. “K. ., , The Only Weekly Agricultural, VOL. CXLIV. No. 26; Whole Number 3834 '_7 Arthur Wiltse, a Saginaw County Boy who Graduated from Club Work as a Successful Hog Raiser. ORE than two thousand Mich- M igan boys and girls have un- dertaken some line of farm or hOme work for the coming season Boys’ and girls’ agricultural and home - economics clubs are being organized and promoted by the Michigan Agri- cultural College and the United States Department of Agriculture. During the coming season there will be club members in fifty counties of the state. It is the purpose of this article to tell something of the boys’ club work; succeeding articles will describe the work being done by the girls. The teaching of agricultural science has been looked upon with favor in Michigan for many years. In fact, this state was the first to establish an agricultural college for the purpose of training in the science and profession of farming. Michigan is also one of the pioneer states in the introduction of agriculture as a regular subject for high school students, and the rural schools of this state are compelled by law to give agricultural courses of study. Through these and many oth- er sources, such as the agricultural press, the farmers’ institutes, exten- sion schools and extension lecturers, the gospel of good farming is being taught with vigor. And, it has seemed to many that already the field for teaching agriculture is overcrowded, notwithstanding the fact that agricul- ture demands the employment of near- ly'one-half our whole population and that without its fullest development all other branches of human endeavor must of necessity suffer. But, there is one phase of this movement for bet- ter farming which has been over- looked. Agriculture is one of those peculiar subjects which cannot be taught suc- cessfully in the abstract. To know every part of a kernel of corn is good DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, JUNE 26, 1915. Making Better Farmers igan is 32.5 bushels. The average yield of potatoes per acre. Michigan in 1914 was $26.45. What Boy Farmers are Doing The average yield of shelled corn per acre for the State of Mich- The average yield of shelled corn per acre for the boys of Michigan in 1914 was 67 bushels. growers averaged 94.36 bushels of shelled corn per acre. The boys of Michigan last year averaged 224 bushels. The average net profit per acre on corn for all of the boys in The highest net profit on one acre was $84.90. This northern Michigan boy sells most of his crop for seed. The best five boy corn for Michigan is about 97 bushels mental training, but that knowledge does not necessarily make the boy who acquires it a better farmer. But to grow an acre of corn, to select the seed, test and plant it, then cultivate, harvest and market the crop—that is the kind of training that will make the boy a better farmer. And this is the basis for the junior agricultural clubs. They aim to teach better farming in terms of action. These clubs reach the boy in his early teens when his vocational tendencies are beginning to form. They give him an opportu- nity of proving his adaptability to this profession of farming. When a boy joins a corn club he contracts to grow one acre of corn on his own farm, or on a rented acre, and to grow it according to the directions of the Michigan Agricultural College. He further agrees to keep an accurate account of all operations, costs and profits. So that, at the close of the year he not only has learned import- ant lessons on practical corn growing but he knows a few of the business principles of farming. The club boy who has completed his project can tell how much it cost him to raise one bushel as well as one acre of corn; he can tell what the cost of horse labor and man labor is per acre; he will know his net profit per acre and per bushel of corn. In other words, he grows an acre of corn on the business principles employed by the factory manager. The value of having a boy under- take and carry out such a project must be apparent. In the first place it gives a practical training in some one phase of farming; secondly, it furnishes an experience in business management; and finally it offers the boy an opportunity to use the knowl- edge he has secured in the school room. This latter point deserves further attention. The average boy is not im- pressed when the teacher or parent tells him that he cannot see the util- ity of certain studies now, but that some time in the future he will be glad that he mastered them. That ar- gument has been used without effect probably since schools began. How much better it is to give the boy an opportunity of proving the utility of his studies while heis still in school! For example, in these agricultural clubs the boys soon learn that in or- der to carry out their projects they must read agricultural papers and bul- letins, and they must read them intel— ligently. They also learn that math- ematics has a direct relationship to the business of farming, and as soon as they understand this one of the driest and most difficult of studies takes on a new interest. In short, the practical farm project puts motive WVJ P ’- //,/// //////////////// Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State. 50 CENTS A YEAR. $2 FOR 5 YEARS. Kenneth Lord, 3 Newaygo County Boy in His Prize Corn Field. back of the school curriculum, and when a real live farm ‘boy sees the practical utility of school subjects it will not be necessary to coax, tease and compel him to remain in school merely to comply with the compulsory school law. He will go to school be- cause he will know that the knowledge and training he gains there and ap- plies to farming will make him a bet- ter farmer and a deserving business man. What has just been said about corn applies equally to all of the other pro- jects undertaken by these clubs. Mich- igan boys now have open to them the choice of the following club projects: One acre of corn; one-half acre of po- tatoes; one-fourth acre of alfalfa; one acre of beans; the care of one or more pigs; the care of a dairy cow; the care of ten bearing apple trees; hatch- ing, brooding and rearing poultry; caring for a vegetable garden. These are the regular club projects but in some communities where special crops are grown, boys may undertake to care for a plot of whatever crop it might be. It may be a specified acreage of cabbage, cucumbers, or any crop for which there is a special home market. When the boy becomes a member of one of these clubs he immediately re— ceives a report blank and a sheet of instructions from the Agricultural Col- lege. He is then furnished with sup- plementary instruction sheets, bulle— tins and other material throughout the- season. Usually each club is super- vised by the local teacher or some other interested person. \Vhere there are county agriculturists additional help is furnished in the way of lec- tures, demonstrations and field meets. During the winter months the clubs meet at the school, church, grange (Continued on page 691). At left a Calhoun County Boy who Grows his Corn without Assistance. ln Center‘Newaygo County Agriculturist calls at a Rural School, Right he is seen with School Children Giving a Practical Lesson in Corn Culture. and at the 690—2 THE MICHIGA N FARMER JUNE 26, 1915. The Michigan Farmer Established 11in. Com-1m 1915. The Lawrence Publishing Co. Editors and Proprietors. 39 to 15 Congress St. West. Detroit. W Cinnamon: Mani £525. NEW YORK OFFICE—41 Park Row. CHlCAGO OFFC 2—604 Munich: Building. CLEVWD OFFlC 8-1011-le Orczol Ave“ N. E. PHMDELPHIA OFFICE—214418 Twelfth St. m, j, LAWRENCE-”mm ............. President M. L. LAWRENCE- ---------- m-Vicc-Preciden3 E. H. HOUGHTON............ ....... sea—Tron. l. R. WATERBURY ............................. m} Ancient: Editors BURT WEIMUTH................... ..... FRANK A. WILKEN .............. ALTA LAWSON LITTELL ----- E, H, HOUGHTON .......................... Bushy: Manager ”no. ............. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One year, 52 issues ................................ 50 cents Two years. 104 issues..-. Three yells. 156 issues. ........ Five years. 260 issues ........................................... 2.00 All sent postpaid. Canadian subscriptions We a year extra for postage. RATES OF ADVERTISING: 40 cents per line agate type measurement. or $5.60 per inch (14 agate lines per inch) per insertion. No adv‘t in screed for less than $1.20“ insertion. No objection- able advertisements inserted at any price. Mem Standard Farm Papers Association and Audit Bureau of Circulation. Entered as second class matter at the Detroit. Michigan. postoflice. DETROIT JUNE 26, 1915. CURRENT COMMENT. Very many farmers. if they will but be frank enough to speak . their thoughts, will very readily admit that if they could have gotten a deeper interest in, and a better knowledge of agriculture dur- ing their boyhood days, they would have attained success and a greater degree of satisfaction in farming at a much earlier age. The average boy of a generation ago looked upon farming as little less than drudgery and many present—day boys take the same view, but where by any means a boy be- comes interested in agriculture from a scientific as well as a practical standpoint, he will soon abandon this view and evince an interest in agricul- ture of which he would have been thought incapable before his interest vwas aroused. Our first page article in this issue indicates the interest which is being taken in scientific and practical agri— culture by some thousands of organ- ized boys and girls in Michigan. The things which they have achieved as noted under the head, “What Boy Farmers Are Doing,” are well worthy of the thoughtful attention of older farmers, the average of whose achieve— ments suffer badly by comparison. But this fact that so many Michigan boys ‘ and girls are interested in agricultural problems will have a wholesome effect on our agriculture long before they become actively engaged in the field for themselves, because their fathers and brothers and others who observe these results will become aroused to make a deeper study of the underly- 1 ing principles of successful agricul- ture and a better application of the knowledge which they have and can gain by the means at hand This is indeed profitable work, and worthy of the sup-port of every community as well as of the state itself. Interesting the Boys and Girls. Last week there seemed to be ev. ery p r o s p e c t that the foot- and mouth disease quarantine would be permanently lifted and that our live stock markets would again be op- erated on a normal basis. The State Live Stock Sanitary Commission au- thorized a return to normal conditions and methods of handling stock at the Detroit Stock Yards, with the single proviso that cattle shipped out for : purposes other than immediate slaugh- ter must be shipped in cars which had been properly disinfected and inspect- i ed by the local representative of the g Bureau of Animal Industry. Some stock was moved. but later orders 3 came from Washington to withhold ‘ certificates as to the proper disinfec- : tion of cars, and the quarantine again . 'The Foot-and-Mouth ' - Quarantine. became effective so far as milch cows and feeder came were concerned. It is, of course, the part of wisdom to prevent any possible revival of the epidemic of foot-and—mouth disease. The continuation of the quarantine af- ter such danger is over is, however, bound to be a serious hardship to both cattle producers and the consuming public. Since it has been impractical to return feeder cattle to country points for many months, there is bound to be a. big shortage in cattle later on with correspondingly high market prices. It will pay the general farmer better than ever before to feed his calves well from the start and 0 make them into a first-class quality of baby beef. Quarantine regulations cannot interfere with this program. Many rather radical Changing the changes are being'made Rural Routes. in the-,4: al routes in this stae by the post office department. The reason for the changes as stated, is to give rural free delivery service to a greater number of the country people of the state. A great many farmers who have enjoyed direct free delivery service are cer- tain to be disappointed in the rear- rangement which may leave their rural delivery boxes located at some distance from their homes. The statement is made by some who are conversant with the progress of changes so far made, that the changes being made are in the interest of economy rather than elficiency, and that the patrons of the routes will realize this after it is too late to make any effective protest. The man who suffers from a change of this kind is likely to be biased in his opinion, even though the plan adopted were one which would meet the ideal of public service in giving the best service pos- sible to the largest number of people. It is undoubtedly true that the rural delivery routes in this state were es- tablished in a rather haphazard man- ner. The people who were progressive enough to get busy got the routes, and the postmaster who was working at the job got included among the routes from his office much territory which was naturally tributary to other post offices. There is undoubtedly room for eco- nomic changes which would cheapen the service without lessening its value to the public. But whatever the out- come of the work now in progress, the rural route patron is subjected to con- siderable inconvenience during the process of changing routes since, where the change places him on a. route from another office, the patron must notify his correspondents and the publishers of the papers and mag- azines which he takes, of his change of address. The Michigan Farmer has received a large number of these re— quests for such a change in address of subscribers during recent weeks. When requests of this kind come in large numbers it takes considerable time to handle them, so that notice should if possible be given at least two weeks before it goes into effect to avail missing one or more copies of the paper. Studies in farm management. such as have been con- ducted by the De partment of Agriculture in co—opera- tion with the various agricultural col- leges, are both interesting and profit- able, inasmuch as they reveal certain general principles which can be ap- plied to successful farm management. But it one has an idea that the farm management problem is a simple one. all that will be necessary to disabuse hismindofthuidcaistotakeadny’s drive through the country at almost any sewn of the your. Such a drive at this writing would give the traveler afiewofcomneldnforinstance. which are partially covered with '3'- ter on low, heavy or unit-oiled The F am Manage- ment Problem. ground. .Going intomore rolling coun‘. try he would see other corn fields bad- ly washed by recent heavy rains. Each of those conditions presents a farm management problem essentially dif- ferent, and this is but one case in hun- dreds which might be cited to prove that the problem is very largely a lo- cal one after all. However, the farm management studies which have been reviewed in these columns do indicate certain gen- eral principles which govern the prob- lem. Labor income is after all the important factor, and when the labor of the farmer and his help is so ap- plied as to yield the largest net re- turns, the farm management problem has been successfully solved in that instance. It is well worth the while of any farmer to give this problem constant and deep study, having ever in mind the efficiency of man and horse labor applied upon the farm as shown by not results at the end of the season. Summer schools are Summer Schools. now held in prac- tically all of our great educational institutions, from universities to normal schools. For example, there is now in session at the Michigan Agricultural College a. summer school at which special em- phasis is being placed on agricultural subjects. This session is of particuv lar- advantage to rural school teachers who have had no training in agricul- ture, since agricultural subjects are now required to be taught in the com- mon schools, although instruction Will be given in other departments and the school is open to. students who desire additional work in any depart- ment. This is typical of the kind of work which is being done in the sum- mer schools held at other educational institutions. The position has been taken by the educators in charge and the authori— ties in control of these institutions, that with the plant and teaching force available, it ought to be kept busy for the benefit of the people of the state who desire to take advantage of the opportunities offered. This plan has worked so well that a number of prom- inent educators, among them our own superintendent of public instruction, have advocated extending the school year in all primary and graded schools for like use. This idea seems to have been well received in many qanrters. and it is probable that it is a propo- sition which will be brought before the people of the state for their con- sideration at no distant date. Those who have given the proposition con- siderable thought concede that the plan has some merits, although it is probable that the great mass of pub- lic school teachers will not look upon the plan with favor With properly distributed vacation periods covering perhaps a month of the year and a shortening of hours for the "lower grades, the plan might be feasible. It is at least a question which is likely to become a public is- sue at some future time, hence the de- sirability of considering it carefully so as to be prepared for intelligent ac- tion, should it become a public issue. Securing the hay crop in the shortest possible space of time with the least amount of avail- able help is a problem with which the average farmer is familiar. In this connection some investigations recent- ly made by the oflice of farm manage- ment of the U. S. Department of Agri- culture are of interest. One result of this investigation was the develop- ment of the fact that only a. small percentage of the firmer: in the east- ern haltotthecountry who growtrom 15to50acrcsothnyperyenr,haves definite or mount method which is followed with mach variations as may Securing the Hay Crop. bemfonaocountotwcather. mmnudyotthepmblem finchowed L .i I. that the most edlclcut there method of haying with a small gang is to cut the hay in the morning [and haul it the next afternoon, since this method involved the least idle time hot man in the haying gangs. By this method two men working inthc morn- ing and three in the afternoon were abletosecureaboutsixacres pcrday of average hay. It is, of course, difficult for the gen- eral farmer to adhere to any one deli- nite plan in securing the hay crop; not only the weather conditions but the other farm work which demands attention at this season of the year must be considered Then there is such a wide difference in the crop to be secured that no set rule can be , adapted to all these varying condi- tions. With the more general produc- tion of alfalfa hay, another factor will. enter into the consideration of the question, but this investigation shows. that there is a wide difference in the economic distribution of labor as be- tween the methods of haying ordinar- ily employed, that is the time of day. at which the hay is cut and the in 0d followed in curing it. Having these facts in mind, there is a farm manage- ment problem which can be profitably studied by the average farmer, to the end that the farm labor may be ap- plied in the most effective manner at this busiest of all seasons of the year. HAPPENINGS OF THE ”WEEK. Foreign. The European War. The Teutonic allies are succeeding with their cam- pa1_gn against Russia but appear to be losmg some advantages in the west and also in southern Russia~ After seven weeks' battling they have driv- en the Russians back 150 miles to Within a league of Lemberg, the capi‘ tal of_Galicia. Now the Germans and Austrians are moving against the en‘ tire Russian front with the hopes of demoralizing the Czar's armies. The - Russians appear to be handicapped for lack of war supplies, which are re- ported to have been reduced a con- sulerable degree by the activities of German spies, who have blown up sev- eral factories and armories where stocks. were kept. Along the western front the Allies, particularly the French, are slowly gaining ground against the stubborn resistance of the Germans. The French have advanced their lines still further to the east at Souchez and made other successful at- tacks in northern France. The Ital- ians got their forces beyond the Ison- no River' last week in their campaign to drive the Austrians from Trieste, the important seaport on the Adriatic. Many small towns have already been taken and important heights were oc- cupied after severe flghting. The cam— paign in the Dardanelles is progress- ing slowly. The Allies’ fleets are great- ly hampered in their attacks on the forts and in their attempts to assist the land forces by the submarines un- der the command of the Germans. The Turks have forwarded a large number of fresh troops and war muni— tions to the Caucasian district, where they are again active. Anti-German mobs recently attacked German lac tories in Moscow, Russia, and damage reported at 620.000.000, was done. The status of affairs in Mexico is as uncertain as at any time during the past year. Gen. Obregon recently left his command under Gen. Carranza, and last week Gen. Angeles, the right- band man of Gen. Villa abandoned his superior and is now said to be in the United States. It is the hopes of some that these difl'erences may result in a new alignment comprising the best elements of the Carranza and Villa. factions which may form an organiza- tion of sulficient strength to obtain the recognition of the United States. It is rumored that a conference is now being held by prominent Mexicans in this country looking toward this end. National. As the result of a tidal wave at At- lantic City eight persons were drown- ed while bathing on June 20. Scores , of others narrowly escaped, many be- ing nearly exhausted in their battle for life. SpaninhaAmefican war veterans from Michigan, Ohio and Pennsylvania held their annual retmlon at Putin-Bay on Holiday. 8!: thousand comrades were mt. ‘ Three m represent-tfi three generations of a single were killed by a Elohim Gent's} train near Eaton Rapids. Sunday, . ‘71:; and complete 1:80.0va... . _ . - __,_ ,_,,_-,___....-~.,__..+ “-5.. w... ‘ d;— -... Wm "9} ARI—F...“ . state.” . million bushels. JUNE 26, 1915. POTATO NEWS IN MICHIGAN. The second annual meeting of the National Potato Association will be held in Grand Rapids, probably late in November or the first of December, in connection with the annual meeting of the Michigan State Potato Associa- tion. C. W. Waid, of East Lansing, secretary of the Michigan Association, has charge of arrangements and the date and program will be announced later. This should be the greatest and best potato meeting ever held in the state. A. L. Hopkins, of Bear Lake, is president of the Michigan As- sociation. W. Stuart, of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, is secre- tary and treasurer of the National Po- tato Association, which was organized last year at Cornell University, Ithaca, N.‘ Y. He was in Grand Rapids to as- sist in forming the Michigan Associa- tion and he came again last summer, accompanying the party of scientists plant pathologists in field inspec- ti 11 work in various counties. Other officers of the national body include the following: President, W. A. Mar- tin, Houlton, Maine; vice-presidents, E. H. Grubb, Carbondale, Col.; Dr. H. E. Horton, Chicago; L. V. Crandall, Port Huron, Mich Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York and Wisconsin now have state organizations of potato growers, affiliated on the one hand with the national association and on the other with local associations throughout the rural districts The na- tional body was created to promote the potato industry in all its phases. Prof. Corbett, of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, was first to suggest the idea of a national organization to represent the industry as a whole and to bring together all agencies concern~ ed in production, transportation, dis- tribution and utilization of potatoes. One important phase of the work this year will be the plan of state in- spection and certification, as originat- ed by the Department of Agriculture, which will be carried out through state and local organizations. The ob- ject, of course, is to produce potatoes that are free not only from diseases but from varietal mixtures as well. . How to Organize. In Michigan it is essential, first, that the growers in any community shall organize, and there should be at least 12 members growing potatoes to Start with. Secretary Waid or an assistant usually helps the local asso- ciation at the start and urges first of all “one variety for each community and as few varieties as possible in the Potatoes that are uniform in size, form and color sell better in carlots. Applications for field inspec- tion are to be filed with Secretary Waid, of East Lansing, and it is a case of “first come, first served.” The state‘ association will arrange to in- spect a quarter of an acre of potatoes on each farm owned or leased by each member of a local association. Three inspections will be made, once at blooming time when varietal mixture is best detected, again before harvest and lastly before potatoes are ship— ped. Diseased hills are removed at in- spection and at digging time the grow- er will be assisted in selecting the best hills in the inspected area. Coun< ty agriculturists where they are em- ployed, will assist in this work. The department at Washington is advising that all seed potatoes be bought on the basis of field inspection and it is suggested that growers get into the game at once, since the 1915 crop of certified seed is likely to be short and in active demand. Yield and Production Cost. 'Michigan stands next to New York, and some years ahead, or first in the union, in quantity of potatoes grown, the average yield being around forty With average yield per acre in Michigan of 100 bushels, many growers are producing yields of. '200 to 300 bushels, T H E M I C H I indicating that many others are falling below the 100 mark. Cost of production varies but is probably around 25 cents per bush- el on the average. The work of starting local branches of the state association is going on. Barry county growers recently organ- ized at Hastings, and Allegan county growers at. Plainwell. Plainwell growers adopted the Russett Rural type of seed. Houghton county grow- ers have re-elected officers for 1915. One Houghton member received $1 per bushel for Sir Walter Raliegh seed and another one $1.50 for Irish Cob- blers during the past year. Wexford county is in line with local associa- tions at Cadillac, Manton, Buckley and Mesick, the Mesick organization re- quring its members to plant at least an acre of treated seed, using formal- dehyde to avoid scab. St. Clair coun- ty growers were first to organize and to adopt standard varieties of early and late types. The state association suggests as standard early varieties the Irish Cob- blers and Early Ohios, while standard late varieties include the rural types of Sir Walter Raliegh, Rural New Yorker, Russet Rural, and Carmon No. 3, also the Green Mountain types, including State of Maine, Vermont, Gold Coin and Uncle Sam. Kent Co. ALMOND GRIFFEN. MAKING BETTER FARMERS. (Continued from first page). hall, or some other convenient place. At these meetings regular programs are carried out; members discuss var- ious farm problems, engage in de- bates, games, contests and other ac- Niles Hagelshaw, of Calhoun County, who Netted $70 from his Chickens in One Season. tivities which tend also toward mak- ing the club the neclues for the social life of these young people. Thus are the farmers of the future being train- ed for their profession which is be- coming increasingly complex, and thus are the Agricultural College and the Department of Agriculture attempting to counteract such influences as at- tract boys from the country to the city. CROP AND FERTILIZER QUES- TIONS. Summer Fallow or Buckwheat, Which? I have about eight acres I would like to sow to wheat this fall and have just finished plowing the same. It is a tlmothy sod, not very heavy, and the land is in a run-down condition. Which Would be the best plan to fol- low, to summer fallow or sow to buck- wheat and when in blossom plow it under? If the latter, when would be the best time to sow and how much to the acre? Montcalm Co. R. S. Summer fallowing is entirely out of date; I cannot imagine anyone advis- ing this practice now. People used to do this, largely because they could break the ground after the spring crops were all planted. It gave a man time to do what he could not do earli- GAN FARMER er, and of course it makes a good seed bed for Wheat. The working of the soil during the summer, firms the low- er portion of the plow slice and makes a fine mellow surface. But the work- ing of the soil during hot weather is very exhaustive to humus. Summer fallowing has been practic- ed sometimes to destroy some per- sistent weed like Canada thistle, etc., but with modern tillage tools these nuisances can be taken care of with hoed crops, like corn, beans, sugar beets, etc., and grow a crop to pay for the labor of killing them. My advice would be to sow to buck- wheat and harvest it for grain and then disk the ground thoroughly and sow to wheat and then seed to clover; shading the ground during the hot weather with the buckwheat will be better than summer fallowing, and you are growing something to pay for your labor. Use 2? )0 pounds of good fertilizer with the buckwheat and you will, the season being at all favorable, get a good buckwheat crop, a good wheat crop and a good stand of clo- ver, and you have improved your land more than by summer fallowing, and probably as much as by turning the green buckwheat down. The buckwheat should be sown from June 20 to July 10, when condi- tions are best. One bushel of seed is a great plenty per acre. Some sow only three pecks. I raised 22 bushels of buckwheat per acre last year. sow- ing July 9 after harvesting Alaska peas for the canning factory. Dragging or Disking Alfalfa. \Ve have about four acres of alfalfa that is veiy thick but veiy short. Do you think it would be good policy, as soon as we take off the first (rop to disk it or hairow or would it be bet- ter not to do anything to it? Presque Isle Co. G. F. K. I am quite sure that it is a good plan to use a spring-tooth barrow on alfalfa after it becomes well establish- ed or rooted. There is little danger of destroying the alfalfa, and this har— rowing will destroy June grass and weeds that are prone to come into the alfalfa field. I am not sure that the short growth of alfalfa is due to the fact that you have a thick stand. I would rather be— lieve that it, is due to dry weather or lack of plant food or cold weather. That the stand is thick is nothing to be discouraged with. This will 10m- edy itself. It will be an illustration of the survival of the fittest. My advice would be to- cut the alfalfa and then manure it, either with stable manure or commercial fertilizer, or both is a better practice, as one manure bal— ances the other. It may be also that the land needs lime: if so apply one or two tons of ground limestone at same time, then it will be a good thing to harrow with spring—tooth drag. I would not use a disk on alfalfa. It bruises and cuts the crown of the plants and injures them. Seeding Clover in Buckwheat. I have a field of heavy ground that has been cropped for several years and which I wish to get seeded to clover. Have thought of sowing to buckwheat and seed in that way. What do you think of the plan? Will buckwheat loosen up the ground and will I be apt to secure a catch or is there a better way? At what time should I sow? Allegan Co. E. E. J. Clover can be successfully seeded in buckwheat in an ordinarily favorable season. If this land has been some- what run, as suggested, a more certain way at this season of the year would be to prepare a good seed bed and sow clover alone without a nurse crop. Buckwheat may be sown with pros- pect of good results up to July 4. COLON C. LILLIE. "Try-a—bag” of fertilizer. Our brands are soluble and active, and not only increase yield, but improve quality and hasten maturity. Agents wanted. Address American Agricultural Chem- ical 00;, Cleveland, Cincinnati, Detroit or Baltimore—Adv. 3— 691“ IlfI'W InIIII“ II ”III IIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIEI IIIIIIII ing Machines form one of the corner- stones of CASE fame. Made almost entirely of steel, they withstand years of wear and exposure. Fire, too, can’t hurt them. Do you real- ize the tremendous value this is to you? Millio IS ofa’ollars have gone up in smoke in wooden mac/zines. Then, CASE Threshing Ma- chines with attachments will thrcsh any grain or seed known. And thresh it fast and clean. There are a “hundred and one” reasons why you should buy a CASE for your profit and pro- tection. Leaders Since ’42 For 72 years CASE Thresh- ers have held acknowledged leadership. They will handle heavier and damper grain than other machines. Wearing parts are all accessible. Hard- oil compression cups permit lubri- cation while machine is run- ning. Fewer and better-made parts mean less repairs. May we send you "Facts from the Field, ” just out? It tells the experiences of those who know CASE machinery be- cause they are using it. And our catalog, too? Write for 1915 Threshing Machine Book describing our complete line of. Threshers, Tractois. PowerG any.— Plows HayPiesscs, Road Machin- ery and CASE Automobiles. (298) J. I. Case Threshing Machine Co., Inc. 508 Olive Street. Racine. Win. III I I I IIIIIIIIIII I II III ‘ Mug]. Re FIIIIII. S ' ‘ ”J’Mwith the old re- liable ELI designed by pioneer hay press builders who have specialized on hay presses for 25 years. ’IIAY BALERS make clean-cut bales. Large feed 0 ening—easi- . est feeding. Hig est capacity ‘I —greatest profits for s1zeaandstyles. An ELI orever bailing need. Weight wittE - engine, 42 50 lbs ———-- for Latest Catalog.”e COLLINS PLOW CO. 1117 llampnhlufl. Quincy. Ill. YIGNN» . More Durable Than A Block of Granite Yes. granite crumbles from weather ing, but the vitrified hollow clay tile oi the Natco Imperishable Silo will last forever. This Silo will be handed down as the property of generations. The “ TM Silo That Lust: for duration. is reinforced by bands of steel laid in the mortar. No painting. re- pairs or adjustments. The mois- ture. air and frost-proof walls pre- serve ensilage perfectly. Write to nearest branch [or list of Natco own- ers in your State and for catalog A National Fire Proof (in: Company Organized 188 Pittsburgh, Pa. . I h. Phi‘lhdefi gin? Pu. Hun ’ n, Ind Madison, Wiyn. gig-111mm}! 1h. Just say—n saw your ad. in the Michigan rmer" when writing advertisers. MORE “and BETTER WHEAT from. the acre at less cost to grow. -- Two hundred to four hundred pounds of erours . V, ., erfl drilled in at seeding time will promote rapid root-growth, insure early maturity, heavy grain and a good clover watch and a more profitable grain crop- IT’S THE YEAR the See our Local dealer or write us for “Alon: lllo'ncy From Wheat.” ARMOUR FERTILIZER WORKS Chicago. Ill. Baltimore, Md. THE MICHIGAN FARMER {23123 more of it; reduced bushel cost; world needs the grain. Dept. 116 Nashville. Tenn. Greensboro. N. C. iii—$20 a day clear profit is common. 3 for “3" in a short time from the profits. Solid steey construction—certain sure op- eration. Makes Itsown (powe rid from simple, sturdy San wich gas en ,ine( 6 or 8H («0" C —‘ "Fons Tsll' pictures on describes these great presses. Write for a copy no snnmcu m. co. .5I4 New. lll. arm? ‘ . Insu . Council alum. ls. -—III 5". Runs city. Us. Get These Big Profits Now men everywhere are making big money with the famous Sandwich Hay Press. (Motor Power). $10- I,."as.vy‘l 'can ’t lbel t. I,Icpllutch ri ght on .Sim swallows and turns outspo Id salable d baIesE. impleéclf feeder and blofik Insane e ma 0 Horse who Belt Power Premstoo. Write Now. 2 I-Z to 3 2-2 “loss Per Hour embody more la ;; ' steel, enclosed carriers . machinery for 47 years year. Simplicityandstre. THE S. FREE:.‘ 212 Michigan Street ersonified,1 ‘saving and money-mak- . King features than any others made. There is . no clogging or wasting with the Freeman positive, ‘atented). We have made this i l we have improved it every ‘ & SONS CO. FREE BOOK—We will send you a free book that explains and pict- ures the complete Freeman line .. oi cutters for every purpose from \ hand- -power up. Apostalwill bring . ..\ your copy of this book 00% efficiency. Racine. Wis. The ACRE-AN-I‘IOUR Sifter Beats every hand implement for killing Po- ~ tato. Melon Bugs CahbsgsWorms etc. Applies ‘~ “7 ’ Plaster. Lime, etc.. mixed mth Paris Green ' or Arsennte of Lezid. Regulates to cover his . H or little plants also to apply any quantity of : 4.1 any kind of manufactured dry insecticides 1 Will operate as fast as desired. Better.ess- ier and faster than any 55. $10 or 515 spray pump. insist on your dealer show- ing you this wonderful little implement. Prepaid. 750. Agents wanted. Circulars. ACRE-AN-HOUR SIFTER C0. Dent. E. Poughkeepsle, N. Y. LILLIE'S SPECIAL BRANDS BUFFALI) FERTILIZER Made from best material. Always reliable. Lime. Potash. Acid Phosphate. Nitrate of Soda. Agents wanted in unoccupied territory Ship di root to farmers in cariots. Fertilizer questions answered and farm soil surveys made on request. Colon C. Lillie, Sales Apt. Coopersvillc, Mich. L I M E send sample and full particu- Writet toofficlg nearest you. LAKE SHORT; l'g’I‘ONE COM Muskezon. Mich. . and Benton Harbor. Itch —You should get the highest grade of limestone manufactured. Buy it upon the basis of analysis. We manufacture the higlhest nfi'udeigan pul- verized limestone sold Let us prove it Ask for sample and anal vs s. CAMPBELL STONE 00.. Indian River. Mloh. LIMESTONE For general form use. Finely pulverized. made from highest high calcium stone. uick shipments in clam d cars Let us send sample and price. orthern Lime Co... Potorkey.Mich. Pnlverlzed lime rock for "'eour soils. Write for LOW PRICES DIRECT TO YOU and we will Wate'rproofed Standa-rd Sprays Paris Green Arsenate of Lead Guaranteed Waterproof Costs no more waterproofed; and goes farther. One spraying usually sufficient for an entire season. Not washed off by rain. Made according to U. S. Gov- ernment formulas regulating the production of insecticides and fungicides. As already supplied to agricultural depaitments and experimental stations, to which inquirers may refer. Furnished in Dry Powdered Form or in Water Paste. Inquire of Your Dealer International Color &. Chemical Co. Detroit. Michigan WHITE SWEET $ 00 CLOVER 53' YOUNG-RANDOLPH SEED C0.. Owouo. Michigan. SWEET {ROVER SEED. fiéiha°i£¥ihl .3 .332! mination. Pricesnnd information on request. EVERETT BARTON. Box 129, Falmouth. Ky. SOY BEANS FOR SEED. Medium early brown var- lety Mature in 100 days. Price 82. 50 per bushel. GEO. McMULLEN. Grand Ledge. Michigan. Michigan White Cedar FENCE POSTS GEORGE E. CHANDLER. Onaway Itch. loath» lllclllxu From In" with: to advertisers THE NEW GREENWOOD LIME and FERTILIZER DISTRIBUTER TOP FEED—NO RUSTINC— --NO CLOCCINC Accurate indicator for 100 to 3.500 lbs. per acre. whether material be wet. dry. sticky. lumpy, heavy or liuht. Write for booklet M to GREENWOOD MPG. 00., Lawrence. Man BINDER TWINE $33.? “19213. mom and catalog. free Theo Burt. a Sons. Morass .Ohlo, l' Orchard Seil T is generally conceded that the cultivation and cover crop method is the best treatment for the on chard soil. We have exceptions to the general rule which are successful. Ver- gon, of Ohio, VHitching, of New York, and a number of growers in this state have demonstrated that the sod mulch method is successful under certain conditions. The Pennsylvania Experiment Sta- tion has also demonstrated through experiments which have been carried on for a number of years that the young trees grown in sod mulch, the mulching consisting of strawy ma- nure, gave the best results for them. Their conclusions as the result of the experiments were that the mulching of the row and the use of tilled inter- crops, such as potatoes, corn, peas and beans for the first seven years was the most eflicient and economical method of caring for the young or- chard. The intercrops often bring in returns of $40 to $50 per acre in fav- orable seasons, and will cause no in. jury to the trees on good tillable soil. Thoroughness Necessary for Success- ful Mulching. While the mulching method may be adaptable to a wider range of condi— tions than we now realize, the chief objection to a greater use of it would be the inability of most fruit growers to get enough material to practice the method successfully. Thorough mulch- ing is the essential in successfully can rying on this method. Better control of the growth of the trees and the moisture of the soil can be had by properly using the cultiva- tion-and cover crop method of orchard soil care. 'To follow this method effi- ciently the objects to be attained by it should be thoroughly understood. 'Very often we carry on our common practices without thoroughly having in mind the principles involved. The object of cultivation in the or. .chard is to conserve the soil moisture ‘ and make available the plant food in the soil. We should aim to attain early growth on the trees and then during the latter half of the growing season permit this growth to harden up for the winter. We should there- fore start to cultivate early in spring to stimulate the growth and also to conserve the moisture from the spring rains. If we can get the orchard in good tilth before the blossoming time so much the better, but if we wait a. -month or six weeks after, it is usually like locking the barn after the horse has been stolen. Maintain a Dust Mulch. The cultivation should not be done in a half-hearted manner, as cultiva- tion half done is little better than none at all. Packed down, bare ground will lose as much or mOre mois- ture than one with sod on it. The season for cultivation is a short one and a man should make every effort to maintain a dust mulch on the sur- face throughout the entire time the or- chard is cultivated. The time to stop cultivation de- pends, to an extent, upon the season. Some seasons are better growing sea- sons than others and in such cases the cultivation should cease earlier than others. The accepted time in the past has been about the first of August but the tendency now is to stop earlier, or about the fifteenth of July, except in very dry seasons. In very good growing seasons the first of July would be a good time for putting in the cover crop. There are some growers who have soils which make a vigorous growth of tree who stop cul- tivation when many others are start- ing, or about the fifteenth of June. The Importance of Cover Crops. The use (If cover crops is just as important as cultivation and many of 'us fall down on this because we do not realize the necessity and value of cover crops They greatly,;'help in JUNE 26.1915.-.- Management hardening up the wood of the tree by taking some of the moisture and plant food. from the tree. It is highly im- portant that the wood ripen up thor- oughly each year in order to keep the trees healthy. When trees go into the winter with soft wood we make them more susceptible to winter in- jury, canker, blight, and numerous oth- er diseases. Cover crops are also the chief means of maintaining the physical condition of the soil. Cultivation uses up the humus and unless it is replaced the soil will become “dead" and will lose to a. great extent, its ability to retain moisture. On the other hand, soils may also have too much humus in them and will tend to produce a large growth of tree at the expense of fruit bearing. By the proper use of the cov~ er crop we can have under control .to a great extent, the physical condition of the soil. When humus is needed a legume cover crop, such as clover or vetch, should be used. If none is need- ed oats or some crop which dies down with the frost, should be used. Rye is of advantage if the soil is packed or of a clayey nature, as it will tend to loosen up such a soil. The Cover Crop a Protection. A third benefit derived from the use of cover crops is the covering of the ground during the winter. Ground that is well covered in the dormant season is more fertile in spring than that left unprotected. Snow has been called the poor man’s manure because of the protection it gives the soil. The greater fertility of ground covered dur- ing the winter is undoubtedly due to the fact that there is slight bacterial action going on in the soil under this protective cover. In the future when the fruit grower desires to bring his orchard to a high- er state of productiveness and be— comes more efficient in the care of the orchard he is going to give serious at- tention to the control of the growth of the tree and the chief means of ob- taining this control will be by the proper use of cultivation and cover crops. ' TROUBLE DEPARTM ENT. The Green Fruit Worm. Some of my pears and apples have shallow, irregular holes eaten in them. Can you tell me what the cause is and how to prevent it? , Allegan Co. - G. H. The green fruit worm is undoubted- ly the cause of the damage to your young fruits This is a long light-col- ored caterpillar which attacks the fruit early in the growing season. Be- sides attacking the pear and apple it also occasionally does damage to the strawberry. The ordinary early spraying will us- ually keep this insect in check, es- pecially if a poison is used in the ap. plication just before the blossoms. If the poison is not used in this applica- tion, in most seasons the fruit worm will deve10p in size so that it will be resistant to the poison used in the after blossom sprays, and heavier ap- plications of poison at that time will have little effect. These worms are rarely very seri— ous but if they are they can only be controlled by parrlng them from the trees and killing them on the ground. BOOK NOTICES. “The Principles of Fruit Growing.” the standard book on the subject of fruit growing, by L. H. Bailey, is is- sued in its twentieth edition, com- pletely revised and rewritten. It gives the advanced opinions of the day on everything pertaining to the culture of fruit which makes it of value to all fruit growers. It is published by The MacMillan 00., contains 432 pages and numerous illustrations. and can be or- dered through the Michigan Farmer- for $1.75 1" JUNE 26, 1-915. ‘ Growing Baby Beef nounced for discussion in the Michigan Farmer for this year was “Baby Beef as a Specialty.” Whether or not it will pay the aver- ‘age general farmer to make a special- ty of baby beef production is essen- tially a local problem. But every farm- er finds it necessary to keep some cows, and for this reason, should be interested in baby beef production as a'side line if not as a specialty, for there is no doubt that the calves can be made into baby beef at a substan- 'tial profit. On the other hand, it is probable that if they are handled in any other manner they will fail to re- turn a profit on the investment in their feed and care, and may even be grown at a loss. The average farmer would do well to follow the lead of experienced feed- ers in this» method of turning the calves into money. The following rea- sons were among the most logical brought out by an inquiry conducted by the U. S. Department of Agricul- ture: First. The younger cattle make more gains on the same amount of feed than do the cattle with more age. To get such gains, however, it is nec- essary that the calves be pushed from the time they are dropped. In addi- tion to the milk the calf gets from its dam, it should be given a grain ration just as soon as it will begin to eat. As expressed by one feeder, “the calf should be fed so that it will never know when it is weaned.” . Second. The money invested in cat- tle is turned faster. Under old range conditions money‘ invested in cattle was realized upon only once in from three to five years. By feeding out calves as baby beef, money can be turned in 18 months. Third. By feeding as yearlings the herd to be maintained on the farm is smaller, and pasture, forage, grain, etc., which were once used for year- lings and two and three-year-olds can -now be used to increase the number of cows kept. Fourth. Open heifers find just as ready market as the steers. This is true in no case after the time the heif- ers have -passed the two-year-old stage. Yearling heifers finish out ev- en more rapidly than do the steers and marketing them at this age is a big advantage since there is no other time in their lives when markets will treat them as favorably. Fifth. The baby-beef market at the present time is the most stable of all the cattle markets. Baby beef has, during the past few -, years, had a market all its own, and ‘probably in most cases regardless of other cattle market conditions. Baby beeves will not take on as high a de- gree of finish as will two-year—old cat- tle, but nevertheless the yearliiigs with somewhat less finish have usual- ly sold at a higher figure than two‘ year-olds. During the past few years the Christmas market has been very fav- orable toward all cattle with quality and prime finish, quite a proportion of which are baby beef. Most of the baby beef, however, goes on the mar- ket during the lll’O-llths of May, June, and July. The market at this time is generally good, and in fact generally stays good throughout the summer months when few prime cattle are for sale. Most of the cattle offered are half—fat yearlings. The specialist in baby beef produc- tion will find it advantageous, if not necessary, to let the calves run with their dams. The general farmer who .keeps a few cows and raises the 'calves, will not heiable to follow this method and will find it neCessary to feed very carefully and intelligently. -The calves should be started well on whole milk and after skim—milk is sub- stituted for whole milk it must be sup- ONE of the special topics an- THE MICH-I plemented by the addition of some feed to replace in large measure the fat taken from the milk. Flaxseed meal boiled to a jelly is the best avail- able supplement for skim—milk to feed young calves. Later corn meal may be added in sufficient quantities to balance up the milk, and other grains may also be used to advantage to give variety to the ration. Liberal feeding, as well as judicious feeding is necessary to insure a rapid growth and a desirable covering of flesh. The man who has never fed calves for an early finish will be as- tonished at the amount of grain that such calves will eat. The first bunch of calves the writer fed to baby beef finish consumed a daily grain ration of 16 pounds of mixed corn, bran and dried beet pulp when on full feed. But they also gave a good account of the feed, making a cheaper gain than any other lot of cattle we ever fed out. The man who would produce a choice quality of baby beef must keep the calves well covered with flesh from birth to maturity. This, after all, only involves intelligent feeding from start to finish. Different feeders may use different methods, but all must feed judiciously and with a liberal hand if they would attain desirable results. Oakland Co. A. R. FARMER. GROWING PIGS ON ALFALFA. Some growers claim that they can produce pork profitably upon alfalfa without the use of grain. It is possible that this can be done, but I have yet to see pigs attain satisfactory weight at six months of age which have had nothing but alfalfa pasture. I have purchased such pigs in the fall for feeding purposes that did not weigh ever 65 to 80 pounds at six months of age. A pig that has been fed all that it will eat from birth should weigh 200 to 225 pounds at that age. The pig that does not weigh over 75 to 100 pounds in the fall has been stunted, and the resulting gains will not be satisfactory when the pig is put upon feed for finishing out. The frame growth will have stopped to a certain extent, and, while they will lay out fat, they will not make the gain per day that thrifty pigs will make. The experience of several states shows that the most economical ra- tion, from the standpoint of return for money expended, is grain to the ex- tent of one to two per cent of the live weight of the pigs, the pigs mean- while running on alfalfa pasture. The only conditions under which this method of handling might not be profitable would be when the market was so extremely low that there would be no chance of getting out a profit where any grain was fed. If indications pointed to a stronger mar- ket in a few months, then the pigs could be run on alfalfa alone without grain in order to tide them over the period of low market, but with rea- sonable market conditions, it pays to feed seine grain with alfalfa pasture. It is best not to pasture too many hogs to the acre, and best not to allow them upon it when wet, as they tramp and root the alfalfa and kill a good many of the plants. Alfalfa pasture that is handled properly will maintain its stand for four or five years with hogs upon it, which is a sufficiently long period. Colorado. G. E. MORTON. 0n recent hot days hogs marketed in Chicago showed=big “fills;”_ and one , load of hogs showed 200,1bs. gain, over. , - their home weights, while a -~car of Iowa hogs'thatwere weighed “empty” 1 off the cars, after being filled, showed ‘ gains of 280 lbs. A large feeder from Iowawbrought in Va load of hogs. that . ‘wei‘ghed 100 lbs. more than at B’agley. , GAN FARMER '3 -E g... =-—‘ , . _. s3, ., J'Ffr 121-1», v - ,. . l' .‘ .1 » {'3 ’1'-.. John Deere—The Sagless Elevator Unload your corn in four or five. minutes to the load Just Off the Press and do no hard work yourself. Crib your corn in good Illustrates and de- condition. Use a John Deere—The Sagless Elevator. scribesthemostcom— Separates shelled corn from ear corn when elevating ear plete line ot'rarm corn. Elevates shelled corn and small grains when implemenfs- T9118 desired how to adjust and use farm tools under varying conditions. It is a. practical ency- clopedia. of farm im- plements worth dol- lars to you—s 168 page text book. It tells about John Deere Implements: Steel plows, cultiva- tors and harrows; corn planters, disc barrows and boot tools; farm and mountain wagons; manure spreaders; portable and station- ary grain elevators and corn shallots;- hsy loaders, stackers. sWeep rakes. mowers and side delivery rakes; motor hay presses: grain drills and seeders; full line of chilled plows;graln binders and corn binders; hit-and- miss and volume-gov- erning gasoleno en- gines. To get this book free, state what spec- ial implements you are interested in and ask for the book as Package No. x - 5. Readily set up by one man. Has large capacity and is light draft. A boy can easily operate it. Runs on roller bearings, is made entirely of steel. Truss rods with turn buckles on the sides absolutely prevent sagging. How to Build Corn Crib Plan-s. Book of blue print plans shows in figures how more than the cost: of an elevator outfit: can be saved by the way the crib is built. Also tells about all John Deere Elevators, both portable and stationary, wood and steel. Get it free by simply stating what style of an elevator you are interested in. Janis , John Deere Quick Detachable Shares John Deere Wheel Plows, known the country over as “Quality Plows”, are now fitted with John Deere Quick Detachable Shares—an exclusive John Deere feature. Unscrew one nut and the share comes oil—slip share on, tighten the one nut and you are ready for work. Share can be removed in thirty seconds—replaced in sixty. No trouble to change shares; no danger of damaging share or injuring your hands. Resharpened or sprung shares can be drawn into place closely without the use of a drift punch. Share is stronger than ordinary—it is not weakened by bolt holes. We have beautifully illustrated booklets on the follow- ing plows with John Deere Quick Detachable Shares. Write us for the booklet you want and we will send it free. New Deere Sulky and Gang—High Lift Frame Plows John Deere Stag Sulky and Gang—Low Lift Framelcss Plows John Deere Two—Way Sulky—Side Hills, Level and Irrigated an John Deere Engine Gangs—for Traction Engines John Deere Pony Engine Plow N o. 3—Power Lift: f . t r Keepacan of Zenoleum always handy—it's the best live ' i \ ‘ stock_Profit—lnsursnco on earth. Its use as a disinfectant and , , - . ‘ . germicide insures the destruction of all germs and insects that - prey on cattle,hogs and sheep. This powerful safe germicide ' kills lice. mites. sheep ticks: cures mange, Scab, skin troubles. sores. wounds and revents abortion :1 cattle. Used and Endorsed by 50 Agricultural College- ‘ _ _ No other live stool: remedy is so highly regarded by breeders and live stock author- Itics. For twenty years it has stood every test. Chen er than home-made mixtures and . absolutely reliabYe. Sends dollar bill for a can of enoleum postpaid, sufl‘iment to iulsmmw‘fi make 50 gallons of positive disinfectant. Full gallon can to make 100 gallons, $1.50 par- : WI cel post paid. If it is not all you think it ought to 6 you Ret your money back: no — - argument—Just money back. Write for ZENNER'g VETERINARY ADVISER. FREE. ZENNER DISINFECTANT COMPANY. 200 Lsfsyette Am. Detroit.Mich. f- -- “Mun—s- Ensilage Gutters and Siloillers with Blower STEEL iizitaaarisamw" Especially designed lor oloomJowor Lug ‘ oxlroordlnnrlly heavy work. Steel is 0—” known to be stronger than cast iron. The, Rose is not; an ordinary fodder cutter but. a spools! mode machine for lllllng silos. We have manufactured the for as yours. and, :f/ - ~ ' _. _ ' ' hos-day “twill: b itstovzn actions prove .. . . , _ super or y. ti 8 or cats 08. - Guaranteed ”99. . - ‘v We also manufacture the Ron Wood from.,.d.¢fw¢8 I61. and in os-s'm-ucr-o uom suo. We of bid“ 1 P THE :E‘.w. Ross oo.. Box in Sufi-Infield. 0- " Wli‘o‘ii‘initifné to-isdvoriis'ers spleasoimention the Michigan Farmer. THE' MICHIGAN FARMER The Care of Young Chicks LARGE number of farmers make the serious mistake of rearing Grow Grain — make your our free book, ‘ ‘The Homeseekers’ and Settlers’ Guide, ” Get containing valuable information regarding America’s richest farming country—125,000 recently surveyed American farmers are getting rich on Canadian We will help you select your free farm. ' big advantage to homeseekers and settlers who select their free farm now. The best farms will The present high prices of grain are taking thousands of American farmers to Western Canada. free fertile farms. wheat farms. naturally be selected fi1st. Free the Duluth, l‘t. hrancis 01 St. Fortune information to llomeseekers regarding low rate round- -trip tickets to all points in Vi" estern Canada. your farm, it will pay you to travel on the Canadian Northern via laui and Winnipeg gateway with stepover privileges Even if you have already selected Canadian \orlhern lines some over -,i 000 miles of Canada’s richest farming country. now and get your pick HomeSteadof the best. farms. Be sure and wr1te today for a free copy of‘ ‘The Homeseekers’ and Settlers’ Guide” and low A FORTUNE IS WAITING FOR YOU 35:. Canadian Northern Ry. R. P. BELL: Gen. Agl‘... (‘14 W. Adams St., Chicago rates to Canada. BEE lIIVES. SECTIONS, Send for catalog A. Ask for catalog B comb Foundailons, Smokers, etc. Both‘gogdufigl' CRATES- Thorough 200wnxllned paper baskets post brod Italian bees and queens. Raid in 1st and 2nd zones for $1. . s M. H. HUNT 81 SON. Box 525. LANSING. MIOH. BEilllY BASKETS All! paper baskets k for catalog POULTRY. RosE COMB BROWN LEGHURN EGGS from Mad Sq. winners. $1. 00 per setting. $1. 00 per 100. M. Pskin ducks $1. 00 per setti1 CLAUDIA BETTS. Hiilodale. Michigan. White P. Rocks. Pekin and white runner ducks W into guino :1s eggs and day old ducks and ( hicks. .V. HOSTE’I‘LER. St. Johns. Mlchl gun. ‘ ILVER aned Golden and White lvsyandotlle Eggs for hutch- b ing. T1111 ('cnts’ (nah or 30 for 32. hi). laps parcel post charges. C. BROWNING. Portlsn iChl igsn. ARRED ROCKS. Parks ZOO-Egg strain. A strain B with Egg records to 271 eggs 11 your. 81. per 15. Delivered by Parcel Post. Fred Aslling, Constantianicii. B 'i R ks 3 out of 4 firsts Chicago, 19”. Eggs b1l. of “ 0c 9 season Sl..’10-li'1: $6400. 8, (‘ Bull Leg- horn eggs Si-lf); 35-100. Pen of 12 Buff Leghorns $10. '20 Bull Hock liens. 75 cents to $2.50. including Chicago and Minne- Bird Lawn l-‘nrm. Lawrence. Mich. apolis first prize winners. ch' k . Weshipthoussnds. diflerent Varieties. prices In 3- right order now for spring deli very. freo booklet. Freeport Hatchery, 80x12. Freeport.Mioh. .O. Barred P Rooks.B . 0. Rhode Lilli. FITMSlIEdS Island Rods and 8 C. White Leghorn P H Ezgs for Isle. $1 for 1.1. $1.50 for 24. 82 W 0" U- for so. Colon 0. 1.11119, Coopersville, Mich BARRED PLY. ROCKS First prize winners at Chicago. Cincinnati. Indianapolis. etc. Eggs from line ertllity MailboingsF that are bred to lay $1. 50 per 15. 54 pe ”(germ From best exhibition pens SlO perlo 1.5 52550 r Prompt deliver and 00d 11- itch guaranteed. .5er Hoover, R. 7. Met he's. nd. While Leghorn: Day-Old-tticks. W;":.’.‘;‘:.€.‘,§°.‘i‘.‘l§z faction to all our customers. APLE CITY POULTRY PLANT. Box C. Chlflotto. Michigan. ' -—Bred for size. shape. vigor. 3 ii. Willi. leghoms egg roduction. 131'es1's' ex- perience breedingle horns. fiutohingeggsMbOperloo Baby chicks .10 per A. 0. Howard. Tecumseh. Mich. ‘ Hens 81.509aoh o with the kick in BIITOii lock them 15 for 11.23 safii :6 baby chicks 100 315. W. 0. OOFFMAN. R. No. 6. Benton Harbor.Mioh. —8tnrt right with your Bnrrod's alrf'd "Wk EEK! with eggs from a pen direct from Bradley Bros. Yards. A. A. Psitullo, Dechorvlile. lich —500 forlfi. S4.00for100. M t c Whil. ”IMO"! E 3 best pens $2.00 (or 15. . 5 {'1'}:- 30. ,DAVID RAY. Forest Ave. Ypsdanti. lob. Half Price from Now Cu from some of the best Barred and White Rocks lchin 81. .50 per 151191113 lnyixa strains. hivervlew Poultry Farm. Box 798. lion. ty. Mich. WHITE WilllilliE E0“ liilF FREE '0' HOWARD GRANT. Murchlll. MIchi‘ln. INGLE’I‘ BARRED BOOKS—the winning and laying strain. Eggs $1.60 per r15. from mated pens oaiso M. B. Turko 350339 from choice birds. $2.50 0. Charges 11318? yksroelpos PLAXINVIIW ST M. Romeo. Mich".- Pnrn raised. henvy laying 8' c “"3 nghfllt. strain. Order June chicks now. 0‘) per hundred. Also whitePekin ducks. expend duekll nus. Sunnybrcok Poultry Farm. Hillsdnb lick. “"1”" s'flfz'll’ “”31?“ J‘Vlfi‘é El» 32%“ s es s moo n: c weightfitoflflbsqelusliif.011100MPJIe.ms8l5perl&I Mammoth Bronze Tom Turkeys. d to as lbs. according monoclonal Goes-fl. A.E.Cnmpton Vsuer,licl1 ARRID Knees-Rook from Ben-educate Oh t ere barred tothe skin. eisoocssh'om 8. B. Bambi-tn. R. 0. While ”horns. While Runner Duets. ‘7th Holland Turkeys; Clreolsrfree. liverview Penn. I. s. Vassar. Itch. AT? BRASON PRICES on R. 0 end S. 0. Rhode lslsnd led ease tre- lee fleet. ll peel .delivered eeyoer insured psi-eel poet. Jill"! WELL. Ann Arbor. Him-no KILLING CHICKEN MITES f \L :J‘ with “FUMOTH” FUMIGATORS is a new, only and quirk way. No more sp1 nymg and exposing oneself to these mites. One to two required for 8 ill or 12 foot house: one fumigation cleans them all out. Requires only a half hour to do the fumigation and it is play—not work. The fumes go into all the cracks and crevices in your house and permeate the straw killing every insect. which is not possible with spra 11113 No after odor remains—can return fuNlS immediately afterward. Fumes kill instantly and not by suffocation like sulphur or fonnnldchyds and not dangerous to man. Used and endorsed b Jacob Bsuman. Detroit. Pres. Mlcli. State Poultry Assn. (in other prominent poultrymen. 2 for 25¢. bfor 500. 12 for $1.00. postpaid. Ask for descriptive folder. Send name of supply house. Guaranteed ——n1oney refunded. Also kill Mosquitoes and House Moths. F. A. Thompson 8 00.. 527 ’l‘rombloy Ave.. Detroit. Mich. O A Pump, Grind, Saw Double Geared Steel. bronze bearing OILLESS WIND MILLS,i _ Nooil. noolimbilngtowers. ' Mead for Hardl so. Fe Grinders. Steel '1‘ nnks. W WheelW Wind Mills. 2% to 20 H. P. Fuel Saving Eng! nee. Perkins Wind Mill :1 Engine Company Est. 1860. Ostal clogs free 135 Main St. Mlehswsks. Ind. lieny an .80 tso 060 every week demonstrstln our 1915 led tool Automatic “nadi- Lifting and Pulling Jack, Wire Stretcher, Splicer sud lender Post and Stump Puller, :‘lzzo htcnsr. linker Prose. Vise, Hoist Wrenc , untied“ . Bu power of. 410 men. Guaranteed brllh. Spurs 1. ms or permanent work. Dom Cleaned. Credltglyen. Write for factory agency amt. In“ H c1115. 1. mm co 295 I Fine 011:in harpingion “b“ .i‘i'prii‘. 11%;? 3 J ns. Beleian nd Col liie on. films nocon. Pine rest sum. Boil-ii 0.11. 111.111. KITTAKE'B'S Bed Chicks. both combs. Sit) and '12 per 109. Ken 812 per doz. The most popular Reds in Iichium. lntorlekes Farm. lion on. Insurance. Iich. B‘lgly (lax—White IoochHOI‘-)n11.I 1.310%! 89' at 111nm 11111111 1>'o”'uI 11an Hips "'11 '3. ”111.111. ADE I)! AIIRIOA” 8. 0 W. Lnehorns only.— re white. ilk-one d 11- -old large. lay pu chicks not! per i”. be rsntood do' leer etch eves-ye verlroels In em. Box I. Ionln. Mich. RITE 0r IM More”. 8. c. Keller-tress Bari. 4 or W " Yearling more. 75c em. single .l. B—vh. pens hens and oils lgp is price. I. 3. Thompson. Red ord. llzli. boos. truism for Itself”... ’°' ..°..‘:°"'m m9. w.s. wont. ' FOX. COON AND RABBIT HOUNDS mm resend”; their chickens year after year on the same ground in the same back yard. Would they think of raising corn year after year on the same ground? Would they for a minute think of leaving the cabbage plants in the hot-bed and expect a good crop of solid headed cabbage heads? Would they think of rearing their colts, calves, or lambs in the barnyard? The fact is they would not dream of doing such a thing, but when it comes to raising chickens, they do the very thing; they keep them in the small coops, large for them when a day old, but entirely too small for them after six 01' seven weeks of age. I earnestly urge all farmers to give their growing chickens a fair chance with the rest of their live stock. This can only be done by rearing them un- der similar conditions. Raise them on fresh ground each year. By this I mean that if you have been rearing them in the back yard last year, I would raise them elsewhere this year. Separate Cockerels from Pullets. As soon as they are weaned or can do without heat, move them into larg- er movable colony houses, unless the house in which they were started is large enough to comfortably accom- modate them to maturity. Separate the sexes as seen as they can be distinguished, placing each by themselves. Both will do better. The pullets especially should not, be crowd- ed nor those males intended for breed ing purposes the next year. Examine them carefully for lice and mites. If any head or body lice are found, grease them all slightly with carbolated vaseline or common grease. We prefer this to dusting them with a lice killer. To kill the mites, spray the entire interior of the house with some good disinfectant or use the fumigation method. Mites multiply very rapidly during hot weather and a continual warfare against them is necessary to keep them under control. The chicks should be taught to use the roosts as soon as possible, the sooner the better. They always grow better when roosting than when crowding into the corners of the house, which they are apt to do. We have also noticed that chicks taught to roost early grow a much better coat of feathers; hence can stand the cold better. Their roosting on the floor causes many diseases like roup, cold, sore-head, indigestion, and rheuma- tism. It also causes leg weakness and crooked breast bones. Coionizing the Chicks. One of the best places we like for our growing chicks is in the houses scattered over a corn lot, placing the houses far enough apart to prevent the occupants from intermingling too much. A distance of 100 feet each way is about right. If the corn is small when the chickens are moved upon it, it is advisable to plant some rape near the houses to prevent the chickens from injuring the corn. Another good place for the pullets is in houses colonized out in a large orchard or woodlot, where they have plenty of range, grass, and shade. If a brook or stream should wind its way through the orchard or woodlot, the location would be about ideal. Keep the grasa cut short. One year we placed our movable colony houses along the banks of a brook that never went dry. 'Here it was necessary for us to put up arti- ficial shade, because natural shade was not available. The way we did it was to make a frame 6x12 feet out of six-inch boards. ' This frame was plac‘ care of growing chicks kazemier ed on legs about 18 inches from the ground. sloping towards the south. The frame ‘was'next covered with hay- :and either: wired down or "weighed hole I! field. by Ooonhoun ll: Q'nuieim.mm11m ...'1 EM! .OIio. JUNE 26, 1915. down with fence rails or rocks. tor beans also make desirable shade. All of the movable colony houses of various sizes are blocked up from the ground about 12 inches; this provides ’ a retreat for the chicks when attack- ed by hawks or crows, and to provide shade. Growing stock in order to do well require plenty of shade, fresh wa‘ ter, and green grass. Swamp a Good Foraging Place. One year we raised our growing chicks along the edge of a swamp and to say the least, we never raised a bet- ter flock of pullets. That year it was rather dry and the greater part of the swamp was dry during the latter part of July, August and September. Early in the morning we would let the chick- ens out of their roosting'house. The way they made for the swamp was in- deed interesting. It is a fact that a good many were so anxious to get there that walking was too slow for them; so they used their wings. Every blessed one of them made straight for the swamp as soon as released from the coops in the morning. A large number of them stayed there all day and others only came up to the dry mash hoppers occasionally. So by fall a large number insisted on roosting in the trees and on brush piles in the swamp. This was a disadvantage to some extent. Another disadvantage was that weasels and minks killed a few, although we made it a point to regularly go through the entire swamp with a good dog and shot gun several times a week. In this swamp it was cool, especially the ground, and they. just loved to dig in it. Here they found all kinds of insects and bugs and had plenty of shade and water. Hopper Method of Feeding Preferred. Our growing stock is always fed'by the hopper method. A large self‘feed- ing, non~wasting, non-clogging, wood- en outdoor hopper is placed half way between two colony houses. These hoppers will this year contain the fol- lowing grain mixture: Sixty pounds of corn, kafir or mile, 30 pounds of heavy cats; 30 pounds of, barley and 30 pounds of good grade wheat screen-- ings. The following dry mash mixture is found in another compartment of the same hopper: Sixty pounds of corn, kafir, or milo meal; 60 pounds of wheat middlings, 30 pounds of wheat bran; 20 pounds of oil meal or cotton seed meal; 40 pounds of beef scrap, and one pound of salt. Grit, oyster shell, and fine granulated bone is kept before them all the time in separate compartments of the same hopper. They are fed all the milk, sweet or sour, that they will consume. New York. F. W. KAzzuuuau. DISINFECTING BEE HiVES. Last summer I lost a colony of bees which I believe died of foul brood. How can I disinfect the hive so it will be safe to put another swarm of bees into it? C E. Whenever a colony of bees die from disease, the bee-keeper should render the combs into wax, burn the frames. and then with a gasoline blow-torch. thoroughly scorch, all over, the inside of the hive body, and also the bottom board and the cover? If cloth is used as a super cover, burn this. It is not necessary to char deeply, just so long as the entire Surface is touched. Another way which some bee-keep- ers practice, and which is reliable, is to boil the cover, hive bodies, and bota tom boards for not less than ten min- utes. This is quite as effective as the former method, but generally speaking it is easier just to char the surface of the woodwork rather than to risk the wood warping by the boiling. The frames can be treated exactly the same as the hives, but in most cases it is cheaper to destroy them entirely and purchase new frames. ‘MiCh. Ag. Col. 4 0213- . F. EJMILLEN. ' ‘ VIJ JUNE 26, 1915. 31.21llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllllllllllllllllllllllfilllllllllllllHlllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllE 0 Ben ry. fillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||l|ll|lllllllI|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE. llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll CO-OPERATION BETWEEN DAIRY- MAN AND SANITARIAN. A fact that is often lost sight of when we consider the milk question from the consumer’s as well as the sanitarian viewpoint is, that dairying is not an altruistic enterprise man- aged for pleasure or for the good of the public. The fact is that a great majority of dairymen are compelled to make dairying pay in order to make a living. Some are finding it hard work to make it pay, ev in places where they are favorably located, by this I mean those having good farms and near some good market. Recent in- vestigations from several sources have plainly shown that when a farmer de— pends mainly on the sale of market milk, he does not make much more than the' hired man’s wages. In the first place, good cows are scarce and hard to get, even at good prices. It is a hard matter, unless the dairyman raises his own herd, to replace his worn-out or non-producing stock. An- other thing to‘ consider is, that the cost of feeds have increased enormous- ly during the past few years, and with- out a corresponding increase in the price of milk. The labor question is getting to be more perplexing on the dairy farm than is found with other types of farming. This is because many of our hired men of today will not hire where milking is the chief work to be done. Essentials of Profitable Dairying. To sum up, the essentials in profit- able dairy farming are as follows: First, a good fertile farm, well lo- cated in relation “to. the market it is to supply. Second, a good producing herd, and, of course, this must contain cows that are of some good strain and each cow must be' a profitable produc- er. Third, and most important of. all, a man capable of managing a dairy farm and the herd. Such men must have the ability to see that a greater part of the feed is raised upon the farm, and this is very important on any dairy farm, no matter where lo- cated. The manager must have the ability to see that this feed, once pro- duced, must be fed only to productive cows and to the best advantage, and finally he must either have the ability to produce a special milk or dairy pro- duct for which he receives a good price, or else he must raise a number of other cash crops on the farm. A good side line on many dairy farms is excellent, where the trade is not large and time permits. Of course, the lo- cation will largely govern this. Expensive Equipment Not Necessary. In considering the question of a pure milk supply, I find it is not es- sential to have an elaborate or expen- sivelequipment. It is, however, abso- lutely necessary to see that the milk- ing is done in a barn as free from dust and odor as possible, also that the cows’ udder and teats are clean, that the milkers’ hands are clean and that the milking is done in sterile pails and the milk kept cool. In brief, I would say that care and cleanliness, from ' cow to consumer, will insure a pure milk supply. There is also a co-Operative, or bet- ter still, a social duty involved in this . dairy problem. It is up to our agricultural press, and our experiment stations to show the dairy farmer haw to make his farm pay better. It is up to our sanitarians to en- lighten the ever~consuming public that ifvthey‘ want a quality product it is absolutely necessary that they be will- ing to pay a‘quality price for it, And again it is up to our dairy.in- spector not only to know theV-rulexaqof THE MICHIGAN FA'RMER the 'board ~of health, but the funda-, . mental rules. of, agriculture as .well. His attitude must not be dictatorial and that of an official, but rather he should comprehend the difficulties in- volved in making a dairy farm pay its way to advantage. If the inspector’s attitude is a little more sympathetic and helpful, the farmer will at once appreciated this and will extend to him the glad hand of a fellow worker. The Profit in Sanitary Dairying Should be Demonstrated. It is an old saying that knowledge placed into action will produce results, and it does. Now if our leaders in ag- riculture and sanitation will get to- gether and show just how pure milk can be produced at a fair margin of profit, something of great importance will have been accomplished and it will not be long until the practical dairy farmer will put that knowledge into action and a pure milk supply, better than perhaps ever before, will be the final result. ‘ Good dairy managers have done much toward the pure milk situation everywhere and let us continue to en- courage this as it is quite important to all concerned. H. W. Sworn. STREAKED BUTTER. I would like some information in regard to butter. My butter is streak- ed in spite of all we can do. We have ripened it by heat and also by letting it stand, and it is streaked either way. Macomb Co. E. L. B. Streaked butter is caused by the salt not being evenly distributed or worked through it. Stop churning when the butter comes in granules the size of grains of wheat, wash out the buttermilk and then apply the salt, stirring it in thoroughly with a wood— en work is best. Then gather in larger masses and let stand until the next day in churn or butter bowl and then rework. The reworking will dis- tribute the salt evenly and there will be no light~colowred streaks. BRICK CHEESE. I wish you would inform me as to the method of making‘brick cheese that weighs about five pounds. In what way does it differ from the large round kind? Benzie Co. A. S. W. There are numerous kinds of brick cheese, also small round ones. All cheese must be made by pressing the curd after the casein has been coagu- lated by rennet, into a solid mass. Soft cheeses are not pressed as much so are not of so close a texture. Brick cheeses areformed by means of wood- en or. metal. molds for the purpose. So are the round Edam cheese, only these molds are round. Some of the soft club cheese are simply pressed into jars, etc., and are so soft they must be eaten with a spoon. Soft cream cheese is scarcely pressed at all, simply molded with a ladle. ALLOWING CALVES TO RUN WITH DAIRY COWS. What do you think of letting a dairy cow bring up a couple of calves in- stead of milking her during the sum- mer? I am short of pasture this sea- son and haVe thought of renting from another man and having each cow feed one or two calves. This would make my work much lighter. It seem- ed tome I had read something on this subject a few weeks ago, but I fail to find the paper. - Tuscola Co. G. A. It is absolutely wrong- to allow the calves to fatten on dairy cows. It nearly always spoils the cows for dairy purposes. You cannot depend on calves to milk for you. The cow gets into the habit of .having the calf milk, and she does not like to have a man substituted its place, and she will not yield the flow of milk she would had she been milked by hand. If necessary to fatten the calves on cows this summer, I would sell both calf and'cow as soon as they get fat, for beef, unless you can afford to keep cows just to raisetthese calves: my The business man is an impor- tant factor in your daily life and happiness. He may raise wheat or cattle; he may manufacture flour or shoes; he may run a grocery or a dry- goods store; he may operate a copper mine or a telephone com- pany. He creates or distributes some commodity to be used by other people. He is always hard at work to sup- ply the needs of others, and in return he has his own needs supplied. All of us are doing business with business men so constantly that we accept the benefits of this intercourse without question, as we accept the air we breathe. Most Of us have little to do with govem- ment, yet we recognize the differ- ence between business methods and government methods. We know that it is to the in— terest of the business man to do something for us, while the function One Policy One System Doing Business with a Business Concern of the government man is to see that we do something for ourselves —-that is, to control and regulate. We pay them both, but of the two we naturally find the business man more get-at-able, more human, more democratic. Because the telephone business has become large and extensive, it requires a high type of organization and must employ the best business methods. The Bell System is in the busi- ness of selling its commodity—- telephone service. it must meet the needs of many millions of cus— tomers, and teach them to use and appreciate the service which it has provided. The democratic relation bca tween the customer and the busi-1 ness concern has been indispen- sable, providing for the United States the best and most universal telephone service of any country in the world. AMERICAN TELEPHONE .AND TELEGRAPH COMPANY .AND ASSOCIATED COMPANIES ‘ Universal Servic‘ basis on which to choose a silo filler. of line. Send for catalog of details showing 4 sizes. Guaranteed to do more and better work with less power l, than any other silo filler operating under equal conditions. That guarantee is based on what repeated tests have proved that the Appleton Silo Filler will do. By its efficiency and economy in use, its positive safeguards against breakdowns and its extra long life; the Appleton proves that Invoice-(0:! is the only sensible Solid oak frame,br_aced, bolted and mortised: impossible to pull out _ Special high-grade tool steel knives, spiraled to give clean shearingcut. 10 lengths of cut, 5-16 to 2% inches. Tremendous capacity. Posmve frictionless self feed table runs on chilled iron rollers. lever controls feed rolls and table. Independent belt driven blower.on APPLIETON 1- Silo Filler has speed adjustable to'mlnimum use of power for any height SllO. Lowdown. cut-under frame; easy to handle. Appleton Manufacturing Co.. no Fargo St., Batavia, lll. One was? ..'I' FREE book on Silage. Explains how slloing doubles teed values of crops; describes alltypesofsilos.howbullt.etc.;~ full of silage and silo factdof" real value. Sent tree-write! ' UNBREAKABLE 4 Knife Cutter Wheel Capacity Economy S a f e ty New D i if er ent SILO FILLERS AND Glazed Tile Silos rgkircgiin Home Town Illlllllllllll iE“ IIIII'I'iIll IE!» llllIIIII llEll Illllllll Illlllll ' l lllllllll HEM -‘——_" 7 liv- NO. FORT WORTH. TEXAS. 811.08 to can cost first—then yay. HOW? Ask. giving size. Kalamazoo 'Q'Eo‘ Co., Kalamazoo. Michigan MINNEAPOLIS. KANSAS cm. MINE. ‘ ' DAIRYMEN Dealers Agents ‘T ATCHEBS FLY KILLER . Be t rth- H mes’ . . 'Ponltry. Write {our 3111‘:- eaapeotal orrogositioriiatne» Government Farmers wanted ,Northyvoodifiaqntagtunng 69".} outlem;N. Y.‘ 21 to 66. ~ - ~860 t 1:10 .125 men . Age OZMENT 17 F. St. Louis. y - T H E' MIC H‘I G‘A N PA a" M a R“ U 5~ ‘ mm 2.6.1915. 3., . L, .._,., 696—8 EllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllIHIllllllllllllllllllllillllll.lilflllllllll||IllilllllllllilllllllllllIttill!llllllllllllllllilIlllillllilllllmllllll IlllllllII|IllIllilll||llllIlllllllllllllil|IllIllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllijj= g P . l S . 1 I E: A ' t1C C cc , - ' ' 1‘ 3C a , 16 -~ Heatyourflome wrth this “- ' , -. ‘ ‘. . s ‘ .1 p ' , lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllIllllillllilIIHIIlliillll1lllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllI!llllllllltll||lllillill|lllIll|lllIllIllllillIIIIINlllllllllllllllllllllil"Milling“ Plp eless . F“ rn ace THE HIGH COST OF LIVING. BY FLOYD \V. RUBISON‘. There has been given a great deal of consideration in the last few years to the question of the high cost of liv- ing among all of our people. That this condition has been as apparent on the farm as in the cities we have not doubted, although perhaps on the farm the effect is temporarily less ‘ nOti'ce‘abie. 'It is undoubtedly apparent that in any consideration of this kind a state- ment is to be viewed entirely in a comparative sense. What we mean by this is that there is no hardship in- volved “or no unusual condition brought about if the purchasing power of the fundamental unit is as great one year as it is another year; in oth- , er words, if a man’s labor for one day will purchase as great a supply of commodities one year as it does an- other then the price of those commo- dities is immaterial except in the case of persons who are out of employ- ment. The question has been asked repeatedly, “Has the purchasing pow- er of the, farm crops kept apace with the increased prices demanded?” The United States Department of Agricul- ture has undertaken to answrr this question and in the Farmers’ Bulletin No. 645, over the signature of Mr. Murray, assistant chief of the bureau, a very timely summarization of these Conditions is given. Purchasing Power of Farmers. The purchasing power of the farmer depends not only upon the money val- ue of what he produces, but also upon the money value of what he buys. From 1899 to 1909 (census years) the money value of one acre of the farm- er’s crops increased 72.7 per cent, but in the same period the money value of the articles usually purchased by the farmers had increased 12.1 per cent; consequently, as a result of the great- er increase in the price of what a farmer sold than in the price of what he bought, the net. increase in the pur~ chasing power of the produce of one acre was 54 per cent, that is, one acre of the farmer’s crop in 1909 could buy 54 per cent more of the articles usu- ally bought by farmers than in 1899. In 1913 the value of one acre of the farmer’s crops averaged about 1.2 per cent higher than in 1909, whereas the value of articles bought by farmers had advanced in the same time about 5.7 per cent; consequently, as a result of the greater increase in the price of what the farmer buys than what he sells, the actual purchasing power of one acre of the farmer’s produce in 1913 was about 4.3 per cent less than in 1909. “Similar data for 1914 have not yet been secured, but it may be safely pre- sumed that the purchasing powerof one acre of the farmer’s produce in 1914 is at least five percent less than lfive years ago In short, there was a jinaterial increase in the purchasing EpOWer“ of farmers from 1896 to 1909, but since 1909 there has been a check to this rapid increase, with some reac- ‘ tion downward. —' The above estimates are based upon "the value per acre of‘all’the important icrops combined. Considering corn, wheat, and cotton separately, it is found that the“ purchasing power of one acre of corn in 1913 was about 12 iper cent greater than'in 1912, one per lcent greater than in 1909 and 58 per lcent greater than in 1899. The pur- “ :chasing power of one acre of the 1914 corn crop is, probably about two per. cent greater than that of the 1913 crop. The purchasing power of one acre of ’wheat in 1913 was the same as in 1912, 24 per cent less than in 1909, and 40 per cent more than in 1899. The purchasing power of one acre of the 1914 wheat crop is probably about 34 per cent greater than that of the 1913 crop. ' The purchasing power of one acre of cotton (excluding the value of seed) in 1913 was three per cent less than in 1912, five per cent less than in 1909, and 40 per cent more than in 1899. The purchasing power of one acre of the 1914 cotton crop is prob- ably about 35 per cent less than that of the 1913 crop. Upon the basis of the Durchasing power of the value of one acre of pro- duce, the year 1909 stands as the most prosperous for farmers of the past 50 years for which there are records. COST OF PRODUCING FIELD CROPS. In a report received recently by the Department of Agriculture from the New Jersey Station, figures are given of costs of production of various field crops, derived from carefully kept rec- ords on the station farms. Record of a nine-acre field of alfalfa show the average cost of producing hay per acre to have been $19.17, the average cost per ton, $5.50, and the average yield per acre, 3.48 tons. Sim- ilar items of a lO-acre timothy field are given as $34.05, $8.58, and 2.98 tons; of a 14 lag-acre field of oats and pea hay, $15.80, $6.83, and 1.66 tons; of a l9—acre field of alfalfa, $12.56, $5.03, and 2.5 tons; of a lO-acre field of oat and pea hay, $14.50. $9.67, and 1.5 tons; of a six-acre field of silage, $28.88, $3.32, and 8.68 tons, and of a 24-acre field of silage corn, $29.36, $3.73, and 7.87 tons. The total cost of seeding a 141/2- acre field of timothy and clover is given as $23.10 per acre. The total labor cost of producing rye and vetch On six acres is given as $98.93 and the total income as $296.50. The average cost per acre of a 31/2-acre field of rye straw and soy beans is given as $6.15, the cost per ton as $3.40, and the yield as 1.8 tons. The total value of the crop from a 13—acre field of soy beans for seed is given as $424 and the cost of produc- tion as $207.32. The total cost of seeding a Name field of alfalfa is given as $168.42. FEEDING PRESERVED MILK TO CALVES. In trials made by the Michigan Ex- periment Station to determine the ad- visability of using formaldehyde as a preservative for skim-milk fed to four to seven-week-old calves for 24 Weeks, 71/2 cubic centimeters of 40 per cent formaldehyde being used ."to each 100 pounds of milk, it was foundthat in general the calves suffered .no dele— terious effects from the preservative, and as compared with calves fed sweet milk or sour milk, inadewslightly greater gains at somewhat lower cost. From records kept of the after devel- opment of these calves it was found that those which had been fed the pre- served milk continued to make the cheapest gains, followed by the sweet milk fed calves and the sour milk fed calves. For the entire experiment the calves fed sweet milk made a total gain of 1,997 pounds, costing 5.41 cents per pound; those fed sour milk 2,489.4 pounds, costing 5.43 cents per pound, and thOSe fed the preserved milk 2,537 pounds, costing 5.23. cents per pound. It is "believed. however, that before definite concluslons‘can be drawn the work should be carried on with a. large number of calves. - I Don’t keep an enduring the discom— forts and disadvantages of stove heat- ting. The Mueller Pipeless Furnace will give you better, evener heat at lower fuel cost. By this new system of heating every room in your house can be easily kept com- fortable. Constant circulation of fresh air gives you perfect ventilation. Mueller Pipeless Furnace Areal furnace that heats all your rooms from one cen- tral register without hot air pipes. Easily installed in any cellar no matter how smelt—can be used in homes having no cellar whatever. No alterations or tearing up walls necessary. 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Your dealer is doubtless supplied. Free Firestone Offer Send us your dealer's name and the make of your tires and we will send you, free. a fine. waterproof, rubberized Tube Bag. Every car-owner should have one. Ask. also. for our Free Book No. 2 on "The Care and Repair of Tires." Address Firestone Tire and Rubber Company "America’s Largest Exclusive Tire and Rim Makers" Akron. O—Branches and Dealer: Everywhere fijanada is Callin Yin .g’ .. to her RichWheat ands \ She extends to Americans a hearty invitation to settle on her FREE Homestead lands of 160 acres each or secure some of the low priced lands in Manitoba. Saskatchewan and Alberta. This year wheat is higher but Canadian land just as cheap, sothe Opportunity is more attractive than ever. Canada wants you to ~help to feed the-world byvt-‘illing some of her . soil-eland similar to that which during manY,Years has averaged 2010 45 bushels at wheat to the acre. Think what you can make with'wheat around $1 a bushel and land so easy to .get. Wonderful yields also. of Oats. Barley and Flax. Mixed farming is fully as profitable an industry as Brain growinc. , . _ _ t ‘ la ask marsh 1 acres The Govemmhgiiéhya year “‘3th put normed go I“ we" df r I be: to l mum in : m'mmmmllhonrv: In or- am a rep ECG man 0 n W W “nice: t’m" ' leer...” t? r sin: e... W 801! 185 exoe en , EC 00 I in ' n ‘ gilt. adVI-ibe for; literature original-dealer: as ho ”due-d! goat." rates 1:9 Superintendent Migration, Ottawa. Canada. or m M. V. MCINNE‘S,” 176 Jefienon Ave” Detroit,Mich. Can-diam Government Men‘- When - writing advertisers please mention The Michigan Farmer . _‘_l V. MagaZIne Section LITERATURE _ POETRY HISTORY an? INFORMATION PUBLI 1-5 77w FARM nor an? GIRL SCIENTIFIC 'ana MECHANICAL 'l‘lIis Magazine Section forms apart of our paper every week. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere. OLONEL RICHARD DENNIE was hurt beyond the power of words. He had been deliberate- ly snubbed by the Starcliffe Fourth of July committee. It wouldn't have cut so deep had he been consulted as to some arrangement of the program, or requested to take a seat on the plat- form. Certainly he would not go there unless invited. That he wasn’t asked to “make a few remarks to the crowd” was a bit unusual, but he wouldn’t have minded that had the committee shown some consCiousness that he was on earth. He knew the members had been in earnest consultation with the circuit judge and some of the leading lawyers many times, but not a word of advice or suggestion had any of them sought from him. The Colonel recalled that as a young man he was in demand for Fourth of July speeches, and at other occasions. Pushed Out of The Way (Fourth of July Story) By EDGAR WHITE While not boasting, he felt quite cer- tain his remarks had been appreciated. From his youth on he had always responded to the call when Starcliff required speaking or any other kind of talent. When a member of congress he had made addresses in every coun- ty of the district many times, and the people seemed delighted to arrange dates for him. Even now, since he had retired to private life, he was fre- quently requested to speak at picnics and gatherings of various kinds in other counties, but Starcliff seemed to have tired of him. Colonel Dennie reflected that he was close to 75, and that maybe his people thought he had lived five years too long, measured by the Biblical stan- dard. True, his head was clear and he was physically fit, but the world has no use for old men, he bitterly consid- ered; it thinks it they’re not dead at 70 they ought to be. W'hat made it hurt so this time was that the governor had promised to at- tend the celebration, and the affair was to be somewhat bigger than us- ual. For Colonel Dennie to have no hand in it at all would be to place upon him the seal of a man forgotten. It was a torturing thought to a man who had always cherished an abiding affection for his people. “His” people! Ah! They were his no longer; they would have none of him. Maybe the fact that Joe Sever was running things this year had some- thing to do with it. Sever was prose— cuting attorney of the county, and had congressional aspirations. He was a. tall, aggressive fellow, smart as a whip; but a Yankee! That is, he was from “Down East” somewhere. And Colonel Dennie was a “rebel” of the fighting type. But out here in the free western air men had long since buried the rifle, and taken up with the tools of peace. However, he reasoned, a Yankee never forgets, and now that one was in the saddle he would ride—- ride roughshod over old “rebels” who had fought for a principle, and when licked 'had manfully acknowledged it and said “Amen” to General Grant’s noble advice—“let us have peace!” Colonel Dennie was personally ac. lllllll|l|llll|llIIHHIIHIHHIHIH'Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll IIIHlilllllilll|Hi|illll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIl[lllIlllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllll|[III|lll|[lllIlllllllllllllllllllllllll ll“!lllllllllHIl“”I“l”Ill“lllllll“IlHIllllHIllHIHIIHHHHHHIIHI HI'HIHIIHHH!!!lllllllllllllllllllli HHHHHIilllHIIllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllll||llIllllllIll]llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllm WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES ’ iii! Uncle Jos. Cannon Celebrating his 79th Robert Lansing, Acting Secretary of Miss Genevieve Daughter 0f Speaker Birthday. State Since Bryan' s Resignation. . )wwmumxmwm W ' _.,-,- .1 - , .- ‘ v9- West Point Cadets in a Seacoast Defense Drill in which Six-inch Guns and Twelve-inch Mortars are Used. Turkish Prisoners Captured by British when Fort Sedd—el-bahr on the Dar- danelles Capitulated. Clark, who Weds June 30 Latest War Photograph of King George of England. The Bow of the “Arizona," the World’s Largest Battleship, and Miss Ross, who Christens Her June 19. Copyright by Underwood & Underwood, N. V. 6235‘ are 0a//f The standby of the thirsty—- the delight of the hot and tired --the treat for the multitude. Delicious and Refreshing Demand the genuine by full name-— nicknames encourage substitution. I "’2 ’ = youoeean. .1], is Q swam-m ,c “ g'lllilriliim‘“ THE COCA-COLA Co. ATLANTA. GA. 53! field marshal, important man in town. There was a parade out to the grove where the exercises were to be held. Joe Sever rode at the head, of course. Then came a brass band followed by an open carriage with the governor and some local dignitaries. Colonel Dennie recalled many times when he had been in that glittering carriage drawn by Liveryman Jones’ fine black But that was long ago. Today he was standing on the outskirts of the crowd, wearing an old straw hat and a patched alpaca coat. Nobody paid any attention to him. Behind the carriage marched the 10« A batch mixer that is all its name Implies— “‘80B A success Simple in construction —— easy to operate. WILL SAVE ITS COST [N 5 DAYS X \fififls , Holds 9 cu. ft. and re- f .. _‘\ quires 2 horse power ' f A‘)‘ ' engine to operate Mixes QUICKLY and PERFECTLY Built strong and durable, a weighs 400 pounds. ‘ “‘96\ Satisfaction ‘fiag s\.\\\\ Guarani Order a SUCCESS today. Catalog free. SUCCESS MFG. CO. DEPT. 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DEPT. 67. WASHIRGTON. D. 0. $2500 buys the boat clean little businaas in Central Michigan. A grand opportun- ity for retired farmer. Don't miss this chance as it isn rare one. Box 8-626, Care lich. Farmer, Der-tacit, Mich. Joe Sever rode about on horse- back, delivering orders like some great the busiest and most the national guards and a lot of school children carrying small flags. Arriving at the grounds, one of the “The Star Spangled Banner” and a medley, a little girl in white read the Declaration of Inde~ nce and a Glee Club sand a , and was encored several times. The chairs on the grandstand were all occupied by speakers or distin- guished guests. Joe Sever, who was always in evi- dence, got up and made some long winded announcements about the fire- works and music in the evening, and then said he had the pleasure of in- troducing a young man who had just come in on the train, down on the program didn’t know whether or not he would and was not because they When Sever began talking Colonel Dennie moved further back among the trees, because the Yankee’s voice ‘ irritated him. The peOple cheered enthusiastically when the young man who had just ar- rived, arose to speak. There were so many people between that Colonel Dennie could not see who it was, but in the tones sounded familiar, and he moved up a little towards the crowd, ,which was loudly cheering every now and then. “I thank God that I live in a country where I cannot be driven to war at the behest of any king or emperor, but a country in which, when its hon- or is in question, needs no order of monarch to rally its sons to its sup~ Surely—surely he knew that voice! Why, it was from a speech Colonel Dennie had once made himself! The old man who had lived too long wiped his specs and began edging up closer, and peering through the crowd. “VVhy—wbless my soull—Is it?—Can it Then when a mighty cheer broke loose he joined in: “Hurrah for you, Dickey boy!" he cried, and threw his old straw hat so high in the air that he never got it “I’ll leave it to father, there,” said the young man, pointing to Colonel Dennie, “if, should this nation ever be assailed, the old men whowere once THE MICHIGAN ‘FARME‘R quatnted with the. governor, and had been one of his staunchest supporters. He recalled that he had many kindly commonWealth’s chief , magistrate, thanking him for. his _ The governor, he knew, would be asked up on the grandstand Joe Sever would be there wearing a ' badge, and looking important; that . Most likely it was through jealousy he had ignored the governor’s old friend at Starclift. All Colonel Dennie was not the sort of man to run after anybody! If the executive met him he would glad‘ 1y shake hands and greet him warmly, but he would not seek him out. He had as much self-pride as if he were governor himself. It was a beautiful day, and people ~from the country began arriving early. . Every train brought additions to the crowd. The streets were ablaze with and hunting and noisy brass bands from all the towns in the coun- called, ‘rebels,’ in their sons, would- not be among the first to fly to arms in its defense!” “Right you are, Dickey boy!” shout- ed the old “rebel”-——“Yaaih——Yaaaaih! Yaaaaih!” ' ' Dick Dennie, Junior, had been study- ing law with a firm in the. metropolis and had come home unanounced as a surprise to his parents. By this Colonel Dennie had forgot- ten all about the gloomy reflections of the morning in the triumph his son was making, and he stood there smile ing and clapping his hands, the hap- piest man on the- grounds. He was living now in the glory of his off- J mm 26, 1915;... spring. with never .a thought of the indifference manifested toward him- self until-— “Colonel, where on earth have you been? I’ve looked for you every- where.” . Colonel Dennie stared in amazement at the raw-boned Joe Sever, who had come out into the crowd and was bold- ing him by the arm. . “I have been in town all day,” re- plied the Colonel simply. “Well, I couldn’t find you. Come up on the platform with me. I want you to introduce the governor to these people. He’s been asking about you ever since he come to town." %J__l_lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllilllllllllllllllIllIll]IllIlllll|Ill|||llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|illlIlllilllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllLEf~ s IHE RED MISI. s g— s 2 By RANDALL PARRISH. E 3: Copyright. A, C. McClurg Co. , g $1121“lill“illllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllmllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllfi CHAPTER XII.— ( Concluded). The Recognition. “Then our only means of escape is by the ladder, and we dare not ven- ture that until assured those fellows have really left. Do you hear any sound below?” We both listened in breathless sil- ence, but no noise reached us with any distinctness. I thought I caught the echo of a voice, but it sounded from outside the house—possibly someone yelling a report from the stable. “Shall I risk exploring?” I asked doubtfully. “There is surely no one on this floor except Nichols, and I judge he has been knocked out for some time. We can hardly wait here for him to recover, and give us free passage. What action do you think we ought to take?” “I certainly have no desire to re- main here longer than is necessary,” she answered calmly, “but I do not believe those men have all left the house. Some may be outside in the storm searching for trace of us, but there are others surely on guard be- low. Did you hear that, a knife fell on the floor; someone is eating in the dining-room.” “I am going to. lift the scuttle; pos- sibly some light may filter up the stairs.” I was obliged to loosen it by the in- sertion of my knife blade, yet the clamp yielded with but little noise, and I peered eagerly down the open- ing. There was a lamp burning in the lower hall, the reflection sufficiently bright to reveal the general situation. No men were visible, nor did I hear any voices in conversation. One thing was certain—the upper hall was com- pletely deserted, for I could see along its entire length. I lifted my head, and glanced back to where the girl re- mained silent, and motionless. My eyes, long accustomed to the darkness could distinguish her outlines, even the dim contour of her face. She sat upright on the rough flooring, appar- ently regarding me intently. "Do you find the way left clear?” “So far as the upper hall is concern- ed—yes. There is a light burning be- low, although I can perceive no move- ment. They may be in the dining- 1'oom, but I do not believe they will search up here again.” , d “You propose then lowering the lad- er.” The tone in which she asked these questions vexed me, her voice some- how sounded lifeless and cold. “We shall certainly be more com- fortably concealed in one of those rooms below,” I answered, endeavor- ing to speak naturally, “and better able to accept any opportunity for es- cape which may offer.” “Yes?” The slight rising inflection stung me. What did her actions mean? Why should she so suddenly assume that tone with me? The sooner I knew the better. “I beg your pardon, Miss Harwood,” I said quietly, “but I fail to under- stand why you should speak to me in this manner. You have shown confl. dence, trust, in my former efforts to serve you, and I am just as eager now to be of service.” “You mean you wish me to have complete confidence in you?” “Certainly. I can do nothing other- wise.” There was an instant of silence. in which her breathing was plainly audi- ble. Beneath the shadow of an uplift- ed hand I felt that her eyes were up- on my face. “Very well, then,” she said finally, her voice more expressive of interest. “It is surely no more than natural that I should desire to know whom I have the honor of talking with.” “But do you not know ?" “No,” firmly and decisively. “I ac- cepted you on behalf of the uniform you wore, although I could not clearly comprehend why you felt it necessary to assume the name of a brother ofl‘i- cer, and endeavor to deceive me as to your real identity. I thought there might be. a worthy reason, and so I pretended a confidence in you which I could not altogether feel. I knew you were not Charlie Raymond; there is no resemblance between you, and your explanation was lame—for there was no'other cadet of that name at West Point. You heard what those men said—.yet you go on pretending to me; thinking, perhaps, that I failed to un- derstand the meaning of their words. Xou are the officer they referred to, are you not?” “Yes; I escaped when Fox’s com. mand was attacked.” “You were an officer in Captain Fox’s troop?” “No; I joined him by accident at Hot Springs.” "Under what name?” The. utter uselessness of attempting to he was apparent. Her questions were too direct, too straight-forward. for any further evasion. The slightest quibbling now would cost me her friendship forever. If I hesitated, it was scarcely noticeable. “Under the name,” I replied, “of Charles H. Raymond, Lieutenant Third U. S. Cavalry, on recruiting service.” _ “Oh!” the exclamation burst forth 1n surprise at my frank avowal. “Then you did not make that up merely to deceive me? You had been passing under that name with others. You had taken it for a distinct purpose—a —a military purpose?” “I took it,” I said slowly, and delib‘ erately., my eyes looking steadily at her, “because I knew such‘ a Federal officer had been detailed to service in this neighborhood." She drew in her breath quickly, making a little gesture with one hand. “Then—then you are. a Confeder‘ ate?” “Yes.” ' “A spy! You: are falsely wearing that uniform! Are you—are you a soldier?” “A sergeant of artillery, Miss Har- wood,” I replied, calm and determined now that I had once made the plunge. “I have done nothing I need be asham- ed to confess. If I have taken my life in my hands to serve the cause of the South, it was in obedience to the or- ders of my superiors.” “Whose orders?” “General Jackson directly; although Robert E. Lee was present, and gave final instructions.” , “To come here secretly, in disguise, for what object?” “To learn what I could of General Ramsay’s forces in this district, and the disposition of the mountain men, and their leaders. There is, in war. nothing dishonorable in such a ser- vice. I am doing my duty as a soi- d1er.” Her hands concealed her face, and I could judge nothing as to its ex‘ pression; whether, or not, my words had any weight with her. She sat motionless, bent slightly forward. At last she said slowly: “I—I know enough of—of army life to be aware that men are not ordered to such hazardous work———tbey are ask. ed to volunteer. Only a brave man would assume such a risk; only a man who believed in himself, and his cause. I—I like you better because you have told me. I believe you are honest with me now. I did not know what to do, or what to say before. I knew you were not Raymond, and that you were ¢.\ ¢.\ JUNE'26, .1915. acting a lie—“but could not guess your purpose. What made it harder to un- derstand,” her voice hesitating slight- ly, “arose because there was some- thing about you so. oddly familiar; 1-— I felt that I ought to recognize your face; that somewhere we had met be- fore—shave we?” “Yes, Miss Noreen; Wyatt.” “Why! Why, of course!” the swift expression was one of intense relief. “How stupid of me! Oh, I am so glad that I know.” To my surprise she held out both hands impulsively. “Your being a spy doesn’t make any difference now that I know who you really are. It is no wonder I did not Eecognize you-—-why you were only a oy_n “Not when you rode by my mother and me on the pike.” “A year ago. I remember; yet I hardly, caught a glimpse of you through the dust. You were just a boy when you were here last. Why you had long curls.” “And thought Noreen Harwood the most beautiful little girl I had ever seen.” - “Oh, indeed; well, you were never nice enough to say so. All I dis- tinctly recall is that you broke my doll, and I declared I would never speak to you again.” “I hope at this time to make amends,” I hastened to say, glad that even such dim memory served to break the ice between us. “Do not let my former rudeness count against me now, Miss Noreen. I appeal for for- giveness humbly, and would even bring you a new doll.” “My wants are greater now.” “And my desire to please stronger.” She drew in her breath sharply, as though suddenly awakening to the foolishness of such idle exchange of words. “Why, how ridiculous for us to sit here talking of our boy and girl days. For the moment I had utterly forgot- ten the peril of our surroundings. Why, you—~you are in even greater danger than 1." “Oh, no; from all I have seen and heard the Cowans must be in sympa- thy with the South, or they never would have made the attack on Fox’s party, or held Lieutenant Raymond prisoner. I had considered going di- rect to Anse, revealing my identity, and demanding protection.” Her hands grasped my sleeve. “No, not that! You do not under- stand, Tom Wyatt. These men care nothing for the issues of the war. They merely use them to cover up their own lawless deeds, and to assist in working out schemes of revenge. They are neither Federal, nor Confed- erate; they are robbers; murderers, and thieves. Is Anse Cowan here to- night for any purpose but his own? You realize what that purpose is ?” “I have heard enough to make me certain," I answered. “He would force you into marriage to thus gain con- trol of this property. The killing of Major Harwood was part of the plan.” “You know then of my father’s death? You know that report to be true? Why, you said ou were with I and Tom Captain Fox at Hot prings! Is it so?’ “Yes, Miss Noreen, it is true. I saw your father’s .body, and that of his ser- vant Tom. I came across the moun- tains with the man who killed them both. I supposed him to be a scout. He called himself Jem Taylor, and when they first met your father ad- dressed him by that name. They met by appointment at a house a mile south of Hot Springs. Your father said nothing to you of such a man?” “No; I saw him but for a moment as he passed through Lewisburg on his way east. He was to meet a scout beyond the mountains, but no name was mentioned. What did the man Taylor look like?" “I described him to Captain Fox, and one of his men, a sergeant, in- stantly pronounced the fellow to be old Ned Cowan." “Ned Cowan! Why, that could not be! My father would never make an appointment alone with him. They have been deadly enemies for years.” “That may be true, Miss Noreen. I can only tell you what little I know. Your father might have been deceiv- ed; drawn into a trap. He was there apparently by appointment to confer with a man known to him as Taylor. Who Taylor really was I can not say v—but he was an enemy, not a friend, of Major Harwood. I do not insist that the fellow was Ned Cowan, but I am sure he belonged to the gang. We trailed him nearly to New River, and had gone 1nto camp amid the moun- tains when the Cowans attacked us. In my judgment the killing of your father, and the raid on this house' to. night, form part of the same plan.” ,I do not thing she was or in , al- though her face was buriedy ing her hands. I turned my eyes away, down through the scuttle hole, but nothing THE MICHIGAN FARMER Only 5% PLUS I” for the BestI‘INon-Skid” moved alon the hall below. The house seem absolutely deserted. but the lamp continued to burn, and yet, even as I felt the strangeness of such intense silence, a door slammed some where in the distance, and o gruff veice spoke. CHAPTER XIII. Waiting Next Move. NSE—Kelly, are either of you there?” There was the sound of chairs being pushed hastily back from a ta- ble, and rapid steps on the floor. “Yes; what’s wrong? Have you found something?” “Sure; Bill an’ I saw them; they were a tryin’ ter git the boss; but afore either of us could fire, they sort- er slipped ’long back 0’ ther fence, an’ got away. It’s darker’n hell out thar, an’ Bill sed fer me ter cum in yere an’ tell yer that if you 'en Kelly wud cut across the road, an’ sorter head the cusses off we’d bag the two easy.” “Whar’s the rest of ther boys ’2” “Ridin’ the Lewisburg pike accordin’ ter orders, I reckon. Leastwise we ain’t seen ’em since yer tol’ us ter watch ther stable. Bill an’ I can’t round them up alone.” “All right, Dave. Where are they now?” “In ther orchard, a creepin’ 'long the fence. Bill’s followin’ ’em up, an’ all you got ter do is run ’long the road an’ git ter the corner ahead 0’ ’em. They can’t go no other way.” I caught a glimpse of the two as they crossed the lower hall hurriedly. The lamp flickered in the draft of the opened door, and one fellow swore roughly, as he stumbled over some ob- stacle. Then the door closed, and the flame steadied. In the silence we could hear again the beating of rain on the roof overhead. “Who do you suppose they could have seen?” she asked. “Shadows likely enough. Let them hunt. We know now the house is de- serted, and can find more comfortable quarters—perhaps even slip away be. fore anyone returns. You will go with me?" “Of course; I am not afraid of Tom ‘Wyattf’ “You were once, young lady—down by the old mill.” She laughed, as if the suddenly re- vived memory had driven the serious- ness of the present situation from mind. “When I thought you an Indian? Oh. I have entirely recovered from that fear. I am even going to confess I liked you then.” “Good! and now?” “That is my secret, sir. Is it not enough to compel me to companion with a rebel spy, without asking im- pertinent questions? Let me help you with the ladder." We passed it down slowly, and care- fully, until the lower end rested se- curely on the floor below. If Nichols had recovered from the effect of the severe blow, he had made no sound. and I had almost forgotten his pres- ence. I drew back, and permitted the lady to descend first, holding the up- per supports firmly until her feet touched the floor. It was a struggle for me to force my larger bulk through the narrow opening, but I succeeded finally, and stood beside her. In the brighter light I could per- ceive more clearly the expression of the girl’s face, and realized the friend- liness of her eyes. My frank confes- sion had won me her confidence: no matter where her sympathy might be 1n this war struggle my allegiance to the cause of the South was no serious barrier between us; even the fact that I was masquerading there in a stolen uniform; and under an assumed name. had not greatly changed her trust in an old playmate. My heart beat fast- er to this knowledge, yet, in some way, although I rejoiced, the recogni- tion brought with it a strange embar- rassment. To her I seemed to be only the boy Tom Wyatt, grown up. She met me in the same open-hearted. careless manner of our childhood—as though it was only yesterday when we played together. But to me she was no longer the girl who ran and laugh- ed——she had changed into a woman; and my heart throbbed to the glance of her eye, my blood stirred to the touch of her hand. The very ease with which she appeared to resume the old careless relationship brought to me a pang of regret. I was not a bOY. nor content that she should re- gard me from that standpoint. “It sounds as though the storm was harder than ever," she said. “Where shall we go?” "My choice would be to hide in one of these rooms, for the present, at least. We could scarcely hope to get the horse out of the stable unseen. and. even if we did, we would be like- ly to ride into some of the gang.” “But they will return to the house." (To be continued). Note the following table of comparative prices on non-skid tires. Columns headed and "D" represent four highly-advertised tires: “A," ‘lB." 01c” 11~699 # RACTICALLY all Non-Skid Tires that make serious claims to non-skid efficiency cost you 10% to 30% more than Plain Tread Tires of same brand and material. Goodrich Safety Tread Tires cost you only 5% more than our plain tread tires. ' Here’s how and Why! 9 fl 5 FORTY—F IVE years of Rubber working" (in what is now the World 3 largest Rubber Factory) has taught us a few Kinks and Shortv cats that are not common to theTrsde. One of these now comes to the help of your Pocket—book. Through the simple process of Think- ing Hard (and being Candid with ourselves) we have found a Short-Cut to make the 5!!! Safety Tread ever put on aTirc cost us only about 5% more than it costs us to make the Plain-Tread of similar quality. By testing out these Goodrich Safety- Tread Tires on a large number of Taxi- cabs (where they could be competitively observed and carefully checked up at the end of each day’s use) and by comparing their actual performance with that of our own, and other Plain-Treads, of much higher price, we have had this fact forced upon us— Viz: --That there is SURPRISINGLY mare Mileage, in Goodrich Safety Tread Tires, than in our own, or any other, make of Plain-Tread Tires. SO MUCH more Mileage, for only 5% more Cast looked so good to us that we decided to give Car Own- ers the benefit. Size “3‘33? OTHER MAKE-5 Here‘s what we now offer-you! “u" "A? “B” “C” “D” The boat Non-Skid Safety 30x3 3 9.45 10.55 $10.95 $16.35 $13.10 Tread ever put on the market. 30.13% 12.20 13.35 14.20 21.70 23.50 and It costs you.only5%,more 32x3x 14.00 15.40 16.30 22.85 25.30 than our best plum tread ure- 34x4 20.35 22.30 23.30 31.15 33.55 , 361nm 28.70 32.15 33.60 41.35 41.40 The B. F. GOOdI'ICI'I Co. 3715 33.90 39.80 41.80 49.85 52.05 AKRON,OH|O GOODRICH ”may TIRES More L...__ USE Ml Money fr___9_n_l_ Wheat Our free wheat bulletin tells how to select I and apply fertilizer for biggest profits. Write THE MIDDLE WEST SOIL IMPROVEMENT COMMITTEE $7.46 per acre profit, over and above the} cost of fertilizers was obtained from the use: of fertilizers on wheat on farms in 10 Indiana Counties when wheat sold at $1 per bushel. 11% bushels increased yield per acre was ob-g, tained from fertilizers. (See Indiana Experiment Station Circular No. 23. Revised Edition, July, 1912). . MA, M as: - at; 01‘ the National Fertilizer Motion 0| 8 POSTAL TELEGRAPH BUILDING CHICAGo Plantfood Pauoo Promofl'ly'o Path igan menw-sizos ranging from 3 to 24 inches. Write for car cad prices. American Sewer Pipe 60., 200 St. James Ave.. Jackson. Mich. cmoau maps me 1 fl m ,_ IIIIIIIIIIIII-IIIII-IIIII.-. TILL MORE FARM LAND Make Your Land Work ”for You Make 0V0?! available acre of your farm work for you. bigger and better oropo~oommand a higher price for your produce. Drain Your Farm Land Use Our perfect. VITRIFIED SALT GLAZED DRAIN TI E mode in llohim-by Niob- Inoreuo your earning capacity-raise THE MICHIGAN FARMER JUNE 26, 1915. Prevent Fly Eggs‘ From Hatching After exhaustive tests, ex- perts in the United States Department of Agriculture have discovered Borax to be thel most effective agent in revent-l ing the hatching of fly eggs. 20 Mule Team Borax —the same Borax you have used 1n your home for years —will be found invaluable in ridding your premises of this post if you follow these simple I . . Directions I. Apply 2 ounces of 20 Mule ivj‘ Team Borax to the can of gar- ‘ . , bage daily, through a fine ; sieve or flour Sifter. Apply in the same way, 10 ounces of 20 MuleTeam Borax ' to 8 bushels of fresh manure. *. and sprinkle 0‘« with 2 to 3 gal- ' . ions of water. For Sale by All Abolish Your unsanitary Outhouse 1 Don’t further endanger family health with the “filthy. disease- breeding .—, outbouse. cesspool an eewer—emoy a health- protecting city comfort— sanitary and odorless, the Kaustine Closet System Costa ofraction over a penny I day to 0pcr rate --- and no water. no sewer noplumbing. Enthusiastically endorsed by school board s-«urge ed b . Inexpensive tooua any lulu can inutall. 'l'a nk emptied In 20 minuter-twice yearly Forfarmand vill ehomen. Ichooie.churehea, actories. Sandfor vartwulan-wur representative will call. MUSTWE “Nth”- Dept. 1099 | A sample 1915 model "R. or" Ibicycle. on4 , Wenpmul and 30 DAYS “ML 1 Writ. I! on“ for large Illusthled click): "1’ showing rrm plm Inn: of bicycles. tires and supplies. ’ it and particulars of moat mar-12km: of" ever nude \‘ .H,‘ on a bicwle You will be astonished at our 0 Hi , ,.v',l1. 1" I} money taking orders for Bicycles, TM and I, _ Sundries from our big catalog ‘ Do business direct with the lending bicycle house In AmericL D0 "0‘ bu Until you km win I], we can do for you. WRITE TO Uys W . g 11:11 GIGLE co.,n:1i.n-n 11111111110 5 DAISY FLY KILLER swarm-:1: OI. Neat,clean.ol- . S 3 ,:\W[,: mmental. convenient. cheap. L.l%l A“ lesson Made 0! metal, can't spill or tip over; will not soil or injure anything. Guaranteed ellectivg ‘ Sold by Dealers or 0 rent prepaid for 3!. low W3 and remarkable term. RIDER AGENTS WlnlOd—Boys. nuke “-1 Get All The Cream 1 1" Cleveland Cream Separators get all the cream. They are guaran- teed. They run easier, They last longer. Fewest parts to clean. They cost less because they get all the cream. Agents wanted. The Cleveland Crcnin Separator Co. 1011 i’owor Ave. .. Cleveland, Oiiio T's funny about the Horton fam- ily,” remarked the woman of a philosophical turn of mind, “there is Elsa, the youngest girl. She’s a sel- fish little piece, never does a bit of work about the house and thinks of nothing but clothes and having a good time. Yet the whole family adore her. They work their fingers off so she won’t have to soil her pretty hands and do without all sorts of pleasures to spend money on her. Even the help wait on her hand and foot, and the cook never minds if she has to get breakfast for her at ten o’clock six mornings out of seven. “But Mary, the older girl, doesn’t seem so popular. Yet you’d think she would be the best liked. She is al- ways at work about the house and lies awake nights so as to be sure to get up in time for breakfast. She never makes a bit of extra work or teases for new clothes when she knows her father is hard pressed for money. She is just as conscientious as she can be, but none of them ever want to do any- thing for her and the girl is mad if she is 15 minutes late in the morning. “You’d thing it would be the other way a10,und w’ouldn t you? That Mary would be favo1ed and Elsa disliked. I suppose it is because Elsa is always good-natured and jolly and has a gay word for everyone. She keeps you feeling happy, so you don’t mind hu- moring her. But Mary is quiet and rather inclined to be fretty. She is always worrying over something and sort of keeps things stirred up trying to get them all to do their duty. Some- times you wonder if it doesn’t pay to be selfish, you certainly get more out of life.” We all have Elsas and Marys in our . midst; yes, verily, in our own fam- ilies. There is always one who slips easily out of all unpleasantness with the hearty support and co—operation of the whole family, 01‘ most of it. Oc- casionally the Marys rebel and insist that the Elsas shall do their share of the drudgery, but it always ends by Eisa’s being given a new dress or a. hat or a box of candy to make up to her for Mary’s crossness, and Mary goes on and does the work. Sometimes the Marys wonder if, after all, it pays to have a conscience. They think bitterly, that “them as has gits,” and decide that they, too, like the Elsas, will be selfish and Shirk and demand things as though they were theirs by divine right. But they nev- er succeed in putting it over. Nature has not given them the confident, smiling way of gaining their point which Elsa knows to perfection. The Marys have been so long in the habit of beseeching that they do not know how to take, and if they demand it is with a sullen air which invites refusal. So they relapse into their old ways again either” in sullen silence or with an attempt at making the best of it, according to the extent of their-in- ‘ juries. There is but one thing for the Marys to do, and that is to reflect that “life is more than meat and the body than raiment,” or, in more modern phraseology, that character is of more real importance than pleasure. Elsa is having her good time now but she . is growing up into a spoiled, selfish woman who will never be anything but a parasite, a woman Who, when she marries for, of course, she will marry, ‘ will keep her husband’s nose to the grindstone and turn her children over Pleasures Come High to Aunt Mary to take care of, and of course she will. Elsa is almost morally certain to be as cordially detested when she is thir- ty as she is adored when she is eight- een, for the thing which is forgiveable in a bright young girl is absolutely without excuse in a woman who is of mature years. Almost certain to be detested, and yet, she may not be. For there are some women who have the knack of keeping it up all their lives, and still being petted and admired; wives who never pretend to do even a tenth of their share in the matri- monial bargain, and yet are adored and petted by their husbands. While the wives who carry nine-tenths of the load look on and gnash their teeth and wander why they, who do so much, get so little thanks Perhaps the secret of it is Elsa’s good nature. She always is smiling, and Mary must admit that she, her- self, inclines a bit to the raspy side. Hard work is not conducive to good temper and Mary certainly works hard. Perhaps she might, with profit, take a leaf from Elsa’s book and shirk just a little, just enough so she would have time to be light-hearted. For wrong as it may be, man, and woman, too, is always ready to pay high for the thing which gives pleasure, while ignoring the bread and butter side of life. Ballet dancers draw $2,000 a week, you know, while clergymen are content to preach to empty seats f01 $500 21 year. Max-y might reflect on this when she wonders why Elsa is so well treated. DEBORAH. TRIED STRAWBERRY RECIPES. As a change from strawberries and cream, serve the berries unhulled around a mound of powdered sugar. Select only the most perfect berries, wash carefully and arrange in individ- ual di hes. u have ice, several delicious ay be made with strawber- T e easiest of these is straw- usse. For this whip one pint of cream, add one-fourth cup of pow- dered sugar and two cups of mashed strawberries. Pourinto a mold, pack in crushed ice and salt and let stand until solid. About four hours is re- quired. Strawberry ice is made by boiling one quart of water with one pound of sugar 20 minutes, and adding two cups of mashed strawberries. When almost frozen add the stiffly beaten whites of two eggs and finish freezing. Frappes are half frozen ices. Straw- berry frappe may be made by boiling one pint of sugar and one quart of wa- ter only five minutes, adding two cups of mashed straWberries and freezing just to a mush. To make strawberry iCe cream add two cups, 01 one pint, of crushed stiawberiics to one quait of plain ice cream and freeze The best ice cream is made simply of sweet eieam flavor- ed and sweetened to taste and then frozen. A delicious sauce for plain ice cream is made by adding a cup of c1ushed strawberries to one cup cf simple syrup. Chill the sauce before serving. Strawberry shrub is a delicious sum- mer drink. To make it’ pounds of stravvbe1ries in a large crock and pour over them two quarts place 12 _ of cold water. covered with a plate, through a flannel bag, add one and a. half pints of sugar to every pint of juice, stir .until dissolved and bottle. Strawberries are best canned in the Let stand 24 hours, then strain jars. Allow half as much sugar as berries by weight, arrange in layers in the cans, stand on a layer of straw in the bottom of the boiler, pour in cold water to the top of the jars, and bring the water to a vigorous boil. Then re- move the jars, fill up to the top with hot syrup or with the fruit from one or two cans, and seal. In making preserves allow equal weights of sugar and berries. Sprinkle the sugar through the fruit and let stand two hours. Then bring slowly to the boil, simmer until the syrup be- gins to thicken and can. For jam add five pounds of sugar to eight pounds of mashed berries. Cook slowly for a half hour, stirring almost constantly and store in jelly glasses. Or the fruit may be first cooked, put through a sieve, the sugar added and then cooked down. HOME QUERIES. Household Editor: ——Could anyone tell me where I can get sale for geese feathers?—Mrs. J Send self— addressed stamped envel- ope for reply. We can not furnish names of business firms in this col- umn. Household Editor: —Will you please publish a recipe for canning strawber- iies without heating same?——Mrs. A. A. Plainwell. I have no such recipe. Household Editor:—Will you kindly tell me if one can salt and smoke pike, pickeiel and brook trout? And if so give me the exact proportions of salt to use and how to pack them af- tel salting. Kindly answer this through the Michigan Farmer as there are a number of readers who are much interested in this besides me. I do enjoy the Woman’s Department and have received so many helpful ideas Thanking you, and assuring you I shall gieatly appreciate any in- formation you can give me, I remain, sincerely y,ours Mrs. J. B I looked through 40 books on cook- ery and could find no recipe. Finally secured the below directions from a. man who has been in the fish business 30 years. Clean the fish thoroughly and lay down in a weak brine three or four days. Then pour off this brine, wash the fish in clear water, and rinse out the jar or keg. Then lay down again in a brine strong enough to float a potato, and keep in a cool place. Fish salted this way will keep indefinitely. Fish may be smoked but will only keep a few days. They are soaked over night in a weak brine, then smoked as you do hams. Thank you for your kind words. Household Editor2—What is the best way to roast peanuts?——W. D. I have been unable to find any print- ed recipe for roasting peanuts. Many housekeepers roast them in the oven in any baking- dish, trying them occa- sionally to see if they are done In big establishments they are roasted by bushels in specially built roasting machines. ‘ Jelly Roll—One and one-half cups of sugar, three eggs, half a. cup of SWeet milk, one teaspoon of lemon ex- tract, two rounding teaspoons baking powder, two level'cups flour. Beat thoroughly and spread very thin in the pan to bake. While baking, beat the jelly and have everything in read- inés’s, as it must be rolled while hot to prevent cracking. Too much bak— ing powder makes a cake coarse-grain- edH—Mrs G. \ia ’ Grange. hing Vote of thanks was given Pleasant with prayer. JUNE 26, 1915. THE MICHIGAN FARMER EMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIK!IlllllllllIIIIIIIIllllllllllllIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIiij; Ellllll|IlIlIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllng is Grange. g gFarmcrs Clubs—g EllllllllIllllllllllIllllIIlllllllll|IlllIllllllIIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIE-JE? Ell“IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIE STATE GRANGE OFFICERS. Address all communications relative to the organization of new Clubs to .Master—john C. Ketcham, Hastings. Mrs. J. S. Brown, Howell, Mich. ' Overseer—C. H. Bramble, Tecum— se Associational Motto: “The skillful hand with cultured mind is the farmer’s most valuable h. _Lecturer—Dora. H. Stockman, Lan- Sing. Secretary—Jennie Buell, Ann Arbor. Treasurer—Frank Coward, Bronson. Executive Committee—C. S. Bart- lett, Pontiac; Geo. B. Horton, Fruit Ridge; J. W. Hutchins, Hanover; W. F. Taylor, Shelby. A REQUEST FROM THE SECRE- TARY. In a general discussion at the 1914 annual meeting of the State Associa- tion of Farmers' Clubs the plan of _ Gratiot Pomona met with Pleasant changing the place of meeting of the Valley Grange May 29 at 10330- All State Association was advanced. It the business session it was decided to was voted to leave this question of h01d the August meeting With Sumner changing the annual meeting place to After the bUSiHGSS 59531011: be discussed in local clubs and voted the meeting adjourned for dinner. on at the 1915 annual meeting. Each The afternoon 5955mm was an open local club should discuss this question 01113. With an attendance 0f over '200- at some meeting before the delegates The Bohemian 01131195“? furnished for the State Association are elected, splendid music and responded to em and instruct such delegates as to the core time and again. BTO- F- G- Pal- wishes of the club in this matter. mer gave a short talk on the first Po- Not all the local clubs in the state mona and told who were some 0f the are included in the membership of the officers Very few attend now who State Association. It is hoped that were the most ardent workers. MOSt every club in the state not now affiliat- have answered the final call to "eSt- ed with the organization will also dis- J- 0- Ketcham as usual delivered a cuss this question to the end that a. practical talk in his pleasing energetic better realization of the more efficient way. Some do not realize the import— work which could be done through the ance of agriculture. If the cities were medium of the state organization with wiped out we would still eat. Did not the co-operation of every club in the think the farmer was in at the hear- state may be brought about. ing of public questions. Only eighteen MRS. J_ S. BROWN. farmer members of congress. Danger Associational Secretary. in having too many tenant farmers. In the rural districts is where every moral question gets the most support. One-half of the saloons in the state Mothers’ Day.—-The June meeting of are found "1 Wayne county. Commu- the Washington Center Farmers’ Club nity work instead of individual work. was held at “Shadelands,” with Mr. Only 30 per cent of the farmers live and Mrs. 0' J._Canipbell. T1115 was a th' fam a (1 ar ut f debt mothers meeting, and was opened on eir r n e 0 0 ' With Singing by the Club, “An Echo Farmers only make ~01 or -04 per cent of the Past.” Roll call was responded and have to pay .06 to .0711? at. the to with “Early Recollections of Moth- - - er." Mrs. French gave a select read- banks. Will not hire much money to ing entitled, “Mother,” and a select (10 business With under those CODdi- reading on the Salne Subject was glV' tions. Work to democratize civiliza- 911:1 ill, I”Mrs? (giiowel. The tqpestion, ' - . “ o e s .ro ems," was acen up tion, bring .to' the aveiage what has and discussed by the mothers present. been the priV1lege 0f the few. “My Experience with Agents,” led by After a piece of music Mr. Grawn Mrs. W. C. Long, and discussedby all gave a short talk, inviting us to come brought out many funny inCidents. t h 1 t Mt Pl t t This closed the program. The soc1al 0 our SC 00 a ' easan nex hour is always enjoyed. also the ice winter, when there WOUId be three cream and several kinds of cake days’ school for the young farmers which \gere servefad.d tilt numlgertof the . . _ Club 1a ies signi e ieir in en .ion 0 and three days .Of lectures on dgllmil register and vote on the question of tural and soientific subjects. He said bonding the township, as they might in Norway congress voted to give 20 never have this privilege again. The ’ ' 0 Jul meetina will be held at Elmwood years credlt at '02 per cent “1th the Wiilrl Mr. and Mrs. s. N. French on the privilege of paying one-fourth in ev- second Thursday in the month—Cor. ery five years. Thought that if our Sec. country would do likewise instead of Children’s Day exercises of the Ray paying $75,000 for a public building Farmers’ Club were held Thursday, . June 10, at the home of Mr. and Mrs. where $25’000 would do JuSt as well, H. E. Mills, with a special program by it would save the congested affairs in the children. After the business ses— the cities and be for the best interests sion was disposed of_ the program was of 311 taken up by the preSident, J. A. Priest. I - . - . . Recitations by the children were the Followmg this Mrs. Jennie Muscott feature of the program. The Club was gave a fine paper in memory 0f 0111‘ then favored by several musical selec— deceased niembers_ tions. After thia 1(riirogi'arln hatd been - - . completed the Cii ren p aye games At this. “me MI“ Ketcham t00k the on the spacious lawn until driven in opportunity to thank the Pomona for by the rain. A sumptuous supper was the beautiful flowers sent to him, and fiervetti E0 75 membgrs fapfii friends. - .- _ av ee 5 very prou o e coming told how they were distributed so 0th generation, as they are a very enthu— ers might share hls pleasure. siastic lot of children. The Club ad- A song by little Ruth Edmonds was journed until the picnic in August. at highly appreciated. the grove of Mr. and Mrs. Seward In- “Diseases and Prevention of Some gafbgzw—llllllresetfihMIOELZStl’OSOiZieiSnetfe-zrs - - v v . , . , I .— . in Gram’ by OVld Seaman “as very of the gCeresco Farmers’ Club met at mStI'UCthe. and a song by W. A. “700d the pleasant home of Mr. and Mrs. J was much enjoyed. A. Shlultz. May 26Thf0rftthe regular .. . . month y meeting. e a ernoon. pro- On suggestion of Bro. Caiter a me gram was opeded by the preSident Thomas and Clara Hug- Valley Grange for their efforts in mak- gett gave two 1%}in giolfifnfand 31:30 ‘ ' selections. Mr. ’00 ru avore 6 minus Fine-0f thf beSt Ponionas ever. company with fine readings. Clara reel ation, The Whistling Bri- Huggett and Martha Haddock played GRATIOT POMONA MEETING. CLUB DISCUSSIONS. "grade,” by Velma,Hanley, was one of two excellent ducts and Mrs. Thomas the best numbers on the program. At Taylor gave two fine readings. the ' “ r he Hills from the the close of the afternoon program the £222. ballréisegqveMI-t, Waterson who. Grange was called again in fifth de‘ with her family, has been spending gree work and 14 members were in- the past two years in the 'XeSt' gave structed in the work. a very interestmg talk on Our Trip . " ‘ 11 included a tri down It was, decided to meet a tent on Sigmgoasflaliid a visit to thepexposi- the fair grounds during the county tion. Mr. Bartram, our‘milk inspector, fair. Bros. Carter, Wood and M. C. gave a fine paper on ‘Qur Mil Sup- Lake were appointed a committee to .which was very beneficial to all was look after the same. opened by Dr. Powers, of Battle Creek. ply,” and a discussion on this subject - No Home Complete Withouta Piano The piano is to-day recognized the world over as the greatest of all musical instruments. No home is complete withOut one. No home is happier than that in which the piano is appreciated for the inspira- tion and good cheer it brings as the center of a musical circle. It is an ever present source of delight to , .1. ._ every member of the family. ;; - " The Bush & Lane Is the F ineSt Home Piano‘ The real test. of a piano is its bone quality. The tone quality of the Bush & Lane piano is pronounced by experts to be the purest. the most oven and the most lasting of any piano made. The purpose of the makers of the Bush «5: Lane piano is to produce an instrument that has no equal. The materials used are the best. that can be found in the supply markets. the methods of manufacture are the most, modern. and the workmen are skilled mechanics. As a. result of this care. the Bush & Lane piano is absolutely perfect in its musical qualities and thoroughly reliable in every part of its construction. It is built to give good music for a. lifetime. It is the piano for you to buy to get your money’s worth. You may find cheaper pianos and you may find higher priced ones. but in none will you find as good. honest value and musical superiority as in the Bush ti; Lane. Fully Guaranteed by the Manufacturers If no Bush & Lane dealer in your town. write for catalogue and information as to how you can get a Bush & Lane piano for your home. BUSH & LANE PIANO COMPANY, Dept. D, Holland, Mich} New Century Flour is rapidly making fast friends of new users Get in line with the best. cooks oltho lund by ordering a sack of “NEW CENTURY" ——the flour that Delights Particular Housekeepels Finest. Spring \Vheat—milled by most. modern methods and by men who have devoted their lives to producing fine llour -—— these are the things that. go to_ make “NEW CENTURY” the best flour that money can buy. Order your trial sack today. .. Nor bleached. Insist on the sack with Our Dainty Maid." Most grocers sell it. General Sales Agents: New Century Co., Detroit With Branches a! POKTHURON. BAY Cl”. GRAND RAPIDS. SAGINAW ”OUR DAINTY MAID" Buys Pipeless 75 Furnace f » Readylo SelUu‘ Astounding! Complete Furnace at Stove Price, and as Easy to Set Up ' I ‘HIS is an entirely new offer from the great Kalamazoo factory. Write at once and get complete proposmon With trial offer. Positively highest quality eating plant made. Set up in a jiffy—save $40 to $50 or more in installation and plant—no pipes except smoke pipe—one register— heats the whole house with warm air—heals every room. Price quoted is total cost-we pay freight—start shipment within 24 hours —satisfaction or money back—cash or easy payments. Mail postal today-ask [or Plpelcss Furnace Circular No.909 Kalamazoo Stove Co., Mfrs., Kalamazoo. Mich. 300.000 Families Using Kalamazoo Stoves. Ranges, Gas Stoves. Furnaces. Metal Kitchen Kablneis and Tables ‘A KGIGNGZQQ Direct to You" Trade Mark Registered Every Farm Home Can Now Enjoy Complete Sanitation Comfort Convenience install 3 Wolverine Chemical Close! in your house and t rid of the lusnnltary. dlseuo.breod' t. . no WATER on saw”. CONNECTION REQUIRED. ‘hsugucgi’a‘filfa describes outfits for any house. summer comma. school church. or factory. Write for it today BAIL STEEL riooucrs to. 709 E. Main St., Lansing, Mia. REE Catalogue upon request AGENTS WANTED / (”I 7&2‘414 . |lllllllllllllllllIll!llllllllllllHllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllIlllllllllll|llIIIIIIIIIl|IIIllIIllllllllllllllllllllllfl Markets. Ell"II|II|lllIll|I|lllIlI||l|llll|llIIIlIIllI|IllllIllIllIllIlllll|lIII||IIIIIIIlllllllllllllllflllllllllllfllllllllfi W EATH ER FOR ECAST. IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Weekly weather forecast of the U. 8. Weather Bureau for region of the Great Lakes for week beginning Wed- nesday, June 23, indicates fair weath- er will continue until about Friday, when a brief shower period may be ex- pected. Showers are probable again on Tuesday the 29th. An average tem- perature will prevail. GRAINS AND SEEDS. June 22, 1915. Wheat.———Although prices have fluc- tuated considerably the average shows a steady market most of the past week. Cool weather has been ideal for maturing the large crop now grow- ing in this country, which with the sudden cutting off of foreign demand and the selling by speculators who found themselves over supplied, has given the trade into the hands of the bears. The harvestng season will be earlier than usual in the winter wheat region having already begun in sec- tions of Missouri, Illinois and Indiana. Some new wheat from the southwest has already reached St. Louis. Where threshing is on yields are exceeding the estimates. The visible supply de- creased over 2,000,000 bushels last week. One year ago No. 2 red wheat was quoted at 90%0 per bushel. Quo- tations for the past week are as fol- lows: No.2 No.1 Red. White. July. Wednesday ..... 1.17 1.14 1.04 Thursday ...... 1.16 1.13 1.03% Friday ......... 1.17 1.14 1.05% Saturday . . . .1.17 1.14 1.05 Monday ........ 1.15 1.12 1.03% Tuesday ........ 18% 115% 1 07 Chicago—July wheat $1.01%; Sept. 9.7c; I)ec., $1.02%. Corn.—-Corn has advanced in face of the easier trend of wheat prices. This is due largely to the poor out- look of the present crop. From the important corn growing states reports are coming forward of the sickly ap- pearance of the new plants. Re-plant- ing has been general and this second crop is not doing well. The stand is the poorest it has been in many years. The visible supply decreased 834,000 bushels. One year ago No. 3 corn was quoted here at 72%c per bushel. Prices for the past week are: No. 3 No. 3 Mixed. Yellow. Wednesday 76% 771/2 Thursday 77 78 Friday .............. 7‘7 78 Saturday 77% 78% Monday ..... 77 78 Tuesday ...... . . . . . . 76% 77% Chicago.——July corn 7270; Sept. 720 per bushel. Oats.—There has been a compara- tively small amount of business done in this market and values are holding about even with those of a week ago. The visible supply decreased 1,326,000 bushels. The primary receipts are in moderate volume. The new crop is in fair condition. The local price one year ago for standard oats was 42%c per bushel. Quotations for the past week are: No. 3 Standard. White. \Nednesday ......... 51 50% Thursday ........... 51% 51 Friday .............. 51% 1 Saturday ........... 52 51% Monday ............. 51% 51 Tuesday ............ 50% 50 Chicago—July oats 43.60; Sept. 38.1c per bushel. Rye.~This cereal shows a decline of two cents during the week, No. 2 rye, now selling at $1.12 per bushel. The market is inactive. Beans.—The demand for beans is light and prices are down 5c since last week. Detroit quotations: Cash $3; July $3.05. Chicago trade is quiet and steady. Pea beans, hand—picked choice, quoted at $3.18@3.25; common $3@3.15; red kidneys $3.25@3.65. CIoverseed.—There is little interest with prime spot quoted at $7.90; Oc- tober at $8.40 and prime alsike at $7.90 per bushel. Timothy—Prime seed is inactive at $3 per bushel. FLEUR AND FEEDS. Flour.—-—Jobbing lots in one-eighth paper sacks are selling on the Detroit market per 196 lbs., as follows: Best patent $6.30; seconds $6; straight $5.28; spring patent $6.60; rye flour 6. . Feed.—-In 100-lb. sacks, jobbing lots are: Bran $25: standard middlings $29; fine middlings $32; cracked corn $33; corn and oat chop $30 per ton. Hay.——Market is steady. Carlots on track at Detroit are: No. 1 tim- THE MICHIGAN FARJlME-R othy $18.50@19; standard $17.50@18;~ No. 2, $16.50@17; light mixed $17.50 @18; No. 1 mixed $16@16.50; No.‘ 1‘ clover $14@14.50. New York.,—Steady. No. 1, $24; No. 2, $23. , Straw.—~Rye straw $8@8.50; wheat and cat straw $7@7.50 per ton. DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS. Butter.——Market is steady with only slight change in prices. Extra cream- eery 27c; firsts 25%c; dairy 21c; packing stock 19%c. Elgin.——Trade is slow with plenty of goods available. Quotation for the week is 26 %c per pound. Chicago—Market is ruling steady at prices the same as last week. De- mand is good and liberal quantities are going to storage. Extra cream- ery 27c; extra firsts 26@26%c; firsts 24%@25%c: seconds 23@24c; pack- ing stock 200. Poultry.—Market is firm and quiet with no change in prices except broil- ers which are lc lower. Live—Broil- ers 24@25c; hens 14c; ducks 17@ 17%c; geese 10@1lc., Chicago—Light receipts has caused an increase in prices for springers and has kept the market firm. Fowls, good weights 13%c; spring cihckens 2 lbs. and up, 24@250 per 1b; 1 lb. to 1% lbs., 21@22c; small 20c; ducks 13c; young ducks 1%@2 lbs. 15@16c; geese 8@9c; guinea hens $2.75@3 per dozen. Eggs—No change in prices. Mar- ket is firm. Fresh stock sells at 180 per dozen. Chicago—The market is ruling firm at unchanged prices. Offerings liberal and demand fair. Miscellaneous lots, cases included, 16@17%c; ordinary firsts 16@16%c; firsts 17%@17%c. Veal.——Quoted steady at 11%@120 for fancy, and 10@1lc for common. Honey.—-Choice to fancy white comb 14@150; amber 8@9c; extracted 5@6c per pound. Cheese—Wholesale lots: Michigan flats 13%c; New York flats 14%@150; brick 14%0; domestic Swiss 19@21c; long horns 150; daisies 15c. FRUITS AND VEGETABLES. Apples—Firm and supply limited; season is about over. Baldwins are quoted at $5.75@6 per bbl; Ben Davis $3.50@3.75. . Chicago—Apples are scarce and are firmly held. Northern Spy are quoted at $7@10 per bbl; Ben Davis $3.50. Strawberries—Active and steady. Receipts and demand good. Michigan 16-qt. cases sell for $1.50. Chicago—Market is easy and re- ceipts plentiful. Prices are lower. Michigan 16—qt. cases, dark color $1.25 @140; light color $1@-1.25. Potatoes—Market easy with prices lower. Quoted at 25c per bushel in sacks. At Chicago the market is oversupplied and weak. Prices are lower. Michigan white in bulk are quoted at 20@30c per bushel. ' WOOL. Boston—The wool situation is grow- ing stronger every day. Whenever the mills need wool they go into the market and buy seemingly regardless of the price. Both the manufacturers and dealers believe in higher prices later on. Growers who are holding their stock of wool are taking an even more optimistic view of the situation than they held earlier in the season. In the fleece states farmers are gener- ally getting around 300 for their offer- ings. Boston quotations for Michigan wools are: Unwashed delaines 26@ 270; do. combing 29@34c; do. cloth- ing 24@30c. GRAND RAPIDS. Strawberries are in good supply this week, the bulk of the stock going at $1.25@1.50 per case Monday. Cher- ries are also coming in, with sales op- ening at $2 per case. Offerings of both strawberries and cherries prom- ise to be large during the next two weeks. Old potatoes are off to 10c in some outside markets and are worth around 25c here. Dealers are paying 16%@17c for fresh eggs and 20@21c for dairy butter. In live poultr broil- ers are bringing 22@24c; fow s 11@ 12c. Wheat is quoted at $1.06; corn 76c; oats 58c; beans $2.75. DETROIT EASTERN MARKET. Buyers were plentiful on the east- ern market Tuesday morning and the prices were fairly well maintained, notwithstanding a liberal increase in the amount of offerings. Potatoes sold at 40@450: new cabbage 75c; peas $1.50@2; lettuce 15c per bushel; eggs 25c per dozen; beets four to five bunches 25c; carrots four bunches for 250; strawberries offered freely at $2.50@3 per 24-qt. case. Hay was of- fered sparingly with prices ranging above $20 perton. .. TH'E I31 VE“ STOCK M A‘R K ETS'. Buffalo. . - June 21,.1915. (Spemal Report of Dunning & Stev- ens, New York Central Stock Yards, Buffalo, N; Y.) Receipts here today as follows: Cat- tle 140 cars; hogs 110 d. d.; sheep and lambs 10 d. d.; calves 1850 head. With 140 cars of cattle on our mar- ket here today and 17,000 cattle re- ported in Chicago, our market on dry- fed cattle was the most erratic we have seen here in several weeks; the same class of cattle sold from 10c lower to 10@15c higher than last Mon- day’s prices, the market was very un- even. Some of the salesmen got anx- ious to sell early in the morning and sold cattle 100 per cwt. lower than last week’s prices, and others stood by their cattle and sold them from 10 @15c higher. We had either the mis- fortune or good fortune to stand by our cattle and we think we sold them from strong to 10@15c per cwt. high- er than last Monday. As to the grass cattle, they sold from 15@25c per cwt. lower and our advice is to be careful on the grassy cows, heifers and bull? We look for a good strong market on all dry-fed cattle of good quality, whether light or heavy, but the grassy kind are bound to sell lower. ' \Ve had quite an active hog market here today with a fairly liberal supply although prices averaged a shade low- er than Saturday’s best time. Pig weights were about a dime higherand the handy weight hogs 5@10c lower, while the heavy grades and mixed lots were steady to a nickel lower than Saturday’s sales. It was generally a one price market for all handy weights, $8.15 taking the bulk. Ex- treme heaVy weights quotable at $7.85 @8; pigs generally $8; roughs $6.5(_)@ 6.75; stags $5@5.50. About everything was sold but the late market closed a little bit weak. The market was active today on lambs and sheep, with prices steady with the close of last week: most of the choice lambs selling at $10. Look for steady prices last of Week With moderate receipts. We quote: Spring lambs $9.75@10; cull to fair $6@9.50; yearlings $7.50@ 8; bucks $3@4.50; handy ewes $5.50@ 5.75; heavy ewes $4.50@4.75; wethers $6.50@7; cull sheep $3@4; veals, choice to extra $9.75@10; fair to good $7@9.50; heavy calves $5@7. Chicago. June 21, 1915. Cattle. Hogs. Sheen. Receipts today..16,000 39,000 10,000 Same day 1914..12,328 39,380 14,868 Last week ...... 39,505 108,012 49,235 Same wk 1914..39,977 144,474 74,573 Shipments from here last week ag- gregated 7,609 cattle, -9,445 hogs and 268 sheep, comparing with 17,559 cat- tle, 10,892 hogs and 2,051 sheep for the same week of 1914. The cattle market was firm today, with small receipts. Hogs opened steady, with sales at $7.10@7.90, but later there was a break of about 50. A firm lamb market was experienced, with a light run and receipts largely consigned direct to packers from Louisville. About 2,000 lambs and yearlings arrived on the market from Idaho, and some clipped yearlings, about 600 head, brought $8.15. Choxce spring lambs brought $9.85. Cattle sold off sharply on Monday last week on receipts of only 17,936 head, the greater part of the decline being on the poorer class of stock, with a particularly unsatisfactory market for grassers and Illinois dairy cows. Grassy cattle sold largely 25@ 40c lower than a week earlier, and bulls were 25c lower than on the pre— ceding Monday. On Wednesday with receipts of only 13,666 head, desirable cattle sold up 10@15c in many in- stances, but the bulk of the cows not of the better class sold mostly 500 lower than on Monday of the preced— ing week. Later in the week average cattle prices showed little change, and the bulk of the week’s sales of steers took place at a range of $8.25@9.15, with the choicer class of heavy steers purchased at $9@9.35 and the com- mon to fair class of grassy steers of light weight at $6.50@7.75. Fair to middling steers brought $7.80@8.45, with a medium grade taken at $8.50@ 8.70 and good steers at $8.75@8.95. The better class of yearling steers sold at $9@9.45, with sales of a good kind at $8.75 and over, while sales ranged all the way down to $7@8 for the commoner yearlings"); good busi- ness was transacted in butchering cows and heifers at $5.10@9.25, sales embracing 60 prime 766—lb. heifers at $9 and 63 fancy Hereford 683-lb. Ne- braska-fed heifers at. $9.25. Prime cows brought $7.25@7.75, while cut- ters sold at $4.30@5, canners at $3.25 @425 and bulls at $5@7.75 with prime yearling bulls selling up to $8. Calves sold at an extreme range of $5@10.35, best selling late at $9.50@9-.75. On the two days of fairly large cattle re- ceipts—Monday and " :Wednesdav" there was a good demand far fat bul- JUNE 26, 1915. locks to ship. to New York, and-there was some demand on' export account- Quality got action regardless of mere- weight, but the preference was for fat. handy weights. The heifers that sold at $9.25 marked the highest pricepaid for a straight lot of prime little baby heifers during the present season. A prime beef cow sold for $8, but such sales are rare these .times. " Hogs were in only moderate supply most of the past week, and declines in prices were followed by recoveries, the eastern shipping demandvbeing of' fair proportions. Recent receipts have averaged in weight 231 lbs., com- paring with 233 lbs. one year ago and 248 lbs. two years ago, and on some days the proportion of 160 to ZOO-lb. swine was much smaller than usual, with a much larger percentage of 350 to 400-lb. hogs. The cool weather was highly favorable for shipping hogs to market, and few dead hogs were found in the cars. Very heavy hogs of the better class sold as much as 30@35c below prime light shipping hogs, the latter continuing market toppers. The- week closed with hogs selling at $7.05 @790 and pigs at $5.50@7.50. A week earlier top hogs brought $7.75. The lamb market has pursued a' sensational downward course for the past week, despite the continued mea- ger receipts, the packers and smaller butchers complaining that the condi- tion of the dressed mutton market was wholly unsatisfactory, as high prices were seriously curtailing its consumption nearly everywhere. Na- tive spring lambs and native fed lambs made up most of the offerings, aside from moderate supplies of na- tive clipped ewes. Ewes were much the most unsatisfactory sellers, bring- ing much lowered prices, while lambs sold far above the prices of former years. Heavy ewes were especially bad sellers. The week’s decline was. about 750@$1 for ewes, which closed. at $2.50@5.10, while shorn bucks brought $4@4.75. Most spring lambs declined $1.75, with sales at $6@9.90, while fed clipped lambs broke $1.50 or more, closing at $5@9.60. Horses were in good supply and de- mand last week, with demand center- ing in army horses, these selling at $135@150 for riders and $145@200 for gunners, High—class chunks too heavy for the artillery brought $195@225, while drafters sold at $225@260 to a limited extent. The poorer animals brought $60@100, with farm geldings salable at $100@140 and farm mares at $145@165. LIVE STOCK NEWS. Texas grass and cake-fed cattle have» been marketed rather extensively in southwestern markets quite recntly, the larger share going to such receiv- ing points as Fort Worth and Okla- homa, with fair shipmnts received in St. Louis. Texas recently raised its embargo on Mexican cattle, after hav-. ing been enforced since the first out-' break of the foot-and-mouth disease, and this is expected to bring fair num- bers of stock cattle across the border, although guerilla warfare is a serious obstacle. Stock steers are in active demand in the Missouri river markets, as well as in St. Paul and Denver, and the demand has started up in the Chi- cago market recently, with fair pur- chases in the stock yards “free” di- vision. The approach of fly time is a re- minder that many stockmen make it a practice to market their cattle in advance in order to avoid the check in growth when flies get in their worst work. But the luxuriance of grass in the pastures almost everywhere is cal- culated to delay early marketings, while the great decline that has taken place in corn prices is a powerful ar- gument for holding on to cattle and hogs until well fattened. Of course, this does not apply at all to fat, heavy steers, and owners of such should lose no time in getting them disposed of, as summer is the time when the de- mand runs on fat light and medium weight steers and heifers, instead of on the quality choice, but heavier cat- tle. Grassy cattle are such bad sell— ers that no good business managers will sell them at the present time, for it is sure to pay to make them good and fat. Some 'misguided stockmen made the mistake recently of market- ing their half-fat yearling cattle in Chicago at a range of $7.25@7.65 per 100 pounds, while the choice to prime class of yearlings were selling at $8.75 to $9.50. A leading live stock com- mission firm advises its country ship- pers on this score as follows: “Cat- tle of this kind should be turned on grass and fed about a peck of corn per head daily. If handled in this way, they would make excellent sellers for the September or October market, and it. would not cost over about one-half. to hold them until then compared to what it would cost to feed them in a dry lot. If cattle are handled and fed in this wav,- the beef will be of much. better quality.” . ' I" , a all-r e ’7" 1' ‘ ..-‘, tar-rs 1-“ awn- -—-.:——..__ .. mums; 'THlS IS THE FIRST EDITION. The first edition.“ sent to those who have not expressed a desire for the latest markets. (The late market edi- tion will be sent on request at any time. DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS. Thursday's Market. June 17, 1915. C attle. Receipts 652. The way the embar- go question on milch cows and feeding stock was handled was the main ques- tion at the yards this week. On Mon- day H. H. Halliday, head of the Live Stock Sanitary Commission at Lan- sing, was on the Detroit market and on Wednesday the embargo was lifted by him and dealers in the city and state were duly notified through the press and by commission merchants. At noon on Wednesday the govern- ment officials refused to issue certifi- cates and nothing could be shipped out other than for immediate slaugh- ter as before the embargo was lifted. How long this condition will last can- not be told, but shippers are advised to go slow on milch cows and feeding stock until the matter is adjusted. The supply of cattle was far below that of a week ago, and the market was much more active, and 15@25c higher on all grades, due wholly to the light supply. Best dry-fed steers $8.25@8.50; best lvandy weight butcher steers $7.75@ 8; mixed steers and heifers $7.50@ 7.75; handy light butchers, grassers $7@7.50; light butchers, grassers $6.50 @725; best cows $5.50@6.25; butcher cows $5@5.75; common cows $4@5: canners $3@4; best heavy bulls $5.75 @625; bologna bulls $5.25@5.50. Veal Calves. Receipts 629. The veal calf trade was active at last week’s prices: a few choice brought $10, but the bulk of the good brought $9.50@9.75, and medium and common $7@8.50. Shin- pers are warned against young thin calves as they are being closely watched by the inspector and if ship- ped will be condemned. Reason & S. sold Thompson Bros. 8 av 155 at $9.50; to Buck & S. 7 av 185 at $10; to Newton B. Co. 3 av 170 at $10. tll$gbb sold Newton l3. Co. 6 av 165 a Sheep and Lambs. Receipts 938. The supply of sheep and lambs was again very small an outside of spring lambs the quality was generally very commOn and the market dull as follows: Best lambs $8.50@9; fair lambs $6.50@7; light to common lambs $5.‘50@6; spring lambs $lll@ll.50; fair to good sheep $4@ 4.50; culls and common $2.50@3.50. Bishop, B. H. sold Fitzpatrick Bros. 3 sheep av 110 at $4.75, 11 lambs av 85 at $9, 12 spg lambs av 68 at $11.75; to Parker, W. & Co. 11 do av 50 at $9.75, 12 do av 65 at $11.25. 15 do av 60 at $11.25, 20 lambs av 70 at $8.75, 32 do av 70 at $9; to Young 8 do av 65 at $7. Sandel, S., B. & G. sold Parker, W. & Co. 1 yearling wgh 90 at $7.50, 5 spg lambs av 73 at $11; to Sullivan P Go. 2 sheep av 175 at $3.50, 3 do av 180 at $4.50, 4 do av 145 at $4.50, 10 lambs av 87 at $7.50; to'Kull 5 spg lambs av 55 at $10: to Mich. B. Co. 8 lambs av- 100 at $7. Roe Com. Co. said Newton B. Co. 4 sheep av 110 at $3, 5 lambs av 55 at $7; to Young 11 spg lambs av 65 at $11, 17 lambs av 90 at $8.50. Hogs. Receipts 6206. The hog trade open- ed active and prospects at noon are 15@20c higher than on Wednesday, or $7.70@7.75. Hammond, S. & Co. sold Bishop. B. 8: H. 1800 av 200 at $7.75, 600 av 180 at $7.70. Friday's Market. June 18, 1915. Cattle. Receipts this week 873; last week 2310: market strong. No stockers, feeders or milch cows can be shipped back for feeding purposes at present. Best dry-fed steers $8.25@8.50; best handy weight butcher steers $7.75@8; mixed steers and heifers $7.50@7.7‘5; handy light butchers. grassers $7'@ 7.5%; light butchers $6.50@7.25: best cows “@625; butcher cows $5625.75; common cows $4@‘5: canners $3@4: best heavy bulls $5.75@6.25; bologna bulls $5.25@5.50. - Veal Calves. Receipts this week 851: last week 1138. Market steady. Best $9.50@ 9.75; others $7@8. Sheep and Lambs. Receipts this week 1330; last week 1103; spring lambs $1 lower; sheep dull. Best lambs $8.50; fair lambs 365067.25; light to common lambs 85.5066; spring lambs $9 10; fair to good .sheep “@450; 01113 and com- mon $2.50@3.50_. Hops. Receipts this week 9553; last week 19,115. Pl $7.50; ackers‘ grades 5c lgher than on ' 88 $7.75@7.80, or Thursday. (1 oz. of Fowler’s solution, 175 oz. fluid THE MICHIGAN FARLMER llllllllllllllllllllllllw.“-' g. E3 2. am||IIlllllllllllllIllllllllllllIllllIIllIlllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IlllllllllfillIllllllllllIlllllllllllllflfl CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S. Sprained Back.——I have a five-year- old mare that sprained her back while running in pasture some three weeks ago. She fell down and in regaining. her feet again, fell a second time, but got up without assistance. When working she has rather poor use of hind legs and is almost well. 1 ap-‘ plied linement to back which slightly blistered and have worked her a little“ every two or three days. I need her to do light work, such as plowing and harrowing on old land. Do you think she will recover? F. L. W., Luther, Mich.—If light work such as you men-. tion does not distress her, it will do, her no harm. Apply alcohol to back‘ two or three times a day; also give her 1 dr. of ground nux vomica, 1,5 oz.. ground gentian and is oz. ground gin- ger at a dose in feed three times a, day. Splint—~Eczema.—I have a three- year-old colt that has splint on left fore leg situated below knee which I have been trying to take off, and while treating this leg another Splint is showing up on opposite shin. I have a ten-yearolrd mare that has an itchy condition of skin which affects her leg and I would like to know what will prevent it. She often rubs her legs until they bleed. E. G., Ruth, Mich.—~ If the splint is causing no lameness, leave it alone, or apply one part red iodide mercury and four parts lard ev- ery ten days. live your horse a des- sertspoonful of Donovan’s solution at a dose in feed or water three times a day. Dissolve 6 ozs. of hyposulphite of soda in a gallon of water and wet itchy parts of body twice a day; or apply one part bichloride of mercury and 500 parts water once or twice a day. Loss of Appetite—~Since my two cows freshencd they have not thrived and the medicine that our local Vet. prescribed does not seem to help them much. They do not give much milk and both of them are losing flesh. W. T. C., Lake City, Mich.— If your cows are living entirely on grass, better give them some grain twice a day. Also give each one 1,9 extract gentian at a dose either in food or in a quart of water as a drench twice a day. They should be supplied with a good quality of water. Heart Disease—I am having a great deal of trouble with my Belgian hares. About the time the little ones get big enough to run about the floor nicely, they die suddenly. For about 20 min- utes before they die, they sit humped up in the nest or sometimes out of it. but up to this moment appear to be perfectly well. I feed their mother corn, green alfalfa and dry hay; be- sides, she has plenty of water to drink. W. H. C., Jenison, Mich.—-I am inclined to believe that your hares die of heart trouble and not any other dis- ease. lt is perhaps needless for me to say that the place where you keep them should be clean and thoroughly disinfected. Besides, the mother should have outdoor air and exercise... Diarrhea in Turkeys.———E’very year. since I have farmed I have lost a, number of turkeys from yellow diarr- hea and I have not found a farmer but who has. the same trouble. I have read some on turkey diseases, but have never found any remedy that will. cure. Our local Vet. has also failed. to effects cure. I have used linseed oil, powdered chalk, laudanum, perox-' 1d_e and other simple home remedies w1thout results. I have seen whole, flocks die off with this one disease. Farm and poultry journals publish. articles about turkeys. but they don’t seem to get a cure for this disease. Can you help us out of our trouble? If so, I believe thousands of breeders would be very thankful. Of late when we see a bird droop its Wings, why,. 3 we just get the shovel. F. 1-1., Mel-. vin, Mich—I am somewhat inclined- to believe that from blackhead; however, this discoly ored condition of the head is not al-. ways present when they have this? disease; however. diarrhea is a your turkeys sufferi, relia--. , N \ ' s That's what all absolute safety. high grade cast Silo Filler. Si.- ' "W I" WHIRLWIND SIZE 6 able. Eggs. Butter. stile 50c. a fine to rn . Weight 4". lbs, 'I "I" " "I i " “THE Whirlwind is certainly a glutton for work", writes one of many enthusiastic owners—“It takes the fodder as fast as we can get it there and elevates ‘way Way up— no band cuttin , chokes, or break-downs." _ irlwinds do—~The one piece Main Wheel, the heaviest made. means fast work, uniform speed, uniformly applied centrifugal strain and therefore Fewest working parts, hence least friction. lmn Withstands from 9,000 to 17,000 lbs. greater strains per sq. in. than It pays (to investigate carefully hetero buying. Write for 1 our free catalogue, and «hook- “Why and How to \ Fm A Silo." Learn how to judge the real essentials of a Fruit or Vegetables. tags empty second zone 9c, filled with eggs 24c. Either To the right looking safe box 0. nipped with fil era toicarry lZdoz. emu. direct orby Express to mar. . hot and groceries on re. Price (50. fine for picnic purposes, all kimLsof Butler and Egg ship- 1 15—703 " .2 1‘ ‘\ EVery piece of Whirlwind There’s a lot of in- side information i‘\ our free Weekly W H I R LW I N D ‘ BULLETIN to Agents. \ I‘ts yours for the asking. Wilder-Strong lmpl'l 00. Box 13,. Monroe, Michigan Parcel Posl or Express Box Safe. Light. Strong, Dur- Can he used repeat- edly. Box to left equipped to carry safely 10 doz. eggs. or partitions for 2 dnz. Chicken. Pos- com mon Either buv ping supplies. Prime F. 0. B. . Somnw,lflicli.. add postage for Weight ll ll)» shipment. Address Dept. E, HARTLEY STEEL GRATEB 80X 80.. Saginaw, Michigan. Are low in cost. easily lmilt.and give satisfaction everywhere. Built With Hy-Rib Concrete Silos usual scaffolding and or- dinaryfarmlahor. Walls not injured by silage, juices. Water-proof, fire- proof, starmmroof. rah proof. Nothing to rot. or wear out. Needno paint- ing or repairs. For farm - buildings of every kind. use Hy-flib construction. Hy-Rih combines within itself reinforce meat. forms, lath and Birds. SI!) Catalog Free ' Oontainingusel'ull infor- mation. and farm buildings. today. Agents Wanted. TRUSSED CONCRETE STEEL CO. 688 Trussed Concrete Building. Detroit, Mich. Write out forms. with only the examples of . The Jenning’s Farms Guernseys For Sale 30 lligh Grade Guernsey Cows 21 High Grade Heifers the summer and fall. 12 High Grade Yearlings, also Registered Guernsey herd bull. Prices reasonable. Call and see them or write BR‘UWEL J. HATCH, Supflinlefldml, R. F. D. I, Bailey, Mlch. muse MINERA HEAVE 33am COMPOUND . 9 HEAV E 3 ‘. x... Package guaranteed to give satisfaction or money back. 51 Package sufficient (or ordinary cases. m “EA?! 463 M An. m PI. two years old, all due to freshen during‘ Michigan Livestock Insurance Co. . ‘capllal Slack—8100.000. Surplus—$100,000 Home Office—Saginaw. Michigan. only Home Go. in Michigan. COLON C. LILLIE President. ble symptom of the disease and when; ’ old turkeys are infected their drop-' pings are stained with yellow: further- more, the liver usually contains par- asites and unless you are equipped with a strong magnifying glass you could not discover these parasites in their droppings. but, alter death you might be able to and them in the liv- er. You will and the liver sores re- advloe you to discontinue turkeys for four or five years; at the, same timeihomug’hlv clean and dis: 1“. J. WELLS. -:- Secretary-Treasurer. Bl IN" E . "' t v .. “gag-Jrg‘w' H i “museums r“ low Cable: with For in Price: admin tot-i. lsilto 4! ' Iconic-III“... MIA. It 7 15 a}? all Ono‘s-o mt midi" ”3:...me ANTED to writer‘s-In. menu‘- poslfiou u an id . infect their house and roosting place. and Moon.» imam «round I. A. 0. Box [626. Core lich. Former, Datum. Farms and Farm Lands For Sale Lakeside Farm 93 Acres, $5000, Easy Terms Real money-making farmund exceptionally attrm" tire homo Mom of 9 best farming communities in New York 81 to; 50 acres machine worked fields. In; crops hay and alfalfa; pasture forZDoows; 6 norm wood: 50 hearing apple trees, other hunt; 2&0” l2- room house stands on elevation, overlooks lake which farm borders, 40-“. cow barn. his horse barn. silo. in.) house, etc.: near neighbors and schools, only four miles to two K. II. stations, photograph of buildiurH and lake together with full traveling directions team: it and a 77-ucre farm for only $1650. page 20, “Strout’s farm catalogue 38," write today for your tree 003.5. E. A. BTW FARM AGEINCY. Station 101. University Block. Syracuse. N. Y. at on am as: any? W m... I... w!“ . - bodied young men. experienced-ad inexperienced. who want farm dork. Ont obnet In to encourage farming among Jenn, noohmto employer or employee. I! you meal good. steady. sober non. write to Jewish Agricultural ociety, 714 W. l2“: Street. Chicago. Illinois. GOOD, CHEAP, ’ P R0 F {TABLE UNUSUAL ()PPO EETUNITIES NOW State Board of Agriculture, Dover, Del. WHY p“ RENT m... crass as: can “11011131200330 an lore on easy terms. Write for particulars. STAFFELD BROTHERS. Owners. Saginaw. West Side. Mich. l5 Merrill Bldg" s cm F31. -—most profitable general farm ‘ m 1 “is fine section in State. Real has" (nuns. Write for list A. 13on & Trim. Hastings. lick WANTE —To hear from owner of good fun- nr unimproved land for sale. H. L. Downing. IN Palace Bldg" Minneapolis. Mean. N (tomato? use I will sell my 150 A. farm 0an 100 A. improved—heat buildings in county. “'ritu D. F. MOBRmN (1‘0th “Mn. handle on commission on We 1] P0111181. CALVES, EGGS. “NAMES and all kinds of small FRUITS. Will be plowed!» quote you market on request. N AWA‘NN COLIN ISSION CO MPAN‘I. Eastern Market. Detroit. Mich. HA OUR NEW LOCATION— , 623-6.?) WM Bldg. Pittsburgh. Pu. —— Dome! McCaffirey's Sons Co. —-W ‘ fro to not f‘MI abs”? an, 1,433» 0301? Sabotig‘imme: quantum hu- yo-r om shipped direct to us by ex- pross. Write us for informatinn. It will . latter a: Gheooe 00.. 13mg.” W“. w TEENS wméii l to represent a reliable concern our vassing among farmers in your own neighborhood or elsewhere. No expe- rience necessary. Liberal my, and supplies furnished free to right part .ies. Reference required. Address. WHSEI. “IE Iii mu ran. Boll-on, was When writing to adver- tisers please mention the Michigan Farmer. 704—16 IIIIII’I' USE A lEAKY THRESHER A separator that leaks grain in the straw-pile is a money waster, is wrong in construction, and has no business on your job, BUY OR HIRE A lied River Special The results of many years of continuous improvement, by one concern, along one line of en- deavor, are concentrated in the manufacture of this efficient ma- chine. TIIIIIIEII IIIIIDS BUILD I'I' And their brains show in the quality of its work. It does what it is designed to d and clean it --without waste. It SAVES the Farmer’slireshiill By putting his grain in the sack—not the stack—faster, cleaner, better than it has ever been done before. It has no leaks—is grain-tight, except at the bag— ger. There it delivers the goods. find!" "cw Red Riv" 5”“.“I P‘"’"‘ FREE among themselves that each will take Ia certain portion of every shipment of NICHOLS & SHEPARD CO. ( In continuous business since I848) Builders of Red River Special Three-hers, Wind Suckers, Feeders. Steam Traction gines and Oil-Gas Tractors (14) BATTLE CREEK, MICH. NO MIXING At last the dairyman can get the feed he has long wanted—a Ready Ration—to be used right out of the sack without any mixing or bother—made of honest ingredients that are just right. without any adulterants, fillers or other rubbish is compounded to produce rssults—it' is made of choice cottonseed meal, dried beet pulp, gluten feed, corn distillers’ grains, wheat bran, wheat middlings and a little salt—that’ s all. Properly blended, thoroughly mixed to pro- duce lots of milk—good milk and keep our cows healthy. Sold on a plan of money back if you are not satisfied. LARRO agents almost ev- erywhere. Write us if none near you. (43) _ The Lsrrows Milling 00.1043 Bilsspls um. .. Detroit. Mich. FREE FARMERS FILL SILOS Q U I C K . ACCOUNT Three sizes. Ste 18 H, P., direct drive to 11111111 cutterliead shalt, 29»; in. in BOOK diameter. poweriul c~bla