“mm"





‘Mva





 





' year that brings prof-





The Only Weekly Agricultural,





VOL. CXLIV. N0. 9 3

Whole Number 3824





 





f@@£f





WEEKLY.





DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, FEB. 27, 1915.





 





'Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





 





5 ‘0 CENTS A YEAR.

(52 FOR 5 YEARS.





 





PEACH GROWING AS A SPECIALTY.





EACH. culture has been linked

. with the west coast of Michigan

for the past one hundred years,

yethas been considered of commercial

importance for only about one-half of

this period. The accounts of the prof-

its realized by those who first embark-

ed in the business read like fairy

tales and, as we would expect, neigh-

bors rushed into the occupation after

the same manner that men flock into

a new gold field, and the results were

quite similar. With virgin land, free-

dom from insects and diseases, and

fabulous prices for their product the

pioneers at the business seem to have

had opportunities that are sufficient

to kindle a spirit of envy in the mind

of the would-be-grower of the present

time. Yet there were many failures

then, thus we would logically expect

that a large number of modern grow-

ers .would not suc'ceed in realizing the

profits that seem possible for others.

The history of peach culture in the

state shows that the growers have had

many ups and downs, yet in spite of

the many “yellow streaks" exhibited

in its character, the fruit has such a

magnetic power over humanity in gen-

eral that every year witnesses the

planting of thousands of new trees.

The apple is considered the king of

Michigan fruits, but he gladly accepts

the peach for his blushing bride and

the queen is only deprived of the place

of complete supremacy by her delicate

constitution and exacting habits.

While there are certain locations in

the interior of the state where peach

growing has proved very profitable,

still its true home seems to be in a

strip a few miles wide extending

along the west coast of the lower pe-

ninsula. It is generally the rule that

these interior points are favored with

good home markets which are anxious

to receive the product at a good price,

but lack of protection from low tem-

peratures both in winter and at blos-

soming time, causes a great uncertain-

ty in the business. Although there are

many sites in the territory adjacent

to the lake that fail to produce annual

crops, yet there are a large number of

locations that do, and





By F. M.





ticular fruit is just about as depend-

able as the wheat crop is to many of

the leading grain growers. True it is

that there is much of a speculative na-

ture for one and all that embark in

the peach business, but the odds vary

largely with the location. While there

are many other reasons given for fail-

ure or success, they may nearly all be

summed up in one sentence, and that

is “the man behind the proposition.”

It is common for certain individuals

to see nothing but failure and their

methods seem to be developed with

that object in view.



While there are many varieties of

peaches, and all undoubtedly have Vir—





BARDEN.





uagainst varieties with white flesh, and





the past few years there has been a

very small demand for that kind of

peaches. In deciding upon the best

sorts for the particular site it is near-

ly always necessary to have grown

peaches there before in order to make

the best choice, then there is liable

to be a mistake. However, it is very

noticeable to a. grower of experience

that certain varieties thrive better up—

on his farm than others, and he is

very sure to consider what might have

been the outcome financially if he had

been wise enough to have planted only

those varieties that have proved to be

the most profitable for him. But this





 





 





 





Thrifty One-year- old Orchard with Corn Between Trees.





Five-year-old Or-





chard in Background.





tues, still commercial growers make

use of only a small number. If one is

able to raise the fruit it is a pleasure

to have several varieties that have a

ripening period so arranged as to cov-

er the entire season. However, this

system is not generally the most prof-

itable if the individual is producing

for market. The first thing to con-

sider in the choice of varieties is the

market that is to be supplied, the sec-

ond is the adaptability of the location

for certain varieties, and the third is

the labor proposition. Most markets

accessible to Michigan discriminate





brings us to the point of considering

the labor question. It is possible for

the grower to confine himself to one

or two varieties and be able to obtain

the help necessary to care for the

crop, but in many sections he would

encounter difficulty. The judgment of

the individual is a very important

item at this point, or he will fail to

have the help at just the right time to

handle the crop. If only one or two

varieties are grown the producer

should raise other kinds of fruit that

will join on to the peach season, thus

being more certain of having the help





when needed for the peaches. The

Elberta is the leading peach of the

present. Many individuals are not

planting any other and from present

appearances the future. Michigan

peach season will begin and end with

this variety. HOWever, there was a

time when the cry of the market was

for the Crawford peach and many va~

rieties were sold for this sort that

bore no relation to it. Thus it is pos—

sible that the coming years will see

another variety in the place of dis-

tinction now held by the Elberta.

There is a certain cultural system

that is followed by most of the best

growers, although it is subject to var-

iations with the different individuals.

In general this consists of pruning,

spraying, thinning and the thorough

cultivation of the land during the

growing season with the use of cover

crops at the close. While it is im-

possible to discuss these in detail in

the present article, yet. to prevent the

uninitiated from gaining the impres-

sion that these are trivial matters, it

is best to state that the time devoted

to these operations. combined with

the. harvesting period. is sufficient to

keep the grower busy during the

greater part of the year. The profits

at harvesting time are very dependent

upon the care that the producer has

exercised in performing the various

acts that have been enumwaied above.

A failure to execute any of the tasks

as they come with the advancement of





the season may mean a. large finan—

cial loss in the final reckoning. l'pon





the other hand, if every known duty

is promptly performed in its season

the result is quite sure to be very

gratifying to the investor.



It is becoming more evident every

year that the fertility of the orchard

land must be maintained or the result

is starved trees and consequent fail—

ure in crops. A healthy, vigorous

tree is much more resistant to winter

injury than the one which has been

weakened by the lack of plant food.

The system to be followed in accom-





 





this is What deter-

mines the real profit.

Some orchards will

bear a heavy crop,

then jump one or two

years before produc-

ing another. In such

cases the crop year

generally occurs when

every orchard is bear-

ing, ,and the result is

low prices and a con-

sequent lack of profit.

It is the orchard that

is not allowed to over-

bear in any one year,

but produces every





it to the owner.



Some growers have

been successfully pro-

ducing peaches for

many years and to

such as these this par—





 





A ‘fFrost-proof” Location and Good Care Are Two Great Factors in Making .Peach Growing a Success. "





plishing the desired results in this

line is dependent upon local condi—

tions and must be,

worked out by each





grower for his partic-

ular site.



Peat-h diseases have

played a. very import~

ant part in the finan-

cial end of the busi-

ness. For the individ-

ual or locality that is

called upon to with—

stand the ravages of

either the “yellows”

or the “little peach.”

there is sure to be a

loss. However, other

growers realize a

profit due to decreas—

ed production and con-

sequent higher price.

As the diseases seem

’ to visit all localities to

a greater or less ex-

tent and generally al-

low some time to
THE MICHIGAN FARMER





‘FEB. 27, 1915.





 





 





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elapse between the outbreaks there

is a consequent opportunity for near-

ly all sections to share in the profits.

However, therc are some places that

have experienced only the losses while

others have never had an outbreak of

either disease.



Everyone is naturally interested in

discussing the profits that may be

realized from the production of any

fruit as the desire for gain seems to

largely determine our vocation in life.

Seeing the succcss of other peach

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easily computed upon paper. For in-

stance, inasmuch as many bearing

[recs have been known to produce

from six to ten bushels per tree, it

seems perfectly fair to say that an or-

chard would average three bushels

per tree. and. as the trees are gener-

ally planted 20 feet apart, we have 108

trees per acre. bearing 324 bushels of

fruit. The consumer continues with

thew figures and applying the price

per bushel that he is rcquircd to pay.

which may vary from $2 to $3, he can

immediately see the gold dangling up-

on every peach tree. However, when

actual conditions are studied, the com-

puter may have difficulty in finding a

grower that has ever received such





returns. The orchards seem to be

very exceptional that will average





three bushels per tree and as to price,

most growers would jump for a con-

tract that would agree to take all the

marketable peaches they could pro-

duce during a period of years at $1

per bushel. In fact, during the past

year, with a shortage reported from

all peach growing sections and conse-

quent high prices to the consumer,

many growers have disposed of their

crops for much less than $1 per bush-

cl. According to Special Bulletin 63

of the Michigan Experiment Station,

it is possible to produce peaches at a

total cost of about ~10 cents per bush-

cl, thus at the $1 price the grower is

very likely to realize much more clear

profit than he could obtain from the

production of any other crop.

Another point to be considered in

computing profits is the length of the

period of usefulness of an orchard. it

is possible to find peach trees from 20

to 30 years old that are still active

and profitable but they are very rare.

In fact, the average life of the mod-

ern orchard seems to be about 12

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this in localities where disease is very

prevalent. But referring to the bulle-

tin again, we find that the returns

from the first crop borne by the or-

chard undcr discussion were much

more than sufficient to cover all the

previous expenses incurred by the

trees. Thus, if an individual finds it

necessary to pull the trees after pro-

ducing one good crop, for which he

has received an average price, he will

undoubtedly be ahead in the transac-

tlon.



There are many other items of im«

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The 17th of 52 special articles to be

published in consecutive issues.— .





 





The Winter Manure Problem





URING the winter of 1911. ms.-



nure was spread on one of the



clover fields at the Agricultural

College. The field was tllcd, and in

January, before any manure had been

hauled out, samples, of the drainage

water were collected at a silt basin

into which the tile emptied, the flow

of water at that time being caused by

u thaw.



By going to this same silt basin a

little later, in February, after manure

had been spread on the snow and a.

thaw had followed, another sample of

the drainage water was collected.

These two samples were analyzed by

the. senior students in soil fertility,

under the direction of Mr. C. H. Spur-

way, with the following determination

of nitrogen as a result; before manur-

ing, 8.7 parts of nitratcs'per million

parts of drainage water, with but a

trace of nitrites; after manuring, 13.7

parts of nitrate and 0.9 parts of nitrite

per million parts of; drainage.



This increase of nitrates 1n the

drainage water caused by melting

snows in a manured field indicates a

loss of fertility. The question then

arises, how shall manure be handled

to get the best results in the winter

time?



Advantages which Offset Losses.



There are several factors, besides

that of holding all the nitrates intact,

to be considered. While there is a

definite loss of plant food in the case

cited, yet there are certain gains to

offset this loss. For instance, a better

seasonal distribution of labor is ob-

tained by spreading the manure in

winter, for in the spring the rush of

other work would make it difficult to

get the manure in place.



Then, too, the manure on a clover

field, or any wintering crop for that

matter, will act as a preventive

against heaving and consequent win-

ter-killing. This is well shown in the

case of lawns or strawberry patches

which are mnlched over winter; the

grass or strawberry plants come

through an open winter safely. while

unmulched lawns or beds suffer.



Loss of Manure In Storage.



Were the manure not hauled as soon

as made in the winter, and allowed to

accumulate in the barnyard, what

would happen then? Obviously, there

would be some danger from leaching,

though not as much as in the spread

manure on a field, since the manure

pile will shed considerable water.

There will, however, be losses from

fermentation which would not take

place under field conditions. It is a.

well known fact that manure, in order

to heat, must be in a pile large enough

to exclude air from the center, so that

anaerobic bacteria break down ni-

trates and liberate ammonia, a valu-

able plant food, into the air, removing

oxygen for their own use at the same

time.



Methods of Conservation.



There are ways, however, if the ma-

nure cannot be handled otherwise

than by storing in piles over winter,

of preventing loss by heating. Mr.

George Lapham, of Clinton county, has

a method of handling manure which

gives excellent results. In his case,

the horses and cows are stabled un-

der the same roof ; every morning the

horse droppings are pushed, with a

simple board and handle push‘scraper

made for that purpose, over the ce-

ment floor, from behind the horses to

the cement gutter behind the cows.

This gutter, of course. catches all the

liquid excrement from the cattle,

which is readily absorbed by the horse

droppings and litter. The mixture of

horse droppings and cow manure is

so wet that it will not best, even

though stored in piles. This method

of mixing cow and home- manure is

very simple and Meal; in meet, it

wouldbedifliculttomfixthetwoas

completely-and with as little labor by

any‘other means, especially in winter





when cow manure freezes so rapidly.



So far as cow or hog manures are

concerned, there can be no object in

attempting to control fermentation or

heating, as these manures do not un-

dergo the losses by ammoniflcatlon

which take place in the case of horse.

sheep or poultry manures.



Even Distribution Essential.



There are certain details in the ap-

plication'of manure in winter that

suggest themselves. If the snow is

deep, it will be impossible to use a

manure spreader, and the farmer will

probably haul the manure out on

slcighs, spreading.r it as well as possi-

ble by hand. The chances are that the

manure will in this case be applied

very unevenly, since much of it will

be frozen into chunks, which can not

be broacn up very readily with a fork

in the hands of a workman who is

anxious to get back where it is warm.





It goes without saying that manure

spread in uneven forkfuls gives un-

satisfactory results as compared to

that distributed as a uniform dressing.

However, it would seem that. the farm-

er who has no manure spreader could

gain on his labor by hauling the ma-

nure onto the snow in the winter, and

then dragging over the manured field

to break up and distribute the chunks

in the spring.



Those who have proper storage fa-

cilities for keeping the manure under

cover over winter will, of course, do

so, rather than apply it where it will

be exposed to leaching in the field, un-

less it be that the manure is valued

as a mulch for strawberries or wheat

or clover to prevent heaving. Con-

crcte manure sheds are coming more

generally into use each year, and their

need is felt as much in the winter as

at any other time of the year.



Benzie Co. E. H. BROWN.





KING VENTILATING SYSTEM.





Some time ago you gave in The

Farmer, a description of the King sys-

tem of ventilation for barns. I put the

paper away but now that I want it, I

can't find it, so if it is not asking too

much will you please give it again in

The Farmer?



Kalamazoo Co. . J. E.



The adequate ventilation of barns is

so important that an occasional repe—

tition of the essential principles of the

King system should be profitable to

Michigan Farmer readers. These prin-

ciples involve one or more ventilating

shafts or fines to remove the foul air

from the stable, which should extend

from near the stable floor up through

the roof of the barn. Assuming that

such outtake flue has a height of 30

feet, the area of cross-section required

would, according to Prof. King’s fig-

ures, be 30 square inches per head for

horses and cattle. An additional height

of 10 feet would reduce the required

area by about six square inches per

head, or if 10 feet shorter the area

should be increased by a like amount.

The intake fines for furnishing air

should open on the outside of the sta-

ble at a point several feet lower than

the opening on the inside, and the air

should be admitted at or near the ceil-

ing of stable. The aggregate area of

the cross-sections of these intake lines

should equal that of the outtake flues.

For example, a ventilating flue 20x30

inches in site would have a cross-sec-

tion area of 600 square inches, .or suf—

ficient paucity for 20 head of horses

or cattle, if 30 feet in height. Twelve

intake fines 5x10 inches in size would

have an equal cross-section area, and

would be sumcient to .admit fresh air

to the stable. In modern construction

these are often made in the Window

casings, but can he made in the wall

or placed outside as desired.





The reason for having a number of





intake fines located around the outside

of the stable is to secure a better dis-

tribution of the fresh air without pro-

ducing draught. ' .





 





 





 





ll
n





FEB. 27, 1915.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





Early Clover Seeding.





 





HE amount of clover seed to use



per acre and the time to sow



are debatable questions. In re-

gard to the first question, it may be

said that it pays to seed freely, let the

seed cost what it may. Highpriced

seed has been the direct cause of

some poor stands or complete failures

because not enough seed has been us-

ed to insure a good stand under very

favorable conditions. Even though

germination be perfect, many of the

young plants are never permitted to

reach maturity, and when the plants

are few in number in the beginning

any large loss means a poor stand.

With high—priced land, not many bald

spots can be tolerated in the clover

fields if a first-class stand can be ob-

tained at any reasonable cost. Some

authorities advise the sowing of six

quarts of seed per acre, but this is a

waste if the seed is of good quality.

Four quarts are entirely sufficient if

the seed bed is in the proper condition

and the seeding is done properly.

However, this is largely a matter of

using good judgment; one should go

to some extent by past experiences as

to the amount to sow. , Oftentimes six

pounds of seed Der acre will give as

good a stand as twice the amount, yet

conditions are. usually such as to make

thicker seeding advisable, particularly

on the thin places in the field. It may

pay to use as much as twelve pounds

per acre on these spots.



Good judgment must also be used

as to the time of seeding. Some like

to sow real early, say in February or

early in March, while others favor

late seeding. Observations tend to

prove, however, that a happy medium

bctWeen the very early and the very

late seeding gives the best results one

year with another. Late seedings of-

ten fail because of dry weather, while

if the seed is sown early and a nice

warm day comes, many of the seeds

will sprout and the young plants are

then very easily killed by severe

weather conditions which follow the

warm period. In any event, it hardly

pays to expose the seed to the ex-

tremes of weather which usually oc-

cur during late February. From the

first to the fifteenth of March the soil

is, usually supplied with sufficient

moisture and the ground is in the

right condition for the seed to work

downward to the proper depth to take

root, while the action of the frost and

early spring rains will supply addi-

tional covering. Any morning during

this period when the sun is coming

out warm and clear so that thawing

will soon take place is an ideal time

to sow. The seed will run into the lit-

tle cells, then the thawing will melt

and run the surface of the ground to-

gether, so that by noon the seed will

be covered nicely. Then when they

sprout they will not be exposed to any

freeze that comes; they will also be

prevented from washing if a dashing

rain follows soon after sowing. Some

few people do not object to seeding on

snow, but it is generally conceded

that this is a bad practice since in

cold weather many of the seeds will

be consumed by birds, and if the

snow goes off with a rain the seed will

be washed into bunches in the low

places, if not off the field entirely in

the case of hillside land. Better re-

sults are obtained by sowing on the

bare ground at ,a time when freezing

takes place each night followed by

thawing the next morning.



The seeding should be done on still

days so the seed won’t blow in streaks

or bunches. Oftentimes it is neces-

sary to get out early in the morning

before the wind raises and work until

the wind becomes so strong as to

make even seeding uncertain.



The old method of sewing by hand

is not to be compared with the even

distribution of seed we get with the





good seeder, such as is operated with

a crank or a bow. The average ma-

chine sows clover seed 36 feet to each

round, and if one is reasonably careful

in setting the guide stakes at the ends

of the field there will be no thick and

thin streaks when the clover grows

up. A wheelbarrow seeder can be

used on windy days as well as on

calm days. In sowing a mixture of

timothy and clover seed, or rather

when sowing both kinds of seed on

the same ground, it is advisable to

sow one kind at a time because when

mixed they will not scatter evenly,

owing to the inequality in weight. It

is never advisable to mix grass seeds

with grain when the latter is being

sown with a drill because the grass

seeds will he put in the ground so

deeply that a large per cent will never

germinate.



Some have adopted the plan of in-

creasing slightly the quantity of seed

usually sown and then dividing it into

two equal parts. One part is sown

some time during the period between

the last of February and the last of

March, and in about a month the first

seeding is crossed with the remainder

of the. seed. Some good stands have

resulted from this method of seeding

as it gives two chances for the clover

to catch. One seeding may develop

all right, while the other will be a.

total failure, or perchance both, sow-

ings will come on all right. But if

only one should catch there will be a





 





fairly good stand, provided good seed

is used.





Indiana. W. F. PURIHTE.





EXPERIENCE WITH SOY BEANS

ON THIN LAND.





 





I see in the last publication of youn

paper inquiries regarding forage crops Ii

and your advice to a man on a poor,

sandy farm was to sow oats and peas. ;

The advice is good on good land but;

poor on poor land. I have tried it}

and know that oats and peas wanti

good land to make profitable growth.



I wish to relate my experience with .

soy beans as a fodder crop. I have a

knoll on my farm of about an acre

that is very light, poor sandy soil, so

poor, in fact, that I have not worked

it for years as everything sown or

planted dried out. Last year, being

short of hay, I plowed early, worked

well to insure a good seed bed and

sowed one and a quarter bushels of

Black Beauty soy beans broadcast,

covered lightly, rolled down and

watched them grow. As the hot dry

days of July and August came the

beans made a tremendous growth and

as the lower leaves turned yellow, I

cut with mower, allowed them to lay

in swath over night and cocked up,

let them stay for four or five days

and drew four immense loads to the

barn, of as fine a fodder as I ever had.





All stock like them very much and

they are particularly valuable for

milch cows but do not feed too many,

as they are laxative. Be 'sure they

are well cured, as they heat easily in

mow. They should be handled same

as alfalfa and I consider them as good

a feed.



Seed may be obtained of any seeds-

man and costs about $3 per bushel.

Sow about the middle of June, and if

pleased with them sow the same piece

year after year, for the longer raised

on one piece of ground the better they

yield. They will fill the ground with

an immense amount of humus and as

they are a nitrogen gatherer your land

will soon raise anything.



Brother farmers with poor, sandy

land, try a few, but don’t try to ripen

the seed in Michigan for our seasons

are too short. Soy beans are a south-

ern plant that wants hot, dry weather.



Ingham 00. D. A. JESSOP.





 





 





 





 





 





WITH WHEAT and other food crops going

up, usual methods won’t do. You want

big crops to sell THIS YEAR. You have

a rich soil containing enough fertility for

years of cropping, but your crops can’t get

enough of it in their 90-day feeding period

to produce their utmost. They need quick

acting, soluble plant food THIS YEAR, and

this year IT WILL PAY. On 151 farms, 5-

acre plats on cach,—-—Jamcs J. Hill used $5

worth per acre of this kind of plant food,

and practically doubled the crop of wheat,

barley and oats with ordinary cultivation.





You can do it with

A-A'C- Fertilizers





You can plant later, harvest earlier and at

better crops of grains that will grade big or

—no soft grain. But “seeing is believing”.

Why not





TRY-A-BAG lit least this year.





ave more confidence.

an acre will showyou just what

the available kind of plant food

will do for w crops.





“The Problem of Fertility in the

Middle West” and “Plant Food”

are two books every western farmer

should have, for they concern his in-

terests. We send them free. No ad-

vertising in them. (let our agency



roposition and carload inducement.

t will pay you and help your farm.





Try more if you





$2 to$4





 





 





 





The Clipper Improved No. 1-B

Grain an? Seed Cleaner





_ This Mill hue principle that in different from all

., 0 etc. For years it has been thoro y tried out and



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Dept. of A iculture. Agricultural Colleges. Experimental

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Our: isthc only mill making use of the “vertical

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ence between crop sucuu and failure.





No Mill Will Do Good Work Without

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We furnish l2 screen: for cleaning and grading all

kinds of seed grain. seed com, all kind: of cloven,

alfalfa, timothy. millet. flax, as, pea cow peas,

coy beans. etc. And, after t c most careful Itudy and

tests in actual work. we guarantee this caeen outfit to A





 





bethc best that has ever been offered with my mill.

There are screens for clover containing buckliorn and





 





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wheat and other difficult separations.





 





The No. 1-8 is or money





sold under .. 30-Day Guarantee of Satisfaction refunded.

Price. complete. cast of the Misshlipppi. $23.50 cash, FREIGHT PREPAID to your R. R. nation.

In Successful Farming Three Factors are Prominent—the Soil, the Man and Good Seed





The Clipper Cleaner puts success within your reach by insuring Good Seed.

Write for Catalog and address of nearest jobber.





A. T. FERRELL & co., SAGINAW, MICH. J





 





 





 





 

 

 





 

 

 





We have told thou-

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tellyou. Our new book explains howthc





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THE HUBER MFG. CO. 666 Center Strut, Marion,0hio Itraw; allnutomatioally.8udpo¢flbdny.





     

 





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Mentlon the Michigan Farmer when writing to advertisers.
International Harvester

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THE MICHIGAN FA‘RMER

I





FARM NOTES.





 





Muck and Marl for Sandy Land.





Would an application of marsh

muck be of-any benefit to sandy soil,





it hauled direct fromgthe marsh to the





sandy soil? Would the marl under

the muck be of any benefit if applied

to the same kind of soil, or is there

any other use that marl can be put to

on a farm? »



Washtenaw Co. SUBSCRIBER.





Several Michigan Farmer readers

have given their experiences in the

application of muck to sandy land. In

practically every case it has been

maintained that where the hauling

could be done in the winter season so

that the men and teams could be kept

employed at a time when they could

not be used in productive work, it, is

profitable to apply muck to sandy

land.



As to the application of marl, there

is no doubt at all that it will pay big

dividends to apply marl to some of

the sandy land in Michigan. Experi-

ences in trying to grow alfalfa, as well

as the frequent failure of clover On

this kind of land indicate that most of





. Michigan’s open soils which have been





farmed for a considerable term of

years have become acid in character

and are greatly improved by the ap-

plication of lime in any form; and

where marl is available on the farm,

there is no cheaper form of lime to

use.



The Local Value of a Bed of Marl.



While dredging through my farm

we discovered that I had about ten

acres of marl bed. The dredge man

estimated that it Would run about 60

feet, in depth. What would good marl

be worth a load of a yard and a. quar-

ter, the farmers to come and get it?



Montcalm Co. E. W. J.



Marl in a water-free state has equal

value with the best ground limestone

as a soil amendment. Finely ground

limestone costs in the neighborhood

of $1.25 per ton at the quarry, plus

the freight to the point of consump-

tion. It is, however, in a much better

condition to apply than water-soaked

marl. There is no question, however,

that marl has considerable value for

local use for farmers within hauling

distance, especially'where it can. be

secured and applied during the winter

season. To fix a cash value would be

difficult, as a great deal would depend

upon local conditions. From the fig-

ures given a fair basis could be an

rived at. A small net price, however,

would compensate the owner, and the

opportunity of securing a supply of

marl near at band should be greatly

appreciated by the farmers of any

community. ,



Crops for Green Manure.



I have a 30-acre field that had been

pretty well run before I got it. Raised

a poor crop of corn the past season

and clover failed before that. Will

not try to take another crop from it

until it is in better condition. Had

thought of sowing thickly to oats and

turning them under in time to sow

buckwheat, also to be turned under.

After that to lime it well and try clo-

ver alone again, in the spring. Can

you suggest any better way of hand-

ling it? How would cowpeas do? Not

very low land, some parts are very

sandy. .Why turn a crop under green?

Would we not get more humus and

less acid by letting any crop almost

mature, then cut and turn under?

What can we put in this spring to

make late cow pasture? What can

be seeded in muck pasture that cannot





be plowed?

Van Buren Co. \V. H. W.

The plan suggested for adding veg-

etable matter to this .soil might be

improved upon, in the writer’s opin-

ion. The oat crop would not make a





. very heavy supply of vegetable matter





to plow down. ‘Oats and peas would

do better if this soil is in a condition

to grow peas, but if in an acid condi-

tion it probably would not produce

an abundant crop. Cowpeas would

promise better results, and have been

grown with a good deal of success

on much of the lighter land of south-

ern and southwestern Michigan. After

the crOp selected for spring sowing

is plowed down during the late sum-

mer or early fall, then rye and vetch

should be sown, which could again be

plowed down in the spring and 8.





FEB. 27, 1915.





spring crop grown on the land before

it is sowed to clover, since both, the

cowpeas and vetch are legumes and

would accomplish much. the same

result in the addition of nitrogen to

the soil as would a seeding of clover.



The best time to apply lime, if this

soil is acid, and it probably is, is

when fitting it for the first cover crop

next spring, si'ncevthe legumes sown

will be benefited by this application.

It would also pay to use some phos-

phoric acid and potash fertillzer in

order to grow a maximum of vegeta-

ble matter to be plowed down for the

improvement of the soil. The only

object in turning a crop under while

green, instead of permitting it to ma-

ture is that decomposition will take

place more rapidly and some time

will'be sayed by this method.



There is no very satisfactory sub.

stitute crop which can be sown in the

spring for late cow pasture. It is a

better plan to plant corn for this pur‘

pose and use same as a soiling crop,

as a great deal more feed can be pro-

duced from a given area in this way.



For supplementary seeding on muck

land pasture, red-top will prove as

good as any grass which can be sown.



Breaking up a Hardpan.





I have a farm of 80 acres, part of

which is clay and the rest a mixture

of brown and grayish sand. This lays

er of sand is nine inches deep. Just

below this layer of sand is a layer of

hardpan, varying in thickness from

three to six inches. This hardpan is

underlaid with a clay subsoil. What

kind of a plow or tool would a person

use to break up the hardpan in the

bottom of the furrow? Would like to

hear through the columns of this pa-

per from someone who has had some

experience in this line.



Ottawa Co. SUBSCRIBER.





There a thin hardpan is present

just at the bottom of the furrow slice,

an ordinary subsoil plow should prove

serviceable in loosening it up and

penetrating it in places so as to facil-

itate drainage. This land, however,

will need to be thoroughly tile drain-

ed in order to secure profitable re«

sults. The use of dynamite to break

up hardpan soils is a modern develop-

ment of scientific agriculture, but it is

questionable whether its use would be

profitable or necessary where only a

thin hardpan exists.



If any reader has had experience in

the improvement of soil of just this

type, We should be glad to have them

contribute that experience to these

columns for the benefit of this en-

quirer and others who are confronted

with a similar problem.



Seeding Alfalfa in Grain.



Will you inform me. if I can, and

how to seed a field of fall wheat to

alfalfa this spring; how much to sow.

when to sow, and should the ground

he spike-toothed before or after I sow

the seed, or not at all? Should I sow

and June clover with it? There has

never been any alfalfa on it before.



Tuscola Co. W. S. B.



There is no doubt in the writer’s

mind that when our fields have be

come accustomed to growing alfalfa

we will be able to seed it in grain as

other clover is now seeded, and with

equal success. Where it has not been

grown and there is no definite know1~

edge of the presence of the bacteria

peculiar to this plant or that the soil

is in a suitable condition to make an

acceptable home for same, it would be

better to mix the alfalfa with clover

seed and sow as you would on this

land to secure a clover seeding. In

this way you will demonstrate wheth-

er the land is in condition to promote

a successful stand of alfalfa, in which

event the alfalfa will not be damaged

by the presence of the clover, but will

gradually supplant it as the alfalfa

plants develop.





THE DETROIT TRIBUNE DISCON.

TINUED.





 





We can accept no more subscrip-

tions to the Detroit Daily Tribune. All

subscriptions received by us after





January 30, will be returned, as that





,publication has "been discontinued. Old

subscribers of the Detroit Tribune will

receive the Detroit News.
FEB. 27, 1915. '





OPERATING A ONE-MAN FARM.





 





In a. recent issue subscriber desires

to know whether it is possible for one

man to operate a farm and do his

work as it should be done, without

making an almost intolerable slavery

out of it. In the first place, it depends

some on the size of the farm, in com-

parison with the size of the farmer.

Then it depends also, as to what his

aim’is: to farm for pleasure as well

as profit, or merely to hoard up. A

man who has the ambition to make a

lot of money in a short time is usually

out of place on the farm, as farming

is not well suited for that purpose,

and, by the way, the sole aim of

hoarding up money is a poor purpose

to live for. But if the object is to be

contented with a comfortable living,

one man can operate a farm without

making a slave of himself.



In my judgment, two men can oper-

ate three 40’s easier than three men

can, single-handed, operate one 40

each. But the writer has operated a

40-acre farm at middle age and work-

ed only eight-hour days in the field

and did his work well. Neither were

the chores excessive. I raised wheat,

oats, barley, corn and chickory, and

some potatoes, kept two horses, two

cows and some chickens, and found

that I could raise a colt or two, and

also some young stock. I considered

my situation far more desirable than

that of the average city dweller. And

I had lived about ten years in the cit-

ies and know whereof I speak. I could

make a little more than a mere living.

But, of course, if we figure on a big

mortgage it is a different proposition.



Gladwin Co. L. V. SOLDAN.





MORE ABOUT BEANS.





 





With beans soaring above the $3.00

mark there is a general awakening 'of

interest in the seed for next year’s

crop. Some very convincing evidence

as to the merits of clean seed was

forthcoming in the yields this year. On

the other hand, some serious disap-

pointments resulted from seed, sup-

posed to be good and bought for such,

which was defective and diseased.



It is interesting to know that the

first and second awards on beans at

the seed improvement exhibit at the

College'recently grew in areas more

or less affected with disease. A sam-

ple of the beans before picking, which

was, awarded the second prize, showed

but a trace of anthracnose. In fact,

one had to hunt for a long time if he

was able to find the trace of iron rust

color so significant of anthracnose.



The history of the second award is

of interest because more fully describ-

ed by the grower, I. N. Cowdrey, of

Gratiot county, who points the way for

others to secure good seed. The plan

is the seed bean patch similar to that

of the seed corn plot. Enough of se-

lected seed of the cleanest stalks of

beans in 1913 was saved and hand-

threshed as well as hand-picked. This

seed approximated enough for an acre,

and it was the genesis of the clean

seed shown at the College, grown in

1914.



It is probably more economical to

inspect the seed plot while'the crop is

standing than to pick out diseased

beans later. As a matter of fact, the

diseased and weak plants can best be

eliminated at that time and also the

sports or beans that ripen unevenly.

Then it is not a serious job to thresh

out this seed plot with the discarded

and obsolete flail, for the threshing

machine is a carrier of disease.



In a rather superficial map, made of

the good crops of beans this season,

both from actual yields and freedom

from disease, there seems to be a gen-

eral concurrence in “grown on clover

sod,” or a new or comparatively new

soils- It does not require much guess-

ing to have the theory naturally pre-

sented of beans, being a legume, like

others of its family, protesting against

acid soils and asking for lime. Does





TH-E MICHIGAN FARMER





the bean crop follow the clover crop

so successfully because of the accum-

ulated nitrogen of the clover or be-

cause there was lime for the clover

and also for the beans? Fertilizer

experiments in this regard of synthet-

ically supplying the nitrogen are by

no means conclusive, although consid-

erably indicative. Beans refuse to

grow anything much but vines on

muck soils where the mineral ele-

ments are lacking.



The supernormal yields of beans

have been'where there has been good

to large vine growth with correspond-

ing long pods. In Genesee county there

are reports of damage done by worms

destroying considerably sized areas in

a field, with a preference for sandy

spots. These worms are said to be

about the size of onion maggots and

work on the bean roots.



There is no abatement in the inter-

est and desire to organize a Michigan

Bean Growers’ Association. The high

price of beans and bean seed will de-

mand a compensatory price next year.



Shiawassee Co.’ J. N. MCBRIDE.





GOOD ROADS CONFERENCE AT

LANSING.





 





A conference .was held at Lansing,

February 10, attended by Senate and

House committees on roads and

bridges, state highway department oflfi-

mials and road commissioners of

Branch, Calhoun, Cass, Clinton, Dick-

inson, Eaton, Genesee, Iron, Kalama-

zoo, Jackson, Kent, Luce, Muskegon,

Oakland, Ottawa, St. Clair, and Shia-

wassee counties. A state organization

was formed, with Alvah W. Brown, of

Grand Rapids, as president, and W.

W. Cox, of Kalamazoo, as secretary.

Resolutions were adopted favoring the

use of county jail prisoners on high-

ways, fall election of county road

commissioners to take office the fol-

lowing January, and an amendment to

the constitution permitting the state

to bond for highway purposes. The

intent of the amendment is to make it

possible for the state to take advan-

tage of any federal money which

might be allowed by the present or a

future congress. .



Recommendations to the present





Legislature included the following: A‘





State reward on a minimum width of

concrete or brick road of eight feet

instead of nine; a comprehensive wide

tire law; standardization of the width

gauge of all vehicles, including sleighs

and cutters; payment of state" reward

on shoulders of roads when built of

different material from the road itself;

that state reward money be used in

construction and maintenance of roads

by the county commissioners as they

think best.



The association opposed the Culver

bill, which provides for the return of

state road moneys to the counties in

proportion to the assessed valuation,

and also opposes the vehicle light bill

as introduced by Representative Oak-

ley. Support is given to the automo-

bile tax law as proposed by Repre-

sentative Smith. State—wide annual

conventions of good roads officials are

favored, with commissioners allowed

their per diem and expenses for actual

time and expenses incurred.



Kent Co. ALMOND GRIFFEN.





 





A PROTEST AGAINST CRITICISM.





 





_ I noticed an article in last week’s

lSSlle from C. C. Miller, of Ingham

county, taking farmers to task for not

having their corn all husked this last

fall before cold weather came on.

think that Mr. Miller is rather unchar-

ltable, having evidently not taken into

consideration that help was hard to

get at any price, and corn husking

machines were rushed to their limit,

there not being enough of them to

supply the demand.



I imagine that Mr. M. never spent a

season on the farm in all his life, but

is one of these “paper farmers” that

are numerous at times, and can give

us old farmers more instruction (?)

in an hour than we ever knew before.



Unless we protest against such

methods we had better move out. Let

us hear from others. I





Allegan Co. F. H. CARPENTER.





 





 





5—253





l

I





President Wants

War on Stumps Now





“There is a shortage of food in the world.

now and that shortage will be .more serious a

few months from now than it 18 now.”





“It is necessary that we should plant a

great deal more; it is necessary that our land

should yield more per acre than it does now;

it is necessary that there should not be a plow

or a spade idle in the country if the world is





to be fed.”

PRESIDENT WILSON





Before Chamber of Commerce of the United States February 3rd.





 





 





Every day’s prOgress of the war in

Europe and Asia emphasizes the dominating

position of America as the world’s food

producer.





There is going to be a tremendous de—

cline in food production in EurOpe in 1915,

because of the millions of men and thousands

of square miles of territory engaged in

military Operations.





It is not only our duty to push our farms

to their highest producing possibilities, but

it will be greatly to our profit. '





We must not only get the maximum

production out of every acre of cultivated

land, but we must as far as possible put

under cultivation thousands and thousands

pf (acres of cut—over timber and swamp

an .





The ground occupied by one good sized

stump or boulder can produce enough food to

feed one person one week.





Don’t wait until next spring or summer





:To Get Rid of the Stumps.





By using low freezing explosives you can

clear that land before the snow leaves

the ground. You can blast ditches before

the ground. is dry enough to cultivate.





Red , Cross Extra 40%





S

Low Freezing





Order through any hardware dealer. Ask

him to telegraph. Full instructions free in

our Farmer’s Handbook No. Ioo-F.





DU PUNT POWDER 60., Wilmington, Del.





ESTABLISHED [802.





Duluth Office: Fidelity Building.





l

l

l

l
25 -'—‘b





x





 

 





‘ Wisconsin Wins in Big Hatching”

Why Pay More! Con-tests Every





For only $10 you

Year





can get these two prize-



winners complete. .readg

Wisconsin Incubators have

Iommved their wonderful

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l 0:701"





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«-





 

   

 

 





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said (East of 'Rockggs)





 

 

   

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





FREIGHT PAID

EAST OF ROCKIES





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Wisconsins have hot water heat. was MT. ;

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double walls, double glass doors, 3:33 :3 "'"‘

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latmg. Nursery under egg tray. Me of an”! * (1‘) If not satISflOd





select. clear cALlronma n'aowooo mi pine, pufn;



or other flimsy material. Incubator finished in natura color—not painted to cover up cheap, shoddy



material Incubator and Brooder shipped complete with t :ggteete butth



oil. ’l‘his' 1s the best outfit you can buy If you don't find it satisfactory ter 30 dayshm trial. sendt . Don’t



buy until you t our New 1915 catalog. fully describing this mgrize-winning outfi t.shalso shom larger machines.

Racine, Wis.





 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 





‘ WRITE FOR T TODAY. You can 't makes uying a Wisconsin.





' WISCONSIN INCUBATOR COMPANY, Box ”2





BEE IIIVES. SECTIONS, BE'IIIIY BASKETS AIIII‘





tomb Foundations, Smokers elo. '3 QUART GRATES-





r_ Both wood and paper baskets.



,_ Send for catalog A. Thorough- 200 waxlined paper baskets post-



j bred Italian bees and queens paid in let and 2nd 110an for 31.

Ask for catalog B. 0.





Ask for catalog





M. H. HUNT 81 SON. Box 525, LANSING. MICH.





Tells why chicks die





E. J. Reefer, the poultry expert of 543 Main St.

Kansas City, Mo., is giving away free a valuable

book entitled White Diarrhoea and How to Cure

It ” '1‘ his book contains scientific facts on whitediarrhoea

and tells how to 111 cpare a simple home solution that cures

this terrible disease over night and actually miseQflS per

c1 nt of every hatch, All poultry ruisers should certainly

write Mr. Reefer 101‘ one of these valuable FREE books.





   





     





 





   





 





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Send Johnson your name





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





I H iilizrl'ulfiaget thke bedrock

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. Big production makes

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es. Orders filled





 





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I understand that you have made a !

rccord- bres king contract for many





 





 





 





 





 





the day received.





 





 





 





 





 





carIosds of best steel fencing. cre- f



forc,send me your new cataloc free i bomnéfilfifigf 6;. 031.533: .



(with prices starting a! I 11:.in now or not. ddress



0‘ '3“ F“ ”d ) 3 .M. MJohnson Co.

Name ' Clay Center. Nab.

Address s





 





 





 

 

 

 





WINS





.1. CT 1...... WmT... In 2 Biggest

“’"h 1..qu dlf°€§iiiiliiifi$ H ATC I'II NG

CONTESTS



Ever Held





'40 Eastman“ BOTH $ 1 o





ChickI Broader } FOR





__ Hordered 0together. 30 do?!

trial, uaranteem'rfliht

31.1.11 ‘3.“ mm- :drurg"; 1

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egu





. tank

cred . M

l " I sndwell made. sauna

on. for free catalogue.

Ironclad Incubator Co.

lo: 107 Ilactn





 





 

 

 





 

 

 





No Farm ournnl 845

HatchingflmtesESh eplaced 1

eggs": 0 incubator and hatched



strong ch iksc Think of that.

You can now trot

Maude“





   





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





Strongest. most durable made. 33:10

Open hearth w1rc. DOUBLE GALVANIZED.

Compare our quality and prim with others.





Bargain Prices—Direct From Factor





 

 





   

 





 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 





(8)





     





 





 





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41 INCHES HIGH FOR 2 I





My Free Book “Hatching Facts”





Tells how thousands make big hatches

ebig money with Belle City hatching'

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Stays only 6 inches apart.

Wires can not slip. 100

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r ’ until you got our factory

DON T BUY prit- es on best quality and

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esse 111(r stool wire fence ’6- inch hog

fence.1lc pcr rod. 41- inch farm fouie ’10

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OTE: All wires are gah zmized before

“woven. Write for free cat: ilog.





xTHE TIGER FENCE COMPANY.





Writs today for this great Free Book. oin the

money-making World' a Champion Poultry Raisers.

Book gives you full particulars of Hiya?





1 turf-<1

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Waukesha. W 1'. Boll. Clty Incubator 00.. Box 14, Racine. Wla.





 





 





K1 (KL





 





 





 





 





 





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WIIITE CEDAR FENCE Poms—““1““





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Special attention given to farmer olub orderslo

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Prairie State Incubators





Famous for hatching big, strong chicks that live. Built

for lasting serv1ce. reliability and economy of operation

utry miners find them pracoticaI

" an profitable





Prices $9 to $38

Made 1n five sizes “609 team

egg. All embody the Well- known

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Prairie state Incubator Co.



123 Halo 8t" Homer Clty. De.





I FIlOVE THAT I"





 





Michigan White Cedar





FENCE POSTS





GEORGE M. CHANDLER. Ouaw.ny





Write for

catalog





   





 





 





Mich.





 





‘ .111th Less than llonie-lade,tllWood Gales—

Costs Only HALF as Much as Iron, (is: Pipe erIIlre dates





I want to ship you as many “CAN'T-SAC" Gates as you need and let you use them30 ”1011313 on

your farm. I want to prove to you they are better. cheaper than any other cats made-cheap r than



tee you make yourself. I want you to put up my “cAll T-SAG" Gates—use them thirty days and if they

Sign ’t prove all I claim, I'l‘ take them beck—pay the freight both ways and you won't be out one penny.





Freight Prepaid—Guaranteed 5 Years—30 Daysfix Trial





Send tor my New, Gate look—get my Freight Prepaid otter—pick out the sizes I'll ship





stones. or p1. 8an¢le doable firm,"

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TjH-E M-I CH IG'A N 1? AR M‘E‘R,





Care of Young vTurkcys.





a reliable source of income.



There is a great difference in the

success of farmers, owing to the differ-

ence in the skill in managing the

young birds. The first step in raising

turkeys successfully is to have them

well born. The breeding stock should

be carefully selected, Whether it is

young or old. We prefer an adult

cock, from 23 to 25 pounds, and such

a bird may be kept three or four years

without change.





The male bird of whatever variety,

should be as perfect as possible in

plumage, shape and weight. If a

strong, healthy bird, and well bred, he

will leave his mark upon every one of

his offspring, however large the flock.

As a single act fertilizes a whole

clutch of egg one gobbler is suffi-

cient for 18 to 20 hens, and that is as

many as is desilable to keep on any

farm, however large.



Yearlings Best for Breeding.



In selecting hens we prefer yearlings

to pullets, and if satisfactory in every

respect they may be kept four or five

years. They lay larger eggs and bring

stronger poults. The hens should be

put with the gobbler as soon after

February 1 as possible. They will not

begin to lay before the last of March.



They should have nests prepared

for them near the house or barn, in





ON many farms turkey raising is





ed at night, so as to protect the hen

while sitting upon her eggs. If the

nest is covered with brush or old

boards, so as to be screened from ob-

servation, they will be more likely to

resort to it. They will require some

watching as the laying season ap-

proaches, to prevent them straying

out into the woods. It is a matter of

great importance that they should lay

near the house, where they can be

protected while sitting.

The Care of the Eggs.

The eggs should be carried into the





an old barrel or box, that can be closa





FEB. 27, 1915.





 





house as fast as laid, be placed in a.

large flat dish, in which a piece of

flannel has been spread. They should

be turned bottom side up every day,

and kept covered with the flannel to

prevent them from chilling.



When the brooding season comes

on, place from 15 to 17 eggs under

each hen. Cover the mouth of the box

or barrel every night, and keep food

near the nest, or watch for the bird

every day as she comes off, to see that

she is well fed. The eggs, if well car-

ed for, hatch with more uniformity

than those of any other domestic fowl.

Let the hen take her own time after

hatching, to leave her nest with her

young ones. When the mother bird is

ready to take the field, put the young

poults in a triangular pen, made of

boards about 12 feet long and one foot

wide, set up edgewise. This pen will

restrain the young ones for ten days

or more, and when they can fly over

the boards, it will be- safe to give

them more liberty.



The First Feeding.



Feed at first with hard boiled eggs

or with beef, chopped fine. Also give

them coarse ground meal scalded, and

mixed with milk, as much as they will

eat up clean. This food is the best

for them until they are a month or six

weeks old. If well fed every morning,

as soon as they come off the roost,

they will not wander much in the wet

grass. As the sun gets up they should

be driven into the fields, if they do not

go of their own accord.



After about six weeks if they be

given unlimited range, they will so

cure nearly all of their living in the

fields and woods. If fed regularly at

night they will come home early to

roost. They should be looked after

every night upon the roost to find if

any are‘missing. Particular attention

in these small things is generally the

measure of success in turkey raising.



Illinois. J. T. M.





iiilllllliiiilililiiliiiliiiliililiiiiilI[llilHillliiiiilliiiiiliiilliiiillilllllliii|illiiililiiililiiiliiiliillliilll liiiililllllIiiililiiililiililiiiiiliiiiiiili’liiiiIlllillilliilillliiliiiliiilililiiilHliiiliiiiiiillil|lIliiililllllililliiliililiiiliiiiilili





The Raising of Broilers for Profit.





 





Beginners often ask the question

can chicks be hatched in winter and

raised at a profit? The answer is, yes,

by some people. One who has had lit

tle or no experience with chicks,

should not attempt such a thing. It

is a. hard matter for beginners to raise

chicks, sometimes in the summer; and

they are much more difficult to handle

in winter.



Getting good, fertile eggs in Winter

is a problem beginners have to con-

tend with. And next comes the hatch«

ing. A good incubator is, of course,

a necessity. Brooders and brood-

houses must be provided. And if the

latter have to be built especially for

the purpose, it will be readily seen

that quite a little capital will be need-

ed. Then market facilities must be

considered. Therefore, we would ad-

vise all beginners to get good and

ready and begin to hatch chicks early

in March. That is, get the hens to

setting or the incubators going so that

the chicks will begins to come out

about April 1.



Winter Hatching Usually not Suc-



cessful.



We have found this plan more prac-

tical than trying to hatch out chicks

in the dead of winter. Winter chicks

are too often weak and sickly. When

we want winter chicks for broilers, to

be marketed in the early spring or

late in the winter, we hatch them out

in the fall, during the latter part of

September and on up to November 15.

This gives the chicks time to get a

start before cold weather sets in. Late

hatched chicks seldom grow as fast as

those batched in the early part of the

season, but they do much better, as a

rule, than those that come off in the

winter.





 





Some people advise us to hatch our





pullets for winter layers, in February.

We never tried it and never will. VVin-

ter chicks which, of course, must'be

hatched and reared by artificial meth-

ods, are suitable only for market pur-

poses, we believe. Everyone who

wants to be successful with chicks,

should provide. good comfortable hous-

es and not depend upon coops. This

applies to all seasons. Even in sum-

mer, little chicks suffer during wet.

weather. It is next to impossible to

keep a coop dry and quite as difficult

to keep it clean. If chicks can be

kept in a clean, dry, well-ventilated

house, they will seldom take gapes.

While, if they sit in damp filthy coops

and are allowed to wander around

through the rain they soon begin to

droop. In dry warm weather it is

easy to care for chicks in almost any

sort of coop. It is the cold rains that

play havoc with the poorly protected

broods. Even the best of houses are

none 1110 good for use in cold or rainy

weather. They must be large enough

to give the chicks room for exercise.

Have plenty of windows and good

floors. If the siding is not as close

as it should be, we would advise the

use of some kind of sheathing. We

use plain sheathing on the inside or

tarred sheathing on the outside. If

the houses are intended only for sum-

mer, it is not necessary to make them

so close; but they must have good

roofs that will not leak.

Protect Chicks from Storms.



Last season we learned a valuable

lesson. Our chick-houses (four in

number) were all occupied, having

been in use since early in the spring,

as we are in the habit of filling the

houses with the early broods. We

kept on hatching until the last of June

and some of these chicks were put in
FEB. 27, 1915.





 





 





 





GILBERT HESS





Doctor of

Veterinary Science



Doctor 0!



Medicine





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Free Prescription by 111'. lless





 





Name





 





Address





 





 





If any, of your poultry or animals are sick.

send full details in a letter and -Dr. Hess,

(M. D.. D V. S.) will grescribe for them

» free of‘charge. Send c; stamp for reply. ,





 





 





 

 





THE MICHIGAN 'FARMER





 





Why 50 out of every 100 chicks die—





2%:





 

 

   





I can save most of this loss for you





What are you doing now to condition

your poultry for the production of fertile

eggs? Nothing—at least, a lot of people

don ’1‘ do anything, and then they wonder

why the baby chicks keep dropping off

one by one until more than half the hatch

die. Then they say the poultry business

doesn’t pay. Start in right now to tone

up and condition your hens according





Dr. Hess Poultry

PAN -A-CE-A





Not a Stimulant, but a Tonic

Costs 1c 1: day for 30 town





to “the Hess idea” and I guarantee you’ll

make the poultry business a real busi-

ness. And when the baby chicks are

hatched remember that half the yearly

hatch die through leg weakness, diar-

rhoea, gapes and indigestion; but re-

member, also, that most of this great

loss can be surely saved by the

use of





I have compounded this scientific ,preparation from the knowledge I have gained as a lifetime

veterinarian and doctor of medicine. I discovered that the use of a certain nerve tonic and

appetizer would overcome leg weakness ; that a certain internal antiseptic could be taken up into

the blood and would prevent and remedy gapes by causing the worms in the windpipe (the cause

of gapes) to let go their hold and help the chick throw them 011’. By combining these ingredients

with certain bitter tonics and laxatives I found that the little chicks’ digestion could be consider-

ably invigorated. ‘





i A Preparation of 22 years’ standing





My Pan-a-ce-a will put your fowl in splendid condition for the production of fertile eggs; it will

help your chicks grow rapidly—put them squarely on their feet—help them feather quickly and

keep them in perfect health. All the many years that Dr. Hess Poultry Pan-a-ce-a has been on

the market, it has never been sold on claims or say so, but absolutely on the results it must bring

each buyer. I urge you to put my Pan—a—ce-a to the test under the broadest and most unqualified

merchandizing guarantee you have ever read. Here it is:



9“ .iifii'fiefifl' 12;?123'3‘51‘3. Pgfixil’itiffie: it}?$t¥3n£°$2£333%l‘ial2¥é W



authorized my dealer In your town to supply you with enough for your whole flock.



w and it it doesn’t do as I claim, return the empty packages and get your money back. m

My Pan-a-ce—a is sold only by reputable dealers Whom you know. It is never peddled. 1% lbs.

25c; 5 lbs. 60c; 25-lb. pail $2.50. Except in Canada and the far West.





Send for my free book that tells all about Dr. Hess Poultry Pan-a-cesa.





DR. HESS & CLARK, Ashland,





 





 





 





Dr. Hess

Stock Tonic





Your stock need this

tonic now to harden

and condition them

after the confined

heavy feeding of win-

ter. There's nothing

better to put horses in

trim for hard spring

and summer work.

Milch _cows [mod it

badly Just now to pre-

pare them for the heavy

milking season ahead.

Dr. Hess Stock Tonic

makes all stock healthy

—keeps them toned up

and expels worms. Sold

under money-back

guarantee. 25-]b. pail.

$1.60: lOO—lb. sack $5.00.

Smaller packages as

low as 500, except in

Canada. the far West

and the South. Send

2c for my ncwfrec Stock

Tonic Book.





Dr. Hess

Instant

tense Killer





Kills lice on poultry

and all farm stock. Dust

the hens and chicks

with it. sprinkle it on

the roosts. in the cracks.

or if kept in the dust

bath the hens will dis-

tribute it. Also destroys

bugs on cucumber.

squash and melon

Vines. cabbage worms.

etc.. slugs on rose

bushes. etc. Comes in

handy sifting top cans.

1 lb. 250; 3 lbs. 60c.

Except in Canada and

the far West.





Ohio
VTHE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





Copyrl ht 1915 by

R.J. Reyno dsTobueco Co.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





f‘LAwu PARK” Coop





Saves Your Chicks ._.._._.

The Wire Park which pulls out like a drawer. giyes

hen and chicks fresh grass. air_and sunshine during

the day: closes at night and m. storms. This coop

meets every demand; ports 3. With removable floor

for easy c caning; roomy.



l bght. durable, sanitary.





PROOF





$523!

Weasels, etc.





Made of galvanized metal- repels vermin. Size, open.

13 In. x 24 in. x 48 in. Pays for itself m chicks and labor

Write today for free Circulars, special prepaid



odor and how to turn work mto pleasure and profit.

CYCLONE MFG. co.. DEPT. I. 3 URBANA, IND.I





 





   

 

 

 

 





 





 





‘ GREIDER’S Fine CATALOGUE





l.

. and calendar of pure bred poultry: 70 varieties illustrated and

3 described. many m nltunl colors, Pcrfeut guide to poultry

"isms—lull of facts. Low prices on stock and eggs for hatch.

ing. Incubators and broaden. 22 years In business. You

- need [has noted hook. Send 10c for u—todny.





. o. HIGREIDER :: :z :: 'Box 56. 'RHEEMS. PAC





%<>53‘-'<‘5"-"° POULTRY





and Almanac for 1915 has over 200 page: with

many colored plates of fowls true to life. lttclls

all about chickens, their prices. their care. die

scenes and remedies. Allabout Incubators, their

prices and their operation. All about. poultry

houses and how to build them. lt’p an encyclo-

pedia. of chickendom. You need it. Only 150.

C. 0. BHOEIIAKEB. Box 911 Freeport, "I.





 





 





 





 





Made of Galvanimd Steel. Can be used

In any box. Safe and durable. Hot water

heat. All complete. 'lncubator book free.





We make 7] different articles.





WENDEIJ. lucunnon co.. Holly. Isa.





$2.50 for 25 to 50 CHICK HOVE





Additional Poultry ads. on page 273.





try/5 t [{gnnin





Silberzafin





simplicity, strength and durability. its

can't clog and safety features, its abso-





lute supremacyamong ensilage cutters. It





Just like raising

bumper crops





Every man who packs Prince Albert

‘ tobacco into his old jimmy pipe gets

back 100 % pleasure and satisfaction.

Sort of like getting bumper crops!





" Plum:





Prince Albert certainly will

give you more happiness

than any tobacco you can

smoke, because it not only

has a remarkable flavor and

aroma, but it is made by an

exclusive patented process

that cuts out the bile!





ALBERT





the national joy smoke





will surely revolu-

tionize your pipe-

smoke notions.





And Prince Albert is

just as joyous, just

as sunshiny, used In

any other way as in

a pipe.



Invest ten cents for a

. tin and know for your-

self how good Prince

Albert really is.





Sold everywhere in toppy

red bags, 5c: tidy red

tins, 10c,- also in pound

and half-pound tin Im-

midor: and in handsome

crystal - glau pound hu-

midon with the lponze

in the top that always will

keep your supply ofl’. A.

delightfully fresh.





R. .I. REYNOLDS

TOBACCO CO. V

Winston-Salem, N. C.





 





 





 





. The Hatching

Sensation Of

The Season.

Absolutely auto-

j‘matic in opera-

tion. J net the

machine for be-

'nners. Copper

otWaterHeat-

ing System. Double Glass Door. Side

walls and Top are made of three thick-

messes. Pat’d regulator and Thermome-

tor. Beautiful finish,handsome steel legs,





5 7 5 Buy: our 60 Egg Incuba-

, l Ior, with Broader 37.85,

J ust the size for small poultry raisers.

Exactly like our 150 Egg size,but smaller.

ORDER DIRECT FROM AD.



Others are doing so, why not you.

Our guarantee protects you. We will

cheerfully refund your money if you

are not satisfied. '



Machines come all set up and ready for

use. Not knocked down. No extras

to buy.



Order now and start an early hatch,

or send for booklet.





WOLVERINE SALES COMPANY,

711 Delaware St. , Dept. 5, Grand Rapids,Micli.





BUYS THIS I50 EGG

7 25 INGUBATOR, WIIII I50

. Ohlck Broader $9.35.





 





a vacant corn crib while others were

placed in ordinary coops made of large

boxes. On the evening of July 22 a

heavy rain began to fall. It was very

moderate, at first, but it proved, later,

to be a cloud-burst. We had to go

right out in the midst of the storm

and rescue the chicks in the coops

from drowning. We had some diffi-

culty in saving the chicks, although

they were nearly all as large as quails.

They were put in dry boxes and

brought into the house, where they re-

mained all night beside the kitchen

range. They all recovered, but some

were badly stunted. We will never

use small coops again.



We recently hit upon a novel plan

for covering the poultry house, where

they need something to keep out cold,

or to keep the floors from getting bad-

ly soiled. Take cheap roofing or

sheathing (not the tarred kind) and

tack it on the floor. Over this put a

quantity of clean litter, which will

help to keep it clean. Any kind of

heavy paper will do to use in brooders

or chick houses. When soiled, we

burn the paper. This is easier than

cleaning the floors. A good permanent

floor can be made of lumber covered

with a good grade of patent roofing.

We have two hen house floors covered

this way. The hens cannot tear it up

as easily as some other covering. Poul-

try will not thrive in winter with cold

feet.



Ohio. ANNA W. GALLIGHER.





EGG-EATING HENS.





 





I am troubled with my hens eating

the eggs immediately after laymg

them. I have tried everything I could

think of but to no avail. If you could

favor me with some kind of scheme

to prevent this it will be greatly ap-

preciated.



Macomb Co. J. W.



The way the hen usually contracts

the habit of eating eggs is by acci-

dentally breaking an egg when getting

out of the nest. After getting a taste

of the egg which she likes, she often





 





 





 





 





 





 





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thereafter breaks the shells of new-

laid eggs and eats them. The taste

of eggs is especially pleasing to hens

whiclbare not getting a balanced ra-

tion, and who crave something con«

taining considerable protein. It is

therefore important that one feed

hens some beef or bone meal or milk

to go with their regular grain ration.

Keeping the hens busy by making

them work for their feed will also

help to counteract this habit, and the

shells of eggs used in the house, which

are to be fed to the hens, should be

crumpled and heated in the oven be-

fore feeding. Despite all one can do,

sometimes it is rather hard to break

the egg-eating habit. Some are suc-

cessful by filling an egg shell with red

pepper or Other disagreeable stuff, or

by putting china eggs around for the

hens to peek at and hurt their bills.

Keeping the, nests dark will also tend

to break or prevent the habit.



-If none of these methods effect a

cure, it would be advisable to get rid

of the hens who have the habit, or put

them in a. place by themselves so that

they do not 'teach the others.





 





GETTING SETTING HENS DURING

THE WINTER.





 





Referring to the article in your Jan-

uary 9 issue, entitled “A Hatch Every

Month,’ will you be good enough to

advise me what kind of hens one must

have to achieve this “succession of

crops,” as you call it? Is there a

strain of hens that will set during the

cold weather? Am asking for this in

formation for the reason that I have

had some difficulty in getting both

chickens and eggs and am looking for

a solution of the problem.



Wayne Co. G. W. H.





I think, perhaps, some of my own





experiences will be the best answer to“





this corresp—ondent’s difficulties. For

a few years past I have had a flock of

hens in which Rhode Island Red blood

predominates. Efforts to build up the

laying qualities of this flock have

been made, the methods frequently

mentioned in this column being em-





FEB. 27, 1915."





played, and with a considerable de-

gree of success.

best winter layers, if hatched at the

right time, but each year I make it a

point to keep over some of the old

birds. These hens lay to some extent

all through the fall and winter. They

also become broody from time to time.





Occasionally the pullets develop the.





same trait, but as a rule I never set

a. bird in the cold weatherunless I

know her to be a true and tried moth~

er. Last winter I had a brood of

chicks come out December 8. Every

pullet was laying before the end of the

following May. At this writing, Feb<

ruary 4, we have one hen that has

been setting a. week, and two more

ready for the eggs to be put under

them. In a pen of one dozen old birds

I have had four or five that have

showed signs of broodiness since the

first of November. Hens will not set

unless they are layers. First get

them to laying in the winter and then

you will have a few setters at all sea~

sons. As the article in question stat-

ed, it is not possible to get any great

number of setters in the winter. In a.

flock of twenty birds, which number

was cut down to twelve in December,

I could have hatched a clutch of

chicks every month in the past year.

N. H. CHAS. H. CHESLEY.





 





KEEPING THE FLOCK HEALTHY.





 





I have 125 chickens and am feeding

as follows: Seven 3.. m., 4 qts. wheat

screenings, 4 qts. oats; 10:00 a. m.,

peck potatoes, cooked, 3 or 4 qts. of

nuddlings, mixed in warm mash; 4:00

p. m., half a bushel of corn chopped

on ear. Plenty of oyster shells and

warm drink. I want to keep the flock

healthy (R. I. Reds) through the win‘





ter but am obliged to keep same in’





coop 8x14 ft. I only get about half a

dozen eggs per day. Chickens seem

healthy. Am I feeding properly? The

flock has run of big yard when the

weather ~permits.

SUBSCRIBER.



There is lacking, in the ration men

tioned, some of the chief essentials

which go toward large egg production.

During the summer the chicken is able





'to pick up plenty of green food and





worms, and in order to get eggs in

winter we have to feed something in

place of these. To the ration above

mentioned some meat or none meal

should be added. Some place the com-

mercial beef scrap in hoppers and al-

low the hens to eat of it as they will.

Others add an ounce or two of it per

hen to the ration, mixed in either the

warm or dry mash. In place of beef

scraps ground green bone or sour milk

can be fed. In feeding milk one must

use‘special care in keeping the pan in

which the milk is. fed, thoroughly

clean. It should be cleaned and could

ed after each feeding. Green food of

some sort should also be fed. There

is really nothing better than sprouted

oats for this purpose, although cab-

bage, mangel and other kinds of green

food will also do well.



One will find that it is rather

hard to keep a hen coop 8x14- in which

125 hens are kept, in sanitary condi-

tion. He must give special attention

to keeping the coop clean when it is

so crowded. It is also quite essential

to have good ventilation, as the air

quickly becomes foul and the melsture

from the hens’ breath will congeal

on the walls and form frost unless it.

has some means of escape. The best

way to provide ventilation is to turn

the coop into the open-front type. If

there are windows, take out all of the

glass and replace it with wire netting.

Muslin curtains may also be placed

over the windows, but they should be

arranged so that they can be kept

raised at all times except when it

storms. When hens are kept in such

close quarters there need be no fear

as to their keeping warm, therefore

one should not hesitate about devot-

ing a, large share of— the south side of

the coop to open space for ventilation.

In doing this, though, it is necessary

to see that all the .other sides of the

coop are tight, so that the coop will

be draft proof. ‘





Pullets make the '
FEB. 27, 1915.





THE MICHIGAN FARMFR





9—257





 





Michigan Dairymcn’s Association.





ILKING time and early morning

M hours were forgotten for a few



days by the dairy farmers in

attendance at the thirty-first annual

meeting of the Michigan State Dairy-

men’s Association at Flint last week,

but the cow and her product were

not. They were ever in mind and in

the proper way. There is no other

business in which kindness and clean~

liness pay as well as in the dairying

business. These two, kindness and

cleanliness, were foremost -in the

thoughts and discussions given at the

meetings, and even all of the exhibits

typified either one of these good at-

tributes of human endeavor.



The opening session was first ad-

dressed by J. R. MacDonald, mayor of

Flint, who in welcoming the dairymen

to the city told them of the good agri-

cultural and dairying country around

Flint, of Flint’s progressiveness and

its public institutions. He said that

no industry was more closely related

to the people than the dairy business.

Its products are a natural and com-

mon food and much in regard to the

health and well-being of the public de-

pended upon their condition.



The Importance of Agriculture.



Former Secretary S. J. \Vilson, who,

for over 20 years served the society in

that office responded. He told of the

early history of the society and some

of the former meetings held at Flint.

He was reminded of an expression of

Ex-Governor Luce at one of the meet-

ings, which was, that if all the indus-

tries were destroyed, , agriculture

would revive them in a year, but if ag—

riculture was destroyed the industries

would not survive a year.



Prés.~ F. H. Vandenboom, in his an-

nual address, made a fine plea for the

grade cow. The grade cow produced

nearly all of the dairy products of the

county becausecnly five per cent of

the cows were pure-bred. A well-bred

grade cow almost equals the pure-bred

kind in production and the price of

the cow is not beyond the purse of

the average dairyman as is that of the

pure-bred cow. Pure-bred sires should

be used for the improvement of the

herd and in this respect the sire is

considered as half of the herd. Good

care. should be given, as an increase

of 50 per cent in production has been

obtained by better care. Currying

pays doubly, in increased production

of milk and in the improved appear-

ance of the cow. The cows should be

given plenty of water because it is in

many cases the limiting factor in milk

production. One herd’s production

was increased five gallons per day by

more frequent waterng of the cows.

The cow is the greatest animal God

left man, therefore we should give her

the best of care.



European Dairy Conditions.



As the others on the program for

the day were not able to be present,

Prof. A. C. Anderson was called upon

and gave a very interesting descrip-

tion of his visit to the famous dairy

districts of Europe, with special ref-

erence to the Islands of Guernsey and

Jersey. Both of these small islands,

Guernsey the size of a half township

and Jersey about a township and a

half, are famous for the breeds of

dairy cows they produce. Their fame

is due to the co-operative efforts of

the breeders in maintaining the blood

of the breeds. In neither island is a.

cow from elsewhere allowed except

that it be slaughtered within 24 hours.

Also, any animal sold from the islands

is never bought back again. While

there is some. in-breeding by the use

of these methods it is not detrimental

because there is great care used in

breeding, and on account of the large

number of the particular breed on‘ the

island there is considerable good

stock to select from. On Guernsey

there are about 6,000 cows, of which

4,500 are. registered; this ‘makes an

average of one cow to two acres. The





lesson to us is that we can develop

the dairy business to a very much

greater degree than we have it. The

cows are very carefully staked out so

that there will not be any grass wast-

ed, and other good care given to get

maximum results. Prof. Anderson al-

so briefiy described the dairy districts

of Switzerland, Holland and Scotland.

His description of the cheese market

of the Netherlands was very good.

Dairy Cow Demonstration.



At the evening session Prof. Ander-

son gave a demonstration lecture with

dairy cows. With several good speci-

mens on hand he brought out their

good and bad points with regard to

their conformity to the dairy type.

This was brought out in such an inter-

esting manner that it suggested to

those present who supposed they

knew a dairy cow, many new points

on the dairy conformation. After this

lecture those in attendance adjourned

to a local moving picture show where

moving pictures of the various dairy

operations were given.



The last three days of the meeting

was worse than a three-ring cir-

cus, as the cheesemakers, buttermak-

ers, ice cream manufacturers, cream-

ery owners and managers, and milk

producers were all in session at once.

The programs were well supplied

with subjects of interest to those in-

terested in the various auxiliary or-

ganizations.



The work of the officers of the state

association was so satisfactory during

the past year that they were renomi-

nated with no opposition. The secre-

tary-treasurer’s report showed steady

growth of the association and a good

balance in the treasury.



The exhibit hall was filled with all

kinds of dairy and creamery equip-

ment. This included everything from

salt to machinery necessary to make

butter by the hundreds of pounds. The

exhibit hall was very nicely arranged

and all of the exhibits showed off to

advantage.





RATION FOR YEARLING HEIFER.





 





I have a year-01d heifer, one—half

Holstein and one-half Jersey. I am

feeding her one pound of bran and

one teacupful of each, corn and oats,

ground together, and shelled corn,

with alfalfa hay twice a day. She

seems to be doing well, that is, she

grows but does not get fat. What I



want to know is, will I see any ill

effects from this ration when I turn

her out to pasture in the spring?



Barry Co. F. M.



I would consider this almost an

ideal ration for a. young growing heif-

er. If you have a feed of coarse

roughage like oat straw or cornstalks,

I believe it would be just as well for

the heifer. The present ration is very

digestible, and a. coarse food would

tend to distend the digestive organs

more, and would, I believe, be an im-

provement. At the same time, a feed

of straw or cornstalks once a day

would be cheaper than alfalfa hay

twice a day.



Again, I believe in keeping the heif-

er used to eating some coarse stuff;

we always have more or less of this

class of food on the farm that must be

turned into cash through the dairy

cow and we want her to relish it. She

will always eat it with relish if she

gets an appetite for it when young.





We have yours of recent date in ref-

erence to four-line ad space for 12

weeks and have decided to try the

same. Our herd is composed entirely

of advanced registry cows. The 'cor-

respondence we usually get from your

readers indicates that they want some-

thing of.the very best for about half

what an animal of that kind is worth,

for instance, a yearling bull for $50

when a good one, if a steer, would

bring $75 for beef. They do not seem

to think it costs anything to develop

good producing cows with official rec-

ords. We have never had to beef any

of our males, but we certainly will if

we can not get what they are worth.

——Dewey C. Pierson, Lapeer county.





 





 





 





 





   





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' the hay and cornstalks.





TH‘E MICHIGAN FARMER





PLENTY OF PROTEIN.





 





I have cornstalks, hay, (timothy and

June grass mixed, mostly June grass).

Feed hay in morning, all the cows will

eat. At noon I feed cornstalks in the

yard, and at night cornstalks in the

barn. Feed 4% lbs. corn, ground with

cob, 2% lbs. bran, 2 lbs. cottonseed

meal twice a day. Each cow gives 20

qts. of milk per day. Is this a proper-

ly balanced ration?



Barry Co. P. L. G.





Four pounds of cottonseed meal is a.

pretty heavy feed of this product; one

must be a careful feeder when as

much as this is fed. Besides, four

pounds of cottonseed meal furnishes

over 1.6 pounds of protein, and two

and a half pounds of protein is amply

sufficient for 1000 pounds live weight

of animal for the entire ration. I am

of the opinion you could cut out two

pounds of the cottonseed meal and

mix your corn and cob meal equal

parts by weight and get equal results

if you feed the same number of pounds

of grain. If you can get the same re-

sults, you can cheapen and better the

ration.





 





COST OF' KEEPING A HEIFER.





 





Will you give me figures as to the

cost of keeping a heifer from Novem-

ber 1 to May 1 (six months)? She is

fed clover hay and cornstalks. A kept

this heifer for B (she was 10 months

old November 1). and neither one

knows what it is worth, but both part-

ies want to do the right thing regard-





ing payments.

Newaygo Co. W. G. A.





No one can tell the actual cost or

very near it. The heifer might be a

large animal or a. small one. What is

the price of clover hay, also the price

of cornstalks?



I suggest that you weigh the feed

the heifer actually eats and wastes,

for one or two days each month and

then estimate for the balance of each

month. She will waste some; this

cannot be helped, but should be charg-

ed to the cost just the same. This is

the way we estimate the cost of feed-

ing cows in our cow-testing associa-

tions. Then charge a fair price for

Let the labor

of feeding and caring for the animal

offset the manure she produces.





BUCKWHEAT BRAN.





 





What is the relation of wheat bran

to buckwheat bran, as to feed value,

pound for pound, as a feed for milch

cows and yearlings?



Manistee Co. W. F. D.





Buckwheat bran is a very uncertain

product. It doesn’t always go by the

same name. Some call it buckwheat

hulls bran. Buckwheat bran is the

mixture of buckwheat middlings and

buckwheat hulls. If the hulls are sep-

arated from the middlings they are

simply known as buckwheat hulls.



Buckwheat middlings are quite rich

in protein, containing 26.7 per cent,

but when the hulls are not separated

from the middlings the mixture known

as buckwheat bran contains only 12.6

per cent protein. The hulls alone are





 





 





WIT/1656 Seven Cows





 

 





may all be kept for one year on the product of one acre of land. It’s hardly believable. And

keeping seven cows for a whole year on one acre goes a long way towards reducing the

cost of milk. Rou' Burr Ila Corn produced in one year on one acre 70 tons and 800 pounds.

Thls enormous crop W0" our 350-00 Hold prize for the heaviest yield. We offer $100 in gold

to first party breaking this record. We‘belleve this record cannot be broken by any other

corn. but Eureka can still beat it. Figuring at the rate of 50 pounds of ensllaze per day.

Which is a very liberal allowance, this amount will feed seven cows for one year, with

enough left over for 261 feeds. We believe our crop of Eureka Corn for 1815 planting will

minute better than.” per cent. Eureka Corn was introduced by us about 25 years ago.

t is a white. smooth—dent com, grows the tallest, usuall from 18 to 20 feet. haahroed. long

leaves andis shortjointcd. I! planted thin, it will yie d two and three ears to the stalk.

Plandnfi‘xumka Corn-ls as flood as an Insurance policy to an farmer. It grows where

other ind: nail and the yield is tremendous. Last season links can was planted in

47 suites and the returns Were exceedingly gratifying.





R s’ Eureka Ensllage Corn





Grows ta lest, has the most leaves. greatest number of em. The four heav-

iest acres of this corn in one year gave a total yield of 200 tons and 98 lbs.. an

average or 50 tons and 24 lbs. per acre. This is not much above the average

yield for Rou' Bucks Corn if it is planted under favorable conditions.

You do not need to plantyour whole farm when you can fill a zoo-ton sun

from 4 to 6 acres will: tour Eureka. The best money you can spend on the

farm is for good seed. Poor seed is dear at any price. but good seed is always

worth what you pay for it. Ask yourself wlmt'oorn is worth per bushel that will produce

70 tons and 800 lbs. per acre over ordinary corn. We meant. asking you hocxperiment. We

are only asking you to buy seed co'n from us that thousands of successful farmers have

bought. from us and planted on their own Val-mu, year anaryear, and have found it. to be the

, cheapest audhestcoru they can buy . Ross' Euro-kn. Corn shelled is alwayoahlpped in on: trade-

marked burlap bags, and our com is shipped in rul-p-oonrudn-markedormiaholding Ill-pounds. Either

buy direct of- us or nome of our agents who have the genuine. Write uroncel‘oy catalogue and WMQDI.





3056 BIOS. COMPANY. 31 Front Skeet. Worcester-yuan.





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





ertlnd to advertisers please mention The ma:- lunar.





.





 





[poor stuff worth practically nothing

las a food. “'heat bran contains 15.4

Iper cent protein, therefore one pound

of Wheat bran would be worth a little

more than 1.2 pounds of buckwheat

bran.





BEAN MEAL VS. LINSEED MEAL.





 





What is the value of bean meal,

compared with linseed meal, as to

amount of protein, feeding value, etc.,

for dairy cows? Also, which is the

cheaper feed with bean meal at $22

per ton, and linseed meal at $35?



Saginaw Co. R. H. B



Bean meal contains a trifle more

than 20 per cent protein, while Iln-

seed or oil meal contains about 36 per

cent, and as a source of protein at the

prices named the bean meal would be

the cheaper feed. Certainly some bean

meal, under the circumstances, should

be used in the ration. It must be

borne in mind, however, that bean





 





meal is not as palatable as on meal.





 





FEB. 27, 1915.





and also that bean meal, if fed in lib~

eral amounts, makes a hard, tallowy .

butter that is; not desirable. Oil meal

tends to produce soft fat and a butter

less firm in texture, and is quite de-

sirable for winter feeding. But a. por—

tion of the protein can be furnished in

bean meal with very satisfactory re-

sults.





 





KEEP THE COWS COMFORTABLE.





 





Remember that the dairy cow is a

daily revenue producer, and is the

most valuable asset on the farm. She

requires work, and is profitable in

proportion to the attention she re-

ceives; She is a source of immediate

income, and at the same time helps

keep up the fertility of the soil. Also

rememben that the dairy cow is a

mother, and that good care, kind and

gentle usage, liberal feeding, and

healthful environment are necessary

if she is to give good profit from her

motherhood. As you measure to the

cow, so shall it be measured to you in

return.





 





DOES IT PAY?





 





The following is submitted for the

benefit of those who do not think that

a few cows can be fed as they are in

large dairies, and that a balanced ra-

tion doesn’t pay.



I have two five—year—olds, and one

two-year-old, all half-blood Guernseys,

The heifer tests one per cent better

than her mother. One of the five-year-

olds tests a little less than her moth-

er, and the other, which was bought

when one year old, tests 4.40, which

is a little higher than the other five-

year—old. However, they make prac-

tically the same amount of butter by

test and weight of milk.



My creamery statement for Novem-

ber was 2,011 lbs. milk, 84.46 lbs. of

butter at 351/20 per. pound, amounting

to $29.98. ' This was produced from

$18 worth of feed, consisting of cut

fodder, corn and cob meal, cottonseed

meal and wm'zel tops night and morn-

ing, with clover hay at noon.



The grain was figured by weight,

the fodder by the bundle and hay es.

timated, all at market price. Nothing

was charged for root tops, as they

would have gone to waste if not fed.



This shows about $1 for each 60

cents worth of feed, besides the skim-

milk, which at 25 cents per 100 pounds

would amount to $4.25 for.the month.

This would make the total for the

month over the cost of the feed a lit-

tle better than $16.



The December statement was 1,988.

lbs. of milk, 79.52 lbs. of butter, at 40

cents a pound, $31.80. This was made

from $19.80 worth of feed. The feed

was the same as in November except

that roots were fed when the tops

were gone. They were figured at 12

cents per bushel, or about What it cost

to raise them, and included in the

above cost price. Adding the value of

the skim-milk to the gross returns and

deducting the cost would show better

than $16 above the cost of feed for

the month..



Last winter these two cows just

about paid for their feed, and the

skim-milk for the trouble, because

they were fresh in the spring, and

having no roots and no clover hay, I

had to feed oil meal in connection-

with the corn and cob meal, and cot-

tonseed meal, which made a more ex-

pensive ration. I aim to have heifers

freshen in the spring and thereafter

in the fall, but sometimes plans fail.





.I I have a three-quarter Guernsey two





years old to freshen in April.





I do not advocate scrubs or grades,

but believe by having them freshen in

the fall and starting with a. balanced

ration before they fall off in milk, they

can be made to more than pay their

way while we are grading up and

working toward better and more prot-

itable ones. ' ’ '





Berrien CO. 1'. E. DOAN‘E.
I





FEB. 27, 1915.





‘THE' MICHIGAN FARMER





' Knowmthc Individual Cow.





 





cows in the herd is one of the



most necessary things in the

program of the successful dairyman.

There is hardly a. problem in the dairy

business whose solution does not. rest

in some measure upon the individual-

ity of the herd. Much has been said

about the comparative worth of the

different breeds of cattle, but there is

more difference in individuals of eacn

of the great breeds, than exists be

tween the breeds.



It is well to decide upon some breed

and stick to that decision, but with

that matter settled, we are compelled

to turn our thoughts to the individuals

out of which we expect to evolve our





THE knowledge of the individual





' future herd, and secure in whole or in





part, our living.



Study of Individuals P'rofitable.



If we are to improve our herd by

better breeding, we must discover our

best cows. We do not want to go on

from year to year, simply guessing. If

we are to build up our herd we want

the heifers from our best cows. We

can afford to take a great deal of

pains to mate the very good cow. We

can not hope for great results from

the daughter of a poor cow, even if

the sire is a good one. If we have no

really good cows in our herd, we

should know it as soon as possible.

Perhaps we may have one or two cows

that are of great value, but we have

never tested them, and so their splen-

did performance has been concealed

by the small results from the rest of

the herd. The very first thing to do

if we are to build up our herd, is to

make a study of our cows as individ-

uals. '



Having disc’overed the comparative

worth of our cows, we can breed the

best ones to the sire that will procure

the desired results, and knowing their

origin, we shall naturally take better

care of the calves than we should if

we knew nothing of the worth of

their dams:





Developing the Individual.



I have written thus far, in a very

general way, but I wish it might be

possible to convince the average man

who keeps cows of the difference be-

tween simply keeping a herd along

from year to year, milking them and

raising their calves without any

knowledge of them individually, and

breeding and feeding those cows as

individuals.



The writer has in his barn just now

a heifer that has a. right to be worth

more than an ordinary cow some day.

He knows this, and so he is watching

her every day when he is at home.

There are a number of heifers in this

community that are born well enough

to make them objects of interest to

their owners. These heifers will re-

ceive much better care because of

their good breeding.



The writer has become interested in

some of them himself, that are miles

away. He is interested because he

knows the cows and the sire from

which they descended. But if it is im—

portant for the breeder to know the

cow as an individual, it is no less

essential to know her in order to feed

her properly.



In a general way, people who keep

cows feed them to sustain the body,

and an allowance above this amount

from which to produce milk. There

is a wide difference in cows in the dis-

position of the food they consume

above the natural requirements of

their bodies. Some will manufacture

the surplus food products into fat, and

add it to their weight. Others will

produce both fat and milk, and others

will give more and more milk while

the ration is increased. While there

are cows and cows that will eat and

eat, and eat, and what they do with it,

no man has ever yet written or said.



Making the Poor Cow Pay.

The longer I feed cows, the more I





realize the necessity of more knowl-

edge of them as individuals. There

are some cows that can hardly be fed

too much. They are of the class that

keep right on milking more and more

until the limit is reached, and do not

carry more flesh than they should, no

matter how much is fed. But those

cows that swallow their food and give

neither flesh nor milk in return are

not to be trusted to eat until they are

ready to stop. They must have some-

one to think for them. If the owner

man knows his business, he can often

make such cows pay.



A gentleman told me some time ago

how he managed one of these other-

wise unprofitable cows. He was a

member of the first cow-testing asso-

ciation organized in the United States.

One of his cows lacked nearly two dol-

lars of paying for her feed in one

month. During the next month, he re-

duced her feed to the standard fixed

in “The Hecker Tables” and she made

a. profit of over a dollar and a half. If

he had known nothing about this cow

as an individual she might have lived

on, losing money for owner, for years.



It is better for the cow that does

not put the food she eats to some good

purpose, to be fed no more than she

will use with some degree of economy.



Feed the Good Cow Liberally.

On theot'her hand, the great produc-





er is often injured by scanty feedings





A man of my acquaintance once pur-

chased a very fine grade Jersey heif-

er from a neighbor. She was a de—

scendent from one of the best families

of cows I have ever known. In fact, I

have not yet seen a poor animal in

that family. They were practically

pure-bred Jerseys,

registered.



He paid $75 for that heifer when

she was three years old. A pretty

good price for a grade at that time.

She was giving 35 pounds of milk per

day, which probably tested five per

cent. I saw him three months later

and asked how the heifer came out.



“I was cheated in that cow.





 





but could not be;





She





gives no more than the rest of the





herd. She was all right When I got

her, but she is not worth a cent more

than my cows, now that I have tried

her out. “How much did you feed

her?” I asked. “1 fed her as I did the

rest,” was his answer.





Of course, I told him that the fault

was his. No cow, good nor poor, can

make “something out of nothing.” The

good cow must be fed more than the

average cow, because we expect more

from her. The man of whom I have

written did not furnish this valuable

heifer enough food to enable her to

work the machinery for the producv

tion of milk, up to the limit, and so

after borrowing from her body for a

time, she refused longer to honor the

checks which he drew upon her, that

is, .she reduced her milk flow to a

point where she could still sustain her

body. Of course, he was making little

more profit from her than from his

other cows. but it was his fault. If he

had given her the raw material out of

which to manufacture the product,

she would have justified his faith In

her, when he paid for her a higher

price than had at that time been paid

for any grade cow in our neighbor-

hood.



The lesson to be learned from his

experience is, do not feed the poor

cow too much, and be very sure not

to feed the good cow too little.



Oceana Co. W. F. TAYLOR.





 





The “save the calf” propaganda is

winning followers in various parts of

the country, and this is going to be a

great help in increasing the beef pro-

duction. Of late calves arriving in the

Chicago market have embraced but a

small representation of light vealers,

and sales have been made as high as

$12 per 100 pounds.





 





 





 





 





11—259





O





m I

l" ll

viii," I





When you pay a man for pumping water, sawing wood, pitch-

ing hay into a mow, etc., you are paying for the highest priced

power in the world.





Why don’t you quit? There’s plenty of work that only a man

can do. Get intelligence out of your men and depend on a Novo

Engine for power.





. I'f contractors depended on man—power our big constructions —-

buildings, dams, canals —— would never be started. The cost would

be out of reach.





Investigate for yourself the labor, time and cost saving possible

to you with >





 





 





ENGINES

and OUTFITS





the easy portability of Nova

Engines are advantages no farmer

should overlook. You can have

your. Novo mounted on skids,

hand truck or horse drawn truck.

Sizes from 1 to 15 horse power.





 





Rica-3' ”to“





Let the Novo man in ybur town

tell you some real engine facts.

Get figures on what reliable

power will save you.





Consider the features of the

Novo Engine. Notice its com-

pactness. The gasoline is in the

base. The water is in the hop-

per around the cylinder.





The light weight, the simplicity,





And don’t forget—freezing can’t

harm a Novo Engine. With the

water in the cooling system frozen

solid you can start your N ovo.





Let Us Talk These Points Over in Person





Resolve to look into the question of Reliable Power

today. Fill in and tear off the coupon below or drop us a

postal and we will tell you where you can see Novo En-

gines demonstrated. It is no obligation on your part. It will be

up_to us to prove that a Novo Engine will give you sufficient

reliable power and do it cheaper than any other method you ’





 





 





 





 





can USC-

I

ENGINE CO ’

‘ . ” MF

CLARENCE E. BEMEN T, Sec’y and Manager ’



561 Willow Street, LANSING, MICHIGAN I N9V°

. ’ Engine

llovo Farners’ Handy Holst This outfit is built to meet a rapidly ’ C ompany

mcreasmg demand for a small inexpensive hoist on Lansing, Mich.



the farm. This hoist will pay for itself in one sea- ’ Gentlemen.-— -





. Without any obli a-

tlon, please tell me w y

Novo is the best engine for my

requirements. I use—want~—an



’ engine for the following purposes





son. For unloading hay it is far better than a

team. Well worth

investigating.

Refer to Fig.





No. 15137.





   





N0.F1i§i37





 





I

’ MI-





’ and require about -.V,__..-





I





I

’ N ame__w-n-__fi_ an“.





Ad ass
260 -—-12





The Michigan Farmer





Established 1843. C opy right 1914.





The Lawrence Publishing Co.





Editors and Proprietors.

39 to 45 Congress St. West. Detgolt. Michigan

TELEPHONE MAIN 4am.

NEW YORK OFFICE-41 Park Row. .

CHICAGO OFFC 15—604 Advertising Building.

CLEVELAND OFFICE—10114015 Oregon Ave.. N. E.

PHILADELPHIA 0FFICE—214—218 Twelfth St. '





Ll. J. LAWR ENCE......... ..... ................

1H. L. LAWRENCE................................Vice.Presidcnt

L H. HOUGHTON .................................... Sea-Treats,

I R. WATERBURY.................................

F. A. WILKEN ......................

ALTA LAWSON LITTELL . .........





HURT WERMUTH-u

E, H, HOUGHTON .......................... Business Manager





 





. President





Assoicate

Editora





 

 

 





 





TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:





One ycar' 52 issues..........................................50 cents

Two years_ 104 issues .......................................... 1,00

Three years, 156 isSues ....................................... 31,25

Five years, 2601»qu 2,00





All sent postpaid.

Canadian subscriptions 50c a year extra for postage.

Always send money by draft. postoffice money order.

rezietened letter or by express. We will not be. responsible

for money sent in letters. Address all communications to,

and make all drafts checks and postofiice orders payable to.

The Lawrence Publishing Co.





 





We never, unless through error, send The Michigan

Farmer beyond the date subscribed to—our subscription price

being always due in advance, and sample copies always free.

No bills will ever be sent should a subscription through

error be continued after expiration.





 





RATES OF ADVERTISING:





40 cents per line agate type measurement. or $5.60 per

inch (14 agate lines per inch) per insertion. No adv't lIl

sorted for less than $1.20 each insertion. No objection-

able advertisements inserted at any price.



lintered as second class matter at the Detroit. Michigan.

postoffice.





DETROIT, FEB. 27, 1915.





A FEW LEADING ARTICLES OF

THE WEEK.





 





 





 





 





 





Peach Growing as a Specialty.—

Thc scvenH-écnth of 52 special

articles to be published in con-

secutive issues ................. 249



The Winter Manure Problem.~A

discussion of factors which

should be taken into account in

the solution of this problem.....250



Early Clover Seeding.~~Comments

on the best time to sow and the

amount of seed to use .......... 251



The Management of Young Tur-

keys.—Esscntiuls of success in

hatching and rearing young tur-





keys .......................... 254

Know the Individual Cow.—Illus-

traling the importance of tests





which will give the dairyman ac-

curate knowledge of the capa-

city of individuals in the herd..259

Sheep Farming Profitable-#A con-

crete example of the possibilities

for profit from a flock of sheep

upon the average farm .......... 268

Spread of Co-operation in Hillsdale

‘County.——Showing how the co-

operative idea has developed

from a small beginning in this

section ....................... 270

The Apple Orchard Costs.~The

cost of different operations in or-

chard care as demonstrated by





 





 





the writer’s experience ......... 274

VALUABLE IDEAS!

Every farmer has valuable ideas.





Some pass them along for the benefit

of their followseiollwrs do not. let

into the first named class by writing

out your ideas, suggestions or criti—

' rising and sending them in. All will

be welcomed and utilized as far as

practicablc in making the Michigan

Farmer of the greatest possible value

as a clearing house for helpful ideas

relating to all branches of Michigan

agriculture. -

CURRENT COMMENT.



While the wheat mar-



Ample Food kct has been soaring in

Supply. this country, many men

including public officials



whose public duty has compelled them

to look upon the consumer’s side of

'the question have urged the expedien-

cy of placing an embargo upon furth-

er exports of wheat in order that our

own breadstuff supply may be con-

served. One of‘the prominent officials

who has recently suggested the ex

pediency of such an embargo is Mayor

Mitchell of New York. Last week

President Wilson replied to this sug-





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





gestion, stating incidentally that the

Department of Agriculture was in pos-

session of all the facts relating to our

supply of breadstuff and that a. state-

ment would be made in the immediate

future which would remove the evi-

dent misunderstanding of a portion" of

the public on this question. Later a

statement was issued by the Depart-

ment of Agriculture, the facts contain-

ed in which are summarized by our

W'ashington correspor-:--nt as follows:





“The 1914 wheat crop of the United

States was estimated to be 891,000,000

bushels. The estimated surplus car-

ried over from the 1913 crop was

about 76,000,000 bushels. There was,

therefore, a total available supply of

967,000,000 bushels. As the normal

annual per capita consumption of

wheat in the United States is about

5.3 bushels, 520,000,000 bushels should

meet our normal domestic require‘

ments for food; in addition, 90,000,000

bushels are required annually for

seeding; 610,000,000 bushels, there-

fore, should supply the normal domes—

tic demand. This would leave a sur-

plus of 357,000,000 bushels. Of this

surplus about 210,000,000 bushels were

exported by January» 30. This left

147,000,000 bushels, or 40,000,000 bush-

cls more than our average annual ex-

port for the past five years, for ex-

port between February 1 and the ap-

pearance of the new crop, or for car-

rying over into the next crop year.

The amount is sufficient to permit the

export of nearly 1,000,000 a day until

July 1. before which time the new

crop will begin to be available. This

is; about the average recent exporta-

tion.” '



The problem of rur-

The Local Credit al credit legisla-

Problem. tion is one which

has engaged the at-

tention of many public men, particu-

larly Since the investigation of the

American Qommission in Europe, re-

garding which a series of descriptive

articles is now being published in

these columns. This general interest

in a problem which is of undoubted

importance makes any phase of the

credit proposition of interest, particu-

larly at this time, when there is a gen-

eral tendency toward an abnormal re-

striction of credit. Of at least such

interest is a bill recently introduced in

the Michigan Legislature, which pro-

vides that a certain minimum of the

legal reserve of all life insurance com-

panies doing business in Michigan

shall be loaned in the state on the

same class of securities to which the

law restricts the investment of the le-

gal reserve of domestic corporations

of this kind. This bill, it is claimed

by its sponsors, is calculated to keep

within the state a portion of the mon-

ey which is added to the legal reserve

of foreign insurance companies doing

business in this state, by reason of the

difference between the premiums col-

lected from and the claim paid to the

residents of the state in the regular

course of their business.



It would seem that this principle is

a just one which could do no injury to

legitimate business but which would

materially help to solve the local

credit problem within our state and

thus reduce the likelihood of local bus-

iness being curtailed by the reduction

or withdrawal of credit in times of

financial stringency, such as have been

experienced at not infrequent inter-

vals in the past.





The administra-



The Ship Purchase tion 5 h i p pur-

Bill. chase bill ap-



pears to h a v e





been effectually side-tracked, so far as

the present session of Congress is

concerned. Aside from its guise as

an emergency measure, however, this

bill embodied a principle which is, we

believe, quite certain to be a vital is-

sue in future legislative programs. Os-

tensibly this bill is of an emergency

character only, being designed to lend

government aid to the establishment

of an American merchant marine





through thepurchase and operation of

Ships by a privatecorporation, so-call-

ed, in which the United States govern-

ment would hold 51 per cent of the

stock.



The opposition of this “emergency”

bill met it with an emergency argu-

ment, by declaring that in purchasing

interned foreign ships and putting

them into international commerce, the

government would purchase with

them international complications

which would materially increase the

danger of our country being drawn in‘

to the' present European war. In the

presentation of this argument dilia-

tory tactics were employed, until a

defection in administration forces was

finally effected which made it possible

to side~track the bill.





Outside of the possible expediency,

or inexpediency, of this plan of bridg-

ing a war emergency in the mainte-

nance of our foreign trade, this bill in-

volved the principle of government

ownership and operation of transpor-

tation facilities, which was neither ad-

vanced by its sponsors nor discussed

by its opponents during the delibera-

tions. Future discussions of similar

propositions will doubtless involve an

airing of this underlying principle,

which was really the rock on which

the project was wrecked this time,

since the dissenting members of the

administration party demanded only

that the measure should be made one

of a purely emergency character, by

limiting its operation to the duration

of the war.



The new form which

Farmers’ Week. was given to the



State Round-up In-

stitute for the first time last year was

a pronounced success. For this reason

a great many more Michigan farmers

should plan on attending the Round—

up Institute or Farmers’ Week, as it

is now called, which will be' held at

the Agricultural College, March 1-6,

inclusive. Under the new plan of pro-

cedure lectures and demonstrations

upon various farm subjects will be

carried on, in different sections of the

meeting at the same time. .The pro-

grams are so arranged that the patron

of the institute» can choose the subject

which he prefers to hear discussed

and attend such sections of the meet-

ing as offer the topics of greatest in-

terest to him. There will be sections

for the ladies where lectures and dem-

onstrations on domestic art and do.

mestic science will be given. In addi-

tion the general meetings will be of

absorbing interest. Space will not per-

mit the publication of the full pro-

gram; suffice it to say that there will

be discussions of interest to every

man and woman who can make it con-

venient to attend these meetings.

.There should be a larger attendance

at this event than ever before, owing

to the fact that its present form will

enable the patron to get a grcaer

amount of personal benefit than under

the old plan. '





At the recent tax con-

ference held in De-

triot, Prof. Friday, of

t h e University of

Michigan presented an argument for

the adoption of a system of income

tax in lieu of the personal property

tax at present levied for state pur-

poses in Michigan. ‘The argument

made for this change in system had at

least one point which will appeal to

the average citizen of the state, which





Sidelights on

Taxation.





was that the professional and salaried.





man who is earning a large income

would, under such a system, be called

upon to make a reasonable contribu-

tion to the cost of conducting the

state government, whereas under

present conditions he contributes to

that cost only indirectly in most in-

stances. _

That this proposed innovation was

not favored by the members of the as-

sociation who heard the address Is not

surprising, since established methods

in matters of taxation as in othér

things are not. easily displaced by new





FEB..~ 27. 1915.»,





methods for which even the? most

plausible of arguments may be ad-

vanced. Whilé the taxation problem

is and ever has been a vexed question,

the problem of the just assessment of

personal property has been one upon

which opinion has differed most vi-

tally. In our own commonwealth var-

ious experiments have been tried in

order to relieve the so-called double

taxation of certain classes of personal

property, particularly real estate mort~

gages.



That none of these experiments

have been entirely satisfactory or suc3

cessful appears from the fact that

there is a well-defined opinion in leg-

islative circles that the law relating to

this form of personal property tax will

again be amended by the present Leg-

islature, although it seems unlikely

that any radical change in the system

of taxation will be made by that body.

It is desirable, however, that every

phase of this problem of taxation

should be discussed by farmers as

well as tax officials and experts, so

called, to the end' that the ultimate

solution of this question may be such

as to relieve, rather than add to, the

burden of taxation carried by farm,

and home owners, who are now gener-

ally conceded to bear more than their

just share of the public burden due to

the nature and visibility of their

property.





 





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





Foreign.





The European War.~—There has been

very little change in the position 01

troops in either the eastern or west-

ern war zones. The Russians seem

to have checked the German advance

following the former’s defeat in east-

ern Prussia. In Poland no important

movements are reported. in southern

Galicia the armies have quieted after

the repulse of Russian forces by the

Austro-German troops. In the Cam-

pagne region in northern France the

Allied forces have pushed their ad-

vance positions forward. The Ger-

mans, on the other hand, are said to

have made slight gains in the Vosges

Mountains. Interest has been turned

from the battlefield. to the announced

blockade of the English coast by Ger-

many. Last Friday night at 12 o’clock

the blockade was to become effective;

since then three English merchant

ships have been reported destroyed

by German submarines, The purpose

of the blockade is to starve out Eng-

land. Germany has warned neutral

countries of the blockade, which warn-

ing has brought protests from the Uni-

ted States and Italy. The usecf the

American flag by British ships in

passing through the danger zone has

also brought a note of warning from

the United States. There is a possi-

bility of complicating international re~

leations between this country and the

warring nations through this peculiar

situation. Austria has also inaugurat.

ed a. submarine campaign against ship-

ping in the Adriatic Sea. The Allied

fleets are reported to be bombarding

the Dardanelles; .aeroplanes are as-

sisting the battleships. Already some

of the ports are said to be reduced.



The American steamship Evelyn,

with a cargo of cotton for Bremen,

Germany, struck a mine off Borkum

Island in the North Sea, Sunday, and

sank. Her crew was saved.



Matters between Japan and China

have assumed a decilate aspect. In

view of the pressure of European af‘

fairs‘the United States is compelled

to delay its decision on what its policy

shall be regarding the differences be«

tween these two Oriental countries.





National.





A new federal drug law will go into

effect March 1. According to the pro-

visions of this measure it will be im-

possible to secure many old-time rem-

edies without a prescription from a

physician, a dentist or a veterinary.

The law is framed to protect the pub-

lic against the careless use of medi-

cines containing dangerous amounts

of narcotics or habit forming drugs.



Last Saturday the Panama Exposi-_

tion at San Francisco was formally

opened. All records of attendance at

the first day of similar ex sitions

were broken, there being 22 ,000 per-

sons passing through the gates.



Finnish mine workers of the Calu-

met copper district have notified all

socialists and western federation agi-

tators to quit the district immediately.

Five men were given specific order's‘to

leave. Italian miners are also work-

ing to oust the agitators.



Frank James the former outlaw died

at Excelsior Springs, 110., last Thurs‘



ay. ‘
LITERATURE ‘17:: FARM BOY

POETRY «ma GIRL

HISTORY ana SCIENTIFIC «me

INFORMATION MECHANICAL





 





 





'l‘Ehis Magazine Section forms apart of our paper every week. Every article is writtten especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere.





WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES.





 





 





Copyright by Underwood & Underwood. N. Y.





 





Daughter of Servian Minister of Agriculture. The Tower of Jewels, Panama-Pacific Exposition. Lace Mantle once Owned by Mme. Pompadour.





 





 





 





(.‘opyriglli by Underwood & Underwood, N Y.

Turkish, French, Jewish, English, Belgian, lndian and Russian Prisoners.





('upyright by nderwcuul a; I‘mlorwood. N. Y,





French Farmer’s Wife Giving Refreshments to German Prisoners.





 





 





 





 





. Copyright by Underwood & Underwood. N. Y.

German Shells Force Residents of Soissons to Live in Cellars. Scene on Battleship New Zealand,





Copyright by Underwood 4: Underwood. N. Y.





Presented to England by the Colony.
THE MICHIGAN FAR‘MER





FEB. 27, 1915.





 





 





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”ailIllIlllllllllIllllllllllIlllIIlIIllllllIlll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllflllllllllllllllllllll||l|||lllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lIlllI|lllllllllfllllIllIllllllllllllllllllilllllllIElLEE

E'W t fth P "E

2 BY HAROLD BINDLOSS. g

E: Copyrighted by Frederick A. Stokes Company. E

fillllllllIllllllIIlllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|Illllllllllllll|IIlllllllllllllilIll|llIlIlIllllllllIlIHllllIllllllllIllllllllllllillllllllIlllllllIllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllll”MINNIE.





CHAPTER XXI.



Maud Barrington ’ laughed

“Isn’t the question useless?”



“No,” said Winston, a trifle hoarse-

ly now.



The girl touched his arm almost im-

periously as he turned his head again.



“Lance,” she said, "men. of your

kind need not deal in subterfuge. The

wheat and the bridge you built speak

for you.”



“Still,” persisted Winston, and the



girl checked him with a smile.

‘ “I fancy you are wasting time,” she

said. “Now, I wonder whether, when

you were in England, you ever saw a

play founded on an incident in the life

of a once famous actor. At the time

it rather appealed to me. The hero,

with a chivalric purpose assumed var-

ious shortcomings he had really no

sympathy with—but while there is, of

course, no similarity beyond the gen-

erous impulse, between the cases—he

did not do it clumsily. It is however,

a trifle difficult to understand what

purpose you could have, and one can-

not help fancying that you owe a lit-

tle to Silver-dale and yourself.”



It was a somewhat daring parallel,

for Winston, who dare not look at his

companion and saw that he had fail-

ed, knew the play.



“Isn’t the subject a trifle difficult?”

he asked.



“Then,” said Maud Barrington, “we

will end. Still, you promised that I

should understand—a good deal——

when the time came.”



Winston nodded gravely.

shall,” he said.



Then, somewhat to his embarrass-

ment, the two figures moved further

across the window, and as they were

silhouetted against the blue duskness,

he saw that there was an arm about

the waist of the girl’s white dress. He

became sensible that Maud Barring-

ton saw it too, and then that, perhaps

to save the situation, she was smiling.

The two figures, however, vanished,

and a minute later a young girl in a





softly.





“You





 





‘ dow.





long White dress came in, and stood

still, apparently dismayed when she

saw Maud Barrington. She did not

notice Winston, who sat further in the

shadow. He, however, saw her face

suddenly crimson.



“Have you been here long?”

asked.



“Yes,” said Maud Barrington, with

a significant glance toward the win-

“At least ten minutes. I am

sorry, but I couldn’t help it. It was

very hot in the other room, and Allen-

der was singing.”



“Then,” said the girl with a little

tremor in her voice, “you will not

tell?”



“N0,” said Maud Barrington.

you must not do it again.” \



The girl stooped swiftly and kissed

her, then recoiled with a gasp when

she saw the man, but Maud Barring-

ton laughed.



“I think,” she said, “I can answer

for Mr. Courthorne’s silence. Still,

when I have an opportunity, I am go-

ing to lecture you.”



Winston turned with a twinkle he

could not quite repress in his eyes,

and with a flutter of her dress the

girl whisked away.



“I'm afraid this makes me an acces-

sory, but I can only neglect my mani-

fest duty, which would be to warn her

mother,” said Maud Barringtpn.



“Is it a duty?” asked Winston, feel-

ing that the further be drifted away

from the previous topic the better it

would be fer him.



“Some people would fancy so,” said

his companion. “Lily will have a good

deal of money, by and by, and she is

very young. Atterly has nothing but

an unprofitable farm; but he is an





she





“But





honest lad, and I know she is very

fond of him.”



“And would that count against the

dollars?”



Maud Barrington laughed a little.

“Yes,” she said quietly. “I think it

would if the girl is wise. Even now

such things do happen, but I fancy it

is time I went back again.”



She moved away, but Winston stay-

ed where he was until the lad came

in with a cigar in his hand.



“Hallo, Courthorne!” he said. “Did

you notice anybody pass the window

a little while ago?”



“You are the first to come in

through it,” said Winston dryly. “The

kind of things you wear admit of

climbing." '



The lad glanced at him with a trace

of embarrassment.



“I don’t quite understand you, but

I meant a man,” he said. “He was

walking curiously, as if he was half-

asleep, but he slipped round the cor-

ner of the building and I lost him.”



Winston laughed. “There’s a want

of finish in the tale, but you needn’t

worry about me. I didn’t see a man."



“There is rather less wisdom than

usual in your_remarks tonight, but I

tell you I ‘saw him,” said the lad.



He passed on, and a minute later

there was a cry from the inner room.

“It’s there again! Can’t you see the

face at the window?”



Winston was in the larger room the

next moment, and saw, as a startled

girl had evidently done, a face that

showed distorted and white to ghast-

liness through the window. He also

recognized it. and running back

through the hall was outside in an-

other few seconds. Courthorne was

leaning against one of the easements

as though faint with weakness or

pain, and collapsed when Winston

dragged him backwards into the shad-

ow. He had scarcely laid him down

when the Window opened, and Colonel

Barrington's shoulders showed black

against the light.



“Come outside alone,

Winston.



Barrington did so, and Winston

stood so that no light fell on the pal-

lid fame in the grass. “It’s a man I

have dealings with,” he said. “He has

evidently ridden out from the settle-‘

ment and fallen from his horse.”



“Why should he fall?” asked the

Colonel.



Winston laughed. “There is a per-

fume about him that is tolerably con~

clusive. I was, however, on the point

of going, and if you will tell your hir-

ed man to get my wagon out, I’ll take

him away quietly. You can make light

of the affair to the others.”



“Yes.” said Barrington. “Unless

you think the man is hurt, that would

be best, but we’ll keep him if you

like.”



“No, sir. I couldn’t trouble you,"

said Winston hastily. “Men of his

kind are also very hard to kill.”



Five minutes later he and the hired

man hoisted Courthorne into the wag-

on and packed some hay about him,

while, soon after the rattle of wheels

sank into the silence of the prairie,

the girl Maud Barrington had spoken

to rejoined her companion.



“Gould Courthorne have seen you

coming in?” he asked.



“Yes,” said the girl, blushing.

did." ‘



“Then it can’t be helped, and, after

all, Courthorne wouldn’t talk, even if

he wasn’t what he is,” said the lad.

“You don’t know why, and. I’m not go-

ing jto tell you, but it wouldn’t become

him.”



“You don’t mean Maud Barrington ?”

asked his companion. '



“N0," said the lad, with ,a laugh.





sir,” said





‘lHe





“Courthorne is not like me. He has

no sense. It’s quite another kind of a





girl, you see.”

I Courthorne awakened from the

stupor he sank into soon after

Winston conveyed him into his home-

stead. First, however, he asked for a

little food, and ate it with apparent

difficulty. When Winston came in he

looked up from the bed where he lay,

with the dust still white upon his

clothing, and his face showed gray and

haggard in the creeping light.



“I’m feeling a trifle better now,”

he said; “still, I scarcely fancy I could

get up just yet. I gave you-a little

surprise last night?”



Winston nodded. “You did. Of

course, I knew ‘how much your prom-

ise was worth, but in view of the risks

you ran, I had not expected you to run

up at the Grange.”



“The risks!” said Courthorne, with

an unpleasant smile. '



“Yes,” said Winston wearily, “I

have a good deal on hand I would like

to finish up here and it will not take

me long, but I am quite prepared to

give myself up now, if it is neces-

sary.”



Courthorne laughed. “I don’t think

you need, and it wouldn’t be wise.

You see, even if you made out your

innocence, which you couldn’t do, you

rendered yourself an accessory by not

denouncingme long ago. I fancy we

can come to an understanding which

would be pleasanter to both of us.”



“The difficulty,” said Winston, “is

that an understanding is useless when

made with a man who never keeps his

word.” '



“Well,” said Courthorne dryly, “we

shall gain nothing by paying each oth-

er compliments, and whether you be-

lieve it or otherwise, it was not my

intention to turn up at the Grange.

I was coming here from a place west

of the settlement, and you can see

that I have been ill if you look at me.

I counted too much on my strength,

couldn’t find a homestead Where I

could get anything to eat, and the rest

may be accounted for by the execra-

ble brandy I had with me. Anyway,

the horse threw me and made off, and

after lying under some willows a good

deal of the day I dragged myself along

until I saw a house.”



“That," said Winston, “is beside the

question. What do you want of me?

Money in all probability. Well, you

will not get it.”



“I’m afraid I'm scarcely fit for a

discussion now,” said Courthorne.

“The fact is, it hurts me to talk, and

there’s an aggressiveness about you

which isn’t pleasant to a badly-shaken

man. Wait until this evening, but

there is no necessity for you to ride

to the outpost before you have heard

me.”



“I’m not sure it would be advisable

to leave you here,” said Winston.



Courthorne smiled ironically. “Use

your eyes. Would anyone expect .me

to get up and indulge in a fresh folly?

Leave me a little brandy—I need it—

and go about your work. You’ll cer-

tainly find me here when you want

me.”



Winston, glancing at the man’s face,

considered this very probable, and

went out. He found his cook, who

could be trusted, and said to him,

“The man yonder is tolerably sick,

and you’ll let him have a little brandy

and something to eat when he asks

for it. Still, you’ll bring the decanter

away with you, and lock him in when‘

ever you go out.” ~



The man nodded, and making a

hasty breakfast, Winston, who had

business at several outlying farms,

mounted and rode away. It was even-

ing before he returned, and found

Courthorne lying in a. big chair with a

cigar in his hand, languidly debonair

but apparently ill. His face was cur-

iously pallid, and his eyes dimmer



(Continued on page 264).





 





CHAPTER XXII.

Colonel Barrington is Convinced.

T was not until early morning that
FEB. 27, 1915.





. £1llllllllIlllllll|IllllllII|IIlllllllIllllllIl|llllllIllllll|IIlllllllllllllIll"llIlllIlllllIlllllllIIlIlllllllllIllllIlllillllIlllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllIllllIllllllllllllIIIIlll|llllllllll|IHIlllllllllIllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllliE





 





§Land O’ Nod StoriesE

E By HOWARD T. KNAPP. E





flIIHIII|lllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllHIIIllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllIlllIlllllllllllllllIlllllllllHillllll|I|||ll||lllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllll"MINNIE





Some of Mr. Rabbit’s Troubles.





THEVVMICHIGAN "'FA'R-MER





The Telephone V Unitesf the, Nation





15—263





 





“Gee,- whiz, Tinker, but I wish I

didn’t have to go to school,” said Billy

Be By Bo Bum as he joined the merry

little elf in the White Forest one win-

ter afternoon.



“Now, what is the matter?” asked

TinkenTeedle Tee, who was always

so jolly and cheerful himself that he

could not bear to see anyone else un-

happy. “Have you moved to Grumble

Corner of Crosspatch Town since I

last saw you?” ‘



“I’m not a crosspatch at all,” replied

Billy. “But sometimes I get so tired

of school and study that I wish I was

a rabbit so I would never have to open

a book again.”



“So you think Bunny has an easy

time, do you?” asked Tinker, spread-

ing his wings and flying up on Billy’s

shoulder. “Well, just remember this,

Billy Boy, Mr. Rabbit has more ene-

mies than any of the Little People

who make their homes in the White

Forest. How would you like it if ev-

ery time you stepped out of your

house to play or go to the store on an

errand for your Mother, some big,

savage animal was waiting to pounce

on you and tear you to pieces with its

sharp claws and cruel teeth. And

then, when you were tucked in your

bed for the night, all snug and comfy,

how would you like to have to sleep

with one eye and one ear open, so you

would be ready, at a second’s notice,

to jump out of bed and run for your

life to escape from some terrible foe ?”



“Vi-’hy, I wouldn’t like it at all,” said

Billy, shuddering at the very thought

of such a thing. “In fact, I would be

so scared I don’t believe I could run

even if my life depended on it.”



“well, that’s just the kind of a life

Mr. Rabbit leads,” continued Tinker.

“At every turn some bird or beast of

prey is wating to swdop down on him,

and man, with his guns and dogs and

ferrets, is the most terrible enemy of

all. Every hour of the day or night

Bunny is in danger and must be ready

at any minute to match his wits and

speed against the prowlers always

seeking to make a meal of him.”



“But, after all, he doesn’t have to

go to school,” said Billy, who was still

rather grumpy and out of sorts.



“Well, of course, he doesn’t go to

the same kind of school you do,” Tink-

er replied. “But he must always be

learning the ways of the woods, the

habits of the other.Litt1e People, and

thinking up new tricks to fool his en-

emies. Why, Billy Boy, if Bunny





wasn’t always learning something new

he couldn’tlive a week in the White

Forest, for Slinker the Weasel or Too

whoa the Owl would catch him the

first time he hopped out of his hole.”



“\V'ho teaches him all these things?”





 

 





 

 

 

 





asked Billy, who had no idea Bunny

had to study just the same as he did.



“Old Mrs. Mother Rabbit,” Tinker

replied. “She is the greatest teacher

in the world. As soon as her children

are born she starts to train them, and

Bunny never grumbles at his teacher

like some little boys I know.





“Almost the first lesson Bunny has ,





to learn is to ‘freeze’ and he never

forgets that lesson as long as he lives,

for it is the best trick he knows to

fool an enemy.”



“Why under the sun does he want

to freeze?” asked Billy. “I should

think he would a great deal rather

keep warm. Anyway, I don’t see how

freezing would help him escape his

enemies.”



“When Bunny freezes he just stops

whatever he is doing and sits as still

as he can,” replied Tinker. “Maybe

he will be hopping along one of his

runways, thinking of the delicious

cabbages growing in Farmer Meadow’s

garden, when suddenly Busybody the

Bluejay screams a- warning that an en-

emy of the Little People is afoot. Now

in a. case like that what would you do,

Billy Boy, if you were in Mr. Rabbit’s

place?”



“I would run for home just as fast

as I could,” Billy replied.



“Which would be the surest way of

getting caught before you had taken

a dozen jumps,” Tinker replied. “For

as soon as you started to run, Slinker

or Hookbeak the Hawk, or whatever

bird or beast of prey was stirring,

would be sure to see you. Mr. Rabbit

knows that, so he stops short in his

tracks and doesn’t move a muscle, not

even to wink. And that’s what I mean

by freezing.”



“But can’t Hookbeak see him just

the same when he’s sitting still?” ask-l

ed Billy.





 





T this time, our country

looms large on the w'orld

horizon as an example of the

popular faith in the underlying

principles of the republic.





We are truly one people in

all that the forefathers, in their

most exalted moments, meant

by that phrase.





ln making us a homoge-

neous people, the railroad, the

telegraph and the telephone

have been important factors.

They have facilitated commu-

nication and intervisiting,

bringing us closer together,

giving us a better understand-

,ing and promoting more in-

timate relations.





The telephone has played

its part as the situation has re-

quired. .That it should have

been planned for its present

E'usef'ulness is as wonderful as





 





 





 





that the vision of the fore-

fathers should have beheld





the nation as it is today.





At first, the telephone was

the voice of the community.

As the population increased

and its interests grew more

varied, the larger task of the

telephone was to connect the

communities and keep all the

people in touch, regardless of

local conditions or distance.





The need that the service

should be universal was just

as great as that there should

be a common language. This

need defined the duty of the

Bell System.





lnspired by this need and re-

peatedly aided by new inven-

tionsandimprovements,theBell

System has become the welder

of the nation. lt has made

the continent a community.





“No, siree, Bob,» replied Tinker. AMERICAN TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMEANj}





“Bunny has no way of defending him-

self against his enemies and is the

most helpless of all the Little People

when it comes to a fight. So 01d Moth-

er Nature has given him a coat of:

darkness to help him fool his enemies

She has made his fur exactly the color

of dead leaves and the bark of trees.

So when Mr. Rabbit freezes it is al-

most impossible to see him, for he is

the same color as his surroundings.

Even if Hookbeak the Hawk looks

straight at Bunny, he isn’t likely to

see him, or if he does, he thinks it is

only a lump of dirt or a piece of bark.

Then when the Hawk looks the other

way, Mr. Rabbit dives into the nearest

briar patch and is safe.



So whenever danger threatens, Bun-

ny always freezes, and while he is sit-

ting still makes up his mind what to

do if the trick fails.”





 





 





The Rural Carrier Hfas 'Emancipated Farm Life from the Sovereignty of I80-

. lation. L. C. Lacha‘t, R. F. D. Carrier, Groose Pointe, Mich.





I One Policy





,AND ASSOCIATED COM PANIES.





One System





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





333 fiCanadianWheatfiz





to Feed the World!





The war’s fearful devastation of European crops has

caused an unusual demand for grain from the American

Continent. The people of the world must be fed and there

is an unusual demand. for Canadian wheat. Canada’s invi-

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attractive. She wants farmers to make money and happy,

prosperous homes for themselves while helping her to raise

immense wheat crops.





You can get a Homestead of 160 acres FREE and





Other lands can be bought at remarkably low prices. Think

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kets convenient, climate excellent.

Military service is not compulsory in Canada. but there is an extra demand for farm

abor to replace the many young men who have volunteered for the war.





‘ l

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Canadian Government Agent.

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THE MICHIGAN jFAjRMER





BELIEVE in the farm. I believe



it is nearer the natural life of man



than living in cities. I believe it

is not only the best place, but the

only place in which to bring up chil-

dren. No spot on earth is absolutely

perfect. There are compensations in

rural life that more than offset its

drawbacks.



Health is the greatest blessing giv-

en to an individual. It is our first

concern, for without it all else is

naught. The greatest lure of the coun-

try is its health-giving welcome. The

clean air; the bright sunshine; the

wide spaces with their soothing touch

——no balm of science can equal it.



Peace is another “greatest bless-

ing.” Men have longed for peace

since the days when homes were

made. Men have fought for peace,

long and bitterly, suffering anguish of

body and spirit and dying alone on

ghastly battlefields for this precious

thing. Where is peace more sure——

peace from noises and smells and the

discomforts of crowded centers of pop-

ulation—than in the great out-doors

where nature smiles as she broods

over her children of the field and

wood?



Freedom! Ah, how men have strug-

gled for ages for this priceless boon.

Up from the beast, and the cave man,

and the wild barbarian into the ve-

neer of what we call civilization to-

day, have been ever struggled for lib—

erty. Human beings living together on





 





 





 





a plane of brotherhood, in families,

communities, states and nations can





WINSTON OF THE PRAIRIE.





(Continued from page 262).

than they had been, but there was a

sardonic twinkle in them.



“You take. a look at the decanter,”

said the man, who went up with Win-

ston, carrying a lamp. “He’s been

wanting brandy all the time, but it

doesn’t seem to have muddled him.”



Winston dismissed the man and sat

down in front of Courthornle.



“Well?” he said.



Courthorne laughed.

be a witty man, though

scarcely charge you with it.

mised correctly this morning.

money I want.”



“You had my answer.”



“Of course. Still, I don’t want very

much in the meanwhile, and you have-

n’t heard what led up to the demand,

or why I came back to you. You are

evidently not curious, but I’m going

to tell you. Soon after I left you, I

fell very sick, and lay in the saloon

of a little desolate settlement for days.

The place was suffocating, and the

wind blew the alkali dust in. They

had only horrible brandy, and bitter

water to dring it with, and I lay there

011 my back, panting, with the flies

crawling over me. I knew if I stayed

any longer it would finish me, and

when there came a merciful cool day I

got myself into the saddle and started

off to find you. I don’t quite know

how I made the journey, and during

a good deal of it I couldn’t see the

prairie, but I knew you would feel

there was an obligation on you to do

something for me. Of course, I could

put it differently.”



Winston had as little liking for

Courthorne as he had ever had, but he





“You ought to

one would

You sur-

It is





 





remembered the time when he had

lain very sick in his lonely log but. He

also remembered that everything he

now held belonged to this man.



“You made the'bargain,” he said,

less decisively.



Courthorne nodded. “Still, I fancy

one of the conditions could be modi-





months, I may be dead before the

reckoning comes, and while that prob-

ably wouldn’t grieve you, I could,

when it appeared advisable,. send for





 





a. magistrate and make a deposition.”





fled. Now, if I wait for another three





:Whel‘é Life is at its Bestn





By HAROLD BEREMAN.





never be free from responsibility nor

from law, but man’s spirit may be

free if he wills it.

ful, health-bringing aloofness of the

farm he achieves all the freedom he

can 'use. And why strive for that we

cannot use?



While I believe in the farm as offer-

ing greater chances for health,

strength and happiness, there is no

valid reason why also it should not be

the means of as much material com-

fort as is good for us. There is no

reason why it should not offer oppor-

tunities for self-expression in the pur-

suit of knowledge, in the creation cf

useful and necessary things for hu-

manity, in the purely material aspects

of life——the accumulation of modest

wealth for all that this brings in larg-

er living, and for the laying up of a.

store against old age.



While it is true that vast fortunes

are not made on the farm, let us be

thankful for it, for a vast fortune

means great luxury and luxury spells

mental, moral and physical degenera-

tion. While it is clear that ordinary

farming is not a highly remuneratlve

occupation, intelligent farming may be

made as profitable as any sane man,

not afflicted with the itch for sordid

gain, desires it to be.



The farm has its drawbacks to be

sure——what place has not? But the

advantages are far greater and more

numerous, and for the man or woman

who loves the deep, simple, natural

pleasures, the drawbacks are as

nothing. I





llllIEiIll]IlIllIIHIIHHIIHHIHHHlllllllllllIHi1!lllllllllllllllillllilllllllllllliIHHHIIIIHHHHIlllllllléllllllllllHHHHHlI!HlHHllIll]!l[HillIHIHHIIIIHIIHHIlIll!HHIIIIHllIIHIIIHHHHIHIIIIIllIHIHHIHllIilllllllllillllllmllll





“You could,” said Winston. “I have,

however, something of the same kind

in contemplation.”



Courthorne smiled curiously. “I

don’t know that it will be necessary.

Carry me on until you have sold your

crop, and then make a reasonable of-

fer, and it’s probable you may still

keep what you have at Silverdale. To

be quite frank, I’ve a notion that my

time in this world is tolerably limited,

and I want a taste of all it has to

offer a man of my capacities before‘I

leave it. One is along While dead,

you know.”



Winston nodded, for he understood.

He had also during the grim care of

the lean years known the fierce long-

ing for one deep draught of the wine

of pleasure, whatever it afterwards

cost him.



“It was that which induced you to

look for a little relaxation at the set-

tlement at my expense,” he said. “A

trifle paltry, wasn’t it?”



Courthorne laughed. “It seemsyou

don’t know me yet. That was a frolic,

indulged in out of humor, for your

benefit.» You see, your role demanded

a good deal more ability than you ever

displayed in it, and it did not seem

fitting that a very puritanical and

priggish person should pose as me at

Silverdale. The little affair was the

one touch of versimilitude about the

thing. No doubt my Worthy connec-

tions are grieving over your lapse.”



“My sense of humor had never

much chance of developing,” said Win-

ston grimly. “What’s the matter 'with





you?”

“Pulmonary hemorrhage,” . said

Courthorne. “Perhaps it was born in





me, but I never had much trouble un-

til after that night in the snow at the

river. \Vould you care to hear about

it? We’re not fond of each other, but

after the steer- drivers I’ve been herd-

ing with, it’s a relief to talk to a man

of moderate intelligence.”



“Go on,” said Winston.



“Well,” said Courthorne, “when

the trooper was close behind me, my

horse went through the ice, but some-

how I crawled out. We were almost

across the river, and it was snowing

fast, while I_had a fancy thatII might

have saved the horse, but, as the

troopers would probably have seen a





In the Quiet, peace- _





(American Boy





FEB. 27, 1915.





 





 





 





For rheumatism, gout, or lum-

bago use





 





 





CAMPHORATED





aseline





Reg. U. 5. Pat. of

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gives quick and grateful relief.

Camphorated Vaseline” is also strongly

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Put up in handy metal capped glass bottles.

At drug and general stores everywhere.

Illustrated booklet describing all the ‘Vase-

line" preparations mailed free on request.





CHESEBROUGH MFG CO.

(Consolidated)

:33 State Street. New York City





 





 





 





 





 





Michigan Farmer’s club list.





For the benefit and convenience of

our subscribers we have arranged the





can save them money.





pense of sending each order sepa-

rately.





gives the paper’s regular subscription

price. The second column price is for

the Michigan Farmer and the other

paper, both for one year. Add 50 cents

when the Michigan Farmer is wanted

three years, or $1.00 if the Michigan

Farmer is wanted five years. The

third column price is for those who

are paid ahead on the Michigan Farm—

er from one to five-years and want

the other paper only; such orders

must be sent to us direct. All combi-

nation orders may be given to our

agents or sent to us, as is most con-

venient.



Any number of other papers may .be

added at third column prices. erte

for prices on publications not listed.

We can save you money.



We send sample copies of the Mich-

igan Farmer only.



Mention if you are a new or re-

newal subscriber. Renewals W111 be

dated ahead from their present date.





 





Bee explain

tion above





0





NAME OF PUBLICATION.





 





Daily. (6 a Week) on R. F. D. only.





Free Press. Detroit. . .

Journal Detroit... .

Times. Detroit .................. ..

Herald Grand Rapids, Mich” .............

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Cattle. Sheep. Swine. Poultry. etc.





American Bee Journal, Hamilton Ill. (11)

American Poultry Journal. Chicago (n1)

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Breeder-3' Gazette Othicafi) (11)..

Poultr Weekly. 1308 ton. ass ............

Fruit Ifielhe Grand Rapids. Mich..

Green's Fruit Grower. Rochester. (5'12:

Hoard' s Dalryman. Fort Atkinson Wis.

Jersey Bulletin, IndianapOlis, Ind. w)

Kimball' 5 Dairy Farmer. Waterloo. 11.

(s- -m)

National Sportsman Boston. IMaIssII (in)

Poultry Keeper. Quincy. Ill (11: )

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Poultry Success, Springfiel. O. (m).

Relish 0 Poultry Journal. Quincy. Ill. (mI)

Swine Breeders Journal, Indianapolis“





   





 





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Popular Magazines.





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Review of Reviews. N. Y. t.y (111)....

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Youths Companion. Boston Mass........ 2 08





NOTE—ll the Michigan Farmer is wanted 3 year!





EOv

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Md}. to the second column price, or 8

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following list of papers on which we 2

Besides the I

money, they save the trouble and ex- :





EXPLANATION—The first column I
‘:"‘r."' ,“ '..





FEB. 27, 1915. ‘





mounted man, I let him go. The

stream sucked him under, and though

you may not believe it, I felt very

mean when I saw nothing but the hole

in the ice. Then, as the troopers did

not seem inclined to cross, I went on

through the snow, and, as it happened,

blundered across Jardine’s old shanty.

There was still a little prairie hay in

the place, and I lay in it until morn-

ing, dragging frash armfuls around me

as I burnt it in the stove. Did you

ever spend a night, wet through, in a

place that was ten to twenty under

freezing?”



“Yes,” said Winston dryly. “I have

done it twice.”



“Well,” said Courthorne, “I fancy

that night narrowed in.my life for me,

but I made out across the prairie in

the morning, and as we had a good

many friends up and down the coun-

try, one of them took care of me.”



Winston sat silent a while. The

story had held his attention, and the

frankness of the man who lay panting

a little in his chair had its effect on

him. There was no" sound from the

prairie, and the house was very still.



“Why did you kill Shannon?” he

asked, at length.



“Is anyone quite sure of his mo-

tives?” said Courthorne. “The lad had

done something which was difficult to

forgive him, but I think I should have

let him go if he hadn’t recognized me.

The world is tolerably good to the

man who has no scruples, you see,

and I took all it offered me, while it

did not seem fitting that a clod of a

trooper without capacity for enjoy-

ment, or much more sensibility than

the beast he rode, should put an end

to all my opportunities. Still, it was

only when he tried to ”warn his com-

rades he threw his last chance away.”



-Winston shivered a little at the dis-

passionate brutality of the speech, and

then checked the anger that came up-

on him.



“Fat, or my own folly, has put it

out of my power to denounce you

without abandoning what I have set

my heart upon, and after all it is not

my business,” he said. “I will give

you five hundred dollars and you can

go to Chicago or Montreal, and con-

sult a specialist. If the money is ex«

hausted before I send for you, I will

pay your hotel bills, but every dollar

will be deducted when we come to the

reckoning.”



Courthorne laughed a little. “You

had better make it seven fifty. Five

hundred dollars will not go very far

with me.”



“Then you will have to husband

them,” said Winston dryly. “I am

paying you at a rate agreed upon for

the use of your land and small bank

balance handed me, and want all of

it. The rent is a fair one in face of

the fact that a good deal of the farm

consisted of virgin prairie, which can

be had from the government for noth-

ing.”



He said nothing further, and soon

after he went out Courthorne went to

sleep, but Winston sat by an open

window with a burned-out cigar in his

hand staring at the prairie while the





night were through, until he rose with.





a shiver in the chill of early morning

to commence his task again.



A few days later he saw Courthorne

safely into a sleeping car with a tick-

et for Chicago in his pocket, and felt

that a load had been lifted off his

shoulders when the train rolled out of

the little prairie station. Another

week had passed when, riding home

one evening, he stopped at the Grange

and, as it happened, found Maud Bar-

rington alone. She received him with-

out any visible restraint, but he real—

ized that all that had passed at their

last meeting was to be tacitly ignored.



“Has your visitor recovered yet?”

she asked. __ ‘



:“So far as to leave my place, and l

was not anxious to’ keep'him,” said

Winston, with a little laugh. “I- am

sorry he disturbed you.”



Maud Barrington seemed thought-





THE-MICHIGAN FARMER





ful. “I scarcely think the man was to

blame.”



“No?” said Winston.



The girl looked at him curiously,

and shook her head. “No,” she said.

“I heard my uncle’s explanation, but

it was not convincing. I saw the

man’s face.”



It was several seconds before Win-

ston answered, and then he took the

bold course. '



“Well?” he said.



Maud Barrington made a curious lit-

tle gesture. “I knew I had seen it be

fore at the bridge, but that was not

all. It was vaguely familiar, and I felt

I ought to know it. It reminded me of

somebody.”



“Of me ?” and Winston laughed.



“No. There was a resemblance, but

it was very superficial. That man’s

face had little in common with yours."



“These faint likenesses are not un-

usual, said Winston, and once more

the girl looked at him steadily.





“No,” she said, “of course not. Well





we will concede that my fancies ran .





away with me, and be practical. What

is wheat doing just now?”





“Rising still,” said Winston, and.





regretted the alacrity with which he

had seized the opportunity of chang-

ing the topic when he saw that it had

not escaped the notice of his compan-

ion. “You and I and a few others will

be rich this year.”



“Yes, but I am afraid some of the

others will find it has only further

anxieties for them.”



“I fancy,” said Winston, “you are

thinking of one.”



Maud Barrington nodded. “Yes. I

am sorry for him.”



“Then it would please you if I tried

to straighten out things for him? It

would be difficult, but I believe it

could be accomplished.”



Maud Barrington’s eyes were grate-

ful, but there was something that Win-

ston could not fathom behind her

smile.



“If you undertook it. One could al-

most believe you had the wonderful

lamp,” she said.



(Continued next week).





SLIDING DOWN HILL.





 





BY ALONZO RICE.



From the low-bending skies there’s a

flurry



Of white flakes, and now in a scurry



The snowbirds arrive; teamsters

hurry,



For sharper the air grows and chill.



To the breezes the children are fling<





mg

Red scarfs, and from attics are bring-

mg

Gaily-painted hand sleds, the while





singing

In chorus of coasting down hill.





Though keen winds from northland





are biting,

The smooth snow-clad slope looks in-

_ viting,

And with laughter and shouts all in-

citing





To joy with a hearty good will;

Gay comrades are they: Paul and

Freddy,

With Rhoda and Ruth. “Are you

ready?”

And Dick, with a hand that Is steady,

Is guiding his s14 :1 down the hill.





Beneath the red runners swift flying

The white track, and hills are replying

To the echoes of joy, each one trying

To excel in a trial of skill;

Just the sport for a girl and a boy

meant,

And nothing can dull their enjoyment;

Not even the up-hill’s hard employ-

ment,

For lilll} next trip of coasting down

1 .





Ice-enameled, the red-haws are gleam-





mg, '



The low sun from cloud-folds is beam-

mg



On the snow-crusted surface where

dreaming, ,



Hide the dairy and sweet dacodil;



In her storehouse, has Summer a

treasure,



A joy that can give them such pleas-





ure,



That will fill to the brim their hearts’

_ measure,



Likehiiilli‘e rapture of coasting down





 





 

 





 





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Rubber Footwear is this: “Ball-Band” gives so

much longer wear that when you figure the cost

per day's wear, “Ball-Band” becomes the lowest

priced footwear that is for sale.



Over 50,000 merchants sell “Ball-Band.” If

you have any difficulty locating a store that sells

“Ball—Band,” write us and we'll tell you a mer-

chant ncar you who sells it.





Viriie anyway for our free booklet, “More Days Wear”





It tells you how to properly take care of good

rubber footwear so as to make it last - longer.





MISHAWAKA WOOLEN MFG. CO.





319 Water Street Mishawaka, Ind.

"The House That Pays Millions for Quality "





 





 





 





Bargains in Slightly Used Cars





All sizes and makes—Touring, Roadster or convertible for trucking and delivery purposes.





Prices—$IOO to $800. W'm’f" 9“"





tlculare to—-





WETMORE—QUINN CO., 279 Jefferson Ave., Detroit





Address—Used Car Dept.





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





.H

I.





7'“ s .





3D FILMS FREE TRIAL





and f Prepaid on the new



LA 1915 “RA GER ' bicycle Writ. at once



' “ [or our big coming and npemal of". ,



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m. l l' ,, z, I ‘ Gel. our liberal term. en's sample to introduce the





Robes at $3.50 each

7139;." , :’ new “RANGERJ

'/ '1 52' - TIRES equipment. sundries Ind everything

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i €51" ' w. w. WEAVER,

: In the bicycle line luff usual prices. mery anon.





 





, mWe custom Tan

, ,~ Horse Hides or

. ‘ it Cattle Hides for





 





 

 

 





   

 

 

     





r;





 





 

 





 





Reading, Mich.

on Motorcycle and Aulmnobilo Supplies





M d c I c “1 s d c gatwarley,l’oéaiémlaa,Agel-

. 3: acres: a a o ee-

' °’ W ' °"""‘l 77 Chicago. , 90 0m I. ll. scam, Nu cumin. Ohio





ll





 





 





 





 





Pull ‘7'





Power Stump Puller





Biggest stump pulled in five minutes or

loss. (near-nan acre of iandsday. Makes. . .

your stump land money land. 30 days‘ , »

free Ayurgunrantee Getour new. _ x -

book and expat-inn low prm otter new. -





» am with)” 2563-: comm-Jo. _
THE“ MICHIGAN FARM‘ER





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





John Takes a Lesson in Carving.





HIGH part of the chicken do



you prefer?” John Ludlow



held the carving knife and

fork awkwardly above the nicely

browned fowl and tried to look uncon-

cernedly at his wife’s mother as he

spoke. Hang it all, why did she make

him so nervous? He’d known her all

his life and never felt uncomfortable

when she was around, so long as he

was John Ludlow, bachelor. Why

should the fact that she was now Mrs.

John Ludlow’s mother make him get

red in the face when he looked at her

and feel as if he had been stealing

chickens? She looked at him now as

if she expected him to skate the bird

off the platter and spill the gravy all

over the clean Sunday cloth. The

funny papers Were right about moth-

ers-in-law. They certainly got a fel-

low’s nerve.



“Oh, I’ll take a wing and just a little

of the breast,” Mrs. Martin’s deprecat-

ing voice broke into his soliloquy.



“The idea!” Grace interrupted.

“Give her half the breast and a leg

and lots of stuffing. Mother’s so used

to eating the wings and neck so the

rest of us can have a good part she

thinks she has to. But you don’t here,

mother dear, you’re company, and

you’re going to have .the best every

time you come. Isn’t she, John?”



“Certainly, of course. The wings go

to the carver,” John hastily agreed,

wishing to goodness the carver had

been Grace, and the chicken had been

cut up in the kitchen as it was when

they were alone. He could have got-

ten through the ordeal of serving very





 





v53





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Chiffon Taffeta: in Floral Designs.





creditably if she had helped out that

much. Why the dickens had he ever

let her work him into carving and

serving anyway? None of the men of

his family ever did it. But when

Grace set the two plates down in front

of him that first day, as‘if, of course,

he would carve, what could he do but

gratify her? 'And now he was In it

for life.



He plunged the fork desperately in-

to the chicken’s breast and tried to

cut off a leg as unconcernedly as

though the cold sweat were not stand-

ing out on his brow. Why the deuce

did everyone at the table always look

at the carver? Why couldn’t they look

at each other and make pleasant con-

versation ?



“You could carve it better if it was

the other way around,” Mrs. Martin

suggested as, after three or four at‘

tempts John finally detached a leg and

paused for fresh courage. “The head

should always be toward the left.”



“Oh, that’s my fault,” Grace said

contritely. “I never can remember

which way the head goes and I didn’t

take time to look it up in my cook

book today. I thought I was sure it

was toward the right. Turn the plat-

ter around, John dear.”



“I’ll remember next time myself,”

John remarked grimly as he turned

the platter about, tipping over the

gravy boat in the process.



“Right side up with care,” laughed

Mr. Martin, catching the boat just in

the nick of time. “Not a drop, son,

not a drop, and lucky for you. I tell

you, it's a fearful thing to get the first

spot on a brand clean cloth.”



John flashed him a look of grati-

tude. Evidently Father Martin had

carved fowls in the presence of his

mother~in-law.



“And you cut off the wings first,”



prompted Mrs. Martin. “First the

wings, then the legs, then take out

that bone between the leg and body

and slice the breast. It’s easy as can

be if you go at it right.”

. John’s face flushed hotly. “Awful

good of her to tell me how,” he

thought. “She better get up and do it

if it’s so easy.” But he managed to

say quite naturally, “Oh, it’ll come all

right now I’ve got it turned round. It

was just awkward for me the other

way.” A happy thought came to him.

He put the severed leg on a plate and

passed it to Grace.



“Give your





\xfOIIml] £1113 HCI' NEPAL?





' , At Home and Elsewfj ere

. § _ fig

The Domestic Crucible—9.





mother some potatoes,‘





FEB. 27, 1915.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





A





Grace. No use of her waiting for ev-

erything to get cold while I dissect

this specimen,” he said. “That’ll keep

her busy for awhile,” he thought. “If

she’ll only look at her plate now in-

stead of at me I’ll get through before

time to start the chores.”



But Mrs. Martin was far too polite

to eat while the rest waited. “Oh,





 





,thank you, John, thank you, Grace. 1





am no better than the rest,” she re.

monstrated. “I’ll just wait until you

are all ready.”



Seeing there was no way out, John

set to in desperation. Much to his re-

lief he found he could carve more eas-

ily with the head to the left, and gath-

ering courage he warmed to his task.

Soon dinner was really in progress.





“I want to see that sugar beet field

of yours,” said Mr. Martin, reaching

for a slice of Grace’s nut bread.

“Grace says it will run 12 tons to the

acre. I’m counting on 15 tons for

mine,” he boasted. “Never saw such

a crop in my life.”



“Fifteen tons!” exploded John, who

had seen the field, “if it goes 10 you’ll

be lucky.”



“I'm willing to bet you a $5.00 hat

I’ll show 15 tons to the acre,” came

back Mr. Martin. “A $5.00 hat for

you if I don’t get 15 tons.”



“Done,” said John. “And I’ll pick

out my hat tomorrow, for you won’t

run above 10 tons. Yes, nine and a

half or nine would be more like it,” he

added, enjoying Mr. Martin’s discom-

fiture.



“One of them’s sure of a new hat,

Grace,” interposed Mrs. Martin, “but

I don’t hear anything about hats for

us.”



“Suppose she’s afraid Grace’ll have

to tie a handkerchief over her head

like the beet weeders,” John fumed.

“Trying to make her dissatisfied al-

ready. “l’ll buy Grace a hat if I have

to buy her father one,” he flashed,

“and he can buy you one when he

buys mine. For he’ll have to buy it.

Fifteen tons to the acre indeed.”



“Let’s go out and look at your beets

now,” said Grace, pushing back her

chair. “If we eat any more we’ll die

of suffocation.”



“I hope you are not working too

hard,” Mrs. Martin worried as they

started down the lane. “You know

you never had to get up mornings and

get breakfasts at home, nor do any

fruit canning, nor carry wood and wa-

ter. You must have John keep the

woodbox filled for you.”



“Oh, mother, don’t begin to worry

abOut me,” begged Grace. “Anyone

would think I was an invalid to hear

you.”





Hilllllillilllllillllll|lllllllllllllllHHHIIlilillllllllllllHUillillllllllillilllllllllilUllllllllllilHlllllllllllilllllllllllllllillliliilllIilllllllilllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllillllllllllliéili!IilillllllillIlll[HIlllHillllillllllilllllllllllll





The New Color_s_a_nd Fabrics.





HO said “hard times?” Cer-

V» tainly not the shopkeepers

whose business it is to entice

women into decking themselves with

fabrics and colors which no self-re-

specting lily would presume to wear.

Sellers of women’s wear have ignored

talk of money panic, calmly forgotten

the European war, stopped their ears

to cries for economy and charitable

appeals and filled their windows with

a display of suits, frocks, hats and

furbelows even more than usually at-

tractive and- expensive.

New shades, new styles and new

cloths, or at least new names for old

fabrics, have been brought forth to





make women forget the talk of calam-

ity howlers. And most conspicuous of

the new things is the sand shade

which is being shown in everything,

from hats to gaiters. You all know

the color of sand, just common every-

day roadside sand, so you need no

further description of the new color.

Also, you do not need to be told that

only the woman with a girl’s complex-_

ion, either real or applied, dare try to

wear it. The sand shade was not

made for' the woman with a sallow

skin and- fadedhain and eyes. It must

have clear pink and white bloom. On

the models in the windoWs it is rather

attractive, a small close-fitting hat,





“No, you’re not an invalid, and I

don’t want you to be,” replied her

mother. “That’s why I want to be

sure John is taking care of you.”



Ahead John caught the remarks and

ground his teeth in rage. Confound

it, why coldn’t women mind their bus-

iness? He and Grace had got along

tip-top, and now if her mother came

and put a lot of notions into her head

about not being strong maybe she’d

begin to think she, wasn’t. Why

couldn’t mothers-in-law see that when

you got married you were a family all

by yourselves and even mothers had

no right to ask questions about What

you did? Thank Heaven, she lived

just far enough away not to come

very often, and too near to stay long

when she came.



“Oh, stop your fussing about Grace,”

Mr. Martin called back. “She never

was sick a day in her life and she’s a.

great deal stronger than you ever

were. Farm work didn’t kill you.”



“No,” sighed Mrs. Martin. “But I’ve

often wished it had instead of just tir-

ing me out and leaving me to endure."



“How far down the lane did you say

that field was?” Mr. Martin jerked out.

“No use reasoning with a woman if

she’s your wife,” he commented in an

undertone. “Just pretend to agree

with ’em and think what you darn

please.”



"I guess you’re right,” John agreed.

A hazy feeling that, after all, getting

married did mix things up some way

began to take possession of him. Mrs.





Martin was still Mrs. Martin, but

things didn’t seem the same. And

Grace Ludlow wasn’t exactly like





Grace Martin. Or was she? And had

he changed? Or what was it that was

different?



DEBORAH.





 





 





.‘





”‘0. . .





u '

o n‘

o

. 0"". I of.





u

c



. .‘

.‘





 





 





 





 





Pussy Willows for Walsts.





-.... - ._-~... . .
,ease in only 29 states.





FEB." 27, 1915’.” ‘ '





neat Suit and smart boots all of the

Same shade, and it will undoubtedly

have something of" a: run of popularity.

But its popularity Will undoubtedly be

shortlived as there will be so many

women who Cannot wear it.



A little darker than the sand shade

is the putty shade, also a new and

fashionable color. Beth the sand and

the putty shades are uSually relieved

by a touch of rose color, deep rose on

the begonia order. Being such neutral

colors they demand something warm

to give them life. Following these,

black is one of the strongest colors of

the season. For party dresses black

charmeuse, crepe meteor, satin Impe-

rial and poulette de soie are very

good, while for suits the "fine corded

goods in black are popular.





The war can not be entirely ignored

by the world of fashion, so we have





battleship gray, a gray with a bluish-





cast. Then there is Arizona silver,

merely a silver gray, and Delaware

peach, both good colors. Of course,

there is the usual line of blues, and a

little green, but for the moment these

old reliable friends are overshadowed

by the new ones already mentioned.





Most pronounced of changes, per-

haps, is the change in the width of the

skirts. From the skirt 55 inches wide

around the bottom, we have jumped

to .the one two and a. half yards

around, which is quite a jump, and

one that strikes few women with fa-

vor. Modistes predict that the old-

new wide skirt will not last, as eman-

cipated woman much prefers the

scanter one to which she has grown

accustomed and attached. Somewhere

between the extreme narrow one and

the extreme wide one a happy medium

will be reached before fall, they say,

and we will have a skirt which will

suit everyone.



The wide skirt with its fiouncings

has created a demand for taffetas, and

this always good silk promises to be

a good seller this season. Taffeta will

not have the field to itself, though the

Pussy willow taffetas and the chitfons

come in alluring colors and patterns.

Bordered taffetas are strong, and

there are many in floral designs which

make up attractively, especially when

veiled. It is predicted, however, that

the crepe meteors, crepe de chines

and other satin finished silks will win

out in the end.



In the cloths for suits and gowns

there are many new ideas and many

old ones made over. Bengaline silk

and wool Lpoplins in a heavy weight;

Epingle cloth, which is a tight weave

a little like the old granite cloth,‘ in

sand and putty shades; covert cloth,

gaberdines, chuddah cloth, a cloth

made of worsted and mohair, in green,

damson and sand shades, are all

strong for suits. The black and White

checks, so long popular for skirts and

suits, are. also shown. French twills,

or serges, and silk and wool poplins

are popular fabrics for dresses.



For tub waists nothing is prettier

nor more practical than the wash

crepes. They are attractive in colors,

soft to the touch and so easily laun-

dered they cannot fail of popularity.

These crepes come in white with pin

stripes of every color you care to





~name, and .sell at from $1.19 to $1.59





cents the yard. Tub pongees are good

for waists, and range in price from 79

cents to 98 cents the yard.



DEBORAH.





WHOOPING COUGH.





 





The relative mortality from whoop-

ing cough, scarlet fever and diphtheria

is essentially the same throughout the

country, whooping-cough being almost

everywhere more fatal than scarlet

fever and less fatal than diphtheria.

Whooping—cough, instead of being a

trifling aflair as it is usually consid-

ered to be by the laity, is of the ut-

most gravity. It is a notifiable dis-

The health

olficers of many of these states say,

moreover, that very little ~attention is





THE'VMICHIG'AN‘FARMER





paid by physicians to the law requir-

ing notification. Isolation is required

by law in seven states and “modified”

isolation in two others. It is recom-

mended in another, but the secretary

of the board of health states that it is

rarely enforced. Few state or city

health boards make any effort to pre-

ventit, while there is almost no pro-

vision for the hospital treatment of

whooping-cough in this country.

Whooping-cough should be made ev-

erywhere a reportable disease as in

the case of small-pox, scarlet fever

and diphtheria. The house should be

placarded and the inmates instructed

by the health authorities as to the ser-

iousness of the disease in infancy and

the methods to be employed to pre-

vent contagion. The patients should

be separated fromthe other children

in the family, if they are under five

years of age, or removed to special

hospitals, constructed on the “shack”

plan in order to give the children the





maximum amount of fresh air.





Children with catarrhal symptoms,

in whom there is any reason to suspect

the possibility of Whooping-cough,

should be excluded from school. The

community should be required to es‘

tablish hospitals not only to take care

of those children that cannot be or

are not properly isolated at home, but

also to take care of those babies and

children ill with the disease that can-

not be properly treated in their

homes.



It can be confidently predicted that

when the physicians and the public





understand what whooping-cough realw





ly means, when proper regulations for





its control are established and enforc~.





ed, and when sufficient hospital ac-

commodations for its care are provid-





_ed, whooping-cough will cease to be





the scourge which it now is.





PACKING A BOX FOR CHINA.





 





BY L. M. THORNTON.



The first player says, “I’m going to

pack a box for China and I put in an

apple.” The choice of what article is

put in lies wholly With the player.

The second says, “If you pack a box

for China we’ll put in an apple and a

bed.” Again the speaker names any

article he may choose. The third

player must repeat What the others

have said, with an additional article.

The fun lies in the effort to remem-

ber all that is in the box when the

game has continued for some time. A

mistake bars the player from further

participation in the game.





 





 





RECIPES.





 





Household Editorz—I see by the

Michigan Farmer that some lady has

made a mistake in giving what she

thought was a recipe for making that

most delicious dish, apple butter.



She says to put some apples in the

oven, after being pared and cored,'put

some water on them and stir them.

This does not make apple butter.



If the parties desiring a recipe will

pick ten bushels of nice clean Snow

apples, and ten bushels of fine sweet

apples, and five bushels of any other

kind, the taste of which is nice, and

wash with clean water, then take to

a clean man that makes nice clean

cider and have the juice pressed out,

then let settle for 24 hours, then dip

out in a nice clean boiling kettle or a

perfectly clean copper boiler, then let

come to a boil and take enough apples

to be quartered and cored, to make a

filling, about three pecks to 32 quarts

of cider, then stir with a paddle with

holes, so the apples will pass through,

and stir carefully and constantly so it

does not become too dark or scorch,

they will have apple butter, the kind

our grandmothers used to make. If

they wish, they may put in seasoning,

but it does not require any, and never

used to be made that way. It is not

necessary to put any sugar in this

kind as the sweet apples give it the

required sweetness and perfect blend.

—C. E. N.





 





 

 





 





 

 





 





How





 

 





 





 





Way





features which make them leaders.

us for name of the Eclipse Dealer.





save fuel. time and labor.

Ask him. also, about the oversi





dirt, no waste.

guaranteeing you satisfaction.





handsomely illustrated.





Send

for the

Free Book





ECLIPSE





hot without heating oven—unless desir





EpUPSE





Have many other patented exclusive





explain the Hot- All-Over Top and also the

Adjustable Damper—how they regulate heat,





Firebox. with no “’dead' corners. no

He joins with us in





Write us today for FREE book,





Eclipse Stove





Company

' Mansfield,





19—267





 





   





Hot-All-Over Top .

Saves Heat





By our exclusive top arrange-

ment the fire has to pass under all

522: lids before escaping. This

makes your fuel do double duty.



Compare it with the Old Way!

Note how—in the ordinary stove——

the heat skips half the top. The-

Eclipse VVay keeps the entire to





   

   

 

   

 





 

   

 

 





STOVES





 

   

 





Write

Ho will





 

 

   

   

 





ze oval





 

   

   

   

   

 





 





 





$1.50 Value for





980.





PREPAID.





Remember! Slyle,Flt,

Quallly,are what we sell.





We cater to the moth-

ers who reahze the sans-

faction of havmg their

children well dressed.



We manufacture all

of our own garments

and so can and W111

guarantee every dress

or money returned.



This number is 1217 and

is made of a. good grade

of plain gingham trimmed

with striped gingham to

match. Three white cro-

chet buttons on each side

of vest Open all the way

down thoh ac.k

Colors— Pink Blue,Ton.



Sizes -—6 8, 10. 12. 14.



Be sure to state oolor

and size. Ask for our cat-

nlog showing other styles

nndour line 01100 articles





DETGAR MF’ G. C0.,

21 West Atwater St.

DET ROI [T - MI CH





 





 





 





'gleoor 110ml. 1.111.111”

L I G H T E D

SATISFACTO R1 LY ?





Our Business is Lighting Country

Homes -- absolutely safe — econ-

omical—convenient. Our guar—

antee with every system. Write us.





,Nighl Commander Lighting Go.





1 Dept. E, Jackson, Michigan.





 





 





110MB COMFORT FORh WINTER DAYS





him: of the comfort

at? indoor closet would

brinitog you and your

tam ytheso stormy days.



he Wolverine





Chemical Closet





Innke- it possible (or you to

hove 3 toilet in your home.

No Water or Sowor

Connection Required.

The outside closet means

expos11ro.sicknecs and doc-

tnr's bills. The Indoor

loset means health.

comfort and convenience.



Send us the name of your

Hardware 01' Implement Dell-

er and we will send you our

Catalog gn'vim: complete do-

' scription of the Wolverine

Chemical Closet System.



Gunmnteed Odorlcss and

Sanitary.





Dill. STEEL PRODUCTS 00-

1.1011} lain Sin, Lansing Mich





PURE HONEY: -00Illb and Extracted. sent by

E. 11.. mm. o9 $31013? tmwfilfiifi” "“95





Ml lllll IEED Flllll "ELK-‘1... W" dfédwaigffi." 33:32





experienced and inexperienced who want farm work.



Our 0 bioct in to encourage fuming among Jews:



owes to employer or employee. If you need



I. coho rmon. writetoJ owich Axrlcultural

Egadoty, 7 4 W. m1: Street. Chicago. Illinois.





 





 





 





 





 





the unfailing Unadllla Silo provides the nourish-

ing. succulent green fodder necessary for greatest

production when dairy products bring best prices.

Most reliable, durable and convenient silo made.

Liberal discount on orders placed now. Write

today for descriptive catalogue. free wall calendar.

prices and terms. Agents wanted.





UNADILLA $11.0 co., Box 2, Undilla. N. 1'.





Two PRIC CES





HOOSIEfltssgxgstllEE

1





 





N’T Pay





 

 

 

 

 





9‘6 To try in your own home for 80 days.

Show your lricndl. Freight paid by

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do not. want. to keep it. You can buy

the best. :1. Actual Factory Prices. 0111-

ncw improvements absolutely corpus

anything ever produced. Save enough

on oalngle stove to buy your winter’s

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- STOVES Guaranteed

for Years. Send ml

today for large FREE

Catalog-c.0110le “'80

Assortment to select from.

No obligation





" HOUSIER stove oo.‘

'131StatoSt,larIon,lnd.





 





Wisconsin Fishing company

Green Bay, Wis., Dept. Y.





‘Ghoico Fish Specialists *





Fish dealers come and fish dealors go.

Our business is the result of

_ eleven years steady growth and

2 Close attention to the service

of our customers. Our price list

is full of quality bargains.





“£332. FREE





. FITS “YOUR OLD LAMP.

13/ 10° and]. Powor Incandescent



pure white light from (kerosene coal



oil. Beats either gas or 6160 lty.

(108180 (INLYICEN'I'I‘O 88 HOURS

We want one per-scum each locality to

whom we can refer new customers.

Take advantage of our Special Ofl'cr to

secure. Beacon Burner FRIB. Write

today. AGENTS WANTED.





 





 





 





 





 





HEREBY" 1.161111





w’ Reading. study or work is a pleasure when

-‘ done under the soft. brilliant rays of the



“Best" Light. N 0 other illumination so



effective or cheap. Costs only he w



No smoke. dirt norodor. Over2008tyles.



Write for catalog. Agata wanted cosm-

where. THE BEST UGHT CO.



280 E. 5th St. Conton. O.
268—20 ..





 





Summing up the

whole tire question

INVESTIGATE tires, as





{Iou [would farm machinesl

. ou find that standard





Ajax tires offer more value, .be-

cause Ajax Tires alone are guar-

anteed in writing for 5000 miles.

Get this extra service! Decide

now on Ajax Tires and save

from $4 to $20 a tire, according

to the Wheel size you use.





raising

TERES '





Guaranteed

271 writzng

OOO

MILES





" ”/hlls other: are claiming

Quality we are guaranteeing it."





AJAX-GRIEB RUBBER Co.

1796 Broadway, New York City

Factories.- Trenton. N. J.





 





makes except Ajax have an .

anticipated. life of 3500 miles. -





THE MICHIGAN FARM-ER





‘ SheepFarming Profitable. '





 





N the past twelve years, during



which I have been engaged in



farming in Michigan, I have re-

ceived in cash over $8,000 for lambs

and wool marketed. In view of this

cash return and the great value of

feeding and marketing the crops on

my own farm, which conserves the

fertility of the soil, it is plainly seen

that sheep may profitably be made a.

very important factor in Michigan

farming. It is safe to say that the

cash taken in for this one line of pro-

duction is “easy money.” In other

words, it is money earned with as lit-

tle expense as anything that can be

produced on a farm.



I sell the lambs off from grass in

late fall with no extra feeding or ex-

pense.’ They have always brought ov-

er $6; this year was the top, $6.75 per

hundred. I winter from 100 'to 150

ewes.

season figured up to $1,100, which was

the income from about 150 “Black-top”

ewes. This type of sheep are profit-

able from the fact they shear around

10 pounds of good staple wool per

head and by crossing with the larger

mutton breeds you get a good-sized

lamb, in fact, nearly as large as the

pure-bred Shrop. Since I have been





 





 





 





 





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., D. T. BOHON §{:~.;-§‘ _





2048 Main St. r \\ —- C

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SAVE





 





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odiameter. 12%4m. loankg.

‘ no man or oy in es

make your own 500 a. day by hand—1200

D in I". by power. Tile thoroughly



m cured by patent process.

Machine and tile used by U. S. Department

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Thousands of farmers have doubled yield

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of cost through this machine. You can do

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10 Days' free TrlaI—Diroct from Factory to you.





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PARMERS’ CEMENT TILE MACHINE COMPANY





Box 307. St. Johns. Michigan.





 





With the Farmers‘

,n/LyfiQment Tile Machine.





' ter it would have been.





raising this kind of sheep I have lost

but very few ewes and very seldom a

lamb, while with the Shropshire breed

some seasons I lost as high as a doz-

en good large ewes. Of course, in

small flocks the larger breeds ‘will do

much better and the losses will not be

so great. '



There are not many farms on which

there is not some rough land and a

good many are nearly all rough and

unfit for profitable cultivation. But

with the sheep industry there is not

a farm that the sun shines on but

what most every foot can be utilized

at a good profit. When we come to

travel east, west, or south, we find

ravines and gullies that are absolute-'

ly worthless, dotted all over the land,

which are not only an eyesore to the

country but a “dead loss” to the own-

er. Once this same land was covered

with timber and when this was re-

moved its owner could hardly have

patience for the stumps to decay that

the plow might rip up a steep hillside

in order to plant what is called a

“cash crop.” It mattered not whether

the expense was greater than the re-

turns, these hills must be plowed up

in order to .make the soil more pro-

ductive. This seems to be the theory

of the average Michigan farmer, which

is entirely wrong. The reward has

been that many a farm has been prac-

tically ruined, washed and gullied and

is now unfit for even pasture land. If

these same hills had been left as na-

ture made them, with a thick blanket

of prolific June grass or bluegrass sod

upon them, which would have protect-

ed the surface for all time from wash-

ing away, and with a nice little drove

of sheep kept thereon, how much bet-

It is all right

to be ambitious and plow, but when

we go against common sense and do

things that are not profitable or prac-

tical, it would be much better to go

fishing or be idle.



I have always arranged my fences

so as to give the sheep the rough





 





 





 





 

 





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MPLE’





 





 





 

 





SPEED IN'D





 





 

 

 

 





   

 





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Box 11 Sidney. Ohio





 





 





   

 

 

 





Price $3.00 postpaid. AGENTS wanted. :

Circular FREE. Write for special offer.





   





 





- ILLINI SHOCK ABSORBEBS ,; '

FOB FORD CABS '





Save tires. Save jolts. -‘

. Save springs. Price per

‘ Set of Four. $3.50. Retail

. 312312.00. Shock Absorbers . , p

for Heavy Cars per Set ;

$15.00. Auto Tires and on. is»

at wholesale. ,

WILLIAMS HARDWARE co. ‘

Dept. a Ciro-tor. Ill.





 





 

 

 





land, or land that is expensive and

disadvantageous to work upon, for

pasture, and the level soil I utilize for

crops. In this way the sheep industry

can be made to pay out well, and your

whole farm can be made to earn a

dividend and the expense bill will not

be as high. It costs twice as much to

produce. any crop on rough land as it

does on the level, but your bunch of

sheep will farm for the same price

and do a good job on those hills.



The time has come when the raising

of sheep for mutton and wool is going

to be very profitable, from the fact

the lands that are worth $100 and up-





 





 





 





wards per acre, especially when but





My lambs and wool this last.





and productive, can not be utilized for

pasture at a profit and the number of

sheep’must be reduced, as well as all

kinds of stock, fer this reason. Hence

the farmer who has a large acreage of

“cheap land” can successfully produce

sheep at a. good profit on his invest-

ment.



There is no stock .upon the farm

that requires as little care through the

winter and will do as well on rough

feed. I am wintering 185 ewes. Not

having any clover hay I am feeding all

corn fodder. The corn that is fed is

standing in the shock. I draw up

about 100 common-sized corn binder

bundles, or about two shocks, corn

and all, and feed in the morning and

at night they are fed in the basement,

stalks Which I had shredded in the

barn. The shock corn I am feeding

was planted late and the quality is

poor. Also it is not well cared. It

takes less than one hour per day to

care for this bunch of 185 ewes and

they are fat and look; fine.



The fariner’si'most profitable income

is from his own production at low

cost. But too many do not figure the

cost bill. This is where the sheep pay

the best profit of any stock. The wool

from a good shearer will more than

pay the cost of keeping and the $4 to





FEB. 27, 1915..





$7 which the lamb brings is profit,

and a mighty good one. ,

I find it very handy when we want





a little fresh meat; especially in the _





warm weather season, to kill a good

fat mutton. There is no better, or

more wholesome food to be found,

when properly dressed and cooked,

and if more people, especially farm—

ers, would buy a few aged ewes each

season, if they have no sheep, and fat-

ten them up it would cheaply supply

a good lot of tender and delicious

meat. Such ewes can be bought for

three to four cents per pound on foot,

while an old tough cow, old enough to

vote, will cost five to six cents, and

on the butchers’ block 10 to 20 cents

per pound."



Of course, every farmer has his lik<

ing for some certain line of farming

or stock raising. But I am simply

pointing out a few facts and figures in

favor of the sheep industry, especially

for. those whose capital is limited and

who can not invest as much cash as

it requires to own herds of cattle or

other stock. It would not be wise or

profitable for all of us to go into

sheep and nothing else, but a few

sheep on the small farms to graze up«

on the hills and rough land, and a.

hundred or two on the larger farms,

will prove profitable and economic to

any progressch farmer.



\Vashtenaw Co. B. F. WASIIBURNE.





Hill" iEIi?l“lithlliiilliliiflil!iiHiillHiiiiilililillliiiiiliffiiiI':,ii=“iflh“5:35ifJEHHHHHH”Hit?!'iillilllllllHliHiiiiiHilIHHHIIHHHHWFill!iillllilill!I“HHllHHHHHI“NIH”lllllllH“HIHHIlllllllfiillllllliiiiiiIllil.ii!





Making and Feeding Charcoal.





1..





 





VERY hog raiser knows that

E some form of mineral matter is



important in the ration of the

hog, but as it sometimes seems diffi-

cult to get this necessary feed it is

either neglected or considered so un-

important that it is not provided.

Charcoal is a good farm of mineral

matter and it is not difficult nor ex-

pensive to make a large supply at one

time. It is one of the most valuable

supplements to the hog’s ration and

it has several important uses.



As a conditioner to keep the entire

herd healthy it is excellent. Mineral

matter is required in building up and

strengthening the bone. There is a

considerable amount of it that goes to

make and purify the blood, and the

condition of the blood has a great deal

to do with the power of the hog to

withstand disease germs which are al~

ways present in large or small num-

bers, and may at any time become so

numerous as to overpower the animal.

Charcoal, salt and such foods fed oc-

casionally, and the liberal use of lime

and good disinfectants about the hog

house will keep down the number of

disease germs and allow the hogs to

remain healthy and make proper use

of the fattening feeds as they should.



Charcoal keeps the hogs from get-

ting what is commonly called “down

in the back,” a trouble that is more or

less common, especially in the winter,

and which is said to be due to the

lack of mineral matter in the food.

Hogs that have been fed corn as the

main part of their ration for a num-

ber of years will become so weak in

their bones that they can hardly stand

on their feet. This is a very undesir-

able thing, especially among breeding

hogs. VVhile it is a most desirable

thing to have the hogs that are to be

fattened, fine in bone, the breeding

type should be bordering on' the rough

and heavy bone type. .



If charcoal and other mineral feeds

are provided in sufiicient quantities,

it 'will do more to stop the pigs from

rooting up fine pastures than putting

rings in their noses. Mineral matter

is required and in order to get it the

hogs will root up the sod and search

for roots and other feed under the

soil.



The first requirement in making

charcoal is a kiln. This can easily be

made by digging a hole in the ground,

any dimension from the size of a bar-





ref to the size eta cistern, according





to the amount of charcoal that is to

be made. Some people do not think it

is necessary to dig a hole, but instead

prefer to bank the fire up with dirt.

However, I have found that the former

method gives best results and have

always used it. In digging the hole it

is necessary to keep the entrance at

the top small enough to be covered

with a door. Vie have an iron door

that covers the hole completely. An

iron door can be obtained from nearly

any old iron dealer or if one is not at

hand a substitute can be made by

flattening out a section of a wornout

boiler.



Start the fire in the hole and keep

adding fuel to keep up a vigorous

flame. \\'hen the hole is full of the

coals and the top material seems to be

charred through, place the lid over

the fire and cover it With dirt to keep

all air from the fire. In a day or so,

according to the size of the kiln, the

fire will have completely died out and

the coals will be ready for feeding.



There are several kinds of wood

that are suitable for making charcoal,

the best, perhaps, being the common

willow. Good charcoal can be made

of oak, in fact, no one need be with-

out it because they cannot get the

particular kind of wood that is said

to make the best grade of charcoal,

for it can be made of nearly any kind.

Ends of boards or any kind of scrap

pieces of well—seasoned wood will

serve the purpose. By using such ma-

terial we can put to profitable use

much of the trash that is often al-

lowed to be scattered about the lot

and yard and which often spoils the

neat appearance of our premises.



Usually wherever hogs are fed there

can be seen large piles of corn cobs

that litter up the pens and become a

nuisance. Nothing makes better char-

coal than corn cobs. When burnt they

become soft and are easily eaten. If

they are saved, allowed to dry, instead

of being trampled in the mud, and,

when charcoal is made, mixed in with

the wood, they can be utilized profit-

ably and the pens can be kept cleaner.



One of the best ways to feed char—

coal is to provide a shallow box, place

it in an easily accessible part of the

hog house where it will be dry, and

fill it with the charcoal; The hogs

will eat from it when their system de-

mands it and-there is no danger of

them getting too much to do them any

harm. C. H. (WHEATLEY.





 





.: W... mwvwdrai (W‘m‘jw
W... “wavw—lm (W‘m‘flu





FEB. 27, .1915.

I m

' FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS.





 





Potatoes for Fattening Hogs.





I have five hogs to feed. At present

park is low in our local market and

grain feed is high priced, but I have

lots of potatoes worth about ten cents

per bushel on the farm at local prices.

I want to know if I can feed cooked

potatoes with tankage at a profit?

How much tankage would it take to

balance the‘ration? Could I do with

out corn in the ration? The hogs

weigh now about 200 to 250 lbs. each.



Montmorency Co. H. S. McK.





Under the conditions mentioned in

this inquiry potatoes can be very prof-

itably used in connection with other

grains in feeding these hogs. In ex-

periments conducted to determine the

comparative value of potatoes as a

feed for fattening hogs, where cooked

potatoes were fed with corn meal at

the rate of about three pounds of po-

tatoes to one pound of corn meal, it

was found that four and a‘half bush-

els equaled one bushel of corn in feed-

ing value. When so fed, by adding





say five per cent of tankage ‘to this-

combination the feeding value would





be still further improved and the hog

could be fattened at much less cost

than would be the case where fed up-

on corn alone. It would, however, be

impractical to fatten hogs on a ration

of cooked potatoes and tankage alone,

for the potatoes are too bulky a food





to produce maximum gains. It would,

be better to feed with grains in about





the proportions above noted.

LiVE STOCK NEWS.





All the surroundings of the sheep

and lamb market are favorable for

sheepmen, and no greater mistake can

be made by them than to hurry up

shipments to market of flocks that are

not well matured. It is true that tem-

porarily the market may develop dull-

ness and weakness, and this may hap-

pen at any time until the quarantines

due to cattle plague are all called off.

But ultimately prices are expected to

rule higher than ever as a result of





THE".MICHIGAN‘FAR'MER





 





farm produce to its fullest extent. Big crops require large quantities of available plant food. Swift’s Fertil-



izers supply the available plant food, insuring a. quick, vigorous growth and early complete maturity. Those who

have used Swift's Fertilizers in the past will use more than ever before this year to take full advantage of war prices.

If you have never used Swift’s Fertilizers, now is the time to begin.





Prize Winners Use Swift’s Fertilizers





. .. N

YOU are facing the greatest opportunity American farmers have ever known. Now, if ever, is the time to make your





 





' ' Average per Acre

Men 3 5 Acre Contest. Shelled Corn





Top Dress Your Wheat





The wheat you put in last Fall should be top

dressed this Spring. The fertilizer may be drilled‘or broad-





will not be injured. Apply up to the time wheat is4inchcs

high. The choiceol’tbe rightt‘ertilizcr is of absolutely vital importance.

Swift's Fertilizers drill perfectly. They do not leach away. but

become a part of the soil.





Agents Wanted in

Swift 8: Company — Dept. C





Blood, Bone and Tankage Always Win.

u





Arnett Rose, Ohio Champion,

! Norris Mcfllfinry, 112. 13 bus. Alger, Ohio. 153'90 bus.

' b was. " h t ‘ u.

”2 ethto Ind. Hm es in Stu Harold Doster, Mayfield, Ohio 92 6 bus.

G. W. Thompson, 104.22 bus. Champion Cuyahoga Co. '

Letts, Ind. Ray Friedersdorf, 128.8 bus.

) Paul Putnam. 1002 5““ Elizabethtown, Ind. Highest in State

' Columbus, Ind. RE D ST 55 R Sherman Magaw, 103 45 bus

David Dunn. 93,03 In... BRAN o; Edinburg, Ind. ' ‘

- Columbus, Ind. ' Gordon Reap, 97.45 bus.





' . _ run: MARK ‘

. ~ noun-nu





m 115: TI];





 





casted. _If broadcasted, it should he worked into the soil by Lookfor than”! Steer on every result of twenty—five years practical exmricm-e. Swift's

harrowmg. If you use a drill. lift the disks so the wheat ‘“‘;f.,iétt”"“"iz"zé,‘lz‘l’l‘i’ 0’ dealers furnish the brands that have made other farmers





Yield per Acre





9

Boys 1 Acre Contest. shelled Com





Elizabethtown, Ind.





For the Biggest Yield of All Crops





Swift’s Brands for various crops and soils are the





the most net profit on similar soils and crops.



Swift‘s Fertilizers are good drillers—best crop producers. Ifyou can

not buy Swift’s Fertilizers from your local dealer. write us direct.

Place Your Order Now.





Unoccupied Territory

U. S. Yards —-





 





 





Chicago, Illinois





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





increase in value v ,\





new





‘1 Not only{in selling who but In working ;‘ r,

3_ value. . ou don’t_go at the sprmg ,

.: work With your Winter clothes on-

then why expect the horse to do 50— K ‘

' he feels the warm weather Just as -

much as oudo. Chpoff hisheavycoat ,_

“ that hol s the wet sweat and dirt, EASY A





r "new: wvw- Ml‘mflnm" nu».





' .Horscsfi’Mulcs





s in

'/





 





BIG RETURNS FOR



LITTLE INVESTMENT



In Star Sweep Feed Grinders.

Grind ear corn and small

grain at home. with one

' horse or two. Guaranteed

capacity.materla.ls an 6 work-

manship. No long drive; no

ml 1 l tolls. Catalog for a post-





s'rm MFG. 00.,

‘- - 11 Depotsu, New Imxlngton.0.





 

 





 

 

 

 





s ,

_:~ *1

.li!





 





 





 





 





Michigan Livestock Insurance Co.

capital Stock—$100,000. Surplus—$100,000

Home Office—Charlotte, Michigan.





 





Io — “lei-I spun





Only Home Co. in Michigan.





COLON C. LlLLlE President.





It will give him new life and energy. He'llrest better. feel better-york

better and repay you many times for the little it requires to 0110 him.

Pays also to ehpfile udder: and flanks of your cows—prevents dirt from drop-





 





 

 

 





—. .m mm. ., ,





the unusually small number of sheep

and lambs now held in feeding dis-





 





tricts of the United States. Northern

Colorado sheepmen are doing a nor-

mal amount of feeding, but other parts

of the state are feeding far less than

usual numbers, and this is true also of

such states as Kansas and Nebraska,

while Iowa, which state had a million

head of western sheep and lambs in





its feeding sections a year ago, has,





less than half that number now. All

through the middle west and east, al-

most universally, sheep and lamb feed-

ing is being carried on sparingly, due

to the dearness of feeders at first and

to quarantines later interfering with

stocking up, and this holds true of

cattle as well. Another thing that is

sure to strengthen the live mutton in-

dustry later on is the expectation of

a small lamb crop next spring, due to

curtailed holdings of breeding ewes in

many parts of the country. The states

of Kentucky, Tennessee and Virginia

are always depended uponfor early

supplies of fat spring lambs, but Ken-

tucky has been hit hard by the foot-

and-mouth disease. .



The Brookwater Duroc Sale, an-

nounced in another column of this is-

sue ‘for March 4, will afior‘d Michigan

farmers and breeders an unusual op-

portunity to buy foundation stock of

the best quality at sale ring values.

It will be remembered that at Prof.

Mumford’s first Duroc sale, held last

summer, the average made for the ex-

cellent offerings was very low, qual-

ity considered. While a better aver-

age is almost certain at this sale, yet

values will doubtless be low for the

blood that is being offered, especially

when it is considered that the sows

offered carry their own guarantee and

have been wintered at the seller’s cost.

The offerings are rich in the blood of

the best famliies of the breed and

most of the sows and gilts offered are

bred to Brookwater Cherry King,

Cherry King’s Fancy, Cherry King’s

.Rival, etc., while a number of them

are sired by Cherry King, Jr., a blood

brother to the Royal Grand Champion,

Orion Cherry King. There are also

two tried sows by Orion Chief, 14

bred gilts by Defender K and nine by

Brookwater Cherry King. A few high-

class young boars are also included

in the offering. Michigan breeders and

farmers should keep the bulk of this

excellent oflering in the state to im-

prove.the herds already established

and as foundation stock for new herds

of the breed. ‘





 





ass: and stays





. i'VVV'WHHPW'VV‘H'wv‘





 





the celebrated Stewart single

t one from your dealer or





pins into the milk. The best and most generally used clipperisthe





Stewarl still. clipping Machine





Insist on having the Stewart, the machine that turns easier, clips faster and

p longer than any other. Gears are all cut from

solid steel her. They are enclosed

little wear. Has SIX feet of new style easy running flexible shaft and Price only





' balance. Money and transportation charges back if not satisfied.





CHICAGO FLEXIBLE SHAFT 60.,

Write for complete new catalog of horse clippinnndsheep shearing





 





H. J. WELLS, - :- Secretary-Treasurer.





of. ALUMINUM suoss





 

 

 





 





 





protected and run in oil. little friction, Sun Money IndquIVflII Sicknsss





   





\Vnter-proof, Rust-proof.

Rut-proof. Wan-min Winter,cool

in summer. Weigh t abou t the

same as (luau-leather work shoe.

W'illoutwcar sevcmlpairsoileath-

cr, rubber or wood soled shoes.

No mctaltouchcs you. Thick felt

insole. Conifortnbleio wear. Keep





tension clipping head. Highest rade.

send $2.00 and we’ll ship c. oi). for 3750





Us N. La Salle St., Chicago, Ill.

machines. Harledfree.





 





 

 





Saves grain. Puts fat on stock quicker and cheaper.

Write us today for low prices and iguantee. t.

W & MPIIV Box 13 [It will Mi ' an





   





 

 

   

 





   





‘ Why use cheap inferior unprinted

M writing paper when you can get

100 envelopes. good quality. both neatly printed and





postpaid to your address for only 81.00.

WEBB V. WILDMAN. Printer. Tekonsba, Mich





, the feet in good condition. Best

by test for all workin any weather.



MONEY BACK” shoes do not

meet with your approval. Write

for FREE booklet which shows

how to order. A posta lbrlnzsit.





Dept. 71 Racine. Wis.





' 100 note size letter headings and





 





 





OVERLAND SHOE 00.





 





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





28

Years

the Leader





Hayes Four-Wheels guarantee surer ger-

minal {on and quicker growth. Wheels pack

the dirt from the sides to hold moisture

and leave a. ridge on top so that the corn

sprouts quickly and comes up several days

sooner. The ridge gives greater surface

for the sun’s heat and prevents washouts

in hilly fields. This method assists the bud-

ding sprout, protects its vitality and makes

stronger and healthier stalks.



Hayes Four-Wheels cover where all ordi-

nary open wheels fail—even in wet and sticky

ground. Guaranteed not to clog. Short

coupled, light draft and turns in shortest

space. Checks will: absolute accuracy. re-

gardless of team’s speed. Cross rows

straighter than the way you drive.



Theflayeo Drop never misses a hill. Sim-

ple. reliable and most efficient. Fewer parts.

less breakage and delays. Has no clutch





 

 

 





..





\





 





 





 

 

 





l

.1. . .

'.'\:;‘.n!u.,!!!ll..-;--- /. evenly misses hills or does not check accuratel .

hi... . v y





 

 

 





"ffigcultivation, an earlier harvest, a better quality and bigger quantity.





 





F our Wheels—Bigger Yields





OOD seed and good soil is only the starting



(z .. point in raising a big corn crop. You can no



, more aflford to plant with an old, worn out



“‘0 . corn planter or a complicated new one full of fads

/'.i.[1'\l ' and fandangles than you can to plant floor seed.



/ ill, You can’t afford towaste your time and labor or



risk your entire crop with a planter that covers un-





-





M l I .. I I n ~

“insulin...





Uneven depth of planting means a bigger loss than

'2 many realize. It’s especially bad in cold, backward sea-

2. sons; often amounts to several times the cost of a. planter

‘ in a single year. Avoid planting part of the corn so



deep that no matter how good the seed or how rich

r“ ' the soil many of the hills ”ever come up—or leav-

ing other hills uncovered so that the sun and





wind destroy or stunt their growth.





Hayes Four-W'heels regulate depth of planting to the

fraction of an inch. Corn all comes up at the same time, allows earlier





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





if“. ‘





. ‘s

’ “(\‘V'JL‘





to miss and give trouble. Never tracks or Learn the experience of farmers who have

grind: the seed. Will drop accurately any increased their yields by big margins with

size or shape kernel. 1V0 bare spots in the use of the Hayes—who have finished

Hayes planted fields. No replanting ne- planting earlier—who have begun cultiva-

cessary. Increased yields soon pay for it. tlon earlier. Every Hayes user will tell

Thousands in use for years with practi- you the work is easier—faster—better: the

cally no repair expense and every one glv- results more satisfactory—m ore profitable.

ing time-saving, money-making service. No 1 So much depends on the work of the plant-

complicated parts to get out of fix. Strong ' er that a farmer cannot afford to get any-

construction. practically exempt from break- thing less than the best service.

age. No expensive and aggravating delays Can be furnished with perfect working

in the busy planting season. Easy and Fertilizer or Cow Pea. Attachments. Stub

slmlplle; Eloholperate and can be trusted, to Runners or Déskls‘in 1 l ed

was i e e p. s p enter 3 guarante .

Think these things over and start inves~ WRITE' It must be all we claim and

tlgating NOW. Learn the overwhelming all you expect. Send for Free Book “AC”

advantages in Hayes Four-Wheel 0011- cf Valuable Planting Facts. Write today.

structlon. Ask any Hayes user. then you won’t forget.





HAYES PUMP & PLANTER COMPANY, GALVA, ILL





“‘1le
Iilll|iIiiIii|illililiililiiiiliiiiiiiql





 





   





How did Maine in-

crease its average

potato yield 75.8

bushels per acre? By

proper seed selec-

tion, thorough tillage

and the use of suit-

able plantfood.





Our Special Potato Bulle-

tin tells how a Wisconsin

farmer raised 470 bushels

per acre.





Write for this free

literature.





The Middle West Soil





Improvement Committee



althe National FertilizerAaaociation



918 Poatal Telegraph Bldg.

CHICAGO





   





O movement of recent years, per-

haps no movement in the his-

tory of this section, has spread



with such amazing rapidity as has the

co-operative idea during the last few

months. Genuine co-operative meth-

ods began first, in the county, in the

case of certain rural telephone organ-

izations. In many cases theSe organ-

izations were somewhat crude and un-

wieldy, but they furnished the first

step, and taught the farmers they

could co-operate for the purpose of do-

ing business. The first real business

enterprise for the purpose of bring-

ing better profits to the producer, took

shape in the form of a co-operative

creamery which was established at

Litchfield. This creamery has been

from the beginning, remarkably satis-

factory and successful, and to its suc-

cess is due, without a doubt, later

steps in co—operation. Less than two

years ago, Litchfield, the home of the

successful co-operative creamery, or-

ganized a co-operative shipping asso-

ciation, the first organization of its

kind in this section of Michigan. As

with the creamery, so with the ship-

ping association, success crowned'its

efforts from the beginning. From this

Center of the co—operative enterprise

the movement has spread during the

past few months, throughout the en-

tire county and into the adjacent por-

tions of Branch county.



Leavening the Whole Lump.



Since this article deals primarily

with co-operation among the farmers

of Hillsdale county, othei communities

will be given only a passing mention,

to assist in 1llust1at1ng the hold which

the c0-ope1at1ve idea has taken on the

farmers of this section. The associa-

tion at Quincy dealt with by the writer

in a recent article in these columns,

got its inspiration and ideas from

Litchfield. This Quincy association

has enjoyed during its brife existence-

an extraordinary degree of success,

and an unusually rapid growth, and

now numbers about 275 members. The

success at Quincy started the ball roll-

ing at Goldwater, where a large asso-

ciation is now doing business.



Returning to Hillsdale county, we

find that at the rate the idea is

. spreading, every township will have

_ an organization, or an interest in one,



before grass grows again. At Cam-

den a strong co-operative association

has been doing a successful business

for months, and helping to spread the

movement to neighboring localities.

Cambria and Montgomery are well and

successfully organized, and the farm-

ers who constitute the membership of

this association are well pleased with

results so far.





   

   

   





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





   

 





 





   

   

   

 





 





that’athe most fitting name for a scale. It reg-

lsters the value of your hay. grain or livestock.

Shows if you get your money ’5 worth 0! what

you buy. Get the easily built. accurate





Allen Piilcss 3:3, Scale





Guaranteed for ten years. Works without trio- .

3011.“ Absolutely accurate according to U. B.

lands



Allen Improved Land Rollers

We Guarantee satis-

faction or money is re-

funded. Catalog Free.

Allen Pltlels Scale Co...

Box 40 New CastleJn Ind. _





 

 

 

 

 

 

   





 

   





needing. Cashor easy

, torml. Write To- -Day.





   





 





 





......





 





 





It's easy

I o g a r -

den with

Iron Age

tools.





wuzaf HOES

, AND DRILLS





mean a big variety of

fine vegetables. with

drudgery - stooping.

hoeing and» hand-weed-

ing cut out.





In tion the tool shown below will open [tam

fangs. 3331‘.“ :ifiqnuoua rows or drorth. in hills. cover the





   

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





' 3 on.

. no 12 W. trai ht lantlnx '

”an 50 clones aa‘fe finltiva an. ”Ant you}





free book let

w'fltGelgdgontlgV-I thfgl-odern Toola. "





BATE M A N



M'F’G 00.

lo:



=Cnnloeh. NJ.





STOP WASTE 1113011





.Don’ t waste labor by lifting a load into a wag-

. — . ,7 on bed 4 feet from the ground. Lift

' '2 -. only 2 feet by equipping with low—l





EMPIRE STEEL WHEELS





__ Far stronger thanw wooden wheels.

Cannot rot or bow. 0 BREAK-





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





afiuamnteed or man

_ back quick. to today for SO-VDay,

.A No Rial: Trlal Won «‘1





In 689 mm Ill-I





MAl’lJi SYRUP MAKERS





THE MICHIGAN .FARMER





Jilii 111-:11iiillliiiiiliiiiiiilllliiiiiliiiiIiiiiillliiillllliililllililiiiiIliiliiilliilllliiiiliilllliiiiililillIIlliiiiiillill|IlliliiiilliiilIiiiiiiiilliIlliiiiIliliiiiiiIiiiliilliliiiiliiililiilliilliiiliiiiliiiiiilliliilililliliiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiliiiiillg





Farm Commerce.





'L—lliiiiilliiiiIiiiiiiilliiiiiiillliiiilliiillliiiiillliiilliliiilllIiiillil|Iiiiiiliiiiiiiilllililililillllliilliiiiiiliilliiilliliillliiiiiiliiiililliillliiiliiiiliiiiiiiilililiiiiiliiilliiiiiiiiliilililiiii. ”iii" 11 fiiiiii 1’iiiiiiiiilliillliiililiillliiifla





"@ Spread of (Io-operation 1n Hillsdale Co,





 





established, and nearly ready to begin

the shipping of farm produce. At

Reading, initial steps have been taken

and a permanent organization is as-

sured. The same is true at Jonesville

and Allen, where meetings have been

held and the soliciting of shares of

stock is well under way.

The Objects of Organization.



In all the co-operative associations

established so far, in this section, the

shipping of live stock and other farm

produce is one of the primary objects.

So successful and satisfactory have

the associations proved in this line,

that local stock buyers have been put

out of business. Farmers have been

amazed at the profits which they find

from experience, must often have gone

into the pockets of these local stock

buyers. Everywhere the cry is to

bring the producer and consumer clos-

er together, and these shipping asso-

ciations are eliminating the local

stock buyer who has for years made a.

good living and in many cases, amass-

ed a fortune at the expense of the pro-

ducers. As one farmer said, "The

stock buyers are not to blame, they

have taken advantage of the oppor-

tunity, but the farmers are to blame

for permitting it.” Farmers have

found that stock buyers reaped their

biggest harvest from rough stuff. One

farmer who is a member of a shipping

association sold five old ewes recently

which netted him five cents. in Buffa‘

lo. At the most, he could have got

but two and one-half cents had he

sold to local buyers. This instance

is an illustration in point. What was

t111e in the case of the ew es, has been

shown” 01 e1 and 0v e1 again, to be true





iiiiiiiliiiiiii 1i111.1iiiii1iiiii1.





’1‘1111.111'iil1iiii1 11ii:





'fifis‘fzt.‘ 1915.





in the case of old cows and rough

stuff of all kinds. An astonishingly

large saving to farmers has also been

realized in the case of veal calves. 'On

all stock, however, from the best to

the poorest, these co-operative ship-

ping associations are realizing at each

shipment better money than could pos-

sibly be obtained from local buyers.





The elimination of this middleman,.





with his profits, gives the producer a

more just share in the fruits of his

labor.



Sees a Large Future.



It is the realization of this fact

which is at the bottom of the rapid

spread of the co-operative idea. \Vhat

is now being done in the line of the

shipment of live stock will doubtless

be done soon, along other lines. The

erection of grain elevators and ship-

ment of grain, the establishment of

creameries, kraut factories, warehous-

es and stores, are some of the things

talked about in various quarters. Al-

ready a co-operative store has been

assured at Litchfield. In many in-

stances, also, coal, mill-feed, and other

commodities are being handled by the

associations, with a marked saving to

the farmers.



The above brief sketch of the

growth and spread of the co-operative

idea in this section, will give the read-

er a general idea of its importance

and significance. Without doubt, it is

the most significant and far-reaching

movement of recent years. It promis-

es to revolutionize the business meth-

ods of the small towns and of the

farming districts. It is as important

in its field as the rural mail service

and rural telephone are in theirs. It

is a step in the right direction, solving

as it does, a portion of the great prob-

lem of bringing the producer and the

consumer closer together. Could some

arrangement be made by which the

consumer at the other end of the line

could eliminate another middleman,

another step in the solution of a grave

problem would be taken.



Hillsdale Co. . J. A. KAISER.

ti. li1lili111|1 1' 1111’ ‘ 1111:. ll1HiiiilililliliiiidhhilIlii1liii11 111i





 





 





Cost of Auto-Truck Delivery.





VERY 1eader is anxious to know—

what it is costing the users of

motor trucks for the service se-

cured from these vehicles. By reason

of this we are pleased to publish the

figures furnished us by Mr. Charles

Bingham, of Oakland county, who is

using a one and a half ton truck to

deliver produce upon the Detroit mar-

ket. The distance from his farm to

the eastern market is 21 miles.

During the peach harvest last fall

Mr. Bingham had 1,100 bushels of

peaches that he marketed in 13 days

with the motor truck. He did all of

the driving and selling except for the

help of a boy on the market. Allow-

ing himself a wage of $4. 00 pe1 day

his actual expenses itemized are as

follows:

Actual Truck Expenses.





 





 





 





The Grimm Evaporator





used by principal

maple syrup makers

everywhere. Sav-

lng of time and fuel





 





 





 





At a large meeting in 100 gals. gasoline at 13c ........ $13. 00

the city hall of Hillsdale city recently, 10 gals Oil at 28C -------------- 2 80

the first ste s were taken toward the Other grease .................. 2.00

. P , , , 13 days’ work at $4.00 .......... 52.00



formmg of a co-operat1ve assoc1at10n.

This association is now permanently Total expense ............... $69.80



#4

:3.





 





alone will pay for

thooutfit. Write for

catalogue and slate

number of trees you





 





Rfiiiit) 1—‘lz





 





 





GRIMM MANUFACTURING CO.

I69-62l Champlain Ave., N. W. Blevolaml. Ohio





“lore Potatoes”





Hi LLSDH‘ F.





«1 15f





 





   





   





 





 





 





, From ground plaiiEtedns?c61reg

by use of TheK

POTA ATO PLANT YER than

by any other method of





   





a"





‘7.





 





 





1... i

, planting. York perfectly ae-





 





 





 





 





 





. i 1-, the simple strong

. U .’ bl'e machine. 'Writd

ATALOG, price. etc.





R.





 





 





 

 





ad. i th Mi h I.

Just say—um 8317’. #33; 1111513. .ivmi’sei?“





1, Litchfield; 2, Allen; 3, Jonesville;

‘gomery; 7, Camden: 8, Quincy; 9, Goldwater.



Map Showing Proximity of (Bo-operative Organizations

Branch Counties.





4, Reading; 5, Cambria; 6, Mont-





in Hillsdale and





These figui es do not include any al-

lowance for depreciation, tire wear, or





repairs. They are the actual expenses

incurred in moving this particular

crop of fruit.





Now, if it had been necessary to

move this same fruit in the 13fdays

required to do it with the motor truck

with teams, the expenses would have

been greater. Two teams would have

been busy every day for the full 13

days and it would have necessitated

the hiring of five extra loads drawn

besides. Furthermore, Mr. Bingham

would have been kept on the market

constantly if he wished to do the sell-

ing. The actual expenses that would

have been incurred by team-hauling,

based upon many years’ experience,

are as follows:



Expenses for Team Hauling.





Two teamste1s at $2 per day“ $.52. 00

Teams in barn at ma1ket .......

Meals f01 teamsters ............ 13. 00





Five extra loads at $10 per load 50.00





 





Total expense .............. $127.00



This expense account does not in-

clude an allowance for Mr. Bingham’s

time, at the market. The extra loads

were charged at $10 per load which

covers all expenses of those hiring to

do this work, including meal and sta-

ble charges. Nor does this list allow

for depreciation Of horses and wag-

ons, shoeing bills, nor cost of grain

for horses. These items would about

offset the depreciation of car and tire

wear.



As the accounts stand, we observe

a difference in favor of the motor car

of $57.20 for the 13 days’ work, or'a

daily saving of $4.40.



In commenting upon the work he

was able to do with-this truck, Mr.

Bingham states that the daily saving

of $4.40 in actual ”expenses does not

measure all the benefit. Besides tak-
FEB. 20, 1915. —





ing the place of two men and two

teams, he was able to do his own sell-

ing and spend a few hours at home

each afternoon to look after the har-

vesting and keep things about the

farm in shape. Furthermore, the fruit

arrived in much better condition than

if it had been delivered on horse-

drawn vehicles. By reason of this he

was able to get'a better price. With

the truck Monday’s picking could be

on the market Tuesday morning, While

with the teams much of the day’s har-

vest would not get to the market be-

fore Wednesday morning. In selling

perishable products this dispatch

means a real advantage to the grower

in that a higher basis of prices can be

maintained with such prompt deliv-

ery. Mr. Bingham is satisfied that his

investment in the motor truck was a

good one. And there are others whose

experiences we shall mention later.





 





THE 1914 APPLE CROP.





 





The largest apple crop ever produc-

ed in the United States, that for 1914,

yielded 259,000,000 bushels, according

to estimates announced by the De-

partment of Agriculture. This yield

was 114,000,000 bushels more than was

produced in 1913. These figures rep-

resent the actual “agricultural yield”

the department explained, and should

not be confused with those of the

commercial crop, which comprise the

marketed portion of the total produc-

tion. In 1913 the commercial crop

was estimated at 40 per cent of the

agricultural production. Using the

same proportion for the 1914 basis,

the 1914 commercial crop would total

103,600,000 bushels.



The states leading in production of

apples in 1914 were: New York, 49,-

600,000 bushels; Pennsylvania. 23,100,-

000; Michigan, 17,200,000; Virginia,

15,300,000 ; Kentucky, 14,700,000;

Ohio, 13,300.000; Missouri, 12,500,000;

West Virginia, 12,400,000; North Car-

olina, 9,000,000; Tennessee, 8,600,000;

Washington, 8,300,000.





[lulllllmlllllllllllllIllNlllll“Mill”lllHm”I!“mllllllllllllllllfllmllllllllllllllllllllllll”Hill”IllIlllllllll

Crop and Market Notes.

Michigan.





Kalkaska Co., Feb. 15.—F'ields are

still nicely covered with snow. Stock

of all kinds in a healthy condition.

Rough feed is plentiful, but grain is in

limited supply. The acreage of pota-

toes will be reduced this year on ac

count of low prices, and more com,

oats and beans will be put in. Not

many eggs being produced. Dealers

are paying five cents above Elgin

prices for sweet cream.



Gratiot Co.,, Feb. 17.~—We have had

good sleighing, but the recent rains

and mild weather removed most of the

snow, so the fields are bare while

many acres of wheat are flooded. The

roads are good, though icy. Live

stock is plentiful and wintering well,

as farmers have plenty of feed. As a

result of beans being marketed quite

freely, the price took a decline, the

highest paid now being $2.90. Quanti-

ties of hay are being baled, most of

which is being held for higher prices.



Washtenaw Co., Feb. 15.—The snow

and ice which has covered the fields

for the past few weeks has almost en-

tirely disappeared, and wheat, rye and

meadows appear in the green of early

fall, and apparently in fine condition.

Stock has wintered in good shape, and

there seems to be an abundance 'of

feed. A good deal of hay has been

baled and shipped at $12 per ton.

Hogs were shipped in large numbers,

and the market was disappointing to

feeders, as on account of the high

price of all grain, the hogs were fed

at a loss in many instances. Some

wheat and oats are being marketed at

$1.50 and 60 cents respectively. The

local creamery reports an average of

26% cents per pound for butter-fat for





the year.

New York.



Niagara Co., Feb. iii—There was

about one foot of snow until a few

days ago, and at present there is

neither good sleighing nor good

wheeling. Crops are in good condi-

tion. Most of the farmers are keep-

ing their feed for home use, as most

of the surplus was sold early. Wheat

561,350; beans $2.7.5@3.5-0; cabbage $6





New Jersey. .

Morris 09.. Feb. lfi—We have had

very little snow, sleighing lasted only





a. few days. Roads have been good





TH’E MICHIGAN FARMER - 23—271





until recently, but the milder weather

and rains have made them muddy.

Wheat and rye are not looking very

good now. The usual amount of live

stock is kept and is looking fairly

good. Hay $20; eggs 26c; butter 380;

rye $1.25.

Pennsylvania.





Lancaster Co., Feb. 15.—No snow

here, and we have had none all winter.

Wheat is not very good on account of

lack of snow; grass in meadows also

poor. No rye raised here. Live stock

in good condition. Quarantine still in

effect, although no new cases of foot-

and-mouth disease lately. Roads are

in very bad condition; frost is coming

out and we are having many rains.

Wheat is very high but most farmers

have sold. Hens laying well; eggs

230; butter 35c. Farmers are hauling

out tobacco.





Ohio.



Crawford Co., Feb. 15.——We had

much snow and good sleighing during

January, but the snow is now gone

and roads are very bad, being almost

impassable with loads. Wheat fields

and meadows look excellent; no rye

was sown. Stock is all doing well,

and most farmers have plenty of

rough feed, though some will run

short if spring is late. Not much fat

stock for sale. A large amount of

wheat moved to market while the

roads were good, but one-third of the

wheat crop is still on hand. The egg

production is increasing. Wheat $1.48;

oats 54c; corn 77c; hogs $6.50; lambs

$7; eggs 220; butter-fat 33c. ,



Wayne Co., Feb. 15.——Fine open

weather, snow and ice all gone, and if

fine weather continues plowing will

soon begin. Roads are very had, be-

ing almost impassable. Wheat, rye

and meadows are in good condition.

Stock of all kinds is in good condi-

tion; very few cattle for sale; many

bunches of hogs are ready for mar-

ket, but owing to the quarantine of

the stock yards, no sales can be made.

Farmers have plenty of roughage, but

many farmers, especially dairymen,

are short of grain. Public sales are

numerous, and everything sells well.

Many holdings of wheat were mar-

keted recently, the highest price

reached being $1.55. Oats 550; corn

70c; cattle $6; butter-fat 310. Eggs

more plentiful at 240.



Florida. .



Duval Co., Feb. 15.——The weather is

very cool, and all garden truck is

more backward than usual. There

have been excessive rains and roads

are had. A large packing plant is be—

ing erected in a nearby city so as .to

try and keep the southern cattle in-

stead of shipping live stock further

north.



St. John Co., Feb. 15.-The season

has been wet and cool. Potatoes look

fine, and there is every indication of a

large crop. Tomatoes fair; beans are

fair; strawberries are doing fine. This

county is putting brick on its main

highway, which will some day help to

form the Lincoln Highway. There are

a great many bomeseekers from the

north. Land sells for $50 per acre,

with no improvements.





2000 gallons of water

can be pumped from

a 30-foot well for 1

cent. Or you can

flood an acre of land

2 in. deep for 15 cents

worth of kerosene.





At a fuel cost of less

than 1 cent you can

cut a cord of stove

wood from hard-

wood poles.





> What Cent _

‘ Will Do ,





Yes, one lone cent! Spent wisely,

it is unbelievable what you can

accomplish with this small amount. ; .Eg

Andb spendin wisely we mean '



as fue for an E1 is Engine. Read

carefully every item. These are

facts—proven by thousands of

enthusiastic users.





Ellis ‘





Engines





are made in vertical and horizontal

types, from 1% H. P. to 18 H. P.

Strongest, simplest, most powerful

engines made—only three work-

ing parts. No cranking, no exces-

sive weight, no carbonizing, less

vibration, easy to operate.





Ellis Engines develop more power



on kerosene than some engines do



Electric Lighting on gasoline. Sent on 30 days free



You can run 10 elec- tria and guaranteed for 10 years.

trlc lights of 16-can- u . ,,



3:35 ping‘vle‘r 5:131:32? Our booklet, Engine Facts, de-



“ scriptive of Ellis Engines and their



many uses, sent free. Write for it.





cost of 1 cent.

ELLIS ENGINE COMPANY

2839 E. Grand Boulevard, Detroit, Mich.





 





 





Grinding Groin

0n 1 cent’s worth of

kerosene you can

grind 5 bushels of

grain into feed for

horses. cattle and



ogs.





, Cream Separating





You can run a me-

dium sized cream

separator for half an

hour for onlyi cent’s

worth of fuel.





With a two-cylinder

Ellis Engine mounted

on a suitable tractor

frame you can low

an acre of Inn for





 





Butter Churnmg'





With 1 cent’s worth

of fuel you can run a

butter chum for 56

hour sufficient to

make It» lbs. of

butter.





Silo Filling





You can fill silo with ,

.blower statue! cost '

ofjleasthan lfccnt for

each ton.





 





 





 





 





Volusia Co., Feb. 15.——A drouth last

July is affecting orange and grape

fruit, which it is said will be only half

a crop. Peas, tomatoes and beans are

further advanced than in the above

two counties. They have had too much

rain here, and it is very cool, With



(Continued on page 272).





 





A RAZOR SNAP.





 





A new lot of Imported German

Razors at 50 cents while the_supply

lasts, is now offered by the Michigan

Farmer. '



The razors are made of the best

German steel, five-eighth inch blade,

and black handle. we will not say

just What these razors ordinarily re—

tail at, as prices on razors vary With

each dealer, but we have seen razors

no better sold at $1.25 and $1.50.



Every man who shaves ought to

have at least three razors as it is a

proven fact that giving a razor a rest

is beneficial to it, and here is your

opportunity to get a supply at very

little cost.



JSo, only while our present supply

lasts the pricé is 50 cents each, post.

paid, or a half-dozen at $2.00, post-V

Paid.



A Strap Bargain, Too.



We also have a new lot of Presto

All-in-One razor straps that dealers

sold at $1.00 each. TheSe straps are

made of finest horsehide leather and

one side is treated with All-in-One

solution which makes it possible to

put a hair-splitting edge on the dull-

est razor. It combines the strap and

hone in one.



The special price on the strap

alone, while the .supply lasts, will be

50 cents, postpaid, but if ordered to-

gether with one of the above razors

the price of both will be only 75 cents

postpaid, or $1.25 with the Michigan

Farmer one year; $1.60 for three years

and $2.50 for five years. .



This would make a. nice present,

worth double the cost.





PERMANENT SILOS 0F HY-RIB BUNGRETE





are low in cost, easily built by ordinary

labor and have given general satisfaction

everywhere. Built without forms, they

require only the usual scaffolding and the

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THE, MICHIGAN FARMER





FEB. 27. 1915.





 





272 —-24

E IIIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|Illlllllllllllllllllllllllllllfl

M a rk 6 ts.

@lllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lIIIllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllulllllllflllllllllufi

A N D S E E D S.





GRAINS





 





February 23, 1915.



Wheat—Notwithstanding the fact

that the possibility of the govern-

ment’s placing an embargo upon food-

stufls to secure its supply, seems far

more remote than a week ago, prices

have suddenly declined. The reason

ascribed for the weakening is the in-

creased difficulty of getting wheat to

Europe by reason of the blockades an-

nounced by Germany and the Allies.

The position of the market is such

that a little uncertainty causes hold-

ers to let go of their stocks and thus

send prices downward. On the other

hand, confidence quite as quickly re-

stores the quotations. Primary re-

ceipts Monday were less than for the

corresponding day of last year. Wheat

is leaving this country at about the

rate of one million bushels per day,

and our visible supply is less than a

year ago. Weather conditions are re-

ported to be damaging the crop in

several central states. No. 2 red

wheat sold on the local market a year





ago at 99c. Quotations are as fol-

lows:



No. 2 No. 1



Red. White. May.

Wednesday ..... 1.58% 1.55% 1.61%

Thursday . . . . . .1.59 1.56 1.62%

Friday .. . ......1.60 .57 1.63%

Saturday . . . .1.58% 1.55% 1.62

Monday ......

Tuesday . . . . . . .1.53% 1.481 1.57



Chicago, (Feb. 23) .——May wheat is





quoted at $1.52; July $1.25% per bu.

Corn.—Corn values have suffered

with those of wheat. The visible sup—

ply of this grain in this country at

the present time is about two and a

half times what it was one year ago.

Primary receipts have been large and

but for unusual demand from Europe

the market would undoubtedly be

weak. Foreign buying, however, has

held values up. It is expected that if

events continue as they have been for

the past few months, the American

farmer will be able to dispose of his

large corn crop at unprecedented

prices. One year ago No. 3 corn was

quoted at 620 on the local market.

Quotations are as follows:





N o. 3 No. 3



Mixed. Yellow.

Wednesday . ........ 75% 76%

Thursday ........... 75 76

Friday . . . ........... 75 76

Saturday ........... 74 75

Monday ............ . . . .

Tuesda ............ 73 74





y



Chicago, (Feb. 23).——May corn 73.6c;

July 75.60 per bu.



Oats.———Values are lower, the de-

cline in wheat being the chief cause

for the weaker tone of trade. The

visible supply remains about steady

with the stocks of oats about a third

greater than they were in 1914.

One year ago standard oats were quot—

ed at 41340. Quotations are as fol-





lows:



Standard. White.



No. 3



Wednesday ......... 59 58 %

Thursday ........... 59 58 %

Friday .............. 60 59 %

Saturday ........... 58 % 58

Monday ............. . . . . . .

Tuesday ............ 58 % 58





Chicago, (Feb. 23).—May oats 56.2c

per bu; July 53.20.



Rye.——There is a great deal of buSi-

ness done in this department of the

market because of the shortage of

supplies. No. 2 spot is quoted at

$1.25 per bushel, which is 30 below

last week’s price.



Beans—Transactions are limited

and quotations higher. Detroit quota-

tions are: Immediate, prompt and

Fe ruary shipment $3.05; May $3.25.

Chi ago prices strong and unch’anged.

Stocks are small. Pea beans, hand-

picked, choice, quoted at $3.40@3.50;

common at $3.15@3.25;

choice at $3.25@3.50; at Greenville

beans are quoted at $2.75.



Clover Seed—Market is easy and

lower. Prime spot $9 per bu; March

$9; prime alsike $9.





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





FIour.-—Jobbing lots in one-eighth

paper sacks are selling on the Detroit

market per 196 lbs., as follows: Best

patent $7.90; seconds $7.50; straight

$7.40; spring patent $8.10; rye flour

$7.20 per barrel. -



Feed.—-In 100-lb. sacks, jobbing lots

are: Bran $28; standard middlings

$28; fine middlings $32; coarse corn

meal $32; corn and oat chop $29 per

ton.



Hay.——Quotations are steady. Car-

lots on track at Detroit are: New,

No. 1 timothy $16@16.50; standard

$15@15.50; No. 2, $14.50@15; No. 1

clover and mixed $13@13.50.



Chicago—Market steady and de-





 





red kidneys,





mand good. Choice timothy $17@18;

No. 1, $15@16; .No. 2, $13.50@14.

New York—Quiet. Prime $22; No.

1, $21; No. 2, $19@20.



Straw.-—-Stea‘dy.' Detroit prices are:

Rye straw $8.50'@9; wheat and oat

straw $7.50@8 per ton.



Chicago—Rye straw $7@8; oat

straw $6.50@7; wheat straw $6.50@7.





DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





Butter.—The supply is ample and

business is active at a decline of 10

per pound. Extra creamery 29c;

firsts 27c; dairy 210; packing stock

190 per pound.



Chicago—Conditions are about the

same as last week and prices remain

unchanged.’ Extra creamery 29%c;

extra firsts 28%@29c; firsts 26@27c;

seconds 24@25c; packing stock 18%c.



Elgin.~—The price for the week, bas-

ed on the majority of the sales, is

300 per pound.



Poultry.-—Offerings are light and the

trade firm. Heavy hens in demand.

Livez—Springers 15@15%c; hens 12

@15c; ducks 15@160; geese 12@13c;

turkeys 200.



Chicago—A fair demand and light

receipts keep trading firm. Turkeys

13c; fowls 11@14%c; springs 14%c;

ducks 160; geese 10@llc.



Eggs.—Quotations advanced 1c. Sup-

plies increasing but demand is good.

Fresh stock sells at 25c per dozen;

current receipts 24c.



Chicago—Heavy receipts have

weakened the market and quotations

are 10 lower. Miscellaneous lots, cas-

es included 20@23c; ordinary firsts

220; firsts 23c.



Veal.-—Quoted steady at 13%@14c

for fancy, and 12@13c for common.



Pork. Market is steady for dressed

hogs, light weights selling at $7@7.50

per cwt; heavy $6@6.50.





FRUITS AND VEETABLES.





 





 





 





Apples.—-Market is active and well

supplied. Baldwins $2.25@2.50 per

bbl; Greenings $2.75@3; Spy $2.75@

3; Steele Red $3.50@3.75; No. 2, 40@

50c per bushel.



Chicago—The market ShOWS little

improvement; stock is moving slowly.

The prices as here quoted are for

refrigerator stock. Baldwins $2.25@

2.50; Kings $2.75@3; Wageners $2.25

@250; Jonathans $3.25@3.75; Green-

ings $2.50@2.75; Northern Spy $2.50

@350; Western box apples are sell-

ing for 90c@$2.25 per box.



Potatoes.———Offerings are liberal at

lower prices. Carlots 30@33c per bu;

At Chicago the market is easier with

prices a shade lower. Michigan white,

in bulk, are quoted at 38@43c per

bushel. At Greenville potatoes are

quoted at 250.





DETROIT EASTERN MARKET.





While stormy weather held buyers

away from the market Tuesday morn-

ing, there was a large number of

farmers present, and produce was of-

fered liberally. Notwithstanding this,

prices held fairly steady. Apple val-

ues ruled from 40@90c, depending up-

on variety and quality. Potatoes 40c;

cabbage 40c; onions 800; pork 9c;

loose hay was selling around $19 per

ton.





 





 





WOOL.





This market continues strong and a

satisfactory amount of business is be-

ing done. The supply is short and the

possibility of securing foreign wools

is small. The chief difficulty lies in

getting foreign shipments to America,

boats being scarce and rates high.

Fleece wools are nearly sold out and

prices are holding firm, with quarter-

bloods at 350; No. 1 washed 31@32c,

with dealers indifferent as to selling

at these prices. None of the Boston

houses have a complete line of wools

to offer.





 





 





GRAND RAPIDS.





 





Reports from different points in the

state indicate that Wheat is being un-

loaded by farmers in large quantities

this month. An elevator at Carson

City reports receipts of 18,000 bush-

els in one week. The opening price

in Grand Rapids this week is $1.50.

Seed time is fast approaching and





dealers are quoting the following

prices: Timothy $4; alfalfa $12; a1-

sike, medium and mammoth clover





$10.50@11; sweet clover $17; Canada

field peas $2.75. Poultry is higher,

with live fowls worth 12@13c.





 





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.

Chicago.



February 22, 1915.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Receipts today..12,000 38,000 8,000

Same day 1914..22,832 42,558 32,610

Last week .....38,322 219,285 52,441

same wk 1914..52,177 149,261 124,375

Shipments from here last week were

only 7,336 cattle, 24,445 hogs and 5,280

sheep, comparing with 22,878 cattle.





55,183 hogs and 39,487 sheep the same

week last year. ,



Washington’s birthday is observed

as a holiday by the killing forces in

the stock yards territory, and no

slaughtering is going on today, but

the small receipts of cattle make a

better market for desirable offerings,

and prices are 10@20c'higher, with

prime heavy beeves at $8.70 and part

of a carload at $8.75. Hogs are 50

higher, with hogs taken at $6.25@

6.65 and prime strong-weight pigs at

$6.70. Hogs received last week aver-

aged 226 lbs. Sheep and lambs are

higher, with a carload of prime lambs

sold to a city butcher at $9 and pack-

ers paying up to $8.85.



,Cattle sold at the beginning of“ last





damage done. Roads are very had. A

great deal of land is changing hands,

mostly for winter homes.

Nebraska.



' Scotts Bluff, Feb. 12.—February be-

gan with a storm, followed by a warm

wave and all the snow has gone, and

the weather is mild. Farmers have '

plenty of hay but little grain. Corn

is being shipped in at about $1.50 per

cwt. There are not many hogs to

ship out. Sheep feeders are shipping

quite freely. Stock cattle doing fairly

well. A large sugar factory in this

county has just put in the longest run

since it was built, running night and

day. Contracts are being let for a

larger acreage than ever before. But-

ter 20c; eggs 200; butter-fat 26c; hogs





week at the lowest prices yet reached $5 50





since the first outbreak of foot-and-

mouth disease in this country, the

Monday receipts footing up 21,880

head, but later in the week the early

decline was followed by sharp ad-

vances, with much smaller supplies.

One drawback at the present time is

that everything is beef, as no stockers

and feeders can be shipped from here,

and this makes thin steers sell at ex-

tremely low prices. Last week steers

sold down to $4.90@5.90 for the poorer

lots of thin, light-weights, while the

choicer heavy steers brought $8@8.50

by Thursday, with $8.15 the Monday

top. The bulk of the steers scld dur-

ing the week at $6.25@8, with very

good lots selling early around $7.50

and a medium class going at $6.75 and

over. Butchering cows and heifers had

an outlet at $4.65@7.85, the best cows

going around $6.65, and yearling

steers of desirable quality were pur-

chased at $7.50@8.40. Cutters went

at $4.20@4.60, canners at $3@4.15 and

bulls at $4.25@6.60. Calves were dis-

posed ofat a range of $5@11, light

vealers selling briskly. The low prices

paid of late for finished beef cattle

have been a sad disappointment to

stockmen, many of whom have sold

their stock for much below first cost

as feeders. Some stockmen are wait-

ing for better markets before selling

and others are sending their holdings

to other markets less hampered than

this, but everywhere trade conditions

are seriously injured because of the

quarantines, few markets being left

open. When rallies in prices take

place, it is apt to be confined to desir-

able offerings, as was the case last

week, and no permanent betterment

of trade can be expected until the cat-

tle plague is stamped out all through

the United States. It seems advisable

for stockmen to stop marketing half

fat cattle and steers of the stocker

and feeder class.



Hogs have continued to be market-

ed With great liberality here and else-

where, last week opening with Mon-

day receipts here aggregating 53,748

head, and, naturally, prices suffered

further marked declines all along the

line, with sales at the lowest figures

recorded this year. On round num-

bers about a million more hogs have

been received in 11 markets this year

than for the corresponding period last

year, and packing operations have

shown corresponding gains, resulting

in heavy accumulations of provisions,

while an immense quantity of fresh

pork has been consumed. Blockades

are standing in the- way of exports of

hog meats and lard, and the foreign

shipments may be expected to contin-

ue limited as long as the war lasts.

With hogs selling lower thanat any

previous time since March, 1913, and

corn bringing unusually high prices,





owners of hogs are a good deal disap--





pointed, and free marketing promises

to continue. Most of the time ship-

ments of hogs from here are meager,

and local packers exercise undue influ-

ence in making prices. At the close

of the week hogs brought $6.20@6.65,

comparing with $6.55@7 a week ear-

lier, light hogs going at the top and

pigs purchased at $4.75@6.70.



Sheep and lambs continue to fluctu-

ate a good deal in prices, with trade

greatly disturbed by the absence of a

normal shipping outlet, leaving local

packers and smaller butchers in a po-

sition to hold the market down. Oc‘

casionally a‘sale is made at an excep-

tionally high price, and the other day

a bunch of 228 fancy western wethers

that averaged 120 lbs. brought $7.40

per 100 lbs., the highest price paid

since 1913. Lambs comprised the bulk

of the receipts last week, and sheep

were comparatively scarce. Most of

the receipts reaching nearby points

are being held for shearing on ac-

count of the advance in wool, but

packers threaten to make this practice

unprofitable by fixing a $1.50 discount

on sheep and lambs without the wool.

The week closed with lambs selling

at $6.50@8.75, or about the same as a

week earlier, heavy lambs fetching

$7.75@8.65. Sheep were much higher,

yearlings selling at $7@8, wethers at

$6.25@7.25, ewes at $4.50@7‘and bucks

at $4.50@5.75. .





(Continued from page 271).

light frost a few days ago, but no





 





 





 





Hastings, Mich., Feb. 23rd. 1915.





NOTICE.





TO THE MEMBERS AND POLICY HOLDERS OF

THE MI GAN MUTUAL. TORNADO. CY-

CLONE & WINDBTORM INSURANCE COMPANY,

OF HASTINGS. MICHIGAN.



Notice is hereby given that there will be a special

meeting of the members of said company held at

City Hall, in the City of Hastin 3, Michigan, on the

30th day of March. A. D. 1915, at o'clock. P. M., for

the purpose of voting upon a resolution to extend

the corporate existence of said company for a period

of thirty years from the r7th day of April A. l). .1915,

and if said corporate existence is extended. then also

for the purpose f passing upon proposed amendments

to the Art cles of Association of said com any. By

order of Board of Directors. D. W. R0 ERS, Sec.





8 E ED 0AG I SM 3.32:. ifffi’fi.



SEED POTATOES‘p583’iey ‘31" fi.‘i.i‘im..&§

Write for sum is and Prices.



COLON C. ILLIE. Coopersviile. Michigan.





Farms and Farm Lands For Sala





—0ne of the. finest in Wayne

“6 Acre Farm County, near town, on good road,

E. N. PASSAGE. Plymouth. Michigan.





 





OR A LIST of the best farm bargains in the best

county in the state. dress,

KETCHUM & MORSE, Edmore, Michigan.





For Trade, for good Southern Michigan farm land. 42

a





ores in southern New Mexico under Irrigation,and

goverment dam, mostly alfalfa. J. 0. Francis, Argos. Ind.





76





best; close to market.





ACRES—Near Lansing. Mich. Buildings, wire

fences, tile drains, clay soil, 2 a. orchardmll of the

E. Belden, Dimondale, Mich-





WAN‘I'ED—Fumished farm by month or year. Two

boys 18 and 15 all farmers. Reference

given. E. J. ROWLEY. Greenville. Michigan.

ACRIFICE. 79 acres improved Michigan Dairy farm, good

soil, buildings. well, windmill and silo. Near excellent

markets. "Owner", Myron Treinper, Birch Run, Michigan.

FINE Stock Farm, with or without equipment.

stock. crops. Near Houston. Texas. Sunny south.

S900000mp18te. Sacrifice sale Postmaster,Ensignte.’l‘exas.





—3% miles county seat 21,000. 'l‘went

ImPI’OVBd Farms cent fare Detroit. 500.000 people. 240

bu. potatoes 8‘3 bu. corn or acre. :30 to 879 per acre.

Be quick, 15. F. WINE ILLER, Pontiac, Mich.

clay loam soil. plenty of water. fair

80 Acres buildings two miles from town. young





bearing orchard and rafievines. For particulars write

or call on. B. KOE D RS. Ruth, Huron 00.. Mich. '





MICHIGAN FARMING LANDS





Near Saginaw and Bay City, in Gladwin and Midland

Counties. Low prices: Enos terms: Clear tit . Write

for maps and articulnrs. TAFFELD BRO “HERB.

15 Merrill Bu ldlng. Saginaw. (W. 8.), Michigan.

130 ACRES $5000. $2000 cash, balance on easy terms,

House 7 rooms 3 barns. good orchard,





plenty water, black sandy soil, 2 miles from town.

Write J. B. Rice 61 (‘o., for farm list. Cortland, 0. or Wurrsn,0.





 





 





BARRY COUNTY FARMS;§}2:;;:;§ $3,?

ing section in the State. We have real bar ains.

Write for list A. BENHAM & TRIM, Hastingsfiiich.





At Vassar, Michigan, 135 Acres,





Good buildings, good soil. Price $12,000. Also 125

acres at 050 or acre. Estate of Justin Wentworth,

507 Phoenix ldg., Bay City. Michigan.





WANTED~Practical Farmer to take an interest



in and charge of Riverview Ranch. Near

Mooseiaw, Saskatchewan, Canada. 1280 acres No. 1.

level prairie wheat land. I Will take Michigan real

estate for an interest. A fortune for the right parties

Martin H, Holcoinh.0wner,238 Carlton Ave. ,Grsnd Rapids,Mich





FOR SALE—80 Acre farm with house.

barn. corn cribs. orchard.

fenced with woven wire fence. team of horses. cattle.

hogs, and all the farm tools needed, 70 acres cleared.

soil good sand loam. Price 82800. payment down and

easy terms. f interested write or call on J. M,

McFARREN. Rapid City. Michigan.





Want to Sell Your Farm?





Ifa bargain and in desirable location. we are in

shape to send the buyers. some With cash or to ex-

change. We do not handle any of your money. We

charge no COMMISSION. Worthy of investigation.

Your inquirv w ull information





DETROIT skits” SERVICE ('20., Inc,





304 Hodges Bldgu Detroit, Michigan.





c Ion—On Thursday, March

FARM AT A" T 4. I915, at 12:30 o'clock.

Ifwill sell at auction my farm of 136 a. on Chicago

Turnpike, 2 miles west of Somerset Center and 3 miles

east of Moscow. in Hillsdale County, Michigan. 100

a. low land. balance (pasture. timber, and low land.

we I seeded and fence . good soil,_15 a. alfalfa. brick

house, horse barn. cow barn, two silos. tool house and

other outbuildings. Terms—’4 cash, balance on mortgage if

preferred. Reasonable deposit at time of sale. Stock and tool.





will also be sold. M. R. MORTON. Jerome, Michigan.





#MOV E TO MARY LAN

a restaurateurse

’ ' . an , . .

\.. $331...“ of lar cities of the East. Send forf

descriptive klet & mag. \

STATE BUREAU .0 IMMIGRATION,

65 Hoflman Building. Baltimore, Md.





Money-Making Farm





5 Horses, [8 Cows. Tools, Crops.

Bi . rich. productive 215-acre New York State farm.

on y 3 miles to large city, thrown on market With

complete equipment for quick sale as owner who has

made money went»: to retire to smaller p ace;

sores nearly level fields. remainder wood. large croh-

ard: 2-story ”-room house. sprin water: three bl-

bsrns poultry house, other build nu, ms 19 shade.

fine view: if taken now you get livestock, s l machin-

ery, wagons. tools. 25 acres cats. 10 acres buckwheat.

8 acres potatoes. 6 acres corn. 50 tons hay and other

crops: only $9000. easy terms: full details and traveling

directions. age 1. “Strout's Special Bargain Sheet.

co y free. . A. STROUT FARM AGENCY. Statoin

inf University Block, Syracuse, Y.
FEB. 27,“ 1915. ‘





THIS IS THE FIRST EDITION.





‘ In the first edition theDetroit Live

Stock Markets are reports of last

week; alleother markets’are right up

to date. Thursday's Detroit Live Stock

markets are given in the last edition.

The first edition is mailed Thursday,

the last edition Friday morning. The

first edition is mailed to those who

care more to get the paper early than

they do for Thursday’s Detroit Live

Stock market report. You may have

any edition desired. Subscribers may

change from one edition to another by

dropping us a card to that effects





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Thursday’s Market.

February 18, 1915.

Cattle.





Receipts 264. The embargo placed on

cattle Tuesday shut off shipments all

over the state and on Thursday there

was no fresh animals received and

nearly one thousand of last week’s

supply was still on hand unsold. Only

about 300 were sold up to noon on

Thursday and those at prices fully 750

per hundred lower than last week, or

$1.50 lower than those of two weeks

ago. Every wholesale plant in Detroit

is full of beef and very little selling,

the Lental season starting yesterday

had its effect with the consumer,

but for several weeks beef has been

selling very slow. Packers claim they

are buying in Chicago for much less

than they could get the same article

for here, and the market there has

dropped fully $2.



The trade here Thursday was very

slow and most -of the receipts here

will undoubtedly have to hold over,

the drover being unable to unload

without making a great sacrifice. Best

heavy steers $6.50@7; best handy

weight butcher steers $6@6.50; mixed

steers and heifers $5.50@6.25; handy

light butchers $5.50@6; light butchers

$5@5.50; best COWS $5@5.50; butcher

cows $4.50@4.75; common cows $4@

4.50; canners $3@4; best heavy bulls

$5@5.50; bologna bulls $4.75@5.25;

stock bulls $4.50@5.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Schuman 12

steers av 912 at $6.25, 2 cows av 880

at $5.25; to Bresnahan 5 heifers av

596 at $5.75, 2 bulls av 835 at $5; to



-Parker, W. & Co. 3 butchers av 880

at $6, 4 cows av 760 at $4.50, 14 butch-

ers av 910 at $6; to Fromm 2 cows av

1015 at $5, 2 do av 940 at $5.15, 1 do

wgh 1200 at $5.15; to Thompson Bros.

2 do av 1070 at $5, 2 do av 970 at $4;

to Rattkowsky 2 do av 885 at $4, 3 do

av 1137 at $4.50, 5 do av 948 at $4.75;

to Sullivan P. Co. 3 cows av 800 at

$4.25, 6 butchers av 1141 at $5.75, 10

do av 909 at $5.25; to Fromm 2 bulls

av 1350 at $5.50; to Mason B. Co. 10

steers av 805 at $6.10; to Rattkowsky

8 cows av 980 at $4.50, 7 do av 1040 at

$4.75; to Newton B. Co. 1 do wgh 940

at $4.25, 6 do av 1093 at $5.



1 Reason & S. sold Rattkowsky 3

cows av 1073 at $5; to Parker, W. &

Co. 3 do av 860 at $4, 8 steers av 1096

at $6.25; to Mich. B. Co. 1 bull wgh

1800 at $6, 1 cow wgh 1220 at $4.50,

1 steer wgh 1100 at $6.



Roe Com. Co. sold Mason B. Co. 3

butchers av 900 at $6, 7 cows av 1086

at $5, 14 butchers av 823 at $5.35; to

Thompson Bros.-4 cows av 1037 at $5,

10 steers av 899 at $6.15, 1 do wgh

900 at $6, 4 cows av 1007 at $4.90, 4

steers av 910 at $6.40, 9 do av 1075 at

$6.75, .1 do wgh 700 at $6; to Sullivan

P. Go. 14’ canners av 913 at $4.25, 4

bulls av 1250 at $5.25; to Kamman B.

Co. 9 steers av 924 at $6.50; to Ratner

1 do wgh 1080 at $4.25, 3 do av 890

at $5.



Sandal, S., B. & G. sold Kull 3 cows

av 933 at $5.25, 11 steers av 770 at

$6.25, 3 cows av 1153 at $5.50, 7 steers

av 896 at $6.25, 2 cows av 950 at $5;

to Kamman B. Co. 13 steers av 1070

at $6; to Sullivan P. Co. 7 canners av

630 at $4, 4 cows aV 1127 at $4.25, 1

do wgh 1050 at $4.25; to Kamman B.

Co. 5 do av 954 at $4.50, 1 steer wgh

690 at $5.50; to Newton B. Co. 5 do

av 1076 at $6.35, 5 cows av 1000 at

$4.50; to Bresnahan 4 butchers av 585

at $5; to Sullivan P. Co. 1 cow wgh

1170 at $5, 2 do av 1040 at $4, 1 steer

wgh 850 at $6.50; to Goose 4 canners

av 925 at $3.75, 3 cows av 1010 at

$4.65, 1 bull wgh 1130 at $5.50.



Veal Calves.



Receipts 463. The veal calf trade

for the best grades was strong at last

week’s prices, selling at from $10@

10.50, with a few choice at $11; com-

mon stuff was, however, very dull at

from $7@9. _



Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 2

av 160 at $8, 7 av 150 at $10, 3 av 130

at $10, 3 av 165 at $8.2 av 160 at $10,

6 av 150 at $10; to Rattkowsky‘ 8 av

190 at $7.



. Sandal, S., B. & G. sold Thompson

Bros. 71 av 180 at $11; to Newton B.

00.4 av 155 at $11, 9 av 150 at $10.25;

to Nagle P. Co. 3 av 165 at $10, 5 av

160.at $8.50, 1 wgh 130 at $9.50.

< Sheeoand Lambs. -

. Receipts 3249. The sheep and lamb





 





 





 





trade opened up strong with all grades





selling 250 higher than last week, but





 





TH'E' ‘MI’CH’IGA’N‘FARMER





the close was hardly so good on lambs

although sheep sold fully as high, the

tops on Thursday being $8.40. The

quality was common as a rule. Best

lambs $8.25@8.40; fair lambs $7.50@

8; light to common lambs $6.50@7.25;

fair to good sheep $5.50@6; culls and

common $4@4.25.



Sandal, S., B. & G. sold Thompson

Bros. 3 lambs av 68 at $7, 18 do av 80

at $8.15, 2 sheep av 80 at $5.50, 43

lambs av 50 at $6.75; to Nagle P. Co.

12 do av 70 at $8, 5 do av 80 at $7.25,

1 bull wgh 160 at $4.50.



Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Go.

102 lambs av 80 at" $8, 13 do av 75

at $7.50.



Reason & S. sold Sullivan P. Co.

61 lambs av 75 at $8.25, 34 sheep av

115 at $5.75, 5 do av 117 at $4.50; to

Thompson Bros. 17 do av 115 at $5.85;

to Sullivan P. Go. 75 lambs av 80 at

$8.25; to Thompson Bros. 27 lambs av

65 at $7, 39 sheep av 125 at $5.85.





Hogs.



Receipts 6588. The hog trade was

dull at a decline of fully 300 from

Monday's prices and none sold up to

time of going to press. Wednesday

good grades brought $6.70 and it looks

like $6.65@6.70 today.





Friday’s Market.

February 20 ,1915.

Cattle.



Market very dull; 450 still left un-

sold. Best heavy steers

best handy weight butcher steers $6

@650; mixed steers and heifers $5.50

@625; handy light butchers $5.50@6;

light butchers $5@5.50; best cows $5

@550; butcher cows $4.50@4.75; com-

mon cows $4@4.50; canners $3@4;

best heavy bulls $5@5.50; bologna

bulls $4.75@5.25; stock bulls $4.50@5.



Veal Calves.



Market dull. Best $10@10.50; oth-

ers $7@9.50.



Sheep and La'mbs.



Market steady. Best lambs $8.25@

8.50; fair do $7.50@8; light to com-

mon lambs $6.50@7.25; fair to good

sheer; $5.50@6; culls and common $4

@4.2 .





Hogs

All grades $6.60.





 





The breaking out of foot-and-mouth

disease around Wichita, Kansas, put a

stop to the previously large shipment

of thin stock steers to points in Kain

sas, Nebraska and Oklahoma for sum-

mer grazing. _





 





 





 





_ - ' — fr - h /

I A ,. \\\®§

“ e

{I m ‘ million"IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIQ

.5:





:EPUT STRENGTH INTO:-





EYOUR WORK HORSES





Health and “ginger” are just as

essential to good work on the part

of your horses as they are to the

man who drives them.



Mix in with your horse-feed the

new food that scientists have proved

.o be a genuine strength builder,

Ohio and health insurance—





BUCKEYE

? FEEDING

‘ MOLASSES





Cow. sheep and hogs thrive on it. Keeps

ows healthy and makes more milk. Adds

eight to sheep, makes finer wool and more

fit. Makes every hog a big hog- no runts. -._

romotes profits in pork.





15 tools a Gallon in bbl. Iois,





F. O. B. Detroit, or 17 cents a gallon In bbl. Iota

freight paid to any point to the United Staten.





OUR F_REE TRIAL OFFER:

Send this coupon today and get on

test proposition.





W. ll. EDGAR & SM“.





242 Lafayette Blvd.. :-: Detroit, Mich.

- — — — - — _

w. H. EDGAR 0 so".





242 Lafayette Blvd.. Detroit. Mich _

I have ..................... head of cattle ................ —





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





IIII

ll





|IIIIIIIIIIIIiIiIIIEIIIIIIIiIIIIIIIII IIII





I

I





illil





Hi





lIIlIIiIiIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII





IIIIIHI





IIIIIIIIIII





 





 





 





IiIIIIIIIIIIEIIEIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIH!





   

 

 

 

 





I





IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|I|IIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII





sheep .................. hogs and"... ............. horses .





§Send me your trial proposition toprove

E that Buckeye Feeding Molasses will benefit

gall of them.



2 P. 0............... .................State ........................ E

31ml"|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII E





.....R. F. D...........





”II





$6.50@7:'





. Ship your Hay in Plttsburgh and to



H Av Ilaniol MoCaIIrey Son: Company

Pittsburgh. Pa.



Ref —-nnv bank or Mercantile Agency.





 





 

 





 





25——273





 





‘79





I» .

I--





What “Digability” Means





“Digability” in a farm drainage excavator means

~ plenty of power to meet the most exacting demands





for which the machine is

cleaning excavating wheel





built, to operate the self-

in sticky and gumbo soils





as well as in soils favorable for machine work—to cut





a clean, smooth trench at





high speed, economically





and of proper grade. “Digability” is what you get in





 





Farm Drainage

Excavator





The P & H does not get stuck or choked up—does not stall

in heavy soil or rough going—because it has surplus power—





a power reserve that drives it

P & H Corduroy Grip traction





through the hard spots. The

distributes the weight over so





large a bearing surface that the machine can travel and do its

work on ground too soft for horses to work on. The all-steel





excavating wheel is under the operator’s perfect control.





For





strength, power, simplicity of construction and excellence of

materials and mechanical design, the P & H is unequalled.





Investigate the P & H. Write now for Farm Drainage Bulletin

M containing illustrations and full information.





PAWLING 8: HARNISCHFEGER CO.





MILWAUKEE





WISCONSIN





 





Make More Money





with Poultry





C’ifié'fizifii'é" $103,:l





World-famous Cyphers skill and care in in-

cubator building can now be had at popular

places. Your chmce of 3 styles of machines«8isizes—

all backed by Cyphers Co. guarantee. We sch‘ every-





 





thing for practical





 





oultry





. 4-9 -'

raisers. Write for 19 5 offer “WI

and new ZOO-pa e catalogue, p. . 7



The. Profits in Poultry '

Keeping." I.

Cypher: Incubator Co.

009*- 35 Buffalo, N. v. '

Boston. lew‘lori. Meow, Dallas.

M City. Oakland 3 551.,





 





 





 





 





 





FARMER¢—We will pay you the highest

‘2 official Detroit Market quot‘j‘itintn



for your eggs shipped direct to us buy express. ‘ri 9

us for information. It will pay you. AMERICAN

BUTTER 8c CHEESE C0., Detroit, Michigan.

POTATOES—HA Conslgn to THE E.

L. RICHMOND CO.





Detroit. 21 Years in business. Reference your Banker





POULTRY.





BARRED PLYMOUTH nosoys





"Hoosier Strain." Established in

Winner of 11 first. prizes at Chicago, Cincinnati and

Indianapolis in two years. 300 fine Cookerels. some

good cook birds. hens and pullets In any number. All

stock shipped subject to approval. Prices reasonable.

Write your wants. G. Earl Hoover. R.7. Matthews.Ind.





BABY CHICKS—From our heavy laying S. C.

W. Leghorns. Order now for



future delivery. March 815 per 100: April 812; May



and June SID. Custom hatching 21/40. In lots of



400 eggs. 3c apiece. Satisfaction guaranteed.



H. D. BRACKNEY & SON. Clayton. MIchIzan.





OXRURS’I‘ STRAIN S. 0. BLACK ORPINGTON

(lookerels and Pullets for sale. Eggs in season.

J. H. MILLER. 2133 4th Ave.. Bay City, Mich.





bite Wyandotte (Manuals-$1.25 1:053, norebetter.

P133316 for $1. Extra Mule Foot Hours 320. Seed

Oats. FRANK BARTLETT, Dsyden, Michigan.





' ' —-Prize-winnlmz variety. very white.

“III“ nook 0k I: 32 and $2 50. E228 in season. Order

early. Mrs. Florence Howard, Petersburg. Mich.





IIOIILTOII IBEB POULTRY—{$32 55953313335





Cookerels at 82. S3 and 85: from prize winning stock,

D. F. VALENTINE, Sup't.. Temperance. Michigan.





' from prize-winning Barred and

Egg: I“ "am“: White Rooks. Winners at Battle

Creek, Three Rivers. Union City and Mlchfltato Fair.

Riverview Poultry Farm. Box 7%. Union City. Mich.





FOR SALE —-Roee Comb Brown Leghorn



_ from the lending strains in

Ameriomaloo Mammoth Pekin Ducks. Stock and eggs

in season. CLAUDIA BETTE. Hill-dale. Michigan.





——More Money if you





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Baby (hix $10 per 100. Brown and White chliorns, Barred

Rocks. Buff Ornngtons. “hito \Vwmrlnltes, also Eggs.

RIVER RAISIN POULTRY FARM, Dundee, Mich.





—P k.200- t ‘ . Al 200-



B‘RHED HOOKS shillingsiiiglzgaiilnllilve’hitesfieghogigig

81.50 per setting. Fred Astlina, Constantine. Mich.

MAMMOTH WHITE HOLLAND TURKEIS’¥§§.Z fii

Tries 812. H. 0. BAILEY. R. R. 5. Montague, Mich.



IldIl'deE,‘l 7,

II. o. & s. c. .2253...“ a... s. as. toms};

“Satisfy customers". Jennie Puell. Ann Arbor. Mich.





 





 





BIG Beautiful, hen hatched. farm raised Ringlet

Barred Rock Ck'ls. and females 8‘2 to $5:each. A

hen. 5 females and male 510. Sold on u. proval.

Circulars. JOHN NORTHUN. Clare, Mich.





B‘RBED nocKs—Pullets and Cookerels. $2 and $3

each. Eggs for halt-hing and baby



Chicks. W. C. Cofl'man. R No.6. Benton Harbor.Mich.

“rial“ Barred Rock Conkerels. Birds of quality.





irty years the standard. 33 a-pieoe $5 for two.

PLAINVIEVV STUCK FARM. Romeo, Michigan.





8. o. W. leghorn Cookerols‘il‘y'ii333$}?553K

ALFADALE FARM, R. No. 8, St. Johns. Mich.

WHITE WYANDOTTE COCKERELS.

EGG-A-I)AY POULTRY RANCH. Marshall. Mich.

65 Breeds—Chickens, ducks. geese. turkeys. gulnens,





hares and dogs. Stock and eggs reasonable.

60~page catalog free II. A. SOUDER. Box 5:3. Sellersville. Pa.





 





 





chicks. We ship thousands. diITerent Varieties, prices

. right. order now for spring delivery. free

booklet. reeport Hatchery. Box 12. Freeport, Mich.





_. h, . ’.

IIIIIEI] HOOK COCKEIIELS is”??? :33 5.3%.};

Winners for 10 years. J. A. Barnum. Union City,Mich.





SILVER. LACED GOLDEN and WHITE “'YANDOTTES-A fine

lot of White cockcrels weighing 6 to 8 lbs. at $2 and $3

each. Portland.





Browning's Wyandotte Farm. Michigan.





PIIIE (”TEST WHITE IIIII’I"HIGHS—1232333333335?





millets. hens. several ens, priced for quick sale.

RS. WILLIS TTOIT 1H. Royal Oak. Michigan.





——Lnrge farm raised

BIBIIED IIIII WHITE BOOKS “mm. Cockmh.

83 two for 85. Bred for beauty and business. rder

from this ad. Eggs In season. RIVERVIEW

FARM. Box 798. Union City. Michigan.





' —Farin raised. heavy I _'i

s- cc While Leghoms strain. Bnhy chicks $10 pgrilgif

eggs 3.4 per 100. Also White Pekin Ducks, eggs and

ducklings. Sunnybrook Poultry Farm.Hillsdale,Mlch.





 





white Wyandotte Cockerels, from thoroughbred

stock and heavy layers. 82.50 and 53.50 each.

A. Franklin Smith, R. F. D. No. 9, Ann Arbor, Mich.





hite P. Rocks. Pekin and white runner ducks,





White ominous. eggs and day old ducks d h‘ k .

H. V. HOSTETLER. St. Johns. Migh‘iggnlf: a





While loghorns Day-OId-chioks. $3‘:3,‘,‘:.’,.§;:°.‘L‘&§1

t LE CITY





 





fan ion to all our customers. MAP

POULTRY PLANT. Box C. Charlotte. Michigan.

DOGS.





 





' ' ' -—30 F

Tmnodllunmng Fox Hounds pupé’,‘ $33.93.?“ ”3333

stamp. W. E. LECKY. Holmesvllle. Ohio.





FOX, COON AND RABBIT HOUNDS





Broke to gun and field. Prices right. Fox and

Coon hound pups $5 each. Stump for reply.

H. C. LYTLE. Frederickeburg. Ohio.





—sco'rcn COLLIn PUPPIES. pure

FBISSIC brad. Sable and White. no with pedi-





 





area. W. AUSTIN EWALT, Mt. Clemens. Michigan.
274—26

SAVE 50 per cent.





ON TREES





Buy direct from our Nurseries and get best. reli-

able. hardy nursery stock at a saving of fully one

half. Write today for free copy of 1915 catalogue





CELERY CITY NURSERIES,

Box 112, Kalamazoo, Michigan.





CARMAN PEACH TREES





The Hardiest and Best Peach of its season. 20

first-class trees of this Variety by EXPRESS

PREPAID for $2. Satisfaction Guaranteed. Your

money back if not pleased. Write at once for our

Price List on full line of high-grade Nursery

Stock. Varieties true. No agents.





NEW HAVEN NURSERIES

Box 57, New Haven, - - Missouri





LIME





Pulverized lime rock [for “sour" soils. Write for

LOW PRICES DlBECT TO YOU and we will send sam-

ple and full particulars. Write to office nearest you





LAKE SHORE STONE CO.,

Muskegon, Mich, and Benton Harbor, Mich.





LIMESTONE





For General Farm Use.

Finely pulverized. made from highest high 'calcium

stone. Quick shipments in closed cars. Let us send

sample and price.





Northern Lime (:0.. Petoakey, Mich.





—You should get the highest grade

of limestone manufactured. Buy

it upon the basis of analysis. We

manufacture the highest grade pul-





verized limestone sold in ichigan.





 





 





 





Let us prove i for sample and analysis.





t. As

CAMPBELL STONE 00.. Indian Rlvor, Mloh.





PULVERIZED LIMESTONE





For HIGH GRADE MATERIAL and PROMPT





 





THE' MICHIGAN FARMER”





Planet J r:





Seederzflarrow





Planet Jr tools are the greatest

time-, labor-, and money-savers

ever invented for the farm and gar-

den. They pay for themselves in'

a single season in bigger better

. crops, and last a lifetime.

\ Fully guaranteed.

. ‘ No. 25 Planet .Ir Com-

bined Hill and Drill

Seeder, Double



- eel Hoe.

\ Cultivator





\





at”





   





   

   

   

     

     

 

 

 

 





 

   

   

 





   





       





 

 

 





 

 





.8» “3;?

.. 3 ‘ <.’f’;‘f,._\\.“,’h.?"

‘E' E a" ‘5



A splendid combi-

nation for the family



srden. onion grower. or large gardener.



s aperfect seeder, and combined double

and single wheel-hoe. Unbreakable steel

frame. Capacity—

' 2 acres a day.





Planet Jr ‘lZ-tooth

Harrow Cultiva-

tor, amt!"





   





 





   

 

 





     





 

   

   

 

 





   

   

 





 





Pulverize!





 

 

   





   

 





 





v -. , _ _, .. . —-— .

Stronger, steadier in action. and culti-

vates more thoroughly than any other har-

row made. Non-clogging steel wheel.

Invaluable to the market-gardener. truck-

er, tobacco or small-fruit grower.





72-page Catalog (168 illustrations) free





Describes 55 tools including Seeders, Wheel Hoes,

Horse Hoes, Harrows. Orcliard- and Beet-Cultivators.





Write postal for it.

‘ . s l. ALLEN & C0 Box 11073! Phila Pa





   

   

   

   

 

     

 





 





 





SERVICE place your orders with

D. O. MARKLEY,

862 Division Ave. South. Grand Rapids. Mich.





 





LILLIE’S SPECIAL BRANDS





BUFFALO FERTILIZER





Made from best material. Always reliable.

Lime. Potash. Acid Phosphate, Nitrate oi’ Soda.





Agents wanted in unoccupied territory. Ship di-

rect to farmers in carlots. Fertilizer questions

answered and farm soil surveys made on request.





Colon C. Lillie, Sales Agi.. Coopersville. Mich.





SURE C' 'RE FOR

SPORIC‘DE in oats. Guaranteed. 8 U

Simple to treat. Sent

direct on trial where we have no agents. Free Booklet.





Wat. Sporicide Chemical 00.3%???“





PURE FIELD SEEDS





Clover. Timothy. Alsike. Alfalfa and all kinds of

Pure Field Seeds direct from producer to consumer.

Free from noxious weeds. K FUR SAMPLES,

A. C. HOYT & CO., Box M. Fostoria, Ohio.





Our Trees and Vines Grow“.‘f¥§°’2fii‘fi§§‘°°§g

Apple. Pea-ch. Pear. Plums. Vines. etc. Cats as free.

W. A. ALLEN &SONS. Geneva, 0.





STRAWBERRY PLANTS.

Seed Potatoes. Seed Corn. Catalog Free.

FLANSBURGH 8: POTTER

Box 360, Leslie, Mich.





Strawberry Plants





Guaranteed as good as grows at $1.00 per

1000 and up. Catalogue FREE.

ALLEN BROTHERSJL9. Paw Panllcll.





 





 





 





 





 





IIEW STRAWBERRIE “Tm“

FREE to all

Reliable, interesting and instructive—Allabout the New





Everbearers and other important varieties.‘ ‘Addresa

c. N. FLANSBURGH & SON. JACKSON. MICH-





. E .— d .

SWE E T [Trialliyyelltigiélllgfiégg‘n dfiliztiiilgéfgn

c LOVE R ggueftéf). Falmouth. Kentucky:





SWEET CLOVER SEED Till!





YOUNCnRANDOLFH SEED 00., Owosso, Michigan,





 





—Wholesale price to you to



Garden seeds per oz. for vegetable seeds.

etc. Write for Catalog to-



day. ALLEN‘S SEED HOUSE. Dsk. M. Geneva, Ohio

' Write at once. Secure ' valuable information

FIIIII BOOI: curly. (lives all best vai'ictiesuuiple. Peach, l‘cnr,

FREE- Plum. Cherry. Quince. cvcu Berries. Roses. Orna-

mentals. Sold direct lrom Nursery. Highest quality. healthy.

hardy. guaranteed true to name. ()rdcr now—payin spring.

Special prices on your list freight paid. Denton. Williams &

Benton. Wholesale Nurseries. lil Elm St. Danswlle. N. Y.



Choice





Northern Grown SEED POTATOES





CATALOGUE SENT ON REQUEST





NORTHERN SEED COMPANY

Box 26 :-: :-: Grand Rapids. Michigan.

Seed Oats. Siberian. Imp. American, Swedish select





<t 60-day. Big yielders. Also Glover and Timothy seed.

Write for samples and price. R. 0. Evans. R. l.V " . O.





Trees—Roscs—Vincs





in small or large lots at wholesale,

prices. Catalog and Green’s Fruit

w Book—FREE. .Greon'l Nurse 00. .

29 Wall St. Rochester. N. .





wuoi. SALE PRICES





Pl M ny other varieties and V on root;

I :t‘iogomb e Edgy.“ gamma (REL-grits to iay to I





 





 

 





 

 

 





Healthy

Trees





 

 





when you spray with





“LSCALECIDE”





--the spray that’s endorsed the country over

as “The one great dormant spray." Mixed l

to 15, it kills every scale it reaches or you get

your money back. Guarantee with every pack-

age. It's easily prepared. non-corrosxve and

non-clogging. lbbl. equals 3bbls. lime sul-

phur. Destroys eggs, larvae and fungi in

dormant state. Simple. safe, economical.

Send for free booklet. “Scalecide. the Tree

Saver." Write today. to Dept. 22

B. G. PRATT CO.

‘ 50 Church St, New York City





< '4





   

   

 

 





 





 

 

 





 

 

   

   

   

 





   

 





 





EVERGREENS~





_ 38 Hardy Tested Varieties





Best _for windbreaks and hedges. Protect

huudixggs crops and stock. Added warmth .

saves uel—saves feed. Hill’s evergreens 7 .

_are hardy nursery grown. Get Hill’s free * ,

illustrated Ever een Book and listot’ 50 "



GreatBargainO ere—from $4.50per thousand up. Fifty~l





 





six years experience. World’s largest growers. Write

I). Hill Nursery 00., Evergreen Specialists





2300 Cedar St... Dundee, Ill.





 





 





 





“a?" Thofamous Everbcarin varietyuflas

u long fruiting season am large, highly ~.



) ,, flavored ben- . Had my friends try a few



,7. last season. under. ul results. Want



. you some. Specml price. also free

offer whereby I give my new customers ~



someof these plants free. Write for prop-



osition and handsome colored catalog filled



with new and standard varieties of garden



and flower seeds, etc. ddreas.

Sta. Waterloo Iowa





SEED CORN





Highest yielding varieties. We welcome comparative tests

bctwccn ours and others. Wing's Improved Whitewp has

never been beaten in our fields. Wing's mo-day Yellow is

earlier and was good enough to win the State Corn Contest

in one-acre plots in 1912. Yield 139 bushels, 17 lbs. Our

('laragc is maturing for us in about 100 days and yielding

practicallythe same as later varieties. All our corn is cure

on patent wire hangers which insures practically perfect

germination. For many years our com has been bred from

car-row test plots. Write ior catalog and prices.





WING SEED 00., BOX 442 MECHANIOSBURO, O.





 





 





 





 





 





PEDIGREED OATS





Worthy, Alexander, and other varieties. Bred

and tested by the Agricultural College. Best

of hundreds of varieties tested. Grown in

Michigan and adapted to Michigan conditions.



Also improved varieties of Barley. Corn. Soy

Beans and other crops. Michigan Grown

Sweet Clover Seed. Write to



SECRETéRY MICHIGAN EXP'T'ASS'N.



ast Lansing. Michigan.





 





*‘Slrawberry Plants ThiiIlrow”





All the best June and Fall-bearing varieties. Also



best Raspberry. Blackberry. (urrnnt and Grape



Plants: As aragus _and Rhubarb Roots in assortment.

Our 1915 atalog tells how you can get plants of our



Wonderful New Seedling Strawberry. "Collins"



absolutely FREE. Write for it. ' '



C. E. Whitten's Nurseries. Box 14. Bridgman.Mich.





STRAWBERRY PLANTS—ES V’fifii‘.“.?..‘.‘.‘ii§





r

catalog free. MAYERS PLANT NURS RY,MerriIl,Mich.





 





Peach.‘Apple. Pear. Cherry, Plum. Grape Vines,

small fruit plants. ornamental trees and shrubs.

and roses. Vigorous hardy stock from the famous

Lake Shore region of northern Ohio. Send for

ca





tal .

'1'. .8 “user, MAPLE BEND NURSE vf’gmck Box 109, PERRY, OHIO.





 





HE farmer is generally consider-

ed a poor book-keeper. Very of-

ten he does not know whether



the year’s results are on the debit or

credit sides of the ledger. The chief

reason for his -being a poor account

keeper is because, as yet, no simple

system of book-keeping for the' farm

has been devised, and it is, therefore,

hard to properly apportion the re-

ceipts and expenditures.

count it is hard to get information re-

garding the cost of production in the

apple orchard, but when such figures

are available they are always interest

ing, as they give some light on a sub-

ject of which little is known.



It is generally considered that the

years of the get-rich-quick profits from

apple orchards are a thing of the past.

With the decrease in the profits one

becomes more interested in less ex-

travagant methods of production and

endeavors to get the greatest results

from the least expenditure of money.

Therefore, the interest in the cost of

production.



Cost Figures of Two Orchards.



During the writer’s experience in

renting orchards he kept careful ac-

count of his receipts and expenditures

and from them he has figured the cost

of some of the various orchard oper-

ators. These are supplemented by

figures he has been able to obtain





 





 





from other sources.



Accounts were kept of two or-

chards, A and B, for two years. Or-

chard A consisted of 117 trees about

50 years old, and with the tops “way

up in the air.” Orchard B was about

35 years old and consisted of 400 trees

in quite good condition.



Cost of Pruning.



The cost of pruning, of course, var-

ies with the amount done. In the or-

chards mentioned the amount done

was not more than ihe average or-

chardist should do. In orchard A the

average cost of pruning was 211/2

cents per tree. The first year it was

27 cents and the second 16 cents. The

high cost the first year was due to the

neglect of pruning in the past. In or-

chard B the average cost was a little

less than 12 cents per tree, the first

year the cost being a little over 11

cents, while during the second year it

was 121/2 cents. Snow on the ground

and cold weather were accountable for

the higher cost the second year as not

as much pruning was done then as

the first year. In Iowa it was found

that the cost of pruning varied from

three to 20 cents per tree, the aver-

age cost there for hearing orchards

of about 30 years of age, being 10

cents per tree. .



It is interesting to figure the cost

per barrel of each orchard operation

as one can then find what the total cost

of producing a barrel of apples con-

sists of. In orchard A the. first year

the pruning cost 351/2 cents per barrel,

while the next year it was only eight

cents. During the first year only 89

barrels were taken from the 117 trees

while the next year the crop amounted

to 231 barrels, which accounts for the

great difference in the figures. In or-

chard B the pruning costs per barrel

were 11 and seven cents for'the two

years.





 





Cultivation Costs.



In the rented orchards no cultiva-

tion was done, but figuring a, cost one

can well allow $2.50 per acre for plow-

ing and $2.50 for cultivation. The

seed for cover crop would average

about $1 per acre, making the cost of

cultivation and cover crops about $6

per acre. In the Auchter orchard in

New ‘York the cost of cultivation. is

placed at $3.92 per acre, and the cost

of sod mulch 75 cents per acre for

clipping the grass. In the Ballard sod

mulch orchard in Berrien county the

cost is figured as follows: Clipping,

75 cents; straw, $10; credit fertilizing

value of straw, $7.20, making the final

cost of straw $2.80.; Total cost, $3.55.





 





 





On this ac-,





FEB. 27. 1915.





The Apple Orchard Costs.





 





In New York, in another instance, til-

lage costs 54 per cent more than sod

mulch.



There is no doubt about the econ-

omy of the sod mulch or sod and ma-

nure methods. As to Whether it is ad-

visable to use them in the orchard is a

thing for each man to decide for him-

self; a great deal depends upon the

local conditions. ,In no case wuold

the cost per tree or per barrel be

great, and the detremination should

be made upon the probable results,

rather than the cost of the operation.

There is, however, a slowly growing

tendency toward the sod and mulch-

ing methods.



Spraying the Essential Orchard

Operation.



We can have our differences of re-

garding pruning and cultivating, and

have results to substantiate our views

regarding them, but on spraying we

must all agree, if we are progressive

fruit growers. The results of spraying

and non-spraying admit of no dispute.

We may have a difference of opinion

regarding the number of times it is

advisable and profitable to spray. In

considering this some idea of the cost

of spraying is very helpful.



The cost per tree during the first

year in orchard A was 241/; cents, with

12 cents for labor and 12% cents for

material. The second year the cost

was 40% cents, 17 cents being for

labor and 231/2 cents for material. In

orchard B the cost was 19 cents for

the first year and 36% cents for the

second. Nine cents went for labor the

first year and 18 cents the second

year. The reason for the costs being

so much larger the second year in

both orchards than the first is be-

cause the crops in both orchards were

larger. The first year many of the

trees had no fruit and therefore

were not sprayed at the later spray-

ings. The costs of the second year

would, therefore, indicate a better av-

erage per tree than those of the first.

These figures would indicate that one

could safely figure the cost per tree

per application on trees 30 years old

or over, at about 10 cents. The cost

of the material was in all cases a. lit-

tle more than the labor cost. In the

spraying of a younger orchard the la-

bor cost is likely to be higher than

that of the material because more

driving, etc., is necessary for the

amount of material applied. In a 14-

yearold orchard sprayed last year the

total cost was 121/2 cents per tree,

with labor at 71/2 cents and material

at five cents. The total spraying cost

per barrel ranged from 19%; cents to

31 cents, the differences being mainly

due to the size of the crop.



Good Results from Thorough Spray-

mg.





\Vhether one should do morevthan’





40 cents worth of spraying to a tree

depends upon the thoroughness of the

man and the productiveness of the or-

chard. _If one is very thorough and

gets the applications on at the proper

time he may get such results that a.

large share of the crop is No. 1 grade.

The larger the percentage of No. 1’s

the greater the profit and the less the

cost per barrel. In most cases where

the orchard has been brought up to a

good annual state of productiveness

additional sprayings will do much to-

ward increasing the amount of No. 1

apples.



The advisability of adding to the

number of applications of spray is

well indicated in the results obtained

by Mr. Frank Howard, of Berrieu

county. Mr. Howard sprays eight

times and the results obtained. by this

practice arewell indicated in. the, good

crops he gets. From hisvold orchard





of 40 trees he received in 1911732





barrels, which netted him $1,830. This

makes an: average of" 18 barrels 'per

tree, .with the returns amounting to

$45.75 per tree. In 1912 his crop of





250 barrels averaged ,six barrels, and





 





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mM'fiduhpu. I. I. Enumr‘ifins. 00.111. 111.11,





$3.50 to $4.50,





THEO‘MIC‘HIGAN FARMER

$3.50.

left after they got back to the farm to





$12.50 per tree, and in 1913 he got

12% barrels per tree at $33. 3333,. Mr.

Howard has not had a crop failuie in

years. When one can get such returns

the additional cost of 10 or 20 cents,

or even 50 or 75 cents per tree 1‘01

spraying is nothing. There are un-

doubtedly many orchards as produc-

tive as Mr. Howard’s but the percent-

age of elder stock'is so great that the

number of barrels packed averages

only three or four per tree.

The Rental Cost Per Barrel.



It has been considered in the past

that the orchard renting proposition

was a means of getting rich quick.

Many renters, however, have found it

otherwise. It is interesting to know

what proportion of the cost per bar‘

rel the rent amounts to. A common

price per tree is 50 cents. At this

price orchards A and B were rented.

In orchard A the proportion of the

rent charged to each barrel during the

first year was 70 cents. This high

rent charge was due to the small crop

of 89 barrels from the 117 trees. In

1912 the amount was only 28 cents per

barrel.‘ In orchard B the rent charge

per barrel was 47 and 30 cents. If

the rent cost per barrel can be held

down to 25 or 30 cents it is a fair

proposition, but if it gets above that

the margin of profit is likely to be too

small to make renting worth while.



The Average Harvesting Expenses.



The cost of harvesting is one that

can be increased or decreased by the

management given during.r the harvest-

ing time. Due to management the

cost may vary from 25 to 65 cents for

the picking and packing. In the har-

vesting of the crop in orchards A and

B care was taken to make the bar-

vesting economical and efficient.

Therefore the costs would present :1

fair average for the ordinary orchard.

In orchard A 35% cents was the cost

of picking and packing a barrel the

first year and during the second year

it was 32%; cents, the higher cost the

first year being due to the small crop.

In orchard B the picking and packing

costs were 33 and 28 cents respective

ly. The cost in orchard A was higher

than in B on account of the difficulty

in picking the high trees and the num-

ber of varieties to be picked. In Iowa

the picking cost is estimated at six

cents per bushel and the packing 16

to 25 cents per barrel. This would in-

dicate that the costs of picking and

packing would be about equal.



The total cost of producing a bar.

rel of apples, including rent, in or-

chards A and B ranged from $1.29 to

$2.12. Both of these costs were ob-

tained in orchard A, the higher price

being that of the first year when a

small crop was obtained. That year

there was a loss in that orchard as

the apples only netted $1.33 on ac-

count of being quite scaly. The costs

in orchard B were $1.67 and $1359.;

per barrel. A prominent grower of

New York figures the cost of picking

and packing his apples at about $1 to

$1.25. This figure, of course, does not

include rent, and while rather low.

present a good average where the

work is well systematized.



Distance from Market a Factor in the





Cost of Production.



One rarely figures the distance to

the market place, or the loading sta-

tion, as a factor in the cost of produc-

tion. It is, however, quite a factor

and in buying a fruit farm it should

be given serious consideration because





the hauling cost will be a fixed charge.





on each barrel of apples for every

year unless by the use of auto trucks

one can lessen this cost some. In

Iowa the cost of hauling is figured at

2.2 cents per mile. This seems avcry

fair figure. If one lives eight miles

from the loading station there will be

a fixed charge of over 17 cents per

barrel on his apples. With that dis-

tance to travel one could only take

about one load per day and with 20

barrels on a. load at the above mile

rate the allowance for the man and

team fer the day would be a little over





 





Of course, there would be time





do other things. Orchards A and B

were less than three- -quarters of amile '

from the shipping point and the ac

tual hauling cost was a little over one

cent per bar rel.



AgricultuIe will become more sys i

tematized, more businesslike, in thel

future. Apple growing, on account of

the profits made in the past, could

afford to be done in a careless way,

but because of these plofits many or

chaids have been planted and in thel

near future the quantity produced will i

be greatly increased. It will be 211

case of the survival of the fittest1

Michigan has every natural advantage

to make OIChaldS fit to survive. Alli

we need is intelligent business man-

agemcnt which means the 01 eating of

better ma1keting oppmtunities and

the study of the cost of production so





1





that the best rsc ults can be had withi





the greatest cc onomy of cost.



As them is very little available in-

formation on this subject, the Michi-i

can Larmcr would be glad to get the'

experiences of those who have kept:

cost accounts of their orchards.—'—Eds.





TROUBLE DEPARTMENT.





 





Winter Pruning Injury.





What time do you advise for trim-

ming an apple orchard? An expert

from M. A. 0., when lecturing here

three years ago, told me to go home

and get right at it, and I didb so next

day. The trees were 20 years old, and

last summer I cut down ten ’dead!

trees that were worth $150. I lay itl

to the trinnning.





I





Would you advise‘

dynamiting the stumps out and set-

ting young trees in their places?



Sanilac Co. J. R. S.



While winter is not, from a theo-

retical standpoint, the ideal time for

pruning, most all fruit growers prac-

tice it because it enables them to get

this work out of the way when they

have plenty of spare time. March is

the ideal month for this work, but

there are numerous other things to do

at that time, and if one waits until

then he would be crowded with work

which. should be done then. V‘Vinter

pruning never has, to the writer’s

knowledge, caused the least injury to

the trees, and the one who advised

you to prune in winter was perfectly

right in doing so. There must have

been some other cause for the tree

dying which you were not aware of.

Last winter mice did considerable

girdling, therefore this suggests itself

as a probable cause of the trouble, or

the trees may have been winter in-

jured about the crown in such a. way

that the entire flow of sap was re-

stricted, thus causing the death of the

tree. If these are not probable caus-

es of the trouble, look for something

else, as the pruning you gave them

would never have caused it.



It is not generally considered advis-

able to set young trees in the place of

old ones, as the old tree has taken the

plant food from the soil so that it puts

the young tree to disadvantage in

starting. Also, the other old trees

about it would take considerable food

material from the young tree. But if

one gives young trees special atten-

tion he can make a success in growing

them. Either dynamite or pull the old

stumps and then put a liberal applica-

tion of manure in the hole before

planting. Do not have the manure so

it will come in direct contact with the

roots of the young tree, but mix it

thoroughly with the soil before put-

ting the young tree in. Occasional ap-

plications of manure to the surface of

the ground around the young tree in

future years will also help to counter-

act the effects of the older trees ,

around it, and materially help to stim~

ulate its growth.





 





 





If you have not ordered your trees

and plants yet, it is advisable to do so

nbw while you still have plenty of

time .to consider the kinds and varie-

ties to 'get. You will also oblige the

nurseryman by getting your order in

early. - , ~





 





27—275





- TOP Dressing of Nitrate

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25 [Ladison Avenue, New York





 





 





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10 li-P. - - 179.90



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THE MICHIGAN FARMER





Ell’lellllIIlIlll“ll”I”HIlllIH!lll§.'.'llllllllllllllIllHI“HIlllllllllllllllIllIllllllllllllIHilllllllllllllllllllllllfl

E E

:2, Grange. g

EMU!“lllllllllllllllllllllllllmlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllT-T‘JE





Our MottO:——“The farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should

be first improved.”





STATE GRANGE OFFICERS.





Master—John C. Ketcham, Hastings.

Overseer~C. H. Bramble, Tecum-

h





 





 





se .

.Lecturer—Dora. H. Stockman, Lan-

Sing.



Secretary—Jennie Buell, Ann Arbor.



Treasurer—Frank Coward, Bronson.



Executive Committee—C. S. Bart-

lett, Pontiac; Geo. B. Horton, Fruit

Ridge; J. W. Hutchins, Hanover; W.

F. Taylor, Shelby.





AN iNTERESTiNG CONFERENCE

0F DEPUTIES.



State Master Ketcham called a por-

tion Of the Grange deputies together

at Lansing on Tuesday, December 22.

At this meeting were discussed sever-

al matters of interest to members of

the Order generally, and it is the

thought of the writer to bring some of

these matters to the attention of read-

ers of the Michigan Farmer in order

to help, if possible, to center the pub

he thought upon these plans for “Rur-

al Betterment.”



I think the scheme had its rise in

one of the most interesting features of

the late meeting of the Michigan State

Grange at Battle Creek. Reference is

here made to a very strong address

delivered in open session, by Worthy

Master Chas. M. Gardner, of Massa-

chusetts. This address was a plea for

rural betterment, under the title, “The

'Ovcrilowing Grange.” It was a won-

derful lecture. I shall not describe it,

though I wish it might have been the

privilege of every reader of this paper





' to have listened to it.





Lectures are like fruit trees. They

may look all right when they are de-

livered, but they are not worth much

unless they live to bear fruit. The

best thing about Brother Gardner’s

lecture is that it has borne fruit. The

strongest features of this deputies’

conference were suggested by the ad-

dress rcferrcd to.



Our Grange deputies are to urge a

movement toward better things in

country life.



Ten lines of this kind of work will

be suggested, not all Of them will be

attempted in the same Grange, but all

will be brought to the attention of the

members of the Order in a general

way, and it is to be hoped that one or

more will be attempted in practically

every Grange organization in the

state. Here are the ten ways in which

country life may be made better worth

while.



First—by

schools.



Second—by uniting with the school

and the Department of Agriculture in

promoting corn and potato contests

for boys and appropriate competitive

work for girls.



Third—by the uniform lettering of

names upon rural mail boxes.



Fourth-by erecting danger signals

at crossings, and dangerous curves

along the highways.



Fifth—by placing bulletin boards at

convenient intervals in order to dis-

courage the reckless iiailing of bills

upon farm fences, telephone poles,

and even upon flag poles on some of

our school grounds.



Sixth—by placing watering troughs

by the roadside where they are need-

ed for the comfort and convenience of

the traveling public.



Seventh—by caring for and beauti-

fying rural cemeteries.



Eighth—by encouraging singing

schools, literary societies, debating

clubs as means of developing our

young people who live in the country.



Ninth-—by promoting co-operation oh

the part of communities in voluntary

road building where there is net suffi-

cient public money to do the neces-

sary work.





encouraging standard





 





Tenth—~by cooperating with the

county Y. M. C. A. wherever such an

organization is found, in the interest

Of our country boys.



The Grange lives by what it does

for the community in which it is lo-

cated. A Grange may exist for atime

upon the old story of how a plaster

monopoly was once broken, or how the

Order, in its younger days, prevented

the renewal of the patent upon sewing

machines, but not for long. Primary

reform, the initiative and referendum,

parcel post, and a lot of other good

things accomplished by the Grange

are monuments to its usefulness, but

no Grange can long survive on the

iteration and reiteration of these vic-

tories for the people.



The successful Grange must live in

the present. It must find good things,

necessary things, to do right now. It

must prove the wisdom of its exist-

ence by paying its way as it goes

along, or it will grow weak and its

members will be indifferent and those

outside its gates in the community,

will ask “of what use. is it to belong

to the Grange, anyway?”



Now, here are ten excellent ways in

which any Grange may prove its use-

fulness. In a future number of this

paper it is my purpose to speak in

particular of each of these lines of

“Rural Betterment.” But enough for

this time.





Oceana Co. W. F. TAYLOR.





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





 





installation of Officers of the Inde-

pendence Grange, No. 275, was held

at their hall in Clarkston, January 16.

About 50 members and visitors were

present, including eight from Brandon

Grange. An oyster dinner was serV~

ed at noon and was an enjoyable fea-

ture Of the day. Following this was

the installation, conducted by State

Delegate William Tucker, who is also

the master of his own Grange, and the

new Pomona master as well. Nelson

Smith and Mrs. Bert Guiles assisted

him very ably in the work of the af-

ternoon and our Grange extends them

a hearty vote of thanks for their ser-

vices, it being the best installation

held here in years. Bro. Tucker gave

a very complete and interesting ac-

count of the Battle Creek meeting, in-

cluding the reading of extracts of Bro.

Gardiner-’s splendid address. All en~

joycd his description of the Battle

Creek cereal plants and their methods

of preparing their goods for the mar-

ket. Bro. Jasper Lowery gave us an

account of the recent Pomona meeting

at Pontiac. Our hall is much improv-

ed by the new electric lights recently

installed.——L. C. Galligan, Sec.





Elliill!lll[HIIIHIIHIIIHHHIlHlHlilllllllHHIHIHHIHIMEL‘iiiiiIllEllllllllli“HiHIIIIHHIHHHHHH”HE





s: Farmers’





 





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EIIHHIIHHHHIHHHIHHHI!l”H!l3HHHIH”HI”!HIHHHHlHiHI“HiIlHIllllHHIHHHHHHHIHIIHUME]-





OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSO-

CIATION OF FARMERS’ CLUBS.





President—R. J. Robb, Mason.



Vice-president—C. J. Reed, Spring

Arbor.



Secretary and Treasurer—Mrs. J. S.

Brown, Howell.



Directors—Alfred Allen, Mason; Jos-

eph Harmon, Battle Creek; C. B. Scul-

ly, Almont; C. T. Hamline, Alma; \V.

K. Crafts, Grass Lake; Edward Burke,

St. Johns.



Address all communications relative

to the organization Of new Clubs to

Mrs. J. S. Brown, Howell, Mich.





 





 





Associational Motto:



“The skillful hand with cultured

mind is the farmer’s most valuable

asset.”





 





Associational Sentiment:

“The Farmer: He garners from the

soil the primal wealth of nations.”





 





'WHAT THE LOCAL CLUBS ARE

DOING.





 





The delegate from the Ceresco

Farmers’ Club of Calhoun county_re-

ported an average attendance Of 125

to 130 at its monthly meetings. Elev-

en meetings and a picnic are held dur-

ing the year. The organization of a.

county ‘association for Calhoun coun-

ty was also advocated by the delegate,

who stated that the Club which he

represented would agitate this ques-

tion during the coming year.





FEB. 27.1925.





.The delegate. from the Hadley and

Elba. Farmers’ Club'of Lapeer county,

stated that yearly programs were used

in the Club. Eleven meetings are

held during the year and a picnic in

August. Topics for discussion are as-

signed by a committee. Special fea-

tures include Children’s Day in June,

a Club fair in October and aThanks-

giving dinner in November. The mem-

bership totals about 170, and there is

an average attendance of fully half

this number at the regular meeting

each month.





The delegate from the Deerfield

Farmers’ Club, of Livingston county,

stated that the interest in the organi—





zation is on the decline; it has been

organized 17 years. The president se-





lects the place of meeting. An effort

will be made to interest the younger

people in the organization.





The Lebanon Farmers’ Club, of Clin-

ton county, reported through its dele-

gate 11 meetings during the year. The

children are interested in the work of

the Club by calling upon them to help

in the programs of entertainment;

Corn club work was tried out last year

with fair success, and will be tried

again next season.



.—____.______





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





The Ray Farmers' Club held its Feba

ruary meeting at the home of Mr. and

Mrs. Lewis Broughton. One hundred

and seventeen members and invited

guests were present. The tables were

daintily decorated with red hearts.

After an appetizing and well served

dinner the meeting was called to or-

der by the president, J. A. Priest. Roll

call was responded to with quotations

from Lincoln. A discussion of the

hoof-and—mouth disease was led by C.

S. Priest. Prof. J. A. Muma, of Romeo,

told a story and gave a recitation

which was well received, and he kind-

ly responded to an encore and recited

“Whistling in Heaven.” Reading by

Mrs. E. M. Frost, “An Accidental Cure

in 3. Sleeping Car.” Meeting adjourn-

ed to meet March 11 at the home Of

Mr. and Mrs. E. H. Livermore.—Mrs.

E. M. Frost, Cor. Sec.





Start Year Auspiciously.—The first

meeting of Salem Farmers’ Club for

the new year was held at the pleasant

and commodious farm home of Mrs.

H. C. Waldron. Although the day was

rainy a good number of guests and

members of the Club gathered and en—

joyed the day. After the usual bounti‘

ful dinner, President Thompson called

the Club to order and a fine program

was given, consisting of reports, mu-

sic by Mrs. Waldron on the phono-

graph, select readings by a number of

the members. An excellent paper was

read by DeForest Thompson, on “Soil

fertility, how to maintain and increase

it.” As this paper was by one of our

boys, it showed a very creditable

amount of study and application, as

well as a good working, everyday

knowledge of the subject in hand. The

Club then discussed the subject of

holding another corn contest for 1915.

It was voted to hold such contest, and

a good deal of enthusiasm and profit-

able experience is hoped for among

those who take part. It was also vot-

ed to hold an institute in February at

the Town Hall. Closed with music.





Travelers’ Day.—-Washington Cen-

ter Farmers’ Club held an interesting

and busy meeting at Social Glen with

Mr. and Mrs. Frank Brown, February

11. The exercises were opened with

singing by the Club. After the regu-

lar business was disposed Of the bal-





‘ance of the morning session was de—





voted tO the discussion of hog cholera.

The question, “Should not farmers

take more severe measures to stamp

out hog cholera, also the disease in all

its forms?” was thoroughly discussed.

No new ideas were brought out as to

its prevention. The dinner and social

hour is always an interesting feature

and this one was no exception. The

afternoon session was opened with

music, violin and organ,'by Mr. Brown

and daughter. Roll call was well re-

sponded to by naming a place of inter-

est visited in 1914. This was “Travel-

ers’ Day,” and as several of our mem-

bers had visited different states on

their vacations, each gave a descrip-

tion of the most interesting places vis-

ited. Six states besides our own Mich-

igan were covered on these delightful

trips during the summer and fall. It

waswery instructive as Well as enter-

taining. At our next meeting we will

take up the question Of “children’s

contests.” The March meeting will be

held at River View, with Mr. and Mrs.

John Tobey and Will be pioneer day.

—Mrs_._.S. N.,French,,cor. Sec. 1
, d,‘:~.r'r':'":?"::'4

FEB. 27, 1915.





 





 





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FOOD LAW ENFORCEMENT IN

AND FOR MICHIGAN.





 





(Continued from last week).

BY FLOYD w. nomsox.



The Legislature of 1905 passed a

very important amendment to the law

when it made it the duty of the Dairy

and Food Commissioner to foster and

encourage the dairy industry. This

amendment in reality was an amend-

ment legalizing the spirit. of co-opera-

tion between manufacturer and execu-

tive official in enforcing the law, and

has made possible the accomplishment

of a great deal of good along food and

dairy lines. A law providing for the

inspection and analysis of commercial

feeding stuffs was added by the Legis-

lature of 1905 and a law extending

the province of the Dairy and Food

Department to linseed oil was added

in 1909, and a very important addition

known as act 146, of the Public Acts

of 1909, to prohibit and prevent adul-

teration, this-branding, fraud and de‘

ception in the manufacture and sale of

drugs, food and drink products was

placed within the jurisdiction of the

Dairy and Food Commissioner.



The General Food Law.





The most important enactment con-

trolling thc food and drink supply of

the state is known as act No. 193, pub-

lic acts of 1895, entitled, “An act to

prohibit and prevent adulteration,

fraud, and deception in the manufac—

ture and sale of articles of food and

drink.” This act, which is known as

the General Food Law, is the elastic

clause of the food law which governs

all cases which are not specifically

provided for by other special statutes.

That the General Food Law does ap-

ply only in the absence of other spe-

cial statutes is shown clearly by the

decision of the state supreme court

in the case of the injunction proceed-

ings brought by the Pierrie—Viaus

Maple 00., vs. Arthur C. Bird, Dairy

and Food Commissioner. There was

on the statute books a. specific law

prohibiting certain forms of adultera-

tion in maple syrup and sugar. The

complainant contended that their case

was covered by the general food law,

and claimed no adulteration under the

general food law. The supreme court

held that inasmuch as there was a

specific law covering maple syrup and

maple sugar, it was the intention of

the Legislature to legislate specifically

for these products and that this spe-

cific law took precedence over the

general food law. They thus reasoned

by inference, at least, that the general

food law really was planned to cover

all products that were not specifically

covered by other express statutes, and

to add provisions for the apprehend-

ing of products whenever they were

not reached by the specific statute.

This law is of such importance that at

this point we shall give the legal defi-

nitions of what constitutes adultera-

tion in the eyes of the law.



Section 3, of the General Food Law,

reads as follows:



An article shall be deemed to be

adulterated within the meaning of this

act:



First, if any substance or sub

stances have been mixed with it so as

to lower or depreciate or injuriously

affect its quality, strength or purity;



Second, if any inferior or cheaper

substance or substances have been

substituted wholly or in part for it;



Third, if any valuable or necessary

constituent or ingredient has been

Wholly or in part abstracted from it;



Fourth, if it consists wholly or in

part of a diseased, decomposed, pu-

trid, infected, tainted or rotten animal

or vegetable substance or article,

whether manufactured or not. or in





the case of milk, if it is the product

of a diseased animal;



Fifth, if it is colored, coated, polish-

ed, bleached or powdered whereby

damage or inferiority is concealed, or

if by any means it is made to appear

better or of greater value than it

really is;



Sixth, if it contains any added sub-

stance or ingredient which is poison-

ous or injurious to health; Provided,

that nothing in this act shall prevent

the coloring of pure butter.



The Misbranding Section.



Sec. 3 (a). An article shall be

deemed to be misbranded within the

meaning of this act:



First, if it is an imitation of, or is

offered for sale under the name of,an-

other article; '



Second, if it is labeled or branded

so as to deceive or mislead the pur-

chaser, or purpose to be a foreign pro-

duct when not so, or if the contents of

the package as originally put up shall

have been removed in Whole or in part

and other contents shall have been

placed in such package:



Third, if in package form every

package, box, bottle, basket or other

container does not bear the true net

weight, excluding the wrapper or con-

tainer, which shall be stated in tcrms

of pounds, ounces, and grains avoirdu-

pols weight, or the true net measure,

which measure, in case of liquids,

shall be in terms of gallons of 231

cubic inches or fractions thcreot‘, as

quarts, pints and ounces or the true

numerical count, as the case may be,

expressed on the face of the principal

label in plain English words or nu-

merals, so that it can be plainly read:

Provided, however, that reasonable

variations shall be permitted and tol-

erances therefore and also exemp-

tions as to small packages shall be es-

tablished and promulgated by the

Dairy and Food Commissioner: Pro-

vided, however, that no penalty of

fine, imprisonment or confiscation

shall be enforced for any violation of

subdivision third of this section prior

to September 1, 1914, as to goods in

the hands of wholesalers 0r retailers

when this act takes effect or received

prior to January 1, 1914. The provis-

ions of this subdivision shall not ap-

ply to beverages in glass containers:



Mixtures and Compounds.



Fourth, if the package containing it

or its label shall bear any statement,

design or device regarding the ingred-

ients or the substances contained

therein, which statement, design or

device shall be false or misleading in

any particular; Provided, that the pro-

visions of this act shall not apply to

mixtures 01‘ compounds recognized as

ordinary articles or ingredients of ar-

ticles of food, if each and every pack-

age sold or offered for sale bear the

name and address of the manufactur-

er or jobber or retail merchant with

an established business, and be dis-

tinctly labeled under its own distinc-

tive name, and in a manner so as to

plainly and correctly show that it is a.

mixture or compound and is not in

violation of any of the foregoing pro-

visions of this act. Every article of

food as defined in the statutes of this

state shall be sold by weight, measure

or numerical count and as now gener-

ally recognized by trade custom, ex-

cept where the parties otherwise agree

and shall be labeled in accordance

with the provisions of the food and

beverage laws of this state. Only those





 





 





 

 





 





   

 





   

 

 





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count which cannot well be sold by

weight or measure. .All foods not

liquid, if sold by measure, shall be

sold by standard dry measure, the

quart of which contains sixty-seven





twenty one-hundredths cubic inches. " '





(Continued next week).





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18]. Mullen Avenue Wit-manor), IOWA





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





 





 

 

 





   

 

 





. , , Increase the capacity of your silo

“(v.5- .- twenty-five per cent, make better sl-

lllglll‘lll loge. Save time and labor at filling

”Ll - “ time 1ftndlet. the increased profits pay

Illllllllll Iglllllll‘r





-7. ; 1m. fort e

filllllllllm HooufinlofiR





Opens outward for filling. permit-

',".,"" ting you to fill 6 or 7 feet above top



of_ Silo walls, leaving silo full after set-

time. Closes tight protecting and brac.

lmumflmw ing Silo and fpreservmg contents. Fits

egg, ,3“. any make‘o 8110. All metal, with plate

5' r .3. glass skylight.



~' _ - a lifetime. Sold on approval. Agents





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





Easily erected. Lasts





. wanted. Write today for Catalog.

- .: sneer MET“. SPECIALTY co. ' ,

M, G. . - Kansas City,
sonEAD





F or Immediate Sale





60 STALLION





20 Brood Mares with foal, also

some Yearlings and

. 2-year-old Fillies.

, All of these at your own price.

Write now before they are gone.





JOHN CRAWFORD,

Byron, Michigan





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





' given





 





 





 





 





 





 





Dunhams erc erons,



are ioday as lor the past Forty-E

eight years the breed’s besl. !

As a matter of fact you can

also get more here for your





money than elsewhere.

If you are interested in





Percherons





and wantto get in touch

with the oldest concern

in the business—the one that handles

the best class of horses. and whose[

reliability is proven by the OXDCI'l-i

ence of thousands of satisfied cue-i

Come snd see us.



ew Illustrated catalog on application.





DUNHAMS’, Wayne, ”"895922‘HW llllnols.





LOESER BROS.





We have sixty head of imported Belgian

and Percheron stallions and mares, from

We are also offering a car

lot of big drafty grade brood mares all in

foal, weighing 1600 to 1800 pounds.





LIGONIER, IND.





METZ BROS.,





mporters and Breeders of





on Sililllillls and Mares





We haven fine selection of stallions and mares

ranging from I to 0 years old.

terms to suit purchaser.





PERCHERON SALE.





Farmers and Breeders Attention.





I d r to insure quick sales we have decided to cut

ogrorrielaee. Your choice for 81000. A lot of good ones

at clip-35004600.





A. A. PALMER 8: SONS,

P. 0. Bending, Mich.





. Belgian Gold's 5 yrs.





 

 





 





 





 





 





weanlings up.





 





R. R. Orleans.





FOR SALE—2,3?

One Pair of Brown

n s.wt. 28501bs.:0ne Blue Roan Geldin

lbs. ' One Brown Gelding, 5 yrs. ol

hlocky Mare 6 yrs. old, wt. 1506

lbs.: One Red Roan Gelding. wt. 1300 lbs.. 7 'rs. old;

One Black Mare. 8 yrs. old. wt. 1

lb. Belgian Stallion.

Geldings suitable for Form or Draft

ad Horse 4 yrs.. sired by Online.

for all purposes at the right price. Quality considered.

HER STOCK F





ACKS AND MULES





lie so mules and get rich. 230 head ilnelor

Jacks. Jennys, and mules

to 17 hands high. Large re -

istered J heirs and

Stallions. cheap now. Mules

by the pair or carload. Stock

guaranteed. Write for prices





~ 5 KREKLER’SJACK FARM

Wort Elkion. Ohio.

ranch Barns. Clinton. Indiana.





BLYDESDALE





 





 





We have a lot of choice young





at bargain prices. Terms to

FINDLAY BROS.. Fall-grove.





R r herons



e giStOre dFIngs CAN!) YOU)“;



flees that will an

.. Eaton Rapids.





—-R . 8h tlsnd Ponies. mostly

eg etisoil stallion and 'oung





”8"“ Pony Flflll orrieon. P18903-





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





QIIIHHHHHHIIHHIIlllllllllllllllllllillliiiillllHIlllllllll!|lHI”IlllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilLllE





_ Veterinary.





gillIllIlIillllllllllllllI|llIII"lllIlIlllllll|llI“IlllIHIIlllIllillli|IlIllllllllllllIlllllillIlllllllllllllllllllllllrfi

CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.





Advice through this department is

free to our subscribers. Each com-

munication should state history and

symptoms of the case in full; also

name and address of writer. Initials

only will be published. Many quer-

ies are answered that apply to the

same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably

find the desired information in a re-

ply that has been made to someone

else. When reply by mail is request-

ed. it becomes private practice, and a

fee of $1.00 must accompany letter.





llillilllllli]Hillllll'llll

Illlllllllllllillllllllilllll





 





 





Cracked Heels—I have a horse that

has had a bad attack of cracked heels,

and our Vet’s. prescription fails to do

him much good. C. H. M., Traverse

City, Mich—Clip hair off and apply

the following lotion two or three times

a day: Dissolve 1 oz. acetate of lead,

6 drs. sulphate of. zinc and 1 oz. of

carbolic acid in a quart of water. Give

horse 1/2 oz. of Donovan’s .solution of

arsenic at a dose three times a day.

The horse should be kept in a clean

stable, and if used apply cotton and a.

Bandage to legs as soon as he is

brought in. But avoid washing legs

as much as possible.



oot Lameness.—My five-year-old

mare went lame last winter following

my driving her on hard road without

shoes. One foot seems to grow longer

and narrower than the other and is

inclined to be feverish. J. H. B., Vas‘

sar, Mich—The foot should be pro-

tected with a wide-webbed shoe and

considerable rolling motion.

Clip hair off coronet and apply one

part powdered coniharides and six

parts lard every ten days. Apply lan-

olin to both fore hoofs daily.



Roarer.——I recently purchased a

horse that snores every time I drive

her. Also Opens mouth and tongue

turns purple; chokes besides, and is

inclined to fall. F. E. 8., Pellston,

Mich—Your horse is a confirmed roar-

cr and a surgical operation upon the

throat by a competent Vet. will per-

haps make him well, but giving or ap-

plying drugs is only a waste of money.



Cows Eat Horse Manure—My cows

seem to be especially fond of eating

horse manure in preference to well—

cured fodder, and I would like to

know the reason. J. G. H., Saginaw,

W. S., Mich.-Your cows have not

been fed a balanced ration. Feed

them more green stuff and roots; also

give them each 1 oz. of cooking soda.

and an ounce of ground gentian each

at a dose in feed two or three times

a day. One-half ounce doses of hypo-

sulphite of soda is another very good

remedy which should be given three

times a day; however, you must keep

in mind that the cause is in their

food supply.



Weak Back—Spinal Paralysis—I

have a cow seven years old that is

troubled with weak back and is un-

able to get up without assistance. Our

local Vet. has treated her for hollow-

horn, also split her tail near the tossel

and he said the bone was gone, but

he put some medicine in cut, bandag-

ed tail and applied turpentine to her

back. Also gave her several different

kinds of medicine, but she fails to im-

prove. On examining my other cows

tails they all seem to be soft down

near the tossel; therefore, I would

like to know what to do for them. I

have also noticed my cattle belching

up gas. T. B., Hillman, Mich—Leave

the horns and tails of your cattle

alone. Give your cow 1 dr. of ground

nux vomica, 1/2 oz. of hypo—sulphite of

soda, 1/2 oz. ground gentian, 1/2 oz. of

ground ginger at a dose in feed three

times a day. Mix equal parts turpen-

tine, aqua ammonia and raw linseed

oil together and apply to back once

every day or two. For your cattle

that bloat, give each one 1% oz. of

hypo-sulphite of soda at a dose in

feed three times a day. A change of

food supply and less exposure of your

cattle to cold and storm the better.



Fevered Foot—I have a horse that

has a feverish fore foot, causing lame-

ness; besides, the hoof shows rings

of contraction. W. T., Waltz, Mich.—

Clip hair off coronet and apply one

part contharides and five parts fresh

lard every ten days. Applying mois-

ture to hoof will do good; also apply

lanolin to soften hoof every day or

two.



Cow Gives Slimy Milk—I have a

cow that appears to be perfectly well

and gives a good mess of milk and

the milk appears all right until run

through separator, when a slimy sort

of substance is left in separator. E.

A. H., Flushing, Mich—Your cow may

have been milked a considerable time

since coming fresh; besides, milking

utensils and separator may not be

free from infection; or your milk may

in some way become contaminated

from external causes; or from hands





of milker, or from cow’s udder. Give

her 1242 oz. of hypo-sulphite of soda

and lé oz. of ground gentian at a dose

in feed three times a day. Clean and





thoroughly ventilate your cow stable,





and use sterilized linen garments to

milk in.



Loss of Appetite—Have cow which

freshened two months ago that refus-

es to eat grain, but is inclined to eat

rough fodder and she is growing real

thin. B. M. C., Sherman, Mich.~r—Give

your cow 1 dr. calomel and lé oz. of

bicarbonate of soda at a dose three

times a week for three weeks. This

will stimulate her liver into action.

Also give her % oz. of ground ginger,

1 oz. of bicarbonate of soda, 1 oz. of

ground gentian at a dose three times

a day. Feed her some clover and

roots.



Septic Infection—I have a cow that

calved three weeks ago; afterbirth did

not come away for ten days; since

then she has had poor appetite, but 25

not doing well. Her calf was alive at

the time of birth, and is still living,

but not doing well. C. J., East Jordan,

Mich—Give her a dessertspoonful of

fluid extract cinchona, a. dessertspoon-

ful of fluid extract gentian and 2 ozs.

of sulphate of soda at a dose in feed

two or three times a day, or mix it

with water and give as a drench.



Indigestion—I bought a cow five

weeks ago; since then I have never

noticed her chewing her cud. She ap-

pears to have no appetite for rough-

age, but is inclined to eat corn, oats

and potatoes. E. 13.. Bear Lake,‘Mich.

——Ruminating animals that do not eat

bulky, coarse fodder. do not require

to rcmasticate their food; that is why

you have not noticed her chewing her

cud. Give her 1 dr. of ground nux

vomica, 1/2 oz. hypo-sulphite of soda,

1/2 oz. of ground gentian at a dose

three times a day, and if she does not

take hold and eat fodder, give her %

oz. of Fowler’s solution at a dose

three times a day in addition to the

above mentioned remedy. First of all

make an examination of her mouth;

she may have tooth ailment, or a for-

eign body may be lodged in mouth

which, when removed, she will be

well.



Infected Wound.——The skin on pas-

tern and fetlock of my horse cracked

open last December; since then I have

been unable to heal it. G. L., St.

John’s, Mich.—~Give your horse 1/2 oz.

of Fowler’s solution at a dose three

times a day and apply tincture of io-

dine to wound and surrounding parts

once a day for a few days, then apply

one part iodoform and five parts vas~

eline once a day.



Fevered Foot—I have a horse that

has a feverish foot, causing lameness;

besides, the hoof shows rings of con-

traction. W. T., Waltz, Mich—Clip

hair off coronet and apply one part

cantharides and five parts fresh lard

every ten days. Applying moisture

to hoof will do good, also apply lanolin

to soften hoof every day or two.



Sluggish Kidney Acrion—Ringworm.

-—Have a 14-year-old horse that has

trouble passing urine; besides, his wa-

ter is muddy. I also have a steer that

is troubled with ringworm and I have

applied sulphur and lard, but it fails

to effect a cure. L. R., Jackson, Mich.

——-Give your horse a dessertspoonful

of powdered nitrate of potash at a

dose in his feed two or three times a

day for a day or two, then give this

medicine as often as necessary to

produce kidney action. Remember, his

kidneys will act much better if he is

exercised daily. Paint ringworm with

tincture of iodine every two days, or

apply one part iodine and 15 parts

lard every day or two.



Enlarged Hock.-—Last June one of

my two-year-old colts became tangled

in barb wire, cutting hock; wound

was tedious in healing; now there is

a fungus in wound, besides, the hock

joint is enlarged, but it is not caus-

ing lameness. I would like to have

the bunch removed. F. J. H., Empire,

Mich—Apply one part tincture iodine

and two parts camphorated oil once a

day. You will find it no easy task to

reduce a bunch of this kind.



Horse Went Blind Suddenly—A cou-

ple of days ago I drove my 15-year-old

horse about four miles when he went

blind suddenly. Can he be cured? H.

8., Brighton, Mich—A small blood

vessel breaking in brain, causing pres-

sure on optic nerves. doubtless caused

his loss of vision. Give 1 dr. of potas-

sium iodide anal/é dr. fluid extract of

311x vomica at a dose three times a



ay.



Cow Gives Bloody Milk.—I would

like to know of a remedy that will

cure a cow that gives bloody milk.

This cow was all right for two months

after she calved. G. C. F., Elsie,

Mich.-—Your cow has perhaps bruised

udder. Bed her well, milk her with

care, prevent other cattle from book

ing her, or colts kicking her and avoid

allowing her to step over fences or

logs, or doorsills. Dissolve 1 oz. of





acetate of lead in a quart of water,

adding 4.0.28. of tincture arnica .and

apply to inJured portion of udder two

or three times a day.





 





 





FEB. 27. 1915.





Make Your Lame Horse

Sound, Like This





You Can Do It While He Works.





Vv'e want to show you that there isn’t

any affection that causes lameness in horses

that can’t be cured. no matter of how long

standing. We want to send you our in-

structive book. “Horse Sense” No. 3. We





 





 





also want to send you an expert’s diagnosis

of your horse’s lameness free. Simply mark

where swelling or lameness occurs on above

picture and write us how it aflects gait.

how long lame and its age.



We absolutely guarantee Mack’s 81.000

Spavin Remedy to cure Spavln. Bone or

Bog Spcvin. Curb, Splint. Ringbone.

Thoroughpin, Sprung Knee, Shoe Boll.

VVlnd Puil’, Weak. Spralncd and Ruptured

Tcndons. Sweeny. Shoulder or Hip Lame-

ness and every form of lameness. We have

deposited 81.000 in bank to back up our

guarantee. Cures while he works. Noe

scars, no blemish. no loss of hair.



P. B. Smith. Jamestown, 00.1., says: " In

regard to my sprained horse, am pleased

to state that after using one bottle of

Mack’s $1.000 Spavin Remedy. my 24-year

old horse is entirely cured.”



Your druggist will furnish Mack’s 81.000

Spavin Remedy. If he hasn’t it in stock.

write us. Price 85 per bottle and worth it.





Address, McKallor Drug 00., Bingham.

ton. N. Y.





 





Don’t borrow your

neighbor’s , Farm

Journal. , She wants

it herself.





Have one of your own. There are many things

in the Farm Journal you will want to cut out and

save. A scrap book made of Farm Journal Clip-

pings or the volume bound. will become a priceless

encyclopedia of the things you want to know.

Send $1 fora 6-year subscription. Nearly as cheap

as borrowing. ~





The Farm Journal





132 Washington squue. Philadelphia 1





A ‘. WHAT DO YOU KNOW

fl) ABOUT A llOIiSE’S room

There is an old true saying "No FOOT.

l0 HORSE.” After 20 years experience





with the hoof and foot. our saying is

N0 “001', N0 FOOT.





EVERY HOOF IUST BE KEPT GROWINB.





rarer is A mason. you mu. FIND rrnv ova soon

“TRUTH III A HOOFSHEII” ,

EVERY HORSEOWNER AND OABETAKEB

SHOULD READ IT,

rr IS ssnr mas 0N accuser BY

THE EVEBIT COMPANY, Dept. E, Wlllsvllio, II. T.





 





 





 





 





BOOK ON





DOG DISEASES

And How to Feed





Mailed free to any address by





 





America's the ”Author

PM"! H. cur CLOVER, v. s.

00! ”mm" 118 West 3TstSlreol, New York





 





 





 





' -



—Izn rted Belgian Stallion, ooming7 yrs.

F0" :‘LE 01¢th. about 2000 lbs. Oolor. bright

dappls bay. perfect ln'build. disposition, aotion.snd is

a stock getter. no better stallion in Mich. or per-

ticulars and price addrem Box 268, Coopersville. Mich.





SOUTH ST. PAUL HORSE & IiillE COMPANY.





A l Union Stock Yards. Sgtfith St. Pang. IVIlnrlr.

t t of co orses an 11 es s we

eiififigiiéaessvraamu "

GET IN TOUCH wrrn us. '





SUFFOLK STALLIONS





FOR SALE. THE FARMER’S DRAFT HORSE.

PIEDMONT FARMS, - MARSHALL, VIRGINIA.





PERCHERON horses in state. at head of stud.





Brood Mares as good. young stock for sale.

CHAS. OSGOOD & SONS. Mendon. Mlchiflsn.

FOR S ALE—:1: ifitfifglngroheron lElimllifm Meios

a -

spection invited. F. L. KING &r§O'§?.Oh:r dtwuicg.

FIVE REGISTERED PEROHERON STALLIONS.





blacks. from weanlings to 12 cars od and

sound. WM. MoOBODAN, Dntton. out 0.... mos.





Registered clydosdale Stallions for Sale.





I". A. PETZ. CAPAC- MIGAH.





 





 





—Irnposant. one of the heaviest





 





 





 





 





 





r‘





.1;

i-

i

i.





i





/

..... ,,
1 r:— ‘ .

Ker-fa avxnrf’ "2..





my





V reasonable.





FEB. 27, 1915.





Public Auction Sale.





airing sold my farm 11! ll so at Public Auction

mgentire Bord Bred Boistein Catt ls. also



4fhorou hbred Berkshire Bowsan lBoar. 110“ Grade

SomBI cluese sad Colts. 1 Percheion Stallion and

Farm in e



The Castillome will be sold the 4th day of March at

10A. M. The latter will be sold the 3rd day of



M.aroh on my farmz miles Northwest of Bath. Train

will be met by rigs. Free Lunch.



LOUIS NELLER. PRO.





Auctioneer —Colonei Perry. Manager—Murry.





WANTED, STEERS & CALVES





for feeding. Send description and price to

BRISOOE FARM. R. F. D. 8, Pontiac, Mich.





BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY:

CATTLE.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS





HERD FOUNDED IN 1900.

Strains regresented consist of Trojan Ericss. Black-

birds and rides. only. Black Qual1ty Ito. a bull of

rare individuality and merit. heads the herd.

WOODCOTE TOOK FARM. lonia. Mich.





 





‘YnsHmE ——One of the foremost dairy breeds The



most economical milk roducers. Calves

for sale. “’hite Leghorn cookers s; Duroc. Jersey

swine. Michigan School for the Deaf. Flint.Michigan.





 





Extra good ones. ()ne

Priced





Four Pure Bred Angus Bulls.

Mich.





show bull. Eight and nine;v months old.





Inquire I". J. WILBER Clio.





our Registered Aberdeen Angus Bulls, from ten

Fto seventeen months old. Prices reasonable.

GEO. HATE-[AWAY & SON. Ovid. Michigan.





MILO D. CAMPBELL CHAS. J. ANGEVINE





BEACH FARM

GUERNSEYS





OUR HERD BULLS ARE:

lst Rosett‘s Strauiord of Ingleside No. 22533 with

six dams that average 706 lbs. fat.

2nd Violet 3rd. son of Iowa No. 24107. with four

dams that average 007 lbs. fat and three sires

with over 90 A. R Daughters. and his grand

dam is champion three-yenr-old cow 01‘

all breeds.

3rd Horizon No. 23001 whose dam made 632 lbs. fat.

Bull calves from these Sires and A. It. Dams

and also a few older Bulls for sale.

EVERY BULL GUARANTEED T0 PLEASE.





CAMPBELL C1 ANGEVINE.

cowwarrzn, MICHIGAN.





THE VILLAGE FARM,

Grass Lake, Michigan,

GUERNSEY CATTLE





 





6". —Famous May Bose Strain. A select herd.

"3" 3 sated. Several A. R. 0. Cows.

J. K. Blatchford. Windermere Furm.Watervliet.Mioh.





hi Sale lingisltrudliusrnsiy Bull sarcasm:

WINDY CRE FARM Homer, Mich leg 11.

— 11 id G

FOR SALE b2 nglifi.dggo?lnl§regdinguelPll'siocz

reasonable. H A. SCBBQEDEB. Lirdington. Mich.





For Salad:





JOHN EBEL





.Guernse Bulls. Berkshireh s. sow

its bredy for spring farrow. rite

R. 10. Holland, Michigan.





F‘l SALE—0n account of the Federal quarantine

preventing shi oi‘pment outside the State.



wehave on hand a numbe splendid young Guern-

sey bulls. A special opportunity both ems to price and

guality. Al so registered Berkshire .Anstell

E E. Lepelley. Supt.. R. 3. Jackson. Mich.





H EREFORD; §§3€.%“'§.§:"§fa “'1





ALLEN .BORS" Paw Paw. Michigan.





. FOR SALE





at reasonable prices some

fine young regls





Holstein Bulls





from 3 months to 15

months old, from A. R.

0. Dams of high butter

records.





Bigeloii’s llolshin Farms.

Broodsilllc, Michigan





HATCH HERD.





Ypsilanti, Michigan.





Registered Holstein Friesl 1n Sires—Grandsons

of the W‘sorld Greatest Dairy Sire. They are out of

choice A. . dams. Their sire is:



Half brother to the World‘s record cow 44.15

pounds in 7 days. Average record of “dams in

his pedigree 31.25 lbs. in days. Average per

cent of fat three nearest dams 4.37. Sires in first

three generations already have over 500 A. R. 0.

daughters. l'rioes reasonable so you can have the best.





«We ofler a few

Hereford Bulls for Sale mm... bu...

and some Polled bull calves about seven months old.

These are well bred. 0d animals and will be priced

right. BEAVER LA E RANCH 00.. Alpena. Mich





Do You Want A Bull?





Ready For Service.





Pro rom a grand daughter of The King of the

Pontiacs. Sired by a bull that is more than a half

brother to the Champion Holstein Cow of the

World. and whcee dam is a30 lb 6% 9 fat da' ter

of Pontiac Aggie Korndyke who has more

daughters than any other living bull. If you do

write for pedigree.





EDWIN S. LEWIS, Marshall, Mich.





“Handsome thorou h-



32 5 Delivered bred Hoists. Bi.“

Calf. Net ol ble to registry. beRIM-pen ndbn‘wer bull.

.fi heavy in lkingoo beauty. Half white. ~

mUGEIO T FARM Stlktrdt. Michigan





that willdo you 00d. A la did 11

‘ "Skid" Bullet 5oKing bSelizis “Pontiac 51303811. 80A

Brother to the 50.000 1. Write for extended

pedigree. Reed‘ & Knowles. Howell Michigan.





 





 





B





 





Bull calves and Herd B ll. 0

Reg. “Olflein supply all wants in ReguChestzl;

White swine. ' Ray 11.

‘E‘l‘:





arham. Bronson. Mlo





 





. Holstein-Friesian Breeder





 





THE ,MICHI





March 4





Brookwater Farm,





 





 





GAN LFARMER





Mumford’s Dumc Sow Sale March 4





Ann Arbor, Mich.





49 Bred Sons and Hills, 3 open Hills and 4 Bears.





This iS strictly a high class offering





of choice Duroc Jerseys, rich in





blood of Cherry King, Orion Chief. Defender others equally good.

The sows are bred to or sired by prize-winning boars I Champion and





2 First Herd Bears.





Send for our catalog and plan to spend





' March4 rofitabl at

March 4 ll Brookvater Farm,AnnpArlior, Mich. lt.F. ll. 7.





Our Herd Sire

Long Beach lie Kill Knrndyke





Has a $20,000 Sire, a $10, 000 Dam,

(years record. Milk 2|393; Butter, l226 lbs. 50% fat.)

She has a $50,000 sire with 9-30 lb. daughters.2 She also

has a $10. 000 dam. (year‘ a record. Mil 2Butter,

1088 lbs. Bull calves ready for Service 810 0 up 1).



.S. KENFIELD. Proprietor.

LONG BEACH FARM. Augusta. Ml 0h.





ESPANORE. FARM,





LANSING, MICHIGAN.

OFFERS FOR SALE A SPLENDID





Registered Holstein Bull Ball





A bargain for a quick sale

A few females for sale.





CHASE s OSBORN

ADAM E. FERM SON. lownm‘





A Choice Holstein Bull Call





From a 30 lb. bull. full brother in blood to the

World's Champion Holstein. the World‘s Champion

4-yr.-old. and own brother to the 3d greatest cow.

Dam an 18 lb. three year old



HILLCREST FARM. Kalamazoo. Michigan.

Also some choice Big Type Poland China l'all pigs





 





 





‘and Bourbon Red Turkeys.





 





lSPERSlON SALE OF REGISTERED HOLSTEINS



30-lb. cow and 3 daughters; three 2.3-11) cows and



Farm is sold and

Fay. Mason. Mich.





daughters. Mn yother good ones.

all will be sold My'nrth 25th. Hobart W.





I i i I i .



A Bllllllll'”eat lilllLY” $50 33%.}

Holstein Bull Calf. 00d and bestA. B. 0.1) back -

ing on both sides. BX black. Perfect and hand-

some individual. Rougemont Farms. Detroit. Mich.





High Class HOLSTEINS 133.:





is headed by Smithdnle Alcartra Pontiac, whose

is the famous Alcartra Polkadot. Have few young bulls

and females for sale at reasonable prices. Will buy

a few heifers about 15 months. not bred. Farm 54 mile

from court house. SETH B. BUBERT. Howell. Mich.





FOR SALE—Fine‘dysar old Holstein heifer

bred to grandson of Colantho

Johanna Lad Also beautiful bull calf. ,

GEO. I). CLARK. Vassar. Mic hlgnn.





10- Month Bog. Holstein Calf sggssmmflibutfi





545 lb. liutter rec months. mostly white.

Price $125 DEWEOY C. nPIEIiSON. Hadley. Mich.





$50 cash. balance note. gets H. F. bulloalf.‘ You'will

be proud of both breedingilt indiwduality. When

M. L. lchaulin. Redford. Mich.





 





 





 





buying buy good ones.





“Top -Notch” Holstelns.





Extra lax-pge fine young bull. 5‘ white. born Oct. 4. 1913.

Dam has ofllcial record on9 29.40 lbs. butter in 7 days.

117. 50 lbs in 30 days Sire' s dam isa 2.64111. 4 yr.-old

finisher of a 30. 59 lb.

HERBON FARMS (20.. Howell. Michigan.





HOLSTEINS FOR SALE





5 Good Bulls, ready for service.

10 Very Choice Bull Calves.

2 Two- “year -old Heifers, bred.

1 Six- year-old grand- daughter of King

Segis, due 111 December.





L. E. CONNELL. Fayette. Ohio.

FOR SALE Registered Holstein Bulls





reayd for service. and bull calves. also females.

FREEMAN J. FISHBECK. Howell, Michigan.





—-'l'he best fami-

lies of the b

l). D. AITKEN. Flint. Michigan.





 





 





represented.





olstein Bull Calf; Born Sept. ll. Splendidindividual.

well grown. nice! .7 marked. His dam and sire's dam have

14.8.0. records that 1110111113 7 days Butter 24.86 lbs. Milk 557.8

lbs. both as 4-yr-oids. W. B. READER. Howell. Michigan.





MIGHIEANL HUME Mill lilillillili SCHOOL





APEER. MICHIG

Breeder of High Grade Holstein Cattle.

prices upon application.





 





Lists and





 





erse s. Bulls ready for service.o extra quality sired

be acoba's Fairy Emanon. 07111. from high

producing dams. SMITHA PARKOBR. Howell. Mich.

JERSEYS —Por list of stock for

dJersey facts



write MRS. P. H. WALKER.“n R. R. No. 8.





Kalamazoo, Mich. If a breeder and a member

of M. J. C. 0. send list of stock for sale to the above.





' ' —Jersey Cattle. Yorkshire Hogs.

Lilli. Fifmad Oxforl Sheep. Write for what you

want. COLON (l. LILLIE. Coopersville. Michigan.





T1111: wunwoon 12115151 1112111)





Re lstered Jersey Cattle. rich. Majestys Wonder



’1. onset the best sons of Royal Majesty is at



thee head of herd. His sons show type and class and



his daughters are producing a large flow of high testing

milk. Write your wants. Alvin Balden. Capao. Mi





 





 





MAPLE Lane Register of Merit Herd— Tiiberculin

tested by the l7. 8. Government. For sale. bulls. bull

calves and heifer calves from dams and grand-

dams. and Hood Farm sire whose dam’ s and grand-

dam's ream-d9 average 912 limo! hotter. Irvin Fox. Alleganfich





You 0 unot afford to miss it.





 





I Marchil

$138 a Cow per Year





 





ton State Jersey herd. Many





Jersey





Cows have records of 500 to 1000 pounds of butter

annually—a telling lesson to people who are

struggling along with $20 to $30 cows. Investi-

gate the Jerseys. Address

THE AMERICAN JERSEY CATTLE CLUB

824 W. 23d Sh. New York City





ERS EYS—YEARILINO BULL READY FOR

g, B’I CB . Also bull calves.

ookwater l'arm. 8.1“. .No. 1. Ann Arbor. Mich.





[NE BRED JERSEY COWS AND HEIFERS. Fresh

or due soon. Mule calves eligible to registration.

CHAS. B. COOK FARM. Owosso. Michigan.





from high- producing dams with

Jafse, Bull: for sale testing Asso. records. also on

semi-oilicial test. 0. B. W.ch11er R. 6 Allegan. Mich.





BIDWELL SHORTHORNS

Registered Bulls For Sale.





Big and strong in prime condition for immediate

use. 15 to 22 months old. Priced for quick sale.

Albion Stamp 352670 by Ch. Shenstone Albino. in

service. Write or see them on farm at Lake Shore .1

Michigan Southern Depot. or five minutes walk from

Detroit. Toledo it Ironton Depot.



BIDWELL STOCK FARM





Box D. Tecumseh, Michigan.

IILKllifl SHDITHORIS‘EL‘ES il’l‘yui 633.3%...

sale. DAVIDSON a HALL. Tecumseh Mi(higain.

Shurfllurns—Dairy or beef bred. Breeding stock all





ages for sale at farmers prices. 0. w. (rum

McBride llluh.





 





 





 





 





 





Secy. Cant. Mich. Shorthorn Breeders' Assn.





Scotch Shorlhorns of Heel Type “33233623332125;

4303611.]. C. SHE PHARD. White Pigeon, Mich.

OB SALE—Shorthorn Bulls. red and roans.





b

sons of Avondale and Victor Linw ood both Interna-

tional winners. John Schmidt. 8.2. Reed City, Mich.





Dal NBred Shortliorns of Best Bates





STR J. B. HUMMEL. Mason. Michigan.





Sililllllllllllf: ”HOWE llllllfi BULLS FOR SALE





W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.

SHEEP.





u PAYS ro our runs" Tm'Tsrsr‘ or '





PARSONS.“ oftlsie Eu' 1. "





.11.....°‘"‘“"%‘“”..1 mum

Oxforda.Shr1:opsl=1x.rgs





PARSONSGrandLedge]. Mich. 121.





OXFORD-Mill SHEEP, I0 Slocl FOR SALE.





M. F. GANSSLEY. Lennon. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





33:0 Iand-y ece list.





 





 





 





 





 





—Yearllng and ram lambs from Champion

[mnhrsfioc kof Thumb of Mich. Also select Berk-

shire swine. Elmhurst Stock Farm. Almont. Mich.





Wool-Mutton Shropshin Ewes. 35:.“ dfiea‘fifi‘éi‘ol‘;





out stock quick. Most ysi irod by ported ram. Vi rite

today. MAPLEWOODl STOCK FARM Allegan. Mich





H008.





Berkshire Hogs—Choice gilts bred to farrow in March

and April. Also a number of Barred Plymouth

Rock Cookerels. Chase' 3 Stock Farm. 8. No. 1. Mariette. Mich.





BERKSHIRES‘W-‘l .. m... .0...

chemo. all guaranteed. G. H. BIDEBIigfltlbzit.‘Kliggr

'EnKsfllnEs. Bows and Gilts Bred for April and



A. 1. PATTUL “3‘ Léf’wégili§°fiii‘hize§."g





AMPSHIRE Siiine—Breedingwstock of all age

from most popular strains rite for breeding.

Inspection invited Floyd Myers. B. 9. Decatur Ind





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Hampshire swme, some good Bears for Breeding and some

Fall pigs both sexes at right pru es “'05! Wind Farm.





Pontiac. Mich. E. P. Hammond owner. N. A. li'iscr.1nanzi;:er.





 





"ESTER WHITES. August and September pigs. from

sires as Chickasaw Bud, Modnlcr. Bronson King. A certific ate

of registry with each pig John Giutling Bronson, Michigan.





 





o L} 0 Fa" H 8 ——,Choice gilts bred to one of the

g best boars in the State.

C. J. THOMPSON. Rockford. Michigan.



0. '- Gls —STRICTLY BIG TYPE. For 12 11's.



Ihave been breeding for size and

length with quality. Lengthy Prince one of the largest

boars the breed ever produced heads our herd. assisted

by White Monarch and Frosts Choice. 2nd. prize under

six Months bolart at Mo. Inter State Fair 1914 Stock





for sale at all 1:11.511 prices reasonable. Add .

NEWMAN’S STOCK FARM R. No.1Mariette, 1112813.





 





 





0' I. c. —Sprinfg lboars all sold. We hirive some





pigs ready to sh 1)

JOHN BERNERnl ASOIN. Grand Ledge. Michigan.

0 I C’s—One boar. Gilts bred for March and

Apgl Il‘arrow. Gug. and Sept. igs.





I pay express ANDREAS. Dansville. ich.





 





o. I C’s—I have extra fine lot of last spring





boanrs and al otof this fall pigs.

either sex. not 316 rniel west of depot.

OTT B. SCHULZE. Nashville. Michigan.





 





FISHERTON FARM JERSEYS;.T}".°°.,, 3"”





Hood Farm Pooimilth..' from Register of Merit dams.

FISHERTON FARM. Pontiac. Mich MI

mm BULLS





BUTTER BRED FORSALE





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Silver Creek. Allegan County. Michigan.





Filll SllWE, llcglsiirod lsrsoy cows“$£8.:‘fi..°:oo.‘.‘?

Meadowland Farm. ‘ :—: 'IAEi'bor. Michigan.





1. ”,1 1





 





 





 





o l c SWIN ~Write for new price

list. just out. Have

21:311.ng sews boars. alsxtfisrh sex Ofd AXg. sang-ow.

I! arch an Dri igs.



A. J. GORDEN. R. No. 2. Dorr. Michigan





I. C’s. nothing for sale at present but will take

. orders for Mar. and Apr. pigs. pairs not akin. Reg.

Howell. Ovid. Mich.





 





es and shipped on approval.





0 ' G’s—Good thrifty stock for sale at all

mes. Choice sows bred for Spring

fax-row. Tl]! APER. Mnnith. Michigan.





 





is a late average of a Washing-_





 





sow wtionzn 932 133.

A 23 140111115 0





I have started more breeders on the road to suc:





case than an man 1 win .I have thelargest and flu-

est herd int 9 U. S. Ev ry one an early developer.

ready for themarket at six months old. I want to

£11100 one hog in each community to advertise my

Herd Write for my plan. “How to Make Money from

083-" 0- 8- ”Helm. mum 0 Portland. Itch.





 





0 I C —25 sows bred for Spring farrow. 75 Fall

ii 38. large and growthy. Write your wants.

GLENWO Dg STOCK FARM Zeeland. Michigan.





 





o I. 0. Choice gilts bred fora grins farrow. Sept. igs

Iserviceable boar weighing 0 lbs price $30 The ong

bodied and big honed kind. Alvin V. llatt Grass Lake Milli.





 





of the heavy boned type. Bred Sll\\'l

nuroc Jerseys '111rl full Pigs of both sex for will.

M. A. BRAY. Oakemos. Ingh am 00.. Michigan.

0 I C9 ——Bred sows and gilts for spring

0 S farrow. Satisfaction guaranteed.



A. R. GRAHAM FLINT. MICHIGAN.





0. I. c (lilts bred for March and April far-

I row. September pigs ready to ship.

.MANN. Dansvllle. Michigan.





0 I. c’ — TwoW eervic able boars. sow coming. two- y.-r

3 old bred for March furrow. fall pigs. all

stock registered. 8. J. HOWELL. St. Johns. Mich





 





uroc Jerseys: A few choice boars and bred gilts

ilso 8 CW Leghorns and Buff Book Cockerels.



J. MONIOOLL. Sta.A .B. No. ALBay City. Michigan

—A few choice gilta





DUI‘OC Jerseys bred for April and

May furrow. Fall‘lpigaAR either sex. 8. O. STAHLMAN.

CHERRY LAW RM . Shepherd. Michigan.





UROC JERS .EYB-— Aug. and Sept igs with plenty

of size and great JqBality.R Also ogi] ts bred to prize

winning stock. rodt Monroe. Mich





DUROC GlLTS~Bred to farrow in April and



May. {$5 each. Ifmy selection

does not suit you return sow after inspection at my

expense and wt your money back. K PE KON

FARM S. L. ING. PRUPB. Kinderhook. Mich.





0.1.1:. and Chester White Swine





50 Gilts bred for March and April farrow bred to

White Hall Jr. . second prize aged boar Illinois State

Fair. and Allen, Jr. Champion at W1s.State Fair.

and to Jumbo and Wonder Boy Here area pair of

big ones and are smooth. Special prices for the

month of February. Service males and fall pigs ot





 





 





 





either sex. 'rite your wants and come and visit the

greatets herd in state. All stock shipped c. o d. and

Reg. Free.





ROLLING VIEW STOCK FARM.

R. No 2, Cass City. Mich.





DUROC JERSEYS—3 Spring boars and 25 bred

gilts ready to ship



CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings. Michigan.



sPECIAL on Durocs—I will sell 35 choicely bred



sows 5 boars. with all papers. Send for cat-





alog. I will put you on mailing list. Bale March 17.

1915. Phone Volinia. H. G. Keesler. Cassopolis. Mich.





——B d it f

nuuoc JERSEY fargbw ‘1‘);1'0‘d rilghgdaaxfdlbrlldb‘d rial-Ll

W. C. TAYLOR -:- Milan. Michigan.





 





 





 





”moo Jars”, Chain ion 1912 fairs. Orders booked

for March pigs E. . OR 818, Monroe. Mich.





 





apitol Herd Duroc Jersey Swine. Established has.

Hog. gigs. W rite for description. pi ices 11nd etc.

A CHART. PROP.. Lansing. Michi igan.





nunuc JERSEYS‘ES.’.§“§:’L%1°‘ °1i’13.§i‘::.“.rfr‘:.°“



W. J. BAUMAN, Ilurr Oak. Michigan. 'l

——60 h

POLAND CHINAS some.

A. G. MEADE. Colby Ranch Htanton.’\lichiga11.

f th b

POLAND CHINAS rgady fgr sdgvitcbfiSowsngit‘d-d

for spring furrow. A. A Wood dz Son. Saline. MlLlJ.

——Ohi l b “

POI-"n [Hull‘s bofrscgfglrgatrggalfty:Bailgorly’d’ifug

boars. L. W. BARNES & SON. Byron. Michi igan.





 





 





 





Bows and Gilts bred for March and

Poland China April whirfi-ow. Also fall pigs. satisfaction





guaranteed. 0.LTON Kalamazoo. M ich.





—E' h . .

LARGE TYPE P. 0. 111311.91.ng b‘ifilifi‘ifig i8.”-

bred gilts. W. J HAGELSHAW. Augusta. Mich.





' -—A few spring boars left. one illicr of

larg‘ StrIIn PI 8. May boars combining the blood of

Big esnioines l9441711nd (lilmt Defender 104419. and 'rilts

bred to Young lladlcv and Big.' Defender that \ieighs 1‘1th as

yearling. H. 0. SWA l‘ TZ, Schoolcrsft. Michigan.





 





 





 





igi Type Poland China Boers and Gilt: plenty of

zeand greatlsuality. I know I can please you.

ROBERT MAl'l’l‘I D. No. 7. Hastings. Mich.





STRICTLY B. T. P0lands—~Abeolutely none larger or



better. My breeding represents best herds in l. S

Bred gilts and fall pigs at bargain prices. Satisfac-

tion guaranteed. Frank D. Kruger. Revenue. Mich





POLAND CHINAS—The ”PO that wins. weighs,





and paykbig 111th quality.

Br ed sows and pigs either

SPPING BROOK FARM, Thrce Oaks, Michigan.





EAVY BONED POLAND CHINA SOWS.

fail igs both sexes pairs not akin.

hours. rices low Robert Neve.





 





 





 





Bred

Also older

Pierson. Mich





 





oland Chi-~as, either sex. all ages. Somethinggood

at a low rite. Bargains in boars ready for ser-

vice. P.D ONG. .F. D. 8. Grand Rapids. Mich





 





HE FARMERS' HOG. ~—Butler’ s Big Boned Prolific

Poland Chinas grow big. keeafiasxn mature early.

ready for market at 6 months Because we ve

bred them that way for more than 20 years. 50blg

boned. long bodied sows. also 100 fall pigs at farmers

rices. Buy one anda mke more money on your hogs.

0 History Free. J. C. BUTLER. Portland. Mich.





 





 





BIG Type boars hi Big Smooth Jumbo. Greatest

boar in State. 748 lbs at 17 mo. These boars are

long. tall. big bone sold at farmers r1ces,1ped

C O.D. C-ill or write. Wm. Waffle. Jldwater. ich.





-—Largest in Michigan. Bred

Large Type P C Gilts. sired by and bred to

the great boar. Big Desmoines No. 194417 weight 1035

lbs. at 31 months. and out of sows that weigh up to

. Gilts of March and April furrow weigh from

250 to 325 lbs. Come and see. Expenses paid if not as

represented.“ . E. LIVINGSTON. Parma. Mich.





—~B ed llt . ring boars. fall pigs.



Mllle F0078 :irs got aalrfii‘h. Older bred sows for

spring furrow. (fl B.ACON Ridgeway. Michigan.

1 .



Mule Foot Hogs, both sexes, 3,1,00,23,18,.

Satisfaction guaranteed. LONG BBOS..A1vada.O io.

50 YokKsanES—A" ages. Bed Polled Cattle.



xford Down Sheep. W.

Rocks. I. R. Ducks. E. 8. CAR R. Homer. Mich.





YORKSHIRES





Bred giits. service boars. September and Octobe

Prices reasonable. W. C COOK. R. 42. Ada. “515$,





 





 





——March gilts bred to son of Volunteer. I
[lg Money Down — & Deposit ’- [o ii. 0. ll.





 





Y2! m S_e_e lli_g Goods Before You





 





In [lieu £9 Days _Before tau—Ea. -





I want to show you that you can buy a thousand different articles—all guaranteed-includin Read Roofin of at inds-

Metal Roofings—House Paints —.Barn Paints—Buggies, Wagons, Harness'— Fencing for everygpumoge—Incugators—lgmdm

Tools-7F arm Implements—Gasoline Engines—Cream Separators—and many other items for which you would likely pay

one-thirdpr orieflialf more than.we ask, for our fully guaranteed factory products which we sell on the unusual plan out-

hned. I Will posrtively ship any article listed in the United Factories Catalog to any responsible person, anywhere in the U. S.





Vlrlte for This

Money Saving





Book

Today





 





 

 

   

 

 





You don't have to even make a bank deposit. Nothing like this offer was ever

made before. My plan makes it entirely safe for every buyer who wants ~

to save money. All chance of dissatisfaction, all risk, all ex- .





pense, if no sale, is with us. You cannot lose one cent. ”I





 





Eg—





 





 





We donjt handle thousands of little things, priced cheap, Magoo} iii; ggdqgtfrg: Goli-

but which cost you in the long run more than you ne’errsnstgssm‘m it???

would have to pay at home for the same goods. But we can save -





 





   





 





 

 





you money, and give you the best of satisfaction, on the many

lines we make, and we Will let you see the articles you select

before you pay—try them 30 days if you Wish to do so. If you

want to save money on a large number of items—the saving of

which amounts to a real benefit—write today for our





complete Factories Catalog

And These Special Money Saving

Catalog Folders—All FREE





 

 

 

 





 

 

 





 

 

 





i'





 

 

 

 





   





‘

I I I

,—





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Incubator





 





(24) § f?





 





I as Chick

Hot Air

Breeder





 

 





 





llll ll





 





 





iron,





 





 





l





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





 





 

 





 





HHHHH gist/g"





 





 





 





 





 

 





hon of this wonderful





 





Incubator is made of . ~

wood, then covered With gal

has three walls,

tray and nursery, copper tank and



beiler, thermostat, egg tester and

thermometer. _

or, best hot air heat, warm ho’ver curtain.

. .. Greatest outfit on the market at the price.

-' Both $9.45. See and Try 30 Days Before You

. Pay. Write for Free Catalog giving full descrip-





 

 

   





The Best

lNCUBATOR





Bar ain Ever Offered





, withou doubt, the biggest Incubator and

Brooder bar ain ever ofl’ered. ' .

HotWater ncubator and 135 Chick Hot {hr Brooder

both made of galvanized iron, both shipped on 36





ink of it, a 135 Egg





days absolute FREE



trial before you pa

* one cent, and hot

for only





$9122





See Before You





 

 

   





 





vanized

deep egg





Broader has ventilat~





bargain.





 





 

 





GHEAM

SEPARATOB





slag—summit 2





Exactly like Illustration





A full Size 200 1b. ca-

paCity machine. Easy



to clean, easy to

_ run and a marvel

in skimming efficiency.

Has indestructible steel

milk supply tank, open

easily ceaned milk and

cream spouts. bearings

bathed in Oil. Runsquict-





Before You Buy

arness





of long fibre wool felt, thoroughly saturated

A with pure mineral asphalt-mot mixed With ,

no" tar or oil. Stays firm and hard under sun or

rain. Has rubber finish on one Side and

sanded on the other. This is a big bargain in Ready Roofing ;

as you can tell when you see the samples. Others ask_90c to

$1.25 for Similar quality. We also quote exceptional prices on

Granite Coat, Double Flint Coat. Asphalt





Buys our hi h-grade tested Two-in—One ,

1 8 c Brand Ready oofing. This roofing is made 5'





 

 





 

   

   





 

 

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 





- This Spring

iSave Money!





iPrices were never

'before as low on

G u a r a n t e e d

1U n i t o H o u s e

lPaint. Let us ship

what y o u need

Without pa y in

advance.





 





 





{Ilse Oe-Flltli-at our risk





 





 





iy—Euaranteed I Lite-Time—

against defects in material

and workmanship. We also

make t rec larger sizes all

sold at similar low prices.



. ,t us send you one on our

liberal try_beforo you ay

D an. Write for cute 03.





 





 





Shingles and Shingle Effect Roofing. Our

famous Diamond Coat Roofing is





Guaranteed for 20 Years





State kind of roofing you want to put on

and we Will not only send you samples,





-—if it don’t spread better, go farther, look

as well as any paint that retails for $2 to

$2.50 a gallon,.return what is left at our ex-

Renee and we Will make no charge for any of it.

‘ We guarantee Unito House Paint .ut_ $1.20



a go on to outwear any lead and Oil Job and

not to crack, pea] or blister. 6





   

 





Don’t buy a harness till you have

tried the famous Unito make. If sat-

isfied only $10.98 for this single strap.

breast collar buggy harness. t ‘

is a wonder for the money. See ,'

catalog for full line of harnesses. 1‘





   

   





 

 





   





 





or 11/,





   

 

 

 

 

 

 





$2 1 75 F

Made in Sizes

1% to 15 ll. P.





me “see and try the goods before I pay.

articles that I am interested in.





.D UNITO Paints Cl

C) UNITO Ready'Roofing D

ID UNITO Wall Board U

U UNITO Excell Metal Roofing El

I C] UNITO Gasoline Engines E]

El UNITO Harness Cl

'0 UNITO Power Washers D





I D UNITO Stoves and Ranges





GEO. A. BOTTGER, Preo-





ITHE UNITED FACTORIES COMPANY





224 United Factoriee Bldg., Cleveland, Ohio

Dear Sin—Please send me without cost, your big Catalog and Special Offers I

which explains your money-saving selling’plan and your libera offer to let F E N c I





c GAL.





Buggy Prices SMASHED





Think of buyin a guaranteed buggy—one

that looks right, built to stand wear,





   

 





free, postpaid, but we will ship your 3 G°°d quality Bar" Pain“ 0‘“?

roofing Without a penny down—let you





see and try it before you pay.

Write for the Free Samples Today





PRICES DOWN





—-ON—





METAL BODFINGVR





.All brand new Excel] stock. “no wrecked” goods ”V :1 , ‘ .

—no “seconds”— Every sheet guaranteed even i" : ‘ . .. l ,i, ;

gauge,_ full weigh and absolutely free

from pits and flaws. Galvanizing done

after sheets are squared, so there are no

raw edges to rust. Why take chances on





 

 





 





 





 

 





 





Keep It If Pleased





Only $27.75 for 1% h.p. water-

. cooled Unito Engine, guaran-

teed a lifetime. Larger sizes

proportionately low in price.

Quick, easy starting, smooth.

powerful and economical.





Ml‘ 1L lv li

ll 2 ii i.’ i; f;





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





I have placed an X before the





 

   

 

   





   





We note only depend-

ableq fencing of best





As





   





UNITO Incubators I quality. Guaranteed. getting a job lot of unknown mgtalléoof- .7 ' .. ' - _____



UNITO Farm Implements 3 Rod mg W en you can roo your m WIS Take any UNITO bu drive it‘30 do a before

With genuine Excell Brand at prices ts wgmgyfi and val t



UNITO Cream Separators I 4 and up which are amazingly low, quality con- . ue— en save





on gay—grove i _



26 $3 . All we ask is that you give our

[INITO buggy e at. ‘et our catalog and pick out fl].

one yp went. Ifit don't ll§tisf you in looks, build,

mate and workmanship—if it on’t lave you money

—sen it back at our expense. Ten cracker-jack new

styles to select from.





UNITO Fence



UNITO Vehicles



UNITO Electric Light Outfits

um'ro Sewing Machines I





:w





Stay wires are strong.

top and bottom wires

extra heavy. Double

a can supply Just the kind

or gates you need. Write for the catalog.





sidered, espeCially when you can oee

and try the goods before you pay.

Write today for latest quotations. '





Fill out the coupon and mark an “X” before the articles in which you are interested, or if you

prefer, just drop us a postal mentioning articles in which you are interested. WRITE TODAY.





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A 224 Factories Building





THE UNITED FAGTORIES cor-CLEVELAND, OHIO.