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The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.

W

miiccri‘fu‘fbciv‘é'gisy DETROIT MICH, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 18 1915 321%“.{Tg‘y‘gfit
546—2





The Michigan F armer

Established um. Copyright 1915.





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DETRQIT’ DEQ-__1§:21_5__





A FEW LEADING ARTICLES OF

THE WEEK.





 





“The Production of High-grade

Seed Potatoes." A description of

the methods used by one of the

largest producers in Colorado.. .547



“The Sugar Beet Crop." A presenta-

tion of the best cultural methods

for growing beets ............... 548



“Garget.” A practical discussion of

the cause, symptoms and treat-

ment of this disease by our Vet-

erinary Editor ................. 552



“Winter Dairying Profitable.” Con-

taining reasons why the dairy

production should reach its max-

imum in the winter season ...... 554



“Making Christmas Candies." De-

tailed direction for the home pro-

duction of choice Xmas sweets. .563



“Cereal Food Products." A discus-

sion of the place of cereal grains

in the diet ..................... 565



“Some Reasons for Failure.” Why

co—operative enterprises have of-

ten failed of success ............ 566



“Eggs and Exercise." Emphasizing

the importance to maximum egg

production ..................... 570





CURRENT COM MENT.





 





Already there have

been introduced in-

to Congress at least

two measures deal-

ing with the problem of rural credits





which has been so much discussed

in recent years. One of these bills





provides for the rediscounting of

notes, secured by warehouse receipts

0r valid liens on staple agricultural

products, with a maturity of not more

than six months and bearing interest

at not exceeding six per cent per an-

num. Under the terms of this bill the

federal reserve bank would be obligat-

ed to advance the full amount of the

loan at a. discount of not to exceed

three per centper annum. Another bill

provides for a federal farm loan board

similar to the federal reserve board

and creates the office of farm loan

commissioner with powers to carry

out the provisions of the act. It also

provides for the organization of na-

tional farm loan associations as the

initial units for the purpose of loan-

ing money at a low rate of interest on

farm lands. These associations would,





Rural Credit Leg-

islation.





by the provisions of the bill, be sep—g





arated into twelve federal land banks

to be established in various sections

of the country. There will no doubt

be a very large number of bills intro-

duced with a similar object in view.

The need of a better method of

financing the farms of the country is

unquestionable. . There is, however,

danger that the method provided for

the satisfying of this need may not be

satisfactory. Among those'who retrog-

nlze the need of a better method of





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





'fihafic'ing’thé alas-a the ass, .2...





those who believe in the paternalistic

idea of the government furnishing the

funds for such purpose. Those who

have made the closest study of the

proposition, however, are almost unl-

formly opposed to such a plan. Farm—

ers do not demand or need special

privileges above those available to

other classes of citizens. This theory

has been tried out as pointed out by

err-ambassador Herrick at the national

conference on marketing and farm

credits held at Chicago. He showed

how seventeen states have passed

state aid laws extending special priv-

ileges to farmers, some of which are

in the form of tax exemptions, and

none of which are based on the co-

operative plan. The government has

failed likewise to make good under

the paternalistic plan adopted by the

reclamation service, under which the

cost of irrigating lands was to be re-

paid by owners in ten yearly install-

ments without interest, and under

which plan defaults have been numer-

ous and extensions of time necessary.



There are other reasons as well why

paternalism should not enter into the

farm- credit proposition. If money

were quickly made available at cheap

rates for the purchase of lands, land

values would be suddenly inflated to

the enrichment of sellers and the

further handicapping of settlers. The

farmers do not need government aid

in the matter of providing funds for

adequate rural credit; they do need a

degree of government supervision and

a comprehensive workable law which

shall insure uniform practice through-

out the country. This fact should be

impressed upon members of Congress

from each state by their farmer con-





stituents. '5





Congress has as-

The-Task Before sembled in regular

Congress. session and has be-

fore it for consider-

ation the views and recommendations

of the administration relating to the

unusual exigencies with which the na-

tion is confronted at the present time.

There is no question but that the Eu-

ropean war has brought home to this

country many problems which are dif-

ficult of solution, and the solution of

many of these problems by Congress

is not simplified by the fact that the

questions to be settled are not wholly

or even largely of a partisan nature,

and the natural divisions of sentiment

will not be along strictly party lines.

Take, for instance, in the considera-

tion of the question of preparedness;

there is probably a very general senti-

ment in favor of preparedness in

congressional circles, yet some ad.

ministration leaders are avowedly op-

posed to a program of preparedness,

while there is a very great difference

of opinion as to how the necessary tax

for the support of such a program

should be levied. All things consider-

ed then, the task before Congress is

not easy of solution, which fact may

bring about a desirable degree of de-

liberation in the enactment of import-

ant legislation.

A study of the farm sur-

veys which have been

made in various parts

of the country reveals

the fact that the most successful farm-

ers are those which have from two to

four major sources of income. In

some instances the farm which has

only a single enterprise which is high-

ly specialized may yield a larger prof-

it, but ordinarily where one specialty

is capable of high development of this

kind it will increase rapidly and soon-





Agricultural

Diversity.





er. or later the price will fall to a.





point where other lines of production

are equally as profitable.





In this connection, it seems quite ‘





likely that the successful farmers who

advocate special farming and those





practicing diversified agriculture may





have in mind practically the same

idea. . The man who has from two to

four maln sources of income may spe-

cialise to aV-desirablelldegreefim sad)





and all .of these special lines. " He may

not beable to specialize as highly as

the man who has but one line of pro-

duction, yet under practically all con

ditions from two to four specialties

which fit well together in the general

scheme of farming will be found not

only more profitable but more work-

able than will the single specialty.



Often we believe the man who is

strong for specialized farming looks

upon diversified farming as the pro-

duction of a little of everything and

not much of anything. This is prob-

ably, less desirable than is the ex-

treme specialization which will occa-

sionally be found. This is not, how-

ever, the idea of diversification, which

is generally accepted by educators

and investigators who advocate diver-

sified agriculture. Their idea is rath-

er the diversification of special lines

of production than extreme specializa-

tion which will, in the language of the

old maxim, “‘put all of the eggs in

one basket.”





The prevalence of a.

great world war is

bound to have a.

great effect not only

upon every department of world busi-

ness but even upon the very language

as applied to that business. Military

nomenclature is now frequently ap-

plied to peaceful pursuits and some-

times quite aptly. President Wilson

recently appealed to the business men

of this country to mobilize their re-

sources in preparation for the trade

invasion which is sure to occur in this

country upon the close of the great

war now in progress.



The term mobilization, when applied

to a matter of resources, conveys a

valuable suggestion. In a period of

comparative inactivity we should pre-

pare for the more strenuous season to

come, no matter what the business in

which we may be engaged. The farm-

er, for instance, should prepare in win-

ter for his next season’s campaign.





Mobilizing Busi-

ness Forces.





, He should mobilize all his resources





to the end that his next season's cam-

paign may be made more successful.

Among his most valuable resources

will prove a knowledge of the experi-

ences of others in the solution of prob-

lems and the working out of plans

similar to his own. The maximum of

helpful knowledge along this line can

be best secured through the trade pa-

per published especially for the farm-

ers of the locality in which he oper-

ates. The trade paper which under-

takes to cover a larger field or which

Is published at monthly intervals can-

not compare as a resource with the

weekly trade paper published especial-

ly for the farmers of a given section

of the country. The Michigan Farmer

is such a paper and every farmer in

Michigan should include it in the

mobilization of his resources for next

season’s campaign. '



Aside from being a trade paper pub-

lished especially for the farmers of

the state, the special service feature,

including reliable market reports and

crop statistics, free veterinary advice,

tree analysis of milk and cream to de-

tetrmine their content of buffer-fat,

and of soils to reveal their lime re-

quirement, together with the special

service in the answering of any ques-

tion relating to the conduct of agri-

culture in Michigan by a recognized

authority on the subject involved

makes the Michigan Farmer an al-

most indispensable resource to the

progressive farmer of Michigan who

would make maximum use of his busi-

ness opportunities.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





Foreign.

The European Wan—The chief in-

terest of vthe European tstruggle cen-

tered in the movement of troops in

the Balkan states last week.

that the Serbian armies have prac-

tically left their own soil, the occa-

sion for the Allies pushing to the

north has been eliminated, and there

appears from reports to be a general

retreat-of Serbian, French ~ Eng“





Now '





van 1s: 1945.52 I





lish fol-cos acress the Greek border

toward Salonika. This leaves Serbia

practically in control of the central

powers and Bulgaria. The Austro-

German forces ‘are also pushing their

campaign in Montenegro and Albania.

Nothing has been heard of the intend-‘

ed Russian invasion;of Bulgaria from

the east. On the Gallipoll. penim ula

fighting has. been renewed by the

Turks, presumably. upon the-receipt of

new guns and munitions from“ German

sources, While Austria is reported to

have declined an invitation to join

the Kaiser in a campaign through Tur-

key to Egypt to'strike at the British

there, reports are persistent that such

a campaign by the Germans is being

planned. The Italians continue to

make gains against the Austrians in

the Goritz district. The Austrians

have been obliged to re-enforce their

positions strongly in that quarter. No

activities of importance have occurred

on the eastern front, except that the

Germans are withdrawing their center

to what is known as the Bug River

line. They are also making careful

preparations anticipating a new Rus-

sian offensive at that point. Although

artillery engagements are continuOus

on the western front, no readjustment

of fronts have occurred. In the Vosges

mountains heavy snow storms are hinv

dering operations.



The German government has order-

ed the recall of Captains Boy-Ed and

von Paper, attaches of the German

embassy here, who were found by this

government to be connected with a

wholesale interference with the manu-

facture and shipment of goods to the

Allies.



Recruiting in England is being con-

ducted with greater enthusiasm than

during any period since the European

war began.



From Switzerland comes informa-

tion of much concern in Germany ov-

er financial conditions. Paper money

has been circulated in such quantities

as to greatly depreciate exchange so

that the mark is now about equal in

value to the franc.



Soldiers of General Villa are being

pursued through the northern part of

Mexico and no quarter is being given.

In a battle at Fronteras all Villa sol-

diers taken prisoners were shot. It

appears that the Carranza organiza~

tion is gradually gaining control of

the country.



An explosion in a Belgian munition

factory resulted in the death of 110

persons. The cause is unknown, but

presumed to be the result of an ene-

my's plot. '



National.





The American note to Austria rela-

tive to the sinking of the Italian liner

Ancona and the killing of Americans,

demands immediate action in denounc-

ing the crime which is characterized

as wanton slaughter, in the punish-

ment of the submarine commander

and in reparation by the payment of

money indemnity. .



The post office department is now

planning'to resume the acceptance of

parcel post matter addressed to Ger.

many. British interference with the

service caused its suspension.



Last year under the incometax 357,-

515 individuals paid the government

$41,046,162, or an increase of nearly

$13,000,000 over the total paid the year

previous. Corporation income taxes

amounted to $38,986,952 from 229,445

concerns. This amount is $6,627,000

less than in 1914.



The republican national committee

is holding a “get together” meeting in

Washington this week. Delegates from

32 states are present.



Four miners were killed and two

seriously injured in industrial acci.

dents near Ironwood, Mich, last week.

The fatalities resulted from mines

caving in.



The Chinese in western United

are organizing to oppose the rever-

sion of China from a republic back to

a monarchy. A petition is to be sub-

mitted to President Wilson asking

him to withhold recognition of a mon-

archy should it be restored.



Edward.P. Cummings, Superintend—

ent of the Lansing schools, was acci-

dentally shot early this week, with

the chances of his recovery despair-

ed of.



Frauds upon the United States gov-

ernment through the use of artificially

colored oleomargarine are said to have

reached atotal of $17,692,410, of which

only $4,611,052 was assessable.



A‘ Chicago grand jury recently in-

dicted 54 labor grafters of plotting to

intimidate property owners and con-

tractors by compelling them to sub-

mit to extortions or have their prop-

erty destroyed by raiding bands.



Vigorous opposition has been start-

ed -» in Detroit by manufacturers of an-

tomobiles against the move to tax

autos at the factories where they are

made. .



Because of extraordinary expenses

in the state of Illinois incident to the

fight against the foot-and-mouth dis-

ease, the tax rate will be raised from

48 to 55 cents. -





«arr-h 7“ m 3'





rm.
aha-c 7': .. ‘e—





.m.





 





 





 





 





_ DEC. 18","1913. <





The" Preductio





 





HE test of a good seed potato is



its productiveness. When



planted and given proper care

in the growing of the crop, a good

seed potato will produce a goodly

number of clean, marketable potatoes.

I’roductiveness is the final test of all

seed stock, whether of potatoes or

any other farm crop. Good seed may

produce a fair crop under quite ad-

verse growing conditions, but poor

seed cannot produce a good crop, even

under very favorable conditions.



The subject of the production of

high grade seed potatoes is undoubt-

edly being given increasing consider-

ation throughout the country, and

more care and attention are also being

given to the proper handling of the

crop; but it is also undoubtedly true,

as shown by the very small average

yields, that the greater part of our

potato acreage is still being planted

With culls or inferior seed, with the

natural result that a very large part

of the labor spent on the crop is wast~

ed, as the yields are small in quantity

and poor in quality.



Do Varieties Run Out?



We hear much of the “running out”

of potato varieties, and the impres-

sion is quite general that any variety

will run out after a few years of plant-

ing, more or less; but what is this

“running out” except the natural de-

terioration resulting from the repeat-

ed planting of the culls and poorer

specimens while the best are sent to

market? Whereas, if only the best

were used for seed purposes, and

these planted in good ground and

properly handled, this tendency would,

in most cases at least, not only be en-

tirely overcome, but a marked im-

provement in both yield and quality

would probably be obtained.



Mr. L. H. Newman, in his “Plant

Breeding in Scandinavia,” states that

“In Sweden there is a potato known

as the Dala, which is said to have

been introduced about 150 years ago

and is still one of their best sorts;

that the opinion held at Svalof, (the

great experiment station), is that

there is no period of old age in a va-

riety of potatoes; that where suitable

sorts are used, and where suitable

tubers of these sorts are utilized for





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





By LOU'D. SWEET.





 





 





ket potatoes in Colorado.

the subject and was so universally





 





 





t—





The following is the text of a paper read before the meeting of

the National and State Potato Associations, held at Grand Rapids

during the early days of December, by Mr. Sweet, who is one of the

largest and most successful producers of high-grade seed and mar-

This paper so ably covered every phase of





that we determined to publish it in full for the benefit of Michigan

Farmer readers, for which privilege we are indebted to Dr. Wm.

Stuart, Secretary of the National

cuts are from photographs loaned from Mr. Sweet, while the small

cuts are made direct from a perfect

Sweet’s exhibit at the Potato Show. .





-type Peachblow secured from Mr.





*7





commended by all who heard it,





Potato Association. The large





 





 





 





 





 





seed purposes each year, the planting

of the variety may be maintained in-

definitely under all favorable condi-

tions of soil and climate. The main

considerations are maintenance of

vigor and control of disease, and this

implies careful selection of seed tu-

bers, careful cultivation and spraying,

and rotation of crops. Special em-

phasis is laid upon the latter point.”



In our own district in Colorado the

old Peachblow, (which was widely

grown throughout, the country some

forty years ago, and which some of

you knew when you were boys), has

been continuously grown for the past

forty years, and is as good now as it

ever was, although it has “run out”

practically everywhere else. That there

is in the cultivated potato a strong

tendency to degenerate or deteriorate

where the crop is planted without any

attempt to select only the best for

seed, is undoubtedly true, but that

this tendency can be overcome, under

ordinarily favorable conditions, by the

planting of only good seed and proper

handling, is also true.



The Seed Breeding Plot.



In the northern potato growing dis-

tricts of this country it is quite prac-

ticable for the farmer to grow his

OWn seed, through proper seed selec-

tion and handling in a special seed

plot, and there seems to be no good

reason why he should not do so, and

thus have good acclimated seed suited

to his locality. Where this is not prac-

ticable, for various reasons, it is much

better for him to obtain his seed from

some recognized seed potato grower

who makes a specialty of the variety

he wants to plant, preferably some

grower in a more northerly locality or

in a higher altitude, as such seed us-

ually has more vitality and vigor and

gives better results than seed grown

in a lower altitude or latitude.



The development of high grade seed

potatoes is not a mysterious or diffi-

cult matter at all; it simply requires

painstaking care and attention, and

right methods must be consistently

carried out year after year if the best

results are to be regularly obtained

by the grower. In illustration of this

the following will be interesting: An

experiment made by the U. S. Depart-





ment of Agriculture in southern Mich-

igan, in the selection of seed potatoes

from high yielding hills, resulted as

follows: “Hills yielding six or more

marketable tubers were saved for

planting purposes. The first year 16

out of 100 hills met this requirement.

This was continued up through, two

three and four years. The fifth year

70 hills out of 100 reached this requir-

ed standard.”

Good Soil the First Essential.



The first essential to successful

seed potato growing is good soil, prop-

erly prepared; the next is true-to-type

seed that is strong in vitality and vig-

or. Without both of these essentials

good crops of potatoes cannot be rais-

ed. A good soil for potatoes must

contain a large proportion of humus,

and this humus at planting time

should be well decomposed, making a

fine loose seed bed that will hold

plenty of moisture without preventing

the free circulation of-air. This seed

bed should also be deep to provide

plenty of forage ground for the roots

of the plant.



Archibald Findlay, one of England’s

greatest potato breeders, says: “The

potato plant yields out of all propor-

tion to the outlay where deep cultiva-

tion is practiced.” \Vhere humus is

lacking it may be suplied by the appli-

cation of manure, plowed under in the

fall, but a better way is to plow under

a. green crop, preferably of some le-

gume. Mr. George Sinclair, manager

of the Earl of Roseberry’s great Dal-

meny Farm near Edinburgh, Scotland,

the farm that is famous the world ov-

er for having produced the largest

yield of potatoes ever recorded, (over

120,000 pounds per acre), says that on

his farm “potatoes always follow the

grass,” and “there is no potato dis-

ease in Scotland if the crop is grown

only every fourth year and on turf or

sod ground.”



Providing the Humus.



On our ranch at Carbondale, 001.,

We supply the necessary humus by

plowing under a crop of green alfalfa

in the fall, when it is about knee high.

This alfalfa, which has been growing

for three or four years, has filled the

ground with its roots, and when it is

plowed under in the fall, about four





3—547





11 of High-Grade Seed Potatoes





 





inches deep, it supplies an amount of

plant food which is equal to the ap-

plication of twenty tons of manure

per acre, according to government re-

port. The land is then allowed to lie

rough all winter so that the frost and

the action of the elements may help

to decompose the green alfalfa. As

early as the land can be worked in the

spring, which with us is usually in

April, we again plow the ground from

ten to twelve inches deep, then work

it over with a disk or spring-tooth

harrow to thoroughly break it up, and

a leveler used to fill hollows and take

down any ridges that may exist. By

this time the green alfalfa has be-

come decomposed and the ground is

filled with humus ready for the potato

crop. For the production of market

potatoes we usually begin planting

about May 5, but for seed potatoes the

planting is usually deferred until

about July 1, for reasons which will

be stated below.

True-to-Type Seed.



The next step in the raising of high-

grade seed potatoes is the selection of

true-to-type seed of the variety to be

grown. Where hill selection has been

carefully done in the fall, and the

seed potatoes properly stored in

crates, they are, of course, ready for

treatment and sprouting, but where

seed must be selected from the bins,

care should be taken to select only

true-to-type potatoes, as the very fact

that they are true-to-type is in itself

an indication as to their quality, and

they will be more likely to start the

one master sprout which usually pro-

duces a stronger plant and a better

yield of potatoes. Where the grower

is compelled to get his seed from out-

side sources he should try to obtain

it from growers whose average yield

of market. potatoes is good, say from

300 to 500 bushels per acre, and

whose stock is clean and free from

disease. Potatoes from such fields

must have plenty of vitality and vigor

or such yields could not have been ob-

tained. After thorough treatment with

corrosive sublimate or formalin, these

selected seed potatoes should be plac-

ed in shallow crates and kept in a.

dark place until they begin to sprout,



(Continued on page 549).





 





 





 





   





The Well-Bred Seed Potato,





Grown Under Favorable Conditions and Dug Before Fully Mature,





 





 





 





 





   





Will Produce a Single Master Sprout.
548—4





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





Dig-94' :13" 49115.7. ; ‘





 





The Sugar





Beet Crop





We desire to put our land in shape for the growing of beets next year





and would appreciate any help you can give.





I have been a subscriber of





the Michigan Farmer for a number of years and once or twice have seen

small notes relative to sugar beets but no detailed articles.





Iosco Co.



EARS ago, in the early days of



the beet industry in this state



the Michigan Farmer gave some

attention to this subject because it

'is considered that this is a great in-

dustry in Michigan and 'ought to be

encouraged by the? farm press. No

territory can grow better beets than

Michigan, and when properly grown

they are a profitable crop for the

farmer.



There is another idea that the farm-

er should not forget. Every acre de-

voted to the sugar beet is one less

acre for potatoes; oats, corn, etc., in





fact, all the staple agricultural pro?





ducts, and none of these products

have been selling for any too much

money to make farming profitable. We

must have sugar. We don’t produce

enough for our own use and must

:pend millions of dollars in foreign

countries for this product. Isn't it

good business policy to increase our

acreage of sugar beets, and thus help

the market on other products, notably

potatoes, pay the money we now send

abroad for sugar, to our own farmers,

and our own business men and our

own laborers.



I have always agreed that every

American farmer situated within mar-

ketable distance of a factory and who

had suitable land should grow a few

acres of sugar beets every year. He

helps himself and he helps every oth-

er farmer by so doing.



Growing the Crop.



Like all crops, so far as I know,

you can not grow good crops of beets

on land in poor physical condition nor

on land low in available fertility. You

hear some farmers say it costs too

much to grow beets. There is too

much hard labor. Too much labor

the farmer can not do himself. There

is too great a risk to warrant paying

out so much clean cash for labor. But

you don’t hear the farmer who has

raised a splendid crop of beets say

anything about this matter. He is

satisfied because he has made money

by employing this extra help. The

man who gets a poor crop, of course

is not satisfied. There is little or no

profit. But this satisfaction, or dissat-

isfaction, will apply to almost any

crop. In fact, there can be but little

or no profit in any poor crop, and so

the whole question of satisfaction or

profitable farming comes down to this

basic question—good crops.



If the farmer can not produce good

crops he is not making very much

money. He makes none too much

when he produces good crops.



It is the farmer’s duty as a business

man to try and get his land in shape,

and so plant and care for his crop to

produce good crops. The man who

does his part usually wins. The man

who fails to do his part many times

loses.



Kind of Soil for Sugar Beets.



Sugar beets can be produced profit-

ably on soil that will produce good

crops of corn or potatoes. The best

soil for beets contains a little too

much clay perhaps, for the best crops

of corn or potatoes. Very light sand

or very heavy clay is not best for

beets, or for most crops for that mat-

ter, but both these classes of soils

can be put in condition so they will

produce profitable crops of beets.

They must be filled full of vegetable

matter and available plant food must

be added in sufficient quantities and

besides, in mest cases lime must be

added to correct acidity. Neutral or

alkaline reaction is quite important

with the beet crop.



Fertilizers for Sugar Beetle,



A clover sod, covered with good sta-

ble manure and a good liberal supply

of commercial fertilizers added is a

good foundation for a crop of beets.

And remember, you can not grow a





O. S. N.

good crop unless they have plenty of

good food to eat, any more than you

can produce baby beef without plenty

of food. If your soil is rich enough

without clover, manure and fertilizer,

then you are fortunate. Most soils

are not, and if they are not don’t for-

get that you will' do a lot of work for

little pay.



Preparing the Seed Bed.



Fall plow by all means for beets, if

you possibly can. If you'can’t possi-

bly fall plow, then plow for beets ear-

ly in the spring before you sow your

oats. The soil must be firmly settled

down for beets. Only two or three

inches on top should be fine and mel-

low. Below this the soil must be firm-

ly packed. I asked a good beet grow-

er once how I could tell when the

land was properly fitted for beets. He

replied that when it was so firmly

packed that the horses’ feet would

not sink into the earth when they

traveled over it, then the land was

properly fitted. He was absolutely

right. I proved that by experience.

When the horses’ feet will settle into

the ground up to the fetlocks, the land

is in no condition to sow to beets.

It must be harrowed and rolled and

packed until it is firmed down so the

horses’ feet will not leave deep tracks

before it is properly fitted.



Beet seed should not be buried deep-

ly. One inch deep is right. Two inch-

es will do, but not nearly so good;

over two inches is bad. You lose your

chance for a good crop. _



There is not much stored-up food in

a beet seed, like there is in a kernel

of corn or in a seed potato. There is

sufllcent food in this seed so that the

young plants can send out roots for

a considerable distance before they

require food from the soil. These

roots are large and vigorous and need

a loose soil for best results, but the

tiny roots of the little germinating

beet must get food very soon from the

soil. They can’t pass through air

spaces in the soil in search for food.

Hence the soil must be fine and pack-

ed close and firm or the roots can not

find food, and there should be plenty

of readily available food right in the

surface soil. Especially should there

be available phosphorous for the

young plants need it.



Time of Sowing.



Sow early. You can’t. get the best

crop unless you do. You can grow a

crop of beets planted as late as June.

I have done it, but you will not get

the tonnage you would if sown earlier.



Cultivation.



Harrow the field with a slant spike-

tooth barrow before the beets come

up. You may distribute some of the

seed and destroy it, butvremember,

most of the plants have to be pulled

up anyway when you thin them. By

harrowing before they came up you de‘

stroy many weeds, break the crust,

and give the beets the best chance.



Begin cultivating just as soon as

you can follow the rows. Keep it up.





,WW





CLOSET





 

 

 

 





,, . NTH Rm





hob.





BED Peon





iS-b A lo-g





 

 





 





Boo Roan





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Do it thoroughly. Let the teeth in

and areate the soil the first cultiva-

tion. Begin blocking and thinning

just as soon as possible. Don't put

this jdb off. Cultivate as soon as pos-

sible after thinning. Hand hoe'as soon





11?. 3.9g.





~-





as a weed shows. Don’t let a weed

show during the whole season .and

don't let a crust form if possible. This

will make you a crop. You will have

no trouble about harvesting it.



COLON C. LILLIE.





A DESIRABLE FARM HOME.





 





A colonade opening between the liv-

ing-room and the dining-room of the

home costs money, but when one con-

siders the added improvement that it

gives, the money is very well spent.

The pedestals are, as a rule, three or

four feet in height and are made so

as to contain either books or, if the

opening is from the dining-room side

they often contain the housewife’s

fancy china. The pedestals of some





 

 

 

 





.

i-l

_» I:





i! ! 2;

‘-. .





.q,».~

\‘\O





 





ZLEVA‘I'ION "- RIGHT 511:5.





colonade openings are much lower,

perhaps two feet, or only 18 inches

up from the floor line. These are

built solid with the "panel work. No-

tice the floor plan of the story-and-a-

half bungalow that has been sketched

out on this page. The entire front of

the house is opened through the din-

ing-room and the living—room with the

hearth at one end. This is a 25x39-

foot house that can be built for $2,900.

There is a 11x11 foot chamber on the

first floor and three rooms on the sec-

ond floor. The bath room is located

on the second floor in a very conven-

ient place. The exterior of the house

is sided in a rather attractive style.

The base is finished with a wide

eight-inch cypress lumber and the

walls above are covered with a dimen-

sion cedar shingle. The cypress is

stained a dark brown and the shingles





Sisepl'nj J E- Z



l oncH u



iI-x‘l-b [i] t

l I

‘KITCHEN—l





Bea 2m.

H x u” . ' H-“ Aw" l

I " "i





i l‘“

L.—J QUFFET





CSCREEN Rm... 3





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





F“ Mi

gLivmc Rm DINING RM ‘1

I

I le- 12' e Is 6* iz-e

Phony Pofscu.

[1T FLOOR.





given the same treatment except that

a little lighter 'stain is used. Then

all the window frames are painted

white so as to set them off in fine

style.



Another possible exterior that would

work out well for such a house is

shown by the sketch of the elevation.

The lower walls, that is, up to the





bottom of the second floor windows, 0





have a stucco finish while the walls

above are shingled or covered with a

narrow siding lumber.



This is a solid and compact house

plan that will look good to the most

conservative builder who expects big





' returns for the money that he puts





into his house.





 





FALL PLOWING.





 





Much is being said and written for

and against fall plowing. It is not my

desire to discuss why we should or

why we should not do much fall plow-





‘ing, but wish to give my experience

at late plowing last spring . and one,





conclusion that I have drawn from it.



Did not do any fall plowing the pre—

vious fall, and as I had about 45 acres

to plow, eight acres of it new ground,

and but two horses with which to do

it, was consequently very much: rush-





ed for”. a- time.





 





'I wished to put out eight acres of

beans and as this was clover and June

grass sod, I plowed it a little at a

.time when the other ground was too

wet. I managed to get all .but two

acres plowed in good time. This was

plowed about a week before planting

and was ham-owed once more than the

,rest of the fields and the beans were

also cultivated once more than the

rest.. I could not keep the grass out

of the two acres, although the rest of

the field was very clean.



I had about the same experience

with a field ofJune grass which was

planted to corn. I managed to plow

a few acres around the outside of the

field, when other work kept me from

finishing the field until about time to

plant when it was plowed, fitted in

good shape and immediately planted.

The few acres around the outside

were easily kept clean, but could not

keep the grass out of the last plow-

ing, although cultivating it five times.



From these two experiences I will

hereafter do considerable fall plowing

when possible, rather than be so rush-

ed in the spring that it cannot be

done, at least a few weeks before

time to plant.





Montcalm Co. M. GEORGE.





 





THE STATE POTATO SHOW.





 





The awards in the state classes at

the Jomt State and National Potato

Show, held at Grand Rapids, are re-

ported by Secretary Wade as follows:



Early Ohio—First, Emil Hultgren,

Cadillac; second, T. Bancroft, Good-

ells; third, Chas. Ginter, Mesick. Award

of Merit, Jacob Aten, Manton; A. Gig-

er, Manton; Joseph Duffin, Steven-

son; W. E. Wickertt, Escanaba; F. W.

Mlller, Manistique.



Early Rose—First, Victor Petham,

Cadillac; second, Jefferson Ditty,





Smith Creek; third, Fred Horton, Nes- ’





sen Cityr Award of Merit, Wm. Whal-

ey, Cadillac; E. Patrick, Buckley;

George Tomlinson, Smith Creek.



Irish Cobbler.—First, Geo. Harrison

Manton; second, E. . Bennison’

Houghton; third, John V. Harrison:

Manton. Award of Merit, Wm. Bish-

op, Mant'on; J. H. Brazee, Mesick; K.

Bloomqulst, Manton; John Mangum,

Marquette; Geo. Basal, Marquette.



Rural New Yorker.——~First, Lester

Wilcox, Fremont; second, Harry Stro-

ven, Fremont; third, Geo. Riley, Nes-

sen City. Award of Merit, B. Beuer,

Manton; .Vlrginia Wilcox, Fremont;

Frank Hill, Fremont; Stanley Stro-

ven, Fremont; Mrs. Wilcox, Fremont;

H. Hendrickson, Beechwood; William

Christenson, Menominee; John Daley

Dodgvrlle; White Marble Lime 00.;

Manistique; C. R. Miller, Manistique.





Russet Rural.———First, Jos. Rozema,

Fremont; second, Wm. Barson, Leer;

third, Chas. Rogers, Fremont. Award

of Merit. Neil Brown, Alpena; Chas.

Herron, Alpena; Alex. Martin, Leer;

Harry Rozema, Fremont; Henrv Oos-

terhouse, Fremont; Nicholas Ooster-

house, Fremont; Fanny Oosterhouse,





Fremont; Mrs. Oosterhouse, Fremont; ‘





Nicholas Rozema,

Rozema, Fremont.

Green Mountain.—First, Chas. Mohr

Fremont;_ second, C. L. Mohr, Fre:

mont; third, Geo. Millenbeck, Chas-

sell. Award of Merit, Rasmus Olson

Sands; Hubert Perra, Medeau; Clif:

ford Bordeau, Marquette; County Poor

Farm, Marquette; A. J. Menhennick,

Marquette ;_ Adolph Bruley, Marquette;

Anton Schimtgen, Iron Mountain; E.

V. Bennison, Houghton; John D. Man-

gurlri, Marquette; F. L. Swihart, Burr

a





Graded Table Stock—First, Lester

Wilcox, Fremont; second, A. J. Men-

henmck, Marquette; third, Henry Oos-

terhouse, Fremont. Award of Merit,

Rasmus_ Olson, Sands; Geo. Peterson,

Iron River; Clifford Bordeau, Mar-

quette; John J. Eskel, Iron Mountain,

Peter Westman, Daggett; W. S. Ew-

mg, Marquette; Jens P. Peterson, Iron

River; A. W. Thompson, Vulcan.



Sweepstakes—Chas. Mohr, Fremont.



County Prizes—First, Newaygo;

second, Wexford; third, Marquette.





BOOK NOTICE.





“Diseases of Economic Plants” is a‘

practical book suitable to the use of

fruit growers, farmers and others

who Wish to recognize and treat dis-

eases without the burden of long

study. It treats on the diseases of all

farm crops and should therefore be in

every farm library. It was written





Fremont; Henry





 





by, Profs. F. L. Stevens and J. G. Hall,

contains 490 pages and is well illus-

trated. Published by The Macmillan

00., New York. and can be ordered

through the Michigan Farmer ofi‘lce‘.

Price $2.





h





 





i

3’





 





l
DEC. 18, 1915.





THE PRODUCTION. ,OF HIGH-

GRADE SEED POTATOES.





 





(Continued from page 547).

then taken outdoors and exposed to

the light so the shoots may become

thoroughly greened and toughened,

when they. are ready to plant either

by hand or machine. If the sprouts

are short and are well greened they

will not easily be broken off, even in

machine handling.



The Master Sprout.



If the seed potatoes are well bred

and high grade they will, in most

cases, start only a single heavy mas-

ter sprout from the seed end, some-

times two, but usually one, and this

sprout is the strongest and best the

potato is capable of producing. If it

is not broken off or injured this sprout

will be the only one to grow and will

produce a stronger plant and better

potatoes than where a number of

weaker, spindling sprouts are started.

The necessity for keeping seed pota-

toes true-to-type is strongly empha-

sized by the best growers all over the

world, as in that way only can the

variety be kept to its highest and

best development. No sensible stock-

man would think of trying to build up

or maintain the quality of his herd by

breeding from the poorest and weak-

est animals and sending the best to

market, and the same laws obtain

with regard to plant life. If we want

the best we must plant the best seed.

Further, we know that in human be-

ings, as well as in the lower animals,

the one who is sound in health and

strong in vitality is almost immune to

disease; so, is it not reasonable to

Conclude, as experiments have fully

demonstrated, that good pure seed

that is true to type and strong in

vitality should also be largely im-

mune to disease?



Immunity from Disease.



In this connection would say that



most potato Specialists claim that the





' best way to overcome potato diseases





is to develop the seed potatoes

through the constant practice of hill

selection and planting only the best,

to such a robust condition of vitality

and vigor that they shall be practical-

ly immune to disease. In illustration

of this an experiment was made in

England with Sutton & Sons’ “White

City” potato, (a very high bred vari-

ety), which was planted in land badly

infested with the “Black Scab” or

“Wart Disease.” Two other different

varieties were grown, one on each side

of the row of White City. In one of

these rows the crop was practically

consumed by the Black Scab, while

the White City was absolutely free,

and in the row on the other side there

was a very large amount of the Black

Scab.

Immature Seed Best.



It has also been demonstrated by

practical experience that seed pota-

toes, for best results, should be lifted

or harvested before they are fully ma-





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





ture, as they seem to have more vital-

ity and vigor and also to be less sub-

ject to disease. It is said of Mr. A.

Burns, of Dumferline, Scotland, a re-

markably successful raiser of enor-

mous crops of potatoes, that his ex-

perience is, “If seed potatoes are only

partially matured when dug, only the

terminalbud or eye develops. One

sprout gives the best crop, and it is

ten days or more earlier.” There is

no disease and no spraying." It is

also stated of Sir Matthew Wallace,

who was knighted for his successful

work in the interest of the potato in-

dustry, that “He is without exception

using partially grown or partially ma-

tured seed. The potatoes that are

lifted in July are kept over until the

next March for planting. (This is ac-

complished by storing in houses with

plenty of light which prevents the po-

tatoes from sprouting). He claims

that he gets less disease than when

lifted at maturity, the potato throws

out a less number of sprouts when

planted, it makes a more vigorous

growth, and the sprout is stronger.

Consequently, the crop ripens earlier.

He is very particular to keep seed

true.” Archibald Findlay, the noted

potato breeder, also says, “All pota-

toes grown for seed should be harvest-

ed before maturity. We dig these

when they show the sear and yellow

stage of foliage. Never allow them to

get into the dead stage and become

fully matured.” Messrs. Sutton & Sons,

after long continued experiments,

have demonstrated a gain of 100 per

cent for the immature over mature

seed.

Plant Whole Seed.



Many tests and practical demonstra-

tions on large fields have proven be-

yond question, that where whole seed

true—to-type, is used instead of cut

seed, much better results are obtain-

ed, as the plants are more sturdy and

thrifty, resist disease better, and a

practically perfect stand is obtained,

which is most essential to profitable

results. No grower can afford to take

a loss of from 20 to 30 per cent in the

stand, when it can be almost entirely

avoided by the simple expedient of

using whole seed, as then all the

nourishment in the seed is available

for the plant as required, providing

ample food until the plant roots are

well started; whereas in the cut seed

a smaller amount of nourishment in

the seed is available for the plant,

and part of that is likely to be ab-

sorbed by the ground, while the cut

sides are also liable to infection from





any disease that may exist in the soil,





which the whole seed would be much

more likely to successfully resist.

“Small" Potatoes Not Fit.



This result has been the general

experience wherever good whole seed

has been used; that is, whole seed

that was selected from high yielding

hills or that was selected from true-

to-type from a crop grown from seed

selected from high yielding hills. To





plant just small potatoes taken from

an ordinary market stock that was in

turn grown from seed not hill select-

ed, would be to invite an inferior

crop, as the small potatoes from poor

hills would far outnumber the small

potatoes from good yielding hills, and

as the potato prOd’uces like the hill

from which it comes, in the resulting

crop the majority of the potatoes

would be small. To get the full ben-

efit from whole seed planting the

grower must make sure that his whole

seed comes from high yielding hills

or crops.

Plant Seed Plots Late.



For the production of seed potatoes

either for the farmer’s own use in his

market field, or for the production of

seed potatoes to be sold to other

growers of table stock, it is best to

plant only true-to-type, immature,

whole potatoes averaging about three

ounces in size. These may be plant-

ed six or eight weeks later than the

regular market stock fields. We plant

about July 1. At that time the warm

weather and the favorable condition

of the soil, in which a large amount of

plant food is then available, causes a

rapid growth and usually a much

larger set-on than is found in the mar-

ket field planted earlier in the season.

On account of the short growing sea-

son, these seed plot potatoes will not

grow as large as the earlier planted

potatoes by the time frost kills the

vines, which with us is about Septem-

ber 20, but do produce a larger num-

ber of smaller sized ones, say from

two and a half to five and a half

ounces, which are good seed sizes,

and these potatoes, being immature,

will have a greater vitality and resist

disease better than potatoes which

have fully matured.



Cultural , Methods.



We usually plant in rows three feet

apart and hills one foot apart in the

row, which gives us about 14,000 hills

per acre. We are able to do this be-

cause we build up our soil through

consistent crop rotation—first year,

grain and alfalfa; second, third and

fourth years, alfalfa; fifth year, pota-

toes; then back to grain and alfalfa,

etc., by which the-soil is renovated

and filled with plant food. We plant

about four inches deep and about a

week later start the cultivator, set-

ting the shovels about eight inches

deep, following this with a cross har-

rowing of the fields, setting the teeth

at an angle of about 40 degrees, so as

to level the groundas well as kill any

weeds in the rows. We usually culti-

vate about twice, and are careful to

see that the ground is kept moist

enough to keep the plants growing

steadily without any check. By keep-

ing careful watch of the crop as it

grows we are able to locate most of

the plants that show, by an abnormal

growth of vine, a tendency to degen-

erate, and these are promptly rogued

out, as well as any hills that show in-

dications of disease.





5- -549





Some time before the potato crops

are harvested, all cellars or other

storage places should be thoroughly

cleaned and disinfected so that no ves'

tige of fungus or other troubles may

remain to infect the new crop. This

is a matter that is largely overlooked

by our growers, and very many cases

of storage troubles may be traced to

carelessness in this respect.





Selecting the Seed.



As soon as practicable after frost

has killed the vines, or if earlier ma-

turing potatoes are being raised, as

soon as the foliage is “in the sear and

yellow stage,” as Mr. Findlay puts it,

before the vines dry up, the seed crop

should be harvested, without allowing

it to lie in the ground for several

weeks to mature, as is done with ta-

ble stock. In hill selection consider-

able dependence can be placed upon

the appearance of the tops. A large

top with one sturdy stem is usually

found to have more and better pota-

toes under it than a hill with several

weak stems. Select those hills in

which there are a goodly number of

tubers, all of them of good shape and

most of them of good uniform size,

and discard those where the shape is

poor and the sizes very variable, even

though there may be quite a number

in the hill. Store enough of the very'

best selections for your next year’s

seed crop, and use the balance for

your next year’s market crop or sale,

as you may wish. In this way the

purity of variety and the vitality of

our seed potatoes are steadily main-

tained, and high yielding seed produc-

ed that should be worth several times





the price of ordinary seed potatoes.





Recapitulation.



In conclusion let me summarize a

few of the points we consider essen-

tial for profitable potato growing;

namely:



Always use true-to-type whole seed,

if it can be obtained from high yield-

ing crops or by hill selection.



Never plant seed from market stock

running less than 300 to 500 bushels

per acre.



Use only immature seed, sprouted

and greened before planting.



Treat all seed potatoes with cor-

rosive sublimate or formalin.





Plant seed-plot potatoes late so as to

obtain a larger set-on, and harvest

them before full maturity.



Don’t plant potatoes on ground that

has been in potatoes for a number of

years.



Adopt a rotation of crops that pro-

vides for potatoes only one year in

five on the same ground.



Good seed is cheaper than poor

seed, even though the first cost is

twice as much.



Plant potatoes only on good ground

that has been in alfalfa or some other

legume for a number of years, and

that has had a green crop turned un-

der the fall before the potatoes are

planted.





 





 





   





.T he Small Seed of Common Stock Usually Planted





 





0.5.x, ' , .





 





Produces a Number of Weak Sprouts and Less Vigorous Plants.»
wm'ncn

AT





SAN' FRANCISCO

exposmvn





a 2 :ss ' W- /





Mogul 18-1 — rtacor

$675.00 Cash f. o. 1). Chicago





’ I ‘HE small-farm tractor is here to stay.





Farms even smaller than 100 acres are

rapidly belng equipped ‘Wltll Mogul 8-16 011

tractors. Since their introduction, the great plant at

Chicago has been turning out these machines by the

thousands and is still behind orders.



There is only one reason for this unprecedented demand.

Tractor farming pays. Horse boarders are cut down to the

small number required for cultivating and the few other jobs for

which tractors cannot be used. The plowing, disking, seedin

and harvesting are finished without relation to the effect 0

weather on horses. Costs are reduced all ’round. Net farm

profits are higher. Tractor farming pays well on small farms

when the work is done with a Mogul 8-16. The longer you put

OH buying one, the more money you lose.



The Mogul and Titan lines include larger tractors to 30-60

H. P., all 0 crating on low grade oil fuel, and a full line of general

pur ose oil) engines, from 1 to 50-H. P. in size. See the local

dea er who handles these machines or write us for full information.





International Harvester Company of America





(Incorporated)

CHICAGO U S A

Champion Deer-in; McCormick Iiiwankee 0M0 Plane





 





 





iPOTASH





Is today in great demand both by Powder

and F ertihzer manufactures, TOMORROW the

l demand will be from the progressive farmers

in your community. who will purchase the

brands that contain the highest percentage of

Potash, other elements being equal.



. If you are notin position tosupply them, inquire of

1





; THE J. L. & H. STADLER.

Rendering & Fertilizer Company,

CLEVELAND, OHIO.





‘1 who are abundantly prepared to fill orders on 1%

i aprllgfi-gercent Potash mixtures for the entire year

0 .





 





 





 





Add new, rich crop win land to

our own farm in clearingit o stumps.

'lear your neigh 113' land. Your Her-



cules will be kept busy when others see ~



what it does. Big profits or you.



With the ,





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o T H Y B u -

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Alsike Glover and Timothy mixed. Fully 1:3 nlsxke. a big

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Write for Free Sample and it!) page ca and circulars

describing this wonderful grass mixture. eats anything

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tested recleaned seed guaranteed. Write before advance.

A. A. BERRY SEED 00.. Box 531. OMrIndl. Om





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free samples of our pureJows Grown,New Crop Recleaned

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:' mg facts.





HERCULES MFG. CO.

131 24th Street.





 





» for various soil conditions.





 





 





Free for Tootin





 

 





A air of





 





ASK





 

   

 





our 88108



a rod square of n . A office near-



. 1 persimistlIOleA P0 est you for

prices and





 

 

 





terms on fertil-

izers adapted to

your soil and crops

The American

tnral Chemical Co.

New York, Baltimore, Phil.

ndelphin. Buffalo. Cin-

a'nnnti. Cleveland.

Detroit. etc.

Book ee





 

 

 

 





 





teed. Send 00 ex

or 1:, no y w to

WHEN!!!" OOIPANY



“S749. can. Ml-





   





Pnlvorlxod limo rock for “sour" ‘

soil . Write for LOW PRICES

DIRECT TO YOU and we will

send sample and full particu-

lars. Write to once nearest you.



LAKE SHORE STONE COMPANY.

Muskogon. Mich. and Benton Harbor. Inch





—You should not the highest grade

of limestone manufactured. Buy

it upon the basis of analysis. We





manufacture the hi host fired. pul-

verilod limo-tone «5.1 in ichigan.





   

   

   

   





 





 

 





 





Let us prove it. Ask for can lo and analysis.

CAMPBELL STONE 60.. Milan Ilvor. “loll.





LIMESTONE





For general term use. Finely polarised. made from highest

high calcium stone. ick shipments in closed cars. Let us send





sample and price. orthern Lime Co.. PetoskeyJVlich.

ron even scan in. rm 1 ‘ g ,,

cket - Khan-ac]: - ' ' -_



Barrel~Traeuon and





Y 0“ M ”mm... W GRIMM MANUFACTURING co.





SP make them nlL Directions FREE. ““21 W... m" I. '- Gimianli. 0M0,





MAPLE SYRUP MAKERS

The Grimm Evaporator"





..—-——-—-'=_'."_'—‘_; "

'W.gw§..





 

 





Used by





 

 

 





 





Field force Pump 00., Dept. 1., MIX}





 





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARME'R.





DEC. 18.- 1915.





State Horticulturists’ Annual Meet





HE State Horticultural Society



celebrated its forty-fifth anni-



versary at the place of its birth,

Grand Rapids, by a. three-day session

from December 7 to 9 inclusive. Dur-

ing the forty-five years of its exist-

ence the state society has been a pot-

ent factor in the development in the

fruit industry of the state. It has also

had its ups and downs, passing

through periods of prosperity and de-

pression, but in its forty—fifth year, the

age for Oslerization, it came back

with renewed life and a. spirit which

promised that it would be of even

greater value to the fruit interests of

the state than heretofore. Both in at-

tendance and in the quantity and qual-

ity of the exhibits this meeting ex-

celled the annual meetings held in

the past ten years. This is especially

significant because the society is now

at a crisis in its financial affairs. It

has been suffering from the loss of

the state appropriation, but the spirit

of this meeting indicates that it is

passing through the convalescent

stage and soon will be stronger than

ever.



Discussion of Marketing Predom-



inates.



The Tuesday moming session open-

ed with ani experience meeting in

which the problems of marketing and

aphis control predominated. The short

talks given by the various fruit grow-

ers at this time indicated that while

the season was a very unfavorable

one the fruit grower has lost none of

his enthusiasm for his business. These

talks also indicated that the growers

fully realize that the marketing of

poor stuff and the lack of systematic

distribution were the chief causes of

poor results in marketing the large

crops of early apples and peaches.



Prof. C. P. Halligan, of the M. A. C.

Horticultural Department, opened the

program proper with the subject,

“What the Department of Agriculture

is doing for the Fruit Grower." He

said that the U. S. Department and

the state experiment stations were so

closely allied that he could not men-

tion the one without speaking of the

other. He spoke of the value of the

farm management work and its ef-

forts toward systematizing farm work.

Investigations by this department in-

dicated that it would be more profit-

able if the general farm carried more

live stock. With reference to horti-

cultural work, he mentioned the cover

crap tests that the experiment station





‘ was carrying on, stating that their in-

. . vestigations have showed thus far that





there was no single crop that made

the best cover crop, and therefore

their efforts were chiefly confined to

finding satisfactory crop combinations

The ex-

periment station is also carrying on





I very interesting storage experiments.

‘Cherries and small fruits, as well as





some of the vegetables, were frozen

immediately after picking, and after

being kept in storage at/a temperature

of 16 degrees for several months were

taken out and given the cooking test

by the home economics department.

The results of these testshave been

so satisfactory that Prof. Haligan pre-

dicted that this method of storage

would to a great extent replace the

canning methods of keeping fruits and

vegetables.



Michigan Prominent an a Horticultural



State.



The morning session was concluded

by a paper on “The Horticultural In-

terests of Michigagn,” by Hon. C. J.

Monroe, of South Haven. By the use

of statistics, this veteran horticultural

enthusiast showed the good standing

of Michigan as a fruit state. Among

the interesting facts he brought out

was that -while Michigan was only

seventh in the‘mumber of bearing ap-

ple trees, she stood second in the pro-

duction and value of this fruit, this

being very good proof that the Mich-





igan fruit grower is a progressive and

up-to-date one.’



Mr. A. C. Carton, Secretary of the

Public Domain Commission, gave a.

very interesting, talk on “What For-

estry Means to the Michigan Fruit

Grower.” The influence of the trees

on the climate and their value in pre-

venting erosion were well brought out.

Mr. Carton said that forestry should

always remain an important factor in

Michigan as the state contains 600,000

acres which were ideal for forestry

purposes, and has already under the





control of the Public Domain Com-





mission fifty-two forest reserves, six

of which contain 130,000 acres and 350

miles of fire lines.



Problems of Co-operation.



The next subject was “Problems

and Possibilities of Cooperative Mar-

keting,” which was discussed by Mr.

Alfred Bentall, President of the Grand

Traverse Fruit and Produce Exchange.

This association has had valuable ex-

perience in cooperative work. Mr.

Bentall’s discussion was especially val-

uable because it was based on these

practical experiences. He said that

the greatest problem of co-operative

marketing was not the handling of the

fruit but the handling of the people.

He found it very hard for the associa-

tion to keep the members loyal, be-

cause they could not see immediate

benefits from their membership in the

association. It was necessary to show

members the dollars and cents value

of co-operation before they showed

any degree of interest in it. Moral

suasion and even signing of contracts

apparently had no desired effect. The

individualistic standpoint of the farm-

er was also a factor in the way of

true co-operation. The farmer hates

to lose his identity, and does not like

to trust others with the marketing of

his products.‘ Another factor which

opposed the advancement of co-opera-

tion in this state was the ease with

which the fruit products can be mar-

keted. There are available large mar-

kets to which fruit can be consigned

and at shipping time there are also a

large number of local buyers who are

willing to pay cash for the products.

This cash offer, even if it is less than

co-operation would bring, appeals to

the farmer, for he is inclined to think

that a dollar in the hand is better

than the promise of two in the future.

Although the experience of the asso-

ciation with which Mr. Bentall is con-

nected was not entirely satisfactory,

he has lost. none of his enthusiasm for

the co-operative idea. He is firm in

his belief that co—operation is bound

to come, and thinks it will work out

into community cooperative associa-

tions which will be strong enough to

be able to hire a man to represent

them on the market.



(Continued next week).





TROUBLE DEPARTMENT.





 





Protection from Mice and Rabbits.





Will you kindly inform me as to

what will prevent rabbits and mice

from eating the bark from small fruit

trees during winter? Would it be ad—

visable to wrap them with tar paper?



Montcalm Co. R. N.





One of the chief essentials in the

control of rabbits and mice in the or-

chard is the cleaning up of all brush

or other‘ harboring places for these

posts. If there is considerable sod

around the base of the tree, it should

be worked away and a. mounding of

earth which does not include sod.

about ten inches high often serves

very well in protecting the trees dur-

ing the winter.



There are various kinds of tree pro-

tectors which are very efficient for

this purpose. The writer prefers those

made of woven wire or veneer. A

heavy waterproof paper is also good.

but tar paper is not advisable because

it may have an injurious effect on ten-

der bark trees such as the peach.
DEC. 18, 1915.





MUSKEGON CELERY AND FRUIT

enowens "CO-OPERATE.





 





The recent meeting of the Muske-

gon County Horticultural Society had

a dual purpose. For the society prop-

er, the day marked the event of their

first annual apple show. For the cel-

ery growers, who were the invited

guests of the society, Mr. Levin, biol-

ogy instructor in the Kalamazoo High

School, gave a talk on celery blight.



The apple show was a success as

to the quality of fruit shown, the

quantity being cut down by the fact

that the season has been more or less

unfavorable to the orchardist. Many

of the prominent growers had good-

sized exhibits. Over forty varieties of

fall and Winter apples were shown.

An attractive feature of the fruit ex-





hibit was the spray of red raspberries.





brought in by one of the local small

fruit growers. These plants were set

last spring and the fruit probably rep-

resented next spring’s crop maturing

ahead of time.



To listen to Mr. Levin’s talk was in-

teresting and instructive. For over

an hour he talked to the celery grow-

ers, telling them not only that they





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





in the end the grapes are next to

nothing, compared to the size of the

vine. H. S.





There are two things which are

quite essential in the production of a

good crop of grapes; these are prun-

ing and spraying.



In the matter of pruning, if the

grape vine is allowed to grow as it

will, it usually produces more fruit

spurs than it can carry well, and the

result is small straggling bunches. If

your vines are grown for ornamental

purposes on trellises, the best method

of pruning would be to out each past

season’s growth back to the spurs of

two buds each. It would also be a

good thing for the vine to cut the

main arms back so that they are

about four feet long, but very often

when grown on garden trellises this

cannot be done, and the spur pruning

will have to suffice.



If the vines are trained on wires

and used for utility purposes alone,

they should consist of four arms and

each year arms should be renewed.

This can be done by cutting away all

of the old arms and leaving well plac-

ed good strong shoots of the past sea—

son’s growth to replace them. These

shoots should be cut back to about





 





 





Celery Field of Mr. Joldersma,.of Kala-mazoo 00., Where a Small Expendi-

ture for Spraying Resultedi in Large Financial Returns.





should spray to save their crop, but

giving them the how, when and Why

of spraying for celery ‘ blight. He

dealt in some detail with the disease,

showing scientific aspects of the trou—

ble that most popular lecturers shun

for fear their audience will not under-

stand their meaning.



During the late summer Mr. Levin

has been conducting a celery spray-

ing experiment on the farm of Mr.

Joldersma, near town. The result of

this test has been to save some eight

hundred or a thousand dollars worth

of celery for Mr. Joldersma, at a cost

of about $15 for spraying. (The cut

shows a picture taken of the field on

October 2. In the background, across

the ditch, is seen the condition of a

neighboring field which was not

sprayed).



Undoubtedly it was this fact that

actual results have been shown by Mr.

Levin, that led to the celery growers

to get together after the meeting and

in an exceedingly informal, but pur-

poseful way, form what is to be known

as the Muskegon Celery Exchange.

On the spot they elected a president

and secretary, voted to join the Horti-

cultural Society as a body and hold

their meetings at the close of the so-

ciety’s meeting each month.





TROUBLE DEPARTM ENT.





 





The Care of Grape Vines.





Can you give me some information

in regard to the care of grape vines?

Our grape vines grow fine, but do not

bear much fruit, in fact, this past

summer scarcely anything was, borne.

They are a very sweet red grape

about the size of the Concord. I have

never heard the right name for them.

In, the spring they are full of blos-

soms, but it seems they disappear, for





 





ten buds each, so that the entire vine

after being pruned will have a total

of forty buds.



One cannot hope to grow good

grapes unless the vines are sprayed

as this fruit is so subject to insect

and fungous troubles. For this pur—

pose Bordeaux mixture is best, and is

made by mixing four pounds of cop-

per sulphate or bluestone, and six

pounds of fresh lime with fifty gallons

of water. Before mixing, the copper

sulphate should be dissolved and the

lime slaked, and care should be taken

not to mix these two together when

the copper sulphate is in concentrat-

ed form. This mixture with two and

a half pounds of arsenate of lead con-

trols practically all grape troubles.



The first spraying should be made

when the new growths are about eight

inches long, another just as the blos-

some are about to appear, and still

another when the bunches are through

blossoming.



Judging from your description, I be-

lieve your grapes are of the variety

called the Brighton, which is one of

the best quality grapes we have. It

has, however, the serious fault of not

making compact bunches, and is quite

susceptible to dropping its berries.





 





BOOK NOTICE.





“Manual of Fruit Insects,” b Prof.

M. Y. Slingerland and Cyrus A}: Cros-

by, Is a very complete book on the in-

sects of- deciduous fruits and their

treatment. It is especially valuable

to frurt growers because the good il-

lustrations and clear descriptions

make it easy for the layman to recog-

nize the insects mentioned. It is the

insect book every fruit grower should

have. Consists of 500 pages, is pub

lished by The Macmillan Co., New

York, is sold for $2, and can be order-

ed through the Michigan Farmer.





'1 -— 551





 





 





FORD CAR

MAINTENANCE





Results of an investigation among Ford owners.

Common problems discussed.





“ To what can I trace faulty valve action ? .”

Answer: Due almost invariably to carbon de-

0 posit. Ford owners who use Gargoyle Mobiloil

“E" are remarkably free from this trouble unless the

valves are out of adjustment. ‘





 





“What causes power irggularities? ”

Answer: Faulty carburetor adjustment is of

0 course a common cause. But a frequent cause,

too, is incorrect lubricating oil. The body of Gargoyle

Mobiloil “E” correctly seals the Ford piston clearance,

conserving the full force of the gas explosion for the

turning of the rear wheels.





 





“Why does my motor pre-iggitc?”

Answer: In the great majority of cases, this

0 trouble is due to hard carbon deposit on the

cylinder heads.. The carbon grows red hot from the con—

tinued heat of explosion. It then fires the gas charge

prematurely.





Pre—ignition trouble is rare among motorists who use

Gargoyle Mobiloil “E.” Of course, no petroleum-base

oil will burn without leavin carbon, but the slight car—

bon of Gargoyle Mobiloil “E” is a light, dry soot. It

expels naturally through the engine exhaust.





 





“Why do my spark plugs foul? ”

Answer: This trouble is caused by (I) faulty

0 carburetion; (2) too high an oil level; (3) incor-

rect lubricating oil. If you are troubled with fouled spark

plugs first see that your oil level is correct and your carbu-

retor properly adjusted. Then look to your lubricating oil.





If the hody is too light it Works in excess quantities





past your piston rings into the combustion chambers. In

burning it leaves carbon on the spark plugs.





 





If too heavy it will fail to reach all friction points.





As the body of Gargoyle Mobiloil “E” is scientifically

correct for the Ford piston clearance, fouled spark plugs

are infrequent among Ford owners who use this oil.





(3%“th





Mobloils





A grade for car/z type of molar





 

 





In buying Gargoyle Mobiloils from your dealer, it is safest to purchase in

original packages. Look for the red Gargoyle on the container. For in-

formation, kindly address any inquiry to our nearest office.





Stationary and Portable Engines



Your oil must meet the heat conditions in your engine. Many oils thin out

too much under engine—heat. Three troubles result: (I) Compression escapes

and power is lost. (2) The cylinder walls are exposed to friction. (3) Excess

carbon is deposited. The oils specified below will prov; efficient.



Water-cooled engines—Use Gargoyle Mobiloil “A” in summer; use

Gargoyle Mobiloil “Arctic” in winter. Air-cooled engines-Use Gargoyle

Mobiloil “B” the year ’round.



Tractors



The design of your engine must determine the correct oil. Send for booklet



containing Gargoyle Mobiloils Chart of Recommendations for tractors.





Mobilubricant—In the patented Handy Package. The correct grease for

transmissions, differentials and compression cups of automobiles. The spout fits

the filling plug opening of the Ford and all other cars. Mobilubricant is just the

thing for farm machinery. Simply turn the key. No dirt, no waste, no trouble.





VACUU M OIL COMPANY, Rochester, N.Y., U. S. A.





Specialists in the manufacture of high-grade lubricants for

every class of machinery. Obtainable everywhere in the world.





New York

Chicago





Detroit





Philadelphia

Boston





Indianapolis





Minneapolis





Domestic Branches : Pittsburgh
GetThis





Ext ra CPO?





, airs—75‘5— ”You Don‘t Spread

i} l Manurel’roperly , » .



_. YouAreWastlngr ‘ '

/ .‘irdmarllyg

Raised





The fork Spreading method causes .manure loss in

the barnyard through leaching and firing and loss in

the field through irregular spreading.





The manure profit from each farm animal is $8 to $10, according to





government CXDCI' ts.





So you can’t afford to lose even a little of it.





You get full fertilizing value from your manure only when you use

the proper kind of spreader, one that'loads easrly, is light of draft and

spreads wide and evenly. These qualifications are met by the





"mama lusmortl |





guaranteed manure spreader. It’s only 43 inches high and can be loaded

Without overhead throwing. Double cylinders with pointed teeth take

care of top and bottom sections of manure load, thus insuring thorough

pulverization without danger of choking. This double cylinder makes





the draft light.





The revolving distributor spreads the load over three corn rows.

It spreads beyond the wagon tracks so that it is not necessary to drive





Qver the spread manure.





Chain Drive—No Gears





The entire mechanism





chains. No breaking or freezing.

feed and spreader mechanism prevents loss of power.





of the New Idea is operated by strong

Direct axle drive of both

Endless





chain conveyor scrapes bottom clean. Nothing left to rot or





freeze. The New





Idea is guaranteed against breakage for





one year and indefinitely guaranteed against detective material





and workmanship.





Write for This Book Free





"Helping Mother Nature.” 8. book for practical farmers. Tells how





to spread manure to get greatest crops.





1! there is no New Idea.





dealer in your town. write us for free copy and illustrated catalog.





New Idea Spreader Co.“‘is'3’i8“r‘ir£p§‘llf.1§i“"Coldwater, 0.





 





 





/ Half the Feed“

No Disease:





“Would not be without my stock feed cooler.

It loflneiu'pisi. Feed Mmboflthoeornl

matched, and they do both. I have not bod

any-Ewan” knd nines"! lad the cooker."



. ...........mua ‘





Loss feed and more meat means’bigger

hate you. Youcandoitb cookingthei '

you are now using raw. 50. other farmers -

dome lt-you can do it, too.





LARGER PROFITS





Our literature tells how to event hog cholera.t

worms and other diseases In ego and cattle. it is-

full of valuable feeding information, worth money





to you. Send for it today—it's free. .

Heesen Bros. & Co.. ch225 Tecumseh, Mi





 





SA V E- lie-HORSE

’ (Trude-Mark. Registered) .



8 00k “Snve-the-Horse Cured Spawn on



a F ine Percheron More after Three



F r e e Treatments,” Writes Mr. F. T. Fowler



s 0f Lake Vi"? Iltllllnmli f l mom like



". ave-the-Horse cure e ‘ 00 a

magic." says A. L. Nail of Maysville. Okla. who used

bottle for contracted hoof.



No blistering. Horse works. Every bottle sold

with Signed Contract to return money it remedy

falls on Ringbone—Thoropln—SPAVIN —- or ANY

Shoulder. Knee, Ankle, Hoot. or Tendon Disease.



But write. BOOK, Sample Contract and ADVICE

-—ALL FREE (to horse owners and managers). WRITE





nor CHEMICAL €0.20 Com finial-mt», I].

Drngglsts everywhere sell Sove-the-Horso WITH CON-

TRACT, or we send by Parcel root or Express «1.





w DUPLEX Clift'i'sm

‘OmoiflleEasiestRmringMflsMade





Grinds oar corn, shelled corn, oats,

wheat, barley, rye, corn,

cotton seed. corn in chucks,

alfalfa, shoot onto, or any

kind of grain. Bugger has n

. double lpout attached. to

either lido of mill. We

furnish extra hopper for

grinding small grain and.

our com at the some time.

Undo VIII douhlo not





 

 

 

 

 

 





tore, do twice as much work. Roqulroo 25 o looo power.

Elpocinlly adapted for gasoline onginol. We make 7 sizes.

Write for Free Catalog.



DUPLEX MILL A MFG. 00.. Box 308. Springfield, Ohlo





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





RI'I'E FOR 1 ' 0

: ' t 3 O O

H

H pad! 134 - ' ‘ .

F2 ’1 f H as M rods Bro

F“ H grits £2.22in sold to “30%

F‘ farmers. Factory Prices.





 





Fre' htPre 'd.llo style

18o one! hips].- Gates or:

Steel Pooh. too! Write postal.

m .30“ I!“ G van: 00-

M49 0 o o W.“





 





When writingto adver-

tisers please mention the

Michigan Farmer.





 





 





Warrant“! to Elva Sotlofoollon.





Gonrhault’s

Gausllc Balsam





"rM





llas Imlltiors But llo compo liars.

A Safe, Speedy and Positive Cure for

Curb, B lint. Sweenyf Cop ed Hook,





Straine Tendons, oun or, Wind

Pufl'l, and all lameness from Spovin,

Ringbono and other bon tumors.

cures all skin diseasel or arasitel.

Thrush, Diphtheria. Remove: all

Bunches from Horse: or Cattle.



A: o Human Remod for Rheumn '



3 rain, Sore Throat, {3th it is invalutgh'l‘ia'.



giver-y bottle of Caustic Balsam sold is



Wax-ranted to vo satisfaction. Price $1,50



per bottle. 801 by druggists or sent by ex-



ress, charges paid with full directions for

to use. G'Send or descriptive circulars,

testimonials, oto. Address -





the Lawrence-Williams 00.,0lovoland, 0.





APPLETON





,woon snws





Make money from wood

~ ' 4 , this winter. The portable

‘ _, rig (below) can cam its

. cost. plus I big profit, in

.. one season; and the

whole outfit is made to

stand yon" of hard service.

Mounting: strongest oak or steel, mortised.

bolted and firmly braced Best steel wheels.

staggered spokes Saw frame, heavy angle

steel bars,bolted and rigidly braced;equlpped

with tiltin table. Saw blade 20 to 30 inch.

Appleton ngines deliver full rated 11. p.with

least use of fuel; and wear ioryenrs. Sizes 1%

to 22 h. p. (4 to 10 h. p. for outfit below.)





Porto





 





 





 

 

 





 





 





Send forfree cata-

logs showing 10

- Ityleo of Appleton

Wood Bows and fulillne of Engines, Grinders.eto.

Appleton Mfg. Co. 620 Fargo 89.. Bohvio. Ill.





 





Sorghum Molasses, 6 101b.‘ pails to

huh“ Fun to $4.00 rcr to re i; re id.

Write for sample? hanging: hav‘ggffio,mxy.





Government Farm": Wanted .1?” $313.” ”1%"-

Write. onions. 1’: feet. 133.13.“ E





 





 





' ‘ ' Garget





WEEK seldom passes that the

writer'does not receive several

lengthy letters pertaining to ud-

der ailments in cows, and to answer

each one fully through the veterinary

column, would require altogether too

much space; furthermore, it would be

uninteresting to readers to fill up the

column with the same questions and

answers fifty-two times a year. ‘ Now,

this article is written with a view of

satisfying our readers regarding the

causes, symptoms and treatment of

garget, a term which is Commonly

used by dairymen in describing nu-

merous udder ailments.





Causes are Various.



Garget is really congestion of the

udder, an ailment which many heavy

milking cows are heir to, both before

and after calving; preceding calving

the mammary gland is enlarged, hot

and tender; furthermore, there is of-

ten more or less swelling and often-

times a slight exudition or pasty swell-

ing extending from the bag along low-

er portion of belly. In all deep milk-

ers, this is to be expected and usually

occurs a few days before calving. This

congested condition and breaking up

of the bag is hastened by the sucking

of a hungry calf, on account of the

kneading it gives the udder with its

nose. The same good work can be ac.

complished by gentle hand-rubbing

and careful milking. The condition

of the bag is greatly improved by rub-

bing in some lanolin, (wool fat), with

some belladonna or fluid extract of

phytolacca or camphor added. How-

ever, it is well to understand that this

congested condition of the udder can

be greatly aggravated by removing a

cow from a comfortable warm stable

and exposing her to a cold, bleak, raw

wind or cold rain storms; or. if the

milker neglects to do his work prop-

erly. It is also very important to bed

a cow liberally both before and after

calving for if this is not done she is

apt to buise her bag, giving rise to

future udder trouble. Congestion of

the udder, if not relieved promptly is

very apt to merge into an active in-

flammation and it is not unusual to

have it follow exposure. An injury

to the udder, such as a blow from the

kick of a horse, or the horn of another

cow, or striking her with a club, or

kicking her, or a puncture by a nail

or snag, is almost sure to produce

congestion and inflammation. An op-

en wound in udder is quite apt to be-

come infected unless promptly and

properly treated. Sudden changes of

weather from hot to cold seem to be

a common cause of congested udders.

The cow lying down on cold, frozen,

uneven ground, is another quite com-

mon cause. Stepping over logs, rails,

out of ditches or over doorsills or fall-

ing and bruising udder are also com-

mon causes.



Another very common cause, over-

feeding cows on rich albuminous food

shortly before and after calving, is

quite likely to produce some udder

trouble. Failure to milk cows clean

appears to be another quite common

cause. This ailment frequently fol.

lows indigestion or other constitution-

al disturbance.



The Symptoms.



Now, regarding the symptoms, it is

astonishing how they vary in different

cases. If brought on by exposure we

usually have considerable shivering.

The coat is staring, horns cold, ears,

tail and legs usually cold. The symp-

toms are usually followed by a sort

of heat reaction and the gland invar-

iably swells. One or more of the quar~

ters of udder may be affected. The

muzzle is usually hot and dry, the

heart action increases and the temper-

ature is elevated. Respirations are

usually quickened, appetite more or





 





less impaired, bowels usually costive,





 





 





 





more or less suppression of urine and

much less milk in quarter affected. In

mild cases some of the early symp-





 





toms may be overlooked and the first





 





one. 18. 1915.





sign a deranged condition of the ud-

der is discovered. You will also no-

tice that the cow invariably lies down

on the well side. Now, when an in-

flammation occurs from infection on-

tering by the teat, you will find a

more localized hard swelling in the

interior part of the udder. The exter-

nal portion of udder is less affected

Of course, in all cases the milk is sup

pressed and replaced by a: watery

fluid, tinged with blood and clotted

casein, but these symptoms are

most marked in udder infection. Lat-

er on the discharge becomes white

and gives off a rather offensive odor.

In no two cases do we see the disease

take exactly the same course, some-

times it is rapid, other times slow.

Very ‘often the inflammation appears

to subside, the bag softens, becoming

less tender, and takes on an appar-

ently healthy condition without much

being done. However, the longer: the

inflammatory hardness of the bag con-

tinues, the less hope you must have

of a complete recovery. When a. por-

tion of the bag fails to be restored to

a. normal condition, it usually atro-

phies, growing smaller and, of course,

fails to secrete milk. It is very com-

mon to find a great portion of the in-

flammatory product seemingly remain-

ing in the gland, developing into a

solid fibrous mass, causing a perma-

nent hardening, but in other cases

this product of inflammation softens

and comes away in the form of a

white pus. This abscess in some ca..-

es makes its way to the surface and

pus escapes externally, or, of course,

it may burst into a milk duct and be

discharged through the teat canal. In

some cases it breaks into both, form-

ing a sort of fistula. Now, in the worst

types of the disease, gangrene may

ensue and either one quarter or more

may lose its vitality and slough out or

have to be removed. Now, I might

say that this gangrenous condition is

usually the result of infection.





The Treatment.



Now, regarding the treatment, you

will readily understand that this must

vary with the type and stage of the

disease. If you notice the cow shiver-

ing, give her copious drinks of warm

water or black coffee, and it is invar-

iably necessary to drench her. Furth-

ermore, warm injections have a splen~

did effect; also, apply heat to surface

of body. _ It is also good practice to

give half an ounce of fluid extract of

ginger, 8. pint of liquor in a quart of

warm water, and if necessary repeat

in an hour or two. Friction applied

to the extremities and surface of the

body has a splendid effect. If the ud-

der is not hot or inflamed, apply one

part iodine and twenty-five parts lard

with gentle hand-rubbing, and milk

her four or five times a day with gen-

tleness, squeezing the teat, instead of

pulling it, and if necessary use a milk-

ing tube, or a spring teat dilator. In<

jecting antiseptic, weak iodine solu-

tions into the teat and udder has a

very good effect, but this should be

done with care. In cases where there

is much fever, give a cathartic and

about the least expensive is a pound

or two of epsom salt and an ounce of

ginger, .given in three or four pints of

tepid water. After purging ceases,

give half ounce doses of powdered

nitrate of potash night and morning

and apply hot fomentations to udder

quite frequently, or dissolve a quarter

of a pound of acetate of lead in a gal-

lon of cold water and apply this occa-

sionally. ,When the udder is in an in-

flamed state, I have thought that sus-

pending it slightly with a four-tail

bandage relieved the bag and assisted

in bringing about a recovery. A sheet

with four holes cut in it for the teats

to protrude can be used to advantage

in steaming the udder, but, of course,

it is necessary to place a few cloths

or sponges between sheet and bag and

occasionally wet them with warm wa—

ter. After taking off this packing,

dry and gently hand-rub, then apply

olive oil. In these cases where there



(Continued on page 654).
DEC.18,1915. “THE MICHIGAN FARMER ' 9—553





FORTY Horse Power

7passenger FOUR





i885.





 





WINTER MANAGEMENT'OF WORK

HORSES.





 





mind in onne ion with the wintering



of farm h is, are the horses being



properly wintered in such a manner



that they will come out in the spring



in proper condition to take up the



season’s work and perform steady,



every-day service? Those farmers



who have learned that it pays to keep



' their work horses in good health dur-



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imals will be in prime condition to go



‘ into the spring work without suffering



any serious effects, have learned the



true secret of wintering their horses



most economically, while those men



Who compel their animals to rough it



through so that spring finds them



long-haired and run down in flesh,



have yet to learn this secret. Feed



’ ' will be saved by the latter method of



- wintering horses, but it is costly econ-

omy to save feed in this way.





The feed of the horses that are

worked more or less regularly through-

out the winter should be governed by

the amount of work done, and there-

fore their management will not differ

greatly from that of other seasons.

During periods of idleness the good

manager will naturally cut down the



. rations of his horses and he will al-

low them to secure some exercise on



all idle days. Idle horses, however,



call for skillful management, particu- w "5‘





i larly in regard to their feed. What is





needed by this class of animals is a , O O ’ ‘



good maintenance ration, a ration con- e . I '5 3' can t c 'm

taining sufficient nutrients to rebuild .

the tissues of the body as fast as they « ‘ . . . . .



are broken down by the everyday ac- Or show us the hill that you THINK It can’t climb—and we’ll give

tivmes of the vital organs, This can . you the best demonstration of hill-climbing that you ever witnessed.





be accompliShed only by regular and This Studebaker 4-cylinder car is the MOST POWERFUL car on





careful feeding on a good allowance . . . _

of clean, palatable hay and a fair the market at its price. With its motor INCREASED from 31/2 x 5





 

 

 





The iiqilorta t part to be borne in





 





 





 





l‘ quantity of grain. Some bright straw to 3784110}! bore x 5-inch stroke, it develops and delivers FORTY

and fodder may be given along with Horse Power. And it is the ONLY 7-passenger, 4-cylinder car with

the hay, but the animals should not a 378 x 5, FORTY Horse Power motor that has ever beenoffered

be confined to straw and fodder 310P9- in America or Europe at less than $1,000. »

From 10 to 15 pounds of hay, or its . . .

equivalent in other forage feeds is Ofviilpg to the high locationt :f the carburetor, tbs 6-iglch intake and the scientific design

. . . _ s passages, i is e snappiest, most exi e 4~cylinder motor that you ever

enough when given With a grain ra 3 e E? POWER . .. . .

tion of from six to eight pounds per rove. n .and fleXIblllty it equals most Sixes on the market.

day; three ears of corn three times 3. But POWER alone is not the only reason that it standssupreme in the 4-cylinder market.

da alon with a small quantity of . Studebaker has seta new standard of VALUE for Fours. For while the price has been

y, g . _ reduced from $985 to $885, nothing but the price has been decreased. In POWER, size

oats or bran, IS a large enough grain and quality the car has been greatly INCREASED. And wherever materials were Four Cylinder Models

ration for idle horses. Of course, If changed, BETTER materials were used, as for example, in the upholstery which is 1- - C 7 $885

the horses are exposed to the rigors the finest, hand-buffed, semi-glazed leather. R2233: :La;f:;;::ge: 850

: of Winter. without comfortable shelter From any angle—POWER, hill-climbing, performance on the roads, size, riding- Landau-Roadster, 3-PIIO- "35

,t more grain Will be required than oth- comforts or quality—this Studebaker FOUR stands in a class of its own—the GREAT .

i erwise. But shelter is always cheaper value of the year. And knowing what that. name of Studebaker stands for—knowing Commercial Cars

reed. :2:..::r:,z:s..“:s assists 2:: this. $2.5m? new: and games" - - *8"

‘ . . _ up i you now is a es an en 1: res; ar - - 850

Mal es in foal need to be Winter ed best Studebaker. See it at your dealer’s—and write for 1916 Catalog at once! Station wagon . . . 875





much as the work horses, even though





they themselves are not performing Six Cylinder Models



much work. Good nourishing food is Toufingc” 7-passenger31050

demanded at all times. The mares o o o Rogdgter, 3-.passenger . 1000

may be worked at light work if neces- SOUth Bend, Ind' D etrmt’ Mmh' Walkervflle, Ont. Landau-Roadster, 3-pau. 1350





 





' ‘ sary. and nothing but good results will Address all correspondence ‘0 Detroit—Dept.F-3. Eouperfl-szuenger - - £333

follow. They should be well shod, More than 200,000 Studebaker Cars now In use W“: Jamar: -





however, when taken out on slippery

roads, but this applies to all horses

that are being worked.





As exercise is very essential to good

*‘ health, the good manager will allow

all his horses freedom of a large lot

or field every pleasant day. Even on

~ comparatively stormy days, when rain

or snow is net falling, a few hours

in the open air will be profitable. It

pays to provide comfortable quarters

for all the horses and colts during

winter weather, though they need not

be confined unnecessarily to their

stalls in the daytime. But it is best

to keep them up every night. A sep-

arate stall for each. horse, and espe-

cially in the case of mares in foal, is

preferable, then there is no danger of

one animal inflicting injuries on an-

other.



Use bedding in the stalls liberally,

as floors are always cold and uncom-

fortable without it. The bedding helps

to keep the animals clean, and it

makes the manure more valuable, as back guarantee. Send {or booklet.





0 o l WM . I I P . P

it absorbs the liquids. The straw or LEARN AUCTIONEERING :3 £5.32 $333331, WANTED—AN IDEA.Wh°MnthlnkoMmple It! Phillipa. Bo: 126 may o.





poor hay .which is used for bedding grid begome findgpgfidegt with no capital invested. m a the a, brin'tgflngggfgwgrfgtggg CU“. BEANS FUR FEED. $5“: 22.322132.“

0 i r 88 m n . .

will pay for itself in the increased val- fifiégofig?¥{r§%§8aiégm ”W“ i“ 5 '°°"°' 733%.?“ {nvenitlops’i T1350 131'! go :06 doniair‘izt‘fi'vf Yoummmnown seen 00.. Owosso, Mich.

' 0 or Aucrromnnamc an our one -' -- .

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DEERFIELD, WIS. ‘ today.





 

 

 

 

 

 





   

   

 





 

 

 

 





Farmers pay for their land with one year's crop

and prosperity was never so great.





 

 





 

 

 

 





   





Regarding Western Canada as a grain producer, a prom-

inent business man says: "Canada’s position today is

sounderthan ever. There is more wheat, more oats, more

grain for feed, 20% more cattle than last year and more

hogs. The war market in Europe needs our surplus. As

for the wheat crop, it is marvelous and a monument of

strength for business confidence to build upon, exceeding the most optimistic predictions.”

Wheat averaged in 1915 over 25 bushels per acre

Oats averaged In 1915 over 45 bushels per acre

Barley averaged in 1915 over 40 bushels per acre

Prices are high. markets convenient, excellent land low in dprice either improved or other-

Wise, ranging from $12 to $30_ per acre. Free homestea lands are plentiful and not far

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There in no war tax on land, nor is there any conscription. For complete information

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pamphlet, address





DI'ICB





 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

   

 

 





 





   





 





 





 





rr PAYS“ To nnnomi





Dehomcd cows give more milk; take

less room: are gentleand easily handled.

Dchorned steers fatten quicker and

are not dangerous. Horns cost

money; remove them with the new





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quickest. cleanest. strongest and most

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cut; no crushing; no bruising, Money





 

   

   

   

 

 





M. V. McINNES,





I78 Jefferson Ave.. Detroit, Mich.

- ' - ‘ .7 ‘---— new Canadian Government. Agent.
554—10 THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





 

 





.‘DEC."18. 1915.





Why Do Dairy Cows Run-DOW? ' Wintei‘ Dairying Profi on;





CERTAINLY feel mighty cheap





 





 





 





 





—

No other farm animal is the cause of so much anxiety to the :baitirgmmsfief $12,233:, 3:2:

owner as his dairy cows; Sickness gets in in Spite of the best two-week winter creamery voucher.

’ Because the dairy cow is subjected to It was. for only ”2' This farmer was

Why? constant forcing to get the maximum in receivmg $1.90 for his milk, was feed-

' quantity and quality of the milk yield. ing over 20 cows, and they had polite-



' ly fizzled out when feed was most



scarce and highest priced. He ought

to have been receiving his best checks

right now, for prices were highest.

This kind of farm business does not

pay. Have a winter dairy. This farm-

er was receiving $1.15 for his summer

milk and as high as $2.25 for his win-

ter milk, but he was doing all his

hard 'work along with the regular

crop work, and laying around doing

very little when milk prices were the

best. He was running a dairy board-





This constant strain

proves too much for

many a good cow;

. some important

function becomes impaired and for want of proper

medical assistance she becomes a “backward" cow.

In just such cases as these Kow-Kure has made its

reputation for success when used to





Raise the Health Standard in; '1 '





of the herd. Kow—Knre is a medicine for cows

only—not a stock food It has wonderful

medicinal qualities that act on the organs of

production and reproduction for the preven-

tion or cure of many serious cow

ailments. It is especially useful in

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Fever, Scouting, Lost Appetite,

Bunches, Retained Afterbirth, etc.

Farmers who have used it keep Kow-

Kure on hand constantly. Most feed ‘

dealers and druggists sell it.





Sold in 50c and $1.00 Packages





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

   

 

   

   

   

 

 





 





 





cheapest and most available, and was

very plainly losing money every day.

Suppose this farmer’s cows ‘had

been giving but 25 or 30 pounds each.

His returns would have run over $250

per month. Practical business farm-

ers claim that a cow which will yield

only 3,000 pounds of milk during the

season following spring freshening,

will do better than 4,000 pounds by

freshening in the fall. But the condi—

tions must be right. Most dairymen

contend that they can produce milk

more economically in the winter than

in the summer. ‘Winter milk demands

silage and concentrates, and the silo

is sure to pay Whether used for meat

or milk. In the winter your cows are

not troubled with flies; and being

placed in a comfortable, well ventilat-

ed stable, are more comfortable than

when rummaging about in the burnt-

out pasture. In winter the farmer

will have more time to devote to his

herd, will more carefully feed, weigh

.and test the cows, and so get on the

lway to an improved herd.

lCows Fall Freshened Most Profitable.

3 From all views of the case, fall

ffreshening of dairy cows pays. There

Eare a good many reasons for this.

EProbably the first and foremost is

that it is from 10 to 20 per cent more

profitable than to have all the cows

calve in the spring. This is accounted

for on the ground that the cows will

yield their maximum production at

the season of highest prices, under

this type of management. It is true





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I The labor problem is a great one on

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I





The Feed that comes to you with an absolute guarantee. The Food that is a. : ty The COWS commence to come fresh





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Karlielc‘t balanced'lrgtirip. t’ll‘lhrz Friafid tlgatt’ not only will makbe :noirlel inilk gut finite

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alr’ milkififigkrne isms shatnmi llltbebelgmedtikg“§afedt{:itrst {sisal}??? Feed just about the time that the heavy

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on their summer vacation.



Fall Calves Make Better Cows.



The calves dropped in the fall are

raised easier and make better cows

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is no more important part of the dairy

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‘ months. This gives the farmer an op-

.portunity- to devote more attention to





 





 





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J.. p ..__.____.__-.-....-_._.__.T. __.,_.. m.

’ Cow Waters Herself '

.0 -— 47. "We ll

. "metastases..."- 7"“.

t traumas. N“ - "°





 





an



‘ Max:363." “0;: ”Km oomteed



today. A133,?! W30. 9,}: W



c.o.uoo°E'9€o.. “Wong'mwu:



When Writing to Advefilsers Please

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ing farm at a season when help was





his calves than is possible in the

spring. Besides this it is a far easier

matter to prevent such disastrous dis.

cases as scours and other digestive

troubles among the young heifers dur-

ing the cool weather, because we are

better able to supply a uniform qual-

ity of skim-milk and thus combat all

forms of disease-producing germs. The

calves may be carried through the

winter on a skim-milk. grain and clo-

ver hay ration and be ready to be

turned on the grass in the spring.

New York. EARL W. GAGE.





GARGET.





 





(Continued from page 552).



is much pain it is a good plan to-add

some extract of belladonna to the oil

or wool fat that you apply. Another

very good application is made by mix-

ing one part fluid extract phtyolacca,

one part fluid extract belladonna and

eight parts wool fat, or olive oil. In

some cases an abscess forms and

whenever the swelling fluctuates on

pressure, it should be opened, but of

course this should be done carefully

for fear of opening a milk duct. In

most cases the wound bleeds some,

but this does little harm. It is well to

keep in mind that if gangrene affects

the parts, the case is quite apt to

prove fatal; however, if thegcase has

been treated promptly and intelligent-

ly, avoiding infection, it does not

often occur. The proper surgical work

done early enough has a good effect

in warding off a fatal termination:

therefore, whenever you believe that

the udder is infected and pus is form-

ing it should be allowed to escape. As

stated above, when the gland ducts

and follicles of udder are attacked,

causing a hard, deep—seated swelling,

it is usually the result of infection

which is a contagious ailment. Now,

then, here is where a great deal of

mischief can be innocently done by

the milker carrying the infection from

a diseased cow to other well ones and

in this way it is possible to infect a

whole dairy of milking cows. The

dry cows in same stable usually es-

cape this infection which is very good

evidence of how the contagion is

spread. The formation of pus should

be a very good hint of the presence of

contagious mammitis infection. Vet-

erinarians are pretty well agreed that

contagious mammitis is not a single

affection, but a group of diseases

which attack the udder. Dairyrnen

should endeavor to prevent the spread

of this infection and I advise in pur-

chasing new COWS to ascertain that

the herd they come from are cows

that have sound teats and udders. If

you have any suspicion of a. new cow

or even one of your dairy, she should

be removed from the others and eith-

er milked last or milked by someone

who does not milk any of your other

dairy cows. It is needless perhaps,

for me to say that she should be kept

in a thoroughly clean and properly

disinfected stall or stable, and if tak~

en out of your dairy, disinfect her

stall before you place another cow in

it. If a cow in your herd has a teat

with sore end, and it is rather hard

and tender, mark her as suspicious

and apply iodoform to sore or touch

it with some tincture of iodine. One

part carbolic acid and twenty parts

water is another very good applica-

tion, but what should be done to pre-

vent the disease working up into teat

and udder? And here I might remind

you to be careful and not use a milk-

ing tube, unless it is absolutely nec-

essary. A safe plan is to wash the

teats of your other cows with corro-

sive sublimate and water; ten or

twelve grains to a gallon. I have al-

ways thought that good results fob

lowed giving one-half ounce doses- of

hyposulphite of soda once or twice a

day to a cow suffering from an infect-

ed udder. W. C. FAIR, V. S.
~DEC. 18, 1915. ,





L-ILLIE FA'RMSTEAD DAIRY

NOTES.





 





One important factor in dairy suc-

cess is sometimes overlooked by the

man who has the investment in dairy-

ing. Sometimes this factor is under-

stood, but the owner is powerless to

prevent‘ the loss occasioned by its

non-observance. The factor is cow

contentment, and cow affection for

her surroundings and for the herds-

man or man who has immediate

charge of her welfare. A cow is more

than a mere machine. She is a liv-

ing machine, with intellect and affec-

tion. This affection must be satisfied

or the cow will not produce to her full

capacity.



Take a splendid dairy cow, of what-

ever breed you will, feed her the best

of foods and with a liberal hand, yet

to do her best she must have some-

thing more. She must have content-

ment and to get this her cow affec-

tion must be satisfied. The affection

of a cow is simple and can be easily

satisfied by the man who likes her

and who gives her the proper atten-

tion at the proper time.



Name the Cows.



Cows should all have names and

they should know their names. To

know their names they must be talk-

ed to by the caretaker so they become

familiar with them. They should be

taught to take their proper stalls, etc.,

not by using whips but by talking to

them. They will soon understand.

Now the manner of talking has much

to do with the cow liking her attend-

ant. This rule applies to animals

higher up in the scale of intelligence

as well.



By talking kindly to the cows they

soon will try to do as directed. Of

course, they can be taught to do

things, made to do them, without talk-

ing to them in a kind and friendly

voice. But that kind of talk does not

satisfy the cow’s affection. She is

compelled to do things from fear,

rather than from a desire to please

her attendant. Perhaps some may

think a cow is not intelligent enough

to appreciate a kind voice, but she is.



I like to hear a man talk to the

cows when he drives them to and

from the pasture, calling them by

name. I want him to act as if he was

on the best of terms with each and

every one of them. Sometimes he

must be firm, but he can be firm and

kind just as well as to be firm and

cruel.



In dairy farming the cows can not

and should not be separated from the

farm business; they are a part of it.

The farm is operated for the cows.

primarily, but in some instances the

cows seem necessary to keep the farm

out of a bad proposition. You often

feed by-products to cows that would

otherwise go to waste. The cows can

buy these by—products and give them a

market value sufficient to pull the

farm out of a hole. Sometimes the

hay crop is practically made unmar-

ketable from wet weather. The hay

is so discolored that no one would

buy it, yet the cows will eat it and

give it a value almost, if not quite, as

great as the market value of prime

hay. In such cases the cows seem to

be operated for the farm instead of

the farm being operated for the cow.



Poor pastures should be top-dressed

with stable manure or commercial fer-

tilizers, if you haven’t the manure.

Both fertilizer and manure make the

best dressing. Poor pastures are very

expensive feed. We can not make

very much money dairying with poor

pasture for feed. Good Pasture on

rough land makes cheap feed, es-

pecially at the present price of labor.



Corn silage and pea vine silage, with

clover hay, surely is cheaper feed than

pasture, even adding in the cost of

labor, at present prices. Fully one-

half of the grass is wasted in pastur-

ing, by the tramping of the cattle and

the soiling from the droppings, both





liquid and solid. Only rough land that





THE MICHI





cannot be tilled can be pastured to,

any advantage. There is another ques-

tion to consider and that is the health

of the animals. Especially is this true

of young growing animals. In the fu-

ture, we are going to take care of that

by providing smaller pastures and

then supplementing the pasture with

alfalfa hay. Why can not large racks,

large enough to hold a load of hay, be

provided? Have these with covers so

the hay can not get wet, and keep hay

in there all the time. Let the cattle

eat what hay they need in addition to

the pasture. These racks could be

moved about in the pastures to prop-

erly distribute the droppings of the

cattle and also the waste from the

racks. I propose to try this system in

the not distant future.





CALVES 0N SKIM-MILK.





 





Two lots of four calves each, one

fed whole milk and the other skim-

milk and boiled flax seed, were used

in an experiment recently conducted

at the North Dakota Experiment Sta-

tion. The experiment was undertaken

to determine how well dairy calves

could be grown on skim-milk. The

first three weeks both lots were fed

whole milk. From then on, Lot No. 1

was fed eight pounds of whole milk and

eight pounds of skim—milk daily, while

Lot. No. 2 was given 16 pounds of

skim-milk and one pound of boiled

flax seed, which replaced the fat tak—

en out in the cream. During the first

three months Lot No. 1 made some-

what larger gains and looked a little

more thrifty, but during the next three

months, Lot No. 2 caught up. At six

months several experienced dairy cat-

tle breeders pronounced the calves in

Lot No. 2 equal to those in Lot 1 in

individual merit and dairy develop-

ment. When the calves were five

weeks old they were also fed clover

hay and a grain ration made up of

equal parts of whole oats and bran.

To this was added one-tenth by weight

of linseed meal. It cost $19 less per





Cleaned I)“

in aJiffq ‘





11*555





(”r-m





GAN FARMER





 





 

   





NO matter how carefully cleaned, separ -

tors with complicated, hard-to-get-at skim-

ming bowls are bound to collect impurities

which taint the cream and make it unfit for the high-

est grade butter. Countless dairy farmers—every-

where—choose the SANITARY MILWAUKEE

because it turns out better, cleaner, more mar-

ketable cream, due to the ease with which it can be kept in

wholesome condition. The bowl can be taken apart with

ease—the smooth, non—rusting, interchangeable aluminum

discs removed in a“jiffy,” thoroughly washed in hot water,

dried and they’re ready for the next skimming.

The women like the MILWAUKEE -—-it’s so

easy to operate and clean.





02" SAN/MRYé '

CRBQM SEPARA 70/?





Has quality built right into every part, from Supply can to base.

Gears are all enclosed—fully protected from dust and dirt.

Simple, positive clutch and many other exclusive features.

Each separator is tested with whole milk before it leaves

our factory. You get two-fold protection—a signed cer-

tificate of this test and 5-year, iron clad guarantee.



,Our illustrated catalogue and name of MILWAUKEE





dealer nearest you. are yours for the asking”





Milwaukee Separator Mfg. Co.,





243 Madison Street Milwaukee, Wis.





 

   

   

   

 

 





 





 

 

   

 

   

 

 





 





   





 





 

 

   

   

   

   

 





 





   

 





 





 





head to feed the skim-milk calves than

those fed half whole milk, to the age

of six months.





 





BEST GRAIN RATION WITI-I CLO-

VER HAY AND SILAGE.





 





Could you give me a good balanced

ration for my cows? I have clover

hay and ensilage. My corn got frost-

ed before I cut it so it is not just

what it ought to be. I can grind oats

and I can buy beet pulp at $24 a ton,

wheat bran at $28 per ton, and lin-

seed meal at $2.50 per cwt. Please

figure a balanced ration out of these

feeds. I am selling butter at 28c a

pound and my cows are graded Hol-

steins. How is the best way to feed

beet puly, wet or dry? A. D.





Feed all the clover hay and corn

silage the cows will eat twice a day

without waste.



With oats at present prices compar-

ed with other concentrates, we can

afford to feed them. I don’t think you

could get any better grain ration than

ground oats and wheat bran, and by

mixing them equal parts, you would

have a good balanced ration with

your clover hay and corn silage. If

you have plenty of oats or can get

them, I would advise them.



However, you can get a good ration

out of oats, beet pulp and oil meal.

Feed as many pounds of beet pulp as

you do ground oats, then feed each

cow two pounds of oil meal a day. As

you have ensilage for a succulent

feed, it is just as well to feed the beet

pulp dry to cows.



A good feeding rule is to feed one

pound of grain for every four pounds

of milk if the milk tests less than

four per cent. If it tests more than

four per cent, feed one pound of grain

for every three pounds of milk pro-

duced. Suppose a cow gives 35 pounds

of three and a half per cent milk, then

give her nine pounds of ground oats

and bran, or give her two pounds of

oil meal, five and a half pounds of

beet pulp and three and a half pounds

of ground oats. ‘





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





Settle the

Silo Question





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Company





 

 





Natco Silo Wall.

Note perforated shell,

providing firm anchon

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1115 Fulton sanding)“

Pittsburgh - - Pa.

23 Factorz'cr—Prampt $1"?ch





 

 





 





   





 





6 O O O iiiiéirif’éi





In Profit-Sharing Contract

on Early in Year Pnrohnee.





TILE STAVE!





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m AMERICAN

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artisans .3222: 3333’:





obtain our handsome free catalog Address





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a" FOR DAIRY .cows fill





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Absolutely free from adulterants and fillers, just like

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1...... a... mi“ AGENTS WANTED





 





to represent a reliable concern can-

vassing among farmers in your own

neighborhood or elsewhere. No expe-

rience necessary. Liberal pay, and '

supplies furnished free to right part-

ies. Reference required. Address,





lIlIEIIIISEII. clIIE IIIE ’lIIiIIIBlII FlIIIIEII,

. Detroit, Michigan





   





SEND for FREE BOOK





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Write today tor Book of Silo Pam.





j 2mg) are:

' 9'
556—12





THE .MICHIGAN FARMER





DEC.__18. 1915.





 





 





.J.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





name





 





 





Visitors to the Goodyear

factories are always

impressed with a framed

sign which confronts

them at every turn.





= In every room in every





Goodyear building, they

encounter the same

message: Protect our

good name.





It hangs on the walls of all

the Goodyear branches

throughout the country,

and is being adopted by

tire dealers everywhere

as an expression of the

spirit in which their

business is conducted.



We believe that the public

will be interested in the

analysis of this simple



- but striking sentiment

which is published here-

with.





The Goodyear Tire

& Rubber Co.

Akron. Ohio





President





sweat,





 





 





 





TRIPPED to the



waist, his huge torso

streaming with

a W o r k m a n

swings the heavy iron core

to an iron table, and

wrenches off a tire which

has just come steaming

from the heater.





His eye. falls on the legend

over his head, and he

smiles.





Our good name is also his





, good name.





The two are intertwined.





He will protect the one,

while he subserves the

other.





His thoughts are—as they

should be—chiefiy of him-ea

self, of his little home, and

of his family.





Their good name, his good

name, our good name—his

good work will stand

guard over them all.



a: * a:





Two. thousand miles away

—in Seattle, we will say-—

the same thought, in the

same simple words.





An irritating moment has

arrived—the temptation to

speak sharply to a cus-

tomer, to fling a slur at

unworthy competition.





The salesman, or the man-

ager, or whosoever it may

be, looks up, and the quiet

admonition meets his eye.





Protect our good name.





In a twinkling it smooths

the wrinkles out of his

point of view.





He is himself again—a

man with a responsibility

which he could not escape

if he would; and would

not, if he could.



a: a: a:





Back two thousand miles





again to the factories—

this time to the experi-

mental room.





An alluring chance to save

—to make more profit by

skimping, by substitution.





No one will ever know. .





But—the silent monitor

repeats its impressive ad-

monition:





Protect our good name.





What chance to compro-

mise with conscience in

the presence of that vigi-

lant guardian?



* a: :1:





Thousands of men striving

to keep a name clean.





And keeping their own

names clean in the process.





***





We Americans, it is said,

make a god out of busi-

ness.





Let the slur stand.





Whether it be true or not

—it is true that business is

our very life.





Shall it be a reproach to

us that we try to make

business as good as busi-

ness can be made?

:1: a: :1:



Think of this business,

please, in the light of its

great animating thought:





“Protect our good name.”





We are thinking of you,

always, when we say it—

you American millions,

and you other millions in

the old world.



We think of you judging

us, judging us—by what

we are, by what we do, by

what we make.





We think of tens of thou-

sands of homes in which

our name can be made to





stand for that which is

worthy and worth while.





We must not lose your

good Will—we must not

tarnish our good name.



a: a: a:





You can call that anything

you like.





You can call it business, or

sentiment, or idealism, or

nonsense.



It may be all of these.



It may even be that which

ou r national critics call

making a god of business.





But at least it gives to us a

motive that is bigger and

broader and deeper than

money.





It makes thousands of men

happier in their work and

more faithful to it.





It has made of this busi-

ness a democracy of united

thought—a democracy of

common endeavor—a de-

mocracy of purpose and

principle.



a: at. :1:





And here is the oddest

thing of all :—





The more we live up to

this “impractical” ideal,

the greater the business

grows.





The more we labor for

the future, the more we

profit in the present.





The more we strive for

character, the greater the

reward in money.





The more we put into

our product, the more we

take out in sales.





Perhaps, after all, there is

more than one sense in

which it is good to make

a god out of business.





We think so. 1

And we think you think so.





 flamm.





The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co.
'Magazine Section





 





LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?

INFORMATION





 





 





 





 





 





‘ I /

@llfigf‘gfifl/LEKLK





 





 

 

 

 

 





 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 





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STAB





 

 





 





 





The FARM BOY



an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL J





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





This Magazine Section formsapart of our paper every week. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





 





 





 





VER since we were big enough to

E set a trap, Skinny Williams and



I had been trying to catch Scar-

lip, the sly old fox that has levied

tribute on every chicken roost around

Vestal Centre. He was too crafty for

us, however, and although we often

caught a glimpse of him trotting along

the top of a distant ridge, he would

never come near one of our traps. He

sure did like chicken meat, and with

each successive raid he became more

bold and crafty, until at last he was

the terror of every poultry raiser for

miles around. Several years ago the





lllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllillllll'illlllllllillllllllllllllIllllllllllll[lillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllIlllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllil





Beating the Blizzard





By K. T. HOWARD.





Farmers’ Grange offered a reward of

twenty dollars to anyone who would

bring in his pelt, but year after year

went by without the reward being

claimed, and some of the best fox

hunters in the country had matched

their wits against the old rascal, but

without any luck.



The day after‘last Christmas Skinny

came rushing over to my house, near-





ly bursting with excitement. His fath-

er had given him a dandy twenty-two

caliber repeater, and before he left,

we had planned a big hunting expedi-

tion for the next day.



“There’s a fine tracking snow,” he

said, “and if we can pick up the trail

of that fox, we’ll follow it until the

cows come home. This rifle is sighted

up to 200 yards, and if we have any





kind of luck, we should be able to

sneak up that close to him.



So next morning we started out

bright and early, taking plenty of grub

and our ponchos, as we knew it would

be late when we got back. Luck was

with us from the start, for as we were

passing the Harris farm, we met their

hired man, and he told us Scarlip had

been after their chickens the night

before. Killed three fine Plymouth

Rocks, the best layers in the whole

flock, and the old man was so mad he

offered us five dollars if we brought

back that fox pelt. But we didn’t





lllfllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillilllllllilllllill





WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES





 





 





 





British Monitor with Single 15~inch

Gun Bombarding Belgian -Coast. .





 





 





Japan’s Leading Financier Urges U.

S. to Start Move for Peace.





 





 





President Wilson Delighted with the

Army and NaVy Football Game.





 





 





 





 





 





 





Main Street of Bagdad near which City Desperate Fighting has Recently,

Occured Between the British and the Turks.

Confl'ilht by Undanmod it Underwood. N. l





 





‘ run we"





Serbians Destroyed Bridge Across the

Save as Austro-Germans Advance.





 





 





 





 





Mrs. Snowden, of England, whose Ef-

forts for Peace Attract Attention.





 





 





Mr. and Mrs. Henry Ford Aboard the

“Oscar ll” Before Sailing. '
(Start Now With





JAMIES





Barn Equipment





Y OU need JAMES servme 1n buildmg

a new barn, in remodeling the old

gun or in equipping either one. James

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There is only one standari ofJAMES quality—

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If you are not ready for com lete feature-

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The JAMES line includes Stalls, Stanchlons,

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Tell us how many cows you have —when you ex-

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interested in Stalls. Stauchions. Pcus,etc.. and





Get the JAJIES catalog

James Manufacturlng Co.

B. IL3| Geno Street,





Fl. Atkinson. Wisconsin





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





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1217-1267 Lock St.. Cincinnati, Ohio

Wufll's lll'IIII Manufacturers 01 mo Metal Products.





BIGGER GBDPS Alli] DBAINABE

[ill HAND IN HAND





The secret of bigger and better crops lies

in putting the soil’s plant food in the most

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American Sewer Pipe Co.,

200 St. James St... Jackson; Mich.





(:0 RN FOR SALE





We offer for sale over 100, 000 bushels good, sound

clean-(dishu k,ed awrted room. We alsouhi incar-

lo adshipments oats direct from our forms. rite fm





 





 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





THE MICHIGAN .FAR‘MER





need any inducements—we had a

score of'our own to pay off—but that

extra five spot would come in handy

all right.



We picked up the trail easy enough,

it was as plain as a state road, and

led around the base of Crawford’s

Hill, following the creek road for a.

couple of miles, then struck into the

heavy timber, running straight up the

side of Hardscrabble, and headed for

the barren, thinly settled country back

of Day Hollow. Mile after mile we

followed the great solemn woods that

were so still we were h'alf afraid to

talk above a whisper, often fighting

our way through thickets so dense

that our clothes were torn and our

faces scratched worse than if we had

tried to separate two fighting Tom

cats. Then we would come out on a

clearing on the crest of a ridge, and

way below— us stretched the valley, all

white and still, while off in the dis-

tance we could see the roofs of the

houses at Willow Point, nestling down

at the foot of the hills like a toy vil-

lage at the base of a Christmas tree.

The next minute the trail wo.u1d

plunge down into the heavy timber

again, where we would be swallowed

up in a semi-twilight, for the spruce

and hemlock were so thick only a few

sunbeams found their way through the

branches and the huge pines cast

deep shadows on the unbroken carpet

of snow—shadows that danced across

our path like goblins when the wind

stirred the boughs.



Rabbits and squirrels were as thick

as flies on a rainy day, and although

we didn’t waste any time in hunting

them, before the morning was half

over we had s ot as many as it was

handy to carry. When the sun was

right over our head, we stopped to

eat. our lunch, and maybe it didn’t

taste good, for we were as hungry as

bears just waking up from their win-

ter’s nap. We didn’t take time to

build a fire, but after resting a. short

while, pushed right on. During the

next hour, the trail led over mighty

rough ground, and I’ll admit I was

getting pretty well tuckered out. I

had just about made up my mind to

give up the hunt, when I stepped

plumb into a woodchuck hole and

pitched forward on my face. As I

fell, a sharp twinge of pain shot

through my right leg, and when I

tried to scramble to my feet, my pins

doubled up under me, and I sank down

with a groan.



“Are you hurt ?" cried Skinny, drab-

ping his rifle and trying to help me

up. But it was no use, I couldn’t put

an ounce of weight on that leg.



“She’s busted, Skinny,” I said, “and

we're in an awful pickle. Do you

know where we are?”



“No, but we must be a long way

from home for we have been traveling

straight north.”



“Well, what are we going to do?”

asked when he had helped me over to

a log. “I can’t walk a step and. there

is no telling how far it is to the next

house.”



“The only thing to do is for me to

fix you as comfortable as possible and

then start back for help.”



I must have made a wry face at

that, for he continued:



“Aw, cheer up, Spike, we’re bound

to come out all right, for when we’re

missed, the folks will follow our trail

and find us.”



Just then a few flakes of snow sift-

ed down throu'g'h the branches, and

glancing up at the sky, I saw great

banks of leaden colored clouds shut-

ting down over the tops of the trees.

A big lump came up in my throat, for

if I knew the signs of a blizzard, one

was headed our way and due to break

in about an hour.



“We’re in for it now,” I said. “This

snow will cover our tracks, and even

if you could get to a house, you

couldn’t find your way back.”



“All right, Spike,” (said Skinny,

grinning and screwing up his face un-

til funny little wrinkles came around





5 ,

quotations. TheNorthemOhio LandGo. Pauldiug(lhi1"the corners of his eyes, ‘Well mat





have to camp right here until this old

blizzard of yours is over. Now, I’m

going to get busy and show you how

to make a howling wilderness supply

us with all the comforts of home.

The first thing to do is to build a.

fire.”



So he cut a lot of brush with the

little camp axe he carried in his belt,

and cleared away the snow for quite a.

space around the base of a big oak.



“Give me a match Spike, I clean

forgot to bring any,” he said with a

foolish grin when everything was

ready to light up.



I tossed him my match safe, made

from a twelve gauge shot gun shell

fitted into a ten gauge one, and you

should have seen the expression on

his face when he opened it. It was

empty. Then I was scared for sure,

but Skinny only laughed.



“We’re a fine pair of hunters—I

don’t think, but I’ll show! you a trick

with a hole in it ”



Then he broke open a dead branch

and scraped out the pith, it was as

dry as punk, and whittled some fine

shavings, making a little pile on a dry

stone. After prying the bullets from

a dozen cartridges, he dumped the

powder on the h'eap and then fished

out an Indian arrowhead he carried

for a lucky piece. It sure was a lulcky

piece for us, for when he struck the

flint with his jack knife, a shower of

sparks flew off, and falling on the

powder, set it ablaze. In a few min-

utes a fire was crackling merrily, and

I was toasting my toes in front of it,

while Skinny set about building a hut.

He sure did go about the job in a bus-

inesslike way, and in less than a. half

hour, a snug little but of spruce

boughs was finished.



“Not much room to spare,” he said

as he helped me crawl inside, “but it

will keep out the snow and we’ll be as

snug as a bug in a rug. Now, let’s

have a look at that leg of yours.”



Then he made a set of splints from

slabs of hemlock bark, lining the in-

side with a thick layer of moss.



“What are you going to do for

bandages?” I asked, as be fitted the

splints around my leg.



“You just leave that to me,” he an-

swered, removing his coat and sweat-

er. “There’s more than one way to

skin a cat,” and the next minute he

had stripped off his underwear.



I tried my best to stop him, but it

was no use, and while I was still call-

ing him forty-eleven different kinds of

idiot, he tore his shirt and drawers

into long strips, fastening the ends

together with pieces of string.



“Aw, forget it, Spike, the fire will

keep me warm and when I have to go

outside, I’ll borrow your coat,” was all

the answer he made. to my protests.

Might have thought he was a regular

doctor, he was that gentle, and in

two jerks of a lamb’s tail, he had my





I leg bandaged all hunky dory.





“There, that will hold you until we

get back home,” he said. “Now for

some supper.”



We had more than half of our lunch

left, and he skinned a. rabbit and

roasted it on a spit over the fire.



“We’ve enough grub to last a week,”

he said, but I noticed he didn’t eat

very hearty, although he kept pass-

ing me great chunks of rabbit meat.

I didn’t argue with him, knew it was

no use, but I made up my mind not

to let my appetite run away with me.

There. was no telling how long we

might be snowed in, and I didn’t in-

tend to let him starve himself so I

could have plenty to eat.



After supper, Skinny sallied out in-

to the storm and cut a lot of fire

wood, piling it high about the en-

trance of the hut. Then, as there

was nothing else to do, we turned in

and went to sleep. At least I did, for

I was dog tired, but I was restless.

My leg ached like sixty, and I awoke

every hour or two. Every time I op-

ened my eyes, there was Skinny sit-

ting by the fire, throwing fuel on the

embers, from time to time. If he slept

at all it must have been with one eye





DEC. '18, 1915.-





open, for all night long he kept the

fire blazing brightly.



By morning, two feet of snow had

fallen, and the stOrm showed no signs

of letting up. All that day and the

next night the snow continued to fall,

and when it finally cleared off on the

third day, the woods were buried be-

neath four feet of snow. Then it came

off bitter cold, although it was warm

enough in the hut, for Skinny never

let the fire die down, day or night, and

the drifts kept the wind from us.



You can bet I was pretty well scar-

ed by this time, for the grub was al-

most gone, and I knew blamed well

no one would ever find us in a month

of Sundays. But Skinny was as cheer—

ful as a big sunflower and did his

best to keep up my spirits, telling me

yarns about things he had read for

hours at a time.



“Well, how do you feel this morn-

ing?’ he asked when I awoke on the

fifth day.



“Fine,” I answered, which was the

truth, although I was allfired hungry.



“That’s good,” he replied. “Then

we’ll start for home right after break-

fast.”



“Sure," I answered, trying to scare

up a grin at his kidding, “is the flying

machine ready?”



“You bet she is, and she is a daisy,

for I made her myself.”



Darting outside, he returned with

the most wonderful contraption you

ever saw-a home-made sled. The

frame work was made of saplings,

bent and held in place by thongs of

squirrel skin. Over these was stretch-

ed his poncho, while to the front was

fastened a long creeper by which to

haul it. He must have made it while

I was asleep, and it sure was a wel-

c0me surprise.



“Overland limited all fired up and

ready to start,” he sings out. “All

aboard for Vestal Centre. Express

leaves in five minutes.”



I guess I didn’t look any too confi-

dent, for he dropped his bantering

tone and said:



“We can make it easy Spike. The

snow has frozen solid and the crust

will hold a horse. You’re not so heavy

but what I can pull you all right, and

by striking straight south, we should

be able.to make home by night. So

come on.”



I hated like fury to leave the but,

for we were warm there at least, but

then I knew we would probably starve

before help reached us, and if we had

to die, it was better to meet our end

trying to fight our way out than sit-

ting still doing nothing. So after col-

lecting our few belongings, I let him

help me onto the sled and in a few

minutes we started.



It was mighty slow traveling and it

must have been awfully tough on

Skinny, pulling such a. heavy load.

But he never whimpered once, just

leaned his whole weight on the drag

rope and trudged along, mile after

mile, only stopping to rest a few min-

utes every mile or so. As the day

wore on I could see the strain was

telling on him, and by afternoon we

were little more than crawling along

at a snail’s pace. Several times he

staggered and nearly fell, but he

wouldn’t stop, just kept plugging

along in grim silence.



“We dare not stop,” he answered

the last time I begged him to take a

good rest. “We’ve simply got to keep

moving. With no fire, and the grub

gone, it means our finish if we don’t

reach a house before night.”



Then I remembered he had no un-

derwear and I kept my mouth shut.



On and on we went, although Skin-

ny was getting wearier at every step.

Twice he fell, but struggling to his

feet, stumbled on again. As evening

drew near, the air became more bit-

ter, and a raw, biting wind sprang up,

hurling fine particles of frozen snow





into our faces, sharp little chunks of‘





solid ice that cut and stung like a.

whip lash. But I had long ceased to

mind the cold. I was numb clear



(Continued on page 560). '





 





 





new,“





 





 





 





'1
'I





 





,......r





 





DEC. 18, 1915.





 





THE‘ MICHIGAN FARMER





flllllllIIHIIIIII||llIlllIllIlllIllllllllililIIIIIIIIIIIIilllllllIlllIllllllllilllIIIlllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIlilllillilllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllllilllillllllllilllllllllllllllllilllllllllilllillIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIINIILLE

E 7 ' E

Land O Nod Stones:

:— By HOWARD T. KNAPP g

ElIllllllllllllIlllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIllIIll||IllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIEIIIIIIIllIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIlllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIHIIIIIIIIIIIlIIlIIlllIllIllllllllllllililllllllIlllllllllllIllilllllllillllllllilMINNIE





How‘ Ants Comb.





O matter what kind of work the

ants are doing or how busy they

are, they always take time to



keep themselves as neat and clean as

a new pin,” said Tinker Teedle Tee.

“Here is one of the workers who has

stopped digging now to clean up a

bit, so if you watch closely you will





‘ see how they do it.”





Sure enough, one of the busy little

workers, after wrenching an unusually

large chunk of dirt from the wall of

the new storeroom the ants were

building had dropped the ball of clay

and was now standing up straight on

its hind legs and going through the

motions for all the world like a lady

combing her hair.



“I beg your pardon,” said the merry

little elf, stopping in front of the ant.

“This is my friend, Billy Be By Bo

Bum, who has come to pay a visit to

the Queen. He doesn’t see how you

manage to keep so clean, so would

you mind showing him your set of

combs?”



“With great pleasure,” replied the

ant. “I was just about to spruce up a

bit before carrying this lead of dirt

up to the gate of the city, for I can’t

bear to be dirty, even when I am

working. These are my combs, Billy

Boy, and a very fine set of combs they

are, too, if I do say it myself,” and

the ant held out its front legs, or

arms, which ever you want to call

them, for they answered both purpos-

es. They were the funniest pair of

legs Billy had ever seen, for they

were entirely covered with short, stiff

bristles arranged in regular rows for

all the world like the teeth of a real

comb.



“Don’t you think they are a handy

pair of combs?” asked the ant proud-

ly. “And the beauty of them is that





I always have them with me. There

is no danger of me ever going away

from home and leaving my toilet arti-

cles behind. Now, if you will excuse

me, Billy Boy, I’ll start to clean up,”

and the ant commenced combing her-

self with her front legs, removing

many tiny particles of dirt that had

stuck to her while digging in the

earth. It was the funniest sight that

Billy had ever witnessed, for the ant,

standing straight up on her hind legs,

twisted and turned like an acrobat in

the circus, but even then she couldn’t

reach all parts of her body with her

leg combs.



“Dear me, I’m afraid I’ll have to

have some help,” said the ant after

bending nearly double trying to get at

a piece of dirt stuck in the short hair

covering its back. “I nearly tied my-

self in a knot trying to reach that

spot, but I don’t seem to be able to

get at it.”



Just then another ant stopped dig-

ging, and after shaking itself like a

Newfoundland dog coming out of the

water, sat up on its hind legs and

started to wash its face. Then it saw

what a hard time the other ant was

having, so, without waiting to finish

its own toilet, it ran over to help. For

several minutes it combed Billy’s new

friend from head to foot and then,

when the last speck of dirt was comb-

ed out, went on cleaning itself.



“Thank you, I’ll do the same for

you some time,” said the first ant,

“but now I must be getting on with

my work, so goodbye, Billy Be By Bo

Bum,” and grabbing up its load of

dirt, the little fellow started off up the

tunnel for the gate of the city.



Glancing about Billy saw that every

ant took great pains in keeping his

body clean, although much of the





work they did was of the very dirtiest

kind. He was much surprised at this,

for he thought boys were the only

ones who had to bother about wash-

ing and combing.



. All this while the sentinel ants, who

were guiding Billy and Tinker to the

palace of the Queen, had been waiting

impatiently, so now the merry little

elf and his friend made haste to re-

sume their journey.



For several minutes they trudged

on in silence, for Billy was too busy

thinking of the

things he had seen to talk, but a new

surprise was in store fer him. Before

they had gone very far the passage

made a sharp turn and here they met

a whole troop ‘of ants with beautiful

gauze wings folded neatly on their

backs.



And next week I’ll tell you more

about the flying ants.





 





’FORE CHRISTMAS.





 





BY M. P. EARL.

Thanksgiving Day wuz simply great,

So many things to eat,

I tried to sample everything

But, say, it can’t be beat,

The way the first stuff seems to swell,

’Till it makes the stumick ache,

An’ doesn’t leave one bit of room

Fer pumpkin pie an’ cake.





With pickles, jam an’ jelly, too,

It kep’ me just a-hummin’,

But still I thought I’d lots of room

Fer what I knew wuz commin’.

Though Ma an’ Sis both shook their

heads,

I passed the plate back twice,

Fer I knew Pa wouldn’t say a word,

An’ things wuz awful nice.





’Cause Pa remembers how he felt

When he wuz a kid I think,



An’ when Ma’d shake her head at him

He’d kind—a laugh an’ wink,



An’ say, he guessed ’at little boys

Know what they want to eat,



An’ then I’d get more dressln’,

An’ a good big hunk of meat.





I kep’ on eatin’ all they passed,

My clothes began to pinch,



An’ when the sweet stuff got aroun’

I couldn’t move an inch,



But ’fore the dinner Christmas Day,

I tell you what I’ll do,



I ain’t a-goin’ to 'eat a thing

Fer ’bout a week or two.





lilllillllllllllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIlllllllllllllllllllllllIHIIHHIIIHIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIHII[HI|IIlIlll“llillllllllllllll“HIllIllllHIIIHIHHIHHHHIIIHIlllll||llllllllllllllllllllllllllIllIIII|Ill|HllIllllllllllilllillllllllIIHHIIII||IllI[IlllIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIHIIIIIHIllHllllllllllllllllllllHlllIlHllllliIIIIIHIHIIHHIIIHIHHIHHHHIIIEIIIIHIlllHI|IIIHHHIIIIIHHIHIII





A Carriage that Saved a Queen





CARRIAGE builder has just

completed a repairing and ren-

ovating job on a vehicle which

once played a prominent part in get-

ting an empress out of the country

over which her husband had ruled,

into another land which promised her,

if not her former

high estate, at least

a place of security.

The vehicle refer-

red to is a four-seat-

ed, covered landau,

formerly the proper-

ty of Dr. Evans, the

famous American

dentist, who gained

such repute in 1‘ aris

as to be‘ summoned

to Court to serve

royalty in his pro-

fessional capacity.

It was after the

battle of Sedan, in

the war between

Prussia and France,

and when rumors of

the impending fall of

the reigning dynas-

ty became insistent,

the wife of Napol-

eon III, the beautiful Empress Eugen-

ie, was advised that it would be to

her best interests to leave the capital

on short notice, and in as quiet a man-

ner as possible. In view of: the se-

crecy necessary to get the Empress

safely out of France, regular methods

of traveling were out of the question.

It was then that Dr. Evans, the Amer-

ican dentist, was appealed to, and he

formed a plan of escape which was





 





successfully carried out, under condi-

tions, however, that required care.

011 the night of the fifth of Septem-

ber, 1870, the doctor provided a closed

landau, to which the Empress was

conducted. She acted the part of an

invalid patient; a Dr. Crane took the





role of her physician; Dr. Evans pre-

tended to be a brother of the patient,





while Madame Lebreton, Eugenie’s

lady-in-waiting, was the nurse. In this

manner the party reached the open

country on the road to Havre without

having been subjected to undue sus-

picion or examination.



The landau was taken as far as

Mantz, when it was exchanged for a

lighter carriage, to which fresh horses





were attached. The party crossed the

English channel on September 8, and

the Empress was joined later by mem-

bers of her family on English soil.

Eugenie has resided in that country

ever since the establishment of the

latest French republic, her present ad-





 





press being Farnborough Hill, Farn-

borough, England.



The carriage to which the Empress

owes her escape from Paris remained

in the possession of Dr. Evans, in

Paris, during his lifetime, but was

brought to America recently to be

placed in the Evans Memorial Muse-

um, in Philadelphia, for which the doc:

tor provided in his will. Dr. Evans

was a Philadelphian.





 





many wonderful '





 

 

 





For

Gas

Engine

and

Auto

Ignition





Red Sea]

Dry' Batteries





They Spark Strongest—~Last Longest

Ask Your Dealer





Complimentary to Users of Dry Batteries

Send us your dealer's name and we will forward you free

and postpsid, book—"How to Run the Gas Engine—Simpli-



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MANHATTAN ELECTRICAL SUPPLY CO.

104 5. Fifth Ave. Chime

New York St. Louis San Francisco

Factories: Jersey City, Cincinnati and Revenue. 0.





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





MEN WANTED





LEARN TO DRIVE AND REPAIR





AUTOMOBILES AND TRACTORS

Big demand for trained men. Earn from $75 to $150

permonth. Lem in 6 weeks by the





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LET US TA

YDDR HIDE.





Cattle or Horse hide, Calf, Dog, Deer

or any kind of skin with hair or fur on.

We Inn and "IIIIII them right: make

them into coats (for men and women).

robes. rug-s or gloves when ordered.



Yourfur goods will cost you less than

to buy them. and be worth more. Our

Illustrated catalog gives a. lot of in 1

formation which every stock raiser .1‘

should have, but. we neversendoutthis 1 ‘

valuable book except; upon request.



It tells how to take off and care for V

hides: how and when we pay the irolth

both ways [about our safe dyeing pro-



. cess which Is a tremendous advantage

to the customer. especially on horse

hldoo and on" skin: ; about; the fur

goods and game trophies we sell. taxi-

dermy. etc. If you want. a. copy send us

your correct; address. ..



The Crosby Frisian Fur Company.

671 lyeli Ave.. Rochester. N. Y.





RIGIIES'i‘ PRICES PAID FDR

All. KINDS OF RAW FURS





I ' Ineedfllarge :quantities of all kinds of

’ ._ ,-. \ {SW tins, and i‘iiizvtiu ay yoiu

\ go in rice . ea 90 -

“‘"‘“S< all solicit communicaiizion

~ - ~ wit dealers havinglarge lots

I to sell” .rite for price list



. . \n and shipping tags today to

m- 0. I... SLENKER,



“ ., P. O. Box E, East. Liberty,0.





RAW FURS WANTED





4

Will pay highest prices anvl give 5% extra on

Shipments totaling $25. Wine for price-list. Or.

put your own price on your furs, and if we can-

not net you as much or more, we will return

your furs at; our expense.





 





 





 

 

   

 





 





 





Be reasonable, Try us.

265 8 th A

HARRY LEVY 3,3: “”2““





 





 





 





VVE WANT YOU





to write for our report on the fur market. It will

heipyouto sell your furs. We 0 arge no com-

mission or expressage and kee you posted all

season. Honest assortment all t e tim





saw intrastate Furs





New York





 





 





 





 





 





 





“if Cow and horse hides tanned perfectly &

and made into handsome coats, robe





mittens etc. WATER AND MOTH Pd‘oor.

FURS bkESSED(all kinds.) HEADS MOUNTED





Booklet and samples free.





Sylvania Tanning Co., Dept.4,S!Ivania,0hio

CIVIL SERVICE “EXAMS”





for Railway Mail, Post Office and other government

gositlons are coming. Prepare nowunder former U. 8.



MI Service Secretary-Examiner. Booklet 188 free.

Wriite toda .Pntterool vi Service BehooiJloehuteI-J





W

BLE Ions WAN'I'ID. Manufacturers

PATENTAwant. Owen Patents. Send {or 3 free

books; inventions wanted. etc. I

help you market your inventionwithout charge.

RICHARD B. OWEN. 117 Owen Bldg" Washington, D. 0.
560—16





’THE MICHIGAN





(Our New Serial Story)





Light of Western Stars





 





 





By ZANE GREY





 





 





- Synopsis of Preceding Chapters.





Alfred Hammond, the wayward son of a rich New Yorker, left home to

become a cattle man in New Mexico and for several years had little com-





munica 'on with his family.





His sister Madeline, known to her friends as





“Majes y,” possessed of a fortune of her own, suddenly decides to visit

him. She telegraphs but he fails to meet the midnlght train on which

she arrives at El Cajon. There had been a wedding at El Cajon that even

ing, and Gene Stewart, a reckless cowboy, had made a drunken wager that

he would marry the first girl who came to town. Encountering Miss Ham-

mond at the station and finding she were no wedding ring, he brings ater-

rified Mexican priest and forces him to hurry through some form of words

which Madeline is too dazed to understand. The strange ceremony is brok-





en off, however, when Stewart learns she is Alfred Hammond’s sister.

takes her to the house of her brother’s





lives with a married sister.





"I don’t want to know. I’d tell it.

Gene, aren’t you ever going to learn

decency? Aren't you ever going to

stop drinking? You’ve lost most of

your friends. Stillwell has stuck to

you. Al’s been your best friend. Mol-

ly and I have pleaded with you. And

now what have you gone and done?”



”What do women want to wear veils

for?” he growled. “I'd have known

her but for that darned veil!"



“And you wouldn’t have insulted

her; but you would the next girl who

came along. Gene, you are hopeless!

Now, you get out of here and don’t

ever come back!”



“Flo!” he entreated.



“I mean it.”



“I reckon, then, I’ll come back to-

morrow and take my medicine,” he

replied.



“Don’t you dare!" she cried.



Stewart went out and closed the

door.



“Miss Hammond, you—you don't

know how this hurts me,” said Flor-

ence. “What you must think of us!

It’s so unlucky that you should have

had this happen right at first. I’m

afraid you won't have the heart to

stay. Oh, I’ve known more than one

eastern girl go home without ever

learning What we really are out here.

Miss Hammond, Gene Stewart is a

fiend when he’s drunk; but all the

same I know, whatever he did, he

meant no shame to you. Come now,

don’t think about it again tonight!”



She took up the lamp and led Made—

line into a little room. “This is out

west,” she went on, smiling as she in-

dicated the few furnishings, "but you

can rest. You’re perfectly safe. Can

I do anything for you? Won’t you let

me help you undress?”



“You are very kind, thank you, but

I can manage,” replied Madeline.



“Well, then, good night. The soon-

cr I go the sooner you’ll rest. Just

forget what happened and think how

fine a surprise you’re to give your

brother tomorrow!”



With that she slipped out and softly

shut the door.



As Madeline laid her watch on the

bureau, she noticed that the time was

past two o’clock. It seemed long since

she had left the train. When she had

turned out the lamp, and crept wear-

ily into bed, she knew what it was to

be utterly spent. She was too tired

to {move a "finger; but her brain

whirled.



She had at first no control over it,

and a thousand thronging sensations

came and went'and recurred with lit-

tle logical relation. There were the

roar of the train; the feeling of being

lost; the sound of pounding hoofs; a

picture of her brother’s face as she

had last seen it, five years before; a

long, dim line of lights; the jingle of

silver spurs; night, wind, darkness,

stars.



Then the gloomy station—the shad-

owy, blanketed Mexican—the empty

room—the dim lights across the

square—the tramp of the dancers, va-

cant laughs, and discordant music—

the door flung wide, and the entrance

of the cowboy. Madeline did not re-

call how he had locked or what he

had done. The next instant she saw

him cool, smiling, devilish—saw him





He





fiancee, Florence Kingsley, who





in violence; the next, his bigness, his

apparel, his physical being were

vague as outlines in a dream.



The white face of the padre flashed

along in her train of thought, and it

brought the same dull, half blind, in-

definable state of mind which had fol-

lowed that last nerve-breaking pistol—

shot. This, too, passed, and then,

clear and vivid, rose memories of the

night’s later events—strange voices

betraying fury of men—a deadened

report-a moan of mortal pain—a

woman’s poignant cry. Madeline saw

the girl's great, tragic eyes, the wild

flight of the big horse in. the black-

ness, the dark, stalking figure of the

silent cowboy, and the white stars

that seemed to look down remorse-

lessly.



This tide of memory rolled over

Madeline again and again, and grad-

ually lost its power and faded.' All

distress left her, and she felt herself

drifting.



How lilack the room was—as bllhck

with her eyes open as it was when

they were shut! And the silence—it

as like a cloak. There was absolute-





ly no sound. She was in another world‘





from that which she knew. She

thought of this fair-haired Florence,

and of Alfred; and, wondering about

them she dropped to sleep.





 





CHAPTER IV.



When Madeline awakened, the room

was bright with sunlight. A cool Wind



lowing across the bed caused her to

put her hands under the blanket. She

was lazily and dreamily contemplat-

ing the mud walls of the room when

she remembered where she was and

how she had come there.



How great a shock she had under-

gone was manifest in the sensation

of disgust that overwhelmed her. She

even shut her eyes to try to blot out

the recollection of what had happen-

ed. She felt that she had been con-

taminated.



Presently she again awoke to the

fact she had learned the preceding

night—that there were motions to

which she had heretofore been a

stranger. She did not try to analyze

them, but she exercised her self-con-

trol to such good purpose that by the

time she had dressed she was out-

wardly her usual self. She scarcely

remembered when she had found it

necessary to control her emotions.

There had been no trouble, no un-

pleasantness in her life. It had been

ordered for her—tranquil, luxurious,

brilliant, varied, yet always the same.



She was going out to make inquiry

about her brother when a voice ar-

rested her. She recognized Miss

Kingsley’s voice addressing someone

outside, and it had a sharpness she

had not noted before.



“So you came back, did you? Well,

you don’t look very proud of yourself

this morning. Gene Stewart, you look

like a coyote! ”



“Say, Flo, if I’m a coyote I’m not

going to sneak,” he said.



“Wha‘; did you come for?” she de-

manded. -



“I said I was coming round to take

my medicine.”



,“Meaning you’ll not run from Al

Hammond? Gene, your skull is as





 





thick his an old cow’s. AI will never

know anything about what you did to

his sister, unless you tell him; and if

you do that, he‘ll shoot you. She won’t

give you away. She’s a thoroughbred.

Why, she was so white last night I

thought she’d drop at my feet; but

she never blinked an eyelash. I’m a

woman, Gene Stewart, and if I couldn"

feel like her, I know how awful an or-

deal she must have had. Why, she’s

one of the most beautiful, the most

sought after,vthe most exclusive wom-

en in New York! There’s a crowd of

millionaires and lords and dukes after

her. You can't understand what kind

of a woman she is—you've not got

sense enough. If you had any, you

might imagine how terrible, how un-

endurable, it would be for a woman

like her to be pawed and hugged and

kissed by a drunken cow-puncher. I

say it———”



“Good Heavens, Flo, I never insult-

ed her that way!” broke out Stewart.



“It was worse, then?” she queried

sharply.



“I reckon it was. I mace a bet that

I’d marry the first girl who came to

town. I was on the watch for the

train, and I was pretty drunk. When

she came—well, I got Padre Marcos,

and tried to bully her into marrying

me.”



“Oh, Lord!” Florence gasped. “It’s

worse than I feared. Gene, Al will

kill you!”



“Sure he will, and that’s be a good

thing,” replied the cowboy, in utter

dejection.



“Gene Stewart, it certainly would,

unless you turn over a. new leaf,” re-

torted Florence. “But don’t be a fool."

She became earnest and appealing.

“Go away, Gene.

across the bcrder—you’re always

threatening that. Anyhow, don’t stay

here and run any chance of stirring

Al up. He’d kill you just the same as

you would kill another man for insult-

ing your sister. Don’t make trouble

for Al. That would only make sorrow

for her, Gene!”



The subtle import was not lost up-

on Madeline. She was distressed be-

cause she could not avoid hearing

what was not meant for her ears. She

made an effort not to listen, but it

was futile. ‘



“Flo, you can’t see this a man’s

way,” he replied, quietly. “I’ll stay

and take my medicine.”



“Gene, 1 could swear at you, or any

other pighead of a cowboy! Listen.

My brother-in-law, 'Jack, heard some-

thing of what I said to you last night.

He doesn’t like you. I’m afraid he’ll

tell A]. For Heaven’s sake, man, go

down-town and shut him un—and

yourself, too."



Then Madeline heard Florence come

into the house. Presently she rapped

on the door and called softly:



“Miss Hammond, are you awake?”



"Awake and dressed, Miss Kingsley.

Come in!"



“Oh! You've rested, I can see. You

look so—so different. I’m sure glad.

Come out now, please. We’ll have

breakfast, and then you may expect

to meet your brother any moment.”



“Wait a minute, please—I heard you

speaking to Mr. Stewart. It was un-

avoidable; but I am glad. I must see

him. Will you please ask him to come

into the parlor for a moment?”



"Yes,” replied Florence quickly. As

she turned at the door, she flashed at

Madeline a woman’s meaning glance.

“Make him keep his mouth shut.”



Presently there were slow, reluctant

steps outside the front door; then a

pause, and the door opened. Stewart

stood bareheaded in the sunlight. Mad-

eline remembered with a kind of shud-

der the fall form, the buckskin vest,

the red scarf, the bright leather wrist-

bands, the‘ wide silver-buckled belt,

and chaps.



Her glance seemed to run over him,

swift as lightning; but as she saw his

face now, she did not recognize it.

The man’s presence roused in her a

revolt; yet something in her, the in-





Go join the rebels-





‘You’ll love old Bill StillwelI!





 





one. 18, 1915.





comprehensible side of her nature,

thrilled in the look of this splendid,

dark-faced barbarian.



“Mr. Stewart, will you please come

in?” she asked, after a long pause.



“I reckon not,” he said.



The hopelessness of his tone meant

that he knew he was not fit to enter

a room with her, and either did not

care or cared too much.



Madeline went to the door. The

man’s face was hard, yet it was sad,

too; and it touched her.



“I shall not tell my brother of your

~your rudeness to me,” she began. It

was impossible to keep the chill out of

her voice—to speak without the pride

and aloofness of her class. Neverthe-

less, despite her loathing, when she

had spoken so far, it seemed that

kindness and pity followed involun-

tarily. “I choose to overlook what

you did, because you were not wholly

accountable, and because there must

be no trouble between Alfred and you.

May I rely on you to keep silence, and

to see that the lips of that priest are

scaled? And you know—there was a

man killed or injured there 'last night.

I want to forget that dreadful thing.

I don’t want it known that I heard—”



“The greaser didn’t die,” interrupt-

ed Stewart. '



“Ah! Then that’s not so bad, after

all. I am glad for the sake of your

friend—the little Mexican girl."



A slow scarlet wave overspread his

face, and his shame was painful to

see. It fixed in Madeline’s mind a con-

viction that if he was a heathen, he

was not wholly bad. It made so much

difference that she smiled down at

him. '



“You will spare me further distress,

will you not—please?”



His hoarse reply was incoherent,

but she needed only to see his face to

know his remorse and gratitude.



Madeline went back to her room.

Presently Florence came for her, and

they were soon sitting at breakfast.



Madeline Hammond’s impression of

her brother’s friend had to be recon-

structed in the morning light. She sens-

ed a wholesome, frank, sweet nature.

She liked the slow southern drawl; but

she was puzzled to know whether

Florence Kingsley was pretty or strik-

ing or unusual. She had a youthful

glow and flush, the clear tan of out-

doors, a face that lacked the soft

curves and lines of eastern women.

Her eyes were light gray, like crystal,

steady, almost piercing, and her hair

was a beautiful, bright, waving mass.



'Florence’s sister was the elder of

the two—a stout woman with a strong

face and quiet eyes. It was a simple

fare and service they gave to their

guest, but they made' no apologies for

that. Indeed, Madeline felt their sim-

plicity to be restful. She was sated

with respect, sick of admiration, tired

of adulation; and it was good to see

that these western women treated her

as they would probably have treated

any other visitor.



They were sweet and kind, and

what Madeline had at first thought

was a lack of expression or vitality

she soon discovered to be the natural

reserve of women who did not live

superficial lives. Florence was breezy

and frank; her sister quaint and not

given much to speech.



Madeline thought she would like to

have these women near her if she

were ill or in trouble. She reproach-

ed herself for a fastidiousness, a hy-

percritical sense of refinement, that

could not help distinguishing what the

sisters lacked.



.“Can you ride?” Florence was ask-

ing. “That’s what a westerner always

asks anyone from the east. Can you

ride like a man—astride, I mean? Oh,

that’s fine. You look strong enough to

hold a horse. We have some fine

horses out here. I reckon, when Al

comes, we'll go out to Bill Stillwell’s





ranch. We'll have to go whether we





want to or not, for when Billlearns

you are here .he’ll just pack us all off.

His





 





l

x

i





l.

T





\V.
U.





one. '18, 1915.





ranch is pretty badly run down, but

the range, and the rides up in the

mountains—they are beautiful! We’ll

hunt and climb, and, most of all, we’ll

ride. I love a horse—I love the wind

in my face, and a wide stretch with

the mountains beckoning. You must

have the best horse on the ranges;

and that means a scrap between A1

and Bill, and all the cowboys. We

don’t all agree about horses, except in

case of Gene Stewart’s iron-gray.”



“Does Mr. Stewart own the best

horse in the country?” asked Mad-

eline.



Again she had an inexplicable thrill

as she remembered the wild flight of

Stewart’s big, dark steed and its rider.



“Yes, and that’s all he does own,”

replied Florence. “Gene can't keep

even a quirt; but he sure loves that





* horse, and calls him—”





At this juncture a sharp knock on

the parlor door interrupted the con-





versation. Florence's sister went to

open it. She returned presently, and

said: .





“Its Gene. He’s been dawdlin’ out

there on the front porch, and knocked

to let us know Miss Hammond’s broth-

er is coming."



Florence hurried into the parlor,

followed by Madeline. The door stood

open, and disclosed Stewart sitting on

the porch steps. From down the road

came a clatter of boots.



Looking out over Florence’s shoul-

der, Madeline saw a cloud of dust ap-

proaching, and in it she descried out-

lines of horses and riders. A warmth

spread over her, a little tingle of glad-

ness; and the feeling recalled her girl-

ish love for her brother. What would

he be like after long years of sepa-

ration? '



“Gene, has Jack kept his mouth

shut?” queried Florence, and again

Madeline was aware of a sharp ring in

the girl’s voice.



“I reckon no,” replied Stewart.



"Gene! You won’t let it come to a

fight? Al can be managed, I'm sure,

but you know that Jack hates you,

and he’ll have his friends with him.”



“I reckon there won’t be any fight.”



“Use your brains now, if you have

any,” added Florence, and then she

turned to push Madeline gently back

into the parlor.



Madeline’s glow of warmth changed

to a blank dismay. Was she to see

her brother act with the violence

she now associated with cowboys?





The clatter of hoofs stopped before

the door. Looking out, Madeline saw

a bunch of dusty, wiry horses paying

the gravel and tossing their lean

heads. Her swift glance ran over the

horsemen, trying to pick out the one

who was her brother; but she could

not. Her glance, however, caught the

same rough dress and hard aspect that

characterized Stewart.



Then one rider threw his bridle,

leaped from the saddle, and came

bounding up the porch steps. Florence

met him at the door.



“Hello, Flo! Where

called eagerly.



With that he looked over her shoul-

der, to espy Madeline. He actually

jumped at her. She hardly knew the

tall form and the bronzed face, but

the warm flash of blue eyes was fa-

miliar. As for Alfred Hammond, he

had no doubt of his sister, it appeared

for with a broken welcome he threw

his arms around her, then held her of!

and looked searchingly at her.



“Well, sister!” he began; but Flor-

ence turned hurriedly from the door

and interrupted him.“



“A1, I think you’d better stop the

wrangling out there.”



He stared at her, appeared suddenly

to hear the loud voices from the street

and then, realeasing Madeline, he

said:



“By George, I forgot, Flo! There

is a little business to see to. Keep my

sister in here, please, and don’t be

fussed up now!” He went out on the

porch and called to the men. “Shut

off your wind, Jack—and you, too,





is she?” he





THE MICHI





Blaze! I didn’t want you fellows to

come here; but as you would come,

you’ve got to shut up. This is my

business.” He turned to Stewart, who

was sitting on the fence.



“Hello, Stewart,” he said.



It was a greeting; but there was

that in the voice which alarmed Mad-

eline.



Stewart leisurely got up and leis-

urely advanced to the porch.



“Howdy, Hammond?” he drawled.



“Drunk again last night?”



(Continued next week).





BEATING THE BLIZZARD.





 





(Continued from page 558).

through to the bone and so sleepy I

could hardly keep my eyes open. I

knew what that meant—it was the

first signs of freezing to death. Then

it seemed as though the wind had

suddenly become soft and warm, and

instead of howling it seemed to whis-

per, “Just take a little nap and when

you awake, it will be in a beautiful

garden of roses where the sun shines

brightly for ever and ever and snow

was never even heard of.”



Fight as I would, the fatal drowsi-

ness was creeping over me, a thick

mist swam before my eyes, through

which I could see a bent figure strug-





gling on, staggering like a drunken-





man; a figure dim and shadowy like

a dream man, but which I knew was

Skinny.



“I’ll just take forty winks,” I said

to myself. “Then I’ll get out and let

Skinny ride for a while.”



Just then I heard a faint shout and

opening my eyes, saw Skinny stand-

ing over me, shaking me like a dog

shakes a rat.



“Wake up, wake up, Spike," he yell-

ed, but his voice seemed to come

from a great distance. “Wake up,

we’re almost home. There’s a light

shining off through the trees.”



“Sure, I know there is,” I mumbled

sleepily. “It’s the good warm sun,

and there’s flowers and green grass





 





 





and birds singing. Just lie down and

go to sleep a little while and when we

wake up we’ll be there.”



Then, as I was about to drop off to





.sleep again, he snatched up the rifle





and began firing as fast as he could

pull the trigger. As the reports died

away, I heard a faint shout off in the

distance, and then more shots. I op—

ened my eyes and caught a glimpse of

Skinny trying to refill the magazine,

but his fingers were so stiff from the

cold that the cartridges spilled onto

the snow. Way olT through the woods

I saw a light dancing up and down

like a firefly—and that’s all I remem-

ber. I just couldn’t keep awake a

minute longer, no matter what hap-

pened.



When I awoke, it was by the side

of a roaring log fire, wrapped up in a i

great pair of soft blankets, and some-

one was forcing something hot and

strong down my throat. At first I

thought it was all a dream and every

minute expected to feel the sting of

frozen snow in my face. Then I swal-

lowed another mouthful of the steam-

ing drink, which made me cough and

choke, someone slapped me on the

back, and I looked up and saw my dad

bending over me. Then I knew every-

thing was all right. .





“But Skinny, where’s Skinny?” I

cried as soon as my wits were fully

aroused.



“In the next room sleeping like a

log,” replied dad. “We’ve been look-

ing for you ever since the blizzard

started and had about given up all

hope of finding you when we heard

you firing. Now go to sleep son and

don’t worry, Skinny is all right.”



“You bet he’s all right,” I answer-

ed, “and we're going to get that fox

yet.”



And we did, too, but that's another

story.





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HAT’S a bargain, lady, a great

bargain,” said the agent, run-

ning the cloth through his fin-



gers to drop in billows of white on

the floor “Just think, 24 yards of

pureMn for $3.84, just 16 cents a

yard! It isn’t every day you have a

thing like that offered you.”



“No,” said Grace doubtfully. “But

24 yards seems a good deal.”



“You will find plenty of use for it,”

interrupted the man. “If you don’t

need it for sheets and pillow slips you

can make yourself a summer dress

and some shirts for the man. Think

of a white linen suit next summer for

less than a dollar!” Then, as Grace

hesitated, “I’ll let you have the whole

piece for $3.80. I couldn’t do better

for my own mother.”



Grace’s eyes glistened. She really

had enough bed linen, but then, one

never could have too many pillow

slips on a farm where you never knew

who was coming nor how long they

would stay. And she could use some

of the linen for dresser scarfs or doil-

ies. It would make her a cool dress

for next summer, though she. could

not imagine John in a shirt she would

make. She smiled at the thought, and

the agent, interpreting the smile as

favorable, pressed the sale.



“It will be $3.80 well spent lady,” he

urged. “Winter’s coming on now and

you’ll soon have lots of time on your

hands. If you buy this you can get a

good start at your spring sewing right

away. . Good linen is something you

don’t buy every day.”



“I believe I will take a piece,” Grace

agreed slowly. “I’ve a good notion to

take one for mother, too, she added.

“I heard her say the other day that

she needed new bed linen.”



“I’ll make you the two pieces for

$3.75 each,” said the agent, pulling a

second piece out of his satchel with

surprising quickness. “Think of it,

pure linen right from Belfast for 16

cents a yard.”



But Grace had reconsidered. “I

don’t think I’d better take the two, af-

ter all,” she said. “It’s nearly two

weeks since I saw mother and she

may have bought some herself.”



“Take the two pieces for yourself,"

urged the peddler. “You can use 48

yards of linen, I know, and it is so

reasonable.”



“No,” said Grace decidedly, “one is

all I need.”



“All right,” said the man, pocketing

the money, “your loss is somebody

else’s gain. If you take it some other

woman is going to get cheated out of

a bargain, so maybe it is as well you

don’t want it. I want to make as

many people happy as possible.” And

shouldering his heavy case he took

his departure.



Grace looked gloatingly at the

cloth as the peddler walked briskly

away. She loved to sew, especially

for the house, and with the stimulus

of a bargain like this it would be dou-

bly exciting.



“I’ll start a little white apron for

Aunt Ann this very afternoon,” she

decided. “But no, I can’t. I’ll have

to shrink it first. Linen should always

be shrunk before you make it up. I

remember mother always did.”



She brought in the tub, half filled it

with clean, cold water and opening

the cloth into half—yard folds laid it in.



“I remember you don’t shake it out,

you leave it in the folds,” she mused.

“But I don’t remember exactly how

long to leave it in the water. It won’t





Wining and Her Needs





DEC. 18, 1915.





 





 





 





 





At Home and Elsew ere





{L





 





 





 





 





Egg n





 





The Domestic Crucible—18





Grace Picks Up a Bargain.





hurt to leave it till morning, though.

Then I’ll hang it out and dry it and

get busy right away.”



The morning’s work was hustled out

of the way in double quick time next

day, and Grace turned her attention

to the cherished linen. A peculiar-

looking sticky scum covered the water

in the tub.



“What in the world have those men

spilled in here?” Grace demanded,

viewing the water askance. She

scooped up a handful, and rinsed her

fingers off quiékly as the grayish look-

ing stuff clung to them.



“I’d like to break their necks,” she

exploded wrathfully, seizing the linen

and wringing it out of the water. “I

must get this into clean water right

away.”



But the “linen,” too, looked as pe-

culiar as the water. It’s sheen was

gone and odd looking streaks showed

here and there on the surface.



Grace shook out the cloth with a

sinking heart. The outer folds re-

sembled nothing so much as cheese-

cloth, though the inside,_where the

water had not penetrated so thorough-

ly, still bore some resemblance to

“the cloth of yesterday.” She was

positive now that John or the hired

man had spilled chloride of lime or

some other powerful substance into

the tub.



“They’ve ruined it,” she groaned.





“Nothing," said Grace weakly, sink-

ing into a chair. “I bought it from an

agent yesterday as pure linen, right

from Belfast and paid 16 cents a yard

for it. I thought I was getting a

bargain.”



“But it doesn’t look like linen,” pro-

tested Aunt Ann. “Anyone with half

an eye could see it was cheesecloth,

and a poor piece at that. It’s not

worth more than six cents a yard, I

should say,” she concluded judicially,

holding the cloth up to the light.



“It looked like linen yesterday,”

said Grace. “But it’s looks were only

skin deep and soaked out in water.”



“Oh,” said Aunt Ann, “I see. Cheese-

cloth treated to starch and glue. But

why didn’t you test it?”



“Didn’t know how,” said Grace.



“Put a drop of water on it. If it

wets through instantly and the spot

doesn’t spread it’s linen. If it is slow

to wet through and the damp spot

spreads out it’s cotton. You should

have known you couldn’t get good lin‘

en for 16 cents a yard anyway."



“I did know the stores asked more,”

said Grace weakly. “But this looked

good, and he talked so nicely.”



“Moral, buy from your own store or

send to reputable mail order house,”

said Aunt Ann. “If the things aren’t

right you can send them back and get

satisfaction. We all bite some time.

Mine was a warranted solid silver tea





 





Buffet Scarf, with Honiton Braid, Medalion Form Edging.





“The ends are a dead loss, but maybe

if I wash it out carefully with warm

water and white soap I can save part

of it.”



But the warm Water and soap only

hastened the final disaster. The sticky

substance which had floated on the

surface of the cold water showed up

more and more as Grace squeezed and

patted and wrung her linen. She tried

two or three clean waters, and when

finally in despair she wrung the cloth

dry and held it Up to view. nothing

remained but a coarse looking fabric

fit for nothing but dust cloths.



A sickening suspicion that perhaps

she had been cheated, and John and

the hired man were guiltless seized

her. But it was too much to admit

without a struggle. She wadded the

stuff up into a bundle and dashed

over to Aunt Ann’s.



“What would you call this?” she de-

manded, thrusting the cloth into that

lady’s lap.



“Cheesecloth,” Aunt Ann announced

promptly, peering over her glasses,

“but what on earth do you want of so

much?”





set for $1.75. The silver washed off

in the dishwater the first time the set

was used. Since then I’ve bought of

established firms. If I don’t get ‘bar-

gains’ I get the real goods, which is

more to the point.”



“I guess you’re right,” said Grace,

picking up the wet bundle. “I was

going to make you a linen apron, but

I’ll bring you over a couple of dust-

cloths instead.”



“They’ll be just as welcome,” laugh-

ed Aunt Ann, “and I’ll keep them for

‘best’ because they came so high.



And Grace departed, pondering on

the perfiidy of peddlers and the gulli-

bility of women.



DEBORAH.





 





BUFFET SCARF.





 





BY MAE Y. MAHAFFY.



The attractive trimming used on

this scarf is made up of Honiton

braid, medallion form, and crocheted

in a medium fine mercerized cotton.

The same design may be followed for

any article where lace about two inch-

es Wide is suitable as an edging, and





 





is especially effective on a piano scarf

or for bed linen.



An edge is crocheted along either

side of the braid in this fashion: S c

(single crochet), into each loop of the

braid, and ch (chain), once between.

When the last loop of a given medal-

lion is filled on one side ch 2 and to

(triple crochet), around the stem con-

necting the medallions. Ch 2 again,

and proceed along the loops of the

next medallion as before. This proc-

ess is followed on each side of the

braid, and the pleasing effect is en-

hanced if the thread for this part of

the work is a trifle finer than that us-

ed for remainder of the crocheting.



The edge to be joined to the linen

is now made of alternate chs and dc

(double crochet), over each ch of the

previous row.



If desired the lace can now be whip-

ped onto the hemmed linen scarf and

seamed together neatly. The outer

edge can then be workd round and

round without need of seaming.



For the outside edge ch 1, dc 1 into

to of previous row; ch 2, dc into same

tc. Ch 1, dc 1 into central In (mesh),

or open space along the medallion.

Ch 1, do 1 into same m; ch 2, do 1

into same m, ch 1, do 1 into same In,

ch 1, do 1 into next to, ch 2, dc 1 into

same to, and on to next medallion,

following this rule for thq entire

length. Join by sl st (slip stitch), to

1st ch of row.



Next row, ch 2, dc 1 into ch of 2 in

line with medallion stem. Ch 2, do 1

into same ch of 2. Ch 1, dc 1 into

ch of 2 out from center of medallion.

Ch 2, to 1 into same place, ch 3, to 1

into same place, ch 2, do 1 into same

place. Ch 1, dc 1 into ch of 2 in line

with next medallion stem, etc.



One more round is made like the

'last. The next has 2 to, with 2 ch be-

tween for the stem group, and 4 to

with 3 ch between for the medallion

group. The final edge consists of 8

so over each group of chs for the scal-





loped portion, with 2.sc over each ch '





between scallops.





 





FoR THE SICK.





 





BY OLIVE RICHEY.



To make beef tea in a hurry, run a

lean piece of beef through a food cut-

ter. Place in a pan, cover with water

and set on back of stove to heat. It

should not come to a boil, as boiling

will coagulate the albumen. Strain

and squeeze the meat dry. All the

juice of the beef will be extracted

and it is ready to serve immediately.



An appetizing and nourishing food

for the sick is made by beating the

white of an egg to a stiff froth, sweet-

ening and adding the juice of a sweet

orange. ‘



Rice Milk.~'Soak two tablespoonfuls

of rice over night. Place in a double

boiler, with two cups of milk, one cup

of sugar and pinch of salt. Let it

steam for an hour and a half, after

which rub through a sieve. Grate nut-

meg over the top. It can be served

hot or cold.



Grape Water.'—Dissolve four table-

spoonfuls of grape jelly in half a cup

of boiling water. When dissolved, add

half a cup of cold water, one teaspoon-

ful of lemon juice and one tablespoon-

ful of sugar. Add sufficient ice to

chill thoroughly. If desired, blackber-

ry, raspberry or currant jelly can be

used instead of the grape jelly.



'Kumisss—Heat three quarts of milk

until lukewarm. Dissolve one-fourth





 





“4 .‘U:





 





«I
"u; &





 





c‘





of





 





DEC}. is, 1915.





cup of sugar in one—fourth cup of wa-





ter and add to milk. Also add one-half





yeast-cake, dissolved in two .table-

spoonfuls water. Pour into glass fruit

jars or bottles and let stand in warm

room for 12 hours. Then keep in 3.





THE MICHIGAN





cool room. In 24 hours it is ready to

use. Kumiss is especially valuable as

a food-drink in cases of dyspepsia,

vomiting and diarrhea. It can be re-

tained on a stomach that refuses all

other food.





Making Christmas Candies





By JULIA





EAR after year people buy their

Christmas candies at exorbitant

prices, when anyone can make



fondant. And when you have learned

to make fondant, which is the founda-

tion of all French candy, you have

mastered the simple art of manufac-

turing high-grade confections.



There is no more acceptable gift

for young and old, rich and poor, than

a fancy, ribbon-trimmed box of delec-

table, home-made sweets. Then, aside

from solving the question of your own

Christmas gifts, home-made candy of

a good variety is always salable. Peo-

ple are willing to buy it because it is

pure. If you manage properly there is

a~ wide margin for profit even at a

conservative price. There is no limit

to the varieties that can be made from

fondant. Try these recipes, and make

your own Christmas candies, and if

you desire, make a substantial margin

for sale.



White Fondant—To make fondant

put two cupfuls of granulated sugar,

one cupful of water, and a quarter of

a teaspoonful of cream of tartar into

a small agate, or porcelain kettle. Be

sure to have the measures exact. Stir

the ingredients until the sugar is

moistened. Place on the range, and

heat gradually to the boiling point.

Boil without stirring until when tried

in cold water a soft ball may be form-

ed that will just keep in shape. After

a few minutes’ boiling, sugar will ad‘

here to sides of kettle; this should be

washed off with the hand first dipped

in cold water. Have a pan of cold

water near at hand, dip hand in cold

water, then quickly wash off a small

part of the sugar with tips of fingers,

and repeat until all sugar adhering to

saucepan is removed. If this is quick-

ly done there is no danger of burning

the fingers.



When it has boiled four or five min-

utes, pour a teaspoonful into a little

cold water. Allow the syrup to sink

to the bottom of cup without stirring.

When it has had time to cool, try to

gather it into a soft ball with the end

of the spoOn. If it is not cooked

enough it will dissolve in the water,

or be too thin to form into a solid,

pliable mass. Change the water and

test again after a little more cooking.

The testing must be done quick-

ly, for half a minute’s cooking may

make or mar it. If it has cooked too

long it will harden the moment it

touches the water and become brittle.

In this event add a little boiling water

to the syrup and test again. With

surprisingly little experience you will

be able to tell the instant it is ready

to remove from the fire.



When the syrup is done pour slowly

on a slightly oiled marble slab. Let

stand a few minutes to cool, but not

long enough to become hard around

the edges. Scrape fondant with chop-

ping.r knife to one end of slab, and

work with a wooden spatula until it

is white and creamy. It will quickly

change from this consistency and be-

gin to lump, when it should be knead-

ed as you wduld bread dough until

perfectly smooth. The more it is

worked the more creamy it will be.



If you wish several different flavors

and colorings, after it has been knead-

ed, separate it into as many portions

as you choose and flavor each one dif-

ferently. Pour a few drops of the de-

sired flavoring into a depression made

with the finger and work it in there

oughly. Always make fondant on a





clear day, as a damp, heavy atmos-





R. DAVIS





phere has an unfavorable effect on

the boiling of sugar.



For coloring fondant put a small

wooden skewer in coloring paste, take

up a small quantity and dip skewer in

melted fondant. If care is not taken,

the color is apt to be too intense.



After the fondant is prepared it is

best to put it into a bowl, cover with

oiled paper to exclude the air that a

crust may not form on top, and let

stand for 24 hours. The next depends

on the kind of candy you wish to

make. Here are a few recipes, how-

ever, that will be found universally

popular.



Cream Nut Bars—Melt fondant ov-

er hot water and flavor if left plain.

Stir in any kind of nut meat cut in

pieces. Turn in oiled pan, cool and

cut in bars with a sharp knife.



Tuttidi‘ruiti Loaf—Melt fondant and

flavor, put into it one slice of candied

pineapple cut into small pieces, a

quarter of a pound of candied cher-

ries and one-fourth of a cupful of Eng—

lish walnuts. Fill an oiled mold with

this, and when cold, cut into half-inch

slices and wrap in paraffin paper.



Cocoanut Cubes—Melt fondant as

usual and put into it half a cupful of

shredded cocoanut and desired flavor-

ing. Spread it into a square cake an

inch thick, and when firm, cut into

inch blocks.



Bonbons.——The centers of bonbons

are made of fondant shaped in small

balls. For nut centers, surround the

pieces of nut meat with fondant, us-

ing just enough to cover. French

candied cherries are often used in this

way. If you want plain, vanilla choc-

olate creams, take small pieces of

vanilla flavored fondant, roll them in

the hands until perfectly round, and

put them on waxed paper. Allow bon-

bons to stand over night, and dip the

following day.



To Dip Bonbons.—Put into a small

bowl half a pound of unsweetened

chocolate that has been cut into bits.

Add a piece of paraffin the size of a

walnut. This is necessary to thicken

the chocolate. Set the bowl into the

top of a boiling tea-kettle until the

chocolate and paraffin are melted,

then place on a table. For dipping

use a two-timed fork, or confectioner's

dipper, Drop centers in mixture, one

at a time, stir until covered, remove,

holding over the bowl until superflu-

ous chocolate drops off, place! on oiled

paper.



Creamed Walnuts—Have walnuts

ready, roll the fondant into balls and

place a perfect half on each one. You

may use blanched almonds, candied

cherries, glaced pineapple, or any:

thing else you like in the place of

walnuts.



Dipped Walnuts—Melt fondant and

flavor. Dip halves of walnuts as bon-

bon centers are dipped in chocolate.

Halves of pecans or whole blanched

almonds may be similarly dipped.





 





RECIPES.





 





Parsnip balls make a nice dish to

serve with the Christmas dinner. Pare

and slice the parsnips and boil in salt-

ed water until they are soft enough

to mash. When done, mash, season

with salt, pepper, and butter. Add a

few fine bread crumbs and one well-

beaten egg; form in balls and fry

until a delicate brown in butter.—-—M.

A. P.



We prefer a squash pie to a pump-

kin. First bake the squash. Take

one cup of it made very fine, one-half





 





 





 





FARMER





19-55::





 





,_,





Awarded

Medal of Honor

and Gold Medal,

Panama - Pacific



Exposition





Don’t Shiver in Chilly





The discomfort of spending the early

days of fall in chilly, unheated rooms is

nothing to the danger to health.





It lowers the vitality an





d invites colds





and pneumonia; if there are young chil-

dren or old people in the family the risk





of illness is doubled.

sary,when the NE IV

PERFE C TION

Heater instantly

banishes frosty chill

and makes the liv-

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genial comfort.

Carry it with you from





 





It also is unneces-





Enrecrlo





Snoxcasss





room to room





and have heat to dress by in the morning





and in the bathroom.

fires are lighted, use the N





After the winter





EW PERFEC-





TION in rooms that are hard to heat; in





the night, if anyone is sick:





wherever and





whenever you want a warm room quickly





—-by simply striking a mat





ch.





 





'\





T





 

   





ll

Rooms





he NEW PERFECTION is easy to





‘





care for. Burns 10 hours on one gallon of





oil.





Can‘t smoke. No trouble to re-wick.





because wick and carrier are combined—-





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smooth and ready to light.

For best results use Perfection Oil.





whi

NE

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Y





'I‘ION Oil Heater on exhibition.





for





good cheer.





the





At the Panama—Pa.-

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many points of su-

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NEW PE RFEC-

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Ie a Gold Medal was awarded the

W PERFECTION Heater—a sweep-

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our dealer has the NEW PERFEC-

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ETANDARD OIL COMPANY (Indiana), CHICAGO, U. S. A.





 





Kalamazoo 1916

Wholesale

Stove Prices





NEW styles and sizes-500to

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We pay Irol - ship with. .

In 24 hours. rite today for

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Ask for catalog No. I 1 3

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Stoves. Goa Stoves. Kitch- _',‘

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Nothing finer then Benson fish shipped direct

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All our fish

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up in clean, sanitary

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)ackages all readv for

Send for a trial order.





Have resh





These. prices are made possible because you





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shipped prepaid.





All packages





8 Lbs. Fresh Lake Herring

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loo-Lb. Keg Salt Herring

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We Shlf) same

1 be de ighted





Benson Fish Co., Bay City,Mich.





 





 





MONEY m HONEY -:._-.-. is;





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Latest th 5 ofbe .koeping-dn told'

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THE MICKHIGAN FARMER





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DECEMBER 207:"





Is the Last Day We Can Mail Our

“Quick Action ”





CHRISTMAS GIFT





A lOG—Piece Christmas Selection, Including

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Size 22 x 3 '/2 Inches





The Selection Consists of





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Stickers,





Tags, Labels, Etc.





106 In All,





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Given to Every Subscriber—New or Renewal

Whose Order Beaches This [iiiiee [in or Return

December 20th,





Whether It Be Sent to Us Direct, Through An

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Get this Clear—no matter how

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one of these selections will be

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order reaches this office, but if

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you can use it when you want to.





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for one year, 52 issues, and all

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office or express order or check.





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REMEMBER

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ter how long your present sub-

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Don’t Forget the Dale





 





December 20th





m. See Clubbing List on Page 573.





The mi ofihis Year Free in New Subscribers. Time will begin January 1—

niri Subscribers date from their present time.





cup of sugar, two eggs, one cup of

milk, one-half cup of cream, one-half

teaspoonful of salt. A small lump of

butter stirred into the squash makes

it richer. This amount makes one

large pie—M. A. P.



In reply to a recent request for

brown bread that will not be sticky,

I am sending my recipe, which I have

used with the best results and have

often been asked for the recipe by

my guests.



Brown bread—One rounding table-

spoon of soft shortening, half a cup of

yellow sugar. Cream together one

and a half cups of sour milk, one tea-

spoon of salt, two teaspoons of soda,

dissolved, one rounding tablespoon of

white flour, two and a half cups of

Graham flOur. Bake in hot oven for

about three-quarters of an hour. I

use two teaspoons of soda for one and

a half cups of sour milk. I think sog-

gy Graham bread is usually due to a

lack of enough soda, the Graham flour

and sour milk requiring a little more

than white flour and sour milk.—

Mrs. S.





 





BABY WEEK.





 





The Children’s Bureau of the. U. S.





 





 





Department of Labor, announces that

state health officials of 39 states have

already pledged their co-operation in

the observance of the nation-wide

Baby Week, March 4-11, 1916, recently

proposed by the General Federation

of Women’s Clubs. Scores of letters

about Baby Weed have been pouring

into the Children’s Bureau ever since

the plan was announced and the bu-

reau’s preliminary circular of informa-

tion has been sent in response to in-

quiries from organizations in 45 states

and the District of Columbia. The bu-

reau has prepared these circulars and

has in press a longer bulletin on Baby

Week, which will shortly be available





' for free distribution, in order to place





atythe disposal of all communities the

practical experience of those cities

which successfully conducted local





 





Baby Week campaigns, notably New

York, Chicago, Pittsburgh, Indianap-

olis, Grand Rapids, Topeka, Yonkers,

and Long Beach, Cal. Special sec-

tions of the circulars are devoted to

suggestions for Baby Week in small

towns and villages.





 





HOME QUERIES.





 





Household Editor:——I have a pair of

lace curtains that were a dark yellow

shade when I bought them, but since

they have been washed three or four

times are barely cream color any

more. What can I do to restore them

to their original color?———A Constant

iReader.



; Dip them in strong coffee, which

{has been strained through two thick-

:nesses of cheesecloth.



Household Editorr—Will you please

tell me what to do to kill the little

white flies on my fuchias? They are

ikilling them. And the little black

fones on my geraniums?——Mrs. R. W.

i Wash thoroughly with tobacco wa-

ter, taking care to reach the under

side of the leaf.



Household Editort—Will someone

tell me what is the matter With my

,cucumber pickles? I used one gallon

of pure cider vinegar, one teacup of

lsalt, one teacup of mustard, and the

lpickles worked and became soft and

hollow. Then I put up another crock-

ful with one gallon of vinegar, one

cup of salt, half a cup of mustard,

with the same result.



The cucumbers should have been

soaked in a strong brine before put-

ting into the vinegar, and no salt used

when the vinegar was poured over

the pickles. I have never seen a reci-

pe for using mustard, nor heard of its

being used, but perhaps there are

many who do use it. The proportion

of salt is one cupful to every peek of

cucumbers. Sprinkle the salt over

layers of cucumbers in a jar‘, and cov-

er with cold water. Let stand for 2;

hours, then pour off the brine, scald it

and pour over the vegetables again

for‘another 24 hours. Then wash and





 





 





drain the pickles and pour over them





DEC. 18, 1915. ‘





enough scalding vinegar to cover. You

may add either horseradish, cloves or

pepper Corns to the pickles.





Household Editorz—Will someone

please give me a recipe for pickling

or canning hearts and tongues, and

also a recipe for beet pickles that are

not very sour?—Mrs. H. P.





Who can furnish recipes for pick-

ling or canning hearts and tongues?

I made beet pickles this fall after the

recipe used for peach and pear pick-

les, only using half as much sugar.

Two cups of sugar to eight of vinegar,

with a handful of spices tied in a bit

of cloth is about the right proportion.

Pour this over the beets. which have

been cooked and sliced into cansor

Jars.





Household Editor:——When address-

ing a letter of courtesy to a married

couple to whom should it be address-

ed, to the man or the woman, or both?

——M. E. G.





Both.





 





SHORT CUTS TO HOUSEKEEPING.





 





When you cut a large pumpkin or

squash and do not want to use all of

it at once, protect the unused part

from drying out and mold with a

piece of firm paper. The pumpkin or

squash should be cut straight across

and the piece of paper should cover

the whole side. The paper is stuck

on by means of the gluey substance

which exudes from out surface—T.



Keep on your stove shelf two small

baking powder cans for salt and pep-

per. Punch holes in the covers, us-

ing a small nail for the salt can, and

a tack for the pepper box. You will

find these very handy—Mrs. C. B. S.





 





MICHIGAN FARMER PATTERNS.





Our latest Fashion Book, containing

illustrations of over 400 designs of

ladies’, misses’ and children’s gar-

ments in current fashions, also newest

embroidery designs, and a concise and

comprehensive article on dressmaking

which gives valuable hints to the

home dressmaker, will be sent to any

address upon receipt of ten cents.





 





No. 1422_—Girls’ Over-blouse Dress

with Guimpe Waist. Cut in 4 sizes,

6, 8, 10 and 112 years. It requires 1%

yards of 27-inch material for the

guimpe, for an 8-year size, with 3%

yards of 36—inch material for the dress.

Price 100.



No. 1205—Girls’ Over-blouse Dress

with Guimpe. Cut in 4 sizes, 4, 6, 8

and 10 years. It requires 11,5 yards of

27-inch material for the guimpe, and

3 yards for the dress for a 6-year size.

Price 100.



No. 1424—Ladies’ Costume. Cut in

6 sizes, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42 and 44 inches

bust measure. It requires 7 yards of

44-inch material for a 36-inch size.

The skirt measures about 35/3 yards

at lower edge. Price 10c.



No. 1412—Costume for Misses and

Small Women." Cut in 3 sizes, 16, 18

and 20 years. It requires 6%, yards

of 40-inch material for a 16-year size.

The skirt measures about 3 yards at

the foot. Price 10c.





 





 





u . i -

'w'm ' - i "v . —~_





. . 'vu-f
wdfi.;:.}u-> . .





THEgMICHlGAN'FARIVIER 21—565





flrgdlflllllllllllllllllllllllllflllllllllllllll[Hilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll.Illflllllllllllllllllllllflllllllllllllllfllllllllflllllmllllllllfl'rllllllllllllllllll. llllllllIIllllllilllllllilllllllllllllfl|IIlllllllllllIllllilillilllllllllllllsg





J. DEC. .18, .1915.»





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





 





; C I E '3

ract1ca C1encc. s.

' g 1 Just What ;;

MMWMNHIWIWWWWWMIlllllllllllllllllllllllIlIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllIllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllillIllllllllllllllllllllllllldl- you want...

CEREAL FOOD pnooucrs. Rye. t t' t t t d

, Weight of 100 kernels. . . .2.493 grams ‘7 amp mg, as Y. en er 1

. BY FLOYD w. ROBISON. M , t Per (£8132- lilscultllebughnutsCakes and l

. Oisure . —— fr‘

1‘ In our study of cereal foods we take Proteins . . . . . . . . .12.43 5% agtfiaesiime thmgStt? eat 11 , ‘

into consideration a food principle Fat . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 1.65 g C011 ea em a - i



Which in animal fOOd products is 3.1- gls'llllde fibre . ..... . . . . . . H. . . . . . . i133 “That’s because they’re made With



"""""" ’ ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ‘ ' ' ' Calumet Baking Powder. I know Calumet is





most entirely absent. We refer to the Nitrogen free extract (carbohyi pure—I know it makes everything uniformly





carbohydrates which are a character- drates not including crude g Iknow it never fails Iknowit’ss f

istic of ye etable food materials and fibre) ........................ 71.29 00d“- _ —- 'J. —

particularlyg characteristic of cereals. Rice' est—the most economical tobuyandto use.

Carbohydrates are tyDifled by such Weight Of 100 kernels-~21}? ggamf ‘Mgther uses Calumet bevery bakeday

er en. ' u ht tot t t th'

wen-known substances as suaag Moguls ................. 12.34 w>§aggwhgzg e W mas

glucose and starch. They are com- Proteins ........................ 7.18 -

pounds with exceedingly uniform com— (Efilde - fibre ---------------------- 842: Received Highest Awards

. DOSiti‘m 0°“Si5tmg 0’ the elements Ash ........'.'I.' 3333:3313 .......... 0.46 New Cook Book Free

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, 310119, Nitrogen free extract. (carbohy— Se 81' ,

and in this respect it would seem ap- drates not including crude79 36‘ e 1P!"

........................ . )





 





patently simple. But so many combi-

nations of these elements, carbon, hy-

drogen and oxygen exist in carbohy-

drates that the exact formula of cer-

tain of these products has never been

definitely determined.



Carbohydrate Defined.





One particular and interesting fea-

ture of a carbohydrate is that it con-

tains this hydrogen and oxygen al—

ways in a certain definite ration, that

is, in the ratio in which it is found in

water—two parts hydrogen to one

part of oxygen. It would seem, there-

fore, that a carbohydrate is built up

in nature upon the plan of the union

of carbon with water. However, it is

built, it is known to take place. defi-

nitely in the cellular structure of the

plant, probably in the leaves, which

are considered to be the laboratory of

plant life.



Cane sugar, which we have desig-

nated as a typical carbohydrate has a

formula which would amount to 12

parts of carbon united with 11 parts

of water, or in other words, 0121122-

011; glucose, or dextrose, has a form-

ula of six parts of carbon united with

six parts of water, or 06111206; starch

six parts of carbon united with five

parts of water, or C6H1005; C being

the symbol for carbon, H the symbol

for hydrogen and O the symbol for

oxygen.



Composition of Cereals.





While cereal and vegetable foods

are recognized in their differentiation

from animal foods by the presence of

this substance known as carbohy-

drates they are not, except in a few

instances, limited to carbohydrate

substances. They contain proteids

and fats similarly, as do animal foods,

but usually in a .less conspicuous





quantity. Among the typical cereal

products we mention wheat, corn,

oats, rye and sometimes rice. 'lhese





products vary to a. degree in composi-

tion. The average composition of each

is about as follows: (U. S. Dept. of

Agriculture) :





Wheat.



Weight of 100 kernels. . . .3.866 grams



Per Cent.

Moisture ........ 10.62

Proteins ..... . ................. 12.23

Fat ................. . .......... 11.77

Crude fibre ..................... 2.36

Ash . 1.82





Nitrogen. 'fr'e'e' ' lg'x'tigéi." '(ééiiubii'yi





drates not including crude



fibre) ...... . ........ . ........ 1.10

Oats.



Weight of 100 kernels. . . .2918 grams

Per Cent.

Moisture ..... 10.06

Proteins ..... ...... 12.15

Fat ...... oolOIIOIOIOOOOIIOO. to 4033

Crudefibre.............. ....... 12.07

Ash .. ...... 3.46





Nitrogen. free . extract. ' (carbohy-

drates not including crude

fibre) . . . .57 .93





oooclano-uooon .....





- Corn.

Weight of 100 kernels. . . .28.979 grams





Pengn)



MOiSture OIIOQOOIIOOQOOODOOIOC ‘

Proteins Q I O Q I l I 0 0 O O O 0.. I 0 I Q I o o o o 9-88

at IO.ll.........'.'..........l 4-17

Crude fibre 1.71





Ash ..... . ..... ...... 1.36

Nitrogen free extract (carbohy-



drates not : including crude"

....................... l





fibre) 1.95





fibre)



Of these products as far as our peo-

ple are concerned, it is probable that

wheat and oats enter more largely in-

to our diet although, of course, corn

in the form of corn meal and corn

flour, is quite an important adjunct.

In certain of the oriental countries

rice is a much more important factor

than any of the other cereals, but as

a direct article of food, by which we

mean one of the substantial articles

of the diet, it has not yet played a

highly important role in this country.



(Continued next week).





 





LABORATORY REPORT.





Would it be advisable to use the

water that runs off my barns, (one

76x32 and one 50x20), for stock, the

some to be conducted into a 100-bbl.

storage tank with well water. The

roots are shingle. My well is 75 ft.

down to water in a four-inch tubular

well. I would like to have this ques-

tion discussed in your paper—E. W. F.





With reference to the above ques—‘

tion, will say that there are many sec—

tions of our country where the rain

water is used almost exclusively for

the stock. In some of the southern

states, particularly in the vicinity of

New Orleans, rain water is used for

family drinking purposes. It is im-

possible to get satisfactory wells in

that low country and furthermore the

overflow frequently contaminates

them. It is quite a common sight, in

riding through that country, to see

large cisterns built on the t0p of the

ground, into which is conducted the

water which runs from the roofs of





 





 





 





the buildings.



In our country it is an admirable

plan to have the eavetroughs, or at

least the main pipe, leading from the

barn to the tank or reservoir so ar-

ranged that there is an outlet other

than into the tank, so that for a few

moments during the shower or rain

storm the water which first comes

from the roof, containing as it does

the extracted matter from the dust,

etc., which may have accumulated on

the roof, is permitted to pass on to

the surface of the ground. Then the

valve is switched and the remainder





of the water runs into the cistern or

storage tank. If an arrangement of





this kind is operated the rain water

will be found to be about the purest

water to be obtained for it is nothing

but condensed water vapor and all it

contains in solution is what it picks





   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 





 





 

 





h—’





‘1.

.‘ fl. 0 o

. 0:5: , ll 7'1“ O "O‘.‘

0 ' W{3.A.





«97/





' V

—‘ ©CALUMET' mums rowan co. " ‘

5- v o v





 

   

 

 





 





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A- E '3. I





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of the hands more than a pair of warm

“Ball-Band” Coon Tail Knit Boots? A

new pair of “Ball-Band” Boots or Arctics

IS always welcome. “Ball-Band” Arctics

for men, women and children are lined

With warm wool, dry and comfortable.





are getting “Ball-Band.

per days wear of any rubber footwear.

"Ball-Band” boots are vacuum cured. During

the vulcamzmg this process causes a tremen-

dous pressure on the fabric and rubber and

makes the boot one solid piece. .





showing all sorts of different kinds of .

:ifiiténgé iturdy footwear. Select presgg’ggg

o .





819 Water Street





Sensible Gifts for

Sensible Workers

What will please dad or brother or one





 





 





Rubber Footwear

Look for the Red Ball so you will be sure you





It has the lowest cost





Wolf. for Free Booklet





MISHAWAKA WOOLEN MFG. CO-

Mishawaka. Ind.

" Tho Ham That Pay: Million: for Quality“ '





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

 





FUEL SAVING





WITTE ENGINES





Korooono, Distillate, Gosolino, Gas.

”LB DIRECT fROI FACTORY. 5-VEAR GUARANTY.

2 11-? $34.95; 311-? $52.50: 4 H—P $69.75: 6 H-P $97.?5'

8 H-P $139.65: 12 H-P $197.00; 16 H—P $279.70; 22 H-ls

$359.80. Portable Enginrs Proportionallu Low-



» . Prlooo F. 0. B. Factory.



1 Besxdes lower price, WITTE engines use less fuel

per 11-? hour—71mm one-fourth to one-third less—-

enough saving in a year to pay entire cost of engine.

Easy starting; no cranking. Our 28 years engine

burldmsiimakes this higher quality for on, at a small

one pro t for us. Used for all kinds 0 work.



Book m Write us. so we can send you by

ESE—i— retum mail, full information.

WIT‘I‘E ENGINE WORKS.



2193 Oakland Avonuo,

mono Clty. lo.



2193Ernplro Bldg. .

Pittsburgh. Pa. . " '





 





 





 





up from the air as it comes down,





plus what accumulated matter it takes a





from the roofs of the buildings.



We can see nothing wrong with this

idea at all. In fact, if the suggestion

which we have made is followed it

should establish for you an excellent

water supply.





 





To separate pain from ill-doing is





t. to fight against the constitution of





things, and will be followed by far

more pain—Spencer.





 





Avoid “The Rush" Complication by

sending your cubscription order early.

Please renew now. See our offer on

page 564. '





 

 

 

 





 





 

 

   

 

 

 

 





is Glows





j





 





You will be surprised at

you can do wl

this at ro n g, well-buit. ‘

moderate-priced machine. .





IRELAND

Wood Sawing Moohino





Table mounted on moved rolls. Almost self-feeds

ing with even heaviest logs. Out is down—not.

walnut 1‘. Many at. or exclusive advan-

tages. rite for circulars—also our drag saw

machines. oov on shingle mills. hoists. etc.





lull-d lulla- 5 PM 60.. 33 m- 8l.. lonlch. IJ.





 





 





 





 





— Ml TURE

WANTED gn'gfuggnrox lilo T0

YOUNGoRANDOLPH sun 00.. Owouo, Mich.





 





 





EARN $2.000 T0 $10,000 A YEAR





We will teach you to be a bi h “fade solesm ‘ ‘

‘ en m ex htweeka

at home and assure you delinftogropouitions from a lirgo num-





lgc’: (1:)! religlallo firms who will 0

I. saw no you are earning. No ormar 1' . - -

quu'ed. Write today for micularo, list othuLn)‘ rilditfgl‘L (Sad

openings and testimonies from hundreds of our stuclzcnta

now earning $100 to $500 A monfii. Address nearest oflice.





or you opportunities lo earn





Dept. 588 NATIONAL SALESMEH'S "MINING ASSOCIATION

So- Francisco





Glaxo No. ork





Less Work

By using low “Elec-





tric" steel wheels on

your old running





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





2631' 01' US-

our

Save hlgbllfts, tli t-

or draft, grovent rotting Bavefionegy in

w eels do not d'ryoutor rot.





to

rite today for free catalog: on we no and wh ls.

ELECTRIC WHEEL 60.. 35 -II got. “Dorsal“.





 





Wisconsin Fishing 60.,





Dept. Y, Green Bay, Wis.

Choice Fish Specialists.

A, ICE new?





 





 

 





Cuts two rows. uals .



men with saws. rite to-

forcatalog and rloes.



I . ll. PM , Vorlnn .I.Y.





When writing to advertiser, please mention





 





The Michigan Farmer.





, 3. -. nw~m§khwmqr
566—22





THE MIVCHIGA





J

ElllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllfllllllllllllllHHllllllllllllllllfllillllllllilillflllllllllflllHilllilllllllllIllfllllllllllllllllllllllifllllllllflllfllllllllfllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHIlllllllllllllllllHllllllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHE





lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





“3;;





Farm Commerce.





‘lllllllllllll|IlllllliillllllllllflllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllflllflllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllflIllllllllllll|lllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllHllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllll





Ellllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





Some Reasons for Failure





O-OPERATION, the spirit of



working together for mutual wel-



fare, is becoming a prevailing

one in the business and social worlds.

It is taking the place of competition in

the business world and has been a

great factor in the development of

efficient business methods and the

elimination of waste.



The farmer has been rather slow in

taking up the co-operative idea. His

independent spirit has brought him to a

negative position in the marketing of

his products. He has practically no

voice in saying what he should get for

the things he sells. This has become

a great disadvantage to him, as many

of the profits which' are rightly his

have gone to others. The producer

of the world’s food supply is begin-

ning to realize this, and as a result

agricultural cooperation is being tried

now as never before.



Strong Opposition.



As the farmer assumes the positive

position in marketing through co-op-

erative methods, he will meet with

strong opposition. This opposition

will come from those who have profit-

ed by the old methods, as they realize

that co-operation will eliminate many

who are not necessary in the market-

ing of farm crops. On this account

we would naturally expect quite a few





fore consist of those holding but one

share. The fault with this arrange-

ment is not that the little grower is

placed on an equal basis with the big

grower, but that those who take out

a small amount of stock do not usually

think seriously enough of the matter

of membership before joining; they

figure that they can afford to pay $10

for whatever benefit they are likely to

derive from being a member. They

can take a chance on so small a sum

and not having a large amount invest-

ed, they have little financial incentive

for being loyal.

No Legal Obligation.



Another thing that threatened loy‘

alty was that members did not bind

themselves to deliver their creps to

the organization. Not being legally

obligated in this respect, the associa-

tion was often used as a leverage by

growers to get higher prices from out-

siders. And the outside buyers were

especially anxious to please in the

matter of price as they knew that if

such practices continued the co-opera-

tive idea would not exist very long.‘



These two things are probably the

main causes of disloyalty in the farm-

ers’ buying and selling organizations,

and as a result, in some cases the

farmers have lost most of their inter-

est and treat the association of which





 





 





 





The Unceasing Foreign Demand for Cavalry and Artillery Horses is Enab-

ling the American Farmers to get rid of much of their Common Horses

and to Restock with a Higher Type of Animal.





.-





 





failures among new co-operative or-

ganizations. Only a strong organiza-

tion can withstand the opposition of

outside influences.

Experiece is a good teacher, even

where the experience comes from a

small dgree of success or, in fact,

from an enterprise that was an abso-

lute failure. The writer has carefully

watched and studied the development

of the co—operative idea among farm-

ers, and was recently fortunate in hav-

ing opportunity to investigate several

co-operative organizations. This arti-

cle deals with those which have not

proven entirely satisfactory and will

attempt an explanation of the causes

of these poor results.

“Nothing Venture, Nothing Gained.”

Probably the most important factor

in the success or failure of a co-oper—

ative association is the form of organ-

ization. In every case where the

farmers were not pleased with their

attempts at co-operation, the writer

found it inexpensive and easy to join

and to leave the society. The value

”per share of stock was low. In most

cases a share cost $10 and a member

was privileged to take out anywhere

tram one to ten shares, and one share

entitled the holder to as many priv-

ileges as ten shares would. Naturally

most of the. membership would there—





they are a member, in the same way

they would an outsider. It is natural

that a person would prefer a cash

price for his article, but in many cas-

es disloyalty has developed this de‘

sire so that it has worked to the dis-

advantage of the grower.

Growers Rob Themselves.



The following instances are typical:

A farmer brought a quantity of rye

and vetch to the association and even

though the manager urged him to al-

low the association to clean and sep-

arate the rye and vetch at a charge

of 10 cents a bushel and then market

it for him, he preferred to take the

$1.00 per bushel the manager offered

him, as cash payment. The result was

that after it was cleaned, the vetch

sold for $6.00 a bushel and with the

rye netted the association a hand-

some profit. In another case $2.00 a

bushel was paid for rye and vetch and

the price the association received for

the vetch paid for the entire deal, and

the receipts for the rye was clear

profit. In one instance that profit





amounted toneanly $150 and thegrow- -





er who sold it was not one who could

afford to lose it, but his desire to get

his money upon the delivery of the

grain was so strong that he would not

wait to see how much he might gain

by separating and then selling. In





N1 FA R M.E..R





one case the manager of the associa-

tion had to buy peaches from the out-

side in order to fill his contract order;

he also had offers this fall or $3.00 a

barrel for association fruit which-he





had to refuse becausehe was not __





sure of his source of supply. -Many

growers in the community had the as-

sociation manager come out to the or-

chard and bid on their crop the same

as other buyers.



Out of the entire 120 members of

another association there were about

twenty whom one would consider as

faithful members. Most of these had

invested in several shares of stock, as

was the case of the faithful members

of other associations.



An Associational Reputation.



Aside from the low cost of member-

ship privileges and the lack of having

any binding agreement by which the

grower promises to market his fruit

through the association, inferior meth-

ods of packing and marketing may

weaken the association. One of the

principal assets in the marketing of

any product is the reputation of that

product on the market. To make this

reputation a good one it is necessary

that various standards or grades be

strictly adhered to. This is absolutely

necessary to create confidence in an

association’s goods. A dealer will

have one of his greatest buying prob-

lems solved if he knows that he can

get a uniform grade of fruit each year.



To bring about the proper sorting

and packing of the fruit a central

packing house is most efficient. One

man can then have charge of the grad-

ing and packing and thereby insure

uniformity. Allowing the growers to

pack their own fruit or having inspec-

tors of the association to supervise

packing in the orchard, does not keep

the grades uniform. It is conceded

by all practical men that a central

packing house is one of the chief es-

sentials in successful co-operative

fruit selling.



Close Relations Between Seller and



Buyen



The marketing of the fruit should

also be under direct control of one

who is hired by the association to do

this work. Several associations have

tried the plan of marketing through

a large national selling agency who

sell the goods on a commission basis.

The arguments used in favor of this

method of selling are that such an

agency having branches established

all over the country is able to place

the fruit to advantage, but it seems

that such a method does not encour-

age the establishment of regular cus-

tomers. The contact between the sell-

er and buyer is not close enough, as

all business has to be done through a

third party. Where an association has

its own marketing men it is in a posi-

tion to establish a permanent market.

The cost of marketing is greatly less-

ened when customers come back for

more each year, and a close business

relationship between the seller and a

limited number of buyers is of much





 





DEC. ‘18, 1915.





 





Give the Farm Boys Training in Mar-

keting and Business Methods and

they Will be Better Fitted to Solve

Future Marketing Problems.





 





greater advantage than having new

buyers for the product each year. Ed-

ucating the buyer to seek your partic-

ular goods is the valuable thing in

marketing fruit.



While many co-operative associa-

tions have not been successful in the

strict sense of the word, even those

who are the greatest critics of the

plans under which these associations

work cannot help but admit that they

have been of some value to the com-

munity, as in most cases they have

taken full power out of the regular

buyer’s hands, and have made him

more anxious to please the farmer.



Co-operative marketing is bound to

become popular and a few failures

here and there should not discourage

those who are interested in it, but the

mistakes of the past should be of

great value in the future in the prac-

tical development of the co-operative

idea.- There is no reason why co-op-

erative marketing organizations

should not be successful if they are

properly organized and managed, for

ce—operative marketing is a much more

efficient and simple method of getting

farm products to the consumer than

the present haphazard marketing way.



The Managerial Problem.



The management of an organization

is, of course, very important and it is

very necessary to see that the one who

is selected to manage the affairs of

the association is one who is versed in

marketing methods and can also in-

spire confidence. A man with such

qualities is hard to get, and to get and

keep him he will have to be paid well

for his services. Two of the obstacles

to be overcome in agricultural co-op-

eration is the hesitancy to pay good

salaries to good men, and the lack of

confidence in the man who is entrust-

ed with the active work of the organi-

zation. A willingness to pay good sal-

aries to a man who can inspire con-

fidence of the members will solve the

managerial problem.





llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllIllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





A Study of Apple Marketing





URING the season of 1914-15 the



office of markets made a study



of certain phases of apple mar-

keting and distribution. This work

began with an investigation of com-

mercial apple crop conditions, and

when the marketing season opened in

September investigations were made

in the orchard district of New York

state and in the apple markets of

New York City, Buffalo, Chicago, Mil-

waukee, Detroit, St. Paul, Kansas City,

St. 'Louis, and Louisville.



The medium through which apples

usually‘pass in the large markets are

the wholesaler, jobber, and retailer.

In the middle western market there is

a chain of retail stores which handle

apples in a very original manner.

They sell for cash, make no deliver-

ies, and have no telephones in their





stores. Their plan is to sell a peek

of apples proportionately as cheap as

they could sell a barrel. The concern

publishes a weekly newspaper which

in one week had a circulation of 26,-

000 copies. The glut on the apple mar-

ket last year produced an outlet in a

new direction—the five and ten-cent

stores. '

Consumer Pays for Delivery Service.

The investigators found that the re-

tail prices last year were maintained

consistently, regardless of prevailing

jobbing prices. The large margins

charged by the retailers, for the most

part, were due apparently to the small





amount 0f business handled, the per-'





ishable nature of the commodity, and

the cost of operation. It is this latter

feature that has much to do 'with'the

high cost of living. An elaborate and
DEC. 18, 1915.





efficient, delivery service .must be

maintained by the grocers, and many

small deliveries are made each day at

an actual loss to the dealer. A large

proportion of the grocery store pa-

trons buy on credit and pay when it

becomes convenient. Many of these

accounts are never paid. Hende it be-

comes apparent that the good customer

who pays his bill regularly each week,

or who pays cash, must suffer for the

shortcomings of others.



Many of the shippers last year

would have saved the cost of their

barrels, and the packing, loading, and

part of freight charges had they elim-

inated the poor fruit. They also would

have relieved their market, thereby

giving the good stocks an opportunity

to net a reasonable and profitable re-

turn. Aninstance of poor packing is

cited by the department in a case un-

der observation of an inspector in

New York. The fruit in the barrel

was supposed to be strictly No. 1

grade, two and a half inches mini-





llllllllllll!Illlilllllllillfl|lllllllllfllhllllllIIlllllllllllmlllllllllflfllfllhlmmMlllflfllllllllllmlllflillllmllHillI"ll||Illlll|IHIIIIIHHIIHIIIllHIIII“|III|llllillH“tilllHfllllllllilillllllilllIIIIHI||||IlllllIlfllllllllllllllllllll





Mr. Lubin at Chicago Conference





HE overshadowing figure at the

Chicago market conference was

David Lubin, of Rome, Italy.

David Lubin made his wealth in

California lands and merchandising,

and is one of the strongest represent-

atives of a noble type of Hebrews who

have reflected honor to their race and

in the service of mankind in the Uni-

ted States.

Dear to the heart of David Lubin as

a solution of economic ills is the

German landschaft, or land bank. A

whole community organizes themselves

into a land bank, which in all out-

ward appearances, is a very modest

desk in some village ofl‘ice or private

home. A member of the land bank

desires a loan on mortgage security,

His neighbors jointly and severally

obligate themselves in guaranteeing

the loan. Bonds are issued to the

party seeking a loan who in turn sells

four or four and a half per cent

bonds to whoever will buy them. The

sale,‘ however, is easily accomplished.

In the first place a government guar-

anteed title must be provided. The

mortgage runs for a long period, not

less than 20 years, and payments are

made on the amortization plan. The

borrower can use the loan only for

productive purposes, and must submit

to dictation as to soil fertility main-

tenance and farm management. In

default of payments the land is sold

and the residue given to the mortgagor.

Landschaft banks have operated for

over one hundred years and no under-

writers have ever been compelled to

make payment for default losses.

Marketing in Germany is facilitated

by an organization starting from the

smallest, political unit, like the town-

ship, then the county, the province,

the state and finally a select body of

seventy-three men are the oificial rep-

resentatives of agriculture. The sup-

ply of products is made ’by advices

from the bottom up, and from the top

down as to demand. The German

minister of agriculture is in constant

communication with the landwirth-

shafstrat or the imperial council of

agriculture, as to crop conditions,

prices, etc. At the present time this

official organization of agriculture has

control and is in complete charge or

the distribution of the food supply.

Germany has unofficial price fixing by

these officials, if such a statement is

not contradictory. The dumping of

the world’s surplus upon the German

markets is repulsed by tariff regula-

tions. Also the government lays by in

storage‘staple food products of suffi-

cient quantity to last two years for

military supplies. These storage stocks

in times of peace are fed out on the

market at opportune times to the ben-

efit of the consumer and laid by at

times which benefit the producer. How

well Germany has solved the market





\





THE MICHIGAN ,FARMER





23—567





 





mum in transverse diameter., This

fruit was regraded and two-thirds of

the contents were true to grade. The

other third was culls. The investigat-

or had no trouble in finding this bar-

rel of apples, and could have found

others just as poorly graded. The

condition of the original pack indicat-

ed ignorance, careless, or “sharp prac-

tice” on the part of the packer.



The studies conducted last year in-

dicate the need for more strict grad-

ing and careful handling, the elimina-

tion of culls from the fresh fruit mar-

kets, more intelligent distribution, and

the effective operation of co-operative

associations. Often when the individ-

ual growers act independently in mar-

keting the crops, there is little uni-

formity in the grading and packing,

much poor fruit is shipped, much good

fruit is forwarded in over-ripe condi-

tion, and the output of the community

is dumped on the markets with little

regard for equitable distribution or

proper storage conservation.





problem is seen in the doubling of“ her

great staple crops, in the past twenty

years and in the maintenance of her

food supply during the war with the

great sources of food cut off by block-

ade. David Lubin said that the Uni-

ted States must consider food supply

from the standpoint of a nation’s

needs, rather than that of individual

caprice as to distribution.



Mr. Lubin’s room was a busy place

for he had secured the chiefs of the

great mail order houses to aid in a

plan to adopt mail order plans to the

parcel post service for supplying the

needs of city consumers with country

produce. Others, with the writer, were

made actors in the drama of parcel

post distribution, playing the part of

Mr. Producer, Mr. Consumer and Mr.

Postmaster. Mr. Consumer buys cou-

pons in book form and gives his or-

der to the postmaster for his supplies

from the farm as he needs them. This





 





 

 





 





 





order is filled in one or two days'

time from Mr. Producer and on de~

livery there are no credit accounts,

but the coupons are torn off the book

Mr. Consumer had purchased before.

It is an extended meal ticket, ampli-

fled to secure the food beforehand andI

.the post office acts as the waiter.



One of David Lubin’s illustrations

was the dollar that, with added inter-

est, weighs down more and more. One

dollar at the end of a year’s time has

six or seven cents of interest piled on

top of it. The dollar that is free from

this toll gathers more services, and

more goods for the producer and the

consumer. The German system of

mortgage land banks and marketing

as the solutions of our problems was

Mr. Lubin’s great conrtibution to the

conference.



Shiawassee Co. .1. N. MCBRIDE.





APPLES IN COLD STORAGE.





 





An inquiry relating to the quantity

of apples in cold storage December 1,

as compared with the amount so held

a year ago, has been completed by the

Office of Markets. Three hundred and

thirty-nine firms report an equivalent

of 5,332,157 barrels in storage Decem-

ber 1 this year, as compared with 4,-

617,331. barrels a year ago. In percent-

age thls would mean that there were

in this country about 15.5 per cent

more apples the first of the month

than in 1914. Of this supply about 30

per cent is subject to the orders of

growers.





WASHTENAW HOLSTEIN BREED-

ERS MEET.





 





 





On Saturday, December 18, at 1:00

p. m., there will be organized a Wash-

tenaw County Holstein-Friesian Breed-

ers Association. The meeting will be

held at the omce of William B. Hatch,

of Hatch Herd, Rooms 1-2-3, 11 Huron

Street, Ypsilanti, Michigan. Every

friend of the Black and Whites is in-

v1ted to be present and participate.





 





Want a Christmas set of 106 pieces?

See page 564. ~





 





 

 

 





Prince Albert

puts the whole

smoke world at ease!





Gets down to trick-taking on the first-few-fire-ups, extracting smiles

of satisfaction and peaceful content where frowns once grew thick!

For, men find a bunch of jimmy-pipe—joy in Prince Albert! Be-

cause, the harder they smoke it, the truer it proves! The patented

process fixes that—and removes bite and parch!





FRINGE“ ALBERT





the national joy smoke





certainly makes it worth your while to get pipe-broke! It’s so

kindly to your tongue; it has such a smokeable-way-about-it!





Life's too short and time’s too speedy to worry with the tobacco

question. You get going down the trail for a supply of P. A. You’ll

locate it at any store that sells tobacco.

toppy red bags, 5c; tidy red tins, 10c; handsome pound and half-

pound tin humidors and in that joy’us crystal-glass pound humidor

with sponge-moistener top that keeps P. A. fit-like-a-thoroughbredl





R. J. REYNOLDS TOBACCO CO., Winston-Salem, N. C.





TY





 

   





Copyright 1915

by R. J. Reynolds

Tobacco Co.





It awaits your howdy in





.."w.,......... . : 1. . .





 





 





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





 





 





HARNESS





HORSE





CO LLARS





Ask Your dealer for the Label





Made andearranted by





ARMSTRONG '& GRAHAM





WHOLESALE ONLY.





DETROIT.





ESTABLISHED I880.





 





 





BOWSHER

FEED MILLS





, Crush ear corn (with or

without shueks) and grind



all kinds of small grain.



. Handy to operate—light-

est running. 10 sizes: 2to





bushels. Conical sha pe

Grinders. Different from

allothers. AbomakeSweep

Grinders.



Write for Catalog





, different feeds and manures.





‘ 25 h. 1)., capacity 6 to 200





 

 





GROW ,

HEALTHY

STOCK





A andfolderaboutthevalueot I





 





   

   





 





"In \'





CARBO

CORPORATION





T

117' Rand Italian! 31"") Chicalo





mg svsrsms for supporting





Wank . A renter for 100 acre farm one mile from g



. manufacturing town, 10,000 population,

In Southern Michigan. Owner wants a first-class man

who will furnish all and put' on stock. Just the place

for a good man who wants to rent for a long term of

years for a good deal less than the inter-mt he would

have to pay on his own farm. Answer RENTER,

Incarc of Michigan Farmer.





 





anted Position as Foreman on Farm handling draft

Horses or an on Cattle ranch. 41 yrs. old,





. ‘ married. nochiidren. Address Luck Box 113, Maple squeamish.





 





WANTED MEN and WOMEN





hustlers todlstribute free samples or extracts. on mks

$5 periluy. Address, Milton Remedy CO. Indian River, lick.





WA NTED- to swim wiggle





f b

F. Beyer. 782 McDougall Kve" wrait?§flch.





 





 





DOGS





F01. 00M. SKUIK lllll RABBIT Hall“:





Broke to n and field. Prices ri ht. F and

000: hours Ew- 5 each. Stamp for 50 3. oz

H. . LYTLE. Freder cksburg, Ohio.





"all“: FOB HUI"! 4°" °°°n "“1 MW“ ‘"

w. n. ucxv. w'umfflntgfi?‘





 





 





 





When writing to adver-

tisers please mention the





 





Michigan Farmer.
568-—Z4





/





THE MICHIGAN FA’RMER





 





DEC. 18, 1915.





 





Ejiiliilifillllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllliilllIllIllIlllllIIllllllllIllIIllIllllIllillllllllIIllllllllilllllllllllllllfl





Markets.





alumni]IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|III|IIllllllli|lIIIlI|IlllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

' GRAINS AND SEEDS.





llflllllllllllllllllllll





alflmfllfllfllflmlmlll





 





December 14, 1915.





Wheat—Good trading weather and

a substantial decrease in the“United

States visible supply of wheat were

important factors in bolstering up the

wheat market Monday of this week.

During preceding sessions of the ex-

changes values had gradually declined

from the season’s new high level a.

week ago. The bulls have been furth-

er encouraged by improvement in the

foreign demand, agents having offered

better values to secure the grain.

There is also a general restriction in

primary receipts throughout the north-

western states. It is now declared

that the recent advance in prices was

largely due to buyers covering orders

that were left unfilled by the action of

the Canadian government in taking ov-

er the wheat in terminal elevators two

weeks ago. Scarcity of cars is hinder-

ing the free movement of this and

other grains. The visible supply of

wheat decreased 2,773,000 bushels dur-

ing the week. One year ago No. 2

red wheat was quoted at $1.18 per





bushel. Detroit’s quotations last week

were:



No. 2 No. 1



Red. White. May.

Wednesday ._ . . .1.20 1.17 1.25





Thursday . . . . . .1.19 1.16 1.24





Friday . . . . . . . . 1.17 1.14 1.22

Saturday . . . .1.1796 1.141/2 1.23

Monday . . . . . . . .1.18% 1.15 1.24 1,6

Tuesday . . . . . . .1.19 1 16 1.24 V2





Chicago.——December wheat $1.161/4,;

May $1.171/4, per bushel.



Comm—Prices are down a little from

the high point of last week, but the

position of the grain is tolerably sat-

isfactory owing largely to reported?

so much inferior corn.

ceipts are not large and there is new

foreign inquiry for the grain. Good

corn is scarce. One year ago buyers

paid 641/20 for No. 3 corn at Detroit.

Last week’s local quotations were:





No. 3 No. 3



Mixed. Yellow.

Wednesday 68% 70

Thursday ...... . . . . . 68% 70

Friday ............,., 671/2 69

Saturday ........... 671,6 69

Monday ..... 67% 69

Tuesday ..... . . . . . . . 68 69 1,4





Chicago.—Decembe corn 67.30 per





bushel; May 70.7c.



Oats.—This trade is being favored

by information that a fair volume

of export business is being done. Pri-

mary receipts have been small and

the general domestic demand fair.

One year ago the local price for stan-

dard oats was 501760 per bushel. Last

week’s quotations were:





No. 3



Standard. White.

Wednesday . . . . ..... 47 45

Thursday 461/2 441,6

Friday 46 44

Saturday ..... . ..... 46 44

Monday . . . . . . . ..... 46 44

Tuesday . . . . . 46 44





Chicago.—December oats 420; May

450 per bushel.



Rye.—Market quiet and steady, with

N0. 2 rye now being quoted at 970.



Peas.—Steady and firm with small

supply. At Chicago the quotation is

$2.35@2.60, sacks included.



Barley.—-At Milwaukee the malting

grades declined to 63@680, and at

Chicago to 61@700.



Beans.—Market here dull but firm

with last week. Cash beans $3.55;

December $3.45; January $3.35. At

Chicago stocks are small and demand

fair at present prices. Michigan pea

beans, hand-picked, $3.85@3.95; prime

do. $3.70@3.75; red kidneys $4.65@

4.75





Clover Seed.—Quiet; prime spot and

December $12.40; prime alsike $10.25.

At Toledo prime cash $12.50; March

$12.25; alsike prime cash $10.40.



Timothy Seed—Steady at $3.80 for

prime spot.





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





Flour.——Jobbing lots in one-eighth

paper sacks are selling on the Detroit

market per 196 lbs., as follows: Best

patent $6.20; seconds $6; straight

$5.60; spring patent $6.50; rye flour

$5.80.



Feed.-——In 100-lb. sacks, jobbing lots

are: Bran $28; standard middlings

$25; fine middlings $30; cracked corn

$30; corn and oat chop $28 per ton.



Hay.———No. 1 timothy $18@19 a ton;

817@18; No. 2 timothy $15@16; No. 2

standard timothy $17@18; light mixed

mixed $10@12; No. 1 clover $10@12.



Straw—Wheat and cat straw $6.50

$7; rye straw $7.50@8 per ton.





Primary re- »





DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





 





Butter.—Demand for best creamery

is active, receipts of quality grades





light. Market firm. Extra creamery

33c; firsts 310; dairy 210; packing,

stock 190.





Elgin.——No change in prices but pre-

vailing values are cutting down con-

sumptive demand. Good grades are

scarce. The price, based on sales, is

33@34c.



Chicago.—Volume of trading light

as at present prices dealers prefer

storage stock. Prices are unchanged.

Extra creamery is 33960; extra firsts

31@33c; firsts 28@300; extra dairies

300; packing 19@19%c.



Eggs—Steady at last weeks prices

with supply equal to demand. Current

receipts are quoted at 300; candied

firsts 310.



Chicago.——Firm at unchanged pric-

es. New laid eggs are in good demand

and sell at premium prices. Firsts 29

@300; ordinary firsts 27@28c; miscel-

laneous lots, cases included 20@29c;

refrigerator April extras 21@220.



Poultry.—-Fowls and springers are

lower and spring turkeys, ducks and

geese higher. Demand is fair and the

market is quiet. Turkeys 16@17c;

spring turkeys 210; fowls 9@11%c,

according to quality; spring chickens

111,6@13; ducks 15@151,§c; geese 14

@150.



Chicago—Supply and demand are

both good. Prices are slightly higher.

Turkeys young and old 15@160; fowls

9%@121/2c; springs 131/30; ducks 13%

@140; geese 10@14c.





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





 





Apples.——Quuiet; no change in prices.

Greenings $3@3.50; Spys $3@3.75;

Baldwins $3.25@3.50; Steel Red $4@

4.50. At Chicago the market is steady

and firm. Prices are a shade better

than last week. No. 1 Greenings $2.50

@3; Jonathans, No. 1, $2.75@3.25;

Baldwins $2.50@3.50; Wageners $2.25

@275; Spys $2@3.75.



Potatoes—Market is firm at higher

prices for Michigan stock. Minnesota

whites are now quoted at 750: Michi

gan 70@750 per bushel. At Chicago

the demand is good at slightly higher

prices. Michigan potatoes not quoted.

Other prices range from 62@750. At

Greenville 600 is being paid to farm-

ers.





woOL.

Boston.——Notwithstanding this cus-

tomary quiet season which is used by

manufacturers for taking account of

stock and getting ready for the new

season, a fair amount of business is

being done by wool dealers and val-

ues are tending upward in sympathy

with advance in foreign markets. Con-

siderable quantities of fleeces are be-

ing moved at prices fixed by sellers.

Stocks are small and demand covers

practically the entire range of grades.

Michigan unwashed delaines are quot-

ed at Boston at 28@300; unwashed

combing 32@37c; unwashed clothing

24@300.





GRAND RAPIDS.





 





Dealers were paying 36c for fresh

eggs early this week but the hens are

starting to lay again and prospects

point to lower prices soon. Butter

remains unchanged. Live poultry is

in better demand, with prices as fol-

lows: Fowls and chickens 10@110;

turkeys 16@17c; ducks 14c; geese 10

@110. Not much change is noted in

potato and .bean market. Prices paid

at the mills for grain are as follows:

No. 2 red wheat $1.09; No. 1 white

$1.07; oats 400: No. 2 yellow corn

700; rye 850; buckwheat 750.





DETROIT EASTERN MARKET.



Extreme cold weather stimulated

buying from farmers at the eastern

market Tuesday morning. Apples were

moving a little better at. 750@$1.60;

poatoes scarce at 850@$1; cabbage

60@700; pork $9@9.60 per cwt; eggs

45@480; loose hay generally selling

around $20, but movement is of small

proportions.





LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Buffalo.

December 13, 1915.

(Special Report of Dunning and Stev-

ens, New York Central Stock

Yards, Buffalo. N. Y.)



With 200 cars of cattle on our mar-

ket here today, the market was dull

and draggy and in bad shape. The

heavy cattle were off from 25@400;

the best butcher cattle sold about 10

@150 lower and the medium kind 25c

lower. There are several loads left

over tonight unsold. We do not look

for much better trade until after the

holidays. There was one load of fancy

heavy cattle here today that sold for

$8.75. and there were a few fancy

yearlings sold up as high as 100.





 





Our market was sharply lower to-

day, owing to liberal runs at all west-

ern markets and a! fair supply here.

We had about 140 double decks to-

day, fully enough to supply all de-

mand, and from the close of Saturday

the price showed a loss of a strong

dime p‘er cwt., and with the opening

trade of Saturday, as much as 10@

200; pigs and lights sold- 10@150 high-

er. A few selected lots of hogs sold

at $6.75, with the bulk of the yorkers

and light mixed at $6.65@6.70; pigs

and lights generally $6.50; 'roughs at

$5.75@6; stags $4.50@5.25. About ev-

erything sold that arrived in time for

market, and while we look for a fair

trade balance of the week, would not

count on any big advance.



With 35 double decks of sheep and

lambs on sale here today, market was

active and prices 150 higher than the

close of last week. All sold and we

look for steady to shade higher prices

balance of the week.



We quote: Lambs $9.85@10; cull

to fair $7@9.75; yearlings $6.75@8;

bucks $4@5.25; handy ewes $6@6.25;

heavy do $5.75@6; wethers $6.50@

6.75; cull sheep $3.50@4.50; veals,

good to choice $10.75@11; common to

fair $8@10.50; heavy $6@9.





 





'Chicago.

December 13, 1915.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Receipts today..20,000 65,000 32,000

Same day 1914..33,204 38,993 25,498

Last week ...... 67,779 298,818 93,128

Same wk 1914..50,088 200,801 104,976



Shipments from here last week

amounted to 11,111 cattle; 47,959 hogs

and 9,670 sheep, comparing with 10,-

764 cattle, 42,928 hogs and 17,286 sheep

a year ago. Hogs received showed

further gains in weights, the average

weight being 191 lbs.



Cattle are firm to stronger today,

while hogs are stronger to 50 higher,

selling at $5.50@7.70. Prime lambs

and sheep are about steady, with bids

much lower for the in-between kinds.



Cattle receipts last week reached

enormous proportions, and with the

approaching Christmas holidays, when

poultry is so largely used in place of

other meats, the increased supplies

came at a most inopportune time. The

choicer lots of cattle met with a good

demand at firm prices, and the Christ-

mas cattle were in a class by them-

selves, selling at prices much above

those paid for other beeves, but the

rank and file of the cattle on the mar-

. 25@500. The greater

part of the s ers not of the holiday

class sold at a range of $6.50@9.60,

with the better lass taken at $9.50@

10.50, while Chri.tmas cattle brought

$10.75@13.60. The best holiday cattle

were Angus yearling steers that sold

at $13.60 and yearlings predominated

in other Christmas offerings. Sales

took place of inferior light-weight

grass-fed steers at $4.50@6.50, while

warmed-up steers sold at $6.60@7,

short-fed steers at $7.10@8.45, good to

choice steers at $8.50@9.50 and plenty

of steers fed for six months going for

$9 or a little better. Butchering cows

and heifers were taken at $4.25@9.50,

but few of the yearling heifers were

prime enough to go as high as $8, the

best cows. fetching $6.50@7. Cutters

brought $4@4.50, canners $2.50@3.95

and bulls $4.25@7. As a rule, the

highest prices for bulls and female

cattle were obtained . early in the

week, and the late market was in very

bad shapefor sellers. The calf mar-

ket showed considerable life, with

sales at $4@10.25 for coarse heavy to

prime light vealers. For weeks past

cattle of an undesirable class have

glutted the western markets, and

there is no prospect of an early

change for the better, as so many

stockmen are unwilling to take any

chances in wintering their holdings.

There was a fine display of Christmas

cattle, including the several breeds,

with the $13.60 steers selling 50 cents

above the next best lot. Angus cattle

comprised a large part of the holiday

display, with Herefords ranking next

in number. The $13.60 steers averag-

ed 1,121 lbs.



Hogs were marketed for still anoth-

er week in enormous numbers, and it

was rather surprising that prices stood

the strain as well as they did, quota-

tions reacting for the better class af-

ter severe declines, with $7 hogs rein-

stated. Naturally, the very good east-

ern shipping demand was a potential

factor so far as the better class of

heavy shipping barrows, were concern-

ed, these comprising but a small share

of the daily offerings, while as a rule

the hogs of light weight were slow to

rally after breaks in prices. Specu-

lators operated rather freely, buying

on the breaks and .taking advantge of

better later markets, thereby secur-

ing some nice profits. There is now

no quarantine division in the Chicago

stock yards, as only stock from free

area is allowed to come here, and cars

containing cattle and hogs get the

same treatment as solid cars of cattle,

hogs or sheep. Late in the week a

slump in prices occurred that left





 





 





quotations at $5.50@6.60, With light

bacon hogs at $5.50@6.15, heavy pack-

ing lots at $6.20@6.50, heavy shipping

lots at $6.50@6.60 and pigs at $4@

5.50. A week earlier hogs brought

$5.75@7.



Fat lambs and yearlings of medium

weights sold at high prices last week,

and so did fat wethers and ewes, and

even pr1me heavy yearling wethers

sold relatively high. Receipts contin-

ued meager as compared with normal

years, and the year’s receipts are away

behind those for last year. Lambs

sold at the highest prices paid this

month, and it was a great pity that so

many thin lots were marketed, as

they had to sell at a big discount. Re-

cent sales were made of feeding lambs

at a Wisconsin feeding station at

$8.40, being rather heavy, and feeders

brought $8.15@8.25 in Omaha. Late

sales of lambs were at $7@9.50, top

lambs selling higher than ever before

in December, and the advance for the

week was 25@400. Yearlings advanc-

ed 25@500, selling at $6.75@8.25,

while sheep were away up, wethers

going at $6@6.85, ewes at $4@6.35

and bucks at $4.50@5.



Horses were in larger supply last

week, with a correspondingly larger

general demand, making a steady

range of prices. The sales of army

horses to the French government were

liberal, and this outlet was also good

for army mules of good grade and

five years old or older. Inferior hors-

es sold as low as $25@500, with driv-

ers of any quality worth $100@200,

while wagoners sold for $150@200 and

good expressers up to $210. Drafters

were salable at $215@285, few going

as high as $240.





llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllIllilililIllll”llllillIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllll





Crop and_Market N otcs.





Michigan.



Branch 00., Dec. 6.—The fall sown

grains are small owing to late sowing

and weather conditions. Much corn

yet to husk and a lot of soft corn. A

large number of cattle are being fed,

but few sheep. Hay selling at $10@

12; wheat $1.10; corn. 700; oats 350;

potatoes 500; butter 250; eggs 320;

beans about $3.25; apples 50@750.



Hillsdale 00., Dec. 6.—Young clover

looks fine, while wheat and rye are not

as good as usual at this time of year.

Beans not a good crop, being poor in

quality. Buyers offering $3. About

half the corn crop still unhusked in

the fields. Many are holding their po-

tatoes for a higher price. Plenty of

feed for winter. Owing to the high

price of feeding lambs, not so many

as usual will be fed in this section.

Wheat $1.06; oats 320; rye 97c; pota-

toes 60@75c; apples $1 per bushel;

hay $8@12; clover seed $9; turkeys

scarce and bring 300 per pound dress-

ed; chickens 100; ducks 100; hogs

$6.75; cattle $4@6; veal $10.



Isabella 00., Dec. 7.—Good Winter

weather and ground is covered with

snow. Sugar beets nearly all drawn.

Bean threshing nearly done and most

of the farmers are selling their beans.

Other grain being sold, but little hay

being marketed. Not So many auction

sales_ as in previous years. Horses

plentiful. Wheat $1@1.03; white

beans $3.20; red beans $4; oats 320;

rye 8c; cattle $4@6.50; hogs $5.50;

veal calves $7; butter 24@260; eggs

28c;- potatoes 500; chickens 9@100.



. lemgston Co., Dec. 6.—We are hav-

ing good winter weather and ground

is frozen solid. Wheat and rye went

into winter with a very small growth.

About one-third of the corn crop still

in the field. Not many lambs being

fed. Wheat $1; rye 820; oats 35c;

corn 700; beans $3.20; potatoes 75c;

hay $8@14; butter 270; eggs 300.



New Jersey.



Morris 00., Dec. 7.—Weather mild.

Winter wheat and rye have made an

excellent growth. Farmers generally

have enbugh grain to carry them

through. Cows are selling at $60@

125. Wheat $1; corn 900 per cwt;

hay $20; potatoes $1; onions $1; ap-

ples35$1; chickens 160; eggs 480; but-

er 0.





 





New York.





. Columbia 00., Dec. 8—We are hav-

ing. the first fall of snow. Rye, of

which 'a large acreage is grown, is

promislng, as weather has been favor-

able. Feed scarce and high, as both

hay and corn were very short. Not

much feeding stock on hand. Timothy

hay $21; corn 75c; potatoes $1; onions

$1; chickens 18@220; butter 400; eggs

550 per dozen.

Pennsylvania.



Perry' 00., Dec. 6.—Wheat in fine

condition and more than the usual

acreage sown. Corn not all husked,

will. average about 90 bushels per

acre. Cattle in fine condition and feed



(Continued on page 569).





 





Avoid “The Rush" complications by

sending your subscription order early.-

PLEASE RENEW NOW.





 





 





‘l

4L

I
i





‘ .





 





 





N DEE.‘,“1"8. 1915. '





”THE “MICHIGAN FA’RMERV





 





THIS is THE LAST EDITION.





 





The first edition is sent to those who

have not expressed a desire for the

latest markets. The late market edi-





rtion will be sent on request at any





time.





Thursday's Market. ‘

‘ December 16, 1915.

Cattle.





Receipts 2154. There was a good

supply of stock in all departments at





the local yards and up to this. writing





it is still coming. The railroad ser-

vice this week was very bad and a

large amount had not been unloaded

Wednesday night that should have

been on sale early Wednesday. Thurs-

day shippers were very sore on ac-

count of 40 cars of war horses en

route to England being unloaded here

and taking most of their yards, mak-

ing it very hard to do business.



in the cattle division the trade was

fairly active on canners and bulls, but

dull on other grades. A few chorce

Christmas cattle were in the receipts

and brought $10 per cwt. ,Stockers

and feeders sold a trifle better than

last week and milch cows, especially

common grades, were dull and draggy.

'l‘he clOse was dull with quite a large

number held over. Christmas steers

$8@10; best heavy steers $7@7.50;

best handy weight butcher steers $6@

6.50; mixed steers and heifers $5@6;

handy light butchers $4.75@5.50; light

butchers $4.25@5; best cows $5@5.25;

butcher cows $4.50@5; common cows

$3.75@4.25; canners $2.50@3.50; best

heavy bulls $5.25@5.50; bologna bulls

$4.50@5; stock bulls $3.75@4.25; feed-

ers $6@7; stockers $4.75@5.50; milk-

ers and springers $40©80.



Sandel, S., B. & G. sold Charles 4

cows av 980 at $3.75, 1 do wgh 990 at

$4, 4 do av 905 at $3.50; to Hammond,

S. & Co. 3 do av 1083 at $5.25, 3 butch-

ers av 1097 at $4.75, 1 bull wgh 1100

at $5.25; to Mich. B. Co. 3 butchers av

730 at $5, 5 do av 868 at $6.15, 20 do

av 726 at $5.50, 2 steers av 785 at $6,

1 do wgh 890 at $5.50; to Bray 1 bull

wgh 1110 at $5.25, 4 cows av 945 at

$4.25, 3 do av 960'at $4.50, 2 butchers

av 910 at $5.25, 2 cows av 795 at $3.25,

5 heifers av. 740 at $5.75, 2 bulls av

990 at $5.10, 2 stockers av 595 at

$5.50; to Hammond, S. & Co. 3 cows

av 1017 at $4.25, 1 do wgh 1270 at

$5.25, 3 do av 943 at $4.25; to Feldman

2 bulls av 810 at $5.25, 1 do wgh 1350

at $5.30; to Bresnahan 5 butchers av

684 at $5.25; to Kamman B. Co. 6 do

av 813 at $6, 5 do av 960 at $5.50; to

Kull 7 do av 573 at $4.75, 3 do av 663

at $5, 2 bulls av 870, at $4.50, 1 do

wgh 970 at $5.25; to Belfort 2 cows av

1105 at $4.75, 4 do av 1195 at $4.75;

to Mich. B. Co. 1 bull wgh 820 at

$4.75, 5 steers av 1180 at $7.25, 1 do

wgh 1250 at $6.50, 30 butchers av 712

at $5.50; to Jackson 34 stockers av

502 at $4, 5 do av 546 at $4.25; to

Kull 4 steers av 800 at $6.



Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co.

4 cows av 1305 at $5, 2 do av 1000 at

$5; to Kamman B. Co. 1 bull wgh 1240

at $6; to Bresnahan 5 butchers av 790

at $5.50, 1 heifer wgh 610 at $5.



Veal Calves.





Receipts 581. The market on good

veal calves was fairly active at last

week’s prices, but common and heavy

grades were very dull. Best grdes $10

@1050; others $7@9.



Sande], S., B. & G. sold Kull 3 av

160 at $10, 4 av 145 at $10; to Klapper

2 av 115 at $9.50; to Nagle P. Co. 2

av 185 at $10.50; to Thomas & Co. 5

av 165 at $8.50; to Nagle P. Co. 2 av

150 at $8.50, 1 wgh 230 at $9, 3 av 130

at $9, 2 av 205 at $9, 1 wgh 260 at $7,

4 av 145 at $10, 4 av 155 at $9.



Reason & S. sold Newton B. Co.

9 av 155 at $10, 1 wgh 120 at $8, 3 av

175 at $10.



Roe Com. Co. sold Nagle P. Co. 2

av 145 at $8.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts 4675. The sheep and lamb

trade was active, a few choice lambs

bringing $9.70 on Wednesday but on

Thursday $9.60 was top, and the close

was active; the receipts in this de-

partment were very small and it looks

as though the large runs were over.

Best lambs $9.50; fair do $9@9.25;

light to common do $7.75@8.25; year-

lings $8; fair to good sheep $5.75@6;

culls and common $4@5.



Roe Com. Co. sold Nagle P. Co. 40

lambs av 85 at $9.50, 7 sheep av 75 at

$5. 28 lambs av 75 at $9, 123 do av 80

at $9.50.



Haley & M. sold Parker. W. & Co.

29 lambs av 80 at $9.65. 17 do av 75

at $9.25, 27 do av 80 at $9.50, 134 do

av 85 at $9.65.



Reason & S. sold Nagle P. Co. 41

lambs av 68 at $9.50. 15 do av 70 at

$9.25, 6 do av 70 at $7.50, 9 sheep av

115 at $5.25.



Hogs.

Receipts 18,380. In the hog depart-





ment the trade was dull at Wednes-





day’s prices. Pigs $6; yorkers and

mixed $6.35@6.50.; bulk at $6.45.





gill"!llillllllilllillllIiiiIlllll"IlllllllllliIIll"IiiI[HillI|llllllIiiillllmmlill"I"llilliilillllllllllilll"IEs

E ' ' o ’ E

E ’ E

WWWMWWWWWWHIWWW





CONDUCTED BY W. c. FAIR, V. s.





Ringworm.—My cattle are troubled

with what appears to me to be a new

disease and it gives rise to the fol-

lowing symptoms: First a small pim-

ple appears, later a sore spreads out

to about the size of a silver 50 cent

piece then a crusty-like sore appears.

In nearly all these cases the first

sores appear about the head, then lat-

er spreads to the body. I first noticed

this ailment two months ago. A. 11.,

Grand Rapids, Mich—I am inclined

to believe that your cattle are trou-

bled with ringworm and one infects

the other. Apply tincture of iodine to

sores three times a week.



R0arer.——~I have a horse that wheez—

es, and I am sure the whole trouble

is in his throat, the result of distemp-

er. Can he be cured? A. B. K., How-

ard City, Mich—«If the glands of his

throat are swollen, apply equal parts

of tincture of iodine and camphorated

oil every day or two; however, Idoubt

if you will obtain permanent relief

without resorting to a surgical opera-

tion for roaring.



Milk Fever—Chronic Mammitis.~—

We have a brood sow which I think

had milk fever soon after she farrow-

ed, following this sickness her udder

caked and swelled considerable, which

seemed to dry her completely. If I

breed her again will she have milk

enough for her pigs? C. Y., Norvell,

Mich—I believe she will be all right

when she farrows; however, a portion

of her udder may perhaps be blocked.



Stocking—J have a young mare

which appears to be perfectly healthy,

but when allowed to stand in stable

both hind legs stock to nearly twice

their natural size. What is the cause

and what can I do to remedy this ail-

ment? M. C. L., Hudsonville, Mich.—

Stocking is a result of feeding too

much grain when the animal is idle,

inactivity of excreting organs of body;

besides, improper elimination. Feed

food of a laxative nature and give 2

drs. of acetate of potash at a dose in

feed three times a day. Horses should

have daily exercise. .



Bog Spavin.—I have a three-year—

old filly that had enlarged hock when

only a year old and since I have been

driving her the bunch has doubled in

size. Would you consider this horse

sound? C. H. J., Vestaburg, Mich.—

No, this is not a sound horse. Clip

hair off and apply one part powdered

cantharides and four parts lard twice

a month, or you can safely use one of

the commercial blisters that are reg-

ularly advertised in this paper, but re-

member it is no easy task to reduce

bog spavin.



Barrenness.——Have a Jersey cow

that has had two calves, since then

she comes in heat regularly, has been

served three times, but fails to get

with calf. E. M., Roscommon, Mich.

——She may have an ovarian cyst

which your Vet. might crush, then per-

haps she would get with calf. Dis-

solve 2 ozs. of bicarbonate soda in

three pints of tepid water and inject

her when she comes in heat, and

breed her five or six hours later.





 





(Continued from page 568).

plentiful. A great deal of interest is

being taken in farmers’ institutes.

Wheat $1.02; corn 60c; oats 320; pota-

toes 850; six weeks’ old pigs $4 per

pair; turkeys scarce and selling at

21c per pound; eggs 33c; apples 800

per cwt. .



Ohio.





Brown Co., Dec. 7.—Weather is 6x-

tremely cold with plenty of snow and

rain. Farmers have plenty of rough

feed and most of them have their corn

and fodder in the barn. Wheat and

rye were sown late but looking well.

A good many hogs being fed. Wheat

$1.10; rye 900; timothy $15; clover

hay $12; corn 600; butter 200; eggs

27c per dozen.



Columbiana Co., Dec. 7.—-Weather

fine and farmers have work pretty

well done up in preparation for win-

ter. Wheat looks good, very little rye

sown. Good supply of winter feed. A

good many apples being shipped at

75@80c per cwt; wheat $1.10; oats

40c; corn 800; hay $16; potatoes 75c;

butter 28c; eggs 36c; veal $10.75;

hogs $6.50; farmers are receiving for

cream 80c per gallon; milk 20c per

gallon. .



Indiana.



Elkhart Co., Dec. 6.——Snow covers

the ground, and both wheat and rye

are in good shape. Farmers have

been shredding and husking corn. Cat-

tle not as plentiful as usual, but hogs

are in good supply. Enough feed on

hand for home use. Cream 48c for" 20

per cent fat; milk 70 at retail; hogs

$5.50: wheat $1; potatoes 500; hay

$12@14.





 





57

The strong, virile breed of manhood which has

forced the fortunes and guided the destiny of the

Great West is splendidly typified in Governor Curry,

and his endorsement of Tuxedo stamps it empha-





tically as a man ’s tobacco.





There is energy and action in Tuxedo.





up-ancl-doing smoke. It refreshes and perks up your

system like the rain and





crops.





delight. keep it filled with





J A Perfect Pipe Tobacco





Tuxedo has made pipe-smoking more popular

than ever before, because it's the one tobacco abso-





lutely without a bite.





All the sting and irritation are taken out of the

natural leaf by the original “Tuxedo Process. "

means that you can smoke Tuxedo steadily all day

long and never experience the slightest discomfort in

mouth or throat. There are plenty of imitations, but

Get the original.





only one Tuxedo.





YOU CAN BUY TUXEDO EVERYWHERE





Convenient, glauine wrapped, 5

moisture-proof pouch . . . C





In Tin Humidors, 40c and 80c





THE AMERICAN TOBACCO COMPANY





To make your pipe a source of everlasting





George Curry





fix-Governor of New Mexico

“Tuxedo appeals to me stmngbl

on account of its cool, mild. pleas-





ant flavor. Therein lies its super-

iority to all other tobaccoo. ”





4w

Tuxedo—





A Man’s Smoke





 





it's the





the sunshine on growing





This





Famous green tin, with gold

lettering, curved to fit pocket 106





In Glass Humidors, 50c and 90c





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 





 





 





 





   

 

 

   

   

   

   

 

   





That is what Mr. P. H. Nucnch said after he had thor-

ly out his Galloway on me. 1 h

dwe ht, lugo‘gore. lorliz stroke on Id

990061" to usopoworuno

or: m his neighb‘timood, e same no it

In every no: hborhood where known.

coolnua‘ “A ocesmo boll— .

., ,« ms ~1-





Cusu . .

opera: 3. Do not .- .

int 3001?? Into 11 sh

uy “K a Iriyp cc) speed-

_ _ ~ ed, light weigh short lived on-

‘ mneo that rock theme. on to pieces in a

- 3 mm: 0 season. Get my big ISO-pogo (—00 or catalog

roe. A postal eta It.En ,

noonpolis, ‘ lease, VA eterloo and Kansas ity.





WM. GALLOWAY 00-. Box 1% Name. Iow-





jCoony"' : A

‘ RICH-LAND-

TEXAS.- ~ - .





 





were you 0 portunity to own a home.

live well on make money. Delightful



5 climate permits outdoor wor I year.



. No expensive buns necessary. Twonn

three crops annually. Soil particularly

adapted to diversified fumin . Alfalfa

big money maker. Fine It country.

Land prices low to encour e dcvclo

ment. Let us help on {1:3 the 1" it

place. Write for boo ct on section at



. interests you: East Texas, West Texas.



. Gulf Coast. Southwest Texas.



. T. C. KIMBER. Gen'l Colonization Agt.



Iron Mountain Route.

. Room 806 Ry. Exch. Bldg..St. Louie.





v:





 





 





R“ Our customers demand large

g" “s quantities for Christmas. Ship

ciaiislias {3, :8 $358611 poultry until cold





Twentyoseven years in one store

CHICKENS assures experience and reliability.





Chas. W. Budd & Son





’ Detroit, Mich.

“GMT“ Owlcommlulon level-onto





H A OUR NEW LOCATION—-

was v1.3.1. ma... w. Pa.

Daniel McCaflrcy’l Sons Co.





 





 





 

 

   





   





The roblemo of ad unto

iuuml on vanish who? you

lnstalla“ Best " Lights em‘.

“ More than zoo styles are p ctured



in our catalog—every one of

them guaranteed to give a clear.

radiant white light at lower cost

than any other illumination you

can use. Argents wanted



THE B .3'1‘ Lion'i‘ 00.

280 In! 5th 8h, Canton, 0.





 





 





AUCTION SALE 0F FARM





Because of age and ill health, will sell to highest bidder

my 345 acre form located in Genesoe Co., Mich, l0

miles south of Flint, 6 miles north of Fenton. on stone

road. Best clay-loam soil, Good well and stream, 15

room brick house, 9 room frame house. barn 02 x 52,

horsebaru 20 x 30, Silo 12 x 32, out buildings. Will sell in

two parcels. Terms, half cash. $500 to be deposited on

day of sale, time on bill. at 6%. Sale on premises.





Wednesday. Dec. 29th, 1 P. M.

C. H. Knight, Prop. 'Stiles and Mortimore. Auc's.





SGY BEANS WANTED





 





Medium Ey. Green, Wilson. Ito San,

Early Black, Ogemaw.

FOR SALE

Choice 1914 Crop Seed Corn. Mammoth





and Alsike Cloverseed.





Edw. E. Evans

Lock Box 422. West Branch, Mich.





RUFUS B. HOLMES 00.





Bid]: and Rlopelle Ste. Detroit, Mich.





Commission Merchants





Poultry, Live or Dressed. Dressed Hogs. Calves.

Sheep and Eggs. Reference, Peninsular Savings

Bank. Sullivan Packing Co. Shipments Solicited.

Satisfaction Guaranteed.





F‘RMERsr—We are payinifrom eight to eleven cents

above the big cat official Detroit Market

quotation for your em chipped direct to us by ex-

press. Write on for information It Mill pay you.

Amulcan Butter 3: Cheeo 00.. Detroit. Mich





HE HARPSTER COMMISSION 00.. Union Stock

Tands, Toledo, 0., Sell live stock on commission.

get highest prices and best fills. Try them. Daily

market, force of six looks after yo u 1' interest.

Financmlly backed by over $1,000,000.





H A Y Ship Hyour good quality to us.





ghost Market Prices.

E. L. Richmond Co.,
57 0—26





Eggs .nd





 





T H E M IC'H re A





Exercise





By ' A. W. GALLAGHER





GOOD many elements are em-



bodied in that wonderful, much



sought after product— the win-

ter egg. Not the least of these ele-

ments is exercise. But this is often

overlooked just as a great many other

important factors are apparently lost

sight of.



Instead of keeping in mind all the

important little details, a beginner is

apt to emphasize one too strongly and

overlook a number of others that may

really be of much greater importance.



When a successful poultryman is

asked by an amateur what he feeds

the hens in winter, or what kind of a

house he has, he knows that the ques-

tioner has a great many things to

learn. And yet these same questions

may be asked by an experienced per-



- son and if truthfully answered by the

would-be poultryman, may furnish the

pey to the whole situation.



A Case of Poor Results.



A striking illustration of this oc-

curred at a farmers’ meeting, in an

adjoining district, last winter. Two

farmers were talking about winter

eggs. One happened to be the owner

of a very profitable flock of fine

Brown Leghorn hens. These hens

were known to be the only ones in the

neighborhood that were laying, at

that time, which was the coldest part

of the winter.



The two speakers had been compar-

ing notes and it was the amateur’s

turn to give his views. He could not

see why his hens were not laying.

They were of the same strain of

Brown Leghorn stock as those owned

by the other man. He fed a balanced

ration, the same as that used by his

neighbor. After nearly every side of

the subject had been discussed, his

neighbor inquired: “What kind of

poultry house do you use?” He looked

a trifle embarrassed, then replied:

“‘Nothing but the open-air house the

year round.” One is a Baldwin, one

a Jonathan, one a Rambo, and the

other is a Walldower.” Needless to

add, the subject was not pursued any

further.



Exercise Very Important.



To return to the text: Exercise is

almost as essential to the hen as food

and drink; yet the fact is too often

overlooked. Some varieties of chick-

ens are naturally active, and do not

have to be forced to take exercise,

while others will stand around and

wait for their feed and grow fat. This

is especially the case where hens are

kept housed in the cold part of the

winter. Some will hustle around of

their own accord while others will

not. It is the busy hen that lays the

eggs. The lazy one is the drone. If

the ration is properly balanced and

enough is allowed to keep the flock in

laying condition, then exercise is nec-

essary to produce eggs instead of fat.

All large fowls are known to take on

fat more readily than the smaller

ones. Last winter we tried a little ex-

periment. At the beginning of winter

two flocks of Rhode Island Red pul-

lets were put into winter quarters in

separate houses some distance apart.

There were fifty in each house. Both

flocks were given exactly the same

kind of rations and the general care

was the same, except that one bunch

was forced to dig for their grain while

the other bunch just “gobbled” up

theirs as fast as they could, without

any digging. A record was kept for

four months but all of the figures

would make tiresome reading. A few

may be of interest.



The Results of Exercise.



The smallest number of eggs laid

by the “busy” hens in any one day

was 15, and the largest number 46.

The smallest number laid by the

“drones” was two; the largest num-

ber 16.



We use litter from the barn and

dry leaves. Theleaves are best» be-





 





cause they contain no d-ust and do not

so readily become packed. The leaves

are of more value, also, to use as a.

fertilizer when mixed with the drop-

pings, because the leaves are free of

grass-and weed seeds.





 





THE SECRET OF SUCCESSFUL

EGG FEEDING.





 





Of human foods, the egg is classed

with those having a high protein con-

tent. In fact, it is one of the chief

protein foods for human consumption.



The hen is valuable to man chiefly

because she is the producer of this

valuable food product. While it is

true that she has been developed

from a wild game fowl to an egg ma-

chine, the results obtained from the

average'flock of chickens show that

this machine is not being worked to

its full capacity, even though the de-

sire of everyone raising chickens is to

keep them busy laying eggs.

Improper Feeding Common Cause of



Poor Results.



The conclusion one must reach in

regards to these poor results is that

somewhere the management is not

right. Close investigation will show

that the method 'of feeding ‘is most

often at fault. It is an indisputable?

fact that we cannot make, gold out of

dross, or'anything. but gold. It is just

as unreasonable to think that we can

make a highly concentrated protein

product as the egg out of a ration that

is utterly lacking in that matter. This





is the cause of most of the poor re-'





sults in egg production.





Feeds rich in protein are the most,





expensive, while those containing a

large per cent of starch, the grains,

are the kind most commonly grown on

the farm. These feeds, being so

handy, are fed to the hens in too

large proportions to produce good re-

sults in egg production, as a proper

balance between these two kinds of

feed is absolutely necessary for good

results.

Egg Producing Feeds.



In the summer the hen balances

the starch feeds by eating insects and

worms, if she is allowed her freedom,

but in winter the protein must be

supplied. Feeds which will furnish

the protein are meat, milk and bone.

Of these, the first two are so useful

for other purposes that the hen usu-

ally stands little chance of getting

any, but fresh bone, or green bone, as

it is usually called, is in most cases a

waste, or is sold very cheaply by

butchers for fertilizer purposes, and

is one of the best protein foods for

poultry. It can be procured from al-

most any butcher for a nominal price,

often for nothing, and if ground and

fed to the chickens at the rate of a

half ounce per hour per day will ac-

complish wonders in egg production.

The Use of Bone for Egg Production.



There are two precautions neces-

sary in the use of green bone for poul-

try feeding. One is to select uncon-

taminated bone from fresh meat. That

from salted meat will not do. With a

very little experience one can pick out

the spoiled and salty bones. Contam-

inated bones may cause diarrhea, as

will also an overfeeding of fresh bone.

The other essential is that the bone

is ground fine enough to permit of

easy assimilation by the hen. To do

this there is nothing better than the

bone cutters advertised in the poultry

columns.



Dry bone is also good for poultry

feed if put through a bone cutter.

Both fresh and dry bone, besides fur-

nishing valuable protein feed, are rich

in mineral matter so necessary in the

formation of the egg shell. Therefore

if good bone can be procured and a

good bone cutter is at hand; the poul-





tryman need not worry‘about getting





eggs in the winter, if he uses com-





N ’ F A R M E R



mon sense in the general care of the

chickens, , because both ; commercial

and scientific tests have proven that

ground bone is one of the most eco-





nomical and eflicient egg producing

foods there is.





 





'rHE CHRISTMAS GOOSE.





 





There is a growing demand for well

fattened young geese in all large cit-

ies at the Christmas holidays. The

Jewish housewife, whose religion does

not allow the use of lard, provides in

its place goose grease in large quan-

tities.



These fowls may be taken direct

from good pasture and put upon the

market; however, the quality of the

flesh and weight is improved by pen-

ning and feeding a special fattening

ration for at least ten days. A good

ration for this purpose is dampened

corn meal to which about 15 per cent

of beef scrap has been added. Give

oats and corn for the evening meal;

the corn and oats should be cooked or

scalded. They must have green food

and we are careful not to give enough

grain to spoil their appetite for green

food. Any of the ordinary vegetables

will do for green food. A trough of

sharp grit and another of fresh water

should be kept near fattening geese

at all times. A frame of slate over

each trough will help in keeping wa-

ter and grit clean. '



Fattening geese should be penned

out of sight and hearing of the other

geese. Do not shut them up in the

dark, this causes them to lose interest

'in life at a time when they should be

tempted to eat all they possibly can.

Feeding pen should be cleaned daily

and the birds should have a liberal

bedding of cut straw on floor of pen.



Geese require less feed and time for

fattening when they have been fed

some grain at evening from gosling-

hood up to the time when they are

ready to fatten for market.



It is a mistake to pluck geese just

before killing to save the feathers.

This inflames the skin and injures the

sale. _



Geese can be made a profitable fea-

ture on the farm where they have free

range and access to running water.

The fowls and feathers both bring a

good price and they are not difficult

to raise—will live largely on grass in

summer. FRANCES WOOD.





 





DOOR ARRANGEMENT FOR TRAP

NEST. .





 





I fiind in the, Michigan Farmer of

May 22, 1915, a picture of an easily-

made trap nest, also a description of

it, but nothing said about how it is

closed after the hen enters the nest.

Would you please explain it) more





fully?

Hillsdale Co. Mrs.'C. H. R.

If you will look at the illus-

trations of the trap nest. in the May

22 issue, you will notice that it has a





partition across the middle of the box,





 





 





 





 





and this partition has an opening just

large enough for a hen to get through

comfortably. .



The wire, bent somewhat in the

shape of the figure “7,’f-works the

trap-door. The downward stroke of

the figure 7 is on the inner side of the

partition and crosses the opening in

it. The horizontal stroke is attached

to the top of the partition and is so

arranged that the end of it catches a

little staple in the bottom of the door

when the door is up. When the hen

passes through the opening she push-

es the wire aside and in that way

lets the door down.



The sketch shown here gives a side

view of the nest, which will probably

make more clear this trap-door ar-

rangement. '





DEC. 18, 1915.

EXPERIENCES WITH A SMALL

FLOCK OF HENS.





 





We were very .- much interested in

the article, “The’H‘en as awFactor in

Farm Profits,” and would like to see

more of the same kindln the poultry

department. There are hundreds of

poultry raisers' in Michigan that could

tell of interesting experiences in their

efforts to make a success at poultry

raising. We have talked with a large

number of men who are factory work-

ers, and about eight out of every ten

have an ambition to get out on a

small piece of land and try their hand

at raising poultry. Perhaps not one

out of every ten will ever realize their

ambition, and not over one in ten

would make a success of it if they

did. The idea that any person who

has not succeeded at anything else

can make a success at raising poultry

is about out of date. We have had

some experience all our life in raising

farm poultry but not-until we tried it

in a commercial way did we realize

how little we knew about it.



Early Experience.



A few years ago we moved from

the city on to a small suburban place

of two acres and started with about

100 Barred Rocks, and for three years

we failed to make them average over

100 eggs per year. . After we had tak-

en out the price of the feed we had

only about one dollar per hen for our

net proceeds, so we disposed of Rocks

and started in last year with a small

flock of Leghorns. On May 15, 1914,

we had 120 chicks hatch, out of which

we got 55 pullets. On November 30,

we got our first egg and the following

is the record for ten months:



December, 328 eggs; January, 876;

February, 716; March, $1,000; April,

1,178; May, 1,150; June, 958; July,

913; August, 687; September, 206. A

total for the ten month of a little

over 667 dozen, an average of a little

over 145 to the hen. The eggs sold

for $164.60, and the feed for the ten

months cost $59.60, leaving a balance

of $105 for our share of the invest-

ment. I



Last spring we started in with the

hope of raising 200 or 300 pullets, and

on April 1 had a fine lot of 170 chicks

hatch, that gave promise of giving us

a fine start for our early fall layers,

but on April 15 and 16 130 of these

chicks were killed by rats or weasels,

so that our hopes for that hatch were

suddenly dashed to pieces. But we

did not give up and now have about

250 fine pullets, and on October 31 we

got the first egg from our pullets, just

one month earlier than we did last

year. Contrary to what nearly all

poultry journals claim that eggs from

pullets mated to cockrels would not

bring out strong chicks, our chickens

were nearly all hatched from the eggs

of our 55 pullets, with only two cock—

erels in the flock. About 65 per cent

of the eggs put in the incubators

brought out fine healthy chicks.



Judgment Necessary for Success.



Now, after having passed through

our first year, when we really spent

very much time in the business, we

can look back and see where we can

improve on last year’s efforts. In the

first place we shall try and hatch our

chickens earlier in the spring, so that

our early pullets will commence lay-

ing before the yearling hens go into

the molt. Next we will cull our flocks

closer, and try and keep only the best.

Also, we will take all roosters out of

the flocks and only mate them through

the breeding season. If we can not

use the trap nest we will gather the

eggs for the incubator from the early

morning layers as they are more apt





to be the best of the flock. There are





a. great many other problems [that

come up in the poultry business that

can only be solved as they make

themselves manifest, and to solve

these problems calls for good judg-





‘ment on the part of the individual





who expects to make a success at the

business. A. L. S.





 





‘
m-‘W-





 





,hens.





DEC. 18, 1915.





' The Hen House Floor





at all, but to insufficient ventilation.

The air should be changed often

enough to carry out all the moisture





S a rule hens will lay more eggs

A the first year they occupy a



new house than they will lay

any succeeding year. This is because

the building, to begin with, is perfect-

ly clean. Later it becomes more or

less infested with lice, dust, filth,

and disease germs 'of various kinds,

and the only way to keep up the egg

record is to each year give the house

such a thorough cleaning that it is, so

far as cleanliness goes, as good as

new. ,



Much may be done toward this end

by whitewashing, spraying with one

of the coal tar disinfectants or fumi-

gating with sulphur. In this way all

of the interior can be reached if the





floor is of wood or concrete, but com- ’





paratively few houses have a good

floor. To clean a dirt floor it is neces-

sary to remove the dirt to the depth





- that has been worked in by the hens





and fill up again with clean soil. This

is so much of a job that it is often

put off from year to year and usually

is not done at all. The hens get their

winter exercise by scratching in the

finely pulverized droppings of last

year and perhaps two or three years

before. The filth and germs that fill

the air on a busy day may not actual-

ly cause disease, but they keep the

iowls from reaching that perfectly fit

condition which is necessary to a good

egg yield.

Concrete Floor Best.



For economy a floor of wood or



concrete is indispensable and from





practically all points the latter is 120‘





be preferred to the former. Concrete

is cheap, is easily laid and will last

for all time. Wood is expensive, less

durable, and except for portable hous-

es should not be recommended.



There are two objections to con-

crete floors, both of which, however,

may be easily avoided. Dampness,

which can be overcome by having the

house on a foundation 3. foot or so

above the surface of the ground, with

the floor level with the top of the

wall, by placing a layer of small

stones or cinders under the concrete,

or by laying heavy tarred felt or cheap

roofing paper under the concrete. It

is claimed by some that hens on a

concrete floor lose their toenails by

wearing them off while scratching.

This may be avoided by having a

smooth surface and using six inches

to a foot of litter. Some advocate

having an inch arm of clean sand on

the floor in addition to the litter, but

I have never found it necessary.



Laying Concrete Floor.



If the soil beneath is firmly packed

an inch of concrete is thick enough,

using four parts of sharp sand to one

part cement. After laying a strip of

floor sift on about a pint of clear

cement to each square yard and trow-

el down smooth. This will give a very

hard, polished surface which will not

only be easy to clean but will cause

no undue wear on the toes of the

With cement at a dollar and a

half a barrel, and not counting cost of

sand or labor, this floor can be laid

for about five cents a square yard. A

house 12x24 feet in size can be floored

for not over two dollars, about one-

sixth the cost of a board floor.



Among the many advantages in hav-

ing the poultry house well floored are:

Saving in grain, since none of it is

lost by being buried in the dirt; sav-

ing in litter, as it will keep clean

longer; saving in labor; gain in health

of the flock and consequently an in-

crease in the number of eggs when

the price is highest. When all of

these items are considered the ‘cost is

saved several times over the first

year. '



Avoiding Dampness.



To avoid dampness greater precau-

tions should be taken on clay than on

sandy soil, but much of the dampness

we hear about in connection with

concrete 11991.5 is not due to the floor





.





THE MICHIGAN FARM ER





discharged from the lungs of the

fowls, otherwise the litter will become

damp. A clean house with plenty of

litter, sunlight and ventilation will go

farther toward getting winter eggs

than a balanced ration.



Van Buren Co. C. N. WHITAKER.





 





TREATM ENT FOR ROUP.





 





I have some hens whose heads are

swollen. There is also! a watery

froth in their eyes, but they do not

seem to be sick. I would like to know

what it is.



Huron Co. D. Q.



Your chickens show symptoms of

roup, which is a very common disease

which attacks poultry at this time of

the year.



Roup, or contagious catarrh, as it is

sometimes called, shows itself in the

fall when the chickens are housed

and when hand feeding is used almost

entirely. Therefore, at this time of

the year chickens do not get the usual

amount of exercise, are affected by

dampness and lack of ventilation of

coops, and are often fed table scraps

or mashes which become easily con-

taminated.



The symptoms of this disease vary

considerably, but the most common

ones are swelling of the head, dis-

charges from the eyes and sometimes

from the nose, and inflammation of

the mouth, in which sometimes cank-

ers and false membranes are formed.

In advanced stages of the disease the

chicken becomes drowsy and listless

and loses weight. There may be some

slight attacks in which only the eyes

or the mouth are affected, the bird

otherwise being apparently healthy.



The essential treatment for this

trouble is to rectify the conditions

which are likely to cause it. Make

sure that the coop is dry and has

plenty of ventilation without drafts.

Roup is not often found where the

hens are housed in the open front

type coop. Also make sure that the

food and water are fresh and clean.

Any bird which shows symtoms of the

disease should be isolated from the

rest, and all dead birds either burned

or buried deeply. It is also a good

thing to thoroughly disinfect the

house and yards if the chickens are

kept yarded, by removing all rubbish

and litter and spraying with a good

coal tar disinfectant.



The use of potassium permanga-

nate in the drinking water is also of

great value. A saturate solution is

made by dissolving as much of this

substance as the water will take up.

In using the solution in the drinking

water, from one to two teaspoonfuls

should be added to ten quarts of

water.



Many think it is not advisable to

treat fowls which have this disease,

as the birds, while apparently cured

very often retain the disease in chron-

ic form and are generally the means\

of spreading it to the healthy ones in

the flock. The sanitary methods sug-

gested above are the chief ones neces-

sary to satisfactorily control this

disease.





POULTRY SHOW HINTS.





 





By observing the best of your breed

and studyin‘g them you form an idea

of the correct breed type and this is

a valuable asset in selecting the right

birds for your pens. The experienced

poultry breeder has his vision of the

breed type and has learned how to

select good birds by constantly ob-

serving stock and striving to make it

better.



Read over the Standard of Perfec-

tion as far as it concerns the breeds

in which you are interested. Then

-visit the poultry show and the ex;

hibits will have an added interest.



Ingham Co. R. G‘. KIRBY.





 





 





 





 





2’1 —571





A sole that’s not afraid

of hard work!





 





 





 





Goodrich Tires.





Built like a Goodrich

uto ire.





"Best in the Long Run"





Goodrich Tires run thousands

of miles without showing appre-

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they are made in the same way—

of the same tough rubber—give you

the same long-wearing service as





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lions of enthusiastic users demand

“HIPRESS” and will accept no other.

Ask—your dealer for “EPRESS.”





ealer—If you are not one of our 27,000 dealers,

write quick for prices and samples.





The B. F. Goodrich 00.

fig. AKRON, omo





Goodrich

“HIPRESS”





"— The original





Brown Rubber Footwear





“With the Red-Line ’round the Top”





 

   





 





Ask for the





"RED'LINE"





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





M il-





 

 





There is only one .gipress Rubber Boot and Shoe, and it is made with the REDLINE 'round the top.





 





Just One 3 '5

'_ Gallon





of on ./,_





X-Ray completely

hatches on- o no

gallon of oil—just

one filling. Fill the

X-Ray tank with one

gallon.liglrt the lamp

and you are through

filling lamps. No cold corners, no overheated

ll —X-Ray automatic trip regulates the (lune.





X-Ray Incubators

and Brooders

Lamp is direct! underneath —h t 'ed b

X-Ray Duplex éeater to all cogr‘ieriialgerfocz

hatches, Vigorous chicks the result. X-Rny per-

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are a. few of the X-m Fifteen

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Express Prepaid





We repay ax to tactically



all) inn—.5539: be elayed by



n ow freight. Free book No.



29 of inestimnble value



to pool miners —- tells all



that X- Incubators and

Brooden. lid for it.





The X-Rny Incubator Co.

‘ one. 29 Do: Help». im





 





Chicken“





.§\

/,

., . . /

lncome . 3.....-

- ' ' The first etc is to get in

touch with the ohmons. who

have pointed the way to 650.000

others. Let me send you the bookand

show you how you can start with a

small outlay and get a good big in-

come coming your way. ‘





Old Trusty





provides an assured income with big

a v e r a g e

hatches the whole year

around. Write _i'or low

rice made by big output

his year. We pay freight

East of Rockies- we 40

t090 days’ trial— 0 year .-

guarantee. -

M. M. JOHNSON co.

Clay Center, Nebr.





155

Lowest PriceYetl LGG| l





MINCUBATOR





Wonderful bargain. built from best materials

Russiawmstlrissasr‘s War “it“

e e _



Hooter—Doublo-Dinc “Msg'egymfipfiofl It?"



Takes The Gueuwork Out Of Hatching

$223,: an hatch“? 3w. Randi-13d. of dfid nix- cell-

mmfififiafi paid .ofighkiece. one "313%

__ Bmcgtmtlt not . grder

special a»: Mammary “d



Progressive Incubator .



_ Box 1“ mam. “r-co '-





 





 

   

   

   

   

 





 





 





 

 

   

   

   





 





 





Oat Sprouier $2





For $2.00 you can build the simplest.

most efficient, easiest to operate and very

best oat-sprouter ever constructed. A

boy can make one in an evening with no

tools but a. saw and hammer. Cost of

operation for a. 40-hen size less than 70 a

month. There are thousands in success—

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for building, 250 postpaid.



I. PUTNAM. Route 111 BLMIRA. N. Y‘





 





 





BIG FOUR POULTRY JOURNAL—the Practical

Poultry Paper for Practical Poultry Raisers; only

fiaper devoted exclusively to the poultry interests of



linoin, Indiana, Michigan and Wisconsin. It's

YOUR Ruper! you i-‘houldrend it. Bright, Snnpfi, Live.

SPEC] LOFFER' 6 mos. ’l‘riiilSubscription ' . Send

stamps. Big Four Poultry Journal, Desk 26. Chicago.





Conkey's Roup Reme y.





Rou has no terrors for the poultry owner who

& uses d 50c.

NKEY CO. CLEVELAND.





 





POULTRY.





BARBER ROCKffdfii' 239.333 “innit:





season. FRED ABTLING. Constantine, Ml‘fillgfln





ROCK oooxnnan. i . t

I.".d l'llllWlllllll raised from rizewinni argffocfirg;

each, two for :6. J. A. BABNIfiVI, Union City, Mich.





Barred Hock enamels—20° “fit“? l‘fi‘éfimim'

W. C. Coflgnnu. R. 3. Benton lfnrbor. Mich.





 





 





 





 





A few exhibitionBufl RockBens for

”rd [dull F'misaleflitoflOeach. 8.0.Bufl horn

Oockerels $1.50 to 88. Blue Orpington Goekerels toflO

each. Our Buff Rock: won thre - firsts and one fifth Cl-icn o

1914 on four entries. Bird Lawn Farm. Lawrence, Mic .





 





BRED—TO—LAY R. C. Rhode Island Reds. Breedin

Cookerels. A few extra good ones from Vibert, 2

egg strain. J. C. Greene, St. Johns, Mich.





 





' —200 Egg Strain. Ono customer's

Ferns [fighoms flock averaged 102 eg s in six winter

mos... another 181 eggs in 10 mos, anot or eggs in



mos. ion can do as well. Eggs, chicks, breeding

stock from hens with records up to 264 eggs. Prize

winners at largest shows. Prompt shipment, priceslow.

uality guaranteed. White Le horns are best foreggs.

e raise thousands. Free cats 03 and price list ivos

pggigziill‘i‘im.fV\rl'i-ite c{or it; now. 16 $3113? uare den iii -

11 ii so p case one omen-i. 3 . LEGHOR

FARM, 93417nion, GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.





PINE CREST WHITE ORPINGTONS, why wait un-



ttlll Slprin ttogiurghiiss stttmk, bay buying now, you

Re . e )ene 0 re uce I‘ll esan t . '5 ll " t .

Mrs.Wlllls Hough. Pine Crest Farmfg‘itdygifigak‘.‘ll\liligd.





 





Rose Comb Brown legliorn Cookerels

From Mud. Sq. and Mich. and Ohio State Fair win-

ners $1.50 each. CLAUDIA BETTS. Hmodale. Mich.





 





RHODE ISLAND REDS and PLYMOU TH ROCKS,

Mules 5 to 12 lbs. according to age$2 to $5;P. R. ens

WBlghL 5 to 9% lbs.. eggs 15 for 31.00: P. R. eggs $5pe 100.

Mammoth Bronze Tom ’l‘urkeys. 8 to 38 lbs. according

to age 38 to $25, 10 6883 33. A. E. Cramptou, Vassar. Miclil





 





llose comb Brown Leghorn Bockerelsfiuéfiswmf‘lfiiffi

hatched.,bred from prize winners, well matured, good

color. 31 each. E. HIMEBAUGH. Hillsdale, 1\'licl).





 





C. and S. C. R. 1. Red Cockerels, W.Emden Geese

. B. O. Ducks and White African Guineas. Fine

stock. Prices reasonable. 0. E. Hewley, Liidingtou,Mlch





Silver laced Golden and While Wyandollos.co§;3‘.§l,





a Bpecifllt)’.Circulan free. C.W.Browning. Portland. Mich.





 





tnndnrd bred S. C. W. Leghorn Cockerels, Pure

k White, five point combs. We wonlst cock. on,

State Fair this year. Prices $2 to $25. Wishbone

Leghorn Farm. A. B. h J. M. Wilsey, n.6, Ann Arbor.Mich.





' a fine lot, male and femalent

White Wyandotte low price and write your

wants. DAVID RAY. ”Forest Ave” Ypsilanti.Mioh.





ite P. Rocks. Pekin and white runner ducks,

White uinens es and day old ducks and chicks.

H.v. om’rng . St. Johns. Michigan.





Mention The Illchlgaii Farmer When Writing Advertisers
572—28





[EilllliilillIIIIIIHHIIIIIIIHIllHZIIIHIHI||llllllllllllliliillillilIlllliiiilliHiillllHIllflflllllllllfllllflllllfi





s; Grange. s

Elm“I|Ililllillllllllllllilllllllllllllill|IlllilllilillllllllilllllllilllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllfi





RURAL SOCIAL PROBLEMS.





 





This is certainly a question well

worth the consideration of any group

of people. It is a question that con-

fronts the rural community more

than any other. I believe the things

to be first considered are:





Why do the young people leave





their country homes and go to the

towns and cities? Not only the young

people, but the older ones as well.

Why is it that the majority of coun-

try towns and cities are made up of

retired farmers? Let me tell you one

big reason. The women of the farm

homes do not have the modern con-

veniences that their “city sisters”

have. A great many farm homes now

have the conveniences, such as light,

furnaces, hot and cold water, bath,

etc., but the big majority still use

kerosene lights, the same as their

great-grandmothers did when they

were living.



I do not recall a single farmer who

does not have some, if not all of the

up-to-date machinery to carry on his

farm work, but the farmer’s wife may

and does have to carry in and out

every bit of water used in the home.

It is this and other things that make

the farmer move to the towns. His

wife and daughters rebel. Will you

say it isn’t the lack of proper machin-

ery to work with that makes the

young man go to the cities? No, per-

haps not. What is there so attractive

about city life for him, then? It is

the lights and the excitement and the

fact that there are others around

about him, even though he does not

know a soul to whom he can talk.

While at home he has nothing to look

forward to but an evening spent list-

ening to a discussion on the latest





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FA-‘R'M-‘ER





work.





We'd rather stay in the city

and starve. No, sir, we stay right

here." '





This man, since he became gover-

nor has been trying to solve this

problem. The question of sociability

of the country compared to city life

now confronts.





' i think you will agree with me that

the schools and churches are the two

institutions to be considered. Why

should the schools be closed from

May until September and longer? Why

not combine several districts into one

center?



But the sentiment concerning the

“old red schoolhouse” is so deep-seat-

ed that it takes a lot of pounding to

get men to see the opportunity offer-

ed. Too' many say, “What’s good

enough for me is good enough for my

children.”



The farmer must

through his pocketbook.

through his imagination.



My own experience along this line

comes to me just now. One of my

eighth grade boys said in agricultural

class the other day that he did not

see any use of studying agriculture,

the books didn’t tell him anything he

didn’t know about it. He said he

didn’t need to go to high school or

M. A. C. to learn how to farm. That

child’s imagination had never been

worked upon so that he could see the

possibilities of an educated farmer.

With consolidated schools we form a

regular business of transportation to

and from school, making the need for

good roads everywhere more impera-

tive. With better roads the people

will get out oftener evenings to at

tend social gatherings. An entertain-

ment might be appointed in the com-

munity and parties arranged for on

every occasion possible.



Another thing, the children are in-

structed in agriculture, manual train-

ing and cooking. They get a higher

idea of the dignity of labor and lose

much of the'idea to go to the city and





reached

The child





be





..-,o._w- . . -_ .





 





 





Hill Auditorium, Ann Arbor,

State Grange is Being Held.





neighborhood gossip, or the style of

Mary’s new dress or James’ latest dif-

ficulty in school. No, this is not sat-

isfying enough. It lacks novelty, some-

thing to look forward to. VJhy men

will beg before they will go to the

country to work. You Grangers all

know how hard it is to get help when

you need it.



Just let me give you an example of

this:



Before the present governor of Min-

nesota became the chief executive he

was sent by a commercial club to

Minneapolis, where they said hun-

dreds of men were out of work, to see

if he couldn’t get men for the harvest

fields. He approached a group of

men and asked them if they wanted

work. The said, “We’ll do anything

to get money.” He told them what he

wanted of them and they immediately

lost all enthusiasm. Seeing this he

inquired the cause. One man spoke

and said: .



“We don’t want to go to the coun-

try, boss; there's nothing there for

us; no life, no entertainment, no





lights, nothing but monotony and





Where the Forty-third Annual Session of the





“ladies” and “gentlemen”

than farmers and farmers'





become

rather

wives.



Along with this educational move-

ment I would suggest a dash of the

social element. School houses and

churches that have been dark at

night let them be ablaze with light

and gay with music and song. Fre-

quent entertainments at the schools,

illustrated lectures, moving pictures,

concerts, athletic entertainments, etc.,



i could properly be held.



In the warmer months of the year

boys and young men may be trained

in athletic sports and competition fos-

tered. At the same time the girls and

young women will be given instruction

in the care of the home, interior dec-

orations, etc., classes in botany, geol-

ogy and other “out-door” studies

might be organized if interest was

shown along that line.



All of this can and should be done

by the Grange. Therefore, let the

slogan for Grange and rural commu-

nities be, “More lights and entertain-

ments, more young people on the

farms.”———Miss Claramae.





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Associational Motto:





.“The skillful hand with cultured

mind is the farmer’s most valuable

asse .”





 





Associational Sentiment:





“The Farmer: He garners from the

soil the primal wealth of nations.”





THE ASSOCIATIONAL MEETING.





 





The Twenty-third Annual Meeting

of the Michigan State Association of

Farmers’ Clubs was held in the Sen-

ate Chamber of the Capitol building

on December 7-8, 1915. The attend-

ance at the opening session, and in

fact, throughout the meeting, was

good, the senate chamber being well

filled at every session.



The morning session was devoted

to the transaction of routine business,

including the appointment of commit-

tees and the presentation of resolu-

tions. At the opening of the after-

noon session the associational secre-

tary, Mrs. Brown, presented her an-

nual report, which was in part as fol-

lows:



The Secretary's Report.



I feel it an honor to be secretary of

these men and women who are the

very marrow and sinew of our state

and nation in wealth, and better than

that, the moral and spiritual uplift of

our cities and villages. With this hon-

or conferred on me, and with such a

good vote as you gave me last year.

I have tried my very best to give the

time and work required for this asso-

ciation, although it has meant re-

sponsibility and sacrifice of pleasure,

which I am glad to make, if by so do‘

ing we can benefit someone else. We

all want a part in this work of mak-

ing this State Association one of the

great factors in the principals of right

and progress of trade in this great

state of Michigan’s agriculture. ’



We greet with joy the faithful ones

and bid the new ones a most hearty

welcome to join with us in this great

and good work. For united action

means strength. And with this mu—

tual co-operative spirit we feel assur-

ed of its success.



The Farmers’ Club movement has

been in existence 44 years, Ingham

County Club being one of the first.

The State Association was organized

in 1894 with 22 Clubs represented by

35 delegates; while today we have 131

Clubs who have joined the State As-

sociation. Much has been done but

there are greater opportunities than

ever before.



Northern Michigan has awakened

to its advantages and offers a great

field for efficient work. Many requests

for constitution and by-laws and in-

formation for organizing new Clubs

have been received. There have come

letters from 16 different townships

since my taking up the duties of this

office.



Three executive meetings were held

during the year.



a: :1:



Of the 37 return postals sent out in

January to Clubs who had not report-

ed, seven Clubs sent in as follows:

Brighton, Livingston county, reported

as disbanded; Ortonville, Oakland

county, also disbanded; Green Oak,

Livingston county, returned card with

no report. A Farmers’ Club of Alma

reported as absorbed by County Line

Club. Mt. Pleasant not reported. The

Webster Farmers’ Club, after being

silent for two years, responded on re-

turn post card as much alive and offi-

cers elected. 4



Any information as to the follow-

ing Clubs will be gladly received:

Standish Farmers’ Club, of Arenac





county; _ West Haven, Shiawassee

county; Wexford Boys’ Agricultural

Club, of Wexford county; Washing-





ton, Macombcounty; Climax, Osceola





DEC. 18, 1915.





county; County Line and Eckford,

Calhoun county.



Four county associations are re-

ported. Jackson, Clinton, Tuscola and

Shiawassee, with an assurance of a

county organization in Calhoun Co.



With the 128 Clubs with a member-

ship of 10,000 as reported by Mrs.

Johnson at the last annual meeting

and the organization of 16 new Clubs

we can see this great movement is

growing.



The Farmers’ Co-operative Club of

Wolverine, Mich., has added its name

to our list and from its constitution

and by-laws say they stand ready to

co-operate in all ways that will be of

mutual benefit and to secure better

markets. We expect great things

from this most northern Club.



A report of the Wixom Farmers”

Club is surely one of the most active

and helpful in a community uniting

with the church, school and Grange

in a fair which paid out $90 in premi-

ums also have a lecture course for

the winter and send two delegates to

the annual meeting.



A fine report of the Shiawassee

County Association was sent in by its

secretary, showing a total membership

of 152 families with an average at-

tendance of 50. We gleaned figures

from a report of the Ceresco Farm-

ers’ Club, of Calhoun county, in Mich-

igan Farmer, reported an average at-

tendance of 125 to 130 at its monthly

meetings.



The first new Club to call for con-

stitutions and by-laws was from Flush-

ing, Genesee county, and was the first

to join the State Association. Next

was the River Bend Farmers’ Club,

which sent the $2 fee to join the State

Association, but your secretary has

not been able to get the right ad-

dress. From Cadillac, Wexford coun-

ty, came a card for information in re-

gard to organizing a Club, also from

Walkerville, Oceana county; Vassar,

Tuscola county; East Leroy, Calhoun

county; Brown City, Sanilac county;

Charlevoix, Charlevoix county; Cale-

donia, Kent county; Pontiac, Oakland

county; Bath, Clinton county; Plain-

well, Allegan county; Caro, Tuscola

county; Bradley, Allegan county; Cas-

tle Park, Allegan county; Port Huron,

St. Clair county. And, as mentioned,

from Wolverine, Cheboygan county,

The Farmers’ Co-operative Club.



Of the 11 organized last year, Bruce,

Wells-Dayton, East Nankin, Lone

Tree, South Novesta and Sherman,‘

have joined the State AssociationLal-

so West Otisco. Of the 16 organized

this year, Bath, East Leroy, Caledonia

and Flushing have joined our ranks,

and so the good work goes on. Some

of the highest attendances reported to

date are the Orleans 125; Assyria

Club 107; Agricultural College Club

100; Looking Glass Valley 90; Green-

bush 75. All other Clubs reported the

average attendance from 25 to 70. All

letters for information and requests

have been promptly answered to the

best of my ability, and all correspond-

ence to the Michigan Farmer has been

sent and thankfully received by the

editor, for Which we very much ap-

preciate his help, given in the Farm-

ers’ Club column. The articles pub-

lished in the Michigan Farmer have

reached many communities through-

out the state and moved them to ac-

tion along Club lines.





Our report and credential blanks,

also programs, were all sent out by

the third of November, in order to

give each Club time to report.



The secretary has received many

calls for the annual reports from com-

mercial firms, colleges and libraries

and many organizations. Have had

correspOndence from Farmers’ Club

workers from New York, South Da-

kota, Minnesota and Indiana, and all

have been answered.



* * It



The program for the afternoon in-

cluded a’paper entitled, “Is the well

equipped farm dairy profitable?” by

Floyd Smith, and addresses on “Farm
0





 





 





 





 





DEC. 18. 1:315-





Co-operation," by Messrs J. C. Ketch.





Lam and J. N. McBride.





The Tuesday evening program start-

ed with a banquet spread at the Pec«

ple’s Church, East Lansing, where the

president’s address was delivered ov-

er the teacups, followinga sumptuous

spread. President Robb addressed the

delegates present in happy vein, and

later introduced a number of after-

dinner speakers, who added to the en-

joyment of the occasion in a happy

manner. These included President

Emeritus Snyder, Judge Collingwood,

Secretary Brown and others.



The Wednesday morning session

was devoted to a conference of local

Club workers which was of more than

ordinary interest. The address of this

session was on “Citizenship,” deliver-

ed by Rev. Yantes of the Greenbush

Club. Other business of the session

was put over until the afternoon, and

election of officers was made the next

order of business, resulting in the re

election of Mrs. R. J. Robb, as presi-

dent, and Mrs. J. S. Brown, as secre-

tary. Directors elected were as fol-

lows: For the short term in place of

Mr. C. B. Scully, of the Almont Club,

who was made vice-president, Mr. Al-

fred Allen, of the Ingham County





,Club, for the’long term, Mrs. C. J.





Reed, of Jackson county, and R. E.

Moore, of Eaton county.



Following the noon recess, the first

business of the afternoon session was

the report of committees, which cre-

ated the usual general interest and re-

sulted in considerable discussion of

a number of resolutions reported out

by the committees. The final result of

these deliberations was the passage

of the following resolutions:



National Affairs.



Whereas, the United States of Am-

erica at this time stands at the head

of all the nations, and‘the acts of this

nation will, to a great extent, shape

the future of the world, it behooves

us to watch with care all that we do,

or that may be done by those in au—

thority that all our doings may be on

the side of right.



Resolved, that we commend the acts

of our President in our foreign rela-

tions, his efforts, by all honorable

means, to keep us from becoming en-

tangled in the terrible war that is

now devastating all Europe.



Resolved, that the right of citizens

of the United States to vote, shall not

be denied or abridged by the United

States or any state, on account of

sex.



Resolved, that. Congress shall be

earnestly requested by appropriate

legislation to enforce this article.



Resolved that this Michigan State

Association of Farmers’ Clubs do here‘

by earnestly demand of Congress a

submission to the people of an amend-

ment to the constitution prohibiting

the manufacture and sale of intoxicat-

ing liquors.



Whereas, the post office department

in an effort to economize, have disar-

ranged our rural mail service to such

an extent that the farming community

is greatly discriminated against,

whereby we do not receive reasonable

service, and Whereas, in the cities

that they have two deliveries each

day. Therefore, be it



Resolved, that we ask our represent-

atives in the State Legislature and in

the National CongreSS to give the

farmer a square deal, whereby all

shall have an equal and reasonable

distribution of mail service in our

country.



State Affairs.





Resolved, that we favor the taxa—’





tion of our water powers on a basis

that shall place them on an equality

with the other wealth producing prop-

erty of our state; and



Resolved, that we reaffirm our posi-

tiin in favor of woman suffrage, the

Torrens system of land transfers, and

the elimination cf all private banks.



Co—operation and conservation in

the food supply are essentially the

problems of all the populatlon; there-

ore,



Resolved, that we recommend or-

ganization which can handle larger

units in distribution and be acquaint-

ed with supply and demand; that

these orgaizations shall endeavor to

eliminate superfluous distributors and

establish among all groups, whether

engaged in production, distribution or

transportation, equitable compensa-

tion for their services rendered. We

recommend the federation of all or-

ganizations which have this common

object in view.



The burden .of taxation isnow borne

by real property; therefore be it





, THE MICHIGAN FARMER





SPECIAL BARGAIN CLUBS





Michigan Farmers tluli List.





For the benefit and convenience of

our subscribers we have arranged the

following list of papers. Besides the

money saved .they save the trouble

and expense of sending each order

separately.



EXPLANATION—The first column

gives the paper’s regular subscription

price. The second column price is for

the Michigan Farmer and the other

paper, both for one year. Add 50 cents

when the Michigan Farmer is wanted

three years, or $1.00 if the Michigan

Farmer is wanted five years. All combi-

nation orders may be handed to our

agents or sent to us, as is most con-

venient.



Write for prices on publications not

listed.



Subscribers to the Michigan Farmer

whose time is not up for one year or





more, may have as many other papers

as wanted by deducting 50 cents from

the second column price. This takes

care of those who subscribed for three

or five years a year or two ago.



We send sample copies of the Mich-

igan Farmer only.



Mention if you are a new or re-

newal subscriber. Renewals will be

dated ahead from their present date.





 





Bee explan-





NAME OF PUBLICATION. tion above





 





Daily. (6 a Week) on R.

Free Press. Detroit.

Journal Detroit.... ...

Times. hen-cit...“ .

Herald Grand Rapids. Mich..

News, (‘Jrand apide.. . .... .... ....

Press. Grand Rapids .............. . .. ..

Courier-Herald, Saginaw.Mich .. . . .. .

News. Saginaw..... ............

Tribune, Bay City.

ado 'loledc. io..... .

News-'Bee. Toledo. Ohio..

State Journal. Lansing. Mich ............

Tri Weekly Newspaper!

World. N. Y.. 0ity.... .... .....

Semi Week! Newspapers

Journal. Detroit. ioh.......

Weekly Newspaper-





r‘. u. only.‘ 3 a





 

 





Mich..... .





 





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888888888 888 8 8 888888888888





Blade, Toledo. Ohio 1 1

Commoner. Lincoln. Neb 1 1

Enquirer. Cincinnati, 0. ............ ..... 1 1

Cattle. Sheep Swine. Poultry etc.

American Bee ournol. Hamilton. lle) .1 1

American Poultry Journal. Chicago, (in) 1 1

American Poultr Advocate. Byraouee,

American Sheep reeder. Chicago (m).. 1 1

American Swineherd. Chicago. (in) .....

Breeders' Gazette. Chicago. (w).......... 1 1

Green's Fruit Grower. Rochester. (m.)..

Hoard's Dairyman. Fort Atkinson. Wis. 1 1

Jersey Bulletin. Indianapolis, Ind. w) 1 1





Kimball's Dairy Farmer. Waterloo. a.

5-11) .....................................

Poultry Keeper. Quincy. Ill. (m) .........

Poultr Success. Springfield. 0. (m) .....

Relish 0 Poultry Journal.Qnincy.Ill.(m)

Swine Breeder-5' Journal. Indianapolis..



Ind. (s-m)

Michigan Poultry Breeder (mo) ..........



Po ular. Hazazinee.



, .vurybudyii Mine. N. Y. City. (In)...



Nude Philnde phia. Pa. (:11) .............

VIoOlures, Magazine N. Y.

Vlusioian. Boston. Mass. (m) ..............

:Hnnnl Sportsman Boston. Mass. m)

Deople'a Home Journal. N. Y. City. (m)

People‘s Ptipular Monthly. DeMoines, In.

Red Book agazme, Chicago. Ill. (m)..

Review of Reviews. N. Y. City. (in) ......





Ladiee' or Household.

Delineator. N Y. City. (m)..........

Designer. N. Y. Cit .

Housewife. N. Y. I m) .................

Ladies .World. New Yin-k City (ml ........

MoOalls Magazine and Free Pattern.





. ty. (m) ..........................

Mother's Ma .. El in. 111. ...........

Pictorial Review th. Cityfllxlrll .......... l

We ay's'Mfigazing and F190 Pgttern (m).



mans ome mu an o , .Y. ' .



Womans World, Ohigago. llm)....0.|.t.y..m



' . Religious and Juvenile.

American Boy. Detroit Mich. (m) ....... 1 00

Boys Magazine Smeth ort. Pa (in) ...... l (X)

¥ittlo gents]. Salvgm. ass. (in) .......... 00



oung cop e's eekl . El ' , I . .

Youths Companion. Boitonffilnsslbffj 2 3(5)





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IVe have arranged here a list of special





you considerable on your reading matter.





29—573





bargain combinations which will save

No substitution of other magazmes which





are the same price can be made. You must take the entire combination as it is. You





can make up your own club from the club





ber.





Orders may be sent direct to us or through any of our agents.

Address all orders to the Michigan Farmer or hand to our agents.





list if none of these suit you. ,

Order by num-





EXPLANATION—Wk. means the paper comes each week, mo. means each





month, 8 -mo. semi monthly. Dailies on





R. F. I). only.





Publishers of other papers will not allow us to quote their paper single at less





than there regular prices, but





Subscribers to the Michigan Farmer whose term does





not expire for l year or more will be allowed reduced prices on other papers at any





time if they will write us the ones wanted,





wanted not in the clubs they select.





this also applies when other papers are





NOTE—The Michigan Farmer is figured in “Our Price” at the special season

price of only $1 for 3 years, 50 cents only may be deducted if the Michigan Farmer





is wanted for but 1 year. -





 





No. 1.

Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.....$1.25

Boys’ Magazine, mo ............. 1.00

The Ladies’ World, mo ......... 1.00

Regular price ................ $3.25



OUR PRICE ONLY $1.65



No. 2.

Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.....$1.25

The American Boy, mo ...... 1.00

Woman’s World, mo ................ 35





.50





Regular price ................ $3.10





OUR PRICE ONLY $2.00





No. 3.

Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.....$1.25





American Poultry Advocate, mo. .





 





 





American Poultry Advocate, mo. . .50

The Ladies’ World, mo .......... 1.00

Regular price ................ $2.75

OUR PRICE ONLY $1.60

No. 4.



Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.....$1.25

Pictorial Review, mo ............ 1.50

Boys' Magazine, mo ............. 1.00





Regular price ................ $3.75





OUR PRICE ONLY $1.80





 





No. 5.

Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.....$1.25

Youths' Companion, wk ......... 2.00

McCall’s Mag. and Pattern, mo.. .50

Poultry Success, mo. . . .' ........ .50





Regular price .$4.25





OUR PRICE ONLY $2.95





No. 6.

Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.....$1.25

American Swineherd and book, mo .50





--------------





 





 





McCali‘s Magazine & Pattern, mo .50

Poultry Success, mo ............. .50

Regular price ................ $2.7—5

OUR PRICE ONLY $1.75

No. 7





Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.....$1.25

Choice of any daily in Detroit

or Grand Rapids except Detroit

News ................ $2.00 to $2.50

People’s Popular Monthly ........ .25





Everyday Life, mo .............. .25 -

Woman’s World, mo ............. .35

Regular price ................ $4.60





OUR PRICE ONLY $3.00





 





No. 8.

Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.....$1.25

Mcthers’ Magazine, mo .......... 1.50

McCall’s Mag. and Pattern, mo.. .50

Ladies’ World, mo .............. 1.00

Regular price ................ $4.25

OUR PRICE ONLY $2.15

No. 9.





Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.....$1.25

Choice of either:





Breeders’ Gazette, American



Sheep Breeder, Hoard’s Dairy-

man ........................ 1.00

Poultry Success, mo ............ .50

Boys’ Magazine, mo ............. 1.00

Ladies’ World, mo .............. 1.00

Regular price ................. $4.75



OUR PRICE ONLY $2.70





 





No. 10.



Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.....$1.25

Today’s Magazine, they also give

choice of one May Manton pat-

tern free with first issue ......





 





Poultry Success, mo ............. :50

Boys’ Magazine, mo ............. 1.00

Regular price ................ $3.25

OUR PRICE ONLY $1.65

No. 11.





Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk.. ...$1.25

Any Detroit Daily (except the

News) 2.50





.......................





 





Poultry Success, mo ............. .50

Boys’ Magazine, mo ............. 1.00

People’s Popular Monthly ....... .25

Regular price ................ $5.50

OUR PRICE ONLY $3.00

W No. 12.

Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk ..... $1.25

Any Grand Rapids Daily, 1 yr.. 2.00

Kimball’s Dairy Farmer, S.-mo .. .25

Reliable Poultry Journal, mo.... 50.

People’s Popular Monthly ........ .25

Regular price ................ $4.25





OUR PRICE ONLY $3.00





ATTENTION—On any one of these

combinations you save the price of

the Michigan Farmer three years and





 





 





on some considerably more.





 





The Michigan Farmer in these Clubs is figured for 3 years. Take this into con-

sideration when comparing with Club prices offered by others.





 





Resolved, that a graduated income

tax .be lev1ed to meet the exigencies

arming from the continually increas-

ing number of individuals and corpor-

ations whose contributions to state

taxation are now relatively small. We

believe that the experience of the

state of Wisconsin would allow us to

raise the total state tax aside from

the primary school fund from sources

above mentioned, and leave real prop-

erty for local purposes of taxation.



We recommend that the president

appomt a committee of three from the

Farmers’ Club to assist in the com-

mon purposes of agricultural good and

to cp-operate in the initiative of law

making.



Believing that the present mortgage

tax law is working an injustice to the

taxpayers of Michigan, and whereas

we favor the enactment of such laws

as will build up rather than retard the

interests of the farmers of the state:



Resolved that we are opposed to

the present mortgagge tax law in its

present form and ask for such amend-

ments .or modifications as will require

all individuals or corporations to bear

their just and equal share of taxation.



Whereas, in this state the point has

been reached when the so-called prop-

erty tax is becoming a burden to the

taxpayers, and whereas, strict‘ econ-

omy in state affairs is necessary;

therefore, we deplore and denounce

the multiplication of omcens and the





increase of salaries of public officers

where such salaries are now adequate,

and whereas, in a government like

ours respect for law is necessary;

therefore,



Resolved that we are unalterably

opposed to attempts on the part of

officials to evade the law, and specifi~

cally we are opposed to the resigna—

tion of two members of the State Tax

Commission and their immediate re-

appointment by the governor in order

to obtain the benefit of an increase

in salary. And we commend the work

of Attorney-General Fellows and Aud—

itor-General Fuller in protecting the

,state against such unconstitutional

salary raising. And we further com-

mend the attorney-general in standing

for a fair showing of railroads as to

the necessity of increased passenger

rates before legislative action.





Club Extension.



We the undersigned members of

this committee feel there is a lack of

Clubs within the state, and owing to

this condition, would recommend that

at least 50 new Clubs be formed be-

fore the year of 1917.



In order to form these Clubs we are

at liberty to call upon the county

agents for assistance in the counties

where they are working, but should

not confine our efforts alone to those

counties where agents are working.



Dr. Mumford, of the extension de-





partment, offered the use of the coun-

ty agents in the formation of these

Clubs, and they in turn will attend

the worker which the'committee plac-

es in the field, at the place or places

where the Clubs are being formed.



Your committee on Club extension

would recommend that the executive

committee be authorized to send Club

workers into counties where requests

are made to organize Clubs. The ex-

penses of such workers to be paid by

this Association.





Temperance.





Whereas, the employers of labor on

every hand are selecting their em-

ployes from the temperance ranks;

and such influential newspapers as

the Detroit,News, and others of like

caliber are publicly and firmly refus-

ing to advertise liquor wares; and

whereas the board of directors of the

Chamber of Commerce of our capitol

city have taken a firm stand against

the liquor traffic, and for the state-

wide prohibition movement,



Be it resolved, that we do heartily

commend them in their course;



And be it further resolved that the

State Association of Farmers’ Clubs

in its annual meeting assembled, re-

iterate its position on the subject of

the prohibition of the liquor traffic

and enthusiastically endorse the posi-

tion of the temperance forces of the

state for state-wide prohibition in 1916.
574—30

BREEDERS’ IIIRECTIIIIY.





Change of Copy or Cancellations must reach us

Ten Days before date of publication.





CATTLE.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS





HERD ESTABLISHED IN 1900.

TBOJAN-ERICAS and BLACKBIRDS onl .

Also breeders of Percheron. Hackney and e

oraes. Youn bulls and Percheron stallions for

sale. WOODC TE STOCK FARM. Ionia. Mich.





ABERDEEN ANGUS





If you are in need of anextra good bull or a few choice

young cows or heifers, we have them for Sale. Our



erd is headed by the Grand Champion Black

Monarch 3rd. We invite you to come to our Farm and

see them. They are bred right and riced right. U. L.

Clark, Hunters Creek. Mich. Si ney Smith, Mgr.





‘YBSHIBEs—One of the foremost dair breeds. The

most economicalmilk to users. Calves

for sale. White Leghorn oockere s; Duroo Jersey

swine. Michigan School for the Deaf. FlintJflchigan.





 





THE VILLAGE FARM,

Grass Lake, Michigan,

GUERNSEY CATTLE.





 





MILO D. CAMPBELL CHAS. J. ANGEVINE





BEACH FARM

GUERNSEYS





The buyer of breeding stock should know that the

herd from which he buys is healthy. We believe the

Beach Farm Herd is as near perfect health as is oss-

ible. The tuberculin test does not show the east

sign of reaction. We never had a case of contagious

Abortion. Have went a whole "car without calling a

Veterinary or giving a dose of iedicine.





WE OFFER FOR SALE

Registered Guernsey Bulls

Very High Bred Grade Guernsey Cows

Bred Heifers, Open Heifers and Heifer Calves.





CAMPBELL 8i. ANGEVINE, Coldwaier, Mlch.





Five Registered Guernsey

Bull Calves





. For Sale at . .

Wmdermore Farm, Walervliel, Mich.

(irandsons of Golden Noble II. Choice

for $4.0. First come first served. Address,

.I. K. BLATCHFORD,

Auditorium Tower. Chicago. D1.

0 U E R N 8 BY Ehi‘Chliihg





Containin blood of world chamwons.

HICKS’ OUER SEY FARM. Saginaw. . S.. Mich.





 





 





 





 





REGISTERED Young Guernsey Bulls. great grand-

sons of Gov. Cherie. Servicable a e nicely marked.





exceptional breeding. Avondale Stock arm. Wayne. Mich.





cows. heifers and bulls of May Rose breed-





Fon S‘LE A choice lot of Registered Guernsey

H. W. WIGMAN. Lansing. Michigan.





ing.





of service age and calves from





Guernsey Buns choice. Adv. reg. breeding.

T. V. HICKS, Route 1. Battle Ceeek. Mich.





Calves from A. R. dams and whose

500m“! BIA" dams are running for A. R. One ready

for service. LG. A. WIGENT. Watervliet, Mich.





One registered Guernsey Bull

For SE] '6. calf 8 months old.

W. D. KAHLER. JONES. MICHIGAN, R. No. 2.





H t d Yearling and Calf bulls. Females all

0 r 0 II I 8 ages. Polled and Horned. All rg’ii'istered.

W. H. McCarty 8: Sons. Bad Axe, ich.





Herefords—3 Bull Calves





ALLEN BROS. PAW PAW. MICH





Do You Want A Bull?





Ready For Service.





From a grand daughter of The King of the

Pontiacs. Hired by a bull that is more than a half

brother to the Champion Holstein Cow of the

World. and whose dam is a30 lb. 6% i fat daughter

of Pontiac Aggie Korndyke who has more 30 lb.

daughters than any other living bull. If you do

write for pedigree.





EDWIN S. LEWIS. Marshall, Mich.





 





EGISTERED Holsteins-‘Hord headed by Albma Bouts Butter

Boy. His dam has A.R.0. records as follows: at 2 yrs. milk

480, but or 18.85; 4 yrs. milk 604.8. butter 27.03; at 6 yrs. milk

620. butter 28.55 lbs. W. B. HEADER. Howell. Mich.





The Two Greatest Bulls





KING OF TIIE PONTIACS

III-2 K01. Zd’s BUTTER BOY 3rd





Ihave young bulls from cows having hl h oflclal

records and Granddaughters of above bul s. Stock

extra good. Prices reasonable





BIGELOW’S IIOLSTEIN FARMS,





BREEDSVILLE. MICE.





IDAIRY TYPE Plus PRODUCTION

Equals Crandall’s





Holstein Friesian Battle





Two very Good young Bulls for sale. Sired by Beauty Walker

Pietertje Prince 2nd. No. 107658. Dam. Hengerveld DeKol's

Best Daughter. Butter 33.62. milk 582.70. Write for Pedigree

Ifwanting bull.





Frank R. Crandall & Son, Howell, Mich.

h . Id .



$50 iififit‘itsé’himgi°p.§ii€%‘.i“£§“33§h§§



Maid 312 lb. butter 7 days. Dam traces to Pontiac





K d ke twice Pietertie 2nd twice. DeKol 2 d n

thirds.y M. L. McLaulln. Redford, Mich. D vs





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARM-ER





HERD SIRES





Maplooresi Korndyke Hengervold and Finderne Pontiac Johanna Korndyko





The two great Holstein sires at the head of the herd. Maplecrest Korndyke

Hengerveld’s dam and grand dam each made more than 1200vlbs. of butter

ma year, and including the great grand dam each made more than 80-lbs. of

butter in 7 days. His sire has sired three daughters that averaged over 1200-le.





of butter in a year.





Hengerveld Count eKol.





yet produced for yearly production.





D. D. AITKEN, . .





Finderne Pontiac Johanna Korndyke is the son of the world’s champion

cow, Finderne Pride Iohanna Rue, who gave 28,403-lbs. of milk and made

1470-lbs. of butter in ayear He was sired by a brother to the 40-lb: 4 yr. old

Mable Segis Korndy)ke. The dam of the sire is a 30-lb. daughter of Pieterje



This is believed by many to be one of the most

productive combinations in Holstein breeding.



I take pride in tendering the services of these animals to the breeders of

Michigan who are interested in yearly production. Many people feel it is the

yearly work that makes the greatest profit and our efl‘ort is along the lines of

yearly records. These two herd sires represent the highest culmination ever





A few high class heifers in calf to Maplecrest Korndyke Hengerveld, and a few bull

calves from dams with records as high as 30-le. butter in 7 days, for sale.





 





FLINT, MICHIGAN.





 





Choice Spring Pigs and Mature Stock.





Choice Holstein Bull Calves





Ready for service. World’s Champlon Parentage





IilLLCltliST FARM - Kalamazoo, Mich.





Bull Calves and Cows

that I oner for sale.

ity and ammo-

. Ohio.





I Have Holstein Bulls,





I can show breeding. records. individu

tlve prices. L. E. CONN ELL. Fayet





Espanore Farm,





LANSING, MICHIGAN.

Offers for sale iivc Holstein Bull Calves sired b

the great bull Pledge Spoii'ord Calamity Paul an

out of good A. R. 0. cows. This sire has more

daughters with records of ovcr301bs. than an

bull in the state. If you are looking _for this

of breeding, write for prices and pedigrees.



CHASE S. OSBORN, .

ADAM E. FERGUSON, i own‘m'





Top Notch Holsteins!





Before buying your bull look ahead and think of the

fine herd you hope to own in afcw years. Fifty per

cent. or over. of its value de endson your bull. There-

fore, got a good bull. Ar. don‘t be too )articular

about the price if you can be sure of the qua ity. McP.

Farms 00. sell ‘bulls of strictly high quality. ‘W‘rite

them for a goo bull or come and see their lop-

Notch"hulls for yourself. McPherson Farms Co..liuWell.Mich.





' ' ' —Is son of former state

Registered llolslsin Bull Sire champion cow, 32,



pounds of butter in 7 days; two months old. mostly

white; a beauty in over particular. $50 brings him

right to your station. sa 8 arrival guaranteed. Write

for pedigree and photo. Hobart W. Fay, Mason. Mich.





OLSTEIN-FRIESIANbargains. High grade heifers

$25 to $75 each. Reg. heifers $100 to $1.30 each. Reg.

Bulls $40 to $75 each. B. B. Reavey. Akron. Mich.





HATCH HERD





YPSILANTI, MICHIGAN





Re istered Holstein-Friesian sires. randson’s of

Wor d's reatest dairy sire, out of cho ce . R. O.

dams an King Pontiac Jewel Korndyke; Brother of

K. P. Pontiac Lass 44.1.”); average record of50 dams in

his pedigree 31.25 in ’7 days: average per cent of fat

three nearest dams 4.37: of his own dam 4.93. Sires in

first three generations already have over 600 A O

A few females bred to “King".





daughters. 'Prices





reasonable.





FOR SALE





Registered Holstein bulls ready for service: and

registered Holstein bull calves. the best breeding in

the world. grandsons of G race Fayne 2nd’s Homestead,

Pontiac Korndyke. King Fayne Segis and Hengerveld

De Kol. The dams of these bulls and calves, have

large advanced registry records For prices, write





Callam Stock Farm, 204 Boarlnger Bldg.. Saglnawfllch.





 





We will take your note for one year at 5%—then

. a





HOLSTUETN BULL





at once. and get pick of 12 from best Breeding in

Michigan. Send for pricedand ppdigrees.

LONG BEACH FARM, AUG STA, MICH.





FOR SALE Registered Holstein Bulls





ready for service. and bull calves. also females.

FREEMAN J. FISHBECK. Howell. Mlchlzan.





Reg. Holstein Friesian Bull Calves





From hesv reducing dams. Bargain prices.

DEWEYP C. PIERSON. Hadley, Michigan.





' Youn bulls of best individuality

PIIIOIIICII "OISIGIHS and ligeeding‘lat reasonable prices.

Write us. G. L. SPILLANE &SON, R.D. '7. Flint,Mlch.





' ' All from A.R. 0. Dams. Semi-of-

cho'ce NOISIOIH Bu'ls' yearly records 720 lbs.butter in Jr.

4 yr. old classtnover 1000 lbs. in mature class. Breeding: Cross

“King ofthe Pontiacs" and the "Demmick blood. "Cherry

Creek Stock Farm,Hilliai-ds. Mich. M. E. Parmelee. Proprietor.



Bull calves at reasonable





HOISIBIn-FPIOSIGH prices. Pontiac Korndyke,





Hengerveld DeKol breeding. John A. Rinks,Wsrran.Mich.





I JA 1 1d

Registered Holstein sEgheieiifsfnng i‘i‘é’mi’n





reasonable prices. Fred J. Lange. Sebewaing. Mich.

12 Registered Holstein heifers. 3 to'l5 mos. $125each,





delivered. 4 are bred. Also bull calves, too cheapto

mention price. Ernest A. Block. R. 3, Howard City, Mich.





MAPLE Lane R. of M. Jersey Herd. Tubercul in tested

by the U. 8. Government. For an 9 off §.

0 .





cows. bull calves and heifer calves from

town Fox. Allegan. Michigan.





 





 





dams and grand dams and Hood arm re



Lillls Farmstead Jersey Cattle. Bull calves from R.

of M. Cows. also heifer calves and several bred



heifers for sale. Colon 0. Lillie. Cooper-ville. Mioh'





Duroo Jersey Boars and Sows





The Record of this Herd at Detroit Proves Conclusively that Our Durocs Have the

Individuality and Blood Lines that Insure Good Results.



A large herd gives ample opportunity for

selection. Send for our new circula and state your wants. Write, or better come.





Swine Dept, Brookwator Farm, Ann Arbor, Mich.





 





l

1

;

l





 

 





 





 





The All-Around



is the farmer’s-cow. She'shis

Jersey friend and pride-the beauti—

ful,gentle,ever-paying milk machine that lifts

the mortgage, builds up the fertility of the

farm, and puts the whole business on a sound

paying, ermanent basis. She ada tsherselI

to all e imates and all feeds an does not

need fancy care. She matures early and

lives long. And she’s so sleek,clean cut and

handsome, as to be the family pet and

pride. She produces well

and sells well. Learn

about her in our fine, free

book,“About ersey Cat-

tle." Write or it now.





THE AMERICAN JERSEY

CA'lTLI-Z CLUB

846 West23d5t.. anon,





 





 





 





 





 





 





THE WILDWOOD '16me Herd. Regfistered Jersey

Cattle of Quality. He headed by ajesty’s Won-

der 90717. one of the best sons of Royal Majesty. The

daughters of Majesty’s Wonder are mated to a son of

MaJesty’s Oxford King. Herd tuberculin tested. We

have for sale a few choice Koung bulls for fallservice

from high producingcows. lvin Balden. Capac,Mich.





Jerseys. Bulls readi‘for service. extra uality sired

by Jacoba’s Fair manon. No. 1071]}. from hi h

producing dams. S ITH dz PARKER. Howell.MioIi.





 





 





.‘x'l'i-Ils ..





,’ 0.1.0,.





30W WEIGI'IED 952 L33.

A 23 MONTHS O D





'3

IONIA GIRL





I have started more breeders on the road tosuc-



auhgaisigxzigifinéivfing. I have thelnrgesl dtmld fin-

. . vs 0 e a car



ready for the market at ell; idlontlis old? eve oper.



L%$.i.2‘i€.‘“°’ih°°"nm“€éiifii“ii ..



. myp an.“ ow e on in



Hogs." 0. I. IRNJAMIN. I-Ie. l 0 Portia-it’ll...





SWIGARTDALE nonunion





Are the kind that win at the Fairs and also produce

the litters as all of our show stock are regulaflbreeders.

They have the size with the bone to car them and

their breeding is unsurpassed. Allthe lea in families

are represented. We have a few choice Spr ng Boars

now crowding the 300 lb. mark, for sale,lprices from

A) up. We are now booking orders for all pigs for

January delivery; Can furnish choice Tries not akin,

for $45 to $50. e Guarantee Satisfaction.





Swlgartdale Farm, Pctersbnrg, Mich.





' of best breeding. S ecial rice

Berkshires 0.. mo spring 0....”

D. W. SMITH, ixom, Michigan.





I wantto





 





 





 





' at out rices. Choicesprin boars. Openor

IPIISIW“ bred gilts. Sow farrow in ecember. Fall

pigs, noakin. Chase’s Stock Farm, Marlette.Mich.R.L



' I have for sale you Boars and

"adorn BorkShlns. sows of May farrgvgving. Also

a few sows about ten mos. old of approved types. and





aristocratic breeding thatI will sell at prices below market

values. Correspondence solictited. M. I. Ogilvie. 3 Oaks. Iich.





DUROC JERSEYS‘iipniii‘.v stifle"





ready to ship. Carey U. Edmonds. Hastings. Inch.





 





 





 





Cagitol Herd Duroo Jersey Swine. Established 1888

pring pigs for sale. satisfaction guaranteed. Ex-





press prepaid. J. H. Banghart. East Lansing. Mich.





 





-Big Type. Heav Boned Boars read

Duroo Jersey: .0. sea... r... i... headers Siredbi:

Volunteer Grand Champion. F.J. Drodt.R.l. Monroe. Mich





 





Hume: of the best of breeding. April farrow either

sex or pairs for next 30 days :20 each. Two fall

boars. Oct. farrow 330 each. Also Holstein bull one

year Oct. 6. H. G. KEESLER. Cassopolis, Mich.





DUHOG Jonson noins Moms Windows;

not akin. W. C. TAYLOR. ifilan. Michigan.

our“: JOISC’S—Fa“ and spring pigs eitheisex. from





choice strains. . . HLMAN.

CHERRY LAWN FARM. Shepherd, Michigan.





I. II. llEElEY, Eric. Mich.





local from Monroe or Toledo.





 





 





 





Breeder of Duroo

Swine D. M. d T.

Keeney Stop.





 





UROC Jersey. Mar. & Se t. pi either sex sired b

D a son of Volunteer. Anxftonolstein bull calveh





and2 Holstein cows. E. H. Morris. Monroe. Mich.





Bi llos Boned Duroo Jam 3 “‘3‘“? “mafia



MgA. Blvl’AY. Okemos, Inghzmwédf?3§dlilcl¥l:ldtgi

—A f '



DUROC JERSEYS Open?“ 2123‘?w§°§'§.35°d035





springboars. Wm.W. Kennedy. R. 3, Grass Lake, ich.





 





 





 





Choice spring b'oars and sows of best

”"700 JUIsIIS'bmeding also 5high grade Holstein

heifers due in Dec. Pricedto sell. E.R. CornellJIowellJich.





F0“ SALE Registered Duroo Brood Bows and

I August Pi . E. J. ALDRICH. R. I.

TEKONSHA, Calhoun 0., Michigan.





 





 





f .

Jersey Bulls for Sale .Sfiéi‘n"“l’.§.’?‘i‘é%t‘i‘fi§‘ii‘i'o“§3

semi-omcial test. 0. B. Wagner. R. 6, Allegan. Mich





HILLSIDE Farm J erseys, yearling bulls. solid

color.half brothers to ex-world's-record senior 2yr

old and from R. of. M. damgi with records from lbs.





towOIbs. C. and O. DEA E. Ypsilanti. Michigan.





 





Jerseys For Sale





Youn Cow just Fresh.

Waterman & Wagerman. Ann Arbor, Mich.





Meridale Eminent 120565 A S lendid





registered Jersey bull ready for service. Pr ce attr -

tive. C. A. Bristol. R. 3. Fenton. Michigan. ac





B 11 .

HllKlllIi Slillllll'llllllls. 7 Eodihlgiirioligo?ld2fl$vggi





DAVIDSON & HALL. Tecumseh. Michigan.





Shorthorn Cattle oi both Sex tor Sale





W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.





8 young bulls also females farm

liorlliorns For Sale mu“... .1, . '

i



A. A. a. a. w. s. mourn/.31, thvflfisshillfchli





 





 





 





 





 





next 30 days. Fall Pigs.

. W. ALEXANDER. Vassar. Michigan.





“HESIEn WHITEs,—The long “W , prolific kind.

' - either sex. rite your wants.

Meadow View Stock Farm. R. 5, Holland. Michigan.



' Chester White males and females. Re .

HGEISIGIGH Holstein male calves, herd bull and cow%.

Parham’s Pedigree Stock Farm. Bronson, Mich.





nnnrsnmn swoon ..._........M.......

d It b Y ii. Aim}! do“? dildo tviii

goo year ng cars. car an pr 1 s so

0 en or booked, to be bred folifildarch or A18 ril farmws.

all pigs single, pairs or trios not akin. rice to sell.

Write me your wantsJi‘loyd Myers. B. 9. Decatur. Ind.

° Bacon's choice. 6 months old.

Hampshire Boar Perfect belt. Sired by Tolby

Tiler. A. E. Bacon & Son. Sheridan. Mich.





AMPSHIRE HOGS—the belted beauties. One year-

ling boar and spring pi s, either sex. Write our

wants. John W. Snyder. t. Johns. Mich. R. o. 4.





O. I. C. swnNe-gazgg: $2,“:

chgécetbgedtspw I? farrow the iItast of IAlllll. orhfore

pa 0 e . youare.wreme et .



A. J. GpORDEN. R No. 2. Don, Marilyn...“





llhsslor “Min—Special prices on March boars for

F





 





 





 





 





 





 





HORTI‘IORNS





For “Beef and Milk’!





Registered Bulls. Cows

and heifers. Scotch-

tonped roans. and reds

for sale. Farm at

N. Y. Central De t.

also D. T. & I. 'y.





BIDWELI. STOCK FARM

Box B. Tecumseh. Mich.





 





BIDWELL S





 





Albion Stamp 352670





 





 





 





—Dairy or beef bred. Breeding stock all

Shorlhorns ages for sale at farmers prices. C. W. Crum.





Secy. Cant. Mich. Shorthorn Breeders' Assn. McBride. Mich.





Shorlhorn and MM llurlnms §%r.f”i%.nflé‘.i3

White. C. CARLSON. Le Roy. Michigan.





F s | -—18 Short Horn BullsbyMaxwalton Monarch

or a 8 2nd, 8. son of Avondale. from2 to 13 mos. old

John Schmidt, Reed City. R. No. 5.. Michigan.





"005.

due March and April.





Duroos &. Violorias 0......“ ... M...





of S e b . Defender. Much Col.. Orions and others.

A rail.” ylbiiing boars. M. '1‘. STORY. Lowell. Mich.

Two 8 ring Bears 1 it





. A

BERKS“ IRES choice oi oi’ fallhgilts for sale.





A. A. Pattullo. R. No. 4. Deckervllle, Mic .





 





—-Grand bunch of Gllts





crkshires-sons. daughters. grandsons. granddaugh-

B ters‘of such noted boars as Rival's Champlon.Bn ron

Duke 170th, Symbeleer’s Star 2nd. Grand Champion

breeding.“ farmers' prices 'I‘.V.Hiclis. ILLBattle Creek.Mich





s _ h 211

llmllon Brod lsrlislum m" 0cm" "“3 °





...... or ., Rows“

E . istered with papers at a r prices. 9

tompfiroFr. IWilzlentine, Supt... Temperance. Michigan.





Berkshire Spdng GILTS $15.00. Fall igs saw





I

D

either sex. Holstein Bull





0 I c Serviceableboars, choiceGiltsnotbred. Spring

- - ‘_pigs not akin, also Toulouse Geese. Write for

low moms and photo. Alvin V.Hatt, Grass Lake,Mich.

I —yearling sows gilts. fall pigs. Va

0- II c reasonable. Satifactlon guarantee .

A. R. GRAHAM. Flint, Michigan.





REGISTERED 0. I. C. BoAllS 8 GILTS





High class all igs at reasonable rioes.

J. CARL .IE ETT. Mason. M c .





0 I C SPRING BOARS of cod type and

. o - Red Polled bul calves.

John Berner and Son. Grand Ledge. Mich.





o I c SERVICEABLE BOARS. Priced to

I I I sell. and recorded in buyer’s name.

)1. W. MANN. Dansvllle. Michigan.





0. I. C.’s STRICTLY B I G I THE.

M h A ’l d M ’ i d b

wm‘iZ°Mon‘2.r.‘.§’imd new: (sill-gicelhlll‘elgigghttypglliggg

and sows weighing from be. with, uality

second to none. Can furnish in pairs not akianrices





reasonable.

Newman's Stock Farm. Mariette, Mich. R.|.





0. l. c. SEHIIGEABLE Blllll! snagging;





free. E. B. MILETT, Fowlerville.Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Choice 18mos. oldboar. GrandCh . t

0. I: c- Mich. State Fair 1915 also Mar. mflpp: 3i]?





 





either sex. C. J . Thompson. Rockford. Mich.





' Th " '

Way Brothers 3le Farm. 50:. 83?}? Edgglieitgd

for sale. Registered free. .J- 3- Whaling-again". such.

I Gilts old enou h to breed 1'

0. 's c .- farmeIfi—m eioh. 18 mo.heglbga:z

sure baeeder. Stock recorded free. erunner





Also. Whit

drakes and norcus line Re 8.1 White W andotte kl' .

each. Write atonoe. Dfire 0. Miller? Drydei: Maia]?





 





 





 





l d 0 th old .

°ti$£.‘.‘i:.$’p‘iii’.?‘ it. No. . Vassar. Michigan.





mew Directory—Continued on page 575.





A. J. BARKER. BELMONT. MICH. R. No. 16.

9 One March and one A ril B '.s

0- L c' S Spring Gilts, June and guly p‘ifi





 





 





 





 





l.
i

A. '3‘

{g

l

g





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





DEC 18,1915.





‘LL;"





\





$7?





   

 





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-





llllllllllllllll|llll|lllllIlllllllll|lllllllllllllllIIllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllHIllllIllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillfll’gl





 





 





/ A/\ o





W

$th 1 $1

,~ g l ‘





 





THE MICHI





lllllfllllillfllliilllllflillllllllllllllllllHilllllflHHlllillHllllIllllIHllHill“Hillllllliiillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllflllliilllill lillllllllllllllllllllilllllIlllllllllilillllllllllll|llilll|IlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllrillIlllllllllllllllllllllllll||IllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll‘ rllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllllllllllflllill"'





FULL- HANDED EVERY WEEK





For more than thirty years The Breeder’ s





(f 41m)





69%!) j





. \‘R‘x \\1\T\\\ A





 

   





GAN FARMER





Gazette has gone





privacy.





will include a big





Dec. 16.





Write for terms.





and the byways of the English-speaking world

bearing its message of good live stock as the

backbone of all good farming





It makes its appeal to the good sense and

the understanding of men who take farming _

to be a practical business proposition, to be

studied in the light of all available facts.





It comes to you onlyupon your own invi—

tation, breaking in unasked upon no man’s





A sample copy will cost you nothing.

Write for one today.





A year’s subscription will cost $1.





and if your order is sent at once you will get

that beautiful issue for 1915—to be mailed





Agents wanted in all unassigned territory.





31 -575





up and down the highways





l|lllllllll|1|lillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllIllIllllll[ll[lllllllll'llIlllll|lllllll|ll|lllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi





Ill





 





 





This

double Holiday N umber.





llll!





—lllllll'llllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllIll|lllll]lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





 





 





g ’ o



3 Address The Breeder s Gazette, Room 1 125, 542 So.Dearhorn St.,Chicago



g“I|llIIllll|IllulillllllilllllllllllllIlllliiillllllllllilllillllllllilllllillUHillilllllllllllllllllllillllllllllliHillilliilllillllllllillliilllllllillllll|Ulll|lllllllllilllllllllllllllllliflllllllllillIll”[illIllilll|Iill||IlHIllliliillilllillllllllillllllllilllililliillllli|Illilllllllll|IllllllllllllllilllllllllliIllllllllilllllllllilmlllllllllllllillllllllllillllllllllllllllllllillllllllllillUlllllllll|illlllllilliIillllllllliilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllll'fi

“Am-E 10qu cums... .. the breeze, .13an m... .0. llxiorrl om SheepGa and Pulled Durham cam.





Jersey Bull Ready For Service





Magnificent individual. Sire 18 Golden

Majesty; brother of the World’s Chain-t

pion 2-1yenr—old. Dam not officially tested

but m1 ks 50 pounds per day 6 per cent.





Priced to sell.

E. Lelloyl’elleiler, Pontiac, Michigan.





. Re istered oarli Guernse

For Sale. Bu lnlso Bill! 0.le wmg

JOHN EBELS. HOLLAND, MICH. R. No. 10.





 





1...:



UERNSEY BULIS FOR SALE. ready for service from A. R

Dams. If you want the right kind to! price and

breeding. BYERS a BABNE HMS" Coldwm. lichizln





Bargains—Grandmas of Pontiac

“15““ BIT“ Korndyke and The King oi Butter

Kings. One Yearling son 0! Eisevere King of Butter



AR. 0. Dam 211bs..grilr):e 8125. One call 50110!





Kings



St Maine Korndyke. A. R. an 21 lbs... rlee 875.

One call son of Sir Mina. Korndyke of a. good oducing

Dam, 840. G. 0. km, Romulus,





 





$75.00





Buys spurs bred Holstein bull calf limos. old, 3 son of





Colantha Johanna Creamelle Lad

One of the good producing sires.

Geo.D .Clnrke, Vassar, luck.





HOGS





o I c serviceable boars, tried sows, gilts bred for

'Marc hand Aprilfiu'row summornnd fall igs.

DBEWB. Dun-ville.





 





Ipay express.





0. I. C. and CHESTER WHITE SWINE





Big t) ewith quality. We havothe undefeatedbreeders

youngllierdnt “seven State rs this year. They were

sired vabo 1nd, one or our my good rd boars.

Special prices on all benefits: the next 30 days. Get

a. Gilt bred to the Greet boa“Schoolxnaster, the highest

riced boas-o! the brood,0hn1npion over champions.

Write for our monthly with history of °the best

theme weenie Induce





Belling lies their Farm, Cass City, Hick.





0.1. c. were 1%“.ng eon

moths-In. Lech-d,





 





 





0 1 cas. Spring Bonn and silt bred

JULIAN P. CLAXTON. I'M-t. MI. B. 8.





no 11an mm. menu:

THO U pedw





malesnndslfwmrmlm.

lbs. I. W. ”cinder. mess, Mich}-





fl“ 1

liegislerd 0. I. 3’s._s“1.§?bfi'§§°§u‘€§ 1111”:

large llttaess. Elmer-E. Smith. Bodied. High.





POLAND- CHINAS





From our thousand pound Grand





Gumpion Big Stretchy

Sun, of best breeding. Spring Boers

at a bargain.



lfillcres‘l Fern, .. Kalamazoo, Mich.





 





re TYPE? .0. We“. poll-or who not stin-



Bred sows and gilts. Hsve several 10001b. boar pro.



speots. Absolutely no lug?! breeding Everything

guaranteed right. 1‘ BANK RUGER. avennLMieh





OLAND CHINA all ages. He rd boar

Bignmn TmPB AB Gown ns lin sprl boars. Satisfaction





 





‘ergel





 





B. Kalamazoo. Mich





”will.





ock Cooker-e18.

00D & SON. Saline. Michigan.





 





 





two extra; good Summer You'll

emf. avaigh't 6-808". b ti i ih‘y'li’mDalfl :35?

ng pigs a. are can es, s 1 e e r

boat will; everybody goes wild over. 8 Com end

B. O. WABTZ. Hohoolcrntt. Mich.





 





P c “"g‘estinMich. Bosrpigs readytor



. se oegoodenough togo anywhere.



Finto or gets firstchoioe. Priced to sell. Sired



by two is boars in State. Free Liven to visitors.

w’T-f“ LIVINGSTON, PARMA. Ml CH.





 





Milli! TYPE P. JO. 5°“ mlflfigmfir‘égéfls‘é‘g “331%

in February. W. J. HAGELSBAW Auguste, Mich.





IG Type Poland Chinas, boars as blame good asgrow

inI own with quality to Dlessey

ROBERT MARTIN. 11.]! bNo. 7. Hastmgs. Mich





h BONED POLAND CHINA Spring) Bears and

I" gilts not akin. Also older stock. ricos right.

LYDB F SEER, St. [puiLM





 





Spring Pigs at Half Pricerfiégfiygg

strain of Poland Ohlnns on out}: none bi gel-.1!





For Sale. J. A Grin-mo, N.o 25, Muir, Mich





 





Heg'xlered Oxiord Down Sheep. fii‘limlifigii

.OLMSIED. J. SPAANS. HUIR. MICK.





 





OXFO RDS- “23.22.12”





0. I. YORK. HILLINGTON. MICHIGAN.

Shropshire and Oxford





ewes bred to imported

0 rams. KOPE KON

FARM. Kinderhook.

___._...___———





Mlchlgnn.





 





#Yearling and ram lambs from Champion

Leic.shn flmk of Thumb of Mich. Also select Berk-

shire swine Elmhurst Stock Farm. Almont. Mic.h





Rams, few choice your:

Merino: and Delaines. 1...... 11...... “9..., 1......“

Write s. H. SANDERS, Asn'rAeULA OHIO.





Shropshire Ewes For Sale

DAN BOOHER. B. 4. Evert. Mlchi‘mx.





F O R SA L E - il‘leé‘ii‘ffim Tfigfi‘ig





Fertile Virginia Farms

Along Chesapeake 81 Ohio Hallway





At $15 an arre and up on easy. terms Mild oli-

mate. rir h soil. abundant rainfall, plentiful and

cheap labor. Com enient to Eastern markets also

to good schools and churches. Write for free

illustrated farm home booklet, Country Life in

Virginia". and low excursion rates. Address





K. T. Crowley, Indus. Agl.,





0.1.0.1111, lloom 1022, Richmond. Va.

The south—The Homeland.





FOUR TO SI! TONS OF ALFALFA, 50 to 100

bushels of corn to the acre $100 to $500 an acre from

fruit or truck. opportunities for the stock raiser and

dairymon, a climate tewhich means two to four crops

year, pleasant home locations, attractive land

prices, are things the South offers homeseekers. Our

publications and inf... "on 1

II. V. BIO‘EARDB

51) order n 1nd. and Agr. Oom' r, 8011MB.

9,31,... Y Room 73 Wuhington,D





 





 

   

   





 





 

 





   

   

 

   





 





Hm

. F





Mull-1

.QothR,





   





 





 





you ever expoctto own n later ed Polan China,

this is your opportunity. Grgbnsy end order at once. GWIEKS. Alice-n Mk:

tries not skin each. A few bred sows at

as. J. o. BUTLER. Penis-d, Mich. no HORSES

~Westorn bred extra. 131' e

Rig Tm hind Chill». ned. Stock for sale. Page





not akin Satisfaction sauerantoed. .I

W. BREWBAKER &5 NS. Elole, Mich. R. No. 5.





 





BifiTedpeS Boers all sold. Have seieral good Gilts

to Sthmoo Jumbo. Jr. Top Boar of J. D.

Collin Sole. Priced right to goq uck. A. D. Glegory, Ionia,Mich.





PMH chlfl Spring Pigsoithersox. both n111edin1n

HS. and big &t’g§n from large litters. Prices

right. L. W. Bryon, Michigan.





25 BIG TYPE POLAND CHINA boars sired by Big

Smooth Jumbo 810 lbs. at 20 mas. and Giant Des

Moinw 743 lbs tl7 mos. At ilarmers' p.11ces Sent



C..O D. Write orcome sndsee 1301mm poi good big

Wiles. Wm. Waffle. Goldwater, Michigan.





either sex all es. Some-

For his Poland Chins mm, ma ,, 3“,," me

P. D. Long. R. F. .8. Grand Rapids, ich.





"ea Md Pgland Chinns. BothAsexB and all Ragga“

"110$? rivogs fiction, Michlgnn.





H. a In“ Stanton, Mich. Colby’ sRanchhns

I for sale I“) head of Resident! Poland

China Boers and flows. 19.





A '

Misfire Sonics Born .33. .mmwikfidufi‘é'hol’é:

Sand for Photos. CKAS. METZ. Emu-t Inch.





LargPeYorkelglraaifiifi's‘Zfififi

uWi.AnA.M1cm?;bA‘iiL ‘ '





 





 





Prices reasonab





 





—Fe.!l Pigs. Brood 801m and

wool “083 can Yomgu' uvioeBonrs. Pairs

notnkln Writei‘ornrioes. C. F .Bacon, R. 3Britton, Mia.



of the rowth , heavy boned

nuroc Jers.’ 8033111150111“); ilts. Ins 0-

tion invited. E. DEE 61MB grind.





flammhiro log:-K





Knspp a: Fleetham,





SHEEP.





am Brod sows

’ erpigs both sexes. not role.

Sunfleld, Michigan.





 





Field Rams

ea' tor sale.





Oxford Down Shot 1'. Effidewgfi‘fill“

M. F.G Lennon.fi.lc





1.1.,





, toso.l

L. C.HUNT&CO..





 





LOESER BROS.





We have 100 head of Belgian and Per-

cheron Stallions and mares. Imported and

home bred. We have sold pure bred horses

in Michigan for the last 25 years, and have

the right kind, and at theri htprice. We

can supply any numberofwor horses, both

goldings and mares. Get in touch with us.





LIGONIER, INDIANA.

Percheron flooorluoily





70 lead must be sold to close Estate.



General No. 67466 winner of Senior Grand Cham-



pionshipatlell International at head of herd

for two years.





A. A. Palmer, Estate

(11.1%.) Orleans. (P. o.) Boldlnx. men





-R in d? roused Kore-

FOR SALE “1’31?” Jrggmnblo 131:8. In-

spection invited. EL. KING OSON. Oh one. Mi 01.

Registered Percheron:

Brood nuns. Fillies nnd You Sicilians. Priced

tion nvi





(1,

Rookie. Michigan.





 





Pcrchgoons, Holsteins. ,‘Wl'firmn-





m





.u Farms and Farm lands For Sale





FOR SALE- Fins Farm sl130 Item. 91%.“?





Grand Rapids on good road. rich sandy loam soil with

clay sub-soil: about 20 acres or timber; good house.

plenty ot barns, windmill . good water, One-hall mile

from school. The Mlchlgnn Trust Company,

Executor. Grnnd Rapids. Michigan. .





‘~‘)'1-': ‘ -‘ "' 5' '- "’. 1"





 





165 Acres, 12 acres wood



Old Age Forces sale- and timber;6-room house,

water at. house and barns Two barns basement with

40 cow stalls. House papered, painted and plastered.

Carriage house, granary, hog house. hen house, smoke

house. School ch, creamery, 9‘4 mile. Hay, grain,

stockius tools included; 8 cows, 2 horses. youn stock.

plows, owe. mower, rake, grs drill.



harness, sleighs everything, 35, 000, psrtcash. Hall's



FmAgency. Owego. T1020. 00.. New York.





'-?MOVE TO MARYLAND

' 211:3. Cldsetobifg

Moifiesolthe forftee





BOOHEtAU & ma

T82 03" mmeRAron,

“Hoffman Building, Baltimore, Md.





 





   

 

 





 





 





In Glndwano” Mich. Fall

own a Farm and Winter bargain-list of

Improved fabrms Stock Ranches and unimproved farm

lands. .REYNOLDS (ll. ”Minin, Michigan.





throughout 15 Eastern



Mose Making Farms 3...... 1.... 101000



acres. 8 5 peracre up: several with livestock tools. and



crops included. to settle estates; big illustrated cata-



logue i'ree. E. A. Btrout. Farm Agency, Dept. 101 47

.34th. St. New York.





 





A





t a .

{3.9 Rani-E... Afr-$223»? .1ng Sam

11333151). “Mr CREEKmfiICHlCTlSZ





 





F“ :IlB' A first elm farm of 8i)“e acres good buildings

- and fences, W! of market,

church endschool. Floyd E. Lott, Cohoctah, Mich.





leg agree: Page: h120!) lcm. me‘i‘mfr’ofi

$10000. %13_‘h.kde c mete. Big profits Price

O'Neill. h'Charleston. S. C.





 





 





mes SOUTHERN FARMS- l‘lfiifiil‘émclfig‘i‘ifi.





for corn stock or general farming.

COLE. 118 Madison, Memphis, Tennessee. ‘





OWN Mgléiog B 0 W I FLORIDfiu HOMfE.



rms pay or



self. yN .1th L113" :1 JACKSON MICH



WANTED—To hear from owner of good farm

or unimproved land for sale .



H. L. Downing. IN Palace Bldg” Minneapolis.Mlnn



eneral farm near





WANT E D : iogtihlii. rite particulars





 





 





l,.t,..«





to Jsmes Johnston. R N)- 5- Cass City. Ml ich.
NOTE: Even after its experience of nearly e century, Case is not content to dpublieh advertisements unless bend on the very latest





authoritative information. This Is one of a series of messages to farmers, prepared after visiting tractor demomtretithe,





talking to hundreds





of fennere end carrying on a national investigation through our sales organization and by meil to find the gee tractor need. of the fame".





Every State a Case Stae





 





OBranch Houses

0 Sub Branch Houses

0 Dealers





of them.





If youtravel around your state and the neighboring

ones, you will find many farmers who are handicapped

by lack of nearby tractor service. They will surely buy

their next tractor from a well-organized concern like

the Case Company, which has had 74 years’ experience

in the agricultural field. You will also find farmers

owning Case tractors who do not worry. As you talk

and compare, your business judgment will make you

think of price and performance, but also of reputation

and experience behind the tractor. Price isn’t all, nor

quality. Yet Case leads in these two features, just as

it leads in service. Most farmers appreciate the work

done by us in their interest since we started in 1842.

But sentiment alone is not making men choose Case

tractors. They are coming to Case because of the

combination of good points—low price, performance,

reliability and service.





The Coming of the ,Case





As more and more men see and use the Case, they

become dissatisfied with lesser quality. It is the old





experience and experiment,

machine is to be called upon to do.

primary principle of everyday service.





 





satisfied.





 





story of our long experience surpassing experimental engineer-

ing. Our chief engineer in the gas tractor department says:

"To design a successful tractor one has to know, from actual

the work in the field that the

Yet many disregard this



Access should be pos-

sible to every part of the motor without having to dismantle it.

By inaccessibility you lose time, lose profits, and become dis-

I would advise the prospective tractor purchaser to





near.





always near, measured by minutes and hours instead of days.





 

   

   

   





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The Sign of

Mechanical Excellence





the World Over





 





C/Cir.’





1%“. ‘i





_(__| 1;“ ‘ialil.

1/, '





 

 





l





   





 





 

 

 





 





 





M» an actual photoaraph of a Case 10-20





J. 1. CASE THRESHING MACHINE COMPANY, inc. 23.1%...RACINE,.W13$“;





Founded 1842





 

 

 

 





 

   

   

 





 





Canada.





Leaders in Other Lines of

Agricultural Machinery





Case steam engines, Casethreshing machines,

Case road machinery, Case automobiles—

each Case product is a dominant factor in its



own field. Write today for our complete Case

Catalog.

should be under the reading lamp in every farm

sitting room.

interesting scenes and reproductions in color.

having it. Especially when it costs you only one penny for a postal card

to get it. Merely write. “Send me your general machinery catalog."





Farmers want to know about





Every farmer who 18 studying the tractor

situation wants to know something about the dif-





ferent companies, particularly the leaders.

tractors, because they are commanding the spotlight, are

of special interest.

international organization of the J. I. Case Threshin



Machine Company, particularly 1n the United States an



The reason for this interest is that service is a

big feature to the buyer.





In the United States and Canada the Case Company

has 9000 dealers and 44 branch houses.

whenever a tractor needs attentiOn, service and parts are

Thinking farmers know that any tractor— barring

' none—might have a slight mishap during the rush season,



when even a day’s delay IS costly. Sending to a far- -away

factory would mean delay. But not so wzth a Case.





Case





the





This means that





Help 18





But not all tractors have such a service back





choose a tractor with an accessible motor.” If

you have attended the tractor demonstrations you

appreciate the importance of what he says.





Where Case Triumphs





The Case 10-20 will replace more than five horses

and handle three plows with ease, under ordinary

conditions. It is adapted to all kinds of farm work.

Besides field work, it drives an 18-inch Case sep-

arator, operates a silo filler, hauls, etc. Then re-

member, above all things, that the motor is a

special Case design, made entirely by Case for

tractor work, not assembled. You know our ex-

perience and success with other machinery. Our

tractor is designed to be equally famous. All

parts of the motor are easily accessible, so no

dismantling is necessary for any adjustment.

When, for instance, you have to take up main bear-

ings or crank-pin bearings, you do not have to re-

move the magneto or the camshaft or the oil pump.

Access is obtained by removing a simple cover to





which nothing is attached. Remember, too, that all work-

ing parts are enclosed and fully protected.



Consider weight, and do not forget that the Case 10-20

weighs less than any other tractor of equal capacity.



Reckon the value of the drive wheel traveling on un-

plowed land instead of down in the furrow, where it would

pack the soil.



Then, when you hear of some farmer who has had trouble

getting over soft spots or extra hard pulls, remember that

the idler wheel on (his Case tractor can be locked in from

the operator’s seat and used as a driver in such emergencies.





Consider all these things, make comparisons, and you are bound

to decide that the Case 10—20 at $890, f. 0. b.‘ Racine,

is cheaper than those costing less.

you remember the reputation of the company,

our 44 branch houses and 9000 dealers.

today for more information about the Case

10—20 as well as our 12— 25, 20-40 and 30—60.





Especially when

Write





 





For the





'1



’_

’-

/





It is an album of information that





It is beautifully printed, with man





\“\“ “““11Ililiulllflullll

’0’,





«MSEND _

‘ TO DAY





No farmer should miss





Of course. the Case 18 most free from troubles because of its experienced design and workmanship.





No Orphan Tractors in the Case Family





ccccoecco





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CASE Catalog





hour Name on c





4”,, PostalWill Do a“





I’ll, \\\‘

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”’Ilmmmm1111mm“ ; .





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. “4'5: :. 9