The Only Weekly Agricultural,





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Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





 





VOL. CXLV No. 3 i

Whole Number 3845





DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, JULY 17, 1915.





3 50 CENTS A YEAR,

$2 FOR 5 YEARS.





Giving the Boys a Broader Viewpoint





ran away but afterwards came

back.



He came back home.



He came to a realization of his best

self.



He came back to new friends and

inteiests and forces, quite uncon-

ciously responding to theix kindly

treatment until the once discontented,

rebellious, unhappy runaway was so

awakened to the fascinating life on

the farm about him that now it seems

to him that “it requires a greater man

to be a successful farmer than it does

to be a workman at any other busi-

nessin the world."



He did not run very far from home,

but far enough so that his folks did

not know wheie he was and sought

the help of the association secretaiy

County Secretary F. P. Knapp found

him in the same township, helping

men to gravel a new road.



“Have you any better place to go

than your own home?” he questioned

him.



“No,” answered the boy.



“Then you’d better go back home

until you find something better.”



So finally the boy did go back home.



Becoming interested in him, a rural

Y. M. C. A. group of boys voted him

to membership. For some months he

enjoyed their program of Bible study,

group games and educational work un-

der the direction of a wholesome per-

sonality, meetings being held in the

homes of various members. Then he

entered the St. Joseph county corn

growing contest. That year he won

third place, which encouraged him to

grow that crop a second season. His

second exhibit scored higher than that

of any boy in the county, impartial

neighbors certifying that when he had

cut, husked and weighed the yield

from that quarter of an acre, there

were 40 bushels in it—a yield of 160

bushels of shelled corn to the acre!

Michigan’s average for the past 10

years is less than 33 bushels.



Those ten ears exhibited in the

boys’ county contest also carried him

to first place in the men’s county con-

test that year, and scored above all

others entered in the state show. That





THIS is the story of the boy who





is why “the boy who came back”

writes with his own hand, “the main

influence that has led me to look upon

farming as my life work, I think, is

the corn contests conducted by the St.

Joseph County Committee of the

Young Men’s Christian Associations.”



This oft told story of- what the

Rural Association has meant to one

Michigan home is worth repeating be-

cause it is so typical of the plan and

purpose, the underlying motives of

that great and new “world wide move-

ment for a new rural moral civiliza-

tion” in which this state leads all oth-

ers. With all of its crop contests, its

play festivals in’the open country as

well as the small cities, towns and vil-

lages, its summer camps, county and

state conferences attended by 5,000

boys last year, and its group of boys’





N 4





A “Street" in»a Y. M. C. A. Boys'iRec reation Camp.





club work with four fold, all- iound pro-

gram for mental, physical, social and

religious development, none of these

are conducted in and for themselves.



Believing that. the formation of

character is better than its reforma-

tion, the Rural Association seeks a

task for every boy and man, and a

man or boy for every task in its ef-

fort to help boys and to do a work

with boys. For, as Fiske of Oberlin

says, “There’s as much difference be-

tween work with boys and work for

boys as there is between a sponge

bath and a bath, sponge.” But back

of it all lies the insistent desire to

train boys to leadership and to ser-

vice.



A Chicago professor says that “the

boy is the center of the world” In

the eyes of his elders, in past years





   





 





’3’; L»? A“





 





 





One of the Games Enjoyed at a Play Festival.





 





 





he has not been all of that. He ought:

to be. He is fast moving toward the

center of thought and action, for they

realize with this Chicago teacher that

“if you want to get hold of the health

of the future, begin with the boy. If

you desire to conserve the culture, the

democracy, the wealth and the re-

ligion of the future, conserve these in.

the boy. The making of heaven and

earth as they are to be is in the hands

of men who know how to work with

boys.” Theodore Roosevelt put it more

compactly: “If you are going to do

anything permanent for the average

man, you have got to begin with the

boy and not the man.”



“The greatest need of country life

today,” says a student of it, “is not

merely bigger crops and better meth—-

ods, though these are good, but more

than all else we need young men who

can see the thing that needs to be

done and who dare to step in and take

the initiative.”



Thinking of that, the Rural Associa-

tion or County Work Department

evolved the idea of a state conference

Camp at Torch Lake for boys from the

open country, not with the idea of

recreation alone nor with the hope of

giving instruction in scientific agricul—

ture. But during its first season, last

year, and its approaching season, Aug-

ust 18 to 28, the effort was made and

will be repeated, “to teach the possi—

bilities and advantages of country life,

to enlarge the vision of the farm boy,

and to strengthen his faith in his pow-

er to succeed at home amid the en~-

vironment he has known from early

childhood.”



The boys who enjoy fishing, swim~

ming and boating on the shores of‘

Torch Lake, sleeping in tents, base—

ball and hikes, nature study talks and

camp fire stunts and entertainment

will likewise enjoy Bible study adap—~

ted to their needs and inspirational





' addresses by Michigan’s leaders in the»





forward movement in rural life. Boys





.Who show qualities of leadership in





rural life are being picked for this en-

campment.

Rural leadership is likewise being

discovered, enlisted and trained by

(Continued on page 48).





 





A Group of Boys Taking a Lesson in Cattle Judging.





Corn School Conducted by a County Y. M. C. A. Committee.
42 —-2





THE MICHIGAN. FA‘RMER





JULY 17, 1915;,





 





The Michigan Farmer





Established 1843. Column 1915.





The Lawrence Publishing Co.





Editors and Proprietors.





39 to £5 Con recs St. West. Detroit. Michigan

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m, ], LAWRENCE ..................................... President

M. L. LAWRENCE...............................Vicc-Pr¢gidcm

E. H. HOUGHTON .................................... Sec.-'l‘reas,

l. R, WATERBURY .................................



BURT WERMUTH mam

FRANK A, WILKEN......................’.... Editors

ALTA LAWSON Ll'r'rELL..................





 





E. H. HOUGHTON -------------------------- Business Manager

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CURRENT COMMENT.





 





Members of two

cow—testing asso-

ciations have work-

ed out a new idea,

or given application to an old one as

the case may be, for the establishment

of a herd book for the registry of

grade dairy cows coming up to a. cer-

tain standard of performance. This

idea has taken such a firm hold on the

communities in which the Winona and

Salem, 0., cow-testing associations op-

erate, that after consultation with offi-

cials of the Dairy Division of the U.

S. Department of Agriculture and

state dairy officials, a general meeting

was called at Salem last week for a

more thorough and comprehensive dis-

cussion of this project. ‘



A very definite scale of points has

been worked out from a theoretical

standpoint, and the continued use of

pure-bred sires of the same breed is

made a requisite for admission of ani-

mals to registry. The idea is the out—

growth of the good work which has

been done by these two cow-testing as-

sociations. Good as this work has

been, it has been felt to fall short of

desirable requirements in the matter

of the classification of good grade

cows. and encouragement toward cor-

rect and better methods of breeding.

The main object in view by the pro-

moters of this proposition is appar-

ently the promotion of straight line

breeding for the upbuilding of high-

grade dairy cattle of any breed, rather

than the promiscuous crossing and re-

crossing of blood lines which is so fre-

quent in common practice at the pres-

ent time.



The argument is advanced that only

two per cent of the cow population is

now registered, and that a consider-

able percentage of this contingent of

pure-bred animals is composed of me-

diocre individuals not available for the

improvement of the average quality of

dairy cattle. Conceding that, the rank

and file of dairymen must depend up-

on grade cows for years to come, the

establishment of a system by which

high—producing grade COWS would be

taken as foundation stock upon an es-

tablished record of breeding and pro-

duction, with the use of good reg<

lstered sires, should build permanently

on this foundation for the benefit of

the dairy business of the country. Un‘

der proper restrictions this plan would

seem to have considerable merit.



At first thought some may be so

shortsighted as to feel that it will be

an encroachment upon and a detri-

ment to the business of breeding pure-

bred cattle. This, however, is ashort-

sighted view, since the general growth

of an organization of this kind would

very greatly increase the demand for

pure-bred sires of quality of all dairy





Registering Grade

Performers.





breeds, while the work of breeding ~up

grade dairy cattle to higher standards

of production would inspire many

dairymen to enter the field of produc-

ing pure-breds. This work would also

been incentive to breeders of pure-

bred dairy cattle in general to contin-

ue the improvement of the special

purpose dairy breeds in order to keep

the standard of production as high as

possible.



Any movement which will interest



dairymen and live stock breeders of

any class in the production of animals

of better quality is a movement in the

right direction, and one which should

be welcomed by all who are interested

in the live stock industry, provided

that the work is established on a

sound and scientific basis. The devel-

opment resulting from the initiative

of the members of these two cow-test-

ing associations will at least be watch-

ed with interest by every Michigan

dairyman.

Mathematics is not the

only science in which

problems are worked

out in which there are

one or more unknown quantities. Ag-

riculture has several points the lead

of mathematics on this score. Farm-

ers who have been trying to make hay

and cultivate their growing crops dur-

ing early July have been particularly

harassed by one of these constantly

present unknown quantities in every

agricultural problem, i. e., the weath-

er! And of all the varying unknown

quantities entering into our agricultur-

al problems, this eternal question

mark, the weather, is perhaps the most

perplexing and difficult to encounter.

Yet it must be met, and the problem

in hand must be solved successfully

or otherwise, according to the ability

and resourcefulness of the individual

farmer. That it can be met in a man-

ner to minimize loss is attested by

thousands of examples.



An object lesson in point will be ob-

served in a day's drive through the

country by any thinking man. Corn

fields will be seen in which much of

the corn has been killed or stunted by

te surplus water from excessive rains

for the removal of which there is in-

sufficient natural or artificial drain-

age, or, where the land is foul with

weeds these may have literally choked

out the growing corn plants. In a

season of drought it is the same. The





The Unknown

Quantity.





land which is in good physical condi-_





tion and which is worked judiciously

will respond in a surprising manner.

In fact, the farmer who is a good bus-

iness man and. a good manager will so

minimize the unknown quantities

which must be coped with on every

hand in the business of farming, that

they will be merely handicaps rather

than stumbling blocks in the road to

success.



Some farmers have mastered this

art so thoroughly that they have come

to have a confidence in their ability to

work with nature successfully, even

when she is in an unkind mood. The

writer of this comment once heard a

farmer who belongs to this class make

a remark which he has never forgot—

ten. The remark had been passed

that it was too bad that the severe

drought which was then prevailing had

not been broken, since it promised to

be a hardship to so many farmers.

The optimistic agriculturist replied

that he rather liked dry weather be—

cause it didn’t interfere with the work.

This farmer had simply minimized an

unknown quantity in his business by

making every preparation for variable

weather conditions, and refused to

worry about the inevitable, secure in

the feeling that if he continued to do

his best a. fairly satisfactory harvest

would follow even an unfavorable seed

time. And his feeling of security was

the result of years of experience. An-

other farmer who has successfully

minimized the unknown quantities in

his business made the rather broad as-

sertion in an article published in the

Michigan Farmer a. year..or two ago,





that the successful farmer could

“make' Dame Nature come right up

and eat out of his hand.”



It is perhaps needless to state that

these sentiments were expressed by

forchande‘d farmers who did not need

to worry over ordinary losses, and

who had mastered the business of

farming to a degree which gave them

a comfortable feeling of independence

even from the factor of unknown quan-

tities in their business. It is, of

course, quite a different proposition

for the struggling young farmer who

is handicapped in other ways, to meet

and solve similar problems. But they

are muchmore capable of solution

than the average person realizes, if

we will but minimize the unknown

quantities, which are always. factors

in an intelligent and energetic man-

lyner—in other words, if we will cul-

tivate efficiency in farm management

with due regard to the conditions like-

ly to be met.



During the com.

Feedingthe World. paratively brief



history of its de‘

velopment, the United States has play-

ed an important part in the feeding of

the rest of the world. As our popula-

tion has increased, exports along

many lines have proportionately de-

creased.



The publication of statistics for the

last fiscal year show that the increas—

ed demand for_foodstuffs caused by

the European war has greatly stimu-

lated our exports of foodstuffs during

the past year. The figures showing

the exports of foodstuffs for the ele-

ven months of the last fiscal year end-

ing June 1 show a total valuation of

foodstuffs exported of 724,000,000, as

compared with $443,000,000 for the

same period of the preceding year.



Of this total wheat formed the lug

est single item, the aggregate amount

exported during the eleven months be-

ing 249,576,000 bushels, or an increase

of approximately 164,000,000 bushels

as compared with the previous year.

The increase in value of wheat ex-

ported was proportionately larger, the

total value of wheat exported during

the eleven months being $319,961,000,

an increase over the same period of

the previous year of $239,138,000. Also

nearly 5,000,000 more barrels of flour

were exported during this period than

for the same period last year, which

the increased exportation of corn

amounted to 35,000,000 bushels and

the increased exportation of cats near-

ly 5,000,000 bushels.



With another harvest at hand these

figures are significant". With large

yields of the small grains. again prac-

tically assured, there will be a strong

speculative tendency to keep prices

down until the bulk of the crop has

been moved from first" hands. With

the war still in progress and no set-

tlement in sight, growers should be

conservative sellers on the early mar-

ket, since there will undoubtedly be a

continued demand for foodstuffs from

Europe which will be supplied at fav-

orable prices so long as it is possible

to make shipments to satisfy them.

While permanently increased prosper-

ity may not be expected from this

cause, yet undoubtedly the European

war is stimulating, an increased de-

mand for foodstuffs, a considerable

pro-portion of which will be supplied

from the surplus products of the Uni-

ted States. It is therefore essential

that growers should use jugment in

the marketing of. their products to the

end that they, rather than the specu—

lators who may purchase staple pro-

ducts in anticipation of the future de-

man, may reap such benefit as may

accrue from this cause.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





Foreign.



The European Wan—It appears

that the Austrians and Germans have

been checked in- their drive on Russia.

The Czar has organized a: new army

which is being flunge against the en-

emy‘ and reports sta that Germ-unis,





even taking forces intend -

lensiVe campaign in the $3333 :28th

in maintaining the ound won by the

recent victories in allcla. It was ex-

pected that new life would be at in

to the western war campaign y the

Germans following an aggressive

movement of troops by the German

crown prince in northern France but

the move seems to have failed and the





French, on the other hand, after bat- -





tllng for the hill countr

Bethune. and Arms for 120ydalyitvh§$g

captured the hills overlooking the

plains of Flanders. It is estimated

that the German losses in this battle

amount to 100,000 men. The remaind-

er of_the western front has been com-

paratively quiet. The Italians are ad-

ding to their victories over the Aus-

trians, and late last week captured

Mount Tofano, which make. them mas-

ters of the road along Travenanzez

valley. The Turks re-enforced their

lines in the Dardanelles, however the

Allied forces are said to have made

further advances on the Galllpoll pe-

ninsula. An agreement has been

reached between Russia and Italy

filletrelbg grlsonffis 2f Italian national-

a 11 mm s ustrian ar '

be sent back to Italy. ' my W!"





Germany’s reply to the last United

States note relative to the submarine

warfare now being conducted by that

country, does not appear to be alto-

gether satisfactory to the American

nation. Press Comments have almost

without exception criticized unfaVOi-a-

hly the. answer made by Germany, par‘

ticularly as re ards her apparent de~

sire to evade t e answering of direct

questions touching the main issue of

the controversy.- President Wilson

and his cabinet will confer this week

on how the administration will mee

the situation now confronted. ‘



.Gen. Carranza has captured Mexico

City; this victory it is expected will

improve his chances of being rec-

ognized by the United States govern-

ment. The success also gives him

control of the railroad leading from

Vera Cruz to the capitol city, affords

mg a safe means of transportation to

and fro. Large quantities of food-

stuffs will be sent immediately to rer

lieve the distressed population.



Thus far the Germans claim to have

destroyed 136 air craft belonging to

the enemy. Of these the French lost

57 and the British 47. ,



Dunrobin Castle, the Highland resi«

dence of the Duke of Sutherland, lo-

cated near Dornach, Scotland, was

partially destroyed by fire a short

533'? ago. The castle dates back to





National.





Last week a sea tragedy was avert-

ed by the trans-Atlantic steamer Mim

nehaha making port at Halifax follow-

ing the explosion of a bomb in one of

her holds while enroute to England.

Wireless messages had been sent the

vessel warning its commander of such

danger following the disclosures made

by the would-be assassin of J. Pier-

pont Morgan. Further mysterious

disclosures relative to bombs being

placed on two more ships sailing from

New Orleans were made Sunday and

the naval department at Washington

has flashed notification to these ves~

gels of the reported presence of the

explosives.



Prof. See, a noted astronomer and

at present United States naval observ-

er at Marc’s Island, San Francisco

harbor, declares he has discovered the

cause of gravitation, which he asserts

IS governed by forces depending upon

electricity in motion.



A fire on the battleship Alabama ly-

ing off the Philadelphia harbor

threatened the magazines and created

a considerable scare among 500 Visit-

ors on the boat at the time. The fire

was subdued after much hard work. It

is. believed that a short circuit started

the flame.



An organization has been perfected

in Kent county looking toward the im~

proving of the highway across the

state from Detroit to Grand Haven.

Meetings will be held at nearly all the

important places along the road.



A lone highwayman robbed more

than 100 tourists traVeling in twelve

coaches at Yellowstone Part last F'ri-





day.



On .Thursday of this week a tablet

bearing testimony to the achievement

of Nicolet, Who discovered the Straits

of Mackinaw in 1634, will be unveiled

at Mackinac Island. .



James M. Sullivan, American Min-is-

ter to the Dominican, Republic has

been asked to resign his. post as the

result of investigations conducted by

the state department



A petition has been presented to

President Wilson urging an investiga‘

tion of labor conditions in Porto Rim.

The petition declares that workers are

underpaid, that the police force of the

island is used .tO oppress them and

that 200,000 children of echoed -‘ age are

without school accommodations.



Because of the belief that little; per-

manent good can be done the Red,

Cross is considering a course of con-

servatism regarding the distribution of





supplies: to the, Mexican people. .. .- -,
”-





"M’_‘ .,.





 





u-‘q .

‘ fi

.5'





JULY 17, 1915.





THE MICHI





Cabbage as a Cash Crop





FTER fifteen years of experience

A in cabbage growing, farmers of



the writer’s locality are contract-

ing, this season, something like 100

acres more than usual. In addition to

this, the acreage of independent grow-

ers who do not contract, will be con-





siderable. These facts show that the

cabbage industry has become fixed,





and can no longer be treated as an

experimental or transitory part of gen-

eral farming. Year after year, farmers

put out a field or two to cabbage,

with as much regularity as they plant

corn or any other established crop.

Other innovations in kind and variety

of crops grown, have not stood the

test, and in a year or two, have given

Way to the old stand-bys, but cabbage

has come to stay.



In considering the factors which

have entered into the success of the

cabbage industry here, two well estab-

lished points stand out. First, in or-

der to make a success of cabbage

growing, the soil.must be in a high

state of cultivation and fertilization.

Land that will grow a fair crop of

corn, will not necessarily produce a

paying crop of cabbage. In the case

of the com, the whole crop is avail-

able, and even though the yield may

not, be large, something is realized. In

the case of cabbage, a light crop rep-

resents almost a total failure. Cab-

bage is a cash crop. Heads that are

under size, can not be marketed, and

unless the soil is fertile most of the

heads will fall far below the mar-

ketable size. The second point that

has been demonstrated is that the

grower must be reasonably near a.

kraut mill or shipping place. Hauling

cabbage five or six miles or more cuts

down the profits and makes the indus-

try one of doubtful merit. For this

reason cabbage growing is apt to be

confined to narrow limits and restrict-

ed neighborhoods in close proximity

to a mill or shipping point.



A Popular Cash Crop.



In seeking an explanation of the

popularity of the cabbage industry, of

course its ability to pay out is the

chief factor. The fact that cabbage is

almost wholly a cash crop seems to

have weight with many. During the

history of the industry in this locality

the contracting price has ranged from

$4 to $5.50 per ton. ‘In normal sea-

sons the average yield is 10 to 12 tons

per acre, with the heaviest pieces go-

ing 15 or even 18 tons. In the light

of these facts the popularity of cab-

bage as a cash crop is readily seen.



In regard to the certainty of a prof-

itable yield, cabbage seems to stand

an equal chance with most other farm

"crops. With the soil suitable and the

cultivation adequate, unfavorable

weather conditions alone stand in the

way of a profitable harvest. The pests

which prey on the cabbage plant are

the cabbage worm and the cabbage

louse. In the case of the former, dam-

age done in large fields is slight, and

restricted to a row or two of plants

around the outside of the patch. The

worms are overwhelmed by the enor-

mity of the thing, and get no farther

than a very small start. Few growers

pay any attention to this pest, the

ravages of which are insignificant. In

the case of the cabbage louse, its ap-

pearance seems to be the signal for a

light yield, if not a total failure. It is

only in time of protracted drought

that this pest becomes prominent, and

the dry weather and the louse togeth-

er make the crop hardly worth har-

vesting.



Important Considerations.



In considering the fav0rab1e factors

in cabbage raising, the shortness of

the time between setting the plants

and harvesting the crop, should be

mentioned. Most of the plants are set

in June, and by the second week in

November the money realized from

the venture is in the pocket of the





grower. The time of growing and bar-





vesting the crop is shorter by a month

than that required for the corn crop.

The work of caring for the growing

plant is about the same in the case of

corn and cabbage.



In one important particular, the cab-

bage industry differs from the grow-

ing of most other farm products. , The

grower knows, as a rule, how much

per ton he will get for the cabbage

several months prior to the fitting of

the ground for the setting of the

plants. While doubtless this system

has its advantages it also has its dis-

advantages. A proof of this was seen

in the summer of 1913, when the

drought and the cabbage louse cut the

crop to one-fourth its normal size.

Growers who had contracted the crop

hauled the scanty yield to the local

kraut mill for $4 and $5 per ton, while

independent growers received $15 per

ton at the same mill. Naturally, such

an experience had a tendency to give

a black eye to the practice of con-

tracting. However, kraut makers claim

that this method is absolutely essen-

tial to their business, as they must

provide as far as possible, for the fill-

ing of orders taken months ahead.



An Opportunity for Cooperation.



In discussing this phase of the in-

dustry, the question of co—operation

comes to the front. It would seem in

the very nature of the case, that co-

operation among cabbage growers

would meet with satisfactory results.

In the rise and spread of the co-op-

erative movement in this section, the

establishment of co-operative kraut

mills has been talked about, but so

far the step has not been taken. It

seems probable, however, that this,

like other good things, will come

about in the not very distant future.



Hillsdale Co. J. A. Krussu.

FARMERS SHOULD SAVE THEIR



OWN HAIRY VETCH.





 





The greater part of the hairy vetch

seed, used in the United States, has

been imported from Russia and Ger-

many, the annual importations in-

creasing from less than 100,000 pounds

in 1906 to over 2,000,000 pounds in

1914. On account of the conditions

resulting from the European war only

179,000 pounds of seed were imported

between November 1, 1914, and May

15, 1915, and there seems to be little

prospect of more coming in before

seeding time this fall. This will re-

sult in only a small proportion of the

normal supply of hairy vetch seed be-

ing available for this year’s sowing.

While the domestic production of

hairy vetch seed has increased for a

number of years it has not increased

in proportion to the demand, and the

price of the seed has constantly ad-





vanced as its use has become more





generaL



Farmers who have hairy vetch

growing are urged by the specialists

of the United States Department of

Agriculture to save their own supply

of seed this year so they may be able

to continue the use of this valuable

crop. It is not to be expected, how-

ever, that prices higher than those of

last year will be obtained, as the high

price of the seed under normal condi-

tions in recent years has been the

chief factor in limiting the use of

hairy vetch in the past.



In harvesting the seed crop it should

be cut with a mowing machine when

the oldest pods are fully ripe. The

wheels of the mower as well as the

horses must not be allowed to pass

over‘the cut vetch as otherwise 'much

of the seed will be shattered out. As

the pods break open readily when dry,

The greatest care should be taken

in curing and handling to avoid

loss of seed. It can be threshed with

an ordinary grain 'thresher by lower-

ing the concaves sufl‘iciently‘to avoid

cracking the seed. Yields of from

three to ten bushels per acre of hairy





GAN‘ FARMER





vetch seed may be expected in addi-

tion to the rye or other grain with

which it is grown. A complete sep-

aration of the hairy vetch seed, from

rye or wheat, is best made by use of

a spiral separating machine known in

Europe as “Schnectentrieur,” which

is now manufactured for sale in this

country. For local seeding, however,

a complete separation is not neces-

sary, and the desired proportions of

vetch and rye or wheat can be obtain-

ed by the use of an ordinary fanning

mill.





HARVESTING VETCH FOR SEED.



In reply to the inquiry relating to

the harvesting of vetch seed which

was published in your last issue, to

which my attention has been called,

will say that the common method of

cutting vetch for s'ecd is to cut, it

when the ripest pods on the plants

are ripe enough so that they shatter

more 'or less.



As you know, a vetch plant will

have pods that are over-ripe, pods

that are ripe enough So that they will

hold their seed when the plant is be-

ing harvested, and other pods that will

be just forming. The exact time to

cut vetch is a matter of judgment.

There is, gi-snerally, a considerable

waste of seed from shattering. I

know of no way to prevent it. “76

have had considerable difficulty in this

direction in hot, dry years.



When the plants are considered to

be at the proper stage of maturity for

profitable cutting, the common plan is

to cut around the piece with a mower

and then for men to go along with

forks and pull this swath away from

the uncut vetch and rye, leaving a

clear space for the machine and the

horses to go over when the next bout

is made, and when another swath is

cut to move that over also, and so on.



Of course, this is a slow process,

but it is the best way that we know

now. If the vetch crop is heavy, the

use of a binder is out of the question.

It may be that some day somebody

will invent a machine for harvesting

vetch that will beat the rather slow

and clumsy method we are now com-

pelled to use. I hope so.



We have been unable here to cut

vetch seed without more or less Waste.

It sometimes amounts to two or three

bushels to the acre where the crop is

heavy. I may say that after the crop

is cut, the common plan has been to

cock up the vetch and rye and after

it has cured a few days to put it

through a threshing machine. \Ne

have never had any trouble as yet

with the seed spoiling in the field, nor

do I think it would spoil if the bunch-

es were turned over once or twice after

it has been rained on.



Kalamazoo Co. JAsox WOODMAN.





 





 





THE WEATHER AND THE WORK.



We are having considerable rain at

the present time, July 7, but if we lis-

ten to the teachings will learn an im-

portant lesson.



To the hay-maker it may be a little

disastrous, but in many other ways

the advantages will much more than

offset the disadvantages to the hay

crop. These advantages will be found

in the improvement of the pastures,

and in the growth of other crops. To

the man on heavy clay land, it teaches

this necessary lesson, that tile drain-

age must no longer be dispensed with,

if he wishes to reap the full results of

his labor, or to be in position to util-

ize the water that falls instead of be-

ing at its mercy.



Cultivation must not cease. It will

be the salvation of the growing crops.

Keep the cultivator going, should be

the slogan. It matters not if you have

just gone over your corn ground, or

your potato ground, and there is not

a weed in the entire field, immediate-

ly after the rain is over, or as soon as

you can possibly get on the ground,

get busy with the full working force





 





3—443





of the farm and go over it again. Do

not wait for the land to dry out, for,

if you do, the land will bake, crust ov-

er, and besides you will lose tons and

tons of good w'ater that should be bot-

tled up in the ground for the crop’s

future use. Other business may be

pressing, bet this item of cultivation

cannot be neglected.



Cultivation warms the soil. It gives

a chance for aeration, and without

aeration and warmth the soil bacteria

cannot. work, and the inert and poten~

tial plant food cannot be worked into

serviceable condition for plant use.



Let your land become water-soaked,

or crusted over, either one, it can ad-

mit no air, therefore the soil bacteria

cannot do its work and the whole

process of plant growth must cease be-

cause of starvation.



These rains are beneficial in many

ways, but keep in the ground the wa-

ter that falls on the ground, and not

waste it by evaporation. Also give

the air a chance for circulation in

your soil. The man who deplores the

rainy weather is the man who loses

sight of an important teaching.



Kent Co. RAY Sussroxs.





FARM NOTES.





 





Cultivating Beans when the Dew is on.

How, and to what extent do beans

suffer from being cultivated when the

dew is on, or in other words, is it ad-

visable to cultivate beans when the

dew is on? Do beans suffer anything

from having a small quantity of soil

thrown on the leaves during the first

cultivation? Beans pull nicer if they

have been billed slightly during the

last cultivation, and I am wondering if

the beans suffer anything from being

billed slightly during the last cultiva-

tion. If drouth and weed conditions

demand it, would it be advisable to

cultivate beans in spite of the fact

that the beans had commenced to

bud? What is the cause and remedy

for bean blight?

Isabella Co. J. L. (f.





Beans undoubtedly suffer some dam-

age from cultivating when the leaves

are wet with dew, for the reason that

there are generally present in Michi-

gan bean fields one or both of the two

serious bean diseases, anthracnose

and bacterial blight. Cultivating when

the leaves are wet with dew tends to

spread the spores of these diseases

under conditions which favor their

getting a foothold on uninfected plants

hence the common idea that cultivat-

ing when the dew is on causes rusting

or blighting of the vines. This is the

writer’s opinion, is the only good

foundation for this general opinion.



Level cultivation is considered bet-

ter for beans, but except in extreme

weather conditions a slight hilling at

the last cultivation will do no particu-

lar harm. By the time the beans are

in bloom they have attained sufficient

growth so that cultivation should be

unnecessary if the ground has been

well fitted and early cultivations have

been sufficiently thorough to keep

down the weeds. It is, of course,

sometimes impossible to do this, and

it is entirely a matter of judgment,

depending altogether upon conditions

whether late cultivation should or

should not be practiced.



Bean blight is a bacterial disease

for which no remedy has been discov-

ered except the planting of clean seed

upon uninfected soil.



“Try-a-bag” of fertilizer. Our brands

are soluble and active, and not only

increase yield, but improve quality

and hasten maturity. Agents wanted.

Address American Agricultural Chem-

ical 00., Cleveland, Cincinnati, Detroit

or Baltimore—Adv.





 





THE FARMER’S ASSISTANT.





 





I wish to thank you for what the

Michigan Farmer has done for me. I

have read it since the day when I

was working as a farm hand at $10

per month and believe it has had a

great deal to do with the fact that I

am not working as a farm hand now.

Wishing you many more years'of suc-

cess as the farm paper of Michigan.—

F. M. Ellmost. ”
Warran'l'ed

to give satisfaction





   





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positive cure for





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gentioves all Bunches from Horses or

at Is.





As 8. HUMAN REMEDY for Rheu-

mntlom, Sprulns. Sore Throat, etc, it

is invaluable.



Every bottle of Call-"c Balsam sold is

Warranted to give satisfaction. Price 81.50

per bottle. Sold by druggists or sent by ex-

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use. Send for descriptive circulars, testimo-

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THE LAWHNGl-WILLILKS COIPANY. Cleveland. Ohio.





 





 





 





 





Order your

Saginaw

now





Right no w is the

time to order your

Saginaw Silo. Do it

before t h e summer

Silorushison. Then you

will be ready for filling

time. Avoid rush and

bustleat the last moment.

Get your silo now——more time to erect it.

# Remember the ’Saginaw is the permanent

Steel-Built stave silo with the perfect

silage keeping qualities of wood and the

great strength of steel. Write us or see

gaginaw agent today. Send for booklet

00 LA.





THE McCLURI CO MPANY

(Formerly Farmers Handy Wazoo Co.)

Slainaw. Mich. Cairo. lll. Fort Worth. Texas

Des Moinu. Iowa St. Paul. Minn.



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NOTICE!





Write to the Home” Stonchlon Works for literature

or the impro ed ohlon

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THE. MICHIGAN FARMER:





The Value Of Ancestral “Influences





OTWITHSTANDING the great



progress which has been made



in the last one hundred'years

in improving our live stock, grains

and vegetables, there are but few out-

side of the professional breeders who

fully comprehend the value of ances-

tral influences. In fact, it is the foun-

dation and basis on which the skillful

breeder operates. The individual who

does not fully comprehend the value

of ancestral influences will make but

little progress if he undertakes to

make improvements in stock, grains

or vegetables.



Although many examples illustrate

what has been accomplished in the

last century, a great many supposedly

learned men seem to’ ignore the neces-

sities for studying and relying on what

has been accomplished in the past. It

was only a short time since that I

had the privilege of listening to a

brilliant young minister on the sub-

ject of cultivating the habit of form-

ing correct habits. He contended that

we, as members of the human family,

are but the result of what our habits

make us. He stated that all progress

we make, have made, or are likely to

make, comes from forming the habits

of doing things in a certain manner.

In other words, he contended that en

vironment is what makes the civilized

man what he is. Had the individual

given due thought to the study of an-

thropology, the science of man, or eth-

nology, the science of the races, he

would have arrived at a different con—

clusion. The race of men known as

Jews are an example of ancestral in-

fluences, carrying the characteristics

of the race which has been a leading

feature for 4,000 years or more. It is

well known that Abraham and his

grandson, Jacob, were capable of ma-

nipulating affairs and making. deals

which would bring large amounts of

wealth into their possession. That

characteristic of the accumulation of

wealth has become so prominent in

the Jewish race that it is taken as a

matter of course that a Jew is simply

a money gatherer.



Mankind, an Example.



Looking at the races of mankind as

we find them today. from the lowest

to. the highest, it will be noted that

those that have not. been bred up for

generations to a high standard of ex-

cellence have not increased in capa-

bilities. Take, for instance, the Dakos

of Abyssinia. They do not know or

have not advanced in a manner to

adopt any means which lead to civili-

zation. They do not know the benefits

that can be derived by the use of fire,

neither do they conform to any rite or

ceremony, not even marriage or the

conjugal relation in any way. They

are simply children of the forest, liv-

ing in all the freedom that can be giv-

en them under primitive conditions.



Another race of men which have

been brought in contact with the civ-

ilized races to a limited extent have

developed in a limited degree. A stu-

dent of human nature told the writer

that she had spent a considerable

time in Australia studying the charac-

teristics of the native Australian, and

that there were but few exceptions

among those people where they pos‘

sessed any farther than a child mind,

and are not capable of mastering men-

tally anything beyond the capabilities

of the white child of ten years of age.

In fact, she stated that it was with

difficulty that those people were

taught to count numbers above five or

six. She also stated that in order to

make them fairly civilized individuals

that it would require many, many gen-

erations of contact with civilized peo-

ple and with training under the hands

of skillful trainers to make them re-

spectable and fairly accountable indi-

viduals. even it brought in contact with

the bright minds. of the civilized na—

tions of the world.



This shows that the law of ances-





 





trsl influences applies to men as well

as to 'the'lower order of creation, and

it is worth the while for those who

are students of human nature, who

devote their time to the elevation of

humanity, to give as much attention

to the ancestral influences, or laws of

heredity and environment, as to the

improvements of live stock, grains

and vegetables.

Improvement of Grain.



Since the dawn of civilization the

matter of selection and breeding of

our grains has attracted the attention

of the wisest and of the political econ-

omists, as well as the agriculturists.

Fully realizing that there are varia-

tions in the production of the grains

and vegetables, they have Wisely se~

lected the best specimens, casting off

the inferior ones, and‘ using only as

seed thOSe that carry the desirable

characteristics. By following this plan

for many generations a type or breed

of grains has been fixed, and we have

as the result of the wise application of

the rule of our ancestors our excellent

varieties of grains. They are a bless—

ing to humanity at the present time,

for if surrounded with favorable con-

ditions they yield abundantly of their

kind, furnishing a. large amount of

food in return for a small outlay of

labor.



It is not generally understood that

our grains, like wheat, rye, barley,

oats, speltz, and those classes of

grain, are lineal descendants of a. de-

generate descendant of the lily family.

In referring to their ancestors we us-

ually simply say that they were evolv-

ed from some of the ancient grasses.

The facts in regard to their very an-

cient ancestry were not known until

the science of palaentology was es-

tablished and men were able to trace

the history of these ancient forms on

the rock-ribbed surface of the earth.



The Breeds of' Animals.



Most of the modern agriculturists

and live stock growers are familiar

with the progress made in the devel-

oping of the many very excellent

breeds of horses, cattle, sheep, swine

and poultry. \‘Vithin the recollection

of men who have lived but the ordi-

nary allotment of man, very many

breeds have been developed and

brought forth carrying excellent qual-

ities far superior to those found in

countries where the native varieties of

stock of the kind were once prevalent.



The great progress has been made

by the application of good judgment

of the breeders in their painstaking

selections in breeding from the best

of the varieties selected for operation.

Had it not been for the labors of these

benefactors, the possibilities for the

production of a. large amount of meat

for a small outlay of feed, we would





not be blessed with the' opportunities





of growing and utilizing our live stock



in a way that would enable us to feed



the teeming millions who are looking



toward the farmers for their living.

Some Object Lessons.



We will nottice only a few of the

breeds which stand out as examples of

what has been accomplished by rely-

ing on the binding and potent influ-

ences of not only the immediate, but

remote ancestors. Take; for instance,

the breed of “Holstein” cattle. It was

less than a half century ago that that

breed was recognized as having desir-

able characteristics worthy of devel-

oping for. the usa of dairymen of this

country. They were a. large, coarse,

bony class of cattle that were capable

of subsisting on coarse feed, and at

the same time giving in return a liber-

al amount of milk which was of an in-

ferior quality. In fact, it did not car.

ry a. sufficient percentage of what we

new term butter-fat to enable the

breed to challenge the admiration and

adoption by the average dairyman,

but by constant effort in selection the

breeders have so changed the charac-

teristics.- of that breed that they have





mm ilk-191's}.





-;





refined them in form, built. them in

shape to meet their tastes and desires

as to conformation, and have by se-‘l

lection so improved the capabilities of:

enriching their milk, that they stand

at the present time as the greatest

breed of dairy cattle for the farmer

who desires a class of cattle that willI

yield a. large amount of milk in re‘

turn for the quality of forage usually!

produced on the farm, and at the same

time return a large amount of milk

rich enough in quality to meet the de-

mands of the city consumers.



Take another example of the bene-

fits of ancestral influences as portray- 3

ed in the two breeds of cattle, the:

Jersey and Guernsey cattle. For a'

long period of years those breeds were

confined to the limited area of the is-

lands which bear their- names and

reared as pets of the people who were

the inhabitants of those islands.

Among. their first characteristics was

that of the production of milk very

rich in quality, although yielded in

small quantities. By the skill of the

breeders during the last half century

those breeds have been developed in a.

way which enables those animals to

not only yield milk that is rich in

quality, but yielded in large quanti-

ties. Instead of hearing of Jersey or

Guernsey champions that yield 10,000

pounds of milk in a year and' from

600 to 800 pounds of butter, the mod-

ern champions have reached nearly, if

not quite, double the amount of milk

and have passed the 1,000 pound mark

a long time ago in the- production of

butter. In fact, those animals are

looked upon at the present time as

the most economical milk and butter

machines that have been developed of

the cattle kind.



Give the Principle a Broad Applica-



‘ tion.



The example of the beneficial influ-

ences of heredity considered in its

proper light could be multiplied far be-

yond, the space alloted to one article.

but it is not necessary. Readers and

thinkers have the facts in mind, so

let us when we are aiming to improve

our live stock, grains, or vegetables,

keep in mind the fact that in order to

secure the desired results we must

give due attention to the characteris-

tics of the immediate and remote an-

cestry of the animals or grains under

our supervision and control. It has

been by the study of these rules that

our live stock of all kinds have been

improved, breeds have been made and

many of the blessings which we enjoy

in regard to the improved live stock,

improved grains and vegetables, have

been attained, and while we appreci-

ate the worth of live stock and grain

improvement, let us not forget that

humanity is not an exception to these

great laws, and as much as we may

desire improvement of the lower order

of creation, humanity is deserving of

some attention. Let us get rid of the

savage in man which leads to cruel

wars, selfishness, which is but the

father of greed, and cultivate a spirit

of tolerance, kindness and solicitation

for the uplift of those with whom we

come in contact. Let us strive for a.

better class of people, who will be bet-

ter able and capable of enjoying the

blessings that we now enjoy and those

that are likely to come in the future.



Wayne Co. N. A. CLAPP.





 





_A Kentucky sheep breeding estab-

lishment netted 17 per cent on invest-

ed capital last year, after making lib

eral allowances for depreciation for

rent of land and labor. The great

boom in prices for lambs and sheep'

this year caused by the extraordinary

scarcity everywhere is causing a live-

ly demand for well~bred ewes and

ram for breeding purposes, and this

is the case all over the east, as well

as m the Mississippi Valley.



Advices from the Missouri river ;

markets are that there is a. lively de- :

mand for feeder steers, and buyers '

have been paying as high as $8 to.

$8.50 per 100 pounds, encouraged by ;

Egreéreduced number,» of cattle in pas- E



s. - '





 





”nu.” '





 





“—4.





al\





4'

, _ _.,. “A
JULY 17, 1915.





N T he Basis of





RE we not over-emphasizing the

A value of the fat content in milk



and too largely disregarding the

importance of the other'food constitu-

ents? In estimating the value of feeds

for stock the amount of protein and

carbohydrates is taken as the basis of

values and the small amount of fat is

hardly mentionedh but with milk the

fat alone is about all that is consider-

ed worth reckoning. Yet milk is as

nicely balanced'with all of the‘food

elements as any combination of grains

that we can mix, and the fat is about

as small in proportion to the others

as it is in the grains and forages we

feed to the stock or in the foods we

set on our tables.



Fat Chief Factor in Butter Only.



The whole milk entering into human

consumption is of large proportions.

in the city milk trade, in the con-

densaries, in cheese-making the whole

milk is used, and only in butter-mak-

ing is the fat the chief factor. And in

butter-making the separated milk--

the food elements of the milk with

practically only the fat taken out—is

of high value for feeding. The dairy-

man who disposes of his whole milk

finds great difficulty in finding any-

thing on which his calves will thrive,

but calves will do very nicely on sep-

arated milk with a little fiaxseed or

some form of calf feed added to re-

place the fat.



But in practice the fat content of

milk is taken as the only element in

estimating the value of milk. In cit-

ies, condensaries or cheese factories

where the whole milk is used, as well

as in butter-making, the Babcock test

is the only standard. This may be all

right as a means of determining

whether or not water has been added,

but as a means of measuring the true

value of milk is it not faulty? Why

should the protein and carbohydrates

be of less corresponding value in milk,

as compared with the value of the fat,

than inthe concentrates we feed our

stock or in the other foods we set on

our tables?



Percentage of Butter-fat Changes.



The fat is not an invariable factor

in determining the value of milk any

more than it is in corn or bran—per-

haps not so much so, as it is more

variable in milk, as analyses seem to

show. Not long ago I had occasion to

test the milk from two young Jersey

cows. One gave milk with consider-

ably more cream than the other, and

the owner thought the milk was rich-

er, but the test showed that the milk

from the cow yielding the larger

amount of cream tested 5.2, while that

from the other tested 6.2. In other

words, there was apparently a large

variation in the solids other than fat

given bythese two cows. One of the

mysteries of the cream separator is

that the fat in the cream varies while

the separator has been set and oper-

ated without change. With different

cows, and with the same cow from

day to day, it is knowu that the fat in

the milk varies, and while I am not

aware as any analyses of the other

contents of the milk have been pub-

lished, yet it is fair to presume that

these differ as well as the fat. At any

late it is fairly evident that the fat

does not constitute a fair basis for es-

timating the other food constituents

of the milk, and if we are correct in

estimating the value of other foods

and feeds by the amount of these sol-

ids they contain it is apparent that

the fat does not constitute a fair basis

for estimating the value of all milks.



.The Solids in Milk Valuable.



This is a matter of greater moment

to all milk producers than might ap-

pear. A writer in Michigan to a farm

paper recently complained that the

condensary which started a while ago

in his vicinity at first'said that the

fat in the milk was a small considera-

tion and urged theuse of Holsteins as





; milk producers because they produc-





THE MICHIGANVF‘AR‘MAER





Milk Values





ed a larger proportion of the other



solids, which was what they wanted in



condensed milk; but laterally they



have. come down to a fat basis in esti-‘,

mating values. They are enabled to,

do this because the fat content is so!

universally accepted as the basis, andl

a large concern like this has a large



influence in depressing milk prices



generally. If we applied the same



tests in estimating milk values that|

we do in appraising other things that



We eat and that we feed to stock there



would not be this opportunity of set-



ting up such a standard. And if the|

other solids, the proteins and carbo-l

hydrates, are a correct basis for es-.

tablishing other food values why are‘

they not in milk as well? It may not‘

be so convenient for condensaries and'

cheese factories to determine the1

amount of these contained in milk as

it is to make the test for fat, but this i

should not outweigh the matter of<

justice. EDW. Hurcnms.





_—_————.—————— :

HINTS ON FARM BUTTER-MAKING.





 





Cool the cream from the separator

as soon as possible to 55 degrees F.

or lower.



Never mix warm cream with cool

cream.



Mix all the cream to be churned in

one vat or can at least 18 hours be-

fore churning.



Ripen at a temperature of 70 to 75

degrees F. for from six to eight hours,

stirring frequently during this period.



Cool cream to churning temperature

as soon as ripe.



Let the cream stand eight hours or

more (over night) at the churning

temperature.



The temperature of churning should,

be such as to make the butter come

in from 35 to 40 minutes, usually 55 to

60 degrees F.



If it is desired to use artificial col-

oring, it should be added to the cream

just before churning.



Stop churning when the granules

are about the size of peas, varying to

wheat, and draw off the buttermilk.



Wash the butter once with pure wa-

ter at the churning temperature, agi-

tating three or four times, and drain.



W'ash a second time with water

about four degrees above churning

temperature, agitating seven or eight

times, and drain.



Add the salt wet while the butter is

in granular form, using about one to

one and one- -half ounces for each

pound of butter, according to the de-

mands of the ma1k.et



Work the butter just enough to dis-

tribute the salt evenly.



If the butter is to go on the market

it should be put up in neat, attractive

packages.





 





TO IMPROVE LIVE STOCK.





 





Two Holstein Friesian Cattle Asso-

ciations were formed in Wexford

county last week, one at Manton on

June 25 and at Buckley on June 26.

The object of such associations is to

improve the live stock in this district

and much interest is shown in com-

munity breeding.



The association formed at Manton

is to be called the Northern District

Holstein Association and the follow-





ing oflicers have been elected: Pres—

ident, Thomas Alexander, Cadillac;

Vice-president, James Wright, Lake





City; secretary, Roht. Runchey, Man-

ton; treasurer, George M. Brooks,

Manton. At this meeting the constitu-

tion committee will report and thel

groups will be formed. Fifty—four men '

were out at this first meeting.



The officers of the Buckley Associa-

tion are as follows: President, L. C

Cornell, Sherman; vice—president, Har-

vey Melvin, Wexford; secretary, G. A

Brigham, Buckley; treasurer, Edward

Cornell, Sherman. The next meeting

will be held on Thursday, July 5, at

8:00 p. m.



Livingston county,. Michigan, has

the best Live Stock AssOciation in

this state and it is one of the richest

counties and it is hoped to bring this

district to the front. in this way.





 





 





 





 





FfE=





5—45





HOT WEATHER





   

 





IT’S A GREAT MISTAKE FOR





any dairy farmer without a





separator or using an inferior ,





machine to put off. the pur—

chase of a De Laval Cream

Separator in the summer

months.





GREAT AS ARE THE AD-





vnatages of the De Laval over

all other separators, as well as

over any gravity setting sys—

tem, at every season of the

year, they are even greater

during the mid—summer sea-

son than at any other time.





THIS IS BECAUSE HOT





weather conditions occasion

greatest butter—fat losses with

gravity setting and render it





most difficult to maintain qual- .





ity of product with any grav-

ity system or unsanitary 1‘"

arator, while, moreover. the

quantity of milk is usually

greatest, and any loss in eith-

er quantity or quality of pro-

duct means more.





THEN THERE IS THE GREAT





saving in time and labor with

the simple, easy running, eas-





the season





IF YOU





SEPARATOR





saves most over

any other separator

or skimming system





ily cleaned, large capacity De

Laval machines over all other

methods or separators, which

naturally counts for most at

this time of the year.





HENCE THE GREAT MIS-





take of putting off the pur-

chase of a De Laval Cream

Separator in summer, wheth.

er you. already have a poor

machine or none at all, and

every dairy farmer should

keep in mind not only that a

De Laval will pay for itself by

next spring but may, if desir—

ed, be bought on such liberal

terms as to actually save its

own cost while being paid for.





EVERY CLAIM THUS MADE





is subject to easy demonstra-

tion, and every De Laval local

agent is glad of the opportu-

nity to prove these claims to

you, in your own dairy, with-

out cost or obligation on your

part.





DON’T KNOW THE

nearest De Laval agent please





. simply write the nearest main





office as below.





The De Laval Separator 60., £351.31212‘ix?s.§%‘t?£:;§





50,000 BRANCHES AND LOCAL AGENCIES THE WORLD OVER





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





=‘l’I——l





 





 





 

 

 





 





 





 





Guaranteed to do more and

better work with less power i





than any other silo filler operating under equal conditions. That

guarantee is based on what repeated tests have pro‘ved that the

By its efficiency and economy in

use, its positive safeguards against breakdowns and its extra long

life; the Appleton proves that Itf‘ZJiIt-(OJI is the only sensible





Appleton Silo Filler will do.





basis on which to choose a silo filler.





Solid oak frame, braced, bolted and mortified: impossible to pull out

Special high— grade tool steel knives. spiraled to give clean

shearing cut.1olengths of cut, 6.16 to 2/12 inc hes. Tremendous capacity.



Positive frictionless self feed table runs on chilled iron rollers.

lever controls feed rolls and table. Independent belt driven blower. on





Appremu





of line.





has speed adjustable to minimum use of power for any

height eilo. Lowdown, cut-under frame; easy to handle.





Send for catalog of details showing 4 sizes.





Appleton Manufacturing Co.. 420 Fargo St., Batavia, III.





 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 





A SOLID PROPOSITION to send 1

fully guaranteed, a new, well made,





easy running. perfect skimming separator ‘





for $15. 95.





making heavy or light cream.

is a sanitary marvel; easily cleaned.

ABSOLUTELY 0N APPROVAL

Different from this picture. which illus-

trates our large capacity machines. West-

ern orders filled from Western

Whether your dairy is 11 age or





points.





Skims warm or cold milk,

The bowl





small write for our:l harndssome free catalog. - '





. AMERICAN SEPTRATDR COMPANY





Box 406!





$2 11

One anan to Paylut‘”





Buy: the New Buflor— 1 I 1 I. ‘

"H 1’. No. _2. Lightrunning, ' ‘_ ‘

easy meaning, close skim- .‘. ’





 

 





 





 





ooh!

oz, vi'tildetrlunudmn;m ‘direct from- new” one:





ALa‘Auou- DOVER co. (121'

2195 Mann-11 aiva.





Bainbridge,N





ming,c c.urable Guaranteed ,

I lltoti mo. Skims 95 quarts 1

or hour. Made also in {out A ,.

vs. cor sizes up 1.05 1-2 shown here. .

Free Trial Bani-“3g M35:

cot.-





 





counter and live half;





 

 

 

 





ech co -'





 





One





 





FREE book on Silage.





Explains how uiloing doubles

feed values of crops; describes

alltypesofsilos, howbuilt etc.‘ .





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





full of silage and silo facts of





LINED, chain hanging and flexible.





ILLUSTRATED CATALOG





FRE





saving barn equipment.





full line of Sanitary Stalls, including

Harris New Adjustable, stands for perfect

cowcom.fort Economical, easilyinstalled.





SCI‘IIK sour ( om lete line of labor-

ritc for it today.





HARRIS MFG. C0,. Box 30 Salem. Ohio





real value. Sent free-write!





fiSTANCHIONS





are made of high carbon steel, WOOD





Our





de-





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





THE NEVER. SLIP





LADDER





Automatic Clutch ( Patented)

Attaches anywhere on silo.

Holds onl ike a bulldog.





holds. Cannotsway 1101' ben





Write us today. WOO





 

 





Greater the weight tightcrit ’

(1. De—

tachable seat. A pcrfectsiloladder.

Clutches may be “inched to any ladder g,

05 BROS.

SI L0 81. M FG. CO.,Lincoln, Neb.





 





 





 





ity of Gnllowny- built goods.

engines made





200, 000 customers testify to qual-

Our





in our factori mes.

Modern design Built for long,





 

   

 

   





 





 

 

 

   

 

 





 





 





 

   





Mention the Michigan I'm-men





when writing to advertiooro.
46—6





tilizer this Fall. From the be

obtainable, it appears that while





from Germany were entirely stopped last Janu—





ary, there is still some Potash





that will be used in the wheat fertilizers.





amount is very much less than





those who wish to secure fertilizers containing





it, must be alert and place the

Those manufacturers who have





doubtless make it go as far as possible and the





percentage in wheat fertilizers

than in former years.





is to follow the wheat.





Inability to secure the usual wheat fertilizers

containing from 2 to 6 per Cent of Potash

should not lead farmers to decide not to use





 





any fertilizer.

The reduction in the sales





 

 





'sl





 

 





 

 

 





~£.t,%fé‘..e\:;,,/,_.

zit“ t)?

/,I -





0“»





o .". - ., i] ”‘0

We. .19

,. new, a...“

‘ ) ‘ wk W .345?

.I / ~ \II‘ Mgr“ ‘a



‘1 ‘fi ..

\~ ‘ "i %

/‘\\\\\ .t ’. t.





 





It is





“If ssvs‘ I ‘ Ch

0,. ;:_ ’ \y.

'I‘: ' ‘5; f. / \Q .



’I’i/ ""W%



’5': I i





OTASH '





for WHEAT





Many farmers are anxiously inquiring whether

they can secure any Potash in their wheat fer—





The price per unit will

doubtless be higher, but not so high as to make

it unprofitable, especially where clover or hay





 





THE MICHIGAN ‘FARMER





4 a,





"207,.

:z.’ #2:

as:





”\‘“‘ ‘





,





r1”!

, . 1W

\





Z





st information

Potash exports





§

\





/

jut; ‘

_‘ §~\ .





in the country

The





Hence





15,





usual.





1%





fie:





ir orders early.

it in stock will





\ 2&5; .- ‘





I,

57’





must be lower





{1 . 5

\‘3‘ ‘





 

 





_... - ’

*_o-~é~_





 





till





of cotton fer-





tilizer has left more Potash available for wheat fertilizer

than We could have hoped for a few months ago and



minor sources of supply have been fully utilized.

There is no substitute for Potash.





very scarce just now, but





POTASH PAYS.

GERMAN KALI WORKS, inc., New York





San Francisco Atlanta

Savannah New Orleans





icago





 





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





   





“.1.

I





ill limit».

.ulllullmlim * Comb Foundations, Smokers, etc.

Sand for catalog A.



bred Italian I)%BS and queens. p





:. ' Ask for catalog .





WELMA .. ,I"

iii. In. .. "xi

M. H. HUNT G- SON. Box





emu/Imam





Press





—the famous motor press that is making clear

profits of $10. $15. $20 a day for shrewd farmers

everywhere. Makes it own power (4, 6, or 8 H. P.)

from simple gas engine on same truck. Both Press

and Engine made in our own factory. You can





Break All

Baling Records





in your neighborhood with the fast Working Sand-

wich Motor i’ress. Sure certain operation-solid

salable bales. Friction clutch right on press.

Heavy ”can’t slip" steel chain belt. Simple self

feeder and block dropper. Engine with Magneto.



We make Horse and Belt Power Presses too.





Get Our Book





—"‘I’oncToII"—packed from cover to cover with valuable

hay hailing facts. Show .'" actual figures the big profits you

can make with u Sandwwh Press. A postal brings n copy

FREE. Write NOW! Address





SANDWICH MFG. 00., “Hull ST., SANDWICHJLL





Box 5‘4 .Council Bluffs. In. Box 514. Kansas City. Mo.

I





 





 





     

 





Iillulllllll





IIII III





 





 





 





 

 

 





   

 

 





Can Start

or Slop

Instantly





 

 

 





 





 





 

 

 





,' Great for ~

. Windrow \

‘ Bailing \_,.





 





255 to 3%, Tons

per hour ..- r1,





 





HARVESTEIIS





Equipped with CHAMPION GRAIN GUARDS do

work no others can do; will pick up lodged grain no

matter how badly tangled nor how flat it lies on the

$round. so that It may be out the stamens if standing.



hey will get it. Out all around your field. save half

your time and all your grain. Made of steel. Eu-

dorsed my agricultural colleges and farmers allover



. We Will ship to responiliie parties on three

days free trail. I not as represented. return at our

expense. and money ‘where paid will be refunded.



Fits all machines.



Prices: $5.00 per set efeight; 96.00 per set of ten Ask

your d color or write us.



CHAMPION GRAIN GUARD CO.

5033 Calumet Ave., CHICAGO, ILL.





Celery Blanching Paper





Heavy gray stock resembling paste board.

The best for blanching. In rolls 36 inches

wide, 500 sq. ft. , weigh 40 lbs. , $1 per roll.

Send for free samples and quantity prices.





SylmterS. hmII, 259 8. 3rd St. Hills, PI.





 





 





 

 

 





 





 





BEE HIVES. SECTIONS, BERRY BASKETS AIIII





‘ Both Wood and

'ihorough 200 waxiined paper baskets post-





Ask for catalog .





16 QUART CRATES.





paper baskets.





aid in lat and 2nd zones for $1.





 





525, LANSING. MICH.





$6.00





PIIEPAIII





 





" ' " - 'v-,,

Buy the Genuine Doan’s Pat. Improved. Road, Ditch





and Embankment Scraper. Best general purpose



scraper sold. If you can't buy the genuine of your



dealer. will send you one prepaid for 86. . M'f‘d by

W. N. DOAN. Blissfield. Michigan.





 





LILLIE’S SPECIAL BRANDS





BUFFALII FERTILIZER





Made from best material. Always reliable.

Lime. Potash, Acid Phosphate, Nitrate of Soda.

Agents wanted in unoccupied territory, Ship di-

rect to farmers in cariots. Fertilizer questions

answered and farm soil surveys made on request.





 





Colon C. Lillie, Sales Agl.. Coopersviile, Mich.





ALF ALFAs '°°





PER

Hardy Non-Irrigated Seed Very Pure BU.

Germination high. Government tested. Absolutely guar-

anteed Northern grown, extremely hardy. Have Tur-

kestan Alfalfa: Sweet Clover: Timothy; grass seed of all

kinds. Ask for our latest (SO-page book on growing

Alfalfa, 92-page catalog and sam les. All non! Free.

e can save you money. Write I.()( ay

A. A. BERRY SEED 00.. 30143]





MICHIGAN GROWN





WHITE SWEET CLOVER





Ask for samples and prices.

YOUNG-RANDOLPH SEED C0., Owosso, Michigan.





8wEEI CLOVER SEE" High quality. Specially

- treated for full quick ger-

mination. Pricesand information on request.

EVERETT BARTON. Box 129, Faimouth, Ky.

L I M E send sample and full particu~

L lax-s. Write to office nearest you.





AKE SHORE STONE COMPANY.

Muskexon. Mich" and Benton Harbor. Mich





—You .should get the highest grade

of limestone manufactured. Buy

it upon the basis of analysis. We

manufacture the hi host grade pul-





verized limestone so (1 in Michigan.

Let us prove it. Ask for sample and analysis.

CAMPBELL STONE 60.. Indian River. Mich.





llARN AUCTIONEERIN at World's Original





d tth and 6'3??? 8°???

(1 become lndepen out w no cap a nves .

alli‘i'ery branch of the business taught in 5 weeks.





1' f talo . .

.iiiii‘ss‘id 1314,31. rsflc'ir‘iooa L‘or AUCTIONEERING,

28 N. Sacramento Blvd., Chicago. Ill. Carey M. Jones. Pres.





fi‘i‘ar‘é’ifii PAINT. $1.25 GAL.





Guaranteed. Sells elsewhere now for $2.8.





 





 





CLARINDA. IOWA





 





 





Pulverized lime rock for “sonir”

soils. Write for LOW PRICES

DIRECT TO YOU and we will





.».4





PAINT‘WABEHOWE', $2 Beaubien. Detroit. Mich.





(Continued from last week).

HESE figures are wrong from

Several points of view. We start-

ed with the very best product,

and assumed that every plant was

to be just as good. All the supe-

riority of this plant was multiplied ov-

er and over again. Not only is gin—

seng a marvelous crop when figured

this way, but beans or corn, or any-

thing else can be made a bonanza, if

you will start with the best and high-

est yielding plant and compute what

an acre would be worth. Having hint-

ed at the unsoundness of the returns

which are computed for ginseng, let

us see what other factors are at work,

paring these fabulous figures. Prob-

ably nothing cuts the ginseng yield so

much as blank spaces in the bed.

When the plants are in full leaf, they

make a brave show, but the spaces be-

tween are deceiving. One never sees

five-yearold ginseng regularly spaced

six inches apart, and if in making an

average, the great bare spaces are de-

ducted, it is found that ginseng is

spaced 3. great deal more than a foot

each way. Furthermore, in our first

figures, we took no account of the

paths, and these will occupy at least

one-fifth of the acreage under cover.



Some Probable Disappointments.



Although actual figures for large

areas do not exist, and figures as to

profits from small gardens are not ob-

tainable, it is, however, much more

within the regions of fact and less in

the realms of fancy, to put the aver-

age returns of ginseng at one-fourth

to one-fifth of the figures given, and

this probably is only true for the

smaller gardens.



It must be further remembered that

these figures are based on the total

returns for five years, and that a

great many things may cause the crop

to fail to give any return whatsoever.



Probably the most important in

causing this failure are the diseases

of ginseng. As would be expected

with a. crop grown so intensively, and

a crop where the part to be harvested

has to remain in the soil for at least

five years before it is ready for mar--

ket, the exposure to disease germs is

great, and the conditions trying. The

Bureau of Plant Industry has issued

a. bulletin on ginseng diseases, and

last year five pathologists devoted

their time to the study of the control

of these pests. The growers them~

selves have had to become experts in

ginseng maladies, and they discuss the

diseases at their meetings, calling the

germs by their Latin names, as well

as retailing their life histories. These

growers have learned to expect damp-

ing off and root rots. They are wag—

ing a. more or less successful fight

against these two forms of trouble. A

most serious menace to the industry

arose a few years ago, when alternat-

ing blight; swept over the gardens.

Fortunately the Cornell Experiment

Station was able to devise successful

control measures for this disease, and

now every progressive grower wages





 





 





a winning fight against this trouble.

But the fight never lessens, and year

after year the garden must be sprayed

to save the crop.



Some Pests.



Then there are animal pests, insects

that chew and suck, moles that bur-

row in the beds. As would be expect-

ed with so valuable a crop, another

animal pest is the thief, who breaks

in at night and steals. Ginseng beds

have 'to be securely hidden in deep

woods to evade the thief, or if the

garden is in the town, it must be

close to the house, heavily fenced and

carefully watched, if it is to be at all

safe. A stout and awry thief can car-





ry away in a sack the crop that five





years has produced. ,

Another, but perhaps not a true fac-



tor, in cutting downthe actual returns



from the ginseng garden is the'ever-





 





increasing demand for expansion. The





., i.-' ,,:.,.





JULY 17, 1915'. '





Ginseng, Its Possibilities and Probabilities '





grower starts with a small lot, per-

haps with space enough for one small

bed. Soon‘seed begins to ripen on

the few old plants he has set out, and

he lays out another bed. Next year.

more seed, and he expands again.

Then he begins to plan to put up more

shade with the money he gets for his

first five-year-old bed, and so it goes,

He has thousands of seeds ripening

each year; he has any number of

thrifty one and two-year-old roots

which he feels he ought to plant. He

spends his returns putting up more

shading and more stout fence and

drainage schemes, in spray outfits, in

burglar alarms, always expanding, al—

ways rich in potentialities, yet often

without the cash.



The Uncertainty of Ginseng Growing.



Such, then, is the ginseng game.

Ginseng is a high-priced plant, a valu-

able plant, and a. plant yielding large

returns, considering its intensive na-

ture; involving much labor and much

expense at the start, returns come

only after five years; hence the re-

turns which do come are surely earn-

ed. It is a. crop with ever increasing

demands for room—a demand so in-

sistent that the grower invariably re-

invests his proceeds. The market is.

as yet, wholly abroad, and'many be-

lieve the future of the ginseng trade

uncertain. ,



Since the boom times many men

have started ginseng growing. By far

the larger per cent has failed. To

grow ginseng successfully requires

more gray matter than to grow a crop

of corn. ‘It is, however, to those who

can specialize, correspondingly more

profitable. I would not discourage any,-

one from starting in the ginseng busi-

ness. I believe money can be made by

the ginseng expert; but the beginner

must be fully aware that he is taking

up a man-size proposition and one

which will require close attention and

study. Furthermore, I believe it only

fair that the possibilities which are so

very attractive to one who wants to

start the business, be properly bal-

anced with the probabilities. The

Farmers’ Bulletin referred to urges

great conservatism with reference to

this crop, and the writer can only add

the advice, do not go into ginéeng

growing with more than you can af‘

ford to lose. l G. H. Counts.





FOR ONION MAGGOT.





 





Seeing an inquiry from J. F. F., of

Indiana, for a remedy for onion mag—

got and your answer that there was

no remedy, I wish as a. subscriber's

wife to tell you of a remedy I have

found to be very successful. That is

to work well into the soil at the time

of planting a quantity of salt along"

each row if, after they are planted,

they begin to work in the onions scab

ter it over the top of the ground till

it looks like a light fall of snow, just

before a rain, if possible, but if the

maggots are bothering badly do not

wait for rain. This also works Well

for radishes when they are bothered

with worms. I have tried this several

times, so I speak from experience.



SUuscnmnn’s WIFE.



While salt may have some effect on

the maggot, it is detrimental to plant

growth. While no injury may be no—

ticed on the present crop, succeeding

crops would suffer from it and the

continued use of it on the same piece

of ground would show marked results.

Salt prevents the normal growth of

plants in nearly all cases, the chlorine

in the salt having the detrimental

effect—Eds.





CATALOG NOTICE.





Dupont hand trap, a practical de-

vice for throwing clay targets for the

pleasure and instruction of those de-

siring to become proflCient shooters in

the field and at the traps, are fully il-

lustrated and described in an art cat»

aiog sent upon request by the Dupont

Powder (30., Wilmington, Del.





i

A





 





 





“P" '
LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?

INFORMATION





 





 





 





 





 





We FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





This Magazine Section forms apart of our paper every week.





Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere.





 





 





 





O exploit surpasses in cool dar-

ing that of Lieut. William Bark-

er Cushing of Delafield in Wan.



kesha county, Wisconsin, who, half a

century ago, blew up in the Roanoke

river the Confederate ram Albermarle.



The Albermarle was one of the Con-

federate iron-clads built in the style

of the Merrimac, with which the Con-

federates hoped to destroy the Union

fleet blockading their coast, and open

up their ports to the commerce of the

world. In April, 1864, she attacked

and captured the town of Plymouth

near the head of Albermarle sound,

having beaten off the entire Union

fleet and sunk one of its best vessels.

A month later she again challenged

and defeated single-handed a fleet of

seven wooden vessels, sinking one of

them that tried ineffectually to ram

her beneath the water line. Unless

by some means she could be destroy-





Lieutenant Cushing’s Heroic Deed





By FREDERICK MERK





ed, she would render ineffective the

blockade of the Confederate coast up-

on which the north depended so much.



In this dilemma Lieutenant Cush-

ing came forward with a characteris-

tic plan. He had already acquired in

the navy a name for reckless daring,

his dare-devil feats having won him

even before the age of twenty-one the

command of a vessel of his own. He

now proposed to secure from New

York two small steam launches with

the necessary torpedo arrangements,

to convey these secretly along the

coast to Albermarle sound, and on

some favorable night steal up to the

iron-clad and blow her up.



Admiral Lee, to Whom Cushing





broached his plan, was willing that

the attempt should be made, but the

assistant secretary of the navy, who

had to be consulted, hesitated long

and doubtfully before he gave his con-

sent. The venture seemed almost

hopeless. The ram was eight miles up

the river, and it seemed almost cer-

tain that any attacking. party would

be discovered by the watchful pickets

who lined the shore. Moreover, the

Confederates, anticipating just such a

plan as Cushing was proposing, had

prepared for it by surrounding their

vessel with a boom of logs chained to-

gether so as to hold off any approach-

ing craft.



Cushing’s plan seemed the only one





possible, however, for destroying the

dreaded enemy, and he was given re-

luctant permission to attempt its exe-

cution. He proceeded at once to se-

cure his launches, one of which he

succeeded in bringing to the sound. On

October 27, 1864, all was ready for the

desperate venture. The fourteen men

selected to go with Cushing were

warned that death would almost cer-

tainly be their fate even if they were

successful, and were given an oppor-

tunity to withdraw from the enter-

prise, but all were eager for the ac-

tion. Indeed a number of adventurous

spirits offered a month’s pay to their

more fortunate shipmates if they

would exchange places, but without

avail. ‘



On the appointed night when dark-

ness had thrown a. friendly mantle ov-

er his operations, Cushing started out.

Silently the frail craft stole up the





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WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES





 





 





Russians in Trenches Opposing Austro-German





Advance.





Gurnee





 





 





Yale Boat Crew Defeats Harvard’s Crew by Seven Lengths.





.» — o‘muwn a





 





«HF E: ,. :





 





 





French Military Autos are Equipped with Steel Rails which Cut through

., arbwire Entanglements.





Miss Wanamaker Becomes Bride of U.





 





Munn





 





s. Flagship Wyoming on Way to Summer”





Manoeuvres.





 





Chinese Minister of Foreign

., . which





Copyright. 0) Underwood a Underwood. '1“. x.





Affairs and Japanese Minister Signing Treaty.

verted a Chino~Japanese War.
48—8





river, passing in safety a number of

schooners stationed near its mouth,

and arriving without detection within

twenty yards of the black hulk of the

ram. A. shout from a watchful lookout

and the flaring blaze of a beacon light

now warned the Union men that tiley

~were uiscov ered. With :fuil steam ahead

they raced forward, struck and breast-

ed the protecting boom of logs, and

amid a perfect storm of shot approach<

ed their Victim. Three bullets burned

through Cushing’s clothes, and a great

hole was rent in his coat, yet with im-

perturbable coolness and nicety of

judgment he adjusted to the ram’s

side the delicate machinery of his top—

pedo, and discharged it. A dense mass

of water surged into the air, overwhel‘

ming Cushing's little vessel but indi‘

cating that the torpedo had done its

appointed work. The men were or-

dered to save themselves, while Cush-

ing plunged into the water, and under

cover of darkness made for the shore.





Eleven of Cushing’s men were saved

by a launch that their chivalrous foe

sent out for them. Cushing himself

was determined not to be captured.

Boldly he struck out through the cold,

choppy water made progress difficult,

and fatigue was already numbing his

arms and legs. On his way he met

one of his comrades struggling feebly

in the water and assisted him as best

he could, but the poor fellow was be-

yond saving, and before long sank out

of sight. Cushing, too, was soon ut-

terly exhausted, and could keep up

only a sort of mechanical motion. Not

a moment too soon he reached the

shore and fell dazed and almost un«

conscious in the soft mud. Unable to

move he remained where he fell half

in mud and half in water until almost

daylight. Danger of discovery, how-

ever, brought strength once more to

his limbs, and he managed to crawl

into a nearby swamp. Two of the Al-

bermarle’s oflicers passed within a

few feet of where he lay, and from

their conversation he learned that the

rain had sunk with a great hole in her

side to the bottom of the river.





Rejoicing over this good news be

summoned up his strength once more,

and toiled on during the day to a

point well below the scene of his ex-

ploit. Happily he found hidden away

in the swampa skiff belonging to one

of the pickets of the enemy, and in

this, when night had again covered

his movements with friendly darkness,

he made his way to the mouth of the

river and thence to the protection of

the fleet. .



He had been paddling continuously

for ten hours, and had had no rest

since the night when he started from

the fleet. When he reached the side

of the picket vessel, Valley City, he

had only strength enough to hail it,

and then collapsed in the bottom of

his boat. The Valley City, upon hear-

ing his “ship-ahoy,” hurriedly backed

away, convinced that it was threaten-

ed with a hostile torpedo. No one

dreamed that it might be the intrepid

(lushing calling. His comrades be-

lieved beyond a doubt that he was ly-

. ing dead at the bottom of the Roanoke

‘river. When it was learned that the

.hero was in truth safe, astonishment

landjoy were equally mingled. Rock-

ets were sent up from every ship in

the sound, and cheer after cheer rent

the air.



Plymouth, deprived of its protection,

soon fell into Union hands. The fleet,

it may be added, was never again

tr0ubled by Confederate rams. Lieut.

Cushing for his daring exploit was

loaded with honors. He received the

public congratulations of the Navy

Department, was given a vote of

thanks by Congress upon the written

recommendation of President Lincoln,

and was promoted to the rank of

Lieutenant—commander. Thus this

youth of Delafield, Wisconsin, at the

age of but twenty-two rendered inval-

uable service to his country, and.

brought honor to I his state.





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





GIVING THE BOYS A BROADER

VIEWPOINT.





 





(Continued from first page).

County ~V'V'ork of the Young Men’s

Christian Associations of Michigan for

a new play life for the open country,

which is needed 'badiy and which

must come. “The Y. M. C. A. has

taught us," says Fiske, “that these

social and physical. things are essen-

tial in and of themselves. They can-

not be neglected safely. In a sense





they are moral safety valves, for re-,





leasing animal spirits which might be

dangerous to the community under

pressure. Certainly some measure of

play is needed to keep the balance of

efficiency in all human lives.” And

another adds, “The spirit of play must

come into rural life as having its full

place beside the spirit of work.”



Charlevoix county furnishes a typi-

cal example of how county work is

helping to inaugurate this new spirit

of play. Three years ago its secretary,

A. B. Ball, arranged and conducted

eight or ten rural play festivals and

athletic tests for both boys and girls.

These were on a township basis with

rural schools as the unit of compe‘

tition. .



For years the high schools of the

county had enjoyed their county

meets. The town lads paced the

course in their running slippers and

meagre track suits, following that ad-

vice of Paul to “lay aside every

weight.” They have also had their

jumping standards and other needed

equipment, preparing themselves un-

der the direction of experienced in—

structors. But in the cOuntry many a

father and mother thought that their

boys and girls could get enough exer-

cise in the work on the farm, forget-

ting the recreational and moral side

to play. Children coming together

from different schools were shy of

each other and often ashamed to par-

ticipate in games and atheltic contests

in the face of the scorn of their par

ents. One farmer indicated his an-

tagonism by destroying some of the

simple apparatus on a school ground.

Most of the teachers Were girls who

had never seen jumping standards and

who did not know how to time a race.



But in the busy seaason of early

May, the “men folks” took time ofl to

get children to these township festi-

vals. They went in automobiles. They

rode in hay racks. loaded full. They

hiked cross country, merrily swinging

their dinner baskets. Generously they

packed four and five small children in-

to a single seated rig. The boys

threw baseballs, raced and jumped in

their heavy coats, caps and thick sol-

ed shoes under a plan of competition

which put the small school on an

equal footing with the large one. The

girls attempted the balancing test, ran

the potato race, or threw bean bags

while admiring relatives crowded

about to learn the score. There were

games for the little ones. There were

races and contests for the fathers and

mothers, the aunts, uncles, big sisters

and brothers. And there was a picnic

dinner, all sitting round on the ground

or standing at long tables.



Since the first year, the interest in

these festivals has been growing.

School officers have even consented to

the appropriation of small amounts

for their share of the expenses. Girls

have made bloomers, or “gym" suits,

and boys have discarded their heavy

clothing for the lighter outfit of a

trained athlete. School teachers say

that the point of contact they have

gained in this natural manner, teach-

ing the games and preparing for these

festivals, has made easier the disci-

plining Of their schools. These picnic

dinners have brought together the

folks of a township for their first

friendly social meeting. The spirit of

cooperation has increased in strength,

and the spirit of play is rapidly be-

coming the running mate to thespirit

of work. '



Of course, the great buildings and





expensive equipment which character-

ize the city associations are impossi-

ble in the country. But with a strong

personality, they are led to the swim-

ming pools which nature has built,

taught to read the soils, the orchards

and the stock, and given a great vis-

ion of what they can do to make their

portion of the world better here and

now. In their clubs, meetings once a

week, comes the joy of fellowship and

social relationships like a pleasing

revelation, and they go out,_ even as

boys, to attempt to do such heroic

deeds as they have admired in the

strong men of Old Testament days or

seen in the virile manhood of the

Christ.



Such was the work of the Eaton

County Association at West Benton.

Many said that West Benton was an

“unusual” community with conditions

“peculiar” to itself and “different"

from those to be found elsewhere, and

that young people are not interested

in the church and are not likely to be—

come interested. But a single group

of boys was organized in that commu-

nity. They grew corn. They attend-

ed the great state and county confer!

ences of other older boys. They stud-

ied the Bible and listened to the home-

ly, plain advice of neighboring farm-

ers who visited their meetings. They

became infected with the desire to

help their own folks. So with money

earned among their own folks, they

presented a free lecture course in

their church that winter.





JULY 17, 1915.





a Widow‘s winter fuel, and cut the





corn of an unfortunate farmer. They

arranged and served supper to more

than 200 of their neighbors and

friends, afterwards speaking on dif-

ferent moral problems related to their

own community life. And because of

what those boys said that night, to

indicate the changed course they had

set for themselves, another was in-

spired to return to his own fellows to

persuade them to give up the bad and

the good-enough. for the better and

the best.



These young men embody the work-

ing ideals of the County Work depart-

ment of the Y. M. C. A. spiritualizing

as they have the uncommonly com.

mon' work of the farm and fireside.

It puts into flesh and blood the defini-

tion of County Work as given by K. l.

Butterfield, president of Massachusetts

Agriculaural College: “The special

mission of the Rural Association is by

means of helpful comradeship and in-

spiring leadership to influence boys

and young men living in the country

on behalf of a complete manhood, mo~

tived by the Christ spirit. It will

teach that this complete manhood can

be secured only by a growth that

comes when one’s play, one’s toil,

one’s study and one’s thinking are di~

rected and suffused by the spirit of

self«control and loving service."



The above article, descriptive of the

county Y. M. C. A. movement, is the





thirty-sixth of_ 52 special articles to

be published in consecutive issues.—

8.





They split Ed





 





gamutIIiumunnummlmmImmmunumIImumnmmnummtmIumImmmumnunnmmunIIIIntmumlmnnnmnmnmmnImuminmnImmunmmmmIImummummunmnmummuus

TH E RED MIST.

E By RANDALL PARRISH. g

E Copyright A. o. MoOlurg Co. E

7 E





CHAPTER XVI.





 





‘ A Prisoner.



It is indeed odd how the human

mind works, and now this new discov-

ery completely eclipsed every other

consideration. The thought of possi‘

ble escape, of any means of defense,

never occurred to me. All my mem-

ory retained was that last glimpse of

her slender figure at the window, and

the silhouette of her averted face.

What was her thought of me? Why

had she endeavored so bravely to op-

en a way for my escape? She had not

even hesitated at quick invention at

falsehood in my behalf, fearlessly fac-

ing her questioners, risking her very

reputation in hope of protecting me.

Could it have been merely from a

sense of gratitude for the small ser.

vice I had rendered her? This was

hard to conceive; yet it was even

harder to convince myself that she

really cared—that her swift sacrifice

of self had been other than the im-

pulse of a moment. Why, really, she

almost had reason to hate me for

what had occurred. I had practically

forced her into marriage, needlessly,

uselessly. She might even be justified

in believing I realized the truth, and

was guilty of a cowardly deceit. My

memory of her in the past was that of

a proud, headstrong girl, possessing a

quick temper, careless of whom she

hurt. I had never thought she even

liked'me, or valued my friendship. and

this adventure was far more liable to

arouse hatred than affection. She was

of a nature to resent the unfair ad

vantage I had taken, and declare war.

In the moment of her first surprise

she had sprung to my defense, but as

soon as she could consider the condi-

tions, her whole nature would turn

against me—even now the feeling of

disgust had come. She had turned cold-

ly away, hating the very sight of me—

staring out of the window until I

should disappear, dreading lest I

prove our enough to boast of our re-

lationship. Well, the lady need not

fear that. Nichols might tell the story,

but it would never find utterance on

my lips. And it would soon be over

with, blotted out. My fate would be

swiftly and surely settled—~21 drum-

head court-martial at Lewisburg, a

verdict of guilty, and a firing squad at

dawn. The remedy was simple and

effective. No one need ever know, for

the preacher’s lips could be easily

closed. And perhaps Lieutenant Ray-

mond—Bah! my teeth clinched angrily

at thought of him, and I tramped on

down “the stairs to the gruff order of

the sergeant. . . -



There were, three,other prisoners,





'sall'ow faced, roughly dressed moun-





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taineers, one wounded in the arm, but

I was kept separated from them with

a speCial guard. The day was gloomy,

With clouded skies, and the road so

muddy the horses stood fetlock deep.

Within ten minutes the entire com—

mand was in saddle, and moving slow—

ly northward. The lieutenant rode in

my rear for the first mile, watchful

andsuspicious; I could hear his voice

issuing orders, but cared nothing as

towhat precautions were taken. The

faint hope of some possible escape

was beginning to dawn on my mind,

but I realized the futility of any at-

tempt then—a way might open at

Lewisburg if the guards grew care-

less, but the slow moving horse under

me, limping painfully with each step,

was proof positive that any effort

made now to break away would prove

utterly useless. Noreen was riding in

advance of the column between the

two captains. A gray circular cape

concealed her slender form, but I

could observe the frequent turning of

her head as she apparently conversed

VivaCiously with her attentive escorts.

After we reached the crossroads Ray-

mond spurred his horse forward and

Jomed them, evidently convinced that

my guard was sufficiently vigilant, al-

though he stopped in passing to test

the knot which bound my hands he—

hind the saddle. It was an insolent

act, but I gave no outward sign of re-

sentment, not even glancing aside at

his face as he finally rode on. No one

spoke to me, the sergeant gripping my

rein in one hand, his face as expres—

Sionless as though carved from stone.

Once I asked a question of the trooper

on the other side—a rather pleasant

faced lad—but he only shook his head,

and looked away. I was thus driven

to my own solitary thoughts, and they

were far from enjoyable.



. I had been caught red-handed, with-

in the enemy’s lines, dressed in Feder-





al uniform, and bearing papers pur- .





porting to belong to Lieutenant Rays

mond. There was no defense I could

offer, no plea for mercy I could make.

The court-martial befo-rei'which I would

be brought for trial would be merely

a form—~I was condemned already. I

realized all this, yet the knowledge of

my desperate condition did not weigh

on my mind as heavily as did the

memory of my relations with that

careless, laughing girl riding in ad-

vance. Could she be acting a part, or

did she actually feel indifferent to my

fate? Surely she must know, must un-

derstand the conditions of my arrest.

She was a soldier’s daughter, and had

seen enough of army life to realize the

treatment given a captured spy. Yet

the fate.» overhanging me .apparently

made not the slightest impression up-
«an...





 





 





JULY .17, 1915.





on her. She had never glanced at me

as she came forth from the house; she

had passed me by as if totally una-

ware of my existence, and now I could

hear the sound of her laughter, as she

chattered unconcerned with her three

companions. There was but one con-

clusion possible—she really cared

nothing. She had, obeying blindly the

first impulse, endeavored to protect

me from arrest, yet even that effort

might have been made in fear lest l

announce our marriage. But now, as-

sured that I would not speak,‘relieved

of that dread, her only remaining de-

srre was to forget me utterly, to blot

me completely from her memory.



it was a bitter thought, and yet no

other was possible; nothing in her

conduct, in the echo of her laughing

w01ds, the interest she exhibited in

her blue—coated cavaliers, led me to

any other conclusions. Perhaps I

should have realized that such light-

heartedness on her part must be as-

sumed, for, casting my own case en-

tirely aside, it was not natural that

she should so soon forget the death of

her father. It had come to her a

shock, a blow. I had witnessed the

intense suffering in her face at her

earlier realization of the truth. She

could not have forgotten so suddenly,

so completely; her present effort to

appear light-hearted, indifferent,_must

arise from some special purpose in her

mind. In a vague way this occurred

to me, but prejudice, doubt of her, had

assumed possession of my brain, and

I could not grasp the probability in

any clearness. Her show of utter,

heartless indifference hurt and blind-





ed me; that she rejoiced at the knowl-





edge that within a few hours she

would be freed from all the conse—

quences of our rash act. It was the

reaction which had given her such

high spirits, the exhilarating sense of

escape, a relief so profound as to

cause her to even forget her fathers

death. This was the conceptionwhich

took possession of me, obliterating ev-

ery other possibility.



At first the thought served to numb

my faculties. and I rode forward With

lowered head, all interest in life dead

within me. Then pride came to the

rescue, and I straightened up in the

saddle. She was my wife—that slen-

der, laughing girl! Of course Iwould

never claim her; no word would ever

pass my lips to bring to her pain and

humiliation. No one would ever know

—excepting us two. But if I did speak

she could not deny, and she must

realize why I had kept silent, why I

had even gone down to death With

closed lips. She could not be a worn-

an and fail to appreciate such a sacri-

fice. It would live in her memory:

she would think of me as not altogeth-

er unworthy; she would know some

time this was not a trick, but an accr-

dent, in which my part was as inno-

cent as her own. Resentment would

die out in her heart, and a kindlier

feeling creep in. And then—there was

yet a chance! While there was life

there was hope, and I was soldier

enough, and sufficiently reckless, to

accept of any opportunity. There

might occur a relaxation in the Vigi-

lance of the guard, some delay at Lew-

isburg, possibly a. forwarding of me to

headquarters at Charleston—some

sudden, unexpected opening through

which I could squeeze. I was ready

enough to try, however desperate the

occasion; and, if such a chance did

serve, the end might not come merely

with escape. I could see her again;

talk with her face to face. It became

a fascinating dream, an inspiration——

at last a grim determination.



And so through the mud we rode

steadily on, following the pike that

curved along the base of the moun-

tains, and finally into the streets of

Lewisbui'g.





 





CHAPTER XVII»,

I Choose Death.





KNEW the town well, and few



walked those streets hand in hand



changes had occurred since last I

with my father. It had not grown any

larger, and thus far the war had

wrought little damage, although many

ofcthe shops Were closed, and occa-

sionally I observed marks of fire. The

majority of the men on the street

were in uniform, very few civilians

and no women being visible, although

I caught glimpses of curious faces

peering at us through closed windows.

Lewisburg had been strongly southern

in timent, and doubtless the major-

ity r her male population were bear-

ing arms in the Confederate ranks, or

had taken to the mountains in guerilla

warfare. The most of Life in the

sleepy old town centered about the

Frost Hotel, a three-story wooden

structure, where the oificers of the





, garrison lodged, and the court house,





a dignified edifice of red brick, a block

beyond, where in other days my father

presided on the bench, now completely

surrounded by a military camp.

There were more Federal soldiers here





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





than I had expected to see, but a re-

mark exchanged between two of my

guardinformed me that most of these

had arrived during the night—a regi-

ment of Ohio troops, and a battery of

light artillery, destined to assiSt in a

contemplated attack on Covington.



The head of our little column halted

in front of the hotel, but VVhitlock

shouted a command to the sergeant,

and we rode on past, the guard clos-

ing up tightly. I kept my face straight

ahead, determined to make no sign,

but nevertheless I had a glimpse of

Noreen, standing at her horse’s head,

and, for an instant, I felt certain her

eyes were resting on me. Momentary

as this was no doubt merely a glance

of curiosity—~yet it served to send the

hot blood throbbing through my veins.

That was the first faint sound vouch-

safed me that she even recalled my

existence, or gave me so much as a

thought. She stood too far away for

me to read the expression in her eyes.

and yet, the very fact that her glance

followed me brought quick response.

Then Raymond spoke to her, touching

her sleeve familiarly with his hand to

attract attention, and she smiled up

into his face, as if in answer to some

witty remark. This was the lost

glimpse I had as we clattered on down

the street.



At the court house steps the ser‘

geant turned me over to the officer of

the day, and I was marched into the

basement. The old jail had evidently

been burned, for I could see the roof





 





to me that those shelves rested

against the big chimney, and there

was an opening leading into it, across

which they had nailed a tin protector,

beffire they fastened the iron to the

wa .



If I could once get in behind that

iron plate the way out would not be

Such a hard or difficult one to travel.

The chimney was large; I recalled

standing upright in the fireplace on

the floor above, and looking up to

where I could perceive the light of the

sky. It was constructed of irregular

bits of stone, which would afford

lodgeinent for the feet, and grip for

the hands, in climbing—no easy job,

of course, but not impossible for one

reckless enough to make the attempt.

But how could I hope to pry loose

that protecting sheet of iron? Where

could I discover a tool to give me the

necessary leverage to dislodge those

bolts? Could one of those supports be

unscrewed or twisted off? If so it

might prove strong enough for the

purpose. I stepped hastily across, and

tested two of them with my hands,

but found both these firm and im-

movable. I dare not exercise much

force in fear the noise might be over-

heard, and besides it was time the

jailer brought me in some food. So I

went back to my seat on the box. and

waited, my eyes on the iron, and my

mind eagerly working on some plan

which seemed feasible. I had a half

dozen keys in my pocket, and a brok-

en cartridge shell in my belt—nothing





 





 





 





 





 





A Group’s Meeting Place, Once a Creamery, now Used for Band Practice

and Dances.





had fallen in, and the stone walls were

blackened with smoke, but the lower

story of the court house was bastile

enough, the windows barred, the walls

strong and thick. The place in which

they thrust me had at one time pro-

tected the county records, was per-

haps nine feet square, with one nar-

row window high up in the wall, and

an iron door. The floor and walls

were of stone, and the ceiling beyond

reach. A soldier threw in a box, to be

utilized as a seat, together with a cou-

ple of blankets.



“There, Johnny,” he said careless-

ly, “I guess you’ll stay here till you’re

wanted. There’ll be some grub along

after awhile."



The iron door clanged behind him,

and I heard the sharp click of a heavy

lock, then regular steps passing back

and forth across the stone floor, proof

that a sentinel had been posted.

There seemed little need of one as I

sat down on the box, and stared dis-

consolately about. The window afford-

ed ample light, but no hope of escape.

I could barely reach it with my hands

by standing on the box, and the open-

ing, even if the iron grating could be

removed, was far too small to permit

the passage of my body. I merely

glanced at the patch of blue sky thus

revealed, and then permitted my eyes

to wander along the solid walls, until

they encountered the only bit of the

original furnishings of this under-

ground vault—the shelves on which

had once reposed the records of Green

Briar County. They were of iron, as

a safeguard against fire, with a sheet

of iron at their back, concealing the

wall behind. My heart gave a sudden

leap; perhaps, after all, Fate had not

been wholly unkind; at least I had an-

other card left to play, and need not

remain hopelessly staring about at

those bare, solid walls. As a boy I

had played about this building, invad-

ing every nook and corner. I could

even recall when those shelves were

first installed, and I had sat almost

where I was sitting then, and watched

the workmen bolt them into their

present position. That seemed a long

while ago—why, I could not have been

more than eight or nine years of age.

It was before my father bought the

place out on the ridge, and we were

living only a block down the street.

This old court house was my favorite

playground then, and I had explored

every inch of it from cupola to wood

cellar. I watched those workmen all

one day, and the memory came back





else available. The searchers had

stripped me clean. A careful survey

of.the floor revealed only a twisted

nail, but there was something caught

in the iron bars of the window; from

where I sat it looked like the half of a

broken horseshoe. I got up to see, but

quickly sat down again—there was

someone at the door. .



It opened and a soldier stood aside

while two men entered. One was Fox,

the other a heavy~set, gray mustached

officer, in the uniform of a colonel of

infantry. The captain greeted me

gravely, and extended his hand.



.“I would far rather meet you as I

did before," he said, “but war gives

us no choice.”



“I took my chances, and have no

complaint,” I answered heartily, for I

liked the man. “I presume there is no

doubt as to my fate?”



“I fear not, but the matter is not in

my. hands, for which I am grateful.

This is Colonel. Pinckney, in com-

mand."



I bowed, and our eyes met. The

face confronting me was strong and

resolute, its expression that of regret.



A very young man, Captain Fox,”

he said to his companion, “which fact

adds to the unpleasantness of such

duty. Your name is Wyatt?”



“Yes, sir.”



“You claim connection with the Con‘

federate service—an officer?"



“A sergeant of artillery, sir.”



He cleared his throat impressively.



“You have the appearance of an in-

telligent man, Sergeant Wyatt, and

must. realize the seriousness of your

pos1tion. I am sure I need not dwell

upon the fate which befalls a spy

when captured by the enemy. In your

case there seems to be no defense pos~

Sible——you wear Federal uniform;

were within our lines, and papers have

been found on you of a most incrim-

inating character. It is my under-

standing you make no denial.”



“None whatever, sir; it would be

useless.”



“You have no reason to

mercy?"



“No, sir.”



“Yet there is always a way in which

mercy can be extended,” he went on

earnestly. “Doubtless you possess in-

formation which would be of the ut-

most value to us. I shall gladly use

my influence on your behalf if the cir-

cumstances warrant.”



“You mean, of course, if I will an-

swer such questions as you may ask

me?” ’(To be continued).





expect





9-49





 





DetroiflVapor Stoves





Burn Oil

or Gasoline





Like a city gas stove





So simple, just light the burners

and put cooking utensils on right away

—just like gas. Does not require

watching. N0 wicks to trim, because

none are used. It is a perfect delight

to any good housekeeper. Cheaper

than wood or coal. No piping or pres-

sure tanks are used. Can be placed

in any part of the kitchen. Prices as

low as $12. 'Write us for Catalog T

5, and name of your nearest dealer.





The Detroit Vapor Stove Co.

Detroit. Mich.





 





 

 

 

 

 

   





(Reg. U. S. Pal. Of.)





“BIG BOY”





Sales are climbing higher and ,‘ .

higher because Red Head ,

Spark Plugs make good our

guarantee that Red Heads

outlast the car. Made in all

sizes to fit all motors. Ask

your dealerordirect. $1.00.





 

 

 

 





 





I" Rider IGMEl‘I'S Wanted





in each lawn in r a, show I new 1015 model

g “Infill" bicycle. IIiA for our liberal ur— on

I ~ A lunplo to introduce.



DILIVIIID I'll! on approval and 8. hr'

will. Send for big no. union and panicu m





   





ll?





 





of mod marveloul 01hr ever made on I bicycle.



, ' a You will be umnished n our to. "I.“ and

”I rmiarkabk tel-ml.



i i new" CLIAIIIO nu- . ilmlM



' Li“ 1' , number oi old. models oi vuious molten, .1 to .12:



w. ‘ l, , tad.





   

   





. U '

. ”'1' by our Chicago rota-ll "pm. I3 to O.

. want u buglln write a om.





ii

. y (7'

J Tlr ism wheel mndri motor

' / cycle supplies aim] king.“ Ital] :0“! 11113 00““ II,

( until you got our coulog 3nd ollon. Write N





Inn cm: co.,lm. n-HEIIII‘”





Motor (5:51!in Tlucks





All Standard parts in 1, 15-, 2 and 3; tons

We will demonstrate in any part, of state.





THE MORITZ—MULLIN CO..

MICHIGAN DISTRIBUTORS.

550 Woodward Ave.. Detroit. Mich. Cadillac—840.





“Service First" is “Signal" slognn.





‘ ‘ ”a Pump, Grind, Saw

, A Double Geared Steel. bronze bearing





. OILLESS WIND MILLS

,; Nooil,noclimbingtowers.

." Made for Hard l'se. Feed

Grinders. Steel Tanks. Woo

Wheel Wind Mills. 2% to 2011.

P, Fuel Saving Engines.



Perkins Wind Mill 3. Enginn Company

" list. 11460. Catalogs free.

135 Main St. Mishawakn. Ind-





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Waichmaklng, Jewclry, Engravmg and Optics

' Bay, Boys! Have you made up your mind who.

you are going to be? Shall it he a trade. a roiession,

or something in the mercantile line? Ifow would

you like to become a W'ntchmaker and also take up

Jewelry work and Engraving? It. lea nice clean

business and a trade that. pays good salaries.

Address HOROLOGIOAL DEPARTMENT. Bradley

Polytechnic Institute. Peoria, Ill.. asking for full

particulars and catalogue.





 





 





 





The Grand Rapids





VETERINARY COLLEGE





Offers a three years Course In Veterinary Science.





Complying with all the requirements of the U. 8.



:I[3ureau o: dAanMI slcnéiuilstry. GEatnblished 1897.

ncnrpora 0 un er a e aw. a db



of Trustees. erte for Free Celina? y Board





 





 





152 Louis St.. Grand Rapids, Michigan.





 





 





 





an





1'1? , «



,l , .

’ i it“ Hundred. ofcood positions en oe ' '



.31, Iv lredizn t fth .m‘il’ 15. IrI 3333

)3 , " u ye cgW‘nglgefur iglhtoiigoaiaggalgzfim





wh lo youle

, testimonials from hund u w 0 can;

_ $100 to 8600 a month Addrela nearest ofliee. Dept 535

' NA‘IIONAI. “mull!" TRAINING WAT!“

Chicago, New York, Kansa- Cityx. S‘nfianciaco





our 5 on
3m:

It?“





, . a

ilfg





:-..‘.





 





 





Model 83 f. o. 5. Toledo

Roadster - $725





   





This is the largest 4-cylinder Overland

that will be produced this year





 





- THE MICHIGAN FARME’R. , 'mmmms.





 

   

 

   





The Newest Overland—$37





HE 1916 Overland is in many partic—

ulars the same as the 1915 Overland~tée

famous Model 80 Mat so/dfor $1075.





But toe price 23‘ $325 less.





The stream-line body is the same design

as the $1075 model of last season.





It has the some magnificent finish; that

deep, rich tone of dark Brewster green with

fine hairline striping of clear ivory-White.





35 horsepower motor .

High-tension magneto ignition

5-Bearing crankshaft

Thermo-syphon cooling





 





 





 





It has the some powerful, economical “c

thirty—five horsepower, four—cylinder motor, “6

out wezgfls less. a 1. ,, tiV



It has high-tension magneto ignition.



V . on



It has the same underslung rear spnngs. ;



It has the convenient arrangement of elec- ’

tric control buttons on the steering column.

co

“5





It has the same easy-working clutch e 0‘

which any woman can Operate; the same Ow





ctr

S p e c 1' it c" a t

Underslung rear springs ' \ 1

33”. x 4" tires; non-skid in rear (1% 1

Demountable rim; with one extra ’

Electric starting and lighting system 1





J ".

Handsome catalogue on mile“.





The Willys—Overlandfibr





New Models Now On Display 155% F
JULY 17. 1915.





 





Tar-MI?





I-iI'GAN FARMER





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Model 83 f. o. 5. Toledo

Roadster - $725





This is the largest 4-cylinder Overland

that will be produced this year





5335 Les__s Than Last Year





:al “easy to handle” —shifting levers; the same

it, “easy to steer with” wheel; the same posi-

.1.-. ,, tive brakes.





 





It has 33" x 4" tires which is unusual





s j. on a car at this price.

. . I





1. I In detail, finish, mechanical fineness,



0 comforts and conveniences, this newest

:h é Overland gives you all there was in the $1075

ve . Overland and even more powers



4-.» ,

ft ca 1‘ 1 0 n s :



Headlight dimmers

jll’” Rain-vision, ventilating tape, built-ln’





windshield

Instrument board on cowl dash





reéiiést. Please address Dept. 86.





l:.£bmpany, Toledo, Ohio





y 159% Panama Pacific Exposition





 





 





 





 





And it costs you but $750—$325/ess Man





last season '5‘ large 35 florsepo‘wer Over/and.





This car is on display at our dealers.

Deliveries are being made now all over the

country.





Every Overland dealer already has a

waiting list.





Place your order immediately and you

can be sure of a speedy delivery.





Left-hand drive, center control





One-man top.- top cover

Magnetic speedometer





Fm ‘





m





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





m~
52-+12





 





THE MICHIGA





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





VVOIn





a1] and Her Needs ‘





N FARMER





JULY 17'. 1915.





 





j





 





 





At Home and Elsew ere

fl ' % V3





 





 





 





 





 





Substitutes for Milk in Baby Feeding





recommended for babies who can



not digest cow’s milk; often it

is a success. There are some advan-

tages and some disadvantages con-

nected with its use. What these are

can be seen when we understand how

it is made. The milk is first heated to

the boiling point and then the water

evaporated to a little less than one-

fourth the original volume. Sugar is

then added in the proportion of about

six ounces to the pint. When fed to

the children one part of milk is used

to 12 parts water for babies under a

month old, and one part to eight to

ten parts for older children.



The fats and proteids are thus dilut-

ed an’d made easier of digestion, and

as sugar is the most easily assimilat-

ed food for infantile digestion, the

condensed milk is a suitable one for

babies with feeble digestion. The ex-

cess of sugar, however, is bad, and too

long a continuance of this milk usu-

ally has harlnful results. Rickets of-

ten follow a long-continued use of the

sweetened condensed milk.



An unsweetened condensed milk can

be bought which in many cases is bet-

ter. This milk, known to the trade as'

evaporated milk, is often fed with suc-

cess to babies who can not take fresh

milk. It sours as quickly as fresh

milk, however, and must be carefully





CONDENSED milk is frequently





handled after the can is opened. The

evaporated milk should be ' diluted

with eight to 12 parts of water, and a

little sugar added. In diluting any

food it is best to add the largest

amount of water mentioned, and re-

duce as you .see the baby can take

stronger food. Always err on the side

of too weak food instead of too strong.

If the food is too weak the baby will

not suffer anything but hunger. If it

is too strong the tiny stomach may be

injured before you can find out what

is the matter.



Kumyss is a milk preparation which

is valuable in attacks of indigestion,

but is rarely fed to infants. To make

it, add a tablespoonful of sugar, four

_of water and a half a yeast cake to a

quart of milk. Put in corked bottles

and keep at a temperature of 70 de-

grees for a week, shaking the bottles

vigorously five or six times a day. At

the end of the week the bottles should

be placed on ice.



Whey is valuable to feed in cases

of acute indigestion. To prepare it

add two teaspoonfuls of liquid rennet

to a pint of milk, stir, and when the

milk is coagulated strain the whey off

through a thin muslin. But this proc-

ess much of the casein of the milk is

removed and the process of digestion

is expedited.



DEBORAH.





llllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllliIHllllllliiilllll||HillllllllillllHlHIIHII|lllHHIIHIHIIHHHIHHIIlllHilHIIHHHHHHHHIHHHHHIIllIIHHIHHIHHIHHHllIHIlIllII“lIllIHHHIIIHIHHHIH|IHIIIllll![HIIIHHIIIIIHHHIHIIII





ONE MOTH ER’S PLAN.





 





BY ELIZABETH L. STOCKING.



There is something beautiful about

the dependence of childhdbd and yet

it is not well to allow the boys and

girls to be irresponsible. There are

certain small duties and responsibil-.

ities they may assume at an early age

which will prepare them for the work

of later life.



It is difficult, however, to get the

children to attend to these duties

themselves. If they are reminded

each time, the practicing will be done,

the seam sewed up, or the room dust-

ed at the proper season; but if moth-

er does not tell them, “Oh, I forgot all





. about it,” is the usual excuse.





One mother who had found it very

difficult to get her little girl to prac-

tice regularly and also not to linger

and dawdle over her dressing and

about everything else she did, hit up-

on a scheme. .



She made a schedule for her little

girl. The day was planned, just the

time she should have her breakfast,

when she‘should start for school, the

hour for practicing, for play, and for

the little talk with mother. This

schedule was pinned up over the little

girl’s writing desk to be consulted fre-

quently during the day. Every day or

so, mother wrote a new schedule,

planning something a little different

each time.



The schedule worked like a charm.

The child took great delight in follow-

ing it out. Many times during the day

she ran to the schedule to find what

she was to do next. She looked for

the new schedule with delighted an-

ticipation, for she was sure there

would be some pleasant surprise in

store for her. She never had an ex-

cuse for complaining that she didn’t

know what to do, for there, hanging

above her desk, was the mentor al-.





ways ready with a suggestion.





Of course, the schedule was rather

elastic and was not always carried

out just exactly; but it proved a great

help both to the child and to her

mother—so much of a help indeed that

the mother decided that she could ac-

complish more herself, and her work

would be more systematic if she had

a schedule, too, so she'wrote her

schedule and pinned it up, allowing so

many minutes for washing dishes, so

many for dusting, so much time for

the regular day’s cleaning or cooking,

etc.



She found that her schedule proved

quite as useful as her little girl’s,

that her work was done more quickly,

and that she had more leisure for

reading and recreation.



The little daughter was, of course,

delighted that mother should have a

schedule, too, and consulted it as of-

ten as her mother did.



“It’s wonderful,” declared the moth.

er, “how much more smoothly every-

thing runs“ and it is all due to the

dawning of the schedule idea.”





DRINKS FOR HOT DAYS.



As the hot days of summer come,

the drug stores and ice cream parlors

become more popular. It sometimes

seems difficult to find something at

home to serve, as a substitute for the

drinks and frozen dishes sold at these

places. There are, however, many ac-

ceptable drinks which may be prepar-

ed in a short time if the housewife

will keep the few necessary ingredi-

ents on hand.



Raspberry juice, when diluted and

slightly sweetened is very delicious.

Grape juice may be purchased in vari-

ous sized bottles or canned at home

when grapes are plentiful, and is also

very good when served‘cold on sum-

mer days. Some recipes for more

elaborate beverages are:



Piazza Punch—Juice of two lem-





 





ons, juice of two oranges, one cup of

sugar, two cups of grape juice, two

cups of water.



Fruit Punch—Juice of six lemons,

two cups of water, one pound of sugar

chopped rind of one lemon, two ban-

anas (sliced fine), one grated pine-

apple, half bottle of maraschino cher-

ries, two quarts of apolenaris water.



Pineapple Punch—One cup of grat-

ed pineapple, two cups of water, two

cups of sugar, half cup of fresh tea,

three oranges, one cup of grape juice,

two and a half quarts of water.-—Col-

orado Agricultural College.





SHORT CUTS TO HOUSEKEEPING.





 





Shake crushed egg shells in a little

water vigorously in a vinegar cruet

and they will remove that cloudy look

which the bottle takes on.——L. N.



If the bread knife is heated, new

bread can be cut as easily as old, but

remember, the knife will eventually

be ruined with the heat—M. A. P.



No doubt every housewife knows

that feather pillows need an occasion-

a1 sun bath to keep them in good Con-

dition. Sew. loops of strong tape to

two corners of each pillow and with

little books they can be easily and se—

curely adjusted to your clothesline to

swing free in the open air, and need

no attention while airing. We use pic-

ture hooks—R. A. G. K.



Strong, neat buttonholes, for chil-

dren’s underwear, etc., may be work‘

ed on the sewing machine at a great

saving of time and eyesight. Take a

piece of the material two inches or

more square and, laying it on the right

side of the garment, stitch with the

machine the length of the buttonhole

desired. Allowing two stitches for

width, stitch straight back t‘ill even

with the beginning, then the two

stitches for width. Sew around the

second time. Then out your button-

hole in the rectangle thus formed, and

pulling the square of cloth through

the hole, press it down smooth, and

stitching around once more with the

machine, trim off the superfluous

edges.



Bread Starter.——One rounding table-

spoon of mashed potato, one cup of

potato water, one rounding tablespoon

of sugar, a little salt, and one yeast

cake which has been soaked in a little

warm water. Let stand about 36 hours

before using for bread. During the

process of making bread, it may rise

too much, once, but more than once

will spoil the texture. If it is slow in

rising, add one tablespoon of grated

raw potato to hasten it.—Mrs. G.



Household Editorz—I enjoy reading

the Michigan Farmer very much, and

find many helpful articles in “Women

and her Needs.” Mrs. J. S. asks for

old-fashioned carpet rag dyes. I am

sending some recipes I found written

in an old book of a generation ago. I

used them eight years ago, for a rag

carpet, and the colors are still bright,

though the carpet has been in con-

stat use in living-rooms.



A Light Yellow.—-For five pounds of

cotton cloth dissolve one and one-half

pounds of sugar of lead in hot water

Dissolve in like quantity of cold water

12 ounces of chrome of bichromate of

potash. Put your cloth first in the

lead water, rinse up and down several

times, then wring out and put in the

other, then back again into the lead.

For orange, after the above, dip it in





boiling hot lime water. Prepare it as

for whitewashing, settle it, pour off

the top, reduce it, then dip in rags.

Wash after it is dry.



Blue—Two ounces of copperas to

five pounds of cloth, one ounce of

prussiate of potash, and one table-

spoonful of oil of vitriol. Soak the

cloth two hours in the copperas water,

wash the kettle, then put in water

enough to cover the cloth and put in

the potash. Keep it scalding hot two

hours, then take out and add the oil

of vitriol, stir well, then put in the





cloth, stir up a few minutes then rinse.





in cold water. For green, dip rags

first‘in the yellow dye, then into the

blue—Mrs. M. H. .

I was unable at one time to get ice

and the butter was simply oil. This is

the way I kept it solid and nearly as

nice as though it came off ice. I plac-





ed it in a stone jar and over the top





and around the sides I wrapped a tow-

el wet in water, leaving it so wet that

it just escaped dripping. When it be-

gan to get dry I dampened it again.

-—I. B. M.





CONTRIBUTED RECIPES.





 





(We do not pay for recipes).

Chicken Soup.



A nourishing soup which may be

made the principal part of the meal is

made by heating two cupfuls of chick-

en broth and to it adding one cupful

of sweet milk and a well beaten egg.

Bring to scalding point but do not

boil. Season with salt and pepper

and serve with crackers—L. M. T.





Oatmeal Cookies.



Two cups of brown sugar, three-

fourths cup of lard, two eggs, one cup

of sweet milk or water, a little sale-

ratus in milk, one quart of rolled oats,

two teaspoons of baking powder, one

quart of pastry flour, one Cup of chop-

ped raisins. Stir well and drop by

spoonfuls on baking tins—Mrs. E. T.





Cucumber Pickles.



Wash and soak in salt water over

night. In the» morning drain. Take

three quarts of vinegar, one and one-

half cups of sugar, three tablespoons

of mixed spices.

Drop in the cucumbers a few at a

time. Let bubble up but not boil.

Skim out the cucumbers and put into

cans. Put in more cucumbers and

continue in this way until all have

been treated. Pour the hot vinegar

over the pickles in the cans, and be-

fore screwing on the caps drop'three

or four slices of horseradish root on

top of can. Seal up hot. The sugar

can be left out, if one Wants to. I

put them up with and without sugar.

I have taken pickles to different gath-

erings and received many compliments

on their crispness._ I am an interest-

ed reader of the Michigan Farmer and

glean many'helpful suggestions there-

from.——Mrs. A. G.





Lady Jane Cake.



One cup of sugar, one-half cup of

milk, one-half cup of butter, two cups

of flour, three eggs, one teaspoonful

of baking powder, one cup of chopped

raisins, one cup of chopped nuts. Beat

the butter to a. cream and gradually

add the sugar then the eggs that

have been beaten light and when this

is creamed, add the flour, baking pow-

der and milk, lastly stir in raisins,

nuts and one teaspoonful of vanilla.





Bake 15’or 20 minutes in a moderate





0ven.-——Mrs. J. J. O’C.





Boil ten minutes.-





 





VAL!
VAL!





 





"JULY 17. 1915.





WWIHIWIHIHHIHHIIHIllllllllllllllllllllIllIllllllllmlllllllIlllWHllmlmHlllllllflflWlfl





FarmerS’fClubsg





mull!“IIIII|mlII|IllllllllIIHIIIIIHIIIIIIlllllllmllllUIIIIIIIIIIIlflllllfllllllllllllllllllflffi



Address all communications relative

to the organization of new Clubs to

Mrs. J. S. Brown, Howell, Mich.





lllllillllHHllIllllIlllll





Associational Motto:

“The skillful hand with cultured

mind is the farmer’s most valuable





Associational Sentiment:



“The Farmer: He garners from the

soil the primal wealth of nations.”

THE FARMERS’ CLUB IN MINNE—



SOTA.





 





(Continued).



Open with something that will stir

each one present. Good music is al-

ways appropriate. A roll call with

responses of a sentimental nature,

either quoted or original, is good to

break the reserve and formality which

usually obtains when people first as-

semble. Have good music, readings,

declamations, something in which the

young folks may take part, a subject

of interest to the women, a debate, a

short address, sometimes a “spelling

down,” in fact, anything that will

make the morrow just a little brighter

and more hopeful because of the

Farmers’ Club meeting. Do not allow

the program to become too sordid by

the discussion of business topics only.

An appeal to our better nature is de-

sirable. A simple lunch of sandwiches

and coffee has become a fitting close

to all Club meetings.



After the formalities of opening, the

chief subject for the meeting should

be considered for about forty-five

minutes. A leader should be in

charge, having been appointed by the

chairman at a previous meeting. Spe-

cial phases of the subject may be dis-

cussed at the leader’s request by in-

dividual members who have had pre-

vious notice and an opportunity to

make preparations. By this speciali-

zation, the best available thought on

the subject may be brought out and

those who do the work will learn how

to study and to express themselves.

In order to do this most effectively, a

certain time should be set aside each

day to devote to it, and after it has

been determined upon nothing should

be allowed to interfere with its prop-

er use. Half an hour a day thus used

will give surprising results in the

course of a few years. The time of

day selected is not so important as

that the time be regularly applied.

From eight o’clock until half-past

eight each evening would probably be

a convenient time for many.



Make use of all available literature

pertaining to the subject under con-

sideration. Many of the references

here given may be obtained for the

asking'and it is hoped through the

package libraries, now available and

in preparation, to provide Clubs with

the latest and best that has been

written on various subjects. Often a

book or magazine, a Farmers’ Insti-

tute Annual, or other printed material

may be borrowed from a neighbor;

the, school teacher frequently can

help, and if you are fortunate enough

to live in a county having a county

agricultural agent, or if you are 10‘

cated near either a high, a consolidat~

ed, or a graded school, you have at

hand a valuable source of informtion

from which you are sure to get help.

Avail yourself of all these sources

when necessary in your study and in

the preparation of Club work. Talk

with those who have had experience

or who know something about the

subject. Observe what has been done

by your neighbors and then read

everything you can find that pertains

to the subject. Don’t be satisfied un-

til you have done all this. Here,

again, is a geod reason why you

should have ample ~time for prepara.

tion.



(To be continued).





 

 





THE MICHI





EllIllIllIHIllllllllflllfllflfllflmmflIlllllflllllIllmfllllfllflflflfllflllllfllflllmlfllllfllllllllllllllfl





: Grange.





EllillllllllllllllfllllllllWill!lllllllflIIIIllllllllllfllfluflfllflllmflufllflllllflflflmllflulj





INTERESTING PROGRAM AT CAL-

HOUN POMONA.





llllllllllllllllllllllllll





 





A very successful and altogether

pleasant Pomona Grange meeting was

seld in Conri’s range Hall when that

Grange entertained Calhoun County

Pomona for its regular June meeting.



Following the usual social dinner

hour, and a brief business session, an

excellent program was given. Musical

numbers, both vocal and instrumental,

were pleasingly rendered by four

young lady members during the after-

noon.



A short paper, “Life is What we

Make it,” was read by Mrs. George

Pond. It was the expression of the

real character and high ideals of a

good woman.



“The Profession of Home Making”

was the subject very capably handled

by Mrs. Myrtle B. Voorhees. She said,

“The house is an architectural struc‘

ture built alone by hands. The home

is the work of the heart, furnished

and adorned by love. Home and its

people, little and big. is paramount to

every other interest, and exquisite

housekeeping is beautiful only as it

enhances the home life and comfort

of the individual dwellers.



When one pair of hands has to do





it all, a nice woman learns what kind,





of work to slight and still be a good

housekeeper, and find time for things

that are really worth wlile. Many

articles and garments may be care-

lessly ironed that the house wife may

find time to prepare wholesome, well-

cooked food for the family.



She said that housework becomes

more interesting to the young (laugh.

ter if simple experiments are tried in

the kitchen, and whys and wherefores

explained to her. She can understand

why soda makes the brown bread

sweet, why baking powder makes the

biscuits light. Why the soup bone is

put to boil in cold water and the roast

in hot.



"The Young Farmer and His Task,”

was the subject chosen by the Rev.

Ray W. Merrill, of Marshall, for the

address of the day. Mr. Merill’s sin-

cere interest in community welfare

makes him a most successful worker

in the great movement for rural life

betterment.



“The farmer of today has at his dis—

posal inventions that ingenuity has

contrived, for utility of time and la-

bor, and he goes out to action armed

with the tools of efficiency. He begins

with a new courage because he pos—

sesses a certainty of things, assured

by the knowledge of experts and

scientists who have solved some of

his problems for him, and who can

tell him things he needs to know.



“Every young man should know his

farm as to its elements of success or

failure. He must start intelligently

with regard to nearness of market

and soil fertility, and the right sort of

farmer will approach his task with

the idea that he does not yet know it

all, but has a great deal to learn.



“He must affiliate his life with that

of the community, thus will he find

Invigoration, vision, inspiration, and

power that elevates it above the life

of the individual.



_“The right sort of man approaches

hIS task with a spirit of challenge.

glad that he has a job big enough to

use 'all of his talents and call forth

application of all his brain power. His

great aim is to enrich and beautify

a place which is to be his home and

to make sufficient means therefrom to

provide for himself, his wife and his

family, the things of life which are

really worth while.”—Laura Minges.





COMING EVENTS.





 





A large union Grange picnic which

W111 be one of the best will be held in

Recreation Park, Ypsilanti, Saturday,

July 24, under the auspices of the Po-

mona Granges of the counties of

Wayne, Monroe, Jackson, Lenawee

and Washte’naw. If the weather is un-

favorable the Masonic Temple will be

used so, rain or shine, a large delega-

tion 15 expected from each of the

above counties. State Master John

C. Ketcham_and Past Master George

B. Horton Will give addresses





GAN FARMER





 





Not bleached.





 





’aua DAINTY MAID'

General Sales Agents:





 





No.11. , A





 





WHOLESALE ONLY.





."Onr Dainty Maid. "





New Century Co., Detroit





With Branches at Port Huron. Bay City. Grand Rapids. Saginaw





Insist on the cock with





Most grocers sell it.





 





Cleaning and grading

Fall Seed Wheat with

a]: _ Mill never

falls to mcmse the crop

5 to 14 Bu. per Acre.





If some of you gentlemen

_ who grow fall yvheat question

that assertion, Just drop me a line and I’ll over-

whelmayou With facts—actual c7‘op records made

. farmer-.- men who once “poo booed" cleaning

and grading Seed Whent.



You've ot rye. vetch, timothy, alfalfa or some other

grass see p at and cleaning. too The “Chntham” is

Just the thing for those jobs.



Next winter. the Chatham can grade and clean all your

spring seed—barb: . corn. oats,

clover, an all km _ n of crosses.



us: now my once. are low

and I give you I trial. 0

money asked til you are ent-

lulled. and power or gas.



Send postal for startling , /



foot: and record. I burn "





 





 





CASE Hay Presses will Inst. longer than any

Presses made and (lo very be t Wnl‘lx'. Require 2

ass men when equipped with CASE Hay Fork.





CASE Hay Presses g

%





Two sizes—l4 in. x 18 in. (3% to 5 tons) and

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and durable. Simple and safe Cooperate. thiI

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J. I. CASE THRESHING MACHINE (10.. Inc.

Dept.8l$. Racine.Wie.





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V'W‘ M "m

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Sior Women. Girls and Boys

Preferred for 20 Years.

Th0 OBLONG RUBBER BUTTON CLASP

iea sure protection for the stocking

i; Alkatyaur Store or lend lbcfor

.~: Gilligan’s ( ‘ve age) or 50c for





omens Bowen: (four).

GEORGE FROST 00.. nun—s,





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l





.J





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





SOS‘I’OR. ‘





 





 





When writing to advertisers please

mention The Michigan Farmer.





 





 





I





[ m I 122““





13—53





Best For Every Purpose





No matter when, where or what you may

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is guaranteed to give best results for all pur-=

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(ll)





HARNESS





HORSE





Made and Warranted by





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person.





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(5 Wheat Per Acre





 





Ask Your dealer Ior the labe|





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Sold by Dealer: or

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Cleveland, Ohio,





Detroit, Mich.

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Philadelphia, Pa.

Rate 25:: per line.)





Indiana Farmer,

Indianapolis, Ind.

The Progressive

Farmer





Dallas—Memphis.





Chlcaqull.





Prairie Farmer

Chicago.





Ft. Atkinson, Wis.

Wisconsin Agri-

culturalist,

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The Farmer,

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Topeka, Kan.

Oklahoma Farm

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Oklahom. Okla.





 





fields.





 





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Michigan Farmer,





Breeder’s Gazette,





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BEST FOR THE READER





THEREFORE





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)





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These publications are conceded to be the

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THE MICHIGAN FARMER'





v





JULY 17, 1915.





 





IE IlllIIIIIIIIIIINIllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllIllllllllllllllll||I|ll|IIIIIIIlllIIIIlIIIIIII||||IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIE





Markets. _





‘ llllllllllllllllllllllll|IIIIII||IIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIfi

W EATH ER FOR ECAST.





IIlllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllll‘ll

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII





El





 





For the week beginning Wednesday,

July 14, for the region of the Great

Lakes. A change to considerably cool-

er weather will overspread this region

about the 17th, which will be preced-

ed by showers and followed by fair

weather.





GRAINS AND SEEDS.





 





 





July 13, 1915.



Wheat—Wheat values kept within

a narrower range than usual this past

week, with the general tendency to-

ward a firmer market. Weather con-

ditions have been the most important

factor in price making, although the

crop in western Europe is below normal

due to a lack of moisture. In this

country harvesting has been delayed,

and if rains interfere much further, it

will be impossible to get any large

amount of the growing crop on the

market to satisfy those who wish to

fill July orders. This condition keeps

cash wheat prices higher than they

would otherwise be. Foreign buying

at present is not being carried on in

any large volume._ The visible sup-

ply decreased less than a million

bushels. A year ago No. 2 red wheat

was quoted locally at 85%c per bu.

Quotations are as follows:





No. 2 No. 1

Red. White. Sept.

Wednesday . . . .1.28 1.25 1.04 1,4

Thursday ...... 1.29 1.26 1.061/2

Friday . . ...1.28 1.25 1.07

Saturday ....... 1.29 1.26 1061/;

Monday ............. 1.29 1.26

Tuesday ....... 1.29 1.26 1.07

Chicago—July wheat $1.101/2; Sept.

$1.044?" ; Dec. $1.071/2.

Corn—Quotations in this depart-

ment continue to advance. Crop con-





ditions are largely responsible for the

change. There is some foreign de-

mand while domestic calls are normal.

Visible supply shows a decrease of

over a million bushels for the week.

The growing crop seems to be poor

all over the country. One year ago

No. 2 corn was quoted locally at 730

per bushel. Prices for the past week

are:





No. 3 No. 3



Mixed. Yellow.



Wednesday ......... 77 1/é 781/2



Thursday ........... 781/2 791/2

Friday .............. 9 80

Saturday ............ 80 81

Monday ............. 80 81

Tuesday ............ 80 81



Chicago—July corn 7670; Sept.





73.1c: Dec. disc.

0ats.~—Notwithstanding the fact that

crop conditions for this cereal are

favorable to lower values, quotations

in the local market for cash oats have

shown liberal advances during the

past week. The national crop report

indicates a yield of over 250,000,000

bushels more than that of 1914 and al-

so of the five-year average from 1909

to 1913. One year ago standard oats

were quoted at 411/2c per bushel. Vis-

ible-supply shows a million bushels





decrease. Prices for the past week

are: .

No.3

Standard. White.

Wednesday ......... 53 521/2

Thursday . ........... 54 53 1,5

Friday .............. 55 541/2

Saturday ............ 56 55%

Monday ............ 561/2 56

Tuesday ............ 561/2 56





t‘hicago.—~July oats 48.2c; Sept. 38c;

Dec. 0. .5c.



Rye—With the new crop promising

an acreage yield of a bushel above the

fivey'ear average, and scarcely any de-

mand, values have been marked down

liberally during the past week. Cash

No. 2 is now quoted at $1 per bushel,

while August is 94c per bushel.



Beans—The demand for beans is

light and prices are off another 5c this

last week. Detroit quotations: Cash

$2.80: Aug, $2.90. Chicago trade quiet

and steady. Pea beans. hand-picked

choice, quoted at $3.18@3.25; common

$3@3.15; red kidneys $3.25@3.65.





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





Flour.—Jobbing lots in one-eighth

paper sacks are selling on the Detroit

market per 196 lbs., as follows: Best

patent $6.50: seconds $6.20; straight

$61; spring patent $7.10; rye flour

6.10





Feed.—~ln 100-lb. sacks, jobbing lots

are: Bran $25: standard middlings

$29; fine middlings $32; cracked corn

$28; corn and oat chop $30 per ton. '



Hay.—Market is higher.- Carlots on

the track at Detroit are: No.1 tim-

othy $20.50@21; standard $20@20.50;

No. 2, $18.50@19; light mixed $20@

20.50; No. 1 mixed $18@18.50; No. 1

clover $14@15.





at $20 per ton;





New York—Shipping grades quoted,





Straw—Rye straw $9@9.50; wheat

and oat straw $7@7.50 per ton.





DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





Butter.—Heavy offerings caused a

decline of 1Ago; consumptive and stor-

age demands are good. Extra cream-

ery 261/2c; firsts 24340; dairy 210;

packing stock 190.



Elgin.—Market steady at prices 1,40

lower than last week. Quotations for

the week 261/20 per pound.



Chicago—Market is quiet and fav-

ors buyers. Prices are lower. Supply

large. Extra creamery 26%0; extra

firsts 25@251/zc; firsts 231,5@24c; sec-

onds 22@23c; packing stock 19@

1994c.



Poultry.——Market steady and quiet.

Hens are higher; ducks lower. Live.

——Broilers, No. 1, 23@24c; No. 2, 20@

21c; hens 15@151,éc; ducks 15@16c;

geese 10@11c.



Chicago—Market steady and quiet.

Fowls are %c higher than last week

but large supply will likely bring the

price down. Springs are in good de-

mand. Fowls, good weights 13c; spg

chickens 19c; ducks 130; young ducks

14@15c; geese 8@9c; spring geese 14

@15c; guinea hens $2.75@3 per dozen.



Eggs.——Moderate receipts and heavy

consumptive demand have advanced

price lc. Fresh stock sells at 181/60

per dozen.



Chicago—Market firm with prices

slightly better for good stock. De-

mand is good. Miscellaneous lots,

cases inculded 14@17c; ordinary firsts

151/2@16c; firsts 161/2@17c.



Veal.——Quoted steady at 13@13%C

for fancy, and 10@11c for common.





 





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





 





Strawberries. Steady and active,

prices unchanged. Quoted at $2.50@3

per busheL



Chicago—Market is quiet and sup-

ply small. Quoted at 90c@$1.15, ac-

cording to quality.



Raspberries.—Are in active demand.

Reds are quoted at $5@5.25; blacks at

$3.25@3.40 per 24-qt case.



Chicago—Market for blacks is easy

on account of liberal receipts. Reds

are in active demand and fair supply.

Quotations are: Blacks $1.15@1.25

per 16-qt. case; reds, $2@2.50 per 24-

pt. case; small and soft down to $1.25.



Gooseberries.—~Are selling well at

$2@2.25 per bushel.



Chicago.——Large, sound berries are

in good demand. Downings sell for

$2.15 per 16—qt. case; others 900@$1.



Blackberries.~——Active at $3@3.25

per 24-qt. case.



Chicago—Market quiet with supply

and demand fair. Eldorados, 24—qt.

cases, sell for $2.25@2.50.





WOOL.





Boston—Market continues to show

firmness with a tendency of prices up-

ward. Manufacturers are buying lib-

erally, While dealers who are in a po-

sition to hold their stocks appear not

at all anxious to sell. Fleeces are in

fair demand. Unwashed clothing is

nominally quoted at 24@30c; do comb-

ing 29@35c; do delaines 28@29c for

Michigan fleeces. The foreign market

is showing an upward trend, which is

encouraged by the predicted short

crop of Australian wool.





 





 





GRAND RAPIDS.





 





New home-grown potatoes brought

60@650 per bushel on the city market

Monday morning. They are being of—

fered quite liberally now and prices

may continue low. The strawberry

season will close this week, berries

bringing $2 per crate. Red raspber-

ries and blackcaps are coming on fast

now, with reds around $2.25 and black-

caps $2. Sour cherries are worth 750

per half bushel. Fresh eggs are bring-

ing 161/2@17c; dairy butter 20@21c.

The mills are paying $1.15 for wheat.





DETROIT EASTERN MARKET.





 





The farmers sold out early Tuesday

morning, buyers being present in

large numbers and disposed to take

products liberally. Prices, however,

were only about steady. Cabbage is

coming more freely and sells at 40@

500 per bushel; a few old potatoes

sold at 30c; black raspberries of good

quality $3.50 per 24—qt. case; good

strawberries $3.50 per 24-qt. case; cur-

rants 10 per qt; onions three bunches





for 250; celery 40c per large bunch.

No eggs nor butter in sight. Loose

hay is offered sparingly withsales





ranging from $21@23.50 per ton.





 





A basket picnic will be held by the

Oakland County Horticultural Society

at the Orchard Lake Hotel Gro_ve,.on

July 17, at 11:00 a. 7m. Topics of

fruit-growing interests will be given

and state fair plans will be discussed.

Everyone interested in horticultural

work is ..invited to. attend and become





a, member of the society.‘—'R. ..I....Cor— d

19.11.. ..See’y.... , . , . ,.





LlVE STOCK MARKETS.

Buffalo.





 





. July 12, 1915

(Special Report of Dunning & Stev-

ens, New York Central Stock

Yards, Buffalo, N. Y.)

Receipts here today as follows: Cat-

tle 215 cars; hogs 92 d d.; sheep and



lambs 20 d. d.; calves 1400 head.

With 215 cars of cattle on our mar-

ket here today, 20,000 reported in Chi-

cago and 10@200 lower, our market

on the best dry-fed steers of good fin-

ish and choice quality was about 10c

per cwt. lower than last Monday, but

all of the plain and medium dry-fed

cattle sold from 15@25c lower, and

grassers of all descriptions sold from

25@50c lower than last week. Our

advice to all shippers is to be very





careful on these grassy slippery eat- 750





tle; the butchers are very much dis-

satisfied with the kill of them and

they are bound to buy them lower or

not buy them at all, consequently we

advise very careful buying in the

country of anything below choice to

prime quality.



We had a lower market on all

weights of hogs today, although pig

stuff did not suffer as much in price

as strictly yorkers. Light mixed hogs

were not more than a nickel lower, but

strictly yorkers showed a 10@15c loss

from Saturday’s best time. Packers

bought the handy weights 'at $8.10,

with heavies at $7.75@8: yorkers $8.10

@815; pig stuff as high as $8.25;

roughs were extremely dull, best sell-

ing around $6.50 with common and

thin kinds from $4@5; stags $5@5.50.

Market closed rather quiet with about

everything sold.



The market was slow on lambs and

active on sheep today with prices 25c

lower than the close of last week;

most of the choice lambs selling at

$10. Look for steady prices last of

week with moderate receipts.



We quote: Lambs $9.50@10; cull

to fair $6@9; yearlings $7@8; bucks

$3@4.50; handy ewes $6@6.25; heavy

do $5@5.50: wethers $6.50@7.25; cull

sheep $3@4.50; veals, choice to extra

$10.75@11; fair to good $7@10.50;

heavy calves $6@8.





 





'Juiy 12, 1915.





Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Receipts today.».21,000 35,000 12.000

Same day 1914..14,770 25,576 21,434

Last week ...... 42,357 108,597 64,367

Same wk 1914..30,083 93,997 70,850





Shipments from here last week em-

braced 6,911 cattle, 25,586 hogs and

368 sheep, comparing with 12,895 cat-

tle, 17,325 hogs and 3,747 sheep for

the same week last year.



Hogs received last week averaged

238 lbs., comparing with 234 lbs. a

week earlier, 240 lbs. a year ago and

243 lbs. two years ago.



Buyers were slow in entering the

cattle market this morning, and at a

late hour little was accomplished, the

belief being that the choicer kinds

would go at steady to 100 lower

prices, cows especially were numerous

and not wanted except at reduced

prices. Hogs broke 5@100, the coars-

er lots of heavy packers weakening

the most. Sales ranged at $6.75@

7.75, with prime weighty pigs salable

up to $7.50. Spring lambs were called

fully 25c lower, with the best car lots

of natives at $9.25 and the best range

lots worth about $9.50.



Cattle underwent a boom in prices

last week that resulted in the best

class of cattle selling at $10@10.40 on

Wednesday, the high day. The top a

-week earlier sood at $9.95, four weeks

earlier $9.50, a year earlier $9.75, two

years earlier $9.15, three years ago

$9.75, four years ago $7, and five years

ago $8.60. As is often the case, the

market weakened and ruled sharply

lower on Thursday, despite the usu-

ally small run of cattle. The week

was not a favorable one for owners of

butcher stock not of the better class,

with grassy cattle strongly discrimi-

nated against. It was corn-fed cattle

that underwent the great advance.

The bulk of the steers offered on Wed‘

nesday, the high day Of the week,

went. for $8.90@10.25, while sales of

the poorer class of grass steerswere

made at $7@8. A common to fair

class of warmed-up steers sold at $8.10

8.75, while amedium class of'steers

brought $8.80@9.25, good steers bring-

ing $9.30@9.95 and choice beeves $10

and upward. The best prices were

obtained for prime weighty cattle,

while prime little yearling steers sold

at $10@10.40, with good yearlings of-

fered at $9.25 and over and sales all

the way down to $7.50@8.50 for the

commoner lots. Butchering cows and

heifers were active sellers when fat,

ordinary to prime offerings going at

$5.20@9.60. the best cows selling‘to a

limited extent at $7.50@8.50. A sale.

was made of 24 heifers averaging 790

lbs.. including seven steers at.$10.05.

Cutters went» at $4.60@5.15, canners

at $3.2v5@4.55 and bulls at .$5.25@8.‘

Calves soldanywhere from $5@8.~50

for heavy. weights up to $,10.25@11-.-35

for desirable light vealers; \An *ad:

vance to $11 for the best cattle is pre-

vic'ted‘ by many good judges. ,Good





Seattle advanced 25@4OC last week,





While grass cows and heifers were

that much lower.





Hog prices last week had some good'





rallies, with a later reaction. General

conditions seem to favor high prices

for the remainder of the summer pe-

riod,_with the exception of lower grade

packing s0Ws which will very likely

go lower. Recent receipts of hogs

have averaged 234 lbs., comparing

With 231 lbs. a week earlier, 241 lbs.

a year ago and 242 lbs. two years ago.

At times of late the Chicago packers

have managed to hold prices down

here by buying hogs in the west. At

the week’s close hogs sold at $6.75@

7.15 for coarse to good heavy packing

lots and at $7.20@7.80 for better offer—

ings, w1th prime light shippings hogs

at the top and the best heavy shipping

hogs at $7.55, while pigs brought $6@



. The spread in prices between

rough, heavy packing hogs and choice

barrows was the widest yet seen.



Spring lambs comprised most. of the

receipts last week. While everything

in the live mutton line brought ex-

tremely high prices, with lambs far

higher than in past summers, fluctua-

tions in values were large, packers

raiding the market after lively up-

turns in prices for lambs and sheep.

On Monday prime range spring lambs

brought $10, but On Saturday lambs

sold on the basis of $7@9.65, while

clipped offerings Went as follows:

Yearlings $6@8.25; wethers $5.75@

6.75; ewes $2.50@6; bucks and stags

$4@4.75.



Horses were marketed much less

freely than usual last week, but the

supply proved sufficient for the lessen-

ed domestic and foreign demand, and

prices were no more than steady.

Army horses were-salable at $135@

150 for riders and $145@210 for gun-

ners, while a few good commercial

chunks brought $210@240. Drafters

weighing from 1550 to 1750 lbs. were

valued at $185@285, farm chunks at

$60@200 and drivers $100@200. Wag-

gflers and expressers sold at $165@





MICHIGAN CROP REPORT.





 





Wheat. —Average estimated yield of

wheat in the state is 17.69, in the

southern counties 17.66, in the central

connties 18.24, in the northern coun-

ties 17.09, and in the upper peninsula

18.43 bushels per acre.



Rye.-The average estimated yield

of rye in the state is 15.06, in the

southern counties 14.88, in the central

counties 15.03, in the northern coun-

ties 15.12 and in the upper peninsula

18.38 bushels per acre.



Corn.~The condition of corn in the

state and northern counties is 71, in

the southern and central counties 70

and in the upper peninsula 79. One

year ago the condition of corn in the

state was 92.



Buckwheat.~—The acreage of buck-

wheat sown or to be sown as compar-

ed with last year is 91 in the state, 90

in the southern counties, 89 in the

central counties, 92 in the northern

counties and 101 in the upper penin-

sula.



Beans—The acreage of beans plant-

ed or to be planted as compared with

last year is 99in the state, 94 in the

southern counties, 103 in the central

counties, 107 in the northern counties

and 96 in the upper peninsula. The

condition of beans compared with am

average is 86 in the state, 85 in the

southern counties, 87 in the central

counties, 89 in the northern counties

and 102 in the upper peninsula.



Potatoes—The. condition of potatoes

in the state is 91, in the southern

counties 92, in the central counties

and upper peninsula 89, and in the

northern counties 93.



Sugar Beets.——The condition, of su-

gar beets is 93 in the state, 94 in the

southern counties, 91 in the central

counties, 92 in the northern counties

and 87 in the upper peninsula.



Clover.—The condition of clover as

compared with an average is 95 in the

state, 96 in the southern counties and

upper peninsula and 94 in the central

and northern counties.



Hay and Forage—The acreage of

hay and forage that will be harvested





as compared with last year is 93 in ‘





the state, 95 in the‘southern counties

90 in the central counties, 89 in the

northern counties and 98 in the upper

peninsula.





Peas—The, acreage of peas sown as





compared with last year is 94 in the

state, 95 in the southern and northern

counties, 90 in the central counties

and 103 in the upper peninsula.

Fruit—Prospect for average crop of

apples for the state is 50 per cent; of

peaches 56 per cent; of pears 40 per





cent; of plums 54 per cent; of grapes -





49 per cent; of raspberries and black-

berries 80 per cent. '

Peaches—The prospect for a crop of

peaches in the counties included in

the Michigan'fruit belt‘is as follows:

Allegan- 61; Berrien ‘ 88; Ionia , 75;

Kent 91; Ottawa 83; VanBuren 82;

Muskegon 58; Newaygo, 100; ,chana





83; 'Benzie 54; Leela'n'a'u 50;'Manistee_





52; Mason 70; average forvMichig'a‘n'.

fruit belt 73;?‘average _for">Michigan"

"fruit belt, 1914,42. ~ = -





 





“flWflI’” .





- -""
”'37- *-





“fl





 





or 1'00 lower than on Wednesday. .





JULY 17, 1915.





THIS IS THE FIRST EDITION.





The first edition is 'sent to those who

have not expressed a desire for the

latestpmarkets. The late market edi-

tion will be sent on request at any

time. ' ,





 





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





Thursday’s Market.

July 8, 1915.



- Cattle.



Receipts 1418. -The market at the

local stock yards was active in all de-

partments but receipts were far below

those of a. week ago and this was the

cause of the advance. Especially in

the cattle division. There is still no

sign of the yards opening for stockers,

feeders or milch cows and consumers

of beef can make up their minds that

they will find beef higher this winter

than it has ever been before, plenty of

light stockers are coming here every

week that should never leave the farm

and would not if the owner had feed,

but the farmer that has an abundance

of feed cannot buy anything to feed

and the little stuff goes to the butcher.



The cattle trade here was active

and dry-fed and good grass butchers

were 15@200 higher than last week

and all other grades were strong as

follows: '



Best dry-fed steers $8.25@8.50; best

handy weight butcher steers, grass

$7.25@7.75; mixed steers and heifers,

grass $7@7.50; handy light butchers

$6.50@7.25; light butchers $6@6.75;

best cows $6@6.25; butcher cows $56)

5.50; common cows $4@5; canners $3

@4; best heavy bulls $5.50@6; bolog-

na bulls $5@5.50.



Reason & S. sold Garber 2 bulls av

1225 at $5.75, 1 do wgh 1060 at $6.35;

to Bray 4 cows av 1100 at $6; to Ratt-

kowsky 2 do av 590 at $5.50; to

Thompson Bros. 6 butchers av 718 at

$6.80, 1 cow wgh 850 at $4.75.



Worthey sold Mason B. Co. 3 steers

av 1017 at $7.60, 1 bull wgh 1300 at

$6.



Haley & M. sold Bray 2 cows av

1135 at $6.10, 1 do wgh 1150 at $6.15;

to Resnick 2 bulls av 1125 at $5.50, 1

cow wgh 800 at $4; to Kamman B. Co.

2 steers av 900 at $7.40, 12 do av 930

at $7.30; to Sullivan P. Co. 2 cows av

1120 at $5.75, 10 butchers av 808 at

$7, 8 do av 740 at $6.65, 4 do av 1077

at $7.90, 3 do av 790 at $6.85; to Park-

er, W. & Co. 7 do av 703 at $6; to

Feldman 6 cows av 960 at $6.15: to

Hammond, S. & Co. 20 steers av 1011

at $8; to Thompson Bros. 1 cow wgh

1120 at $5.50, 1 heifer wgh 650 at

$6.75, 3 steers av 1033 at $7.25, 2 do

av 1130 at $6.40, 18 do av 993 at $6.75;

to Rattkowsky 4 butchers av 812 at

$5.15; to Garber 2 cows av 1300 at

$5.85.



Veal Calves.



Receipts 623. The veal calf trade

was not so active as on Wednesday

but prices averaged about the same.

The best brought $10.50@11 and me-

dium and common from $7@10.



Haley & M. sold Parker, W. & Co.

10 av 178 at $10.50. -



Roe Com. Co. sold Rattkowsky 6 av

180 at $10.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 7 av

180 at $11, 1 wgh 200 at $11, 9 av 160

at $10.50, 3 av 180 at $10.50.



Reason & S. sold Parker, W. & Co.

9 av 155 at $10.75.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts 1629. The sheep and lamb

trade was steady with Wednesday or

last week; a few extra fancy grades

brought $10.25@10.50, but bulk of

sales was $9.75@10 for lambs. Sheep

from $4.50@5.25. The close was steady.

Best lambs $9.75@10.25; fair lambs

$8@8.50; light to common lambs $6.75

@725; yearlings $7.50@8.50; fair to

good sheep $4.75@5.25; culls and com-

mon $3@4.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. &

Co. 15 yearlings av 75 at $7.75. 4 sheep

av 125 at $5, 8 lambs av 58 at $9, 9 do

av '60 at $9.75; to Thompson Bros. 8

sheep av 95 at $4.25, 10 yearlings av

70 at $7.50, 28 lambs av 68 at $10, 22

do av 52 at $9.50, 9 do av 65 at $10:

to Hammond, S. & Co. 16 sheep av 95

at $4.50, 8 lambs av 70 at $10.25; to

Thompson Bros. 22 do av 50 at $9.50,

44 do av 65 at $10; to Parker, W. &

Co. 112 do av 70 at $10, 15 do av 45

at $7.50; to Mich. B. Co. 10 sheep av

112 at $4, 4 do av 155 at $4.25, 4 year-

lings av 125 at $7.50, 6 sheep av 130

at $4.50.



Roe Com. Co. sold Barlage 4 year-

lings av 75 at $7, 2 sheep av 90 at

$5.40 lambs av 65 at $10.50; to Mich.

B. Co. 16 sheep av 130 at $4.70, 3 do

av 155 at $4.75, 5 lambs av 60 at $7.50,

godo av 75 at $10.25, 31 do av 80 at



Johnson sold Newton B. Co. 13

sheep av 120 at $4.50, 45 lambs av 75

at $10.



. Hogs.



Receipts 4525. In the hog depart-

meant nothing, was sold until late.

cago opened and closed 10c lower and

all ”grades. here will bring ' $7.80@7.85,





I





Chi- F





THE MICHI





Friday’s Market.

July 9, 1915.





Cattle.



Receipts this week 1842; last week

2280; market steady. Best dry-fed

steers $8.25@8.50; best handy weight

butcher steers, grass $7.50@8; mixed

steers and heifers $7@7.50; handy

light butchers $6.50@7.25; light butch-

ers $6@6.75; best cows $6@6.25;

butcher cows $5@5;50; common cows

$4.25@5; canners $3@4: best heavy

bulls $5.50@6; bologna bulls $5@5.50.



Veal Calves. '



Receipts this week 863; last week

1051; market strong. Best $11; oth-

ers $7@10.50.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this week 2075; last week



1883; market steady. Best lambs $9.75





@10; fair lambs $8@8.50; light to

common lambs $6.75@7.25; yearlings





$7.50@8.50; fair to good sheep $4.50@

5; culls and common $3@4.





Hogs.

Receipts this week 6934; last week

9640; market 10@15c lower on all

grades; $7.65@7.70.





LIVE STOCK NEWS.





The Brookwater offering of Durocs,

which will be sold at Brookwater

Farm, July 28, as announced on page

59 of this issue, will afford Michigan

farmers and breeders another opportu—

nity to buy foundation stock of the

best of breeding at sale ring values.

The quality of Prof. Mumford‘s Brook-

water herd is attested by the fact

that during the past year Durocs bred

at Brookwater Farm have been sold

into 19 states and Canada. The com-

ing sale will doubtless add other

states to this list, but the bulk of the

offerings should be kept in Michigan

to improve the herds of our own state

and to serve as foundation stock for

the establishment of other breeding

centers. The offering includes 53 head,

of which 36 are bred sows, mostly late

summer of 1914 gilts that were well

grown. Of these 18 are by the great

herd boar, Broosziter Cherry King,

first senior yearling boar and reserve

senior champion at the 1914 Michigan

State Fair, and 20 are bred to him.

Three service boars of quality and a

choice lot of spring pigs are included

in the offering. Write for a catalog

and be on hand at the sale.



The domestic consumption of fresh

and cured hog meats is extremely

large, being greatly stimulated by the

unusually high prices asked in the re-

tail butcher shops for beef and mut-

ton, with lamb chops retailing for 40

cents a pound in Chicago. The foreign

purchases, too, are extremely large.

and in a recent week exports of cured

hog meats from this country aggre-

gated 13,967,900 lbs, comparing with

17,452,900 lbs. a week earlier and only

4,690,200 lbs. for the corresponding

week last year. On the other hand,

our lard exports are showing all the

time a large falling off, and in the

week just referred to they aggregated

only 4,559,000 lbs, comparing with 6,-

491,000 lbs. a week earlier and 9.982,-

000 lbs. a year ago. Produce is made

rapidly, with large hog receipts at

leading receiving points, and up to re-

cent date western packers had slaugh-

tered since the first of March 1,511,400

more hogs than for the corresponding

period a year ago. Hogs continue to

sell at higher prices than at corres-

ponding dates in most former years.





 





A RAZOR SNAP.





A new lot of Imported German

Razors at 50 cents while the supply

lasts, is now offered by the Michigan

Farmer.



The razors are made of the best

German steel, five-eighth inch blade.

and black handle. We will not say

just what these razors ordinarily re-

tail at, as prices on razors vary with

each dealer, but we have seen razors

no better sold at $1.25 and $1.50.



Every man who shaves ought to

have at least three razors as it_is a

proven fact that giving a razor a rest

is beneficial to it, and here is your

opportunity to get a supply at very

little cost.



So, only while our present supply

lasts the price is 50 cents each, post‘

paig, or a half-dozen at $2.00, post-

pai .





 





A Strep Bargain, Too.





We also have a new lot of Presto

All-in-One razor strops that dealers

sold at $1.00 each. These strops are

made of finest horsehide leather and

one side is treated with All-in-One

solution which makes it possible to

put a hair-splitting edge on the dull-

est razor. It combines the strap and

bone in one.



The special price on the strop

alone, while the supply lasts, will be

50 cents, postpaid, but if ordered to-

gether with one of the above razors

the price of both will be only 75 cents

postpaid, or $1.15 with the Michigan

armer one year; $1.60 for three years

and $2.10 for five years.



This would make 9.





worth double the; cost.





nice present. 2





CAN ‘FARMER





'E





lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIl|||llllllIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





Veterinary.





Ei-‘IIIIllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllfi

CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.





E





llIlllllllllllllllllllllllllll





 





Indigestion—I have two young cows

which, so far as I can tell, are well,

but a stringy sort of substance forms

on inside of separator which leads me

to suppose that something may be

wrong. H. 8., Augusta, Mich—Give

your cows 1 oz. of bicarbonate soda.

1 oz. powdered charcoal and 1 oz. of

salt at a dose in feed night and morn—

ing.



Bursal Bunch—My seven-year—old

mare has bunch on side of fetlock

joint and am told it is sidebone. What

must I do to take it off? J. R., Yale,

Mich—Apply one part red iodide of

mercury and six parts lard to bunch

every week or 10 days and you will be

able to gradually reduce it. .



Grease Heel.——During the night the

leg of my horse becomes sore from

fetlock to knee and I have applied

different remedies without success. I.

Raynesville, Mich—Give 2 drs. of

acetate potash at a dose in feed or

water three times a day, also dissolve

1A, lb. acetate of lead, 14 lb. sulphate

of zinc, 1 oz. tannic acid in one gallon

of water and apply to sore leg three

times daily. He should be fed enough

grass to keep bowels open.



Obstructed Nasal Passage—I have

a pig about four months old that

breathes through his mouth as though

his nasal passages were blocked.

When in nest sleeping he breathes

through nose, but when excited or ex—

erted much he breathes through the

mouth. His throat appears to be some

swollen. W. N. A., Cadillac, Mich.—

Apply one part tincture iodine and

four parts camphorated oil to throat

daily. It. is possible that a surgical

operation on nose may be necessary

before he can breathe normally.



Wart on Shoulder—My mare has

what I call a wart on side of shoulder

which trace. rubs, causing it to bleed.

A. N. D., Montague, Mich—Cut wart

out and apply one part tannic acid

and three parts powdered alum to

wound twice a day.



Sore Tendons——Swollen Glands—

Corns—I have a driving mare which

when driven on hard road swells in

back tendons and travels some sore. I

also have a five-year-old horse that

had distemper last summer; since

then glands of throat swell. I would

also like to know if corns can be cur-

ed. R. B., Minden City, Mich—Clip

hair off tendons and apply one part

powdered cantharides and four parts

lard twice a month and it will

strengthen her weak tendons. y

one part iodine and nine parts lard to

swollen glands two or three times a

week. Corns are often the result of

leaving shoes on too long, or from a

bruise of some kind, such as leaving

the heels too high, or improper shoe-

ing. A removal of the cause will op—

erate as a remedy.



Colic—Indigestion—My eight-year-

old mare has light attack of colic two

or three times during the summer and

I would like to know how I can pre-

vent it. C. R., Mt. Clemens, Mich.—

Careful feeding and good care and

daily exercise will usually ward off at-

tacks of indigestion, that’s all that

you need to do to prevent your mare

having indigestion and colic.



Irritation of Skin—I have eight pigs

about three months old that have been

running on rape for about a month,

and now the skin on head and ears is

cracking and forming scabs. L. ' ..

Amble, Mich—Apply one part oxide of

zinc, four parts vaseline to sore parts

of body once a day, and give each pig

a half teaspoonful of cooking soda at

a dose in feed or water twice a day.



Cow Gives Bloody Milk—I have a

four-year—old cow that gives bloody

milk from one teat. The milk from

this quarter was free from blood in

the evening; next morning mixed

with blood. Miss E. D., Mt. Pleasant,

Mich—Dissolve 14 lb. sugar of lead,

2 ozs. of sulphate of zinc in a gallon

of water and apply to bruised quarter-

of udder two or three times a day.





Eczema-My horses are. troubled





 





 





15—55





with skin eruption, causing them to

itch and rub against stall partition

and bite themselves. These horses

are fed timothy, alfalfa and when fed

have some grain at each meal. Some

of the best authorities claim that al«

falfa can be fed freely with no ill

effect; therefore, I am at a loss to

know what brought this trouble on.

My spring pigs run in alfalfa pasture,

their ears and head and back are sore.

especially the white ones. L. A. B.,

Highland, Mich—Give your horses a

dessertspoonful of Donovan’s solution

at a dose in feed two or three times a

day and apply one part coal tar disin-

fectant and 30 or 40 parts water twice

a day and it will not do them any

harm to wet their whole body, leav-

ing this solution on to dry by evapor—

tion. A moderate amount of alfalfa

fed to them should do no harm. Ap-

ply one part oxide of zinc and five or

six parts. vaseline to sore parts of

pigs once a day.





Farms! and Farm lands For Sale

Riverview Farm





124 Acres, $4500, Easy Terms





Delightful money-making home in beautiful country.

overlooking river; near all conveniences including

pretty village with B. it. station; cuts 50 tons hay.

other big crops. spring-watered pasture for 25 cows.

valuable woodlot: orchard of bearing fruit, trees; 2-

story l4-room dwelling. running spring water, two big

burns. silo, ice house. other buildings; owner very old.

must. retire now; remarkable opportunity at only 845(1).

easy terms; photo of residence. full details and

traveling directions. page 16. "titrout's Farm Cata-

logue 38." write today for your free copy.

E. A. STROU’I‘ FARM AGENCY.

Station 101. University Block. Syracuse. N. Y.





’ .ontrolleyline and ma-

180 Acres! StOCky T0015, cadain road. One mile

to town of 15.000 and railroads. 3 dwelling houses. 6

barns and other buildings. A fine farm. 15 head cat-

tle, .3 horses. mower. corn harvester. plows. barrows.

rake. 4 wagons. grain drill, bean harvester, otnto

digger. and all small tools. All for $11,000; 34.5 cash.





 





 





 





 





10 years’ time on balance. This is the best bargain I

know of along River. HALL'H FARM AGENCY.

OWEGO, TIOGA COUNTY, NEW YORK.





 





 





The State for Thrifty Farmers. Delightful, healthy

climate. Good Land, Reasonable lgrit-cs. Close to big

'-.. markets of large cities of the set. Send for free

\\ descriptive booklet & mag; \

.l ‘11 STATE BUREAU 0 IMMIGRATION,

' _ 65 Hoffman Building, Baltimore, Md.





when you can buy the

best farm land in Michi~

gan at from $12 to $20 an





acre on easy terms. Write for particulars.

STA FFELD BROTHERS. Owners.

15 Merrill Bldg, Saginaw. West Side. Mich.





F R E E LA N D-"Mh‘" dist-rib"-



0 tion of choice

land. part of Demonstration Plantation. the SHOW

plantation of the South. FREE to people having it.

improved Within five years. Need never live on the

land. Address Commissioner H. L. Holmes. Block

163, Calvert. Alabama for particulars.





 





 





 





 





P‘OR SALE—168 A. near Big Riipids, 100 A. improved. Balance



wood timber and pasture land. Soil is clay loam. 5.6 sand

loam. Enclosed by wuvcu wire fence with cod .rposts. Good

basement. barn 40x50 ft. Concrete SO-ion silo. l'i-rooni house.

Spring creek. 4 mi. from good market iiiid it. It. Price $4,500.

DAVID MANEY. 146 Rust Ave . Big R ipids, Michigan.





 





FARMfor sale. 75 acres, good barn, house needs some



repairini; gravel loam soil, about 60 acres plow

land. no cat oles, 2% miles from good city, owned by

man too old to look after. 89 years. Central Mich. 82000

taken some, going quick. Frank Rice. Bennington. Mich.





58 acres; 40 acres bottom.

Tennessee Farms- Young orchard; ten-room

dwelling and other improvements. Five miles from

County Bent. Similar bargains. See them with crops

on them. Free list. Jenkins dc Son. Hnntingdon,’l‘enn.





 





 





1:0R SALE—iii Ncwnygo County. fine fruit and dairy farm.

Consisting of 280 acres. For particulars write the owner.





WM. HUN’I‘OUN, It, ll, 1. 'l‘win Lake. Michigan.





 





—most profitable general farm-



Barry COUHlY Farms iiig section in State. Real liar-



gains. Write for list A Benham d. Trim. Hastings, Mich



wANTED—To hour from owner of good form

or unimproved land for sole.





H. L. Downing, I04 Palace Bldg.. Minneapolis, Minn.





 





 





We are commission merchants





Poullry, Calves, Eggs, Frmls and chelables.



Will be pleased to quote market on iequest. When



writing state what you want quotations on.



NAlMA NN COMMISSION COMPANY.

Eastern Market. Detroit, Mich.





I IAY OUR NEW LOCATION——

623.625 Wabash Bldg. Pittsburgh. Pa.



Damel McCaffrey's Sons Co.

FARMERS—We are paying from one to three cents

‘ above the highest official Detroit. Market

quotation for your eggs shipped direct. to ”H by ex~





prom-i. Write us for information. It will pay yoii.

American Butter & Cheese Co.. Detroit, Mich.





FRUIT Growers.we want your entire

crop. Highest market prices

Write for stencil. THE E. L.

Richmond Co.. Detroit.Mi(-h.

W ' 'f .

CULl. BEANS FOR FEED. Wrasse:





YOUNG-RANDOLPH SEED (30., Owosso. Mich.





Good Feed —— Cheap.





Salvage grains. The Bartlett Co.. Jackson. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





turns it out of horses way, no waste of seed.





Saves seed and leaves.





BUN:





Make more money on your clover. alfalfa. timothy. peas. flax. vetch, 50’

beans—all short grain crops. bv using the Thombnrgh'Side-Delivery Buncher and Windrower.

Save waste of time, seed, fodder. Chit liners. Oregon. writes. “Best assistance I‘ve had in 16

years. Cute 3. third more acres in half the time, outs clean, puts hay in shape for quicker loading.





- - Leaves crop in either loose bunches or windrows.

EaSIIy AllaCth *0 nag ”o‘er Heads and leaves in center. stemeout to dry quick.

0 taking or tedding. Buncher can be folded for moving.



7 not. necessary to detach. Thornbur h Bunchers used in every state. Post-

‘ tlvcly warranted to work right.

for catalog. Mention dealer’s name.





(I .,

., tin P T l . ..

Hamilatgn, Sufi-anofilin'go,m(?al. Freeman dc Son. Po





 

 

 

 





 





 





iii-z'i'iEAiiLiiviii'ETmWER





   

   

 

 





 





 

 





she little—pays for itself every day. Write

Write nearest distributor or to us.

G't Northern Imp. Co.. ”huh, Minn.





   

   

 





 

 

 





ha, Nab.

. I“O. Plow o Kansans?“ Mo. P. % (I)f “£300;

. . ('IBCO ai . at

n r rdond. Ore.





THE THORNBURGH MFG. CO.

Bowling Green. Ohio
THE MICHIGAN FARMER‘ ..





mm} '17. 16157 ’4





 





56—16, _

IE!IlllllllIllllllllllIlllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllmIlllllllllllll|llIlllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllIllllllllHllllIlllllllIlllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllg

E ' o E

E ‘ g

ElllllllllllIlllllllllllllllll|IIIIllIIllIlllllllIlll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllg





Extending the BerryMarket





How it is Possible to Send Perishable Fruit

‘to Distant Consumers.





F raspberries were carefully band-



led they could be satisfactOrily



shipped much farther than the dis-

tance which is now regarded as the

limit for successful marketing.



The most common causes of decay

in berries'while in transit or after ar-

rival on the market are mold fungi,

usually gray mold or blue mold. Neith-

er of these fungi is likely to injure

firm, sound berries but the spread

quickly where the fruit has been in-

jured in handling or is over—ripe and

soft. In this respect the successful

shipping of raspberries presents the

same problem as the successful ship-

ping of oranges. Previous experiments

in Florida have demonstrated that

where oranges are carefully harvest-

ed, crops can be marketed with al-

most no appreciable loss and the same

appears to hold true with raspberries.



Some Significant Results.



In 1911 the government investigat-

ors made comparative tests of the

keeping qualities of carefully handled

raspberries and commercially handled

raspberries. Several lots of each kind

Were held in an ice car for varying

periods and then examined for the per-

centage of decay. Other lots were

held a day after being withdrawn

from the refrigerator car and then ex-

aminedf The results are most signifi-

cant. *



After four days in the ice car it was

found that the carefully handled ber-

ries showed only 0.4 per cent decay,

while the commercially handled fruit

had 4.6 per cent. After eight days in

the car the difference was vastly

greater. The carefully handled fruit

showed only 2.2 per cent decay, but

with the commercially handled this

percentage had risen to 26.7, or more

than onefourth of the entire ship-

ment. When the fruit was examined

a day after it had been taken out of

the ice car, the evidence was equally

strong in favor of careful handling.

Carefully handled fruit that had re-

mained four daysin the car was found

a day after its withdrawal to show

only one per cent of decay against

17.5 per cent in commercially handled

berries. Carefully handled fruit left

in the car eight days, and then held

one day, shov‘ved only 8.1 per cent of

decay as against 47.6 per cent in com-

mercially handled fruit.



Reduced the Loss by Nine-tenths.



The following year experiments

were made with actual shipments in-

stead of with the stationary refriger-

ator car, and the results confirmed

previous conclusions. lt was found

for example, that there was less decay

in the carefully handled berries at the

end of eight days than in the commer-

cially handled berries at the end of

four. Carefully handled fruit that was

four days in transit, and had then

been held one day after withdrawal

from the refrigerator car showed less

than one per cent of decay, whereas

commercially handled berries subject-

ed to the same test showed nearly 10

per cent.



Pick with Three Fingers.



The difference between the carefully

handled and the commercially handled

lots of berries consists chiefly in ex-

tra care in picking and in the scrupu-

lous exclusion of any soft, over-ripe

berries. Ordinarily the picking is done

by unskilled labor, children being fre-

quently employed in this way. It is,

of course, extremely difl‘icult to make

them realize the necessity. for care,

but the comparative success of certain

growers in keeping down their losses





.-..~.....~..._,......,_a “Mannafim ,_ __ ,__,





shows that much improvement in this

respect is possible. The most com-

mon injuries to the berries are due to

their being broken and bruised while

being removed from the bushes or be-

ing mashed in the hand while picking.

If the berries are pulled with three

fingers instead of two, and pulled off

straight instead of sidewise, much loss

can be avoided.

Keep Out Over-ripe Berries.



Another cause for decay is the in-

clusion in shipments of over-ripe ber-

ries. Because of the danger or injury

in. sorting it is not possible to grade

the berries after they have once been

picked and placed in the cups. The

pickers, therefore, must be instructed

to pick only sound berries. If the

patches are picked over once a day it

is much easier to enforce this rule. If.

they are left unpicked two or three

days there will be such a large propor-

tion of over-ripe berries that some of

them will inevitably find their way in-

to the cups intended for long~distance

shipments. A soft berry will not only





The Power





HE instinct. to copy is by no

means dead in the American

people. Their reputation for do-

ing old things new ways is well earn-

ed and it cannot be denied that they

have made many valuable contribu-





tions to the world in the way of in-.





ventions; nevertheless, they are prone

to copy the same as older civilizations.

And communities have advanced

thrOugh this habit 'of doing what oth-

ers have done, or in other words, of

being moved through example to un-

dertake the introduction of new insti-

tutions and methods.

A Van Buren County Example.



The successful work of the co—opera-

tive association at South Haven, Mich-

igan, has been closely watched by oth-

er conimunities near by. The better

prices received for fruit and the or-

derly manner in which the association

is able to handle the business for

which. it was organized, have been im-

pressed upon those living outside the

reach of this particular association,

but close enough to learn the inns and

outs of the organization and manage

ment. As a result of these impres-





sions other communities have conclud-

ed that they, too, should be served by

similar associations, and so we see an-

successful





other organization doing





soon break down and decay itself but

by offering an opportunity for mold to

develop'will contribute to the decayof

the entire cup. This point, the gov-

ernment investigators say, can not be

too strongly emphasized.



Weather Conditions an Important



Factor.



With the best of care, however, the

weather must remain a very important

factor in determining the success of

shipments. During wet, rainy periods

the berries become soft, very tender,

and full of moisture. In this condition

they break down readily and are not

suitable for long shipments. During

protracted periods of wet weather,

therefore, picking becomes impracti-

cable and the berries tend to become

over-ripe. During 1911, for example,

the weather was so .sunny that a very

large percentage of the berries could

have been shipped fresh. In 1912, on

the other hand, only half of the crop

was shipped fresh and the remainder

had to be canned. '



Investigations were also made into

the value of pre—cooling. The result

brought out clearly the fact that pre-

cooling is of great service and value

to raspberries that are in maximum

good condition. The p’recooling, bew-

ever, must be done promptly and thor-

oughly to be of greatest value. It can

not, moreover, be depended upon to

counteract the bad effects of careless

handling. Unless the berries are prop-

erly handled and the pre—cooling

prompt and complete there is little re-

turn from the extra expense.





of Example





business at Hartford and still another

(reorganized on the new plan) at

Fennville. Other neighboring com-

munes are seriously considering the

matter of organizing and the success

attending the work of the associations

already operating will be a persistent

incentive for these unorganized farm-

ers to attempt the community plan of

Selling.

Hillsdale’s Method of Propagating

Societies.



An even more impressive example

of the influence of successful co—oper-

ation is that of the creamery at Jones-

ville, Hillsdale county. The readers of

this paper have been informed of the

development of the co-operative spirit

in this community particular through

the writings of Mr. Kaiser, so that

they need not be retold of the steps

that have led to the organization of a

score of community “uplifters” in

Hillsdale and Branch counties. But

the fact is apparent to everyone ac-

quainted with the growth of this work

in that section of Michigan that the

parent association at Jonesville is

Very largely responsible for the new

order of things. It was from the suc-

cess of that institution that the found-

ers of the new organizations got their

suggestions and inspiration. They saw





 





and were confident that what others

were doing at their front door, they

could do and they are making goOd.



There is no dodging the well-grOund-

ed fact that example is the strongest

kind of an argument to lead men on.

One may talk until his cptiCS fail and

hardly get so much as a square look

from those to whom he is appealing,

but let him merely point his finger

and say “there it is,” and his audience

is at once all attention, ready with a

hundred questions relating to the

“hows,” “whys” and “whens.”



A Good Teacher.



And, too, example seems to be the

best teacher. When a farmer visits

one of these co—operative organizations

and sees how the work is carried on,

talks with the management and the

farmers who are delivering their pro-

ducts and discovers that many of the

things he thought to be very complex

are comparatively simple, he secures

a far better working knowledge of the

institution than could be obtained

from the platform or the printed page.

The speaker or writer might introduce

him to these new things, but this visi-

tation gets him actually acquainted.

He knows something then that will

not leave him.



Understanding the value of acting

carefully and building firmly, one still

feels that the advantages of these or-

gnizations might be extended more

rapidly and still not endanger the fu-

ture through failures. Having a knowl-

edge of the benefit of example an ef-

fort should be made to see that many

communities are inoculated with the

idea that these co—operative associa-





tions could’render a real economic ser-,





vice. It would be a proper and profit-

able motion for the Grange meeting,

the gathering of the Farmers’ Clubs,

the social betterment organization, or

other rural societies, to authorize the

appointment of a committee to inves-

tigate co-operative associations that

may be doing business within a rea-

sonable distance. If two or three live

members would Spend two or three

days where they could see and hear

things first-handed they could and

would give a report that would awak-

en the home society from its sleep.



So why not use this power of exam-

ple to stir up the home community to

a knowledge of new things?





lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIll“!IlllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllIIIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllll





Crop and_M_ar_k_et Notes.





Michigan. .



Lapeer Co., July 7.—Weather is cool

for corn, which is small. Yield of hay

on old meadows light, new meadows

good. Spring seeding an extra good

catch. Wheat fields are splendid. Oats

and barley will be an average crop.

Beans were planted late and therefore

not very large yet.- A large acreage

of potatoes planted. Apple prospects

are poor. Very few peaches and

plums. Wool, 20@3OC; butter 200; but-

ter-fat 230; spring pigs $3 each.



Livingston Co., July 6.—Hay will be



a light crop, but not much cutting

done yet on account of wet weather.

Wheat, rye and oats promise bumper

crops. New seeding is looking good.

Corn has not made very large growth

on account of cold weather. Beans

are looking fine but will be late.

There willbe a fair crop of apples,

plums and peaches. W001 300; 'w-heat

$1.20; beans $2.60, hand—picked; oats

45c; corn 35c per basket; butter 20c;

eggs 160. ‘

. Hillsdale Co., July 6.—-Farmers are

in ,the midst of haying, having been

hindered considerably by wet weather.

The hay crop will average better than

usual. The first cutting of alfalfa was

good, but difficult to get, on account

of continued rains. Wheat promises

to be a good crop; oats are looking

fine; corn is backward; cherries and

raspberries are abundant. The peach

and plum crops promise to be fairly

good. Apples will be a good yield in

well cared for orchards. Eggs 16c;

butter 20c.



Branch Co., July 3.—Haying is just





begun and promises good crop. Wheat 3'





and rye fair. Oats fine; beans up and

most of cabbage planted. Potatoes

are good. Corn is rather small. Cher"-

ries good crop with fair prospects fer

other fruits. Butter—fat 27c; corn 730':

oats .450; potatoes 25@30c; butter

249; eggs 16c. Have had plenty‘rof

rain for a few weeks, but had been





. rather cold; weather fine DOW. ,





New York. ‘ '

Columbia Co., July 5.4;Theltimoth‘y

crop is almost entirely a failure; few
..__.___.)





 





 





 





JULY 17-, 1915.





 





 





 





meadows worth cutting. Very little

clover ‘or alfalfa grown here. ’ Corn is

late but‘is now growing well. Rye is

good and abundant. Rains have given

oats a fine promise. Early potatoes,

also beans, will be a good crop. There

is a fair crop of apples, pears and

plums but no peaches. Milk $1.40 per

cwt; butter 35@37c; eggs 280.





Pennsylvania.





Lancaster 00., July 3.—Hay half a

crop. Corn, potatoes and beans are

good. Tobacco started nicely. Apple

and pear trees seem affected with the

blight. Peaches and plums look good.

Milk $1.85 per cwt; butter 35c; eggs

200; cherries 8c per quart; corn 87c;

oats 650.



Ohio.



Columbiana 00., July 6.—Have been

having very wet weather for the last

two weeks. But little hay has been

made thus far; the yield of clover is

good, while timothy will be light.

Wheat is ready to harvest, but the

ground is too soft for the binder; the

yield'will be fair; Oats have grown

an abundance of straw and are head-

ingwell. Corn is disappointing, but

potatoes are looking good. Prospects

are excellent for both early and late

apples.‘ Peaches are promising, but

pears and plums will furnish a small

yield. Wool sold around 300; milk 200

per gallon; butter—fat 24c; eggs 200.



Fairfield 60., July 4.——The weather

has furnished too much rain. On well

drained land corn is doing well, else

where it is very poor. Wheat has been

damaged by storms, rust and the fly.

Ground is so wet that binders cannot

run. Acreage of cats is small but con-

dition is fine. Rye is good, also beans.

Potatoes are very promising. There

will be plenty of cherries, early and

late peaches and plums. Pears are

poor on account of blight. Wheat

$1.15; corn 800; oats 550: wool 28c:

milk 13@14c per gallon; butter-fat

23c; eggs 15c; chickens, young 180;

hens 12c.



Indiana.



Noble 00., July 7.——This has been a

very cool, wet spring and early sum-

mer. All crops are backward. Wheat

is harvested. Oats and grass will be

good crops. Corn and potatoes need

warm weather. Young alfalfa is doing

fine. Prospects are good for apples.

pears, plums, raspberries and black

berries. A fairly good hay crop is being

cared for. But. little stock is being

marketed except hogs, which bring

around $7.50 per cwt. Butter 23c;

eggs 17c; lard 1295c.



Wisconsin.



Polk 00., July 6.-—Hay is very heavy

and cutting has begun. Small grains

are looking fine, but corn is backward.

Pastures are good; alfalfa seeding is

looking fine. Hogs $6.90; cattle $6:

chickens 100; butter 31c: eggs 17c.



Wausahara 00., July 5.—Clover hay

is being cut and stand is good; Old

meadows poor. Rye and cats are prom-

ising. but corn is small. Late planted

potatoes are coming up nicely. Apple

trees are loaded with fruit. Hogs

$6.75@7; eggs 150; wool 27c.



Waukesha Co., July 7.——There is

much hay down and the crop is good.

Grain is above the average, excepting

corn. Both potatoes and apples prom~

ise well. Milk is selling at $1.35 per

cwt., and collected by condensory.





Minnesota.



Stearns 60.. July 5.~With the ex-

ceptiOn of corn, crops are in good con-

dition. The expected crop is only six

inches high now and is the important

product of farmers here. Hay is doing

fine but ground too wet for cutting.

Although rye froze it will probably

come along all right. Hogs are being

marketed immaturely because farmers

fear cholera.





NATIONAL CROP REPORT.





 





The composite condition of al the

crops of the United tates on July 1

was 2.3 per cent above their ten-year

average condition on that date, as

compared with a condition 1.6 per

cent above average June 1, indicating

a slight improvement in crop pros-

pects during the past month. Final

yields per acre of crops last year were

about 2.3 per cent above average. This

year, however, the total acreage in

cultivated crops is slightly more than

last year. -



The growing condition of the vari-l

ous crops on July 1, expressed in per-

centage of their ten—year averages

(not the normal) on July 1 was as fol—





   

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   





THE MICHIGAN FAR'VMER





 





 

 

   

 

 





’ Favorite





 

 

 

 





sport than any other make of guns in the world.





results that flatter any make of gun?





For the right dope—see the Remington-UMC Dealer.

displays the Red Ball Mark of Remington-U M C—the sign

that his store is Sportsmen’s Headquarters of the town.





' Shotguns and the

iii; “Speed Shells”





“Dope” on shooting is plentiful. And

shooters know where the right dope comes \‘\

from-and that it leads straight to Remz'ngton- UM C .





HE Remington-UMC Pump Gun and Autoloading Gun -— these are the

g shotguns of today. Adopted everywhere, for use in the field and

traps-shot by more of the men who are setting the pace in the





In the matter of Shells—where is the sportsman who does

not know the Remington-UMC “Speed Shells,” Steel Lined-—

all the drive of the powder kept back of the shot, and showing





Remington Arms-Union Metallic Cartridge Co., Woolworth Building (233 Broadway) New Yorl: City





 

 





ver the





. 9'1. \





 

 





He





 





LiVestock Profits





KeepaCan of Zenoleum always handy-it'sfihe best live g \; ‘

stock meit-lnournnco on earth. Its use as a disinfectant and , . ,. ,

germicide insures the destruction of all germs and insectsuthat g

prey on cattle. hogs and sheep. This powerful onfo germimde '





kills lice. mites. sheep _ COA L‘ TAR





cattle.





 





1 f \.\

DISINFECTANT-DIP - 3"“, ..,,

Used and Endoned by 50 Anicultural Caller” ‘ "



No other live stock remedy is so highly regarded by breeders and live stock author-

ities. For twenty years it has stood every test. Chen 1' than home-made mixtures and

absolutely reliable. Sends dollar bill for n can of enoleum postpnid. sufficient to

make 50 zillions of positive disinfectant. Full gallon can to make 100 gallons. $1.60 nah

eel post pair. If it Is not all you think it ought if) be you get your money back: no

3., M” .L up ' argument—inst money back. Write for ZENNER 9 VETERINARY ADVISER. FREE.



‘ l ,. if ‘





El #51: 5‘ ZENNER DISINFECTANT COMPANY. 200 Lnfnyetto Av..Detrolt.Mich.





—————-———"-





 





0 Mr ’ \--.~ .

ticks; cures manger , 3 . '5 ' »

scab. skin troubles. ‘ . , 1 , ‘ 7 p .. \

sores, wounds and ' , ' s . J ‘\



revents abortion ' , ‘ ', -' Q .1 .R ' \ _~ ‘l





 





 





lows: Peaches 130.3; oats 112.9;

hemp 111.7; barley 111.0; spring

wheat 110.8; millet 108.6; apples





107.8; clover 107.5; strawberries 107.2;

blackberries 106.2: pasture 105.8: tim-

othy 104.6; hay 104.3; potatoes 104.1;

sorghum.103.8; alfalfa 103.6; tobacco

103.5; Winter wheat 103.3; cabbages

103.2; onions 103.2; rice 103.1; hops

103.1; kafir 103.0; sweet potatoes

102.8: rye 102.3; sugar beets 102.3:

field beans 102.1; broom corn 102.1:

tomatoes 101.8: flax 101.5; pears

100.6; cotton 100.5; peanuts 100.0:

watermelons 99.6: cantaloupes 99.1;





 





 





You can out easier with a pair of shears near the pivot than

out at the points. The last. of a. out 18 the hardest because the

fodder is pushed one way or the other. Our inward shear

finishes the out near the main shaft and under the belt; not

way out at the point as in other machines. This feature of the





(ZILIUIILAIJKT





ENSILAGE CUTTER





 





ring Inward Shoot





If you cannot buy a CLI-

nix alone. buy with your

neighbor. Tell your thresh-





or-man toinvestinto it! is fully explained in our FREE CATALOG. which also





greater durability and

convenience. If we have

no agent or dealer in your

locality. got in touch with

us at once. Auk I nor.





explains the power of the feed rolls to draw the fodder in

factor. Saves time and labor. The three closed elbows enable

on to maintain full pressure into any silo.

sure to examine these exclusive features of the CLIMAX

before Jan buy any machine.

Sand for FREE 00mm Today. Attractive Proposition For Live Dealers.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





oranges 99.0: grapes 98.3; corn 95.9;

sugan.,cane 90. . . » , .





"l. .I.z'l.... ..





 





.Wh‘en Writing to Advertisers please

mention the Michigan Farmer.





 





 





 





l





 





Pll THRESH YOUl





Grain this year with the





ELLIS GHAMPIUN THRESHER





using your gasoline engine. 54 years

on the market. Four sizes, 300 to

1000 bushels per day. Qto 10 H.

P. Grain ready for market when

market is best. Ask for catalog 6.





J. M. PRESTON COMPANY.





LANSING. MICHIGAN

lWrite, Phone or Wire!





Ehave thestock and can make

W immediate shipment. enabling _./-/—en«\:.\.

you to preserve 100 per cent of | I “1*.

your corn crop in the l ”I 4. E El:

EM. Ill

Ill :5"! I ll





llflgtfi$*4\





Easy to erect. No Special tools or skilled

labor neederL Every stave guaranteed.

You pay for the Indiana Silo out of what it

saves on feed bill. Addms nearest oflice.

THE INDIANA SILO CO.

Anderson. Ind. Des Biol-es. [own

Innu- City. lo. It. Worth. 'l‘oxnu





 





 

 





     





 

   





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





   





 





 

 

 

 





BRASS BAND





Lyon & Body Band Instruments have ‘3

beenconsiderod the stand- f

nrd for fifty years. Send for '

our big, new, bond catalog.

containing full information

for bondmon. If you wish to





. save you



money. all us what instru-



t you Ire in. W



LYON a; HEALY

£148 Ads-Io BL.





LIGHTNING RODS





6%0 set foot. Best quality soft copper cable made.

Buy ingot. Freight propold. 0. 0 D. and 30 dow'

trial. “infection guaranteed. Complete install-

aig directions. Valuable catalog free. , .



oblnnon & deel 00.. 80:5. Wnahingtonville.Pn.
w”,





.. r, ~ Sw‘w.»nb-flu..;in»m‘ w...»- - :.;.~-;.-.~i.. . _,-,,» ~ ~-'-- . -





58—18

CHICKEN MITES.





Prof. A. H. Hunter states that the

chicken mite, may be styled “the wolves”

of the insect parasites of fowls.” . In-

stead of feeding upon the body excretions,

feathers, etc., of the few], as do the hes,

the food of mites is blood. It is only

when engorged with blood that they are red.

Their natural color is a light gray. The mites

hide in crevices and under objects in the hen-

house during the daytime, while the chickens are

outside, and lie in wait for their return. They are

worse than lice and for this reason one should

do everything in their power to destroy them.



hey remain upon the fowl only long

enough to secure a meal.



The poultry raiser well knows how unpleasant

it is to become covered with mites when entering

a house to spray any liquid preperation, to

say nothing about the, hard work._ This is no

longer necessary as there is an effective and pos-

itive way of killing these mites by fumigation

which is play, and not work. These _fumigators

are sheets of paper, six by eighteen inches, sat-

urated with material that is volatilized' when

slowly burned. Two fumigatcrs will fumigatea

ten by twelve foot henhouse. They are put up in

packages of two fumigators for twenty-five cents.

five for fifty cents. and twelve for one dollar. and

are manufactured and guaranteed by F. A.

Thompson & Company, 527 Trombley Avenue.

Detroit, Mich.





POULTRY.





BARRED PLY.‘ ROCKS





First prize winners at Chicago. Cincinnati.

iJmi“m iiipom' elaii' t b d t l

E f om fine ti ity stings a are re _ o ay,

$1.5g‘iiserr15, 84 per 50, $7 per 100. From best exhibition

pens $10 per 15, 825(per 50. Prompt delivery and good

hatch guaranteed. . Earl Hoover, RJ. Matthews.lnd.





 





H s $1.50 each. e with the kick in

311’de "00k mg. 15 for 31.25. 333 56. baby chicks 100

315. W. O. OOFFMAN. R. No. 6, Benton HarborJhch.





—Start right with your Barred's

Barf‘d Hock EKE‘ with eggs from a pen direct from

Bradley Bros. Yards. A. A. Pattullo, Deckerville. Mich





ARRED ROCKS. Parks ZOO-Egg strain. A strain

B with Egg records to 271 eggs 8. year. 51 50 per'lfi.

Delivered by Parcel Post. Fred Astling, Constantine, Mich.





ARRED Rock egss from Barred Rocks that are

barred to the skin. also eggs from S. S. Hamburgs,

it. C. White Legliorns, White Runner Ducks. White Holland

Turkeys. Circular free. Rivcrview Farm. R, 8, Vassar. Mich.





B u R k 3 out of 4 firsts Chicago, 1914. Eggs hsl. of

I1 00 S: season 81.50-15: 86-100. s. c. Buff Leg-

horn eggs 81-15; $5-100. Pen of12 Buff Leghorns 310. 20‘ Buil‘

Rock liens. 75 cents to $2.50. including Chicago and Minne-

spolis first prize winners. Bird Lawn Farm, Lawrence, Mich.





Half Price from ‘1‘ng 1.9““ k

f e f the best Barre an i e 0c 8

figfiidgilgl:§.m 8?.50 per 15. Heavy ’Iayin' strains.

Riverview Poultry Farm, Box 798. Union. ity. Mich.





A’I‘Z'l SEASON PRICES on R. C. and S. C. Rhode Island Red

L eggs from fine stock, 51 per 15. delivered at youndoor by

insured parcel post. JENNIE BUELL, Ann Arbor, Michigan.





' ' .' —bargains in stock—

Pine Orcsl While Orpingloinsoefif. h... m... thmii‘ish

. B l ' n hares ant 0 ie puppies. .

WILDELIS 13881611. Pine Crest Farm. Royal 0ak,Mich.





INGLET BARRED BOOKS—the winning and

R laying strain. Eggs $1.60 per 15.. from mated

pens also B. Turkey eggs from choice birds, $2.50





, . id by arcel post.

irAIPNVQEweg 69 inc FA M, Romeo, Michigan





RHODE ISLAND REDS and PLYMOU TH ROCKS.

Males 5 to 12 lbs. according to age 82 to 35:1’. 8. hens

weight 5 to 9% lbs.. eggs 15 for $1.00: P. R. 0888 $5 Per 100.

Mammoth Bronze Tom Turkeys, 8 to 38 lbs. according

to age 38 to $25, 10 eggs S3. A. E. Cramp ton. Vassar, Mich





ROSE COMB BROWN LEGHORN EGGS from

M lllilfid. sq. Iwixsiiigé-s. $1.00tper setting,



’. 100. . ' c s . per se ing.



3" 00 per CLAUDIX ii’s'r‘rs. Hillsdale. Michigan.





' breeding cockerels and year-

:e as "h“. Loghorn., ling hens for 88.18. Also

young white Pekin breeding ducks and drakes. Write

for prices. Sunnyhrook Poultry Farm. R. 3. Hillsdale, Mich.





—Strong day-old



s- c- w. L6 hogns chickSISc each.

L at hatch July 22-23. hoice ens, reasons. 0 prices.

Eal’ERFRESH EGG FARM. Ionia. Hichigan.

lLVER Laced Golden and White Wyandotte Eggs for hatch»





iiig. Ten cents each or 30 for $2.50. I mywparcel post

charges. C. W. BROWNING. Portion , ichigan.





- . w 't f ' ,

While Leghorn: Day-OId-chlcks. wétfiarlifili°flél§

faction to all our customers. MAPLE CITY

POULTRY PLANT. Box C. Charlotte. Michigan,





- ~50 f 1’, $4.00f 100. M t

Whilc Wyandofio Eggs bail: 3:“: 52.00 18:15,.3.7%£'33

30. DAVID HAY, 202Forest Ave.. Ypsilanti. Mich.





WHITE WIIIIDOTIE E688 .IIILF I’IIIllE HOW





HOWARD GRANT. Marshall. Michigan.





 





HI’I‘TAKER'S Red Chicks. both combs, $10 and

$12 per 100. Hen $12 per doz, The most popular

Reds in Michigan. interlskes Farm. Box 39. Lawrence. Mich.





hite P. Rocks. Pekin and white runner ducks,

White guineas, eggs and day old ducks and chicks.

H. V. HOSTETLER. St. Johns. Michigan.





BITE Orpington Cocksrels. S. C. Kellerstrass 8-wk. 4 or

more. 75c each. single 81. 8-wks. pens cheap. Yearling

hens and ckls. Eggs 55 price. M. E. Thompson. Redford, Mizh.





 





 





DOGS.





 





' ' —30 cha dOocn hc nd

Iramsdllunnlng Fox Hound: pup... p3,...“ 82...:

stamp. W. E. LECKY. Holmesville. Ohio.





FOX, COON AND RABBIT HOUNDS





Broke to mi and field. Prices right. Fox and

Ooon houn pups $5 each. Stamp for rep y.

‘ . C. LYTLE. Fredericksburg. Ohio.





AGENTS WANTED





to represent a'reliable concern can-

vassing among farmers in your own

neighborhood or elsewhere. No expe-

rience necessary. Liberal pay, and

supplies furnished free to right part-

ies. Reference required. Address,





IIIVEIITISEII. ciIiE HIE MIEHIGII FIBMER,

Detroit, Michigan '





 





 





THE MICHIGAN‘FARMER





EOPLE who raise chickens should

have a comfortable house in

which to shelter them. It need



not be expensive, but in whatever

style it may be built, two‘things are

absolutely essential, and without

which success can not be expected.

The building must be wind—proof, and

water—proof. The sides must be tight

enough to keep out the wind, and the

roof tight enough to keep out the rain

and snow.





Our henhouse is 10x16 feet and is

eight feet high to the plates, with a

ridge roof. A ridge roof costs but a

little more than a shed-roof, and looks

much better. It is shingled with pine

shingles, weather boarded with inch

boards nailed to the sills and plates

vertically, and the cracks battened. It

has a latticed cupola on the roof for

ventilation. The floor is made with

inch boards planed, so_as to be swept

easier. The outside door is in the

gable end opposite the prevailing wind

which at our place comes from the

northwest. There is a 12-light glass

window to the left of the door, and

another in the opposite gable. There

are two apartments—one for the feed-

ing and nesting room, and the other

for the roost-room, with a door be-

tween. The perches are all at the

same height from the floor to prevent

quarreling over the highest seats in

the synagogue. There is a. hen lad-

der leading to the perches so they can

travel up instead of flying, and mak-

ing a great dust. On the southeast

side the roof projects two and a half

feet beyond the plate, in order to cov-

er the rows of nest boxes which are

on the outside. A row of nest boxes

extends clear across the side (16 feet)

and the boxes are separated from each

other by partitions. The nest boxes

are covered with hinged lids—one for

each box. Eggs do not freeze in these

boxes any quicker than in the house.

The advantage of this arrangement is

that the eggs can be gathered from the

outside without disturbing the hen

that may be laying in the next box,

or preparing to go on a nest. Hens

love privacy, and this arrangement by

which each one is hidden from the

other gives them the privacy they

like. Having plenty of secluded nests

they are not so apt to lay together

three or four in the same nest, and

then fight for its possession when they

want to sit.





Hens Like Privacy.



By sliding a stopper over the inside

opening, a sitting hen can he protect-

ed against intruders that want to lay.

The sitting hen can be given air by

fastening the box lid up a little, and

in a few days the intruders will give

up trying to molest her, and the slide

can be removed so that the hen can

come off when she wants to. On the

inside of the house there is a shelf for

the hens to walk on, and an opening

through the outside boarding for en-

trance to the nest boxes.



The perches are not nailed fast,

and can be taken down and scrubbed

with hot lime water to kill the lice.

Twice a year the whole inside of the

house is scrubbed with the hot lime

water with some disinfectant added.



Authorities are not agreed in regard

to the amount of floor space neces-

sary for each fowl. My opinion is that

four feet is none too much. Our house

is designed for 40 or 50 fowls. If it

was desirable to keep 80 or 100, I

would build an addition at the north

gable, exactly like the present build-

ing. Our hens are seldom confined.

In stormy weather they stay under

shelter of their own accord. They are

allowed free range. We have a picket

fence around the garden that keeps

them out, and they never visit the

grain fields. They are healthier, and

happier, and lay better by spending

the day in fresh air, and having abun-

dant exercise. Besides this, they eat





 





A Convenient Hen HouSc





a good deal of grass, and pick up

worms, and bugs, thereby getting half

their living in the summer on health-

ier food than when in confinement.

Pennsylvania. J. W. INGIIAM.





POINTS ON BUILDING POULTRY

HOUSES.





The poultry~house should be'built

during the warm months for the rea-

son that the hot summer weather will

quickly dissipate any moisture the

lumber contains.



The best location for a poultry-

house is one having a southern expo-

sure, with higher ground to the north

and west, to protect the house and

runs from cold winds. If a southern

exposure cannot be had, an eastern

one is the next best choice.



The soil under, and in the immedi-

ate vicinity of they poultry-house

should be sandy, or of a mixture of

sand and gravel. Heavy soil drains

poorly and soon becomes foul and un-

safe. If the soil retains moisture, a

few loads of sand mixed with the top

soil will improve it.



An economy in building material is

effected by building a house as nearly

square as possible, though, of course.

in building large houses this is not

possible. The house should not be so

wide but that the sun’s rays can pen-

etrate the farthermost side some time

during the day.



The thouse should be just high

enough for the attendant to work in in

comfort. A high house not only calls

for a waste of building material, but is

a cold house.



The porches, nests, and all inside

fixtures, should be made movable. If

these are built stationary, strict clean-

liness and sanitation is impossible, for

the reason that lice and vermin will

infest the cracks and crevices and the

spraying material will not be able to

reach all of them.



The poultry-house floor, whether of

concrete, wood or earth, should be

raised at least a foot above the soil

on the outside of the house. If this is

not done, the house, will likely be

damp, and dampness is fatal to poul-

try. If a dirt floor is desired, the

house should rest on a solid brick or

concrete foundation that 'goes ten

inches or a foot under the ground.

Unless this is done rats will likely

work under the building and infest

the house.



If a concrete floor is desired, the ce-





JULY 17, 1915.





by leaving a portion of this, side open





and covering the openings with

muslin.

Indiana. T. Z. RICHEY.





 





PROVIDE SHADE FOR POULTRY.





Failure to provide shade for poultry

during the summer months not only

results in a large number of deaths,

but the flocks are less productive. The





importance of summer shade cannot





be over-estimated. Poultry of all

kinds require shade. Ducks and geese

very quickly succumb if they are un-

able to get protection from the sun’s

rays. It is easy to provide plenty of

shade. The following ways of fur-

nishing shade for poultry are recom-

mended: Portable houses can be set

up on blocks so that the birds may

run underneath; orchards, sunflower

patches, corn fields, etc., can be so

arranged that the young stock or ma-

ture hens may run in them. Corn

fields make excellent summer range

for young stock. They furnish plenty

of shade and other conditions for rap-

id economical growth are ideal. A lit-

tle planning on the part of the farmer

will make poultry keeping more profit-

able. By providing shade the losses

are reduced, the flock is more produc-

tive and the young stockwill make

more economical growth.

Missouri. H. L. KEMPSTER.





AN UNCOMMON CHICK DISEASE.





I would like to know what to do for

my little chicks; they seem to get

bunches in back of their ears and die.

i have lost quite a few that way.



Lenawee Co. W. S.





The disease your chicks are trou-

bled With is an uncommon one and

has the unpronounceable name of

“Emphysema."



In this disease the skin puffs out in

the sides of the neck near its juncture

with the body. The size of the puff

varies somewhat; sometimes it is the

size of a hickory nut, and in a few

cases it has been reported that the

puffing covered nearly the entire body

and the skin of the chick became so

inflated that locomotion becomes dif-

ficult.



The trouble generally occurs with

chicks which have been confined in

close quarters, and is often associated

with some lung trouble. It is suppos-

ed to be due to the rupture of some of

the air sacs, the air thus escaping in-

to the tissues beneath the skin.



The treatment suggested is to punc-

ture the skin with a needle and to

give two grains of nitrate of iron to





 





 





 





The Open-front Poultry House is Gaining in Popularity.





ment mixture should be laid on a bed

of coal Cinders. The cinders will ab-

sorb the moisture that works up

through the soil. Concrete floors are

cold and hard and for this reason

should be covered with an inch or two

of sand or finely-pulverized garden

soil.



‘ The poultry-house should be built

draught-proof. The north, east and

west sides should be absolutely tight.

Ventilation should come. from the

south side and is best accbmplished





each wine glass of drinking water.

While the above treatment may be of

value, it is generally recommended

that no effort be made to treat the

chicks, for even if they are cured of

the trouble, they rarely develop sate

isfactorily. -





 





In experiments at New Jersey Ex-

periment Station the wet mash pro-

duced faster gains in ducks than the

dry mash, ,but during the first two

weeks the gain was ofiset by a higher

mortality. ~ .
«um,





 





 





 





 





' m; Imam-18MB 4m. milk004..8





JULY 17.1915; 7





mmss' tumour.

CATTLE.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS





HE RD ESTABLISHED IN

TROJAN-EIIIGAS and BLAC KBIIltDOS 0only. A

few young bulls and cows for sale Also breeders of

Percheron. Hackney an Saddle Bo



WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. lonia. mulch.





 





‘YamlnEs—One of the foremost dairy breeds The

most economical milk reducers. Calves

for sale. White Leghorn cookers s; Duroo Jersey

swine. Michigan School for the Deaf. Flint. Michigan.





 





THE VILLAGE FARM,

Grass Lake, Michigan,

GUERNSEY CATTLE.





MILO D. CAMPBELL CHAS. J. ANGEVINI‘.I





BEACH FARM

GUERNSEYS





Combine the blood of the following great producing

sires and dams: ——





Masher Sequel] - - - 6'1 A. B. Dan tors

G lexy' s Sequel A. It. gh

Genwood Boy of Haddon 26 A. B ..

May Rose Kin n-fi 21 A. R.

Dalrymaid of inehurst - - 910 lbs. fat

Doll y Bloom - - - 836 u ..

Imp. Itchen Daisy - - - - 114 .. ..

Bel ma of Pinehurst - - - ‘16? .. u

Stanford s Princess - ’72::





Bulls for sale only.





A Dairy Show Every Day.





_ CAMPBELL I. ANGEVIIIE, Boldtaier, Mich.





 





A GUERNSEY BARGAIN. Two bred heifers. Two

mature cows (one fresh). One bull ready for service.

A. It. breeding. u. A. WI GENT. Watervliet. Mich.





 





EGISTERED GUERNSEY BULL CALVES for sale cheap at

Windermere Farm. Wate rvlict. Mich. May Roschrceding.

AddresshJ. K. BLATCHFORD, Auditorium 'l‘uwsr. ()hicago. ill.





 





BERK HIRE

for Bale—flog. Guernsey Callie @691“; mi”...

JOHN EB LS. R. 10. Holland. Mlchi igsn.





 





G U E R N S E Y ib‘ififafihg

Co on a blood of world cham ions.

HICKS' a iiiirl‘ssr FARM. Saginaw. iv





 





UERNBEYS—Write for prices and particulars. 2

G bullsl year old. Several bull calves. all from Ii.

cows and cows on test. Geo. N. Crawford. Bolton. Mich.





 





UERNSEY BULLS FOR HALE. ready for service from A It.

Dams. if you want the right kind write for [Wile and

breeding. BYERS & BARNES BROS” Goldwater. Michigan





ON of Traverse Johanna Buckeye Dekol. born Feb

'14. also rsde cows and 2carsstockers— rs—g‘oing out of

business—4a Marks. J.R . HOOD. awas City.

. Two last Oct. bull





HEREFORD s calves for sale. Big





fellows. .ALLEN BROS" Paw Paw. Michigan.





Do You Want A Bull?





Ready For Service.





From a grand daughter of The King of the

Pontiacs. Bired Ohby a bull that is more than a half

brother to the Champion HoI stein Cow of the

World. and whose dam is a30 lb 6% 1: fat daughter

of Pontiac Aggie Korndyke who has more 30 lb.

daughters than any other living bull. If you do

write for pedigree.





EDWIN S. LEWIS, Marshall, Mich.





 





JULY 28





 





Espanore Farm,





LANSING, MICHIGAN.





Oilers for sale the mb‘éu calf Espanore Dichter Fobes

born Aprill9 ired by one of the great bulls o

the country alnd out of a cow with a good A. 11.0.

record and a sister to a 25 9 lb. cow. Price for quick





sale 8100.

CHASE S. OSBORN.

ADAM_E. FERGUSON.





I 4-YEAIl-0LD BIILI.





by a 3l-lb. son of Pontiac Korndyke. and out of 27-lb.

dam. 2 two-year-old and three yearling bulls. The

above bulls have breeding and individuality to

spare. Also a few richly bred bull calves. These

will be priced right This is a chance to get a

valuable boil for little money. Get busy, as this ad.

will appear but twice.





L. E. CONNELL. Fayette. Ohio.





The Two Greatest Bulls





KING OF 'l'llli PONTIACS

DE liIlI. 211’s BUTTER BIIY 3rd





Ihave y0un%bulls from cows having hi h omcial





i Owners.





 





records“, and Prandtaeugggeme of above buls Stock

noes a

BIGISIIIW’S IIDLSTEIN FARMS,

BREEDSVILLE. MICE.





 





HOLSTEIN FRIESIANS





Herd sire Maplecrest aViillornd‘yke Hengerveld. the only

sire of any breed “206“ am and grand dam that

each made more than] lbs. of butter In a ear. and

he was sired by the only hull of any breed t at sired

three cows one making better than 1200 lbs. butter

In a year. one but four years old. Mapl ecrest Kern.

dyke fiengervei d isi n a class by hi lmse



A few fine young bulls sired by him from A B 0

cows for sale: also a few choice females in calf to





him for sale.

D. D. AITKEN. FLINT. MICH.





 





. REGISTERED Holstelns‘llsrd headed by Albina Ionte Butter





Ills dam has A. R. 0. records as follows. at 2 yrs. milk

milk

.m. mm as 55' lbs. w s READFIR. ”Howellnilich.

:1th ,white grandson of Friend Hen srvsld

D. to 1 Has 5...... Pontiac Flora Barter. mm butter



7dsys. 1289 lbs. in lyr. I. L. McLAULIN. Redford. Mich.





 





 





. THE , MICHIGAN FARME’R





 





B-roo-kwaier Farm,





Fair.

afford to miss 1t.





JULY 28 I





 





50 Head, Including Bred Saws and Gilis.

Bears and Spring Pigs



This offering is fully up to the high standard established' In our former sales.



The offering is bred to or sired by prize winning boars at the Michigan State





This will be an unusual opportunity to buy choice Durocs. You cannot

Send for our catalog and plan to spend July 28 profitably at





BROOKWATER FARM,





R. F. D. 7, ANN ARBOR. MICHIGAN





l tilllll-‘IIBII’S nuno‘o SALE Tan 23'





Ann Arbor. Mich.





Herd





I JULY 28





 





Fol SRAL ~REGISTERED HOLSTEIN BULL



born Febm $1915. Mostl white. Dam

reoorl. also Chrster W its Pigs



CHARLES l. COOK. Box438. Fowlerville. Michigan.



REG. HOLSTEIN BULL CALVES



di . dl t f30-lb. blood in



fKSiiI-Apsdigsgm nzt.',“c.°fi‘.‘.’..§‘... Hadley. Mich.





EGIBTIRED HOLSTIBIN BULL 4 months old.

R Very large straight handsome fellow. Just one of

thenicest indiudluals you ever saw. and be Is bred

some too. 50 delivered. Write for photo and ped-

igree. BOBA ART W. FAY. Mason. Michigan.





W0 well- bred Holstein bulls. 8 and 16 mos. old. from

HR 0. dams. $50 each. Also splendid brown gelding.

14 mAss. old. r.s Fred Crandal. Howell. Michigan'





High Class HOLSTEINSIJa





is headed by Smithdaie Alcsrtra Pontiac. whose dam

is the famous Alcartra Polk-dot. Have few young bulls

and females for sale at reasonable prices. Will buy

a few heifers about 15 months. not bred Farm K mile

from court house.slfl'1‘kl. B. BUBEBT. Howell. Mich.





of best Bates btrains. Youn

nil?! It'd sham“: bulls 'lt‘l months old for sale?

Price non each. J. B. HUM .Mason. Ml ich.





 





 





 





H005.





Dumas &. VioIoIias‘gu'g‘ii.§§ni;°¥-‘u3‘.395?

We





of Superba. Defender. Much gin





 





rions3 and others.





 





Afew young boars M. T. CRY. Lowell. Mich.

REGISTERED BERKSHIRE 50W 3.53mi





$20 each. B. B. REAVE‘I. Akron. Michigan.





 





OR SALE~Berkshire hogs. both sexes and different ages.

Bred gilts for fall farrowing Poll Angus Bull Calf not reg-

istered. Price right. Chase's Stock l-‘arnI. II. I Mariette. Mich





 





- ' —Boar pigs ready to ship

Boyaiion Brod Berkshires I... .I J... .. 12 we...

weeks age with registry papers. Write [or ped Igree and

prices.l) EVALEN’I‘IN‘itflupt. Temperance. Mich.





 





MAPLECREST De Kol Hengerveld. an own brother

to a World’s Champion heads our herd. Choice

Bull Calves for sale. or will exchange for registered heifers or

cows. HIL LCREST FARM. Kalamazoo. MICH-





FOR SALE Registered Holstein Bulls





ready for service. and bull oalves._ also females.

FREEMAN J. FISHBECK. Howell. Michigan.





_ i - ‘ 'te

HUISIEII Billl. “IVES Efnstotiy‘gtt‘ia'itilrgSXIg‘In





Michigan Long Beach Farm. Augusta. Kalamanoo Co..Mich.





 





 





 





OLS’I‘EIN CATTLE and Duroc Jersey Swine.

Choice pi cs of both sex now ready to ship. Prices

reasonable. E. R. CORNELL. Howell. Michigan.





$40. 00 DELIVERED





 





Handsome Holstein bull calf. hallfr black. Registered

and all papers. A. It. 0. am.

ROUGaEMONT FARMS. ' Detroit. Michigan.





 





MICHIBII HOME III] llllIIIIIIE SIIIIIJOI.





LAPEER. MICHIGA

Breeder of High Grade Holstein Cattle. Lists and

prices upon application.





llIllS‘l‘ElN CATTLE and 0. I C. SWINE





LMER E. SMITH. Redford. Michigan.





NIXON FARMS





Brooklyn, Mich.





Have Some Registered Jerseys For Sale.





 





 





AMPBHIRE Swine—Breedin stock of all ages

from most popular strains. r’Ite for breeding.

Inspection invited. Floyd Myers. It. 9. Decatur. 1nd.





 





EST WINDS HAMPSHIRE SWINE. Booking orders

for sow pigs immediate shipment No males to ofl'er

E. P. Hammond. ow II JI'. N A. Wiser. manager. Pontiac Mich





 





AMPSHIRE SWINE. the kind that wears the

belt Notni g left for sale but a few pIgs.

S. U. MU RT. Elsie. Michigan.





 





CULD like to hear from those desiring to start

a herd of thoro’gxhbred Chester-s Prices a: .trao.

tive. F. W. AL NDER. Vassar, Michigan.





Big Type, 0..l0’s and Chester White Swine.





400 fall pigs either sex. peciai prices for the next

30 days. also bred gilts and service males and we are

booking orders for spring pigD. all our steak is good

enough that I will ship 0.0 D. and reg. free in the

0.1. C. or Chester White Asso. We won. more prize:

than all other breeders put together. at Ill. . and

Wis. State Fairs. WrItef for Show record.





ROLLING VIEW STOCK FARM

Cass City, - Michigan.





0. I. O. PIGS





JOHN BERNEB a SON.





JEWEIT’S





Growthy type.





 





 





of March and April far-row

and Red Polled Bulls. Write





B. 4. Grand Ledge. Mich.

REGISTERED 9

BLUE RIBBON 0. l. c. 8





Photos. J. Carl Jewett. Mason, Mich.





 





 





o I S—Bows bred to farrow last of June

and July Primes reasonable.

G. P. CANDREWS. Dansville. Michigan.





 





Maple Lane Register of Merit J crsey Herd. Tuber-

culin tested by Government. For salebull

Olives and heifer calves from Ri of M. dams and

grand dams and Hood Farm Ire.



invuv FOX. Allegan. Michigan.





THE WILDme JERSEY HERD





R istered Jersey Cattle of Quality. Tuberculin

te‘s’ged. Majesty'sy Wonder No. 90117 heads the herd.

Bin" calves for sale. aslso two-year-old bull that is



rises and description write or come.

AiLVtIN BALBEN. Capac. St. Clair 00.. Michigan.





 





iille Farmstead Jersey Cattle. Bull calves from It.

L of M. Cows. also heifer calves and several bred

heifers for sale. Colon C. LillIe. Coopersville. Mich

erseys. Bulls ready for service. extra uality sired

J by Jacoba' 5 Fairy Emanon. .from hi h





No. 107

producing dams. SMITH s PARKER. Howell. Mic.





JERSEYS—THE REGISIEII 0F MEIIII Illll.





BROUKWATEK FARM. It. No. 7. Ann Arbor. Mich.





f h

lusty Bull: for tale .3? ‘T.§§°‘l‘é‘ét“.fi§”i‘f‘"“§

semi-ofiicial test. C..B We not. It. 6. Allegan. Mich





FISHERTON FARM JERSEYS—95,320.23?





Hood Farm Pogis' 9th from Register of erit dams.

FISHEKIUN I'AKM. Ponnac. Micni igsn.





 





 





 





-—A JERSEY BULL eligible to

rsfliistrfi nineteen months old.

itch Watervliet. Mich





FOR SA





Financial King blood.





For Sale Ila isiered Just a! Bull. T°'°.“2' $3} 3.3





98).

fromN ol emau' 9 her





 





Shelbyville Kentucky.

C. Morten en. Juhl Jersey Farm. Sandusky. Mich.





BIDWELL snom‘uosus '





For "Beef and Milk"





Registered Bulls. Cows

and heifers Scotch-top-

ped roans. reds and

white for sale. Farm

at MS & M. 8. Depot.

T. dc I. R'y





 





 





3'0““. STOCK FARM





Box B. Tecumseh. Mich





. Albion Stamp 352670





 





Shodhoms Fl" 3‘“ farm % mile east of Davis

w. s McOUILLAN. 'ciiiiggdfguv. CoA denies-'3.

IIIKIIIG SHOIIIIIOIIS—Ym'“ bum "“1 iiyr



sale. DAVIDSON a nangnigoiinl’seiwiiigimagr

Shortwhom Callie oi boiII Sex for Sale





W KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.

“Williams—m"? 0' b9“ bred Breeding stock all





 





 





 





ages forsal tfnr I C

'Secy. danit.’ lich. Shorthor hrmfiuflgfilcmz. Mllclhli





 





o. I. c—G il bred for Aug. and Sept. farrow.

I Will take orders or March and April



pigs. H. W. MANN. Dansvllle. Michigan.

igs. pairs and tries. not





0 I c' 4......

e s s akin. rum state fair winners.

AVONDALE STOCK FARM. Wayne. Mich.





I). I. OHS—STRICTLY BIG TYPE





Gilts bred for Sept. farrow and March igs now ready

to ship. Extra good ones at prices t at will move

them. Pairs not akin. I will be pleased to ship them

0.0. D. and record them free in purchaser 3 name.





NEWMAN'S STOCK FARM R. No. l, Mariette. Mich.





O. I. C. SW! N E12313.“ $2.“:





choice bred sow to far-row the last of Aug or fore

part of Sept ? If you are. write me. 1 have them

A 1.601(0th R No.2 Dorr. Michigan.





0 I 0! -Two good boars 12 months old. good



a s 8 last fall pigs either sex. and this



spring boars. )6 mile west of dep

OTTO





B. SCHULZE. Nashville. Michigan.





I -Servioe boars, gilts. sows. spring

0- ls c S pigs—none better. Satisfaction

guaranteed. A. R. GRAHAM. Flint. Michigan.



Pairs not





0. I. 0 Pigs. 8 lo 10 Weeks Old 810. .k... .1.





Registered free. C. J. Thompson. Rockford Mich.





0 ' a Choice Sept. pi'fs. either sex. Will

0 e 0 take orders for arch April and May

pigs. not akin ALVI IN V. HATT. Grass Lake. Mich.





 





 





Way Braiher: Slack Farm. 332.8%? ggghgggg





for sale Registered free J.li. Way. Pompeii Mich.

A few fall boars and 12





DUROC JERSEYS bred gilts for sale.





CAREY U. EDMONDS Hastings. Michigan.





F0“ SALE—Fancy bred gilts. fall males. spring pigs.

of the large. smooth kind. Price to sell.

JOHN McNICOLL. Station A. R 4. Bay City. Mich.





 





 





\THIS





’ 0.1. (Lg





Sow wuonm 932 us.

A 23 mourns om





‘ IONIA GIRL





I have started more breeders on the road to suc-

cessthsn any man living. I have thelargest and lin-





est hard in the U. 8. Every one an early developer.



ready for the market at six months old. want to

lwe one hog in each community to advertise my

crd. Wr ritefor my plan.“Howto Make Money from



Heal. ’ '0. 8. EIJAMIN Isle-l0 Pmm- “'0





 





 





MY OH MY!

What an Opportunity.





Starting May lst we are going to give to the farm~

ers and breeders an opportunity to get started right

in the breeding industry. We are going to give you

a'chanceto get hold of foundation stock that will

give you a nucleus for one of the finest and best

herds in your community. We are going to show you

as we have others. that you will have greater

success with our big type





OLAND CHINAS





than with any other breed. We want to placslat

least one pI or fa pair in every community. to adver-

tise our he r.ested write for our plan and

prices. HILLCREST FARM. Kalamazoo. Mich.



-—Fail and





DUROC JERSEY Wimp...





either sex. from choice strains. 8. 0. STA LMAN.

CHERRY LAWN FARM. Isbepherd. Michigan.





 





 





OLD POLANDS as far south as Miss. north and

west as far as Washington. Every customer satis-

fied. I can satisfy you Breeding stock for sale at

all times FRANK KRUGER Ravenna. Michigan.





 





OLAND CHINA Spring Pigs from heavy boned

prolific stock. Sous bred for Summer and Fall pigs

at close prices ROBERT NEVE. Pierson. Michigan.





 





Poland Chi as. either sex. alleges Somethinggood

at a low r.ice Rsrfains in boars ready for ser-

vice. P. 8 Grand Rapids. Mich





POLAND CHINAS .2h3’i2.2é§..‘.i.‘f°é.w?§m

for spring farrow. A. A Wood dc Son. Saline. Mich.

L‘RGE TYPE P. c ‘Either sex. pairs and tries. not

bred gilts. W. J. HuAlnglLSABnA VbV‘iOkAiEgugll-a‘lefiiggf





Big Boned Poland I'IIIinII:..n





ROBERT MARTIN. R I" D.





' ready for service and sows with



“'8‘ Sham P-c' Boar: pigs. AIII bIceding sows for



fall farrow of the best breeding to be had at bargain prices

for the next 30 days. must have the room for 0th



H. 0. SWA AR'I Z, Schoolcraft. Michigan





 





 





 





Fall gilts bred weigh-

from 260 t0300 lbs:

no. 7. Hastings. Mich.





 





 





' —Am booking orders for male pigs

POIGINI China to be ship ed at weaning time.

G. W. BOLTON. “No 11. alamazoo. Michigan.





 





POLAND canvas 0.. “to“ ..



0 worth more.

weighed up. than some breeders are askin for. so

called. Bigtype Orders real Big t ehere. ar~

antee them. BEAN CREEK FAR . Addison.e ich.





FALL PIGS AT HALF PRICE





Brad from the largest strain of Poland Chinas on

earth. none big er. If you ever expect to own a reg-

istered Poland hina. this is your opportunity. Got

busy and order at once. Pairs and tries not akin 315

each. J C. BUTLER. Portland Mich Bell Phone.





 





 





Greatest

These boars are

rices, shi ped

ldwaier.I Ich





Registerediorkshires





The World’s Bacon Breed.

imported Strain. Both Sexes

Prices Reasonable.





Hatch Herd, Ypsilanti, Michigan.

50 YORKSHIRBS‘SI'ISSE“D.‘§V°$ E2233 066mg:





Rocks. I. R. Ducks. E. B. CARR. Homer. Mich.





BIG Type boars by Big Smooth Jumbo.

bear in State. 748 lbs at 17 mo.

long tail big bone sold at farmers



h (lall or write. Wm. Waffle.





 





 





 





 





OARKSHIRE BWINF‘. Boars ready for service.

ilt bred for June farrow. Weanling pi 516-10

weeks 0 d. CEO. 8. McMULLEN Grand Ledge. ich.





For Sale—~Vorkshire Gills





from large litters. bred for fall fan-owing Waterman



Waterman. Ann Arbor. Mich. Meadowland Farm.



.~W eanilng pigs. airs not akin. Bred



MUIGIUOI "083- Csows and gilts or fall farrow. two

rervice boars. C. 1". BA 0N. Ridgeway. Mich





 





 





 





illic Farmstead Yorkshires. Bears ready for service

J Cilts bred for He t. farrow. Spring pigs. airs and

tries not skin. on C. Lillie. Coopersvil . Mich.





IIIUISIIIIIU YURKSUInIs-ee§2§.£¥“%





fine boars. .108. H. BREWER. Belmont. Mich.





YORKSHIRES





Bred gilts. service hours. Se temher Rand Octobev

Prices reasonable. 00K. R..42 Ada.





Pure Ilrsd Mule Fool Ho 8





R. FRANK SMITH.





 





 





leis.





FOR SALE— Reduced

prices on service boars.

.R. 3. Merrill. Michigan





 





 





SHEEP.





' —Yearling and ram lambs from Ch m i

[CIGOSlIIS flock of Thumb of Mich Also selec'l 825k“.

Elmhurst Stock Farm. Almont. Mich





 





shire swine.





 





noitol Herd Duroc .Tersev Swine. Established 1888

C Spring pigs for sale satisfaction guaranteed. Ex-

press prepaid. J. H. Bangbart. East Lansing. Mich.

B" “ONE“ nunoc Mv herd is not the largest



but the stock is good.





M. A. BR AY. Okemos. (lnghem 00.). Michigan.





"1100 JERSI-‘YS—Spring pin either sex Gilts bred for

D Sent. fax-row to a son of Volunteer Grand (‘hampion at

lnisrna' I Stock Show Chicago. I" J Drodt. ll. 1. Monroe. Mich.





U800 Jersey bred gilts. bred for Aug and Sept.

farrow from leading blood li nos; also afew good

boars. Write for circular and prices. W. C. Taylor. Milan. Mich 1





—-March pigs either sex. sired by asc





1m III”! of Volunteer Champion of 3 State Fairs





and Chicago Show 1mm. ’ 9.3 .lonis. Monroe. Mich.





 





Registered Oxford Down Sheep“w§.‘§gml ’0‘"





M. F. GANSSLEY. Lennon. Michigan.





HORSES





FOR SALE—Registered Percheron Stallion Mares

and Fillies at reasonable rices. ln-

spection invited. F. L. KING dz SON. Char ctte.Mich.





' ——Beg. Shetland Ponies. mostly

PIE.“ ’0"! FCIIII spots. 1 spotted stallion and young

stock for sale. Dr. W. T. Morrison. Pigeon. Mich.





Registered Percheron:

Brood lmsrés. ”Fillies and Young Stallions Priced

to sell. Ins eotiOn invited.



L. C. HUNT a; 00.. neon Rapids. Michigan.
60—20 T H E M I C H IfiG A N F A R'M E R JULY17,1915.

RELATION OF CHEMISTRY To AG-





RICULTURE.





 





 





 





No. 3.

BY FLOYD w. ROBISON.

The Tripod of Agriculture.



We have become more or less famil-

iar through the researches of chemis-

try in general with the elements call-

ed upon in agriculture. Out of some-

thing over seventy elements in nature

comparatively few of them have been

found to be essential in the growing of

crops. Of these few a still smaller

number, three or four, chemical re-

search has shown to be exceedingly

Vital to the growing of crops. Three

of these, nitrogen, phosphoric acid and

potash, have been found to be of such

extreme importance that they have

been named “the tripod of agricul-

ture." Modern research has shown

that the Vita] relationship of these

three agents has been somewhat over-

estimated and yet they are the ones

which seem to exercise the greatest

influence for good or ill in a soil; at

least, experimental data shows that

crops respond and soils are enervated

most extensively by a liberal applica-

tion in the form of manures of mate-

rials containing in available form

some one or all of these three admin-

istrative agents.



Uniformity in Concentration is the



Desired End of Manuring.



Some experimentists have attempted

to show from analytical data that

there was really sufficient of these

three ingredients in the soil to last

not only beyond the bounds of an or-

dinary man’s life but as well through-

out such an extensive period as would

warrant giving little concern to its re-

plenishment by any one generation.

Offset against this data we know what

effect on the production of a maxi.

mum crop exceedingly small applica-

tions in available form of these three

elements makes, and it is this infor-

mation which has led chemists to ap-

preciate that it is not so much the

total amount of nutrient salts in the

soil that is essential to intensive agri-

culture as the maintaining of a more

or less constant concentration of these

salts in the soil water.



In the Liberal Application of Manures

Lies Maximum Crop Production.



The difference, in actual amounts of

these three constituents in a soil that

is exceedingly productive and in one

which is considered practically non-

productive, is very slight. But it is

through this exceedingly slight differ-

ence that profitable agriculture is sus-





 





 





Goodyear Fortified Tires

Cost Users $5,000,000 Less





And that, remember, was our third reduc-

The three total 45 per cent.



We cite these facts before we tell you of some

added lactory costs.





This year’s price reduction—made February

lst—was due to lower cost of materials and our

larger output. lt will save Goodyear users, judged

by current output, about live million dollars this





Goodyear Extras Cost Us $1,635,000

This Year’s Additions





This year’s improvements—just our latest ad‘-

ditions—will cost us $500,000 this year. All

to give you extra wear. And we shall spend

$100,000 on research this year to lind more im-

provements for next year.





year.

tion in two years.





Goodyear Fortified Tires embody many extras.

That’s why we call them Fortified.



Five of those extras are costly features found in

no other tire. The rest are quality extras which

few makers employ. -



ll we omitted them all, we could save on this

year's probable output $1,635,000. We could

add that much to our profits. Yet Goodyear tires

would appear to be just as good as now.





Users Would Pay





ll we did that, Goodyear users would lose in

tire wear many million dol-

lars. For every extra we

employ adds mileage and

saves trouble.



There would be more

rim-cuts, more blowouts,

more loose treads. There

would be less rubber, less

fabric.





 





Think of these things—you who buy tires

blindly. Tires are not alike. But these differ-

ences are hidden. So tires may look like Good—

years and not be half so good.





Remember this: Good-

years won their place on

service. it is the highest

place in Tiredom. lt is

super-service, proved by

millions ol tires, that makes

them outsell any other.

And that super-service is





 





   





 





4V AKRON. OHIO





Fortified Tires





Rim-Cuto—by our No-le-Cut feature.

Blowouts—by our “On-Air” cure.





tained and the science of clue applica- Yet five of those extras lift??? maisrtri’zt megéguggggrm: due to these extras. Get

121011 Of manures and feltl lzers does areused byGoodyearalone, Puncturesand Skidding—byourdouble- them. Any dealer will





thick All-Weather tread.





 





 





not consist in the equipping of a soil

which is entirely deficient in adminis-

trative agents but rather in the liberal

application of manures to preserve

this delicate balance which is so es-

sential to profitable agriculture.

Lime a Potentially Essential Agent.

Lime likewise has been discussed

pro and con by various experimenters





Let this

for many years. Some have main—





tained that it was exceedingly valua- Z





ble and should be added in all types M





supply you. (2421)





THE GOODYEAR TIRE. & RUBBER COMPANY, AKRON, OHIO





Makers of Goodyear “Tire Saver” Accessories; also Goodyear “Wing” Carriage Tires and Other Types





and the rest are used by lew.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Mi: Louscl





No more dipping or

spraying. Keep your

_ ’ herd healthy and free from

' vermin and parasites'with a.





i

l

V l





 

 

 

 





 





RS? Metal Silo





 





of fertilizers. Others have maintain-

ed that lime was not an essential in-

gredient to be added with manures.

Much of the difference between the

findings of these two ideas has been

caused undoubtedly by a lack of ap-

preciation of the type of soil on which

lime should be used. One soil may re-

spond to the application of lime and

one immediately adjacent to it may

seemingly be but slightly benefited. It

is this individuality in soils which

makes complex a general diagnosis, in

fact makes such a diagnosis impossi-

ble; but it is also this same miscel-

laneous character of soils which has

made scientific investigation of such

extreme importance. We know now

Something of the type of soils which

are benefited by an application of lime

and on a soil which is benefited and





which exhibits its benefit in increased v





'crop production it is folly to assume

Or to attempt to argue that such a

condition is not desirable.





It will keep

' ‘zvao’ ’





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





.-. '_ . ' ‘ .

A .a;- , “

”it: "'11:: I





Easy to





where!





 





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struction. NO-CO-RO METAL is non-porous, and perfectly

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Many other exclusive features combine to make them





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GuardYour Feed





the silage in sweet, wholesome c on d i t i o n

another. Testimonials prove that





seal “ZYRO” Silos almost hermetically.





erect—onlythe most. common tools are needed.





Sectional sheets are easily handled by one man. Special

flange construction—Jboth vertical, and horizontal .—-

greatly strengthens side walls, which are made of ex-

rtra heavy gauge metal.





No holes penetrate Walls any.

Ventilator on roof provides pure air and light





for inside of silo. “ZYRO” , Silo s are absolutely

Storm-proof. _ _

them. Allth’eirsuperior points are described In our





Heat,cold,fire or water do not affect





FREE Book of Metal Silos



Tells all about. N O-CO-RO METAL and proves

lts‘lastlng qualities. Describes construction or

9'ZYRO’*Sllos step‘by step and pictures all their





" '3 ‘v unique features. M any photographic - illustrations

chew now “ZYRO” Silos do efficient duty on many





V fine farms. Writeroryour free copy or this lu-

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"3 .' . - g The Canton Culvert & Silo 00.. ,





d

- , f» . Box .320 ,

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Pleaseniention the Michigan Farmer when you.

are writing to advertisers. and you will. dons clever.





Canton. Ohio





‘.\





 





 

 

 

 

 





H O G O l L E R

Works like magic. Strong.durablo

= and simple. Oan'tget out of order.

The price l8 right. We will-apply

you through your denler lfpoulblo. Write

us for 0 r 8p cial In ro-

ductory ree rial 0 or.

National factories. Inc. lint. SJlldimondJld.





 





 





Michigan Livestock Insurance on.

capital Stock—$100,000. Surplus—$100,000

Home Office—Saginaw, Michigan.





Only Home Co. in Michigan.





' COLON c. LILLIE President.

H. .I. WELLS, -:.





 





 





Secretary-Treasurer.





‘ ' ‘___ ' ' wn hi

wnmrn AN IDEA: narcissism:





gnu- ideas. they may bringnyou wen th. ‘ Write for





 





 





- eeded'Inventtons’ and owto .

. and Your - RAND PH rtodfluii giiivn'i‘





Money. '





L

ATTORNEYS. DEPT. 67. WASHINGTO' , D. O.





“Worm Destruction"





tells how to destroy worms in

110 q, Shook-ad More”

' an we sent‘ ,0 on request.

.‘ WM. COOPER n IEPHEWS

- .. W“ nos w. um- Stunt. calm. Ills.





 

 

 





 





Garment Farmers Wantedflw‘i’i. :13; g





21:3 : u r. scum-e