

because they are staple products in a

large section of our country. When

the farmers in this large section are

not prosperous the depression is felt

throughout the north as well, as we

are now witnessing in the case of cot-

ton, for it affects the purchasing pow-

er Of a very large number of our cus-

tomers. Even though cotton, to some

extent, comes into competition with

wool, it supplies so much larger pro«

portion of the clothing of the average

citizen that it is a great economic fac-

tor in the comfort and welfare of the

peoples all over the world. It is

claimed by statistics that:



“Ten southern cotton producing

states supply 70 per cent of the

world’s crop. It is the chief element

in the clothing of the common people.

Silk, wool and flax are the other cloth-

ing materials. The average price is

about 60 cents a pound. One hundred

acres of land produces 500 pounds of

wool. One acre of land produced 500

pounds of cotton. Cotton must cost

as much as wool, silk or flax before

they can compete. That the cotton

crop may be produced profitably and

economically by the American farmer

is an ecoonmic problem in which ev-

ery citizen is interested.”



We were in Rome in May. Most of

the trees looked familiar. The locusts

were in bloom; the elm, the sycamore

and the chestnut furnished as fre-

quent shade in Rome as in the streets

of many Michigan cities. The Cam-

pania lands about Rome are by law

being divided up into smaller holdings

and redeemed for cultivation. Good





 





first impressions~that the thrift and

economy in the life of the common

people which you get as soon as you

land in Europe and which remains

with you While there, and long after-

ward—an element in their civilization

by the way, which, I believe, will need

to be more largely introduced into

ours if we are to successfully compete

with them in the world’s markets op‘

en to the most efficient agricultural-

ists of all countries.



Intensive agriculture organized on

a. co-operative basis makes the farm-

ers in the country adjoining Rome in

the valley of the Tiber look prosper-

ous. In the earlier days silk culture

seemed to have flourished to such an

extent that the fields were marked by

lines of mulberry trees. These are

now put to double use. They are kept

trimmed back to furnish tender leaves

for the silk worm, and up them and

stretched from one to the other are

trained grape vines, while between

the rows are grown grain and vegeta-

bles. Grapes and olives also cover the

foot hills and the lower mountain

stretches.



Another impression I received in

Italy was that agriculture is given

more serious attention than it is gen-

erally given in America by the state

authorities and by the people gener-

ally. The Italians engaged in agricul-

ture found, as we are finding in Am-

erica, that a commercial banking sys-

tem is not adequately organized to

meet the needs of agriculture. Aman

engaged in commercial business can

borrow money for thirty or sixty days,

buy a stock of goods with it, turn that

stock of goods into money within that

time, pay his obligation at the bank,

pocket the profits and repeat the proc-

ess. But a. man engaged in agricul-

ture may need to buy his fertilizers

and seeds and tools to work the land,

require six months within which to

produce the crop and another six

months in which to profitably convert

his raw material into the manufactur-

ed product and sell the product. If

he is buying his farm, he, 6f .course,

willf’need a much longer term of cred-

it.,The Italians, therefore, early learn-

at that while the organization of ag-

riculture‘on‘ a cooperative basis can





be promoted with material success

without first organizing the co-opera-

tive credit and finance end of it, yet,

to do so, is in a measure putting the

cart before the horse. No organiza-

tion gets very far before it has to con‘

sider the problem of working capital.

Agriculture in Italy, the same as agri-

culture in America, found that it was

supplying the commercial banking

system of Italy with a large part of its

working capital, and yet, when agri-

culture went to the commercial banks

to get part of the capital it was sup-

plying those banks it could only

get it on terms dictated by the banks.

And often, as in America, commerce

and manufacturers were outbidding

agriculture’s own capital. And agri-

culture’s capital was more profitably

tied up by the banks in commercial

enterprise which flourished there, as

here, to a considerable extent, at the

expense of agriculture.



So co-operative credit organizations

were effected among those interested

in agriculture. One class of these or-

ganizations dealt with short term

credit, such as was needed in buying

fertilizers, supplies, agriculture ma-

chinery. etc. A lo g term credit was

provided through a. system of long

term mortgage bonds. These bonds

ran as long as thirty-five and even fif-

ty years. They were issued on a fifty

per cent valuation of the. security back

of them, and sold on a four and a half

and five per cent basis, and some-

times lower than that. There was an

amortization feature by which the

borrower by paying in addition to the





interest, a small per cent on the prin-"





cipal, which was scarcely noticed as

a burden, at least, he thereby at the

end of this considerable period paid

off his indebtedness without feeling it.

Furthermore, he was privileged to





pay off the entire indebtedness at any

time by paying a small premium.

It seems apparent that Italian agri‘





the form of open accounts. The bor-

rower, under this system, does not

withdraw all the money he is entitled

to by his mortgage, but is given a,

check book. The borrower can return

to the bank any part of the loan for

which he has no use, and he only

pays interest on that portion practi-

cally in use. It is loaned at a low

rate of interest for the purpose of pro-

moting agriculture.



Certain it is that the Savings

Banks in Italy, are organized on an

entirely different basis than the Sav‘

ings Banks of Michigan for example,

and, in, fact the Savings Banks of

most of our states, although I under-

stand the Savings Banks in New York

and Massachusetts are organized on

a mutual basis for the public welfare

instead of, private profit. Many of the

Savings Banks in Italy are organized

more purely as public utility or benev-

olent institutions. These institutions

have no share holders, do not have to

pay dividends, and all of the profits of

the business go to increase the work-

ing capital and build up the reserve

fund. These banks make a special

feature of encouraging the formation

of rural banks by placing money at

their disposal. These Savings Banks

are large deposit banks. The Savings

Bank of Milan, for example, when the

American Commission visited it, had

over $160,000,000 on deposit.



Italy has practically twice the area

of Michigan and fully eight times the

population. In addition to. the encour-

agement given agriculture by its Sav—

ings Banks there are over 2,000 rural

banks organized on the Raiffeisen sys-

tem with unlimited liability of the

members. There are also rural banks

with limited liability of members. And

also organizations on a purely co—op-

erative basis for insurance to build-

ings and health of the toilers and

their live stock, for the reclamation

and the improvement of land and the

purchase thereof, for cooperative

farming through collective leases, for





 





 





 





Co-operative Factory near Gargano, Italy, for the Manufacture of Taurel and





Olive Oils.





culture protected by such a system of

long term credit is much better organ—

ized and has competitive advantage

over us. The borrower there cannot

be molested for thirty-five years say,

if he meets his modest obligation. He

can lay out a constructive program of

improvement of his farm with reason-

able assurance of safety, whereas the

American farmer pays, according to

oflicial information, an average of

eight per cent for his money and he

is under the constant worry, perhaps,

of being called upon to supply the en.

tire principle in a new loan as often

as every five years. The Savings

Banks of Italy also make these long

term loans in large aggregate

amounts. The Savings Bank of Flor-

ence, for example, is permitted bylaw

to loan thirty per cent of the capital

deposited with the bank on this class

of securities and accordingly has over

six million dollars invested in ’these

mortgage bonds. And it has also

granted loans on mortgage security in





Has been in Successful Operation Since 1839.





the manufacture of fertilizers, olive

and taurel oils, for the purchase of

machinery and supplies, etc.





'TIME’S FLIGHT.





 





.. BY WALTER G. DOT'Y.



“Seven days make one week.

Twelve months make one year.”



This in school we used to speak

In a sing-song loud and clear.





Now that we are more antique,

More and more it. groweth clear

That ten minutes make a week '

And six weeks comprise a year.





Tempus fugit? Yes, you're right;

And, in fuging, takes our hair,



Teeth and hearing and eyesight,

Leaving aches and debts and care.





“'ould that we were young once more

Chanting still that samesing-song,

\Vith vacation at the door. .

Full of weeks some two months long.





Let us be of good cheer,‘ however,

remembering that the ' misfertunes

hardest to bear arethose which never

come—Lowell.
Get This Car FREE





And tho Ago y

for Your

Torrltor!





 





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THE MICHIGAN FA‘RM‘ER





ON THE EUROPEAN WAR.





BY cams. H. morons.



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over there across the sea,



And when that big‘ job is finished, in

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But our hearts bleed for our brothers

who go daily to their fate,



And we’re praying that the slaughter

may cease at an early date;



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killed upon the battlefield



For the whole great sum of dollars

that this monstrous war may

yield.



We would fain forego our prospects of

prosperity thus wrought,



If in view of our so doing no more

battles need be fought.



Oh, we wish that peace might triumph

’ere more fellowmen be slain!



May God help the suffering, homeless,

all whose hearts are torn by

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WINSTON OF THE PRAIRIE.





 





(Continued from page 42).

aloft again, while the sparks rained





down upon the grass before the

draught it made.



Blackened men with smoldering

clothes were, however, ready, and





they fought each incipient blaze with

soaked grain bags, and Shovels, some

of them also, careless of blistered

arms. with their own wet jackets. As

fast as each fire was trampled out an-

other sprang into life, but the parent

blaze that fed them sank and died,

and at last there was a hoarse cheer.

They had won, and the fire they had

beaten passed on, divided, across the

prairie, leaving the homestead un-

scathed between.



Then they turned to 100k for their





leader, and did not find him until a.





lad came up to Dane.



“Courthorne’s back by the second

furrows, and I fancy he’s badly hurt,”

he said. “He didn't appear to know

me, and his head seems all kicked in.”



It was not apparent how the news

went round, but in a few minutes

Dane was kneeling beside a limp

blacked object stretched amid the

grass, and while his comrades cluster-

ed behind her, Maud Barrington bent

over him. Her voice was breathless

as she asked, “You don’t believe him

dead?”



Somebody had brought a lantern,

and Dane felt inclined to gasp when

he saw the girl’s white face, but what

she felt was not his business then.



“He’s of a kind that is very hard

to kill. Hold that lantern so I can

see him,” he said.



The rest waited silent, glad that

there was somebody to take a lead,

and in a few moments Dane looked

round again.



“Ride in to the settlement, Staple-

ton, and bring that Doctor fellow out

if you bring him by the neck. Stop

just a moment. You don’t know where

you’re to bring him to.”



“Hero, of course,” said the lad,

breaking into a run.



“Wait,” and Dane’s voice stopped

him. “Now, I don’t fancy that would

do. It seems to me that this is a case

in which a woman to look after him

would be necessary.”



Then, before any of the married

men or their wives who had followed

them could make an offer, Maud Bar-

rington touched his shoulder.



“He is coming to the Grange,” she

said.



Dane nodded, signed to Stapleton,

then spoke quickly to the men about

him and turned to Maud Barrington.



“Ride on at a gallop and get every-

thing ready. I’ll see he comes to no

harm." he said.



The girl felt curiously grateful as

she rode with her companion, and





Dane, who laid Winston carefully in a

wagon, drew two of the other men

aside when it rolled away towards the

Grange.



“There is something to be looked

into. Did you notice anything unusual

about the affair?” he said.



“Since you asked me, I did,” said

one of the men. “I, however, scarce.-

ly cared to mention it until I had time

for reflection, but while I fancy the

regulation guards would have check-

ed the fire on the boundaries without

our help, I don’t quite see how one

started in the hollow inside them.”



“Exactly,” said Dane, very dryly.

“Well, we have got to discover it, and

the more quickly we do it the better.

I fancy, however, that the question

who started it is what we have to

consider.”



The men looked at one another and

the third of them nodded.



“I fancy it comes to that—though it

is horribly unpleasant to admit it,” he

said.





 





CHAPTER XVII,

Maud Barrington is Merciless.

ANE over took the wagon close

by the birch .bluff at Silverdale

Grange. It was late then, but

there were lights in the windows that

blinked beyond the trees, and, when

the wagon stopped, Barrington stood

in the entrance with one or two of his

hired men. Accidents are not infre-

quent on the prairie, where surgical

assistance is not always available, and

there was a shutter ready on the

ground beside him, for the Colonel

had seen the field hospital in opera-

tion.



"Unhook the tailboard,” he said

sharply. “Two of you pick up the

shutter. Four more here. Now, arms

about his shoulders, hips, and knees.

Lift and lower—step off with right

foot, leading bearer, with your left in

the rear!”



It was done in a few moments, and

when the bearers passed into the big

hall that rang with their shuffling

steps, Maud Barrington shivered as

she waited with her' aunt in an inner

room. That trampling was horribly

suggestive, and she had seen but little

of sickness and grievous wounds. Still,

the fact scarcely accounted for the

painful throbbing of her heart, and

the dizziness that came upon her.

Then the bearers came in, panting;

with Barrington and Dane behind

them, and the girl was grateful to her

aunt, who laid a hand upon her arm

when .she saw the singed head, and

blackened face that was smeared with

a ruddier tint, upon the shutter.



“Lower!” said Colonel Barrington.

“Lift, as I told you,” and the huddled

object was laid upon the bed. Then

there was silence until the impassive

voice rose again.



“We shall not want you, Maud.

Dane, you and I will get these burnt

things off him.”



The girl went out, and while she

stood, feeling curiously chilly in an

adjoining room, Barrington bent over

his patient.



“Well put together!" he said,

thoughtfully. “Most of his people

were lighter in frame. Well, we can

only oil the burns, and get a cold

compress about his head. All intact,

so far as I can see, and I fancy he’d

pull through a good deal more than

has happened to him. I am obliged

for your assistance, but I need not

keep you.”



The men withdrew, and when a rat-

tle of wheels rose from the prairie,

Maud Harrington waylaid her uncle

in the hall. Her fingers were trem-

bling, and, though her voice was

steady, the man glanced at her cur-

iously as she asked, “How is be?”



“One can scarcely form an opinion

Yet,” he said slowly. “He is burned

here and there, and his head is badly

cut, it is the concussion that troubles

me. A frantic horse kicks tolerably

hard, you know, but I shall be able to

tell you more when the doctor comes





 





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tomorrow. In the meanwhile you” had

better rest, though you could look in

and see it your aunt wants anything

in an hour or two."



Maud Barrington passed an hour in

horrible impatience, and then stole

quietly into the sick-room. The win-

dows were open wide, and the shaded

lamp burned unsteadily as the cool

night breeze flowed in. Its dim light

just touched the man who lay motion-

less with a bandage round his head,

and the drawn pallor of his face once

more sent a shiver through the girl.

Then Miss Barrington rose and lifted

a warning hand.



"Quite unconscious still,” she said

softly. “I fancy he was knocked down

by one of the horses and trampled on,

but your uncle has hopes of him. He

has evidently led a healthy life.”



The girl was a little' less serene

than usual then, and drew back into

the shadow.



“Yes,” she said. “We did not think

so once.”



Miss Barrington smiled curiously.

“Are you very much astonished Maud?

Still, there is nothing you can do for

me, and we shall want you tomor-

row.”



Realizing that there was no need

for her, the girl went out, and when

the door closed behind her the little

white-haired lady bent down and gaz-

ed at her patient long and steadily.

Then she shook her head, and moved

back to the seat she had risen from

with perplexity in her face.



In the meanwhile, Maud Barrington

sat by the open window in her room

staring out into the night. There was

a whispering in the birch bluff, and

the murmuring of leagues of grasses

’rose from the prairie that stretched

away beyond it. Still, though the wind

fanned her throbbing forehead with a

pleasant coolness, the nocturnal har-

monies awoke no response in her.

Sleep was out of the question, for her

brain was in a whirl of vague sensa<

tions, through which fear came upper-

most every now and then. Why any-

thing which could befall this man who

had come Out of the obscurity, and

was, he had told her, to go back into

it again, should disturb her, Maud

Barrington did not know: but there

was no disguising the fact that she

would feel his loss grievously, as oth-

ers at Silverdale would do. Then with

a little tremor she wondered whether

they must lose him, and rising stood

tensely still, listening for any sound

from the room where the sick man

lay.



There was nothing but the sighing

of the grasses outside and the murmur

of the birches in the bluff, until the

doieful howl of coyote stole faintly

out of the night. Again the beast sent

its cry out upon the wind, and the girl

trembled as she listened. The un-

earthly wail seemed charged with aug-

ury, and every nerve in her thrilled.



Then she sank down into her chair

again, and sat still, hoping, listening,

fearing, and wondering when the day

would come, until at last her eyes

grew heavy, and it was with a start

she roused herself when a rattle of

wheels came up out of the prairie in

the early morning. Then a spume-

flecked team swept up to the house, a

door swung open, there was a mur-

mur of voices and a sound of feet that

moved softly in the hall, after which,

for what seemed an interminable

time, silence reigned again. At last

when the stealthy patter of feet .re.

commenced, the girl slipped down the

stairway and came upon Barrington.

Still, she could not ask the question

that was trembling on her lips.



“Is there anything I can do?” she

said. _



Barrington shook his head. “Not

now! The doctor is here, and does

not seem very anxious about him. The

concussion is not apparently, serious,

and his other injuries will not trouble

him much.”



Maud Barrington said nothing and

turned away, sensible of a great re-





vl'T‘H‘E MICHIGAN' FARM'ER





lief, while her aunt entering her room

an hour, later found her lying fast

asleep,’ but still dressed as she had

last seen her. Then, being a discern-

ing woman, ,‘she went out softly with a

curious smile, and did not at any time

mention What she had seen.



It was that evening, and Barring-

ton had departed suddenly on busi-

ness to Winnipeg, when Dane rode up

to the Grange. He asked for Miss

Barrington and her niece, and when

he heard that his comrade was recov-

ering sensibility, sat down, looking

very grave.



“I have something to tell you but

Courthorne must not know until he

is better, while I’m not sure that we

need tell him then,” he said. “In the

meanwhile, I am also inclined to

fancy it would be better kept from

Colonel Barrington on his return. It

is the first time anything of the kind

has happened at Silverdale, and it

would hurt him horribly, which decid-

ed us to come first to you.”



“You must be more concise,” said

Miss Barrington quickly, and Dane

trifled with the hat in his hand.



"‘It is,” he said, “a most unpleasant

thing, and is known to three men only.

of whom I am one. We have also ar-

ranged that nobody else will chance

upon what we have discovered. You

see, Ferris is unfortunately connected

with you, and his people have had

trouble enough already.”



“Ferris?” said Maud Barrington,

with a sudden hardening of her face.

“You surely don’t meanm”



Dane nodded. “Yes,” he said re-

luctantly. “I'm afraid I do. Now, if

you will listen to me for a minute or

two.”



He told his story with a grim. con-

vincing quietness and the blood crept

into the girl’s cheeks as she followed

his discoveries step by step. Glancing

at her aunt, she saw that there was

horror as well as belief in the gentle

lady’s face.



“Then,” she said. with cold incisive-

ness, “Ferris cannot stay here, and he

shall be pu iished.”



“No,” said Dane. “We have no

room for a lad of his disposition at

Silverdale—but I’m'very uncertain in

regard to the rest. You see, it could

not be done without attracting atten-

tion—and I have the honor of know-

ing his mother. You will remember

how she lost another son. That is

why I did not tell Colonel Barrington.

He is a trifle—precipitate—occasion-

ally." '



Miss Barrington glanced at him

gratefully. “You have done wisely,”

she said. “Ethel Ferris has borne

enough, and she has never been the

same since the horrible night' they

brought Frank home, for she knew

how he came by his death, though the

coroner brought it in misadventure.

I also fancy my brother would be im-

placable in a case like this, though

how far I am warranted in keeping

the facts from him I do not know.”



Dane nodded gravely. “We leave

that to you. You will, however, re-

member what happened once before.

VVe cannot go through what we did

then again.”



(Continued next week).





 





Only when men suffer for other peo-

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that is in them.——Phillips Brooks.





BOOK NOTICE.





 





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. .-‘....u-.:. .1 .





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Frankness or





ALIVAYS say just exactly what I



think,” boasted a woman the oth-



er day. “I’m no hypocrite.‘Every-

one knows exactly where I stand. If

I don’t like a thing I say so. You

don’t catch me telling a woman I like

her dress if I don’t. If it isn’t becom-

ing I say so.” And the speaker glow-

ed as though her frankness were a

thing actually to be proud of.



Knowing what her acquaintances

thought of her, she has few friends, I

couldn’t but wonder how she would

feel if others were equally frank with

her. Among those who know her

she is held to be the most disagree-

able woman in the neighborhood, a

person to be shunned if at all pos-

sible, because of her sin of frankness

which she considers her chief virtue.

For with her, being perfectly frank is

only an excuse for unpardonable

rudeness. Her truthfulness is not to

be counted unto her for righteousness,

it is simply brutality.



This woman has a sister in every

neighborhood, the pest who can al-

ways be counted upon for hurting

your feelings if she gets a chance un-

der the guise of being strictly truth-

ful. Of course, we have been all taught

the heinousness of lying, but most of

us have been taught also that it is

better not to tell the whole truth

when that truth is going to give pain

and will do no good.



\Vhat is the use, for instance, of

telling a woman her new hat is most

unbecoming, or that she looks a. fright

in green, if she is satisfied with her

possessions and thinks she looks

charming. It is merely a matter of

opinion anyway. She thinks she looks

well and you think she doesn’t. How

do you know which is right? Why

say what you think, then, and make

an enemy for life, just because you

want to be quite frank with every-

body?





Why tell a growing girl she is awkv





ward? Granted she is, it doesn’t put

her at her case and make her more

graceful to he thus ridiculed. Why

remark on the first baby’s large nose

and badly shaped head? Maybe he is

a homely little monkey to you, but to

his parents he is the most beautiful

sight on earth. Why hurt them just

for the sake of always telling the





truth. Again, the matter is only one

of opinion. Perhaps your opinion is

wrong.





There are many things even the

best intentioned of us say which we

needn’t, and still we need not be ac-

cused of falsehoods. We do not like

our neighbor’s house, or the new cur-

tains, or the parlor rug, and in an in-

discreet moment we criticise. They

are offended and we think they are

too touchy. But are they? Is it not

rather, that we are rude and set our

judgment up as better than theirs.



After all, so many things are just

relative, mere matters of opinion, and

one person’s is as good as anothers.

If we insist on speaking our minds in

order to be cleared of any suspicion

of duplicity we are not «proving things

are as we say, we are simply telling

how they. look to us. And to the oth-

er fellow they may have a different

aspect. ,



Years ago when I was a country

school-ma’am it wasbrought to my at-

tention, this differencein viewpoints.





01113133113.





At Home and Elsewf) ere





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Rudeness.





It happened on a nasty, drizzling gray

March day. I stood at the hall win-

dow, wretchedly homesick, watching

the children straggling in, and wish-

ing myself dead, or back with mother,

it didn’t matter much which. The

“queer” girl of the high school paused

by my side.



“Isn’t it a beautiful day?" she said.



“I don’t see it,” I snapped shortly.

“It’s nasty and sloppy and raw and

thoroughly disagreeable.”



“It doesn’t prove there’s no beauty

there because you con’t see it,” she

replied.





 





Then I looked at her, her shining

eyes, her glowing face, and I saw she

really did see beauty out there some-

wheres. For the first time I realized

that two presumably human beings

could look at the same thing at the

same time and each see something

entirely different.



For the painfully frank person this

is a good'thing to ponder over. Be-





cause you think a thing to be the





truth it doesn’t follow that you are

right. So don’t always insist on say-

ing exactly what you think. Instead

of being admired for your brave

truthfulness, you are more often cor-

dially detested for your rudeness.

DEBORAH.





Hf}!'HIIHHE1!!!lllllll!H|HHHIHHIHIIHIHIIHIHIHIIHHHHIIHHIHlllIllIllHlIllIllIllllllllllllllllllliWillliiiliIIHHIIIHHEHIHHIHIWEl"lEHIEHEHHIE!‘Willi“!I§5Hilil‘ililliii5'”NH!lllHIllIIH||IIllllIIIHHIIHHIIHHIIH





The Domestic Crucible—6.





Grace Encouters a Shortage in Fuel.





S the clock on the mantel chim-

ed eleven, Grace Ludlow looked

up with a guilty start, from the



absorbing task of arranging her wed-

ding gift china on the buffet. Eleven

o’clock already, and net a thing pre-

pared for dinner! Worse still, not a

thing thought of. Her mind took

hasty stock of the pantry shelves.

Why, there wasn’t even a dessert

ready, for the first time in her married

life, and Only an hour in which to

prepare for two hungry men!



Her one excuse, good enough for

her but [rather frail to offer John, was

her passion for pretty things, and the

joy she took in arranging and re-ar-

ranging the few choice pieces of Dres-

den, Haviland and fine crystal she had

received at the time of her wedding.

She shook her head ruefully at the

shining array, and fancied the cut-

glass bowl winked back impudently at

her dismay.



“You are to blame, and you know

it,” she said severely. “But, of course,

John will think I am, though he may

not say it. Well, there’sno time to

stand around thinking up excuses,”

she was in the kitchen as she spoke.

“I must run out to the garden and dig

potatoes and see what else I can

scare up.”



The phone tinkled and she paused

to count the ring. Six short, their

ring! Well, she wouldn’t answer it.

But if she didn’t it would be sure to

be John’s mother, and Grace knew she

would get red in the face when Moth-

er Ludlow asked her where she was

at 11 oclock Thursday morning. She’d

have to answer the phone if dinner

was late.



The caller proved to be, not Mother

Ludlow, but a neighbor who wanted

the recipe for the salad Grace took to

the Ladies’ Aid last week. If she only

dared say she was in a hurry and





would call up in the afternoon! But





this particular neighbor would be in-

.sulted if she did, so there was no help

for it. She gave the recipe, listened

to a long-winded account of what hap-

pened at the grange‘the night before,

and promised to send over the pattern

for her new negligee, all with an agon-

ized eye on the kitchen clock, whose

hands were maliciously moving to-

wards 11:15, with more than neces-

sary alacrity.



At last she made her escape, only

to stumble over a chicken with a brok-

en )legat the doorstep. Her tender

heart would not let her hurry on, the





chicken simply had to be taken in and

put in a basket, to be further minis-

tered to later. In the garden she dug

potatoes with furious speed, cutting

half of them in two ‘with the bee and

leaving the other half in the hill, with





reckless disregard for the starving.





poor she had been told were in the

city. Fresh lettuce was jerked out of

the ground and thrown on top of the

potatoes. Beans? Heavens, no, she

couldn’t cook butter beans today, but

she might manage asparagus. What

on earth to do for dessert, there was

no pie, pudding, cake, nor even cook-

ies. Thank goodness,'there were plen-

ty of berries, and the men would have

to be satisfied with them without

cake, though she knew they would ex-

pect it. She certainly had spoiled

those men, but they always praised

her baking so she had enjoyed the

spoiling process.



It was 11:40 when at last she re-

turned to the house, and then she had

left the berries to be picked while the

men Were eating the dinner. She

dropped the lettuce into a dishpan of

cold water and dumped the potatoes

into another pan to be scrub-bed.



“They’ll have to take them in jack-

ets today,” she said. “They can pare

them quicker than I can now.” In a

twinkling the potatoes were scrubbed

and ready for boiling.



“Why didn’t I start the fire before

I went out and have plenty of boiling

water ready,” she demanded of her-

self. “They’ll be forever getting start-

ed now.”



She flew to the wood-box, then paus-

ed aghast. Not a stick of wood, not

even a chip! Only a few burnt match-

es and a scrap or two of paper. Those

two men had marched off to work that

morning and left her to fill the wood-

box. Of course, it would have to be

on a day when everything else was

behind. There was no help for it,

she’d have to carry in wood, a thing

she’d vowed never to do. She dashed

out to the wood-yard, only to find

there was not a stick split. The an-

ger which she had been choking down

flamed in a white heat. Of all things,

to leave her to split wood! She would

never do it, so there.



But even as she vowed, she had

snatched up the axe and was looking

about for a smooth straight block

without knots. John Ludlow would

get a piece of her mind. Did he think

she was going to be cook and chore

boy,» too»? The axe struck- the block





squarely and a smooth straight stick

fell off. She struck again, swiftly but

surely. He ought to be ashamed of

himself. What did he think women

were made of? The savage joy of

smashing things calmed her a bit, and

the rage with which she first attacked

the block of wood began to subside.

Ashamed of himself, so he had, and

she would tell him so, and something

else besides. A fifth and sixth stick

fell beside the others. But did men

ever feel ashamed about such things?

Her father had never acted as. if he

was upset over it when she or her

mother had been forced to split the

wood and carry it in, and many a.

time she had done it at home. But

she wasn’t going to do it again in her

new home, not if her name was Grace

Ludlow.



She snatched up the armful of wood

and hurried back. A generous dash

of kerosene on the dry wood took the

place of kindling, and she slammed

the potatoes on the stove and started

to wash the asparagus as the men

turned the teams into the barnyard.



“What, no dinner,” John demanded



ten minutes later. “What have you

been doing?”

“Splitting wood most of the time,”

Grace replied severely. “It seems to

me if I do the cooking the least you

can do is to see that I have fuel to

cook with.”



“Lots of it in the back yard,” John





replied amiably, turning into the

washroom. “Help yourself. It’s all

yours.”





“I did help myself today,” Grace

followed him to the door, “but I’ll

never do it again.”



“You did it lots of times at home

and it never hurt you,” John splutter«

ed up through hands filled with water

which he was dashing over his hot

face. “You were splitting wood when

I drove up the day I asked you to

marry me. That’s why I asked you.”



Grace turned back to the kitchen.

That day was too recent, the memory

too fresh to quarrel over anything

like splitting wood, when she had

done. it all her life at home. But she

must make John see it really was his

work. Some other time, she was

mostly too blame for the late dinner

today, anyway.



“Maybe it doesn’t hurt me," she

called back, “but I am not going to do

it again. I always told mother it was

a man’s work, but she spoiled father

and I had to keep it up.”



“No danger of your spoiling me,”

John stopped to rumple her hair as he

spoke. “Can we begin on the bread

and butter?”



“Yes, go on,” Grace answered. “And

I’ll show you next time how little I

intend to spoil you,” she added under

her breath.





THE FEDERAL MlGRATORY BIRD

LAW.





 





The federal government now pro-

tects our insectivorous and rodent-eat-

ing birds from their human enemies at

all times, whether that enemy be the

plumage-hunter, the trapper of song

birds, the market-hunter with his re-

peating shotgun or the unthinking

small boy with his sling-shot. The

new law is so comprehensive and ad-

equate that the extinction . which

threatened every wild bird-in the Uni-

ted States is nowaverted and the

birds that remain have a good chance





 

 

 





 





 





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JAN. 9.“ 1915.’





of perpetuation and even of substan-

tial increase. Gamegbirds may be kill-

ed at specified times, but they are

adequately safeguarded and. the per-

nicious practice of spring shooting is

prohibited. , *

Nevertheless, the battle to save the

birds is still on and is yet to be won,

for the fate of the birds depends up-

on the enforcement of the new law.

And the enforcement of every law de-

pends largely upon public opinion.

The new law, being revolutionary in

its character and from its nature dif-

ficult of enforcement, needs the loyal

support of all good citizens. Every





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Michigan’s Happy Babies-4N0. 8.





By DEBORAH.





 





HILE this department is in-

W tended for bottle-fed babies,



as most nursing babies are

healthy and happy anyway, there is

much that the nursing mother could

learn with advantage to herself and

her child. Perhaps the most import-

ant thing she (can learn is the need

for regularity in the hours of feeding.

We realize that for ourselves we

should eat regularly three times a

day, with no mincing between meals,

but somehow many of us think that

baby can be fed at any hour and still

not be hurt by it. On the contrary he

should be fed just as systematically

by the clock as we feed ourselves.





Day, in the feeding schedule, is

from seven o’clock in the morning un-

til nine at night. For the first day of

baby’s life he should nurse but four

times in the 24 hours, or once every

six hours. On the second day, there

should be six nursings, or once every

four hours. Beginning on the third

day can be put on the regular sched-

ule of once every two hours during

the day, with two night feedings, mak-

ing ten feedings in all. With the be.

ginning of the third week you may

begin to lengthen the interval be-

tween feedings, making it a few min-

utes longer each time until there is

two and one-half hours between the

meals, with one night feeding, or eight

feedings in all. At three months he-

gin to lengthen the interval to three

hours, and at five or six months drop

the night feeding entirely, feeding ev-

ery three hours during the day for the

first year, or six times a day.



To dispense with the night meal en-

tirely seems to many mothers an im-

possibility. But a healthy baby can

be trained to this if the mother has

sufficient will to stick to any course

which is for the baby’s best interest

and her own good. If the baby is fed

regularly during the daylight hours,

and given sufficient food at each time,

he does not need anything to eat dilr-

ing the. night. Thousands of babies

sleep all night long after the sixth

month, thus giving the mother the

rest she needs. And every well baby

could be trained to do so. Many a

mother takes her baby to bed with her

and lets it nurse during the night

whenever it whines. They arise in

the morning, tired out with the drain

on themselves and the lack of sleep

caused b a restless baby in bed with

them all night. Baby is cross and

fretful. He has not slept properly be-

cause his stomach was uncomfortable

from his all too frequent feedings.

Both mother and child are nervous

and cross and happiness is out of the

question. If the mother would, in.

stead, put the baby in a crib or has

ket by the side of the bed and not

feed him at all during the night, both





'would arise refreshed and happy in





the morning. If the baby cries the

mother who has fed him properly dur-

ing the day knows at once it is not

food he needs, and she refrains from

feeding him. Turning him in the crib,

putting on dry napkins, giving him a

drink of water, hot if it, is a colicky

cry, will quiet him. On no account

take‘him int‘o'b'ed'with you as it will





.be regulated.





A.





. THE M i c HI





club woman should bestir herself. The

opportunity has come at last. Let us

seize the opportunity and save the

birds!



It is the economic side that is now

pushed to the front. In the growing

of our food products it is war between

the producer and the insects, weed

seeds and rodents, with animal losses

running into billions of dollars. It is

on these three pests that the, birds

principally feed. If through the en-

forcement of this law we can bring

back the birds as they were a few

years ago these frightful losses will

be greatly decreased.





not do either one of you any good. If

he is sick you will know it by the

character of his cry. If he simply

wants you to give in and feed and

cuddle him, you will know that, too.

In that case let him cry it out. The

crying will not hurt a six-months—old

baby and you will be beginning your

lessons in discipline.



Not only should the time of feeding

be regulated by the clock, but the

time baby spends at the breast should

Ten minutes is suffi-

cient for him to get all the food he

needs, and he can just as well be





GANYF‘ATR M’E'R?





Kresge’s Free Katalog ls

Full of Bargains ko This:





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AX“. no Du"

{kn c.h.own in the





how

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Mo lo m book to insure a close a: over themrm

mboduonoofflmodm and A

"hinymmm lot-Io m. [scum l valuo.

our woof-l who only too pool-u Io oxen. no In all.





FREE ”Stiffl‘lififit'tia





 





IKntsoz‘s‘I >KATALOG ‘

5er use





BARGAINS





Iran's Ins-log illustrates

of the world'- at





hold noceositic —-no

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power of “our nlcldo In

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‘ Kmlo who! to plan.





8. 3. KRE S ' >60.

l on or return your mone .

! - canon. mcm $05 ‘ ‘Vritc tn nearp-tpoint. Dotro

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Our References: "' .mg‘gpz'm'°'”

Address: 017363 Boa: A 8





 





trained to that time, as to be allowed

to take a half hour. Ten minutes six

times a day means one hour out of

every day, which for the average

mother is quite all she can afford to

spare from her work. That ten min-

utes every three hours is a good thing





for her, as it gives her just so many





intervals of rest. Any longer adds to

her worries by piling up work which

she sees no time to do.



"Clock-work" babies have been

laughed at by many women who

brought up their children by guess-

work and had fat babies. But the

mothers who have persisted in adher-

ing to system have always been re-

warded by babies who could be de-

pended upon to sleep nights and get

through the teething period with little

disturbance. Besides, they learn un-

consciously, habits of regularity which

will stick to them-through life and

save them much trouble in later years.

By all means inject regularity and

system into baby’s life, even if you do

not need to depend upon the bottle.





 





SEND Foe THEWBWABY CHART.





 





Several letters have been received

asking for help with the baby’s diet,

and other information. While many

of these letters are very clear and

give all the necessary information for

a diagnosis, others simply say “baby

is restless,” or “baby cries,” and tell

nothing to show what might be mak-

ing him cry. For the use of mothers

who desire the benefit of this depart-

ment the editor has prepared charts

to be kept faithfully for a week, and

then mailed with a self—addressed and

stamped envelope asking for the de-

sired information. These charts may

be secured by any mother who will

send a stamp, and when returned,

properly filled out, the editor will





gladly advise as to diet and care. No





medical information can be given.





HOME‘BUERIES.





 





Household Editor:———I saw in the

last issue of the Michigan Farmer a

lady asking for a recipe for making

apple butter. Stew the apples, then

take one cup of sugar to two cups of

apple sauce until the pan is full, I

use a granite pan. Set in the oven

and bake from two to three hours.

Stir it often as it will scum over the

top and burn if not stirred—M. J. P.





Household Editort—Could you tell

me what molasses is made from?———A

Reader.





Molasses is made from sugar. corn

and maple sap. I am afraid someone

has been playing a joke on you.





S. S. KRESGE 00., 33523:. as:





Tho Original Parcel Post land 100300"





With over 100 Branches





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





m.





In Your /

HOU'DE‘. M3

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Line ,

STABLES

GAnAc-ifib 6r.

POULYRY HOUSES

‘NlYH A MFAT‘ERIAL

BFTTra ate—«ERDFQ WAN Dias—5:1





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‘-N|PPLU FRCflVI DQWPNKJ’ICLIS“ IN I‘r‘iNklvflL CITEIL').





. It comes in sheets 32 and 43 inches wide and

l to '2 feet long. ls nailed to otudding or over

flat surfaces. Can be applied in freezing weather.

Put}: up yourself Can be painted or popered.

;Wmsture. sound. heat and cold-proof.



Free Samples.





nu: PHILIP CAREY COMPANY





   





marauumnnuni





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





   





 

   

   

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

   





LET us TAN

mun-Inna.





Cattle or Horse hide. Call. Dog. Deer

army kind of skin wnh hair or for on.

we can and “atoll M not“ make

them into coats (for mm and women).

robes, run or (love: when ordered.



Your for goods will cost on less than

to buy them, and be wort more. Our

Illuslrniod cat-log gives a lot of in-

formation which every stock raiser

Ihould have. but we never-send out this

valuable book except upon request.



it tells how to take off and care for

hides: how and when we ”1 MM

both it o a about our safe dyeing ro-

ceu wh ch Is a. tremendonlndvan go

to the customer. especially on lion.

Mdao aod coll sklno 3 about the fur

goods and glutme trophies we sell. taxi-



crlny. (‘ 0. you want a. BC (1 ‘1

your corrch address. 009! n s





Crosby Frisian For Com -'

511 lyell Ave, Rochester. if?"





Hide 3 HIGH!»





Novel. N Myrrh have the boot. Bu) a machlno

- '- you can 970V. befor- moans. .

DELIVERED FREE on approval and 3/)

dop' ma! “0 EXPENII Iol'W If. um

lrlal you do not wish to keep ll.





LOW FACTORY 6081'. well tool

movements and \aloeo new! before «walled. l



WIWE TODA Y for our Iny taming show-l

log out mle 1m 0! 191.5 mcylos. TIRES. lull-l

dues and patio. and Iurn the woud‘dul w

' and terms we wlll give you Auto and Mnmyclo

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,' know what We can do 10: you A postal card Mimevorytmng.





Ind cycle 60.. Dept. [-77 chin“,

Michigan Farmer’s club List.





For the benefit and convenience of

our subscribers we have arranged the

following list of papers on which we

can save them money. Besides the

money, they save the trouble and ex-

pense of sending each order sepa-

rately.



EXPLANATION—The first column

gives the paper’s regular subscription

price. The second column price is for

the Michigan Farmer and the other

paper, both for one year. Add 50 cents

when the Michigan Farmer is wanted

three years, or $1.00 if the Michigan

Farmer is wanted five years. The

third column price is for those who

are paid ahead on the Michigan Farm-

er from one to five years and want

the other paper only: such orders

must be sent to us direct. All combi-

nation orders may be given to- our

agents or sent to us, as is most con-

yenient.



Any number of other papers may be

added at third column prices. Write

for prices on publications not listed.

We can save you money.



We send sample copies of the Mich-

igan Farmer only.



Mention if you are a new or re-

newal subscriber. Renewals will be

dated ahead from their present date.

Allow monthlies three to four weeks

and semi-monthlies two weeks before

making complaint, if not received. We

forward orders day we receive them.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 





 

 





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Boo explana-





NAME or PUBLICATION. “on “be".





 





 

 





 





 





   





 





 





 





 





 





 





$3318. 00.. 17 John I. 80.. M0“. Midi...





 





 





21Woyne Avonuo. I klnnd. 31:22:; a £32: on 1!. F. D. only. 2’50 2350 8

CINCINNATI. OHIO- Journal. neuron”; .'.'.'.'.'.'f.'Iffllffilifil'. 2 50 2 50

Times. Detroit“... 2 (I) 2 00

Herald Grand Rapids. Mich. .... .... 2 50 2 00

News. Grand Rapids ....................... 2 00 2 10

Press. Grand Rapids" ......... 2 0) 2 25

_ s Courier-Herald, Baginaw.Mich.......... 2 50 2 00

ave on News, Saginaw................... .. 200200

Tribune. Bay City. Mich. . .. 2 00 2 10

Blade. Toledo. Ohio ......... .. 2 00 2 05

S "- E E I News Bee Toledo. Ohi ............. .. 2 00 z (5

State Journal. Lansing. Mich ............ 2 00 2 Oll

_ Chicago Herald.... 3 60 3 10

I ( Morning Tribune. Detroit. 1 your; Mich-

|n Ies .. ignn Farmer 3 years ..................... 2 00 2 00

. h ., Tr! Weekly Newspapers

' World. N. Y..City........ . 1 00 1 Z) 76

Edwards STEEL Shingles semi Weekly Newspapers '

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lightning insurance under oufglllfiozllvebond—ree Cattle. Sheep. Swine. Poultry. “0'

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r 0 one. 1 . .....

in your own home one of our regular 310.00 Ralliab e ll’xoultry Jd’llrggl ”Quincyhl‘ll (m) % 3:)

combination DUST-VAC V A C U U M Swine Breedem' Journal ' Indianapolis 36

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eachand keep yoursFREE Every machine EVBl‘ybodys Magazine. N. Y. City. (in)... 1 50 1 60 1 15

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sets (lor men and women) robes, ru 8 or gloves. as '4‘ ”8° (m) """""""""""" 5° 7° 2°

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"0 all." 150. a“ “£3.“ a; tho oocond um um. or ‘1
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Duplex IIIIII e mace. Box dos- Spur-mo;





THE. MICHIGAN FARMERfl





By J. W.





.WO of the prime essentials for

profitable varieties of apples for

the commercial orchard are the



ability to bear large crops and the

ability of the fruit to command a good

price when placed on the market.

Bearing this in mind when the survey

questions were prepared, each grower

was asked to give the yield for each

variety of apples in his orchard for





also the price received per barrel for

each of these varieties for the same

years.



Yield Per Acre.



The figures on the yield per acre

show that the Baldwin heads the list

with an average of 70.7 barrels to the

acre for the four years. Then comes

in order the Fameuse, R. I. Greening,

Red Canada, the Russets, Hubbards-

ton, Vl’agener, Northern Spy, Olden-

burg, Stark and Tompkin’s King fol-

lowing in the order named, the latter

having an average yield of 561 bar-

rels. The average for all the varie-

ties was 58.7 barrels. It is interesting

to note that the chosen six of the com-

mission men as explained in the pre-

vious articles in the series, are includ-

ed in the list of the twelve leading

varieties of Michigan as far as yield is

concerned. It is plain, therefore, that

we will not have to discard their

choices because of failure to meet the

requirement of good bearers.



Prices Received.



The next test for these varieties is

the price received by the growers for

the matured fruit, for heavy crops of

unmarketable fruit are only a drug on

the market. In studying the figures

submitted by the growers for the price

per barrel at which they were able to

dispose of their fruit. we find that

the Red Canada leads all other apples

with a four-year average price of

$2.76, although the Jonathan runs it

a close race for first place, with an

average of $2.75. The Northern Spy

makes a good third with a showing of

$2.57. Again, we find the selection of

the commission men justified for five

of the varieties chosen are among the

six leaders as to price, the Oldenburg

being the only one chosen by the com-

mission men that does not sell for

top prices. The Oldenburg ranks

twelfth with an average price of $2.20.

The six leaders, Red Canada, Jona-

than, Northern Spy, Tompkin’s King,

Baldwin and Rhode Island Greening,

ranging in the order named, from

from $2.75 to $2.31, all rank well above

the average price of $2.26 for all vari-

eties pooled.



Some interesting tables were pre-

pared by multiplying the average yield

for each variety by the average price

received per barrel for that variety,

in an endeavor to roughly approxi-

mate the average returns per acre for

each variety, and to show which are

the most profitable varieties to plant.

It was noticed that the returns per

acre for the different varieties were

much more uniform than might have

been expected, after a hurried glance

at the wide range in both yields and

prices. But 'it must be remembered

that a low yield is offset to some ex-

tent by a high price, and vice versa,

and consequently the returns per acre

may be equalized.



Gross Returns Per Acre.



In tabulating these fictitious returns

per acre, the Red Canada leads all the

varieties with $164.32, with the Bald-

win a close second with $164, followed

by the Rhode Island Greening, the

Fameuse Northern Spy, the Russets,

Delicious and Tompkin’s King, rang-

ing in the order named down to





 





the years 1909 to 1912 inclusive, and '





Ellllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllIllllIlllllllllllllllll|ll|HllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllll||llllllllllllllllllllllllll||IlllllllllllIlll||lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||l||Illllllllllllllllllllllg

s * ‘ é

a rm 0 m m 6 FCC. s

ElllllllllllllllllllIllll|lllllllllllllll|ll|lllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllHIlllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllll. Illllllllllll|lllll|lllllllllllllllllllllIllllllIllIllllllllll|Ill||llll|Illll|llllll|ll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllli





Apple Varieties Giving Best Returns.





FISHER.





$131.30 for the last. The Oldenburg,

sixth'in the list chosen by the market

men, ranks tenth with approximate

returns of $134.80.



So much for the different varieties.

Pooling all the varieties under one av-

erage for each year for both yield and

price, we secure the data contained in

the following table:





% EE E’s—I a?» U, 2.5

'1" Q) Li >43 In C)

Year. m: g mfg: “TE N

f: as 2 s s. as E:

1909 59.9 $2.41 $144.36

1910 35.9 2.72 97.65

1911 69.3 2.26 156.62

1912 661 1.85 122.29

4-year av. 58.7 2.26 132.96





The average yield per acre for all

four years is 58.7 barrels. It is inter-

esting to contrast this with the aver-

age yield (64.1) reported for Niagara

county, New York, for the five years

1902 to 1906 inclusive, and for a four-

year average in Ontario county, New

York, of 58.4 barrels per acre, which

figures check up well with the results

of this survey.



Compared with New York Surveys.



The second column gives the aver-

age price received per barrel for all

varieties for each of the four years,

and the four-year average. A marked

correlation is noticed between the size

of the crop and the selling price,

which vary inversely. Thus in the

year of least yield, 1910, the largest

price per barrel is received, 1. 9.,

$2.72. The four-year average for all

varieties is $2.26, and may be consid-

ered as the average price received by

the Michigan apple grower for a bar-

rel of apples during the years 1909 to

1912. In the New York Survey of

Niagara county already referred to,

the average price from 1902 to 1906

was found to be $1.98, while in Or-

leans county the price was $1.39. The

variability of apple prices in the same

year is well brought out by the data

in the New York surveys for 1904

which show that in Niagara county

the average was $232, while in Or-

leans county (in the same year) it

was only $11.46.



Average Returns Per Acre.



In the third column are given the

estimated returns per acre for all va-

rieties for each vear and the four-year





1111111111111: ‘‘‘‘‘‘ :1111: :1





 





 





JAN. 9. 1915.





average. The reader must bear in

mind that these figures were obtained

by multiplying the average yield per

acre for each year by the average

price per barrel for the corresponding

year, and t'iat these results are mere-

ly appr0ximations. However, they

will tend to bring out one point very

clearly. It has been claimed by many

economists that in years of large

crops the farmer really makes less

than in years of scarcity when the

gross returns per acre are figured up.

The results here given would tend to

Show that this is not true, for the low-

ering in the price in the event of a

large crop is not sufficient to offset

the increase in the yield, and conse-

quently the gross returns are greater

despite the lowered prices. Of course,

these figures represent the gross re-

turns per acre, and a larger crop

would increase the labor and handling

expense for the orchard and this

would tend to lessen the net profits.



The four-year average for the esti-

mated gross returns per acre is $132.-

96. Comparing this with the results

in New York we find that the average

income per acre in Ontario county

was $111.00 and in Niagara county

$109.20.



Accurate account of all costs and

business transactions have been kept

in the Auchter Orchard, a commercial

orchard in New York state, and it was

found that the average yield for ten

years was 116.8 barrels, of which 79.2

was barrel stock and 37.6 was evap-

orating stock. Thus even if we dis-

card the evaporating stock we still

have left a yield of barreled stock

which is well above the average New

York or Michigan yield. I mention

these figures simply to show that

these averages are very conservative

and that where an orchard is run as

a commercial proposition the yield is

greatly increased over these general

state averages.



Also, in the average price received

for apples in this orchard over a ten-

year period, we find that it is $2.60 a

barrel for firsts and seconds. This is

also well above the state averages

and shows the effect of the personal

factor in marketing. In this orchard

the ten years showed an average an-

nual net income of $93.75. Michigan

can undoubtedly show orchards with

just as good results.



Some Average Prices.



An interesting comparison may be

obtained by correlating these results

with those found in the survey of

prices on the New York apple market

for the past twenty years. In this

survey it was discovered that the av-

erage wholesale price for all varieties

on the New York market were as fol-





1:11:11 111111111'Ill’ll1llllllllll'lllllllllllll”llllllllllllllhlhl'l lliE 11111111111111111111111311 lllll111111111111111111l1'|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





Relative Production of Cereal Crops.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Wh eat





 





\‘Rye





 





a 30.1“le





 





Oats





 





 





 





 





Diagram showing the relative size of the crops of four important cer-





eals for this year, last year, and the ten-year average. The comparison cov-

ers the crops of the important producing countries of the northern hemis-





phere.





In each case it will be observed that this year’s crop is below that





of last year, but slightly larger than the ten-year average.





 





 





WWW” v-





‘. .a—I"- ,_'m ’fi‘a
n I 1"





“3 I... E, L s .‘q





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JANE 9, flail?!"





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’ e I



Don t Mus the Big Money

TH E virgin soil that the stumps keep out



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roots that Spread outin all directions. The

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H ber- 18 Inch all No. D fence at 410 per rod

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WHY NOT





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‘ Matter Fertilizers?





“Best In The Land”





Hosttl-y mode at the largest rendering‘plant;

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Tb J. L. i ll. Slum. 9000014088. Form”!!! 00,,





THE M 110 HII o is NI fF‘IA m M E R





lows: From 1893 to 1903, $2.77; and

from 1903 to 1913, was $3.00, or an in-

crease of 23 cents a. barrel. However,

this increase is more apparent than

real, since the higher price of labor,

barrels, etc, will nearly balance the

additional income. V

Questions were also asked as to the

average prices received for cider ap-

ples. From the results submitted it

is safe to assume that 25 to 30 cents

per cwt., was a fair average price for

Michigan cider stock apples during

the years 1909 to 1912.



In next week’s article we will sum-

marize the question of the choice of

varieties and will give especial atten-

tion to the answers submitted by the

market men in answer to the question,

“Do you think an orchard of Northern

Spies is a good investment despite the

long time required for them to come

into bearing?”

llllllllllllllilllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





Crop and_Markct Notes.





Michi an.

Cheboy an (30., cc. 28.——We have

about ei 1: inches of snow and good

Winter weather. Fall sown grain went

into Winter in good shape. Wheat,

oats and corn were above the average

while potatoes and beans were not so

good. Apples were plentiful and low

in price. Resorters are about the best

paying crop we have here in the sum—

mer season. Corn 35c a basket; po-

tatoes 200, wheat 950; eggs 300; but-

ter 280.

New York.



Genosee C0,, Dec. 21.—~Snow has

come, and there has not been suffi-

cient rain. Potatoes were an im-

mense crop, yielding as high as 350

bushels per acre. Beans rather poor,

five to 10 bushels per acre. Corn

good, 60 to 100 crates per acre. Con-

dition of wheat good, but would be

better had we more rain. Farmers

have plenty of feed for home use.

Most‘of surplus grain has been mar-

keted. Foot-and—mouth disease has

thus far prevented feeding of stock.

Potatoes are marketed conservatively

at 28@300; beans $2.25@2.90; butter

30@37c; pork 100: hogs 80; eggs,

fresh 360; spring chickens 13c: fowls

126; ducks 14c; lambs 15c; turkeys

18@200 Wheat $1.04; oats 500: cab-

bage, Danish $8 per ton; domestic $3;

hay, loose $11@13.



New Jersey.



Monmouth 00., Dec .28.——Potatoes

and corn yielded well. No beans are

raised in this section. Wheat and rye

looking well. About one-third of the

grain crop still in farmers hands, with

enough feed for home use. Hogs are

the only live stock being fed for mar-

ket. Farmers are marketing wheat,

rye and poultry, and some pork. Rye

80@95c; wheat $1: poultry 16@25c;

pork 81/2@91/zc. We are having un-

usually cold weather for this time of





year.

Ohio.





Medina 60., Dec. 22,—Ground cov-

ered with snow, which is fine for the

wheat and meadows. Markets are dull

because of quarantine, but are 1m-

proving of late. Many hogs are being

held for better prices. Hens are not

laying well. Hay $13 per ton; wheat

$1.20; oats 420; hogs $6.70; chickens

10c; butter 32c.



Clermont Co, Dec. 22.——The weather

last week was very cold for Decem-

ber. Low as 10 degrees below zero.

Have about six inches of snow which

makes very good sleighing. Some





 





 





 





' Cleveland, Ohio.





ELECTRIC



Steel

Wheel

H .





 





 





warned:



or 1’0



flee booko

We wheel c...





Elm SM

“,9 "lo





end for

ctsend proofs.





 





” Saw your adin the Michigan

JuSt Sar armor” when writing advertisers.





corn to husk. Not much land chang-

ing hands this winter; prices from

$100 to $200 per acre. Stock buyers

are again buying stock. No hoof-and-

mouth disease reported in this county.





Hogs $6.35; lambs $6.50; cows from

$50@100. Chickens 100: eggs 360;

butter 23c; corn 75c; wheat $1.13;

hay $13.





Crawford Co, 1380. 22.——W'e had a

dry fall but at present the weather is

very cold, with six inches of snow,

which will protect winter crops. Farm-

ers had been prepared for winter;

some corn is in the shock that had

been left for feeding cattle. Many

fat hogs are ready for market but the

prices are unfavorable. The foot-and-

mouth disease caused the farmers

trouble in marketing their stock. Cows

are dropping off in the milk yield

since winter set in, and the change of

feed. No grain is moving to market.

Wheat $1.13; oats 450; corn, new 60c;

old 60m $65; hens 10c; butter-fat 33c.



lndiana.



Daviess Co., Dec. 20.——Fair crop of

late potatoes and corn. Beans a short

crop. Wheat prospects poor. Dam-

aged by fly. Farmers getting short on

hay and roughage on account of much

cold weather and heavy feeding. Very

little corn and Wheat to sell. Less

than the usual number of cattle and





 





(Continued on page 50).





 





Plows are connected directl

into the very corners of the





and which size you are interested in.





BATES TRACTOR 00.,





 





1 O7 BATES ST. ,





'1‘ is LIGHT IN WEIGHT and won’t pack the ground, as it has wide wheels and

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lot of work in one day. You will get your plowing, harrowing, dinning done on time

under you went it done. It operates on the CHEAPEST GRADE KEROSEN E.





Two Sizes-15 H. P. Pulls Two Plows; 30 H. P. Pulls Four Plows.





to the draw bar of the engine. You can back them

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Outfit turns square corners. Man stands in cal) and handles plows easily. It

will drive all your farm machinery. Send us only a postal and tell us size of term





.2

LANSING, MIG“.





 





MORE POTASH COMING





American crops and soils are still as

hungry for Potash as before the out-

break of the European War, which

curtailed the Potash shipments.





Some of the Fertilizer Companies

are trying to induce farmers to buy

the one-sided low Potash or no Potash

fertilizers of a generation, ago. This

means a fertilizer that is profitable to

the manufacturer, but not the best for

the farmer. When the Syndicate in

1910 started the direct sales of Potash

to dealers and farmers at reasonable

prices, Potash sales increased 65 per

cent in one year, a clear proof that

farmers know that Potash Pays. They

know that Potash gives good yields,

good quality and resistance to plant

diseases.





Many of the Fertilizer Manufactur-

ers are willing to meet the farmer's

wishes and sell him What he thinks he

needs. These manufacturers are now

willing to furnish as much Potash as

they can secure. They offer goods

with 5 per cent and even in some cas-

es 10 per cent Potash, if the farmers

insist on it.



Shipping conditions are improving,

more Potash is coming forward alI

though the costs of production and

transportation are higher. The higher

price of fertilizers is not due wholly

to the slightly higher cost of Potash.

Much of the Potash that will be used

in next spring's fertilizer had reached

America before the war started.





There is no substitute for Potash.





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that period.

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LEWIS MF‘G (30..

64-78 Owexo St“ Cortland. N.Y.





 





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FOUNDATION.





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Ready for

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GRAINS AND SEEDS.





 





January 5, 1915.



Wheat—After a short period of re-

actionary sentiment that developed in

the market last week, the bulls re-

gained control of the situation and

sent prices to a new high level for the

season. In fact, prices .are now high-

er than they were when the Germans

were advancing upon Paris. The de-

mand from Europe is the chief cause,

although news from other points ad-

ded strength to the market. Foreign-

ers are buying liberally in the United

States and in South America. Every

available ship is taken to transport

the grain and high freight rates are

being paid in order to deliver the

wheat, the demand is so urgent. The

visible supply is nearly a million

bushels less than a week ago. Pri-

mary receipts have also been lighter.

Exporters fear that if they do not se-

cure the grain now they willrbe un-

able to get it later. Domestic millers

are good buyers. Flour is firm. One

year ago the price for No. 2 red wheat

was 980 per bushel. Quotations are





as follows:



No. 2 No. 1



Red. White. May.

Wednesday . . . .1.26 1.23 1.31

Thursday . ......... .. . . .. . .

Friday ............

Saturday . . 1.28% 1.25% 1.33

Monday . . . . .1.31% 1.28% 1.35%

Tuesday 1 34% 1.31% 1.38%





Chicago, (Jan. 4).-No. 2 red

wheat $1.29%@1.37%; May $1.34%;

July $1.22.



Corn.—The corn market is strong.

On Monday it opened with an advance

and kept on moving up until the

close, when prices were one and a

half cents higher than on Saturday.

Foreign demand and the strength of

the wheat market were credited with

bringing about the firmer feeling. It

is also known that feeders are using

more of this grain than they were.

The foot-and-mouth disease is now

well under control and this gives the

farmers more heart to fit their stock

for the better trade. One year ago

No. 3 corn was quoted at 640 per bu.

Quotations for the past week are:



No. 3 No. 3

Mixed. Yellow.





Wednesday ..... 69% 70%

Thursday ...........

Friday ...

Saturday 69 70

Monday 70% 71%

Tuesday ............ 71 72





Chicago, (Jan. 4).——No. 2 yellow

corn 69%@700; May 75%0; July

76%0 per bushel.



Oats-—Prices have also advanced

for this grain but the margin is nar-

rower than for corn and wheat. For-

eign buyers have apparently been less

urgent of late and this causes a quiet-

er tone. The volume of trading is

ordinary and the visible supply shows

a slight increase. One year ago stan-

dard cats were selling at 410 per bu.

Quotations are as follows: N 3



0.





Standard. White.

Wednesday . . . . . . . . . 52% 52

Thursday ..





Friday ..

Saturday 52% 52



Monday ...... 53 52%

Tuesday .. ....... 53 52%





Chicago, (Jan. 4).——Standard oats

51%@52c; May 550; July 531/80 bu.



Rye.——A strong demand and small

supply have resulted in further ad-

vances. No. 2 is now at $1.12 per

bushel.



Beans.——Market is firm at advanced

quotations. At Greenville farmers are

selling on a $2.40 basis. Detrmt quo-

tations are: Immediate and Decem-

ber shipment $2.57; February $2.85;

May $2.90. Chicago prices are steady.

Stocks are small. Pea beans, hand-

picked, choice, quoted at $2.70@2.80;

common at $2.40@2.55; red kidneys

choice, at $3.25@3.50. .



C'over Seed—Transactions are on

a higher basis with the tone steady

and business moderate. Prime spot

$9.60 per bushel: March $9.75; prime

alsike sells at $9.30.



Toledo.——Easy. Prime cash $9.60;

March $9.70; prime alsike $9.35. .



Timothy Seed.—~Higher. Prime

spot $3.50 a bushel.





FLOUR AND FEEDS.

Flour.——Jobbing lots in one-eighth

paper sacks are selling on the Detr01t

market per 196 lbs, as follows: Best

patent $6.50; second $6.10; straight

$5.90; spring patent $6.80; rye flour





e bbl. .

$6FEeIdr—In 100-lb. sacks, jobbmg lots





are: Bran $26; standard middlings

$27; fine middlings $32; coarse corn

meal $30; corn and oat chOp $27 per

ton.





_ Am-m-acr'y —-.—-.-——-.





Hay.——Quotations are steady. Car-

lots on track at Detroit are: New,

No. 1 timothy $16@16.50; standard

$15@15.50; No. 2, $15@15.50; No.

clover and mixed $13@13.50.



Chicago.-Demand good, offerings

small. Choice timothy $16.50@17; No.

1, 15@16; No.2, $13@14. .



New York—Firm. Prime $23; No.





'1, $22; No. 2, $20 per ton.





Straw—Steady. Detroit prices are:

Rye straw $7.50@8; wheat and oat

straw $7@7.50 per ton.



Chicago.—~Rye straw $9.50@10; oat

straw $7.50@8; wheat straw $7@8.





DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





Button—Offerings increasing and

market is easy at a 10 decline. Extra

creamery 33c; firsts 300; dairy 210;

packing stock 200 lb.



Chicago—Trade is steady at prices

1c over last week. The supply is in-

creasing and the demand falling off,

so lower prices are anticipated. Extra

creamery 34c; extra firsts 32@33c;

firsts 28@30c; seconds 24@37c; pack-

ing stock 21@20%c.



Elgin.——Dullness after the holidays

has caused a decline of 1c in price,

the quotation being 33c.



Eggs—Light supply holds market

firm at unchanged prices. Fresh

stock sells at 340 per dozen; current

receipts 30%c.



Chicago—Market firm for strictly

fresh stock because supply is limited;

other grades are in moderate supply.

Prices higher. Miscellaneous lots,

cases included 25@34c; ordinary firsts

31@33c; firsts 34@35c per dozen.



Poultry.——Offerings have fallen off

and an advance in prices is expected

unless supply increases. Springs 12

@12%c; hens 8@11%c; ducks 13@

14c; geese 12@13c; turkeys 15@16c.



Chicago—Market quiet as buyers

are holding off expecting heavier re-

ceipts and lower prices. Turkeys 13

@14c; fowls 13c; springs 13c; ducks

13%@14c; geese 11@13c.



Pork—Market steady for dressed

hogs, light weights selling at $8.50@9

per cwt; heavy $7@8.



VeaI.—Quoted steady at 11@11%c

for fancy and 8@9c for common.





 





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





 





Apples.—Market is showing activity

and demand is increasing at present

prices. Baldwins $2.50@2.75 per bbl;

Greenings $2.75@3; Spy $3@3.25;

Steele Red $3.50; No. 2, 40@500 per

bushel.



Chicago—Market quiet, especially

on common storage stock. Refriger-

ator stock moving more freely at mod-

erate prices. Prices quoted are for

refrigerator stock. Common storage

sells for 50c@$1 less. Baldwins $2@

2.50: Kings $2.75@3.25; Wageners

$2.25@2.50; Jonathans $350694;

Greenings $2.75@3.25; Northern Spy

$3@3.50. Western box apples are sell-

ing for 75c@$2.25 per box.



Potatoes—Market steady with no

change in prices. Carlots 35@38c per

bu: in bulk 40c per bu. in sacks; at

Chicago market is steady at slightly

increased prices. Michigan white, in

bulk, are quoted at 35@45c per bu; at

Greenville, Mich., 27@29c in bulk.





WOOL.





In spite of the holidays, a large

amount of business was done in the

wool markets and the aggregate of

sales for the week ending December

31 exceeded those of the previous

week. Had desirable qualities been

in larger supply, the sales would have

been much larger. Prices are higher

in many lines and firm in others.

Fleeces have not been moving quite

as freely. though fair transfers have

been made and it is believed that Ohio

quarters will soon be at the 30c level.

Michigan unwashed combing ranges

from 26@290; do. clothing 23@27c.

The total 1914 clip for the United

States is estimated at over 18,000,000

less than that of 1913.





 





GRAND RAPIDS.





 





The bean market continues active.

with $2.60 being paid early this week

in Saginaw and eastern Michigan dis-

trict, also at Moseley, in Kent county,

and other places. Some sections are

reporting $2.40 as the prevailing price

paid farmers, so that perhaps $2.50

would be a fair average, for the state.

The potato market continues slow.

Some advances have been made in

live poultry. with fowls at 10@11c;

ducks 14@15c; geese 11@120; turkeys

16@17c. Dressed hogs are around

81/4’0. Lettuce from the greenhouses

has doubled in price in the past week

and sales are reported at 10c. The

mills are paying $1.19 for best red

wheat. Hay is bringing $10@12 on

the city market.





DETROIT EASTERN MARKET.





There was a good market Tuesday

morning. Both sellers and buyers

were well represented. Apples, cab-

bage, potatoes and pork were the





 





. ~.—-———~.< «ua...m.-».‘ wi..~.~...».~.......«.. . h... .. .





main offerings. Potatoes were firm

at 450; apples offered freely with culls

and lower grades ranging from 50@





1 75c, while better stock sold at 80c@





$1, a few good Spies were held at

$1.25; cabbage 40@50c; carrots 500;

celery 25c per large bunch; beets 35c;

eggs 450 per dozen; pork $9.50 for

heavy and $10.50 for light. Loose hay

offerings are limited and sell readily

at $18@20 per ton.





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Buffalo.

January 4, 1915.

(Special Report of Dunning & Stev-

ens, New York Central Stock

Yards, Buffalo, N. Y.)



Receipts here today as follows:

Cattle 170 cars; hogs 130 d. d.; sheep

and lambs 85 d. d.; calves 800 head.



With 170 cars of cattle on the mar-

ket today, and 23,000 in Chicago, and

Chicago reported much lower, our

market was all the way, on all grades

of cattle from 25@400 per cwt. lower,

and in more instances 40c lower than

there were instances of 250 lower. At

the close there are at least 40 cars of

cattle unsold. With the close in Chi-

cago last week, we anticipated a good

strong cattle market here today.

While they were estimating 16,000 in

Chicago today, but when they came

in with 23,000 it took the starch out

of everything and the market was dull

and draggy from start to finish. Our

advice to all our shippers is to ship

just as few cattle from now until the

last of this week as possible, for we

certainly will have a decidedly better

market next Monday.



We had a fairly liberal run of hogs

today, but quite a number of them did

not get yarded in time to sell. The

early offerings were rather light and

were taken principally by shippers at

strong Saturday’s prices. Good weight

hogs selling at $7.40; yorkers gener-

ally $7.50, and a few selected at

$7.55 and $7.60, and strictly pig

weights u to $7.75; roughs $6.50 and

stags $5 5.75.. Our market closed

strong and with a. good clearance it

looks like a good market here tomor-

row.



The market was active today on

lambs and sheep, dull on heavy, with

prices a quarter lower on lambs than

the 010se of last week; choice handy

lambs selling at $8.75. We look for

steady to strong prices the balance of

week.



We quote: Lambs $8.60@8.75; cull

to fair $5@8.50; yearlings $6@7.50;

bucks $4@4.25; handy ewes $5.25@

5.50; heavy do $4.75@5; wethers $6@

$6.25; cull sheep $3.50@4.25; veals,

cmoice to extra $12@12.50; fair to

ggd $7.50@11.50. Heavy calves $6





 





 





Chicago.

January 4, 1915.



Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.



Receipts today..24,000 64,000 30,000

Same day 1913..22,109 41,413 36,473

Last week ...... 47,621 199,841 79,171

Same wk 1913..42,513 160,296 90,961

Cattle receipts today were large for

these times of quarantines and inter-

rupted trade, and business was late

in opening. It was thought that sales

would be made about 10@15c lower.





-Hogs opened 150 lower for the best





than Saturday’s best time, with a

$7.25 top, but the later demand was

so good that sales were made at $7.30.

Hogs received last week averaged 222

lbs., comparing witr 227 lbs. a week

earlier, 209 lbs. a year ago and 227

lbs. two years ago. Only 26,491 hogs

were shipped from here last week,

compared with 52,089 a year ago.

Sheep and lambs are largely 25c low-

er (today, with top lambs bringing





Cattle receipts last week were very

much larger than the phenomenally

small numbers marketed a week ear-

lier, when owners were holding back

on account of the recent sensational

slump in prices. The week was brok-

en by the New Year’s holiday, closely

observed in the stock yards, and while

the receipts in ordinary times would

net have been considered large, there

were all the cattle needed at a period

when quarantine conditions exist. Lim-

ited' numbers of strictly prime beeves

such as were not offered during the

previous week sold much above prices

realized at that time, but the rank and

file of the cattle received sold lower,

with the largest decline recorded for

cattle in quarantine. The bulk of the

steers marketed brought $7.50@9.50,

with the choicer lots taken at $9.20@

10.20 and the poor class of thin, light-

weight steers at '$5.50@7.50. Fair

steers brought $7.60@8.20, medium

steers $8.25@8.70 and good steers

$8.75@9.15. Butchering cows and

heifers brought $5@8, with scattering

sales of prime heifers up to $8.75,

while cutters sold at $4.60@4.95, can-

ners at $3.50@4.55 and bulls at $4.85

@750. Yearling steers sold well or

otherwise, according to their quality,

sales being made anywhere from $7.50

up to $9.75. Calves were in good de-

many at $4.50@10 per 100 lbs. for

coarse heavy to prime light yealers.





During the latter part of the week cat-

tle were largely sold at 15@25c below

Monday prices, quarantined offerings

being severaly discriminated against

by buyers, and cattle on the stocker

and feeder order sold badly, the ab-

sence of demand from feeding dis-

trics continuing to give local slaugh-

terers complete control of the market.

It is a pity that so many thin cattle

are being sacrificed, as it is almost a

certainty that stockmen who hold on

to maturity will reap liberal profits,

notwithstanding the high price of

corn.



Hogs are considered as sure to sell

well for months to come, with a small-

er. supply in the country than will be

needed by the packers, and owners are

more hopeful of the future than they

were some months ago. This is shown

by the decreasing percentage of pigs

and underweights that are coming to

market. The undertone of the mar-

ket has been growing gradually

stronger, w1th prime pigs of the heav-

ier class selling as high most of the

time as prime matured swine. There

is an extremely large consumption of

fresh pork, and cash trading in cured

meats is also on an extensive scale.

December hog receipts were unusually

large because so many were liquidat-

ed on account of the foot-and-mouth

disease, but the Chicago receipts for

1914 were the smallest since 1910.

Hogs coming to market average well

in quality, and the bulk of the offer-

ings sell within a narrow range” of

prices. The best prices of the week

were paid Saturday, when hogs

brought $7@7.40, with pigs going at

$5.50@7.30.



Sheep, yearlings and lambs of supe-

rior quality sold wonderfully well last

week, with a pronounced lack of ma-

tured stock, and sheepmen had no rea-

son to .complain of the prices obtain-

ed. The worst feature of the market

was the wretched service rendered by

some of the railroads. It is a poor

time to ship in immature flocks of

lambs, and owners who do so are like-

ly to regret it later, when lambs are

almost certain to sell decidedly high-

er. Receipts have been largely from

Iowa, Illinois, and Wisconsin. Lambs

closed at $6.25@8.85, yearlings at $6.50

@8, wethers at $4.7‘5@6.75, ewes at

$4@6 and bucks at $3.50@4.50; prices

were much higher than a year ago.





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





 





Continued from page 49).

hogs on feed. Cattle 70; hogs 6%0:

butter 30c; eggs 33c; milch cows $50

@100. Horses are cheap.



Elkhart Co., Dec. 28.———The weather

has been cold and stormy with a large

amount of snow. Farmers are kept

busy doing chores and cutting wood.

Some fall plowing has been done. The

quarantine has been partially raised

and live stock is moving freely. Little

corn is being shipped on account of

the short crop. A smaller number of

pigs are being fed this winter than us-

ual. Grain and feed in good demand.

Corn 60c; wheat $1.16; oats 500; but-

ter 28c; eggs 350; turkeys 17c; chick-

ens 90; hogs 70.



Missouri.



Warren Co., Dec. 22.——The crops of

late potatoes, beans and corn were all

good. Wheat and ‘rye are in excellent

condition. Enough corn and corn

stover in farmers’ hands for home use,

but no hay. Most of them are buying

alfalfa hay at $15 per ton. No surplus

of grain for sale. Some hogs and

sheep are being fed but practically no

cattle. Wheat $1.10; corn 75c; oats

55c; butter 300; eggs 35c; turkeys

14c; springs 12c; hens 12c.



Kansas.



Dickinson 00., Dec. 22.——A heavy fall

of snow on December 22. A nice even

eight inches of snow, which covers all

the fields and did an immense amount

of good for moisture and protection to

the wheat. Corn husking is done, only

a light crop. Wheat nearly all hauled

off while the roads were in good con-

dition. Farmers feeding quite a good

many cattle and hogs: feed is plenti-

ful and stock is looking well. Quite a

number of hogs dying with cholera.

W'heat $1.10; corn 65c; poultry 11c;

eggs 30c; butter 300.



Franklin Co., Dec. 28.—December

has been a stormy month and the tem-

perature has reached eight below

zero. About four inches of snow fell

the 20th and there has been some

rain and sleet. Ice is eight inches

thick and is being stored in the ice-

houses- Potatoes yielded between 75

and 100 bushels per acre, and not very

good quality. Beans are not grown in

quantities here. Corn made between

15 and 25 bushels per acre. Wheat is

in excellent condition, very little rye

is sown. The farmers have an abund-

ance of rough feed and plenty of oats

and some corn. There are very few

keeping stock for market. Nearly all

the hogs have been sold, or died, as

cholera has been quite prevalent here.

There is very little surplus grain; a

few held their wheat and are now

marketing it for $1.09 per bushel.

Corn 58c; oats 36c; hens 8c; eggs

28c; butter-fat 29c.





 





 





 





w‘u- .. A... -

X





m...
W..-“ A ,. .4

I





 





 





it may seem.





Proper soil manage-

ment will uncover it.

Our Special Crop

Bulletins tell how.





Write for your free

' copies today.





The Middle West Soil

Improvement Committee

of the

National Futilizer Association

913 Postal rm sis...



amnion u





 





 





 

   





 





UNI/[’0

(fUP/ij'





[JP/(TS





 

 





 

 

   

   

 

   

 





slice. ee catalog.





I’ll! mm INT”! (:0.

205Inoeorlee Bide" Clea . o.





   





 





 





 





2|





GENTS

1 .40

tree





A non

80-rod spool. Catalog .

3303. 80x11! lunch, Isl.





and Lawn Fenc us direct»





tron teeter! at money

saving rices. Ideal Gaiv.

BAII D WIII O





 





 





 





 





 





' Over 150 styles for





every p u r p cs e—hogs

sheep, poultry, rabbits. horses





«:43

ttle. Also lawn fence and ates.

a uni: m m . nu. some fem“

Write now tor new catalog and usurp e

WMFQIIWM- M,“ amus-





Michigan White Cedar





FENCE "POSTS





GEORGE M. CHANDLER. Onaway. mob.





 





WII'I‘E CEDAR FENCE POSTS—W‘il‘i'fl





Cedar Fence Posts, 7 ft.. 8 ft.. and 10 ft.. ion the

Special attention given to former club era. rite

tor price- and term. If. G, COWLEY. Osooda, Mich.





WANTED A" mlA. Whocan think otsimple



- thing to atent? Prot t

your ideas they may bring goo weali’h. Write or

‘Needed fuventions" and " ow to Get Your Patent

and Your Money." EA D l

ATTORNEYS, DEPT. 07,





IDEAS WANTED?.’3“§.$L§.°&“§¥$.?§3 .3321:





me. 3 books with list 200 inventions wanted sent





0 PK ..

WASHINGTON, D. 0.





 





 





free. Advice Free. I get patent or no fee.



R. B. OWEN. 1% Owen Bldg” Washington, D. 0.

RABBITS Our Present Specialties

TURKEYS Rush consignments forward

DUCKS by express. Prompt sales

GEESE grid quick returns assured

CIICKENS y our 26 years in one store.

H068 CHAS. W. llllllll8i80ll,





VEM, ETC. Commission Merchants, Detroit.





8|in your Hay to Pittsburgh anuio



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Pittsburgh. Pa.



Rot—any bank or Mercantile Agency.





Our 20 Years Experience.





ultr Calves. Pork. Wild Rabbits, Butter.



g‘;dylfdg genera Produce in this market should be



ofgvalne to on. Beetcgrlces. Honest treatment.

Niobium-r MMISSION co.



Eastern Hornet. 3-: Detroit. Michigan





54“ are yin flveto ei ht cents above



FARMER hiahesl flicla Detroit nrket quota-



tion for newlaifd essi‘lhlppfg defies: '30“ ”13:33:;

rm: on. w u.



guttigl’ng 55.3300" 31-33 Griswold t..Detrolt,Mich





BASH PAID 3.1"».ii5... ”W'iiiifiir





before selling elsewhere. CAMPBELL

$335800" 2415 Napoleon St.. Detroit. Mich





-More Money it on



“Es..."AY Consi n to TRE’E.



L. R! HMOND CO.



Molt. 21 years in business. Reference your Banker





BUY FEED-CAR LOT 0““





seed-—

1. i .~Gl ten to. Eye money. Ask

3303.31. £0533“: 30.. sh Mil . Jacheoéi gins.

‘ W I l 00 i i no .

Irlggt, FIIIlII" 00.. p.530??? °ill’aliliiliu 1:13!“ opp‘l:

potatoes. poultry and rabbits. Quick returns.





 





 





 





T H: E I-MII c H I

THE 18 THE FIRST EDITION.





In the first edition the Detroit Live

Stock Markets are reports of last





 





' week; all other markets are right up





to date. Thursday's Detroit Live Stock

markets are given in the last edition.

The first edition is mailed Thursday.





, the last edition Friday morning. The





first edition is mailed to those who

care more to get the paper early than

they do for Thursday’s Detroit Live

Stock market report. You may have

any edition desired. Subscribers may

change from one edition to another by

dropping us a card to that effect.





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Thursday's Market.

December 31, 1914.

Cattle.





Receipts 769. Market steady. Best

heavy steers $8@8.75; best handy

weight butcher steers $7@7.50; mixed

steers and heifers $6.75@7.25; handy

light butchers $6.50@7; light butch-

ers $5.50@6.25; best cows $5.75@6;

butcher cows $5@5.50; common cows

$4.25@4.75; canners $3@4; best heavy

bulls $6@6.50; bologna bulls $5.50@6;

stock bulls $4.50@5.

Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 2

canners av 800 at $4; to Kamman B.

Co. 2 steers av 1100 at $6.75, 6 cows

av 980 at $5.50, 9 butchers av 911 at

$6.25, 11 do av 830 at $6.85; to. Bres-

nahan 6 do av 600 at $6.35, 3 cows av

737 at $5.50, 9 steers av 733 at $6.25;

to Sullivan P. Co. 2 cows av 1080 at

$5.50, 7 do av 1040 at $5.35, 1 canner

weighing 800 at $4, 4 do av 855 at $4,

12 butchers av 835 at $6.25, 1 bull wgh

1570 at $6.50, 2 cows av 880 at $5.50;

to Parker, W. & Co. 24 butchers av

745 at $5; to Hammond, S. & Co. 3

cows av 840 at $4.25, 3 do av 1170 at

$5.50, 2 oxen av 1520 at $5.75, 6 butch-

ers av 666 at $6; to Newton B. Co. 11

COWS av 1037 at $5.35, 1 do wgh 1190

at $4.75, 1 do wgh 750 at $5, 1 bull

wgh 860 at $5.50, 18 butchers av 900

at $6.40; to Goose 9 COWS av 1060 at

$5.25; to Mason B. Co. 4 steers av

762 at $6.30: to Rattkowsky 4 cows

av 1017 at $5.30, 2 do av 885 at $4.50.



Haley & M. sold Sullivan P. Co. 2

steers av 985 at $6.75, 2 do av 900 at

$7, 2 do av 1210 at $8.25, 1 do wgh

1180 at $6.50, 5 cows av 1064 at $5.90,

1 bull wgh 1000 at $5.90, 1 do wgh

1000 at $6, 4 cows av 827 at $4.60; to

Goose 2 do av 900 at $4.50, 4 do av

1100 at $5.60, 2 bulls av 1035 at $6, 1

cow wgh 1200 at $5.50; to Sullivan P.

Co. 2 steers av 950 at $7.25; to Ratt‘

kowsky 1 cow wgh 1150 at $4.60, 7 do

av 1030 at $5.25, 4 do av 960 at $4.75,

2 do av 520 at $5.10, 4 do av 892 at

$4.75; to'Hammond, S. & Co. 3 cows

av 910 at $4, 2 butchers av 825 at

$6.25, 6 do av 708 at $6.10; to Thomp-

son Bros. 1 bull wgh 1750 at $6.75; to

Bresnahan 2 heifers av 615 at $6.



Sandal sold Kamman 3 butchers av

697“at $5.25; to Mason B. Co. 2 cows

av 1100 at $4.50: to Sullivan P. Go. 1

do wgh 970 at $5.75.



Veal Calves.





IReceipts 455. Market streng. Best

$9@9.50; others $6@8.50.



Haley & M. sold Thompson Bros. 8

av 175 at $9.25, 6 av 160 at $8.50; to

Parker, W. & Co. 7 av 155 at $9.50,

13 av 150 at $9, 2 av 125 at $8.50; to

Goose 3 av 180 at $8.50.



Spicer & R. sold Shaparo 1 wgh 170





 





 





T at $9.50, 5 av 125 at $8.75; to Parker,





W. & Co. 2 av 115 at $8; to Mich. B.

Co. 1 wgh 150 at$7.50.



Roe Com. C0. sold Sullivan P. Co.

6 av 165 at $9: to Rattkowsky 3 av

150 at $9, 8 av 160 at $8.25.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts 6,790. Market steady. Best

lambs $8@8.50; fair lambs $7@7.75;

light to common lambs $5.50@6.75;

fair to good sheep $4@4.75; culls and

common $3@8.50.



Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 25

sheep av 125 at $4.25, 18 do av 150 at

$4.75, 26 do av 90 at $4.50, 8 do av 100

at $3.50, 12 lambs av 75 at $7.25: to

Nagle P. Go. 89 do av 75 at $8, 45 do

av 82 at $8, 12 sheep av 115 at $5. 26

lambs av 95 at $8.10, 132 do av 83 at

$8, 87 do av 85 at $8; to Barlage 21

do av 83 at $7.75, 27 do av 75 at $7.25.



Johnson sold Sullivan P. Co. 8

lambs av 90 at $7.60.



Spicer & R. sold Parker, W. & Co.

65 lambs av 80 at $8.25: to Sullivan

P. Cd. 60 do av 85 at $8.10; to Shaparo

8 sheep av 120 at $4.50; toThompson

Bros. 87 do av 100 at $4.40, 25 lambs

av 55 at $7; to Parker, W. & Co. 5

do av 51 at $6.50; to Thompson Bros.

66 do av 60 at $7.121/2; to Fitzpatrick

Bros. 17 do av 55 at $6.75, 33 sheep

av 125 at $4.50: to Nagle P. Co. 32

do av 115 at $4.60, 15 lambs av 55 at

$7, 67 do av 85 at $8.25.





Hogs.



Receipts, 14,283. None sold up to

noon; prospects 5c higher, $6.95@7.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S.

& Co. 2500 av 200 at $6.90.

Haley & M. sold Parker, W. & Co.

450 av 200 at $6.90.



Spicer & R. sold same 510 av 200





at 6.90.

I: om. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co.





 





06 C

750 av 200 at $6.90. ’





GAN FARM ER





Friday’s Market.

January 1, 1915.





Cattle.



Receipts this week 855; last week

752; market dull. Best heavy steers

$8@8.75; best handy weight butcher

steers ”€7.50; mixed steers and heif-

ers $6.75@7.25; handy light butchers

$6.50@7; light butchers $5.50@6.25;

best cows $5.75@6; butcher cows $5

@550; common cows $4.25@4.75; can‘

ners $3@4; best heavy bulls “@650;

bologna bulls $5.50@6; stock bulls





$4.50@5.

Veal Calves.



Receipts this week 492; last week

361; market steady. Best $9@9.50;

others $6@8.50.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this~week 7,517; last week

5,068; market steady. Best lambs $8

&8.25; fair lambs $7@7.75: light to

common lambs $5.50@6.75; fair to

good sheep $4@4.75; culls and com-

mon $2.50@3.50.





Hogs.

Receipts this week 15,878; last week

11,643; market 10c higher; all grades

7.00.





Eye





3. 'Illllllllllllllllfllllflllllllllllllllflllllllllllllllllllllllllilillllllllllllllllllliillllilllllllllllllllilllili"MILE





_ Veterinary. a





ll





film”|IllllllIlillllllllllliliillllllllllllllllllilllllllliilllllllllllllllllilllllllllllfllilllllllllll|Illlillilfi

CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.





Advice through this department is

free to our subscribers. Each com-

munication should state history and

symptoms of the case in full; also

name and address of writer. Initials

only will be published. Many quer-

ies are answered that apply to the

same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably

find the desired information in a re-

ply that has been made to someone

else. When reply by mail is request-

ed. it becomes private practice, and a

fee of $1.00 must accompany letter.





Loss of Appetite.—~My hogs appear

to have an appetite for swill and slop.

but very little for grain. Our local

Vet. told me to feed iron sulphate one

teaspoonful to every 100 pounds of

weight of hogs, and a teaspoonful of

sulphur daily for five days, but this

has not helped them. J. 8., Blissfield.

Mich—Mix one part powdered sul-

phate iron, one part salt, two parts of

ginger, four parts ground gentian to-

gether and give each full grown hog a

teaspoonful at a dose in feed once or

twice a day. If they have many worms

give 1,4 oz. of equal parts of fluid ex-

tract spigclia and fluid extract of sen-

na daily for a few days. _



Loss of Appetite—Looseness of

Boweis.—I am anxious to know what

ails my cows; they appear dumpisli,

refuse to eat but little sweet bran or

nice bright ensilage. Their excrement

is black and they are quite thirsty.

C. N. B., Lake Ann, Mich.——Give each

of your cows 1/2 oz. hypo-sulphite of

soda and 1,5 oz. of ground gentian at

a dose, either in feed or as a drench

in water three times a day. For your

mare that is troubled with looseness

of bowels, give her 1,6 oz. ground gin-

ger, 2 drs. of ground cinnamon and 1

dr. of ground fenugreek at a dose in

feed three times a day. Change her

feed.



Injured Shin—I have a. colt seven

months old who injured shin when

cast; local Vet. applied remedies

which partially healed wound, but a

gathering takes place similar to .an

abscess, pipes formed, Vet. cut leg op-

en, scraped bone and removed pipes,

then leg healed fairly well, but it is

now swelling again and I think will

break. She is not lame, but I would

like to heal this wound. D. 8., Big

Rapids, Mich..—When leg was injured

wound was perhaps infected, cover-

ing of bone injured, and possibly air

affected bone, causing it to become

slightly diseased. Your Vet. did the

right thing and it will be no mistake

to continue his treatment. Apply one

part iodoform and nine parts boracic

acid, covering sore with oakum and a

bandage. The colt should be kept in

a clean place, free from foul odors.



Lice on Cattle.——I would like to





llllll‘lililllllllllllllllll





illlilllllllllllllllllllll





 





 





4 know what will kill sparrow lice on





cattle. F. H., Ceresco, Mich—Apply

One part coal tar disinfectant and 19

parts lard once a day; or apply Per-

sian insect powder every two or three

days. You had better select one of

the commercial coal tar disinfectants

that are regularly advertised in this

paper, for they are reliable.



Cow-pox-«The lower part of bag

and teats of my cow are covered with

blisters which later on form a dry

scab, but they do not seem to be deep.



. L., Port Huron, Mich.—-Apply onei

part oxide of zinc and four parts vas-

eline to sores ond give each cow 176

oz. of hypo-sulphite of soda at a dose

twice a day.



Solidifled Bursal Bunches—I have

a mule that is ten years old which has

wind sells on both hind legs, causing

soreness and lameness. H. N., Clarke-

ton, Mich—Apply one part red iodide





19".‘51 ‘;





 

 

   

   

 

   

 





Your Hams

and Meats





“OK In the





EH2, Smoke louse





 

 





 





We. to I been. Requires only

a hm'cor: coho. be. sawdust and anti. “$711,211.“

or . and spool. 0n -

dodinhehcuse, ”chores: commonplace.





 





 

 

 

 





 

 





I . suM‘lly

inn-"55"”: Home? a "m - n...

is naec roo - n cmn

um as egore E for men 4 t° 38 Home

cu 2. Has gloss ln door.





 

 

   

 





 

 





BARGAIN

Th U -to.Date Smoke House is so

on: anp improvement o'er e old- PRICES

eshioncd method as the kitchen arise m ALI. sill.





in over the old fire place for cook





I

Bend for folder which ictum and &-

ecribeanileizee. AddgeuDe t. E alarINIeCd





D

WRENCH! C0" 5533 3. slate Street, CHICAGO





 

 

   

 





 





   





 





—-!2 each. 3 for 85. large, farm

am Back cNkWUld raised,from bred to lay stock.

order now Egg—A-Day Poulterards.BZ,()oresco.Mich. '



—A capable. experienced farmer. to

wanted rent on equal shares 320-acre farm.

One mile from two railroad centers, or will sell

farm. For particulars address Box 304, Vassar, Mich,





to hear from owner of good farm

for sale. Send cash price and

F. BUSH Minn.





Wanted





description. D. Minneapolis,





 





WANTED. to buy a farm 0! TO to 100 acres. Near Saginaw

‘ or Deli-mt, from owners only. give full particulars. lowest

price In firstleiier. Ed. Pelee. 874 Fiiirview Avo , I)ei.roit.Mlch_





 





Elegant inside finish,

New Modcrn 7 Room House. .11 ”no... 0... no...

barn, garage. large ieco land. all kinds fruit. 80 rods

from Central State urinal School. will trade for goo-SI

farm land. William J. Cooper. Mt. Pleasant. Mich.





FARMS Alli] FARM [AIDS

Hill SALE 0H EXflHANfiE ,





, .

Good Farms Around Liming,,:£3.,‘i‘;“.§5%2€l§£

J. D. TOWAR, East Lansing, Micgigun.





 





 





iwil





 





 





‘ ' ‘ —800 acres excellent grazing

Ll" SlOCk Proponlion Will lease on share increase

100 acres plow land. Write Postmaster, Fox Islands, Mich





MICHIGAN FARMING LANDS





Near Saginaw and'Bey City. in Gladwin and Midland

Counties. Low prices: Eas terms: Oleartltle. Write

for maps and articulate, ’l‘AFFELD BROTHERS,

l5 Merrill Bu ldina, Saginaw. (W. 8.). Michigan.





FOR SALE—In whole or part. 320 acre

’ . . southern Michigan farm.

Good sml, buildings and fences. Immediate pmenlon.

(l. S. SUHAIliEli, 214 Dewey Ave.. Swissvaie. Pu.





h .

Old People Must Sell gnfi"d’;‘;§3p§f:_djg’jggfi





keeps 2 cows and one horse and poultry. A nice home,

only $1200. Easy terms. Close to church. store. school

mill. Hull’s Il‘arm Agency. Owego, Tioga 00., N Y





 





 





 





WANTED to hear of good farm or unimproved land

for sale. Send description and price.

Northwestern Business Agency, Mlnnapolis. Minn,





—E . ll '-

280-lore Slocli Farm for Rent “0:52;"; ”£3282.

with little means. Address Lock Box 58. Allegan,Micb.





THE SOUTH oilers unequalled oppofgunities for





 





 





_ farmers, with its mi climate.

ample rainfall, two to four crops a your. rent possi-

bilities in live stock, dairylng and food crops. low





cost. lands and good markets. Let me send ou in.

formation. M. V. RICHARDS. Ind. i2 Ain't. minis.

sinner. Room 78. Southern Railway, Washington, l).C.





Choice land frontin Lake Huron

Farm OI 18" ‘cres in Sanilac 00. Has large barns,

lbarn 40x70_with cement basement floors and mangi-rs.

has 20x40 Win With dairy mom in connection. other

burn 40x60. ne 9 room dwelling in good condition all

painted._ One 6 room tennment house. Home has

pneumatic water system in house & barn. Nice orchard.

young orchard coming on. 100 grape vines in bearing.

Vi iii bear the closest investigation. Reasons for selling

semi; into business. Wm. Wagner. Foreetville, Mich.





FARM GOOD, CHEAP,





9 PROFITABLE





UNUSUAL OPPORTI'NITIES NOW.





State Board of Agriculture, Dover, Del.





 





 





 





Colorado Lands II—





can be bought at reasonable, prices.

There 13 ion in plenty in the shallow

water district. Lends irrigated, nou-

irrigated and sub-irrigated. All near

the railroads and handy to good mor-

kets. The cross you can raise are

many: Sugar beets. potatoes. fruit. wheat.

oats, corn. etc, as well as alfalfa and

other forage crops.

For free information regarding these

lands and glorious climate, write today.

‘ Also ask for tree literature and information

regarding cheap state lands.





R. A. SMITH.

Colonization and Industrial Agrnt. Union

Pacific





R. R. (30.. Room 382i, Union

Pacific Bldg.





 





 





mercury, one part powdered another-

idea and eight parts lard.





   





OMAHA. NBB.
52-—20





THE MICHIGAN FARME'R





JAN. 9. 1915.





 





WOONSOCK ET





@ELEPHANT HEAD‘3,)





6R U BBER BOOTS»





Farmers Are Healthy Men—Why?





A famous physician was recently asked why farmers lived





longer than city men. In reply





he said, “Of course an outdoor





life is healthful, but I believe one of the reasons why farmers

are long-lived and healthy is because they keep their feet dry.





The surest and cheapest way

ELEPHANT HEAD RUBBER BOOTS.





to keep your feet dry 18 to wear

They are made of pure- gum





rubber, selected duck, reinforced at every seam and joint and





lined with soft, warm wool.





They cost less because they last longer.

'All the better dealers sell ELEPHANT HEAD RUBBER Boo‘rs.





{You can depend on anything you





buy in the stores that have them.





WOONSOCKET RUBBER CO” Woonaocket, R. l.





 





 





 





 





 





BEST FOR THE READER





THEREFORE

BEST FOR THE ADVERTISER





Ohio Farmer,





Cleveland. Ohio,

(Rate 60¢ per line )





Michigan Farmer,





Detroit, Mich.

(Rate 400 per line.)





Pennsylvania Farmer

Philadelphia. Pa.

Rate 250 per line.)



indiana Farmer,

Indianapolis, Ind.

The Progressive

Farmer

Birminlham—Ralel {h

Dallas—Memph is.

Breeder’s Gazette.





98,558 .60 .60

Chicago, Ill.

Prairie Farmer





100,000 .50 .50

Chicago.





Hoard’s Dairyman, 67,820 .40 .40

Ft. Atkinson. Wis.

Wisconsin agri-

culturalist, 63,454 .30 .30

Racine, Wis.

The Farmer, 140,855 .60 .55

St. Paul, Minn.





Wallace’s Farmer,

Des Moines, la.

Kansas Farmer,

Topeka, Ken.

Oklahoma Farm

Journal,

Oklahoma, Okla.





——





1,151,917 85. 52% $5. 47}

These publications are conceded to be the

authoritative farm papers of their individual

il.eids For further information address

GEORGE W. HERBERT. Inc.

Western Representative. Advertising Bldg...

CHICAGO ILL.





WALLACE C. RICHARDSON. Inc.

Eastern Representative. 41 Park Row,

NEW YORK CITY.





Guaranteed One 1,000

Circulation Line Lines





256,861 $1.12.} $1.12;





 





57,101 .25 .25





174,121 .80 .80





80,000 .40 .40

61,253 .30 .30





51,894 .25 .25





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





The Michigan Farmer One 1...-

lhe New York (3......) World onum





Both for only $1.20.



The New York World comes to you three times

each week thus giving you practically a New

York daily. The New York World is unexoellee

as a newspaper and will keep you posted on thd

new not the world. Send all orders to



THE MICHIGAN FARMER. Detroit. Mich.





 





 





. eat

birds eat bugs—the

Farm Journal is the





best friend the birds





have.





Bugs ‘ crops—





Crop losses from insects run into millions every

year. If it were not for the birds these losses

would be billions. In Massachusetts alone birds

eat 21,000 bushels of bugs per day.



The Farm Journal, America' s leading farm paper,

originated and is the official organ of the Liberty

Bell Bird Club—190, 000 members, who are helping

save those millions of crop losses. You can get





the Farm Journal 5 years for $1. Money back

any time you ask for it.





The Farm Journal





182 Washington Square. Philadelphia





Onlu $2D0wn





 





 





OneYearTo Pagig .





now an 1.. If

the Famolis EMU”





visiblet writer. aran



Thish wond’di'eful machigdlwlll do nnythoiyeare that

hundred dollar machine will do an more

be,sutlful even work. Aim most impossible to et out



of order. You save buying direct from the {am

For only 32 down we wi l sen ter on approval for



10 DAYS’IREE TRIAL or i



th 1 at the rate on

Eofigsgngiyfuffigi: rigid lgrmcfi' not pleases! at on 05313



rn e on a our expense on every

yo?pli'3u§':1nbem un.ded You enorlsk. "m”



FREEl—Leatherette Carrying Case





nu loc d tri lel sent to those web

:mrbpromptlyh when 1%‘53' for Free Catalog Folder.





Coleslaw: Writing Machine Co. .. £32 hush-1n, III.





a , $12,993.00

/,. .7 ' Hensler a 2:0! SAW





Portable Wood

This is the cheapest saw made.

Only .1 90 saw frame to which

n ripping table can be added

Guaranteed l your. money re-

funded and all charges paid if not

. satisfactory. Write for cat-lot.





 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





—Doeeb





 





 





 





 





“that”, Insa- Isles-e. h.





 





«acorn 311'». am also 3114 on

mine. (Also make 10 sizes of bait mills)

I‘ll-Booklet 011‘?“ Id

0.".Iewelser c... m Iend. bd-





 





Practical





E

El





FRUIT HYGIENE.





 





BY FLOYD w. ROBISON.



One great difference in the method

of preparing food by civilized people

and savages consists in the cooking

of foods. Most of the food eaten by

civilized man is modified by varying

processes of cooking. Certain foods





cepted opinion as shown by public

custom, concedes a marked improve-

ment in most food products due to

cooking. The purpose of cooking and

What is accomplished by cooking, do

not seem to have necessarily followed

each other. Without doubt the main

purposes in cooking food have been to

improve its palatability and at the

same time possibly to increase its

adaptability to different individuals.

Cooking of Food 3 Necessity.



Certain types of foods are almost

wholly inedible unless cooked. Pota-

toes, for example, a comparatively

modern food, are not considered edi‘

ble unless cooked. The reason for the

cooking of potatoes, therefore, has

been the rendering of the product edi-

ble. Just what is accomplished by

cooking may explain why cooked po-

tatoes are more edible than are raw

ones, but the reason for these things

was not at all apparent undoubtedly,

at the time it was found desirable to

cook potatoes for food.



Animals Can Eat Foods Raw.



Domestic animals can assimilate p0

tatoes without great difficulty, even

when they are raw, an accomplish-

ment in a large measure denied to

man, because of the difference in his

physiological make. The intestinal

canal of domestic animals is much

longer and the digestive treatment

more severe than in the case of man.

Consequently it is desirable in pre-

paring for food for man the same

classes of food products that are used

for domestic animals, to give to the

digestive apparatus of the man some

handicap, which is accomplished by a

preliminary treatment, as in the cook-

ing of the food. This has been en-

larged upon to a remarkable degree in

the last decade through the introduc-

tion of foods in which the preliminary

treatment has been carried even be-

yond that of cooking. For instance,

in certain types of breakfast foods, 3.

malting or digesting process has tak-

en place in the food factory and in

this way the processes of digestion in

the body are even more facilitated. It

is questionable, however, if it is desir-

able to extend any further than is

necessary this preliminary treatment

and therefore, particularly with robust

and healthy individuals, if the food

products may be prepared by a proper

cooking in such a way as to render

accessible to the digestive juices the

various food nutrients contained in

the food, it is ample and, indeed, pre-

ferable to the use of the so-oalled, but





incorrectly so-called, pre-digested

foods.

Cooking'of Food Breaks Down the

Fiber Wall.





In the cooking of foods, and in this

respect fruits likewise, the most de-

sirable thing accomplished undoflbted-

ly is the breaking down of the cellular

structure of the fruit. The fruit pro-

toplasm is encased within a cellulose

wall and if the fruit nutrients yield

themselves up to the digestive juices

of the body this cellular encasement

must be broken down or dissolved. In

some individuals the power of attack

of the digestive juices towards this

structure seems to be very limited. Of

a consequence these individuals find

difficulty in the eating of raw fruit.

Cooking, however, ruptures the cellu-

lose wall either by heat expansion or





 





by dissolving, and in this way exposes





gill!'IlillIlllllllIlllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllll|lIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllll|IllllIlllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll.llilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllilllllllllllllllHHlllllll511





are eaten raw, but the generally ac:





Science.





=

=

5

==

ma

' E

=

E

E

E

E





IllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllIIllllllllllllllllllllllllll' lllllllllllllllllllll IlllllllillIlllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllilllllllllHllll|illll|llllllll|llllllIlllllll|||Illllllllllllllllllllllllfi





the inner contents to the direct attack

of the digestive juices. ,Chemically

the cooking of fruit usually is accom-

panied by a loss of moisture and like-

wise, at the same time, a. loss of nutri-

ent matters, but in most fruits the

cooking juices are retained or set

aside as an added dish, and are thus

utilized so that there is no waste in

this particular. '

Fruits Contain Much Acid.



Most fruits contain a. considerable

amount of organic acid. For instance,

apples contain varying quantities of

malic acid, which is the characteristic

acid of apples. Currants and goose-

berries, likewise, contain considerable

quantities of this organic acid. Lem-

ons, oranges, grapefruit, grapes, etc.,

contain considerable amounts of such

acids as tartaric acid, citric acid, etc.

Why Cooked Fruit is More Sour than



Raw.



A very common observation, and our-

iously enough, an observation which

has never been explained in a wholly

satisfactory way, is the fact that while

raw fruits may be palatable because

of a not excessive acidity, when these

same fruits are cooked it becomes nec-

essary to add sugar to them before

they can be eaten. Let us take a

well-known example, plums. Plums,

when ripe, are a delicious article of

food eaten raw. These same plums,

however, cooked are so sour that they

can scarcely be eaten without the ad-

dition of sugar, and it has been sup-

posed that the cooking of plums in-

creases the acid content. Scientifical-

ly it has not been easy to understand

why this could be. It would be much

easier to suppose that the cooking of

fruit decreases acidity than that it in-

cwases it, were it not for the fact

that the common observation indi-

cates that the acidity has been in-

creased, at least comparatively. Some

experimenters have undertaken to as-

certain if there has been an actual in-

crease in acid, and it has been found

that the cooking of fruit does not in-

crease the acidity. One experimenter

claims that the increased acid flavor

is due to the fact that cooked fruit us-

ually contains the skin, which is com-

monly rejected if the fruit is eaten

raw, and as an instance he cites





plums, gooseberries and Currants.

While we believe that a. certain

amount of acid substance exists





around the fruit inside of the skin, at

the same time it seems that the great-

est amount of sugar is also present at

these places, and in our experience'we

are not familiar with the removal of

the skin from gooseberries and cur-

rants when they are eaten raw.



A good many of the fruits contain

cane sugar, or sucrose, which is one

of the sweetest sugars we have, and

when the fruit is eaten raw the taste

of the cane sugar, or sucrose, is quite

pronounced, and has the effect of

counteracting a considerable quantity

of acid. When the fruit is cooked,

however, due to the organic acid pres-

ent in the fruit, most, if not quite all,

of this cane sugar becomes inverted,

that is, changed to invert sugar, and

is not then so sweet. In our judge-

ment this is the reason why cooked

fruits are so much more sour than

raw fruits, not because there is a

greater content of acid present but be-

cause there is a much smaller quantity

of cane sugar present.





CATALOG N0 TICE.





 





“Deming Sprayers for Perfect

Fruit,” is the title of the 1915 catalog

published by the Deming Company, of

Salem, Ohio, manufacturers of hand

and power pumps for all uses. This is

a profusely illustratedz' catalog of 44

pages describing a large line of. spray-

ing equipment, pumps, etc. Write for

a copy, mentioning the Michigan

Farmer.





“. f; .3153“? .. 25...: 3





I

VJ
“f; we???“ 9;. :





 





 





1mc‘: 1915‘.





MWIlllllllllllllllll|Illllllillll|lllllllllllllllllllI|llllllllllllillllllllllllllll|lllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllHllllllllllliiilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHlHlWlflllfllllfllmlflmflllmflWflllWllllfllg .





Millllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





Poultry and Bees.





'1‘ H is M1 (2 H 190.1 N 'FlA‘i'R M E R





'Hlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





fillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllfillllllllllmlllllllmlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllF





State Beekeepers Meet.





HE annual meeting of the Michi-

gan Affiliated Bee-keepers' Asso-

ciation was held in the Ento-



mology Building of the Michigan Ag-

ricultural College, East Lansing, on

Wednesday and Thursday, December

9-10. President Morse, after welcom-

ing the beekeepers to the convention,

spoke of the necessity of awakening

the Michigan beekeepers’ interest in

the work of, the association.



Mr. David Running, of Filion, Mich.,

entertained the meeting with a valu-

able address on “Our Apiaries and the

Production of Extracted Honey in

Huron County.” The speaked stated

that where one was keeping more

than a hundred colonies and was de-

pending on the nectar from one source

alone, as from clover, then it paid well

to establish outyards, with from fifty

to a hundred colonies in one location.





 





-From his own experience he stated





that even when the extra expense of

travel and maintenance of the out-

yards, was taken into consideration

the increased crops more than over-

balanced the extra outlay.



Outyards Profitable.



Mr. Running stated that he had no

trouble in getting a location for his

bees, as the farmers in his locality ap-

preciated the immense good the bees

do in pollenizing the clover blossoms

and so increasing the yield of seed,

knowing this, the farmers welcomed

an apiary on their farm. The bees

are moved to the outyards in the

spring of the year, just as soon as the

roads are good, usually about the time

dandelions are in bloom.



Conditions there call for treatment

quite different from that in Michi~

gan. Bees fly nearly every day of the

year and gather pollen almost every

month of the year, with a little nec-

tar coming in sometimes during the

winter months. The spring flow of

nectar commences in February and

continues, with intermissions, from

that time until the main flow closes in

August or September.



The sources of nectar are many, in-

cluding fruit bloom, willow, muska-

dine, wildgrape, cottonwood and oth-

er honey producing plants.



The president next called on Mr.

Frank Pease, Marshall, Mich., whose

topic was, “Living in the North and

Keeping Bees in the South."



Usually, beekkeepers live in the

south and keep bees in the north, but

Mr. Pease lives in the north in win-

ter and keeps bees in the south in

summer. The southern yard is situate

ed in Louisiana and Mr. Pease gave a

very interesting account of beekeep-

ing in that part of the country.



While the address of Mr. Pease was

very enjoyable, most of the Michigan

beekeepers seemed to be satisfied that

the Wolverine state offered more at-

tractive conditions than those enjoyed

farther south.



Beekeeping to Become a Specialty.



“The Future of Beekeeping" was the

next subject. Mr. E. D. Townsend, of

North Star, Mich, is running about

eleven hundred colonies at the present

time and with almost forty years’ ex

perience in beekeeping, the conven-

tion listened with much interest when

he took up his subject.



Mr. Townsend believes that the fu-

ture will see fewer beekeepers but

more colonies kept. Beekeeping will

enter the field of specialties and one

will have to specialize and keep many

colonies in order to successfully com-

pete with others and to assure a live-

lihood for himself and family.



A discussion of bee cellars was led

by Mr. L. Griggs, of Flint, Mich. The

speaker stated that he was building

two bee cellars and wanted to get as





much information as possible, on their

correct construction, from the bee-

keepers present.



(Continued next week).





 





A HATCH EVERY MONTH.





 





A farmer of. my acquaintance who is

engaged in the poultry business in a

small way, has an excellent method,

which, it seems to me, is well worthy

of being followed by many others in

these times of high meat prices. This

man is not keeping hens with a view

to bringing in cash, but solely with

the purpose of providing eggs and

poultry for the table. It may be at

times that he sells a small surplus.

His plan is to hatch out chicks at all

seasons, planning them as one would

a succession of garden vegetables. For

instance, if he were starting in the

spring, he would hatch one or two

flocks practically every month of the

year. By having this constant succes-

sion of pullets reaching the laying

age, a goodly supply of eggs is always

available. Under this plan he can de-

pend entirely upon hens for hatching,

as he keeps nothing but R. I. Reds,

which are excellent mothers. He also

has a. broiler or roaster ready at hand

for the table at all seasons.



Rate More Serious than Vermin in



Winter.



In order to insure success with

chicks batched in the coldest weather,

warm, sheltered quarters are absolute-

ly necessary. It is also necessary to

set the hen where the eggs will be

free from drafts of cold air. A corner

of the poultry house may be fitted up

for setting hens and the newly-hatch-

ed chicks that will insure a fair hatch

and keep the young birds comfortable.

Lice and vermin will not trouble in

winter but it will be necessary to keep

a sharp eye out for rats. These pests

seem worse in winter, as much of

their regular food supply is cut off by

the cold. On the whole, however, I

do not think it more of a task to raise

winter chicks than summer ones. The

extra work necessary to keep them

warm is offset by insect pests and dis-

eases which have to be fought in sum-

mer but from which they are prac-

tically free in winter.



It is possible to do a poultry busi-

ness of this kind without artificial

hatching or brooding, but if one were

to launch out on a considerable scale

incubators are necessary. I have nev-

er seen a flock of hens that would pro

duce sitters when they were most

wanted,-and it is important to hatch

out the chicks at just the right time if

one is in the business for the greatest

profits. Winter layers of Beds, Rocks

and Wyandottes should be batched in

April. Later ones do not commence

laying until the severely cold weather

comes on and then they are apt to

produce only in a desultory and unsat«

isfactory manner. Good winter layers

should get down to work before the

cold becomes severe. In order to pro-

duce many of them it is necessary to

have an incubator, as, my experience

has \been, that hens do not become

broody, except in infrequent cases, un-

til the middle of April.



Incubators Necessary for Larger



Hatchings.



During the summer, fall and winter

the old hen is all right for hatching,

but if one cares to get a flock of a

hundred or more of the same age, it

takes rather too many of the layers

away from duty. Again, the artificial

method becomes almost indispensible.

In short, a small, all-the—year business

can be carried on successfully with

the aid of the setting hen, but the

more extensive attempt requires the

incubator and broader.



New Hamp. C. H. CnnsLnr.





 





 





 





for Big





new heating p





Generator. The





Special





hatch.

X-Ray Auto-

matic Trip-

the X- -Ray

Regulator an



matically oper-

ate. it to shot

of! ore let on





amt” size 1for the

m0!





tomount

eat. X- Ray

Hinged Glos-





Rag/“ma-



terialx and



fiend or boo

.2 adds-



X-IAY



INCUBATOR



MA



I)”



Mom



low.





 





 





 





 





Moist Heat





THE only possible way to get

erfect hatches is to have

t





11 right heat.

Incubator with its wonderful





natural moist radiation

the heat under the mot er hen.

No other machine has it.

other machine can use It.





X- RAY

Radiator and

Vapor GeneratOr





When the heat enters the :82

chamber it strikes the X— Ray Vapor





the X-Ray Radiator which carries it

to the farthest corners. Every ray of

heat must pass through this mild

vapor before it reaches the eggs and

new egg gets its share alike.





Fifteen New





We now have ready the finest

Illustrated and most completely de-

scriptive incubator catalog we ever

published. Send fora copy. It is free.



tells all about the exclusive X- Ray

features. TheX— ”Rafi Central Heating

Plant—saves 75c to p

02'! Tank ream”: only one filling to

The X Ra}; Egg- Tray leaves

entire space aval





Hatches





The X-Ray





rinciple produces

'ust like





No





heat then passes to





Features





er hatch. Big





 





 





 





 





able for eggs. The





l





A“!





 





 





 





 





'l

t

'6'

K

1'

l _ f

“:74 ' «T . .

‘ A \‘r. a u .1: .

I r" 1

Onlynefllhg.

ally one nllon PR

oilto ' PREPAID





 





   

   

   

   

   

 

 





 





 





3W1 WINS





atoll-mgr} eon-1 $ 1 0





. en

7‘ 1111111192'21.:I'1'kuwa e11

. J}: roe 13':1:alogr11e.ml





Icon“ later 00.

”.m. (3)





 





ln 2 Biggest

HATCHING





fig CONTESTS

Ever Held





“mm: 111

antes. '. d





 





111.com 111111211133





Mn.





Halton om.Vernon,Ind..





reports two 100% hatches from

her old reliable Progressive





Incubator.





Only incubator





with double wall: and hun-

dred! of dead nit cells. All wood parts





00‘ .





Alice: up ready to use. No





I

y. )iwonoys backguarantee.





TPRICE YET





and ventilating—copper holler—-

”Pasteurh lamp, egg tester, 2 doors

mom-opal an ockloe





335:; 1:4 g”Decoder





 





 





on”. Keep heallhv lowh





'0'“ ll "Ill“;

A l D ‘ nave yo

loot lulu In" Describes





ply eon DhM Shaw





aw: lowh in neutral colors,- how"

to feed for ans-.11” to select best layers. Mailed

n... r. 'ov. h... In ”,0 a mu. love





Slnrl small. Grow

IO. Gel winter





 

 

 





ur ducks. For. Mg

largest poultry and





 





 





21—53:: :1:





S .25 Maukalo Incubator





You .0111an buy but. oi

"onetime time- the wise.

Mm“ nod





Ml”





 





 





 

 





 

 





wu- Thenwotohmulb.1’hore'enobette

.~ grilt—no bettereg gulg makePnobetter

' heal th food for all poultry than





PEARL GRIT





It makes shells, makes one, makes feathers.

1' It serves a double purpose. Sand for prices

and our new ulnahle poultry booklet.



THE OHIO MARE.le 00.,

ll 8. Cleveland 8t... Pl 0”“





   

   

   

   

   





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





World’s Champions





3 more championships won by owners of Belle

ity hatching flak“





Belle City





21 Time '0“!

Free Book

Facts" tells whole story.

My one field fillers com with

Free Inl-floney- Jack Guaranty latching ,

outfit shown In actual colon. Ji- PM '

Balls City Incubator con '0' 14





l- .1 «teal-111111111

~- 1 .





 





loan Int

Racine. We.





 





 

 

 





‘;7'7‘ Crown Bone Cutter





 

 





FEED your hone out green BEE" ’ “’

bone and so more eggs. , 0‘“ ’

With aCrown no Cutter in Price





you can cut up all scrap bones

easily and quickly. and without any trouble. and have cut bone

fr sh rv do for- vour ponltrv. nd at once or rec MhloAg'



1.'§N has so: all. EA STON. ‘





 





 





Michigan Livestock Insurance 00.

61111111 Stock—$100 000. Surplus—$100. 000

Home Dillon—Charlotte, Michigan.





Only Home 00., in Michigan.





COLON C. LlLLll-Z President.

H. .l. WELD, -:- Secretory-Treasurer.





 





 





 





101111111 11111 glass 3.; "





all you want to know aboutd care and





management of paultry for pleasure or





ro.flt Four months for 10 cents.





ounrav ADVOCATE Dept. 117 Syracuse 11.1. "





 





 





L H r m

POULTRY.

BABBIED PLYIOIITII ROGKS

"Hoosre St.rain' builshedl 1892





Winner 01 1] first prizes at EOhicago. Cincinnati and

Indianapo is in two y.ears 300 fine ookerels, some

good cook bi rda, hens and pallets in any number. All

r01 nl Prices reasonable.

covet, R.7.Matthewe.1nd.





 





stock shipped subject to 11

Write your wants. G.





 





MAMMOTH Bronze Turkeys and Toulouse Geese

Barred Rock (‘ockerels. Reg. Berkshires. both

sex. OHASE'SSTOOK FARM, It. I, Mariette, Mich.





Mammoth Bronze Turkeys"“§‘m’:°‘ “”1

Hens $4.00 COLLAR Bros” Coopersville, Michigan.





While Holland Turkeys, H,§;.§2:‘8:§§°,’°"'n





Leghorn Oockerels, Indian Runner Ducks. Iglucose will

plea-e you. Biverview Farm. R. No. 8. Venn, Mich.





Min and White Indian Runner Ducks‘filfigfi :33

plenseyou. H. V Hostetler. Route]. St. Johns, Mich





 





 





cthkS' We shipthousands, dinerenc Varieties, prices

- I’llht order now for sprin delivery free

booklet. reeport Hatchery, Box 12. reeport, Mich.





 





—0hickens, ducks, geese. turkeys. guineas.

65 Infils baron and dogs. Stock and eggs reasonable.

Clo-page catelogfree. H. A. SOUDER, Box 50, Sellersville, Pa.





 





geese. ‘i

l-‘owls, eggs. incubators at lowost prices. j

.Webu. lo: .14. Monk-Io. Minn.





50 Leading Brood. pure bred chickens. ducks,

turkeys.

Catalog 20. W.





 





 





both some from 12 lb Fl t Chi

Bufi ROCkS, och. ock rels é: up rs Hens-10:53





 





pulletefl up. 8 RD LA N ARM. Lawrence. Mich. .i





“Inc &s- ofiemn





tors. ”Satisfy customer-11'





Rhode Island Red Cooker-ole: also eggs in

trons birds from good 3110-88

.Jennio Buell. Ann Arbor Mich. ‘





IllillEll "00K OOGKEIELS’galiiM‘ 13.3 i‘ifié’gil





'WinnerstorIO years. J. A. Barnum, Union Oity.Mich. 1





 





 





A fine bunch of R. and 8. Comb 11.1.1101! cookers):

for sale. very reasonable. Also Buff ()rpiugton and

White Runner Drakes. O. E. Howley. R.No.8, Lndington,Mlch.





 





lLVER LACED GOLDEN and WHITE WYANDOTTES—A fine

lot of White cockerols weighing 6 to 8 lbs. at $2 and ca

Browning's Wynndotte Form, Portland, Michigan.





—-L 1

11111111 11111 1111111: 1111ch .3115. assists





two for $5 Bred for beauty and business. vglrdfi





rom this . E2 age in



ARM. Box 798. Union Cinty. MilchiEgan.

:‘HTEn "Go‘s—PultlftsrcandfCOermls' $2 and :3

01.101... W. 0 0.1131231. 11. 5‘21 fitiiéfibfiilfid‘flfiz‘i’

Willie Leghorn: Day-Old-llhicks. 3173335351235262





nation to H our customers. MA LE IT

a8UL'I‘RY SLANT. 801 C. Charlotte, Michigany.





PIIE CREST WHITE Olll’llllilOllSTfyléiag’ii‘lflx-‘ltfil





1111-, ulle oockerels, hens, also colli 1

“Ha 011333.111” Crest Farm Royal dsllll’m. 68





=:J





 





 





 





 





 





DOGS AND FERRETS.





lninodllcnulng Fox lloundrmgg" 3,3,93,0- honng

Stfimli- W E. LECKY. Holmeovillc, Ohio





2000 Ferrets for solo. Writefo! pnce

list. It'sfree.Gua1-anteosnfe delivery

Dellolno Bron. Box 41, Jamestown, lich-





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





'3





P‘





cont ancient.

an burners. 1-11.14”: 3'!”th





no you want to save money and raise an the chicks?





The Ideal Colon my





'ith SHARING all DURING GRA

Price :19 0o. including Automatic Rm)“



Macon lgfo‘zrnla use the 1I'ly‘ntrwit

111. wonderful noun. comma donn’gsZE o

, .Ioollet. ham to brood omen without lose. Make two chicks mwhm only one new baton,





- LIIEITY STOVE COMPANY. l M "M" Second Street, Philldclphln. Pa.





3

Broader SBclelJéIULATING

11.11.11.111. Hover €11.11. alum V1.11».





min! $111! “to.

511.com Vastly superior to

no any iels showing

weather in the cold spring of 1914. Write for free





100 per

voe perfect satisfaction.





 





8.S.‘
2

i

t

i

x

i

!





 

 

 





in a prosperous condition.





 





54—22





Elllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IlllIIlllI|IllllllllIIlllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllfl'





Hll





rrj

93

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EllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIll!IlllllllllllllIllllIllllllllHllllll|IlllllIlllllIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi





OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSO-

CIATION OF FARMERS’ CLUBS.





President—R. J. Robb, Mason.



Vice-president—C. J. Reed, Spring

Arbor.



Secretary and Treasurer—Mrs. J. S.

Brown, Howell.



Directors—Alfred Allen, Mason; Jos-

eph Harmon, Battle Creek; 0. B. Scul-

ly, Almont:.C. T. Hamline, Alma; W.

K. Crafts, Grass Lake; Edward Burke,

St. Johns.



Address all communications relative

to the organization of new Clubs to

Mrs. J. S. Brown, Howell, Mich.





 





 





Associational Motto: _



“The skillful hand with cultured

mind is the farmer’s most valuable

asset.”





 





Associational Sentiment:

“The Farmer: He garners from the

soil the primal wealth of nations.”





WHAT THE LOCAL CLUBS ARE

DOING.





 





The conference of local Club work

ers was held on the morning of the

second day of the Associational meet-

ing, and was, as usual, an interesting

phase of that event. To many of the

older Club workers present the most

pleasing feature of’this session was

the presence of former associational

President L. D. Watkins, who gave a

short talk reminiscent of his Farmers’

Club experience. He recalled his

presence at the first associational

meeting held more than a score of

years ago, at which time be drafted

the first constitution and by-laws of

the organization. He also told of be-

ing instrumental in the organization

of one of the very first Farmers’ Clubs

in the state. It was indeed a pleasure

to his many friends to listen to Mr.

Watkins’ talk and to meet him in the

intervals between the sessions which

he attended.



Ex-president A. B. Cook presided 0v-

er the conference, suggesting that the

delegates present brief and concise re—

ports of the work of their local Clubs,

in order that as many as possible

might be heard from during the ses-

sion.



The first delegate to report was Mr.

Hamline, of the Arcadia Club, who





reported twelve meetings during the





year, and an average of 60 in attend-

ance. .

Delegate Cook, of the Washington

Center Farmers’ Club, reported a fair

degree of interest and attendance.

This Club uses yearly programs, and

a question box is made a feature of

its meetings. The Club is largely in-

terested in public questions. He spoke

of the relation of the local (‘lubs to

the State Association, making the ob-

jection that under the present system

the tendency was to maintain large

local Clubs when more and smaller

Clubs would better serve the commu-

nities in which they exist.



Mr. Alfred Allen, of the Ingham

County Club, reported a successful

Club year for his organization. Elev-

en meetings, two of them special

events, were held during the year.

These specials were a woman’s meet-

ing in November and a children’s day

in August. He spoke of the corn club

work and science contest which was

conducted by the Club during the year

entry in which was limited to mem-

bers of Club families. The,regular

meetings are held at the homes of

the members, with good attendance,

175 being present at the last meeting.

Printed programs are used by this

Club.



The delegate from the Bedford

Farmers’ Club, which is now in its

second year, reported the organization

Twelve

meetings were held during the year,

including a Club Fair at which 500 ex-

hibits were made, the delegate assert-





 





TH‘Ei'MJCH’I‘G'AN'FARME‘R‘





ing that it was better than the counr

ty fair. The interest taken in the





" work of this Club was shown by the

= high average attendance, which was





reported at 125.



Mr. David Gage, delegate from the

Wixom Farmers’ Club, spoke of the

social work in which that organiza-

tion has joined with the other local

organizations in the community, as

carried on during the past year. This

included a picnic on July 4, and a fair

in October, at which $100 in cash pre-

miums was paid. The five societies

engaged in this community work have

a federated committee which has

charge of the special events. The

Farmers’ Club holds 11 meetings dur-

ing the year, these being all-day meet-

ings held on the second Wednesday of

each month. The Club membership

includes 60 families.



The delegate from the Odessa Farm-

ers’ Club, of Ionia county, gave an in-

teresting report of this Club, which

was organized in 1888. The Club uses

yearly programs, and holds 12 meet-

ings during the year, including a mid-

summer picnic.



At this point Chairman Cook com-

mented on the desirability of a fixed

place of meeting for the local Clubs.

He described the method which is fol:

lowed by the Maple River Club, of

which he is a member. In this Club

an alphabetical list of the members is

made, and the members entertain in

alphabetical order, and in case they

desire to change this order of arrange-

ment, they make a special arrange-

ment with some other member of the

Club to exchange meeting dates with

them. This has worked out much

more satisfactorily than any other

plan tried, as it automatically fixes

the meeting place. New members are

added at the foot of the list, and are

not required to entertain until their

regular turn under this arrangement.





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





Hold Annual Meeting.——The Indian-

fields Farmers’ Club was entertained

at the pleasant home of Mr. and Mrs.





A. J. Pattison, December 17. Seventy

members and invited guests were pres-

ent. After the sumptuous dinner,

served by Mrs. J. W. Paul and her

able assistants, President Eldridge

gave a fine report of the proceedings

of the State Association of Farmers’

Clubs in Lansing, which he attended

as a delegate. A welcome card to the

Club was read from Mrs. and Rev. T.

D. Denman, former members of the

Club, wishing each member a merry

Christmas and a happy and prosper-

ous New Year, and wishing they

might be at the meeting, too. Oflicers

were then elected for the coming year.

Mr. Eldridge was elected for the third

term; vice-president, S. G. Ross; sec-

retary, Margaret Arnold; treasurer,

Ellen Purdy; organist, Mrs. C. A.

Taggett; chorister, I. N. Taggett.

Readings were given by Mrs. Ella An-

drews and Clara Miller. Everyone

present had a most enjoyable time.

The next meeting will be held on Jan-

uary 21 at the home of Mr. and Mrs.

R. W. Black—Margaret Arnold, Sec.



Best Meeting of the Year.—The 50

or more members and guests of the

Thornapple Farmers’ Club, who gath-

ered at the home of Mr. and Mrs.

Chas. Campbell in December, enjoyed

the best meeting held in many months.

The dinner was all that could be de‘

sired, the business routine short, and

the literary program interesting. In

Mr. Shaw, the M. A. C. sent the best

speaker ever heard at the Farmers’

Club. His talk was practical and in-

teresting, and the readiness with

which he answered all questions show-

ed a thorough knowledge of his sub-

ject, “Which is more profitable, feed-

ing lambs or steers?” When a speak-

er from the M. A. C. is sent to any

Club, farmers should put forth an ex-

tra effort to avail themselves of the

opportunity to hear him. They may

not agree with all his ideas, but it is

seldom that some good cannot be

gleaned from the talk of men who

have made a study of that branch of

farming on which they speak. During

the stock discussion, the ladies ad-

journed to the parlor where Mrs.

Katherine Reed. of Washington, D.

C., entertained them with a display of

nuts from Europe, Asia, South Ameri-

ca, Mexico and our own United States,

telling many interesting facts about

the culture of them in their native

countries and of their introduction in

this country.——.M. M.





Elli!IlllllllIllllllllllllIllllIllfiilllllIllllllllllllIIlllllllllllllIlllillIllllllllllllllllllllIfllllllllllllllllllllg

s Grange. g

EllllIlll|llI|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|l|l|llllIllllIlllllllll|Illlllllllllllllllllll|IlllllIllllllllllllllllllllllfi





STATE GRANGE OFFICERS.





Master—John C. Ketcham, Hastings.



Overseer—C. H. Bramble, Tecum-

seh.

.Lecturer—Dora H. Stockman, Lan-

sing.



Secretary—Jennie Buell, Ann Arbor.



Treasurer—Frank Coward, Bronson.



Executive Committee—C. S. Bart-

lett, Pontiac; Geo.- B. Horton, Fruit

Ridge; J. W. Hutchins, Hanover; W.

F. Taylor, Shelby.





THE GRANGE SPEAKER AND THE

POMONA.





 





 





In the early part of the winter of

1907 I received a letter from Brother

George B. Horton, then master of the

Michigan State Grange, in which he

said: “I have a new plan for sending

state speakers to Pomonas and rallies.

It is going to be a winner." Soon af-

ter, those of us who were chosen by

Brother Horton to represent the Order

at meetings like those referred to

above, were called to Jackson for a

conference. I



The meeting has been a bright spot

in my memory all these years. There

Brother Horton gave to us his ideal of





a Grange address. He outlined a mes- 7





sage which he wished us to carry to

the Granges of the state. He did not

expect us to deliver this message in

his words, but he did ask us to tell

everywhere of the necessity of organ-

ization, and always to keep “The

Grange” at the front.



Pomonas securing state speakers

were asked to pay four dollars, and

the speakers were privileged to

charge the balance of their expenses

and per diem to the State Grange.



Any Pomona or rally management

had the privilege of calling for any

speaker on the list, without regard to

his location, and it so happened, now

and then, that speakers were obliged

to travel long distances and spend a

considerable time to visit one Pomo-

na, or attend a single rally. This

made the plan an expensive one for

the State Grange, and so a number of

changes have resulted from time to

time, until now we seem to have set-

tled down to a charge of one-half the

per diem and expenses to the Pomona

or rally calling for a state speaker.



The cost is therefore less to the

State Grange, but' correspondingly

more to the local management, and

the only practical course open to the

Pomona or rally managers in most

cases, is to secure the services of

someone who is near by.



We believe there is a better method

than the present one, and we crave

the indulgence of the readers while we

try to discuss it.



We patrons are talking much about

co-operation in these days, and it is

altogether proper that we should, but

we need to practice more of it in our

Grange work.



If the Pomonas in contiguous coun-

ties would get in touch with each oth-

er, and co-operate in the holding of

their meetings, arranging for these

meetings upon consecutive days, a

speaker might easily be secured for

all of these meetings at very small

cost alike to the local managements

and to the State Grange. The per

diem of state speakers is but three

dollars per day, and the traveling ex-

penses would be very light if the

speaker simply passed from one coun-

ty to another.



If the Pomonas were willing to pay

the original four dollars, there would

be very little left for the State Grange

to pay. Speakers might visit three or

four Pomonas where they now attend

one, and the expense to the state or-

ganization would be even less than it

is now. May we not suggest that Po-

monas in nearby counties take up this

matter and endeavor to make arrange-

ments accordingly? ,



And now may we consider for a lit-





JAN. 9, 191's.





tle time another phase of this ques-‘





tion? .It is the experience of everyone

who has gone out to address Pomonas

and Grange rallies, that too often the

meetings have not been well worked

up, and the attendance is very small.

If it is worth while to secure a state

speaker at a public Grange meeting of

any kind, it is very important that the

public shall be there to hear him. The

Grange getting the speaker loses its

own money and wastes the funds of

the State Grange if it does not secure

a good attendance at the meeting.





When any local Grange organization

asks for a state speaker for whose

services the State Grange is to pay in

part, it is under moral obligations to

make the most of its opportunity. No

effort therefore, should be spared to

get the people who are not members

of the Order, out to these meetings.



The Pomona. should advertise its

meetings in the papers, should have

announcements made at other public

gatherings, should use the telephone,





and in many cases it will be found ‘

wise to send written invitations to





those. outside of the Grange gates,

whom we can best reach in this way.

(Continued next week).





 





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





 





The Bazaar held by the Plymouth

Grange last Saturday was a great suc-

cess. The booths, consisting of a bak-

ed goods booth, and others for fancy

goods, candy and vegetables, parcel

post and a. fish pond, were all well

filled. The last two created consider-





able merriment for both old and

young. At eight o’clock the hall was

well filled with men, women and chil-

dren to witness the play, “The P0-

dunk Limited.” While the audience

was waiting for the train the Grange

orchestra rendered a selection, and

mutations and musical selection by

members were given. After music by

the orchestra, the “Podunk Limited"

arrived. The Limited was bound from

Podunk to Plymouth, where all pas-

sengers changed cars for Chicago and

St. Paul. All of the characters taking

part did exceedingly well and the play

was thoroughly enjoyed by all. After

the play what was left of the vegeta-





bles, etc., were auctioned to the high-





est bidder.





Kent County Pomona Grange No.

18, held its December meeting with

Carlisle Grange in Byron Township,

with a very good attendance. The

principal address of thismeeting was

given by Myron Walker, U. S. District

Attorney, who spoke on “The Father

and the Boy.” He complimented Kent

County Grange for setting apart one

of the year’s programs for the chil-

dren. He said that the farmer could

raise no crop so useful as the boys

and girls. All parents should be the

companions of their children, join

them in their play, and enter. into

their life so that they will confide in

you. Fathers should take the boy in

partnership and live their life before

the boy so that they will be better

boys than {we have been. The father

in his home life should set the exam-

ple for the boy. Hon. Huntley Rus-

sell entertained with his songs, which

was greatly appreciated, and Mr. W.

H. Webb, of Ohio, spoke on the

“Brotherhood of Man,” and said in

part: “We are only what others are.”

He spoke of the great work the

Grange was doing in rural advance-

ment, giving us the best kind of an

education. The recitations,‘ music and

entertainment furnished by Carlisle

Grange was most excellent, and this

Grange should be complimented on

the number of young people who gave

their time and talent to help enter-

tain Kent County Pomona Grange at

this meeting. The following resolution

was unanimously carried: Be it re-

solved, that it has been brought to

our notice of the organization of the

Grangers’ Life Assurance Association,

home office Lansing, Michigan. Where-

as, the purpose of this life assurance

association is to take over the pres-

ent Grange Life Insurance Company

and add to the capital of the same,

thereby becoming an old line legal as-

surance reserve association, acting

and operating under the legal reserve

insurance laws of Michigan. The offi-

cers of this association are all lead-

ing members of the Grange in whom

we have the utmost confidence. There-

fore we heartily indorse the move-

ment and believe the Grange can and

should have a. life assurance aSsOcia-

tion covering the entire United States





and we. further recommend .all subor- ’





dinate Granges in Kent county to as-

sist in this movement—Mrs.

Colman.
Mfi fi‘étm I; W? l,’*r',=:'{»."¢‘ .





 





 





 





 





 





 





’ R. ll. Station Orleans.





JAN 1*. :9, £19151. .





LUE SER BRUS.





Buy pure bred BTALLIONS and MAKES

now. We have hoth Imported and Home

‘Brsd Stock. and for quality our Belgians

and Percherons cannot be excelled. It

will pay you to see our horses.





HGUNIER. 1ND.





“liACKS AND. MULES





e mules and get rich. 230 head flnelarie



ac.ks Jennye. and mules

to 1'7 hands high. Large re

istere Jack s and Dra t

Stallions. cheap now. Mules

by the pair or carload. Stock

guaranteed. W rite for prices

today. Address





-. KREKLER’ S JACK FARM

West Elkion, Ohio.

Bunch Barns. Clinton. Indiana.





PEBUHEHUN STALLIUNS





FOR SALE.





15' twoan dthree- earl-olds. black. These are cod



his dead dos rabl 0 horses of our own bre ng.

We eel direct toths farmer at reasonable prices.

and invite inspection.





A. A. PALMER & SONS,

r. o. sewing. Mica.





Re isutered Percherons,



firm RES. “Elia?! “‘1an YSUNG



nude 0



E81318: .t 80.?ofilaton llama: Micngg.



PERCH ERONS'ifimp“lE.“h‘i‘lE 2;. 33.3.11119333’

Elias. $8 r303!) 3M SENSE? endoon.a Michigan

1 , at]



“gun Pony “111113.331;£l§§li§3lmi1i3£§mni§uni



0





stock for sale. rrison. Pigeon. ich





FOR SALE—Sp an of Mules,





4 are ld. we] broke. k1nd and right. For or.

9133911233111 rgse'.W REEVES. Stockbridgc, Mic.





dALE-4 pair of 2-year- 01% 5118139 colt; 91813012011

3‘ him? e. ca -yr -

.y e ones. ssserfifi’arehalhli’. 6.11%de Mich,





FOR SALE— Registered Percheron Stallion Mares

a Fill ies reasonable rices In-

spection invited. LKIN l SON. Char ctte.Mich.





rofit Prom Hogs. Our free book. ”The Hog from Birth

to Sale." tells HOW to make big profits. Send for it today

THE L. B. SILVER CO.. 395 Vickers Bldg.. Cleveland. Ohio.





_

—_





1311111131119 DIRECTORY.





 





   

 





 





THE M I c H. I G A N» F A 11 ME =R:





non SALE.

Three Fine Young Bulls





Ready for Service

from 18 20 and 20. lb. cows.

each one giving over 10.000

lbs. .milk a year—prices. 8100.

9125a (1509] The two old-

est nicely marked—the other

has black back and sideqwith

some white. DeKol 2nd.

B. B. 3rd, and King of the

Pontiacs' blood.





sIGELOW‘s ‘





FARMS r sville i .

FOR SALE





Ready for light service from a “db sire.





HOLSTEIN BULLS





rich in the ”bio? 1of Hen rveid De Kol. Friend

0





 





 





Butter y, and Pontiac Korn-



Eyck!” three his son Kin of the Pontiscs and

Pontiac Aggie Korn yke. edigrees on application.

. . EWIS. Marshall. Mich.





 





HATCH HERD

REGISTERED HULSTEII- FRIESIAIS





S,ILANTI MICH. offers



BERDY EEADEBs froh'n choice A. 'Ii.o dams and

Kelli" Pontiac e.glegel Kpirndy’lkg. 502;?” in his

igree aver poan s in a '8. ve e or

cent of fat ofaairee nearest dame i. resmia ndprat

three generations in his pedigree have 8&5an



da liters. Prices reasonable.

site our own seheotion Do}? shmgdrrm Farms.





Tecumse o igan.

Tcn‘inizlnn D. 1 PsiLAN'rI. MICHIGAN.





High Class MOLSTEINSM 1....





is headed by Smithdale Alcartra Pontiac, whose

is the famous Alcertre Polkadot. Have few yogvfilb bululs

and emales for sale at reasonable prices.



a few heifers about 15 monthfino Farm )6 mile

from court hcuse.81liTH s unim'r d.lIowell 111011





Only $75. sweetness 3%???





cow. by 25 lb b. bull. Best boodl i.nes Excellent

individual. BOUGEMONT FARMRS Detroit. Mich.





37





 





 





 





 





Purebred Registered





HOLSTEIN

CATTLE





$14, 105. 50 in prize money was divided

amongst 225 breeders of purebred registered

Holstein cattle during last year. This is a part

of our system of Advanced Registration of milk

records. The p . 673 in number. range from

to $5. Breeders are limited to three prizes

11 each of our four divisions. Wealthy owners

have no advantage over those of limited means.

Here is an additional reason for purchasing

purebred registered Holstein cattle.





Sendfor FREE 111,...an Descriptive Booklet.





Tbs lislslsln-Frloslsn Association oi America,

Box 164. Brnttleboro. Vt.





 





 





 





 





 





~Dairy or beef red Breeding stock all

shodhoms ages for sale at (banners prices. C. w. Crum.

Secy. Gent. Mich. Shorthorn Breeders' Assn... McBride. Mich.





DAIRY BBED SHORTHOBNS— Young Bull





9- id for sale. Price $125 cash or good note.

“:0ng UMMEL. Mason. Michigan.





HEB SHUBIHURN BULL FUR SllEfiil’Jfiifidsuilfii





sow writers 932 1.33.

A 23 mourns on





‘ IONIIA 01111.





I have started more breeders on t s road teen:

case than anything I iving. I have the urgest and tin-

B.Evsry one an early developer,





set herd i



ready forltkeo 11111er at six months old I wantt o ‘

lace one og 11 each community to advertise my

erd. Write {army plan “HowtoM ake Moneyfrom ..



Ease. " 0. 3. IIIJAMIN,I.II0.I 0 Portland. Ilse.





 





 





o! .0. Choice gilts bred for s ring farrow. Dept. pigs

Issrvlce ble boar weifhing. lbs. rice 930 '1be ong

bodied an big boned k nd Alvin V. att. Grass Lake.Mich.





DUROC JERSEYS





From Prize-Winning Stock.

Write. or better still. come.





Brookwailr Farm, Ann Arbor,Mlch.,fl.F.D.7.





_ , ed 1’

nunoc 11113113 F.¥:.2‘%§31§’;°'.°:: mi; .5:





 





blood. W. E. MO RRISH. Flushing, Michigan. Turkeys. Bert Sweet R Hudscnville. Mich.

on ALE-Sh rm 1-,, Bulls "a and 30“.; by uroc Jerseys: Afew choice boars nd bred gilts.

S o o Linwoodlboth Interna- D ook Oockerels.





sons of Avondale and Victor





tional winners. John Schmidt]! ..2 Reed City. Mich.





”'0”le cow—For sale Marion’s Pride 2nd No.142734





due to calve let of Feb. Also two

Heifers. A. A. PATTULLO. Deckerville, Michigan.





SHUHTHUBIS: GUHUIUE WUIE BULLS FOR SALE

W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.

UAL PURPOSE SHIORTHORN OATTLE—Youn





MbulleB for sale m cows are hand milk

AY. Oiremols. laghamOo . Michigan.

SHEEP.





 





34 31 lb. 39‘- -yr -cld sister 22.92“). da am. Ascnof

Johanna. Korndyke DeKol delivered when

2 mo old on easy terms. Martin L. Blob-clip, Redford. lioh





Beg. Guernse Bulls. Berkshlrch . sow

For sale) an ilte Rbredyfor s ring {arrow 8 r1 ite

JOHN EBEL's .,1o noiiimd.Micmga1-.





 





7 110. old Holstein Bull—Sire has 34. 31 lb. sister—nun has

25. 77 lb, sister. DeKol 2d. Buttcrbcy 2d breeding. Price

low. quality considered. ELMER E. SMITH. Redford Mich.





‘flfhat is theB best thing. 950 will buy? Registered

Holetei n B.ull 3 mon theold. large.clean. straight.

heavy boned fellow. Delivered free with all papers,

safe arrival guaranteed. HobartW. Fay. Mason. Mich.





“Top-Notch” Holsteins.





tra large tine young bull. lbwhite. born Oct. 4. 1913.

“h oflci alresor of W. lbs. butter in' '7 dare.

11.50lbs iamdémgam m'edamisanfllb. inn-old

daughter of a 30.

Mchs SON FAilllB 00.. Bowen. Mm.





 





 





 





CATTLE.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS





HERD FOUNDED IN 1900. Bl

ins ‘ ‘ consist of Trojan Ericas. ack-

alias-3192111... only. Black 1.21.11" Ito); 1.1.1.1101

rare i





Olivldngltwnd magma!“ eads theh erd





M. Ionia. Mich.

d

‘lHSHlRESng “l” 9": ‘mi {:5}: daiozm bros s. The





 





 





l Wh nce'rs. gains



to co ersey

£35133. 'l’idlchiglan stifling the Dogtjiipnuamehigan.

MILO D. CAMPBELL CHAS. J. ANGEVINI.





BEACH FARM

GUERNSEYS





OUR HERD BULLS ARE:

Isl Rosetta Stanford of Ingleside No. 22533 with

six dams that average 706 lbs. fat.

2nd Violet 3rd. son of Iowa No. 24107. with four

dam that average 6917 lbs. fat and three sires

with over 90A. R. Daughters. and his grand

dam is champion three-yesr-cld .icow of





trends.

3rd glee-hon No. 23091 whose dam modem lbs. ht.





Bull carve-Iron these air-es and A. 11.: Dams

and nlsoohwelller Mfume.

EVERY HULL GUARANTEED T0 PLEASE.





CAMPBELL 1‘3 ANGEVINE.

cowwsm. MICHIGAN.





BUY consists FOR prom.

mm 11'? and QUALITY

WOEIIW lugggdlognglomakes





Md for literature,

GUERNSEY CATTLE CLUB

Box 2!. bourbon» N. H.





 





 





—-F Bose. Strain. A select herd.

“I’M.” 1:11:03“ vornl A. I. O. Cows.

1K. Blatchlerd. inderaiere Farm. Watersliet Mich.





sham M sale a. nu umber of pure Guernsey cows. E





and balls. also lerkshiro hogs.

V] 1. GI FAIR. Grass Lake. Michigan.





B EFORD. Three bull calves and



HE ALLEN BROS. ’l'nziaePatiw. filchiogan.



Hereford Bulls for Sale’xiifii’fxii till”.

arses about seven months old.





fim filfil‘fiflii .s-dhss: 1111.10“

assumes MD :38,” 1.193393 an





Dmiatbelargsstreeonddaugh ’

“11.211.111.11 hesitant cam chm





Leela

35‘. lbs. butter in "7 days 1 all

m ml. Oranoan, mtfifid‘a.





men ans”...





 





2r— , Calf

”nail-liar: MW“

Aflmw “firm





olsteln-Friesi 0.0.1154th ready for

service out of E. 0. cows. ati James guaranteed

or money refunded. Jonesili rave. Mich.





 





Holstein-Friesian Breedu‘E: “Wm, {5:2,

represented. D. D. AITKEH. lint. Michigan.





ESPANORE FARM,





LANSING. MICHIGAN.

orrnas r013. 9.11.11: A





YOUNG HOLSTEIN BULL UALF.





Write for particulars.

AF Few Choice Heifers for sale.





- CHASE s ossoms

ADAM E. FERGUSON {Owners





’llULS'I'ElIS FOR SALE





5 Good Bulls, ready for service.

10 Very Choice Bull Calves.

more “simmer . A.

ear-o

Segis, due In December 3

L. E. CORNELL. Fayette. Ohio.





FOR SALE Registered Holstein Bulls





ready for service. and I?“ calves. also females.

FREEMAN J. FISH]! ' . Howell, Michigan.





noun-£1111 nuns... Emilia"





World record stock use 150% m. LUNG AOH

FARM. Augusta. Kalamazoo Oo..M ic‘h.igan





 





 





 





 





. VHolslein '6. Cl“: Born Sept. 11. Splendid. individual,





we. grown. nicely marked. Bis dam and sire' s dam have

A.R. 0. records that averare 7 days Butter 24. 86 lbs. Milk 667. 8

lbs. both as 4-yr-olds. W. B. READER. Howell. Michigan.





MIBHMIL 11m AID lllllllllfl‘ smut





IMF

of BL Grade‘. Holstein. Cattle. Lists and

prices irpen app iontien

Jerseys. Bulls read

by J scab s Pal

producing dams. 8





 





for services“ ualit sired

115%? 3 1.1.1.

ITHdPARKER. Howell. Mich.

' ' —-Jersey Ole“ Yell-B1530

Lilli. Falmshad Oxford Sliced“ Write for” what 053181;

want. COLON O LILLIE'. Goopemtfle. Michigan.

new “SERVICE“ .0. ,. m .51.... We

Be P t' Al 1: .

onncom a moral) right? mm on M‘wlehkoagnta





MAPLE Lane Register of Merit Jersey Herd—Tu-

bercnl‘fn tester! by 0.8. Government. For sale





 





 





 





ul'l’ calves and '





'Onle’





11 1!: 1.13:an gazing??? MM 1111

8 etc a 88 S or 01' m

inth ei r Y]! F01. Alleges». Michigan





WJBRSEYS 4‘" ’” °‘ “M” ’°'

“z‘fngeLP. macs. “refine!” 3.33:9 Jag m”

.J.010.-Idlhtdlbckrgwn





d a mem r

to the above.





ii m"‘—T——“hm¢ losers.





Reginald“ by swam. 9071?. asoncl‘

0 mass. as ,

T clad. ciao” fiereale son.





the a mm “m? “flan.

BUTTER .RED “mustang?“





METAL m SHOCK FA

“Creek. Allen-u county.





 





. price on pairs and Cries of Aug

A. J. G





I AM SOLD OUT of rams but have a few aged.

bred. XFORD-DOWN EWES at farmers

prices. ..F GANSSLEY. Lennon. Mic iigan.





RAMs—HBOPBHIIREEIIS OXFORDS AND

HAMPS SIH strong well

woolod fellows ready for busiEness. Ship ed to you

without the money. Isnt that fair? fso write

KOPE KON FARM Kinderkook. Michigan.





 





 





1'1 PAYS ro BUY runs 11111111 5 or '

s"Tbe Sheeprnapké

of the East.





"m?" and pay express





rl l t.

girl-dew Shropshires headr%ofind-D 52531.3.

PARSONS.GrandLedge. Mich. R 1.





M mwuap Sh“ —Percherou Horses and Pole



J.£.A and (minor! ogs. bred from

registered stock. A. SMITH. Morrice. Mich.

INOLfllDB FARM oflers 14 recorded shrcpshire ewes





{gag whicih rebein bred to an im or

ram. mEBT £- r.PO ELL. Ionic.





REBISTEIEI OXFORD “£84103?





Ry $.19, ”d:chigon.





"008.





lE'l:fllnE:—Twenty- -four choice gilts. yearling and

mature sows. bred for spring farrowlng

priced to sell. B. B. REAVEY. Akron. Michigan.





B E RK S H IRE S‘Bfifiéih‘f‘hfl’;





ohoice.ail guaranteed. G. H. RIDER. Almont. Mich.

Choice spring boars





BEIKSHIRES M... 1. ““5,





i was m

stock. ELMEUBS 8T0 FARM? Almont: Mich.





11011111111 BHED ashisuinss—ah.yisiza‘d.filis





tered stock with a as farmers' prices

D. r. VALENTINE gup' t.. Touporanee. 11116111.“.





HAMPSHIRE Swims—mowin‘vstoch of all age

from most 111 or strain. rite for breeding





Inspection invite Floyd Myers} 9.Decu.turI Ind





Ham- ire swine. some good Hours for Breeding and some

pigs both sexes at M prices. West Wind Ferns,

Pontiac, Rich. n P. Barn mfg





A” ”m" "" c""1i1""1..."' ”1 "112'.”11 1i“ ‘1'.“



i

13’”? K. PAnHXM 'nroh‘m. Indiana". ”"

CHESTER WHITBS. August and September pigs. from





Sires as Chickasaw Bud, Modeler. Bronson King. Aceriificaie

of registry with each pig. John Glntling. Bronson, Michigan.





   





 





 





 





 





 





 





Rams





 





 





 





 





 





owner. N. A. Wiser, manager.





 





0 l m;1§:?2.‘£:m8.:: d .03“??? 1513:1111 ”'35?

woon Elli“ renal. moi-“En w“





0. I. C. Swine‘mfifnzf





your order with me before they are





 





snow. 60??”





ml90 at. farrcw.

ORDEN. R. No. 2. Don, Michigan.





'0. I. C’s ”’l’l'fi’: 3331’: 75?.”é‘1’3'n3‘13:





AVONDALE STOCK FARM. Warns. “labial.

o I: 6—” goodm‘gfm toweach One very





Registered free.

find. Michigan

0. I. c- il‘hree servigealil‘e bolprs.dgiAts alnfd year-

1n or are an r

Also Sept. pigs. .W. MA RN. DansvillePMichiggii’.





o 5 ~STRICTEY DI‘O TYPE. For rz



I ID c ‘I have been- br 11 yrs

sedii g for size and’



length with analltIy. Length-y P‘rineeone ofthe- largest



bears the breed ever produced heads our herd. assisted



by White Monarch and Fronts Choice 2nd. rize under



:ix Mpnthts bplartat M0. liptor State Fair 914 Stock



or s» e a a imes. pr 0911 re b



NEWMAN s STOCKF FARM 11. NgoililsEioiétmn'giilv





~Noth-ing hr sale at present

A. B. GRAHAM. um” mfirflai‘l.





mall said. We have some





o L C-‘m,.3.mm Mi hi





.J'OHN mm secs

0 L c Bred ”Idaho. 3!, will sell 40 head of





Mgvflinem stock also a! this good last





We

groaning-tense. 0111153. mm ‘0111’] 1%???





“0.1.ch '





MMGiflsbredh arch and’

1mm SLY. males? 3% M.





0" c1, ~llawsomzood

W. J. w. sown '





mw.





 





WREST FARM, bray-hi! “minim-411' mm m SOLE—7?.“ mgug.;% BQARS'w andise

W. gMicmF-In communists-e. c n “wag-38%. ennui-$33 51'3“???” CW‘H 3353;."





 





 





15.93333...





 





u til-fl.“- 1; o. '- cm!!!“ “115me for sale E18: 3]





9





also Thus





Also horns and Buff

J. MONIOSOLL. Wflta Le.“ 4,Bay City. Michigan.





~15 s r1 be re and



Duroch JCTSPIG 15 sofiufa?aeos 1.11

l f t 9 r1 is rans: parsan rics



h'g'rA’i’i'EMANf’oiilgri’y LOW]: shim. shepherd. Mich.





0800 JERSEYS-«Au . and Sept 1911 with plenty

of size and great mgai t. Alec ogi t bred to prize

winning stock. cnroe. Mich.





Bred Sow Sale 110. I. c. and Chester Whites





0N ANUAHYZ

included in this we have 40 choice silt. and ten tried

sows and ten boars. these are good herd boars that we

have used ourselves and they were in our 5 ow herd

also all the cows from our great show herd. rite for





 





catalogues and pictures. com and spend one d with



the blgfest and l adin hear in the state. 6 also



havle); f 1 pigs on serv cc ms es for sale. Shi 0.

so You Can See Them foreP ay For





ROLLING VIEW STOCK FARM,

Cass City, 8-! 3-: Michigan.





DUROC JERSEYS“ resist". 31.9. 2‘ 1....





CAREY U. EDMON , Hastings. Michigan.





CHOICE DUROC GILTS





Bred to Highland Tiling. Fancy 00!. Again or Cherry

Prince for sale. This 11 one of the strongest trios of

hard boars in any one herd in the state.

have a few spring males for tile.

Send for catalog of our Bred Sow Sale

FEBRUARY 23, 1915

Remember we have 200 sows and gilts to select from.

KOHLI & MISHLER, New Pafiejjndiana.

—A is! sith r so Also 3 Holst

lluroc Jemys .i‘fi Iis... .2. ins... madam:

roosters at reasonable prices. E. H.1Imris. flour». Mich





~A f d . l

DUROCS Canerhi‘ognoym?e gel ihthmAgg’ufgo





gilts will be bred forA blood lines Also

nunoc JEISEY7£3°§..‘1§’.‘:1 sidinhgrsi his:

11111101mornings.“tzismgfghm... '



W J' WAN' 0" M

PUUEU lfllllfm. aggfigg' 1.3%: 1193::





L. W. BARNES A 80‘. yren. Michigan.





POLAND CHENAsm“ head “’gfllfieredk boars





A. G. MEADE. Colby Reach.” 8:11am iohigsn.





”ME I"! ' : —Either ear, pairs and tries. not

bred gilts. W. J. nl’iiELe‘nAw. 1:212:11. iii:





Big lens bl‘slanxg 091.11:ng hws?fi§%‘}.f‘i§.il$’&l

MA'PLEWOODn s'TocK FARM 1111.11.11.11. m film





Bigm Type Poland Chine “errand mom. lenty :f





and eat aalit I know I on peace you.

ROBERT at 11111911 if!) ligating... Mich.





—One extra d fall earlin

Lara. sir.” I. c- and thebes tzoloot sprigg hour:

hogs ilargg-iltte‘rsofA th at»)?! breeding; 911mm furrow mg

3'! SchoolcraftLMichiQan.





Gil

igs 1 111111.111 m “figs-1. (has: 1:“.





Reel! sec 'le at bargains. eve. Pierson. M





”k“ H": 1

0 3.31311: Biheyw kinduémt’p dApril





customers. A. A. WOOD memoir. our





Pol:ndlClsinas. either sex agape hm;

_ a a ow ai boars Sag

Vice. P. DEONGJ R BM}. .8. Grand i‘yds ieh.

'M 8'o-ws and Gilts bred for M arel’snd

my. pr farrow. Also fall

pigmslflsl

3 %.H O‘IH’E‘ON Kalamflio‘“, #12:}:





RETARDED“ HOG ‘Mler' s Big Boned “UH-Go

TPoland (Jim big

ready for market a!

bred them that wfiy

boned. longbedicd sows.





 





We also





 





 





 





 





months. 3’90 B 50

yém



0180 fall pigs at farmer's M;



ices. Buy argon: “your secs.



.0 History free. J BUTL]: attend. MM.





-Lasgest in flbiehigan. Bred

Large Type P. C. m, ”1.2"

the ggreat bow. Egon” (imam



lbs at 3193;;- v'ei’s‘i1m up to

'Mbs fl”: furrow we h from





s c c:qllfarcim."

no to 396* be. Elfin“ as

represented. . éGSTOON karma. Mic 10.5





MEDIUMCMY?’ 0. infao 12.9093- ering A

. Michigabgt





priced: lswfl'fit if? LA. E.

' 8p rin' boa’rs.





Mohgggoi’x” fibeadorm 1.111

1' ’89“ 3'0 . l

'.l' DAWN. Ridgeway.nMsichP





anywhofl' in km)

AWe love some nice May i . Beth

YUM” “i089 (grim for defiofiptl '8 and





OS Morley, NEE tan.

gm Yam lt'ed Foiled le.

“locks r. B.D\1el\s. n‘fimnnnsaeep'woi

FOR SALE—Yorkshire gilts' bred for



wernmrAN 3"”.“1'1’fnguifi’é’f”

Meadowllnd Farm. 5-: Ann Arbor. nibble-m.





. YORKSHIRES





 





 





he lar lwbodied prol-idc kind. Gillie bred for

8:13;: b0;- clmber i new. A‘elifiice lot of

an r cos reaso a e

w. . . (. 42A 115111111111“...
i

l

I

‘t

t

i

i

I

i





. . ....q m...





“My stock has derived much'beneflt

from the use of SAL-VET. I had a

bunch of hogs that had not been do-

ingwell, and I expected to lose at

least two of them. They were thin,

and all out of condition, with rough

coats, but since I have been feeding

them SAL-VET they are looking fine,

and taking on flesh.” _



FRANK KARM, Monroe, Mich.





“SALVET has-9mm imtrghom. in . -





good condition this whiter. I feel that





I Would have lost many of them with-

out it. It is the best‘stuff I ever fed





to hogs.” -

C. E.- DINUIS,

Rte: 1. Tecumseh, Mich.

“I have used SAL-VET for the past

60 days, and find it all you claim. As

a tonic, it is superior to any I have





 





ever. used. “and it “costs «less; . imapite

of. the fact that we-have had a hard

Winter, my stock have done very well.

Have fed it to' sheep and hogs With

very best results.”

FRANK J. KARM,

Monroe, Mich.



“Whether on account of the use of

SAL-VET or in spite of it, I don’t

know, but the neighbors say that





.Woodrow?s pigs this year beat any-





thing "that they-ever saw, and I am

an amateur.”

A. G. WOODRQW, Xenia, ,tho.



“Fed SAL-VET to my rhogs 'with

good results, although they‘were in

pretty bad shape when I received it. I

am well pleased with it.”



JACOB KLEM, Sr.,





St. Anthony, Ind.

~ W





V / //////////, . ,, , ”1,04%, , 7:, , [2/], ,/ _ ,1 '. U 4/ // , 7, ¢/ , (1/, _

‘ . / ///////i / / .7 / E :l/ ’ :7, f; ”f , I if; ,. (I ' I &W%/ / ,/ / // ' .





 





 





//





‘ OCT ORING is of doubtful benefit when animals are





 





suffering from dangerous diseases. Remedies are of



little value in preventing the spread of infectious diseases after

animals have been exposed. The best protection at all times—always

available—is PREVENTION. Animals kept free from worms, and in

healthy, thrifty, vigorous condition are well fortified to RESIST

diseases. Run-down, worm-infested stock lack the vitality to resist

infection—they are the first to suffer, and least likely to recover.





The danger from stomach .and intestinal worms is not-over-drawn. Veterinar- ,

ians, Farm Papers, Agricultural Experiment Stations and thousands of 2;» .. ‘





.l‘ “-‘I

I v. " ‘ ’ c

, / . 3 .~ ~

/ .‘~.- ._ '

' ' .." ' ' i I Ԥlr





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Farmers and Breeders are fully alive to the situation. Hogs, Sheep and Lambs ",‘1-;‘J""%"e”4//

are the greatest sufferers, but Horses and Cattle become badly worm-infested. " '





Stock losses due to worms runs into the millions yearly—the waste of feed is

enormous—the risk of disease because animals lack vitality is great. You

can stop YOUR losses—rid your stock of worms—put them in condition to

better reSISt dangerous diseases, by allowing them to have free access to





\ \





\' ‘ ‘

h.





\

Idon’t ask you to take the slightest risk in proving my claims. You can

feed, SAL-VET 60 days AT MY RISK—no money down—prove its value as a

worm destroyer and conditioner, without taking any chances Whatever.





Animals take readily to SAL-VET—relish it—go to it naturally and freely. It can be fed

as you would feed salt, or mix it with the mash or slop. Feed it regularly—your

animals will shortly be rid of worms—they will do better—gain faster, get more good from the

ration fed. SAL-VET is highly endorsed by thousands—read the letters of a few.





“I fed about 600 lbs. of SAL-VET to 300 lambs which were "For the past two years. we have fed SAL-YET with

badly infested with stomach worms. The lambs were excellent results, and therefore, take pleasure in recom-

weighed up this week to a Chicago concern and r0- mending it as a worm destroyer and conditioner. Since

nounced by their buyer to be one of the best lots he ad feeding SAL.YET, our lambs have been entirely free from



urchased this ear. They made an average fgain of 40 worms. Consxdering the excellent success which we have



bs. per head. will never again attempt to eed lambs had with SAL-VET, I am perfectly Willing that you should

without using SAL-VET." . make gublic use of my endorsement. I cannot speak

W. S. PATTON. Plattsburg, Ohio. too 111%!)7 of SAL-VET. ’ ,

. J. GEIKEN, Supt. Sheep and Hog Dept,

N. D, Agricultural College, Fargo, N. D.





-K'





\





‘uu-w‘l‘nli“





ix“ emf





‘ :14

s: «5.x





A





The Great

Live Stock Conditioner





 





 





«kiwi

'u' l" ‘1“





 





“Before I received your SAL-VET in November, all of

my hogs were sick and I had 41 head of them. Started to

feed SAL-VET and saved 20. I am very sorry 'I did not



et your remedy sooner. as I give the preparation credit





“My SAL-VET is all gone, and as common salt does not

begin to take its place, I want you to send me another keg

at once. I am sure that $5.00 worth of SAL-VET saves me



or having saved the above. Neighbors all around me had $1Q.00 worth of feed; all of my sheep, cows, and horses are

the same trouble with their hogs and the disease made dom remarkably well. My experience has been that

a clean sweep in some of these cases. I conSider SAL- SAL- T and worms cannot dwell together}: .

VET 0. K.”—ED. WOLFE. Edinburg, 111. E. A. BONTRAGER, F airwew. Mich.





Don’t Misunderstand My Offer





Tell me how many head of stock you have, or how many you want to feed. I will ship you enough

SAL-VET to last them for 60 days. You to pay the freight charges and feed 'it according to

directions; at the end of 60 days report results. If SAL-VET has not done all I claim—I’ll cancel

the charge and you will owe me nothing. Fill in the coupon and mail it to me today.





SIDNEY R. FEIL, President





THE F EIL MFG. CO., Chemists





Dept. MF ' Cleveland Ohio





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





.1515 '

“"fi’v' .





J ' '- , ”II/ - b

40 lb-

P—RlCES 10° "’-

200 L"

800 bl

-—-—-——— soot

N order-fled {oi-lee: about

flea: “madman... .. a ..

Hamhaedon l'.ofSA VE'rtoroac ' tm. " “F! '

or that.

,J > or hog. mdw‘olbcla'n crossbar-soot “do '2‘. Get ‘56 “if“! gen- ,,





 





 





 





14





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