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The Only Weekly Agricultural: Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





 





 





VOL. CXLV. No.2

Whole Number 3844





DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, JULY 10, 1915.





50 CENTS A YEAR.

32 FOR 5 YEARS.





 





, SheepOn Michigan Cut-Over Lands





HERE have been honest doubts



as to whether the breeding of



sheep and raising and fattening

of lambs on the cut-over lands of

northern Michigan would prove profit-

able. As Field Agent of the Michigan

Agricultural College I have advocated

the raising of sheep in these regions,

both for the profits to be derived from

the business, and as a great help in

clearing the land of .brush, weeds,

briars, etc. Experiments have proved

profitable-where yearlings were used.

The freight from and to Chicago, how-

ever, cut a large hole in profits, and

because of this fact it was decided to

try experiments with breeding ewes.

On August 5, 1914, Dean Shaw, of the

Michigan Agricultural College, and

myself purchased three carloads of

Washington yearling ewes of Clay,

Robinson & Co., Chicago, for breeding

experiments. These ewes averaged 85

pounds at Chicago.



One of these carload lots, consisting

of 221 ewes, went to Mr. George Mas-

hek, of Cornell, Delta county, Michi-

gan. He fenced in 100 acres of cut-

over land with woven wire fence to

keep the sheep and to prevent dogs

and wolves from molesting them.





This piece of land had produced cedar,

pine, hemlock, and a very little hard-

wood. In places it was‘low and wet.

It was covered with logs and brush

and was apparently not a desirable

place to put sheep. Indeed, there was

not a more unpromising piece of land

in the neighborhood for the purpose.





Two sheep died from dysentery, one

of them being sick when the sheep

were unloaded. The sheep were turn-

ed on to the public highway for a.

shorttime to pasture, and were at-

tacked by dogs set on them by the

boys, and two sheep killed. That is

all the loss that has occurred.





 





 





 





These sheep were pastured in the

100 acre lot until January 6, 1915, and

received no other feed except what'

they browsed from the brush, and

grass in their pasture. On January 6

Mr. Mashek began feeding straw and

fed only straw until early March, and

then fed hay and some corn fodder.

There was not over one ton of corn

fodder. They were fed hay till May

1 and then turned on pasture.



For shelter a comfortable shed of

boards covered with tar paper was

provided, as seen in one of the accom-

panying cuts. It is an interesting fact,

however, that in clear weather, and

frequently on clear sharp nights, the

Sheep appeared to prefer lying in the

open, and especially where the straw

or hay had been scattered for feed.



These ewes were bred to Hampshire

rams of good quality. On June 3

when I visited this flock, it contained

0ver100 per cent of lambs.



About the first of May the sheep

were sheared and averaged seven

pounds of wool per fleece. The fleeces

were of ten months’ growth only, since

the sheep were sheared the latter part

of June the year before.



(Continued on page 25).





 





 





Fig. 2.——View of brush on June 3, 1915. Much of the brush, which is willow and poplar, has been killed as shown by the absence of leaves.

In the foreground lies a brush pile cut during the winter





the small trees show how completely the sheep have removed the bark.





twigs and bark were largely removed by the sheep immediately after the_cutting and piling took place.

In the background is a partial view of the shed 1n whlch the sheep were wintered-





the morning of June 3.





 





Many of





season. The





Fig. 3.—A View of a part of the sheep on





 





 





Fig. 4.——A view of the lambs photographed on the morning of June 3.





In





pastured. The brush which the sheep did not consume was destroyed





which the sheep ranged. The brush which we.





sheep were Wintered.





s not consumed by the sheep has been cut off.





the background is seen a part of the land upon which the sheep have been

and has been cut off. Fig. 5.—-A somewhat extensive view of the land upon

In the distance is seen the shed in which the
22 -2





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CURRENT COMMENT.



Our leading article

Our Live Stock for this week touch-

Industry. es in a practical and

forceful manner on

one phase of Michigan‘s live stock in-

dustry. Demonstrating as it does the

feasibility of keeping sheep on cut-

over lands with profit from the flock

and profit accruinj».,r to the owner

through the assistance of sheep in

clearing the land, there should be a

marked increase in the flocks main-



tained in northern Michigan.



In former years Michigan was in

the first rank of sheep producing

states, but her sheep breeding indus-

try has gradually given way to sheep

feeding as a business, while the flocks

maintained upon the farms of the

state are mostly sitiall and are kept

as a. side line rather than a prominent

factor in the farm production. The

demonstration described in the article

above referred to should encourage

the keeping of many more flocks of

considerable size.



One discouragement which has op-

erated to limit sheep breeding in Mich-

igan is the depredations of dogs.

W'hcre sheep are pastured on cut-over

lands, however. and the same are en-

closed with suitable wire fences, the

danger from dogs is very greatly re

duced if not entirely obviated. The

price of sheep and lambs on our mar-

kets in recent months has been such

as to encourage the growth of this im-

portant industry. There is place for

a fewsheep upon every farm and un-

questionably for larger flocks on new

land and land which is in the process

of clearing. Michigan sheep feeders

are finding it difficult to purchase feed-

er lambs from western points, and the

more extensive breedingr of sheep in

the newer sections of the state would

be a. welcome addition to the available





supply.

There is also room for a rapid

growth in our beef producing indus—





try. While the supply of cattle in the

country has increased to some extent.

during the past decade, it has in no

wise kept pace with the increase in

population. Foreign trade in meat

products. has grown enormously since

war was. declared in Europe, while an

outbreak of foot-and—mouth disease in

this country has tended to reduce the

supply of fat cattle. since it has been

impossible to take feeders back to the

farm from the big markets, as is the

common practice under normal condi-

tions. There is no doubt but that

beef production will bring a more lib-

eral reward in the future than it has

in the past. The western ranges are

being broken up, and it is the consen-

sus of opinion of all competent judges-

that the main source of supply in fu-

ture years will be the farms .of the





THE“MICHIGA





central and northern states instead of

the dice western ranges, which pro-

duced the world’s cheapest beef for

so many years.



Further south where other natural





conditions would favor beef produc-





tion on a larger scale, the cattle tick

keeps the industry in check and will

keep it in check for many years until

the interest of southern farmers is

sufficiently aroused to bring about the

eradication of this pest throughout

the entire infested territory. There is

opportunity for profit in the produc-

tion of beef as a side line if not as a

specialty upon practically every Mich<

igan farm, and not a few farmers are

finding it profitable to produce first

class baby beef under present condi-

tions.



Progress in the control of hog chol-

era is encouraging and indicates that

the mortgage lifter will be more plen-

tiful and commdn on Michigan farms

in the future than it has been in the

past. Altogether the outlook for Mich-

igan’s live stock industry was never

more promising. Notwithstanding the

complaints of consumers and the advice

of agricultural propaga‘ndists, the

farmers of Michigan and the country

at large have demonstrated their abil-

ity to produce a liberal supply of any

commodity when the market price is

such as to give them suitable remu-

neration for the labor involved. This

will hold true with live stock as well

as other special products, and should

live stock products continue to com-

mand prices which have obtained in

the recent past, our live stock indus-

try may be expected to grow rapidly

along all lines in the near future.





Gradually it has

The Distribution of come to be recog-

Farm Products. nized by all inter

ested parties that

some improvement on the methods

now in vogue for the: distribution of

farm products from the farm to the

consumer would be most desirable.

Various methods have been suggested,

and many plans have been tried, gen-

erally by producers and with varying

though indifferent success.



Occasionally the consumer or a club



of consumers take the initiative in es-

tablishing a more direct route from

the farm to the family table. This

method is being followed satisfactor-

iiy in many cases, and is greatly facili-

tated by the establishment of the par-

cel post and the general reduction of

express rates.

I Over in Nebraska 8 plan has been

tried which ,was inaugurated by the

local merchants in a good country

town. These merchants raised a fund

of $1.000 for the erection of a receiv-

ing station for farm products. All

agreed that they would buy no pro-

duce direct from farmers, but would

take same through the medium of €110

receiving station. At the receiving

station produce is purchased from

growers upon a quality basis and is

thereafter graded to suit the market,

in order that the highest price may be

realized. Trade checks good at any

store in town are given in payment

for the produce. The receiving sta-

tion is not intended to make any prof-

it aside from maintenance and over-

head expenses. This plan is said to

be giving greater satisfaction among

both merchants and producers than

did the old plan of taking in butter

and eggs and other produce at the

grocery store either for cash or in pay-

ment for goods.



There are several advantages. to the

plan, one of the most important of

which is that the producer is paid for

his produce on the quality basis. The

ideal method of distribution would be

from an organization .of producers

through an organization of consumers

to the ultimate consumer, but until

this plan shall have been worked out

satisfactorilly through many years of

experience, any plan which promises

to be beneficial to both producer and

consumer is. well wO-rthy‘ of “considera-

tion, even-though it may make no-‘rad-





N F A R M E R

ical change in present established

methods of distribution. '





As a. general proposi-

Training and tion, training has come





Efficiency._ to be regarded as a,

prerequisite of effi-

ciency. There may be exceptions to





this general rule, but the rule is very

generally conceded to obtain in the

great majority of cases. Apparently

it applies to both mental and physical

training. In a test recently made to

determine the relative efficiency of

boys in. the schools of New York as

compared with those of a small New

England town, three athletic tests

were selected which were commonly

met by the boys in the New York

schools. These tests were in jumping,

running and chinning. When this

test was applied only one of the boys

in the village school was able to ful-

fill these three simple requirements in

accordance with the standards com—

monly attained in the city schools. In

the chinning test, or pulling the body

up by the arms, the village boys did

only about half as Well as the boys

from some of the most congested sec-

tions of New York city. The differ-

ence in efficiency was not due to any

inherent inability of the country boys,

but rather to the fact that they had

not had physical training under direc-

tion which the city boys had enjoyed.



The same fact obtains with regard

to mental training, whether it be along

technical lines or not. The farm sun

veys which have been conducted by

the Office of Farm Management of the

U. S. Department of Agriculture show

in almost every case that where the

farmers included in the survey are

classified as to educational attain-

ments those who have enjoyed high

school training are relatively more

efficient and successful as measured

by labor income than are those who

have not enjoyed such advantages.

Those who have had technical train-

ing of a. higher order are proportion-

ately more successful as a class.



These are all facts which should be

carefully pondered by country people,

to the end that the farm boys and

girls may not be handicapped by lack

of either physical or mental training

in the preparation for their life’s work.

Efficiency is at a premium every-

where, and is just as important on the

farm as elsewhere.





Various self ap-

pointed experts

who are interested

in the so-called

rural uplift movement are often heard

to deplore the incompetency and in-

efficiency of the average farmer. The

public press, or a large section of it.

is periodically calling attention to the

losses suffered from insect pests and

contagious diseases, which are charg-

ed to inefficient management. The

city consumers in quite another strain

complain of the high cost of farm pro-

ducts. If the suggestions and advice

from each of these sources were put

into practice production would be

greatest amount of products from a

country, with the result that the re-

ward of the farmer’s labor would be

very much less while the benefit to

the consumers would be exceedingly

doubtful, since the lessened purchas-

ing power of the farmer would more

than offset the slight reduction in the

cost of necessities to the consumer.

The pessimist who is looking forward

to the time when our population will

be. relatively greater than our supply

of food stuffs may assure himself

that just so rapidly as it becomes prof-

itable for them to do so. just so fast

will the farmers of the United States

increase their production of food

staples.



Efficiency in farm management does

not. consist altogether in growing the

greatest amount of products from the





given area of land, but rather in

economic production which will leave





the greatest. possible not profit or 13:-

bor income for the farmer and his.

family. It is true that by increased.





Efficiency in Farm

Management





JULY 10.19155





production without increasing labor





cost a. single farmer or a considerable

class of farmers can increase their





net profit or labor income, but this

will not work when applied to the

farmers, of the Country; for them the

only method of increasing the net

profit or labor income is to‘red’uce the

cost of production or distribution or

both, since by the first means they

will obviously have a larger net rev-

enue, either by reducing labor cost or,

securing a, larger percentage of the

consumer’s dollar. Both these are

worthy ends. and progressive farmers

are thinking and working in that dr

rection.

N

HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





Foreign.



The European War.-—The Germans

have sent fresh troops to the western

theatre of war and taken the offensive

at many paints on the long battle line.

Reports would indicate that with but

one exception these attacks have fail-

ed. At Le Petre in northern France

the Teutons advanced about 400 yards

along a front of nearly a mile. The

Russians in Galicia continue to retire

from position to position although the

retreat is not being forced as vigor-

ously and is being opposed more stub~

bornly by the Russians. Italy has

gained ground consistently along her

entire front against the Austrians, and

her forces are now marching on Plava.

In the Dardanelles battle the Allied

forces are making decisive gains on

the Turks. and have greatly improved

the positions held on the Gallipoli pe‘

ninsula. The Turks have suffered

heavy losses during recent engage

ments. The submarine warfare is be—

ing prosecuted as vigorously as ever

by the Germans. In a naval battle in

the Baltic Sea between German and

Russian boats, at German battleship

was reported destroved, but this has

been denied by Berlin reports.



Gen. Porflrio Diaz, former President

of Mexico, died in Paris last Friday

after a short illness. He was the iron

man of Mexico for 35 years until‘he

was compelled to resign as president

following the successful Madero revo‘

lotion-in 1911. He has since resided

in Europe.



_ Three British steamers and four sail-

ing vessels were sunk last Thursday

and Friday by German submarines,

according to the British admiralty re

ports. So. far as known, there was no

loss of life on any of the vessels.



An investigation of conditions in

England since the war began shows

that prices of foodatufl’s have advanc-

ed 43 per cent since the first of Aug-

ust, 1914. This means an additionai

burden of 31.000.000.000 3 year on the

consumers. .



National.



Gen. Huerta and other Mexicans

were arrested last week at El Paco.

Texas, by United States authorities,

charged with plotting to launch a new

revolution in Mexico. It is stated that

additional arrests will be made in con-

nection with the: alleged plot. The

bonds of Gen. Huerta and those ar-

rested with him are placed at $15,000.



The Grand Trunk docks and freight

sheds at Port Huron burned Monday,

July 5. The loss is estimated at $250,-

000 to $425,000. The origin of the fire

is unknown.



An attempt was made on the life of

J. Pierpont Morgan at his home at

Glen Cove, N. Y., last Saturday. The

financier's wounds are not considered

dangerous. The would-be assassin al-

so confessed to having placed the

bomb that exploded on the Senate side

of the Capitol building at Washington

last Friday night. The belief is that

the man is mentally unbalanced. Offi-

crals are endeavoring to learn his past

as it is now believed that he is a for-

mer professor of Harvard University

who disappeared suddenly in 1906.



. Preliminary reports on fatalities and

ll‘tJuI'leS resulting from the Fourth of

July celebration throughout the na-

tion, show eight" persons killed and 17?

injured. In 1914 the total number of

Victims was nine killed and 601 injur-

ed. The fire loss due to aeoidents.

combined with the use of explosives,

was 366,550 this year as compared to

the loss of $76,035 last year.



The board of supervisors of Alger

county has ordered an inspection of

all the cattle in the county for tuber-

culosis. This is the first county in the

state to undertake the task of making

a complete survey of the whole county

for this plague.



'F'ivc persons were killed in auto ac-

crdents in Detroit last Sunday and

Monday.



A. two weeks’ conference is being

held at the Michigan Agricultural Col~

rage for the study of the

problems- .i.., "s .1 ..531; .1. ll:





 





 





. £3.95





 





 





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JULY'IO, 1915.





A Lesson from

HROUGH the rifts in the war

T clouds we are catching now and

then gleams of light, telling us

something about the farming methods

of the old-country folks, and from

these we may gain someilessons that

will stand us in good stead, if we will

only let them do so. “We live to

learn” is just as true of farming as it

is of anything in the world. When we

stop learning, we stop everything.

One who has studied the ways of

the farmers of Belgium tells us, for

example, that “the soil is given no

rest. Always the farmers are digging,

turning over the ground, hoeing, weed-

ing and harvesting.”' When we re-

member that there is a proverb among

the Flemish people to the effect that

“the spade is a gold mine to the peas-

ant,” we can understand better why

they are always keeping at it with

this necessary farming tool. The

farmers have quite up-to-date tools

which they use to good purpose, but

the spade is the Belgian farmer’s most

valued utensil.

Now, the farmers of this county





L might do well to think of this dispo-





' will say, and plant it.





sition on the part of their neighbors

across the sea to keep the soil of their

farms working. We have too much

idle land. Think of the thousands up-

on thousands of acres of land in this

country that bring in practically noth-

ing. We have too much land; we can’t

get around to all of it often enough

to keep it in the best possible condi-

tion.

a measure, and that helps, but our

terms of changing about are too far

apart.

Usual Methods.



This is the way it goes with the

great body of farmers. They fit up a

piece of land for corn and potatoes, we

Considerable

barnyard manure is, as a rule, thought

necessary where we are to have corn,

although many use very little until we

are compelled to. For potatoes, too,

many fields are put in with absolutely

no form of fertilizer, save such as na-

ture has already locked up in the

earth, and this may have been badly

overdrawn through successive crop-

ping without‘any recompense of re-

Ward.



After the corn, comes some kind of

a grain crop, oats, it may be. This ex-

acting crop demands good soil condi-

tions; but in very many cases no fer-

tilizer is used, unless it may be now

and then some commercial fertilizer.

With many farmers land sowed to the

Small grains is seeded down; and it is

left that way, being mowed constantly

for many years, until what fertility

there was originally in the soil has

mostly been taken up and disposed of

by the crops grown.



The seeded land lies in this condi-

tion often many years, every year be-

coming thinner and poorer with each

passing harvest. The grass roots “run

out,” as we say, so that often we do

not cut more than half a ton of bay

to the acre.



Unprofitable Results.



Now just stop a minute and let me

Whisper something in your ear about

this very subject. The latest figures

show that in the year 1913 there were

produced in the United States 64,116,-

000 tons of hay. It took 48,954,000

acres of land to do this. Take out

your pencil and figure this out. You

will find that the average yield of bay

for that year was only 1.3 tons per

acre. The great state of Missouri

gives us this report: Acres in grass,





’ 3,000,000; product, 1,800,000 tons, or





‘ six-tenths of a ton to the acre.





Too

bad isn’t it, that we should have to

mow over so muchland to get a ton

of hay, when by proper care and man-

agement we might out three or four





, times as much to the acre!





And that is the lesson for us. Stop





getting so much more land and culti-

vate what we have a great deal bet-

.ter. The people of Belgium all have





We follow a rotation of crops in,





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





the Old World





little farms. To get a living they must

make the very most of every foot of

land. Not a single bit of land is left

idle. In this. country we have been

too anxious to get more land. Now

let us turn over a new leaf and farm

what we have better. That is the

best possible kind of farming. It is

going to be the only kind that will

succeed in the very near future.



New York. E. L. VINCENT. ‘



PLOWING VS. CULTIVATING

CORN.





 





“What fool chose that title?” I hear

someone asking that very question

when they see the title to this article.

My friends in Illinois, Indiana and

Ohio say they plow the corn while we

Michigan people say we cultivate it,

but all of us use similar tools and

perform the same operation. This

morning I saw a double shovel culti-

vator in a corn field. I knew it was a

double shovel,, not because I could see

the shovels, but because of the “form”

of the cultivator. My friend was liter-

ally digging the bowels out of the

earth and I am going to call this

“corn plowing.” By cultivation Imean

the harrowing of the surface soil and

pulverizing of the surface particles.





When Plow and When Cultivate?



Now that we know each other on

this matter of corn plowing and corn

cultivating, let us see which one is

better and why? It cannot be said

that either one should be used to the

exclusion of the other. The thing that

will guide us in knowing when to plow

the corn and when to cultivate it is to

find out the habits of the plant. After

sprouting, it takes some time for the

roots to grow to any great length. If

the rows are 44 inches apart, it will

be some time before the roots extend

far out into the rows and if plowing is

ever justifiable, it is before the roots

have grown very much. It may be a

good thing'at this time to cultivate

deeply and aerate the soil. This not

only allows some oxygen to get to the

roots of the plant, but soil experts tell

us that it breaks up the plant food

in the various soil particles.



Last year I dug up a corn plant six

weeks old and honestly, I was surpris-

ed to see what an extensive root sys-

tem it had. At that time, the feeders

ran clear out into the middle of the

row. Only the tips of the roots are

capable of taking in the plant foods

and so it is easy to see how harmful

it is to cultivate deeply both ways in

the field. If the cultivation is a deep

one, many of these feeders are cut off

all the way around the plant and sure-

ly, the corn plant cannot grow unless

it can take in plenty of plant foods.

There is no question about it and it

has been domenstrated many times

that deep cultivations after the plant

is knee high are very harmful and cut

down the yield considerably.



lngham Co. I. J. MATHEWS.





DRAGGING ALFALFA.





 





I often see in your valuable paper

where Mr. Colon C. Lillie strongly ad-

vocates the dragging of alfalfa fields.

I think he advocates it a little too

strongly. He told us at the farmers’

institute at Bangor, to drag it good

and thorough. “Don’t look behind you

to see what it is doing to the alfalfa,

but just go ahead and drag it as if

you were fitting it for corn.”



So this spring I did so, or at least

I started to do so. But I did not fol-

low directions. I looked behind me,

and I made up my mind I was hurting

the alfalfa, So I thought I would ex-

periment a little. Part of the field I

dragged twice, part once and the bal-

ance not at all. When I cut the field

the part I dragged twice was very thin

and scattering. The part I dragged

once was muchbetter and the balance

was good. '





Now, what was wrong? Our land

may not be ideal alfalfa land. It is a

good' clay 10am. It was quite dry

when I dragged it, using a three sec-

tion spring—tooth with four horses.

You can see that the alfalfa roots

would have to be pretty tough to

make the drag dodge around them in

the hard clay.





Van Buren Co. W. C. WILCOX.





 





FAR M NOTES.





 





Sweet Clover.





I would like to ask a few questions

about sweet clover. What is the differ-

ence between yellow and white blos-

som sweet clover; which is the best

for forage and for enriching the soil

and which is the most hardy? At $18

per bushel for hulled seed and $6 per

bushel for seed with the hull on,

which is the cheapest and how much

of the latter should be sown per acre?

I am planning on putting in nine acres

and expect to drill it, and had thought

of sowing a little alfalfa with it. Any





other suggestions that you could fur-v





nish me other than what I have asked

for would be appreciated.

Washtenaw Co. 0. B. P.





The white sweet clover makes a

much larger growth and is very much

better adapted to use as_a forage crop

or soil improver in Michigan than the

yellow blossomed variety.





The proportion of seed in a bushel

of unhulled seed as compared with

that which is hulled would be very

nearly in proportion to its weight, as

the chaff would weigh very little, and

this would be a safe method of esti-

mating the amount which should be

sown where unhulled seed is used, and

the relative value of same.



There would be no advantage in

sowing alfalfa with sweet clover, since

the same nitrogenfixing bacteria in-

habit the roots of both plants, so that

the growing of sweet clover will aid

in the inoculation of soil for alfalfa.

Land that is in a sufficiently fertile

condition to grow alfalfa should pre-

ferably be seeded to that plant, while

sweet clover is better adapted to grow-

ing on land that is low in its content of

humus and available fertility as a

preparation for alfalfa or as a green

manure crop.





Alfalfa After Early Potatoes.





I have a field planted to early pota-

toes which. will be harvested by Sep-

tember 15. The land is good for 150

to 200 bushels of potatoes, being a

clover sod well manured. I would

like to put alfalfa. in after the pota~

toes. My neighbor right across the

road has about a quarter of an acre

which is about five years old and is

getting better every year and he nev-

er inoculated or put lime on either.

My field is higher but better land. and

there is considerable limestone all ov-

er the hill. Now, will September 15

be too late? What. kind of seed?

Does it need more lime? Should I sow

wheat for nurse crop? How much

soil should I get from my neighbor to

inoculate? Or would it be better to

wait until next year? The land will

be in excellent shape after the pota-

toes come off. These two fields are

just the width of the road apart.



Leelanau C0. G.





September 15 is later than it is safe

to sow alfalfa in. lower Michigan; in

Leelanau county it. might be a safer

proposition on account of the fact that

snow is apt to come before the ground

freezes severely in more northern

counties, and ordinarily stays on more

continuously throughout the winter.

However, successful. seedings have re-

sulted from. seed sown in the late fall,

and under favorable conditions this

field might be successfully seeded by

sowing as late as the middle of Sep-

tember. It is a safe proposition to de-

pend on alfalfa doing equally as well

as Clover will do, provided soil condi-

tions are favorable for its growth

when sown in the same way and at

the same time. If it is a safe propo-

sition to sow clover this late in the

fall, then alfalfa could be seeded with

equal prospects of success. If some

of the hardier varieties of seed from

an old stand is sown, this might in-

crease the chances of it surviving the

winter. As the land would be in ex-

cellent condivtion’to seed to alfalfa af-





3—23 _





ter early potatoes, the expense of

sowing then would not be great, and

it could be again reseeded in the

spring if a successful stand did not

result. The experiment would be,

worth a trial. A light nurse crop of

winter wheat would be some protec-

tion during the winter or some crop

which will winter-kill might be sown,

such as buckwheat, which we have

seen successfully used as a cover crop

for fall-seeded clover.



The presence of limestone in this

field would indicate that lime enough

is present to insure the success of al-

falfa, although a part of the field

should be limed to determine this

question absolutely, if there is any

doubt as to the condition of the soil.

There is such a great difference in the

growth of alfalfa on land which. con-

tains plenty of lime and land which

does not, that it does not pay to take

chances on this proposition unless one

is sure. In inoculating for alfalfa with

soil from an old alfalfa field, some

farmers claim much better results

where a ton of soil per acre is used.

This amount, however, need not be

used to secure good results. Some

claim to get good results by the glue

method where only a small amount of

soil is used with the seed. It would

be better to sow 200 or 300 pounds per

acre than less, dragging same in im—

mediately after sowing, doing the

work preferably on a. cloudy day.

Hydrated Lime vs. Ground Limestone.





Can you inform me where to obtain

hydrated lime? Am advised to use it

in seeding alfalfa for quick results.

What is the nature of the lime? Must

it be kept in the dry until ready to

use? What is its cost compared with

ground limestone and how much

should one sow to the acre on a very





acid soil?



Berrien Co. M. W. K.



Hydrated lime is caustic lime which

has been slaked by a steam process

without having sufficient moisture ad-

ded to it so but that it can be kept for

a considerable period in the paper

sacks in which it is ordinarily sold.

It should, of course, be kept dry until

used, but will not deteriorate quickly

as will ordinary lump lime. It can be

purchased from any builder’s supply

concern, as it is the form of lime now

commonly used in building opeartions.

It costs more than double the amount

per ton that ground limestone can be

secured for, but contains a much larg-

er proportion of calcium, for which

reason it is not necessary to use such

a large amount to sweeten an acid

soil.

sults in the neutralizing of soil acidity.



The writer has found 500 pounds per





It gives very much quicker re-,





 





acre of hydrated lime to be more ef~ 1

fective the first year than 2,000 pounds I





of ground limestone. It does not, how-

ever, furnish as much, actual lime to

the soil and will not supply needed

lime for so long a period of time. Not

more than one ton per acre of hydrat-

ed lime should be used on a very acid

soil, and probably half that amount

would be sufficient to correct any or-

dinary condition of acidity. We have

developed the practice of sewing both

ground limestone and hydrated lime

where a field which has not been pre-

viously limed is being prepared for al-

falfa, on account of the quicker action

gotten from the hydrated lime.





 





HARVESTING VETCH.





 





I would like to know if any Michi—





gan Farmer readers have had any ex-





perience in cutting rye and vetch for

seed, and what machine they used. I

cut mine with a mower last year, and

it threshed out most of it, but it does

not look to me as if a binder would

work in it. ‘



' Kent Co. A. A. LAMBERTSON.





 





“Try-a-bag” of fertilizer. Our brands

are soluble and active, and not only

increase yield, but improve quality

and hasten maturity. Agents Wanted.

Address American Agricultural Chem-





I , -m—JA





ical 00., Cleveland, Cincinnati, Detroit ‘





or Baltimore—Adv.
Waterproofed

' Standid Sprays _





   





Paris Green Arsenate of Lead

Guaranteed Waterproof





Costs no more waterproofed;

and goes farther. One spraying

usually suflicient for an entire

season. Not washed off by rain.



Made according to U. S. Gov-

ernment formulas regulating the

production of insecticides and

fungicides. As already supplied

to agricultural departments and

experimental stations, to which

inquirers may refer.



Furnished in Dry Powdered

Form or in Water Paste.





Inquire of Your Dealer





International Color &. Chemical Co.





Detroit. Michigan





 





 





 





THE MICHIGA





1TH the appearance of 3.

Farmers' Bulletin (551), giv-

ing a rather complete ac-



count of the growing of ginseng, more

[and more inquiries are going to arise

in the minds of small householders

“about this interesting plant. Men with

la vacant back lot or so, farmers with

la small acreage or with a small wood-

ilot, are beginning to wonder if ginseng

lis not the crop to utilize the idle

spaces. Those who may have passed

Ithe alluremcnts of the startling gin-

.seng advertisements, “$60,000 an

acre," will not. with complete informa-

tion at hand, be considering the pos-

lsibilities of this plant as part of a

[gardening scheme. It is the purpose

{of this article to tell in a few words

'the routine of the culture of ginseng;

to answer the usual questions as to

markets; and to throwlight on the re-

{turns which are obtainable. Let me

[remind the reader that anyone can





 





 





 





[figure the possibilities per acre and





 





 





 





 





The Original MLGilesd H ydraulicl’reu ,

produces more cider from less

apples than any other and 18

a BIG MONEY MAKER. Sizes '

10 to 400 barrels daily. Also

cider evsporstors, apple-but- iv

for cookers, vinegar genera-

tors. filters, etc. Fully guarau.

teed. Write for catalog.

HYDRAULIC PRESS 1110.00. , .

131 Lincoln Ave., Mt. Gilead, Ohio.





The ACRE-AN-HOUR Sifter

Boats every hand implement. for killing P0-

tntn,Mslnn Bugs, CshbngsWorms. etc Applies

J Plaster, Lime. ctr... mixed With Psi-is Green

. or Arsenute of Lead. Regulates to cover his

or little plants.slso to apply any quantity of

' i. any kind of manufactured dry insecticides,

_ Will operate as futon desired. oneness-

ler and faster than any 35, SW or $13



pray pump. insist on your dealer show-





: ll





9!!





 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





inc,r you this wonderful little implement.

, Prepaid. 75c. Agents wanted. Circulars.

“w- ACRE-AN-HOUR SIFTER CO.





Dept. E, Poughkeepsie. N. Y.





A LALFA





Germination high. Government tested. Absolutely guar-

anteed Northern grown, extremely hardy. Have Tur.





kestan Alfalfa' Sweet Clover: Timothy; grass seed of all





k on growing





kinds. Ask for our latest (ill-page

All lent Free.





Alfalfa, 92-min catalog and sam les.

We can save you money. Write to ay.

A. A. BERRY SEED 00.. Box 43] CLARIHDA. IOWA





 





 





LILLIE’S SPECIAL BRANDS





BUF F ALO FERTILIZER





Made from best material. Always reliable.

Lime. Potash. Acid Phosphate. Nitrate of Bode.

Agents wanted in unoccupied territory. Ship di-

rect to farmers in cariots. Fertilizer questions

answered and form soil surveys made on request.





.00

PER

u.





lfigures twice as extravagant as those

[which I shall name are current. In

[the rest of the paper the rosy picture

conjured up under possibilities is nec-

essarily dimmed by the probabilities

of the case. It is not my purpose to

be merely pessimistic, but no one

should enter the business of raising

ginseng with only poSsibilities in mind.

The various items which may properly

be considered as factors in diminish-

ing “arithmetical returns" are invest-

ment in shading, danger of depreda-

pests, costs of labor, etc.

A Native Forest Plant.



Ginseng is a forest plant of wide

distribution in northeastern and cen-

tral United States, and in its culture

in any of these native regions forest

conditions are maintained or imitated.

The commerce in ginseng began long





 





hunters have scoured the woods to

find the patches of the wild plant. A

lucky find would easily pay for the

Winter’s “grub.” The Indians in north-

ern Michigan and Wisconsin were

very industrious in this prospecting,

and developed into shrewd traders.

The story has it that many a tack or

even lead bullet found its way to the

unsuspecting Chinamen. With the in-





 





Colon C. Lillie, Sales Ash. Coopersville. Mich.





Celery Blanching Paper





Heavy gray stock resembling paste board.

The best for blanching. In rolls 36 inches

wide, 500 sq. ft. , weigh 40 lbs. , $1 per roll.

Send for free samples and quantity prices.





Sylvesinrs. Small, 259 8. 3rd St, Phila, Pa.





 





 





creasing scarcity of the wild root and

a marked increase in price, the cul—

ture of the plant has commenced in

all parts of the country.



The plant is grown in beds and

these should-be well drained and heav-

ily shaded. Shading is usually made

of lath, spaced about five-eighths of





 





 





 





 





CORN HARVESTER





That boats them all. One horse cuts 2 rows. Carries

to the shock. Worked by 1. 2 or 3 men. No danger.

No twine. Free Trial. We a‘so make Stump Pullers

and Tile Ditchers. Catalog Free. Agents Wanted.





:1. o. BENNETT a co.. Westervllie. Ohio.

MICHIGAN GROWN





WHITE SWEET (10er





Ask for samples and pricrs.

YOUNG-RANDOLPH SEED C0.. Owosso. Michigan.

High Specially





SWEET GLOVE" SEED- treated for full quick ger-





mination. i’rioosand information on request.

EVERETT BARTON. Box 129. Falmouth, Ky.

send sample and full particu-





L Write to office nearest you.





1 rs.

nu: “10an crown COMPANY

Huskegon. Mich.. and Benton Harbor. Mich





—You should get the highest grade

of limestone manufactured. Buy

it upon the basis of analysis. We

manufacture the highest rude pul-





. vented limestone sold in ichigan.

Let us prove It. Ask for sample and analysis.

CAMPBELL STONE 00.. Indian Ilvor. Mloh.





LIMESTONE





For general farm use. Finely pulverized. nude from hi e t

high calcium stone. Quick shipments in closed car-3 Let 113$:an

sample and price. Northern Limo 60.. Pete-key.Mleh.





 





 





qual ity.





 





Pulvorized lime rock for “sour"

soils. Write for LOW PRICES

DIRECT TO YOU and we will





 





 





When writing to adver-

tisers please mention the

Michigan Farmer.





an inch and supported six or seven

feet above the ground on durable wood

posts or discarded gas pipes. Types

and kinds of shade materials are so

numerous that shadingis a study in

itself. Naturally enough no two grow-

ers agree on this complex proposition

~011e uses a peaked shade with hing-

ed drops, another lays the lath in

squares, which may be removed in

winter, while still another uses brush.

Each is sure he is right and has the

better shade without knowing why.

Accordingly, the grOWers’ conventions

are usually lively enough. All agree

that the sides should be open to allow

free ventilation.

Making‘a Start.



The beginner buys seed at two dol-

lars or less per thousand, and usually

some two and three-year-old roots.

Since the seed requires a resting pe-

riod of about 18 months before it will

sprout, seed of 1914 will not grow un-

til the spring of 1916. For a slight ad-

vance in price one can buy “stratified

seed" from the crop of 1912, and this

will germinate immediately. The seed

is sewn broadcast, or is drilled into a

prepared seed bed. The seeds germi-

nateslowly in warm favorable weath~

er, and the young seedlings must be

watched carefully, and the ground





 





stirred about them‘in order-to prevent





ago, and for scores of years “Sang".





N FARMER





'By G. H. COONS





damping off. The seedlings are left

in the beds for two years, and then

are reset in another bed, in rows six

inches apart, and with the plants six

orseven inches apart in the row. The

plants are allowed to grow in this bed

until they are five years old. Some

growers, however, advocate leaving

the roots to become six or seven years

old before digging, claiming that the

increase in weight and quality more

than pays for the additional time. The

old roots are dug, washed, sorted, and

dried slowly. The fibrous roots are

broken off, and this fibre can be sold

from 50 Cents to $1 a pound. When

the main roots go to market, various

gradings affect it. First-class roots of

the right type bring about $5 or more

a. pound. Small or misshapen roots

may bring $2.50, or it may happen

that there is little demand for them.

The term “right type” probably needs

attention, for in this business of great

uncertainty, there is nothing more un-

certain or elusive than the exact type

that the buyers want. The ginseng

buyers lay the blame on the Chinese

markets, and judging from their vag-

aries, the wants of the Chinaman are

as unstable as the wind.

The Orient the Chief Market.



Ginseng as a commercial article has

practically only one outletwthe Orient.

A small amount of ginseng is used in

this country—abut for the most part

this is the ginseng fibre, or the ill-fav-

ored, undersized roots. We read of

certain cure—all medicines which con-

tain ginseng as an active principle,

but ginseng is not all widely used in

American medicine. There is a car-

bonated drink with the ginseng flavor,

and a ginseng gum is being pushed

vigorously just now, so that in time

ginseng may rival the aromatic mint.

Many growers with an eye to the fu-

ture hope that a domestic market may

be developed, as they fear that the

oriental trade may either slacken or

be supplied otherwise, since the Jap-

anese, who control the Korean gin-

seng, are strong competitors of the

Americans. The Chinese use the root

extensively. There are countless wild

stories—usually traceable to some

medieval consular report or some sail-

or yarn—-as to the use of ginseng

abroad. It is to the Chinese a nation-

al medicine, much like our quinine,

and the Chinese take ginseng just

about as we take quinine, whether we

need it or not! Ginseng is their uni-

versal tonic for old and young. "It is

interesting to note that our own “old-

fashioned,” but still very popular

spring tonic is sarsaparilla, a full cou-

sin to the ginseng of the Chinaman.

The Chinese also use ginseng as a

flavoring in tea and soup, and, it is

readily seen that a diet composed

largely of rice could be made of a bet-

ter flavor by this aromatic spicy root.

The crop of American ginseng is

bought by a few firms in this country,

which have agencies in Hong Kong.

No set of growers has ever perfected

an organization to sell directly to the

Chinese merchants.



The Probable Profits.



Now for the profits. We left the

two-year-old plants set six inches

apart, starting on the long growing pe-

riod of three or four years. A stout,

vigorous plant at the end of this time

should have a root worth 50 cents,

sinCe on an average there are about

ten roots to the pound. A bed seven

feet wide by 100 feet long could have

in round numbers, 2.800 such roots-—

returns $1,400. Or to be in line with

the advertisements, let us put this on

an acre basis. In an acre there are

more than 43,000 square feet. Assum-

ing four plants to the square foot, we

have a grand total of more than 1.72,-

000 roots, each worth 50 cents—$86,-

000 for one acre. Lest some reader

write .indignantly,, let .me. hasten .to,





l .....





JULY 19. 1916...





Ginsengfilts Possibilities and Probabilities





say that this is not exactly -the case.

althOugh figure and deny as you will,

these are typical arithmetical returns.

in fact everything except the real

returns.



(To be continued).





 





 





NURSERYMEN'S CONVENTION.





 





At the fortieth annual Convention of

the American Association of Nursery~

men held in Detroit, June 23-25, the

notable feature was the sending of a

telegram to President Wilson, whose

patriotic and wise policy during the

present war crisis the association en.-

dorsed and commended. Special praise

was voted the legislative committee

for the work done toward uniform in-

spection laws in all states. A bill has

been prepared for presentation when

the several legislatures next convene.

The committee on nomenclature rec-

ommended the standardizing of names

on all nurserymen’s catalogs, the au~

thorities to be the American Pomolog-

ical Society’s list for fruits, and Bail-

ey’s Standard Cyclopedia of Horticul-

ture for botanical names of ornament-

al plants.



The small space at the disposal of

the exhibitors was; crowced to the

limit with nurserymen’s and fruit

growers’ necessities and conveniences.



After the consideration of nine invi-

tations from cities, Milwaukee, Wis,

was chosen as the place to hold the

convention of 1916. Twenty-six states

were represented by vice-presidents

who reported the slate of candidates

for office. The election was unanimous

as follows: President, E. S. Welch,

of Shenandoah, Iowa; vice-president,

John Watson, of Newark, N. J.; treas-

urer, Peter Youngers, of Geneva, Neb.;

executive committee, one year, J. B.

Pelkington, of Portland, 'Oregon, and

Floyd C. Stark, of Louisiana, Mo.;_ two

years, J. H. Dayton, of aPinesville,

Ohio, and Henry B. Chase, of Chase,

Ala.; three years, J. R. Mayhew, of

Waxahackie, Texas, and F. J. South,

of Geneva, N. Y.





TROUBLE DEPARTMENT.





 





 





Spray Mixture for Potatoes.



Could you inform me how to make

a mixture for spraying for potato

blight, so as not to damage the tops?

I have tried it, and don't seem to get

it right.



Mecosta Co. W. P.



The best mixture for spraying pota-

toes is Bordeaux mixture and Paris

green. The Bordeaux mixture should

be made with four pounds of sulphate

and six pounds of fresh lime to 50

gallons of water. The copper sulphate

should be dissolved and diluted to

about 15 or 20 gallons. The lime

should be slaked carefully so that it

will be of a smooth, creamy consist-

ency after slaking.



When slaking the lime in small

amounts, it is best to use hot water,

'adding a little at a time as is neces-

sary. While it is slaking it should be

constantly stirred, so that the water

can get through the lime and prevent

its burning. This lime should also be

diluted to about 15 or 20 gallons. The

lime and copper sulphate should then

be poured together into a. third recep—

tacle, the mixture being constantly

stirred while the lime and copper sul-

phate are uniting. In this way a

smooth and efficient Bordeaux mix-

ture which will be entirely safe on pc-

tato vines, can be made.



About six ounces of Paris green

should be added when it is desired to

keep the potato bug,in check. This

spray mixture will not burn unless it

is improperly mixed or does not con-

tain a sufi‘icient amount of lime.





 





Insects destmy thirty million dol-

lars worth of fruit annually in this

country. ‘ ‘ ' ‘ ‘ ‘ '





'ti'..vl a.) i-j{.-f .3 li Li





I

l

+

l





g





 





 





 





—.
.o





7 JULY 10.1915.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER _ 5





* Live Stock and Soil Fertility





T is taken for granted by the head-

1 ing of this article that the produc-



tion, and removal of crops from

the farm removes a portion of its fer-

tility which must be restored or event-

ually the farm 'will become impover-

ished. It is also inferred, (though not

stated), that the keeping of live stock

in sufficient numbers, will maintain

its productiveness, if the manure is

carefully saved and applied to the

land. It is not denied that some farm-

ers have kept up the fertility ‘of their

farms by the use of commercial fer-

tilizers, and plowing under green crops

to provide humus.



It does not seem necessary to prove

that land under continual cultivation

is Constantly losing its fertility, not

only by the production of crops, but by

emsion. We have seen some of the

surface earth, and some of the ma-

nurethat had beenspread on it car-

ried away with the rain water into the

creeks and rivers at flood time and

borne'down to the ocean. Only a frac-

tion of this is ever returned to the

farm in the shape of fish, oysters, and

sea weeds. That the dung of animals

when applied to the land maintains its

capacity for the production of crops

has been known to farmers in all ages

of the world. Several places in the

Old TeStament speak of “dung upon

the earth,” “dung upon the face of the

earth,j’ and “dung upon the ground.”

In the New Testament the dresser of

the vineyard knew the value of dung

for fruit trees when he said: “Lord

leave it alone this year also, till

I shall dig about it, and dung it.”



It is said that Abraham was rich in

cattle, and farming with cattle was

general in ancient Greece and Rome.

In the former cattle were considered

of so much importance that the figure

of an ox was stamped on their money.



Thomas Hale, an Englishman who

wrote in 1758, says: “Dung furnishes

the great standing article of manure

throughout the kingdom.” The dung

of domestic animals contains all the

materials for the formation of every

variety of plants, in an availble form,

and in about the right proportion.



Live Stock vs. Green Manure.



Live stock is as necessary to the

farm, as the farm is to the live stock.

They feed each other to their mutual

benefit, and the benefit of the farmer.

They are bound together as closely as

the Siamese twins. Farm stock con-

sume a great amount of roughage,

such as straw, cornstalks, unmarket-

able hay, grain, weeds, culling apples,

small potatoes, loose headed cabbage,

beet tops, and things that could not be

sold at any price, and turn them into

meat, wool, and things that have a

cash value, and a ready sale. These

too, in addition to the value of the

manure thelanimals make. Very few

farmers place value enough on the

manure of farm stock. Prof. Roberts

of Cornell niversity, valued the ma-

nure of a large cow, fed on grain for

making milk, at 16 cents a day, as

compared with the cost of commercial

fertilizers containing the same amount

of fertility. In England, the farmers

raise and fatten cattle, and do not ex-

pect to make a profit, or pay for their

labor for feeding, except the value of

the manure. When they have this

clear, they consider themselves well

paid.



The kind of stock most profitable to

raise depends on the surrounding con-

ditions. In some localities, it is milch

cows, in others, hogs, horses, or sheep.



A few farmers have claimed that

they maintained the fertility of their

farms by plowing under crops of clo-

ver. They deceived themselves. The

clover returned nothing to the soil it

had not extracted from it except a.

small quantity of nitrogen. The almost

universal recourse of farmersin keep-

ing their land in good condition for

raising crops continuously, is now, and

always has been, in keeping live stock.

The few farmers who have succeeded





without live stock were surrounded

with peculiar conditions that enabled

them to do so. In the southern states

where cotton is principally raised and

all sold, fewer cattle are kept than in

the northern, and western states. The

plantations there are growing poorer,

and thousands of acres have been

abandoned. Millions of dollars worth

of commercial fertilizers are applied

to the land every year in the vain at-

tempt to maintain the fertility with-

out suflicient live stock. The slow,

and steady waste of fertility from the

ground in spite of keeping live stock,

would in the long ages of the future

make the earth as barren as Sahara,

were it not that a kind Providence has

stored the earth bountifully with min-

eral fertilizers, such as South Caro-

lina rock, potash, kainit, gypsum, lime

and marl. The atmosphere surround—

ing the earth contains an unlimited

quantity of nitrogen which can be ob—

tained, and appropriated by raising

leguminous plants. Nitrate of soda

has recently become a staple manure,

and is found in inexhaustible quanti-

ties in Peru, South America. The

bones of our animals, if saved and

ground would supply a large quantity

of excellent fertilizer. The blood of

animals, and their intestines, now

often wasted, should be preserved

for manure. Among the natural ma-

nures used by the farmers in England

to advantage, are burned chalk, burn-

ed clay, ‘ochre, sea shells, Fuller’s

earth, ashes, soot, sea weeds and old

rags. Pure sand will improve a clay

soil, and pure clay will benefit a sandy

soil.





Pennsylvania. J. W. INGHAM.





SHEEP ON MICHIGAN CUT-OVER

LANDS.





 





(Continued from first page).



Mr. Mashek said the sheep got very

thin by January, browsing upon the

brush and other wild feed available,

and this year he will begin feeding

earlier. It should be understood that

Mr. ‘Mashek purposely subjected 'the

sheep to these extremes of pasture

with a view‘to studying the possibili—

ties of such wild pastures.



What Mr. Mashek has done others

can do, for there are thousands of

acres of cut-over lands in northern

Michigan, the great majority of them

superior to those used by him to pas-

ture sheep, and the land is benefited

by their pasturing upon it. A study

of the accompanying cuts will prove

of interest. Northern Michigan is nat-

urally a grass and clover soil. In the





limestone districts and in the heavy‘





clays, blue-grass and clover become

self seeded and just naturally grow

wild. This region offers great oppor-

tunities for sheep and wool production.

‘ W. F. RAVEN,

Stock Agent for M. A. C.





 





The development of a fair export

demand for heavy cattle to export to

France to be used for beef for the

Allied forces in the field was an im—

portant factor in the marked rise in

prices in western feeding districts.

During the month of May heavy steers

advanced fully $20 per head, and of-

fers of $9 per 100 pounds at country

shipping points were refused by own-

ers in a. number of instances. Recent—

ly published official figures of the fed-

eral government show that during the

ten months ending with April fresh

beef exports reached the enormous

total of 101,944,565 pounds, while 55,-

702,781 pounds of canned beef were

exported; comparing with exports of

only 5,182,842 pounds of fresh and 2,-

932,419 pounds of canned beef during

the like period a year ago. In addi-

tion there were exports of 21,960,203

pounds of pickled beef during ten

months ending April 30.





W. W. Terrett, a pioneer cattle

grower of Montana, said recently:

“Cattle should be prime by the middle

of August if present prospects are ful-

filled. There will be less cattle to go

forward than last year from this sec-

tion,'as many owners were tempted to

sell their three-year-old cattle; last au-

tumn.” i





 





 





 

   





,, ti“,

\ .





: vfi\\.;

“3‘; \H"





John Deere Spreader . Q

The Spreader with the Beater On the Axle "





The beater—the business part of a spreader—and all its





an





 





driving parts, is mounted on the rear axle. This is a pat- Just Off the Press

ented feature. You cannot get it on any other spreader. Illustrates and de-

The beater on the axle means there are no clutches to scribes themost com-

give trouble, less than half the parts heretofore used on plate line ofifarm

implements. Tells





the simplest spreader, big drive wheels and a low down

spreader without stub axles. Only hip high to the top.





New Revolving Rake





In addition, the John Deere Spreader has a revolving

rake that delivers an even amount of manure to the

beater. ”It keeps the beater clear and working free. It

works entirely independent of the rest of the spreader and

assures uniform spreading. It decreases—~not increases——

the draft. Another exclusive feature.





Call on nearest John Deere dealer and see the spreader with

the beater on the axle. Write for “Farm Manures and Fertili-

zers,” a valuable text book free.





John Deere Inside

\\ Cup Elevator





how to adjust and

use farm tools under

varying conditions.

It is a practical ency-

clopedia. of farm im-

plements worth dol—

lars to you—s. 168

page text book.



It. tells about John

Deere Implements:

Steel plows, cultiva-

tors and barrows;

corn planters, disc

barrows and beet

tools; farm and

mountain wagons;

manure spreaders;

portable and station—

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and corn shellers:

hay loaders, stackers,

sweep rakes, mowers

and side delivery

rakes; motor hay

presses; grain drills

and seeders; full line

of chilled plows :grain

binders and corn

binders; hit-and-

miss and volume-gav-

erning gasolene en-

gines.



To get this book

free, state what spec-

ial implements you

are interested in and

ask for the book as

Package No. x - 5.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Why an Inside

Elevator





The John Deere Inside Cup Elevator

is always in the dry, and with ordinary

care will last as long as the crib does. It is

always ready for either ear corn or small grains.

It is simple in construction and operates

easily. Runs on roller bearings in both head

and boot sections. 1

Best of all, you can put up a corn crib with ‘

a granary over the driveway and equip it with

a John Deere Inside Cup Elevator for less

money than you can build the ordinary style

of crib. Ask about it.





To get our “Suggested Plans” on the “Way to

Build 3 Corn Crib and Granary, in

ofie‘, with the Largest Capacity for W

the Least Building Cost," free, state ,





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





whether you are interested in grain

elevators—stationary or portable.





 





 





 





MORE and BETTER WHEAT

from the acre at less cost to grow.





flfmquris

[Er  . 1 21.29113





 





drilled in at seeding time will promote rapid root-growth, insure

early maturity, heavy grain and more of it; reduced bushel cost;

a good clover catch and a more profitable grain crop-





IT’S THE YEAR the world needs the grain.

_

See our local dealer or write us for "XVIore Jloncg/ From W'heat.”





ARMOUR FERTILIZER WORKS

Bdtimore. Md. Nashville. Tenn.





Dept. 116





Chicago. Ill. Greensboro. N. C.





 





 





Please, mention the Michigan Farmer when you

are writing to advertisers and you will do us a favor.
THE. M I.CH I GA-





N. FA R MrE-R





 





 





NO MIXING NO BOTHER





Will positively produce more milk than any

other ration either home mixed or purchased,

and do it Without win your cows constipa~

tion or udder-tron le. early to use right out

of the sack Without any mixmg or bother.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





Absolutely free from adulterants and fillers. just like

the feed you would mix for yourself, is especial com-

bination of chOice cottonseed meal, dried beet pulp,

gluten feed. corn distillers’ ains, wheat bran, wheat

mlqdllllél‘fs and 9. little salt t at’s all; each in client

weig by automatic scales and all thorough y mixed

in huge power-driven mixers. so that it is always ab—

solutely uniform“ and always good. An extra quart

or two of milk daily from each cow may turn a loss in-

to a profit. Try LARRO-FEE‘D for more profits.

So ,on a Inn of "money luck if you are not satisfied."

dale" almost everywhere; write us If none nun: you.





The Lei-mu Milling minimal-mi- so... Detroit. Mich.





 





 





DOORS on hinges—easy . .

to open and close-—

never bind, stick or freeze

in. Better quality of silage

because of air-tight doors al-

waysjn lacefprevents silage

greezmg in wmler and dryin

in summer. Safe ladder. stee

e, erfect anchorage sys-

tem. he Lansing Silo, same

construction but with detach-

able doors. The chicken silo

for the small farmer.

Wood tanks of all kinds.





VIDEOS BROS. sun I IFS. 00.

Dept. 1 5 9 Llnooln. hon.

LII-sing. "loll.

lsot St. Lossls. Ill.





 





 





 





Hy-Rib Concrete Silos





Are low in cost. easily

hullt,undgivesatisfaotion

everywhere. Built with

out forms with only the

usual scaffolding and or-

dinarylnrmlabor. Walls

not iumred by silage

juices. Water-proof, fire<

proof. storm-proof. rat-





 





proof. Nothin to rot or

wear out. N no point-

lug or repairs. For farm





. buildings of every kind.

use fly-Rib construction.

Hy-liih combines within

itselfreinlorooment,

forms. lath and studs.

Sil) Catalog Free

Containing useful] infor-

mation. and examples of

farm buildings. Write

day. Agents Wanted.





TRU‘SID CONCRETE um. co.

688 Trussed Concrete Building. Detroit. Mich.





iHEHOOSI ERS'to

txnnsuon-Roor





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





.. is; ,

Roof Open and filled Roof Closed (Section of

with Ensilage Roof and Silo removed)





The Hoosier Root will make your silo 100 er cent

efficient. No space lost by your ensllnge sett inc. It

is the kind of silo roof you have been looking for.

Write nearest office for catnio and learn why Hoosier

customers say that the “HO SIER ROOF ought to

be on every silo."





SHEET METAL SPECIALTY 00.. 537 New York Sl., Goshsn. lnd.





W rite, Phone or Wire! A '





a E have thestock and can make A _

i immediate shipment, enabling [-1— \\

you to preserve 100 per cent of

your corn crop in the





lNginM





Easy to erect. No special tools or skilled

labor needed. Every stave guaranteed.

You pay lor the lndiana Silo out of what it

saves on feed bill. Address nearest office.

THE INDIANA 811.0 CO.

Anderson. Ind. Des lollies, lows

humility. lo. It. Worth, Tom L\





 





 





 





 





Michigan Livestock lnsurancé llo.

Capital Stock—$100,000. Surplus—$100,000

Home Office—Saginaw, Michigan.





Only Home Co. in Michigan.





COLON C. 1.111.]! President.

II. J. WELLS, -:- Sscrstsry-‘l'rssssrsr.





 





 





Mention lllclllgan Farmer when Irlllnglo' advsrllsmlone who has followed the practice of





 





Managing a Summer Dairy





upon the subject of winter



dairying, and in consequence

very many more cows freshen now in

the fall or early winter than formerly.

This is an improvement over the 01d

method of having all the cows fresh‘

en in spring, give a large quantity of

milk in the early summer when‘butter

was cheap, and the weather so warm

that it was a task to make good but-

ter at all, go down in their milk flow

in July, and stand in the stable dry all

through the winter. Truly we have

made some progress within the past

few years, and all our campaigns of

education have not been wasted.



But much as we might like to have

all our cows freshen at a. particular

time, things do not at all times shape

themselves exactly to our liking, and

it occasionally happens that the old

cows have ways of their own, and we

are obliged to be thankful to have

them come fresh in spring, if they

will not do so in the fall. .

Summer Dairying a Problem for All.



Then, too, it is sometimes best for

certain reasons, to have some of our

cows freshen in the latter part of the

winter, and even though they all have

given milk through the entire winter,

they will give almost as much as when

the grass is good in the month of

May as cows that have just freshened



Cows that freshen in October or No-

vember should give an excellent flow

of milk through May and June, and

not fall off greatly before the latter

part of July. So it happens that we

all have the problem of the summer

dairy to contend with.



My mind often goes back to the

days when I was a boy and took my

first lessons in summer dairying, hunt

ing cows among the hills of north

western Pennsylvania. The cows wan.

dered in the best of pasture through

out the first half of the summer, but

by and by the dry period of summer

came and the cows gave less and less,

until in the early winter, they dried

up altogether, their only remaining 00-

cupation being to eat timothy hay,

with a little clover mixed in for

variety.



Plenty of Feed Necessary,



But father was a good dairyman, for

he lived up to the light he had, and

those cows made 200 pounds of butter

each in a year. Had they been pri'v-

ileged to live under modern conditions

of feed and care they would have. done

him great credit.



The greatest necessity of the sum<

'mcr dairy is plenty of the right kind

of feed all the time. As long as the

cattle feed on nature’s balanced ration

on the green pasture hills, there is

no trouble, but the pastures do not

last and when they grow short and

dry something must be done or the

{milk will be as short as the pastures.



I always hesitate a little before tell-

ing a beginner that his cows should

have grain when they are on grass. It

always seems to me that if we can

only get him to feed them well while

they are in the stable, he will learn

for himself the value of liberal feed-

ing and will of his own accord contin-

ue this same liberal treatment even

after they are turned out.



Cows need a much smaller allow-

ance of grain when they are running

in the pasture than when they are on

a. winter ration, but it pays to feed

them grain when they are in the pas-

ture. I do not know that it greatly

increases their flow of milk at the

time, but it gives them a certain de-

gr‘be of reserve force, that always

means more milk later on when the

pastures get shorter.



Summer Feeding of Grain Helpful.



It also helps to keep up the regular

flow of milk, when the grass is tem-

porarily shortened, and the cows do

Inot get as much in consequence. No





MUCH has been written and said





 





 





 





 





.. 4 _ -..,... .. V





feeding a little grain to cows on pas-

ture, will doubt the truth of this state-

ment. 'But shall we continue to pas-

ture our cows or shall we feed them

throughout the summer months from

crops grown on the farm, supplement-

ed by feeds purchased outside?



Pasture grass has this advantage, it

can be harvested by the animals that

consume it. Also, it will grow on

rough ground, where it is not possi-

ble to run improved machinery.



We should without doubt pasture

all fields that are not in condition for

tillage, and should so care for the pas-

ture, as to get the largest amount of

grass from it during the season.



But in addition to the grass furnish-

ed by the pasture and the small

amount of grain fed, we need still

more feed, and so we must build the

summer silo. Generally we need not op-

en it until the. pastures begin. to fail

or a little later, but we can'each judge

of that for ourselves.





Summer Silo Beneficial.



If it is to be of the most service to

us, the summer silo should be filled

with corn that is quite well matured.

It will not do to think that because

the cows are on pasture, they can get

along with poorer ensilage than when

they are in winter quarters. Ensilage

that is immature and watery is not

nearly so good as that which is just

right. When the corn is nicely dent-

ed it is fit to go into the silo, and

though it may go in sooner, it is al-

ways at a loss of food value.



The summer silo should be smaller

in diameter than the one used to store

feed for winter use. Ensilage spoils

quickly when it is exposed to the air

in warm weather, and so it is import-

ant to remove considerable from the

top of the silo at each feeding. If the

ensilage lS lowered from two to two

and a half inches each day, the qual-

ity will remain excellent all through

the summer.



In feeding ensilage in warm weath-

er, much care should be taken to

keep the mangers sweet and clean.

Some cows are very sensitive about

their mangers and some are less par-

ticular, but in any case the mangers

should be cleaned out each morning,

as soon as the cows are turned out.



We should give the cows all the en-

silage they will consume, but no more.

If we try to make them eat more than

they want by giving them too large a.

feed, they will leave quite an amount

and gradually they will get the habit

of culling, and will not eat as much as

they would had we given them simply

what they would consume at the time

with a relish.



Supplementing Short Pastures.



In supplementing short. pastures

with ensilage, a little grain will be

found to pay. The grain should be

rich in protein. Bran and gluten meal

make an excellent mixture. If the

grass is constituting quite a propor-

tion of the ration, then corn meal,

corn flake feed, or homlny may be

used in the grain mixture. '



If we have alfalfa hay, we need feed

no grain with the ensilage. The cows

will eat enough alfalfa, grass and en-

silage to keep them giving a good flow

of milk all summer, and while they

will not do quite as well as though

they were fed grain, we shall get a

larger net profit out of them unless we

wish to keep more cows. In this case,

we may feed grain, and increase our

herd, cutting down~the allowance of

roughage somewhat.



There is work to fill each day in the

summer, too full as it seems to us

sometimes, and the feeding of en-

silage and grain to the cows through—

out the busiest time of the year, sug-

gests more work. The prospect is not

inviting, and it is no wonder that at

first we shrink from it. But only by

feeding the herd liberally and regular-





ly. can we get the most out of them in





 





 





 

 





2,5 l 79_S 52575534539.





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ese prices pos-

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andsold direct goods. onot: ‘

buyan engine. spreader or





an





 

 

 





summer prices. Man- SPREADER. \

ul'acturinii improvements 7. DP

have enab ed us. to slash

the Price and maintain the



qua Ity. All Galloway goods sold

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Wm. Galloway Germany



I 187 Waterloo. lows





 





'mepiznrrzcr

CORN HARVESTER





Works in any

kind of soil. Cuts

stalks—doesn't pull like

olhercutlers. Absolutely no «use:

Cuts Four to Seven Acres a Day

lth one man and one horse. Here is what one

Krmer says: Napoleon, Ohio, Feb. 2, 1915

Gentlemen: I received my comrharvester last

September and used it all through corn cutting. am

perfectly satisfied with it as it does all on say and

more too. Yours truly. C. . Dolph.





 

   





 





 





 

 





SOLD DIRECT TO THE FARMEI

Send for booklet and circulars telling all about this

labor—saving machine: also containing testimonials

of many users. Send for this circular matter today-





 

 

   





 





LOVI MANUFACTURING COMPANY

00m. 5 Lino-In, llllnoll





 





   





 





Three sizes. 6 to 18 H. P.. direct drive

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Sold on trial





gRDSENTHAL





leO F'LLERS Backed bilguaran‘





tee. Write forfree

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and record book

1 also catalog.

llOSElTllAl. Ml

liliSlEI co.





ox

Milwaukee. Wis.





 





Get All The Cream





Cleveland Cream Separators get

all the cream. They are

teed. The run easier, T e

' longer. west put: to o eon.

‘ They cost less because they not

all the cream. Agents wanted.





The Cleveland Cream Sepsnlor Co..

1017 Power Ave.. Cleveland. Ohio





 





 

 





 

 

 





~with this common sense



farm ditcher and road

" ' grader. No wheels or

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, guranlu. Simple—Pmdml.





loo onl one-fourth of hi machines. Does some

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tlon and introductory proposition.



Disasters llilchorbandsr Cs.lnc. 803830 Grantham."-





Ml NERALmne

‘ H EAVE 32am





   

 

 

 





   





 





flstikste triangle“! givet sfg‘ismtion or money

0 . es s so men insry cases.

undulations-slice. 453 Eastman-a.





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SAVE $1 . ... . A



you stock 5.89%? yourself with

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For sites t sud most effective way to kill.





on! Destruction" free on Mat.

use. More. fllool. m





 

 





 





common salt.

worms. Write for

W.- ooom . m





NOTICE!





Write totfhe 5:11:11an stench lo:.“ 10“.]: {or literature

Or m‘ nnl‘ on:

HUMANE s‘rKnlifiroiii‘Pwoaxs. Bar-boo. we.





 





 

 





DAIRYHEN Dealers Aconts WATCHERS FLY _

KILLER. Best





on earth for Horses. Cattle.

Poultry. Write for our special W.

Nonhwood lmulnoturlng 00.. ll. 1.





 





Government Farmers Weltedflm‘g. 1‘: I





21 to 56." mm 17 F. St. Louis.





Mention the Michigan Farmer





"I“ Willem ,-4v¢rfl-:,~--e .





 





. l
JULY 10, 1915.





proportion to the expense of main-

taining them, and it is much better to

keep a smaller dairy and take proper

care of them, than to have a lot of

cows running in a brown pasture look-

ing for something to eat and finding

only enough to keep them alive and

nothing, or next to nothing, out of

which to make milk.



Dairying and General Farming.



As it seems to the writer, the only

sensible thing for the man to do who

wishes to keep a dairy in connection

with the managing of a general farm,

is to keep as many cows as he can

care for and no’more, to be sure that

those cows are the very best he can

have at the time, and to so care for

them, and so breed them as to be sure

of getting the very most out of them

that it is possible to get, and to have

constantly coming on, young heifers,

well-bred and well-kept, to take their

places by and by.



A small dairy made up of the right

kind of cows, properly fed and cared

for, will bring in each month in the

year a nice little sum which will be

always welcome, for it will come along

just at the right time to meet the

needs of the household.



It will make a, little more work to

be sure, but this work can be divided

among the different members of the

family, and if it is properly done, the

lesson is a good practical one in agri-

culture for the boys in the home.



The herd thus maintained will add

much to the fertility of the farm and

its influence will be felt in every crop

that is grown. Finally, if one wishes

to dairy at all, the profit is all on the

side of working each cow in the herd

for all she can do, and for so breed-

ing them that better and better cows

may be produced as the years go by.



W. F. TAYLOR.





 





JERSEY CLUB MEETS AT THE

COLLEGE.





 





The Michigan Jersey Cattle Club

met at the Agricultural College, East

Lansing, Friday, June 25. Prof. and

Mrs. Anderson and niece were the

hostvand hostesses in behalf of the

College, and the club members were

escorted by them on a tour of inspec—

tion through the dairy building, where

they were treated to ice cream, and

then cut to the yards where the Jer-

sey cows were placidly grazing. They

certainly looked contented and happy

and, 'together with the Jersey calves

running about, were a beautiful sight.





llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillll|llllillllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllilllllllilllillllllllillllllllllllllllllllltillllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll‘





THE MICHI





Strolling along further we .found}

chairs placed in a semi-circle on the

well-kept lawn, and in the shade of

stately trees.



The meeting was called to order by

Mr. R. R. Smith; the president. The

minutes of the January meeting were

read and approved. Mr. Probert, of

Jackson, outlined the plans of the Am-

erican Jersey Cattle Club whereby

they hope to establish a uniform mod-

el constitution outline and it was de-

cided to postpone printing the new

constitution and by-laws until this

plan is completed. Mr. Probert also

told of the resolution passed by the

A. J. C. C. at the annual meeting au-

thorizing the board of directors to em-I

ploy a field manager whose duty itl

shall be to attend the meetings of thel

state associations and to aid in the‘

promotion of the Jersey in any way

possible. I



The national club also proposes to‘

place a publicity man on the fieldi

who shall, among other things, sys-

tematize all advertising of the clubs’

in such a manner as to make it both;

more economical and effective. Gen-l

eral discussion of the needs of the

club, how to make it of more benefit

to its members, and how to better

promote the Jersey interests, follow-

ed. Prof. Anderson announced dinner

and the club adjourned to the dining-

room, where full justice was done to

a very fine dinner which had been pre-

pared by the College.



After a short intermission the meet-

ing was again called to order. After

general remarks and discussion by

several of the gentlemen the matter of

booths at the county fairs was taken

up. It had already been decided by

the executive committee to have Jer-

sey booths at the various county fairs

where the people would be welcome

and where Jersey literature would be





distributed and Jersey interests pro-

moted. Several gentlemen volunteer-

ed to take charge of such a booth in

their several counties. Mr. Probert

reported that the A. J. C. C. would

furnish pictures and literature for the

booths free of charge.





Mr. W. F. Raven, the only charter

member of the club, told of the growth

and progress of the club since its or-

ganization. After more informal talk

the club adjourned. There were about

35 gentlemen and ladies in attendance

and all felt that the day had been one

of pleasure and profit. The club wish

to express their most hearty thanks

to the College and to Prof. and Mrs.

Anderson for their entertainment and

the good things provided. for their

comfort and pleasure.



Mns. P. H. WALKER, Sec.





 





 





 





 





 





World’s Greatest Producer of Butter-fat.





The Holstein-Friesian cow Finderne

Pride Johanna Rue 121083 has broken

all records for fat production, not only

Holstein—Friesian but those of all oth-

er breeds, by producing in 365 conse-

cutive days 28,4037 lbs. of milk con-

taining 1,176.47 lbs. of butter-fat. She

freshened at the age of five years,

four months, four days. Her sire is

Johanna Rue 3d’s Lad 26939; her dam

is Jondine Pride 60247. She was bred

by Mr. Bernhard Meyer, Finderne, N.

J., and is now owned by The Somer-

set Holstein Breeders’ Company, of

New Jersey. The test was made un-

der the supervision of the New Jer-

sey Agricultural College, and for the

semi—official test there-wereveight dif-

ferent supervisors; employed ,in ,the.

conduct. Near the close of her 11th





 





 





month in yearly test Finderne Pride

Johanna Rue was placed on strict offi-

cial test for 30 days with every milk-

ing watched, Weighed, sampled and

tested by the supervisor then in

charge, and in that time produced

2,437.3 pounds of milk containing 117.-

639 pounds. During the best seven

days, beginning 358 days after fresh-

ening, the production was 602.4 lbs.

of milk containing 28.831 lbs. fat: and

by this production she for the second

time broke the record in the division

of records begun not less than 240

days from freshening. Thus, this cow

produced in seven days almost as

much fat at. the. close of her yearly

test as she did in' her best. seven-days

at.the. beginning of that test. "and she

now stands as queen of all dairy cows.





o





 





GAN FARMER 7—27





orld’s highest Silo





easilyi filled _with





BLIZZARD





Ensilage Cutter





Silos keep going higher, but never too high

to be filled with a Blizzard. The silo in the

picture is almost 100 ft. high—the elevating

height is 93 ft.—and aNo. l3 Blizzard does

the work easily. The big silo is on the farm

of Allie Christ, Seven Mile, Ohio.





The Blizzard is light—running. Your regular farm

engine will run it. It has an enormous appetite.

Makes you hustle to keep it fed. Self-feed table

saves one man’s work. Simple, easy to run, abso-

lutely safe. Cuts evenly—runs day—in-day-out With-

out a hitch—costs little or nothing for repairs—many

still in use after 10, 12 and 14 years service.





Send for the 1915 catalog





—get the whole story

of what the Blizzard can

do for you.





The Joseph Dick

Mfg. Company

Box 24





Canton, Ohio 5‘: '7 A,

ll





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





 





 





 





   

 





\ ' ' “ E TRIED to test your F

l , Whirlwind to its full capacity

but could not get the Corn to it fast



enough—four tons in 15 minutes and with a 12 H.





P. Gasoline Engine” Writes the Dairy Supt. of a



Western State Agricultural College.

Investigate—learn about the “’hirlwind’s one piece W’heclfthe

heaviest made—-\vliich insures big capai-ily and highest possuble

elevations at uniform ('lll 1 ing spew]. Uniform speed means uni-

formly applied contrilugul strain and therefore absolute safety.

. Five sizes—two styles of mounting and feed tables—fewest

working parts—hence least; friction. “'hirlwind iron Withstands from 9,000

to 17,000 lbs. greater shocks and strains per square

inch than fine cast

Get our free Catalogue and Booklet "Why

and How to Fill a Silo." They tell the story.

Our Agents’ “70(3th

\Vhirlwind Bulletin

is also free; it's pep-

133;. pared with inside out-

ter information--Write for it.





Wilder-Strong lmpl’t Co.

Box 13, Monroe, Michigan





   

   

   

   





 

   

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





 





a nd New to





 





Iflo





 

 

 





 

 





 





 





 





 





as .

S; Capamty

355 Economy



i :3 s f



‘ I. no a ety



'i'l Iii EE New



ii i '1' Different





 





 





 





5..





SILO FILLERS AND





. o PRICED

Glazed Tile 51105 To you Home Town

SILOS to can cost first—then pay. HOW? Ask, giving size.





_-_

—_

-

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=





E.

.. _i_

§=;g§§





 





 





II“ o o ,



ll“ Kalamazoo 1gp; Co., Kalamazoo, Michigan



.‘. ‘ N0. fORT WORTH. MINNEAPOLIS. KANSAS CITY,

TEXAS. M . 0.





sun riiiiiia Micniiinu





Especially Designed for Gas Engine Power





Guaranteed to deliver silagle into the silo at 50 _0 less speed and 30%





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





our ess power than or marily required.

_' Cuts the silage in uniform lengths which

35th insures the_Best of Feed. Silage, packs

oar . 23.9 closer, which‘ permits of more tonnage





7- . into the silo. For strength, durability,

capacity and easy-to-feed—Ross Machines

are unexcelled. Write for catalog.

THE E. W. R055 00.

’30: 114 Springfield. Ohlo

We also manufacture the Ron. Wood

'and ll-DI-STR-llOT-O m Illa. ‘





 

 

 

 





. Guaranteed ,.

L' ‘ free from de-

' fects,notonly

for one 'year, but

~ for (if. of machine.
1.“... -....._....._~...__.-._~..... . ,- “an”... . ..1..—.._.‘c....._... 1, . . . ..





28—8,





Practical





lflllllfllllllllllllillllllllllj'





RELATION OF CHEMISTRY TO AG-

RICULTURE.





 





No. 2.

BY FLOYD w. ROBISON.

Soil. .



The information placed at the dis-

posal of agriculturists concerning the

soil has been obtained in a large de-

gree as a direct result of laboratory

investigation. Until chemistry began

prying into the secrets of the soil it

was considered to be a dead, inert

mass. Strange things have been dis-

covered as a result of research into

the character of soils and into the be-

havior of soil, discoveries which have

revolutionized our ideas of the

importance of the soil. It was former-

ly considered to be largely a mechan-

ical structure which conveniently held

the plant while it derived its suste-

nance from the air and water for its

growth. But laboratory research has

shown that it is much more than this;

that it is a living laboratroy itself

analytic and synthetic changes are

constantly going on, which changes

are the direct forerunners of crop pro~

duction. It has been shown that the

character and extent of crop produc-

tion depends very materially 011 the

texture, chemical composition and

kind of soil, and there are definite rea-

sons for this. It is true that by far

the greater amount of material manu-

factured into plant tissue is not a pro-

duct of the soil at all but it is through

the administrative influence of certain

agents in the soil that an organic

structure can be built.



Water is the Medium of Plant Growth

and Soil Activity.



As in all life action, one of the most



important mediums of growth is wa-

ter and there is probably no other

product which has so important an in-

fluence upon plant growth as water.

Consequently we may be prepared to

believe't‘hat one of the most important

soil relationships is its relationship to

Water. 011 this scale the laboratory

has shed a great deal of: light and the

many cultivation processes that are

now common practice are established

upon the principles which laboratory

investigation has worked out.

‘ One of the first investigators to sug-

gest the importance of a study of the

physical cOmponents of soils was Hil-

ard who established a‘ method of

measuring the various sizes of soil

particles which go to make up any

particular soil. A careful examination

of the soil will disclose various types

present; types of soils which vary mas

terially not only in physical structure

but in their chemical composition, and

much depends upon the comparative

amounts of these different soil types

which are present in any one soil and

they have a very important bearing

upon soil fertility.



It must be obvious that the natural

plant lubricant is water and it will re-

quire but little imagination for one to

realize that all nourishment and all

processes‘which promote plant growth

have. an important cOnnection with the

water supply. W'hat mineral constitu-

ents 0f soils are taken up by plants

must be taken 11p, of course, through

the water in the soil.



The Way in Which Water Acts.



We are in 'the habit of considering

water as rather weak in. its dissolving

power, particularly as applied to soils.

That this is not true is not readily ap-

preciated but in view of the facts

which laboratory investigation have un-

covered regarding the character of

soils and Particularly in the l'ght of

Hilgard's data regarding the different

sized particles which go to make up a

soil we think it may be quite appar-

ent What a tremendous factor water





lll'llllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllIlllllll.illillllllllllllllllll111111111111Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll. llllllIll1111111111llllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllflllllllllllllm





real »





Sciennce





llll|11Il111lllillllllllfllllllllllll





is in its solvent action on the different

constituents of soils. King makes a

very excellent illustration in some-

what the following way. He says that

if you drop a marble in a glass of wa-

ter and Withdraw it again it comes

away surrounded by a thin film of

water which covers completely the

entire surface of the marble. Sup«

pose, now, this marble will fit exactly

into a cube one inch on a side. We

can estimate quite accurately the in-

fluence of water on a grain of soil the

size of a marble which will fit into a

cube one inch on a side. Suppose,

now, this marble holds a film which

may be designated as 3.1416 square

inches in area. Suppose, again, that

,he diameter of the marble is reduced

from one inch to .1 inch and the cube

is filled with marbles of this size. A

Simple mathematical computation will

Show that there will be 1,000 marbles

.1 inch in diameter which will now fill

the space originally filled by a marble

one inch in diameter. Now, the area

of the 1,000 marbles which is suscep-

tible to the influence of the water film

is increased from 3.1416 square inches

to 31.416 square inches. Suppose, now,

the diameter of these marbles be

further reduced to .01 inch. Then it

is obvious that it will take a million

of them to fill the space occupied by

1,000, and previous to that, by one

marble. The total surface area expos«

ed to moisture influence will now be

314.16 square inches. If this compu-

tation continues until we arrive at the

actual size of the soil grains in actual

soils wherein many of them, instead

of being .01 of an inch in diameter are

from .001 to .0001 of an inch in diam«

eter, we may readily see how great a

Water influence there may be due to

the increased surface of the soil

grains. So, therefore, we are prepar-

ed somewhat to witness the tremen<

dous exhibition of water solvent pow-

er due to the extensive surfaces ex—

posed in certain types of soils.

Certain Soils Resist Water Action.

It is to the interest of agriculture





to increase this water solvent influ-.





ence of soils to a high degree. Cer-

tain types of soils do not lend them-

selves naturally to the

Water. Some clay soils,

their p

when wet do not promote the solvent





because of





‘action which we have described and





laboratory investigation has shown

that on such soils it is' exceedingly de-





sirable to provide a certain type of'

treatment withthe idea of breaking up L





this gelatinous condition and bringing

back the individual fineness of divi¥

sion of the soil itself.



A Laboratory Experiment.



A French chemist by the name of

Pelouze, by a very ingenious experi-

ment, demonstrated in a, peculiar way

what this solven action amounted to.

He took a glass flask of a certain

weight and kept a definite amount of

water boiling constantly for a number

of days, and by weighing the flask be-

fore treatment and after treatment de-

termined what the solubility

water was as far as the silica content

of the glass flask was concerned. Haw

ing established this factor on a glass

flask where a limited surface was ex?

posed he then took a portion of the

neck of- the flask and grOund it to a

fine powder, placing the powdered

glass on the inside of the flask. He

then added water as before and kept

it boiling for the same period of time

as in the first instance. Then by weighs

ing the flask after drawing out the wa-

ter he found that in the second treat-

ment the water had dissolved many

times as much silica as in the first,

treatment, showing clearly the effect





1TH amic H 10 A N; F A n- M 13. 11





in fluence of ,





gelatinous and plastic condition ;





of the ‘





of‘the increased number of: surfaces

by the finely ground grains of glass

to which water had access.

The Experiment Applied.

It is clearly evident therefore that





lllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllIllllllllll'lllllllllllilllllllllllilll1111llllllllllllllllllllllll111111111111Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllillllllulllllllllllllliillllllllllllllllllll'lllllfll ithis type 0f influence, as the labora-





tory has plainly shown, is the type of

influence with which we have to deal

in soils and is the influence which is

exerted upon the so-called adminis—

trative agents of the soils. It is un-

doubtedly this solvent influence ex-

erted upon the small soil grains which

is responsible for the so uniform de-

gree of concentration of the mineral

constituents in the soil water.

The Minerals of the Soil.



We have to consider in this connec-

tion likewise the fact, as shown by

laboratory investigation, of the effect

of this water solubility on the differ-

ent kinds of minerals present in the

soil. Chemical investigations of soils

and crops have proven the existence

of the folloWing metallic chemical ele-

ments: Potassium, calcium, magne-

sium, aluminum, iron, sodium and

manganese. Of very great import-

ance in connection with these are the

non-metals: Phosphorus, carbon, oxy-

gen and nitrogen. Occurring with

these are silicon, sulphur, hydrogen,

chlorine, alluorine and boron.



Modern Cultivation the Outgrowth of

Laboratory Experiment.



Chemical research has indicated the

desirability of laying special stress

on a certain few of these elements, i.

e., potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen,

calcium, and on certain combinations

of other elements, -such as hydrogen

and oxygen in the form of water

(1120); carbon and oxygen in the

form of carbon dioxide (CO2), etc.

The relations of these different ele-

ments and compounds to agriculture

have been shown and have had a very

important bearing on the prevailing

more successful modes of cultivation

of the present day. It is not always

necessary in the doing of anything

that the reason for so doing should

be apparent. It is necessary, hOWever,

for intensive cultivation which the ad-

vance in world population necessi-

tates, that agriculturists should know

what ends are attained in certain de<

sirable forms of soil cultivation. It

means the triumph of success over

failure in farm operation, and this has

been brought about through the direct

application of truth ascertained in the

laboratory and applied to actual soil

conditions in the field.





1





CONCRETE CISTERNS.





 





I have heard that a cistern made of

cement will. make the water hard.

\Vill you please give me some infor-

mation, as I am about to builda cis-





tern.



Gratiot Co. W. A. S.



If a concrete or cement cistern is

,properly made of a suitable mixture of

concrete, there will .be little tendency

to cause a hardening of the water in

the cistern. .



Several remedies are available to

correct this difficulty. One concrete

engineer advises coating the inside of

the cistern with liquid paraffin, using

two coats and driving the first coat in-

to the concrete by the use of a plumb-





‘er’s torch. Another remedy is to ap-

ply two partscement and one part





lime mixed with water into a rather

thick wash, applying with a brush un-

til the walls, have a glazed appear-

‘ance.~ .VVhen dried wash down thor-

Oughly with water and a broom, after

a second washing the cistern will give

no more trouble.



Some advocate coating the inside of

cement cisterns with asphalt paint.

Undoubtedly the better way is to ex-

ercise sufficient care in mixing and

placing the material to avoid the neo-

essity of any treatment. Should the

Water be slightly hard, it can be soft-

ened by the addition-of a. little soda,

or the first filling pumped out, when

there wi’ii be no further trouble from

this cause.





 





 





 





 





 





 





When You

Must Have

Reliability





You need your ymotor ’slast ounce

of power to carry you over the

crest of that steep hill.



Your Spark Plugs must stand the

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explosions 1n your cylinders. i



Even the porcelain insulation 1

must take that punishment without



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under just such

strains in the

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built to serve.

75 % of all



American made

asoline motors



H!" or every pur-

", 1m . pose are equip-





 





 





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‘— I n s i s t o n

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complete satis-





 





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replacement or





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money back.





 





 





 





 





:1 L ("—J . I"; ' A

* 31511





311 11:11. mo





One man drives both tractor and implement.

Works on any soil all the year round. 4 Cylinder

Motor. Hardened ‘Gears. Hyatt Roll er Bearings.





CULTIVATES CORN





and other crops. Takes the horses place for eve fol-m

operation. Una your pteaentimplomencn. Hundredgyinu-e.





JOUET OI. mom 00.. 125 “Mon St..Joliot,lll.





 





 





HARVESTERS





Equipped with CHAMPION GRAIN GUARDS do

work no others can do: will pick up lodged grain no

matter how badly tangledv nor how flat. it lies on the

ground, so that it may be out the same as it standin



hey will get it. Out all around our field 3319 ha I

your time and all your grain. ads of steel. En~

domed Ly agricultural colleges and farmers allover



U..‘8 We will shfp to responible parties on three

days free trail. not as represented. return at our

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Fits all machines.



Pri icos- 85.00 per set of eight; 36. 00 per set of ten.’ Ask

your dealer or write us.



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When at!!!“ advertisers 511111... liaison hue
Fr





 





 





 





 





 





 





LITERATURE

pOETRY

HISTORY one

INFORMATION





 





 





l I.I m ‘I J I y ».





 





' gBZIne Section





W: THMQKE

.I' N kl '_\





 





77’: FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





f





This Magazine Section forms apart of our paper every week.





 





 





HE morning after the governor of



T our state proclaimed, for the



third season, that he set aside



a certain day as Apple Day my ’phone

rang



“This is Mrs. C.—,” came from the

other end of the line. “I want to know

if you’ll loan your husband to my fam-

ily for next Saturday evening. No,

you aren’t‘invited. We’re going to cel-

ebrate Apple Day with just men folks.

I’m asking eight men, besides my hus-

band and two boys, for six O’clock sup-

per and a long evening visit.”



“Oh, I’ll be delighted to loan my

husband, but, how ever will you and

your sixteen-year-old daughter get

ready for that many men? It’s like

having harvesters,” I added, remem—

bering my girlhood days on a big Ne-

braska farm.



“I dare you to offer to come and

help,” was the laughing response. “But

you won’t be company,” she warned.



I went. Mrs. C. is my best and wis-

est friend. My family is younger than

hers and I’m studying how she’s got-

ten such good results with hers.



“What made you think of an Apple

Day stunt?” I demanded, tying on a

big gingham apron one minute after

my arrival early Saturday morning.



“Because we have a great big or-

chard and wagon loads of apples that

go to waste. Just peel these, please,





A Neighborhood Affair for Men





By GOLDIE ROBERTSON FUNK





while I make my crust. Pies? Yes,

and dumplings. But the men aren’t

going to have both. I’m going to send

a fat apple pie to the wife of each of

the men. They’re going to have the

hot dumplings here because they'll

like ’em with oodles of cream.



“Oh, yes, another reason. Since the

boys went a year ago to the agricul-

tural college they’ve been crazy to

work the farm on shares with their

father. They think it can be made to

produce more money. They say the

ten acres in orchard is a leak but they

don’t know how to stop it. VVe’ve al-

ways known it, of course, and I don’t

know why we ever set out ten acres

to apples when both my father and my

husband’s father back in Iowa had

less orchard than that and still had

wagon loads go to waste every year

just as we do.



“So, when I found the Department

of Agriculture is thinking enough

about apples to demand a national

Apple Day I knew apple raising and

apple marketing was going up a notch.

Half of why I’m doing this,” she smil-

ed her warm house mother smile, “is

to keep hospitable—and half is to let





our boys and some of the neighbors

profit from a real applefest by men

who have studied apples.”



“So you’re going to use the magic

of your apple cookery to get the men

to give up what they know!” I ac-

cused.



“Exactly.”



“And pray where did you get hold

of eight men who have studied ap—

ples?”



“Well, first, there’s a German farm-

er over west about two miles who is

always experimenting with his trees.

His son told my boys that he has a

big old tree that has on it the grafts

of neary thirty varieties of apples.

Old Mr. Passo searches the city mar-

kets for choice looking apples, buys

two or three of a kind, the family try

them both cooked and raw, and the

seeds are planted. He writes notes in

a book about each variety. Then from

the seedling he grafts onto his old

brood tree. They hear the second sea-

son and then he top grafts other trees

from those branches till now he has

the best stand of apples in the whole

country. “'e’ve grafted but we haven’t

succeeded. I drove over Sunday and





Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere.





asked Mr. Passo and his oldest son to

come to this supper tonight. He

agreed to tell us all about his orchard,

the varieties he thinks best adapted. to

soil and climate, the best for the mar-

ket, for winter and for early use, for

cooking and for eating. He's going to

make' wax in a pan over a Rochester

lamp on the table, and he's going to

bring a branch of a tree and show the

men how he grafts. He seemed so

pleased that we’ve waked up about his

hobby. Tomorrow we’ll drive you ov-

er to see his orchard.”



“I see. You’ve struck each man’s

hobby.”



“To be sure. Would you call a den-

tist to set a broken leg?”



“Over north is a big Swede named

Arnulf Lind. His farm looks like a

well swept house. It was old and run-

down when he bought it. There was

five acres of apple orchard, the trees

scaly and moss covered and over-

grown. He’s pruned and grafted and

scrubbed and sprayed those old trees,

replacing some diseased ones to be

sure, till he’s as fine an orchard as

you’d wish to see. But in spite of all

his work his children tell mine they

don’t market m'any apples, they rot on

the ground. Anyway, he’s going to

tell all about how he doctored up that

old orchard. I wasn’t going to ask his

twenty-one-year-old son till I heard he





lllllllIHHIlllllllllllllllllllllllll‘lillllllllllHHHIHIIIIHIIIHIIHHIII lllll ES[HllllllIHIIIHHIHIIIIIHIllilllllllllllllllllllHllllIlllIlllllllllilllllillHHHHIHlllHlllllllHll|IHHHHllllHIIHllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllll|IllIllHllllllllllilllIllllllllllll IHIIHHIIIHHIHillllllHlllHHIIIIIIHHIIIHHIlillHllllHiiHHiliHllllHHHHIHlilHllllllilllllllllillilillillflliilfJHSIHHIHHHi liliillillll HillHIllllIlllllllllllllllHIIHIHHIIIHIIlllllIIHIHHHIIIHIHIIHIlllllllllllllli





WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES





Her Son Destroyed a Zeppelin Single-

handed.





 





 





 





Harry Thaw Has Been Granted a

- Jury Trial.





 





 





 





 





Germans Use Ruthenian Church for Workshop while Driving the Russians

from Lemberg, Galicia.





 





 





 





-II

v!!!

:i in





Ready for the Launching of Uncle Sam’s Greatest Battleship, the Aaizona,

at the Brooklyn Navy Yards.

Copyright by Undeiwood ISL Underwood. N. V.





Mrs. Lansing Becomes Leader of Cab-

inet Social Activities.





 





 





 





King Alphonso at the Pigeon Shoot-

ing Range.
30-10





i r; , < ,

g





T H: E. erLIC HtIG'AlN‘ F A RM ER" ‘Z .. . A





 





was going to work his father’s farm on

shares next year—that meanshe's a.

fixture here the same as we hope our

boys are. Besides, the old folks of the

foreign families here have always kept

aloof from the Americans, though the

children and young folks mix more or

less—and who knows, my Laura may

fall in love with Eric Israelson a mile

east, or Gus Hochenstraus three miles

south They‘re both splendid boys and

in her class in school and they’re both

going to agricultural college for a

year. .



“There now, if you’ll stop peeling

and chop up some and then empty that

crock of warm clabbered milk in the

strainer—~yes, Dutch cheese—those

town men don’t often get it with thick

cream on.



“Then a mile farther west Robert

Bowne lives. He’s a young married

man from east of the mountains who

claims he was the boss packer out of

a class of thirty men who took one of

the short courses given by a man from

the demonstration farm. He’s going

to give us a demonstration.”





“How can he demonstrate packing

apples?” I queried, doubtful if I’d un-

derstood.



“That door,” motioning with her el-

mow while she pierced an upper crust

with a fork, “opens into the store

room. It’s big enough for them all to

crowd into. Over in one corner are

about twenty bushels of loose Wine-

saps and Jonathans and Northern

Spies and several empty apple boxes.

Bob says packing for the market has

to be learned and he was glad to come

and tell us all he knows about it be-

cause, as he says, ‘get the fellows

around here to studying apples and

it’s only a year or so till we’ll market

in one form or another every bushel

that’s raised.



“Then a Mr. Harrigan, in town,

we’ve heard sends to the orchards in

another part of the state for carloads

of culls to make into cider and vine-

gar. He has a big cider and vinegar

business, now, built up in about three

years. I talked with him last Satur-

day when I was in town. He says if

our neighborhood wakes up about ap-

ples we can furnish him a good share

of what he wants. He’s going to talk

cider and vinegar and urge the boys

to ‘get acquainted with the apple or-

chards,’ as he calls it.”



“You wonderful woman!”

claimed.



“But the best—the one that must in-

spire them all is Mr. Henry Talberter

the president of the Fruit ,Growers’

Association in county.. He

lives twelve miles away.”



“Well, how did you get him?”



“I don’t know how I dared. We

never saw him but we read in the pa-

per that he’d taken a carload of choice

apples from the farmers in his dis-

trict and went around the world with

them. He talked apples and showed

apples to dealers in every port and ar-

ranged to ship next year—oh, I don’t

know how many, but the boys are

crazy to have him send some of ours.

So I telephoned to him and just told

him about my neighbors and their

boys and our fruitful wasting orchards

and would he come over and show us

how to direct our energies into the

market? I told him the rest of our

program, too, and that each talk was

coming from someone who knew his

subject from experience.”



“And what did he say?” I inquired,

for I new Henry Talbert to be one of

the busiest of men.



“Well, he said I was ‘a true patriot.’

I didn’t just see. the application but let

it go because he said he would be glad

to come in and tell us of his experi-

ence in helping to create a demand

for apples in the markets of the world.

He’s going to bring his seventeen-

year—old son.”



“And my husband? What helpful

thing can he say about apples ?”



“Don’t you see? These young folks

are anxious to make money out of the





I ex-





orchards, as one of our farm crops.

Now the apples :are wasted. If it

wasn’t for banks the money might be

wasted. Don't ‘you suppose a banker

will have something to say to a crowd

of folks benton making money?”



After the lunch had been cleared

away Laura and I tried six chickens

to a light brown, laying them in drip-

ping pans ready to put into the oven

for a few minutes just before serving.

The thickening for gravy was mixed

ready to use.



Mrs. C. had had a hot bath and was

napping. Then Laura 'and I set the

table. The borrowed school globe was

set in a dish in the middle of the ta-

ble and encircling it were a dozen

slatted little wooden apple boxes,

Laura’s own make from the thin tops

of new apple boxes. Each box was

fitted with two shining red apples.

One was addressed to Moscow, Rus-

sia, from the Passo orchards. Anoth-

er to Cape Town, from the Talbert or-

chards, etc; . ‘



“Must I label the whole thing?”

asked Laura, who was so at one with

her mother in spirit that her first

thought of a centerpiece for these an

ple men had been to suggest the ut-

most possibilities for apples.



“Oh, no, it fairly shouts aloud that

American apples belt the globe,” I as,-





lot of a. neighborhmd that can produce

that understanding of his ambition

and assemble a dozen men and boys

anxious to help to bring it about."



At six o’clock the men sat down to

a table loaded with two great platters

of fried chicken, creamy mashed pota-

toes, gravy, sliced turnips, hot biscuit,

cottage cheese, and coffee. For des-

sert we served the dumplings and

oodles of cream and more coffee. On

a table in one corner were Several

baskets of shining apples of different

varieties and on another table was a.

cask of cider with a wooden spigot

and glasses. This was for later in the

evening. On the sideboard, tied up in

paper, were wooden plates holding a

fat apple pie, one for each man to

take home. Mr. Passo brought a flour

sack full of specimens of his choicest

varieties. Mr. Talbert brought a box.

They were compared, advised about,

and most of the men made notes.



After we women had cleared the ta-

ble and brought a Rochester lamp and

pan and spoon for Mr. Passo to show

how he made his grafting wax we re-

tired. At two o’clock my husband

came up to our room. I was only half

wakened, but I remember he said.

“Best m'ove yet. I wish there was a

Mrs. C. in every neighborhood. The

next time these orchards leak it’s go-





sured her. “Mr. Talbert will expect a ing to be into savings banks.”

” llllllmHHHHHHHIIIIHHHIIHHIHIHHHHIHIIHIINHHHHHIHHIIlllllllmlllHI!li!lIlH!Hi|lHimliilllllllHIMIHIIIIHHI”HIlHHHHIIHHIHIHifHHHIHHHHHHHHHillllllllmmllllHllmlmllmllmlIIHIlllIlHlHlllLE





lllllIlllllIlllllllHIHIHHIHIIIHIIIIIIL.—





THE RED MIST.





By RANDALL PARRISH.





VlHlllllllHlllllllllllllllllllllillllll‘





 





3 Copyright A, O. McGlurg Co. E

ail—1H]!lllllllUlllHillIIIHIIHHIllllllillllllllll”HIHHIIHIIHHIHHIHUll”!HINIHIHHHIHHHHH!“HllilllIHIHHHIHIIHHIIHHIHIIHUHHIHMHHIIillllillilHll”!HHHHHitNIHHillHHHHHHHill”HiHIIHHHHIHHHHE





CHAPTER XV.





 





Before Lieutenant Raymond.



HE headlong rush stopped in



startled amazement at sight of



us, and I stood there staring at

them, unable to speak, my revolver

lowered. In that instant of pause, an

officer thrust the men aside and faced

me, sword in hand.



“What does this mean, sir? Who

are you?” he questioned, sweeping his

glance over my uniform, and then be-

yond me at the two others.



“I would ask the same question,” I

returned, not yet assured as to who I

confronted, and suspecting some- trick.

“We believed ourselves attacked by

guerrillas. Are you soldiers?”



“Well, rather,” with a short, grim

laugh. “These are the Pennsylvania

cavalrymen. My name is Raymond,

and 'I demand to know, first of all.

where you got possession of that

Third U. S. Cavalry uniform.”



Perhaps in his excitement he had

not really recognized her before; but

these words were scarcely out of his

mouth when the lady stood beside me.

facing him. I caught one swift flash

of her eyes as though warning me to

silence. Whatever of fear she had

formerly felt seemed to have left her

in this crisis, for she stood erect, her

cheeks flushed, her eyes frankly meet-

ing those of the surprised officer.



“You will, hoWever, recognize me,

Lieutenant,” she said pleasantly, and

extended her hand, “and, if you will

listen, I think I can clear up the

mystery.”



“Miss—Miss Harwood,” he murmur-

ed, slightly embarrassed, but still bel-

ligerent, his glance wandering from

her face to mine. “Certainly—~we hop-

ed to find you here. It was to rescue

you we came—at least it was that

hope which led me to request the

sending of troops, and to accompany

them. This outrage has been commit-

ted, I believe, by Cowan’s gang, and

this man here—”



“Is my friend,” she interrupted

quietly. “Lieutenant Raymond, if you

will kindly order your men to retire,

I will gladly explain his presence in

the house.”



“You wish to speak to me alone?”



“Not necessarily; but I certainly

prefer greater privacy than this. You

are in command?”



“No; Captain Whitlock is below.”

He turned toward the crowd blocking





the doorway, and I grasped the oppor-‘





tunity to breathe a hasty word of

warning into the ear of Nichols. The

girl never glanced again at either of





us.



“Take the men back into the hall,

Sergeant,” the Lieutenant ordered.

“and look through whatever rooms

have not been visited. Request Cap-

tain Whitlock to join me here.”



We waited motionless, the lieuten-

ant’s hand on the butt of his revolver,

as though he half suspicioned treach-

ery. Twice he endeavored to open





conversation with the lady, but her re-

sponse was not encouraging, and he

evidently did not feel safe except with

his eyes on me. The sight of the uni«

form I wore perplexed and angered

him; he would have greatly enjoyed

the privilege of going over me rough-

shod, and was restrained only by the

presence of the lady. She stood quiet-

ly between us, her lips firmly set, and

I thought was struggling to retain

control of herself, and grasp quickly

some explanation of my presence I

could perceive only the contour of her

face, but'Raymond fronted meta tall,

well proportioned fellow, with‘incipi-

ent mustache, black and curled at the

pomts; a rather long face, and eyes

sternly serious. There was about him

an appearance of force—a bit of a bul-

ly I should say—and his uniform was

new, and carefully fitted.



A man stood in the doorway, bow-

ing, his mild blue eyes surveying us

nervously. He sported a light beard,

closely trimmed, the top of his head

scarcely reaching to the lieutenant’s

shoulder. Miss Noreen greeted him

With a welcoming smile, and he step-

ped gallantly forward, bending low as

he accepted her hand.



“So pleased, so delighted, Miss Har-

wood, to find you safe and well. We

were, indeed, greatly worried at the

thought of your being here alone,” he

exclaimed, a slight lisp in his voice.

“i on have not suffered, I trust?”



“Not seriously, Captain Vt'hitlock;

the guerillas were outwitted—”



"Ah! do not attempt to explain, I

beg. We understand what you have

passed through, as we have captured

two of the villains. You sent for me,

Lieutenant Raymond?”



“Yes, sir, I did,” the younger offi-

cer’s expression exhibiting clearly the

contempt he felt for his superior. “I

preferred that you decide what shall

be done with this fellow,” pointing a

finger at me. “Miss Harwood vouches

for him, but I fail to understand how

he comes to be in the uniform of my

regiment.”



The captain fitted a pair of glasses

to his eyes and surveyed me with care.



“Why, bless me, so he is,” he ejacu-

lated, “and you never saw him be-





“No, and there is not another third

U. S. cavalryman west of the Alle-

ghanies.”



The girl laughed, and laid her hand

on \Vhitlock’s arm.



“I told Lieutenant Raymond that I

would explain fully,” she said, pre-

tending to be amused. “But I failed

to understand then what it was which

had so aroused suspicion. So it is the

uniform my friend wears?”



Raymond did not answer, but the

captain bowed respectfully.



“As to that I assume all responsi-

bility,” she went on quietly, “as I fur-

nished it.”



“You!” there was a sarcastic sneer

in the liteutenant’s surprised exclama-

tion. “Why should you have in your





 





 





 





JULY 10, 19.15.





 





possession a uniform of the Third

Re are?” ' '



“ did not,” she answered sweetly,

but looking at Whitlock. “That uni-

form belonged to my cousin, an officer

of the Third Kentucky.” .





Raymond uttered a' smothered ex-

pression, stared an instant at her

slightly averted face, and then, with

one stride forward, swung me to the

light. >



“See here, Captain Whitlock,” be ex-

claimed indignantly. “I cannot cone

ceive what object Miss Harwood may

have in desiring to protect this man,

but this is not the uniform of any vol-

unteer regiment."





“Do I understand, Lieutenant, that

you dare question my word?" she asks

ed proudly, her eyes gazing straight

into his. “I am unaccustomed, sir, to

such treatment.”



“Wait a moment, Raymond,” broke

in the captain. “There is no doubt of

Miss Harwood’s loyalty. Let us hear

her explanation first. You say, Miss

Harwood, you know this man, that .he

is friend? May I ask his name?”



“Surely; I only desire an opportu-

nity to answer any question. He is

Thomas Wyatt, the son of the late

Judge Wyatt, whose home was on the

ridge yonder. We were children to-

gether.”



“A rebel?”



“Really I never thought to ask,"

carelessly. ”I was too glad to have

his protection. We—we spoke only of

our childhood days together, still I

gathered the impression that Mr. Wy-

att had never joined either side, and

was merely here to look after his

property. or course he can explain

all that."



“But how came he to be dressed in

that uniform ?” burst in Raymond.



“Will you be courteous enough to

permit me to tell you? I have endeav-

ored twice already to fully explain.

Mr. Wyatt came here in midst of the

storm last night. He had found his

own home destroyed, and this was the

nearest shelter to be found. He sup-

posed the house deserted, and merely

sought protection until morning. How

I chanced to be here you gentlemen

both know, and that matter requires

no explanation. Mr. Wyatt arrived

with his clothing muddy, and soaked

with rain. I gave him the only change

to be found in the house—a uniform

belonging originally to a cousin of

mine, Lieutenant Anton Harwood,

Third Kentucky Cavalry.”



“But this is not the uniform worn

by volunteer troops. Captain Whit-

lock, I insist——”



“Really, Lieutenant Raymond,” the

girl said, fronting him, her eyes spark-





ling, “this is becoming most tire—

some. What do I care what uniform

it is! I have told you where it came





from, how it chanced to be there, and

the reason it was worn by this man.

I cannot be expected to know all the

petty distinctions of the service."



“But surely,” spoke up the captain,

plainly bewildered, “the suit he wore

when he came can be produced. You

know where that is?”



“I know where it was,” she answer-

ed cooly. “Hanging before the fire

place in the dining-room. However, I

cannot guarantee that it remains there

now—this house has been gutted by

Cowan’s guerillas and, from the sound,

your own men were none too careful."



\Vhitlock fiddled with the tassel of

his sword. evidently far from satisfied,

yet unwilling to make final decision

unaided.



“I hardly know just what to do,” he

confessed reluctantly. “Ordinarily,

you know, a lady’s word would be

sufficient, but somehow, I—I—well,

this looks just a little queer. What do

you think, Lieutenant?”



“That the fellow ought to be taken

before Major Hawes, and made to ex-

plain what purpose brought him here.

I have no desire to question Miss Har-

wood; indeed, I am perfectly willing

to accept her statement. But this

man is not a civilian—he is a soldier:

he has had military training. He should

be made to account for himself, sir."

The speaker’s eyes fell upon the

preacher, huddled back in the corner,

now clearly revealed by the gray day-

light which was stealing in through

the windows. “Hullo! here seems to

be yet another specimen we have ov-

erlooked. Who are you?”



Nichols shuffled forward, looking

woe-begone and miserable, his cheek

disfigured by Cowan’s blow, sneak and

coward written all over him. His

shifting eyes met mine, and he must

have read in my gaze a threat he dare

not ignore. Twice his mouth opened

and closed before he could make the

words issue.



“One of Cowan’s gang?” .



“God be praised—no. Made to serve

that human fiend by force. I am a

minister of the Gospel.”



“You!” the lieutenant burst into a

laugh. “By Jove, you fit the part.

Whitlock, did you ever hear of the

fellow ?” , . _ '



The captain rubbed his glasses.



“Are you the Baptist preacher at





   





 





 





(" M")
(" f '7)





 





 





JULY 10, 1915.





Cane Ridge?" he asked doubtfully.



“For twenty years I have minister-

ed to that congregation; the young

woman can vouch for my labor.”



“Then-I presume you are also ac-

quainted with this fellow ?” questioned

Raymond impatiently. _



Nichols turned his glance again in

my direction, but his gray face was

devoid of interest.



“I. have no knowledge of the young

man,” he asserted solemnly, “but I

knew the old Judge well. The re-

semblance is strong, and I have no

doubt but he is a son. The father was

a Christian, and a gentleman.”



“And a rebel, I presume?”



“Judge Wyatt died before the break-

ing out of the war, sir, but was known

throughout these parts as a Unionist.”



There was a silent pause, Whitlock

fumbling at his eye-glasses, Raymond,

a perplexed frown on his face, staring

first at Nichols, and then at me, as

though more than half convinced he

was being made a fool of. The girl

had seated herself in a chair, and was

leaning forward, her face hidden. The

lieutenant turned and strode across

the room, glancing out the window;

then back again. .



“Well, we c'annot remain here .dls-

cussing the matter,” he said tartly. “If

we do we may have a real fight on our

hands before we are safely back in

Lewisburg.” He planted himself

squarely in front of me. “See here, it

is time you did some talking. You

haven‘t opened your mouth yet.”



“There has been no occasion," I re-

plied pleasantly. “The others have

told all you need to know Without my

even being questioned.”



“I have a mind to search you,” he

retorted, completely losing his temper.



“At your pleasure, Lieutenant,” I

spoke coldly enough, although there

was a catch in my throat at sudden

memory of the paper I bore containing

his name. “And there is no guessing

what you might find in Lieutenant

Harwood's uniform.”



We were still looking defiantly at

each other’s eyes, and it began to oc-

cur to me that his evident dislike must

have some other basis than a mere

suspicion that I might be a Confeder-

ate spy. Did it arise rather because

of my apparent friendliness with Nor-

een Harwood, and her swift words of

defense? Could there be a personal

motive urging this young West Point-

er to determine my guilt? The sus-

picion that this might be the real rea-

son for his conduct had scarcely flash-

ed across my mind when a trooper ap

peared in the open doorway, saluted,

and said something in a low tone to

Whitlock. I failed to catch the words

spoken, but heard the captain answer:



“Certainly, Corporal, have him come

up at once.”



The soldier disappeared down the

hall, and the lieutenant stepped back

across the room, bending his head to

whisper something privately into Whit_

lock’s ear. My eyes followed his

movement, and then sought the face

of the girl; she sat motionless, the

long lashes shading her eyes, the only

visible sign of excitement the swift

rise and fall of her bosom. Then a

man came hastily into the room

through the opened door. My heart

leaped into my throat at sight of him

—-—he was Captain Fox.





CHAPTER XVI.





 





 





A Prisoner.





HE captain was hatless, and a

bloody handkerchief was wound

about his head; his uniform was

torn and black with mud. He saw

Whitlock first, and gripped his hand

warmly, his glance straying from the

face of the little captain to the other

occupants of the room.

“Gad, but it is good to see a blue

uniform again,” he exclaimed heartily.

What was the row here, Fred—some





,guerilla work? Ah! by Jove!” his





eyes brightening as he recognized me.

“Raymond, I am glad to see you

again,” and he strode forward. his lips

smiling, his hand held out. “Old Ned

swore to me you were dead, but the

sergeant said you got away at the

first rush. Not even a scratch——

hey—n



“Just a moment, please,” and the in-

terested lieutenant interrupted him by

a hand on the shoulder. “I believe

we have never met before, but I pre-

sume you are Captain Fox?”



The latter turned, a trifle indignant

at the other’s manner.



“I am; what of it?”



“Only I am naturally somewhat in-

terested in your identification of this

fellow. To us he has claimed the

name of Wyatt, but you address him

as Raymond. What. Raymond did he

represent himself to be?” '



Fox stared about in surprise at the



faces surrounding him, scarcely able

to collect his scattered wits.

. “Why," he answered, as though half

1n doubt of his own words, “Lieuten-

ant Charles H. Raymond, Third Caval~

ry, on recruiting service. I——I met him

at Hot Springs, and he showed me his

papers. Isn’t——isn’t he all right?”



“Well, you can draw your own con-

clusion," returned the” lieutenant, his





,

\





' TH E' M‘I C H‘IS'GAZNi 7F'A‘RM E K , . 11—31





thin lips curled in a sneer, “for I am

Raymond, Third Cavalry. This man

is a rebel spy."



Escape was impossible; I knew that,

for I had considered the chances. Both

Whitlock and the lieutenant—the lat-

ter with revolver drawn—stood be-

tween me and the windows. The hall

without was thrdnged with troopers,

and, although I might attain the open

door, that would be the end of it. I

saw Noreen rise to her feet, her start-

led face turned toward me, but I held

my nerves firm, and managed to smile.



“I expect the jig is up, gentlemen,"

I acknowledged quietly, determined

they should get as little comfort out

of me as possible. “I know when I

have played my last card."



“Is your name really Wyatt?”



“It is; I am a sergeant in the Staun-

ton 'Horse Artillery.”



“And Miss Harwood~she knew you,

as she said, by that name ‘3”



“She did; I was born in this county,

and we were children together. If

She has attempted to proteCL me from

arrest, it has been because of no dis-

loyalty, but a womanly desire to as-

sist an old friend.”



Raymond was far from satisfied,

suspiciously glancing from my face to

where she stood, white-lipped and

silent.



“There is nothing else between

you?" he asked roughly. “Do you

mean to say she told that story of her

cousin’s uniform merely because of a

girlhood friendship.”



“I am unable to say, sir.”



“I hardly think, Lieutenant," broke





 

     





" How Many m0...

lies ACow? -





 

 

 





 





“One”, says Nature

“Three”, says Cunning





   

 





Because demand far exceeds supply, man craftily splits each cowhide into

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ter,” she said gravely, standing before

me, “I desire to be heard, and to an-[

swer this gentleman’s question. I,

sought to save Sergeant Wyatt be}

cause of our early friendship, and also;

because of the special service he has;

rendered me during the past night. 11

know nothing of his purpose, here—w

but—but I hold him friend whatever

may be his uniform.”



The lieutenant bowed, hat in hand.



“I intended no criticism of your mo-

tives, but a soldier must perform his

duty. Under whose orders are you





he‘l‘T’thgadf (general Jackson, sir.” M ore M oney from Wheat





“Ah! the old fox is casting his eyes

this way for his new campaign. What

were your orders ?”





Write for free samples and booklet.





   





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hands of the sergeant, and reading - SIBPOSTAL TELEGRAPH BUILDING culcaoo

them over With a grim smile. I gave Plantfood Faun Prospen‘u's Path





small heed to the glance of satisfac‘

tion with which he regarded me, and

only ventured to look once toward the

girl, as the soldiers roughly bound my

hands. She had turned away, and was

staring out of the open window. \Vith

lips pressed tightly together I march-

ed out into the hall closely surround-

ed by the guard, my thought less con-

cerned with my own fate. than with

her feeling toward me. Suddenly the

truth revealed itself to my mind that

I loved the woman I had so strangely

married. (To be continued).





 





 





 





 





"11°59 E VE R LASTI N 6 TI LE”?





IS YOUR FARM PROPERLY DRAINED?





Are you trvin to raise farm produce on im r

. - _ , o

drained laud.g plight as well try to grow llgiregirlz};

billiard ball. l'nrm land, to produce. must be cared

for with the same efficiency and attention as you

wOuld give to your implements. All farming essen-

tials start. With perfect and adequate drainage.

8511;051:353“ Ktm’liialdoi‘rl't oiur made in Illic/n'gan tile—the

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THE BETTER WAY.





   





nv susAN coomnon.



He serves his country best



Who lives pure life, and doeth right-

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And walks straight paths, however

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A stainless record which all men may

read:



This is the better way.





 





 





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No drop but serves the slowly lifting ing features than anyothersmade. Thereis





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Your Best Help

In the Kitchen





20 Mule Team Borax is another helper in

the house.



It doubles the cleansing power of soap

and water and lightens labor.



Dish-washing is robbed of its terrors,

and the most delicate hands will not be

injured in the slightest.



When washing dish-towels, add a table-

spoonful of Borax to a pail of water, and

boil fifteen minutes. It leaves the linen

white and soft, with no injury to the libre.



To be sure of getting pure Borax. use

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MICHIGA





TH E





N FARMER





 





 





 





JULY 10,1915.





 





" womanjiidllgNeeds





At Home; and (Elsewhere





 





 





 





 





 





X





 





 





 





 





LL work and no play makes Jack



a dull boy,” is an adage whose

origin is lost in antiquity. It

might be amended to read, “All work

and no play makes Jack a sullen boy,"

for the effect of too much work with-

out relaxation is more often sullen-

ness than stupidity. A look at the

faces of the children doomed to fac-

tory imprisonment is all the proof one

needs of the revised saying. Sullen-

ness, irritation, even viciousness, is

more often written there than stu-

pidity.



Too much work unmixed with play

has the same effect on all Jack’s fam-

ily. What is bad for the children is

bad for the grownups, and father and

mother find the unremitting grind bad

for their nerves and tempers. Human

nature is various, and demands vari-

ety to keep things moving smoothly.

The play instinct is as natural as the

work instinct and must find expres-

sion if we are to live well-balanced

lives.



In the strenuous task of earning a

living many of us forget the vital

necessity of relaxation. Work becomes

our master, or the chase for the d01-

lar becomes so exciting we forget all

else. With some the pinch of poverty

is so insistent that it seems a sin to

take time off for a play spell. With

others, especially housekeepers, the

worry bug looms large and shuts out

all thoughts of pleasure. We are

afraid if We stop grinding long enough

to look about and enjoy ourselves a

bit we will never get caught up again,

and so we keep on at hard labor, shut-

ting our eyes to every glimpse of play.



Nature resents this living in direct

variance with her laws and punishes

us with worn nerves, ugly tempers and





 





 





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ATTORNEY. DEPT. 67. WASHINQIOTONA. D.





Play Is as Necessary as Work





warped and one-sided minds which see

only the sordid side of existence. We

look about us and see our friends and

neighbors “taking life easy,’ as we ex-

press it, and we become envious and

sullen. We wonder why others can

have a good time while we do nothing

but dig and work.



The answer is easy, if we would

only so see it. Others have a good

time because they take it. They, wis-

er than we, see that “life is more than

meat and the body than raiment,” or

in more modern words, that life means

much more than satisfying the mate-

rial needs. They see that the mind

needs to be fed and they feed it by

friendly intercourse, by music, by

books, moving pictures and the count-

less little diversions that are theirs

for the taking.



They find out that instead of being

unfitted for work they come back

rested and refreshed, in better shape

to take up the burden again and able

to accomplish twice as much. They

have fresh heart for the daily routine

and are able to put a new zest into

their work which makes it a diversion

instead of a drudgery.



The mother Who makes a business

of bringing up her children knows

that she can get ten times as much

work out of the children if she makes

a game of the work or promises a

treat for a certain amount done. So

she could accomplish more herself if

she had ahead of her a hint of a play-

spell to come after the work was

done. But when she sees nothing

ahead but day after day of toil with

no relaxation, work becomes a drudg-

ery and life sinks to the dead level of

animal existence.



DEBORAH.





IllllllllllIll!IllIHHiIHIHHHIHIHllHiIlll}IHillllllliI:hllImlnnllllllllllllIHHIHIIHIHIHHHHIlllllllIIHIHllIIHIIHIlllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllIIll|lllllllllIllllIll|IllI|Ill|IllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllHlllllll





 





A Novel Baby Bonnet.





A quickly made baby bonnet is

shown in the illustration To make it





you need only cut a half- circle out of

muslin, lace, embroidery, silk, or any

chosen material, edge the straight side

with lace and finish the half—circle





 





o F with a half-inch hem through “Which a.





ribbon is run. The ribbon draws up

and ties under the chin.

The bonnet illustrated is finished





with a backward fold, the extra width





being added to the semi circle Nar-

row val insertion and edging trim the

fold





should be boiled again.





CANNING VEGETABLES.





BY CHARLES H. CHESLEY.

On many farms the effort has often





been made to can vegetables by the

same methods that are used in can—

ning fruit, and because the beans,

corn and peas have spoiled, house-

wives have given up trying to pre-

serve these and other delicious sum-

mer products for the winter months.

Vegetables cannot be successfully can-

ned by the open-kettle method. Scien-

tists tell us this is because the bacte-

ria that do the mischief thrive best in

products that are largely composed of

protein. Beans and peas contain more

protein than any other vegetable com-

monly grown on the farm, consequent-

ly they succumb most readily to the

ravages of the germs.



Boiling until the vegetables are

cooked will not kill these germs as is

the case with fruits, or if the parent

bacteria are killed, the spores remain

to germinate and cause more mischief.

The organisms that cause canned pro-

ducts to spoil are unlike both yeasts

and molds in that they are capable of

developing without air. It is said that





one of these bacterium plants can

produce, under favorable circum.

stances, something like 20,000,000





more plants in a single day.



We have had uniform success in

canning such products as green corn,

string and shell beans, peas, tomatoes,

carrots, beets, kohl rabi, squash,

pumpkin and cauliflower. Of course,

the best method is to use a canning

outfit. With this it is possible to ob-

tain a greater degree of heat. Yet we

have had good success without the

outfit, and of enough canned last sum-

mer to insure an abundant supply all

winter for a large family, not a. single

jar was lost.



We use only jars with spring tops

and first of all ascertain that the rub-

bers are the best obtainable. Never

use an old rubber.

boiler is used. For the bottom we

make a rack to set the jars on when

they are subjected to the heat. Below

are given detailed directions for var-

ious vegetables: .



Corn—Blanch the corn in boiling

water for 15 minutes. Cut from the

cob and cool in cold water, then fill

the jars andadd one level teaspoonful

of salt to each pint. Fill the jars with

boiling water and boil for two hours.

See that the water in the boiler is at

the boiling point when the jars are

set in place, and keep the tempera—

ture at least at the boiling point all

through the process. Put on the rub—

bers and tops, with spring over the

cover but do not press down the lever

until the boiling process is completed.

Set the jais with the tops down and

allow them to cool. If no bubbles ap-

pear the next day, they may be set

away on the pantry shelves. Those

which show any signs of bubbles

Some prefer

to boil them again anyway, as by so

doing the second generation of bacte-

ria is destroyed. When, putting them

back in the boiler, be sure to loosen

the springs, otherwise the cans may

burst. Test each can before putting

it away by loosening the top and lift-

ing the whole by taking hold of the

cover. If this can be done, the pro-

duct is safe.



Peas and Beans—Pack these vege~

tables in the jars and boil as directed

above for two hours. Repeat the proc-

ess the second day and again the‘third

if any signs of bubbles appear. As

these are considered the hardest gar-

den products to keep, the two or three





A common wash ‘





 





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l

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- 1

I





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k





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and slice.





 





 





JULY 10, 1915.

cookings are advisable. We have can-

ned both string and shell beans, also

limas, always with uniform success.

The smaller wrinkled varieties of peas

make the sweetest product and are

preferable to the ranker-growing vari.

eties. ,» It is important that peas be

picked from the vines and shelled

while they are still young and tender.



Tomatoes.———These are easy to han-

dle. Scald and peel, dip in cold wa-

ter, then pack whole in the cans. Fill

the cans with the juice obtained in

this process. Boil 45 minutes and it

is not necessary to repeat the next

day.



Carrots, Beets, Etc—Use only young

tender vegetables. Scald for ten min-

utes in very hot water, then plunge

into cold water. Remove the skins

Add one teaspoonful of salt

to each pint. Boil for two hours and

it is not necessary to repeat the proc-





‘essunless some show signs of spoil-





ing. A mild pickle, half water and

half vinegar, sweetened as desired,





may be used to fill the cans of beets.





Squash and Pumpkin—Cut these

vegetables into small pieces, pack into

the cans and cook for two hours. It

is not necessary to repeat.



Cauliflower.—-This is one of our

most delicious canned vegetables, es-

pecially desirable during the spring

months. Cut up the heads as for

cooking, pack in the cans, and cook

for one hour on two successive days.



Succotash.—This mixture is espe-

cially difficult to keep, hence it should

be boiled one hour or two, and per-

haps three, successive days.



Many other products may be put up

for the winter in the manner describ-

ed~ above. One of the important points

to remember is to carefully sterilize

all jars in hot water before putting in

the vegetables. Keep a kettle of boil-

ing water at hand to fill up the boiler

as it lowers. The water should come

up to the necks of the cans.





HOME QUERIES.





 





Household Editorz—Would you be

so kind as to tell me why it is that

my bread cracks when it is baked? No

matter what I do, let it raise very

light or not, it cracks on the top of

the loaf. The bread isn’t bad, it seems

to be all right, only I know something

is wrong and it spoils the looks of it.

Also, I would like to ask what is a

good tonic for a person that is run

down from sickness, is weak and eas-

ily tired. Also, what is the value of

olive oil? Would you consider that a

good tonic?—H. A. M.



Too much flour will cause bread to

crack. Try using a little less. I could

not prescribe a tonic for anyone, as

what might be good in one [case

would not do in another. The only

safe thing to do is to go to a reliable

physician. The woman may need iron,

or arsenic and strychnine prepara-

tions, Or perhaps an emulsion of some

fats. As I do not know any of the

circumstances, I could not say what

would be best for her. Olive oil is

good for anyone who needs more fat

than they are taking. If the person is

eating little butter, cream and fat

meats it might help.



Household Editor2—Will someone

please give reliable recipes for can—

ning peas and green beans, also one

for canning beets? The kind of can-

ned beets I mean seem to have spice

on them.



I saw a request in your paper for a

tested recipe for jelly roll, so am

sending one I have always had suc-

cess with. Jelly Roll: One cup of

sugar, three eggs, one cup of flour,

half a teaspoonful of soda, one tea-

spoonful of cream tartar, flavor With

vanilla. These are all level measures.

Spread thin on square pan and bake

in moderate oven. Spread with jelly

'and roll in cloth while hot—Clover-





land Reader.



' To can pickled beets wash one-half

bushel in several waters. Immerse in

boiling water until done. Remove the

skins, slice intova syrup made of four

quarts of vinegar, one cup of sugar

and two quarts of water. Boil up and

can quickly. You can add spices to

the syrup to suit your own taste and

more Sugar if‘you wish.



“"‘To‘ban "beans: Wash, string and





THE MICHIGAN F'A'RMER





cut in inch pieces. Cook in boiling

water a half hour, then drain, pack in

sterilized jars, fill with cold water, ad‘

just, rubbers and tops, set in boiler on -

a false bottom, pour in cold water to

cover the cans, cover boiler and boil

two hours. Let stand until the water

is cold, then remove jars and seal at

once.



To can peas: Shell the peas and

boil a half hour. Then proceed as

with beans, cooking twice as long in

the boiler.





KEEPING CREAM COOL.





 





Now that warm weather is approach-

ing, every possible means must be tak-

en to get cream on the market in good

condition. The warm days that have

already passed have had a marked ef-

fect in lowering the quality of cream

now being made into butter.



Attention must first be paid to cool-

ing the cream just as soon as separat~

ed. However, the greatest exposure to

heat usually comes when the cream is

hauled to market, and the cans are

left uncovered, and exposed to the hot

sun and dust.



It has been found by experiment

that the temperature may be kept

more than twenty degrees lower when

dampened blankets are, thrown over

the can or dampened blankets are

used than when the cans are left un-

covered. In addition, the dirt and dust

are kept away from the cans and

cream.



It is not only to the advantage of

the producer to help in keeping up the

quality of the cream so that good

prices may continue, but low grade»

cream cannot be allowed to come upon

the market in the future—Colorado

Agricultural College.





MICHIGAN FARMER PATTERNS.





 





No. 1332~Girls’ Dress with or with- '





out over blouse. Cut in 4 sizes, 10,

12, 14 and 16 years. It requires 8 yds.

of 24—inch material for a 14-year size.

Price 10c.





 





No. 1310.—Ladies’ Dressing or

Lounging Robe. Cut 1n 3 sizes, small,

medium and large, and requires 6%





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





yds. of 24-inch material for a medium

size. Price 10c.



Nos. 1313-1256—VVaist 1313, cut in 6

sizes, 34, 3 , 38, 40, 42 and 44 inches

bust measure. Skirt 1256, cut. in 6

sizes, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30 and 32 inches

waist measure. It requires 31/2 yds.

of 48—inch material for bolero and

skirt, and 23/; yds. of 36-inch material

for the under-waist for a medium size.





The skirt measures about 3 yds. at- i





the foot. This calls for two Separate

patterns which will be mailed on re-

ceipt of 100 for each pattern.



No. 1312-Gir1s’ Middy Dress with

Skirt attached to a Separate waist.

Cut in 4 sizes, 6, 8, 10 and 12 years.

It requires 3 yds. of 44-inch material

for a 10-year size. Price 100.



The above patterns will be mailed

to any address by the Fashion Depart-

ment of the Michigan Farmer, on re-

ceipt of ten ;.cents. Please be careful





to give correct pattern number and i.





o .





13—33





 

 





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(i Demand the genuine by fu'i name-





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Here’s Furnace Comfort at

Steve Cost—A Sensational Offer!





FLOOD your whole house with waves of warm



air—426a! even» room—with this new Kalamazoo pipe-

less furnace Easy to set tip—easy to care for-econom—

ical-on fuel—and you buy it complete for an astounding lowwhole-

sale price—direct from Kalamazoo factory on





Free Trial—Cash or Credit





, \Ve pay freight and start shipment within 24 hours. Price quoted



here is total cost. Think of it! Ami when you get this plant you're

ready for any weather—comfort throughout the home. One year

approval test—5100.000 guaranty. Small deposit brings it at once

on easy payment plan.





Send lor one today and ask for Pipcless Furnace Circular No. 909

Kalamazoo Stove Co., Mfrs., Kalamazoo, Mich.





300.000 lamilies using Kalamazoo

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Sioves,Ranges, Gas Slows. Furnaces,

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size when ordering.





Parcel Posl or Express Box





Safe. Light. Strong. Dur-

able. Can be used repeat-

edly. Box to left equipped

to carry safely 10 doz. eggs,

or partitions for 4 doz.

Eggs, Butter. Chicken.

fruit or Vegetables. Pos-

tage empty second zone 90,

filled with eggs 24c. Either

style 500. To the right

a fine looking safe box

?( nipped with common

macro to carry 12doz. eggs.

direct or by Express to mar-

ket and groceries on re-

turn. Price 450. Eiliwrhnx

fine for picnic purposes. all

kinds of Butter and Egg ship-

ping supplies. Prices F. U. B.

Saginaw.Mich.. add postage for

shipment. Address Dept. E.





HARTLEY STEEL GRATED BOX 00., Saginaw, Michigan.

BEE-HIVES. SECTIONS, BERRY BASKETS Allll '





limb Foundations, Smokers, etc. 3 t '5 0"““7 GRATIS.





h wood and a or baskets.

Send for .catalog A. Thorough waxlined paperp bpsskets post-

bred Italian bees and queens. gait! in Isl; and 2nd zones for $1.





Ask for catalog B. sit for catalog 0.

M.‘H. HUNT & SON, Box 3525. LANSING; MIGH-





 





Weighl 6 lbs.
‘No. '2, $16.50@17:

18' mixed $16@16.50;->No. 1 dozen: asparagus 50@60c per dozen.





 





O





N FARMER





JULY 10, 1915. '





 





34—14



IE. lllllllllllllllllIIIIIIIINIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIE

M k

ar ets.

g

Elli"|IIIIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIllIIllIIIIIIII|IIIII|Ill|IIllllllllIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII





WEATH ER FOR ECAST.





Weekly weather forecast for week

beginning Wednesday, July 7, for the

region of the Great Lakes. Weather

will be partly cloudy with normal tem-

perature until the latter part of the

week, when there will be showers with

lower temperature.





GRAINS AND SEEDS.

July 6, 1915.





Wheat-Although there has been a

reaction from the high point reached

by wheat values during the past, week.

the average prices for the week rule

nearly a dime above those of the pre-

vious week forcash grain, while Sep-

tember is a fraction stronger. Weath-

er conditions have been the dominat-

ing factor in the deal. It was antici-

pated early in June that the date for

harvesting the wheat. would be earlier

than normal, but weather conditions

have made the maturing of the crop

slow and delayed ripening perhaps a

week or ten days beyond the expected

time. This necessitates a larger de-

mand upon cash wheat before the new

crop can be marketed, and resulted in

the squeezing of those who were short

and the consequent advance in values.

By Monday, however, the shorts had

pretty well covered. which with a de—

cline in values at Liverpool allowed

prices to sag. as indicated by the quo-

tations below. There is still some re—

port of damage from insects and tOo

much rain in the wheat producing sec-

tions of the southwest. Export de-

mand is easy. One year ago No.

red wheat was quoted at 871420 per bu.

Quotations are as follows:





 





 





No. 2 No. 1



Red. \Vhite. Sept.

Wednesday . . . ..1.25 1.22 1.04 lé

Thursday . . . .1.27 1.24 1.04%

Friday . . . . . . . .1305 1.27 1.06

Saturday ..........

Monday ...........





Tuesday ........1.28 1.25 1.031

Chicago—July wheat 81.05%; Sept.

$1.01: Dec. $1.04 per bushel.

Corn.~—While values have fluctuated

the market on Tuesday was steady

with that of the week previous. There

has been very little improvement in

conditions for the new crop, and com-

plaints are being made in practically

all the corn producing states that- the

stand is unusually poor. There is

some buying of the crop at sea-board,

with a normal domestic call. One

year ago No. 3 corn was quoted at

700 per bushel. Quotations are» as





follows:



No. 3 No. 3



Mixed. Yellow.

Wyednesday D l I D O O C O I. 77 78

Thursday 771/6 78%

Friday ...... . .. 771,5; 781,4)

Saturday ........... 78 79

Monday .. ..

Tuesday ............ 77 78





(‘hicago.~—'July corn 746: Sept. 72.40

per bu; Dec. 63.7c.

Oats—Notwithstanding the favor-

able crop reports on this cereal. prices

have held their advance" better than

did those of wheat. The demand is

good with- foreign inquiry encouraging

to sellers. One year ago standard oats





were quoted at 89c per bushel. Quo-

tations are as follows:

No. 3

Standard. \l‘bite.

Wednesday ......... 51 1,4,, 51

Thursday ........ . . 511/2 51

Friday .............. 51 1/2 50 14

Saturday ....... ... 54 531/2

Monday ............. . . . . .

Tuesday ..............531/2 52‘

Chicago—July oats 44.5c per bu:

Sept. 37.1: Der. 38.4c' per bu.

Rye—There is practically nothing

doing in this market with No‘. 2 cash





, ing at 600678140 per case.





T H E M I C H I G A

New York—Steady.





No. 1, $24;



No. 2, $23@23.50.

Straw—Rye straw $8@8.50; wheat

and cat straw $7@7.50 per ton. .





 





DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





Batten—Market is steady and un-

changed. Extra cheamery 27c; firsts

25c; dairy 21c; packing stock 19c.



Elgin.—Market unchanged. Offer-

ings liberal but quality only fair. Quo-

tation for the week 27c per pound.



Chicago—A quiet and easy feeling

exists. Price for extra creamery un-

changed; other grades slightly lower.

Quality only fair. Extra creamery

27c; extra firsts 26c; firsts 24@250;

seconds 22@23c; packing stock 20c.



Poultry—Market steady with prices

for broilers and ducks lower. Live.—

Broilers 20@22c; hens 14%@15c:

ducks 16@161/2c; young ducks 17c;

geese 100.



Chicago—Market quiet with prices

on fowls and springs lower. Fowls,

good weights 12%0; spring chickens

18@19c; ducks 13c; young ducks 15@

16c; geese 8@9c; spring geese 14@

150: guinea hens $2.75@3 per dozen.



Eggs.—Market is steady with. prices

1/éc lower than last week. Fresh stock

sells at, 1754c per dozen.



Chicago—Feeling steady at prices

slightly lower than last week. Mar-

ket is well supplied. Miscellaneous

lots, cases included 1461316140: ordi-

nary firsts 15@151,éc: firsts 16(rh161/«c.



VeaI.——Quoted steady at 131/4@14c

for fancy, and 10@11c for common.





 





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





 





Strawberries.——Market fairly active.

Supply good. Quoted at $2.50@3 per

bushel.



Chicago—Market dull. Other ber-

ries are taking. attention of trade.

Main run of Michigan berries go to





peddlers. Those from the north bring

best prices. Michigan 16»qt. cases 600

@$1.15.





Potatoes.—Market is dull and weak.

Quoted at 15@20c per bushel in sacks.

At. Chicago there is nothing doing in

old potatoes; are quoted at 17@20c



Gooseberries.~Are in fair demand

and sell at $2 per 24-qt. case.



Chicago—Supply is ample and the

market is a. shade easier. Downings.

16-qt. cases 90c@$1; others 60@75c.



Red Raspberries.—VVere in fair sup-

ply and were selling at $2.75@3 per

24-pt. case.



Chicago—Michigan berries are quot-

ed. at $2@3 per 24-pt. case.





 





WOOL.



Boston—Manufacturers are needing

wool to fill orders and are willing to

pay the price. Brokers are firm in the

belief that values will continue to ad-

vance, and are therefore not anxious

to dispose of their holdings. There is

a shortage in the American clip, for-

eign markets are advancing, the war

will probably continue over another

winter necessitating large orders for

army goods; all of which point to an

unusually good market for the coming

year. Fleeces have advanced in price

in the producing states, and offerings

are meagre. They are paying 38c for

three-eighths and one-quarter comb-

ing in Missouri. Boston quotations

for Michigan unwashed delaines are

26@27c: do. combing 29@34c; do.

clothing 24@30c.





 





GRAND RAPIDS.





 





First red raspberries are in and the

crop promises to be large. Cherries

will probably move slowly this week

on account of large supply, sours sell-

Gooseber-

ries are worth $1 and currants $1.50.

The peach supply in this section prom-

ises to be large, also plums and.‘

grapes, and there will be an abund

ance of apples. The Grand Rapids





quoted at $1.12 and August rye at 94c. Fruit Growers’ Association is planning





per bushel. _

Beans—The demand for beans is

light and prices are down So since





last week. Detroit quotations: (‘ash

$2.85: Au‘g. $2.95. Chicago trade quiet

and steady. Pea beans. hand-picked

choice. quoted at $3.18fi325: common

$3@3.15; red kidneys $3.25@3.65.





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





Noun—Jobbing lots in one-eighth

paper sacks are selling on the Detrort

market per 196 lbs, as follows: Best

patent $6.30; seconds 86: straight

$5.90; spring patent $6.50; rye flour

$6 40





Feed.-—In 100—lb. sacks. jobbing lots

are: Bran $25; standard middlings

$29; fine middlings $32; cracked corn

$22: corn and oat chop $30 per ton.



Hay.—Market is steady. Carlots on

track at Detroit are: No. 1 tim-

othy $18.50@19: standard $17.50@18:

light mixed $17.50

@ , No. 1

clove; $14@14.50._ , -





.4 .





to get out. fruit circulars and to adver-

tise this market for the purpose of

bringing the buyers here. Prices for

garden stuff on the market are as fol-

lows: Asparagus 900: spinach 250:

peas $1@1.25; pieplant 500. Wheat

has advanced to $1.17 for No. 2 red,

$2115 oats at 68c; corn 75c; beans





 





DETROIT EASTERN MARKET.





 





Farmers offered produce in large

quantities at the Eastern Market on

Tuesday morning. Buyers were out in

force- making the market fairly satis-

factory. Strawberries are about over,

with 32-qt. crates selling at $3@4;

currants 10@12c per qt; gooseberries

$1.75@2.25 per 24-qt. case; cherries,

sour $2.75@3 per bu; peas 45@60c per

bu; lettuce 200; cauliflower $1.25;

cabbage 50c; turnips $1@1.25; onions

seven bunches f0r 25c: eggs 25c per

No hay in sight;.....- _ 4.:





...‘H.





LIVE STOCK MARKETS.

Buffalo.





 





July 5, 1915.





(Special Report of Dunning & Stev- i





ens. New York Central Stock

Yards, Buffalo, N. Y.)



Receipts here today as follows: Cat-

tle 155 cars; hogs 93 d. d.; sheep and

lambs 12 d. d.; calves 1400 head.



With 155 cars of cattle on the mar-

ket here today and 16,000 reported in

Chicago, all the good dry-fed cattle

sold fully 250 per cwt. higher than on

last Monday, and the quality consider-

ed this week on the tops was quite a

bit better than last week. However,

there were several loads of cattle sold

at $9.90@10, but they were superior

to anything shown here last. week.

The common and grassy kind sold

only about steady to strong, but the

grassy cattle that had been fed corn

on the grass sold about 15@25c per

cwt. higher. Cows sold about. steady

with last week. We would caution

our shippers to be careful about these

grassy cattle that are not getting corn,

as they are. bad sellers and make a

bad appearance here on the market.



Our receipts of hogs were some

higher than generally expected today

and with good demand for all light

weights, market was active and high-

er on this kind and generally 5@100

higher on the good weights and mixed

grades, although trading on anything

but light. stuff was rather dull and a

few hogs on the mixed order going

over unsold. Packers bought their

hogs at $8.10@8.15, and shippers paid

as high as $8.25 for lots that run

light. with a good number of pigs

among them. Extreme heavy hogs

were very dull and quotable from $7.75

@8; roughs $6.50@6.75; stags $5@

550. All light weights sold today but

seven or eight loads of heavy and mix-

ed that. are. going over unsold.



The market was active today on

lambs and sheep, with prices 500 high-

er than the close of last week; most

of the choice lambs selling at $10.50.

Look for steady prices last of week

with moderate receipts. '



We quote: Spring lambs $10.50@

10.75: cull to fair $6@10: yearlings

$7.50@8.50: bucks $3@4.50: handy

ewes $6@6.25; heavy do $5635.50;

wethers $6.50@7.25; cull sheep $3@

4.50; veals, choice to extra $10.75@

11: fair to good $7@10.§0; heavy

calves $6@8.





 





Chicago.

July 5, 1915.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.





Receipts today..15.000 24.000 10,000

Same day 1915..10,967 19,055 7,795

Last week ...... 44.267 141,525 63,707

Same wg 1914...39.683 116,404 86,647





Shipments from Chicago last week

were: Cattle 8676; hogs 24,741: sheep

130; comparing with 17.505 cattle; 14.-

711 hogs and 6181 sheep for the same

week last year.



Cattle were active and higher to-

day, prime lots selling 15@20c higher,

with sales at $10.10@10.15¢ Cows were

slow. Hogs were steady, the best sell—

ing at $7.80 and prime pigs at $7.50.

The hogs received last week averaged

234 lbs. Lambs were steadv. with

choiCe spring lambs selling at $9.75.





Cattle were in active general de-

mand last week, with a. fair eastern

shipping inquiry. and as the receipts

were not over large, prices pursued

an upward course, further good ad-





vances taking place. especially on I‘m A





choicer class of beeves. Top prices

were higher than at any previous time

this year, with the bulk of the steers

selling on Vl‘ednesdav at $8.60@9.65.

while the choicer class of heavv steers





sold at $9.65@9.95 and the. better class 1





of yearling steers at $950,629.75. Dis-

tillery fed beeves reached a new high

mark by selling for $9 75. and free

sn‘es were made of good steers at

80.1557‘9 60. while a medium class sold

at. 8875677910 and an inferior to fair

class of grassy and warmed-up steers

brought $6.50fi7870. Veerlings sold

all the way down to- $7 50@R.50 for the

poorer offerings. while butchering

COWS and heifers went at $5 306779 50

piitforg at $4 REfmF 0‘: pannprq 2* $35"

@460 and hulls at $5798 Calves were

in active demand. so far at least as

the choicer offerings were concerned

with sales all the way down from

$9.50@10.50 for light—weight. vealers,

to $5638 50 for the common to- good

heavier lots. Now that 810 cattle are

in sight. no one. thinks that that is go-

ing to be the limit, for the scarcity of

cattle in the country is such that.

there is little doubt that we are going

to see the highest prices ever record-

ed, and even the fair to middling

kinds will undoubtedly sell relatively

high. But at. such a time owners

should not cheat themselves out of the

greater profits to be derived from care-

ful feeding, and ",no matter, how. high

Goran-may.-selxl=.«-.—-it;.gs.hould be fed .to





stock'in suitable amounts, Fertunate-

'ly, grass isvabundantneyewwhere. and.





what better use can good pasturage

be put to than to grazing well-bred

cattle?

live cattle and beef for army purposes

8 enormous, and it will last as long as

the. war continues without any doubt.

It IS this demand in great part, that

explains the fact that prime weighty

steers are selling higher than the best

yearlings.



Hogs were in good eastern shipping

demand, as well as in activ'e'local re-

quest, last week, and there was very

firm undertone to the market on the

whole. It is true that the market de-

clined at times, but quick recoveries

usually followed, and the prevailing

tendency was to place the best class

of hogs close to $8. Eastern shippers

wanted this class, as well as prime

heavy hogs. and the top prices were

paid for Iiglithwith rime heavy going

at a discount of a but 15@200. Re-

cent receipts have averaged in weight

231 lbs., comparing with 238 lbs. one

year ago and 242 lbs. two years ago,

and the offerings have averaged very

fairly in quality for this season of the

year. Sentiment. of the. trade is that

hogs are going to sell higher in the

not distant. future. Late in the week

hogs soared to $7.10@7.92l/2, with pigs

selling mainly at $6.25im7.60.



Spring lambs are marketed in mod-

'erate numbers, receipts consisting in

the main of natives, with a limited

number of consignments from Idaho.

Oregon has contributed a. few big

bunches of clipped wethers and year-

lings, and fair numbers of clipped na-

tive ewes have arrived. The aggre-

gate receipts of all kinds. of live mut'

tons were meager. and early last week

insufficient offerings caused the best

Idaho spring lambs to sell up to $10.90,

but. later in the week sharp declines

in prices occurred, as packers refused

to pay early values. Late in the week

sales took place of spring lambs at

$6.75@10.35. clipped flocks selling as

follows: Lambs $6@9.25: ewes $8“

$6: wethers $6@7; yearlings $6.25@8.



Horses were in the usual good de

mand for foreign army purposes, and

prim": were firmer for the best “gun-

ners,” with sales to the British gov-

ernment as high as $210. Otherwise

trade was not especially active. with

prices usually unchanged, and sales of

farm chunks at $60@200.





 





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





 





(Continued from page 36).

pects not so_good, as we had a late

frost. Spraying somewhat neglected.

Most of the wool was sold at 20@30c;

butter-fat 290; eggs 19c; hogs 6%0;

$311538 $130; oa$t2s756253§101d potatoes

.a c; eans. .0;lsh

$12@14. 00 e ay



Indiana.





Elkhart Co., June 28.——Weather has

been cool with plenty of rain. A good

part of the corn had to. be replanted,

due to poor seed and cold weather,

also damage by worms. The first crop

of alfalfa has been cut, yielding well.

Wheat and rye are filling well and

soon will be ready to cut. Cherries

and strawberries are a good crop. On-

1y a. few farmers sprayed after blos-

soming.



Ohio.





Crawford Co., Jilne 28.——We are

haying fine- weather. Wheat is filling

out nicely and is looking better than

for a. number of years. Harvest will

soon be in progress. Hay making has

begun and is in general a small crop.

large acreage of corn had been

planted, and farmers are busy culti—

vating the second and third time.

About the average acreage of pota-

toes. Cherries are good and prospects

are fair for the apple crop. Not much

spraying done after blossoming. A

arge amount of wool has been raised





and is all marketed at 25@31cz but-

ter-fat 281/2c; milk $1.30 per cwt.





Wisconsin.



Jackson Co., June 26.~—Fine growing

weather at present; clover is about

ready for cutting: meadows and pas-

tures-looking well. Small grain very

pronnsmg, but corn and hoed crops

are small for the season; a large

acreage of contract beans and cucum—

bers planted, or being planted. SOme

early planted cut down by frosts June

15-17. Strawberries selling at $1.5"

per 16~qt. case. Blueberries at $2.40

per 16-qt. case. Apples promise a fair

crop. Butter-fat 27c; eggs 150.





 





George Dick, of Sycamore, 111., mar-

keted 17 prime 1,667-lb. steers recent-

ly in Chicago at $9.35, grossing $155.-

86 per head, the highest price that

any cattle of such heavy weight have

brought during the last four months.

They were dehorned, branded Wyom-

ing Herefords, that were bought in

Omaha last October, when they aver-

aged 1150 lbs. They were fed twice

daily a mixed ration of ensilage,

ground shelled corn and oil meal, hav-

ing access to clover hay. During one





period . of.» 65 days. of. feeding they





made an average gain of five pounds

per headdaily. , , . - .





The foreign demand for our





1 1'3.‘





1.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





to...
a L“)-





 





 





 





 





JULY ‘10, .1915.





,THIS IS THE FIRST EDITION.





The first edition is sent to those Who

have not expressed a desire for the

latest markets. The late market edi-

tion will be sent on request at any

time. .





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





 





 





Thursday’s Market.

July 1, 1915.

Cattle.



Receipts 1642. There was another

heavy supply of cattle on sale at the

local stocn yards this week and fol-

lowing the heavy run last week made

a dull draggy market. Owing to the

local meat trade being very dull and

Wholesalers being well filled up, near-

1y everything on sale was of the gras-

sy order, only one or two loads of

dry-fed being on hand. The farmer is

advised to mom on to his stocxers as

prices for beef will undoubtedly go

higher and smokers should be fed. No

use sending them here as they cannot

be sold for feeding purposes and go

cheap when sold for beef. There is

no telling when the yards will be re-

leased so they can be shipped back to

the farm, and farmers not having pas

ture should try and dispose of them

to their more fortunate neighbors.

Still nothing doing in milch cows. The

close was dull, as icilows: Best dry-

fed steers $8@8.50; best handy-weight

butcher steers grass, $7@7.75; mixed

steers and heifers, grassers $7@7.50;

handy light butchers, grass $6.50@

6.75; light butchers, grass $6@6.50;

best cows $6@6.25; butcher cows $5@

5.50; common COWS $4@4.50; canners

$3@4; best heavy bulls $6@6.25; bo-





. logna. bulls $5.25@5.75.





Ree Com. Co. sold Thompson Bros.

5 cows av 1164 at $6, 10 butchers av

823 at $7.10, 3 bulls av 1160 at $5.75,

1 cow wgh 980 at $5.25; to Hammond,

S. & Co. 2 cows av 1200 at $6; to Sul-

livan P. Co. 7 butchers av 981 at $7,

1 heifer wgh 670 at $6; 4 bulls av

1072 at $5.50; to Kull 4 steers av 840

at $5.25, 4 do av 732 at $6.85; to Ap-

plebaum 2 do av 515 at $5.60; to Kam-

man B. Co. 11 butchers av 800 at

$6.90, 2 cows av 815 at $5.10; to New-

ton B. Co. 14 steers av 1088 at $7.50,

1 do wgh 970 at $6.50; to Thompson

Bros. 13 do aV'1120 at $8, 3 bulls av

1063 at $5.50, 3 butchers av 777 at

$6.75; to Bresnahan 8 do av 800 at

6.60.



3 Reason & S. sold Kull 3 butchers av

787 at $5.25, 2 do av 880 at $7; to

Hammond, S. & Co. 3 cows av 1113 at

$6.25, 1 do wgh 1010 at $6.50; to

Thompson Bros. 4 steers av 800 at

$7.65, 2 bulls av 850 at $5.40; to Ham-

mond, S & Co. 5 cows av 1094 at $6,

8 steers av 860 at $7.50; to Buck &

S. 2 steers av 1105 at $7.50, 3 do av

937 at $7.10; to Golden 1 cow wgh

780 at $4.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 2 do

av 910 at $5, 1 do wgh 940 at $4, 5

butchers av 824 at $6.30, 19 do av 985

at $7.55, 6 do av 843 at $7.25.



Veal Calves.



Receipts 768. Veal calf trade was

active from start to finish and good

grades were 250 higher than last week.

Best $10.50@11; others $7@10.



Sandel, S., B. & G. sold Hammond,

S. & Co. 22 av 160 at $10.50, 2 av 150

at $9, 2 av 125 at $8.50; to Sullivan

P. Co. 5 av 145 at $10, 2 av 180 at

$10; to Mich. B. Co. 4 av 155 at $10,

3 av 200 at $8.50, 3 av 175 at $10, 1

wgh 230 at $11, 1 wgh 270 at $7.50, 2

av 170 at $10, 6 av 150 at $10.50.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts 1411. The sheep and lamb

trade was active and choice springers

250 higher than last week. Heavy

sheep are dull and hard sellers at $4@

4.25: medium and light weights are

steady. Best sprin lambs $10.75@

11; fair lambs $7. 0@8.50; light to

common lambs $6@7; yearlings $7@

8; fair to good sheep $4.25@5.25; culls

and common $3@4.



Reason & S. sold Sullivan P. Co.

3 lambs av 58 at $10.50; to Parker,

W. & Co. 98 do av 60 at $11, 16 do av

65 at $11, 10 do av 66 at $8, 14 sheep

av 105 at $5.



Haley & M. sold Parker, W. & Co.

4 lambs av 70 at $10.50, 7 sheep av

115 at $4.50. /



Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S.

& Co. 19 lambs av 50 at $10, 4 year-

lings av 75 at $7.50; to Thompson &

Bro. 8 lambs av 60 at $10.75, 31 do av

65 at $11, 6 yearlings av 95 at $7; to

Mich. B. Co. 9 sheep av 80 at $5, 9

lambs av 60 at $10.50: to Fitzpatrick

Bros. 16 lambs av 50 at $9.50, 14 do

av 70 at $.11; to Mich. B. 00. 14

sheep av 110 at $5.25: to Parker, W.

&. Co. 19 lambs av 58 at $10.50: to

Sullivan P. Co. 11 yearlings av 80 at

$8.50, 15 sheep av 100 at $5; to Mich.





' B. Co. 10 yearlings av 74 at $8, 4





sheep av 120 at $4.





Hogs.



Receipts 6436. In the hog depart-

ment the market was steady with

Wednesday; all grades selling at $7.90

07.95. Swift & 00. have a buyer on

this market now and it looks as

though he ' was to become a. perma—

nent fixture,





c





THE‘MrICHI'GA‘N’ FARMER





. Friday's Market.

July 2, 1915.

Cattle.





Receipts this week 2110; last week

2361; dry-fed canners steady; all oth‘

er grades 15@25c lower than Wednes-

day. Best dryefed steers $8608.35; best

handy weight butcher steers, grass,

$7.25@7.65; mixed steers and heifers

$7@7.35; handy light butchers $6.25@

6.50; light butchers $6@6.25; _best

cows $5.75@6; butcher cows $5@5.50;

common cows $4@4.35; canners $3@

4; best heavy bulls $5.50@6; bologna

bulls $5@5.50. .



,Veal Calves.



Receipts this week 1040; last week

979; market dull. Best $10@10.50;

others $7@9.50.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this week 1883; last week

1026; marker 50@75c lower than the

opening Thursday.

1025; fair lambs $7.50@8.50; light to

common lambs $6@7; yearlings $7@8;

fair to good sheep $4.25@5; culls and

common $3@4.



Hogs. .



Receipts this week 9275; last week

9944; market So lower or $7.85@7.90.





it[llHill!Illlllllllll|ll|llllIllllIllIll||lllIll|lIlIll|IllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillliillllllll [g

a: - ‘

g V eterinary.





Till—IlillllllllIllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllillllllllllllliilllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHlIlllllllllllilllfi

CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.





 





llllliilllllllllli





 





get cows with calf. Was not used for

breeding purposes until eight months

old and has not been over-worked

since. J. R. M., Plainwell, Mich.“

Your bull should have a change of

feed and perhaps more exercise; how-

ever, it is possible that lie is in some

way abnormal and may never be a

sure calf getter. _



Congested Udder.~Have a cow that

came fresh a short time ago which

has congested udder and gives very

little milk. A. L. S., Grand Rapids,

Mich.——Foment udder with warm wa-

ter and massage it gently two or three

times a day. . Milk her clean each

time and also give her 1,5 oz. of fluid

extract phytolacca at a dose three

times a day. If her bowels are costive

give her enough epsom salts to clean

her out.



Cow Leaks Milk—My eight-year—old

cow leaks milk between milking times

and I would like to know how to stop

it. L. O. C., Deford, Mich—Milk her

three times a day. or use teat plugs.



Obstructed Teat.——I have a cow with

a hard bunch in teat which obstructs

milk flow and I have applied remedy

to absorb it, but failed. F. J. L., Ak-

ron, Mich—Employ competent Vet.

and have him remove it. Drugs will

not dissolve it or absorb it. .



Rheumatism.——Have litter of pigs

nine weeks old which our local Vet.

says have worms in muscles. Two of





them dropped down in all four legs:. d





besides, I believe their back is affect-

ed. Several of my young pigs have

sore ears and their nose swells. These

pigs formerly ran in rape pasture, but

I have taken them out. Two of them

that had back trouble appear to soon

get well when living on rape. O. T.

S., Unionville, Mich—Hog raisers

must understand the importance of

keeping pigs clean and out of damp

filthy places; besides, they should be

fed a balanced ration. Your hogs suf-

fer from the effects of improper feed-

ing and I would suggest that you feed

less corn, more green food and apply

a two per cent solution of coal tar dis-

infectant to your hogs twice a day:

besides, use the same preparation

freely for disinfecting purposes. If

your hogs are kept in a shadedplace

that is damp, remove them. How did

your Vet. find out that your pigs suf

for from trichinosis? -



Diseased Hogs—My hogs are dying

from some contagious disease other

than cholera and swine plague. Last

May I bought a young male pig in ap-

parently fine health. In about ten

days this pig refused to eat, then

would eat a little and vomit; also his

eyelids became stuck together. These

I cleaned and later he went blind. He

also developed a diarrhea of a green-

ish black color, became very emaciat-

ed and died: before he died five other

pigs running with him were taken

with the same disease and developed

nearly the same symptoms. except

that they did not all go blind after

the crust was removed from the eyes

and only two of them showed any

diarrhea, and they had better.a.ppe-

tites before they died. Please advise

me as to the nature of and treatment

for this disease. L. I. S., Trenton,

Mich-If your hogs do not suffer from

cholera or swine plague I am at a

loss to know from the symptoms vou

give how to diagnose the trouble. Kind-

ly understand, several of the symp-

toms you give are characteristic symp-

toms of cholera... It being contagious





and pretty fatal would indicate a. viru-





Best lambs $10@'





ifoot-and-mouth disease and quaran-





lent'active infection. As you are

familiar with the preventative meas-

ures that must be taken to prevent

the spread of cholera infection and

what constitutes immunity against

well pigs taking the disease, it is

needless for me to say any more. I

might add that I do not. believe your

diseased hogs can be cured by giving

them drugs.



Infected Food—My hens are affect-

ed with lameness first, after a few

days they are helpless and soon die.

I wish you would tell me what to do

for them. J. T.. Gaget0wn, Mich.—-'

It is what your chickens eat or drink

that is killing them or else they are

not housed in proper place. A com-

plete change of feed, pure water, a

new clean run on land that has not

been used for a chicken run, also

plenty of sunshine, is what they need.

Give each hen 5 grs. bicarbonate of

soda daily. Understand the import-

ance of a clean and thoroughly disin«

fected roosting place.



Shy Breeder.——-I read with interest

the veterinary columns of the Michi-

gan Farmer but fail to find a case like

mine. I have a six-year-old mare that

fails to get with foal. Last year I

had the same trouble and on examina-

tion found the womb closed. but after

putting it in proper condition, she got

with foal; however, three months lat-

er she had miscarriage and this spring

we find her with neck of womb open-

ed. but fails to get with foal. I do

not believe she has contagious abor-

tion. What. treatment do you advise?

C. H., Allegan, Mich—When the neck

of womb was dilated your mare was

perhaps injured or infected, which re-

sulted in an improper sealing of 0p-

ening leading into uterus and on ac-





count of this the neck of womb

stands open. Therefore. if she does

get with foal, she will abort. Without





a physical examination I could not

tell, this condition often follows the

use of too much force in opening neck

of uterus. Good care and frequent

breeding of your mare may get her

with foal and it is possible she may

not abort; however, it is doubtful.

Chronic Incurable Lameness.——Have

a 12-year-old mare that has been lame

for four years, but shows little lame-

ness when walking, and I seldom re-

quire to drive her faster than a walk.

She also has an itchy condition of the





 





skin. M. J. M., East Jordan, Mich.—

Your mare is perhaps incurable. See

treatment for itchy skin, this column.



Chronic Indigestion—Heaves.—Have

a 14-year-old mare that has heavesl

and does not thrive, and might add

that she does not chew her food, es-

pecially grain. G. Shelbyville,

Mich—Her - teeth may require float-i

ing. Dampen her hay, feed less bulky

food; grass is better than dry-cured

fodder. Give her 1 dr. fluid extract

lobelia and a dessertspoonful of Fow‘

ler's solution at a dose three times a

day. Also give 1,4 oz. hyposulphite of

soda at a dose two or three times a





ay.

Stifle Lameness—Loss of Appetite.

”Have a two-year-old colt that shows

lameness in left hind leg and when

'lame always drags toe on ground. I

also have an 11-year-old horse with

poor appetite; eats grain, but drinks

little water. L. A. T.. White Cloud.

Mich—Apply equal parts turpentine,

aqua ammonia and olive oil to stifle

three times a week and he will get

well. Give your other horse 1 dr. of

ground nux vomica, 1%; oz. of ground

gentian at a dose three times a day.





Opacity of Cornea.——My two-yearold

filly bumped eye, causing film which

I would like to have removed. S. W.

H., Conklin, Mich—Give her 1 dr. of

potassium iodide at a dose night and.

morning. Blow a small quantity of

calomel on to eveball once a dav. Fo-

menting eves with hot water will have

a good effect. ,



Bursal Swellings—Bacterial Infec-

tion—I have a colt nine days old with

a soft puffy bunch on each knee and'

both of these bunches were on colt at!

birth. I might also add that same

colt is weak in fetlock and knee. A.

B., Hillman. Mich—Apply alcohol to

weak and puffed joints twice a. day.‘

Also feed the mare well.





 





 





 





LIVE STOCK NEWS.





There is a great falling off this year

in cattle feeding near distilleries. and

this will help owners to obtain better

prices for well matured corn-fed

beeves of heavy weight than would

be paid otherwise. Late reliable ad-

Vices from Kentucky state that the

supplv of distillery fed cattle below

the. Ohio river is unusually small, less

whisky than in other years having

been manufactured, and the Illinois

and Indiana output of “stillers” is es-

timated as about 30 per cent below

normal, owing to the spread of the





 





tines. It is stated that Canada has

about 8.000 such cattle for marketing

during the present month. .





 





15- 35





that makes a specialty of Hampshire



The packers are using the large

spring pig crop of this country as a

bear argument for hog prices, more

pigs having been saved than ever be-

fore, according to reliable reports

from all parts of the country. The

owners of hogs are not disposed to

take such a view, however, taking the

stand that. the unprecedented scarcity

and consequent unusual dearness of

beef and mutton cannot fail to create

a. correspondingly increased consump~

tion of fresh and cured hog products.

Of late hogs marketed have ran large-

ly to medium weights, with prime light

hogs the best sellers. At. this season

of the year, when hot weather is like-

ly to develop suddenly, it is of. the

greatest importance that country ship-

pers should not only endeavor to sea

lent the best weather for shipments,

but should also avoid overloading the

cars, for a few dead hogs cut greatly

into profits.





 





 





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PAINT WAREHOUSE. 352 Benubien. Detroit. Mich.





Farms and Farm lands For Sale





FARM GOOD, CHEAP,





9 PROFITABLE





UNUSUAL ()PPOIE’I'UNITIEH NOW

State Board of Agriculture, Dover, Del.

WHY PAY RE" beet farm land in Michi-

gan at. from $12 to $20 an

acre on easy terms. Write (or particulars.





STAFFELD BROTHERS. Owners.

15 Merrill Bldg. Saginaw. West Side, High.

We always have able





no You “Ell F‘RM "ELF? bodied young men,





experienced and inexperienced. who want farm work.

Our object is to encourage farming among Jews;

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- ° 94 A . . -

A Widow Must Sacrifice. .mf‘ifaaifé‘i’fife

barn-“hen house. hog house plenty fruit. wood and

some timber. On main road.one’.milo to village stores

creamerien. churches. Ton quick buyer 816(1) pert.

cash. Hall's Farm Agency. Owego rings 00-. H.,Y.





EARMS WANTED'W" ”"9 (“mt buy... Write

lowest price. We hefififi‘fgfig pigo‘fcztyagifllfig





property Free. American Investment Association.

10 Palace Bldg.. Minneapolis. Minn.





     





 





 





 





 





 





 





when you can buy the





 





Chicago. Illinois.





 





 





 





A Fine Romeo Farm. Macomb County, Mich. 140

acres, 8-room house. 2 large barns. Gravel Loam soil.

good water. Price $14 000. only terms. L. JOHNS, Innuer

Farm Dept... Walk-r C. Piper. 406 Penohscot Building, ‘ ,





 





‘OR SALE—In Newaygo County. fine fruit. and dairy farm,

consisting of 280 acres. For particulars write the owner.

WM. HUNTOON, B, R, 1. Twin Lake. Michigan.





 





—moot profitable general fann-

BI"! calmly Farms ing section in State. Real hnr~

gains. Write for list A. Bonham a Trim. Hastings. Mich





 





80 ACRES. 32 improved. frame house. new base—

. merit. hnrn, crops. stook. tools. Good reason for

selling. Lynus Macombor. owner, H. 3. Gaylord.Mich.





Good Feed—Chen .





salvage grains. The Blrflett 00.. Jackson. M ch.





ELEVATOR FOR SALE. 1‘22,“





Grand Trunk Railroad in one of Miohipn' ‘ beet.

farming points. Will sell. rent. joint mutt or

trade for farm. L. Yale. 104 Kolbrook Ave.. Detroit. dick.





 





 





We are commission merchants





Poultry, 0: m, Eggs, Fruit: and Vegetables.



Will. be pleased to quote market on request. When



i'i’lf‘u‘ih‘it‘i‘i fihb‘o’l‘i n'i‘i'li area‘s-0°; p

Mulls-tot. Detroit. Mich. ANY“





HAY OUR NEW LOCATION—

623-625 Wabedl Bldg, Pittsburgh Pa.

Dnme’ l McCaffx-ey’s Sons Co.





-—We are paying from one to three canto

F‘mms above the highest. omcial Detroit Mal-tot

quotation for your can ship direct to us by ex-





pren. Write no t i f .

American Butteroa 3’53: '83.. 153%?M’iohi





mun Mrs-s "m .. "i"

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Th. Ohlo Car-

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Station 56

Columbus,

ONO ,





 

 

 





 

 





 

 





   

 





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A Farquhar Elevator Digger will harvest your potato

crop With less than half the labor of hand digging.

Besides, all the potatoes Will be on top the ground in

marketable shape. Farquhar Diggers lead because

they combine eitimency With simple construction. light

draft and durability. For small crops we have the re-

nowned Success Junior and Gilt Edge Walking Diggers.

Send for free booklet. "Harvesting the Potato Crop,”

which explains the numerous advantages of the (litter-

ent Farquliar Diggers. .





A. B. FARQUBAR (30.. “(1.. Box 212, York, Penna.

Other Forquhnr Products, Engines. Sow Mills,





 





 





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THE M'ICHI’GA





.1





:,





lLK-VVAGON routes in large cit-

ies retrace and “criss-cross”

one another, thus adding to the

cost of distribution; this duplication

of effort has a direct bearing on the

retail price of milk, as it increases the

expenses of the milk dealers. On the

other hand it is also a tax upon the

farmer, for it tends to keep down the

price paid for milk on the farm. It

must be understood, however, that

much of the waste in milk delivery,

under the present system, can not be

entirely prevented, because there are

so many dealers in each locality, and

competition is keen. According to the

dairy experts of the United States De-

partment of Agriculture, efforts should

be made, nevertheless, by the dealers,

to concentrate their business as much

as possible so as to lessen thedis-

lance traveled by the wagon for each

quart. of milk delivered, by securing a

large number of customers in a small

area.

Expensive Delivery.

in the District of Columbia 98 routes

Were measured. The shortest distance

traveled by any wagon was 10.4 miles,

and the longest was 30, showing a.

considerable variation. The average

distance for the 98 wagons was 19.1

miles. Vl'hen these measurements were

made there were approximately 510

miles of streets in the district, and 250

wagons were making the retail deliv-





 





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FBE Make inquiry. Write today for our

DESCRIPTIVE LITERATURE, ETC.

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CHAMPION POTATO MACHINERY COMPANY





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Ilide'a RANGER





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THE MORITZ-MULLIN (30..

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650 Woodward Ave.. Detroit. Mich. Cadillac—840.

“Service First" to “Signal" elegan.





 





Built low-

wide tires prevent rutting

- t druftf—eavle wlfrkl anddrepairs. Write for

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~ Iloctrlc ‘3‘...» Co" 35 Elm 89.. Qulncy, Ill.





 





 





 





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Est. 1860. Catalogs free.



135 Main St. Mich-wake, 1nd.





7 lb. 2 F

BINDER muses... .-...':.. it's-us.





and catalog free. Theo Burt it, one, Melrose. Ohio.





 





 





 





cries of milk. Figuring that each of

these wagons traveled 19.1 miles, they

all covered 4,775 miles each day, or



.3 times the sum of all the streets in

the district. Thus the time of about

eight; of every nine wagons was used

uneconomically. More than 80 dealers

were making the deliveries.



Consumers Want Smaller Bottles.



The present trend in retail business

seems to be toward the small pack-

age. A few years ago many kinds of

food were sold in bulk which at: pres-

ent are, purchased, to a large extent, in

small packages. The same trend is

noticeable in the retail milk business,

there being a greater demand for pint

bottles than for quart, in the five

large cities recently studied by the de-

partmentfiBoston, \K’ashington, Pitts-

burgh, Philadelphia and Baltimore.

Seventy-four dealers in these cities

handled daily about 260,000 quart bot-

tlcs and 361,000 pint bottles. About

41 per cent of the total bottled milk

of these dealers is handled in pints.



It takes considerably longer to wash

and fill two pint bottles than one

quart; moreover, it costs nearly as

much to deliver a pint as it does a

quart bottle of milk. One dealer, who

handles quarts only, says it would

take the profit from one quart of milk

to make up for the loss on one pint,

yet, as the figures show, there is a

surprisingly large number of pints

handled by some dealers.



Where do the Bottles Go?



The loss of bottles is a perplexing

problem to all dealers and, in the ag-

gregate, the total amount of money

lost reaches great proportions in a

year. The life of a pint bottle is much

shorter than that of a quart, which is

computed to last from six to 50 trips,

the average being 22.5 trips. If the

dealer delivers 10,000 bottles daily,

and they cost him three and one-half

cents each, his daily expense for re-

placing bottles would be $15.55, or

$5,675.75 at year. It is necessary to

use small bottles for‘some kinds of

trade, as, for instance, the hotel or





N FARMER





’lll!!llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllIllllIllllllllllillllllIllllllllllIlllllllllHlllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllll|lililllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllilllllfi





Farm Commerccé





tlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllll|IllllllllllllllIllllIllllllllllllllllllll||lllllllllllll|llllllll||llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





Factors In Cost of Milk





Some Inefficient Methods Prevelent at the Distributors End

of the Milk Business Which Compcl Dealers





to Cut Prices to Farmers.





restaurant trade, where the guests

are served milk in the bottle, but the

cost of delivery and the loss of bot-

tles in connection with trade. is usual-

ly small. In some sections of the cit-

ies, customers often feel unable to buy

more than a pint of milk at a time:

this has a tendency to cut down the

consumption of milk. Other families

are so small that they do not require

more than a pint.



If a pint sells for more than half

the price of a quart, as is often the





case, then buying by the pint is the.





more expensive method for the con-

sumer, as he pays the extra cost of

delivery. If there is no difference in

price, then the extra. cost of delivery

comes out of the profits of the dealer.

The small, local community stores of-

ten handle large quantities of milk

and here, loo, the greatest demand is

for pint bottles.



On account of the convenient size

there is also more temptation for the

customers to appropriate a pint bottle

instead of the quart, for the preserv-

ing of vegetables and fruits, and for

other purposes. Although in most

places this is contrary to law, yet it

is often done without any feeling of

guilt on the part of the housewife.

Not all bottles, however, are lost or

broken, large numbers being simply

mislaid. Some get into the hands of

other dealers, some are dumped into

the ash barrel by persons ignorant of

their value, while others are lost.



Keep the Milk Cold.



The city consumer of milk can

greatly aid the dealer by cleaning and

returning promptly every bottle re-

ceived. The bottle should be washed

in clear, warm water, then in very

hot water, and stood wrong side up in

a clean place to dry. This, done by

the housewife, is particularly a saving

when the dealer or dairyman operates

only a small plant and does not have

the outfit for rapid cleaning. When

milk is left in bottles to get sour or to





’putrefy, it adds to the dairyman’s cost





for cleaning them, and the same is

true when a little milk is allowed to

dry in the bottle, especially in the





‘angle around the bottom.





Another way in which the consumer

can cooperate is by quickly removing

the milk from the doorstep or porch

where the heat from the sun. is likely

soon to affect, it. The farmer and the

dcaler, if they have done their part in

keeping'ihe milk cold, can not be held

responsible if the consumer fails, im-

mediately upon receipt of the milk, to

put it into the refrigerator. A few

hours’ exposure to the summer heat

soon brings the temperature up to

above 50 degrees R, where the bacte-

rial content increases rapidly. The

department’s experts advise keeping

the milk, as much as it is practicable,

in the original receptacle in which it

is received, and at a temperature of

between 40 and 50 degrees F., thus

aiding in keeping down the great sum-

mer waste caused by the souring of

milk before it, can be used.





 





OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE WIDE-

AWAKE FARMER.





 





The live, alert business farmer nev-

er follows the groove as made by pre-

ceding generations; instead he carves

his way into new unapplied methods,

and generally be is well], repaid for his

trouble. .. -

~-The opportunities offered today by





 





JULY 10, 1.915.





the parcel post system and express

companies to ship eggs, butter, chick-

ens, fruit, and vegetables direct to the

consumer, if taken advantage of will

increase the cash income from 10 to

20 per cent. It is much easier to hand

your shipments to the mail man at the

door than to be obliged to go to town

and make deliveries. Don’t stop to

wonder if the consumer will pay you

more money, he is paying more money

today for less satisfactory products.

Do you not think that good fresh, pal-

atable products, direct from the farm

will tempt him to pay a little more

and at the same time you can promote

his trade by charging considerable

less than he has been paying. To the

producer who has been taking his pay

for butter and eggs in groceries, this

method of marketing should makea

strong appeal.



There are many ways that a farmer

can get in touch with consumers. He

can correspond with friends who live

in nearby cities; he can go and solicit

from the homes or in shops or offices

where “consumers’ clubs” can be or-

ganized; he can write the postmaster

of the following cities: Detroit, Mich.,

Chicago, 11]., Toledo, Ohio, Cleveland,

Ohio, Indianapolis, Ind., requesting to

be put in touch with consumers; he

can address the Farm Commerce De-

partment of the Michigan Farmer, giv-

ing name, address and list of products

for sale and they will have same de-

livered to consumers in Detroit who

will be asked to write looking toward

an arrangement for making shipments

of farm products direct; or he can

taken the matter up with his local

postmaster.



The main draw-back to the ship-

ment by parcel post has been the in-

ability to get satisfactory containers;

but this is not a factor at the present

time, as very satisfactory boxes are

to be had at reasonable prices. These

boxes are strong, durable and light

and will. carry eggs safely by mail.

Some of these are known to have car-

ried a consignment every week. for

over a year and are still in the service

and dozens of shipments of eggs have

been made without a single broken

one.



With such a field for action you will

not conserve your best interests un-

less you do go after all the profits

that would naturally accrue to you

from the use of this service. A. S.





llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllliillllllllllllllll





Crop aiid_l_\/I_arlgct Notes.





_ Michigan.

. Berrien 00., June 28.~Corn plant—

ing was very late on account of wet

weather, and many had to replant and





a poor prospect for a crop is the re--





sult. Timothy meadows are ver or‘

clover fair; pastures fair; oats logging

good. Wheat several points below

the April report, due to the Hessian

fly and rust. Early potatoes good'

late potatoes all planted and average

smaller than usual. Potato market is

demoralized, only 15@200 per bushel.





Wheat $1.35; corn 75c; ho s 5 '

ggttfr 22c; butter—fat 28c. foadésssiage

o . *





l((iienesee 00.,

co _and wet weather does not see

to hinder the growth of vegetatioll1

for With the exception of old seeding,

crops in this county are fully up td

the average. Wheat is spreading out

and is an excellent stand. Oats gen-

erally fine growth. Corn a little back-

ward. Sugar beets looking well and

the usual heavy acreage planted.

Many-new farm buildings going up

including houses, barns and silos. This

county has a fine system of good

roads, and more building.

New Jersey. ‘



Monmouth 00., June 26.-—Grain is

looking unusually well. Prospects for

an extra good crop of wheat, rye and

oats. Meadows looking good. About

the usual amount of corn planted.

Acreage of potatoes not So great.

Friut prospects are good; spraying all

done. Milk 4c per quart; butter 20@

30c per pound.



New York.



Genesee 60., June 28.——Wheat has

developed splendidly, but too cool and

dry for meadows and other crops. But

we have sufficient moisture at pres-

ent. The usual ,amount of corn,.and

perhaps more beans, and less pota-

toes have been‘ planted. Fruit pros-



tContinued on page 34);"





. A ~





 





June 25.—Continued ‘





 





 





\
I





 





 





 





JULY 10. 1915.





gmmnmmnmmnmmmmmmm '





III!





I





Grange.





STATE GRANGE OFFICERS.





Master—John C. Ketcham, Hastings.

1(liverseer—C. H. Bramble, Tecum-

se .

Lecturer—Dora H. Stockman, Lan-

sing. ‘

Secretary—Jennie Buell, Ann Arbor.

Treasurer—Frank Coward, Bronson.





llllllfllllllliilllllh





 





. NEWAYGO POMONA MEETING.





 





(Continued from last week).



Fremont Grange gave music and a

lot of fun, and good things were got-

ten out of “Summer Suggestions for

Facilitating Work in the Field and in

the House.” Brother Kimbell believ-

ed in being prepared, have everything

ready for your spring work. Sister

Phoebe Hall believed in systematic

housekeeping, have a place for every—

thing and keep it there. Pick things

up in your bedroom in the morning,

put your bed to air. Some of the sis-

ters did not believe in hewing so close

to the line, that if you got a chance to

go to Pomona, to go and let the cob

webs wave, sweep them down when

you get back, and think about all the

good things you heard while there,

while you are doing it. Don’t let sys-

tem and cleanliness hinder you from a

kindly act or stopping to look at the

beautiful things that God has provid-

ed for your enjoyment; stack the dish-

es and chase the birds, you will come

in and go at those dishes with keener

zest and renewed vigor. We believe

in system and cleanliness, but we

must not become slaves to it nor let it

overshadow the joys of living



James Caldwell ably handled the

“Cultivation and Care of Corn.” He

believed in having the ground right

and the very best seed to plant. Dif-

ferent viewpoints were taken. Some

believed in disking th ground.



Keats K. Vining, Superintendent of

Agriculture in the Fremont High

Schools, spoke on “Agriculture in Our

Schools.” He said the tide was turn-

ing farmward, that the boys were go-

ing back to the farms, girls were more

proficient in the work than the boys,

that it was a girl who won the high-

est score in the corn contest, that the

home grounds are going to be made

more beautiful, more interest is being

taken in gardening, and he told of the

plots of ground being set out to to-

matoes, which these boys will raise

for the canning factory.



Mr. Blandford was last but not least

on the program. He told of the many

fine things of which he was thinking

for the benefit of Newaygo county,

among some of which were a fair

at White Cloud, an apple show, and

he said he had noticed in his travels

up and down the county that the farm-

ers were keeping better horses and

stock, and that this encouraged him,

and he wanted a show of yearling

colts in Fremont next fall.



Dr. McNabb was called upon to

speak. He made a plea for the

swamps. He said we were destroy-

ing the beauty spots by digging canals

to drain them, and all we would have

in their place would be a sour, barren

waste. “Leave them alone, the swamps

have a mission to perform; leave them

alone.”



We talked until we were called

down stairs to partake of a sumptu-

ous dinner prepared by the Fremont

Grange women, and it was worth

while, so were all the meals they put

up. Fremont gave us a royal wel‘

come through its master, Carl Kim-

bell, and we felt it all the time. We

were delighted with everything we

saw and heard and tasted, and came

away With the feeling that even

though we did have to make an effort

and neglect something to go to that

meeting, that it was good to mingle

with such people and that we were

ahead , in" the long mn+yes, a thou-

sand fold.7-:Mr§. Wm, Rabertson.





 





 





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Address all communications relative

to the organization of new Clubs to

Mrs. J. S. Brown, Howell, Mich.





A PLEA FOR CO-OPERATION

THROUGH THE CLUB.



We are living in an age of big busi-

ness and the farmer’s is the biggest

of them all; and he is awakening to

the fact that, the sun of individualism

has set, and to be successful in these

days of concentration and organiza-

tion the farmer must multiply his pow-

er by uniting with his brothers, fol-

lowing the example set by “big busi-

ness." Agriculture is moving forward

and cooperation is necessary to reach

the goal of successful farming. Why

not make the Farmers' Club the

means of securing it?



Mus. J. S. Bnoww.

Secretary.





 





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





The regular June meeting of the

Howell Farmers’ Club was held at the

home of Mr. and Mrs. S. M. Yerkes.

At the conclusion of the opening ex-

ercises Mrs. Webster Childs read a

selection entitled, “Rural Parent

Teacher Associations, how the Coun-

try Schoolhouse may be Converted

into a Community Center." This read-





ing provoked quite a discussion and a

comparison of past methods with

those of the present. Mrs. Nina

Brown read a selection entitled, “What

Farmers' Wives \Vant.” This was a

comparison of conveniences as fur-

nished by the farmer for the farm

and the farm home and showed that

the major share was given to the

farmer and closed with the statement

that some remedy should be devised

that would secure for the country

woman the same conveniences that

her city sister enjoyed. In the discus-

sion of this topic the women were in-

clined to deal gently with those in au-

thority and thought the men were

really better at heart than surface con-

ditions would indicate and attributed

their apparent causes, such as lack of

funds and lack of knowledge of wom-

an’s work, etc. The question box con

tained nine questions. The president

then appointed the committees and

the Club adjourned to meet the first

Thursday in August at the home of

Mr. and Mrs. Webster Childs. The

August meeting is given over to the

young people as that is held during

vacation—Mrs. R. R. Smith, Cor. Sec.



A Good Evening Meeting.—Clover

Leaf Farmers’ Club held their mouth-

ly meeting at the home of J. I. Buz-

zard. the evening of June 22. We ex-

pected to have County Agent Cook

with us. also Mr. Brody. who was go-

ing to talk on water supply for farm

homes. but something prevented their

coming so an impromptu program was

given. Refreshments were served. con-

sisting of ice cream and cake, and the

remainder of the evening was snent in

games on the lawn and visiting,

About 70 were present and all appear-

ed to be having a very good time. Our

worthy president was with us once

more with words of appreciation for

kindnesses received during his recent

bereavement—Mrs. S. F. Fenner, Cor.

Sec.



Give Auto First Place—The Wells-

Dayton Farmers' Club met in June at

the home of Mr. and Mrs. Alfred

Walks at East Dayton. Although the

day was stormy there was a nice at—

tendance. There was roll call, with a.

response from the members. and the

first on the program was a discussion

On “which deserves the first place on

the up—to-date farm. the old family

horse or the automobile?” The ones-

tion was handled by four ladies, Mrs.

(1. Ross. Mrs. Marv Daily. Mrs. C.

Riley and Mrs. J. Worden. The ques

tion was ouite thoroughly discussed

and was finally put to a vote and the

old family horse will be dispensed

With. Mrs. Edgar Ross gave two reci-

mtions. Several were absent "vim

were on the program. The anestion

box brought out several discussions.

one being, “Will we have but one tel-

enhone?” It was decided there must

he competition in order to have good

service and the merchant must cater

to the farmer’s Wishes to a certain

extent. Mrs. Albert Hunter served a

fine supper to which all did justice.

Mr. and Mrs. C. Hunt will entertain

the ,Club in Julia—Mrs. S. _G. Ross.

Cor. 360.





Deep tilling plowin 15 incite:

deep. disc plow in





Friction clutch pulley for all Stationary

work.

plow and tractor is making money for

farmers all over the cauntry by cut-

ting down farm labor costs and a big

slice off of all feeding bills.

and a Steel King easily do as much as

two or three men and four to six horses.





 





 





17—37





   





For Power on

the Farm





In plowing will finial!

dead furrow and and-

land. back In comm

hotter than horses.

Then hitch It to any

lulplomontontho farm





$950





Plowing Gumbo Stubble in Il-

Com (etc with two linais. Note depth 0/ cut.

mol board plow





Do not be satisfied with less than Steel King

value-v—better value cannot be procured at any

price. Sold on approval with guarantee.





Send for Tractor Facts





Send {or complete Tractor information.

330w the Steel King before you buy Write

ay.





4/ Steel King Mom Plow Co.





 

   

   

 

 





   





aldomia.





This stamich, strong motor





One man





 





 





 





 





 





o , ‘ ‘~o ‘0





Same Make—Same Model

Both Used Three Years

Which Ls Yours?





You stand to lose hundreds of dollars when you come to re-sell

your car if you have not used the right lubricating oil.



Polarine, it it cost twice as much instead of the same as common oils,

would thus adual/y pay. It maintains the correct lubricating body at

every motor speed and temperature.





 





 





Uni/mil”! farill'lr'es and mmns cn~

able the Standard Oil Company‘s

experts to produce the utmnst in

quality at the lowest cost. An in-

crease ot more than 6,000,000gallons

m sown ymrs in the [Middle (Vest

alone testifies to the satisfaction re—

sulting from the use of Polarine.





STANDARD OIL COMPANY (Indiana), CHICAGO, U. S. A.

Use RED CROWN Gasoline—Car and Money Go Farther





 





FRICTION REDUCING MOTOD OIL





 





 





Get These Big Profits





Now men everywhere are making big money with the

famous Sandwxch Hay Press. (Motor Power). $10-

$15—$20 3 day clear profit is common. I”

Pay

“a- M .

era IOl’l. a csxtsown ower

troy: simple.stur&y San - “flax

WIC gas engine ,



6 or 8 H. P.) «or





agree [39





 





 





 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 





 





in a short. time from





s for Itself the profits. SOIldoney a





construction—certain sure op-





 

 

   

 





' envy 6

Fri amp”: h

c on c utc right

on Press. Simply swallows

languid turns out so Id. salable

drop bole-E: impletiiell feedtoor nndw block

1-. ngme w: magn .

Horse andplgelc Power Presses to: Writ:- figs]:





 

 

 

 

 





 





SANDWICH I“. COI'514 M SI. snd'id. Grout lor ‘





.

SIO- M' M3. ll.—I- 5M. [onus City, MI. Balm: 2 1.2 b 3 "a ‘-





Tooo For Hour





   





 





 





 





 





BOYS WATCH.





Every boy, young or old, would be proud to carry

one of these watches. It is 16 size, with a nickel

case. Stem set and wind. Regular watch movement

with hair spring. Guaranteed by the makers and

repaired free of charge for one year, if given ordi-

nary care. Any boy who really wants a watch can

easily earn one in one afternoon. . ,



The watchIalone free for sending three subscrip-

tions to the Michigan Farmer.
38—18





 





THE MICHIeA





N FARMER





JULY 10, 1915. '





 





CHICKEN, MITES.





Prof. A. H. Hunter states that the

chicken mite, may be styled “the wolves

of the insect parasites of fowls.” in-

stead of feeding upon the body excretions,

feathers, etc., of the fowl, as do the lice,

the food of mites is blood. It is only

when engorged with blood that they are red.

Their natural color is a light gray. . The mites

hide in crevices and under objects in the hen-

house during the daytime, while the chickens are

outside, and lie in wait for their return. They are

worse than lice and for this reason one should

do everything in their power to destroy them.

They remain upon the fowl only long

enough to secure a meal.



The poultry raiser well knows how unpleasant

itis to become covered with mites when entering

a. house to spray any liquid preparation, to

say nothing about the hard work. This is no

longer necessary as there is an effective and pos-

itive way of killing these mites by fumigation

which is play, and not work. These fumigators

are sheets of paper, six by eighteen inches, sat-

urated with material that is volatilized when

slowly burned. Two fumigators will fumigatea

ten by twelve foot henhouse. They are put up in

packages of two fumigators for twenty-five cents.

five for fifty cents. and twelve for one dollar. and

are manufactured and guaranteed by . .

Thompson & Company, 527 Trombley Avenue,

I)3troit idich.





3 IN BELGIAN HARES. Start raisin! Belgian hares for mar-



ket and breeding purpose. Big demand. We teach you.

supply stock. and buy all you raise. Write now for particulars.

Belgian Hare Distributing Co.. Box 512, River Rouge, Mich.





 





POULTRY.





BARRED PLY. ROCKS





First prize winners at Chicago, Cincinnati,

Indian apolis, etc.

Eggs from fine Utility Matings that are bred‘tolay.

$1.50 per 15. $4 per 50, $7 per 100. From best exhibition

ens $10 per 15. $25 or 50. Prompt delivery and good

Batch guaranteed. . Earl Hoover, R.7. Matthews.ind.





 





 





Hens $1.50 each. eggs with the kick in

“Well “00k them 15 for 51.25, 100 $6. baby chicks. 100

515. W. O. OUB‘EMAN, it. No. 6, Benton Harbor.Mich.





~ ——St t ' ht 'th B d‘

Barred flock Eggs witifegég frolirla pggudrirecirl‘for:





Bradley Bros. Yards. A. A. l’aitullo, Deckerville. Mich





ARRED ROCKS. Parks ZOO-Egg strain. A strain

B with Egg records to 271 eggs 3. year. 51.50 per 15.

Delivered by Parcel Post. Fred Astliiig, Constsiitine.Mich.





ARRED Rock ages from Barred Books that are

B barred to the skin. also eggs from S. H.11amburgs,

R. C. White Leghoriis. White Runner Ducks. White Hollniid

Turkeys. Circular free. Riverview Farm, R. 8, Vassar. Mich.





3 t of 4 firsts Chicago. 1914. Eggs bal. of

Bu" RoCks! Bergen 31.5045: 56400. S. (I. But? Leg-





horn eggs 81-15; $5400. Pen 0f12 Buff Leghorns $10. 20 Buff ’





Rock Hens, 75 cents to $2.50. including Chicago and Minne-

apolis first prize winners. Bird Lawn Farm. Lawrence, Mich.





Half Price from Now On





Eggs from some of the best Barred and White Rocks

in Michigan. 31.50 ,per 1:3. Heavy laying strains.

Riverview Poultry Farm. Box 798. Union. City. Mich.





ATP. SEASON PRICES on R. C. and S. C. Rhode Island Red

eggs from fine stock. $1 per 1.5. delivered at your‘door by

insured parcel post. JENNIE BUELL, Ann Arbor. Michigan.





" ADE IN AMERICA" 8. O. W. Leghorns only—



large. reat layers. pure white. Strong day~old

chicks now per . Guaranteed delivery. Hatch

every week. Everfresh Egg Farm. Box I“. Ionia.Mich.





' ' ' —bargains in stock—-

Pine OrcsiIIhIic Orpingions 9...... “Hyman“...

June. Belgian hares and Collie puppies. its.

WILLIS HOUGH. Pine Crest Farm. Royal Oak,Mich.





INGLET BAHRED ROCKS—the winning and



laying strain. Eggs $1.60 per 15,. from mated

pens also M. B. ’l‘urkeav eggs frolin (3118106 birds. $2.50



10. 0| 9 re ai by parce pos .

irAlNVlllanSs 0 K FARM. Romeo. Michigan





 





RHODE ISLAND REDS and PLYMOU TH ROCKS.

Mules 5 to 12 lbs. according to age $2 to $5;P. R. hens

weight 5 to 9% lbs. eggs 15 for $ .00: P. R. eggs $5 per 100.

Mammoth Bronze 'I‘om Turkeys, 8 to 38 lbs. according

to age 88 to $25. 10 eggs $3. A. E. Cramp ton. Vassar. Mich





RosE COMB BROWN LEGHORN EGGS from

Mad. Sq. winners. $1.00 per setting,



$5.00 per 100. M. Pekin ducks $1.00 per setting.

CLAUDIA BETTS, Hillsdale, Michigan.





' breeding cockerels and year-

8- c- While ”31'0""; ling hens for sale. Also

young white Pekin breeding ducks and drakes. W'rite

for prices. Sunnyhrook Poultry Farm, it. 3. Hillsdzile. Mich.





 





 





ILVER Laced Golden and White Wynndotte Eggs for hatch-

ing. Tcn cents rich or 30 for $2.50. I swarm] post

charges. C. W. BROWNING, Portion . lChi‘Bn.





While Loghorns Day-Old-Bhicks. miggggggrgpg;

faction to all our customers. MAPLE CITY

POULTRY PLANT. Box C. Charlotte. Michigan,





. ~50-r 15.34.001' 100.M t'

While Wyandolie E25238 besLt 35:18) $2.00 :25 15. 33.7% 11:)?

30. DAVID HAY, Forest Ave., Ypsilanti. Mich.





WHITE WIlNDOIIE EGGS HALF PRICE HOW





HOWARD GRANT. Marshall. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





HITTAKER‘S Red Chicks. both combs. $10 and

$12 per 100. Hen $12 per doz, The most popular

Reds in Michigan. liitcrlakes Farm, Box 39. Lawrence. Mich.





 





hite P. Rocks. Pekin and white runner ducks.

White guineas. eggs and day old ducks and chicks.

H. V. HOSTETLER. St. Johns. Michigan.





 





Hl’l‘E Orpiiigton Cockerels. S. C. Kellerstmss 8—wk. 4 or

more 750 each. single $1. 8»wks. pens cheap. Yearling

hens iind ckls. Eggs 9-5 price. M. 16. Thompson, Redford, Miwh,





 





 





DOG .





-—





' ' —30 F ( d 0 d

Iramodflunmng Fox Hounds MS? t’tmé’f“ hfigfld

stamp. W. E. LECKY. Holmesville. Ohio.





FOX, COON AND RABBIT HOUNDS





Broke to gun and field. Prices right. Fox and

Coon hound pups $3 each. Stamp for reply.

. .. LYTLE. Fredericksburg. Ohio.





fulfills WANTED





to represent a reliable. concern can-

vassing among farmers in your own

neighborhood or elsewhere. No expe-

rience necessary. Liberal pay, and

supplies furnished free to right part-

ies. Reference required. Address,





ADVEIIIISEII. BABE IIIE llfiiillilll FIBMEII,

Detroit, Michigan .





 





 





llIlllllllll[llllllllllllllllllllllllll.|IllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllli1|llllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllL—E”





s Poultry. 2

hlflllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllll||HIIIIlIHIIHIII|||llll|llllll|ll1H1|llIIIHIIHHHllllllllllllllllllllzl’iFE

GRASS RANGE FOR HENS.





 





I have kept hens in close pens with

very good success, but there is no

doubt in my mind that the free range

of enough grass to prevent their de-

stroying it will give much better re-

sults. It does not take so great a

range, but some is almost a necessity

for the best results.





One year I had a flock on a small

lot that was seeded to blue grass. I

had no doubt that they would destroy

it in short order, but I soon saw that

the blue grass had the best of the con-

test. Long before the summer was

half over they had given up fully half

the lot and was trying to keep down

the grass on the remainder. Like all

animals that feed on grass they like

‘the young tender growths, and they

will eat them in preference to the old-

er growths.‘ While this is so, they

will not eat it close enough to destroy

it if there is plenty of room to supply

them without. As near as I could

judge, it would take about 40 square

feet to the hen. Of course, the season

will have a good [deal to do with the

amount of space they will be able to

keep the grass eaten down on, for the

grass will grow much faster during

some seasons than others. The sea-

son I had tried them on the pasture

mentioned was a fairly good one and

it might be necessary to make a little

allowance for that, but I believe I have

taken that into account.





Amount of Range Necessary.



At this rate a lot a hundred feet

square would pasture a flock of 25’.)

hens. This must not be taken to in-

clude the space occupied by the hen-

house or the shade or places they dust

themselves. This space should be de-

voted to grass alone. If there .are

trees to shade it there should be an

allowance of space to balance the ef-

fect they will have on the growth of

the grass.



If you have no pasture for the hens,

divide the lot into two parts and sow

one to wheat, cats, or some grain, and

let it get a good start, then turn the

hens in on it and sow the other lot.

I think oats will be the quickest grow-

ing grain for the summer, but in the

fall sow them to wheat, and be sure

you do not leave the hens in either

until they have destroyed the wheat,

but change often. If you sow wheat

in the spring you can sow some blue

grass and white clover with it, so that

when the wheat is gone they will be

ready to take its place. By supple.

menting this with some sprouted oats

during the summer you can get a.

heavy enough growth to keep over

winter pretty well. Blue grass is

green almost all winter; my hens

have been feeding on it all winter this

year. Last winter, for a period, it was

killed down so much they could get

none, but it has never been killed this

year.



Keep Hens Contented.

Besides the benefit the hens get

from it. for food, the pasture keeps

them contented, and that is a great

factor in getting results. A discon-

tented flock is not a paying flock.

When all nature is freshenng up in

the spring the hens want to get to the

fresh green food, too, and if they can-

not it will cause them to fret, and

they take revenge on the egg basket.

I have kept hens penned and fed

them all the mash with alfalfa meal

and meat meal they would eat, and

yet the hens that were restricted but

had sufficient blue grass pasture have

produced the most eggs and the

strongest chicks.



I do not like the free range where

they are allowed to range all over

creation. Rather, I would choose to

call it a hen pasture. If I were to

choose between the free range and a

small lot I would choose the lot. It is





 





not entirely because I think they

would do better, though I believe they

would do almost if not fully as well,

but the inconvenience counts much

with me. I want to know where the

eggs are likely to be laid. I want to

know where the hens are and whether

they are destroying things they should

let alone. L. H. COBB.





 





CHICKENS AND MILK.





According to tests and observations

of specialists of the Storrs Agricul-

tural Experiment Station, the feeding

of milk to young chicks has a most

favorable influence on the growth and

on the lessening of mortality of the

chicks. It tends to prevent mortality

from all causes, and if fed soon

enough and for a sufficienlty long pe‘

riod, greatly reduces the death-rate

caused by bacillary white diarrhea.



Sweet and sour milk are apparently

of equal value in their relation to

growth and mortality. Furthermore,

different degrees of souring do not al-

ter the results of milk feeding. The

value of milk as a food for chicks

does not depend upon any acids that

may be present, nor upon any partic-

ular types of micro-organisms; but

upon one or more of the natural con-

stituents of the milk.



When milk is supplied freely to

chicks, it becomes all the more im-

portant that they have abundant ex-

ercise. This applies more particularly

to early hatched chicks that are

brooded wholly or for the most part

indoors. The feeding of sweet or sour

milk has in no instance been found to

be. in any way injurious to the chicks

employed in the numerous experi—

ments made by the Storrs Station. If

the milk is clean, and not too old,

none but the most favorable results

should accompany its use as a food

for chicks. There is no preference in

the choice of sweet or of sour milk,

except from the standpoint of conven-

ience. The use of the one or the oth-

er should be determined by the cir-

cumstances. However, it seems very

desirable that the same kind of milk

be supplied throughout the milk feed-

ing period. If the choice is that of

sour milk, sour milk should be fed to

the end.





FEATHERLESS CHICKS.





 





What is the reason for chickens not

having any feathers? I have two

chickens which were hatched two

months ago, that are as, bare as

though they had been picked. G. W. S.





The probable cause of your chick-





ens not feathering out is that they are

not strong, or rather have not vitality

enough to form feathers as fast as

It may be that you are





they should.





 





 





BREAKING UP THE ssooov HEN.





The best method I have found for

breaking up the broody hen is to sent-

ence her to a short sojourn in the

“jail.” This is nothing more or less

than a. crate-like coop, suspended from

a rafter in the hen house or the limb

of a tree outside. As the broody birds

give the most trouble in late spring





and early summer, the outside loca— ,





tion is most used. The jail is so hung

that the least motion of the incarcer~

ated bird will cause it to tip slightly.

This tends to discourage the sitting

posture. Suspended above the ground,

the hen gets the benefit of plenty of

fresh air. In this position the sitter

can see what is going on around, and

her attention is diverted, so the ma-

ternal idea is more quickly forgotten.

Feed plenty of good egg~making food.

Hens rapidly lose their good condition

when they become broody. Force the

bird to keep up- to the laying condi-

tion. If treatment is commenced at

once, she will seldom need to be kept

in confinement more than a day or

two. Cruel treatment with the set—

ters are utterly useless. The only way

to break up the desire without hurt-

ing the bird, is by confinement, and

the “jail” is the best for this purpose.

Profit from the layers depends on get-

ting them back in the: harness with

little delay.





New Hamp. C. H. CHESLEY.





 





WHITE DIARRHEA.





What is the tr '



chickens? Theyohlgili: gldliarnrhez9ung

SUBSCRIBER.



The cause of the death of your

chickens is white diarrhea, a very

common cause of death among chicks.

This is a bacterial disease and is con-

sidered quite contagious. It is some-

times transmitted through the eggs

from infected fowls which had the dis—

ease when they were chicks but recov-

ered, or it may be taken by healthy

chicks by picking at the droppings

the first day or two of their life. If

the chicks are hatched by incubator,

it is advisable tovkeep the nursery

part dark so as to keep the chicks

from picking around. This disease is

not thoroughly understood by our

poultry experts and to date they have

not found any real satisfactory rem-

edy. It has been found, however, that

the feeding of sour milk during the

first few days after the chicks have

been hatched has had a very bene-

ficial effect. There are also commer-





cial remedies some of which are ad-





vertised in our columns, whichare

giving very good results.





We would suggest that you‘thoré





 





 





 





not feeding them correctly by giving

them too much starchy food and not

enough containing protein.



If you are feeding considerable corn

meal, I would replace a large amount

of this with cracked wheat, and also

have at hand a dish of bran so that

the chicks may pick at it when they

wish. Sour milk will also be very

beneficial. The chicks should also

have access to plenty of green food,

and great care should be taken to see

“that all their food andwater'isclean.





Feeding the Young Turkeys.





oughly disinfect any incubators or

brooders in which chicks have died of

this disease, and also if indications

lead you to believe that the infection

is through the egg, to endeavor to- find

the cause of the trouble in your ma-

ture flock.





 





A uniform product looks better and

will bring a better price than one that

is not uniform. Pure-bred poultry will

produce a uniform product both in the

egg: and the surplus stock. '





~ ’. , .7-,>.
JULY 19, 1915..





Barrens nmrcronr.‘

CATTLE.





ABERDEEN-ANgUS





HERD ESTABLISHED IN 1 .

TROJAN-E AIUAS and BLACKBIRDS only. . A

few young bulls aiid cows ffrssralgl Alifeligrgeders of



h . H ney an a e o .

PWLSWCIOTFTOSTOCK FARM. lonla. Mich.





Aberdeen-Angus Bulls.

We are offering 12 extra good bulls. omen: them

prize-winners at the Michigan Btete Fair. 191 . Some

of them by Black Monarch 3rd. Grand 0 ampion

Bull of the State 1214. Others by the G

Blackbird. sire of prise-w inners. f

months old. Prices from to each. Come

and look them over; tiles will please you. U. L. Clark.

Hunters ()r‘eek. Mich. idney Smith. Msnsger.





‘YRSHIREs—One of the foremost dairy breeds The



most soggcml'cnl [Lilli rodfioers. ICalves

for sale. White crn coo ere s: uroc_ ersey

swine. Michigan School for the Deaf. Flint. Michignn.





, THE VILLAGE FARM,

Grass Lake, Michigan,

GUERNSEY CATTLE.





 





MILO D. CAMPBELL CHAS. .l. ANG EVINE





BEACH FARM

GUERNSEYS





Combine the blood of the following great producing

sins and dams :—





Masher Sequel - - - 67 A. g. Daughters





Galaxy's Sequel - - 37 A. .

Glenwood Boy of Esddon 26 A. R. 3

Mary Rose King - - - .



Dsirymald of inehunt - - 910 lbs. fat

Dolly Bloom - - ~ - - 8’36 :1 ..

Imp. Itchen Dnisy - - - - 714



Selma. of Plnohurst - - - 76? ” “

Stanford‘s Prince - 72:; “ “





I. . .

Bulls for sale only.





A Dairy Show Every Day.

CAMPBELL 8:. ANGEVIllE, Goldwater, Mich.





irehred Guernseys. 2-ycnrvold bull from A. ll "achrood

P individual. not registered. 1200“» linef prion. Also regio-

iercd females and bred heifers. U. A. Wigent, r. uterv.iet,Mich





 





 





EGISTERED GUERNSEY BULL CALVI‘IS for sale cheap at

R Wimlcrmero Farm. \Vntervliet. Mich. May Rose brooding.

Address. J. K. BLA'T‘UHPCRI), Auditorium Tower. Chicago. Ill.





For Salt—lb . Guernsey Catlin Wigxifiifiigg

JOHN I LS. R. 1.. W. W





 





GU E R N 8 BY 4.3mm“.

BULL CALVES



Containing blood of world champions.

HICKS‘ GUERNSEY FARM. Saginaw, W, 8.. Mich.





 





UERNSEYS—Write for prices and particulars. 2

bullsl yearolrl. b’everul bull calves, all from A.

cows and cows on test. Geo. N.Urnwl’ord. Bolton. Mich.





‘1 UERNSEY BULLS FOR \‘AIIIG'. ready for service from A. R.

I Dims. If you want the rlght kind wriio for price and

breadth; BYERS lir BARNES BIlOS.. Goldwater, Michigan





 





OR SALE—Six high-grade 4-yesr~old Guernsey

cows and. four heifers comi two years old. Price

reasonable. A. J. BROSSEA , Albion. Michigan





H EREF 0 RD: 33?.‘3My‘efif'3fsm





ALLEN BROS. Paw Paw. Michigan.





Do You Want A Bull?





Ready For Servrce.



From a grand daughter of The King of the

Pontiacs. Sired by a. bull that is more than .1 half

brother to the Champion Holstein Cow of the

World. and whose dam is n30 lb. 6% 1» fat dau hter

of Pontiac Aggie Korndyhewho has more ‘ lb.

daughters than any other livmg bull. If you do

write for pedigree.





EDWIN S. LEWIS, Marshall, Mich.





ESPANORE FARM,

LANSING, MICHIGAN.

Home nf the great Holstein Bull “PLEDGE SPOF-

FGRDCALAMITY PAU I." with 33 A. R.(). daughters.

including a 5-year-old with a 35-pound record. 0the

from 20 to 32 pounds. .





Fill SilE—I lull tall sired by llris final Bill.





CHASE s. ossmm.

ADAM E. FERGUSON, i 0Wners,





HATCH HERD





YPSILAITI, MICHIGAN



Registerei Holstein-Frieson sires. rsndson's of

World's greatest dairy sire. out ol'c nice A. R. 0.

dams and King Pontiac Jewel Korndyhe; Brother of

K. 9. Pontiac Lass 44.15: average record 0T'50 (isms in

his pedigree 31.2.5 in 7 do an average per cent of fat

three nearest dams 4.37: of is own dam 4.93. Sires in

first three generations already have over 600 A. R. U

daughters. A few females bred to "King". Prices

reasonable.





I 4-YEllll-0LII BULL





by s Ell-lb. son of Pontiac Imdyke. and out of 27-lb.

den. 2 two-yeor-old 3nd “in. yearling bulls, The

above bull. have breeding Ind individuality to

spare. Aloe a few richly bred bull calves. These

will be priced right. Thie in I. chance to get a

valuable ball for little money. Get busy. as this ad.

will appear but twice.





L. E. CONNELL. Fayette, Ohio.





The Two Greatest Bulls





KING OF TIIE PONTIACS

DE Kill. Zd’s BUTTER Bill-





Ihav young bulls from cows having hi I: oficiel

reoor





and Granddaughters of above bul s. Stock

extra 200d. Prices reasonable. .

BIGEMIW S' ‘IIOLSTEIN FARMS.

n ‘BREEDSVILLE. MICE. ‘ '





y .

.., ,.





 





 





 





 





 





 





3rd





a





TH E. MICHIGAN FARMER.





 





JULY 28

Brookwaler Farm,





50 Head, including Bred Saws and Gills.





I HUIFORII’S IIIIIIOG SALE 'I JULY 28





Ann Arbor, Mich.





Herd





Bears and Spring ”go





This offering is fully up to the high standard established in our former sales.





The offering is bred to or sired

Fair.

afford to miss it.





JULY 28 I





by prizeiwinning boars at the Michigan State

This will be an unusual opportunity to buy choice Duroce. You cannot

Send for our catalog and plan to spend July 28 profitably at





BROOKWATER FARM,





R. F. D. 7, ANN ARBOR. MICHIGAN





 





I JULY 28





 





FOR SALE. A.Il.0. IIOI.STEIN COW '





AND TWO CALVES





5.yeer—old cow. 16.24 as a junior 4 years old. Tested

lest June. Her heifer ('35le mo. old about 56 white.

also bull calf M white. King Segis breeding on both

sides—a. good large straight fellow. not akin to above

females. Both calves sucking above cow and are .

notches. Wish to sell all together. Price $360 wit

all papers I broke my arm and cannot milk.

LEWIS J. BENJAMIN. R. No. l. Clio. Michigan.





EGISTERED Helsteins~flord headed by Albina Bonte Butter

R Boy. His dam has LEO. records as followr st 2 yrs. milk

430. butter ӣ83; 4 yrs. milk 60(8. butler 21.06; at otyrs. rnrll

620. butter 28.5.) lbs W. B. HEADER. Bowel , Mich.





OH. SALE—Beg. Guernsey Bull 6 years old. sure

F and a good stock setter. eolrsrr Furnwnol breed-

ing. JAY D. RU»SELL. R. l. Gobleviile. Mich.





$100 Gets 5 mo. )6 white grandson of Friend Hengervcid

De Tie! a Maplecresi Pontiac i'lors listing. 31) lbs. boiler

7 days. 1232 lbs. in Iyr. M. L. McLAULIN. Redford, Mich.





FOR SAL —REGISTERED HOLS’I‘EIN BULL

born Feb. 28. . Mostly white. Dam



has A. R. i). reeor'. also Ch'ster White Pigy.



CHARLES I. COOK. Box 438. Fowlerville. Michigan.





REG. HOLSTEIN BULL CALVES





A. It. 0. lreeding. and plenty of 30-“). blood In

ffigil- pedigrwh Dewey C. Pierson, Hadley, Mich.





I TIRED HOLSTEIN BULL. 6 months old. 2

Beggarsest dams average 5 lbs. of butter in 7 days. £50

brings him to you with alllfps§flm cafe arrival guar-

anteed. HOBART W. A . Mason. Michigan.





High Class HOLSTEINS h’gia





is healed by Smithdnlo Aicsrtra Pontiac. whose dam

is the famous Munro Poiksdot. Hove few your: bulls

and females for sale at reasonable prices. W ll buy

5 few heifers about 15 months. not bred. Farm )6 mile

from court house. SETH B. BUBERT. Howell. Mich.





 





APLEOREST De Kol Hengerveld. an own brother

to a World's Champion bends our hard. Clinics

Bull Calves for sale, or will exchange for registered heifers or





cows. HILLCREST FARM. Kalamazoo. Mich.





FOIL SALE Registered Holstein Bulls





ready for service. and bull calves. also females.

FREEMAN J. FISHBECK. Howell. Michigan.





llOlSTElll lllll MIXES‘3‘?“132’L‘Lie‘i‘ltilésr‘e‘iELITE





Michigan Long Bosch Farm. Auguste. Ksismszon Co..!liich.





 





 





fami-





Holstein-Fneslan Breeder—fig: “Wife med

represented. D. D. AITKEN. Flint. Michigan.

ULSTER CATTLE end Duroo Jersey Swine.





Choice pin of both sex now ready to ship. Prices

reasonable. E. R. CORNELL. Howell. Michigan.





$40.00 DELIVE R ED





Handsome Holstein bull calf. half block. Registered

and all papers. A. R. 0. Sire and Dam.

ROUGL'MONT FARMS. Detroit. Michigan.





MIBHIGII HOME III) Tllillllli SCHOOL





LAPEER. MICHIGAN

Breeder of High Grade Holstein (Tattle.

prices upon implication.





IIOLSTEIN CATTLE and 0.1. C. SWINE





ELMER E. SMITH. Redford. Michlgnn.





NIXON FARMS





Brooklyn, Mich.





Have Some Registered Jerseys For Sale.





 





Lists and





 





 





 





sple Lane llegisterof Merit Jersey

oulin tested by over-uncut.

enlves and heifer calves from it of

grand dams and Hood 19mm Sire.

iner sex. Allegau. Michigan.





Bord. Tuber-

Il'or sale bull

. dams and





Shorihorn Callie oi boil: Sex for Sale





W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.





 





-—Dniry or beef bred. Breeding stock all

Shudhorns ages for sale at farmers prices. (7. W. Crum.

Socy. Cint. Mich. Shorthorn Breeders‘ Assn. McBride. liiiuh.





' i of best Bates Strains. Young

on", Bred sililfil'lol'ns bulls 7 months old for sale.

Price $100 each. J. B. HUMMEL. Mason, Mich.

$60 Buys choice breed BROWN SWISS



BULL CALI?“ six months old.

W. B. COLLTNS. Gregory. Michigan.





 





 





H005.





 





' ' —Grnnd bunch of Gilts



moss &, mmnas duesmh and rpm.

Comprising the blood



of Buperba. Defender. Much 00L. Urions and others.

Afew young bears. M. ’1‘. STORY. Lowell. Mich.





 





sEmiliiISTIiIiEil BERKSHIRE SOWS $.53“?





each. B. B. REAVEY, Akron. Michigan.





 





OR SALE~Borhshire hogs. both sexes and different pm.

Broil gills for full furrowingr l’ull Angus Bull Golf. not reg-

istered. l’rice right. Chase's Mock Form. B. I, eriofio. lich.





Royallon Brod Berkshires—13.2% vagueness





weeks with registry papers. Write lor pedigree and

prices. . l'. VALENTINE. Supt. Temperance. Mich.





 





 





AMPBHIBE Bwine——Breedingwstook of all ages

from most po uinr strains. rite for breedin .

Inspection invi . Floyd Myers. R. 9. Decatur. In .





 





smpshire Swine. the kind that wears the belt.

Spring pigs and two seriiceahlu ixmrs. Prices

8. C. MUKT. Elsie. Mich.





right. Papers furnished.





 





WEST WINDS HAMPSHIRE SWINE. Booking orders

for sow pigs immwlizito shipment. No males to offer

I). P. Hammond. own r, N. A. Wiser. manager. Pontiac. Mich





' ~Oilts bred for Aug. and Be

“Stet we, furrow. March pl s. either as?

F. W. ALEXANDER. Vassar. ichigan.





Big Type, MM and Chester While Swine.





400 fall pigs either sex. oisl prices for the next

in days. also bred grits an service mule-l and we are

booking orders for spring pig . all our stock is good

enough that I will ship C. i) D. and reg. free in the

0. I. C. or Chester White Asso. We won. more prizci

than all other breeders ut together. at Ill.. and

Wis. State Furs. Write or Show record.





ROLLING VIEW STOCK FARM

Cass City, ‘ - Michigan.





0. I. C. PIGS Eifi‘lifihpzfi‘éa‘dfiidi‘iii’g

JOHN BEBNER dz SON. ii. 4. Grand Ledge. Mich.

REGISTERED

JEWETT’S BLUE RIBBON 0. I. (L’s





Growthy type. Photos. J. Carl Jewett. Mason. Mich.





 





 





 





O I CO -Sews bred to furrow last of June

0 e S and July. Prices reasonable.

G. P. ANDREWS. Densvllie. Michigan.





 





o I c ——Gilts bred for Aug. and Sept. farrow.

I I I Will take orders for March and April

H. W. MANN. Dausville. Michigan.





pigs.

0 I C! —Bpring pigs. pairs and tries. not

0 0 skin, from state fair winners.





AVONDALE STOCK FARM. Wayne. Mich.





0. I. (L’s STRICTLY BIG TYPE





Gilts bred for Sept. furrow and March pigs now ready

to ship. Extra g ones at prices that will move

them. Pairs not skin. I Will bepleased to ship them

U. C. D. and record them free in purchaser's name.





NEWMAN'S STOCK FARM R. No. l. Mariette. Mich.





 





 





 





THE WILDWOOD JERSEY HERD





Registered Jersey Cattle of Quality. Tuberculin

tested. Imaty's Wonder lo. @717 the e .

Bull calves for sale. also a two-year-old bull that is

right. For prices and description write or come.

A VIN BALDEN. Oepnc. St. Olnir 00.. Michigan.





 





rm. Farmstead Jersey Cattle. Bnll calves from Ii.

J of M. Cows. also heifer calves and several bred

heifers for sale. Colon C. Lillie. Coopersvllle, Mich'





 





erreys. Bulls ready for service. extra unlity sired

r by .lucoha's Pair Emanon, No. 10711 from hi 'h

producing dams. 8 Im a PARKER. HoweIlJflc .





JERSEYS—THE REGISTER OF MERIT lllllll.

BROCKWATER FARM. R. No. 7. Ann Arbor. Mich.

Jersey Bulls for Sale €$dnhifiiléiiéfitlfiiafifliél

soni—ofloial test. 0. B. We nor. ii. 6. Allegnn. Mich





FISHERTON FARM JERSEY 45,330.52:





I‘

Hood Farm chis’ 9th.. from Register of filerit dnms.

yrsmu’l‘ufl D‘Allnl. Poncho. Michigan.





 





BIDWELL SHORTHORNS





For “Beef and Milk"





Watered Hulls. Cows

and he! fen Scotchtop-

pod mans. reds and

white for sale. l‘srm

st L. R. d M. 9. Depot.

also D. T. & I. R'y.





EMPIRE

Box 8. Tecumseh. Mich





   

   





Albion Stamp 352670





Shorllmrn: For Sale, 2:13.33 “2:: ”A?” {if 33“}?

W. B. McQUILLAN. Chilson. Liv. Co.. Michigan.





"MING Sllfllllllflllll TSfii‘St‘ll'i (slutty;





 





sale. DAVIDSON o HALL. Tecumseh. Michigan.

.' , ' I ' » . r I i , l . l . . ’





 





 





—Are you on the



O. I. C. SWINE a”... ,0, a



choice bred sow to (arrow the last of Aug. or fore



part of Sent " if you are. write me. I have them.

A. J. GORDMN. R No. 2 Dorr, Michigan.





 





o | c, —-’I‘wo good hours 12 months old. good

I s . last fall p' either sex. and this

spring hours. )6 mile west 0 depot.



OTTO B. SCHULZE. nshville. Mlchitan,





 





30W WEIGI'IED 932 LBS.

A 23 MONTHS 0 D





‘ resinous;





I have started more breeders on the road to suc~ ,

cess than any man living. I have theiergest and flu- ,

est herd In the U. 8. Every one an early developer. '

ready for the mar at six months old. I want to

film one hog in each community to advertise my ‘



erd.Writo for my plsn."fiowto Make Money from __

Hop." 0. 8. I!I.MMII.I.I¢. I 0 Peril-mi. Mich. '





1'2.





 





 





 





MY OH MY!





_What an Opportunity.





Starting May lst. we are going to give to the farm.

are and breeders an opportunity to get started right

In the breeding industry. We are going to ive you

achance to get hold of foundation stock t at will

give you a nucleus for one of the finest and best

herds in your community. We are going to show you

as we have others. that you will have greater





mccess wlth our bi type

POLA‘ND CHINAS





than with any other breed. We want to Iaee'at

least. one'pi . or a pair in every community. adver.

tise our her . If lnterested. write for our plan and

prices. HILLCREST FARM. Kalamazoo. Mich.





 





~March pigs either sex. sired by a. son

Duroc JET”! of Volunteer Champion of 3 State if “in

and Chicago Show, in 1912.





DUROC JERSEYS—$313.31





either sex. from choice strains. B.C.S’l‘AHLMA .

CHERRY LAWN FARM. bhepherd. Michigan.





E. H. Morris, Monroe. licli.





 





OLD POLANDS no fur south as Miss, north and

west no for as Weshlngton. Every customer 8EtiS-~

fled. I can satisfy you. Breeding stock for sale at

all times. FRANK KliUGEH. Havennn. Michigan.





 





POLAND CHINA Spring Pigs from hesv'y honed

roliflcstook. Bows bred for Summer and all pus





at 0 one prices. ROBERT NEVB. Pierson, Michigan.





 





BIO TYPE P. ~Head boar. Hoosier Giant. also pigs

sired by him. a few bred sows. 1 young bosr by Big

Smooth Jumbo. Mrs. J. E. Bruithwuite, Brant. Mich.





 





Poland Chi as. either sex. all ages. Something good

at a. low price. Bargains in hours ready for ser-

vice. P. i). ONG. ll. 1". D. 8. Grand Rapids. Mich.





POLAND CHINAS of the big type. Boers

ready for service. Sows bred



for spring furrow. A. A, Wood dz Son. Saline. Mich.

[AHGE TYPE P 0 -—Either sex. pairs and tries. not

0 ' akin. Am booking orders for



bred gilts. W. J. HAGELSHAW. Auguste. Mich.

' ' Full gilts bred weigh-

Blg Ballad Paland Chinas- ing from 260 (@300 lbs:

ROBERT MARTIN. R. l“. D. No. 7. Hastings. Mich.

' ready for service and sows with



large Strain Ml. Bears 9.... H. mm... .0... .0.

fall fer-row of the best breeding, in be had at bargain prices





for the next 30 (luys. must have lhe room for others,

H. O. SWAR'I Z, Schoolcrnft. Michigan,





 





 





 





 





 





' —Arn hooking orders for male pigs

P0land China to be ship I at weaning time.

G. W. BOLTON. R. No.11. nlnmaZOO. Michigan.





BIG TYPE POLAND CHINAS.





We won more prizes in 1913 and 1914 than any other

Poland breeder in Michigan. Fall stock for sale.

BEAN CREEK FARM. Addison. Michigan





FALL PIGS AT HALF PRICE





Bred from the largest strain of Poland Chinas on

earth. none big or. If you ever expect to own a reg-

Istered Poland hina. this is your opportunity. Gti‘;

busy and order at once. Pairs and tries not akin $15

each. J. O. BUTLER. Portland. Mich. Bell Phone.





 





 





 





TG 'I‘ype boars by Big Smooth Jumbo. Greatest

boar in State. 748 lbs at 1’7 mo. These boars are

long. tall. big bone sold at formers prices. shipped

0.3 " Call or write. Wm Wollle. ColdWailer.l\lieh.





 





OR 811er few thoroughbred Poland Chiuu Pigs six weeks

old of the I rye breed. They will be registered if desired.

Price upon application. G. 'I‘. HIKE. Bradley. Michigan





50 YORKSHmES—AII ages. lied Polled Cattle.

Oxford Down Hheep. W. P.



Rocks. I. R. Ducks. E. d. CARR. Homer. Mich.

OAllKBFITRFl SWINE, Bonrs ready for service.





gilt bred for June furrow. Vloanling pigs 6‘10

weeks old. GEO. S. MGM ULLl‘lN. (”and Lodge. Mich.





For Sale—Yorkshire Gills





from large litters. bred for full far-rowing. Waterman

Waterman. Ann Arbor. Mich. Mendowland Farm.





.—Weaniing Pigs. sire not skin. Bred

MUIGTOOT Hogs- sows and gilts or full furrow. two

service boars. C. F. BACON. llidgevvny. Mich.





 





 





 





 





illio Formstesd Vorirshires. Boers ready for service.

Gilt»! bred for Sept. furrow. Spring pigs, nirsnnd

tries. not skin. Colon C. Lillie. (loopersvil e. Mich.





REGISTERED YURKSHIRES





Imported Strain. Both sexes. Prices Reasonable.





Hatch Herd, Ypsilanti, Michigan.





 





 





o I c! filler-vice hours. gilts, sows. spring

- s s in» ~— none better. Satisfaction

guaranteed. A. ll. GBAHAM. rum. Michigan.

0. I. C. Pigs. 8 lo 10 Weeks Old 31 . 5?}? £122?

Registered free. C. J. Thompson. Rockford. Mich.





a I Choice Sept. 11W either sex. Will

0 O 0 take orders for . arch. April and May

pigs. not skin. ALVIN





V. BATT. Grass Lake. Mich.

”H l’ ‘

Way Brother: Slack Farm. h.‘.f.r’lf‘1’.‘b‘i godliniii

for sale. Registered free. J. R. Wily. Pompeii. Mich.

DURm JERSEYS—k few fall hours and 12

bred giltn for sale.

CAREY U. EDMOBDS, Haunts. Michigan.





F0. SALE—Fancy bretl gills. full mules. spririg'pigs,

of the large. smoolh hind. Price to sell.

JOHN MCNICOLL, “AM A, R 4. Bl] City. Mich.





 





 





 





anitol Herd Dam Jersey Rwine. Established 1888.

C Spring pins for sole. satisfaction guaranteed. _Ex.

press prepaid. J. H. Banflhsft. East Lansxng. Mich.





EAVY BONED DUROC JERSEYS FOR SALE.

Some ortra rice scrim: pigs readv to shin

M. A. BR AY. Okemos. lndham Co.. Michigan.





UROC JERSEYS—Spring pigs either sex (lilts bred for

Sent. furrow to A son of Volunteer Grand (‘hampinu nt

lnterrm'i Stock Show Chicago. I". .l. Drodt. R. 1, Monroe. Mich.





 





UROC .Tersev bred giltn. bred for Aug. and Sept.

furrow from.londing blood lines: also a few [1 od





boars. Write for circular snd prices. W.C.Tnylor. Miln‘n. Ilieli.





.p, l





 





krcrsrurm YORKSHIRES‘fitl‘Egii"?





fine boars. J06. H. BREWER, Belmont. Mich.





YORKSHIRES





Bred gilts. service boars. S . tomber and Oelol r ' .

Prices reasonable. w. C. 800K. s. 42, “.3133:





Pure Bred ilule Fool lie 3 “2“ SALE - Reduced

s. FRANK snr'rrr. . RT (failgi'lrififv 1313:3353;





mssmnrs Choir m... b“?- M M-

...... mm. moor Freewares?





S HEBP.





Registered Oxford Dow- Sheep”w;‘§;‘;g;°“r

M. F. GANSSLEY. Lennon. Michigan. '





 





 





 





 





 





HORSES





FOR SALE—Registered Percheron Stallion Morse

and Fillies at reasonable rices. 1n-

.poouon invited. r. L. KING a son. ChsrTotte.Mich.





 





 





' —Reg. Shetland Ponies. mostly

“300" P0“, Far spots.1 spotted stallion and young

stock for an e. Dr. W, T. Morrison. Pigeon. Mich.





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Registered Percherons

Brood ’msres.'.'Fillies end Young Stallions. Priced

to sell. Tnspection invited.

L. C. HUNT & CO.. Eaton Rapids. Michigan.





 





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