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DwEEKLY.





’6





 





The Only Weekly Agricultural,





VOL. CXLV. No.

Whole Number 3876





 





 





 





 





Modern Equipment Makes Spraying

Easy.



HERE are three fundamental



items of expense in controlling



controlling fungous insects in the

large commercial orchard or the small

orchard for home use. They are the

Cost of spraying equipment, the fungi-

cides and insecticides, and the labor

expense. During the past two or three

‘years the orchard business has not

been unusually profitable and for this

reason there will be a tendency to neg-

lect many of the expensive operations

that are necessary in the production of

first-class marketable fruit. This year

as in the past, it will be the properly

sprayed orchard which will bring the

profit and in spite of recent low prices

we must admit that the fruit business

based on a ten-year average is not

much more of a speculation than the

majority of farm crops.



Spraying equipment is expensive,

considering the number of days each

year that it is used. For this reason

first-class apparatus should be pur-

chased and it should be carefully clean~

ed after use. If your spray tank and

engine were used rather roughly

last year it is now time to give them

a careful overhauling and then order

any parts that may be

necessary. If equip-

ment has been stored

without proper clean-

ing it should receive a.

good flushing and oil-

ing at this time. When

you are ready to ap-

ply the dormant spray

for scale you may find

the machine will need

at least one day of

cleaning and then you

may wait three days

to a week for the re-

pair parts. An ideal

spraying day means

that the work can be

done efficiently with

about half the work

that will be necessary

in bad weather with

the wind in the wrong

direction. There are

usually a few good

spraying days when

the conditions are bet-

ter than at any other

time. .This is especial-





An Unlimited Water Supply and





Horticultural,





Practical Spraying Methods





By R. G. KIRBY





ly true of the dormant spray for con-

trolling the San Jose scale as this must

be applied when the weather condi-

tions are very uncertain. Be ready

for the ideal day.



The power sprayer is best as a pres-

sure of at least two hundred pounds is

necessary to throw the fine penetrat-

ing mist into the trees. The right

amount of pressure cannot be. produc-

ed with a hand pump and the labor of

spraying an orchard with power gen-

erated by the strong arm method is

never apt to receive the approval of

the hired man. There are many or-

chards still being sprayed with the

barrel pump, although they are large

enough to make a gas engine sprayer

a profitable investment. These ma-

chines have been perfected and reduc-

ed in price until the commercial or-

chardist cannot afford to do without.

them. If they are given good care and

thoroughly cleaned after every spray-

ing application they will give good ser-

vice for at least ten years and their

cost divided by ten leaves a fairly

small amount to be charged up to the

annual crop which the machine has as-

sisted in producing.



A first-class brand of hose is a good





 





 





 





investment as the cheap brands can-

not stand the effect of the spraying

materials and they are soon ready for

junk. Good hose properly flushed out

after each spraying will last for sev-

eral seasons, while poor hose is often

scarcely good for one. Never econo-

mize in the length of hose used in

spraying. The man on the ground

should have about fifty feet of hose

as he is then able to do a thorough

job around each tree and he is not

constantly jerked along behind the

wagon before he has completed his

work. If he is able to work thirty or

forty feet from the wagon he will not

be soaked by the misty spray thrown

out by the man who is spraying from

the t0wer.



On many farms there are small or-

chards which have been seriously in-

jured by the scale and many of them

are about ready to chop down, al-

though they annually have produced

some fruit which has been greatly ap-

preciated for home use. The orchard

of a few trees, of course, does not

warrant the purchase of a power spray-

er and in cases of this kind a fairly

good job will result from work with a

hand-power machine. There are sev-





 





 





 





 





 





Conveniences for Loading Spray Rigs Greatly Facilitate the Work.





and Live Stock'Journal in the State.

DETROIT, MICH, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 1916





g 50 CENTS A YEAR.

32 FOR 5 YEARS.





 





 





 





 





Protect Harness and Horses from

Spray.

eral models which are practical. Most

of them consist of a barrel and pump

mounted on wheels, and they are not

expensive and will last many years.

Other kinds consist of a metal tank

mounted on a wheel-barrow and they

will also do good work. These small

hand-power machines are not suitable

for use in the large commercial or-

chard, but they are. valuable on the

small general farm where a great va-

riety of products are raised. They

can be used for spraying the fruit

trees, grapes, potatoes, etc, and also

for disinfecting stables or spraying

lice-killing materials in the hen house.



In spraying the. orchard the cost of

materials is an important considera-

tion. The best materials to use are

common knowledge to the. fruit grow-

er. The insecticides and fungicides

should be ordered early in the season

to insure the supply being at hand

when the right. time arrives for mak-

ing the application. Purchase the ma-

terials of reliable dealers and then test

them out whenever there is any doubt

as to the quality. When such mate-

rials can be ordered in co-operation

with the neighbors it is especially de-

sirable if the orchards

are small and only a

few pounds or a few

gallons of the solu-

tion will be needed for

the work on any one

farm. Better prices

can be obtained by or-

dering in large quan-

tities.



The application of

spraying materials re-

quires some experi-

ence and unskilled 1a-

bor cannot do the

work unless under the

supervision of the

grower. The main

points are to keep the

rod constantly moving

without missing a sin-

gle 'twig or branch.

The laborer who holds

his rod still until the

tree is drenched in

one spot will waste a

lot of material and

leave some portions of

(Continued on p. 234).
226—2





THE M ion" I to A- N in Men





 





ms. 1129, me:





 





The Michigan Farmer





- Established “43. Copyright 1916.





The Lawrence Publishing Co.





Editors and Proprietors.





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annozu MALI 46%.



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......... Sec..Trea._

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E. H. HOUGHTON -------------------------- Business Manager

TE‘MS OP SUBSCRIPTION:





 





............ Preaiden

..... vice-President





 

 

 

 





 





 





Associate

Editor!





 

 

 





 





 

 





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RATES OF ADVERTISING:



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~_Mcm Stand;d Farm Paper: Association and Audit

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Enterd as second clael matter at the Detroit. Michigan.

pootoflice.





DETROIT, FEB. 19, 1916





 





 





 





 





CURRENT COMMENT.

A new idea in the

line of educational

entertainment was

brought to our at-

tention this winter by a northern

Michigan farmer who deplored the fact

that the only organized effort toward

entertainment in his vicinity was pure-

Iy of a social nature. In his desire to

introduce features of educational val-

ue through the medium of this organi-

zation, he appealed to the Michigan

Farmer for information relating to the

possibility of; securing illustrated lec—

tures from national departments.

Resulting correspondence revealed

the fact that the States Relation Ser-

vice of the Department of Agriculture

at Washington, D. C., has a list of a

dozen or more lectures of an educa-

tional nature for which stereopticon

slides are loaned. This opens up a

valuable field for educational enter~

tainment in rural communities where

a hall or other meeting place is avail-

able in which illustrated lectures could

be given. Arrangements for a series

of interesting lectures of this kind

would be most beneficial to any rural

community. In addition to acquaint-

ing the members of that community

with the agricultural resources and

possibilities of the country, other gov-

ernment departments could be appeal-

ed to for similar service. Those inter-

ested in the building of the Panama

Canal could, we. are informed, secure

vieWs of this great construction work

jthrough the Isthmian Canal Commis-

sion, Washington, D. C., while infor-

mation regarding lectures on national

parks and government reclamation

projects can be similarly secured by

correspondence with the Department of

the Interior of the Federal govern-

ment, and the Office of Public Roads

and Engineering may be appealed to

for data regarding projects within the

sc0pe of the activities of that ofice.





{Educational En-

tertainment.





This is a field for rural educational

entertainment which should not be

neglected when so much good material

is to be had for the asking, and we

trust that the initiative of the reader

who directed our attention to this line

of inquiry may be followed to a profit-

able culmination of the idea in many

rural communities of Michigan during

the present year.





Reference was made

in our last issue to

the activities oi the

Comision R egu I a-

dora del. Mercado de Henequen, an in-

stitution created by the government of

the Mexican state of Yucatan and which

now exercises a monopoly in sisal fiber

from which binder twine is largely

manufactured. In. this connection the

general attorney of the organization





The Sisal Fiber

Controversy.





is said to have made the claim to mem-

bers of Congress and for .purposes'of

publicity that the activities ‘ of this

commission would really save the

farmers of this country several million

dollars on the cost, of their twine in-

stead of adding millions to their nec-

essary expense for this item.





The basis of this claim is the fact

that Manila fiber has advanced in the

market to a higher comparative basis

than the price for sisal fiber which has

been maintained by the Yucatan com-

mission. He has pointed out that on

this account the commission could

force the price of sisal fiber several

cents higher if it cared to pursue this

course, but that on the contrary it de—

sires to gain the friendship of Ameri-

can farmers and at the same time pre-

vent a combinat’ion of large twine

manufacturers from gaining control of

the fiber market, which he alleges to

have occurred upon former occasions.





In View of the vital interest of Am~

erlcan farmers in this proposition and

the part, which is said to have been

played by American capitalists in

bringing about the control of the fiber

market which is profitable to at least

some of the interests involved, there

is every reason why an official investi-

gation should reveal the facts in the

case as to whether this Mexican state

organization is in reality a co—Opera-

tive marketing enterprise organized

for the mutual benefit of the Yucatan

planters and American consumers, or

a government monopoly created for the

purpose of enriching individuals con‘

cerned, including American financial

backers, as well as providing added

revenue for the Mexican state in which

the producing industry is located. This

information would be interesting, even

if it did not indicate a method of re-

lief from the apparent result of the

organized effort.





Among other import-

ant subjects of legisla-

tion with which Con-

gress is wrestling at the present time

is that of providing for some form of

rural credit by which the farmers of

the country may through their own co-

operation, or by some other plan un-

der the supervision of the government,

pool their resources for the purpose of

obtaining long-time loans at a low rate

of interest, and perhaps short time

loans under more favorable conditions

than now obtain in many sections of

the country.



Considerable criticism has been dic

rectcd to members of Congress, mem

bers of the American Commission and

others who have been strong advocates

of some form of rural credit for the

delay in the passage of enabling legis-

lation along this line. The idea seems

to be general that all that is necessary

to establish some éMcient form of rur-

al credit is the right kind of legisla-

tion. But changes in credit systems

as well as other business customs and

relations are bound to be slow. The

state at New York has a rural. credit

law and has: for some time. had Fecal

loan associations organized for the

purpose of extending rural credit one

der the plan adopted. While a central

bank for the purpose oi floating, such

credits has been in existence for. more

than a year, the first series of bonds

amounting to only $50,000 has just

been issued on the mortgage loans

made by the local associations. This

fact illustrates the slowness with

which a new business of this kind is

necessarily goiter-i under way, even

when the machinery for carrying out

the plan adopted! isalready in exist-

once.



While. it is important that enabling

legislation which will provide for an

adequate system of long-time rural

credits should be enacted as soon as

possible, it is: equally important that

the plan adopted should be well suit—

ed to the needs and conditions or the

farmers of this country, and it is bet.

ter to make haste slowly than to make

mistakes which will tend to delayrthe





Rural Credits.





growth of a suitable rural credit sys-





tem adapted to the needsof American





farmers. It is likely that the rural

credit legislation now pending in Con‘

gross will be shaped into a suitable

working plan so far as government di-

rection and supervision is concerned,

but the interest and cooperation of the

farmers of the country at large will be

essential to the successful working out

of the plan after it is once adopted,

hence the importance of continued in-

terest in, and consideration of, this

subject 'by the farmers of the entire

country.





The thirty—second

annual meeting of

the Michigan

Dairymen’s Association held at Kala.-

mazoo, February 8-11 inclusive, was

one of the most successful events in

the long history of this organization.

The attendance was very good, com-

prising over 500 members of the allied

organizations which are identified

with this association, over 300 guests

invited by the supply houses contrib-

uting to the equipment show held in

connection with the meeting, in addi

tion to over 700 paid admissions from

interested visitors not identified with

the organization.





The program was an interesting one





The Dairy Meeting.





from start to finish, as will be noted





from features of same which will be

summarized in future issues. The offi-

cers elected for the ensuing year were

as follows: President, R. A. Frary, of

Lapeer; vice-president, E. V. Bennett,

of Elsie; secretary-treasurer, Geo. H.

Brownell, of Detroit. Directors, N. W.

W’entworth, of Lakewood Farm, Battle

Creek; Glen Overton, of Allegan; W.

A. Mudge, of Caro; E. C. Krehl, of De-

troit, and John F. Ruff, of Port Huron.





Resolutions passed by the conven-

tion, extended the thanks of the or-

ganization to the mayor, the chamber

of commerce and the people of Kala-

mazoo; regret for the death of Samuel

J. Wilson, for 18 years secretary of

the Michigan Dairymen’s Association;

regret for the attitude of certain De—

troit newspapers in accepting deCep

tive advertisements of oleomargarine

dealers; pledging the support of the

organization to the State Dairy and

Food Department in its efloris to en-

force the oleomargarine law, and dis-

approving the policy of delay and ob-

struction tollmved by the Detroit

courts of law in the prosecution of

oleomargafine cases.



Amusements for the exhibit were

peeuliafiy unique, due to the foresight

and energy of Secretary Browne“ in

securing artistic booths and decora-

tions for the advantageous exhibit of

the equipment contributed by the large

list of dairy supply exhibitors. Alto-

gether the meeting was a credit to the

dairy industry of the state, and its suc-

cess is a matter for congratulation to

the energetic ofiicers who prepared the

instructive and entertaining program.





The experiment tried

Farmer-3’ Week. last? year in substi-

tuting “Farmer’s

Week,” soealled, for the State'Rotmd-

up Institute as: previously held, was a

success from every standpoint. Great

interest was taken by those present in

the lectures on various agricultural

subjects, which were really short cours-

es arranged by different departments

of the Agricultural College with lec-

tures, demonstrations and laboratory

work which supplied a fund of useful

and practical information on the var-

ious subjects covered. Farmers’ Week

will again close the institute season

this year, the week of February 28 to

March 4 inclusive, being the date for

this event, which is intended to he

made home-coming week for Michigan

farmers at the Agricultural College.

The tentative program for this

year's lectures as summarized in a

circular sent out by the superintendent

of institutes, includes lectures and

demonstrations on the subject at soils,

and {am crops, in which special at-

tention'will be paid to improving the





fertility of..dep_leted‘ soilsg'by the use of

lime and fertilizers and the growing

of legumious Crops, as well as lectures

on the production of some of the more

important money crops. Lectures and

demonstrations will be held by the De-

partment of Dairying, and Animal In-

dustry; exercises in stock judging will

also. be included. The more common

diseases of live stock will be discussed

and remedies suggested by the divi-

sion of veterinary science, with partlc~

ular emphasis on emergency methods

and medicines. The lectures and dem-

onstrations in poultry husbandry will

be especially complete, the poultry de-

partment being assisted by ’W. H. Card

of Connecticut, a well-known poultry

authority. The horticultural lectures

and demonstrations will cover the

more important orchard operations,

and attention will also be paid to lead-

ing truck crops. _



Special emphasis will be placed on

the importance of standardizing pota-

to production through better seed se.

lection, fertilization and the control of

various potato diseases. Altogether

the program will be an attractive one

which should appeal to every farmer

who can arrange to attend this closing

week of the institute season for the

current year.





HAPPENINGS or ri-TE WEEK.





Foreign.



The European War.——~With the ex‘

ception of Greece, there has been more

or less fighting along all the battle

lines during. the past week. In thewest

both, sides claim victories, the French

having captured and retained several

hundred yards of German trenches,

while the latter announces the taking

of a greater length at another point in

the Champagne district. The Russians

are becoming aggressive from Riga

south to the Galician frontier and small

successes have attended several of

their offensive movements. Before the

Albania capital of Durazzo, Austrian

and Italian forces are assembling and

a battle seems imminent. In the Cau-

cassus district both the Russians and

the Turks claim successes. The im-

portant fort at Erzerum which lies to

the south of the eastern extremity of

the Black Sea is being surrounded and

bombarded by Russian forces. To the

east the Turks claim to have dislodg.

ed Russian troops from positions re-

cently taken. Great Britain fears that

the Turks have succeeded in cutting

communications with the British force

at Kut-el—Amara. Relief forces are still

23 miles from the surrounded fort. Al-

though announcement is made that

Bulgaria is seeking separate peace

with the Allies, in that her purpose in

entering the war which was the con-

quering of Serbia has been obtained,

diplomats do not credit the news as

authentic. Grecian neutrality was

again proclaimed last week in a royal

note to the entente allies.



Germany is alleged to be making

strenuous efforts to induce the Poles

to agree to an autonomy under the

morainty of Germany in which event

an additional army of 900,000 Poles

will be organized by the Ten-tons. Pol‘

ish leaders in Switzerland believe

therefore it is imperative for the en

tente allies to guarantee Polish auton-

omy to prevent the Poles from accept.

“1% Germany’s offer.



ussla is planning to float a loan of

$25 000,000 in Japan.



'l‘he great gun works at Shade, Aus-

tria, the second largest factory of this

character in the world. has been par-

tially destroyed by dynamite explo-

clone. Two hundred Wot-limp are re-

puted killed. ,



National.



The attitude of European belliger-

ents regarding armed merchantmen

entering American ports is giving our

government some concern. Germany

and Austria declare they will treat

such vessels as war ships, while the

Allies insist upon the right to carry

guns for defensive purposes. It is

probable that Congress may close al‘ll’k

ed liners to American passengers.



The committee on foreign relations



of the United States Senate are in pos-

session of extraordinary revelations

pointing to plans of Germany to estab

fish a foothold in several republics of

the western hemisphere and in the

Danish West Indies in defiance of the

Monroe rine.

. Over one hundred guests at a ham

quot at the Chicago University Club

were made in through eating of soup

curtainin . arsenic supposed to have

been ma] clously added to the food.



Again diplomats believe the Lusitan-

it controversy within. the safety zone,

the governments ofthe United States

and Germany having only a few minor

details upon which they now differ. ,
s





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





"'“‘.‘ ' gram





FEB. 19, 1916. ’-





 





THE' MICHIGAN ‘FARMER





The Farmer Versus the Sportsman

By ALLEN J. TITUS.





URING the last ten years, while

acting as deputy game and fish

warden, I have given much



thought to this question of therela-

tions of the farmer and the sports-

man. I have also experienced many

uncomfortable moments as the result

of some very unnecessarily careless

act on my own part, and have learned

that I have caused unnecessary worry,

irritation and at times, loss, to some

farmer. In making mention of these

facts, I desire only that a line may be

drawn, whereby an amicable under-

standing will eventually be reached.

Perhaps the farmer may be living in

the immediate vicinity of my home

town; perhaps he may live in some re-

mote cornea‘ of the county, engaged in

the pursuit of grazing sheep or cattle;

but Wherever it may be, I can see,

where, in a moment of utter disregard

for another’s rights, I may have caus-

ed unnecessary trouble, thereby bring-

ing to light just cause for damage

claims which ofttimes are not made.





and for the second and, or any subse-

quent offense charged in the com-

plaint, shall upon conviction thereof,

be punished by a fine of not less than

fifty dollars and not exceeding two

hundred dollars and costs of prosecu-

tion, or imprisonment not less than

sixty days nor more than one year,

and in all cases when fine and costs

are imposed, the court shall sentence

the offender to be confined in the coun-

ty jail or state house of correction un-

til such fine and costs are paid, for any

period not exceeding the maximum jail

penalty provided for such offense.”

With this law the farmer has little

cause for complaint. It really puts the

matter up to him and it is up to the

sportsman to observe the signs that

are posted. Of late about the most

prevalent'cry is against the use of the

bird dog. A great many would like to

see the uSe of the bird dog dispensed

with for a given length of time. As to

the advisability of the latter proposi-

tion, I would not venture to commit





 





 





For many years, as the laws existed

in Michigan, it was next to impossible

for the farmer to bring action and col-

lect damage, in any court in city or

village, other than a measly six cents

damages.



The Farmer’s Protection.



Thousands of readers will ask, “how

does the sportsman cause this damage

to the average farmer?” and I can find

no better explanation and answer than

to relate some of the instances which

have been so forcibly brought to my

attention. During the years I have

acted as warden in my county, and

later as a state deputy, I was often

forced to Visit the homes of some of

my best friends among the farmers,

there to listen to complaint that the

“law was all wrong,” which to my

mind seemed to be the case. In 1911,

when the State Legislature enacted a

law giving the farmer better protec-

tion, it seemed that the trouble was

obviated to some extent.



Section 3, Act 275, Public Acts,

1911, reads: “No person shall hunt

with firearms or dogs, or in any other

manner, in any public park or public

game preserves at any time.

son shall hunt with firearms or dogs,

or in any other manner, on the enclos-

ed lands of another or upon any farm

lands or farm wood-lot connected

therewith, without the consent of the

owner of such lands when notices have

been posted on such lands forbidding

hunting thereon, by the owner or les-

see of such lands. No person shall de-

face or destroy any notices posted

upon such enclosed lands, farm lands,

or farm wood-lots in accordance with

the provisions of this act.” Penalty.

“Any person or persons violating any

of the provisions of this act, shall be

deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and

upon conviction thereof for the first

offense shall be punished by a fine of

not less than ten dollars, and not ex-

ceeding one hundred dollars, together

with costs of prosecution, or by im-

prisonment in the county jail or state

house of correction not exceeding 90

days, or both such fine and imprison-

ment in the discretion of the court;





No per— '





A Peach Orchard which was Nearly Destroyed by Fire Started by Hunters.





myself except in this way: To the av-

erage hunter who shoots over his dog,

the time is rapidly drawing near when

there will be little bird shooting in

Michigan, unless the line is rigidly

drawn soon. I am sincerely of the

opinion that unless the sporting fra-

ternity soon recognizes the claims of

the farmer, rather than incur his ever-

lasting contempt, the opportunity for

the use of dog and gun will soon be at

an end.

Where Hunters Are Justly Accused.

But a short time ago a report was

received at this office to the effect that

one Wilson, persisted in hunting with

gun and dog upon the enclosed and

posted lands of Farmer Gleason, al-





costs of $32. Now, did Wilson pay for

the many hours of anxious worry and

watching which he had caused Glea-

son? I think not.



Was the law stringent enough or did

the presiding justice fail to administer

the law as was intended in cases of

this sort? I am a sportsman, taking

my whirl at birds, rabbit and deer each

fall, but I can truthfully say that I fail

to see where Wilson made good in this

instance, unless he really learned that

it was best to observe the rights of

every farmer. If he learnd that, I am

satisfied. ‘



Another time Farmer Smithson pas-

tured one hundred sheep upon one

hundred acres of land upon the shores

of Nicol Lake. A party of Newaygo

county sportsmen went to the lake,

made camp and fished three days,

when they departed, leaving a few

coals of fire. The party had not reach-

ed the depot four miles away, when a

fire had gained great headway. A few

days later the state papers contained

a story that “flames, started from the

fire of careless fishermen, had driven

forty head of valuable sheep, belong-

ing to Smithson, into a hedgerow of

brush, where, panic-stricken, they were

that death ensued. Can you blame

Smithson for asking for more strin-

gent laws relating to trespassing?



John Branch had endeavored to safe-

guard the roots of his young peach

trees against the frosts, and sowed

sand vetch which was to collect the

leaves and snow. Three bird hunters

started a fire and, the foliage being

dry, some entire rows of trees, con-

taining forty trees to the row, were

nearly ruined. Yet Branch had posted

his lands against this very invasion.



Another party, hunting deer in the

slashings and cut-over lands in a re-

mote portion of the country, pitched

their camps and stayed in twenty days.



On occasions of this kind it becomes

necessary to have firewood and in this

instance the finest cedar and birch-

wood were used. Members of this

party selected the best timber for

their fires, both for cooking and heat-

ing. As‘ the snows afforded better

sleighing and the farmer owning the

land and timber, desired to remove

some of his, best timber, he was sur-

prised to discover that a large amount

of the best timber was gone. Later

this man met; one of the hunters and

explained the. situation to him. The

hunter replied that “he. supposed he

was upon state land." There were

several signs upon the trees in that

vicinity.



The Gypsy Menace.



Another menace, not. of the least, to



the wild dry lands is the average gyp-





 





 





Fires are Often Started by Careless Hunters in Dry Grass and Brush Lands.





though Gleason had repeatedly warnefd

him to keep off.



Although the farmer had repeatedly

ordered Wilson off the premises, he

would as often return. Gleason claim-

ed that upon his 200 acres of pasture

land were being fed hundreds of sheep

and young cattle, and that as he had

posted the land, he was taking no oth-

er precaution against wild or stray

shots, or dropping of a lighted match,

which might cause thousands of dol-

lars worth of damage. In this case

Wilson was forced to pay a fine and





sy campers, who travel each season

over the roads of our state without

restrictions. In many places fires have

been traced to these people.



It is my firm conviction that the

farmer has reached the limit of for-

bearance in these matters. In many

cases the state game wardens and

their deputies are doing much to curb

the nuisances of which' I have written.

“Do by thy neighbor as ye would be

done by,” and we will have better feel-

ing between the two factions of which

I have written.





 





Grow Potatoes thisYear





PUT in a big acreage. Make





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uniform planting means

biggest yield. Machine

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sows fertili-





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O

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$10,000.00





. Bach This

Hertz!" a look S Aw

Pomblo Wood

Thin is the chn In! mid .

Only ’1 90 luv mm to which

n ripping uh]. out he “did-

Guannued I you. money n-

!unded and I“ charge: paid "1:00

utlahctory. Writ. tor cut-log.

“lull-etc... Inga M90.
228—4 ‘





Model I.

12-20 More. Power





 





EMERSON





Farm Tractor





four-cylinder, 2-speed. light

weight tractor built for con-

tinuous hard service and

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Equipped with Hyatt roller bearings.





TH E MICHIGAN ,FAJRM‘ER





By PROF. A.





HE disintegration of concrete

drain- tile has attracted the at-

tention of manufacturers and us-

ers alike ever since they were first

used for draining soils. There are

concrete tile drains known to have

been in existence for twenty-five years

and are still giving good service, yet

there are many others that have failed.

The use of concrete drain tile has in-

creased rapidly during the past few

years but the many failures has result-

ed in a more or less widespread belief

that they are not durable under all

soil conditions. There seems to be

quite a general belief that in muck

soils, especially,-tile made from con-

crete should not be used.

The cause of the disintegration has





 





Cut steel gears in dust-proof oil bath.

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easily accessible. Will pull the imple-

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as gangplows, harrows, mowers, binders,

manure Spreaders, wagons, drags and

small road graders. Will operate your

ensilage cutter, feed grinder, small sep-

arator, circular saw, water pump, hay

baler—all your belt driven machinery.

\Vrite today for free folder illustrated in colors,

or check coupon for information on any article

in the E- B line of' ‘good farm machinery. ”

m-—-—-—-_-_-_

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Please send free literature on articles checked:

__Tractors_._Plows.__liarrows__Cultivltors.__llrtnrs

___Dril|s__le"s___Mowers__llay Tools.__ThrIslms

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Valuable Book Sent FREE





By Makers of





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For Goo Eynglnes, Tractors; Automobiles.

also for Phones. Bells, Hn_nd Lanterns. Etc.





Send us your dealer’ 5 name _nnd we'll mail you,

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1 been adopte as text bookb y 12 State Agri-

i cultural C ollenes and numerous Agricultur-

al “131: Schools. We w .laiso send you our cat-



alog containing picturt s and descriptions of Every-

thing Electrical for Home and On the Farm.





“ The Guarantee Protects You. AskYonr Dealer





MANHATTAN ELECTRICAL SUPPLY C0.

104 50. Fifth Ave.. Chiscauo

New York St. Louis San Francisco

Factories at Jersey City, N. 1., and Banana, Ohio





   





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‘not been clearly understood and in re-



sponse to many requests that came to

the experiment station for information

on the subject the chemical division

undertook an investigation of the

subject.



At the outset, a number of drains

were examined and cases of disinte‘

grated tile were found in all types of

soil. Samples of the soil and disinte-

grated tile were forwarded to the lab-

oratory for further examination and

all the information possible in regard

to the manufacture of the tile was ob-

tained. In even case examined, sound

i tile as well as badly disintegrated ones

!were found and it was not uncommon

to find a perfectlv sound tile between

two poor ones. This evidence strongly

indicated that neither the soil nor the

soil water could be the primary cause

of the disintegration, otherwise all the

:tile in the drainage system should be

affected in the same way. A further

examination of the tile in the labora-

torv revealed very little beyond the

fact that some of the cementing mate-

rial had been removed which allowed

the sand and gravel to crumble and

rub off at the slightest touch.



An examination of the soils in which

the tile had lain showed no uniformity

of condition. Some of the soils were

acid and some were not acid. Some

contained a large amount of organic

matter and others contained very lit-

tle organic matter. No one condition

that might cause disintegration was

present in all cases.



The Contributing Causes.



Upon examining the data concerning

.the manufacture of the tile a great

variation was found and every case

disintegration might have resulted

from one or more of the following

causes:



(1) The use of too lean a mixture.



(2) The use of too dry a mixture.



(3) Improper hardening of the pro-

duct aftcr being formed.



(4) Placing the tile in the ground

before the concrete had sufficiently

hardened to afford proper resistance to

the solvent action of the soil water on

the cement.



In order to throw more light on the

action of solutions upon concrete, at

number of experimental tile were pre-

pared, through the walls of which, so-

lutions of various kind were cansed to

pass. In this way it was-found that

even pure water passing through the

walls of a tile will slowly dissolve

some of the cementing materials while

water containing carbon dioxide and





 





 





 





result much quicker.

Requirements for Good Tile.



The next step in the investigation,

naturally, led to the production of a

tile so dense that solutions would not

readily pass through its walls. Obvi-

ously, air spaces or voids should not

be present as they tend to make the

tile porous. The gravel should be

graded from fine to coarse so that

when mixed with the cement no air-

spaces will exist. The size of the larg-

est particle should not be-more than

onehalf the thickness of the tile wall

or onevquarter inch for all sizes up to

ten inches. Bank-run gravel is rarely

satisfactory but should first be screen-





 





dissolved salts will bring about this





Durability 0f Concrete Tile





J. PATTEN.





ed and remixed in the proper propor-

tions. Sharpness is not essehtial but

it is very important that the gravel be

clean. It should not contain more than

three per cent of clay or organic mat-

ter as this prevents the cement from

forming a close union with the par-

ticles.



One sack of cement to three cubic

feet of gravel is recommended as giv.

ing the best results. Just enough wa-

ter should be added so that the cas-

ings may be removed from the tile im-

mediately after forming and an auto-

matic device for measuring the water

is desirable. A batch mixer is prefer-

able and the mixing should be contin-

ued for one minute after all the ma-

terials, including water, have been ad-

ded. The tile should show web-like

markings or water marks on the outer

surfaces and trowel marks on the in-

ner surfaces when the casings are re—

moved. They should be uniformly

packed from top to bottom so as to

insure a dense product with smooth

ends and inner surfaces.



Preper Curing is Important.



The hardening or curing process is,



perhaps, the most important step in





' 'v 5e





-. . :‘va _. M . ~‘..





FEB. 19, 1916.





the manufacture of conCrete tile, for,

although one may use the utmost care

in grading and mixing the materials,

if the tile are not properly hardened

the maximum strength and durability

will not be attained. The best results

are obtained when the hardening proc-

ess is conducted in a specially cou«

structed chamber where the tempera-

ture can be controlled and an atmos-

phere saturated with moisture main-

tained. The length of time required

in the hardening process varies from

about eighteen to thirty days, depend-

ing upon the method employed.





With the knowledge now at hand

there is no reason why concrete tile

cannot be made that will be durable

under all soil conditions and if prop-

erly made and hardened before being

placed in the ditch, they should be-

come better rather than poorer... How-

ever, unless one has the facilities for

employing the mest materials and

methods, the manufacture of concrete

tile should not be attempted. The in-

vestment of labor and material requir-

ed to place a drain is too great to take

the risk of using poor tile. '



More complete details of the inves-

tigation will be given in a bulletin soon

to be issued by the exepriment sta-

tion, copies of which may be had on

application.





Winter Care of Farm Tools





Much has been written on this sub-

ject and I must admit that. there is

some need of prompting an occasional

farmer about the care ‘of his tools.

Many people, however, have criticized

the farmer about his carelessness in

caring for his tools who do not always

seem to understand the real condi-

tions. On the train the other day a

traveling man noticed a hay loader

standing in the back field on a man’s

farm we passed. He at once began a

tirade about the shiftlessness of farm-

ers in general, and some in particular.

There was no wonder many of them

did not meet their obligations on time.

etc. He asserted that they lost enough

from leaving'their tools out doors to

make a good dividend on their farm

investment. I got interested, as I sat

close to him, and his remarks seemed

to be directed to me as much as to

anyone, and I rather took the farmer's

part. He said, “There is a hay loader

that cost that farmer $40 or $50, and

it is ruined. It will be out there all

winter and probably can never be

used again. It is really an absolute

loss.” But I reminded him that the

loader may have been useless, worn

out, good for nothing, and left there

on that account. Farm tools do not

last forever. When they are used

about so much they, like everything

else, are not worth fixing up, It doesn't

pay the farmer to putter along with

an old loader that is getting out of or-

der every little while. Hay must be

got into the barn on time, sometimes

in short order, and if machinery is

worn, if it bothers, the farmer can

not afford to use it. One day with a

good tool might save the cost of the

tool. I told him that same farmer

probably had a good loader in his tool

shed or barn, and this one had been

discarded as useless.



This was a new idea to this man. He

was talking about something he knew

nothing about. I argued that not one

farmer in one thousand would leave

a good hay loader in the field over

winter. Farmers have to work too

hard, and figure too close to make div-

idends on their investments to actu-

ally throw away their tools. I have

had an opportunity to observe what

farmers do more than some men and I

never saw but few cases of wanton de-

struction like that.



Every farm has a junk heap. You

can say, if you know nothing about

farming, that his waste, but one who

knows from actual experience would

say that this junk heap represents ac-

tual wear. The manufacturer would





\call it expense, or overhead expense.





Many of these same men, however,

scold the farmer,: (and many times it





is more than scold, it is downright

abuse), for laying aside worn-out tools.



I heard a banker once deliver a tir-

ade of abuse to farmers in general be-

cause of their buying so many new

tools and not taking care, of their old

ones. Yet that. same banker had laid

aside an adding machine because it

got out of order and bothered him

when he wanted to use it, and I ven-

ture to say a farmer would have fixed

up his machine and made it do a while

longer.



11 is easy and simple for business

men to criticize farmers, because they

have had little experience and know

but little of the wear and tear of farm

machinery. Take as simple a tool as

the plow. The manufacturer has per-

fected almost a perfect tool. He has

made it so that the essential parts,

when worn or broken, can be replaced

by new ones, and yet there comes a

time, if this tool is used constantly,

when it must be thrown into the junk

heap and be replaced by a new one.

If this is true of the most simple form

of tool, what can be expected of the

more complicated implements, like

mowers, harvesters, hay loaders, etc.

Before the traveling man criticises the

farmer he should acquaint himself with

the actual facts. If he does he is not

apt to criticize so severely.



It certainly would have looked bet-

ter had this farmer, at first referred

to, taken that old, worthless hay load-

er out of the field, taken it to pieces,

saved the belts and such irons as

might come handy for future use, used

the wood for repairing other tools, or

used it for firewood, and he probably

will do this in time—when he gets

time. Then the farmer would have

saved himself from this abuse by the

traveling man, but in dollars and cents

he would have been but little ahead.



Most farmers, nowadays, take pretty

good care of their tools as long as

they are worth caring for. Many take

good care of tools that actually are

not worth caring for. I saw a farmer





oil cultivator teeth once when he put





his cultivator away for the season,

that were actually worn out. They

were good for nothing and he could

have purchased new ones for 15 or 20

cents each. He should, in my judg-

ment, have thrown them away instead

of wasting his time and good oil to

care for them, but he had got into the

habit of doing this and did not really

consider what he was doing. When the

binder is worn so. the man has to tink-

er With it half the time, he had better

unhook from it and get a new one. The

new one costs mone'y, but the old one

will waste much more.

COLON “C. LILLu.
l





FEB: 19,1916.





Improvving the





' By PROF. A. K.





HE importance and value of a

woodlot in connection with a.

farm is. often overlooked. The

woodlot is not infrequently considered

as so much" waste land, idle capital,

and it is often neglected and allowed

to deteriorate. If put to work and

properly managed it is a valuable part

of the farm and will yield returns, di-

rect and indirect. It should produce

firewood, occasional timbers and lum-

ber, often maple sugar, and it is al-

ways a pleasant spot on the farm. The

woodlot should be taken care of in the

same way as the rest of the farm. It

will pay, if only by giving a steady

supply of fuel. In cutting or selling

timber from the woodlot be sure that

it can be spared, that there will be

enough left to provide for future

crops. Do not cut all the timber un-

less the land is absolutely necessary

for some other purpose, and even then

stop to consider first what the farm

would be like without the woodlot. Re-

member that farmers are planting

trees for windbreaks and are estab-

lishing forest plantations where they

have no woodlots. Before beginning

cutting go over the ground and decide

which trees should be taken out. If

somebody else is going to do the cut-

ting, mark or blaze these trees so

there will be no mistake.

How to Select the Trees for Cutting.

In the average woolet, cutting





should be done on the selection sys-

tem, taking out trees here and there

without seriously interfering with the

The greatest





density of the stand.





THE "MICHIGAN FARMER





Farm woodlot” ‘

CHITTENDEN ' ’





ped trees are taken out at once and

the ground exposed to the sun and

wind, the soil will dry out and the]

roots of the small trees left may not

be able to obtain water enough for

their growth.



When Plantings Should be Made.



Dead and diseased trees which are

sound enough for use and trees which

are crooked or which have grown in

the shade so long that they will not

be able to mature should be taken out





‘ "IlllllllllllIllllml'lllllltlllnnlllnllllllllllllllll





 





first. Next the undesirable trees





,should be taken out in order to pre-]





vent them from reproducing, and

enough of the wide-topped, mature





trees which are shading out thriftyl





young trees of good species in order

to give these young trees room to de-

velop. Openings should not be made

so large that the crowns of the trees

will not be able to close within five or

six years. If there are any large op-

enings in the woodlot valuable, fast

growing species should be planted. The

composition of the woodlot can be im-

proved by planting. It is better not to

make heavy thinnings, but to thin

lightly and often. The edge of the

woodlot should be kept dense. Nor-

way spruce may be planted around the

edge if necessary. They will make

good Christmas trees in a few years if

they are not needed for a windbreak.

There is often a good market for a

limited number of Christmas trees.

The forest should consist of an un-

derstory of shade-bearing trees, such

as sugar maple and beech, growing un-

der an overstory of light-demanding





 





 





 





The Housewife Appreciates a Good Supply of the Product of the Woodlot.





amount of timber per acre is produced

when the trees are close enough to-

gether to completely shade the ground.

The best lumber is produced by trees

which are straight and free from limbs

on the lower part of the stem. Such

trees are the result of growing close

enough together to force each other to

grow upwards for light. They should,

however, have room to develop a good

crown, as diameter growth depends

very largely on the amount of foliage

on the tree. Too much crowding re-

sults in crooked and stunted trees. If

heavy cuttings are made in any one

place the soil will\be exposed to sun

and wind and planting may be neces-

sary in order to restore the forest.

Only the surplus trees, the fully ma-

tured trees and the trees of poor spe-

cies should be cut. Aim to improve

the forest by taking out the poorer

and less desirable species, giving more

room to the trees of better species.

The forest should not be opened up too

much. Not more than twenty per cent

of the older trees should be taken out

at any one time and in case of such a

heavy cutting a period of some years

should elapse before the next cutting.

Trees with large healthy crowns are

increasing rapidly in volume. They

are, however, shading out the small

trees which are underneath. If such

big-crowned trees are not of valuable

species they should be taken out. If,

however, they are of valuable species

and are healthy it is better to leave

them until they are needed for lumber

or timbers. If too many such big—top-





 





trees of the most valuable species,

such as ash, basswood, elm, white

pine, cherry and walnut. If the sugar

maple and beech are the tallest trees

in the forest, their dense shade will

prevent young trees from growing well

underneath. If the woodlot is man-

aged as a sugarbush, however, the su-

gar maples should be favored at the

expense of the other species. A tree

with a large spreading crown will give

more and richer sap than a small-

crowned tree. The sap flow is in di-

rect proportion to the size of the

crown, but as many wide-crowned

trees as possible should be on each

acre as it is cheaper to collect the sap

when the trees are near together.



Be careful in logging not to injure

the valuable young growth. The young

growth is the basis of future crops.

Waste of timber in stumps and tops

should be avoided. Stumps should be

cut as low as possible and the tops and

limbs used for firewood. By doing this

the timber will go farther and it will

not be necessary to cut so much of it.



The woods should not be pastured

if it is desired to maintain the wood-

lot. It cannot be used for both forest

and pasture at the same time with

success.





 





_ Good Results.



“I Will say that I have had very

good results from my ad in the Michi-

gan Farmer, in fact have discontinued

my advertising in other journals, as

The Farmer gives me all the business

that I can take care of at the present

time.”—O. E. Hawley, Pleasant Valley





with you.





robs you of power.

down metal.





Unless the body

ofyouroil isadapted

to your motor and

feed system, it will

not properly dis-

tribute between the





 





Like the weight of an extra

passenger, friction always rides





It drags at your bearings. It

It wears

There are several

thousand piston-strokes in a cyl-

inder for each mile the car runs.





As friction can never be en-

tirely overcome, it is imperative

that you use the best possible fric-

tion reducing oil for your motor.





 





And, unless its gun/2‘1} is of the

highest,it too quickly“\vears out” to

under the constant rubbing be-

tween the moving metal surfaces.





'5— —229





The Destroyer of Steel





Below we print a scientific

Chart of Automobile Recommen-

dations. This Chart for a number

of years has been the niotorist’s

standard guide to correct lubri-

cation.





The my of the oil specified

for your car in this chart enables

it to feed in correct quantities

to every friction point.





After it reaches these friction





points, its quality assures a

constant and proper

oil cushion.





If your car is not

listed in the partial

Chart below, send for

complete (Shart which

embraces 585 makes

of cars.





In buying Gargoyle

Mobiloils from your dealer, it is safest

purchase in original packages.

Look for the red Gargoyle on the con-

tainer. For information, kindly ad—

dress any inquiry to our nearest office.





 





Explanation .'





CORRECT AUTOMOBILE LUBRICATION

The four grades of Gargoyle Mobiloils for gasoline motor

lubrication, purified to remove free carbon, are:

Gargoyle Mobiloil “A”

Gargoyle Mobiloil “B”

In the Chart below, the letter opposite the car indicates the grade of Gargoyle

Mobiloils that should be used. '

“A,” “Arc”means Gargoyle Mobiloil“Arctic,”etc. The recommendations cover

all models of both pleasure and





Gargoyle Mobiloil “E”

Gargoyle Mobiloil “Arctic”





For example, “A” means Gargoyle Mobiloil





commercial vehicles unless othemise noted.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





IlllllllllllllIIllllllNlNlllumllllllllllfl“HIMHHII .





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





NOBEL 0' 1911 I912 1913 1914 1915 MODEL OF 1911 I912 I913 19“ 1915

bg‘égtjgbgbg ‘6 B ingest;

cm EfiEfiEJEEfiS-fi ms §.§§§E§§ES§

mgwgvfi‘zhsdis mac/2535:0311”):

Abbott Detroit ...... A Arc- A Arc. A‘LAI’QAH‘ Anr‘ c fire. ILiolmc ............ A Am A [Are A Arc..... ..

crican ........... A Arc- A Arc. A [Arc Arc " Knight ...... .. . A A A A

Apperson ......... .Arc.Arc.Arc. rc. ArcArcArc. rc.Art.Arc. Moon (4 cyl.) ....... Arc. Arc. Arc. Arqurc. Arc. A rc.Arc.Arc.

Auburn (4Cyl) ...... A A A A A A A A Arc. " (6cyl.) ....... ...'... Arc.Arc.Arc,Arc.

" (6 cyl) ....... :.. .. . .. . .. . . .. .. .Arc. Arc. ArcArc.‘ National..u._w.... A A .A A A A A A A Arc.

E A A A A A A Oakland ............ A Arc. A Arc. A Arc ArcArc. Arc. Arc.

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . .. Arm/kc Arc Arc. Oldsmobile ......... A Arc. A Arc. \rc. Arc. Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc.

Arc. A Are. A Arc. A Arc Arc. Arc. Overland ............ Arc. Arc. Arc. Arc. Arc. Arc Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc

c. Arc. Arc. ArcArc Arc.Arc.Arc .. Packard ............ Arc.ArC.Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc. A Are. A Arc,

.............Arcrc, Paige. ............ AArc.A E A E A A AA”,

A A Arc A Arc. A Arc A Arc. " (chl) . ....Arc.Am.

A Arc.Arc.:\r< Arc Arc A A ArcArc. Pathfinder“ A AFC.ArC.Arc.Arc.Arc.

- .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... ... ArcArc \ cArc. Framer” A Are A Arc. A Arc. A Arc. A An).

, B B B B B B 13 B Rambler .. . A .-\rc.Arc,Arc.Arc.Arc...... .. ,

.. . Arc. :\rc.Aic.Arc. Regal. ,. A Arc. Arc. Arc. Arc. Arc.Arc. Arc.Arc. Arc.

. .. . .. . H A A A .‘.rc.ArC.Arc. §ff§d ----- . A Arc. A Arc. A Arc. g Ag. AE Age.

A Arc. Arc. Arc.Arc.Arc.i\rc Arc Arc.Arc., . ‘ """" ‘ - ~ .

Detroiter ............ . .. A Art. A Arc. A A A Arc. Pmdebakm A NC-Amfim A “6- A Arc‘ArcArc.

.. “(an)”. ..Arc.Arc. Stutz ......... ............Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc.A A A A

.. . .. .. E “il‘e (4cyl.).-. . A Are. A Arc. A Arc. A Arc. A Arc.

.Arc.ArL.Arc.:\rc . (6cyl.).. .. .......,.............,...Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc,

' A Arc. A ArcArc Arc.Arc. Am “0A,,“ afiltcl . ..’. . .. . . . Arc.Arc.Arc. Am.Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc.

E E ArcArc. "Won ”up”... Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc Arc.Arc.iArvc.Ai-v1

. . .. ..Arc.ArC. . . ....

EEEEEEBEBE‘ TRACTORS

AArc.AArc.AArc.AAAA {is :3

B A A Arc, A Arc..... . ,. Model 0' E E Modrlol E a

. .. . . . .. . . . .rArc.Arc.r‘\rc.ArC. Tractor E § Tractor E "'

A Arc. A Arc. A Arc. A Arc A Are. .2 5 3

Hudson............... A Art. A Arc. A Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc, Aultman-Taylor Han Panuhum,“ E A

Hupmobile‘ ......... .... .. .. .. . .. .. A Arc. .A Am A Are, (4 cyl. horizontal) A ArC. llccr

" ‘(Modcl 20 Arc.Arc.Arc. Arc. Arc Arc. . .., Avgry ................. B A” (2 cyl. horizontal) A Arc.

I.H.C.(au‘) ........ B A B A B A a ................. B A l.H.C ............... A An».

" .(wawr) .. _ A A A A A A as ,Fourmo) ...... A Arc, Imperial (w) ........ a A

_;numntionnl.. B I} B A .... .... .... 8.5] ................. A A Lambert (Model X) A Arc.

unterstato ..... A Arc. A Arc A Arc. A Arc. A Arc. Bullcy (ModclAl)-- A A Leader (I‘ICJVy Duty) A Arc.

{when A Arc. A Arc. A ,Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc. Hoeratcrpillar...... A A Lion ................. A A

allay ...... . A A AArc. C.O.D. M.&l\-»-.--.~~m A A

' Cam’l ... u ,, ..‘uArc. Arc. rc.Arc.Arc.Arc. A Arc.. (2 cyl.-horizonml) A A“. Nichols & Shepard .

gig ........ .. A l: A E A E A A A Arc. Dcnning (2 cyl. horizontal) A Arc.

. (scyl)... ...... ........................Arc.Am.. (ModelsBocC).. A A 8mg ...... . ......... Amara

[us-cl-Kar .......... A Arc. A Arc. A Arc. A Arc. A Ant- Eagle ................. A A ccvcs (40) .......... A A

" " Com'l ...... Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc.Arc. A Arc. A Art. E. B. Farm .......... A Arc. Rumcly -------------- A Arc

“, " [Model 48).... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. A A A A lEmcrsonBramingh'm Russell ............... A Arc

m:.....uu....r.. A A A A A A A A A Arc. (ModclL—Big4~20) A Arc. "‘ ,'

[may Arc. Arc.Arc. Arc. Arc. Are. A Arc. , Fairbanlu Morse ..... A Arc. (4 cyl. horizontal)” A Arc,

... A_ E A Art. A Arc.Arc Arc. rc.AxcL Farquhar .......... A Arc. Suite... -- A

A Arc. A Arc. A Arc, A re. A Arc. Flour City ............ A Arc. Twin Cny ............ A A

”Ag, Arc. Arc. Arc. ArcArc Arr. Arc.Arc, Arc.| ’ “ “(HravyDuty) B A . Universal

ell ................ AND. A Arc. A An. A Arc A Art. 1» Gray .................. A A \ (Modrls A6: ll).. Arc.A1c,

Mitchell ............ A Arc. A An A Arc. A Are A An.‘ uckncv Auto Plow. A A ' Wallis (Type D) A Arc.





 





 





 





 





 





carbon is deposited.





Mobiloil “B” the year ’round.





Dom ectr'c Branches :





 





Stationary and Portable Engines

Your oil must meet the heat conditions in your engine. Many oils thin out

too much under engine -heat. Three troubles result: (1) Compression escapes

and power is lost. (2) The cylinder walls are exposed to friction. (3) Excess

The oils specified below will prove efficient.

Water-cooled engines—Use Gargoyle Mobiloil “A" in summer; use

Gargoyle Mobiloil “Arctic” in winter.





Air-cooled engines—Use Gargoyle





~A





Tractors





The design of your engine must determine the correct oil. Send for booklet

Containing Gargoyle Mobiloils Chart of Recommendations for tractors.



Mobilubricant—In the patented Handy Package.

transmissions, differentials and compression cups of automobiles. The spout fits

the filling plug Opening of the Ford and all other cars. Mobilubricant is just the

thing for farm machinery. Simply turn the key. No dirt, no waste, no trouble.





VACUUM OIL COMPANY, Rochester, N.Y., U. s. A.





Specialists in the manufacture of high-grade lubricants for

every class of machinery. Obtainable everywhere in the world.





Detroit

Boston





The correct grease for





New York





. Philadelphia

Chicago





Minneapolis

Indianapolis





Pittsburgh





 





 





Poultry Farm, Ludington, Mich.
FEB. 19, 1916.





 





   

   

   

   

   

   

     

 





You will have to do so if you delay. The sky is

the limit. Buying is tremendously heavy. Every

week finds raw materials harder to get.





DiP

on fly Last month we advertised that we would protect





our trade against advancing pricesso long as our

ar supplies of raw materials purchased under old

. contracts should hold out. Since then we have

prlces practically sold out all our stock of one kind of

silo timber. Prices on this material have already



f been advanced to meet the increased cost.

or But we still have several million feet of another

kind of silo timber,-—the finest that can be found

ILOS in the United States today,—clear and sound

and thoroughly seasoned. We bought this at

before-the-war prices. It is going fast, but so





long as it lasts we will sell Indiana Silos of this

material at no advance over last year’s prices.





 





 





 





This stock will very quickly be sold. Then the prob-

lem will be to get satisfactory silo material at any

price. We therefore very seriously advise our custo-

mers to take advantage of this opportunity by /

, placing their orders for Indiana Silos immediately.





 





THE Write today for our quotation that will pro-

tect you against further advances in price.

INDIANA SILO Orders accepted for delivery to suit your





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





COMPANY convenience.

' 582. U ' B ild' . "V

3% ., meningitis. ‘ g , mm Mill

5;; E h ll ., ' 3 _.

“é ’ ' ~ 7 “5““

in“? I v I // I “-

.¢ “isthmus. - . ///// /./. .

g 5%: 1.1;. smear???" ill) ’7, . ' ,7// /////

Hi . . or ,' ex. / ’ ’/’ " ' ”7” . I '

% It 147 . I A

n z

I 5 .g .. iii. iii“ 1"

l l ’ d

9/; .. ./ _ . .

/ i _ *

/ I

% r ’ * l l

é -.. - ' ”I

g 3* " é





 





 





TESTED





Sold Subject To

Your Approval





ED CORN





OUT FOR YOUR SEED CORN:

GOOD SEED CORN IS SCARCE THIS YEAR!

Never in our knowledge has good varieties of

seed corn of good ermination been so scarce,

and we have specie ized and made the growing

of seed com a specialty for the past 32 years,

wholesale and retail. We are located in the

heart of the best corn growing section of Iowa,

and the best. seed corn glrowing district in the

world. and grow and hail e more seed corn than

any growers or firm in Iowa, or any other state

or in the world. Our orders and shi pin books

show it and we invite comparison wi

disautcd.

e have thousands of bushels of high test-

ing seed corn again this gear—testing 94

to 98 r;? of all the leading an best early varie-

ties. also all the best standard varieties, such as

Iowa Gold lVIine, Pride of the North. Dakota

Bloody Butcher, Queen of Nishna Silver King.

All foregoing early. In standard early varie-

ties are Diamond Joe's Biff1 Early White Iowa,

Silver Aline. St. Charles \V ite, red cob; Im er-

ial White. red cob; Reid's Yellow Dent. Pri e oi

Nishna. yello‘v; Mammoth Early Iowa Yellow

Dent; Gold Standard Leaming. and other varie-

ties. Also all the Best Flint, and Sweet, or Sugar

Corns. All best imported and improved varie-

ties of seed oats. barley. speltz. grasses, clovcrs,





 





ot ers, if





 





seeds. ALL KINDS of farm and garden seeds. \Ve accept no order for seeds of any sort not

based on our guarantee of entire satisfaction. Otherwise seed may be returned at our expense

any 'time within 12 days from receipt ofsame. You run no risk in orderln your seeds from

us. Our big “(5 page catalog is new ready—send tor your copy. it’s tee. and tells you

what you want to know.





I\ddress, RATEKINfSEEED HOUSE, Shenandoah. Iowa





 





 





a Before buying any (‘llltivnton See the bi; catalog describing

Investlgate the KRAUS PlvotAxle CULTIVATUR. The Longest lived

Cultivator.



A slight foot. pressure. moves the shovelsnnd wheels instantly

to the right or left. width between gangs is instantly adjusted while the machine is in

motion. The horses furnish the power, the driver only steers.



' AVATES HILLSIDES, UNEVEN LAND AND CROOKED ROWS

CU!“ AS EASILY AS LEVEL GROUND

Slmplestln construction—least number of Darts—nothiuz to get out of





rder. Steel frame. All castings malleable iron. Every part accessible. Built for wear and

gork. Light draft and perfect balance. Made in high and low wheel and 1&1.an PIVOT





GANG. Can be equipped with the

AKRON FERTILIZER DISTRIBUTOR

Ti 0 rcatest improvement in recent years. Applies commercial fertilizer While cultivating, .

()lll‘ fiooklct contains most up—to—date and valuable information. Send iorit. . _

AKRON CULTIVATOR COMPANY Dept. 61 AKRON. OHro./%w





   





 





0 0 K _ MUTTON and WOOL

L prices highest ever known.

Most profitaiilobrnnch farming or ranching. Learn

all about it in Am. Sheep Breeder. last. 36 311+.

'i~I\'.l’res. Taft, called Sen. Vi'arren V“The Abraham

of sheep industrv". Mr. Warren sold to a cabinet





member, “The in. Sheep Breeder is sh‘eepnian‘s

bible. lie reads it from cover to cover. lrehnts

all branches industry home and nimllrd. .\o paper like





‘ . zs Gout a‘ld Mohair l)cpt.$1per.\l'. I’l'l'lllilllils for

lfiixfls‘ubscriberso'loc shepherd's crook or ilusll light for

night use in burns. Handy at lnmlnng time. inper

1 \ r. Sllc if homes of sheepmen you r nmghborhmnhscnt.

Silmpie copy 10c. Anlfiilccp Breeder. licpt. Li, ('hlcugo.





S . A little device that prevents all

P A R M E R o breakage of farm machinery due

to striking rocks or stumps. Attached to any piece 30 H



. P.





 





of machinery in two minutes. Satisfaction guaran—

teed. Write quick for particulars. DEN BESTEN

& DYKSHOK. . Corsica. b‘o. Duk. _





WEIGHT 5700 lbs.





' _ ‘ Will pull two or three 14 in. plows. The long

5 I L O S. Lxcnmve "gm” for mm or chain tread pulls on soft ground or mud where





Lense— )iltented. tongued _ , ,

and grooved concrete “‘2‘“: *bt’l.:‘1f1;11 9:13;?" Wheel machines fall. STRAI D's TRACTOR

. , . . ' ' . . . . .‘ ~o n . . 7 . .

Eitfffiid‘filllioffifibii’firil‘s‘jflpvfsifid .00., .703 Live never shim—never skids—works In any place

Stock Exchange Bldg. nun-"a” C‘t-‘V Ml-‘S‘mn- every day. rain or shine. Offering a few tractors



only on quick orders at. $795.00 to advertise: later

best varieties healthy. hardy, Apple, . . . _ ‘ ‘ ‘ .

BUY 6231-. Peach. Cherry, Plum, noses. the price Will be $995.00. \\ rite for rail inform—





P

DIRECT Shrubs etc., direct aid save '4 Agent’s ation. DO IT NOW.





mm prices 1...... 1 W3 SW“ 0““ KILLEN-STRAIT MFG. c0.





GQOWERch-nton. wholesale Nurseries, G. W.





 





alfalfa. and all kinds of quick annual forage!





' Sweet Clover





l WEET clover won its early rep-





utation in the. south. First it



grew successfully on the prairie

lands of Mississippi, then farther to

the north on soils that had been prac-

tically depleted of fertility the plant-

proved its ability to grow luxuriantly.

In Kentucky short-termed tenants dis-

covered the possibilities of getting a

crop of sweet clover on the run-down

farms and their frequent moving did

much to introduce the plant into new

territory. Its first use was to provide

nectar for bees, as the little fellows

can reach down into the blossoms and

secure the honey. .To others it was

classed as a weed until its feeding val-

ue and fertilizing benefits became bet-

ter known.





The Advantages of the Plant.



In recent years the two advantages

last named have given great impetus

to the growing of this legume. As a

pasture it is equal to alfalfa and the

hay, while a little less valuable than

the average alfalfa crop, is much su-

perior to clever and timothy. The

ability. to add humus to the soil is per-

haps chief among the advantages the

plant offers to farmers in the northern

states. The immense root growth fills

the soil with organic matter and this

has peculiar value due to its rapid de-

composition. Besides the above, farm—

ers have found the seed of the plant a

(valuable crop to grow. The wide-

spread use of sweet clover at the pres-

ent time has increased the demand for

seed many times in the last decade.

These were the reasons given for the

rapid growth in the popularity of sweet

clover, by H. S. (‘09, of the U. S. De-

partment of Agriculture, at the recent.

meeting of the Michigan Experiment

Association held at the Agricultural

College.



Among the several species of sweet





three have attained any considerable

commercial importance. First, white

sweet clover is the species most gen-

erally grown and it probably consti-

tutes 75 per cent of the acreage devot-

ed to this plant in the United States.

In Colerado and aI few other limited

districts, What is known as yellow

sweet clover is grown quite generally.

This variety makes a better quality of

.hay than the first species named by

:reason of its finer stems. Still a third

ivariety is used in the. far southwest

las a catch crop in orchards, but is

{grown hardly at all for fox-age pur~

iposes.





 





May be Pastured Closely.



one of the points made by Mr. Coe

was that it is not necessary to leave

?a growth of leaves and stems on the

Esweet clover field for the protection of

ithe plants over winter. The buds [no

iducing the new stems in the spring

‘are located much lower than are the

buds of the alfalfa plant. They are

naturally protected by the soil itself.

This fact increases the grazing advan-

tages in that the plants can be grazed

closer and also that stock may be tllrn<

ed in much earlier in the spring than

with some of our other pasture crops.

The speaker stated that stock can us-

ually be kept upon this pasture from

early spring until about the .niddle of

August.



Observation and experience have

shown that stands of sweet clover may

be secured, either with or without a

nurse crop. The condition of the soil

and the purpose of the farmer would

dictate very largely the method to be

employed.



Amount of Seed to Sow.



It is generally recommended that

with seed giving a germinating test of

about 85 per Cent, 20 pounds of the

seed will be required to sow an acre.

The speaker was of opinion that much

less seed would give a very satisfac-

tory stand, in fact he believed that

one-half that amount would be suffi-

cient. If germinating tests showed

that 50 per cent of the seed would

grow, then he thought ” 20 pounds

would be enough to Use.





 





on Orchard-size trees. Denton. Williams

Williams, Mgr., Box 140, Dansville, N. Y. Appleton, Wisconsin, U. S. A. 5d?) Second Ave.





clover grown in the United States 0111)"





Many of the sweet clover seeds fail

to germinate because the seed coats

do not admit moisture to the embryo

to start germinating processes. Con-

sequently it has been found advantag-

eous to treat seeds in some manner to

overcome this difficulty. The use of

sulphuric acid has given good results

and the scarifying machine showed an

advantage in favor of its use. Experi-

ments where seeds were rubbed with

sandpaper gave a far higher percent-

age of germination than did similar

tests of untreated seeds.



It was stated that in regard to soil

conditions lime requirements for sweet

clover are practically the same as for

the alfalfa plant. When this element

and good seed are provided it is not a

difficult matter to secure a satiSfactory

stand.



Caring for the Crop.





W'here the crop is being pastured

the stock can usually be turned in

about ten weeks after seeding. On

good lands farmers have been able to

keep as high as twenty shoats per acre

on this crop. In some of the dry sec-

tions of Kansas ranchmen have dou-

bled the number of cattle that their

’lands would sustain on natural grass-

es. Hoven is practically unknown

where cattle are pastured on sweet

clover, and stockmen believe that the

bitter element in the plant is responsi~

ble for the splendid condition of the

digestive systems of animals kept on

sweet clover forage.



In growing the crop for seed it is

difficult to know just when to harvest

the plant. The seeds do not all ripen

at the same time. There will be blos-

soms, green pods, ripe ones and some

that, are shelling all at once. The

farmer must use his judgment and cut

the clover when he thinks the yield

will be largest. Different methods of

harvesting are in vogue; some use the

mowing-machine and buncher and take

care of the plant the same as clever

seed. Others use the binder, shock

the bundles in long open shocks, then

when cured either draw to the thresh-

er or stack and allow to stand for some

time before threshing out the seed.





THE SEED CORN SITUATION.





Field men of the Agricultural Col-

lege have made a survey of the seed

corn situation in some of the counties

of this state, according to Mr. Bamer

in his address before the recent ses-

sion of the Michigan Experiment As-

sociation. Out of over a hundred farms

visited, less than one-half have made

provisions for next year’s seed. Most

of these are contemplating the selec-

tion of ears from their cribs.

an equal number expect to buy seed

from others, while about four per cent

have seed from their 1914 crop.



Mr. Bamer emphasized the tadvam

(age of the field selection of corn over

crib selection. Experiments conduct-

ed in Ohio showed that the average in-

crease in yield of corn from seed se-

lected by the two methods showed an

advantage of four bushel: per acre in

favor of that taken directly from the

field. Experiments in southern Mich-

igan on the same line showed an in-

crease of seven bushels per acre. Oth-

or work corroborates these results.



In many years the necessity of mak-

ing careful germinating tests has not

been so important as it will be for this

coming season. Much of thecorn go-

ing into the cribs that may have the

general appearance of being in good

condition for planting purposes has a

very low germinating test. Many of

these tests show the corn to have a

germinating ratio as low as 20 per

cent. The kernels are also very shal-

low and tapering, which makes the

need of securing good seed corn for

next. spring still more urgent. The

speaker was deeply concerned over the

question as to where dealers would be

able to secure a sufl‘icient amount of

good seed to satisfy the requirements

of growers in the districts where the

crop failed to mature before frost last

full.





 





- .m;..;mm...w.,. .. ' -





About '
FEB. 19, 1916. ”





I Organized Agriculture in Denmark





By WILLIAM B. HATCH, Member of American Commission





the seat of “Anna Hobbman.” Upon

inquiry we learned that seven of the

forty-eight councilmen are council-

women. This beautiful municipal

building did not appeal to me alone be-

cause of its attractive interior equip-

ment, but I was equally impressed

with the beautiful park which it part-

ly enclosed on two sides. The park

was designed for use and its design

was realized. Fountains were playing,

birds were singing in the trees and a

generous sand pile provided endless

amusement for happy children. I did

not learn that the presence of seven





l'





E took a sleeper from Berlin to

Copenhagen on the twenty-first

of June. I was awakened in



the night by a sensation, which for the

moment, made me think I was just ap-

proaching Detroit, in the days before

the tunnel—that sensation that comes

when your sleeping car passes from

rock ballasted terra firma onto a ferry

boat which yields under your weight.

We were passing from the Island or

Province of Falster to the larger Is-

land or Province of Zeeland, on which

is located Copenhagen, the country’s

capitol and metropolis in which dwell





 





 





 





Typical Danish Farm Buildings Arc of Brick with Tile Roofs.





h



women in the legislative halls of the

city had anything to do with this con-

crete remembrance of the children,

but I naturally suspected that it had.



Denmark is known almost as widely

as a dairy country as is Holland, and

Holland' acknowledges her indebted-

ness to Denmark for teaching her how

to apply co—operative agriculture more

successfully. Denmark seems obvious-

ly to be much behind Holland in the

quality of her dairy cattle. There

seems to be a sort of rivalry in Europe

in the production of a distinct national

type of farm animal. The Dane has

left to Holland those pre-eminently

profitable black and white dairy cat-

tle, the Dutch Friesians, and she has

confined herself to the development

of a red cow, without any spots. The

picture of a typical Danish bull illus-

trates the Danish type. It resembles

the Red Polled cattle of England.



The dairies in Denmark as in Hol-

land and throughout Europe, impress

me as being better built and better





over 500,000 people, or fully one-fifth

of its entire population.



I welcomed the opportunity of visit-

ing Denmark and ldoked forward to it,

believing from what I had read, that

it would prove to be, one of the most

interesting countries in all the world,

in which to study co-operative agricul-

ture in action. We had learned already

in studying the question in eight other

countries, that Denmark had applied

these principles with pronounced suc-

cess. Other countries, in other words,

had gone to School in Denmark.



Our arrival in this thrifty country’s

capitol gave us Sunday for rest before

our regular work began. This afforded

us an opportuniy to get some individ-

ual, general, first impressions of the

Danish people in her chief city. My

personal impressions, and I think those

generally of all the other commission-

ers there, were decidedly favorable.

We had a feeling somehow that we

were headed towards home, when we

could attend an English Church, where





 





 





 





 





Type of Dairy Bull Usually Found in Denmark.





equipped than those in America. This, j

however, is characteristic of all Eu—

ropean building, or most of it. I p1‘e-‘





the preaching was in a language that

we could understand. On our way

home from church we observed a very





THE MICHIGAN F’A‘RMER‘





‘lAMCO‘ ,

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Eliza?!





Comfortable as





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'ill





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an





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They will continue to





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heap.





LAMBERTVILL

RUBBER FOOTWEAR





is made of the very finest rub-

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forty years’ reputation back of

these boots is founded on~qualit-y

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in manufacture.





Note the heavy red soles of the

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toes and heels and the solid rubber

ribs that add greater strength and

sturdiness. If you want to know

real wear and comfort in rubber foot-

wear, ask your dealer for Lambert-

ville. If he doesn’t sell this famous

line, send us his name and we’ll

quickly see that you are supplied at

regular prices.



LAMBERTVILLE RUBBER





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Mogul 8-16 $675 Cash, fob. C





hicago





a a "





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lNTERNATlONAl.





SAN FRANCISCO





.,’”~ , _ ~

: Whlllll‘lllllllllllllllllfl'llllli » '

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.ng

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WON





IGHEST





EXPOSITION





T

I Judging from our experience, the works will

have difficulty in filling the demand for these tractors for





Spring work.





If you order yours now, you will have it





when you need it, and the tractor will not cost you a. cent for





lip-keep until you begin to use it.





Besides, there probably will never be a better market for good





farm horses than there IS this winter.





Buy a Mogul 8-16 now.





Sell your horses in this good market and sell the feed they would





consume while standing idle this winter.





Mogul 8-16 is the one light tractor that burns cheap oil fuel...

kerosene, benzme, naphtha, and other low-grade distillates—suc-





sessfully.





It costs only $675 cash, 1’. o. b. Chicago. Your local





 





long parade consisting of men, women

and children commingling about equal

in proportion as to sex. We were in-

formed that this was a temperance

parade. An official assured us that

the line exceeded two miles in length

and that there were over 25,000 people

in line.



While passing through the city coun-

cil chamber (which compares quite

favorably with the senate chamber at

Lansing), we chanced to stop opposite





sume the much cheaper labor cost”

there has considerable to do with it.;

And then they have the object lesson7

before them all the while, of substan-

tial building~lessons learned from

construction done when labor cost

practically nothing. But at any rate

they have the habit and have retained

it, of doing things well.



In the Danish dairies the law re-

quires a sterilizing outfit as part of the



(Continued on page 246).





dealer has a sample machine that you can see and study, and he

can probably refer you to many farmers who know that the

Mogul 8-16 does, better and cheaper, the heavy work of the farm.

for which {kc/m are now using horses. If he cannot, write us.

We can. 6 will also send you our 100-page tractor book,

“Farm Power,” which tells fairly why you should own and use a.

modern Mogul 8-16 light tractor. Don’t delay. Buy it now.





International Harvester Company of America





lncor on ed

CHICAGO ‘ P t )





Champion During McCormick Milwaukee Osborne Plano
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Every farmer should have a copy of



the new Buckeye Cultivator Cata-

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complete line of cultivators on the

market. After reading this cata-

logue, he should go to his local

dealer and insist on seeing the Buck- j

.eye.





It makes no difference what kind ,

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Buckeye Cultivators have the ma-

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Buckeye Cultivators. do their l’

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The H.i.u.rst Mfg.Co.. 242 North so. Clinton».





 





 





 





 





FRE Write us, giving some idea of



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ESSPRAYERS





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SWEET CLDVER 333'





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FOR EVERY NEED

Ssneket— -





RAYER W..-





Gas Engine Machines. We

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.4? A. .‘ , 5 ,r, , i

THEiMIC-HIGA,N FA’RMER





FTEN during the past year, peo-

ple have said to the writer:

“Fruit growing is destined to be-



come a profession. The time will soon

be here when the average farmer will

not try to grow fruit. The time was

when the orchard needed but little

care, a slight annual pruning, perhaps

some fertilization now and then, were

all that was required, but now we must

spray and prune, fertilize and thin,

and it is simply out of the question.”



I do not wish the reader to under-

stand that each one of these parties

delivered his speech in the above

words, but they are a fair interpreta-

tion of the” minds of an increasing

number of people who really feel that

it will not pay them longer to pay any

special attention to their orchards.

They realize, of course, that the San

Jose scale will destroy the trees in a

very few years at most, and that very

soon the fruit will be rendered worth-

less by these pests and others, but this

only strengthens their determination

to let them go.



“Yes,” says the man who would give

up his orchard, “but what does it mat-





"The Farm Orchard





for that orchard, and have plenty of

good fruit right at hime just when you

want it.



Apple scab is a difficulty that is

widespread. I have seen it nearly all

over Michigan, and do not believe that

any county in the state is exempt. But

it is easy to control this trouble. The

first necessity is a good spray-pump.

A hand-pump for the small orchard is

good enough. One man in the commu-

nity with a good power machine might

do a lot of spraying for his neighbors

if he could be gotten just when he was

needed, but the trouble is that when

you want that man the worst, he is

working for someone else, or is at

home detained by his own work, and

so unable to spray for anyone. A good

.hand-pump, then, is the first necessity.



To my mind, the most important

spray in the control of scab is “The

Pink Spray," the spray that is made

just before the blossoms open. It does

not take long to do this work. A small

orchard can be gone over at little cost.

After the blossoms fall comes the first

spray for codling moth. The best mix-

ture is arsenate of lead, about two and





 





ter when the curculio stings the plums,

the yellows destroy the peach trees,

the worms get into the apples and the

scab on the outside of them, then the

blight kills the pear trees and the San

Jose scale comes along to take what-

ever happens to be left ‘3"



Now we did not say that we could

have the orchard on the farm without

intelligent labor, and we do not claim

that it can be done without some ex-

penditure of time and money, but our

position is that it can and should be

done, because it will pay: because the

time and labor required are going to

be well spent and worth while.



It is true that more time is required

in proportion, to care for a small or«

chard, than for one of commercial pro-

portions, but the owner can afford to

expend more time on an orchard whose

fruit is to be consumed at home. It is

worth more to him, than it would be if

he were obliged to sell it to someone

else after he had produced it. If the

fruit is consumed at home. the grower

gets all of “The Consumer’s Dollar.”



He may not be able to market his





‘ surplus to as good advantage as the





large orchardist sells his crop, but he

will sell for a price which will com-

pensate him well for the labor expend-

ed, and will get the fruit consumed at

home, in larger quantities and for

much less cost than he otherwise

could.



Now, reader, if you are a farmer

with a small orchard, and are thinking

of giving it up, and buying your fruit

of someone who has time to grow it,

let us see if it would nor be Cheaper





 





and better after all, for you to care





 





A Well-kept Orchard Adds Greatly to the Attractiveness of the Farm.





one-half pounds to fifty gallons, and

lime-sulphur, one gallon to 40 of wa-

ter. The application should be very

thoroUgh, because if the poison is not

gotten into the calyx cups of the little

apples, the worms will not all be kill-

ed. This spray should be repeated in

ten days, and a final application should

be made on the winter fruit only, at

the end of July, or during the first

week in August.



It is not my purpose in this article,

to give instructions about spraying. I

simply wish to make a plea for the or-

chard on_ the general farm, and prove

lhat it can be successfully grown and

cared for without materially interfer—

ing with the routine of farm work.



Two or three thorough sprayings

will keep the curculio from stinging

the plums and sweet cherries, and will

protect the foliage of the trees from

fungous pests.



Intelligent and timely pruning will

save many of the pear trees from

blight, and the fruit grown will pay

over and over for the time and trouble

spent in the. work.



As practically everyone knows, the

remedy for San JdSe scale is lime-sul-

phur applied at winter strength, which

is one gallon to eight of water. This

application may be made during the

month of March, and need not con-

sume much time. If the work is thor-

oughly done, results are sure to fol-

low.



Five sprayings when scale are pres-

ent, and four when there are no scale,

are the price of maintaining the or-

chard in health and vigor. It will take



(Continued on page 234).





 





\,,





.. , am

FEB. 19, 19.16.





 





 





 





FARMERS

Get This Book FREE





It tells how others have increased

their yields at a profit and how

you can do the same with





DARLING’S





ANIMAL MATTER





i FERTILIZERS





You don't how what this form

ofFertdizer windomtilyou

hyit. Don'tputitoi

enriched-





Try a Tongs Spring





Darling's Fertilizers contain the available

Plant Food necessary to increase yields.

They also hasten maturity and im-

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AGENTS Wanted in localities where





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DARLING & COMPANY

l Dept. 52. U. s. Yud.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





EVERY





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grower ought



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, 1500 Albany Street

DAYTON





 





 





 





 





 





To Nature’s

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The trified remains of ancient

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WE»... m... .





 





 





' FEB. 19, 1916.





 





The M. A. C. Hort. Show





HE standard of excellence which



has been reached by the Eighth



Annual Hort Show, given by the

Horticultural Department of the Mich-

igan Agricultural Cbllege on January

28-29, is one of .which it can well be

proud. The big Agricultural Pavilion,

nearly one hundred feet long and half

as wide, was arrayed in a scene of

beauty that fairly took one’s breath

when first the whole appeared before

the eye.



At 1:30 Friday afternoon the show

was thrown open to the public, who

kept the committees in charge of the

exhibits busy with questions about the

interesting features. During the af-

ternoon the Lyric Orchestra entertain-

ed the spectators with good music. An

excellent program of lectures by stu-

dents was also given at this time. Mr.

L. V. Williams spoke upon a subject

entitled, “The Horticultural Advan-

tages of Michigan.” Mr. R. W. Peter-

son gave a very interesting talk on

“The Limiting Factors in >Horticul-

ture.” This was followed by an illus-

trated talk on “Interesting Topics,” by





 





plants, and by taller shrubbery, the





little stream of water seemed to spring ,.





like a freak of nature from the little

wilderness. Leaving the fountain to

the admiration of others, one next

found himself confronted with two ta-

bles on which were arranged all con-

ceivable orchard tools. Here were the

pruning saws and shears, the picking

ladders and baskets. Here also was a

demonstration of tree surgery and the

proper method of planting a young

tree.

The Home Economics Exhibit.



Continuing the course another mass

of hothouse flowers met the view.

Passing around this the romantic look-

ing pergola, which one has been ach-

ing to reach since the first distant

glance, unfolds itself. Extending en-

tirely across the room, this broad

structure of white frame was covered

by a canopy of green boughs and dec-

orated with hanging baskets of flow-

ers and vines. This provided shelter

for the home economics exhibit and

the store, in which one could purchase

almost every fruit which the tongue of





 





:3;





The Eighth Annual Hort. Show.





Mr. C. H. Donnelly. In the evening

the Bemis Trio furnished music. Sat-

urday afternoon Mr. Donnelly gave an-

other illustrated talk, followed by Mr.

M. E. Bottomley with a lecture on

“County Life Worth Living.” For an

hour in the afternoon the M. A. C.

Band attracted a large crowd. An auc-

tion sale of prize pies and other things

presided over by Prof. Mitchell ended

the show.

The Beauty of the Exhibit.



As one entered the big Agricultural

Pavilion in which the show was held

one was immediately struck by the

beauty and harmony of the whole. Up-

on closer inspection one was likewise

impressed with the individual merit of

each separate exhibit. The first de-

tail which attracted the eye was the dis-

play of azaleas and primroses—a mass

of flowers that commanded admira-

tion. Beyond this bank of blossoms

the landscape gardening students had

prepared two miniature plots of ground,

one representing a. city street upon

which the houses and grounds were

developed on a co-operative plan. Then

came the biggest and best apple ex-

hibit ever collected for a hort show.

The arrangement of these large blocks

of red, yellow and green fruit was not

a small part of their beauty. The us-

ual premiums for state and county ex-

hibits were given. In the state exhibit

Washington won first, while Montcalm

took the county blue ribbon.



The water fountain in the center of

this dream garden was a feature which

added much to the entire effect. It

gave life to the otherwise inactive pic-

ture. Surrounded by a mass of rocks

overgrown with moss, vines and





.M- :-- .





man has tasted and pronounced good.

Here also one could find ice cream,

grape juice, candy, peanuts, cracker-

jack, and everything the children like

so well. The home economics half of

the pergola was another place to pro-

cure goodies. An electric range had

been installed from which baked ap-

ples were served a la whipped cream.

Fruit salad and pie a la mode were

also on the menu, the pies being made

by the co-eds of the institution.



Now, coming up either side of the

enclosure, one found interesting ex-

hibits on fruit insects and diseases,

showing their ravages on the wood,

fruit and leaves. An ideal bee hive

with frames for both the comb and ex-

tracted honey, is shown. The differ-

ent methods of packing and sorting

apples were well illustrated and also

an ideal cold storage house. The dif-

ferent methods of orchard planting

were represented and the practical fer-

tilizers to use among the fruits. The

vegetable exhibit included everything

in the line of olericulture. The many

different kinds of canned fruits, jel-

lies, and juices showed an excellent

way of disposing of the surplus fruit

production. A long table of variations

exhibited the changes which occur in

nature and by which man is profiting

in producing the many new and valu-

able varieties of plants and fruits. At

the exhibit of nuts appeared this sign,

“Eat More Nuts and Less Meat.” The

home economics department had fur-





‘nished recipes and specimens of many





kinds of nut foods. In the farm me-

chanics laboratory all kinds of orchard

machinery and spraying tools were

shown and demonstrated.





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





 





 





4”]-





‘51.

:





BIGGER WELD





ARE spots caused by missing hills

B cut thecorn crop short. Good seed,

rich soil and favorable weather



will not prevent this loss. Don’t be

blinded to this fact—figure it out your-

self. How much have the bare spots

cost you, year after year? Eliminate

this waste! Make sure that every foot

of every acre will be a profit maker for

you this season, and manyyears to come.





The HAYES Four-Wheel is guaranlem'. It

must be all we claim and all you expect. 190,000

users verify that HAYES Four-Wheels regulate

depth of planting to the fraction ofan inc/z. Corn

all comes up at the same time, allows earlier

cultivation, an earlier harvest, a. better quality

and bigger quantity.



HAYES Four-Wheels guarantee surer germi-

nation and quicker growl/z. \thcls pack the

dirt around the corn to hold the moisture and

leave a ridge of lame soil on top. Ridge over

corn prevents washouts in hilly fields and gives

greater surface for sun’s heat.



Covers where all ordinary alien wheels fail—-





even in wet and sticky ground. Guaranteed

not to clog. Short coupled, light draft and





 





/.,, $44 I





1.,





' ” .ig /29i%ars





9—233





 





 





lilllillll IIHHHH





tel





 





 





 





 





\





,.

lllllll“





\l\\\\\\





, .g—-\/o/::}, "K

~ .

» 4973$\~.

‘ \\_ ~

\~‘ 3.. 7.





€43» fine Leader"





C berks with absolute

Cross





.. -~\





turns in shortest space.

accuracy, regardless of team's speed.

rows straighter than the way you drive. .



The HAYES Drop never mz'rsesa hill. Simple.

reliable and most efficient. Fewer parts, less

breakage and delays. Has no clutch to miss

and give trouble. JVer/er rrm'lcs or grind: the

seed. Will drop accurately any sized or shaped

kernel. Na bare spofs in HAYES planted fields.

No replanting necessary. Increased yields

soon pay for it.



Thousands in use for years with practically

no repair expense and every one givmg time-

saw'ng, money-making service. N o complicated

parts to get out of fix. Strong construction.

practically exmzpt from breakage. No expensive

and aggravating delays in the busy planting

season. Easy and simple to operate and can

be trusted to unskilled help.



Can be furnished with perfect working Ferti-

lizer or Cow Pea. Attachments. Stub Runners

or Disks.



2000 DEALERS. Ask your dealer or let us

prove how this planter prevents corn field waste

and increases corn yields. Don‘t make a. mis-

take. Buy the planter that guaranlees results.



Free book‘AC of Planter Facts tells all about

the HAYES. \Vrite for it today—a postal. or If

you wish a letter. asking any questions on plant-

ing problems.





HAYES PUMP 8: PLANTER COMPANY, Galva, Illinois





 





WillillllllllllllllilllllllllilllllllIHHIIHHWW





———r





Good For

Twenty Years





 





vating.





stands out prominently.





4: g; ->

52





r





 





Many a CU'i‘AWAY (CLARK)

Single Action Disk Har-

row has established that





Many, with moderate care, have lasted

,lolngfr! Bfut even this record does not tell the

w o (.3 s cry 0 CUTAWAY (Cunx)superiority! Th 1'

that gives long life does the best job of harrowirfgqgféltislti-

i] In the cutlery steel disksforaed sharp, the dust-proof.

0 -soaked.hardwood bearmgsand manyotherfeaturesthequality of





Cutaway





Q' Mai?” ofthe original CLARK





 





 

 





 

 

 

 





record 1





 

 





   

   

   





Disk Harro we





and Plows





   





 





There's a CUTAWAY (CLARK) for your every

need—strong, simple,

light draft. If your dealer

has not the genuine CUT-

AWAY, write us direct.

Send for our new free



book “The Soil And Its

Tillage.” Get your



copy now.





The Cutaway





Harrow Company





992 MAIN STREET

HIGGANUM, CONN.





   

 

 

 





 

 





 

   

   

 

   

 

 





 





 

 

 

 





 





disk harrows and plows





 

 





 





 





 





 





There is a great difference in spray pumps and

spraying apparatus. One kind is made by practical

orchardists' and has been improved through over 20 years of orchard

success. Write aletter orpost card to Merrill & Morley Mfg. Co. Find out about





. Eclipse Spray Pumps

In use in more successful orchards than all other makes. Used by

U. S. Departmentongriculture. Find out what Eclipse offers in

more profits for orchards, vineyards or potato fields. Address “





Moi-rill & Morley Mfg. Co., Box





Send for Free Catalogue





We Have a Story for You





 

 





 





   

 

 





 





   





 





 

 





 





   





6, Benton Harbor, Mich.





   





 





 





EARN $2.000 'I'O $10,000 A YEAR

We will teach you to be a hi h grade sole-men In eightweeka

1: home and tenure you deli!) to ropoaitiona from A large num-

er of re‘lwifiblo firms who Will 0 or you opportunities lo earn





x_¢ you are lurninz. ! -



u e . n .e code? for particular: Il:{l:fehu:%e:g:gge Greed



opening- and testimonies from hundred- of our etucfenta



now coming moo to 8500 A month. Address nearest office.



Dept. 588 NATIONAL “LISMEN'C TRAININO ASSOCIATION

“Into New York 8-- Francisco





 





 





BIG MONEY I





mu





Replenish your urchin-d; plant your roadside. Write .

for low wholesale prices on our hard?! nursery stock-- ~

angle, plum, cherry, cm as etc. A so how on can, .

w: on using any crop and make from 2. to

33.00 per acre extra profit. You also get our 1916

FOUR-COLOR PURE SEED BOOK AND ,

PLANTING GUIDE FREE

Field, vegetable flower seed; fruits, shrubbery,

trees, plenty-~31 kinds. Send postal Dodgy.





mow" anus. a co. Dept. 136 waenooim . . ‘ "
file—1o





TH E33 Mien I on a": r3% 111913311}?! ‘





 





 





n.1,,- .1 errata: 114’?»





 





Why Manure, Plow, HarroW‘





and then Sow Poor Seed

WHENYOU CAN GET





$35 Ideal Seed & Grain $12.50





SEPARATORS AT

A Combination Fanning MRI and-

Grader at an astonishingly

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With an Ideal machine good seed

can be separated from the cracked

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seed cleaned out. With good seed

in fertile soil 3 good crop‘is certain.





 





1101111 A'l' 81159





1111351





DEAR SIns:—-I received my Mill and 1m well





pleased withit.

\\ ALTER CURTIS,

R R No 10 V‘Vahash Ind.





DEAR Sm: Remived the ixle 11 Separator 0. K..





and think it fine.





The extraordinarily low price at

which these machines are offered

is due to the fact that they were

forfeited in payment of a loan when

the Ideal Specialty Company went

out of business. By selling them

for cash, direct to you, you get

them for a price below manufac-

turer’s cost.





Yours respectfully

T B. 1) )‘AV IS Pennvllo. Ind.





WIDE RANGE OF WORK





The Ideal \lar h1m does wort: under special

patents that no other mar hine 11 ill do. It cleans

and separates such St‘l‘dh as wheat, oats and

clox er. lt cleans and separates buckhorn from

first grade c'lox er, doddcr and other foul weeds

from alfalfm (101 or and timothx from Red Top,

mustard from oats, grades 11 heat and oats into

three grades and clc am anti g1 atlas broomcorn,





F W These ideal Separators will not last. Prompt action means that you will get one of

chair ‘ filming) - lhOS( complete 335 machines at $12. 50. Delay means disappointment. Send ca ashor

eck w t er





'Ihe margin is close and we cannot afford to open accounts.

REFERENCES: See Bradstreet or Dunn reports at your local bank.





Lyman Bros., 227 ll. Ohio St., Indianapolis, Ind.





 

 

 





The success of the Hort Show is due

1n 3 great. measure to the consistent

co— —operation of the students and the

department. The event was well plan-

ned, and the harmonious and artistic

placing of each exhibit showed it. It

demonstrated the fact that a thing can

be just as useful, and even more so,

by being beautiful. Each visitor was

presented with a twenty—page program

containing the list of committees, ex-

planation of exhibits, program of

events, and much other useful infor-

mation. A standard has been attained

which will attract people to subse-





, quent Hort Shows from different parts





of the state. M. E. BOTTOMLEY.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





What is the DEMING SCHEDULE?





The Deming Schedule is a, spraying calendar 16 x 22 inches in size. listing all

kinds of lrcl-s, the pests from which they suffer, and the best methods of de-

stroying those posts. It helps you pick better profits trom your orchards.





How can I getthe Deming Schedule?





By writing The Deming Company. 175 Depot St., Salem, Ohio, manufacturers

of knapsack. bucket, barrel. tank and power Sprayers, with 3.3 years of ex-

pcl‘iclicu in pump construction. Merely ask for their catalog and state the

number of fruit trees on your land. The Schedule will be included free.





Is it worth my time?





Yes-11“. as the Department of Agriculture will tell you, unless you spray in-

mlligently with the best devices, you are not taking all the fruit you can grow





to market. A 11d you are not getting the top price for it. Wise spraying is a

simple, sure road to bigger prolits. lVrMc for the Deming Schedule now.

The Deming Company, 175 Depot Street, Salem, Ohio.





 





 





 





 





LAddress





 





 





Fruit and Vegetable Packages





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THE PIERCE-WILLIAMS CO. South Haven, Mich.

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, _._______.

{PRACTICAL SPRAYING METHODS.





 





l





(Continued from first page).



{the tree untouched He must learn to

get under the tree and spray upward

and outward, taking care to keep the

rod constantly traveling. By getting

under the tree it is possible to touch

a great deal of surface that cannot be

covered by carelessly sprinkling the

outside foliage.



It must be remembered that spray—

ing an orchard is not like setting a

trap for the bug. It is more like sWat-

ting the bug on the head with the

trap. Controlling a fungous disease

does not consist in hiding some poi—

son for the spore to hunt up and eat,

you must place the fine film of the

fungicide so carefully over the fruit





‘ and foliage that the spore cannot find





one place to enter without coming in

contact with its destroyer. After the

encounter the spore ceases to exist.

Spraying apples with arsenate of lead

does not mean that you place arsenate

of lead in spots where it can be eaten.

The codling moth must find the fine

film of poison over every part of the

apple, and especially in the calyx,

where he may try to enter. The bug

cannot avoid the poison and he is then

destroyed. For this reason it is easy

to understand why a fine misty spray

is best, and why a good pressure is

necessary to deliver that mist with

force against every minute portion of

the tree. The man whom you cannot

trust with the ordinary duties of the

farm is certainly not the man to en—

trust \with the spray pump. There is

too little profit in the fruit business

as it is, without spending good money

for spraying materials which can nev—

er do their best work. A few hours

spent in showing the laborer how to

spray will give the “spray dope” a fair

Show to do its duty.



There are many brands of spray noz-

zles on the market and fruit growers

are generally of the opinion that sim-

ple construction means good work.

Elaboratenozzles are apt to clog, they

are difficult to clean, and usually are

mote expensive than the plain nozzles

gof greater value. The angle nozzle

{enables the sprayer to direct the spray

iin any direction with a slight turn of

the wrist, and this is an especially val-

uable point when spraying under the

trees. It also simplifies the work of

: the man who is spraying from the tow-

er. The aluminum nozzle finds favor

with many growers as it lasts well and

31s lighter to swing on the end of the

3 rod. A heavy complicated nozzle adds

a great deal to the work of spraying.

It is apt to catch in the branches, it

tires the worker and cannot be clean-

ed readily when it clogs.



The spraying of the orchard is not

as difficult as in the past. Experi—

ments have proven which are the best





 





.materials and when to apply them.





The apparatus for spraying has been





”improved until there is equipment on





jthe market for every size orchard and

pocketbook. As a usual thing, the





; spraying equipment receives the worst

3 treatment of any machine on the farm,





 





 





and its life is greatly reduced. The

purchase of good material plus the

care that a spraying machine demands

will reduce the cost of fruit raising

and improve the quality of the fruit.

In spite of the low prices of the past

some growers have made money on





 





good fruit and no growers have receiv-





ed profit or satisfaction from any other

kind. We should offer our thanks to

the San Jose scale, which has develop—

ed our knowledge of fruit disease con-

trol and made fruit growing a real

business.





 





THE FARM ORCHARD.





 





(Continued. from page 232).

some time, to be sure. You are very

busy, my farmer friend, without doubt,

but can you give up your orchard to

get out of making these five sprayings?

Personally, I can not, and I do not

think anyone can, who is making a

home in the country.



I am willing to admit that many a

farmer should not try to go into fruit

growing commercially, even though he

is in “The Fruit Belt,” but this is not

saying that he can afford to do with-

out plenty} of fresh fruit, grown right

on the farm Where the family can have

access to it at all times when it is

wanted.



While in a commercial orchard it is

always to one’s advantage to have a

large number of trees of each variety,

the orchard which best serves the

needs of the home, should contain

sorts that will yield the best of fruit

throughout the entire season of ripen-

mg.



Thus, peaches may be had fresh

from the middle of July to the fore

part of October, pears from the middle

of August to the first part of March, it

winter sorts are planted, plums from

the tenth of August until quite late in

the fall, and apples the year around.





True, all of this suggests labor, and

we often think that we are overworked

now, but as a matter of fact, to care

for a sufficient number of trees to keep

of fruit of all kinds that can be grown

the home well supplied with the best

in our locality, will consume but little

more time than some men spend fish-

ing, and they manage to live quite com-

fortably, too, though they do not often

eat fish.





That man whose boyhood was spent

on the farm, has never forgotten the

“The old Apple Orchard.” When mem-

ory brings to me fondest visions of

childhood, the orchard is always in

the picture. Even while I write I can

see it, though it is not likely that many

of those trees are alive today. How

the memory of them lingers. I can

recall the varieties just as they used

to stand in the rows. Early Harvest,

Sweet Bough, Golden Sweet, Baldwin,

King, Greening, and then, up on the

hill, where the sun shone warm and

bright, the Autumn, an the Summer

Strawberry, plenty of Rambos, too,

with a number of sweet winter sorts

whose names I never knew.





Why, I can almost taste the pies that

mother used to make from the fruit of

those Early Harvest. I can see father

as he gathered those Golden Sweets,

taking to town the few bushels that

remained after the family were served.

But to see that orchard in May, when

the trees were covered with blossoms,

and their perfume was everywhere, to

rest under those trees and listen to

the gentle hum of the bees, was good

for any normal boy and the memory of

it would be sure to go with him far on

into the years.





No, my friends, we can not think of

giving up the farm orchard. Let us

plant in' it, just as many kinds and va-

rieties of fruit as are needed to make

the home more complete in its power

to hold the hearts, and mould the lives

of our boys and girls.





For them let us care for the orchard

in the very best manner possible. Thus

shall we add to the attractiveness of

the home, and increase its holding

power in the lives of our children. ,

When the years shall have carried

them far out into a busy, hustling

world, now and then they will turn

back in fancy to those “sunny days of

childhood." and , then, be sure that.

the orchard will be in every picture.



Oceana 00. W. F. Tureen.-
FEB. 19.1916.





‘ 4 The Dormant Spray





those who wish to try new spray ma-

terials.

Scale spraying even at its best is





9“





HE San Jose scale which has

been the cause of more pro-

gress in the fruit business than

anything else, has made the dormant

spray the most important. one of all.

A few years ago many growers would

spray for worms and scab but they

doubted the value of spraying for the

scale. But the scale forced them to it

or out of the business. And now there

are" many who spray for scale but are

careless about the other applications.

It was through fear of the scale that

the annual dormant spray has been

brought about. At first the smallness

and inconspicuous appearance of the

scale enabled it, to get foothold in

many orchards before the grower was

aware of it. But now almost one of

the fundamentals of a fruit grower’s

education is to know the scale when

he sees it and know how to treat for it.





When the scale first became serious

most everything was tried to control

it, but it was not until a sheep dip,

common out west, was tried for scale

that we got. a satisfactory remedy.

This remedy, the lime—sulphur, has

been standard for many years now,

and the old formulas containing a

large amount of lime and a quantity of

salt are just as effective as the pres-

ent-(lay article. The improvement in

lime—sulphur has not made it. more ef-





fective but has made it. much more

convenient. At first the salt; which





was put in to make it stick better was

found unnecessary. Then the amount

of lime was greatly reduced and next.

the commercial concentrated lime—sul-

phur became the popular remedy it is

now.



The Best Time to Spray.



Late spring is accepted generally as

the best for the application of the dor-

mant spray. This is because of the

fungicidal value of the lime-sulphur.

In many cases if the winter strength

of the spray is put on just as the leaf

buds open it will suffice as a pre-blos-

som fungicide spray, but if it is done

earlier an application just before the

blossoms open, of a 1:40 strength of

the lime-sulphur will be necessary for

good results. On peach trees if the

scale spraying is done before the mid-

dle of March the lime-sulphur will be

very effective in the control of the

leaf curl.



If the infestation of scale is very

bad it is advisable to spray in fall and

again in the spring. This will usually

clean up the scale in pretty good

shape. Winter spraying is not advis-

able as experience shows that the re—

sults are not as good when the spray-

ing is done in freezing weather.



We will always have complaints re-

garding the efficiency of any spray ma-

terial because so many people will

blame the spray mixture for the re-

sults of their own lack of thorough-

ness in application. \Ve often hear of

dissatisfaction with lime—sulphur on

account of poor results and many have

turned to the use of the commercial

oil sprays and find them apparently

more efficient. The reason for this is

that the oil sprays, on account, of their

oily nature, spread over the bark bet—

ter than the lime-sulphur does. This

spreading quality will to a great ex-





tent overcome carelessness in appli-

cation.

Thoroughness Necessary in Controll-





ing Scale.





One can rest assured that. both the

oil sprays and the lime-sulphur are ef-

fective in the control of the scale if

he will do his part in properly apply-

ing them. The oil spray has the ad-

vantage over the lime-sulphur in that

it is much more pleasant to apply but

it lacks the fungicidal value. What

one wants to use must be decided by

the advantages one wishes in the

spraying for scale. There are other

spray materials in dry or powder form

for which several advantages are

claimed and the experience those who

have used these sprays would indi—

cate that they are worthy of trial by





 





THE MICHIGAN FARME'R





114—235





 





not a very comfortable job. There-

fore, one should have everything ar-

ranged so that the work can be done

quickly and conveniently. If the lime-

sulphur is used those whose skins are

tender to the caustic action should

protect themselves by greasing their

hands and face with vaseline or some

other grease. Some people’s skins are

practically immune to this caustic ac-

tion of the lime-sulphur while others

get quite serious injury if they are

careless in handling it. The harness

and the shoes or anything made of

leather, should be protected as much

as possible as lime-sulphur is hard on





 





leather. It is a good plan to oil thor-



oughly the shoes and the harness and}



then protect them with covers. l

Spray Injury.



The amount of injury that a late

spraying of lime-sulphur does depends

upon the weather and the method of

application. If the spray is put. on in

a fine mist and not too much put on in

one place, and if the weather is so that

the trees do not dry too quickly, the

injury will not be much. The writer

has safely sprayed plums and cherries

almost in full blossom without any ser-

ious injury to the leaves of the crop.

For general practice, however, it is

not advisable to do much spraying af-

ter the leaf buds begin to burst.



It is advisable to spray for scale ev-

ery year regardless of how well the

scale has been kept in check. The de-

velopment. of the scale depends great-

ly upon the weather conditions of the

growing season. If the summer is

warm and long there is danger of just

the few scales in the orchard causing

a renewed infestation which will be

serious enough to affect the marketing

value of the fruit by spotting it. An

annual spraying will prevent. such an

occurrence.





OBSERVATIONS OF FRUIT BUD

FORMATION.





The Department of Agriculture has

received. from the New Hampshire

Station a series of tests made to de-

termine the question of fruit bud for—

mation as influenced by cultivation,

fertilization and cover cropping. The

experiment was conducted in an or—

chard of 302 trees, mostly Baldwins

and about 25 years old at the begin-

ning of the test. The soil conditions

are quite uniform throughout the or-

chard and the ground almost perfectly

level.





The results thus far indicate that

clean cultivation up to July 10, follow-

ed by a cover crop of crimson clover,

has given the greatest. amount of fruit,

although the plat on which cultivation

and cover cropping was practiced two

years in three gave almost as good re-

sults. In this orchard the inability of

apple trees to produce fruit buds when

grown in sod as compared with any of

the systems of cultivation employed

has been clearly and completely prov-

ed. Although the addition of fertiliz

ers failed to stimulate a greater pro-

duction of fruit, buds, they improved

the size and quality of the fruit. The

largest quantity of No. 1 fruit per tree

was produced in the limed plat, which

plat included a section of the fertiliz-

ed plats, and the next largest quan-

tity of No. 1 fruit was produced in the

plat receiving an excess of potash. The

fewest No. 1 apples but the most high—

ly colored fruit was produced by the

sod plant; Excess of phosphoric acid

appeared to produce the smallest ap-





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we repeat it because we firmly believe it to be true.





To build the best gas engine for farm use has always

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Write for details.





Field Brundago Company





JACKSON, MICH.

RAYNER FIELD, Gen. Mgr.





NOTE-"A Letz Feed Grinder means a

happy cow barn. Write for Catalog.





 





 





 





 





 





The Clipper Improved No. 1-B





Grin and Seed Cleaner





- . . This )lill has a. principle that is different from

. . ill others. For ycars it, has beenthoroughly

' riml out and adoptcd by thousands of the best.

farmers, the l'. S. Dept. of .-\griculture. Am‘icul-

tural t‘ollcgi-s. Experimental Farms and lum-

drcds of the leading scedsmcn, sccd corn growcrs, ctc.

Hurs is the only mill makinguseof the ”verti-

cal blast.” which accurately \Vcighsev ery seed

and kernel. separating the light, shrunken. im-

mature. seeds from the plump. heavy. mature

seed. 08% of which will germinate under test. This

point alone makes much of the difference between

crop success and failure.





No Mill Will Do Good Work Without

the Right Kind of Screens.





\Vc furnish 12 screens for cleaning and grading all

l\IIlIIS of seed grain. seed cum, all kinds of clovers,

alfalfa, timothy. millet, flax, peas, pea beans, cow

was. soy beans, etc. And. alter the most careful

study and tests in actual Work. we guarantee this

screen outfit to he the. best that has ever hccnoflcred

with any mill. There are screens for clover contain-

ing huckhorn and plantain. timothy containing pep-

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30-Day Guarantee of Satisfaction





 





The No. 1-6 is

sold under a





Price. complete, east of the Mississippi. $23.50 cash, FREIGHT PREPAID to your R. R. station.





In Successful Farming Three Factors are Prominent—the Soil. the Man and Good Seed





The Clipper Cleaner puts success within your reach by Insuring Good Seed.

\Vrlte for Catalog and address of nearest jobber.





or money

refunded.





 





 





 





ples, though the fruit ran uniformly of

good quality. The indications are that

spraying has only an indirect influ-

ence on fruit. bud formation. A gen-

eral review of all results indicates

that a plentiful supply of moisture, the

result of cultivation, was the most in-

fluential factor in stimulating the pro-

duction of fruit buds.





L A. T. FERRELL & CO., SAGINAW, MICH.





 





 





INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL CO R PORATI 0 N





 





'CINCINNATI WORKS‘

Manufacturers of the l’nplllal‘





Hig‘h Grade Buffalo Fertilizers





Dealers in





FERTILIZER MATERIALS





Satisfied (‘ustomcrs Everywhere. Ask your dealer

for prices, or write direct to





International Agricultural Corporation





Cincinnati \\'orks. Lockland, Ohio. or Mr. Fred B-

lluhhcll. \\'ent\vorth llotel. Lansing, Mich,

State Agent.





RELIABLE AGENTS WANTED.





 





 





 





FR 0 M KALAMAZOO





T R E E s DIRECT TO YOU





R. Wholesale Prices. Spring requirements should be considered now. Send today for

b rec Handsome Catalogue and Valuable Coupon entitling you to 12 Everbearing Rasp-

eriy Plants. 1 Delicious Apple Tree. 1 Famous Std-urns I'cach Tree without cost. Don’t Delav.





OILERY CITY NURSERIES, Box 122, KALAMAZOO, MICHIGAN.





 





 





~0-
236—12





\ _





TH:E’MICH.=IGA





NwEAaMEae





 





‘ I FEB: ~19,» 191$; .





 





THE RAINY SEASON





CONQUERED BY





THE TOWOEPR SYSTEM

CORN CULTURE





Tower Cultivators went into the fields

three days earlier than the shovels

after a rain. Earlier maturity of the





corn was the result.

V. H. Peck. Hull. lll..writes :_



_“We can use surface culuvators after a

rain three days sooner than a shovel plow

and do a better job.” _



H. .L. Chapman, Jerseyvdle. ill.,writes:



It was a wet season—With your two-

row .Tower Cultivator; corn had only 3

plowmgs, but was remarkably clean."



Adams Co. Agric. Extenston Ass'n. De-

catur. lnd., reports:— Tower Cultivator

greatly increased the yield of corn per

acre, even in an extremely wet season."





I ‘_ Corn Roots





 

   

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 





 

 





 

 





   





These Corn Boots within Five Inches of the Sui-thee.



Each of the following extensive corn

farms of Illinois use 25 to 50 Tower Culti-

vators: Ill. Canning Co. and H00 ton

Canning 09., both of Hoopeston. Il .: Iro-

quots Canning Co., Onarga, Ill.; Blooming-

ton Canning 00.. Bloomington. 111.: Chenoa

Canning Co. Chenoa. 111.; LeRoy Canning

Co.. Leroy. Ill.—-because they have proved

the best.



Many thousands of farmers of the coun-

try use the “Tower” excluswely. Nearly

every grower of_ Seed Corn uses the Tower

System because it is proved the best known.



Reader. be sure your Cultivator this

season has the name "l‘OWBR” on the

tongue. Write us for free literature.





J. D. TOWER & SONS C0.

37th Avenue, Mendota, Illinois.





(Original manufacturers of Surface Cultivator-o.)





 

 

   





 





 





Warranled





to give satisfaction.





 

   

   





GOMBAULTS

CAUSTIC BALSAM





A safe, speedy and

positive cure for





Curb, Splint, Sweeny, 09. d Hock.



Strained Tendons, Founder, ind Puffs,



and all lameness from Spavin, Ringbone



and other bony tumors. Cures all skin



diseases or Parasites, Thrush, Diphtheria.



gegpves all Bunches from Horses or

a e.





As a HUMAN REMEDY for Rheu-

mutlem. Sprulno, Sore Throat, one, it

is invaluable.



Every bottle of Can-tic Balea- sold is

Wu'mntied to give satisfaction. Price 31.50

per bottle. Sold by dragging or sent: by or-

press. charges paid. with ull directions for its

use. Sand for de pt‘lve clrculere, testimo-

nials.ebc. Address





in LLWRIICI-WILLILIB comm. Cleveland. Ohio.





 





 





 





 





Met tlieflilk





Bane your calves

and get the bigger

money to which you

are entitled. But do not

feed the calf whole milk,

with bu ttcr fat worth



a ton.



You can sell all

the mother cow’s

neither-butter a

make your calf pay ‘

you a big profit on

its feed.’by raising it. on





Blatchford’s Calf Meal



. a" l‘”m':t‘.'."...'l':.'§ .....=~--:..........



surg'iafie'. (fig oil-est. And it coetl u cal one-m

calfxrow net-n well.





RAISE

YOUR

(ALVES





mménwréwm .... in... rm... ..

e_ or , on, nauree ui a y

you: pin-tween: tum-reheatecgthnckm- nllin ctr.

Write gpflfor aux-nurse

on on I

Calve- Cheiiply and Bu:

coo-full: Without. lllk.”

on! Co! lnl Fed

.. Wartime. ll .

Z . cord, Hagen-

IM. 4. m“: "I

"an 1""

f will 1

10.





 





 





_‘ MINERALW





 

   





II.

83 Package to give nomination «- mo-

b sufficient for ordinary cases. ey





ack. $1 gm

IIIEIM. HERVE IEIEDT 00.. 453 fulfill Ma. flitting. PI.





 





When writing to advertiser please mention

The Michigan Farmer





By H. L.





ROBABLY not one farmer in a



thousand pays anything like the



attention to the cost of horse-

power on the farm that is paid to the

cost of operating power by nearly ev-

ery up-to-date manufacturer. And yet

the subject is one that is of as much

importance, comparatively speaking,

to the farmer as it is to the manufac-

turer. It is true that steam or elec-

tricity is generally the source of pow-

er used by the manufacturer, but in

the profitable conduct of a farm the

cost of horsepower, compared with the

work performed, is just as important

a factor in the profit or loss of the

farmer as steam or electric power is

in the case of the manufacturer.



The first lesson the farmer can learn

from the manufacturer is in the se-

lection of equipment. Few owners of

a manufacturing plant, when install-

ing a power equipment, will select a

partially wornout engine and boiler,

or devices for transforming electric-

ity into power, that are in a similar

condition. They gure as closely on

the cost of power production as they

do on any other factor in their busi-

ness.



The farm team or teams are to the

farmer what the boiler and engine, or

the electric transformers and motors

are to the manufacturer. If his hors-

es are lacking in the essentials of

power production, or, if they are car-

ed for in a way to lessen their work-

ing power, as compared with what

they might produce under the best

treatment, the farmer is permitting a

leakage in his operating expenses

which may mean the difference be-

tween profit and loss.



Essentials of Economic Horsepower.





To begin with, then, the farmer

should provide himself with horses

that, properly treated, will perform





the maximum amount of labor as such

labor is measured. With horse power

of this kind, then comes the matter of





cost of maintenance which may be

presented under these heads:



First. Economy of rations; use of

feeds grown on the farm.



Second. Proper care to prevent





sickness or lameness that might les-

sen the hours of work.



Third. A satisfactory plan of work-

ing that will spread the working pe-

riod over the entire year.



Fourth. Selection of implements

and vehicles and their proper care.



Fifth The employment of competent

men as teamsters.



Economy in Maintenance.



The average farmer feeds his hors-

es oats and timothy hay regardless of

the fact that sometimes the cost of

maintenance can be appreciably less-

ened with no decrease in the horses’

working powers, by making use of

other feeds which he grows. For in-

stance, oats may at certain times make

a much more expensive grain feed than

corn and bran, with alfalfa instead of

timothy. And again, with the use of

the cutting machine, good, clean corn

stover may be used as a portion of the

roughage. Corn stover, alfalfa and

timothy out together makes an excel-

lent roughage. Vl’hen this mixture is

used the grain may be ground and

sprinkled over it, the whole being

slightly moistened. If one has barley

it may be made a part of the grain

rations, but should be boiled.



In the winter some succulent feed

will not only assist in keeping the

horses in condition, but it will also

cheapen the ration somewhat. Car-

rots make the ideal succulent feed, but

if they are not available, good, clean

silage, free from any taint of mold,

may be used. If neither carrots nor

silage are to be had bran will partially

take their place in the regimen.



The farmer who recognizes the im-

portance of keeping down the cost of

maintainig his horses should make use

of his state agricultural college to as-





 





 





 





 





Farm Horscp





owe-r1 Cos-ts

ALLEN





sist him in compounding a proper ra-

tion from the roughage and grain

grown on the farm and available for

use. A statement of what he has and

giving the information as to whether

he desires to feed working or idle

horses, will secure from the college a

formula for a proper balanced ration.

Avoid Breakdowns.



Sickness and lameness are to the

farmer what breakdowns of motive

power-producing machinery are to the

manufacturer, and mean, when the

horses are incapacitated for work, an

increase in the cost of upkeep. And

many times a seriously sick or lame

horse, or the loss of a horse by death

is the result of failure to observe the

simple rules which should govern the

horse's treatment. The failure to feed

clean, wholesome food, or the failure

to feed regularly often means indiges-

tion, impaction and the more severe

forms of sickness following those all-

ments—colic and inflammation of the

bowels. Failure to properly protect

horses from the inclement weather, es-

pecially in winter, early spring and

late fall, results in colds, coughs and

pneumonia. Continued feeding of the

regular working rations while the

horses stand idle several days, and

then putting them to work is the fre-

quent cause of azoturia, nearly always

fatal. Any one of these ailments a

couple of times a year, even if the

horse recovers, means a considerable

period of idleness, possibly at the sea-

son of the year when his services are

of the most value, to say nothing of

the outlay a veterinary's services will

entail.



Failure to take pr0per care of the

legs when muddy weather comes,

means cracked heels, scratches, some-

times called mud fever; standing in

filth with no care taken to keep the

feet cleaned out, brings on thrush and

horses may become very lame from

either Cause. Carelessly leaving trash

around the yard has been responsible

for more than one case of lockjaw,

from a rusty nail in the foot and if a

recovery is made the time lost from

work and the fees of the veterinary

will, in most cases, be pretty nearly

equal to the value of the horse.



Parasites.



A weak, outof-condition horse is

about as far from being a good work-

ing unit as an engine with a leaky

cylinder, either one requiring more fuel

to develop energy than is required by

one in good condition. The potent fac—

tors in putting a horse into condition

which requires an increase in the cost

of keep and means a depreciation in

his value as a worker, are worms and

lice. Either form of vermin is not dif-

ficult to avoid if proper precautions

are taken, but if given a foothold

means an outlay for horsepower that

adds appreciably to the expense in

that department of the farm.



A feature in horsepower economy

which many farmers overlook, is the

importance of condition in horses.

Many of us have watched the prepara-

tion a trainer of race horses gives a

horse when getting him ready to race.

The race horse is never required to

put forth his powers until his mus-

cles, tendons, lungs and heart have

been brought up to the proper condi-

tion by gradual work. Of course, a

farm horse does not have to exert him~

self to the extent that a race horse

does, but the steady pull of the spring

work is no light task and when it is

commenced before the horse’s muscles

and ligaments have been gradually

brought up to what race horse men

call “condition," muscle and tendon

soreness, and even skin soreness, are

likely to develop to such a degree as

to greatly lessen the horse’s useful-

ness—even incapacitate him entirely,

,temporarily, sometimes, and thus add

to the cost of the farm horsepower.



A good plan for assisting in keeping





Some of the horses in condition is to

provide work for the winter months.

Wherever conditions will permit, draw

and spread the manure instead of let-

ting it lay in the barnyard or the ma-

nure pit. If there is a farm woodlot

get out the next season’s wood. A

team used in this manner throughout

the winter will develop working con-

dition in the spring much more quick-

ly than one that has been idle during

the winter months.





Equipment.



Implements and farm vehicles

which are properly cared for assist in

lessening the cost of farm horsepower.

A reaper, mewer or other implement

that is put into winter quarters with-

out proper attention or, as is some-

times the case, is not put into winter

quarters at all, means an increase in

the horsepower required to operate it

the following season. Anything that

increases the labor of the horses or

adds to the discomfort of the horses

while at work, means an increase in

the cost of the farm horsepower. An

ill-fitting harness or one that through

lack of care has been allowed to be-

come hard and unyielding, contributes

to the increased cost in this direction.

Improper shoeing or failure to have

the horses’ shod at proper intervals

often results in a lame horse and the

cost of horsepower gets a boost. Time

spent in the shoer’s shop when the

need of horse labor is pressing, and

the weather is good, is another way to

add to the operating expenses of this

branch of the farm. Except in emer-

gencies try and get the horses shod

on stormy days, or at least when there

is a lull in the work. If a stormy day

comes look over the horses’ feet and if

there are any which indicate that the

shoer’s services will be needed soon,

take them to the shop then instead of

waiting until the shoes come off, per-

haps on a day when there is the ut-

most necessity for the horse’s services.

That will mean a saving in the cost of

horsepower.





The Personal Equation.



Another great factor in the cost of

farm horsepower is the man who

drives and cares for the horses. A lot

is heard about the importance of hav-

ig men care for the cows in the dairy

who would, under no circumstances,

treat a. cow roughly. Most farmers

find no trouble in understanding the

importance of having such men in their

dairy, for to have men of the other

sort means a decrease in milk produc-

tion and that lowers the farm revenue.

The farm horses have an earning pow-

er almost equal to the cows in the

dairy, but the returns are not in the

form of cash, hence it does not enter

into the farmer's calculations in the

same way. There is no doubt, howev-

er, but that the actual difference in

the cost of the farm horsepower is af<

fected for good or bad as greatly by

the sort of men ~who are placed in

charge of the horses as the earning

power of the dairy is by the class of

men employed.



The man who looks to the comfort

of the horses placed in his charge, con-

serving their powers while at work,

feeding and caring for them properly

after the day’s labors, doing all those

little things which the other sort of

man would not do, is a most efficient

factor in keeping the cost of farm

horsepower down to its lowest limits.

Such a man is, possibly, the greatest

one factor in bringing about this end

for he enters, more or less into all the

other factors mentioned. As between

such a. man and the slipshod, non-ob-

servant teamster who simply drives

his horses, feeds‘them what is fur-

nished, and leaves them at the earliest

possible moment after their work is

done, there is no correct basis for de~

termining the difference in the value of

the service rendered by each. The

last mentioned man is really an ex-

pensive one at any price, while one of

the other sort is easily worth far more

than the difference in wages which the

good man feels justified in asking.
FEB. 19, »- 1916.





\





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





The Control of Hog Cholera





Address delivered by Dr. J. W. Cbnaway, of Missouri, before the Michigan

Improved Live Stock Breeders’ and Feeders’ Association.





N regard to diseases, we have such

a muddle of methodsfor their con-

trol, that one is at a loss‘ to know.

which ones are practical and which

are not. Many of the methods advanc-

ed in the past have been fundamental-

ly wrong because at the. outset they

ignored the most important factor of

all. I refer to the farmer—the raiser

of the hogs which are afflicted by chol-

era. The time has come when we are

beginning to realize our mistakes and

trying to glet away from that idea.

When we come to talk about the

eradication of hog cholera, we. find





selves have a work to do in the con-

trol and eradication of the hog cholera

and other prevalent diseases,



I have taken the stand that the farm-

er must work in co-operation with the

authorities in this war against disease.

In the plan which I wish to outline be-

fore you, the farmer is the essential

unit. When it is found that hog chol-

era prevails on a certain farm, the

whole proposition is up to the owner.

During the first few days of the dis-

ease, he may do more in the control





 





1—237





It took 301% days





of the hardest kind of service to





wear out this pair of





Goodrich





“HIPRESS”





-The Rubber Boots and Shoes





 





of it than can a whole corps of veteri-





narians or federal





authorities.





“With the Red-Line ’round the top”





w; We’ve been giving you actual instances of the remarkable superiority of the





MOLDED RED—LINE Rubber Footwear. Here's another that came to us

recently. Willard Crane, of Martel, W'arren

county, Ohio, started in February with a pair

of “HIPRESS” and wore them steadily 301%

days Tefore they would give in. The roughest

usage imaginable—concreting, railroad work, tile

ditching, etc. Said he had been buying three

pairs of boots 3. year for ten years until he tried

“IflPRESS.” He is so enthusiastic that he went

before a notary and made the above statement

under oath, sending us a copy. That's the





that the job cannot be laid upon the In Missouri it is obligatory by law

state and national authorities and ex- that all cases of infectious disease be

pect them to successfully control the reported to the State Live Stock Com-

ravages of the disease. The reason mission. This law is all right if it is

why this condition of affairs has exist— obeyed, but we have found in so many

ed is partially due to the fact that the cases that the owner, fearing great

breeder of swine has not been shown loss, has excused himself on the

the facts regarding the nature of the grounds that this cannot be the chol-

disease which he is contending. Then era—the death of the hog in question

again, the organizations have not seen was due to some other cause. Conse- service “HIPRESS” is giving—it is so far ahead

the project in the proper light. quently before the condition is really of the oral-Tm), boot and shoe that there is no comparison,

We cannot expect the Department of found out, it has been spread onto oth- ‘ "lllPRESS" is made of the same tough rubber “mtgoes

Animal Industry at Washington, to at- er farms and into other herds, making {pltboctligod\r\iyiikAui9 'rfirtclsfpitii‘iiii‘iiil iiyrotprx'a spun

tend to all of the various outbreaks of it a serious problem in the community. sibfegt'hey$30,332:, 3,,‘35'th‘i‘l‘g og‘g‘g“gym.,{l'fiefi‘fgcmpg’g

the ...m... The .3... is me .Of .the .The.MiSS°uri.P'an- . segregates1has{uneasines-arias

State Live Stock Sanitary Commissmn. To avmd this condition of affairs, a LINE’RQUND'I‘HETOP.

These departments' are not formed plan has been tried out in parts of Conici'nallstylcs—slmrtboots.hipboots,

with the idea in mind that they are to Missouri which has proved very suc- pucg,(u‘cucs.etc,

carefully police every township in the cessful. In brief, it consists of divid- The B F Goodrich Company

county and be ready to take steps in ing the townships up into groups. ' AIKRON OHIO

the control of each and every individ- These groups are arranged and sub- M k f ’ , -

. . p . . a ers o the Celebrated Goodrich Automo

ual case. But on the other hand, the diVided by someone in close touch With bile “wk-we‘ll." the Long Run”

departments have been too slow in the affairs. The idea is to discover the

teaching of the farmers some of the disease upon the first farm and kill

important factors relative to the keep- the animals infected at once. It has

i‘ng down of the diseases. been formerly thought that by proper

Alfalfa and Hog Cholera. handling, vaccination would control

Another point which I might well the disease. Such has not always been





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





we.“





 





 





When you buy Rubber Overshoes insist

on the genuine Goodrich-made





“STRAIGHT-LINE”





bring in here. I wish to call your at-

tention to the relation between alfalfa

growing and the successful control of

hog cholera. When your hogs are af-

flicted with disease, one of the best

methods is to spread them out. That

is exactly what you do when you in-

tend using your alfalfa fields for hog

grazing. It is a well-known fact that

in all human disease, one of the most

modern of practices of control is the

spreading out of the people who may

be afflicted. Do the same. with your

hogs by means of the feeding of alfal-





the case, however.





The most import~





ant thing in a case of infection is what

you can do yourself—quarantining the

diseased animals in good clean sani-

tary quarters where they can be given

good treatment is often advisable.

Then application of some germicide

about the yards and hog houses is of

utmost importance. We are advocat-

ing the use of milk of lime for the

purpose—it costs no more than does

some of the carbolic solutions and is

equally good for disinfecting of all

places about the buildings. There is





for best fit—longest. wear





 





 

 

 

 





G ET THE SE





FREE BOOKS NOW





 

 





THESE LONG evenings afford the best possible

opportunity for that careful thought which is

ever the root of top—notch success.





Just as you plan ahead the Spring crops, you should right now

plan how to handle ’em most profitably—your machinery buys

should not be made on the snap judgment necessitated by

summer rush; that’s costly.





K

I

I

I

I

I



North and South, East and West, you farmers and stockmen have proved .

I

I

I

I

I

I

I





fa in your feeding lots and you will still another reason why lime should

reduce the prevalency of hog cholera be used—and again I refer to Prof.

to a considerable extent. Otis’ speech on the use of lime for the

The stock which the farmer may buy growing of alfalfa. The beneficial ef-

is liable to infection and result in feet, of lime upon sour soil in the pro-

death, which in turn results in a dis- duction of alfalfa often times warrants

tinct loss to the owner—obviously, its use for that purpose alone, and

then, the good farm manager will con- surely when that lime could be used in

sider that the successful control of all the successful eradication of germs .

animal disease is a gOOd piece of farm which cause the cholera and later serv-

management. So you will see at a ed the agricultural purpose, it should

glance that our Veterinary Depart- be advocated.

merits, our Live Stock Sanitary Com- The plan is best shown by the fol—

mission, as well as the farmers them- lowing chart:





the soundness .of a Silo investment—but—you shouldn’t overlook the true

economy that lies in the best Silo Filler.





NOW is the time—become thoroughly posted on Silo Filler values—know

what we offer, what the other fellow Offers. Cool headed, unbiased compari-

son Iclls the story. it



Write for our Free Books—Free Catalogue of Silo Fillers-Free Book on Silage.





Write for Catalogues ofoilier Fillers—con ’cm over point by point and let your decision be

governed by whatyou know rather than by the unsupported song of some salesmen.





 





Unit. , Area.





7 Cooperation. )fllcers.





WILDEB-STRONG IMPLEMENT COMPANY, Monroe, Michigan. Box 13.





Silo Fillers





III-I-II-Il-I.‘





1. Smallest unit. Individual farm

14 of a section.





01111212392119? and Feed Cutters Land Rollers and Pulverizers Cattle Stanchiom





 





Nine contiguous

farms.





2. Unit group. A farmer. Farm group





193619}:-





 





 





Run on Kerosene—6c for 10 Hours





Ellis Engines develop more power on cheap lamp oil than other engines do on high-

._ priced gasoline. Will also operate successfully on distillate, petrol, A,

.-’ alcohol or gasoline. Strongest. simplest, most powerful engines



made; only three working parts. No cranking, no excessive weight, .



no carbonlzing, less vibration, easy to operate. '





School dis-





Jn 3' trict.





Four. contiguous

unit groups.





Sc. Director.

Sc. Clerk.

Sc. Teachers.





36 farmers.





 





 





 





Fotur tschool dis-



ric groups~ 144 farmers.

144 14 sect.~

23040 acres.





Township bureau



president and see.



two men from

each school.





4. Townshi .

1) Horizontal Engine





ENGINE





Have patent throttle giving three engines in one' force-feed oller- utomobilet

muffler; ball-bearing'governor adjustable while rurining and other eicglusive featmyeg? i.

Everv engine sent on 30 days' approval with freight paid. 10-year guarantee. Write 1' .r ’ ‘





 





 





20 town groups County Bureau





COUnSGlOI‘S. fox-1916 catalog “Engine Facts ”showin NewM d I it '

5' county average 2380— Count . a ent ELLIS Edcmsco ' 9 g o e” hspedalpfl-“s' '

groups. 1%; acre sect. 2880 farmers. Sch. Shiptg . ., 283 East Grand Boulevard, Detroit. Mich. . Vertical Engine

farms—460,800 Township





acres. Presidents (20)





Porn Free to Ford Owners





 





State district





 





 





if;





S St t Bd of I l I DIM (ilJI‘IESI'IIIi): .Jffiom“ nd so

ae . ‘ . “33. "it“... I. T .

6. tate O ' r0 ps; 264,000 Agriculture. ’1‘. l4”: gurgliculm 9’ “mad It Mb m Qfii' 3.7:: OWNERS hl. 300k I eIIs I on

farms. College of Agril. . .i . to" ”Me °" ' ”WW“ Y0" "'1 b“WM-hot!





 





 





 





7. Interstate.





 





U. S. Department of Agriculture Bur. Animal Industry.

State_Boards Agriculture and Veterinarians.

Veterinary'Department of College of Agriculture.



The Experiment Stations and the work.





 





‘

3 ‘I - GUIDE more about your Ford Car than you

1 , »' ,. ever expected to know. Diagram of

‘ I parts; howtopverhaul. repair, keep in nod condition:

SE 9, economical driving, etc. Shows atest improved

equipment at “direct-to-you" prices which save many

ollars and add immense service value. to your car.

Write ntonce for “The Guide". Worth dollars \

togou. Sent absolutely free on request. Address

A M DERN SPECIALTY 00., 20th St" Racine. Wis.





I .l,‘ at at. our lmv coo Ind writable corms.

i '3}! ; "it: .0 .YYLI'IJIM and ooloraln Ranger

'1 , a, “l. bicycles. Moot complete line In America.

, y”, \‘ 5 Other gunnnmd model! um. um and

017.00. A few good second-hand bicycle.



, taken in trade. 33 to a to clear.

"no, lamps. wheels. sundries. m. and all

bicycle supplies at Wmal prim. Do not My

unlll you let our ontoloz and oflorl. Write Now.





a 0 even e um. 5.77 gamma.
Z / 4;





 





 





More Dairy Dollars





We have found a way to bring you more dollars without





We call this new profit “,"velvet





increased expense. ‘

Our new book, ‘ Velvet for





because it comes so easily.

Dairymen” tells all about it.



Your separator is losing cream, no matter what the

make. A famous experiment station says, “The use of the

gravity can, a low speed of the separator, and an ex-

cessive rate of Inflow cause heavy loss in butter fat. ”

They have proven that 95% of all farm separators are

turned below regulation speed. When the speed slackens,

a lot of the cream escapes with the skim milk—and with

the cream goes the profit.



The annual loss from imperfect separation is $47 on the

average farm and upon man yfarms it is$100 and more. That’s

the tax you pay because you can’t turn your separator

at just the right speed all the time. But with





THE NEW





8.21.55: 525.55





Separator you get all the cream at any speed.





A wonderfully simple invention enables the bowl to

drink in just the right quantity of milk to insure the

closest possible skimming. You

may turn slow and make the work

easy or you may turn fast and get

through quicker. You simply won’t

lose cream with the “Suction Feed.”





You get smooth cream of an even

grade whatever the speed of the

separator. Uniform cream makes

fancy butter that brings top prices.



The supply can is only knee-

high. There’s no hard lifting to

empty heavy milk cans.



The new machine has all the

features that have made the

Sharples Tubular famous and

many other new vital and exclusive

features found in no other separator.





l





 

 





Send now for our new book,



“Velvet for Dairymen,” and learn



how to secure this new dairy profit.

Address Dept 18





The Sharples Separator Co.





Also Mecbanical Milken and Gasoline Engine:

West Chester - - - Pennsylvania

Chicago San l’roneloeo Toronto Portland





Use NATCO Drain Tile—Lest Forever





_ Farm drainage needs durable tile. aintlle are made of



' best Ohio clabiuougbly bard burned. Don’t bevetodig'emnp



. to be replaced every few years. Write for prices. Sold in cat-load

lots. Also manufacturers of famous ATCO 1M PERISH-



ABLE SILO. Natco Building Tile and Netco Sewer





National Fire Proofing Company - 1115 Fulton Building “tub"!!! PI.





9LOVEB§ 111101111135“ SUDAN GRASS 93.42.13





 





 





Extr-

Clover and Those“ mixed—the $133th wn for Join” Mm—m Why not fail to phat

hay and pom, 13 ul forage crop this man. vy

ev. whore. You will once 14 on your need bill 6b, decor; equal to cane—quality for eopen’or. Broom

wn for free sample, circular and tore, not affected by tooth. Che-p to 9‘

Se nae Write tetoda . AIIBIIOAN mun. SDI) rows ebundutly deb. wet mile—no

Co. “Dept 531 43rd and by St” Chicago. inois. ailnre. Write]. for Mme cat-leg





 





Ind M

wm mun ram-m mm moan rar- A nth-“m! u'u co ““3.” inimiunnmmt ion"





THE MICHIGAN





FARME





It will be noted in the table that the





1' unit of the working plan of organiza-

'.’ tion,‘ consists 'of the farmer Who is





surrounded. by eight others—nine in

all, constituting a‘ group which seems

the most natural of any imaginable.

With such an arrangement there

should be no spread beyond the limits

of this group. Of course, it is true

that there may be a stream running

thorugh one of the farms, but this diffi-





' , culty may be surmounted if the proper





precautions are taken.



One of the fine things about such a

unit group is the way in which it fits

into the ordinary township as it is us-

ually geographically divided. The

school houses are ordinarily about

three miles apart and serve as a cen-

ter for another and still larger group

consisting of four of the contiguous

unit groups. This grouping has a won-

derful advantage in that it affords a

good opportunity for the advancing of

work worthy of consideration by the

ease with which it may be put on foot.

In the community enclosed by this

group there are farmers who are in-

terested in alfalfa growing—those in-

terested in pure—bred live stock, while

still others are interested in the edu-

cation Of the children; all of these

may be handled very efficiently through

this grouping.



Principles of Sanitation Shouldflbe



Taught.



Another feature which is worthy of

our consideration, is the opportunity

of teaching in these public schools the

principles of sanitation which underlie

the control of all diseases. This af-

fords a good way of getting the farm-

ers to bring about the proper condi-

tions upon their farms.



In all of this work it has been ad-

visable to have the county agricultural

agent act as executive of. the town

group. He is a good man to have for

a go-between because he understands

the situation in other parts of the

county and knows the authorities to

which reports should be made.



The organizations are apt to die out,

however, unless some especial attempt

lis made to keep them alive. This is

certainly true if the cholera is quite

thoroughly stamped out for a time. It

is quite essential for the entire suc-

cess of the movement that the organ-

ization be kept on the alert, since it is

comparatively easy for the disease to

drift in from some outside source—

and in case the organization was

asleep, the disease would become quite

widespread before it could be stopped.





The largest group is the state. Of-

ten times there is an overlapping of

the functions of the duties of the var-

ious officers concerned with live stock

matters. I am glad to learn that you

have no such conditions here in Mich-

igan. But your State Board of Agri~

culture has a different duty than ours

in Missouri. I am told that your State

Board has charge of your fine college

here, While in our own state their chief

duty is to take charge of live stock in

terests of the state. It is not the func-

tion of the state to give to any indi-

vidualifarmer especial service. Going

out and saving the hogs of Tom Jones

is not the purpose of the Board of Ag-

riculture or of the Live Stock Sanitary

Commission. If they do anything with

his herd at all it is for the sake of the

interests of the community as a whole.

It is sometimes advantageous and

worth while to take Jones’ case as an

example and make a demonstration to

the public of methods of control, but

the principle underlying the whole pro-

ceeding is the service to the mass.



Another object of the college is that

of investigation. Such men as Dr. Gilt-

ner are spending their time in the lab-

oratory in the study of factors rela-

tive to animal disease which concerns

you. You may consider that the things

which he is finding out are impracti-

cal and of little account, but the time

will surely come when the results of

fire—minvestigation will be of value and will





The college men have a large service

in working. out things which border





 





along this [particular line.





assume some degree of practicalibity.‘





 





FEB. 19', 1916.



The function of thevLive Stock Sani-

tary Commission is similar. to that of

a police force. They have the author-

ity to quarantine when they consider

such action advisable. Any other meth-

ods which they consider worth while

may be instigated by this body. Among

other things is the action regarding

the shipping of stock over state lines.

There are two or three actions which

may be taken in regard to this matter.

As a rule, however, their authority

ceases at the state line.



In all of the organizations, the chief .

aim should be to put into office men

who are competent—those, who will

work for the best interests of the com-

munity. It is only in this way that

you can hope to have a system which

will prove efficient in the control of

any disease.





FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS.





 





Silage for Pregnant Ewes.



I would like some information in re—

gard to feeding ensilage to ewes that

are about to lamb the first of March.

This is my first experience with silage,

and some people tell me that it isn’t

good to feed to ewes that are about to

lamb. For roughage I have second-cut

clover, beau pods and cornstalks and

they have access to a strawstack. I

feed some kind of roughage in the

morning and silage at night, with some

oats sprinkled on top. I was also un-

der the impression that ensilage would

be quite warm as it came out of the

silo, but mine isn’t; it is rather cool.

In some of the silos around here the

ensilage is quite warm and others 'are

cool. What is the reason for that?

Does the corn in the eusilage contain

the same strength as dry, hard corn,

or in other words, does the heating of

the silage injure the feeding value of

the grain?



Ogemaw Co. G. L.



No animal, sheep, cow or steer that

is allowed out in the cold for any con-

siderable portion of the day or night

ought to be fed too freely of ensilage.

It is too succulent, juicy and watery.

Animals fed heavily on corn silage

cannot stand the cold as well as those

that have a large per cent of dry food.

That is the only thing to figure on.





Dairy cows that are kept in warm

stables nearly all the time can be fed

heavily on silage, all they want. Fat-

tening lambs that are sheared and

kept in warm barns continuously can

be fed all they will eat. But ewes that

have only a shelter or open shed

should be fed only a small feed of sil-

age once a day. It is not because

they are going to have lambs, but be-

cause they are out in the cold. Iwould

feed just as you are feeding until the

lambs are dropped, then when the

weather becomes warmer in April and

you want to increase the flow of milk

you can feed ensilage twice daily if

you wish.



Silage should cool off in a reasona-

ble time after filling, say a. month. If

it keeps warm for a long time it was

not packed properly and there is suffi-

cient air to keep up fermentation. This

will bring a loss of food.



Alfalfa Meal for Hogs.





Vv'ill it be profitable to feed ground

alfalfa at $1.40 a hundred in winter to

pigs, also brood sows? Or would beet

pulp be better at $21 a ton, and how

much would you feed?



Montcalm Co. H. P. N.





Hogs will eat a little alfalfa to good

advantage, but no great amount of it

can be fed. Hogs are not adapted to

a too bulky ration. Beet pulp can also

be fed in small quantities to furnish

a food of vegetable matter, but this is

not a food to balance a ration of corn.

It contains nearly the same analysis.





Where a farmer grows alfalfa and

has plenty of it, it is advisable to feed

the hogs all they will eat, but I would

not go to the expense then of grinding

it. They will eat a good bit without

grinding.



When one must buy alfalfa, that is‘

a different question. I might buy it

for cows or horses but not for hogs.

If I had to buy I would put my money

into'so’fnexfood more adapted to hogs,

like oil meal, or better, feeding tank!

age. Wheat bran is better for hogs





than ground alfalfa.

COLON C. LILLIE. ‘
mars, 1916."





LIVE STOCK NEWS.





 





Few stookmen owning thrifty cattle

in preparation for the market have

auficient faith in the future market to

feel warranted in producinga high

grade of beeves, and the inevitable re-

sult is that the cattle now moving mar-

ketward run mainly to a fair to mid-

dling class, with too many of the $7

to $8 kind of steers and too few of the

class valued at $9 to $9.75. Steers

worth from $8.25 to $8.75 are having

a good sale, and there is at all times

a scramble among buyers for the $9

and upward class. Advances in prices





for the choicer class of cattle have

brought about a demand from stock-

men in Illinois and Indiana for stock

cattle that can be matured as good

beef cattle in from two to three

months, and the prevailing opinion is

that prices are going to advance

enough to warrant careful ventures of

this kind, the principal danger being

that stock feeders will pay too high

prices at the start. The consumption

of beef in the United States has been

growing, as fresh pork has advanced

in price, while lamb and mutton are

very dear eating everywhere. The few

experienced stockmen who are produc-

ing a high-grade class of beef cattle

are certainly reaping generous profits,

and only a short time ago a sale was

made on the Chicago market of a con-

signment of fancy Kansas steers that

averaged 1,486 lbs. at $9.85 per 100

lbs. after having been fed since the

fourth of last October. So long as the

Chicago market is so much higher than

other western markets, owners of

prime beef cattle in Kansas and Ne-

braska will be inclined to favor that

market, for they realize the import-

ance of sending cattle to a market

where active eastern buying competi-

tion is a certainty.



A prominent Chicago live stock com-

mission firm that handles nothing ex-

cept sheep and lambs advises its coun-

try patrons as follows: “The demand

for feeding lambs is extra good, and

nowhere near enough can be had to

fill orders. We are getting lambs for





slaughter that should not come here. »





If any of our friends have flocks that

are not finished they wish to dispose

of, we believe we can find buyers for

them in the country where they will

net the owners more money than they

will get out of them by shipping for

slaughter. On the other hand, it will

help out the fellow who wants feed-

ers, as well as the market conditions,

as unfinished stuff should not come

here. The quality from the local ter-

ritory has not been any too good.

There neever was a time when choice

handy-weight lambs were so scarce.

There was not a load of prime, handy-

weight lambs here today.” It may be

added that feeding lambs are much

sought for in the Omaha market and

have brought recently as high as $10

to $10.25 per 100 lbs. for light-fleshed

70-p0und lambs adapted for finishing

and shearing. Colorado lambs are now

moving freely to the Chicago market,

and they will be offered freely from

the middle of February to the middle

of March. The number of lambs fed

in Colorado is reported as about the.

same as a year earlier. Other parts

of the country have very few lambs or

sheep for marketing this season. With

winter prices the highest by far ever

known at that season of the year, own-

ers cannot avoid making splendid

profits.



Five million pounds of dressed

chickens, valued at $950,000, were

sold during ten days in the Chicago

market recently for export to Liver-

pool and London. Business in poultry





has been on a much larger scale than 1





ever before. An aggregate of 55,000,-

000 pounds of poultry reaches the Chi-

cago market in the course of a year,

and this, based on recent prices, is

valued at $10,450,000. Farms and in-

cubators throughout the country are

kept busy producing poultry, and the

great bulk of the poultry comes to the





Chicago market, because it lies be-2 _...





tween the producing west and the con-

suming east.

John R. Wilson and Oliver Ebert, of





#5" u. .. . /' ‘2.





 





\

I





.THE‘ M’rc-H-IGAN FARMEK'” V i5—239~





I _. . Stretch a PEERLESS FENCE





Around Your Farm And Quit Worrying





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





,_ i i Once your fields are all enclosed with Peerless Fencing and

2373' / , .- .~ . Gates, your fence troubles are over for a long time to come.

-27? 4 ‘ . You are sure to find your animals where you want them and will

i - be free from injuries caused by trying to get through a poor fence.

%; ' Good Fences and handy Gates increase the value of your farm, make the





“‘7 Work easier and your assistants more contented. The hired man hates to

herd stock that has broken out and mend old inefficient fences.





Peerless Gates





Very few farmers can afford board gates in this

age of high price of timber. Peerless steel gates

are not only cheaper but they look better and are

easier to handle. Heavy tubing frames, filled with

specialgalvanized wire, insures long life. Every

part of every Peerless gate is heavily galvanized

to prevent rust.





’ ' YOur money will go farther and you



will get better results with Peerless fence.



It costs less per rod than other high grade



fences and as it is made of the best grade



of Open Hearth Steel Wire it is free from



defects and gives long service. It is heavily



' . galvanized by a special process insuring



against rust. The Peerless one—piece crossbar



prevents animals crowding it down from the



top and pushing through at the bottom. The



patented non-slip knot holds the wire in place at



all times. Line wires carefully coiled to take care

of expansion and contraction.





 





The Peerless Self-Raising Gate





S one of the best selling styles in our entire

line. It is no longer necessary to lug around

the old-fashioned sagging, dra ging, heavy



gates. The Peerless lifts automati ly and swing.

over all obstructions, snow,

ice. grass and rubbish.





' Field and Poultry Fences





You will find a style in the Peerless ,



\ line to meet the requirements of any =3

" .4



A





 





 





 





place on the farm. Hog fences, sheep

fences, cattle fences, paddock and poultry

fences, all built for the place they are to

be used. Big, closely spaced wires keep

your animals where you want them and

insure long life for the fence.





 





.4

.4





 





 





111 11

ll 1





 





 





 





 





tux





 





 





 





 





r4

g I ":“le'fllf'





In addition to bein self-raising, it is extra heavy

in both frame and hi ing. Big massive frames of

15/6” tubing anti close woven all No. 9 wire, close

mesh filling, insures long life.



Ever part heavily electro-galvanized—no paint

to wash or wear off in a year or two.





 





Lawn Fences





‘ For the man who takes pride in the

appearance of the front yard. All made

of heavy, extra galvanized wire, extra

twisted cables, extra deep crimps in the

pickets and extra care in construction.

Ornamental gates to match the fence.





 





 





 





Before you buy a rod of fence or a single gate you should send for our

big free catalogue and get lull details about Peerless fencing and gate:





THE PEERLESS WIRE FENCE CO., 210 Michigan Street, Adrian, Mich.





"W30, w.________is





/ know what machine robust—if you doubt; whether a spreader . ’ ' ' [0" '9'6 PRICES tutonlol'BEn‘L SELLING! // ‘

Will pay—then read this great, new book! It tells you in (101- i PLANS. have kept spreader prices down and led m spreader %





- Galloway was firs wer high spreader prices.

lars and cents just whata spreader will do for you on your , . . _ .

V// {31-m- mans. Why mg“ brides graders and how; vge asserts:-massagei".attains?estate‘s.

aves ea iyimprov em: 1 c sa ou my many pa on s . ,

A which fully protect the special Galloway S reader features. 1 met at one Rmm to ”‘53 cusmmer has been the reason for thL

- —.,

%

Light draft, two horses handle it; low down





send it to you for great growt of this business! That's why they say ”Galloway di-

’ l

double chain drive, out under front wheels, //

channel steel frame, trussed like a steel bridge,

steel tongue, endless apron, force eed, top ‘





 





 





 

     





 





 

 





     

 

 

 

 

 

   





want you to have this book—that’s why I'l





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





a post; card request.





I/ 1 t‘ . l . .. ,

4. . . - “-V-‘U'NAY' I“

0 SEN". so DAY PBOPOSI- - . .~ . , - are

Inn" Ihave a specxal proposition . »

- for on from now until secd— ‘ ~

/ lng time w ich should sell 25,000 . .

/ machines in the next few weeksl want ,

/ you to take a Galloway spreader right ..

1 onto your farm and test it out. I

- want you to see how it Will lighten

the work of getting the manure on the fields. ‘

y You know t at nothing will pay you bi ger

profits than getting the Winter’s accumu ation

// of manure out onto the land. A hundred loads

or so will pay for the Galloway s reader because





IRIS SPREADER FEATURES





     

 

 





 





 





“(105 the melon with his customers.” Spreader prices now lower

plans.

of box only 42inches high with our improved

of the extra profit you would no otherwme get. ed forage gill: niisciivlli‘g {grimy bonk' WhiCh is mail— /—

/

I V-Rake. \ ’ / A

\-\ s,\‘\‘\\l\\\~»\\ arm" V-\ \ \~

§I§I§I s\\la\\\l\\\\l§lk\\l§\ls\\\l§l§l §l s\ls\\\ls\\l§l§

' 9’





 





 





. than ever, and you can buy on one of six selling lans, including no

3 2 Model V—rake and all steel beateriwhich makes

a finer and wider spreading machine than ever. /

Shi ed from Waterloo, Kansas City, //

- ~ ' ‘ St. aul Council Bluffs and Chicago.

. av.

// Let me send you this new proposition and new 250 New all steel Beat- WM. GALLOWAV (:0.

Special Prices to , ..

REPUBLIC ENTRANCE ARCH w FENCE

Cemetery /

Ck .





money down, a year to pay an five other buying



1 " ’ . I I _ , . . My new 916 easy selling plans, cash or time.



page book that tells the w ole story. er and \ ~ Steel Tongue. ‘| Box 189 WATERLOO. IOWA

Associations. P I l a t t , to





     

 





\





   





azr: c





 

 

   





FARMER OR FARMER’S SON





With rig or auto to call on re lar trade





 

 





v





”.(z





 





 





the Wilson Sheep Company, of Bur-9





lington, Wis., were in the Chicago





stock yards recently looking over the ,

They have ‘





sheep and lamb trade.

handled between 60,000 and 70,000

head since the close of last August

and are extremely optimistm about fu-

ture prices.



Owners of prime heavy cattle are

now making good profits, there being

an extreme scarcity of such beeves ev-

erywhere, but there are plenty of the

common to medium kinds, and they

have frequent declines in prices, as

ownersare quick to make large ship-

ments after any good advance.



Horses were in ample supply last

week, and there was a normal trade at

recent prices, with interest centering

chiefly in horses for the French army,

mounts selling for $125@135 and caval-





 





ry horses at $150@160. J





with the big Shores Line_of Fami y Medicines.

8 ices Extracts. Tmlet Articles, Veterinary Rein-



ies, Oils, Itc. Our new. successful plan for in-

creasing business assures you of over $160.00 per

month profits Ask about No experience

necessary. Don't worry about capital, but write quick.

Shores-Mueller“..oopt. 44 Cedar Rapids.“-





. "3.0





   

 

 

 





       

 

 

 

 

 

 





Every community is Interested In :are of the last read lace of loved ones. and those who I: h 1 th

sacred spot are sure of public approvm they protect and adorn it wig {he Rapubllc Ornamental Entrance ”align-3&2. at





These arches and fences are e onomical because substantial and permanent. Uprights of heavy tubular iron connecu

with artistic scroll work of wroughtqiron securely riveted. All galvanized or painted, as desired. . d





We build arches also for parks, private grounds, country homes. etc. Lettering in upper panel made to order without charge.





Our Free Service Department will work out your Cemetery Fence Problems. See your co mitcee now and have

lance and arch up by Memorisi Day. llluau'ated Catalog giving various designs free on "squall? your new





N

REPUBLIC FENCE & GATE C0,. 44 Republic St. North Chicago, Ill.





 





 





Penny Postal Brlngs Book of





Fence Facts

Before you buy Direct from fac-

anu fence, get tory — fr of h t

- this valu- ‘ gre aid. ave





 





 





 





   

 





 





 





qo . table book. ea er profits.



0 0 am - - .. . -"""r°- Fem-e



. 0°? “W9 New Edltlon of / assassin ' attains:

a 5 000 000 W heavrly galvanized. if everything else.



1 9 Bond Steel Post Co. , 16! Hanna- 83.. Add... Mich.





 





 

 

 





,_«,.





 





ENTIRELY a new book—new



chapters—tells facts about every

type of Silo—home made. stave,

brick.cement,tile,metal,pit,

' etc.Tells beat for yourneeds





   

 

 

   





 

   

     





liberals-





 





   

 





 

 





. / 4' —impartial sag estions for

5 09°“ 1'1th W'W- ’1 l making mpst pro ts.264_ pages _

I“, Double Galvanized. II, ——10 age index—Copyrighted «9%

Tag your stock—best and cheapest means of





 





Nov. 914.covers4lsila ecrops.

,1 Send for new book'it eats I

revious editions. Write today.

Mailed for 10¢. Mention this





' ' 9°“ Slver Mfg. 00., Salon, 0.





 





. / 13: PER ROD UP.



Money Saving Fence Book and

sample free. Just write poatalnow to

“IE BROWN FENCE & WIRE co.

Department 49 Cleveland. 0.





 

       





identification for Hogs Sheep and Cattle.

Name. dress and non stamped on tags.

Catalog and sample: [no on request.



I. 8. lureh‘Coq 189 W. "rm 8!. cMcace '





   





     

     





         





   





 





         





 





 





. l
MW





J





 

 

 

 

 

 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





' . FEB. 19,. 1916.





 





 





DOWN and

One Year





 





For any Size—Direct from Factory .





You can now get one of these splendid money-making labor-

saving machines on aplan whereby it will earn its own cost and

more before you pay. You won ’t feel the cost at all.





.24 III NE.“ BUTTERFLY





. No. 2 Junior——s light running. easy cleaning close skimming. durable,

lifetime guaranteed separator. Sklms 96 quarts per hour. We also make four other

_ sizes up to our big 6001(3). capacity machine shown here—oil sold at similar low prices





 





ming Device. Rusl





in: ~ 3 a n i la

Frame—Open

and Cream Spools.





 





 





and save money. Write TODAY.





 





and on our liberal terms of only $2 down and a your to pay.





l’tlf.’:3.°."..°"°'s"l?:.° 30 DAYS’ FREE TlllA





GUIRAITEEI

A LIFETIME





You can have 90 days FREE trisl and see for yourself

Proof and Easily

0k tl _ I. o w how easily one of these splendid machines will earn

in its own cost and more before you pay. Try it along

l’OW“ 1'3“" — Oil side of any separator you wish. Keep it it pleased. ,

Balm Ball Bear- 11' not you can return it at our expense and we will

ings—-hgy Tu'n- refund your 82 deposit and my the freight chsrge 1

both ways. You won’t be out one penny. You take '

no risk. Postal brings Free Oat-slog Folder and direc ’

hill

from factory offer. Buy from the manufacturers.





Albau [mom- co,,2I65IIarshaIm_d. chicago, Ill. ‘





 





 





 





 

 





l’au Us No Money





You need not ma us one cent in

advance to try is new way of

butter making. Prove for your-

9. if before you decide to buy, m-/

that, it will make better butter—more butter. in o‘i





 





shorter time than any other chum... That' s the

test thEst tells.

1' NEW IMPROVED CHALLENGE

EChurns Butter In 3 Minutes

a A marvelous new churn that_ brings the finest

Bgrsined. sweet. yyelluwo butter in 3 to 10 minutes

ltime. Up crate. eon new scientific Lorine ciple- —t.he

right W: 1y tomske GOOD ”BUTTER. Gets Lénot IlsrtléuNd of

the but tor fats. 500 REWARD FOR A BE‘X‘T

lib Write Egg/El} for IE BOOK on .Scientific Butter

lib ersl Enial offer r. Sendl rorpostmd.

THE HAS!!! I58. Gil. DEPT. :M “In“. Bill-ll

m





 





 





GUARANTEED Glazed tile or four





kinds wood stave. Haul

and easily erect Kala-

mazoo Silos when farm

labor is most plentiful





and cheap. ~Freight

TILE OR STAVE paid to your home





town- Red wood doors, continuous opening

door frame. Tile silos anchored by weight.

File and frost proof. Superior to cement.

Save money. too, by early- -in-year shipments

direct from nearest kiln, on factory to farm

co-operation sales plan. Ask for booklet

and details. Silo users make best local agents.

Write today—Dept. 621,





KALAMAZOO TANK & SILO CO.

KALAMAZOO. MICH.





R0”! in de “Sr-idboo

Keeps all your ensilage sweet, =

fresh and cle In. Unuvoidable_ -





r; “,3: loss reduced to about i” due to:

t '3‘ no leakage or ev Iporation.





THE PERMANENT 511.0

I can’t blow down, buckle, twist

or collapse. Stands rigid even

' when empty. Fireproof storm-

‘ proof. Capacity increased any

time by adding to height. Gu: Ir-

' . anteed against silage acids. We

'.: also make the Ross Wood Silo.

Write for free catalog.

AGENTS WANTED.

TBBE E. W. “R1088 o()0.





~ -, 13" Sin" "“3

:' llllllllllllllBllllllllllillllllllllllllillllllillllileilllllllllllllllllll lolll'llllllllll





\_ THE HINGE





 





 





 





 





 

   





l'l‘l}lllHI!lllllllIllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllUIllillllllllllllll





 





THE most convenient and best



equipped silo made. Doors al-

ways In place. Strong steel frame. Per-

. feet anchorage. Best material through-

... out. We also make the Lansing Silo,

2” the Chicken Silo, and Tanks of all kinds





wooos snos. sun a use. co.

Main Office: Dani. 15mm. lot.





if actories: l incoln Nob; Lansinglhchq

, and East St. Louis. Ill. '





Tile Silos—





VVo are the orifiinators of hollow block tile silos;

and our iiist ‘il us are still s.and1ng, in perfect I-mi-

Ilition and without repel rs,nftcr ll yoursstemly use.





Send for Catalog on “Success Ideal Silos."





The Louisville Brick & Tile 0).,

Dept. A. - Louisville, Ohio.





 





 





 





 





   





 





l





 





 





 

   

 





It’s Cheap

it’s Strong

It’s Durable

It’s Sanitary

It's Comfortable

Hangs Any Place





The best way to tie

the cow ever sod.

Hundreds of thou-

sands sold every

year. Government

adopted. Will last a





 





 





lifetime. Cow rests in

perfect comfort. Con

turn her head to lick

her flanks. Does not

bruise her shoulders

when she rises. London

otsnchions can be used

in any stall. Ask your

dealer or write us.

“Everything for the Barn"

The Louden Machinery Co.

1901 Court St. (Established 1867) F-irfielil. lows





 





 





 





 





 





E! a

THAT'S GUARANTEED

-to produce more milk than any other ration

either home mixed or purchased and do it

Without giving your cows constipation or

udder trou Ready to use right out of the



sack without any mixing.





 





Absolutely free from adulterants and fillers. just

like the feed you would mix for yourself. is as cisl

combination choice eotto me beet

pulp. gluten feed, corn distillers' grains, wheat bran,

wheat middiin and a little salt. that’ s all; ml) In-

gredient weiged automatic scales and all

thoroughly mixed' Inb uge power driven mixers. so

that it is always absolutely uniform. and always

good. An extra quart or two of milk daAIlfiér-om each

cow may turn a intoa profit. Try L O -FE_ED

for more rofits on nuns; but I not ' '

entirelynp to you LARRO





plan, the ecision be

dealers almost everyw :write if none near you.





mmnmumwwn—s





 





 





 





 





 





BOWSHER SWEEP MILLS





Difl'mnt from“. all others. :nd or 2



Blind Gal-am



miss. (Also mko lo sins “of suit milk)

ran. Folder on'Tsulsd





D.N.P. Dweller 06.. “fl lend. I“





 





Dried Salvage Grain from





Cheap Pea Mill iire— f—eeding value un-





re.d Price low— Ask for sample.

BARTLETT 00.. “ill E. Jackson. moms“





El





 





De'I'O DEHORN





edcows give more milk; talc.

kssroom; aregentlesndasii handled.

Dehorned steers fatten qmckcr and

are not dangerous. licrnscost

mooey- . move them with the new





Improved Keystone Debomer

quickest, cleanest. strongest and most



sad . Clean. shear and sliding

cut; so crushing. no bruising Money

beck guarantee. Send for bookld.





PAYS





 





 





‘Lmlfl 1:6 [mult-





 

 

 





ARM real estate is not as good an

investment as blooded stock. The

dairy cows pay for themselves



and the farm, too. But the farm, on

a. general farming basis, will not pay

for itself. This is what breeders of

good dairy cows throughout the dairy-

ing states have come to know to be

true. For proof, these men submit fer-

tile farms, profitable herds and bank

accounts to serve as “preponderance

of the evidence,” as lawyers will say.

On the other hand, few of the general

farms have the mortgage “lifted,” mon-

ey is hard for the general farmer to

borrow, while the dairy farmer, with a

good herd of stock not only rides in a

good auto, but finds it easy to go to his

banker with his herd dividends and

make a loan at any time.





A success at farming is a success

only when it is on a business basis.

Profits steadily increasing, with times

always good, is assured to the man

who has a. good dairy herd. Never be-

fore in the history of the country was

dairying more profitable; never was

the future more bright.



The Cow the Mortgage Lifter.



The Brown Brothers, as they are

known in western New York, began

farming more than twenty years ago,

keeping cattle only for milk and fam-

ily purposes. They were so busy do-

mg nine kinds of farming at once that

they didn’t have time to “monkey with

stock.” After ten years’ effort they

still had the big mortgage on the 320

acre farm. They raised a. few colts

and calves, fussed about the markets

and paid their grocery blls, but the

luxuries of life remained with the rich

and not with the Brown boys.





Their wagons wore out hauling grain

and bay to market and they went to a

fall auction and bought two second-

hand wagons at a great bargain. For

these they gave their notes ,reading,

“This note to bear six per cent inter-

est from date.” When the notes be-

came due Brown Brothers couldn’t find

the holder of the notes to pay them. It

ran along for a while and they receiv-

ed a notice from a bank to call and

pay the note “and eight per cent in-

terest from the date of making.”



it Pays to Have Good Stock.



The Brown Brothers made a small



investment which has netted them a





good-sized fortune since 1903. That

year the bought three pure-bred





Shorthorn heifers and one full-blooded

bull. When they paid $500 for the

bull, their neighborhood threatened

having them examined as to their san-





ity then, but today they are praising





their foresight.



The Brown Brothers continued to

produce general farm crops and take

good care of the little herd of pure-

bred Shorthorn cattle. They kept the

heifer calves and 'sold the bulls. Since

1903 they have sold more than $15,000

worth of purebred Shorthorns from

the herd and have eighty head left,

which $30,000 wouldn’t buy. They

have purchased only one cow since

1903. In that time they have made

their farm more fertile than the year

the sod was broken. And they have

added more than $20,000 of improve-

ments to the farm.



“We paid as we'went along,” said

one of the brothers. “We didn’t do

anything unless we had the money to

pay for it. It took a lot of scrimping

to get money to buy the seven head of

pure-bred cattle with in 1903. But

this was the wisest thing we ever did.

If we hadn’t made it our farm would

be worn out by this time, and we

would have been bankrupt.



Success Due to Management.



“It would be hard for me to under-

stand why farmers do not get into the

business of producing live stock if we

hadn’t been a little slow in getting

into it ourselves. When I talk to some

of my neighbors about it they say,

‘Well, we know a lot of fellows who

have made a failure in the pure-bred





 





 





stock business.’ They are right. It





Dairying for Profit





is in the man and the' management,

not in the business. Any man who

uses judgment, isn’t afraid of work

and will take good care of his soctk

will make a success in the dairying

business, with any good stock.



“One farmer Will fancy one kind, an—

other another kind. It all depends,

though, on the way a man’s fancy runs.

But the thing for every farmer now

doing general farming to do is to get

into the live stock business. Some

fellows will say, ‘Oh, you have stock

to sell is the reason you are advising

us to get into the live stock business.’

Yes, and .you will have some to sell,

too, if you will get into the business,

where you haven’t anything to sell

now.



“Start with a few head. Buy a herd

bull and don’t be afraid to pay the

price if he is the kind you want. More

depends on the selection of the bull

than anything else. When a man starts

out to buy a herd bull he usually fixes

the price he will pay and he won’t

vary from that. He will look all over

the country for a herd bull for $100 to

$150. There is cheap registered live

stock the same as there is cheap grade

stock, and the money spent in the

foundation of the.herd is of little con-

sideration, but quality is of prime im«

portance. A good registered bull will

pay for himself twenty times over,

and during that time you will have

built a reputation for your herd."





High-bred Cows Profit Makers.



The Brown Brothers maintain that

if each farmer would buy just one

pure-bred cow it would put him on the

profit side of the ledger in a your.

From one heifer they sold $3,000 worlh

of cattle in 12 years, and they still

have thirty heifers of her family in

their home herd. But farmers make

the error of trying to do it all in one

year. Most fellows don’t enter the

business unless they can start with a

full herd from the start, and be Iause

big profits don’t roll in the first day

they drive the cows into the barn, be-

come discouraged, and belittle the pos

sibilities of good stock. But no farmer

who was practical, who used common

sense, devoted his time and attention

to the business, ever made a failure.

If he keeps the investment on the farm

and in the herd he will make money if

he displays patience and energy.



Not only is the herd a good invest-

ment, viewing it from the side of the

ledger of. cattle sold, but aside from

this income, which, with good stock is

even larger than with scrub varieties,

there is the possibility of selling off-

springs for a handsome price. This is

the kind of dairying that is really

profitable; the kind every farmer

should have a slice of, for the demand

will exceed the supply for several

years to come.



New York.





EARL 1V. GAGE.





DAIRY PROBLEMS.





 





Feeding One Pound of Grain to Three

or Four Pounds of Milk.



You say feed one pound of grain to

every three pounds of milk. Now

suppose the cow gave 28 pounds when

fresh and six months from that time

only gave half of that, would you con-

tinue to give the same amount of feed

as at first, or suppose she is only giv-





ing 14 pounds and you want to make





hei increase the flow and you know

that she gave 28 pounds when fresh,

would you give a feed that would cor-

respond with the 28- pound milking‘.

Jackson Co. J. W. K.





There is only one better rule for

feeding a grain ration than that of

feeding one pound of grain for every

three pounds of milk if the milk tests

above five per cent, or one pound of

grain for every four pounds of milk if

the milk tests four per cent or below.



The best rule, that is the most‘ac-

curate, is to feed one pound of grain

per day for every pound of butter-fat

produced in a week. This accurately





takes into consideration the quality as





well as the quantity of milk. Rich





milk requires more feed for 100 pounds





 





 





*3
FEB. 19, 1916.





than poor milk. But, of course, the

grain fed must make with the rough.

age a balanced ration, that is, furnish

the food nutrients in about the right

proportion for economical digestion

and assimilation.



Your idea is correct. If a cow gives

30 pounds of milk give her ten pounds

of grain; if only 15 pounds of milk

then only five pounds of grain. Let

her get the balance of her ration from

the roughage.



Butter and Over-run.





Will you tell me the correct way for

finding the amount of butter from the

fat and overrun? Is there any law re-

garding it ‘3 How do creameries usu-

ally figure it? ,



Lapeer Co. L. S. L.



Butter is fat plus over—run, it is fat

and over—run combined. Take 100 lbs.

of cream testing 30 per cent fat, that

would be 30 lbs. fat. To get the

amount of butter this butter-fat with





THE MICHIGAN ’F'ARMERY





you have a sufficient amount to, churn,

then warm the cream to 70 degrees

and let stand for 24 hours, stirring oc-

casionally. Just before churning cool

the cream to 60 degrees.



Ensilage Too Dry to Keep.



Will someone kindly tell me how to

keep my ensilage? I have a big silo

and only 22 head of cattle to feed it

to. It was put up in the year of 1914

and I don’t think there was any wa-

ter put in it. It is molding now, a

blue and white mold.



Roscommon Co. W. 0.



If this ensilage was so dry when put

up that mold formed all through it, I

don’t believe it can be saved. Water

would help it but there is no possible

way of getting water distributed





through the compact mass of silage.

If you pour water on top of it it will

run off and not penetrate the mass.

Just as soon as you discovered the

silage was in this condition you should

have gotten a lot of cattle and fed it





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





Looking After the





an 18 per cent over-run would make,

multiply the '30 by 1.8, which would

equal 5.4. This, added to 30 would

make 35.4, or the number of pounds of

butter 100 lbs. of cream testing 30 per

cent fat would make;



Pea Bran as Sole Concentrate.





Kindly give me a balanced ration for

Jersey cows. I have clover hay and I

would like to know what grain to feed

them, and what difference I would

have to make if I fed cornstalks with

the clover hay. I have been feeding

clover hay and pea bran, cornstalks

and pea bran, and clover hay, corn-

stalks and pea bran, but I do not get

good results. What is wrong with the

butter? It had a strong smell and

taste. I have three cows that‘freshen-

ed in October, November and Decem-

ber, and separate the milk and churn

once a week.



St. Clair Co. L. R. A.





1 don’t think you are feeding suffi-

cient protein. Pea bran contains only

7.7 per cent of digestible protein,

which is not sufficient when you feed

all clover hay for roughage, and if you

feed cornstalks it is not nearly enough

protein. If you had ground peas it

would be different, as this product

contains 20 per cent protein. I sug-

gest that you mix gluten feed equal

parts with the pea bran when you feed

clover hay once a day, and cornstalks

once a day, and when you feed clover

alone mix wheat bran and pea bran

equal parts. Now feed all the rough-

age the cows will eat fairly clean and

then feed one pound of grain per day

for every pound of butter-fat produced

in a week, or feed one pound of grain

for every three pounds of milk pro—

duced.



Perhaps the trouble with the butter

is caused by the way you handle the

cream before churning. You ought to

churn twice a week to make good but-

ter, and oftener if possible. Stir the

cream until cool. Don’t set it away





warm- Cool every mess of cream be-

fore adding to the 01d cream, then stir

together. Keep in a cool place until





Source of Supply.





all out the first winter. In fact, the

quicker it had been fed out the better.



Where silage is put up under proper

conditions it will keep perfectly for

years, no one knows how long. Cases

are on record where it has kept in

good condition for several years and

apparently would have kept much

longer.



COLON C. LILLIE.





 





HOLSTEIN BREEDERS MEET.





 





The West Michigan Holstein Breed-

ers’ Association held its annual meet-

ing February 2 in Grand Rapids and

carried out an interesting program of

talks, followed by discussion. For the

first time Michigan will entertain the

Holstein-Friesian Association of Am-

erica this year, the annual meeting of

this body coming to Detroit June 7-8,

and many breeders from this section

Of the state will attend. Officers of

the West Michigan Association were

elected as follows: President, M. W.

Willard, Grand Rapids; vice-president,

Peter Buth, Grand Rapids; secretary,

and treasurer, W. R. Harper, Middle-

Ville; executive committee, F. H. Wil-

liams, Allegan; F. D. Cutler, Wayland;

H. A. VVashburn, Moline; H. F. Curtis,

Lake Odessa; John J. Nyenhuis, Hud-

sonville.





The Saginaw County Holstein-Frie—

sian Association met at Saginaw and

re-elected Wm. J. Morgan as presi-

dent. C. P. Reed, of East Lansing,

spoke on the advantages of farm ac-

count books and business records of

what every animal and every field is

doing. The matter of holding a con-

signment sale of Holstein cattle under

auspices Of the association, was dis-

cussed and a committee was appoint-

ed, with Thomas Phoenix as chairman,

to report on this plan at the next

meeting.





m a

17—241 '





 





 





 





“—





Extra Strong





where extra strength is needed





ROUGE REX SHOES





“for the man who works”





SHOES that are worn by men who



work have to stand up to hard wear. The

man who works can’t be particular where he

steps; his shoes come down wherever he has to

put them.





 





Toe—caps on such shoes get more wear than the

toe-caps on any other kind of shoes. We'know that and

so we make our shoes to be worn by men who work,

with two thicknesses of leather on the toe.





It’s good leather, too. We buy the green hides

and tan them ourselves. No one can make shoes of Rouge

Rex tanned leather but ourselves. Rouge

Rex leather has never been on the market

for other shoe makers.





This No. 4131 is a Rouge Rex shoe





designed for spring wear, strong and roomy

--an ideal shoe for outdoor wear in wet

weather.





Send for booklet of Rouge Rex Shoes and





name of nearest dealer. You’ll be glad you did.





 

 

 

 

 





Hirth-Krause Company

Hide to Shoe Tanners and Shoe Manufacturers





18-2 lonia Avenue, S. W. ,

Grand Rapids Michigan





 





 





«2.

\v





. , .

\{' . . . \

ViW





 





 





 





 





Would You HireTwo Men

To Do One Man’s Work?





OF course not! Then why buy or put up with a cream separator that use:

any more discs than are used in the Sanitary Milwaukee?

With practically half the number of discs used in other separators, the Sanitary

Milwaukee actually skims closer, quicker and easier. The discs are tapered,

allowing greater separating capacity where separation takes place. This together

with the fact that the feed slides allow an equal amount of milk

to flow between each set of discs —- something accomplished in

‘ no other separator —- explains why the skimming bowl 0f the





i o SAN/WY





CREW SEPARA 70/?





Does its work more thoroly, with (en trouble, leu work for you,

You have only about half as many discs to clean every time you





use the separator. Moreover, the discs of the Sanitary Milwaukee

have no holes, pockets or perforations to catch and hold impurities.

They are as smooth as glass. Still another reason why they are

easy to keep clean, is that they are stamped out of pure alumi-

num. Every woman knows that aluminum utensils are easier

to wash because grease does not stick to aluminum. It can

never rust or corrode and thus taint the cream. '



Sanitary Milwaukee will give you all the cream with less



work, yet cost you no more. Write now for complete



illustrated catalog and name of dealer nearest you



who can show you the Sanitary Milwaukee.





MILWAUKEE SEPARATOR MFG. CO.

243 Madison Street

Milwaukee, Wis.





 





 





 





Kent Co. ALMOND GRIFFEN.





 





70 lbs. Milk Cost 36 cts.





Elsie, Mich., H. F. Lewis, has a herd of 16 pure lll‘Hl llolstcins that

are doing fine on Unicorn. He has a .‘2 year Old that is giving 56

lbs. per day with no other grain ration but Unicorn. .‘ilso a 5 year

Old that averaged 70 lbs. per day through January on 14, lbs. of

Unicorn feed as a grain ration. Those are factsl Obtained Of him





this morning. A. R. LEVEY.

Hundreds of UNlCORN feeders are doing as well.





UNICORN DAIRY RATION





is equally profitable for tests or every day dairying. TRY IT.

FOR FACTS AND FIGURES WRITE,





GHAPIN & 00., Dept. M, Hammond, Ind.
Sleeve-Valve Motor





For Better, More Constant, Longer Service





Let the city man have his poppet-valve from the very nature of their construction,--

motor if he wants one. The sleeve-valve motor will steadily improve

His garage around the corner will take care with use without any attention beyond oiling.

of it for him—”tune it up” frequently and Carbon in the sleeve-valve motor only

remove the carbon and re-seat the valves every makes it run the smoother and quieter—only

few thousand ““1651 gives it greater power and flexibility. I

But you probably have no such nearby





And it will serve you more and more effic—

iently for literally thousands of miles beyond.

the life of any other type of motor.



We believe the Willys-Knight is the most





facilities.

_ You have to be without your car for days-

maybe weeks—when engine repairs are nec-





 

 

 

 

 

 





essary. _ . _

The great Daimler—England’ s best known economical car, in the long run, Wind! 2.

motor car builder,—-says: ‘ ‘if there is no repair farmer can bUY-

ShOP within miles, own a Knight lVIotored Car.” It will give him better, more constant, longer

It will give you far the most constant Ser- service than any other car at anywhere near

vice—far the greatest total mileage. the price.

Forinstead of getting noisy and losing power See the Overland dealer now and talk it

and flexibility, as all other types of motor must, over with him.





Catalog on request. Pie-so oddreu Dept. 443





The Willys-Overland Company, Toledo, Ohio





M ode] 5’4 B





$1125





Roadster . . $1095

f.o.b. Toledo





“Mule in U.S.A."





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LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?

INFORMATION





 





 





 





 





 





e ection





 





 





The FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





 





 





'l‘his Magazine Section forms apart of our paper every week.





HEN the Serb armies crossed

the border of Bosnia, to meet

the Austrians, they put an end



to what has, for thirty years, been the

model government of Europe.



Bosnia, now an integral part of the

Austro-Hungarian Empire, Was the

province which, until only a few years

ago, was unique for its curious status:

It was nominally still part and parcel

of the Ottoman Empire, but, at the

close of the wars of the seventies, the

Austro-Hungarians came into the prov-

ince and set up there a model govern-





llllll|llllll|llllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllliillllllllllllllllillillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||llli||lllilllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllliillillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllliifiiiiillil..iillz‘ iii:‘..‘J2llsi}lJiliil}Ellllliiillllll||llillllllll||lllllllIll|lllllllllllllllllllllllll||l|l|l||llllllllllllllllIllIllillllllllllllllllilllllllllilll





Bosnia’s Model Government

By FELIX J. KOCH





ment, much as the English did in

Egypt. They have done this, however,

and at the same time, have held the

sympathies of all parties concerned.

The government is the good friend

of the people. Everything is done by

it. When a peasant is in need of seed,

he goes to the government physician

and is prescribed for. If he be very





poor, the government gives him the

medicine also. In the cities, the gov-

ernment has erected schools of craft,

and the proportion of educated folk in

Bosnia is remarkable, considering the

short time that they have had oppor-

tunity in which to study. Better still,

the practical side of the laborer’s ex-

istence is looked after. On the out-





Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





skirts of Mostar, the county seat of the

Herzegovnia, (now a province of Bos-

nia), there is, for example, a school of

vine and fruit-culture. To anyone who

wishes to attend this institution the

government gives free transportation

on the railways, for the railroads are

government monopolies. While the

student is there, the government pays

him wages and gives him his food and

lodging. For this it receives, in re-

turn, only the output of the farms of

the institution and, later, the advan-

tages of having in the country farmers





llllliiillllllllllllllllill





WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES





 





 





 





Canadian Parliament Building at Ottawa as it Appeared





After the Fire of





February 3-4.





 





 





 





“Pon Pon” Veil, Latest Millinery

Novelty.





 





“Bouncing” the





 





Sculptors Working on Huge Memorial to Titanic Victims—to be Mounted at





Washington, D. C.





\-~.~





 





 





 





Latest U. S. Aeroplane Makes 90 Miles an Hour, Breaking all American





Speed





‘4





, i

-31





Queen at the Northwest Winter Sports Carnival at St. Paul.





Records.





‘g'Ilivvai “





t





I Ji‘ill





 





Marjorie Sterrett Starts Patriotic U.

S. Warship Fund.





 





 





Germany’s Largest Prison Camp is at Koenigsbruck where Thousands of





Copyright by Underwood. & Underwood N. V.





Prisoners Are Housed.
All





   





.-





a \



iii « «'1.

\ » '

/k\»_ £5 $31!!"qu





 





I . i ’ l l ({t‘ r

‘/I / -: ‘gl’ 2"“ ’ ”

r. ' My). c





 





 





 





 





 





an easy chair of the road.





The Great Big Car For The Farm





OMFORT is the keynote upon which



the body was designed—--plenty of



knee room in the driver’s compartment, ample

leg space in the tonneau and Wide seats.

leather upholstery over real curled hair creates

Perfect balance and smooth,

easy-running qualities are insured by the famous canti-

lever springs of the English Lanchester type.

ish lines, the simplicity in construction, the continuous

satisfactory performance, all give to a Pullman owner a

marvelous value for the money.





 





Real





The rak-





There is no other





 





car on the market

taday that wears as

well.





Write Dept. 12





axle.





SPECIFICATIONS:

32-ll. l’. four-cylinder motor; Batavia non-

skid tires on all four wheels;

springs:

lighting systems: separate high-tension mag-

neto; honeycomb radiator: full floating rear





ll4-inch wheel base:





cantilever rear

Independent electric starting and





 





 





 

 

 





'41,»





   

   





; ».3 ){hfi‘r'jy’jfilyi fizzy; -





=---.’ "1’2: ‘2‘» ~I‘

Bur.mw§&2 ‘





difierent and original

elude some free seed, some of our new novel-

ties. We want 100,000 more new customers

this year. These ten or more new

mers will multiply next year. That's

the way 0:;de testedseed businea

youtoo Will become an

husinstic booster for the

, , . > _- , Sud House."

M We nlsohavenfull line of knit Roz]

m , - - ru , a pas





- stunted-y-

Eanoway thmpt 131 , Wahmhwa





JAPAN ESE ROSE BUSHES

f. Fin for "leis.





The Wonder of the World

Rose Bushes with roses on them in 8

weeks from the time the seed was

_..' planted. It may not seem possible but



' we Guarantee it to be so. Theéwill



BLOOM EVERY Tl] WE K8

Winter or Summer,and when 8 yearfi

old will have 5 or 6 hundred roses on

, each bush. Will grow in the house

in the winter as well nsin the ground in summer.

Roses All The Year Around. Package of

with our guarantee by mail, only Ten Cents.

Japan 00., Box 49, South Norwalk. Conn.





   





 





 





 





100 Pound Assortment





BOLTS & NUTS





An assortment specially fire-

or up



a 8 an.



. . . . .or .

E. N6T% BOLTS, CAP-

gCB W8, Studs.





 

 





 





 





 





Pullman Motor Car Co.





 





 





 





 





 





The “Berlian '

0,...» lanMa Basket

:52? ”m“ “£43?

emu for Waste

d mgflilflé'é

“ c at WINTER

I) ours.

“I m m “I 60.

In"! am. I...

T

ALF ALF A ’ 9-9-

_ .’ Ill.

I... M Ion-IM “use. Put.

9.... a... minimum!“





1min Have Turkestan Aimra- ewoel Clover: rm

thy' grass seed of all kinds. Ash forour latest page

book on growing Alfalfa, 100- page catalog and samples.

All sod Fm. We can save you money to tail 1.



t .— I‘IRV SEED 00.. Box 431, OLMm IOWA,





 





 





 





 





York, Pa.“





71..

7}

$6.

(a "

’32:.

._.'1-.





 

 





 





 





Illllll E. MIDI, Secretary and lmsum





The Man Who fired the shot that

brought down the price of automo-

bile insurance so that the farmers

and business men of the State could

afford to insure their automobiles

against firehtheft, and liability, and

who spent his time in obtaining and

organizing a safe automobile insur-V

ance company.



This Company was organized August 30th.

1915, thus enabling his first members to join

atatimc of the year when the best risks

could be selected and after the more numerous

losses of the summer months had passed

This Company obtained about nineteen hun-

dred members which enabled them to pass

through the winter and the experimental

stage with safety. and the large membership

and surplus will now enable the Company to

commence the spring work With everything

in its favor. The revenue from new mem-

bers will be large for sometime to come. One

Company and one overhead expense Will

keep the cost down to the lowest pomt. as the

Company is run on the mutual plan. the cost

to join is only $1.00 for policy and 250 per

H. P. State rating. _ .



Anyone desiring an application or an

agency should write to the Citizen’s Mutual

Automobile Insurance Company. Howell,

Mi





TH E W1C HI G AN as awe ii; 7 i





 





 





 





 





VI. W. W B A V B R,

Tanner,

lounge—Mm

- homo bychlldlem couple about

W&%oflgfl ounz man with wife. sister or

mother. Will W “at! 0! . Bolas-E .

W. E. LANE. BUDEON. MI .





trained in modern methOds. In Bos-

nia, then, side by~side, with the skill-

ful educated farmers, the workmen 'of

an earlier generation labor, and

through this association they are grad-

ually learning better methods.



In a corner of the field of the un-

trained farmer is the threshing-floor,

where the pony is driven ’round and

’round—and the quaintly-garbed peas-

ant woman takes her broom and raises

the chaff. Here and there, from broad

baras, comes the merry rattle of the

flail and, in the grain fields, the swish

of the grain beneath the sickle is still

heard.



Nor is the laborer of this interesting

country without his primitive in-

stincts. The music of bells, especially,

attracts him and so every horse must

have his bell, which jingles merrily on

the lonely roads. Much of the other

music is of the Magyar gypsy sort,

produced by a stringed instrument,

around which the peasants gather in

the green, of a summer’s evening, and

dance the kola. Of other amusements

there are few.



The women take to embroidering for

a pastime, and, by the evening candle

and in the cruel winters, when the

towns are all but snowed in, the dames

sit by the faggot-fire and spin. The





government, however, has introduced





modern methods to change this also—

and so, from all Bosnia, the govern—

ment is bringing the expert spinners

and sewers to Sarajevo, that they may

learn modern methods. Their product

is sold for them by the government,

that the sum may aid the laborer’s

wage.



The city laborer of Sarajovo recalls

the lands of the Arabian Nights. In

and about the bazaars he putters; for

in these shops there is not much for

him to do. He is a porter, or else he

attends the officials. His fare is sim-

ple— his costume still more so——a

blouse of blue, a pair of loose black

bloomers, a girdle of red, and gaiters.

If he be a Christian, he wears on his

head .3 bandana, twisted into the shape

of a turban. Such is the workman as

one sees him in one section. In an-

other seCtion he is garbed all in

white; save for a red, inuch-bestitch-

ed vest, worn outside the jacket, and

a fez of the same color.





m. is, use. .





For food, in Bosnia, there is the





polenta and the melon, the potato and '





cucumber and tomato. Wine is much

cheaper than water. Coffee is the na-

tional beverage for Moslem and Chris-

tian alike and the coffee houses are

never empty.





If the laborer be employed as mule-

teer, on the long trails through the

Balkans, he will count distances by

kavanas, or coffee houses, where he

will halt his train of animals and,

while they drink from the brook, he

will slake his own thirst with the cof-

fee and two glasses of cold water,

which always accompany the order.



The time he guesses at—caring lit-

tle. Four' times a day the muezzeins

call the long wail, which echoes over

the mountainskand this is enough to

assure him of the passing of the day.

Time goes unappreciated.





He is light-hearted and happy. Ov-

ertaken by night in the mountain pass-

es which, prior to the seventies, were

haunted by death, he sings old folk-

songs of the day of the Turks and

Bosnia’s glorious past. Politics he

cares nothing for, for the government

was so long a military despotism, in

which he had no hand, that, as yet, he

cares little for franchise. He is far

from ready for autonomy. He knows

that the government is good and that

he will get what he. asks for. So, what

need has he of care?



Up in the mountains there is still

another type of the contented laborer

——the herder—who watches his own

flocks and those of his neighbors, stay-

ing out with them in the. summer,

tending them and making cheese from

their milk for the winter. In the up-

lands, the government has built shelter

huts for the traveler—who wishes to

explore themmand there, in the heart

of the Balkans one is surprised to find

a life simpler and more peaceful than

any known in many parts of our own

republic.



Now, though, the spirit of war has

entered the land; the armies of Aus-

tria and Servia are battling on the line

—cities are falling, towns being burned

and plundered, and stern martial law

is bound to destroy, for long decades,

what the arts of peace had brought

to so splendid a state.





lmlmlllllllllllllllllllHIIHHHI”Hill”lIIllllllllllllIIHIIIIIHHHIIIHIHIIIlllllllllllilllilllllllllllllllllilllllllllIIIHIlllHlllIllllHllllHHHHHHHHEFIlileiHiillili.illiHl2T{EilélillHIHHIHllllllllllfllllllllfllfl





 





ASHINGTON is the mightiest





name on earth, long since mightiest in





. the cause of civil liberty, still mightiest in moral reformation.





On that name a. eulogy is expected.





It cannot be. To add bright-





ness to the sun or glory to the name of Washington is alike impossible. Let





none attempt it. .





In solemn awe pronounce the name,





 





leave it shining on.——Abraham Lincoln.





and in its naked, deathless splendor,
”acne...”





 





~'—..-—u-.





 





 





{E319 1916.





AFFIDAVITS

TELL THE





Eighty Maxwells Make Good





NE day last Autumn, eighty stOck Maxwell automobiles left Buffalo,

N.Y., for as many points along the Atlantic Coast, from Portland, Me.,





to Baltimore, Md.





Every item of expense of these eighty Maxwells—for gasoline, oil, tires, and





 





- 21-?245





 





repairs—«was carefully checked and recorded.





Under Sworn Records





And the sworn affidavits of these eighty Maxwell drivers created a new

record for automobile economy by showing a gasoline consumption as

low as 36.85 miles per gallon— an oil consumption as low as 1134 miles





per gallon—and no expense for tires or repairs.





Maxwell—“ The Car Complete”





The “first cost” of a Maxwell is your only cost Nothing you can buy

extra will make it a better automobile.





The “after cost” is. without exception, the lowest of any automobile of equal

The bona-fide affidavits of these eighty drivers prove it.

satisfied Maxwell owners back up this proof.





Every Road a Maxwell Road





The Maxwell has abundance of power and speed.

through the worst of roads in any weather.

withstand the hardest usage.





weight.





mobile in the world, to buy and to run.





*- .ux:.-..ur . elm“... 'J/rv‘q..uu





Write for Illustrated Catalogue





MAXWELL MOTOR COMPANY, INC.





DETROIT, U.S.A.





Dept. CF.





. ".

hum-w- ...~~. "‘»-mv‘





' 3’29 3191' ’ ‘E‘fmké‘éfifi‘.sz'stbiwawzmmtgm'ewmmw«rig-i. 3:: f

k ' , .





It IS absolutely complete.





It conquers hills and pulls

It has strength and durability to

Yet it is the most economical auto-





 





 





This gives you the right idea of Maxwell completeness at $655





ELECTRIC Starter and Electric Lights.

MOTOR—Four-cylinder. L-head type.

cast en bloc. Bore 3% in.; stroke 4% in.

MAGNETO$imma high tension.

CLUTCH—Cone, faced with multibeatos

lining. runs in oil.

NANSMISSION—Selecflve sliding gear.

Three speeds forward and one reverse.





CONTROL—Center left side drive; foot

accelerator. 16 in. steering wheel.





WHEEL BASIL—103 inches; tread 56 in.;

60 in. optional for the South.

WHEELS—Artillery. of best grade

hickory; with demountable rims.

TIRES—3023M in., front and rear.

Famous make of and-skid tires in rear.

SPRINGS—Front, semi-elliptic. 32 in.

:ong. Rear %-elliptic, lower half 40 in.

ong.



AXLES—Front. drop-forged. I-bearn

section. complete with spring seats.

Rear, floating type.





BRAKES—Internal and external, actu-

ated on 12% in. drums on rear wheels.

EQUIPMENT—Two electric head lights

with dimmer, electric tail light, gener-

ator, storage battery. electric horn.

speedometer, “one-man” mohair top

with envelope and quick adjustable

storm curtains. double ventilating rain-

vision windshield, improved instrument

board with all instruments set flush.

spare tire carrier with extra demount-

able rim, jack and tools.





All Manuel! Dealers Con Show You Copies of Original Affidavits a0 Reproduced in this Advertisement





~._—-—- ‘

”fl- . _U.-..u~uflu£





at“





 





70,000





 





Detroit
246- -22





 

 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





FEB. 19, 1916.





 





_ Heating Pipesl

- Are Needless





(Copyright 1915 by Thc Monitor Stove & Range (20.!





When you fit your house with the Caloric



It fits immediately under the

floor and the warmed air from its single register .

circulates through the entire house. I"



You can install this furnace almost as easily as ..



a. stove and you do not have your cellar littered with ‘

being no

the cellar this is the 'one furnace that will not spoil produce. The





W

(Patented) m; ALO RI m5 (Patented)

mam-1:.





pipeless Furnace.





a. labyrinth of pipes. There





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has desirable features that cannot

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fuel. This great saving is effected

by means of our ribbed firepot, and

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cellar to waste heat. The ribs ad-





0 WARM AIR

‘i‘lk‘





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





cellar.





3’08 1‘.





. Install It Easily in Any

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Nothing to do but cut one hole for a register.

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of carrying fuel upstairs and ashes downstairs.

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Our Strong Guarantee

to prove our confidence.

Pipeless Furnace is not entirely satisfac-

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If there is no dealer in your town.

to demonstrate this furnace write us .

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The Monitor Stove & Range (30.,





206 Gest St" Cincinnati, 0.





-l ' ‘ ' _ .. ' his horse.





 

   





 





Eli! '





k





 





 





The horseback rides Madeline had

taken to the little Arizona hamlet had

tried her endurance to the utmost, but

the journey by automobile, except for

same rocky bits of road and sandy

stretches, was comfortable, and a mat‘

ter of only a few hours. The big tour-

ing-car was still a kind of seventh

wonder to the Mexicans and cowboys;

not that automobiles were very new

and strange, but because this one was

such an enormous machine and capa-

ble of greater speed than an express

train.



The chauffeur who had arrived with

the car found his situation among the

jealous cowboys far removed from a

bed of roses. He had been induced to

remain long enough to teach the man-

agement of the machine; the choice

fell upon Link Stevens as his succes-

sor, for the simple reason that of all

the cowboys he was the only one with

any knack for mechanics. Now, Link

had been a hard-riding, hard-driving

cowboy, and that winter he had sus-

tained an injury to his leg, caused by

a bad fall. and was unable to sit his

horse. This had been gall and worm‘

wood to him; but when the big white

automobile came, and he was elected

to drive it, life was once more worth

living.



All the other cowboys regarded Link

and his machine as some correlated

species of demon. They were deathly

afraid of both. For this reason Nels,

when Madeline asked him to accom-

pany her to Chiricahua, replied reluc‘

tantly that he would rather follow on

However, she prevailed ov-

er his hesitancy, and with Florence





   





 

   

   

   

 

 





pipes in





mit free air circulation which

causes the coal to burn thorough-

ly. No clinkers to lose you money.

These ribs prevent ashes from

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firepot has 600 square inches

greater radiation than the aver-

age firepot.





 

   

   

   

 





Saves the labor





 

 

   

 

 

 





   





If the Caloric





   

 





 





 

   

   

 





 





 





 





Beats Electric

(5r Gasoline





10 DA VS FREE





Send No Money





We don’t ask you to pay a cent until

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Also Offices and Warehouses al:





 





 





lamps. I neve

MANTLE LAMP would sell equal to it.”—Charlle Conrad. Ohio.





MANTLE LAMP COMPANY, 1228 Aladdin Building,

argest Kerosene (fiaalyflia)clgzanfle Lamp House in the World . es.

ew or Iy,





also in the car, they set out.



For miles and miles the valley road

was smooth, hard-packed, and slightly

down hill; and when speeding was per-





ME" WITH mas on AUTOS fectly safe Madeline was not averse to

MAKE $300 A MONTH - . it. The grassy plain sailed backward





in gray sheets, and the little dot in the



NOWM‘Qneiy' £935,131, valley grew larger and larger. From

8 urns an a . . . ‘



Without anysalesexperience.yeseven tlme to time Link glanced round at



without capital. you can makea DIE Nels, whose eyes were Wild and whose





success by placing the Aladdin on tria _

hands clutched h1s seat.





/





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





-Sample Sent Prepaid—10 Days FREE





to responsible men. Tell us what territory you prefer.

whether you have a rig or auto so you can work in

country, how long you have lived in the community.

etc.. so we can give you full information. agency

terms. credit; plan and sample lamp for free trial.





CHICAGO





Ever homo wants and needs this

won cri'ul Ilght, that from half the

usual amount of oil produces the

Nels appeared to breathe easier; and

hands.Afteratrlalnobodywantstogo When it stopped in the Wide: dUSty

0°” fifififdfgiffi {gggleaggfigfmnglgggg‘fi street of Chiricahua, he gladly tumbled

in four dozen lots and sold five lamps a.

day. My patrons all say they are fine after

usingthemayear.”—H.B.Stewart.S.Dak. “MISS Hammond, I reckon Gene’ll

run when he sees us—if he’s able to

run,” replied Nels. “Wal, I’ll go find

disappeared behind the low, bat hous-

After a little time he reappeared

and hurried up to the car. Madeline





Portland, Ore., Montreal and Winnipeg, can.





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





below regular





- Nels.

. an’ not bad hurt; but. I don’t believe

- ' you ought to see him. Mebbe Flor-





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It. is of specxal interest to every farmer and ownerof buildings. Write for free copy. Nels mebbe I ain’t glad to see a hu—

’ ’ '





. AMERICAN SHEET AND TIN PLATE COMPANYJ'rlck Building. Pittsburgh. Pa.





1 you haven’t capital we willhelp you

with our liberal credit plan. , ,

While the car was crossmg the

sandy and rocky places, going slowly,

brightest. mellowest light obtainable.

To sell the Aladdin is asimple matter

of getting the light into people’s

0300 a. month. Here are two letters just out.

like thousands we receive: “ . _

“Out ofeightcallslsold six. Then ordered Nels, we shall wait here in the car

while you find Stewart,”

Between Jan. 2 and Feb. 20, I sold about

275 1‘ saw anything that

him an’ make up my mind what we’d

better do.”

Nels crossed the railroad tracks and

felt his gray gaze searching her face.

“Miss Hammond, I found him,” said

“He was sleepin’. He’s sober





 





“Nels, I want to see him myself.

Why not? W’hat did he say when you





“Shore, I didn’t tell him thet. I jest





man bein’.’ He asked me who was





 





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Honllon Mlchlgan Farmer when wrltlng lo adverilsars





   





 





with me, an’ I told him Link an’ some

friends. I said I’d fetch them in. Now,

if you really will see him, Miss Ham-

mond, it’s a good chance; but shore

it’s a touchy matter, an’ you’ll be some

sick at sight of him. He’s lyin’ in a.

greaser hole over here.”



Madeline did not hesitate a moment.



“Thank you, Nels. Take me at once.

Come, Florence!”





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Racine Aluminum shoes wear * ' 8m You They left the car, DOW Surrounded

better than any other metal shoe. . 8h. loony





   

 





by gaping-eyed Mexican children, and

crossed the dusty space to a narrow

lane between red adobe walls. Pass-

ing by several houses, Nels stopped at

the door of what appeared to be an





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‘ By ZANE GREY





Light of Western Stars





 





 





alleyway, leading back. It was filthy.



“He’s in there, around thet first cor-

ner in the patio. Miss Hammond, if

you don’t mind, I’ll wait here for you.

I reckon Gene wouldn’t like any fel-

lers around when he sees you girls.”



Madeline hesitated, and went for-

ward slowly. She had given no thought

at all to what Stewart might feel when

suddenly surprised by her presence.



“Florence, you wait also,” said Mad-

eline at the doorway, and turned in

alone.



She stepped into a broken-down

patio, littered with alfalfa straw and

debris, all clear in the sunlight. Upon

a bench, his back toward her, sat a

man looking out through the rents in

the broken wall. He had not heard her.



She saw that the place had been

used as a corral. A rat ran boldly

across the dirt floor. The air swarm-

ed with flies, at which the man brush-

ed with weary hand. Madeline did not

recognize Stewart. The side of his

face exposed to her gaze was black,

bruised, bearded. His clothes were

ragged and soiled. There were bits of

alfalfa in his hair. His shoulders sag-

ged. He made a wretched and hope-

less figure, sitting there. Madeline

divined something of why Nels shrank

from being present.



“Mr. Stewart! It is l—Miss Ham-

mond—come to see you,“ she said.



He grew perfectly motionless, as if

he had been changed to stone.



She repeated her greeting. His body

jerked. He turned violently, as if: in-

stinctively to turn and face this in-

truder, but a more violent movement

checked him.



Madeline waited. How singular that

this ruined cowboy had pride that kept

him from showing his face! 01‘, was

it not shame more than pride?



“Mr. Stewart, I have come to—talk

with you, if you will let me.”



“Go away,” he muttered.



“Mr. Stewart!” she began with in-

VOluntary hauteur; but instantly she

corrected herself, and became deliber-

ate and cool, for she saw that other-

wise he might not even hear her. “I

have come to help you. Will you not

let me?”



“For Heaven’s sake! You—you!”

He choked over the words. “Go away!”



“Stewart, perhaps it was for Heav-

en’s sake that I came,” said Madeline.

“Surely it was for yours, and your

sister’s—”



Madeline bit her tongue, for she had

not meant to betray her knowledge of

Letty. He groaned, and, staggering

up to the broken wall, leaned there

with his face hidden. Madeline re-

flected that perhaps the slip of speech

had been well.



“Stewart, please let me say what I

have to say.”



He was silent. She gathered cour-

age and inspiration.



“Stillwell is deeply hurt, deeply griev-

ed that he could not turn you back

from this—this fatal course. My broth-

er is also. They wanted to help you;

and so do I. I have come, thinking

somehow I might succeed where they

failed. Nels brought your sister's let-

ter. I—I read it. I was only the more

determined to try to help you, and in-

directly to help your mother and‘Letty.

Stewart, we want you to come to the

ranch. Stillwell needs you for his fore-

man. The position is open to you, and

you can name your salary. Both Al

and Stillwell are anxious about Don

Carlos, the vaqueros, and the raids

down along the border. My cowboys

are without a capable leader. Will

you come?”



“No!” he answered.



“But Stillwell wants you so badly.”



“N0!”



“Stewart—I want you to come.”



(3N0!!!



The replies had been hoarse, loud,

furious. They disconcerted Madeline,





,. c “A, ....‘.,...g,.~..i- ._ ”y“? -__ .___. -.._ .W ... .





-w._........ ,_,
- way to proceed.





Q' 0? 3'





FEB. 19, 1916.





and she paused, trying to think of a.





away from the wall, and falling'upon

the bench, he hid his face in his hands.

All his motions, like his speech, had

been violent.

“Will you

asked.

“Stewart, certainly I cannot remain

here longer if you insist upon my go-

ing. But why not listen to me when

I want so much to help you? Why?"





“I‘m an infernal blackguard,” he

burst out.

I can stand for a—a lady like you——

seeing me here."



“When I made up my mind to help

you, I made it up to see you Wherever

you were. Stewart, come away; come

back with us to the ranch. You are in

a bad condition now. Everything looks

black to you; but that will pass. When

you are among friends again you will

get well. You will be your old self.

“’hy, Stewart, think how young you

are! It is a shame to waste your life.

Come back with me.’





“Miss Hammond, this was my last

plunge. I’m done for now,” he re-

plied despondently. “It’s too late.”





“Oh, no; it’s not so bad as all that.”



“It’s too late.”



“At least make an effort, Stewart,

Try!”



“No. There’s no use. I’m done for.

Please leave—me—thank—you—for—

for—"



He had been savage, then sullen,

and now he was grim Madeline all

but lost power to resist his deadly

finality. No doubt he knew he was

doomed. Yet something halted her—

held her even as she took a backward

step.



She became conscious of a subtle

change of her own feeling. She had

come into that squalid hole Madeline

Hammond, earnest enough, kind

enough in her intentions, but she had

been almost imperious—a woman ha-

bitually, proudly used to being obey-

ed. She divined that all the pride,

blue blood, wealth, culture, distinc-

tion, all the condescending persuasion,

the fatuous philanthropy on earth

would not avail to turn this man a

single hair’s breadth from his down-

ward career to destruction. Her com-

ing had terribly augmented his bitter

hate of himself. She was going to fail

to help him! She experienced a sen-

sation of impotence that amounted a1-

Inost to distress; and all at once she

became merely a woman,

sweet and indomitable.





“Stewart, look at me,” she said.



He shuddered. She advanced and

laid a hand on his bent shoulder. Un-

der the light touch he appeared to

sink.



“Look at me, she repeated.



But he could not lift his head. He

was abject, crushed. He dared not

show his swollen, blackened face. His

sullen, cramped posture revealed more

than his features might have shown;

it betrayed the torturing shame of a

man of violent pride and passion, a

man who had been confronted in his

degredation by the woman he had dar-

ed to enshrine in his heart. It betray-

ed his love.





“Listen, then,” went on Madeline,

and her voice was unsteady. “Listen

to me, Stewart. The greatest men are

those who have fallen deepest into the

mire, sinned most, suffered most, and

then have fought. their evil natures

and conquered. I think you can shake

off this’desperate mood and be a man.”





“I’m only a dog!” he cried.



“Listen to me again. Somehow I

know you’re worthy of Stillwell’s love.

Will you come back with us—for his

sake?”



“No; 'it’s too late, I tell you.”



“Stewart, the best thing in life is

faith in human nature. I have faith in

you. I believe you are worth it.”



“You’re only kind and good, saying

that. You can’t mean it.”



“I mean it with all my heart,” she

replied, a sudden rich warmth suffus-

ing her body as she saw the first sign

of his softening. “Will you come back?





please go away?” he





M





Stewart staggered”





“But I’m not so low—that





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If not for your sake or Stillwell’s—l





then for mine?”



“What am I to such a woman as

you?’,’



“A man in trouble. I have come to

help you—to show my faith in you.”



“If I believed that I might try,” he

said.



“Listen,” she began softly, hurried-

ly. “My word is not lightly given. Let

it be my pledge of faith in you. Look

at me now—and say you will come.”



He heaved up his big frame; as if

trying to cast off a giant’s burden, and

then slowly he turned toward her. His

face was a blotched and terrible thing.

It was hideous. At that instant all

that appeared human to Madeline was

the dawning in dead, furnace-like eyes

of a beautiful light.



“I’ll come,” he whispered huskily.

“Give me a few days to straighten up

—then I’ll come!”





 





CHAPTER XV.



Toward the end of the week Still-

well informed Madeline that Stewart

had arrived at the ranch and had tak-

en up quarters with Nels.



“Gene’s sick. He looks mighty bad,”

said the old cattleman. “He’s so weak

an’ shaky he can’t lift a cup. I was goin’

to tell him what he did to me up at

Rodeo; but I know, if he’d believe it,

he’d be sicker than he is. Either Gene

is losin’ his mind, or he’s got some-

thin’ powerful strange on it.”



From that time Stillwell, who evi-

dently found Madeline his most sym-

pathetic listener, unburdened himself

daily of his hopes and fears and con-

jectures.



Stewart began slowly to mend, and

presently he was able to get up and

about. It was a good augury of his

progress that the cowboys once more

took up the teasing relation which had

been characteristic of them before his

illness. A cowboy must indeed be out

of sorts when he cannot vent his pe-

culiar humor on somebody or some-

thing.



“Wal, the boys are sure after Gene,”

said Stillwell, with his huge smile.

“They josh him all the time about how

he hangs around jest to get a glimpse

of you, Miss Majesty. Sure all the

boys hev a pretty bad case over their

boss, but none of them is a marker to

Gene. He’s got it so bad, Miss Majes-

ty, thet he actooly don’t know they’re

joshin’ him. He takes every word an’

smiles dreamy like, an’ jest looks an’

looks. Why, he’s beginning to make

me tired. He’ll never run that bunch

of cowboys if he doesn’t wake up.”



Madeline smiled her amusement,

and told Stillwell that he wanted too

much in such short time from a man

who had suffered grievous injury in

body and mind.



It had been impossible for Madeline

to fail to observe Stewart’s singular

behavior. She never went out to take

her customary walks and rides with-

out seeing him somewhere in the dis-

tance. When she sat on the porch

during the afternoon, or at sunset, he

could always be descried at some point

near. He idled listlessly in the sun,

lounged on the porch of his bunk—

house, sat whittling the top bar of the

corral fence; and always it seemed to

Madeline he was watching her, though

he avoided meeting her.



Once, while going the round with

her gardener, she encountered Stewart

and greeted him kindly. He said lit-

tle, but he was not embarrassed. She

did not recognize in his face any fea-

ture that she remembered. He was

pale, haggard, drawn. His eyes held

a shadow through which shone a soft,

subdued light. Madeline fancied that

it was like the light in Majesty’s eyes,

and in the dumb, worshiping eyes of

her favorite staghound. She told Stew-

art that she hoped he would soon be

in the saddle again, and passed on her

way.



Stewart recovered his strength, but

not in time to ride at the spring round-

up; and Stillwell discussed with Mad-

eline the advisability of making the

cowboy his foreman.



“Gene seems to be gettin’ along,"





FEB: 19,. 1916. i





said the ranchman, “but he ain’t like





his old self. I think more of him, at,

thet; but where’s his spirit? The'





boys’d ride roughshod all over him.

Mebbe I’d best to wait longer now, as

the slack season is on. All the same,

if those vaqueros of Don Carlos’s don’t

lay low, I’ll send Gene over there.

Thet’ll wake him up!”



A few days afterward Stillwell came

to Madeline rubbing his big hands in

satisfaction and wearing a grin that

was enormous.





“Miss Majesty, listen to me. I’ve

somethin’ strange to tell you. Them

greasers down on our slope hev been

gettin’ prosperous. They’re growin’

like bad weeds; an’ they got a new

padre—the little old feller from El

Cajon, Padre Marcos. Wal, this was

all right, all the boys thought, except

Gene; but he got blacker’n thunder an’

roared round like a dehorned bull. I

was sure glad to see he could get mad

again. Then Gene heads down the

slope fer the church. Nels an’ me fol-

lered him, thinkin’ he might hev been

took sudden with a crazy spell or

som-thin’. He hasn’t never been jest

right yet since he left off drinkin’. Wal,

we run into him comin’ out of the

church. We never was so dumfound-

ed in our lives. Gene was crazy, all

right—he sure hed a spell; but it was

the kind of a spell he hed that par-

alyzed us. He ran past us like a.

streak, an’ we follered. We couldn’t

ketch him. We herd him laugh the

strangest laugh I ever heerd! You’d

thought the feller was suddenly made

a king. He was like thet feller who

was tied in a buryin'—sack an’ throwed

into the sea, an’ cut his way out, an’

swam to the island where the treas-

ures was, an’ stood up yellin’: ‘The

world is mine!’ \Val, when we got up

to his bunk-house he was gone. He

didn’t come back all day an’ all night.

Frankie Slade, who has a sharp tongue

said Gene had gone crazy fer liquor,

an’ thet was his finish. Nels was some

worried, an’ I was sick.





“Wal, this mawnin’ I went over to

Nels‘s bunk. Some of the fellers was

there, all speeulatin’ about Gene. Then

big as life Gene struts round the cor-

ner. He wasn’t the same Gene. His

face was pale an’ his eyes burned like

fire. He hed thet old cool, mockin’

smile, an’ somethin’ besides, thet I

couldn’t understand. Frankie Slade up

an’ made a remark—mo wuss than he’d

been makin’ fer days—an’ Gene tum-

bled him out of his chair, punched

him good, walked all over him. Frankie

wasn’t hurt so much as he was be-

wildered.



“ ‘Gene,’ he says, ‘what on earth

struck you?’



“An’ Gene says, kind of sweet like:



“ ‘Frankie, you may be a nice feller

when you’re alone, but your talk’s of-

fensive to a gentleman.’



“After thet what was said to Gene

was said with a nice smile. Now, Miss

Majesty, it’s beyond me what to allow

fer Gene’s sudden change. First off I

thought Padre Marcos had converted

him. I actooly thought thet; but I

reckon it’s only Gene Stewart come

back—the old Gene Stewart an’ some.

Thet’s all I care about. I’m remember-

in’ how I once told you thet Gene was

the last of the cowboys. Perhaps I

shold hev said he’s the last of my kind

of cowboys. Wal, Miss Majesty, you’ll

be appreciatin’ of what I meant from

now on.”



It was also beyond Madeline to ac-

count for Gene Stewart’s antics. Mak—

ing allowance for the old cattleman’s

fancy, she did not weigh his story very

heavily. She guessed why Stewart

might have been angry at the pres-

ence of Padre Marcos. Madeline sup-

posed that it was rather an unusual

circumstance for a cowboy to be con-

verted to religious belief; but it was

possible. She knew that religious fer-

vor, often manifested itself in ex.

tremes of feeling and action. Most

likely, in Stewart’s case, his real man-

ner had been both misunderstood and

exaggerated. However, she had a cur-

ious desire, which she did not wholly

admit to herself, to see the cowboy





 





 





x“-.. N, .





 





...~‘“
"TC“ 1.





 





”V“





FEB. 19, 1911;.





and make her personal deductions.



The opportunity did not present it-

self for nearly two weeks. Stewart

had taken up his duties as foreman,

and his activities were ceaseless. He

was absent most of the time ranging

down toward the Mexican line. When

he returned, Stillwell sent for him.





This was late in the afternoon of a

day in the middle of April. Alfred and

Florence were with Madeline on the

porch. They saw the cowboy turn his

horse over to one of the Mexican boys

at the corral, and then come with

weary step up to the house, beating

the dust out of his gauntlets. Little

streams of gray sand trickled from his

sombrero as he removed it and bowed

to the women.



“Wal, Gene, I’m sure glad to see

you,” Stillwell was saying. “Where do

you hail from?”



“Guadaloups Canon,” replied Stew—

art.



Stillwell whistled.



“ ’Way down there! You don’t mean

you follered them hoss tracks thet

far?”



“All the way from Don Carlos’s

ranch across the Mexican line. I took

Nick Steele with me. Nick is the best

tracker in the outfit. This trail we

were on led along the foot—hill valleys

First we thought whoever made it was

hunting for water; but they passed

two ranches without watering. At Sea-

ton’s Wash they dug for water. Here

they met a pack—train of burros that

came down the mountain trail. The

burros were heavily loaded. Horse

and burro tracks struck south from

Seaton’s to the old California emigrant

road. We followed the trail through

Guadaloupe Canon and across the bor-

der. 0n the way ,back we stopped at

Slaughter’s Ranch, where the United

States cavalry are camping. There we

met foresters from Peloncillo forest

reserve. If these fellows knew any-

thing, they kept it to themselves; so

we hit the trail home.”



“VVal, I reckon you know enough?”

inquired Stillwell, slowly.



“I reckon,” replied Stewart.



“VVal, out with it then," said Still-

well gruffly. “I reckon Miss Hammond

can’t be kept in the dark much longer.

Make your report to her.”



The cowboy lifted his dark gaze to

Madeline. He was cool and slow.



“VVe’re losing a few cattle on the

open range. Night drives by vaqueros.

Some of these cattle are driven across

the valley, others up into the foot-hills.

So far as I can find out, no cattle are

being driven south; so this raiding is

a blind to fool the cowboys. Don Car-

los is a Mexican rebel. He located his

ranch here a few years ago and pre-

tended to raise cattle. All that time

he has been smuggling arms and am-

munition across the border. He was

for Madero against Diaz. Now he is

against Madero because he and all the

rebels think Madero failed to keep his

promises. There will be another revo-

lution. And all the arms go from the

states across "the border. Those bur-

ros I told about were packed with con-

traband goods.”



“That’s a matter for the United

States cavalry. They are patrolling

the border,” said Alfred.



“They can’t stop the smuggling of

arns—not down in that wild corner,”

replied Stewart.



“What is my——my duty? What has

it. to do with me?” inquired Madeline,

somewhat perturbed.



“VVal, Miss Majesty, I reckon it

hasn’t much to do with you,” put in

Stillwell. “Thet’s my bizness an’ Stew-

art’s; but I jest wanted you to know.

There might be some trouble follerin’

my orders.” ~



“Your orders?”



“I want to send Stewart over to fire

Don Carlos and his vaqueros off the

range. They’ve got to go. D011 Carlos

is breakin’ the law of the United

States, an’ doin it on our property an’

with our hosses. Hev I your permis.

sion, Miss Hammond?”



“Why, assuredly you have! Alfred,

what do you think best?”



“It’ll make trouble, Majesty, but it’s

got to be done,” replied Alfred. “Here





ydu have a crowd of eastern friends

due next month, and we , want the

range to ourselves then. But, Still-

well, if you drive those vaqueros off,

won’t they hang around in the foot-

hills? I declare they are a bad lot.”



Stillwell’s mind was not at ease. He

paced the porch with a frown cloud-

ing- his brow.



“Gene, I reckon you got this greaser

deal figgered better'n me,” said Still-

well. “Now, what do you say?”



“He’ll have to be forced off,” re-

plied Stewart quietly. “The Don’s pret-

ty slick, but his vaqueros are bad ac-

tors. It’s just this way. Nels said to

me, the other day: ‘Gene, I haven’t

packed a gun for years until lately,

and it feels good whenever I meet any

of those strange greasers.’ You see,

Stillwell, Don Carlos has vaqueros

coming and going all the time. They’re

guerilla bands, that’s all. and they’re

getting uglier. There have been sev-

eral shooting scrapes lately. A ranch~

er named White, who lives up the val-

ley, was badly hurt. It's only a mat-

ter of time till something stirs up the

boys here. Stillwell, you know Nels

and Monty and Nick.”



(Continued next. week).





llllllilll ‘li‘ 'lllil‘l'llinll ’1‘3“1“T“‘”1‘ 39W li‘iH”luildllllnllliilliiiihuhi'n





Winter Sports





HE present. winter has witnessed

a general revival of winter

sports throughout this country.

The idea has developed in the east as

well as in the west. In our large cit-

ies where outdoor space is lacking, in-

door ice rinks have been built in un-

usually large numbers. Some of the

higher class hotels have even provid-

ed ice skating accommodations for

their guests.

It is probable that some impetus has

been given to the revival of winter

sports through the inability of society





 





 





 





 





people to spend the winter in Euro-

pean winter resorts. However, it is

not so much this class as it is the gen-

eral public that is causing observers

everywhere to note the wide interest

of both the rich and poor in these

health-giving exercises.



Particularly enthusiastic are the peo-

ple in the northwestern states. About

thirty years ago winter carnivals were

held in the larger cities of that sec-

tion and this winter St. Paul will, for

the first time in three decades, hold a

tenday carnival to which people from

other cities in that region have been

invited. Among the sports to be en-

poyed are snow—shoeing, skiing, skat-

ing, curling, hockey, and tobogganing.

The illustration above is that of an at-

tractive northwestern maiden dressed

to challenge the bitter cold of the

north wind and equipped with snow-

shoes for a cross-country jaunt. She

is assisting in reviving among her

many friends the old winter carnival

spirit.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





25—249





 





Consult the impression upper—

most in your mind and

you 11' ill find that you think

of this car as very carefully

and conscientiously made.





People think of the car in

this light because of their

high opinion of Dodge

Brothers 115 manufacturers.





 





And that good opinion is jus-

tified by the facts, and by

the performance of the car.





For example, 22 500 machin—

ing oncx rations are involv—

cd in the manufacture of

the car.



A great many of these parts

are machined to an accur—

acy of one-half of a thou-

sandth of an inch.





At least three processes used

in Dodge Brothers" factory

are distinctively exclusive.



Scientific manufacturing ac-

curacy reduccs the friction

of moving parts to the

smallest degree, and a great—

er proportion of power is

available for driving the car.



The use of forged and pressed

steel parts instead of hca11c

castings reduces the weight

of the chassis: and the all-

stcel bodv is lighter than the

usual forms of construction.



The all-Steel body also makes

possible a lustrous finish of

enamel which remains un-

dimmcd for a long period.





 





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MOTOR EAR





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Dodge B11) ‘ crs dealers frank

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It is literally true. as you have

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On almost every road in the

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Steep hills, desert sand. rough

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it has done every thing it has

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It has become known as 11 car

of exceptional economy. not

in gasoline alone. nor in

tires alone. but in both.





 





 





 





 





 





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181 “It. St. Marion. lull-





 





TH E MIC HjI GAN FARM‘E‘n





JV‘J ""





.3 i,.,‘ ‘ , .‘.





FEB. 19, 1916.





 





 





 





 

 





um 51.5.1127wa





1/ At, Home , and Elsewhere





 





 





 





 





The American Woman’s Chance





Household Editorz—I am a reader

of the Michigan Farmer and I always





"x enjoy the writings of Deborah. They





are full of life and right to the point.

I am going to ask Deborah to write

something on this subject, “The Amer-

ican Woman’s Chance.”—Mrs. N. L.





At first glance it would seem my cor-

respondent has assigned a tremendous

subject, for we are accustomed to

thinking that the American woman has





. i a chance to do whatsoe’er her fancy





dictates. But when we stop to con-

sider that the subject reads “Chance,”

not “Chances,” the thing grows easy.

For the American woman’s one big

chance today is exactly the one Eve

had when she rocked her babies in

those early days, the home. Here is

every woman’s one exclusive chance,

the one thing which she can do better

than any man, in fact the one thing

which no man can do. She can make

the home, and from it control the na-

tion. And the American woman’s

chance there is greater than that of

the women Of any other nation. For

in no other country are the women

left so free to do entirely as they will

with both money and children.





Our women have gone far in many

ways. The doors of colleges and uni-





‘ versities have been opened to them,





the trades and professions are their

legitimate field if they so desire. Ma-

chinery and modern methods have

freed them from the drudgery of the

kitchen. They can dabble in politics,

take a hand in law making, head peace

expeditions and take a. whirl at any-

thing man does. And because they

have been given this freedom many

women have left their place in the

home and rushed out into the world.

For what? For economic independ-

ence, for a widened sphere of useful-

ness, for a. desire for soul culture, for

a greater Opportunity for happiness,

they will tell you. These may be the

reasons which lured them forth, but if

they will tell the truth they will con-

fess that all they ever got was a. Dead

sea apple.



It was a sorry day for woman when

the doors Of trades and professions

were Opened to them. For no matter

how much we may object to it, wife-

hOOd and motherhood is woman’s V0-

cation, and nine-tenths of our so-called

social problems would be solved if

woman would return to her God-given

vocation. Let mothers teach their

daughters the beauty and dignity of

honest manual labor, let them bring

their daughters up to assume respon-

sibilities instead Of to think the world

is a. pleasure garden in which the Wom-

an who can get the most and give the

least is the cleverest, and the divorce

evil and most of the other evils would

solve themselves. It is the home that

is wrong, and only by the mothers in





V the homes can reforms be affected.





We have made a good deal of wom-

an’s so—called wonderful advance, but

a large part Of the advance has been

retrogression. Vthre we have gained

a little in freedom we have lost im-

measurably in other ways. We have

become selfish and unsympathetic, and

filled with a restlessness which we call

ambition, but which is really discon-

tent. We want to do some wonderful

thing, which will make our name live

through all the ages, when really the

best thing by which we can be remem-

bered is our children.



Women complain of the monotony

and drudgery of housework, but there

is monotony and drudgery connected

with every sort Of work. The teacher

teaches the same subjects, year in and

year out, her only changes being a.





new class of children, and the differ-

ent angle she can put upon the lesson

herself. And any bright housewife can

put as much change into cooking as

can the teacher into arithmetic. There

is nothing particularly inspiring about

measuring yards of ribbon, or typing

dozens of the same sort of business

letters day in and day out. Men find

their labor monotonous, and house-

work is no worse than anything else

that must be done. In fact, it may be

made pleasanter, for the housekeeper

in her own home can plan her Work to

suit herself, whereas the woman who

goes out into the world in search of

a wonderful chance quickly finds that

she does what someone else plans re-

gardless of her own views in the mat-

ter.



The home always has been woman’s

own best chance, and it will be to the

end Of the chapter. It sounds much

more thrilling to speak of a career

outside the home, but careers are most

unsatisfactory things, even the bright-

est of them. ‘Home-making is more

prosaic, but it is more sure and more

satisfactory, if you do a good job. And

if you look carefully into the matter

you will always find that the ones who

are not satisfied with home-making

are the women who have turned out

some mighty poor work. I am not

much of a believer in the idea Of look-

ing back to “the good Old days.” In

most ways these days suit me. But in

the way of woman’s chances it would

be well to go back to the days of our

grandmothers.



DEBORAH.





 





SIMPLE CROCHET EDGING.





 





BY M’BS. “'AL'I‘ER JACKSON.



This is suitable for muslin under-

wear when made Of No. 50 Irish lace

thread, or for curtains, made of NO. 15

or No. 20 cordonnet.



First Row—Chain 8 stitches, treble

in lst stitch, turn.



Second Row—Chain 5, treble in 3rd

stitch from needle, turn.



Third Row—Same as second.



Fourth Row—Chain 5, treble in 3rd





 





An Effective Design for Edging.





stitch from needle, chain 3, treble in

2nd space from needle, chain 3, treble

in same space, chain 3 and fasten at

bottoin of treble in 2nd space. Chain

1, ‘4‘ 3 doubles, chain 4 (for picot) 3

doubles * repeat from in each of

next two loops of scallop.



This brings you back to foundation

spaces. Chain 5, treble in 3rd stitch

from needle and repeat from second

row.'l





CARE OF HOUSEPLANTS.





 





BY L. H. COB‘B.



“Why do houseplants grow like

weeds for my neighbor and look like

weeds for me? My begonias are pale

and scraggly, my roses have lost their

leaves, my geraniums are dwarfed and

yellow, my ferns are a mass of dried-

up fronds and bare stems with a few

weakly shoots in a year. I go" over

them and water them every morning

and feed them plant food just as di-

rected. Mrs. Jones says she seldom

feeds hers plant food and she does not

water them regularly at all, yet her





plants all grow and look so strong and

healthy.”



How many times during my years in

the florist business I have heard com-

plaints something like this. They

would be surprised when I informed

them that the very irregularity of their

neighbor’s watering and feeding was

the probable cause of her success. She

watered when water was needed and

fed when the plants asked for food.

Some kill their plants by neglect, it is

true, but this class know it, and do not

wonder as to the cause.





Probably there is no part of the care

of plants that is so difficult to learn as

watering. It is very easy to kill some

plants by overwatering, but the great-

est danger in a regular method is that

you do not water thoroughly enough

but just soak up the top soil 2. little

while the most of the soil becomes as

dry and hard as a rock. You could

hardly help noticing if you watered

too much for the soil would turn green

and the pots, even, would be moss

grown, but the plants alone will warn

you of the other extreme.





The best way to water is to set the

pots in a vessel of water and let them

soak up from the bottom, taking them

out as soon as the moisture shows

through on top. If left in too long the

soil becomes water-logged and washes

when drained. DO not, water again un-

til they begin to look dry on the sur-

face. If you can take a pinch of dirt

from under the loose surface mulch

and it, is wet enough to make a ball

that will not crumble easily it is wet

enough to need no water. If it will not

form a ball or crumbles easily when

formed you can set in the water again.





Some plants will stand considerable

water without injury but most Of them

will not. Begonias will be killed usu-

ally if kept saturated for a day or two.

I have seen them killed by leaving in

the pan of water over night. I believe

that the custom of standing pots in

saucers has been the death of more be-

gonias than any other cause, for water

is very apt to accumulate and they will

not stand it. Fuchsias are water lov-

ers but they will not stand water at

the roots continually. Callas and um~

brella plants want the soil soaked all

the time. Ferns root on the surface

and seldom have any roots down far

in the soil, so the pots they are put in

should be shallow and the drainage

good.



Asparagus sprengerii is a heavy

feeder, and takes a great deal Of water.

The soil must be rich, and plant food

supplied freely if you want the best

results. This same treatment would

kill a plumosus asparagus, for it is not

so hardy, does not require a specially

rich soil, and the soil is apt to get sour

if overwatered, causing the spray-like

leaves to turn yellow and shatter. If

you want, your plumosus to make a.

bushy plant give it a rather poor or or-

dinary soil, but have it loose and por-

ous. Water carefully so as to keep it

healthy. Even then they will insist on

climbing sometimes, but not so Often

as if the soil was made rich.



Never feed a weak plant. Plant food

should be used only on healthy, grow-

ing plants, and very sparingly on be-

gonias at any time. Callas, cannas, and

asparagus sprengeri will stand heavy

feeding, but fuchsias, ferns, hydrangeas

and lantanas should be fed moderately.

Geraniums are better for a. little feed-

ing if they are in poor soil but not oth-

erwise, for they have a tendency to

run to soft growth and surplus foliage

if the soil is too rich.



Tea roses in the house should have

a. stiff clay soil and some thoroughly





mm ; . .. my"





 





 





_=¢'~...4.
Mm _. w.«.-a-





A . .. —-——~—-——-———-«——~..—~., ..





m





. *3:.;..&.sz§9 . 4""





.-..





i





 





 





”:1





-. .'-’»





Fan. 19, 1916.





rotted cow manure, and can be mulch-

ed with cow manure in the winter if

growing well. A healthy rose plant al-

ways sends up, red shoots. If the new

growths are yellow your plant is weak

or diseased. Be very careful in water-

in;r roses. Cut all buds as soon as they

are fairly well opened and take about

two-thirds of the stem, with the flow-

er. Ammonia is a good fertilizer for

ro.:es, one teaspoonful to the gallon of

water applied once a week. Insect en-

emies are especially bad on roses, but

are not hard to be kept at bay if tak-

en in time. Wash the plants thorough—





. ly in the soapsuds every wash-day and





you will seldom be troubled. Water is

the best cure for the red spider, soap-

suds or tobacco tea will kill the aphis,

and careful handwork with the suds or

fir-tree oil in solution of a teaspoonful

to the pint of water Will get rid of the

scale or mealy bug.



Coleus should have a very light soil

it you would have the richest colors

and they will not do well in a cool

room. Give them plenty of sunlight

and a warm place and the colors will

be clear and rich.





 





MICHIGAN'S HAPPY BABIES.





 





Whooping Cough.



Perhaps the most trying disease of

childhood is Whooping—cough. Trying

for the length of time it holds out, the

harrowing effects on both mother and

child of the fits of coughing, and the

uncertainty attending its outcome.

While in latervchildhood whooping-

cough is usually unattended by any

grave troubles, in infancy it is one of

the most fatal diseases. Nearly 25

per cent of the deaths in infants un-

der one year of age are due to whoop-

ing-cough, and tw0-thirds of these are

caused by broncho-pneumonia, which

often attacks the infant after it has

been weakened by whooping—cough.

VVhooping—cough is often the predis-

posing cause of tuberculosis.



VVhooping-cough is characterized by

catarrhal symptoms accompanied by

a peculiar spasmodic- cough from

which the disease gets its name. There

will be a series of short explosive

coughs during which the child can not

get its breath, followed by a long in-

spiration which gives the crowing

sound called the “whoop.” A mass of

mucus is usually expelled, when the

paroxysm of coughing will cease.

Sometimes vomiting accompanies the

coughing spells and often nose bleed.

In sever ecases the child is utterly ex-

hausted after each paroxysm and at

times the mind seems confused. The

number of coughing spells in a day

varies with the severity of the disease.

running from a half dozen in mild cas-

es to 50 in those of a more severe

nature.



In. some cases the distinguishing

“whoop” is never heard and the dis-

ease must be diagnosed by other char-

acteristics. A severe cough which con-

tinually grows worse instead of better

and will not yield to treatments, es-

pecially if accompanied by vomiting or

nosebleed or both, usually proves to be

whooping-cough. The average dura-

tion of the severe cough stage of the

disease is about one month, though it

often continues for three months. In

case the child contracts the disease in

the fall it often coughs until spring.



The cough may disappear for a few

days, only to break out anew with ev-

ery fresh-cold. Bronchitis and bron-

cho-pneumonia frequently accompany

the disease, especially in infants, and

convulsions are not. unusual. The run-

down condition of the child makes

pneumonia much to be dreaded.



Drugs have little effect on whoop-

ing cough, sanitary measures doing

more good than anything else. The

coughing spells are less frequent if the

child is in the fresh air than if in a

closed room, so that in warm weather

the best cure is the open air cure. In

winter, however, it is safer to keep in-

fants and delicate children. inside,

though older children may go out then

except on raw and windy days.





TH E i-MICHIGAN FA‘RM'ER





The disease is communicable and

the patient should be quarantined dur-

ing its entire course. It would be bet-

ter, if possible, to send other children

away from home and let the patient

have the freedom of going from room

to room, since a change only of rooms

is often of great benefit. The rooms

used by the patient should be thor-

oughly aired frequently, and occasion—

ally fumigated.



With infants bowel disturbances ac-

company whooping-cough in summer

and are as much to be dreaded as pul-

monary complications in winter. The

feeding problem, too, is complicated,

as the sight of food often induces vom-

iting and the child becomes weakened

by lack of nourishment. '



DEBORAH.





THE LIVING-ROOM.





 





BY CHARLOTTE BIRD.



The present higher prices of build-

ing materials, coupled with a more or

less unconscious reversion from ex—

travagance to a greater simplicity and

practicality, has put the old-time clos-

ed company parlor out of use. No long-

er is any room in the house kept care-

fully closed against the health—giving

sunlight and life’s daily uses, a room

whose sacred precincts are not to be

profaned on any occasion less import-

ant than a wedding or funeral or the

annual visit of the preacher‘s family.

Where callers are not quite intimate

enough to be ushered into the domes-

tic familiarity of the living-room, the

vestibule, suitably furnished, may

serve for the reception of the most

transient and formal calls. But today

the living-room answers most purposes

in the average home for a meeting

place for all who enter.





Being thus the great meeting center

of the home, the living-room should be

made the most cosy and satisfying

room in the house. Whether we are

conscious of it or not, the furnishings

of our rooms either rest or tire us,

they either jar us or put us into a state

of harmony. A room cluttered up with

a lot of useless bric-a-brac wearies us,

both in mind and body, while simplic-

ity of furnishing along with charming





color scheme cannot but rest, even a '





wearied mind.



One of the first essentials of any liv-

ing-room is plenty of light and a good

exposure to the unhindered sunlight.

Hence, there should be plenty of win-

dows, especially on the sunny sides of

the house. And the artificial lights

should be so placed that anyone may

read or work with the least possible

eye~strain.



For the walls one of the kalsomine

finishings would seem to be better

than paper. They are applied with a

strong disinfectant and there is noth-

ing behind them in which any germs

or insect life could lodge. These fur-

nishings are inexpensive and more eas-

ily put on than paper. Anybody with

a little physical exertion and common

sense can apply them and renew them

as often as desired. And the effect is

artistically beautiful.



For the living-room the wall finish

should not be too dainty in color; deli-





cate pinks and other perishable colors ,





should be reserved for the bed-rooms

where the wear is not. so severe. A

plain color should be selected and not

a figured paper, not even a paper with

a quiet figured border.



The ceiling should be finished with a

pale tint because this will reflect light

into the room. Straw color or a light

tan is very good. With this for the

wall one may combine green, terra cot-

ta or a light chocolate. These colors

are all restful so that one can live

with them daily. Then they have the

advantage of harmonizing beautifully

with the picture frames, But the green

in all shades has the fault of fading in

even an ordinary indoor light and so

is unsatisfactory.



All the colors of the restful living-

room should harmonize. If the ceiling

and walls are tan and light chocolate,

then the rugs and draperies also will





 





 





 

 

 

 





Electric Light

Safe and

Reliable





The world’s largest

distributors of electrical supplies

will put in your home a low—cost

electric lighting outfit that will give you,

bright, steady, safe electric light, and give

you power to run electric household labor-

savers. Electric light all over the house and in your

barns and outbuildings without the fire hazard of the oil

lamp and lantern, without work, just by pusning a button.

No knowledge of electricity is necessary. This wonderful





Western Electrtb

Farm Lighting Plant





'E' is complete when it comes to you— just as here illustrated—gen-

erator, storage batteries and switchboard. It can be placed any-

where that is convenient for hitching up to your gas engine. Run

your engine a few hours twice a week and it will generate and store

up in the batteries all the electricity you need. Costs little or

nothing to maintain, except for engine fuel. No trouble. No danger.

Guaranteed by the makers of the Bell telephones. Paste the coupon on

l ' a postcard and address it to our nearest house for illustrated booklet.





WESTERN ELECTRIC

COMPANY





Klrby Ave. and Doqulndro St. 500 S. Clinton SI.

Detroit, Mich. Chicago, Ill.

EQUIPMENT FOR EVERY ELECTRICAL NEED





MAIL US THIS COUPON





 





 





 





WESTERN ELECTRXC COMPANY:

Please send me, AT ONCE. illustrated booklet, No. MF-lé.

on your Electric Farm Lighting Plant.





Name





 





P. 0 Address





 





9n”





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





En“, . 0U cannot improve upon the value of ':

‘c‘me m “old-fashioned-quality" shingles preserved ‘

Bundles and stained by our new process.



Croo- , i“ ”



ma. <CREO'DIPT



Stained STAINED SHINGLES





   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





 





17 Grades 16. l 3, 24-inch 30 colors

Write for Book of Homes and Sample

Colors on W





Name of Architect and lumber dealer appreciated.

STANDARD STAINED SHINGLE CO.





. , . l, 1006 Oliver Street, North Tonawondo. N. Y.

’ FACTORY IN CHICAGO FOR WESTERN TRADE





Millions of Trees

PLANTS, VINES, ROSES, ETC.





The oldest, largest and most complete nursery in

Michigan. Send lor catalog. Prices reasonable.





I. E. lLGENFRlTZ’ SONS CO.,

The MONROE NURSERY. Monroo. l'IIch.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





<., " - MALONEY TREES

0: Buy direct from our catalogue at





wimlcsnlo¢l€s the safe way. you are

protected. by the absolute guarantee of

the actual grower—Fruit Trees A; Orna-

mantols grown in our Nursery. the

largest in New York, are the finest we

have over produced in 32: yearn. Send

today for big free wholesale catalogue

illustnted. in colors. Moloney

Bros. 8: Wells Co. 100 Main

St., Dansvllle, N.Y.Danuville' 9

Pioneer Wholesale Nurserlos.





PLANT SSHRUBS



Plants for the Home Garden. Buy direct

from Green. and pay wholesale prices.

We have dealt square for 36 years, and

we are going to keep on. Strong‘ .

_ rooted,healthyApple Peach Pear~ .’ '

‘ all fruit trees, small fruits. l’lants, -

i .. Shrubs. Write torcatalog andbook‘ ,2



{. “How I Made the Old Farm Pay.’ .\



snamnuumcomwnamm. .





PEAGH&APPLE





 





 





 





 





 





Plant Trees, Grown at





a .





If ~".°“ want vigorous. hardy stock, if you want reliable

varieties, if you want reasonable prices and stitisl‘ae.

tinn with your purchase. send for a catalog and HPCuW

mur trees and plants from





Tllli MICHIGAN NURSERY COMPANY





Winkworth a Sons Monroe ll . .

Growers foi- Slxty-oeven Yhanifmflu





FRUIT TRE “D "W “’5





MAKE THEM





For 30 years our True to Label Trees have been find'

ing their way into Michigan Orchards. They have

made good as proven by men who are Fruiting





E E E :c & u p Them. Our book on Spraying, Priming, Selection





Pear, Plum, Chen Small F it . St b V' , ' . ' ' ‘

an“. etc. GEN on e HALE Blinder) gymeaarliinzej. gfigf‘g‘et’ei' em" W111 when“ you. NS free mm

a. 3. file a son, an: st, llama, I. v.





HALE TREES. Genuine DeliciousA ples. CahFree.

2 Yr.Apple Trees, 6 to 7 it. $12.00 per 100





 





 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





Ténumununv 00., Box 4: c olond.‘l'onn.





OLESA

3w oyrg mums.

ands 1





 





our , .

Get the ES 0 cts or und Thousands of. peach, pear, plum. cherry andquinoe and

' all small fnntu at w locale prices. Cato] free.



WE 2? 130% LEV? (5,0,5 ££E¥g§§agfio§nfiaur Jno. W'. Finn's Wholesale Nurseries. Da‘nsviloleg, N. Y.





 





I" l . S '

aco E o.(mwsx)Coiree"sԤeciunsts





 





 





cpt.‘ 7, 2855-15? W. Madison St, CHICAGO.





luntlon Michlm Farmer when was; in ammur:
252—28





 





cyclone Season Near





81,000,000 oi Cyclone losses in the

Sluts of Michigan in the Year 1913





This Company paid out $272,000

of losses in the year 1913. It has

paid during the past five years 9,539

losses and a total of $435,358 to peo-

ple who have had their buildings

wrecked in the State of Michigan.

The Company has about 40,000

members, and $86,000,000 of asses-

sable capital. The Company has

made only six assessments in nine-

teen years; thirteen out of the nine-

teen not a single dollar collected by

assessment from any member of

this Company. No assessment was

made in the year 1915, and yet the

Company had on hand January 1st,

1916, about $80,000 in cash.



There are about one hundred mutual com-

panies in Michigan covering fire. insurance;

they save the farmers of Michigian about

$1,000,000 over the cost in stock companies

each year. The saving in cyclone insurance

is much greater. Because of our large mem-

bershipiwith only one overhead expense,

mutual insurance against cyclone, in our

Company, on account of the low cost and

efficient service, has appealed to the farmers

and business men of every section of the

State.



The many cyclones and tornadoes which

have ruine people in nearly every part of

the State should be a warning to you.



Insure your property whether it be in the

city or country, in a safe (‘ompanyz



The cost of a policy of $2,000 is only $4.50.



See our agent in your locality at once, or

write C. II. Rood, See. State Mutual Cyclone





 





 





 





 





 





Insurance Company, La peer, Mich.





BA I6! The Price





I have shot prices to places. My Kentucky Rival an

$33.33 is the year’s buggy bargain. For a low-pric

ed buggy it can’t be beat. Made

in my special factory and sold on





30-DAY TEST

and under two year’s work-

manship and material guar-

antee. You can actually try

this bargain buggy before

you close tho deal. If it Isn’t





   





 





£12"?! '5:- m""’3-?‘





 





right you need not keep it .‘A. -— . V .



and Yolur more); its as safest}: “Qa‘\‘ ‘A‘i‘

oug you ep .



in your pocket . . . $338- up ‘ 4 ' “





This is one bargain. You’ll find hundreds of other:

If you get my book of





BOIION’S 22%;» BUGGIES





Genuine straight grain, second growth Kentucky

split hickory. Full wrought doub e strength gears. ‘

French head. French point springs. The easiest rid-

ing, finest, most elegant buggies ever offered. All

sold at factory-to-you prices that save youm to :50.





6 0 - DAY TR! A 3:323:31





It the "Blue Grass" is unsatisfactory, I’ll make it

right. Material and workmanship guaranteed lorlife.

Get my prices on harness and pony vehicles and bar-

ness. All sold under bond-backed guarantee.





l9l6 BUGGY

BARGAIN BOOK FREE

Illustrated In colors fro hotogrlphs—





200 pages. Full of valuab e buggy infor-

mation. Write for your free copy to-





n. 'r. Bolton





205 Ilaln St. larrodsbnrg. Ky.





 





 

   





   

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

   

   

 

 

   

   

   





 





 





 





 





—





— FRESH FROZEN

Winter Caught Herring

W ' ‘1 d





 





c will deliver at your

’ oor by parcel post 8

pounds of dressed and

scaled herring, ready for

the frying pan for





$1.00





or l2 pounds Round herring for





$1.00





3 or 7 pounds smoked herring ready to eat for

' $1 00 Three boxes for $2.75. Fish



° Guaranteed to arrive in good

condition. Offer good to April Ist. Send

cash. money order or check. Do It Now!





The Ranney Fish Co.,

West 11th St., Cleveland, 0.





   

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





See Your My Profits Grow "





Proper, even speed in separating your cream

15 absolutely necessary to prevent waste. .

If your turning varies-«he tests of richness fluctu- a

ate and the size of the check coming in is uncertain. g, a

The Seeley-Shafer /’§’. ’

S P E E D O M E T E R ‘

For Cream Separators

Is sensitive to quarter turn too fast

or slow. No thinking or counting neces-

sary—the Seeley Shafer Speedometer is

accurate, simple. safe. Easily attached. \

eeds no adjustment, Thoroughly

Dust proof. Fully guaranteed.

Saves Its Cost in a Short Time

Price only $7.50. Sent on receipt of express or

money order. Folder sent on request. State make

of machine and number of revolutions per minute.





The Seeley-Shafer Co.,

IO. Bulll Block Dotrolt. Michlgln





 





. Always mention the Michigan Farmer

when writing to advertisers.





 

 





THE MICHIGAN FA’RMER





have these as predominating colors.





The window curtains may be a light

tan with chocolate «borders. They

should be sheer in weave and so made

as not to obscure the light.



Certain furnishings go with every

well appointed living-room. Easy cha

well appointed living-room. Easy

chairs in plenty are indispensable.

There must be a comfortable sofa with

a real pillow somewhere within easy

reach. On this at any hour any mem-

ber of the family may drop down for a

ten minutes’ rest. Window seats look

cosy and all that, but what tired per-

son ever feels moved to drop down on

one for a genuine relaxation of over-

worked muscles? If he tried, he could

not get the relaxation. This sofa may

be as fine or as inexpensive as the

owner may choose. It may be of cost-

ly leather or only a cot, daintily drap-

ed, and ten to one the cot will be the

more restful. Whatever is selected,

must imperatively fit every square inch

of a tired back.



There must also be a table about

which the family may cluster. Near

it should be a magazine stand; inex-

pensive ones are now made of wicker.

This will save the housekeeper the

daily necessity of gathering up all the

papers and magazines and arranging

them neatly on the table. The living

room should have also a well supplied

writing desk with every convenience

at hand for quick letter writing. It

should be a kind to shut up and keep

its contents out of sight.



In a furnace-heated house a grate

fireplace may not be an urgent neces-

sity. But on stormy days and dismal

evenings it certainly would contribute

mightily to the comforting sense of

cosy hominess. Then between seasons

it would serve the practical purpose

of taking the chill off the unheated air

indoors. '



The furnishings of the living-room

need not be expensive but they should

be tasteful and therefore restful, be-

cause the livign-room is the home’s

heart in the family life.





A GOOD ROAST FROM A TOUGH

CUT.





 





An excellent roast may be made

from a very tough cut of beef by the

following method:



Select a thick cut of the lower round

or any other portion that is without

bone (this should be three or four

inches thick). Pound flour into the

meat on both sides (about one and a.

half cups of flour can be pounded into

a three or four—pound piece). The

pounding breaks up the fibre and the

flour retains the juices. Sear the meat

all over and place in a roaster. Pour

the contents of a can of tomatoes over

the meat. Onions and other season-

ings may be added, according to taste.

Cook slowly. This makes a tender

roast and excellent gravy. It also is

very good when sliced cold.———N. D. EX-

periment Station.





A PLEA FOR THE BIRDS.





BY MAE Y. MAIIAFFY.



In this day of nature study there are

very few of us, I take it, who have not

learned to love the birds, not only for

their beauty of song or color, but for

their humanizing influence upon life.

And, too, we appreciate their economic

value, and realize a need for protec-

tion. This is evidenced clearly in the

various Farmers’ Bulletins issued by

the government, and in the various

laws which have more or less recently

been evoked in their behalf. There is,

however, one feature of the spring

work upon the farm which always fills

me with terror when I think of the

danger to so many of our birds which

it causes. This is the burning off of

the land of old stubble or weeds late

in the spring. All too often weather

conditions have not allowed much farm

work up to the time when our birds

are the busiest little home-makers

imaginable, and with no thought of the

numerous happy families he will break





 





up the farmer sets fire to the field. If





the grown birds themselves are not in-,





jured their work is destroyed, their

eggs ruined, and the nest-building must

begin all over, cutting out at least one

brood for the season in most instances.



A great deal of this work is done in

the fall, and then no such danger ex-

ists for the birds, and when this is im-

possible can we not try to accomplish

such tasks before our birds are engag-

ed in their nest-building? Some of

them commence work very early, even

the latter part of March, but a major-

ity are not busy until in April or May.

Let us, then, get busy with our fields

as soon as the snow disappears, and

not wait until these little builders have

pre-empted much of the territory in

their trusting, fearless way.





“A bird’s nest. Mark it well, within,

without,



No tool had he that wrought, no knife

to out,



No nail to fix, no bodkin to insert,



No gluel to join: his little beak was





a .

And yet how neatly finish’d What





nice hand,



With every implement and means of

art,



And twenty years’ apprenticeship to

boot



Could make me such another ?”





—Hurdis.

SHORT CU—TS TO HOUSEKEEPING.





Mrs. C. E. P., Baldwin, Mich—Write

to the Department of Agriculture,

Washington, D. C., and ask them if

they have bulletins giving information

along the line you desire.



Here is a brown bread recipe I think

the “best ever.” One cup wheat flour,

two cups corn meal, two cups graham

flour, one cup dark brown sugar, one

cup raisins, one cup currants, three

cups buttermilk, two teaspoons soda,

just rounded, one and a half teaspoons





salt. Steam two hours and bake one

hour. This is fine hot or cold—Mrs.

F. L. S.





 





MICHIGAN FARMER PATTERNS.





Our latest Fashion Book, containing

illustrations of over 400 designs of

ladies’, misses’ and children’s gar-

ments in current fashions, also newest

embroidery designs, and a concise and

comprehensive article on dressmaking

which gives valuable hints to the

home dressmaker, will be sent to any

address upon receipt of ten cents.





 





No. 1584—Child’s Sleeping Garment.

Cut in 5 sizes, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 years.

It requires 34-yard for the hood and

3% yards for the robe of 27-inch ma-

terial, for an eight-year size. Price 100.



No. 1569—Ladies’ Shirt Waist. Cut

in six sizes, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42 and 44

inches bust measure. It requires 314

yards of 36—inch material for a 36-inch

size. Price 10c.



No. 1568—Ladies’ Costume. Cut in

six sizes, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42 and 44 inch-

es bust measure. Size 36 will require

6% yards of 44-inch material. The

skirt measures about 3%; yards at its

lower edge. Price 100.



No. 1583—Cut in six sizes, 34, 36, 38,

40, 42 and 44 inches bust measure. It

requires six yards of 44-inch material

for a 36-inch size. Price 100.





 





gro .

' cabin to star and puzzle designs;





FEB. 19. 191a





 





Shop in Chicago

on State Street





the world’s reatest business thoro-

fare under ashion’s rule. Shop by

mail at Mandel Brothers’, one of

Chicago’s greatest stores.





HERE a special that shows

what Mandel mail service

really provides:





This silk chiffion

taffeta frock 11-15





,. w» First you





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Direct , ---. notice it is

to you ; '«r’ r a style that



y you have

parcel not seen before

polt, .—of course not, for

and all it 15 new as can be

shipping ~- and shown in only

charge: ,5 the great fashion

prepaid. j centers.





, It has a delight-

,. fully becomingap-

pearance of youth

about it, and

may be worn

- to equal ad-

vantage by





woman

or miss





The large

silk col-

lar is in

contrast-

ing

shades,

and a

varied

list of

charms

are to no

seen in

the smart vestee,

the modish sash,

the belt, of self-

rnaterial, the, new

notched cuffs and

the. full-fl aring

skirt. with its re-

minder of "pannier days.” The taffeta in

navy blue, light blue or black. Sizes 14. 16

and l8—for misses; sizes 34 to 44—for women.





Free subscription to

Mandel’s Magazine





This famous'I periodical will bring

you entertaining stories—~valuable

household information by noted wo-

man writers—splendid pictures and

clear descriptions of smartest modes

of women’s, misses’ and children’s

outfittings—new fabrics—styles and

novelties with which you can be the

best-dressed woman in your set, and

for less money than you might pay

for “just ordinary mail-order mer-

chandise.”





Handel‘s Magazine free to women Who

write Department V—





Mandel Brothers

Chicago





   





No. 906

$11.75





 





 





 





 





Just





,x





 





'

you my big free book of nifty new

1916 buggies._ I want you to see

the stunning rigs and the bargains

I am offering this season at trees

that [save you from $20 to $40. hmk

of it! You can now gist a light-running.

. easy riding, long te, genuine,





SPLIT HICKORY ;

and up. Guaranteed

$39-25 2 years. Remember I

a give 30 days tree road test to



,_ prove the quality. Catalog shows .

undreds of other snappy styles



1 -— all at money saving prices. .

Write forthe big Free Book today.





 

   





 

 

   

 





   

 

 

 

 

 





\\\





ll. 0. Pholno. Pr...



, THl-Z OHIO CARRIAGE um co.

Station”, . Columbus, Ohio]

(1 PRAO‘I'IOAI. CROCHET BOOK.

) Every stitch full illns‘

tro descri . Corns

plete directions for main

mg ed lugs. insertions.

aby cap, collars.



, towels. etc., latest

t in crochet books.

(2) Practical Tawny

,, = Book! contamin full in-

.v . - istrnctions and il pstrates

position of hands & shuttle, many edg-mgs. insertions & a

real: man other attractive articles. ( ) Quilt Pattern

ook. 45 ‘ ’., ,Mntnms the r

prettiest, queerest, scarcest. most

tesque patterns. from old log





\





 





 





/





also nilting designs. crozystitch-

, 4 k of Croog Stitch

contains hundreds of designs .& 4

cross stitch alphabets: beautiful

and easy to do. Any one of the

books and our large catalog of

fancy work, patterns. etc. . mailed

for 151: or any two books 284:.

Dealers supplied. No stamps.

LADIES' ART co.. Block 90.





 





 





 





 





81'- LOW‘. MO.





if
E'I'





 





1”





5*:





.m may...





A‘s-1:...





 





 





FEB. 19, 1&16.



F ' '

ceding



N the summer the farm hen usually



has a good range 'where the bugs



and worms are collected which

constitute the necessary animal food.

In the Winter this supply is lacking

and if the flock produces winter eggs

and keeps in good condition for the

spring breeding it will be necessary to

feed a certain amount of animal food

along with the grain ration and the

mash.



On the average farm skim-milk is

looked upon as too good for the hen. It

is the best possible substitute for beef

scrap and if the flock is properly hous-

ed‘ there is no animal on the farm

which will pay better for the skim-

milk than the hen. If the milk is al—

lowed to sour the lactic acid germs

have the power of destroying certain

disease germs in the digestive tract.

Any food that acts as an agent to pre-

vent disease is worth more than a

cure. It is preventing poultry diseases

and not curing them which builds up

strong vigorous flocks.



it Pays to Feed Animal Food.



From the Missouri Experiment Sta-

tion, Prof. H. L. Kempster reports that

a pen of fowls which received no ani-

mal food produced 945 eggs in a year.

The pen fed on beef scrap laid 1,802

eggs, while the sour milk pen produc-

ed 1,783, which almost equalled the

beef scrap pen. On our farm beef





THEFMzI-CHIIGAN FAVRMER





and reminds you of tainted or spoiled





meat it is no good and should be dis-

carded. The color should be light, if





dark colored it denotes poor quality;





Dried blood is sometimes substituted

for beef scrap but it is more concen-

trated and not so good for the flock.

In purchasing beef scrap it pays to

buy it in fairly large quantities if there

is a good place to store it. Poor stor-

age facilities mean that it must be pur-





chased in small quantities as used, in;

order to have it clean and fresh. Beef ;

scrap in itself is a very narrow ration,

and should always be fed in combina-.





tion with other materials.

selling beef scrap usually furnish the

formula for a good ration, but often

these recommend a higher percentage

of beef scrap than is necessary, and it

is recommended that the breeder study

the bulletins of the experiment sta-

tions concerning poultry rations. Sev-





eral very excellent bulletins on balanc-.1





ed rations for poultry have ben pub-



lished and practically everv state ex-



periment station can furnish the poul-



try breeder with a collection of very



food literature on poult1_\ feeding.

Feeding Cut Bone.





Green cut bone contains a large





The firms E‘





amount of protein and mineral matter?

and is thus an excellent egg food. It:

should not be fed in large quantities:





and not more than one-half ounce per=





 





 





 





The Poultry House on Posts is Becoming Popular Because it Makes Certain

Dry Conditions in the House.





scrap is an expense and has to be

hauled from the city, while sour milk

is a home product. By feeding sour

milk to the hens they receive animal

food at a small expense and doubtless-

ly there will be little diflerence in the

egg production of the average flock

whether on the beef scrap or the sour

milk. Prof. Kempster recommends the

following ration, included with the

sour milk: “Corn, four parts; wheat,

two parts; bran middlings, one part;

corn meal, one part.” The sour milk

is fed separately at the rate of two

and one-half gallons per 100 hens.

They are also given from 19 to 25

pounds of the grain ration per day.



Undonbtedly two and one-half gal-

lons of sour milk per day will be about

right for 100 hens, although some feed-

ers give the flock all they will eat and

it seems to cause no trouble. The

grain ration must be modified some-

what by local conditions. For instance,

the farmer with a small flock has some

table scraps which may be combined

in a mash and the flock which is al-

lowed to range at times during the

winter will pick up considerable food,

especially if they are allowed access

to the barn and have a Iarge barn floor

for a scratching place. This floor is

usually somewhat cluttered with cld

ver heads andthe birds pick up a lot

of nourishing food in their scratching.



‘ Buying Animal Food.



Where the supply of milk is limited

some beef scrap will be necessary in

the ration. Buy this product of reli—

able dealers and test: it. Pour boiling

water over a handful of it and note

the odor. If it has a sweetish odor it

is all right, if the odor is sickening





bird each day is usually recommended.

W'hen green cut bone is scarce it is us-

ually better to obtain the protein and

mineral matter from oyster shells and

beef scrap. Some breeders cut their

supply of green cut bone with a power

cutter and in cases where it is possi-

ble to obtain a large amount of bone

for a small price this is a cheap way

of obtaining a lot of fine poultry food.

The fowls thrive on green cut bone

but it must be fed sparingly. Hand

bone cutters are sometimes used suc-

cessfully on the farm but where the

bone is plentiful at times and scarce

at all other seasons, there is a ten-

dency to feed too much and then omit

it. altogether. This leads to serious

digestive disorders.



In feeding for eggs there are many

rules and rations that have proven

successful at, the different experiment

stations and every breeder works out

a ration eventually which he likes bet-

ter than any other. Poultry food is

seemingly growing higher every year

and poultry products are also bringing

more money. It follows that it is pos-

sible for the breeder to make more or

lose more than he could have made or

lost ten years ago. The breed, range,

number of fowls, local prices for feed

and the home supply all enter into the

making of the hen’s ration. The farm-

er who can raise his own grain and

feed plenty of sour milk has a fine

grip on the business. By studying ra-

tions and purchasing a few necessary

ingredients he can turn moderate pric-





ed grain and milk into high priced,





eggs, and do it consistently during ev-

ery season of the year.





Ingham Co. R. G. KIRBY.





 





 





Big Cash Profits E“





 





29-453





Week

hicks





 





Write me fordotaib showing how beginners with Bane City 9%“ make 310 to





325 a week on day-old clu'clu.

41v m mamooy





Jim Rahal.

Pres.





SEND for my new by free boo/la, “Hatching Facts,” today.

whole wonderful story told by the winners themselves.

proofs—particulats—shows 100 actual photographs of prize-winning

hatches-gives full description and great big illustrations of incubator

and broodcr in actual colors. tells you why World's Champion' 15—-

”Au outfit made for Marching that ”102’ 5 no mrh Ming as marching."

402,000in use— —the kind used by the U. S. Government and leading

Agricultural Colleges—the kind that won thebold Lined Silver‘ ‘Ty cos"

Cup—the kind that will win big success and cash profits for you.





Belle City harms.





“Add a money-making charm to Me poorly paying farm"

My book. “Hatching Facts.” shows money-making

opportunities for every man, woman, boy or girl.

With it comes my lzwprz'ce-same as last year—freight

prepaid—my 1—2»3-months’ home test—my ten-year





personal money-back guaranty—my





$1300.00 GOLD OFFERS





Condition: so easy anyone may reca've biggest m





Biggest Chance Anvone Ever Had to

Make Em Money with a Hatching Outfit





Learn how I paid one Belle City user $156.25. another

.00, two others each $45.00 and many others from

.Wdown. Learn how thousands have made big



hatches and cash profits with my 25 Times World’s



Champion Belle City Incubator—how my World



Famous Belle City Brooder saves the chicks and





raises ecthe tpercentage—-how you can mak e them





money out o Poultrvt this year whether you go into it on slings





or a small scae Wmt 0 me today. Address Jim Room





Belle City Incubator 60.. Box F14 Roche. Wis.

"Simply beats the fickens how it hatches out the chickeno’ ’





ltioavcryoimple, oatywqytomake money.

boyorgirlcmdoitbyfollowingmyplanmdmingm





(golds





”In 25 World’ : Craziest Malclzc: Belle Cz‘ly Won W'z't/z Perfect Hatches”





 





The

Book gives all facts—





Iy Great Book on

Chicken I

-Gel I





 

 

 

 

 

 





till?





twin





   

 





 





Bee Keepers Supplies





Bee Hives, Sections, Comb found-

ation Smokers. etc. Agents for

Root bee sup lies in Mithigan.

Thoroughbred tallan Bees a n d

Queens for sale. Fruit growers supplied

with tomplete outfits. Send for 1916

catalog Beeswax wanted 286 cash or

30: in trade delivered here.





I. I. m 8 Son. Box 525,1.umnt, Michigan,

BLUST‘ERING winds and rainy weather mean Roup.





Keep Conkcy' s 301111 Remedy in the drinking water.

501: postpaid. Conkey 00., Cleveland 0111





IE P" 38! A '0'"! SALARY





our anagnm-mntood 8poultry and stock powders.

“I. mm. X ”8, mo ILL”.





 





 





 





PM"? .





Single comb Whit: interns

W Glitch I [as to win





Cheap feeds, free range. bulk of work of handling

the dock in winter when the farmer is least

occupiwed makes poultry raising doubly attractive

and profitable for the farmer. 0111' stotk bred





for floor and eg production makes raising easy ,





and profit. 11. Just a word about our mat-

ing: Every male bird used in our breeding pens

has been sired by males out of 200 cu hens or

better. W e. are otfering 1 hit ks and eggs for





hatching from these males mated to large, \ igor- '





011s, coil -maturing females at very reasonable



prices. we thousand chicks per week. Absolute



satisfaction, full count. and safe delivery ran-



teed 01111.11 orders Vie are booking or ers for



eorlg spring delive1yWrite us for prices and

t or particulars.





Hillandalo Poultry Farm,





 





Items! Bros" Prop!" East Lansing. Mich.

3m R9001 COCK FIRELS large, farm

raised from rize winning flock





60.ch hot 5. 3.1 .BARNL , Union City, Mkicla‘.I





I I l I ‘l ”unis—200 big Ahggy Kilfnrousbirds





W. C Coflmm. R.3. Benton rbor, Mich.





i. W“ The notedcgtize strain. Grand

Breeding kerels for sale, $3



ece. two forfi. Also selected pens £01 breeding.

P aim iew Stock and Dairy Farm. Romeo, Mich.





IG- Beautiful Hen hatched Barred Plymouth Rocks

sold on approval 52 to $3 each. (4 lemales and male





mMood layers. Circulars and photos. John

I?“ h RC. Rhode Island Reds. S. C. White

. Leghorns, Eggs 5c each, stock in season.

I. (1.0!! St. Johns. Mich” I. No. 7.





Gmimlorlhcml’mg finin 3...... “mm





Roe ks. Have won

many prizes. Some nice ”Cookerelb and Pullets for sale.

Write for prices. Dan-1W .Cousins. Northpon, Mich.





UPF LEGHORNSC-Cockexels,





anythingo a wish' in But

11111113 strain. Dr. William Smrth Petersburg.Mich.





Cl 1 I M U" :15 w 1”. Si)lver,_ “Whiovgand

douse. White Leghorn Oheiclmmp am: “a? 1711;:

and Rouon Duckli 1w fie A





 





 





 





Norflwmflamllfich.





 





 





 





ulglotc, hen: or

Great.





 





l.

. POULTRY FARM R. No. M Phoenixvmo. Po.





. CNS.





We ship thousands each.h season Ten

varieties, Ancena' am 3; him drofh‘fmm

booklet. Fm Hatchery. 30:12 from





 





fio 3365:0125, 10333.53.





EGGS.S W. Leghorn good as offered 14' 1

eggs $100, time-gas $21.10 Catalog l'e.rc

I. “YER . Jr.. “out“. filth l1.-





' —200 Egg Strain. One customer's

Fflms “Kilo?” fl0( k averaged 102 eggs in six winter

mos , another 181 eggs in 10 mos. ., another 199 eggs in

1‘: mos. You can do as well. Eggs. chicks, breeding

stot k fiom hens with records up to ’64 oggfi. Prize

winners at. largest shows. Prompt shipment prices low

Want; guaranteed. White horns amber-rt for-egg.



a raise thousands. Free cam 01: and price?e list gives

pfil‘ti‘ ulgmelirito ({or it now dealin~

t ousan s o ease customerslb ERR 1nLLGHOR

FARM. 9911311011. GR DBAPIDS MICE





 





I a few Bull Rock (locks and



F“ wk mam! Cookerels at Sleuth Hens and

nlletsfl. 50 each. Blue Orpm 011:, both sexesSZ each.

lust he sold before February th.“ inner-s at Chicago,

3‘12, 13‘ 14 and 16 Bird LaunFarm.Law1-ence,Mich.





WOULEI’SB DUFF ROCKS. “sets:





In to Holland Turkey 'Ioms 35; hens $3

FOWLER. Hartford, Michigan.





FOR SALE _ Mammoth Bronze Ton

Turkeys. Large Bone, Fine



Marking. Price each. Farm at Nunica Mic



Address Mrs.W. Burch. 6634 Newman-d Ave. Chicago.





 





 





 





LIGHT Brahmas: Haveale‘wchoicocookerela “$2.50

193210.” Booking orders for at: $1 for 15. MRS.

0.], oad‘ing, Michigan.





I" Ill'il Toms $6: Hone :4. l‘ and

M “2' I ’3 Vl'hito Ind dian £53303.

White egg strain. 31 each. Collar Bros,Conk; 13.154111“ I. x.





 





AMMOTE Bronze Tim-keys Mammoth Toulouse Geesomd

B. P. Rock and S. C. Wino horn Cooker-sis. Berknliirosmofil





 





madcap. 'oStock arm, Marloste.Mich R l.

. 1 5t

h” and M roost, vigorous birds





stir in,

after Feb. 1315., baby ch ckn later. orMeggs.“ a ILeIEgIss

ROUGH. Pine' Crest Fm. Royal Oak, Mlehlgm.





ll. l, lads, Boil limbs, loci Mrm ml.”





Baby Chicks. Write form on

I§¥E2LhAIES gARM. Box 3. Lawrence, Mic-M3110;





RHODB ISLAND REDS and PLYMOU TH ROCKS.

fishbwmlbo. mrdinztommfltoifi Sink I! he"

woicficfitomlbo. «gunman» RR. emisnrm

Mm moth Bronco Tom'lurkeys 8m 38 lbs. according

.E. Brampton Von-or. Mich





 





 





 





maoflmrmc aches-else andbobeh

R. W. Emden Genders, 3.0 3:81:11. Fm: 3533'

Prices reasonable. 0. E. Bowley, Mm. Mich





Rose Comb Imm ngltorn 1!. [math Min lluck





E 39. ersetti &3 1'1“). W. MGee

wish. p UfiyA a113, "amiable. figh‘en“





RAISE Anconss or Leghoorng “There's am "





circulai will explain StUI'tevsant 81:8 _

Crest. Poultry Farm, Ypsilanti Ons Hillr





W “M and WhiteI Wyandottec. First prize

winners 3111 onia. Choice eockerels rea-

sonable. Sondhcirculvr. C. W. Browning, R. 2. Portland. Mich.





 





 





C. B. Minorcas Cockerals and Pullets. , P

8- strain. .0 redSowsandi flan pigs. E‘lng {333

with quality. R. W. rims. Slime. 311111.





“I“ W White Wyandottes. both funu and

utility& a. n wee Jlot: otcockerels for sale.

Satisfaction guaranteed. WJ Bremen, Ohio.

11 fine lot, male and female at





White?! am 10,, me and





wants. DA RAY. 2112 Forest. Ave... Ypsilanti “Joli”





EGGMM m. k From 5OBred-to-m stock.

A





Y POULTRY .nagcm“ Marshall, icn.





 





 





 





 





 





ceases” wiitii'fifififli we saw "Elem «atomic... .2333 8.3.3,...

88.0 m.

13%?“ 9.0099: ”modifit bych‘cum‘ifige Mgfi" A. Fm mmxrn, mum- Michigan

Wyandottes Boston's strain. t W: an

ran... “my: transients" 1““ Wk 3.... a, M 1m: Wk...” 32% 2...

' K an guineasH FEostetlHer K1,.8t. Johnu,Mich. VERN M E a on! L





 





EGGS for Hatching. Park’s zoo-egg strain barred

WPlYm‘outh Rocks. 15-31330: 25-3150; 30433.0

50. J. E. Grimm Con-kiln Mich





 





l’ckiomdlolcnnrfies





or .7

Sher-Hun Pbuftry Yards. Sficfldfll. ag:zfim
Wins in the Two





Contests Ever Held





Why take chances with untried machines when for only





M010 we guarantee to deliver safely. all freight charges paid





East or Rockies) BOTH of these big rim winning ma.





chines full; equipped. set up ready or use! Why not

own an Ironclad -—the incubator that has for two

years in succession won in the greatest hatching

contests ever held. In the last contest conducted by

Missouri Valley tamer and Nebraska Farm Journal.

2000 machines were entered. including practically every





make. style and price.





With no egg Ironclad—the





same machine we offer with Broader. freight id. for

only 010. Mrs. C. F. Merrick, Lockney. Texas. hategl’ied 148





3.,” .. _.

IdO-EGG .1 g

lronc lad Balvanlzed Iron “

g} Incubator ltliesios ;





3;" Don’t class this “dwood ‘-

big, all metal nsulsieil Ilsa wig

. covered.depend- '

' able hatcherwith 10"."

“sheeplylfionstriic- Guarantee



mac nee. ronclads are not

covered with cheap tin or other {9'

322‘, getaIUand painlted like some



en 0 '

lronclads are ghegpzdlh'intlg :gmnmafilghalr

-you can see exactly what

gluy any incubator until

ote these Ironclad a



wood, bri I 1





egg y, X

en beller, self. reg later. Tycos em to

many other special vantages fully explaigzieinrhgle aat'allox





..





 





IRONCLAD INCUBA‘I’OR OOMPANY Bexll?





K'Both





‘ng. hrg: \

~hot water too heat. copper tan “ '-





ohicks from 148 eg go in the last contest.





30 DAYS’ FREE TRIAL

Money back it not satisfied.





for





$10





freight Paid,





'e East of Rockies ‘





/’F e

Chick

m m, Broader

. Write for It NDAY or order direct {rota this advertisement.





RACINE WIS.





 





THE MICHIGAN FAIRM’ER





STARTING THE lNCUBATOR.





If brooders or setting hens are ready

to take the chicks at hatching time the

incubator may be started with profit

as early as the first of February.

Chicks hatched during the months of

February and March bring the best

prices, besides the pullets from such





 





 





“LAWN PARK” COOP





Saves Your Chicks ——



The Wire. Park. which pullsput like adrawer gives



hen and chicks fresh'grass. 811'. and sunshine uring



the day; closes at night and in storms. his coop



meets ever demand: portable. With removable floor



for easy ceamng; roomy, light. durable. sanitary.

— ‘





 





 

 

 

 





 





Against

awksJiais

Weasel:,oic'





Made of galvanised metal: repels vermin. Size. open.

18 in. x 24 in. x 48 in. Pays for itself in chicks and labor

saved. Write today for free-circulars. special prepaid

offer and how to turn work into pleasure and profit.

CYCLONE MFG. 00.. DEPT. L: URBANA. IND.

_——_—_—__





       





 





 





 





S .25 Mankaio Incubator





0"" Grantee! otter ever made on incubators





and breeders. Get full story by sending for

big free book of the biggest incubator corn-

' pany oi the northwest. Prom tatieniion.. Qiiick





 





delivery. Strong guaranty. housands muse. »





end Your Name. Made of California

redwood. Triple wnlls. asbestos

. lined. Heavy pure copper tank.

Safety lamp. Strong egg tray.

Tested thermometer and every-

thing you need. Strong-

guaranty. Prices rock bottom.

Send your name today.





"ANKATO INCU'ATOR co.

Box 717 Menkato. Mlnn.





 

 





 





Comes set up.

Ready to use





 

 

     





 





 





Try It 30 Days 93%..





Youeantrythe Unite lncubltdr da s—n

money dlown-mo deposit. Our pegge foyrbotg

_ 4 (III INCUIATOI

.1... ($35!! ‘35 cmcxenoonen BOlII $9..

,‘ 2.2:” «0‘. Both covered with alvanlsed iron. cu-

""""""""""" ’ bator Hot Water; rooder Hot Air- ycoe

Thermometer, averythin aatisl'ac ry or

no pay. Cash price only $9.45. (10)

. THE UNITED FACTORIIS COWAHY

410 l'ac-torlee Bldg. chums. om.





" 10





tpai





 

 





 

 

 





—‘.~ pk-

,.





 





 

 





Foetal

. ‘Brlm





 





 





 





   

   





:éa





 





Egg lncubatorl

1319 Broader “£3."





. l '

g l Ordered together. Fret

‘ l east of Rockies. Hot wa- , .

r ter copper tanks. double walls, ,-

dead air space, double glass -_

- doors. all set up com lets. or





   





 

 





‘ 7" 1.

A.





 

 





 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 





 





gg cubator and Brooder 12.00

FREE Catai ue describing them. Send

for it TODA or order direct.





Wisconsin Incubator On... Box 106 Racing, Wis.





Tells why chicks die





E. J. Reefer, the poultry expert, 4382 Reefer Bldg.

Kansas City, Mo.. is ivmg awa free a valuable

book entitle . “White . iarrhoea an How. to Cure it."

This book contains scientific facts on white 'diarrhoea

.nd_tclls how to prepare a simple home solution that cures this

terrible disease over night and actually raises 98 per cent of

every hatch ' All poultry raisers should certainly write Mr. Reefer

{or one of these valuable FREE books.





 





 





 

 

 





Valuable laoépage datybook. Fact.- on

"owering death-rate. getting 100 r cent

hatches. highest ri ea etc. liusiratea

m rovedincumroilu. rItetoday. MODEL

..ugusaron co.. 15 Item St. eunaio.

M.V. Also 39 Barclay SL. aw I’ork (All!





$2.50 for 25 to 50 CHICK HOVER





Made of Galvanized Steel. Can be used

In any box. safe and durable. Hot water

meal All complete. ‘lncubator book free.



We make 73 different articles.





L

HENDELL INCUBATOR C0., Holly. Mich.





MONEY Ill POlllTll 3“" “m"

Get winter «22' absep

h i i . '



nun SOUABS as? an. 33:33::



New. Shows {owls In natural colors. ow to feed



(or cumulus be»: leyeramlana tor houaealull.



Omunll'oiiliryl-‘arnsjoi 51. Out lolnat. iota





PFILE’S 6 5 ' VARIET'ES





farm-raischand and Water-Fowls.Eggs

in season. Illus. Catalog, and “Grower’s

Guide." 20. An honest deal. VVrlte

today. H E N R V P F l L E. Farmer.

Peultrymen. Box 816. Freepert. Ill-





50 Best Paying Varieties

Hardy Northern raised Chickens.

— Ducks. Geese and Turkeys. Pure-

bred heaviestiayin strains. Fowis. Eggs.

Incubators. all at ow prices. Lar e new



300 d Brecdars' Com lete Gui e Free.





Poultry k an

N. A. WEB ER. In 914. ankaie. Minn.





SHOEMAKEB’S "P’O'llll‘l’ll’li

BOOK AND ALMANAO FOR IOIQ

. .Erégss:::aig}siammiasw-°‘

x mm" d'dbi“mii§§§£di”°i§§2§l§





 





 





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

   

   

   

 

 





   

 

 

   





One farm woman

writes her flock

of hens paid the

mortgage. She

made this big

profit simply by

scientific feeding.





Red Comb Poultry

Feeds, the scien-

tiflcfeeds,costless

tha'n to buy the





materials and mix

them yourself.

Ground of choice

whole grains. Cou-

taz'ns least gril—pcr-

cenlage guaranteed

on eat/z dag—710.971}

zf preferred. Write

for our free book.

“Feeding Poultry

for Profit."



EOWAROS I: lOOIIIS 00.

344-6 II. Elizabeth St.



CHICAGO



Mfrs. of the FamousLine

of Red Horn Dairy Feeds





 





 





Get our big

new 1916Com-

bination Offers

on Progressive

. GG Incubators and

5.10 R dy’qu . Breeders.

P " '1 derful bargains—built

from best materials with latest im-

provements. Only machine with hun-

dreds of dead air cc”: to protect eggs

against sudden changes.





. TAKES GUESSWORK OUT OF HOTCHIIIG





Many users report a chick from every hatchable

egg. Easy to run. Built of genuine California Red-

wood;Copper HotWater Heater;Dou hie-disc Regu~

lator; Double Doors; Safety Lamp; Tester, etc.





$ .85 siida'g'éifé’

l N cu BATOR’





No extras. Incubatorand Brooder both 09.86.

Freight paid east of Rockies. Money back

with 8% interest it machine doesn’tmake

good. Order from this ad or get Special

1916 Combination Offer and Free Poul-

try Book showing why the

Pro renlve: beat them

all or results.





Progressive Incubator Co.

Box 164 Racine. Wisconsin , -~





 





 





YOUR SUCCESS WITH POULTRY





My world-famous high-quality incu-

bators and breeders and my 20 Free

Poultry Lessons make success easy

and sure for you! Lessons given free

to every purchaser of a

if Incubator

sue CESSFUL ,, or Brood.’

Backed by 21 yearspf big successes and strongest

aranty ever written. Write me a ostal for

ook and prices. “Proper Care and ceding of

Chicks,Ducks 33nd Turkeys” sent for 10 cents.‘ Suc-

cessful”. Gram Sprout-

ers furnish green food—-

make hens lay in Winter.

Ask about my high-grade

poultry—all leading

varieties.

I. 8. filler-eat. Pres.





J DES MOMS INCUBATIIII co. ;

368 Second 8L. lies Helms. la. .





 





 





hatches make the best winter layers.

However, ihe incubator should never

be started until the proper facilities

‘are secured for brooding the chicks

after they are hatched. The same care

{should be used in selecting the brooder

Ias in buying the incubator. The writ-

ger’s experience is, that two brooders

should be used for each machine that

is in operation. The incubator should

be started the day before the eggs are

put in. For the first week it should be

kept going at 102 degrees, increasing

the heat one degree each week until

the hatch is over.



Before putting the eggs in the ma-

chine they should be dipped in warm

water to give moisture to begin with.

By adding forty drops of carbolic acid

to one gallon of water before dipping,





 





" ,all possible germs may be killed which





{might have adhered to the shells of

'the eggs. Every egg should be mark-

led on one side before putting them in

gi'he incubator so there will be no mis-

3take made when turning them. Morn-





‘ing and evening, after the first week,

, :the eggs





should always be turned,

,‘aired and cooled, and every time they

‘are turned ihese places should be

ichangcd to keep them evenly heated to

linsure a more uniform hatch. 0n the

seventeenth (lay the position of the

geggs should be changed, but do not

iturn them again, as turning at this

{time would cause some of the chicks

jto smother, as they are about ready to

3begin “digging out.” On the eighteenth

lday the eggs should be sprinkled with

lwarm water and the machine closed

.‘until the batch is over.



The newly hatched chicks should

not be allowed to drop into the nur-

sery below as the temperature in many

machines is several degrees lower

than that in the hatching tray, and too

cool to receive the little chicks still

damp and weak from their struggles to

get out of their shells. This would

rmean chilled or dead chicks later on.

'On the twenty-second day the chicks

Ishould be removed to their brooders,

ibut should not be fed until the next





 





day.

Eggs for filling the incubator should

receive the best of intention, and





should be gathered daily when the

weather is cool. They should not be

more than ten days old to. insure a

good hatch. Eggs for hatching should

be kept in a room where the tempera-

ture is as even as possible, and be

turned every day. If allowed to lie in

the same position the yolk will settle

to the lowest point, making them use-

less for hatching purposes. One per~

son should have the entire care of the

incubator and should closely follow the

fdirections coming with the machine.

gExperience counts much in operating

‘the incubator successfully, and if the

first effort is not crowned with suc-

cess, do not give up, but try again.

Illinois. Mus. S. E. MCCOY.





NESTS FOR THE l-iENS.





Now when the egg crop is increas-

ing, the number and kind of nests, and

where located, are important ques-

tions. It is common enough to find

.only a half-dozen nests for 75 to 100

hens. The hens seek nests about the

straw stacks and under buildings to

get away from the confusion caused by

so many hens crowding the same nest.

An insufficient number of nests means

broken eggs that may start the vice

of egg eating in a flock. When many

thens lay in a few nests and fight for

‘first place the eggs get soiled. It is





 





- more difllcult to keep nests clean, and





the eggs are kept warm enough by the

constant presence of the hens to start

incubation. One nest to every six hens





is a good proportion.

The time is near when it is a great





‘ FEB. 19/1916.





advantage to have separate nest boxes

that can be easily moved. When a

broody hen bobs up the hens and nest

may be taken up after dark and car-

ried to the place, where sitters are

kept, without disturbing her. And the

broody hen being used to her own nest

will be more likely to return to it than

to a new nest. It is easy to keep the

single boxes clean and sanitary, as it

is no trouble to take them out and

fumigate at frequent intervals. We do

not like favorite nests and we avoid

them by having all the nests very

much alike. And nest boxes should be

of a size to fit the hens. The smaller

breeds need smaller laying boxes than

the larger kinds. The Leghorn hens

like darkened nests. With any breed

the birds are more liable to form the

habit of egg eating when nests are

fully open to the light. Leghorns like

high nests, but larger breeds would

rather lay on the ground than try to

reach a high nest.



Inside nests are warmer and more

inviting at this season but we like to

have a few outside nests. It is a splen-

did plan at this time to clean out the

empty brood coops and’put boxes fill-

ed with clean nesting material in

them. The hens are quick to discover

and make use of them. When a hen

gets broody it is so easy to shut her

away from all disturbing influences.



Indiana. FRANFES Wimp.





FEEDING BEES AND RE-QUEEN-

ING.





I received in March, 1915, a colony

with three frames of bees from a bee-

keeper. The bees were so weak that

they could have easily gathered on

one frame. I used one of my strong

swarms last spring to build it up by

giving it frames of brood from the

strong swarm. By the time the clover

had quite a good start they had their

nine-brood frames almost filled with

brood and about five pounds of honey

and I gave them a ten-frame super.

About this time they swarmed but as

the queen was clipped she could not

go along and the bees returned to the

hive without settling. I found the

queen on the ground and put her in a

cage and took an empty hive and put

in some frames with drawn-out comb,

one frame out of the old hive without

eggs, quite a bit of honey and the sup-

er of foundation from the 01d hive

that was just started, with the work-

ing bees in it and about half of the

bees out of the bottom. Then I remov-

ed the old hive about six feet away

and put the new hive on the old stand

to catch the working force and put the

queen in with them. They started to

work in good earnest again, and the

old hive built up in good shape for win-

ter and made a little comb honey. The

new hive with the old queen soon fill-

ed the super with nice white honey

and a second with amber honey, most

golden rod, and just started a third.

The queen used her nine frames

throughout from top to bottom all sum-

mer, and even had a lot of brood yet

when I took the super off, so I had to

feed them for winter after the brood

was hatched. They were just crowded

in the bottom when I took the supers

off. 1 fed them about 15 lbs. of honey

in what. is commonly called the pepper-

box feeder. I took molasses cans in-

stead and punched small nail holes in

the cover and then inverted this on

the frames. I tried to feed them sugar

syrup but I couldn’t get it thick

enough to work in these feeders, but. I

shall have to feed them a sugar prep-

aration of some kind out of doors next.

spring as my honey is most gone.

Whai do you advise to feed? This is

the second winter for my queen; do

you think it would be safe to keep her

another winter if she does so well

next. summer again, or else what time

should I give them a new queen next

summer?



Newaygo C0. W. C. R.



Regarding the feeding of bees and

the life of a queen, the following would

be my advice under the circumstances.

If the colony of bees has enough food

to last, them until February or March

then I would mix up equal quantities

by weight, of sugar and water, being

certain that all the sugar was dis-

solved. If you heat the water and

then add the sugar and keep stirring

to prevent burning, all the sugar will

soon be dissolved. Now, fill your pails

or molasses cans full and then put on

the perforated lid. Next, takela piece

of burlap about the size of the top of

the hive and cut one or two circular





_ v...





.. ’aw.<s\.n—mw -1 .





I"





"are





“H‘- ........ a... . ,
.mw .





an .





grin-.4.“





'l :1 . ifs

WE. is}, 1916.





 





The hull that

lay: la the

hen that Pays





Scratch Feed





will make our hous- produce the great-

est possib e egg yield—develop them

into 200-egg hens by supplying the

necessary feed elements. protein. fat

and carbohydrates. Red Hen Scratch

Feed gets results. Used and endorsed

by thousands of poultrymen.





Red Hen is the real economical feed

because it is correctly mixed. cheaper

in the long run than home mixed feeds.

It makes you sure of results. Contains

selected Michigan grains. free from

chad. weed seed, or other impurities.

Send for Free Book

— — — —

Our book "From Chli'lf to Layer"‘

should be in the hands of every poultry

raiser. Semi for your copy. Free for

the asking. Write today.

Ask your dealer for Red Hen Scratch Feed.

If he hasn't it write us and we will take

care of you. Be sure to get the bag sewed

with red twine with the full sized Red Hen

(11:93.5. It's your guarantee of honest poultry





Saginaw Milling Co.

Makers of the famous ()gemaw

A A Pigeon Feed,





1 129 Genes“ St, Saginaw. Mich.





pieces out about the size of the top of

.the feeders, then uncover the colony,

put on your piece of burlay and an

empty super in which to stand the

feeders. Now, tip the feeders upside

down and place directly over the holes

in the burlap, packing all around with

straw, rags or other filling. If the col-

ony is very light they should have 15

to 20 pounds of this sugar syrup and

if you will feed it to them warm you

will have no difficulty in getting the

bees to take every bit of it down. The

syrup will run for a minute but will

stop after a little has run out and then

will only run as fast as the bees suck

it from the feeder. You need not be

afraid of it all running out». This

should put your bees in good shape for

spring.



If they are very light now I would

not risk waiting, but would feed them

right away, making it about one and

one-half part of sugar to one of water,

by weight. This could be fed any ev-

ening, being sure, however, that the

bees are covered securely in case of a

cold snap. Once you have fed them'

you need not disturb them again until

warmer weather comes. If the tops

of the cans are quite flat it is a good

plan to place a small stick under each

side so that the lids of the cans, when

inverted over the bees, stand up over

the frames about a bee space. This

gives the bees a chance to cluster and

suck out the syrup more easily and

quickly than when the tops of the

feeders are right on the frames.



Now, with regard to the queen you

do not say whether she was a young

queen when you received her, but the

majority of good bee—keepers usually

feel that two winters is plenty for one

queen, and that they get better results

by requeening the next season, giving

the colony at young queen. I would

advise you to do this any time during

the clover flow in June, at this time

the bees will accept a queen more

readily than at any other time and





I»GAN"FARMER

has a new cat fully grown and is all

ready torr'November and December

eggs. '



In selecting breeders choose those

that are of standard weight. In the

utility flock the coloring of all feathers

need not be exact, although it adds

considerably to the satisfaction of the

owner if his birds are fairly uniform.

In shape the breeders should be com-

pactly built rather than long and

lanky.



It should be remembered that the

male bird is half the pen and the only

safe way for the average farm flock is

to bring i a new cockerel every year

that is not even remotely related to

the hens. Cockerels hatched early in

the spring are all right to head the

breeding pens for next Winter. To in-

sure fertile eggs it is a good plan to

have two male birds for each pen, us-

ing them on alternate days, keeping

one at a time shut away from the hens.



New Hamp. C. H. CHESLEY.





 





THE PROFITS FROM HENS.





I do not believe there is any other

farm live stock that pays as large a.

net return back to the owner, consid<

ering the feed consumed, as do the

hens. The refuse and slops from our

kitchen is given daily to the chickens.

A variety is what chickens need most

in order to be thrifty and healthy. The

table scraps help to give a variety in

feed and are an excellent diet for the

fowls. We are very careful, however,

in feeding table scraps to the poultry,

for if foods, where large quantities of

salt are present, are fed, it will prove

fatal. The hens like salty food and if

they eat a large amount of it they will

die. Once we threw an old fish pail

out thoughtlessly, and it contained a

large quantity of salt, and it was only

a day until we noticed several chick-

ens lying dead. They had eaten a large

quantity of salt and it killed them.





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





 





X-RAY





" ' Uses 4 to 5 Times '

Less Oil Than Any Other

Incubator

One Gallon—One Filling





ALL the bother and almost all



the expense cut out. Fill theX-Ray

tank when you put in the eggs—then

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squarely underneath where it ought

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Too much heat—-it lowers the flame:

not enough heat — it increases the

flame. X-Ray is the answer to





Biggest Hatches

Least Trouble

Minimum Expense





The X~Ray vapor generator supplies

the exact amount of moisture. The -R.ay

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tray leaves the entire s cc available or

eggs. The X—Ray hinge glass top permits

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X-Ray by Express Prepaid

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ook No. 22 today. Learn why thousands of

X-Raul tors and Breeders are in actual

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. . . The X-Ray IncubatorC

your colony Will remain in good shape In feeding the laying hens during Dept. 29

through the season. If, however. your the winter we use bran in large quan- . ”twin“

queen shows good results in the spring titles, together with wheat, cracked

0f the year, this can be mm by the corn, and sprouted oats. This, along

amount 0f bI‘OOd 311d bees in the 001‘ with the table scraps, makes an excel-

Onyv then I WOUId wait until August lent ration and gives a large variety

before re-queening. We canhnot set of feed. If we want eggs we must

. any hard and fast, rule as to t eworth feed a ood rati n 2 ,h - -

POUltry PrOfltS Sure {Of a queen at a certain age, we must must begdone l‘egfiilai‘lrvl'fi tthnstiEiZIi‘iIIig

when you use the modern coal-burning.self- ijUdge entire-13' by the work 0f the 001' prices of eggs and poultry during the '\\" ' w; ..

feedmg,sclf-regulatmg.trouble-proof ony, Some queens are worn out after past year, Wt" can well afford to use w\\ \m, _.

Newtown Giant Colony Broader one year, while others are good when only thp best feeds for them. Of "‘ “A”





three cars old. F. E. MILLEN. -, . -. -., -. .

It. raises “the most chicks, the best chicks. Y ’ course, feedsluff is hlbh. Bran is worth No More Whii Diarrhoea

With least labor and at lowest cost." The first abOUt $35 it ton and Other feeds are Last year when her neighbor’s





:22:Sashfigdbggilileirmfiitgis€010“y type. and MATING THE BREEDING PENSL just as high in proportion, but with chicks were (1‘,ng by the score from

Sendmym‘r (twink ”ame- ' -—-_-—-— eggs selling for 30 to 40 cents a dozen : ~ I __ I /

ch: [Ve'wttown‘wewills/zip mac}: canm'wfily If one WOUId bulld “D a flOCk 0f vig- I believe it will pay to give the hens a $333331thMilli? [33; 1813231):

,flaszfizyfizgza‘m” OI‘OUS 133’ng hens, he ShOUId give 031'9‘ good ration and especially now when chicks and never lost one.

Newtown Giant fill attention t0 the Daff‘nl StOCk- T00 eggs are in the greatest demand and _Mrs. K. L. White, of Oswego, 111.,

Often the farm flOCk 1S Increased by conlnland the highest prices. In the ralsed 500 CthkS and didn’t lose a.

haphazard methods. 511011 3 mm“ is larger cities such as Boston, New York Single one.





Incubator Corp’n

W . . . .

Harri/11:?” Street. sure to decrease in Vigor and produc- and ChiCagO, customers will pay 60 MI‘S. S. W. Middleton, 0f Wilsey,

no urg tiveness from year to vear One can- ‘ Kans, raised 400 and never lost any

V 4 . -. cents a dozen and more, for guaran- from White Diarrhoea.

not 5919“ eggs for hatching by the teed strictly fresh eggs. We have sev- Mrs Lovina Cooper of Balko

1 . . I , ’

appearance 015 th? eggs, hilt he can eral c1ty customers who buy from us Okla, raised SOS—never lost one.

seleCt fillet. efigs 131d Eytfinfvgr} Drfifhic‘ direct by parcel post and they are Inallttle book entitled "The Care and Feeding

ers an ee assure a 18 C 10 {S . .' . . . ol' Poultry." these ladies and almost 50 others

Will be Stl‘OIl and I. ble t k d (lune Villllllg to Day a llttle more for tell how they saved their chicks from White

1 g la 0 ma 8 goo eggs that «(u-e guaranteed fl‘E‘Sh. While Diarrhoea. What they have done you can do.

a ers. r This book helped thousands of poultry raise s

3:,8 d. ‘h 1d b d “e have not used 3119 parcel DOSt very save their chicks and make more money. Tlie

ree mg pens S 011 9 ma e 111) long for this purpose, so far we have chick seasonlahere. Get ready for it. .lt'stoo





from Old hens, that i8, Of birds that f _ _ late when your chicks aredying. Learn now how

. ‘ ound same satisfactory. Our custom- t u. . D l d

wfll be two years old the 0 save em e ay is angerous. The book is





_ P 11 coming ers are in a nearby city and known to FREE‘ sudfm’mu' ”9" ”d" t°



spring. u ets do not make VlgOl‘OllS us, so we are never alarmed about get- "IE lltlll 00., Bull. 25. llllllll. l‘.



breeders as they have not yet reached ting our monev. This is probably the



full maturity, and it is not possible to greatest obstacle to be overcome in



know Just which of the birds are the shipping country products to the city FRE ENG'NE



best layers. Hens that lay during the and to customers whose financial BOOK



fall are almost sure to make des1rable standing is not known. we have lost Beg,“ on b“, m, Game 0, Km

tie—fiend my New Book “flow to Judge (-5



u m.” reu- boy to distinguish a High d)



En by the_diflerencein cylinders. pm- ’1’")





breeders. Select those that finish the less than five per cent in breakage by

moult early and have a new coat 0f tons v yea ignition etc with less cost for '





feathers grown before the coldest

weather comes on. These points be-

ing fresh in mind, it is possible to

make an intelligent selection in the

fall, better than late in the winter.

Some breeders advocate selecting

those that moult late. It may be true

that such a bird will lay a larger num—

ber of eggs during the twelve months,

but she is almost sure not to produce for home consumption.



many eggs when they are highest. Our ' This year we are going to enlarge

ideal type of bird is the one that be- our poultry plant and install some new

gins the moult early and lays occa- brooding pens and perhaps we will

sionally all through September and 00- need one or two more incubators if we

tober, and by the end of that month decide to work our plans. E. 0. S.





   

 





 

 

 

   

   

 

   

 

   

   





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





Our big, illus-

trated , 1916Year-

B&ol§:"l3gofits in.

-a. a... $99....“





 

   





     





using the parcel post and think some

day it will solve to a large extent some

of the market problems now confront—

ing farmers everywhere.





Last year our profits from our flock

paid for an additional four acres to

our farm, and also made possible some

long-wished for things- in the home.

Aside from this we used plenty of eggs





hetepfind repairs. 33?]; Scum.

08 e er '1 m

rAdi'oRY inn and any





Cyphere-Built Incubators

Payment Plan. fiddle“





cum SollgdatBLT: Price.

y unequa . idle- and a W

twtpmtgcuyzgmbackaym th' 6' t Guido .

e wan you ave a 0 II are:

for Poultry Raisers. file for it

m mums 1:... our 35 .mm.l.l’.

Chicago Mu





loaf-vi:

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THE MICHIGAN FARMER





ORGANIZED AGRICULTURE IN

DENMARK. or“.





(Continued from page 231).

regular equipment. This is to insure

against disease being transmitted

through the skim-milk to the cattle

and hogs and other animals using it at

home. It saves the individual farmer

largely, the necessity of owning his

own separator and it adds, no doubt,

to the advertising value of the high

quality of Danish dairy products. The

state requires frequent examination

and report on every cow as to health

and yield. We need to remember, of

course, in studying Denmark compar-

atively with Michigan, for example,

that while her population is about the

same as ours, her area is only a little

over one-quarter of that of Michigan.

Her state’s attention to the yield of

her cows has operated naturally in

weeding out the “boarders” and dem-

onstrating the value of others. This

work has resulted in increasing the

number of cows from 900,000 in 1880

when co-operative dairying practically

began in Denmark, to 1,282,000 in 1909,

the latest statistics I succeeded in ex-

amining. During the same period the

annual yield of milk per cow increas-

ed even more, or over 1,360 pounds per





con factories and slaughter houses and

twenty large private ones. The co-Op-

erative factories had 95,000 members

at this time. One—half of all farms

raising pigs and two-thirds the total

number of pigs were connected with

the co—operative bacon factories. Dur-

ing the last year of available statistics

the members of these co-operative ba-

con factories received a total of twen—

ty-three millions of dollars for their

product.



(Io-operative breeding and live stock

improvement associations as might be

expected, are also found in active op-

eration in Denmark. And to these, of

course, should be added that of the

Danish Co-operative Egg Export Soci-

ety. Here the same high and even

standardization in marking, assembling

and shipping obtains. This export had

already grown from six affiliated asso-

ciations in 1895 to five hundred and

fifty in 1909; from two thousand mem-

bers to forty-three thousand; and from

twenty thousand dollars’ annual busi-

ness to one million, one hundred and

fifty-five thousand dollars. Every egg

exported is marked with a rubber

stamp, containing a trade mark de-

sign of the Danish Egg Export Soci-

ety, so that you can buy and know that

you are buying Danish eggs in most of





 





 





 





 





cow. Eighty—six per cent of, all farms

carrying cows, and eighty-three per

cent of all cows are connected with co—

operative dairies. Thc members are





 





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I When writing advertisers mention Illlchgen Former





ANTED. Man to run grain and stock farm, 'must

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compelled to deliver all their milk pro-

duced for a. period of years to the co-

operative crcamery and are liable to

it for all damages sustained if they do

not, and expulsion from membership.

Federated “Control” establishes and

maintains the high standard which

commands a higher price than the

dairy products of any coutry except

Holland, and Holland practices the

same method. The total receipts for

the Danish Co-operative dairies in 1909

was approximately sixty-two and one-

half millions of dollars. Not all, by

any means, of the milk produced in

Denmark is manufactured into butter

and cheese.



Next to butter, bacon has become

the largest item of Danish export, and

this because of the economic relation-

ship in the production of bacon with

that of the production of butter, leav-

ing the skim-milk to be fed to pigs.

This milk under thorough inspection

and compulsory sterilization is a valu-

able feed for the production of high

quality bacon. The Danes, too, have

taught and practiced a uniform bacon

type of pig; evidently frOm appear-

ance the Yorkshire strain predomi—

nates.



Co-operative bacon factories and

slaughter houses have been organized

on a co-operative basis, of course, to

further promote the profit of the farm-

er by manufacturing his own raw ma-

terials and selling them in the form of

the manufactured product in the most

profitable market. The testimony tak-

en on this phase of co-operative activ-

ity in Denmark discloses this situa-

tion: “In spite of implacable compe-

tition of private factories co-operative

factories have multiplied. In 1909





 





 





there were thirty-four co-operative ba-





Co-operative Wholesale Houses in Copenhagen. Ground is Being Broken for

New Buildings to Double Capacity.





the European markets, and this Ex-

port Society sees to it that that mark,

on the egg, means something depend-

able for the consumer.



And the Danish people seeing the

large feeding value of beet pulp in the

dairy business, have organized sev-

eral sugar beet factories and are, build-

ing more. Beet pulp being practically

a by-product in the sugar business and

finding such a ready sale at good pric-

es, as a dairy feed, it reduces the cost

of manufacturing beet sugar very ma-

terially. The result is claimed to be

that the Danish consumer of sugar

gets his granulated at six cents a

pound when he is not a member of the

co—operative sugar beet factory and the

members complain if their annual prof-

its fall below twenty-five per cent.



The picture of a typical Danish

farm shows the substantial, brick con-

struction with slate or tile roof. The

soil is good, beech is the chief native

tree and it is re—forested because of its

value in the manufacture of butter

tubs and other utensils for handling

and shipping butter and cheese. Iood

roads are conspicuous throughout the

country. Municipal gas and electric

light further testify to the enterprise

of the people, and these conveniences,

together with power lines, are being

extended out through the country so

as to make them available for farm

use.



Denmark has probably gone farther

in the matter of co-operative distribu-

tion among its own people than any

other country. The picture of the

three co-operative wholesale houses in

Copenhagen shows in the foreground,

men and teams at work preparing for

the construction of further buildings

to double the capacity of those already

built. At the time of the American

Commission’s visit, of every coopera-

tive retail‘store, there were 1,280 of

these co—operative retail stores in this





FEB. 19, 1916.





thrifty little country, one-fourth the

size of Michigan, with an annual turn-

over of fifty millions of dollars. Some

of the items included in this aggregate

business are: Groceries $2,725,000;

dry goods $1,100,000; seeds $665,000,

while the balance is divided between

bicycles, knitting goods from the knit-

ting factory, coffee from the coffee

roastery, the output of the chocolate

factory, confectionery, tobacco, rope,

oleomargarine, tea of their own im-

port, ready-to-wear suits for men and

women, etc. .



The significance of this'great co-op-

erative movement is perhaps to be

seen, or ought to be seen, in the equi-

table distribution of wealth involved

and the business building possibilities

which it has accomplished for this

thrifty little nation. For it must be ob-

served that a very considerable part

of this business is export business. A

nation, as an individual, measures its

prosperity largely by what it can cre-

ate and sell in excess of supplying its

own requirements. In 1910 these co-

operative stores of Denmark had in-

creased to 1,364 with turn-over of

$19,500,000. These same societies own-

ed “a saved capital as reserve fund in

inventory and plants of more than a

million dollars additional, and eighty-

six per cent of them owned their own

buildings.”



We doubt if Danish success can be

fully appreciated without remember-

ing an element of thoroughness which

seems to obtain in the mental makeup

of these people, and this is nowhere

better illustrated than it is in their

schools, and the pride they take in

them, and the way they make them

valuable to themselves. Americans as

Well as other peoples have been inter-

ested to make pilgrimagcs to Denmark

to investigate the People’s High

Schools. The president of one of these

schools at Lyngby near Copenhagen,

gave the commission, during its visit

there, this information:



“These schools are for grown-up

young men and women. The first

school was erected in 1844. The ob-

ject of these schools is to make the

young people fond of their country.

their language and their history. More

than anything else, they learn the his—

tory of Norway and Denmark. The

young men come from November un-

til April and the young women from

May to August. The young men pay

something like $11.00, your money, per

month, they board and live right here.

The young women pay less. The gov-

ernment pays something for pupils

who cannot afford it. Government ap-

propriation is 350,000 crowns per year.

We have eighty of these schools in

Denmark with an attendance of about

8,000 pupils per year, about equally di-

vided between boys and girls.”



Some time ago H. Rider Haggard

visited Denmark for his country and

made a report in popular book form

entitled, “Rural Denmark and its Les-

sons.” In speaking of his visit to the

Ascov High School he throws light on

the Danish character: “We drove to

the Ascov High School through 21 met

ty, prosperous looking country, dotted

everywhere with clean and comforta-

ble farm houses, situated amidst well-

tilled fields of rather light land. As

we drew near to Ascov we overtook

or were overtaken by numbers of peo-

ple traveling thither on foot or upon

bicycles. All of these. were well dress-

ed, and with the usual Danish polite-

ness saluted us as we passed. At first

I thought they must be bound for some

festivity until it was explained to me

that this festivity was nothing more

gay, than an afternoon lecture upon a.

subject of historical interest. The ob-

ject of these schools is education in

the highest sense, and the strangest

thing about them, to an Englishman,

is that about ten per cent of the pop-

ulation of Denmark passes through

these high schools at its own expense.

Especially is this so if he chances to

be a magistrate whose frequent duty

it is to inflict fines upon parents who

stubbornly refuse to avai1 themselves

of the gratis teachings





 





 





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FEB. 19, 1916.





 





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THE MlCHIGAN .FA'RMfi‘h





~ A Proven Mechanism





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Chandler production has been increased

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FEB. 19, 1916.,





 





258—34

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Markets.

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EillllllllllllllIll||ll|lllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllll|l|llIlllllll|lllIllIllll|IlIIIIlll|IIllllIIllllllIIHIIIIIIIIIIIW





GRAINS AND SEEDS.





> February 15, 1916.



Wheat.———Values suffered a decline

during the past week. Primary re-

ceipts have been large, aggregating

nearly two million bushels more than

for the corresponding week a year ago.

Foreign demand, however, would take

care of this surplus nicely, providing

ships could be secured for delivering

the grain in Liverpool. Quotations

there are higher, supplies are decreas-

ing and ocean freight rates are ad-

vancing. Reports of crop damage are

common, especially in the southern

wheat states. Visible supply and wheat

in bond decreased over two million

bushels. A year ago No. 2 red wheat

was quoted at $1.58 per bushel. Last

week’s prices were as follows:





No. 2 No.1



Red. White. May.

Wednesday . . . . .1.31 1.26 1.35 lé

Thursday . . . . . .1.31 1.26 1.35 1/2

Friday . . . . ..... 1.31 1.26 1.35%





Saturday .......1.31 1.261/2 135%;

Monday .........1.301/2 1.26 1.35

Tuesday . . . . .1.31 1.26 1.35%

-Chicago.——May wheat $12814; July

$1.21%c. ='

Corn.—Liberal receipts and the in-

fluence of wheat caused a decline in

corn values. Seaboard demand, how-

ever, offset to some extent the down-

ward course. Domestic consumption

is about normal. Visible supply in-

creased one and a quarter million

bushels. One year ago No. 3 corn was





quoted at 771/2C per bushel. Quota-

tions last week were:

No. 3 No. 3



Mixed. Yellow.

Wednesday . . . . . . . . . 731/2 75

Thursday ........... 73% 75

Friday .............. 74 751/2

Saturday ........... 74 751/2

Monday ............. - 31/2 75

Tuesday ............ 73 75





Chicago—May corn 7815/80.; July

777/8c.



Oats—Oat values suffered less than

the other grains, a moderate demand

and limited primary receipts having

kept values well up during the week.

Visible supply is practically the same

as one week ago. The local quotation

at this date in 1915 was 601/3c for stan-

dard oats. Detroit quotations for last

week were:





No. 3



Standard. White.

“Qednesday 51 50

Thursday ........... 50%, 491/2

Friday ..... 51 50

Saturday ..... . . . . . . 51 50

Monday ...... . . . . 501/2 49%

Tuesday . . . . . 501/“) 49%





Chicago—May oats 48%0 per bu;

July 46%0.



Rye.—Cash No. 2 has declined 2c to

$1.01 per bushel.



Barley.—Milwaukee’s price is lower

at 73@77c for malting and Chicago’s

pirce is down to 73@77c.



Beans.—No dealing here. The local

board quotes March at $3.65 and imme‘

diate, prompt and February at $3.60.

At Chicago pea beans, handpicked,

are quoted at $3.80@3.85 per bushel;

prime choice $3.65@3.70; red kidneys

$5.20@5.25. Feeling is firm.



Timothy Seed—Prime spot $3.80.



Clover Seed—At Detroit prime spot

is $13; March $12.50; alsike $10.25.

Toledo quotes prime cash at $13.05;

March $12.50; prime alsike at $10.20.





 





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





Flown—Jobbing lots in one-eighth

paper sacks are selling on the Detroit

market per 196 lbs., as follows: Best

patent $7; seconds $6.70; straight

$6.50; spring patent $7; rye flour $6.



Feed.—~ln 100—lb. sacks, jobbing lots

are: Bran $26; standard middlings



25; fine middlings $30; cracked corn

$33; corn and cat chop $29 per ton.



Hay.—-—No. 1 timothy $18@18.50;

Standard timothy 34176171750; light

mixed $17@17.50; No. 2 timothy $14.50

@1550; No. 1 mixed $14@15; No. 1

clover $10@13.



Straw.——VVheat and oat $6.50@7 per

ton; rye $7.50@8.





DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





 





Butter.—Trade rules firm with pric-

es for best grades a fraction higher.

Extra creamer-y 301/2c; firsts 280;

dairy 21c; packing stock 180.



E1gin.—Another advance of one cent

is reported with trade firm. Prices,

based on sales, are 311/20.



Chicago—An active general demand

and moderate receipts forced prices up

for all but packing stock. Extra

creamery 311/20; extra firsts 301/2@

310; firsts 261/2@27%,c; extra dairies

300; packing stock 19@191/zc.



Eggs—Cautious purchasing by buy-

ers and increased receipts hove forced





prices down lower really than condi~

tions seem to warrant. Receipts are

about one-half what they were a year

ago. Current receipts are quoted at

220; candled firsts 231/20.



Chicago. Values on lower basis but

dealers refuse to take hold except for

immediate supplies. Firsts 231/13@24c;

ordinary firsts 22@23c; miscellaneous

lots, cases included 20@231/gc; refrig~

erator stock 121/2@17c, depending on

quality.



Poultry—Improved demand and lim-

ited supply brought higher prices for

all lines. - Turkeys 16@17c; spring tur-

keys 21@220; fowls 14@181/20, accord-

ing to quality; spring chickens 17@

1815c; ducks 18@19c; geese 17@18c.



Chicago—Firm feeling pervades the

trade, with supplies small and the de-

mand active. Turkeys, young and old

12@19c; fowls 111/2@151/2c; springs

17c; ducks 15@17c; geese 10@15c.





 





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





 





Apples.—There is no change, the

market being quiet. Greenings at $2.50

$3.50; Spys $3.50@4; Baldwins $3

@350; Steel Red $4.50@5. At Chicago

market continues about steady. No. 1

Greenings $2.75@3 per bbl; Jonathans,

No. 1, $3.50@4; Baldwins $3@3.25;

Wageners $2.25@2.75; Spys $3@3.75.



Potatoes.—-Steady and not specially

active. Carlots on track, white $1.05

@110; red $1@1.05 per bushel. At

Chicago the market ruled quiet. Val-

ues range from 920@$1.05, according

to quality. At Greenville the price is

80c per bushel. The arrivals are light

on account of cold weather.





WOOL AND HIDES.





 





VVooL—At Boston the trade contin-

ues firm with price tendencies upward.

Some manufacturers have already con-

tracted for 1916 deliveries from pro-

ducers in west. Strong confidence in

continuation of present prices for sev-

eral months. Fleeces in better de-

mand and Michigan’s are 1@2c high-

er with fine unwashed clothing at 26

@27c; do 1/_)—blood 28@30c; do 3/8-blood

29@31c, and 14-blood 29@3lc.



Hides—No. 1 cured 16%0; No. 1

green 140; No. 1 cured bulls 130; No. 1

green bulls 100; No. 1 cured veal kip

19c; No. 1 green veal kip 18c; No. 1

cured calf 210; No. 1 green calf 200;

No. 1 horsehides $4.50.





GRAND RAPIDS.





The potato market has been around

800 for the past few days and farmers

are not selling freely at this figure.

While the potato market is always a

gamble to most growers it looks as

though tubers would easily bring $1

before spring is, far advanced. The

bean market, showing sympathy with

potatoes, is off perhaps 5@lOc, with

white pea beans now quoted at $3.30.

Dressed hogs sold at' $9@9.50 during

the past week, owing to liberal offer-

ings, but are expected to bring 100 this

week. '





 





DETROIT EASTERN MARKET.





 





Amount of trading is small with ap-

ples quoted at 75c@$1.50, the best

price being for good Spies. Cabbage

60@65c; potatoes scarce at $1.25; car-

rots $1.25; parsnips 850; eggs 38@40c;

loose hay is coming slowly and sales

are made around $20 a ton.





 





LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Buffalo.

February 14 ,1916.

(Special Report of Dunning and Stev-

ens, New York Central Stock

Yards, Buffalo, N. Y.)



With 165 cars of cattle here today

the market was very slow and the nice

tidy shipping cattle sold mostly 10@

15c lower, and heavy plainer grades

15@250 lower, while the bulk of the

light butcher cattle and cows and heif-

ers sold weak to 100 lower. Prospects

are for a fair run of cattle next week

and if the weather stays cold, a steady

market.



Our market was extremely dull and

lower on all classes of hogs, excepting

the pig stuff, with a fairly liberal sup-

ply. The total receipts were about 105

double decks, but quite a number of

them arrived too late to be sold. Our

trade was very slow at the, opening

and dragged along all day. Best class-

es sold at $8.70, a few selected lots of

closely sorted a little bit more; pigs

genearlly $8.25; stags $5@6; roughs

around $7.50. It looks as if we will

have a fairly liberal supply here for

Tuesday, and do not look for much, if

any, better prices for the next few

days.



With about 45 double decks of sheep

and lambs on sale here today the mar-

ket was active and prices 200 higher

than the close of last week. All sold

and we look for steady prices balance

of the week.



We‘quote: Lambs $11.90@12; cull





 





to fair $8@11.75; yearlings $8.50@

$10.75; bucks $4.50@7; andy ewes

$8.25@8.50; heavy ewes $7.75@8;

wethers $8.75@9; cull sheep $4.50@7;

with 1,200 head of calves on the mar-

ket, the good to choice sold $12.25@

$36309; common to fair $8@11; heavy





 





Chicago.

February 14, 1916.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Receipts today..14,000 75,000 20,000

Same day 1915..21,880 53,748 10,328

Last week ...... 56,492 256,433 69,440

Same wk 1915.. .39,885 201,956 62,292



Shipments from here last week

amounted to 12,949 cattle; 67,978 hogs

and 14,315 sheep, comparing with 7,016

cattle, 25,313 hogs and 10,487 sheep for

the same time last year. Hogs re-

ceived averaged 203 lbs.



This week opens with such a meager

cattle supply that prices are 15c or

more higher, and commission firms

have sent out dispatches to country

patrons quoting a rise of about 25c.

Buying is animated, and bulls, cows

and heifers share in the advance.

Hogs are a good dime lower, with a

big run, sales ranging at $7.75@8.35.

There was a late Saturday top at $8.45

for weighty hogs, with a sale of some

192-lb. hogs at $8.40. Sheep and lambs

open firm, and feeder lambs sold at

$10.25.



Cattle were marketed last week in

much larger numbers and 'sales show-

ed average reductions of 25@4OC. So

few choice beeves were offered that

they remained firm, the better class of

heavy steers going at $9@9.75, poorer

light steers at $6@7, with small scat-

tering sales down to $5.50@5.75. Good

steers $8.25@8.75, medium grade $7.50

@820, warmed-up steers $6.75@7.45.

Choice to fancy yearlings were sale~

able at $9@9.65; common little year-

lings were very bad sellers. Butcher-

ing cows and heifers were usually in

active demand, and fat lots had a

good outlet, with the receipts largely

common. Cows sold at $4.85 and up-

ward, to $7.50; heifers $4.75@8, choice

little yearling heifers went up to $9.

Cutters $4.20@4.80, canners $3614.15,

and bulls $4.85@7.25. Calves were in

the usual good demand on local and

shipping account, with sales at an ex-

treme range of $5@11.50 per 100 lbs.

for rough heavy to prime light veal-

ers. On the opening day 16 head of

receipts ran largely to plain half-fat to

fancy Hereford steers that averaged

1,745 lbs. sold at $9.75. All week the

good short-fed steers, and these were

the quickest to decline in value.



Hogs were in the usual active local

packing demand last week, while the

eastern shipping demand.was extraor-

dinarily large. The receipts continued

on a liberal scale, but had no effect in

stopping the continued upward course

of prices, the best hogs landing at

$8.40. The best light shipping hogs

had a better outlet than heretofore.

Receipts have continued to run much

ahead of corresponding weeks one and

two years ago, but prices were far

higher than a year ago, while much

lower than two years ago. Pigs had

good advances, and the Canadian de-

mand for thin hogs averaging from 175

to 200 lbs. sent these up sharply. The

week closed with hogs selling at $7.90

@820 for light bacon hogs, $8.221/z@

8.30 for the best light shipping hogs,

$8.30@8.40 for the best heavy ship-

ping hogs and $6@7.75 for pigs. A

week earlier hogs sold at $7.55@8.15.



The sheep and lamb market was ac~

tive last week on both local and ship-

ping account, and prices showed fresh

high winter records all along the line,

with continued meager supplies. Re-

actions in prices took place but even

on the breaks fat lambs, yearlings,

wethers and ewes sold far higher than

ever before in the month of February.

High dressing offeringsattracted the

best demand and were the last to

weaken in value, although at op pric-

es the requirements were smal er than

heretofore. Most live muttons advanc-

ed 25@350 during the week, prices

closing as follows: Lambs $8@ll.50;

yearlings $8.50@10; wethers $7.25@

8.40; ewes $4.50@8.25.



Horses were plentiful last week, and

there was a fair local and shipping

trade at about former prices, while

the trade in army horses was lively at

full values. Inferior horses sold at

around $50@75, drivers at $100@200

and drafters at $200@285, few choice

horses coming to market. Not a great

many horses went above $200.





MICHIGAN CROP REPORT.





 





Wheat—In reply to the question,

“Has wheat during January suffered

injury from any cause,” 148 corres-

pondents in the southern counties an-

swer “Yes” and 96 “No”; in the cen-

tral counties 62 answer “Yes” and 31

“No”; in the northern counties 68 an-

swer “Yes” and 26 “No” and in the

upper peninsula one answers “Yes”

and 13 “No.”



. Snow protected wheat in the state

10 days, in the southern counties nine,





in the central counties seven, in the

northern counties 14 and in the upper

peninsula 27 days.



The average depth of snow on Jan-

uary 15 in the state was 2.33 inches,

in the southern counties 1.53, in the

central counties 1.49, in the northern

counties 3.48 and in the upper penin-

sula 11.65 inches.



The total number of bushels of

wheat marketed by farmers in Janu-

ary at 70 flouring mills was 123,033

and at 91 elevators and to grain deal-

ers 145,946 or a total of 268,979 bush-

els. Of this amount 189,309 bushels

were marketed in the southern four

tiers of counties, 69,736 in the cen-

tral counties and 9,934 in the northern

counties and upper peninsula.



The estimated total number of bush-

els of wheat marketed in six months,

August—January is 5,250,000. Forty

mills, elevators and grain dealers re-

port no wheat marketed in January.



The average condition of live stock

in the state is reported as follows, com-

parison being with stock in good, heal-

thy and thrifty condition: horses and

sheep 96; cattle and swine 95.





It”HIIIIIIIIIIINIIIII”IHHHIIIHHH”11“”?in”Willi?“HWHIHHHHHHllHHIIIIHH||IittlIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

Crop and Market Notes.





 





Michigan.



Eaton 00., Feb. 14.—-The condition

of winter grains seemsto have improv-

ed in the past month, the ground now

being covered with about six inches of

snow. Farmers will have enough feed

for own use. Not much marketing is

being done. There is some complaint

of corn not keeping well, and good

seed corn will be in great demand this

spring. Hens are laying better than

formerly. Wheat $1.18@1.20; rye 850;

oats 41@44c; corn 750; beans $3.40;

clover seed $8@ 10; potatoes 900 per

bushel; butter 24@26c; eggs 24@260;

hay $10@12.



Emmet 00., Feb. 9.——Settled winter

weather appears to have come with

the beginning of February. There is

some snow, but it. does not stay on the

open fields. Little if any injury done

to winter grain or seeding so far. The

sleighing is good. Eggs 320.



St. Clair 00., Feb. 9.—January was

mild, with only a. few days of zero

weather, but mostly mild and spring-

like. February has been wintry with

about three inches of snow. Winter

grains suffered some from changeable

weather. Farmers have plenty of hay

but not much corn. Stock is mostly

sold. Hens are beginning to lay. But-

ter fat 34c; wheat. $1.24; oats 500;

beans $3.50; potatoes $1.10; hay $8@

12; eggs 27c.



Washtenaw C0,, Feb. 14.—-—Weather

cold, down to ten below this morning.

Ground is well covered with snow. The

farmers are well supplied with feed,

but little stock other than hogs kept

here, as this is a dairy section. Hogs

have been marketed freely. Hens did

not lay well this winter, but egg pro-

duction is now increasing. Eggs 28c;

butter 30c; milk $1.60 for 3%; per cent

test; wheat $1.25; beans $3.50; pota—

toes $1; hay $14: hogs $7.50. ,



Indiana.



Noble 00., Feb. 11.——Having fine Win—

ter weather and enough snow to pro-

tect wheat and clover. Farmers are

marketing sheep and cattle and have

plenty of feed for the season. Market-

ing wheat freely. Roads are good.

Wheat $1.25; oats 42c: corn 70c; pota-

toes $1.10; hay $96910; cattle $6@7;

hogs $7.50. liens are laying well with

eggs down to 23c; butter 25c. ,



lllinois.



Marion 00., Feb. 10.—Ground has

been bare most of the winter, and fall

grains are, in poor condition. While

there is plenty of hay, grain is scarce.

But few cattle and hogs on feed. Hens

are beginning to lay. Wheat $1.10;

corn 800; potatoes $1.10; hay $10@11;





cattle $4@5; hogs $6.50; roads are in .





bad condition.

Wisconsin.



Jackson 00., Feb. 10.—January clos-

ed with a week of rain and sleet, fol-

lowed by cold weather, spreading a

thick coating of ice over everything,

causing some damage to fruit and oth-

er trees, and considerable uneasiness

in regard to meadows and winter

grain. We have about eight inches of

snow now, with temperature around

zero. Many farmers complaining of a

shortage of hay, and buying grain; also

of stock getting thin; hens are not lay-

ing. Hay $10; butter~fat 320; potatoes

60@800.



Kansas.





Cowley 00., Feb. 12.—There has

been little snow so far but plenty of

rain and some sleet. The roads are in

bad condition. Fall sown grains are

in somewhat better condition since the

rains, but do not look very well. There

will be a surplus of feed, especially

hay. this spring. Not so many cattle

as usual are being fall fed, and there

are not very many cattle in the coun-

try. Hens are not laying well. We

have no sugar trees. Cream 25@28c;

eggs 26c; milk $1.90 per cwt; wheat





$1.15; corn 65c; hay $3@5; hogs $7.50. ,





 





 





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FEB. 19, 1916.‘





nus 08- THE LAST EDITVON.





 





The first edition is sent to those who

have not expressed a. desire for the

latest markets. The. late market edi-

:ion will be sent on request at any

line.





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKET.





 





Thursday’s Market.

February 17, 1916.

Cattle.





Receipts 2338. There was a good

liberal supply of live stock at the local

stock yards this week and good ser-

vice was given by the railroads. War

horses that are again coming freely

caused some delay in the yards, but as

a rule, the service was satisfactory.



In the cattle division the trade was

slow and on Thursday in some 111-.

stances the market. was 10@15c lower,

the decline being mostly on the better

grades of steers. Canners and bulls

seemed to be in more active demand.

The milch cow trade was active for

anything with quality but this kind

was scarce. The close was dull as

follows: Best heavy steers $7.50@

7.65; best handy weight butcher steers

$6.75@7.25;, mixed steers and heifers

$6.25@6.50; handy light butchers $5.50

@6; light butchers $5@5.50; best cows

$5.50@6; butcher cows $5@5.25; com-

mon cows $4.25@4.75; canners $3@4;

best heavy bulls $5.75@6; bologna

bulls $5.25@5.50; stock bulls $5@5.25;

feeders $6@7; stockers $5@6.25; milk-

ers and springers $406380.



Sandel, 8., B. & G. sold Mason B. Co.

1 bull wgh 1080 at $5.50, 2 steers av

950 at $7.10, 16 do av 900 at $6.75, 1

bull wgh- 970 at $5.50; to Bresnahan 4

cows av 1050 at $5.25, 7 butchers av

707 at $6, 2 cows av 1020 at $5.10: to

J. Bresnahan 13 heifers av 733 at

$5.75; to Mich. B. Co. 1 cow wgh 1270

at $5.50; to Hammond, S. & Co. 24

steers av 1102 at $7.25, 6 do av 695 at

$6, 2 (10 av 1210 at $7.50, 6 do av 975

at $7, 9 do av 1014 at $6.50, 1 bull wgh

1060 at $5.75; to Thompson Bros. 3

cows av 1030 at $5.40, 1 do wgh 1300

at $5.75; to Kull 2 bulls av 845 at

$5.40; to Mason B. Co. cow wgh 1060

at $5; to Hammond, S. & Co. 20 butch-

ers av 906 at $6.75, 20 do av 730 at

$6.50, 5 do av 1096 at $7, 1 bull wgh

1850 at $6, 1 do wgh 780 at $5.25; to

Nagle P. Co. 1 steer wgh 1350 at $7.75,

1 cow wgh 1140 at $5.90, 10 butchers

av 859 at $6.60; to Golden 4 do av 680

at $6, 4 cows av 807 at $4.50; to Brei-

tenbeck 26 steers av 880 at $6.75, 1

bull wgh 850 at $5.50; to Bresnahan 2

steers av 800 at $6, 3 butchers av 747

at $5.75, 7 do av 714 at $5.85; to L.

Bresnahan 10 cows av 1052 at $5.25,

2 do av 1185 at $5.75; to Kull 16 steers

av 874 at $7.35, 17 do av 835 at $7.25;

to Newton B. Co. 10 do av 1136 at

$7.10, 11 do av 1008 at $6.90, 8 do av

920 at $6.50.



Roe Com. Co. sold Mason B. Co. 6

steers av 870 at $7, 1 do wgh 600 at

$5.75, 1 bull wgh 2080 at $6.25; to

Parker, W. & Co. 6 canners av 891 at

$4: to Bray 3 cows av 1027 at $5: to

Bresnaban 9 cows av 1104 at $5.50, 3

do av 963 at $4.25; to Newton B. Co.

1 steer wgh 1000 at $6-85, 4 do av 672

at $6, 1 hull wgh 1070 at $5.50, 2 do av

1040 at $5.50, 3 cows av 973 at $4.75;

to Hammond, S. & Co. 4 do av 982

at $4.



Veal Calves.



Receipts 8‘26. The veal calf trade

was strong, and good grades averaged

50c higher than they were a week ago.

Common about steady. Best $11@12;

common and heavy $7@10.



Haley & M. sold Sullivan P. Co. 13

av 175 at. $12, 11 av 150 at $11.75; to

Mich. E. Co. 4 av 150 at $11, 3 av 125

at $11, 5 av 145 at $11.50, 12 av 150 at

$11.50, 3 av 140 at $11.50.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts 3764. The sheep and lamb

trade was full steady with last week

and there was a good active demand.

The Nagle Packing Co. took the bulk

of the offerings. The close was steady

as follows: Best lambs $11@11.20;

fair lambs $10@10.50; light to common

lambs $8.50@9.75; yearlings 39.7561)

10; fair to good sheep $6@7.50~; culls

and common $4@5.50.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Nagle P. Co.

352 lambs av 82 at $11.25, 11 do av 85

at $11.25, 206 do av 77 at $11, 153 do

av 75 at $10.65, 192 do av 70 at $10.50,

11 sheep av 100 at $6.75; to Newton B.

Co. 9 do av 120 at $7.10, 6 do av 110

at $6.50, 6 lambs av 60 at $9.25, 35 do

av 70 at $10.75, 8 do av 75 at $10.50;

to Sullivan P. CO. 12 sheep av 95 at

$6.75; to Thompson Bros. 20 lambs av

60 at $9.50; to Hammond, S. & Co. 31

sheep av 100 at $7; to Nagle P. Co.

128 lambs av 85 at $11.10, 141 do av

80 at $11.20, 97 do av 70 at $10.85, 49

do av 75 at $11.10, 9'0 do av 75 at $11,

14 sheep av 80 at $5.50, 9 do av 120 at

$7.50, 12 do av 95 at $6.50.





099-

Beceipts 8833. In the hog depart-

ment the market was. 5@100 higher

than on Wednesday. Pigs were sells





ing at $7.75 and yorkers and heavy

grades at $8.25@8.30. .





T





Friday’s Market.

Fe'bruary 11, 1916.





Catt e.



Receipts this week 2868; last week

1730. Market dull at Thursday’s de-

cline. Best heavy steers $7.50@7.75;

best handy weight butcher steers $6.75

@7; mixed steers and heifers $6.50@

6.75; handy light butchers $5.50@5.75;

light butchers $5@5.50; best cows

$5.50@6; butcher cows $5@5.25; com-

mon cows $4.25@4.75; canners $3@4;

best heavy bulls $5.75@6; bologna

bulls $5.25@5.50; stock bulls $5@5.25;

feeders $‘6@7; stockers $5.50@6.50;

millrers and springers $35@80.



Veal Calves.



Receipts this week 988; last week

758. Market steady. Best $8@11.50;

others $6709.50.



_ Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this week 6,327; last week

5,012; market steady. Best lambs at

$10‘.75@11; fair lambs $10@10.50; light

to common lambs $8.50@9.50; year-

lings $9.50@10: fair to good sheep $6

@750; culls and common $5@5.50.





Hoqs.

Receipts this week 12,224; last week

10,915; market steady. Pigs $7.75@

7.90; others £38-.30@8.35.





LlVE srock NEWS.





 





 





The Chicago hog market has acted .





in a manner calculated to inspire the

greatest confidence among stockmen,

the best hogs selling recently above $8

per 100 lbs. for the first time in a long

period. This advance is in the face of

enormous receipts, the local and east-

ern shipping demands having been ex—

traordinarily large, while speculators

have taken hold liberally, aiding in

the upward movement. Hogs are show-

ing increased weight, although still

much lighter than in other years at

corresponding periods, recent arrivals

on the Chicago market having aver-

aged 200 lbs, comparing with 194 lbs.

a week earlier, 190 lbs. a month ear-

lier, 223 lbs. one year ago and 220 lbs.

two years ago. Prime heavy barrows

are still sought for by eastern ship-

pers at highest prices, and prime light

shipping hogs are doing much better,

with the best selling within a dime of

the best heavy weights. Prices of

hogs are very much higher than in

former winters, 1914 and 1910 except-

ed, and further advances are looked

for. It takes great numbers of hogs

for the fresh pork industry, and the

packers need all the hogs they can

get hold of for manufacturing cured

meats; pork and short ribs selling

much higher than a year ago, but lard

is lower, because of reduced exports.

Exports of cured hog meats are far

greater than ever before, and stocks

are small for the season. On the op-

ening day of this month the Chicago

warehouses contained 111,043,031 lbs.

of cured hog meats, comparing with

87,125,772 lbs. a month earlier and 162,-

142,173 lbs. a year ago.



Cattle coming to market are not av‘

eraging any too well in quality, with a

great shortage of prime heavy steers,

and a large share of the Chicago sales

of steers take place at $7.50@8.50 per

100 lbs, few going above $9. Condi-

tions are the reverse of those prevail-

ing a year ago, when there was a sur-

feit of choice beeve-s, the change be-

ing due mainly to unwillingness of

most stockmen to feed high-priced corn

for considerable periods, while. soft

corn has poor feeding properties.

Steers that would be classed as feed-

ers are selling on the Chicago market

for $6637 per 100 lbs, While good feed-

ers sell in the Kansas City market at

$7@7.75 and on the Omaha market for

$6.75@7.50. An important auction sale

was made in Denver recently of 142

carloads of stock cattle at $7.35 per

100 lbs. as an average price. Killers

everywhere are

preference for fat cattle of light and

medium weights, and heaVy short-fed

steers are bad sellers.





Stockmen of central Missouri state

that because of the advance in corn 1‘

prices, the margin of profit in cattle is f

so small as to lower feeding operations '





materially.

FIRE! FlRE!_ FI'RE!



W'e shudder at even the thoughts of

fire. Sometimes we think what would

we do if our house caught fire, or our

barn, or any of our other buildings, or

our automobile; try to put them out,

of course, but how? .



We had an opportunity of buying, at

much less cost than any of our read.

ers could, a lot of fire extinguishers,

and of the best sort—the “Fire Chief”

Dry Chemical Powder kind—supposed

to be the best for quick work. As a

rule, the time to put a fire out is as

near the start as possible. Farmers

have little fire protection; we figured

on that when we bought a lot of the

“Fire Chief” Extinguishers at a low

Wholesale price. We bought these

with our subscribers in mind and will

give them to our readers at cost. Full

directions go with each one. They

are instantaneous, sure. The $2 size

we will offer to our subscribers at $1,

or six for $5, while they last.





showing a marked,





 

 

 

 





 





ELEC





 





tric Light and Power Lilies





matter where you live. .ihe





yen-Irina '





ASK us To SEND CATALOG M





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





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many-year Capacity





 

 





Ian Francisco,_ Chicago,





 

 





 

 





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1*.

tmw

55





Study the Metal Silo

vest.





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ornamental.





é. 39

Metal ‘

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MEHIEL- ”ii

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fit“





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ELECTRIC LIGHT .

PLANT .





lights house,bams, and ontbuildin at lowcost.

Operates many utilities. also.





risk Any text.

The Edison non-acid Stor Battery bears a

Gnaraggge.





JMSOH STORAGE BATTERY GO-

237 Lakeside Ave.. Orange. N. J.



New York,

DUN-Mora Everywhere



DETACH AND ML TODAY





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before you in-





Thc ZYRO Pure-Galvanized-

Iron Silo is air-tight—no spoilage—

anti-corrosive—sto rm proof—outlives





CD'S to erect—





Get our Free Proof

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—ZYRO owners never regret their se-

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Also ask us about

Z Y ‘ o r n

Cribs and Grain

BmS- The Canton

Culvert & Silo C0,.





301608 cmo.





 

   

 

 

 

 

   

 





 

   

 

   

 

 

   





No QYBQ owner .





ever regretted it





Think for yourself—you don’t do the

things today your grandfather did.





 

 

 

 





L. C. HUN l‘.





 





rl u table





vl‘isingly low. Size over all—3’ ll"





meats.





civilian and prices.

[rely-d. Machine h Foundry 00.,

361mm 81”.. Norwich. N. Y.





 





Haw and shingle mills and hoists.





It isn’t rating

but actual de<

livered power

at small cost

that you want.

C h a p m a n

Engines saw

22 cords wood

or lrind 5) .

bushels c o r n

with one gallon

gasoline. Cut

and elevate u.

ton-of cnsilnge

for 2c. Stall:





Emery grinders,

Engine Works. Box F 95,





HAY

HA





Ship your

Highest





OUR





 





7", [collie—selected hardwood.

rigidly bolted. well painted. Many

exclusive advantages and improve—

Dnn't buy any wood sawing“

machine until you gotour descriptive





Migra,

wo Dd sawing and drag saw machines,





E. L. Richmond (10..





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

   





K





good

Market Prices.

Detroit





r-Save ss-and Make More

Save hired-help wages. and make money sawi ne wood

for your neighbors, by investing inthis easy running





inland Wood Sawing Machine 3‘83





No vibration, stur’y mnstructim.

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what you want and get our prices on guaranteed power

also on Sprayers, Pumps. Eusilage Cuttérs, Feed Mills

wood saws and Forges. Address

Marcellus. lWichignn





quality to us.





NEW LOCATION——

W Web-II Bldg. Pittsburgh. Pl.

Daniel McCafftey’: Som Co.





 





Yards, Toledo, 0..

get highest prices and best fills.





 





American Butter 8:





HE KARPS'I‘ER COMMISSION 00.. Union Stock

Sell live stock on commission,

_ Try them. Daily

market, force of Six looks after yo u 1: interest.

Fmancmlly backed by over SLED.“





F‘mffls—We are paying from two to five «at

_ above the highest. ofioial Detroit Market

quantum for your eggs shipped direct to Is by 0:-

press. Write us for imformation. It will pay vou.



Chou. 00., Detroit, Mich





35—259





ICATED SALTTOO mom





No stock owner should pay 4c to Sc per

-. for Medicated Salt when he can make

‘it for I’Ac to 2c per pound by buying the

w ' and uh separately. It in very easily

mixed by hand with a shovel. The best for-

. malt. known is that used. in Blackmail Medi-

‘ cated Salt Brick, on which there is an enor-

mous trade. '



The Brick and formula was originated 5

few years ago by Dr. G. B. Blacks-nan, a veto

'erinm- 'an of twenty years’ experience, and

‘graduate of the American Veterinary College

of New York City. Other veterinarians use

' and recommend it, on account of the splendid

formula. and its great convenience.



A package of this medicine sufiicient for 100

lbs. of salt, costs only $1.50, delivered. It is

cheaper in larger lots. It will clean the worms

out of your stock, purify the blood. straighten

out ,their kidneys, and make them look a

eel like new creatures. Satisfaction is guar-

anteed or money refunded. Some stock owners

,not only mix their own medicated salt. but loll

to their neighbors and double or treble their

money. Try it once and you will alwnyi ate it.

‘ Rlackman Remedy Co., Chattanooga, Tonnes-e0.





DUNHAM§

' Pemhemns





For Filly Years The Best





Send for fine Photographic

Catalogue.





D u n h a m s,

WM§_WPSXJWPE





Percheron _ fluuurlunily





 





 





 





 





 





 





70 must be sold to close, estate.

Purebred Percheron mares at 32504600.





‘ American bred Stallions $800-$000 few





higher. No salesmen need apply, we

deal direct and give terms to respon-

sible parties.



A. A. Palmer, Estate

(11.13.) Orleans. (PAL) Beldlnc. Mich.





20 Head of Percheron 20





Stallions and Mares

As good u." can he found. [toy-ally lmui, some of

them by the gi‘mtttlrllmm). t ‘hampi: )H (Janina mum).





All recorded in P. S. .\. Httullmok. if you want

good onus tome and sue me . ’l'liejfi pill be

priced right. .



H. A. 83993 a SSH, ll. 0. No. 4. Malena 0m.





 





Registered Percherons

'2 rising two year old Pun-heron Stallions weight 1550

and 1600 lbs. Priced to uni. Inspection Invited.



' L at)“ Rapids. Michigan.





 





'Perchuonleolsieman us, Sim shines, Hum:

DORR D. RUEFL:A lmka. ichlgan.





FOR S A] Be Registered Percheron Stallion Mars



and Fillies at. reasonable ricee. In-



pection invited F‘. l. '{lN‘G k901i. Char one Mir-h.



Pa‘ of black Registered Peri-heron Mares in foal



11' weigh isms... Price Wm»). M...» mm.» mm.

ngsopolls, Mich.





Joseph Parker,

Pair of Grey Reg.





FOR 8 A L E- Percheron mares





4 and 5yrs. old. Safe in foul. full sisters. sound good



workers, Weight 3100. Price $923. J. .‘J. Hicks & Suns.



R. No.2, Bell Phone 1114. :t't. Johns. Michigan,

—Blzwk Pen-heron Stallimu





For sale :5 yrsg‘lfl. wt. l‘CT‘l. right every

way. Extra good one. a bargain if taken «011.1

“’m. Bird. St. Johns. Mlch.





LOESER BROS.

We have 100 head of Belgian and l'er-

clieron Stallions and mares. imported anvi

home bred. Wehave sold pure bred horses

in Michigan for the last 25 years,and have

the right kind, and at the right, price. We





can supply any numberot'work horses, both

geldings and mares. Get in touch with us.





LIGONIER. INDIANA.





JACKS

AND

MULES





Raise mules and get rich. 200

head fine large jacks. jen s

and mules, H to 17 hau 3

high. Large registered jack!

and draft Sta llions cheap now

Will trade for sheep, (-attleor

horses. W ri tefor prices today.

Stock guaranteed. Address

KREKLER'S JACK FARM





 





 





 





. i .

West Elkton. Ohio

OH SALE v2 Belgian Stallions one Imported lilym.





 





old Buy, weight 1310') lbs. (hits to show. ()u -

istered Home bred 3 years old Bu). “eight 2.1119135:

outstanding good ones, would consider an vxrhangfiof

one of them for Imothvrequal)’ as 7oml. if interestel

write. OSCAR WOLF, St. Louis. ‘iWii-higauf





RUFUS B. HOLMES 60.





High and Rtopene 96.. We. Mien.

Commission Merchants





Poultry. Live or Dressed, Dressed Hogs, Calves.

Sheep and Eggs. Reference. Peninsular Savings

Bank, Sullivan Packing Co. Shipments Solicited.

Satisfaction Guaranteed.
260—36





TRAWBERRIES





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tgday .SX"So.i§l'wi°ii’.i’ ‘3

II. M. KELLOGG C0.

Box 575





Three Rivers, Michigan FR“





 





 





 





 





 





Maple Syrup Makers





You get best Results with our

Champion Evaporator





Quick work. fuel sav-

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BEST QUALITY

OF SYRUP.





Write us for CAT-

ALOGUE.





 

 

   





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Free for Testing

A air of meted EVERBEARING

STRXWBERRY PLANTS FREE if

ou will re ortas toyour success With

{berm Will bear loads of )2, red.

berries from June to November. We

» have coun d 480 berries. blossoms

. on title on a single plant..A ostal

will bring theéilants. also enoaf seed

of the new EREAL FETE TA to

plant a rod square Offis’r‘md' Alcoa

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THE GARD ER NURSERY COMPANY

Box 143. Osage. lows.





Plant Strawberries





We shi p plants safely to any part. of the United States.

anc the VERY BEST for farm orgardenOULTURE.

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Greatest money maker before the American public.

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Bridgman Nursry Co., 80x95, Bridgman, Mich.

STRAWBERRI ES 32.32%;3





Iokoly'o famous Mlchlgall plants. Only hardy well

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J. u. ROKELY. BOX 6. BRIDGMAN. MIC .





Strawberry Plants





1.00 per 1000,.tc. Best Michigan Stock. 100

varieties inclndlnl’ Evorboororo also Graves. Raspberries ond

other small fruits. Send today for FREE Catalog.



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Strawberry Plants





Guaranteed as good as grows at. $1.00 per





 





 





 





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0 0

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STRAWBERRY iNIl SMALIFBUII PLIIIIS

Reliable Northern Grown

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Catalog Free.





 





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WHOLESALE PRICES





user-inborn Plants. Many other vnrleties and Ell-£31: roots





' . C tnI FREE. Write to

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Pla ts, $1.65 per 1000. Truthful. valu-

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$25 For strawberry name. Other big prizes

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AUGUSTA BASKET COMPANY





41 -5? lManufacturers of

' Best Qualtiy Fruit

Packages, B as k e t s.

,1 Crates, ctc.





... ~ / Write for 1916 cata-

/ log and price list,

1 Augusta, Mich.





assasswoon ounm‘s". 30* 52-





 

 

 

 

   





.. » _ » -, .. » . , .--~.»-~. wwu're-fiwfvsnu—‘r—“v «





THEM-ICHIGA





Practical





GASOLINE.





(Continued from last week).





Proportions of different grades of

gasoline vapor that air will carry at a

temperature of 17.5 degrees C.





Proportion of

Grade of Gasoline Vapor

Gasoline. Per Cent.

ICleaner’s naphtha . . . . . . . . . 5.0

64 dogs. B. gasoline . . . . . .11.0

69 degs. B. gasoline .. . . . . . . . 15.0

.73 degs. B. gasoline .. . . . . . . .28.0





I It win be noticed that air will hold

Ealmost six times as much vapor from

{the lighter gasoline as from the heav-

gier cleaners’ naphtha. If the lighter

land better grades of gasoline are heat-

led, their vapors, when a light is ap-

plied, also flash and burn at lower

temperatures than do the heavier

grades. This difference does not mean

that some gasoline is a dangerous in-

flammable liquid and some is not. All

grades are classed as highly inflam-

mable and dangerous liquids.



Comparison of lnflammability of Gas-



oline and of Gasoline Vapor.



If one takes the cover off a. pail of

tightly incloscd gasoline and applies a

match to the surface, the gasoline will

flare up and burn as long as the gas-

oline lasts. On the other hand, if one

puts a few drops of gasoline in a small

tightly inclosed pail, waits a few min-

utes, and then introduces a. flame or

an electrical spark a violent explosion

will most likely result. In the first

case the vapor burns as fast as it

comes from the gasoline, and mixes

with the oxygen of the air. In the sec-

ond case the oil vaporizes in the pail

and mixes uniformly with the air

therein to form an explosive mixture

and upon ignition explodes. Conse-

quently, when one hears of a disas-

trous gasoline explosion one may be

sure that the explosion resulted from

the mixing of the vapor from the gas-

oline with air in the proportions nec-

essary to form an explosive mixture.



One gallon of gasoline when entirely

vaporized produces about 32 cubic feet

of vapor. If a lighted match could be

applied to pure gasoline vapor in the

absence of air no fire or explosion

would result. Gasoline liquid or vapor,

like any other combustible material,

needs the oxygen of the air in order

to burn.



Explosive Range of Mixtures of Gas~

oline Vapor and Air.



It is fortunate that gasoline vapor,

flike other gases and vapors, needs a

certain proportion of air before an ex-

plosion can take placc. The author

,found that in 100 parts by volume of

air and gasoline, an explosion will not

take place if there is less than 1.4

parts of gasoline vapor or more than

six parts. In other words, the cxplo-

sive range is between 1.4 and about

six per cent of vapor. Flashes of flame

will appear in mixtures containing

considerably smaller and larger pro-

portions of vapor and considerable

pressure will be developed, but propa—

gation through the mixture will not

take place.



Although the range of explosibility

mentioned is narrow as compared to

that of many other mixtures of com-

bustible gases and air, yet, the propor-

tion of gasoline vapor representing

the lower limit is small, and indicates

the great importance of not allowing

even a little gasoline to be exposed in

a room, because of the small quantity

of vapor needed to make an explosive

mixture with all the air in the room.

If one gallon of gasoline is allowed to

change completely into vapor simply

by exposing it to the room air, and if

the room is gas-tight, the one gallon

can render explosive 2,100 cubic feet

of air, the amount contained in a room

measuring 21x10x10 feet.



In the actual use of gasoline such

conditions seldom exist. However, an

assumed case may be that. of a person

filling an open pail from a larger tank





 





 





 





 





ElllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllIlllllllllllllll||llIlllll|lllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIi|llIllIlIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllfi





N FA RIM'v-E R-





E"IllllllllllllllIIlllllllIllI|lIlllllIl|lllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllilllllllllllllllllh, lllll|llllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfil‘l





Science.





 





or using gasoline for cleaning. When

the pail is first filled with the gaso-

line, a small volume of pure gasoline

vapor forms over the surface of the

gasoline. Just above this layer of pure

gasoline vapor is a mixture of vapor





and air; at some point there will be .





an explosive proportion, and farther

away from the pail there will be a.

small proportion of vapor, and still

farther away no vapor at all, but pure

air. However, all the time the user of

the gasoline is at work, the vapor

keeps forming, from both the gasoline

in the pail and that applied to the ob-

ject being cleaned, rendering more and

more air inflammable or explosive until

finally there will exist a dangerous at-

mosphere that may completely sur-

round him, so that a chance ignition

will envelope him in flames and per-

haps cause great damage to property.

Ignition of the gasoline vapor may take

place even some distance from the gas-

oline in a room adjoining the room in

which the person works. As the gas-

olinc evaporates, and more and more

vapor is given off, it mixes with air

farther and farther from the gasoline

and, if the evaporation lasts long

enough, may travel to an adjoining

room where it may be ignited. On ig-

nition a sharp flash will travel back

through the. adjoining room to the

room where the gasoline is.

Resume.



At ordinary temperatures air will

,hold about five to 28 per cent of gas

oline vapor. As gasoline vapor is

about three times as heavy as air, in a

room containing a mixture of the vap-

or with air the vapor is found in larg-

est proportion near the floor.



The limits of cxplosibility of mix-

tures of gasoline vapor and air are be-

tween about 1.4 and six per cent gas-

oline vapor, although dangerous flash-

es may be produced with mixtures con-

taining less and more than these pro-

portions. In other words, there is

needed only a small proportion of gas-

oline vapor to render air explosive—

].4 cubic feet of the vapor to 97.5 cu-

bic feet of air. One gallon of gasoline

can, under ideal conditions, render 2,-

000 cubic feet of air explosive.



A dangerous feature of gasoline

vapor is that it may travel a consider-

able dislance from the gasoline and

there be ignited, the flash traveling

back to the container of the liquid and

causing a roaring fire in a very few

seconds.





CATALOG NOTICES.





“The Plain Truth About Seeds that.

Crow,” is the caption of Burpee’s Seed

Annual for 1916, sent upon request by

W. Allee Burpee & Co., Burpee Build-

ings, Philadelphia, Pa. This is a 182-

page illustrated catalog listing a com-

plelc line of farm, garden and flower

seeds.



The “Bull Tractor Bulletin” is a pub-

lication gotten out by the Bull Trac-

tor Co., Minneapolis, Minn, containing

much valuable information with re-

gard to the economy of tractors in

practical operation, and useful hints

on traction engineering. Write for a

copy, mentioning Michigan Farmer.



Rumely threshing machinery, includ-

ing traction engines, separators and

accessories, gas tractors, tractor equip-

ment, etc, are fully illustrated and de-

scribed in the handsome 40—page cata-

log sent. upon request by the Advance—

Rumely Thresher Co., of Laporte, Ind.

Readers interested in threshing or

tractor outfits should send for a copy,

mentioning the Michigan Farmer.





German Nurseries & Seed House,

Beatrice, Nebr., send upon requst a

complete 128-page catalog listing a. full

line of fruit and ornamental trees and

plants and vegetable and flower seeds

as well as general farm seeds. The

catalog is well illustrated with half-

loncs reproduced from photographs of

trees, fruits, etc.



“Strawberry Plants that Grow,” is

the title of the 1916 catalog of C. E.

Whitten’s Nurseries, Bridgman, Mich.

This catalog contains illustrations of

many of the standard varieties and

specialties offered by this company.





 





   

 

 





 





.. .r ~- . ~' r.





FEB.“ 19, 1916. ‘“'





 





Don’t Sow





CLOVER





until vou have received your copy of the

latest ook on Alfalfa and Clover prepared

by four of the foremost Agricultural

Authorities in America.





Here are a few chapters showing you the

wealth of valuable information necessary

to grow this money crop;



i. Clover, the foundation? of permanent

agriculture.



2. The proper time to sow it.



3. How to sow it and at what depth.



4. The value of sowing in rows 4 inches

apart.



Results from hundreds of Michigan Farm-

cr users over a period of five years have

conclusively proven that seeds {drilled at a.

regulated dcpth 4 inclics apart with Excel—

sior Clover Drills produced excellent yields.



Seed this year is: very costly. You can

snve_1nnny dollars by sowing your seed

with an Excelsoir Drill and save enough

seed in 30 acres to have the drill free.



JOE WING said the Excelsior 4-inch will

revolutionize agriculture in America.



A. B. LYMAN. liitroducer of (irimm

Alfalfa. says: “The Excelsior willmore than

pay for itself in one season in seed saved."



CHAS. )IETCALF, of San Angelo. Tex.,

got a. better stand with 10 lbs. of seed with

his 3 Excelsior Drills than when he broad-

casted 201bs. the old way.



Don’t scatter your costly seed on top of

the ground to birds. wind and rain. l’rofit

by cxpcricnce of othcr reliable farmers and

use an Excelsior 4-inch Drill on your farm

and get better results.



Reduce your seed bill one-half.

of a stand of clover-



You will get these results by [learning all

about (‘lovcrs and Alfalfa, and what the

rcsults are when thcse seeds are drilled

with an Excelsior.



Write for this book, which regularly sells

for 500. ltwill be mailed toyou absolutely

free by mentioning The Michigan Farmer.





EXCELSIOR DRILL COMPANY,

SPRINGFIELD, OHIO





Be sure





 





 





 





'THE BEST

EARLY





TOMATO





m insurer;





Send us tho names and addresses of ton

growers interested in GOOD SEEDS and we

will mail you one of our 1916 Catalogo and





a 25c. pocket: of this

sensational early To- F RE E

mato Seed absolutely





Sold only in packets—~25c. each, 3 for 50¢.

Our Illustrated Catalo contains full de-

scription of this Won erful Tomato and

hundreds of other High-Grade Garden and

Farm Seeds. AlsoTHE MOST GENERDUS



COMBINATION OFFERS





ever made by any need house. Send tho

List Now. You will be well repaid.





The c. E. DoPuy Co., Pontiac. Mich.





 

 





 





 





 





 





lsbell's famous garden complete {or

$1.00-a regular old fashioned garden that will no-

sure you of plenty of line vegetables. Standard

varieties put up in full size packets. Beans. Beets.

Early Cabbage. Sweet Corn. Cucumber. Lettuce.

Parsley. Radish. Extra Early Tomato. Choice Late

Tomato and 1 qt. Onion Sets. Plant this garden-

you can't so wrong—lobe“ seeds are sure to now.

Sent complete poatpsid for $1.00. Complete cul- ‘

rural directions with all seeds. We grow our own

Iced and ship direct.



Send for lsbell'o 1916 Seed Book

lobell's 1916 seed annual now ready. Send for copy.

Shows all the new and standard varieties. Saves -

you money on seeds. Write for book today.





5. M. ISBELI. & C0..804 Pearl St.. Jackson. Mic;i





   

 

 





 





   

   

   

 

 





 





 





GOOD As CAN BE GROWN

Prices Below All Others





I will give a lot of new

sorts free with every order

I fill. Buy and test. Return

if not 0. K.— money refunded.





Big Catalog FREE

Over 700 illustrations of vege-

tables and flowers. Send your.

and your neighbors' addresses.





R. H. SHUMWAY. Rodd“ Ill.





01? kets Seeds—10c.





We want every reader to test “HARRIS SEEDS 'I'IIA‘I'

HUSTLE." Send 10c. now—before you forget for this

mammoth collection. We send you 20 separate ackets

finest vaneties—one each—of Boots. Carrot. Co hon.

Celery. Cucumber. Lettuce. Cross, Muokmolon.

Watermelon, Onlon. Poroloy, Paronlp, Radish. Sol-l-

ly. Spinach, Tomato, Mixed Poppies, Giant Cosmos.

Double lap C-Iondula and Children'o Iotanlcol Oar-

Ilon, a curiosit collection of flower seeds. With this col-

lection we sen rebate check for 10c. and big catalog of

world's finest seeds.





HARRIS IIOSJEED co..45o Main St. Mimosa-t,“

5000 B shel d 8 ed ()0 cl

Seed Born “ " ‘°‘“‘ ° "" '°





 





 





 





Oats, Barley, Alfalfa etc. 1200

Acres. 40 Page and... FREE.

W. N. SOARFF. Box 4. New Corlislo. Ohio





 





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19,, ”is.





 





, , Grange.





gmmwmnmmmumuwwmfi'

POMONA MEETING,





1





 





The Genesee Pomona Grange, which

met with the Davison Grange, Thurs-

day, January 20, had a successfulnm-

teresting and well attended meeting.

The meeting was opened at 11 o’clock

in the fifth degree, L. Wilmot, master

of Pomona Grange, presiding. After a

business session a survey of the

Grange field was conducted by Miss

Jennie Buell. There are 18 Granges 1n

the county and a large majority of

those were reported to be holding their

own or on the upgrade. .



The dinner was served in the dimng.

room adjoining the hall by the ladies

of the Grange, and although small 1n

number they proved themselves large

on hospitality. They had planned. on

dinner only, but after serving a chick.-

en-pie dinner to about 70 people they

found there was an abundance left for

a chicken-pie supper also.



The afternoon was open to the pub-

lic and was in charge of Mr. Fields,

lecturer of Pomona Grange. Mr. Smith,

who was to have given a talk on con-

stitutional prohibition, was not able to

be here, so the subject was given over

to the members for discussion. Sever-

al very good talks were given and _a

number of good points brought out in

favor of prohibition. One was that if

there was as much liquor being con-

sumed today as in the past, why had

the revenue from liquor imports fallen

off $23,000,000 during the last year?



Rev. Benson also gave a short. talk

on the subject. He said he believed

that the enforcement of the local op-

tion law was doing more to create a

sentiment in favor of state-wide pro—

hibition than anything else. Hey-gave

a very interesting talk on “The Village

Parson,” as related to the rural com-

munity betterment, referring to moi-

dents in his own life wh1ch had .con-

yinced him of the attitude a minister

should take toward the farmer as well

as those in other walks of life.



Rev. Schwarzkopf said that he had

heard of the Grange for a good many

years but that was the first Grange

meeting he had ever attended. He

told the farmers he wished to become

better acquainted with them and to

work with them if they continued to

carry on their work in the same good

spirit and to stand for so many good

things in which he believed. _ .



Miss Buell gave a talk on prohibi-

tion, also cooperation.



After school Miss Stockman and her

little band of second and third graders

came in and sang a song Wthh was

much appreciated by all.



Miss B-nell gave an outline of the



ork to be done by the Grange this

year according to the plans of the

state master. A subject to be taken

up by the Granges throughout the state

is “The Budget System.” .



The evening session was opened in

the fourth degree and was presided

over by the lecturer.



W. Billings gave a good talk on the

selection and care of the dairy cow.



A reading was also given by the

lecturer. _



As Pomona Grange had dec1ded to

assume responsibility for the weaker

Granges of the county in cooperatmn

decided to hold the next meeting at

Gaines in February as the Grange of

that place was reported not in a very

good standing.



_________._—





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





 





Notwithstanding the arduous duties

of January 28, at which time Charlotte

Grange dined 525 farmers at the. Com‘

mercial Club dinner, not to metion 50

or more who served and looked after

the kitchen work, there were nearly

200 present for dinner at Saturday’s

meeting and they enjoyed a splendid

dinner prepared from the food remain-

ing after the big dinner of the day be-

fore, which goes to show that liberal

provision had been made to entertain

their guests. There was much routine

business transacted at the business

session. The program was fine and,

as is not uncommon in Grange circles

some high-class talent which had been

hitherto lost to the Grange, was dis-

covered. Mrs. Frank Ford and Miss

Hazel Laverty both surprised their

audience with the very clever manner

in which they acquitted themselves.

Five candidates were initiated in the

third and fourth degrees, the work be-

ing done by the degree teams which

are rapidly being brought into form by

Mrs. Clarence Kiplinger and F. C. Cur-

tis. The work of preparing the dinner





on Friday for upwards of 600 people

was a gigantic task and those who

had the matter in charge are to be

congratulated upon the thoroughness

of the manner in which the work was

performed.





 

   

 





!





TH E Mic-HI

' mummmmummummmmmmg





 





EFarrncrs’ Clubs





@llllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlilIllliIElllilllllI||Illll!lIIIIllllllllllflllIllllllllllllfllllllllllllIllllmlllllllll‘fi .

OFFICERS OF TH E STATE ASSO—W

CIATION 0F FARMERS’ CLUBS. I





 





President—R. J. Robb, Mason.



Vice-president—C. B. Scully, Almont. '



Secretary and Treasurer—Mrs. J. S.

Brown, Howell.



Directors—Alfred Allen, Mason; C.

T. Hamline, Alma; W. K. Crafts, Grass

Lake; Edward Burke, St. Johns; Mrs.

C. J. Reed, Spring Arbor; Roy E.

Moore, Bellevue.



Address all communications relative

to the organization of new Clubs to

Mrs. J. S. Brown, Howell, Mich.





 





Associational Motto:



“The skillful hand with cultured

mind is the farmer’s most valuable

asset.”





 





Associational Sentiment:

“The Farmer: He garners from the

soil the primal wealth of nations.”





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





Four Townships Represented—Re-





 

 

   





GAN FARMER





 





SAVE MONEY!





Buy an All-Purpose Engine





Usable on Binders





work in future,





diggers, etc., in seasom ”





 

 

 

 





 





" I: Kerr Street





 





Professor 1. W. Dickerson, of the

Farm Mechanics Department, Univer-

sity of Illinois, says—“By all means

purchase engines for general purpose

of such design as

to work properly on grain and corn

binders, manure Spreaders, potato





 





 





Immerse}? ”F





ALL PURPOSE AND BINDER ENGINE





”@6563” Can Raem "





It Exactly Fills Every Requirement

4, H. P. size, fits 5, 6. 7 and 8 ft. binders and

sells at the low price of $150, including extras

not found on common stationar ‘

1 Get our Golden Harvest Catalog,

. describes this engine in detail—well worth

writi for. , fl -_ _ 7

' 9’

"‘ HEW—em”? ”marrow/(r





.lusma. MICHIGAN. (ASA.





en glues.

which





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





gardless of the sharp and cold day and





 





the rough condition of the roads, 3.

goodly number gathered at the home





Farms and Farm lands For Sale





 





of Mr. and Mrs. J. B. Taziman for the

February meeting of the Oak Grove

Farmers’ Club, of Livingston county.

Four townships were represented, Co-

hoctah, Deerfield, Osceola and Howell.

After the dinner the meeting was call-

ed to order by the president and the

exercises were opened by the Club

singing “America," with Mrs. J. B.

Taziman presiding at the piano.





   

 

   

 

   

 

 





 





eTHe Sdut h—Th‘e Homeland, .





FOUR TO SIX TONS OF ALFALFA, 60 to 100

bushels of com to the acre, $100 to $500 an acre from

fruit or truck, opportunities for the stock raiser and

tlairyman, a climate which means two to four crops

:1 year, pleasant home locations, attractive land

, prices, are things the South offers homeseekcrs. ()ur



publications and special information on request.





 

   





 





an'ecdl .





1!. V. mums

Souwrvm 15nd. and Mr. cal’l,90fltll0n By.

Ga So ellu m





RAiLWAV Room 13 Wuhlngton,n.0.





 

 





 





lowing a good literary and musical pro-

gram, Douglas Glaspie gave a short

address upon “State Affairs.” The

speaker greatly deplored the rise in

taxes; said they had doubled in the

last ten years and asked if this thing

continues what are we going to do?

He thought something must be wrong,

was in sympathy with the state insti-

tuitions but thought. they should live

according to their means, did not want

them to have more than the farmers;

said there was a commission appoint-

ed to ascertain the cause for the rise

in- gasoline, thought it might be well

to appoint a similar one to investigate

the causes for increased taxation. The

views held by those discussing this,

subject, however, were not as gloomy.

In fact, one gentleman remarked that

there was nothing to be deplored in

higher taxes, providing we had some-

thing to Show for them, and as to the

officers they were placed there by the

people and if they were not doing their

duty, it was our business as citizens

to replace them by electing better ones

that is, if we could find them. Another

speaker suggested that we commence

to live better personal lives, thought

if we should do so many evils would

vanish; he also advised that we work

for state-wide prohibition. Another

was of the opinion that increased taxes

at home, and the piling up of war debts

abroad were omens of a grander civili-

zation. W. O. Richards then gave his

address on the subject of “Organiza-

tion.” He claimed that the crying needs

of the day were economy and organi-

zation and cited as examples the Ford

motor factory and the German army.

He favored state-wide prohibition. This

subject was not much discussed as all

appeared to approve of the sentiment

expressed. Among the questions sub-

mitted through e question box was

one relating to reparedness.” This

question provoked quite a lengthy dis-

cussion. The majority were opposed

to making of this country an armed

military camp or allowing the muni—

tion manufacturers to pile up profits at

the expense of the yeople, and yet they

wish adequate defense in case of at-

tack; however, there was a minority

that favored preparedness on a more

extensive scale and gave as their rea-

son for such action that it was uncer-

tain as to who our northern neighbors

might be after the conclusion of the

war and also the possibility of foreign

nations pooling their interests and in-

itiating a war of conquest. At the close

of the program the Club adjourned to

meet Thursday, March 2, at which

time will occur the annual banquet.





Have Chicken-Pie Dinner.———Mr. and

Mrs. Samuel Schaffer pleasantly enter— .

tained the Gun Plains Clover Leaf

Club, about 70 in number, at their

home Saturday, January 29. It was

an all-day meeting. At noon a chick-

en—pie dinner, beside other good edi-

bles, was served. All did ample jus-

tice to the spread. After the sumptu-

ous repast .a pleasing program was

given, including several good discus-

sions—Mrs. Fred Myers, Cor. Sec.





‘





 





 





.‘3’MOVE TO MARYLAND





‘ Successors to A. J. Stevens d‘ (‘0.





96 Acres—$3800.





lo Cows. pr.horses, tools. machinery, wagons. corn





out}. hzw and potatoes thrown in by owner so he can





make quick change. 11 rm. house and ovcrshot barn.

both good repair. S3800 takes all. part cash and your

own terms for bill. Located in IJQIQ‘WUI‘C (,‘o.. Y.

which produces’dniry products to the value (ifs-1,702,006

in a your. All the butter for the U. S. Navy is made

hcrc. For traveling),r instructions see page 3 “Slrout‘s

Latest Bargains," mailed free. 6. A. Si rout harm

Agency. Dept. 101. 47 \\'. 34 St., New York.





FOR SALE: 35135133; il‘il‘b"? .§§§""i‘.}.ll?.3é





pasture easily cleared: barn 40x6! l't.. full hil‘if‘lllt‘lll.

tool slit-d 18x 40: good IO room house, hast-morn; \‘imnl-

shell; ice house; chicken coop: hog house: garage: 70

ton silo; good well; windmillnvuter in house a nil bum,

gas li hting plant for house andbzxrn also gas range.

“43 mi «as from county sent and 9 miles from railroad,

Unlimited free pasture available. Terms 3.30 per acre_

pnrtcush. Owner R. Shepard. Mtlo. Mich., R. I,





 





   





a The State for Thrifty Farmers. Delightful. healthy



'\ climate. Good Land, Reasonable rices. Close to big

- markets of la: cities of the net. Send for free

‘ descriptive ooklet & mag‘. .



“5“ STATE BUREAU ,o IMMIGRATION,



, ___1‘ 65 Hoflman Budding, Baltimore, Md. ‘





STOCK AND DAIRY FARM





160 Acres of Virgin Soil. 100 acres cleared stumped

and seeded down. 1&0 r0 woven wire fence. 6 room

house. 30x40 barn. 5miles from Gladwin or lienverton.

ling Bargain, write at once for descriptive list





Gladwln. (.‘0. Farms.

U. (l. REYN'HJW. Glndwin. Mich.





 





 





, You can not more mine for your

I .

Farmersl nlOlll‘)’ in farm prnrnrty in Southern

Michigan than any wilt-re in the l'uitcd States. I

interested write for free catalogue.

RYERS 8: BROWN Coldwater. Michigan

M ississlppl,





Southern Farms, A mm...

Tennessee. Cheap land for corn. stock or general form-

ing. Martin & Cole. 118 Madison Av., Memphisfl‘enn.





' ' ' ~Best general farming

cm' mohlgln Farm: country in world. Sold on

easyterms. \‘Vrito forlist A. CB. Bt‘llllillfl.llllstinum“it‘ll,



, 640 acres of good land in whole or in art:

Fat 83.9 . a rare bargain If taken soon. lnquixl‘e of

C. C. Whitney, 229 Shearer Bldg. Bay City. Mich.





120 Acres. adjoining town, bulldln 5

M0“ 38". Tlmbcr,2,000 Fruit Trees.A 'c. Disabilify

Sacrifice. $40 per acre. W. Whitehead, eulah, M ich





“More: IMPROVED NEBRASKA FARM





Fair buildings: close to county seat: stocked with 10

head horses. cattle, hogs and all kinds of small fowl.

Possession can be given at once. Price $18,000. Will

consxder any good Ohio or Michigan property.





 





 





303 Chamber of Commerce. Detroit. Main 509.





' 160 acre farm in Clinton Co.

For :a" by flwm‘. Mich. Two miles from good

Village and market, one mile from car line. eight miles

from Lansing. (‘nn be bought on easy terms for

about half price asked for other farms in the same

locality. S. M. HOLT. LANSING, MICH.,

108 SO. SVCA MORE STREET.





Forty acres good llll(‘l("ll‘Pll l‘l l ‘ \l



u . r A n: In . out.

For 88“- mnrout-yf‘omiry’ No buildings, small tim-

lwr, gnml rmuls. 'Ru'llll‘llflil building to town two miles

;|V§';u_ $21iti,.l.H, llwuvl. um Lincoln .»\\'t'..'l‘nlmln. ()liio,





FARMS FOR SALE--—()ne of RO acres. one 160 acres.

one fill) acres and one 320 acres all well fcnccrl and

good sml, good buildings and fruit trees bearing.

A—ZZI‘.) cure M'ichignn Farmer, Detroit.





Box





80A. improvcd clay and sand-y lnnm, good buildings. water

.m house and burn, close in good mnket $8500.00. For

particulars Writ-o W. E. ancrw, owner, Valley Ctr” h‘lirh.





”4 ‘- swan Fm- l‘iglhztl?1g.ty'$illlnf mad'





. Hust-

Terms. Others. Evans-Txnney 00.. Fremont. Mich.





McClure-Stevens Land Co.





Established 1833.





F:xrm._Fruit. and Stock Lands. “'0 own 193.0(1) acres





.of choice unimproved hut! in Cladwi

mounties. ‘ I n and Clare





Sold on easy payments. Inte " ' ~

Write for information. ‘ H at 6 p“ ‘ cnt.





Gladwln, Michigan





Cenlral Michigan Farms All Kinds.





Lists are free.





Phillip Llppert, Stanton. Mich.





-Slnlu consignments from



_ EGGS! 310‘ producer-sin your territory

bring attractive prices. Returns day



V arrival. efer to Dun or Bradstreet. Zenith



Butter & E3360. 355-9! Greenwich St" New York, N.Y.





 





following list of papers.





Acres oi opportunities





An illustrated booklet FREE. Michigan has hundreds

of thousands of acres of virgin lunrl, $3.00 an acre up.

Healthful clinmtc. Growing season forull crops. Ample

rainfall. Write W .l’. Hartman/L & 1. Agent. Room 285

Grand Rapids & Indiana Railway, Grand RnpidHJVlich





WANTE D—To hear from owner of good farm

or unimproved land for sale.





H. L. Downing, I04 Palace Bldg” Minneapolis. Minn





Michigan Farmer’s Uluh list.





' For the benefit and convenience of

our subscribers we have arranged the

Besides the

trouble



order





 





saved they save the

sending each





money

and expense of

separately.



EXPLANATION—The first column

gives the paper’s regular subscription

price. The second column price is for

the Michigan Farmer and the other

paper, both for one year. Add 50 cents

when the Michigan Farmer is wanted

three years, or $1.00 if the Michigan

Farmer is wanted five years. All combi-

nation orders may be handed to our

agents or sent to us, as is most con-

venient.



Write for prices on publications not

listed.



Subscribers to the Michigan Farmer

whose time is not up for one year or

more, may have as many other papers

as wanted by deductingr 50 cents from

the second column price. This takes

care of those who subscribed for three

or five years a year or two ago. .



We send sample copies of the Mich-

lgan Farmer only.



Mention if. you are a new or re-

newal subscriber. Renewals will be

dated ahead from their paisengajf;

See 91mm

tlon above





 





NAME OF PUBLICATION.





 





 





 





 

   





Daily. (6 a Week) on R. F. I). only.‘ 3 1



Free Press. Detroit. :2 50,2 50

Journal, Detroit.... . 2 501:3 70

Times, Detroit.................... ... ..201):100

Herald, Grand Rapids. Mioh..... ........ ‘2 50‘? 50

News, Gra Rapids.................. 2MP“!

Press. Grand Rapids.. ......... 2 0),? 2n

Courier-Herald, Saginaw.Mich.......... 2 50“} 50

News. Saginaw ............ .. . ‘2002 00

Tribune. Bay City. Mlch........... . Z 001:3.1‘.)

Blade. Toledo. ()hio..... 2 00;: 0E)

News-Bee. Toledo. ()hio.. .. . 2004‘: 00

State Journal. Lansing. Mich . .. . ‘1 00310!)





Tr] Weekly Newspaper: ~

World. N. 51.. cm .......................... 1 00;: m

Semi Weekly New-pane" !





Journal. Detroit, Mich....... . 100,1 %

“Weekly Newspapers ,

Blade. Toledo. ()hio........................ l 001:”

Commoner. Lincoln. Neb .................. l 01):] 05

Enquirer. Cincinnati, 0.................1001 05

Cattle. Sheep. Swine. Poultry, etc.





American Bee Journal. Hamilton. lin) 1 00,105



American Poultry Journal. Chicago. (m) 1 0011 2.)



American Pmiltr Advocate. dyrzu'ufie. 50 :5



reader. Chicago (m).. 1 00.1 3r

, .





American Sheep ,

American Swineherd. Chicago, (m) ..... 3, . 75

Broaden-1’ Gazette. Chicam, (W) .......... 10021 45

(3 men's Fruit: Grower. Rochester. (m.).. 5|)? 7!)





Hourd's Dairyman. Fort Atkinson, Wis. 1 00,1 2)

Jersey Bulletin. Indianapolis. Ind. (W) 1 00:13.6

Klmboll's Dairy Farmer, Waterloo. Ia,





(am) 25 ".0

Poultry Keeper, Quincy. Ill. (m)......... 10 7|)

Poultry Success. Springfield, 0. (m)..... 50; 7.3





Reliable Poultry Journal.Qninc .Ill. ) é

Swine Breeders‘ Journal. Indingapollg. 505 15





 





 





 





_ Ind. (la-m) ............................... 60: 3)



Michigan Poultry Breeder (mo).......... 50: 70

ooular “airlines.

Everybodys Ms zine. N. Y. City. (in)... l 50-] 6|)

Etude. Philade phia. PI. (ml-.... M. 1 50 l 6‘}

MoClures, Magazine. N. Y. City. (111).... 1 001 50

Muslcmn, Boston. Mass. (m) .............. 1 50 1 55

National Sportsman Boston. Mass. (in) l 00 1 15

People's Home Journal. . City. (m) 50 55

People’s Popular Monthly.DeMoines, Is. 75 65

Heddlook Magazine. Chimgn. 111. (m).. l 50 1 56

Renew of Reviews, N. Y. City. (m)...... 3 00 3 0|)

Ladlel‘ or Household.



Delineator. N Y. City. (m)..... "..."... 1 50 l 6)

Designer. N. Y. City. (:11)... .............. 75 l 05

Housomfo, N. Y. City (m)... ............. 50 80

Ladies World. New York Cigy (111).... I 00 l 25

McCall’s Magazine roe Pattern.



N. Y City. (-1.) .......................... 50 '75

Mother's Mam. Main, 1". (111).. .. 1 60.1 56

Pictorial Review N. Y. City. (in) .......... 1 50 l 50

Today's’Mmz-ine and Free (In). 50f 70

Wm sflpm (humping 15.1th In 1 50.1 8’

Womans World. Chicago. (m)............ 35 I”



_ Religious and Juvenile.

American Boy. Do it Mich. (m)....... l 00” 5"

Boys Mugazine. fimech port. Pa (ml .. T 75

Little Polls. “on. Man. (my.......... 1 9‘

Young People's Weakly, Elfin. Ill. far.) 753 9’

Youth Companion. Boston. Mass-......“ 2 5
262—38 ' ,

BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY.





Change of Copy or Cancellations must reach us

Ten Days before date of publication.





CATTLE.





ABERDEEN ANGUS





If you are in need of anext r11 good bull or a few choice

01mg cows or heifers, we have them for Sale. Our

he r11 is headed by the Grand Champion Black

Monarc h 3rd. We invite you to come to our I": arm 1111-1:

see them. They are bred right and (priced right. U.

lark, Hunters Creek, Mich. Si ney Smith Mgr.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS





HERD ESTABLISHED IN 1900.

TROJAN- ERICAS and BLACKBIRDS only.

film breeders of Percheron. Hackney and Saddle



orses.

WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionia. Mich.





 





 





Four young bulls also young

Aberdeen Angus cows and heifers. Extra good.





Priced rasonable. Inquire F. J. Wilber, Clio, Mich.





Pui‘c brcd Angus 1'11ttII-.So1nc

For sale extra good bulls I’riccs reason-

able. ANDREW I'J'.II‘IL V1-1'111o11t1ill1- \Ii1'.l1





 





‘YBSHIREs—One of the foremost dairy breeds ’lhe

mo-It economicalmilk roduoers. Calves

for sale. White Leghorn oockere s; Duroc Jersey

swine. Michigan School for the Deaf. Flint. Michigan.





THE VILLAGE FARM,

Grass Lake, Michigan,

GUERNSEY CATTLE.





 





MILO I). CAMPBELL CHAS. J.ANGEVINE





BEACH FARM

GUERNSEYS





No Tuberculosis 0r Abortion





\\'1- 111'1- otl'cring :1 1111111111-1' of 11111-llcgist1-I'1-1l1-o1vs

for mic. >111n1-oftlI1-.\1-1-o1\'.< 11111'111‘11115111-11thciI‘

A. 1:. I1E.~t 111111111111-1's soon will with i'1E1'oi'dsi‘1'oni

411111113211111>.ol' tut in mm _1'1-:11'.\\'1-111:-'o 11111'1- 111-g.

111.11 1'111111‘ from .\.l't.1-o11'.~'loi‘ 5111c, 11.151111110111111

old enough 1'111'51-1'111-1- \\‘l111.\1', linni's record is

01‘1-1'1121111134.ollnt as 11 1‘2 )‘1-111' old.





CAMPBELL 8 ANGEVINE





Coldwater, Michigan.





GUERNSEYS— EEE'EEEEEE

BULL GALVEH

Containing blood of world champions.

HICKS’ GUERNSEY FARM. Saginaw. W. 8.. Mich.





 





. reg. forsale \I at1-r1'li1Et,.\Ii1h.\I11v Iiosc

Guel nseys Sc 11- 11 A 11. cows in iIcrd

Ad1lI'1-ss .I. K.Illal(‘lif()r1l,\111Iit111i111uT11v131'.Chicago, Ill.





V11\I)_AI. I) (1111- Inscv bulls all sold. Sorry to dis-

appoint Iliosc 1115111111: ourstock. (11111 registered

b11111'111\I-.II1EII Avondale Stock Farm. \1 113110 Mi1:.li





of service agc and calves from

Guernsey Buns choice. Adv. 1'1Eg. bun-ding.

T. V. HICKS, Route 1. Battle Ceeek, Mich.





(‘alves irom A. R. dams and Whose

Guernsey BU” dame-111m running for A. 11.0nc ready

tor service. (I. A. WIGENT, Watervllet. l\l icl.)





tor sale from A. R. dams. 2 heifers bred to

Guernseys trcslicn i11Ju11c.l 2-yr.-old bull and 3 bull

calves Geo. N. (wrawtord Holton. Mich.





Ilcgistercd yearling (lucrnscy

I or Sale: Iiull also llull (‘1111'1Er1. “"1111-

JOHN EBELS, HOLLAND, MICH. R. No. 10.

[KT/1 Fnr1111-',rs Prices RcListc-red Guernsey Hull c1'1111Es from





.‘_'.Ii 11 '11115 111111 11.111151101112tcfled If IlltIEI' stcd Wiite ior

pin-In. orLeiiingandpI'i1-1 BM rs A larnes, t‘oldwa or, 11th





Choice Guernseys For Sale (‘ 1111's——llllcltcrs





J \I \VlLl I.A\I.~‘1, NOR'I Il ADAM“, 311T Illnlgl AN.





Herefords—3 Bull Calves





ALLEN BROS. PAW PAW, MICH





E -l 11f 11 l -,.

HEREFORDE .9 :Ttllulldiihlglliéiiil: l‘)~.‘1f1‘1\i1li:1111>T1E digit





Itc gistcrcd. 1‘ remont,, Mich.





Do You Want A Bull?





Ready For Serv1ce.



From 11 grand daughter of The King of the

Pontiaca. Sired by 11111111 that is more than 11 half

brother to the Champion Holstein (ow of the

World. and whose dam is a 30 ll). 6% 11 fat daughtoi

of Pontiac, Aggie Korndyke who 11111-1 more 311 1b

daughters than any other living bull. It you do

write for pedigree.





EDWIN S. LEWIS, Marshall, Mich.





The Two Greatest Bulls





KING 01" THE PONTIACS

TIE K01. 211’s BUTTER BOY 3rd





I have young bulls from cows having high official

records and (iranddaughtersl e’of above bulls. Stock

extra. good. I’ r11 es reasons





BIGELIIW’S II0LISTEIN FARMS,





 





BREEDSVILLII. MI( 11.

H A T C H H E R D

YPSILANTI, MICHIGAN





Registered Holstein- Friesian sires grandson' s of

“"11r11l 21 greatest dnin sire, out of (hoice A. 1.1).

11111114111111 King Pontiac Jewel Korndv kc Brother of



I’. Pontiac 111181144. 15; average record of '10 dams in

his pedigree. 31. 25111 7davs: average per cent of fat.

thrcc nearest dams 4.15:7 of his own da1n4.93.Sir1Es in

Iil‘nb thrce gcnerations already have over 600 A. 11.0

daughters. A few females bred to “King'. Prices

reasonable.





OLHTEIN Bull Cali: Born Oct. 5. A splendid in-

dividual well grown and of choice 111-1111111111: pm“ 1.,“

LR (J rec.ord 111111017 days 18 041115.111i1k 419. 8 asaer. old. Sire

Albina Bonte Butter Boy No.93l24. W. II. Render. ”OWCII.MICI1





 





$19 0 Buys Reg. Holstein helfer8 mos. old andi

Bull 3 mos. old. at akin. Good

breeding FERI) J. LANCE, Sebewalng. Michigan





N

24th, 1914.

record 24.67 lbs. of butter and 515

daughter of Hengerveld De K01.





Burke De K01 Callam.

Keka Fayne.





De K01 Callam.

making big A. R. 0. record.





7 days.

—Burke De Kol Callam.





Callam, an A. R. O. cow.





No. 6.

——King Keka Fayne.





0131 test and will make a record

milk in 7 days





of his sire’s dam, Grace Fayne 2nd

7 days.





junior sire. His dam is the great.





These bulls are all registered,

and of perfect dairy conformation.

disease.





No.2. Lucky Burke Callam, born October 92.1111 1915

Dam—Lucky Girl C1111an1,no1v in official test,

and making big record. Her dam an A.



No. 3. Pet De Kol Callam, born October 231'1l,1915.

Dam—Pet I1 aIrmount De K01, A. R 0. record ‘19 16 lbs.

of butter and 406 lbs. of milk in 7 days.



No. 4. De Kol Callam, born November 24th, 1915.

Dam—Segis De Kol Callam, now in official test, and

Daughter of Pet Fairmount De K01, an

A. R. O. cow of nearly 20 lbs. of butter and over 400 lbs. of milk in





01211 test, making large A. R. 0. record.





record 17 lbs. of butter and 366 lbs.





 





HOLSTEIN BULLS





For Sale By

Callam Stock Farm





0.1. Prince Fayne Callam, ready for service, born December

Sire—King Keka. Fayne.





Dam—Lady Nig Volga, official

Grand-





lbs. of milk in 7 days.

Sire—

.0. cow.



Sire——King





Sire—~Burke





No. 5. Sir Clyde Burke Callam, born December 11th, 1915. Sire

Dam—Miss Korndyke Callam, now in 0th-





Daughter of Clyde Burke





King Keka Fayne Junior, born January 12th, 1916. Sire

l)an1~—Bessie\Vithroon Pauline 3d.





A. R. 0.

milk in 7 days. Now in offi-

of over 25 lbs. butter and 450 lbs.





King Keka Fayne, the Sire of Nos. 1, 3 and 6, above, is a son of

King Fayne Segis, a grandson of King Segis, Grace

Homestead, and a great grandson of Pontiac Korndykc.

s Homestead is 35.55 lbs. butter in

No better bull in the United Statesr





Burke De Kol Callam, the sire





Fayne 2nd’s

The A. R. O.





of Nos. 2, 4 and 5, above, is my

A. R. 0. cow, RockledgéE Callam,





whose dam is a granddaughter of De Kol Burke and Lord Netherland

De K01, two of the greatest; sires ol' the breed.

is by the noted A. R. O. sire, King Keka Fayne.





Burke De K01 (‘allam





choicely bred, handsomely marked

They are guaranteed free from





Write me today for price and description.





JOHN F. O’KEEFE, SAGINAW, MICHIGAN.





 





 





Sells 46 bred Sows and





boars Tho Pr ncipal IV and Brookwntor Cherry





Brookwator Farm,





1'11.~'t 11111E11E 1111- famous Holden )lodcl strain 111' liuiocs ot thc 111-st (2111 be purchased.

Illustrated Catalog and plan to spend March 4 profitably at





Ann Arbor, Mich.,





You arc invited to be 11111 guests at 1111111 11111111111 the





I 1E’11-11i11gbcl'or1-the $11111.

Maren 4 1111- 1":11'i11 Hab- Ilay.





 





March 4 I IIIIIIOII JERSEYS at AUCTION I March 4





As Good as the Best at Your Very Door





BROOKWATER FARM





Cilts and two ready for





Service Boars March 4.





A cordial invitation loath-n11 this 5:111- i51-xt1-n111-d to all 111'1E11l1-1's 11nd f111‘1111E1s. '1111 nth-ring will be

Closely Related to our State Fair Winners. '1111-111111 1111111- 11111 1-1-.<o11'< 111111 giltx 111-1-1ltot111Eg11E'11t





'llI1-onl1' place in the





King (-1111 111- Dill‘1ll‘1h'l'll.

Sand for





R. 7,' Dept. S.





I





FEB. 19, 1916.





Public Sale





February, 24,1916.

0f Registered Jerseys

From Maple Hill Stock Farm. Commencing at

1 1) 1"lo1 k sharp. 5 males from 4 to 20 months old.

16 cows and heifers. Ask for catalogue

C. W. Po e. Jones. ((assto )





ch.

1 E. mile north Newberg Sta. Air line division I01M.

.R. R. from Jackson to Niles.





Public Sale Feb 23,1916





30recorded lure St. Lambert and Golden Lad cows

and heifers, 5rcco1ded B1E1k~h11es bred sowsand gilts

tluec boars, all Masterpiece and Rivals Champion

blood. For information address





BEMILLER BROS.

Route No. 4 Elkhart. Ind.





HE WILD“ ()OD Jersey Herd. Registered Jersey

(lattle of Quality Fony head Tuberculin tested

Majcstv‘ .-1 Wonder 90717 heads thehcrd. His daughters

are producing from E100 to 136011151. butter in one year as

t11o 1e11r1111l heifers, and are bred to Majesty‘ 5 Oxford

For 13121-1 11c lussy Grandson of Oxford Msjesty thCh

combInes t1 pc and production. Alvin Balden Canac,lich.





 





 





 





APLELam-R. ofM. Jersey Herd. Tuberculin tested

by the I‘ S Government. For sale bulls cows,

bull 1- alvcs 111111 heifer c alvcs. 'i‘helowest record of any

mature cow of this strain is 553 lbs. of 85% butter.

RVIN FOX. Allexan. Michigan.





 





from high- producing dams,with

Jcrsey Bulls TOT sale testing Asso. records, also on

semi official test. 0. B. Wehner. 11. 6. Allegan, Mich





 





HILLSIDE Farm Jerseys. yearling bulls. solid

color half brothers to ex- world s-record senior 2yr

old and from B. of.M .dams v1 ith records from 400 lbs.

to 800 lb 0. and U. DEAKE, Ypsilanti. Michigan.





 





23 Hegislernd Tuberculin “”9" “my 0““ ‘0’

I A r

HEBDIAN HARM 31.8 Sii‘gesg‘louygglnféegiales





Registered and line bred Jerse

For 8818 = Cows and heifers. Tubercullii

tested. Chas. B. (‘ook Farm Owosso, Michigan.





BIDWELL SHORTHORNS





For “Beef and Milk".





Registered bulls,

Scotch- topped mans,

reds and 11 bite for sale.

1" arm at N. Y.( Depot;

alsoD. T 1111. R'y.





BIDWELI. STOCK FARM

1,11) BE-x B, Tecun 111211. Mich.





 





 





 





   





Albion htamp :1.)-





Shorthorn Bulls For Sale





12.3. 6 W.J. HOSLEY. Howell. Mich.

Shorlhorn Cattle oi both Sex 101' Sale





W. VV. IINAPP. Howell. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





filmiry or beef bred Breeding stock all

Shorlllorlls ages for sale at farmers prices. 1' w. Crum,

Secy. C.111t Mi1-ll.bl1orthorn Breedcu' Assn. McBride. Mich.





 





‘Ucllon Sale Mar. 1st 1916. 25 head shorthorns 7 males.

I1t“l ocust" on I). bet tween Almont 1!:

11111111' (ity. \VARNE'R BllORS. Almont. Mich.





 





. ilulls old enough forservicc, (‘olden

Two Shorlho II \\'1'.'Ii1dotte (o1- kcrcls (‘ollic pulppies.

S G. B LCHILR II. No. 5, Hudson Michigan.





I or Sale—~01“- rcd s1- otchbull 16111013. Sire

Shorlhorns l ppcI'miil ()11111..1 (inc “hitc. scotch to

pcd.>€irel5right SultanNV. ”111-(2111111111 Houcll Mic





 





 





111-1 1111111'3111111- to





I March 4





()1: 1 '1119— IH 111-g. Short Horn Bulls 111'M1ixwalton

Monurc 11 ‘211111 son ofAvondale, from" to li'lmos. old

John Schmi i,dt Reed City. R. No. 5.. Michigan.





 





 





Purebred Registered





HOLSTEIN

CATTLE





The I‘olstein-Fresian bull possesses a. strong

constitution, superior 11'c bclieve to that of any

other dairy breed. 111-11cc his value tor grading up

ordinary herds. A Cornell bullctiu describes results

secured 111 grading up its herd of twenty cows.

The cow, Freddie, three-quarters Holstein, 111

iorty—flve weeks produced 11,693'. pounds of milk,

containing 413 pounds 01 huttcrtat, or 3.53 pounds.

Ruby, three-quarters Holstein, produced in forty-

clght weeks, 13,574 pounds of milk. containing 430

pounds of buttcrtat. or 3.17 per cent. This shows

what a burcbrcd Holstein bull will do. Investigate

the big "Bluck—und-Whitcs."





Send for FREE Illustrated Descriptive Booklets

The Holsteln~Frleslan Association 0! America

F. L. Hougliton, Scc‘y.. Box I64. Brattleboro, VI.





 





 





 





 





 





' ' All from A. R. H. ”1111111. Semi—of-

Cho'ce "DISIeln BlIllS. yearly reco1'ds720Ibs. butter 111.11.

4yr. old class to over 1001111111. in mature class Brocdingflroas

"King of 11111 l‘ontiacs" and the “Dominick blood." (‘IIerry

Creel; Stock 1"111'111. Iiillinrds, Mich. 111.1'Z.I’111'1111E,Iec, Proprietor.





ALFALFADALEmwc





(11111111114 ugc d 1 11 v1 5 producing . 2. ‘14 lbs 111

butt1-‘1 in 711mm; 131'. 111115 produc 111g 2'11 711: 1’1 11.

olds producing 211.217 and 2312111115 2711191111 oliic inlly

t1-st1-1I. Sons 111111 l)1'111111-'1.~;1il' 1111-141 high 11- rating cows

for 11111112, (ieo. H. Gillespie 81 Son, Mason. Mich.





 





 





$5 g1- ts another ‘2 mo. old IIuHEI-lct grandson of



\l11pl1-1' I'cst 111- Kol I’11rtli1-111'1'1 111111 I‘o11ti111'

.\I;1i1li'.-lll ’ lb. bIIlt1-r1 davs. Ilum tram-s to Pontiac

K1)1'111l_\lt'1-t1vi11' l’i1tc1'tjc 2111111111-1E, l)1EKoI 2111i 1111-,

timcs. M. L. McLaulin. Redford, Mich.





I a q Ilcgistcrcd Holstein youngbulls

81 an arms 11f1'l1oi1'1-st III'I-I-IIiIIg 111315111 and

up. \ psilanti, Michigan.





Holstein Bulls Ready

For Service.





(irandsons' of Friend licngcrvcld l)1El{ol Butter

B111 and Pontiac \ggic Korndvltc. From high

re1oi1lAlt.l).1lams at farmers prices.





LONG BEACH FARM,

Augusta, Michigan. (Kalamazoo Co.)





 





 





Special Notice





Registered Holsteins for Sale.

Our present farm bcing more ‘1'111'1111blcforr1-111

estatcthan 1111ir1‘i'11rming, 11'1E 1'111- going to 1111111-

oui 111-1'11 further out from tho 1it_1 \V' 1- 11111' 1E t111-l11-

bull 11111' 1,- .; 11'1111'1111'111111- sold at pri1 cs from $.35 to

$1111.111111'dingtobr1-1ding—A rare chance to buy





abull1-111f11talo1vprice. . . .

Espanore Farm, Lansing, Mlch.





“T0 P N OTCII ” llolsteins





By (-arci'ul r1Et1-ntion,for many years of largest.’ .pro—





 





duc' 111g I'cmulc s and 1151- of supci'ior l-Il‘f‘fi, n. 1111-91 1111.; '

1





licrd of won1l1-rl'ul quailh has 111-911 1E.~'tnlIli.~III1-1I.Wc

1111- so Iling Voung bullsof tl1i5“l (II’ NU] (‘ I"1]111Ility

11f.~:'1-1111'-,1111111E age. at modc ratc prices. Information

pcdig11E1s,1Et1-. on application. MI I’HL'IISUN FAIHIb

00., Howell, Michigan.





FOR SALE Registered Holstein BullsA





ready for service. and bull calves, also females.

FREEMAN J. FISHBECK. Howell, Michigan.





 





 





' HULS'I’I'IIN lil'IiL. Sirc is son of former

HegISIered statc 1'11111111110111-1111', 32,514 lbs. 111' buttor'

in 7 1lI11s. 4 months old, mostly Wllitt', bcliutiful in-

dividual. 2‘111E111‘cst_ 11111115111'1-1'11111- ‘26 lbs. of butter and

(117 lbs. of milk in 7 1111151 55100 delivered, 14an arrival

guaianic -1E1l. W rile for pedigree '1111I photo.



H0 ART W. A. UN, MICH.





 





8 Reg. llolstcln heifers, 4 arcs months old and 4 11ml}

1111111111s,11t $10!! cacb. Also, 4 young bull calvcs at

$3511 catch. I'Ir11c..~t .A. lilnck, It. 3. Howard (‘.ity,;\li1'11.





‘ (‘omposcd of' Pontiac K111111I1k1'

Rlnkland nerd and ll11'1g1E11El1l 111-K111 Breeding.

John A. Rinkc. 1. ‘Varrcn. Ml1higan.





 





'I‘tlll Silll‘illcgistcl‘cd Holstcins, 3111111 calvcs sired

111 41'1‘1 ll).bull 11'11111'1 2% 181111 1111111. Also ‘2 III-il'cm 8

.11111 I. 1 ll]t)IlIIl\'()ltl W In. “1‘ iillll. II. \11. .1.I’i11w1'll. NIICh.





 





$150 lluys t11'oliig11gru1l1-, richly bred. light ('olorcd

Holstein lu-il'crs, I'm->11 soon from ‘26 III. Bull.





. B. REAYEY. Akron, Michigan.





MIIKING SH0RTII0RNS.Y“‘.1?{{.¥“.IIT15‘11?!"





DAVIDSON & HALL. Tecumseh. Michigan





3 Choice Shorthorn Bulls For Sale

11. ll. I’li’l‘l‘llts, Garland. Mich.

l 111



4 SlioIIIWIIII Billlsltngily(l1n§1111ilfrfd Tillllcleolsi'zoiiiig



3200 \V. BARR ALOHA, MICHIGA\





 





 





PULI ED Durhams for sale. pure Short Horns. bred

hornless Rose of Sharon and Young M ary. 2 bulls

121110. lOyoung cowsand Heifers. 1.. 1‘. Kelly,l'lymouth Mich.





 





Bull Calves and Heifers. Mule Foo

Pulled Durhams Boers. W. W yandotte (‘ ‘ockerelst:

Seed Oats, Barley. F RANK BARTLLT’T ,Dryden, Mich.





HOOS.

——G

Durocs 81 Victorias ac'gags'sns'n'r





In th bl

of Superba. Defender Much (‘ol 3 6 00d





r10 11 th

Afew young b'111rs.M.. STORY. {3:51.0Mieorh'.





' —Fine October )1 s both

Ionalion 3de BerkShIres so xcs sired by K1511' {111.011

1" rupci'or rogistc red with papc rs at fair priccs. Write

to .Vulc -ntine, Supt. ’.I1E.n1peuu1ce, Michigan.





‘ 01 best breeding. S 1011.11 )rice

BerkShlreS on two Spring fours.i

D. W.SMITH. ixom, Michigan.





SWIGARTDALE FARM





BREEDERS 0F

HOLSTEINS AND BERKSHIRES





Stock for salc at 1111 times, Ber kshircs of unsurpassed

quality and brccding, at rca sonable prices. A choice

bullculf nicely marked five months old, siie'sdam

with record or ovcr 27 pounds. Dam of call a grand

daughter of licngcrveld Do K01, Price $50.





Swigartdale Farm, Petersburg, Mich.





of best bree1ling,of various ages, either

BEI‘kSIlII'CS sex all rcgistc -red stock no akin.





spccial rcduc '-111 price. W ritc your wants quick

Mitchell's LnkcsideFarms, R 2, Bloomingdale. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





A B A R G A I N —.A beautiful purebred

1'11111'11-111 old Holstein

1-',11v1 n1E111'1v11'111t1-, good sizc 11nd largc pcrsistant





mill“ 1' brcd Io l'rcslu- -11 this fall.

GEO ..l) CLARKE. VASSAR. MICH.





 





' ' ' (‘ow the 1

Registered llolslems al hall Price. .111 ...1'1.,.,j.‘.‘322"7

Cow Iwi) years old. calf 111' Hide. eifc -r one your old

bred bull w'orld :1 rcc ord breeding. 23111.1111111 one

nor old. Sold «cparutcly or the. six head for $500. 00

Also H high grade cows for 11.):



Bell Phone.





 





Bull Calves and C

I Have Holstein Bulls, .1... .11... 1... .312“

I can show breeding, records, individuality and attrac-

tive prices. L. E (‘ONNELL Fayette 0110.





{Choice Holstein Bull Calves





Ready for service. World's Champion Pnrontngo





 





 





 





:IIILLCIIEST FARM- Kalamazoo, Mich.





..C BUTLER, Portland. Mich.,

' 5mos.old. Dnm n111de?»l6lbs.m Ik

"cg- "OISI'III Bully IR. ~16 lbs.1>uttcr71l11,\s. NictiEly





marked and well grown ,I.. It. (ornell. Howell Mich_





 





illie Farmstead Jersey Cattle. Bull calves from R.

of M. Cows. also heifer calves and several bred

heifers for sale. Colon (I. Lillie, Coopersvllle, Mioh‘





 





euevs. Bulls ready for service. 0extra quality sired

by Jacoba' s Fairy Emanon. from high





' Have a choice lot of‘milts. Iain breed-

BerkShlreS ingforspiing farrowing. W rite me

your wants. A. A. Pattullo. Deckcrvllle,MIch.





 





' Of 111rious ages (Either sex. open orbred,

BEIkSiIII'eS. prolific strains Reg istc red. at moderate

pI'I_cc,. Elmhumt Stock Farm. gAlmont. Michigan.





—Three nice spring gilts bred for Ma

nerkShireSr tarrow, one Pour ready ior Service}:

11111 Pigs elth Priced for quick sale.



RIVERYIEW'r FAXRM, It. Vassar. Michigan.





 





 





Re i i I. ("hester White males and females. Reg.

E s . Holstein male calves herd bull and cons.

Parham' s Pedigree Stock Farm. Bronson, Mich.





Bred sows and Fall p1 forsale

CIICSICI' Whfles also 9months Folstfiiln Bull.

.W. Alexander. Vassar. Michigan.





 





 





I f .

Caleol llord 11.J.8wme. 2,0,“,2Ffitim‘lgf’fie





press prepaid J. H. BANGHART. Lansing, Mich

Breeders’ Directory—Continued on page 263.





 





 





 





111

producing dams. SMITH 11'1‘ PARKER. Howell. Mich





 





iris-11“:





‘1





:1

.I

«‘i

1‘

' l

,1,
._

a

I.

§

‘3





\





.ervi. Mimic»,





,. L’s-53¢





«53:59.5an .5 2.





:2}





.mo'





 





Mm...” . .





 





FEB. .19, 35916.





E’lilllllIlllllllllllllllllll|Illlllllllllll|llllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllfi





lllllll





llllllllllllllllll





Veterinary. g





3%llllllllllll|lllllllllfllllllllllllllll|I|llllNlflfllllflllllllllllllllflllfllllllfllflllflfllllfllflllfllllllll

CONDUCTED BY W.‘ C. FAIR, V. S.





Unthrifty Calf.——I have a.calf two

months old that is not thrivmg and I

wish you would tell me what to do for

him. F. L., Dundee, Mich—Give calf

4 grs. of quinine and two-thirds of a

teaspoonfu of cooking soda at a dose

three times a day. '



Scarred Hind Leg—The white hind

leg of my three-year-old filly became

irritated while running in alsike clo-

ver and made the leg quite sore. I

succeeded in healing this sore, but the

hair refuses to grow, and the leg _re-

mains thickened. H. D., Tawas City,

Mich. If the hair bulbs are complete-

ly destroyed, hair will never again

grow on fetlock. Apply either vasehne

or wool fat lightly daily, with gentle

hand-rubbing.



Mare Took Cold.——-I have a four-year-

old mare that seems to have taken

cold, runs at nose and coughs very fre-

quently, but she is in good flesh, has a

fine appetite, and the remedies I have

given her have failed to relieve her

symptoms. F. H. 8., Homer, Mich.—

Mix together one part powdered sul—

phate of iron, two parts ginger, three

parts ground gentian and give her a

tablespoonful at a dose in ground feed

three times a day. Apply one part

turpentine, and two parts camphorat-

ed oil to throat three times a week.



Sore Necks.—-I have been a reader of

your paper for a year and have failed

to see treatment for sore neck; there-

fore, I would like to have you tell me

how to cure a case. I have washed

them with suds made by dissolving

carbolic soap in warm water and kept

the hair cut off short, but this treat-

ment fails to cure him. There is a

black scab on top of neck Covering

sore. C. P., Rodney, Mich—First of

all, an effort should be made by the

owner of every work horse to prevent

sore neck, shoulders and back; how-

ever, it has often seemed to me that

far too little attention was given to

the matter of securing a nicefitting

collar, then keeping it clean and disin-

fected while it is in use. Dissolve 1/;

lb. acetate of lead, 3 ozs. sulphate of

zinc a‘nd 3' oils. of tannic acid in a gal-





 





lon of water and apply this lotion two -





or- three times a day. The black core

that you speak of should be cut out

and the raw surface painted with tinc-

ture iodine occasionally.



Thick-winded.-—-I have a horse that

had distemper a year ago; ever since

then he coughs once in a while and

blows when pulling up a long grade. I

have fed him pine tar, also kerosene,

but neither helped him. H. J. 8., Good-

rich, Mich—Apply one part turpentine

and two parts camphorated oil to his

throat two or three times a week. Feed

no clovrr, or musty, dusty badly cured

fodder, and don’t feed too much bulky

food, when you expect to exert him

much. Give a teaspoonful of ground

ginger, 3. teaspoonful of ground gen‘

tian and a tablespoonful of powdered

licorice at a dose in moist feed two or

three times a day. His stable should

be kept clean and well supplied with

fresh air.



B. M. C., Sherman, Mich—See treat-

ment for thick wind, result of dis-

temper, this paper.



Chronic Sweeny.—-—My four-year-old

horse has been sweenied in both his

shoulders since last spring. Our local

Vet. treated him some during the sum-





mer and helped him, but he is not well. ,





F. E. S., Cassopolis, Mich—If the en-

tire inflammation of the shoulders has

subsided, ask your Vet. to inject with

a hypodermic syringe five drops of rec-

tified oil of turpentine in several plac-

es over the shoulder where the atrophy

has taken place, and in doing so sep-

tic measures should be employed. If

the animal is nervous and high strung

he will paw and fret some for eight or

ten hours, and I might say that this

treatment Will be found superior to

most of others in case of muscular

atrophy.



Mare Does Not Come in Heat.~—I

have two mares each seven years old,

one of them breeds every year, the





other every other year. The shy breed-A





er is either not in heat or is vicious

when she comes near stallion. T. Z.,

Peacock, Mich.-Dilating neck of the

womb gently by hand or with a sound,

or securing her and a forced service

might bring her in heat.





Stomach Worms—I have a mare

coming five years old that .Will foal

about the first of June, which is trou-

bled with stomach worms. A. F., Port

Huron, Mich—Mix together one part

powdered sulphate iron, one part salt,

one part ginger and three parts ground

gentian and give her a tablespoonful

at a dose in soft feed night and morn-

ing, but avOid giving her. cathartic





medicine.





_.





.. k p

’/ For-Stock /' V

and Poultry .,""a°- .12,





. «9.





Dr. LeGegirs

Remedies





One for

every curable

ailment





50c stock





Dr. L. D. LeGeur Medicine Co.,





 





 

 

 

 





THE ‘MI.CHI;GVAN VFARMER





Eaves feed!





Your profit in stock is measured not by

how much feed you give them but by flow

muc/z nouris/zmmt they get out of the feed.





Animals with poor digestion cut your pro-

fits by wasting feed and developing slowly.





Dr. LeGear’s Stock Powders





expel worms and put digestions in A—l condition. causing

your stock to get every ounce of value from the feed given.





Cows give more milk. horses get hardier, hogs develop faster, sheep yield

more wool when Dr. Lchar's Stock Powders are used regularly.

not mere "say-co" but actual results framed bath by

Veterinary Practice and by thousands of farmers. Test these powders

yourself—get a trial box today at your dealer.





This is

Dr. LeC-ear'o 23 year:





book free





If your dealer cannot supply you with any of Dr. LeGenr's Remadicc. tell

us his name and we'll send you Dr. LeGear’a own stock book free-

“6 pages and 64 pictures. Write today.





71 2 Howard St, St. Louis, Mo.





Each of Dr. Lchar's Zl different Remedies is his own prescription

tested in 23 years Veterinary practice.





As]: your dealer for them.





 





 

 





   

 





unvaried Sheepiianure

, 30% lucreaseflield





 





10 to '30 bushels increased

corn yield by applying

100 lbs. rlieep manure to

the acre. Dropped with

fertilizer at. t. a c ll:lllOll t.

Sheep manure is rich in

nitrogen, phosphoric acid

and potash. Also adds

humus. (treat for wheat.

meadows and other field

crops. Wonderful results

on gardens, truck patches.

lawns. small fruits. etc. SHEEP’S HEAD BRAND

is sterilized by'heat to kill all germs and weed

seeds. Pulverized and put into sacks for easy

handling. Write for prices delivered.



NATURAL GUANO C0.. 83‘ River St.. Aurora. lllinoil.





 





, .

«.3?





H008





 





TAKEN FROM LIFE -





Raise Chester Whitellpgs- ,

,. 9W .





   





l:





I have started thousands of breeders on the road

to success. have ovary large and fine herd. Ev-

ery one an early developer. ready for market. at. six

months old. I want to place one hog in each com-

munity to advertise my herd.





o. s. BENJAMIN R. No. 10.





     





 





cos f‘b





Poul-ml. Mlchlu-n





 





 





 





Saves Money DAILY





You have use for this Feed Cooker

nearly every day in the year.

“FARMERS’ FAVORITE"

PEI-III COOKER and BOILER

Bigger profits from cattle. hogs and

poultry by cooked feed. Heating wnur

', —wuliing. butchering. etc. sterilizing

mill cans. boiling spraying mixtures.

Pay: for itself on. season boiling sap.

Lime fuel-cob- to (dumb. 0 sizel.

Many advantages. Guaranteed satisfac-

tory or money back. Write for special

price-ll“ and circulars.

LEWIS MFG. 00.

64-78 Omen St" Cortland, N. Y.





 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





Dairymen !





—-The Truth





You may be prciudiccd against



the Jersey because you don't

lmow her. k be: up. She'-

ilie Money Cow.





Get This Book hint of

Si: breed and}?! (Ray glar-

_ _ ‘ in. tents och. t

This conclgifsivdoyalhat for pills; dairy ”prefix:

pmy pr ucnon. rl 'lk. l

Book life and adaptability to: m andn china-c:

-all lhcle combined—she stands way

abatéhcm all. Thin hook ”About one

a u cc. of . '

find it mighty good “‘53:.ch now on I

The AmericanJcrooyCattle Club

346 West 23rd Street. New York City





AUCTION





Wed, March lst., 1916





At l O’clock ,P. M.



Bi Heavy Boned Duroc Jerseys. 25

Bre Sows due to far-row in Mar., Apr.

and May also a few Fall pigs both sexes.

6 mm Horses of the dual purpose ty

Also 2 horthorn Bulls, 8 mos. old. ale

Will be held at in farm 6 miles east of

Lansing. Write or Sale Bill.





M. A. BRAY,





OKEMOS. (lngham Co.) MICH.





 





 





 





 





 





' Lon tv rolific kind. Orders

she‘l.r "Ml," booked foggpgin pigs. Write your

wants. Meadow View took Farm, . 5. Holland, Mich.





DUROC JERSEYS





Choice Spring boars and fine lot of gllto we are

breedin for Spring fin-rowing from Michigan

Master eceand other noted boars. .Prlres reason

able. ho Jennings Farm. 3.]... Bailey. Mich.





llllllflll JERSEY Illllli trill“? ‘°‘3§iil”l.'l.“db‘€i‘$g





l 5

not. akin. w. c. TAYLOR. 'iviiian. Mlchlgln,





 





-l'all and spring pi either sex. from

Bum JO“!!! choice “rains. . o. anemia.

CHERRY LAWN FARM. Shepherd, Michigan,





m



.l. “I KEENE'I Ella, MiCh- BgditdxelpdeBili‘doz‘gti/llgiz

D. M. JcTJooal from MOnroe or ’l‘oledo. Keeiiey Stop.

DUROC JERSEY Eilé‘liilisnlfdnfl é‘lllirilti“.





NOJWG‘W. Inspection lnvitedj. D. Haydon berkJVuyliiiid, llcli.





 





DUBOGS of the best of breeding. April (arrow.

Either sex. 'l‘he_gilts \vi 1 be bred for Apr.

fan-ow. rice 82).“) to moo while tlieylust.



H. G. eeslcr. R. No. 5.. Cusopolls. Mich.





UROO Jerseys. Yearling Bows dc gilt-ibred for Apr.

Dfnrrow to a son of Orion Cherry King the greatest Door of his

brood. Also tall pigs either sex. F. J. DrodtJlJ. lonroo. Kick.





0 Jerseys for sale—-a few choice fall pigs of either

“"30 sex. Fancy Bun Rock cockerels. JOHN

McNICOLL. Station A. Route 4. Bay City, Mich.





UROO Jersey.'l\lar. gilts breedjfor A ril. Sophpigs

either sex and Holrfiein bull calves ' l Registers-d





Holstein cows. ‘. MORRIS. Monroe, Mich.





DUROC JERSEYS Boats and sows all sold. Some

good fall pigs either sex for



sale. Wm.W. Kennedy, If. [3, Grass Lake, Mich.

yearling sow-i and gilts bred for Apr. furrow.





Durocs hug. Bears. Booking orders for Spring pigs at wean-

ingtime. E. J. ALDRICH, R. 1., Tekonshafislhoull Co., Mich.





nunoc JERSEY —-A few bred





gills for sale.

Corey U. Edmondo.





Hastings. Mlchlsan.

—A few of those big bone Duroc

For sale Gllts, bigger and better than ever.

Safe in pig to an Orion boar. Prices from $25 to 340.

Also tried sows and u. few boars cheu . l“. A. LAMB

& SON, CASSOPOLISK MH‘HIJAN.





 





   

 





: 4 . l P

lit “5"

ill suck For Silo—Ill ll

‘ i l. Com 0mm Snllelltl Vlillm lluyi Inlet-ow,- “ |

. 1



..





 





0. l. C. Bred Gilts





Cliolce 100 ll). Pigs 316.

J. CARL JEWET'I‘. Mason. Mich.





39—263





3 Fine gilt farrow iii Februar '. year-

0. I: G . ling, bred, sows, price right.

A. B. GRAHAM. Flint. Michigan.





SPRING BOABS f d t

O. l. C. m paladin: final.” "“

John Bower and Son. Grand Ledge. Inch.





 





 





o l cchoice servicoluilchoai's;bred gilts orApriland

. . .Muy furrow; ball pigs not akin. rite for low

prices and photo. A. \ . Hart. Grass Lake. Mich





 





All sold except one J uly hour

and ii few ()ct. pigs.

Rockford. Michigan.





0. 1. (3’5





0

C. J . TIIOMPSON.





 





Th h f th b'

Way Brolhers Slack Farm. b032, Ufi’f‘é’. {£03, 3.0;:

for sale. Registered free. J. R. Way. Three Rivers, lit-ii.





 





 





o i a serviceable boars. tried sows. gllts bred for

I I I Mari-hand April fill‘l‘l.)w Humiuerand full lgs.

Ipay express. 6. P. AND REWs. Danevllle. a tell





 





o ' c Gllts bred for March. April and May

I t C furrow. Recorded in buyer's name.

1!. W. MANN. Dan-ville. Michigan.





’ I 0 ‘ ‘



0. l. C a. Strictly Big Type. $35,300.“;an 3?:

July boars, 25 Spring gllts, four fall yearlings. four tried

sows. :ill bred for Spring furrow. Also fall pigs not akin.

l-thru good ones. As I am crowded for room. this good

elm-1:. will be. sold at Farmersf Brices. They are good

enough that I will send themC. .D.& record them free.



ewman‘s Stock l-nrm. Mariette, Mich. R. I.





 





 





0. l. C. and CHESTER WHITE SWINE





Big I) pe wi tli quality. We have the undefeated breeders

young herd at seven State fairs this year. The) were

sil‘i'd lo Abo 2nd, one of our many 3 herd boars.

Special prices on all boar» for the next 30 dais. Get

a (Hit bred to the Great Schoolmaster, the highest.

rived boarol‘.’ the breed. Champion over champions.

l rite for our big catalogues with history of the best

herd in the whole country. nieZand see them.





Bolling View Slack Farms, Cass City, Mich.





O l C Choice Spring boars and bred Hilts.

0 I 0 We pay Express and Register free.

Glenwood Stock Farm. Zeelnnd. Michigan.





I I Attractive prices on fall pig-i

"8&8“de o. l- c 8- and last spring gllts. All from

large litters. Elmer E. Smith. Redford, Mich.





 





o I c, 20 bred now: for $10.81;“ Aprilgilts averaged 27')

I I sllhann. 10.1916. They are a very growthy lot. Have

some May gllts and last fall yearliugnmlw a few service boon

and plenty of last fall pigs. Otto B. Schulzo, Nashville, Mich.





 





0 I 0 Choice gi Its bred for April and May furrow.

- a l Also last full igs of excellent duality.

A. J. BARKER. A A. NHCH. R. No. 3





o ' c Sows bred for March and A iii to rrow. Priced

I I I to sell. from best of stock. rite for photoand

pedigree. E. :B. MILE’I‘T, Fowlerville, M ii-liigan.





O. I. C. SWINE





strictly 0J1. O. ty bred'to far-row the forepart of May,

also full pigs p ('9 right. Stock registered in pur-

chaser's mime free of charge. A.J.Gm-deu, n.2, Dorr,l\licli.





' read, 1' ii‘ .‘t‘I‘Vl 'I.

O. .l. C. Climce Boars in} Jul-0.»:.....i‘.‘-...i.l

lerleos. Jl'l.l.\N P. CLAXT )N. ll. 8. L'liiii, Mich.-





PDLAND GHINAS





l“l‘i)lll our thousand pound Grand (‘lmiupion Boar

and Big Stretchyhfows of best breeding. Spring

Boers at a bargain. Bred Gilts and Brood Hows.





llllcrcst Farm, Kalamazoo, Mich.





' . 3 a ' ' ' -



POUND lillllll “$3.33. ”$35215.“5.138.-.‘iilf-‘u’llinlalii



auteed. G. W. BOLTON, fialamazoo, Michigan.



Pllllllll cmuis Newsmilitias-.9“

A. A. WOOD & SON. Saline. Michigan.





 





I am offering

choice gilt:





 





 





 





 





 





I are“ choice boars of spring and

LITE. Slrlln P. -early summer furrow. A choice lot

of spring Gilts l)1'(‘d for spring l'zirrou sii’ml l),\ Big

Defender the boar that every body goes wild over.

H. 0. BWARTZ. Schoolcralt. Michigan.





 





Gilts and sowsFBred for Mar. and

law! I e P. c- April furrow. 'JSlred by Big Des

Monies, lg Knox J r..ahd Glam Defender. Bred to Big

Knox Jr. Smooth Wonder 3 and Big Jumbo. four great.-

not boars in state. China or write. W.E.Livingstoii.l’nriiiu,Mich.





 





Big ’l‘i'pe Boats all sold. Have several good Hilts

bred to Smooth Jumbo. Jr. Top Boar of J. .

Collin Sole. Priced right to zoqaick. A.D. Gregory,loiii:i,Micli.





 





1G '1‘ no Poland China Gilts. bred toa good son of

Won erful Wonder. He sold ln Iowafor $625. This

willp lease you . Robert Martin. R. 7, Hastings. Mich.





' e'the e , ll :. S -

For Sale Poland climax .13.“; Solid“... Skits... 3.113.:

P. D. Long. R. F. D. No. 8. Grand Rapids, ich.





 





 





Poland Chinas. Both sex and all anew:

“a”, .0 bargain rices. Also B l’. llm'k

ROB RT





Cot-kerels. EVE. Plcrcoh. Michigan.





 





POLAND Ohiniis—Big and medium type. Gilts bred

to blf t)&e boars for April furrow. Fall pl 3. either

. . Borneo 8: Son. lchigan.





sex. Byron.





- Bred sow sale. Feb. 18th.

3'? T DO P. 0 Write for Catalog.

W. . HA ELBBAW. Augusta. Michigan.





JG type Poland Chinas—Western bred. lon bodied

extra. large bone. pairs or trios not akin. fid‘e have

Peter Mouw. Ii. Fesenmeyer and Geo. Marshall breed.

lug. Cull or write, W. Brewbaker 5‘ Sons. Elsie. Michigan,





G'lteb d! '

Large Yorkshires rind." é’fi'LTi‘I-‘E

hours. l’irs all a es. Prices Reasonable. W. C.

00K. oute ADA. MICHIGAN.





 





 





 





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u ' II Yorkslros Pay tho

Joni: Pay: the Freight mam... 3mm"...

for March and April fan-owing. Meadowland Farm.

Waterman & Waterman. (Ann Arbor. Mich.





MULEFOOT HOGS. 1195‘ 3%. ’23?





sole. (3. I". BACON. R. 3, Britten, Michigan.





‘ —Nothing for sale but Apr. Roam.

Ham’smr. “038 Takingorderr- forspring figs. Writ.-

youi'u'iiiils. John W'. Snyder. St. Johns. R. .'o. 4. Mich





 





 





 





' ' Pigs of both sex. llrcd Sowsfiervice

HIMPSllIlO swme- boars. Write for prices. Price to

sell. FLO Y1) M \ hits. R. No. 9, Decatur. Ind.





 





AMl’SHIlll‘} Swine. The great pusturi-hog. Select;

herd headed lii'ii uiniiiiiiotli son of the Grout"Look

Hut." How u few bred son's ziiidl'iillpigs l'orsule.

Booking orders for spring gigs in pairs and tries. not akin. a:

reasonable prices, Geo. . Starr. Grass Lake; Mich,





SHEEP.





Kope Kori Farms





SHROPSHIRES and DUROCS. KINDERKOOK.'.MICH.

oxford llown Sheep. n° :i"‘.‘.“;.§8£.:“"’





M. F. GANSSLEY. Lennon. Michigan.





 





Registered bred ewes. also ewe lambs





 





ShrODShire These are first class sheep at reason.





:llllt‘ prlccs' (i. l’. A.\'l)lti£\\'>'. Dunsvlllc. Michigan
‘ 95% —-_:r::—::+5e..





l’s llller in Every Reader 0 is. Paper





o“;‘“ ‘- : ..~ I?“ ,,

I’ll Rn! Your ' l will

Stock of WORMS





I’LL PROVE IT BEFORE YOU PAY





Ihave been advertising in this paper for years. Thousands

of your brother subscribers are feeding SAL-VET regularly

and are enthuSiastic over the benefits they received. Read

what one of the thousands has to say:





“We had forty head of hogs last fall; they were in bad shape, getting poorer every day. We began

feeding SAL-YET to them, and they immediately began to improve, and kept on improving, until

now we have Just as nice a bunch of hogs as any one wants to see.”_Jaeger Bros.,Lincoln, Minn. """""""" "





Iwant every reader of this paper who has not yet accepted my liberal offer

to do so now. I am gomg to make it so easy for you, yourself, to find out

what SAL-VET Will do for your farm animals that whether you have a

. few head of stock or a thousand, 4/? ,

‘25.; . ou cannot afford to ass b ' 0%

”fli‘k‘m “ y the offer below. p y ' .





‘\_‘\\\\\\\‘ “ ,((\ Pros. of The Feil Mfg. co.





~ \..E¢ . , ' , v

my g: '





 

 





 





 

   

 

 





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Destroys Worms Aids Digestion !





SAL-VET is a medicated salt which contains no antimony. It is a safe, Simple

inexpensive remedy which gives farm animals the medicines they need along with the salt they

crave. It requires no dosing, no drenching, no starving. It is the most widely known and used

live stock remedy on the market. Almost every farmer and stockman has heard about it and

hundreds of thousands of users testify to the remarkable benefits obtained from its use.





Thousands of SA 1- VET Users Write like This:





Remarkable Changein3Weeks SAL-VET Benefits all His Stock Rid His Horse of Worms Sto ed His Ho Losses

. PF 8

"SAL-VET has done wonders tor my “I have given your _“SAL-VET" the best “I have a five year old horse that had been “We were losing our pigs at a rapid rate

hogs, which were run down and m as bad test DOSSlblC‘, feeding it to our sheep, hogs, - - - - - when we got your SAL-VET. As soon as we

' _ . . .. ,, in bad condition for over 12 months. His hair .

a condition as any hogs I ever saw. horses and cattle. Since keeping SAL-VET l k dd d h th' (11 Id had fed it for a few days, they stopped

Three weeks after having access to SAL- before my sheep, I have had no losses and the 0° e. ea ' e was_very “Ina" . cou "Ot dying. SAL-VET is just fine.”-Edd Schauf,

VET they began to gain in flesh and now animals are in much better condition than 33* him to eat anything, altho I tried a l°t 0‘ Wellman, Iowa.

look fine and in good condition.” whenI began. It has greatly improved the different remedies, nothing seemed to help

-—Ed Van Moer Amiret, Minn. appearance of my hogs, given them ravenous him. I then fed him “SAL-VET” and ever “Hogs have died all around the neighbor-

‘ ’ appetites and not one of in}! sows has had smce he has had a hearty appetite,has become hood lately. I have been feeding SAL-VET

any trouble in farrowmg. SAL-VET". is a as sleek as a_ mole. and is in fine shape and only one of mine has been Sick. SAL-

ood preventiveof disease."—S.Jett Williams, generally, and is being worked every day.”-— VET surely brings the hogs along.”-T. J.

luck for 1:- NO- 20. Wadesvdle, Ind. O. T. Peden, Mt. Hermon, Ky. Wright, Phelps City, Mo.





lhlfslslgl I’ll Feed Your Stock 60 Days Before You Pay





Ezckages. Don’t.





hugger?“ by If you will fill out the coupon below and mail it to me today, I will ship you enough





33;; 931333;: SAL-VET—my great worm destroyer and live stock conditioner—to last all your stock 60 days. I don’t





gggufggsgffggfial ask you to send me a cent of pay in advance. I want to prove BEFORE YOU PAY—right on your own

farm, that SAL-VET will do just what I claim~— If it fails I won’t charge you a single cent for the 60 days’ trial. If it does

what I claim——if it does what thousands of other farmers and stockmen say it has done for them, then I know you will gladly





 





 





 





Each 40 lb. package - — - - $2.25 _ _ . > _

Prices {$2 £33 ii}: $351353 I .' .’ .' 3:33 pay the small cost of this 60 days’ feeding trial. SAL-VET is not only the best stock remedy on the market but the cheapest.

_ Each 300 lb. package - - - - 13.00





, a. . - _- - - 21.12 Costs only one-twelfh of a cent a day for each hog or sheep, and one-half a cent a day for each horse or head of cattle.

Extra discount in larger quantities.

No orders filled for less than 40 lbs, on this 60-day





trial olfer. Shi ments for 60 days‘ trial are based on

1 lb. of SAL-V IT for each sheep or hog and 4 lbs. for _

eachshorse or head of cattle. Thousands of dealers





sell AL-VET at above prices but in the far Went





, =33 3:3?33517i5333e1-We hm.” on mom“ 2 Just fill out the coupon—tell me how many head of stock you have and I will supply you enough SAL-VET to last all your

I I I - . I I . I stock 60 days; you pay the freight charges when it arrives and feed it according to directions. If SAL-VET does not

(“5) THE FEII. MFG. co_ § do what I claim and you make a specific report in 60 days I’ll cancel the charge; you won’t owe me a penny. Address

Dopt.80»2-19-16 Cleveland Ohio .

' 9 SIDNEY R. FEIL, PreSIdent





Supply me enough SAL-VET to last my stock sixty





days. 1 agree to Payth'e freight, feed it as directed, ‘ I I

and wlll then pay or it it it does what you claim. If It HE FEI ohemls‘s De ' "I

fails and I so report specifically in 60 days, you are to can- ‘ I I I I I I ,





cel the charge and I will owe you nothing.





 





Ihave ........ hogs ....... sheep ________ horses ________ came I .“ ‘Sal—Vet’ straightened twelve feeding it, although, when I got the ‘Sal-Vet’ you sent me on trial.

I sick shoats I had and put them in it, I had one that had what we Am perfectly willing to pay for it,

nice shape, and also drove a lot thought was cholera, but it recov- and want to say that I prefer to





Name .................................................... I of Dinworms from a gelding.”# ered, all right. I do not think use ‘Sal-Vet’ for my stock in pref-

Vern Aldrich, R. F. D. 1, Quimby, that ‘Sal-Vet’ has an equal as a erence to any other preparation

I Mich. stock remedy.”—-A. J. Gilbert, Bu- for the same purpose.”——(‘al E.

R0 ...................................................... “‘Sa1~Vet’ is good stuff. I did chanan. Mich. Hardy, Rt. 3, Mayville, Mich.

I not lose a hog since I have been “I am sending remittance for





W7, ‘fiv-W" "-— In“?