. it: 43.19911} ‘33: ,.J ‘ICN'I‘S A YEAR. FOR 5 YEARS. 82 3 . the State. 50 ( . /fl// /V//. . 4, 2/4 , //////// ./ fvn . ,/ /, 47/75; , 1915 , and Live Stock Journal in OCTOBER 2, SATURDAY, ') Horticultural 3 MICH ) ltural ICU DETROIT 4 6 ,.F////w.,z.// 1 5 / 77%;. 0. m N r. .m 7 \. L m X N The Only Weekly Agr VOL. C Whole 282 -—2 The Michigan Farmer Established 1843. Copy right 1915. The Lawrence Publishing Co. Editors and Proprietors. ' 39 to 45 Congress St. West. Detroit. Michigan TELEPHONE MAIN 4:)20. ' NEW YORK OFFICE—41 Park Row. ' CHICAGO OFFC 5—604 Advertising Building. ~ CLEVELAND OFFICE—10114015 Oregon Ave.. N. E. . PHILADELPHIA OFFICE—114418 Twelfth sz. M, J. LAWRENCE ..................................... President M. L. LAWRENCE................................Vicc-Prcsidcnt , E. H. HOUGH'I‘ON .................................... Sec-Tress. l. R. WATERBURY ................................. . BURT WERMUTH ......................... - .......... Associate . FRANK A_ WILKEN ................................. Editors ‘ ALTA LAWSON Ll'XTELL ....................... I E. H. HOUGH'I‘ON -------------------------- Business Manager TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One year, 52 issues..........................................50 cents Two years, 104 issues .......................................... 1.00 Three years, 156 issues ....................................... $1.25 ; Five years, 260 issues ........................................... 2.00 All sent postpaid. Canadian subscriptions We a year extra for postaze. RATES OF ADVERTISING: 40 cents per line agate type measurement. or $5.60 per inch tl4 agate lines per inch) per insertion. No adv‘t In serted for less than $1.20 each insertion. No obicction able advertisements inserted at any price. Mem Standard Farm Papers Association and Audit Bureau of Circulation. —Entcrtl as second class matter at the Detroit. Michigan, postotlice. ph'rRorr, OCTOBER 2, has CURRENT COMMENT. Anthracnose a n d t The Anthracnose bacterial bean blight Problem. are two fungous dis— . eases of beans which have given Michigan bean growers much trouble in recent years. The problem of avoiding serious loss ,es from the effects of these dis- eases has been considerably Increased this year because of the prevalence of weather conditions which favored the growth of fungi. With a more general prevalence of these diseases, an in- creased pick in this year’s bean crop is certain. The problem is further complicated by a new ruling on the part of federal officials who are charged with the en- forcement of the national pure food law, a ruling having been made against the inter-state shipment or sale of beans affected with anthrac- nose. From information at hand it ap« pears that no specific definition has been laid down as to beans which will be condemned by federal inspectors under this ruling. Owing to the im- portance of such a move 011 the eve or the marketing of Michigan’s bean crop, which comprises more than 70 per cent of the total white bean product of the country, steps are now being taken by the organization of bean growers, co—operating with the bean jobbers’ association and the bean can- ners, to get a definite standard of pur- ity or freedom from anthracnose, up- on compliance with which beans will pass inspection for shipment, sale or canning purposes. It was determined rat a meeting of representatives of the interests above mentioned to consti- tute the governor of the state and the state dairy and food commissioner a special committee to take this matter up with the department at Washing- ton with a View of getting this phase of the anthracnose problem solved in a manner which will avoid complica- tions or losses in the marketing and handling of this year’s Michigan bean crop. Action in this important matter is the first official move of. the newly or- ganized Michigan Bean Growers’ As- sociation, and illustrates the benefits of organization among any class of producers which enables them to deal with unexpected problems in a far more satisfactory manner than indi— vidual growers could deal with them if no such organization were in exist— ence. There is no doubt that, under the circumstances, this difficulty will be ironed out in a manner which will give adequate protection to consumers without injustice to either producers or handlers of beans. In any" event, the adoption of a fixed standard will tend to eliminate any injustice which would arise under an indefinite and THE MICHIGA haphazard method of inspection and condemnation of infected beans. The essential point is that it is impossible even by the most painstaking of hand picking to remove all of the beans af- fected with anthracnose from any sample. It has not been demonstrated and, so far as we know, is not claimed that beans affected with anthracnose are deleterious to health when‘used as food. The argument of appearance may be conceded. From the stand- point of the consumer, the making of a rigid standard of inspection would be a greater hardship than to the grower in a season like the present, provided the standard is one with which the grower can comply, since the elimination of practically all af- fected beans from the marketing of an unusually short crop will tend to further raise values, which all con- cerned agree will in any event be high during the current marketing year. Michigan’s two big Michigan’s Big fairs have added a Fairs. worthy chapter to Michigan’s agricul— tural history. From an agricultural point of View both the State Fair at Detroit and the West Michigan Fair at Grand Rapids were of greater in- terest than any similar events in re- cent years, if not in the history of the two organizations under whose aus- pices these expositions were held. From the descriptions which have been previously published, including the live stow: awards which are con- cluded in this issue, the scope of the State Fair has been fairly well de- scribed to Michigan Farmer readers who were unable to attend. The West Michigan Fair which was held in Grand Rapids last week, was a much stronger show than that of last year. The live stock show was good in near- ly all departments; the horse show was excellent, the cattle Show was good, being particularly strong in dairy cattle, while the hog show was fairly representative of Michigan’s pure-bred hog industry, and there was a fair showing of sheep, although this show was not as large as those in the other departments. The poultry Show was good, while the show of fruit and agricultural products was excellent, the later date at which this fair was held, as well as its location in Mich- igan’s fruit belt, together with the lib eral special prizes offered for individ- ual exhibits bringing out a most ex- cellent show in these lines. The farm machinery show was larger than usu- al, extending well over into the new territory recently added to the fair grounds. The weather was ideal, which is very essential for the suc- cess of a one week fair, and the at- tendance was all that the manage- ment could desire. The success of this fair is a matter for congratulation to the management and the people of western Michigan, as the success of the State Fair was for the state agricultural society and the people of the entire state. Reports from the larger district and county fairs which have occurred and are this week being held in many sections of the state, indicate that like interest is being taken in these smaller fairs, although here, of course, the social element enters, as it does not in the larger fairs. Altogether the interest which is being taken in Michigan ag- ricultural fairs by the farmers of the state promises well for the progres- sive future of the state’s agriculture. The improvement of Gravel and Dirt the country roads of Roads. the state has been more marked during the past year than during any year since the enactment of the new high- way law. A. very considerable mileage of county road has been constructed and not a little township road has been built in accordance with the specifications of the state highway de- partment laid down as a requisite fOr, N FARMER state reward. Most of this road is of noticeably superior construction to that built in previous years, showing that the experience gained in the building of this type of road has bee-n of cumulative value in the betterment of our highways. - One criticism which might fairly be made is that gravel roads built in pre- vious years have, in some cases, been neglected to the detriment of the road- way. Just a little labor spent in main- tenance in the way of filling up little holes which have in spots formed in the road bed, and the repairing of road banks where small washouts have oc- curred would add very materially to the life and service of these roads. This would appear to be one of the needed lessons which the road officials of all counties and townships have not yet thoroughly learned. Considerable improvement has also been made in the common dirt roads in many sections of the state, although work on many of them has been de- layed until too late in the season to be of the greatest permanent value. The progress in the betterment of the country highways in- which a larger number of farmers are interested than in the trunk lines is, however, encour- aging, particularly when it is consid- ered that the past season has been one of the worst in many years from the standpoint of road mantenance. In watching the crowds at the big agricultural fairs which have re- cently occurred in this state, even the casual observer could not but be im- pressed with the interest which the farmers from all sections of the state cxhibited in new developments along any line pertaining to their own busi- ness, particularly as related to farm equipment. Whether one saw them in the ma- chinery exhibit thoughtfully inspecting the new implements which they had opportunity of looking over carefully for the first time, in the open field where the tractor demonstrations were being conducted and where the com- parative points of excellence of the various types of tractors were being carefully noted, in the transportation exhibits where automobiles and auto trucks were being looked over with a view to determining the adaptability of the various makes to their special needs, in the live stock department or in the fruit or agricultural products exhibit it was everywhere the 'same, whether singly or in groups the clos- est attention was being paid to the study of details. The educational value of close study of this kind can scarcely be overesti- mated. Literature relating to these various types of farm equipment will be more intelligently studied and the various points of excellence of each will be more carefully compared than could possibly be the case without the opportunity offered at an exhibit of this kind for a direct comparison of both the equipment as a whole and the details of its construction, or the type and quality of the live stock or agricultural exhibits seen. It is for this reason that so much stress has been placed upon the importance of a general attendance of agricultural fairs by the farmers of Michigan. Educational Influ- ence of Fairs. HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK. Foreign. The European Wan—The general trend of military events after several weeks of successive victories, has ap- parently turned against the Teutonic allies. The Russians have developed a counter-oflensive movement which has thrown back the Germans at sev— eral points along the northern half of the battle front, while in Galicia the Slavs continue to add victories to those of the past two weeks. The fighting to the north, however, has been violent and the outcome is yet uncertain, as the Germans are making a desperate effort to add to their re— markable list of victories the capture of Riga. The most spectacular revers- OCT. 2, 1915. es, however, have occurred in the west, where the, Anglo-French armies have co-operated in a general offen- sive movement and captured twenty miles of trenches from the Germans, drivmg the latter back from one-third to two and one~half miles. Up till Monday 20,000 Germans had been cap- tured and the battle still continued. The field operations were aided by the British warships and French and Belgian batteries bombarding the Ger- man pos1tions on the Belgian coast between Zeebugge and Nieuport. The Austrians have also been repulsed by Italian troops. The situation at the Dardanelles has not changed materi- ally. Political affairs in the Balkan states however, are at fever heat since Bulgaria, Roumania and Greece are active mobilizing their armies prep- aratory to a movement of Teutonic troops to assist the Turks. It is pre— sumed that Bulgaria will co-operate, or at least not hinder the Teutons, while the other nations will naturally aid Italy and the Anglo-French allied forces in that they fear Bulgaria may through the acquisition of territory be- come the ruling power in the Balkan regions. Verification of the massacre of Ar- menians by the Turks have reached this country. It is estimated that 50,- 000 Armenians have either been mur— {lered or forced to desert their coun- ry. In a skirmish between Haitien reb- els and United States marines in Haiti 40 native soldiers were killed and 10 Americans wounded. The rebels haVc refused to disarm and the Americans are marching on Haut du Cap. The m-onarchial movement appears from dispatches, to be widening in China, and there is evidence that be‘ cause of the inadequacy of the repub- lic to meet the needs of a civilization so accustomed to monarchial rule, that the old style of government will in time be resorted to. In a note published last week Ger- many concedes to the United States all the proposals made by this coun— try in the dispute connected with the sinking of the steamship William P. Frye by a German submarine. National. Business conditions appear to be ex- panding favorably in this country. Stocks are changing hands on an ad- vancing market at an unusually liberal volume. Nearly all lines of business show healthy growth, building is in- creasing, collections are good, while manufacturers are generally busy and the iron and steel markets are trend- ing upward with the demand increas- mg. A 300~mile highway connecting Tol— edo, Detroit and Mackinaw is the ob- ject of a movement recently started by automobile manufacturers, other interested concerns and private indi- viduals. The road will join at Mack- inaw with the west-Michigan pike, which in turn connects at Chicago with the Dixie highway to New 0r- leans. Eighty passengers of a Southern Pa- cific Mexican train were captured and burned by Yaqui Indians near Torres in the state of Senora, Mexico, last Friday. The Indians are reported to be deserters from one of the Mexican factional armies. Secretary of the Navy Daniels has named his invention board of which Thomas Edison is chairman. In all 22 scientists and inventors have been called to assist the United States navy in its technical problems of de- velopment. The Belgian Relief Commission has collected and disbursed $50,000,000 during the first eight months of its ex istence. This is the greatest relief movement of history. The American response has been so liberal that clothing and feeding the unfortunate people has been practically complete. Thousands of G. A. R. men are ar- riving in Washington for their forty- ninth annual reunion. About 30,000 veterans it is estimated, are to partici- pate in the celebration. An agreement has virtually been reached by the Anglo-French financial commission and eastern American bankers on the details of the proposed half-billion dollar credit loan to Great Britain and France. Four members of the foreign commission are now to confer with western bankers 0"er the tentative terms. A cloudburst just north of Galena, 111., Sunday flooded the municipality from two to ten feet as the water swept through the streets. Thousands of dollars of damage has resulted and the business section of the city has been temporarily demoralized. Fire destroyed 75 houses at Hamp- ton Beach, N. H., last week resulting in a loss of $200,000.. A dynamite explosmn in a subway under Seventh avenue, New York city, : caused a cavein that carried down a surface trolley car which was passing at the moment of the explosion. Sev- en persons were killed and nearly 100 injured. OCT. 2, 1915. THE MICHIGAN FARMER The Essentials Of Tree Repair REE repair, or tree surgery, as it is often called, is the science of preventing and repairing in- juries to the physical framework of trees—wounds, cracks and holes which weaken trees and interfere with their natural growth. The work is carried on by preventing the formation of such holes, by artificially restoring with bolts or wires, the strength which is lost on account of cavities, splits, or incorrect growth of limbs, and by filling or otherwise treating holes so as to stop them from spreading and further weakening the tree. Each of these matters will be taken up later. But first we must find out what weakens and injures the trees and causes the holes. All farmers nowa- days are familiar with the fungous A B A—Vertical Section, Pruned Wrong. B—Pruned Right and Calloused Over. By ELBERT BEETS not been well cared for usually lose one or more of their lower limbs and through the dead stubs thus left de- cay gets into the trunk and hollows it out. The thing to do is to permit only a limited number of limbs to get large and to see that each of them gets plenty of light so it will not be shad- ed out. Weak crotches are another source of danger. Everyone has no- ticed how often silver maples have great wounds in their sides. These are often caused ~by the silver maple’s habit of sending 11p two or more main limbs or trunks, forming a very weak crotch. If the tree is permitted to form only one trunk it can offer a much stronger resistance to an ice storm. Limbs which rub against each other should also be avoided, because Stub was Left and Rot has Entered. C—Young Callous. Dotted Lines Show Cuts to Hasten Growth of Callous. diseases which cause decay of fruits, as the brown rot of apples, or of leaves, as the leaf blight. These in- juries are done by low forms of plants, called fungi. Other kinds of fungi cause the decay of dead or liv- ing wood. If a log is left in the woods it is soon attacked by these fungi, and if part of the wood of a living tree is exposed, the spores of fungi are soon brought to it by the wind and start decay which may, perhaps after many years, so hollow out and weaken the trunk that the tree is starved to death by the cutting off of food from the roots or is broken apart by storms. Once these fungi start work they can only be stopped by cutting them out completely, like a cancer in the human body. Eight—tenths of the work of tree repair consists of preventing the entrance or stopping the growth of and repairing the damage done by fungi. Another tenth consists of oper- ations against boring~insects (about which I shall have space to say very little) and the rest is work caused by such natural forces as lightning and high winds. In tree repair, one ounce of preven- tion is worth several tons of cure. Farmers and fruit growers, especially, should practice prevention, for they cannot often afford the time and men- ey consumed in the treatment of a large cavity which might easily have been prevented by making a cut right instead of wrong, or by daubing a bit of paint on an accidental wound. In discussing prevention I shall speak first of the value of correct pruning, then of the prevention of mechanical injuries, and finally about the treat- ment of bark wounds. _ Prevention by pruning takes two forms: cutting out the right limbs, and cutting them in the right way. All orchardists now realize the import- ance of so training the young tree and forming its framework that when it grows up there will not be too many large limbs, and so that the limbs will not crowd each other and form weak erotches. 01d apple trees which have the exposed wood permits the en- trance of fungi. All weak branches should be shortened or removed, be- fore the wind breaks them off and tears away the bark of the trunk. When a limb has to be cut off the cut should be done in such a way as to hasten the natural healing of the wounds. Wounds are healed by the growth of a callous, which spreads over them from the sides. That cal- lous starts quicker if the cut is a smooth one, not. ragged and torn, and Ragged Wound and Same a Few Years After Treatment. Callous Started. with Tar. grows faster if it is close to the limb or trunk, up and down which the building material (sap) is circulating. So make a smooth cut and make it flush with the trunk. Don’t leave a stub. But even if the cut is made right, decay may get in before the cal- lous covers it, so an artificial covering must be put on, especially if the cut is a large one or the tree is growing very slowly. Good white-lead paint and coal-tar (the genuine article, pro- duced from soft coal in a gas works), .are the commonest applications for wounds, the tar being much the cheap- er. But neither of them is permanent and they must be renewed every sec- ond or third year. There are a num— ber of pruning paints on the market which, although rather \ expensive (about a dollar a gallon) are much more permanent than ordinary paint. I have found it a good thing to apply a thin disinfectant such as carboline- um (which must not be applied to the bark) or stock lime-sulphur solution at the time the cut is made. Then I paint it. with a heavy asphalt pruning paint or coal—tar two or three months later, when the cut had dried out and checked. The paint must be flowed over the cut and not merely used to tint it. When you are spraying with lime-sulphur or Bordeaux see that ev- ery cut or wound is sprayed. Look at all large cuts occasionally and renew the covering if any wood is exposed. A callous sometimes gets bark-bound and its growth can be quickened by cutting a few shallow slits in its bark, paralleled to the edgs of the callous, especially along tin inner lip, near the old cut surface. The second form of prevention is the prevention of wounds through whith fung i may gain entrance to the wood. A gnat many wounds, espe- cially in the orchard and along the street, are caused. by carelessness or negle(t Horses gnaw the trees, caus- ing ragged, uglv wounds Wagons and tools we d11\ en too close to the trees, damaging the bark of the trunk or roots. W'orkmen climb them in spring, when me bark is loose, with heavy shoes on. crushing patches of bark in the crotches. preferably rubber ones. trees. Avoid steel spurs which do great injury. Do not nail fence-wire to a tree, it is neither good for the fence her good for the tree. In cultiL vating the orchard use short single- trees, or wrap the end towards the trees with cloth. Protect young fruit trees from mice and rabbits by the use of tar paper or wire netting. Pro- tect good trees in the pasture or around the barn lot with strong tree guards. In an orchard where the trees are never wounded, there Will be fewer rotten, hollow trees, and fewer unprofitable vacancies. The third way to prevent decay is to attend promptly to the wounds which, in spite of every care, occa- sionally occur. To become skillful in Wound Painted the treatment of. wounds you must study the way the bark of the tree lives and grows and the way fungi get their start. The living, growing part of the tree is a thin soft layer (called the cambium, around the edges of the wound. and that callous will slowly roll across the wound and cover it up. Unless, of course, decay starts and the wood is eaten away. The callous cannot bridge a hole, but will roll helplessly into it. The basic principles of wound treat- ment are three: Save as much of the cambium as you can; do what you can to hasten the healing of the wound; and protect the exposed wood frbm insects and fungus spores until healing is complete. (Continued next week). Always use. light shoes, ; when climbing " Iol’lorolllonll'rodohlmml‘lorc Different “1'an FomWorhThon tractor handsome Hon Who‘s?“ One Man 11:"qu oo Aurel Ono Mu Howl 10 Acre. "A" Thl’ No ' EloiIEi' on. micioi? co“! mu 8?- 00L!" Practical Tools for Profitable Pruning Horticulturist: have prac- tically designed Ba rt 1 at t Pruning Tools. Their sug- gestions and their own ex- perience have combined to pro- , duce pruning tools of quality that are in world-wide use among suc- cessful horticulturists. Bartlett Pruning Tools Strong. Durable. Easy Culling There are several styles of Bartlett Prun- 1b era—three are described briefly herewith. No matter which one you buy you can be cer- tain it is Two-Hand Pruner-- (No.77?) cuts clean ‘33?“ng and easy—docs not from the wound the bark-- right handed .. 26- b e s t o f ., materials —. and is fully guaranteed. . ,1 inch ash handles. 7 $2.00 prepaid. Pruning Saw-- ' (No. 18) lizht g weight" b Ind e ,1 quickly turned ‘ to cut at any N ’ an gl 6. $1. 75 126- {mtg “etiim'i ) 53.50.9npaidd F 00 BEL‘ long pole deduct 500 on 33:11 len DIM or Most dealers carry a complete line of Bart- lett Pruning Tools If yours does not. send direct to us. We' ll see you are supplied promptly. Send for catalogue and free booklet on ‘How and When to fun” BARTLETT MFG. COMPANY. Detroit, Mlch. can length desirede up to 196 feet - -simgl a convenient strong 96.128. foot (2 sections) [0 Lafayette Ave. Eat. Figure Out the Profit M Yourself. $148.75—-$l5l.30—$l49.43——$l49.96 229. 37—3221. 30—5229. 20—S225. 57 e above figures represent the crop values for a ten year period on eight Corn Belt fields. On the four shown in the lower line phosphorus was supplied. The average difference in annual crop valuesis $19.20. The cost of supplying Phosphorus is $1.00 per acre per year. Write us for prices on DAYB REAK FINELY GROUND ROCK PHOSPHATE. FEDERAL CHEMICAL CO. Ground Rock Department 12 Clark St: COLUMBIA. TENN. Kelly'sTREES .1 - : ‘ 130'! 1'0 NAIR. Grown in our own nor - ' % urine and positively free from dilouo. " ‘ 85 years' experience enables us to give you 3 binding guarantee and to deliver these splendid trees direct to your orchard It a figure—Now in the the to plant I pple moo. .Wdh tor our no. catalog and whole-ll. prices. Hell 1. ‘Wholesale Nurseriu. 7?! Iain 5%.. Dannvulo. 1'. Y. You' I.“ never regret pleating Kelly Trees. From 1 to 40 H. P. Bend for catalogue. WILSON BROS. Sole Mfrs. .. Easton. Pa. Malayan-own Fertilizer at nmiicostwitn i & Wilson’s Phosphate Mills l saw your ad. in the Michigan , JuSt Strainer" when writing advertisers 1 1 284—4 THE MICHIGAN FARMER OCT. 2. 1915. Vertical Farming By Effect: of Orchard Blasting With Proved Red Cross ‘ FARM POWDER These cuts are made from photos showing compara- tive growth of pear trees from Spring of 1913 to August. 1914, Belle Orchards. K Norfolk, Va. mont Inc» EL progressive farmers and orchardists know that trees planted in blasted ground grow much faster than those planted in the old way and bear fruit earlier. This proves the truth of the principles of Vertical Farming, which aims to cultivate downward as well as to till the top soil. Three years ago tree plantingin blasted holes was experi- mental—now millions of trees are set out by the Vertical Farming method every Spring and Fall. In like manner, blasting the subsoil to increase general crop yields, now regarded as experimental, will in a few years be common. To learn how and why Vertical Farming may double the yields of your farm, get the Free Reading Course in Ver- tical Farming by Dr. G. E. Bailey, one of the best works on soils and soil culture ever published. Sent free with every request for our Farmer Write now. ’5 Handbook N0. 100 F. Established 1802 DU PONT POWDER C0., Wilmington, Del. llamin 0 to ev week taking orders for our “18 in il $3Ilal1:l(l?'l‘oei. An Automatic Lining end Pulling Jock, F ence Btretcht. r, Splicer and lender, Post and Stump Puller, Tire Tool, Press, Vise, Hoist. Gable linker, Wrench. etc. Sav as cost 06160 worthol mob. Control this new business in your locality. Spare time or permanent work nonatrator red- it given. A all for Factory Agency Offer. 111.00.. 295J Mini-unkind BEST FOR THE “BLUE,“ runamnn: BEST FOR THE ADVERTISER Ohio Farmer, cleveland. Ohio. ( Rate 60c perllne.) gparantt‘eed Ians 1000 Michigan F at ' rcu e, on no Lines . 2 , . . (maggooétpgic‘pnm 56 861 81 12% 31 12;. Pennsylvania Farmer hiladololiia. Pa. Rate So per line.) lndiana Farmer, lndianapolis, Ind. The Progressive Farmer Birmingham—Raleigh Dallas—Memphis. Breeder’s Gazette, Chicag 0. ill. Prairie Farmer Chicago. Hoard’s Dairyman. r1. Atkinson. Wis. Wisconsin :1ng- culturalist, Racine, Wis. The Farmer, St. Paul. Minn. Wallace’s Farmer, Des Moinos. la. Kansas Farmer, Topeka. Kan. Oklahoma Farm Journal, Oklahoma. Okla. 57,101 .25 .25 174, 121 . 80 . 80 98,558 . 60 .60 100,000 .50 .50 67,820 .40 .40 63, 454 . 30 . 30 I40, 855 . 60 .55 80,000 .40 40 61,253 .30 .30 25 51,894 .25 —_ 1,151,917 85.52; 35.47)" These publications are conceded to be the authoritative farm papers of their individunl fields. For further information address OBOROE W. HERBERT. Inc. Western Representative. Advertising Bldg. .. CHICAGO. ILL. WALLACE C. RICHARDsON. Inc. Elstern Befiresentetive. 41 Park Row. W YORK CITY. When writing advertisers mention Michigan Farm 00D farming depends to a great G extent on good up—to-datc fences. With the invention and manu- facture of efficient wire fencing a rev- olution has been werked in the ap- pearance of American farms. The old Got It From‘uade or KITSELMAN Open Hearth wire heevil elven- ;;-flzo Fagfgg; iced—e. rust 'reslstiriyg genoc— 11ml” ' MORSE-HIGH, an 1.1... i, QMa srnono, ’PIe-rlelrr 11“!“ Sold direct to the Farmer at 25 CENTS A ROD Our big tree Catalog of fencebar- .'- ‘ gains shows 1w styles and heights of . ' Farm.Poultry and Lawn Peace at money ‘ caving rleon. It tells how we make wire, why. it’s be why it lasts longer and why Kitselman Fence is l.the most econom cal fence to buy. Let us convince you of these WW te.todny KITSELMAN BROS. Boxm Manolo. Ind. Buy: Our 1 1-2 H. P. GASOLINE ENGINE. With pump M82800. Larger sires proportionately low. It will pay you to investigate the‘ MICHIGAN" Lineof Farm Engines and feed mill 5 Write today for free circular giving full details of our direct from hater] plan. Michigan Engine Co. Station 0, Box 21 Grand Rapidl. Michigan. The Threshing Problem ‘lhreshes cowpeas and soy beans 0 ve from the mown vines. wheat. oats. rye and barley. A perfect oomb1~ "The machine W. I". nation machine. Nothing like it. I have been looking for for 20 years.’ Massey. ‘ It will meet every demand.‘ A. Morgan. D1rentor flenn Exp. Station. Booklet 2] free. Koger Pea & Benn Thresher. rriotown. Tenn. Hodges Potato OR . y for itself in a few do work. Furnished with three screens of different sing meshes. It folds us can easily be onrrle in atop buggy. Every farmer . -nd dealer should have one . " lnaranteed to give perfect ‘ antilfection or money refund- } at (1 ed. Write for particulars. W. B. HODGES. New Hudson. Mich. July 28, 1914. SAWING MACHINE I R E For Farmer-Lumbormon Weighs only 50 pounds. Operated by one man. standing up. Saws low dowu. One man can tell more trees than two men with cross- -cnt sow. Brand new invention , astoniahos eve r y bo d y. Fbldinz. easily carried; nova lnbor and backache Every owner of a wood lot will surely have it.- Circular free. GLOBE MACHINE CO. 6 Bank Bldg" Machine. "0. . ,i. ,...;., time “snake" rail fence which occu- [pied nearly four acres of groundin ifencing a 160-acre farm into four ‘fields has disappeared and in its stead ithe slender strings of wires protect l our growing crops. Woven wire fences 'are long past the experimental stage land all, or practically all, of those on [the market today are standards, with [varying styles to suit different pur. poses. In building a woven wire fence it is [very important that the posts be set as firmly in the ground as possible. [On my farm the end posts of the fences are about twelve inches in diameter and set four and one-half feet in the ground. I have found that [the bigger the post .and the deeper it is set the cheaper it is in the long run. These posts are well anchored with a block of wood two by six by 24 inches at the foot of the post. Small stones are well tamped into the hole around each post. In my next setting of end posts I am going to put plenty of cement in the hole around the posts as this gives much better results than any other material. The post will be protected from decay and it is sure to be firm. The usual practice of mortis- ing the end and second posts for the brace is not a good one as the mor- tise both weakens and provides a. place to hold moisture and start de- cay. The surface of the posts should be merely smoothed off and then the brace firmly spiked on. I like No. 9 wire to use for the wire brace, firmly spiking it to the posts and passing once around both top and bottom and then twist until a taut cable is se- cured. The second post need not be as large as the first, or end post, but it should be larger than the other inter- mediate posts and set rather deep also. My method of bracing is a good one, although there are a number of other good ways and whatever meth— od is chosen let the work be done well as this is one of the most important features in erecting a satisfactory Wire fence. i In woven wire fences the work of the intermediate posts is not very heavy. The line post is merely re- quired to bear the weight of the wire and withstand any strain which may be placed upon it. However, I want my intermediate posts to be firmly set, each being placed to a depth of [not less than two and a half feet in ithe ground and each measuring about six inches in diameter. Customs vary as to the distance apart of placing posts. They are usually from 20 to 40 feet apart, but personally I prefer them placed just one rod apart. If the fence is a temporary one the posts may be. placed much farther apart than this and they may not be set very deep in the ground, but in build- ing a fence that is to remain, setting the posts about one rod apart and deeply in the ground is much the bet- ter plan for it will be strong and stand up well, provided the wire is properly put on. Set Posts in the Fall. I very much prefer to set the posts in the fall or early winter, letting them freeze. in the ground, then next spring while the ground is still frozen go out on a sunny day and put on the woven wire and every post will be as firm as it is possible to make them. The stretchers can be hooked on any- where Without bracing, and the fence drawn as tight as desired without loosening the posts. The wire can 'be stretched very much tighter and in one-fourth the time it would take if the posts were set in the spring in ‘1'.- ii, ”......._ a... . .__ .. Points In Fence Building loose earth. One winter I set nearly a mile of posts and put Wire on the next spring. I did not, however, set enough and had to set about 40 more posts. It took me as long to get that 40 rods of fence up tight as it did to make the mile where the posts were set in the Winter, and then I did not have as good a job with all my pains- taking. In putting up a woven wire fence my plan is to begin at the oppo— site end of the fence from which I wish to use the stretchers and unroll the fence a short distance, then bring the end of the wires around the post and fasten with the loops, then finish unrolling the fence with the bottom wire towards the post. I use a pair of double stretchers, or fence jacks, as we callthem. When ready to stretch the fence one man uses the stretchers while another works along the line, seeing that everything is all right. I never do this work in a hurry but give the wire time to get all the extra slack tightened out. It always pays to make the fence tight when putting it up, and if it is the right kind of a. fence it will always be tight, provided the posts do not loosen. After fasten- ing the wire around the posh-"here the stretchers are, I staple the fence to the line posts with galvanized stap- les, being careful not to drive them up tight, as I want the strain to be left on the end posts. Illinois. W. M. HARDY. FIELD MEETINGS IN KENT. A series of field demonstration meet- ings is being held in Kent county, in charge of J. Hackley Skinner, county agriculturist, and they are proving very successful. A recent meeting was held on the fruit farm of Robert D. Graham, of the stat, board of agricul< ture, located two miles west of Grand Rapids, which was well attended. 08- car W. Braman, president of the Grand Rapids Fruit Growers’ Associa- tion, presided and the speakers includ— ed Eben Mumford, of East Lansing, director of county agents in the state, Profs. Shoesmith and McCool, of the M. A. C., C. Hunsberger, of Grand Rapids, and Prof. E. J. Fermier, of the agricultural and mechanical engineer- ing school at College Station, Texas. Mr. Mumford urged the benefits of the group system of co-operatio'n and spoke of the perils of individualism in agriculture. “We will not get far,’ he said, “until we have many meetings like this one. There is stimulus in the group. We must learn to work to gether, to pool our experiences and to work unitedly in disposing of our pro- ducts. We must advertise and use broad methods.” “The field meetings are important," said Prof. Shoesmith. “Many of our problems cannot be studied indoors. The college is trying to be a factor in these meetings and invites co-opera- tion in the use of tested grains.” Prof. McCool spoke of soil tests re- cently made in Kent county, showing lack of lime, nitrogen and phosphorus. The sandy types of soil analyzed seemed to have enough potash. Prof. Fermier is an Indiana man, a graduate of Purdue and brought pleas ant greetings to his'Michigan friends from the Texas school. The last speaker was Gerald Fitzgerald, a for- mer Grand Rapids lawyer, now in charge of the Merrill orchards in Tex- as. Through co-operation the growers in his section met with marked suc- ceSS in handling their tomato crop this season. ' The large peach orchards of Mr. Graham, alfalfa and bean fields, were inspected and very beneficial results were noted in tile drainage, with fine crops growing where there was only willow brush and cat tails two years ago. ' - Kent Co. ALMOND. GRIFFEN. ,OCT. 2, 1915. LIME VS. i-‘ERTILIZER. I wish to get information on the' use of hydrated lime which I can buy in carlots at a nominal price. I would have a four mile haul. My land is heavy clay muck, called black ash land. I have upwards of 170 acres in crop, about 60 of which is in meadow. I have about 40 head of stock at an average but can not pro- duce enough manure to do this much ground justice. How much of this lime per acre applied with a lime sower would produce benefic1al re— sults? The price of the lime is about one-fourth that of high-grade fertil- izer. Could fertilizer be applied to the land with a lime SOWeI‘ with enough better results to warrant the difference in the price? Could either be applied on the frozen ground or on the snow? I renew the meadow after the third crop. Wayne Co. H. S. The proper use of lime is for the correction of an acid soil. So long as our soils grow the clovers readily, there is little occasion for liming them. Lime is not a fertilizer in any sense of the word, although it may act as a liberator of available plant food already in the soil to some ex- tent. As a top-dressing for meadows, 1. complete commercial fertilizer would be more practical and beneficial, but where meadows are re-seeded after the third crop as noted in this inquiry, it is .a better plan to apply either lime or fertilizer when the ground is being fitted for re-seeding. While fertilizer can be used as a top-dressing for meadows with fair success, either lime or fertilizer will give better results if thoroughly incorporated with the soil when the seed bed is being prepared. If there is no difficulty in getting clo- ver seedings, there would be little ,necessity of liming this soil. It would be profitable, however, to experiment in a small way to determine whether liming is beneficial, using hydrated lime at the rate of about one ton per acre. A liberal dressing of fertilizer when the meadows are re-seeded would without question be a profitable investment. LIME AS FILLER IN FERTILIZER. There is a brand of fertilizer being sold in this vicinity that is claimed to contain a lime filler; is that a good way to buy lime? Washtenaw Co. J. W. T. Ground limestone is sometimes used as a filler in fertilizer, also moulders’ sand, Fuller’s earth, muck, etc., which- ever is the most convenient and the cheapest for the manufacturers. Muck adds a little organic matter and is therefore of some value to the land. But ground limestone is always of some value, nearly all soils are bene— fited by it, and it cannot possibly do any harm, even though the land does not at the time need lime. All soils will eventually need lime, hence where an artificial filler is necessary I would prefer that it be ground limestone to anything else. The farmer pays nothing for' this artificial filler. The price of the fer- tilizer is based on the per cent of nitrogen, phosphorous and potash it contains and not on the filler. For in- stance, take a 2:822 fertilizer. The manufacturers guarantee two per cent or 40 pounds of nitrogen, eight per cent, or 160 pounds of phosphoric acid and two per cent, or 40 pounds of pot- ash in one ton. If the natural filler of the ingredients used does not make one ton, then he uses an artificial filler, but he does not charge for this, so what lime you get in a fertilizer costs you nothing, and if the land is sour it will help correct this acidity. COLON C. LILLIE. SAWDUST AS A FERTILIZER. Kindly advise regarding the value of sawdust as a fertilizer. Oakland Co. A. F. Except on very hard clays where its mechanical effect would be beneficial, sawdust will not have any great value as a fertilizer. When dry it can be used to some extent as a stable ab- sorbent and thus become a more valu- The Man Sixty-six years ago Henry Sonneborn founded this fabrics are used. usiness. He started on a basis of honest value all the way through. Today this business has grown to such gigantic size that we are the largest clothing manufacturers in the world. We buy the most wooIens. We have the biggest plant. We have cut manufacturing costs right down to the bone. We serve the greatest public with the best goods at the lowest cost. Today the kindly features of Henry Sonnebom are famous throughout the land. They mean “A Square Deal" to thousands and thousands of men all over the United States. His portrait appears on every Styleplus suit and overcoat as our Trademark of Honest Quality. Men look for this trademark as the pledge of splendid clothes, guaranteed wear, and the medium price. Styleplus Clothes $l 7 are “made of the right stuff." They are strong as iron. Only all-wool Look For this Label in the coat before. HENRY , . Sigié‘fi‘i‘n‘s .Elgihes the high cost 9_u_t of Clothes ‘ and put the Value 11.1 l St Ie Ius CIottiDes,....lIf.IZ "The same price the world over." Strength and Style. In Styleplus for $l 7 you get more Wear, more Style, more Value all the way through, than you could ever get for $20 to $25 Style plus through-and-through quality (all wool fabrics) plus perfect fit (for every man of every age and physique) plus economy (you save at least $3 to $8 on each suit) plus guaranteed wear (a written guarantee with every Styleplus). You know the price before you go into the store— $I 7 always, everywhere. Watch your local newspapers for advertisements of the nearest Styleplus Store. Look for Styleplus in the Store Window. If you don't know this Store write us and we will tell you where it is. Write us [DepL H! {for free copy of "The Slyleplu: Book." Founded l849 from inferior goods who to 0k These are made up to give both SONNEBORN & CO., Inc. Baltimore. Md. It protects you r _ This Range Can’t Crack or Break §llIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIlllllllllllllllIlIlIIIlIllllIllllllllllllllr-Ig \\ \\\ . : § ONARCH Ranges are made of mal- Y‘ - leable (tough unbreakable) iron cast- *‘T "' Wm»- ings and copper bearing sheet metal plates. All joints are riveted—tight,‘ ' _ . solid, lasting. That’s why the MONARCH has all the good qualities you want in a range and best of all continues year after year to give the same satiSo factory service as when new. Good baking, easy control, fuel economy, long service. All these things depend directly on how a range is built. You should know all about such things before buying. Get the free book offered here“ Learn about the advantages of the DUPLEX DRAFT Learn how the MIRCO-PROCESS top stays polished and bluishw black Without Stove Blocking. , —how our exclusive system of Triple Asbestos Walls insures lfi I against damage from within the fines by rust or corrosion \ =§__=_ ' ’ —how the MONARCH Range in every detail is designed to § § save time and worry on the part of the kitchen worker. § E When you know about all these good points of the MON- § 2 @imuimmrmmmmiminimum \\. ed \\\ s § FRE § "The Range Problem” An illustrated range book one cent post card brings it I!!! ARCH Range you will be surprised that its price is so little higher than the price of ordinary ranges. MALLEABLE IRON RANGE CO. 823 Lake Street Beaver Dam. Wis. SAVE YOUR CORN THIS YEAR "A“ ‘ ’ FIRE-PROOF — ml r-Pnoor - wm ruzn-Pnoor A Marshall porn Crib costs no more than the old style wooden crib. Built of perforated galvanized iron. Lasts a life-time. EaSily erected in a few hours. Furnishes complete protection against rats, birds, fire, mold and thieves. 1] Lightning or weather can't damage your crop: Stops waste — " stops loss and saves you big money. Ventilating shaft makes ‘ L { corn cure better, keep drier, free from mould. ado in circular a? style like illustration or in single or double shed styles With drive— I ‘ way. Manysizes to choose from. Prices $47 .60 and up. Freight paid. SEND FOR MY 816 FREE CATALOG— TODAY A t card will brin it. Gives complete information regarding all sizes and sfi es of Marshall c be. Whore more convenient for purchaser we Will ship :3 .. .. ’11:. at once and allow payment after harvest. Address J. D. Overt-alt. Pros. 3: ;: :: ;.;.:-, IRON CRIB 0. DIN 60., Boxloo . Wooster. Ohio My... ““h- .. w EST llllllM ALVANIZEII SHEETS STRONG DURABLE AND FIREPROOF. Reasonab e in cost. APOLLO Formed Roof~ ing and Siding Products are sold by weight; FOR OULV'ERTS, FLUMES, ROOFING. Cisterns. tanks, silos and sheet metal work. . Made from Knvs'roms COPPER BEARING = Steel. Highest unlit and the most; rust- by leadln dealers. Aces I: no substitute. repellentgalvan zed s eets manufactured Send for roe “Better Bui dings" booklet. AMERICAN SHEET AND 'I’IN PLATE OOMPANY. General Offices: Frick Building, Pittsburgh. Pa. able fertilizing agent. When writing advertisers please mention The Michigan Farmer At Our Risk You Can Prove It. Don't waste good money on tire pumps that either break your back. or pllll'p Rubber Rotting oil particles or gasoline fumes Lnto your tires. Take No Chances At our risk you can prove that the “Dead Easy" is quicker. safer, easier and cheaper than any other tire pump, , either engine drive or hand power. Free Trial Offer—Write today. NOW, for lJ-day—no money-in- 1dvance~free trial tiller. GLOBE MANUFACTURING COMPANY. ' 60 Grant St... Battle Creek. Mich. """ ' . . m For general farm use. Finely pulverized. made from highest high calcium stone. Quirk sliipn'ivlzi.‘ in closed curs. Let us send annple and price. Northern Lime Co.. Petoskey.Mich. Pulverized lime rock for "sour" 30118. Write for LOW PRICES DIRECT TO YOU and we will send sample and full particu— - lars. Writetooffioe .' *t . LAKE SHORE ST ONE (‘OMPXINATiH you Muskegoii. Mich. and Benton Harbor. Mich —You should get the highest grade of limestone manufactured. Buy it upon the basis of analysis. We manufacture the highest grade pul- . verizsd limestone sold in M ivhi an Let, us prove it. Ask for sample and analysis. g CAMPBELL STONE 00.. Indian Rlvor. Mich. IlEIl wave SEED 35mm. g',3:.‘:..“"“iv¥i:2“i“‘ M- . C and description. . TAYLOR. Milan).r Npi'llégf \WINTER VETCH NEW CROP MICHIGAN GROWN YOUNG-RANDOLPH S EED CO.. Owe-co. Mlchlgon Hairy Vetch Seed For Sale 15v pound. $8.01) bushel. Hook f DURR D. BUELL. Elmira, Miciiighn. 1 “Dmn' EASY” «RYE and VETCH NIIX'I‘U WANTED SEND SAMPLES FOR I ID ¥(E) YOUNG-RANDOLPH SEED (10., Owosso, Mlch.‘ Mammoth Glover Wanted. Also other clovers and Timothy seed. Send sample and price to O. M. Scott & Sons Co. 12 Main St. Marysville. 0. _.F ‘ ' IIIIIIIIIIS FIIII IIIlIIIIII .3:..°§6‘o“£‘.§i‘3§2"';‘§$a“i rent stamp. W. E. LECKY. Holmeovllle. Ohio. FIIX. IIUIIN. SKIIIIK INIIIIAIIIII HOUNIIS Broke to sun and field. Prices right. Fox and Coon hound pups $5 each. Stamp for reply. H. C. LYTLE, Fredericksburg. Ohio. 4000 FERRETS FOR SALE i Price list free. c. J. DiMicK. Rochester. Ohio. FERRETS FOR SALE. Catalogue tree. 0. D. MURRAY. B. 2. New London. Ohio. ,. “so..."mvuwk, ... .. .. 285--6 HAN D POWER S TUMP PULLER The immense. stump shown above—a fir 5 feet in diameter—was pulled by C. E. Prather. of 7431 Gatewood Ave, Seattle.Wash.,with a "K" HAND-POWER STUM P FULLER—the "Krupp Steel W onder" that will pull any stump 3 Ha cable will hold. Built for the heaviest kind of Free work. I have sold hundreds, lbooklet andhaoe ni’varharlcomplaint :3; Land nora request for repairs ”£77133“ ’Adopted by U S. Gov't and request. muny‘Stzitcs. Makes clearing an easy, one-man job. Docs work easiest. 'IIIII' J' quickest. Fltmatnck w . f h t ‘ ‘ ‘ rite orp o 05 g?" l' '53.“: a; showing‘dt" at work. Got my special money so ring offer. ithe THE MICHIGAN FARMFIK HE great question that is at- tracting the attention of the ag— riculturists and practical 'econ- omists is maintaining the fertility of soil. It. is a. matter which has been given a good deal of considerzv tion by a few apprehensive and thoughtful ones who have the pros- perity and future welfare of the peo- ple of the country in mind; and while the truths uttered ought. to have arous- ed attention among the masses. we must. admit that the ones who treat London Sta". .lld sun- clflono o tho cows truo Pasture Comfort. The single slack chain at: top and bottom of stanchion permits the cow to turn her head freely in any direc- rection. No cracks or crevices . High Curb (ll_mches) keeps cows from nosing and wasting it. London Utter Carrion pay for tho-coho. In a by! months. The boy can do a man’s work: no loss of llqutd manure; no dangerous ratchets or brakes to get out. of order; carrier stands safely at any height, loaded or empty; onetBound pull on hoisting chain rinses forty pounds In e box. MES" Free Books ’ I'll Plans may be _wortb hundreds of dollars to on 7 It you build a barn. _ fry-six barn plan 0:: ounce. ay ' sheds. 9242., described in ( etail. It Is free If you will tell us how many cows. horses and other stock you wont to house \\ ‘ Modern misgmm‘fi'qffm in the construction to catch and hold dirt. Built-U out fe London Dairy Barn Equipment Catalog is the most com- pletewa on the suin-ct ever publish-d. his full of com- morhsenso facts that every dairymnn should know. London utter. Feed Merchandlse and Milk Can Car- rier Catalog is chock-full of dollarfiavmginionnzztion on carriers. Semi (or-it. the disagreeable wheelbar- row for the "Louder: Way." The louden Machinery '3? (135) Falrfloid, Iowa Is 13 Brigg. Ave. (Est. 1867) COOKED FEED Saves You Money Learn what. agricultural col- lege and experimental station men say. Write for printed matter on the ‘ ‘Farmers’ Favorite” Feed Cooker and Boiler Just the thing for cooklng feed ‘~ for poultry and stock, heating water for cows —l)utchcring of hogs—washing. etc, rendering lard and tallow. sterilizing dairy utensils. Satisfact on guaranteed. Today. LEWIS MF‘G (20., @78 Owego St.. Cortland, N. Y. at. World‘s Original [EARN AUCTIONEERING and 6mm, gem, ' d become independent with no capital invested. ‘ Eliza” branch of the business taught In 5 weeks. oiling sap, etc. 6 sizes. Write N0 "RICK FOUNDATION t l . .‘ib’h‘iiyfii'r‘ifs'ddoofbr we'rxonmnmc 28 N. Sacramento Blvd., Chicago. Ill. Carey M. Jones. Pres. Best Food for Pig's "OLASSES andCakmo. TOLEDO IOLASSES 00., Dept. II'. as Huron 8t..Tolodo. 0. the matter indifferently are in the majority. i There are. those who prefer to pur- (chase plant foods in the shape of com- ‘mercial fertilizers, hoping to use the isoil as a receptacle of the elements lnecessary for the production of a crop lwithout building it 111) in nature’s way. Such schemes have. and always will, prove failures in time, for several rea- sons. it is only when We comply with nature’s way of supplying vegetable matter of the right kind. and allow it. to pass through the processes of de- cay, we can furnish the required con« ditions for the production of maxi« mum farm crops. Excremcnt from farm animals which have been con- suming the right kind of feeds, ap- plied and mixed with the soil furnish~ es the vegetable matter, and plant food, necessary for the growth of crops in the very best possible man- ner yet discovered. Such is the evi- dence furnished by nations which have supported a large population for several thousands of years. While we may look upon China as a nation slow to become modernized, as we look at matters, we might do well to study and imitate, to a considerable extent, their methods of saving and utilizing the excrement of animals. Our Enormous Wastes of Manures. One of the lecturers at the Round- up Institute at: the M. A. C. in the present year. made the statement that there is a general loss in handling barnyard manures in this country of over 50 per cent of its original value. This may not seem so appalling at first thought, but when we consider that during the four winter months the value of the farmyard manures reaches, in the United States. the huge sum of $1,063,000.000. Let us figure that the four months is but one-third {of the year, and that the process of production is going on the whole year, there must be produced during the year three times the amount mention- ed, which would reach $3,189,000.000. During the whole year there are loss- es by washing, leaching, fermentation, decay and evaporation of fully 50 per cent, the total loss annually must reach $1.594,500,000. When we study those figures, is it not time to consider the avenues of waste, and, if possible, adopt means that will prevent the enormous wastes on the farms in our own state? Washing and Leaching. Farmers have been so accustomed to throw the manure from the stable in a pile in the barnyard, and leave it until it is convenient to haul it to the fields, that they do not give the mat— ter of loss by washing and leaching any consideration. Usually but little of the value of the solids of the ma- nure is lost in the stable, but great losses occur after it'is thrown in a ;pile. The manure in the stable, sat- r‘urated by the urine contains more than 50 per cent water. The moisture ‘in the manure holds in solution the 3greater part of the plant foods which the manure contains. When the rains fall upon the manure and the water from the melted snow soaks into it, the leaching process carries away 'much of the soluble plant foods and it is lost beyond recovery, for it is either carried away in the water as it flows in the surface to the streams, or sinks into the ground'where, for all practical purposes, it'is' wasted. If Wastes In Stable Manure one would watch a manure pile during a season like the present rainy one, they could easily see how it wastes away; one-half the bulk has disap- peared, and probably more than half the value has been carried away. The Cornell University Experiment Station has made some investigations along these lines. They found that horse manure exposed in a pile six months during six spring and summer months lost. 65 per cent of its value, and that cow manure exposed the same time lost 32 per cent. Undoubt- edly the horse manure lost much by fermentation. Loss of Liquids. As most plank stable tloors are con- structed the liquids which are not; ab sorbed by bedding are lost. It has been the custom to so construct sta- ble iloors, whether plank or earth; in a way to effectually got. urine: it. has been looked upon as a nuisance and a hindrance in maintain— ing cleanliness in the stable. When we calculate that the urine contains about one—half the value in nitrogen and potash, we can see what en0r~ mous wastes are sustained by not de- vising means by which the urine can be retained and carried along to the fields with the solids, where it can be immediately utilized by the growing crops, leaving the plant foods in the solids to become available later. While attending farmers' institutes in one of our northern counties, a wealthy gentleman invited me to visit his place as he wished me to see his newly constructed dairy barn and sta— ble. One of the first things he show- ed me was his plan to get rid of what he called the filth. He had a gutter so constructed that the urine would all run to one corner of the stable. and he had a tile. drain laid to carry it to a creek near by. I told him that he had planned to get rid of about one-half the value of the fertilizing value of his manure. At first he seem- ed incredulous, but: after I had ex- plained that; the urine contains the wastes and wornout material of the animals’ bodies, and they were in a soluble form, ready to be taken up. at once by the growing plants he seemed to see the truth of the matter. He said, “That looks reasonable, and I will stop up my tile in the corner of the barn and use absorbents in the gutter in order to take up the urine and carry it to the fields." It is need- less to say that the owner of the barn was afterwards emphatic in his prais- es of farmers’ institutes. Fermentation and Heating. There seems to be but a few who fully realize the enormous losses sus~ tained by fermentation and heating, while some classes of manures are in piles. AS steam arises from the piles ammonia escapes and the. loss is rap- id and complete. The manure from farm animals is of two classes: one called cold ma- nures, and the other the warm ma— nures. The manure voided by cattle and hogs is what is called cold ma- nures, and that voided by horses. sheep and poultry is called warm ma- nures. The warm manures, if piled only a little, heat readily and losses begin. The cold class of manures do not heat very quickly, except when mixed with lighter materials, like some light kind of bedding, when it will also heat, and losses will begin. Sheep manure, though the richest in plant foods, heats quickly and be- comes what we call “fire fanged.” The heating often occurs in the stable when the sheep are being housed and the flockmaster or owner is uncon- scious of any losses. When the ma- nure is taken out of the stable or shed, if there are any light, moldy places, it is evidence that the heating- process has been going on and that part of the value has been burned out. That part of the manure which has lid of the- ‘OCT. 2, 1915. been through the heating process has lost much of its original value. If plans by which the washing and leaching, and fermentation and heat- ing, and wasting of liquids, can be avoided, it is safe to estimate that the manures produced and used on the farms would carry within them to the fields at least twice the value that is contained within them as they are or" dinarily handled. Such plans would mean the saving of millions of dollars in intrinsic value to the farmers of both farm and crop values. It would mean better and richer farms, better crops, more prosperous farmers, and better general conditions among the residents in the country. Wayne Co. N. A. CLAPP. LIVE STOCK NEWS. Corn belt men who are after breed- ing ewes find very little western stock available as ranchers are holding back most of their yearling ewes for their own use next season. High prices are prevailing at this time and only last week some made a new record at Kansas City of $7.65, averaging 99 lbs. The desire to get back into the sheep and lamb business is strong with most farmers because of the remarkably high prices scored in 1915. It will take several years before prices will be forced down to an unprofitable basis but the man who waits until ev- erybody else is back in the “game" will find that his chance of profit is materially reduced. Illinois State Veterinarian O. E. Dy- son has abandoned his idea of estab- lishing a quarantine division at the various stock yards of the state for cholera infected hogs and those ex- posed to the disease,.eliminating a severe loss to the hog growers which would have resulted had his plan been carried out. His tentative plan met with severe opposition among the live stock men of the state and they are pleased that he has given up the idea. Had he been successful in accom- plishing his end the hog raisers of other states would have undoubtedly been forced to market offerings under the same conditions in time to come. The abandonment of the plan indirect- ly helps the hog raisers of the entire country. Sheep and lambs have sold remark- ably well, with a few exceptions, thus far this year and corn belt sheep growers will long remember 1915 as one of the big profits. The receipts have been far below normal and the prices earlier in the year soared to heretofore unheard of levels and even now lambs are bringing record prices for this time of the year. There is no doubt that many will return to the raising of ovine stock next spring and it is predicted that prices will be prof- itable although even the most bullish do not anticipate a repetition of the phenomenal prices of April and May of this year. The second week of September wit- nessed the largest run of range cattle at Chicago for the season to date and a new top of $9.10 was recorded for prime heavy Montana steers. This price will undoubtedly be surpassed 1n weeks to come as quality of west- ern stock will be better than usual, due to good pastures and plenty of feed, and the crop will be short of normal volume. During 1914 some reached $10, the record for western rangers exclusive of Canadians which sold up to $10.25 in 1912. Best range cattle made $8.65 in 1913 while none sold higher than $7.90 in 1911. Heavy hogs are not selling very well although some had anticipated a better call for this class by the first week in September. Weighty ani— mals have. been marketed freely all season and many are of the opinion that farmers are nearly out of them. With a let—up in receipts of heavy hogs the prime ones will certainly ad- vance in price as light weights are be- coming more numerous every week. Quality of the light lots is poorer than a short time ago and there is a spread of 25@500 between prime ones and the grassy kinds. Pigs have become more numerous but demand holds out fairly well as offerings are remarkably healthy. Cattle trade has been comparatively erratic for several weeks but the de- mand for prime heavy bullo-cks is gradually improving and in weeks ahead traders anticipate that this class will sell remarkably well. Only a small proportion of the receipts in late weeks consisted of heavy steers and buyers are taking every one to be had and still are compelled to go short. Last fall and early this spring weighty steers were relatively poor sellers and now there are few left in the country the packers are paying good prices for them. OCT. 2, 1915. THE MICHIGAN FARM.ER Observation 5 In Dairying dairyman who makes butter at home. OME interesting facts about the dairy business in the writer’s lo- cality, have been gleaned through observation and inquiry. These facts which are general in nature, show a gradual increase in interest along this line among farmers. Some side lights thrown on the question, may also prove of interest to readers of this paper. An observation of the dairy business in this section, covering the last three or four years, reveals beyond a doubt, a steady increase in interest in this line of farm work. The boom in the price of good mileh cows which at- tended the initial steps in the move- ment, has never quite subsided. Good cows are always in demand, at rec- ord—breaking prices. Steadily the num- ber of cows in a given neighborhood has increased, till insome instances, the herds have been doubled or even trebled. From keeping three or four cows, farmers have augmented the number to eight or ten or a dozen. The Change in a Community’s Agri- culture. Hand in hand with this growth in dairying, has gone a falling off in the number of sheep fed. For many years this section has been one of the sheep feeding centers of Michigan. Western lambs by the thousands have been shipped here, each year, and re—ship- pod after months of feeding, to east- ern markets. In time past, this has been a wonderfully profitable and pop- ular business, but uncertainties of late years, coupled with a growing tenden— cy to keep more cows, has worked a change. Sheep feeders are still with us, feeding their thousands of sheep each year, but. in general the industry is confined to a few experienced feed- ers. In the main, the small farmers have fallen away, and are now keep- ing cows instead. Fifteen years ago everybody fed sheep; today it is one farmer in eight or ten. Out of this increase in dairying has grown a steady increase in a kindred industry—410g raising. The modern cream separator which has without a doubt, been a prominent factor in stimulating interest in the industry of dairying, has also been a factor in the por’ker side of the business. In for- mer years the waste product sent back to the farm from the creamer-y, was held of little value either for calves or hogs. Now all is changed. The milk from the separator, fed warm to the calves and hogs, is considered excel- lent food. It is literally true that some farmers who never owned a creditable-looking bunch of hogs, are now successful hog raisers, simply be- cause they possess a few more cows and a cream separator. The Development of the Marketing End. In looking over the ground to get an insight into the various phases of the innovation mentioned, some. surpris- ing facts are revealed concerning the marketing of milk and cream. Farm- ers living withing practicable hauling distance of a local co-operative cream- ery patronize almost to a man, this concern. But outside this territory a diversity of opinion may be found in regard to marketing. From a single neighborhood, a cheese factory, a con- densary and two creameries claim pat- ronage. In the opinion of the farm- ers, all these concerns yield profitable returns. The difference of opinion arises in regard to the relative merits of the several available markets. In general, farmers seem to like best to sell where they can retain the separat- ed milk. Without this, the hog-raising part of the scheme falls to the ground. The fact that cash returns are slight- ly higher from a concern which does not permit the retaining of the milk, has weight, of course, with some. New Interest in Home Butter Making. In a running sketch of the various phases of dairying here, the minority ought not to be omitted. between, as a rule, are these farmers who make butter. Good dairy butter is at a premium most of the year. Signs may be seen of a reawakened interest in home butter making. Whether or not this tendency will be- come strongly marked, remains for time to reveal. The unsupplied de- mand for good dairy butter is the most powerful factor in renewing in- terest in this phase of the industry. As the writer has before stated in these columns, the silo has undoubt- edly been an important factor in awak- ening the farmer to the possibilities of dairying. With amazing rapidity, these structures have risen and form a conspicuous part of the landscape. Like the cream separator, the silo has played no small part in bringing about the innovation mentioned in this arti- cle. Twenty years ago the majority of the farmers in this section fought shy of dairying except on a diminu—i .tive scale. They considered cows a sort of necessary evil. that: even today a farmer may occa- sionally be found who will tell you there is no money in keeping cows. But the testimony of the majority dis— proves these statements of isolated individuals. Cows are held to be val- uable and profitable property, these days, and a herd of good milkers is a very satisfactory and comforting spec- tacle to most farmers. interest is marked and is as permanent as any phase of diversified farming. llillsdale (‘0. J. A- KAisirn. USING SALT IN SILO. . Is it: advisable to salt. silage when it is put. in the silo, and if so how much? Should it be used wet or dry? Allegan (10. E. E. D. I never used salt on the corn when filling the silo, and I never heard of it being used. It Would do no harm and I cannot see how it would do any good. Sometimes We use salt on bad- ly cured hay. It does some good be- cause it helps to prevent fermentation by destroying some of the bacteria. Fermentation can go so far in a hay mow that the hay is greatly injured, and in some cases its food value is largely destroyed, and as combustion (spontaneous combustion), will take place. But in a silo the case is different. So much moisture is present, or should be, that fermentation is checked. The corn packs down so closely that all air is excluded, and without oxygen, fermentation ceases. So there is no use for salt in silo, except on top. THE NEXT NATIONAL DAIRY SHOW. The directors and officers of the National Dairy Show have, with a sin— gleness of purpose, been moving in every known direction to secure suffi— ciently positive advice regarding the absolute wiping out of foot-and—mouth disease from our country, to determine their action as to this year’s show, and, as the time for definite announce- ment concerning the 1915 show cannot further be delayed, and despite the fact that the Show Association has made much preparation to go ahead with its annual show, in the interest of the general industry—above all, in the interest of the dairy cow, it has been decided that “Safety First” di- rects that greatest caution guide our movements. Therefore the directors reluctantly are compelled to advise the interested public of the suspen- sion of the 1915 show, and at the same time pledge a “Greater National Dairy Show October 26 to November 4, 1916.” All branches of the dairy industry have promised their united and unstinted support for a world rec- ord show in 1916—3. show that will worthily represent the leading feature of American agriculture—dairying. Ev- erything that is to be undertaken to advance the industry throughout the year of 1915 will have the support of the National Dairy Show officials: and the plans for the 1916 Show Will. be Governm.nt Farmors “allied. Good salaries. F perfected at once. Few and far; It is true, the, 3' The increased ‘ and wide-spread? l I quarters. GRAND PRIZE PANAMA- PACIFIC EXPOSI Tl OIN Awarded‘to DE LAVAL CREAM SEPARATORS as the Highest Award has been at every International Exposition since the invention of the (Centrifugal (ream Separator in 1878. And likewise as at all previous expositions, all higher dairy product awards Francisco have been Dc Laval L 165 Broadway, New York THE DE. LAVAL SEPARATOR CO. 50,000 BRANCHES AND LOCAL AGENCIES THE WORLD OVER. 7-- 287 at San made to users of the machines. 29 E. Madison St., Chicago 5 ' on Low Price ~ Galloway’s Newest Sanitary Cream Separator now on the market! Its perfect mechanical de- ign, smooth, oval, sanitary sur- _; faces and built-in satisfaction I make it: biggest value ever offer- ed. This new separator is made so - 4' good in our own factories that I will send it anywhere for a ninety-day tel-it n'ninst on make or kind at. any price and ET YUII BE THE JUDGE. Bath I iii-oil lubrication, separating discs not fasten ed together, easy to clean nelt' centering neck bemn in. low speed crun _ surplus over the rated s imming capacity all mean that - How Separator po WM, GALLO Cyclone Ensilage and Alfalfa Cutter Finest Cut—Largest Capacity—5mm guarantee. Lowest in power required. Easy to sell, liberal dis- count to former agents. Let us send you a machine for your inspection subject to return at, our expense. Write at once for our proposition. Bellefonlaine, Oliio Ironwood Manufacturing Company, - MIXCOIKI‘EIC Properly only with 9. 00d mixer. Hand mixing is ard work and wastes material. Get a mix aAminute with a .Van Dozen Mixer $49.50 Vain-38bit or on no power. You Can MiioiiEiI oAiiiiiisiis Water Bowls, Cow, Calf and Bull l’cns, Steel Horse Stalls Stanchions and Steel Stalls I You get the best and save money by griiiiii: Don‘t buy before getting full description of our New Mono] Big I carrier-26 styles {0 select Irom. Write Ior free catalog/nit and prices. - Mitchell Mfg. 60., 3100 Forest Home Ava, Milwaukee,Wis. Mitchell llzirii liiiiiipmcnt. with this common senlo _ farm ditcher and road . grader. No wheels or N othing to get out Money-back guarantee. Simple—Practical. . Price only one-fourth of big machines. Does some I work. Soon pays for Itself. Write for full inioi-ma. tlon and introductory proposition. ‘ Owenshoro Ditchuasrader Co.|nc. 801830 Ononsboron. A CHALLENGE ! » ’ CHURNS first class butter in 5 minutes: makes MORE of BETTER butter cal ' ALL (not part) the butter-tats. Emily operated, sanitary and durable. On the market over 7 cars. Sizes I to l0 gels. . it, WRITE T bAY forour FREE took- 2| .lilll , let "The Science Butter-Making ' , - . ,i till '_ Illustrated Catalog. Agents Wan "‘f Mason Mfg. Co.. BoxM Canton. 0. QEXMERICAF as. CREAM SEPARATOR FREE "Ill. FULLY sun-mm Easy running. Easily cleaned. I obtain our handsome free catalog- A dress A AMERICAN SEPARATOR co. ‘2 Money Saved‘ —— BUY USING Roy Swing Stanchions Simple in construction. very durable, reasonable prices. Full information given by writing to the manufacturers. , 80X 0°“ a msmooemflq ROY BRO$., E. Barnet, VI.i Sold to law It .» Handl « Mounted on s ids -— euily moved about. Pays its cost in material saved. FREE Booklet on What To Use and How to Mix and Lay Concrete. Write today. THE VAN DUZEN-ROYS 00.. 403 Hartman Bldg.. Columbus. Ohio. Examination Oct. 13. roe Write OZXENT 17 F. St. Loull. Michigan livestock Insurance 00. Gapltal Stock—$100,000. Surplus—$100,000 Home Office—Saginaw. Michigan. Only Home Co. in Michigan. COLON C. LILLIE President. H. J. WELLS, -:- Secretary-Treasurer. 8...... SWEEP MILLS . ”mugmfiiu Whether dairy is large or man. . t 288—8 la Practical Mllllllllllllllllillllll PRESERVATION OF FOOD. liY morn w. nonison. There are several methods common for the preservation of otherwise per- ishable articles of food. The ones most commonly in use are: first, pre- servation by means of heat; second. preservation by means of cold; third, the, preservation by means of dessica- tion, evaporation and drying: fourth, preservation by the use of chemicals. Of these different processes in vogue the one which has commanded the greatest attention recently is preser- vation by means of heat as upon some phase of this type of preservation the modern canning industry depends for its success. The use of heat for preserving has been, known for a long time. it was practiced belore the days of civiliza~ tion, although its greatest application and its most refined application has resulted in the last comparatively few years. Spoilage Caused by Micro-organism. it has become quite commonly known that the changes in food which produce spoilage are brought about in large measure through the activity of certain micro-organisms. in other words. decay. and spoilage generally, is quite commonly recognized as a microbiological change. or a chat ge having to do with the growth and ac- tivity of micro—organisms, yeasts, molds. bacteria. etc. The decay and spoilage of food being caused in this way, naturally the weapons used to fight the advance of micro-biological life in food products have been weap- ons utilized through a knowledge of the conditions favoring the most ac- tive growth of these small organisms. ,As in the preservation of milk, per- haps the one greatest preventative is the observing of a r'gid degree of cleanliness. Probably spoilage in can— ned fruits and canned vegetables is more generally laid to the cause of uncleanliness in the preparation of food than any other factor except per- haps the lack of sufficient sterilization the two being inseparable. Condition of Raw Material. Together with the factors of cleair liness must, of course, be taken into censideration the wholesomeness or soundness of the raw materials. This phase is very noticeable in the prep- aration of such food materials as to- mato catsup for the canning of the fin- ished article depends upon, to a very marked degree, soundness and whole- someness of the tomatoes used. It is a well known principle that no proc- ess of food preservation can improve materially the condition of a spoiled raw material. Therefore, prevention of spoilage previous to canning is one of the very great desideratums which make for wholesome canned food pro- ducts. In tomatoes particularly, due to the inroads made by plant diseases as well as the ordinary types of de- cay, the question of the preparation of the food previous to canning is ex- ceedingly important. Of course, it is possible by resorting to one of the dif- ferent types of preservation to pre- pare the product which, even though in a somewhat advanced condition of spoilage yet will keep indefinitely. Such a process of preservation, how- over, does not make the product Wholesome and the mere fact that a product is well preserved does not in any case furnish a guaranty of whole- someness. How to Detect Unsoundness in the ' Laboratory. F01 anately we have some very sat- isfactory methods of detecting the class of material which has been used in the manufacture of tomato catsup as well as the degree of care and THE MICHIGAN FARMER .llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllltllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllilllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllll.lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllag Science. llllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllll IllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllli|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lll|lllllllllillllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi cleanliness observed ture. Tomato catsup is a very pecu- liar product and while it owes its in- herent properties no doubt to the to- matoes contained in the product at the same time rarely do the tomato catsups taste like the tomato pulp from which they are manufactured. The processes of sweetening and spic- ing in the preparation of tomato pulp into the tomato catsup change quite materially its flavor. So much is this true. and so pronounced is the flavor usually of the finished product that much spoilage and decay and much uncleanliness in the method of prep— aration may be disguised so that the consumer does not readily recognize the character of the inferiority pres- ent. lt‘lll‘llit‘l‘lilOI'O, the. process of heat- ing has destroyed the micro-biological flora present, and the usual cultural methods for their identification are no longer applicable. Laboratory inves- tigators must therefore content them- selves with the. examination of the in. ert microbiological factors present. "he catsup is therefore examined for the number of bacteria present which bacteria are counted directly because they are entirely inactive. The yeasts and spores are another indication of the condition of the product. These two factors taken with the compara- tive number of molds in the product, furnish a pretty fairly clear idea of the condition of the product. Kind of Canning Receptacle. There are many other factors that influence the successful canning of food products. Aside from the whole- someness of the raw material itself and the cleanliness of the environ- ment. the condition of the receptacle into which the food product is put is of very great importance, For home canning it is doubtful if anything will take the place of glass although tin cans are coming more generally into use. lut glass provides many satis- factory conditions. The canner can see the condition of the finished pro- duct. its color and the. glass itself may be more satisfactorily cleaned than some opaque substances like a tin can. Furthermore the vegetables and fruits canned have a much less sol- vent action on glass than on any oth- er material commonly used for can-‘ ning. Tin cans must be heavily coated with tin to prevent the fruit acids coming in contact with the other met- al in the can and therefore contami— nating the product with the lead or some other constituent of the metal. The Lacquered Can. There are some cans on the market at the present time in which the en- tire inside is heavily lacquered with lacquer, which successfully resists the action of the fruit juices. These cans have marked a very distinct advance in the canning industry and have now been used quite extensively by some of the houses putting out the higher grade articles of canned food. The greatest objection to the use of glass for canning commercially has been the. great amount of breakage and the exceedingly high cost of transporta- tion due to the weight of the recep— tacle. Some of the very highest grades of canned foods, however, on the mar— ket, are put up in glass containers and there are now available types of glass cans which quite successfully withstand the heat used in canning and which easily provide a perfect seal after canning. Temperature a Highly Important Factor. Probably the most important factor in canning foods is to secure a suffi- ciently high temperature to destroy all of the micro-biological life present. (Continued on page 292). Send mill" Firebox. with no dirt, no waste. for the ‘Free Book Teday How The Noun“- "|«« . OCT. 2. 1915. By our exclusive top arrange- ment the fire has to pass under all Six lids before escaping. This makes your fuel do double duty. Compare it with the Old Way! Note how—in the ordinary stove-- the heat skips half the top. The Eclipse Way keeps the entire to hot without heating oven—unless deoir STOVES Ec clips E mm make them leaders. guaranteeing you sat stactlon. Write us today for FREE book. handsomely illustrated. Have many other patented exclusive features which us for name of the Eclipse Dealer. explain the Hot—Ail-Over Top and also the Adjustable Damper—how they regulate heat. save fuel. time and labor. Ask him. also, about the oversize oval . “dead" corners, no He ijoins with us in l Write He will .lwlllltflllflll lillllllllll .1" . linu'nlh .llfilll tttllltt Eclipse Stove Company Mansfield, THI Now is being (Jomiss across tied Ha. Let. us f find The for those projects. 5 IS DRAINAGE TIME the. time when large. drainage. projects are discussed. (let. busy with your County loner and see that the next drain tile, laid your farm is the “American" Brand. Vitri- lt—(llnzed Everlasting ’l‘ilc. urnlsh you an estimate or the cost or our Vitri- lt is It‘rost-I’rool, Acid- Proof, and Time—Proof. Made in Michigan by Michigan men. Sizes 3 to 24 incite; inclusive. Write today for Curload prices. American Setter Pipe 00.. 322.3%..1’8'fi‘32hi‘gfi; LESS FUEL — MORE HEAT Put $26 in yourown pocket as a clear the gold in that ma- $ ;- . r. I ‘lilttlt‘tlt-tl” efficient light ever known. wear out. or got out of Older. Abso- Iu'to satisfaction 3 u o r n n t o o d. i‘ mm IAKE :2 borhood. Get: a '3‘ Galloway and save ; _ down. Close hitch. Light flaw Um. Salim is heating thousands of as per our guaranty. Absolutely guaranteed In the cellar. heated hot air pipes. cellar deep or shallow. efficients . A t: are going safe. fully before buying. M l0 Gents HKEROSEHE ' .. fr Goal Oil will keep tbs jig-mi dissections 300 Candle Power or the finest. Miles! and most Nothing to l pu- wool: in their spare time. You . can do the same. Send for our KNIGHT ucHr co. 378 w. Superior s:., cum driwmd- lens opron,foroo feed. Low draft. Flexible rake and k mgr-ml: of Gofilfidfreo 60..”- 189 “be, “I E Note carefully these points. which carries the cold air to. and the hot air from the furnace. No I lpea No heat in the cellar and no dirt. No danger from (net- dreds o satin ed users. testimoni s. and on HOME VENTILATOR FURNé%E. AN OLD PRINCI PLE MODERNIZED It’s Pipeless, Perfect and Patented. THE HOME VENTILATOR FURNACE homes and we want. you. Mr. Progressive Format to bo- oomo one of the long list of satisfied users. Don‘t pay for it. until It beats Most liberal 30 day trial proposition ever offered. to heat. your home. or we remove. no costs no sale. One Combination Hot and Cold air register Installation in any home, large or small. and in any is but a. day’s work and the first tire will prove it.» Al card will brin ourlatge 32pnge ontaiog showing hun- ' ' h of ho ea heated by the Remember on are bullng the Cult). URNAOE of eh i type. an by so doing you We are prosecuting infrlnsors and urge that you look cute- ay we not hear from you? HOMER FURNACE COMPANY. innntors. Makers, Johbors,‘oept. 0. Homer, Mich! Cleariné Stumpland Is Easy ”You Do it Right lllnmornlan Mighty Monarch Steel Stump Puller makes land clearing simple. eas , quick. Cheaper than dynamite. uch betterbccause it gets stumi roots and allB DistihsFlefix-z 30E 1'lea unbofiacblleleu-iooE I ' Idlflu'eut middle, to 21231:; varigis 9:11pm?pullers, why “new..." i- bet- a“: “a: it“ cvmr' .. l V X c Ira 3}“, :§;it’a,d:i.clllgm pulls lar- gr stumps riggplenty . . _ ti it? t“on y ll calfihmex - IVE, m ll or on 6 mu:- “ edavdri‘lfi (odor 'y forpbook. Address ,fim LEARNTODRWEANDREPAIR UTOM BILES AND TRACEORS gs demmdgor trdned men. Em from $75 to $160 permnth. Learnintlwoeko bytho - SWEENEY SYSTEM annwnmsawmnm Emnmmmamm ochoolinwofld. Sandnamostoday AWALH‘O '“’ -- ' SCHOOL 1203 ‘55: Street ”9- - Van Houten. R. — tion . , mm at“... .mewrw good mflker. willing faithful worker. References. 8." ‘ - A wertul second hand Stump Wanted: Pulil‘er. Must be in good repair. o. 12. Holland, Mlch. Address. M. F. HOWE. WINONA LAKE, INDIANA. i i t LITERATURE POETRY ‘ HISTORY an? INFORMATION 0’ PUBLIS” Mil/1595;95— ‘I7Ie FARM BOY an? GIRL SCIENTIFIC an? MECHANICAL fills Magazine Section forms apart of our paper every week. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere. ELLE had returned from the Farm Girls’ Institute and Lena. was calling on her. The day was warm and as they sat chatting on the screened porch the south wind scattered the rose leaves on the lawn, and, stirring the tendrels of the wistaria, passed on through the window, carrying their words to where Aunt Ellen was writing a letter. After discussing bread making, the care of milk and butter, poultry rais- ing, kitchen and flower gardens, and touching lightly on history and Eng— lish, the conversation switched off on to that other theme always dear to girls’ hearts—the other girls. “How did you like your room-mate this year?” asked Lena. “Oh, fine! Such a treasure. The IHIlliiiIIiiiiiilllllllllililllilllll‘I‘iiiliiiiliiliii! A New V€rSi0n By AUNT @LLA dearest thing at the Hall. Everybody said so and I had special reasons for agreeing with them.” “I remember your writing me that you didn’t like Fan very well though I never knew why. I shall never know her so you will be doing no injury to tell me now.” “Well,” replied Belle, “Fan was in- variably in trouble and needing help. Always forgetting her yeast or sponge or incubators, tearing her gowns, los- ing her pencils, or spilling ink. She seemed to expect everybody to help her out, especially myself, and didn’t 'iiiiiililllliillilllllllill T’ill'iilf‘ihill}lIiH|HilliHEIi‘||lI|ililIHlEli‘lllilliiiEHHIHIH[Hiiilllliiiiiliiiii|HilliiiHf!Hill!HHHIHHHHHlllllillliiiiiiiiti'HlliiiiiHillll|iHill]iliiiiillllllililllI'r‘ 1 W 43393.13. 1 Ml: " " " seem particularly appreciative of the favor either. A happy-go-lucky sort of creature, amiable enough, but slack- twisted and irresponsible and forever saying with the most aggravating un- concern, ‘A friend, in need is a friend indeed,’ you know. “But it was different this year. Mol- lie never needed anything. She ad- justed her own neckwear, buttoned her own shoes, tied her own hair rib- bons, spelled her own words, and looked aft er her own ears. It was my job to see that Fan’s were clean for she declared that she couldn’t for the ., p iv m.“ . all?»lilgiilrlhlliti‘l...t.. life of her see her own auricles. “Best of all, Moll was never in need of money. If others were short she came to the rescue and shouldered the expense for the next spread. Yes, Moll was a jewel and never got on to our nerves with Fan’s stock quota- liOIli ‘A friend in need is a friend in- deed.’ ” Here there was a lull in the conver- sation. The south wind stirred the roses again, and loitering in the wis- taria passed on through the window where it seemed to take a turn, and coming back against brought these words: “You seem to be measuring friendship by the new standard. Some- one has lately changed the old one and it now reads: ‘A friend indeed is one never in need.’ ” “i'f ‘fz‘iflii. H93?" ‘*1IllilIililHlHiillilllliiiiii‘iiIiiilifiiii‘?‘lilliliiilitéwi ‘ Ml WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES Austrian Shell that Failed to Explode Crown Prince of Italy Spends Birthday in ltalian Camp. at Front. Beautiful Wife of Austrian Ambassa- dor Dumba. James J. Hill After Meeting with Foreign Financiers. Daily Lifeboat Drills now Persistently Conducted on Ocean Steamships. Copyright by Underwood 8!. Underwood. N. vi. Submarine Chasers Protect Harbor of Archangel, Russia. i RE repared for those col winter morn- ings and those times when there’s company for supper you and you reach 11 to the rafters of your "co (1 room” for the best you’ve got ? Get readynow! Cure your home - grown hams with sparkling, pure Worcester Salt—the salt that makes the brine free from bitter flavor and scum. WORCESTER SALT The Salt with the Savor Because itispure,W0rcester Salt is a sweeter, saltier 'salt tliantheordinary. Itismade pure enough for the table, and yet the cost over stock salt is onl 3 cents for each 1001])5. 0 meat cured. For farm use, Worcester Salt is put up in Ill-lb. muslin bags and in 28 and 56-lb. Irish linen bags. Get a bag from your grocer. Write for booklet " Curing Meats on the Farm,” also the Worcester Cook Book. Both free. WORCESTER SALT COMPANY Largest Producers of High-grade Salt in the World NEW YORK TH‘E MICHIGAN FARMER llilIi|||lllili[iIlllilillil'lllilillihlil= E Copyright A. O. MoOlurg 00. fl HliflmmmilfliflflliimfliliflfllmflfliflfliiflflmfiflflfliflliiiiliilliiillIiiiiiflliillfllIlllllIliiilliiiiiillIliliiiiiilliilIiIiiiilliiiiiiilliliillllilifliiiiilllililllliiiiiiliiiliiiiilllillmfliilllilmifllililllilliflfl. VTHE RED -MIST. By RANDALL PARRISH. il|Illillllflllilliilillllllilililllillillillilll CHAPTER XXXI.—(Concluded). I slipped down the steps, and lower- ed my body silently to the damp floor. An instant I peered into the dark hole, satisfied that I could make the passage, and then extinguished the light. The conduit was stone-lined, and, I knew, from the crisp freshness of the air, that the distance to be traversed was short. I entered the hole head first, dragging and pushing with hands and feet, eager to get quickly into the open. My body so blocked the opening that I felt stifled, nor could I perceive any gleam of light ahead yet the passage was not ”we: 37v, viiSI'l‘ n For burns, cuts, insect bites and all irritations of the skin, use “‘“‘°Vaselinemrk Petroleum Jelly Keeps wounds clean; soothes and bears. Specially valuable in the nursery. Put up in handy memlcappcd glass bot- tles. At drug and general stores every- where. Illustrated booklet describing all the uVaseline“ preparations mailed free on request. ' CHESEBROUGH MFG. CO. (Consolidated) 38 State Street. New York City Our "BRIDAL” GIFT A New Valuable Premium with any Imperial Range you want. Reserve yours NOW by simply sending in your name and address. Do this even though you are not quite ready for a range. [IMPERIAL RANGES have a hoat—rotniiiiuz Stone Oven Bottom, Odor Hood, Ash Sifter, all exclusive fea- turoS.Will not warp or crack. Sold from factory at factory prices. Save $10 to $25. Test yours 30 days at our risk. Guaranteed satisfactory. Write today for big “LEE catalog, Cash 0: Credit Terms and full particulars about the hand-- some premium we give free. I’ho IMPERIAL STEEL RANGE no. 230 Daimll Si. Clevelandfl. m. “medias—q '- nun ”m'axmiommm'émrw really a difl‘icult one, and almost be- fore I realized the possibility, my head and shoulders emerged into the outer air and I hung suspended over a rock ledge, staring blindly down into the unknown depths of a ravine. The ledge itself was barely wide enough to afford foothold, yet I succeeded in creeping out upon it, and then in standing upright. The shoulder of the hill was sufficiently steep and high to Ishut out all view of the log walls of 'the church, while below was a black void, out from which arose the faint splashing of distant water. But the church itself must have been lit up by this time, for a reddish glow of light tipped the bank above, and bridged the dark ravine. The rock ledge ex- tended to the right, a fairly smooth path, and I followed it cautiously, find— ing no other available passage. It led gradually downward, until it seemed to merge into a beaten track, running directly south through a tangle of un- dorbrush not far above the stream. The way was intensely black, yet not difficult to follow by the sense of touch, while the incessant roar of the nearby water blotted out all sound from above. Once I heard the crack of guns, but they sounded at a dis- tance, and, looking up, I could per— ceive the red reflection on the trees lining the bank far above. But for these I was plunged in a black soli— tude, through which I must grope my iway, each step liable to plunge me ‘into uncertain peril. A hundred yards, two hundred, and the trail swerved more to the right, and began to mount upward, zig-zagging among the trees. Slowly, cautiously, my head arose above the crest, and the moon, just peering out from behind the edge of a cloud, gave me glimpse along the ley- , e1 plateau. CHAPTER XXXII. With Natu re’s Weapon. 0 the right of where I lay was the outline of the church, the torches, bobbing about within, reveal: ing passing figures, although the dis- tance was too great to permit any sound of voices reaching my ears. The rear door, however, stood wide open, and a considerable body of men were grouped there. Straight across from me, a squad of horsemen were moving northward, and a single rider was spurring rapidly between them and the church. The grove of trees where I was to meet Nichols and Nor- een was to the left. It was dark and silent, a shapeless shadow, and the forest growth of the ravine extended far enough over the crest to hide my approach. Satisfied that no searching parties were nearby I advanced swiftly along the edge of this fringe of trees, yet taking every precaution. ’Twas well I did, for suddenly the horseman swerved, and rode straight toward me through the moonlight. I sank down into the brush, revolver in hand, and waited. Once he stopped, and called out something; then came on along the edge of the wood, walking his horse slowly. The rider was not a soldier, but beyond that fact, evidenc- ed by lack of uniform, I could make no guess as to his identity, although I believed him one of Cowan’s gueril- las. A gun, poised and ready, forked out beside his horse’s neck, and he leaned forward in the saddle, peering into the shadows. A few feet beyond me, he suddenly reined in his horse, and called again: “That you, Lieutenant?” A single figure seemed to emerge from among the trees—a mere shad- ow, formless and silent. “Yes; who are you?" “Kelly—Dean told me you were here; the fellow has got away, and the girl with him.” “How do you know?” “We’ve looked over every dead body wthe wounded and prisoners, and searched every inch of the church—— they’re not thar, sir.” “But where cauld they have gone! windows alight, several blazing you fillilIllllIii|iiillIiiiililllillilliiiililiilillliiifliiilIii"!|iiilillmlililiiiliiiiiiiiliiilllillllilflillliiliilIiliiIlll|IliilllillIlll|IiillililIillliliIll|ii“iiilliIIHilllilmlllliilliilillIililillllliiillllilillllllImliiililliilllllimlfllE" They were there; he was anyhow, for I heard his voice. Did you talk with any of those living?” “Thar ain’t many ter talk ter. The Reb leftenant is a goin’ ter pull thro’, I reckon, but he’s hurt too bad ter talk. Enyhow Fox wouldn’t give me no chance fer ter git nigh him. I ask- ed a SOJeI‘, a young teller, an’ be sed Wyatt and the girl wus both in thar; he seed ’em tergether just afore we charged. But I’ll be hanged if they’re thar now.” Raymond muttered something, a smothered oath no doubt, then burst forth: “Well, great scot, man! They are both flesh and blood. If neither are there then they must have, found a way of escape. We had every side of the church guarded so a mouse could not get through in this moonlight—I saw to that myself.” “There were no guards on the east.” “Because there was no room to post any. The church walls are on the very edge of the ravine here but the blocks had been smoothly set, and no guards were needed there.” “Wal,” insisted the other, half an- grily. “I didn’t think so neither, no inor’n Anse did; but I reckon that’s whar we made a mistake. Them two’s skedaddled, an’ thar warn’t no chance fer ’em anywhar else. Thet’s plain ’nough, ain’t it? I don’t know nuthin’ ’bout whut’s thar, but I never ain’t been ’long thet edge, but if them two ever’got out inter thet thar ravine they’re thar yet, fer thar’s no way leading out ’cept along ther trail yonder.” “What trail? Where?” “Back thar, ’bout a hundred feet, I reckon—an 01’ hog trail thet leads down ter the crick. Thar couldn’t no- body cum up it without yer seein’ ’em from here.” “And so you think they’re down there yet?” “Sure; less they got wings they couldn’t a come up no other way.” The lieutenant strode forward, and grasped the rein of the horse. Icould see him clearly now, the moonlight on‘ his upturned face. “Then we’ve got them, all right,” he asserted, a new confidence in his voice. “You know the way down, don’t you, Kelly?” “Why, yes; I hid out thar fer six weeks onct. They call it the Devil’s Glen, an’ I reckon tain’t a bad name neither.” “All right, then; I’ve got three men here who’ll go with you. _ That will be enough. I’ll stay up here, so if the fellow slips by I’ll nab him. Jones—— all of you come here. Come, Kelly, there’s a hundred dollars in this for “Well, it’s worth it, fer somebody’s liable ter get shot.” He rolled out of the saddle, but with evident reluc- tance. “I reckon I’ll let one 0’ them sojers go ahead. Yer must want thet Reb powerful bad, Leftenant?” “I do,” grimly, “dead or alive.” Three other figures joined them; they were on foot, 'but I could see the guns in their hands, and the gleam of buttons in the moonlight. Raymond spoke swiftly, pointing with one hand, but his voice was lowered so the words did not reach me. No doubt he was briefly explaining the plan, and giving orders. Kelly added a gruff sentence, and then the whole five tramped past me, the lieutenant lead- ing the horse, and Kelly coming so close to where I lay I could have touched him with an extended hand. Scarcely venturing to breathe I watch- ed their passage along the edge of the bluff, until they halted at the point where I had come up the trail. They remained grouped there for a mo- ment, talking earnestly; then the shadow formed disintegrated, Raymond and the horse alone remain- ed distinguishable. I knew the others had disappeared in the blackness of the ravine, and that they were destin- ed to search its depts in vain, for what little trail I might have left in my crawl upward could never be de- ciphered in that darkness. I waited motionless for what I believed to be ten minutes, anxious that the fellows get far enough down to be safely be— yond earshot. At first I could hear them slipping and stumbling along the steep, stony path, but these sounds grew fainter and finally ceased. The lieutenant led the horse back a few yards, and fastened his rein securely to the limb of a tree: then took his own position within the brush shad- ow, where he could watch the head of the trail. From where I crouched I could no longer see the fellow: I had no thought of going on, and leaving him there on guard. Not only and. OCT. 2, 1915. did I feel an overwhelming desire to punish the man for his treachery anti 'insolence, but I wished to gain pos- session of the horse. Such an oppor- tunity as this was the gift of God, and I was only too eager to accept it. The wide plain in front of us was de- serted, the cavalry troop having disap- peared. The glare of torches had dis- appeared from within the church, which was now a mere shapeless shad- ow In the moonlight. My vision did not extend to-the road in front, but there were sounds indicating that the Federal forces were either going into camp, or preparing to resume their march. Satisfied that my own way was clear, I crawled out to the edge of the line of brush; and arose silent- ly to my feet. To reach Raymond I would have to pass where the horse was tied, and to approach on hands and knees would be liable to frighten the animal. Trusting that the lieu- tenant’s whole attention would be de- voted to the trail, and that he would anticipate no approach from behind, I walked straight forward, and laid hand on the horse’s head. He smelt of me curiously, but made no noise, and, looking across his back, I could dimly perceive the man a few paces beyond. He stood erect, his back to- ward me, perfectly motionless, his en- tire consciousness concentrated on his guard. I stole forward step by step, noiselessly. I was actually with ing reach of him, before some sense told him of my near presence, and he wheeled about only to find a leveled revolver staring him in the eyes. “We meet again,” I said coldly, “and it seems to be my luck to hold the cards.” “You! I thought—3’ “I know what you thought, for I was within ten._feet of you when you talked with Kelly. Put up your hands, Raymond! Yes, of course, but don’t attempt any play—I only need an ex- cuse to hurt you.” He glared at me savagely, yet his hands went up. although I could see him glance backward over one shoul— der into the darkness of ti ravine. “You might make the jump,” I said, drawing a revolver from his belt, “but to my best judgment there is a bun dred foot sheer drop right here, and it would damage you some to take it. See,” and I tossed the weapon over the edge, and we heard the sound as it struck on the rocks below. “I guess you’ll not try that trick. And so you want me so badly you offer a reward, dead or alive? Isn’t it rather my wife you want?” “I don’t believe she is your wife." “Not after she gave you her word! That is hardly complimentary to the lady, Lieutenant. However, I haven’t any reason to be jealous of you—Nor- een knows you too well by this time; you proved yourself a treacherous our in Lewisburg. Now turn around!” There was no other weapon in his belt, and it never occurred to me that he might possess another secreted in his jacket; nor did I realize the des- perate hatred of me which gave him reckless courage. What to do with the fellow obsessed my mind; I pos- sessed nothing to securely bind him with; I could not leave him free, nor had I any desire to take him along with me. He settled the problem himself. Suddenly, his arms above his head, his eyes on‘ mine, he kicked Viciously, the heavy shoe striking my wrist, sending the revolver spinning into the grass a dozen feet away. With almost the same movement he was tugging at his jacket pocket. I saw the gleam of steel, and gripped his fingers just in time; my other hand, number by the blow dealt me, was, for the instant, useless, yet I struck him with my elbow full in the face. I had no grip that would hold. yet it tangled the revolver in the folds of cloth so he could not draw, and, with a snarl of baffled rage, he tore his fingers loose, and clutched at my throat with both hands. Back and forth we swayed on the very edge of the raVine, kept from plunging down into the black depths by the interven- ing frings of trees, savagely contend- ing for the mastery. That he was a trained athlete, I knew in a moment, yet this gave me little fear—for this was to be a fight, no wrestling game. Strong, quick, agile as the man was, I never doubted I was his match, and, as I felt the strength come back into I my numbed hand, and realized that I . could clinch it again, I felt coldly con- . fident. Once, twice, I drove my knuck- les into his exposed face, compelling ‘: him to loosen grip, and throw up his . hands in protection. And then I had ‘ him; not that he was devoid of skill i as a boxer——sooth he possessed the , tricks of defense unknown to me—but , his was the professional knowledge of the West Point gym, while I had grad— I uated from the rough school of the camp; where he had trained for points, for fancy milling, I had fought to win against desperate opponents. The dif— ference told, for I beat him down, car- ing nothing for what blows reached me, so that} smashed in through his (Continued on page 292). _, i i . ,._ ......____..__.__.-.-—————-——— WV’V Q aim—avmfl, “ OCT. 2, 1915. Mr. Powell Directs the Activities of the Great Organization. represents an investment of about $200,000,000. There are 208,000 acres of oranges, lemons and grapefruit in the state, and it costs about $1,000 an acre to bring the groves into hearing. In a normal year 50,000 carloads, or 20,000,000 boxes, of fruit are shipped, more than 90 per cent of which is produced in a. com- paratively small area around Los An- geles in southern California. The growers are an unusual class of men, many of them being progressive farm- ers from ‘ie east, lawyers, merchants, doctors, and business men who have moved to the west to engage in hort- iculture. ' The California orange acreage is the greatest in the world, exceeding that of Spain by over 50,000 acres. The total California citrus acreage is only exceeded by that of Italy, which boasts of 282,000 acres, or 74,000 acres in excess of the Pacific coast state. There has been a very rapid in- crease in the shipment of citrus fruits in the last few years. The increase in the number of carloads of oranges and lemons shipped in five—year peri— ods is as follows: From 1895 to 1900, 225 per cent; 1900 to 1905, 71.5 per cent; 1905 to 1915, 10.9 per cent, and 48.5 per cent from 1910 to 1914. At present one-seventh of the normal crop of 50,000 cars is lemons. Of the oranges approximately 63 per cent are the seedless Washington navels, 20 per cent the valencias, or summer or- anges, and 10 per cent miscellaneous varieties. The valencia shipments in- creased 60 per cent in 1914 and will increase rapidly in the near future. The fact that lemons are picked every thirty days during the entire year and that oranges of one variety or another are constantly being matured makes the citrus industry a continuous year- around business, lending itself par- ticularly well to systematic organized business methods. Why Growers Organized. Twenty years ago the growers pro- duced about five thousand cars of or- anges. They were sold as most farm crops are sold now—that is, to local buyers or to representatives of distant firms, or consigned on commission to markets from 1,500 to 3,000 miles away. The only returns in this latter case were frequently freight and sell- ing charges. The buyers would pur- chase only when there was a chance to make money, thus making the busi- ness largely speculative. At other times the grower would assume the risk of distribution or would have to sell at a sacrifice. In some instances the local buyers divided the territory and did not compete with each other, or they fixed a maximum price to be paid for the fruit. Under either of these systems of suppressed competi- tion the grower became helpless. With five thousand carloads of fruit to mar- ket annually the growers were be- THE citrus industry of California THEAMCHIGANFARMER A Victory By DON FRANCISCO. . ,Hcre is the Story of America’s Best Organized and Most Successfully Con- ducted Farmers’ Marketing Organization. moaning the fact that over-production stared them in the face. Gradually the growers began to believe that by organizing they might stabilize the distribution of their crop and increase the demand. They had already begun to form .local associa- tions and had built packing houses and selected managers to handle the business, the object being to bring to- gether the fruit of the individual growers, standardize the grades and prepare the product for sale. The Lowest Marketing Cost. At first they continued to sell to local buyers or representatives of dis- tant buyers, but before long they found it necessary to federate their local organizations and develop a sys- tem which would insure a uniform dis- tribution of their fruit (which must necessarily be accomplished quickly) to the jobbers of the country. The outcome was that many of the local organizations federated and formed what is now known as the California Fruit Growers’ Exchange. At the pers- ent time this organization has a mem- bership of seven thousand growers and represents 62 per cent of the in- dustry. It is made up of seventeen district exchanges, composed of 150 local associations of from forty to two hundred members each, and acts as a clearing house in distributing and sell- ing citrus fruit on a cash basis. In a period of ten years the California Fruit Growers’ Exchange has return- ed $150,000,000 to the growers in Cal- ifornia, and through uncollected bills, failure of jobbers, losses in mishand- ling of funds or in the mails, and in all other ways, has lost less than one- two-hundredths of one per cent of the money returned to California, or less than $7,000. The total cost of the Ex- change system, including the agents, the central exchange, advertising, col— lection of claims, and all expenses of Mr. Powell is acknowledged the lead- for System States and Canada. throughout thei world; with the supplies of Exchange fruit on track or rolling to each mar- ket; the condition of the fruit; the de- tails regarding the sale of eachcar; the weather conditions; the supplies of other fruits that compete with cit- rus fruits, the responsibility of the trade, and with every factor which leads to an intelligent daily distribu- tion of the fruit. This telegraphic in- formation is placed in the hands ofi the Exchange shippers daily, a market! news service having been developed' more effectively by the Exchange thani by any other American agriculturall industry. The daily bulletin includes all telegrams passing between the agents and the shippers regarding each car; a catalog of the details of Exchange cars leaving California; several special reports from private sale and auction markets; and at the end of each week and month summar- ies of the different business operations of the system. Capable Manager. The growers have recognized the necessity of employing a competent manager. Mr. G. Harold Powell, who serves in that capacity, today draws the largest salary and handles the greatest number of cars of fruit of any manager of any (-o-operative fruit growers’ association in the United States. While with the United States Department of Agriculture and again in the services of the Citrus Protec- tive League of California, Mr. Powell made exhaustive investigations of the production of citrus fruits in Italy and Spain. It was Mr. Powell who im- pressed upon the citrus growers of California the necessity for handling their fruit “like eggs,” and it was he and his associates in the Department of Agriculture who so skillfully work- ed out the causes of decay. Today $6.3“: .;-... Careful Harvesting is Important Part of the Western Fruit Growers’ Mar- keting Program. every kind is approximately two and one-half per cent on the gross crop prices. So far as is known this is the lowest marketing cost of any agricul- tural crop in the world. An Efficient News Service. The Exchange. placed its own agents in tthe leading cities of the United States and Canada and through them now sell the vast crop to 2,500 fruit jobbers who in turn sell it to 300,000 or more retail dealers, either direct or through traveling salesmen. One- third of the crop is sold in the largest cities at public auction, either to the wholesale or retail dealers. Through the central exchange, the growers are placed in daily touch with trade con- ditions in every market in the United ing authority on citrus fruits and co- operative marketing. To the writer Mi. Powell explained the organization of the Exchange as follows: built on three the associations of “The Exchange is foundation stones: growers, through which the fruit is prepared for shipment; the district exchanges, which act as clearing houses for the associations of a com- munity, and the California Fruit Grow— ers’ Exchange, which provides agents, through which the district exchanges, in co-operation with the associations, distribute and market the fruit of the grower, and which handles all the gen- eral business problems affecting the distribution of the crop. All the or- 11—291 'uams mnonm' . “CANT m m' HOME MADE ACETYLENE Safest Light and Cooking Fuel ' Insurance Records Prove It Insurance records show that the misuse and abuse of city gas, kerosene and gasoline caused over 100,000 fires in six months. While the misuse and abuse gays—ska urn-unua n-i a of acetylene caused #559 but four fires during §\\\§\\\\\‘\m‘\\$§§§ the same period. And hit Q‘sg’xgtg there are over a \lluu anal”, quarter of a million Countr -Home-Acely- . \ \\\\\\\ y News lene-Plcmts in use. A $9 mm ,, e‘. \ . . \ \\\\ mighty fine showmg wmsfigge for acetylene. ‘ \\\\.\\\\\\\\\.“ A hundred feet of acetylene makes more "-‘ 3'” “mm” lightthan a thousand feet mm M“. ”and. of City gas. For this reason acetylene burners have small openings—so small that not enough gas could escape from an open burner—m a whole day—to do any harm whatever. lso acetylene gas is not poisonous to breathe—you would suffer no harm in sleeping under an open unlighted burner. Also, acetylene burns with no odor whatever —but acetylene from an unlighted burner has a strong pungent odor which immediately at- tracts attention. Also, acetylene lights are permanently fast- ened to walls and ceil- ings— they cannot be tipped over. Also, the acetylene producing stone, Union Acetylen. flame Carbide, won’t bum “ma. 'i“ and can’t explode. For these reasons insurance authorities have 'pronounced acetylene safer than illuminants it is displacing. Our advertising literature tells all about the best tray to male (IceMlcnefor country home use, and how it tensed exten- sively for cooking as well as lighting. Just address UNION CARBIDE SALES C0.,Dept. 14 42nd Strut Bulldlni’. NEW VOR or People. (in. Building. CHICAGO. LL. (8) \\ \ N\§\\\\\\\\\\\fl \“\ . \\ “Own“ \mklikxmw AN OPPORTUNITY to represent a well established house (manufacturing Stock and Poultry Medicine) is Open tofirst class men who have standing with farmers in their territory. No investment necessary. 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The soft, luxurious inner fleece protects the body witha i dry cushion of air next to yoursltin. The fleece is kept dry and hygienic because ventilated by the porosity of the ribbed, outer fabric. fl 1 VELLASTIC is gratefully warm and “comfy” to the skin. The ribbed fabric is springy with elasticity, which gives remarkable ease and freedom and smooth, glove—like fit. And VELLASTIC is wonderfully dua rable— good for two season’s wear. The fleece will not wash off, wear 1 off, mat or knot. i For Men, Women and Children 5—: Union $1 Separate 50 ’g T Suits Garments C 30111 by all good dealers I Utica Knitting co., Makers, Utica, N.Y.§ i I s l x l 'THE MICHIGAN FAA-RMER ganizations operate at cost and each distributes the entire net proceeds to the growers after the operating ex- penses are deducted. The proceeds of sales are deposited by the Exchange agentin a national bank and check immediately drawn in favor of the shipper. The deposits draw interest until return of the check, which earn- ings serve to reduce the cost of op- eration. “There are 150 local associations of growers, or individual shippers in the Exchange, representing about 62 per cent of the citrus industry. The asso- ciation assembles the fruit in the paclc ing house and there grades, packs and prepares it for shipment. The leading associations pick the fruit for the members and some prune and fumi- gate the trees. Usually the fruit of the growers is mingled in common pools, extending over a few weeks, or occasionally throughout. a season. The grower receives his share of the pro- ceeds of a pool pro-rated on the num- ber of pounds of each size and grade, which he delivers to the packing house. Each association has its own brands for each grade of fruit. The association brand must appear on the box and the name of the association must also appear on the fruit wrap- per. The fruit of the higher grades of all Exchange shippers is packed under the copyrighted trade name of the Ex— change which supplements the brand of the association. “A leading factor in the success of the exchange system is the character of the fruit and the efficiency with which it is handled in preparing it for sale. A community may become pros- perous, or the average grower can be kept in financial distress by the char— acter of the local organization. The merchandising of oranges or lemons rests fundamentally on good fruit, well graded, well packed, and of good keeping quality. It rests next on sys~ tematic distribution and efficient ex- change service. Improper handling leads to decay and often causes the growers of a community a loss equal to one-third or more of the cost of ”The Roof That Stays and PAYS! HERE'S on. roof the elements can’t get the better of7one roof that won't fly off or wear out in a hurry—on. roof that stays and PAYS. 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In All Loss c'www-m Seasons FllllS and SKIN§ Send us your Raw Furs and Hldoo and letus tan and make them into nice coats or fur sets ( for men and women) robes. rugs or gloves. showing latest designs. We guarantee best workmanship at lowest prices. References: any an b k. N W. MERGKEL 8:00.. Mnfg. Furriers. Braltmuyer Bldg, Detroit, Mich. lproduction, and as much as the job lber’s cost of distribution. “There are seventeen district ex- changes composed of the local asso- ciations. The district exchange is a non—profit organization, operating at cost. It acts as a clearing house in marketing the fruit in cooperation with the associations through the fa— cilities provided by the California Fruit Growers' Exchange and acts as a medium through which the business affairs between the Exchange and the local associations are handled. Work Extended to the Retailer. “The district exchange usually rep- resents the associations in marketing the fruit; it co-operates with them in bringing about better handling, better packing and a desirable, merchant- able product. The district exchange informs itself through the California Fruit Growers’ Exchange and in other ways of all phases of the citrus mar— keting business, places the informa« tion before the associations, receives the returns for the fruit direct from the agents and pays the proceeds to the associations after deducting the cost of operation. “The California Fruit Grovvers’ Ex— change furnishes facilities for the dis- tribution and marketing of the fruit by the district exchanges. It places its own exclusive bonded agents in the principal markets of the United States and Canada. These agents, in addition to the duties already outlin- ed, co-operate with the jobbers and with their traveling salesmen in de- ve10ping a wider distribution; they encourage the sale of the fruit to the retailer at a reasonable margin of profit. The Exchange agents co—oper- ate with the retail dealers in develop- ing attractive displays to attract the consumer. They encourage the job- bers and retailers to advertise locally and they are working in other ways Mention Michigan Farmer when writing to advertisers l with leading jobbers and retailers to develop better methods of selling. In its systematic cooperation with the jobber and retailer, the Exchange has gone further than any other agricul< tural industry. Its work along these lines will be developed extensively in the future to the mutual interest of every factor concerned.” Every horticultural industry of im- portance on the Pacific Coast has been forced to develop its own distributing system. When the grower turns his crop over to buyers, it is distributed by them without accurate knowledge of supply and demand in each market and without an organization to devel- op new markets and a wider distribu~ tion. And whenever the risk of dis- tribution is unusual the individual buyer cannot risk his capital. He therefore leaves the field or acts as a commission merchant, leaving the grower to assume all of the risks of distribution. The California citrus fruit growers have led all other agricultural indus- tries in eliminating the superfluous speculative middlemen and in develop- ing a distributing system which is un~ der their control. The Exchange sys- tem of distribution has met with the universal approval of experts. It is copied by organizations in California and elsewhere. To be as near like the Exchange system as possible is the leading argumentative asset of ev- ery important independent association that seeks to build up a larger mem- bership in the citrus industry. The system has met with the almost uni- varsal approval of the trade. The growers and shippers, through their associations and district ex- changes, regulate and control their shipments. They determine the con- ditions under which the fruit should be sold outside of auction markets, ship when and in any amount they please, determine to what markets the fruit shall be consigned and where it' shall be sold and outside of the auc- tion markets, designate the price they are willing to accept. The central exchange has no power, nor could it legally under the federal statutes, fix the price at which the fruit shall be sold in California or in the markets of the country, nor to arbitrarily handle the diversions or destinations where- by prices are fixed, trade restrained, territories divided, output limited, or unfair methods of any kind practiced. Every car of fruit which the Exchange member handles through the facilities furnished by the Exchanges, sells on its own merits at a price which the shipper and the buyer mutually agree upon. PRESERVATION OF FOOD. (Continued from page 290). The temperature and the time vary materially according to the product canned. Fruits as a rule require about the least heating of any product; veg! etables require the most. If the heat- ing is insufficient, in the course of time the organisms which have not been destroyed set up fermentative processes which in tin cans cause the cans to bulge and promote spoilage. The products requiring the greatest degree of heat and the most prolong- ed heating are such products as beans, corn. peas, asparagus, and the like. Tomatoes and fruits, such as cherries, strawberries, raspberries, etc., are rendered sterile with comparative ease. Generally speaking, the products which contain substantial quantities of organic acids are much more eas- ily canned and preserved than certain types of vegetables which have very little acid materials present. After processing the cans they should then be kept at as low a temperature as is possible to maintain, and keep uni- form, short of freezing, of course. Micro-organisms change more read- ily at body temperature and are in‘ hibited in their activity by low tem- peratures so that other things being OCT. 2, 1915. equal, the lower the temperature, the more complete and perfect the preser- vation in case all of the organisms have not been destroyed. THE RED MIST. (Continued from page 288). guard, and landed. Again and again I feinted with my right, and drove my left straight to the exposed jaws. I gave him no time to cry out, to even catch a full breath. There was no sound to be heard a hundred feet away. I became -a. machine, grimly determined, a desire to punish throb~ bing in my veins. He fought cat—like and foul, but I only laughed, and an gered him. I drove him out into the Open Where I could see better. I was fighting now, with no thought of pro- tecting myself, only of hurting him. I tried for a knock—out but he blocked me, clinging desperately to my arm. I tore loose once more, flinging him aside bewildered and breathless. “Now, Raymond,” I said, “that trick doesn’t work a second time. Stand up to it, you coward! You wanted a fight, and you are going to have one. What! the gun again? I guess not.” He had jerked it out before I reach- ed him, but my hand closed over his ——the hammer fell, digging into the flesh of my thumb, and the pain mad- dened me; he staggered back from the impetus of my body, and I tore loose, the iron still imbedded in my flesh, and struck him. The pearl handle crashed to the side of his head, tear- ing my hand in jagged wound, but he went over, dropping to the grass as if dead. He gaVe no moan, no sound; for an instant his limbs twitched, and then he lay there, curled into a ball. I stared down at him, panting, scarce- ly realizing just what had occurred. An instant before he had been fight- ing like a tiger cat, now he was a mo- tionless, grotesque shadow. Blood streamed from my lacerated hand, and I bound up the wound in a neck« erchief stripped from around my throat, hardly conscious of the pain, my breath steadying, my muscles growing tense. Then I bent down, and straightened the man out, upturn- ing his face to the moon. He was not dead—there was a beat to his pulse; but the gash on his head was an ugly one; he would have a scar there while he lived. He lay like a dead man, his face ghastly, his thin lips drawn back from his teeth, and seemingly breatlr less. But for that faint, barely per- ceptible throb of the pulse, I would have thought hin killed. And now what? Kelly, and his fol- lowers, would not be gone long ex- ploring the depths of the ravine—an hour at most would take them over every inch of it. We must have more of a start than that. There were troops yonder. Fox would never worry over the disappearance of Ray- mond, but Moran might; and he was in command. There was a squad of horsemen out there now, beyond the corner of the church, and riding south- ward—they might be in search of the missing lieutenant and his three troop‘ ers. I dare not leave the fellow where he was to recover conscious- ness, and give an alarm, or be dis- covered by others. There were two things possible to do——to roll the body into the ravine, or bear it with me. The first would be murder; the second a tax upon my physicial strength which I might not withstand. Yet there was no other way, but to try the experiment. I tossed the discard revolver the bushes, and struggled with the limp body until I was able to rise to my feet with the unconscious man dangling across my shoulder. He was of good girth and weight, but I succeeded in staggering the few yards necessary with the burden, and then hoisted him across the saddle, head and heels dangling. The horse snor- ted and circled to get away, frightened at his unusual burden, but I soothed the animal, and finally he sniffed at the man’s legs, and stood still. CHAPTER XXXIII. The Trail to Covington. S I gripped the horse’s rein, and turned him into ' slowly around I. heard a single shot fired in the ‘ gorge below, the sound echoing among the rocks, and a spark of fire gleam- ed through the darkness. It was far enough away to give me little con- cern, yet the report must have been heard by the cavalry squad now well out in the open, for they wheeled their horses and rode straight toward the ravine. Their course would bring them higher up, just to the rear of the church, yet, with suspicions once aroused, 'twas likely they would pa- trol the banks, seeking for some pas- sage below. Confident the distance between us was sufficient-to hide my movements so long as I kept well back in the shadow of the trees. I led the horse forward, advancing as rap- OCT. 2, 1915. THE MICHIGAN FA-RMER 13—233 idly as I dared to travel, .using one hand to steady Raymond's body sway- ing across the saddle. It must have been a quarter of a mile, or more, to where the forest spread out from the bank into the dark tangle of trees. ex- tending half across the ridge. The winding of the ravine took me out of sight of the body of horsemen above, yet I knew they had galloped to the edge of the gorge, and were calling to whoever was below. I could hear the shouts, without catching the words, and even imagined I could distinguish a faint cry in return. By slipping the lieutenant’s belt over the saddle horn, thus preventing his limp body from sliding off, I urged the animal to a sharp trot. What was before us in those dark woods was all conjecture—but I pos- sessed infinite confidence in Noreen. The very silence, coupled with the fact that no sign of the two fugitives had been met with along the way, convinced me that they had safely at- tained the rendezvous, and were now there, anxiously awaiting my arrival. The time had not been long, and the girl would never consent to proceed alone with Nichols, until she had lost every hope of my joining her. He might not remain willingly in such close proximity to danger, but Icould count on her to keep the fellow there until the last possible moment. We went down into a shallow gulley, and then climbed the opposite bank, hav- ing to force a passage through thick shrub, I pressing the branches aside to prevent their scratching Raymond’s face. He gave utterance to a groan, and I lifted his head, supporting it on my shoulder as we topped the rise. The horse shied, and I caught a glimpse of a shadow flitting across an open space. “Noreen!” “Is it really you? I could not tell —the horse; the something across the saddle." She came forward with a swift spring, not satisfied until her hand ac- tually touched me. “Oh, I am so glad—you are not ev— en hurt?” “Not seriously; battered up a bit—~ Nichols?” “Yes, he is here; there beside the tree. ’Tell me what has happened! What have you here? Why, it is a man,” she shrank back, “a——a dead man.” “No, not dead,” I hastened to ex- plain, unbuckling the belt, and lower- ing the still limp body to the ground. “Here, parson, don’t let the horse stray. We cannot waste many min- utes here; there are cavalrymen scouting the edge of the ravine yon- der ,and they may come as far as this. That is why I brought the fel- low along—to keep him from being found. Do you recognize the face, Noreen?” It was dark and shadowy where we were and she was compelled to bend low to distinguish the features, Her lips gave a startled, half—suppressed cr : XWhy, it is Lieutenant Raymond! You—you fought together? How did he come here?" _ “I think he suspected we might manage to escape from the church. He was more anxious to capture me than he was to fight evidently, for I caught no glimpse of his face during the melee. But he, and three troop- ers, were hidden at the edge of the woods watching where the trail comes up from the ravine.” “Yes,” breathlessly, “we saw them come across, just after the torches be- gan to flare up inside the church. Then later another man rode along there.” “That was Kelly; he brought word that we had got away. I was Within ten feet of them when they met. The lieutenant swore at the news, and sent the four men down the trail to search ——he offered one hundred dollars for me, dead or alive.” She arose to her feet, but the dark- ness prevented my seeing the expres- sion on her face. . “He did! this man?” she exclaimed, the horror of the thought visible in the tone. “Why, what is it to him? I do not understand why he should ex- hibit such bitterness—he was deter- mined to convict you from the first. There was no feud between you, was there?” “Only Noreen Harwood.” I answer- ed, speaking softly. “But—-look! the cavalry squad just passed across that open space; they are riding this way. Raymond will revive presently, and some of his men will find him here; Kelly will search as soon as he dis- covers the man is missing. Nichols, fasten the belt tighter about his arms ——yes, buckle it behind; a notch tight- er. You know the trail?” “I've been over it enoug ,” rather sullenly. “Is Anse Cowan dead?" “Yes; but that doesn’t affect you at present. You are going to guide us to Covington. Hold the horse. Now Noreen.” She gave, me her hand, and I helped her into the saddle. A horse neighed in the distance, but my fingers closed on the nostrils of the animal beside me in time to prevent response. Nich- ols stood- motionless, a tall, shapeless figure, gazing back over the tops of the bushes. I drew my revolver, and 'touched him with it sharply on the arm. “Go on,” I said quietly, yet with a threat in my voice. “Attempt to run, or play any trick, and I drop you in your tracks." He turned without a word, and si- lently pushed a passage through the shrub into the'more open woods, and I followed, grasping the horse’s rein. A hundred yards further along we came into a beaten track, and began to mount upward along a rocky ridge, Where the moon gave me good View. It was a scene of silent desolation. I took one glance backward, but trees shut off all glimpse of the church, and the plateau. I thought I heard a voice or two, calling afar off, perhaps the cavalrymen again signaling Kelly in the ravine, but we had little to fear from them. Our trail could never be followed before morning, and dawn would be three hours away. I slipped my weapon back into my belt, confi- dent Nichols would make no attempt to desert. He was slouching forward, muttering something to himself as he walked, and never even turned his head to glance behind. I stole a look upward at the lady in the saddle, but did not venture to address her. She sat erect, her face slightly averted, both hands on the pommel. Twice I glanc- ed upward, seeking the encouragement of her eyes, but her thoughts appear— ed to be elsewhere, and I plodded on, my heart grown heavy. Beyond doubt she realized now what the end was to be. In the rush and excitement of the past few days, her natural desire to save me from the death of a spy. she had found no time for thought, for consideration. She had merely obey- ed the swift. impulse of the moment. But now, riding this dark mountain trail, all immediate peril left behind, she was facing the future—and regret. Her father’s death, her sudden abans donment of home and friends, herdis- loyalty to the cause with which her sympathies were enlisted, her forced marriage, came fresh to her memory like haunting phantoms. Once, I thought, she lifted a hand, and dashed a tear from her eye; and her head sank lower, as though she would hide her face. She was evidently ashamed, regretful, unhappy; if ever she had cared for me, even in ordinary friend- ship, that feeling had changed into dislike—probably into actual hatred. I seemed to feel the change; to com- prehend the growing horror with which she confronted the future. I wanted to tell her that I understood: that I sympathized; that I would nev- er consent to stand between her and happiness. Plan after plan flashed through my mind——she should be free; she should go to her own friends, and never see me again. I would arrange to drop out of her life as suddenly as I had come into it. But the impetu- ous words died unuttered on my lips. Steadily We pushed on through the darkness, no word exchanged between us, slipping and sliding along the rocky trail, following Nichols down into a black valley, and then up again to a steep, narrow ridge. All about us was the night, and the silence. _ Then the dawn broke, the black gloom fading into gray, the clouds of fog in the deep valley below us rising slowly until the rays of the rising sun lifted them to the mountain tops, red- dening the mist into grotesque beauty, and revealing the green glades be- neath. It was a wild, desolate scene, iiiilililiiiiiiillilllillilllilIllliiliilillllllillliill!liiilliiillllillillilillllHliiHliliHiilllllliiilliililIlliiilllllHlHilllillliiillllliilllilllllIiililliliililillililliilil|lilillllllllllllHllHlHlilIllilliiiiliiillililiiliillHilliillllliilliiiiliill Contentment, Watchfulness, Readiness and Loyalty—these are the Qualities of Good Citizenship in Bowscr's Precinct. and we paused on the edge of what seemed a sheer precipice. Even Niche. ols stopped, and looked down, point- ing to the ridge of rock along which the barely perceptible trail ran. “You’ll hav ter pick yer way mighty careful ’long thar,” he said slowly. “’Tain’t jist safe fer a hoss, nohow, but I reckon he’ll pick his own way all right. Thar’s a cabin ’round behind that bend wliar we. mout git a bite ter ea .” “Who lives there?” “A fellar named Larrabee; but I reckon thar won’t be nobody hom’ but the 01’ woman—«Bill’s conscripted.” “Go on down,“ I said after a mo- ment, “and we’ll follow slowly. How far away is Covington?” “ ’Bout twenty mile—«in the next val— ley beyond them hills.” He disappeared around a sharp ledge, and Noreen and I were alone— alone, it seemed to me, in all the world. I dare not even look at her, as I helped her out of the saddle. Tir— ed from the long hours of riding along the rough trail, she staggered slightly on her feet, and her hands clasped my arm. Our eyes met, and in the depths of hers was the mist of tears. “Tom,” she said earnestly, her voice faltering, “I cannot stand this any longer. [—1 must know—what—what I am to you!” “To me!” I echoed, the blood leap- ing in my veins. “Do you not know? Can you feel the slightest doubt?” “Doubt! it is all doubt. You have spoken no word to guide me. You married me to save me from Arise Cowan. You permitted me, to come with you because I would consent to nothing else. I do not even know that it is your choice that I go on be- side yOu into the valley.” “Noreen,” and I had her hands in mine. “It is my choice that you go with me all the way through life—— dear girl, I love you.” The long lashes hid her eyes, but her cheeks were crimson; then I look- ed down into the blue depths, through the tear mist, and read my answer. THE END. AUTUMN. BY ANNETTE c. VAN DINEN, When the summer days are over. And fields are no longer green, When the flowers that bloomed have withered, Nature paints a glorious scene; It is known to us as autumn, Fairest season of the year, And the once green, fragrant wood— land Gleams like gold ’neath skies so clear. All the bright and fairest colors Tinge the leaves with brilliant dye, And the sight looks like a rainbow Newly fallen from the sky, High and low they gaily flutter, Falling in heaps on the ground; And behold, the glorious picture Thrills our souls with joy profound! One by one our bird friends leave us For homes in a warmer clime, Their farewell songs seem to echo, “Hark ye, ’tis but for a time!” Let us then enjoy earth’s splendor, Ere the days grow cold and drear, For we know that blushing autumn Is the gem of all the year. The streamlet so softly murmurs ~Songs of the gladness on its way; The wind whistles round the corner, Scatt’ring the leaves as in play, But ere long the wind howls louder, Its great voice the woodlands daunt, And Dame Nature unto winter Vainly says, avaunta—avaunt! House A New Way to Heat your Whole House Save yourself the trouble, dirt and labor of stove heating by installing a MUELLER PIPELESS FUR- NACE. No flues or pipes. Easily put into any home where stoves are now used and gives you better, evencr heat at lower cost. Mueller Pipeless Furnace Heats every room in the house comfort- ably from one register and keeps the air pure and wholesome. Cellar remains cool so that foodstuffs stored there won‘t spoil. Keeps your house cleaner than stoves and requires less work to tend. No danger of woodwork catching fire. Burns coal, wood or coke. Easily installed in any cellar no matter how small — can be used in houses originally built without cellars by making a small excavation. L. J. Mueller Furnace Co. Send for our Free Book 195: Reed St. “‘33::333 Shows how to heat "M k f your home easier, bet- H a frao ter and cheaper Ex- 5 eat "3 plains construction. flue/"5 operation and installa- 7(.‘1d tion of the Mueller Silvana: Pipeless_Furnace. I857 Write for it today and find out how easily and at how reason- able 3 coat you can enjoy furnace heat. LET US TAN YOUR HIDE. Cattle or Horse hide. Calf, Dog. Deer or any kind of skin with hair or fur on. We Can and llnlsh them right: make them into coats (for iiii-ii and women), robesmugs or gloves when ordered. Your fur goods will cost you less than to buy them, and be worth more. Our Illustrated catalog gives a lot of iii- tormation which every stock raiser should have, but, we iieversciid out this .. valuable book except upon request. . 2 It; tells how to take oil and care for , ‘ ‘ hides: how and when we pay tho lrolohl both ways [about our safe dyeing pro- ’ ' cess which is a trciiienduiis advantage to the customer. especially on horse hides and on" skills a about, the fur goods and game trophies we sell, taxi- dermy. etc. If you want; a copy send us your correct address. _ 'l'he Crosby Frisian Fur Company, 671 lye]! Ave.. Rochester. N. Y. Deafness ., . Q. A. . - Perfect hearing is now halo ‘1 . . restored inevory condition 0 deafness or defective hearing trom causes such as Catarrh . corneas. Relaxed or Sunken ruins. Thickened Drums. oar-ing and Hisslng Sounds. ., Perforated, Wholly or Portl- x " " ’ ally Destroyed Drums. Dia- . . . charzefromEometo. Wilson (10 tin-Sense Ear Iii-unis "Little Wireless Phones for the Ears” require no medicine but effectively replace what is looking or defective in the natural ear drums. They are simple devices. which the wearer easily fits into the can) where they areinvisi ble. Soft. safe and comfortable. ‘erte today for our 168 page FREE book on DEAF- NESS. giving you full particulars and testimonials. WILSON EAR DRUM CO Incorporated 163 Inter-Southern Bldg. "morsvrnns. K2. UEBLAND ALUMINUM SHOES "—77,, 812:” 1 to 13 Save Money and Prevent Sickness Height: Water-Proof. Rust-Proof. 6 to 1 7 in. Rot-Proof. Warm in winter.cool in summer. Weight about the same as an ail-leather work shoe. Will outwear scvc ral pairs of leatho er. rubber or wood soled shoes. No metal touches you. Thick felt insole. Comfortable to wear. Keep ‘ the feet in good condition. Best by test for all workin any weather. .’ MONEY BACK ii shoes do not - g , meet with your approval. Write " for FREE catalog which shows 9716!. gives prices and. tells how to order. A postal brings It. OVERLAND sues co. neoc- 45 Ruiz-03%- [1/9 up] Always mention the Michigan Farmer when writing to advertisers. THE MICHIGAN FARMER OCT. 2, 1915. FREE PONY We have a thoroughbred Shetland Pony and Outfit worth $200.00 that we are going to give to you or some other boy or girl. This beautiful outfit (3011818138 of the pony, and a handsome buggy, harness, saddle, bridle and saddle blanket, all made—to—order specially fonus. And, best of all, the whole outfit is sent pre- paid to the winner’s own town. Send Us Your Name All you have to do to have a chance for this pon outfit is to send us your name and a dress on the coupon below. We told you about this offer in last week’s paper and several children have already sent us their names but there is Still. a place for you in our Pony Club With equal chances if you act quickly. A Sure Prize . The Farmer's Wife Pony Club has Ponies and hundreds of dollars worth of prizes that it is going to distribute among its Club Members. No .niattcr where you live or who you are if you send us your name and join our Pony Clubyou will be entitled to a pony or other prizes. Mail This Coupon Today Don’t delay, but write your name on the coupon and mail it now. i’ou may pasteitpn the back of ag)08h('&l‘d or put it in a letter but mail it to ay and be sure to address it to The Farmer‘s Wife Pony Club, 323 Webb Bldg, St. Paul, Minn. [--------I Cut on This Line III-III-II The Farmer's Wife Pony Club, 323 Webb Bldg.. St. Paul, Minn. Please send me at once pictures of “Glory" and names of the 326 children to whom you have given ponies. I want “Glory" or another pony. NAlVIE .................................. STATE ..................... R . D ......... 9’ This coupon counts towards “Glory ll Your Best Help In the Kitchen 20 Mule Team Borax is another helper in the house. It doubles the cleansing power of soap and water and lightens labor. Dish—washing is robbed of its terrors. and the most delicate hands will not be Injured in the slightest. When washing dish-towels. add a table- spoonful of Borax to a pail of water, and boil fifteen minutes. It leaves the linen white and soft, with no injury to the fibre. To be sure of getting pure Borax, use only the 20 Mule Team brand. For J'ale by an Dealers. l20 MULE TEAM I DO ’1' Pay FwLo PRICES N Hos reassures To try In your own home for 80 dsyl. Show your lriends. Freight paid by ,7 us. Send it back at our expense it you - do not want to keep it. You can buy the best or. Actual Factory Prices. Our new improvements absolutely surpass enything ever produced. 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Mo- ? lllllll' WmanThB.HeTNcedr At Home and Elsewhere HERE’S an old, old book which I seems to be going sadly out of fashion, but which, neverthe- less, contains some very profound philosophy, if you dont want to call it by another and less popular name. Among its sayings is one which, if ob- served, would go far towards lessen- ing divorces, “A house divided against itself can- not stand.” It’s a motto which every mother should give her daughter when she marries, a motto which she should re- iterate when the bride comes back home with her first tearful tale of a matrimonial squall. Every son should have the saying to heart when he takes a bride, and, as the head of the house, should insist upon its rigid 0b- servance, teaching it both by precept and example. No matter what the dissensions within, the family which is to stand, must present a solid front to the world, an unmoved exterior which gives no chance for curious out- siders to interfere. It is a great temptation for the girl who has been used to babbling every- thing to her family, to keep on talk- ing about her troubles after she is married. Women, the majority, are so: constituted that they must have sympathy, and most of them are look- ing for it when they don’t need, it, pitying themselves when they really haven’t anything to be sorry for them- selves about. For some reason the American girl when she marries seems to "W she is going to be transported to a region where there is neither work nor worry, and when she comes to and finds out that matrimony is a partnership where the team must pull together if they are to make a success of it, she thinks she has been abused. When she. finds out that she must keep right on working just as hard, or a bit harder, and that responsibilities have multiplied instead of having eliminated themselves altogether, she thinks life has played her a dirty trick. Her husband, being the latest addition to her life, must of a neces- sity be the medium through which comes the abuse and she blames him for all her troubles. That in itself would be bad enough, but it needn’t wreck things entirely if she’d just con- fine her thoughts to herself, or at. best, only reprove the guilty cause of her woes. But when she starts telling her mother, her dearest friend, and after them all the neighbors who will listen, then verily, the house is divid- ed against itself, and there isn’t a ghost of a show for any sort of happi- ness for either party. As usual, you see, the woman is blamed first. But in this case women are not the only sinners. Many a man is guilty of criticising his wife to ev- eryone who will listen, though if he but knew it he only excites contempt for himself and pity for his helpmate. For, while almost everyone will excuse a complaining woman, just because she is a woman, there are few who can respect the man who talks about his wife. When you add to the father and mother children or step-children who air the soiled family linen you have about the last word in disloyalty. Yet such families exist, families where the father complains of the wife’s ex- travagance, the wife accuses the bus- band of stinginess and the children- complain about both. Conversations, %§ Loyalty Teaches Silence which might be entertaining and help- ful, because each member of the fam- ily is brilliant and talented, are utter- ly spoiled by the petty personalities which creep in. Personalities are bound to creep in- to every conversation, because we all like to talk about ourselves. But can’t we remember there is a distinction between telling an interesting bit of family news and telling a bit of ma- licious family gossip? If each mem- ber could realize that the family is a unit, and that whatever reflects on one reflects on all, perhaps the habit of telling tales would be stopped. No one is interested in another’s troubles except to gratify morbid cugiosity, and the tale you tell in secret is bound to be told on the housetOps. Isn’t it better, then, not to talk? It is a cur- ious fact that the thing we refuse to talk about. or to think about ceases to exist, while the thing we tell grows in the retelling beyond all recognition, in fact, grows so big in many cases that it topples over the house which was divided against itself. DEBORAH. WINTER BLOOMING BULBS. BY L. H. cons. Do not permit, the windows of your home to be bare of flowers all winter when fall bulbs are so easily grown and are so inexpensive. We always have our nickel for the picture show, and most everything else we desire, if the desire is strong enough, so we should not. hesitate to fill our windows with flowers. Place the order with the bulbman early and you will get your order filled from the first selection from the imports, but if it goes in late you will get second choice and stand a chance to have several sorts come missing, for there are always short- ages of some kinds. A list of a half dozen of the most popular and satisfactory bulbs for the window would include the calla, free- sia, Chinese sacred lily, paper white narcissus, Von Sion narcissus and the Dutch hyacinth. Probably the paper whites and the Chinese sacred lilies are the most popular bulbs for winter flowers, the paper whites being used extensively by florists for forcing, and the Chinese sacred lilies being grown in dishes of water, with only pebbles or shells to hold them in place. Paper whites and hyacinths can be grown in water also, but they are usually grown in soil, for the flowers last lon- ger and are of better substance. If you want a large plant with tropic foliage and fine flowers also, the calla will fill the bill. A two-inch bulb in an eight—inch pot will give you a plant that will practically fill a window. Most of the bulbs will have a season of bloom covering but a few weeks, but the calla starts in shortly after growth begins in the fall and keeps it up until nearly the first of June. They will then rest awhile and by Septem- ber will be ready to begin again. Dur- ing their resting period they want to become perfectly dormant, as do all the bulbs. Freesias should be planted as soon as possible for they are bet- ter if they get to grow awhile outside before it is cold enough so they must be taken into the window. The plants will be sturdier and the stems stiffer when thus grown. All of these bulbs can be put in the window at- once, though the paper whites and the sac- 3 red lilies will be some better for a. week or two in a dark place to root. The last two of the six named, the Von Sion narcissus and the hyacinth, both require being potted and set away for several weeks in a dark cool place to root. They can be left there as long as desired and brought to the light gradually. Besides these bulbs there are sev- eral others that will bloom in the house in winter. Jonquils, Spanish iris, lilies, several other varieties of narcissus, and even tulips. The iris, tulips, and Poeticus narcissus are not readily forced, and must be allowed to take their own time, seldom blooming until well toward spring. All bulbs should have a fairly good soil. loose and porous, and should be given plenty of water, though they should not be kept wet except the cal- la, and it cannot get too much water after it has started growth. in pottingr up the- bulbs give 'good drainage and cover the bulbs just so the tips show above the soil. It does not hurt them to be covered entirely, but it is better to: have most of the soil beneath them for their roots to penetrate. All the bulbs mentioned, after the six, must have the dark place to root in, and be left there the same as the hyacinths and Von Sion nar- .CISSUS. Keep all bulbs except the calla in as cool a room as you can, where they will not freeze, for they will blast their flowers in a room that is dry and warm. The calla cannot do well in a cold room, and it likes a good wa- tering with warm water every morn- ing. I keep my plant setting in a crock and fill this crock up every morning with water as hot as I can hear my hand in. The bulbs of the paper white nar- cissus and the sacred lily are value- less when once forced, but the other bulbs are all good for use afterwards. The callaspand freesias are all right for use again in the house, and the hardy bulbs can be planted outside the next fall and will bloom for years, though they will not be very satisfac- tory in the window again. HOME QUERIES. I would like to tell Mrs. L. E. K. how I finished my kitchen floor. Stretch burlap as smooth as you can. Treat it to a coat of paste, like for wall paper, let dry, then give it two coats of paint. Better still, if you use the common grain sacks. Could someone give pattern of cro- cheted lace known as pineapple? Have been a reader of the Michigan Farmer for years and enjoy the home depart- ment very much. Have gathered a great many helpful hints from its pages. LETTER BOX. Rule for Making Whey. Dear Deborah:—May I make a little suggestion in connection with your “Baby Food” article of July 17? Our physician ordered whey for our baby and told me to follow the directions on the rennet bottle for preparing it. I did so and baby lost a. half pound ‘ that week. Then the doctor wanted to know if he told me to heat the Whey to almost the boiling point to kill the rennet. He had not. Then I used the following formula and baby began to gain slow-- 1y: I used the whey about a month then gradually changed to a milk and baby food preparation until in six l “—33. - 4.: ,-..~- 7-1“? -A3i.‘ . _—-_ .__.___...a-__.-___._—_. «.x “rd: OCT. 2, 1915. weeks more I had left out the whey entirely. ’ Warm a pint of milk until it feels slightly warm to the lips, (105 degrees is the rule). Add a half teaspoonful of rennet, stir until well mixed, then keep as near the same heat as possi- ble. I set mine on a newspaper on the reservoir. Let it set until firm, about a half hour, break the curd with a fork and set on the stove until the whey separates from the curd. Strain through thin muslin, heat the whey to just below the boiling point, strain again, add one ounce each of lime water and milk, sugar and cool it. A pint of milk will make about 12 ozs. of whey. I enjoy the Household Department, and write this hoping to save some other baby from suffering what mine did—M. J. H., Lowell. A HANDY TOOL BASKET. BY MAGGIE A. CROMLICH. Saves the steps and soothes the soul. We nearly all know about the tragic story of a lost horseshoe nail. We read in our readers long ago that for want of a nail a shoe was lost. But most housekeepers know from ex- perience that for want of a nail a temper was lost, and that'is of much more importance to the family at hand than is the battle which was lost so many years ago. Just to provide against such a catastrophe, .a handy tool basket was established in our home. The receptacle was a small THE MICHIGAN FARMER 15-295 in the corners. The putty knife will take out dust, lint or any kind of dirt without trouble. The handy tool has- ket has been loaned to the other mem- bers of the family, but the rule, strict- ly enforced; has been that the basket intact must be borrowed and not one tool carried away at a time. If that were allowed, the tools might be scat- tered and the value of the handy tool basket 10st and destroyed. MICHIGAN’S HAPPY BABIES. After the first year is safely passed the young mother usually believes that her troubles with feeding will be over. All too often, however, they have just begun, and the “second summer" proves even worse than the first, es- pecially if the baby has been breast fed. This is almost always caused by mistaken notions in feeding, the child is put upon solid foods too quickly and the wrong solids are fed. As a matter of fact, milk should continue to be the chief food of the infant throughout the second year, though other things may be allowed. ’Beef juice and gruels, with egg whites slightly cooked, and orange juice are about all that can be safely allowed up to 14 months. After this farina, wheat grits, oatmeal, a little dry unbuttered toast and rare scraped beef may be added. The child should be given siX meals a day until two years old, and of these the first and last should be milk. Under no circumstances should a MIG: limits-4 8 RT; 5 TRCKS ‘9‘ : assonvrn SCREWS —D The Tool Basket and its Contents. fruit basket and most of the tools kept in it came from the five-and—ten- cent store. The original furnishing, 'with the cost of each tool, was as follows: Tack hammer, 10 cents; tack claw, .five cents; box of eight-ounce tacks, five cents; screwdriver, 10 cents; handy nail box (with assorted sizes), five cents; putty knife, five cents; hooks (assorted), 10 cents; screws, 10 cents; box of brass-headed tacks, 10 cents; scissors, 10 cents. The whole cost of the tools was less than one dollar, and never was money better expended. Upon looking this’basket over re- cently I found that a roll of sandpa- per, box of picture .wire, box of tiny tacks and a pocket case of handy tools had been added. The last named was a present, and a highly prized one. By unscrewing the top of the handle one can select a brad, an awl, a gimlet, screwdriver or chisel, and by screw- ing this into the lower part of the handle have a tool ready for use. By the aid of the handy tool basket 'I have not only been able to put up hooks and screws as I needed them, but have kept many things in order when just a tack, screw or small nail was missing. Sometimes a screw would be lost and by replacing it at once further damage would be pre— vented. The putty knife is invaluable in cleaning out corners. Everyone knows in housecleaning how hard it is toget the dust out of the corners, and in sweeping down stairs the lint collects child of less than two years be taken to the table and fed the same diet as the grown-ups receive. Potatoes and fried meats, pork, etc., should never be given at this age. The teeth are not usually present in sufficient num- ber to masticate the food properly, and the child cannot digest the things which are suitable for those of older growth. Those children who are fed thus wrongly may live, but they have not the robust health of children who are properly fed. They are always liable to colds and contagious diseases and are. laying the foundation for. fu- ture stomach troubles. It is more work at the time for the mother to prepare. special meals for the little one, but she is saving herself harder work and heartaches in the future, if by this care she insures her child good red blood and perfect digestion. If there is serious trouble with the digestion during the second year it is usually advisable to put the child back upon the first year formula. Cut out all solid foods, especially starches. Sometimes soft-cooked eggs and scrap- ed beef may be retained, and often a child will thrive on rare beef, in small quantities. Not more than two ounces should be given daily. Ninety-nine out of every 100 moth- ers and nurses make the mistake of over-feeding the baby. When stomach or intestinal trouble occurs it is usu- ally the result of over-feeding, and the first step should be to reduce the quantity or strength of the food, usu- ally botht' DEBORAH. Ready for the fair. 'Every activity on the farm is worth a KODAK RECORD The growth of stock and crops, the condition of orchards and buildings, the things you see at the fair, at the farmer’ s institute—the Kodak can help you get value received from every one of them. And its capacity for increasing your enjoyment of your auto trips and other outings is equal to 1ts value in a business way. Ask your dealer or wrzte us for our illustrated booklet, “Kodak on tlzo Farm.” It’s free. EASTMAN KODAK C0,, 389 State Street, ROCHESTER, N. Y. CH Q}; -\f)\ Are Made :::A-:=="‘ Hygienically lllllllll if“ dill :---"" Labor by V \ ll~l _ _ Large Sifter Can, ‘with run ‘ Directions, 10C . Bright - as Day! The steady, brilliant light shed by a RAYO lamp drives away the gloom of long winter evenings. No need to go to bed because there it; nothing else to do when the glow of the RAYO on the center table invites a restful hour; of reading or sewing. Saves your eyes, too—which is yet more impor: tant. No danger of eye—strain when you light your home with Rd ]La Over 3,000,000 comfortable middle Western homes already are using RAYOS and making winter evenings the pleasantest time of the year. Sold everywhere by leading dealers—- ask yours, now, to show you the RAYO. STANDARD OIL COMPANY (INDIANA) (408) CHICAGO. U. S. A. For Best Results Use Perfection Oil siration Building of the Psychopathic Hospital Burner at Ann Arbor. Steady employment and [al‘ nice position for the right kind oi’aglrl. References required FITS YOUR OLD LAMP. State age, experience and if in good health Addrma / 100 Candle Power Incandescent Secretary of the State Psychopathic Hospital. ' pure white light from (kerosene) coal °‘1 sheath?“ xiii Fénelfii'é‘iif’s C0 0 1 C N Who canthink of simple WANTED AN IDEA- thing to atent? Protect whom we can refer new customers. your ideas. they may bring y0u wea th. Write for - Take advantage of ourSpecialOifcr to ”ON ded Inventions" and 'How to get \our Patent ' secureaBeacon Burner FREE. Write and Your Money)" RANDOLPH & GO. PATENT today. AGENTS WANTED ATTORNEYS EP'I‘ 6?. WASHINGTON, D. 0. HOME SliPPLY (20., ‘28 Home Bldg. ,KansasClty, M0. rams :1. 00 d (2 Ir ' ' ' . SUIIS S3 7 , "summer figrfihgnfiéig‘ggm “(:5 When writing to advertisers please rf l KNIC 30 K - - - TAiionrfgtgngo“ “33333801. Chicago. liiimiifi mention The Michigan Farmer. Beacon FREE WA N T E D . (€335? ififlfim‘mifi’fi‘? THE MICHIGAN FARMF_R OCT. 2, 1915. Wonderful lflew Kerosene nghl Beats Electric 0r Gasoline Burns Vapor Saves Oil scientists say no _. White Light cow MEDAL at World's Exposition . f San Francisco W, l0-0ays rare rmii. Send llo Money.Vie Prepay charges We don’t ask you to pay us a can! until you have used this wonderful modern light in your own home ten days—we even prepay trans- portation charges. You may return it at our expense if not perfectly satisfied after putting it to every possmle test for 10 nights. You can't possibly lose acent. We want to prove to you that it makes an ordinary oil lamp look like a candle; beats electric, gasoline or acety- lene. Lights and isput out like old oil lamp. Tests at 33 leading Universities and Govern- ment Bureau of Standards show that it Burns 50 Hours on I Gallon common coal oil. (kerosene) and ives more than tWice as much light as the t round Wick open flame lamps. No odor, smoke or norse. Simple, clean, no pressure, won’t ex- plode. Children run_it. Several million people already enioying this powerful. white steady light, nearest to sunlight. Guarantee . “000.00 Will Be Given to the person who shows us an oil lamp equal to the_new Aladdin (details of offer given in our Circular.) Would we dare make such a challenge if there were the slightest doubt as to the merits of the Aladdin? lien Make $50 to $300.00 per Month Willi Iligs or Autos Delivering the ALADDIN on our easy plan. No me Vious experience necessary. Practically every farm home _and small town home Will buy after trying. One farmer who had never sold anything in his life before writes: "I sold 61 lamps the first seven days." Another says: ”I disposed of 34_la_mps out of 31 calls.”. Thousands who are coming money endorse the ALADDIN Just as strongly. No Money Repaired We furnish capitalto reliable men to get started. Ask for our distributor's plan and learn how to make big money in unoccupied territory, Sample Lamp sent for 10 day. FREE Trial. We want one user in each locality to whom we can refer customers. Be the first and get our speCial introductory offer, under which you get your own lamp tree for show- ing it to a few neighbors and sending in their orders. Write quick for our til-Day Abso- lutely Free Trial. Just say Show me how I can get a strong white light from kerosene oil, without risking a cent." Address nearest ofi‘ice. MAITLE LAMP 00.. 154 Aladdin Building er:ins:,(‘::'::z.r:sen::r:mm. QUALITY$987§ . Compare with-any engine of any make at an price the. new 1916 Galloway gasoline. erosenc. dis- tillzitcmaphtlis burning engines for economicalme liable, steady. satisfactory, heavy duty engine ser vrce- t, large bore, lon stroke and ow speed with the “(flit weight, sma b vs‘linrt lived en- ENGINES h. . 6 h -.9- A postal gets the big Galgway engine book ree. Engines shipped from Minneapolis,Kari- ' sas ity ounml Bluffs. Waterloo Chicago wumauowav co. _ , 5‘ 1 B“ 1&1. Waterloo. lows ‘ -"' mom "musics. sacrum"; AGENT mm... 11 should get in touch with us, the manufacturers of transparent handled Knives and Razors in U. S.a.nd we will show you how to make more. Special outfit ofier. NOVELTY OUTLERY 00., 233 B..- St. owro'r. omo Hoolloo Mlchlgao Farmer Illon Willing to advertisers Elllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||||llllllllllIllllllllllllllIllll||lllllllll|Illllllll|llllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllfl 5: . g F:arm Commerce.— EllllllllllllllllllIlllilll|llllllllll|llIllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIll||lll||Ill||lll||llllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll§j Bean Prices Up to Growers Secretary McBride of the Growers Association Explains in the Letter Printed Below, How the Farmers Can Get Good Prices for Beans and Eliminate the Speculative Feature. jure up a single reason why the growers of beans who have suf- fered excessive losses from the unusu- al weather conditions of this summer and fall, should not participate in the good prices that consumers are bound to pay for beans this winter and next spring. If the growers give speculat- ors a. chance to buy the beans at a low figure these same speculators will get the advantage that the growers now have and they will not hesitate to lay hold of every opportunity to extract from the consumer his very last cent. How the growers can keep the situation in their own hands is set forth in the following timely letter to the bean growers of Michigan from Secretary James N. McBride, of the Michigan Bean Growers’ Association: Mr. McBride’s Letter. To the Bean Growers of Michigan: The convention at Flint represent- ed the principal bean growing sec- tions of the state. The unanimous opinion of crop conditions was that with even the most favorable weather the remainder of the season that not to exceed one-third of a normal crop was possible, measured in saleable stock. Frost in the northern portion of the state and with the continued wet weather ani‘hracnose and blight have made the most disastrous season in the state’s history of bean growing. There is no appreciable stock of beans -of last year’s crop. Nor will there be any of the staple foods cheap, as were potatoes last year. By no means can the actual cost of the 1915 bean crop be realized by the masses of growers. The problem, then, is to minimize the season’s losses and maintain a price that will move the crop as needed for consumption. The convention of growers adopted the following minimum price scale: October beans$3; November $3.10; December $3.20; January $3.30, and after that a five cents per month ad- vance during the marketing season. The object of this monthly advance is to accomplish the purposes of pre- venting dumping beans on' the market faster than the trade can handle and also provide a reasonable incentive for the grower to “carry” his crop and be compensated for shrinkage, in- terest and carrying charges. To the buyer the market will be an advanc- ing one to cover the items just nam- ed. Bean buying will be a merchan- dising business rather than a specu- lative one. This plan was presented to the Bean Jobbers’ Association at Ann Ar- bor and the general plan of co-opera— tive action in marketing was endors- ed by that body. The actual prices were not agreed to nor opposed. For legal reasons as well as the uncertainty of crop condi- tions the remainder of the season the answer was made that price naming was this year wholly up to the farmer. Conservative marketing would main- tain prices while crowding beans on the market would demoralize prices. All the figures of crop costs, food val- ues and general market prices of foodstuffs this year would make bean values above the minimum prices named. The dangers to price maintenance based on the above conditions comes from the possibilities of marketing the crop too fast and also if “futures have been sold on the basis of 3 nor- mal crop. Growers will be advised N0 magician seems able to con- that beans are too high for consump- tion. To this the answer is that there were $3 beans last year on double the crop, and also that the Belgian Relief Commission figured $3 beans as the cheapest food that. could be bought last yeai‘. As a business proposition consult your banker on price mainte- nance and financing the crop in your hands, as well as after selling. The interest on one bushel of beans at $3 per bushel is less than two cents per month. This, with some shrinkage, still allows a. safe margin for conserv- ative marketing. On the other hand, do not overstay the market. This method of marketing the bean crop has the approval of the United States Division of Markets, and in the lan- guage of an extensive bean buyer, “it is up to the farmers to make the mar- ket price for beans.” JAS. N. MerDic, Sec. Michigan Bean Growers’ Assn. City Markets NUMBER of western Michigan A cities, including Battle Creek,, Kalamazoo, Muskegon, Luding- ton and Manistec, will establish mu- nicipal markets. G. V. Branch, of the federal bureau of markets, Washing- ton, has visited each one of the cities named and will assist in getting the work under way. The federal bureau was Created in May, 1913, as a branch of the Department of Agriculture and just now a survey is being made of Combination Enables the Employment of Every Labor-saving Device. municipal markets in cities of over' 10,000 people. Reports are already in from more than 100 cities and while no model markets have been found many of them are reported to be suc- cessful. Mr. Branch says that loca- tion and management are two of the most important essentials. As to lo- cation he points to the case of Madi- son, Wisconsin, where a fine market was built at cost of $55,000, and lo- cated a mile from the center of the city. It was a failure and stands there idle. As to management, he ad- vises renting the stalls to farmers at a price just high enough to cover the expenses of operation and the inter- est on bonds, besides laying aside something for the floating debt. In other words, a city market should not be a money maker, neither should it be run at a loss. The municipal market that is well run does not conflict with the retail grocer. There is room for both. The city retail market should give those who want to pay cash and carry their purchases home a saving for their trouble. But there are still many peo- ple who insist on credit, the delivery system, orders by telephone, and the usual store accommodations. Local conditions must be studied. In an inland city like Battle Creek the retail end is perhaps stronger than it would be in Muskegon, or other ports, with boat lines across the lake to the big markets. Selling at wholesale in the morning and at retail later on has been suggested for the Battle Creek market. Kalamazoo has been investi- gating markets at Grand Rapids and Detroit, and a committee of which L. H. Stoddard is chairman, recommends a market for fruit and vegetables from six to nine 3. m., and for hay, wood and grain the rest of the day; a com— potent market master, one of whose duties shall be to register names of farmers applying for farm workers, as a means of bringing the man and the farm job together, the master col- lecting a fee of 15 cents from each farmer registering. Muskegon is aroused on the city market question, due largely to the efforts of J. O. Fraleigh, a. leading farmer of Casnovia, who insists that a large per cent of the fruit and pro- duce of Muskegon county now goes to Grand Rapids. He says: “We want a wholesale market in Muskegon and an opportunity to meet Chicago buy- ers there and sell our produce to them on a competitive basis. Farmers would prefer to haul to Muskegon, be- cause they can get into the Chicago market 24 hours earlier than they can by hauling to Grand Rapids. That means less cost for refrigeration, and better condition of fruit when it gets to destination. Muskegon boat con- nections give the city a big advantage. At present a. farmer either ships by consignment and doesn’t know until a week afterwards whether or no he has dumped his produce on an over- loaded market, or he must peddle from store to store or house to house. The man who grows good stuff doesn’t llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllUlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll PRODUCTION OF FALL AND WINTER POTATOES. To indicate the probable relative supply of fall and winter potatoes as compared with other seasons, the Agricultural Department at Washington issued the following figures September 8, covering most of the leading states that produce this class of stock. The figures are given in thousands of bushels—000 omitted: Condition. Sept. 1. 10.yr. 1915 Aver. Maine ............... 73 85 New York ........... 69 76 Pennsylvania ........ 85 74 Ohio ................ 88 72 Illinms . ............ 93 67 Michigan ............ 70 76 Wisconsin ........... 81 79 Minnesota ........... 84 79 Iowa ................ 91 72 Nebraska ............ 95 71 Colorado ............. 88 80 California ........... 87 88 Total for above , Final estimates. Forecast 1915. 5-yr. Production. Aver. Sept. 1. Aug. 1. 1914. 1909-13. 20,900 25,900 33,800 26,077 30,800 38,100 53,215 36,288 28,100 27,900 28,140 22,653 16,300 16,100 14,250 16,193 13,700 12,900 7,440 9,921 34,500 43,500 44,044 35,273 33,800 38,600 37,696 31,625 31,900 33,300 30,780 25.885 16.800 16,900 12,642 13,227 12,000 11,700 9,440 7,231 9,800 8,900 8,760 8,161 10,200 10,700 10,350 9,375 258,000 284,500 290,557 241,909 _‘ OCT. 2, 1915.~ want to peddle. He wants a place where he can go, show what he has got, and have the buyer come to him.” Kent Co. ALMOND GRIFFEN.~ CABBAGE CROP LARGE. The Department of Agriculture in its September crop report placed the condition of the 1915 crop of cabbage at 92 as compared with 78.4 for the corresponding month of 1914 and 87.4 for the same month of 1913. By states the estimate is as follows: Sept. 1, Sept. 1, Sept. 1, 1915. 1914. 1913. Maine ....... 86 91 82 hew Hamp.. . 80 92 78 Vermont . . .. . 90 90 85 Massachusetts 81 93 75 Rhode Is ..... 95 96 80 Connecticut . . 96 95 78 New York . . . 95 85 68 New Jersey. . 92 90 82 Penn. 94 88 78 Deleware ‘. . . . 84 86 80 Maryland .. . . 92 76 76 Virginia . . . 92 63 79 ”W, Virginia. . 97 78 83 N. Carolina .. 90 69 79 S. Carolina . . 77 66 ' 76 Georgia 78 70 75 Florida ...... 90 82 92 Ohio 97 77 75 Indiana . . 96 62 60 lllinois ...... 96 49 50 Michigan . . . . 91 89 83 N. Dakota . . . 83 80 83 >3. Dakota 95 78 73 Nebraska . . . . 95 68 50 Kansas . . . 91 57 23 Kentucky . . .. 92 64 56 ’l‘ennesee .. . . 85 70 63 Alabama . . . .. 80 72 78 Mississippi . . 75 65 76 Louisiana 77 68 71 Texas ....... 75 65 75 Oklahoma . . . 89 47 35 Arkansas . 84 58 65 Montana . . . .. 96 86 90 Wyoming .. . . 94 85 92 Colorado .. . . . 90 92 86 New Mex..... 3 92 76 Arizona . . . 85 90 92 l‘tah ........ 91 95 91 Nevada . . . 90 94 91 Idaho 94 83 91 Wash. ....... 84 83 87 Oregon ...... 93 75 93 California . 94 91 86 Wisconsin . . . 95 86 89 Minn. 90 80 88 Iowa ........ 95 68 2 67 Missouri . 91 45 28 U. S. . .. 92 78.4 87.4 1915 ONION CROP. The September government crop re- port placed the condition of onions at 75.5 as compared with 81.9 for the corresponding month of 1914. Follow“ ing are the estimates of the different : hates: Sept. 1, Sept. 1, 1915. 1914. Maine ................ 80 89 2'40w Hampshire ...... 70 90 Vermont ............. . 85 93 Massachusetts ........ 80 96 Rhode Island . . . . . . 86 90 Connecticut ........... 88 91 New York ............ 56 89 New Jersey .......... 95 84 Pennsylvania ......... 95 86 Deleware ............. 94 87 Maryland ............. 93 82 Virginia .............. 91 70 West Virginia ........ 95 76 North Carolina ....... 90 78 South Carolina ....... 82 70 Georgia ...... ........ 84 78 Ohio ....'..... ........ 26 80 Indiana ............... 64 74 Illinois ............... 91 61 Michigan ............. 86 90 North Dakota ........ 87 83 South Dakota ......... 96 80 Nebraska ............. 94 76 Kansas ............... 87 78 Kentucky ............. 95 76 Tennessee ............ 91 78 Alabama ............. 84 78 Mississippi ........... 82 77 Louisiana ............. 84 81 Texas ................ 87 79 Oklahoma ............ 91 75 Arkansas ............. 91 76 Montana .............. 95 86 Viyoming ............. 97 93 Colorado ............. 90 92 New Mexico .......... 88 93 Arizona .............. 88 91 Utah ................. 95 96 Nevada ............... 96 96 Idaho ................. 95 86 \Vashington ........... 92 88 Oregon ............... 96 88 California ............. 96 g 93 Wisconsin ............ 95 88 Minnesota ............ 90 86 Iowa ................. 93 78 Missouri .............. 90 64 United States ........ 75.5 81.9 THE MICHIGAN FARMER 'rnnxnnA SOUND FIRST MORTGAGE W_.....-. p. We offer for humedlate sale ($500,000) the first portion of M than) $500 $1000 6% $|,506,I00 First Mortgage 6% Real Estat The Albert Dicliinson Seed Merchants, Dated October lst, 1915. Interest payable April 1 and Oct. 1. Denominations, $500-$l,000. S E C U R I T Y passageways overhead. There are' our miles of railroad tracks The buildings are provided with covered unloading platforms ceeding 350 cars. 4—Ownership of Land and Buildings, being their old property at on the L. S. & M. S. Railroad, a smaller complete working unit. successful company, financially strong. held by this bank, as trustee, for protection of bondholders. These Bonds are. approved and recommended for investment by Trust Company, capital and surplus $1,850,000, founded 1855. established State Bank have successfully stood every test for vestment for Banks and Insurance Companies. dividual investm. Founded 1855 Capital and Surplus $1,850,000 BAN K S. E. Cor. La Salle and Madison CHICAGO 'II'IIIin!!!Illhiellqcu‘oclccecqee‘belleel "caucus"anee..ecccce.cceooeeoeee U COLD WEATHER WILL SOON BE HERE! Have you a FUR COAT or ROBE that needs a. NEW LININH. FASTENERS. or the FUR repaired? ‘l H :. BLISSFIELD ROBE a. TANNING 00., will gladly pay the (IIIARGES if sent to them. and by return mail will give you a low estimate on putting your EUR GOODS in condition as good as new. If the price is not. satisfactory, goods are returned FREE OF CHARGE. THE BLISSFIELD ROBE & TANNING COMPANY, Lock Box M. F., Blissfield, Michigan #mm.T—~n-xxa .. . :7; ~ .—_-.:;_1,,_ _ .. THE OCTOBER SALE 120 REGISTERED HOLSTEINS 120 Sales Pavillion, Howell, Michigan Thursday, October I4, 1915 Choice individuals of the best of breeding tuber- culin—tested by veterinaiarns approved by the Michi— gan Livestock Sanitary Commission. Including among the consignments offered there will be: 16 bred to Ypsiland Sir Pontiac DeKol, son of Pontiac DeNij- lander, the thrice thirty pound wonder. ’7 bred to a son of Rag Apple Korndyke 8th and a 301b. 4 yr. old daughter of Pontiac Korndyke. 6 bred to a son of Hengerveld DeKol, the greatest sire of all. 6 bred to sons of King Segis Pontiac, sire of the $50,000 bull. 4 bred to a son of Hengervcld DeKol’s best daughter. . Granddaughters of King Segis, Hengerveld DeKol, King Segis Pontiac, Pontiac Korndyke, Pontiac Aaggie Korndyke, King of the Butter Kings, and Colantha Johanna Lad. Ninth Public Sale The Michigan Breeders Consrgnment Sale (30., H. W. NORTON JR., Man, Howell, Mich. Send for Catalog. ' Michigan-bred Holsteins are Freest from Disease. The Largest Concern of Its Kind in the United States. l—Loca';ion—-—Corner 35th Street and California Avenue on Drainage Canal, in the new South- west manufacturing district, Chicago, which is steadily increasing in value. Z—Ownership of Land—Over 70 acres, of which over 60 acres are owned by the company. 3—Ownership of Buildings—New reinforced concrete with brick, outside sprinkled. The build— ings are in seven units, making a s uare of 420 feet, with connecting subways beneath and be spotted without a second movement. The Dickinson railroad yard has a capacity ex— 5—Valuation—Value of land and buildings and equipment conservatively estimated at $3,288,000. 6—Earnings—Earnings of the company for the past five years average considerably over three times the annual interest charge. The bonds are the direct obligation of an old established, 7—lnsurance against Fire and Mortgage Guarantee Policy by Chicago Title and Trust Company, by the most conservative in— PRICE 'ro YIELD 6%,;0 INVESTORS Illustrated descriptive Circular 2% ”.707 ram on request Reservation Can Now Be Made for Future Delivery if Desired. animus AN D TR U ST COM PANY detectiiittttwebllfittoumsin-ti uscsceoccncsuge'auto-occu- 6% $500 $1000 e Gold Bonds Company Established 18“. Maturing Z to 8 years. .‘ :1" i‘ i a n U “see no 'J on the surface and elevated. and upward of 100 cars can corner Clark and 16th Streets Greenebaum Sons Bank and Securities sold by this old three generations. Legal in— '...IIIIIGOIIQICIOOOQflhlon{OIQOIGoéfiafi.aeahhi’e‘ All Branches of Banking. Buy From a Bank. Sts. A RAZOR SNAP! A new lot of Imported German Razors at 50 cents while the supply lasts, is now offered by the Michigan Farmer. ' The razors are made of the best -, German steel, five-eighth inch blade, and black handle. We will not say just what these razors ordinarily re- tail at, as prices on razors vary With each dealer, but we have seen razors no better sold at $1.25 and $1.50. Every man who shaves ought to have at least three razors as it is a proven fact that giving a razor a rest is beneficial to it, and here is your opportunity to get a supply at very little cost. So, only while our present supply lasts the price is 50 cents each, post'- paid, or a half-dozen at $2.00, post~ paid. A Strop Bargain, Too. We also have a new lot of Presto All—in-One razor strops that dealers sold at $1.00 each. These strops are made of finest horsehide leather and one side is treated with All-in-One solution which makes it possible to put a hair-splitting edge on the dull- est razor. It combines the strop and ~ hone in one. The special price on the strop alone, while the supply lasts, will be 50 cents, postpaid, but if ordered to- gether with one of the above razors the price of both will be only 75 cents postpaid. or $1.15 with the Michigan Farmer one year: $1.60 for three years This would make a nice present, 2 worth double the cost. and $2.10 for five years. AGENTS WANTED: to represent a reliable concern can- vassmg among farmers in your own neighborhood or elsewhere. No expe- l ' Liberal pay, and l supplies furnished free to right part- i rience necessary. ies. Reference required. Address, ADVERTISER. BABE lllE MlliHlGlll FlllllEll. Detroit, Michigan ; dropped. THE MICHIGAN FARMER OCT. 2, 1915. 298—18 E lllll|IIllllllllIIIIllllll||ll|llllllll|llllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllillllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfl = Markets. @IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllIllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllIIll|llllllllIllllll|Illll|I|llllllllllllllHlllllllllllfi WEATHER FORECAST. For week beginning September 29 for region of the Great Lakes, will'be one of generally fair and cool weather except that rains are probable Friday or Saturday and in the extreme north part at the beginning of the week. GRAINS AND SEEDS. September 28, 1915. Wheat—Speculative operations ap- pear to be partly responsible for the break in wheat prices at the opening this week when values slumped three cents. Anticipating that shorts would be caught at the close of the month when they attempted to fill their or- ders, holders of wheat kept the mar- ket up until it was evident that the men needing the grain had supplied themselves through private sources, and then the price for cash goods Improvement in weather 1 conditions has encouraged delivery in ‘ northwestern sections particularly ‘ and this has acted as a bearish factor § in the market. It must be understood, nevertheless, that the general conser- . vative action of the farmers has done . much to keep the market on a firm basis and if persisted in will eliminate a good deal of the speculative element which is likely to become extensive under existing international condi- tions. Foreign buying has been light and almost entirely confined to Cana- dian wheat. One year ago No. 2 red wheat was quoted at $1.07 per bushel. Prices for the past week are: No. 2 No. 1 Red. White. Dec. . Wednesday . .1.13 1.10 1.07 3 Thursday . . . . . .1.121/2 1.091/2 1.061/2 ‘ Friday . . . . . .1.12 1.09 1.071/2 Saturday . . . ....1.12 1.09 1.07 % Monday . ... . . . .138 1.06 1.05%,» Tuesday . . ..... 1.09 1.06 1.06 Chicago. September wheat $1.05; December 95.5c; May 98.2c per bu. Corn.—Corn deliveries were large the past week which, with a depres- sion in wheat prices, have caused low- er quotations to prevail. Farmers are considerably encouraged with the per- centage of corn that has properly ma- tured. Argentine is sending some corn to New York City which offer- ' ings are reported in excellent condi- tion. American visible supply increas- ed 210,000 bushels. No. 3 corn was quoted locally at 780 per bushel a year ago. Prices for the past week are: No. 3 No. 3 Mixed. Yellow. Wednesday . . . . . . . . . 761A,» 79 Thursday 74 77 Friday 741/2 77 Saturday ..... . . . . . . 3% 76 Monday .. . . . . . . . . . . 73% 76 Tuesday 73 75 Chicago—September corn 68c; De- cember 55.40; May 57.30 per bushel. 0ats.~—Instead of following the two major grains, oats advanced in price this past week. The offerings of this Cereal have been relatively small and a very good demand prevails through- out the eastern part of the country. A year a 0 standard oats were quoted at 491/2c iper bushel. Prices for the past wee are: No. 3 Standard. White. Wednesday . . . . . . . . . 381/2 37 Thursday 39 371/2 Friday ..... 39 57% Saturday ........... 391/2 3 Monday 39% 38 Tuesday ............ 391/2, 3 Chicago.—September oats 38.10; De- cember 360; May 38.1c per bushel. Rye—Prices advanced 30 or better and the market is firm and quiet. Cash No. 2 is 950 per bushel. Barley.—At Milwaukee the malting grades have advanced to 53@610 per bushel. Chicago quotations 51@600. Peas—Lower at $2.20@2.30 per bu. for new, with sacks included. Beans.—~Increased demand and a poor crop have advanced prices. Farmers should hold October beans for at least $3 per bushel. Detroit prices are: Cash $3.05 per bu; Octo- ber $2.95. Chicago trade is quiet and steady. Pea beans, hand-picked, choice, are firm at $3@3.15; common $2.62@2.80; red kidneys $3.50@3.60. Timothy Seed.—-—Steady. Prime spot $3.75 per bushel. FLOUR AND FEEDS. Flown—Jobbing lots in one-eighth paper sacks are selling on the Detroit market per 196 lbs., as follows: Best patent $5.90; seconds $5.60; straight $5.20; spring patent $6.60; rye flour 6 .20. . Feed.—-—In 100-lb. sacks, jobbing lots are: Bran $25; standard middlings $29; fine middlings $32; cracked corn $24.50; corn and oat chop. $31.60 per ton. New Hay.———No. 1 timothy $16@17; standard timothy $15@16; light mixed $15@16; N0. 2 timothy $14@15; N0. 1 mixed $12@13; No. 2 mixed $10@11; No. 1 clover $10@11. Chicago—Demand good and supply of good hay is light. Inferior grades plentiful and dull. New timothy $8@ 17 per ton. Straw—Rye straw $7.50@8; and cat straw $6.50@7 per ton. wheat DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS. Butter.—The tone of the market is firm at last week’s prices. Extra creamery 25c; firsts 24c; dairy 210; packing stock 18c. Elgin.—~Market is quiet but light supply of fancy creamery advanced prices 1c. Quotation for the week is 26c per lb. Chicago.-——Market is firm and light receipts brought higher prices. Extra creamery 25%@26c; extra firsts 241/; @25c; firsts.23@24c; seconds 211/2@ 22%0; packing stock 19@191/2c per lb. Poultry.——The market is good for all kinds, with prices slightly higher. Live.——Broilers, No. 1, 15@151/3c No. 2, 14@141,éc; heavy hens I‘ll/2617150; others 11@131/zc; ducks 14@150; geese 10c: turkeys 160. Chicago.—Trade is good but liberal receipts brought a decline in prices. Fowls, good weights, 121/2@13c; oth- ers 10/3110: spring chickens 15c; ducks 13@14%c; geese 100; guinea I $2756.93 per dozen: turkeys, good weights 140; spring turkeys 20c. Eggs—Market is firm with offerings light. Candled firsts sell at 25c; cur- rent receipts 23c. Chicago—AMarket is steady at prices slightly lower than last week. Mis- cellaneous lots, cases included. 18617 23c: ordinary firsts 2-11/2@221/2c per dozen; firsts 221/26i-233f2c. Veal.—~Quoted steady at 14W141/zc for fancy, and 13@131/2c for common. FRUITS AND VEGETABLES. Apples—Are firm and in good de- mand. Fancy $2.25@2.50 per bbl, and 75@80c per bu; common $1@1.50 per bbl. and 40@50c per bushel. At Chi- cago market is cleaned up and firm. Good stock sells well. Wealthy $2@ 2.25; Maiden Blush $2.25@2.50; Alex- ander $1@1.25. Peaches—Market active and firmer. Demand is good. Fancy peaches are bringing $1.25; AA’s $1; A’s 900@$1; B's 500. The market at Chicago is a little firmer. Michigan fruit sells for 50@85c per bushel, 12%@15c per one- fifth bushel basket. Pears—Market is steady for good stock, good Bartletts bringing $4.50@ 4.75. At Chicago desirable stock is scarce. Michigan Bartletts sell for $66177 per bbl; $1.75@$2 per bu; Seckel $6@7 per bbl; others $2@3. Potatoes—Market is steady for good quality stock. Michigan tubers sell for 25@50c per bu. At Chicago Mich- igan whites are selling at 38@4OC per bushel in carlots. WOOL. Boston.-—Although transactions were made on a qiuet market this past week and the trade may be consider- ed a little dull, brokers everywhere re- main conlident of continued high prices. The demand, too, is not con- fined 10 a fm.‘ lines but seems to be spreading our to every grade of wool which makes it difficult to substitute and titect swings in manufacturing. Mills are busy and some have even refused foreign orders, being occupied to capacity with domestic business. Much attention is given to South Ain- erica at, present but German brokers are reported to be buying wool liber- ally for storage till after hostilities cease. ltlirirégan unwashed combing quoted here at 30@35c:,do clothing 24 @300; do delaines 28@29c per pound. DETROl-T “Essa MARKET. Farmers sold out quickly last Tues- day morning at prices that were steady with the previous week. Pota- toes are coming slowly with the price range from 70@85c per bushel. Ap. ples 600@$1; tomatoes 75c@$1.50; melons $1; squash $1; green peppers 60@75c; peaches 75c@$1.50; lettuce 40@500; cabbage 40@600; eggs 350; onions 50@75c; loose hay not coming very freely with prices ranging from $18@24 per ton. GRAND RAPIDS. This year's crop of beans is begin- ning to move and local buyers are of- fering $2.50 for white and $2.75 for red kidneys. Elbertas are the leading variety of peach in the market at present and are selling at 50@75c. Rains continue to upset the quality of fruit and to make the season disas- trous for growers. High winds of late have also thinned the apple crop in this section. Grapes are selling at $1 per dozen for 4-lb. baskets, 160 for 8- lb. baskets and 500 for half—bushels. The potato market is still slow at 40 @45c. Hay is bringing $13@15 per ton. Fresh eggs are a cent higher, being quoted at 24c. Local mills are quoting these prices to farmers for grain: No. 2 red wheat $1.06; No. 1 white $1.03; rye 80c; corn 800; white oats 350. LIVE STOCK MARKETS. Buffalo. September 27, 1915. (Special Report of Dunning & Stev- ens, New York Central Stock Yards, Buffalo, N. Y.) Receipts of stock here today: Cat. tle 180 cars; hogs 90 d. d.; sheep and lambs 53 d. d.; calves 900 head. With 180 loads of cattle on our mar- ket here today, and a good many of them common cattle, our market was a little easier on everything but the right good cattle, which sold steady. There were several loads of stockers here today and not many buyers, and the good ones sold from $6.25@6.75, while the light stockers sold from $5 @6. We think there will be more buyers here for stockers when they find out the market is open. We think the good cattle will sell pretty good from now on. They had a heavy run of Virginia cattle in New York today and that did not do our market any good. ()u: bull market was 10@15c better this week and the best butcher stuff was steady. Receipts of hogs were fairly liberal today, about 90 double decks and gen- eral market 5@10c lower than Satur- day’s best time. All light grades sold this much decline, while the medium and heavy grades in some cases were 56; 10c higher. A string of 300-lb. hogs, choice quality, sold at $8.65 and some choice 240 to 270 lbs. at $8.75@ 8.80. llulk of the selected lights at $8.85@ 8.90; a few fancy lots a little more. Best pigs $8.75; common pigs $6.506i7.50; roughs $6.50@7; stags $5 @6. Everything sold and late market was strong, vitli a fairly good prOS- pect for the next. few days. The market today was active on both sheep and lambs, with prices steady with the close of last week on lambs; sheep firm; most of the choice lambs selling at $9.50. We look for steady prices the last of the week with moderate receipts. \Ve quote: Lambs $9.35@9.50; cull to fair $7.50@9.25; yearlings $7@7.50; bucks $36195; handy ewes $5.50@5.75; heavy ewes $5@5.25; wethers $6@ 6.50; ‘cull sheep $3@4-75§ veals, choice to extra $12.25@12.50; fair to good $8.50@12; heavy calves $5@8.50. Chicago. September 27, 1915. Cattle. Hogs. Sheep. Receipts today..17,000 21,000 16,000 Same day 1914..22,351 19,438 54,855 Last week ...... 49,704 74,544 89,324 Same wk 1914..46,405 91,713 172,171 Shipments from here last week amounted to 8,402 cattle, 20,814 hogs and 11,869 sheep, comparing with 6,782 cattle, 22,149 hogs and 8,960 sheep a week earlier and 20,560 cattle, 15,493 hogs and 61,736 sheep a year ago. Cattle are in moderate supply for Monday, and prices are generally stronger. Hogs are about 5c higher, With sales at $6.70@8.50 with a light run. Hogs received last week aver- aged but 231 lbs, a great falling off in Weight. Sheep and lambs are 15@ 25c higher, with a $9.25 top for prime range lambs. Cattle prices were seriously depress- ed last week by too generous offer- ings, with a Monday run of 26,000 head, followed by much larger offer- ings on the following day than are us- ually seen on Tuesday, and the break in values for the two days averaged fully 25c. Receipts on Wednesday of only 2,500 head caused a rally in prices for the better class, but the rank and file of the cattle failed to sell any higher. Prime corn-fed beeves are becoming scarcer all the time, and the prospects are favorable for own- ers of such, but so long as western rangers are marketed at the present rate, their native grass-fed competi- tors will be discriminated against by killers, since the range cattle dress more satisfactorily. The bulk of the steers received last week sold at $8@ 10, with inferior to plain grass steers selling at $5.25@6.50, common to me- dium warmed-up steers at $6.60@7.75, medium to good handy steers at $7.80 @850 and good to choice corn—feds at $8.60@9.50. For choice to extra fine steers buyers paid $9.60@10.40, the top being as high as a week earlier, and good to prime little yearlings sold at $8.75@10.25, with choice lots at $9.50 and over and sales made all the way down to $7.25@8.50 for common to fair yearlings. Butchering cows and heifers had an outlet at $4.60@8-90. with the best cows taken at $7@7.50. while prime corn-fed yearling heifers were the highest sellers invariably. Cutters sold at $4@4.55, canners at $2.50@3.95, and bulls at $4@7. Calves were disposed of at much lower prices, desirable light-weight vealers gorng at ‘$10@11 per 100 lbs., while the heaVier calves brought $4@8.50. Western range cattle arrived freely, inpluding some good consignments from the Canadian northwest, and sales were made of cows, heifers and steers on the basis of $5.25@8.65. Hogs have fluctuated wildly in pric- es at various times of late, quotable changes being governed largely by the volume of the receipts. At one time the market was strongly on the down grade, because the packers took ad- vantage of fairly large supplies and the absence of the usually good east- ern shipping demand to force sharp breaks, but this caused country ship- pers to withhold supplies so largely as to bring about good recoveries. Re- cent receipts averaged 238 lbs., com- paring with 248 lbs. one month ear- lier, 247 lbs. one year ago and 217 lbs. two years ago. The best light weight hogs are slower to sell higher much of the time than the other grades, and pigs have to be sold at a big discount from hog prices. Hogs continue to sell at much lower prices than those for the last three years, and the nu- merous grassy offerings are very bad sellers, as they show a heavy shrink- age on the killing sheets. Late in the week hogs sold at an extreme range of $6.60@8.45, the highest prices of the year, with the best pigs at $8 and sales down to $5.50 for inferior ones. A week earlier hogs went at $6.10@8. Prime light hogs sold the highest and heavy shippings hogs at $7.45@8.10. Lamb and sheep receipts from week to week look extremely small in mun— ber when placed in comparison with those for previous years, and it is nat- ural that. sales should be made at higher prices than in past years. Range and native lambs make up the prrncrpal part of the runs, with fair supplies of native ewes, and a small showmg of wethers and yearlings. Most of the range flocks of lambs grade high and sell better than the native lambs. Omaha is getting lib- eral supplies of range lambs, with feeders greatly predominating in num- bers, as well as at other outside west‘ ern markets. At the week’s close lambs sold at $6.75@9, yearlings at $6 @715, wethers at $5.50@6.45, ewes at $3@5.75 and bucks at; $4.25@5. Range lambs closed 25@400 higher for the week. Horses were in large supply last week, and army purchases were on the usual liberal scale at unchanged prices. Sales were, made of inferior to good farm chunks at $60@160, mares going highest, while nice wag- oners sold at $160@200 and drafters at $210@285. CROP AND MARKET NOTES. Michigan. Calhoun Co., Sept. 21.—-Threshing not done. Corn good, and ready for cutting in about a week. Beans not promising, being blighted badly. Po- tatoes ripening unevenly on account of blight, also some rot reported. Some potatoes being marketed at 25c per bushel. Quite a lot of hay being disposed of. Tuscola Co., Sept. 23.———Wheat yield- ing 10 to 25 bushels; oats harvested in fair condition, yielding 40 to 50 bushels per acre. Corn a poor crop and fields very wet. Very little fall wheat sown. Beans poor on account of blight and wet weather and many fields will not be harvested. Potatoes rotting badly. Clover seed not filling well. Wheat 96c; oats 310; beans. $2.60; eggs 210; butter 30c. New York. Niagara Co., Sept. 22.—Wheat and oats yielded well. Corn is fairly good. Alfalfa looking good. Potatoes and beans about one-third of a crop. Peaches are a drug on the market, they are not standing up well. and there is no profit in the crop. Apples bringing $2.50@3 tree run. Eggs 26c; butter 280. Ohio. Greene Co., Sept. 21.——Wheat an av- erage yield and oats better than usual. Potatoes were never better, very little blight and rot. Corn good crop and harvesting begun. Some ground plow- ed but no seeding done. Clover seed not yielding well. Alfalfa good. The usual amount of cattle and lots of feeding hogs on hand. Late apples 3. large crop. Wheat 99c: corn 75@800; potatoes 40c; butter-fat 25%0. Missouri. Warren Co., Sept. 20.-—Wheat aver— aged 15 bushels; oats 40 bushels and good quality. Potatoes a good crop; bean fair crop. Corn is ripening and will be good. Not much plowing yet as it is too dry. A few cattle and some hogs and sheep being fed. Pears and late apples good. Wheat $1, wool 28c, butter fat 25c, butter 30c. -....—t. . .;.. mpg-.- . 5. H. . ‘ raising the quarantine. OCT. 2, 1915. THE MICHIGAN FARMER 19—299 DETROIT STOCK YARDS CLOSED. As announced in the last‘issue the Detroit Stock Yards are closed for final cleaning and disinfection before In the mean- time shipments are being made direct to packing houses. LIVE STOCK AWARDS AT THE STATE FAIR. (Continued from page 303). Ram, 1 yr.—1st, 2nd and 4th, Wood & 8611; 2d, Calhoun Bros; 3rd, Moore. Ram, lamb—.1st and 2d, J. M. Shaw & Son, Madison, Ohio; 3rd and 4th, Wood & Son. - Ewe, 2 yrs. or over—1st and 4th, Moore; 2nd and 5th, Wood & Son; 3rd, Shaw & Son. Ewe, 1 yr.——1st and 3rd, Shaw & Son; 2nd and 4th, Wood & Son Ewe, lamb—1st and 4th, Shaw & Son; 2nd 3rd, and 5th, Wood & Son. Flock—1st, Wood & Son; 2d, Moore; 3rd, Shaw & Son; 4th, Calhoun-Bros. Breeders’ young flock—1st, Wood & Son; 2nd, Shaw & Son; 3rd, Moore. Lamb flock—1st, Shaw & Son; 2nd, Wood & Son; 3rd, Moore; 4th, Cal- houn Bros. Get of sire—lst, Shaw & Son; 2nd, Wood & Son; 3rd, Moore; 4th, Cal- houn Bros. Grand champion ram—Wood & Son. Grand champion ewe—Moore. Oxford Downs. Ram, 2 yrs. or over—lst, Kope Kon Farms, Kinderhook, Mich.; 2nd and 3rd, Wm. Newton, Pontiac, Mich. Ram, 1 yr.—-1st, KOpe Kon Farm; 2nd. Newton. Ram, lamb—~18t and 3rd, Kope Kon Farm; 2nd, Newton. Ewe, 2 yrs. or over—1st and 2nd, Kope Kon Farm; 3rd and 4th, Newton. Ewe, 1 yr.——1st and 2nd, Kope Kon Farm; 3rd and 4th, Newton. . Ewe, Lamb—1st and 3rd, Kope Kon Farm; 2nd and 4th, Newton. Flock——1st, KOpe Kon Farm; 2nd, Newton. Breeders’ young flock—1st, Kope Kon Farm; 2nd, Newton. Lamb flock—1st, Kope Kon Farm; 2nd, Newton. Get of sire—1st, Kope Kon Farm; 2nd, Newton. Grand champion ram and ewe—— Kope Kon Farm. Leicesters. All first awards in this class were made to Wm. Newton, Pontiac, Mich., the only exhibitor. Cheviots. Ram, 2 yrs. or over—lst, Raymond D. Grieve, Xenia, Ohio; 2nd and 3rd, Wayne C. Postle, Camp Chase, Ohio; 4th, A. C. Grieve, Xenia, Ohio; 5th, Geo. C. Woodman, Owosso, Mich. Rm, 1 yr.———1st and 3rd, Postle; 2d, Grieve &- Son; 4th and 5th, Wood- man. Ram, lamb-1st, 2nd, R. D. Grieve; 3rd and 5th, Woodman; 4th, Postle. Ewe, 2 yrs. or over—1st, R. D. Grieve; 2nd and 5th, Postle; 3rd and 4th, Grieve & Son. Ewe, 1 yr.——lst, Grieve & Son; 2nd and 3rd, R. D. Grieve; 3rd and 5th, Postle. Ewe, lamb—let and 2nd, R. D. Grieve; 3rd, Grieve & Son; 4th, Pos- tle; 5th,'Woodman. Flock—1st, R. D. Grieve; 2nd, Pos- tle; 3rd, Grieve & Son; 4th, Wood- man; 5th, Wm. Newton, Pontiac. Breeders’ flock—1st, R. D. Grieve; 2nd, Postle; 3rd, Woodman; 4th, New- ton. Lamb flock—-1st, R. D. Grieve; 2nd, Postle; 3rd, Woodman; 4th, Newton. Get of sire—1st, R. D. Grieve; 2nd, Postle; 3rd, Woodman; 4th, Newton. Grand champion ram and grand ‘ champion ewe—R. D. Grieve. Cotswolds. . Ram, 2 yrs. or over lst and 2nd, P. W. Heintz, Clyde, Ohio; 3rd and 4th, Wm. Newton, Pontiac, Mich. Ram, 1 yr.——15t, 2nd and 4th— Heintz; 3rd, Newton. Ram, lamb—1st and 2nd, Heintz; 3rd and 4th, Newton. Ewe, 2 yrs. or over—1st and 2nd, Heintz; 3rd and 4th, Newton. Ewe, 1 yr.—1st and 2nd, Heintz; 3rd and 4th, Newton. . Ewe, lamb—lst and 2nd, Heintz; 3rd and 4th, Newton. Flock—1st, Heintz; 2nd, Newton. 'Breeders’ young flock—1st, Heintz; 2nd, Newton. Lamb flock—1st, Heintz; 2nd, New- ton. . Get of sire—1st, Heintz; 2nd, New- ton. Grand champion ram and ewe—cup -—Heintz. - Lincolns- Ram, 2 yrs. or over—1st and 2nd, Sunnyside Farm, DeGraff, Ohio; 3rd, Eph. Knight, Gagetown, Mich.; 4th and 5th, Wm. Newton, Pontiac. ' Ram, 1-yr.—1st and 2nd, Sunnyside Farm; 3rd and 4th, Knight. Ram, lamb—List and 2nd, Sunnyside Farm; .3rd and 4th, Knight; 5th, New- ton. -, ‘ ,, Ewe, 2 yrs. or over—1st and 2nd, Sunnyside Farm; 3rd and 5th, Knight; 4th, Newton. Ewe, 1 yr.—1st and 2nd, Sunnyside Farm; 3rd and 4th, Knight; 5th, New- ton. Ewe, lamb—1st and 2nd, Sunnyside Farm; 3rd, 4th and 5th, Knight. Flock—lst, Sunnyside Farm; 2nd, Knight; 3rd, Newton. Breeders’ young flock—1st, Sunny« side Farm; 2nd, Knight. Lamb flock—1st, Knight. Get of sire—1st, Sunnyside Farm; 2nd, Knight. Grand champion Ram and ewe—— Sunnyside Farm. Hampshires. . Ram, 2 yrs. or older—1t, Kope Kon Farm, Kinderhook, Mich.; 2nd and 4th, Monroe Stock Farm, Lucas, Ohio; 3rd, R. A. Kyser, Lowell, Mich.; 5th, Wm. Newton, Pontiac, Mich. Ram, 1 yr.—1st and 3rd, Monroe Stock Farm; 2nd, 4th and 5th, Kyser. Ram, lamb—1st, 2nd and 5th, Mon— roe Stock Farm; 3rd and 4th, Kope Kon Farm. Ewe, 2 yrs. or over—lst and 3rd, Monroe Stock Farm; 2nd, Kope Kon Farm; 4th and 5th, Kyser. Ewe, 1 yr. 1st and 3rd, Monroe Stock Farm; 2nd and 5th, Kope Kon Farm; 4th, Kyser. Ewe, lamb—1st, 2nd and 4th, Mon‘ roe Stock Farm; 3rd and 5th, Kope Kon Farm. Flock—1st, Monroe Stock Farm; 2d, Kope Kon Farm; 3rd, Kyser; 4th, Newton. Breeders’ young flock—1st, Monroe Stock Farm; 2nd, Kyser; Kon Farm; 4th, Newton. 3rd, Kope Lamb flock—1st, Monroe Stock Farm; 2nd, Kyser; 3rd, Kope Kon Farm; 4th, Newton. Get of sire—1st, Monroe Stock Farm; 2nd, Kyser; 3rd, Kope. Kon Farm; 4th, Newton. Grand champion ram—Kope Farm. Grand champion ewe—Monroe Stock Farm. Kon Horned Dorsets. Ram, 2 yrs. or over—1st and 2nd, Hamilton Farms, Gladstone, New Jer- sey; 3rd, Sunnyside Farm, DeGraff, Ohio; 4th and 5th, Geo. C. 'Woodman, Owosso, Mich. Ram, 1 yr.—1st and 3rd. Hamilton Farms; 2nd and 4th, Sunnyside Farm; 5th, Woodman. . Ram, lamb—lst and 2nd. Hamilton Farms; 3rd and 4th, Sunnyside Farm; 5th, Woodman. Ewe, 2 yrs. or over—1st and 2nd, Hamilton Farms; 3rd and 4th, Sunny- side Farm; 5th, Woodman. Ewe, 1 yr.——1st and 3rd, Hamilton Farms; 2nd and 4th, Sunnyside Farm; 5th, Woodman. Ewe, lamb———1st and 3rd, Hamilton Farms; 2nd and 4th, Sunnyside Farm; 5th, Woodman. Flock—1st, Hamilton Farms: 2nd, Sunnyside Farm; 3rd, Woodman; 4th, Wm. Newton. Breeders’ young herd—1st, HamiL ton Farms; 2nd, Sunnyside Farm; 3d, Woodman; 4th, Newton. Lamb flock—lst, Hamilton Farms; 2nd, Sunnyside Farm; 3rd, Woodman; 4th, Newton. Get of sire—1st, Hamilton Farms; 2nd, Sunnyside Farm; 3rd, Woodman; 4th, Newton. Grand champion ram and Hamilton Farms. Southdowns. Ram, 2 yrs. or over 1st, Monroe Stock Farm, Lucas, Ohio; 2nd, Kope Kon Farm, Kinderhook, Mich. Ram, 1 yr.——1st, Geo. W. Heskett, Fulton, Ohio; 2nd, Monroe Stock Farm; 3rd, Kope Kon Farm. Ram, Lambs—1st, Kope Kon Farm: 2nd and 5th, Monroe Stock Farm; 3rd and 4th, Heskett. Ewe, 2 yrs. or overwlst, Monroe Stock Farm; 2nd and 4th, Kope Kon Farm; 3rd, Heskett. Ewe, 1 yr.——1st, Monroe Stock Farm; 2nd, Heskett; 3rd and 4th, Kope Kon Farm. Ewe, lamb—1st, Kope Kon Farm: 2nd and 3rd, Monroe Stock Farm; 4th and 5th, Hes'kett. Flock—1st, Monroe Stock Farm; 2nd, Kope Kon Farm; 3rd, Heskett. Breeders’ young flock—4st, Monroe Stock Farm; 2nd, Kope Kon Farm; 3rd, Heskett. ewe—— _Lamb, flock—1st, Monroe Stock Farm; 2nd, Heskett; 3rd, Kope Kon Farm. Get of sire—1st, Monroe Stock Farm; 2nd, Heskett; Farm. Grand champion ram and Monroe Stock Farm. 3rd, Kope [Kon 8W6“ Feeders have been paying up to $8.60 recently at Omaha for feeding lambs while packers at the same time were getting prime fat lots at $8.50. This shows that feeders have confi- dence in the future market and few of them think they are treading on dan- gerous ground although high first cost togetherwith high feed bills, makes it necessarv for them to get high prices at the market when offerings are in finished condition. ‘ American utter & Cheeoe 00.. all"Illllllll|Illll|llll|lllllllllllllIllllllllllIllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllg ii . - E s Veterinary. g a?“lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S. Nasal Gleat Impaction.—Two years ago I bought a team of horses; one of them had spells, when he would dis- charge white mucus from nose, and this horse died last winter with stop- page of the bowels. Now, his mate is acting much the same and coughs ' some; also has discharge from nose, besides a rattling in the head. There has been no swelling in throat nor does it act like a cold. I am afraid it is something the other horses will get. 0. S. 8., Ypsilanti, Mich—You had better have this one horse, and perhaps all your other horses tested with mallein, but, of course, this is work that should be done by a com- petent Vet. Bruised Udder—Garget.—I have a black cow five years old, which came fresh two months ago. The right quarter of udder is caked and hard and the milk she gives is mixed with a little blood. The milk from her oth- er three teats appears to be all right. I have been applying salt water with some vinegar, but so far as I can see it does not help her. W. B.. Aloha, Mich—Give cow 1 dr. potassium io- dide and 1 oz. of sulphate of soda at a dose in feed twice a day. Apply one part iodine and nine parts fresh lard to caked portion of udder three times a week. Bruised Leg—I have a horse that was kicked on hind fetlock, causing lameness which disappeared soon af- ter I applied vinegar and wormwood, but now the joint swells and I would like to know what to do for it. H. M. C., Imlay City, Mich.——Give your horse a teaspoonful of acetate of potash at a dose in feed twice a day and the stocking will perhaps leave his leg. Piuffed Hock—One month ago a swelling appeared in hock of my mare and I have applied blisters without obtaining satisfactory results. J. E. B., Reed City, Mich—Apply equal parts tincture of iOdine and spirits of Camphor every day or two, but remem- ber that bunches of this kind are not easily removed. Indigestion—Sore Throat—I have a :mare that is dumpish and when drink- ing a portion of water returns through her nostrils, and usually has a cough- ing spell every time she drinks. She had a bad attack of horse distemper last winter; since then she has been in above condition. 'W. H., Lum, Mich—Apply one part tincture iodine, two parts camphorated oil to throat once a day. Give her 1,5 oz. powdered licorice, a tablespoonful of ground gen- tian and a. teaspoonful of hyposulphite of soda at a dose in feed two or three times a day. Sprained Hip Joint—I have a two- ycar-old colt that became tangled in wire fence three months ago; since then the whirl bone joint snaps and he goes some lame. When walking you can hear joint crack, but he is not sick. B. D., Capac, Mich—Apply equal parts of turpentine, aqua ammonia and olive oil to hip joint every day or two. Constipation—Unthrifty Condition. I have a colt that does not thrive; his coat is rough and thin. I feed him one quart of oats and one quart of bran three times a. day. Also add a little linseed, but he seems bound up in bowels. I would also like to know how to build an old horse up and put him in condition. Have been feeding him six quarts of oats, but he keeps thin and is not saleable. L. Q, Mt. Clemens, Mich—Give your horse 1 dr. of powdered nux vomica, 1/; oz. fluid extract of gentian and 1/2 oz. of Fowl- ler’s solution at a dose three times a day. Feed less oats and some corn. Hogs Cough—I have 30' hogs run- ning in a grass pasture, but there has not been much for them to eat, so I feed them old corn once a. day and then plenty of green corn in the stalk. These pigs are now in good condition, but for the past four weeks they have been coughing some and lately some of them breathe quick, and are trou- bled with loss of appetite. I have no- ticed that their bowels are costive. W. M., Trenton, Mich.——Mix together equal parts of ground ginger, powder- ed licorice, ground gentian, bicarbon- ate of soda and charcoal. Give each of your hogs a teaspoonful at a dose two or three times a. day. Mana or Wanted armchair. M.A.C. gr uate preferred. BoxM-lo2,Mich. Farmer. WE Olll SELL STOOKEBS ifgrfi°3§$i$s§e§2§§ifif or if you are in the market for feedina stock write or wire us. HARPSTE R COMMISSION COMPANY. Toledo Union Stock Yards, Toledo, Ohio. F‘HMER:_W° are paying from three to live cents above the highest. ofliclal Detroxt Market quotation for your eggs shipped direct to us by ex- press. us for information. It willpay you. Detroxt, Mich. § ‘ TM q, I mum: - I A Long-Wear Coat For F armers, f T first we made DUXBAK Clothes for Sportsmen only. But many farmers bought them any- how because they both shed rain and wore like iron. so we now make the l Duxbalg SPECIAL FARM COAT for the man who must work outdoors in all sorts of weather, or who drives about the country in an automobile. DUXBAK is rain-proof, ventilated, soft and comfortable atall times. Made of exactly the same material as our famous weather—resisting (Cravcnette) Sportsmcn's Clothes. DUXBAK COATS in use in good condition alter years of wear. 4 Buttons. square corners-~two ram. proof outside set in pockets and one outside breast pocket. Large inside pocket for memo books. pencils. etc.. and small inside pocket for tobacco. matches, etc. Body and upper half of sleeves lined throughout with Craven- ette-prooled material. Cuffs and collar cor- duroy faced to button close. You'lhget the Value out of this coat in the first sea son 5 Wear. A FREE BOOK ABOUT STRONG CLOTHES Write for your campfire Catalogue of DUXBAK OutdoorClothcs—more wear with less repair. BIRD. JONES & KENYON a Hickory St. 4,, Uhco. New York . T Wrench Holder Time is money. So why lose time by looking fora wrench when 250 buys our patent wrench holder to be fastened on plow .,\ . beam or handle. Fits any plow; made of spring steel and will last a lifetime. Money refunded if not more than satisfied —write today—save time tomorrow. m Paleni Specia'iy Co .801 742-A Elmimrlell. wanna ' Farms and Farm Lands For Sale The South —The Homeland FOUR T0 SIX TONS OF ALFALFA, 50 to 100 bushels of corn to the acre, $100 to $500 an core from fruit or truck, opportunities for the stock raiser and . dairyman, a climate which means two to four crops 3 year, pleasant home locations, attractive land prices, are things the South offers homeseekers. Om- ‘ publications and special information on requat. M. V. RICHARDS BUUIHLHN 1nd.andAgr.Oom’i-,Sonthern3y. “Chill; .21 PATLVVAV 3°01“ 78 WMNBEWD.D-°- Gauguin FARMS, 933% 31%? UNUSUAL OPPORH‘UNI'I‘TES NOW State Board of Agriculture, Dover, Del. FARMS WANTED—3:301:33?gelgxfé‘iiifflirsfig lowest price. We help buyers locate desirable property Free. American Investment Association. 10 Palace Bldg, Minneapolis, Minn. when you can buy the best farm land in Michi- gan at from $12to $20 an acre on easy terms. Write for particulars. STAFFELD BROTHERS. Owners. 15 Merrill Bldg, Saginaw. West Side. Mich. ' ' Very beet- stock, dairy and cenlra! Mlchlgan Farms- general farming country. Splendid water, schools, roads, markets. Real harm in to offer. Write for list A. Benhnm & Trim, Hastings. Mich. Farm For Sale on contract. may IIO Acre terms. A great bargain. Ask for full particulars regarding any size farm you want to buyin Eaton (‘0. 640 acre stock farm. fenced. Will sarcifice. M. HARTZ, Charlotte. Michigan. qlflND DESCRIPTION of YOUR FARM or RANOHl k. 'We have Cash Buyers Don't Pay Commission. Write NATIONAL REAL ESTATE EXCHANGE ASSOCIATION; Dept. No 8. PERU, ILLINOIS. FlllE FARM Ill Ollllllllll NORTHWEST FOR SALE 320 acres good farm land. one mile from Lashburn, Saskatchewan. On the Gun. Northern By. Price rea sonsble tor cash. or would he sold on terms. For ar- tioularswrlte B. R. MUIH. LASHBURN. BASE. -—96 acre farm, good ll '1 l' I] For Sill! 1 1/; miles from Mui n :S'll.,(¥llnr‘r;18i Zf$flgilotk (lollefie and High School. Price $12,0(X). MR E. D ‘SMOND. ALBION, MICH. 32 under cultivation, new house 80 Acre. and basement barn, crops, stock and tools. Lynus . Macomber, R. 3, Gaylord, Mich. EXPERIENCED orchard man desires work pickin and packing fruit or other furmwork. . tatc wages. Herbert E. Shenkel, Minnewaukan, N.Dakota. Wanted woman From 25 to 45 yrs. for general housework on a small farm near Detroit, a homo and good pay. Address Box H, Care Mic 1. Farmer, Detroit. HA 623-625 Webs-h Bldg. Pittsburgh. Pa. Daniel McCaffrey’s Sons Co. Growers. we want your entire oro . Highest market prices Wr to for stencil. THE E. 1. Richmond 00.. Detroit.Mioh: OUR NEW LOCATION—- 300—20 THE MICHIGAN FARMER OCT. 2, 1915. Elli"||||l”mlHIHIHII|IIII”HIIlllllllll||”IllllllmllllIIIIIIIIIHHIIll“”Hill"IIHIIIIIIIHIIIHI”NINE s . s e; Grange. g ElmlmmlmmlIlIIllllllmlIHimII”IllmlllI”II“IIIININIIIHIIIH"Ill“IHHIHIIHIIIIHIIIIIIIHHIIIIE Our Mottoz—“The farmer'is of more consequence than the farm, and should be first improved.” STATE GRANGE OFFICERS. Master—John C. Ketcham, Hastings. Overseer—C. H. Bramble, Tecum- seh. Lecturer—Dora H. Stockman, Lan- sing. Secretary—Jennie Buell, Ann Arbor. Treasurer—Frank Coward, Bronson. Executi‘Ve Committee—C. S. Bart- lett, Pontiac; Geo. B. Horton, Fruit Ridge; J. W. Hutchins, Hanover; W. F. Taylor, Shelby. ANOTHER CO-OPERATIVE GRANGE VENTURE. The principles of co-operation are be- ing given a practical test in the little village of Lincoln, Alcona county. The officers of the local Grange at this point canvassed the matter last win- ter and, after getting a copy of the co—operative law of 1913, set out to enlist their members and neighbors in forming a co-operative store asso- ciation. This store has been in busy activity since March. Sixty shares have been taken at $10 each and on this small c‘apital success thus far is standing. Mr. W. J. Somers is presi— dent of the association, as well as master of the Lincoln Grange, while Secretary A. Jack, of the Grange, has been made manager of the store. The latter is a hustling enthusiast for the plant and its possibilities. Beginning with a meager stock, he is enlarging as returns of the business will war- rant. Groceries and staple farm and home utensils were first put in, but dry goods will be added this fall. This little co-operative store, owned by farmers and patronized by them- selves and many others, did a busi- ness of $900 the first month, $1,100 the second and from $1,200 to $1,300 each month since. Careful auditing by the board of directors assures the pa- trons that there will be satisfying div- idends at the end of the year. A note- worthy feature of the store trade is that butter and eggs have been paid for in cash from the first, although much of the money thus expended was spent for goods at the other stores of the village, goods which the “co-op” does not yet carry. One result has been that the other stores now pay cash for butter and eggs, something they had never done before. Here is a group of people with con- fidence enough in a principle to apply it by paying one of their own number a reasonable salary to attend to their business affairs, instead of allowing an outsider to attend to them for whatever unlimited profit he can make off from their incomes. Moreover, it makes a social center of their very own in town. On picnic days and oth- er special occasions, the Ladies Aid sells ice cream from one end of the store and people rally about it, visit- ing and resting in a way good to see. JICNNIE BUEI.1’.. ANOTHER NEW GRANGE IN KENT COUNTY. It was my pleasant privilege to meet a goodly company of the farm- ers of Vergennes township, Kent coun- ty, on Tuesday evening, August 24, and assist Brother T. H. McNaughton in the organization of a Grange. Brother McNaughton had previous- ly talked with representative people of the community and arranged the date. The people were all ready for the organization, and we lost no time. We enrolled 35 charter members, elected and installed oflflcers and obli- gated and instructed the new Grange in the unwritten work. We have seldom met a company of people so well situated to carry on successfully the work which they have now begun. As farmers they have been more than ordinarily successful. The fine community spirit is evidenc- ed by a prosperous country church and very good roads over which to reach it. Now they have wisely ad- ded the Grange as a means to the great end of a better rural community. They are united in their attitude to- ward the work, they have in large measure the ability to carry it on, and We hope and believe that Vergennes Grange will amply justify by its fruits the effort expended in its organiza- tion and in its future activities. Kent county has been for years one of the strongest Grange counties in the state. Not only has it contained a goodly number of subordinate Granges, but among them have always been and are now, a few that are very strong. This fact is due largely to wise and efficient leadership. Kent county has some of the best Grange lecturers to be found anywhere. They have kept their Granges busy with :just the kind of work that is sure to pay out in any community. Then, too, an active Pomona has kept kindly watch over the subordinate Granges and given assistance when it was pos- sible. The writer shares in a, measure, the happiness of the good Grange work- ers of Kent county over the advent of this new Grange, and trusts that in many other counties such evidences of Grange growth may be forthcoming. W. F. TAYLOR. NOTICE. To Patrons of l\lichigan:——The ex- ecutive committee, having canvassed the nominating votes of the subordi- nate Granges of the state for places EIIIIIIIIIHIIIHIHIIIIIIHIIIHIBIHHHHHIIHIllllllllllllllHIIIIIIHHIIINIIIIIIIIHIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIHHIE E 9 E g Farmers . Clubs g- EmuulmlummnmumInImIImmmImIImuIIImmmmm“mumuumummuunuumunfi Address all communications relative to the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. J. S. Brown, Howell, Mich. MAKING THE MOST OF THE FARMERS’ CLUBS. In a previous article the writer men- tioned what to him seems an undis- putable fact, namely that while the Farmers’ Clubs are accomplishing a great good, they are not being made of the greatest practical use in the majority of Club communities in the state. The Club meetings have un- questionably been of great social ben- efit in every neighborhood where they are held. They have also tended to broaden the mental horizon of the members to a marked degree, yet in the matter of actual practical business value they have in few cases been utilized to the extent which would be both possible and practical in any community. Farmers do not, of course, want to “talk shop” continuously when attend- ing social meetings of this kind, yet it would be possible to have one feature of the program in a most helpful man- ner without endangering the social or other educational value of the meet- ing. Farmers’ Clubs in counties where county farm bureaus have been organ- ized and county agricultural agents es- tablished, have a very valuable asset which might be utilized in broadening this line of Club work. Without ques- tion any man who has served as coun- ty agricultural agent in any county for one or more years has gained a. Where a Successful Grange Co-operative Store is Located. upon the executive committee for the term of 1916—18, report that the follow- ing persons received the endorsement of the required number of Granges and that their names will, therefore, appear upon the advisory election bal- lot, namely, N. P. Hull, Burr B. Lin— coln, T. H. McNaughton and William H. \Nelsh. BUELL. Secretary. JENNIE AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES. KaIamo Grange conferred the third and fourth degrees on 11 candidates at their meeting September 11. An entertaining and instructive time was enjoyed, after which a bountiful sup— per was partaken. The evening was so pleasantly spent that the meeting did not close until nearly 12 o’clock. Seven candidates have recently been elected who have not taken the de- grees. COMING EVENTS. A corn contest under the auspices of the Grange and rural schools will be held in November in Ann Arbor. Wayne County Pomona will meet with Belleville Grange, Saturday, Oc- tober 16. Lenawee and Washtenaw Pomonas will be the guests. Ingham County Pomona Grange will meet with White Oak Grange, Satur- day, October 9.. Good speakers will entertain and interest you and an ex- cellent program is being prepared. Come and enjoy it with us. Every- body invited. Dinner served by the ladies of White Oak Grange. knowledge of the county’s agriculture, the nature and limitations of the soils in the various sections of the county, the adaptability of those, soils to dif- ferent crops, the best method of im- proving their fertility and increasing their productiveness, etc., and this in- formation should be made available to every member of every Farmers’ Club in the county by selecting some con— crete subject for presentation by the county agent at every meeting for which his services can be secured. Nor need there be any hesitation in calling on the county agent for this work. It is his business to serve the farmers of the county in every way possible, and he can be of much great- er service where he can talk to them in groups, as at a Farmers’ Club, than where he must approach them singly, as is too often the case. Most of us who have been farming for a good many years assume that we do not need further knowledge on the subject of our soils or their man- agement, but the fact that the fertility of most of our older soils is declining, and that our crop yields and the labor income derived from our farms are far below what we might wish, is proof that we yet have a great deal to learn regarding the management of our soils. In fact, the application of scientific knowledge to agriculture is .yet in its infancy, and even the best educated man, from an agricultural point of view, has vastly less real knowledge with regard to agriculture as a whole, than the everyday farmer of the next generation if future pr0< gress can be judged by the progress which has been made in the recent past. It is true that the average farmer is making great progress along these lines, but his progress would be still more rapid if every opportunity to that end were improved. The Farm- ers’ Club is undoubtedly a very valu- able unit for the study and discussion of these problems, and in every county where an agricultural agent is work— ing, the Farmers’ Clubs will be mak- ing a great mistake if they do not utilize his services in many ways. The first step in that direction might prop- erly be to ask him to lay out a course of study or discussion which would be most helpful to the members than follow that plan with such variations as may from time to time be deemed expedient. Unfortunately however, county farm agents are not yet established in the majority of Michigan counties. This need not, however, deter the members of any Club from following a similar plan. These Clubs may freely call for assistance along similar lines upon the Agricultural College, the Office of Farm Management and Field Studies, and upon farmers who have had pecu- liarly succes ful experiences along any line, with confidence that these calls will meet with a cheerful response. This would indeed be making practi- cal use of the Farmers’ Club along most beneficial lines, but this sugges- tion constitutes but the beginning of what might be done in this direction. CLUB DISCUSSIONS. A Pioneer Meeting-.——Although the Ingham County Farmers’ Club has not been reported in your columns lately, it ‘is just as lively and as much in ear- nest as ever. The September meeting was held at Fairview with Mr. and Mrs. Lyman Smith. Over 100 were present, and aside from music and recitations, Mrs. W. A. Milton gave pioneer reminiscences. She graphical- ly described the shanty which gave way to the split log house, the stick chimney, washing in a trough with a home-made washboard, benches in- stead of chairs, candles, dipped, later made with the aid of a mold——but one was not troubled with weak eyes. The women spun and wove and made their own garments. The log schoolhouse with benches around the outer wall, and later the little red schoolhouse with its spelling school, the floor filled with trundle beds at night, etc. Those are days with pleasant memories and Yankee push have made the homes of the twentieth century farmer. The discussion was interesting and partici- pated in by the sons and daughters of those people who settled in Ingham county from 1836 to 1844‘and are largely pioneers themselves. The next meeting will be with Mr. and Mrs. Sylvester Davis at the Maples. Aside from the program as published in the year book, there will be a regular old‘ fashioned debate upon, “Resolved, that we are getting all the good there is from our farm organizations.” Pres- itent Ives will take the affirmative and W. H. Taylor the negative and each has power to select good argu- ments.~Mrs. Tanswell, Cor. See. Our Foreign Relations.—The Elling- ton~AImer Farmers’ Club met in Sep- tember with Mr. and Mrs. D. M. Gra- ham in Caro, when all had a most en- joyable time. H. P. Bush gave an in- teresting talk on the subject of our commercial relations with foreign na- tions, advancing the idea that at no distant day we shall need to get in closer touch with other nations in or- der to find markets for our products. A good literary and musical program was rendered. A bountiful chicken pie supper was served by Mrs. Gra- ham and her able assistants, “topped off" with ice cream and cake. The next meeting will be held with Mr. and Mrs. Max Zemke on October 14. Children’s Day.——~The China Farm- ers’ Club, of St. Clair county, met in September at the home of Charles Eisen, in St. Clair township. The pro- gram was devoted almost entirely to the, children of the Club and consisted largely of songs and recitations by them, followed by an explanation of boys’ and girls’ club work by the coun- ty agent. Other subjects that were of particular interest to the farmers of the community were also discussed informally during the day.— «alb «alb ‘OCT. 2, 1915. allIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII ..lllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII llIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIL Poultry. TIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIlylllIIIIIIlllIIHIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIII BUY MALE BIRDS IN FALL. f‘JIllIllIlllllllllllll fillllllllllllllllllll= The male birds are half the flock and fall is the best time to secure good ones at reasonable prices. Most breeders are overcrowded in the fall and will give better quality for the money than later in the season. Birds secured in fall have time to get ac- climated and accustomed to new sur- roundings and ought to be in the pink of condition when the breeding sea— son arrives. We have no trouble with roosters fighting when we get our breeders in the fall and put them to- gether. But if we put strange birds with others, near the breeding season, we always have trouble with fighting roosters. We make it a rule to keep a few extra males to draw from if a bird gets crippled or disabled. Some say there is no use feeding so many roost- ers. The farmer has plenty of feed, and we prefer to feed the extra birds and be sure of good hatches. It is difficult to replace good male birds late in the season. When we buy good stock of an established breeder we are not only buying so much flesh, bones and feathers, but are getting what has taken the breeder years to produce To save the price of good‘males too many farmers keep birds from their own flock year after year. This caus- es a flock to degenerate in size and vigor. If we are raising market, poul- try we cannot afford to inbreed; we must consider size and vigor. At har- vest time we see the results of sow- ing poor and imperfect seed. At hatch- ing time we find out the evil effects of inbreeding and using inferior male birds. If you cannot afford to buy a number of good roosters get one ex- tra good one and pen him with 12 or 15 of your best females. Money can be saved by buying yearn ling males which breeders often sell at a low price because they are so closely related as to make it unwise to use them another season. These birds are better breeders the second year than the first—their chicks are much stronger. Indiana. FRANCES W001). HOW TO SELECT HIGH-PRODUC- ING l-IENS. According to observations of a poul- try expert, late molting is the accom- paniment of late laying, but late molt- ing does not appear to affect the ear- liness of spring laying; those hens that molted late molted much more rapidly than those that molted early, and hence lost less time. It has been found at the New York Cornell Sta- tion that all of the high producers and some of the low vitality low pro- ducers have pale shanks, but that any bird with yellow shanks after a year of laying, whether it be the first, sec- ond or third years of egg production, has been a poor producer for that year. If a bird starts with pale shanks the shanks will not grow darker, and nothing can be told of the egg produo tion from the shanks alone. It was further found that those birds which had soft pliable combs in the fall were in general better producers than those with hard or dried-up combs. It was found that there was a very close correlation between a com- bination of the three factors (time of molting, color of shank, and texture of comb), and egg production. Studies at the Connecticut Storrs Station tend to show that those birds that normally have a considerable amount of yellow pigment in their ear lobes before, they begin to lay will lay this yellow color out. By means of the ear lobes it is a' comparatively easy matter to go through a thick of utility White Leghorn pullets eight \ THE MICHIGAN FARMER months after they are hatched and pick out those that have not'laid. The ear-lobe test simply indicates whether the bird is laying or not and does not necessarily indicate that a bird will or will not lay heavily throughout the year. WINTER GREENS FOR THE HENS. Lawn clippings and second crop clo- ver make the best green feed for the laying hens in winter. Clippings tak- en from the lawn should be spread on the barn floor, away from the sun— light, and dried for 24 or 48 hours.‘ They should then be bagged and hung in a dry place to be used as wanted. Clover, red, white, crimson or alsike, may be treated in the same manner. These should be out before blooming and dried in the shade out of the di- rect glare of the sun. No winter feed is so acceptable to the birds. Such feeds are fed from a hopper, or bet- ter still, from a roll of poultry fenc- ing. ‘Use a piece of two—inch mesh and about four feet in height. Spread this flat on the floor and cover to the depth of two or three inches with the clippings. Roll up tightly and tie. Suspend from the wall of the building by tying a string at both ends and fastening over a hook. Given in this way there is almost no waste and the hens get considerable exercise in pro- curing the feed. Such material should never be thrown among the litter on the floor. New Hamp. C. H. CIIESIJCY A NEST ROOSTING PREVENTA- - TIVE. Chickens often persist in roosting on the edge of the nests, especially if they are located in a place which is not darkened. This habit is not a source of cleanliness in the nest and is often a cause of considerable bother to the poultry keeper on account of the eggs getting soiled. When an egg becomes dirty it depreciates greatly An Attachment which Prevents Nest Roasting. in market value and cleaning it re- moves a protective coating on the shell, thus lessening its keeping qual- ity and making it susceptible to odors from the outside. The arrangement, illustrated in the accompanying cut, is therefore of prac- tical value to the poultryman who de- sires cleanliness. It consists. of a roller about an inch and a half in diameter, fastened to iron supports at each end by nails driven in the cen‘ ter so that the roller will revolve eas— ily. The irons are fastened to the side of the nest to keep the roller in place. The chickens do not roost on this be- cause they cannot keep their balance. Idaho. EDGIA TRAXLER. CHICKEN RAISERS’ DIFFICULTIES THIS YEAR. Farmers and professional chicken men in our locality have had more difficulty this wet summer than for any two or three previous years com- bined, on account of the rapidity with which storms descended upon us. It was impossible to get the chicks to safe places fast enough and even when it was supposed they were safe the water rose and flooded the coops. One of our neighbors lost 35 broilers in broad daylight one stormy day in spite of the hardest kind of hard work. A storm was apparently hanging in the north but the day with- us was bright and sunny. Suddenly it veered and came down upon us with a swoop. Every member of the family ran with might and main to gather up chicks and a fire was started to dry the chill- ed, trembling little things. My mother gathered up a dozen or two and dried them in baskets, but a large number got caught in the wet weeds and per- ished. Another neighbor lost twenty by having them swept away in the flood. But there were other troubles. The needs grew so rank and the ground was too soft to cut them, so the poor little creatures were easily lost from their mothers in the tangles. Of course, all the diseases. that are in— duced by dampness multiplied and ev- en the old hens suffered. The ground was simply filled with water and it was impossible for the few dry days to dry up. And the rats have been unusually troublesome. Perhaps they were driv- en from their haunts by the flood and perhaps they are so numerous as to be bold, but I have seen them in our back yard as bold and saucy as though no one were present. I have placed out bits of cheese and bacon covered with poison and they have eagerly rushed out almost before my fingers were off the pieces to get them. By various means we supposed we had reduced the rat. population in large numbers, but somehow the rats are about as numerous as ever. Ev- eryone knows that rats like young chickens, so a large number of prom.- ising young chicks have gone down their greedy throats this summer. But everyone is saying that maybe next year will be a better one and failure does not come always. Farm— ers are improving their flocks and selling the old roosters to produce in- fertile eggs. and breeding for larger eggs and cleaning up their premises in spite of all the present disasters. Nobody knows when it will clear off become dry, but people are confident that it will some day. And when that day comes the chicken business will get on its feet again with a rapidity that will amaze onlookers, for farmers know that hens are among the most profitable creatures the farm can produce. Ohio. HILDA RICHMOND. THINGS I HAVE LEARNED. Sifted coal-ashes is a good material for the dust-box. A little sulphur mix- ed with it will make it more effective in destroying lice. Lice are not par- ticularly troublesome during the cold months, but some of them live, and unless destroyed, will be right on the job in the spring. If given a dust- bath during the cold months, the hens will rid themselves of most of the pests. In picking ducks and geese the re moval of the down is very tedious. After all the good feathers are remov- ed I sprinkle pulverized rosin over the down. The carcass is then plunged in hot water. The water softens the rosin, which sticks the small feathers together. When so treated the down can be rolled off in balls. The bill and feet of old geese are red. In young geese they are yellow. Indiana. '1‘. Z. RICHEY. 21—301 FARMERS i. SHOOTING Provide just the fun the farmer needs. Be sociable. Invite the neighbors to a trapshoot in the meadow. Find out who is the best shot. Meet once a week in winter—once a month in summer, and soon all will be good shots. HAND TRAP throws clay targets 40 to 75 yards just like flying ducks or quail. Great practice for hunters. Fun for everybody. Let the women try. They ought to know how. The Hand Trap costs only $4. 00 at your dealers, or sent prepaid by us. Write for free Hand Trap Booklet No.3 473 also “The S ort Alluring” (men) and “Diana 0 the Traps” (women). DU PONT POWDER CO. Established 1802 Wilmington. Del. BIG FOUR SUCCESSFUL POULTRY JOURNAL the the Practical Poultry Paper for Practical Poultry Raisers. devoted to the poultry interests of Michigan, ., Ind. . and Wis. It should be your paper. Bright. 811 xppy and Alive. 1.0c 1 year 3 years $1. 00. Send 120 in stamps for three months trial. Pig 4 Succ essful Poultry Journal. 445% Plymouth 0110111112130. Ill. BFLUAIN Hares fine pedigree bucks 411111nths $2.50 each. utility l1u1' ks $1. 00 such fine healthy st. r11k No Does for s:1lo.Rose t'omb White Leghorn Coo keicls 51 00 S. S. Ilnm< burg (fockorels$l. Riverview Farm. R. 8, Vassar. Mich. POULTRY. —f n , . l ‘ Barred Rock Bockerels ,2§.-§§§‘1.3.‘§d£§“$1252 1‘” shows and breeders. W. C. Coifman. R. 6, Benton Harbor, Mich. BA 1mm ROCKS‘fit’Jf.“ 2338:5551: season. FRED ASTLING. Constantine. Michigan BIIIIIEII AND WHITE IIOCII COGKEIIELS L irge heavy boned birds. farm raised from great lay- ing strains. Prices 33111111 35.881111 stamp for reply. Hiverviow Poultr1 Farm Box 798, Union City. Mich. I0 811' GAIN SAL OI" BARREL) ROCKS. 200yem'ling hens that have laid 140 eggs en1l1 since Jan. lst. 19151.0 Aug. Isl: 1015 1111 average of 20 eggs per hen per month. Priccsfi hens $10. 12 hens SIS, 2‘0 hons $2.1 51) hens for $60 l‘hey are purchled.la1'ge and closely related to our first. winners at C hicngo, (‘inri 1111ti.1111l Indinn' 11111 1lis 51111113. Suitable mules to go with the 111 111. $2 to So 1. '1cl1 1.100 young birds growing G. EARL HOOVE R. R.7.Maitl1e“s. Indiana. IRD LA\VN BITFF ROCKS. '8. 0. Bull Leghorns and Blue Urpingtons. Chicago, Madison and Minneapolis winners. Show birds after November 1. a few Black ()rpington cockerels and pullets for sale At $1.50 to $4 each. Bird Lawn Farm. Lawrence. Mich. FEIIIIIS WHIIE lEIiHDIIIIS FOII E668 'l‘rapnested 15ye.1rs. (‘10 first prizes. 15 big shone. Large vigorous laying. breeding exhibition stock 81.501111. Shipped O I). I). or on approval. Satisfac- tion or money b-111k.36 page free catalog gives prices and p artio ul 1.1m W rite for it and save money FERIIIS LEGIIOIIII FARM. 934 Union, Grand Rapids. Illchlgan. lne (‘rcst WhileOrpingion winnings at the State Fair lst and 21111 1 ock lst and ‘ird (I 01 k1 rel 211(lan1l3rd Hen 2111i and 3rd Pullct 1st Rose comb hon—0 out ot12. Mrs. Willis Hough, Pine ( rest 1' arm ltoyal 011k Mich. Rose Comb grown leghorn Cockerels from 81kwinners $1.0093c.h CLAUIMHA B TTS, Hillsdnle. Michigan RHODE ISLAND REDS and PLYMOU TH ROCKS. M .iles 5 to 12 lbs. according to ngoSZR to 35'1’ It. hens weightf) to 9%ll1s.. eggslfi for $1. 00: RR . egg-13511911“) Mammoth Bronze ’l‘om ’l'urke111. 8 to 38 lbs. according to age 38 to $211.10 eggs S3. A. E. (‘.rnn1pton Vassar Mich R C. and S. C. RHODE ISLAND REDS from prize 0 strains. fine layers with long bodies and rich red JENNIE BUELL. Ann Arbor. Michlgun. SILVER laced Golden and White VVyandotio Eggs for hutch- 1ng. Ten cents 1111111 or 30 for 52.10.11 parcel post .IBROWN NG.P01'tI9m:Ip lVllchlgan. —500 for 1’1 $4.00 for 100. My two WhiIoVIyandoIIe Eggs best. pens $2.00 for 15. $3.75 for ' 30. DAVID RAY 202Forest Ave. Yps-lanti. Mich. White P. Rocks. Pekin and white runner ducks. White guine as eggs and day old ducks and chicks. HOSTETLER . St. Johns. Michigan. color. charges. C. and scientific la ing. One correspondent on an 80‘acre general farm writes that 75 hens worth 60 cents apiece paid a net yearly profit of $3.06 or hen—400%. ceding. C. E. Reed’ 5 liens conditioned on Red Comb Poultry Feed made a year’ 5 average of 214 eggs each—and won epecml international prize for cold weather Ask your dealer. ceding Poultry for Profit. " EDWARDS 31 moms 01.3446 II. EIIzaIJatII St..0l1lcazo Mfrs. of Famous Line of Red Horn Dairy Feeds - Comb Poultr Feed Result of proper care Write for Free Book, THE MICHIGAN FARMER 0011'. 2, 1915. Solid con- struction and good style give to Honorhilt Shoes their well earned reputa- tion for quality. F or comfort and wear they have no equal no mat- ter what you pay. All Styles ever secured in footwear. HON'ORBILT Materials are the choicest; work- manship is high grade. A trial will convince you that they are the best money’s worth you Ask your dealer. WARNING—Always look for the Mayer name and trade mark on the sole. If your dealer cannot supply you, write to us. We make Mayer Honorbilt Shoes in all styles for men, women, children;Dry-qu wet weather shoes; Honorbilt Cushion Shoes, Martha Washington Comfort Shoes. F. Mayer Boot 8: Shoe Co., Milwaukee BREEDERS’ lllllEC'l'ollY CATTLE. ABERDEEN ANGUS If you are in need of an extra good bull or a few choice young cows or heifers. we have them for Sale. Our herd is headed by the Grand Champion Black Monarch 3rd. We invite you to come to our Farm and see them. They are bred right and priced right. UL. Clark. Hunters Creek Mich. Sidney Smith. Mgr. ABERDEEN- ANGUS RD ESTABLISHED IN 109 TROJAN- ERICAS and BLA CKBIRDS onlv. Also breeders of Percheron. Hackney and Saddle Borses. Young bulls and Percheron stalllons for sale WOODCOTE STOCK FARM, Ionia. Mich. ‘YHSHIHEs—One of the foremost dairy breeds The most economical milk reducers. Calves for sale. White Leghorn cockere s; Durcc Jersey swine. Michigan School for the Deaf. Flint. Michigan. THE VILLAGE FARM, Grass Lake, Michigan, GUERNSEY CATTLE. MILO D. CAMPBELL CHAS. J. ANGEVINE BEACH FARM GUERNSEYS The buyer of breeding Htov k should know that the herd from \Vhi1h he buys is 1111 1alth). W11 b11 licve the 13811111 1“ Min Ho rd is 11H111-11rp111fe1thcnlth as is 1058- ible.'l‘111 tube-11111111 t1Ht docs not show the east sign of 11.1111 lion. We new 1‘ had .1. cat-111 of contagious Abortion. Have 1111.111; n. which \L‘iil‘ without callinga. Veterinary or giving 11, 1111111 of M11111 i1111. \VE ()lil‘ltli 1‘0“. SALE Registered Guernsey Bulls Very High Bred Grade Guernsey Cows Bred Heifers, Open Heifers and Heller Calves. CAMPBELL 8o ANGEVINE, Goldwater, Mich. For Sale—Reg Guernsey Uaiile gslgggsgggggf JOHN EB LS. R. 10. Holland Michigan. GU E R N S EY 33%E1.%1%§%%%3 Oon aniin blood of world champions. HICKS’ OUER SEY FARM. Saginaw. Mic,h UERNSEY BULLS FOR SALE. ready for service from A. R. Dams. if you want the right kind write for price and breeding. BYEIH 61. BARNES BROS}. (,‘oldvvntcr. Michig 1n EGISLIERED Young Guernsey BuliH, great gr; 1nd- R sons of Gov. Chene. Servi1ableafe nic1ly maiked, arm. Wayne Mi1..l1 exceptional breeding. Avondale l-itock F0" S‘LE A choice lot of Registered Guernsey cows. heifers and bullsof Mar Rose breed- 1113.11 WIGMAN. Lansing. Michigan. G U E R N 3 BY S’fifi‘i’émfir‘f‘ifi reasonable prices. E. D. JESSOP. Lansing Mich. Grandson of Imported GUERNSEY BULL FUN SALE Yam“, w,“ mm... and'ready for service. E11111 no Wilcox. ll 4, Hartford. Mich. F0“ :‘LE— Registered Guernsey Bullcolr BornMay 3r1l.,l91. 11mm a daughter 01' Clare Sequel. F. J. ZE RLANT, R No. ,Fremont, Mich. HEREFORDS; 3.73.333? 332‘. ”E.” fellows. ALLEN BROS” Paw Paw, Michigan Top Notch Holsteins! Young hulls that will add most desirable qualities to registered herds or transform grades into near full bloods in appearance and production, The hull is fifty per 1 1ent or over of the he r.d McPHERSON FARMS CO. Howell. Michigan. Do You Want A Bull? Ready For Service. From a grand daughter of The King of the Pontiacs. Sired by a bull that is more than a half brothler to the Champion Holstein Cow of the d. and whose dam is a 30 lb. 6% i fat daughter of Pontiac Aggie Kcrndyke who has more 30 lb. daughters than any other living bull. If you do write for pedigree. Mich. EDWIN S. LEWIS, Marshall, SHOES HONORS": Warranl'ed to give satisfaction. BOMBAULT’S CAUSTIC BALSAM A safe, speedy and positive cure for Curb, Splint, Sweeny, Capped Hock, Strained Tendons, Founder, Wind Puffs, and all lameness from Spavin, Ringbone and other bony tumors. Cures all skin diseases or Parasnes, Thrush, Diphtheria. gegpves all Bunclies from Horses or a e As a HUMAN REMEDY for Rheu- m: rilsm, Sp: uius, Sore Throat, etc, it is invaluable. Fvery bottle of (‘anstlc Balsam sold is Wan‘anted to give satisfaction. Price 81. 50 per bottle. Sold by druggists or sent by ex- press, chaiges paid with in“ directions for its use. Sen for descriptive ciicuiax's, testimo- 1111115, etc Address TEE LAWRENCE WILLIAIS COMPANY. Clovoland. Ohio. In use gyer M l NERA «N‘- \ H EAVE 32am .51, o COMPOUND 53b Package guaranteed/U to give satisfaction or money $1 i ‘scksge suficient for ordinary cases. sc.k IINERAI. HEAVE REIEDY C0. 463 Fourth Ave. Pittsburgh. Pa. Purebred Registered H O L S T E I N c A T T L E Spending $170, 000 for Holstein owners. In the twelve months preceding April 30. 1911' 1. ap- proximately $170 00) was expended by the Holst-em Friesian Association in administering the affairs of the organization. [he eilect of this expendi- ture and its attendantlabors is evidenced by a remarkable grouth of the Association in member- Gigi) and the almost universal popularity of the B-ack 11nd- Whites" in America. An owner of the purebred Holstein cattle benefits dlrectly and indirectly from every dollar disbursed in the ex- ploitation of purebred Registered Hoisteins. In— vestigate the big ‘Black- and- White e.s Semi for FREE Illustrated Descriptive Booklets The Holstein—Presisn Association of America F. L, Houghtou. Sec’y.. Box l64, Brsllieboro. VI. I don’t want to sell anything but HULSTEIN BULLS and I have some bull bargains. Don’t buy a bull until you know I have not got what you want. Come and see bulls. L. E. CONNELL, Fayette. Ohio. HATCH HERD YPSILANTI, MICHIGAN Registered Eolstein- Friesian sires. grandson' s of World’s greatest dairy sire out of choice A. O. dams and King Pontiac Jewel Kcrndyke: Brother of K. P. Pontiac Lass 44.15: average record of 50 dams in his pedigree 31 25 in 7 days: average per cent of fat three nearest dams 4 37; of his own dam Sires in first three generations already have over 600 A. daughters A few females bred to‘ King". reasonable. Prices JlllbllOP—ISt, Loeser Breeders’ Directory—Continued on page 803. LIVE STOCK AWARDS AT THE STATE FAIR. (Continued from last week). Horses.—Belgians. Stallion, 4 yrs. or over—lst, Prairie Farm, Alicia, Mich., on Sans peur de Hamal; 2nd, Loeser Bros, Ligonier, Ind., on Savoy; 3rd, C. E. Wilkerson, Detroit, Mich, on Indien de Thullies; 4th, Loeser Bros. Stallion, 3 yrs. old——lst, Lonzo Mc- Clain, Lima, Ohio, on Ruban; 2nd, McClain on Aiglon; 3rd, Loeser Bros. on Samuel; 4th, McClain on Buffon. Stallion, 2 yrs—lst, Loeser Bros. on Dore; 2nd, Loeser Bros. on Climax; 3rd, Loeser Bros. 011 Soehait, Jr. Stallion colt lst, Ackerman & Sons, Elkton, Mich, on Notkle. Stallion, 1 yin—«1st, E. C. Baker, Reese, Mich., on Prince De Essen; 2nd, Prairie Farm on King Albert. Mare, 4 yrs. 01‘ over—lst, McClain on Diana; 2nd, Prairie Farm on Jolie de Argentone; 3rd, Loeser Bros. on Dea Fosteau. Mare, 3 yrs.—1st, McClain on Lucie; 2nd, Loeser Bros. on Queen Victoria; 3gd, Prairie Farm on Minute de For- c 1es. Mare, 2 yrs.—lst, McClain on Ner- - on; 2nd, Ackerman & Sons on Big Bessie; 3rd, Prairie Farm 011 Anna. Mare, 1 y1‘.——1st, Ackerman & Sons. Mare colt~—1st, Baker on Silver Queen; 2nd, Prairie Farm on Marian- na Farceur; 3rd, Prairie Farm on Poree de belle Croix. Stallion and four of his get—1st, Ackerman & Sons on Georges; 2nd, Prairie Farm 011 Sans coeur de Hamal. Mare and two produce—lst, McClain on Diana; 2nd, Ackerman & Sons on Notkle. Five stallions, property of one ex- Bros. Three mares, property of one ex- hibitor—4M, Belgian Society Ribbon, Lonzo McClain; 211d, Prairie Farm. Champion stallion—cup and Belgian society n18dal-Pl"dll‘l€ Farm on Sans Coeur de Hamal. Reserve—McClain on Ruban. Champion mare—{tup and Belgian society medal—McClain on Ducie. Reserve—McClain on Diana. Standard Breds. Stallion, 4 yrs.-~1st, E. D. Case, De- troit, Mich, on Golden Regent; 2nd, F. F. Mitchell, Columbus. Ohio, on Em. inent Chief; 3rd, Geo. W. Slaughter, Birmingham, Mich, on Mokoson. Stallion, 3 yrs.——1st, Slaughter on Is Worthy McKinney; 211d, J. A. Bassett, Birmingham, Mic-11., on Spring Brook Barren. Stallion colt—lst, Slaughter on Me- koson, Jr.; 2nd, Slaughter 011 Patrick McKinney; 3rd, Slaughter on Moko- son Boy. Brood mare with colt—lst, Slaugh- ter on Lady Cassidy; 2nd,Slaughte1 011 Esther Cassidy; 3rd, Slang, hter 011 Princess Nutwood. Mare, 4 years. old—18f, Jas. Welch, Jr. Flint, Mich, on Maud H.; 2nd, Case; 3rd, Slaughter 0n Lady Cassi- dy; 4th, Slaughter on Esther Cassidy. Mare, 3 yrs. old—lst, Harry Mosier, Detroit, Mich., 011 Annie Burke; 2nd Slaughter 011 Ann Cecil. Mar ., 2 yrs.———1st, J. T. Weber, De~ troit, Mich, on Baroness Rowena. Hackneys. Stallion, 4 yrs. 01' over———1st, J. M. Cox, Washington, C. H.. Ohio, on Pock- lington Protector; 2d, Endicott Farm, Birmingham, Mich., 011 Evergreen; 3rd, Endicott Farm on Sam Weller. Stallion, 3 yrs—151;, Endicott Farm on Executor. Stallion, 2 yrs.~1st, Geo. Ackerman & Sons, Elkton, Mich, on Royal Scotch. Stallion, 1 y1‘.——lst, Endicott Farm on Starplex; 2nd, Ackerman & Sons 0n Scotland Forever. Stallion colt_lst, Geo. A. Heyl, Washington, 111., on Little Joe’s Won- der. Mare, 4 yrs. old or over—-1st, Endi- coi'tt Farm on Driftwood; 2nd, Endi- cott Farm on Carlam’s Coquette; 3rd, Heyl 0n Dinarth Gem. More, 3 yis.——1st,Heyl on Dinarth Magic; 2nd, Endicott Farm on Salvia; 3rd, Endicott Farm on Satelite. More, 2 yrs.—1St, Heyl on Tl‘illo Magic. l‘lare colt—lst, Mrs. Birmingham, Mich., Lassie. Stallion and four of his get—1st, Endicott Farm on Sharplow with Sam Weller, Sea Breeze, Salvia, Starplex. Marc and two produce—lst, Mrs. Grace Gordon on Dorothy of Bloom- field with Bloomfield Lassie and In- telligence; 2nd, Ackerman & Sons on Warwick Princess with Royal Scotch and Scotland Forever; 3rd, Endicott Farm on Robin Redbreast with Satel- lite and Sister Sue. Champion Stallion—Pocklington on Protector; reserve, Executor. Grace Gordon, on Bloomfield Champion mare—Driftwood; re- serve—Trillo Magic. Welsh Ponies. Stallion, 4 yrs.——1st, Heyl on Gwendv Duke. Stallion, 3 yrs.—1st, Heyl on Gwen- dy True Blue; 2nd, same on Gwendy Sparkle. Mare, 4 yrs. ~—lst, Pelletier Farms on Dyiiarth Sparkler; 2nd, Heyl on Foregate Polly. Mare, 3 yrs. .——1st, Heyl on Dynarth Fancy. Mare with two colts—let, Hey]. Cattle .—'Herefords. Bull, 3 yrs. 01‘ over—lst, Calhoon Bros., Bronson, Mich; 2nd, James V. Hill, Roundhead Ohio. Bill], 2 y1's.——lst, Hill; 2nd, Tony B. Fox, Pewamo, Mich Biill,seni01 yearling—lst, Fox. Bull, senior calf—1st and 4th, Hill; 2nd Calhoon Bros; 3rd, Fox. Bull, junior calf—1st, Hill; 2nd, Cal- hoon B10s.;3rd,Fox. ‘i‘ow, 3 yrs 01 over—lst and 4th, gill; 2nd and 31d, Calhoon Bros.; 5th, «ox. Heifei, 2 yl's—lst and 2nd, Calhoou Bros: 31d, Hill; 4th, Fox. Heifex, senior yearling—lst, Hill; 2,1111 Calhoon Bros.; 3rd, Fox. Heifer, juniox yearling—151;, Hill; 2nd,Ca1hoon Bros; 3rd, Heifei, senior calf—181;,o x2nd and 4111. Hill; 3rd, Calhoon Bros. P Heifer, junior calf—~1st, Hill; 2nd, ox. Exhibitor’s her—d lst, Hill; 2nd, Cal- hoon BlOS.; 3rd, Fox. Biceders herd—lst, Hill, Calf held— 1st, Hill; hour get of sire—lst,Ca1hoon Brosc 2nd, Hill, 3rd, Fox. '1110 pioduce of cow—1st, Calhoon 2nd, Fox. 2nd, Fox. Bl‘OS.’ , 2nd, Hill; 3rd, Fox. Senior champion bull—Calhoon Bros; reserve, Hill. Junior champion bull~Hill; reserve some. Scnim champion female—Hill; sch'11,Calhoon 1310.5 lunior champion female—Hill. Maud champion bull—cup—Calhoon Bios. 19ser1e, Hill. Giand champion female—cup—Hill. Herdsman Special. re- lst, W n1. Aikman, Smith Creek, Mich; 2nd, Morris A. Wattles, Troy, Mich; 31d,Elme1 Belson, Pontiac, Mich; 4th, Fied Glade, Clarkston, L 10 l. Holstein Friesians. 3,1111 3 us. or over—lst, F. E. Eagel 11‘; Sons, Howell, Mich. Bull 2 y1s.—1—lst, Hillcrest Farm, Kalamazoo, Mich Bull, yearling—~ lsi Eager & Sons. Bull, senior calf—lst and 2nd, Eager Ct Sons; 31d, John A. Rinks, Warren, Mich. Bull, junior calf—1st, Rinke; 2nd, Eager & Sons. (70w, 4 yrs. 01' over—lst, Eager & Sons. Cow, 3 yrs—lst, Rinke; 2nd, Eager & Sons. Heifer, 2 yrs—1st, Eager & Sons: 211d, Rinke. Heifer, yearling—lst, 3rd and 4th— Rinke; 2nd and 5th, Eager & Sons. Heifer, senior calf—Jet, Eager & Sous; 2nd, Rinke. Heifer, junior calf—1st and 2nd, Eager & Sons; 3rd and 4th, Rinke. .‘Ixhibitors’ herd—let, Eager & Sons. Bl'eeders’ herd—lst, Eager & Sons; 2nd, Rinke. Calf herd—lst, Eager & Sons; 2nd, Rinks. Four get of sire, 3 females—1st, Eager & Sons; 2nd, Rinke. Two produce of cow—1st, Rinke; 2nd, Eager & Sons. Senior champion bull—Eager & Sons. Junior champion bull—Eager & Sous. Senior champion female—Eager & Sons. Junior champion female—Rinks. ”wand champion bull—Eager & Sons. Grand champion female—Rinke. Jerseys. Bull, 3 yrs. 01‘ over—1st, H. B. Wat— tles & Son, Troy, Mich. Bull, 2 yrs.——1st, Wattles & Son. Detroit-Mich; 2nd, Wattles & Son. Bull, senior calf—151: and 3rd, Wat- tles & Son; 2nd, George. Bull, junior calf—1st, George; 2nd and 31d, Wattles & Son. Cow, 4 yrs or over——lst, 3rd and 4th. 2nd and 5th, Wattles & Son. Cow, 3 yrs.—-lst and 3rd, Wattle-s & Son; 2nd and 4th, George. Heifer, 2 yrs.~1st and 3rd, George; 2nd and 4th, Wattles & Son. Heifer, yearling—181‘. and 3rd, George; 2nd, Helen M. Wattles, Troy, Mich; 4th and 5th, Wattles & Son. Heifer, senior calf—lst and 2nd, George; 3rd and 4th, Wattles & Son. George; Heifer, junior calf—1st and 2nd, Wattles & Son; 3rd, George. Exhibitors’ herd——1st, George; 2nd, VVatiles & Son. Breeders herd—181;, George; 2nd, Wattles & Son. ‘ Calf herd—let, George; 2nd, Wat- tles & Son. Four get of sire—let, Wattles & Son; 2nd, George. Two produce of cow—let, George; 2nd, Wattles & Son. 4M s OCT. 2, 1915. TH‘E MICHIGAN FARMER Grand champion bull—Wattles & Son. Grand champion female—George. Guernsey. All first and championship awards in this class went to John Ebels, Hol- land, Mich., the only exhibitor. , Ayrshires. All awards in this class were made to Findlay Bros, Vassar, Mich., the only exhibitors. Sheep.—-—Shropshires. Barn, 2 yrs. or over—1st, E. E. Le- land & Son, Ann Arbor, Mich.; 2nd and 5th, 'I-Ierbert E. Powell, Ionia, Mich.; 3rd and 4th, Kope Kon Farm, Kinderhook, Mich. Ewe, 2 yrs. or over—lst and 2nd, Kope Kon Farm; 3rd and 4th, Powell. Ram, 1 yr.—1st and 3rd, Kope Kon Farm; 2nd and 5th, Leland & Son. Ram, lamb—1st, '2nd, 4th and 5th, Leland & Son; 3rd, Kope Kon Farm. Ewe, 1 yr.——1st, 2nd and 5th, Leland & Son; 3rd, Powell; 4th, Kope Kon Farm. Ewe, lamb—let and 3rd, Leland & Son; 2nd and 4th, Kope Kon Farm; 5th, Powell. Flock—let, Leland & Son; 2nd, Kope Kon Farm; 3rd, Powell. Breeders’ young fiock—lst, Leland & Son; 2nd, Kope Kon Farm; 3rd, Powell. Lamb flock—lst, Leland & Son; 2d, Kope Kon Farm; 3rd, Powell. Three ram, yearling—1st, Kope Kon Farm; 2d, Leland & Son; 3rd, Powell. Get of sire—let, Leland & Son; 2nd, Kope Kon Farm; 3rd, Powell. Grand champion ram—Leland u. Son; reserve, Kope Kon Farm. Grand champion ewe—Leland & Son; reserve, same. Delaine Merinos. Ram, 2 yrs. or over-lst and 3rd, W. M. Staley, Marysville, Ohio; 2nd, John J. Liles, Collins, Ohio; 4th, E. M. Moore, Wixom, Mich.; 5th, Calhoon Bros, Bronson, Mich. Ham, 1 yr.—1st and 2nd, Staley; 3rd, Moore; 4th, Liles; 5th, Carl Maeckel, Munith, Mich. Ram, lamb—1st and 4th, Staley; 2nd, Liles; 3rd, Maeckel; 5th, Cal- houn Bros. ’ Ewe, 2 yrs. or over—lst and 2nd, Staley; 3rd, Liles; 4th, Moore; 5th, Calhoun Bros. Ewe, 1 yr.—lst and 4th, Staley; 2nd and 5th, Calhoun Bros.; 3rd, Liles. Ewe, lamb—1st and 5th, Liles; 2nd and 3rd, Staley; 4th, Maeckel. Flock—1st, Staley; 2nd, Liles; 3rd, Calhoun Bros.; 4th, Moore; 5th, Maeckel. Breeders’ young fiock——1st, Staley; 2nd, Liles; 3rd, Calhoun Bros.; 4th, Moore; 5th, Maeckel. Lamb flock—1st, Staley; 2nd, Cal- houn Bros.; 3rd, Maeckel; 4th, Moore. Get of sire—1st, Staley; 2nd, Liles; f’rd, Maeckel; 4th, Calhoun Bros.; 5th, Moore. American Merinos. Ram, 2 yrs. or over—lst, Staley; 2m and 4th, Calhoun Bros.; 3rd and 5:21, Moore. liam, 1 yr.—1st, Staley; 2nd and 3rd, Moore; 4th and 5th, Liles. Ram, lamb——1st, 2d and 4th, Staley; 3rd, Moore; 5th, Maeckel. Ewe, 2 yrs. or over—lst, 2nd and 4th, Staley; 3rd and 5th, Moore. Ewe, 1 yr.—1st,_ 2nd and 4th, Staley; , 3rd, Moore; 5th, Liles. Ewe, lamb~1st and 2nd, Staley; irrli, Moore; 4th, Calhoun Bros.; 5th, 11 es. Flock—1st, Staley; 2nd, Moore; 3rd, Calhoun Bros.; 4th, Liles; 5th, Maeckel. Breeders’ young flockwlst, Staley; 2nd, Moore; 3rd, Calhoun Bros.; 4th, Liles; 5th, Maeckel. Lamb, floc‘k—lst, Staley; 2nd, Cal- houn Bros.; 3rd, Moore; 4th, Maeckel. Get of sire—1st, Staley; 2nd, Moore; 3rd, Calhoun Bros.; 4th, Maeckel; 5th, Liles. Grand champion ram and ewe—— Staley. _ Fat Sheep. Middle wool wether over 2 yrs.—lst and 2nd, Wm. Newton, Pontiac, Mich. Middle wool wether, 1 yr. and under 2——1st, Herb’t E. Powell, Ionia, Mich.; 2nd, Newton. Middle wool wether, under 1 yr.— 1st, Powell; 2nd, Newton. Champion middle wool wether— Newton. Long wool wether, over 2 yrs.—lst, Newton. Long wool wether, 1 yr. and under 2—1st, Newton. Champion long wool wether—lst, Newton. Merino wether, over 2 yrs.——1st, Carl Maeckel; 2nd, Newton. Merino wether, 1 yr. and under 2— lst, Maeckel; 2nd, Moore. Merino wether, under 1 yr.——1st, Moore. Champion merino wether—Maeckel. Grand champion wether of show, op- en to first prize winners—Newton. Rambouillets. Ram, 2 yrs. or over—1st, 4th and 5th, E. M. Moore, Wixom, Mich.; 2nd and 3rd, A. A. Wood & Son, Saline, Mich. (Continued on .page 299). Del. 21 GM“ 33'“ Del. 21 Sales Pavillion, Howell, liioh. 100 choice registered Holstein young Cows with records from 19 to 24 lbs. Daughters of A. It. D. cows in calf to some of the best 30 1b. bulls in the State. Heifer calves and yearlings with A. R. O. dams and sires. a few bulls. last Sale of “”5 at Howell Oct. 21. 10:30 a. m. ' Three Auctioneers. Perry, Ellis, Mack. Catalogs Oct. 10. The Howell Sales Company of Livingston County. F. G. Johnston, Columbus, 0., Ped. Expert A. R. Eastman, Sec.. Howell, Mich. The Two Greatest Bulls KING OF TIIE PONTIACS DE K01. 211’s BUTTER BOY 3rd I have young bulls from cows having high official rerordsund Granddaughtcrs of above bulls. Stock extra good. Przccs rcaeonnb BIGELDW S [IDLISBTEIN FARMS, BREEDSVILLE. MICH. Espanore Farm, LANSING. MICHIGAN. Offers for sale, registered Holstein Cows bred to the great bull l’ledge Spaiiorrl Calamity l’aul. If you need a bull, write for prices and pedigrees of our bull calves. CHASE S. OSBORN, ADAM E. FERGUSON. 20 Registered H. F. Bulls FOR SALE Tested dams 30 lb. sires. Sept. price $50 to $100, according to breeding. Age 1 to 24 mo. Write what you need. A. R. EASTMAN, HOWELL, MIGH. REGISTERED Holsteins—Hord headed by Album Bouts Butter Boy. His dam lms A.R.0. records as follows: nt 2 yrs. milk 430, but er 18.85; 4 yrs. milk 004.8. butter 27.03; iii. (‘1 yrs. milk 020, butter 28.5.“: lbs. W. B. HEADER, Howell, Mich. High Class HOLSTEINS £35.: is headed by SnIithdnlo Alcartru Pontiac, whose dam is the famous Alcartra Polkadot. Have few young bulls and females for sale at reasonable prices. Will buy a few heifers about 15 months. not bred. Farm 16 mile from court house. SETH B. HUBERT. Howell. Mich, ' Registered Holstein n Error In My Ad Lasi Week. heifer 5......u....m. Very nice in every way. 00, delivered free. safe arrival guaranteed. Write for )odigrce an d photo. Hobart W. Fay. MammMic . ' 6 mo. old. 30 1b. sire and from a HOISIGIII Bu" ca" promising2 yr. old dam $60 with all papers Elmer E. Smith. Redford. Mich. FOR SALE Registered Holstein Bulls ready for service. and bull calves. also females. QEEMAN J. FISHBECI}. Howell. Michigan. Holstein-Frleslan Breeder‘fié‘: “beg; £232.; represented. D. D. AITKEN. Flint. Michigan. Re . Holstein Friesian Bull Calves rom heavy producing dams. Bargain prices DEWEY C. PIERSON. Hadley, Michigan. OHIy $30.00 Delivered. Handsome Hol- stien bull calf. % white. six wks. old. thoroughbred, but not eligible to registry. ROUGEMONT FARMS. Detroit. Mich. HOLSTEINS AND GUERNSEYS Our Holsteins combine the blood of Belle Korndye and DeKol 2nd. Our Guernseys are strong in Lady Gempsey. Glenwood Boy of Haddon. and Stranford's Glenwood of Pinehurst blood. Some fine bull calves of both breeds for sale. Boardman Farm. Jackson. Mich. REGISTERED IIDLSIEIII BULI. ”he“ J” 2' J9“- Send for description. W. C. TAgngaae. [II/I’llgilt Mfg}: OLSTEIN CATTLE and Duroo Jersey Swine. Choice pigs of both sex now ready t \ shi . Prices reasonable. E. R. CORNELL, Powell. Michigan. I I _ ‘ Registered Rolsiom F 235,1.éfl53fll‘i‘7g 91°53? ‘°’ B. B. REAVEY. Akron. Michigan. i Owners. We will take your note for one year at 5%- t en why not buy a Holstein Bull at once, and get pick of [2 from best Breeding in Michigan. Send for prices and pedigrees. LONG BEACH FARM, AUGUSTA. MICE. attic... Guernsey &. Holstein 8% From two months to two years old. Most of them from A.R. O.cows. All to be sold {at farmers prices. Call orlwrite. SWEET ORCHARJ FARMS. Birming- ham. Mich.E. E. Sweet, Proprietor. Will Sell or Exchange Our registered Guernsey Bull La Tertre oi'Maple Lane, 23192 A. G. C. (7., (our years or age Sept. 30th.Wiil ex— change Pedigrees A. G. C. C. Sir imported Raymond oi Tertre, 2430 P. R. Dam, Lady Whiteioot 31519. THE JENNING‘S FARMS. R. ED. 1, Bailey, Mich.‘ F0 R SALE 35 a... Grade Guernsey Cows and Heifers due to freshen this fall and winter. Prices rea- sonable. The Jenning's Farms. R. F. D. l. Bailey, Mich. aple Lane Register-of Merit Jerse He d. T b - M culin tested by U. 8, Government: Flor salenbiilrl calves and heifer calves from R of M grand dams. and cod Farm Sire. IRVIN FOX. Allegan. Michigan. L‘ST ”UR-L Sold to Mr. A. Fleming of Weld- , man. Just one bull left. age 10 mo. He 3 a bargain at $200. breeding conformation considered. Brother to fame l ' . old Holstein. M. L. McLuuiEntvofietdgoxrgl?ohrIli§l§ yr HE WILDWOOD Jersey Herd. Re 'stored Jerse Cattle of Quality. Herd headed by Majesty's Won}: der 90717. one of the best sons of Royal Majesty. The . dams and - daughters of Mnjesty's'Wondcr are mated to a son of Majesty's Oxford King. Herd tuberculin tested. We have for sale a few choice .Vounx bulls for full service from high producing cows. Alvin Bnlden. Cannc. Mich. Lillie Farmstead Joru Cattle. Bull calves from R. of M we, also be for naive:‘ and several bred heifers for sale. Colon C. Lillie. Coopersville. Mlch' Jerseys. Bulls road for service. extra uality sired m .incobu's Fairy Emmon. No. from blah producing dams. SMITH & PARKER. Howell.Mion. FOR SALE—H‘¢h°lanemysurr- Calves from he ister of Merit ancestry. WATERMAN & WA’ EB— MAN. Meadowland Farm. Ann Arbor, Mich. F s I -—High Class Jersey Bull as good as the best or a 3 Yearling. From high producing dam. Price right if taken at once. J. F. Townsend, Ionia, Mich. from high-producing dams.with Jcrse’ Bulls IDI sale testi Asso. records. also on semi-oflicial test. 0. B. We ner, B. 6. Allegan. Mich HILLSIDE Farm Jerseys. yearling bulls. solid ooror,half.brothers to ex-world's-record senior 2yr old and from B. of. M.Vdams. with records tram 400 lbs. to 810 lbs. 0. and U. DEAKE. Ypsilanti. Michigan. F s I —Tested Registered Jersey Sire, fine breed- or a e inf. Several heifers running over 4001b8. to his credit. ood natured, tractable. price reasonable. Chas. B. Cook Farm, Owosso, Mich. . o. . Milking Shorthorns 3.132.323.3327 DAVIDSON & HALL. Tecumseh. Michigan. Shorihorn Callie 01 both Sex for Sale W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan. 7 smwsu. SHORTHORNS For “Beef and Milk" Registered Bulls, Cows ' and heifers, Scotch- topped roams. and reds for sale. Farm at N. V. Central. De ot. also D. T. dz I. 'y. BIDWELI. STOCK FARM Box 13. Tecumseh, Mich. Albion Sta m p 3.32070 8 'o n b He also female. form ShOIIhorns For sale MIm‘iliege'iiit of Davis crossing on A. A. R. R. W. B. McOU'I.LAN. Howdl, Mich. —I) ‘ b fl ed. Breedi stock all SIIDIIIIOIIIS niry or on )r ng ages for sale at farmers prices. C. W. Crnm, Secv. (lint. Mich. qhorthorn Ilrccders‘ Assn. McBride. MH'II. ' of l est Bates Strains. Young Dairy Bred SIIGIIIIOI'IIS bulls 7 months old for sale. Price $100 each. J. B. HUMMEL. Mason, Mich. H008. —(irnnd bunch of Gilts Durocs 8r. Viciorias mam .,..._ Com rising the blood of Superba. Defender. Much 001., ( ricns and others. few young boars. M. '1‘. STORY Lowell. Mich. flOR SALE~Berkshire hogs. both sexes and different ages. Bred uilts for fall forrowing. Poll Angus Bull Golf. not re:- istered. I’riee right. (flinse's Stock Form. R. l. Mariette. Mich. ‘ 'l‘wo fall gilte bred for Aug. & Se t. BBI‘RSIIII‘CS- furrowing and a choice lot oi? Ap¥il gilts for Halo A. A. I’A'I‘TIILIU. Dockorville. Mich. ' —B ' . ' Royalion Bred Berkshires r..‘l“¥.rpii‘31§“?fiy12t‘iv33i3 weeks ago with registry plopers. Write for pedigree and prices. D. F.VALEN'1‘I E. Supt. Temperance. Mich. —A few choice Dunno JERSEY spring ”OAKS ready to ship. Carey U. Edmonds. llnstings, Mich; BERKSHIRES gals spree. Z°.’i€i..“i9..$é§2 stock. ELMHURS STOCK FARM. Almont. Mich ~March pigs either sex, also am book- Duroc Jersey ing orders for fall pigs for Nov. ship- mentJnspection invited. E. l). Iloy“lenbt-rkJVaylanrl,Mich. HAMPSHIRE Swine—Breedinastock of all ages from most popular strains. 'rite for breedin . Inspection invited. Flovd Myers. R 9, Decatur. In WEST WINDS HAMPSHIRE SWINE. Booking orders for sow pigs immediate shipment. No males to offer 1-), 1‘. Ilmnmrmrl. own -r. N. A. Wiser. manager. Pontiac, Mich OULD like to hear from those desiring to start a herd of thoroughbred Chesters. Prices a'trac- tive. F. W. ALEXANDER, Vassar. Michigan. Big Type, 0.1.8’3 and chesier While Swine. 400 fall igs either sex. peoinl prices for the next 30 days. a so bred gilts and service males and we are booking orders for spring pig , all our stock is good enough that I will ship 0. O . and reg. free in the 0. I. C. or Chester White Asso. We “on, more prizes than all other breeders éput together, at 111.. and Win. State Fairs. Write or Show record. ROLLING VIEW STOCK FARM Cass City, - Michigan. —Are you on th 0. lo Co SWINE market for 2 choice bred new to furrow the last of Aug. or fore part of Sept.? If you are. write me I have them. A. J. GORDEN. a No. 2 Don, ‘Michigan. h ' ' . . a. '. c. 0 once Gilts bred for Sept farrow Serviouble boars. Spring pigs notakin. ALVIN V. HATT. Grass Lake, Michigan 0. I. C. GILT BRED SPRING PIGS ready to ship. H. J. FERLEY. Holt. bfichizan. I —Bred sows. bred gilts, 3 ring i 0. .I c s bothsex. Service Burrs. rice 12):? A. R. GRAHAM. Flint. Michigan. REGISTERED 0. I. C. BOARS 8 GILTS High class fall pigs at reasonable prices. . CARL JEWETT, Mason, Mich. O I SPRING BOARS of good type and . o - Red Pollei bul calves. John Harper and Son. Grand Ledge. Mich. o | c SERVICEABLE BOARS. Priced to I I I sell, and recorded in buyer‘s name. H. W. MANN. Danovlllo. Michigan. 7 O. I. C. s STRICTLY B I G I YPE. March April and May pigs Six-ed by Lenghty Prince, White Monarch and Frost 14 Choice,all big type hours and sows weighing from 500 to 71X) lbs. with unlity second to none. Can furnish in pairs not akin. ’rices reasonable. Newman's Stock Farm, Mariette. Mich. R. 1. n l 0! two yearling boars ands lot ofiast Spring pigs - - S not akin. Also a lot of this fall pigs 1113310 each at 8 to 10 weeks old. Good stock. 32‘ mile west of depot. Otto B.Schulze, Nashville, Mich. Citizens phone 124. The h i’ ' Way Brothers Stock Farm. boneo?1'f‘8.ri‘..§‘£..t’.‘t for sale. Registered free. J. R. Way, Pompeii. Mich. FGR SAIDGEEK.Riiieflfimii‘1uR§‘°"p§‘.‘ééi“.i 51:51: JOHN McNICOLL. Station A. R 4, Bay City. Mich. Brookwater Farm This herd won fourteen first prizes, besides sev- eral lesser ones. also Grand Champion Boar and Grand Champion Sow at Michigan State Fair. Every entry was bred at Brook— water with three exceptions and they were far- rowed there. The Gran Champion Boar Hoosier H for sale also a choice lot of spring pigs and yearling boars. If you wish something considerably better. write or visit— IROOKWATER FARM. R. 7.. Ann Arbor. Mich. Cagltol Ferd Duroo .Tersov Swine. Established 1888 pring pigs for sale. satisfaction guaranteed. Ex- press prepaid. J. H. Banghnrt. East Lansing, Mich. UROC JERSEYS—Spring pits either sex Gilt: bred for Sept. furrow to A son of Volunteer Grand (‘hsmpion at Interne'l Stock Show Chicago. F. .1. Drodt, R. 1, Monroe, Mich. 30W WEIGEED 952 L85. A 23 MONTHS 0 D ‘ roars {GIRL I have started more breeders on the road to suc- cess thananiman living. I have the] srgest and tin- est herd in t e U. 8. Every one an early developer, ready forthe market at six months old. I want to h] ace one hog in each community to advertise my 11 erd. Write for my plan.“How to Make Money from age." 0. S. BENJAMIN. min. I 0 Portland. Mich. —March ‘i 3 either sex. sired by a son nuroc Jersey of Volun‘taegr Champion of BState Fairs and Chicago Show in 1912. E. [1. Morris. Monroe. Mich. of the best of breeding. April farrow either Burocs sex or pairs for next 30 days $20 each. Two fall boars. Oct. far-row $.‘lileach. Also Holstein bull one your Cat. 6. H. G. KEESLER. Cassopolis, Mich. DUROC JERSEYS—$32.35;? either sex. from choice strains. 8. C. STAHLMAN. CHERRY LAWN FARM Shepherd. Michigan, nunoc JERSEY 80‘": a choice lot of spring boars. Fall pigs, pairs and tries not akin. W. C. TAYLOR, Milan. MichiginJ IG TYPE P. C. Eiiher sex. pairs or tries not akin. Bred sows and gilts Have several 1000 lb. boar pro- spects. Absolutely no larrer breeding. Everything guaranteed right. FRANK KHUGER. Havenna.Mich. POLAND CHINAS .2fia5‘ifi.§é§..fii?°sow§§?£ for spring farrow. A. A Wood & Son. Saline. Mich. ‘ ‘ ll (lM LARGE IIPE P. 0.13333 i’érr’éuigf’ l33.13815 §§w sd’é lnFebruary. W. J. HAGELSBAW, Augusta. Mich. ' ' Fall gilts bred weigh~ Big Boned Poland Dhrnas. ,ng m... 260 .0 300 1.... ROBERT MARTIN. R. F. D. No. 7. Hastings. Mich. two extra good Summer Yearling . Large SII'IIII P- 0' Boers: a few chorce sows bred for Aug. a Sept. furrow . Spring pigs that are beauties. sired by Big Defender, the boar that everybody goes wild over. Coins and see him. H. U. SVVAIi'I'Z. Schoolcraft. Mich. IG TYPE POLAND CllINAS. Some choice boars now ready to shi . Satisfaction guaranteed. G. W, Will/VON. R. gin 11. Kalamazoo. Michigan. Spring Pigs at Half Price: gfgfiafgg; strain of Poland Chinus on earth. none bigger. If you ever expect to own a registered Poland China, this is your opportunity. Get busy and order at once. Pairs and tries not akin $15 each. A few bred sows at 3‘25. J. (l. BUTLER. Portland. Mir-h. Bell Phone. ARCE Type P. C. Ilerd Boar Hoosier Giant 2nd 238011, Pig- sired by him. One Big Smooth anbo Boar. Bred sows, prices right. MRS. J. E. BRAI'IH AITE. Brant, Mich. ' of Merit. For Sale Poland Chmas a... Ayreshiro Bull. B. M. WING & HUN. Sheridan. Mich. IG typo Poland Chinas with quality bred right. feed right, and price-i right to no to their new homes and do right. A. D. GREGORY. Ionia. Mich. POLAND CHINA Spring Pigs from heavy boned prolificstock. Also, Oxford Sheep, both sex at bargain prices. ROBERT NEVE. Pierson. Michigan. REGISTERED YDRKSHIRES Imported Strain. Both sexes. Prices Reasonable. Hatch Herd, Ypsilanti, Michigan. 50 Y0KKSR1RES’5L’.2§S“‘1.5355?E2233.‘ii?“3' Rocks. I. n. Ducks. i«:. >. CARR. Homer. Mich: ' Gilts bred for Large Yorkshires s.-,..,.,..,. and October far-row. Bervicuble boars. Pigs alla es. Prices reasonable. W. C. Cook, Itoute ~12. Ada. lichigan. MUIBIOOI Hog::—“'eanilng pigs. pairs not akin. Brod sows and gilts for full fnrrcw, two service boars. C. F. BACON. R. 3. Britten. Mich. MULE FDDI HDGS REGISTERED 335%? ”£53 ‘32:." right. LONG BEACH FARM. Augusta. Mich. HORSES FOR SALE—Registered Percheron Stallion Marco and Fillies at reasonable rices. In- L. KING & SON. Char otte.Mloh. spectioninvited. F. "Beg. Shetland Ponies. moat], Pigeon Pony Fag? amoral spotted stallion and gum. stock for sale. , T. Morrison. Pigeon. ich. Registered Percherons Brood mares. Fillies and Young Stallions. Priced to sell. Ins ection invited. L. C. HUNT s: 00.. nton Rapids. Michigan. Percherons, Rolslerns, Angus, Shropshires, Durocs DORR D. BUELL. Elmira. Michigan. WA NT E D : 382i?” i.t§9.3§.“"“§i.i{i‘r"£ Taxicab & Transfer 00., 42 Randolph St. Detroit. SHEEP. Black Top Delaine Sheep. EZZilififeiafiicimé‘fil? Fred E. Reichert. Elm Ridge Farm. Ann Arbor, Mich. G d Y I. F. OXIDI'II Down SIIGGP- anod) ewegabfuzlgl 38311303252111: M. F. GANSSLEY= Lennon. Michigan. SHROPESHIRE RAMS Good big follows with quality. Special prices on them this month. See our exhibit at Columbus and Detroit‘ KOPE KON FARM. Klndtrhook. Michigan. FOR SALE SHRDPSRIRE RAM 3332???? 5122?: toes. M. A. BRAY, Okemos, :lngham Co.. Mich Shropshires Ewes and Ram lambs for Sale. DAN BOOHER. Marion. Michigan. Big Robust Wool-Mullen Shropshire Rams Priced right and satisfaction guaranteed or money buc Write todny for Special Price List 24. A. H. FOSTER, Alleznn. Mlchlgan. Shropshire 'i year-old stock ram, 2-year-old yearlings G. P. hnd lamb rams. VVool-mutton type. ANDREWS. Dancville. Mlchlfian. SHROPSHKRES Am offering 4 yearling rams. 8 ' ram lambs and 6 young ewes at reasonable prices.C. J. Thompson. Rockford.Mich. FOR SALE Registered American Delaine ShePs. both sex Poll rams. large tvpe B. d . F. H. CONLEY & SON, Maple Rapids. Mich. F0" :‘lE Registered yearlin shropeshire Rams. with both size an nalityy Also e- gistered Poland Chino pigs of bot sexes. ELME‘R E. BOWERB. B. No.2. MANCHEQTER. MICH. ' and RAM LAMBS. Registered, :IIWPSIII" Rams large and well wooled. Write your wants. A. E. BACON & SON. Sheridan. Mich. ' ' —-Large. choicely bred, long MG'IIIDS and IIGIGIIIGS staple. oily. heavy shearers. Delivered, priced to sell. S. H. Sanders, Ashtabula, Ohio. 1% inches in diameter and turned down tg tilt 1%; lholssinb‘s'uw. , Bal- w so we s l Wei ht, complete with extension table 800 cpounds. Big bargain at $103.95 (with table. but no saw). This unusual snap is but a. specimen of the many like values secured in a recent big deal. Many other time. labor. and money saving devices at savings that will positively surprise you. Order ‘ yours" today or write for complete Bargain Price List. Semi for It today! Order by Lot. No. ”490. Price, Bargain Closet Outiit S9. 98 Elegant low tank closet outfit of gugrauttiedl TA: , gm 8 ma. l‘l Inc a Gle latcd trim oden oak wailing”. clot No. 5-T-902. Other like savings In {‘5' Freel’lumbing Book. and Mail Order Honses. For these We head this page: ‘WANTED— SAVE HALF 0" RUCS $439 fiTank Heater 1.000 000 MORE FARMERS TO BUY NOTHING BUT BARGAINS!" lislnkln on t ’lro tail: heater." Ne‘ed's n3 Listen! Get this straight: Everything we sell is ”d” m h° 't d°w“' a guaranteed bargain or money- -back. We buy nothing in, the regular in cemen nt,wo oyran way. We seek only high class. desirable new goods. offered at Forced kiinmd' of do?“ hogging Sales. Bankrupt. Stocks. Sheriff 3’ and Receivers' Sales. Auctions. Expo- 24-..... mo... “mafia... sitions, Manufacturers Outlet Sales etc, etc. Our $10,000,000 buying dairtrfiplgri. ny ruel. power gives us the first pick and choice of the cream of the country's l n. K. LotNo.T-38 won 'tmet, strongly a. ma Special Low Bargain Price per oIt. - . 9 I he New Million . C‘P-th- Fahd" slzt‘isfs‘l‘oz hardwood. extra well braced and are known to an army of wise buyers, whose favor we earned Nails “35'3" LotNo 'r-iso1. Keep the boys on tho I l f t 3c 112ft! c qll ,per 00 - ' . . er “m Conifers m A multitude oi Farm Folks have iound proiit bolted: arranged for long poles or by the money we saved them. These are our regular cus- de rd wlro nails - 1 O O O O O O M 0 l‘ e an e , . Cap. si- ZBbls. i 1“ _ . , Goodlron plpeinrandosrlllongths arml Do away with the drudgery [W I! of wood sawing with one of these ’ ' at rti - s d ‘ ateifi’cg. on ”on“ ””Wific'mom an igquhwenm and satisfaction in dealing direct with us on our famous regular °°rdW°°d- 8“" ““"d Ud- lusts for saws 20 to 30 inches in 8““ tomers—old farm friends, who are firmly bound to us by many gfickliigggmilgodlbéakfis, years' experience of our fair treatment, truthful advertising wm,o,s,o,ag, Tank, 'f'f" I...” and "”3? . Y Combination Wood Saw .810215 Made i=0 unto galvanized steel: . W111 0U Be one Of . I “NO-5.518202 complete with con llnns bio for ”I I , up-to-dato outfits. Frame of heavy l . Mixed Wire P-R-IeC-E W—R-E-C-K—I-N-G Plan. From coast to coast we diameter Mandrel 4 it 1 in long, at Pme c, and reliable goods. They need no reminder of the benefits we offer; THEY KNOW! But there are still many who remain in the old money wasting rut—men who have yet to learn the enormous ad- vantages dealing direct with our mammot oth 40- -acre plant oflers over Stores keg I .38. Order y lot No. "5 ' i 1° .‘31' 'iii‘éu'l‘l‘.’ new w re n e . drderb E»: No. Me. Heating Plants Prloed Low You can easily Inlgngtall your own flesh with the assistance of our Finest rugsgrtro l auctions, a! odes, sizes. otter-us and col. i . ’62. ‘09. W 2:10.25! oloikdtra clear 5-2, n BB Bend] for our hoe Butlng‘ Book today- Abeoiutoly clownl’g 1.3303539?" as $61. steam '5134 hot water 51 merchandise at these big bargain events. And we sell—as we buy—bargains only—nothing but bargains! Our mammoth "PRICE WBECKER Catalog] contains 5,0 000 bargains in everything for Home. Personal and Farm use Wm YOU, Mr. Farmer. be one of the new million to send for this big free book? WILV continue paying regular store and mail order prices when high speed washing ‘ you can so easily save a lot more money on our original P- R- I-C-E ,. _ machine. on crates . . 5 at last B- U- S-T- I-N- G Plan? durable Troughs for hogs and . g - _ {Wpfifiiliifif' 5‘31“; ‘ todecore cove legs ‘. “i" “will” "“3 i???“ i‘i‘gé: . é'i’ 2'”. ‘ ma mm... ' ens erwith afulll ’ Get our share. ' l ocure .rlvee . oun 0 am; a s B omc e I ,In ...:....... .mgse 0.... .0... Twit... .3... w... CHICAGO HOUSE WRECK'NG 00- only 3'3“? 03:: :0an 1:28.23: am. igrsgzhéistsrtznsibi Lot No. T425. d rilow and picklel— lplated the an I lasts but at our der } is: owner. ‘2‘ v .. (HARRIS BROS- 60-. OWNERS) E?€“:§§F“i§2§ff§i§"§- .°l:%"‘ii§f’ffii: .zrsryg....°e......m.. I star 810.86 $10 Washing Machine.“ $6. 492,. 3:}. Sturdy hog Troughs 89c Bath tub Complete. 519. 00 WWI? $239 3“" a “"‘°'° ca” °' 3'3“" "°‘" ACI‘QS of Material in This Home $759 Up-to-Crade, Good Quality Lumber Build your home "THE HARRIS WAV.‘ 1'0 quickly Introduce our mammoth new DIRECT-TO- YOU Lumber Manufacturing Plant at Jackson. Miesls- S wgiiflfis githgég? g‘fgefiehg‘gse 0233063 2:: C m “‘— sippi, we make this exceptional offer: A whole car cal“ to satisfaction' “THE HARRIS 'W AYM has- ' brand new llmaber for only $239.00! Every stick guar- 1“) a definite meaning all its own. It '5 original ' x J ‘ shipments. If you can't use a whole car. have your friends ‘ am Shows many designs of Bern Buildings so. and how to eredth Write for this Book today. anteed good quality, strictly up to grade. Immediate with us better “different" from all others. ,: oin you and save extra on freight. For a. car load or less. send N ”I.-. I J ItFmeeréslozaoy)? I:'l apgielrlce—Speciu We Agcthitecturtaldgervice '-- me an 00 '—-F‘reeB lus nte— e or ma 9 sen- ‘cnfltl’lilwllilgcaoogu right now for our Lowest Wholesale DIRECT-TO- YOU Lumber slbly w_m_flt at a tremendous saving—elimination of all waste. V Bargain Price List and get our freight prepaid price on every 8E D FOR FREE 000 00 PLA BOO To reduce freight 9198““ item 01' Lumber and Building Material before you buy. N 3' 0' N K- we will ship from 011- w. do not requlro“oashwlth order". but glveyou prlvilegs of Contains :00 Modern Harrie Home, with floor plans, doecrlptlone. cage. St. ”8678' hlidllssis- inspection before you pay Who else will do this? We are not matu'ial. specifications. prices, valuable architectural information. etc. “”196; {1’1" in“: ingttég.‘ afraid of our material. So if you expect to builds house. barn 9‘“ BMW” how ‘0 “‘7" ”9 money building City Residences. Farm ‘ ts: you. e 9° near or any structure, send at once for our DIRECT-TO—YOU Lumber Home. Bungalows, DUNS! Houses. Cottages, Garages, Com C‘rihs. — Price List, and take immediate advantage of these wonderfully etc. This Plan B” ‘5 invaluable to any one Who “use” to build a low bargain prices. We have good lumber as low as $12. 00 pseelihtiusavnlilile'elumber Bills to lls—NOW S P E C I A L . GALVANIZED ROOFING Slaughter Sale of Unbeatable Low Fencing Pricesll 97c 3"” "“9““ 5 25 Buys .3... RUMELY 5.3::29...F39?!.':s:..':s::.l3.:g.53.; am A l‘ Build Your Home “The Harris Way" o I G = GALV FREIGHT deals enable us to quote heretofore unhe R O F N o PA'D MERCHANDISE pricing. mIStrong, heavy Fencing floatuglalzceily 1socurgsd re-d ll 1 is m. DUI;- cen our own r ce. A an en en ng or 035 an a genera r - i edwgtlgifiiggi‘égthgaeiguggligg'xiii-233:”; PRICES {€896 26312311.?) line Tore;dhigh0rdsuuare Imesh. stays 12 inches wag; Put Ill; rolls . Hid . - V6. 0 ornamental ceiling plates at lowest prices ever madez. Painted sheets Bur [mt gigantic purchaseoitlla stays m2. 6 131.5 per rod 250' 0. Side? mgtNfio'Tngs 8513;! as «sometime? :30 from 970 per square up, and Galvanized from 62 25 pers square up. Rumely stock Gasoline Engines. lbs. 3 I .95. Order by LotN In“. 0m. wirec cw” tolls m Del Tell us your rooting needs! Get our opinion. It Is free. ertau Cream 8 operators. ofmecme Light Plants. kind of building, exact dimensions of roof, when you expectto toub uy, Ensilage Cutters. Feed Mills Com salvadzod Fence w". $113 For 100 “8- Smooth nelvanlzed wire. A handy and positive etc" and our Rooting Experts will tell you exactly how much to buy. best e ection, exact cost. full diree- ». ,. .\ necessity about the farm. Suitable for fences. stay wires. grape H . vines and all purposes for which wire is generally used. Put up in rolls of irregular lengths ranging from 50! to 250 feet. This low price is for 100 pounds of our No.9 gauge. the standard size mostly in demand. We have every desired size in this let all proportionately low prices. Order by but No. $37. Galvanised Huskers. Com Shellers and Hay Balers enables us to offer these high- -gr9.de. brand new articles direct- to- -you at less than dealers used to pay in carload lots. Never in our 23 years of PRICE- WREC’KING have we offered such won- derful bargains! Dupllcate parts can dwell: he obtained. tions for laying. etc. WONDERFUL BARGAINS m Ready ROO'Ing 400 We recognize no competltlon on rooting! Our 40-acro plant contains gigantic stocks of dependable roofing of every kind at. prices absolutely slaughtered. Our AJAX Brand Rubber Surface New Sta les 2° r lb Ready Roofing. put up two and three piecestothe roll. complete with D W - . llaggd and (Sealing; ta. pgy 451cm 1 p13; 75:0 2 if}?! 5253031}, 33;- . , Barbed WIre Less Than 20 POI” ROd or I" a 9— 8!) rec D 8008 to or - ‘ ity, si. l6. Red or Gray Slate Coated Shingles. $2.5 O W ' .. R u m e l y - O l d 8 ”mealvagludHeavyweightbarbedwlro. utu onroels square. We have other grades at proportionately low prim. ; I! _ 0 33106.33" 2 1°31; ”bide. b55311 wgv§6eflma Moro ongeervice. SAMPLES OFEVERYKIND OPROOFlNG—FREEI Send for 0:581: E N G I N E S ' Galvanized Barbed eromfttltwolghtfllrst gradesnd best made out up Roofing Catalog showing everythingin Booting. and accessories atp made I) a. 01”, exactly 80 rods to the reel. l 2 barbi- Price per reel. 1.5 ll nu Best: quality. barbed wire, per 00 "95.. $2. 25. Order by IotNo.s T- lgrd" by I“ 0.1 ——-——-—-————_— O 5 9. 0 . -I- . l w M? D) S. 3 I (ii is. c: fl 0 '1 I O 3.: O W: =- 1: CD ‘ Positively the greatest engine values over oiiered. ~ Here's your chance to own a famous RUMELY-OLDS Gasoline Engine for a. mere fraction of its real worth. For 30 years blade. make this the y" - the “ 0111).?! has ranked with the best made. It has no superior '0'. \\ for power. simplicity. reliability), ease of operation. durability and ' pe;\ . fuel economy. Repairs cost little or nothing. Parts easily obtainable. NEVER BEFORE SUCH AN OFFER BY US money nolilln ll mm mad 600 lb mm the II at We believe In truthful advertising. We have built our . airman! l.:.%'%¥; Goo'ti BABQAI“8_ success on truthful statements. An army of satisfied customers know it! So when we for twenty year-«quiet. smooth- sa our Farm Ezriends ”He ore and now is the greatest farm engine bargain we ever runninmllo 118”“ O n .0 I' I II o n It clued. (ix-you ever heai‘d of: every Farmer is bound to take notice of our wor I. 18' IU‘OQ 'o‘gmod. wedge to big °“ 9" "9' A BIC savnnc on THE RIGHT sacral-a N ‘ w“ “Vln'.—nflv. “'0' p"... '0' whgg'oifriggd's.we mega? oil-rwadbuzmoney. All go 3:31 1.-2to am It .P..°amto:i.::r hm ”1°”.‘o'i’af ‘i’éfiiwifigfibgimm "m 5;. §°iwn5$deii$ei¥§a€€m for ’qulct £3332? ii “WHO" I ml". you n.“' $5815 you. Get. oui- amazingly low prices. full eecriptiona, etc... NOWl ._ Rim y ngm Plants .. aooK "-‘_"""" " ‘l’hl s 5- " . - W Our Mammoth —-—-—— p $1 1'1. ”Jim“: ,, . gigolo WtRECIglgR - - . , . 5 a ogconains .- flllcago House Wrecking 00.. Dept. T43 ole-so ‘ “ 7 . r - 1b., a. 000 Bargain oasis: ‘ . ' . , . . 5‘ ‘ . ‘ = everything for farm. Send me tree of cost the catalogs checked. ‘ k. , .4 37:. ' ~ " fl ‘ ,. , figmetglge 313!ng 5:3? 3113?.‘0°§X§galm fihfifi'i'naae . '4 ' V,“ ° ‘ . Mpg-£303 0 ' . , -» .. :. pgggammmg- Plan B°°k of Wire and .. sturdiness ease » est cutter r aln ’ “0““ a {3m Fencing Poi'e'rful machin Jaloemo “'32:! 3! ”mm“ s“ “31183233192" Rood . 5 din: Plumbing and paclty—lo to20 tonaperhour. Cuts “$21?er? grinding cob corn 3, u. - an Hutu“ i”! °f mfi°m ‘m ”guy“ ‘3: Md andsmaligrains. coarse med ' ' 1 ~ ' $1013 av yoke-air,I ”gills .s'ives tour cue- i inch mill for 12shell; ' remo' ma]. I Izi-D I‘d“ MI' 0 “d cf.) 5" ,. .... . _. all I) I On! _ V “we osOOeeeeeoo-esee-eeeeeeeeeeoteoooo Mb‘z'wofimubgfilflo‘ [0‘ ‘mm-m‘r‘ 01' fl mun-500M“! outfit: Order 7 Address . 35th and Iron Sis. Chicago House Wrecking Co. 6...“... Ire-coo. ....ococoon-eneoe.oII-eoeo.ee .o.