The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





 





iVOL.‘ CXLV. No. 4

Whole Number 3846





DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, JULY 24, 1915.





50 CENTS A YEAR.

52 FOR 5 YEARS.





Hairy or Winter Vetch a Soil Builder





newer members of the clover



family to come into promi-

nence. It has long been recognized as

a most persistent weed. It has a most

unsavory association with the wheat

fields of the state. Vetch not only

grows rapidly in the wheat fields and

interferes seriously with cutting the

crop, but its presence in the grain

renders wheat unfit for milling pur-

poses.





‘Xl INTER ““3011 is one Of the Some Hints on the Culture and Use. of a





Once a Weed.



Vetch can be separated from wheat,

rye and other grains by centrifugal

separators but not by the screening

method. Where these special separa-

tors are installed in mills the presence

of vetch in the grains does not do so

much harm, since it can be quickly

removed. Nor are the vetch separat-

ors expensive—the price running from

$30 to $40 each.



‘Vetch has not come into Michigan

agriculture without a protest. From

what is already said it is evident that

everyone should weigh carefully the

evidence both for and against this

plant before deciding to bring it to his

farm and neighborhood. In spite of

all this the crop under consideration

looms up ingreater proportion as we

become acquainted with it. “By their

fruits ye shall know them,” has been

the supreme test that this crop has

been measured. by and it has won the

day.



‘ Some of its Merits.



Hairy vetch is a native of Russia

and naturally adapted to the cold,

backward weather that is so charac-

teristic of Michigan. Here, then, we

find one feature of its success—com-

plete adaptability to our conditions. It

is also a splendid grOWer, giving a

large quantity of the finest quality of

roughage in the season of the year

when the land is ordinarily more or

less idle. The third point that gives

this great legume such a tremendous

hold on our Michigan conditions is the

fact that it is quite largely an acid





ltolerant crop. Unlike alfalfa and the





clovers, vetch will grow readily on

soils that have become so acid that

clovers, wheat and timothy refuse to





Plant that Not





Long Ago was Counted as a Noxious Weed.

llillllll|||l|Illllllll|!i||IiilillllllllIIIIIIlllIll||iHlllllliilillilllilllllIlllill|IIHIlililIlllilllliilllllllliil|IIllIN||lIHIIill!HIHillHIIIIll!lllliliiillilllilliililHIHIlllilIllIIlliillHIllIllilllIlliiIll!|llIllII|llilllliilllIlillliilllliilliili minate well nor make strong plants.





 





 





 





The Corn on the Riqht Side of the Illustration was on Ground where a





Cover Crop of Vetch and Rye had been Plowed Under.





The Soil to





Left was the same with the Exception of Cover Crop.





grow. The season is never so bad or

the soil so poor that the chances are

not good for a crop of vetch if we do

our part. During the drouth of 1913

when hay was largely a failure in the

dry belts, vetch and rye gave a normal

yield of hay.

How to Sow.



Vetch is usually sowed with rye,

about three or four parts of rye to one

of vetch, sowing from one bushel to a

bushel and a peek of the mixture per

acre. Since vetch is a legume that

has great building powers for the land

where it grows it is well to inoculate

the seed as carefully as possible with

vetch bacteria secured either from a

vetch growing soil or a pure culture.



How Harvested.



Vetch has four general uses, all

proving popular on the Michigan

farm. It is used as a soil builder to

grow and plow back to the soil. It is

out early for hay when the land can

be used for such crops as corn, beans

or potatoes. It can be used as an





 





 





Vetch and Rye Growing on a Light Soil. They Produced More Roughage

'per Acre than does Clover on Many of Michigan’s Best Soils.





early spring pasture or left to mature

as a seed crop. When out for hay or

grain it is not an easy crop to handle.

Machines used for harvesting other

crops do not operate in this crop with.

out some difficulty. When sowed in

just such proportions that the vetch

and rye all stand up together it is. cut

by a binder without any great trouble.

When the mixture all tumbles down

into a. tangled mass as is often the

case, the problem is quite different. A

mower with a windrower attachment

often proves the best tool. A grass

scythe can be fastened upright at the

outer end of the cutter bar of the

mower and slanted back at such an

angle that the swath is out free from

the standing crop- as the mower passes

along. This gives good clearance to

the swath cut and allows it to be read;

ily rolled out into a windrow behind

the mower.



In cutting vetch and rye for seed it

is well to cut the crop when the first

lot of large pods are mature but not





too ripe to hold well. If left later the

pods that mature afterwards furnish

inferior seed that often does not ger—





A Valuable Feed.



In curing for hay vetch and rye are

handled in bunches much as are alfal—

fa or peas and oats. Vetch is a fav—

orite feed with all stock, since it is

more appeti‘zing to cattle than is ev—

en alfalfa. It has an analysis and

nutritive ratio that. is in its favor

when compared with alfalfa.



Vetch and rye can be sowed in the

corn at the last cultivation in the sum-

mer and allowed to grow until the

last of May the spring following. A

crop sowed after the weather warms

up is the kind with which to follow

vetch. Oats go in so early in the

spring that they fail to give vetch

sufficient time to- develop. Corn can

be grown after corn to better advan-

tage to the corn crop every year if

Vetch is used as a cover crop and

plowed into the ground each spring

just. before planting time. In this ro~

tation vetch generally does well for

from five to seven years, after which

time some» other crop should be used

to give the soil a change. Thus plow-

ed into the soil frequently, vetch im-

proves the physical condition of the

soil rapidly and often completely

transforms many very light poor acres

in a few years.



A Reputation as a Cover Crop.



As a cover crop in the orchard vetch

has made an enviable record. Nor

has any crop ever proved itself so

generally adapted to conditions of all

kinds. On the hardest clay and light-

est sand, as an orchard crop, it usu-

ally takes hold with vigor.‘





Like other legumes it does not al~

ways start well the first time. Usual—

ly, however, it comes readily the sec-

ond year on the same soil. Where it

starts hard a little soil from a good

vetch field for inoculating the land

will be found of great help. It goes

without saying that the more depleted

the soil the less readily will vetch

come to profitable fruition.



Shiawassee Co. C. B. COOK.





 





 





One Peck of Vetch Seed _was Used per Acre on this Light Sand; the Plant

Held up gives some Idea of the Size Attained by the First of June.
62—2





The Michigan Farmer

Established 1843. Copyright 1915.





The Lawrence Publishing Co-





Editors and Proprietors.





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Enterd as second class matter at the Detroit. Michigan.

postoflice.





DETROIT JULY 24, 1915.





 





 





 





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





Every season, with its

variations from th e

seasons which have

gone before, holds new

lessons for the unto-date farmer if he

but interests himself in the matter of

their interpretation. Ofttimes these

lessons may be allowed to pass with-

out notice or without sufficient thought

to insure their future usefulness in the

solution of problems which will be

confronted in future seasons. It does

not pay to wait until the close of the

season to review the lessons which

the season has taught, since quite

probably even. in that short lapse of

time they will be forgotten or their ap-

plication will be less apparent than

would be the case at the time they are

brought to notice by experience or

observation.



Let us illustrate this point. by refer-

ring to several articles relating to per-

sonal experiences in farming which

appear. in this issue. One well known

writer gives the result of his observa-

tion and experience in the matter of

the use of vetch as a soil improver.

This is a general rather than a sea-

sonal lesson, since it is the result of

experience. and observation covering

a number of years, but several expe-

rience articles which partake of the

character of a seasonal lesson will be

noted in the same department of this

paper. One writer, for instance, com-

pares the advantages of clover and al-

falfa, in the light of present year’s ex-

p'erience and observation, placing spe-

cial emphasis on the fact that the

present is an exceptionally favorable

year for clover. His conclusions are

parallel with those of many other

close students of agricultural condi-

tions and should have more than ordi-

nary weight with every reader because

of their seasonal importance. Another

well known farmer and writer de-

scribes his method of making clover

and alfalfa hay which has succeeded,

even during unfavorable hay weather

which has prevailed during the past

month. much better than the more con-

servative method of haying which has

previously been practiced and which

is the quite general practice through-

out the state. Here also is a lesson

of seasonal importance and one upon

which every progressive reader of the

Michigan Farmer may well ponder. be-

cause it is likewise the experience of

others who have found it a successful

method under the unusual seasonal

conditions. Other cases might be cit-

ed which would illustrate the point,

namely, the importance of seasonal

lessons to every farmer.



Good farm management means do-

ing the right thing under vexing and

unusual conditions, as well as taking

the right course under ordinary condi-





The Season’s

Lessons.





 





T-H.EviM=-IC HIVGAN‘ FA'RMER





tions which have been thoroughly

,Worked out by previous general ex-

perience. Many valuable farm man-

agement lessons can be derived from

the season’s experiences and observa-

tions which are more or less out of

the ordinary routine of farm experi-

ence, if we are but alert to grasp

them. '





With the passing

of the annual

school meeting

many school patrons who'did not take

the trouble to attend the meeting are

likely to awaken to the fact that the

affairs of the school district are not

being conducted wholly in accord with

their ideas, yet if no attempt has been

made to influence the conduct of

school affairs by attending the school

meeting and voicing those views, there

is no legitimate cause for complaint.

If every school patron would but take

the trouble to familiarize himself with

the work which is being done in the

public school, to advise with the teach-

er and the board regarding it, offering

suggestions for its improvement

where occasion arises, much could be

done toward bringing about the better-

ment of conditions during the school

year, and interest would be awakened

which would take the school patron

to the annual school meeting next

year very much to the advantage of

all concerned. There is no public in.-

stitution so important in character or

so far reaching in the effects of its ad-

ministration as the public school, yet

there is no institution in which the

ordinary citizen as a matter of habit

exhibits less direct interest or to

which he gives less time and atten-

tion



But another class of citizens are to

be found in very many school districts

who have still greater need for refor-

mation, namely those who are. not di-

rect patrons of the school, who have

no children or whose children have

passed the school age, and 'yet who

are blessed with sufficient of this

world’s good so that they are. obliged

to pay considerable sums to the sup-

port of the public school. Quite gen-

erally this class of citizens will be

found at the school meeting. Very

naturally they are interested in seeing

the expenses of conducting the school

kept at the minimum point. They

would not be active in opposition to a

generally expressed public sentiment

for the improvement of the school,

but when everybody’s business be-

comes nobody’s business, as is often

the case in the conduct of school af-

fairs, their influence is generally quiet-

ly exerted on the side of economy to

an extent which sometimes impairs

the efficiency of the school. Yet these

same people could do no more philan—

thropic work than to interest them-

selves in increasing the efficiency of

the school under efficient yet econom-

ic administration. This in a majority

of cases they would be found quite

Willing to do, even to the extent of

contributing their services as school

officers where their business experi-

ence would count for efficiency as

well as economy, if their aid were but

solicited by interested school patrons.





The thing that is needed to bring

about more ideal conditions in a

school district is someone to take the

initiative in the matter of interesting

the community at large in the welfare

of the school. This will in practically

every case insure the co—operation of

a sufficient number of progressive citi-

zens to make the school a more effi-

cient educational medium and in-

crease its value as a social center for

the community.





The Public School.





During recent years

so—called Rural Life

conferences have

been held more or

less frequently, generally at the agri-

cultural colleges in the states where

they are held, to which country- minis-

ters,‘- rural - teachers,





Rural Life Con-

ference's.





agricultural 3,»

agents "and in fact publicspirited citi- . i





zens of every rank have been invited

for the general discussion of rural life

problems.



It has been the privilege of the writ-

er of this comment to attend several

of these conferences and participate

in the discussions included in the pro-

gram. While for obvious reasons the

general rural public has not taken a

prominent part in these so-called rural

life conferences, yet the interest in

them among classes of rural leaders

above noted has increased somewhat

from year to year, and gives promise

of further increase until the results

attained through the frequent and gen-

eral discussion of rural problems by

a cosmopolitan body of rural leaders

will bear fruit in many rural commu-

nities within the state. When country

ministers and rural teachers come to

have a better understanding of the

problems with which the people in

their several rural communities are in-

terested, they will be far better equip-

ped for the discharge of their profes-

sional duties in an acceptable and effi-

cient manner. Such conferences can-

not help but be broadening to all who

participate in them and make for a

larger application of appreciative hu-

man interest on the part of. rural edu-

cators and leaders who attend them.



Still better results will be secured

when the time shall come that the

public spirited residents of rural com-

munities interest themselves in this

line of educational work and voluntar~

ily participate in these conferences, to

to the end that there may be a better

mutual understanding between the

rank and file of country people and

those whose duty it is to minister to

them in more or less public capacities.





Governor Ferris has

issued a proclama—

tion setting apart a

day to be known as Tuberculosis Day,

in which he has asked the doctors of

Michigan to give free examination to

applicants who suspect that they may

be afflicted with this malady, as a

means of preventing the spread of

this disease. The. text of the Gover-

nor’s proclamation follows:





The people of the State of Michigan

always have been subject to the rav-

ages of tuberoulosis, a wholly prevent-

able disease. This disease is the com-

mon enemy of mankind, and is rightly

called the White Plague. The first

manifestations of tuberculosis are fre-

quently overlooked. The patient dis-

covers his danger when it is too late.

The Medical Fraternity of Michigan

have it in their power to render the

state an invaluable service. Their

functions are to relieve suffering, cure

disease and prevent disease, and the

greatest of these three is to prevent

disease. Michigan physicians are

ready to encourage and practice this

form of patriotism—the patriotism of

saving their fellowmen from this aw-

ful scourge. I suggest that on Friday,

August 20, any person in Michigan de-

siring a medical examination whereby

he may ascertain whether he has any

of the symptoms of tuberculosis, may

have such examination and advice by

asking a physician for it.



Therefore, I, VVoodbridge N. Ferris,

Governor of the State of Michigan, do

hereby designate Friday, August 20,

A. D. 1915, as Tuberculosis Day, at

which time all physicians engaged in

the practice of medicine are requested

to render this service without charge.





If there are any among the great

Michigan Farmer family upon whom

the hand of misfortune has rested so

heavily that they have felt unable to

consult a physician with the special

View of determining whether or not

they were suffering from this disease

which is too common in our state, they

should take the paper containing this

appeal to the nearest reputable physi-

cian and ask for the examination.

Since this is a disease in the cure of

which medicine is less eflicient than

the patient’s own efforts, the physi-

cian’s instructions should be carefully

followed in every case where the diag-

nosis indicates the disease to be pres-

ent, not alone because of the greater

chances for recovery where this

course is taken, but as well because of

the lessened danger of infection. to

others. 7

The time will come when





, - l





Tuberculosis Day.





this so-

...;_, . I





vs





JULY 24, 1915,





called Whitefplague will 'be‘ stamped

our in all enlightened- eommunities;





'The Governor’s appeal is one which





may hasten the day when that end

will be brought about through the





arousal of public opinion if not be¥--





cause of the actual results secured

through adopting the suggestions

made. on the day set apart for that

purpose.

”N





HAPPENINGS 0F THE-WEEK.





 





Foreign.





The European Wan—There is noth-





ing- of consequence reported in the

western theatre of war during the past

week. At several points attacks have

been made by both the Germans and





Allies, but no gains of moment to eith-.





er side have been published. In the

east, however, the German drive on

Warsaw continues. The 1,000 mile

battle front is active throughout prac-

tically its entire course.

allies are pushing their forces east-

ward to the north as well as to the

south of Warsaw. Military critics,

declare, however, that the present po-

sition of the Russians is the strongest

they have occupied since leaving Ga~

lfcia, and that they will probably be

able to successfully oppose the cap-

ture of the Polish capital. The Ital-

ians are slowly advancing with their

campaign against Austria. Movements

in the Alps are greatly handicapped

by difficult passes, but thus far the in-





The Teutonic ,





vaders have met with no serious re-.





pulses. The Allied forces operating

along the Dardanelles are completing

plans for the capture of the. Gallipoli

Peninsula following recent successes

of the land forces in driving the Turks

back to new positions. Reports have

it that the French are prepared to use

gas shells to oppose the Germans in re-

taliation against the use of asphyxiat-

mg gases, liquid fire and other meth-

ods of destruction regarded as bar-

barous and illegal. .



The British government has placed

further restrictions upon the sale of

liquors, especially in towns where. the

government has taken charge of the

sale of liquid refreshments.



Gen. Villa’s trOops are said to have

been defeated after a six—hour battle

west of Agua Prieta, Mexico, by Gen.

Carranza’s forces Sunday.



Although the floods in China are re-

ceding, distress among the people of

the inundated districts isincreasing.

Loss of life from fire, water and lack

of food has been considerable.



National.



President Wilson is returning to

Washington to consider an answer to

the recent communication from Ger«

many relative to the rights of neutrals

in the submarine war zone. At no

time during the history of this con-

troversy has the situation been so

delicate as now, since it seems neces—

sary to declare what the nation will

do if Germany persists in her policy

of refusing to meet the demands made

by President Wilson in his former

notes. .



A big strike was voted at Bridge~

port, Conn, last week by workers in

large plants that are filling orders for

war munitions. Every effort is being

made to obviate the tie-up and a day

of truce has been granted in which it

is hoped the differences between the

employers and the men may be! ad

justed. -



Many lives are known to: have been

lost and property damage to the ex-

tent of $2,000,000 caused by floods

from heavy rains throughout central

Ohio last Friday. In several places

the amount of water falling exceeded

that during the disastrous flood of

March, 1913. At Lima, Ohio, 300

homes were under water when the

flood was at its height Floods are

also reported along the Missouri river

which stream on the above date had





reached the 27.3 foot stage at Kansas





City, a point which has been exceeded





but twice in the history of the local

weather bureau. _ ,



Five persons were drowned while

bathing in Lake Michigan at ChicagO

Sunday



'Judge Person, of Lansing, has been

named by Governor Ferris as justice

of the supreme court to fill the va-

cancy caused by the recent death of.

Justice Aaron V. McAlvay. ,



Harry Thaw has been granted his;

freedom after being'declared sane by:

a New York jury last w’eekp



Mr. E. A. Webb, head of the Webb

Publishing (30., of St. Paul, Minn,

publishers of “The Farmer,” dled at

his home in St. Paul on JuIY'5 after-

an illness of six weeks. Mr. Webb

had been interested in agriculture and

agricultural publications in the North-

west for many years, and was Well

known among the farmers and stock.

breeders of many states as, Well. as

among agricultural publishers through-





out the country. ' H‘e leaves"behind==





him an enviable, monument" in the:

work which he has done 1’9”. the bet-

terment of agriculture. as well as a

host of friends and admirerleLH





:4; ill'l ...; :4, 1.43.3". H





".ri





'. ,._...,,‘-.-





 





 





 





 





”no- .._. .





.

__..-._ 1‘... i-





l
'be housed in the stable.





 





JULY. 24. 1915.

Farm Notes

Sowing Alfalfa After Rye.

Would it be 'advisableto sow alfalfa





after rye this summer and it so what





month?

Hillsdale Co. 0, F. M.





There would perhaps be as good a





prospect of getting a Seeding of alfalfa ,





sown after rye was harvested as there

woul l:,_clover were sown under the

same conditions. Fer unifomly satis-

factory results it is quite generally

agreed among successful growers that

alfalfa should not be sown in Michi-

gan later thanthe first of August. Un-

der exceptional conditions later seed-

ing would no doubt be successful, but

where rye stubble must be plowed

and firmed dowu to make a good seed

bed for alfalfa, it would, in the writ-

er’s opinion, pay to delay the seeding

a few days if necessary to provide a

first~class seed bed. If moisture con-

ditions are such that a good seed bed

can be prepared which will insure the

early germination and quick growth of

the young plants, alfalfa might be

successfully seeded after a crop of rye

was harvested, provided other soil

conditions were favorable. It should

be borne in mind that alfalfa will not

thrive on acid soil, and in case this

condition prevails, lime should be ap-

plied liberally before the alfalfa is

sown.

Size of Ventilating Flues.



I am building a lean-to cow barn

16x66 feet which is to be modern

throughout. I wish to install an up—

to-date ventilating system. This barn

to accommodate 12 to 14 head of full

size animals and some young stock.

I expect to get the fresh air between

the walls to be regulated with damper.

The foul air flues I wish to be galvan-

ized iron or steel and 1 should like

your advice as to how many flues I

should have, just where they should be

located, and just how large in diam-

eter they should be.



Gladwin .00. M. W. H.



The size ‘of ventilating fines for the

King system of ventilation should de-

pend upon the number of animals to

Prof. King

lays down the rule that the aggregate

capacity of intake flues should equal

that of out-take fines, and that the

capacity of each should provide _not

less than 30 square inches per head

when the out-take has a height of 30

feet. If the out-take is shorter, then

the area should be greater, and if

higher, it ,may be less without detri-

ment to the value of the system.



An out-take flue with a height of 20

feet would require about 36 square

inches capacity per head, while one 40

feet in height would give an equal

amount of service in ventilation with

a capacity of 24 square inches per

head, due to the fact that the higher

flue would conductthe air from the

stable with greater velocity, which

would correspondingly increase the ve-

locity of the air passing through the

intake flues.



Buckwheat as a Forage Crop and Soil

lmprover.





Will buckwheat sweeten and build

up soil? Is it hard on the soil? What

is the feeding value of the straw, and

if out when in blossom is it as good

as timothy hay? Does sorrel sour the





soil?

Livingston Co. SUBSCRIBER.





Buckwheat is notaleguminous plant

and will not add anything to the soil

which it does not take from it, even

when plowed under as a green manure

crop. It does not draw as heavily on

the surface soil as many grain crops,

however, for the reason that it is a

deeper rooting plant and on some

soils has a good mechanical effect on

the soil by loosening it up. The straw

is not a valuable forage although

when out during the blossoming pe-

riod the buckwheat plant will make a

substitute forage crop of some value.

One Saginaw county farmer experi-

mented with it for two seasons and

reported excellent 'results from feed-

ing same. He submitted a sample

which was analyzed in the Michigan

Farmer laboratory and found to com-

pare favorably with the best timothy





' hay in the matter of its content of





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





nutrients. There are, however, so

many better forage crops available for

use in Michigan that the place of

buckwheat on the average farm is that

of a catch crop rather than a crop lo

be used in the regular rotation, except

where it is desired to produce the

grain.



The presence of sorrel on the soil

indicates a condition of acidity, but

may be more properly called an effect

rather than a cause of such acidity. A

soil which is what we call acid in re-

action n-ot only favors the growth of

a sour plant like sorrel, but further en—

corages .it, for the reason that it is

not in a good condition to grow other

forage plants, particularly (lovers.

When the soil is sweetened by lime it

is not only rendered less congenial to

the sorrel plant, but the growth of

clovers and other economic

plants is encouraged to a point which

makes the sorrel and similar weeds

unable to compete.



Seeding Vetch and Rye.





I have been a subscriber for some

time and would like to ask for a little

advice. I have five acres of sandy

soil, some of it quite light. I am go—

ing to have it sowed to rye this fall

and seeded to sand vetch. How many

pounds or quarts should be sowed per

acre and what month will be the best

time to seed it?



Wayne Co. H. A. H.





The most successful growers of

vetch as a green manure crop advo-

cate the using of about one peek of

rye to 30 pounds of vetch seed to the

acre where same is sown in corn, or

one peek of rye to 50 pounds of vetch

seed if sown in the open. Various

combinations are used, however, and

we know of successful growers who

use but 20 pounds of vetch seed with

from a half-bushel to three pecks of

rye per acre. Of course, the greater

the proportion of vetch seed used, the

greater will be the benefit from the

addition of nitrogen to the soil, pro-

vided good inoculation is secured so

that nodules are plentifully developed

on the roots by the bacteria peculiar

to this plant. Generally, where vetch

is sown on land for the first time, the

inoculation is not as perfect as it will

be at succeeding sowings.



Owing to the fact that the supply

from Europe will be at least partially

cut off by the war, vetch seed will

doubtless be more expensive this year

than in the past. This is an incentive

for the farmers of Michigan and the

United States to produce their own

vetch seed, which it has been demon-

strated can be quite easily and suc-

cessfully done.



The seed should preferably be sewn

in August so that a fair growth will

be secured before winter.



Cut the Stubble High.





I would like to know which is the

better way to do in regard to cutting

grain where there is a new seeding of

clover, whether the stubble should be

left long or short. I have heard that

long stubble would draw the sun’s

rays soas to burn the clover out.



Calhoun Co. J. C.





High stubble would tend to shade

the young clover and protect it from

the sun after the wheat is cut. The

shorter the stubble is cut, the more

the clover would be exposed to the

sun. There is nothing in the idea that

the long stubble would draw the rays

of the sun. The tall stubble can do

no harm whatever, and it may do

some good just at that season of the

year. The wheat plant, of course,

while growing is an injury to. the clo-

ver because it is using moisture that

the clover plant at‘that season of the

year could use with good results, but

when the wheat plant is cut then it

can no longer injure the clover. If the





wheat is good and tall, set the binder





high enough so you will not cut ofi

the top of the clover plant and as

much higher as you can and do good

work with the binder.



Later on in August when the clover

plant gets a good growth, and espe-

cially if there-is danger of its heading

and producing seed, it is an excellent

plan to clip stubble and clover with a

mowing machine. ‘ .





 





 





 





l





.-____ . .—





 

   





..





. 5.}-

L‘ ‘ " a J ‘3‘:

I





John Deere Motor Press





The Press with the powerful eccentric gears. Gears are

mounted ofi' center, giving more power on the working





.4.





.é

- 3..





it

I“) ”2‘ ; HAP—(fit; a ,

.i': its,“





u





 





1stroke, a quickerreturn of plunger and. very desirable Just Off the Press

action of the self-feed ~— the three points of prime Illustrates and de-

forage importance, . acribesthemost com-

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implements. Tells





Powerful self—feed arm and plunger, improved form of

drop blocker and automatic tucker insure well shaped,

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highest price. ‘



Entire outfit is always ready for work.

of engine required.



Wide track front axles with a fifth wheel is why this

press stands up so well and is so easily moved.



Made in three sizes for 14x18, 16x18 and 18x22" bales.





how to adjust and

use farm tools under

varying conditions.

It is a. practical ency-

clopedia of larm‘im-

plements worth dol-

let: to you—a. 168

page text book.



It tells about John

Deere Implements:

Steel plows. cultiva-

tors and barrows;

corn planters, disc

barrows and beef.

tools; farm and

mountain wagons;

manure spreaders:

portable and station—

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and corn shellers;

hay loaders, stackers,

sweep rakes, mowers

and side delivery

rakes; motor hay

presses; grain drills

and seeders; full line

of chilled plowamrain

binders and corn

binders; hit-and-

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To get this book

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are interested in and

ask for the book as

Package No. X - 5.





No lining up





Write if interested in Hay Press, Loader, Stacker, Side

Delivery Rake or other hay tools—and ask for free book,

."Better Hay—How to Make and Market. It”.





 





 





 





‘_ _... .. _





John Deere—The Sagless

Elevator





Unload your corn in four or five minutes to the load

and do no hard work yourself. Crib your corn in good

condition. Use a John Deere—The Sagless Elevator.

Separates shelled corn from ear corn when elevating ear

corn. Elevates shelled corn and small grains when

desired.





. Readily set up by one man. Has large capacity and is

light draft. A boy can easily operate it.





Runs on roller bearings, is made entirely of steel. Truss

rods_with turn buckles on the sides absolutely prevent

sagging.





How to Build Com Crib Plans. Book of blue print plans

shows in figures how, more than the cost of an elevator outfit

can be saved by the way the crib is built. Also tells about all

John Deere Elevators, both portable and stationary, wood and

steel. ' Get it free by simply stating what style of an elevator

you are interested in.





 





 





 





 





 





MORE and BETTER WHEAT

from the acre at less cost to grow.





——Two hundred to four hundred pounds of





‘ .,..

94"”!0. “ 1'5

érfl 12ers





drilled in at seeding time will promote rapid root-growth, insure

early maturity, heavy grain and more of it; reduced bushel cost;

a good clover catch and a more profitable grain crop-





, 0

[T S THE YEAR the world needs the gram.

See «1127‘ local dealer or write us for “More Money From W'heat.”





ARMOUR FERTILIZER WORKS»

Ill- Baltimore. Md. Nashville. Tenn.





 





Dept. 116

Greensboro. NJ:





 





 





Pleasepiention the Michigan Farmer when you

are writing to advertisers and you will do us a favor.
64—4





' OR the first time in the history of

F alfalfa growing in this section,

the crop has come squarely in

competition with red clover in a fav-

orable year for the latter. For a ser-

ies of years weather conditions have

been at some stage, unfavorable for

clover. This year, however, conditions

have been extremely favorable, and

more clover meadows may be seen

than for a long time. It was the fail-

ure of the clover crop which drove

- many farmers to experiment with al-

falfa. Last year there was more alfal-

fa sown than in all the previous years

together, and as a result there is

plenty of opportunity to compare the

two crops, clover and alfalfa.



In considering the matter of 'the fit-

ness of one of these crops as against

the other, the factor of certainty as re-

gards a stand, is an important one. It

has been proved this year, conclusive-

ly,,that weather conditions alone are

not to blame for the failure of the clo-

ver crop in recent years. With plenty

of rain and a favorable winter and

spring, the fact remains that many a

poor clover meadow may be found in

this section. Sour soil will not pro-

duce clover any more than it will pro-

duce alfalfa, and this element must

from now on, enter into the business

of growing clover. From the stand-

point of certainty of a good catch,

therefore, the advantage would not

seem to be. to any large extent, on the

side of clover.





Relative Cost.





Another important factor to be con-

, sidered, is the cost of starting the two

crops. Heretofore, fitting ground for

successful alfalfa growing has been

held to be an expensive operation. It

has been found that in almost every

instance, an application of lime is es-

sential to success. But this added ex-

pense is also becoming necessary in

the case of clover, and will grow more

and more necessary as time advances.

Moreover, in recent years farmers

have paid record—breaking prices for

clover seed without realizing a dollar

from their investment. Measured from

the standpoint of actual cost, then, the

advantage of clover over alfalfa would

not seem to be marked enough to be

of conseqquence.



In the gradual increase of the alfal-

fa industry in this locality, failure of

the clover crop, as already mentioned,

has been the main element. Many

farmers have contended that a good

season for clover would do away with

the alfalfa epidemic. But strange to

say, a good clover season promises to

have just the opposite effect. It has

brought out the facts already mention-

ed in regard to the unfitness of the

soil for clover. The boom in the al-

falfa business which reached high tide

a year ago, will not die out as a result

of the good clover year. Alfalfa has

come to stay.



Much Remains to be Learned.



But while this much in regard to

the cropseems certain, much remains

‘yet to be found out. The crop is still

in its experimental stage. Time of

sowing the seed, manner of preparing

the ground, length of time the crop

can be cut from a given field with

profit, these are some of the questions

upon which there is wide divergence

of opinion. Nearly all the alfalfa sown

in this section last year was sown in

August, and yet an alfalfa grower of

nation-Wide reputation advises Mich-

igan farmers to sow alfalfa in the

spring. The August sown alfalfa has

stood the test, in the main, under the

most favorable conditions as regards

rainfall. But would it stand the test,

with dry weather prevailing through-

out the late summer and early au-

tumn. Would not alfalfa sown in Ap-

.ri1 survive such a drought much bet-

ter? This is one of the many ques-

tions which local alfalfa growers will





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





Clover Versus , Alfalfa





have to answer from experience dur-

ing a period of years.



In consideration of the general ques-

tion as to the merits of alfalfa and

clover, time is also an essential fac-

tor. Many farmers ‘may be found who

maintain that clover is king, and that

alfalfa can never take its place in this

seetion. Whether the old days of clo-

ver meadows will return or whether

of necessity the alfalfa field will take

its place, remains for the future to an-

swer. It is certain that good stands of

alfalfa may be found in this locality,

where red clover would probably have

failed. A11 astonishing number of

falmers now have an alfalfa patch,

and are realizing a profit from the ex-

periment.



Hillsdale Co. J. A. KAISER.





LILLIE FARMSTEAD NOTES.





 





Making Clover and Alfalfa Hay.



My experience in making clover and

alfalfa hay the past few years has

completely changed my method in har-

vesting these crops. When I first be-

gan farming I followed my father’s

practice, which will work fairly well

for a small acreage. His practice was

to mow in the morning of a promising

hay day, as much grass as he thought

he could get into the barn before dark.

If the grass was fairly well matured

and the weather good it was not diffi—

cult to judge just about the right

“amount to cut, and it could be proper-

ly cured and drawn to the barn in the

afternoon. If, however, the weather

changed and the hay did not make,

then it was left in windrow over night,

spread out to dry in the morning and

then placed in the barn just one day

late. If the hay did not cure quickly

or we did not get enough cut to last

all day, then there was cultivating or

hoeing close at hand to do and no

time was lost.



This system worked fairly well with

a small business, but when I began to

grow larger amounts of hay I could

not make this system work well.



It was impossible to find work for

the men when the hay was not ready

to haul. We could not gauge the

amount to cut, and a number of other

things did not fit in and make the sys-

tem work smoothly. I got my idea

about handling hay from handling the

wheat and oat crops. No trouble

about managing men with these crops.

You can systematize the work so that

there is little time lost. I studied to

apply this system to the hay.



Now we begin cutting in the morn-

ing with two or three mowers and

work until noon, no matter if the

weather is not the best hay weather.

We made good alfalfa hay this year

when the weather was cold and

cloudy. After dinner two or three

rakes are‘put to work, even if the hay

has not made very well. In fact we

don’t want it dry; we simply want it

well wilted. Then the men begin

cooking at once, and we try and have

all in the cock by six o’clock, but if

not, then it can be cocked the next

forenoon. The next morning we mow

again, and repeat. this until the hay is

all in the cock. By that time we can

usually begin to haul that which was

out first and we can work a full gang

of men and teams from morning till

night with no lost time. At course, if

it rains we. must wait for it to dry off,

but a heavy rain will not penetrate

very far in a cock of hay that was

cocked up when nicely wilted and be-

fore it gets dry. If the hay gets dry

then the place for it is in the barn,

for if it is dry and cooks up loose the

rain will soak it through and through.



By this system we can handle a

arge area and handle it on time and

with little loss from rain, even in a

bad season. This year we have cut_70

acres of alfalfa and clover right in the





midst of pea harvest and while there





I".





is yet 20 acres to haul the balance of

it went into the barn in fairly good

shape. The old system would have

been an absolute failure.



COLON C. LILLIE.





 





HARVESTING CLOVER-SEED WITH

A GRAIN BINDER.





 





I noticed in the Michigan Farmer of

July 10, a communication from A. A.

Lambertson, of Kent county, in re-

gards to harvesting rye and Vetch, and

that he did not think a binder would

handle it.



Now, I have had no experience with

rye and vetch, but I will tell of a little

trick I did last year with mammoth

clover and June clover seed. Ithought

of it for years but had never tried it,

and as far as I know, nobody else had.

When the mammoth got nearly ready

to cut, I wondered how I was going to

cut it, as I knew the mower would get

too much bulk, also would leave the

cut portion for the horses to trample

on and waste. So I took my binder,

took out the trip and twine, moved

the check wire out of the way, and

the machine was ready. Then I took

my mower and cut around the outside.

Then I hitched my team—two horses

——on the binder and started. The first

time around bothered some, as the

swath I cut with the mower would

gather on the inner end of the bar and

clog the machine. But after awhile I

got so I drove better and the bother

ceased, and after that I never saw

anything work better, the cut portion

sliding off the deck and dropping on

the ground in a swath a foot and a

half or two feet wide entirely out of

the way of the team. The machine

was handled easily by the two horses.



In cutting thin light stuff the reel

should be low and well back so as to

keep the, guards swept clean. If Mr.

Lambertson tries this, will he let me

know if it works or not.



Shiawassee Co. G. SMITH.





BOYS AS FARM PARTNERS.





 





There is a growing sentiment along

the line of partnership farming which

shall include the boys “John Jones &

Sons,” painted in white letters on a

big red barn tells at a glance that one

father is making a commendable ene

deavor to interest the rising genera-

tion in the farm and the chances are

ten to one that he will succeed.



We have long been told of the satis-

faction of owning a calf or a colt and

how the pride in something which he

could call his very own holds a boy’s

affection and gives him a responsibil-

ity for its care. How much more is

this apt to be the case when, as he

grows older, his father trusts him suf-

ficiently to make him actually a profit-

sharing partner in the farm, placing

his name beside his own upon the

new barn and also upon the stationery

which advertises the pure-bred stock

which is grown upon the farm. It

should not require a very keen insight

on the part of a hard-headed farmer

to understand that his success de—

pends largely upon the co-operation of

his sons. Compare the prosperity of

the man whose boys are his helpers

in so far as their necessary absence at

school will permit, with that of him

who has no such help depending on

what he can hire. It is vastly to any

farmer’s financial advantage, to say

nothing of anything more, to have his

sons follow after him and the surest

way to insure this is to give them an

interest in the business.



Too many men make the mistake of

ignoring the boy in business matters.

Gray hairs may stand for experience

but is it not true that they also stand

sometimes for a stubbornness that re-

fuses to admit that any person of

lesser years can possess ideas really

worth accepting?



_Any bright young man who has been

brought up with a proper appreciation

of the agricultural life and its attrac-

tions, including its very promising pe-





JULY 24, 1915.”





cuniary possibilities [as demonstrated‘





in recent years will be very likely to .





have good ideas gained in some of the

many ways now presented for obtain-

ing them. Young men are naturally

more progressive than older ones, and

advanced methods secure best results

in all farming operations today. The

man who does not follow them is sure

to be a back number and fall short of

the highest success. It may be a trifle

hard to give up a well grounded plan





of procedure for what we may term a '

new— tangled way of doing the same.

thing, but the new may prove best'





after all.



Fathers who talk business methods

over with their sons, and sometimes

let them do things their own way, will

hardly make a mistake. In passing

judgment shouldmistakes follow, it

might be well to remember that in all

probability we made worse ones our-

selves when we' were young, if not

more recently, and when it comes to

that nobody is exempt.



It looks good to see “John Jones &

Sons" on the big red barn. It shows

John Jones to be very much alive to

his own interests, as well as to the

interests of his sons. And since there

is so much profit as well as pleasure

in live stock at the present time, if

some particular branch of this is not

already represented on the farm by





several fine specimens of pure- b—red'





animals, it would be an excellent thing





to start right now. Get some and put ‘





them in charge of the junior partner.

But don’t fail to consult with the said

juniors before deciding on the pur-

chase. If they have a preference it

will pay to get that kind.



Genesee Co. E. R. WOOD.





GREEN MANURE CATCH CROPS.





 





Have a 10- acre field of heavy red

clay loam in corn, which has previous-

y grown good crops but lately does not





produce well, on which I am inclined ,





to sow either rye, winter vetch or

white sweet clover. As I am not ac-

quainted with vetch or sweet clover,

please advise me if I can sow either

at the last cultivation of the corn and

grow a good crop to plow down for

green manure next year, and which

would be best on this soil. Also, could





I sow sweet clover in the spring with '





Alaska peas with an application of 300

pounds of fertilizer and get good pas

ture in the fall after the peas are har-

vested and would the sweet clover

then make hay the following spring

and still produce a crop to plow down

for green manure in the fall?

Leelanau Co. C. H.‘ E.





Of the crops mentioned rye and win-

ter vetch should be sown together, at

the last cultivation of corn. The vetch

is a leguminous crop and soil improv-

er like clover, and the rye will keep it

from lodging and also furnish added

vegetable matter.



Sowing sweet clover in spring with

Alaska peas is an experiment which

has not been tried out in this state so

far as we know. It would be an in-

teresting experiment and in case a

stand of sweet clover was secured, it

would undoubtedly furnish a consider-

able amount of pasture in the fall af-

ter the peas were harvested.

were cut for hay early enough the fol-

lowing spring, it might make a second

growth to plow down, but if the plants

were allowed to approach too near to

maturity before cutting, not much of

a second growth would be secured.

Sweet clover is a biennial- and lives

but two years unless allowed to reseed.



Most of our older soils need humus

so badly that it is a mistake to lose

an opportunity to add vegetable mat—

ter to the soil, such as is offered by

sowing rye and vetch in corn at the

last cultivation. The value 0f catch

crops and cover crops is underesti—

mated by most farmers.





 





“TI‘Y-a-bag” of fertilizer. Our brands

are soluble and active, and not omy





increase yield, but imDI‘Ove ,quallty:





and hasten maturity. Agents Wanted.

Address American Agricultural Chem-





ical 00., Cleveland, Cincinnati Detroit i





or Baltimore. -——A_dv. .





I





If it'





 





 





,grw—i
JULY 24.1915.





’ The Apple-





of trees are recommended as



the best way of controlling

apple- -tree borers. A heavy applica-

tion of some paint that will not injure

the trees but will remain in an un—

broken coat on the bark for two or

three months, is effective in prevent-

ing the female from’laying her‘eggs in

the tree, and 'greatly reduces the

amount of worming, or the removal of

the insects with a knife and wire, that

must be done.



The roundheaded appletree borer,

the most destructive of a number of

similar pests, lays its eggs in or un-

der the bark of apple trees. After

hatching the larvae feed upon the in-

ner bark and wood to such an extent

that the tree is seriously weakened

or killed.‘ The pest is found over the

whole of the eastern portion of the

United States and as far west as Ne-

braska, Kansas and New Mexico. In

addition to fruit trees, it feeds on ser-

vice, wild crab and mountain ash

trees, which makes it advisable for or-

chardists to remove these varieties

for a distance of at least a hundred

yards from their orchard.



The Life History.

The female lays her eggs, one at a





WORMING and painting trunks





.time, in an incision she has made in





the bark, usually just above the sur-

face of the ground. About 15 or 20

days later the eggs hatch and the lar~

vae appear. When full grown these

are nearly an inch and a half in

length. They first attack the inner

bark, eating out broad, more or less

circular galleries and thrusting out

through small holes in the bark cast—

ings which form little heaps of red-

dish wood fragments around the base

of the tree. During the winter the

borers are quiescent but early in the

following spring they attack the solid

wood, while some of them work their

way up the trunk. These last spend

one more winter in the tree and then,

having passed through the pupal ’stage

dig their way out and emerge as adult

beetles. Three years are required for

the insect to complete its development

from egg to adult.



Ordinarily, the beetle lives about 40

or 50 days. It is about three-fourths

of an inch in length, light brown in

color above, with two broad white

bands, joined in front, extending the

full length of the back; the underparts

and front of the head are white. The

females rarely fly any considerable

distance,‘ so that if the immediate

vicinity of an orchard can be kept

free from them, there is little danger

of a serious infestation.



The Method of Control.



The most common method of rid-

ding an orchard of these pests is to

cut away the bark sufficiently to trace

the burrows. made by the borer. A

hooked wire is then inserted into. the

burrow and the insect pulled out. If

made with care the wound in the tree

caused by this process will heal read-

ily. The castings at.the base of the

tree serve as an indication of the pres-

ence of the borers. Where the burrows

are curved or obstructed in some way

so thatwthe wire can not be inserted,

cotton batting dipped in carbon bisul-

phid should be inserted and the hole

then plugged. with moist earth. The

gas from the carbon bisulphid will

penetrate all parts of the burrow and

kill the borer.



In addition to worming, as this proc-

ess is called, paint is often used to

prevent the beetles laying their eggs.

Pure white lead and raw linseed oil,

mixed rather-thick, will not injure

the-trees, and~whenapplied to young,

smooth bark, will form a protective

coat during the egg-laying season. It

is probable that this is a more effec-

tive method than wrapping-the trees

with building paper, cotton batting,

cloth or other materials sometimes us-

edvfor this purpose. ,Before painting,

however, - the earth 1 should > be «remov-





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





1‘ rec Borer

ed from the base of the tree for a

depth of from three to four inches.





The surface of the trunk thus exposed;

ShOUld be first scraped and painted:





and the earth then replaced. This is

necessary, for the beetle occasionally

lays her eggs under instead of above

the ground.





TROUBLE DEPARTMENT.“





 





Concentrated Lye for Scale.



I have been told that if I spray my

apple t1ees with one box of concen-

trated lye and 10 gallons of water this

winter when the trees are dormant,

if there is any scale it will be remov-





ed and that it, will'also prevent theirl





becoming affected. Is this so?

lngham Co. M. E. P.





When the San Jose scale first ap-

peared, concentrated lye was among

the various materials used for scale

control. It was used at various

strengths and in combination with

other materials and was found to haVe

very little effect on the scale. The

writer recalls using it in these. early

tests, and remembers that it was most





effective on the team and the man do-,’





ing the spraying. It is very disagree—

able to use because it causes a con—

stant coughing, and is also quite caus-

tice when it touches the skin. I

would advise you not to experiment

with it, as past experience shows that

it is worthless as a scale remedy.

Mildew on Peas.



\Vhat sort of spray shall I use on

garden peas for mildew? Also when

should I use it? Have been troubled

with this pest attacking vines and

peas-just as the peas were ready to

harvest.



Cheboygan Co. J. S. W.



A very efficient means of controlling

the mildew on peas is the dusting of

powdered sulphur. 011 the vines in the

morning before the dew is off. If a

person has a large field of peas, spray-

ing with Bordeaux mixture would be

an effective method of controlling this

disease.



In the control of any fungus disease,

the method is one of preventiOn rath—

er than cure, so one must apply the

sulphur or Bordeaux before the mil-

dew is in evidence to get perfect

results.





._._





SAVING SEED.





 





It surprises me that more seed is

not saved on the farms. Most garden

seeds are high priced. If you intend

to- save pea seed, do not use all you

want, then save the rest for seed, as

sometimes you fool yourself on enough

seed, it is also apt to be inferior in

quality. Stake off part of a row, save

all this for seed, same with lima

beans, string beans-and. sweet corn.

If you raise carrotsjonions, cabbage

or beets every year, take some of the

best ones, plant this spring for seed

for next year.



Early potato seed should also be

saved. So many farmers have diffi-

culty in finding early potato seed in

the spring. Save your seed from your

own patch, it is far more convenient

to have your seed ready to plant, than

tohunt all over the neighborhood for

a few bushels of potatoes to plant,

when you are so busy putting in the

crops. Melon, pumpkin, squash, and

cucumber seeds are easily cleaned and

saved, also pepper seed. Let us all

try to save more seed this year, as it

is a saving in time and money.



Berrien Co. Mrs. C.'W. D.





PRUNE THE RASPBERRY PATCH.





 





Soon after harvesting the raspberry

crop, the old, or fruiting, canes should

be cut out. This is especially advis-

able with the black raspberries on ac-





count of their susceptibility to the

anthracnose or raspberry scab. In

fact, this is one of -thechief means of

keeping this incurable trouble some-

what in check. All of the, new canes

except five or ‘six .of the strongest

should also but cutout at this time.-





 





 





Eats only while working.





Easily handled—farming a pleasure.





Takes the place





of two or three





men and, four to six. horses.





. Meets all power demands on the farm

for hauling and stationary work.





Positively guaranteed.





Send for descriptive catalog.





The Steel King Motor Plow Company





192 Leib St.





Detroit, Mich .





Complete with two

mold board plows.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





THIS PRESS

MAKES

GREATER

APPLE

PROFITS





The Monarch

Hydruuhc

Cider Press

is suitable for both individual and merchant

service. With it you can work up all the culls

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construction. produces maximum quantity of

juice from the appleswith low operating expense.

Monarch Presses are built in sizes having capac-

ities from 15 to 400 ban els 1'1 day. (to—page Press

Catalogue explaining the numerous exclusive

Monarch features s'ent free on request. Write

for this instructive book 10-day.



A. B. PARQUHAR (:0. ,Ltd. ,Box 112 “York Penna.





II c also mam: fin ture Engines, Saw Mills. Thr: sh-

e13, Potato Diggers, Gram Drills, Cultivators.





-E—‘_‘. '





ALFALFA





AMERICAN NORTHERN CROWN





Guaranteed to b999% pure and freefrom dodder. Write

for sample on which we invite you to act Government tests.

We do not handle Turkestan‘ ‘Dwarf Alia] fa." or cheap

inferior European seed. W 6 offer only the very best.

Our seed should produce hay at 860 per acre annually.

Can usually furnish Kansas. Nebraska. Montana 01‘

Dakota an Grimm Beed at very moderate prices.





CLOVER and GRASS ES





Northern grown and of strongest vitality. We can

furnish grass mixture suitable for any soils.





WING SEED co.. Box 242 Mechanic-burg. 0.





Good CIDER





Will make you big profits. .

Mount Gilead Cider and Grape Juice Presses

produce 10 to 400 barrels daily. .

All sizes. hand or power. All‘

power presses have steel

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Fully Guaranteed

We make cider cvnporators. “

applebutiercookers. vmezur '

generators. cIder and vine

gar filters. Write for catalog.

HYDRAULIC PRESS MFG. CO.



13] Lincoln Ave. ., Mount Gilead. Ohio.





Celery Blanching' Paper





Heavv grav 5101 k resembling paste board.

The best for blanching In rolls 36 inches

wide, 500 sq. ft. ,weigh 401bs., $1 per. roll.

Send for free samples and quantity prices.





Sylmlch. Garrett, 259 8. MIL. Phila..-Pa.





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





WANTED—RYE and VETCH MIXTURE

SEND. SAMPLES FOR BID To

YOUNG-RANDOLPH SEED co.. owosso, Mich.





 





 





 





LILLIE’S SPECIAL BRANDS





BUFFALO FERTILIZER





Made from best material. Always reliable.

Lime, Potash. Acid Phosphate,‘ Nitrate of Soda.





Agents wanted in unoccupied territory. Ship di-

rect to farmers‘ in carlote. Fertilizer questions

answered and farm soil surveys made on request.





Colon C. Lillie, Sales Ag!" Coopersville, Mich.





ALFALFA‘BAE





Hardy Non-lnlgntod Sood Very Pure

Germination high. Government tested Absolutely guar-

anteed Nerthern grown, extremely hardy. Have Tur-

IIestan Alfalfa; Sweet Clover; Timothy; grass seed of all

kind 3. As k for our latest" 60—page book on growing

Alfalfa, 92- -page catalog and 5am les. All sent Free.

We can save you money Writet to ay.

A. A. BERRY SEED CO. 30143]





 





 





 





cumuon. IOWA

MICHIGAN GROWN





WHITE SWEET CLOVER





Ask for samples and prices.

YOUNG-RANDOLPH SEED C0“ Owoaso, Michigan.





SWEET BUTTER SEED. Eéiieaq‘f‘él‘iin Qiéi’ff'flly.





minntion. Pricosand information on request.

EVERETT BARTON. Box 129. Falmouth, Ky





Pulverized lime rock for "sour '

soils. Write for LOW PRICES

DIRECT TO YOU and we will

]send sample and full particu-





rs W rite to office nearest y.ou

' LAKE SHORE STONE. CO

Muskezon. Mich" and Benton HaI bor. Mk II





-—You should get the highest grade

of limestone manufactured. Buy

it upon the basis of analysis. We

manufacture the highest grade pul-





verized limestone sold in Michigan. 1

Let. us prove it. Ask for sample and analysis. .

CAMPBELL STONE 00.. Indiln Rlvor.‘ Mich.





LIMESTONE





For general form use. Finely pulverized. made from highest

high calcium stone. Quick shipments in closed cnru Let, 1111‘ send

Northern Lime Co., Petoskey,Mich.





 





 





 





sample and price.





CORN HARVESTER





That boats them all. ' One horse cute 2 rows

to the shock. Worked by 1 201-3 men. No dang or. ~

No twine. Freo'l‘riul We also make Stum Pullers

and Tile Ditchers. Catalog Free. Agents anted.





Carries





' 11. o. BENNETT a co.. Wootorville. 01110.





 





AGENTS WANTED





to represent a reliable concern can-

vassing among farmers in. your own

neighborhood or elsewhere. No expe-

rience necessary. Liberal pay, and

supplies furnished free. to right part—

ies. Reference required. Address,





ADVERTISER. Gill! IIIE IiiGlilGIll mm,

’ Detroit, Michigan
66—6 THE MICHIGAN FARMER





or time isfairly. well relished by live





Th e _ Pigs in Summer stock. I think, however, itmakes the





poorest hay of any of the cereals. The

E have been told that “all pounds gain for a bushel of meal or stalk is quite apt to be tough and

flesh is grass,” and yet we the feed mixture, it is safe to calcu— woody. Sometimes rye has a fungus

somehow seem to fail to com- late on at least a 20-pound gain, if the growth known as ergot which, if con-

prehend the real value of grass as a hogs are of the thrifty, growing sort. sumed in any considerable quantities

flesh making food for all kinds of live Make the Hogs Comfortable. will produce abortion. There is, how-

stock. The practice of our forefath- The hogs should have shelter from ever, comparatively little danger from

ers, who looked upon the hog as a storms and the burning rays of the this, as thousands of animals eat rye

distinctly grain eating animal, has midday sun. Keep the flies away by hay every year and it produces a very

misled us. The hog is by nature a applying a spray of some good fly mix- few cases of abortion.

forager and he delights in’ cropping ture while they are taking their morn— If rye is out too early it is tough

the fresh, green grasses and clovers ing meal. and unpalatable. I used rye as a

as well as many other of the forage Wayne Co. N. A. CLAPP. nurse crop for alfalfa. Some of the

plants. There is a great variety of rye lived over winter and we cut it

plants, both cultivated and so—styled with the alfalfa. The heads were nice-

weeds, which the hog, if allowed his 1y formed. None of our stock liked

freedom, will eat and from which he Pasturing Pigs on Rape. this; they would not eat if they could

will derive a great benefit- ’Will someone tell me how big rape get anything else. The plant should

At no other time of the year are the ought dto be l(llieftorg yitm 1tiitrihlthe ptigs be far enough matured so the berry is

possibilities .30 gieat for prhducing l‘rilghatntheyguall the (tiiii(e‘!elVillnift 151113;}; m the mllk' It IS the same Wlth oats

an increase in weight on the nose as the pigs when the dew is on? or barley. ‘

during the summer time. The present Montcalm Co. C. W. S.

season has been an exceptionally fav- If pastures are not overstocked,

orable one for the luxuriant growth of pigs can profitably be turned on rape

the grasses, clovers and many other when same is not over six or eight

plants which the hogs relish. Rape is inches high. Small pigs should be The large purchase of cattle in this

making a remarkable growth. Hogs turned into rape before it is too large, country that the French government





eat rl‘eedil of these )lants and ”e‘t .3 ‘ h - . ' ' r t] _; - begagl malCing Several Weeks ago for

is y l y a it has, paiticularly during as wet fegding its army are continued, and





their stomachs are not large enough weather, an irritating effect on their this outlet is expected to show a great

to enable them to hold enough of skins causing a sore and scurfy condi- expansion, as it has become known





them to sustain life and make ra id ‘ _ 1 , ' , - . that efforts are being made to make

. ‘ D tion If tie pigs are accustomed L0 contracts for 80,000 head of fat

and cheap gains.





green feed, it will be all right to turn weighty cattle. The different large

Mixed Diet Best. them into rape during the heat of the packing firms have been asked to

Some with whom I have conversed





day and leave them on it continuous- make bids, bult the gObdiS Soderéoimous



"he; iti lile ' 0 e ivi e e ween



on the subject have expressed them- ly. Thel’ ShOllld. Of course, be fed sevteifal sof (wise concerns. Such a

selves as halting between the advisa- some grain on the rape pasture. large demand pointshto further good

bililzv of selling their corn or feeding Preventing Scurvy in Pigs. agvanoesh in catttle prices..and holdlegs

.. ‘ . , K ._ . . , . . o .- -. _. . o.‘ suc1 eavy seers are in a num .r

U to the" hogs and eiowding them in;1;“;13054nfi‘apgglfflggf,té‘ofilnlafiffi $8. of instances considering holding.‘their

along to early market weights. it has iniddlings and buttermilk. These pigs cattle a lit“? longer. The_ quality °.f

been repeatedly shown by experiment have done fine but a week ago I put the cattlekoéfefi‘ed aeoently Endurli? 53h}-

. . . .. - . . - . . - . - cago mar e as e eriora e .3 r1-



and piaitiee that double the gains (fill them in a rape pasture and this morn ally, and prime beeves are gomg to





l: iiia‘e with the he 5 while runnin ing I noticed they were all scurvy and n . . - ‘

N I u g g sore on the back of their necks and dilibtat Iecmd prices Withom' much





on grass, for a given amount of grain ears When the -, ,.

. . . , y walk then back, . . I” ., . , _

feed, if properly handled, than can be cave in as thou h the were weak or Alleading Chicago 1”9 “OCR 00m

. ~ g y . - ' inissmn fihm, With branch houses at

secured if depending on grain alone. it hiaybbe the soresdon Eheir backcsé all important markets is advising its

. ,- .. , . .. . as con rainy an we ever SlIl . .’ .‘ .

\Vf. “Ill stale an example. I turned them into the rape and it country patrons that it is adVisable to

Hogs are selling around $7.50 per may be that that caused the sores, keephback. all cattle thatajie not; ffat.

hundred at the shipping stations. It but I dog’t know what to do for them. Ezldinegreailiz figgurifiixgcfiigfiemlgalrticfiil:

- ,- .. - Kent .0 . . ~ - '

18 generally estimated that when grain -, ‘ , ‘ , . . , larly should yearlings m half to two-

is fed to hogs alone it takes around Young pigs, particularly 1f Wh}te in third flesh be retained at home, as the

ten bushels of corn to make an in- color, are easily affected by running m prospect is espeCially good for these

crease of '100 )ounds in weight Corn rape, and sometimes in other pasture, fat little cattle. The prospect looks

. _ 71 . ~ 'h ' particularly during wet weather. It favorable .for the summer—fed cattle,

is selling on the farm at 75 cents per ,V . ‘ th" . bl d more particularly as western rangers

bushel. If corn is fed at that price 1" essential to ‘e’no‘fe 15‘ no“ 9 an. will not be much of a factor in the

and it takes ten bushels to make a prevent further serious attacks of it market for several weeks, and in any

' . '. ( ” ' ‘ ' " X .1 F _ to insure a profitable growth of the event are 110t expected to come In Stif-

gain of 100 pounds, then the gains are ), ‘ A ) )1 a standard coal tar disin- fielently large numbers this season to

costing just what they bring. llgb' ,M y ” ,’ , , materially affect native cattle, outside

If we wish to vet a better income feclant in accordance With directions. of the less desirable and grassy kinds

and H to; ‘in:”fm ”10' giaini ex A recurrence of this condition can be (bf 1cattle. tAt itlhe stanli)e timfal tthe huh;

- ”‘3" i5" " '-/ " , 7, . , . eievesi wi no e we 0 o

pended, let us compound a ration prevented bY thesuse 0f the modern back the fat, heavy cattle, as flies will

which will give much better results. so—called 1108 liibiicator, OI by Wlap' be annoying from now 011. while buY-

As the corn‘is hard in the summer ping an old sack around a post in the ers’ preferences will be for the nice

and is not easily masticated‘ and then yard and keeping same saturated With fat. handy weights.





crude oil The Live Stock Report says that the

imperfectly, I will suggest that it be '





Babbitt Sheep Company, of Arizona,



, -_ - , a, >-—-—————— has 18,000 sheep of all kinds and rais-



gm‘md' ““d 1? it can be “mund‘ 00" SILAGE FOR HORSES AND MULES. ed this spring 12.000 lambs. Lambing

and all, then it is much better as the takes place at different dates, depend-

ground cob bulks up the meal and the _. . _ , . ing on the location, whether in the

gastric juices of the stomach can per- Ten yearling mules, weighing ap- desert country or In higher altitudes,

t 't b it _ ”d 1. ea n .11 b proximately 650 pounds each, were fed beginning in December. and continu-

mea 9 1 9/ 01. an “g“ '0 W1 9 by the Missouri Experiment Station, mg until March and April. A member





much better accomplished. If the meal for 90 d‘t’s ii an avera e dail ration the company says: “It costs us

is soaked 12 hours and the hogs fed .y. 0 g y seven cents per head for summer





FEEDERS‘ PROBLEMS.





 





COLON C. LILLIE.





LIVE STOCK NEWS.





 





 





RYE HAY.





 





. . . . 7 . . _ of 6.5 pounds of ear corn, 8.6 pounds range on the government reserves.

313105085: tft‘stlllsniliitfil ggiibtwtwme Del Ofi “fixed hay, and four pounds of 001‘“ But those ranges aria n-etert (aver-

“" . " " ‘ . silage. The mules made a gain of only stocked, so we are ‘wel pio_ec e m

If we Wish to make the grain feed . . . that way. We hada fine Winter. and

a little more palatable and secure 4‘8 pounds, during the period. No 1“ plenty 0f feed, Whmh resulted m a

still better results buy wheat mid- results were seen from the use of the lamb CI‘OD 0f 85 per cent and two

:11. ' TV .' . ’ silage but the mules did not consume pounds more .WOOI 981: head than ”1

ings and mix it well With equal 1_ _ ) t't' f 't Th‘ 't . the year preVious. Ranges are now

quantities of each, corn meal and mid- Mg.” quail l we 0 1 ' IS 1 Is as good as I ever Saw themnand our

dlings soak 12 hours and feed twice thought may have been due to the sheep are fat and douig well. . ‘

per day If one h,” skim—milk but- fact that the silage was made from S'tgglillgt‘ignf-OfiligEffigglltgragghllgs11:88

termilk or even whey to add to the rather immature corn. . ' turned to Chicago from the ’Meiiican

mixture it will be more palatable and buccessful experiments m feeding border. He reports a generous move-

more cdmpletely digested than with- silage to horses and mules, conducted ment 0f SFOCk cattle from Arizona and

' ’ ' ' ’ ' by the North Carolina and PennSyl- New M.eX1_c° to Montana and “’3’?”

out them. _ _ ing during the month of June, but the

Some things should be kept in mind. vania stations have been reported to Mexican run is light, owing to the fact

Give the hogs free access to the pas- the Department of Agriculture. It is that banditti are over-running the en-

t ' ' " ' ' ' ‘ ' ’ advised that corn silage should always tire northern section Of that country

we and green feeds. D0 110t feed all be fed 'n omb'nat' 'th th f d and gathering the cattle is risky.

the grain feeds that the hogs will eat, and ”I to (; ionOWI , 0 ert ee S M. C. gampbell, banltfiler IEind 11111th-

' . _ . ia un or n eircums ances man of Queue, recen y oug t or

for if 0 d the Will do end on the , , _ . . .

grain dyndl ngt eat, of the grass Half should spmled Silage, either moldy or October delivery on 1118 ranch 1n Clark

th Q . '. rotten, be fed to horses and mules. county, Kansas, 600 head OI yearling

e amount of {:1 am that they Will eat steers and 800 calves. The total cost

will give better results for the grain ——_"‘ of this string of youths eagle was $48.-

consumed. If one can train their hogs 832’ yglailfgéslegtigogelglghead 9:12;: :23

so that they will eat their fill of pas- _ , , tle were purchased in the upper Pan-

ture in the morning while the dew is rycla Zglllgfhafif Sg?€h;n§2{$?t$$ $331111: handle territory in 1T9XaS- MI‘. Camp-

on, and again jUSt as the evening er readers evgr used it for hay. One bell] reofirtsalgé'adsgilthewléolst lfieevecresazv

shadows hover around, and at the man told me breeding StOCk would itallies«Sacaleves and ygearlings to ebep 1:311:

same time eat a good half ration of 32:93:. byqtf’eedinigl mood halve aboué; 2% best he ever handled under these fav.

the sloppy feed mentioned. they will horsesnéat Illtp oodg S ape an my orable conditions. He hasbought this

. . . . g ‘ summer in Greenwood county Kansas,

be making about all the gains that it Saginaw Co. F. W. L. and is now grazing 1 250 steérs which

is possible to get from the feed con- Rye hay is quite extensively used in he reports, are making rapid gains in

sumed. Instead of getting but the .10 some sections, and if out at the prop weight. . . . . . . l-





 





JULY 24. 1915; '





 





NO MIXING





aNO BOTHER





Will positively produce more milk than an



other ration either home mixed or purchas ,

and do it Without givmg your cows constipa-

tion or udder trouble. Ready to use right out

of the sack Without any muting or bother.





a)





 





Absolutely free from gdulterants and fillers, just like

the feed you would mix for yourself, is especial com-

bination of chemo eottonseed meal, dried beet pulp,

gluten feed. corn distillers’ ins, wheat bran, wheat

middlm and a little salt 1: at's all: each i dient

weighe by automatic scales and all thorough y mixed

in huge power-driven mixers. so that it is always ab-

solutely uniformhand always good. An extra quart

or two of milk daily from each cow may turn a loss in-

3:18 profit. 'Try fLéRRO—E-Eifila for more pgofihsm“

on a mo mm c If. no u ."

“$.80 dearer: almost. evet'ywhete; wr’m us if none near you.





The We “ll-2651046“ lilo. Detroit. Mich.-





 





 





 





CORN HARVESTER





SMdDimdfiIQQJWWW’mv





 





 

 





” ' Works in any

kind of soil. Cuts ‘

stalks—doesn’t Dull like

other cutters ., Absolutely no danger

Guts Four to Seven Acres a Day

with one man and one horse. Here is what one

farmer says: Amsterdam. N. Y., Nov. 16, 1915

The Love Mfg. Co.: Gentlemen: I have filled a 100

ton silo, cut all the corn with it in a most satisfactory

.manner. You can refer any prospective customer to

me for a favorable remmomendation. Thos. Morphy

SOLD DIRECT TO THE FARMER



Send for booklet and circulars telling all about this

labor—saving machine; also containing testimonials

of many users. Send for this circular mattertoday.





LOVE MANUFACTURING COMPANY

Dept. 5 Llncoln, llllnolo





 

 

 





 





 





 

 





SHOCK

or mo currma





 

 





 





 





Hy-Rib Concrete Silos





Are low in cost, easily

built.and give satisfaction

everywhere. Built with

out forms, with only the

usual scaffolding and or-

dinary farmlabor. Walls

not anured by silage

Juices. Water-proof. fire-

proof, storm-proof. rat~

proof. Nothing to rot. or

wear out. Need no paint.-

ing or repairs. For farm

.., buildings of every kind,

use Hy-Rib construction.

Hy-Rib combines within

itself reinforcement.

forms. lath and studs.

Sll) Catalog Free





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





motion. and examples of

farm buildings, Write

today. Agents Wanted.





TRUSSED CONCRETE STEEL C0.





,. Oontainingusefull infor- .





 





 





688 Trussed Concrete, Building. Detroit. Mich.





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





 





Let the STAHLY EXTENSION ROOF increase the

capacity of your silo 15 to 40 tons. STAHLY ROOF

opened and closed from base of silo supplying silo

space to pay for itself. thus furnishing your ROOF

FREE. Write for information and prices.





STAHLY EXTENSION ROOF C0., Goshen, Indiana





Write, Phone or Wire! j





E have the stock and can make





 





immediate shipment. enabling .

you to preserve 100 per cent of |

your corn crop in the





Ngifi‘e“





Easy to erect. No special tools or skilled

labor needed. Every stave guaranteed.

You pay for the Indiana Silo out of what it

saves on feed bill. Address nearest oflice.





THE INDIANA SILO CO.

Anderson. Ind. Dec Iolneo. low-

Kuuu City, lo. Ft. Worth. Tom





 

 

 





 





’ MINERAL'us





 





”bPaakusel “glanced 20“”: 2392:3901: or money

no . e on or In." . '

mam mu iii-dim. ‘4'33 ruin An. Hui-‘33:.





 





 





 





HEAVE 33ers ,





 





 





"Al.
, 1‘1





 





JULY 21,1915.





THE MICHIGAN FIARMER





 





Some Phases of Dairying

By W MILTON KELLY ‘





NY.da.iry farmer with ordinary

intelligence can use the Bab-

oock tester and scales to deter-



mine whether his cows are a source

of profit or loSs, but it is a large ques-

tion whether the cow or her owner is

at fault. Many cows are unprofitable

because they never had proper care

and feed to develop their ability and

capacity. In fully one-half of the cas-

es it is the owner more than the cow

who is at fault. The average annual

production of a dairy herd depends as

much upon the ability of the man who

has charge of the care and feeding of

the cows as it does upon the capacity

of the cows to produce milk and its

derivatives.

Study the Individual Cow. _



Good care and judicious feeding are

of equal importance. If one is neglect-

ed, no matter how efficiently the other

is supplied, the results are sure to be

discouiaging. The successful feedere

makes a close study of the individual-

ity of each cow in the herd and makes

up their rations so that each member

has all she can consume profitably

without injury to her future useful-

ness He makes a careful study of

the cow’s preferences for certain

kinds of feed, consults the breeding

record of the herd in order that he

may know her period of lactation,

watches her milk receid, that he may

determine and supply the amount and

proportion of the different feeding ma—

terials necessary to make a large

amount of milk and butter- fat from a

minimum amount of feed. To secure





good results from a large herd the





feeder must be capable of studying and

learning the peculiarities of each ani-

mal under his care. Such a man can





easily increase the milk yields sufli-‘





ciently to pay a handsome profit after

deducting his salary.



To accompliSh these results the

feeder must have a knowledge of the

function, composition and cost of the

various feeding materials and plan his

feeding so that the cows can make the

best possible use of the home—grown

feeds with just enough of the purchas—

e’d concentrates to balance up what is

lacking. In other words, he should

know the character of the ration de-

manded by each member in the herd

and be able to make it up as cheaply

as possible. If this is done properly

each’cow will be producing to the

limit of'her capacity and returning a

maximum profit. -



Regular Milking Essential.



One of the‘most important factors

in the management of a herd of dairy

cows is that of securing good milkers.

Nothing is more helpful in maintain—

ing a steady, even flow of milk from

day to day than clean regular and gen—

tle milking. Milk giving is a habit





that needs to be stimulated if we'in:





crease the persistency of the cow’s

work. Training is necessary to the

highest yield of milk. The activities

of the mammary glands‘Which secrete

milk are promoted by hand-manipula-

tion by milking, until ‘it becomes a

habit to- secrete milk long after the

time nature would set for any period

of freshening. Nature concerns her-

self only with the preservation of the

young. She does not provide for man.





' But man has discovered that it is nec-





essary for him to stimulate the activ-

ityand increase the' duration of the

milk-giving processes, in order that

the supply for his use may be aug-

mented and prolonged. Unless she is

milked by man, the cow will only fur—

nish enough milk _'for the sustenance

and growth of the calf up to the time

when the development of the teeth

and the digestive organs fit it for the

use of solid food. Then the cow be-

gins to dry up her flow of milk and





turns her feed to build up her own"





system, either. by laying on flesh or

preparing for another .per1od ’ofy‘mater-

pity. Whencalves' are left with their.





dams the cows quickly appreciate the

decreased demand on their milk sup-

ply and dry up then flow to corres-

pond with it. When the calves are re-





moved at birth or a few days thereaf-





ter and hand milking is begun, this

artificial process induces a longer pe»





'riod of laCtation, in some cases lasting





from one'cal'f to the next. ’It is a hab-

it that can be almost lost or material-

ly strengthened " by environment or

conditions of treatment.

Training the Cow to Give Milk.

To induce the greatest possible flow

in' the young heifers, their calves





.should be removed from them within





three or four days, and they should be

carefully trained in the milk-giving

habit by a skilled milker, one who un-





derstands how to manipulate the ud—‘





der and stimulate the‘activity of the

cells. With geod care, plenty of nour—

ishing food and a good, careful milk-

er. the dairy cow is surrounded by en--

vironment conducive to making the

most of the feed given her. She is

then, and not till then, in a condition

to return a profit from her food.



The preper time to bring the cow up

to her limit of profitable production is

about six weeks after she freshens. I

believe the calf should be allowed to

suckle the cow the first three days af-

ter it is born and then tied in a place

where she can see it and knows that

it is safe for tho or three Weeks. The

filSt thirty days is'the time to watch

the cow closely and bring her produc-

tion up to where you want it. She is

in a weakened condition and a man

has to be very careful in feeding her.

Increase her' ratio‘ns’gradually during

the first four weeks, then study her

appetite, her milk yield and general

condition, and if you find that by ad

ding a'h’alf pound ‘of feed every third

day,.that she will give a pound more

milk a day it is safe to increase the

feed gradually as'she responds. When

an" additional half pound of the pro-per

kind of grain a day does‘not increase

her milk flow one pound a day, you

may know that she is at about the

limit of profitable milk production, and

that if you increase her feed you are

overtaxing her digestiVe system.



The Care of the Heifer.



The feeding of the heifer calf and

developing it into a cow that is cap-

able of producing a heavy yield of

milk and butter requires the greatest

skill and untiring effort from the day

the calf is bOrn till it is ready to take

its place in the herd as a' dairy cow.

It should be kept in a thrifty and

growing condition and never suffer

from hunger. The fact that a dairy

heifer should never be allowed to

take on too much fat has ledmany

dairymen to think that she should be

fed starvation rations. Neither the

poor, scrawny heifer nor the over-fed

calf will ever become a high producing

dairy cow. By feeding proper feeds

the calves will readily clean up its ra-

tions, and there will be no danger of

it becoming too fat to insure its future

usefulness in the dairy. After they

are a few months old they should be

turned out and allowed plenty of ex-

ercise and fresh air so that they may

build up strong muscles and good

sound organs of respiration.



. Feeding the Heifer.



, Liberal "rations 'of bulky, organic

foods such as corn fodder and ensi-

lage, supplemented by clover hay and

Wheat bran and oats are the kinds of

food required to properly develop size

and vitality in the dairy heifer. Such

feeds also possess the largest amount

of bone and muscle building materials.

Plenty of exercise in outdoor air is

also necessary to the health and vital-

ity of the .heifer and to developher

productive and reproductive powers.



.‘ She should‘vbe allowed to reach 'suf—





ficient maturity 'along‘thes‘e‘ lines he ,





fore breeding; Otherwise the'ofispring

. .(Continuéd'on‘pagei7'8). ‘





 





 





 





 





‘ HUMANEO STAN





The Price





V E Panama Canal stands as



one ,of the most marvelous

achievements of the age. -lnto its

construction went not only the

highest engineering skill, but the

best business brains of the nation,

backed by hundreds of millions

of dollars.





suppose conditions not to be

foreseen made it necessary to re-

place the present canal with a

new and larger waterway of the

sea-level type, to be built in the

next ten years.





Also suppose that this new

canal would be the means of a

great saving in time and money

to the canal-using public, because

of the rapid progress in canal

engineering.





Thissounds improbable , yet it

illustrates exactly- what has hap-

pened in the development of the

telephone, and what certainly will

happen again.





 





One Policy





One System





 





 





of Progress





Increasing demands upon the

telephone system, calling for more

extended and better service, forced

removal of every part of the plant

not equal to these demands.



'Switchboards, cable's, wires and

the telephone instniment itself

were changed time and again, as

fast as the advancing art of the

telephone could improve them.





it was practical to do all this



ecause it greatly increased the

capacity of the plant, reduced

service rates and added subscrib

ers by the hundred thousand.





ln ten years, the telephone plant

of the Bell System has been rebuilt

and renewed, piece by piece, at

an expense exceeding the cost of





I the Canal.





Thus the Bell System is kept at

the highest point of efficiency, al-

ways apace with the telephone

requirements of the public. And

the usefulness of the telephone has

been extended to all the people.





AMERICAN TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMPANY

.AND ASSOCIATED COMPANIES





Universal Service





 





A 6llP Engine





The cutter is 11 No.11 Blizzard. On thousands of

1111 ms, regular faxm gasoline engines, f1 0111 H..P ’

P.. am running Blizzard Ensilage Cutters





up to 12 H.

th entire satisfaction. The





351.122





is light-running because so simple.

and elevating fans all on fly-wheel.





’ as easy as 20. In extensive use for elevating grain.





Enormous capacity. Self-feed table saves wor





man. Makes even-cut silage. Unusually safe. Repair

Many Blizzards sold 10,





expense l1ttle or n thing.

12, 15 years ago still m use.





Write today for booklets





You can have any or all of these three booklets—they’re





tree. (1) Blizzard Catalog. (2)' ‘What Users

Say. " written by nearly 800 Blizzard users. (8)

"Making Silage Pay Better"—-—a. valuable book

on preparation or silage and filling of silos.

When you write mention size of yoursilo—ask

nearest dealer’ 3 name. if you don’t know him





The Joseph Dick Mfg. Company

Box 24, Canton. Ohio





Ensilage

Cutter





Cutter knives

Elevates 100 feet





/‘111‘&





1s filling





this silo





 





I‘ .mmllflllmulmu





"Jan. 31, 1915.

“I have run Nos. 11,





”tit."





13, 15

Blizzard. They do the most;





work with least power of any a;

of one machine I ever saw. _ if"

“ARTIE woon, 3f.-





Leslie. Mich.”





'3





l





 





 

 

 





_ 1%

rgfi 46;; {git-1





|~P \qlfi U—Ill l.-

‘Intlr M‘Wil:l\'l.i:

-—~:.. #7 J.





 





 





 





The most convenient and best equip-

ped silo made. Doors always 1n lace-

meg open and shut easil .The ingea





'forma erfectlad der. cstmaterial

throng out. akes perfectsilage and

that' 13 what you want. We also make

the Lansing silo with loose doors.

The Chicken silo for the small farmer.

_WOODS BRO SILO & MFG. C0.



General Office:



' ILlncoln. Nab.





 





 





 





 





NOTICE!





Write to the Hnrnlane Stanchlon Wei-1191501- literature

st; improved ant-h

ION WOR





, Bamboo. Wis. J





Get All The Cream





a *’ Cleveland Cream Separators get

all the cream. They are guaran-





teed. They run easier. They lat-t

longer. Fewest parts to clean. .

They cost less because they get

all the cream. Agents wanted.





The Cleveland Cream Separalor Co..





1017 Power Ave. . Cleveland, Ohio





 





 





 

   





nomore than ordinary wood cribs: look 1 (l)

last Hf dxn



hm... ‘ *1... °L§$§°1°f§$."°‘“" “s0.“

nut-moor, FIRE-FRIDGE i7

lightning-proof ‘weather- roof. mat-proof

Marmot, MMDML gnu In.

.M vontfimn‘find ouch-Er a an} “as Paid. 5

Appeal mowing-3. Wijtqeodhy eodhy.

u;. Inn’s-awe!!!“ o‘..‘ -





   

   





n





W Iicliflll Fll’fllol' liltll writing in IiilOfliSBBo
THE 'MICHIGAN- FARMER





JULY 24, 1915.





 





i ’





 





 





 





.x'





BEE HIVES. SEBTIOIS,





tomb Foundallons, Smokers, etc.

Send for catalog A.

bred Italian bees

Ask for catalog B.





 





 





 





Thorough 200 waxlined paper baskets post-

and queens. paid in Isl; and 2nd zones for $1.

Ask for catalog 0.





M. H. HUNT 8i SON. Box 525. LANSING. MICH.





More Heat Less Fuel





30 DAYS TRIAL TO PROVE IT.





The Original Patented

Pipeless Furnace





All others of this type are either

imitations or infringements. We

are now prosecuting Infringers.

Buy the Original and go safe.



Thousands in use from Florida

to Canada. Its efficiency has been

proven at 40 below zero.



One Combination Hot and Cold

air Register carrying the cold air

to, and the hot air from the fur-

. No pipes. No heat in cel-



No dirt. No danger from

fire. No tearing of house to pieces

to install. Can be installed in any

house, old or new, and any cel-

lar, large or small. Needs no sep-

arate cellar. Takes but a day’s

time for the work,_



Send us a rough sketch of the

floor plan of your house and we

will gladly quote price and mail

you our large illustrated 32-page





 





catalog, together with hundreds

of testimonials and cuts of homes

we are heating. A postal card

will do it. Don’t delay. Write

today.





Homer Furnace 00., Dcpl. c, Homer, Mich.





Inventors. makers and jobbers'of the Original

Pipeless Furnace of this type.





BEBBY BASKETS MID





IO QUART CRATES.

Both wood and paper baskets.





 





 





POULTRY.





BARRED PLY. ROCKS





First prize winners at Chicago, Cincinnati.

Indian spoils. etc.



Eggs from fine Utility Matings that are bred to lay.

$1.50 per 1:3. $4 per 50. $7 per 100. From best exhibition

gens $10 per 15. $2.") or 50. Prompt delivery and 00d



atch guaranteed. . Earl Hoover. R.7. Matthews, nd.





 





 





BARRON STRAIN LEGHON OOOKERLS. Great-

est egg laying strain in the world. Just the thing

to build up hi h egg production in your fiock $2 and

3:. E. L. HO BACK. R. 5. Plymouth, Michigan.





 





Hens $1.50 each, on s with the kick in

Barred "00" them 15 for 31.25. i 0 so. baby chicks 100

315. w. o. COFEMAN, R. No. 6, Benton Harbor.Mlch.





 





—Start right with your Barred's

Barred Rock Eggs with eggs from a pen direct from

Bradley Bros. Yards. A. A. Pattullo, Dockerville. Mich





 





ARRED ROCKS. Parks BOO-Egg strain. A strain

) with Egg records to 271 eggs 3. year. 51.50 per 15.

Delivered by Parcel Post. Fred Astlinz. Constantinaliiicli.





3 out of 4 firsts Chicago, 1914. Eggs b‘tl. of

Bu" RoCks9 Reason 31.5045: 36-100. S. (‘ Buff Leg-

horn cgzs SI-lb; 55-100. Pen of 12 Bill? Leghorns $10. 20 Surf

Rock liens. 75 cents to $2.50, including Chicago and Minne‘

apolis first prize winners. Bird Lawn Farm. Lawronce. Mich.





 





 





AT‘. SEASON PRICES on R. C and S. C. Rliodo Island Red

eggs from fine stock, 51 per 1?». delivered at your door by

insui‘od parcel post. JENNIE BUELL. Ann Arbor. Michigan.





 





W is your opportunity tosgot e gs from my No. l

N pens of Barred Rooks. . S. smburgs. R. 0.

White Loghorns at $iner setting for the next three

weeks. RIVERVIE FARM. 11.8. Vassar, Mich.





‘ ' ' -—b r ains in stock—

Pme Orclehilc Orpmglons “3. “immune...

J-ine. Belgian hares and Ooll'ie uppies. MRS.

WILLIS ROUGH. Pine Crest Farm. oyal 0ak.Mlch.





 





INGLET BARRED ROCKS—the winning and

laying strain. Eggs $1.60 per 15. from mated

pens also M. B. Turkey eggs from choice birds. 32.50

per 10. Charges prepaid by ERIC-Bl post.

PLAINVIEW STOCK FA M. Rom;o. Michigan





RHODE ISLAND REDS and PLYMOU TH ROCKS.

Males 5 to 12 lbs. according to age $2 to $5; P. H. hens

weightfito 9% lbs. eggs 15 for $1.00: P R. cggs$5per l00.

Mammoth Bronze Tom Turkeys, 8 to 38 lbs. according

to age 38 to 37.5. 10 BESS $3. A. E. Cramp ton, Vassar, Mich





Rosa COMB BROWN LEGHORN EGGS from

Mad. Sq. Winners. $1.00 per setting.



$5.00 per 100. M. Pekin ducks $1.00 per setting.

CLAUDIA BETTS. Hillsdale. Michigan.





Single Comb While—Leghorn“

Yearling Hens For Sale





To make room for young stock we offer

81)!) yearling S. C. White Leghorn hens

for sale at bargain prices. These birds

are the pick of our breeding flock, in

vigor, size and egg production. Seventy-

tive cents in orders of 100 or more.

Eighty cents in orders of fifty and $1.00

for orders of twenty-five and less. Refer—

ence supplied on quality of stock. We

guarantee satisfaction on every shipment.





KRENTEL BROS.. East lensing, Mich.

Slaughter Sale of Barred 8 White Racks





(Jocks $3.00 to 85.00. Hens $1.00 ,to 33.“). Young

stock after September lat.

Riverview Poultry Farm. Box 798. Union. City. Mich.





' breeding cockerols and year-



s- c- “In“ ”KIWI”. ling hens for sale. Also

oung white Pekin breeding ducks and drakes. Write



or prices. Sunnybrook Poultry Farm. It. 3. Hillsdale. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





ILVER Laced Golden and White Wynndotto Eggs for hatch-

ing. Ten cents each or 30 for $2.50. Ipa parcel post

charges. c. w. BROWNING. Portland. IViichiflan-





While lcgliorns [lay-Old-llhioks. W;‘::.’.123§,;°;;'.§;;

faction to all our customers. MAPLE CITY

POULTRY PLANT. Box C. Ch. rlotte. Michifian.





' —500 for 15. $4.“) for 100. M t '

Willi! W¥andoih [£53 best pens $2.00 for 15. .3 72 Ed:

30. DA ID RAY. Forest Ave" Ypsilanti. Mich. »'

“ "finite P. Rocks. Pekin and white runner ducks.





White uineas, eggs and day old ducks and chick

E. V. éOSTETLER. St. Johns. Michigan. 8'





RITE Orpington Corker-sis.

more 75c each. single .1.

hens and ckls. Eggs 5





 





 





 





 





S. C. Keilerstrafil 8-wli.‘ § or

8-wks. pens cheap. Yearling

price. M. E. Thompson. Redford. lish.





Farmers’ Sanitary Two-Deck Feeding

and Delivery Poultry Coop





For Delivering and Feeding; Two Coops

In One; Will Lost a Life Time;

Strong and Durable.





The farmers are losing

several millions zin-

nually in the United

States alone. by not

having their poultry

properly fattonod at.

selling time. By pur-

chasing at a small cost

and using the Sanitary

000p, you turn thisloss

intoa big profit. Pack-

ing houses and feeders

. are taking advantage

of your oversight. and

wltn milk and grain

' they are get-

(Patented) or 25 per cent



gain in 10 to 12 days'

The United States or criments give even a

greater gain than the above. on have the‘advantage

of raisin your own food why not. take it? Endorsed

by the ichigan Agricultural College. Swift do 00..

and feeders generally. Formula for milk and grain

feeding and other valuable information on general

feeding and care of poultry, furnished free to users

of tho Sanitary Coops. Write for circulars and prices.





TIE DANLEY SANITARY MPG. (30.. St. Johns. Mich.





Sure Death





for chicken mites~

and lice with ‘ FUMOTH“ FUMIGATORS





is a new. easy and quick way. No more spraying

and exposing oneself to tho mites. Two required

for a 10 or 12 foot house; one fumigation cleans

them all out. Requires only ii half hour to do the

fumigation and it is play—not work.



The fumes go into all the cracks and crevices and

poriiieato the straw. killing every insect. which

is not possible with spraying. No after odor rc-

inains—cnn return fowls immediately afterward.

Fumes kill instantly and not by suffocation like sul-

phur or formaldehyde and not dange-ous ,to man.

Used by prominent poultrymen. 2 for 25c. 5' for 500.

12 hr $1.00. post raid. Money refunded if not satis-

factory. Also ill Mosquitoes and House

Moths. Order today or send for circular.





P. A. Thompson & 00., 52'! Trombley Ave. (2)

Detroit, Michigan





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 





 

 

   

     





time.





 





 





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





   





 





 





Capons for Profit





APONIZING is the modern meth-

od of making the surplus‘roost-

ers pay. »Any of the good market



breeds make good capons when thrifty

and hatched reasonably early. One

cannot expect to c'aponize' scrubs and

stunted birds and make profitable ca.—

pons of them. It is the largest capons

that bring the highest prices and the

late hatches. and unthrifty birds nev-

er get very large. Roosters of the

smaller breeds make good capons to

use at home but buyers don’t want

them as there is no demand for small

capons.

When to Caponize.



Cockerels should be caponized when

from two to three months of age be—

fore the comb and wattles begin to

redden up and develop. We have ca-

ponized little one-pound roosters but

had better results from larger birds.

The operation seemed to check the

growth of some of the little fellows.



The directions sent with caponizing

tools are so plain anyone with steady

nerves, and at all skillful can learn to

do the work. The best time to experi-

ment is some day when you want a.

fry for dinner, as it is best to practice

on birds that have just been killed to

eat. It is of advantage to watch an

experienced band do the work, as

many suggestions on doing the work

can be gotten.



In our neighborhood an expert

charges five cents apiece for caponiz-

ing if we cannot do the work our-

selves; lie seldom loses a bird, there

are few slips and everyone is satisfied.



It is very essential to shut the fowls

in for at least 24 hours before the op-

eration without feed or water, so that

their intestines are empty at the time

of the operation. Some advise keep—

ing them in a pen to themselves for a

few days after but this is not neces-

sary. Our birds go from the operating

table to the fields bug hunting, and we

never bother about them except to

look for air puffs that sometimes form

under the wings. We clip these puffy

places with sharp-pointed scissors just

enough so the air will escape.



Brahmas Make Good Capone.



White Brahma capons present a

very attractive appearance and they

weigh, a little more at selling time

than the Plymouth Rocks but it takes

less feed for the Rocks because the

Rocks are better foragers than the

Brahmas.



Along late in the summer when the

price goes down it will pay to buy a

bunch of roosters and have them ca~

ponized if you haven’t enough good

birds of your own. Do not sell them

till the last of January Or the first of

February, however, as at this time one

well—fattened capon will bring more

than twice as much as two roosters





 





 





with this common sense

~- . farm ditcherand road

- grader. No wheels or

. levers. Nothing to get out

“ "233}:ng 0f fix' Simple—Practical.





. ice only one-fourth of big machines. Does same

‘ work. Soon pays for itself. Write for full informa-

tion and introductory proposition.



‘3 Owensboro Ditchormlmder Co.|nc. Bloi830 Monsoon."-





T.





Michigan Livestock Insurance'co.

Capital Stock—$100,000. Surplus—3100.000

Home Office—Saginaw. Michigan.





Only Home'Co. in Michigan.





COLON C. LILLIE President.

H. J. WELLS, -:- Secretary-Treasurer.





 





   





 





 





 





 





LEARN AUCTloNEERING at W“"“'“ 0""‘13'

. and Greatest School



and become independent with no capital invested.



Every branch of the business taught in 5 weeks.



Write today for free catalog.



JONES’ NAT'L SCHOOL OF AUCTIONEERING,



28 N. Sacramento Blvd.. Chicago, Ill. Carey M. Jones. Pres.





0...... mm, $1.25 GAL.





High-Grade ,

Guaranteed. Sells elsewhere now for 32.25.

PAINT WAREHOUSE. 352 'Beaubl‘en. Detroit. Mich.





 





 





 





DOGS.





Irainodllunnigg rs condom—1%? fitije‘ifn ”$33





stamp. W. KY. “l-lolmosvmo. Ohio.





FOX, 000". Bill" Tllll ‘BIIIII llllllilllS'





groke to n and field by experienced hunters. For.



n and abblt hound pups. and extra fine Ones. 86.

Stamp for photos. 4 Order now and be acquainted with

your doc by hunting season. 11. 0. Lytle.‘rmdorioksbur¢. 0:





 





 





 





_sold in the fall.

Indiana. FRANCES Woop.

LAYING BOXES FOR THE HENS.





' In putting up laying boxes for the

hens the main point to be considered

is the question of keeping them clean

and sanitary. The greatest danger is

that they Will soon become infested

with mites and lice. hence the neces-

sity of having the boxes so construct-

.ed as to be easily cleaned. Separate

boxes. are best. Section nests afford

too many harboring-places for vermin,





.while single boxes may be taken out-





side and fumigated at frequent inter~

vals. ..



Boxes should be of a size to fit the

hens, thus the larger breeds should be

provided with larger boxes than are

necessary for the smaller. Nests

should not be so large that two or





three hens can crowd on at the same.

time.- The mimber’of nests should'be





about one for every, three hens in the

house. Some poultrymen use separate

boxes placed under a shelf along one

side of the. building. .;It is a good plan

to have the nests in seminar-knees; as





bone prefer seclusion when on the





nest.





Also, the birds are not. so liable *





to form the habit of egg-eating if the ,





nests are not fully open to the light.

This pernicious habit is usually con-

tracted by accident. The nesting box-

es form a tempting place to scratch if

they are located in a strong light; an

egg is broken, it is eaten, the habit is

formed. Dark nests will not overcome

the habit, once it has been contracted,





hence it is much better thatthe birds '





never learn the vice.

A Good way to Make NNests.

An excellent method of making nests

is to make them bottomless by just

nailing the sides together and resting





this frame‘upon a shelf a little wider .





than the box.





The apartments should i





then be half filled with nesting mate- ‘





rial, which may be changed every few

Weeks by simply removing the frames

and sweeping the shelf clean. This is





the easiest sort of best to keep free.





from vermin. Hay and straw is poor

material for nests.

unyielding. Seed and chaff from the

bottom of the hay bin are better, be-

ing of finer material.





It is too bulky and .





Best of all is ,





cedar excelsior, as it helps to keep the -





vermin in check. Nesting material

may be removed and placed out of

doors for cleansing every week, but it

is best to furnish new every month

or so.



There are many varieties of the

nest which might be mentioned. The

more advanced breeders of fancy birds

are using the trap nest almost exclu-

sively. This hardly seems practical

for the poultryman who keeps birds

for the eggs particularly, and it is

scarcely necessary unless one is

building up an exclusive strain for

breeding. One should have a building

equipped with trap nests, from which

eggs for hatching are obtained. a fact

if one be engaged in the business on





a large scale, it will pay him to- build .





up his flock in this way.

Fumigating the Nests.



Solidly built nests may be fumigat-

ed readily by burning out the old ma-

terial” We accomplish this without

burning the box, in the following way:





Choosing a rainy day, whenthe grass .





is wet, the nests are taken outside, a.

quantity of sulphur placed

one, and the dry material set on fire.

When it gets to burning in good shape





in each ‘





the box is turned upside down, caus~3

ing smoke to penetrate all cracks and .





joints until not a single louse, flea or

mite can remain alive.





If this is done i

once a month during warm weather;





and two or three times during the fall, ,





winter and spring, vermin ,will not in—

fest the laying boxes to any extent.

This is also a. good method to use in

cleaning the boxes in which chicks

have been hatched. ‘





New Hamp. C. H. CHESLEY.





 





THE COLONY SYSTEM.





Under the colony system of keeping

poultry the birds should be allowed.

free range, the houses, which hold.

about 100 hens each, should be placed

from 200 to 250 feet apart, so that the

stock will not kill the grass. This sys-

tem may be adapted to severe winter

conditions by drawing the colony

houses together in a convenient place

at the beginning of winter, thus re-

ducing the labor during the cold.

months.





 





A GOOD VETERINARY BOOK.





 





Very often a veterinary book can

save some money. We have been able

to buy 1,000 of Gleason’s Veterinary

Books at 29 cents apiece. Our sub-

scribers can have them at just what

they cost us, but they must be sub

scribers to the Michigan Farmer, so

we are offering them now for 79

cents with the Michigan Farmer a

year,.postage paid. By that, we mean

that there will be no postal charges.

Present subscribers ean .have'.ithe book

for 29 cents; There is a very great

bargain ‘in this. It would cost at

least 50 centsmore in any other way.





11pm
tire-I





 





 





 





LITERATURE

' POETRY

HISTORY an?

INFORMATION





 





 





 





(“A

I d I.

‘ , \ Ill/I, 1_\ \





 





 





‘17”: FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC ' an?

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





 





 





’l‘his Magazine Section forms apart of our paper every week.





 





HE “tellers” had been playing In-

T dians since early morning. They

had roasted green corn and po-

tatoes in the embers of a camp fire

and had broiled several sunfish,

caught in the mill pond, which they

pretended Were buffalo steaks. But

now the jolly red sun was casting long

shadows on the floor of the big woods,

and the boys were beginning to get

tired. They were just getting ready

to start for home when Bull Burton

threw up hisihat and shouted, “Hm--

rah, let’s have some fun.”

“Sure,” replied Skinny Williams,

“but how? Watching you go crazy?”

“Naw,” answered Bull. “Let’s swing

birches.”

“What’s swinging birches?” asked





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A New Kind of Fun





By HOWARD T. KNAPP





Skinny, who lived in the city except

during vacation time, and was kind of

green.



“You just keep your eye on your

Uncle Bart and he will show you a

trick with a hole in it,” replied Bull,

and throwing off his coat he ran to a

slender birch and started shinning up

the trunk. When he was within a few

feet of the top the tree began to bend

under his weight. Over and over he

came with a graceful swing until the

birch was bent nearly double. Then,

letting go with his feet, he hung from





the arched tree, his feet nearly touch-

ing the ground.



“Now for a jump,” he shouted, and

with a vigorous kick he sprang into

the air, jerked upward by the spring

of the birch. For several minutes he

bounced up and down like a very noisy

rubber ball.



“You can’t stump me,” cried. Skinny,

and picking out another birch he

started up the tree like a little monk-

ey. But Skinny was not as heavy as

Bull, and the tree he had chosen was

a little too stiff. It bent over all right,





Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere.





but when he let go with his legs he

Was left dangling in mid-air, his feet

quite a distance from the ground. He

was scared, there was no mistake

about that, but even then he was

cooler than Bull Barton.



“Hang on Skinny, I’ll get you down,”

shouted Bull, as he climbed the next

tree, and reaching over grabbed Skin-

ny by the feet, pulling for all he was

worth. _ g



“Quit it, quit it, I say,” cried Skin-

ny, kicking and squirming to make

Bull let go. You’ll pull me off. Quit

it now, what are you trying to do

anyway?”



“Why I am trying to bend your tree

over so you can get off,” said Bull,

but just then he got a crack on the





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WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES





 





 





 





These Russian Children are not Particularly Fond of their Visitor but are

Making the Best of the Situation.





 





secretary of the Navy Daniels and his





New Advisory Council to which other





Members are to be Added. >





 





 





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, ' I. 1. g ’ 1‘





 





Members of the Women’s Defense Relief Corps of England are Taking the





Places of Men in the Fields, Shops and Factories.





 





Trainloads of Russian Prisoners Captured by the Germans in Galicia En-

route to Concentration Camps.





Copyright by Underwood 4: Underwood, N. v.
70—10





'THE MICHIGAN FARMER





JULY 24, 191-5.





 





head from Skinny’s shoes and he let

go in a hurry.



The-n Spike Kennedy shinned up

Skinny’s tree, and the combined

weights of the two bent the tree over

far enough so Skinny could get off.



“Now try it on my tree,” offered

Bull.



“No siree,” replied Skinny. “I've

had enough swinging birches to last

me a month of Wednesdays. But say,

fellows, seeing all these saplings has

given me an idea of how we‘can have

a lot of fun.”



“What is it?”

once.



“I’m not going to tell you now,”

answered Skinny, “but if you’ll do as

I say and not ask any questions, I’ll

give you all my marbles if you don’t

say it’s a bully scheme.”



“All right,” said Bull, “we’ll take a.

chance, but we’ll have to hurry for it’s

getting on to chore time. What do you

want us to do?”



“Get out your jack knives and cut

a lot of saplings, the straighter the

better,” directed Skinny.



So the boys set to work with a will,

chopping down the slender trees and

dragging them to Skinny, who trim-

med off all the branches and laid the

poles in a neat pile. So fast did they

work that in a few minutes Skinny

called to them to stop.



“Now what?” asked Bull.

does the fun start?”



“Come with me and I’ll soon show

you,” answered Skinny, shouldering a

pile of poles and starting off througli

the woods for the road. The others

divided the rest of the poles and fol-

lowed their leader, wondering what

under the sun he was up to. For half

an hour they trudged along the dusty

road, and then Skinny stopped in

front of a forlorn little house set in a.

yard overgrown with weeds. The gar-

den, too, was run down and looked as

though it raised more weeds than veg-

etables.



“Why are you stopping here?" ask-

ed Bull. “No One lives here but old

Mrs. Murphy.



“I know it,” replied Skinny, “and

she has been so busy working out

this spring and summer, trying to earn

enough money to keep her grand-

daughter in school, that she has not

had time to work her garden. Just

look at those beans running over ev-

erything. She will never be able to

get to the woods to cut bean poles, so

I thought it would be a good idea for

us to get them for her as a surprise.

What do you think?”



“Well, we’ve brought the poles this

far We might as well put them up,”

said Bull, “but I don’t see where the

fun comes in.”



“Just wait until she comes home,”

chuckled Skinny. “She will be so sur-

prised it will be more fun than a cir-

cus.”



So the boys pitched in with a right

good will and almost before you could

say Jack Robinson the poles were all

in place.



“Cheese it tellers, here comes Mrs.

Murphy,” warned Spike Kennedy as

the last pole was set in the ground,

and the next minute the boys were

hidden in a clump of bushes at the

end of the garden.



Mrs. Murphy, hot and tired after a

hard day’s work, dropped onto a bench

at the side of the porch, and mopped

her face with her handkerchief.



“I wonder if I’ll have time to pull a

few weeds before supper,” she said

aloud. “And if I don’t soon get some

poles for the lima beans, they won’t

amount to shucks.”



Then she turned her head and look-

ed over the garden.



_ “Land sakes!” she exclaimed as she

saw the rows of bean poles set up by

the boys. “Land sakes, am I dream-

ing or have the fairies been helping

with my work. I can’t make it out,”

and she hurried into the garden as

fast as hertired legs would carry her.



“It must have been the fairies for



the poles surely couldn’t have grown





asked everyone at





“When





by themselves,” she said, and then

she caught sight of a boy hiding in the

bushes and dragged Spike Kennedy

out by his collar.



“So you are the good fairy that’s

.been helping a poor old woman with

her work,” she said, her eyes twink-

ling with kindliness.



“No, ma’am, it wasn’t me, it was

Skinny Williams,” protested Spike.



“And where is the other fairy hid-

ing?” asked Mrs. Murphy, but before

Spike could answer she caught sight

of the other boys and called to them

to come out. '



“Well, boys, I never before believed

in fairies but I do now,” she said.

“You just wait here a minute,” and

she ran into the house to come out

again in a minute with a big plate

piled high with delicious ginger cook-

ies.



“Come on tellers, I have to get

home and do the chores,” said .Bull





Barton, so they said goOdbye to Mrs.

Murphy and started down the road,

but not before the kindly old lady had

made them fill their pockets with

cookies.



“That surely was a bully idea of

:yours, Skinny,” said Bull as they

trudged along, “It was better than a

circus to see her face when she (first

caught sight of those poles. I never

before knew it was so much fun to

cut bean poles.”



“My father says it is always fun to

help other people," answered Skinny.



“I guess he’s right,” replied Bull

thoughtfully. “At any rate I had so

much fun that next Saturday I’m com—

ing over to weed her garden. If you

fellows want to help, all right, if you

don’t, I’ll do it all myself.”



“Sure we’ll help,” cried the boys.

“We will make that garden look like

a flower bed."



And-they did.





 





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2 By RANDALL PARRISH. g

3:: Copyright A, O. McClurg Co. E

fillI|I“HillIIIHHHHIHIIIIHHIllllllilllllllmll||H||Ill!llHIHHlHHIIIllIIIIHIIHIllllill|lilllIilHIHIIHINIIIHIIIIIHI||H|||IIHIHHIIIIHIHIIIlliillHIIIIHIIHllilill|lllill||”HIIllNIMIIINIHHIHHIHIIIHIIHHIIHHIIHHHE]





CHAPTER XVII.





 





I Choose Death.



“That is my meaning. You are from

Jackson’s headquarters ?”



“I am here under his orders.”



“The probability is, then, that you

possess knowledge of the utmost value

to us—worth, let me say, the sparing

of life.”



I glanced aside at Fox, and caught

the look of appeal in his face; then

back into. the expectant eyes of the

colonel. .



“You have authority to make In

this proposition?” I asked quietly.



”I am in command of this camp,

and my recommendation will have

weight. I pledge you my influence

with General Ramsay.”



“What is it you wish to know?”



“The number and disposition of

Jackson's troops; where they are at

present stationed, and in what force;

and any inkling you may have as to

his immediate plans of campaign”.



“And in return for this information

you guarantee me release from ar-

rest?"



“That would be impossible, Ser-

geant," and he laid his hand on my

shoulder. “We shall have to hold you

as prisoner of war, but there shall be

no charge made involving the death

penalty.”



I stood motionless a moment, en-

deavoring to straighten the matter

out in my own mind. When I spoke it

was as briefly as possible.



“I can only thank you, Colonel

Pinckney," 1 said, “and respectfully

decline. I am a soldier, and loyal to

my flag; I accepted the chance of such

a situation as this when General Jack-

son requested my services. Even at

the cost of life I will not answer your

questions, sir.”



“You will die the death of a spy;

you will be hanged.”



“That is as God wills, sir; the threat

has no effect upon me."



Fox gripped my arm, and as I glanc-

ed at him, I was surprised to see a

mist of tears in his eyes.



“Wyatt,” he exclaimed, making no

pretense at calmness, “do not be hasty

in your decision. I would not counsel

you to any act of dishonor, but surely

some compromise is possible. I not

only ask you to, consider the situation

from your own standpoint, but also

from ours. I accompanied Colonel

Pinckney in the hope I might have

some influence.” He hesitated an in-

stant, as though doubtful of his words.

"Perhaps I should say. my boy, that

another urged me to come.”



“Another?”



“Yes—a lady.”



My head swam, my heart beating

like a trip-hammer.



“Do—do you mean, Captain Fox,

that she actually asked you to urge

me to save myself by such an act?”



“No, Wyatt; not that. She request-

ed me to accompany'Colonel Pinck-

ney. and do all I could on your be-

half.”



I drew a long breath of relief, my

mind clearing, my resolves strength-

ened! She did care then! God knew

I was glad: and she had not urged me

to an act of dishonor. And I knew, I

understood—she wished me to realize

that she was not indifferent to my

fate, that her interest was not dead;

by the only man she could trust to

rightly deliver it. But she. would want





me to decide right, for it was not in

the character of Noreen Harwood to

compromise with duty—better to die

a death of disgrace than to live, and

read the scorn in her eyes. My heart

lightened, and my lips smiled.



“I thank you for your message, Cap-

tain Fox,” I said sincerely, clasping

his hand. “Tell her how glad it made

me. But it cannot change my de-

cision; I will answer no questions."



“This is your final reply, Sergeant ?”

the Colonel’s voice had hardened; his

eyes had lost their friendliness.



“It is, sir.”



“Very well, then; there is nothing

more for us to accomplish here, Fox.

I think, young man, you will come to

your senses too late. Good day, sir.”



The door opened to the rap of his

knuckles, and the two men passed out,

neither one glancing back at me. The

sentry asked a question, and I heard

Pickney answer:



“Yes, set the food within, but let no

one communicate with the prisoner ex—

cept on my written order. I will have

another sentry posted above.”



A soldier entered bearing a camp

ration, and a pannikin of water, and

placed these on the box. He said

nothing, and the colonel stood beside

the door watching, until I was left

alone. Then the iron shutter closed,

and I heard the bar which secured it

forced down into place. As I stared

about me at the bare, solid walls, I

knew that I was already condemned;

that the court-martial which would fol-

low would be only a mere form. Yet

for the moment this knowledge scarce-

ly penetrated my ‘consciousness——one

thing‘I remembered, her message. She

cared! She would serve me if she

could! Her thought of me was kind-

ly! I put the food on the floor un«

touched, and sat down on the box. I

wanted to live; I was young, ambi-

tious, and—I loved that girl. I real-

ized this truth clearly, and it became

the one ceaseless incentive to effort.

Her face arose before me, and I felt

that her message was meant for my

encouragement. She wanted me to

live; wished me to know that she was

not indifferent; trusted me to- accom-

plish all that a man could. And I

must act now, if at all. The time al-

lowed me was short—how short

could not even guess. I ate the food,

not from any sense of hunger, but be-

cause I needed it to keep up my

strength, my mind ever busy with the

problem. Would they give me a few

hours respite—opportunity to reflect?

If so, there was hope; I could plan

and work, with some faith that the

coming night would bring me a chance

for escape. I was alone, unwatched:

there was no place where an eye

could peer in on my movements. I

dragged the box Over to the» Window,

stood on it. and managed to dislodge

the bit of iron entangled in the grat-

ing. It proved to be part of a discard-

ed horseshoe. flung there carelesslv

by some farrier. and contained three

thin-headed nails. With difficulty I

loosened one of these, and fitted the

sharp edge into a screwhead of a shelf

bracket. The nail afforded little pur-

chase, and I tried three of the screws

before finding one loose enough to

turn. By this time my'fingers were

numband bleeding, yet the final suc-

cess set my heart throbbing with ex-

ultation. ,



The removal of the screw, which by.





H





chance was the lower one, enabled me

to insert the remnant of horseshoe be-

neath the bracket iron. Slowly, fear-

ful of creating alarm, this improvised

lever wrenched the bracket free, until

I was enabled to get firm grip on it

With my hands. With foot braced, and

every muscle strained, I worked that

bit of iron back and forth, tearing it

free, until I knew that another wrench

would_ separate it entirely from its

fastenings. Then I forced it back in-

to place again, pressed down the loos—

ened SCl‘eWS, carefully gatherer to-

gether the slight debris littering the

floor, and cast it into a dark corner.

The bracket seemed as solid as ever.

Now I must wait for night.





CHAPTER XVIII.





Under Death Sentence.





T was dreary waiting, for every un-

usuahsound reacning me brought

With it a throb of fear. That my



fate was already practically settled I

knew, but how long the delay might

he remained a problem. All I could

hope for was that final action might

be postponed until the morrow, thus

givmg me the protection of the night

in which to put my plans into execu-

tion. .Again and again I reviewed all

the Circumstances, so far as I under-

stood them, seeking to convince my-

self that this time would be permitted

me. Yet it was all guesswork, and I

doubted my own conclusions. Colonel

Pickney was evidently a stern and res-

olute officer, yet with a kindly expres-

s10n in his face, yielding me some

hope of delay. He would do his duty

undoubtedly, but was not a man to

take pleasure in the execution of such

a sentence involving a human life. He

would naturally postpone the inevit-

able as long as possible, in the hope

that I might change my mind, or that

some conditions might arise to relieve

him of the unpleasant responsibility.

He might even decide the matter of

suffiment importance to send me to

headquarters at Charleston, or hold

me under guard to await the arrival of

some higher oflicer. Fox, I felt con—

vmced, would use whatever influence

he possessed to delay action and

there was a faint hope in my mind

also that Noreen might even make a

plea to higher authorities in my be

half. I dare not believe she would.

but the vague dream of such a thing

recurred again and again to -my mind.

Of course I had no conception that

her thought centered on me, or that

there was any depth of personal feel-

ing in the slight interest she had al~

ready displayed by her request to Cap~

tain Fox. This was no more than the

natural expression of a tenderhearted

woman. We had been playmates and

friends: this fact alone was- sufficient

to Justify an effort on her part to pre-

vent my dying an ignominious death.

BeSides, my capture had occurred

through an attempt to serve her. This

was her plea for me, and no other;

this_ was the excuse with which she

Justified her interest in the case.- The

fact that she was legally my wife was

to be kept secret—was to be forgotten

forever,_ if possible. At first she had

been frightened at the situation, fear-

ful lest I urge our relationship as an

excuse for being with her; but now

she _was reassured by my silence. Be-

lievmg the secret safe in my keeping

she was willing to venture a word in

my behalf, actuated by dictates of hu-

manity. ‘

This was the conclusion to which I

came, and, indeed no other solution

appeared probable. But even this did

not evidence a dislike for me, a desire

to punish, or a deep feeling of ani-

mos1ty. This knowledge alone brought

me a real comfort, and a strengthen-

ing of courage. I listened at the door,

my ear pressed against the iron, dis«

tinguishing the tramp of the guard in

the corridor without, and occasionally

the low rumble of words, as though

there were two sentries on duty. To

learn all I could, I dragged the box to

a position below the window, and

standing on it, managed to gain a nar-

row glimpse Without, the vista reveal-

ing a. flap of dirty tent cloth and part

of an army wagon backed up against

the building, leaving barely enough

space for the guard to pace back and

forth the length of his beat. I could

see his blue-clad legs, with the white

stripe, cross and re‘cross in front of

me. . I tested the strength of the iron

grating with my hands, but the bars

Were firmly imbedded and immovable.



The afternoon brought me two visit-

ors. The first was an infantry cap-

tain, quick spoken and immaculate of

dress, who merely looked me over

much as an ,entomologist might exam-

ine a strange bug, commanding me to

yield a view of my profile. From cer-

tain questions asked I supposed him

endeavoring to identify me with some

suspicious character with whom he

had previously come in contact. What

conclusion the man reached, or what

report he made to Pickne , I am im-

able sassy, for he stalk out again





as silently as 'he had entered, and the





guard banged the door shut. The sun

must have been well dOWn in the west





I





 





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.1...“
JULY24.1915- ' T H E M I C H I G A N F A R-M ER 11—71





- . I had been ex- lieutenant had gone to his room. 001- escape for that night washlocked. It

B2331; olfiniettll'llgiling to his friendly onel Pickney has headquarters in the was the big fireplace opening into this





interest and with a fleeting hope that big stone house opposite the court room through which I had hoped to

Noreen’ might commission him to yard—”





emerge, but I coulddnevgr 1accgmplish

.rther message. Yet “The old Carter place.” . such hope in the mi st 0 t e _ancers.

ghlangmrdlrheiclm? loloked into his face, “Yes; I had forgotten you knew the And they might keep up their danc- -

shadowed by the fading light, I real- town. It can be seen from the hotel ing to so late an hour as to give me

ized that he brought no encouraging porch, and I had the curiosity to





t t h Sh _ 'd 1 h If an no opportunlity]:1 EGfOIle ddawn tohfimiif a: ;

art sank, but I kep a wa c . e was “151 e near y a p ace in w lo 0 e u e searc ' e _

grills; oanrnyh‘Ii’pS- hour, and returned by wayuof the the noise was in my favor, if I could ;

“I x ected to be (“It 0f here before street. Then she sent for me. . only be assured the chimney was wide \

’9 Ipsaid meaningly “yet I judge “She told you the result Of her 111‘ enough above to permit of my finally

EIOW’ u expression there is no re- terv1ew.” . reaching the roof. Once there I would

$23331? r “It was not even mentioned, but I





k h h d m t 'th success discover a wayddolwn. The band was

“ att,” be new 5 e a , e W1 no - a good one, an t e musicians playe

anséwggednoreggfiullfy.onfi’l‘h‘evyevidence _She seemed distressed, 1"“ was anx- with energy; I could even distinguish

against you is too strong. The delay 1011.5 that you Sho‘hd know. at once the the tapping of the leader’s foot on the

in convening a court has been caused seriousness 0f your posrtlon, 31,151 the floor almost directly above my head.

b the scarcity of ofl‘icers in camp. only hope 0f escape offered you. The noise made by the dancers was

03hr forage trains are just beginning _My_heart Was beating fiercely ht muffled and confused, and, while I

to return but it is now so late that this direct ewdence of her 1nteresltl 13 knew there were voices talking, and

Colonel P’ickney has decided to hold my affairs. She had even hum e could occasionally catch the sound .of

you prisoner until morning. I waited herself to beg for. me d chance, per‘ a laugh, the whole was merely'a din,

until the order was issued before com~ haps, to Colonel Pickney She hadheven entirely meaningless. The grlm 1n-

ing here. The court—martial is set for confessed “31”“th hgpe (gff ct zilngd- congruity of that merry. party above,

eight o’clock. mg his decision. ' “t t e e 013‘ a. dancing and laughing in the bright

“I am thankful for even that delay. maven ugelesszdheuhad “allied derms; light, and of myself in that black cell

There is I presume, no doubt as to Whmh S e ev1 en y COhS‘ ere un below, waiting. the certainty of death

the result?” worthy. h 9,, I k d 1 d1 “Y 11 the next mornlng, served to steel my

' “None so far as I can learn. You Wharf ope. ffas g cob 2f re ,, 0 resolve—the affair was like an insult,

fl” ' are a soldier Wyatt, and may as well mean t e teiams 0 er? me) te 0 't'hout and I felt my blood grow hot 1n my

face the truth. I have urged mercy on spgfirintgowe grave y, u WI velllnstashthe. ’Stlndms'thf th waltz and

- ' Di he finall 01" .. '- - , sc o 150 mnge W1 e uproaro

Eggggelng’ltgkraegb 1lhlalsubject. file is And dld MISS Harv: 0999 request you nimble feet. I would take the chance,

a strict disciplinarian, a bit of a marti- touurge my accep glee.“ so was to and it might as well be now. ‘

net indeed, and inclined to gke the acqlllgt’irlli? yIIroimlSith shepcolhfiitions to thI couldélear rigfihlngl'l or; tlhetguaé'd .1n

advice of a regular army 0 cer 1n relieve your suspense and permit 3,011 9 corn or, a oug 15.6119 1n-

such matters, rather than rely on vol- - i n liness. I was to tently, my ear against the iron door,

unteers. Has Raymond any SpeCIal :ollreallze her fre d





 





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mm to dislike you?” 5,, {1353: 553,336th not to urge iihréé‘gi ahéiélymio‘é‘éi"; Eiflile‘iv‘iififiig:

thf‘Only tfizgaéei’mpersonated mm in “And I thank you, Captain Fox, and tion would be made, at least not until

1s masq .





 





. . - . t midnight. To my judgment this

. . elation of her kind loyalty. Her mter— a ,.

Saleem“ 0f his Fame “‘1?“ tp9.153133% est has brought me happiness even $833 $103121?$§a2llroliie§n3°§§§ei3

llSt‘ The fellow ls naturla y vtmharbor here. But I cannot accept the terms half that time should prove sufficient

enough, bht .surely cou d non mat- offered by Colonel Pickney. I will give The band burst into harmony again——'

personal dIShke over hso in? 1a as him no information relative to General a polka I remember—and I tore free

ter.’ He paused heSI a ingyé of JaCkSOh'S command. My former de« the loos’ened su ort It made an ugly

thogsgih‘gdaogligg‘lirgf t“IetI‘II’1rSl)‘lpyfunill cision was fit? a1. tMy life iSd 0ft small bit of iron Welllpadapted for the pur-

pre ' account in t is s ru ge, an is pre- '. . ’ .

pdrqgllhrgfé wggtkobustolngaglemxcigdg; servation would beg no excuse for pose I had ln_m1nd. Not only could it

e 1





because

-——it is delicious

-—-it is refreshin





. ' ' ‘ babl ES

“Bah' that was mere chance, the beg you to express to her my appre- sentrles Were again relieved, pro y i

3 -——it is thirst-quenc ing





, th treachery » be used ifts a lever, but it was no mean --—and because it }is the clog!!!"

isting between _you relatlve” to e Fox rasped my hand firmly in both weapon or “59.1“ emergency. . bination of the t ree. at

fris'xpggstltugvgfilfihzspgigwl’rhgossible” I his 0w: I found the iron sheathing difficult





- - : trate and it must have require 2 marks COCA-COLA as a

- .. “I am lad of our decxs1on, Wyatt,’ to pene , . a , , ,

replied, somewhat surprisedt, 1501‘ my he said earnestly): “I had no doubt of El? fiftgen ‘1” twenty mintutesnéo friglé ; distinctive beverage.

be"? “”1 hggewiagsgggideg‘u: '1 know what it would be; nor do I think she e ‘3 g9 0086 SO as 0 1 e!

“ es; so . .





 





. . - ? point of my wedge. The effort tore % Demandt‘hegenuine and

Raymond is deeply interested in the golfinfol‘i Ehggi aandyhtthlng I can do. Any my hands terribly, but desperation E; avmd disapvomtment»

girl. Someone told me he acttuallgir “Only one; I would ask Miss Han gave) In]: tshtreltlhr'th “llhlcth finally prrliz‘isé 22 THE

Proposed .to her_ at West Pom ’ {an wood a single favor. It is that she {3) ac .e tmdsfee ioh llmtnh nec- % COCA-COLA CO.

sought thls detail in hope 0f meehlnfi write my mother the conditions of my ar oncle inser e f’ ‘1?th £1 ‘en to ”g Atlanta.Ga.

her agaln. The. .occurrence Wltlc death—a woman can do that best.” (I._ssla.lyboevtera1ge,_ Otrcllinbd eTllro er- 24

aroused my Shshlcm." that he fethi: He took an envelope from his Poole 3%? d are lilirtede EX]: fgdswaslebopno 4%



“1"" personal grudge agalnsth yeti wase his et, and a pencil. gnlégllllls ngiseless but’the blarin 03f the é’?



’1 know he promised er 0 us “How should such a letter be ad- ‘ > .. . gd (1 /////

influence to have you sent to Charles- dressed?” band drowned the rasplng soun , anh Mutant-4%

ton for trial, Wt mSteah hfl. urge: “Mrs. Margaret Wyatt, Goldsboro, glhebled m? to “Greg: 53533253}, d X’fiiiifififl/

C°l§39ltyplcf2§§nE‘édet’iietce‘siii it: Elfin North Carolina" ‘3 ”9mg gave ’ ~



au rl . -





””0 \\

n “I can promise you it shall be done. I foot-hold, together with a new_faith in of Coca‘Colfi //’///I1llllll\\\\\\\

room, and overhgard. sincerely wish, Wyatt, we had met un- ih-V “”8332? success. .It.W31t8%in1§i -

“You told her. h 1 d der pleasanter circumstances. This is weerll e {in}??? recon mgogsl for

, “NO; I have 110‘; seen t1? ytoungafieil: a sad ending to what might have been musc (is! an . ‘5 eglng (:1!le corr¥dor'

in)? IIIlelsinIvi‘llvgll élnde lcfeft Illlat I a lasting friendship; I confess I have gilllyv 1:21:11???" Saoguanin felverighly to the

o eco . -. _n , .e , ,,

had better consult 9Yg’ith you fiI‘St- He lehglgg foyéhhecgglgéifigggfii I respond- wlork the moment the band resumed

ha§ “gt been here. ed earnestly, feeling deeply his friend- 1) EX’h‘g- d . I thought In ef-

,, . . th t h in- liness. “My experiences of war have ‘ 83111 1311., {@211}: th b- L7. _ 'yld (1

He informed Pickney a1 (:3 . not made me bitter, and I know there fort wou'd ‘Idl, 313 _ ef any? yle ef

tended to come. He apparerllty 351d; re men on both sides. I am simply lllCh'by med, burstingd‘rgm . elgrlpro

ed to knoyir Just how yon eiancaa me doing my duty, as you are doin the rivets asl Eugcee do flfi allnffvlhi

assume hls name, and prficureht ll yours, and there is no enmity between levelage, uh“ ‘ {01,8911 uuy 5? 't

necessary uniform, but 1, 03g 9 us. And," in spite of every effort at iron (,ultaln back“ at , h3.tnlnllllg11d Those Garrick...”

might have some other .obJect.h t R ‘ control my voice faltered, “you will against the wall, and t 1ills Ileveae '1' how and Other

lié 13%;? ngléggrgigldgésrrpgobagg, tell Miss Harwood how much her mes- the black opening Into t e c 1mney. yp

on





 





 





 





 





 





a e of kindnesg meant to me_” .It was there Just as I had remembered Dangerous Diseases.



true, and that, whether he agtually 5 {$1 certainly will, my lad—is that all? 1t, and the proof brought me fgesh Youcandonmonteflecmcw



knew “5 or not, .he had reason 0 sus- It may not be possible for me to come hope, and renewed determlna ion. by preventing fly-eggs from



DICIOII my relationship With the lady again.” There was danger ahead, yet the most gatciglltzdrénhlotahioghd'ggglieggd



was equally a few? Yet really he knew “There is HOthing else; JaCkson Will dlflicult part Of my desperate under‘ Egaxuthe moot eficctlve Substance



“Othlng’ nor was It my pr1v1lege to en‘ learn the truth through other sources taklng had been accomphShed- for this purpose. Its application is



lighten hlm' I felt no_pangs Of 3931‘ __0'ood_by and may God guard you” I knelt down and stared breathless- verysimple. Just sprinkle zouncesot



ousy, for, from what httle I .had 9b‘ flGood-b’y,” 1y into the yawning cavity, and thrust 20 M I T B



served, Noreen had treated him With Our hands clung our eyes met and my head into the opening seeking for u e eam orax



marked COldneSS' There COUld be no ’ ' ’ - me learn of light above. There (the sameBorax you have alwaysused



' t' ‘ b t' een t en he turned away’ WlthOUt ventur SO g myour home) in the garbagecaneach



great degree of m lmacyh e Wh' ing to glance back; the door closed was none, nor was there any smell of daythmughafloursmcromleve. For



.them'. 01‘ She W‘mld he? Cthsenclm behind him, and I stood staring at it smoke. This discovery relieved one manure piles, apply loouncesof 20Mule



1n. thls emergency, rat er “rid 3th" through blurred vision. I was still anxiety, while it brought a new prob— ngrllnBéllgxsgglg giggéggfstggggemgga l



talh FOX' But She had reveale o standing there motionless when the-lem. Had the oldtlme fireplaces been gpflnkle mm water, ' E

J... neither officer the fact 13f our malt‘: iron barrier opened again a few inches permanently closed. SO as to. compel For J'ale'By an beaten '3'



rlage; 1t. was “Gt so m,“ has suspefi and the hand of a soldier pushed a tin me to climb to the very roof in order ‘4‘



ed and It woulfl. be Ufa-c eryfi‘g‘encg containing fOOd along the floor. to obtain an exit? The opening which



£12? lgtfiz‘eglreewahlipegilenég $331.6 sufli: “Here’s y‘Our supper, Johnny,” growl. I had uncovered was sufficiently large





. , - - 9d .a, V0109 indistinctly, “an’ I guess to ermit the squeezing through of my



elent t1? 01393113,)w‘gi'fgirlfiev‘zguigvggi you won’t be bothered any more to- botfy, and, once within the chimney I make

.1. ffievgtofy to Fox. While I liked the In???“ 1 d . _ th found ample space 111 Whloh to explore.

man, and had abundant confidence in was a rea y quite dUSk in e





his discretion yet if I was destined to cell, but outside the grated Window a , (To be continued). Your Fa une

die, the secret had better perish with campfire burned, and the red glare _Grow Wheat





me, while if I did escape, she would found way through the bars, and ren-





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





‘ dered the interior visible I sat on the JUST THINK'



' ' - " - . Nowisthetimefor outocometoCanada

L r,eSpeCt me the OInSI‘gflf gog§&?nes‘fgp box, and choked down what food I wherethousandsoffkmerican farmersare

I llstitigdthlgygoglsllg 05f the (gimp g Could, endeavoring to drive away the By MARGARET ERSKINE,





,, . . ,, feeling of depression in which Fox had ' - th t the SR ’s all a-blue,

.HOW 1s m vaafigiokfd afl‘igg’ 1:111:13 left me. I needed now strength and JuSt $11221: 3,5 all a yolden glOW'

$3331 ht: jiggihm'ed of the lieutenant’s courage to front the one chance left. Ah e S“ g ’





making fortunesgrowingwheat. The Can—

adian Government now offers you your

choice of 125,000 recently surveyed





 





 





' 9” All the clouds but a dreamland fancy; Free, fertile farms

“3113? 'no means, Captain. If the man CHAPTER XIX. And you will soon find it so. giggfiggéglyagggggdggé‘qgfivflgemefi

exhibits bitterness toward me, it can - . pickofthebestrarms,



. _ have no bearing 119011 her. She iS nat- The One Path Of Escapen Just think that the world’s all a-smlle, LowratBSandspecial stopoverprlv-lleges



‘ _ urally interested in saving the life of HERE was absolutely nothing for



I an old playmate, and I imagine under-





for settlers every Tuesday. Come now.

Write today for our Free Books, “Home-

seekers' Guide," “Bread-basket. of the l

World,” “Peace River Country"—-an





d

any information you wish aboutgthis ’

wonderful country. l





. . With a welcome all loving for you;

me to do but wait, but it was , , ,,

stands pretty well Raymond’s charac- hard to judge time. My watch That it dried all its tears at your com-

, ter, without your information. I doubt had been taken from me, and I was mg;

if she really trusted the fellow even fearful lest I choose a wrong hour for And you will soon find it true.

} when shetrréadel Itlimaitl messenhgerflf” my exploit. The niiiise lot the 681.)th

“So do , 01‘ a er e wen erse . without was some gu‘ e, owever, u , , . . . .

“To Colonel Pickney." as the evening lengthened, a band he Its JuSt thinking the gloom or the

“Yes, an hour ago, after Raymond





gan playing overhead, and I couldrhear sunshine,

returned with his report. Iwas at the the sound of feet on the floor above.





R. P. BELL. Gen. Agent. 1

64 W.Adams 8t. Chic-10.1". l

I

I

l





 





     

 

 





(“:1er





h t 1 (1 he 1. t th 'd E (1 t1 (1 _ . It’s just living the gold or grey, 1i” ill”, CANADIAN



' o e, an saw . 1‘ SID ou _e 81.9 vi on y a ance was in progress in - _



door, with a shawl thrown over her the big court room, and for the mo- That W11} make us a pathway 0f moun I NORM RY .

head. This lady eyldentIYdid not wish ment my heart seemed to stop beat- tams,





 





to be, seen, and had waited, until the ing in a sudden fear that my plan of Or molehills to cross on the way.





 





When writing advertisers mention Michigan Parnel- :-
72—12





THE'MICHIGAN





FARM-ER





 





JULY 24, 1915.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





\TVT





W0ma1] and





Her Needs





 





 





 





 





At Home and Elsew ere





 





 





 





‘\





 





 





£





A Case of Criminal Negligence





E are very proud of our Amer-



‘A/ ican girls. We admire their



independence, their ability to

“take care of themselves” as we put

it, and we make our boast that a girl

or a woman can travel fzom Maine to

California unmolested, protected by

her sex and the chivalry of our men.

Our greatest national boast is the

freedom of our women, and we are

justly proud of it. But like everything

else American, do we not carry it too

far and make of it license? To be

more explicit, are our young girls not

given altogether too much freedom?



We make fun of the European idea

of a chaperone. Even in the so—called

upper classes where the chaperone

might be expected to reign she is al-

most unknown, or simply known to be

flouted. While in the small towns and

country places the very suggestion of

having an older person about is un-

dreamt of. Our girls do not need to

be. watched, they know how to take

care of themselves, we say.



But do they? surround them

with ignorance, which we misname in-

nocence, and turn them loose to “have

a good time.” They dance and drive

and row and motor with boys and men

of all ages from 15 to 50 year , unat-

tended by an older woman, often un—

accompanied by anyone at all except

their esc01t. Occasionally the girl



makes a confidant of her mother, more





‘C e





often not, and never does the mother

have the entire confidence. At the

most emotional time of her life, the





young girl is turned out uninstructed,

absolutely ignorant of the meaning of

her moods and impulses, and that so

many of them. come through unharm-

ed is due to the goodness of God rath-

er than to the care of'the mothers.



The girl is left to choose her own

company, to pick her own husband, ab-

solutely without advice in the major-

ity “of cases. She marries, not with

any idea of what she is doing, or with

any proper conception of the real

meaning of love, but. because it is her

mating time and some one of the men

she knows proposes. Then when things

go wrong and divorce follows, we talk

wisely about our great national evil,

divorce.



The national evil is not divorce. It

is. paternal negligence. If we would

tell our children what marriage really

means, if we would watch them as

carefully through the teens and early

twenties as We do in babyhood, the

divorce evil would be mitigated. Nine-

tenths of the bad marriages could be

averted by a little diplomacy on the

part of the parents. But the diplo-

macy must begin early. In fact it

must be started in the child’s infancy

and kept up through life.





It should start when the 15-year-old,





daughter first begins to talk about

beaux. Gently, but firmly, her youth-

ful mind should be guided into a san-

er channel, for 15 years is far too ten-

der an age to think of beaux, much

less to acceptattentions from boys or

men of any age. The wise mother will

plan different interests and absolutely

refuse to allow so young a girl to en-

tertain young men callers.



The watchfulness will follow farther

along the years‘to the time when the

daughter, a little older grown, is plan-

ning for moonlight drives and walks

alone with a male escort. A little tact—

fulness on the mother“ 5 part can make





the excursion into a party of six or

eight, with an older person in the

group. The daughter should be taught,

too, that there is a happy medium be-

tween prudery and the familiarity

which breeds contempt.



The American girl is all right, of

course. She is ours and we have to

swear by her. But she might be im-

proved upon. Careful pruning is as

necessary to make a perfect girl as to

make a perfect shrub or tree, and it

needs to be kept up longer. There

never is a time when the mother can

place her daughter entirely upon her

honor and cease to watch her. She

can let the daughter think she is on

honor from a tender age, but the ma-

ternal espionage must never cease if

there are to be no regrets.



DEBORAH.





KEEP SWATTING THE FLY.

BY 11. A. BEREMAN.



It is estimated that one person in

five dies of some disease that is car-

ried by the fly. A hundred thousand

Americans die every year of typhoid

fever, and the common house fly is

the principal carrier of this dread

scourge. During the Spanish war flies

killed more soldiers than Spanish bul-

lets. In spite of the more favorable

surroundings generally, typhoid is

more prevalent in the country than in

the city.



Every year the public is cautioned

repeatedly against this danger by pub-

licati01.s telling in specific terms how

to control the fly plague. Yet the peo-

ple at large, especially the people liv-

ing in villages and rural districts, do

very little towards preventing fly con-

tagion. Most folks are too busy with

their personal or commercial affairs;

they are apathetic and seem to believe





 





3%





that “what you don’t see don’t. hurt

you.” After a beloved daughter or a

stalwart son has been laid away as a

victim of typhoid or some other fly

disease it is too late to take precau-

tions.



The one right procedure in this mat-

ter is for all high-minded and public

spirited persons to help educate all of

the people in the life history of the

fly and to emphasize the need for pre-

vention as a means of preserving the

health.



A fly lays 500 eggs usually in stable

manure but often in human excrement

and other forms of filth and decaying

matter. The eggs hatch into maggots

and in 10 to 15 days they mature into

adult flies; from 10 to 13 generations

are produced in one season. Thus one

fly we neglect to kill early in the sea-

son may produce millions by autumn.



Not only are flies propagated in filth

but being universal scavengers they

feed on filth as readily as upon human

food. They carry germs of disease on

their legs, deposit them on human

food and thus spread disease. In ad-

dition they are a tremendous personal

annoyance. .



We can not make “musca domesti-

ca” wipe their feet before coming into

the house but we can destroy their

breeding places or screen them away

from the flies; we can kill them with

fly-paper, traps and the swatter; we

can place wire netting in the windows

and doors of our dwellings to keep

the flies out; we can protect‘human

food by screens.



For the farmer this program means

spreading daily, all stable manure,

or storing it in tight boxes or pits un-

til ready for the fields, or spraying

the manure piles with arsenate ’of

soda to kill the maggots. It means

garbage receptacles, etc. It means

screening all privy vaults, cess—pools,

cleaning up all filth and trash and

keeping things so clean that flies will





Hillllllllllllllllllllllllllllli|Illlllllill|IH||I|llIIlIllI!lllllllllllllllllilllllllll|lllI“!llllHIHHlIlHlll|itIlllllIif'lllHllIllll“IllllllllllllllllllllilltllllllIllllllllill|lllllllIllllllllllllllllltllfllllIlllllllllllllIHIIIlHllllIHIIHHHHHHI





 





A DESIGN IN TATTING.





 





111' was. EARL TAYLOR.



A pretty tatting for use in curtains

or in other places where a turned cor-

ner is necessary, is here illustrated.

When made of coarse thread it can be





made quite rapidly and makes a dur?





able trimming.



To make: Make a ring with eight

picots with 3 ds between each. Make

every other picot a little longer than

those in between as they will be used

in joining. Make 6 ds, join to one of

the long picots in ring just made;

make 6 ds again and draw up. .



Now chain 3 ds. picot three times,

then chain 3 ds again. Nextmake a

ring of 3 ds, picot, 2 ds, picot until

you have 3 picots. Then 3 ds, draw





 





cot three times, 3 ds, and then anoth-

er ring 'of 6 ds, 'and join onto next

long picot in center and so On around.



I fastened the medallions together





up. Now make the chain of 3 ds, 111- as I made them.





_A.'A,





 





not invite themselves to the premises.



As flies travel considerable dis-1

tances it may sometimes be necessary

for neighborhood clubs and co~opera~

tive associations to unite to suppress

the fly evil. Legislation tending to

lessen the menace from this. source-

should be enecated.





HOME QUERIES.





 





Household Editorz—Will some read-

er give me full directions for making

salt rising bread? Also how to keep-

fruit pies from running over in' the

oven?—Young Cook.



We are over- run with big black ants

which were brought in with the wood.

They get into every dish I put in the

warming oven Please give me some





idea how to get rid of them —~A Sub—

scriber.





A teaspoonful of tartar emetic in a

a saucer of sweetened water will rid

you of ants. Buy five cents worth at

your drug store.



Household Editor: ——In reply to Mrs.

A. A. of Plainwell, for a recipe for

canning st1awbe111es without heating.

Mash berries to a smooth pulp, meas-

ure, and to each bowl of berries put a

bowl of g1anulated sugar, stir while

sugai is dissolved, then can, sealing

securely. Currants may be canned in

the same way, being sure that every

berry is crushed. I have canned both

in this way and when opened they

were like fresh gathered fruit. This

was taken from the Michigan Farmer

many, years ago and I have gladly re—

turned it, hoping it may help others

as it has me. My fruit has always

kept perfectly.—M1s. L. M. ,Fremont.



Household Editor: ——Perhaps this is

the recipe for canning strawberries

asked for by M1s. A. A. Select firm,

slightly under—ripe berries, wash ber-

ries, drop them into jars Which have

been sterilized, shake berries down

but do not press them. Place new

rubber on jar and fill to overflowing

with heavy boiling syrup. Seal at

once. Make syrup as follows: Boil

one quart of granulated sugar and,

one quart of water together for 20

minutes, this makes one and a fourth

pints of syrup. Currants and blackber-

ries may be canned the same way.





. Strawberries should be canned as soon





as possible after picking—B. W.



Household Editorz—Just read, the

request of Mrs. A. A., Plainwell, for

strawberries canned without heat. Am

sending mine. Used same last winter

Which were canned five years ago this

summer and they were just like fresh.

Mash strawberries thoroughly, prefer—

ably by putting through colander.

Measure, add one cup of sugar to each

cup of pulp. Stir several times dur—

ing the next 24 hours. Fill cans and

seal. In a few weeks they will be fill-

ed with bubbles as though they were

working, but do not be alarmed. That

is 'only the nature of the' stuff. RaSp-

berries, currants, etc, may be canned

the same way. ~Mrs. S.



Household Editor. —~The recipe Mrs

of Plainwell, asks for is as fol-

lows: Mash" strawberries through a,

colander and add a cup of sugar to

each cup of mashed berries. Put in

cans that have been sterilized and

dried, as water will make them spoil.‘

Be sure to get'out all the air and fill

cans as full as possible, being sure

lids are on tight. It is beSt to test the

cans by filling with water and turning

them upside down the day before.





-W-rap cans in papers and pack away





_; _-’.__... -<- _.. :~ _





A‘»—
l‘





 





‘ i





JULY 24, 1915.





in abox in a dark cool place. This

recipe is in high favor with several of

my friends, but I prefer them canned

whole, as what appeals to the eye, ap-

peals to the taste, too, is my theory.

I hull the berries in water and drain

them dry. When dry I pack them in

cans and set in a warm place while I

cook a heavy syrup of sugar and wa-

ter. This I pour over the berries boil-

ing hot, having a knife in the can so

it Will not break, and covers in hot

water. Let out the air, fill very full

and screw covers on tight. Have a

cloth and a little warm water in a

pail or tub and when cans are all in,

pour on boiling water, nearly up to

rubbers. Cover closely with blankets

and 'let set one hour. If any of the

covers bulge up, loosen slightly, press

on top to let air out and seal tightly.

Berries canned in this manner do not

wither up like those cooked in cans

on the stove and are pronounced de-

licious by all who have eaten them.#

Mrs. M. K.





KOHL RABI.





 





BY CHARLOTTE BIRD.



.Kohl rabi is a vegetable which de-

serves to be better known than it is

to the majority of American homes.

In shape and flavor it is somewhat

like a turnip, but more delicate. It

also somewhat resembles cabbage in

that it grows in a head and has leaves

which resemble degenerate cabbage

leaves. It is certainly an odd-looking

growth. It is cooked in different ways

about like the turnip.



Its culture offers no special difficul-

ties. In the latitude of Michigan the

seed may be sown indoors in Febru-

ary or out of doors from late April to

July, but if it is to have time to ma-

ture, not later than July 15. It will

come up in from six to eight days. To

do its best it requires a temperature

of about 70 degrees. When large

enough it should be transplanted in

rows two feet apart and the plants

should stand from nine to 12 inches

apart in the rows.



Kohl rabi must be eaten before it is

fully grown, that is, before the skin

hardens. This is because age makes

this vegetable too tough and fibrous

for table use.





A PANSY FAN.





 





BY MRS. JEFF. DAVIS.



A very attractive way to plant a

pansy bed is in the shape of a fan. A

partly shaded corner of the flower gar—

den is an ideal place for this. Dig up

the ground, fertilize it well, make the

edge a neat semi-circle, and then fill

with pansy plants as follows: Place

them in converging rows, coming to-

ward the edge like the sticks of a

fan. This is more effective if this is

planted in a northeast or northwest

corner, so that the pansy faces all

turn toward the open space. This ar«

rangement also permits of more culti—

vation than if the plants are scattered

at random over the bed.





SHORT CUTS TO HOUSEKEEPIN‘G.





 





' I was helping care for flowers for a

funeral at one time when it was very

hot. Some fine pieces were sent in

but it was so warm they began to wilt

and it was feared would not keep until

morning. I placed them in a tub in

the cellar and put over the top of the

tub a sheet doubled just to cover and

wrung from water as before just so

it did not drip. In the morning the

flowers were even fresher than when

first sent and kept much better than

those that had the stems in water.—

I. B. M. .,



‘To clean a white Milan hat scour

with pipe clay. Use a rag torub it

on with and use the clay dry. This

rwill soon remove the “tan” from the





hat :and. it-will look nearly-as goodias'

. neW.‘—Mrs. Farmer. - = ,.





’ WA- thinlcoating made of three parts

lard, melted with one part resin and





THE MIC'HIGAN FARMER





applied to stoves and grates will pre-

vent them rusting when not in use.

—M. A. P. ‘



Molasses Cookies—One large cup

of sugar, one cup of molasses, two

eggs, one tablespoon of soda, one tea-

spoon of salt, one teaspoon of ginger.

Mix soft.—O. C. M.



In storing your furs for the summer

use a tin box. You can store them

in it without dampness, moths or any

destroying element. A large tin buck

et with a tight fitting cover might an-





»swer the same purpose as the tin box.





—M. A. P.



Our insane asylums are filled with

women who “braced up” when they

should have relaxed. If your nerves

are at such high tension that you

can’t lean back, shut your eyes and

let everything go.——L. M. T.





HELPFUL HINTS.



I would like to pass along some

things that have come to me. First,

I will tell what kerosene did for me.

Last year I used pure kerosene as 8.

Spray on my onions just as they were

coming up, and once later used the

potato sprayer. I did not lose a dozen

onions by insects. I have a paint pail

half full of kerosene, stand corn cobs

in it until the pail is full and use one

to build a fire each time. There is no

danger of an explosion.



Last summer I tried to take a

grease spot out of a white dress with

benzine. It did not have any effect,

so I used peroxide of hydrogen on it

and it cleaned it all right. A friend

told me to clean rugs I should turn

them face down on snow when there

was a crust, and beat them. This

worked fine. Of course, one has to

change them to a new place often.

—J. D.





MICHIGAE FARMER PATTERNS.





 





Our latest Fashion Book, containing

illustrations of over 400 designs of

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trousers. Cut in 4 sizes: 3, 4, 5 and 6

years. It requires 3% yards of 27-

1nch material for a four-year size.

Price 10c.



No. 1265—Child’s bathing suit. Cut

in five sizes: 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 years.

It requires 5% yards of 27—inch mate-

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No. 1307—Ladies’ corset cover and

petticoat. Cut in three sizes: Small,

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um size without the ruffle, which will





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Price 100.

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13—73





_

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(12)





 





 





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Cafe. Light. Strong. Dur-

able. Can be used repeat~~ ‘

odly. Box to left. equipped

to carry safely .10 doz. eggs.

or partitions for 4 doz.

Eggs. Butter, Chicken,

Fruit. or Vegetables, Pos-

ta 0 empty second zone 90.

fllfiad with eggs 24c. Either

et lo 500. To the right

a line looking safe box

9 nipped with common

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direct or by Express to mar-

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turn. Price 450. Either box

fine for picnic purposes. all

kinds of Butter and Egg ship-





 





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Abolish Your“ | “



Unsanitary Outhouse 'mRYTfllsuflpr-REE

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a





BOYS WATCH.





Every boy, young or old. would be proud to carry

one of these watches. It is 16 size, with a nickel

case. Stem set and wind. Regular watch movement

with hair spring. Guaranteed by the makers and

repaired free of charge for one year, if given ordi-

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easily earn one in one afternoon. ‘



The watch alone free for sending three subscrip-.





 





 





tions to the Michigan Farmer.
THE MICH'I’GAN FARMFuR





, JULY 24.1915.~ .





 





 





74—14

Fit":llllllllllllllllllllllllllmllllllllillllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllillllllllllilillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfl 20.50; No. 1’b'mixed ‘$18@18.'50; No. 1 eggs -' 28@30c‘p'er dozen; loose hay .is grassy V cows showingv irregularde-

' clover $.14@.15, 4 , offered sparingly and brings around clines. - ' .. _ , , .

New York.—~Firm. Prime $26.50; $22 per ton. . Hogs have: undergone the (usual





M a rkets . . .

ll||||llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllIlIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillIllllllllllfllllllllllflllfllllllfi

‘ W EATHER FOR ECAST.





Weekly weather forecast for~week

beginning Wednesday, July 21. ‘For

region of Great Lakes the weather will

be generally fair and moderate tem-

peratures likely until near the end of

the week when, warm weather is

probable.





%





 





 





GRAINS AND SEEDS.





 





July 20, 1915.



Wheat—The weather upheld the

price of wheat last week. Rains in

Kansas and Nebraska and over the

central states soaked the grain fields

and delayed harvesting operations

away beyond the usual time. Not only

that, but a considerable damage has

been done the standing grain, as well

as to much of that already in shock.

Only about five per cent as much new

wheat has been marketed to date this

year as for the corresponding period

last year. Farmers in the west are

also holding the grain they have al-

ready threshed, believing that better

prices will be realized later on. For-

eign markets also show firmness and

there appears to be more interest tak-

en by European buyers in the 'Ameri-

can crop than has been shown at any

time during the past fortnight. On

Monday’s market there was a gain of

one cent for cash and two cents for

September and December wheat. One

year ago No. 2_red wheat was quoted

at 811/20 per bushel. Quotations for

the past week are:





No. 2 No. 1



Red. White. Sept.

Wednesday . .1.28 1.25 1.09 lé

Thursday ...... 1.. 3 1.30 1.10 1A;

Friday ......... 1.28 1.25 1.12

Saturday ...1.28 1.25 1.11

Monday . . . . .1.29 1.26 1.13

Tuesday ........... . 1 09





Chicago—July wheat $1.11; Sept.

$1.06; Dec. $1.08%.



Corn—Crop conditions constitute

the important factor in maintaining

corn values, although the steady

tone of wheat has supported the bulls

in their efforts to keep prices up. The

crop in the big corn states is from

two to three weeks late, so that unus-

ual weather conditions Will have to

prevail to allow the crop‘to ripen be-

fore frost. There is an improvement

in the quality of the grain coming to

market. One year ago No. 3 corn was

quoted locally at 74%c per bushel.





Quotations for the week are as fol--





lows:





No.3 No. 3





Wednesday 80





~Thursday ‘80 81

Fl‘iday.............. 80 .81

Saturday ........... 80 1/3 81 1,5

Monday ............. 0 81

Tuesday ............ 80 1A . 81 1,5



l Chicago—July corn 770; Sept.

72.50; Dec. 63.10. g



‘ ‘ Oats.—-—Moderate offerings and a





good demand have maintained the

market on a firm basis. Weather con-

ditions are delaying the harvest along

the Ohio valley and in many sections

the crop has been damaged by Wind

and excessive moisture. One year ago

the price of standard oats was 39%0





per bushel. Quotations for the week

are:

No.3

Standard. White.

\Vedne’sday . . . . . . . . 56% 56

Thursday ......... . . 57 56 %

Friday .............. 57 56%

Saturday ............ 57 561/2

Monday ............. 57 ' 56%

Tuesday ............ 57 , 561/2

Chicago.~AJuly oats 48.80; Sept.

37.6c; Dec. 39.20.





Rye—This grain is inactive and the

price for cash No. 2 has 'declined to

980 per bushel; August 940.



Beans—The demand for beans is



light; prices nominally steady with

‘last week. Detroit quotations: Cash

$2.80; Aug, $2.90. Chicago trade quiet

:and steady. Pea beans, hand-picked

‘choice, quoted at $3.18@3.25; common

$3@3.15; red kidneys $3.25@3.65.



¥ 'Clover Seed.——Prime spot $8.30; 00—

ltober $8.50; alsike $8.65.



‘ Timothy Seed.——Prime spot $3.





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





Flour.—Jobbing lots in one-eighth

paper sacks are selling on the Detroit

market per 196 lbs.,' as follows: Best

patent $6.50; seconds $6.20; straight

‘ g3 ;50 spring patent $7.10; rye flour





Feed.—In 100-1b. sacks, jabbing lots

are: Bran $25; standard middlings

$29; fine middlings $32; cracked corn

$28; corn and oat chop $30‘per ton.



Hays—Market is firm. Carlots on

the track at Detroitare: No. 1,tim—

othy‘$20-.50(fi)21: standard $20©20 50:

No. 2, $18.50@19; light mixed $20@





lllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





' MiX'ed.’ Yellow. ' @

' 81





,were offered at 650; "lettuce 150;





No. 1, $22.50; No. 2, $24.50; shipping

$20 per ton. . .



Straw.——Rye straw $9@9.50; wheat

and oat straw $7027.50 per ton.





DAIRY-AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





 





Butter.—Market is easy on account

of heavy offerings. PriCes lower. Ex-

tra creamery 25c; firsts 240; dairy

210;'packing stock 180.



Elgin.—Prices are lower as a result

of large offerings. 'At present prices

business should improve. Quotations

for the'week 250 per pound.



Chicago.‘—A steady feeling exists at

prices about 10 lower'than lastlweek.

A moderate business is being done,

extras and lower grades selling best.

Extra creamery 251/20; extra firsts

241/2c; firsts 236023140; seconds 21@

221/30; packing stock 190.



Poultry.——Market steady and supply

moderate Hens are 1c lower; others

unchanged. Live—Broilers No. 1

23@240; No. 2, 20@21c; hens 14@

141/20; ducks 15@160; geese v10@110.



Chicago.—'—Demand is fair and offer~

ings are moderate. Prices are un-

changed. F‘owls, good weights 130; spg

chickens-190;“ducks 130; young ducks

14@15c; geese 8@90; spring geese 14

@150; guinea hens $2.75@3 per dozen.



Eggs—Market steady on account of

light offerings. Prices lower. Fresh

stock sells at 180 per dozen.



ChiCago.—Market firm with prices

higher; conditions favor sellers. Mis—

cellaneous lots, cases included 14@

17c; ordinary firsts 1614@161,éc; firsts

171/1 @171/é0.



Veal.——Quoted steady at 13@131/20

for fancy, and 10@1lc for common.





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





Cherries—In demand at $2.25@2.50

per bushel. -



ChicagohRuling prices favorable to

buyers. Montmorency 16—qt. case 900;

others 750; sweet $1.25@1.50.



Raspberries.—Steady and in de-





 





mand. Reds are quoted at $4.25@

4.50; blacks at $3@3.25 per 24ot.

case. ‘





Chicago.——Market is steady for all

kinds. Soft and mouldy hard to dis-

pose of. Quotations: Blacks $1.15@

1.25 per 16-qt. case; in poor condition

$1; reds $1.50@1.75 per‘24'—pt. case;

small and soft down to $1.25.



Blackberries—Active at $2.75@3 per

24-qt. case.



Chicago—Market steady. Michigan

dewberries sell at $1.25@1.50 per 16-

qt. case; 24-qt. Indiana Eldorado are

quoted at $1.50@1.65.



Gooseberries.——Are selling well at

$2@2.25 per bushel.



Chicago—«Large, sound berries are

in good demand. Downings sell for

$131.25 per 16-'qt. case; others 900





Currants.—Cherry currants sell well

at $2.75 per bushel; smaller kinds at

$2@2.25.



Chicago.-—;Demand is good for large

desirable goods. Cherry currant, 16-

qt. case, $1@1.15; others 75@900.





WOOL.



Boston—With the broadening out of

the market for woolen goods the trade

in raw material becomes firmer and

prices are advancing for nearly all

grades.

more pronounced by reason of the

fact that everyone concerned is opti-

mistic of the future, and consequently

holders are not pushing sales. There

seems, however, to be less specula-

tion than usual. VVools from the fleece

states are'arriving at, the eastern mar-

kets, but not in the usual volume. Do-

mestic demand for fine clothing and

repeat orders have forced manufactur-

ers to go into the market for the bet-

ter grades. Michigan'unwashed de-

laines are‘quoted'here at 28@290; do.

combing 29@350; do. clothing 24@300.





 





GRAND RAPIDS.





 





Local fruit growers estimate that

150,000 bushels of peaches will be sold

on the Grand Rapids market from 10—

cal orchards this season. The crop of

Duchess apples will also be heavy. A

fair yield is reported of plums, pears

and grapes and half a 'crop of winter

apples. Sour cherries are bringing

around 750 per half-bushel; red rasp-

berries $1.60 per crate; blackcaps

$1.30; gooSeberries $1; currants 750.

New potatoes, are worth around 50@

220; green peas 40@500; wax beans



0.





 





DETROIT EASTERN-MARKET.





Produce moved fairly well on the

Eastern market Tuesday morning at

prices 'that were only fairly satisfac-

tory to the sellers. Cabbage has been

a disaDDthment this year, Owing to

the.large southern crop. It is now

selling 'here‘ at 250. New. potatoes

‘ but-

ter... ans. 750; peas 60‘@,65c: red raiSD-

berries -22@250 per 'qrt; "blacks 150;,





 





' for Monday.





The strength of the market is.





LIVE 'STO’OK MARKETS.





Buffalo.

July 19, 1915.

(Special Report of Dunning & Stev-

ens, New York Central Stuck

Yards, Buffalo, N. Y.) .



Receipts here today as follows: Cat-

tle 148 cars; hogs 92 d. d.; sheep and

lambs 15 d. d.; calves 1200 head.



With 148 cars of. cattle on Our mar.-

ket here today and 16,000 reported in

Chicago, all the strictly dry—fed, and

near dry-fed sold full strong, quality

considered, and in some instances a

dime higher than last week. The com-

mon and half-fat slippery kind of all

grades and description were dull and

unevenly lower from 1560250 per cwt.

we think there is no doubt but what

the good quality, good fat cattle, and

especially the weighty kind, will sell

strong and probably somewhat higher

from this time on, but we once more

want to caution our shippers about the

thinnish half-fat kinds, as at the close

of themarket there were probably. 20

cars of that kind of cattle left‘unsold.



We had a moderate supply of'hogs

here today, about 90 double decks, and

a rather slow and 5@100 lower mar-

ket on everything but pig stuff. Heavy

hogs again ruled dull; choice grades

weighing around 300 lbs. quotable at

$7.75@7.90; 250 average, around $8@

8.10, and light mixed weighing from

180 up to 210, $8.20@8.25; the lighter

weights from $8.30@8.35; pigs and

lights $8.40@8.50; roughs generally

$6.50; stags $5@5.75. Late market

was dull on everything excepting the

light stuff and several loads of medi-

um weights going over unsold.



The market was slow on lambs and

sheep today. with prices steady with

the close of last week; most of the

choice lambs selling at $8.50. Look

for steady prices last of week with

moderate receipts.



\Ve quote: Lambs $8@8.50; cull to

fair $6@7; yearlings $6@7; bu‘cks $3

@450; handy ewes $5.50@6; heavy

ewes $4.50@5; wethers $6@6.75; 'cull

sheep $3@4; veals, choice to extra

$10@10.25; fair to good $7@9.50;

heavy calves $5@7.50.





 





 





Chicago.

July 19, 1915.



. Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Receipts today..16,000 45,000

Same day 1914 16,365 32,555 30,389

Last week ...... 42,621 98,660 55,453

Same wk 1914..39,977 144,474 74,573



Shipments from here last week'in—

clud’ed 7,163 cattle, 25,956 hogs and

679 sheep, comparing with 14,316 cat-





,tle, 17,718 hogs and 8,187'sheep for the





same week last year. Hogs received

averaged 236 lbs. ‘



Cattle. sold at steady pricestoday,

the offerings being extremely small

Unusually large hog re-

receipts sent prices down about 150,

with sales at $6.65@8. DeSpite the

light offerings, buyers were trying to

get lambs 150 or more lower, and at

a late hour little was done.



Cattle receipts. last week ,were un-

duly stimulated by the recentfsharp

advances in prices for corn-fed lots,

but, unfortunately, the arrivals came

very largely. under ' the ,' undesirable





01ass,’there being a generous repre- '





setation of grassy and warmed-up cat-

tle. The small proportion of,choice to

fancy cattle, Whether long-fed weighty

steers. or well finished little yearling

steers and heifers, sold all right, re—

cent high figures being repeated, but

the other descriptions sold slowly at

steady reductions in prices. ‘Steers





'sold largely at $8.75@10.10, with the





best class bringing $10@10.40 and the

best yearlings taken at $10@10.25.

Good steers went at $9.50@9.95, medi-





‘um steers at $8.80@9.45, warmed up





steers at $8.10@8.75 and the lower





grade light-weight grassy lots- at $6@





8. Yearling steers sold at $9.50@9.95





'for a good class, with sales all the





way down to $7.75@8.75 for the‘cheap—

er class of grassy yearlings, and the

lowest-priced steers were of the feed-

ertype, these haying no outside com—

petition. Butchering cows and heifers

had an outlet at $5.15@9.7.5, with su—

perior little yearling heifers selling

much the highest and the best cows

taken at $7@7.75. Cutters went at

$4.65@5.10, canners at $3.25@4.60 and

bullsat $5@7.75. Calves found buyers

atthe Usual wide range of-prices, With

sales ranging at _$5@11 per- 100 lbs.

The market for cows was on- the

Whole; unsatisfactory, especially for

the'liberal percentage of grassy lots,

while" the offerings of choice heifers

.were'm'uch too small to go around.

With reference to-the outlook ahead,

it may be said that everything, so far

as'ean be seen, after careful investi-

gation, locks highly favorable for a

long'maintejnance of extremely high

prices for well-bred and well 'fattened





battle, and there is no sense in letting.

thin and grassy cattle go to market,:





so long as owners have fine pasture are

and enough corn to feed ‘ sufficiently.

Grass-mend partly fattened steer“ clas-





ed 40@75c lower than a; Week earlier-,-





12,000.





dairy fiudtu'ations ,‘forfSti'll‘ antither

Week, alternately decliningand' rally-





; ing' in accordance with supply "and‘de-g

. mandu





Whenever the market~goes

much lower fewer swine are shipped

from country points, and this natural-

ly results in advances, the tendency

of the best light shipping hogs being

to get back to near $8 after breaks.

Naturally, the marked improvement in





, the eastern shipping demand in recent





weeks is a powerful bullish factor. Re-

cent receipts. of hogs averaged 238

lbs., comparing with 234' lbsga'we‘ek

earlier, 240 lbs. one year ago and 243

lbs. two years? ago. At times‘heavy

and mixedlots of hogs have under-

gone the largest advance. The gen--

eral run of pigs sold at the lowest

prices seen since April, but the top

prices forthe heavier pigs was not

much below the best prices of the

year. During the latter part of the

week small receipts sent prices up to

a point that was the highest of the

year, Saturday’s sales ranging at $7@

8.15, while pigs sold at $6.25@8. The

best heavy hogs brought $7.95.



Lambs make up most of the 'daily’

offerings, including natives and range

spring lambs from Idaho, and Wash-

ington, with range yearlings offered in

moderate numbers. Native ewes and

bucks are in limited supply, and weth-

ers are scarce. During the past w’eek

buyers scored some big victories over

sellers, knocking off prices severely.

No shipping demand existed worth

mentioning, and local packers had

things pretty much their OWn way. At

last the ranges are furnishing the

greater part of the receipts of lambs

and yearlings. There was a decline

during the week of $1.50 per 100 lbs.

for most fat lambs, While yearlings

were off $1, but matured 'ewes’were

scarce and firm at $5@6. Cull ewes

brought $2.75@4.50, yearlings $5.75@

7.50, wethers $5.75@6.75. bucks $4@

4.75 and lambs $5.50@8.25.



Horses were in smaller domestic

and foreign demand lastweek, and al—

though receipts have fallen off a good

deal, some weakness was noted in‘val-

ues. War horses sold at $135@200,

good to prime drafters at' $240@285,

chunks at $165@235, farm’horses at

2310062135, farm mares ', at, $140@175

and inferior horses down to $75. Driv-

ers sold usually at $100@200.





CROP AND IMARKET NOTES.





 





. (Continued from page 77).

generally'good. Not many beans are





planted. The apple c'r0p- lo'oks good

so far. Butter 25c; cream220; eggs





17c; hogs $6.80; corn 65c; oats 45c;

chickens 100.

' Kansas.



Smith 00., July 12.—There has been

an abundance of rain and prairie hay

promises a good crop. The first cut-

ting of alfalfa was heavy, and a very

good second crop is about ready for

cutting. Wheat is good. Corn small

owing to cool weather. Potatoes are

good. What fruit is grown here will

bear 'fairly well, Wheat, 'new $1.15;

fat .steers.$6.’25'@6.50;r hugs $6.50; po-

tatoes $1.10; butter 200; butter—fat

211/20; eggs 13c. - ,



. ' Washington. _ ,

Kllckitat 00., July 10.—Clover yield-

ed two tOns per acre, alfalfa three

tons. Condition of grain crops good.

Corn, potatoes and beans poor. ' ,The

prospects for early and late apples,

pears, peaches and plums very good.

There is, a big demand for'fruit, of

every kind. Logan berries $1 per 24-

qt. crate; blackberries $1.50 per crate;

Lambert cherries 10@120 per pound;

wool 200; milk 100 per quart; butter-

fat 300 per pound.



Colorado.



Weld 00., July 14.—First cutting of

alfalfa poor, but good prospects for

second cutting. Small grains better

than usual. Corn looks good; pota-

toesand .beans good. No- fruit except

berries owing to.late frosts. Cabbage

heading nicely; early, peas marketed.

Butter 250; butter-fat 300; eggs 170;

potatoes 21/20 per pound.



Missouri.



Vernon 00., July 12.—Timothy good

but too wet for haying. Corn looks

fairly well on Well drained ground.

Wheat not cut yet and‘some fields

will be a total loss. Oats are being

harvested. Wheat $1.25; corn 700;

oats 400; hay $7; spring'chickens 17c;

butter 200; eggs 13c; butter—fat 230.



Perry 00., July 12,—Tim0thy heavy;





first Crop of red clover light; second





crop of alfalfa below average. Wheat

about 30 per cent of a normal crop.

Early corn looks fine. except on'low

ground. Potatoes a little better than

usual. Beans -- not grown extensively.

A good apple cropl'but' not many





pears;.plums fair. W001: 260'; milk 7200'





per gallon; butter-fat 230.,





 





 





. It is expensive exporting cattle‘from'





this .' side fof’_the Atlantic ‘ to Europe,

there being inadequate steamer space,





and, a. rate off-$60 per. head is. likely to”

check: the foreign shipments to some-





degree.
JULY 24, 1915. '





“THIS IS THE FIRST EDITION.





 





The first edition is sent to those who

have not expressed a desire for the

latest markets. The late market ed1-

tion will be sent on request at any

time. ‘ _





 





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Thursday’s Market.

July ‘15, 1915.

. Cattle.

Receipts 1802. There was another





heavy supply of cattle on sale at the

local stock' yards this week and a





, very dull, draggy market. While ex—

tra good dry-fed steers, canners and

bulls brought steady last week’s





prices all other grades were 25qu35(:

and in Some instances 500 lower and

on Wednesday night nearly 400 were

still unsold. The local demand for

beef is light and butchers say they

are well supplied so little improve

ment can be looked for in some time,

and drovers should go slow for a

while. Nothing new has as yet devel-

oped in the stocker and feeder situa-

tion, but it is rumored that before any-

thingcan be taken out of here other

than for immediate slaughter that the

yards will have to be cleaned again,

and the Railway Company is not anx-

ious to go to this seemingly unneces—

sary expense. The run Thursday was

light, which helped out a little but did

not raise prices.



'Best dry-fed "steers $8.50@9; best

handy weight butcher steers, grass

$7.50@7.75; mixed steers and heifers

$6.50@7.25; handy light butchers $6.25

@7; light butchers $6@6.50: best cows

$5.50@6; butcher cows $5@5.50; com-

mon cows $4@5; canners $3@4; best

heavy bulls $5.50@6; bologna bulls $5

@575.



~Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S.

& Co. 25 steers av 1060 at $8.25, 2

cow and bull av 820 at $6; to Bresna-

han 2 canners av 933 at $4, 6 cows av

960 at $5.25, 3 do av 990 at $5.50, 9 do

av 1060 at $6, 2 do av 1290 at $6.25,

4 do av 1145 at $5.50; to Parker, W.

& Co. 1 bull wgh 1760 at $6, 2 do av

980 at $5.60. 2 do av 855 at $5.50, 3 do

av 800 at $5.50, 2 do av 1130 at $6; to

Heinrich 24 steers av 906 at $7.40; to

Hammond, S. & Co. 4'do av 935 at

$7.50; to Kull 22 do av 825 at $7.25,

2 do av 965 at $7.25; to Mich. B. Co.

14 do av 948 at $8.10, 11 do av 1062 at

$7.75; to Sullivan P. Co. 6 cows av

1045 at $5.75, 1 steer wgh 880 at $7.50;

to Hammond, S. & Co. 11 do av 1150

at $7.85, 1 do wgh 1220 at $8.50, 1 do

wgh 1270' at $8.50, 4 do av 740 at

$7.50; to Bresnahan 3 cows av 900 at

$4.80. 2 do av 900 at $5, 3 do av 1125

at $6, 20 do av 1141 at $5.75, 4 do av

1104 at $4.50, 5 do av 1104 at $5.75, 5

do av 954 at $5.25, 4 do av 962 at $4,

8 do av 1030 at $5.50, 12 do av 1025 at

{35; to Newton B. Co. 18 butchers. av

8‘3 at $7.60, 16 do av 1128 at $8; to

Mason B. Co. 4 do av 940 at $7; to

Sullivan P. Co. 7 do av 860 at $7; to

Hammond, S. & Co. 15 do av 890 at

316.90.



Veal Calves.



Receipts 591. The veal calf trade

was active and some extra gOOd ones

brought $11.25 on Wednesday, but the

bulk of sales for good were at $11,

and medium and common from $7@

10.50. The close was strong.



Sandel, S., B. & G. sold Thompson

Bros. 2 av 140 at $10.50; to Hammond,

S. & Co. 3 av 165 at $9, 1 wgh 150 at

$11, 2pav 305 at $10, 2 av 180 at $11;

t) Sullivan P. Co. 5 av 155 at $11.50,

6 av'160 at $11, 2 av 145 at $10.75; to

Thompson Bros. 4 av 150 at $10.75; to

Hammond, S. & Co. 5 av 150 at $11, 6

av 155 at $10.50.





Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts 1604. In the sheep and

lamb division lambs took a slump of

750@$1 around noon on Wednesday,

and at the close were very dull, with

several bunches left unsold. On Thurs—

day conditions were no better. Sheep

held about steady. Best lambs $8.50

@9; fair do. $7.50@8; light to com-

mon do. $4.50@5.50; yearlings $6@

7.50; fair to good sheep $4.50@5;

culls and common $2.50@3.50.



Sande], S., B. & G. sold Hammond,

S. & Co. 17 lambs av 80 at $9.50, 5 do

av 55 at $7.50. 4 sheep av 130 at $5.25,

13 lambs av 73 at $9.75, 7 do av 65 at

$9; to Newton B. Co. 8 do av 65 at

$9.75, 16 sheep av 100 at $4.50; to

Hammond, S. & Co. 11 do av 105 at

$5, 3 yearlings av 80 at $7.50, 9 lambs

av 67 at $9.75, 13 do av 85 at $9.50; to

Young 31 do av 65 at $9.25, 15 do av

75 at $9.25, 8 yearlings av 75 at $7.50,

31 lambs av 65 at $9.



Haley &.M. sold Thompson Bros. 19

lambs av 65 at $10, 2 sheep av 112





. at $5.





'Roe Com. Co; sold Barlage 12 lambs

av 55 at $8, 16 do av 60 at $7, 25 do

av 80 at $9, 5 sheep av 160 at $4.50.



, .' 'Hogs. . ,

Receipts 3819. In the hog depart-





ment the trade was a trifle better than -





on- -Wednesday, all grades selling ‘ at

$7.70@7.75. . ' ..





THE MICHI-





Friday’s Market.

I July 16, 1915.

Cattle.



Receipts this week 2017; last week

1842; market very dull; - dry-fed can-

ners and bulls steady; others 25c low-

er or 50@75c lower than last week.



Best dry-fed steers $8.50; best

handy weight butcher steers, grass

$7.50@7.75; mixed steers and heifers

$6.50@7.25; handy light butchers $6.25

@7; light butchers $6@6.50; best

cows $5.50@6; butcher cows $5@5.50;

common cows $4@5; canners $3@4;

best heavy bulls $5.50@6, bologna

bulls $5@5.75.,



Veal Calves.



Receipts this week 751 last week



863; market steady. Best $11; others





$7@10.50.

Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this week 2103; last week

2075; market very dull; lambs 75c@

$1.50 lower than last week; sheep

steady. Best lambs $8.50; fair lambs

$7.50@8; light to common lambs $4.50

@550; yearlings $6@7.50; fair to good

sheep $4.50@5; culls and common



2.50@3.50.





Hogs.

Receipts this week 4971 last week

6934; heavies $7.75; yorkers $8.





.=:’__lllllllIIl[lllllllllllllllllll|lllllIll!lllllllllllllllllllllIllll!lI'llllllIllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllléIE

s - s

g Veterinary. g

5%llllllllUlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllffi-





‘CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.





 





Cow Gives Bloody Milk—We have



a cow that came fresh one week ago

that gives bloody milk from one fore-

quarter. M. O. M., Wayne Co.—Your

cow bruised udder and if you will as-

certain the cause and remove it, she

will soon get well.

‘ Injured Hock—We have a yearling

colt which, when two months old

jumped from a six—foot gangway, in-

juring hock which has left a bunch

on fore part of hock and the remedies

we have applied fail to reduce it. D.

H. G., Owosso, Mich—Apply one part

iodine and nine parts lard to bunch

once a week. -



Chronic Secure—My eight—yearold

mare has scoured all summer and fe-

cal matter which passes from her has

an offensive odor, but her appetite is

good. She is losing flesh; our local

Vet. filed her teeth. W. T., Orton—

ville, Mich—Give your mare 1 dr. of

dried snip-hate of iron, 1,6 oz. ground

ginger and 1/2 oz. hyposulphite of soda

at a dose three times a day. An ani-

mal of this kind should not be driven

faster than a walk.



Navel Disease—What is the cause

of navel disease? Is it hereditary, or

is it caused by unsanitary condition

of stable? There are many cases of

it in this locality and I would like to

know if it can be prevented. S. G.,

Jeanerette, Mich—Navel disease is

the result of bacterial infection enter-

ing the circulation of young colts

through the umbilical cord; therefore,

to prevent this infection mares, cows,

sows and ewes should give birth to

their offspring in a clean sanitary

place; furthermore, the navel cord of

every young animal should be treated

promptly after birth and the cord of

colts and calves should be tied with a

silk or linen string dipped out of one

part carbolic acid and nine, parts of

glycerine or olive oil. A healing solu-

tion of some kind should be applied

to navel once or twice a day until it

heals. It is needless for me to repeat

every week or two treatment for this

ailment. Clippings should be made of

formulas that are useful, and filed for

future reference and use.



Indigestion—What can be done for

a mare which I think is wormy and

passes thick urine? R. P. T., Cedar

Springs, Mich—Mix one part ground

worm seed, tWo parts powdered sul-

phate iron, two parts salt and four

parts ground gentian and give her a

éahllespoonful at a dose in feed twice



ai y.





 





LIVE STOCK N EWS.





. Now that the foct-and-mouth disease

is getting under control in all parts of

the country, an early normal move—

ment of cattle is expected, and farm-

ers owning weilubred beef cattle are.

turning their attention to preparing

fat stock for the coming International

Live Stock Exposition in Chicago. A

good showing of fat cattle is expected,

and the great shortage of prime

beeves is almost sure to result in the

auction sales reaching high prices.

Armour & Co. have opened a new

three million dollar packing plant in

Argentina, built of steel and concrete,

with a'cattle killing and packing ca-

pacity equal to the Armour packing

plant in Chicago. It also 'will handle

hogs and sheep. Its products will be

carried on 10 refrigerator steamers to

New York and London. Slaughtering





 





and packing will be carried on under





the rules approved by the United

States Department of Agriculture.

Lack of sufficient ocean steamer





space has checked the exportation of





GAN FARMER





horses purchased by the ‘Allied powers

of Europe, and a short time ago it~was

learned that the British government

was feeding some 35,000 horses at the

various concentration points it main-

tains in the United States. Of late

the French government has been buy-

ing horses freely.



The Chicago cattle and hog markets

are undergoing a widening out of

prices because of the excessive propor-

tion of grass-fed consignments and a

decreasing percentage of prime corn-

fed oil'erings. Prime weighty steers

and superior little yearlings are

scarce and soaring to extremely-high

prices, with the recent top at $10.40

per 100 lbs., while grass cattle sold

extremely low. A similar showing is

made in the hog trade, with large ar-

rivals Of fattened sows.



The extraordinary scarcity of sheep

and lambs in the country fully ac-

counts for the unprecedentedly high

prices that have prevailed of late, al-

though following booms in the market

there have been the customary reac—

tions, as the packers held back after

filling pressing orders and refused to

make further purchases except on re-

duced prices. Chicago is getting stead—

ily increasing supplies of Idaho Spring

lambs, these usually arriving in big

bunches, and limited numbers of shorn

lambs and sheep are coming from that

important sheep state. This is the

season of the year when most of the

marketings from sheep districts are

made up of spring lambs, and sheep

are offered sparingly, with clipped na-

tive ewes mostly offered and these are

far from numerous. Not long ago a

shipment of eight double-decks of Ida-

ho grass spring lambs that averaged

77 lbs. reached the Chicago stock

yards, where a buyer paid $10.60 per

100 lbs. for the lot. Their weight is

believed to be close to the high record

for ldaho Springs at the time they

were sold, and the price was high, al-

though later the price for prime

spring lambs soared still higher. Cer-

tainly the weight shows a high record

for June. The big packing firms have

stationed buying agents in Louisville.

as is their yearly custom, and they

are shipping liberal supplies of south—

ern spring lambs direct to the Chica-

go plants.





SAVE





r





 





 





YOUR CORN





Jack Frost will be

after it. If he gets

it your time and

labor are practi-

cally wasted, and

profits gone. The

safest. the best.

the surest way to

prevent this is to

erect an





INDEPENDENT

SILD





Get it’now. Have it ready when you need it.

It can t be heal: in quality. Nothing on good

on the market for the prlco. Shipped on

approval. to your stotton. Write Today. Say

you are interested. We'll do the rest.



THE INDEPENDENT SILO 00..

2329 University Ave.. St. Paul. Minn.





For Sale

Rebuilt Machinery





20 H. Pitts traction engine. m H. Ste e 20 .

Leader. 20 H. Rumley. $8 H. Russel. VIBnET. H



. . . . riok. 16 H. Gear-S t .

16"H. Pitts. 16 H. Huber. 28" Pitts. grain thresclfei‘.

30” Port Huron. 30" Pitta, 30"Advance. 32"Huber

g2 Advancfi. 35301:“? 17x22 belt poiwor Wolverine



ay press. x..‘ io my press. an



Write us for complete rebuilt list. many others.





THE BANTlNG MACHINE CO.





ll4-l24 Superior St,





     

 

 

 

 

 





-~Ili1





. - IIIIlI ": IIIlIII



-, IllIII...I IIIIIII -.



.~- . lllllllmilllllll 5:2:-

. , II a} ,QI III

ll , - «~IIII



ii‘rl ll -’ *‘

ll ’2}! FIIII

IIIIl l I



':II





_Illllll '. III !_





   





 

 





 





   

   





 





 





 





 





 





 





Toledo. Ohio





SAVE Willi VETCH SEED 23.33;"“0? “ml“ "‘5”

. - a i



mesh that Will remove nearIy all of the rmfomililig



veto . ‘ Can be used in any mill. Price 8211) and up



according to size. Also vetch seed and inoculate soil



for vetch for sale. 11}. B. FOLLE’I‘T. Hale, Michigan.





LlllIE’S lMPROVED GRDENE WHEAT





A vigorous“ rod. bearded wheat. very stiff straw. and

of good milling qualities, a good yielder. write for

sample and prIi-os.



COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersviilo. Michigan.





. . - !



ConsullIng FarmManagementSpecIalIslM.i.c. 95.

20 years of successful Farming, Live Stock. Alfalfa

and special farm craft. Let me assist you to increase

onII' rroilts Services reasonable. J. S Mitchell. Holly. Mich.





 





 





We are commission merchants





Poullry, Calves, Eggs, Fruits and Vegetables.





Will be pleased to quote market on request. When

writing state what you want quotations on.

NAU A N COMMISSION COMPANY.





Eastern Market. Detroit. Mich.





HAY OUR NEW LOCATION—

623—625 Wabuh Bldg.. Pittsburgh. Pa.

Daniel McCaffrey’s Son: CO.





FARMERS—we are paying from one to three cents



. above the highest oifioial Detroit. Market

quotation _for your eggs shipped direct to us by ex-

press. Write "H for information. It. will pay you.

American Butter 8: Cheese Co.. Detroit. Mich.





Growers. we want your entire

cro . Highest market prices

Wr to for stencil. THE E. L.





Richmond 00.. Detroit.Mich.





CULL BEANS FOR FEED. Yd‘fi‘tlfi’é’lfigg





YOUNG-’RANDOLPH SEED (30.. Owoseo. Mich.





Goodi Feed ——-Chea .





Salvage grains. The Bartlett 00.. J ackson, M ch.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Developed Under

Racing Conditions





That means a stream of Sparks so

rapid and constant as to be almost a

steady flame.



A series of explosions, quick and

sharp, beat upon the Spark plugs like

the blows of a trip hammer.



When you meet emergency con—

ditions and subjectyaur moror to ex- m

ccptional speed or load strains, you

mm! have dependability.



You have it absolutely zfyourqbarfi

plug: are C/zampiom.





 





_ _

“TOLEDO MADE FOR THE WHOLE “'ORLD'S TRADE





Champion endure

ance—reliability—

dependability—is de-

veloped by repeated

testing under just

such strains in the

motors they are built

to serve.



75 ()6 of all Ameri-

can made motor cars,

stationary and trac-

tion engines are

equipped when new

with Champion

Spark Plugs.





Do not accept a substi-

tute. There’sa Champion

Specially designed for every





 





motor. Bc owe to get the



right Champion plug for Champion

yo: r ca; . Heavy-Duty

T eC amplon I/zinch. $1.00

Guarantee—





Complen- faliyfmion to the A” b‘tudzbaht}, ear:

KW. free repair. replacement “'0 fqlltpped at t e,ar-

or money bad. tan with tlm plug.





Champion Spark Plug Co.

508 Upton Ave., Toledo, 0.





 





 





 





 





Farms and Farm lands For Sale

Lake View Farm





215 Acres, 20 Cows, Tools.





Owner forced to cell has just reduced price $1000 to

move it at once; remarkable bargain; delightfully

situated near all conveniences. overlooks large beau-

tiful lake; rolling fields out 75 tons hay besides other

crops. spring and brook watered pasture for 35 cows.

40 acres wood: line buildings, 10-room use, runnin

water. "IO-ft. basement barn. big hor barn. too

house: maple shade; if taken now you get 20 cows,

two 23-year-old heifers. 8 yearling heifers. lot of ma-

chinery for only $7700. 6MB, terms; full details and

traveling directions. page 3 , “Strout's Farm Oata~

logue 38," write today for )our free copy.



1 E. A. STROUT FA RM AGENCY.

Station 101. University Block. Syracuse. N. Y.





FARM GOOD, CHEAP,





’ PROFITABLE





UNUSUAL ()l’P()R.'l'UNI'l'IES NOW

State Board of Agriculture, Dover, Del.

new 8-room bOllFO with

46 A R bath room heated by fur-

, nace. barn 32x72. one mile

from town. £6 mile from good school. 40 rods from





 





 





 





electric R. it. crossing and milk station. to ephone

connection. rural route. one acre berries. land nearly

all tiled. W. CBOOK. S. Bockwood. Michigan.





30 Choice Cows. 3 mowers. 2 rakes. 13

400 Acres! head of young cattle. 4 good horsembig

burns. fine house. [arse barn cost about 54.000 to

build. new hcnnry. 14x40. sap house and evaporator.

fruit. Timber worth $3.000 Write for particulars of

this great. money maker it 8 good as GOLD. PrIce

(or all $12,000: cash $5.000 A L ' i F A R ll

AGENCY. OWEGO. TIOGA 00.. NEW YORK





~We have direct buyers. Write

FARMS WANTED describing property. naming

lowest price. We help buyers locate desirable

property Free. American investment Association.





10 Palace Bldg, Minneapolis. Minn.





when you can buy the

best farm land in Michi-

gan at from 812 to $20 an





acre on easy terms. Write for particulars.

STAFFELD BROTHERS. Owners.

15 Merrill Bldg. Saginaw. West. Side. Mich.





F R E E LAN D°—A“°“‘°’ distribu-



. - tion of choice

land. part of Demonstration Plantation. the SHOW

plantation of the South. FREE to people having it

lmKdmvidddWlthué‘ five years. NfiedLnefier live on the

an . rem-i 10mmli-‘8i0nel' . . olmos. Block

163, Calvert. Alabama for particulars.





58 acres; 40 acres bottom.

Tennessee Farms- Young orchard: ten-room

dwellin% and other improvements. Five miles from

County eat. Similar bargains. See them with crops

on them. Free list. Jenkins a Son. Bnntingdon.’l‘enn.





 





 





ARM for sale—two hundred acres. thirty miles from

Detroit. under good state of cultivation and good

buildinao. F. W. ARK. 246 Lothrop. Detroit. Mich.





END DESCRIPTION of YOUR FARM or RANCH!

We have cash buyers. Don't ay commission.

Write NATIONAL REAL ESTA'IPE EXOHANG E

ASSOCIATION. Dept. 4, Peru. Illinosc.





FOR SALE‘r-In Nemygo County. fine fruit and dairy farm.

conswtlng of 780 acres. For particulars write the owner.





WM, HUNTUUN. it. R. l. TWIn Lake. Michigan.
a»... - ”wan-..” 0.”. We M...... ,





 





.m... . ..





 





 





JULY 24, 1915.





 





76—16 THE MICHIGAN FARM‘E’R



[IElllllllIlllllIllllll|Illllllllllll|IllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllflllll[IIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllIl|llll[IlllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllIlIlllllllllIlllllllIlllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllfl can breeders did not object to the mand in- time, they might have kept

E E great quantities of somned “feather” right on raising sheep and made good

E I I E upon the legs of the Clydesdale horse. money at it.

E arm 0mmerC€o g Later they began to demand those These are only two of the most

E E Clydesdales having few or no “feath- striking examples which American

E ers.’ The Scotchmen who bred the history affords. The farmer who has

ElIIlllllIllllll||lllllllllllllllllllllll|llllll|ll[Ill[llIlllllllllllllHllIllll|IllIll||l|Ill[lllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllll||llllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllll[lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIIE , bulk of the individuals of this breed ‘





Catering to





the Market





A Trait of Human Nature that the Farmer Must Recognize

Before He Can Market His. Products to the

Best Advantage.





HE successful marketing of farm

products is a matter of satisfy-

ing the wants of the trade. The



producer must first learn to satisfy

entirely, if possible, the class of con-

sumers with. whom he is dealing.

There is an element of human nature

which market men have been quick to

exploit but which farmers as a class

have utterly ignored. By nature most

individuals want to be pleased. They

know what they want and know when

they get what the want. The success-

ful salesman caters to this attribute of

human nature quite as much as to the

actual needs of the consumer. It

seems queer but it is true, neverthe-

less, that farmers have failed to grasp

this fact which, is an important point

in a solution of the marketing prob-

lem. If a consumer wants Danish

Ballhead cabbages, do not try to palm

off the Spanish Flathead upon him if

you: want to keep his trade. He prob-

ably knows what he wants or he

would not have asked for this particu-

lar variety.



Catering a Factor in Selling.



This statement is conservative——

thousands of enterprises have failed,

' not because their product was lacking

in merit but it failed to satisfy the

class of people with whom it must

necessarily find sale. All successful

marketing depends upon catering.

Those Chicago meat markets which

supply a high class of trade would not

think for a single moment of buying

the cheaper cuts of beef. The butcher

well knows that his trade wants sir-

loin and. porterhouse steaks and it

would not be satisfied with a chuck

steak. On the other hand, those mar-

kets that cater to a poor class of trade

could not satisfactorily use the expen-

sive cuts.



The judgment of the ultimate con-

sumer is the best criterion of how well

a product has met his needs. Those

brands of goods which are popular

are for the most part, these brands

which have satisfied the needs of the

consumers. Of course, we must con-

sider the advertising propaganda

which may be said to educate consum-

ers as to. what they want.





Good Judgment Must be Used.



The farmer must cater to the trade

which he attempts to supply and the

success of his marketing operations is

measured by the completeness with

which he satisfies the wants of his

customers. California fruit growers

would not think of wrapping individ—

ually the oranges which they dispose

of on the local market. The trade will

not pay the price. On the other hand,

the Michigan apple grower who sup-

plies a local demand can not profit—

ably wrap his apples individually but

should he be catering to a Georgian

apple market, the extra wrapping

would be justified by extra profits and

sales. Apples are not a common crop

in Georgia and because of their scar-

city, the fancy packs whould be wel-

come.



Respect the Views of the People.



The egg market illustrates a more

commonexample of meeting explicitly

the calls of the consumers. Some

markets will pay a premium of from

two to four cents per dozen on white

eggs, while others will pay more for

brown eggs. Poultrymen who supply

the, New York trade would be foolish

to keep a breed of chickens that lays

brown eggs. The} New York egg cus-

tomers seem to think a brown-shelled





egg is less nutritious than a white-

shelled one and so they are willing to

pay more for a dozen white eggs than

for a dozen brown ones. Now, the

Boston people have been subjected to

a different sort of advertising. Their

views regarding the proper color of

egg shells are just as pronounced as

are those of the New York people.

Boston egg consumers deem a brown-

shelled egg more palatable than a

white—shelled one. So there you are.

These two markets have their particu—

lar requirements as to the color of

eggs that are sold upon them.



While the poultryman may know

that the quality of the egg is in no

way dependent upon the color of the

shell, he must respect the views of the

people who buy his product. The Mas-

sachusetts poultryman would be fool—

ish if he attempted to foist a lot of

white-shelled eggs upon the Boston

market. The place to sell white-shell-

ed eggs is in New York and the place

to sell brown-shelled eggs is in Boston.



A Well-known Example.



The history of American agriculture

embodies two very striking examples

where a class of producers have en-

tirely cut themselves off from a good

market by ignoring entirely the de-

mands of the trade. One must under-

stand that as people are educated

their demands will differ, and the

watchful market man keeps an observ-

ing eye upon all these changes as they

affect the demand for his product.



A well-known example of a changed

demand without a changed supply is

the case of the Clydesdale horse breed-

ers. There was a time when Ameri-





paid little if any attention to this de—'

.mand of the American trade.





seemed to bask in their own judgment

that a large “feather” was desirable

and kept right on breeding Clydes-

dales with this attribute. As a result

of this inattention on the part of the





breeders, the breed did not prosper as-

it may have done in the United States;





This may be noted by the fact that

but few of these animals are exhibited

at our fairs. At the colt show held in

conjunction with the 'recent meetings

of the Michigan Improved Live Stock

Breeders’ Association in East Lansing,

there was only one entry in the

Clydesdale stallion colt class. Further

than this, we have the Department of

Agriculture’s figures for it that the im-

portations of Clydesdale horses have

constantly fallen off and for the fiscal

year ending with June 1, 1914, only 96

head of pure-bred Clydesdale horses

were imported from Scotland. Had

the breeders heeded American de-

mands and bred for a smaller “feath-

er” there is no reason why the breed

should not have been very popular to-

day, because it has excellent points to

commend it.

Another Illustration.



The Merino sheep breeders of Ver-

mont ignored a market demand. There

was a time in the history of the New

England states when sheep breeders

demanded the Merino sheep with

many folds or “aprons” on the neck.

However, as civilization began to ex-

tend westward and more fertile pas-

tures came into use, sheep men de—

manded a sheep of greater size and

with smoother conformation. These

Vermont breeders paid no attention to

this demand but persisted in breeding

the scrawny, wrinkly sheep of the old

type. As a consequence, there came a

time when they could not dispose of

their surplus. These breeders were

ultimately forced out of the sheep bus-

iness, while had they noted the de-





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Over $500 Worth of Garlic in a Single Load Sold to One Buyer.





single braid sells for as much as a

double one did then.



The accompany-ing picture shows a

single horse load of garlic recently dis-





Few farm crops consigned to the

big South Water street market in Chi-

cago have had more substantial in-

crease in demand of late than has the

strong-scented vegetable—garlic.



One of the reasons is that it is be-

ing used more extensively for season-

ing cased meats by packing concerns

and therefore jobbing is much more

active than in former years. There is

also a largely increased demand from

retailers who make sales from one to

a half dozen bulbs to one family.



Six years ago garlic came to Chica-

go in what was known as double

strings, twice the number of bulbs

with their clinging tops wererplaited

in av-braid as there are now. Today a





posed of to a single buyer. in this

load there are 36 crates. The crates

run about 20 strings to the crate.

They brought 75 cents a string of

about 50 bulbs. This makes a crate

bring $15 and the load has a. value

of $540.



One of the queer facts concerning

the handling of-rthisproduct is that it

is scarcely; ever packed in the same





way as is its cousin, the onion, which .





is topped and packed in crates. The

retailers hang a braid in. the show

window and sell. from the string,





They.





any commodity to offer. the trade

should make it his business to study

the demands of his customers and

then fill that demand. Persistence in

offering a product which is not want-

ed is sure to. result in financial failure.

The demands are constantly changing

and the successful marketing of pro-

ducts depends upon close observation

of these changing demands accompa‘

nied by efforts to supply them.

lngham Co I. J. MATHEWS.





PARCEL POST CHANGES.





 





An order has been sent out by Post--

master-General Burleson that the size

limit of packages for parcel post ship-

ment be increased to a combined

length and girth measurement of 84

inches. The old limit was 72 inches,

which makes an increase of one foot

in the size of length- and girth meas-

urement that will be accepted for

shipment by the post office depart-

ment. There has been a widespread

demand for this increase. The old lim-

itations excluded from the parcel post

service standard sized fruit and berry

crates. The new limit will permit the

mailing of these packages and should

therefore increase the use of the par-

cel post by small growers and ship-

pers to a very large degree.



The postmaster—general also author—

izes the establishment of a receipt sys~

tem for parcel post packages similar

to that now in use by the express

companies. Under the new regulation

one may receive a receipt for his ship—

ment upon the payment of one cent.

The postmaster at the receiving office

will give the sender of an ordinary

parcel‘of fourth class mail matter a

receipt when the one cent in addition

to the regular postage is paid. .A one-

cent postage stamp to cover the

charge for the receipt will be affixed

to the parcel in recognition of this

payment. The name and address of

the party to whom the matter is sent

shall be written in the receipt by the

sender.



, These two changes indicate the pro--

gressive'spirit of those. in charge of

the parcel post work. It is apparent





‘ at once that both changes will add to





the efficiency of the service. The in-

creased limitation in size will enable

the public to make a much broader

use of the mails as a medium for de-

liVering goods, while the receipt plan

will permit farmers and business men

to employ this service on the same

business basis as they have other com-

mon carrier agencies, they being able

to better. secure themselves in making

their shipments.





 





“EFF? MARKETS IN MICHIGAN.





 





Manistee will have a city market,

open from 5:00 a. m. to 4:00 p. m.

week days, for the sale of stock, poul~

try, meats, hay, grain, wood, fruits,

vegetables and other farm and garden

produce. ~ During market hours 110 per-

son will be permitted to sell his wares

from house to house in the city. A

weighmaster under bonds of $500 will

have charge and will enforCe rules and

collect fees. Manistee county farm—

ers, particularly of , Grant and Free-

soil townships, have been urging the

city to take this action for a long

time, the granges being active in the

movement. Opening day is not an-

nounced but it will be early in July.

Saginaw’s public market opened for

the season May 22, and is being well

patronized. The opening hour is 5:00

a. m., while in Detroit and Grand Rap-

ids the city markets open at 4:000

o’clock.



Kalamazoo wants to know whether

city markets are being operated suc-

cessfully elsewhere and is trying to





"‘ settle the questions through corres.
JULY 24, 1915.





pondence and personal visits to De’-"

tro’it, Jackson and Other places.



Muskegon is also considering the

question and has appointed a commit-

tee to inspect the Grand Rapids mar-

ket soon. J. O. Fraleigh, of Casnovia,

started the movement in Muskegon

and ‘says that a market would "be

worth more to the city than any fac-

tory it might secure, by encouraging

farmers to make Muskegon their trad-

ing center. A cold storage plant, he

says, would soon follow and farmers

would be able to put their products in

storage and go home, while their pro-

ducts would be delivered in prime con.

dition the following morning in Chi-

cago and Milwaukee markets by

water.



Cities are slow in establishing retail

markets because of opposition by gro-

cers, hucksters and other middlemen,

who are taxpayers. The proposition

has ‘not been worked out yet complete-

1y, not even in Detroit, Grand Rapids,

Jackson and'the larger cities. Euro-

pean cities look after the matter of

economic food supplies for their peo-

ple, just as they supply water, sewers

and other necessities, by establishing

food terminals, with rail and water

shipping, cold storage, etc. We must

come to this and must go even farther

in‘ 'opening quick and economic ave-

nues between farm and consumer’s



Kent Co. ALMOND GRIFFEN.





BETTER CLOVERSEED WILL '

‘ BRING HIGHER PRICES.





 





It” is a common practice with some

farmers who grow clover for seed to

allow clover to rot for several weeks

after cutting before they stack it or

draw it to the barn. Sometimes red

clever out early is allowed to lie in

the swaths or windrows for two

months or even longer, exposed to all

kinds of weather conditions. Frequent‘

1y, also, clover stacks, if poorly con-

structed or unprotected, become wet

and musty. Sometimes in wet por-

tions of the stack the clover straw will

even become very black and largely

decompose before the seed is hulled.

The result of this exposure is easily

seen in the swelling-and sometimes

germination of those seeds which are

not protected by hard seed coats. Ev-

en if the seeds do not germinate, if

once they have become thoroughly

swollen, even though subsequently

dried, they are of no value. If they

are not actually dead, they usually

possess a very low vitality, being

brown and lusterless in appearance

and rough and wrinkled in texture. If

the seeds are not thoroughly dried in

the heads when cut, and the cut clover

is rained upon before it has had time

to dry a great many seeds may be de-





. stroyed. Damage becomes still great-





er if portions of the stack heat and

become very warm as-well as wet. An

inferior grade of clover seed is pro-

duced when the clover is allowed to





. lie in windrows in the field for sev—

; eral weeks’ before it is hulled. Vary-

' ing proportions of the seeds become





brown and often actually lose all ger-e

minating powers.



The best practice is to allow the

cloVer to become as ripe as possible

without danger of loss from shelling

when the crop is harvested. Usually

the seeds do not ripen evenly and of-

ten it will be found that the heads

ripening at a particular time will have

a larger number of good seeds in than

those ripening earlier or those to ri-

pen later. It is to one’s advantage to

carefully note what the condition is

and- then harvest at a time that will

insure the best condition for the great-

est'amuunt of seed.



The writer has usually found it ad-

visable to wait on the weather a little

and then do the harvesting in the fore

no‘dns when the straw and heads are

a, little tough from the dew. This

prevents waste. By using a mower

attachment the swath can be bunched

and thrown to one side.





 





This reduces ‘

shelling of seed to a minimum. The





THE MICHI





bunches should be made small so they





'will dry out easily and should not'





be packed together more than is nec-

essary. This will prevent the rotting

of the center of the bunches should

the weather be inclement. In the

event that the seed is obliged to lay

out in rains one should accept the first

day when the sun and wind dry off

the tops of the bunches, to turn them

over carefully with a fork so that the

under portions will be given a chance

to dry and the seeds be prevented

from swelling and germinating. Usu-

ally the seed hulls better after the

straw has had a little rain upon it,

that is, the hullers will take the straw

faster and get the seed out cleaner;

but one should not wait for rains on

this account if he can get his crop un-

der cover or hulled before as the rains

may be excessive before the straw

can again be gotten in good shape and

seeds will be damaged as stated above.

Hull from the field if possible to se-

cure a machine, as the expense will

be less; but if one must wait an indefi-

nite time the clover should be put in

the barn or stacked and covered with

boards, canvas, marsh hay, or any-

thing that will shed water before it

soaks down to the clover straw.



By exercising caution one is quite

sure to have a much better grade of

clover seed to market, for which he

will receive a far better price.





IlllllllllllllllllllllllIIINIllllllllllllllllllllllllIl|lllIllIIl?I!”MINNIIIIIIIIIIIIHIllllIllIllllHlllllllllllllllllllllll





Crop and_filk\/_Ia:l§ct N otes.





Michigan.



Arenac Co., July 12.—Alfalfa is pro-

ducing well, but hay is light in most

localities. Corn is growing well al-

though late. Potatoes looking good.

Beans were put in late, and some

fields are being badly injured by the

worms and insects. Apples and all

fruits scarce this season. Wool 27@

300; butter-fat 25c; milk around $1.12.



Shiawassee Co., July 13.~—Heavy

rains prevent cultivation and haying.





Wheat in good condition. Haying be—

gun and a fair yield; old meadows,

however, are very poor. Alfalfa do—





ing splendidly, the first cutting yield-

ing around one and a half tons per

acre. Corn is backward but uniform

and thrifty. Early potatoes looking

well, but late potatoes are rotting in

the ground and will be a poor stand.

Beans are coming on well. Both early

and late apples give promise of a fair

crop, but few peaches, plums and

pears. Milk 800 per cwt.; wheat $1.10;

corn 700; eggs 160; stock of all kinds

in good condition.



Sanilac Co., July 14.—Haying has

begun and is a light crop. Rains were

too late for alfalfa, but clover is still

growing. Wheat is a good crop and is

ripening fast. Oats and barley are in

full head, with the largest acreage we

have ever had. Corn is late but looks

healthy. Beans are late and small,

and will need extra good weather con-





ditions to make a satisfactory crop.

Potatoes doing well. Early and late

apples a light crop. Wool 32c; eggs

go; butter-fat 260; oats 47c; beans

.60.

Washtenaw Co., July 9.——The wet





and backward weather still continues

making it extremely difficult to cure

alfalfa and clover. Some very heavy

fields of clover, but old meadows and

second cuttings will be rather light.

Wheat promises to be one of the best

crops ever grown. Oats also promise

well. The disappointing crop of the

year promises to be corn. This nec-

essary crop is the most backward and

uneven of any recent yea1.The1e is

a large acreage of potatoes, both early

and late varieties, and looking ex-

tremely good. Beans are suffering

from the same troubles as the corn.

Fruit prospects are not particularly

good. Apples dropping badly. Peaches

and pears, also plums, in small sup-

ply. Milk prices very unsatisfactory

The test basis has been raised and

prices net the farmer less than in re-





cent years.

N ew Yo rk.





Niagara Co., July 13. —Hay and clo-

ver light Grain crops all good, the

best in years. The acreage of wheat

and oats is larger than usual. Apples,

pears and plums are a light crop, but

peaches are a good crop. Small fruits

are good. Beans and corn looking

fine. Wool 27c.



New Jersey.



Morris Co., July 12. ——Hay and clo-

ver crops are good. Wheat is good

and harvesting has begun. Corn and

potatoes are looking good. New hay

$15; corn $22 per ton; eggs 240; but-

ter 32c; hens 160.



~ Pennsylvania.‘ '

Lancaster Co., July 12. e—Timothy

hardly half a crop; alfalfa good; clo-





GAN, FARMER





ver practically none. Wheat which is'

now being harvested is very good,

corn backward; potatoes splendid.

Apple prospects excellent; pears are

practically ruined because of the pre-

valence of blight; prospects for

peaches and plums good. Eggs 17c;

butter-fat 32c; poultry, live 13@150.





Ohio.



Ashtabula Co., July 13.—Weather is

cold and wet. No haying done yet on

account of unsettled weather. Hay a

fair crop. Wheat, rye and oats bump-

er crop. Wheat harvest will begin in

about a week. Early potatoes look

good, late ones not up yet. Corn is

practically a failure; pastures good

and the production of milk is unusu-

ally good. Butter 250: eggs 18c; oats

65c; new potatoes $1 per bu; hogs

$7.50; veal 90.



Clermont Co., July 14.-—-Recent wind

storms did great damage to corn,

blowing it down and breaking the

stalks. Fruit trees were also damag-

ed, entire orchards being broken down

in some localities. However, there is

promise of a good apple crop, but the

pear crop is below normal. The hay

crop is more abundant than usual, but

has been secured under difl'iculties on

account of frequent rains. All mar-.

ket garden crops, such as onions,

early potatoes, sugar corn, beans and

cabbage are yielding well and selling

at good prices. Clover hay $22; eggs

12%c; butter 18c; butter—fat 220.



Coshocton Co., July 12.—Rains have

delayed the cutting of wheat, which

will be above an average crop, and

more than the usual acreage. Corn

and oats are doing fine, and early and

late potatoes are good. Clover hay in

general has not been heavy, but tim-

othy will be an average crop. The

second crop of alfalfa is nearly ready,

and it will be heavy. There is an ex-

tra good stand of young grass. There

will be a large crop of all kinds of





fruit. Wheat $110; corn 80c; oats

50c; hay $16; eggs 18c; butter 180;

potatoes 50c; hogs $7@7.50; spring

lambs $7.50; butter-fat 270; wool 28





@340.



Hancock Co., July 12.—Hay making

about half done and a fair crop, but

greatly delayed by rains. Glover and al-

falfa are in good condition.

cutting began and will be a heavy

crop. Corn and potatoes rather short

yet, but warm weather will soon put

them in fine condition. Apples and

pears will be good, but there are no

peaches. Wool 28@30c; butter-fat

251/50; hogs $7. 50; eggs 160.



Paulding Co.,

ideal f01 growing crops. Clover is

nearly all cut. First crop of alfalfa is

cut and yielded well. Oats, corn and

potatoes doing fine. Timothy is be-

ing cut. Early apples will be good,

lates ones prospect is not so good.

There will be some plums and pears.

Wool 311/20; corn $1 per cwt; oats

420; wheat $1. 05; butter -fat 280



Shelby Co., July 12.—Heavy rains

over this section did much damage to

oats which is all down. Corn small

for the time of year. Wheat about

one—third of a crop, many fields being

severely damaged by the chinch bug

and the fly.- Hay is an average crop.

Early potatoes good. All apples are

a good prospect, but pears, peaches

and plums are a short crop. Butter-

fat 241/20; eggs 160; hogs $7.40.



Indiana.



Wayne Co., July 12.—We have had

an abundance of rain. Both wheat

and oats give promise of a good yield.

Timothy, clover and alfalfa are yield-

ing well. The second crop of alfalfa

is now ready for cutting. Wheat is all

cut and threshing will begin in a few

days. Corn and potatoes are growing

nicely. There are prospects for a

large crop of both early and late ap-

ples. Cherries were a good crop, oth—

er fruit does not promise so well. All

live stock is doing well and pastures

are in good condition.



Laporte Co., July 6.—Weather still

wet‘ and cold. The oat crop is improv-

ing fast. Apples promise well, as do

also potatoes. Stock is in good shape.



Illinois.



Perry Co., July 12.-Hay is a fine

crop, but the weather is unfavorable

for securing it. Wheat very poor;

oats fair, corn poor prospect. N0

beans to speak of; potatoes a good

crop, but the rains have caused them

to rot. Some apples and peaches and

a good crop of plums. Wool about

300; butter-fat 24c; butter 150; eggs

15c; potatoes 500; chickens 150; corn





800.

Nebraska.



Hitchcock Co., July 10.—Plenty of

rain, also bail, in some localities.

Wheat is of good quality and harvest

has begun. Corn is somewhat slow,

many fields having been replanted on

account of washing out.



Pierce Co., July 12. —Corn is grow-

ing slowly, being only about six inches

high. Oats are good and are heading

fine. Wheat and rye are ready for

cutting and will be a good crop. First

cutting of alfalfa made about one and

a half tons per acre and the second

crop nearly ready. to cut. Potatoes



(Continued on page 74). .





 





Wheat »





July 12.—“feather is ‘





 





 





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The Ohioe '.' '

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n: _ord

.y _ ._ ' uy b you

investigate these heavy-

we ht,Ion¢ stroke largo

re, ow opoeded heavy

ALLO-





duty wongoel





987.5 77_

WANTED—AN IDEA: 33:??? 3213333313251





{pared ideas. the ma y bring oon wealth. Write for



Invent ons' nd i: ponr Paton t

and Your Monov.’ BA DOLPH 00.. PATENT

ATTORNEYS. bBPT. 517. WASHINGTON. D. 0.





not free. WI.

WA
78—18





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STATE GRANGE OFFICERS.





 





Master—John C. Ketcham, Hastings.

Overseer—C. H. Bramble, Tecum-





se e.h

Lecturer—Dora H Stockman, Lan-

sing

Sgecretary—Jennie Buell, Ann Arbor.

Treasurer—shank CoWard,B10_nson.

Executive Committee—C. S. Bart-

lett, Pontiac; Geo. B. Horton, Fruit

Ridge; J. W. Hutchins, Hanover; W.

F. Taylor, Shelby.





KENT CITY GRANGE ENTERTAINS

POMONA.





Kent County Pomona Grange met

Thursday, June 24, with. Kent City

}range, the youngest Grange in Kent

county, organized a little over one

year ago. '



With its fine membership of over 60

enthusiastic Grangers, it gives prom-

ise of being one of the strongest

Granges in the state.



At 10:30 a. m. the meeting was call-

ed to order by Pomona Master T. H.

MacNaughton with over 80 members

present, 13 of the 21 Granges in the

county being represented with large

delegations. Sparta Grange had the

largest representation, 28 being pres-

ent; Rockford was second, with 22

members present.



Bro. F. N. Church, of Kent City

Grange, gave the welcome address and

said they had been looking forward

to this meeting for weeks with a great

deal of pleasure, and hoped all would

be benefited by it. Although their

Grange had been saddened by the

great calamity caused by the tornado

of a week previous whereby their

master, A. D. Brown, and family had

lost all their buildings and contents

and the lives of two of their nearest

neighbors, he gave Pomona a most

hearty welcome.



The response was given by Brother

Ernest Alberts, of Alpine Grange,

who said Pomona had also looked

forward to the meeting with this new

Grange for months and hoped Pomona

would leave some encouragement and

cheer for Kent City Grange. He ad-

vised every member to try and make

this Pomona meeting one of the very

best ever held.



Bro. A. D. Brown, Master of Kent

City Grange, said it was an honor to

welcome his brothers and sisters from

the different Granges throughout the

county. He also gave Pomona a most

hearty greeting.



Brother R. Farnum, of Sand Lake

lrange, in behalf of KentPomona,

wished to thank Kent City Grange for

their invitation and cordial welcome,

and hoped all would get some new

inspiration to carry home to the dif-

ferent Granges.



Sister Spangenberg, Lecturer of

Kent Pomona Grange, made a few re-

marks and said the date of this meet-

ing—the 24th of June—recalled the

story of Grace Richmond; the story

of\\ accomplishment, and hoped this

day would be one of accomplishment

for Pomona.



Brother F. N. Church then spoke on

the-topic, “Shall the woodlot be pre-

served?” In part he said: “Nothing

was being done to preserve the tim-

ber. He could remember when Mich-

igan was a virgin forest and when

lumbering and forest fires robbed the

state of its forests, and the cheapness

of lumber caused a great waste. Many

of the farmers got the spirit of waste

while working in the lumber woods.

He advised all who had waste land to

plant trees and teach the younger gen-

eration the beauty of preserving the

same. A lesson from the previous

week was brought out that should

teach the people the great need of

timber protection.



C. W. Whitney told of the different

grades of flour and their harmless

adulterants.



At the noon recess nearly all that





Grange. 7





THE MICHIGAN ,F’ARMER





were present visitedrthe .scene of the-

cyclone.



At 2:30 the Grange was called-to or-

der in open session in the Auditorium

and the following program given:

Piano solo. Miss Rea Putney, Kent

City; vocal solo, Ruth Putney,~Kent

City; recitation, Mrs. Lena Burch,

Rockford; vocal solo, Miss Marian

Shorts, Kent City; topic, "Our Needs,”

Chas. Allmand, Cedar Springs.



Mr. Allmand said in part: “First,

we need to be thankful for what we

are enjoying; second, we need to look

on the bright side of life; third, we

need to organize, and organize before

it is too late. We should be honest

with our boys and girls—give them a

fair chance. We need to look at our

own life before we find fault with oth-

ers; speak well of other people. Give

flowers while people are living,'don’t

leave all the good things to be said

and done after people are dead.





Eight ladies of Rockford Grange

gave the play, “How the Story Grew.”

This was a true story of life which

was cleverly given and called forth

hearty applause. Piano duet, Miss

Zimmerman and Milded Tower; read-

ing, Hine Smith.



The evening session in the fifth de-

gree was called at seven o’clock with

a short business session. The year

book committee’s report showed a net

profit of $55.20. The worthy master

appointed the year book committee to

look after and arrange for the August

rally, which will be held at North

Park on August 19.



The address of the afternoon was

given by Dr. M. McCool, Dean of the

Department of Soils of the M. A. C.

His topic was “Soil Management.”

He gave opportunity for those inter-

ested to ask questions about their par-

ticular problems.



The committee on resolutions re-

ported as follows:



Resolved, That we ap-prove and ap—

preciate the wise and statesmanlike

conduct of our president and his as-

ciates in maintaining peace and good

order in our beloved land, while so

much of the civilized world is locked

in the deadly struggle of war and its

horrors of destruction of life and

property.



Resolved, That we extend’ sincere

and heartfelt sympathy to the mem-

bers of Kent City Grange for the loss

that they sustained in the tornado

which passed over their vicinity, de-

stroying the home of Bro. A. D. Brown

and taking the life of some of their

neighbors, and also the destruction of

much property. We therefore recom-

mend that the members of the neigh-

boring Granges turn out at the proper

time and give generous assistance to

make good in part the loss which has

been sustained.



Resolved, That we extend to Kent

City Grange our heartfelt thanks for

their invitation and generous hospital-

ity, and for various numbers furnish-

ed on the program



The open meeting was called to

order in the Auditmium at 8 p. m.

Mr. Lilly, secretary of the West Mich-

igan Fair, was present and told of the

many promising things that were of-

fered the farmers this year in the way

of premiums for farm exhibits. .



A very fine program of music, reci-

tations and dialogues was given which

was greatly enjoyed and appreciated

by the visitors. One of the very good

numbers was a temperance recitation

by Miss Grace Playter which met with

hearty applause. A paper which is

also worthy special mention was giv-

en by C. F. Parks, entitled, “A Proph-

ecy—Farming in 1930." He foretold

how electricity and science will hold

full sway in the execution of farm

work.- To finish the evening’s. enter-

tainment Mr. Brott gave a moving pic-

ture exhibition.



The ladies of Kent City served" a

sumptuous dinner and supper to about

150 people. _

small part of the day’s enjoyment.





. benefited,





These ‘two events were no





:1-

.,





:I





 





l

I





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Address all communications relative





to the organization of new Clubs to' .

twill rapidly decrease in size and gen-





Mrs. J. S. Brown, Howell, Mich.‘





 





~THE FARM-ERS’ CLUB IN MINNE-





SOTA.





 





(Continued).



You will probably make. a mistake if

you think that you can get along all

right by speaking without first having

committed your thoughts to paper.

Fill your mind with knowledge of the

subject, and then throw aside all the

books and references and write down

what you intend to say. This will

help you to make new ideas your own.

It makes them clearer and helps to

fix them in your memory, or brings

out their vagueness, proving the

necessity ',of, further thought before

you are ready to offer them to the

public Then correct what you have

written. Cut out unnecessary Words

and phrases. .Make your sentences

short so that they may easily be un—

derstood, and then if you do not wish

to read your paper before the Club,

read it to yourself often enough that

you may be thoroughly conversant

with it. It is hardly advisable to

commit it to memory. You will

readily understand that all this takes

time and patience—-so does anything

of real value. You will be greatly

you will have something

worth while to give to the Club, and

the next time you are called upon it

will be much easier to make prepara-

tion.



Unless one is accustomed to public

speaking and is very familiar with his

subject, it is well to prepare a brief

memorandum on a small card or slip

of paper containing the sub-heads to

be discussed. The following was used

in-discussing' corn and it may be help-

ful in the preparation of other topics.



Corn.



Seed.——Selection, testing, grading.



Soil—Preparation, planting, time,

depth, thickness.



Cultivation—Time, implements to

use, what you cultivate for, what to

avoid in cultivation.



Harvesting—Husk from standing

stalk, feed asbundle-corn, silage, cut,

shock, and shred or husk, hog off.



No Club can attain itsflgreatest use-

fulness, if in fact it can endure, with-

out having something definite to do.

The study courses arranged for this





year were prepared with this in mind.

A faithful consideration of anyone of





them will give the Club sufficient work

to keep its members wide-awake and

interested. Community problems which

require collective effort, such as buy—

ing and selling organizations, good

roads, telephone service, schools, pub-

lic health, and recreation, may be ad—

ded. There is something lacking in

every community that can be supplied

by the efforts of its people. It is a

matter of first determining what is

most needed, and then by concerted

action getting it. An organization such

as a Farmers’ Club should be the

proper medium through which to crys-

tallize and set in motion the best sent-

iment of a community.



Many business organizations are

formed by farmers each year. Where-

ever the facilities for trading and mar-

keting are not what they should be,

it is advisable to form these associa-

tions, 'but there are many matters

which should be thoroughly considered

before doing so. It is not a good thing

to organize in order to prevent some-

one else from making money, but rath-

er to cut down expenses and to be-

come more efficient In fact, the main

object should be to do business more

ecOnomically.



Business representing a large num-

ber of stockholders can not be, run





SuCCessfully without keeping a. com-'





plete set of records. No organization





IIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII'IIIIIIII'I“I '.





F arm‘ers’ Clubs :'





, radical Changes.





JULY 24, 1915. '. .





should be attempted without first mak-





-ing sure that such a record will be

'kept * * . .





SOME PHASES OF DAIRYING.





 





(Continued from page 67).





eral value. The care and feeding of

the dairy cow have undergone very





day was obliged to use- much of her

strength and vitality to sustain her

own body.





tilated, warmed and lighted enables





her to apply her surplus powers to-





producing milk.

Homegrown Feeds Most Economical.

Economy in rearing dairy heifers

demands that home-grown feeds form

as much of her rations as possible A

plentiful‘ supply of rich succulent

feeds should be given the. heifer, not

only during the time she is growing,

but while she is carrying her calf to

enable her to reach the best possible

development. Palatability and succu-

lence form much of the value of corn

ensilage and root crops by increasing

the appetite and strengthening the di-

gestive organs. ,Clover hay is nearly

equal to pasture grass in the amount

of food nutrients that it contains, but

heifers will not eat enough to sustain

their best growth because it lacks the

succulent quality. When fed with sil-

age the heifer will consume larger

quantities of clover hay than when it

is fed alone. W‘ith clover hay and en-

silage and a limited amount of wheat

bran and oats we have an ideal ration

to feed the growing dairy heifers.





 





RELATION OF CHEMISTRY TO AG~

RICULTURE.





 





(Continued from. page 80).



was ripe one month later, the dry mat—

ter was 7,918 lbs.; protein 678 lbs.;

nitrogen free extract 4,828 lbs., and

the fat 314 lbs.

Water the Great Medium of Growth.



Accompanying this remarkable in-

crease in dry matter, of from 1,619

lbs. at the time of tasseling, to 7,918

lbs. at the ripe period, was a remark-

able change in the moisture content

of the crop of corn. At the tasseling

period it had 18,000 lbs. of water; 21

days later, when it was in milk, it

contained 32,000 lbs. of water; and a

month later, when it was fully ripe, it

contained 28,000 lbs. of water. This

shows in a degree how water was used

throughout the growth of the crop as

the medium through which the plant

nutrition was carried on. Remarkable

again is the- observation of the in-

eiease in the protein content, from

240 lbs. when the corn was tasseled,

to 678 lbs. when fully ripe; the nitro-

gen free extract increasing to an even





more remarkable extent and the fat_





increasing similarly. During this in

crease [of the nutritive constituents of

the crop there had also been a grad-

ual increase in the crude fibre con-

tent from 514 lbs. at the time of tas-

seling- to 1,724 lbs. when fully ripe.

It is therefore apparent that while the

finished product contained such a

great deal more protein and other nu-

tritive constituents than the young

plant at the time of tasseling, it also

contained a higher percentage of fibre

which made the cost to domestic ani-

mals of the utilization of these nutri-

ents considerably higher. It is be—





cause of these deductions and the hint '





which has been given as a result of

laboratory analysis which has made it

seem desirable for purposes of succu-

lency in the ration that the crop be

harvested and put into the silo short

of complete maturity.



These are types of researches which

chemistry has conducted into plant

growth and bring to, mind/perhaps

sufficiently the important relationship

of chemistry to this branch of agri-

culture.



(Next week, “Chemistry in Relation

to Animal Nutrition). '





The cow of yesterr





 





Today improved ways of'

feeding in stables that are better ven-'
THE MICHIGAN FAR—MER"





 





‘ JULY 24.1915. 19 ~7 9

...-B|E|iliiss’ mutton. . \Tms , _ p





(I .100. LA‘





 





CATTLE.





‘IIBERDEEN Anaus'





It eu are in need of an extra good bull or afew

oholce young cows or heifers. we have them for Sale

Our herd is headed by the Grand Champion B‘iack

Monarch 3rd. We invite you to come to our harm

and see them Then are bred right'and priced right.

U. L. Clark, Hunters Creek. Mich Sidney Bmlth.Mgr





ABERDEEN-ANGUS





HERD ESTABLISHED IN 1900.

TROJAN-EMICAS and BLACKBIRDS only. A

few young bulls and cows for sale Also breeders of

Percheron. Hackney and Saddle Horses.



WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionia. Mich.





AYBSH'REs—One of the foremost dairy breeds The

most economical milk reducers. Calves

for sale. White Leghorn cockere s; Duroc. Jersey

swine. Michigan School for the Deaf. Flint. Michigan.





 





‘THE VILLAGE FARM,

Grass Lake, Michigan,

GUERNSEY CATTLE.





 





MILO D. CAMPBELL CHAS J ANGEVINE





“BEACH FARM

GUERNSEYS





Combine the blood of the following great producing

sires and dams :——

Masher Sequel - . .





57 A. B. Daughters

1Galexy'n Sequel 87 A R. ‘





Glenwood Boy of Haddon 26 A. B. "

”May Rose King - - 1 A. B. "

Dairymaid of inehurst - - 910 lbs. fat

x-'Dolly Bloom -1 - - - - 836 ;_ ..

.Imp. Itchen Daisy - - - - 714

“Selma of Pinehurst - - - 762 “ l:

Stanford r Princess - 725 “





Bulls for dale only.





’A Dairy Show Every Day.

SAMPIIELL 8b ANBEVINE, Goldwater, Mich.





A GUERNSEY BARGAIN. Two bred heifers. Two

: mature cows (one fresh). One biill ready for service

A. WIGENT. Watervliet. Mich.





 





A. B1. breeding. G.





 





and BERKSHIRE '





For Salt—lie . Guernsey Gallic SW... 1.; 91...... ,9...

JOHN EB LS. R. 10. Hollnnd. Michigan.





G U E R N S E Y Sig‘b’ifilifi‘i‘x‘rig

Containing blood of world champions.

HICKS’ GUERNSEY FARM. Saginaw. W. S.. Mich.





 





UERNSEYS-Write for prices and particulars. 2

G .ballsl year old. Several bull calves. all from A. R.

cows and cows on test. Geo. N.Crawford. Holton. Mich.





 





UERNSEY BULLS FOR SALE, ready for service from A. R.

I Dams. if you want the right kind write for price and

breeding. BYERS & BARNES BROS.. Goldwater. Michigan





EGISTERED GUERNSEY COWS and IIEIFERS 'for sale at

R Windermcre Farm. Wutervliet. Michigan For particulars

address. J. K. BLATCHFORD. Auditorium Tower. Chicago. Ill.



Two last Oct. bull





H.EREFORDS; calves for sale. Big





fellows. .ALLEN 3303.. Paw Paw. Michigan.





Do You Want A Bull?





Ready For Servrce.



From a grand daughter of The King of the

Pontiacs. Sired by a bull that is more than a half

brother to the Champion’ Holstein Cow of the

World. and whose dam is a 30 lb. 656 1: fat dau hter

of Pontiac Aggie Korndyklewho has more ' lb.

daughters than any other livmg bull. If you do

write for pedigree.





EDWIN S. LEWIS, Marshall, Mich.





LANSING, MICHIGAN.

Oflers for sale the bull calf Espanore Dichter Fobes.

born April 19. 1915. Sired by one of the great bulls of





the country and out of a cow with a good A..R..O.

record and a sister to a 35.9 lb. cow. Price for quick





sale $100.

CHASE s. OSBORN.

ADAM E. FERGUSON, l Owners





I1 .4-YEAIi-0Lll BIILL





 





 





 





 





' 'zi ill-lbnson of Pontiac Korndyke. and out of 27-1b. '





(l u. 2 two-year-old and three yearling bulls. The

above bulls have breeding and individuality to

spare. Also'a few richly bred bull calves. These

will be priced right. This is a chance to get. a.

valuable bull for little money. Get busy. as this ad.

will appear but twice.





L. E. CONNELL. Fayette. Ohio.





The Two Greatest Bulls





, KING or Till-2 PONTIACS

on K01. 2d’s BUTTER nor 3rd

paddgb“§°smll 2112?.“ his so:

BIGELOW’S li0LS'l'ElN FARMS.





BREEDSVILLE. MICE.





 





 





EGISTERED Holsteins—Herd headed by Alhma Benin Butter

803. His dani lias A.R.0. records as follows: at 2 yrs. milk

430. butter 18.85; 4 yrs. milk 604.8. butter 27.08: at 6 yrs. milk

ego, butter 28.55 lbs. W. B. READER. Howell. Mich.





 





81M Gets 5 mo. )6 white grandson of Friend Hengervsld





Delhi .1 Maplccrest Pontiac Flora Hartog. 301bs. butter"





7 (1.3}.“1232 lbs. in 1‘ yr.‘ ' M. L. HOLAULIN, Redford, Mich,





 





F SALE—REGISTERED HOLBTEIN BULL

o! .1. porn Feinlm. . Monti white..Dam

has a ‘R n. recoil '. hls‘n T‘h'nter White Plea.‘ ’



CHA LES l. COOK. Box 438:“,I“owlerville. Michigan,





 





JULY 28

Breakwater Farm,





50 Head, Including Bred Sows and Ollie.





I II-llMFllIlll’S Illlliilil SALE | JULY 28[





Ann Arbor, Mich.





Herd





Bears and Spring Pigs





This offering is fully up to the high standard established in our former sales.

The oflering is bred to or sired by prize winning boars at the Michigan State





Fair.

afford to miss 11;.





JULY 28 |





This will be an unusual opportunity to buy choice Durocs.

Send for our catalog and plan to spend July 28 profitably at





BROOKWATER FARM,





R. F. D. 7, ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN





You cannot





I JULY 28





 





REC. HOLSTEIN BULL CALVES





dA. R. 0. breeding. and plenty of 30-lb. blood in

gfigir pedigrees. Dewey C. Pierson. Hadley. Mich.





EGISTERED HOLSTEIN BULL. 4 months old.

Very large straight handsome iellow. Just one of

the nicest indIViduaIs you ever saw. and he is bred

some . $50 delivered. Write for photo and ped

igree HOBART W FAY. Mason Michigan.





High Class HOLSTEINS rigid





is headed by Smithdaie Alcartra Pontiac. whose dam

is the famous Alcartra P olkadot. Have few young bulls

and females for sale at reasonable prices. Will buy

a few heifers about 15 months. not bred. Farm 3-6 mile

from court house. SETH B. RUBER'I‘. Howell. Mich.





 





MAPLECREST De Kol Hengerveld. an own brother

to a World's Champion heads our herd. Choice

Bull Calves for sale. or will exchange for registered heifers or





cows HILLCBEST FARM. Kalamazoo. MIOh.





FOR SALE Registered Holstein Bulls





ready for service. and bull calves. also females.

FREEMAN J. FISHBECK. Howell. Michigan.





Halsmi BULL clLIE8‘11?“1§?.‘l.‘;i.‘2:‘1i'..§§13‘135‘1“:





Michigan. Long Bench Farm, Augusta. Kalamazoo Co..Mich.





 





 





OLSTEIN CATTLE and Duroo Jer-ey Swine.

Choice pins of both sex now ready to ship. Prices

reasonable. E. R. CORNELL; Howell. Michigan.





$40.00 DELIVERED





Handsome Holstein bull calf. half black. Registered

and all papers. . R. . Sire and Dam.

ROUGE ONT FARMS. Datrolt. Michigan.





F0" 8‘1 —Actor ct Sheomet 95745. 4 yrs A show

Sure d k’de” fandb a cgance trance how he breeds.

an in or roe ing an price in mm f

WM. E. ANSTERBURG. Homer. Michllgan. °





 





HOCS.





‘ -- ~-Grand bunch of Gilts



Durocs &, Victoria; 1.11.111.-. and 1.1.11.

Comprising the blood



of Superba. Defender. Much 001.. Oriens and others.

Afew young bears. M. '1‘. STORY. Lowell. Mich.





 





 





to farrow

soon at

Akron. Michigan.





REGISTERED BERKSHIRE 50W





$20 each. B. B. REAVEY.





 





sow wsianzn 952 Les."

A 23 mourns om





 





I have started more breeders on the road to suc-

cess thanany man living. I have thelargest and fin-

est herd in the U. S. Every one an early developer.

ready forthe market at six months old. I want to

place one hog in each community to advertise my



erd. Write for my plan ,“How to Make Money from

Hogs. 0. s. BENJAMIN. In... 1 0 Portland. Mich. ‘





 





 





MY OH MY!

What an Opportunity.





Starting May lst. we are going to give to the farm-

ers and breeders an opportunity to get started right

in the breeding industry. We are going to give you

ahchance to get hold of foundation stock that will

lgive you a nucleus for one of the finest and best

herds in your community. We are going to show you

as we have others. that you will have greater

success with our big type





LAND CHINAS





than With any other breed We want to place'at

least one pi .‘or a pair in every community to adver.

tise our her . If interested. write for our plan and

prices. HILLCREST FARM. Kalamazoo. Mich.





DUROC JERSEYSZFSIHEI

either sex. from choice strains. 8. 0. STAR] MAN.

CHERRY LAWN FARM. Shepherd. Michigan.





 





 





0B SALE—Berkshin hogs. both sexes and different ages.

. Bred gilts for fall farrowing. Poll Angus Bull Calf, not rog-

lsiered. Price right. Chase's Stock Farm. R. l. Mariette. Mich.





 





' ' —-Boar piss ready to shi



Royallon Bred BBTISI’III’OS last of July at 12 weeks

weeks age With registry papers. Write lor pedigree and

prices. 1) F VALENIINE. Supt. ’i‘emperancs. Mich.





 





HAMPSHIRE Swine—~Breeding stock of all ages

p from most popular strains. Write for breeding.

Inspection invited. Floyd Myers. R. 9. Decatur. 1nd.





WEST WINDS HAMPSHIRE SWINE. Booking orders

for sow pigs immediate shipment. No males to oiler

E. P. Hammond. own.r. N. A. Wiser. manager. Pontiac. Mich





 





AMPSHIRE SWINE. the kind that wears the

belt. Nothing Isft for sale but a. few pigs.

S. U. MORT. Elsie. Michigan.





 





WOULD like to hear from those desiring to start

a herd of thoroughbred Chesters. Prices a. trac-

tive. F. W. ALEXANDER. Vassar. Michigan.





IG TYPE P. 0. Either sex. pairs or trios not akin.

Bred sows and gilts Have several 10(lOlb. boar pro-

spects. Absolutely no Izirl er breeding. Every hing

guaranteed right. FRANK KliUGEH. Rzivenna.Mioh.





 





OLA ND CHINA Spring Pigs from heavy honed

prolific stock. Bows bred for Hummer and Full pigs

at close prices. ROBERT NEVE, Pierson. Michigan.





 





Poland Chi as, either sex. all ages. Something good

. at a. low price. Bargains in bears ready for ser-

Vico. P. 1). LONG. It. I". I). 8. Grand Rapids. Mich.





f ' .

POLAND CHINAS rgud gll’grrgdgviiiELFGSowfgfd-d





for spring furrow. A. A Wood A: Son. Saline. Mich.





 





IIIIGE TYPE P. (ITEMS?Xii‘bifliinagniifl: i3.”—

bred gilts. W. J. HAGELSEAW. Augusta. Mich.





' ‘ Fall gilts bred weigh-

Blg Boned Poland Climas. .m. 1.0.11 260 .0 31111 11...

ROBERT MARTIN. H. l“. D. No. 7. Hastings. Mich.





 





 





MIIIIIIIIIII IIIIME IIIII illIIIIIIIli SIIIlIlIlI.

LAP





EER. MICHIGAN

Breeder of High Grade Holstein Cattle. Lists and

prices upon application.





ROLS'I‘EIN CATTLE and 0.1. C. SWINE





ELMER E. SMITH. Redford. Michigan.





 





Holstein-Ffiesian Breeder‘figf “”21“. {232,3





represented. D. D. AITKEN. Flint. Michigan.





NIXON FARMS





Brooklyn, Mich.





Have Some Registered Jerseys For Sale.





 





aple Lane Register of Merit Jersey Herd. Tuber-

M culin tested by U. S. Government. For sale bull

calves and heifer calves from R.‘ of M. dams and

grand dams. and 00d Farm Sire.

IRVIN FOX. Allegan. Michigan.





THE WILDWOOD JERSEY HERD





Re istered Jersey Cattle of Quality. Tuberculin

tesged. Majesty's Wonder No. 90717 heads the herd.

Bull calves for sale. also a two-year-old bull that is

ri ht. Por rices and description write or come.

ALVIN BAL EN. Capac. St. Clair 00.. Michigan.





illie Farmstead Jersey Cattle. Bull calves from R.

L of M. Cows. also heifer calves and several bred

heifers for sale. Colon C. Lillie. Coopersville. Mic-11'



erseys. Bulls ready for service. extrafiluality sired

J by Jacoha's Fairy Emanon. No. 1071 . from high

producing dams. SMITH & PARKER. Heivell,Mich.





JERSEYS—THE REGISTER OF MEBII KIIIID.





BROOKWATER FARM. H. No. 7. Ann Arbor. Mich,





' from high-producing dams.with

JGI'SBY Bulls Ior sale testing Asso. records. also on

semi-ofliciai test. C. B. Wehner. it. 6. Allegan. Mich





FISHERTON FARM JERSEYS—93.3.3032?





r

Hood Farm Pogis‘ 9th.. from Register of IVlerit dams.

FISHERI‘UN FARM. Pontiac. Michigan.





FOR SA, E~A JERSEY BULL eligible to

. -' registry“ nineteen months old.

Financial King blood. E. Ii. Fitch; Watervliet. Mich.





nosrnoaus





For “Beef and Milk"

Registered Bulls. Cows

and heifers Scotch-top-

ped roans. reds and

white for sale. Farm

at L. S. & M. S. Depot.

also D. T. & I. H’y.

BIDWELI. STOCK FARM





Box B. Tecumseh. Mich_





 





 





   

 





‘ BIDWELL s





. V‘y.





   





A Albion Stamp 352670





 





- ' D l

Shnriliorns For Sale, 2:23.133 "2}? “’2?“ if f”?

W. B. McQUILLAN. Chllson, Liv. 00.. Michigan.





minis sunnrnnnurmn Us"; some





sale. DAVIDSON‘ HALL. Tecumseh. Michigan.





Shor‘iiiorn Callie oi bolli Sex lor Sale





. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.





 





 





 





Sh I'II'I I' —Dairy or beef bred. Breeding stock all

0 II II: ages for sale at farmers prices. C. W. Crum.

Secy. Cent. Mich. Shorthorn Breeders' Assn- McBride. Mich.





UICK Sale. Milking Shorthorn Roan Cow 6 W's.

old. 7271 lbs. milk in 9 mos. Roan heifer calfat feet 5300.

A Rosa 3 yr. out above cow givinr 301i»). aday7 mos. after

calving .200. Have sold farm. John Brown. Saranac. Mich.





011111131911 shodhom 23.11282 B:t.°:.it':1‘n.¥2:s?





:Prloe, {100 each. : J..B. HUMMIIL. Mason, Mich.)





 





Big Type. 0.I.0’s and Chester White Swine.





400 fall pigs either sex. pecial prices for the next

30 days. also bred gilts and service mules and we are

booking orders for spring pig . all our stock is good

enough that 1 Will ship 0. O D. and reg. free in the

O. I. C. or Chester White Asse. We won. more prizes

than all other breeders put together. at 111.. and

Wis. State Fairs. Write for Show record.





ROLLING VIEW STOCK FARM

Cass City, - Michigan.





0. I. C. PIGS 351i‘fiéfihpiil‘iaAé’JllJtiifi‘é

JOHN BERNER & SON. ii. 4. Grand Ledge. Mich.

REGISTERED

JEWEII’S BLUE RIBBON 01 I. 01’s



h





Growthy type. Photos. J Carl Jewett. Mason. Mic .





 





o I c! ——Sows bred to furrow last of June

. o S and July. Prices reasonable.

G. P. ANDREWS. Dansville. Michigan.





 





o M c —G1ilts bred for Aug. and Sept. fan-ow.

s u is Will take orders for March and April

H. W. MANN. Dansvllle. Michigan.





pigs.



‘ s —Spring pigs. pairs and trim-x. not

Go in C S akin, from state fair winners.

A.VONI)ALE STOCK FARM. Wayne. Mich.





ll. I. [L’s SIBIGTIY BIG TYPE





Giits bred for Sept. farrow and March pigs now ready

to ship. Extra good ones at prices that will move

them. Pairs not akin. I will be pleased to ship them

0. O. D. and record them free in purchaser‘s name.





NEWIIIAN'S STOCK FARM R. No. l, Mariette, Mich.

—Are you on the





01.) Ho c. SWIN market for 1!.





choice bred HOW to farrow the lust of Aug. or fore

part of Sept? If you are, write me, I have them,

A. J. GORDLN. R No. 2 Don. Michigan.





 





 





I 6390—8 last fall gilts bred to furrow lust of Aug.

u I 0 and in Sept. ig growthy stock. also lust

Spring pigs and one last fall hour. is mile west or

depot. OTTO B. SCHULZE. Nashville. Mich.





 





5 —Serrice boars, gilis, sows. spring



0- I. c 5 pigs—none better. Satisfaction

guaranteed. A. B. GRAHAM. Flint. Michigan.

Pairs not





0. I. c. Pigs, 8 In Ill Weeks Old 310.11.1111 3111.

Registered free. C. J. Thompson. Rockford, Mich.

o ' Choice Sept. pigs, either sex. Will



0 e 0 take orders for March. April and May

pigs. not akin. ALVIN V. HATT. Grass Lake, Mich.





 





 





Way Broihers Siock Farm. 9,3333% §£g:."g.}:g§





for sale. Registered free. J. H. Way. Pompeii, Mich.





O. l. C. BOARS 10 months. Choice Rtnok.





Register furnished. Prices

WEBER BROS.. Royal Oak. Mich.





 





reasonable.



DUROC JERSEYS-A few fall bears and 12

bred gilts for sale.



CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings. Michigan.



FoR SALE—Fancy bred gilts. fall males. spring pigs.



of the large. smooth kind. Price to sell.



JOHN MCNICOLL. Station A. R 4, Bay City, Mich.





 





 





 





apitol Herd Duroc Jersev Swine. Established 1888.

C Spring pigs for sale. satisfaction guaranteed. _le-

press prepaid. J. H. Banghart. East Lansing. Mich.





Imported Strain.





' ready for service and sows with

Large Sll’alil P. c. anars pigs. Am hrccduig sows for

fall fm'row «If ilie host ln‘ccdlng. to he hurl at bargain prices

for the nexltl 30 days. must have the room for nilicrs





o. SWAR'IZ. Schoolcraft. Michigan.





 





' —Am booking orders for male pigs

POIani China to be sliiriped at weaning time.

G. \1. li(ll.’l‘()N. R. No. 11. alamazoo. Michigan.





Big Type Poland China Pigs





35 great. stretchy April pigs ready to ship. Write for

prices. BEAN Ciilfll‘lh FARM. Addison, Michigan.





FALL PIGS AT HALF PRICE





Bred from the largest strain of Poland Chlnas on

earth. none bigger. If you ever expect to own a reg.

istored Poland China, this is your opportunity_ Get

I)ll")’ and order at once Palm and tries not akin $15

each J (l. BII’I'LI'III. Portland, Mich. Bell Phone.





 





 





 





Ill 'l‘ype boars by Big Smooth Jumbo. Greatest

hour In State. 748 lbs at 17 mo. These bears are

long. tall. big bone sold at farmers prices. shipped

(‘ C n an” or write. Wm. Waffle. ()oldwater..\lich.





 





I 161 Type P. C. Herd boar Chief of Irimgword No.

84375. also Hoosier Giant 2nd Pigs sired by him

011 Big ~iiio(.1|i lumb: I FIIC.’ rn tli. stock ffor





-i-:il‘ ‘ :‘(':Fi.

...11..1_..-..» mus .1 s BHAIFTHWAI’IE Brant. Mich.





Régiltel‘edYorkshires





The World’s Bacon Breed.

Both Sexes

Prices Reasonable.





Hatch lierd, Ypsilanti, Michigan.

50 Y0RliSlllRES—{31‘1353”'11.1‘ifii‘ 3.721333%???





liocks. I. R. Ducks. E. 1‘. CARR. Homer. Mich:





 





 





 





 





FOR SALE iniwnenge Lodge Yorksliiros. Bears from

J to 5' mos. old. “'izililingpigs to ship

Sept. lst. ‘





GEO. MCMULLEN, Grand Ledge, Mich.



I I

For Sale —— Yorkshire Gilis

from large litters. hrwl for full furroii'ing Waterman

aterman. Ann Arbor. Mich. Moudmvlund Farm.





 





 





1 .~—Wo;mi‘ng pigs. pairs not akin. Brod

MUIBIOOI Logs: Fons nlili pills for full furrow. in“





service boars. C. F. BACON. R. 3. Briilon. Mich.





 





illi'e Farmstead Vorkshires. Bours rozidv for service.

, J. Gilts bred 101‘ Sept. l'zirrou'. Spring pigs. pairs and

trios. not akin. Colon C. Lillie. Uoopersville. Mich.





‘YORKSHIRES





Bred gilts. service boars. September and October pips. '

Prices reasonable. . C. COOK. R. 42, Ada, Mich.





 





FOR SALE _— R 1

Pure Ilred Mule Fool Hogs mi... .111 .Hrvweeggggl

R. FRANK SMITH. R. B. 3. Merrill. Michigan;





BERKSHIRES 01101.31. 99““ Mara and gilts.

stock. ELMHURSIrSc'fOCtII i‘i‘i‘iiflf’itni‘flflzfi‘?





SHEEP.





Registered Oxford Down Sheep—W333“

M. F. GANSSLEY. Lennon. Michigan. '





 





 





 





BII IIIIIIEII IIIIIIIIII . Mlhiiiiiifi‘éithfilalgfiil





M. A. BR AY. Okemos. (lngham (20.). Michigan.





UROC JERSEYS—Spring piss either sex. Gilts bred for

D Sept. farrow to a son of Volunteer Grand l‘limnpion at

Interna'l Stock Show Chicago. F. J. Drodt. R. 1, Monroe. Mich.





DUROC Jersev bred gilts. bred for Aug. and Sept.

farmw from leading blood lines: also afew Rt)

boars. Write for circular and prices. W.C.Taylor. Milan. Mich.





—l\Inrr‘h pigs oiiher sex. sired by a son

Illll’oc 10's., of volunteer Champion of 3 State Fairs

and Chicago Show in 1912. E. 8. Morris. Monroe. Mich.





 





L.‘ C. HUNT





 





HORSES

FOR SALE—Re istered Percheron Stallion Mares

an Fillies at reasonable rices. 1n-





spectien invited. F. L. KING dc SON. Char otte.Mich.





 





' wirieg. Shetland Ponies. mostly

PIES“ P0" Farm spots.1 spotted stallion and young

stock for sa . Dr. W. T. Morrison. Pigeon, Mich.





I

Registered Percherons

Brood mares. Fillies and Young Stallions. Priced

to sell. Inspection invited.

& CO.. Eaton Rapids. Michigan.
80—20





THE MICHIGAN FARMFR





llEllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIll]|lIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlillllllll|IlllllIIlllllIIllll|||IIIllllIll|I|lllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllll. llllllllllllIlllll|llIlllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfl-





|





Practical





RELATION OF CHEMISTRY TO AG-

RICULTURE.





 





BY FLOYD w. ROBISON.

(Continued).



Hand in hand with the study of the

requirements of soils, the method of

the renewing of the fertility of the

soil and the application of scientific

deductions to soil cultivation and soil

manipulation, has been conducted a





very careful inquiry into the composi-.





tion of plants and growing crops.

While this has been desirable in es-

tablishing the fertilizer requirements

of a soil and to study administrative

agents in their simplest forms; a

knowledge of plants in their relation

to food values has required an inquiry

into the more or less complex combi-

nations of certain of these elements.

While the application of fertilizers to

a soil has meant the addition largely

of mineral manures, we are impressed

with the fact that the substances of

greatest consideration from a nutri-

tive point of View in plants are not

mineral substances at all, but sub-

stances which contain varying propor-

tions of so-called non-mineral ele-

ments.



In a Study of Plants the Non-minerals



Are the Items of Interest.



This is not, of course, rigidly true,

but sufficiently so to show that in gen-

eral the constituents contributed to

soils in nlanures are themselves not

directly built into actual food constitu-

ents in plants. It is an appreciation

of this point which has led us to refer

to these mineral constituents, not as

plant food, but as administrative

agents. It is in their presence, and

because of their presence that organic

structures are formed into plants and

not because they are an integral or

even important factor in the com-

pound formed. If phosphoric acid,

potash, lime, etc., were valuable, be-

cause it were necessary for them to

. form the foundation for all organic

structures, soil exhaustion would be

exceedingly rapid, but they seem to

exercise in plant nutrition to a large

degree the role of mere agents, there—

by promoting the desirable conditions

under which the carbon, hydrogen,

oxygen and nitrogen may be built into

the immense and wonderful super-

structure of which plants are largely

composed.



Plants Exhibit Great Individuality.



The laboratory has been able to

simplify to a remarkable degree the

various classes or kinds of organic

compounds which exist in plants.

There are probably no two organic

structures exactly alike. We will take

for instance, the well-known organic

compound, starch. Chemically speak-

ing, starch consists of a complex com-

bination of three elements, carbon,

hydrogen and oxygen. No one of these

three elements is contributed to the

soil in the form of mineral manures,

but mineral manures do assist mate-

rially in providing the favorable con-

dition under which starch manufac-

ture goes on in the plant tissues.

There are no two types of plants

which furnish starch of the same char-

acter. In ultimate composition they

are the same but we are able to dis-

tinguish even physical differences. Let

us take corn starch for instance. It

is essentially physically different from

wheat starch, and again, both are ma-

terially different from potato starch,

so much so that each may be distin-

guished quite readily. So far as nutri-

tive value is concerned, however, they

are the same, and so the chemist has

been able to group, in his study of

plants and nutrition, the starches to-

gether for the purpose of determining

the nutritive value of a given product.

The Food Constituent of Plants.

His analysis of a plant and the plant





Elli!“Ill|lllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllll!lllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllillIllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllI|Illll|lll|II|llllIlllllIIllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllE’J





Science.





IllIllllllllllllIllllllllllflllllllll





product he divides in the following





way: First, protein; second, fibre;

third, fats; fourth, nitrogen-free ex-

tract; fifth, mineral matter or ash.





These materials all form a very defi‘

nite relationship to animal nutrition

and consequently the study of compo-

sition of plants has been a direct fore-

runner of the study of animal nutri-

tion. Both problems exhibit a wonder-

ful relationship between chemistry

and agriculture.

The Importance of Protein.



The protein of plants we have been

in the habit of considering as the

most essential principle of food pro-

ducts. It is essential because a cer-

tain minimum allowance of it is abso-





lutely essential to the maintenance of '





animal life. It will maintain-life alone

almost indefinitely. It is this com-

pound in plants which has utilized to

the fullest degree what mineral ele-

ments are taken up by plants and it

is through their relationship to the

protein compounds in food that we

have any right to call phosphoric acid,

lime, iron, and the like, plant foods at

all. Aside frdm this it contains the

interesting and all important element,

nitrogen, which seems to be the key-

stone to the activity of all living mat-

ter. An animal will starve to death

on a diet of fat exclusively or on a

diet of starches exclusively, although

the energy equivalent of the starch or

of the fat may be far ill excess of that

demanded by the animal’s body. On

the other hand, an animal may live

apparently indefinitely if supplied with

protein in the absence of starch, sug-

ars, or fats, and we therefore have

assumed with logical reasouing, the

vital relationship of protein to animal

nutrition.

The Proper Time to Harvest the Crop.

The science of plant growth does

not at all lie in an establishing of the

identity of the different compounds

which go to make up a plant. This

has been, of course, the first aim of

the research but it is evident that

plants vary materially in nutritive

value, depending upon the stage of

maturity, which they have attained.

Consequently it has been necessary to

study the composition of the growing

plant at different periods in its growth

and we find as a result Of this study





_that there is a point which we may





call the optimum point in the life his-

tory of the plant, where it presents

its greatest quantity of nutritive ma-

terial. Ordinarily one would be in-

clined to say that this optimum point

is at the full maturity of the plant and

this is undoubtedly true with such

crops as wheat and the grain crops

wherein the grain or the seed is de-

pended upon for food. In the so—call-

ed succulent foods, however, the lab-

oratory has shown that there are oth-

er points of consideration and the an-

alysis of the plant at the different

stages of its growth has shown at

what stage it is most advantageous to

harvest the crop for the particular

purpose to which it is put.



Ladd’s Study of the Acre of Corn.



To show just what changes take

place in the growth of the crop, we

present here the summaries of Henry

who quotes experiments of Ladd, of

the New York Experiment Station, on

the study of an acre of corn. ‘He

found when the corn crop‘was tassel-

ed, 1,619 lbs. of dry matter; 240 lbs.

of protein; 654 lbs. of nitrogen free

extract, and 72 lbs. of fat, 'Ten days

later the corn had silked. It then had

3,078 lbs. 'of dry matter,‘437"lbs. of

protein; 1,399 lbs..of nitrogen free ex-

tract, and 168 lbs. of fat. Twelve days

later, when the corn was in the, milk,

the dry matter was 4,643 lbs.;’protein

479 lbs; nitrogen free extract 2,441

lbs., and fat 229 lbs. When the corn



. (Continued on page 78).





 





 





".IULY‘24, 1915. '. '





i ‘\

" I x ' ~’l‘.l‘l‘.\ ‘»

1 i/ik/I .

7 \r“, ‘» S. .1





 

   





\, *7

'1 ~ '“~ \w k,





u I HE Whierind is CéTtathY a. glutton for Work”, writes 7

as f 02‘? 0f many entlguswéshtic owners.——“It takes the fodder 4' l V



as as We Can g6 It ere and elevates ’w w _. “ ' .

no band cuttln , chokes, or break-downs," aY 213’ up





That 5 what all hirlwinds (lo—The one ' ' '

_ _ piece Main Wheel the heavmst made,

3:21?) gaggfzgrk, uniform speed, uniformly applied centrifugal ’strain and therefore

ewest working parts hence least friction Ever ' f ' ' l

. 'th . y piece 0 Whirlwmd

L221; grzdgtggtés from 9,000 to 17,000 lbs. greater strains per sq. in. than





   

   

   

 

   





It. pays to investigate carefull before I) '

.\ fil" free catalogue and boo]? “Wh;yzl;ilgd £233 (a:

S lily Ffilgllo. Lev m how to judge the ml essentials ot a





 





 





 





at.





Whyand New lo

Fl". S'lfl





   





There's a lot of in-



slde information



in our free weekly ‘

EU]: I R LW IN I) V lull} “Lil“

' LETIN to Agents. . will pl; A.

I to yours for the asking. ilfiiill Jiltlllliull



l.‘_ ‘l‘ H1 I



‘l .\ P





Wilder-Strong lmpl’l co. Milli





”Hm—11'?

Box 13’ Monroe, Michigan . . orh‘\u3l..u Cu





 

   

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





 





~ 1 ill"

'40 WlllllLVllllll

SIZES





 





   





OLD WAY





 

 

   

 





AV





 

 





FILL YOUR SILO FULL





"o9§\rumvourw'aste snaceinto Dollars to

\‘ t. more silage into your present Silo—get it '/ 3





A2. ‘ - , Ge _ .

' l \\ in quicker. easier; finish your filling without ‘





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





l

bumping your head on the roof—without . I





. . I ‘ 1

. The Hoosier way gives yous / Iii/Slag“

[3 'Ify VLl ‘!





     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





”ll l'l‘E

l

——|L— _ top load that settles within a few days to

‘ silo top level—no refilling necessary. . ..

‘Shortogo of sllago In wlntor may moon buy lood at K. 1:

is high prlces. This money wouldgmy for a Hoosier Silo Ex- if _

tension Roof and would give you all value from every inch of your silo.





llllllllllll llllll

|

"""lllll" THE HOOSIER SILO EXTENSION ROOF

Io Sirong.£conomlool. Pormanont, can ho attachodfio any Silo—stave steel, concrete or tile.



Withstands wind; is rain, fire and rust-proof; lasts a lifetime: increases silo capamty X to 95; easy

Gto put on (5 easy to open and close; easy to fill; lessens labor; increases profits. Pays for itself in a season.

usrsntee . ~



Proparo now—before you bulk! or complete your silo; ll_ you now own a silo it will ay you to

replace the old style roof with n Hoosier as others have-done. Write now for booklet that shows ow other!

are turning waste space into dollars with the Hoosier Silo Extension Roof. Write today.





SHEET METAL SPECIALTY 00..

537 N. V. St. Goshon, Ind. 637 Brokers Bldg" Kansas Clty. Mo.





 





 





' Get These Big Profits





Now men everywhere are making big money with the

famous SandWich Hay Press. (Motor Power). $10—



15—$20 a day clear profit is common. [I



in a short time from



ays for itself mews...



steel construction-certain sure op-





eration. Makes its own power

from snmpleqturdy Sand-. “in“





 

   

 

 

 





   





h .up-cs its?

wic gas en me (4 _ 3 e ~e ‘

6 or 8 H. P3 t «of _. 1 on Pg‘rlction clutch 1‘1th





 

 





 





on same and tens. Sirtnpl uswal‘lovil

. _ ling urns on no .



truck. r35 , bales. jmple self feeder andalilnocl?

: , ' drop er. Engine with magneto. We make

Horse In Belt Power Presses boo. Write Now.





 





 





Fm Book



—"’l‘ons Tell” pictures and

describes these great presses.

Write for a copy now.





SANDWICH MFG.C0.,514 Oak SLSaiidwilell. 9.33:3? ‘.





loss" . tonsil Bluffs. la.—-Iu 514 a Kansas City. Mo. Bolln.





 

 

 





 

 

 





 





 

 





 





 





IS YOUR FARM PROPERLY DBAINED?





Are you tryin to raise farm reduce on im

_ . pro or]

drained landg Might as wellp try to grow hairgn ii





billiard ball. Farm land, to produce. must. be cared

for With the same efficiency and attention as you

would give to your implements. All farming essen.





tials start With perfect and adequate drainage.



Let us tell you about our made in Michigan tile—the

salt glazed. Vitrified kind—in sizes from 3 to 24 inches.

Write for onrlosd prices.





AMERICAN SEWER PIPE C0,





200 St. James Ave., JACKSON, MICH.





 





 





 





   





 





   





   





 

 

 

 





"WW“ - 33 Capacity

11%- _ . :3



.mfiu 5 3 Economy



I Eu: S a f e t y



i ES New



i' v D i i f e r en t





 





 





 





 





SIL‘O FILLERS AND





0 o PRICED

Glazed Tile 31105 To roux Home Town,

OILOS to euro cost first—then ray. BOW? Ask. giving size.





N Kalamazoo 'gfi‘o" Co., Kalamazoo, Michigan

,, . . N0. FORT WORTH; MINNEAPOLIS. KANSAS Cl".

‘ TEXAS. “INN. lo.





Ensilage Guttersand





 





 





 





Outtln figporatus and Blowe





ST E E (insteo cast iron).

Eopoololly doslgnod lor oloom_p_oiuor .ng

oxlroordlnorlly heavy, work. Steel. ls“

known to be stronger than cast iron. The

' Ross is not on ordinary fodder cutter but a

spool-I modo moohlno for lllllng silos. We hav

, manufactured the for 05 non, and j ‘

‘ " to—day 1:! “rill: b ' lgtovtrn notions prove ’



‘ ' . itasnpe o y.- 9 area 03.-

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