The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State. VOL. CXLV. No.5 Whole Number 3847 DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, JULY 31, 1915. 50 CENTS A YEAR. 32 FOR 5 YEARS. , HILE the increase in the num- ber of silos on Michigan farms has been very large during recent years, there yet remains a very large number of farms in the state on which the erection of a silo would be an exceedingly profitable in- vestment for the owner. Silage has long since passed the ex- perimental stage as a feed for live stock. Since its use has been more general on dairy farms than on farms devoted to other branches of the live stock industry, experience has been more extensive and general in its use as a feed for dairy cows than for any other class of live stock. Dairymen are practically a unit in the belief that silage is a necessity if maximum re- Sults are to be secured from the dairy herd. There yet remain a few farm- ers who keep cows who have erected silos and ceased to fill them for one reason or another, generally because they have undertaken to make silage answer the purpose of both roughage and a grain feed or have undertaken ‘ Silos and Silage to make it almost the exclusive rough< age ration fed. This class of dairy- men are, however, so small as to be almost a negligible quantity. Indeed, it is a question whether they may be properly classed as dairymen, since it will generally be found that where this opinion is held, the dairy business is abandoned for some other line of agriculture before the lapse of very many years. Commercial feeders of both cattle and sheep are likewise conversant with the value of silage as a roughage ration for their fattening animals. In addition to the practical experience which nearly all points in one direc- tion the farmer who has had no expe- rience in the use of ensilage as a feed for live stock has but to study the reports of experiment stations where it has been used in carefully conduct- ed trials, to learn that in every case where used with a suitable combina- tion of other feeds, it has reduced the cost of production and increased the profit resulting from the production of dairy products or meat animals of ev- ery kind. In more recent years it has also been used successfully in the feeding of flocks of breeding sheep, and to a more limited extent as a fac- tor in the ration of horses during the winter season. Economy of Silo Demonstrated. Since. the silo has proven such a profitable investment for dairy farm- ers and stock feeders generally, there can remain no manner of doubt that it will also prove a profitable invest- ment for the general farmer who keeps live stock as a side line rather than as a specialty. So much data proving the economy of silage as a feed for all kinds of live stock has been published that it is unnecessary to dwell further upon this point. It may be accepted as a demonstrated fact that it is at once a most econom- for Both Winter and Summer Feeding Found on Many Dairy Farms. ical and beneficial feed, not alone be- cause the silo affords the means of saving the corn crop with a minimum waste, but as well because the addi< tion of a succulent feed to the ration insures added thrift of the live stock to which it is fed, provided it is judi- ciously compounded with other feeds to make a wholesome and well balanc- ed ration. A Silo will Save the Late Corn. But, aside from this excellent rea- son for adding a silo to the equipment of the farm, there are on very many farms special reasons for such a course this present season. Owing to the backward spring and the exces- sively wet weather which has prevail- ed up to the present time, the Michi- gan corn crop has not attained any- where near its usual stage of develop- ment for this season of the year, and unless exceptional conditions prevail during the balance of the season, very much of it will be cut by frost before it matures. In view of this impending danger, the erection of a silo will give the farmer with a backward corn crop an added feeling of security and a probable source of profitable saving out of all proportion to the amount of the investment required. Economical Storage. Another argument for the erection of a silo upon many farms is the fact that it affords more economical stor- age space than can be secured by a similar investment in other farm build- ings. The removal of the corn crop from the field when it is ready to cut for silage facilitates the use of the land for other more profitable and sat- isfactory uses than the curing of the crop in the shock or husking out the corn in the field during the disagree- able fall weather. The ground may be utilized for fall sown grain, or bet- ter yet, a cover crop can be sown in the corn which will be available for forage or to be plowed dOWn as green manure the following season, a prac- tice which will be much more general than is the case where the corn is handled in the ordinary way in the field. Too much emphasis can hardly be placed upon the importance of such utilization of the corn field, since it is one of the best means at hand for conserving and improving the fertility of worn soils which have been deplet- ed of their humus content by unwise methods of management during past years. A Summer Feed. Another reason for the building and filling of silos has received very gen- eral demonstration within quite recent years. Dairymen have found that their herds produced better and that they have been able to increase their produce by increasing the number of cows kept through the use of silage as a summer feed. With the increase in land values which has been quite marked in Michigan during recent (Continued on. page 83). ' Commercial Cattle and Sheep Feeders Recognize Value of Silage as a Feed. 82—2. The Michigan Farmer Established 1843. Copyright 1915. The Lawrence Publishing Co. Editors and Proprietors. 39 to 45 Congress St. West. Detroit. Michigan l‘anrnonn Mun 4525. NEW YORK OFFICE-'41 Park Row. CHICAGO OFFC 15—604 Advertising Building. CLEVELAND OFFICE—10114015 Oregon Ave.. N. E. PHILADELPHIA OFFICE—214-ZIS Twelfth St. M, ]_ LAWRENCE ........................... President M. L. LAWRENCE--------------v-- ----- Vice-President ......... See-Treat E. H. HOUGHTON l. R. WATERBURY................................. Associate Editors BURT WERMUTH....;............ ........... FRANK A. WILKEN ................ ... ALTA LAWSON Ll’ITELL ....................... E. H HOUGHTON .......................... Business Manager TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One year, 52 issues-unm- Two years, 104 issues~---------------~---~----~ Three years, 156 isgucs .............................. Five years, 260 issues ........................................... 2.00 All sent postpaid. Canadian subscriptions 50c a year extra for postage. RATES OF ADVERTISING: 40 cents per line agate type measurement. or $5.60 per inch (14 agate lines per inch) per I'nsertion. No adv’t In serted for less than $1.20 each insertion.‘ No objection- able advertisements inserted at any price. Mem Stands“!— Farm Papers Association and Audit uresu of Circulation. Enterd as second class matter at the Detroit. Michigan, postofiice. DETROIT .JULY 31, 1915. CURRENT COMMENT. Among the spe- cial topics an- nounced for dis- cussion in the ‘ columns of the Michigan Farmer dur- ing the current year, was “The Farm- er’s Banking Problem.” Inasmuch as this is a very broad topic upon which there is bound to be a considerable di~ versity of opinion, it has been thought best to open the subject by an editor- ial comment and request general con- tributions from progressive farmers who are members of the Michigan Farmer family. There are many phases of this ques- tion which could be discussed at some length with profit to the rank and file of Michigan Farmer readers. But if this discussion shall awaken in the rank and file of our readers an inter— est in their owu personal banking problem which will lead to its careful consideration from a business point of View, its object will have been accom- plished, even though it does not con- tribute to the solution of the large and general problem which will immedi- ately come to the mind of the average reader as a result of contemplating this title. The first phase of this problem which should properly claim the atten- tion of every farmer is the mainte- nance of a small commercial bank- ing account with his local bank to be checked against in the transaction _of his daily business. The advantages of this plan are recognized by every business man, and are so obvious as to make superfluous any extended ar- gument in its support. The farmer who abandons the practice of carrying considerable sums of money about with him and settling his transactions in cash and tries the plan of settling them instead by checks on his local bank, will quickly recognize the ad- vantages of this plan. Aside from the element of safety which is thus brought into one’s business, the estab- lishment of a banking connection will be highly beneficial in other ways. Once he becomes a patron of his bank, the banker will familiarize himself with a farmer’s business to an extent which will make him a valuable refer- ence as to his credit, and if he is sat- isfied that the farm business is being conducted along safe lines, will be glad to supply his patron with capital to meet temporary emergencies at convenient seasons. Savings accounts may also be ad- vantageous in many cases while funds are accumulating for the making of larger investments or in sufficient amount so they can be placed advan- tageously at a better rate of interest on gilt-edged securities. This, how- The Farmer’s Bank'- ing Problem. THE. MICHIGAN FA-RMER ever, is not so important as is the op- ening of a commercial account, al- though the maintenance of a savings account is an excellent business train- ing for the farm boy or girl, and from this standpoint is to be strongly rec- ommended. Once the habit» of doing business through the bank is established, the plan of financing the business transac- tions of the farm in advance may wise- ly be considered a factor in the farm- er’s banking problem. It is a recog- nized disadvantage both to the pur- chaser and the merchant who sells him goods to conduct daily transac- tions on a credit basis. The judicious buyer who always pays his bills in cash or at maturity can ever buy to, better advantage, either in his local store or in the broader open market, than can the man who is always be- 19 hind in the payment of his bills, and who depends to this extent upon the local tradesman to finance his busi- ness and solve what is properly his own banking problem. It would be far better to make small commercial loans at the local bank and conduct the small business transactions on a cash basis than to be always in debt to local tradesmen for goods which have been consumed. Nothing is worse for the general credit of any man than to overwork that credit in this manner. It is an accomodation for which one must, in the end, pay in some way, and it is far better to pay in advance in the form of interest on needed funds than in any other way. Much more might be said with re- gard to the early solution of the indi- vidual farmer’s banking problem through existing channels which are everywhere - available for his use. There has been a general and grow- ing feeling for some years, however, that adequate banking facilities do not exist for the proper accommoda- tion of the farmers of this country who are entitled to credit on a basis commensurate with the safety of the security which they are able to offer. Michigan Farmer readers are famil- iar with the investigations which have been conducted into co-operative bank- ing, so-called, in Europe and other countries which has aided the farmers of those countries to pool their credit in the financing of their business on advantageous terms. While much pro- gress has been made in the way of a far better general understanding of the situation which exists in many for- eign countries with regard to the farmer's banking problem, the unfor- tunate condition of war in Europe is likely to delay the working out of feasible schemes along this line in our own country, on any basis which will give the farmers 'of the country early opportunity to use their com- bined credit in the securing of needed funds at interest rates which are comparable to those which have pre- vailed in European countries where this plan is followed. would seem to be a logical deduction- from the fact that the finances of the belligerent countries will be very greatly depleted by the war, and so many avenues will be open for the in- vestment of capital, once the war is ended, that the realization of cheap in- terest rates on farm securities will be thereby delayed. However, there is no question but that far better conditions could be brought about in the financing of farm projects if some universal plan is worked out in this country whereby farm securities may be placed upon the general rather than the local mar- ket, to which they are largely confin- ed at the present time. The discus- sion of this phase of the farmer’s banking problem should, however, fol- low rather than precede the discussion of the more personal and general problem of the commercial banking account. In this connection may we not hope that there may be this present season a very large increase in the number of farmers who get into the class of good business men by the establish- ment of a commercial banking con- nection for the transaction of the rou- tine business of the farm, and as a. means of providing funds for tempor- ary needs in cases where such added capital may be made to earn large div- idends, through the supplying of need- ed material or equipment for carrying on the farm business to the greatest economic advantage. In the very na- ture of the case the farmer’s banking problem is an economic problem, and the universal practice of good busi- ness men in other avocations points to the first step in its correct solution. STATE FAIRS. Egrest City, Cleveland, Ohio, Aug. 17Iél‘sinois State, Springfield, 111., Sept. Indiana State, Ind., Sept. 6-10. Iowa State, Des Moines, Iowa, Aug. 25-Sept. 3. New York State, Syracuse, N. Y., Sept. 13-18. Ohio State, Columbus, 0., Aug.,30~ Sept. 3. . Michigan State, Detroit, Mich., Sept. Indianapolis, Minnesota State, Hamline, Minn, Sept. 4-11. Wisconsin State, Milwaukee, Wis,- Sept. 13-17. MICHIGAN FAIRS. Alger Co., Munising, Sept. 15-17. Allegan County Agricultural Society, Allegan, Sept. 28 to Oct. 1. Arenac County Agricultural Society, Standish, Sept. 15-17. Armada Agricultural Society, Arma- da, Oct. 6-8. Calhoun County Fair, Marshall, Aug. 30 to Sept. 3. Caro Fair, Caro, Aug. 23-27. Charlevoix County Fair, East Jor- dan, Sept. 7--10. Cheboygan County Fair, Wolverine, Oct. 5-7. Chippewa County Agricultural Soci- ety, Sault Ste. Marie, Sept. 20-22. Clare County Agricultural Society, Harrison, Sept. 14-17. Clinton County Fair, St. Johns, Sept. 28 to Oct. 1. ~ Copper Country Fair, Houghton, Sept. 28 to Oct. 2. . Croswell Fair, Croswell, Sept. 22-25. Deckerville Fair, Deckerville, Sept. 7-10. Eaton County Fair, Charlotte, Sept. 28 to Oct. 1. ,. 14Ellrznmet County Fair, Petoskey, Sept. zggght River Valley Fair, Burt, Sept. Fowlerville Agricultural Fowlerville, Oct. 5-8. » Grand Traverse Region Fair Asso- ciation, Traverse City, Sept. 20-24. Grange Fair of St. Joseph County, Centreville, Sept. 28 to Oct. 1. Grangers, Cleaners and Farmers' Fair, Big Rapids, Sept. 28-30. Gratiot County Agricultural Society, Ithaca, Aug. 31 to Sept. 3. %reenville Fair, Greenville, Society, Sept. H'illsdale County Agricultural Soci- ety, Hillsdale, Sept. 27 to Oct. 2. Huron County Fair, Bad Axe, Aug. 31 to Sept. 3. Imlay City Fair, Imlay City, Sept. 28 to Oct. 1. 13Jlagckson County Fair, Jackson, Sept. Lenawee County Fair, Adrian, Sept. This at least 20 24 Livingston County Fair Association, Howell, Sept. 21-24. Luce County, Newberry, Sept. 23-25. Manistee County Agricultural Soci- ety, Onekama, Sept. 21-24. Marqquette County Fair, Marquette, Sept. 7-11. Menominee County Fair, nee. Sept. 28 to Oct. 1. Michigan State Fair, Detroit, Sept. North Branch Fair, North Branch, Sept. 22-24. Northern District Fair, Cadillac, Sept. 14-17. Oceana County Agricultural Society, Hart, Sept. 21-25. Ogemaw County Fair Association, West Branch, Sept. 5-7. 8(33sego County Fair, Gaylord, Sept, Menomi- Saunac County Agricultural Society, Sandusky, Sept. 28 to, Oct. 1. Schoolcraft County Agricultural So- ciety, Manistique, Sept. 28 to Oct. 1. Shiawassee County Fair, Owosso, Sept. 7-10. South Ottawa and West Allegan Fair, Holland, Sept. 14-17. Three Rivers Elks’ Fair, Three Riv- ers, Sept. 7-10. , , Tuscola, Huron & Sanilac District Fair, Cass City, Aug. 17-29. '- i-E' ': l.i Avian Burch County Agricultural and Horticultural Society, Hartford, Sept. 28 W0 (Belt! 1. es ichigan Fair, Grand i Sept. 21-24. R” ds’ HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK. Foreign. The European War.-—-The German- Austro forces are making slow gains in their campaign against aWrsaw. While Warsaw is expected to fall the Germans have considerable stiff work before them before thw object can be attained. The northern army has crossed' the Narew river and is ad- vancmg toward the Bug river. The other armies in the pincers—like forma- tion have made practically no gains during the week. After a period of inactivity the German submarines have resumed activities again, and on July 25 sunk four British trawlers and one British and one French steamship. In the western theater nothing of im- portance has developed, slight gains of no consequence having been made by both sides. . ' ‘- The British admiralty announces the appointment of an invention board: established to encourage scientific men to assist in planning war devices: to help in the present struggle.. Lord Fisher, former sea lord 'of the admir- alty, has been named chairman of the board. National. The excursion steamship Eastland, which’was chartered by the Western Electric Company for a special excur- smn to Michigan City, Ind., listed to- ward the river while at her dock in Chicago, broke from her moorings, and capsized Saturday morning, July 24. She was about to start out with her limit capacity of 2,500 people when the accident happened. About 1,000 of the excursionists escaped, making the total of drowned about 1,500. Having the boat lightly ballasted in order that she might clear the tops of the tunnels crossing the Chicago river and with most of the crowd congregated on the farther side of the boat is supposed to be the cause of the boat tipping. The heavy death toll makes this the most serious boat accident on record. . » President Wilson sent his final note of warning to Germany. The note was very firm and stated that repetition of the acts or the past in submarine war- fare which affect American citizens would be considered deliberately un- friendly. The note was uncomprimis- ing in tone and indicated that this country could not accept excuses or pleas that other belligerent nations were violating our rights. The note does not require an answer and prob- ably nothing of importance will result if Germany uses the precautions she has since the sinking of the Lusitania. Charles Becker, who was condemn- ed to die Wednesday, July 28, was giv- en a bare chance for life by the court issuing an order upon the district at. torney to have him show reason why a new trial should not be granted. The order is the result of new evi- dence being brought to light which implicates among several others, the late “Big Tim” Sullivan. A clairvoyant trust in Chicago has been disclosed by the police there in which several police officers are in- volved .on account of accepting money for givmg the clairvoyants police pro- tection. One of the chiefs of the ‘trust,” James Ryan, confessed to 'get- ting $10,000 a month from his dupes, who were mainly Chicago women. Ernest Empey, a wealthy rancher of Idaho, who was kidnapped by a lone bandit and held for a $6,000 ransom, escaped while his captor was asleep. The bandit was captured by the cow- boys shortly after. He was a man who had formerly worked for Empey on his ranch. The primary school apportionment. of this state amounts to $6,500,000 and the number of school children includ- ed in the apportionment is 820,137, the per capita for each child being $7.85. Wayne county gets the largest allowance, $1,250,858, while Oscoda gets the smallest, $4,450. The Panama Canal was used for battleships for the first time last Fri- day, when the naval academy prac- tice squadron consisting of the Mis- souri, Ohio and Wisconsin passed through. The union tallers of New York, city numbering 21,000 have gone on strike. It is expected that a settlement will be agreed upon some time early this week. Figures from the Department of Commerce show that the extent of sales of American agricultural imple- ments abroad has been greatly re- stricted by the war. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1915, the aggre- gate of sales dropped to $10,000,000 from a ten-year average of $29,000,000. Federal statistics show that the val- ue of exports and imports of farm pro- ducts, during the year closing June 30 aggregates $5,000,000.000. ‘ ' ' JULY-31,1015. ’ m ,a—i_.. . ation. JULY 31, 1915. THE M‘ICH'IGANVIFARME'R‘ “Cropping Versus Live Stock Farming GRICULTURISTS and political "economists, have, for ages, been wrestling with the seriousprob— lems incident to garnering from the soil the necessities for the sustenance of the increasing human population. The multitudes pay but little, if any, attention to such weighty matters; they eat, drink and passtheir time in a manner that suits their natural in- clinations, leaving the burdens of the plans for the good of the whole to a few. A generation ago it was calcu- lated that there was, on an average, one carefully thinking and planning man to a thousand, while the rest are but listeners and followers as they in- terpret the evidence adduced by the reasoners and voluntary teachers. The masses of mankind have won the declaration that they are but imita- tors, following the lead of the inves- tigators. ' The matter of the different kinds of farming has arrested the attention of the thinkers and experimenters. The conclusions reached by the advocates of certain lines or methods of farming have too often been reached by rules of reasoning that were in harmony with their natural constitution and sel- fish desires. Soil Fertility. In the primitive days the fertility of the soil was not given much cansider- The matter of plant or crop growth was looked upon as a “natural process," and the matter of exhaust- ing soil fertility did not seem to enter the minds of. the crop raisers. But after damaging the lands by the one- crop method until the returns did not repay the efforts bestowed, the delud- ed crop raisers migrated to places where they could again reap abundant crops from virgin soils. The thinking ones have endeavored to devise means by which they could stay, for a time at least, the process. of "soil exhaustion.” The plan of let- ting the land rest, such as was adop- ted by the ancient Jews, has been tried again and again with some good results. But in such cases there was no plant food added to the soil except the small amount of nitrogen taken from the air. After a year’s rest the process of cropping ' began again, which was necessarily followed by a farther shrinking in productiveness. If such, a course is pursued for a con- siderablefllength of‘ time, soil injury and its abandonment must neceSSarily follow. The history. of Ayrian races, those that plow, as the name signifies, proves the assertion. Green Manuring. Another class .-of. men who have seemed‘to get a glimpse of; the proc- esses by which soils are made, and fertility added, have tried to, stay, the process of"‘soil exhaustion” by plow- ing under" Crops to add to productive- ness of their cropping damaged fields. Some of the crops plowed under have benefited'but little while others have helped considerably, for several good reasons. If the crop used as green manure happened to be one of the le- gumes, the nitrogen gathering bacte- ria that could live on the sweet sub— stance that exdues from the roots, they would work faithfully in gather- ing the nitrogen from theair, and it would be left in the soil until by nat- ural processes would be wasted to a considerable extent, and what remain- ed would be available for subsequent crops. There are several things to be con- sidered in-regard to the “green manur- ing” method of rejuvenating ~-soils. With the exception of the nitrogen. there is no plant food added except what was already in the ground—the surface soil and subSoil. The fer- mentation and decay of the crop plow- ed under returns the vegetable mat- ter taken frOm the ’soil, and by that process of fermentation plant, foods already in the soil are released, and‘the increased yield of the subsequent crops deceives the tiller of the soil into thinking that the land had been enriched, when in fact, it had not; the supply previously in the soil was be- ing exhausted. The time was nearer at hand when the same processes would not yield increased returns. Another weakness of the green ma- nuring plan is the fact that the rich portions of the field have a larger amount of vegetable matter returned to them and the poorer places are poorly supplied. Nature does not work by straight lines and true circles in all things, neither does her hand even- ly distribute her most beneficial ben- edictions. Fertility is generously be- stowed in some places, and thinly dis- tributed in others. The fertile places are made more fertile, while the poor- er spots are made poorer, because the green crops which'are grown upon them are ’not sufficient to build up the vegetable matter in the soil, and sub- sequently make humus enough to make them satisfactorily productive. There is another class of land crop- pers who are very frequently misled. They are the ones that crop the land year after year until the diminishing crops discourage them and they begin to cast about for a remedy that will restore the land to its former condi- tion of fertility. Some nimble ton- gued Commercial fertilizer agent may tell them that his particular brand Of plant food mixtures will work wonders on wornout soils. The stuff is bought and applied. It works beneficially for a crop or two and then the soil balks and refuses to bring forth any more crops. The conclusion reached by the “poor farmer” is that he has been rob- bed and his soil has been destroyed by the commercial fertilizer. The fact may be that the humus in the soil has been exhausted and the commercial plant foods can not work Without it. Farm Stock Manure the Remedy. If live stock is kept on the farm, a regular course of rotation of crops followed with clover as one, and the manure from the animals saved with jealous care, and intelligently and properly applied, the evils mentioned in the various cases can, and will be, averted. The manure from farm ani- mals has been looked upon for ages past as the great fertility restorer and soil rejuvenator. We. have the evi- dence of “Holy Writ” in the case of the'barren fig tree when the man of Galilee advised that instead of cutting it ' down, said “dig about it and dung it.” > At the present time we claim-.to know as much, if not more, about the beneficial effects produced by the ap- plication of farm~ stock manures, than they did nineteen hundred years ago. Our experiences and observations have been vastly more extensive than that of. the Orientals in New Testament times; and yet there are~thousands of land croppers today who seem to have an inherent inclination which they do not control, to follow land cropping with but a little consideration of what the nearby results are sure to be. We have found that by a proper course of crop rotation, including clo- ver as one of the-crops in the course, keeping stock on the farm to consume the forage and the grain, and making an application of manure once during each course, that the fertility of the soil can be maintained, and often in- creased There are reasons why such results should be expected. The for- age being consumed by the stock and the manure returned to the soil, there is a good supply of decaying vegetable matter kept in the soil, and much of both the non-metallic and mineral plant foods taken from the soil by the crops is returned and is utilized again and again. Another reason for the benefits de- rived from. the use of live stock .ma- nure is the fact that some of theplant roots, or the roots of the crops raised leave in the soil substances which are poison to the same crop if it succeeds itself, and sometimes to other crops, is neutralized by the decaying proc- esses of the manure in the soil, and the soil becomes free from those sub- stances'detrimental to plant growth, and crop production goes on as be- fore. There is still another reason which is often overlooked, the urine of the animals contains the wastes of the body, which when mingled with the soil is plant food immediately avail- able for the growing crops. ' When the manure from the animals is returned and applied to the fields, one’s common sense guides them to apply the manure more freely to the poor spots thereby evening up the fer- tility in all parts of the field and that plan increases the possibilities of pro- duction. If one sees evidences of a lack of some of the essential plant foods, and considers it advisable to buy them in the form of commercial fertilizers, much better results will be obtained by applying them in connection with the live stock manures, than is possi- ble if applied without them. All of the clovers improve the phy- sical condition of the soil, and also add fertility in several ways. They are among the best forage crops rais- ed. By raising clovers on the farm and feeding to live stock, better ani- mals can be raised than without them, and if the manures, both solids and liquids, are saved and returned to the fields, there will be an abundance of decaying vegetable matter in the soil, the plant foods will be present in lib- eral quantities, and soil fertility can be cOnstantly maintained. Instead of the population being obliged to shift to secure more fertile fields, the lands can be held for generation after gen- eration, and each and every one will be able to bequeath to the successors lands which need only toabe tickled by the plow and crops planted in or- der that it may laugh with a golden harvest, and each generation can revel in wealth and luxury. Wayne Co. N. A. CLAPP. SILOS AND SILAGE. (Continued from first page). years, it has been found profitable to devote more land to crops and less to pasture, and very many dairymen now make a regular practice of limiting the amount of land devoted to pas— ture to an area which will furnish suf- ficient graSs for their cattle during the period of flush pasture, after which silage is used as a succulent summer feed until the fall rains again revive the grass. This advantage will not appeal to the average farmer as forci- bly in a year like the present as it would in a season when a severe mid- summer drouth brings him face to face with the problem of maintaining his live stock through the season of short pastures, but in the operation of nature’s law of compensation one ex- treme is likely to follow another, and no one can insure that next season’s rainfall may not be as scanty as this season’s has been plentiful up to the present time, hence the wisdom of be- ing prepared for such an emergency if live stock production is made a specialty on the farm. Types Developed. The development in silos during re- cent years has been fully as marked as has the development in the use of silage as a feed. Manufactured silos of many types are now available to suit the needs and tastes of every us- er, including stave silos of the more durable woods, glazed hollow tile silos of the so-called imperishable type, ce— ment stave silos and all metal silos of non-corrosive material. There are al- so available specially constructed steel superstructures which are plastered 3—83 inside and out with cement, machines for the making of hollow blocks for silo construction, forms of various kinds adapted to the building of mon- olithic concrete silos, etc., affording the widest opportunity for the selec- tion of a type of silo or material for same which may seem best adapted to the needs and resources of the pros- pective builder. Any and all of these are proving satisfactory in use when properly erected, the main feature in the serviceability of a silo being its ability to exclude the air, which in a large measure depends upon the char- acter of workmanship displayed in its erection. Location. The location of the silo should be carefully considered with a view to convenience and economy of labor in feeding silage. The time and manner of filling is also important. If condi- tions permit, it is better to let the corn crop reach nearly, if not quite, the stage of maturity which is desir- able for curing it in the shocks, since at this stage of development it con- tains the maximum amount of nutri- ents and will afford the greatest amount of feed. Likewise, it will make a more palatable and wholesome feed than if cut too green, since very green corn produces acid silage which is a less palatable and wholesome feed for live stock. Proper filling is just as important, since if the silage is poorly or uneven- ly packed, it will keep indifferently, and moldy or spoiled silage is an un— wholesome feed for any stock and may be even dangerous, particularly as a feed for horses. Ordinary care will, however, obviate the difficulty from this source, and ordinary judg- ment in compounding a feeding ration in which silage is made a prominent. factor will convince even the most skeptical of its peculiar value as a winter feed. In view of the peculiar seasonal con- ditions which exist this year, the in- crease in the number of silos erected upon Michigan farms should be far greater than it has been even during years of the recent past which have seen such a remarkable development along this line. Oakland Co. A. R. F. LILLIE FARMSTEAD NOTES. I am more than obliged to- Mr. W. C. Wilcox for his report on results in harrowing his alfalfa with a spring- tooth harrow. It is fortunate that he stopped harrowing so he could tell just the effect. This result makes a. man cautious about advising in a gen- eral way. A given practice does not always work out the same under dif- ferent conditions. Mr. Angevine ad- vised me to disk my alfalfa, to have the disk good and sharp, and to set it to dig, put on my best team and best man and then to go away until the job was done. But I did not have the courage to do this. I had two narrow strips disked thoroughly and you can see these strips today in the field, not because the alfalfa is more vigorous there but because there is scarcely any alfalfa at all. I ruined the alfalfa by disking, but where I harrowed with a spring-tooth harrow it seemed to benefit the alfalfa, at least it did not seem to injure it and it did kill lots of the June grass that was working into the field. Now Mr. Wilcox says harrowing injured his alfalfa. This proves that a man should be careful what he advises. He had better say I did so and so and got such and such results. Then the other party should apply it to his own conditions as cir- cumstances will permit. I am inclined to think now that Mr. Joseph Wing is right when he says that if we will give the alfalfa all the phosphorus it needs it will fight its own battle with June grass and weeds and come out victorious. This is cheaper than harrowing or disking. COLON C. LILLIE. Free Offer VERY CAR OWNER will appreciate this fine rub- berized, waterproof Tube Bag. Send us your dealer's name and address and the make of tires you use and we will send one free. It will keep your Inner Tubes in prime condition firestone TIRES and TUBES give you most miles per dollar because we give them most quality at the lac. ory. elowprieesnredne to great volume production bfiathe world’s ape- cialists m America's rgest Tire Plant. Any dealer will supply you. Don’t forget to write for Tube Bag. Get book. No.25, on. the"Care and Re- pair of Tires." Address flrestoneTire & Rubber Co.. Akron. 0 “America's Largest Exclusflil Tire and Rim Makers" lunches and Dealers Everywhere BETTER. SELCQ 12XZ4 ONE. PIECE Suva l [019 . The me eombinnlion ol Er"- :cuncv. Sum», Convzmmc: end «Plucl. All Hoop Idluflln‘ oqnl "on Doo_n “(5's . ‘ ‘ WRITE NEDA? ©©RN UWPEA $113M» ©©MFANY ENEWAPOEJIS. Hy-Rili Concrete Silos Are low in cost. easily built,andgivesatisfaction everywhere. Built with out forms with only the usual ecu olding and or. dinary farmlabor. Walls not injured by silage juiooe. Water-proof, fire- proof, storm-proof, rat- proof. Nothin to rot or wear out. Nee no paint- in or repairs. For farm [bu ldings of every kind, nee Hy-Rib construction. ' Hy-Rib combines within itselfreintoroemont. forms. lath and studs. Silo Catalog Free Containing useful] infor- TRUSSED CONCRETE STEEL CO. 688 Truued'Conci-ete Building. Detroit, Mich. Ehavethe stock and can make ‘ immediate shipment. enabling ,. you to preserve 100 per cent of ‘ your corn crop in the I. , w; IA ‘ ‘INgILON Easyto erect. No special tools or skilled lll labor needed. Every stave meted. ' .‘You pay for the Indiana Silo out 0! what it Ines onleed bill. Am: new . :VVrite, Phone or Wire W 1 lmmnl Fm holed. m‘:‘l§¥lfi.°°irfi quart-n. Write OZ‘ENTJI'I 1‘. St. Louis. ligation Ilcligu Far-tr um writing in unionism THE MICHIGA'N‘ FA‘R'M’E'R Occasionally one hears the expres- sion, “1 am not in business for my health.” It is used by public speakers and lecturers sometimes at farmers’ meetings. The intended meaning is that he is doing business, farming, dairying, stock raising, gardening, or whatever the kind, for no other pur- pose except business—commercialism. Whoever makes that statement is a poor leader; not a safe man to tie to. He may get business as the result of his labor, but he gets nothing else. He may have success in a. financial way, but the whole bent and energy is upon that kind of success—a piece of work for the dollar only. The cow is kept merely for the dollar. The wheat is raised solely for the dollar. Can we look on the wheat, or the corn, or the meadow, or the herd of cows, or the flock of chickens and see nothing in them but the dollar? If you can se’e nothing more, then, do you ask, why the hired man is continually listening for the dinner bell? Can you expect him to take deeper interest in his la- bor than the dollar it brings? I am not saying that he does not, but, if he does, he is living on a higher plane of thought than the man who says I am not in business for my health—purely for business. I am not preaching about securing health from your business. That is a. separate matter entirely, but it is a figurative way of putting the idea that you do not intend to do anything ex cept for the dollar it brings. The fact is, the person who works on that theory will soon have neither health nor dollars, for his dollars will have to go to build up his health. Business done purely for business soon becomes monotonous, stupid, irk- some, and the man himself grows into habits of fretfulness, 'irritableness, faultfinding, unreasonableness; and CLIPPING THE STUBBLE FIELDS. We are well pleased with the excel- lent crop of clean hay, both clover and timothy, we have just gathered. While in hay making, the time of cut- ting and manner of curing are very important points to consider, yet, if there are many weeds in the crop, it will not be of the best quality as a feed. We have observed that some of our neighbors failed to take the prop- er precaution in this respect, having failed or neglected to run the mowing machine over their stubble fields last year after harvest, and the result was that they obtained weedy hay. The most frequent weed growing in the wheat stubble in this section is rag- weed. This weed when gathered with the hay, gives off a biting dust. It is very light and adhesive to the mucous membranes and throat, and even the lungs of stock, when taken through the nostrils. When there is much rag- weed in the hay, it is totally unfit to be fed to horses. Quite frequently other weeds are found in the hay, such as daisies, plan— tain, mullein and burdock. This waste material occupies storage room, and takes time to handle without return- ing any profit. It is the natural result in most cases, of shiftless farming. After the harvest we mow the stub- ble fields intended for hay next year. The best time for this is usually about the latter part of August, or just be- fore the weeds ripen their seed. We remove the swath board of the mower, and run the cutter-bar slightly higher than when cutting grass. The growth of weeds and young clover and tim- othy is cut off and allowed to lie on the ground, serving as a mulch for the young grass, unless the growth is very heavy In such a case it is best to rake it off, as it would otherwise be raked up with the hay next year. Our first hay crop is always as clean, and quite often better than succeeding r0368. In Business for Health his business, instead of growing as he would have it, overpowers him, for the reason that he does not build himself with his business, therefore the busi- ness gets ahead of him, and he is in- capable of caring for it. Let there be a thrill, an inspiration, a real enjoyment in the business; let there be such a fascination in the la- bor of caring for the crops that the day’s passing is all too rapid, and the evening finds the laborer in as strong vim and vigor as the morning; let there be such a charm‘ in viewing those cows, or those pigs, or those sheep, or other stock that the dollar mark entirely disappears from view, and. there remains nothing but the pleasure of having builded and wrought, the financial gains will take care of themselves, and the man him- self will not deteriorate or grow feeble. The boys and girls of the farm will then remain at home instead of seeking labor elsewhere. It may be possible that a person really means it when he says, “I am not in business for my health.” But if he does, and he loves his work as he ought to love it, and as his accom- plishments show that he loves it, his statement is not what he believes, and he misrepresents his work and his life. Work for the satisfaction of the work; tend the corn for the satisfac- tion of the tending; feed the cows for the satisfaction of the feeding, and the enjoyment and pleasure on the farm will be more than can be taken care of. The crops will grow in spite of wind, or drought, or frost, and the city's lure for maid and youth will be clipped in the wing. In business for my health? Yes; for my health is dependent on the atti- tude I hold towards my business. Ionia Co. RAY SESSIONS. lllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllUllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllflllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllliiilillllllllllllilllllllllIlllllllllllllllll We have observed that the mowing has opposite effects upon the grass and weeds. The tendency seems to be to induce a. more compact and thicker growth of grass, while the weeds are destroyed. This mowing is not so necessary if the fields are to be used for pasture, as the stock is likely to graze too close, especially in a dry season. This will leave the young plants unprotected during the winter, and much of the young clover will be heaved out. In combating weeds in pasture fields, it has been our prac- tice to go over them once or twice in a season with a. hand hoe and scythe, or both. There is no let~up in weed fighting, as “the weeds, like the poor, we always have with us.” Indiana. A. B. FARM NOTES. Seeding Alfalfa. Kindly advise as to the best time and method of sowing alfalfa on our soil here—a sandy loam. Montcalm Co. A. J. L. While there is perhaps no best time to seed alfalfa on any soil where it has not been previously grown, the writer is fully satisfied that there is no better time than the present, pro- vided proper preparation can be giv- en the soil, since this great forage crop is too valuable an addition to the products of any farm to delay starting it longer than is necessary. Alfalfa can be successfully sown without a nurse crop in midsummer any time up to August 1, when proper soil conditions are provided. ' This means a well prepared seed bed and soil which is reasonably well supplied with humus and contains a reasonable amount of available fertility. If there has been any difficulty in getting seed- ing of clover on this land, lime should be applied before any attempt is made to sow alfalfa. If the lime is applied a. year or so previous to sowing, a good= application of, say twdtgns 'per 'ed to clover hay? JULY 31, 1915. acre of ground limestone will be sat- isfactory. . If, however, the seed is to be sown soon after the liming is done, the ad- dition of 500 pounds of hydrated limo will be profitable, as it will act much more quickly than the ground lime- stone, and be a material aid in getting a good crop of alfalfa the succeeding year. Given the conditions above suggest- ed and inoculating the soil or seed with the bacteria peculiar to the plant, we have never failed to get a success- ful seeding of alfalfa on similar land. Under favorable conditions it can be sown in standing corn at the last cul- tivation, or in fact in any way which will give good results with clover. Sowing Sweet Clover. Do you‘ think it is too late to sow sweet clover? Mecosta Co. R. B. Sweet clover should become suffi- ciently well established to withstand the winter if sown not later than Aug- ust 1, which seems to be about the lat- est date on which uniformly success- ful results are secured in sowing any of the clovers in this uatitude. In fav‘ orable seasons later seeding might be entirely successful, but results would not be as dependable. CEMENT FLOOR FOR GRANARY. Is a cement floor alright to put in a. granary, or will it be too damp? I am going to make a fill of 15 inches with small stone and no dirt and put the cement on the stone. Tuscola Co. M. J. K. The way you intend to construct it, the cement floor will be all right. If, however, it was laid on the ground and the earth was inclined to hold moisture like clay, the cement floor would be apt to be damp and would mould the wheat, but with your fill of cobblestones, all capilarity with the earth will be broken and there will be no danger. If one wishes a cement floor and there is no necessity for a fill like this, it is advisable to lay a thin coat of cement and then a layer of sand, say two inches and then put the ce- ment floor on this. This would pre- vent moisture from coming up from below and make the floor safe for the storage of grain. COLON C. LILLIE. COWPEA ~HAY FOR HORSES. Can cowpea hay be successfully fed to horses? What is its value compar- At what stage of development should the blossoms or pods be at cutting time? Also what is the value of rye and vetch hay com< pared to clover? Van Buren Co. SUBSCRIBER. Cowpeas are a leguminous plant. rich in protein, and make a. hay an- alyzing about like clover or alfalfa. After stock get once accustomed to this hay they seem to relish it as well as any hay. It is good feed for horses, 3 much better ration for work horses than timothy hay. Hay made from any legume is not as good for a driving horse. In the first place it is apt to be a. little loosening, and again it is somewhat bulky for a driver. Driving horses will eat too much it they have free access to it. But for the average farm horse there is no better food. A very little corn to bal- ance the food constituents makes a model ration and as cheap 8. one as can be found. It should be cut when the pads are nicely formed, and before the peas will harden when curing. Vetch is also a plant rich in protein, and makes a good hay if out at the proper time and properly cured. In food value it differs very little from the other legumes. COLON 0. Lame. “Try-a-bag" of fertilizer. Our brands are soluble and active, and not only increase yield, but improve quality and hasten maturity. Agents wanted. Address American Agricultural Chem~ ical C0,, Cleveland, Cincinnati, Detroit or Baltimore—Ad". - M) , ”-1,“ lllllllllflllllllllllfllflillillflg JULY 31,1915. umnuuummummmmuwmmmnmmmum llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi O Da1ry. gtIlllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllll|lllllllIIIIIlIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIE CONDUCTED BY COLON c; LILLIE. LILLIE FARMSTEAD DAIRY NOTES. I am very much interestedin Mr. Edward Hutchins’ article entitled, “The Basis of Milk Values.” As Mr. Hutchins well says, it will be a splen- did thing if we only. had a simple and convenient test for the casin in milk as well as the butter-fat. So it would be if we had a test for‘any other of the milk solids. But we haven’t, and we must be thankful that we have this simple, convenient and inexpensive test for fat. The dairy world owes a great deal to Dr. Babcock. An ordi- nary man would have had his discov- ery patented. It would have made Dr. Babcock a fortune. But he chose to give his invention to mankind, for the benefit of the farmer. However, we are not so bad off without a test for casein or other milk solids, as Mr. Hutchins seems to think. In fact, we can get along very well with what we have. It is true that fat is the chief factor in butter only, but it is also true that casein and other milk solids quite uniformly exist in a. direct proportion with the fat in milk. That is, milk rich in fat is also rich in casein, and milk low in fat is also low in casein. So that the fat content is a correct gauge of the value of milk as a food. People used to think that while three per cent milk would not make as much butter as five per cent, yet it would make as much or more cheese. But this is not so; 100 pounds of five per cent milk will make more cheese than 100 pounds of three per cent milk. In fact, practically as much more cheese as the fat in one milk exceeds the fat in the others. This has been proven by taking 100 pounds of milk contain- ing different amounts of fat and mak- ing it into separate cheese and the cheese produced varied in size' in al- mdst direct proportion to the fat in the original milk. Practically the only difference be- tween three and five per cent milk is that the three per cent milk contains more water than the five per cent milk. Take the five per cent milk, add water until it tests only three per cent butter-fat and then you have milk of the same quality. A cow that gives milk rich in but- ter-fat gives milk also rich in other milk solids In other words, the rich milk is in a sort of condensed form. Therefore, milk rich in butter-fat is of greater food value than milk poor in fat. It is worth more for any food purpose, butter, cheese, market milk or for condensing purposes. This be- ing true we can get along well with the Babcock test. It tells us all about milk as a food, and gives us its true value. DAIRY SUGGESTIONS. We like to have heifers drop their first calves when about two years old. Of course, they may make larger cows if not bred so. young, but we do not consider this a serious objection. If an animal is wanted for beef, size would be considered, but for milk we do not need a “big” cow. Size alone does not govern production of milk, either in quantity or quality, and we have to consider the cost of feeding the extra weight. It is what we get from the cow daily, not what we get for her when we get done milking her, that makes the profit. We believe that a small or medium size cow with the right kind of producing machinery is capable of producing just as much profit out of a given amount of feed, as a big cow. We are coming, more and more to 'TH‘E’VMICHIGAN ‘FARMER the beliefrthatithetcalf should» not be allowed to suck, summer or winter, and never with a heifer with her first and second calves. We place the calf where the cow can see and mother it, and do the milking by hand.” A calf that has never been allowed to suck will learn to drink milk out of a pail much easier and quicker than one that has been allowed to suck for a few days, as is the common practice. It seems that the cow in someway asso- ciates milk-drawing with heirship, and ‘if the calf, does not suck, heriaffec- tions seem to go to the milker, which is to his advantage, as there is then no holding up of the milk. Another point of which we are get- ting more and more convinced as our experience in dairying increases is, that eight weeks’ rest before calving is a very beneficial thing for nine cows out of ten. We have just had to send one of our best cows to the shambles because she was practically “worn out” on account of being such a per- sistent milker. It was simply impos- sible to get her dry when on pasture, and she kept on giving nearly two gal- lons of milk every day until she drop- ped her calf. One year we were de- termined to dry her off, and shut her up in the stable, giving her but little feed. She became so weak and kept on secreting milk that we were oblig- ed to begin milking her again and turn her on pasture. When she drop- ped her calf, it was so weak that it. could not stand for two days. We then bred her so as to freshen in April, and found that it was not so difficult to dry her in February and March, while she was being fed dry feed. But the heavy strain she sustained be- cause she so often did not get her pe- riod of rest, shortened her life of use- fulness as a milker. We have raised several heifers from this cow, and one of them already has shown the same persistence to milk as did her mother, which would indicate that such char- acteristics are transmitted through the dam. Indiana. D. LEATHERMAN. MILKING THREE TIMES A DAY. We notice that Mr. Lillie thinks that the practice of milking three times a day is impracticable, and that leads us to wonder how much value these yearly tests are that are con- that I haven’t seen: referred to in any - other agricultural paper. Wayne Co. C. ,S. This would require a careful experi- ment, containing so much detail that I am not prepared to make it. It is a. subject for an experiment station. I’ have satisfied myself, however, that the practice is impracticable. It will not pay the average dairyman to do it, and while the breeder can make larger records, they are not reliable. POTATOES IN RATION FOR‘COWS. Please advise me as to the value, Of raw potatoes as a feed for cows as part of‘their ration for the production of milk. A. . I think potatoes are fully as valu- able as a succulent food in a ration for dairy cows as any of the roots, like mangels, turnips, etc. In food valueas shown by their chemical an- alysis, they are fully equal to any of them, being much richer in starch, equal in protein and also nearly equal in fat. This being the case, it is largely a question of palatability and digestibility. Cows may not at first like potatoes as well as they do beets, but it is largely because they have not been educated to eat them. I like raw potatoes as well as turnips or bagas, and much better than beets, and all kinds Of live stock will soon learn to like raw potatoes. When po- tatoes are very cheap, as they were in some localities this spring, it will pay to feed them to cows, but usually they are worth too much for human food to be used as live stock food. Beets or carrots, etc., are not usually figured as being worth more than four to five dollars per ton for stock food, accord- ing to this, potatoes must be as cheap as 15 cents to pay to feed them. J. FARM CHEESE. - How, can I make and cure farm cheese such as we buy at the grocery? Eatori Co. B. N. By “farm cheese’ I take it is meant what is commonly known as “cottage cheese.” This product is made from skim-milk. The milk is allowed to sour and is then heated slowly to a temperature of 80 degrees. The curd or casein will then separate from the whey, or, in common parlance, the milk “wheys off.” The whey is re- s- , 5—85 “DOG DAYS"M’V.’ the best time to buy a ' fig « LAVAL SEPARATOR THERE was never before as good a time to buy a De Laval Cream Sep— arator as right now. The “Dog Days" are at hand when dairying is most difiicult without a sep— arator and when the increase in:quantity and improvement in quality (if—cream and butter are greatest through the use of a good separator. Then there is the great saving of time and labor, which counts for more in sum— mer than at any other season and often alone saves the cost of the separator. aside from all its other advantages. This is likewise the season when De Laval superiority counts for most over other separators,—in closer skimming, larger capacity, easier running, easier handling, easier cleaning and abso- lute sanitariness. A De Laval Cream Separator b o u g h t now will easily save its cost before the end of the. year, and it may be bought for cash or on such lib- eral terms as to actu- ally pay for itself. Separator Co. 29 E. MADISON S'r. ('l'llCAGO 165 Baonnwnv NEW YORK A SOLID PROPOSITION to send ‘ fully guaranteed,a new, well made. easy running. perfect skimming separator for $15.95. Skims warm or cold milk, making heavy or light cream. The bowl is a sanitary marvel; easily cleaned. ABSOLUTELY 0N APPROVAL Different from this picture. which illus- trates ourlarge capacity machines. West- Young Friendships of this sort will Tend Toward Better Dalrymen and. Better Dairy Cows. ducted on the basis of three and four times milking daily, and how much guide that is to a farmer as to the value of a cow. It would be intresting if someone could_work out the comparative value of tw1ce a day milk as against three times and four times a day, so that the comparative performance of cows could be more readily ascertained. I think that you have struck on to a subject that is well warth consider- able'diseussion, audit is something moved with a skimmer, or porous dip- per, and placed in a cheesecloth sack and the whey allowed to drain off as much as desired. Then the cheese is salted to suit the taste and worked with the hands into balls or placed in any kind of packages. It improves the quality of the cheese to mix some cream in with it befOre it is moulded into the desired shape. l em orders filled from Western points. Whether your dairy is large or small write fer our handsome free catalog“? Address: 2 AMERICAN SEPARATOR COMPANY . Box 406I Bainbridge, N. Y. ‘ l lil'“ . llnfi l I l OOCI'DYQ ‘ ‘ ' No more dipping or 1 '6” . - ,-' .v ‘9. ' spraying. Keep your ;5 ‘etii‘w. %herd healthy and free from " § ‘4 v ermin and parasites with a. National Automatic H O G O I L E R Works like magic. Strongdurablo and simple. Can’t get. out of order. The price is right. We will supply " you through your dealerifposslble. Wr|te ' __ us for Our Special Intro- ‘4 ductory Free Trial Offer. ‘ National factories. Inc. Best. s,IlIchmond,Ind. $2 Down ”‘41 One r to Payl'iw-l I. a! Buy: the New Butter— Irv—"5.: 1‘\ fly Jr. No. _2. Lightrunning, rs is easy cleaning, close skim— W“ 5' _ mmg,durable. guaranteed 5 a lifetime. Skims 95 quarts l Per hour. ado also in four A urge: Sizes up m5 1-2 shown here. ' ' Earns its own co I: ' - I 30 Days Free Trial and mm s W saves m cream._ outal ' filogkfolder and “direct-fromiacbory Dy tom the manufacturer and save hall. or. ALBAUGH-DOVER co. (12» ‘ . 2195 Marshall Blvd. CHICAGO THE NEVER SLIP LADDER - Automatic Clutch (Patented) Attaches anywhere on silo. Holds onl ike a bulldog. Greater the weight,tighterit holds. Cannot sway nor bend. De— tachable seat. A perfectsiloladder. Clutches may be attached to any ladder. Write us today. OODS BROS. SI LO 6:. M FG. CO.,Llncoln. Nob. The Grand Rapids VETERINARY COLLEGE Offers a three year: course in Veterinary Science. Complying with all‘the requirements of the U. 9. Bureau of Animal Industry. Established 1897. Incorporated under State law. Governed by Board of Trustees. Write for Free Catalog. 152 Louis St.. Grand Rapids, Michigan. NOTICE! Write tothe Hum-no Btunchion Worksfor literature or the latent improved stanchion. HUMANE STANCHION WORKS, Baraboo. Wis; @tA/Vmer/Vab/Ig clear mere --the (anion nous motor press that is mnki product 310, $15. $20 a day for shrewd everywhere. Makes it own power (4, 6. or 8 H P) from sim ple gas engine on some truck. Both Press and Engine made in our own factory. You can Break All Baling Records I in your neighborhood with the fast working Sand- WIch Motor Press. Sure certain operation—solid salable bales. Friction clutch right on press Heavy“ can tslip" steel chain belt. Simple aelf feeder and block dropper. En ine with Magneto We make Horse and Belt owe: Presses too. Get Our Book ‘0‘! no O’Toll' —packcd from cover to cover wit} "-al 115le hnv halinu facts. Show in actual “guns the but uohb vou can make with o Sandwilh Prone. A postal brings a may I FREE. W rim NO W! Addrou SANDWICH IFS. $0., 5 1401K 87.. SMIDchllJLL. Son 5“ “bone" Bluffs. In. Box 5". Klfllll Clly. Mo. l Cm Sun or Stop Instantly 259 to 31-6 Tons per hour : 5 to 14 More Bill. of Wheat Per Acre [I l fails to' Increase thocmp 5 to 14- BII. per Acre. If some of‘youm gentlemen who grow bastion that assertion just drop me a line nnd '1! over- whelm you with fuck-actual crop records made by actual farmers: men who once " cleaning and crnding Seed nYou' vo nt rye, votch timothy, Ilfllfn or some 0M 3 that need cleoning. too. The ""Cbotham in just the thing for those jobs. Next wint-r. the Chatham can mdonnd clenn all your Irwin: kuad— barlegmo com 03.1.- clover, and all kin a of traces. .' at now my price- on and I give you I rec trtal. No monay asked til you are eat- ing . dflailglgoweiéaglqn. and poo ore ln‘ facts ond records of on! when: cropl; free book which tells how to c n. [rode Ind upon:- nny grain or "“ arm nah-cod ' Hanson Compile! Co. Detroit, iii“. Koo”! Olly. Chatham Grain Grader and Cleaner E “One Dollar’s Worth of Fertility Added 16 bu. of com, 23 bu. oi oats and one ton ofh ay per acre to my crop yields; and the continued use of Rock Phosphate a'[J l at a cost of $1. 00 per acre per year has en- abled me to produce 5 T. balialla, 20 T. sil‘ age, 115 bu. com, 88%}: us. of oats, and 52 bu. of wheat per acre." "The improved Soil Food Book”, a beauti- fully illustrated book of 116 page: gives a full description of the method by which this WW remarkable result was secured, and we will send it FREE to the first 100 farmers who write us and mention this paper. FEDERAL CHEMICAL CO. Ground Rock Department ”dark 8!. COLUMBIA, TENNV‘A} One man driven hothtractor tractornnd imp lement. Works on any soil all the gear round. 4 Cylinder Motor. Hardened Gears. yatt Roller Bearings. C U LTIVA'I'ES CORN Mott-arm Non hohornn Dushceforevryfnrm operation. Unon yourproliaontimploments. Hundreds Inulo nun III. M 00.. 135 mu. Joli", Ill. CELERY our New and Scientific Bleacher. Onoo oration— outs labor cost. Moot economical and shop 0 Bleach- er ever produced. 80nd! oraomplo. TIE cmcuco. lflludIaSL, MYork. THE MICHIGAN Orchard Inspection HE time for orchard inspection is near at hand. In districts where fruit is of any importance at all the three township inspectors Will start on their campaign of marking trees, serving notices and making en- emies. They will have all kinds of ar- guments with the fruit growers as to whether a certain tree has the yel- lows, whether the method of cutting blight is worth anything as a curative or preventative method, or on any number of other things which the grower thinks he knows more about than the inspector or the fruit author- ities. InSpector's Job Not Eeasy. The inepector’s job is not an easy one. For a small salary be either makes enemies of his neighbors or neglects doing his work of carrying out the requirements of the law in orch to keep friendly with the people be comes in daily contact with. If he is an efficient inspector it depends up- on which hc values the most. the neighborhood’s good will or the con- scientious carrying out of the law, as to whether he makes a good inspector or not. Of course, there are many in- spectors who are not efficient and therefore the fruit grower is just in such cases in doubting their judgment. But should this be the case, and in any case where the grower conscien‘ tiously- doubts the decision of the in- spector, the other two township in- spectors can be called and then if their decision is not satisfactory the State Inspector of Orchards and Nur- series, or one of his deputies, can be called upon to give final judgment. The law is not all it should be. It does not offer enough salary to at- tract efficient men and it also re- quires that the inspectors be freehold- ers in the township. The capable free- holders are usually fruit growers who cannot spare the time to do the work and therefore the board often selects men who have plenty of time and lit- tle ability. It is not intimated that all inspectors are inefficient. The fact is that a great many of them are very efficient and it is surprising that they can or will give their time for the small reward they get. Stand Back of the Law. Regardless of the fact that the law is not all it should be, it can be made quite efficient by public sentiment. Whether a law is a. good one or a poor one it is an efficient one according to the amount of public backing it has. It is to the interest of all fruit grow- ers to be back of this law. If the in- spectors are poor, impress upon the township the necessity of appointing good ones, and when the inspectors are good stand back of them and en- courage them. In fact, poor inspectors might even become very efficient if they were given some encouragement and backing. In townships where there are no in- spectors but where there ought to be, the farmers, whether they are fruit growers or not, should urge the board to appoint some. The large number of neglected orchards in farming dis- tricts indicate the necessity of some inspectors’ work. From the advertis- ing standpoint alone it would pay the township because there is no more no- ticeable blotch on a community or a. farm than neglected orchards or a. more prominent sign of aggressive- ness and prosperity than well—kept or- chards. SHALL MICHIGAN CONTINUE TO GROW APPLES? This is a question that is puzzling not a few farmers, or, semi-orchard- ists in Michigan at the present time. They are watching with‘ alarming in— terest the advancing hosts of the San Jose scale and allied insect pests, to- gether with the various fungus diseas- es that appear to be‘amalgamated .m- .FAKMER to one huge organizatidn, to throttle the weak, discourage the indifferent, move to greater effort the hopeful and fire the enthusiasm of those who can] see in the future, the dawn of a new era in their business forecasts, and the larger success of the “survival of the fittest” in the warfare against the oncoming agents of orchard destruc- tion. Michigan Can Out‘do Other Sections. It may be a little optimistic to say that there is no reason why Michigan cannot march forward in the lines of. progress to a stage of action whereby she can surpass the great reputation of the Hood River valley, in the pro- duction of, not only apples, but of all other fruits that our people already know so well how to produce. We have the climate, the soil, the trans- portation facilities and the most we do appear to lack, is the care in spraying, proper asserting and pack- ing. However, it is much easier, perhaps, for a small valley to become famous, than for a whole state like Michigan. But it certainly is within the range of possibility for the growers of Michi- gan to reach a much higher scale in their catalogue of opportunities, than exists in the present condition of things. The Michigan Horticultural Society has, in years gone by, as well as the present, done a splendid educational work, by its widely distributed meet- ings and reports. Years ago it used to be one of my greatest pleasures to read in their reports of the achieve- ments of such men as T. T. Lyon, C. W. Garfield, C. G. McClatchie and S. B. Peck. It is now a source of delight to me, when opportunity affords, to at- tend the sessions of the society and mingle with the horticultural brother- hood. The Source of Horticultural Informa- tion. The M. A. C. with its bulletins, in- stitutes, etc, is doing a grand'work in this direction, among the more en- thusiastic class—those who will get out and avail themselves of the privi‘ leges here offered, but the great bulk of the producing people, the larger portion of which these agencies fail to reach, depend more largely, I find in my more or less extensive travels through the state, upon the Michigan Farmer, for their instruction and sug- gestions. Conservation of the present fertility of the soil, together with added fer- tility at every turn, the elimination of the dependence upon buyers coming to your orchards to buy your crop or let it rot on the ground, grade and pack your apples in smaller packages and do it yourself, including shipping if need be, inaugurate a systematic warfare and inject a little more enthu- siasm in your work against insect and fungus enemies, and victory is yours. Isabella Co. H. O. KELLY. SUMMER MEETING OF FRUITMEN. The Midsummer Meeting of the Michigan State Horticultural Society will be held Thursday, August 12, in conjunction with the South Haven and Casco Pomological Society, and the Gauges and Saugatuck Horticultural Society, at the farm of Mr. Amos Tucker, three miles West of Bravo on the Pere Marquette Railway. Mr. Tucker’s farm is in the heart of the Michigan Original Fruit Belt, about midway between Fennville and South Haven. Mr. Tucker is one of the most advanced fruit growers in the state and his farm is an ideal place for this meeting. Automobiles will meet the trains at Bravo and convey members and their friends to th emeeting. An auto trip will be made in the morning, followed by a big picnic dinner at Mr. Tucker’s and an informal meeting in the after- noon. Come and bring the ladies and fam- ilies and enjoy a day’s outing with your brother fruit growers. For further information, address Robt. A. Smythe, Secretary, Benton Harbor, Mich. . Akron, Ohio JULY 31, 1915. ‘ l ‘ ' ’ Steam Engmes ‘The Reliable Dependable Power Also Heater and F eed Cooker Every Farmer Has Use For One We have taken in trade for New Port Huron Machinery, second- hand ENGINES of EVERY STANDARD HIKE from 1') to 30 H. P.. which have been THOROUGBLY REDUILT. and which you can buy at, a. tow PRICE. and find many uses for about the farm. nen'rly any day of the year. They will furnish power for any work that can be done with a gasoline on- zine; have a. w ider range of speed adjustment; can be used for hauling; will fire with any kind of fuel; do not balk when overloaded— and can be iIsed l or heating and cooking feed for your stock. which can ’t be done with a. gas engine. Send f( 1' latest Rebuilt Engine List—con- taining a bargain at any price you want to pay PORT HURON ENGINE & THRESllER (10- . Pol'l' HURON, lllCll. Send at once and get first choice. Cut Your Corn-n the quickest. easiest and cheapest way by using tho Akron Bulky Corn Cutter. Cuts one or two rows at a time: extremely simple and easy to operate: ligbert daft. one horse can draw it; uses either one or two men Impossible for men or horses to come into contact with the knives of the AKRON SULKY CORN CUTTER Adjustable for either high or low cut: uses no twine: inexpensive to buy and operate: eight your“ 0 successful use. A big saver of time and money. Write for full information and name of nearest Dealer. THE AKRON CULTIVATOR CO., “Makers of the famousK'r-aus Pivot— AxleCultivators” Dept. 20 ‘1‘ ill-:/ i * Sldo Wheel Lugs and Wheel Bands Furnls lshod FREE Six Foot Digger with Agit:ti§ RoarRock, with I orwithout VIne Separator; or xtension Elevator whichg: elem I'm: separating qurfacc. Dee th of digging regulated by conven- ient lower. rite for cat 31.03 ASPINWALI. “F6. (:0. 439 Sabin Street Jackson. Mich. W: W Id lot“ lien d filth “My Celery Blanching Paper Heavy gray stock resembling paste board. The best for blanching. In rolls 36 Im hes wide, 500 sq. ft. ,weigh 40 lbs. , $1 per roll. Send {or free samples and quantity prices. Sylvester 8. Garrett, 259 8. 3rd St, Phila., Pa. PER Germination highm Government tested? Absolutely guar- anteed Northern grown extremely hardy. Have Thu-- kestan Alfalfa; Sweet Clover; Timothy; grass seed of all kinds Ask for our latest (SO-page book on growing Alfalfa, 92-page catalog and . All cont Free. today. We can save you money. Write A. A. BIIIV SEED 00.. .0843] CLARINDA. IOWA send ample and full particu- L E Writeto office nearest you. lnr AKE SHORE STONE COMP Muskozon. Mich“ and Benton Harbor. lion —You should get the highest node limestone manufactured. Buy it! upon the but. of eanalytic. We manufacture the ehi ogfijeim pul- P l lzod lime rock for “sour" soil lawn»: for Low moms DlKEGTT T0 Y0 OU andP we will Let u. prove it. VAsk for lunplo eand uinly sis. CAMPIELL $70"! 00.. Indian Rlvor. Mloh. whiten-m... mummmmg YOUNG- RANDOLPH SEED 00., Owoaio, Mich. Sweet Clover Seed "W" or sell. YOUNG-RANDOLPH SEED 00.. Owouo. Michigan. SWEETGLUVEB SEED. .Elfiledqffi‘il'u “PM" trunnion? nadinfonnntlon on no EVERETT“. BARTON. Box 129, Falmouth. Ky. “PT-x qu‘ __ ,/4 v __.-c .cm. l l I M agazine Section ‘ . v ’ ‘ LITERATURE gilt" » :3 “17:9 FARM BOY { POETRY ‘ V ”W H “7 a ’ ana GIRL HISTORY ana ' SCIENTIFIC ana INFORMATION MECHANICAL , J l E l 'l‘his Magazine Section forms apart of our paper every week. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere.‘ I OME seeds make journeys with wings, and others travel from place to place by attaching them- selves to the clothes of men or the hair of animals; still others make their journey in the stomachs of birds. The seeds of the maple tree are par- ticularly interesting. They are pro- vided with wings, and when they be- come detached from the parent tree a gentle breeze will carry them a con— siderable distance from the branch to which they were attached. There are many forms and modifications of the winged seed, as the linden, the horn- beam, the elm, and the pine. .Some seeds are also provided with parachutes or umbrellas, not for pro‘ tection from rain and storm, but for purposes of locomotion. The seeds of the thistle, the milkweed, and the dan- delion—in fact, the seeds of all plants which have a cottony growth—are HOW Little Seeds Travel provided for these aerial journeys. Besides these, some seeds are pro- vided with hooked appendages by which they can attach themselves to the clothing of men or to the hair of animals, so that they become trans- ported from place to place. Other seeds have hard seed coats, or shells, which are covered in many cases by edible fruit. The fruits are eaten by birds, but the seeds are not digested, and in this way become distributed from place to place. The rows of ced- ars which are characteristic of the landscape in many sections of the country, it will be noted are chiefly placed along the lines of fences or fence rows. The fruit of the cedar is an edible one, but the seed is not di- gestible, and in this way the existence of these hedge rows of cedars is ex- plained. Cherries, grapes, and other fruits are to a considerable extent dis- seminated in like manner. The hard nuts of our nut-bearing trees are not used as food by birds or large animals, but are usually sought by squirrels and small rodents, which are in the habit of gathering and budying them in various places or storing them in large quantities for winter use. The result is that a con- siderable percentage of those which are buried in this manner are never rediscovered by those hiding them, and in time nature causes the hard shell to crack open, and the warmth and moisture of the soil brings the germ contained in the kernel into ac- tive life and a tree soon springs into existence. However, the nuts buried by the squirrels did not germinate im- mediatley after being buried, but wait— ed until the warm weather of the spring, came before they put forth their tender shoots. This is not be. cause they willed it, but because the hard outer walls of the shell would not admit the air and water to the germ, so as to stimulate its growth. It was necessary that the shell pass through the changes of winter and, be broken by the action of the frosts be— fore moisture could gain an entrance to cause the swelling of the germ. This peculiarity, when taken advan« tage of commercially, is called strati- fication. Seeds with hard shells, such as cherries, peaches, plums, and.the like, have to be stratified—that is, they must be planted in the fall where llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHlllllllllllllll lillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lll|l|lIllllIlllHIlllllllllllllIHIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIHlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll illlllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll lllllllilllllllllllllllHllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllIllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllnllllllllllll WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES Commander of Canadian Forces who are Fighting so Desperately. Gen. Gonzales, the Leader who Recent ly Captured Mexico City. Secretary of Navy Daniels and Thomas Edison Discuss the New Advisory Board which Mr. Edison has Consented to Head. German Woman Pastor Popular in England Gets Naturalization Papers. Prominent Society Women Packing Clothing for War Sufferers. Horses are in Such Demand for War Purposes that Parisian Express- men are Obliged to Use Oxen. plies as they Advance Copyright by Underwood-Jr Underwood. N. V. Germans are Forced to Build Roads for Transportation of Troops and Sup- Across Poland. 88—8 1 the plants are to grow or they must be packed-away in boxes of sand in a position where they will freeze and re- main frozen during the winter, in or- der that they may germinate the fol- lowing spring. If seeds of this char- acter are stored and kept dry during the; winter they will not germinate if planted in the spring. Seeds with thin seed coats, however, like peas, beans, etc., if treated in like manner, will be destroyed by the action of the cold, and no plants will result from planting them in the autumn. Such seeds must, from the nature of the case, be retained in a dry and compar- atively warm place during the winter season. CROWS LOST IN A FOG. BY onm E. cnooxns. John Cassin, an ornithologist of a generation ago, has recorded that in the spring of 1868 he witnessed an immense flock of crows “fog bound” in Independence square, Philadelphia. $1“!HIIHHHHIIHHHHIHII|IHI|lllllllllm[mI!“lllmIHIIIJIHIIHIHIIHHHHHIHHHHHHHIHHIHHHIIllIlllllllllllllll“ll!“llmmHIIIHIIII|llllllllllI!IllI"Illllllll“lllHllllllllHlHllllllllllllll”HUI"lllllllllllllllllll THE RED MIST. By RANDALL PARRISH. llllHIllIllIllIIHHIIIHIHIHHIIIIII! 3 Copyright A. O. McClure 00. THE MICHIGAN FARMER Thousands upon thousands of these birds, evidently bewildered by the dense fog, had strangely taken'refuge in this small park in the very heart of the city. They filled every available foothold upon the trees and swarmed over and covered the ground. Unlike most assemblages of these birds, they were singularly quiet, orderly and si- lent as though awed by the predica- ment in which they found themselves. Mr. Cassin records that a few birds, evidently leaders, moved rapidly through the multitude as though giv- ing signals. This was followed by the departure of a few scouts who ap- parently did not venture far away and who returned unsuccessful. The lead- ers then repeated their movements through the flock after which another and larger party of exploration was sent out. This returned after some time, evidently bearing encouraging reports, for very soon the immense congregation rose slowly and silently and flew away~preceded by their scouts. LE ”— MN“!lfllllllllllilllllilllIIIHIUHIIIHHI HM ill CHAPTER XIX. The One Path of Escape. I could see nothing, and was com- pelled to rely entirely upon the sense of touch. This, however, quickly con- Vinced me that the opposite wall was solid, containing not even a fine hole. Then assuredly no furnace had ever been installed in the building, and either open fireplaces, or stoves, were used for heating purposes in those rooms above. Probably the former had been discarded and the latter sub- stituted since the days of my boy- hood, which would account for the darkness above. The oldtime openings had been closed, sealed up, and so the chances were that only the roof af- forded opportunity for my escape. I felt grave doubt as to my ability to attain that elevation; it was not a pleasant prospect, but I had already gone too far to hesitate. This was my only chance, and I must either give it a trial or resign myself to the certain fate of the morrow. Iron bars had been left on one side the chimney, forming an irregular lad- der, whether for strengthening or some other purpose, I cannot say. My groping hands located these, and by their aid I began to climb slowly up- ward through the pitch darkness. The chimney walls were at the beginning so wide apart as to afford me no grip, but by the time the iron bands disap- peared, which was just below the floor of the first story, the chimney had narrowed sufficiently to enable me to brace myself between its jagged sides. In this manner I not only managed to keep from falling, but even succeeded in advancing slowly, although the sharp edges of the stone lacerated hands and knees painfully. 'At the level of the first story I came upon a projection of rock, possibly six or eight inches wide, on which I found secure foothold, and was thus able to regain breath and strength for a re- newal of the struggle. _I was crouch- ed opposite the oldtime fireplace, and the band, playing noisily, was within a very few feet of where I hid. How- ever, not a gleam of light was visible, and it was some time before I located the opening which had been left for a Stovepipe. Even then I could feel no pipe, but, as I extended my arm, a finger burst through the paper which had been pasted across the entrance, and a glow of radiance illumined the black walls about me. I waited motionless, holding my breath in fear that some eye might have witnessed the tearing of the pa- per; but there was no cessation of noise, no evidence of discovery. The band ceased to play, and the murmur of voices in conversation reached me where I clung precariously to the rag- ged wall. It was a mere monotone, the mingled words indistinguishable, confused by feet moving across the floor. Then some voice announced the next dance, and the band began again. Assailed by a temptation to view the scene, I found foothold a little higher up, and, clinging to the edge of the hole, brought my eyes to a level with the rent in the paper. The vista was not a wide one, and I dare not enlarge the space, yet I saw sufficient to yield me full knowledge of the party, and its occasion. The floor was crowded, the men almost without ex- . Illll|I||IMMIHIIIIIIHI|IIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIIHIHIIIIIHIIIHI||IHIllHIINHIHIIHIIIIHIHllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHHIIHHNHlHIHHHHIIIIHIHHIUHIIHIHHHIlllllllllIllllllllllImlIllIHHIIIIIIHIHINHHE ception in Federal uniform. A few of these were dancing together, as though there was a scarcity of women partners, but the fairer sex were not altogether lacking, and I had little difficulty in distinguishing the officers’ wives from the town belles by the cut and material of their gowns. The lat- ter, hOWever, predominated, proving either that the feminine inhabitants of Lewisburg were loyal in their senti- ments, or that the Yankee invaders had made a complete capture of the town. Whichever theory was the true one, both sexes were enjoying them- selves to the top of their bent, forget- ful of everything except the pleasure of the moment. The couples whirled past, circling the room. I could distinguish uni- forms of every grade below that of colonel ,and representatives of the three arms of the service. Occasion- ally a black coat appeared conspicu- ously amid the throng on the floor, but there were more of these visible along the side walls. It was evidently military night, and the ladies looked kindly on brass buttons and gold lace. The big room resounded to the tap of feet, and the ceaseless murmur of voices; laughter rang out, and over all the merry strain of music. I watched the faces eagerly, but they were all strange. No doubt some of these young women I had known as girls, but they had grown out of my recollection. None among the officers present, so far as I could tell, had I ever come in contact with—ah! yes! there was Whitlock sitting disconso- lately alone below the judge’s bench. I clung to my perch determining to as- sure myself, but my eyes encountered no other familiar countenance. Of course Noreen would not attend, but there must be some special cause to account for Raymond’s absence. He was the sort to whom such an occa- sion as this would naturally appeal. Satisfied by my scrutiny, I explored the opposite wall in vain for any sim« ilar opening. As I remembered there were offices there, where in days of peace the county officers held sway, and the floor above was an unfurnish- ed attic, extending the full length of the building, having a low, unceiled roof. In the old days it had been used for storage purposes, and there was a narrow stairway leading down into the sheriff’s ofl‘ice. Ay! and there was a contrivance there once in which they used to burn waste papers. I re- membered a certain house-cleaning in which I assisted, and was assigned to the job of stirring the papers frequent- ly with an iron poker. I thought it fun, and the chimney funnel was a big one. Possibly it was there still, but could I succeed in getting up that far? The light shining through the broken paper permitted a faint glimpse of my immediate surround- ings, yet revealed little to encourage such an attempt. The chimney was barely large enough to admit the up- ward passage of my body, and was a black mystery. However, the irregu- larity of the stones promised finger and foot-hold, and if the opening re- tained the same formation to the top, I might be able to squeeze through without serious accident. At any rate the effort must be made—to retreat, or even to remain where I was, in- volved consequences far more danger- ous than those threatened by this tun- nel. It offered a chance, a hope—and I could ask no more. > . _ These were but flashes of thought, for I was climbing before the music ceased, clinging desperately to every slight projection, and bracing myself against the walls. Progress was slow, and occasionally painful; the contract- ed space gave me a feeling of suffoca- tion, and I dislodged enough soot so I was compelled to struggle constantly to refrain from coughing. My only re- lief was to bind a handkerchief across mouth and nostrils. While the music remained silent I rested, fearful lest my struggles would be overheard, taking such meager comfort as I could. The first blare of the horns started me off once more, careless in the midst of so much noise as to whether I rattled the loosened plaster, or even dislodged an ill-secur. ed stone. But at the best the passage was made by inches, and I took more than one desperate chance of slip- ping; twice I clung breathless as the music ceased, but the second time I felt convinced I had attained to the level of the upper floor. This was but a decision of judgment, as my only guidance came from the noise below, and the distance which it seemed to me I had clambered up. There was no change in my surroundings as re- vealed by my groping hands—-the same solid four walls of rubble stone and plaster, but these thus far ran straight up, wide enough apart to per- mit the passage of my body. With the next burst of melody from below, now somewhat mellowed by distance and the intervening walls, I made another attempt to ascend, but had scarcely attained more than a foot or two when my right hand plung- ed into a wide opening. Clinging as best I could to a precarious footing, I ran my arm deeper in until I came in contact with a tin covering, which yielded easily to the pressure of my fingers, and finally fell rather noisily to the floor. I paused, startled at the sound, but no gleam of light came through the opening, and I instantly realized that the attic was unocuupied. The rattle of the tin would, in all probability, create no alarm because of the din below. I knew now exactly where I was, the only immediate problem being my ability to squeeze through that nar- row space. The oldtime burner had evidently been removed, and a tin cap fitted over the chimney hole. I wiggled my way in head first, shoul- ders drawn together, hands gripping the outer edge, and feet pressed strong against the inside of the chimney. At first it seemed as if I hardly moved, and I was wedged so closely that ev- ery attempt to breathe gave me pain; yet to crush my way forward was eas- ier than to attempt retreat, and I pushed with all my power, feeling my clothes tear, yet conscious of some slight advance. The encouragement of this success led to a redoubling of effort, my shoulders drawn close, and every muscle strained to its utmost. My knees were doubled up in the chimney, and my feet found solid pur- chase'against the stones. I felt as though the very skin was being peeled off me, but I shot forward, my head and shoulders emerging into the op- en. Heavens! what a relief! I drew a long breath, dangling over the floor, unable to reach any support; then kicked and struggled until I fell out headlong, and lay too exhausted even to move. It was so still I could plainly hear the swift beating of my heart, and so dark that not an object was discern- ible. The music below had ceased, and, as I was now on the opposite side of the building, the sound of conver- sation and movement did not reach me. For a long momentt I lay there endeavoring to recall the surround- ings, but I dare not waste much time in idleness. The night was slipping away, and every instant gained was to my advantage. There was no safety until I was out of this building. I ached from head to foot, my clothes must be in rags, and, no doubt, Iwas as black as a negro from chimney soot. Yet my heart beat high with hope, and the spirit of adventure grip- ped me. The stairs were somewhere to the right, unprotected by even a handrail. I crept toward them across the rough board floor, fearing a fall, and finally located the opening. Nothing indicat- ed that the room below was occupied, and I slipped down as silently as pos- sible, although the steps creaked un- der my weight. Once in the sheriff’s room. some recollection of its form and furnishing recurred to mind; my memory, served by the dim reflection of a campfire without, which rendered objects faintly visible. I could dis— tinguish the desk, and a few rounded- back wooden chairs pushed against the wall. There was a door to the left, standing ajar, leading into a washroom, and I ventured within, feel- ing about to assure myself if there had been any water left. I found a bucket nearly full, and two bars of soap, and unable to resist the luxury, JULY 31, 1915. I stripped of! my ragged uniform coat, and began vigorous scrubbing. How thorough a job I made (if it I cannot tell, but the soap lathered freely, and I certainly did my best, using up an entire roller towel in the final effort to attain cleanliness. There was a coat and hat hanging on'the hooks, neither article of the highest respectability I judged from feeling them, but more to my purpose than the rags I had cast aside, and I donned the two gladly, finding them no bad fit. The hat was looped up with a star. Feeling quite myself again in these new habiliments, and conscious ‘of a clean face, I stole across the sheriif’s deserted office, seeking the door into the corridor. I found it, but it was locked. Failing to force this ,I tried the windows, only to discover them securely barred. All these ofiices were connected together. that of the county clerk adjoining the sheriff’s, and possibly I might find a door unlocked somewhere; at least none of the other windows would be ironed. I listened at the door leading into the clerk’s room, but heard no sound. There was no lock on the door, and it opened silently to the pressure of my hand. A flood of light swept into my eyes, and I stood blinking blindly, too surprised and startled to draw instant- ly back. There were two men in the room, one bending over a desk, the other sitting leaning back against the wall directly facing me. The latter was Lieutenant Raymond. CHAPTER XX. I Make Two Prisoners. SAW him stare, open mouthed, as though at a ghost. There was a startled look in his face, but. no recognition. The same swift glimpse had revealed to me a discarded belt on the end of the desk, in which glit- tered the pearl handle of a revolver. With one step forward I had the Weap- on in my possession, and sprang be- tween both men and the door. “Not a single move, gentlemen!” I commanded crisply, yet not venturing to speak loud, for fear of a guard out- side. “Lieutenant, place your gun on the desk!” He had it half-drawn, but my weap- on was aimed straight at his head. “What the deuce!” he sputtered, “Never mind! Do as I say first, and then ask questions—take it by the barrel; now slide it across to me.” My eyes glanced aside at the face of the other, who was looking up, scarcely comprehending even yet what hadoccurred, and recognized Colonel Pickney. So I had blindly strayed in- to headquarters! .Well, it was a tick- lish position, but, for the moment at least, I had the upper hand. Now I must use my wit to retain it. The confused, startled look on the two faces amused me—Raymond gasped like a fish out of water, and the florid features of the colonel expressed a chagrin too deep for words. I thought he would explode, he sputtered so be fore he could give vocal utterance to his discovery. “By God, it’s that spy!” “What!” and the Lieutenant took a step forward, only to shrink back as my revolver came to a level. “The Johnny we were going to hang?” “Were going to—yes,” and I smiled grimly, “but you are not quite so cock- sure of it now. What have you here ?” I glanced sidelong at the paper on which the Colonel’s hand still rested. My eyes caught a line or two, yet enough to_convince me it was an order of court-martial. “Intended for my case, sir?” He nodded angrily, growling out an indistinct word. “Tear it up; I have decided against being present, you heard me—~tear it up!” He was raging inwardly, but must have read the meaning of my eyes for his hands tore the sheet across, and flung the fragments to the floor. “It's your turn now, Johnny,” he said sneeringly, “but it won’t last long. There is a sentinel outside." “I supposed so; and any noise eith- er one of you make will be the last sound you’ll utter in this world. That is no idle threat, gentlemen; so don't take the chance. My life is at stake in this game I’m playing, and I shall shoot to kill.” “How the devil did you get here?" “We will discuss that when we have more time. Lieutenant Raymond, I will trouble you to step around back of the desk—no, the other way; I ad- vise you not to be tricky. Colonel Pickney, sit up in. your chair, and put your hands behind you in through the openings in the chair back. Oh, yes you will! Don’t be a fool, manl‘What is this—a hair trigger?” I never saw anyone more thoroughly angry; he would have killed me with the utmost pleasure, and, indeed, for an instant I expected him‘to actually make the attempt. ed into his, and the pearl-handled re- volver was within six inches of his ,. But my eyes glar- ' 1,. or .gave him no time for action. JULY 31,1915. head, and the man was not insane. Slowly, reluctantly, as though actually forced into the action, his arms were thrust backward into a posture of helplessness. ’His lips sputtered, but he could not even swear. “Now, Raymond, take that belt and bind him," I commanded'sternly. “Go to it, and be quick. Remember I have a gun in each hand. Pass it clear around his body and across the wrists. Now draw it tight—oh, tighter than that. I expect it to hurt him! Good Lord, man, this is war! I am the one you have cause to feel afraid of—he cannot court-martial you for obeying my orders with a gun at your head. That’s it—now catch the buckle.” Pickney choked with rage to which ‘he dare not give vent, and the hands of the Lieutenant shook as though from chill. His face was so white I began to think the fellow had a streak 0i cowardice in him, but his very fear might give him recklessness. I shov- ed the muzzle of a revolver against his coat. “Now this other around his legs; strap them tight to the chair. Very good, indeed; you are learning your trade." I tested the taut leather with one hand. “That will hold you, Colonel, all but your mouth, and I hope you have enough sense left to guard that your- self. Raymond,” and my glance swept the walls of the room hastily, "I re- gret troubling you so much; it is like adding insult to injury—but would you reach me those overalls hanging on the hook behind you. Thank‘you; now turn that chair, so the back will be this way, and—sit down." He knew what I meant, and there was an ugly look in his eyes, but I The Colonel was safe enough, and I felt free to give my entire attention to the younger man. Nor did I feel any in~ clination to deal with him gently. It was his jealousy and malice which were largely responsible for my pose tion of peril, and he had exhibited pet- ty meanness in his treatment of me when he possessed the power. Now, for the moment, at least, that power was mine, and the recollection left me no inclination to be gentle. I gripped him by the collar, twisting my knuck- les into his throat, and thrust him down into the chair seat with a vio- ‘ lence which caused the fellow to gasp. “You move when I speak!" I said threateningly. “This is no boy’s play. Now put your hands back -——oh, farth- er than that; cross them over each other. Come, do you feel the stee ! I do not like you any too well, Ray- mond; I know your treachery.” “I did nothing against you,” be pro- tested wriggling about to gain glimpse of my face. “I had no authority here—” “No, but you had influence, and us- ed it against me. I got the story straight enough, and can guess the reason. You were going to call on me, but you failed to do so.” “Did Captain Fox tell you that?” “Never mind who'told me. , We are not discussing the affair now. Sit back straighter; there, I reckon that will hold. Oh! it hurts, does it? I meant it should. Let me see, there ought to be some cord in one of these drawers. Ah, I thought so; will make a good job of it." I' stood off and looked at the two of them, surprised at the ease with which I had accomplished the result, but en- tirely at sea as to my next movement. All I had done since entering the room had been instinctive rather than thoughtful. I had accepted the only course open, but the work had been done without plan, without conception of what must follow. There was a guard on duty in the corridor Without, and, no doubt, another at the door of the building. Apparently there was no other point of egress, and to remain where I was would result in certain discovery, and that soon. My success was but temporary, and my peril in no degree lessened by what had al- ready been accomplished. No plan, no hopeful possibility, occurred to me; I could but stare vacantly at my two prisoners, and about at the walls of the room. Raymond was jammed back into one corner farthest from the door, his face white, every bit of nerve gone and a red welt showing where my grip had contracted the flesh. The fellow actually looked pitiful he was so com- pletely cowed But Pickney was of a different kidney. He sat glaring an- grily at me across the table,_With face red as the rising sun, straining at the tough leather, his lips muttering inco- herent threats of vengeance. ' “I’ll get you yet, you damned ras- cal,” I heard him growl, “and stretch your neck without any trial.” . . “And I’ll gag that mouth of yours,” I answered, “and keep it still for awhile. Oh, yes, you’ll open up, my man! I know a trick that will make you bite the tighter I pull the cord. How about you, Lieutenant? Would you like a dose of the same medi- cine?” . I stepped across to him, a strip .of cloth in my hand, but just at that in- now I. "THE MICHIGAN FARMER stant the latch of the. door rattled as though a hand without gripped it. I had arely time in which to leap back against the wall, hidden from view. when the door opened inward. All I saw was the glimpse of, a man’s hand and sleeve. The fellow must have perceived nothing to alarm him, for he merely held the door ajar. “A lady to see the Colonel,” he an- nounced briefly. “Just step in, miss.” I saw her advance two steps, and then stop motionless, with half-sup- pressed cry of surprise. The sentry could not have heard the slight excla- mation, for he closed the door, the latch clicking sharply. Her eyes open- ed wide, staring first at the Colonel then at Raymond, so startled at the discovery of their predicament as to be dazed. I took a step forward, and for the first time, she became aware of another person in the room. She drew hastily back, one hand flung out, as though in defense, for the instant failing to recognize me in citizen’s clothes. Then the swift light of recog- nition leaped into her eyes, as she leaned forward to scan me more close- ly in the dim light of the single lamp. I could not tell, I could not be sure, yet I thought the expression on her face was one of relief, of rejoicing. “You!” she exclaimed, as though not yet half convinced of the truth. “You here—and free! What—'what have you done to these men?” I laughed lightly, so relieved by her reception as to feel a new man. “Merely turned the tables; this time luck was on my side.” “You have not hurt them?” “Oh, no; there was no necessity. They were quite easily persuaded. I was fortunate enough to gain posses- sion of all the weapons, and neither gentleman seemed eager to prove a hero. As you perceive, they are like lambs.” ’ They hardly looked it, for if ever murder glared unconcealed in the eyes of men, it did then; but they were helpless to move_ or express themSelves—at least the Colonel was, although he struggled fiercely. The younger oflicer made no attempt, his thin lips drawn back in a cruel snarl. I was certain there was a swift gleam of amusement in the girl’s eyes, but it passed quickly as her glance again met mine. “But you! Tell me; I must under- stand in order to know what to do. How did you come here?” “The explanation is simple enough, and these gentlemen will be interested also in hearing about it. No doubt they think I dropped from the sky. When my father was the judge of this court, I was free to play about the building, and in that way I learned all its secrets. They chose the old record room as my cell, and I was aware that the big central chimney compos- ed the greater part of its inner wall. My only problem was to break through and this I succeeded in doing. There was a dance in the court room, and the noise enabled me to work with- out discovery. I crept up through the chimney, and came out in the attic. There are stairs leading down into the sheriff’s office, just beyond there. That was where I found these clothes, but the door into the corridor was locked, and so I came in here. I had no suspicion the room was occupied, until I came face to face with these men. But they were more surprised even than I. I got the guns first, and that ended it; but I cannot hold you up that way." “No!” I could not keep the joyous note out of my voice. “You inean—” “Merely, that I came here seeking your release, or rather to urge that you be given a trial at Charleston. It is scarcely likely under all conditions that I will prevent your escape, or at- tempt to do so. You saved me from a fate worse than death, and was cap- tured While endeavoring to serve me. Surely you did not suppose I had for- gotten? ou received my message." “Yes, and was most thankful for it. I confess I had doubted before.” “I read your thoughts in your face; that was one reason why I wished to reassure you. I could not be ungrate< ful.” She glanced across the room, and began again as though anxious to get upon another topic. “I—I request- ed Lieutenant Raymond to intercede in your behalf, and he pledged me his word to do so. Less than an hour ago I learned he was exerting his influ- ence with Colonel Pickney against my Wishes. I determined to come here in person, and learn the truth. Have you any explanation, Lieutenant Ray- mend?” “The fellow is a self-confessed spy,” he asserted hoarsely. “There was nothing I could say to have him.” “Did you attempt to say anything?” “Why, yes, 1—” “Lieutenant, I made no request that you would interpose to save_this man from his just fate under military law. My father was a soldier, and I know a soldier’s duty. All I asked was that he be sent to Charleston, to the head- quarters of this department, where he could have an impartial trial. If you had so advised Colonel Pickney that would have been done. He would have gladly shifted the responsibility else- where. Now the full burden of deci- sion falls on me. I must choose be tween two duties.” “Two duties?” “Yes—two; my loyalty to the Un- ion, or to my husband.” Raymond certainly was no more startled than I at this avowal, perhaps less so, for although the words chok- ed in his throat, he managed to give them utterance. “Your husband! Good God! do you mean to say you are married to this fellow?” “I not only mean to say it,” she said calmly, “but I have the proof with me. I tell you the fact merely to jus— tify my action, for I intend to save him if I can. I wish Colonel Pickney to know why I do this—what condi- tions justify me in so rebellious a course. This man does not deserve death; he was captured while defend- ing me from insult, and he is my hus- band. I should be unworthy the name of woman if I did not aid his escape." She turned to me, her eyes eager. “Tom, you must do just as I say.” CHAPTER XXI. The Lady Chooses. HE came across toward me, her back to the others, and spoke _ swiftly, yet in a low voice which did not carry to their ears. “There is only one way possible for you to pass out of this building and through the camp safely. There are guards everywhere, and the orders are very strict; but I think we can go to gether. I know the countersign—Cap- tain Fox is officer of the day, and trusted me with it. If—if you only had a uniform! Where is the one you were ?” “My trip through the chimney left that in rags,” I anSWered, impressed by her earnestness, and getting my wits together. She glanced about the walls of the room, a frown between her eyes. “Then we must forage from the en- emy,” with a little nervous laugh. “You would never pass the sentry in the corridor Wearing that suit. You will have to take the lieutenant’s coat and cap. Be quick about it and—and you need not be particularly gentle on my account.” “Nor on my own either—Fox in- formed me of what he told you.” I was not long about the job, nor did Raymond make any resistance to the exchange forced upon him. In fact he acted like a man too completely dazed even to realize the indignity of his treatment. yet the way his eyes followed my every movement, and the smouldering hate in their depths, left me no doubt but what the fellow would prove dangerous enough, if ever he re- 9—89 gained the power. I took no chances, binding him with greater care than before, and fitting a gag into his” mouth to silence any possible cry for help. Noreen stood close to the door, apparently listening for some noise without, yet occasionally directing her glance toward us anxiously. I slipped into the lieutenant’s coat, which fitted me snugly, and pulled his_cap well down over my eyes. I bore no resem- blance to the man, yet in the dark the difference might not be noticed. “Are you ready ?” she asked in a low whisper. “Yes; but tell me your plan. I need to know what character I am to enact —Raymond?.” “Not at first, not in the hall. That Would be useless, as there is a light burning. Listen,” and she grasped my sleeve in both hands in her eagerness to explain. “Do you remember the way the corridor runs?” “I think so. This is the left branch of the main hallway. It is about four feet wide, and this is the third door from the turn. Am I right?” “Yes, as nearly as I can recall. I did not notice closely. The light is at the intersection, a coal-oil lamp in a bracket against the wall. There is a sentry stationed outside this door-— the Colonel’s orderly, I presume, but fully armed,and two others at the front entrance. There are twenty or thirty feet away, and out of sight from this door. I am not particularly afraid of passing them.” “It’s the fellow stationed here?” “Yes, he will be suspicious of a stranger coming out with me, for he has seen everyone who came in.” “There is only one course to pursue them. We must trust to force, and a quick assault which will give the fel~ low no time to raise an alarm. You go out alone, leaving the door slightly ajar, and engage him in conversation. Did he appear to be genial when you met him before?” “Yes, rather eager to talk—a young man.” “Good; then you can gain his atten- tion for a moment. Stand so that his back will be to the door.” “You are not going to kill him?" “"here will be no necessity; once I get my grip the affair will be over— you understand?” Her lips were firmly set, her eyes gravely earnest. The light fell full upon her face. I could not refrain from touching her hand. “You will let me thank you!” “There is no need. I could do no less.” “But few would show the bravery.” “Bravery! Why I have exhibited none. Please do not speak of that— every moment now means so much. Yes, I understand perfectly; shall I go now?” (To be continued). lllllIll!”IHIHHHHMIHIIllillllllillilllllllllllli|IIllllWJlIIIll[[1l1|{HIHHI[IlillfllllilllllllllllllilillllllllllillllllIllllllIHIHHHIIHIIHIHHIHHIIIIJHIHIHIilllllilmimHHIHHIHHHIHHHIIHHHIIIllilllllllflmllllllmllllfll Just Keep Sweet .WO men stood at the end of a lane. The face of one showed spite and anger as he told the other of certain troubles and annoy- ances he was having with a neighbor across the way. It was evident that his heart was surcharged with bitter- ness and that the opportunity of tell- ing his troubles to another was re- lieving pent up forces within. He who listened waited patiently until the other had finished. Then his homely face lighted up with genu- ine sympathy as he placed one hand on the other's shoulder and looked him squarely in the eye. “John, it is kind of hard to have to live in the same township with Jim. You’re right on this. He’s not built on the square, and his heart’s not in the right place. But until one or the other of you sells out and moves away you’ve got to mix in with each other more or less right along. A leopard don’t change his spots and it isn’t likely that you or he will either. But there’s one thing you can do— whether he does it or not—and that's to just keep sweet. W’hatever he does, you remember this! It’s better than goin’ to law—and cheaper—even if he does impose on you and acts ornery and mean. Just keep sweet yourself. It always takes two to make a quarrel.” What a wonderful old world this would be if human nature always and everywhere just kept sweet. The joy of living would be in every heart; the sunshine of cheer and gladness would light up every life. And with so much of the spirit of optimism pulsating through the activities in which men indulge it would seem as though all cause for anger, strife and discord would be eliminated. Yet, keeping sweet is far from be- ing so easy a “cure-all” as it sounds. Human nature is far from being per- fect and our own imperfections must be taken into account quite as much as our neighbor’s. If we ourselves were perfect we would probably keep sweet—without trying so hard to do so. It is because we are easily pro. voked; because our tempers are not always under control; because the spirit of retaliation springs up full armed and ready for action whenever we feel others have imposed upon us or have attempted to thwart our in- terests that keeping swvet is as diffi- cult for us as it is for others. Still, like all ideals of whatsoever kind, the nearer we approach the goal the better for ourselves. Annoyances never possess quite the sting they oth- erwise have if we are able to treat them as matters of secondary importv ance. Let them gain the upper hand, however, and we have not a moment’s peace. If we could even preserve some semblance of sweetness many of these little things would stop short of spoiling a whole day for us as they now have of doing every little while. Just keep sweet! Human nature, like milk, is always at its best before it has become soured! . O. E. CROOKER. THE MICHIGA / MET a woman the other day whom I knew well 15 years ago, but whom I had not seen for at least 10 years. When I knew her she was 25 years old and looked 40. She was thin and sharp featured, a deep crease separated her eyebrows, her voice was sharp, her manner petulant, and :she never laughed except at something that hurt someone else. Today, at 40, she looks 20, her cheeks are full and flushed with health, the crease is gone between her eyes, and tiny lines caus— ed by laughter show at the corners in- stead. She is constantly laughing and making others laugh over the very things which once infuriated her. In 15 years she has changed from a picture of querulous middle age, to one of light-hearted youth. Even a naturally polite nature could not keep me from remarking on the change'and begging for the cure, to be used at home and passed on to others. "It’s all very simple,” she said smil- ing, “I’ve become a philosopher. That is, I discovered all by myself one day, what every other philosopher who ev- er lived discovered for himself, that I can’t alter circumstances to suit my- self but I can altermyself to'suit cir- cumstances. Things didn’t use to be smooth with me when you knew me, and I could never reconcile myself to my lot. I spent my time fretting over what couldn’t be helped and wore my- self out in an effort to change the un- changeable. I was always kicking, either orally or mentally, railing at my family and Providence because I had to do things which were distasteful to me and hadn’t time, or opportunity, to do the things I thought I was meant to do. “One day it came to me that the per- son worst hurt by my mental attitude was myself. Of course, it was unpleas- ant for the family, but they could get away from me at times. I never could get away from myself. I had to live with my wretched, unhappy, fault-find- ing self every minute of the day and night. And the worst of it all was that all my fretting didn’t help things a bit. I had to live under certain con- ditions, that was inevitable. Why not, then, stop trying to alter them and pretend to be happy? I determined to begin at once and I did. “Don’t think it was easy, and that the miracle you see was worked over night. It took all sorts of determina- tion and starting over again, but I persevered. In time I got so I didn’t mind a bit the things I used to think unbearable. From pretending I liked my surroundings I began really to de- light in overcoming the disagreeable. I got so I could laugh at what once would have thrown me into a nervous frenzy. After awhile things brighten- ed up for us and life became really easy. But I am sure if I hadn’t learn- ed to laugh when things were hard I should still be the same bad-tempered, unhappy woman whom you used to know. The changed conditions would not have changed me. “It is all simply a matter of adapt- ing yourself to conditions. There was one thing in particular that used to bother me. I could not sleep nights. I would lie awake until midnight wor- rying over what couldn’t be helped. Then when the clock struck twelve I’d thump my pillow and groan. I must be up at six and in the office at eight, 36m an ant) Her Needy N FARMER‘ JULY 31, 1915. At Heme and Elwew ere I: . {r , Egg n Change Yourself to Suit Conditions and now I had only six hours left for sleep. At one I’d only five hours left, and many a morning it was only four hours left before I would drop off. When I reformed I just said to myself, ‘Well, I don’t care whether I sleep or not. I can at least rest my body. Any- way, if I don’t sleep I’ll have plenty of time to think out how to get my work done tomorrow with the least expendi- ture of time and strength. This gives me a nice long time to plan things out wisely.’ “Instead of worrying because I couldn’t sleep I kept my mind calm and happy, and before I knew it, I would drop off. In time I overcame the habit of sleeplessness altogether, by simply training my mind. “Today I really am happy. But it is not because things changed for me. Happiness came when I changed my- self for things.” DEBORAH. TWO ICENTERPIECES WITH CRO- CHET EDGES. BY LUCILE A. HOWELL. Cut an oval piece of linen 20 inches long and ten inches wide. Baste a narrow roll hem around the entire edge and'work a row of 's 0 through thelinen over the hem. S1 st in lst s c to complete circle. - First Row.~—Ch 6, (skip. three stitches in previous row, 1 tr in 4th stitch. Ch 3). Repeat to end of row. Fasten in 3rd st of ch 6. Second Row.—Sl st in 2nd st of ch 6. (Ch 6, s c under ch 3). Continue to end of row and fasten in 1st st of ch 6. Third Row—SI st to 3rd st of ch 6. Ch 3, 2 tr under ch 6, holding last stitch of each tr on needle and slip- ping both off together. (Ch 3, 3 tr under ch 6, slipping last st of each tr off together). Repeat to end of row. Ch 3 and fasten in 3rd st of lst ch, sl st to 2nd st of ch 3. Fourth Row—Ch 6, 3d c under ch 3. Repeat to end of row and fasten in lst st of ch 6. Fifth Row.——Ch 2, 3 d c under ch 6, ch 1 (4 d c under ch 6, ch 1). Repeat to end of row. Fasten in last st of ch 2. . Sixth Row—Ch 6, s c under ch 1. Repeat to end of row. Seventh Row—Ch 3, 4 tr under ch 6. Ch 6, 1 tr in top of s c, ch 6, (5 tr under ch 6, ch 6, 1 tr in top of s 0, ch 6). Repeat to end of row. Fasten in 3rd st of ch 3. Eighth Row—Ch 3, 1 tr between 2nd and 3rd tr of previous row, 1 tr be- tween 3rd and 4th tr, 1 tr between 4th and 5th, ch 6, s c under ch 6, ch 6, s 0 under ch 6. (1 tr between 1st and 2nd tr, 1 tr between 2nd and 3rd tr, 1 tr between 3rd and 4th tr, 1 tr between 4th and 5th tr, ch 6, s 0 un- der ch 6, ch 6). Repeat to end of row and fasten in 3rd st of first ch of 3. Ninth Row.——Sl st to top of 2nd tr of previous row. Ch 4, s 0 under ch 6. Ch 6, 4 tr under ch 6, ch 6, s c under ch 6, ch 2. (Tr between 2nd and 3rd tr of previous row, ch 2, s c under ch 6, ch 6, 4 tr under ch 6, ch 6, s 0 under ch 6, ch 2). Repeat to end of row and fasten in third st of ch 3. 81 st to 2nd st of ch 2. Tenth Row—(Ch 4, 1 tr between 1st and 2nd tr of previous row, 1 tr between 2nd and 3rd tr, between 3rd and 4th tr, ch 4, s c under ch 6, ch 3, s c under ch 2, s c under next ch 2, ch 3, s c under ch 6). Repeat to end of row. SI st in 2nd st of ch 4. Eleventh Row—Ch 4, (1 tr under ch 4, ch 2, 1 (1 tr between 1st and 2nd tr of previous row, ch 1,1 (1 tr between 2nd and 3rd tr, ch 2, 1 tr under ch 4 of previous row, ch 4, 1 so under same ch 4, ch 3, 1 s c under ch 3, 1 s _c between the two s c of last row, 1‘ s c under ch 3, ch 3, 1 s 0 under ch 4, ch 4). Repeat to end of row and fasten in top of 1st tr. Twelfth Row.—2 d c under ch 2, ch 4, 1 s c in 1st stitch of ch to form a picot. 2 d c under ch 1, 2ldc under oh ‘2, 'ch 4 1 s 'c in 1st-St to form a‘vp, 3 d c under ch 3, ch 1, 1 d c under’ ch 3, 3 d 0 under ch 4. 'Repeat‘to end of row and fasten thread. ’ .. GETTING. up THE THRES’HING . DINNER. BY W. 0. SMITH. It is the custom down in our neigh- borhood for the farmer who has grain to thresh to provide the meal for'the threshing crew. We practice co-oper- ative methods to a certain extent in changing work, although the machine is hired at so muchper bushel and there are sometimes 20 jobs in the “ring” or company. This makes a good many mouths to feed, especially when the amount of help is based on acreage and sometimes there are three or four hands from one place I think a farmer is supposed to furnish one hand for the first 20 acres of grain that he has to thresh and one man for each additional 20 acres or fraction thereof, as they. say in law papers. Thus you see 20 jobs may mean 20 men, besides the machine crew prop- er. Or it may mean 40, depending up- on the amount of grain each man has sown. There are many communities in the country where a similar method is followed and if you have ever lived in one of them and had to cook, cook, cook to provide for such a regiment of hungry harvest hands you are well aware that the system has its disad- vantages. We talked it over quite a lot at Lakeview Farm this season. In fact, the whole community talked it over. Many of the men, and some of the wo- men, were in favor of each man car- rying a dinner pail thus doing away with the practice of meal-getting for so many. Others favored an earlier hour for quitting and letting the men go home for supper, for formerly we had been furnishing two meals each day. This seemed the 'better plan and more were in favor of it. Henry My- ers, who had done the threshing'in the community for several years: ap. proved the plan. .. - ' ' 1.. “We can get’an earlier start,” he said. “If we work till six o’clock or half-after and quit and go home' we have a chance to get our work done and don’t have a lot of things left over to finish up in the morning and make us late at the machine. Then it gives us machine men a chance to keep our end in good working order.” And that he was right was after- ward proven, for his machine ran steadier that season than ever before for the simple reason the separator and engine men went over it in the evening after the hands knocked off and had it in good shape for an early beginning. But even one meal is a matter of importance. Old man Henry is strong for common food. “We jist get ‘dog,’ ” he said. “Don’t like to see people put on so much dog for threshers. Cut out the knick- knacks and give us something plain that will stick to our ribs.” We, had but 20 acres of very light oats. A meal for 20 or 30 men would make quite an inroad on the profit of the crop and lots of work for the women folks if we did as our neigh- bors did and made an event out of our threshing dinner. In fact there wasasort of rivalry in the community .among the women to see who could get up the most elaborate dinner. “I am going'to be very plain this year,”., Itold my husband. And with the help of two girls I served a dinner that was wholesome and an innova- tion, where'elaborate meals had; been the rule. , , A large ham, boiled the day before, was the piece de—~, whatever the rest of that word is, anyWay it was the feature. A large kettle of beans, cook- ed over the oil stove, and new pota- toes creamed, came next in import- ance, with corn boiled on the cob. We had baked bread the day before. This went 'well with the fresh butter. A large platter of sliced tomatoes, slic- ed cucumbers and onions, and cold slaw furnished the frills, and a fruit salad with good rich cream and hot coffe completed the dinner. Every- thing that we had served came right from the farm and was easily gotten upvfor the occasion. Instead of put- ting on my best linen and having the dinner in the dining-room, it was serv- ed over oil cloth laid.over an extem« poraneous table in the large summer kitchen. Instead of stewing around over a hot stove we simply took our. time. We had some variety and plenty of everything that we cooked, so no man'went away hungry, al4 though several stated that they went away wishing they could eat more, but had to be governed by their respective capacities. It was a cheap meal and a good one. We shall never again attempt an elab- orate threshing meal, for as Old Man Henry says, “It’s just a matter of wholesome stuff that will stick to your ribs.” SHORT CUTS TO HOUSEKEEPING. To remove mildew from damp clos- ets, put an earthen bowl full of quick- lime into the closet. The lime will ab- sorb all the moisture and sweeten and disinfect the closet; out rats, mice and bugs. Renew the lime as often as it becomes slaked.— M. A. P.- -‘ ' hit you are annoyed with flies in your , bedroom, soak a sponge in oil of lav- ender and tie it to the top (if the bed. Flies hate the smell of lavender, and will not approach it.——J. J. O’C. ' It will also keep Is. JULY'31, 1915. Ll] ElllllIlIllll|lllllllllllllIlllfllfiilllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IllIllllllllllllllllllllll a Grange. Ell!“|llllllllllHHHlllllllllllIIll|IIlllllllllllllllllllllllfllillllllllllllllllllllllllHlHllllllllllHllllHlllllE GETTING THE MOST FROM THE - GRANGE RALLY. lllllllllllllllllllllllll llIlllllllllllllllllllllllll The Grange Rally is as old as the Order under whose auspices it is held. Most of us think of it as an opportu- nity for a good time, a chance to meet our friends who live in adjoining neighborhoods. This it should be and we can hardly magnify the social priv- ileges of such a meeting. It is a great misfortune to be so engrossed in bus- iness, so weighed down with care, or even so much in earnest about the welfare of a particular organization, that we forget our friends. The Grange Rally should afford a chance to meet old friends, and to make new ones, and we should enjoy to the fullest extent its social privi- leges. But at the same time, it should be productive of other and possibly even greater results than these. It should strengthen the Grange where it is held. It should give new life to the nearby Granges whose members attend, and the program and the ad- dress at the meeting should be such as to enthuse all who listen or take part, with a greater interest in Grange Work. Not because it is Grange work, but because it is work that needs to be done. The Grange Rally has not quite answered its purpose unless the peo- ple who attend go home with a larger vision of life. The people should be able to go home from a Grange Rally rested, happy in memory cf the old associa- tions renewed, and the new friend- ships formed, but they should also be given something new to think about. Old truths should have been given a new setting, and some new truth should have been grasped. Above all, there should have been something in the program of the, day to tou'ch their hearts. A song, a read- ing, or an address that simply im- presses you as a great effort, that ap- peals to you only to make you think of the performer, and ask, “How could he do that?” counts for but little af- ter all. The things that get hold of people’s hearts, and influence their lives are the truly great things. In order to get the most out of the rally, preparation for it must not be neglected. It is not too soon to plan for it several weeks ahead. The rally may be held by a Pomona or by a sub- ordinate Gramge or through the union of several Granges. It does not mat- ter so much how this is done, but if it is to be a success, two or three things must always be remembered. The rally management should resolve at the beginning, to make the meeting a success. A good local program should be arranged. The length of this pro- gram should depend on the time at the disposal of the people on the day of the meeting. If there is to be 9. ball game that will shorten the time. If the people can not get out in time for any exercises in the forenoon, that will make a difference also, and in that case the local program must needs be shortened. But in any event, I would have some program. I would endeavor to provide some good sing. ing, and if it were possible, a. band should be secured. (Continued next week). GRANGES ORGANIZED. .—————l The number of Granges organized from April 1, 1915, to June 30, 1915, both inclusive. is as follows: Organized: California 2; Colorado 10; Connecticut 1; Illinois 1; Indiana 5; Iowa 5; Kansas. 19; Maryland 4; Massachusetts 1; Michigan 10; Minne- sota 2; Missouri 1; Montana 1; Ne- braskalo: North Dakota 2;, New York 5; Ohio 18; Oregon 5; Pennsylvania 15: South Dakota '7: Washington 4: West Virginia 1: Wisconsin-4; Wy- oming 2. Total 135. THE MICHIGAN FARMER =[IE]llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllfi llllllllll lllllll l—ElllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllllllllllllllllllllllllli‘j OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSO- CIATION OF FARMERS’ CLUBS. President—R. J. Robb, ‘Mason. Vice-president—C. J. Reed, Spring Arbor. Secretary and Treasurer—Mrs. J. S. Brown, Howell. Directors—Alfred Allen, Mason; Jos- eph Harmon, Battle Creek; C. B. Scul- ly, Almont; C. T. Hamline, Alma; W. K. Crafts, Grass Lake; Edward Burke, St. Johns. Address all communications relative to the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. J. S. Brown, Howell, Mich. Associational Motto: “The skillful hand with cultured mind is the farmer’s most valuable Associational Sentiment: “The Farmer: He garners from the soil the primal wealth of nations." PRIZE CLUB SONGS. Prizes have been awarded in the competition for songs to be used by the Farmers’ Clubs of Minnesota, held under the supervision of the Agricul- tural Extension Division of the Univer- sity of Minnesota. The first prize of $10 was given to Mrs. James M. At- cherson, of the Medo Farmers’ Club, Mapleton, Minnesota, for “Minnesota Farmers’ Club Song,” and the second price of $5 to Bert Amidon, of the Six Oaks—Pleasant Valley Farmers’ Club, Plainview, Minnesota, for “The Jolly Farmers’ Club.” The first prize‘ song is sung to the tune of “Auld Lang Syne," and the second to the tune of “Yankee Doodle.” The two songs fol- low: Minnesota State Farmers’ Club Song. VVe’re sons and daughters of the soil Of this great North Star State, Where agriculture reigns supreme And men co—operate; A people born with wondrous power That bids us onward move; Co—operation is our theme, Our Slogan—“To improve.” CHORUS. Oh, Minnesota, State so dear! Let high our anthem soar, The Farmers’ Clubs unite to sing Thy praises evermore. We share whatever we have learned With forward moving men, Who give us of their ripened thought, That we may learn of them. Improvement grows from year to year Along the farming line; For better methods—higher aims, Our forces we combine. We love the country made by God, Its homes made fair by man; We claim with pride our sturdy sons Who boast the cheek of tan; We love our homes wherein we dwell, Our farms on which we toil; We’ll raise the best crops in the land From Minnesota soil. (To be continued). CLUB DISCUSSIONS. Will Hold August Picnic.—The VVells-Dayton Farmers’ Club met in July at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Hunt, in Dayton. The weath- er man seems to have a grudge against the Club and brings copious showers the first Wednesday of the month. However, the Club members are not frightened at a rain and there was a large‘ attendance. An excellent program was furnished‘by Miss Della Hunt, the first number being a paper by Mrs. G. L. Spencer. Jas. Weeden gave a talk on rock phosphate, and quoted prices by the car. As the Club picnics next month there was a vote taken as to where it would be held and the majority wanted it in Mrs. George‘ Banghart’s grove, where they will be games and speaking. Mrs. Myrtie Chatterson furnished a fine supper which all enjoyed. It was vot- ed at the Club previous to have warm suppers during the summer and all seemed to be much in favor of same. Picnic day willbe August 4.—Mrs. S. G. Ross, Cor. Sec. Another Picnic.———The South Avon Farmers’ Club, of Oakland county, will hold their annual picnic, Saturday, August 7, at “The Oasis,” the home of A.’ F’. Ladd, two miles south and east 'of Rochester. Dinner at noon, followed by sports—Committee. Farmers’ Clubs: ' "No "at Ten Steep No Saul To. Dun“ Model 3‘ Vacuum Fuel System. Such smoothness and quietness and such power and flexibility as you never dreamed of getting in any “Four” are revealed in this new long- stroke, high-duty, balanced motor. Vibrationless fl _5_§ Miles! Drive 55 miles an hour with this car and to your astonishment you will experience no motor vibration. You will discover also that there is lc:s wear and tear on this new high duty motor, even at this tremen- dous speed, than on ordinary fours at twenty—five miles, because of the perfect balance and lightness of all reciprocating $1 1 95 Our new model “348,” duty, type motor as the power and lack of vibration. Seats five parts. “Balance” will have an entirely New Light-Weight “Eight” ‘- eight cylinders, has the same long stroke, high- four. But it’s an eight with all the ad- vantages of the eight—continuous flow of comfortably. ‘Wheelbase 112 inches. Completely equipped $1195. of getting in instant touch with the JACKSON AUTOMOBILE Co.. 1 New Jackson Model “34"—-112 inch wheelbase; 32 x 4' tires—fully equipped, including one-man top, electric lighting and starting system, and Stewart $985 _ New Model “34” Jackson a “Four” of Amazing Flexibility new meaning for you when you have rid- den in a Jackson “34”. Model “34” fairly eats its way through sandy roads and climbs up hills that would stall an ordinary four or six. It gives an entirely new value to four cylinder motor construction. Wonderfully Easy Riding. because we use four full elliptic Springs. You‘ll never know how easy riding the Jackson is till you’ve ridden in a Jackson. Of course, Model “34" issturdy, powerful, dependable, reliable, and durable, because it is a Jackson—dwith fourteen years' success back of it. Completely equipped $985.00. Seven-Passenger “Eight” Model “68"eight cylin- der, family touring car DeLuxe. In every respect 68 equal to any eight at any price—and be- cause of Jackson experience and efficiency comes to you completely equipped. 124 inch wheel base, 34 x 4% tires, $1685 ,' The immediate and urgent demand for all Jackson models suggests the wisdom Jackson dealer to ensure early delivery. 508 East Main St., Jackson, Mich. Jackson Automobile Co., 978 Woodward Ave., Detroit, Mich. NEW CENTURY FLOUR More and Better Bread— r light. dainty and delicious— :is always easily baked with NEW CENTURY FLOUR Milled exclusively from best grade Hard Spring Wheat under most improved and sanitary conditions—— it is impossible to produce a better Hour at any cost. Yet' “New Century” costs you no more than ordinary flours. NOT BLEACHED. Insist on the sack with “Our Dainty Maid" Most Grocer: Sell It. General Sales Agents: NEW CENTURY (10., Detroit With Branches at BAY CITY GRAND RAPIDS SAGINAW l’()lt’l‘ HURON Comb Foundatlons, Smokers, etc. Send for catalog A. Thorough bred Italian been and queens. Ask for catalog B. BEE “IVES. SECTIONS, BERRY BASKETS MID M. H. HUNT 8- SON, Box 525, LANSING, MIC". 16 QUART CRATES. Both wood and paper baskets. 200_waxlmed paper baskets post- paid In Isl: and 2nd zones for $1. Ask for catalog 0. (Boston Garter $46 W The Standard for men PAD, CORD AND NEVERBIND Of your Dealer or by Mail on receipt of price GEORGE IIOIT 00- BOSTON, U.S.A. WANTED AN lDEA. Who canthlnk of simple - thing to patent? Protect {10" ideas. “10qu bring on wealth. Write for ceded Invent ons‘ and ow to get your Patent and Your Money.’ RANDOLPH CO . PATENT ATTORNEYS. DEPT. 6?. WASHINGTON. D. O. Will And kill! fill flies. Neat, clean. or- namental, convenient. cheap. Lento all lesson Made of metal, can't spill or tip over; will not soil or injure anything. Guaranteed efl’ecdve. gold by Deniers or is sent prepaid [or II. mom wuss. 150 m ‘70.. Brooklyn, I. I. PAINT, $1.25 GAL. High-Grade Guaranteed. Sells elsewhere now (or $2.25. PAINT WAREHOUSE. 352 Beaublen. Detroit. Mich. l DAISY FLY KILLER .1... «Mm.» . '~ , is Always mention the Michigan Farmer - when writing to advertisers. '92—'12 lfil L filllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllll MWWlllllflMflflWH/HflflllllllHlllllllliilllllilliHHilllliltlllllllilllllllllIllllll|Ilfllllillfllllllll||HIllllllllillllllllllflllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllllllllllllllflllllll Farm Commerce. ‘llllllllllllllllIllIlllllll|IIllllllllllllllilllllllllflllll|IllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llilllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHllllllllHHllllllllllllllllllll ” THE MICHIGAN FAR'MER. Mimi Eflllllllllllllllllllllllill A Farmers’ Mutual Market By ISAAC MOTES - HAT farmers can do if domi- 'nated by the get-together spirit may be seen in St. Louis, where a great mutual market is being established by the St. Louis County Farm and Market Bureau and the Consumers’ League. Two city lots containing eight acres have been purchased, with important streets on four sides, and street car lines on three sides. It is 781 feet long and 446 feet wide. The company owning the land and the market house is the St. Louis County Producers’ Market Company, composed of farmers and market gardeners, and most of the stock is owned by farmers and gar- deners. The market will be in every sense a mutual market, where producers will sell direct to consumers, also to gro- cers, butchers, hucksters, peddlers, commission houses and canning and preserving companies which will take care of the perishable surplus pro- ducts. Plan is Comprehensive. A private street is to be cut through the center of the ~block east and west. The plan is to locate the market house on the southwest corner of the block, and to have a row of probably 35 com- mission houses along the north side of the block. In the market house will be located stands for butchers, gro- cers, poultry dealers and for all kinds of supplies. Space for 762 farmers is provided in' the plans, each given a stand 8x23 feet for his team and wagon. Private streets and granitoid walks are laid out through the tract from north to south. Wagons can be driven into the center street and backed to the walk, so buyers may approach the rear of the wagons. There will be a large entrance to the market house from the street south of the block. This will lead into a rotunda around a bunch of booths for refreshments, flowers and fruits. Two long corridors will lead out from the market house, one along the west street and another along the south street, connecting with the two cor- ners of the market house and extend- ing to the northwest and the south- east corners of the blOCk. In these corridors will be grouped booths for all sorts of supplies. Humanity Side Not Forgotten. In the basement will be a monster restaurant serving food at a wide range of prices, to suit the tastes and pocket books of different patrons. In the basement will also be the refrig- erating, lighting and heating plants, also incinerating boilers to consume the refuse of the entire market. On the second floor will be a large mod- ern rest room for women and children, a smoking-room for men, and about five offices. A number of’commission firms will be formed among the farm- ers interested in the market. At this market the housewives of St. Louis will be able to buy and car- ry away in their baskets everything needed for the household without leav- ing the enclosure. Farmers Crowded from Other Markets. A location was chosen which is ac- cessible from every part of the city for a five-cent carfare, with universal transfers. It is near the center of the West End residence section, on three car lines, and within easy distance of railroads entering the city from the west. It is also three or four miles from any other market in St. Louis, and much nearer the producers than any present market. The St. Louis county farmers and gardeners thus have their own market house, with shipping facilities. There are already five markets in St. Louis, but they, are mainly in the eastern part of the city, and there is no room at any of them for farmers’ wagons, or where farm- ers can come and sell their own pro- duce to consumers. If St. Louis with its 800,000 people can support six markets, a city of 125,- 000 or 135,000 should support one. In fact, every city and large town should have its farmers’ mutual market where farmers could come and sell their produce direct to consumers, rather than to commission men, retail grocers and hucksters. Farmers would then get more for their stuff, and at the same time enable consumers to get it while fresh, and at a lower price, which would benefit the farmer, for it would allow consumers to buy more and better food for a given amount of money. Market Should Attract the Consumer. Every small city could support a farmers’ mutual market established on the plan of the one at St. Louis, where housewives could go or send their ser- vants, husbands or sons with market baskets to buy provisions, vegetables and fruit. Such a market in a small city would probably pay better in pro- portion to size than one in aglarge city, for in the small city there is not as much foolish pride among men and women as in the large city with its near-rich people, who would rather ’phone their orders for groceries and have them delivered than take their baskets and go to market themselves. Such markets would tend to carry us back to the good old democratic days when our great men took their bas- kets and went to market before break- fast to purchase the family supplies, bringing the food back themselves. And such a market need not be in the business center of the city. It should be in the thick of the residence place under the market sheds or in the protected corridors for his wagon and team in the early morning where he could sell his fresh produce to ac- tual consumers and hucksters. as long as this trade lasted, disposing of the remainder, if any, to local grocers, markets, commission houses, canning and preserving factories. SELLING APPLES BY AUCTION. We note with a great deal of inter- est the action of the New York De- partment of Foods and Markets in the establishing of an auction to. sell New York apples. The idea of the state undertaking a matter of this kind is unique. ,While it would require more than the ordinary prophet to tell whether the scheme is to be a success or not, it is certain that by reason of the state taking the initiative, the re- sults are certain to be more success- ful than if attempted by private «par- ties. Being under the control of a competent public official, growers will feel more safe in consigning their apples. As would be expected, the arrange- ment is being severely criticized by those interests that have heretofore made capital of the ignorance of pro- ducers on the conditions surrounding the marketing of the crops they grow. These interests seem to feel that by reason of the state entering the field, there will be greatly increased possibil- ities of the plan succeeding, which success will mean the death knell to unscrupulous buyers who have fatten- ed from unearned profits that should have gone back to the growers. Even though a comparatively small amount of apples are sold by this pub- lic auction, the plan is certain to do great good, inasmuch as the returns upon being published will compel deal- ers handling consignments of others to return to these growers equally as large returns, since all growers will be comparing notes on the new plan as soon as it is put into operation. Furthermore, the scheme will aid in enforcing the New York grading and packing law, as the consignments will go under the eye of inspectors before being sold and the shipments will be examined carefully to determine whether or not the law is being com- plied with. This will insure buyers and give them a confidence they would not have when purchasing apples from V 1' "" T ‘ .""""."! I i l i I u l If Prices are Satisfactory it is Usually Best to Draw Crops Directly from the Field to section, and if the town or city has street cars the market should be at the intersection of two or more car lines. It should be convenient to a railroad or switching track, for com- mission houses would in time be es- tablished near the market, also can- ning and preserving plants, and the nearness of the side-track would facil- itate shipping the product of these factories to out-of—town buyers. It should be easy to establish and finance such a market among the farmers, gardeners, dairymen and fruit growers nearly every small city surrounded by good agricultural coun- try. Each shareholder should have 'a. Market. private dealers, all of which should work to the advantage of the auction plan. Michigan growers should watch the scheme carefully for suggestions on improving our own apple market- ing system. ||llllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IlllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllIllll Crop and__Market Notes. Michigan. Mecosta Co., July 19.-—July has, for the most part, been verywarm, with plenty of rain. Crops are now coming along fine. About the same acreage of corn and potatoes, but more beans than usual. Rye is an unusually good crop, s well as oats. Cherries were a‘goo crop. Plums a fair prospect; JIU LY 31, 1915, some peaches .and early and fall .ap- ples but not many winter apples. Tak- en as a whole, Mecosta county will, if nothing happens, have a very good crop to harvest. Butter-fat 25c; eggs 16c; hogs 7c; veal 80. Monroe 00., July 19.——Hay harvest lls progressing slowly on account of the numerous rains that we have been having. Glover and timothy two-thirds of a crop. The two cuttings of alfal- fa has yielded well, old meadows mak- ing more than ever before. Rainy weather is retarding rye and Wheat harvest some; while the late frosts in- jured rye in the low places the yield will be good. The wheat crop is good; large heads and well filled; corn is backward and weedy, due to the con- tinued wet weather. Wool 25@300; butter-fat 23@25c; eggs 180; new po- tatoes 60@800 per bushel. Some deal- ers$1are offering to contract wheat at . Eaton Co., July 20.-——Haying is in full sway. Yield is fair in all kinds; wheat cutting has just begun. Pros- pects fair. Oats, corn and potatoes all doing fine. Plent yof rain to help them along. New seeding also look- ing good. Beans had a hard fight, with the insect, on the start, and have not made good as yet. The market prices are as follows: Wheat $1.15; 'beans $2.40; rye 90c; wool 310; but- ter-fat 26%0; hay $10@12 per ton. Nebraska. Scotts Bluff Co., July 19.—Crops are late but growing nicely; Very little small grain. First crop of alfalfa is poor. Wild hay good, pastures good. Sugar beets, though late, are growing fast. There is some blight on pota— toes. Farmers’ unions are shipping in corn, fruit and in fact about every- thing they want. Cream 24c; butter 200; eggs 15c; corn shipped in $1.35 t. . Cass Co., July 19.—Rain almost ev- ery other day, which has been delay- ing work in the field. Wheat is har- vested and oats are being cut. Second crop of alfalfa ready to cut. Corn is backward and small, doing well, but in need of cultivating. Pastures and hay fine. Potatoes above the average. Prospects for apples fair to good. Wheat 95c; corn 65c; oats 56c; hay $5; hogs $6.75; cattle $4@6; new po- tatoes $1 per bushel; butter 25c; eggs 14c; butter-fat 32c; poultry 100 per pound; broilers 200 per pound. North Dakota. Foster Co., July 19.—-Just had a fine rain; grain crops are heading and all- things are favorable for a good yield, though hail and red rust are doing some damage. Corn will not be much on account of late frosts. Hay short. Potatoes are coming on fairly well. Alfalfa doing fine. Cattle $6.50@7; hogs $6.10@6.50; butter 250; eggs 18c; butter—fat 32c; wool 22@24c. Kansas. Franklin Co., July 19.——~June was a month of floods here, having only sev- en fair days in the month. July also rainy. Most of the wheat was cut but will not yield very well. Oats looked fine, but rains and wind have blown them down so lots of fields will be a loss. Corn looks fine, but could not be cultivated much on account of rains and is weedy. Hay better than usual, but is hard to secure it dry. Eggs 13c; butter-fat 220. Lincoln Co., July 19.—This section has lots of rain, and harvesting is dif- ficult on account of the ground being so soft. Wheat is good, but dead ripe and beginning to shell badly. Second crop of alfalfa very heavy. Corn is coming in tassel. Fruit good, espe- cially apricots. Eggs 130. Barton Co., July 19.—Continued rains and wind storms have about ruined the wheat crop. Fields were so wet that horses could not pull the binder. Wheat about three-quarters cut, but some fields will not be cut. That threshed is yielding from four to 20 bushels per acre. Corn looks well where worked, but corn on bottom lands is a complete failure. Hay good but damaged by unsettled weather. Potatoes good, selling at 700; wheat $1; corn 70c; hay $6@9. Indiana. Allen Co., July 21.——By the latter part of this week farmers will begin cutting oats, which are just about ripe and prospects are for a bumper crop. The wheat crop is exceedingly large. Some corn is looking good, while some is very poor, some fields having been sown three times. New hay $8@10; corn 850; oats 350; eggs 16@17c; spring chickens 18c; dairy butter 22 @24c. Jay Co., July 19.—~Recent heavy rains have done serious damage to all crops. Corn in bottom districts has been cooked by the hot sun, corn sanded, oats flattened and so rank that most of it will spoil unless the sunshine comes to stay. There is much wheat and rye yet to cut, the crop is dead ripe, but water standing on fields makes it impossible to use machinery. Hay crop light; some mixed hay still to out. Some alfalfa spoiled in the making. Corn fields weedy, potatoes injured by the wet weather. .There was an abundance of (Continued on page 94). JULY 31, 1915. g]illllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllIlllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllllllllllllllillllllllllIllllllllllllllllEs # Pouhry. g fillilllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllllllllllllllllIIllllllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIm—Frs FATTENING POULTRY. Can you inform me how to milk-fat- ten poultry? Saginaw Co. F. W. S. The first essential in fattening fowls of any kind is to keep them confined so that they can get as little exercise as possible. 'For this purpose crates or regular fattening pens are best. These pens should be so arranged that they can be easily cleaned. In many cases the bottom is left slatted so that the soft droppings caused by the fat- tening ration will drop through and thus not soil the feet and feathers. A very good crate for fattening purposes ‘was advertised in our columns last week. The following method of fattening in which milk is used will give satis- factory results: A mash consisting of four parts of corn meal, two parts wheat middlings and one part beef scraps, should be wetted with skim- milk until it is thin enough to run from a spoon, should be fed to the chickens in troughs. They should be allowed to eat as much of this mash as they will. In addition to this they should be given all the water they will drink, and a plentiful supply of green food. This method produces a very fine, soft sweet meat. In commercial milk fattening plants buttermilk is used in cimbination with. ground feed similar to the above method, but the farmer will generally find it more convenient to use skim- milk. In following this method of fatten- ing, on account of the soft mash food’s liability to contamination, care should be taken to keep everything clean and sanitary. The troughs and dishes should be scalded after each feeding, and the pens should also be kept well cleaned. Many poultry ~raisers do not like the milk feeding method or the forced feeding system, as they believe just as good results can be had with less trou- ble and less danger of contamination. Some just confine their fowls and greatly increase the corn in the regu- lar ration fed and almost entirely feed them corn during the last week. One prominentt poultryman fattens his cockerels by separating them from the rest of the flock_ and feeding them a. grain mixture in the'morning of two parts cracked corn and one of wheat. They are given all of this mixture on a floor free of litter. At one o'clock they are given a bountiful supply of green food, and at 3:30 the mash box- es are filled with a mash made as fol- lows: Wheat bran eight parts, ground oats four parts, wheat middlings one part, oil meal one part, gluten meal one part, corn meal six parts, and green cut bone 16 parts. The mash is What he feeds his laying pullets plus a lot of corn meal. ‘TO CONTROL MITES. In spite of all vigilance, the lice in- creased and nearly carried away my chicken coop, until I was advised to try common crude oil, so I purchased a gallon of the vile smelling stuff from one of the big shops in our city, also purchased a two-quart pail and a cheap paint brush. I thoroughly smeared the perches and supports with the oil, taking pains to get it into all cracks and crevices, painted the nesting boxes, and any other place where the lice abounded. I repeated the operation in a week, again in a month, and after that only every month or 80—21 little oftener in sum- mer than in cold weather There has not been a mite in my chicken house since then. The crude oil costs only ten cents per gallon and can be used very freely. and ‘I know of no harmful» results from itsuse. , SUBSCRIBER. THE MICHIGAN FAR'MER .l-‘ariuers’ Sanitary Two-Deck Feeding and Delivery Poultry Coop For Delivering and Feedin ; Two Coops in One; Will Last a Li 0 Time; Strong and Durable. The farmers are losing several millions an- nually in the United States alone, by not having their poultry properly fattened at selling time. By pur- chasing at a small cost and using the Sanitary Coop, you turn thisloss into a big profit. Pack- ing houses and feeders A are taking advantage of your oversight. and witn milk and grain feeding they are get- ting 20 or 25 per cent _ gain in 10 to 12 days' time. The United States ox‘rerimenta Elve even a greater gain than the above. on have the advantage of raisin your own food: why not take it? Endo by the lchigan Agricultural College. Swift it 00.. and feeder- genora ly. Formula for milk and grain feeding and other valuable information on general foedin and care of poultry. furnished free to users of the anitary Coops. Write for circular- and prices. TIE DANLEY SANITARY II’G. (30.. Si. Johns. Ilcli (Patented) LILLIE’S SPECIAL BRANDS BUT F All) FERTILIZER Made from best material. Always reliable. Lime. Potash. Acid Phosphate. Nitrate of Soda. Agents wanted in unoccupied territory. Ship di- rect to farmers in earlote. Fertilizer u “ answered and farm soil surveys made on request. Colon C. Lillie. Sales Agt. Coopersvillc, Mich. BREEDEIS’ DIRECTIIIIT. POULTRY. BARRED PLY. ROCKS First prize winners at Chicago, Cincinnati. Indian spoils, etc. Eggs from fine Utility Matings that are bred to lay. $1.50 per 15, $4 per 50. “680: 100. From best exhibition as SIO per 1.5. $25 er . . Prompt delivery and good atch guaranteed. . Earl Hoover. R.7. Matthewand. Hens $1.50 each. eggs with the kick in Ballad flock them 15 for 31.25. 100 36, baby chicks mo 315. W. C. COFFMAN. R. No. 6. Benton Harbor,Mich. -—8tart right with your Barred’s BIITCd IIOGN Eggs with eggs from a pen direct from Bradley Bros. Yards. A. A. Pattullo. Decker-ville. Mich ARRED Rocxs.‘ Parks ZOO-Egg strain. A strain B with Egg records to 271 eggs :1 year. £1.50 per 15. Delivered by Parcel Post. Fred Astling, ConrtantineJllich. B i‘ n ks 3out of 4 first: Chicago, 19”. Eggs bal. of ‘1 0c 9 Season 3L50—15: 56-100. S. C. Bufi Leg- horn eggs 31-15; 35-100. Pen of l2 Bufl Leghorn: 310. 20 Buzf Rock Hens. 75 cents to 32.50. including Chicago and Minne- apolis first prize winners. Bird Lawn Farm. Lawrence. Mich. ATE SEASON PRICES on R. C and S. C. Rhode Island Red eggs from fine stock. Si per 15. delivered at your door by insured parcel post. JENNIE HUI-ILL, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 0W is your opportunity to get eggs from my No. 1 pens of Barred lioc s. . . Hamburgs. Ii. 0. White Leghorns at $1 r setting for the next three weeks. BIVEBVIE FARM. ILB. Vassar, Mich. ' ' ' —Splondid early hatched PIHCOICSIWLIICOIPIIIEIQIIS cockerels andfiluetg. Belgian hares and Collie puppies. MRS. LL18 HOUGH. Pine Crest Farm. Royal Oak. Michigan. INGLET BARRED ROCKS—the winning and laying strain. Eggs $1.69 per 15, from mated pens also M. B. Turkey eggs trom choice birds, $2.50 per 10. Charges nre aid by nrcel post. PLAINVIEW 81‘ K FA M. Romeo.Mlchlgan RHODE ISLAND REDS and PLYMOU TH ROCKS. Males 5 to 12 lbs. according to ageS? to-Qb: P. R. hens weight5to 9% lbs.. eggs 15 for 81.00: P. R. eggsss per 1(1). Mammoth Bronze Tom Turkeys. 8 to 3mm. according to age 88 to 825, 10 888! 33. A. E. Cramp ton, Vassar. Mich ROSE COMB BROWN LEGHORN EGGS from Mad. Bq. winners. $1.00 per setting, $5.“) per 100. M. Pekin ducks 81.0) per setting. CLAUDIA BETTS. Hillodele. Michigan. ALEORPINGTON Cockerels—IZ wks. 81; 8 wks. 75c 8 wire. pen, 8pullets. 1 oocherel 310. S. 0. Keller etrass. white. M. E. Thompson. Redford. Michigan. Single Comb White Leghorn Yearling liens For Sale To make room for young stock we other 800 yearling S. C. \Vhite Leghorn hens for sale at bargain prices. These birds are the pick of , our breeding flock, in vigor, size and egg production. Seventy- five cents in orders of 100 or more. Eighty cents in orders of fifty and $1.00 for orders of twenty-five and less. Refer- ence supplied on quality of stock. We guarantee satisfaction on every shipment. KRENTEL BR08., East Lansing, Mich. Slaughter Sale of Barred 8 White Racks Cocks $3.00 to $5.00. Hens $1.00 to 33.“). Young stock after September let. Rivervicw Poultry Farm. Box 798. Union, City. Mich. ' breeding cockerels and year- s. c. 'IIIle billion“. ling hens for sale. Also young white Pekin breeding ducks and drakes. Write for prices. Sunnyhrook Poultry Farm. R. 3. Hillsdale. Mich. ILYER Laced Golden and White Wyandotte Eggs for hatch- ing. Ton cents each or 80 for 32.50. I pay urcol post charges. C. W. BROWNING. Portland, ichigen. - —500 {0:15. $4.00: 100. M. t IIIIIIO Wyandofio [#3 best pens $2.00 $15. 33.7? (‘2‘; 30. DAVID RAY. .ForestAve., Ypsilanti. Mich. hite P. Rocks. Pekin and white runner ducks. “'hite guinoas, eggs and day old ducks and chicks, H. V. HOSTETLER. St. Johns. Michigan. DOGS. FOX. 000". 8K0“ III] IliIIBII HOUIIIIS Broke to gun and field. Prices right. For and Coon hound pups *5 ouch. tan!) or reply. H. C. LY'I‘LE, Frederickshurg. Ohio. ' Thoroughbred Scotch Collie pup. sable and "I'll. [pica good healers: males 86 00. (’6. males 84.00. G. . JONES. Sherwood. Michigan ' ' —30 F d C h d Iramedllunmng Fox Hound: .npé’,‘ the?“ 323.1 stamp. W. E. LECKY. Holmeoviilo. Ohio. OR SALE—Collie puppies. pedigreed. beautiful in- Fiolligent.best stock and watch dogs—female. 35. males .10. WALTER STANFIELD. "Brookdale Farm". Hillsdale. lich. FCII Sale—4Regioterod Scotch Colli . Quick tolearn, can he taught anythin . Pupp be. older stock. Prices cheep. (mam). do» Eidrod. 01mm. men. CATTLE. Having sold my farm I will sell at auction, two miles north of Royal Oak, on Rochester stone road Z mile east of Starr’s corners on Rochester car line on Aug usi Blh, 19I5, commencing at 12 o’clock M. sharp. lwenly Head Registered Bows and calves Bull Troy Fountain Spring DeKol, one year and six months old. Herd Bull Sir J arie of Royal oak, three years old. Three heavy teams of young horses and a full line of farm implements. M. H. BLUNT PETER HACKER Auct. Prop GEORGE SCOTT Clerk ABERDEEN ANGUS If you are in need of‘an extra good bull or a few choice young cows or heifers. we have them for Sale. Our herd is headed by the Grand Champion Black Monarch 3rd We invite you to come to our Farm and see them. They are bred right and priced right. U. L. Clark. Hunters Creek. Mich. Sidney Smith.Mgr. ABERDEEN-ANGUS RI) ESTABLISHED IN 1900. TROJAN-EMICAS and BLACKBIRDSonIy. A few young bulls and cows for sale Also breeders of Percheron. Hackney and Saddle Horses. OODCO'I'E STOCK FARM. Ionia. Mich. ‘YflsmBEs—One of the foremost dairy breeds. The most economical milk roducere. Calves for sale. _ White Leghorn cockere s; Duroo Jersey swmc. Michigan School for the Deaf. Flint.Michigan. THE VILLAGE FARM, Grass Lake, Michigan, GUERNSEY CATTLE. MILO D. CAMPBELL CHAS. J. ANG EVINE BEACH FARM GUERNSEYS .Combine the blood of the following greet producing sires and dams :-—- Masher Sequel - - - 67 A. R. Daughters Galaxy's Sequel - - 37 . R. ” Glenwood Boy of Haddcn 26 A. R. “ May Rose Kin - 21 A. B. " Dairymaid of ginehurst - - 910 lbs. fat Dolly Bloom - - - - - “ “ Imp. Itchen Daisy - - - - 714 " " Selma of Pinehumt . - - 762 ” ” Stanford's Princess - 725 “ “ Bulls for sale only: A Dairy Show Every Day. GAMPBELL &. ANGEVIIIE, Goldwater, Mich. GUERNSEY BARGAIN. Two bred heifers. Two mature cows (one fresh). One bull ready for service. A. R. breeding. G. A. WIGENT. Watervliet. Mich For Sale—Beg. Guernsey Dalila SWINggggg-gf JOHN EB LS. R. 10. Holland, Michigan. G U E R N 3 BY Shiiiéifilfiic’é Containing blood of world champions. HICKS' GUERNSEY FARM. Saginaw, W, 8.. Mich. GUERNSEYS—Write for prices and particulars. 2 bullel year old. Several bull calves. all from A. H cows and cows on test. Geo. N.Crawford, Holton, Mich. GUERNSEY BULIS FOR QALI-I. ready for service from A. R. Dams. If you want the right kind write for price and braiding. Ill'lall’ibI A: BARNES BROS., Coldwntu‘, Michigan H ER EF 0 RD S ; 223?; is: .3332. “if; fellows. .ALLEN BROS. Paw Paw. Michigan. Do You Want A Bull? Ready For Service. From a grand daughter of The King of the Pontim. Hired by a bull that is more than a half brother to the Champion Holstein Cow of the World. and whose dam is a 30 lb. 6% 5 fat daughter of Pontiac Aggie Korndyke who has more 30 lb. daughters than any other living bull. If you do write for pedigree. EDWIN S. LEWIS, Marshall, Mich. Espanore Farm, LANSING. MICHIGAN. Home of the great Holstein bull “Pledge Spofford Calamity Paul"—sire of a 2911b. cow and three over 3i) lbs. If you are looking for a bull calf of this kind of .breeding write for prices and ped- igrees. CHASE S. OSBORN. I O ADAM E. FERGUSON. wners. I 4-YEAII-0LD BIILL by a ill-lb. son of Pontiac Korndyke. and out of 27-11). dun. 2 two—year-old and three yearling bulls. The abov’o bullu have brooding and individuality to spare. Also a few richly bred bull calves. Them will be priced right. This is a chance to get a valuable bull for little money. Get busy. as this ad. will appear but twice. . ' . I... E. CONNELL. Fayette. Ohio. 13—93 The Two Greatest Bulls KING (IF THE PONTIACS DE Kill. 2d’s BUTTER BOY 3rd Ihave young bulls from cows having hi h official records and Granddaughtors of above bul a. Stock extra good. Prices BIGELCW’S ~'°ii°6i‘.’§'rrm FARMS. BREEDSVILLE. MICE. HATCH HERD YPSILANTI, MICHIGAN Registered Holstein-Friesian sires, randeon'e of World‘s greatest dairy sire. out of 0 nice A. Ii. 0. dams and King Pontiac Jewel Korndyke; Brother of K. P. Pontiac Lass 44.15: average record of in his pedigree 31.25 in7 days: average per cent of fat t‘hree nearest dams 4 3'1; of is own dam 4.93 Sires in first three generntions already have over 600 A. R. 0. daughters. A few females bred to “King". Prices reasonable. , EGISTERED Holsteins—Hard headed by Alhma Bouts Butter Buy. Ilisllam has A.li.0. records as follows: at 2 yrs. milk 430, hut or 18.85; 4 yrs. milk 604.8. butter 27.03; at 6 fl. milk 620, butter 28.55 lbs. w. B. READER, HOV/ally. Mich. W0 well-bred Holstein bulls. 8 and 16 mos. old.frcm A. H. O. dame. each. Also splendid brown gelding. 14 mos. old. Mrs. Fred Crandal. Howell. Michigan_ S100 Gets 5 mo. )6 white grandson of Friend Hengerveld Do Kol & Maplecrut Pontiac Flora Hui-tog. 30H». butter 7 days. 1232 lbs. in 1 yr. M. L. McLAULlN, Redford. Mich. Fun SALE—REGISTERED HOLSTEIN BULL born Feb. 26. 1915. Mostly white. Dam has A. R. 0. record, also Chester White Pigs. CHARLES I. COOK. Box 438. Fowlerville. Michigan. REG. HOLSTEIN BULL CALVES good A. R. O. breeding. and plenty of 30-lb. blood in their pedigrees. Dewey C. Pierson. Hadley. Mich. HOBART W. FAY Holstein-Friesian Cattle. MASON, MICHIGAN. Established 1910 High Class HOLSTEINShl‘fidd is headed by Smithdale Alcartra Pontiac. whose dam is the famous Alcartra P olkadot. Have few young bulls anfd females for salt;r at reasonablebrrrécr? Wt}? Day a ew heifers about .1 men e. no re . arm in e from court house. SETH 13- l‘UHEKT. Howell. Mich, FOR SALE Registered Holstein Bulls ready for service. and bull calves. also females. FREEMAN J. FISHBECK. Howell, Michigan. HOIITEIII Billl OILVE8—3.?“stl‘tii‘tltt'rlgi‘iSETS Michigan. Long Beach Farm. Augusta. Kalamazoo (‘0..lliich. HCLSTEIN CATTLE and Duroc Jersey Swine. Choice pics of both sex now ready to shi . Prices reasonable. E. R. CORNELL. Howell. lirfichigan. Mliillliiill1L IIOIIE IIIII IIIIIIIIIIi SBIIIIIII APEER. MICHIGAN Breeder of High Grade Holstein Cattle. prices upon application. IIOISTEIN CATTLE and 0. I. C. SWINE ELMER E. SMITH. Redford. Michigan. Lists and Holstem-Fnesnan Breeder‘fié‘: “biz”. 3:2,: represented. I). D. AII‘KEN. Flint. Michigan. NIXON FARMS Brooklyn, Mich. Have Some Registered Jerseys For Sale. Maple Lane llegisterof Merit Jersey Herd. Tuber. culin tested by U. S. Government. For sale bull calves and heifer calves from R. of M. dams and grand dams. and Hood Farm Sire. IBVIN FOX. Allegan. Michigan. THE WILDWOOD JERSEY HERD Registered Jersey Cattle of Quality. Tuberculin tested. Majesty's Wonder No. 9(l’ll7 heads the herd. Bull calves for sale. also a two-year-old bull that is right. For prices and description write or come. ALVIN BALDEN, Coptic, St. Clair 00.. Michigan. illlc Farmstead Jersey Cattle. Bull calves from R. J of M. Cows, also heifer calves and several bred heifers for sale. Colon C. Lillie. Coopersville. Mich‘ erseys. Bulls ready for service. extra uality sired by Jacoba's Falry Emanon, No. 1071]}, from high producing dams. SMITH A; PARKER, Howell.Mich. JERSEYS—THE REGISTER OF IIEIIII KIIIII. I BHOCKVVATER FARM. It. No. 7. Ann Arbor, Mich. I ' from high-product d ' Jarsey Bulls Ior sale testing Asso. reconrflsfglls'sglotl: SGmI-OlfiUlal test. 0. B. Wehner, R. 6. Allegan. Mich F ISHERTON FARM JERSEYS‘Sme fine re d Hood‘ll‘arm Pogis' 9th., from Register offi’leil‘litsgllisig? DISHEK I'UN FARM. Pontiac. Michigan. BIDWELL SHORTI‘IORNS For "Beef and Milk" Registered Bulls, Cows and heifers Scotch-top- ped roans. reds and white for sale. Farm at L. 8.61 M. 8. De ot. also D. '1‘. & I. N'y. BIDWEIJ. STOCK FARM Box B, Tecumseh. Mich_ Albion Stamp 352670 Shorlhorns For Sale, 25,22,333 "2}," “36‘ f" 3“,? w. B. McOUILLAN. Chilson, Liv. Co., Michigan; ~TWO BU IIIIIIIIG SIIIIIIIIIIIIIIS old. §%3.13§si'5‘6’.nth' DAVIDSON‘ HALL, Tecumseh. Michigan. Shorthom Cattle oi both Sex lor Sale W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan. ——Dairy or beef bred. Breeding stock all shadhom: ages for sale at farmers prices. 0. w. Crum. Socy. Cant. Mich. Shcrihorn Breedou' AlBll.. chride. Mich. f 8 too St I Y Dairy Bred thorium: at“... 7 amass... 23.1? Price 8100 each. J. B. HUMMEL. Macon. Mich. Breeders’ Directory—Continued on page” 94—14 THE MICHIGAN FA/RM‘ER JULY 31, 1915'. Fifi |lllllllllIll|l|lllIlllllllIIllll|lllIll||llllllllIlllllllllllllllll|illlllllIIIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfil Markets. llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IllIllllllllIllIlllIllIllllIllll||llHIIllllIlllIllllllllllllllllfllllllllllllfi WEATH ER FOR ECAST. lllllllllllIllllllllllllllllll a BeginningJuly 28, for the region of the Great Lakes. Overcast showery weather the first half will be followed by generally fair weather the latter half of the week. Temperatures will average near or uslightly below the normal. GRAINS AND SEEDS. July 27, 1915. Wheat—The market has been var- iable during the week. Bad weather for harvesting and a good foreign de- mand caused an advance early in the week but the report of the sinking of the Leelanaw, an American ship, by a German submarine caused heavy selling and a decline. The decline was checked, however, whenthe foreign markets failed to follow the American decline. The market gained further advances through reports of black rust from the West and the prompt absorp- tion of the light offerings. New wheat reaching the market in poor condi- tion; it is damp. One year ago No. 2 red wheat was quoted at 86%c per bushel. Quotations for the past week are as follows: No. 2 No. 1 Red. White. Sept. Wednesday . . . . .1.12 1.10 1.06% Thursday . . . .1.10 1.08 1.06% Friday . . . . . . . 1.11 1.09 1.07% Saturday . . . . . . .1.14 1.12 1.11 Monday . . . . .1.12 1.10 1.09 Tuesday ....... 1.12% 1.10% 1.10 Chicago—July wheat $1.11; Sept. $1.06 %. Corn.———This grain was generally quiet during the week. What fluctu- ations there have been in prices came about chiefly through sympathy with wheat. There is no change in crop conditions and the offerings on the market have been light as has also been the demand. One year ago No. 3 corn was quoted at 75c per bushel. Quotations for the past week are as follows: No. 3 No. 3 Mixed. Yellow. Wednesday 0 I C O I O O ' C 80 1/2 81 1A ThurSda/y GOOJOOOOOI. 80% 81% Friday .81 82 Saturday ....... . . . . "82 83 Monday ............. 82 83 Tuesday ............ 82% 83 % Chicago—July corn 78 %c; Sept. 74%30. 0ats.—T-he seaboard demand for this grain has kept it firm. The de- mand is greater than the supply and the general trend of prices has been upward One-year ago the price of standard oats was 40c. Quotations for the past week are as follows: No. 3 Standard. White. Wednesday . . . . ..... 56% 56 Thursday . . . . . . . 57 56% Friday .. 58 57% Saturday 59 ‘ 58% Monday 59 58% Tuesday ........ . . . . . . 59 58% Chicago.—July oats 517/30; Sept. 37%0. Rye—This grain is steady at an 'ad- vance of 2c over .last week’s price. Cash No. 2 is quoted at $1 per bushel; August 960. , . Beans.-—-The demand for beans is light; prices are 100 lower than last week. . Detroit quotations are: Cash $2.70; August $2.80. Chicago trade is quiet and steady. Pea beans, hand- picked; choice, are quoted at '$2.82@ 3; common $2.62@2.80; red kidneys $3.25@3.50. Clover Seed—Prime spot $7.90; Oc- tober $8.20; alsike $8.65. Timothy Seed—Prime spot $2.75. DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS. Butter.—Market is easy on account of heavy offerings. Prices unchanged. Extra creamery 25c; firsts 24c; dairy 210; packing stock 18c. E1gin.—~Market is steady at a de- cline of %c under last week. While re- ceipts are not as large as heretofore they are in excess of same time last year. Quotations for the week 24%0 per pound. Chicago.—~The market is easy at current quotations which are slightly lower than last week. Demand good but medium grades sell best. Extra creamery 25@25%c; extra firsts 24@ 24%0; firsts 23@23%c; seconds 21% @22%c; packing stock 19@19%c. Poultry.—0fferings are very light excepting broilers which have declin- ed 3c in price. Other kinds unchang- ed. Market steady. Live—Broilers No. 1, 20@210; No. .2, 18@190;. hens 14@14%c; ducks 15@16c; geese 10 @11c. ‘ _ . ' Chicago.————Market IS firm at prices slightly higher than last week. “ -The supply and demand are good. Fowls, good weights 13 %c; spring chickens 18 @20c; ducks 130; young ducks 14@ 15c; geese 8@9c; spring geese 12%@ 14c; guinea hens $2.75@3 per dozen. Eggs.—Market steady and consump- tion active. Prices lower. Fresh stock sells at 170 per dozen. Chicago-Market is firm with no change in prices. Trade is good for fresh stock. Miscellaneous lots, cases included 14@17%c; ordinary firsts 16%16%c; firsts 17%@17%c. Vea|.-—Quoted steady at 13@13%c for fancy, and 10@11c for common. FLOUR AND FEEDS. FIour.——Jobbing lots in one-eighth paper sacks are selling on the Detroit market per 196 lbs., as follows: Best patent $6.50; seconds $6.20; straight $350 spring patent $7.10; rye flour Feed.——In 100-lb. sacks, jobbing lots are: Bran $25; standard middlings $29; fine middlings $32; cracked corn $28; corn and oat chop $30 per‘ton. Hay.—Market is firm. Carlots on the track at Detroit are: No. 1 tim- othy $20.50@21; standard $20@20.50; No. 2, $18.50@19; light mixed $20@ 20.50; No. 1 mixed $18@18.50; No. 1 clover $14@15. New York—Firm. Prime $26.50; No. 1, $22.50; No. 2, $24.50; shipping $20 per ton. Straw.—-Rye straw $9@9.50; wheat and oat straw $7@7.50 per ton. FRUITS AND VEGETABLES. Cherries.——ln demand at $1.25@1.35 per 16-qt. case. Chicago—Demand is moderate. Some are going into storage. Sour sell at 650@$1 per 16-qt. case; sweets $1@1.75. Raspberries.—Steady and scarce. Reds are quoted at $5@5.50 per bu; blacks at $1.75@2 per ’16-qt. case. Chicago.—--Market is steady for all kinds. Soft and mouldy hard to dis- pose of. Quotations: Blacks $1@1.40 per 16-qt. case; reds $1.25@1.75 per 24-pt. case. BIackberries.—Active at $2 per 16- qt. case. Chicago.———Market steady. Michigan dewberries sell at $1.25@1.50 per 16- qt. case; 24-qt. Indiana Eldorado are quoted at $1.50@1.65. Gooseberries.——Are selling well at $2@2.25 per bushel. Chicago—Large, sound berries are in good demand. Downings sell for $1@1.35 per 16—qt. case. $1@1.25 per 16-qt. case; @$1. Currants—Cherry currants sell well at $2.75 per bushel; smaller kinds at $2@2.25. Chicago—Demand is good for large desirable goods. Cherry currant, 16- qt. case 900@$1; others 50@65c. WOOL. others 900 Boston—The market is still display- ing great firmness but is slightly eas- ier on account of the prospective of- fering of some fleeces and territory wools. The west is being cleaned up of the new clip at prevailing prices, and more looms are getting busy. There is a shortage in Australian wool and also one in South American wools. The underlying strength of the market has inspired confidence and it is expected that the consump- tion of wool in the United States will soon become normal again and a de-, mand for clothing will be seen. Mich- igan unwashed delaines are quoted here" at 28@29c; do. combing 29@35c; do. clothing 24@30c. GRAND RAPIDS. Red raspberries are selling around- $2 per case; black caps $1.50@1.75; gooseberries and currants 80@90c; huckleberries $2.25@2.50. New pota- toes, home-grown, readily brought 600 early this week, with market-some- what firmer than a week ago when shipped-in stock was more plentiful. Wax beans are in good supply this week and both beans and peas are selling around 60c per bushel. The egg market holds steadily at 17@17%c per dozen; dairy butter 20@21c. Fowls live weight, are worth 11@120; broil‘ ers 18@20c. The local market for new red wheat, 60-lb. test, starts off at $1. LIVE STOCK MARKETS. Buffalo. July 26, 1915. (Special Report of Dunning & Stev- ens, New York Central Stock Yards, Buffalo, N. Y.) Receipts here today as follows: Cat- tle 115 cars: hogs 76d. d.; sheep and lambs 7 d. d.; calves 1000 head. With 115 cars of cattle on our mar- ket here today, all the strictly good dry-fed cattle sold 15@25c per cwt. higher than last week, but all the cat- tle that had been to grass sold just about steady with last week, in some instances no higher and then again 10c per cwt higher. . The‘mark'et 'clOsé ed early with everything sold. Again we want to caution our shippers in the country to be careful about these half- fat grass cattle, as we do not think they are going to sell any higher in the future.- Our receipts of hogs were some lighter than expected and with good demand from all sources market was anywhere from 10@25c per cwt. high- er than Saturday, the big advance be- ing on the light weights. Extreme heavy hogs sold a little higher than the close of 'last week; choice grades weighing around 300 lbs. sold at $7.75, and 240 to 250 lbs at $8@8.10; light light mixed weighing around 190 to 225 lbs. sold from $8.15@2.25; york- ers and pigs $8.30@8.35, with a feW loads of choice up to $8.40; roughs were again extremely dull, the choice kinds selling at $6.25; thin sows from $4@5; stags $5@5.50. Market closed steady on all light weights, but dull on anything heavy, and a few of the latter kinds going over unsold. The market was active today on lambs and sheep, with prices 50c high- er than the close of last week; most; of the choice lambs selling at $9.75. Look for steady prices last of week with moderate receipts. We quote: Lambs $9.25@9.75; cull to fair $7.50@9; yearlings $6.25@7.50; bucks $3@4.50; handy ewes $5.50@6; heavy ewes $4.50@5; wethers $6@ 6.75; cull sheep $3@4; veals, choice to extra $11.50@12; fair to good $8.50 @1050; heavy calves $5@8.50. Chicago. July 26, 1915. Cattle. Hogs. Sheep. Receipts today..15,000 34,000 14,000 Same day 1914. .11,813 28,206 18,315 Last week ...... 35,710 130,602 48,538 Same wk 1914...38,026 104,385 85,685 Shipments from here last week amount to 8,044 cattle, 23,692 hogs and 48,538 sheep, comparing with 13,- .566 cattle, 19,824 hogs and 11,675 sheep the corresponding week of1914. Hogs received averaged 241 lbs. Butcher cattle sold at steady. prices this morning, but steers were slow, and prospects were that while choice lots would go at no lower prices, the others would be slow and perhaps weaker. Hogs were steady. Most of the receipts in the sheep house con- s1sted of range lambs and yearlings, and owners were holding the best lambs for $8.25. Cattle were in much poorer demand than usual last week, and prices were on the down-grade, especially for the lower grades of grass steers and warmed-up offerings, marked declines taking place. Bulk of the steers found purchasers at a range of $8.35@10.10, With warmed-up steers bringing $8.10 @875, while medium grades sold at $8.80@9.45 and good steers at $9.50@ 9.95. Yearlings sold all the way down to $7.75@8.75 for the commoner offer~ ings, of which the supply was much too generous. Butc'hering cows and heifers were in excellent demand at $5.20@10 for ordinary to fancy grades, [with prime little yearling heifers sell- ing much the highest and the best cows at $7.75@8.25. utters went at $4.70@_5.15, canners at $3.35@4.65 and bulls at $5@7.85. Calves were in fair- ly large supply and" in the usual de- mand, with sales at $5@10.75 for the coarse heavy to prime light vealers. Hogs were marketed much more freely dUring the past week, and prices underwent several sharp reduc- tions, with a further Widening of the range of values. The week closedwith hogs selling at $6.50@6.90 for heavy packing lots and at $7.75@7.85 for the best light shipping lots,’ with fair to fancy heavy shipping hogs at $6.956!) 7.50, while pigs sold mostly at $6.25@ 7. 5. A week earlier hogs brought $6.80@8.12%. ' Spring lambs have suffered sensa- tional declines in prices in recent Weeks, with some small rallies now and then, the lack of a shipping de- mand helping local packers to estab- lish values. Idaho range lambs com- prise the principal share of the offer— ings, With some big bunches coming from Washington, and a number of good sized consignments of range yearlings have arrived. Aside from these, the receipts run mainly to na- tive lambs and ewes. Most of the time fluctuations in lamb prices are- much wider than in yearlings or sheep. Few wethers are offered. Despite the great shortage in the lamb crop. re- cent prices sank to a little lower level than a year ago. At the week’s close prices stood as follows: Lambs $5.75 @810; yearlings $5.50@7.15; wethers 365.575@6.65; ewes $3@6~; bucks $4.25 CROP AND MARKET NOTES. (Continued—{Rim page 92). small and wild fruit, fair pear crop, $1: rye 8'5c; hav$~4@10 per ton: sheep $3@10; hogs $7.40; cattle $5@8.50. ~ I—“Hisi” Potato Diggers— still leads all others as the most reliable and satisfactory tool for harvesting beans. Don’t be deceived—demand the machine with the name “Miller’ ’ plainly stenciled. Wood or Steel frames. Manufactured by Le Roy Plow Company, Le Roy, N.;Y. Ask your Dealer or 'write us. will do your work quickly, easily and get all the potatoes in peifect condition. Save Time—genuine patent tiltin frame permits shortest and quickest turns at. ens of rows, with- out any danger of tipping over. Lighten Draft—elevator is lower and our method of separating eaves power. Rigid Pole——'gives absolute control over move- ment of dlflger at all times. and allows it to be backed if desired. Other Exclusive Features are shown in our book- let w h i oh explains how thoroughly the "Riptide builtto give two service a n d aatwfaction. Send for Free Booklet. The Akron Cultivator Co. “Makers 0 thefanums raus wot-Axle Cultivators" For Sale . . Rebuilt Machinery 20 H. Pitta traction engine, 20 H. Stevens, 20 H. Leader, 20 H. Rum ey, l H. Russel, 18 H. Port Huron. 18 Pit-ts. 17 H. Erick. l6 H. Saar-Scott. 16 H. Pitts. 16 H. Huber, 28" Pitts, grain threeher. 30" Port Huron. 30" Pitts, 30”Advn.nce, 32"Huber. 32" Advance. 34" Pitts. 17x22 belt power Wolverine hay press. 17x22 Ohio harm-eel. and many others. Write us for complete rebuilt list. THE BANTING MACHINE CO. ll4-l24 Superior St. Toledo. Ohio and froth Pnplld on the new A GER ' blcycio Write at one. I i'~ lo! our big mining and upeaal of". \ Marvelous lmprovomontn. Rum ‘ ordinary values In our l9l5 price tiller You'c’an— , not «fwd in buy wllngul getting our law! prapo- ‘ Now WRITE TODAY ' oyl, be i “Rider Agent" 3nd mks big money taking orders for bicycle. and. supplies. Get our Mural “mu on c umple w lntroduu the ANGER." ‘ ll ‘ ‘ ,i' l l . ~ $.20; ll\ “‘1‘“!!! "Wit.” l'," \ i. new “ , "l.” r ‘ I . TIRES equipment. sundvleo and everything ’I l/ In'tno bicycle line half usual prlco'. Fwwu pile. ./ on Mowrcyclo and Automobile Suppllu - I, Mead Cycle Go.,llcpl. li-UCMéI‘O Motor (SIGNAL) Trucks All Standard parts in 1, 1}, 2 and 3} tons We will demonstrate in any part of state. THE MORITZ-MULLIN CO.. MICHIGAN DISTRIBUTORS. 650 Woodward Ave.. Detroit. Mich. Cadillac-840. "Service First" in “Signal" slagnn. ‘ C d Pump, Grind, Saw Double Geared Steel. bronze bearing . OILLESS'WIND MILLS Nooil.noclimbingtowers. ‘ l' Made for Hard Use. Feed Grinders, Steel Tanks. 00d Wheel Wind Mills. 2% to 2011. P. Fuel Saving Engines. hrklns Wind Mill ls Engine comnnny Est. 1860. Catalogs free. 135 Main St. Mishawnka, Ind. Michigan Livestock Insurance to. Capital Stock—$100,000. Surplus—$100,000 Home Office—Saginaw. Michigan. Only Home Co. in Michigan. COLON C. LILLIE President. H. J. WELLS, -:- Secretary-Treasurer. I ‘ I I ’ Consuliin Farm ManagcnonlSpcciallslMJJ. 95. 20 years c successful farming, Live Stock, Alfalfa and special farm craft. t we assist you to increase your profits. Services reasonable: J. S. “Mitchell, Holly. Mich. LEARN AUC'I‘lllNl-IEIIING fifgfigggflgfi and become independent‘wlth no capital invested. Every branch of the business taught in 5 weeks. Write todnv for free catalog. JONES' NAT'L SCHOOL OF AUCTIONEERING,’ ' ' 28 N. Sacramento Blvd., Chicago, Ill. Carey 11. Jones, Pres. Last Three Brothers 2:,“ memos! some apples, but no peaches; some . . l d ilinorifioe in farm of 10?- aore . 35 d plums. W001 30c. butter—fat 24c, «Licificilm; fine soil. lmlldlnce. rmiia'ioooré'o't' 3? corn $1.06 per cwt: oats 45c; wheat lumber toi- future bulldinge.eto.. vInfiIER, Forfurther information in 'ulre of GEO. L Rinrnss. Mioi... or run Larson SALES ens. V1019 00.. Inc.. 304 Hodges BIL, Detroit. Cherry 4258. WarPriCesior Beans f .The “ORIGINAL” . MILLER BEAN “ARI/ESTER l JULY 31. 1915. THIS IS THE FIRST EDITION. The first edition is sent to those who have not expressed a desire for the latest markets. The late market edi- tion will be sent on request at any time. - DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS. Thursday’s Market. July 22, 1915. Catt e. Receipts 1406. There was another heavy supply of cattle on hand at the local stock yards this week and a de- cidedly dull draggy market from start to finish at prices 15@20c lower on everything but canners, which held steady. All the local meat dealers are well supplied and if heavy runs keep up as they have for the past three weeks little improvement may be look- ed for. The quality was as a rule common, few good dry-fed being in the receipts. Nothing new has devel- oped in the quarantine situation, and no stockers, feeders or milch cows can as yet be taken back for feeding pur- poses. It is said that before they can be handled the yards must be cleaned again and the railroad company is un- willing to stand the seemingly unnec- essary expense. The close Thursday was dull and draggy at the decline. Best dry-fed steers $8@8.50; best handy weight butcher steers, grass $7 @775; mixed steers and heifers $6.50 @725; handy light butchers $6@6.50; light butchers $5.50@6; best cows $5.75@6; butcher cows $4.50@5.50; common cows $4@5; canners $3@4; best heavy bulls $6; bologna bulls $5 @5 75 Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. & Co. 2 canners av 750 at $3.50, 1 bull wgh 1210 at $5.50, 2 cows av 790 at $4, 2 do av 995 at $5.50, 5 do av 1092 at $5.50, 3 bulls av 1020 at $5.50, 3 do av 1103 at $5, 5 do av 1012 at $5.60; to Hammond, S. & Co. 1 bull wgh 1790 at $625.25 butchers av 1023 at $7.35, 8 do av 920 at $7, 17 do av 868 at $7, 2 cows av 1065 at $5, 1 do wgh 970 atK$4.50, 1 do wgh 1230 at $5.50, 2 do av 980 at $5.25, 2 steers av 1185 at $8; to Sullivan P. Co. 11 cows av 1100 at $5.25, 1 do wgh 1200 at $5, 5 butchers av 1040 at $7, 10 steers av 1160 at $8; to Breitenbeck 9 cows av 1058 at $4.85; to Kull 6 steers av 960 at $7.50; to Breitenbeck 1 cow wgh 950 at $5.25, 1 bull wgh 850 at $5.50; to Remick 7 butchers av 768 at $5; to Hammond, S. & Co. 24 steers av 1057 at $7.65; to Mich. B. Co. 31 do av 1019 at $7.65; to Sullivan P. Co. 10 go 2v 955 at $7.10, 14 do av 1093 at 7.6 . Reason & S. sold Thomas 4 cows av 1017 at $5.75; to Sullivan P. Go. 4 do av 1065 at $5.50, 11 butchers av 845 at $6.75; to Mich. B. Co. 27 steers av 940 at $6.90, 9 do av 1055 at $7.50, 3 butchers av 910 at $6.50: to Ratt- kowsky 2 bulls av 860 at $5.25. 1 do wgh 710 at $5, 3 cows av 1050 at $5.80; to Brown 2 bulls av 1275 at $5.60, 3 do av 1273 at $5.60, 3 do av 1023 at $5.25, 1 do wgh 960 at $5, 2 do av 800 at $5. Johnson sold Hammond, S. & Co. 3 cows av 1060 at $5.10, 4 butchers av 1072 at $7, 1 bull wgh 930 at $5.50; to Bennett & S. 8 butchers av 867 at $6.50. Veal Calves. Receipts 60 . Good grades of veal calves brought steady prices but culls and those of the common order were dull and 75c@$1 lower than last week, selling as follows: Few choice $11; bulk of good $10@10.50; heavy $6@ 6.50; culls and mediums $7@8. Haley & M. sold Newton B. Co. 17 av 160 at $10.50; to Mich. B. Co. 4 av 150 at $10; to Goose 2 av 210 at $10, 4 av 200 at $6, 3 av 145 at $10.50, 3 av 200 at $10; to Mich. B. Co. 3 av 200 at $10. Sheep and Lambs. Receipts 1942. The supply of sheep and lambs was small ‘but there. was plenty to supply the local demand. Quality is cutting quite a figure at present, many of the lambs are of the common order with little fat. Prices averaged about the same as last week, $8 being the extreme price for fancy lambs and $5 for choice sheep; the close was dull. Best lambs $8; fair lambs 6.50@7.50; light to common lambs 5.50@6; fair to good sheep $4.50@5; culls and common $3‘@4. Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 51 sheep av 120 at $4.25; to Mich. B. Co. 37 sheep av 125 at $4.50; .to New- ton B. Co. 15 lambs av 65 at $7, 11 yearlings av 90 at $6, 10 lambs av 63 at $7.50, 40 do av 73 at $7; to Young 54 do av 65 at $7.85. Reason & S. sold Sullivan P. Co. 42 lambs av 80 at $8, 12 yearlings av 90 at $6. 5 sheep aL115 at $4. 093. Receipts 3585. In the hog depart- ment Wednesday pigs and yorkers brought $7.75@7. 0, with bulk at $7.80. Heavies $7.50@7.70; up to noon on Thursday no hogs had been sold but prospects look a trifle higher. Light yorkers-$7.75@7.85; heavy. do. THE MICHIGAN FARMER 300 DUROC JERSEY SPRING PIGS Bred from Prize Winning Stock of Best Blood Lines. Save Money and Express by Buying 2 to 4 Months Old Pigs NOW! SPECIAL PRICES ON PAIRS and TRIOS This is an Opportunity to buy from a herd where time, money and intelligent effort has not been spared to make the BROOKWATER BRAND OF DUROCS LEAD , Friday's Market. July 23, 1915. Cattle. Receipts this week 1570; last week 031. Market dull and 10@15c lower on everythig but good fat steers. Best dry—fed steers $8@8.50; best handy- weight butcher steers, grass $7@7.75; mixed steers and heifers $6.50@7.25; handy light butchers $6@6.50; light butchers $5.50@6; best cows $5.75@6; butcher cows $4.50@5.50; common cows $4@5; canners $3@4; best heavy bulls $6; bologna bulls $5@5.25. Veal Calves. Receipts this week 709; last week 757; market strong. Best $10.75@11; others $6@9.50. Sheep and Lambs. Receipts this week 2276; last week 2198; market dull. Best lambs $8; fair do $6.50@7.50; light to common lambs $5.50@6; fair to good sheep $4.50@5; culls and common $3@4. Hogs. Receipts this week 4528; last week 5164; pigs and yorkers $7.80@7.85; heavy $7.50@7.70. Seed Wheals Wonderful improved varieties. with strong vig- orous new blood, that will increase your yield 20 to 50%. Grand Prize a marvel of productiveness; Michigan Red Wave with a record of over 55 bushels perncre. Other leading sorts. Allgraded over the best special power machinery ever built for the purpose. You get the cream. Write to- day ior special Price List No. 24 of Famous Seed Wheats. Timothy, Vetch. Rape, Grimm Alfalfa and other Clovers. Allegan, Mich. A. H. FOSTER, I.II.I.II'I’S IMPRIDVI'JD GROI§NE WIIEA'I' A vigorous, red. bearded wheat. very etiif straw. and of good milling qualities, 3 good yielder, write for sum lo and prices. CO CH C. LILLIE. Coopersville. Michigan. SAVE YOUR VETCll SEED by using a fanning mill screen of special size mesh that will remove nearly all of the rye from the vetch. Can be used in any mill. Price $2.00 and up according to size. Also vetch seed and inoculate soil for vetch for sale. E. B. FOLLETT. Hale, Michigan. Farms and Farm Lands For 8an Crops Included 170 Acres, Equipped, $5500. 40 tons hey. 2 acres potatoes. 5 acres sweet corn. 8 acres onto. 1 acre beans. 2 horses. 11 cows. 5 head young stock, 3 hogs. poultry, all machinery and tools go with this big productivchfarm If taken now; re- markable bargain as owner is forced to sell to attend to business elsewhere; 60 acres fields. acres o ring- wuterod gesture. 30 acres wood. good orchard; ‘ -si.ory 10-room ouse. 3 barns, hog house, poultry house; excellent location; price for everything it taken at once only 8:500. any terms; full details and travelin directions to see this and a good little farm for 3700? today page 23 “dtrout's Farm Catalogue 38." write or your free copy. E. A. STROU’I‘ FARM AGENCY. Station 101. University Block. Syracuse. N. Y. 124 Acres 90 cultivated. balance timber. l~2 mile v to town. Fine fertile farm. 9-room house, 3 barns. hen and h house. granary; fruit; telephone. it. D. 2 horses, head cattle. 5 pigs. 10 sheep. Ohens. 5turkeys. mower, rake, sulhy plow. hay fork, potato hiller, grain drill. cultivator-s, nsolene engine. 2 heavy wagons. platform wagon. s eighs, 2 sets heav harness. 3 sets light harness. numerous tools. A l for $6.700 $3,000 cash, balance long time. EALL‘S l'nrm Agency. Uwogo, Tioga 00.. New York, ‘ —11 acres in Pied- Vquinia Orchard m... 3...... v..- ginln, alf acre timber balance set to winter ap les, good varieties. 3 and 4 years old. On gently ro lin deal fruit land: inter-cultivated to crops. G :1 running water. nenl surrounded by good road. mal house and burn. ' rice $2330. can . good terms. 8. W. Cole. (Horticulturist), Forest Depot, Va. when you can buy the best farm land in Michi- gan at from $l2to $20 an core on easy terms. Write for particulars, STAFFELD BROTHERS. Owners. 15 Merrill Bldg.. Saginaw. West Side. Mich. FR E E LAND“ mm" W... . 0 tion of choice land. part of Demonstration Plantation. the SHOW plantation of the South. FREE to people having it improved within five years. Need never live on the land. Address Commissioner H. L. Holmes. Block 163. Calvert. Alabama for particulars. FOR SALE—in Nowaygo County, line fruit and dairy farm. consisting of 280 acres. For particulars write the owner. WM. HUNTOON. R. B, 1. Tw1n Lake, Michigan, 0R Rule-40 A. Ocennn Co. Sandy loam, 15 A. in crops; 15 A. easily prepared for cultivation. ll) A. timber. 4 ml. to Co. seat. No buildings. Address A. B. WHITE, Hurt. Michigan. WANTED—To hear from owner of good farm . or unimproved land for sale. H. L. Downing, 104 Palace Bldg... Minneapolis, Minn. to buyfa. U. P. farm with stock a (1 Wanted tools. Must be good land. Addrdizs Frank J. Wormbrnnd. R. 12. Kalamazoo. Mich. We are commission merchants Poullry, Balm, Eggs, Fruits and Vegetables. Will be pleased to quote market on request. When writing state who: you want quotations on. NAUIA ANN COMMISSION COMPANY. Eastern Market, Detroit. Mich. HA 623.625 Wabash Bid... Pittsburgh. Pa. Dame! McCcffrey’s Sons Co. F‘BuEa:—We are paying from one to three cents above the highest official Detroit Market quotntionnfor your eggs shipped direct to us by ex- preu. us for information. It will pay you. American Butter 8 Choose Co.. Detroit, Mich. Growers. we want your entire crop. Highest market prices Write for stencil. THE E. l. Richmond Co.. Detroit.Mioh: CULI. BEANS FOR FEED. 3.33.3332: YOUNG-RANDOLPH SEED 00.; Owocco. Mich. Good Feed—Chen . OUR NEW LOCATION— sslvm was. The Burden: Camisckwn. M h. Durocs of all ages for sale. 15—95 Come or write for particulars. Swine Dcpartm ent Breakwater Farm, R. 7, Ann Arbor, Michigan. H005. ' I —-Grand bunch of Gil'ts ””003 8° Vlclonas easternmost; of Superbn, Defender, Much Col., riomI and others. Afew young boars. M. ’1‘. STORY, Lowell. Mich. FOR SALE—Dnroc Jersey Pigs. the big boned kind, price 85 each and up. pedigrees furnished. Also one registered Jersey bull calf 3 months old 325. Write your wants to I‘, A. Lamb & Son. Caesopolis. Mich. slwllGlS'l'I'IIlEIl BERKSHIRE 80W 23.33"?! each. B. B. REAVEY, Akron, Michigan. OB SALE—Berkshire hogs, both sexes and different ages. Bred gills for full farrowing. l’ivll Angus Bull (Julf. not rog- istcred. Price right. Chase's Stock Farm, R. l, Morlcfle, Mich. ' ——B ' d t h' llsyallon Bred Berkshires ”grow 31:92:31. 13.112 weeks ago with registry apers. Write ior pedigree and prices. 1). Il‘. V ALINTI it, Supt., Temperance. Mich. AMPBEIRE Bwine—Broedin stock of all ages from most po ular strains. rite for breeding. Inspection invite . Floyd Myers. B. 9. Decatur, Ind. WEST WINDS HAMPSHIRE SWINE. Booking orders for sow pigs immediate shipment. No males to oil'er E. P. Hammond. owner, N. A. Wiser, manager. Pontiac, Mich AMPSHIRE SWINE. the kind that wears the belt. Nothing left for sale but a few pigs. S. C. MORT. Elsie. Michigan. ‘VOULD like to hear from those desiring to start a herd of thoroughbred Cheaters. Prices attrac- tive. F. W. ALEXANDER, Vassar, Michigan. Big Type, 0.I.t’s and Chester White Swine. 400 fall igs either sex. cial prices for the next 30 days, a so bred gllts an service males and we are booking orders for sprin pig , all our stock is good enough that. 1 will ship . O D. and reg, free in the . . C. or Chester White Asso. We won. more prizes than all other breeders ut together, at 111.. and Win. State Fairs. Write far Show record. ROLLING VIEW STOCK FARM Cass City, - Michigan. 0. I. C. PIGS fiiyfiéfihpil‘i‘éffi’llldi‘v’llg JOHN BERNEB a SON, 8.4, Grand Ledge. Mich. REGISTERED J lEWElT’S BLUE RIBBON 0. l. ll. 8 Growthy type. Photos. J. Carl Jewett. Mason, Mich. ' ’ —80ws bred to furrow last of June 0. I. C on July. Prices reasonable. G. P. ANDREWS, Dansvllle, Michigan. 0 I c —Gilts bred for Aug. and Sept. furrow. I I I Will take orders for March and April pigs. H. W. MANN. Danevllle. Michigan. 0 I C! —Spring igs. pairs and tries, not 0 o s akin, rom state fair winners. AVONDALE STOCK FARM, Wayne. Mich. 0. I. (L’s-STRICTLY BIG TYPE Gilts bred for Sept. furrow and March pigs now ready to ship. Extra. good ones at prices that. will move them. Pairs not akin. I will be pleased to ship them 0. O. D. and record them free in purchaser s name. NBWMAN’S STOCK FARM R. No. 1. Marletto. Mich. —Are you on the O. I. C. SWINE mm... .0, a choice bred sow to furrow the last of Aug. or fore part of Sept“? If you are, write me. I have them. A. J. GORDEN, R No. 2. Dorr. Michigan. 0 | c! -—8 last fall gilts bred to farrow last of Aug. - - 3 and in Sept. Big growthy stock. also last Spring pigs and one Inst 3 l boar. 54 mile west of depot. OTTO B. SCHULZE. Nashville. Mich. o I C! --a.ll ages both sexes. Priced to sell. a u s time iven. Satisfaction guaran- teed. A. R. GRA AM. Flint. Michigan. 0. l. c. Fig.2 a lo 10 Weeks Old :10. Earl's? Registered free. C. J. Thompson, Rockford, Mich. a ' a Choice Sept. pl 9. either sex. Will 0 0 0 take orders for arch, April and May pigs, not akin. ALVIN V. EATT. Grass Lake. Mich. The home of the bi Way Brolher: Slack Farm. homom Hm 3,0,: for sale. Registered free. J. R. Way. Pompeii, Mich. DUROC JERSEYS—gregwgil'a"fgfasgleénd 12 CAREY U. EDMONDS, Hastings. Michigan. Fol SALE—Fancy bred gills. full mules. spring pigs, of the large, smooth hind. Pl'll'e to sell. JOHN McNICOLL. Station A. R 4, Bay City. Mich. 't lKerd Duroc Jersey Swine. Established 1888. 0355:3113 pigs for sale, satisfaction guaranteed. Ex- press prepaid, J. H. Banghart, East Lansing, Mich. BIO BllllEB llllllOBS. K.l“?i2iit’3‘él'hi‘ila§§§3? M. A. BR AY. Okemos. (Inghnm Co.), Michigan. UROC JERSEYS—Spring pics either sex. Gilts bred for Sept. furrow to a son of Volunteer Grand (‘hampion at Intonin’l Stock Show Chicago. F. .l. Drodt. R. 1, Monroe, Mich. UROC Jersey bred gilts. bred for Aug, and Sept. D furrow from leading blood lines: also a few good boars. Write for circular and pricel. W.C.Tsylor. Milan, Mich, —M h i 9 either sex, sired by a son “lime 10".! of Vadlaungegr Champion of 3 State Fair. and Chicago Show in 1912. E. H. Morris, Monroe. Mich. DUROC J LRPLBYoal'llglfilfil‘? Ciahfl‘lfiog' fi'v‘lriihoifiii? I“Shepherd. Michigan: 16 TYPE P. 0. Either sex. pairs or trim not. alin. Bred cows and gilts Hove several 100011). boar-pro- spects. Absolutely no lower breeding. Everything ‘ guaranteed right. FRANK KBUGER. Bhvonnanlch. \THIS , 0.1.e. < 32" WEIGHED 932 L33. 23 MONTHS O D " IONIA GIRL I have started more breeders on the road to suc—' case than an man living. I have thelargest and tin. est herd in t e U. 8. Every one an early developer. ready for the market at six months old. I wont to place one hog in each community to advertise my erd. Write for my plan ,“Eow to Make Money from Hogs." o. s. IIIJAIIII, n.n..io Porn-u, Icon. OLAND CHINA Sprin Pigs from heavy boned roliiic stock. Bows bre for Summer and Fall pigs at c 039 prices. ROBERT NEVE, Pierson, Michigan. Poland Chiller. either sex. all ages. Something good . at a low price. Bargains in boars ready for ser~ Vice. P. D. ONG. R. . D. 8. Grand Rapids. Mich. f h . POLAND CHINAS rgcd; fgr ggviga?eSow:3§:el-g for spring farrow. A. A Wood A: Son. Saline. Mich. lillliE ms r. 0.‘§ll§?'l‘2§'o‘é‘3§ln}"%§it°;a is: bred gilts. W. J. HAGELSHAW. Augusta, Mich. Big Boned Poland Chinas. i'n“§’rféli“2olf€ods&°lt§? ROBERT MARTIN. R. F. D. No. 7. Hastings, Mich. ‘ two extra good Bummer Yearlin l-llgl Slim" P- c- Boers: a few choice sows bred fog Aug. sh Sept. furrow. Spring pigs that. are beauties. sired by Big Defender, the hour that over body goes wilrlover. Come and see him. H. 0. SWARTZ, gohoolcraft. Mich. ' —Am booking orders for male i s Paland China- to be ship ed at weaning tiling. G. W. HOL’I‘ON. R. No.11, alnmanoo. Michigan, Big Type Poland China Pigs EL") great. stretchy April pigs ready to ship. Write for prices. BEAN CREEK FARM. Addison. Michigan. FALL PIGS AT HALF PRICE Bred from the largest strain of Poland Chinns on earth. none big er. If you ever expect to own a. reg- istered Poland bills. this is your opportunity. Got busy and order at once. Pairs and tries not akin $15 each. J. C. BUTLER, Portland, Mich. Bell Phone. IG Ty'pe hours by Big Smooth Jumbo. Greatest I bcznrl-llnbgtage. 748 "isj at 17 mo. These boars are ong. a . lg one. so at armors ricer, hi ed 0.3 n Call or write. W'm. Wafl'le. &ldwaie:,i\l’ix:yh, IG Type P. C. Herd boar Chief of Irimgword No. B 84375, also Hoosier Giant 2nd. Pigs sired by him. (lilo Big Smooth Jumbo hour. S ccisl )l‘lCt) on this stock :for two Weeks. MRS. J. E. BRA TH AITE. Brant. Mich. REGISTERED YORKSHIHES Imported Strain. Both sexes. Prices Reasonable. Hatch llerd, Ypsilanti, Michigan. go YollKSlllllES'SL’.2§§“"DJ&Z? assess ocks, 1. a. Ducks. E. s. CARR. Homer. Mich: FOB S‘LE .Lawnenge Lodge Yorkshires. Boar: from .i to 8 mos. o d. Weanling pigs to ship Sept. 1312. GEO. McMULLEN, Grand Ledge, Mich. For Sale—Yorkshire Gilts from " 'ge litters. bred for fall farrowing. Ware & Waterman. Ann Arbor. Mich. Meadowland P1321“ ,—-Wenniing pigs. airs not. nki . B Mlll‘lool "083- mm; and gilts Kw fall farrgw, {v32 rervwe boars. C. F. BACON. R. 3. Britton. Mich. Lillie Farmstead Yorkshircs. Boats ready for service. Gllts bred for Sept. furrow. Spring pigs, airs and trlos. not akin. Co on C, Lillie, Coopersvil e. Mich. YORKSHIRES Brod gilts, service boars. So tember 0 ' Prices reasonable. w. c. (goon. Rind. Xii’rifig; Pure Brod Mule Fool llo s m" 9‘“ ‘- “me“ n. on... gum. R‘. transmissive: SHEEP. Registered Oxford Down Sheep‘wflliém' M. F. GANSSLEY. Lennon. Michigan. 5' ' —Yearling and ram lambs f o ' [Rica-ll?” flock of Thumb of Mich. Algonsle?:cllul3€xfl£ shire swme. Elmhurst Stock Farm. Almont. Mich. fl ‘—_———. HORSES —R l' t P ' FOR SALE .53 fri‘ilfo‘l 331%l233232‘?;?&§“i37 spection invited. F. L. KING & 80 N. Char otte.Mioh. ' «Reg. Shetland P l , t Plgfloll Po"! Farm spots.1 s ottcd stalligiagandn;3:li; stock for sale. Dr. W, T. orrlson, Pigeon. Mich. I Registered Percherons Brood [marelzil'iflieel and tYoung Staliliona. Priced one. no ecioni vita . L; c. HUNT a: co., aton rapids. Michigan. When writing to adver- tisers please mention the .Michigan Farmer. 96—16 ‘THE MICHIGAN PARA/sea _ JULY 31,1915. ’ Practical g CHEMISTRY IN RELATION TO AG- RICULTURE.—V. BY FLOYD w. ROBISON. Feeds and Feeding. A line of agricultural procedure which has been very profitable to a good many farmers has been the feed- ing of live stock and the feeding and care of dairy cattle. In this line of agricultural procedure chemistry, and the laboratory, has had a very pro- nounced influence. In fact the more successful methods of procedure have been the direct outgrowth of the de- ductions formulated in the laboratory. Little Attention Paid to Scientific Rations on the Ranch. When the raising of cattle upon the ranches of the west was a common practice little attention was paid to the scientific features of the matter. In fact, it was unnecessary and un- doubtedly impossible, but when this began to decline and in more civilized communities the feeding of live stock for purposes of meat production was continued it became apparent very speedily that different methods must be invoked. Likewise in the manage- ment of dairy stock. As long as rough- age was plentiful and economic pro- duction was not considered, little at- tention was paid by the farmer to the scientific features of the ration dis- pensed. With the advance of the bus- iness of dairying, however, competi- ' tion became more keen and it became fnecessary to purchase on the market feeding stuffs to supplement the home ration, and it then became necessary for farmers to pay more attention to the science of nutrition and to know more about the principles involved in economic stock feeding. History of the Balanced Ration. The history of the scientific feeding of animals is a very recent one. Al- most the pioneer ideas in this line were not promulgated previous to 1864 when Wolff promulgated what he call- ed his “Feeding Standards.” The logic of his reasoning at once took hold of the experimental world and chemists began at once to compound rations bearing in mind the principles promulgated by Wolff. At the present day even we are giving very great consideration to but slight modifica- tions of these original Wolff feeding standards. The standards promulgated by Wolff in 1864 were given, however, very lit- tle consideration in America until At- water, probably the pioneer of Ameri- can nutrition experts, brought the idea to this country. In 1880 Armsby, of the Pennsylvania Station, published his Manual of Cattle Feeding which was among the early American con- tributions to this subject. The feeding standards idea took root early in scientific discussions and became the basis for what was more popularly termed “the balanced ra- tion.” Various improvements have from time to time appeared in which some of the original weak points of the Wolff standards have been elimi- nated until now we have the feeding units which are really a direct out- growth of the original feeding stan- dards. The balanced ration is a direct outgrowth of laboratory experiment and deductions and its firm hold upon the feeding world is another testimon- ial to the very intimate relationship existing between chemistry and this branch of agriculture. The Proximate Principles. It should be borne in mind that the balanced ration has to do with the composition of foods and feeds, and the relation of feeds of varying com- positions to animal nutrition. The items of consideration in a feeding stuff with which the balanced ration .lililllllllllllllHill"IliillmmlllllllilllllllllllilllillllllillilllIlllllllilllifflllllllllllllilll|IIHillHilllillllllllililliilliiiillillilHililllilllllililliIlli. Ill||liiillllllllliillilliiimllllllllllllllllllllillillllillllllllllllllllllfifl Science lilliHlllillIlllJlillllillflIililli llllllllll|IIIIliliililIlllllHillllllllll|Illl|ll|Ill|HMill|HIIlliilllIlllllIllIIIHI|lIIIllllIlllIIII[Illiillllil|lillllllllllillllllliillllllllllllillINIllliillliillllllIlllilil||llilIll||llll||llllil|llllllllllllllllillllllllIlilllllilllllillllllig has to do are termed the proximate principles of food. We are familiar with these principles under the terms protein, carbohydrates and fats. The science of the balanced ration consists in preserving or providing the most satisfactory proportion of these three proximate principles. We have in very recent times a very excellent compari- son of the logic of a balanced ration. A Modern Companison. We think the gas engine furnishes an excellent illustration. In the oper- ation of an engine using gasoline as fuel the maximum efficiency of the en— gine depends upon securing a very careful balance between the vapor of gasoline burned and the intake of air. It is possible to operate the engine with an excess of gasoline vapor over that of air. It is also possible to op- erate it with an excess of air over that of gasoline vapor, but in either in— stance mentioned the engine operates below its optimum efficiency. In plain words, there is a point in the opera- tion of the engine which provides a certain almost definite mixture of gas- oline vapor and air to produce the most favorable results, the most per- fect ignition, and consequently the maximum amount of power. ism and the proximate principles have a somewhat similar significance. It has been shown that it is absolutely. necessary to have a certain amount of protein in the ration to carry on the various animal functions and in the case of dairy cows to provide as well for the enormous amount of nitrogen ous matter, (casein and albumin), which is secreted in the milk supply. A dairy cow or the domestic animal will exist and furnish a certain form of energy on a diet which consists largely of protein but as maximum efficiency, particularly when we take into consideration economic efficiency, cannot be reached on an exclusively protein diet it is desirable that the ra- tion shall contain varying proportions of the other proximate principles, that is, carbohydrates, and fats. Maximum economic efficiency of a dairy cow or other domestic animal depends upon supplying the protein of the ration to that point only where protein may be needed and then the addition for the balance of the ration of the less expensive and, for other purposes, ‘more desirable carbohy- drates and fats. The craving which the appetite has for variety in foods is undoubtedly nature’s plea for this careful consideration in the diet. For- tunately it seems to us the most di- rect demands as called for in the bal- anced ration are likewise indicated by an economic consideration of the com- mercial value of foodstuffs. The Balanced Ration is the Most Economic Ration. For at least in the northern states it is a well known truth that those feeds containing large percentages of digestible protein are the feeds which are more expensive. Consequently eco- nomic considerations alone would sanction the use of protein feeds in the ration only so far as they are ab- solutely necessary. The real facts of the case are that the cost. of protein feeds has been so high that farmers have, as a rule, provided too small an amount of protein feeds in the ration and thereby have not provided a suf- ficient amount of real working mate- rial for the animal body. (Continued next week). Heaven consists of desiring from the heart, goodfor others more than for one’s self, and in serving them With a view to their happiness, not from anyr selfish aim of obtaining re- guneration, but out of love—Sweden- g. ’ Crudely . analogous to this is the animal organ- C’omplete soith two Mold Board Plow: . / ‘ - was ‘ / - D1» to 01 King’ 1.3%,: Meets Every Power Demand There isn’t a power job on the farm the Steel King won’t do. It plows, discs, drills, seeds, barrows, har- vests, mows and hauls. the crops to market. put a Steel King on your farm and let you see for yourself how it meets every power demand on your farm. And the Steel King has belt at- tachment furnishing power for all the power jobs on the farm such as silo filling, husking, shredding, bail- ing, pumping and all other station- ary work. Sold on Approval with Guarantee - We know the Steel King will do your work. And to prove it we will Send for Facts Write us today for complete Trac- tor facts. Investigate the Steel King. Send now for catalog. Steel King Motor Plow Company 192 Leib St. Detroit, Mich. Guaranteed to do more and better work with less poweri than any ether silo filler operating under equal conditions. That guarantee is based on what repeated tests have prawn! that the Appleton Silo Filler will do. By its efficiency and economy in use, its positive safeguards against breakdowns and its extra long life; the Appleton proves that Invoice-(0:! is the only sensxble basis on which to choose a silo filler. Solid oak frame, braced, bolted and mortised; impossible to pull out of line. Special high-grade tool steel knives. spiraled to give clean shearing cut. 10 lengths of out. 5-16 to 2% inches. Tremendous capacity. Positive frictionless self feed table runs on chilled iron rollers. One lever controls feed rolls and table. Independent belt driven blower. on , Appusrou Explains how siloing doubles teed values of crops; describes nlltypeq ofsilos,howbuilt.etc.: _ _ full of arises and silo facts of Appleton Manufacturing Co" 420 Fargo St, Bot-no, Ill. real value. Sent free-write! has speed adjustable to‘ minimum use of power for any height silo. Lowdown. cut-under frame: easy to handle. Send for catalog of details showing 4 sizes. SlLAGE Keeps perfectly against our air and water-tight cement. stave. Double hoops at great tension on the outside makes cracking impos- . sible. , Back ladder makes " only work of putting up filler pipe. The fact. that we fur- high the scaffold. and build the silo complete. with or without roof. for practically the same price as Wood makes you ~ perfectly scours. .~( .1 r r .. Non-absorbent stave of puddled concrete liquid ce- 55‘ men! poured into the joints -—insures perfect scaling. f3. HINGE Cement Door New feature. ' We sell only the com- . xpleted Silo. fully guaran' teed. Catalog. Sealed Joint Silo Co. is}; Portland. Ind. ’ ' “5r KT?— u-‘u-s- «- - ‘ ’:/- ' ' " 1mm M H A R R l S 2: , aniiililmiiili l, i ‘1‘ . ‘U f . _ git Barn Equrpmentgfltt “o it . Fe51313.31"ii3.3°5§rii§i§'éasqi' rd ‘ “if“ ll" M fly the most thorough work in the Allergen : l , “fir-,5“ stable, inifesyflzlfi/afikgufirlde in a Clean. order], .21 time. Patented Stalls and Stancliions ~. . 4,. q Write'for our large, Illustrated catalog. It full describes j everything, contains many valuable hints. oiled Free! ' . Please ask for it. on a post card today. . The Harris Mfg. Co.. Box 230" Salem. Ohio MORE POTATOES WITH LESS LABOR HAT'S what a PARQU’KAR ELEVATOR. POTAIO BIGGER will do for you. De- livers all the potatoes on top the ground with less than half the labor of hand d H digging; Light draft, simple construction, long life—a combination that means 0 ars to euser. Our SUCCESS JUNIOR and GM EDGE WALKING 13166888 are unequaled for small crops. New booklet. "Harvestln the Potato Crop." valuable to every grower. Write and tell us how man pots oes you raise and we’ll send a copy free. -r... A. 3. PARQUKAI. o ., Ltd" Box 81!, York, Penn. . . - , , , -.- _-._.. - Also. ,qlnegfgwuiils, Thrashers, Cider Presses. Grain Drills. .. - f‘ - -f’.“:—."’ffl' ' . - zen-fr .. 'p -31: ,. ‘ g... , M. - .. . . «a .v 03' v... . __ .. {xiv we- .2» a..- -*~:' -~ - - , oral}?! »f-‘§§¢ift"’.f~ -'fr.,~~'..:i.